Imprimatur,  
Octob. 15. 1678.  
W. Jane.   

A SERMON PREACHED Before the Right Honourable, THE Lord Mayor, AND Court of Aldermen, Of the City of LONDON, At Guildhall-Chappel, August 18. 1678.  
By ROBERT NEVILLE, B. D. Late Fellow of King's College in Cambridge, and now Rector of Ansty in Hertfordshire.  
LONDON, Printed for Benj. Billingsley, at the Printing-Press in cornhill, near the Royal Exchange. 1679.   

To the Worshipful My much Honoured Kinsman, EDWARD CHESTER, ESQUIRE, Of Cocken-hatch in the County of Hertford.  
Honoured Sir,  
THE Learned and Famous Lord Verulam, delivering his Opinion of the Dedication of Books, declares himself no Friend to Addresses of that Nature; because Books ought to have no Patrons but Truth and Reason. But had that Right Honourable parsonage received so many signal and noble Favours from any one, as you have liberally dispensed to me and mine, I am apt to believe he would himself have licenced the Dedication of this Discourse to you, especially if I had first convinced him( as I could by many unanswerable Arguments, were he now living) that that Book which may be allowed to shelter itself under your Patronage, may be truly said to have both Truth and Reason for its Patrons: Your great Truth, Justice and Integrity, being as well known to all that have any Concerns with you, as your strong Reason is to those that dare attempt to converse you. But I fear, Sir, I commit a Rape upon your Modesty, and grow troublesome to you, by presenting you( though only) with this small Map of your virtues, which I know you desire should rather be as a Terra incognita, than that many Eyes should travail over, and make discoveries of them. I shall not therefore put you to the Penance of reading more of your own( though just) Commendations, but beg your Pardon for this Violence offered to your Nature, by forcing your Name from the Privacy of your so beloved Retirement into a public View; the Grant whereof will be no small Accession to those Kindnesses and Favours, which have entitled you to the public acknowledgements of,  
Honoured Sir, Your much obliged Kinsman, and faithful and humble Servant, ROB. NEVILLE. Ansty, Octob. 19. 1678.   

A SERMON Preached before the LORD MAYOR, August 18. 1678.  The 9th of the Author to the Hebrews, Part of the 27th Verse.— But after this the judgement. 
THE World is now arrived to such a height of Scepticism and profaneness, as to delight to unravel all Principles both of Reason and Religion: so that in this degenerate Age we are put upon the Proof of those things, which are so plain of themselves, that to endeavour to illustrate, or make them plainer, is but to lend Light to the Sun, or Water to the Sea. And such are these Principles, That God is, and All things were made by him. Which great and Fundamental Principles of Religion, by the bold Cavils of wicked Atheists, we are forced to prove; professed Atheism being now set up, and the thing in fashion; it being now the only Badge and Signature of a Modern Wit, to be one of David's Fools, and not only say in his Heart, but make public Proclamation, that there is no God. And the Speculative Atheist, who, if he had any being at all, was, till this present Age, either under a Disguise, or else behind the Hangings, is not now afraid to pull off his Mask, his Disguise, and appear the Man that dares put Sarcasms upon God, and lampoon Religion upon the public Stage of the World. And those who are not such Proficients in Atheism, as to deny the Existence of a God, have yet arrived to so high a Degree of Wickedness, as to prostitute God's Mercy, the Queen of his Attributes, to their Lusts and Impieties, as if they had a design to baffle God's Veracity with his Clemency, and make his long-suffering wear out the sense of his Justice. Through their Shallowness and Shortness of Discourse, they fool themselves into a presuming upon God's Mercy, resembling those profane Persons St. Peter speaks of, who scoffed at the Principles of Religion, and derided the Expectations of a future judgement, saying, 2 Pet. 3.4. Where is the Promise of his Coming? for since the Fathers fell asleep, all things continue as they were from the beginning of the Creation. To such as these let me return in Answer, that there is an After-reckoning to be paid in another World, the greatest Slaughter in the Tragedy of the Sinner being reserved for the last Act; Eternal Death, Hell, and judgement are in the Catastrophe, and will( when this Life is ended) be ushered in, and brought upon the Stage; which is sufficiently intimated to us in these words of my Text, But after this the judgement. The Scope and Importance of which Words will afford us this Proposition,  That after this Life there is a judgement to come, or a future State of Reward and Punishment. 
The Truth whereof I shall manifest and evince from these two topics.  
I. From Reason, or the Principles of Nature.  
II. From Scripture, and Divine Revelation.  
I. A judgement to come, or a future State, may be proved from Reason, or the Principles of Nature. And hence it was, that every Sect of Men, that did prescribe Morality, did teach an After-Life. Nothing was more generally believed among the Heathens. Their Tribunal below, where three most severe Judges were appointed, meant the same thing with our last judgement; their elysian Fields were but a Poetical Paradise; their phlegeton, or River of Fire, was set to express our Lake of Fire and Brimstone. And 
Animus noster habebit quod gratuletur sibi, cum amissus fuerit tenebris, quibus volutatur,& redditus Caelo fuerit.  Seneca clearly points out a future State to us, wherein our Mind shall have sufficient cause to congratulate its own Happiness, when it shall be delivered out of that Darkness, in which it was here involved, and return again to Heaven. And 
{αβγδ} Plato in Phaedone.  Plato affirms, That Men live again after Death, and that good Mens Souls enter into a better, but evil Mens into a worse State than before. And the Historian sallust introduces Portius Cato, positively maintaining in a Speech of his to the Roman Senate, That after this Life ended, good and bad Men go to different Places, and the Wicked in particular into 
Diverso itinere malos à bonis, in loca tetra& formidolosa malos. sallust. Bell. Catil.  disntal and dreadful Places of Misery and Torment. And this he declares in opposition to no less a Man than Caius Caesar, who( in a Speech of his made just before) profanely affirmed, that after Death there was no Place, either for 
Ultra mortem neque curae, neque gaudio locum esse. ibid.  Joy or Sorrow, Happiness or Misery. And Tully 
Duas esse vias, duplicésque cursus animorum è corpore excedentium: nam qui se humanis vitiis contaminâssent,& se totos libidinibus dedissent, vel in Republicâ violandâ fraudes inexpiabiles concepissent, iis devium quoddam iter esse, seclusum à concilio Deorum. Qui autem se integros castósque servâssent, quibusque fuisset minima cum corporibus contagio, esséntque in corporibus humanis vitam imitati Deorum, his ad illos à quibus essent profecti facilem reditum patere. Tusc. Quaest. lib. 1.  introduces Socrates arguing after this manner: That there are two Ways of departing Souls, leading to two contrary States of Felicity and Misery: Those who had defiled themselves with sensual Vices, let loose the Reins to their Lusts, and been injurious to the Common-wealth, are dragged to a Place of Torment, and for ever excluded from the blessed Society above; but those who had kept their Integrity and Chastity, whilst united to the Body, and had imitated the Divine Life of the Celestial Inhabitants, by an easy and open way returned to that God, from whom they first came.  
The Notion of a future judgement is so obvious to the Capacity of every Natural Man, that when St. Paul,( Acts 24.25.) reasoned about it, Felix, though a Heathen, trembled at it. And the same Apostle discoursing to the Athenians,( the great Lights of the gentle World) and teaching them the seventh Article of our Creed, Acts 17.31. That God hath appointed a Day in which he will judge the World: Though he found some that mocked, when they heard of the Resurrection of the Dead, yet there were none that objected any thing against the Day of judgement. That was an Universal Principle, acknowledged and confessed by all, who either believed themselves, or a God, or a Conscience. And Aristotle( the Prince of Philosophers) grants, that there are {αβγδ}, some things absolutely good, so good, that a Man should rather quit his own Life than the practise of them: Some things again he affirms to be absolutely evil; so evil, that, rather than them, a Man ought to make Death and Torments the Objects of his Choice; and such Evils are, Treason against our Country, Incest, Perjury, and the like. Now this great Philosopher in affirming this, is necessary concluded by his own Principles to grant another Life to come, much better and happier than this to the Good and virtuous, and another State of Life, much worse than Death for unjust and vicious Persons. Nor do his own Principles onely, but those of Nature also, led him to this; for every thing that hath a Being, does by an indispensible Law of Nature, desire the Continuance of that being, but most of all its Well-being, or bettering its present State. Now if Mens Hopes or Fears were terminated in this Life, as they must, unless we grant a future State, every Man were obliged in reason to seek the Preservation of his own Life before all other things; and no Action could be unjust, no practise culpable, whereby he endeavoured the Continuation of his present being; because nothing could be so ill to him as Death, or the having no being, and nothing so good as Life. But for a Man to act basely and unworthily to save his Life, was disallowed by the very Heathens; and that, because they saw by the Light of Nature, that there was a future State of Rewards and Punishments; a sense whereof caused that famous Heathen, Attilius Regulus, to endure a most cruel and painful Death, rather than betray his Country, or break his Oath; which he would never have done, had he not been of the same Opinion with Tully, when he said, That the Death of famous Men was as it were a 
Quandam quasi migrationem commutationémque vitae, quae claris viris dux in caelum soleret esse. Tuscul. Quaest. lib. 1.  Passage, or Change of Life, which was wont to be their Convoy to Heaven and Happiness. So that you cannot but discern, that this Persuasion of a future State is so natural to our Reason, that even Heathens were not without it; it being not indeed imaginable, that God should not have given all Men sufficient Proofs and Arguments of so important a Principle of Religion as this is.  
As for those Persons, upon whose Ease and Sensuality a future State seems to cast no favourable Aspect, we may expect that all such should bribe their Consciences to disbelieve it. The Drunkard, who neither must nor can keep the remembrance of his Cups, cannot endure to apprehended he must be called to an account of them. The Man, whose Lust prevents the Grave, and who drops by piecemeal into rotten Dust, before he returns to Earth, must needs be unwilling that there should be a Resurrection, to collect the scattered, the foul Atoms of his Sin, and his Disease, and show them at that Tribunal, before God, his holy Angels, and Mankind. And Athenagoras hath given it for a Rule, That the denying of the Resurrection, and another Life, is the 
{αβγδ}. Athenag. de resurrectione mortuorum.  only beloved Doctrine of the voluptuous Epicure; and he that hath once transformed himself into that Swine, hath his optic Nerves so ill placed, that( as Plutarch observes of other Swine) he never sees Heaven again, till he be laid on his Back, never till then thinks of a judgement to come; the Certainty whereof may appear to any sober, considerative, though mere Moral Man, from these three things: 

1. The unequal Distribution of Rewards and Punishments in this World.  
2. Those natural Hopes and Expectations, which good Men have of a State of perfect Happiness.  
3. Those natural Fears, which wicked Men usually have of a State of Torment.    
First, The Certainty of a future State may appear, from the unequal Distribution of Rewards and Punishments in this World.  
Nothing is more generally received, than that God is good and just, that good Actions shall be crwoned with Rewards, and evil Actions chastised with Tortures and Punishments. And yet we see the Dispensations of Providence so unequally distributed in this Life, that Rewards are not correspondent to the virtues, nor Punishments proportionable to the Sins of Men; but that, Eccles. 9.2. There is one Event to the Righteous, and to the Wicked. Therefore we must in Reason conclude, either that the Judge of all the Earth does not do Right; or else, that there is a judgement to come, in which he will give undeniable Proofs of his Justice, by rewarding every one according to his Works. 'tis true indeed, that virtue may be said to reward, and 'vice to inflict and punish itself, in regard of those Satisfactions which attend the one, and those Troubles that accompany the other: but these are such kinds of Rewards and Punishments, which( unless Men were supported by the Hopes of a future State) would never encourage them to overcome those Difficulties, which sometimes they meet in the ways of virtue; it being impossible, that the most entire Possession of virtue should always in this Life be a sufficient Reward to itself, or able to countervail all the Costs and Grievances, with which the best Men may be charged and oppressed. So that virtue in this Life is a sufficient Reward to itself, only in Spe, in Hope, in Reversion; not Re, not actually, and for the present; only so far as our certain Hope of another Life is inseparably wedded to the practise of virtue in this. And this brings me to the second thing, from which the Certainty of a future State may appear; and that is,  
Secondly, Those Natural Hopes and Expectations, which good Men have of a State of perfect Happiness.  
This State is the Object of their greatest Ambition; and if we consider, that the attaimment of it in this Life is above the Sphere of Possibility, we must then conclude, that this perfect and complete Happiness is the Reward of another Life; otherwise Mankind must be defeated of its greatest Expectancies, be frustrated of its chief End, by being naturally and strongly inclined to such a Degree and State of Happiness, as it can never be Master of; as if Man were designedly made, to be ground between those two Passions of Desire and Despair; between an unsatiable Desire of Happiness, and an Impossibility of enjoying what he so earnestly desires and pursues.  
Thirdly, The Certainty of a future State may appear from those Natural Fears, which wicked Men usually have of a State of Torment, and of a judgement to come.  
God hath set up a Candle( as the Wise Man calls Reason) in the Souls even of Natural Men; and by this Light, they that sit in Darkness, the profanest Atheists in the World, at one time or other behold themselves as wicked Malefactors, and God as a severe and terrible Judge. This Candle of Reason, or Natural Conscience, may burn dim, being compassed about with the damp of Mens Corruptions; but it can no more be put out, than the Light of the Sun; and this principal Ray or Beam of our Souls, this Judge within us, could not be so suspicious of our Actions, nor so inquisitive after every Circumstance, that may aggravate our Sins, were it not deputed by the Supreme Judge of Heaven and Earth, to bring us to a further judgement. And though there will be a General Day of the great and last judgement, when Christ Jesus shall mount the Tribunal, and sit as a Judge; yet every day he keeps a private Sessions in our own Breasts, where Conscience sits as his Deputy or Vicegerent. So that as often as this invisible Judge gives its Charge within us, and rouses and awakens us with any Admonitions, or Instructions, any Checks or Reprehensions, we must not think them the mere Effects of Natural Melancholy, nor study for Expedients, how to darken the Mind, divert Thought, and fence out Reflection; but look upon them as seasonable Warnings to prepare ourselves to answer all those Endictments and Accusations, that shall be drawn up, and brought in against us, at the Great and General Assizes of the Day of judgement.  
Now these Natural Fears of a future judgement do usually seize upon all kinds of Men, even those who have been placed as the most shining and glorious Lights, in the Highest Orb of Dignity and Government. And we may find in the Histories of all Ages, that Kings and Potentates have been no more Proof against the Alarms of Conscience, and the Terrors of a future State than other Men. Whence it came to pass, that the Roman Emperour, Tiberius, in spite of his great Fortunes, his strong Guards, and his several Divertisements at Capreae, could not but confess in his Letters to the Roman Senate, 
Tacit. Annal. 6.  Tormenta Pectoris, suásque Poenas; the Tortures and Punishments his Soul endured to be such, that he thought the Gods could not inflict greater. Now what was it that did extort from him this Confession of his Tortures, but the Horror of a future State? there being nothing else that one in his Circumstances, of Power and Greatness, should have need to stand in fear of.  
And what again was the reason that the Emperour Nero, notwithstanding all his singing and rioting through the chiefest Cities of his Empire, had yet the Guilt of his Impieties, to interrupt his Pleasures? What made him tremble in the Temples of the Gods, as if the Powers above had appeared like revengeful Furies 
Facinorum recordatione nunquam timore vacuus. Tacit. An. 14.  to his conscious and guilty Spirit? What, I say, was the reason of it, but a fear of an After-reckoning in another State, for his prodigious and lewd Impieties? For( as a late 
Dr. Cradock in his Sermon on Eccles. 9.2. preached before the King, Feb. 10.  Author hath with great strength of Reason  told us) The Consideration of the Day of judgement, rather with Despair than Hope, is the Reason why the Wicked are so ill governed, and often so unhappy in their Prosperity, and so comfortless in Affliction. And as Antipheron, through a Disease in his Eye, thought he always had his own Image before him: So wicked Men( be they never so great) will sometimes have before them the ugly Image of their Sin, and the hideous Shape of that Punishment which is feared and expected by them in another World. Hae sunt impiis assiduae domesticaeque Furiae, says the Roman Orator; These are the Furies that follow those guilty Men with Torches, and flesh Hell-sire into their Faces, and so fear and distracted their Minds, that Plato concludes, that if their Breasts 
{αβγδ}. Plato lib. 9. de Rep.  were transparent, we should see such Wheals and Gashes upon their Minds, as Rods of Iron, and Scourges of Steel make upon the mangled Bodies of condemned Malefactors.  
Nor indeed can the most obdurate Sinners, who use all their endeavours to suppress the Thoughts of a future State, so stifle and check them, but that they will haunt and pursue them. And as there is no Man living, that is wholly quit of the Fears of future Misery after Death; so there is no Creature but Man, that is molested by them: For which, if there be no sufficient Ground or Reason, we must then impeach the great Creator of the World, for making Man alone a needless Torment and burden to himself.  
And as those strange Disorders in the Souls and Minds of Men, do indicate and proclaim a future judgement; so also those little Disorders and Alterations in Nature,( such as are frightful Eruptions from the Earth, wonderful Eclipses of the Lights of Heaven, the strange Fires sometimes discovered in the Air, the mighty Tremblings of the Earth) may seem( like Jerusalem pictured upon a Tile by the Prophet) as little Maps and Imitations, as Essays and Assurances of that dreadful Confusion, which shall cover the whole Face of Nature at the last Day of judgement, and as kinds of Praeludia to that Day, when the Sun shall be clothed with Darkness, and the Elements shall melt with fervent Heat; and the Earth, with all the Works therein, shall be burnt up.  
And thus having proved a judgement to come, from Reason, and the Principles of Nature, I come now to prove it,  
II. From Scripture, and Divine Revelation.  
'tis true indeed, that Temporal Things are more expressly insisted upon in the Promises and threatenings of the Old Testament, by reason of the grossness and dullness of the Jews, who doting very much upon sensible things, were therefore more easy to be wrought upon by such Proposals. But that these things were never designed as the chief Motives of Religion, may appear from the several Calamities that fell upon some of the best Men of those Ages. So that to have made the Promises of Temporal Felicities, the chief Supports and Pillars of their Faith, had been the ready way to undermine it, and a sufficient Motive to them to disbelieve those Promises, which by their own woeful experience they had found false. The principal Evidence therefore of a future judgement, is to be found in the New Testament, where 'tis said, 2 Cor. 5.10. That we must appear before the judgement-seat of Christ, that every one may receive the Things done in his Body, according to that he hath done, whether it be good or bad. And that, 2 Tim. 1.10. Christ hath brought Life and Immortality to Light through the Gospel. And in the Verse of my Text, It is appointed to Men once to die, but after this, the judgement.  
Being then thus persuaded of a future judgement, of what Rock and Adamant must that Heart be made, which will not tremble with Felix? What a strange thing is it, that as in Arabia the Ice and crystal are congealed by the power of Divine Fire, and not by could, as 
{αβγδ}.  Diodorus tells us; so these icy crystal Hearts of ours should be frozen by that Fire of Heaven, which shall melt and dissolve the World at the Day of judgement? Especially if we consider, that the Great Judge, who shall then pass Sentence upon us, hath these three Properties to represent him dreadful to us, which can hardly center and meet together in any Person here upon Earth; 

1. Clear Knowledge.  
2. Entire Justice.  
3. Uncontrollable Power.    
1. The great Judge of Heaven and Earth hath Clear Knowledge.  
Want of clear Evidence sometimes puts Men to a melius inquirendum, to a second Enquiry, and makes the judge( as the Custom was among the Romans) writ a Non liquet, and the Jury( as amongst us) confess an Ignoramus. But this cannot without Blasphemy be affirmed of the great Judge of Heaven and Earth, who is Omniscient, who is of the Privy-Council to all our Thoughts; he needs no other Evidence, no other Witness than our most secret Thoughts against us; the darkest Corners of our Hearts are open and known to him. He is greater than our Hearts, and knoweth all things, 1 John 3.20. Masks, Paintings, and Disguisings, in other things, if they add no Beauty, yet they conceal Deformities; but in relation to God, all this Cost and Labour is lost. Nothing is more deformed in the Eye of God, than a periwigg'd painted Sinner, than a carnal Man talking of the Spirit, than a Wolf in Sheeps Clothing, than a wicked Man( like that wicked Woman in the Proverbs) wiping his Mouth, and saying, I have done no evil. He can see Jeroboam's Wife in her Disguise, and the Devil in Samuel's Mantle.  
From God no Cloud can shadow us, no Deep can cover us, no Mountain can hid us. He saw Adam, though he hide himself. He found out Cain's bloody Crime, when no Man impeached or accused him. Achan's Sacrilege was closely carried, yet God's Eye was upon him: and though David drew the Curtains, and carried his Adultery with Bathsheba as private as he could, yet God discovered him. He can search Jerusalem with Candles, Zeph. 1.12. prie into the most concealed secret Sin.  
Let the Pretences of our Actions be never so fair, yet God first or last will pull off their Mask and Disguise, and show them as they are to the World.  
I have red of one Phryne, a fair courtesan, that feasting one day among her Companions, she recommended to them this Sport and Divertisement, namely, That whatsoever one did, all the rest should follow, and do the same. To which when they had all consented, Phryne calls for Water, and washes her Face, whose Example all the rest follow; which when they had done, they appeared wrinkled and deformed, because they were painted; but she( as having used no such Art) seemed much the fairer. Now as the Latin Poet tells us, Ludit in humanis Divina Potentia rebus;  
And 'tis a kind of Sport and Recreation to God, to discover false Play among Men, to wash off the fair Colours from foul Actions, as well to expose the Actor to the Scorn of the World, as to show the Beauty of his own knowledge.  
Philip of Macedon displaced a Magistrate for colouring his Beard, as suspecting that he might colour a Cause too. But this Trade of painting and colouring Causes, is no Trade, either of Repute or Advantage, since the outward Paint cannot conceal the internal Evil from the knowledge of God; who if he does not presently wash off the Paint here, will be so just as to punish the Painter at the Day of judgement.  
And this brings me to the second Property, that represents the great Judge of Heaven and Earth terrible to us; and that is,  
2. Entire Justice.  
An Earthly Judge or Magistrate may( like Lysimachus) patronise and defend Injustice, and like those Judges in Beersheba, spoken of in 1 Sam. 8.3. He may turn aside after filthy Lucre, take Bribes, and pervert judgement, and in trying a Cause be no less biased than Tully was by his Love to Pompey, when he let fall these words, so very ill becoming the Mouth of a great Consul and Orator of Rome, The Love of 
Tantùn amor erga Pompeium apud me valet, ut quae illi utilia sunt,& quae ille vult, mihi jam omnia& vera& recta videantur. Tull. Epist. lib. 1. Epist. 8. ad Lentulum,  Pompey is so prevalent with me, that I cannot but make his Profit and Advantage the Standard of Justice, and take my Measures from what is pleasing to him, not from what is really just and right.  
Earthly Magistrates may be partial, and respect Persons, not Causes. Thus Philip Comines complains, that many Mens Offices and Lands were taken from them for running away in the battle between Lewis the Eleventh, and the Burgundians, and given to those who ran nine Miles further than they.  Dat veniam Corvis, vexat censura Columbas. 
Here in earthly Courts of Judicature, Innocence may sometimes be under the Lash, when Guilt escapes without a Blow. The Eye of Partiality overlooks great Ones, and only kills the small and puny Offenders. Thus Saul destroys the common People, but spares their King; the unprofitable poor Vulgar must die, but Agag may procure vast Sums of Money for his Ransom, therefore he shall live: But no such Injustice can be found in the Judge of all the Earth. Justice is one of his inseparable Attributes, it is Essential to him; he dwells with Justice, Psal. 89.14. Justice and judgement are the Habitation of his Throne. Nay, he is Justice itself.  
Justice in God is no Quality, that may be got and lost again; but it is his very Nature and Essence. Deny him to be Just, and ye deny him to be God. And can there flow any Injustice from the pure Fountain of Justice? Gen. 18.25. Shall not the Judge of all the Earth do Right?  
3. A third Property of the Judge of all the Earth, which may render him terrible to us, is, His Uncontrollable Power, which no earthly judge can pretend to.  
Here upon Earth, the Criminal may be too great to be crushed by the Hand of Justice, he may outgrow the Power of the Laws. The Leviathan may be too strong to have a Hook put in his Nostrils. A Mans Greatness may protect his Wickedness, and screen him from the heat of the Magistrates Zeal against 'vice; or he may find shelter from the Storms and Showers of Justice, under the Shadow of some Royal Oak; his Princes Favour may guard him from the Stroke of Justice. But none of these Cases are incident in the ways of God's proceeding. He is( Jerem. 32.18.) the Great, the Mighty God. He is greater than the greatest of Men, Job 33.12.  
God is greater than Man, he is not to be hectored or outbrav'd by any Sin, be it never so Universal. It is not a Multitude that can countenance and uphold Iniquity against him; for it is not only true which the Prophet saith, That a thousand Years with him are but as one Day: But in the Case we now speak of, a whole World with him are no more than one Man.  
Caligula, the Emperour, cruelly wished, that all the People of Rome had but one Neck, that he might strike it off at a Blow: So when the great Judge of Heaven and Earth shall execute judgement upon Sinners, all the World hath before him( as it were) but one Neck; and if it please him,( as it did once under Noah) he will strike it off at a Blow.  
We have not such a God in the New Testament, as martion the heretic fancied to himself, Qui solis literis prohibet 
tertul. adv. martion. lib. 1. cap. 27.  delinquere; who gives no further Check and Restraint to Sin, than by Words and Letters; that fears to condemn what he cannot but disallow, or that hath not power to punish what he hath forbid. For though Man by Sin runs away from his God, yet he is still in his Chain; and though he may have put on the Devils Livery, yet he is still within the verge and reach of God's Power, who can deliver him up to Satan, and make his new Master whom he serves, his gaoler, his Executioner.  
I beseech you then tell me, Do you believe that God is such a Judge as he hath been represented to you? Or, are you yet fully persuaded that there is a judgement to come? Do you firmly and hearty believe, that for every vicious Act, every shameless loud Riot, every boisterous Oath or Rage, every Neglect of God's Worship, every Act of Injustice, God will one day bring you to judgement? If you believe this, and yet venture upon such dangerous Courses, you are the most daring and desperate Persons in the World; and you have Courage enough( as Curtius did into the gulf or Lake at Rome) to ride in a full Career into the gulf or Lake of Fire and Brimstone; or with Theseus, to go down into Hell, and skirmish and duel with the Fiends there. Let me therefore for once set up an infamous Trade, red you a Lecture of cowardice, and assure you, that this Doctrine of a judgement to come may be allowed to chill your Blood with Fear, and put you into an Ague of trembling; and that it may consist very well with the greatest Courage and Gallantry, to fear Him who can cast both Soul and Body into Hell. For would it not daunt and amaze the stoutest Man that ever breathed, to look upon Death, when he can see nothing but Hell and judgement beyond it? When the Apparition at Endor  told Saul, To morrow thou and thy Sons shall be with me; these words did so strangely perplex and confounded him, that he fell to the Ground, and there was no more Strength left in him. Now these Torments are as certainly yours, if you continue in any unjust or vicious practise, as if a flamy Messenger from Hell, mounted in his Vehicle of Fire and Brimstone, should now come and declare it to you.  
When Popilius, 
Prinsquam hoc circulo excedas, red respousum Senatui quod referam. Liv. decade 5. l. 5.  by order of the Roman Senate, required Antiochus to withdraw his Army from the King of Egypt, and he desired time to deliberate upon it, Popilius drew a circled about him with his Wand, and said, Give me your Answer, and final Resolution, which I may return to the Senate, before you stir out of this circled.  
The Day of judgement is making its Approaches towards you, and you must now, before you go out of the circled of this World, resolve, whether you will withdraw from the Service of Sin and Satan, and thereby make it prove to you a joyful and an happy Day.  
You of this City have already felt the weight of God's heavy Hand in his Temporal Judgments; but beware( I beseech you) how you come under the Lash of his everlasting Tortures and Punishments at the last and dreadful judgement.  
Many of you have seen the Pale Horse St. 
Rev. 6.8.  John speaks of, prancing about this City, with one upon his Back whose Name was DEATH, who road in Triumph through this great Metropolis of our Nation, attended with a large Train of dead Corps, and played the Tyrant in so cruel a manner, as to keep Men Prisoners first in their own Houses, and then remove them thence with an Habeas Corpus, to the Grave, his Prison, his House of Darkness; so that it might have been said of this poor City, as it was once of Egypt, That there was scarce a House in which some one or other was not dead.  
And after that God( remembering Mercy in the midst of judgement) had dismounted this King of Terrors, and caused him to set up his Pale Horse in his proper Stable, as having done Excecution enough upon him; yours, and the whole Nations Sins so provoked his Wrath, and enflamed his Anger, which( by the removal of the Pestilence) seemed extinct and quenched, as to make him cast his Fireballs amongst you, and consume the Beauty and Glory of our Nation with a flaming Destruction. And O that you could have seen by the Light of those Flames the Things that belong to your Peace, lest( like the Inhabitants of Jerusalem spoken of by the 
Ezek. 15.7, 8.  Prophet) you may be said to have gone out from one Fire, and that another shall devour you; lest you should seem to be as 
Amos 4.11.  Firebrands, plucked out of a Temporal, to be cast into Everlasting Fire at the Day of judgement, into a Fire that is not 
Mark 9.44.  quenched; a Fire, in comparison whereof the Babylonian Furnace, seven times hotter than usual, was but a cool Shade, and a Place of Refreshment. And the great and dreadful Conflagration this populous City did so tremble at, was but as a small Spark to that Infernal Tophet, but a painted Fire to those everlasting Burnings.  
You will therefore, I hope, accept of my Devotion, who am a Citizen by Birth, and a Native of this Parish where I now stand, if( that you may escape the Condemnation of the last judgement) I put up to the Throne of Grace the same Petition for you and myself, which St. Paul did for his Friend Onesiphorus, 
2. Tim. 1.18.  The Lord grant, that we may find Mercy of the Lord in that Day, that great and terrible Day of judgement; and that having our Sins washed away with the Tears of Repentance, and the Blood of Christ, which speaks better Things than the Blood of Abel, we may all be 
Ephes. 2.19.  Fellow-Citizens with the Saints, and of the household of God, in the highest Heavens; into which we beseech Almighty GOD to receive us all, for the sake of Jesus Christ the Righteous; to whom, with the Father, and the Holy Ghost, be ascribed by us, all Honour, Glory, Praise, Power, Might, Majesty, and Dominion, both now and for ever.  
FINIS.   

BOOKS sold by Benjamin Billingsley, at the Printing-Press in cornhill.  
REsolves Divine, Moral, Political: The tenth Impression: With several new Additions, both in Prose and Verse, not extant in the former Impression. By own Feltham, Esq; In folio.  
ΠΑΝΣΕΒΕΙΑ, or a View of all Religions in the World, with the several Church-Governments from the Creation, till these times. Also a Discovery of all known Heresies, in all Ages and Places: And choice Observations and Reflections throughout the whole. Enlarged, and perfected by Alexander Ross. To which is annexed the Lives, Actions, and Ends of certain notorious heretics, with their Effigies in Copper-Plates. In Octavo.  
Of Baptism, and the Lord's Supper. Two short Discourses, opening the Nature, Design, and Ends of those two great Gospel-Ordinances; and teaching the Holiness, and Improvement of them. In Twelves.