October 16. A IOVRNALL OF ALL THE principal PASSAGES OF that late famous Siege and Taking of the city of Mastricht by the Prince of Orange. Wherein you shall meet with many very remarkable Passages, both on the part of the Besiegers and Besieged. Written by a Gentleman of quality: and an Actor in most of the proceedings. Unto which is added, A List of all the principal commanders, and other Officers, which were either slain or hurt of all Nations in time of the Siege. LONDON. Printed by I.D. for Nathaniel Butter and Nicholas Bourne 1632. A SHORT RELATION OR IOVRNALL Of that famous Siege of MASTRICHT. AFter that his excellency the Prince of Orange had assembled his Forces above Nymegen, and the general day of Fasting& Prayers was past in the united Provinces, for the good success of his Excellencies enterprises: our Army marched incontinently towards Venlo, a place of strength and importance, and a Citi● of Gelderland From hence his Excellency sent one part of his Army towards Reremond, and another troope to Strallen, to attach those three places, being unfurnished of men and necessaries; at the same time by this means to distracted the Forces of our enemies. It so fell out, that within few dayes those three places yielded vpon faire Conditions, which caused his Excellency to leave therein the public exercise of their Religion in all their Churches; one excepted in every town, where our Reformed haue their public exercise: by this means to make the rest of the Cities of Brabant, to submit to his favourable victorious arms. We haue not lost any man of note before those Cities, save onely that renowned and most valiant captain, a true pillar of the Church in the Low countries, Count earnest of Nassaw, whose loss in so dangerous times is above our expressions. But his excellency ascribing this vnmatcheable loss of so faithful an Assistant to the fatal destiny of Heaven, and surmounting his natural affections with Christian patience and resolution, was not discouraged by that unhappy Reencounter so met withall in his first setting forth, but rather resolved to revenge that breach made in his own blood: and went speedily towards Mastricht, a neutral town, from thence sending some troops to Syttart, a town in Gullickland, took it, and put a garrison into it. In the mean time that we spent our time about Maseick two or three dayes, the Spanish Forces and relief came into Mastricht about two thousand men, picked out and chosen out of all the old companies that were in the Kings service, under valiant and stout commanders: the most of them having been in the town of Shertogenbosh when it was besieged: so that if we had come but three or four dayes sooner before the town, we might haue made a better bargain, and sooner gotten into that bloody city. But the Lords counsel being above our conceptions, it was fatal to many noble spirits to haue Mastricht the town of their valiant actions: so that wee delaying our March till that time, came not before the city until the tenth of june towards Lake, where his Excellency came very near the town with horse and foot, within less then a Musket-shot from the walls, they within not sparing their Ordnance, but wellcomming us with great and small shot without ceasing, not without great loss of ours. That night and day following, the Quarters were divided, the first bartery raised, which gave the town the signal of a suitor with three demi Canons, being answered with twelve of theirs. Before I come to relate some particulars, give me leave to tell you in what condition the town and our Army was at the first, and how wee did lodge us round about that vast Chaos of Mastricht, and wick. Mastricht,( Trajectum ad Mosam) is an old and famous city in Brabant, in the borders of it towards Luykeland, and the dukedom Limborg in one side, and the Land of Gulick on the other, divided into two Cities by the River of maze, that floweth through it: whereof the one is called Mastricht on Brabant side, belonging to the King of spain; the other wick in Luykeland-side, heretofore a neutral town, and belonging to the city of Luyke, but by reason of situation and commodiousness, taken in and kept by the Kings Garrison. The town is governed by their Burgomaisters and Senate, and hath many privileges above other towns: as being the magazine of all Brabant, full of Churches and colleges of men and women. The Garrison was heretofore commanded by a governor, one Monsieur de la Motterie, an old servant to the King: but being commanded to go up with the Kings Forces into the Palatinate the last Winter, under the command of Don Cordova, he could not come back again into the town before the Siege, but was forced to look vpon his Government with moistened eyes, in the Spanish Leaguer that came to relieve the town in vain. In his absence commanded Baron Delede, a brave commander, who carried himself valiantly all the Siege, as the effect shall prove: He had about two thousand five hundred Souldiers in Garrison, and three thousand burghers that were able to bear arms, as they did; he wanted neither victuals nor Munition at the beginning, as being in the magazine of Brabant, and therefore spared not his shot, but thundered most fearfully into our Quarters, to the loss of many. The Fortifications of the town are not very strong, having but a good Wall, with some Ravelins and bulwarks, and no outworks, but before the gates: till at the time of the Siege, that they made divers Horne-workes and Traverses, which did traverse our works mightily. Thus much in view of the town. Our Liaguer on the Brabandish side of the town was divided into four Quarters next the maze Northwardes, where our Hollandish Shipping lay, was Baron Brederode quartered on a Hill, with some Dutch Regiments, for the Guard of our Bridge and ships. Within half a mile from him, on the southwest side of the town, was the Quarter of his excellency the Prince of Orange, who had the strength of his army with him. The English, Scottish, French, some High-Dutch Forces. At the beginning his Excellencies Tents were pitched between the English and Scottish Quarter, fast by the Regiment of the guards. But the Enemies Cannons pointing directly that way, and shooting divers times through his Excellencies Pavilion; they were removed North-Westward from the town to an eminent hill, of a very fair prospect; from whence his excellency might see over all the towns, and all his Quarters round about, sitting( as it were) in the midst of his army on a high Throne. At his Excellencies right hand was the Count of Solmes, his brother in-Lawes Regiment, then in order colonel Harwoods, Casterwards, colonel Herberts, colonel Packenhams, my Lord Veeres, and general Morgans Regiments, in a Halfe-Moone( as it were) envirouing the town. At his left hand was chastilion, Haulterine, Maison, Neufue, and Duke de Candales Regiments; and next to them towards the town, grave Morris of Nassaw, and the Count of Hanaws Regiments. between the English and the town, lodged the Lords the States general, and because it was in a dangerous place, the Bullets flying round about them, they made a kind of Traverse before their lodging, to keep off the enemies shot. Before the States lay the Scottish Quarter, colonel brook, colonel Balfour, and the earl of Buchbergh Regiments. At the right hand, a little behind them the Princes guards. Those Regiments were in the Princes Quarter. In the third Quarter, South southwest from the town, commanded Count Henry, Grave Ernests eldest son, now governor of Freesland in his Fathers stead, with some Dutch Regiments. The fourth Quarter Southwardly from the town vpon a hill, was commanded by colonel Pinsen, under whose Quarter was the maze, and a bridge over it, where all our provisions coming from Luyck, landed, and from thence was conveyed into our Leaguer, on the other side of the town and Water. Before Wyke, was at the beginning but one Quarter, in form of a camp, commanded by Count Morris van Nassaw; before our enemies the Marques de saint Croce, and Pappenheym arrived: but afterwards when Count William came to us from about antwerp, he lodged there likewise in a peculiar camp, to hinder our enemies from attempting to relieve the town that way. The whole Leaguer was formed of huts of straw and some Tents, so that I could not imagine how it was possible that so much straw should be found about one town, and gathered in so few dayes; for wee came the tenth day of june before the town, and the Leaguer was formed and fitted at the fifteenth day of the same month, when wee began our approaches. After that the huts were set up very conveniently and orderly, wee began to fortify our camp, and entrench us round about with three several entrenchments and walls, three ditches being here and there assured by sconces, Redoubts, Halfe-Moones, Batteries, to be sure at our backs, in the mean while, wee had to deal with the town: as likewise every Quarter was enclosed by itself with a strong entrenchment, with several means to go in and out, guarded day and night for all occasions. The circuit of the whole Leaguer on both sides was about twelve or thirteen English miles, for I wentround about on horseback an easy place to view the works in four houres. As for our provision, wee had never scarcity of victuals, being relieved by those of Luyck, Tongeren, Sittert, and others, that came daily into our Quarters, with all manner of provision, Bread, Meate, Chickens, Fruits, Fowles, Butter Limborg-Cheeses, and especially, with roasting pigs, that I could not sufficiently admire the quantity of them. beer and Wine wee had enough, although sometimes cheaper, sometimes dearer, according to several occurrences. For the safety of our Quarters, wee had but little, for there was no place in his Excellencies Quarter, at least which was not within a canonshot from the Towne-wall: so that at the beginning, before our Traverses and walls were made towards the town, many Souldiers, men and women, were killed in their huts and Tents, especially, in the Scottish and Pinsens Quarters; the certain number thereof, I dare not mention, because it may seem incredible. Thus haue I brought you to the finishing of our Quarters in gross, for the perfect entrenchment of them was not finished till three weekes after. The fifteenth day of june, began his excellency to approach towards the town in his Quarter onely, by the English and Scottish on one side, and by the French and High-Dutch on the other side: none of the Low-Dutch out of no Quarter making any Approaches during this whole Siege. The Batteries that were raised were three. 1. in our English Approaches with three; 1. in the French Approaches with three; 1. with Pinsens Quarter with three pieces, although afterwards we in our English Approaches had but two Batteries. It was colonel Harwoods turn to begin the Approaches in our English Quarter, and was relieved by colonel Packenham, my Lord Veere, general Morgan, and the Scottish Regiments, so that it came to every Collonells turn to command once in seven dayes in the Approaches. At the beginning they began to dig courageously, and went well on, so that it was almost as safe to be in the Approaches as in the Quarters, they in the town sparing not their Ordnance to play continually, and seldom without some loss. His excellency was very forward to further the work, being more encouraged, when few dayes after the great Convoy came from Nymeghen, and the brave bringing in twenty ships with Munition and meal for the Army, and withall a good number of commanders, and Gentlemen, that accompanied my Lord veer, and the earl of Oxford, arriving in safety the two and twenty day of june. Since the eighteen till the twentie-two of june, there was nothing done or wrought in the approaches towards their Halfemoone by the English, and towards the rest of the outworks by the French. Those in the town making sometime show to hinder us with their sallies, but without great hurt. The twentie-three of june, his Excellency sent a Trumpet into the town, with a Packet of Letters, wherein was the Declaration of Count Henry Vanden Bergh, signed under his own hand: but the governor would not receive the Letters, and sent them back again, with protestation to receive no Letters, but from his Generalissimo, the marquis de saint Croce; yet the Trumpet acquainted some in the town with Vanden Bergs intention, and perceived so much by some Souldiers, that already they began to be weary of their labours, being forced to be day and night at the Guard, and that in the outworks towards night, being Saint Iohns eve, when the Guard was relieved, they in the town made a very curious Volley, of their great and small shot, in honour of Saint John the Baptist, which gave an Alarm in some Quarters that were not well skilled in the almanac. The twenty-foure of june, after their Matins, they made a sally both vpon the French and English, entering into our Trenches, and killing some few men, but were expulsed with loss, and left one of their men prisoner behind them. Wee had not above four men killed, and colonel Packenham, who commanded in the Trenches, was shot in his face, whereon he did lie many weakes, but recovered by Gods mercy. That night wee wrought on in our works; and they in the town came often vpon us with a Sa Sa Donques, but had no mind to fall on. That night was a fire in the Quarter of the guards, but did no great harm. The twentie-fifth of june was a sally made by them in the town vpon the French, and one Lieutenant and one ensign, and some French slain, but they were beaten back again. The twentie-sixe of june, was a Sergeant killed in my Lord Veeres Quarter; they played very hard with their Canon out of the town: wee heard news of our enemies coming to relieve the town. The twentie-seaventh of june, towards evening we heard three or four Cannon-shots given by the marquis saint Croce, for a signal of his coming to the town, being three houres going from vs. The twentie-eighth of june, came a Bullet from the town in my Lord Morgans Tent, and broke two of his Coffers, without other harm; that afternoon wee had a false Alarum by occasion of a drum that was to enter into the town, but soon discovered: the marquis began to shoot that Evening about twentie-three canonshot for a signal, and came nearer to us, thinking to affright our Army with his great Cannons. The twentie-ninth of june, the marquis marched fast by our Leaguer, in the sight of our Army, where our horse did skirmish with his men. That night began our Grandround, which lasted a great while: the next day the marquis went up and down about our camp, being doubtful which way to march; till at last, the first of july, he turred towards Barbie Brederods Quarter, and formed his Leaguer close on the Rivers side by a cloister, where he remained until the day of the taking of the town, attempting nothing against our camp all that while, although he had many fair opportunities, but the prisoners and runnawayes told us, that he could not find leisure to think on us, being so much employed in dicing: that night my Lord of Oxford fell vpon the Enemies Traverse with great courage and resolution, and took it by main force, but for want of succours was constrained to retire; yet our men falling on the second day, beate the enemy out again, and had maintained their possession, if our workmen that should haue turned the work vpon the Enemies, had not treacherously neglected their works, and fallen vpon the dead bodies to strip them; for in deferring the work, the enemy came out of the town, and made our men retire: where wee lost captain Haughton, Master Knowles, Master Enwein, volunteers under my Lord Veeres company, Lieutenant Gardly, and some common Souldiers, and Sir Simon Harencouste, with captain Rookwood were hurt, but escaped by the Lords mercy. The next morning, the second of july, wee had our revenge on the enemy, for the marquis intending to make a bridge over the maze, sent some three or four hundred men in boats over the River, to get ground and make a little Countrescarfe about the Water, to assure his works, but our French troops that had the Guard, seeing them landed, charged them under the command of that brave marquis Des Tiax, Lieutenant colonel to the Duke of Candaile, and gave them the overthrow, killing above a hundred, and taking the rest prisoners. Notwithstanding, the Cariols Cannons, about ten or twelve pieces, which favoured their descent, and played continually vpon our men sore. Wee lost the said marquis in returning victoriously from the Water by a cannon-shot, as likewise captain Fouillem, and Dufresne, who was hurt and dyed afterwards: the Enemies much commended the valour of our men, as wee perceived out of Letters that were surprised. After dinner, the enemies Trumpet came to demand his prisoners, and his excellency had a gascon French with him, representing to him his kindness and mercy, that he had not put to the sword all the prisoners, which the enemies certainly had done, if they had had such an advantage over us, but the Trumpet answered, that his Excellencies courtesy and mercifulness was known by experience of the former year, when the Shallopes were taken at Bergen, and therefore they hoped for the same in time to come, with promise to show the like favour to our men, in the like case of extremity; whereupon his excellency answered, that he hoped, he should not haue need of their courtesy. And the third of july, began our workmen to sap into the enemies Traverses, and cut them in pieces, and so to make them vnserviceable to them. The marquis marched that day with some of his Forces towards Mastricht, to see whether he could get over the River that way, but our troops marching on the other side of the Water, took care of all occurrences, especially when having joined the Lord Diden with forty or fifty Companies, they disposed the barge between Roremond and in our Leaguer, in such a manner, that it was impossible for the marquis to undertake the passage any more. The fourth of july, was Sir james Leveston, Lieutenant colonel to Sir David Balfores Regiment, hurt in the head, but recovered by the Lords mercy. The same day were some eighteen closets with provision, intending to go to the Enemies Leaguer, brought in by our Horsemen. The sixth of july, commanded general Morgan in the approaches, and fell vpon the Enemies Traverses, and was hurt himself in his breast, but recovered within few weekes again. That night fell Lieutenant general of the Horse, vpon one of the enemies Horse-Quarters, and surprising them, killed a great many, amongst them a Spanish captain, and came with some booty and prisoners back again into our Leaguer. The scaventh of july was colonel Harwood, as he commanded in the approaches, shot through his hat. They thundered this day most furiously with their Canon, notwithstanding the great-empest and storm that was the whole day. After dinner brought our Horsemen in some twentie-fiue prisoners, one Drossard, and nine closets with provision, which were sold as good booty. One of our granades fell this night vpon a house in the town, with such an operation, that it threw back again into our Approaches, a great piece of iron and timber, which caused great terror to the burghers. The eight of july, were again some closets loaden with Wine brought in by our Horsemen. The ninth and tenth of july, was nothing done, but wee wrought hard in our Approaches. The eleventh of july, they in the town sprung a Mine in the French Approaches, but without great effect. That day came Duke de Candale, and my Lord Craven to our Army. The twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth of july, happened nothing of any consequence. The fifteenth of july at night took the Duke of Bovillion the Castle Argenteau or Arkenteall, between our Leaguer and Luycke, vpon the River of maze, where great store of provision was found, and some arms: by this means to assure the passage between Luick and vs. The same night, made the Garrison a sally vpon the French-Approaches, and beate them out of some of their works, and lodged there. The next day, being the sixteenth of july, was a mine sprung by the French, and an assault given by them vpon the enemies works, and taken by force, but lost again instantly: they in the town playing with their Cannon and Muskets from the Wall on all sides, so fiercely, that our men could not hold the work. That night took the walloons the works again which the French had lost, and turned the enemy quiter out of them, but not without a great fight, where on both sides many lost their lives. The seaventeenth and eighteen of july, was it very quiet, onely we continued our fapper. The nineteenth of july, in the morning the marquis gave us an Alarum, his Horse coming near to our entrenchments, and galloping up and down within a Musket-shot of our Fort, being above two or three thousand Horses; but all their exploit was to take two or three hundred of our Waggen-Horses that were feeding thereabout, and to massacre ten or twelve of our poor Wagginers most cruelly, cutting off their ears and noses, in a most vile and barbarous manner. But our Cannon from the English Fort, and his Excellencies Battery, made many of them fly in the air; as likewise our Horsemen took many of them in their retraites, where the captain of his Excellencies Curassiers, being too far engaged, was slain. That day and night before, were about an hundred and twenty Horses brought in by our Horsemen, and sold as good booty. There had been an advertisement given by some of the Enemies camp, to his excellency by a Letter, of their enterprise, but that Letter was delivered too late, even when they retreated, by the fault of one whom wee dare not name. The marquis came that night with some Forces, and presented himself before Brederodes Quarter, but gave no assault, and retired. The twenty of july, they did nothing. The twenty one of july, they made a sally from out of the town vpon our Corps de guard, which we had under Pinsens Quarter, but were forced to retire by our Horses, and some killed and taken prisoners. That afternoon was a great Skirmish in the French Approaches, where the Count of Hanaw after he had sprung a Mine, fell vpon the enemies works, and beate them out; it was long disputed and lasted above one hour, and our men making show to retire, that brave Count with his naked sword in his hand, drove his men on, and encouraged them by his example, till at last he got a shot in his head, whereof he dyed few houres after; a great loss of a hopeful young courageous Lord, brought up by his excellency from a child, and much lamented by all the Army. The night following, attempted the marquis de saint Croce again to bring some of his troops over the water, as they did, and landed ab●ue three hundred, but were so entertained by Grave van Stirum, that the most of them were slain, and a hundred of them brought prisoners into our Quarters, amongst them some neapolitan Captaines and Officers. The twentie-two of july, sprung the French another Mine, and got two rods of ground of the enemy. After dinner, the enemy sprung a Mine in the English Approaches, but without great harm. Whereupon Lieutenant colonel Proud, who commanded in the Approaches in colonel Packenhams turn hearing the Alarum, and running towards the breach, was shot in his head stark dead, being much lamented by his whole Regiment. The twentie-three of july, here happened a memorable thing, that two of our workmen which the day before had been blown up in the Mine, and afterward covered with the earth, came forth out of the ground again without any hurt, after that they had laboured with hand and foot to get out of the ground the whole night before. This same day sprung they in the town another Mine without hurt; for there was scarce a day that they did not trouble us with sallies or Mines, behaving themselves very valiantly and stoutly. The next day being the twentie-fourth of july, wee did spring a Mine, with an indifferent good effect: the ground being made faster and fitter for our Sappers. The twentie-fiue of july, was a sally made by the townsmen vpon Count Morits Quarter, but they were repulsed with loss. The twentie-sixt of july, was a great Alarum in our Leaguer, as if the marquis would come to assault us in our Trenches; our Horse sentinel having discovered some of the Enemies Horses; and heard the beating of many drums towards our Leaguer; but it was a mere bravado, perhaps to take more Horses; not with an intention to measure the breadth of our ditches, and the firmness of our entrenchments, whereunto our enemies had but little mind; knowing that for all their pains, they should get nothing but shane and blows. They in the town blew up a Mine again, but without effect. The twentie-eight of july, began the marquis to play most furiously with his Cannons vpon our Guard which we had over the Water, charging his pieces with Musket-bullets, but did no great harm. The French blew up a Mine, and lost Lavioletta, a brave captain. The twentie-ninth of july, did our men approach towards the Halfe-moone before the gate, but were received with great and small shot in abundance, and with granades, which they threw thick vpon us: there was that honest captain Courtney hurt, whereof he dyed. The same night went the Count van Sullenborg, with some of the States back towards Holland. The 30. began the French to come near the counterscarp in the Couertmynes they cast it, and so went to the ditch. The 31. was a bloody day, where the enemies burnt some of our blinds or coverts to hid our workmen, and skirmishing with our Scottish that had the Guard killed a great many, amongst them Lieutenant Bruce, and hurt captain Leviston and captain Dowglasse, and others, and demounted one of our Canons. The 1. of August, burnt the enemy two of our blinds, and slay some of our men in the gap; notwithstanding we went on in our works both English and French, for all the stout opposition of the enemy. The French about this time or a little before, beginning their covert Gallery under the ground toward the wall which the enemy did not dream of, but the English made a Corps de Gard fast by the counterscarp. The 2. of August, fell a part of the Towne-wall to the ground, whereupon we did shoot most fiercely but it was not a sufficient breach for an assault. The 3. day, began the English their Gallery under the earth towards the town, and wrought very quietly, the enemy shooting no more so furiously as they did for want of Powder as wee thought and afterward found to be true, yet was colonel Harwood that night shot in his leg with a Granado, as he commanded in the Approaches and gave order to resist the enemies that came to pull down our Musket baskets from our works. That day went a convoy to Falckenburgh, a County and town belonging to the King of spain, and after some resistance got into the town, and took away as much provision from thence as their Wagons could carry. The 4. of August, began our English to cut through the counterscarp afore the Ditch and to look into it, and found it very steep and deep. The next day, went his Excellency to Argentean, to confer with the Magistrate of Luyck that came thither. The 6. wee went on in our works, and some of our French Cauailiers went to speak with some of their friends in the Enemies army, with leave of his Excellency and found them despairing of all means to relieve the town, only they hoped to give us battle in our return, which gave a good couragement to our Souldiers. The 7. fell the Scottish vpon the enemies traverses and took it, with the loss of a captain and ten Souldiers. The 8. arrived Papenheym at Stitart, and came the 9 9th. before our Army. The 10. was a Woman taken coming out of the town with an intent to go to the enemies camp, and being examined by sergeant Maior Glasser, after many threatenings and entreats, she confessed that she had swallowed down a little bullet and in it a Letter, which after a purge shee voided and the letter was found; the letter being wrapped together and put in a little bullet and baked in a paste that she should the easier swallow it down, the contents of the Letter are not known. The 11. of August, being a day of Prayers in the Leaguer and in all the United Provinces, was colonel Harwood slain in the approaches with a small Canon bullet of 6. pound, and his heart beaten in pieces that he dyed instantly as he was viewing the Enemies works and commanding in the approaches in his turn; a brave Commander, and as he was generally beloved of men of high and low estate, so was he generally lamented for his Piety and experience in warlike affairs. The Prince bewailing him as a valiant colonel, the States as a faithful Patriot, the Church as a true Pillar, the Nobility as a furtherer of their advancements, and the common soldier as a Father and Benefactor; his Regiment was soon after provided with a most worthy successor, that noble Knight Sir Henry Herbert, hitherto Lieutenant colonel for the same Regiment. That evening came the Palatine Duke of Newburg to our Army, and was received of his Excellency afore the camp and courteously entertained, but had not his requests granted to him, as being absurd and preposterous. He went the next day and came again into our Leaguer at the evening, his demands were as much as wee could perceive, to make Maestricht& Wyke neutral towns and to bee a Mediator between his Excellency and Pappenheym, who came to relieve Wyke as depending from the Roman Empire, and as he began in some licentious speeches in a manner to threaten the States with Papenheyms forces and courage, he received such an answer from his Excellency and the Lord President, that he was fain to go home the next day as he came, without effecting any thing. The 12. of August, was a great fire in colonel Harwoods Quarter, which burnt a whole division to the very skirt where the dead body of colonel Harwood did lie and there it stayed, the wind turning in a moment as I did observe and many with me not without admiration. Papenheym came that day and Quartered behind Count Morwets quarter vpon an hill within less then a Canon shot but attempting nothing that day. Thus were wee environed on both sides by our Enemies, having the Marquis on the one and Papenheym on the other side of the river and the town afore vs. But having the Lord and a good cause on our part, there was none of the whole Army that was the least affrighted, for all these Spaniards and Imperialists, but wished rather that they might come and try what courage wee had in our Army, as they did few dayes after. The 13. coming nearer and nearer the town wee found greater resistance, the townsmen sinking their Canons to shoot into our works, making new Batteries in the bottom of the Ditch, and using all means to keep us always busy. As likewise our enemies with false alarms awaking us night and day, and keeping us in a continual guard with our whole Army many dayes, not without great trouble and weariness to our common souldiers and Officers, though they did it very cheerfully as hoping for a good successful end and issue of their labours; then began Papenheym to show himself an enemy by his Actions, skirmishing with our men and hindering our victuals to come from Luyck to our Leaguer. The 14. of August, were some souldiers and women, coming out of the town to cut corn, taken Prisoners, who made contrary reports, some thinking it unpossible that we should take the town, others that the town could not hold out 7. dayes longer and the like, but the best advice in what extremity the town was in, we had by another woman that was brought in that day with an intention to carry news to the marquis leaguer, and being examined by the sergeant Maior general would confess nothing, nay did laugh& seem to wonder when he asked her, whether shee had not eaten any letters, but at the last he showing her the Bullet of the other woman and making her beleeue that he had cut the other womans belly& found the letter in it, vowing to do so to her, if she not would confess the truth, the poor woman fell on her knees and demanded pardon and grace, confessing that shee had swallowed such a pill which shee emptied after a purge, and two letters found in it, one in Spanish from the baron of lead 'vice governor of Mastriecht to La Mottery, that was in the marquis camp desiring relief, with promise to hold out; the other from the Magistrate to the same La Mottery, protesting that if they were not relieved within 3. dayes they would and must yield to the enemy, such was the condition of the town that they did not agree, some desiring to treat, others to hold out, some labouring more for there honour, others for their profit. The 15. of August, came Kutingen ambassador of the Archbishop of Cullen to the States and his Excellency, but was so coldly entertained and so slightly welcomed, that he could presently guess the nature of his dispatch would he a good check, as he got at the last; for his Masters treachery who was the chief cause of Pappenheyms coming hither, though indeed he did us not the least hurt or hindrance, yet not for want of good will. The enemies made show that day to assault us in our works over the water, but it was nothing but a bravado. The 16. was a quiet day, but that Count Henry van Nassaw his Steward was shot in the approaches, whose name was Master Esinga, a Gentleman of quality. The 17. of August, was the bloodiest day we had all this siege, for we had work enough on both sides; They in the town sallied forth vpon us in the morning and coming vnawarres behind our sentinel, fell into our first Corps de guard afore they were discoucred, and throwing above 20. hand granades amongst our men, that lay here and there secattered, put them into such a confusion, that they quitted that work and retired to the 2. Corps de guard but were driven from thence and out of the 3. likewise, their we lost many men afore our troops could come in some order, by the means of captain cronwell who gathered as many men as he could to hinder the enemies proceedings, being assisted by that Noble Lord craven who came thither vpon this first alarum to present his service, as he was honourably employed in commanding the Pikes; so that the Enemy seeing our men ready to come vpon them fell back by little and little, till at last they werebeaten out of all our works again with loss and shane. We lost many Officers, amongst them sergeant Maior Williamson of Col. Morgans regiment, and captain Martin a Scottish Lieutenant, Moncrist and others that dyed afterwards, but the greatest loss was in that thrice Noble and Valiant earl of Oxford who came vpon the first Alarum, notwithstanding his indisposition into the aproches to do service to the Common wealth, and as he was going to charge the Enemy with his troops, was most unfortunately shot in his head and fell down stark dead without speaking any word to the great grief of the whole Army. The first earl of England that ever was shot in approaches as some observe. But as the enemies were beaten out of the works which they had gotten, so we had another revenge vpon our enemies in the afternoon to keep them off from our works that they should not enter them, on the other side of the water: for Pappenheym sending some of his Horse to draw out our Horses to a skirmish, and by that to draw them into an Ambuscado which he had laid in a little Wood with 5. or 600. musketeers, near which some of our musketeers that were sent out by Count Merats to charge the Horses, not suffering our horses to go forth for fear of an Ambuscado; whereupon his shoemakers issuing out of their Bushes charged our men, and caused them to retire which they did in good order being less in number, and the Pappenheyms pursuing eagerly after our men, came into a ditch that had been made long ago by our horsemen to keep in their Horses, and thinking they were in our entrenchments, sent for speedy relief to Papenheym with aduise, that they had gotten into our works, which they found a little way off, more important and of greater difficulty to force then they imagined, and therefore began to retire, but the poor Footmen being kept and forced to go on by their own Horsemen which came behind them with their swords to beate them forward, they saw no other remedy but to run headlong against our walls and there to die before their enemies, rather than to bee stain by their own horses. For it happened, that wee being provided for them, gave them such a welcome with our Canons being placed on both sides and charged with Musket bullets besides our shoemakers from the walls, that they were slain like silly sheep and fell in abundance, till our men being weary of killing fell out vpon them and took the rest Prisoners. It is credibly reported, that that they lost at the least 1000. men, carrying away sixty Wagons full of dead bodies, and leaving behind them their storme-ladders, munition, arms and other Instruments. There was a bill or a list brought to the Court of slain: four Colonels, 7. Captaines, the general of the Artillery, and 1500. men hurt and killed, amongst them Papenheym himself wounded a little in his side, how certain it is I know not, sure it is that they carried away 60. Wagons full of slain and hurt, and left behind them above 2. or 300. in the fields stripped, which our souldiers butted the day after. Thus was Papenheym forced to confess, that our works were not to be forced for all his braveries, to sand us back again with a staff in the hand, yet was he so much more to be commended then the Spaniards for his courage, that he durst attempt that when our works were finished, which the Spaniards durst not do with a stronger Army afore our works were brought to perfection. The 18. arrived at Noufit, a convoy of 50. Chariots with Powder from Roremond, being accompanied but by three Companies of horse, notwithstanding the enemies Armies on both sides which came very seasonably, by reason of our Mynes which wee were about to make, and required a good deal of powder. The 19. wrought our workmen in the mine so fast, that they got under the wall in hope to spring it within few dayes as it was done. The 20. were the two dead bodies of colonel Harwood, and Count of Hanaw, carried out of the Leaguer in two Wagons, their Companies marching afore them before our entrenchments, from whence they were brought to the Enemies leaguer and by the marquis Trumpet conducted to Mazeyk, and so by water into Holland. That day was the Eeue of our Ioy and Victory, but a sad and heavy one, for our Mine which was appointed to be sprung about 5. a clock, could not be ready till towards 9. a clock which caused a great confusion and trouble. To speak larger of it, wee had made a decked Gallery under the ground towards the wall, and as our Ingenier thought to be far enough, he began his Mine making three several Chambers, and putting some 18. tons of Powder in them; but they in the town by their Countermines found out our mine and began to take it in 9. tons of Powder, which our Ingenier perceiving hastened the other chambers, one of them taking fire about 9. of the clock in the darkest night, wee had in a short time made an indifferent breach in the wall, but not so great as we had desired. Whereupon the Companies were commanded and some others voluntarily to fall on, but found the ditch very steep and deep, that the most part of the Soldiers and Officers were forced to sit down vpon the ground and so to slide down in the ditch vpon their breeches, which being done, they found the other side of the ditch very high and steep again to ascend, the breach being above in the ston wall, so that with much ado they did climb up to the breach; in the mean while they in the town knowing the place of the mine resorted all thither, Souldiers, burghers, and Clergy-men, and threw abundance of hand granades and pitched ●opess and the like stuff down in the Ditch, and shot so fiercely with Canons and Muskets vpon our poor men, that they were forced to retire with some loss, Lieutenant Hollis who commanded the assault was shot in his thigh, and many Officers and Gentlemen killed and hurt. His Excellency was then in the approaches and could not sufficiently commend the courage and resolution of our English, that went on like as to a Feast with a great noise and acclamation. The insuccessiblenesse of the breach and the darkness of the night, was the cause that the town was not forced, which in the day time would easier haue been performed: And the town brought into that same estate in which they were foam 53. yeares ago, when the Duke of Parma took it by an assault, and killed Men, Women and Children, and pillaged the whole town; For our Souldiers longed already for the faire buff coats, and goldsmiths shops, which are renowned in this town to make good booty, but the Lord had otherwise disposed to spare so much innocent blood that would haue been spilled in the sacking of so mighty a town. They within the town had made within the walls several traverses, and cut off the wall, and planted Ordnance here and there, that if we had gotten into the town we had found yet great resistance, howsoever this bold attempt of our English did so terrify both clergy and burghers, that the next day being the 21. of August about 8. a clock, they began to consult in the town, whether they should stay for the second mine in the French approaches, which was to be ready within 2. dayes or come to a parley, considering that the longer they deferred the treaty, the worse Conditions should they obtain from his Excellency; Therefore Saturday the 21. of August, betimes a Clergy-man without warrant began to toll the great Bell which was not wont to be tolled but in great extremitieand danger, with an intent to assemble the people, which struck such a terror in the Commons thinking there had been another mine sprung, that they came together desiring to parley, and the Magistrates and Clergy being as forward as some of the burghers, they forced the governor to come to a Treaty how loathe and unwilling soever he was, representing unto him the great danger they were in, if the town should be forced, the little hope they had of relief, the great honour he had gotten already in giuing an assault. And thus, till at last mingling threatenings with entreaties, they moved the governor to put out the white Flag and to desire a parley, which was granted by his Excellency. And the sergeant Maior general going into the town, there came some Captaines and Magistrates up to his Excellency and treated that whole day, till the next day after they agreed, on both sides vpon such Conditions as you may find in the printed Articles, and the Conditions on the behalf of the Garrison, were fulfilled the day after being monday the 23. day of August, where about Two of the clock in the afternoon, they marched out with flying Colours, full armor, lighted matches, in number about 1300. strong sound men, besides those that were vpon Wagons with the baggage, and such as were hurt, they had but 2. Companies of Horses very weak, and took with them six Pieces of Canon. That day marched into the town his Excellencies Guard, and the Colonels Companies, which were relieved by others some dayes after, till a certain Garrison should be established. Thus was that strong( and in the eyes of the world) impregnable City of Maestricht and wick taken in by his Excellency, by the Lords especial grace and blessing, the difficulty of which Siege, was not so much in regard of the strong Fortification, as for the situation of it being so far from Holland, in the midst of the enemies country, the King of Spaines darling town which he would not loose for any thing. Many things were very memorable in this Siege, of which, 4. I cannot choose but relate. 1 That the things which is brought to he very hindersome and troublesone to us, with a means of furthering us and doing us good. 1. The weather. 2. The Enemies, for it is generally known, how wet and moist a Summer we had this year, full of rains, tempests, storms, hales, and inundations, which should haue seemed to hinder us exceedingly. There is none of the eldest men in our Army that had remembered such a feason, so that some times we could not see the sun shine in many dayes, and were forced on the very Midsummer day to sit near the fire to warm us, as likewise often in the Dog dayes. But the same God who ruleth seasons and weather, and manifested his goodness towards us by that dry Summer, before the Bush when wee had need of it, in regard of the moistness of that Marish ground about that City. He granted unto us a wet Summer in regard of the contrary disposition of this ground about Maestricht, being hard stony and a very firm day ground, so that if the Lord had not continually softened the earth by abundance of rain, it had been impossible for our workmen to work at all, or at least so currently in the approaches and trenches; so that though it was very tedious to those that had the Guard in the approaches to stand in the dirt over the shoes, yet in regard of the public good it was very profitable to haue rain and wet weather; besides, the same rain and abnndance of wet weather did serve us likewise, in regard of the river of maze which was always overflown: for that our Army and( the Marquis could not pass over with his Army, or at least with his Horse to assault us on the other side) where wee were weaker at the beginning; for you must know, that first of all, we entrenched ourselves on this side of the river where Maestricht lieth, because the relief for the town should come out of Braband, so that wee had need to be sure on our back for our Enemy, which was done within a short time, and after that wee did go to work on the other side in Graue-Morrit, Quarter to entrench that likewise. And our enemies coming before our trenches on this side, when they were almost ready, seeing the difficulty to force us, laboured by all means to get over the river to bring some relief in the town through grave Morrits Quarter which was not fortified; But the Lord who always fought for us and made all his Creatures to serve us, kept the river of maze in an extraordinary height and the stream in such a manner of violence, that whereas heretofore it was the whole Summer quayable& easy to pass on Horse-back, this year it was a hard matter to cross it with a boat, so that our enemy was disappointed in his designs. But mark the unspeakable wisdom and providence of our God, no sooner were wee come with our approaches almost to the end, and our works round about the leaguer finished and Pappenheym with his Army almost arrived on the other side out of Germany, but faire weather cometh on, and the ground grown hard again and difficult for Pappenheym to work in his batteries and entrenchments. Then the river grew less and less and Pappenheym joined with the Marqueffe by a Bridge which hitherto we had hindered him to do a long. Wee stood in need of it and did not care, for having made an end of our works. And as the weather, so our enemies themselves haue fought for us and done as it were a good turn, to defer to assault us till our works were ended, and to lie hereabout as without attempting any thing against some of our towns in the united Provinces, for if the marquis had fallen on at his first coming, when he was strong in men and had abundance of ordnance with him, their had been a possibility to do us some hurt and to bring us to some inconueniency, if not to relieve the town, our works being yet unperfect, but by putting it off from one day to another, wee made ourselves so fast, that afterwards if he had any mind to assault us it had been unprofitable, nay prejudicial to his whole Army, or if he had gone into Holland, or Frizeland, and taken the course which grave Henry vanden Bergh took in the Siege of the Bush, to spoil our Country within, and fear us, he might haue done us great harm, if not taken foam town or forced us to divide our Army; but the Lord hath so blinded their eyes and benumbed their wise council, that they would rather sit down near us, die for hunger, and loose a great sort of men that run over to us every day, to bee as it were eye-witnesses of our good success and victories, then by any honourable attempt annoy us or profit themselves. It is the Lords work, and it is marvelous in our eyes. 2 It is likewise worthy to be observed how the Lord did bless so bold an enterprise with a successful Issue, notwithstanding so many lets& hindrances. It is to wonder at, and a strange thing to those that know this Country, that the States should sand their Army under the command of his Excellence in so far and remote a Country from their own territories, to besiege so great, populous, strong, and well furnished a Town, being situated in the midst of the enemies Country, the magazine of whole Brabam, the ordinary Rendeuous of the Kings Armies, full of devout Clergy, faithful subiects to the King, valiant souldiers, having abundance of all necessaries without any want whatsoever,& good resolution, to hold out, and greater hope to be certainly relieved by an Army that came a far way, without any baggage or sufficient provision, having left the most part of the Canons, Munitions, provisions, Tents, Clothes, linen, on shipboard at Nymmegen, without any possibility to come to them, as indeed even the best of us had want of such necessaries to the very end of the siege. 3. having no hope to get any provision out of Brabant, and relying onely and mainly vpon a people neutral. 4. Besieging that vast town but on one side from his Excellencies own quarter, by 2. aproches of the English and the French where the enemy might bend his might and strength to hinder and oppose us, and notwithstanding all oppositions go through with it, continue the siege so long time 10. weekes and two dayes, and at last take it by Composition. 5. In the sight and presence of two powerful strong Armies of the enemies, lying both within a Canon shot from our leaguer, whose onely desire was to keep that darling City. It is the Lord who girded our loins with strength, with him hath our Army leaped over the wall, he hath fought our battels for us, blessed be his holy name. 3 It is remarkable that this whole siege, notwithstanding that unseasonable weather and many necessities, and wants of diuers things, our Army hath not beer afflicted with any sicknesses or diseases, which oath wise accompany such exploits. The Lord repairing and mending as it were the unseasonableness of the weather with a wholesome piercing and delightsome air, which kept our bodies in good temper, and good constitution; so that I hear scarce of any of our soldiers that was sick of any disease in all this siege, blessed bee the LORD of Hosts. For all these Considerations and many other manifestations of the Lords providence and goodness towards our Army, wee may confess, that it was not the strength of our Army or the arm of flesh by which wee haue gotten so glorious a victory; but Digitus Dei, the power and arm of Almighty God who hath the hearts of men in his hand, inclining them whether he will, that it is he alone who hath crwoned this enterprise with glory and victory. To that God, who alone doth wonderful things, be Honour, Glory, thanksgiving and praise for evermore, Amen. A List of all the Officers of English, Scots, French, Wallownes, and Dutch, which were slain and hurt, during the Siege of Maestricht, the year, M.DC.XXXII. general Veeres Regiment. slain. earl of Oxford. captain Manly. Lieutenant Veer. Hurt. Lieutenant colonel Hollis. sergeant Maior Harcourt. captain Rookewood. captain Trevory. captain Veer. captain dudley. Capt. Lieutenant Cave. Capt. Lieut. Payton. Lieutenant Duncombe. Lieutenant Temple. Lieut. Peter. Lieut. Raynham. ensign Gerrad. ensign Sidnam. ensign red. Gen. Morgans Regiment. slain. sergeant Maior Williamson. Capt. Lieutenant Martin. captain Wentworth. Lieutenant Awdrey. ensign Forthsinge. Quartermaster Waymer. Hurt. general Morgan. captain Griffin. Lieutenant Whaly. ensign Stevens. ensign Cleve. Colonel Pagenhams Regim. slain. Lieutenant colonel Proud. captain gaudy. Capt. Lieutenant Courtniy. Lieutenant Lewis. ensign Mannings. Hurt. colonel Pagenham. Lieutenant Bradley. ensign Dansey. colonel Herberts Regim. slain. colonel Harwood. captain Morton. Lieutenant Garth. ensign Johnson. ensign Flyet wood. ensign brown. Hurt. captain Dorrell. Capt. Lieutenant Sundall. Lieutenant Duncombe. ensign Dolman. English Officers slain, 20 Hurt.—— 27 Officers of the Scots, slain and hunt. Colonel Brogues Regiment. slain. captain Ogleby. Lieutenant Bruce. ensign Riddel. ensign coats. Hurt. captain William Murray. ensign Johnson. Colonel Bucklinghs Regim. slain. captain Murray. ensign Granne. Lieutenant Mackrith. Hurt. captain Levistone. ensign Kerne-Croft. colonel Balfoures Regim. slain none. Hurt. Lieut. colonel Leviston. Lieutenant Dowglasse. ensign Scot. Officers of the Scots, slain,— 6 Hurt,— 8 Officers of the French, slain and hurt. Coll. Shattilloones Regim. slain. ensign De Faij. Hurt. Lieutenant De Montagurt. Coll. Hawtreves Regiment. slain. captain Bezin. Lieutenant Jsabella. ensign De Bresinella. Hurt. captain Berringham. Lieutenant De Ville. Colonel Candale Regiment. slain Lieut. colonel De Teaux. captain Fovillous. captain De Fresue. Lieutenant De Boys. Lieut. De Faij. Lieut. De Grages. Lieut. De Paielle. Lieut. La Ruelle. Lieut. Payner. ensign De Saresener. Hurt. captain Croyer. sergeant Maior Vernennille. Lieutenant De Forgies. Capt. Mannus his ensign. ensign De Preane. Col. Maysomtres Regiment slain. captain Veleter. Lieutenant Charlet. Hurt. Lieutenant Croyer. Lieut. Brovillard. Lieut. Varde. Officers of the French, slain,— 16 Hurt,— 11 Walloons Regiment. slain. captain Margure. Lieutenant Boune. ensign Calvert. Hurt. Lieutenant Tistinck. ensign Fovillous. Walloons, slain and hurt, 5 Count Solmes Regiment. slain. slain. ensign Newlanit. Count Hannohs Regiment. slain. Count Hannoh. Officers of the Dutch, slain,— 2 Officers slain,— 48. Hurt,— 52. in all, slain and hurt,— 100. FINIS.