A MOST true RELATION OF THE affairs OF CLEVE AND GVLICK,  
As also Of all what hath passed this last summer, since the most Excellent and Victorious Prince, MAVRICE of NASSAV, took the field with his army, encamping before Rees in cleveland: and the loss of weasel, taken in by the Marques SPINOLA:  
unto the breaking up of our army in the beginning of December last past. 1614.  
With the Articles of the Peace, propounded at SANTEN.  
By henry Peacham.  
Creditis avectos hostes?—  
— Sic notus Vlysses?  
LONDON, Printed by W. Stansby for John helm, and are to be sold at his shop in Saint Dunstans Church-yard, under the dial. 1615.   


Stirps GVLIELMIADVM generosa, Scientia COCI,  
WELBEI probitas, OGLAEI bellica virtus:  
Antea diversis dede rant quae singula nomen,  
Cuncta modo in meritos coëuntunius honores.  
Henritus Peacham.    

TO THE truly honourable, SIR John OGLE KNIGHT, colonel OF A REGIMENT OF foot, under the Lords the Estates of the united Provinces: And Lord governor of the Forces in the town of utrecht.  
My Lord,  
TO give testimony of my thankfulness unto you, for many favours, and your honourable respect of me, I present you with this, the fruit of my leisure, for the which also I am beholden unto you since my return from the army before Rees; not that, as some may imagine, I meant to carry pearls into Persia, or owls to Athens, bring you news of that you know already, better then myself, being interested in this, as in all other the most important actions that concern the Field in these united Provinces, having had your Regiment in the army, and these things done in a manner before your door; but that, whatsoever I haue seen with mine own eyes, or received by sound Relation of others, might under your name win a better reputation with the World, to whom I do assure me, for your sake such as it is it will be welcome. The occasion of it was the satisfaction of many honourable and my worthy friends in England, who desired me at my coming over( as it is commonly the parting request of friends) to writ such news as happened, yea though a private journal of things of small moment seen or done vpon the way, which haue also their delight as well as the most serious affairs. For their sakes haue I done it, as also for mine own private recreation in the army, who haue been ever a professed enemy unto idleness; I take my leave, from BREDA in Brabant.  
Your Lordships truly. henry PEACHAM.   

To the Reader.  
THere being come unto my hands this last Summer( at my being in the Low Countries) a ridiculous and lying Pamphlet, touching this present subject; for the love I ever bare to sacred truth, and the satisfaction of many good spirits, who though they rest at home, as vpon their Center, yet haue their motions in the remotest parts: I haue published this little, but true, discourse of such actions and occurrences as haue been worthy the observance since either army advanced to the field in the Countries of Cleue& Gulick,( whereof myself haue for the most part been an eyewitness) being loth to take vpon credit more then I might well answer, knowing well enough the danger in meddling ouer-far in affairs of State, and business of Princes, which only regard hath caused me to touch some things more tenderly then perhaps I would, desiring herein rather to resemble the cork, by swimming lightly above, then the hook, by diving too deep to fasten myself where I could not easily get well off. So that onely I haue contented me with the bare narration of what is past, even to the last day of the treaty at Santen. What is like hereafter to ensue, Time will determine, which I had rather he should do then I, because I verily beleeue the blame will fall vpon him. Farewell good Reader, whosoever.  
Henry Peacham:   

A MOST true RElation of the affairs of CLEVE and GVLICK.  
THat I may not with any tedious impertinence of searching the causes of these motions from the revolution of the heauens, and conditions of all things here below subject to mutability, add( as it is sometimes affencted) an ambitious frontispiece to a poor house and as Mountebanks wrap up mean trifles in many papers; I willingly omit Preface, which as a slow Porter, oft times keeps us without till wee haue lost our stomachs: and come to our intended Discourse, raising up( as it were by the roots) the first ground of difference concerning the now questioned Title of Cleue and Gulick.  

The pedigree of the Dukes of CLEVE and GVLICK.  
ABout an hundred yeares since( conditionally the lands of Cleue, Gulick, mark, Bergh, &c. should for ever remain united) there was a marriage solemnized between John the son of John Duke of Cleue, earl of mark, and Lord of Rauenstein, and mary the daughter and heir of William Duke of Gulick, of Bergen, and of Rauensberge, who had issue, one son, and three daughters, viz. Hans Willem, Sybilla,( who married John Frederick Duke of saxony, vpon condition also, that if the former John and mary should die without issue male, all the lands should descend vpon this Sybilla, and John Frederick her husband, and their heires, shee giuing a piece of money to her other sisters) Anna and Aemilia, who died issuelesse. Now Hans Willem succeeding, Anno 1546. married mary of Austria, the daughter of King Ferdinand, after Emperour, and obtained from Charles the Fifth, that if he should decease without heires males by this mary his wife, that the lands should descend to the daughters begotten by him of the said mary; which decree was also confirmed by the ensuing Emperours, Ferdinand, Maximilian, and the late Rodulph. He had issue by mary; First, Charles Frederick, who died in italy unmarried: Secondly, Hans Willem, Bishop of Munster, who succeeded, but died also without issue: Thirdly, mary Helionora: Fourthly, Anna M gdalena: Fifthly, Magdalena: Sixthly, Sybilla. mary Helionora,( the third child) who married Albert Frederick Duke of Prussia, with assurance also vpon the marriage, that if Hans Willem and his wife died without issue male, that then these lands should descend vpon this his eldest daughter, married to the Duke of Prussia, and her heires, he giuing to the other sisters a piece of mone●, but that to bee levied of his own goods, and not of the lands of Gulick or Cleue. And all this was onely to unite these lands more strongly together. This mary died a year before her brother, leaving issue by the Duke her husband four children: viz. Anna, married to John Sigismond, Duke of Brandenburge, the chief Competitor, one other daughter married to the old 
That is, Elector.  Cueruorst, a third to the Duke of Curland, a fourth to the Lord Hans Zorgien, Duke of saxony, brother to the Cuervorst,( or Elector.) The 4. and second daughter, Anna Magdalena, Anno 1574. married to Philip Lodouick Duke of Newburgh, by whom shee had issue four sons, besides daughters: viz. Wolfgang Willem, eldest, and one of the Competitors, Otho Henrick, John Frederick, and Augustus. Magdalena, the 5. and third daughter, Anno 1579. married with the palsgrave, John Duke of Zuyburge, the Duke of Newburghs brother, by whom shee had issue, three sons, and some daughters. Sybilla of Cleue, the 6. and fourth daughter, Anno 1610 married Charles of Austria, Marckgraue of Burgou, the son of Ferdinand of Austria, and is yet without issue. Of these two youngest there is not any question. Now it may be conjectured, since mary Helionora died a year before her brother Hans Willem the late Duke, Wolfgang Willem( that is the Duke of Newburge) son to the second sister Anna Magdalena, claims these lands in his mothers right, as next of blood to the late Duke at his death, and his sister; whereas Anna wife to the Duke of Brandenburge was but his niece. And the said Anna claims them as more vpon her by descent, as also by what particular interest was estated vpon her by her Grandfather Hans Willem in his life time. And me thinks Anna should succeed: for so did our Richard the second before his vncles, notwithstanding his father, the black Prince, died before his grandfather. But this succession per Saltum, hath sometimes weighty reasons in some Countries, where remaineth any freedom of the Subiects election( beside the right of descent) where they find it may profit or prejudice the common good.  
Now the Duke of Cleue being dead, and Leopoldus in possession of the town and Castle of Gulick, or Iuliers, for his Master the Emperour; the Kings of Great britain, France, and the Estates of these united provinces, thought it not fitting that he should nest himself there, to the prejudice of the lawful heires or competitors. Wherefore his majesty of Great britain, with the Estates, sent a puissant army under the conduct of that brave Scipio of our age, the victorious Prince Maurice of Nassau, who after no long, but a forcible siege, took both the town and Castle, in the year 1610. Which done, it was consented unto and agreed, that a company of either Competitor Prince should remain in the town, now become neutral, till the right were adiudged, under the command of Pithan, a Germaine, as captain of both, having command of the Castle. But Neuburg, whether having the States in iealousy, or relying vpon the strength of his own Title, or through a vindictive resolution,( which seemeth to be the truth indeed) after Pithan had complained of some secret practise of his, contrary to the former agreement,( as it is reported) began new plots, and by many secret means endeavoured to be himself wholly possessed of the Castle. The States understanding of his designs, strengthened it again with new troops. Neuburg seeing his hopes now frustrate, and no likelihood of gaining an absolute possession of the same, grows discontented, changeth his Religion, marrieth the Bishop of Collens sister, daughter to the Duke of Baueir, whose banner he borroweth, and with whose purse he levies great troops, begins to take the field, and in this discontent fortifies Duisseldorpe, but yet under a colour of providing for his own person.  
The States not sleeping, sent out Prince Henry with a strong convoy of horse, to bring more companies into Gulick, which with those that were in before, amounted to about 2500. men. Neuburg seeing this, adheres to the Spaniard, who undertakes the cause, makes Spinola his general, who having gathered a mighty army together, the best of his old souldiers from all his Garrisons in those parts, besides many companies newly taken in, makes his rendez-vous at Maestricht, under a colour of executing the Emperors ban against Acon and Mullem: whereupon he makes a great Bridge at Maestricht, and another at Rhine-berck; but these were as well to amuse the world, and to give an occasion of distraction in opinion which way he would turn head, as for necessary use. Yet by means of that at Rhineberck he had the river at command. After he had taken in Acon, he came within Cannon shot, or not much further, before Gulick, where he lay two or three daies, onely for a colour, and to give no mistrust to those, whom he intended to visit ere they expected him. In the mean time having secured the Rhine above, for his designs, he sends his provision and baggage down the same, which, then leaving Gulick with all speed possible he meets at weasel.  
The States all this while took no hot alarm, but only made provision for the army, and al things necessary thereto belonging, to be in a readiness at an hours warning. Yet hereupon arose sundry opinions and doubts, of most places of the Netherlands: those of the frontiers of Gelderland, the Betow, and other places, desired the army with all speed: others were of opinion they were in no danger at all; and the most were indifferent. But the wisdom of his excellency( who best could find the old fox by his tract, and better discern this cloud then any other) knew a storm would light ere long somewhere; wherefore, not attending the resolutions of all, and opposing himself strongly against the persuasions of some; he marched presently forward, neither could any certainty be agreed of, until he was come as far as Arnhem in Gelderland, where was brought the first news unto him that weasel was taken, not without suspicion of treachery within: for they might very well haue held out, till his Excellence had relieved them, which would haue been within two dayes, or three at the most.  
From Arnhem, his Excellence marched toward Schenck Sconce, a Fort of great strength and import, lying at the mouth of the Rhine, as it divides itself, one part towards Arnhem, retaining his name; the other towards Nieumegen and Bommel, losing it, being called Vahalis, or the Wael, where the whole army united itself into one body, to the number of betwixt eleven and twelve thousand foot, which made one hundred and four and thirty Companies, and three thousand horse, two thousand and five hundred whole armed, five hundred Bedets, fit and ready for service, if need required, but not whole armed. So exquisite and brave an army, for the choice of able bodied men, and resolute spirits, so well clothed and armed, and generally so well exercised in the use of their arms, to the great commendation and honour of their chiefs and Commanders, that these many yeares the like hath not been sheen in these Countries, wanting nothing but an enemy, to give testimony of their valour, yea though he were double their number.  
The Rendez vous being at Skenck Sconce, vpon the seventh of September, 1614. The army marched from hence to 
Or Eltenbergh.  Elten on the Hill in cleveland, they being divided into three main bodies, which made the vanguard, the battle, and the rearward.  
The first body was led by the Illustrious Prince Maurice himself, containing six Companies of his own guards: nine and twenty Companies of Sir Horace Vere, Lord governor of the Brill his Regiments: eleven Companies of Colonel Ogles Regiment, and thirteen Companies of walloons, of Count Iohns Regiment.  
The second body was led by Count William of Nassau, and contained sixteen Companies of French, of Monsieur Chastillions Regiment: sixteen Companies of Courtemers, and eleven Companies of Frizons.  
The third body led by Count Ernestus, Marshall of the army, contained ten Companies of Scots, of the Regiment of colonel Broge: ten Companies more of Scots, of the Regiment of colonel Henderson. twelve Companies of Sir Edward Cecils Regiment, who was general for his majesty at Iuliers, and nine Companies of almains.  
This goodly and brave army, being come to Eltham, a little town, standing vpon a great and high Hill, about two Duch miles from Schenke Sconce( where may bee seen the goodliest prospect one of them, I think in the World, for variety of Landschap) it marched to Emerick( or Embrick) whither being come by one or two of the clock in the afternoon, they lay all night before the town: on the next day, being the eighth of September, the town yielded to his Excellence, who put a good Garrison into the same, the companies of Count Hohenloo, and the young Lord of Brederod.  
The afternoon this day, the army removed to the north-west of the town, where it continued that night, and all the next day, building in formal order, expecting a longer stay there.  
Vpon the tenth of September, Prince Maurice marched away betime in the morning, his division having the vanguard, Count earnest the battle, and grave William the rear, thinking without doubt to haue encountered the Marques Spinola, near unto the town of Rais, whom wee understood was coming by that way, to fierce the town, because he was defeated of his purpose the day before, attempting to surprise it on the sudden, with certain of his troops sent from weasel in sloopes or long boats, down the river of Rhine, who were by those of the town well beaten back, with some few slain. But not being so happy as to meet with him, wee quartered on the North northeast side of the town, where the army remained till the breaking up thereof.  
Vpon the eleventh of September, the Companies were drawn forth before the town of Reis, which for a small time stood out, insomuch as certain Waggon-men( or Voer-men, as they call them) being with some Souldiers in an Hop garden, by the walls of the town, were shot; whereupon his excellency himself on horse-back, went to the Gates, and  told them vpon the Walls, that if they discharged even but one shot more, he would beate the town about their ears, and give the spoil to the Souldiers: hereupon( though with much difficulty and doubt) they yielded.  
Vpon the twelfth day, his Excellence drew out of the army, about 400. foot, who with the Companies of Lambert Charels, governor of Nieumegen, took in these towns ensuing, viz. Colker, Ravenstein, Kennop, and Gough, and returned the same night unto the army.  
Vpon the thirteenth of September, his Excellence sent out seven hundred to take in greet.  
Vpon the fourteenth and fifteenth of September, his Excellence( at the request of the Princes Brandenburg and Newburg) considering the pitiful estate of the country, spoiled and harried by either army, to haue them dissolved, sent monsieur Marquette, lieutenant general of the Horse, and the captain of his Guard, to treat with Spinola about it, who refusing the same without the giuing over of Gulick, which his Excellence understood not to appertain to this yeares action, by reason the States haue held it these four yeares for some private and important consideration, sent for more Companies, and continued the treaty. Whereas Spinola had made fortifications at both ends of his bridge,& was in hand with a sconce without the town of weasel, ground was laid forth to do the like at the end of our bridge, on the other side of the Rhine against Rais, but not resolved vpon.  
The eighteen and nineteenth of September, his Excellence with all the quarter Masters, went up the river of Rhine, on the farther side, to view ground for new quarters, which was appointed, but after neglected, by reason it was said Spinola purposed to march and winter his men in Mark-land, whom, if he did, his Excellence purposed to follow.  
On the twentieth, one and twentieth, and two and twentieth day: All lay still, and nothing attempted. Vpon the three and twentieth day, his Excellence drew forth his whole army of foot, and put them into Battaglia, which was a goodly sight, to see a large and spacious field, late laden with ears, now with arms, the air depainted with so many sundry colours, so many Pikes advanced, that they seemed a mighty and moving wood, the order and resolution of so many gallant Souldiers, that now I believed that saying, and found it true, That a brave army is the best of the three fairest sights in the World.  
It was ordered and disposed in this manner. The vanguard( as also the battle and rear) consisted of a vanguard, battle, and rear, Prince Maurice his guards, and ten Companies of Sir Horace Veres, making the vanguard of the vanguard, in two bodies, each distant from the other an hundred foot, either body being again divided into four divisions, or quarters, fifty foot each from either: the battle consisted again of two bodies, one containing eleven Companies of Colonel Ogles, being likewise divided into four divisions, fifty foot asunder, the other nine Companies more of Colonel Veres, being three hundred foot backward, and distant one from another 400. foot, a space to receive the vanguard if occasion required: the rear six hundred foot behind the battle, and opposite to the vanguard, consisted of twelve Companies of walloons in one body, divided as the other into four divisions, fifty foot distant, so that the vanguard( as the battle and rear) stood in form of a cross, according as I haue described it.  
The battle, observing the same form in all respects, had in the vanguard ten Companies of Colonel Broges, and ten of Hendersons. The battle of the battle consisted of twelve Companies of general Cecils, and four Companies of almains,( distant from the battle of the vanguard two hundred foot standing even against it) in the rear of the battle were the rest of the almain companies. The vanguard of the rear, consisted of sixteen companies of Courtemer, a French Colonel: the battle, of sixteen companies of Chastilions: The rear of the rear, of eleven Frizon companies.  
The vanguard was 4292. strong, the battle 3824. the rear 4066. and the entire breadth of this Order, as they stood ready to fight, 2800. foot.  
The four and twentieth of September, a prayer was said throughout the army, for the preservation and success thereof, as also throughout all the united provinces of the States.  
The five and twentieth day, Nothing observed.  
The six and twentieth, the Horse containing eight and thirty troops, with those of Brandenburgs, were shown in the field in order of fight: their manner was in form of a Pile or wedge, called of the old Romans, Cuneus, narrow in the front, and dispreading themselves broad in the wings. In the front were the troops of Prince henry of Nassau, and Rijhouen: next to those the troops of Megang, Wagenman, and Marcellus Bax: the distance of ground from the right wing of Megang, to the left of Bax, was 1370. foot. Behind those, the troops of Stalkenburg and Marquette, possessing the distance of 2040. foot. Then the troops of Vanderwel, and Smelsange, having the distance of 2520. foot. Last of all Villebon, and John Bax, in distance 3000. foot, which was the entire breadth of this Order.  
September the seven and twentieth, his Excellence at night sent four and twenty troops of his own, and six of the Marques of Brandenburgs, with four or five hundred foot in wagons, commanded by Count henry, into Merck-land, whither two companies of Dragounes, and one of Carbines, were sent before, with which forces they took in the towns hereafter name.  
His Excellence sent Rocolier, a sergeant Maior of the French, unto Gulick, with orders to draw the Companies from thence, and to take in the towns thereabouts, hereafter name.  
September the eight and twentieth, Prince Maurice, in case Spinola should stop or hinder any of these forces, sent command that all men should keep their quarters, and be ready vpon any sudden warning to march after them if need required.  
September the 29. and 30. order was given that no soldier or Officer should depart the army without his Excellences pass, and that no soldier or wagon should go out for forage without convoy.  
Vpon the first of October, about seven a clock in the evening, ten Companies of colonel Broges Regiment, and three of the Suisses or Amaines, had their quarters burned by mischance. How or where the fire began, it is uncertain. They say, by the carelessness of a Suisses wife, who throwing a candle and candlestick at her husbands head, being both drunk, let it alone in the straw till it had fired the quarter, which we beholded from the beginning to the end, being at supper near the place.  
About this time, or shortly after, the Boores of the country acquainted his excellency with the danger the whole army was in of drowning, if the enemy should cut the bank of the river by Bislick, which three or four might easily haue done in two houres: wherefore he appointed certain troops to watch thereabouts every night. The water so much now began to increase, that Sir Horace Veres quarter removed to the other side of the Rhine, by the bridge of boats laid over against Rais, by which I took the breadth of the Rhine there, which was six hundred of my paces.  
On the second day of October, at the instance of Neuburgs Ambassador, who was come to his Excellence before to accept the conditions first offered, it was on both sides agreed, that after twelve a clock the same day, there should be no more taking in of towns on neither side, till the intercedent Princes had compounded their differences; and lay still.  
On the third and fourth daies of October, the Ambassador of England, Sir Henry Wooton, and the French Ambassador, La Refuge, came to the army, whom Prince Maurice met with four troops of horse, as I take it,( for they went so close, I could not well discern them) some three quarters of a mile from the army, conducting them into Rais, where they remained.  
Vpon the ninth day they were invited to Spinola's Leaguer, and that night went to weasel. The English Ambassador was received at the entrance into the quarter by Neuburg, and the marquis Spinola, who, attended on by many Gallants, Italians and Spaniards, on horseback, met him there, and alighting off from their horses, and the Ambassador coming out of his Coach, saluted one the other: and after some few compliments, they mounted him on horseback, and led him between them thorough their quarters into marquis Spinola his Tent, with the principal of their followers, where they remained till dinner was brought in, what time Neuburg and Spinola brought him in to dinner. The first quarter was Sir Griffin Markhams, a little within which was raised a plate, whereon were planted three pieces of Ordinance, which were discharged as they passed by. The foot stood also in troops, five deep, the pikes on the one side, and the shot on the other, in their 
That is, 24. foot distant, to avoid the Cannon where it plays among troops close together.  open open order, discharging by volleies as they passed. The horse being Carbins and Lanciers about twenty troops, veiled the Cornets, and discharged their Pistols as they passed. The whole number of horse and foot thus standing, was guessed to be about seven thousand. But ere I pass further, know the sum and strength of the enemies army as well as our own.  

The marquis Spinola's army.  
Ambrosius Spinola, marquis of Venafri, an Italian, general.  
Don Lewes de Velasco, a Spaniard, general of the Horse.  
Bartholomaeo Zanchez, Lieutenant general of the Horse.  
The Count of Bucquoy, general of the artillery, but not present in person.  
Monsieur Wingard, Lieutenant general of the artillery.  
balthasar Lopez, sergeant Maior general.   

Colonels of Spaniards.  
Don Iuego de Boraga, governor of the Castle of Andwarpe.  
Simon Antonius.  
Don untrodden de Menesis.   
Each hath twelve Companies in his Regiment, every Regiment containing a thousand men, so that the Regiments of Spaniards are three thousand.  

Italians.  
Marcello Giudice hath only twelve Companies, consisting of 1900.  
Wallouns, or those of Artois and Hennegou.  
The Count of Holstrate,  
Monsieur de Mottry,  
Monsieur Gulsene.   
Each hath fifteen Companies in his Regiment, every Regiment containing 3000. men, in all 9000.  

Burgonians.  
The Baron of Balanson, colonel of eight Companies, in all 1000.   

almains.  
The Count of Embden, colonel often Companies, in all 3000.   

Irish.  
The Baron of Dungannon, Tyrones son, colonel of eight Companies, wherein are a thousand Irish. So that the sum of Spinola's army is 18900.   
The English ambassador having remained a small time at weasel, returned back, and came to Santen, the appointed place for the treaty, where he with the other Ambassadors lay until about the latter end of november, all which time was spent in sundry overtures on either side, and drawing these ensuing Articles as indifferent as possibly they could devise for either party, whereby an absolute and final peace might be concluded, as well to avoid the shedding of Christian blood, as the miserable vastation of the country, which was in so short a time so harried and spoiled, that the poor Inhabitants had little left them save their bare houses. To which Articles the Duke of Neuburge set to his hand, but Spinola making many excuses and delays, drove off the time from day to day, which our ambassador perceiving, would brook no longer, but hastened and determined forthwith to depart. Spinola perceiving it, sent Count Octauio, an Italian, Post in the night( the gates of weasel for that purpose being left open for him) to Santen, to entreat him to stay but till the next night, in which time he assured him a messenger would come from brussels, by whom he should know the Archdukes mind. Our Ambassador( to use his own word) being won by Spinolaes civility, stayed till that night, in which time there came indeed a courier or Post from brussels, with Letters from the Archduke,( notwithstanding Peckius was in the treaty at Santen as his agent) by which Letters the Archduke seemed to like and allow very well of the Articles, intimating withall his consent thereunto, in general terms, as, saying he would accord and sign, but did not. Spinola made show likewise to allow of them. But touching that Article& point, of quitting the engarnisond towns, as weasel, and the rest, his answer was, he knew not the King of spain his master his pleasure, and for his own authority, it was not sufficient and strong enough. Hereupon the Ambassadors seeing all their labour in vain, and Spinola intending nothing else then to gain time by playing fast and loose in this manner, returned, nothing to any purpose( as you see) in many weekes effected.  
A day or two after Sir Henry Wooton, our Ambassador, returned, which was about the first of December, or latter end of november, the army of Prince Maurice broke up, every company returning to his Garrison, having lain in the field very near four moneths, viz. from the eleventh of September unto the second of December, having endured much by reason of the unseasonableness of the weather and dirtinesse of the place, being subject to every inundation and overflowing of the Rhine, insomuch that on the very day of their departure, the souldiers marched to the ships almost up to the knees, and the waggonmen were glad to let their wagons swim to save their horses.  
This is the sum of this last yeares business in cleveland, which hath so filled the world with rumour, and those Countries with fear. What this year will produce, event must show. He that is acquainted with the Spaniard, and the policy of Spinola,( being the most able general he hath had in the Low Countries these many yeares) will not imagine that he will give weasel over in hast, having fortified it in that manner he hath done, and daily doth by all means possible. I rather beleeue( and truly) with Prince Maurice, that he purposeth to make it( to use his own phrase) Sedem belly, the home of his army, and seat of his intended war against the low Countries, having gotten footing on this side the Rhine, and a faire way into Freezland, which he hath long aimed at, beside some advantage vpon the Frontier parts of Gelderland, Schenk-sconce, and the Betow. As for Rees and Embrick, they are esteemed by him as balls played withall for a time, and recovered not with much difficulty, if occasion required. Where beside, the Iesuites and jesuited burghers, very likely, may prove his friends, as appeared lately by their sundry and open affronts done unto Vtenhouen the governor about exercise of the Protestant Religion, setting up Edicts and Plaecaets vpon the Gates, with threatening of banishment and confiscation of goods to whosoever of the town of Embrick should come to Protestants prayer or Sermon.  
But, Quicquidid est, timeo DANAOS & dona ferentes.   

The names of such towns as marquis SPINOLA hath taken in this last Summer in CLEVELAND and other places.  

Aken.  
Duren.  
Sounkfol.  
Dalen.  
Barken.  
Castrum.  
Grauensberch.  
Hensberch.  
Sitterts.  
Drusbech.  
Orson.  
Dinxlaken.  
weasel, before our army came up.  
Santen, since our Rendez-vous at Schenksconce.  
Braggon.    

The towns Prince MAVRICE hath taken in.  

Embrick.  
Rees.  
Colker.  
Gough.  
Rauenstein.  
Kennop.  
greet.  
Linick. Which Spinola had by those of Gulick.  
Hamuach. Which Spinola had by those of Gulick.  
Older houen. Which Spinola had by those of Gulick.  
Titts. Which Spinola had by those of Gulick.  
Randlerood. Which Spinola had by those of Gulick.  
Andermach. Taken in by grave Hendrick.  
Ham. Taken in by grave Hendrick.  
Soust. Taken in by grave Hendrick.  
Lunen. Taken in by grave Hendrick.  
Onne. Taken in by grave Hendrick.  
Lipstots. Taken in by grave Hendrick.  
Hurst. Taken in by grave Hendrick.  
Cleue was possessed by Brandenburg before our army came up.    

The names of our English Captaines and Commanders at this present in the Low Countries.  

Sir HORATIVS VERE Lord governor of the BRILL.  
Lieu. Colonel Metkerck.  
Sir Edward Vere.  
Sir Thomas Gates.  
Sir henry Carew.  
Sir Thomas Dale.  
Sir henry Payton.  
Sir George Hollis.  
Sir Thomas Dutton.  
Sir John Vere.  
Sir Robert Carew.  
Sir Thomas Mewtas.  
Sir William Louelake.  
Sir Edward Harwood.  
captain cook.  
captain Woodhouse.  
captain Bingham.  
captain Lindley.  
captain burrow.  
captain Ashley.  
captain miles.  
captain Mason.  
captain Dexter.  
captain Conway.  
captain Rookwood.  
captain win.  
captain Holcroft.  
captain everard.  
captain Pigot.  
captain Connock.  
captain Zouch.  
captain Sellinger.  
Lieutenant   

colonel Cecil his Regiment.  
Lieutenant Colon. Pagenham.  
sergeant Maior Proud.  
Sir Barnard Dewhurst.  
Sir Gerard halberd.  
captain Wigmore.  
captain Zouch.  
captain Spry.  
captain Courtney.  
captain Slingsby.  
captain clerk.  
captain Blundel.  
captain Corbet.  
captain Butler.   

colonel Ogle his Regiment.  
Sir Charles Morgan Lieutenant colonel.  
Sir Thomas Panton sergeant Maior.  
Sir Christopher Cleue.  
Sir John Burlary.  
captain friar.  
captain Shelton.  
captain Orell.  
captain F. Woodhouse.  
captain ram.  
captain Huntley.  
captain Roger Orme.  
captain Spenser.   
Whom for honours sake I haue here set down, being all either renowned for valour, or love of Arts,& to whom( for the most part) I am much beholden.    

The Articles agreed vpon at SANTEN.  
ARticles agreed vpon amongst the Ambassadors of the Kings, Princes, and Potentates vnderwritten, vpon the controversies happened betwixt the most Illustrious, High, and mighty Princes, George William, Marques of brandenburg, Duke of Prussia, &c. on the one side; And Wolfgang William, county Palatine, Duke of Newburgh, &c. on the other side: Concerning the government and provisional Administration of the Countries of Gulick, Cleue, and other, being of the succession of the late Duke of Cleue. Which Articles haue been set down by writing after many several conferences held by the said Ambassadors, both amongst themselves; and with those that haue been thereto committed by the said Princes of brandenburg, and Newburgh, and vpon the consent of the said Princes, to the most part and chiefest of the said Articles.  
And to the end to cut off many light difficulties, which might lengthen the Treatise begun for a final agreement, and consequently continue the oppression of the people of the said Countries, hinder the re-establishment of the said Princes in the common Administration of the same, and through the stay of the Armies and Garrisons bread diuers suspicions and inconveniences, to the great prejudice of the common peace. It hath been thought good that the said Articles should be presented by the aforesaid Ambassadors to the said Princes, and that they should bee entreated to conform themselves thereto, and to accept of them for their own good and quiet, and that of the said Countries, and of all christendom, vpon promise of the said ambassadors, in the name of their Kings, Princes, and superiors, to maintain the said Princes of brandenburg and Newburgh, in the said provisional Administration, according to the said Articles.  

The Articles are these.  
ALL the Garrisons which haue been put into the towns, Castles, and other places of the dukedoms of Gulick, Cleue, and Bergh, earldoms of mark, and Rauensbergh, and Lordship of Rauenstein, taken by whomsoever, and under what pretext soever, even those which haue been put into the town and Castle of Gulick, and into the town of Weesel, shall be presently drawn out: and all the Munitions that shall bee found in the same, shall bee carried away by those that brought them in. Likewise, all the troops of both Armies shall retire themselves into their own Countries, without any pretension whatsoever in this behalf, and without doing any damage to the people of the towns, and Subiects of the said Duchies and Countries.  
The said Princes shall promise, to put never a place of the said Countries into the hands of a third, whatsoever he might bee, but to help one another against all such, as by force or otherwise should pretend any thing vpon the said Countries. Yet it shall be lawful for the said Pretendors to make their claim by friendly means, and course of Law. No Garrisons likewise shall bee put or established into any town or Castle of the said Countries, by any man whatsoever; unless it were by the common consent of both Princes: Who also for their guards and security of their persons shall keep at the most but fifty horse, and a hundred foot a piece.  
The fortifications made on both sides, in the said occupied places, since the month of May last, shall be thrown down and demolished, without being lawful for any man hereafter to repair them, or to fortify any place in the said Countries, until the final decision of the main matter.  
The Church-men, Officers, Gentlemen, and others, of what Religion, faculty, and quality whatsoever, which should haue been dispossessed of their benefice, Offices, Houses and Goods, or should haue been driven away, or had absented themselves through the ill correspondency happened betwixt the said Princes, shall bee re-established again into their said benefice, offices, charges, houses and goods, without any exception; and those that shal be found to haue been heretofore lawfully preferred to the said benefice and offices, according to the contracts, agreements, and conventions, made betwixt the said Princes, shall be thereto admitted; yet it shall not be lawful for any of the said common Officers to engage himself particularly to the service, more of the one then the other of the said Princes.  
All innovations, both in the estate of the Church, and in politic government, shall by Commissioners appointed by both Princes jointly be redressed and re-established, and all ordered henceforth according to the treaty of Dortmund and Hall, and to the Contracts and Declarations made vpon the same, with the common consent of the said Princes and States of the Land, so far forth as the said declarations shall not bee against the promise, made to the late most Christian King, henry the Great, of immortal and most glorious memory, by the said Princes of brandenburg and Newburgh, which in all points shal be thoroughly observed and followed, according as it is mentioned in the treaty of the reduction of Gulick; which Commissioners shall be chosen by the said Princes of men of quality, and of means, dwelling in the country, and having interest in the public Peace and quiet, and shall bee name within a month after the date of this present Treatise. And if one of the said Princes should fail to name any within the said time, the execution of this present Article shall bee done by the Commissioners name by the other. And if it should happen that the said Deputies should bee in any doubt amongst themselves vpon the execution of the said Treaties, Contracts, Declarations, and promise, the states of the province, which the different shall concern, shall name two men of both Religions, which together with the said Commissioners shall aduise and resolve that which they shall judge most convenient according to the said Treaties, Contracts, Declarations, and promise.  
The said Princes shall haue their residence asunder in the said Countries, and to that end the same shall be provisional divided into two parts, without prejudice to their union, and to the Treaties of Dortmound and Hall. In the one of the said two parts shall be the dukedom of Cleue, the county of mark, Ravensteine, and the county of Rauenbergh, with all that belongeth and appertaineth to the Chancelrie, and Exchequer of Cleue, as also the Fees, Lands, and Lordships, seated in the dukedom of Brabant, and county of Flanders,& the said county of Rauenbergh, shall be severed from the Chancelrie and Exchequer of Dusseldorp, and joined to that of Cleue.  
And in the other part, shall be the dukedoms of Gulick, and Bergh, with all their appurtinances and dependences, vpon condition that the town and Castle of Gulick, with all the compass thereof, shall be put out of defence, and the said compass reduced to a simplo enclosure. In like manner, and at the same time, shall the new Fortification of the town Castle, and citadel, of Dusseldorp, be also broken and demolished. And for execution of the present Article, there shall bee a captain or Ingenior, name by each of the said Princes, to proceed to the said demolitions in all diligence, and without any intermission, and that at the charges of the Land.  
until the time that the Fortifications of Gulick and Dusseldorp, shall bee thoroughly demolished, the said two towns, and their Castles, and Citadels, shall bee put into the hands of the States of Gulick, Gleue, &c. which they shall commit to the gard and keeping of the same men of quality, faithful, and well affencted to the country.  
And to this effect, four men shall be name by the States of the Dukdome of Gulick, 2. of each religion, for to be 2. of them Captains, and the 2. other lieutenants,& by each of the Dukdomes of Cleue& Bergh, and the earldom of mark, 2. of both Religions, to be likewise the one a captain& the other a lieutenant, each of which Captains shall haue the command of 100. men, raised in the said Land, without admitting any stranger amongst them. Of these 5. Captains, 3. shal be ordained for the keeping of the town, castle,& citadel of Dusseldorp, for which they shall cast lots.  
The said Captaines, lieutenants, and Souldiers, shall promise and swear, to keep the said places well and faithfully for the country, until the entire demolition of the same, and to receive into the same no man whatsoever, that could enterprise any thing vpon them: As also to obey no command whatsoever, that should be made unto them, to the prejudice of the keeping of the place, that shall be committed to their charge, or of the demolition thereof. Which parts so divided, the said Princes shal cast lots for, and each of them shall govern that which shall befall him in the name of them both, and likewise all public writings in both the residences shall bee dispatched in the name of the said Princes jointly, under the hands of the Presidents of each Chancelrie, And a common seal of the said two Princes; about which they shall agree.  
Each Prince shall put in each of the two residences, two Presidents with four Councellors, and such number of Secretaries as shall bee found convenient by the Princes to serve as well in the Chancelrie as in the Exchequer, which Presidents shall preside by turns weekly, and for to begin as also for signing, the presidence shall bee continued to him that hath had it heretofore. And the law businesses and money matters shalbe determined by plurality of voices, without being lawful for any to address himself to either of the said Princes, to interrupt the course or execution of Iustice, or the businesses that shall bee there handled. But if any contention with the neighbours should arise whatsoever, shall be resolved vpon that behalf in the said Chancelries, shall not bee put in execution, without having been before communicated to each of the Princes.  
And if the Presidents& counsellors of one Chancelrie were divided in opinions, the business shall be examined again, and put in deliberation twice at two several daies, and if they were again divided, the Prince of the Residence with the Presidence, shall come betwixt them.  
The distributions of graces, offices, and benefice, in all the said Countries, shall remain to the said Princes; who shal dispose of them by turns monthly, according to their former conventions, and contracts, after a due information taken of the quality, life, and conditions, of the suitors, by the Counsellors of the Chancelries, which shall bee thereto appointed: and examination made of the said suitors, according to the ancient order. In the mean time, the bnfice that shall bee vacant, shall bee exercised by the next Churchman of the same Religion, and dignity, until it be disposed of by the Prince: And the said person shall enjoy the revenues belonging to the said bnfice, for the time that he shall exercise the same.  
And if it should happen that one of the said Princes should delay by the space of three months, to name capable men for the parsonages, and benefice, fallen void at his turn, it shall bee lawful for the other Prince in such a case to bestow the same to men of requisite qualities.  
The revenues of the said Countries shall bee divided equally betwixt the said Princes, after the payment of wages, rents, pensions, and ordinary charges, and each of them shall receive his share from the receivers thereto committed, and by order of the Exchecquers, without being lawful for one of them to dispose alone, and without the other of any part of the said revenues, nor make any diversion of the same.  
No contributions, or impositions, shall be raised nor ever asked in the behalf of the said Princes, without their common consent and allowance, and that which the States of the said Countries shal contribute, either of their own accord or at the instance of the said Princes, shall bee divided betwixt them equally.  
The accounts of the general and particular receivers, both for the time since the said communion and before, shall be examined, and after information taken by the Presidents or other thereto appointed by the Exchequer of the revenues of the said Countries, a true estate shal be made of the same, and the Leases, Morgagements, and Debts of the said Countries shall be examined and corrected if need bee.  
The places where the Writings, and Registers, that concern the rights of both Chancelries, and Exchequers, are kept, shall bee exactly and diligently visited within a year from the date of this present treaty, by Commissioners thereto ordained by both Princes, and a general inventory of them shall bee taken, as also a special one of the titles, and writings, of the county of Rauensbergh, which shall bee left in the Chancelrie of Dusseldorp, when the originals shall bee taken away from thence to bee brought to the Chancelrie of Cleue: And he to whose lot the said country of Cleue shall fall, shall promise to restore the said writings unto him, to whom in the end Rauenbergh shall be adiudged.  
The effect of all Alienations, gifts, and morgagements made by the said Princes before the month of October last shall be suspended, until the decision of the main matter: but it shall bee lawful for the Prince that shall haue alienated, given, or mortgaged any thing out of the residence that shall befall him, to recompense as he shall think good in the compass of his residence, those to whom the said Alienations, Gifts, or Morgagements, should haue been made. And even the Lord Kettler for the Land and Barronery of Monioy; and that prouisionally and vpon condition, that for the time to come, the sum to which the things alienated, given, or engaged, shall amount, shall bee deducted vpon his half, in the revenues of the whole of the said Estates. And as for the alienations, and engagements, that haue been made since the beginning of the said month of October last, the things so alienated or mortgaged shall be restored again on both sides.  
The said Princes shall live and behave themselves in the said Countries jure familiaritatis, according to the treaties of Dortmund, and of Hall, to the contracts and to the privileges of the Countries, until the decision of the main matter.  
It is not understood by this present treaty that any reservations, offers, contracts, or other declarations, that the Princes may haue given or done heretofore in the behalf of any of the pretendors, to the succession of the said Countries, should be revoked, but to the contrary the same shall remain in the same force, and value, that they were in before the said treaty.  
The said Princes shall promise by the word of a Prince, and the officers of the said two Chancelries, and Exchequers, in which this present treaty shall be red, published, and registered, shall swear to keep, observe, and maintain the same inviolably, according to the form and contents thereof, and ●uen the said Princes to give good and due ratifications of the same within six weekes at the furthest. And if one of the said Princes should not satisfy thereto within the said time, the same being expired he shal be deprived of the liberty of casting lots,& to him which shall haue brought his ratification and notified the same to both the Chancelries of the said Countries, shall bee granted his choice of the residences aforesaid.  
Without expecting which ratifications, this present treaty shall bee executed in that which concerneth the departing of the Armies, and Garrisons, the demolition of the fortifications before mentioned, and the re-establishment of the innovations, vpon condition that at the same time that the Armies and Garrisons shall retire themselves; the town and Castle of Gulick, and the town, Castle, and citadel of Dusseldorp, shall bee yielded to the power of those, which shall haue been appointed by the States of the country for the keeping of the said places: And that for the good of public quiet, security of the common administration of the said Princes, rest, and ease of the subiects of the said Countries.  
Done and concluded at Santen the twelfth of november, 1614.  
Refuge, counselor of the most Christian King in his councils of State, and privy; and Am bassador of his majesty for the pacification of the controversies of Cle●e, Gulick, &c.  
Du Meurier, counselor of his most Christian majesty, and his ordinary Ambassador to the States of the united provinces, deputed to the same effect.  
henry Wooton Knight, Ambassador extraordinary of his majesty of great britain, for the pacification of the controversies of Gulick, &c.  
In the name of the Elector Princes, and united States of the Holy Empire.  
John Albert county of Solmes, and great master of the Palatinate electoral, &c.  
B. Buwinchansen de Walmerode counsellor in the counsel of the Lord Duke of Wittenbergh.  
In the name of the States general of the united provinces of the Low Countries.  
Derick Bas Alh-Ioachim, Mark de lidama of Xicholt, Ivan Goch, W. Borr van Emerongen. Ivan Hacrsolte.  
John Dickenson agent of his majesty of great britain to the Princes possessing.  
All ambassadors and Deputies of the Kings, Princes, and Potentates, which haue heretofore assisted the said Princes of brandenburg& Newburgh in their provisional establishment in the country of the succession of the late Dukes of Cleue, &c.  
FINIS.