Letters containing sundry devices, touching the state of Flaunders and Portugal: Written by Card. Granuelle and others, and lately intercepted and published.  
Imprinted at London at the three Cranes in the Vinetree by Thomas Dawson, for Thomas Charred. 1582.   

Letters of the Cardinal of Granuelle.  

SIr provost my Lord the Prelate of saint Vastz brought me your letters of the 14. 
To the provost Morillon April. 1582.  of February, wherein you yield me sufficient testimony of the said Prelates sufficiency and good qualities, the which for the time that I have had here to deal with him, I find to be correspondent to your words. I have used him friendly, and have endeavoured to make him good cheer. I have also written to the court, there to procure him some good entertainment. I am sorry that here we be somewhat dry, howbeit we do (according as we ought) endeavour ourselves to win credit with strangers, at the least I will do the best I may, to let them understand of it. I have also very earnestly preferred the suit of his brother and of Secretary Vasseur and his father, and that is all I can do, being so far off. The matter is the less, seeing the county Egmond, and the L. of Champagney be yet in Gaunt, notwithstanding they be kept very straightly: for if they had been transported into Zealand, I fear we should never have had any good reckoning of them. If this wretched Orange had died of the blow, there had been better hope of their recovery. I remain still in the same fear as before: that is, that so long as the said Orange may and shall bear any sway, we shall hardly obtain the delivery of the said Lo. of Champagny.  
His Majesty hath written very earnestly to my L. the prince of Parma: but it was needless, considering how favourably of his grace he assisteth us. God send us shortly good news, & grant you (my L. Provost) the accomplishment of your desires: commending me heartily to your good remembrance.  
From Madrill, this 19 of April. 1582. Your good brother and assured friend. Ant. cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my Lord the povost of Air. Sir Maximilian Morillon, great Arch deacon of Malines, my good brother and friend.   
SIr provost, 

To the same man. April. 25. with his own hand.  I have no letter of your unanswered. As they writ out of France the prince of Orange is yet a foot, notwithstanding his hurt received by a young Biskain, who lost his life in this world in the enterprise. God peradventure keepeth him for an other purpose. Alancon triumpheth, but it will be without an Iron corselet. Non durabit as I hope: the month of May is not yet past. I do to my power solicit the sending of soldiers into the Low Countries, and especial go●d provision of silver. I assure you there is no want in thee, as not respecting how small thank I have of those of Hazienda: so that may be done which belongeth to the service of God, & the master, & the benefit of the poor countries. There is on all sides great preparation, as well by sea as by land, against those that would hurt us, and I hope that the French can not procure the arrival of the turkish army this year, how arnestly so ever they labour, as well by the ordinary ambassador that is at Constantinople as by an express messenger, whom the Queen mother hath sent by Marseyles: because that by letters, even lately received out of the east, we are assured that the Persians have of late given the Turks a shrewd blow, which much troubleth the Constantinopolitaynes: besides that the Turk laboureth all he may about sending away 4000 janissaries, and 3000 Spachies: and hath commanded two Sangiaques to be in readiness, and hasted the feast of the circumcision of the son, to the end, the better to intend to the said resistance, for that all hope of agreement is past, also in the Arsenal they work more slowly about the furniture of the navy. I hope my Lord the Prince, hath already delivered you the nomination of Turney, and the dean of Saint Gaul that of Malines, and I have written to Rome, by the former ordinary there to prevent, and there with my Auditor M. Leander Lana, and Blioul, he shall find all good address. I have also sent my procuration to resign, & by this ordinary do hope to send the copy. We have had a shrewd turn about the Pensions levied upon Turney, but we must for the time have patience, and look for remedy hereafter. I lodged here my Lord of S. Vastz, making him the best cheer I could, he is going towards Portugal, whether I have written (as I am bound) in his behalf, as also in the behalf of Secretary Vasseur, his father the Lord of Valhuon, and the little enfant: At the least I omit nothing for my part that I am able to do. My niece the La. of Ashey writeth unto me, that Vateville hath exhibited a petition to those of the Chamber of accounts of Dole, and sent another to the Exchequer in the low Countries, pretending a title to Verseiles, as the recompense of the late Lord of Peleux the father (being one of the Emperor's chamber) for all his service together with the loss of his goods in France for the Imperial majesties sake, as also for having his two sons slain, together with the death of my said Nieces second father, who perished in the battle of graveling, besides such consideration as is to be had of the service of the late L. of Ashey my nephew, together with his expenses in his master's affairs This request hath she sent unto you with the particulars thereto adjoined: heretofore you prevented my L. the prince, stick now therefore to it, that at this time Verseil may be hers, notwithstanding, presently you can not obtain the rest of that whereto her demand pretendeth. Desiring you to help her in what you well may.  
I have heretofore given you to understand, that the king hath given Don Francis the entry of Aspargosse de Lara which now is worth 3500. crowns, and will hereafter be better. He hath had word thereof sent into Burgundy, but I know not whether they found him there. For some do write that he had altered his mind for coming hither, and that he was determined to go to Fraunkfort to buy Horses, and so to serve in the wars in those parts, but I wot not whether this may cause him to take some other advice. I had here this Easter his brother and his people with me: I like him well, and he profiteth in study, I have conceived a good hope of him, and he liketh his master, and his master him. A Burgognion gentleman, named Monsieur of Thon goeth that way, and shall take acquaintance of you: his purpose as I hear is to take charge of my said nephew in stead of the L. of Vauldrey. If you please I pray you write unto me your opinion, whether you think it convenient. The King is gone to meet with his sister the Empress at Almerin, and from thence are to go to Lisbon, we shall see what will come of this interview.  
Thus hearty commending me to your good grace, I beseech the creator to grant you the accomplishment of your desires.  
From Madrill this 25. of April. 1582. Your good brother and assured friend, Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. the provost Morillon, great Archdeacon of Malines, my fellow brother and friend.   
SIr counsellor, 

To the counsellor of Assonuill. The 25. of April. 1582.  I have received your letter of the 25. of February, & have very willingly given audience unto my Lord, the prelate of S. Vastz. Having often conferred together, he is departed in post toward the king into Portugal.  
His Majesty liketh very well of the resolution of the reconciled estates, and in mine opinion they have laid a good foundation of change, in saying that their earnest request to be rid of strangers was only upon such hope as the others ministered of framing themselves to obedience, if they were gone, seeing that the resolution taken, and the sworn treaty, was the only ground of discharging them, as also that the others had showed great hope of accommodating themselves to them, and returning to obedience after the said strangers departure, which nevertheless they have not done, but do still persist in their obstinacy.  
The Prince of Oranges death will alter many of their minds: And the duke of Alenson having none of his own people about him, may perhaps repences that he ever came so far. The right way were, if the inhabitants of Antwerp for making their own peace (considering that my Lord the Prince doth yet offer them all favour, if they would but return and acknowledge themselves) would detain him prisoner, and deliver him into his majesties hands, to the end he might reward him as he deserveth. I solicit so much as possibly I may the speedy sending of men & money, which I hope will be done: the men do already march, and dealing for money goeth forward: I hope God will assist us notwithstanding, whatsoever hindrances they procure us. He is above all, and the readier he will be to help us, if we help our selves, as surely for the final wading thorough so many miseries, we must. Concerning your particular parson, Secretary Lalloo may very well testify, that I have done so much as you can require. Also by Spanish letters which I have written to his Majesty with my own hand. God grant you may as I desire reap some fruit. And this I assure you: My Lord the Prince hath as earnestly commended you as is possible.  
Thus heartily commending me to your good remembrance, I beseech the creator (sir Counsellor) to grant you your desires.  
From Madrill this 15. of April. 1582. Your good Gossip and friend Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. of Assonuille counsellor, and one of his majesties privy counsel in the Low countries.   
MAdam, 

To the Duchess of Parma the 27. of April. 1582. with his own hand.  I have answered all your highness letters that came to my hand, and do very desirously attend news from thence of your highness perfect recovery, to the end, to be eased of my care in that by the last I heard that the gout had not yet perfectly left you. God for his mercy send me shortly good tidings. The letters which lately we have had out of England putteth us in hope that we be delivered of the Prince of Orange, sith the 14. day after his hurt (as they writ thence) there was no more hope of his life, and the Q. of England was duly advertised from time to time of the state of his hurt. They say moreover, that he hath been grievously tormented as well with the pain of his wound, as also, with the pain that he hath been put to, partly by such incitions, as the surgeons have made to come to the bottom of the hurt, & partly by cauteries of tow for stopping of the blood: which yet they could not attain. It is pity he died not long since, together with a great number of his faction, namely. S. Aldegonde. His death will bread great alterations as is most like, & we look for news of what have since happened, and what course matters have taken. We hear that the duke of Anieow hath sent the P. Dauphin to the king of France for succour, we shall see what will come of it. I wots not what breach of war we look for, ●th the D. of Anicow doth all by the knowledge, consent and assistance of his said brother, as also he helpeth the Queen his mother, who openly joineth with Don Antony to make war against us. It is evident they would do more if they could. But we can have no help of our power, neither know it, or consider in what state those Bee that do on all sides disquiet us, yea so far as by procuring the discente of the Turks army, who I suppose verily would come, in case the Persian war, which yet continueth, did not let him, as having lately on that side had an overthrow of his people, whereupon, according to the last news, Constantinople was much troubled, and the said Turk hath sent into his frontiers new relief of two Sangiaques, with 4000 janissaries, and 3000 Spachies, notwithstanding they give out that they do attend an ambassador out of Persia, who should bring the conditions of peace, which I hope is but a voice to deceive them, and that he hath to do with a people that do fight in running away.  
My Lord of S. Vastz went this way, and by post continueth his journey toward the king, who is now at Almerin whether he went to meet the Empress, and my Lord the Archduke Cardinal is gone to receive her upon the confines of the kingdom. The said Abbot of S. Vastz seemeth a wary man, and such a one as can yield good account of the state of the Low Countries. I entertained him very well, and have commended him in the court, to the end they may so use him, that he may return well satisfied. I am well assured that for his part he will solicit the sending of soldiers and money for the pay: whereabout I have laboured these two months, calling upon it so much as I might. And already we have word from Sicill and Naples, that the power that should come thence, will march very shortly, so to join with Don Ferdinand of Tolete, who is yet in the Neapolitayn galleys at Calibry, while Don John of Cardoa, attendeth convenient time to pass the gulf: and in troth, he is very slack. So as the County Olivares, who is in the same galleys, is not yet gotten to Rome, to the great prejudice of the affairs: notwithstanding his Holiness hath already granted the subsidy, which he hath stayed these three years full under colour of the abstinence of war, which john of Marliano had concluded with the Turk. I do within these two days look for the Prince john Andrew Dorye, who returneth toward Italy with his Galleys, and the Duke of Ossuna goeth with him, who, as your highness may have heard, goeth as Viceroy to Naples. His Majesty and all his blood thanked be God, are in good health, and we wait what resolution they will take after their Majesties have been together, who are to return from Almarin to Lisbon, where (if I be not deceived) the King hath yet enough to do: for concerning justice, government, treasury, and such like concerning surety, I see nothing yet done to my liking: besides that, I wot not how his Majesty can without danger leave the Realm of Portugal. Our Navy is providing, but slowly according to custom, so as if want of money had not hindered Don Anthony & the Q. Mother of France, they had by this prevented us. The fear of the Turks army hath caused the levy of 6000. Almains in Tirol, who are to take shipping at Spetie: but if the Turks army cometh not, yet shall we not want place where to use them, if I may be believed. It is doubted whether the enterprise of Tercera shallbe executed this year, or whether they take any other order. God put into his majesties heart, that that may be for the best. It is still said, that the Imperial diet shallbe held at Auspburg, but I cannot think it, it began upon Sunday last, notwithstanding the purport of the letters of convocation. I suppose my L. the prince hath sent out of the low Countries some one to supply the place for the circuit of Burgundy: at the least, I gave knowledge of it at the Court a good while since, to the end thereupon to write to him what was best, together with my opinion.  
Your highness may have heard how it hath pleased his Majesty to nominate to the Bishopric of Turney Morillon, Provost of Air. Also that I have granted to discharge myself of the archbishopric of Malines, as that I can not be there resident, nominating thereto M. john of Auchin, dean of S. Gaul my official, who under the said provost of Morillon hath governed the said archbishopric many years. The favour which it pleased your highness to extend toward the said Morillon in testifying so well of him to his Majesty, for the which I most humbly and heartily thank you, together with the commendation of my said Lord Prince have been a good help to him herein, and certainly I hope that of the choice which his Majesty have made of these two persons, he shall be well served, and that when your highness shall know the said dean, yourself will be of the same opinion. It is above fifteen years since I first sued to his Majesty to discharge me of the said Church of Mallines, which as your highness knoweth I accepted full evil against my will. For I sufficiently did foresee what would ensue, as that by my absence his Majesty could not reap the fruits whereto he pretended by uniting the abbeys unto the bishoprics, which he did, to the end, the Bishops might have some oversight in dealing with the states of Brabant, for withstanding the prince of Orange, and other of his faction, that troubled the affairs: and the better to train the Abbots, who being abused by the said Prince of Orange, have given him opportunity to hurt both themselves and the rest. As for john of Sermillan, in whose behalf your highness have written, concerning the Abbey of Dane in your letter, dated the 17. of February, I have already written to Provost Foncq, who hath returned me an answer that it is already bestowed, I wot not on whom, without making his Majesty privy thereto, which he imputeth to the Counsellor of Assonuille, so that if it be bestowed, there is no more to say. I see no other matter at this time worth the troubling of your highness, than you understand by my former.  
Finally, most humbly and heartily commending me to your highness good grace, I beseech the creator, to send you a good, and long life.  
From Madrill, this 27. of April. 1582. Your highness most humble and bounden servant. Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my Lady, to her highness own hands.   

Most noble and most excellent Lord, right honourable.  

To the prince of Parma.  I Have answered all your excellencies letters, and since the blow given to the Prince of Orange here have comen none of your news. By England we have particularly heard the whole success of his hurt, in that this Queen's agences remaining in Antwerp, have been diligent in giving daily notice of all that have been incident to his hurt: and (as we have there learned) he lived for the space of 14. days after the blow in vehement torments, by reason as well of the grief of his wound, as also by the Anatomy which the Surgeons made by incisions, as if it had been in dead flesh, for the searching thereof, and seeking to help it: also by molesting him with fiery Cauteries, endeavouring to stop the vain, which they could not bring to pass: farther, that the 14. day he was in such case, as even his own familiars were past hope of life. There is no speech in what state the affairs of Antwerp remained all the while, saving that Alencon oft visited him, and that he made a short will. It can not possibly be, but that this hap will breed great alterations. God grant it be to our benefit.  
His Majesty trusteth, that your excellency will without fail help by all means possible to procure some good effect, by using such means (as you were determined) with the inhabitants of Antwerp and other towns, offering unto them (notwithstanding whatsoever their former committed offences) all pardon and courtesy, in case they will reclaim themselves: as also that you will not omit what so ever occasion, to be doing somewhat with such small force as you have, if opportunity may serve. All sending of speedy succour is daily called upon, and already out of Naples, Sicily, and Milan. We hear that men be providing, farther, that the Horsemen that were at Naples should presently march to Milan. The regiment of don Ferdinando of Tolete (which as I writ unto you shall not go with the other troop, but rather Peter of Paz) was yet at Colibre the 20. of this month, through the unreasonable slackness of Don john of Cardova, who seeketh to sail so sure. The provision of 40000. crowns appointed for victualling in Savoy, are already in the hands of Sanctius of Padilia. Also for fear of the turkish army, there are 6000. Almains levied, and shall take shipping at Spetie: which (this fear passed) may serve some other where, to which end, there are 76000. crowns already sent. I do by all means possible, call upon the provision of coin, as I have already written, which as I hope will be with profit.  
Don Antony, being openly assisted by the Q. mother, threateneth to depart toward the coast of Portugal, and thence to the isle of Terecra, and the Indies, in the beginning of May. Our army is providing more slowly than I could wish. I have already twice written to his Majesty.  
And I assure myself, your excellency shall shortly have answer. 
All this written in ciphers. ciphers.  I would it were already done, and might no longer hang in suspense, and have besought his Majesty.  
The ambassador john Babtista, affirmeth that Orendge remained the 14. day past hope of life. Others that come by sea, think him already dead. The ●aide john Babtista, saith moreover, that ●he prince Dauphin was gone to the French Court, there to solicit the brother to send aid: yea and that with hi●●peeches I wots not wherefore: for I am ●f that opinion, that Alenson doth no●●ing but what the mother and brother ●ill. I beseech your excellency, for a●●yding the spoil of the Country of Burgundy, to cause the Infantry and Horsemen that are levied in these countries, to march with all speed that may be towards Flanders, otherwise they will spoil all. Besides, if the French should come, they will serve as soldiers use to do in their own houses, and therefore I am still of that mind, that for the safety of that country, 2000 Swissers were very requisite, who being retained, until the power that is to pass ou● of Italy be come, might then be friendly dismissed with full payment, to the end, still to have them ready as need might require. And therefore considering the harm that those of the country do commit, this way would be the cheaper.  
The Prince john Andrew Dory is not yet arrived here, but I look for him within three or four days at the farthest.  
The Duke of Ossuna, is yet a● Pegnafiel: It is enough that we may say that he is onward of his way: fo● certainly he will make hastes: for i● he tarry long, I am persuaded tha● the Prince Dorie will not stay for him, whereby he may remain in Barcelone longer than willingly he would.  
His Majesty is at Almerine, where the most Noble Empress is to arrive the first day of May, or peradventure sooner.  
We shall see what great matters will ensue after this interview of the brother and sister. Farther, if I be not deceived, there is yet enough to do in Portugal before his Majesty can depart, in case he will leave all things in safety: for that in troth, there is much less done than I could well wish, as well concerning justice, and Policy, as any other taking of order in the affairs.  
His holiness hath granted the subsidy toward the maintenance of the Galleys. Also there is news freshly come from Constantinople, importing that the Turk hath lately received some new soil about the borders of Persia, whereupon Constantinople was in some care or heaviness.  
They hasten the feast of the circumcision of the son, to the end, to gather some coin which wanted. And the Turk hath sent a supply of 4000 janissares, and 3000. Spachles: besides that he hath made two of his Sangiaques to march with their power. For that many feared lest the speech raised, that the Persian sought for peace or truce, is but dissimulation. So as we hope, that notwithstanding the French soliclting, the Turkish army yet it will not come otherwise that it well be very small: but thereof we have as yet no certainty.  
Your excellency may have heard of the peace concluded between the Polaque and the Muscovite for 10. years. Also from Armue, we have by land heard good news, that the Portugese's have there overthrown many people of those quarters which purposed to have hurt them, and that they remained in his majesties obedience.  
The Abbot of S. Vastz hath been here: I have procured him good entertainment: he proceedeth on his journey in post, and seemeth to be a meet and serviceable person. I have provided him of what so ever I have thought might turn to his good entertainment and cherishing, & have not omitted to break my mind to him concerning my opinion in matters, to the end he might the better deal. I think certainly, that besides the letters which your excellency have received of Don Guillen of Saint Clement, you have also had letters out of Portugal, touching the affairs of the Imperial diet, wherein I refer myself, as having afore written my opinion at large.  
God keep and preserve your excellency, granting you good success in all your endeavours and enterprises.  
From Madrill this 26. of Apryll. 1582. Underneath was written. Of your excellency. The most affectionate servant. Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To the most noble and excellent Lord my right honourable L. the Prince of Parma, governor and captain general for his Majesty in the low Countries, of Flaunders & Burgundy.   


To the Marquis of Roubaisthe 16. of April. 1582.  MY L. the Prelate of S. Vastz, who arrived here this day, delivered me your letter of the 19 of February. I have already by sundry my L. the P. writings to his Majesty, heard of the holy resolution taken by the estates. Also that at your soliciting & by the which so fitly you propounded, together with your endeavours so well accommodated, what you by my L. and my L. precedent, with others of your setting on work, have been done. The inhabitants of Artoise have trod the path to the rest, whereof may redound great benefit to all the country, for the relleving them at length out of so many miseries. & you shall before these letters come to your hands, have notice of his majesties liking of the said resolution, together with those that have travailed therein: assuring you that I have not, nor do not omit any means in hastening your succour & furniture of coin. And besides the 400000 crowns mentioned in your letter, there is means made for 300000 more. I have done my endeavour to procure the setting down of an assured monthly sum, which should not be slacked: but there is more to do in finding the means, then in wishing the doing of it. It is still in hand, but I dare not put you in any assured hope before I see the devise in a better forwardness: at the least, I assure you, there is no want in me, and well I may say, that I do all that I may.  
As for such soldiers as appear at the moustre, & ordinarily in following their bamners, or when they come to handy blows, are absent▪ that is an ordinary disease, especially among such soldiers, as are in their own countries. I dare say the fall is not in you, and what soever cometh to your notice, you would willingly redress: for besides the respect that ought to be had to the master's service, by such means you venture your own parson, together with other captains in great danger. For weening to have your number of enrolled soldiers, for want thereof you are the weaker before your enemy, which may procure such danger as you may easily comprehend.  
I never saw the said Provost of S. Vastz before: but having conferred with him, besides the testimony with his works already do give, he seemeth in my opinion, a very serviceable person. He shall proceed on his journey to his Majesty, where he shall find part of that he hath in charge in a good forwardness, by means of such diligence as have been used. I am to thank you for such courteous offers, as it pleaseth you by your letter to make unto me: and for my part, for requital thereof, you shall always find me ready, and willing to do for you (as occasion shall serve) whatsoever I may.  
Finally, most heartily commending me to your good grace, I beseech the Creator, my L. to grant you the accomplishment of your desires.  
From Madrill this 16. of April. 1582. Wholly ready to do you service. Ant. cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. my L. Marquis of Roubais, Governor of Artoys and Hesdin.   

MY Lord the Prelate of Saint Vastz hath delivered your letter of the last save one of February. 
To the L. of Montigny.  In troth such are your deserts, in that you have so nobly employed yourself in his majesties service, that yourself need not to speak thereof, as being a thing manifest, whereof his Majesty is sufficiently informed, assuring you that notwithstanding it was needless: yet I failed not to put him in mind upon every occasion. And I perceive he liketh you well, and esteemeth of your valiancy, and of that you have upon every opportunity that have been offered, so nobly and so often employed your own person with such manhood and honour: whereby I hope that his said Majesty will omit no occasion, to let you understand what account he maketh of you: also what courtesy you are to hope for of his greatness and liberalty. As for the charges of Flanders, I perceive not that his Majesty doth yet go about to take any resolution: beside you know (sir) in what state Flanders matters do yet stand, howbeit I hope that if you have not yet heard of it, you shall shortly by my Lord the prince understand, that he is careful in employing you honourably. And I can assure you, that the good will which I have perceived in his Majesty toward you is such, that in my opinion, you can not wish it better. I am here as you know far from him, at the least twelve days journeys off, and therefore can do nothing but by letters, which can not always watch their times so as those that are present had need to renew the contents of the letters, and I hope that my Lord precedent Foncq, who now is there, through whose hands also the affairs of the low countries do pass, & who in my opinion liketh you well, will not fail to do whatsoever to your behoof he may possible, as also I assure you, that for my part what so ever in me lieth, you shallbe remembered with all good and assured affection. Whereupon for an end hereof. I commend me to your good grace, beseeching the Creator, to grant you the accomplishment of your desires.  
From Madrill this 16. of April. 1582. Your perfect friend to do you service. Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my Lord the Lord of Montignye.   

SIr,  

To the L. of Capres.  the Lord of S. Vastz's arriving here in good health this present day, gave me cause of great contentation, in that by him I understood particularly, besides what before I knew, the endeavours which yourself together with other Lords have used for the common wealth of the country, upholding the religion, and his majesties service, wherein in troth, your desert is great: and I do especially wish that his Majesty may effectually (as occasion may serve) declare how well he liketh thereof. For my part, I will not fail, but willingly testify unto his Majesty, and so far rehearse the same always as time may serve, to the end my endeavours may one day yield such fruits as may turn to your full contentation, wherein you shall always find me ready, as also in whatso ever else I may, to do you pleasure and service.  
Finally, most hearty commending myself unto your good grace, I beseech the creator, grant to you the accomplishment of your desires.  
From Madrill this 16. of April, 1582. Your good friend to use. Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. my Lord the Earl of Henninlietart, L. of Capres.   

MY Lord of Gongnies,  

To the L. of Gongnies.  the Prelate of Saint Vastz hath delivered me your letter, dated the 22. of February.  
The goodwill and love which heretofore I have offered unto you, is not only not diminished: but rather daily increaseth, understanding the duty, with in what you may, you do use toward the upholding of religion, & his majesties service: as also by reason of such good will, as you have borne toward me, and do now again offer. Neither have I omitted often to testify your deserts, and still will be ready upon all occasions to renew the same, and will send unto my Lord the provost Foncq your request, to the end he may make report thereof to his Majesty, into whose hands, the same which you procured to be exhibited, whereof this that now you send me, is the copy, may by this time be delivered: desiring him to put his Majesty in mind of my former suit which willingly I will renew, earnestly wishing him to take such order therein, as may be to your full contentation.  
Thus most heartily commending myself to your good remembrance, I beseech the Creator, to grant you your desires.  
From Madrill this 16. of April, 1582. Your good friend, Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. the L. of Gongnies.   

MY L. treasurer general,  

To treasurer Stercke.  the prelate of S. Vastz, arriving here this day, have among others delivered me your letters, bearing date the 15. of February: by the contents whereof I gladly understood that his majesties grant, signed with his own hand for confirming you in your estate, was made to your liking. The testimony of your loyal service is due unto your works, in that continually you have so well employed yourself: & I am very glad that your age and disposition can bear it, so well to tend daily to the master's affairs, which (considering in what state they now remain) do need some great assistance. I hearty thank you for your offer, which at the request of my L. the provost of Air you made to assist my pretence, for the payment of my wages and pensions, that have so many years been due: and I perceive you know that I have great reason, and that I have borne myself modestly in using no importunacy: notwithstanding, I have so long stayed. But the losses which on all sides I have sustained, together with my expenses in my journeys for our master's service, as also my serving purely, and with out interest, do now force me to be earnest. By the said provost of Airs letters I understand, that by your good furtherance the matter draweth to some end, that at the least I may be relieved with some good portion, either in Burgundy or else where, for the which I hearty thank you: as also of the assurance that you make me of your good will, together with my Lords your fellow brethren in my behalf, whereby I am greatly bound to employ myself for the whole company, especially for you in whatsoever occasion may grant me opportunity.  
The resolution of the estates hath been great, and of great importance: as that whereof the whole country I hope shall reap commodity, his Majesty being resolved to accept of this good will, & to send aid for the assurance of the said Countries against the French, so to procure the rest and quiet which after so many mischiefs were thereto, more than necessary.  
Thus most hearty commending myself to your good remembrance, I beseech the Creator, my L. treasurer to grant you your desires.  
From Madrill this 16. of Apryll. 1582. Your assured and old friend. Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. Stercke, high treasurer of his majesties recepts in the Low countries.   

MY Lord,  

To the L. of Billy.  I have received your letters of the last of February, which my L. of S. Vastz delivered me at his coming hither, from whence he is now departed upon his journey. I was glad to see him, and we have often conferred together. The resolution that he bringeth from the estates, deserveth that he be very welcome, especially, for that he hath so honourably behaved himself therein, as also in reconciling the estates of the Wallon Provinces. In truth he is a meet man, and I am glad that I have found him affectionate toward you. Of your good will toward me, I assure myself by reason of such offers as both by mouth and letters you have often made me. And yourself may be sure to find me always correspondent in like desire, to employ myself in what soever concerneth you, which certainly, both willingly and favourably I do perform in what I may.  
Wherefore hearty commending me to your good grace, I beseech the Creator to grant you your desires.  
From Madrill this 15. of April. 1582. Your perfect good friend. Ant. Cardinal of Granuelle.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. the L. of Billy. etc.    

Letters of A. Dennetiers.  
MY Lord,  

To the L. of Rassenghien.  I lately received the letters which it pleased your Lordship to write unto me by the L. of Saint Vastz, who was most honourably received and feasted by the most noble, my L. of Granuelle, and as I understand, shall so be also by my L. Foncq at Lisbon, where he is already arrived, and was like speedily to be dispatched, having such an host, had not his dispatch by reason of the interview between the K. and the Empress, (who was gone to see her at Almerin whether she came to meet him) been stayed. I have and still will willingly do my L. of Vendegies all pleasure I may, for besides his deserts, and virtuous qualities, there is in us a certain kind of conformity, which maketh me to love, reverence, and honour him, rejoicing and congratulating with your Lordship, for such a Lord and friend, & such a nephew, of whom I hope of much in time to come, concerning the administration of the common wealth & benefit of our country. I would to God we had many such.  
We can come to no end with the widow, who is a foolish woman, and hath evil council, I hope nevertheless that time and friends may mollify her, and teach her to know her wrong. In the mean time my Lord of Secry waxeth so lively and practise in the language and knowledge of spanish affairs, that his imprisonment will not only be not unprofitable to him, but also most profitable. As likewise to the aforesaid L. of Vendegies, who hath daily dealings with proctor's and attorneys, learning the phrase & manner to proceed. Of this mishap will redound this benefit, that they shall have learned the speech and customs of the kingdom.  
It is supposed, that his majesties sojourning at Lisbon is very fit for the reducing of the Hollenders & Zealanders, who have learned & understood what the K. our M. is. Also that herewithal the P. of Oranges death, with is thought certain, may breed great alteration: God grant we may well use this opportunity. I suppose that will be when the French is better known: also that until than we shall have enough to do and more than ever. For a good & firm peace, a strong war is necessary. The uniform resolution of the Wallon provinces was hard very acceptably, god grant it may be well used, otherwise I am in the same fear with your Lordship. Whereupon I dare say his Majesty will use both wisdom and discretion.  
Your L. doth greatly bind me in showing so great favour toward me, my kinsmen and friends. I hope God will give me grace to deserve it toward your Lordship and yours, according to my small ability, in whatsoever I may understand requisite to your honour, wealth, and service. A suppose that some of my years pensions, in title of a Lord of the privy counsel, are yet behind. I am to crave your Lordship's favour in the payment thereof, toward the relief of my mother, and other our wants which are great, by reason of the great losses which in our goods we have sustained during these wars. If your Lordship would do me this favour, to wish me some means how to be recompensed, I think his Majesty would have some regard of my services and losses. The admirals son of Castille, was lately by Alcaldes and Aguacilles led prisoner to the Castle of Alameda, as guilty of the death of a gentleman, named Guttieres, who was slain by three or four unknown Rebocadoes, of whom there have been some Gentlemen and others found in Arragon, and brought hither, who being here racked, the said Admiral and other great persons have found themselves grieved, alleging that it is against their privileges, and as I understand, there have been a plaintive request exhibited to his Majesty: whereupon is great discoursing. I am glad to hear of the recovery of Lens out of the Frenches hands: for if his leisure had served, that he might have fortified it, it might have done much mischief all over the flat Country, and bred great harm before it had been recovered.  
Thus my L. most humbly commending me to your L. good grace, I beseech the Creator to grant you the accomplishment of your most noble and virtuous desires.  
From Madrill this 19 of Apryll. 1582. Of your said Lordship, the most humble and affectionate servant. A. Dennetieres'.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. my L. the Baron of Rassenghien, of the counsel of Estate, and chief of the Catholic K. of Spain's recepts in his low Countries.   

Letters of the Abbot of Saint Vastz.  
MY Lord,  

To counsellor Richardot.  I suppose you have received the letters I writ unto you by the way: Now that I am at my Lo. the Cardinals, who hath lodged me at his house, and doth me all honour possible, granting me private audience so often as I desire it, I have not forgotten to report your virtues and deserts. Wherein I assure you, he hath taken such a liking, that shortly you shall see the effects, and that cum faenore that shall be restored you, which by others envy hath been taken away.  
The rest is not to be referred to paper: only I pray you think that your affairs are at a good stay, whereunto I will be still assistant, & will not cease nisire plane confecta. We depart to morrow toward Lisbon, from whence you shall hear of our news. My Lo. of Morillon is nominated to the Bishopric of Turney, and the Dean of S. Gudule to the archbishopric of Malines, as one in whose behalf my L. hath resigned. One of Morbecques children is here in prison, for killling his host peevishly. The L. of Gomicourt returneth with one habit, athousand crowns and counsel for the war.  
No more, but I pray you have a care of our household affairs, and so beseeching God to continue you his favour. I do with all my heart commend me to yours.  
From Madrill this 26. of Apryll. 1582. Your perpetual obedient friend. john Abbot of Saint Vastz.  
The superscription was.  
To my L. my L. of Richardot, precedent of Artoys, and of his majesties privy counsel. Arras   

Letters of Peter Aldobrandine.  
My most noble Lady,  

To the Duchess of Parma.  THe 2. of this present, I wrote to your highness of my occurrences, and I received yours of the 22. of February, four days since, which as yourself may imagine, bred my great contentation, as thereby understanding how after your great trouble with gouts and fevers, you now find yourself so eased, as we shortly hope that the Lord God hath restored you to your former health, which I have, and daily do beseech his divine Majesty to grant you. I do likewise understand of your highness determination, wholly to obey his Majesty, concerning your abode for a time in these quarters: which undoubtedly both is and will be greatly to his majesties liking: as presupposing that your highness person and shadow in these countries, may yet bring forth and work very great and good effects, for that he would that on the one side my Lord the prince should forcibly compel such as remain obstinate: and on the other side, that your highness should stand with your arms open and as it were an umpire, to end all controversies towards such as would have recourse to the gate of mercy: as also to those that cannot be persuaded and believe that the way of great and mighty force, is the same wherewith these countries should be reduced to due obedience. Yesterday I had great talk with the Lord Don john Idiaqz, and thanked him for such pains, as I know he had taken, to the end, your highness might at his majesties hand, obtain such satisfaction, as the zeal wherewith you have, and still do serve him doth deserve, and besought him to persist, especially to procure the revoking of your highness, out of this exile with his favour and good liking. Whereupon I digressed in opening sundry purposes concerning your highness intent. Hereunto he made me answer, that his Majesty was sufficiently persuaded, how greatly he was bound unto you. Also that he never doubted of your readiness to fulfil willingly whatsoever his majesties pleasure, who also will not omit all due considerations of your highness service and quality. Farther, that it is necessary you should attend the success of this springe, that afterward he may the better resolve himself: he promised me also that he would not omit any convenient time or place, so earnestly to deal with his Majesty, as your highness may trust unto him. For my part I will slack no time or opportunity, to the end, to keep the said L. well disposed & affected: who besides his great good will to your highness, is also in great credit & authority with his Majesty, & is glad to see me, & doth by all means favour me: neither would he suffer me as yet to move his Majesty, as I have been about to do: but willed me to conform myself to that your highness writ unto him, for that he saith his Majesty could not yet peruse your letters, so that it were good he should first see them, & then when time served to speak, he would give me warning. So as I will wholly fulfil what so ever the said L. shall command me, who also hath promised to procure often letters to your highness. To be brief, to grant you such amends as your devotion to his majesties service doth deserve.  
I have assisted Nicelly in whatsoever I thought convenient for the service of the house: and if he had not been here, he might have been in the briars, and therefore may certify you in what credit even your highness shadow is here. But particularly concerning the Castle, I have not spoken one word, but am ready to perform whatsoever you shall appoint & command me.  
The knight Blondo writeth to me that concerning the king's revenue, he endeavoureth not yet to use any farther diligence until the L. Duke, nameth the persons that shall buy the lands, & then all necessary conveyances shallbe dispatched, when we also must take heed the you be assured concerning the title to Novara. Because that at Madrill, there have been particular dealing touching the enhancing and augmentation of your highness privileges, & that there it is to be dispatched: Samaniego hath particular care of the business, & I have here procured a consultation to be sent to Madrill, which is in the hands of his Majesty, Bourbon, & La Posta, and as Matthew Vasques promiseth me shallbe sent to morrow: and withal, this business may be finished & ended, which is not of such importance as to put it in account of reward, howbeit, I will be still so advised, that if I hear anything, I may know how to answer.  
Earl Claudes sons have presented a remembrance to the counsel of Italy, demanding the same that their father required, touching the goods confiscate by the death of Captain Camillus, and I suppose they shall have the same answer their father had, namely, to go to the Duke. And as occasion fall out, I will not omit any endeavours. Cardinal Farncsius corrivales do all they may: and I think his Majesty, Granuel, and Don john Idiaqz sufficiently answered, who told me that they go about to remedy it. Farther, yesterday the said Don john willed me to be of good cheer: for his Majesty had his noble Lordship in such reputation, as the service which this hole family had, and still doth unto his Majesty did deserve, but all valiant parsons have Corrivales. So long as I remain here, I will never desist as well in this, as in all other matters, but conform myself wholly to your highness will, neither will I omit any diligence or endeavour, to the end you may have such satisfaction, as by reason you are to hope for of the goodness of this great king, who God be praised is in better health than ever he was: and in his determinations, useth such secrecy and advice, as no man can well enter to know any thing, before it please him to publish it.  
The common opinion is, that in any wise he will in September return to Madrill, as being both in Castille and Arragon greatly desired. And yesterday the said Lord Don john told me, that the most noble Empress did very well like the Monastery des Dechauses at Madrill, and that her Majesty doth yet mind to come thither, howbeit, that such is the love and respect she beareth to her said brother, that it is thought that at his being here, she will fulfil his majesties will, who wisheth to leave her the government of the kingdom, together with the same. I will advertise your highness of what so ever shall daily happen. The French do threaten to enter this kingdom with Don Anthony, who truly is here as it were adored of the base commonalty, & it is said that in Britain, there is a great army ready. Also in as much as they cannot beat any places but what lieth between Duore & Mignio, his Majesty sendeth toward the City of Porto the Prior Don Hernando with 10000 footmen and 800. horse, with whom he shall keep that Country. In this City there is a sufficient garrison. Also at Settubar a regiment of Almains; and the rest of the fortresses hereabout are sufficiently provided. His majesties shoulders are charged with great expenses. Also it may be the shadow is bigger than the danger, which is increased by him that endeavoured to hinder the sending of any power of importance into those parts, as being but a small friend to our Prince's glory, and an utter enemy to the providing of the remedy for the affairs of those parts which have by him been lost and subverted: so as without farther speech your highness do well understand me.  
Howbeit as Don john told me, although his Majesty be to provide for divers Countries: yet is he resolved to take order for great provision of coin for the affairs of those Countries, neither will he that the said assignation be employed any other where. I am not sure of the just sum, but I understand it will be at the least 2. millions of gold yearly. The most part of the said coin the Fouquers shall provide monthly at colen. In Italy there is order taken for 4. or 5000. Italians, a few horsemen, and 2. Regiments of Spaniards, who all shall march thitherwards. And in as much as I perceived all this provision to proceed but slowly, and especial that of coin, (that is the principal) by the counsel of Don john, I determined to exhibit a brief to his Majesty, the tenor of the copy whereof is here enclosed, the which together with other diligence used could not but bring forth good effects.  
I have sent a copy thereof to Cardinal Granuelle, who liketh it very well, and sendeth me word that for his part he hath and still doth all that he may, in what so ever is needful to be brought to pass: & I have put him in mind that if that which was begun to be propounded, be put in execution, all will go well forward, and that there is no other sure way to revoke your highness out of this exile. I will procure earnest war in those parts: for in so doing, we shall soon see those people's mind: likewise to what purpose your highness stay in those countries, may serve. I have and will use for County Mansselt upon all occasions as well with his M. as with his servants, all means possible: and the Lord Don john showeth me that his Majesty doth often write that he shall be continued. Also to seek some means to content and satisfy the said Lord, as well because he deserveth it, as also for easing your highness mind: which is all that at this time I can say, most humbly kissing your highness most noble hands. And I pray God grant you all supreme felicity.  
From Lisbon, this 8. of April. 1582. Your highness most humble servant Peter Aldobrandine.  
The superscription was.  
To the most noble Lady, my Lady. etc.   

Letters of Peter Isunca.  

Most noble sir.  
BEseeching God this present may come to your Lo. and find you in such health as I beseech & wish you. 
To jasper of Annastro.   
By the last ordinary I writ to your Lordship of my occurrences. In these I will rehearse the substance thereof, so far as I can remember (for I keep no copies of my writings) as also what else shall come in my mind. For not being as then assured of the prince's death, I now speak otherwise, then then I did, and although at that time I was earnest with you to come speedily hither, so to get you from among those beasts feet. Also that thereupon I writ you a particular, which in case of necessity you should show to the prince, yet now I say, that by a letter which my father writ me the 23. of this month, his mind is, that your Lordship come not presently, until that the heat of Oranges death be cooled, for that he doubteth lest they have laid your way, and so you should have greater labour & pain to pass them, then to remain under the prince's protection. Also in respect of so small assurance, I think it meet (for preventing what may happen) that you send me a proxy to recover of his Majesty that which he hath promised you for this service, with a several note under your hand, in what manner you will that this quantity be employed and divided: prescribing therein how much you allow me for my pains. For although my father assured me of more than the third part, and that I was then content therewith: yet now I say, in consideration of such great depts as the Merchants do publish, that your Lordship oweth, I will be content with the fourth part: but if you be otherwise minded, you know that my father is a party, which notwithstanding I will procure him to be content with what I think good, & therefore I beseech you set it so down in your particular note & instruction, to the end we may conclude upon that which concerneth this matter. For that is the way to deal for satisfying my father, besides that, so yourself may be pleased, and he will not fail in whatsoever occurrence may hap about his Majesty. In the mean time, I pray God preserve you in such health as I do desire. I likewise put your Lordship in mind in the said instruction, to make particular mention, that you would have before the high altar in the Church of the town or village, of whence he was, a tomb built of stone, in such form & manner, as you or I should appoint for the slayer of him. It were also good in my opinion, to build a perpetual chantry of 2. chaplains. Also to buy for the young man's father & mother, or his nearest kinsman 3. or 400. ducats of rent for them jointly to enjoy: & that they and their successors might be Lords of the said chantry and tomb, etc.  
Now I say the Chamber hath procured to learn of my Father who the young man was, and of whence, therefore if they should also require to see the demonstration, that your Lordship maketh of your affairs, it were meet you declared at large, and discreetly whatsoever concerneth the same. I said also that (if you could) you should procure the perfect picture of the said young man to be sent hither, which your Lordship may easily do considering the good nature wherewith it hath pleased God to endue you: and so you should satisfy many that are desirous to know him. My cousin Peter gave me warning that your Lordship's creditors determined to molest my Lady your mother, purposing to take away her goods for your debt. Also that he had written unto her, to send some docket whereby to avoid this trouble, and so incontinently I gave my father notice, wishing him with all speed to get forth two schedules, which for this purpose, as also for preferring you before all the creditors of Peter Martinez of Arbalu, he had craved of his Majesty in your name: and that we will procure to be done, notwithstanding the king seeketh to delay for a few days the overplus of such gratification as he oweth you. Whereupon, as also concerning other articles, presently upon tidings of Oranges death I wrote a letter, the copy whereof I sent to your Lordship, and do hope that you have received it. For default whereof I will sand another, to the end you may see with what goodwill and service I have & do employ myself in your service: not that I deal any whit of my own interest, but only of your Lordship and of your house, until I have by Gods help brought and set them clear. I writ likewise in my last, that because it had been capitulated, I say, by words concluded with the _____ that the bills of 80000. should be dispatched in my name, it were good for the accomplishing thereof, that the said Instruction which I require were sent me, to the end I might word by word, accomplish it according as your lordship should appoint.  
And I said unto _____ that it was requisite to have _____ the order that _____ had observed, 
This written in Ciphers.  and he _____ in the same, until we understood how they had taken _____ in the estates _____ and other parties: and I immediately advertised my father that it could not be, as having showed _____ the letter which _____ writ to him and to sundry other, the divers copies disagreeing, together with that which _____ writ to Peter Lopes, are dispersed in this court, but all might be excused if there were any order taken.  
Howbeit presuppose the aforesaid so to be, yet I writ to my father that if it pleased _____ to publish me to have been the party that had given the _____ I would with all my heart to do him service do it: but I know not what resolution they will take.  
This I thought good to impart unto you, that you might understand it, There is a naughty man in this Town, who with excessive liberty in my absence, hath meddled in your Lordship's affairs. Especially one day among the rest, in the presence of Lady Francis of Aratia who is here, who also (as she is not troubled with the pip) paid him home again presently: in such wise, as they had gone together by the ears, had not one of the kings Secretary's wives, in whose presence this argument begun, stepped between them. All was about Oranges death, etc. And the same honest man told a very friend of mine but yesterday, that he knew by some of credit, that _____ was in the disgrace of _____ for certain causes which there were not to be spoken of, of him and his affairs: which when he could not bear: he said,  
By the habit of Saint Peter and S. Paul, if I could catch him, he should pay me.  
This likewise I thought good to certify your Lo. to the end, If this be amiss, we might deal warily with this man. But if it be otherwise, and we may know that this wretch hath invented it, as he hath done other things, also that you be sure, that neither by word nor writing you have not said any thing against the _____ than that you consider whether it were good that you writ one letter unto him, also that the prince writ him another, to certify him the you are his faithful servant: and therein your Lo. may say, that this hath been published and given out, by reason of some displeasure conceived against _____ native of _____ for that is the cause why I tell you this wretch's name, and no other: for now it is no time to make enemies, especially if herein this man hath reported the truth.  
Send me word whether you made any Bargain with the Mansleyer: For this wretch here saith, that he was a cutler's son of Bilbao, and that he will cause his father to repair to the king, for the reward which his Majesty by his last edict offered to him that should stay Orange. In case he should have audience, they might bring our pretence in question. This is the cause why I speak: but if your Lo. would presently let me understand, who or of whence this young man was, we would enter acquaintance with his father and mother, or his nighest kindred, and so compound with them that they should not disturb or hinder your Lo. reward. And admit they can not have it, yet will they still trouble us. For although the king would not do as I say, yet might he command your Lordship to give the youngman's father, or nearest kinsman, part of that belongeth to you. Your Lordship must therefore well consider hereof: and send me word of your mind, to the end, by good counsel, we may order this matter, which is of so great importance.  
By reason of the pleasure that the reverent father Peter of Olaue hath done in helping me in so fit a time unto 200. crowns, I trust God willing, this day seven-night to departed homeward toward my house, where your worship may write to me and command me. Also, if your ability could bear it, to help me as I have requested, with 500 Ducats, toward the reparations of my house, your worship might greatly bind me to your service: but if you do it not, I will impute it to your want.  
Thus commending myself to Sir Olaue, I will add no more, but that I send this by means of the Lord ambassador john Babtista Tassus, whom I beseech carefully to send it to Sir Olaue. I also pray your worship, to let me understand of your receipt hereof, whose noble parson and estate, our Lord God keep and preserve as I desire.  
From Madrill this last of april. 1582.  
The superscription was.  
To the noble L. jasper of Annastro, my L. etc. at Turney.   

NOble Lord,  

To the general paymaster of the P. of Parma his army.  I have received your letter, dated the 18. of February. which notwithstanding, it lay above two months by the way, yet came in so good time, that together with the supply of 200. crowns which you sent me there with, I hope god willing within these 8. days to go home to my house, where God willing you shall always find me ready at your command, as also hereafter where ever I be, even to the death. And because you have, and still do deal so earnestly in my affairs, notwithstanding, you have assigned these 200. crowns, together with the other 300. upon Jerome of Salamanca, I will deliver them to whomsoever you shall appoint as speedily and diligently as reason requireth, for I will slack no longer then until the first opportunity.  
Concerning the estate of Arcauty his business. I assure you (as peradventure you have heard) although he lay at Paris under the name of his majesties factor, yet had his highness taken express order that no money should come to his hands: but be altogether delivered to Isuard Capello, and after to Elias and Simon Caluia, which was presently performed in such wise as Arcauty was not bound to any account of money by him received. But he took order in his great discompt of 36300. crowns. whereof he had given bills of exchange unto such merchants as he had dealt with, notwithstanding, there came never a penny into his hands, as I said, but to Capello & Caluia, with nevertheless was very indiscreetly done of his highness in respect of Arcauty: for it was a very absurd matter, to deliver letters of exchange for that money that never came to his hands, although it fell out well.  
And if after giving up of that account, he had gone home to his own house, as he purposed when he came hither, he had not been at that point that now he is at.  
But he stayed in this Court almost 2. years, only to clear himself of the theft of 28000. crowns, which he saith Alphonse Curiel hath committed, from his Majesty, arising of two Commissions of 55000. crowns: for when he had here received them out of the Cheft with three keys, he disboursed not there above 22000. So that when the factor, who is Curiels kinsman, or at the least his very friend, came to be chief of the Counsel of acompts in Flaunders, he did so inform him, as well by word of mouth, as also by certain the writings of Isuarde capel, Arcautyes enemy, that he made him believe, that Arcauty ought the said 28000 crowns, so that thus without farther a do, they have brought him to that estate he is now in. But the receiver is scaped out of their hands, as he who got the licenciate chumacero his majesties counsellor, who is the visitor of the counsel of demesnes & other the King his officers to be the judge of his cause: but when the factor and his commissioners perceived that all they went about, was smally to the purpose, they would not directly charge the said Arcauty, but did, and still do greatly molest him. Howbeit, it is said that Chumacero will soon end this matter, and that the affection of these judges will soon be spied. Of whom the one is Alfons Carner, who hath played him the worst trick of friendship that any man could: as if himself had lived sine crimine. In this estate do the receivers affairs now stand.  
Where you desire to know whether bringing instructions from the general receivers, he might boldly come to give up his accounts: I say he may, so that the said instructions be effectual: also that there be set down both the recepts and disboursing of the money. By this means, together with bringing money for your expenses, you may easily stop that gap: for the King alloweth neither wages nor any other thing unto the Lo. of Vnceta, who stayeth here about giving up of Lexaldi the receivers accounts and his own, yea it is said he will not give him so much as a loaf of bread. I am therefore of opinion, that if you could get your account to be passed there, you should save much, both money and labour: but if not, be of good cheer, for by the means aforesaid you shall give the physician a fig. Father, so soon as God will give me leave to get to Victoria, I will immediately send you your predecessors relation, as curious and brave as you could wish, for until then I can not for the causes that aforetime I have showed you. I am very glad of that you writ concerning bernard of Isunca, as also the La. Marry his sister will be, to whom I have sent the copy of your letter: for she loveth him dearly. God give him that I wish him.  
At his coming, I pray you salute him from me, and will him to do that he told me. Also that Lady Mary and her son were in good health the 20. of this present. I hear so much of the child, that notwithstanding every man affirmeth it, yet I can not believe it. God preserve him to his service. Amen. The provider the 23. of this month, was in such health as myself stand in need of, and laboureth still to resign his office unto me: but he cannot compass it. He will god willing, tarry still at home: some say his Majesty will send him into the Low Countries with the soldiers that shall go thither, to be their general commissary: but I know he will not take it upon him, unless he help me to the other: also that in case I have it, he will not refuse any thing. But make not me author hereof. In the said letters of the 23. it is said, that his Majesty departed the 19 out of Lisbon, to meet his sister the Empress. Also that he returneth the tenth of May, wholly to receive her.  
Also that the great Prior is in the field, with whom there shall join 8000. Castilian soldiers, 4000 Almains, and 800. Horses of the guard of Castille, and that with that camp he shall go to visit all the holds and countries between Oporto and Bayon in Calais.  
The cause is said to be for that Don Anthony is in France, furnishing himself to come upon us, but I can not think that. But his Majesty will stop him, and so he may make a fair hand with these people. If he were here, though it seem unpossible, yet many would be very glad. From Guipuscoa there came to him 18. ships gallantly furnished with above 1500. Mariners, I wots not what to say of it: and although here were a voice of late that when the Empress was comen into Portugal his majesty would go to Castille, ye now is there no more speech: whereupon we may gather that until he seethe the end of this french dealing, he will not out of this realm. It is said that within these few days the great chaplain of Portugal was in hand with him in the behalf of the Realm. And hat although his Majesty did them great honour in bringing his sister to govern them, yet should they greatly complain of his departure, sith now he knew both the estate, quality and governors of the kingdom. But the K. understanding whereat the chaplain leveled, made him this answer. My sister knowing me to have here so great affairs, would not but come to see me.  
Thus the Chaplain could not understand his purpose: so great is his majesties discretion.  
A while since, one Antony Guttierez, heir to 6000. crowns rent in this town, was slain by night, and therefore a near kinsman of the Admiral of Leon, was carried to prison. They fet him out of the Church, and the provosts of the court (coming hither) apprehended him, whether by right or wrong, and tormented him bravely, even to the unknitting of his joints: which the Admiral is grieved at, and complaineth of the officers of justice, in that the Gentleman being his kinsman and of such calling, they had racked him, and therefore used great words against the precedent of Castille: whereupon his Majesty commanded to take him prisoner, so as he is prisoner in his own house, and his eldest son, the Earl of Melgar is carried to prison to Alameda, in the county of Varaias, because (as the speech goeth) he is thought author of this murder.  
The Marquis of Pennafiell, heir to the Duke of Ossuna Viceroy of Naples, coming hither a while since with a woman, who was said to be his lover, they have taken away the woman, & committed him as prisoner to his own house.  
Thus these three Lords remain in the state of mean Gentlemen. Also by reason of some folly committed in the Monastery of the Dechausses, which is in this town, about the holy week shall be a twelve month. The Earl of Castanneda, Don jews of Cordova, who ought to be the Duke of _____ and Marquis of Comarez: Don Anthony Manricqz son of Don john Manricqz: Don Peter Vanegas and others, are banished the court. Don Henry Mendoza, brother to the Duke of Infantado is likewise banished for another trifle: beside for the former matter of the Dechausses, the prince of Ascoli was almost a whole year in exile. Thus may you see what K. Philip can do, even in his absence. God preserve him. I have no satisfaction in that which particularly toucheth Annastro for his assurance, only that you keep him there with you. Which God grant it be so. Who preserve you in such state as I do desire.  
From Madrill this last of Apryl. 1582. Noble Lo. B. L. M. A. V M. Your servant. Isunca.  
The superscription was.  
To the noble L. Peter of Olaue, my very good L. High treasurer of the happy army, which the Catholic Majesty maintaineth in his estate of Flaunders. etc.  
At Turnay.    

¶ Letters of Francis Guillam.  
MOst noble L. sith the copy of my former writing unto you is hereunto adjoined, 
To the prince of Parma.  I will certify you only of what have since happened me. The Abbot of Saint Vastz arriving here the 16. of this present, did deliver me that which your highness writ me the 27. of February. Also whiles very earnestly we waited for news from your highness, there arrived yesterday a post here, by whom I received the letters which it pleased you to send the 16. of this month, whereunto I will make a short answer, because the post of Italy by whom I always write, is this day to be dispatched. Cardinal Granuelle entertained the said Abbot at his house: wherein I assisted him until he departed toward his Majesty, which was the 20. of this month. I showed him what your highness writ unto me: also how he should behave himself: wherein I will not there fail him. I desired him to let me understand if there were any thing wherein I might do him any pleasure. I writ also to D. john of Idiaxz how earenestly he had travailed to bring the estates to this resolution that they have taken. Also that it were good that his majesty let him understand that your highness informed him of the whole, with what so ever else I thought meet. Concerning the return of the soldiers that are departed out of these estates, also of the Italians that are to go with them, I can say nothing: only I was glad to understand that his Majesty hath nominated such Captains over them to guide them, as your highness doth so well like of, and as is meet for his Royal service, and I assure myself, he will so deal in your highness behalf, by reason of the great love he beareth you.  
That which now me seemeth the best, is the furniture of coin, and surely if I could do any more than put him in mind thereof, your highness should not desire it more. But I have done that, and do it still, yea and daily will upon every opportunity, considering how evident it is, that your highness can do nothing without that substance. Upon which occasion, together with that I said before, Maldonado shall come and serve your highness. Don john of Idiacq● hath answered my letters, the copy whereof I have sent hereunto adjoined. I have put both of them in mind, and will advertise your highness of their resolution. The Cardinal showed me how desirous he was of this resolution: Also how often he had propounded it, willing me to do the like. I suppose that the ordinary provision that is to be made, dependeth undoubtedly upon the precedent of the Treasury: for I have talked with him, and he maketh me no answer to the purpose. But sith this is ordered by the way of estate, it is no marvel.  
Of Madam's health and recovery, all we your highness servants are very glad, and reason. The contrary whereof we do feel, in that the French have opportunity to try that they do, and to bring all into trial, but I hope in God that in the end, by means of such order and forecast as your highness will in all places use, they shall reap no fruit of their purposes.  
We have of late days greatly wished for letters from your highness, to resolve the doubt conceived of the death of Orange, the news being here so divers, as well from Paris as Antwerp. All wise men think him dead, and so we are to believe, although it be strange, that your highness cannot fully verify it. There came news from Lisbon that he was in extremities, and here it was said that he was dead: But his fautors had concealed it a few days, while they took order in their own affairs.  
I will write unto Velasques of Minaya, who is of his majesties chamber, concerning the good you have done him, and do still wish to do, neither can it be but many will like well of it, that your highness are so willing to favour & pleasure his majesties servants, especially such as are so near his royal person.  
I do infinitely thank your highness for the pleasure it pleased your highness to show me, in thanking his Majesty, and honouring his servants. The great good will you bear me, together with whatsoever I am or may be, I will confess to depend of hour highness, and will wholly employ myself, even to the death, in your service. I hope by your favourable assistance at all times, I shall be able to do it, and I pray God I may requite it.  
The liberty and commodity that your highness have given me to distribute among sundry persons, to the yearly value of two or three hundred crowns, as myself shall think good, was very conformable to your highness mo●● noble service. I thank you for this favour, and will beware of exceeding farther than need shall require: and all that I may reserve in this expense I will, as one that herein do not pretend to any other than your highness service.  
Certainly it shall be to make demonstration of that which your highness meant to have done with Foncq, Lallo, and Sebastian of Santoyo.  
In Francis of Humaras' behalf I will use all diligence, as your highness have commanded, toward those officers that receive letters in his commendation. Truly he deserveth all the favour that you show him, and it were meet his Majesty should resolve upon that he pretendeth. He is here, and having showed him your highness desire to do him good, also that you wished his service, to the rude, in the camp as also in all other occasions, to have the better opportunity to gratify him, he is fully resolved to come and serve your highness, for he taketh himself as earnest a servant to your highness as any other, and not respecting any pretences or benefits that here he might reap, and assuring himself of such favour, as your highness have and will show him: he mindeth to take order to departed with the first Galleys. He had need leave some provision of money with his mother, but for that, and any other thing needful for his journey, he will seek the best remedy he may. It may please your highness to write to don Sanctius of Padilla, so to accommodate him thitherward, that he may pass with those that shall set first forward: also to whomsoever shall have charge of him, to use him as your highness servant, and according to his profession: for his goodwill to serve your highness doth deserve it.  
I hear that Don Bernardino of Mendoza who is in England, hath written to his Majesty, and complaineth that your highness do keep no correspondence with him, as that since August last, when you writ of the success of Turnay, he hath not had any letters from you, notwithstanding he hath sent you sundry posts. I grant many are lost, nevertheless among so many some should come safe. I thought good to certify your highness hereof, because many think it strange there should be so small familiarity. Our Lord preserve your highness noble person, with the increase of long life, and such honour as all your servants do desire and stand in need of.  
From Madrill this 30. of Apryll. 1582. Most noble Lord, your highness humble servant who saluteth you. Francis Guillamas.  
The superscription was.  
To the most noble Lord, the prince of Parma. etc. my very good Lord.   

These two letters ensuing, which were sent from the isle of Tercera, being come to our hands, we would not defraud the reader thereof.  
The copy of the letters which the K. of Castille writ unto Cyprian of Figueiredo Vasconcellos, by jasper Homem, who came to the town of Praya the 7. of March. 1582.  

D. Cyprian of Figueiredo,  
I the K. do salute you, steadfastly believing that you will perform what ever you are bound unto for my service, and the benefit of this isle, as also of any thing particularly touching yourself, I thought good to commend unto you that trust which I repose in you, also to write unto you, that behaving yourself, (as I will believe you will) I will not only forgive all former offences, but also shall be glad to recompense the service that herein I hope for of you, to the end, the great damage of this isle, and the inhabitants thereof, proceeding of such preparatives of soldiers, ships, and munition as I have commanded to provide, as the bringer of this my letter may more at large declare unto you, may be stayed and excused.  
Written at Lisbon the 14. of December. 1582. The King.  
The superscription was.  
By the king. To D. Cyprian of Figneiredo.   

THis letter together with another from Don Chistopher of Moura, and two from Ambrose of Aguiar, governor of the isle of S. Michael for Castille, and one from Don Peter, Bishop of Castille, the said Cyprian of Figueiredo would not open, but sent them from the Town of Praya with others to Don Michael de Silva, Earl of Torres Vedras to the City of Angera, who likewise would not open them: and thereupon the said Cyprian of Figueiredo, referred them to the earl, who at his instance, they both being together, did finally break them up: and then he desired him, to send them to the king's Majesty. Don Antonio.   

The answer to the former letter which Cyprian of Figueiredo Vasconcellos, governor of the Isles to the use of K. Don Anthony sent, to the K. of Castille, which the Earl of Torres Vedras sealed, when he had perused them and so sent them by the way of Saint Michel's Isle.  
I Have perused your majesties letter which you sent me by jasper Homen: wherein you say you cannot but think that I will fulfil what ever I am bound unto for your service, the benefit of this isle, and particularly for mine own person: would to God your majesty knew how greatly yourself are bound to the most noble Infant Don jews, who with his subjects, always assisted your father the Emperor in his wars, them would you not attempt any thing against the Crown of Portugal, to the prejudice of his son king Anthony, & so grievously offend our L. God, in the destruction of our honour, life, & goods, which you have procured: neither would I, or any the rest of the Portugese's, his true subjects, refuse to serve you as a Christian King, and such a one as the Portugese's nation have ever borne great goodwill unto. For as well in respect of the said duty, as also by reason of your kindred with the K. of Portugal, it becometh not you to desire that I should serve you as your vassal, neither will my duty bear that I should serve you as your subject.  
This I'll together with the inhabitants thereof belong to king Anthony, to whom they are sworn as to their king and natural Lord, and that as well in his right of succession, and free election of the people of this kngdome, as also for that the city & chamber of Lisbon writ down certain reasons, together with his right thereto, which I cannot think but your Majesty have notice of.  
Farther, although there were no other cause but the only election of the people of this Realm, who for default of kings, are by their decrees and ordinances to choose others: yet was it enough, that your Majesty entered the land with an army, the controversy not being decided: for had your title been never so good, yet had you thereby utterly lost it. But I trust in god the whole will return to such pass, as your Majesty for the enjoying thereof, will not damn your own soul, but that it will in the end fall again into the right Lords dominion, notwithstanding, he be now dispossessed thereof. Your Majesty must not think me past shame, but a man damnified. And I would to GOD that all kings had in their counsels free men, devoid of ambition, so should not our R. Don Anthony, have fallen into that estate, whereto great treasons have cast him headlong, neither your Majesty into the great danger of the loss of yourself, and subversion of all Christiandom: beside, if you be at the day of judgement to give account of the honours, deaths, & pillages of so many men, and of their liberty, you can not sufficiently repent & make amends for that is already passed. If your majesty would but think upon the hour of your death, together with the evils that then will offer themselves to your view, and remember that you are everlastingly to suffer the pains which you have inflicted upon the Portingalls perceiving then how near the loss of all is unto you; Oh! how would you turn aside from all that is past: for at that time it will be before your eyes. How much better had it been for you, quietly to have remained in your own realm, to see your vassals in peace, yourself beloved of all Christians, and obeyed of all your subjects! for in respect of that you have done in Portugal, not only all Christian kings and princes, but also the very barbarous nations do mortally hate you.  
Consider how many Innocents you have with your weapons murdered: think upon the ravishments of so many widows and maids, bournings and lamentations, as do cry to God for vengeance against you. Remember how many wives are e separated from their husbands through forced adulteries: how many Churches are profaned, and religion dishonoured: also into what slavery you have reduced the inhabitants of Portugal, for that of all this, and of more which you have caused, you shall give account before God, who will call you thereto with rigorous justice, as that the whole hath been perpetrated in a realm which God hath loved above all others in the world. That which the inhabitants of this afflicted realm do endure, is sufficient to let you know, that they which are out of this bondage and heavy yoke, do covet rather freely to die in the wars, then to fall into such slavery: neither will I otherwise counsel the inhabitants of this isle, lest I should both damn my soul, and my honour should fall into less reputation than now it is in. For thereof I make such account, as I had rather lose all lives that it were possible to enjoy, than not to continue loyal to any king to whom I am sworn. For to die well is perpetual honour, for the preservation whereof, I had rather persever in loyalty, then fear the preparatives of people, ships, and munition, wherewith your Majesty doth threaten me: for I have such a confidence in God, that he will fight for us & our ships. The sea & havens of this Island, together with the foretresses, walls, and trenches are ready for the munition: yea, and many pits opened, whereinto to cast those people that shall come to seek us, who are not to have any pardon, by reason of such mischief as proceedeth of forgiving them. Your Majesty are not to blame me: for I have sworn to R. Antony to defend this crown for my K. and L. And the like I would have done for for you, in case I had been sworn thereto, though not with so good a will. For it is enough that he is king of Portugal.  
But if I should through mishap fall alive into your bondage, & for doing my duty, you should put me to death, neither the remembrance of my loyalty, neither the fame of your cruelty and unjustice would ever perish. I serve not Don Anthony for any benefit, notwithstanding, I may obtain more of him then of any other K. But my loyalty consisteth in fulfilling my duty, which causeth that such rewards as by other than the K. of Portugal are promised, can no whit move me. For beyond my duty, there is nothing that can change my honour and loytie, which I do more esteem than all the kingdoms in the world, which is the same that enuegleth many Gentlemen.  
Our Lord God guide your Majesty to your kingdom, and restore Portugal to her right king and lord Don Anthony, as all true and loyal Portugeses do wish.  
From this noble City of Angera, in jesus Christ's. I'll of Tercera.  
The superscription was.  
To the K. of Castille from the governor of the Assorian Iles.    

Imprinted at London at the three Cranes in the Vintree, by Thomas Dawson, for Thomas Charred.