THE sum& SUBSTANCE OF CHRISTIAN RELIGION, Set down in a catechistical way, by H. J. Printed at London by W. Wilson, and are to be sold by Richard thrall at Pauls gate at the sign of the Crossekeyes. 1647. Christian Reader. THis Orthodox catechism containing the sum and substance of Christian Religion printed by the Collector for the use of his own family& of some private friends, and it coming to my hands, and knowing that the publishing of it hath been much desired by many Learned and sound Divines and others; I have made bold to commit it to the Pr●sse for the public good. I persuade myself it will be useful and acceptable to those which shall duly peruse it. And therefore without further apology, I present it to the world. The Sum and Substance of Christian Religion, set down in a Catechistiall way by H. J. WHat Religion do you pr fesse? The Christian, which is to know and aclowledge the onely true God, and Jesus Christ whom he hath sent. How come you to this Knowledge? Job 22.20 Jo. 6.68. Ro. 1.19.20. Eph. 17.8.9. By Gods works, and his Word revealed. 1. His work are, the creation and preservation of the World,& all things therein. 2 His Word is the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament: containing the Law, and the Gospel: being a perfect Rule for all Christians for Doctrine and Life, to bring them to salvation. What do the Scriptures teach? 1. That there is a God, Ro. 1.19.20. and this is proved by the Creation of the World, which could not bee framed of itself, but by some extraordinary power. 2. Zach. 12.1 Act. 14.17 By creating the soul of man. 3. By the preservation and ordering of things created. What doth Christian Religion teach concerning God? 1. God. His Nature. 2. His kingdom. First, concerning his Nature, and being, that he is incomprehensible, flesh and blood cannot comprehend what he is, though by his attributes we may come to some knowledge of him. What are his Attributes or properties. wisdom, Holinesse, Justice, Mercy, Power and the like, in all which he, and none else is absolutely perfect. May God be seen? No, Lu. 24.39. because he is a spirit, which is a living substance without corruption, without body, flesh, or bones, invisible, not to bee seen or felt. How many Gods be there? But one in essence or substance, yet distinguished into three persons, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost. There's a Trinity of persons in the Unity of the God-head And they are called persons, because they have proper things to distinguish them, and that not in nature, but in relation, and order. How are they distinguished by order and relation? 1. The Father is of himself alone, and of no other, neither created, nor begotten, and is the first person in Trinity, having his being from none else, yet by communicating his essence from Eternity, hath begotten his only Son of himself. 2. The son is of the Father alone, not made, nor created, but begotten: and he is the second person in order, not in time, being begotten from all Eternity, before all times, by the Communication of the Fathers, essence or being. 3. The Holy Ghost is of the Father, and the Son, neither made, nor created, nor begotten, but proceeding from them. And he is the third person in order, by communication of essence, Eternally proceeding from the Father, and the Son. And these three persons in Trinity are coessential, of the same being, or substance: coequal, of the same power, wisdom and Majesty: coeternal, of the same time one with another, without beginning, without ending. What proofs have you of the Trinity in the Old Testament? Trinity. 1. The Father is said, Gen. 1.2.3 by his word to have made the World, the Holy Ghost working and maintaining them. 2. 1 Sam. 23.2. Es. 42.1. The Spirit of the Lord spake by me, and his word by my Tongue. 3. Behold my servant whom I uphold, mine elect in whom my soul delighteth: I have put my Spirit upon him. What out of the N●w Testament? 1 The Trinity appeared at Christs baptism. Mat. ●. 16.28.19. 2. Wee are Baptized in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost. 3. Jo. 14.16.15.26. Luk. 1.35. The Father and Son promise to sand the Holy Ghost? 4. They are all mentioned in the Angells salutation of the virgin Mary. 5. Act. 2.33. And in Saint Peters speech to the Jews. So in 2 Cor. 13.14. and Gal. 4.6. and Tit. 3.4, 5, 6. What proof have you of the unity? There are three that bear record in Heaven, unity. 1 Jo. 5.7. the Father, the Word, and the Holy Ghost, and these three are one. Why are these being three, said to bee but one? They are one in being, essence, and substance, but three persons distinct in subsistence. As you may read, 1 Cor. 12.4.5. Deut. 6.4. Mark. 12.32. 1 Cor. 8.4.5.6. Of Gods kingdom. Gods kingdom Es. 9.7.40.13. Dan. 2.44. Ps. 99.1.& 115.3. What is meant by that? His dominion and rule over all his Creatures, whereby he governeth all things, according to his own will, power, and wisdom, by his own powerful Spirit, to his own glory. Ro. 11.36. Ps. 97.6. Esa. 48.11. Eph. 1.12.14. Ro. 11.34.& Eph. 1.11. Ro. 11.32. Eph. 1.4. Ps. 33.6.7, &c. 146.6.7. Jer. 10.12. And this he doth by decree from all Eternity, it being unsearchable and immutable. What are we to consider in Gods Decree? The Decree itself,& the executing of it. What is the Decree itself? It is an action of God by which from all eternity hat● determined all things to bee done necessary, yet freely according to his own will. How is this Decree executed? 1. By creating all thing. 2. By Providence. What was the first thing that was Created? The world with all things in it, and they were made of nothing, by all the persons in Trinity, in six dayes, and six nights, the last work of the Creation, being Man. What parts doth man consist of? 1. Of a Body, Gen. 2.7. Eccl. 12.7. which was made of the dust of the earth, which at death shall return to earth 2. Of a soul which was made of a spiritual substance, breathed by God into the Body, to give it life, and is immortal, as appeareth. Eccl. 12.7. luke. 23.46. Act. 7.59. luke. 23.43. Mat. 10.28. Ps. 49.15. Mat. 22.32. Rev. 6.9. and 7.9. What is Gods providence? It is a temporary action of God, whereby he moveth and directeth all things, Providence. after the counsel of his own will to their proper ends, suffering and directing them, and effectually disposing them to good ends, Eph. 1.11. Ro. 11.36. Zach. 4.10. Ps. 15.3. Jer. 23.23. Col. 3.11. Psal. 139.2. and 119.91. How is Gods providence seen in man? 1. Partly by preserving his life on earth, during the time allotted by God himself. Act. 17.28 Ps. 36.6. Gen. 1.28. Eccl. 1.4. 2. Partly by propagating his kind to the Worlds end, by propagation and generation. How was man Created? After the image of God, in the state of innocency, without sin, being left to himself, to stand or fall. How did he loose this? Adams fall By Adams transgressing the Covenant, which he made with God, by eating the forbidden fruit. How came he to fall? 1 By Gods permission, Origi● 16. not by instiling any evil into him, or by taking from him any ability to good. 2 By suffering Satan to assail him. 3 By leaving him to the liberty and mutability of his own will, and not hindering his fall by supply of further grace. What followed upon this transgression to o●● first Parents? 1 Guilt of conscience, and horror for ●i●. Curse. 14 2 shane of face, upon nakedness of body. 3 fear, and flying from Gods presence. 4 The Curse of the earth. 5 Labour, even to the sweat of brows. 6 Expulsion from Paradise, to live with beasts. Did this estate end and determine with them? No, their sin was the sin of all men, and we thereby became sinners, and guilty of eternal condemnation. Rom. 5.12.5.15, 16, &c. They not only lost for themselves the Image and favour of God but deprived their posterity of that blessed estate. For what reason was this? 1 Adam was not a private man in this act, but represented the person of all mankind, and as he had received grace and strength for himself and all his posterity, so he lost the same for all. As we should have partaken in his happiness, if he had stood, so was his transgression, and misery ours. 2 All we that are descended from him by natural generation, were all in his loins, ●nd were a part of him when he fell, and so ●●nned in him, and in him deserved eternal ●●ndemnation. As a leprosy in the Parent, is made the Childrens, and as the Children of a slave, are slaves to many generations, if they be not made free; and as a Traitortaints the blood of his issue, if not restored. So by their sin, Ps. 51.5. by Gods just judgement, we are conceived in sin, and born in Iniquity. What is sin? It is a breach and swerving from Gods Law and Commandement, sin. 1 Joh. 3 4. Gen. 4.7. making the sinner guilty before God, and liable to the curse of the Law. What sort of sins are there? 1 Sin imputed, Ro 5.12. 1 Cor. 15.22. which is without us, and this was our first Parents sin,& ours by imputation, both for transgression and guilt. 2 sin inherent within us, which is of two kindess. 1 That which defiles our nature, Col. 3.9. Gen. 6.5. Esa 48.8. called original sin. 2 That which defiles our actions, called actual sin. What is original sin? Original. It is a sin, wherewith all that are naturally descended from Adam, are defiled, from their first conception, and it infecteth all the power and faculties of the soul and body, making them slaves to sin, and being the principal cause of all other sins. And it consists not only in the deprivation of Justice, and absence of good, Ja. 1. 14. Rom. 7.21. Rom. 7.7. but also in a continual presence of an evil principle, and wicked property, whereby we are all naturally inclined to all evil. Its called concupiscence. What is actual sin. It is a breach of Gods Commandement, actual. acted by us after the manner of Adams transgression, and it is committed either 1 Inwardly, Ro. 5.14. Gen. 6.5. Mt. 15.19. Joh. 13.2. Acts 5.3. by evil thoughts of a mans own conceiving, or by the suggestion of the devil, or by evil motions and lusts, striving in the heart against the righteousness of the Law. 2 Outwardly, Esa 3.8. Mt. 15.15. by evil words and deeds arising from those corrupt thoughts. Are actual sins of one sort? No, for there are some sins of Omission, which is a breach of the Commandement, that biddeth: some of Commission, which is a breach of the Commandement, that forbiddeth. And these are diversfly considered. 1 In regard of the object offended, some being directly against God, some against our neighbours, either public or private, some against a mans own self. 2 In regard of the disposition followed: either as we partake with the sins of others, Esa. 6.5. 1 Sam. 3.13. Act. 7.58. Rom. 1.32. Mr. 6.25. as when we wink at them, or conceal them, or when we further them, by consent, presence, or counsel, or when we provoke them to sin. 2 Or when wee commit sin in our own person. What distinction is there of those sins? 1 Some are of ignorance, either out of an erring Conscience, 1 Tim. 1.15. Ps. 19.12. 1 Cor. 8.7. which a man doth not either know or observe. Or of an affencted ignorance, whith increaseth a fault. 2 Some are done of Knowledge. What are the differences of sins of knowledge. 1 Some are of infirmity or tentation, for fear of evil, Ro. 7.19. Mt. 26.69.70. Ps. 19.13. Eccl. 8.11 Heb. 6.4.5.6.10.29. Mr 3 29, 30. or hope of good. 2 Some are of presumption, obstinacy, and stubborness, which( without Gods grace) may in time proceed to wilful malice against God and his truth, and the unpardonable sin against the Holy Ghost. What is the sin against the Holy Ghost. Sin against the Holy Ghost. It is a malicious falling from, and resisting the Gospel, after enlightening,& a taste felt of it, manifested in outward action by some blasphemous oppugning the truth, of set hatred, because it is the truth. And it is so called, not because it is against the third Person in Trinity onely( for it is against all three) but because it is committed against the light of knowledge, with which the holy Ghost hath enlightened the offender, and that of set malice: for every one that sinneth against his knowledge, may be said to sin against the Holy Ghost, Acts 5.3. as Ananias and Saphira are said to do. Infidels and Heathen do not commit this sin, nor any that are ignorant, though maliciously they blaspheme the truth. Peter, though he denied Christ, and cursed himself, did not commit this sin, because it was to save his life: Mr. 12.31. Heb. 6.6. nor Paul, because he did it of ignorance. But the Pharisees did, because they did it of set malice, knowing it was the truth. What punishment followeth this sin? 1 God hath said, it shal never be pardonned. 2 It must not be prayed for. 1 Jo. 5.16. 3 It is the ordinary& first sin of the devil, and therefore he is never to be received to mercy, nor any other that are guilty of it. What are the things that generally follow sin? Punishment of sin. 1 Guilt. 2 Punishment. What is the guilt of sin? It is the desert of sin, Ro. 2.15.3 3.9. Gal. 3.10, whereby the sinner is liable to punishment: and it hath this evil accompanying it, befort the punishment, that it maketh the mind unquiet, in respect of the fear of punishment which hangeth over the head of the sinner. What is the punishment? 2 It is the wages of sin, Gen. 2.17. Joh 3.18. Esa 64.5, 6 ●om 6 12. Gal. 3.10. even the wrath and curse of God: a bodily and spiritual death, begun here, and accomplished in the life to come. Cannot we satisfy Gods wrath for our sins? No, 2 Cor. 3.5. for we daily run into it, being by nature Children of wrath, and not able so much as to think a good thought, therefore unable to appease Gods infinite wrath against sin. How then can wee bee restored to Gods favou●? God himself hath found out the means, Gal. 3.21, 22. by a Covenant of grace and this, by a Mediator, which is his mere mercy to us in Christ. How is this brought to pass? Redemption. The Father sent his Son to accomplish the work of mans redemption, and both those persons in Trinity, sand the Holy Ghost to work saving grace in our hearts, and to apply unto our souls the holinesse purchased by the obedience of Jesus Christ, whereby the favour of God and eternal salvation is promised, together with the means thereof, which is Christ, and in him conversion, justification, and sanctification. What is mans part in this Covenant? Christ the Meditor. Jo. 1.2, &c. Act. 16.31. It being Gods free gift, nothing is required on his part, but the receiving the grace offered, which is done by faith in Christ, whence followeth new obedience, whereby the faithful walk worthy of the grace received, and this is also by Gods grace. Who is this Mediator between God and Man? Jesus, the Son of the Virgin Mary, luke. 2.11. Mar. 1.21. 1 Tim. 2.5. the promised M●ssias, Christ. What do the Scriptures teach concerning Christ our Mediator? 1 His person. 2 His office. Jo. 1.14. 1 His person, is the second in the Godhead, made Man, wherein are to be considered 1 The distinction of the two natures. 1 His divine, or God-head, which maketh the person. 2 His human nature, 1 Tim. 3.16. Gal. 4.4. Ro. 1.3.4.9.5. or Manhood which hath its existence in the person of the Godhead, by which we believe that he is both the Son of God, and the Son of Man. What believe you concerning his God-head? That he is the only begotten Son of God the Father, Jo. 1.14.3.18. Heb. 7.3. his word, wisdom, Character, and Image, begotten of his substance, before all Worlds: without Father, touching his manhood; and without Mother, according to his Godhead. God of God, light of light, very God of very God, begotten, not made, God coessential, coeternal, and coequal with the Father, and the Holy Ghost. Why is he called the onely begotten son of God? Because he is the alone Son of God by nature: for though others be the Sons of God by Creation, Jo. 1.14.3.18. Hebr. 7.3. as Adam, and the Angels, and others by Adoption and Regeneration, as the Saints: yet none is his Son by natural generation, but Christ Jesus, and that in regard of his God-head, not his Manhood. How is he said to bee conceived by the Holy Ghost. Because the Holy Ghost by his incomprehensible power, wrought his conception supernaturally: not that any substance of the Holy Ghost( which is indivisible) came to his Generation, in the womb of the Virgin formed onely of her substance, she continuing a pure Virgin. How is his Godhead proved. 1. By divers places of Scripture, as Esa. 7.14. and 9.6. and 25.9. joh. 1.1. and 20.28. and Rom. 9.5. 1 joh. 5.20. 2. By his Miracles, Rom. 1.4. especially by raising himself from death. 3. By the continuance and victory of the Gospel, and that, Act. 5.39. Zac. 4.6. Ro. 12.11 not by carnal power or policy, but only by the power of his Spirit, and patient suffering of his Saints. Why was it requisite our Saviour should be God? Christ God Psal. 49.7. 1 Th. 1.10 1 Because none could satisfy for sin, nor be a saviour of souls but God. 2 Because our sins procured the infinite wrath of God, the Satisfaction for them must bee infinitely meritorious to appease that wrath, which none but God could do. 3 No creature was able to overcome the enemies of our Salvation, the devil, Hell, Ro. 1.4. Heb. 2.14. Death and Damnation. 4 None but God was able by his satisfaction to raise us from the death of sin, and give us eternal life. 5 None but God could give us the holy spirit, and by it seal the graces of it to our souls, and renew our corrupt nature. Being God before all worlds, Christ, man. how came he to be Man? By taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, by being born of the Virgin Mary, and conceived by the holy ghost, whereby he became true man, like to us in all things, except sin, and this appeareth by many testimonies of Scripture, Heb. 1.6. Jo. 1.14. Math. 1.18.9.27. Gen. 3.15. Heb. 2.17. 1 Tim. 2.5. 1 Pet. 3.18. jo. 4.6.7. Lu. 31. Heb. 2.9.14.15. Why was our Saviour to be Man? 1 Because he was to suffer& die for our sins, which God could not do. 2 To perform obedience to the Law, Rom. 8.3. 1 Cor. 15.21. Heb. 2.14. &c. which in his Godhead he could not. 3 To satisfy Gods justice in the same nature, by which it was offended. 4 For our comfort, in having access to the throne of grace, in our necessities, having such a high Priest, Heb. 4.14.15, 16. as was tempted like us, and was acquainted with our infirmities in his own person. 5 That as we must be saved by our own nature, so sanctified by one of our own nature. Are his natures separated? His nature. No, for though they be distinguished in substance, properties, and actions, Jo. 1.14. Heb. 2.16. Mar. 1.23. yet they were inseparably joined in the first moment the holy Virgin conceived, by assuming the human nature into the person of the son of God, and in that person, uniting it to the Godhead, so making one Christ, God, and Man, as we see that one three being set into another, groweth into the stock thereof, and becometh one three, though there be two natures, or kind of fruit still remaining. Hither to of Christs person, Christs office. what is his Office? To be alone the Mediator, Intercessor, 1 Tim. 2.5. Heb. 9.15. Jo. 14.6. Mt. 1.11. and Advocate betwixt God and man, to reconcile us to God, and to work our salvation. And he is called Jesus, a saviour, because he came to save his people from their sins, Esa. 61.1. &c. Act. 4.26 Luke 4.18. Heb. 1.9. and Christ which was anointed, because he was anointed of God with all gifts and graces of the holy spirit to bee a Prophet, Priest, and King, for all his people, and so for me. 1 His Priesthood was the first part of his Mediation, consisting of two parts. Priesthood 1 His satisfaction, for the sin of Man. 1 By performing that obedience, which we did owe. 2 By suffering that punishment, which was due to our sins. What are the parts of Christs satisfaction by his obedience? Sufferings 1 His sufferings. Phil. 2.8. 1 Pet. 2.24. job 33.24. 2 His perfect righteousness. By the first he was to merit forgiveness of sins to us, by the second righteousness: both which are necessary required for our justification. How did he satisfy by his sufferings? 1 In soul, In soul. by drinking the full cup of Gods wrath, by which he felt unspeakable vexations, griefs, troubles, fears of mind, feeling as it were the pangs of Hell. 2 In body, In Body. by scourging, spitting, buffeting( as is recorded in the story of his passion) and lastly death, Phil. 2.8. and that the most reproachful, and ignominious death of the cross. Why would he be butted? His burial Mt. 27.59 Act. 2.14. 1 Cor. 15.55. Descent into Hell Ro 10.7. Eph. 4.9. Act. 2.24. Rom. 6.9. 1 To show the certainty of his death. 2 To loosen in the grave the sorrows of death. What is meant by his discent into Hell? Not to the place of the damned, but that his soul went into heaven, and his body for a season, under the power of death. 2 What is the other part of his satisfaction? His righteousness. Ps. 40.78. Rom. 3.19 5.19. 2 Cor. 5.21 1. 1.30. Ro. 8.14. Gal. 4.4.5. His perfect righteousness, whereby he absolutely fulfilled the whole law of God for us, who were not able to do it: so that he took away our unrighteousness,& freed us from the punishment due to us for sin, and made us just, and Holy in Gods sight, purchasing eternal happiness for us. What is the second part of Christs Priesthood? His intercession, Intercession. which consists of divers branches. 1 In his continual request to God the Father for us, by virtue of his own merits. 2 In freeing us from the accusation of our adversaries. 3 In teaching us by his spirit, to pray to God, and presenting and making our prayers acceptable to him. 4 In covering our sins by applying the virtue of his mediation. What is his prophetical office? Prophet. Ro. 5.15. &c. 2 It consists of divers particulars; of this general; That he communicates to Man that grace and Redemption which he hath purchased from his Father. Jo. 5.21.17.2. Luk. 4.18.19. 1 By instructing his Church, and discovering the way to salvation, by his word, and ministry. 2 By declaring the whole will of his Father to us, Esa. 61.3, 4 Ps. 2.6, 7. Luk. 4.18. Mt. 17.5. Heb. 3.1, 2 and expounding the same. 3 By causing us to understand and believe it. 4 By purging his Church from errors. 3 What is his Kingly Office. King. Ps. 110.1. Eze. 34.24 Es. 9.7. Luke 1.32, 33. It is the exercise of that power given him by God over all, for the spiritual government and salvation of his elect, and for the destruction of his and their enemies. How doth he show himself to be a King? 1 By that power which he shewed in vanquishing death and hell: Acts 10.30 Eph. 4.8. in quickening his dead body, and ascending into heaven. 2 In gathering his people to him, which he had formerly redeemed. 3 In ruling and defending them, 1 Cor. 15.25. Esa 6.9.30 21. Mt. 25.24 31.33, 34. and applying those blessings to them, which he purchased for them. 4 In governing his Church in this world by prescribing laws to it, inspiring his servants by the power of his spirit according to his word. 5 by his last judgement in the World to come. Having shewed that which concerneth the Mediator of the New Testament, what are we to consider in the condition of mankind which hold by him. 1 The participation of the grace of Christ, and the benefits of the gospel. 2 The means which God hath ordained for the offering and effecting of the same. To whom doth God reveal, and apply the Covenant of grace? Jo. 14.22.17.9. Mt. 11.25 1 Cor. 2.8. &c. The Church. Gal. 3.26, &c. Jo. 1.12.17.14. Eph. 2.10. 1 Tim. 3.15. Tit. 2.14. catholic Eph. 5.23. Jo. 10.16. Gal. 3.28. Rev. 7.9.17. 1 Not to the world, but to his Church, called out of the world; not to the reprobate, but to the elect: What is the Church of Christ? A company of men& women called out of the world, to believe and live in Christ, and endued accordingly with spiritual graces for the service of God. Or rather, the whole number of Gods elect, which are admitted into fellowship with Christ Jesus. do you believe in the catholic Church? No, I believe there is a catholic Church( though not always to be seen with mans eyes) and that God hath a certain number of his chosen children, which he calls and gathers to himself, that Christ hath such a flock selected out of all nations, ages, and conditions of men, and that my self am one of that company. I believe there is a catholic Church, not in the catholic Church. Why is this Church called Holy: Holy. Rev. 7.14. Eph. 5.26.27. Col. 1.21.22. Because she hath washed her robes, in the blood of the Lamb, and being cleansed and sanctified with the washing of water by the word, is presented and accepted as holy before God; for though the Church on earth be in itself finfull, Cor. 1.22.23. Eph. 4.4. &c. Col. 2.9. yet in Christ the head, it is holy. What is meant by catholic? The universal company of the elect, that ever were, are, or shall be gathered together in one body, knit together in one faith, under one head Christ Jesus; part whereof are already in heaven, triumphant, part yet one earth, militant. What do you call the Church Triumphant, Triumphant. Heb. 12.23 Rev. 7.14.16. and wherefore? The blessed company of those that have entred into their Masters joy, and having ended their pilgrimage and labours here on earth, triumph over their enemies, the World, death, and damnation, continually giving praise and thanks to God. What is the Church Militant? Militant. It is the society of those, that being scattered through all parts of the World, are by profession of one faith in Christ conjoyne● to him, 〈◇〉. ●. 3. Mt. 1.18. Ro. 2.29. 1 Pet. 4. to fight under his banner against their enemies, the World, the flesh and the devil. In which respect, the true militant Church is both visible, and invisible, the elect being not to be discerned from the reprobates, till the last day. What especial privileges have the true Members of the catholic Church? 1 The Communion of Saints. Heb. 12.12 23. Eph. 2.19. Ro. 8.33. 1 Cor. 15.52. Act. 24.15. Ro. 6.23. 1 Cor. 1.30 2 forgiveness of sins. 3 The resurrection of the body. 4 Life everlasting. And four recorded by Saint Paul, in that golden sentence, Ye are of him in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom and righteousness, Justification, and Redemption. 1 The restoring of saving wisdom which was lost, 1 Tim. 6.16. which is to be found in Gods Word, and to which we come by Christ. 2 By this righteousness is meant our whole justification, which consisteth in remission of sins, and the imputation of Christs righteousness. 3 Sanctification is freedom from the tyranny of sin, Ro. 6.14. Ps. 19.14. into the liberty of righteousness begun here and increased daily, till it be perfected in the life to come. 4 Redemption is the happy state, which the Children of God shall have in the last day. What other benefits have we by the Covenant of grace? Communnion with Christ, and his whole Church, which we call the Communion of Saints, the fellowship with Christ the head, and all true Christians the members of his body. What benefit have wee by the Communion with Christ? Justification. Justification, and glorification. What is Justification? It is the sentence of God, whereby he of his grace, for the righteousness of his Son, by God imputed to us, Ro. 8.30.33. 1 Cor. 1.30.33. 1 Cor. 1.30. Phil. 3.9. and by faith apprehended by us, doth free us from sin and death, and account us righteous unto life; delivering us from the guilt and punishment of all our sins, and by the said imputation of Christs righteousness, wee are restored to a better righteousness then wee had bebefore in Adam. Yet this Justification is not any inherent righteousness in us, or performed by us, but a perfect righteousness in Christ, whereby he paid our debt. If Christ paid our debt, how are we freely justified by grace? It is of grace that Christ was given to us, and that by his righteousness apprehended by faith, is accounted ours: so that Christ paying so dear a price for us, it was of his free grace, and a free grace from God the Father too, to accept that satisfaction from a surety which he might have challenged from us, the principals to the utmost farthing. How is this justification applied to us, Rom. 5.1.10.10. Jer. 23.6. and apprehended by us? It is done on our part by Faith alone, working by love, and that not as a virtue inherent in us, but onely as an instrument or hand of the soul, held out to lay hold upon the Lord our righteousness. So that Faith justifieth only relatively in respect of the object which it fasteneth on, to wit the righteousness of Cstrist, by which we are justified. How many ways is the word Faith taken in Scripture? Faith. 1 Sometimes for faithful dealing between men called fidelity. Mt. 3.13. Act. 2.10. 1 Pet. 5.12 1 Tim. 5.12. 2 Sometimes for the faith, or fidelity of God towards men. 3 For mans faith towards God, which is here meant, and this is taken two ways 1 For things to be believed, as the whole doctrine of Faith, or points of religion, as Act. 6.7.& 13.8. Ro. 1.5,& 3.31.& 12.3.6.& 16.26. call. 1.12.&. 3.2.& 5.23. 1. Tim. 1.2.& 4.1&. judas. 3. 2 For the action apprehending or believing the same, Rom. 10.7 viz. that work of God in man, whereby he gives assent and credit to God in his word, and applieth that, which any way concerns him in particular, how general soever it be: and this faith is set out by two names. 1 The substance of things hoped for: Heb. 11.1. things that yet are not, Faith makes them to have a being as if they were already. 2 The evidence of things not seen: by which is meant, that Faith makes a clear demonstration( as through a perspective glass) of things a far off, and yet not visible, as if they were near at hand. How many kinds of Faith are there? In general two. 1 The common faith to all, which all men have, or may have. 2. That which none hath or can have, but the Elect, it being proper only to them. 2. Th. 3.2. Rom. 11.32. Tit. 1.1. 2. Cor. 1●. ●. Of the Common Faith there are two sorts. historical 1 historical, which is a knowledge and persuasion of the truth of Gods Word, concerning the letter and story of it, as that there is one God only, and in that God a Trinity and Unity; that Jesus Christ is the Saviour of the World, &c. 2 Temporary, Temporary. Mt. 13.20 21. Luk. 8.13.14. Miraculous. 1 Cor. 13.2. Mt. 21.2.7.22. Mr. 9.3. Act. 14.9. which is a joyful entertaining of the promises of the gospel, with some seeming confidence, yet( being not rooted) lasteth but for a time, and comes to nothing. What faith is it which is called extraordinary? It is the Faith of Miracles, which is a cleaving to some special and singular promise, either for some extraordinary act, or for receiving some outward good, in an extraordinary manner. By this faith Iudas might work miracles, as the other Disciples might, and by it many might be healed by our Saviour in their bodies, who were not healed in their souls. What is the true saving and justifying faith proper only to the elect? Justifying It's such a firm assent of the mind to the truth of the Word, as flows into the heart, and causeth the soul to embrace it as good, and to build its eternal happiness on it. The general object whereof, is the whole truth of God revealed, but the special object of it, is, the promise of remission of sins, by our Lord Jesus. And this justifying Faith may be considered two ways. 1 Eph. 2.8. Phll. 1.29. Eph. 1.19. Joh. 6.45. Mt. 16.13. Either as God works it in mans heart, by enabling him to believe, Faith being Gods gift, and by his power raising mans heart to it by enlightening the understanding to see the truth, and the rich offers of grace in our Lord Jesus. 2 By enabling the will to embrace them. Ezec. 36.26. Joh. 6.44. 3 As mans heart works by it to God again. In which respect, man is said to believe, yet this is by Gods enabling him to believe, and causing man to come to him, so that justifying Faith consists, in having a mind to know Christ, and a will to rest upon him. And this is sure, that whosoever relieth upon Christ the Saviour of the World for justification and pardon, Gods Word saith, that he by so doing is actually justified and pardonned. What are the Concomitants of justification? Ro. 5.10. Eph. 2.12, 13. 1 Joh. 1.3. Heb. 12.22 1 Reconciliation, whereby wee that were enemies to God, are made his friends: we that were rebels are received into favour: and wee that were aliens from God, are brought near through Christ. 2 Adoption which is our privilege to be sons of God, derived to us from Christ, Joh. 1.12. Ephe. 1.9. Heb. 2.10. who by his incarnation became our brother, that by him God might bring many sons and daughters unto glory. What benefits have we by adoption? 1 Some privative freedom from grievances, as from the slavery of sin, Ro. 6.14.8 1.15. from condemnation: from servile fears and terrors: from the curse and condemning power of the Law ceremonial& moral; freed from the rigorous exaction of the work of it, but not from the doctrine of holiness in it; not from service, but from slavery. 2 Some positive. Gal. 4.6. Ro. 8.15. 2 Cor. 6.3. Ro. 8.28.32. As free access to the throne of grace by prayer. An interest in Gods particular, and special providence. A free and sanctified use of Gods creatures restored, which was forfeited in Adam. What is the other benefit which Christians receive by their Communion with Christ? Glorification and sanctification, Glorification. which is the renewing of our nature according to the Image of God, in righteousness, and true holiness, which is begun in this life and called sanctification, and perfected in the life to come which is called glory. Sanctification. How far is our nature renewed in this life by sanctification? The whole nature( though not wholly) is renewed, 1 Th. 5.23 Ro. 12.1. The understanding enlightened the will rectified, the affections regulated, and the outward man reformed, Jo. 13.6. Ps. 51.10. Eze. 36.26 and this by the powerful operation of the Spirit of God, who having begun a good work in us will perfect it unto the day of the Lord. What are the parts of it? Ro. 6.6.7. 1. Mortification or dying unto sin, and thereby freedom from the Dominion thereof, by the death of Christ. 2. Rev. 26. Jo. 17.17. Ps. 119.9. Uivification, or quickening unto newness of life, by the power of the resurrection of Christ. In regard whereof, it is called also, our first resurrection. The rule and square thereof, being the whole holy Word of God, as containing that will of his, which is even our sanctification. And this word of God is, Ro. 12.1. 1 Th. 3.3. &c. both the Law and the Gospel, the old Testament, and the New. How is the Gospel a rule of obedience being the rule of Faith? As the Law requireth obedience, 1 Tim. 1.9.10.11. so the Gospel directeth the faithful to perform it, only with difference. 1 Of the manner: Jo. 5.23.14.1. the law propounding God to be worshipped by us in himself, as our Creator: the gospel, in Christ, as our Saviour. 2 Of the end: 1 Thes. 5.18. the law requiring all duties, as for the procurement of our own salvation: the gospel in way of thankefulness, for salvation in Christ, already bestowed. 3 Of the effect: Ro. 10.5.6 8. the law requiring obedience, but vouchsafing no assistance( supposing man in the state of Creation) the gospel both offering and conferring grace to the regenerate, in that which it requireth. Yet as the law saveth notwithout the gospel, so the gospel saveth not without the law. What is that law which with the direction of the gospel, The law. is the rule of Sanctification. The moral, or law of Nature, engraven by God himself first, Jam. 2.8. in the heart of man in his Creation, and after, in tables of ston in the dayes of Moses, and published and committed to the Church for al ages, as the royal law, for obedience to God our King. Did God give no other law but the moral? ceremonial. Yes. 1 The ceremonial, which was a direction in outward worship, Heb. 10.1, &c. shadowing the grace of the Gospel, the substance whereof being now exhibited, those shadows are utterly abolished, by the death of Christ. 2 The judicial, wherein God appointed a form of pilitique and civill government of the Jews Common-wealth, which is determined with the dissolution of that state, except only in the general equity and substance. What is the moral Law? moral. Deu. 5.32.12, 32. Gal. 10, &c. Jam. 2.8. That which commandeth the perfection of godliness and righteousness, and directeth us in our duties to God and man, from the burden whereof,( which exacteth in our own persons perfect obedience, and from the curse of that law due to disobedience) we are delivered by Christ, but from the Commandement, as a rule of life, wee are not freed. How many Commandements are there in the Law? The two Tables. Deu 4.13.10.14. Mt. 22. Two, and they are divided into two Tables, which Christ calleth the two great Commandements. 1 The first containing our duty to God, in the four first. 2 The second our duty to man in the last six. 1 The sum of the first is, Deut. 6.5. Mr. 22.37 38. Luke 10.27. Luke 19.19. Mr. 22.39 1 Joh. 5.2. 1 Tim. 4.5 Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind. 2 The sum of the second is, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. And the sum of both, is love. How are the Commandements of the first Table divided? They either respect the roote of Gods worship as the first: or the branch, The decalogue. as the three following: the first having its reason going before, the other three after. Why is the reason of the first set before? Because it serves not only for a reason of this Commandement, but as a preface to al the ten, and hath reference to them all. Which is the Preface? I am the Lord thy God which brought thee out of the land of Egypt, Preface. and out of the house of bondage. What ground of obedience is laid in this reason? That this law is to be obeied, Ps. 100.3.36.6. 1 Tim. 4.10. because it proceedeth from him, who is not only the Lord our Maker, but also our God, and Saviour. How doth this belong to us, which are no Israelites? Though we be not Israel in name, or according to the flesh, yet we are the true Israel of God, according to the Spirit& promise: and it figureth the spiritual deliverance from Satan by Christ, and therefore belongeth no less,( if not more) to us, then to them. What are the words of the first Commandement? Thou shalt have no other Gods before me, Exod. 20.3. What is the scope of this Commandement? 1 That this Jehovah, Mt. 22.33 one in substance, and three in persons, the creator and governor of all things, and the redeemer of his people, is to be received for the only true God, in all the powers of our soul. 2 That the inward and spiritual worship of the heart( which is the ground of the outward) is to be given to him, Ps. 23.26. Deut. 5.29 Jer. 17.10. & none other, and that without hypocrisy, as to be done before him, who searcheth and knoweth the heart. What is forbidden in this Commandement? original Corruption, Rom. 8.7. so far forth as it is the fountain of all impiety against God, with all the streams thereof. What is required in it? That wee set up, Esa. 8.13. Deut. 11.22. Ios. 23.8. Act. 11.23 and sanctify the Lord God in our hearts, yielding to him in Christ, that inward and spiritual worship, which is due to his Majesty, which consists in knowing him in himself, his attributes, and works, and in adhering and cleaving to him, In persuasion of Gods love to us, and in our love to him. What are the particulars of this Commandement? 1 The having of a God, Religion. and therein we consider Religion. 2 The having of one only God, and no more, and herein Unity. 3 The having of the true God, and no other for our God, and herein truth. What is it to have a God? To know him, to worship him, to depend wholly upon him, and to yield absolute obedience to his will. To know him as he hath revealed himself in his words, works, and Attributes. To have faith in believing what is written in his word of him, and to apply ourselves to his good Promises. To serve him with a perfect heart, and willing mind, in a holy conversation, and to put our whole confidence in him patiently evpecting his good pleasure in all things and meekly endure his correction. To fear him for his power and justice, and do nothing but for his glory. To reverence his Majesty, and serve him with an humble and reverend deportment. To be thankful to him, and praise him for his benefits. To joy in God, and rejoice to see him honoured, and to have spiritual grief and indignation at all offences against his honour. 2 What is required in the second branch of this Commandement? Unity in Religion, Unity in Religion. wee must have one God, and no more, and to attain to this unity, we must have four principal gifts. 1 An upright and single heart, ready to embrace true Religion, and none other. 2 Constancy& continuance in the truth. 3 Godly courage to stand to the truth against the enemies of it. 4 A holy zeal of the glory of God. Who are said to have other Gods? 1 They that commit inward Idolatry in their heart, Ezek. 14.3 Iro. 18.11. Ps. 62.10. instead of God. 2 They that sinfully confided in the creatures or themselves. 3 They that ascribe the glory of any good thing to themselves, or the Creature, Joh. 17.5. 2 Chr. 16.12. more then to God. 4 They that seek help from the Devil, by witches or the like. 5 They that sinfully fear other things, more then God. 3 What is required in the last branch of this Commandement? True Religion, because we are commanded to have the true God, True religion. and none other for our God. How shall we come to the true Religion? 1 By labouring earnestly to find out the truth. 2 We must examine by the word, whether it be the truth which we have found. 3 When wee by trial have found the truth, we must rest in it. By what means shall wee come to the knowledge of God? 1 By Prayer. 2 By a simplo heart desirous of knowledge, without curiosity to know more then God would have us know. 3. By hearing& reading the word, and holy writings. 4 By meditating on the word, and conference with others. 5 By diligence and delight in hearing and remembering what we learn, and practising it. 6 By meditating on Gods creatures. The second Commandement. What do you consider in this Commandement? 1 The Injunction. 2 The reasons to strengthen the same. What are the words of the Injunction? Thou shalt not make to thyself any graved Image, &c. 2 The words of the reason are, For I the Lord thy God am a jealous God, &c. What is the scope of this Commandement? To bind all men to that solemn form of religious worship, Deut. 12.32. which God in his word prescribeth, and to serve him according to his will, and not our own fancies, or will-worship. What is the main prohibition in it? 1 That we make no Image for worship. 2 That we worship it not when it is made. In the first are included, all private mens inventions in Gods service, new Sacraments new ministry, prayers, fastings, or vows, to serve him with all. In the second, the use and practise of such inventions, and the abuse of things lawfully commanded. What is generally required in it? To worship and serve God in that holy manner, which he in his word requireth. 1 By using al holy exercises of religion, public and private, which he commandeth. 2 By performing them with reverence& diligence to Gods glory, and our own good; and this we are to do in body and soul both, because God made both. 3 By preparing ourselves, and considering what we go about, and in disposing of our mind in the action itself. What are the parts of Gods worship? 1 Prayer, public and private. Prayer. 2 Reading, hearing, meditating upon, and practising his word. 3 Due administering and receiving the Sacraments. 4 Meditating upon the Creatures, and praising God for them. What are the parts of prayer Ordinary. Ordinary. 1 Confession, which is a sacrifice of a broken heart, and wounded soul, having a true sense of our sins. 2 Petition, for things we need, and in that to have a sense of our wants, and confidence in Gods promises. 3 Thanksgiving for benefits received, wherein we are to consider the greatness of them. Extraordinary. What less ordinary? 1 Fasts public and private, for preventing or taking away Gods judgements. 2 solemn thanksgivings for spiritual& temporal blessings. 3 Making and performing holy vows to God. What outward things accompany Gods worship? 1 ecclesiastical Ceremonies, for Order and Decency, and these are left to the discretion of the Church. 2 Comely and reverend gestures of the body, as kneeling, lifting up the eyes and hands to Heaven, silence, &c. 2 What is required in the second branch of this Commandement? That all religious worship and reverence be given to God alone, and not imparted to any other. Who are guilty of the breach of this branch? 1 Practisers of all devilish Arts,& such as seek after them, Lev. 20.6, 7. Deut. 18.10, 11. Isa. 8.19.20. 1 Sam. 28.7. 1 Chron. 19.13, 14. 2 They that worship things that are not God, as the Sun, moon, Angels, Saints, relics, Images and the like, Deut. 4.17.19. Col. 2.18. Revel. 19.10.22.8, 9. Acts 10.25, 26. 3 Such as countenance them, or do any thing that may tend to the promoting of Idolatry. May not the Image of God be made? Acts 17.20. Rom. 1.23 1 No, because he being infinite and invisible, cannot be resembled by any finite or visible thing. 2 Because God appeared not in any shape to the Israelites at the delivery of the Law. 3 What are the reasons to strengthen this Commandement? 1 Partly from his Titles. Gods Titles. Jer. 3.8. 2 Partly from his works. 1 Jehovah, which noteth his essence, and the perfection of it. 2 Thy God, whereby the Covenant of grace is signified, which on our part is violated by no sin more, then by Idolatry, called therefore spiritual adultery. 3 El, which is a mighty and strong God, and therefore perfectly able to destroy. 4 Jealous, whereby the nature of God is signified, loving charity in his Spouse. 2 From his works. works. That he is a just recompencer of the breakers of his law, and a gracious reward of them that keep it. 1 By punishing sin in many generations. 2 By extending his mercy in a far more abundant manner, to them that keep his law. 3 And to show his delight more in mercy then judgement, he visits iniquity, but to the third and fourth generation, but mercy to thousands. The third Commandement? Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain, &c, What is contained in this Commandement? 1 The Commandement itself. 2 The reason. What is the sum of it? That we impeach not, Psal. 29.2. Mt. 5.16. but advance by all means, the name of God in all things, whereby he maketh himself known to all men. What means,[ Thou shalt not take the name of God in vain.] Wee must not mention the name of the Lord, Levit. 21.32. ( which is God himself) his attributes, word, works, Sacraments, rashly, negligently, blasphemously, or profanely. What are the parts of the prohibition? 1 The mentioning or using his name in word or dead, when it should not be used, or without just cause. 2 The using it amiss, or abusing it, when duty binds us to use it with fear and holinesse. What are the parts of the Injunction? Mt. 6.9. Ps. 111.9. Ro. 2.24. Tit. 1.16. Mt. 15.7, 8 9. 1 To sanctify Gods name, as it is holy and reverend. 2 To use all the duties and service of God with reverence. 1 By honouring God and religion, by a holy conversation, 10.33. and not profanely or hypocritically. 2 By confessing of Christs name, even to sufferings. 3 By making an honourable& reverend mention of God, his Titles, Attributes, works, words, and ordinances, Psa. 19.1.2.71.15. Pro. 26. What vices are contrary to this? 1 The taking Gods name upon light occasions. 2. By idle wishes. 3. Gen. 16.5. 2 Sam. 16.8, 9. Jam. 5.12. By imprecations or curses. 4. By blaspheming. 5. By the abuse of oaths. What is the true use of oaths? oaths. To swear in matters of controversy, which cannot be decided without an oath, and this must be done in truth, in righteousness, in judgement. 1 In truth, Jer. 4.2. Ps. 15.4.24 Deut. 6.13. by affirming that wee know to be true. 2 In righteousness, in a due form; by God and not an Idol, or Creature, and to a right end, the glory of God, the good of the Church, and peace among men. 3 In judgement, Es. 65.16.45.23. Heb. 6.16. 2 Chr. 1.13. Ex. 22.11. 1 Sam. 20.17. 2 Cor. 1.23. with due consideration of the nature of an Oath, and the due warrant of it, and in case of importance, when the truth cannot be cleared otherwise. What is contained in the reason? A dreadful penalty, that the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. That God will not suffer this sin to go unpunished, That howsoever mens laws take no hold of offending in this kind, 1 Reg. 2.9. Psal. 1.5. Zach. 5.3. Jer. 5.12. yet God will not acquit them, nor suffer them to go unpunished. The fourth Commandement? Remember that thou keep holy the Sabbath day. What do you observe in this Commandement? 1 The Commandement. 2 The reasons annexed. What is the meaning of it? 1 It challengeth one day in seven from every man, to keep a holy rest, from bodily and ordinary works of their callings, and to separate ourselves from the works of the other fix dayes. 2 To exercise it in public and private prayer, hearing and reading the word, Neh. 13.15, 16. Esa. 58.13, 14. receiving the Sacraments, and meditation,& wholly attending the worship of God. Which is the day set apart for Gods worship? The first day of the week, 1 Cor. 16.2. Rev. 1.20. Act. 20.7. called the Lords day: which before the resurrection of Christ, was the last day, called Saturday And this was altered by divine authority in a thankful remembrance of Christs Resurrection. What particulars do you observe in this Commandement? 1 The entrance, in the word Remember. 2 The parts of the Commandement. Why is the word Remember in this, and no other Commandement? 1 Because this Commandement hath the least light of Nature, to direct us in keeping it. 2 Because we are Naturally mow negligent in it, suffering ourselves to be drawn away by our worldly affairse, from the Lords service on the Lords day. What are wee put in mind of by the word Remember. 1 To compass our business in the six working dayes, Neh. 13.15. and to think of this day before it comes, that we perform the works of the day without interruption, Exo. 31.13. and rest on that day. 2 To sanctify that rest. May we not dress meate that day? Yes, Col. 2.16. for that was only ceremonial to the Jews, and abolished by Christs death. What worldly works may wee do on that day? Mt. 12.5. Act. 1.12. 2 Reg. 11.9. Mt. 12.10.11. Mar. 3.4. Luke 13.15, 16. 1 Such are presently necessary for common honesty or comeliness. 2 Works of piety, requisite for performance of Gods service on that day. 3 works of exigency, and charity, for preservation of the Common-wealth. 4 Actions for preserving the life of man, his health, and goods, in danger of perishing. 2 What is required to sanctify this rest? 1 To make the Sabbath our delight, Esa 58.13. Amos 8.5. Mal. 1.13. and to consecrate it as glorious to the Lord. 2 To do it with joy, without weariness. How are these duties to be performed? 1 Partly in public, in the Church. 2 Partly in private, either secretly by ourselves, or jointly with our family. What be the reasons enforcing to this duty? 1 From equality, that God having allowed us six dayes for our affairs, we are not to think much to allow him a seventh. 2 From Gods own right: Gen. 22, 3 Exo. 31.17. who made the Sabbath, and is Lord of it, its his day, not ours. 3 From Gods example, who restend after the work of Creation, the seventh day. 4 From hope of blessing, for God ordained it not for any good it could do him, but for ours, in spiritual blessings and temporal, if we observe it; if not, a curse in both. The second Table. Wherein is contained our duties toward our neighbours, and ourselves. The first of it, and the fifth in order, is. Honour thy Father and Mother. What is to bee considered in this Commandement? 1 The Commandement. 2 The Reason. What is the scope of it? That men in their several conditions,& qualities, whether superiors, equals, or inferiors, be duly acknowledged and respected. Duties of inferiors. What honour is due from inferiors to superiors? 1 Reverence in heart, word, Levit. 19.2 and behaviour, according to their graces& gifts. 2 Obedience to their Counsels, Rom. 13.1. and subjection to their lawful commands. 3 Prayer to God for them. 4 Imitation of their virtues and graces. What is the duty of superiors? Of superiors. 1 To carry themselves worthy of honour and respect. 2 To be humble and loving to all. 3 To give good example to others. 4 Eph. 5.23.6.9. Of Equals. Ro. 12.10. 1 Pet. 2.17.5.5. Ep 3.5.21. Private. To protect and support those that are committed to them. What is the duty of equals? To live equally one with another in love and respect sociably, comfortably& faithfully. What kindes of superiors are there, and what are the inferiors to them? 1 Some private. 2 Some public. What are the private? In private families, Husband and wife, Parents and Children; Masters, and Servants; In schools, Tutors and Pupils, or Schollers. What is the Husbands duty to the wife? To love her entirely, Eph 5. 1 Pet. 1.7. to provide for her, that which is meet and comely; to defend her from injuries; to dwell with her; to honour her as the weaker vessel; to govern and direct her, and bear with her infirmities. What is the wives to the Husband? To be subject in a moderate way; Eph. 5.22.33. 1 Per. 3.1.6. Pro. 31.11.12. 1 Tim. 3.11. to bee obedient; to be a helper to him, Gen. 2.18. to save that which he provides. What duties are required from Parents to Children? 1 To make them members of the visible Church by baptism. 2 To instruct them in the fear of God, and Religion? 3 To pray for them and bless them. Eph. 6.4. Gen. 4.2. Pro. 20.11.12.6. 1 Cor. 7.36. 2 Cor. 12.14. Pro. 19.14. Luke 5.51. Pro. 10.1.17.25.31.8 Ruth 1.16, 7, 18. 1 Tim. 5.4. Gen. 45.11. judge. 14.6 1 Cor. 7.36. 4 To observe their inclinations,& place them in a calling answerable to their capacities and inclinations. 5 To settle them in due time in the state of marriage. 6 To lay up for them after their death, if not while they live. What is the Childrens duty to Parents? 1 To reverence and obey them carefully after Christs example. 2 To pray for them 3 To behave themselves well for their Parents credite. 4 To bee aiding to them in body and purse if they be able, and to relieve them if they need. 5 Not to bestow themselves in marriage without their consent, Gen. 24, 21,& 21, 17, 46,& 28, 9. What is the Masters duty to the servant? To deal justly with them, Col. 4.1. Eph. 6.. without threatening: to instruct them in the fear of the Lord: Deut. 15.13, 14.24.14, 15. to teach them their trades: to allow them competent maintenance: to reward them at their departure: to give them good example. What are the servants duties? To reverence& obey them in all things agreeable to the word: Gen. 24.10, 11. Eph. 6.6, &c. public. to pray for them: to learn good things of them: to serve them faithfully. What are public superiors and their duties? 1 Ministers of the word, 2 Tim. 4.1, 2. Act. 20.26 whose duty is 1 To be faithful dispensers of the word, not of their own fancies. 2 To comfort and strengthen the weak. 3 To be examples to all in life. What is the peoples duty? To hear them gladly, Mt. 10.14. and to submit to that they shall teach out of Gods Word, Heb. 13.17. To make a competent provision for them, Gal. 6.6. 1 Tim. 5.17, 18. 1 Cor. 9.4, 5, &c. 2 In the Common-wealth, all Civil Magistrates, as Emperours, Kings, or inferior Governours, and their duties are, In respect of Gods matters. 1 To pray for their inferiors that God would make them obedient. 2 Chr. 14.3. 2 To see God honoured, 15.12.17.6. and the abuses in Religion reformed. 3 To settle true Religion amongst them. In respect of civill affairs? 1 To look to the peace of the Commonwealth, 1 Tim. 2.2. Ps. 72.24. and to defend his Subjects from their enemies. 2 To see Justice duly executed. 3 To take care that every one enjoy his own. 4 To cherish the good, Ro. 13.3.4.7. and discountenance the bad. What is the Subjects duty? To pray for them; to assist them with their goods, Mt. 22.17.21. Rom. 13.6, 7. 1 Tim. 2.1, 2. 2 Sam. 21.16, 17.23.15, 16. to adventure their lives for them. Not to rebel when they do wrong, but endure it patiently: to be obedient to them, and their Commands, and laws, agreeable with conscience. 2 The reason annexed to this Commandement? That thy dayes may be prolonged, Deut. 5.16. What is the sum of this promise? The blessing of long life, and prosperity to such as keep this Commandement. Why then are the Godly taken away in the midst of their time, and the wicked live long? 1 God performeth his temporal promises as they are good for us: Esa. 56.20 therefore the godly live so long as serves for Gods glory, and their own good: and the wicked to their further condemnation. 2 It is enough that the promises of this life be performed for the most part. 3 Ther's no loss to the good, to be taken from a worse, to a better life. What are the words of the sixth Commandement? 6 Commandement. Thou shalt not murder. What is the meaning of this Commandement? That the life and person of man( being the Image of God) bee by man preserved and not hurt. Gen. 9.5. 1 Tim. 5.23. 2 Chr. 16.12. Gen. 27.43. Pro. 14.30. 1 Sam. 31.4.2.17.23. Mr. 27.5. Act. 16.27.18. Therefore we are neither to offer violence to ourselves, or our neighbour. What is required in respect of ourselves? To use sober and wholesome diet, and to avoid intemperance. Help of physic, having first had recourse to God. Honest recreation to maintain health. Prevention of unnecessary danger. Giving place to the fury of another. Avoiding extraordinary grief, malice and envy. To shun self murder. What in respect of our neighbour? Gen. 9.5.6. Hos. 42.3. Numb. 35. Deut. 21. Not to take away his life. 1 Either in a duel, upon a sudden heat of blood. 2 Or wilfully upon pretence of malice, which is murder. May not a man kill another in his own defence? Yes, so it be in case of necessity, and imminent danger of losing his own life, as if a thief, or other assault me, I may kill him to save myself. What things are forbidden as furtherers of this sin? Anger, provocations to anger, jealousies, hatred, malice, envy and repining at our neighbours good, desire of revenge. hardness to be reconciled. What are the words of the seventh Commandement? Thou shalt not commit adultery. What is the scope of this Commandement? That all uncleanness and impurity, 2 Cor. 7.1. 1 Th. 4.3.4, 5. and all sins tending thereto, be avoided in body and mind of persons married, or single, and chastity to be preserved. What are the branches of uncleanness? Desire of strange flesh, Col. 3.5. 1 Thes. 4.5. Mr. 5.28. Inward boiling in affection, Ja. 1.15. wantonness in behaviour, and dalliance to provocation of lust, 2 Pet. 2.14. Gen. 39.7. Job 31.1. Ez. 23.14. fleshly pollution, Heb. 13.4. with Beasts, Lev. 18.23.20.15, 16. with unclean Spirits, Sodomy or Buggery. Lev. 18.22.29. and 20.13. Deut. 23.17. Rom. 1.26, 27. Incest with kindred, Lev. 18.6. fornication between single persons, Deut. 22.28. Eph. 5.3. Adultery between married folkes, Polygamy in having many wives at once, Lev. 18.18. Mal. 4.15.16. 1 Cor. 6.16.7.2. What punishments are for breach of this Commandement? 1 Its a judgement of itself, Pro. 22.14. Eccl. 7.26. Rom. 1.24. 2 God judgeth it in this world, and in the world to come, Heb. 13.4. 1 Cor. 6.9.10. Num. 24.8. Gen. 12.17. Prov. 7.23.26. Job 31.9. &c. 1 Cor. 10.8. 2 Sam. 13.14.18. 3 It wasteth the offenders goods and body, Pro. 5.10, 11.6.26. 4 It bereaves a man of understanding and judgement, Hos. 4.11. What helps are there to the obedience of this Commandement? Care to keep a good conscience. Eccl. 7.28. Labour in our vocation. watchfulness over our own spirit, Mal. 2.16. A Covenant with our eyes, Job 31.1. Prayer, Psal. 119.37. Holy Meditation. What are to be avoided? idleness, Ezek. 16.49. 2 Sam. 11.12. 1 Tim. 5.11.13. Gen. 34.1, &c. Lewd Company, Pro. 5.20.7.25. Idle sports. What are the words of the eighth Commandement? 8 Thou shalt not steal. What is the scope of this Commandement? 1 That we diminish not our neighbours goods, nor fraudulently take away that which belongs to another man, or unjustly deteyn it: but promote his good, Eph 4.28. Tit. 2.10 as much as we can. 2 That we justly get our own, and employ them to the uses God hath entrusted us with them. What is forbidden here as furtherers to the sin of theft? Theft. covetousness,& immoderate desire of riches, wherein we may consider, An excessive love of riches, and setting our hearts upon them. 1 Tim. 6.9. Pro. 18.20.22. A resolution to become rich by any means. Too much hast in getting riches, An unsatiable appetite of them, Eccle. 4.8. Pro. 30.15.27.20. 20.2, 3. Cruelty in unmercifulness, and oppression of the poor, Pro. 1.18, 19. Immoderate care in getting riches. What is required as opposite to this sin? contentedness with the estate God hath placed us in, 1 Tim. 6.6, 7, 8. not to covet that which is another mans. 4.8. Pro. 15.16. 1 Tim. 6.8. Submission to Gods providence,& meditation on his promises, Heb. 13.5, 6. 1 Pet. 5.7. Ps. 55.22. Moderation of our appetite, in considering what is necessary for us, Poil. 4.11, 12. Pro. 30.8. What are the kinds of theft? 1 In the family, Pro. 28.24. John 12.6. Tit. 2.10. Pro. 23.10, 11. Mal. 3.8. As the Wife, child or servants purloining the Husbands, Fathers, or Masters goods. 2 Out of the family. As when public treasure is stolen, when things dedicated to sacred uses, are either withheld, or employed to a contrary use. 3 Robbery on the high way, breach of houses, stealing cattle, taking from mens persons. Is there no other kind of theft? Yes, Pro. 21.7. Sap. 6.6. 1 Kings 21. Deut. 25. Luke 3.14. oppression in men of authority, when a man spoileth his neighbors under colour of law, Souldiers plundering their friends, as well as enemies, and Piracy: and the like. Are none but the actors guilty of theft? Yes accessaries,& they are either before or at the time, or after the theft committed. 1 Before and at the time, Ps. 50.18. is he that aideth and hindereth not the theft, Prov. 1.11.13.14.29.24. but counseleth it. 2 After, is he that receiveth and concealeth stolen goods, 2 that shareth, 3 that buyeth, knowing they are stolen. Is there no theft in contracts? Contracts. Yes, 1 In collusion and deceit, 1 Th. 4.6. by circumventing, which is an odious 'vice, Eze. 22.12. Ps. 57.55. ultimo. Mich. 7.2. 2 By lying in buying and selling. Pro. 21.6. 3 When the person selling is not the just owner. 4 When the goods sold are not vendible, Amos 8.6. but bad, and when justice is sold, Am. 2.6. Esa. 5.23.1.23. 5 When the bargain is deceitful, and not sold at a just price. There's one theft more notorious? When men deceive a trust, Trust. Levit. 6.2. either in goods deposited with them, and they restore them not, Or when Executors perform not the will of the Testator, if it lye in their power. What are the words of the ninth Commandement? Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy Neighbour. What is the scope of this Commandement? The preservation of truth amongst men, and of our own, and our Neighbours good name. What is the negative part of it? All false and offensive speech against our Neighbour, either in Courts of Justice, or out. What is the affirmative part? The conservation of the truth, truth. and our neighbours good, famed and name. What is to be considered in the truth? 1 What it is. 2. Whether it be to be professed. 3. After what manner. 1 Truth is a habit of speaking, Ps. 15.2. that which is true from our hearts, and in it 1 That our speech bee agreeable to our mindes. 2. That our minds be agreeable to the thing; for if we speak that which is true, if wee think it false, it is a lie: and if wee speak that which is false, yet think it true, wee speak not truly. 2 Truth must be spoken, else it were better we were dumb, Rom. 10.9 Mr. 10.32. Dan. 3.16. &c. Act. 4.8, &c. lies. Mt. 12.29. Hos. 7.3. Pro. 23.23 Job. 13.7.8. considering the necessity of speaking truth. 3 It must be spoken freely, undauntedly, simply, without guile. How many sorts of lies are there? 1 The merry lie, to delight the hearers, which is vain and condemned. 2 The Officious lie, for our own, or our neighbours profit without hurt to any, condemned also. 3 The pernicious lie, both to the detriment of ourselves and others, and this is either when it is done in public or private. Who effend in public? 1 The judge, 2 the Notary, 3. the plaintiff, 4 the witness. 1 The Judge offendeth, in giving wrong or rash judgement, Pro. 18.13. Acts 25.15.16. 2 Sam. 16.4. Deut. 17.6. Prov. 17.15. Exod. 23.8. Prov 24.23.28.21. Lev. 19.15. Deut. 1.16, 17. Prov. 18.17. 2 The notary, when he makes false entries, or copies, or conceals the truth in them. 3 The plaintiff, Deut. 19.16. Act. 25.7 when he contends for that which is anothers, or sues for trifles. 4 The witness, when he refuseth to give true evidence, being lawfully called, Prov. 24.11.14.29. What persons offend less principal? The Lawyer either in entertaining, Prov. 21.6 or maintaining bad causes, Eccl. 5.7. 2 Chr. 29.2. Or in not defending, or betraying his clients good cause. Who are guilty of private breach of truth? 1 Flatterers: Pro. 28.4.24.24. Act. 12.22. Pro. 29.5. In commending those that deserve not, immoderately, or for their own ends. 2 Detractors either against parties present, Mr 5, 22. 1 Cor. 6, 10. Pro. 16, 28.26.20, 6, 19. Eccl. 7.2.10. Commandement. Concupiscence. or absent, by branding their good name. 3 Whisperers, by sowing discord between friends by carrying tales. What are the words of the tenth Commandement? Thou shalt not covet, &c What sin is here chiefly forbidden? Concupiscence: that is, those secret& internal sins, which go before consent of the will, and are the seeds of all vices, of which sort are wicked and corrupt inclinations, thoughts, and desires. What is the end of this Commandement? 1 It either respecteth God, 2 Our Neighbour, or 3 ourselves. 1 God, Rom. 7.14. as that his laws surpass all human laws, because his law bindeth the heart,& human laws but the hand, tongue, and outward man. 2 Our Neighbour: 1 Cor. 13.5. Pro. 7.7.13.24. Pro. 4, 24. that wee intend nor think any thing to their hurt, but good. 3 ourselves, to discover to us our own corruption, how far we are from that perfection which Gods law requireth. 4 To bee to us a perfect rule of obedience, and teach us how to keep our hearts. 5 To suppress the first and inward motions of sin, and to aspire to that original purity we had at our Creation. What is that Concupiscence here spoken of? 1 Irascible, Irascible. conceived against things wee shun, as anger, hate, malice, &c. 2 Concupiscible, Concupiscible. conceived towards things good and desirable, as love, joy, delights, &c. What concupiscence is lawful? 1 natural, which desireth things good, and necessary for our being. 2 spiritual, Gal. 5.17. prov. 1.19, 40. Ro. 8.6, 7. which fighteth and lusteth against the flesh, and coveteth spiritual things. What is unlawful and evil? 1 habitual, which is an evil inclination and desire to that which is evil, which is a part of original injustice. 2 actual. 1 which is first an evil motion cast into our mindes by the world, flesh, or devil, corrupting the sense, memory and phantasy, whereby wee have a kind of appetite after that which is our neighbours. 2 A longing after it, and wishing for it, Jam. 13.14.15. following that motion. 3 A tickling delight, arising from the pleasure or profit wee might have, if wee enjoyed it. What is forbidden in this Commandement? evil Concupiscence, which is either 1 original, Eph. 4.22. Col. 3.9. Ro. 7.23. Gal. 5.17.24. Heb. 12.1. 2 Or actual. 1 original, is a corruption and disorder of all the powers and faculties of soul and body, disposing them to all evil, which is an evil proneness to the transgression of Gods laws, which by corrupt nature is bread with us, called the old man. The law of members, The law of sin, whereby wee become Children of wrath. Doth this Commandement prohibit this sin? No, for it forbiddeth sins against our Neighbour, as the rest do, of the second Table, and therefore all original concupiscence against our neighbour are here onely forbidden. What are actual concupiscence? They are evil motions, repugnant to charity; and are either 1 vain and unprofitable, so far forth as they fasten mens minds to earthly things and withdraw them from heavenly, or 2 hurtful and pernicious, Mt. 4.19. Ro. 1.24. Ps. 81.12. 1 Pet. 2.11. as they are instruments to sin, or choke the seed of the word in the hearts of carnal men: and make men unsatiable in pursing earthly things, giving them over to vile lusts which fight against the soul. How are these evil thoughts cast in? 1 Either by Satan himself, or his instruments, 1 Chr. 21.1. Jo. 13.2. Luke. 9.46, 47. job. 2.9. 2 Or by our natural corruption, and habitual concupiscence, Gen. 6.5. Luke. 24.38. 2 Cor. 3.5. What concupiscence is here especially forbidden? That of the eyes, because it is the worst, Of the eyes. and fittest to comprehend under it all the rest, and is the root of all the vices forbidden in the other Commandements. What are the means enabling us to the duties of this Commandement. Such as tend to the conserving the heart pure, to shun all sinful concupiscence, as. 1 To walk with God, and to do all things as in his presence. 2 To keep a watch over our hearts. Pro. 14.23. 1 That it admit no evil concupiscence. 2 If it be admitted not to retain it. Can we keep this Commandement? Its impossible, for who can say, 20.9. his heart is clean from the first motions of concupiscence, that goeth before consent? Yet it serves to humble us, by the sight of our sins, and to cause us to flee to the mercies of God, in the obedience of Christ Jesus. And that we being by him freed from the curse of the law, Mt. 5.48. we may study to conform our souls and lives according to the prescript rule of his holy and most perfect law. So that mortifying the flesh, with all the carnal concupisences& lusts of it, we may be daily more and more renewed, unto the Image of God, Eph. 4.1. in all holinesse, and walk worthy of our high calling, as becometh Saints, Thus far the rule of sanctification. Wherein is the effect or exercise of it seen? In Repentance, Repentance. and new obedience, which is a true sorrow for sin, especially that we have offended so gracious a God, and loving Father: as also in a settled purpose of heart, to leave our sins, and led a new life, according to Gods Commandements, M. 3.8. and bring forth fruits worthy amendment of life, which are good works. Can we repent when we list? No, it is the gift of God to the regenerate. do our good works justify us, or merit eternal life? Good works. No, 1. Because we are infinitely indebted to God, more then our works can merit. 2 The righteousness which can stand in the judgement of God must be absolutely perfect. Ps. 14.3.2. 3 Our best works are unperfect, Es 64.6. job. 9.3. and defiled with sin, and therefore merit nothing from God. Why then doth God promise reward to our good works? 1 It's not for the merit of our works, but of his free grace. 1 per. 2.5. Exo. 28.8.36, 37, 38. 2 The pollution that cleaves to our good works, is taken away, by the intercession of Christ, for whose sake God accepteth them, and rewardeth them as if they were perfect. What are the special works commanded? 1 Prayer and vows. Prayer. 2 alms. 3 Fasting. What is Prayer? 1 jo. 1.14. ps. 50.15. jer. 33.3. Sam. 2.19. phil. 4.6. It is a familiar sqeech with God, in the Name of Jesus Christ, whereby we open our desires to him, for the enjoyment of the good things we need. What is required to make our prayers Holy? 1 To pray with Faith, Ia. 1.6. and full assurance( without wavering) that God will hear us. 2 With fear, Luke. 18.13. Ja. 5.16. Reverence, and Humility, and a lively sense of our unworthiness. 3 With a true feeling of our wants, and an ardent desire and zeal to obtain. 4 In constancy, Luke. 18.1. without fainting. To whom must we pray? 1 To God alone, Ps. 65.2. Ro 8.27. Jer. 31.18. Ro. 10.14. 2 Chr. 7.14.16.30.9. 1 Chr. 28.9. Ps. 44.21. To whom. for he is the searcher of the Heart, heareth the voice,& understands what we pray for. 2 Because he is onely able to grant what wee desire. To which of the persons in Trinity must we pray? To the Trinity of persons, in the unity of the God-head, That is, to God in the Trinity. For whose name and sake must we pray? In the only name, and for the only sake of Jesus Christ, in, and for whom God giveth all good things to his Elect. Dan 9.17. John. 16.23.24. 1 John. 2.1.2. Ro. 8.34. 1 Tim. 2.5. Heb. 10.19. Gal. 4.5. Ro. 8.32. For whom are we to pray? 1 For ourselves, and others, For whom For all men( unless they have committed the sin against the holy Ghost) but especially for the household of Faith, 1 Tim. 2.1. Mt. 5.44. Ja. 3.9. Act. 17.26. 1 Jo. 5.16. Eph. 6.18. Gal. 6.10. 2 For Kings, Rulers, Eph. 6.19. and Magistrates& such as are in authority, and Ministers, 1 Tim. 2. 2 Col. 4.3. What are the parts of Prayer? 1 Petition, or request, Petition. for things needful upon the sense of our misery. 2 praise and thanksgiving, Luke. 10.21. for things received upon the taste of Gods mercy. What must we pray for, for ourselves? Only things needful, Phil. 4.6.7. Col. 1.9. 2 Th. 3.1.2. such as God hath promised, whereof some concern Gods glory, other for mans necessity, this is Supplication. To remove or prevent evil, this 〈◇〉 Deprecation. Must we Pray for others? Yes, and that is Intercession, as for kindred and friends, for each other, yea and for enemies. As also the sovereign for the subject, and the subject for him, &c. 2 Wherein doth the duty of Prayer especially consist? 1 In emptying ourselves of all worth. Gen. 32.10. Ja. 1.17. Ps. 40.9.10. Dent. 26.11. 2 In acknowledging God to be the author of every good gift. 3 In speaking good of his name to others. 4 In rejoicing before him, for all his mercies. 5 In resolving to bestow what we receive, to his glory. What are the properties of true praise? 1 It must be faithful and sincere. Ps. 145.18.18.1.2. 1 Chr. 29.14. 2 Cor. 9.7. Exo. 15.2.3. Ps. 144.1.2. 81.1.2. 1 Th. 5.18. 2 plentiful, according to that we receive 3 cheerful. He loves duties done cheerfully. 4 skilful. In the best manner, according to the nature of his blessings. 5 powerful with the best member, and the best measure. 6 continual, as long as we live. Are we limited to certain words, what and how to pray? No, but we have a perfect pattern and prescipt rule of prayer of all kinds, left us in the Prayer which our Saviour taught his Disciples, and in them to all ages; called the Lords Prayer. What are the words of it? Our Father which art in heaven, &c. The Lords Prayer. Mr. 6.9. Preface. What are the parts of it? 1 A Preface. 2 A body of Petitions. 3 A Conclusion. What doth the preface put us in mind of? Eccl. 5.1. Ps. 26.6. 1. Tim. 2.8. Ro. 10.14. Ps. 73.25. 1 To prepare ourselves before we pray, by casting off all extravagant thoughts. 2 To consider whom we pray to, that he is God. 3 That we as children, come to a father: And in this. jo. 1.12. gal. 4 6.2.20. 1 jo. 5.14.15. 1 That he is our Father in Christ, and therfore we have confidence to come to him. 2 That we remember our duty, to reverence and imitate him as a father. 3 To come to him in no other, Gal. 4.15. then the name of Jesus Christ. 4 That in the word Our, Ia. 5.16. we are to pray for others, as well as ourselves, which is Charity. What mean the words[ which art in Heaven?] It directs us to a meditation of Gods Glory, Power, wisdom and Holinesse, Ps. 11.4. Esa. 57.15. Ps. 123.1. Col. 3.1.2. in dwelling in so Holy a place: And that wee are to seek him there, not that he is, included in heaven, or excluded earth, but that he filleth all places. What are the parts of the Petition? 1 A form of Petition. Phil. 4.6. Luke. 17.17, 18. 2 and of thanksgiving, whereby we are taught not onely to pray to God for our wants, but to give him thankes, these must not be severed. How many Petitions are there in the Lords Prayer? six. Three concerning God, and Three concerning ourselves, and our neighbours. What are the words of the first? Hallowed be thy Name. What is the sum of it? That God, who is glorious and holy, may be glorified in all things. What is meant by Hallowed? It signifies sanctified and reverenced, to separate it from profane abuse, to a holy and reverend use. Not that we can attribute any holinesse to him, or detract from it, but to signify our desire, it should be so. What's meant by his name? Exo. 33.18, &c. 34.5, &c. Ps. 104.19.14.138.2. God himself, his Essence, and all things by which he is known to us, as his Titles, Jebovah, &c. 2 His Attributes, as wisdom, Power, &c. as before. 3 His memorials 1 His works, as the Creation, and Government of the World, Redemption, &c. 2 The things belonging to his service. As his Worship, Word, Sacraments, &c. What do we ask in this Petition? 1 That as God is glorious in himself, so he may be made known to men. 2 That his name may be reverently used by all men. 3 That when his Glory comes in question between him and us, wee may prefer his, to ours. 4 That God would give us such Graces, whereby his Name may be glorified. What is the second Petition? Let thy kingdom come. What is the sum of it? Act. 26.18. That God, and not sin may reign in our hearts. Col. 1.13.3.15.6. 2 That the kingdom of Christ may be daily enlarged, till his coming to judgement. 3 That the kingdom of sin and Satan may be daily decreased, and abolished. 4 That we may reign with him, for ever in Glory. 2 Tim. 2.12. What is meant by kingdom? 1 His universal sovereignty( as Creator) over all his Creatures. Esa. 5.6. Ps. 95.3, &c. Ps. 110.2. 1 Cor. 15.29. 2 His spiritual Rule over the Church, Saints, His Word, Angels and Ministers. How is it said to come? 1 In regard of the means, 2.6. Hos, 3.5. Rev. 15.3. job. 22.2. Heb. 16. 2 Cor. 5. where the word of the kingdom is published, Mat. 12.38. and 13.29. Mar. 4.15. 2 In regard of efficacy, Where from the heart, obedience is yielded. Ro. 6.17. 3 In regard of perfection, in which it hath degrees. As 1 Increase of grace in this life. 20. Mt. 13.18. Luke. 23.42.43. Mt. 25.34. 2 The translation of blessed souls into heaven in the moment of death. 3 The full redemption and glorification of Saints, in soul and body, in the life to come. What do we desire concerning the kingdom of God. Ps. 97.1. Mt. 6.13. jo. 17.2. Ps. 122.6. Esa. 62.7. 1 Either that which he exerciseth in this world, over his Creatures which is the kingdom of power. 2 Or over his Church, to be increased here, and accomplished hereafter, the kingdom of Grace. 3 Or in the world to come, Phil. 1.23 which is the kingdom of glory, that he would take us out of this sinful life, into the kingdom of heaven 2 that the number of elect being accomplished the final dissolution of all things may come, 2 Tim. 4.8. Rev. 22.20. 3 Petition. and that all his chosen may obtain full salvation and glory, prepared for them from the beginning of the World. What is the Third Petition? Thy will be done in earth as it is in Heaven. What is the sum of this Petition? 1 That God would enable us willingly to submit to him and his providence. 2 Tim. 2.26. 1 pet. 4.2. Ps. 119.60. Col. 3, 23. ps. 103, 20. 2 That we may do his will, and renounce Satans will and our own corrupt Inclinations. 3 That obedience may be given to Christ, in ruling us, till we be as the holy Angels. What is meant by the word Thy? That wee exclude all wills opposite to, or divers from Gods Will. How manifold is the will of God? 1 His secret Will, which is not to be preached unto, nor meant here, but 2 His revealed Will. 1 That wee may know it, else we cannot do it. 2 That we may do it being known, and therefore, that he would give us the Graces of his holy spirit to enable us thereto. 3 To remove all things which may hinder us, from knowing and doing it. What is meant by the word Done? Mt. 21.30. Ja. 1.25. Phil. 2.13. Act 20.24 Not only a good intent in the Heart, or a bare profession of Obedience, but an actual and through performance of it. What is meant by in Earth, as it is in Heaven? By earth, those that are in earth, and by heaven, Ps. 103.20.22. those that are there: and here we propound to ourselves the pattern of blessed Angells, and souls, who being free from all corruption, do in their kind perfectly obey God. How can wee( being sinful) imitate them? In the manner, Ps. 110.3. 119.60. Deut. 5.28.29. Ps. 119.1.12. though not in the measure and degree of obedience; we may believe the promises of mercy, and obey the precepts of holinesse, after their pattern, that is willingly, speedily, sincerely, and constantly. So much for the Petitions that concern God. How are the three following divided? The first concerns mans body, and the things of this life. The other two, concern the soul. What is the Fourth Petition? Give us this day our daily Bread. What is the sum of it? 1 That God would provide for us, Pro. 30.8. competent means, and such a portion of outward blessings, as he shall see meet for us, not onely for necessity, but Christian delight. 2 That he would give us grace, Phil. 4.11.12. to rely on his providence, for those means, and be content with that allowance he shall think fit for us. What is meant by Bread? All outward things for our necessity, Pr. 27.27.31.14. and sober delight, as food, raiment, health, wealth, physic, sleep, house, &c. as also the helps to attain to them; good Magistrates, seasonable weather, peace &c. and the removal of all things contrary; together with Gods blessing upon them. Ja. 4.3. Numb. 11.4, 5, 6. We must not desire dainties or superfluities, and all that we desire must be with this condition, If God shall see it good for us, and be pleased to give it, Mt. 8.2. Ia. 4.15.2. Sam. 7.27. What learn you from the word. Give us? 1 That from God come all things, Psal. 10.4.27. &c. Act. 14.17. 2 That though in regard of our labour, Luke 17.10. Gen. 32.10. and possession, things may be called ours, yet all our pains is nothing, except God bless us. Why do we say. This day, or for the day? Because we are to pray for Bread, Exo. 16.19, &c. Pro. 30.8. Mt. 6.34. for no longer time, to teach us to qualify our care of the world, and to rely upon Gods providence, and not be covetous. Is it not lawful to provide for children and family? Not onely lawful, but necessary, Gen. 41.34.35. Act. 11.28.29. 2 Cor. 12.14. 1 Tim. 5.8. But here our affections are forbidden to exceed measure and we commanded to commit our ways unto the Lord, Mt. 6, 34. Psal, 37, 5. Pro, 16, 3. Why is it called Daily? 1 Because it must be such a portion as may best stand with our nature, Mr. 6.11. Luke. 11.3. Ps. 104.15. Jo. 12.3. Pro. 30.8. 1 Tim. 6.8. Ro. 16.14. Ja. 4.3. 5. Petition. charge and calling it being in the original, called Bread fit for me: not to satisfy our fleshly lusts, and that we may call daily for them. What is the Fift Petition? And forgive us our debts as we forgive them that are debters unto us. What do you observe in it? 1 A Petition for forgiveness of sins. 2 The reason why they are forgiven. What is the sum of this Petition? That we may be justified, and at peace with God, by forgiving us our sins for his Sons sake, Job, 33, 24, Psal, 53, 3, Jer, 14, 7, Col, 3, 13. What is meant by Debts? Ro. 8.12. Luke. 13. Mr. 18.14. Ro. 6.23. sins: for the forfeiture of our obedience brought us within compass either of punishment or satisfaction, no part whereof we can pay of ourselves, but entreat God for the forgiveness of them by the only blood of Christ. What is meant by forgiveness? Such remission, job. 33.24 1 Jo. 2.2. as may stand with Gods justice, which will not suffer him to be a loser, therefore this forgiveness comes, by taking payment of another, which is our surety, Christ Jesus on our behalf. What is meant by Us and Ours? We include( with ourselves) in this Petition, Ps. 150.7.8. as many as are in Christ, enabled by a true faith to lay hold on him, 51.18. and to pled his payment and satisfaction. What do we beg in this Petition? 1 Grace to know and confess our sins, Psa, 51.3.103.3.142.2. and our disability to satisfy for them. 2 That God for Christs sake, would take away the guilt and punishment due for them. 3 The power of saving faith, luke. 17.5. Esa. 53.5. to lay hold on Christs sufficient merits and satisfaction for our Justification. 4 The spirit of Prayer, Zac. 12.10. Mar. 9.24. to crave pardon, with grief and sorrow. 5 An assurance of the forgiveness of our sins, Ro. 8.15.16. by the testimony of the spirit of Christ What is contained in the Reason? A note to certify us, whether our sins be remitted or not, by our forgiving, or not forgiving offences to others, not as this reason binds God otherwise, then by Gods gracious promises: this being a consequent and fruit of the other, not a cause. How can we forgive sins, since none but God can do it? We do not forgive the sin, so far as it is against God, but as it is an offence to us. What is the sixth and last Petition? And led us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. What is the sum of it? In it we pray for Sanctification, Ro. 6.1.2. Pro. 30.8. 2 Cor. 12.9.7.1. Ro. 6.11. and strength against sin, that our sins may not only be pardonned, but daily mortified in us and we either preserved from temptations by Gods providence, or kept by his grace from bieng hurt by them: and lastly, that wee may be raised to new obedience. May wee pray absolutely against temptations? 1 No, for the Saints, Mt. 4.3. and Christ himself were subject to them. 2 All temptations are not evil, Gen. 22.2. some are trials of our faith, Ia. 1.2, 3. Deut. 8.2.13.3. 1 Cor. 10.13. and hope, and make oft-times for our good. Therefore we pray not utterly against them, but that God would give us a good issue out of them. What is meant by Deliver us from evil? As the former was, Ro. 7.24. led us not in, so this is, pull us out, by force, when we are in. What is meant by evil? 1 That evil one, 1 jo. 5.18.16. 1 Tim. 6.9. Satan and his instruments, and the provocations to sin. 2 The effect of temptation, sin, and damnation. From what evils do wee desire to be delivered? 1 The inward concupiscence of our hearts. Ia. 1.14 15. 2 The outward. The devil, and the world, which work upon us by the former. What is the Conclusion of the Lords Prayer? For thine is the kingdom, and power, and the glory for ever. Amen. What is the sum of it? That we must ground our assurance of obtaining, what we pray for, in God from whom all things come, and to whom, in that respect, all glory must return. What is meant by 1 kingdom, 2 Power, And 3. glory. 1 Gods absolute right, sovereignty, 1 Chr. 29.11. and rule over all things; and therefore we are to pray to him only. 2 His omnipotency, Luk. 1.37. that besides his right to rule, he hath power to grant 3 That which is due to him, in regard of the two former: that in respect he hath dominion and power to grant our requests when he hath granted them, Ps. 65.1, 2. we must refer all to his honour, and service. What is meant by Thine? That howsoever kingdom, Power, Psa. 82.6. Bo. 8.15. Pro. 8.25. job. 33.13. and Glory, are communicated here to his vicegerents; yet originally, and absolutely, they belong to God. What is meant by for ever? Eternity, Dan. 2.4. which makes a difference between Gods kingdom, power and glory. and his vicegerents. What by Amen? Not only so be it, but so it is, Rev. 22.20, 21. or shall be as we have prayed. It being a note of confidence, and declaration of fath, whereby we assure ourselves, that God will grant, what we have prayed for. May we use no other form of words, then these when we pray? We may, but we must pray for the same things,& with the like affection, as is here prescribed. And to refuse this form, argueth a proud contempt of Christs ordinance. As to confine ourselves to these words alone, savoureth of extreme idleness. May there not besides this, be a set form of prayer in the Church? Yes, at the liberty of the Church( not of private men) to alter, and it is necessary to help the weak and ruder sort. What are the kinds of Prayer? Prayer. Psa. 84.1. 1 Either public in the Congregation for the service of God. 2 Or Private, either with the family and friends, 2 Sam 6.20. Est. 4.16. 1 Pet. 3.7. or when one of the family prayeth privately Neh. 1.4, 5, 6. Gen. 25.21. Math. 6.6. And either of these are ordinary, daily upon ordinary occasins. Ps. 55.17. Dan. 6.11. or extraordinary, upon special occasions. Psal. 119.62. Acts. 12.5. Joel. 2.15. Joh. 3.6. What are the ordinary Circumstances of prayer? Circumstances of prayer. 1 Gestures. 2 Place, 3 Time. 1 We are to use such holy and comely gesture of body, as beseems the service of God, and his Majesty, with whom we have to deal, and as may express humility, Eph. 3.14. Lam. 3.41. Jo. 17.1. fervency, and confidence, as bowing the knees Lifting up the eyes, and hands to heaven. 2 Generally all places are allowed, Esa. 56.7. Mt. 6.6. but the Church best fitteth Common-prayers, and the Closet, private. 3 Continually, we are to pray, 1 Th. 5.17. Ps. 5.3. Luk. 2.37. particularly on the Sabbath, for the dayes of the week, Ps. 92. and morning and evening for the houres of the day. ver. 2. Having spoken of the participation of the grace of Christ, and the benefits of the Gospel, show how God doth offer, and communicate the Covenant of Grace, to mankind? By Vocation or calling, which is, Vocation. Ro. 8.30. Heb. 3.1. Hos. 2.14. when God by the means of his Word& spirit inviteth men to come to him,& bringeth thē out of darkness into light, and this is either 1 external, Esa. 48.12. Mt. 22.14. a calling common to all, with some light and fruits of the Spirit, attained to by some that are not heires of the promise, many being thus called, but not chosen. 2 internal, and effectual, peculiar only to the Elect, Psa 25.14. Ioel 2.32. Act. 2.39. whereby unfeigned faith and true repentance is wrought in them, by the outward means of the Word, and inwardly, by his Spirit. And this Covenant of grace doth not reveal nor afford sufficient means of salvation to the whole world, but onely to the Church of God What is meant by the Church? The Militant Church, The Church. which is visible in the parts of it, consisting of many assemblies of believers, who make profession of the same common faith. What are the infallible notes of the true Church? 1 The truth of Doctrine which is professed, Mt. 28.19.20. and the sincere preaching of the Word, with the due administration of the Sacraments, according to Christs Commandement. 2 The right order which is kept, with sincere and conscionable obedience to the word of God. What are the things proper to the visible Church? 1 a Ro. 10.17. jo. 5.25.6.68. The Word. 2 b 1 Cor. 10.1, 2, &c. The word. The Sacraments. 3 c Censures, Mat. 18.15. 1 Cor. 5. What is the Word? That part of ministry which consists in the delivery of Doctrine, it being the ordinary instrument which God useth in begetting of faith, Act. 2.40.41.11.20. from which wee must not separate the inward means, the Spirit. Es. 59.21. 1 Thes. 5.19.20. What are the Sacraments? Sacraments. Ro. 4.11. 1 Cor. 11.23. Gal. 3.27. The seals of Gods promises in Christ, wherein by outward signs( commanded by God) Christ Jesus with all his graces is signified, conveyed, and sealed unto the heart of a Christian. What is the difference between a Sacrifice and a Sacrament? 1 In a sacrifice wee offer to God: In a Sacrament he offers to us. 2 In the first, Christ was signified as given for us: in the other as given to us. 3 The Sacrifices are only signs, the Sacraments seals also. What things are required in a Sacrament? 1 The outward signs, and sacramental actions, concerning the same, as water, bread, and wine. 2 The inward thing signified thereby, viz. thirst Jesus, with his saving graces, and spiritual actions concerning the same, as Christ and his merits, and the applying them in particular to us. 3 A similitude between them both. As the water in baptism washeth the body, so doth the blood of Christ wash a way the spots of the soul. What preparation is required in them that come to the Sacrament? Knowlenge, Faith, and feeling, both in the Law and gospel. 1 In the Law he must be able to understand and believe the common corruption of all men, in the bitter roots,& poisoned fruits of original sin, together, with the Curse of eternal death due thereto, and be able to apply both the sin and wages thereof to himself. 2 In the gospel, in some measure he must understand the Covenant of Grace, which God in Christ hath made with mankind, and by faith apply the same to himself. How many Sacraments are there? Ro. 4.1. Gen. 17.11.12. 1 Cor 10.1. &c. 12, 13. Mt. 26.26 28.19. baptism. Eph. 5.26. 1 Cor. 6.11. Heb 10.22 Two. 1 baptism, in the place of Circumcision. 2 The Supper of the Lord, answering to the Passeover. 1 baptism is the first Sacrament, which by the washing of water, representeth to us, the powerful washing of the blood and Spirit of Christ, sealing unto them which are within Gods Covenant, their birth in Christ, and entrance into Christianity. To whom is baptism effectual? 1 The Church not only baptizeth those of riper yeares, as Pagans, Act. 8.37. which are brought within the Church, and testify their understanding in Christianity; profess their faith in Christ Jesus, and in the precious promises of remission of sins by his blood: and their earnest desire to be sealed with baptism, to strengthen their souls in faith, and all this with sincerity. 2 But infants also, born of believing Parents, and are within the Covenant, whereby they have a right to the seal thereof And this is effectually to those Infants who belong to the Election of grace. How can Jnfants be capable of the grace of baptism? baptism. of Infants. Though they be not capable by that way the grown are, yet it followeth not, that they are not capable another way. We are to distinguish between the gift conveyed, and the manner of covneighing it: faith is not of absolute necessity to all Gods elect, but to those only, to whom he affords means to believe. It's the application of Christs righteousness, not our apprehending it, that justifies us. God can supply the defect of faith, by his sanctifying Spirit, which can do all things on our part instead of that which faith should do. He that hath said of Infants to them belongs the kingdom of God, knows how to settle it upon them. Though he tie us to means, yet he tieth not himself. How is baptizing of Children warrantable? 1 From the use of Circumcision in the Old Testament, which answereth to baptism, and was done on the eight day. 2 To whom the Covenant belongs, to them belongs the seal of it, which confirms the right to them. To you and your children are the promises made saith the Apostle. Act. 2.39. 1 Cor. 7.14. And your children are holy. There's ●… oederal holinesse, or external and visible ●… t least, in children of believing parents. 3 The answer to the incapability of faith of children, is in that of the last question. 4 The answer to the objection, that there is no rule in Scripture for Baptizing Infants, is: We red nothing in Scripture to infringe the liberty of the Church therein. But by consequence we red, that such in one and all his household were baptized. Act 16.15.31.18.8. 1 Cor. 1.1.16. The house of Lydia, of the Jaylor, Crispus, and Stephanus, were there no Infants there, or were they left out? By this argument the Sacrament of the Lords Supper should be denied to women. What is the Sacrament of the Lords Supper? It is the second Sacrament of the Gospel, The Lords Supper. wherein by the outward Elements of bread and Wine, sanctified and exhibited by the Minister, and rightly received by the Communicant, assurance is given to those that are engrafted into Christ of their continuance in him,& receiving nourishment by him unto eternal life. Why is it called the Lords Supper? Not that he appointed it a supper to us, but because he( sitting at his last Supper) ordained it in stead of the Passeover, 1 Cor. 11.20. and gave charge for continuance of it, till his second coming. Are the bread and wine changed in the Sacrament, to the body and blood of Christ? They are not changed in nature, 1 Cor. 10.16. but in use. By the eating and drinking of it, wee have communion with our Saviour Christ: of whom we are as verily partakers by a lively faith, as if the bread and wine, by eating and drinking them. And thus we say they are changed in use, because being separate from a common use, they are consecrate to sign and seal to us our spiritual nourishment and growth, by the body and blood of Christ Jesus. Luke. 22.19. 1 Cor. 10.3, 4. Therefore the bread and wine are not physically the true body& blood of Christ, but the signs& tokens of them, as in baptism, water is only a sign of Christs blood, not his blood. What are the special ends and uses for which it was ordained? 1 To call to mind the memory and virtue of Christs death. 1 Cor 11.24. 2 To confirm our faith, to increase our love to God, our joy in the holy Ghost, peace of conscience, hope of eternal life, and other Gods graces in us. 3 To quicken our hearts to all holy du●… ies, or thankfulness to God, for his mercies in Christ Jesus. 4 To keep us in obedience to God: and to unite us in Communion with Christ. How are we to prepare ourselves before we receive it? Preparation. 1 Cor. 10.15.11.28. 1 By due trial of our souls, whether we be fit partakers of so great a mystery, and fitting our hearts thereto. 2 By examining our knowledge in it, Rom. 4.11. 1 Cor. 10.3. 2 Cor. 13.5. Heb. 10.22 1 Cor. 16.14. and our need of it. 3 By examining our faith, and by true repentance, and a true love of God, Zach. 12.10. 4 By freeing our hearts from malice. 5 By invocation for a blessing upon it. What is to be done in the present action? 1 We must use a reverend gesture, and attention. 2 We must receive it with hearts ele●ated to God. 3 We must use thanksgiving, Ro. 12.1. offering our hearts and souls to God. What after the action? 1 We must praise the Lord for so great a benefit. 2 And pray for his grace to keep us from new sins, and that we return not to the old. What are Censures? Censures. The judgement of the Church, ratifying the threats of the Gospel for abuse of the word and Sacraments. 1 By admonition of those that sin openly. 2 By suspension of them from some exercise of Religion, Mr. 18.15. &c. as Sacraments. 3 If they amend not, to cut them off from the Church, by excommunication, and delivering them to Satan. What is meant by the last judgement? The last judgement. The pronouncing, and executing the irrevocable sentence of absolution, or condemnation. 1 Partly upon every man in particular, Heb. 9.21. at the hour of his death. 2 Fully and generally upon all men, Act. 17.31. at the second coming of Christ. How are men judged at the hour of death? 1 God at that instant, Heb. 9.27. pronounceth, and the conscience apprehendeth the sentence of blessing or cursing. 2 The soul is by the power of God and ministry, Luke. 16.22, 23, 26. Ecl. 11.3. of Angels, immediately conveyed into the state of happiness or misery, to remain till the resurrection, and thence●… orth both soul and body for ever. What is the general and final Judgement? The general assize of the whole World, wherein all mens lives that ever were, are ●… r shalbe, being duly examined, every one ●… hall receive according to his works. 1 The wicked shal be condemned for the merit of their works. Ro. 6.23. 2 The Godly shal be pronounced just, because their works( though imperfect) do prove their faith( by which they lay hold on Christ and his righteousness) to be a true faith, as working by love, Ja. 2.18. Gal. 5.6. in all parts of obedience. What shal be the estate of the Reprobates in Hell? 1 Everlasting torments of body, and anguish of soul. 2. Ro. 2.9. Mr. 8.12.13.42. Esa. 66.24. Expulsion from the favourable presence of God, and the glorious fellowship of Christ and his Saints. 3. Utter darkness in that horrible dungeon. 4. worshipping and gnashing of teeth. 6. With the worm that never death, and the fire that never goeth out. What shal be the estate of the elect in Heaven? 1 Everlasting blessedness and glory in 1 Cor. 2.9. soul and body. 1 Cor. 13.12. Ps. 16.11. Rev. 3.21. 2 Tim. 4.8 1 Th. 4.17. Heb. 12.22. 2. freedom from all infirmities and imperfections. 3. They shalbe endowed with perfect wisdom and holiness. 4. and possessed with all pleasures at the right hand of God. 5. Seated in Thrones of majesty. 6. crwoned with Crownes of glory. 7. Filled with the glorious presence of God, and the Lamb Christ Jesus. 8. In the company of innumerable Angels, and holy Saints. 1 Cor. 15.24.28. What shall follow? Christ, shall deliver up that dispensatory kingdom( which he received for the subduing of his enemies, and accomplishing the salvation of his Church unto God the Father, and God shalbe all in all for eternity. Seing then all these things must be dissolved, 2 Pet. 3.11.14. what manner of persons ought we to be? Let us give diligence, that we may be found of him in peace, without spot and blameless. Blessed is the man whom the Lord shall find prepared for his coming, Luke. 12.43. Mt. 25.21. for he shall say to him. Well done good and faithful servant, enter into thy Masters Joy. FINIS.