A Short Relation Of the Rise and Progress Of the TURKISH wars In Hungaria, Austria, Moravia, Silesia and Bohemia, From the year 1359 to the end of the year 1663.  
With a SUPPLEMENT Or Description of the said country, and a map wherein the Cities, towns and Rivers of the same are Explained.  
LONDON.  
To be sold in St Pauls Churchyard, at the sign of the Queens Arms, near the little North-Door of St Pauls Church, 1664.   

Leicensed  
the 24 of April 1664, by Roger L'Estrange.   

 map of Poland and Hungary   

A short Relation of the Rise& Progress Of the TURKISH wars, In Hungaria, Austria, Moravia, Silesia and Bohemia.  
From the year 1359, to the end of the year 1663.  
THe kingdom of Hungary having been for many ages as a Wall to christendom against the Turkes, was in the year 1395 first invaded by the saracens, King sigismond being▪ defeated in that year,( though he had gotten a powerful Army together) and yet he was far worse beaten in the year 1409 by the Turkes. In the year 1439 Amurath the Turkish Emperour came before Senderyn, situated on the Donaw being a city belonging to george Despota; Lord of that Country, who durst not attend the Turkes coming, but fled out of the city, leaving his two sons therein, to defend the same: he wrote to the Emperour for assistance but it was then too late, for the saracens soon took the said place in by a storm, and caused the said two sons Eyes to be put out, and afterwards to be gelded, putting to the Sword besides all the inhabitants. Anno 1441 John Huniadar Corvinus( whose Father was a native Wallachian, but his Mother a graecian Woman) being the Emperours general in Transilvania; cut off in a Village 20000 Turkes, amongst whom was killed the Turkish Bashaw and his son, whose heads Corvinus caused to be stuck upon a wagon ( which was so full of Turkes heads that ten Horses could hardly draw it) which said Treasure he in that manner presented to the German Emperour; In the year 1442& 43. did Corvinus again courageously beate the Turkes out of the field. Anno 1444 Ulad●slaus the King of Hungary broken the peace with the Turkes( being thereunto incited by Pope. Eugenius who wrote unto him that he was not obliged to keep his Oath with Infidels) and took the field( all though against the advice of Corvinus who proposed to him what a shane it was to break his Oath, which, even the very Turkes did keep, and how much more Christians ought to do so, But the King being backed by the legate Julianus, despised the council of Corvinus, and marched forward: Now the Turkes hearing that the King of Hungary was so perfidious, came hastily over the Hellespont with 100000 Men, whom the Masters and Pilots of Genoa( having for each turk a piece of Gold) waifted over before Vladislaus was ware of it: upon St Martins Eve the Christians and Turkes joined Battle, and the Turks at first were put to flight, and Amurath the Turkish Emperour also flying, who seeing a Crucifix in one of their ensigns, cried out aloude O thou crucified Christ if thou art the Son of God, power down thy wrath upon this King and his people, for he hath most perfidiously broken the Oath, which he hath sworn by thy Name and holy Gospel. Behold now there the Turkes flying, and their camels full of Treasure dispersed, the Bishop of Erland and Waradin fall on to plunder, but the King desirous to follow the Victory, notwithstanding Corvinus shewed him the danger thereof( and counseled him to the contrary) with certain Horse followeth the pursuit, which a Janisary perceving, who knew him, shot his Horse under him, and so killed the said perfidious King, cutting of his head, and stuck it upon a long spear; Thus sped that peace-breaking Monarch of Hungary, whose guard endeavoured to have rescued him, but in vain: All the Christians in number about 30000 were that very day by the Turkish Emperour hemmed in and cut off and the Hungarian Kings head,( who was but 20 years old) was carried into Turkey. Anno 1445 Corvinus was made Vice-Roy of Hungary, who having confederated himself with the Prince scanderbag, did in the year 1448 cut of 34000 Turkes in three dayes space, but the last day the Dice turned and Corvinus with many Christians where beaten, and he in his flight being attacked by two Murtherers( who both quarreled about the faire and great Gold cross which hung about his neck, Corvinus wrung one of their Scymiters out of their hands, wherewith he killed the one of them and caused the other( having disarmed him) to fly: he retiring himself, was by Despota taken prisoner and not discharged, until he had delivered over his son Uladislaus as Hostage; But he did shortly after well reward the Despota by visiting him, with an Army, so that the Despota was glad( with many gifts and presents) to restore him his son again. Anno 1452 Corvinus silently retired into Hungary, where King Vladislaus( who now was but 12 yeares old) reigned, to whom he resigned up his Vice-Royship of Transilvania, but the King would perforce that he should keep it, and gave him also the earldom or County of Bistrice: which great honor the earl of Celien envying, he accused Corvinus as if he aspired to the crown of Hungary, and sought the life of his Majesty; but Corvinus being advertised thereof, did so cunningly work himself through all these obstacles, that the Accuser was imprisoned, and he triumphantly continued in his honour. Anno 1456 the Turkish Emperour Mahomet, who had been made Roman Emperour, by his Father, upon condition, that he should be, and ever remain an unreconcilable enemy of the name of JESUS: Three yeares after he took Constantinople from the Christians, massacring almost all he found, and caused all the Borders of christendom by his Vagabonds and stragglers to be harassed, and miserable destroyed. Vladislaus the Hungarian King, fearing that those invasions might apparently take hold of, and break into Vienna, took care thereof; but none save Corvinus alone, knew any remedy to oppose the Turkish powers, he advised and strengthened himself with Cardinal Joannes, Legate of Pope Calixto, and certain German forces, unto whom joined Capistranus an Italian by birth( who was both cunning and curagious, but a mere Hypocrite and dissembler) with 600 Polanders, who adored him as an idol, with these and other troops did they in the year 1456, attempt to relieve Stoel-Weissenburgh, which was besieged by Mahomet: Corvinus got into it, and encouraged the Garrison, and sallied out the 6th of August, in which conflict Mahomet himself was wounded in his Eye, and carried dead into his Tent, which they set on fire and so most shamefully left the siege, hereupon Corvinus sallies out again, but returning back, and being too much wearied, departed this life the 10 of September, having been a faithful Servant of christendom; Count Ulrich of Celien hearing of this, stirreth the King of Hungary up, against the two surviving sons of Corvinus. Anno 1457 the King and Count Celien meeting together at Greek-Weissenburgh to divide the spoil gotten from the Turkes Vladislaus, Corvinus eldest son fell at variance, first in words with the said Count of Celien, and afterwards to blows, in so much that Vladislaus run Count Celien through▪ Vladislaus Mother did by reason hereof on her knees beg pardon of the King and obtained it, his Majesty soon after commanding, that they should all put of their mourning weeds, and put on Purple Robes embroidered with Gold, which the King gave them as a reward of their Fathers demerits; But they afterwards travailing from often towards Hungary, thinking that all was pacified, were by the King( who was incensed by fresh Accusers) taken Prisoners, and caused Vladislaus most cruelly to bee beheaded in the fields, without any process of Law; and Mathias the youngest brother to be conveyed a Prisoner in strong chains to Vienna. One thing was observable, that the Headsman when he should execute Vladislaus, struck him three blows without fetching Blood, and though he protested his innocency, he was never the less dispatched. But God to whom Vengeance always belongeth, punished that King of Hungary, for in the year 1458, as he was traveling to Prague to mary with that incredible precious Princess Magdalen, Daughter of the King of France, he( being then but 18 yeares old) was in the space of thirty houres in health and dead, being upon 24 of November destroyed by poison; But Mathias was miraculously delivered by his uncle, who sent to the King of Bohemia 50000 Hungary gilders, by which he was not onely discharged, but the King of Bohemia gave him his daughter to Wife, by which means Mathias himself came to be the King of Hungary and was successful in his wars against the Turkes, not withstanding, that the Polander much envied him, who himself would have had the Hungarian crown on his head; but was in the year 1463 at Bania shot with an Arrow in the back. Anno 1481 the Turkish Emperour Mahomet deceased of a great fit of the Collike, which continued three dayes. Anno 1490 dyed King Mathias, having grieved himself too much about some harsh words which he had used against one of his Servants. Anno 1520 the Hungarians more and more declining mocked and shamefully entreated the Turkish ambassadors, whereupon a war ensues, in which the Turkes won Weissenburgh, beating King Lodowick: a monk by his too much bragging being the loss of this,( his name was Tomorewes,) because he performed not his promise in time, and King Lodowick stumbling in a hole in the Water called Drabmarr( which was but a spann and a half deep) though coming out, was thrown backward and his Horse fell upon him, under which he at last was smothered; That villainous monk two Bishops, and four other heads, were carried through the Turkish Leaguer, and amongst others the head of Ladislaus Soleani Archbishop of grand, who would very fain have left a great Treasure behind him, without assisting the King therewith, the Turkish Emperour saying, That Francis Bary Bishop of Waradyn had done better, by warning the King against this Battle; and seeing a piece of Hungary money upon which both the King and queen of Hungary( who where both of them young) coined or instamped, is said to have been grieved, that his council had not advised him against that field Battle, he not being come into Hungary to prejudice the King Lodowick, but to a venge the spiteful usage shewed to his ambassadors, and that he( if Lodowick had been alive) would willingly have assigned the whole kingdom to him, upon a small Tribute, because he had been deceived and seduced by his own people; but the Turkes when they speak faire are not to be trusted for they did afterwards win Pest and often; which King Ferdinand 1527 rewonn, but lost the same again, and also Comorra. Anno 1529 came soliman before Vienna, of which the suburbs were burned, it had yet 20000 foot Souldiers, and 2000 Horse therein: soliman the Turkish Emperour demanded the City to be surrendered, but they answered him, that they by Gods grace would defend the said City to the last Man, whereupon soliman came with 400 Ships down the Donaw, and with slight Cannon, caused all the Bridges to be thrown down: the Christians had but ill success then, yet after that 636 Citizens had been killed, the Turkes upon the 14 of October 1529 left the siege after the Christians had there lost 1500 Men; then the Turkish Emperour returned to Constantinople, and made John Vayvod at often King of Hungaria: The Turks had before that time taken the City often without blow or push, the Germans not making one shot, which much troubled Thomas Nodasti their governor, Soliman himself praising Nodasties faithfulness, and gave him,( though he was his Prisoner) his life, But the Germans when they were marched out( although he promised them their lives) did he cause to be killed in the fields, for their perfideousnes, thereby punishing the falsity of Soldiers, whilst he as Turkish Emperour committed falseness, by breaking his promise, made to the German Soldiers: soliman did then also win Comorra and the well fortified city Altenburgh. Anno 1532 the Turkes beleaguered grand, and did much disstresse it, but where as the women and Children who were fled into the Castle made a great noise and cry, the turk, thinking, that there were still very many Soldiers in the city, did therefore depart▪ and left the siege. Anno 1537 were the Imperialists beaten by M●homet, because John Catzianer general o● the Crabates played the part of a faithless man, leaving Lodowick Lodron in the danger, who carried himself so manfully, that he cut the hamstrings of his own Horse, thereby to give an example to his Soldiers, that he would not ride nor run away, but stand by them to the death; he was( manfully fighting) at length taken prisoner, cut in pieces, and his head sent to Constantinople: Catziaus thought to excuse himself, but was apprehended, though cutting the sheet's of his Bed into pieces, he escaped out of his Chamber, and ran to the Turkes,( who upon condition, of delivering over some Cities in Austria) confirmed him to be general in Croatia; he thereby thought to induce Nicholas earl of Seryn to do the like, ye● this brave Champion would not break his Oath, which he had sworn to the Emperour, but did after dinner cause this traitor to be murdered, and sent his head to the Emperour, by reason whereof this noble family of the Seryns which indeed are brave Souldiers, were by the Emperour dignified with the Castle of Catzianer and all his goods.  
Anno 1540. John King of Hungary deceasing, left a widow and 2 Son of eleven dayes old behind him, the Christians called him Steven but the Turkes John Issabella, the widow was by a monk whose name was Iurian, persuaded, that both of them should take the crown of Hungary upon their heads; The monk being cunning, though poor, yet of a noble house of Croatia, and educated by the deceased King Iohns Mother, being ashamed to serve other men, retired himself into a Monastery at St Paul learning as much Latin as that he could say the mass: 'tis true that King John made much of him; and Iuriaen the monk carried himself well, in so much that the King made him his Steward over Transilvania, and gave him the bishopric of Waradyn; but this monk and the Queen fearing that the Emperour Ferdinand, in pursuit of the peace concluded between Austria and Hungaria would endeavour to make himself Master of Hungary, sent in the name of the young Son( whom they pretended to desire that he should remain King of Hungary) to the Turkish Emperour, a two yeares contribution, namely a tun of Gold, and one hundred silver gilded dishes, forty coats embroidered with Gold and Sylver, after the Turkish fashion, and thirty pound weight of beaten Gold; whereby they obtained great assistance against the German Emperour in somuch, that anno 1541 the Turkes won Pest out of which the inhabitants as if they had been pursued ran away in so much that the River Donaw turned red with their blood, losing thereby 2500 Men, and 186 pieces of Cannon. soliman the Turkish Emperour being incensed by some of his Soldiers( in despite of the Emperour of Austria) caused the Christian Prisoners to be massacred; but sent to the Queen of Hungary and his friend the monk great presents, desiring to see her chief Lords and Son in his Leaguer, the monk doth not council the Queen to the contrary thereof but promiseth to remain surety, that her son should be by soliman returned to his Mother; though when they were come thither, and whilst soliman kindly yet deceitfully entertained them, and the Lords who accompanied them; he overmastered the city often; afterwards he sent the young King back again, but detained the Lords who brought him thither, and made the monk Treasurer: the Emperour Ferdinand did then beg to obtain Hungary and Sevenbergen of him, but yet in vain, The monk Iuriaen having gotten in all likelihood his will of the Queen, maintained her very meanly, in so much, that shee complained to the Emperour of Turkey( for shee could not sustain herself with that which Iuriaen allowed her, but soliman caused care to be taken of her which so much grieved the monk; that he said to the earl of Solms, that he knew a way to bereave the Queen( although shee was the Daughter of sigismond King of Poland) of all her Kingdoms. And thereupon began a war in Transilvania, wherein the Inhabitants incline to the traitor and desert the Queen; But yet the Secklers a trusty people, remaining faithful to the queen, forced the monk to an agreement; afterwards Iuriaen became perjured, and he seeketh assistance of Ferdinand the German Emperour, who in the year 1548 won Erlan: In the year 1551 the monk had so much seduced the Emperour, that the King of Stoel- Weissenburgh constrained the Queen to agree with Iuriaen and to surrender Transilvania, to him, Ferdinand was to give her for a present the sum of 150000 Hungary Crownes yearly, and yearly to her Son 25000 Crownes, and that the queen should incorporate the City Casha, but afterwards the truth appeared, for when the King at Table related to the Emperours general Castoldo, that Iuriaen the monk was the occasion of all those troubles, he a month after fell of from the Emperour, and in the interim a Turkish Bashaw intended to have taken the queen prisoner; But it sped not, and in the mean time was Transilvania conveyed over to the Emperour, at which the turk was incensed, and not being content with the agreement between the Emperour and the Queen, thereupon followed a great war in Transilvania, in which the monk appeareth in the field; and at the Emperours earnest entreaty, Iurian the grand knave was by Pope Iulius the third made cardinal, who by credit of his hath acted very prejudicially against christendom, in so much, as there were several designed to make him away, to which end Castaldo Palavicino one of the Imperial colonels, coming to Bintz to advice with the monk, concerning the management of the imperial Army, and not being satisfied with the monks opinions concerning the same, Castaldo departed from the monk in a great discontent, and coming by Andreas Loperean another Commander of the Army,  told how necessary it was, that the monk should be dispatched out of the way, or al Hungary would be lost. Both agree with 24 Spanish soldiers, to surprise some towers of the City, and order several Troops to be in a readiness, near to the gates of the city of Bintz, and that night it was observed that the River was swelled so high, that it was never known before in the memory of the eldest in the city, at which the monk himself was not a little troubled; in the morning as the monks wagons did effectually go out of the gates of the city, for provisions, several Heyduks clothed in turkish habits to hide their arms, came into the city, and Palavicino attended with some trusty spanish Soldiers, came very early to the monks Lodgings, desiring to speak with the monk, having in their company( for to avoid suspicion) an other Spaniard who was the monks Secretary, who having a letter in his hand, was immediately admitted into the monks Chamber: Palavicino stepping after, held the door so that it might not be shut again, the Secretary coming to the monk, who was leaning upon a Table in his night-Gowne, desired leave of him to go with the Marckgraef Palavicino to Vienna, and if he pleased to command him any service thither, giving him the letter he carried in his hand, and desiring him to red it, which while the monk was doing, the Secretary being behind him, strooke this monk with his Dagger upon the shoulder, so that it came throw his breast and out near his throat whereupon the monk creyed out O Iesu Mary: and struck the Secretary upon his breast, insomuch that he fell backward against the corner of the Table, the Marquis hearing the noise, Suddenly stepped with his naked sword into the Chamber, and with a mighty blow cleft his head asunder, the other Spanyards entering in, killed him outright, after he had first bitterly wept, O Iesus Mary our Lady: my dear bretheren wherefore do you this? Thus punished God one by the other: those who murdered the monk remained not unpunished, for Palavicino was taken Prisoner by the Turkes, and carried away into Slavery: two others of them was beheaded in France, an other was for his falsehood quartered, and an other was killed by a wild Boar: And the princedom of Transilvania fell afterwards into greater misery then ever before: The Turkish Emperour understanding the monks death, who had been very serviceable to him in many things( to the prejudice of Christendume) became very sorrowful, and the more, because the Christians became masters of all the monks fortresses and riches, whereupon he in his turkish wrath, swore by Mahomet to avenge the same upon Transilvania, for it vexed him sorely, that 250000 Crownes which the said monk left behind him, and also 50000 Crownes lying amongst the Officers at Bints, Waradyn, Vivar and Deve, came into the hands of the Christians: although the German Emperour Ferdinand did very justly command, that all such sums as he had in his life time taken from the queen, should be again paid unto her, out of the monks relict goods, and did also out of the same goods richly reward those who murdered the monk, and did cause the rest of the Gold and Silver to be melted, and Hungary money to be coined thereof, which pieces or kind of money as being of good allowance, did long afterwards cause the Hungary Ducats and smaller pieces to be well esteemed of. On the other side the Pope was angry that the Emperours Folkes had killed the monk, and did therefore despise the Emperours ambassadors, he thinking it to be an infallible thing, that because he had given the monk a cardinals hat, he was therefore virtuous in all his dealings, as if that understanding and virtue were entailed to that dignity, and he caused the Emperour, for that cause to be sharply reprehended, that he caused a person so well qualified, and renowned in Europe, to bee murdered. The Emperour Ferdinand as an obedient son of the Church of Rome, fearing to enrage the Pope promised to demonstrate the just demerit of the monk, and that the manifold villainies by him committed were more then certain enough, but it availed nought, because the Pope required that they should have made him heir of the Monks Estate, for he sent to that end three express Legates from Rome to Austria, that they should sand him over a true Inventory of all the monks relict goods; But the Germans answered the couvetous Legates, that the Military persons were paid therewith, and that there was not so much found, as they had made the Pope believe. This did the Legates writ over to the Pope, who being thereby the more enraged, said, that the sins of the Murtherers of the monk, should never be forgiven: notwithstanding that there were several original Letters shewed to the said Legates, which the said monk had in his life-time,( to the shane of the Christians) exchanged with the Turkes, in one of which amongst the rest, stood written as followeth, That he had agreed with soliman the Turkish Emperour, that he should have caused him( although but a monk) to be crwoned King of Hungary, and that alone with this condition, that he should pay but a small Tribute to soliman. In the mean while, the turk accordingly as he had threatened presently invaded Transilvania, taketh Temeswar, Sobuch and Solnoch; besieged Erlan, in which place, the Woman as well as the Men demonstrated their courage, for defence of their country, for they made in the city a mutual and solemn Covenant to that end one with another: 1. That upon pain of death no peace should be made with the Turkes, 2. That no man should yield themselves to the Turkes, 3. Neither give any other answer to them then by shooting against them, 4. That if by famine they were compelled to each others Flesh; that it should be noe shame to any one. 5. That Woman as well as Men should work at the fortifications for the relief of sick and wounded persons. 6. That for prevention of all treason it was ordered that but 3 or 4 persons should assemble together, or talk privately, being always mindful how they ought to fight for their country. 7. That all provisions should be to each one equally divided. 8. That all poultry and choicest fare, should be onely preserved for the sick and wounded persons: Those of Erlan being thus resolved, did manfully resist thirteen most bloody storms; and although Mahomet Bashaw promised them all favours and privileges, yet they contemned the same, and gave no other answer unto his fl●ttering promises, but shewed him a dead bear, covereth with a mourning Cloath, which they lifted up, upon two spears above the walls, giving him thereby to understand, that they would rather manfully within the Walls die for the defence of the city, then leaving the same become slaves to the Turkes, or die as faithless Christians. And these Rules were thus registered in their records. In this siege it happened, that a Woman standing upon the Walls, her Husband was shot dead down by her side, at which shee being undaunted, would not depart from the Walls to bury her Husband, before shee had taken her revenge upon the Turkes for it, to which end shee did presently disrobe her Husband of his arms, and put them upon herself, and was not satisfied before shee had killed three Turkes with her own hands, and then shee caused her Husband to be bury●d in the Church. Another Wom●n in this siege carrying a great ston upon her head, to fling down upon the saracens who were storming, her head was shot of: her Daughter standing by her side, not withstanding shee was much bloodied with the shot, made at her mother, took up the same ston, and killed two Turkes, and wounded other two therewith; whereby shee wholly forgot her mothers death. Anno 1556 won the Turkes Stoel-Weissenburgh. Anno 1558 Ferdinand was Elected Emperour in Charles the fifths place, and after him Maximilian, who quitted himself well against the Turkes, but the most detestable thing was, that the Hungarians themselves, out of malice to each other encouraged the Turkes, in so much that they cruelly plagued Hungary, Transilvania, Wallachia, and other parts, practising about nothing else but to spoil Europe, and sought by divers ways and means( though in vain) to obtain the assistance of the northern and western Christians: 'tis true they procured some who assisted them with Gunnpowder and Cannon, and also some engineers, and fireworks, by the way of Muscovie, intending thereby to have forced the strong fortress Sigeth: which the Count Seryn understanding, and having understood their inclination thereunto several yeares before, he stopped up the Gates of the place with earth and took an oath to the death of the Cittisens, that they would never listen to the Turkes, in so much, that when as the Turkes sometimes, though they had advanced or gotten some what, he defended the place very manfully, and though the saracens in one▪ day saw above 300 Turkes heads stuck upon spears about the Walls at which sight their courage and force to fight was lost, they yet attempted to persuade& bribe the same Count Seryn by money( though in vain) to deliver over the said place: In the mean time soliman the Turkish Emperour death: the Turkes( according to their deceitful nature) shewed the Soldiers the Corps in a Coffin, pretending that those who saw him, and stormed Sigeth, should be assisted by the deceased soliman, and become masters of the place● the janissaries in this matter the most earnest, fell on manfully upon the Castle, but they found by the manful resistance themselves wonderfully deceived. Then Count Seryn was again by the Garrison very much pressed, and demanded, why they so long should withstand so great force, the Soldiers pretending, that they lived but by their wages and the Oath, the Count seeing their discontent, and that there was noe othet issue, but death to be expected, he put on a dark purple Suite of clothes, took the keys of the Castle, and a 100 Hungary Gilders; the Imperial ensigns, his Semiter and Target, and laying them by him, he sent for the Souldiers, leaning with his arm upon the said arms and keys, he spake to them in this manner, These things which I yet have by me, and still in my power, shall never( as long as the Almighty▪ spareth my health) be taken from me for I am ready for the defence thereof to fight till death, &c: The Soldiers being hereby encouraged, continue in their fidelity, so long till at last, the Count Seryn after several wounds by him received, died of three shot which he got in his head, by which means the fortress Sigeth was won by the Turkes. Anno 1570 a Peace was concluded, between the German Emperour and the Turkish Emperour: And the Turkish Emperour Sultan Selym, having reigned eight yeares deceased, almost about the same time, when Rudolphus was made King of Bohemia. Anno 1576 dyed the Emperour Maximilian, at the diet at Regensburgh, when as the truce with the Turkes was prolonged from eight to sixteen yeares: Anno 1586, was all along the River Donaw a great famine, and four year after happened eight or 9 Earthquakes. Then came Hasan Bashaw of Bosnia before Canisa, by Isdrin, dissembling at first not to take the place, but marched up against the cloister of Zagabria, which he battered with 24 pieces of Cannon, but because the said cloister was so well situated between the Rivers, the Saru and Culpa, he could not obtain it. The turk seeing of how much concernment this place might be to him, and not willing to let fall so dainty abit, sent many rich presents to the Commander thereof, and also informed him that the secrets of their cloister had been long since made known to him, the said Commander growing jealous of such boastings, examined every one in the cloister, to try if any of them kept any correspondence with the Turkes, and at last found out that the chief head of the cloister was the person who kept intelligence with the Turkes, who also five yeares before had taken money of the Turkes to betray the same; he was presently imprisoned, and was in presence of those who were sent from the Turkes thrown alive down out of a high Window of the said cloister, into the River the sand, and there drowned: There was no other answer given to the Turkes, but that they shewed them all their Cannon and arms: They returning brought back the news of all to the turk who seeing himself thus cheated and mocked, became much enraged, and endeavoured to win the place, both by subtility and under hand dealing, for he well knew how much the place concerned him. And wrote therefore to the Commander, that he should provide himself of some faithful persons, and appoint a day and time to treat with him in due form about the surrender of the cloister.  
And now the Turkish Emperour having overcome many Castles and Strengths, most by subtility: upon the 9 of July gave the Christian Army a great defeat, the sun having the day before appeared blood-red in the Firmament, from the morning to the Evening: hereupon the terror of the Turkes grew so exceeding great in Styremark and Croatia, that at this time it happened in the chief city Labbath, Metropolis of Croatia, that certain mad Companions came there and made the city believe, that the Turkes were come before the Gates: The Inhabitants being thereby much a frighted threw all their best goods into carts and wagons, and so fled out of the city, which they wholly forsook, those Mothers who had many Children and could not take them along with them, at their departure kissed them as if they should never again have seen them, many of them as well Women as Children, were by their hasty flight trodden under footeby Horses, But when they were come just out of the city, and assured that it was all false, they returned back again into their city and Houses. The German Emperour Rudolphus, finding himself too weak, to resist the Turkes, requested assistance of the German Princes, and obtains it, But his Army of 7000 men was upon the 17 of September totally routed, in somuch, that but 84 Men of them escaped, who for fear, of being cut in pieces like the rest, hide themselves in a certain chapel, amongst the dead Mens bones. Then won also the Turkes the fort St George: the 12 of June were the Turkes by the River Culpa shamefully beaten by the Christians, leaving behind them much Cannon, and great Booty; the provision Ships, many other shipping upon the Donaw, which lay below the Bridge, amongst which, the Ship wherein Hassan Bashaw and almost all the Turkish Grandees were got sunk in the Water,& were there all drowned together, with the son of the Turkish Emperours Daughter. The Emperour being hereupon enraged, swore he would revenge it, and caused the 24 of August, when he had won Sieseck, all the Men and Women which where therein to be cut in pieces, and thrown into the Water by Culpa, and dealt further most inhumanly, both with Women and Children, a certain monk who thought to hid himself, he caused to be flayed a live, cut in pieces, and so burnt: burning also all that was there, took likewise 500 Christians with him, to torture them in their captivity: he caused also the peace with the German Emperour to be broken, and desired no longer Tribute of him; but would destroy his country with fire and sword, he caused presently the ambassador of the Emperour Rudolphus to be bound with Iron chains, one of which was locked about his neck, and the other about his feet, and caused all the said ambassadors Servants in his presence to be murdered and cut in pieces; then he entred the field, and won the city Vespryn, after that the Christians had a long time defended the same, some escaping at a sally port, after they had set the city on fire, to a place called Papa: afterwards he won Palatta, but the Garrison( contrary to promise made) were all cut off: upon the 30 of September he cometh before Papa, out of which place two Hungarians run over to the Turkes and discovered unto them all the secrets of the city so that the governor yielded up the chief fortress to the Turkish Emperour upon parole, provided that they might have liberty to march out; But asoone as he with his people were without the gates both he and all his people were cut in pieces by the Turkes; But God raised again other enemies against the Turkes, for the Persians and Georgians stood up against the grand signior by which means the Christians took the occasion to besiege Stoel-Weissenburgh and the Turkes coming to the relief thereof, were courageously beaten, the Christians won Sabatga, which is a pass into Hungary, and leaving Stoel-Weissenburg besieged, won Filleck, and upon the 11 of November again, very stoutly beate the Turkes out of the field, and afterwards took in Dregel, Palanoka, Samosko, Aniacko, Smolkyskow, and Wetskee. Anno 1594 were more preparations made in Germany against the Turkes then ever before: the Duke Mathias was made general of the Leaguer; It happened that in the depth of Winter the Garrison of Comorra going out upon a party, did intercept a turkish Bride, sitting upon a neatly trimmed turkish wagon, with two turkish Boyes and an old Beldame, who had order to carry the Bride( who was the Bashaw of Papans Daughter) to her bridegroom; the Soldiers broke the wagon in pieces, let the Beldame escape, but brought the Bride( who was very beautiful and aimable) and the two Boyes into Comorra: The Christians won also Novograde and Petryna; the 11 of July the Turkes won Dotis, and besieged Raab, which they( after much blood  shed, and brave defence made) got by treachery from the Count van Hardeck, who for the same was beheaded( and his hand with which he had subscribed the agreement) chopped off; the Turkes having thus gotten the Key of the Romish Empire, besieged Comorra, in the mean time Amurath the Turkish Emperour upon the 8 of January dyed at Constantinople, Mahomet the 3d succeeded in his place, who being a subtle Prince( assoon as he was gotten upon the Throne, and knowing that the Prince of Transilvania( who was but newly married to the Lady Maria Christina of Austria the Daughter of the Arch-Duke Charles of Austria) had made a strong and near Alliance with the Roman Emperour against the Turkes, and that those of Transylvania could do him much harm, wrote to this new married Prince, in very friendly manner, and promised to set the crown of Hungary upon his head, telling him, that he could not believe that a Nation as his was, that had always received so many courtesies from the Turkes, could now so forsake their Benefactors; promised also to make him general over Wallachia and Moldavia; But all this was in vain, the Prince of Transylvania remained faithful to the house of Austria, and did afterwards beate the Turkes out of the field: Afterwards the Christians besieged grand, lying upon the Donaw( who in the month of July saw by night a burning Rod in the Firmament, which appeared most fearfully like a bundle of branches) and suffered much trouble and loss in the said Siege: At last the turk came with agreat force to relieve grand: whereas a Hungarian horseman came into the Christian Leaguer crying out aloude, Ho kill all Christians, kill all Christians: The general Mansfeld hearing this, caused the Hungarian to be apprehended, and presently in his Bootes and spurs to be hanged up: The Turkes indeed fell on very furiously, and to make themselves more outrageous in the attack, had swallowed very much of a herb they call Masla, which caused them to foam very much at the mouth: one of their Horsemen, who was behung round about with Gun powder( and thought to get into grand, to the assistance of the besieged) being shot, and the powder catching fire, the turk together with his Horse, in most fearful manner flew up into the air, and fell down again in many pieces; in this fight the Turkes were beaten, and forced to fly, in so much, that grand was upon the 25 of August forced to yield, and the 24 of September Petrina also. The Prince of Transylvania did at the same time march out against the Turkes, and when he was come into the first Village in Wallachia, and had there placed his princely pavilion, a very great Eagle came flying down from a very high rock, and set upon the Princes Tent, which the Princes Courtiers seeing, presently brought their Lord the message, who commanded that they should proffer the Eagle some meate, which the Eagle took, and did eat, and kept company with the Leaguer, and let herself be willingly taken, and was afterwards a long time fed and nourished in the Princes Court: upon the 15 of October the whole Leaguer beholded above the said rock in the East a most fearful Comet; soon after he puts the Turkes to flight, winneth St George, Tergovist, and Georea. Anno 1597 the Christians win Totis. Anno 1599 the Walloones and French sell the strong fortress Papa, and also Canisia to the Turkes. Anno 1600 they won Stoelweissenbourgh, and burnt the whole city, and with a Cannon shot beate in pieces the ston Monument, under which King Ladislaus, his Wife, and her Daughter Mary lay butted, and despoiled the Corps of all their jewels, none of which were ever recovered or restored. Anno 1604 death the Turkish Emperour, his Successor required, that the Roman Emperour should sand him the usual Tribute, and if he desired Peace, that he must then renounce and desert Wallachia and Transylvania, and that he in stead of them would give the Emperour Canisia and Erlan, the Emperour answered him, that Transylvania came to him by inheritance, but that he would treat with him about Wallachia; and that he would likewise anihilate the Tribute either by treaty or contract: Then got the Turkes Pest without blow or resistance, the Garrison through fear running away. At that time near Beckeres, in Transylvania, hard by the city Sackmar, many persons of credit and reputation did by clear daylight behold two Hussars( who seemed read as blood) riding on horseback, they had each of them a golden crown, with a little cross upon their heads, and held each of them a flag( whereon was a read Rosse,) in their hands, which they trayled along the ground; they afterwards road to the water Patrack, and over the same, as if it had been upon Ice, afterwards both together vanished away. Then the Turkes won Novigrade. The 9 of May the Tartars came before Newhausell( which is a City built by Mons Le Mot a Frenchman) and after they had suffered much misery and great famine they took the said city by agreement. Their Generals name was hang, and the Turkes would fain have bought Newhausel of him, but hang refused to do it, and dyed presently after. Anno 1606 was a Pea●● for twenty yeares concluded: between the Roman and Turkish Emperour, beginning the first of January 1607; th●n was the city of Newhausell upon the 11 of February again surrendered to the Emperour. Hereupon the Emperour Mathias was in the year 1607 and 1608 crwoned King of Bohemia, and most magnificently received in all his hereditary lands, and was married unto Anna Queen of Hungaria and Bohemia. And was Anno 1612 at frankford crwoned King of the Romans, in so much, that every where throughout the whole Empire, at that time nothing but Joy and rejoicing was seen or heard, for this Emperour being the son of Maximilian, was a courteous and wise Man, and when he was but 20 year old, was Elected Gouvernour of the Netherlands. Anno 1577 he came over to Brussel, and made William Prince of Orange to be his deputy Lieutenant: and thence forward the Emperour Mathias did reign very wisely. Then was Aken by malice of the Romans, and order of the Emperour taken in, and the Protestants were banished from thence. Mulheim which had been with so great charges built, was demolished. At that time the Roman and Turkish Emperours made a cessation for 20 yeares. The Protestants intending to celebrate the Jubily year, from Luthers time were in Bohemia, and other imperial countries hindered to do the same, by reason whereof, certain Lords were at Prague thrown out of the Windows. The Prince elector of Saxony takes arms against these proceedings: In the mean time the Emperour Mathias having banished Mansfeld, grew daily weaker, and being 62 yeares old,( having reigned 9 yeares) was encountered with a very violent sickness, whereof he dyed; Anno 1609 Ferdinandus Arch-Duke of Austria was Elected Emperour, and crwoned at frankford, he was the Son of the Arch-Duke Charles, and Mary the Daughter of Albrecht Duke of Bavaria. The Empire was in great discontent about this election, and those of Bohemia rebelling, driven the Iesuites out of the kingdom; and made Frederick Paltzgrave of the Rhine their King: The other Prince Electors being hereupon very discontented, held a diet or council at Regensburgh: But King Frederick writing to the other Prince Electors, caused himself to be crwoned King at Prague: And the Empire hereupon falling into variance and discord, Bethelem Gabor Prince of Transylvania cometh down,& took the great city of Presburgh from the Emperour, and corresponding with those of Bohemia, took in the mean time other places, and aspired to the Crown of Hungary, which he obtained, but never suffered the same to be put upon his head, and therefore never bore other title then Prince of Hungary. Anno 1620 the Germans, for the free exercise of either Religion, kept a Couneell or Synod at Norenbourgh, where Frederick King of Bohemia appeared, and also at Wurtsburgh: in the interim those of Austria, yea the Emperour himself grew weak, and the Count of Boucquoy becoming necessitous, and seeing great likelihood, that the Bohemians would get the mastery, retired into Moravia, in the mean time, the Emperour Ferdinand by public Heralds and Proclamations, maketh voided the Election of the King of Bohemia, showing his own lawful propriety and right to the crown, yet the Bohemians restend very well contented with their King Frederick; but many were discontented, because he too speedily caused the Altar, and other Romish Ornaments in the Emperours chapel, to be broken in pieces: while Moravia, Silesia and Lawfints in the mean time treat for their security: In the interim, Don balthasar Macadas, with an Army of Polanders and Cossacks, falleth into Bohemia, making miserable havoc there amongst the Protestants and Hussars. In a diet at Mulhuysen endeavour was used, to persuade King Fredrick to desist and renounce the Bohemian crown, but Frederick was of opinion, the election belonged neither to the Emperour, nor the Princes but onely to the Cities and Burgesses of Bohemia, who also declared his eldest Son Frederick to be his Successor in the kingdom: in the mean time the Emperour strengtheners himself with the Pope, spain, Inspruch, Poland and others; and the Duke Maximilian of Bavaria, entereth with an Army into field, and John George with an other, they both being jealous of the good success of the King of Bohemia, and Spinola cometh also out of the Netherlands thither, and upon the 8 of November 1620, they beate the King out of the field, nere Wittenbergh by Prague, where the crown of Bohemia fell to the Emperour: and King Frederick fled with his queen and Children to the Netherlands. In the like manner was Moravia by Bucquoy also made subject, but when he came before the fortress Newhausel, he was fallen upon by the Hungarians, and got 16 wounds. At which time Bethelem Gabor gave over by an agreement at N●clausburgh, the crown of Hungary to the Emperour Ferdinand, yet nevertheless preserving many rights for himself together with the Princepalaty's of Oppelan and Ratibor, and likewise the title of Prince of the Empire. Now the Emperour having his hands free, began to persecute the Protestant Ministers, and caused their books to be burnt: chasing many Teachers and Schoolmasters out of the hereditary imperial countries, whereupon the Hungarians, anno 1624 made an agreement with Bethelem Gabor. Anno 1625 the Emperour made a truce of 12 yeares with the Turkes. And 1627 travelling to Prague, caused the Empress to be crwoned queen of Bohemia, and his Son Ferdinand the 3d King of Bohemia. Anno 1631 the Swedes invaded Germany, destroying the whole Empire, and in several Battles, beate many thousands of the Imperialists, till the year 1634, the balance Battle between the Swedes and the Emperour was fought before Nordlingen: Prague being besieged and half won. Anno 1637 the Emperour Ferdinand the 2d dyed at Vienna, and his Son Ferdinand the 3d presently took the Government upon him: And anno 1638 Mariade Medicis the queen Mother came out of Braband to Amsterdam. Anno 1648 was the peace concluded at Munster, in the interim many small and almost inconsiderable things, like to that of Wallenstein, fell out in the Empire. Anno 1642 the Swedes took Olmits in Germany; but the Peace of Munster maketh every one glad, whole Germany hopeth for joy, and those who had fled away, returned again to their Vineyards, yet nevertheless the Saxon could not endure any Papists, nor the Emperour Protestants, but the Prince Palatin( now the eighth Elector) doth permit every one: In the mean time the Turkes waging war with the Venetians, take Canea in Candia, and would fain have taken all the Islands of the Archipelago; but finding themselves over matched at Sea, did in the year 1663 sand forth a great Army by land, against Austria, to take his revenge upon the Germans: the now present Emperour Leopold the 2d being delayed with hope, and now having sent his ambassadors, the Baron de Goes and Doctor pearl, to Constantinople, began to perceive, that all was but mere deceit, and that if he took not greater care, they would endeavour to wring the Keys of Austria out of his hands: the turk on the other side collogued with the said ambassadors in Turkey, as if they had been their best friends, sending out a report to France, and other Christian Courts, as if they were already newly agreed with the German Emperour: in the mean time they sent from all places under the Prime Visier to Belgrada, Canise, and often their Soldiers by 3, 4, and 500 together, and also much Cannon and Ammunition, to the general rendezvous, preparing mighty Magazines and stores of Provisions, to which end they before hand cruelly forced the Countrey-people, both in Transylvania and other places, that they neither might nor should bring their cattle to any other, then those places to market: The Count Seryn as a true friend to Germany, forewarned the Emperour most of all, and required assistance, for the defence of his Fortress, which lieth upon the borders of Austria, as a Wall to christendom, in which country his predecessors and family hath for several hundred yeares been known, and acknowledged for faithful Champions to Europe: He having been informed, that the Turkes were in April 1663 already assembled at Canise, with 1500 wagons( each wagon with 3 Horses) which were onely the train of the janissaries. And Transylvania was now taxed and racked by the Turkes, although their Prince Abafti had promised the Inhabitants better dealings, yet were forced thereunto by ally Bashaw, who governed severely. The Emperour being yet but young, and perceiving himself thus sore menaced with great calamities, knew not from which side the great storm was to be expected. The Turkes( as they said) had seen this following prodigy in the Firmament, above their frontiers against christendom, and did prognosticate the same, as a forerunner of good fortune.  
 
But they mocked so long therewith in Austria till God did also about Mairen and Silesia, but especially about Austria, show a Comet, or strange star in the Firmament, which spread its self over Moravia, a certain Messenger of Gods most dreadful wrath, for the sins of mankind: The jesuits in Olmitz, the chief city of Moravia, did thus decipher this Comet, as they saw the same, upon the 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, dayes of February 1662, being a great Comet of a fiery colour, but short in its appearance, standing upon the neck of the Eagle, and upon one of his wings.  
 
Whereupon many have made very probable prognostications. This unusual star ●as also seen in the Netherlands, by the King of Spaines Astronomers, but the nearer the same came to Holland, the more it lost its Station, and at length came to nothing. On the other side the Protestants States in Hungary, rose against the Romanists in Austria, asking again the Churches, which had been taken from them, restablishment of their privileges, and freedom of Religion, to which the Imperial Court would not listen, in so much, that there was a suspicion, that the Hungarians( as here tofore) would submit and receive the Turkes, and on the other side the Emperour was jealous, that( because of certain discontents happened between the French King, and the Duke of lorraine, probably the King might have a design against Strasburgh, and consequently upon Germany, and the rather, because he seemed to have made a League with several Princes upon the Rhine; moreover there was a diet or assembly convened at Regensburgh, to put a stop to the Turkes; But there were more expenses thereby charged upon Europe, then profit redounded to christendom, but no body would aclowledge the Emperour, until all privileges and pretences were satisfied, and then they would talk of giving of money. The Turkes on the other side perceiving the difference between the German Princes: the war menaced between the French and the Pope: the jealosie of the northern Kings of each other; And Poland but now hardly freed from the slavery of the war, and threatened with a new Sedem Bell● by the Muscovites: That the Cossackes were inclined to the Turkish Court: did also induce or persuade all the Tartars, and other his wild Tributaires, who dwell on the Euxine Seas northwards, and toward Japan, as Slaves to stand up for him, and to help to subdue the Germans( whom the Mahometan Monarch called a wicked people) to establish his Throne, and accordingly he said in this following manner( in his most unfashionable heathenish speech) That he according to the old prophesy, to that effect foretold many yeares since, would make the Cathedrall Church, or doom of the City of Colen upon the Rhine, to be a Stable for his Horses: And thus heat last in the year 1663, caused his Bashaw to march from often by Sakata with 140000▪ Turkes, and all sorts of other Nations over the Donaw, where at first his Ship-Bridge broken; but the same being again repaired, being also assisted by the country people, they with 120 pieces of ordinance, and all things else got over, and immediately sent before them a body of 40000 the best armed Soldiers, and for a terror to all the Inhabitants of Austria, sent to the Emperour of Germany this arrogant and blasphemous Letter.  
By the great commanding God in Heaven, how much more a God upon Earth, the greatest and allmightiest Emperour, an invincible& ruling King on earth, from the rising of the Sun to the setting thereof; Emperour and Sultan of Babylon; Duke of the noble family in Media and armoniac, a born Prince and Lord of the dry sourness till beyond the Hills: A great helper of both Gods, Mahomet and Luna, Victor and Triumpher at Jerusalem, a Lord preserver and Protector of the sepulchre of the crucified God; A destroyer, and for ever a sworn Enemy to christendom, and of all those who call themselves Christians. we signify to you Emperour, a petty King in Hungary and Bohemia, to you and all your Princes and Lords, and also to all and every your Subjects, to the Pope, and cardinal Bishops and Natives; And wee swear unto you that wee by election of our Throne, denounce and will execute upon you all mischiefs and destructions in your whole Land; and let you assuredly know, that wee will come and visit you with thirteen Kingly Nations, consisting of more then 100000, both Horse and foot, Turkes with Turkish arms, and with the utmost forces as good and able as you ever heard or saw, and wee intend, by our force of arms, your cities, and all those who are therein, and especially▪ your palace and Court, with all your helpers and assistors, to burn, plunder, murder and destroy, and put you to the most shamefullest death, which wee can think or imagine, and cause your Christians our prisoners to be strangled, and as Doggs to be kept in miserable and everlasting captivity, and set up your Children as a prey of carcases in the open fields; wee will cause the Women with child, with the Infants in their Mothers wombs as Doggs to be killed and put to death, and the Christians to be a shane and mocking stock, wee do also intend by force to depose thee Emperour, with those few Countreyes thou hast from thy Empire by Sword and force of war, and also to oppress and destroy the keys and seat of Rome, and also the Golden sceptre, and wee will try if your Crucified Jesus( whom you and yours say lives) can help you as he hath holpen your Legates: which wee will not take into our belief; neither can or may wee believe or hear such incomprehensible things, as that he hath power to help, because he is long time since dead; and could not help himself, because wee for several hundred yeares have had the Dominion of his country and his Doctrine in our Empire; This wee would let you know to the intent, thou poor little King with all thy assistants may daily and every minute take notice thereof, even as thou also verily in a short time shall find and feel.  
Given in our mighty fortress, and chief city Constantinople,( which our Predecessors have by force of liquor taken from you, and miserable chased away both Women and Children, and will keep the same according to our will to the last, to the shane of the Christians) in the 23 year of our nativity, and in the ● year of our now mighty Empire.  
This bitter and Antichristian Letter was presently put into execution, by the destruction of many towns& Villages in Hungary, after that they in August last, had first of all besieged the Fortress called Vesprin, where they missed their aim, by reason that the great Cannon and vigillancy of the Count Seryn roused them away; by which means the Bashaw and the rest of the Turks council of war resolved to besiege some considerable place over the Donaw; upon the 11 of August 1663 they fall upon the famous Fortress of Newhausell, which lieth in a Morasse, in which Count Forgats an Hungarian had the Command, who but lately before was unfortunately beaten by the Turkes, in their passage over the Donaw; they first stormed the city near the Vienna tower, and made their quarters round about the same, namely on the Austrian side on the right hand, lay with his quarter Becho Bashaw Grand Visier of often, having nine Batteries, of three demi Cannon, and five whole Cannon, on the left side of Newhausell, had ally Bashaw his quarter, with two fashions, and two demi Cannons, and several small pieces: at the Tower of grand the Bashaw Captain had his quarter with 3 fashions: The fourth quarter lay on the left hand of the above mentioned, under the Command of the janissaries, Agasay, with one Falcon and two demi Cannons, having round about the fortress Batteries, at the end of every fifty paces. Now at that time those of Moravia began first to see the wrath of God, and the certainty of his messenger the Comet here before mentioned, which appeared in the heavens: And it was also well known to those in the country, in the Village Dillein, lying a quarter of a mile from Schomnits, one of the mountain cities, upon the fourteeneth of april 1663, a sow brought forth a Monster, the upper part thereof had wholly the resemblance of a Woman, with faire and long curled hair, which hung over the eyes, and had a great bunch like a plume of Feathers upon the head; altogether of the same fashion as the proud ladies in Moravia and Hungary used to wear the same year; on the feet of this young Swine were seen the new fashioned horn shoes, and other figures of pride. And in the imperial city Vienna, by a small Rocket of wild fire, which fell down upon a Stable wherein was much Haye, many Houses were turned into ashes; which was a warning piece: the Turkes( who all knew to make use of occasions) had in their coming the Hungarians to be their friends; which people consisting of many Protestants, both Calvinists, Lutherans, and others, were by the rage of the jesuits deprived both of the freedom of their Conscience and use of their Churches; these Hungarians, seeing that that the Romish Clergy were so much regarded in the imperial Court, and that they( as Beggars) were always put off with a slight answer, did afterwards more and more turn themselves to the Turkes who having now mastered Waradin and Transilvania let the People remain in the country, taking a civil Tribute, and suffered each to enjoy his Conscience and Religion without any encumbrances; they did therefore think by reason that the Emperour could not defend Transylvania against the Turkes,( and that the storm would fall upon Hungary) that it was better to receive a Prince who could defend them, and give them liberty of Conscience, then one who wanted power, and seemed to force them in their Conscience. The Emperour well perceiving which way the tide would turn, appeared presently in a diet or council at Presbourgh; where the councel-chamber oftentimes shooke with many high words and protestations, yet in vain, without pacifying any discontents, for the Hungarians  told him plainly, that they could not assist, unless their privileges and Churches were restored as in former time; whereunto the Romish ecclesiastics were not inclined: And by this means the Turkes invaded Moravia, to the great astonishment and destruction of many thousand souls, who were thereby slain, and carried into captivity. The Tartars had one body of 15000 Horsemen, and the Turkes two bodies of 40000 men, and 36000 which they kept on the other side of the Donaw, and whilst they were busy in bringing the Cannon before Newhausell; these bodies came into several places, burning Shaumey and grand, and the faire and pleasant Beckenso: The Tartars in the mean while get over the Water called the Waag, where one Elias Thasie an Hungarian with some troops lay, for defence, but he seeing them come, did not expect nor stay for the Enemy, but deserted the same, and most shamefully ran away. The Tartars coming into the Mountainous places, got great booty by their plundering St George, Tesing and Derduke, and from thence they come into Moravia, in somuch, that the Jesuits at Olmits could see by day and by night many fires of those Villages, which they every night turned into ashes; the Tartars burned also the faire Cities of Passing, Thouron, Moron, and Urystalein, and in Moravia more then 60 towns and Villages, cutting in pieces many old People and young Children, and carrying away many thousands of young men and Women into captivity to be sold, whom they sent into chains to Tartary and Turkey: These miserable Captives they carry to both their Marketts, and look both Man and Woman in the mouth and in the teeth,( as they do the Horses in the Netherlands) how old they are, which accordingly are bought at high or low prices: now was every one afraid( as they had cause,) of this barbarous invasion; The city Presburgh was overfilled with people, who fled away, in somuch, that from thence were presently sent away into Austria and Bavaria, all the Women and Children; for this city which was but provided only for an encounter,( yet fortified with a Castle) saw no possibility of keeping out the Turkes by main force; yea at Vienna itself, people without number, which were fled, lay before the Gates and Bridge, which could not be let in, because the said Bridges by so much thronging of flying wagons, carts, Houses, and people, was broken down: The misery of these people was very great, one telling that as he fled, he saw by the way such and such noble Mans Houses, Castles, pleasure Houses and Villages on fire, further that he had seen by the way, old Men, Women, Lords and others cut in pieces and stripped, the one whole and the other half plundered, some fallen upon and murdered, lying under wheels of Carts and wagons, some as they were setting at table, others in their Beds, and as they were asleep, were fallen upon and murdered: They were the happiest, who flying day and night could in time escape with their lives, leaving behind them the rich Copper mines, which are by Newhausell, and the green Water which falls there( which is well kowne to painters) also the rare baths of Missia and Crauschin, and the healthful warm spring lying on the water Waag, together with the delicious Carpes and other well tasted Fish in the River Tibisen, and forgetting the trade of the towns and Hills, the bleatings of the multitudes of sheep, the gathering of wool, and making of the most renowned Hungarian clothes, neither could now the searchers of Nature have time to trouble themselves to inquire, what sort of poison lies hide in a place of the earth, by the Hills of Newhausell, that whatsoever bide flieth over the same dieth, or else wherefore the water of the fountain near Leewa, assoon as it springeth out turneth into ston, or why the water of the fountain Smolints consumeth Iron, and caused a horseshooe which had been therein 24 houres to be as soft as mud. That the inhabitants make Copper of cypress, And why Vitriol of the flower of Copper, and salt Fountains grow. There were now other things to think of, and great fear. And yet could not the German deputies at Regensburgh in the Diet, or council agree to assist the Emperour: some Princes sent many small troops but these came so slowly on, as the Donaw floweth in the heat of Summer hardly knowing whether to run backward or forward: on the other side all sorts of Antichristian Enemys flowed abundantly in the Emperours hereditary countries, beholding now before them a Treasure of rich Prey left open to them. The Son of the Great Cham of Tartary came himself, with 163 Standards into Debres( being as was believed) thereunto induced by the approaching Booty. The Weywooda of Wallachia, with a Company of 600 tall fellows with read coats about him for his Guard, armed only with bows and Arrows, otherwise so slightly and pitifully mounted like unto unarmed Grasshoppers, lame horses, and halting Soldiers: These and the Bashaw of Erlan, came also together, and went to Pest over the Donaw towards Lewents, and the Mountain cities: where these poor people having no Mills to grind, were forced to eat their corn green, but many by weariness and famine fell down, by the high way, which by reason of the great rain were become very wet: they had in their Leaguer the greatest Turkish Cannon drawn by 70 Buffels or Oxen, which shot a 96 pound Bullet; this piece broken, and killed many janissaries with the blow, yet nevertheless the cruel Barbarians, when they came into Moravia, beate and destroyed four Regiments of Croatian Dragoons, of which not ten Men escaped, and also the Regiment of Scharles, and he himself mortally wounded; The Holsteiners beate themselves through them, those of Brym and Moravia saw these Heathens demand the surrender of a principal pass: and in the mean time almost all living thereabouts sought protection within their strong Walls and Gates. They also in the same time saw Mapagelo Brokowits and Ostrowa stand all of a flamme, the passage to Bewits, Zaromits and Paskowits, would hardly be secured by the felling of the Trees: The Prince of ●uthen, and Count Copperdofestein forsook their Castles and country, and broken off the Bridges behind them, and came with their ladies into Brin: Hallits, Gubsan, Strafius, weasel, Green and Staints were also seen all on fire, Another part of the Tartars, who broken into Bohemia, fell upon Kottenburgh, lying a League from Prague, into the Cloister of the Nunnes, which they thoroughly plundered, and took most of the Nunnes with them, and cut of the breasts off some of them; an earl sitting at the Table, leaped out at the Window and fled; but the Nunnes were all of them carried captives out of the cloister; by reason hereof, the old Empress fled from Vienna to Lints. Every fifth man in Austria was enrolled, the imperial Treasure was huddled up together, Brestaw in Silesia musters Soldiers: the peasants are sent into the Hills and Mountaines to destroy and spoil the Trees and highways, the dear corn harvest, yarn, trade and commerce were all neglected, all people were in confusion. In the mean time, the Turkes before Newhausell use their utmost force( and being taught by those, that had seen the same done in Europe) drained the Water of the Nap in the Moras out, though their great shot did little harm to those within, who took an oath to defend the same place to the utmost: in the interim the imperial general, Count Montecuculli lay sick of a fevor at Presburgh: and the Hungarian Crown was for security carried out of that city; Neither did the Turks escape free, one of their viziers was before Newhausell shot through his side, many of the beleaguerers were killed, and the Grand Visier of often grew extreme sick; who till now had detained with him, the Emperours ambassador, the Baron de Goes, to the end he might take notice, what power and forces the Turkish Emperour had there: the same de Goes had a father Confessor, who was a great chemist and Philosopher, who applied himself to cure the Visier, which took so good effect, that the Visier esteemed him as a Prophet or Saint, and would not therefore suffer this father Confessor to go from him. On the other side there came news to Prague that about the same time, the Turkish Emperour understanding that the Count Seryn, in Vespryn had beaten off the Turkish Leaguer, and would apparently by his great courage perform some notable Exploit, by invading of Turkey, caused a Cabinet to be presented to him, full( as the bearer hereof, who was a turk said) of precious Stones; the Count Seryin well knowing the Turkish deceits and faire words, was suspicious thereof; and that there was some treachery therein, yet he nevertheless resolved as a gratuity for this present, to release a turk, who was a person of great quality, and his Prisoner; desiring that the said released turk before his departure should open the said Cabinet, which he doing, there came five shot or Bullets out of it, with which he being wounded fell down dead upon the ground, whereupon the Count Seryn perceiving the said treachery, fell with a considerable force into Turkey, and having killed many Turkes, returned with great Booty into his Fortress, hereupon it was reported that the Hungarians were agreed with this Count, and that they with thirty thousand Men were ready to advance, for his assistance against the Turkes, but the same not yet Succeeding, those of Newhausell having been wearied and spent almost sixs week space, and seeing also that there was such negligence to assist them, began to grow faint, the Hungarians who were there within, hating the Austrians, opposed themselves against their Commander Forgats, it was said by many that he and the Germans were willing to fight; But his enemies say he having correspondence with the Turks, did upon the 27 of September( when there was an intention to relieve the place) sell the same for 60000 ducats; for certain it is that it was to the great grief of the Emperour and shane of the Hungarians, the self same day delivered by agreement over to the Turkes, notwithstanding there was no want within the place, but well provided for a long time, and also with 130 piece of Cannon; there marched out 3500 Men to Comorra; The Turks were glad of this Victory, and gave every Hungarian who would stay within a ducat, the same they also promised to the country people in the Mountains, which well pleased those people, in somuch that in a short time a further invasion of the Turkes is to be expected: for the Austrians did much suspect strange Nations, who proffered their assistance against the Turks; There is a report that France proffered 12000, and the mutinous Polander would advance with 7000 Men, if there were money to pay them; also Swethland and denmark did offer to do their endeavours: But were not accepted of, not withstanding, Austria, Bohemia, Sylesia, and Moravia lay now quiter open to the Turkes, and that the kingdom of Hungaria, might be in a manner said to be totally▪ lost: God preserve the neighbouring places, and divert the haughtiness and self ends of the German Princes, the differences, discontents, and superfluous charges, in their pompous diets and councils, The persecutions and divisions of the Christians( who being in Turkey, are all of one Religion) and the miseries of the German Empire, and that for Christ Jesus sake, who( for a time but not always) in former times by the Jews and Infidels, and also now at present suffered, and suffereth himself to be martred and mocked: But like as the Jews since the suffering of our Jesus, have missed their King, the same God will also in his due time find out the Mahometans as well as the Jews, and these worldly powers who threaten the God of heaven, whose judgement must be left alone, to that great God, whom the Hebrews call Jehova, the Greeks Theos, the Latins Deus, and the common people the Almighty God. Now this persecuted Jesus our Saviour( to whom the judgement at the last day is given over) who can thus suffer these saracens, who( as the Giants in Ovid,) like Children threatened to wage war against Heaven, with the Mountains of their own inventions, with their own strength, notwithstanding that their life is short here, their power so small as their pride, whom Heaven cannot endure, is great shall sufficiently be manifested at last.   

A SUPPLEMENT To the Description of the wars in Hungary.  
TO yield some speculation to the considerate Reader, wee will give some demonstractions or animadversions, upon the map or carded of Land, hereunto annexed; beginning on the right hand with the princedom Transylvania, near the water Se●eskeres, where is to be seen the chief city Waradyn, populous, lying in the Valley, but fortified after the old fashion, with some new fortifications, yet did nevertheless fall in part to the Turks share, because they by treachery made the Emperour of Germany believe, that their forces tended no further then to the establishing of a good Policy or government in Transylvania, in the mean time Ragotski( the deceased Protestant) his widow( who was ● Romanist) with a Son endeavoured to preserve themselves in safety by flying, from one place to another: next you may see Tockay● which is a well built Castle, situated between the Bedroch, and the Rivoulus,( like Schenkenschans in the Netherlands) with convenient Bulwarks and Walls, which by the passage of the Joe have oftentimes suffered great damage: between Wassen and Satwan flow two Rivers or Torrents, called Genges and Salwitza, these at length fall into these near the city and Fortress called Solnock▪ which is defended,( though not with large) yet with strong Walls, guarded at the points with a strong and well built Castle, separated in two parts( as Mastricht from Waert) by a moat-bridge, environed with low Lands: you may also see springing out of the foremost Carpatish Mountaines the Water or River called the Tarsa, running over before the Eycrias, where it dischargeth itself into the water called the Hawat, where not far from the foremost Mountaines Cresmakuta the city Cassovia is situated, which is well built full of Inhabitants, and fortified with Walls and bulwarks, on the other side of the Theys toward the frontiers of Transylvania, may you behold the faire Castles and Fortresses, called the Nagkalo, Kisko, and others there being; from thence to the Donaw almost no considerable place of strength, save onely St Nicholas and Buerten, upon an arm of the Donaw; you may see the Fortress Comorra, being a brave strength or defence to christendom, lying upon the stream like an iceland for several Leagues in length and breath, the Inhabitants thereabouts call this strength or Fortress( as an accustomend name) their Defender, as concerning the Fortress itself, those who have taken a serious view say that it lieth upon the lowermost part of this said iceland, the city which lieth near thereunto is not of much concernment, they have a brave Castle, Tower and a Bridge over the Donaw, a German Preaching-house, Hungarian Churches, Block-houses and Limekills: The Fortress Raab which lieth next thereunto, taketh its name more from the water Raab, which runneth along there, then from the Donaw which also runneth there along: This place separateth Austria from Hungary, here are also German and Hungarian Churches, Castles, towns, Suburbs, and other places, which are most of them ruined, and do lye wast Comorra in the middle near the Donaw: three leagues from thence, lieth upon the Martins Hills, which reatcheth to the clouds) the cloister which yet is preserved onely with a fence of wood or garden pales: but southwards you may see in the map Papa, situated by a great Dike, having only Turnepikes and a Wall to free them from any enterprise, with which the Castle also is defended: To the Eastward you may see Dotis which like to the above mentioned situated upon very high Hills, but a League from the Donaw, there is now nothing but a Castle, the city being long since ruined, not far from the city moats are seen certain very high Hills, out of which they hue white Marble, the which Hills by their hight have always been hurtful to the said Castle, above upon the same do still stand an ancient cloister. The Turkes and Christians have there their warm baths, and especially burying places: Not far from thence, upon the Donaw you may see Strigonium or grand, which are four Cities, one upon the Hill; and two on the other side in the champain country which are won and miserable ruined by the Turkes: near thereunto you may see Vizegrades, a Castle and a little City, which was heretofore a place of pleasure of the Kings of Hungary; King Mathias did cause to be here built, many pleasure Gardens, Houses, walks, and Halls, of Marblestone and rich Wood. Then you run along the Donaw to often, Buda or Pest, which the Turkes anno 1519 won from the Christians, and do ever since keep in their possession, by which wee see that the Turkes by their unity, to the ignominy of the Romanist do more, and more establish themselves against the Christians, this city lieth very pleasantly on both sides of the Donaw, and is well fortified, and hath also a Block-house upon the hill, a little without the great old city: from thence you may come over that country to Vesprin, which is an ancient episcopal city situated upon the River called the Sarwu, it lieth upon a high hill, and hath its name from the white springing fountains: The lower city at present is of little consideration, but whatsoever is above upon the Hill, which goeth finely up, and on all sides sheweth its self very completely, comprehending with the Castle, the one within the other, are of strong defence, from thence you come to Pallota, being a Castle with double moats, walled and four Schonses, defended with Turne-pikes against any assault: Then if you turn yourself to lower Hungary, you may find the Metropolis or chief city Stoel-Weissenbourgh, Alba Regalis, where in ancient times the Kings of Hungary were usually crwoned and butted; it hath three Suburbs, and is well fortified, insomuch, that you can neither enter in, nor come out, save onely over wooden Bridges, lieth in a Valley, and not able to be approached unto, yea the very Suburbs are walled about to defend against an enterprise: but yet the heat of Summer cannot defend them from many reigning country sicknesses, so that it is very unwholesome to dwell there, hardly a League from thence, by the water Ballatonlake, you have the Fortress Siget, fenced round about with Morasses and Quagmires, divided into three partes, into which you must go over two Bridges: this Fortress was besieged by soliman, and the moats filled up with gabs of Wool, but was so courageously defended by the Count Seryn, that soliman was forced to leave the Siege, with the loss of 26000 Turkes: you may also see in our map Serynswar, situated near the River Dravus, Count Nicholas Seryn began to build this his fortress in june 1661 when as the Turkes had overmastered the Fortress Canisia in Styermarke; he made choice of a place not far from a Moras or Quagmir lying near a Water called the Michic, and did with assistance of many people,( which were well affencted to him, who brought Carts and materials thither) build the same, insomuch that the Mill and Fortye-houses were built, and stood defended, calling this place according to his name, that it belonged to the Seryns: and assoon as he from elsewhere had gotten therein six brave pieces of Cannon, The Turks were incensed, and threatened him, that if he did not demolish the same they would come and visit him: this Order came not alone from the Grand signor out of Constantinople, but there was also an ambassador sent to the German Emperour, who most earnestly desired the demolishing of the said place Serynswar; in the mean time the said Count proceeded with his fortification, and brought his Lady also therein: The Bashaw of Canisia perceiving that there was little to be done with him by force, put on the Foxes skin, and sent to the Count, and asked if this was don by order of the German Emperour, Seryn bad him to tell the Bashaw, that he was not obliged to give him an account thereof( although it was the Emperours pleasure) for it was upon his Ground and Territory that this Fortress was built for defence of his kingdom, the Bashaw proceeded further hereupon( because that he understood that every day more and more Ordinance and Ammunition came therein) and demanded, that seeing there was peace between the Turkish and German Emperour, why he brought so much Cannon upon the Walls of his Fortress; the Count well knowing that he had to deal with a fox, gave this answer, because he but lately before had caused a great, Wood which lay very near to his Fortress, to be cut down, that this was done to keep of the Wolves, Bears, and other wild beasts from his Walls; The Bashaw well understanding his double meaning answer, sent no more Messengers after that time to the Count, but to the Turkish Court, where he propounded, that such a Fortress ought not to be tolerated in the face of Turkey, being a great disadvantage to the Turkes, being situated between a Morass and two Rivers, where ends the one and other iceland, and the land was encompassed with little waters or Moores, having no Hills thereabout near to hurt it, that the same was environed about with strong high Walls, and deep Ditches or moats: a shelter or defence to the lands on the other side the Donaw, and a protection to Comorra and Raab: you may there also see above the chief city Vienna, the Hungarian Metropolis Presburgh situated on the Donaw ten Leagues from Vienna, in a very faire convenient and healthful pleasant place: the Hills lying thereabouts towards the Sun rising, are all planted with Vines and Trees, on the side of the River Donaw, it is full of Gardens, pleasure places, Meadows; and Corne-grounds, it hath also a Castle upon a Hill which is likewise called Presburgh: but whereas the Turkes by treachery( as is believed) upon the 27 of September 1663 got Newhausell, and that they came from thence before Presburgh( in which place the Count Montecuculli the Imperial general lay sick) it was thought good to fortify the same, which was before onely defended as against an enterprise with Turne-pikes, and encompassed with a strong Wall) which they as one man began in October following, making one whole and vast work to defend all even to the Donaw: The Bashaw of often hearing this news, required their allegiance, and promised the Inhabitants, that they for three yeares space should be free from all burdens and Taxes; but they within refused the proffer and fortified both day and night the said city; for otherwise if this city had been lost, all the lands over the Donaw, also Raab, Comorra and Serynswar, would have been as cut of from Germany: but Serynswar may be attacked on the side of Italy. The Count Seryn having taken council with the imperial Officers; he suddenly went over the Donaw to Comorra, to join himself to certain thousands of Hungarians, Polanders and others; whereupon the Turks refortifying Newhausell, with their greatest Forces followed the Count; the effects whereof and what this Winter will produce about Vicegrad, or elsewhere be pleased to expect in a second part together with the description of Serynswar, with its fortifications; and likewise of Presburgh, the Fortresses Comorra, Raab, and other places yet belonging to the Christians, which are at present in agitation.  
FINIS.