b'\nClass F\\lS. \n\nBook -G:>79 \n\nGoKiighl N" \n\ncoRfRiGirr DEPOsrr. \n\n\n\nTHE \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nDream- OF "Ellen N" \n\n\n\nr^/ 7 \n\n\n\nAN ILLUSTRATED \n\n\n\nDKSCRIPTIVE AND HISTORIC NARRATIVE \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 OF \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nSouthern Travels. \n\n\n\nISSUED fXDER THE AISPICF.S OF THE \n\n\n\nLOUISVILLE \xe2\x96\xa0 AND \xe2\x80\xa2 NASII\\ILLE \xe2\x80\xa2 RAILROAD PASSEXC.ER \xe2\x96\xa0 DEPARTMEXT, \n\nLOUISVILLE, KY. \n\n\n\nPUBLISHED 1!V \n\nJOHN F. C. MLl LLEN, \n\nCINCINNATI, U. 3 A. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0l6 15 18&6 I\', \n\n\n\n\n\n\nEntered according to Act of Congrkss, in the Vkar 1SS6, 1 \n\nJOHN F. C. MULLEN, \nIn the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washingtc \n\nAll Ri gills Reserved. \n\n\n\nrUHI.lSIIHR\'S NOTICE. \n\n\n\nJN\' presenting this book to the public the publisher desires to sax- a few words He \nwishes to call attention to its many excellencies, and the original ideas ,n its\'stvle \n"get-up" and contents. As can be seen, the publication of a volume as complete \nas " The Dream of Ellen N." involves an immense amount of labor. Yet labor pains \nor expense have not been spared to make it a success, and the publisher believes that \nIt wll be accorded without question the first place among railroad books of its kind \nWell-known a.ui skillful artists have been employed to make the illustrations, and the \nwork m this respect is as fine as anything that has ever been .seen in the countrx- No \nfiner or more artistic engravings will be found in the "Centurv" or the " Haqjer\'s " \nM are famous the world over for the beauty and truthfulness of their illustrations \nThe names of the artists, which are given elsewhere, will be recognized at once while \nof course their pidlures .speak for them. And not only have the arti.sts been men of rare \nabdity, but the>- have been seconded in their work b>- the engravers, better than whom \nthere are none in America. \n\nThe literary features of the volume are not to be forgotten. It is no n,ere guide- \nbook, but a most readable history of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad and its m-,\xe2\x80\x9ey \nbranches. The travels, who reads it has presented to him a truthful picflure of the \nground he :s passing over, of the cities he vis.ts, and of the people and their various \npursuits. And on the line of the L. & X. are many fan.ous and historic places which \nare fully described, and the tourist is told in an interesting wav of what is to be seen \nnnd the way to see it. Special attention has been paid to .schools, colleges and educa- \ntional \xe2\x80\x9ei.stitutions, which are situated in great numbers along the line of the road, and \nthe many watering places and "resorts" are mentioned at length. \n\nlint -The Dream of Ellex N." speaks for itself It h like good wine in that \nIt needs no bush, and words of introduction are unnecessarv. In conclusion however \nthe publisher would like to call the attention of railroad corporations to the benefits \nresulting to themselves from such publications, and to state that he has special facilities \nfor publishing books of this kind. He is ready to do the work on short notice and \nIS at all times prepared to furnish estimates and designs. He has an organized corps \nof artists and engravers, whose experience in this particular line is most valuable. \nbrexcelTed" "\' \'"\'"\'\'\'\'" \'" \'""\'\'\'"\xe2\x80\xa2^ \' \'-"d.some volume typographically can not \n\nRailroads thinking of issuing such a publication are respectfulK- asked to con. \nmnuicate with \n\nJOHN- F. C. MULLEX, P.bllsher. \n\n\n\nJOH.N F. C. MCLLEN, \nsviUe & Naslivine Ticket Offic \n\nCl>)ClN.N*Ti,OHIO. \n\n\n\ni.isr ()i- iLi.rsiKArioxs. \n\nSUBJECT. AKTISTS. ENGRAVERS. \n\nLouisville & Nashville Passenger Station Robert McFee Mi l\\e & Co. \n\nAlong the Short Line T. C. Lindsay Mclue & Co. \n\nBellewooil Seminary. Paii. joNFs . . Mi I\'ec & Co. \n\nCrab Orchard Pali. Jonks M Fee & Co. \n\nHamilton Female College Albert E. Evans Vi Fee & Co. \n\n.Agricultural and Mechanical College Albert E. Evans MiFee & Co. \n\nHome School for Young Ladies \\\'. Xowotnv ViFee i^ Co. \n\nIk-thel College .Albert E. Evans 1/ I!. Hall. \n\nDunbar Cave Pali. Jones UcFci- iSf Co. \n\nEvergreen Lodge Pal\'l Jones Mc Fee & Co. \n\nClarksville Tobacco E.xchange M. IS. Hali V. li. Hall \n\nLouisville Hotel \\lhkrt E. Evans McFie & Co. \n\nThe Home of " Ellen N." Pail Jones Mi- Fee & Co. \n\n.Mammoth Cave Paul Jones VrFee & Co. \n\nMellbrough\'s Hill T. C. Lindsay MiFee & Co. \n\n(Igden College. . Albert E. Evans Mi Fee d-\' Co. \n\n.Southern Normal School and Business College. . . .\\lbert E. Evans McFee i2f Co. \n\nHenderson Bridge V. Novvotnv McFee <2f Co. \n\n\\V. F.. Ward\'s Seminary for Young Ladies \\\'. Nowotnv McFee i!f Co. \n\nNashville .\\liikk r E. Evans. .McFee & Co. \n\nNashville by Moonlight Vlbert E. Evans McFee <2f Co. \n\nVanderbilt University Robert McFee McFcc <!r Co. \n\nSand Mountain. T. C. Lindsay. McFce i^ Co. \n\nFirst National Bank of Hirniingliam Robekt McFek McFee & Co. \n\nThe Sunny .South T. C. Lindsay McFee & Co. \n\nPensacola B.iy T. C Lindsay L. n. Folger. \n\nThe Homeof Jefterson Davis (.\'.A. Ikies . McFee & Co. \n\nLagoons by Moonlight T, C. Lindsay McFee & Co. \n\nNew Orleans C- A. Fries McFee & Co. \n\nCover. . H, L. Bridwell M li Hall \n\nCover. Pail Jones V. /.\'. Hall. \n\n\n\n\nthey \nI)ii.-n \n\n\n\n"Well, Bea." \n\n"Well, brother mine." \n\n"We\'ve started." \n\n/^*^Mi IS I spoke the Pullman genth- glided forward and -we had \n^-J st irted on our trip to the "sunnj- southland." I am one \n^^ \\ ^ of those Americans who believe that this country- is the \ngreatest and grandest that the sun shines upon, and it is \nI p irt of m\\- religion to see it and know it before going abroad. I \nbelieM tint there are just as many tours, as they call them, in America \nas there arc m Europe, and that thej\' are vastly more profitable to the \ntouiist for here he is in the land of the living and not wandering among \nthe dust\\ relics of departed greatness and the mummies of long dead and \nburied enterprise as on the other side of the water. And so when the \nopportunity came during the Christmas holidays to take a trip, ni\\- sister \nand myself packed up our traps and started for a ramble over the South \non the L. & N., or "Ellen N," as we affectionately called the road from the \nver}- beginning of our travels. Of course there was a great deal of prelim- \ninary planning and much studying of maps before our arrangements were \ncomplete. In order to make the way easier for other travelers I have jotted \ndown our experiences in this book. Cincinnati was our starting point, and \nill a moment or two we were rumbling over the massive iron bridge that spans \nthe Ohio, and the city, with its teeming thousands, ,ind miles and miles of \nnoble buildings, was left behind. Cincinnatians see this bridge so much that \nseldom stop to think what a wonderful stnidlure it is, yet it is built to defy time. Its mighty stone \nand iron trus.ses not only bear the trafll^ of a great railroail. but over its -\'"\'-\'- - -Tgre and \n\n\n\n\nf(K>l-\\vays tluTf flow two unceasing stream^ i>i mIikIc.-. and people between Cincinnati and its fair vounK \nsister city Newport. Hut we are fairly across llie Ohio and in the South, and not only in the South but \nin Kentucky, that blissful region of fair maidens and gallant men. And Newport has more than its pro])or- \ntion of beautiful girls and brave men, and it is noted for its blue blooded families and generous hospitality \nas uuich as the other Newport is famous for its summer cottages and gorgeous display. Newport, however, is \nvery familiar, for every Cincinnatian visits there, and liea simply remarks on the extreme quiet of the place in \ncontrast to the bustle across the river. \n\n"Look," she cried, "we\'re running right in the middle of the street, just as though we were in a \ncarriage. \' And this is true, for the I,. tS: N. goes directly through the town in a masterful kind of wa\\-. not \nskirting it and stealing through the slums and back yards as is often the case in railroad approaches. \n\nThere is onlv a moment\'s stop at Newjx)rt, and then the train .starts on its piclurcsque run to Louisville \nover the " Short-line." Si.\\ miles out is " Latonia" station, and the track and great airy buildings of the Latonia \nRace Course are within a stone\'s throw. Here it is that the famous Kentucky thoroughbred " Leonatus " ni.nde \nsuch a wonderful record, while nearl.\\\' all of the great horses of the country have shown their paces as the\\- \nsped rounv\'. and round the course. The races are great events and thej- are not only attended b\\- the wealth \nand beautv of the three cities of Cincinnati, Covington and Newport, but half of Kentucky gathers to see \nthem ; and the grand stand is a brilliant sight on a field-day. Talk about beautiful women! They are there \nby the hundreds, and they are not only fair of face, they are well built, graceful, and as the Kentuckian hor.se \nfancier said, bestowing prai.se with the most expressive smile of which he was capable, "they are more \nsymmetrical than a thoroughbred." \n\nThe track at Latonia has a most excellent reputation among sportsmen and it is considered one of the \nfinest in the country. The first race meeting took place in June, 1885, and there was a larger continuous attend- \nance, heaxier purses gi\\-en away, and a greater number of thoroughbreds gathered together than was ever \nbefore known in the South or West, and this auspicious beginning has been of a piece with its succeeding \nhistory. Truthfully and beautifully has it been written : \n\n"Latonia \xe2\x80\x94 sweet .sounding in name, \nI\'aradise of horsemen." \n\nLatonia has done a great deal, and is doing a great deal, to encourage the breeding of fine horses. It \noilers that practical encouragement in the shape of financial rewards to the horseman who succeeds in \ndeveloping the fleetest-footed steeds, and it might be remarked that Kentucky has ever been noted for its \nhorseflesh. The early X\'irginians, who settled the State, were lovers of racing, and they brought their horses \nwith them. In course of time the breed was improved by the importation of animals from Pennsylvania, and \nthe settlers began to discover that the water and soil of Kentucky brought out the best jwints of horses, \nand that in two or three generations of horses the swift became swifter and the clean-footed, long-necked, \nslim-built, became cleaner footed, longer necked and slimmer built. In fact they awoke to the fad that \n"blue grass" and lime water were making such horses as the world has never seen. \n\nAnd Kentucky is one of the great horse growing and horse using States of the I\'nion. When the war \nbroke out the most daring bands of horsemen came from there. It was there that Morgan organized his \ncompany of wild rangers, and it was Kentucky horses that tirelessly carried them over field and flood on \ntheir desperate expeditions. His men were Kentuckians trained to the saddle from youth, and their free and \neasv style of performing cavalry evolutions would have astonished a prime German or English officer. But \nthey knew how to manage their horses and they did more execution in a .shorter space of time during the \nwar than did any other body of men of the same size. At one time their mere approach threw the whole \nof the great city of Cincinnati into tunnoil, while by one fierce rally they spread terror and dismay through- \nout Southern Illinois, Indiana and Ohio. \n\nBut I am not writing war reminiscences. That must be left to the Century Magazine. I simpl.\\- \nstarted to say something about Kentucky horses and strayed a little from the subject. The rank and file of \nthese horses still, however, have occasionally a chance to distinguish them.selves in military ser\\ices, for the \nEnglish government buys hundreds of them annually for the army. At the time of the Arabi Bey rebellion \nin Egypt, the English also bought all the Kentucky mules in the Cincinnati market for use in the war. \nSo it can be seen that the breeding of horses has been turned to great practical account. Thousands of \ndollars are invested in some of the blue grass stock farms and they are managed with the same percision \nand sy.stem as a mercantile business. \n\nWhile we are thus entering and passing through the "dark and bloody ground," as it was called in \nthe old Indian days, a glance at its varied history may be interesting. A hundred years ago and more, all \nthis region was known as Transylvania, and it was free from settlers of an>\' kind. The red men had no \npennanent villages here but simply roamed through the country on hunting expeditions. Occasionall\\ \nwhite hunters came here, too, and they brought back reports of the beauty and fertility of the region. \nA -. !ii: these eariy comers was Dr. Thomas Walker, a Virginian, who in 1750 journeyed as far as where Lexing- \nton uow> stands, and his diary still exists. As Shaler, in his history of Kentucky, says: "He seems to have \nbeen a remarkably intelligent explorer, for he noticed the easternmost out-crop of the Appalachian coal field, \nwhich so fir is probably the first mention of any fact of geological nature concerning any part of the \nVirginian nmuntains " These early wanderers were all enthusia.stic, and in 1774\xe2\x80\x94 June 10 is the exact date\xe2\x80\x94 \nthe first deliberate attempt was made to form a pennanent settlement. Jr.mes Ilarrod, with forty companions \n\n\n\nan act to prevent profane \nascertainina; clerks\' \n^"\'\xc2\xbbH. , p istnre) an act for \n\n\n\nsailed down the Ohio to a point near Louisville, and then strikinjj inland they penetrated to Central Ken- \ntuckv where they founded what is now the flourishing and historic town of Harrodsburg. Then came Boone \nand the brave pioneers who followed where he led. In 1775 a frontier congress was held at Boone\'s Station \nan 1 the following laws were passed : an act to establish courts of judicature and establish practice therein ; \nIn act for reguHting the militia \xe2\x80\xa2 an act for the punishment of criminals ; \nswearing and Sibbath breaking an act for writs of attachment an act for \nand sheriffs\' fees an act for to preserve the ran?e \npreser\\ing the breed of horses and a game act \n\nThe reader can see th it e\\ en m that \nremote day the lioise was dear to the \nKentucky heai t But the faift that this \nwoodland congress w as held and th it \nthese laws were passed is all imp rt ml \nin showing the charadler \nof the men who had \nthus ventured into \nthe wilderness to \nmake homes for \nthemselves and t \ncarve out a St ite \n\n\n\n\n% \n\n\n\nUK SHORT-LINE\xe2\x80\x94 KENTUCKY BEACH FOU: \n\n\n\nIt would be useless to repeat the story of the trials and adventures of these bold settlers. It is a bloody \nnarrative, full of border heroism, of midnight attack and murderous reprisal, of snake-like cunning watched \nby unceasing watchfulness and brave endurance, of savage torture and death, and of final triumph for the \nwhites. After the Revolutionary war the Indians were driven westward and northward and the pioneers w-cre \nleft pra(5lically undisturbed. However, at the very beginning of the Revolutionary struggle, in 1776, tbe name \nof Transylvania was dropped and Kentucky County was officially separated from Fincastle County, Virginia, \nHarrodsburg being named as the seat of government. The growth of the territor},- was rapid, and in 1792 \nit was admitted into the Union. Says Shaler : "From the settlement of Harrodsburg in 1774, to the admis- \nsion of Kentucky into the Union, was seventeen years. In these crowded >ears, full of incessant battle with \n\n\n\nthe wiUk-nass aiul its IciiaiUs. a struggle in which thoiisamls of brave iiRii fell, a Stale had hten created. \nFor nearly one-half the time during which this great work was a doing, the parent colon.\\- of \\irginia was \nengagetl in a war that drained her energies to utter exhaustion. \n\n"There is no similar speclacle in histor_\\- that is so curious a.s this swarming of men into the wilder- \nness during the time when their mother country was engaged in a life and death struggle. \\Vc can only \ncxjdain it through the intense land-hunger which marks the Saxon people. The thirst for land which \nwe find so strongly developed in the Ivlizabelhian English, seems to have been transmitted to Virginia in \nan intenser fonn. Knowing that free lands were to he won by giving life for it, the X\'irginia and North \nCarolina peo])le were driven to de.sert their comfortable dwelling places in the colonies for the battle in the \nWest. There is no other case where this land-winning motive is so clearly seen as here. All our other \nwestern immigration has been fostered by the protection of the goveniment. These people could look to no \nprotection but what they gave themselves." \n\nThe history of Kentucky until the Civil War is a narrative of uninterrupted prosperity and .steady \ngrowth. It was marked by tile brilliant episode of the Mexican war, in which Kentucky soldiers i)articu- \nlarly distinguished themselves. C.en. Zachary Taylor was a Kentuckian, and the glorious victory at Huena \nVisia was won almost entirely by the regiments from his native State. Of course the history of the Com- \nmonwealth in the late "unpleasantness" is well known. At first Kentucky resolved to remain neutral and \nkeep invaders from her soil. Uut this could not be and the policy of neutrality was abandoned. The Slate \nstuck by the I\'nion, yet more than 40,000 of her brave sons marched away to fight for the Confederacy. \nA still greater number fought under the old flag, but in \'65 their battles were over and they returned to \ntheir homes to live together in the delights of restored peace, confidence and well being. There was no \nfighting of the war over again when the Northeni and Southern veterans came home. Neighbors again \nbecame brothers and joined in the common cause of making the land blossom as the ro.se, and restoring the \nprosperitx- which reigned before the war. \n\n.Ml pa.ssenger trains on the "Short-line" make splendid time, and the rapid flight acro.ss a comer of Ken- \ntuckv is hugely enjoyable. I\'or four or five miles the road runs near the banks of the yellow and turbulent \nLicking, that fierce little river which occasionally rises in its might and pours its swollen waters against the \ncraft lying at the Cincinnati levee, working untold damage and destruction. But just now its muddy current \nlooks peaceful enough, and as we rattle across it and plunge into the Kentucky hills we look back and catch our \nlast glimpse of the great .smoke cloud \xe2\x80\x94 that banner of industrv\xe2\x80\x94 which forever hangs above the "Queen Cil.\\ . " \n\n"That is the last of Cincinnati for many a long day," I observe, and then a sudden turn hides Ihe \nsmokv cloud. \n\nThe " vShort-line" cuts directly acro.ss the State, making the shorte.st possible route between Cincinnati \nand Louisville. Miich of the .scenery along the road is very fine. Now the train is eur\\ing around a hill who.se \nsides are covered with long rows of tobacco plants, while a noble stretch of valley, rich with woodland and \nmeadow, is to be seen from the car window ; then it is rumbling aver some high embankment or whizzing \nthrough a tunnel. Many are the glimpses of beautiful scenery along the road, and the traveler who passes over \nit in the spring time finds it a veritable path of flowers. All the hillsides are radiant with bloom while the \ntrees are dressed in colors that might make the gorgeous bird of Paradi.se ruffle his feathers in envy. It \nwas at this .sea.sou that our artist sketched the beautiful and restful scene, " Along the .Short-line," which is one \nof the handsomest engravings ever made in America. There are .some very pretty towns along the line which \nare centers of local trade and depots of agricultural products. \n\nUut the ride is of truth "short" and almost before we were aware, we were .ipproaching Louisville. \nAfter leaving La (\'.range, which is only twenty-seven miles from Louisville, and which is a nourishing place, \nsid)urban houses began to make their appearance. All this stretch of country is destined to grow, and eventu- \nallv it will be one long, continuous suburb from Louisville. As the city becomes more and more a manufactur- \ning center, the desirability of living bejond the noise and smoke will increa.se, and as the suburbs follow the \nrailroads it is highly probable that .soon this region will be well built up. All the indications point that way, \nand year by year the number of suburban residents grows greater. It is very likely that some day this countrv- \nalong the " Short-line " will be as popular as that along the roads running out of Cincinnati. In that great and \nunexprcssibly dirty city the people have found it necessary to seek the countn,- with its freshness and purity, and \nas a consequence the suburiis of Cincinnati are larger than any others in .America. And people in Loui.sville are \ngradually moving out into the "open" in the same way. This region oflTers great advantages to the city \nresident. In the first place it is easily accessible, and then it is high and free from malarial influences. In \nsummer it is always cooler than in the city, as the breeze has a chance to make itself felt. Of course it is a \nwonderfully good piace to bring u]) a family of boys, uniting, as it does, all the wholesome associations of country \nlife with tlie advantages of the city, while at the same time being beyond its hanuful tendencies. Pewee \\\'alley \nis one of the prettiest of the suburbs, and it is the home of many Ix>uisville business men. Kentucky College \nis located here, and as a college town it h,%s additional interest in the eyes of the tourist ; then comes .Vnchor- \nage, which is known everywhere through the State, as the Insane Asylum is .situated here. The in.stitution can \nbe .seen from the car windows, and Bea and I hardly knew w-hich to admire most, the tasteful building or the \nbeautifully kept grounds. \n\n.\\nchorage is a suburb of Ixjuisville and it is one of the loveliest and best known in the .South. Originally \nit was called by the unromantic and prosaic name of Hobbs Station, being called for a former President \n\n\n\nof the Louisville & Lexington R. R. Co. Il.s picturesque and attractive surroundings \ngive il a peculiarly liome-like appearance ; and some A-ears since a member of \nMr. Hobbs\' family suggested a change of name, and that it be called \n\n/,(. Anchorage, as in description of its restful and peaceful surround- \nVl/ \'"S\'\' The idea was approved, and the station became known \nunder its present mme. Many elegant, handsome homes \nh-i\\e been eredled here, and it has been for many years a \ngreat educational center. Dr. H. B. McCoun. \n1 distniguished scholar, founded Fore.st Home \nAcademy, a mile east of the station, \nand in twenty years since Dr. Hill \nlocated Bellewood Seminary near the \nstation. Anchorage is also the home \nof Bellewood Female Seminant\', \none of the best known educa- \ntional centers in the South \n-\' and West. It is splendidly \n\n\n\n\nlocated in a grove of magnificent shade trees and all its environments are unsurpas.sed \nkii ii.ilural beauty and healthfulness. It is several hundred feet above the level of Louisville \nand malaria is unknown. In the immediate vicinity are man^- fine residences, the homes of wealthj- people doing \nbusiness in the city, and who come here to escape its tunnoil and restles.sness in the pure air and quietude of the \ncountr5\'. And the purely educational features of the institution are all that could be wished. The course of \nstudy is thorough and complete, while the young ladies are also taught what are known as the "accomplish- \nments," that is music, drawing, and the polite arts. Prof. R. C. Morrison is the Principal, Miss Pauline Breck \nis the lady Principal, Rev. K. W. Bedinger is Chaplain, and Col. Bennet A. Young, of Louisville, is Regent. \n\nAfter leaving Anchorage came another and lesser suburb, and a few minutes more than four hours after \n.starting, we rolled past the houses and fadlories which indicated a great cit}-, and the porter, gathering up the \nladies\' wraps, cried out " Loui.sville." Bea and I had left Cincinnati at 7:55 A. m. and we were in Louisville at \n12:20 p. M. Had we been going directh\' through we would ha\\e taken the Pullman, but as we intended to stop \nover at Loui.sville we rode in the chair car. seats in which are furnished the patrons of the road without extra \ncharge. Tourists who are going through direct, however, can take a Pullman Buffet vSleeper at Cincinnati and \ngo without change to New Orleans ; or, they can take it at Louisville and go without change to Pensacola and \nJacksonville in Florida. \n\n\n\n-^ vONNECTIONS - AT - \\ OUISVILLE \xc2\xa7;V \n\n\n\n.<<a) ^ynoXVille fine (j^ \n\nSi.l.li.m it is lliat one rnids a pifllicr or inoiv varied stretch of roa.l tliaii the Kiioxville branch of the \nKUen N. It runs from l.eljnnon Junction, on the main line, through some of tlie most ])ictures(i\\ie parts of \nKentucky, anil passes through some of the wildest and most beautiful scenery in Tennessee, to that enter- \nprising and ever-increasing city, Kno.wille. The distance from Louisville to Knoxville is two hundred and \nsixty-one miles, not at all an insignificant jaunt. In England a road of this extent would be called a great \nthrough tntnk line; but here, in spite of its miles and miles of gleaming steel, it is only a branch. \n\nThe first large town on the road, after leaving the jundlion, is Lebanon, with about three thousand \ninhabitants. It is a flourishing place, well supplied with churches, .schixils and manufactories; and, being \nin the center of a rich fanning countrj-, it boasts an extensive trade. \n\nHeyond Lebanon the traveler notices those peculiarly sharp, conical hills called "knolis" hy the natives. \nTheir summits against the horizon look like the teeth of some gigantic saw, or like the waves of the \nocean in a choppy sea. \n\nAt Danville Junction, four miles .south of Danville, the track is cros.sed hy the Cincinnati Southern \nRailroad. There is but little need to speak of Danville, that ancient place of great renown, from who.se \nschools have gone so many of the distinguished men of the State, and among whose residents are the fore- \nmost families of Kentucky. It is a town where wealth, education, culture and trade have long centered, \nand it is a lovely place beside. Near Danville Junction are the famous Alum Springs of Kentucky-, whose \ncurative powers have long been well known. Annually they are visited by hundreds, who either seek \nbodily relief, or, in the peace and quiet of the place, recruit their wasted strength. \n\nStanford, one hundred and four miles from Loui.sville, is a town which is steadil\\- growing, and is \nnow of considerable importance. All around lies one of the fme.st grazing countries in the world \xe2\x80\x94 a perfect \nsea of emerald fields \xe2\x80\x94 whose possibilities have as yet hardly been attempted. \n\nAnd now the road begins to enter the mountainous region of Southeastern Kentuckw and the track \nwinds around steep hills and through rocky cuts, like a vast metallic seqient. At Riolunond Junction \npassengers change cars for Richmond, which lies but thirty-four miles to the north. \n\n-\'KsGrah Orchar^I^- \n\nWliat Saratoga is to New York, the While Sulphur Sprin.us to \\\'irginia, that is what Crab Orchard \nin to Kentucky. And not to Kentucky alone; for the fame of the Crab Orchard .Springs, and the beauty \nand attractiveness of their surroundings, everj- year brings hundreds of visitors from the neighboring States. \nNowhere in the Union is there a more charmingly lovely spot than here ; while the .soft and lazy summer \nclimate is a balm to the weary body and tired mind. The springs are about a mile distant from the \nlittle town on the railroad, in a valley which is so extensive, that, were it not for the spurs and foot-hills \nrunning into it, it might be taken for a plain. Far away can be seen the blue hills, mist\\ by reason oi \ndistance; and all around is a country which is a living harmonv in color. \n\nHere it is that, regularly as the summer comes, that the beauty and bravery of the country gather. \nAnd the merry-makings that absorb old and young, the moonlight rambles, the long daylight walks, the \n]>leasant drives, the joj-ous pic-nics. the gay dances, the innocent love-making\xe2\x80\x94 who can describe them.\' \nVou that have had the exquisite pleasure of spending a season at Crab Orchard know of its delights ; and \nknow that it would be vain for me to attempt to tell of its numberless pleasures and attraiflions. Those \nthat come here, brain-worn and wearied b>- the busy and pressing world, find the ver\\- atmosphere of the \nplace contagious ; and they give themselves up wholly and unreser\\-edly to the enjoyment of the passing \nhour. As the pcx-t says, they "leave cark and care behind." And who could have a care at Crab Orchard.\' \nCare is banished, and joy and mirth rule supreme. \n\n\n\n\n"his excellent engraving gives the stranger some faint idea of \nthe beauties of the place and its romantic surroundings. The tree- \nined, shady walks, " leafy arcades, " as they have been called, are \nwonderfully inviting, while the less pretentious paths, winding down \n<> the various springs, seem to repeat to the strolling couples that \n\xe2\x80\xa2two is company, three is a crowd." At least they have been made \nwith such designuio skill that often thev are onlv wide enough for two. and this is the reason that the young \npeople pair off so naturallv ; and, speaking of pairing off, they do say that there are more matches made \ndurinc- the season at Crab Orchard than in all the rest of Kentucky put together. But tins is probably only a \nbase rumor, gotten up to frighten tinii.l mammas and suspicious papas. Xeverthck-ss. if it is true that \nmatches are made in heaven, then this delightful resort can la>- claim to being an earthly paradise that \n\n\n\niinilalLS ht-avcnlv ways pix-Uy closely. But the SiJiings arc not only famous as a pleasure resort; they are \nalmost iKtter known for their health-giving qualities. Those who are troubled with their digestion\xe2\x80\x94 that \nawful bugbear of motlern America, and of which our forefathers were more or less ignorant \xe2\x80\x94 find almost \nimmediate relief; while others, afflicted in did\'ercnt ways, are signally benefited. These Springs are sn \nnumerous and so varied in chara<5\\er that the invalid is indeed difficult to please who can not be suited. The \nlipsom Spring is even belter than the famous fountain in England, from which it takes its name. Then \nthere are Chalybeate Springs of various strength, combined with sulphur, while the purity of the mountain \nair is an able auxiliary to the waters. The hotel.s are excellent, the company is at all times of the best, \nand the man or woman who has ever visited Crab Orchard and not been hugelj\' pleased is unknown. \n\n\n\nWe furnish an analysis of the principal mineral wat- \ners of Crab Orchard Springs, taken from the second \nreport of the C\'leological Sur\\ey in Kentucky, b> \nDavid Dale Owen. Composition on the basis of one \nthousand grains. \n\nTllb: BROWN SrRl.NC.. \n\n\n\nHeld in solution \nby Carbonic .Acid. \n\n\n\nCarbonate of Iron. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 Maganese. \nl.ime, \n-Magnesia, \n.SiiiphaUul \n\n" l.inic, \n\xe2\x96\xa0 I\'otash. \nChloride of Sodium. \nSilicia, - - . - \nMoisture and loss, \n\n\n\n0.02.S I \n.OOi Held in soil \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0_ I in tlic \xc2\xabai \n\xe2\x80\xa2"" byCarbonic, \n.020 J \n.112 \n.015 \n.02S \n.018 \n.046 \n.053\xe2\x80\x940.442 grair \n\n\n\n.\\.mi:kic.\\x i-I\'So.m si-rino. \n\n\n\nTIIIv VIV.IA) SPRING \n\nCarbonate of Iron and M.ngancse. 0.015 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 Lime, - - - \'^O \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 .Magnesia. \xe2\x96\xa0 .131 \nSulphate of \xe2\x96\xa0 - - .066 \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Soda. - - .024 \n\n" Potash, - - - .022 \n\nChloride of Sodium. - .008 \n\nSilicia. .041 \xe2\x80\x94 0.446 grains. \n\nThe free Carbonic .\\ci(l present was not estimated. \n\n11()W.\\KI) Sn.PIIUR WELL. \nCarbonate of .Magnesia. - 0.065 I Held in solution \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Lime. - - - .015 ) by Carbonic Acid. \n\n.Sulphate of Magnesia, \xe2\x96\xa0 - .012 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 I\'otash, - - - .008 \nAlumina and trace of I\'hosijhate, .002 \nChloride of Sodium. - - .017 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n,.,S.\xc2\xabKVV \n\n\n0.. \n\n\n\n\nSilicia, - - - - \nMoisture and loss. \n\n\n\n\n.022 \n\xe2\x96\xa0 .025\xe2\x80\x940 \n\n\n.164 grains. \n\n\nCarbonate \n\n\nof Lime, \n\n\n0.506 ) \n\n\nHeld \n\n\nin solution \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Magne.sia, - \n\n\n- -375 t \n\n\nby Carbonic Acid. \n\n\n\n\nTIIlv C.Rl \n\n\n)\\i-: \n\n\nSPRINC. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\xa2 Iron, a trace. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCarbonate \n\n\nof Iron. \n\n\n\n\n- 0.021 1 \n\n\n\n\nSulphate < \n\n\n)f Magnesia, \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 Lime, \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 Pota.sli, \n\n\n2.9S9 \n\n- 1.566 \n\n.298 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Lime. \n" Magnesia. \n\n\n\n\n- .005 1 \n\xe2\x96\xa0\'95 1 \n\n- \xe2\x80\xa204" J \n\n\nHeld in solution \n\nin the water \nby Carbonic .\xe2\x96\xa0\\cid. \n\n\n\n\n" Soda, \n\n\n- .39S \n\n\n\n\n\n\nSulphate ( \n\n\njf \n\n\n\n\n- ^056 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 .Sodium, \n\n\n1. 000 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n" Potash, - \n\n\n\n\n- -013 \n\n\n\n\nSilicia, \n\n\n\n\n- .021 \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n-7 \xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa053 \n\n\ngrains. \n\n\nChloride c \n\n\n)f Sodium, - \n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0013 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nBromine a \n\n\ntrace. \n\n\n\n\n\n\nvSilicia, \n\n\n\n\n\n\n- .040 \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n1.3S4 grains. \n\n\n\nThe waters of which the foregoing exhibit shows the medicinal ingredients, are considered remedial in \n"Bright\'s Disease," affections of the bladder, skin, diseases of the bowels, neuralgia, scrofula, convalesence \nfrom typhoid and malarial fevers, female diseases, general debility, etc., under medical advice by the resident \nphysician. \n\nAt Broadhead the hills and the mountains really begin to show themselves in something like grand fonns. \nas the train winds in and out of deep passes, and the eye confronted by high cliffs, glances occassionally, up \ndeep, rocky glens, fringed or almost curtained by the thickets of cedar and laurel, and beneath these are dis- \ncerned brawling and foaming torrtMits, dashing along over pebbly and stony beds, as they seek their way to the \nlarger streams below. From the edges of the great solid walls of rock, two on either side, which border the \ntrack, and above, we come upon small but lieautiful cascades of crj-stal water, tumbling down mossy fronts \nof cliffs, each one of the.se a picture, which, could it be faithfully given, would be a welcome contribu- \ntion to the wealth of fine landscapes for which our country is already noted. \n\nLivingston, one hundred and forty miles from Louisville, is a place of great promise. Coal lies in \nall the hills around, and iron abounds. The coal is being mined quite extensively. The timber iii the \nvicinity is of the be.st, and as yet the ax of the woodman has not shorn the hills of their native beauty. \nThe town lies at the meeting-place of the Roundstone Creek and Rockca.stle River, which is crossed by a \nfine iron bridge. \n\nAll the country through which the road now pas.ses is filled with coal and iron. Lonilon, one hundred ami \nfifty-seven miles, will probably be before long a great mining center. This is the place where tourists take \nway for \'Rockcastle Springs," eighteen miles distant, and which are delightfully situated in a pleasing country. \n\nWilliamsburg is the last large town in Kentucky. After leaving it the ro.id traverses a broken and \never-picture.sque country, which is filled with surprises and delights for the eye of the traveler. The valleys \nare exceedingly rich, and all kinds of crops (lourish. \n\n\n\nKno.willc, the metropolis of Eastern Tennessee, speaks for itself It is a trim, liusy cit\\-, filled with vim \nand enterprise. Here are the East Tennessee, Virginia & Georgia, and the Kuo.wille & Charlestown railroads, \nwhich, in connection with the L. & N., give the town excellent railroad connections. It would be idle to \nsay that Knoxville is bound to be an important place. Geographically it is a center, and man has done his \nI)art to further its development. It has manj- factories, and its trade is large. But these are facts which \nare so well known that to repeat them is almost like saying that New Castle is well supplied with coals \nOne of the famous products are the beautifully variegated Tennessee marbles, which have been used to such \ngood purpose in the Capitol at Washington, and the New York Capitol at Albany, not to speak of scores \nof other magnificent public and private buildings. The location of the city is rarely lovely. All around \nit rise hills, and the diversity of vale and upland is chaniiiugly picturesque. \n\n\n\n\nWalking up Bioad\\\\a> m Lexington, the \nmost conspicuotis building which catches \nthe eye is the Hamilton Female College, \nwhich is one of the model educational in- \nstitutions for 3oung ladies in the countr\\-. \nIt is attended by students from all over the \nland, but more especiallj\' from the South : \nand the work that is done is really excellent. The Faculty, numbering thirteen, is made up of skilled \nand long-experienced instructors, who enter with a warm sympathy into the aims and aspirations of the \npupils. It is this that makes a home-like atmosphere pervade the college, and takes away that hard, dr\\ \nofficialism which too often renders school uninviting. The site of the college is magnificent, overlooking, \nas it does, all of Lexington ; and no pains have been spared to make the grounds attractive. The structure itself \nis thoroughly modern with every comfort and convenience that is known to the architect or house furnisher. \n\n\n\n\'riiis loail runs from I.thaiion, KL-iiliuk\\, on llic Kiioxvillc lint.-, lo (\'.ri.<.iisl)iirt;, alioul llurlv-oni; iiiik-s \nill a southerly direction. It jiasses throu}?li an excclknt ajj;ricultural country. Campbcllsville. nineteen \nmiles from tlie startinjj place, is a pretentious and thri\\infr town. Creenslnirg is a lovely rural community. \nIt has no faclorics, but does a larj.je business in the jiroducts of the localit\\-. \n\n\n\n-^(^ar^d^town f \n\n\n\nine\xc2\xa9^ \n\n\n\nTwenty-two miles south of Louisville, on the main line of the I.. & N., is Hardstown Junction, and \ntlie town of that name is .seventeen miles to the southwest. Three miles out on the branch is Clennont. \nwhere is situateil one of the finest quarries of stratified limestone in the world. The stone is very easily \nquarrietl and readily worked when first removed; but it hardens by exposure. Much of the stone u.sed iii \nthe buildinjj of the bridffe across the Ohio at Louisville came from here, and it is in con.stant demand. \nThe quarries are owned by the railroad company. At Xazareth is a flourishinjf Callu)lic female seminar\\ , \nand a very imposing collection of l)uildiii.us. Hard.slown is a jjlace of about two llumsaiid five hundred \ninhabitants. It is substantially built, is the local metropolis, and is quite an educational center. \n\n\n\n.^(^loomRelcl \xc2\xa3ine \n\n\n\n&$^ \n\n\n\nBloomfield is an active. a<,\',iCiessive little cily, forty-five miles south of .\\nchora>;e. on the L. >.V .\\ \nvShort Line, where the cars are taken to reacli il. .Sliell)yvil!e, nineteen miles, is the ]>rincii)al and largest \ntown on the road. It does a coniinercial and manufacluriug business, and is well finnislK-d with educational \ninstitutions. It is in fact one of the towns which is noted throughout Kentuck\\ for push and energy. \n\n\n\n.^Gla^^ow fineg^ \n\n\n\nGlasgow is ten miles west of C.Ia.sgow Junction, ninety miles soulli of Louisville, on the main line of \nthe L. & N. The ro.id runs Ihiougli a rather hilly coiintrw though it is extremely fertile. ("dasgow is a \nthrifty, .solidly-built town, which covers a great deal of ground\xe2\x80\x94 all of the inhabitants being believers in \nthe divine right of having just as large yards as may suit their fancy. It is a great shipping point, and \nthe people for fifty miles around regard it as a center. Not far distant are a number of petroleum wells, \nwhose product is about five hundred barrels per month. Glasgow is well supplied with all that ministers \nto the needs of modeni and higher civilization, and it has an expanding future. \n\n\n\nIfexin^ton h \n\n\n\nThis is a very important and niucli-lraveled road, running from \\"adens. on the Short Line, through \nthe State capital, Frankfort, to Lexington, which is situated in the very heart of the world-famous blue gra,ss \ncountry. The distance from Louisville is ninety-four miles. Frankfort is a trim little city, which is thronged \nwith statesmen and visitors during the .sessions of the legislature, while the .State offices always make it \na center of political interest. Among the most noted of the public institutions is the penitentiary, which \nhas gained a national reputation during Gov. Blackburn\'s administration. It is almost superfluous to say \naught about I^exington, the .second capital of Kentucky, the family home of Henrj\' Clay, and the city where \nthe aristocracy of the .State gather annually at the races. It is the capital of the blue grass country, and is \nfamed alike for beautiful women and fast horses. It is no discredit to mention them both in the same \nbreath, for the blue grass horses beat the world, and are second in a Kentuckian\'s aflections only to the \nladies of his native State. \n\nThen, too, Lexington is a great educational center. The Agricultural and Mechanical College of \nKentucky is situated here. It is a State institution and has an ample endowment, which promises much \nfor the future. Its buildings are located in what was once the City Park, a noble stretch of land con- \ntaining fifty-two acres, which was given by Lexington to the State. The site is elevated and commands \na good view of the city and surrounding couiitr\\-. A new college has been erected, containing commodi- \nous chapel, society rooms, lecture and recitation rooms sufTicient for the accommodation of six hundred \nstudents. A large and well -ventilated dormitory has also been built, with rooms for ninety students, for \nthe use of the appointees sent by the Legislative Representative Districts of the State to the .scientific or \n\n\n\nclassical departnients of llie college, and containing suitable dining-room, kitchen, matron\'s and sen-ants\' \nrooms. The natural confoniiation of the ground, and an abundant supply of water from the Maxwell \nvSpring, render the construction of an artificial lake, with boating course a quarter of a mile in length, \ncomparatively easy, thus providing for a beautiful sheet of water to add to the attractions of the landscape. \nFor the accommodation of students sent by the Board of Examiners appointed by the Court of Claims, \nas beneficiaries of the Legislative Representative Di.stricts of the State, rooms for ninety students are pro- \nvided in the dormitory. To these good, substantial board is furnished at $2.25 per week, payable in advance. \nStudents lodging in the dormitory furnish their own rooms. Good boarding, with fuel, lights and furnished \nroom can be obtained in private families, at rates varying from S3.50 to $5.00 per week. In all cases where \nstudents can at all afford it, boarding and lodging in priv.nte families are recommended. \n\n\n\n\n.\\GRICri,Tt"RAL .\\XD .MECH.VXIC.VL COLLEGE \nOF KENTUCKY. \xe2\x80\x94 LE.XIXGTON. \n\n^^" "\xe2\x96\xa0 The necessar}- expenses of a student while at \n\n__ -- college need not exceed the following estimates. \nAs a rule, the less pocket-money allowed by \nparents or ^u n 1 tl pupil When supplies are kept short, the opportunitj- for \n\ncontracting \\ilious habit\', is LoncbpoudnigU diminished. Students should be allowed by their parents to \ncreate no debts. The necessary expenses for the college year are S133.50. The course of study at tlie college \nis very much like that of other similar institutions, except that a great deal of attention is paid to the \nreally practical branches, while the course in mechanics and agriculture is exceptionally thorough. Pro- \nvision has been made to assist .students who wish to "work their way along" by a system that in reality \namounts to a limited number of free scholarships. This is a college which is thoroughly in accord with \nmodem ideas and the genius of our American civilization : and on that account alone it is assured of an \never-expanding growth and increasing influence. \n\n\n\nof all wx-U-kiiown private educational institutions in Louisville, the best and most noted is the Home \n\nSchool, at No. 717 Third Street. Miss Helle S. I\'eers is the I\'rincipal, and the Hoard of Trustees is made up \n\nof the followinj^i; gentlemen, wlio.si- names are all familiar: Messrs. \\V. Cieo. Anderson, Joseph B. Kinkead, \n\nK .V. Robinson, Steiihen R. Jones, John 15. Temple, James W. Tate, \n\nJ. M. Robinson and H. \\V. Oray. Miss I\'eers is a member of the \n\ni;i>iscopalian Church, and the school is under the particular pat- \n\nnmage of the Bishop of the Diocese; yet there is entire freedom \n\nas to the opinions and religious worship of the pupils. It may \n\nIII- well to obser\\\'e that several diflerent denominations are rep- \n\n! . >i.nted by the Tni.stees. Last jear the Faculty consisted of four- \n\n1 11 teachers, and of the one hundred and twenty pupils sixteen \n\n\\i.re resident boarders. The chief chann of the school is the \n\njhtful air ol home which pervades it, and the refining influences \n\nlich penneate and radiate from it. All that is uplifting and \n\n\n\n\nHOME SCIIOOI, FOR VOUN\'t \n\n\n\n.onSVILLE, \n\n\n\nexalting is thrown about the young ladies; and the fa(5t that the first people in Louisville send their daughters \nhere to be educated speaks volumes for its high character. The class of pupils who attend here is of the \nvery liest, and the associations of the school are all that could be wished. There are a number of scholars \nwho board in the institution, though the number is limited ; and these find school life as delightful as the \nloving care and watchful attention of their teachers can make it. In regard to location, no adjectives are \ntoo superlative. Third vStreet is a magnificent thoroughfare, lined with noble residences and beautiful with \nspreading shade trees and spreading lawns. It is, in facl, an almost ideal city street ; and the Home School \nis on just such a street as one would like to live, and in just such an attractive place that one would choose \nfor a residence. All its surroundings are in keeping with its name, and it is in every way an excellent and \nthoroughl> complete institution\xe2\x80\x94 such an institution as is fitted for the education of young ladies. \n\n\n\n..^ \n\n\n\nCitieinnati, foLii^ville and Cnempl2i^ f}\\)^\'S^ \n\n\n\n\'IMie name of this line, ti \nMemphis, via Louisville, ami W \nThe traveler on \n\nhundred and eighteen from Louisville, a sma \nJuncflion, and here the Memphis road leave \ndirection. JNIucli of the ^ \nCumberland and Ten \n\n\n\nuse a very slang phrase, "gives it away." It runs from Cincinnati to \n\ndistance betwec^i the two cities is four hundred and eighty-seven miles. \n\nthe EUenT " has noticed, two hundred and twenty-eight miles south of Cincinnati, and one \n\n11 station with a number of side tracks. This is Memphis \n\n=3 the main line and runs toward the Mississippi in a southwestern \n\nscenery on the route, especially in the vicinitj- of the \n\n> nessee ri\\ers is extremely picturesque, while the \n\n\'1^ \'2^ >& country for the most part is rich and fertile. At \n\n^^\xe2\x82\xacf - ^f^^^ - -5te^ South I\'nion. eleven miles from tlie \n\n*^"\xc2\xab^ , -^ \'^"\'Ci ^ i^^ Junction, three Iiundred and twenty- \n\n-*!^^\' """ *\xc2\xa3:,- t\xc2\xa3^*^ -i5? ^Slr*!*\'^ nine from Cincin- \n\niti, is a strong \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0.Shaker vSettle- \n\nment," with \n\n\n\n\nBETHEL COLLEC.I \n\nbuildings, neat out houses and extensue and well planned ground^ \n\nThe thrifty .sect have a model farm and do a large business in canned \xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x80\x9e,,.,, \n\nand dried fruits. Of course, the place will well repay a visit. Nestled among spreading trees is Uethe! College, \nat Russellville Kentuckv, while the beautifully-kept grounds around the buildings at once impress the visitor \nwith the fad that the spirit of neatness and order rules in the institution. The location is excellent, and \nstudents throng here from all over Kentucky and Tennessee. For years the attendance has been steadily \nincreasing, which in itself bears witness to the solid merits of Bethel College. One of its features is that \nmini.sters- sons and students for the ministry are given tuition free, while the latter receive forty dollars a \nvear additional (if needed) from the Enlow Fund. \n\n\n\nkiissLllvillc is a place of some picttiisions : aiul its silualiuii, in Uic- la.ul uf one of the best faiinin;^ \nrey:ions in Kentucky, is favorable to its growth and continued prosperity. It has a population of two thousand \nfive hundred and is constantly growing. Bethel and Logan Colleges, and a theological school, are situated \nhere ; and it is a center of culture and refinement, as well as of trade. \n\n\xc2\xab\xc2\xab (31arksuills\xc2\xbb* \n\nOn the Ivast bank of the Cumberland, just above the mouth of Red River, Clarksville is reached. \nIt was the judicious eye of John Montgomery that first discovered in the rugged hills that lie in the fork \nif the.se two streams a superior site for the location of a town. January, 1-S4, John Montgomery and Martin \nArmstrong entered the tract of land on which Clarksville is located. Anustrong laid off the plan of a town upon \nit. They named the town Clarksville, in honor of (leneral George Rogers Clark, a distinguished soldier of \nthat day, who was personally known to many of the early .settlers of Tennessee and Kentucky. After the \ntown had been laid oft", the proprietors sold a considerable number of lots, and the purcha.sers being desirous \nthat the town should be established by legislative authority, the C.eneral Assembly of North Carolina, in \nNovember, 17S5. est.nblishcd it a town and a town common, agreeable to the plan, by the name of Clarksville. \nWhat became of the town common does not appear. It was the second town established in Middle Tennessee. \nThe Commissioners appointed were John Montgomery, Anthony Crutcher. William Polk, Anthony niedsoeand \nCarduer Clark. In 1788 a tobacco inspection was established at Clarksville. This was by an acl of the General \nAssemblv of North Carolina, and was the first tobacco inspection established in Tennessee. The fact is only \nremarkable as showing how early the cultivation of tobacco came to be an important industry around \nClarksville. and as marking the inception of a tobacco market, which may still claim, with justice, to be \nthe first in the .State. In this year also the county of Tennessee \xe2\x80\x94 the original name for Montgomery county \n\xe2\x80\x94was established. There is nothing of the "mushroom" about her growth; and to-day Clarksville, as a \ncolleclion of men, is one of the most solvent towns in the whole country. Situated in the center of a wide \nbelt of the finest lands in the United States, on which is produced every variety of cereal, besides the great \n.staple of this country, tobacco; with railroad and river connexion with business points North, South, East \nand West ; surrounded by an industrious, energetic and intelligent people, whose school-houses crown even,- \nhill and dot every valley \xe2\x80\x94 we say, with such a business con.stituency, Clarksville pos.sesses advantages owned \nby but few towns ; and her solid growth, from a trifling village into an important city, has not been \naccidental, but is the result of natural causes. The population of Clarksville is now about seven thousand, \nincluding the suburbs, which, from their contiguity, are naturally a part of the town. It may not be as \nlarge as Rome was in the palmy days of Augu.stus ; but in the matter of hills it beats the famous "seven" \nall hollow. This is a thriving little city, and it is one of the great tobacco markets in the West. The river \nand the railroad have both combined to produce this favorable result. Then, of course, the adjacent country \nis celebrated as a tobacco-growing land. Clarksville is .solidly built, and its business blocks and large ware- \nhou.ses speak very forcibly of its go-aheadness. The general trade of the city is ever increasing, and the \ncommercial tourist finds it one of the most fruitful tarrying places in Eastern Tennessee. \n\n->\xc2\xab Dunbar (2au@j>i<- \n\nChief among the attracflions of Clark.svilk- is Dunbar Cave, one of the largest blowing caves in the \nworld. By that is meant that a steady stream of cool air pours out ot it summer and winter its temper- \nature is the same, and this mighty and never-failing draft is in itself wonderful and ine.xplicable. But the \ncave is of immeasured extent, and its possibilities as regards size are as great as Mammoth Cave. Each \nyear new discoveries add to its extent, and it may be that the gigantic natural catacombs undermine the \nwhole region. But be that as it may, the cavern is singularly beautiful and it has never-ceasing attrac- \ntions for the touri.st. Tho.se who have traversed its echoing galleries, dimly lighted by the torches of the \nguide, have watched the play of the grotesque .shadows flung on the walls by the moving lights, have \nlistened to the resonant falling of the subterranean waters, and heard afar off" the cry of some .stranger \nbroken into a thousand faint yet clear echoes, can never forget the impression made upon the inner senses. \n\nBut to return to the more practical affairs of life. The cave was di.scovered >ears ago, and held by \nits owner at such a fabulous price that none could afford to buy. At his death it fell into the hands of \nthe present proprietors, who have built a hotel, improved the surroundings, and nmde the environments of \nthe place all that could be wished. They have also taken .some very commendable liberties with the entrance \nto the cave. Once on a time it was a mere hole in the ground ; but, by removing the debris, which had \nbeen accumulating for ages, the entrance has been made grand and imposing. A magnificent arch of solid \nrock springs over it, while beneath is a splendid level floor on which hundreds can dance at a time ; and \nthey can dance there on the hottest day in summer, for the breeze from the dark depths of the mysterious \ncave forever keeps the temperature at 56 degrees. Invalids coming here find the air from the cave a great \nrestorative, while Idaho Springs, but a short walk from the cave, are in themselves a cure for many of \nthe ills of which flesh is heir to. There are five distinct springs of mineral water-s\xe2\x80\x94 red sulphur, white \nsulphur, chalybeate, magnesia and alum\xe2\x80\x94 all of .superior character, and possessed of many curative qualities. \n\n\n\n\nDlNiJAIi CAV \n\n\n\nThe Cuinberland is crossed on a splendid bridge, and then the road runs i>ver the river " bottoms" for \na long distance on a high trestle, which is far removed above "high water mark." The rains may descend \nand the flooils xua_\\- come, but travel on the I, iS: N. will not be interrupted. There is a very pretty stretch \nof road along the river, which the iron track follows for nearly twetity miles, and then it runs through a \nbroken country to the Tennessee river, three liundred and thirty miles, which is spanned bv another mag- \nnificent bridge with an iron "draw" in the center. The view at this point is grand, and the Tennessee is \nseen to the best advantage. The country beyond is well limbered. \n\nAs we go South there are evidences that we are in a land of cotton. Cotton fields lie on the track \nof the road. .\\l Paris, three hundretl and fifty -six miles, there is a large cotton factory. The town has two \nthousand inhabitants, and the three staples\xe2\x80\x94 com, cotton and tobacco\xe2\x80\x94 are the exports. McKenzie, eighteen \nmiles be>\xc2\xbbnd I\'aris, rejoices in a population of one thousand, and has two colleges\xe2\x80\x94 one a Methodist and the \nother a Cumberland Presbyterian, a sect which is very strong in this locality and in many other parts of the \nSouth, notably Texas and Arkansas. This is the crossing-place of the Nashville iS: St. I.ouis road. \n\nAt Milan, three hundred and ninet>-four miles, the Chicago, St. Louis & New Orleans road crosses. \nThe town is rapidly growing and is building up finely. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6\xc2\xab HurnIi>olt\xc2\xbb\xc2\xab- \n\nIlumbolt, four hundred and five miks, is slightly larger than Milan: and, like it, another railroad, \nthe Moliile cS: Ohio, cro.sses the I,. cS: N. within its limits. The town covers a great deal of space; but \nit is very pretty and attractive. Large quantities of fruit are raised in this neighborhood; and at Gadsden, \nfive miles beyond, this is an all-important enterprise. Strawberries, raspberries, pears, peaches, plums, in \nfact, all kinds of fruit grow as perhaps they grew in the Garden of Eden. Tliej- attain a delicious perfection, \nand year by year more and more fruit is being shipped to the North. An estimate was made some years \nago, and it would be much larger now, that in one \\ear the people around Gadsden cleared sixty thousand \ndollars from their fruit-crop. Frost never injures the fruit, the climate develops it; and. what is just as \nimportant, the L. & N. funiishes the best of facilities for carrying it to the North and Ha.st. It has been \nfound that fanns which have been overworked and run out in the cultivation of cotton and tobacco, raise \nmost excellent fruit, while this rotation of crops gives the land the needed ojiportunity for recuperation. \n\nBrownsville, four hundred and thirt>- miles, is a large and handsome town, which is considerably \nelevated alxjve the surrounding country. Its trade in cotton and other agricultural staples is large and \ngrowing, while its manufacturing interests are fast increasing. Brownsville Female College and the Wes- \nleyan Female Institute are both situated here, and are schools with far more than a local reputation. \n\nJust beyond the town of Big Ilatchie the railroad cro.sses the river of that name. It is a tributary \nof the Mississippi and is navigable for a number of miles. And now the road runs through a level strip \nof country, past a -number of small stations. \n\nBartlctt, four hundred and .seventy-six miles, is reached. It is more in the nature of a suburb than \naught el.se. Then the track runs in sight of the National Cemetery, and its high fiag-staft\' lifts the stars \nand .stripes above thousands of soldiers who fell fighting beneath them. This great burial-place, with its \nmassive gateways and splendidly-kept grounds, is at all times interesting. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2>!^Msrnphis w<- \n\nBut a few miles further, and Memphis, four hundred and eighty-seven miles, is reached \xe2\x80\x94 the depot \nbeing almost ui)oii the banks of the mighty father of waters. Memphis is a city which .speaks for itself \nIn spite of two visitations from that dread scourge, yellow fever, it has continued to prosper. That which \nwas imperfeift in its sanitary arrangements has been corrected, and the unhealthy places have been made \nhealthy. The stranger walking along its bustling streets, sees no evidence that the city has ever suffered \nin any unusual way. Kven,thing speaks of activity and enterprise, which has had the encouragement of success. \n\nCotton ma\\- almost be said to be king in Memphis, and cotton seed, oil cake and meal products reach \nan amazing amount. Then there is a large trade in grain and fann .staples, while it has the wholesale \ntrade that naturally comes to a great city. In a word, Memphis has risen superior to disaster, and is \nthriving and growing rich. \n\nOne of the signs of the times is the recent erection of the magnificent cotton exchange, which is \none of the finest commercial buildings in the country. In this way the merchants of the city have organ- \nized methods of controlling trade and making it flow through their hands. They realize that the situation \nof Memphis makes an extensive territory of the most fertile lands in the world tributary to her; and that \nif they but make the effort the country will yield them its fruits\xe2\x80\x94 and the men of Memphis are not the \nmen to let an opportunity slip through their fingers. They are wide-awake, pushing and abreast of the \ntimes. Of late vears the city has been almost entirely rebuilt, and it is altogether modem in appearance. \n\n\n\nT. . A both bv river and rail has steadily grown, and a wider field of enterprise has now been opened \nIts trade, both ^ > "^^ f *; \xe2\x84\xa2 ^\'^^^f^.^^.^ing \'its raw products, instead of sending them away to be manu \nsince Memphis has taken to "\'\xe2\x80\xa2^"^^\'*""""- ^^^^^^1 impression that the city was unhealty, and, indeed \n\n^t:^^lro^^^\'^^"^^ ^ ^-\xe2\x84\xa2-^ --- "^ -- and surface^ drainage has \nremoved this objedlion. The death-rate and m \nhcaltliN as the great majority of cities. \n\n\n\nlicipal tables of mortality show that Memphis \n\n\n\n\nIS situited rn i \nnorthern suburb \nof the clt^ of \nClirksMlle ind \nIS about ID nun \nutes \\\\ilk from \nthe corner of See \nnd and \\\\ anklin \nSts The Lodge \nIS the propert\\ ol \nL >pt J J Crusman \nn whieh is his resi \n\xe2\x80\xa2a fit abode for i \nmillionaire\xe2\x80\x94 nestling as \'\'*\' \n\nit does xmong man^ fine sp^e \nniieiis of e%ergeens from which it de \nI nes its euphonious appellation Th \nfitness of the location for a nursery \n\nflower-garden may be seen at a glance, \nliom the facT: that the magnolias of Florida \nand spruces of Nor%vav flourish side by side, being \nin that happy medium of latitude where the rich and xaned \nlloral treasures of the South meet in gorgeous arra>- their "\\o- jf"^^-^ ^^!^^ \nhood of the North. The flower-garden and nursery composes about fifteen \n" t cultivation. More than half is devoted to flowers. Carnations, roses \nchrysanthemums, tube roses and dahlias are grown by the thousands; palms \nS ferns are also a specialty, geraniums in endless --ty \xe2\x96\xa0;-\\- ^o" ,a \ngeneral assortment of rare plants as is to be catalogued by any of ^y^Z:^^\';;^\'^:\' ^^. \ntarge importations of bulbs are received each fall ^7^ Holland^ \\t"w^^^^^^^ ^^^.^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ \n\nflowering shrubs and fruit trees are all grown for sale ^\'^J^\'^^\'f^ ^l^\'^^\'^^l ^ l.rge area of glass in \npatrons in all the Southern and Western States. Five ^^\'f J^^^^\'l\'^\'^\'^J^^^ \npits and frames is constantly in use in raismg and propagating oung plant Jor t P ^^^ \n\nof shipment. Their catalogues are replete with mfonnation as o tl- -t n nt ^^ \n\nmailed free to all applicants. What the Champs E y.ses is to 1 ans, LentuU \nmount to Philadelphia, Evergreen Lodge is to Clarksville. \n\n\n\nNew York \n\n\n\nvill be \nand Fair- \n\n\n\nThe Tobacco Exchange building at Clarksvillc, Tennessee, was erected by the Tobacco Board of Trade, \nand is perliaps the handsomest building of its class in the State. It was built, in the best possible manner, \nof brick, with stone facings and trimmings,\' and roofed with slate and iron. The building contains a large \n\n\n\npurposes, and \nthirty thousand \n\n\n\nsalesroom, lighted from the roof, as well as by windows; a handsome hall for general \neighteen rooms for general offices. It was erected at a cost of .some twenty-five to \ndollars, funiished by the volunteer contributions of the .sellers and \nbuyers of the market. Tobacco sales range from two mil- \nlions to two and a half millions of dollars. Tl \nare nine stemmcries and prizing houses, who \nhandle from three to si.\\ million pounds, \naccording to the crop and prices. The \ntol)accoof thisseclion is composed mainly \nof tho.se grades and types most popular \nin foreign countries, and but little is man- \nufactured for .\\morican use. Under the \nprogre.ssive spirit of the age, which leads \ndemands to seek the fountain-head as \nclosely as possible, the representatives of \nnearly ever\\- countrv in Europe are to be \nfound at this Board during the season, seek \ning to secure their supplies; and \norders are being filled at the \nsame time for Great Britain, \nItaly, France, Germany, Aus- \ntria, vSpain, Switzerland, Bel- \ngium, Holland, and frequently \norders from Australia, Africa, \nthe West Indies and Mexico are \nfilled here, besides a fair amount \ntaken for different parts of the \nI\'nited States and Canada. \n\nAnd, speaking of tobacco, it \nis interesting to note the fact \nthat its production is increas- \ning year by year. Formerly \nit was thought that tobacco \ngrown out of \\\'irginia and \nNorth Carolina must of neces- \nsity be an inferior article; but \nthis idea is now relegated back \nto the dusty recesses of once \n\npopular fallacies, and the fact \n\n" ^ , \' , , , ci,.\\KKSvii,i.i: TOB.vccn r\\ui\\\\\' 1 II.!;. texn. \n\nIS everj-where acknowledged \n\nthat tobacco grown in the West is excellent, posse.s.sing distinctive and lim. qinlun..-, oi Us own. Kentucky \nnow stands at the head of tobacco-producing States, Mhile Tennessee ranks fourth, with good prospects of \ndoing better in the near future. In faefl: the great crop of Kentucky is tobacco, and its yearly value is \n$11,089,782, or just about one-thirtieth of the entire property in the State returned for taxation. According \nto the latest and most trustworthy statistics, there were in Kentucky 226,120 acres of land planted with \ntobacco last year, producing a total of 171,120,784 pounds. Think of it! Enough to keep an army smoking \nfor a campaign of a hundred years! In Tennessee the average was 41.522, and the number of pounds pro- \nduced was 29,365,052, the value being $1,538,757. \n\nThese few fa(fls and figures .show .something of the importance of the crop, and the amount of capital \ninvested in its culture; and, looking at it from a national stand-point, in 18S2 the internal revenue receipts \nfrom tobacco were $47,391,989\xe2\x80\x94 enough to pay the salary of the President of the United States 947 times and \nstill have something to spare. Not only was this amount collected, but 472,661,159 pounds of leaf tobacco \nwere exported, which enormous quantit>- was valued at $36,624,357. These latter figures are taken from the \ncensus of 18S0; and, as the trade has been growing, it is fair to presume that over $45,000,000 of "the \nweed" is now annually sent abroad. \n\nThe kinds of tobacco grown in different localities vary greatly. For instance, in Pennsylvania the \ngreat thing is \'Havana seed tobacco," which, in other words, means tobacco grown from seed brought \nfrom Cuba. Most smokers are ignorant of this fa(fl, and imagine that Havana seed tobacco means that \nthe seed is in some way mingled with the natural leaf. In Tennessee the trade caters to the foreign \nmarket, and the great bulk of the tobacco grown is exported, while the reverse holds true in Kentucky. \nAnd the most promising thing about this great industry is that the land suitable for tobacco-growing is \n\n\n\n\nnot yet half utilized. There \n\nis ever greater and greater ; for men \n\nmeals three times a day\xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nstill an ahundance for the new-comer. And not only that, hut the deniand \n^viU smoke, just as they xvill fall in love, and just as they eat the.r \nand thev won\'t stop until the crack of doom. \n\n\n\n\nThe stranger gets a good idea of the^ \ngreat Louisville Hotel by the faithful \nillustrations of the artist. It is a mas- \nsive building on Main Street, in the most \ncentral part of the city ; and the mighty \nDoric pillars at the principal entrance give \nit a distinctively southern look. Theoffice \n\n\n\nis a lort\\ \n\napart mtnt \n\nwith the tessa \n\nlated marble floor \n\nbroken by rows of large white columns \n\nit a cooland breezy appearance. This is on \n\nthe famous hotels in the vSouth, and all I \n\nfamous men who have visited Louisville h .\\ \n\nbeen its guests. It is thoroughly modtrn <in \n\ncomplete in all its appointments. ReccntU \n\nhas been thoroughlv refurnished and biu\'htciu \n\nup without and within. The table is noted f. \n\nits excellence, while the service is mechanical \n\nits perfection. Travelers say that half the chn \n\nwhich had ..rfe hi,.o,y for .he .S...e of Ke,\xe2\x80\x9e\xe2\x80\x9ecky : \xc2\xbb<! ,f *\'\xc2\xab J\'\'}\'^ , \xc2\xbb\' \' ^, .f^^,;^^^^^^^^ \n\n\n\nLOUISVILLE HOTEL.\xe2\x80\x94 LUUISVILLK, KY \n\n\n\nThe Courier-Jourual building; in Louisvilk- is not only the hirjjest and most admirably equipped news- \npaper establislunenl in the South or West, but is also a ^jrand and conspicuous public edifice, at once worthy \nof the city and fully adequate to the uses to which it is applied. The building is located on the south-east \ncomer of Fourth Avenue and Green Street, in the very center of the business portion of the city. It occupies \na frontage of one hundred and sixty-five feet on l-\'ourth Avenue, and on Oreen Street a frontage of eighty-six \nfeel six inches. The space covered by the building on the ground floor is fourteen thousand one hundred \nand seven feet, and the basement .space measures twenty-one . thousand feet. The building is five .stories \nhigh, with a Mansard roof and corner pavillion, and measures ^ se\\ent.v feet to the lower roof cornice, and \nto the apex of the Mansard roof eighty- - ^ *^ \n\nnine feel four inches, and to the lop of \nthe pavillion one hundred feet four inches. , ~"^ \n\nThe present Courier-Journal building was \ncommenced July 14, 1874, and \nwas conipleted and occupied on \nMay 16, 1S76. The cost of this \nmagnificent stniclure, includ \ning the ground on which it is \ncreeled, was over one-half mil- \nlion dollars ; and the pluck .ind \nner\\-e to put this large amount \nof money into a building de \nvoted in the main to newspaper \npurposes is fairly indicatn e of \nthe man who has made a pros \nperous and permanent success \nof the great newspaper of w Inch \nhe is the head. The fine busi \nness capacity, .skillful luanagL \ninent and untiring energj ol \nMr Walter N. Halderaan, Pres \nident of the Courier-Journal \nCompany, has made theCouner \nJournal the leading newspapti \nof the South, and one of IIk \nrepresentative journals of the \nUnited Stales ; and al.so one of \nthe best -pay ing newspaper \nproperties in the land. Much \nof the prosperity and national \nrepute of the Courier-Journal, \nhowever, is to be ascribed to \nthe political acumen and bril- \nliant writings of its editor, Mr. \nHenry Watterson, who is a \nleader among the journalists of \nAmerica, and who has done \nmuch to place the paper he \nedits with such marked ability \nin the foremost rank of the great newspajKi . .>. i..^ .,a> . In the selection of a plan for the Courier- \nJournal building, Mr. Haldeman, who has alwaj\'S lieen a strong advocate and friend of ever.\\\' measure tending \nto advance the prosperity and interests of the city of Louisville, did not confine him.self to what would \nsimply supply the necessan,- space and qualifications for business incident to the publication of a first- \nclas.<\' newspaper ; but, with a generous foresight and deservedly successful issue, he has succeeded in fur- \nnishing the city of Louisville with a magnificent arcliilectural structure, a monument alike to his good \ntaste and far-seeing judgment. Such a building, which may have served the purpo.ses of the Courier-Journal \nfor years, could have been erected far below the actual cost of this building ; but this alone was not sufficient \nto .satisfy Mr. Haldeman as to what the future should be of the representative journal of the South and South- \nwe.st, but with a liberality of means, as well as views, he erected a building upon a plan of unexcelled magnitude \n\xe2\x80\x94a building unsurpa.ssed for mechanical skill or artistic design. \n\n\n\n\nriLDIXG.\xe2\x80\x94 I.OVISNII.I.K. \n\n\n\n^)^ \n\n\n\n?^^-^-;^\' \n\n\n\n\n\\1, wh ,t I eitx It IS \' V ol\\ W 1 N ^ 1 Inmst to the point of i,lulaliy by its people, and \nktt;aclion. for the Msiting stran -e, h.tuated on the du-id.ng hne of the North and \nSouthern and jet distmctneh Northern Its cituens have the warm li^a^s and \ngenerous hospltaht^ of the Southland vvhile it has the go-ahead-ness, push and energ. \nthat belongs to the North I tlnnk peopk ^^as Bea\'s sageobser^\'atlon, after we \nhad been sho^^n .round the citv ^^ho h.^e fncn.ls to visit in Louisville ought \n\n\n\nwhich ha \nvSonth, it \n\n\n\n, a thousani\' \nis e-minenlh \n\n\n\n\nto be \\ er\\ happ\\ \\^^l^ , here we ha\\ e been ^ isitmg \nat the house of a friend and \\et\\\\e ha\\e been treated \n\xe2\x80\x94 like princes \' But even the unknow n stranger finds \nLouiSMlle pleasant enough, for the hotels are exeellent, and \ntheie is a \\\\ anuth and heart} genuineness about the inhabitants \n^ that IS reassuring There -was much in the city -which \n\\\\e found entertaining In the first place there was the town \nItself with Its fine Citj Hall, Court House and other public \nbuildin^rs while Fourth street has ^"^ charms that are unfading. It is one of the finest residence streets \nin America. Not only that, but it has a character of its own and on that account can not be compared to \nFifth Avenue, New York, or Commonwealth Avenue in Boston, or to the suburban drives of Clifton, adjoin- \ning my own Cincinnati. It is lined on either side by splendid residences, dwellings which for attraclive- \nness and magnificence have hardly a parallel on this continent. \n\n\n\nTliey arc all (lelached and surrounding them are lawns as smooth as landscape gardening can make them, \nand in the summer time they are bright with flowers. A double row of trees shades this grand thoroughfare and \nadds materially to its beauty. At the end of I\'ourth street are the grounds of\'the .Southern Exposition, which \nare well worth a visit. Hut I\'ourth street is not entirelj- given up to residences, as at its lower end it is a great \nplace for business, and many of the stores are remarkable for their size and the completeness of their appoint- \nments. The Courier-Journal OlTice is on this broad avenue, and above its main entrance is a statue of Prentiss, \ntile first great editor of the paper, whose mantle has fallen upon the shoulders of Henry Watterson. It is quite \na work of art and it is probable that your Louisville friends will tell you long stories of Prentiss\' wit and \noddities. Certainly they told Bea and myself so many, that if I were to attempt to repeat them, this book \nwould have to be enlarged to the size of Webster\'s I\'nabridged. Then of course before we left Louisville we saw \nthe Falls of Ohio, which give the name of the Falls City, and the great canal which has been built around them. \nIn high water steamlxiats go over the falls, but in low water this is altogether too dangerous a proceeding. \n\nAs to Louisville\'s enterprise and the extent of her manufacturing industries, I need say but little. Her \nthousands jf factories, great warehouses and extensive freight depots speak for me. They tell of her material \nprosperity and wealth, of her commercial greatness and progress. And as a railroad center she has no equal. \nShe lies midway between the Atlantic and the cities of the West, and is the geographical radiating point for \nthe lines of the North and the South. \n\nAnd now Bea and I, our visit at Louisville finished and my observations over, are en route again. This \ntime for Nashville, Tenn., with a stop over at Mammoth Cave. As we slowly make our way out of the city, the \ntrain passes the immense workshops of the L. & N., where an army of workmen are eniplo\\ed, and then after \npassing factories, and rows and rows of houses, we make our first stop at South Louisville, where the through \nPullmans from Cincinnati are taken on, and then we rapidly proceed on our way. It is a pleasant ride. At \nfirst the road leads through level farming lands, dotted with thrifty-looking houses in the midst of orchards \nand well kept fields. At Lebanon Junction, the Knoxville and Greensburg trains leave the main track. A \nfew miles further and the country changes. We run through rocky cuts and around the crests of hills \ngreen with cedar. Now we are crossing a loft\\- trestle beneath which flows a clear stream, and as the train \nwinds in and out we catch many a glimpse of bits of difficult and picturesque engineering. .Meanwhile the \nporter passes through the car, and Bea exclaims : \n\n"Look, brother mine, the porter is lighting the lamps in broad daylight. What is it for? " \n\nA moment after and we ninihle through a tunnel and the mystery of lighting the lamps at noon-day \nis explained. Had it not been done we would have Ixen left temporarily in total darkness. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2>\xc2\xab @lizaKsthtov/n ix" \n\nOne hundred and fifty-two miles from Cincinnati. This is the first important .stop after Louisville. It is a \nthriving place with many industries, and is also a countj- seat. \n\nBeyond Hlizabethtown the country grows more and more broken. Wooded "knobs," or shai-p pointed \nhills rise abruptly, serrating the horizon. The valleys make many turns and occasionally the land is flung aside \nby a bare crest of rock, whose jagged masses lie exposed upon the ground. It is a region in which Nature \nseems to have indulged her love for the unusual, and as Bea .stands at the rear door of the car and looks out \nupon the landscape, she remarks that the only thing necessan.- to complete it is a cave. And the cave is there \nin Mammoth Ca\\e, whose limitless caverns stretch awa>- in unknown and undiscovered vastness, and whose \nthousand beauties and unprecedented extent make it one of the wonders .of the world. It is reached from \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2>i<3 (3a US (3ity tx<- \n\nThis is a little village eight3--five miles from Louisville and one hundred and ninety-five from Cincinnati. \nEight miles to the west lies the cave which is reached by a stage ride, o\\er a road \xc2\xabhich reminds one of the \nhymn the colored folks sang at camp meeting. \n\n"Oh, de Jordan am a hard road to trabble." \n\nIt certainly is a rough road, but the tourist can paulon its discomforti^ as the .scenerv is new and \ncharming, and it gives him an appetite which is positively ravenous. But at the jouniey\'s end is an excel- \nlent hotel, a long, rambling, two-storied wooden structure, where the traveler is kindly cared for. A poet \nmight rave over the untold loveliness and unspeakable mvsteries of the cave, which is so rightly named \nMammoth, but I am no poet. Let me say that the half was never told. No guide-book c.in do the great \ncavern justice, and no one can speak too highl\\- of its wonders. I have never yet heard of a tourist who \nvisited Mammoth Cave and was disappointed. No m.itter how great may be one\'s anticipations they fall \nfar short \'of the glorious reality. Vou who visit the Cave can obtain volumes of information on the .spot \nand your guide, for no one is allowed to venture in the cave without a guide, fairly overflows with narratives \nof the underground reces.ses in which the torch makes a "dim, religious light," and even the most inquisitive \nfind in him all they can possibly wish to know. .\\n(l you who do not visit the Cave can have no adequate \nidea of its mar\\-els. \n\n\n\nAs to the expense of a trip to the wonderful cavern it depends altop;ether upon what the tourist is pleased \nto make it. The L. & N. sells tickets to the Cave and return, so the traveler can at all times proceed upon a \ncertainty. Not only this, but special rates can be made for parties and unusual inducements are offered in \nthis direction. The rates at the hotel are exceedingly reasonable, not being based upon the fashionable "water- \ning place " tariflf, and the e.xpense of a guide is trilling. Of course the larger the party the smaller the cxpen.se. \n\nBea and I were with a party of six others, making eight in all, and one guide answered for all of us. \n\nWe spent but a single day and a night at the Cave, and more time could liave been spent profitably in exploring \n\nthe mighty chambers which Nature has constructed with such massiveness in the very heart of the eternal hills. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Well, Rea," I said as we regained the light of day after the everlasting darkness of the Cave, " what \n\nimpressed you the most?" \n\n" Kver>thing impressed me. Let me see, there was the Rotunda, the Tea Table, the Gothic .V venue, the \nBottomless Pit. and that horribly dark and sullen river Styx, and then there was the Church with the I\'ulpit \nand Altar. I guess I was as much interested in tlie .story the guide told about the Church as in anytliing \nelse. It was about a beautiful young lady who promised her dying motlier that she would ne\\er wed an\\- man \nupon the face of the e.irth, and if .she broke her promise all her fortune would go to another heir. And when \nshe fell desperately in love, she came here with the man of her choice and was married with gorgeous pomp \nand ceremon_\\- in the Church. So she kept her word and her fortune, for she did not marr>- a man upon the \nface of the earth, but in its bosom. I guess that .story impres.sed me about as much as anything." \n\n.\\s Hea is a romantic young woman she is to be forgiven. But evervthing in the Cave is so man-elous \nand utterly strange that it is impossible to tell what plea.ses one the mo.st. As for myself there was nothing \nwhich did not chanu me. Hcho River is told by Emily Thornton Charles in charming verse: \n\n\n\nECHO RIVER-M.V.MM \n\n\n\n11 C.vVE \n\n\n\nSunbeams never mystic river \nNor the moonbeams, o\'er tliee quiver ; \nNot the faintest starlight gleam \nShines above thee, sombre stream. \nNight-enshrouded river Echo, \nMournful dirge so sadly low, \nLoudly clear, or soft and low, \nSinging as we gliding go \xe2\x80\x94 \nO\'er thy waters silent flow \nComes the echo\xe2\x80\x94" Lo ! " \nSee the shimmering shadows playing, \nBorn of torchlight\'s fitful swaying, \nCast upon the cavern wall- \nCast o\'er Echo River Hall, \n\nHear the echo call, \n\nAnswering echo\xe2\x80\x94 "All!" \n\nAnd the boatman, standing grimly, \nThrows a shadow weird, unseemly. \n\nOn the rocky space. \n\nStrangely out of place. \nAs it were a network ghastlj \xe2\x80\x94 " Lace!" \nBright-winged birds have never Hown \nO\'er thy waters dim and lone; \nShores of earth with flowers o\'ergrown- \nMossy banks, lo, thou hast none; \nOnly walls of solid stone \nBy the great Creator hewn\xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBy His powers alone, \nRound thy waters\xe2\x80\x94" Lone I " \n\nWavering shadows weirdly falling. \nSeem as spirits beckoning, calling, \nCalling through the echo voices. \nStrangely awed, our soul rejoices. \nAs \'twere voice from heaven calls us; \nHeavenly majesty enthralls us. \n\nNow from dome and wall surrounding, \n\'Gainst the massive rock resounding. \n\nHear the echo \n\nCome and go ! \nLong we Kaze in silent wonder. \nWe of earth Ihou\'rt gliding under \nThrough the rock reft wide asunder. \n\nO\'er thy watery depth rock-girten \nPlays the flickering light uncertain. \nSee o\'er dome and caverned hall \nTracery of mystic scroll, \nGod\'s underwriting on the wall, \nAll His work; His-" All I" \n\n\n\nHarken, now the voices singing. \nAll the echoes backward bringing. \nAs a grand triumphal ringing. \nEvery sense with rapture filling \nLike a thousand harp-strings thrilling\xe2\x80\x94 \nEvery breath to silence stilling \nJoy divine is o\'er me stealing. \nAnd a bliss profound \nEcho tells me\xe2\x80\x94 "Found " \nIn the echo sound. \nLong the sweet refrain will linger, \nAs the trace of fairy finger. \nRising now in fuller volume, \nAnsw\'ring from each arch and column. \nJoyous peals of music ringing, \nAs it were the angels singing. \nLoud, resonant, rising higher- \nMelody of heavenly choir- \nIs it this 1 hear? Say, is heaven near? \nThis the spirit sphere? List the echo\xe2\x80\x94 "F \n\nTo my mind this ti \n\nKnow I now by tliL \n\nWords that die will live again. \nAnd the grand resurgence rolling. \nAll my inner soul controlling. \nEchoes ever o\'er the river. \nStirs this thought within my brain \nAs long as a loudly-echoing strain: \nWords may die yet live again- \nFairy river, gliding, going \nThrough the cavern, winding, (lowing \nTo the wondrous realm beyond. \nHere my thirsting soul hath found \nPeace my longing soul had wanted ; \nouelled arc doubts that evetinie haunte \nThou has taught me more than sages \nBy thy rocky clifts of ages ; \nTaught me more than storied pages; \nLed me to the opening portal: \nProved the soul to be immortal; \nBrought of knowledge\'s mighty store \nHidden in mysterious lore : \n\n\n\n\n\n\nEchoing thoughts \nE\'re unto my mind recurring. \nEvermore this truth averring. \nThou hast taught by sure refrain \nEchoing dying words so plain, \n\nI shall die yet live again, \n\nDying be my \xe2\x80\x94 "Gain." \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nMELLBROUGH S HILL. \n\n\n\nAnd now we again turn our faces southward toward Tennessee and the inviting countr\\- that lies \nbe>-ond it. But the region through which we are passing is singularly picturesque, and the landscape is \nvaried and ever changing. One of the most lovelj- spots in all Kentuck\\- is Mellbrough Hill, which is \ncircled by the L. & N., and of which a charming and truthful sketch appears above. The artist took \nhis view of the hill from its base, where flows one of those clear, noisy, babbling streams so common in \nKentuckv. But in places the landscape is less bold and striking, and a softly undulating country is seen. \n\n\n\nwliich is ilotud Willi wliitc fanii lioiiscs. Sloiie walls diviili; the fieUls, which look particularly neat after a \ndreary monotony of rough rail fences. The region looks peaceful enough now, but once it was marched \nover and over by the contending anuies of the Blue and the Gray ; and many were the fierce skirmishes \nin this iniine<liate vicinity. And while on the topic of the "wah," as the colored people say, it might \n\n\n\nbe remarked that this branch of the I,. & N \naround Nashville and Chattanooga. The \nthe old iron rails and \n\n\n\n|)layed a great part in the campaigns \nid wasn\'t then what it is now, \nbut indifTerently-built road-bed \nere not at all condu.sive to \nfast time. It is said that \nupplies were over a week \nin going from Cincin- \nnati to Nashville. In \nthe first place they were \ntaken by river to Louis- \nthen the J- were \nloaded on the cars \nand started for \nXnsliville. What \n.\\ ilh bad rails, \ncrowded \ntracks \n\n\n\n\nOGDEN COI.I.KGE. \xe2\x80\x94 BOWLING GREEN, KV. \n\n\n\nf(.w swilchcs, and then the con- \nst itit fc irthat bridges had been bunied \nui tnck torn up, it was necessary- for \ntliL liains to crawl. When it is re- \niiKmbtied that at that time this was \nthe only trunk line running North and \nSouth through Kentucky and Tennes- \nsee, it can be seen at a glance that its \npossession was of the utmost import- \nance. Yet the traveler over the L. & X. \nto-daj^ finds no reminiscence of that \nfierce and bloody time. There is not \neven the last lingering vestige of war. Were he to ask the train men of the battles along the route, and \nof the way tlie road was utilized to carry the amuiiilioiis of war, it is probable that he would receive \n<)nl\\- the vaguest and most indefinite of answers. The_\\- may liave heard of such things, but they are already \nancient histor>- ; they are dead issues that are forever at rest. \n\nThe above institution reflects great credit upon Bowling Green, K>-. Ogden College was organized \nand established in 1877 a. n. by the liberal endowment of the founder, Robt. W. Ogden. The College is \nfor boys and 5\'oung men, and is fully equipped with an able faculty, and with all the usual means and \napparatus of a first-class college, and confers full collegiate honors. By the wise and munificent endowment \nof the founder, R. W. Ogden, and the bequest of John K. Robinson, education is offered free to any boy or \nyoung man fnini Kentucky, no charge of any kind being made, except a matriculation fee of five dollars per \nsession ; to students from any State other than Kentucky only a tuition fee of fifteen dollars per session. \n\n\n\n\nSOITHFRN NOI M\\l SL \nBOW I P \n\nIliib institution tliL SiutliLrn \\onnal School \nand Business College located in Bowling- Green \nIS the larcjest I^ormil School in the South and if \nit keeps on at its present rapid rate of growth i1 \nsoon surpass the lirgest school of its class in the \ntr\\ It^^as established in iS;^ and after a few ^e\'lls( t \ntrial and discouragement from those %\\ ho did not under \nstand the scope of the \\\\ork it entered upon a success, \nwhose genuine qualitj speaks for itself and so greath \nhas the Normal Department flourished that a Commer \ncul Depirtment Ins hecn added uid %ounj; people are ii \ngn en a thorough and pradtical business education \n\n\n\nA place dear to every Kentucky heart. And a charming little city it is. It is the home of many old \nfamilies, and many of its citizens have risen to distinction and national reputation. It is a place cherishing \ngenuine culture in its mid.st, and a home of education, as here is situated Ogden College and the Southern \nNormal Scliool, two institutions with a widely extended name for thoroughness and general excellence. \nThe little metropolis has a fine new Court House and a number of handsome churches. I say metropolis, \nand do so advisedly, for the thriving city has followed metropolitan ways and is supplied with all "modem \nimprovements." Its Water Works are admirable, and the green mound of the reser\\-oir. rising high above \nthe city, is a striking and beautiful object. Bowling Green is also conspicuous for its enterprise, and it \n\n\n\nhas a iiumlur of mills and iiianufactorifS. There is one handle factory alone, the handles being made of \nSoulhern hickory, renowned the world over for its exceeding loughness, which pays annually for slock and \nwages no less than \xc2\xa7200,000. The river which winds around the city is the Big Barren, a poor name for \na stream flowing through such a fertile land. And, speaking of the Big Barren, the question immediately \ncomes to the mind of the stranger as to how it was named. The answer is simple. When the carlj- settlers \ncame to this part of the State they found it treeless. All the rest of Kentucky was covered with beautiful \nand thick-growing forests ; but here it was a vast and wide-e.xtended prairie. It was covered with verdant \ngrass, and great herds of buflalo roamed through it. But tho.se old pioneers did not know that prairies \nwere rich and fitted for agriculture; and, becau.se there were no trees in the region they concluded that the \nsoil was too poor and sterile for trees to flouri.sh, and .so they called the place the " Big Barrens." That \nthey were very much mistaken in their ideas is shown by the fact that this part of Kentucky is as rich a \nsection as is to be found in the Stale. Vet still the name of Big Barrens sticks, just as the name of the \nBatterj- sticks to what was once the Battery in New York, though for years it has been nothing more \nthan a landing-place for immigrants. It has been prettv conclusively shown in recent years that the trees \nwere bunied ofl" of this region by an immense forest fire, kindled, as has been suggested, by the Indians, \nwho wished to turn it into a great meadow for the buflaloes. \n\nFour miles .south of Bowling Green is Memphis Junction, where the soulh-bouiid trains leave the main \ntrack for llie great cotton and commercial market on the Mis.sissii)])i ; Iml more of this in rinothcr clia])Ui. \n\n*\xc2\xab Rraqklin si* \n\nThis is a flourishing town just twenty miles from Bowling Creen, ;nid its rival. The people of the Iwo \nplaces are very jealous of each other, something after the manner of Si. I\'aul and .Minneapolis, hut it is a good- \nnatured, chivalric emulation. Franklin also has a good Court House, two e.\\cellcnt colleges and a number of \nthriving industries. When we left Franklin, Bea inquired of the Conductor when we would cross into Tennessee. \n\n" The State line," answered the man in the blue coat and silver buttons, " is between Mitchellville and \nRichland. The first town is in Kentucky and the .second is in Tennessee. No, there is no wall between the \nStates and it is pretty hard to tell where one leaves olT and the other begins." \n\nAnd Bea was ver\\- much disappointed when she found out there was nothing to mark the boundary of the \ntwo great States. There was much more timber to be seen in Tennesee than in the State which we had just \nleft, and when the pine woods of the North are exhausted, the lumber men will find a har^-est awaiting them \nhere. Already the lumber industrj- is very important, and it is increasing rapidly. \n\n->\xc2\xab Gallatin ^\'\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nThis was the first large town in Tennessee, and it is a thriving place, being an agricultural as well as a \nmanufacturing center. A very imperfect idea of the place can be got from the station, as it lies back from the \nrailway track, and trees and rising ground shut out the \\-iew. \n\nAnd now it is but a few miles further and we near Edgefield Junction, the country becomes more thickly \npeopled, and at last Bea points out a grand building which lifts its lofty cupola from the suinmil of a distant hill. \n\n" What is it .\' " she exclaims. \n\n"That\'s the Capitol of the State of Tennessee, Mum," replies the porter. \n\nAnd the great structure looms up more grandly as we approach it, while everywhere the factor\\- chimneys \nand great business blocks are to be seen. Edgefield is just across the Cumberland River from Nashville, and \nwhile it is a busy, bustling place, it might be called an " overflow " town. The train only stops a minute, and \nthen we are rolling across a splendid iron bridge, while the swift current of the Cumberland is far beneath us. \nIt looks narrow when compared to the Ohio at Loui.sville, but it is no insignificant stream, and the steamboats \nwhich ply upon it add many thousands of dollars yearly to Nashville\'s wealth. \n\n" But look," my sister cries and .she is raptly gazing out of the window, " look at the long sweep of the \nRiver between its high, steep banks. They are almost precipitous, and see the great hills in the distance which \nshut in the horizon. Oh, it is lovely ! Then just look at this Suspension Bridge in front of us which runs down \nhill. That\'s funny." \n\nAnd it does run down hill, for one bank is higher than the other. But I hardly have time to smile before \nwe are in the long depot at Nashville, and as we gather up our various belongings there is the metropolitan \ngreeting, " Cab. sir. cab. sir I this way to the bus ! Express, sir, carry your baggage to any part of the city," \nand so on. Ad infinitum. \n\n\n\nTliis line is three liundred and ten miles in k-n>jtli and passes through some of the finest land in \nall Kentucky- and Illinois. There is a constant succession of thriving towns along the route. Leaving \nNashville, the main line of the L. & N. is left at Edgefield Jundion, and the road runs, as a sailor would \nsa\\-, directly Northwest by North. Springfield is passed and the Guthrie, where the jMemphis road crosses \nthe track. The line now goes through that portion of Kentucky known as the "Barrens." It is not called \nthat because it is barren and sterile, but because of a queer mistake made by the early pioneers. The region \nwas a vast prairie, and they ignorantly supposed that there were no trees, as the \n\nsoil was too poor to bear tli^ \nwooded, while the richness \nprosperity of the region \nthat it is not barren, \nfive miles from \nthe Che-sapeake \nthe travek \nevidences \nin a coal \n\n\n\nL\\-er, the countr}\' is well \nhe farms and self-evident \n.ire sufficient evidences \nrtonville, ninety- \nNashville, where \n& Ohio crosses \nes marked \nthat he is \nregion. \n\n\n\n\nLong trains of \'\xe2\x96\xa0black diamonds" lie at the sidings, the coal shafts are to be seen, and as the train \nwhizzes through the cuts, the black strata are visible, pressed between the grav shale and rock. Henderson \nis fifty miles further on. It is a large, well-built town and a center of trade for all the countr\\- round. \nHere the new bridge, spanning the Ohio river at Henderson, Ky., is one of the finest structures of the \nkind in the country. Its length proper is 3,686 feet ; but the approaches, which are elevated on trestles to \nbe above high water, will make its length in all four and one-sixth miles. The bridge proper is con- \nsiderably shorter than the Louisville and Jeflfersonville bridge, which is 5,220 feet long- but which is, with \nIts graded approaches, only 7.750 feet in length. The Henderson bridge has the longest triangular tni.ss- \n\n\n\n.sij.in in the world IkIwclii Uie central piers, which allows 525 feet clear channel for steamers. The bridge \ncrosses the river from the center of the thriving cilv of Henderson, which has at present a population of \nalx>nt eight thousand, and which has Ijeen growing rapidl\\- during the past three >\'ears. Fonnerly the railroad \nconne<flion between IIenders<\xc2\xbbn and Evansville, on the Indiana shore, was made by transfer barges. The \nbuilding of the bridge will save alx)ut si.\\ hours of time between Chicago and Southern ])oints, and obviate \na tedious delay that has existed for many years. The distance by river is twelve miles, but the railroad \nroute between the two cities is now about fifteen. To accomplish this great piece of engineering required \nan immen.se outlay of money, which \\v:is supplied through the issuing of bonds ; the Ijonded debt thus con- \ntracl.eil aini)\\inting to two million dollars, while the stock debt is placed at one million. The cost of the \nbridge complete, including its approaches and \nthe oonnccling track, is placed at three million. \n\n\n\n\n^\xe2\x80\xa2\'Tt-t..c< \n\n\n\nE. WARD S SliMIN-.VUV FOR YOUNG LADIKS\xe2\x80\x94 N.VSHVILLE TKNN. \n\n\n\n.\\mong the long established educational institutions ot Xa.shvillc is W K. Ward\'s Scminar\\- for Young \nLadies, which has been in successful operation for the la.st twenty years Its location at No. 15 Spruce street \nis one of the most eligible in the city. The idea of the founder was that one of the great needs of the land \nis a more practical preparation of the daughters of our countr\\- for the real duties of life, and in supplying \nthis want the Seminary has been created. Its success has been phenomenal. Recently it has been found \nnecessar>- to add another building, four stories in height, which is connected with the old edifice, and is \nlighted with gas and heated b>\' a common fire- proof furnace. This school has no sympathy with co-edu- \ncational ideas. It is pre-eminently a school for girls and everything in it is adapted to them and to their \nspecial educational needs. In this way the Faculty think that the best results may be obtained, and they \nbend all their energies in accomplishing this end. \n\n\n\n\nOME people," \nI observed to \nBea after we \nhad pretty thoroughly "done" Nash- \nville, "find vers- little interesting in \na modern, wide awake, live American \ntown. I suppose they think they are \ntoo ever} -day ish, too new and all of a \npiece to have anj-thing in them worth \nseeing. Now, what do you think?" \n"I think Nashville is just too \nlo^ely. I don\'t know anjthing about \ntill- ever\\-dayishness, as you call it. \nbut I am sure we have found it verj- \nmteresting. \' \' \n\n"Just too lovely" is a woman\'s \nexpressive way of saying that some- \nthmg is delightfulh- charming, and \nBea hit the nail on the head exactly \nwith vL-ard to Xashvilk-. I suppose most tourists like ouisc \\ es urst Msit the Capitol. As we walked up \none of The hillv avenues leading to the building %se passed an old fashioned Southern house, with a great \nveranda upheld\' by Corinthian piUais. There ^^as nothing particularly remarkable m the house, unless it was \nits venerable aspect, but in the garden in front was a marble monument. There was a great stone platform in \nthe center of which was a huge white block of marble, while four beautiful carved pillars supported a massive \nroof. We gazed at it from the street, then entered the gate, above whose iron posts is perched the American \nEa<\'le and coming near the monument we read that " Beneath this .stone rests the body of James Knox Polk \nTenth President of the U. S." This is engraved upon one side of the block in the middle of the platform, and \nupon the other side is an inscription brieflv .summarizing the life of the distinguished Tennesseean. This \nmodest house was his home, where his widow still dwells, and he went from here to the White House. \nHere he returned to end his days and here in the ver>- .shadow of his own home and the State Capitol where \nhe finst won distinction, he will sleep until the "heavens are rolled together as a .scroll." \n\nThen we passed on to the Capitol which crowns a high hill encircled b>- the city. It is a tremendously \nlar-e .stone edifice and ever%- side is the front. That is, there is no distinction, as each of the faces of the \nbuildings is complete, and all alike have a high, pillared portico, which is reached by massive steps. Immedi- \natelv about the Capitol is a prettv park, with wide flagged walks and occasional fountains, while on one of the \nlower levels, for the park is arranged in a series of rising plateaus, is a statue of Tennessee\'s most distinguished \nson. also a President of the United States, Andrew Jackson. It is an equestrian statue of "Old Hickor>-. \'and \nit is identically like his statue on Pennsvlvania Avenue, Washington, and the one in Cathedral Square, New \nOrleans In fact all three statues were cast in the same mold. It is fitting that the statues should be in \nNaslu-ille where he sensed his State in various capacities ; in New Orieans, which he so successfully defended \nin the war of 1812 \xe2\x80\xa2 and in Washington where he governed the nation and uttered the famous words which have \nsince become historical : "The Union must and shall be preser^\'ed ! " This is the thrilling sentence engraved \nupon the pedestal above which the hero\'s steed is rearing in a very warrior-like .style. \n\n\n\n"Ainln.\\v l<)i>ks vi.T\\- miK-li as if hu was j^oin^r t<> slip over liis horse\'s tail," said Hea, as she L-xaiiiined \nthe statue. "llusiil" 1 exclaiiiieil ; "that is a work of art. \' \n\n"Well, it looks that way, anyhow," she replied, with a woinan\'s inborn persistence. \n\nAnd while speakiny; of the most famous of Tennessee\'s sons, it is well to pause before his statue, in \nthe shadow of the Capitol, and take a hurried glance at his career and the growth of Nashville in and since \nhis life-time. He came here in 17S8, as public prosecutor of the Superior Court of the Western District of \nNorth Carolina. (Tennessee then had no separate existence.) He was a young man, having just passed \nhis twenty-first birthday, and Nashville was a wild frontier settlement, wliich was daily menaced by hostile \nIndians. It was in facl nothing but a collection of log ctbins, with one larger and more commodious than \nthe rest were. Court was held, and it took its name from one Nash, an early settler, whose dwelling stood \non one of the high blufTs overlooking the town. As yet the territon*- was only a district of North Caro- \nlina ; and there is a tradition that when the convention met at Kno.wille in 1796, to frame a constitution \nfor the State of Tennessee, Jackson ])roposed that the newly-made member of the Union should bear the \nname of the river flowing through it. Certain it is that before that time the territory was never railed \nby that name, and Jackson may as well have the credit for its felicitous title as any one else. As public \nprosecutor Jack.son was a success. And it required a man of nerve and vigor to bring criminals to justice. \nIn the first place all the western counties of North Carolina were in a state of anarchy, resulting from the \nill-starred attempt to set up the independent vState of Franklin ; and then the constant warfare between the \nwhites and Indians made men reckless of human life and regardless of the rights of others and the duties \nof civilization. But Jackson had been bred among frontiersmen : he was one of them and he knew how to \nmanage them. He made a name for himself, and was sent as the first representative to Congress. In 1797 \nhe was made a Senator to fill an unexpired term, and but a year later he resigned. Almost immediately he \nwa-> made Jud.ge of the Supreme Court of Tennessee (Jackson believed in holding ofiices, and plenty of them), \nand in iSoi he was elected Major-general of the State Militia. It was this last position which gave him \nthe opportunity to make himself famous. When the second war with England broke out he offered his \nservices; and in 1813 he set out for New Orleans at the head of two thousand five hundred enthusiastic \nfrontier volunteers. He was ardent in the undertaking, and glowingly wrote to the Secretary of War that \nhis men were not troubled with "constitutional scruples," but would, if directed, plant the American eagle \non the walls of Mobile, Pensacola and St. Augustine, the main Spanish strongholds in this country. The \nfirst important action in which he was concerned was in the attack on the murderous Creek Indians at \nHickory Ground, which is at the meeting of the Coosa and Tallapoosa Rivers. The red men were origin- \nally defeated, and afterward Fort Jackson was erected on Hickory (Irouud, which may perhaps account fof \nthe Oeneral\'s popular nickname. vShortly after this brilliant exploit Jackson was made a major-general in \nthe regular army, and from this time his career may be said to have begun. The Government at Washington \nwas badly demoralized, the capital itself had been captured by the British, and Jackson could neither get \nassistance nor orders. He marched to Mobile, defeated the Eugii.sh who fled to Pensacola. He followed \nthem, stormed the town which the .Spaniards surrendered after a weak resistance, and then he hurriedly \nmarched to New Orleans. The story of the battle of New Orleans is known to every school-boy ; and vet \nloyal Americans, who take delight in their country\'s glories, are never tired of hearing it again. The \nEnglish blundered, and their two divisions fired into each other; then they attacked Jack.son\'s hastily-built \nbreast-works of sand and cotton bales, and found that their cannon balls were powerless to batter them \ndown. The red coats advanced in long lines, and every shot the frontier soldiers fired brought its man ; \nwhile the ammunition of the British was fired either into the air or the cotton bales. In brief, the mag- \nnitude of the victory is summed up in the statement that the British lost two thousand killed and wounded, \nwhile the Americans had six killed and seven wouuded. Instanth- Jackson was the popular hero \xe2\x80\x94 his praises \nwere in the mouths of all. Well might he have said, after Byron\'s egotistical style, that he marched away \nfrom Nashville unknown, and marched back to find himself famous. \n\nIn a little more than ten years he was President of the United States. He was chosen as the \nchampion of reform, though exactly what needed to be reformed is very hard to tell. But he set energetic- \nally about what in modeni phrase would be "turning the rascals out ;" and he made removals and appointed \nhis political friends to place and power in a manner wliich caused the heads of the sober-minded, slow- \ngoing statesmen of the day to spin. "To the victors belong the spoils" was his maxim: and ever since \nhis administration it has rung through American history with a continued protest from the party that is on \nthe outside. This principle has been carried out by the Democrats and Republicans ; and it is only in \nthese later days that civil service laws and the plan of competitive examinations threatens to do away with \nthe time-honored spoils system. During the first year of Jackson\'s tenn as President he removed four \nhundred and twenty -nine postmasters and two hundred and thirty-nine other officers, and. as the new \napix)intees changed all their clerks, deputies and attaches, it is estimated that nearly three thousand oflice- \nho\'idcrs lost their places. Up to that time the civil service had been looked upon as only moderately profit- \nable, but a safe and permanent occupation. Washington, during his two tenns as President, only removed \nnine persons from office; John Adams ten, and one of these was a defaulter; JeflTerson, thirty-nine; JIadison \nfive, and three of the.se were short in their accounts ; Monroe nine, and John Quincy Adams two, both for cau.se. \nThen came Jackson and his ideas about office-holding and office-holders, which were startling innovations. \nFrom 1787 to 1829 there were 74 removals from Federal office. "Old Hickorv-" beat this record in a month. \n\n\n\nAfter his inauguration the capital saw what has since become a very familiar sight\xe2\x80\x94 an invasion of \nhungr>- office-seekers. They came in vast numbers, and their claims for place were based upon the fadt \nthat they had been "workers" in the cause and deser^\xe2\x96\xa0ed all that party success could give them. This was \nthe view that the President took of the matter, and his friends never had to complain that their services \nwere not recognized and rewarded. Naturally, the administration strengthened itself wonderfullv, and Jackson \nwas never more popular\xe2\x80\x94 among his admirers\xe2\x80\x94 than when his first term came to an end. He was enthusias- \ntically re-elected, and four years later was able to name his successor\xe2\x80\x94 Van Buren. In 1836 he returned to \nNashville, after having been Chief Magistrate of the nation for eight jears. He was received with all \npossible marks of attention and affection. His home was the "Hermitage," a country place about nine miles \ncast of the city; and it became the Mecca for political pilgrims. Up to the day of his death, in 1S4S, he \nwas bothered and pursued b>- office-seekers, who wished to obtain letters of recommendation from him. \nAnd his body still rests at the Hermitage. The tomb is of white marble, made after the style of the \nRoman Temple of \\esta, which stands immediately adjoining the old house. Bea and I made a pilgrimage \n\n\n\n\nto the spot and found that it was a vastly enjoyable visit. Eversthing about the place is as Jackson left \nit ; some of the old servants are still there, while the relics are innumerable, and all of them are interesting. \n\n"This is really as good as going to school and learning American history," said Bea, after I had told \nher this long story about Andrew Jackson. \n\nIn fact the man who goes over the L. & N. with his eyes open finds that he runs across a good deal \nof the most interesting American historj-. And speaking of histors-, Nashville saw some very exciting \nscenes during the late war. It was in 1862, and General Albert Sidney Johnston occupied the city with his \narmy. Young, brave and chivalric, he was immensely popular, and the personal magnetism of the man \ndrew many to his side of the struggle. All was going well, and the soldiers were reveling in the delights of \ncity life. Suddenly came the news that Fort Donnelson had fallen, and Grant, with his overwhelming army, \nwas on the march to Nashville. Instantly Johnston withdrew, adjourning the Legislature to meet in IMem- \nphis. The day was Sunday, yet the churches were empty, while the streets were filled with excited crowds. \nThe property of those preparing to flee was piled on the sidewalks, and by and by the throng degenerated \ninto a plundering mob. It was a terrible time, and law gave place to anarchy. Then Grant came, martial \nlaw was temporarily declared, and Andrew Johnson was made JMilitars- Governor of the State. The City \nCouncil refused to take the oath of allegiance to the United States, and the Governor, enraged, at once \nremoved them from office. The mayor was also obstinate, and he was summarily arrested. But what need \nto enter into details? That is all over, thank heaven! \n\n\n\nLet us return to the live, energetic city of to-day\xe2\x80\x94 a city filled with fresh, live blood, and teeming with \ncnterpri.se, and which is in every way representative of what writers call the "New South." Like all other \nvisitors, we greatly admired the splendid proportions of the Capitol. \n\nAs I said before, it is a noble stone structure and its corridors and halls are all of stone. The Supreme \nCourt happened to be in session when we made our visit, and we entered the Court room and saw the venerable \njudges sitting in a row, while lawyers and litigants were ranged around. But the most interesting place in \nthe Capitol is the Library where is stored the collection of curios of the Tennessee Historical Society, and \nhere the visitor can .spend hours profitably and pleasurably. There are all kinds of interesting things to be \nseen from Daniel Boone\'s rifle, to the rough hickory chairs with which Andrew Johnson began housekeeping. \nThen there are battle flags, tattered and torn with many a long campaign, and ever>- one of them has a hi.storj-. \n\xe2\x80\xa2 I think these old silk dresses of the pioneer mothers of the vState are more interesting than the flags," \nobserved Bea. with a shocking lack of patriotism for which I .sternly reproved her. \n\nBut tile flags tell a stor>- of their own and beneath their folds are ranged the portraits of many of the \nfamous men of Tennes.see. One of the pictures which catclies the visitor\'s eye is that of Parson Brownlow. who \nduring the war and immediately after it was as much hated as he was loved. He was a Knoxville, Tenn.. editor \nat the outbreakinig of the war, and was a great I\'nionist and fiery Abolitionist. He made his paper a compound \nof lightning .\'ind brimstone, and very naturally he was prai.sed on the one hand and unstintedly abused on the \nother. After the war he was made Oovenior of Tennessee, and it was while at the head of the State Cioveni- \ninent that his picture was painted and hung in the Library. There are always a number of men, usually lawyers, \nhere consulting books, and there is a hushed air about the place as in a church and the visitor goes about with \nmuffled steps. When at last we had exhau.sted the curio.sities of the Library we climbed up the lofty stone stair- \ncase leading to the Cupola. I .say climbed, for it is a veritable climb. \n\n"It reminds me of going up Bunker Hill Monument," I said as we toiled round and round mounling the top. \n\n" Oh, dear," sighed Bea, " why don\'t they have an elevator? " \n\nBut the climb is well repaid by the glorious view that breaks upon the eye of the visitor from the toj). \nNa.shville lies at his feet, even the church spires being far beneath him ; in the distance the tawny stream of the \nCumberland divides the landscape, while all around the horizon is closed by the jagged hills. \n\n" On nearly all ofthe.se hills," said one of the officers of the building who had accompanied us, " are the \nremains of earth-works and fortifications. During the war Xashville was fairl\\- circled with rifle pits, batteries \nand forts. And part of the time there were gun boats on the river. The fighting hereabouts was desperate and \ndetermined. " \n\n" Many of the old soldiers are still living here ? " I asked. \n\n"Oh, yes, the town is full of old soldiers. I\'nion and Confederate, living next door to each other like \nbrothers. People up North have to come South to realize how thoroughly the war is over and its savage \nmemories forgotten. The country- all around Nash\\ille during the war was made desolate, but now >ou would \nnever know that battle and fire had ever done their work." \n\nTo the South we could see the red brick buildings and si)acions grounds of \\"anderbilt University, a \nwonderfully flourishing institution which was founded and endowed by the late Commodore \\\'anderbilt. And \nnow let those who say that railroad kings and millionaire monopoli.sts. as they call them, never use their money \nfor the public good, be still. To the South-ea.st is the University of Xashville, and lo the West rise the stately \nbuildings of Fisk University. This is for colored men. \n\n" That\'s Jubilee Hall," said our escort, as he pointed to the larger of the buildings of Fisk University. \n\n"Jubilee Hall !" exclaimed Bea, smilingly. \n\n" That name strikes most visitors as mighty peculiar. Vou see part of the money to build it was raised \nby the Jubilee Singers, and that\'s how it got its name." \n\nThere can also be .seen the Tennes.see Penitentiar\\-, which Bea and I afterward visited and enjoyed as much \nas a Penitentiary can be enjoyed, and the Custom House and Post OlTice. a splendid new structure. \n\n" This is a grand view," was all Bea said after drinking in the heaut_\\- of the scene, and her words are as \nfull of meaning as a chapter. \n\nIn going about the business portion of Xashville one realizes more than ever what a great city it is, and \nhow varied are its industries. It is the distributing point for an immense territory and yearly it is extending its \ntrade and increasing its manufactories. Xo one can ever accuse Xashville of being behind the times. The city \nis progressive, and is metropolitan in every thing. \n\nIt is a very closely-built town, and has more the air of the North than the South\xe2\x80\x94 that is, the \nbuildings are not detached and have no suggestion of Grecian architecture about them. One of the finest \n-structures is the new post oflice, which is as charming and beautiful as can be imagined. It stands "at the top \nof quite a ridgy hill, and its lofty situation adds materially to the architectural effect. Here it is, in the after- \nnoons, that the Nashville young ladies come on a promenade; and one man who would dare to suggest that they \nare not altogether lovely has not yet been born. " But, as a matter of fact, the new post office, which contains \nthe other Federal ofiices, is exceedingly convenient and well arranged. Few Government buildings in the \ncountry make a better showing ; and it was built within the amount appropriated by Congress. \n\nBut I must not forget to say that before Bea and I left Nashville we took a hurried trip to the Meade Farm \nand saw the blooded stock. There are some famous horses here, and elsewhere about the city are great stock \nforms. Buyers come from all over the countPi\' and the stockman can find what he wants, be he ever so particular. \n\n\n\nof the most noticable things in connection \nwith the L. & N. is the great number of \ncolleges and seminaries along its line. Al- \nK most everj\' town has a college and thei- \nsm are universally institutions of worth and \n__^ standing. Of course the most noted \namong them is N\'anderbilt University \nit \\ -ish\\ die w hich is not only known \nIhunuhout Tennessee and the South, but \nthroughout the entire country. The site \nof the Lni\\ersit\\ is magnificent. It \nhas se\\e^t^ fixe acres of land on \ngentU rising ground to the w-est \nof Nash\\ ille -md the elevation \nIS the same as that of Capitol \nL-**^ Hill Bj far the most strik- \n\ning feature of the landscape seen \nfrom the top of the Capitol, \nis the Universit>- and the \nrk-like campus \nlich stretches \n. \xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\x9e-=-=.\xe2\x80\x9e .-.-, -iround it, and \n\n\n\n\nwhile the mlw \nfrom this lottx \n"coign of \nvantage is \ngrand, it is not \ndistance alone \nwhich lends en- \nchantment to the vii. V \nfor the nearer one \npreaches the more he reali/os \nthe extent and beaut\\ of the \nUniversity grounds, and the \nsubstantial excellence and archi \nteCtural fitness of the building \nAbove them all is the mair \nture, or University Hall, \ngrand entrance on either side \nrise two massive towers. Then there \nare Wesley- Hall, a building of splendid \nproportions which is used for the Theo \nlogical Department; Science Hall with its \\aku.d \nmuseums, drawing and lecturing room^ whik in \nthe basement is the steam plant which heats all \nthe buildings. The obser\\\'ator\\- is the best in the \nSouth and the apparatus is very fine. The me- \nridian-circle room occupies one wing, with the \nusual roof and horizon shutters. The equatorial \n\npier, built on a .solid rock foundation, extends to the floor of the dome, free from connection with the building, \nwhere it receives the cast iron base of the equatorial mountings. The dome is hemispherical, and revoh-es \non a cur\\\'ed track, the motion being easily imparted by a traveling hand-gear. By means of a light windlass \nthe shutter is opened by sliding it through the zenith. A tower in the north wing, with a revolving turret, \n\n\n\nV.\\NDERBn,T UNIVERSITY. \n\n\n\nis occupied by the geotklic altaziinutli instrument. An electric clock in the tower, for use with this instrument, \nis connected by wire with the Uent sidereal clock in the meridian-circle room. A lower north window is \nprovided with an exterior shutter-cage for the meteorological in.struments, while the computing-rooms are on \nthe first floor. The gymnasium has not yet been mentioned nor the nine Professors\' houses, which are located \nabout the grounds, to comply with the conditions of convenience and taste, and an equal number of dwellings \nfor the Janitor, Superintendent of Grounds, and other employees of the I\'niversity. Then the Medical and \nDental Colleges are in Nashville, making altogether as complete and lhun>u.i;li an educational institution \nas can be found in America. \n\nA word or two alxjut the history of the college may not be out of plaee. It was founded in 1873, by \nthe late Conielius Xanderbilt, of New York, who on the 27th of March in that year, made it a gift of \n$500,000, which was soon afterward increased to \xc2\xa71,000,000. Seven years later Mr. William H. X\'anderbilt \nmade a special donation of $150,000, which was expended in building Wesley and Science Halls and the \nGymnasium. But this is not Mr. W. II. Vanderbilfs only gift, as in July, 1.SS3, he gave $100,000 which \nwas to be added to the pennanent endowment of the University. Thus, through the munificence of one \nfamily this splendid l"niversit>\' has been finnl_\\- established and its future greatness has been put beyond the \nshadow of a doubt. It is growing and flourishing, and as an indication of its influence it may be stated \nthat last vear no less than 499 students were enrolled at the University, coming from twenty-five States of \nthe Union and from Anuenia, China, Kngland, Gennany and wScotland. \n\nThe great attention which is being paid to education is one of the features of "the New South." \nThere was a time when the sons and daughters of Southern families were sent abroad to be educated, but \nnow this is no longer the case. There are excellent colleges and schools at home, and the South is doing \nits own education. \n\nWe were not at all willing to leave Nashville when the time came for our departure, and as the train \nslowly steamed out of the cit\\- we kept our eyes fixed upon the lofty and beautiful Capitol, until a sudden bend \nand a high embankment hid it from our sight. Just beyond the city we crossed the tracks of the Nashville, \nChattanooga and St. Louis R. R., and then we went on at the usual lightning express speed. \n\nTwenty miles south of Nashville is the old and .solid town of Franklin, in front of which runs the stream, \nnig Ilarpeth. The place has a substantial air of repose about it, and it is po.sse.s.sed of two colleges. \n\n\' There are cotton bales piled up at the depot," said a fellow traveler as he pointed to a great barricade of \nthem, which were delivered here from the faniis where the cotton grew. \n\nIn fact we had\'fairly entered the great "cotton belt," and as we proceeded South, cotton fields, a strange \nsight to Northeni e3-es, grew more and more frequent. \n\n" Cotton is King," said Bea, as we whizzed by a cotton field much larger than usual. \n\n" Yes," put in a fellow touris-t, "but corn, wheat and tobacco, and in fact iron and coal are all members of \nthe ro\\al family, and each is striving for the supremacy. \n\n" But cotton is King," persisted that obstinate sister of mine. \n\n" Well, perhaps," said the other. " Certainly it is more king now when it is made into cloth and thread \nright here in the factories of Nashville, than when it had to be shipped across the ocean to make it useful." \n\nAnother twenty miles and the famous old town of Columbia is reached. \n\n" Here it was," said I to Bea, " that President Polk began life. He started as a lawyer and his oflfice was \nin a delapidated old log cabin, the picture of which is to be seen in the State Library of Nashville." \n\nColumbia is a very old place and it has a reputation for business enterprise as well as for its educational \nadvantages. The Athenaum and the Columbia Female Institute are both situated here, and if the tourist is as \nfortunate as Bea and myself were, he will see a crowd of red-cheeked laughing girls at the depot, awaiting the \narrival of one of the companions. At this point the Nashville and Florence R. R. starts off for Mt. Pleasant \n<ind Sandy Hook, and over its rails is hauled the product from the iron furnaces of Lawrence and Wayne, \nCounties. And now the road runs south through a magnificent country. The scenery- a trifle monotonous, \nperhaps, but affording many glimpses of the life of the people who live away from the centers of civilization \nand events. There are log cabins by the track, and the women and children come crowding to the door as the \ntrain goes past. These are the " poor whites," not unknown to fame, and they are an interesting study. But \nthe railroad helps them along and there is no excuse for remaining " poor " however much the accident of birth \nmay affect them. Eighty miles from Nashville, or three hundred and seventy-five miles from Cincinnati is \nPulaski, a wide-awake manufacturing town and the .seat of Giles Male College. \n\nThree miles beyond the little town of Prospect is the State line, which is only marked by a .small station, \nat which our train did not stop, and .so we dash into Alabama like a conquering anny on a charge. Soon we \npass Elkmont, where are situated the "Chalybeald Springs," whose waters are held in high repute for their \nmedicinal virtues. It is a ver\\- picturesque locality and some day nmy develop as a watering place. As it is, \nit is much frequented. Then there is another stretch of "poor whites " who disappear as we approach Athens, \na thriving town. Harris is simply the crossing of the Memphis and Charlestown Railroad. A mile or two \nbeyond we crossed the Tennessee River, which is rolling on to Pittsburg Landing and past the memorable \nfield of Shiloh. The bridge is a draw and is a noble structure. On the .southern bank of the river is Decatur, \na place who.se situation will necessarily make it a commercial, and in all probability a manufacturing center. \nAs soon as the Muscle Shoals are deepened, the carrying trade on the river, which is already large, will \nvastly increa.se. Decatur is fortunate in not only having the great trunk line of the I,. iS: N. pass through \n\n\n\nit, hut in also having the East Tennessee, Virginia and r.eorgia Railroad visit it. A few miles hej-ond \nDecatur and the country changes. It is very much broken, high clifls and steep rocky gorges being the \ncharadteristics of the scenerj-. This is the beginning of the great iron and coal fields of Alabama, one of the \nrichest mineral regions in the world. The possibilities of this country are as j-et scarcely dreamed of, though \nyear by year, capital and labor, animated by enterprise, are developing its resources. Just beyond "Sand \nMountain," which is a marked locality in the industrial progress of Alabama, is \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2\xc2\xbb\xc2\xab (Pullman\'s e>!* \n\nThis is, or was originally, a German colony, and it is named for its founder. A few years ago and it was like \nmuch of the rest of the country adjacent, bare and unimproved, but now it has been made to blossom as \nthe rose. In fact it is a pretentious little city witli a Cuiiit Il.nis. . dmn In-, li-bN, imiK, faaorics of various \nkinds, a potter\\-, and even that \ninvaluable adjundt of modern \ncivilization \xe2\x80\x94 a brewery. Its \nhouses are models of neatness \nand comfort, and almost invar- \niabh" thej- are surrounded with \nbeds of flowers. This is the \nplace for the emigrant and the \nstranger to the iron and coal \ncountry to get his first impres- \nsions of the locality. \n\nSouth of Cullman\'s the coun- \ntry is rough and wild, and the \ntrack goes through mountain \ngorges and pretty valleys. \nThen all at once, in the very \nmidst of the mountainous up- \nlands, we come to \n\nI^Iouqt Springs, \n\nwhich is four hundred and sev- \nenty miles from Cincinnati, and \none hundred and sevent}--five \nmiles from Nashville. Here are \nthe finest sulphur and mineral \nsprings in America, invaluable \nin the cure of certain diseases \nThe air is a bracing tonic , and \nthere are beautiful and romantic \nwalks and drives without num \nber, which invite to out door \nexercise, and assist matenalh \nin the up-building of the ph} s \nical man. The people of the \nGulf Coast and of the South \ngenerally come here in num \nbers, and the number of the \nNorthern visitors is steadiU \nincreasing. Hotel and cottage \naccommodations are all that \nthe most fastidious could desire \nIt is no barren wilderness; \nbut all that makes life pleasant \nabounds, and the society is alvva^\xe2\x80\xa2s of the best. It is to be remembered that not the invalid alone comes to \nBlount Springs, but the mere pleasure seeker and inquisiti\\-e tourist as well. The springs bubble up from \ntheir eternal reser\\-oirs in the hills, not far from the hotel, and their rocky basins are shaded by forest trees. \n\n"These springs," remarked a healthy and robust-looking invalid to Bea, "are great institutions. I \nam the living embodiment of \'after taking;\' but if 3-011 had seen me \'before taking,\' you\'d have thought \nI was the living skeleton escaped from some dime mu.seum." "Not so bad as that," I put in. \n\n"Well, not quite as bad, of course; but I was really nothing but skin and bone. The rest, the fare \nand the waters have built me up. I drink several gallons a day ; in fact, I am a regular old toper, and \ntake my drinks as regularlv as I take my meals, and a deal oftener." \n\n\n\n\nS.iXD MOUNTAIX. \n\n\n\nThe waters nrc especialh- good in all troubles of the kidneys, bowels, liver, and the complications \ngrowing from them. They absolutely drive away a bad complexion and make rosy cheeks and velvet skin \nmore pennanent than all the "Lily White" and " Hloom of Youth" which ever was invented. \n\nAs I remarked previously, the surroundings of Ulount Springs are beautiful. The .scenery is charm- \ningly varied, and among the attractions of the locality is even to be numbered a trout stream. Within a \nfew miles are a number of extensive caves, rich with stalactites and ponderous staglamites, and one of them \nhas ,1 mysterious undergroiiud stream flowing silently through its dark recesses. The "blowing .spring," \nwhich is only a mile distant from the hotel, is always interesting. \n\nSouth of Ulount Springs the evidences that this is a great mining country increase. Coke ovens \nand smelting furnaces are frequent, while great piles of coal and reddish iron ore are at the railroad \nswitches awaiting shipment. Even the soil is red with the superabundant iron : and when it rains the \nwater rushing down the hillsides is almost vennillion. The evidences that the earth is being made to yield \nup its treasures increase, until at last we rcich \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2\xc2\xbbK I^irrninpham \xc2\xbb<\xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nthe very center of the iron and coal interests of Alabama. "\\Vh\\!" ob.served Ika. after we had had a \ngood look at the "Magic City." as they call it; Hinningham looks more like an Ohio town than a \nSoutheni place." \n\nAnd, in fact, Birmingham is not distinctively Southern in its architecture. It is almost entirely Vmilt \nof brick, many of the business blocks and residences being as fine as can be found anywhere : and there is \nan air of settled prosperity and push about the city that impresses the new-comer. Binningham has not \nonly a great present, but it is certain of a magnificent future. No wonder it is called the "Magic City." \nAt the clo.se of the war it hardly had an existence. Now it is a city, and its population and wealth is \nmore than doubling every five years. All about it is an abundant supply of iron, coal and timber; and the \niron and coal do not lie deep in the bowels of the earth, as is the case with the English mines, but it \neverj-where crops up above the surface. As one old miner said: "It is visible to the naked ej-e." The \nstory that a man can take a pick, shovel and wheel-barrow, and go out in the backward and dig out his \nsupply of winter coal, is literally true. They tell a little incident here that is characteristic. An Eastern \ncapitali.st had purchased a large tract of land near Birmingham, and he came South to look at it. \n\n"Why," he said to the seller, "I thought there was a mine npon it 1" \n, "Oh, that\'s all right," responded the other. "Here, JohnI" and he called his son: "go and di.scover \n\nthree or four coal and iron mines for this gentleman." \n\nThis is not as big as it .seems at first sight, for the hills which encircle the cit\\- are actually filled willi \niron and coal. The veins of coal in the neighborhood are from one to eight feet thick, and the quality of the \narticle is unexcelled. Side by side with the iron and coal is found the purest and best limestone, while the \nhills above are clothed with the finest timber in the land. With such a wealth of resources, it is little \nwonder that Birmingham has so increased. On account of its great rolling mills, furnaces, foundries and \nmachine-shops, it is sometimes called the Pittsburg of the South ; and I think that its marvelous growth \nand enterprise demand that it also be called the vSouthem Chicago. A branch railroad runs from the town \nto the famous Pratt mines, which turn out nearly two thousand tons of coal per day. The L. & N. has on \nthis line of road a grant of 517,000 acres \xe2\x80\x94 all of it splendid mining land \xe2\x80\x94 scarcely a third of which has yet \nbeen touched. Those who know told nie that land in Pennsylvania, which would cost hundreds of dollars \nper acre, can be purchased here for a mere song. The L. & N. holds its land for sale, and, as it wishes \nto attract capital to the spot, its demands are extremely modest. \n\nIt is here that the Northern visitor will, in all probability, first feel that he is in the genial .South. \nWhen we left Cincinnati it was cold and everything was frozen luinl, while here the air was balmy and \ns])nng-like. Bea was compelled to lay aside her jacket, and she even wished that her heav\\- winter gown \ncould be changed for one of lawn. \n\nBeyond Birmingham the road runs through a beautiful country. It is very much broken up, and \nthere is much to see that is decidedl\\- novel. The pine woods have a spicy fragrance about them, and the \nground beneath is as smooth as velvet. \n\n"I would give a great deal to take a stroll through the woods and walk on the pine needles," said \nBea. But the train rushed on and she must be satisfied to use her eyes alone. \n\nAt Oxmoor, six miles bej-ond Birmingham, are two large iron furnaces, and in all of the ])laces \nhereabouts are smoking furnaces and great saw mills, with their miniature mountains of sawdust and \nbroken boards. \n\n"I don\'t think anyone ever told me I had a great head for business," Bea obser\\ed as we passed \nan unusuallj- huge .saw mill with a tremendously high pile of broken boards; "but I do believe that there \nis enough lumber wasted down here to make my fortune, if I could sell it for kindling wood up North. \nIf I ever have to earn my own living, I think I shall start a kindling wood agency and grow rich." \n\n"(Vreat head! great headl" I say, and Bea proceeds to dilate upon the feasibility of her .scheme. \n\nBrock\'s dap lies beyond Oxmoor, and through it we enter the Great Cataba Iron Basin, a region \nof unlimite<l passibilities. Silimia is noted for the making of lime, and that accounts for its name. At \n\n\n\nCalera, the next station, the L. & X. is crossed by the Selnia, Rome and Dplton R. R. At Cooper\'s, \nsixty-two miles from Binningham, gold has been fonnd on the smoothly-flowing Coosa River; but the iron \nof the region is a great deal more sought after than the gold. But who can tell whether some da>- gold \nhunters may not flock here, hungrj- for wealth, by the thousands ; and the quiet banks of the Coosa be \nwhitened by the tents of the treasure seekers. \n\nAmong the fine.st buildings of the "Magic City" is that of the First National Bank\xe2\x80\x94 a \njjjk ^A handsome brick strucftnre with stone facings. This is the pioneer bank of this locality ; \n\nl[^PM\xc2\xbb. \xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\xa2 and its steady growth and permanent success are tj-pical of the progress of the \n\n^k\'v \\ /jttjjL, region. When the banking house was put up nearly fourteen \\cais a-o it stood \n\n^\xe2\x96\xa0^ \\\\f ^\xe2\x96\xa0V\' jj^ yjg middle of an old field \xe2\x80\x94 now it is surrounded by fine Iniildin-s, while \n\nat all times can be heard the busy hum of the great iiiaiuifac- \ntories which are making Birmingham rich and famous. \nThe institution was originallj- charted Nov. 27, 1872, \nas the National Bank of Binningham, with a capital \nof only $50,000. Its business increased rapidlj- \nand the need of a larger capital w-as felt. This \nhappy end was attained in 1884 by a con- \nition with the City Bank, and the \ncapital IS now $250,000, a quarter \nof a million of dollars. The busi- \nness of this institution extends \ninto all the adjoining \ncounties, and its facili- \nties for making collec- \ntions are unsurpassed. \nIt is also well \nacquainted with \nthe comniercia! \nstanding of all \nbusiness houses \nand information \nof this kind \nalways \nat tiie \n\n\n\n\ngrows more and \nbioken bv thickets of \n\n\n\nser\\ ice of its correspondents The \npresent ofiicers of the Bank, aw \n\\\\ ho have done so much to make it a \nsuccess, are. W. A Walker, Jr , Pres\'t \nJohn C. Henley, V -Pres\'t, W. J. Cameron \nCashier, and E W. Linn, Assistant Cashiei \n\nSouthward, and still southward, the counli \\ \nmore level, there being long stretchess of pine wood \ncane and hollj-, cheerful with its green leaves and brilliant red berries. (Occasionally we rush past a cotton \nor a corn field, and finally IMontgomery is reached, the Capital building looming high above the hou.ses \nin the distance. As the train rolls into the city we look down from the steep bluff, upon which the track \nis built, to the waters of the Alabama River. \n\n->fs Montgonisry a<- \n\nIt makes no dilTerence when the traveler nia^- arrive in ^Montgomery, he is sure to be received b},- a \nscore or more of ragged, tattered colored boys, offering fruit or cakes for sale. They are queer little fellows \nand though they do not boast a single article of superfluous clothing, >et tlie garment or two which the\\- \ndo possess seems on the point of melting into thin air or vanishing into nothingness. \n\n"I do wish I could make one of those pinckaninnies stand still long enough to sketch him,\' \nsighed Bea. But she is only an indifferent amateur artist, and the boys are such living examples of per- \npetual motion, that an instantaneous photograph is the only thing which would do them justice. \n\n\n\nVery naturally our allculion was at first taken up with looking after our baggage and observing the \nnoisy little darkies. Hut we did not fail to note the beauty of our surroundings. The track is fairly upon \nthe edge of a high blufl", which rises from the calmly flowing waters of the Alabama, and the river makes \na great bend, so that the eye has a magnificent sweep. Almost at our feet was the steamboat landing, \nfor the .Vlabama is navigable as far as Montgomery at nearly all seasons of the year. \n\n"If you notice these colored people," said a Southern gentleman whose acquaintance we had made \nupon the train, "you will see they are difierent from the colored folks you have up North. They are more \ntropical in the^r disjjosition and take life with more sunny ease and carelessness of the morrow, than their \nNorthern brethren. In fact, you are fairly in what is called the "black lx;lt," which stretches across \nMis.sissippi. .Mabnma and (ieorgia, and there are more colored people in it than in all the rest of the countrv \nput together. Sometimes we say down here that we have too many of tlicin, Inil tiuK- will in.ikc all things \nstraight." \n\n"1 suppo.se," Bea questionlv asked, "that ne.irly all of the older colored people here were once \nslaves." \n\n"Yes, nearly all of them. Here in .Montgomery you can fiud .some almost perfect specimens of the \nold famil_\\\' servant, loyal and true-hearted they were, knowing nothing more in life, and having no other \naim hut to faithfully serve their ma.ster and mistrc\'SS. To many of them the Emancipation Proclamation \nhad but very little meaning, and they have gone on .serving in the family to which they belonged without \na thought of change. Hut of course that is not the way with the younger generation." \n\nAnd in addition to the multitudinous, and if the truth must be owned, generally lounging negroes, \nthe obserxer can not fail to note that Montgomery is distinctively a Southern city. There is a gentle air \nof repose about its wide streets and shaded dwellings that is suggestive of long settled comfort and aristo- \ncratic breeding. The streets are magnificent in their width, while there are shade trees without number. \nIn the business part of the city the stores and offices are like those in any other city, but the dwellings \nwith their lofty pillared porticoes and large windows speak of the South. The visitor can take a carriage \nand be driven about Montgomery and its immediate vicinitj- and see much more in a short time than he \npossibly could hope to do on foot. That is what Bea and I done, and we were channed especially- when \nwe found that our colored driver onlj- wanted a fair return for the drive, and did not demand all we ])()s- \n.sessed in the world, as is the case with our hackmen in Cincinnati. \n\nI was told that much of the water used in Montgomery was from artesian wells, and tliat they had \nbeen sunk there with e.xtraordinarj- success. I do not know whether it is the water from the artesian \nwells or not, but certain it is that Jlontgomery is a remarkably healthy place. It is al.so beginning to be \na manufacturing as well as a commercial center. With unexhaustable coal and iron fields to the north of \nit, lumber all about it, and great cotton regions reached by its railways and the river, Montgomery mav \naspire to anything. And its ])eople already realize the importance of its situation and are establishing new \nenterprises and reaching out in new directions. \n\nOur stay in Montgomery was necessarily brief\xe2\x80\x94 only over traiii.s \xe2\x80\x94 and once again we are speeding \n.southward. Before we had gone many miles tlie decided change in the flora and fauna showed we were \nreally in another latitude and another and wanner climate. Indeed that latter fact was \\er\\- a])parenl. \nSpanish moss begins to hang in greenish-gray masses from the trees, looking .strangefully soft and light \nas it swayed in the wind. \n\n"This is the forest primeval," began a j\'oung lady in the scat back of iis, and then slie went on, \n"with its ancient jiines and hemlocks, beared with moss." \n\n"She is trying to quote Evangeline, and say something about \'beared with mo.ss,\' whispered Bea." \n\n"Yes," I replied, "they all do it. Down here every tourist regards it as a religious duty to say \nsomething about \' beared with moss, stand, indistinct in the twilight, like Druids of old, with voices sad \nand prophetic;\' just as up in the Michigan woods, the summer visitors all say this is the forest primeval. \nThey all think they have struck a bran new quotation." \n\n"It is verj- amusing," said Bea, and then both of us kept .still and looked out of the window, for \nthe young lady suddenlj\' relapsed into silence and we feared that she had overheard us. \n\nBut there was not only the Spanish moss to show that we were down South ; there were cave breaks \nin the hollows, tangles of holly and laurel, magnolias and palmettos, with occasional oaks and always \npines. Indeed, very soon the pines seemed to have driven everything else out. and to have monopolized \nthe land, for it becomes one va.st pine forest. \n\nGreenville, forty-four miles from Montgomery, is (juite a place, and numbers among its other advant- \nages, two female colleges. \n\nThe pine woods seem endless, and beneath the ground was soft and brown with the pine needles. \nIvvergreen, which is eighty-one miles from Montgomery and si.x hundred and eighty -one from Cincinnati, \nseemed particularly well named. Ten miles further south is Castleberry, where are I\'anther and Murder \nCreeks, two streams of some pretentions, and down them are floated logs and lumber rafts to Pen.sacola. \nIt was here that an old gentleman, a native of the region, came aboard the train and sat down opposite us. \nBea was commenting on the unpleasant names of the two creeks. \n\n"I don\'t .see," .she obser\\-ed, "why they didn\'t find some prettier name tliaii Mnider Creek. Us \nawful, isn\'t it?" " Rather suggestive," I replied. "Thar is a heap more pretty names than Murder Crick," \n\n\n\ncontinued \n\n\n\nput in the venerable old man on the opposite seat, who immagined that mv sister\'s remark was addressed \nto him, \'but then this here crick is named for cause, for cause." "And what was the \nBta, whose sense of propriety was evidently utterly absorbed by her curiosity. \n\n"That crick, long \'fore I was a boy," said the ancient stranger, "used to be called Turpentine \nCrick; and thar\' lived on it a squatter, who, \'long with his dogs and his cattle critters, had a darter \nShe was a mighty purty girl, I reckon; and nearly all the young fellars in this here section kinder \nthought she was the purtiest thing on earth. But she jist went on a-helping her man in the house\xe2\x80\x94 a \nlog cabin I reckon it was\xe2\x80\x94 and milking and making herself ginerally \nuseful ; and she never let on that she knowed she \xe2\x96\xa0 \nout of the gincral run or that the \\oung felk \nwas tr\\ing to shine u]) to Ikt and she ne\\er \nsaid iiDtlun., in tlii. \\\\ u ol \n\n\n\ntln-iii Viul wliLn th\' \n\n\n\n.oui igLiuLiit to \nd ,,0 to the old \n\n\n\ne was an^- way purtv J^^ \n\n\n\n\nSl\\\\\\ SOI TH \n\n\n\nman, and ask for her, he\'d always say: \'All right! Whichever on\' you gets her, has her. \\\\-hichever on\' \nyou gets her, has her, he\'d say. Thar\' was one likely young fellar in the neighborhood-his name was \n^r\'la- T,, disremember-and he follered her round purty nigh on to all the time; but she jist treated \nhim like all the rest, and all the old man would say to him was: \'Whichever on\' vou gets her has her.\' \n\nif; ?!,"l\' TZ\xc2\xb0" u \xe2\x96\xa0 \'"\' ^\'"\'^ ^\'\'" \'"\'""^ >\xc2\xb0"\' ^"^ ^" \'^^ time the girl got purtier and purtier. \n\nBut I didn t start m with no intention of talking until we get to Mobile, whar\' I get off, and so I\'ll kind \nof hurry up. Well, bime by thar\' came along a sur^-eyin\' chap-one of them fellers that blazes the trees \nand ays off the country- into squares-and the girl fell dead in love with him. This voung feller, Ross \ntold the sur^\xe2\x80\xa2eyln chap to pack up his things and git. But I reckon he didn\'t intend to be bossed, and so \nhe stayed ;^ and he made love to the girl, while the old man jist said; \'Whichever on\' vou gets her, has \nhich got her.\'" said Bea, who, I suppose, was growing tired of his rambling tale. \n\nOne day the sur\\\'eyin\' chap was found dead in the crick, with nigh^onto twenlv \nThat\'s the cause of calling it Murder Crick." \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2And \n\n"Neither on \n\nbuckshot in his breast. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2But whom did the girl marry?" "Well, the feller Ross was never heard of after that, and so she \ndidn\'t marr>\' him; and she couldn\'t anyway, because she was dead." "Dead!" echoed Bea, aghast at the \ntragic talc. "Yes\'m. she went and drowned herself in the crick." Then Bea was silent, and the aged \npassenger from Castleberry looked mouniful, as though the story had been too much for him; and finall>- he \narose and went into the smoker, leaving us in blissful ignorance as to how I\'anther Creek come by its name. \n\n\xc2\xab\xc2\xab PsrjsaGola Junction 5>i<- \n\nSeven hundred and nineteen miles from Cincinnati, and si.\\ty-one miles from Mobile. Here it is that the \nroad to I\'ensacola, Florida, leaves the main track, and the through cars for Florida are switched off. It \nis not much of a town ; there being merely a depot, a hotel, a half dozen stores, several saw mills and \na number of houses. The tourist sees more railroad tracks than anything else; and if he is not going \nto Florida\xe2\x80\x94 unfortunate man\xe2\x80\x94 he can console iiimself by the thought that the orange State lies but a few \nmiles to the eastward. \n\n-Kj PsnsaGola. Flori^Ia \xc2\xbb<\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nIt is a very short run on the Ivlkti N. from IV-nsacola Jui\\ctioii to I\'ensacola. an<l Hea and I had \nscarcely settled ourselves for the trip, and chatting the while about the Land of Flowers which we were enter- \ning, before we found ourselves at our journey\'s end. We had pas.sed lilufi" Springs, Molino, which is more or \nless inhabited by .saw-mills. Quintette, Muscogee, Cantonement, C.onzales and Oakfield. All of these places \nare given up to the making of lumber, and the buzz of the whirling saws struck our ears as we halted \nat the .stations. Not only this, but saw-mills are .scattered all along the road and the.\\- tell in no uncertain \nway of the greatness of the timber interests. \n\n"It really is a land of flowers," said Bea, as she pointed to the gaily decked trees by the side of the \nroad and then to the blossoming plants beneath them. \n\nBut while we talked, the smell of the sea came to our nostrils and the train glided into I\'ensacola. \n\nThis is the gateway to Florida for the tourist ; and its situation and sjilendid harbor, which has but \nfew equals on the globe, has made it a great niariline jjort. .Vnd there could be no more fitting introduc- \ntion to F\'lorida than Pensacola. \n\n\'They say. " I remarked after we had come to know the place, "that first impressions arc always \nthe best, and if that is the case then the half has never been told of Florida." \n\n"No," put in Bea, "what we have heard has only suggested its beauty and loveliness. I would be \nhappy if I could only send a little of this balmy, delicious air home to the shivering folks in the North. \nYou remember in their last letter they said the snow was a foot deep, and here it is like a day in June. \xe2\x80\xa2 Oh, \nwhat is so rare as a day in June?\'" she quoted with a laugh. \n\nWe set the town down at once as not only delightful and beautiful, but as a contradictory kind of a place. \nThe old and the new is queerly mixed together. Side by side are the old Spanish buildings, which speak \nof a fonner age and generation, and the modern .structures of to-day. The dead pa.st, with its memories and \ntraditions is strangely brought in contact with the ever living, business-like present. \n\n"I didn\'t know that Pensacola was so old," said Hea tome one evening when the history of the place \nhad been di.scussed in the hotel parlor. \n\n"It has been here ever since the creation. " I obsened. but she explained that she meant something \nentirely different. \n\nAlmcst a century before the Pilgrims set foot upon Plymouth Rock, the adventurous Spanish Captain, \nPanfilo-de-Nar\\aez, started into Pensacola Bay, and upon European eyes first burst that hannoniously beau- \ntiful picture of earth and water, of wooded headlands and shining beach, which to-day delights the tourist. \nThat was in 1525, hardly thirty years after Columbus made his first memorable voyage. He brought back \nto Spain a glowing account of this wonderful harbor, and Spanish mariners visited it from time to time. \nSome called it Port-de-Auclose ; others St. Mary\'s Bay; and still others Pensacola Bay, from the tribe of \nIndians which dwelt upon its shores. This last name was retained. It was not until 1686 that a settlement \nwas made and then a fort, piously called San Carios, and a church was. erected upon the site of Fort Bar- \nrancas. It was a war-like place, always garrisoned with Spanish regulars, and it was the scene of many a \nbloody fray. In 1719 the French captured it and then it was retaken and taken and fought over until 1722, \nwhen the flag of Spain was again run up over the fort, there to remain until 1763, when Pensacola was ceded \nto Ivngland. The F-nglish did not regard it as very valuable acquisition, but they did one good thing and \nthat was to lay the town off in regular squares. After the Revolution the town again fell into the hands of \nSpain. In our second war with England it was also a place of some war-like notoriety. General Jackson \nswept into it with an American Ann.\\-, although what right he had to invade Spanish territory has alwa>s \nbeen a grave historical question, and an English fleet in the Bay destroyed Forts San Carlos and Santa Rosa, \nand Santa Rosa Island. It was not until 1S19 that the territory was ceded to the United States, and in 1845 \nthe State of Florida was admitted into the Union. \n\n"That is quite a chapter of history-," said Bea, when I had finished my narrative. \n\nAnd we found it hugely interesting to visit the old Spanish forts and fight the battles of two centuries \nover again. \n\n\n\nAcross Pensacola Bay, a distance of four miles, is Warrington, where the Navy Yard is situated. I had \nseen the similar establishments at Washington and Norfolk, and Bea was delighted to learn that neither of \nthem is as interesting as is this, not to mention the beauty of the surroundings. A landsman can spend \ndays at the Navy Yard and never tire, while it has unfailing charms for the man of the sea. Ever>\'thing \nabout the place from the well kept lawns, war-like with piles of cannon balls and a field piece or two, to the \ndocks and great work shops, is as neat as a pin. \n\n"It IS all in ship-shape order, I suppose a sailor would observe," commented Bea. \n\nAfter we had gone over the Nav\\^ Yard, we strolled over to Fort Barrancas, which is immediateU- to the \nwestward. Further on is the Pensacola Lighthouse, which Bea insisted on sketching becau.se it was so grace- \nful and striking ; and further on are the ruins of Fort McRae. A historic old pile it is, with a wealth of \nmemories clustering around its shattered walls. But those walls were not broken by man. They were built \ntoo strong for that. It was the work \nof the waters of the Gulf, which grad- \nually supped the foundations. The \nvisitor can find a great variety of \nshells here. \n\nOne of the most delightful trips \nabout Pensacola is to Santa Rosa \nIsland. It is a long, narrow strip \nof sand which lies across the mouth \nof the Bay and shuts out the waring \nbillows of the stonn-beaten Gulf \nThe inhabitants call it a "sand- \nke3-." It has a magnificent beach, \nwhere the finest surf bathing in the \nworld may be enjo\\-ed. The waves \ncome rolling up the long, smooth \nwhite incline a hundred feet or more. \nThis beach is the incubator of the \ngreat turtles of the Gulf Its gradual \nincline, the easily excavated sand \nbeyond, and the wann southern \nexposure, adapt it to their approach, \nthe making of nests and hatching \nof their eggs. So they resort to it \nfor this purpose, and in due time the \nyoung turtles are hatched, unless the \neggs are captured by various crea- \ntures, biped and quadruped, who \nseek them in the season. From \nPensacola over to the Lsland is about \nseven miles, and as the land breeze \nof the night sets fair across the bay, \nit is a pleasant trip of moonlight \nnights to run over on a sail boat, \nland on the bay shore, walk acros.s \nthe island, which is not a third of a \nmile wide opposite the city, and seek \nfor "turtle crawls" on the Gulf \nbeach, or bathe luxuriously in the \nsurf The "crawl" shows on the \nsand where the under shell has been \ndragged along, and following this \nup to a pomt above the wash of the \n\nhighest waves, the nest is found, usualh- about two and a half feet below the surface. A single nest will \ncontain from one hundred to three hundred eggs. At Sabine Pass, on Santa Rosa Island, alligators are found \nby the ten thousand, and are killed in large numbers by the hunters who frequent the place. \n\nThe fishing off the island is, as a veteran angler said, immense, and the Santa Rosa "red snapper \nbanks" are known all over the South. I don\'t know whether it is pleasanter to catch red snapper or eat \nthem, but certain it is that it is glorious, ner\\\'e-thrining sport to haul in the great, rosy fish almost as fast \nas }-ou can play j-our line. Then there is the gamely salt water trout and Spanish mackeral which afford \nexcellent sport. Speaking of fishing I must not forget to saj- that fresh water fish abound in the net work \nof bayous, rivers and streamlets which surround Pensacola. There is as much genuine sport in catching \nthem as in hooking fish in the waters of Northern Michigan, and you catch ten here to one there. \n\n\n\n\nAll around excursions invite the tourist. Alter Saiila Rosa Island and a visit to Fort Pickens, conies a \ntrip to Escambia Hay and the river of the same name. Then there is I\'udido Hay which is only less lovely \nthan Escambia Bay, though both are beautiful beyond description. A \\-oyage up Escambia River which \nwinds in and out with many a turn and convolution, is plea.surable. The little steamer in some places \nbrushes through the foliage of the overhanging trees, and then again the shore is hugged so closely that \nit would be an easy matter to step from the deck of the moving boat to /tira fnina. \n\nBut this is only one of many enjoyable excursions. West Florida abounds with uniquely beautiful \nplaces and scenery which is unequaled. The tourist may come here with great expectations, but he will \nfind them more than realized. And for a trip through Florida there could be no better base of operations \nthan Pensacola. In other parts of this book can be found a list of the F\'lorida steamboat lines and railways, \nand the traveler will have no difficulty in selecting his route. Twenty different routes are open to him, and \nwherever he goes he will find this land of flowers and tropical fruits, this land of balmy breezes and genial \nsunshine, this land of health and physical well-being, attratflive and new. The Florida tourist is never dis- \nappointed. Thousands of people from the North have come here expecting to spend a week or two, and \ntheir stay has lengthened into months. The winter cottages in Pensacola, of many Northerners who spend \nhalf the year here, tell more forcibly than words of mine, the attracftiveness of this favored region. \n\nIf the stranger wishes to follow in Bea\'s and my footsteps, he will take the Pensacola and Atlantic Rail- \nroad to Chatahoochee, (which is pronounced with three sneezes and a shiver) thence to Tallahassee, capitol \nof the State, then east to Jacksonville, and down the St. John\'s River to Polatka and St. Augustine. That \nis a delightful trip. It takes one through the great orange country, and past the most characteristic Florida \nscenery. Then we returned via Cedar Ke\\s and across the Gulf to Pensacola. We might have gone south \nto Key West and on to Havana, Cuba, which latter port is only five hundred and ten miles from Pensacola. \n\nLeaving Pensacola Junction the road runs through the same vast pine woods, and before long comes \nto Canoe. It is noted for its turpentine interests, and much capital and labor is employed in the manufacture \nof turpentine and rosin. Fortunes have been made in this business, and few Northerners have any idea as \nto its e.xtent. An ordinary turpentine facflory turns out between 5,000 and 10,000 barrels of rosin per year, \nand for each 5,000 barrels of rosin there are 800 barrels of turpentine. It must be remembered that a \nturpentine barrel is nearly twice as large as a rosin barrel. \n\nAnd now we go through a country that is very strange to our eyes. There are long stretches of level, \nmarshy land where the vegetation grows luxuriantly thick and wild ; where pendant vines hang from tree \nto tree making tangled arcades ; but which are never traversed by the feet of man. Then comes a bit of \nhigher ground, and the next moment the train is rumbling over an ann of the Mobile Bay, or over a river \nwhose calm and sluggish waters seem to be drowsy. \n\nTall rushes grow by their banks, unknown reeds lift themselves from the mud and the eminently \ntropical palmetto is everywhere. Gradually the country becomes a dead level, the smell of salt water comes \nto our nostrils and on and on until our train glides into Mobile. \n\nThe City of Live Oaks, and it is rightly named. As soon as one leaves the busy commercial center \nof the city, the streets widen into magnificent avenues, shaded b\\- long rows of the ever verdant live oaks, \nand lined with great Southern houses, reveling in veranda on veranda, and pillared portico on pillared portico. \nAnd the windows are so breezily open and the doors of such a generous and hospitable width that one feels \nthat this must be the land of sunshine and flowers. At least Bea and I were very positive about it. Here \nthe grass was a glorious green, and magnolias, figs and orange trees, mulberries and the umbella china were \nrich in their never failing foliage. But a few short days before in Cincinnati everj-thing was bleak and bare, \nand here seven hundred and eighty miles south, the winds bore with them the freshness of Spring, birds \nwere singing and life seemed a delicious dream of light and warmth. \n\nEvery year Mobile is becoming better known to the tourist. Those who are fleeing from the blizzards \nwhich blow with such icy fierceness from the snowy winter wastes of Dakota, here find shelter, balminess \nand all the comforts of civilized and urban life. There is the splendid "shell" road for driving, the Bay \nfor sailing, theaters for amusement, and churches without number. And the delights of living are enhanced \nby the oysters from the Bay, which experienced and professional epicures pronounce to be par excellence. \nOf course Bea and I tried them, not once but often, and as I write of those delicious bivalves which go \nslipping down one\'s throat as though they enjoyed being eaten, I think of the song \n\n"Her sweet smile haunts me still." \nThose oysters still make mj- mouth water. \n\nMobile is at the head of the Bay which bears its name, and here the Mobile River, a slow and sleepy \nstream, empties its waters. The Mobile Rirer, by the way, is quite eccentric. It is formed by the junction of \nthe Alabama and a river which bears the remarkable name of Tombigbee, and after flowing south a few \nmiles it divides, the eastern branch being called the Tensas, but before long the divided river again unites. \nThe Bay is indeed beautiful, and a sail over its waves is delightful. I had been reading up on Mobile, and \nas we glided over the waters in front of the city, I told Bea the story of Iberville and his brother Bier\\-ille. \n" They were Canadians," I said, "and nearly two centuries ago they left Canada, or New France as it was \nthen called, and sailed down the Atlantic Coast into the Gulf to form a settlement on the Mississippi. They \ncr:pt along the coast until they came to Pensacola Harbor. There was a Spanish settlement here, and the \nCommander received them graciously enough but would not pennit them to land, so they sailed on until tliey \n\n\n\nreadied Mobile Bay. They first landed on a large island on which they found piles on piles of bleached human \nbones. So they called it Massacre Island, though now it is known as Dauphine Island." \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2Were they white men\'s bones?" inquired Bea, interrupting my historical narrative. \n\n" Xo, I <jue.ss they belonged to Indians who had gone to the Happy Hunting Grounds. The Mobile \n\nIndians dwelt "here, and as they had the disagreeable habit of cooking and eating their captives, the bones \n\nmay have signalized the cannabalistic rejoicings after some great victor}-. That was in 1702, and in the same \n\nvear Bierville built a fort about twenty miles up the Mobile River on the west bank. The situation was out \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nA SOI Tliri N HOME \n\nof the way however, and so he finally started the settlement which has grown into Mobile They tell a very \nfunn}\' story about the "petticoat insurrection" which took place in 1706." \n\n\' \' Do you mean to say there was a rebellion among the women ? \' \' asked Bea, with a look of interest. \n\n"That\'s just about it. You see the ladies of the Colony were very dainty and delicate, and they \nrebelled because they were obliged to eat Indian com." "And how did it end?" said my sister. \n\n"I believe the women were forced to yield; star\\^ed into it, perhaps. Or else they learned how to \nmake corn bread and corn cakes; and so their sorrow was turned into rejoicing." \n\n"Then it was in this Bay," I continued, "that Farragut won immortal fame. It was on the fifth \nday of August, 1864, that the Union fleet began the attack. At the entrance to the Bay the Confederates \nhad Fort Morgan on one side and Fort Gaines on the other, while in the Bay beyond lay a number of \nsmall iron-clads, ready for action. The Union ships resolved to make a dash of it, and they steamed into \nthe Bay under a terrible fire from the forts, which they returned with very little effect. Just as the \nTecumseh, one of the largest of the vessels, came opposite Fort Morgan, it struck a torpedo and almost \nimmediatel}^ sunk. Thereupon the Brookhn, another large ship, began to back, and threw the rest of the \nfleet in confusion. Her commander evidently thought he was in a hot place, and that it was almost time \nto \'git.\' He signalled to Farragut: \'We have just lost our best monitor. WTiat shall I do?\' Farragut, \nwho was lashed in the rigging of his flag-ship, the Hartford, sent back the brief but unmistakable message, \n\'Go ahead!\'" "And did they go ahead?" \n\n"Yes; they passed the forts, captured the fleet in the Bay, and took Mobile." \n\nWe found a vi.sit to the grass-grown fortifications filled with interest; but " grim-^\xe2\x80\xa2isaged war had \nsmoothed hi.s wrinkled front." and put on .such a peaceful, happy smile that it was hard to realize that \nhere blood had flowed like water, and deeds were wrought which will go ringing down the ages. Massacre \n\n\n\nIsland a second time deserved its name. Rut the past is past. Heaven be thanked! And as Bea and I \nsat near one of the old forts, and gazed out upon the ships in the roadstead, the war. with all its horrid \ntumult, seeuied centuries distant. \n\nThe entrance to the Hay is about two and one-half miles in width, and it is completely land-locked. \nIt is one of the magnificent harbors of the world. There is a distance of about twelve miles from the \nGulf to Mobile; and. as the Hay shallows toward the further end, the largest ships can not be loaded at \nthe Mobile whar\\es. But the channel is being rapidly deepened, and this fault will speedily be remedied. \n\n"The .stretch of road between Mobile and New Orleans," remarked a .socially inclined old gentleman \nto Bea, when we had taken the train to continue our journey, "is one of the most beautiful in all the country. \nYou won\'t find any lofty mountains on it, any deeply cut canyons, or any Swiss valleys. This is not a region \nwhere Nature displays her wild and ruggedly massive .strength. I won\'t call the .scenery sublime, but it is \nbeautiful and it is entirely new. Then the road itself is remarkable. In .some places it is built across bottom- \nless morasses and swamps where the land and water meet and fight for pos.session. It is really a wonderful \ntriumph of engineering .skill, and the men who built it deser\\-e all credit." \n\nThis was what the old gentleman said and he fell far short of the truth. For one hundred and forty \nmiles the road skirts the C.ulf, sometimes running on the very beach, now crossing a bayou or cutting right \nacross one of the numerous anns of the great inland sea, or again traversing an endless swamp whose green \nreeds stretch away on unbroken level like a limitless prairie. And nearly always the dancing waves of the \n"Me.xique Gulf" are in sight. On a fair day when the heavens are blue and sun bright above, when the \nearth is divinely green and the waters are all aglow below, the ride is one of pure delight. .\\nd, tourist, let \nme warn you. If the day be dark and heavy clouds blacken the sky, while the Gulf is rough and troubled, \nyou will not find the scenery attraclive. The smooth road and splendid cars will make the ride pleasant of \ncourse, but that part of the entertainment which nature is expected to furnish will be woefully lacking. \n\n.Some parts of the region remind me of the ob.servation made by a cynical cuss from Boston. Me said : \n\n"This section was only half made up by the Lord, when man came along and claimed po.ssession. Ever \nsince then the Lord hasn\'t meddled and man has been left to get along as best as he can." \n\nBut that is a very absurd criticism. It is a fortunate thing that the Lord didn\'t make the world alike. \nAnd that part of Louisiana and Mississippi and the Gulf plays just as important a part in the econom\\- of \nnature as New England itself. Still, to .stop this philosophical discussion, Bea called my attention to the \nfact that the first .station after Mobile was called Venetia. \n\n"It is a very appropriate name," .she said, ".seeing that there is more water to be seen than land." \nAnd then she went on to remark that the .station after that was called St. Elmo, and that she had read a \ncharming novel of that name. I tried to tell her about the St. I\':imo lights, and she proceeded at the \nsame time to tell about the novel, until we suddenly realized how ridiculous it all was, and fell to gazing \nout of the car windows. For some miles the road runs by the shore of the Mobile Bay, and we caught \nglimpses of the shipping at the wharves, and of the vessels lying at anchor far out on the waters. There \nwere a few fleecy clouds in the sky, and these cast their shadows upon the Bay. Now a ship would \ngleam in the sunlight, all her masts and yard glistening like polished gold ; then the long .shadow would \ndrift down, and the ships would suddenly grow dark and lifeless, only to be again gloriously transfonned. \n\n"Ah!" half sighed Bea, "T wonder if Farragut noticed how beautiful it was when he sailed up the Bay." \n\n"No, I don\'t think he did. If he thought of anything except the details of the battle, it was \nprobably of the torpedoes, with which it was said the Bay was filled, and which at any time might blow \nhis flag-ship and all her crew into kingdom come. \' \n\nGrand Bay is a beautiful place, and the views around are magnificent. It is a great shipping point \nfor telegraph poles and .sticks suitable for "pile-driving." Great heaps of this timber are piled up every- \nwhere, and the air smells fresh and resinous. \n\nFifteen miles beyond Grand Bay is Scranton, while immediately adjoining it is the town of East \nPascagoula ; and this is another great lumber point. The long bridge which the train crosses is over the \nI\'ascagoula River, and lumber is floated down the .stream and its branches in almost unlimited quantities. \nThere are great saw mills in sight, and mountains of sawdust tell a tale of industry that needs no cr/mi)li- \nmentarj- adjectives. \n\nAs Bea and I looked out from the train, we could see far away ships upon the horizon, while off \nfrom the coa.st were two islands. Turtle and Horn. They looked dim and hazy, and an inexperienced \nlandsman would hardly have known that they were islands, unless told. \n\n"I would really like to know if this land has any value." observed Bea. when we were fairly out \nof Scranton, and were skimming across an apparently endless marsh, which is every now and then broken \nby the lazy waters of some bayou. \n\n"\xe2\x96\xa0you\'re a .stranger here. ^li.ss.\'" inquired a passenger acro.ss the aisle, and whose baggage proclaimed \nhim a resident of New Orleans. "Yes," she replied. "From Cincinnati," I added. \n\n"Well, I guess you don\'t have much of this kind of land up there. But you asked if it had any \nvalue. Of course it is not laid out in building lots, and I never heard of any crops being raised on it ; \nbut in summer it brings forth just about the biggest mosquitoes in the world. They used to say, when \nthis road was building, they never could leave any of the rails or crowbars round loose, as the skeeters\'d use \nthem to pick their teeth. I gue.ss that is a yarn, however. Still, they tell the .story, and I give it for what \n\n\n\nit is worth." "Then a man might have a pretty large landed estate in this region and still not be very \nrich?" continued that inquisitive girl. "Yes, that is so. But there is one thing for which these swamps \nare celebrated, and that is the shooting upon them. In certain seasons of the j-ear they are fairly alive \nwith wild ducks and water fowl of various varieties. Sportsmen come from all over the country, and if a man \ndoesn\'t bag all the game he can carry away in a baggage car, it is because he has never learned how to \npull the trigger." \n\nThen we arrived at West Pascagoula, which is four miles from Scranton, or eight hundred and twenty-four \nfrom Cincinnati, and the gentleman from New Orleans began to tell us of the "Creosoting" works which are \n\n\n\n\nsituated here. \nCreosoting is \na process by \nwhich timbers \nthat are to be \ndriven into \nwater infested \nwith boring, \ngnawing sea \nibsolutel}- safe from their insid- \n-- attacks In brief, the sticks of timber to be \n1 cited aie placed in a large iron cjlinder which \nl\'^ then closed and by an ingenious plan they are \nthoroughh satuiated with creosote. The works \nsmell to hca\\en," for creosote is anything \nut si\\or\\ Rut West Pascagoula is quite a \nwinter rtsoit iiid the beach is lined with bath \nhouses, while pretty pleasure j-achts mingle with \nthe oyster boats and still less aristocratic crafts \nwhich are to be seen upon the Gulf. And \nnow we come to Ocean Springs, on the \neast side of the Bay of Biloxi, while on the \nfurther side lies the famous old town of \n\n\n\n;.su.\\ iJ.vvis. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0\xc2\xabj l^iloxi tx<- \n\n\n\nonce the capitol of the golden province of "La Louisane." when "La Belle France" was just beginning \nto establish her empire in the New World. Here it was that Iber\\-ille, in 1699, anchored his ships and tried in \nvain to patch up an alliance, offensive and defen.sive, with the timid Bilo.xi Indians. His brother Bierville, \nof whom I have already spoken, founded the town. When the great Mississippi Co. was chartered in \nFrance in 1712, the most extravagant expectations were held in regard to Biloxi. and it was hoped that great \n\n\n\nstores of \xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\xa2gold and pearls" could be obtained from the favored locality. The prospectors, as thej- would \nbe called at the present time out west, wrote back that there was neither gold nor pearls, and that the main \nproducts of the region would probably be wool and grain. Thereupon the French authorities gravely directed \na number of buffaloes be penned up, tamed, shorn of their wool at the proper time, and be generally taught \nthe ways of civilized cattle. Ah, those were queer old times. Things have changed since then. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x80\xa2But did they tame the buffaloes ?\'\xe2\x80\xa2 innocently asked Bea, when I told the story, and I only laughed \nat the simplicity of her question. The idea of taming buffaloes and shearing their alleged wool! One would \nthink an American girl would scarcely ask such a question. \n\nI am forgetting the Biloxi of the present in the past, and I fanc\\- those early Frenchmen would hardly \nrecognize the fdace to-day. Bathing houses line the beach, there are splendid drives, and the town itself \nwith its e.\\cellent hotels and accommodations for the stranger is inviting. Even religion has chosen its \nparticular dwelling here, and the Methodists have a large park where camp meetings are annually held, and \nwhich is at all times a delightful pleasure ground. These meetings were very humble affairs at first, but year \nby year they grew and they are still growing. The great trees which line the shore at Biloxi cast a grateful \nshade, and on the benches beneath them one loves to linger and look out upon the (".ulf. Not far off\xe2\x80\x94 alwut \nthree miles\xe2\x80\x94 Deer Island can be seen. It is almost as level as the water which surrounds it, and it makes a \npleasant run for a short sail. Further out on the Gulf are Cat and Ship Islands. On the latter there was \na military prison during the war, and many confederates were kept there under the galling wardenship of \ncolored troops. That was one of (ieneral Ben. F. Butler\'s savage practical jokes. \n\nFort Massachusetts was built on vSliip Island, and it was a place of considerable strength. aUlioui;li \ntoday the tourist will find that it has almost disappeared. But there was a more famous fort within the \ntown. Fort Biloxi, where French soldiers for many years kept guard, and under the shelter of its guns the \nhardy traders who not only ventured up and down the coast, but even ran across to Mexico, have often rested. \nTiie gay song of the light-hearted Canadian voyagers rang across the waters where now swells the solemn, \nglorious strains of the camp meeting hymns. No longer the sentinel tramps up and down the ramparts of \nthe long deserted Fort watching for the Indian or the Spaniards, but merry children romp upon the beach in \nplaj\', and men and women find health and strength in the breezes that come from the South and West. But \nstill the countn.- is very much as the French found it. The face of nature has been but little changed. The \nimmediate neighborhood of Biloxi is the same as it was a thousand years ago, and the waves of the Gulf \nstill sparkle in the sunshine, or are lashed in the storm as when the Children of Israel were toiling through \nthe desert to the Promised Land. In other parts of America man has almost entirely altered the appearance \nof the land, but here the physical conditions forbid anything of the kind. \n\nThe road beyond Biloxi still skims along by the side of the Gulf, while the air is filled with the aroma \nof the pines which are green and beautiful the year around. The soil is very sandy yet the pine trees flourish, \nand a kind of long grass grows in great luxuriant tufts. Occasionally we catch a glimpse of the blue waters, \nnow the train is dashing through the pines where there are long vistas between the trees, where the ground \nlooks so soft and inviting that Bea, as on a former occasion, wishes that we could get out and take a stroll. \nIt is through scenes like the.se that we pass until we reach Beauvoir. \n\n"This is the home of Mr. Jefferson Davis, President of the late Southern Confederacy," observes the \nconductor. \n\n"Can you see his house from the station?" asks Bea. \n\nAnd she is quite disappointed to learn that the mansion is not visible. vShe half hopes that the dis- \ntinguished gentleman will be waiting at the station to take the train for New Orleans, but he is not there \nto gratify her curiosity. Mr. Davis lives here on quite an extensive estate in a most quiet and unostenta- \ntious fashion. His da3-s are passed in studious retirement and he sees little or no company. \n\nFive miles beyond Beauvoir is Mississippi City, another charming place, and a resort of many attrac- \ntions. Man> people from New Orleans spend their summers here, and the long beach is an admirable place \nfor bathing, while there is the best of fishing off it. Peace and quiet seem to brood over the town, and the \nhouses with theit massive white pillars are in themselves an invitation to rest and enjo>-nient. All around \nare the most delightful walks, and nature appears to have made the region especially for man\'s delectation. \n\n*\xc2\xab Pass Ghjristian Qr\\A l^ay St. Iiouis ^\'\xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nThese are the great places of resort for the New Orleanites. They are two beautiful towns which lie \non either side of Bay St. Louis, and thej- are, to use a happy Biblical phrase, " altogether lovely." Pass \nChristian is the unique town of all viniqne towns. The man who called it Shostringville was very felicitous \nin his description. It stretches along the (iulf for six miles, and is but one house deep. Villas and cottages \nline the landward side of the hard, smooth, shell road which is the delight and pride of the residents, while \nin front of nearly all the houses a long narrow wharf stretched from the shore to deep water. As a rule these \nwhan-es end in either a boat or a bath house. Many of these villas are built with an eye to " style," while \nothers were plainly constructed for "solid home comfort." \n\nIn the evening the shell road is fairly alive with vehicles, and this is the great event of the day among \nthose who are summering or wintering at the Pass. And what a drive it is ! The road is as hard as asphalt, \nand it is as smooth as a ball room floor. The horses actually find it a pleasure to put their \'\xe2\x80\xa2best foot \n\n\n\nforemost," ami many are tlie good-natured races which take place, the drivers encouraged to bring out all \nthe speed there is in their animals by the smiles of the beauties of the South. Happy and light are the \nhearts that beat at Pass Christian, and gay are the revels at the splendid Mexican Gulf Hotel. When the \nsummer with its heavy heat lies drowsily upon New Orleans its people flock to this favored spot. This is a \n\n"Delicious land of lavish lights and floating shades." \nAnd when at even-tide the light fades out of the West and the waters of the Bay softly roll upon the sand, \nthe dreamer can well imagine that this is a region of romance and the realities of the present go with the \ndying day, and he repeats : \n\n" Little breezes, dusk and shiver, \nThis the wave that runs forever \nBy the island in the river \n\nFlowing down to Camelot. \nFour graj\' walls, and four gray towers. \nOverlook a space of flowers. \nAnd the silent isle embowers \nThe Lady of Shalott." \n.Vs the light of day goes out the lights in Bay St. Louis begin to twinkle across the water, and from \nthe windows of the hotel there streams i Hood of splendor. The town is very much like its neighbor. There \n\n\n\n\nis a shell road, the same long narrow wharves and bathing houses, and the same beautiful summer residences \nhalf hidden by the luxuriant foliage. The Ellen N. cuts directly across the mouth of the Bay, on a long \ntrestle. "We\'re taking a ride on the water," exclaimed Bea, as we crossed it. \n\nAnd it looked ver}^ much like it. Looking out of the car windows water was to be seen on either hand, \nand we could not have more thoroughlj- felt that we were on the sea, "the glorious sea," if we had been \ntaking a ride iu an ocean steamer. But what a glorious view it was ! Far awa}- extended the blue Bay until \nshut in by sand}\' headlands crowned with pine. The waters of the Gulf sparkled in the sunshine, bright and \nbeautiful To the West lay Bay St. Louis with its white houses and pretty church forming a picturesque \nensemble, while to the East lay Pass Christian. Sails dotted the horizon, and light pleasure yachts were dart- \ning in and out. He who has seen this scene in the glory of the sunshine can never forget it. Search where \nyou will on the Atlantic Coast or on the shores of the Great Lakes, nowhere is there a spot so purely beautiful \nand so favored b}- bounteous nature as this. \n\nThe tourist bent on pleasure will doubtless be .surprised to learn that Bay St. Louis is a place of some \ncommercial importance. It possesses the onh- wollen mill on the coast, and carries on a trade in lumber of \nconsiderable extent. At the head of the Bay are a number of logging streams and the timber of course comes \nfrom them. Its population is between 2,500 and 3,000. \n\nIt is juist fifty-two miles by the Ellen N. from Bay vSt. Louis to New Orleans, and a mar\\-elous stretch \nof road it is. Joaquim Miller rode over it on a glorious afternoon in December, and was fired with its beauty \n\n\n\nand unique loveliness. Well he knew how to describe the region, when he wrote: "And we are dashing^ \nright gainst the sun as it falls into the sea. The Crescent City and the great river are fifty, forty, thirty \nmiles away. Lagoons behind us, and bayous before us and right and left of us. Little clumps of oaks and \nash and beech are springing up right and left from out the vast brown levels of marsh ; and men hunt here \nfor deer, thirty miles from the city, and shoot \' canvas backs \' by the ship load. \n\n"On, on in the face of the falling sun. The sun is in the sea. Hut there is a conflagration of \nearth and of air. The heavens are illuminated. They know we are coming. There is a scene of conquest, \nof di.scovery, as we come near this olden city by the great river, all in the face of the burning heavens. \nAh, don\'t you know that if this sunset, this scene, this water and this land, this air and illumination \nwere in Europe, the writers there \xe2\x80\x94 upheld, countenanced, encouraged by the country\xe2\x80\x94 would lift them up \nin glory, so that all the world should be com])elled to come and see.\'" \n\nI read Bea what Joaquim Miller said, as we djished on through the marshes and glimmering lagoons. \n\n"Ah!" said she, "it takes a poet to put in words what one feels." \n\nAnd as we pass over these \\\'ast swampy levels, through which the lazy bayous trace their way-like \ncanals, we remark that if the landscape were but furnished with a wind-mill or two that it would lie \nremarkably like Holland. The railroad here is a wonder of engineering skill. The swamp is almost \nfathomless ; the black ooze everywhere being .soft and yielding. For nearly thirty miles the track is either \nbuilt upon ponderous piles, driven deep into the unsubstantial mire, or upon embankments of sand. \n\n"It took a world of labor to make these embankments," said an old railroader to me; "and in .some \nplaces they are adlually boxed in to protecft tliem from the slow sopping of the water." \n\nWaveland, Toulme and Claiborne are successively passed, and at last we reach the Rigolets. The \n"Rigolets" is nothing else than a strait, or sluggi.sh water way, connecting Lake Bargne, which is off the \nGulf of Mexico, and Lake Ponchartrain. Steamers going from Mobile and along the coast reach the rear \nof New Orleans by this route. It is a queer spot, and it is hard to tell whether the land or water predom- \ninates. So level is the locality that the tall reeds hide the bayous that wind their devious ways in and out \namong them, and the boats that slowly move either toward New Orleans or the Gulf, seem to be gliding \nalong the land. Lake Catharine is simply a station, where in the season, sportsmen come to shoot water fowl. \n\n"This calls to mind," obser\\\'ed Bea, as she looked out upon the beautiful stretch of the Lake and \nthen upon the land, which seemed to be more or less like the lake, "the poets \'water, water everywhere.\'" \n\n"And not a drop to drink," I added, "for it is horribly brackish." \n\nSix miles further on is Chef Mentum, another water way to Lake Tonchartrain. It is only a stopping- \nplace in the marsh and the passenger looks with curiositj- upon the little custom house, liuilt on piles and above \nwhich floats the revenue flag, with its bars running the wrong way, and an old-fashioned circular fort which \nthe Ellen N. passes within a stone\'s throw. It is Fort Macomb, built long ago to defend the rear approaches \nto the Crescent City. But now no flag flutters from its flag-staff and no sunrise or sunset gun sets the echoes \nrolling. No garri.son is needed there in "these piping times of peace," and so no officers or men are e.xiled \nto this dreary spot. Life in such a place with its unvarying routine must have been monotonous enough \nto have made the soldiers wish for the comparative liveliness of the tomb. And how much more inexpres- \nsibly solitary it must have been before the railroad cheered the spot with its presence. \n\nIt is not a great distance now to New Orleans, and the Ellen N. on this home stretch goes through a \nregion as wild and tropical as in the most characteristic portions of Florida. Rugged, gnarled live oaks lift \nthemselves from the half reclaimed swamp land and their every branch is draped with long gray .Spanish Moss. \nPines and Cypresses are hidden by this mysterious plant of the air, and it veils the nakedness of their limbs \nand kindly hides the ravages of time. The watery wa.stes are filled with palmettoes, whose green bayonet-like \nshafts gleam in the sunshine, while beneath them the lazy alligator slowlj\' crawls awaj\' frightened bj- the \nthunder of the rushing train. \n\n"Lor\' bless you, miss," said the porter to Bea, "there\'s more \'gators in dis here swamp than dere\'s \npeople in Norf America. When the>- all done built dis railroad de \'gators was so plenjous dat dey used \nthem for railroad ties. Solemn truf ! for de Lor", miss, for I\'se seed \'em a thousand times." \n\nAnd Bea smiles in verj\' evident doubt. But now Lee, Micheand and Gentilh\' have been passed and \nhouses begin to appear on the right and left. We are in the environs of New Orleans and the train slows \nup as it enters the city. On and on, however, past the strange looking houses and narrow streets, until \nat last the Mississippi, Father of Waters, bursts upon our e\\\'es and we see the nmltitudinous vessels that \nlie at the far extended whar\\-es, we catch a glimpse of the bu.sy levee, and while all these new and unac- \ncustomed sights are still bewildering us the train stops. Our journey for the present is over. We are in New \nOrleans and we find as we leave the car that Ellen N. has kindly brought us right into the heart of the city \nand landed us at the foot of Canal Street, the great central thoroughfare of the place. \n\n\n\n\neanA \n\n" You\'ll find New Orleans just like a \nforeign cit}-," said a lady at the hotel to Bea, \n\xe2\x80\xa2 and you can see it without crossing the ocean \nand being dreadfully sea-sick." " And do you \nknow what I told her?" obser^-ed ray sister \nwhen she afterward quoted the remark to me. \n\' \' No, what was it ? " " \\V[\\y, I said that riding \non the Ellen N. to New Orleans and having a \ndelightful time all the trip, was a great deal \nbetter than being sea-sick." But I must not \nwander away from the thread of my narrative \nto tell what we said, but what we saw. And \n\nIf canal le Fre ch held swav, t; the west was the American quarter, and the long, tree-shaded promenade \nm ^"1" middle of the wide street was no man\'s land. Just now, however, th.s neutral ^-^d appears to la e \nbeen prettv thoroughlv monopobzed by the street cars. Every line m New Orleans, and by the waj Msitmg \nBostonians, anxious to be minutely correct, call the cars "mule cars.\' \n\n\n\n-f-Y\'X^\'.- 0--W \n\n\n\nstarts on Canal street, and the cars \nalwavs beo-in and finish their tnp at the same place. There are little sentry- boxes in the middle of the street \na tl^ croi nls and Bea and I were not long in finding that the men who occupied them were as good as \nfuide book \'Snal street," sagelv remarked Bea, "improves upon acquaintance. I never saw such a \nftree? for shippiS and with the stores and windows all open so that yoi> can see everything there ,s to \ne 1 Then th^nk of he people we have seen, Americans, half a dozen different kinds. Frenchmen, Gennans \nMexicli Spanrards taHans, and I don\'t know how many others." And I guess that it is a good street \nMexicans, bpaniarcis, , ^ ^ ^^^ ^^ ^^^^ magnificent effects produced by distance, for \n\n\n\nfor shopping, not to mention its splendid buildings and \n\nBea dragged me into twenty stores where neither of us wanted to buy anjthing. \n\n\n\nI need hardly say that the \n\n\n\nfirst place wliicli \\vc set oul lo visit in earnest was the Frendi Marki.t. \\Vc had heard of it long Ixffore we \nhad read tieorge \\V. Cable\'s novels, still they had stirred our curiosity more than ever. To reach the market \ntake a car on Canal street, or you can walk, as it is only aljont five squares from the Post Office. Were we \ndisappointed.\' No, the half has never lieen told. Of course, the market buildings are more or less like all \nsuch slni(5tures, except for their great si/e, but the diversified multiplicity of what is offered for sale is without \na precedent, unless a score or two of Wandering Jews might get together, and fonning a pool, start an auction. \nThe buyers and sellers are a study. \n\n"What in the world is there," I asked liea, \xe2\x96\xa0llial can not In- hou-hl Ikix:\' I ju.st saw a man .selling \nkid gloves, and I\'ve noticed thai everything else thai ,i man miglil want for his toilet, from a pair of shoes \nto a silk hat, is for sale." \n\n"And I\'ve noticed," she chimed in. "thai a woman might dress herself from top to toe, while you can \nfurnish a hou.se, attic to cellar, not to mention the fact that there is almo.st enough food in sight to keep an \nanny for a week or two, and it includes all the \'delicacies of the season," as the papers say." \n\nAnd then the people! they furnish entertainment in themselves, and the mo.st careless observer finds \nsomething of interest from the old Indian woman\xe2\x80\x94 at lea.st they look old\xe2\x80\x94 who .sell reed baskets and gumbo, \nand on and on up to the prettiest and most modern French girl selling bon-bons. Ever>- visitor buys some- \nthing as a souvenir, and of course invests in fruit. Oranges and bananas purchased at the French market \nhave a peculiar tropical sweetness, and really one never knows the real deliciousne.ss of Southern fruit until \nhe goes South. Then, too, strangers must take a cup of cafe an tail, ore cafe iioir which, translated, means \ncoffee with milk or black coffee. Bea said that the caf^ an lai I w-as about as bad as the coffee that our last \nnew cook made, or rather tried to make ; but I found mine extremely palatable, while it was jolly fun to sit \nat one of the market tables and eat the fresh bayou oysters. \n\nJust oppo.site the market is Jackson vSquare and the Cathedral. In the center of the square is a statue \nof "Old Hickory," identical with the one we had already seen at Nashville. The square is a very pretty \nPark, filled with blooming tropical plants and shrubbery; while orange trees, yellow with fruit, shade the \nbenches. Small, white shells fonn the paths which circle about the .square; and Bea was greatly taken with \nthe children who romped around, chatting awa\\- in French, and occasionally breaking out in English. \n\n"They play just like our Cincinnati children, \' remarked Bea, as though she had made an unlooked- \nfor discovery. \n\nThen I went on to e.xplain that of cour.se they did, for Americans are Americans the world over ; and, \nmy explanation finished, we strolled over to the Cathedral. It is a very old .stuccoed .structure, built in a \nsemi-Spanish-Mexican style, and it .shows its age. We entered by the little side door, for the ponderous front \ndoors are only opened on feast days and Sundajs. and were startled by the beaut>- of the interior. Here is \nsome of the finest frescoeing and mural painting to be found on the continent. There is one especially \nfine piece back of the high altar. It is a picture of St. Louis; the good and gentle I/)uis IX. starting \nout on his last crusade. He is dressed in the garb of the Crusader, with the holy red cross upon his brea.st, \nhis Queen stands by his side, while the nobles of his gorgeous Court and a brilliant array of Cardinals and \nprelates are ranged around. Then the pictures of the Apostles, heroic size, are most excellent. \n\nThere was another church which we visited, and which the stranger should not miss seeing. It is the \nChurch of the Jesuits on Baronne street, just a square from Canal ; and its elaborate interior decorations \nremind one of some of the splendidly ornamented halls in the Alhambra. \n\nBut to return to the Cathedral. On either side is a characfteristically .Spanish building, whose heavj- \npillared arcades are unique. The>- are used as Court Houses, and it seems very odd to see modem, nineteenth \ncentury notices of law-suits stuck over their ancient, seventeenth centurj- sides. \n\nOf course we rambled over the French part of the city and saw its beauties a-foot. All visitors see the \nFrench quarter on foot \xe2\x80\x94 that is, if they see it at all\xe2\x80\x94 for riding is simply an aggravation ; then, beside, ven,- \nfew of the streets are wide enough to ride through, anyhow. \n\n"These houses are a never-ending surpri.se," said Bea, after one of these long rambles. "There are \nno duplicates, and each hou.se .seems to have been built on a plan of its own." \n\nI need not say that the result has been peculiar. The houses in New Orleans admit of everything; \nbut one thing they must have, and that is, plenty of verandas. One veranda will not answer\xe2\x80\x94 there must \nbe verandas on verandas and shaded balconies on shaded balconies. But, if the visitor is not wary, he will \nfind that the channing bric-a-brac stores in the FVench quarter will utterly drain his pocket-book ; but, at the \nsame time, the French restaurants will fill his stomach and make life .seem worth the living. The restaurants \nare intensely New Orleanish. The\\- are not only one of the institutions, but one of the curiosities. You are \nser\\\'ed a delicious dinner \xe2\x80\x94 the cooking being thoroughly and delightfully French \xe2\x80\x94 for fifty cents, and a small \nbottle of light wine comes with it. Dinner is not eaten until late in the afternoon, for here people .sen.sibly eat \ntheir heavy meal at their leisure, after the day\'s work is done, and the evening is given up to social amusement. \n\nBea had somehow formed the idea that Lake Ponchartrain was a big, muddy pond, and she was ver\\- \nmuch surprised on visiting it to find an inland lake, whose waters stretched awa\\\' until the sky closed down \nupon them. There are two places on the Lake which are to be seen. West End and Spanish Fort. To reach \nthem take the dummy, or narrow gauge railway, that .starts on Canal .street above Carondelet. The fare is \nonly fifteen cents. These two resorts are the Coney Island and Rockaway Beach of New Orleans. Here are \nmagnificent gardens, rare trees, broad pavillions, great hotels; and in the sultry nights of .summer the people \n\n\n\nlUji. \n\n\n\n\nthrong here by the thousands. They listen to the music, see a comic opera or \ncomedv promenade through the grounds or gather at the tables and talk \no\\er their cream and lemonade, or it is perhaps something stronger. We \nfound the ride to the lake very charming. The roads lead directtly through \nthe \xe2\x80\xa2,wamps which environ New Orleans; and its distinctively tropical \nvegetation was grateful to our Northern eyes. On the return-trip from \nWest End stop-off, at the cemeteries, it will cost nothing extra\xe2\x80\x94 \n-md take a stroll through them. It is hard to say whether the \n(.1(1 or new cemeterj- is the most interesting. Of course everybody \nkn.Avs the dead are buried in tombs above the ground; for if \n-ra\\ LS were dug they would be filled with water even as the spade \nwent down into the earth. Some of the tombs are more than a \ncentury old, and the epitaphs in French, you know, breathe a spirit \nof simple piety that is beautiful. The tombs and monuments in \nthe new cemetery are more pretentious than those which were built \nearlier, and are more in keeping with modern ideas. We especially \nnoted the tomb of General Albert Sidney Johnson\xe2\x80\x94 that brave South- \nern soldier, who fell fighting at the awful battle of Shiloh\xe2\x80\x94 and \nthe monuments to General Robert E. Lee and the Confederate dead. \nMany of these tombs are built like miniature Grecian temples. \nOthers follow the lighter Gothic style of architecture ; while again \nothers have been built according to the uncurbed fancy of the \narchitedl. "I don\'t want to be sacreligious," obser\\-ed Bea, as we \npassed beneath an orange tree in the new cemeter\\ but some \nof these tombs are just fitted for the Romeo and Juliet stor\\ \nYou see that a young girl\'s fancv lighth turns \nto thoughts of love tales even amid the most \nsolemn surroundings; and the en\\iron \nments of these cemeteries are most cer \ntainly solemnly mournful. All around the \ngloomy swamp shuts them in, while the \nhea\\j with \n\n\n\ntall cedars and live oaks, \ndrooping Spanish moss, \nclose the vista. These \nbare trees are inexpressibly \nsad. Many are dead; yet the \n.M \\(,N()i I vs. moss, which has sucked the \n\nsap of their life, still lives \nand flourishes. Where could a better emblem be found of that specter \nof which Coleridge speaks, Life in Death? And now we take the cars, a \n\nriding #ast beautiful residences and wide extended gardens\xe2\x80\x94 themselves worth \nvisit, we are again amid the hum and bustle of Canal street. On :Mardi Gras \nand Christmas Eve this great thoroughfare, always interesting and attracts e \nis at its best. It is then superlative. Christmas Eve is observed by a grind \nimitation, or rather realistic representation, of Pandemonium. Bea keeps -i \ndiary, and I remember that she graciously read me some extracts, one of which \nran as follows : " \'Tis the night before Christmas, and all of the boys are blow \ning tin horns and making a noise." Noise is a mild term\xe2\x80\x94 infernal racket would \nbe\xc2\xb0better. Northern people think Fourth of July is bad enough, but it does not \nbegin to compare with Christmas Eve in New Orleans. All the city throngs \nCanal street, and everybody that is not blowing a tin horn is firing off Chinese \ncrackers or fire -works of some kind. Overhead, the long row of electric light \ntwinkle and blaze ; and below, the wide avenue seems on fire. All is light ind \nmovement ; everybody is joyously laughing. Even the pretematurally solemn \nmules of the street cars grow frisky and sportive, and fling up their heels in i \nhighly suggestive manner. On Christmas Eve all New Orleans is bent on \nhaving a good time and making a noise ; and they succeed. But when INIardi \nGras comes the city is yet madder and merrier. Flags and gay banners flutter \nfrom all the houses, and when night comes the Carnival is wildly joyous \nThen comes the gorgeous procession of the INIystic Krewe, which presents \none of the most brilliant spectacles in the worid. I feel, however, that \nit is almost a waste of time and paper to speak of the Carnival; for where \nis there a traveler who has not read all about it a hundred times? At the foot ot \nCanal street, and just bevond the L. & N, Depot, is the levee, where is piled \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nBE.\\\'S M.\\RDI-GR,\\S. \n\n\n\nthe merchandise of an extensive and ever-growing trade. There are hales and hales of cotton, hundreds of \nharrels of sugar, and hogsheads of molasses without number; while there are enough roustatxjuts, all \nsinging their strange songs, to people a colony. The great ocean steamers lie side by side with the "floating \npalaces" that ply up and down the Mississippi. Perhaps a man-of-war lies in mid-channel, with her bow \nsturdily pointed up-stream, while the flag of her nation floats from the peak. Across the river lie the \ntowns of Algiers and Tunis. The river makes a grand sweep as it flows toward the Gulf beyond the city, \nand this is called the "English Turn." In the war of 1S12 the English sailed up to this point, but they \nnever went further. Gen. Jackson stopped them, and the old battle-ground is still to be seen. In the \nlate war the batteries of Chalmette were planted on the spot, and hard by is the Great National Cemetery, \nwhere hundreds of the "lx)ys in blue" lie awaiting the bugle-blast which wll summon them to "fall in" \nthe Eternal Ranks. Here is the G. A. R. monument, and the visitor will i nd it worth seeing. Walking \ndown the levee as far as Esplanade street, the U. S. Mint is reached, the Sugar E.xchange having been \npassed on the way. \n\nHea and I not only took the customary trip to the "jetties," which are really very interesting \xe2\x80\x94 \nalthough the ride on the river and the views in /\xe2\x80\xa2ussaiit are by far the best part of the journey \xe2\x80\x94 but we \ntook a ride up the river and visited several sugar plantations. A good plan is to go up the river as far \nas Baton Rouge, and then come back. The tourist obtains in this way an excellent idea of the country, \nsees the levees, the bayous, and learns more about Louisiana along the river than he could if he read a \nthousand books. \n\nOnce again in New Orleans, we rambled again over the streets, now grown familiar, but none the \nless attracflive. Again we visited the gloomy post-oflice, dark and heavy externally, with its Egyptian \nexterior, but with a great hall, which quite redeems the struclure. This hall is of white marble, and at \none end is a very handsome piece of mural sculpture. There is the pelican nursing her young, the seal \nof Louisiana ; and on one side is Bier\\\'ille, founder of New Orlean.s \xe2\x80\x94 and on the other Jackson, its defender. \nAgain we took long rides through the residence streets ; and in fadl the city is more or less a huge suburb. \nOnce more we delighted in the oddities of the French quarter, and reveled in the deliciousness of the fruit \npurchased in the French market. Then we packed up our traps and prepared to take a nm through \nFlorida. But I must say a word about the hotels. The tourist will find that in New Orleans he can \nsecure first-class accommodations at just what he would pay in other American cities. And, if he wishes, he \ncan secure rooms and eat where he pleases ; for the restaurants are not only numerous, but exceptionally good. \n\nIf the traveler is going further West, he can slip over to Galveston, Texas, and from thence on \nthrough the Lone Star State to Mexico. \n\n\n\n\'\'\'^^0 ^/ejb \n\n\n\n\nW. X. HAI.DEMAN, HAIL Y. \n\nrRHS.DKNT. WEEk\'LY. \n\n\n\nHENRY WATTILRSON, \n\n\n\nTHE Louisville Qourier- J ournal , \n\nTHE REPRESENTATIVE NEWSPAPER OF THE SOUTH, \n\nIts Weekly Issue having the Largest Ci rculation of any Democratic \n\n\n\nT \n\n\n\nNewspaper in the United States. \n\nHE COURIER-JOURNAL has a national reputation; it is tiie acknowledged Representative Newspaper of \nthe South; is Democratic in Politics; and, first, last, and all the time, is for a Reduction of the War Taxes, \nas levied on the people by the tariff "ow in force. \xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0"\'\' \n\nThe Daily and Sunday editions of the Courier-Journal are not only recognized as the direct representa- \ntives of a vast majority of the newspaper readers in Louisville and in tlie State of Kentucky, but also have a \nwide circulation throughout the South and West. ...-\xe2\x80\xa2.-\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nTHE WEEKLY COURIER-JOURNAL is tiie best weekly newspaper published in the United States, and> \nfor the quantity and quality of matter that appears in each issue of it, it is the Cheapest. Its Telegraphic News \nfacilities outclass any other paper, and it has the services of the ablest writers and correspondents in the country. \nIt presents the News of the Week from every section of the world. It gives to its readers, throughout the year, \na greater number of Serial and Sh\xc2\xbbrt Stories by prominent and popular writers than any of the high-priced maga- \nzines. It is in every respect a Model Political and Family Paper. ..\xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\xa2-\xe2\x80\xa2 \nThe Weekly Courier Journal has nv far the Largest \nCirculation of any Democratic Newspaper in America. \n\nThe Weekly Courier-Journal has no rival in the South. The Southern people recognize it as being in \nfull sympathy with their social life, and as the ablest and truest exponent of their political convictions. Its circula- \ntion among farmers is equal to that of any exclusive agricultural weekly. Into their homes it is warmly welcomed \nas a friend and we say with confidence that satisfactory returns are certain from any investment in its advertising \ncolumns Its circulation in some of the Southern States is equal to that of the combined circulation of all the \nnewspapers of those States. It is acknowledged by press and people throughout the United States to be a great \npaper\xe2\x80\x94 great in size, great in enterprise, great in ability, great in its correctness of information, great m variety \ngreat in every sense of the word. It is the paper that everybody should have. \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x96\xa0 \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nThere are but few post-offices in all the South that it does not go to every week in the year. It is not \nonly creditable to the enterprise of its publishers, but equally a credit to the city of Louisville, where it is pub \nlished that the Weekly Courier-Journal should have attained the enormous circulation our subscription list: \nshow \'it to have. It regularly visits each week in the year over ioS,ooo homes\xe2\x80\x94 the homes of its yearly subscribers \n-and, as each copy sent out has at least four or five readers, it regularly reaches over half a million readers. \n\n. A list of handsome and useful premiums, of great variety, are offered free to yearly subscribers. On \nFREE PREMIUMS, receipt of a request for them, we will send, /,<.<r of charge, a sample copy of Weekly Courier-Jolrnal \nand our Premium Supplement, giving our full list of premiums, to any address. \n\nStJBSCRIl=TION TKRMS. \n\nWeekly, one year, without premium, J\'-^S \n\nWeekly, one year, including a free premium, i-So \n\nWeekly, to clubs of five and over, without premium, each i-i\xc2\xb0 \n\nWeekly, to clubs of five and over, with free premium to each subscriber, each, 1.30 \n\nFor every Club of Five Sanies sent ns at one time, the sender of Club will be sent, \n\nas SI present, any one of our Free rrenllunis, selected by him. \n\nDaily (except Sunday), one year \'\xc2\xb0-o\xc2\xb0 \n\nDaily (except Sunday), six months, 5-fo \n\nDaily (except Sunday), one month, i-\xc2\xb0\xc2\xb0 \n\nSunday, one year, I2.00 Sunday, six months, i.oo \n\n. No Traveling Agents are employed by the Coirier-Joi-rnai., but a good Local Agent is wanted for it in every com- \nmunity, to whom a liberal cash commission is allowed. If the Courier-Journai. has no Local Agent in your neighborhood, \nsend to us for our Agent\'s Canvassing Outfit, which we send free of charge. . . \xe2\x96\xa0 \xe2\x96\xa0 \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nftsr \\\\\\ advertisements, subscription orders, requests for outfits, sample copies, etc., should be addressed to \n\nW. N. HALDEMAN. \xe2\x80\xa2 Ju\'SSiSu-ISco. \xe2\x80\xa2 Louisville, Kv. \n\n\n\nists \n\n\n\nOhio rails C><ar (^ \n\n\n\nJEFFERSONVILLE, IND. \n\n\n\nom|3any, \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n1 \xe2\x96\xa0, to 20 P reisjht Cars per da \n\n200 (- ir \\\\ heels per day. \n\n1 25 I\' issenger Cars per year. \n\n\n\n. huildrr and manufacturer \xe2\x80\xa2 \nPa^SENGKR and PrEICtHT \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 \xc2\xab Railroad Cars \xc2\xab \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Car Wheels \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nCAR AND OTHBR CASTINGS, \n\nBRASSES AND FORCINGS \n\n\n\nOur facilities for obtaiiiini,^ materials (Coal, Iron and Lumber), both by river and rail, \nare unsurpassed by any other Car Works in the United States. \n\n\n\nDR. JOHN BULL\'S \n\nSmiths TonTcSyrup \n\nFOR THE CURE OK \n\nFEVER AND AGUE, OR CHILLS AND FEVER, \n\nAND ALL MALARIAL DISEASES. \n\n\n\nTHE proprietor of this celebrated medicine justly claims for it a superiority over all \nremedies ever offered to the public for the safe, certain, speedy and permanent cure \nof Ague and Fever, or Chills and Fever, whether of short or long standing. He refers \nto the entire western and southern country to bear him testimony to the truth of the \nassertion that in no case whatever will it fail to cure if the directions are strictly followed \nand carried out. In a great many cases a single dose has been sufficient for a cure, and \nwhole families have been cured by a single bottle, with a perfect restoration of the \ngeneral health. It is, however, prudent, and in every case more certain to cure, if its \nuse is continued in smaller doses for a week or two after the disease has been checked, \nmore especially in difficult and long-standing cases. Usually this medicine will not \nrequire any aid to keep the bowels in good order. Should the patient, however, require \na cathartic medicine, after having taken three or four doses of the Tonic, a single dose of \nKENT\'S VEGETABLE FAMILY PILLS will be sufficient. b^-Use no Other Pills. \n\n\n\nBULL\'S SARSAPARILLA is the old and reliable remedy for impurities of the blood \nand scrofulous affections \xe2\x80\x94 the King of Blood Purifiers. .... \n\n\n\nBULL\'S VEGETABLE WORM DESTROYER is prepared in the form of Candy \nDrops, attractive to the sight and pleasant to the taste. .... \n\n\n\nDR.-J0HN-B1JLLS \n\n\n\nSMITH\'S TONIC SYRUP. \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nBULL\'S SARSAPARILLA, \n\n\n\nBULL\'S WORM DESTROYER, \n\n\n\nThe Popi-ilar Remedies of the Day. \n\n\n\nPrin cipal Office. \xe2\x80\xa2 LOUISVILLE KY. " 831 Wes t Main St \n\n\n\nMcrerran, Shallcross & (^o, \n\nLOLIISX^ILI^B, KV. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 PORK\' PACKKRS, rK()\\ISl()\\ DKALKRS \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nAND CURKRS OK THE KAMOUS \n\n\n\nMiA GINIO L I A \xe2\x80\xa2 HA M \n\n\n\n\nAnnual Cuk \n\nOF \n\n375.000. \n\n\n\nARE WINTER CURED., \n\nThe finest in the world. Pieces. \n\n\n\nI MAGNOLIA HAMS \n\nS\'cSS S\'^ms Perfect in Cut, Cure, m Flavor, \' \n\nEvery ham guamntced. Ask your Grouei- for ilai^iiolias. \n\nMoFERRAN. SHALLCROSS & CO., LOUISVILIX, KY. \n\n\n\nTie Magnolia is the Largest Ciiiv of strictly Winter iSugar-Ciired \n\xe2\x80\xa2 Canvased llains made in the World \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nTHE MOST DELICIOUS HAMS. \xe2\x80\x94The MAGNOLI.A. is cured under the Best Formula Known, with \nTHE Purest and Most Expensive Ingredients. The Art of Ham-Curing has culminated in the \nMAGNOLIA. The rROOF of the I\'uddino is in the eating. \xe2\x96\xa0 \xe2\x96\xa0 ...... \n\n\n\nAsk Your Grocer for MAGNOLIAS And Take Nu otlier \n\n\n\nEVERV HAM GUARANTEED. \n\n\n\nSPRING HILL DISTILLERY ^\xc2\xbb \n\xe2\x80\xa2 HMMAOE . SOURJVIASH WHISKY. \n\n\n\n\nTHE "Spring Hill" Whisky is the product of a distillery located near Frankfort, Franklin \nCounty the Capital of Kentucky, and is situated at a point immediately between L. C. cSc L. \nRailroad and the Kentucky River. Shipments are made b>- either, without cartage. This location \nis in the finest Whisky-producing district of the State, which is the home of all the most expensive \nand popular brands of the State. The "Spring Hill" has no superior among them all, and we \nhave every confidence that a trial with any of them will result in such a conclusion, \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nTT is rich and full in flavor, without the coarseness characteristic of so much of the Kentucky \n1 Whisky. With age it takes on the flavor of ^ladeira Wine or a fine Cognac Brandy. We own \nsome of the Whisky of each year\'s production up to this time, which has never been out of our \npossession. That which is obtained from us may be relied upon for absolute purity and of the \nage it is represented to be. Whether for the connoisseur \nrecommend it. The picture accompany \nthe Distillery premises. \n\n\n\nthi \n\n\n\nadvertisement \n\n\n\nthe invalid we unhesitatingly \n; a fac-simile representation of \n\n\n\nreliable, m smal \n\n\n\norder that persons, who desire to secure Whisk>-, good and in every wa\\- \n\nnit up the oldest, six years, in cases of one dozen bottles each. The labels ha \n\n\n\n1 quantity, we pv \n\na similar representation of the Distillery. \n\n\n\n;OR the reliability of our statements we refer to the Bankers, Merchants, Physicians and the \ncitizens generally of Louisville and Frankfort, Ky. ..\xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nJ NO. COCIIR.W cK: CO. \n\nPROPR IETORS, \n\nFRANKFORT, K V. \n\n\n\nTllL COCHRAN ril/roN CO. \n\nGEN\'L AGENT S. \n\nLOUISVILLE. KY. \n\n\n\nLOUISVILLE, \nKY. \n\n\n\nQ_^hess-Carley Company \n\n- llhiiiiinatiiitf Oil. ^ Liibricatiiio- Oil. \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n* riRE-PR00F 01li \n\n\n\nSPECIALTY \n\n\n\nABSOLUTE SAFI\'TY FOR SOUTIIF.RX IIOMl-: \n\n\n\n. . \xe2\x80\xa2 GOI.l) MKDAl. A\\VARl)i:i) \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\xa2 \nWorld\'s Incluistrifil l\xc2\xa3>cposition, New Orleans. \n\n\n\nBRANCHES \n\n\n\nAlbany, Ga. \nAilanta, Ga. \nAii<justa, Ga. \nBirmin.srliam, Ala. \nBrunswick, Ga. \nCairo, Ills. \nCharleston, S. C. \nCharlotte, N. (". \nChattanooga, Tenn, \nChicago, Ills. \nColumbia, S. C. \nColumbus, Ga. \nHelena, Ark. \nHenderson, Ky. \nJacksonville, Fla. \n\n\n\nTURPENTINE \n\n\n\n\nCOI.n MKD.-\\L AVV.\\RDEn \n\nBY THE \n\nSouthern \xe2\x80\xa2 Exposition, \n\nLOUISVILLE, KY. \n\n\n\n\nBRANCHES \n\nLexington, Ky. \nLudlow, Ky. \nLumber Ciiy, Ga. \nMacdu, Ga. \n.M()l)ile, Ala. \nMemphis. Tenn. \nMeridian, Miss. \nNashville, Tenn. \nNew Orleans, La. \nOwenshoro, Ky. \nPudacah, Ky. \nPensacola, Fla. \nSavannah, Ga. \n\\\'ickshurg, Miss. \nWilmington. N. C. \n\n\n\nROSIN \n\n\n\nWRAMPELMEIER & CO \n\n\n\nMANUFACTURERS : \n\n\n\n^V1^0T. ESALE A ND \n\n. . RETAIL DEALE RS \n\nIN ALL KI.NDi \n\n\n\n. FaRNiraRE, Mattresses, Ere. \n\n\n\n\nCHAMBER, \n\nDkawinu Room, \n\n\n\nryRNiryRE \n\nLIBRARY, \n\nDining Room & \n\nOFFICE. \n\n\n\nHOTEL, \n\nPublic Hall, \n\nLODGE, \n\n\n\naPH0LStERV \n\nSOCIETY, \n\nCHURCH, \n\nBANK, Etc. \n\n\n\nSTORES: - 544, 546, 548 & 550 Foarth Ave, FACTORY: - Fifleenth, Rowan and Portland Ave, \n\nLOUISVIT.LE, KV. \n\n\n\n\nHll5 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nICSTvVBUIJSHEI), 183S. \n\n\n\nCornwall & Brother, \n\n\n\nLOUISVILLH, KY. \n\n\n\nI-INE MILLED TOILET AND LAUNDRY \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Soaps -Candles \n\n\n\nSpeci\xc2\xa3il l-*rice5i on A.pplioi^ition. \n\n\n\nKSTA.R]^ISHE1) 1829. \n\n\n\nBRIDGEFORD & CO \n\n\n\n.y.i\\(\'/:i(Tiu/:h\'s or \n\n\n\nAlVEERICAN HOT \n\n\n\nRESTAUR AN T \n\xe2\x80\xa2 and FANl \n\n\n\nE RANGES \n\n\n\n\nALSO, SOLE AL-iyCFACTURERS OF T/IF \n\n\n\nRoyal Amp:rican Wood and Columbian Coal \n\n\n\nG00KING STOVES \n\n\n\nFRANKLTN \xe2\x80\xa2 ORIENT \n\n\n\n\\D A 1(1.!. I.I.\\I: \xc2\xab\'/\xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n\nHeating and Cooking Stox^es. \n\nLOUISYILLK, KV Sei^cl for CeataloKue . BrIDGEFORD CC Oo. \n\n\n\nW. p. PYNE, \n\n\n\nMACHINIST, MILLWRIGHT AND MILL FURNISHER. \n\n\n\n\nMANUFACrrRKR Ol- \n\n\n\nPorlablelmiaiid- Wheat -Mills, \n\n\n\nMILL MACHINERY. \n\n\n\nALSO, lU\'ILHER OF \n\n\n\nSTONE AND ROLLER MILLS \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 OF LATEST STYLES \xe2\x80\xa2 \nSpecial Attention given to Grinding and Corrugating Bolls. \n\n\n\nCONSTANTLY ON HAND FULL LINES OF \n\n\n\nHOSE. BELTING. PACKING. BRASS GOODS. IMPE AM) PIPE EITTIXGS. \n\n\n\nMANUFACTURERS\' SUPPLIES \n\n\n\njoBiuNG .i.xD A\'/-:r.i/A\'/\\(; soi.iciri:n \n\n\n\n\n\n\nAGENT FOR THF. CELKBRATED \n\nr:UREKA WIXI) MILLS AND PUMPS \n\nFOR SlI\'PLVINi; STOCK WATKR \n\n\n\n1 107 West Main Street, LOUISVILLE. KY. \n\n\n\nBarbee&Castleman. \n\n\n\nKire Insuirance \xe2\x80\xa2 Managers, \n\n\n\n504 Main Street, Louisville, Ky. \n\n\n\nCONTROL \n\n\n\n$40,000,000 \n\n\n\nFire Capital. \n\n\n\n\nADJUST \n\nAND \n\nPay Their Own \nLOSSES. \n\n\n\nM.A.x^Ob;i-ia OK THtc \n\n\n\nROYAL I NSURANCE \xe2\x96\xa0 COMPANY \n\n\n\nLondon \xe2\x80\xa2 Lancashire- Fire Insurance Company, \n\nOF LI\\"ERPOOL. \nAGENTS THROUGHOUT THE SOTTTH. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2DryG oqps * \n\n\n\nCARTER BROTHERS & CO. \n\nImporters and Jobbers, \n729, 731, ^2,7^ West Main Street, \n\nLouisville, Ky. \n\n\n\nNew York Office \n\n\n\n115 Worth Street. \n\n\n\nN0TI0NS AND-FaRNISHINsGeeBS \n\n\n\n\nLOUISVILLE HOTEL CO. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 PROPRIETORS \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nLLOYD \\V. WHITLOW. \n\n\n\n<g \n\n\n\nLouisville Hotel \n\n\n\nMain- Street, LOUISX\'ILLE, KV. \n\n\n\nXv \n\n\n\nHE GHIGAGO \n\n\n\nGar scAb Ge. \n\n\n\nU 1-^ 1-^ I C li \n\n\n\nRoom 4. Quincy Buildiii^ y, CHICAGO ILLS. ^""- 1 13 Adams Stree t. \n\n\n\nMAKE AN EXCLUSIVE Sl\'ECIALTV OF MANUFACTURING \n\nCrir Seals, \n\n\n\nSeal log Piai:LclT.es . . . . \n\nand Presses, \n\nCar Dooi^ Seal LocU^ \nand Kasteriers, \n\nAND HVHRVTHlXi; PHRTAIXING TO THH CAR SEALING BUSINESS. \n\n\n\nW \n\n\n\nE HAVE EXTENSIVE FACILITIES. AND CAN OFFER SPECIAL INDUCEMENTS BY PROMPTNESS \nAND LOW PRICES. SAMPLES AND MODELS SENT, AND PRICES GIVEN ON APPLICATION \n\n\n\nWe Solicit Your Business, and will he Pleased to Furnish \n\n\n\nAny Desired Information. \n\n\n\nWM. S. BREWSTER, :=.: \xe2\x96\xa0 A. H. PEIRCE \n\nPresident. Stc\'v .s: Treas. \n\n\n\nI Ikrdy Co. \n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0^ BRINLY, MILES & HARDY CO. Louisville, Ky, \n\n\n\n]A)\\V AND HKtH PRESSUKK \n\n\n\nSteam W \n\n\n\narming- and .^. \n\n\n\n# VentilatmcT Mpparatus, \n\n\n\nSIMPLIFIED AND ADAPTED TO WARMING \n\n\n\n<INOS OF \n\n\n\nPUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS, RESIDENCES, CHURCHES. DEPOTS, Etc. \n\n\n\n\nHOT WATER APPARATUS FOR GREEN HOUSES. Etc. \n\n\n\nBaker Patent Car Warmer \n\n\n\nBaker, Smith & C>\xc2\xabo, \n\n\n\n8i & 83 Jackson Street, \n\n\n\nCHICAGO, ILLS. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n-C-.ri_j-^^. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2^SpaRd^islel-^ \n\n\n\nOpp. Grand Central Depot. \n\n\n\nCor. Fourth & Central Ave. \n\n\n\nCINCINNATI. O. \n\n\n\nRAXES: \xe2\x80\x94 S3. OO and $4.00 per TDay \n\n\n\nROOMS WITH BATHS AND PARLORS EXTRA. \n\n\n\nWHAT- COMcStROPIC CYLINDER OIL \n\n\n\nOn a leading Railroad during the month of Septcmbei last, twenty round trips were made by \nalternating engineers on each locomotive. The result is, \n\n7480 MILKS FROM 91 PINTS, or 82A MILKS I\'J\'R IMM oF TRdl\'IC (YLINDFR nlL, \n\nbesides oiling Rod Bearings and Air Brakes. \n\nDuring the month of October last, engines on the sameRoad, running in same way, made \n\n5680 MILKS FROM 60 PIMS, or 945 MILKS PI-R PINT OF TROPIC CYLIXDKR OIL, \n\nbesides oiling si.\\ or eight Rod Bearings and usual Air Brakes. \n\nOn a different division of the sameRoad, engines operated in the same manner, made \n\n2260 MILKS KROM 25 PINTS, or 90! MILKS PKR PINT OF TROPIC CYLIXDKR OIL, \n\nbesides oiling Roil Bearings and Air Brakes. \n\nThe general average of mileage from our oil, for these two months, in all service, is not far from \n62 miles per pint, and we are certain, with exceptionally favorable devices for feeding the oil, all these \nfigures could have been greatly increased ; but what we desire to show is actual average results. We \nwant the benefit of the facts only. \n\nSample lots will be cheerfully sent to any Railroad desiring it, and we are certain of convincing \neven the most skeptical that, as to valve lubricants, \n\nTROPIC CYLINDER OIL IS "BEST VALUE." \n\nRespectfully, \nCINCINNATI a\xe2\x80\x9ed ST. LOUIS. INLAND OIL COMPANY. \n\n\n\nNEVER A DISTRESSED JOURNAL FROM POLAR GREASE, \n\n\n\n-OLLOWS THREE \n\n\n\nFirst \xe2\x80\x94 Hut Waste and pour on just enough car oil to wet the fibre of the waste through and through. It is \nbetter to let stand and thoroughly soak for awhile. \n\nSecond \xe2\x80\x94 Put Oil and Polar Grease and mix together to the consistency of batter. \n\nThird \xe2\x80\x94 Put the contents of tub No. i and No. 2 together and tlie Waste tlioroughly saturated with the mixture. \nYour packing is now ready for the packer\'s use. \n\nJournals dressed with this rich, fatty packing, run for weeks with but the least attention, rarely heat, and net a \nlarge mileage for a comparatively trifling cost. \n\n\n\nMORE THAN HALF the trouble with journals arises \nfrom carelessly packing them. Every experienced \nCar Inspector knows this. By the plan herein shown \n\nThe Waste is .made More Elastic, and holds better \nup to journal. ...... \n\nThe Oil Cheapens the First Cost of the Lubri- \ncant, and distributes it over the surfaces to greater \nadvantage. ....... \n\nThe Grease supplies Bodv and Actual Lubkicat- \nING Power to the oils, which are too thin and lean \nin anti-friction for the Fast Passenger or heavily \nloaded Freight Trains of this day. \n\n\n\nIN A WORD, the economy, the efficiency, and the \nlasting qualities of this Lubricating Compound are \nbeyond comparison the best obtainable. \n\nThese are Words ok Sober Truth. We have numer- \nous letters from managers of leading railways, \ncertifying to the success they have had with our \nPolar Grease, used ..... \n\nFirst.\xe2\x80\x94 FoK Hot Bo.x Cure. . . \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nSecond.\xe2\x80\x94 IcoR Hot Bo.x Preventive. \n\nI\xc2\xae- Used as above stated, we guarantee satisfaction \nor no bills payable. .... \n\nOrders Solicited. \n\n\n\nIXI.AXI) OIL COMPANY. C\\ \n\n\n\n.NATi .\\Mi St. Lor \n\n\n\n]])uplex*3^^^ni \'\'Pumps \n\n\n\n\nF OR COMPACTNESS, SIMPLICITY, QUIETNESS. RE LIABILIT Y AND DURABILITY \nTHESE PUMPS HAVE NO EQUAL. \n\nHALL STEAM PUMP COMPANY \n\n91 Liberty Street, NeW YoRK. \n\n\n\nA. S.WHITON, \n\n115 Broadway, - - New York. \n\n\n\nS teel rails, and \n\n\n\nR ail fastenings. \n\n\xe2\x80\x94 ^S teel blooms, and - \n\nSteel rail crops. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 RAILWAY \xc2\xbb EQUIPMENTS # \n\nPortland Cement and Block Chalk, \n\nOld Rails and Railway Supplies, \n\nTurntables and Rail Crossings. \n\n\n\nT ONTRACTS \n\n\n\nmade for delivery in the united states, west ind ies, \n\nsouth AMERICA OR F. O. B. ENGLISH PORTS. \n\n\n\nSOLE Ar.F.NT IN THE INITED STATES FOR \n\n\n\nThe Northfleet Coal & Ballast Company, \n\nI.lMlTF.n. OF LOXnON. \n\n\n\nS. ROGERS, President. \n\nR. S. HUGHES. Sec\'y & Treas. \n\n\n\nRogers Locomotive ( \n\nPATERSON, NEW JERSEY. # and MacHme Works, \n\nNew York Office, 44 Exchange Place. \n\n\n\n\n<^GAST-STEEU\xe2\x80\xa2yORI^S^ \nFRIED, KRUPP, ESSEN, GERMANY. \n\nAmerican Ofticc, 15 Gold Street, New York. \n\nRKI\'RKSENTKD HV \n\nTHOS. PROSSER & SON, \n\n1^. (). Box 13S7S. \n\n\n\nLOCOMOTIVE TIRES. ..... \n\nAXLES, CRANK PINS, \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 PISTON AND COUPLING RODS, \n\nSPRING AND TOOL STEEL. \nSTEEL FORCINGS, UP TO FIFTY TONS \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nSTEEL OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, FORGED, ROLLED, Etc \nINTO ANY FORM OR ARTICLE DESIRED \n\n\n\n\xc2\xab Steel-Tired \xe2\x80\xa2Wheels \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nTHESE Works cover an area of 1,200 acres, employ about 18,000 men, have the most improved plant and stand \nunique. They have their own Ore and Coal Mines, Blast Furnaces, etc., and every stage of manufacture is \nunder their own supervision, and they are not (like others) dependent on the open market for a miscellaneous \nassortment of crude material. This, in connection with seventy-five years\' e.xperience, enables them to turn out \na product of very superior quality, second to none, and at the same time the different grades of Steel are always \n\nof the SAME UN\'IFORM QUALITY. \n\nWe beg to call special attention to KRUPP\'S CRUCIBLE STEEL LOCOMOTIVE TIRES, which for the last \nthirty years have proved themselves to be tlie best and cheapest in the market. \n\nWhile the first cost of these is greater than of Open Hearth Steel (the grade usually furnished by other \nmakers), it has been fully demonstrated that the e.xtra amount invested in Krupp\'s Crucible Steel Tires, is more \nthan refunded by the increased wear obtained from them, to say nothing of their freedom from breakage, and the \nsaving elTected in shop account, etc., by extra length of time Engines can be run before requiring Tires turned. \n\nWe call attention to the superior quality of Krupp\'s Axles, Crank Pins, Piston Rods, etc., which are being \nused by several of the leading Railways with most satisfactory results. \n\nBeing in daily cable communication with Works, we fill orders at short notice. \n\nWhen ordering rolling stock, inserting in specifications that "Krupp\'s\' \nTires. Wheels (adding style of Wheel, with thickness, width and (lualiiy of \nTire), Axles, etc., are to be used, will insure satisfactory articles. \n\n\n\nESTABUISHEU ISliT. \n\n\n\nJoseph Dixon C^rucible C>\xc2\xabo, \n\n\n\nJERSEY CITY, N. J. \n\n\n\nMLXERS. IMPORTERS. AND MA.WFACT CRERS \n\n\n\nGRAPHITE \n\n\n\n\nMAKERS OF THE CELEBRATED \n\n\n\n\xc2\xbb DIXON\'S S^IS?^ PENCILS* \n\nUNRIVALED for smoothness and toughness of Leads, freedom from grit, and unitormity of grades.\xe2\x80\x94 10 grades \nof hardness for Artists and Draughtsmen \xe2\x80\x94 7 grades for Office and School use, and over 500 other kinds \nin No. 2 and 3 leads for general use. ......\xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nT \n\n\n\nALSO MANUFACTCREKS OF \n\nc- DIXON\'S \'or,Ko\'/ STOVE POLISH * \n\nHE oldest, best, and most reliable Stove Polish in tlie market. No dirt, no smell, and the quickest to \nproduce a lasting polish. ........ \n\n\n\nc. DIXON\'S PURE DRY AMERICAN GRAPHITE* \n\nITS superiority as a lubricant has been attested by all recent writers on friction. Its enduring qualities are \nseveral times greater than those of any oil. Unlike either oil or grease it is not affected by either heat or \ncold, steam or acids. It is equally useful for metal or wood surfaces. .... \n\n^\xe2\x80\xa2DIXON\'S PLUMBAGO CRUCIBLES \xe2\x80\xa2> \n\nAre the standard in this country and in Europe. \\\\\\ sizes from \\ lb. to 6lW lb. capacity. \n\n\n\n* DIXON\'S RAILWAY CAR GREASE \n\nIs unsurpassed for hot boxes and general lubricating purposes for railroads. \n\n\n\nWe shall be pleased i \n\n\n\nany and all inquiries concerning our products and to send explanatory circulars. \n\n\n\nThe Luuisville Ov: Xasliville R. R. use the Dixuii I\'ruducis. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 Ih.s Ad. in Uie L. & N. Book.) \n\n\n\nTi \n\n\n\nHE UNITED STATES \xc2\xab \n\n\n\nOLLING STOCK CO. \n\n\n\nOKKKRiS FOR \n\nLease to Railroads, \n\nFreight Lines, \n\nMining- Companies, \nLocomotive Engines, And Others , \n\nRefrigerator Cars, \n\nBox, Stock, Gondola, \n\nDump and Flat Cars. \n\n\n\n\' S PREPARED TO BUILD FOR LEASE AND ON CONTRACT FOR CASH. OR UNDER THE CAR \nTRUST SYSTEM. .SUCH ROLLING STOCK AS MAY BE REQUIRED. \n\n\n\nCAPACITY OF SHOPS: \n\n\n\n.VEll^ WORKS AT HEGF.U\'ISCH, \n\n\n\n\'r\\\\"enty Cars per Day. \n\n\n\nAT URBANA, OHIO, \n\nSixteen Cars per Day. \n\n\n\nSTORAGE YARDS:\xe2\x80\x94 Hk.(;ewiscii, Ii.i.s., Urbana. O. \n\n\n\n33 W^n ^/t New Vorlc A. Htut W 1 jlH, I FCS I. l^G Lc. S^lle Stre*.t \n\n\n\nMann Boudoir Car \n\n\n\nCOMFORT! . PRIVACY! \xe2\x96\xa0 LUXURY \n\n\n\nPERFECT VENTILATION ! \xe2\x80\xa2 NO DUST ! \xe2\x80\xa2 NO NOISE! \n\n\n\nThese Maoiiificeiif Cars are now running on the following Roads : \n\nCincinnati, New Orleans & Texas Pacific Railway, (Queen & crescent.) \n\nc/NC/xx.-i r/ A.vn .yew Orleans. \n\nLeave Cincinnati 7:40 A. M., 8:47 p. M. Leave New Orleans 12:30 p. M., 8:55 P. M. \n\n\n\nLouisville (!<: Nashville and Queen & Crescent Roads. \n\nLOUISVILLE AND CHATTANOOGA. \nLeave Louisville 9:05 p. m. Leave Chattanooga 6:25 p. m. \n\n\n\nGeorgia Pacific and Queen cSc Crescent. . . . . \n\nATLANTA AND NEIV ORLEANS. \nLeave Atlanta 4:30 p. m. Leave New Orleans 12:30 p. m. \n\nQueen & Crescent, E. T. Y. & G., and S. F. & W. Railways. \n\nCINCINNATI AND JACASONr/LLE, FLA. \nLeave Cincinnati 7:40 a. m., 8:47 p. m. Leave Jacksonville 7:30 a. m., 7:00 p. m. \n\n\n\nQueen & Crescent, W. & A., and Central of Georgia Roads. \n\nCINCINNATI AND JACk\'.SONlTLLE. FLA. \nLeave Cincinnati 8:47 p. m. Leave Jacksonville 7:00 p. \n\n\n\nWabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railway. . . . . \n\nCHICAGO AND ST. LOCIS. \nLeave Chicago 9:30 p. m. Leave St. Louis 8:00 p. m. \n\nCHICAGO AND KANSAS CITY. \nLeave Chicago 12:30 noon. Leave Kansas City 6:30 p. m. \n\nTOLEDO AND ST. LOUIS. \nLeave Toledo 2:30 p. m. Leave .St. Louis 6:40 p. M. \n\n\n\nChicago, Detroit & Niagara Falls Short Line. \n\nCHICAGO A. YD DETROIT. \nLeave Chicago 8:45 p. m. Leave Detroit 9.30 p. m \n\n\n\nNew York & Boston Express Line, (springfieid.) N. Y. N. H. & IL c^- P.. & A. Rds. \n\nNEir YORK A.VD BOSTON. \nLeave New York 10:30 p. m. Leave Boston i \n\n\n\nPRIVATE CARS~The private cars, "Adelina Patti," "Etelka Gerster," and \xe2\x80\xa2\'Janauschek," undoubtedly \n\' \xe2\x80\x94 \' the handsomest cars in the world, are for hire for short or long trips. \n\n\n\nTV/f ANN\'S BOUDOIR CAR CO. is now prepared to treat with R. R. companies for placing their cars in regular \nservice on their lines. For Airther particulars and descriptive books apply to \n\nNIANN\'S BOUDOIR CAR CO- \n\nIS T^^on^^^v\xc2\xa3\\y. (whiles Blu.dingi Xt\'-NV Vork. \n\n\n\nGeorge Westinghouse, Jr., President. H. H. Westinghouse, General Agent. \n\nJohn Caldwell, Treasurer. T. \\V. Welch, Superintendent. \\V. W. Card, Secretary-. \n\n\n\nTHE = \n\n\n\nWestinghouse * Air-Brake-*- C^o. \n\nPITTSBURGH, PA., U. S. A. \n\n\n\nM.\\XLI-A( TrRKKS OT TIIK \n\n\n\nWe stinghouse Automatic Brake, \n\nWestinghouse Locomotive Driver Brake, \n\nVacuum Brakes, \n\n(Westin^hious^e ;ind Siiaithi Patents). \n\n\n\n\xc2\xbbWESTlNGHefelSE- FREIGHT- BRAKE* \n\n\'T\'HE AUTOMATIC FREIGHT BRAKE is essentially the same apparatus as the .\\utomatic Brake for passenger \n^ cars, e.\\cept that the various parts are so combined as to form practically one piece of mechanism, and is sold \nat a very low price. The saving in accidents, flat wheels, brakemen\'s wages, and the increased speed possible \nwith perfect safety, will repay the cost of its application within a very short time. \n\n\n\n\'T\'HE "Automatic" has proved itself to be the most efficient Train and Safety Brake known. Its application is \ninstantaneous ; it can be operated from any car in the train if desired, and should the train separate, or hose \nor pipe fail, it applies automatically. A GUARANTEE is given customers against loss from P.\\TENT SUITS \non the apparatus sold them. \n\n\n\nThe WESTINGHOUSE BRAKE is now fitted to upwards of . . . . \n\n12.000 ENGINES AND 60,000 CARS, \n\nand is adopted by the princi[)al Railways in all parts of the world. \n\n\n\nFull I u format ion Funiisbcd on Application. \n\n\n\n11 \n\nllillfilSftBiiK^^^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n% \n\n\n\nfeu.: \n\n\n\n\n\n\n:. "^ .TjtTi \n\n\n\n"\'"\'*\' # \',jr\'^\'2^^^^:^^^^i\xc2\xabi! \n\n\n\nrt: \n\n\n\n\n\n\nirrrrrKr^mrrTTr^^ELLLLyuj^ \n\n\n\n\'ic^^^jJtiirj "1 \n\n\n\nDAILY CAPACITY. \n\nMILL "A." 7,000; MILL "B," 2,000; "ANCHOR," 1500; TOTAL. 10,50.) Bbls. \n\n\n\nG \n\n\n\nhas. A. Pillsbury & Co, \n\nMERCHANT MILLERS, Minneapolis, Minn. \n\n\n\nGeo. a. Pillsbury. \nJohn S. Pillsbury. \nChas a Pillsbury. \nFred. C. Pillsbury. \n\n\n\neyR BRANBS \n\nPillsbury\'s Best. \xe2\x80\xa2 Carleton. \n\nDiamond. Reform. \xe2\x80\xa2 Success. \xe2\x80\xa2 Anchor. \n\n\n\nReform. \nMinnesota Belle. \n\n\n\nPillsbury. \n\n\n\nStraight. \n\n\n\nAlaska. \n\n\n\nCrowi \n\n\n\nTonka. \n\n\n\nTHESE mills are three in number, with a capacity of 10,500 bbls. per day, or \nnearly 3,000,000 bbls. per year. To feed these mills requires 15,000,000 bushels \nof wheat annually. Our Pillsbury A mill has the largest capacity of any mill in \nthe world, consuming over 32,000 bushels of wheat per day. It is supplied with the \nbest machinery known to the milling trade; no expense has been spared to ensure \nperfection in all details, and it is the most perfect and costly mill on the globe. \n\nIn ordering flour, be sure and call for \xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0 Pillsbury\'s Best, " as interested parties \nwill try and supply you with an interior ilour upon which they can make a larger profit. \n\n\n\nCHAS R DII.WORTf \n\n\n\nSAM\'L. T OWENS. \n\nVICK-CHAIRMAN \n\nJOS. R. DILWORTH. \n\n\n\nDiLWORTH, Porter & Co. \n\n\n\n(LIMITED) \n\n\n\nPITTSBURGH. PA. \n\nRAILROAD-AND-BOAT \n\nSPIKES \n\n\n\nGEORGE WESTINGHOUSE, Jr., President \nASAPH T. ROWAND, Secretary, \n\nROBERT PITCAIRN, Treasui \n\n\n\nC. H. JACKSON, VicePres. & Gen. Manager. \nHENRY SNVDER, General Agent, \n\nHARVEY TILDEN, Contracting : \n\n\n\nCHARLES R. JOHNSON, Signal Engin \n\n\n\nUNION SWITCH AND SIGNAL CO. \n\nSOLE MANUFACTIRERS UK .XPI\'ROVKD \n\nRailway liuerlnckiiiii. Switching # Siifiialin|.i Aiipliances, \n\nWITH AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC LOCKING, \n\nWithout which no Interlocking is Safe. \n\n\n\nFROGS, CROSSINGS, SWITCHES AND SWITCH STANDS \n\n\n\n\nCatalogues. Plans and Estimates, with reference to about 500 apparatus in practical \noperation, will be furnished jtpon application. \n\n\n\n\nOFFICE A.XD W\'ORIvS: \n\nCorner Garrison Alley and Duquesne Way, \nPITTSBURGH, PA., U. S. A. \n\n\n\nCARNEGIE BROTHERS (^ CO. \n\n\n\nPITTSBUPvGH^PA. \n\nMANUFACTl\'RERS OF \n\nIron AM) Sti: i: L Hi:ams , \nCii anm: Ls. Tei:s, AnclI\'S. \nStkktikal Ik ox and Sthhi,. \n\nUNUSIAL SIZES AM )^HAPE.S \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 A SPECIALTY \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n\nE:^STA.13I,I^SHKD 17S: \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Transits, Levels, Leveling Rods, Chains, \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\xe2\x80\xa2 Chesterman\'s Taphs \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nPLANIMETERS, CLYNOMETERS, Etc. \n\n\n\nDrawiiiir \'\'Boards, \nTaper. \n" fnsfniiiic\'ii/s \nPat. Joint \nSwiss \n\nGerman " \n\n\'Brass \n\n\'Ti.T{. Curves. \nIrreoiilar \n\xe2\x80\xa2Jluffiilar " \n\'T Squares, \nTriangles, \nStraight Edges, \nTarallel T^ules, \nTrotractors. \n\'Tlnunb Tacks, \n\n\n\n\nIndia Iniis. \n\nLiquid India Inl^s, \n\nIndelible " " \n\nIndelible Colored Inks \n\nWater Colors. \n\n^loist \n\n\'Brushes of all kinds, \n\nInk Stabs. \n\nCabinet Saucers. \n\n14^ hat ma us Papers, \n\nProtile \n\nCross Section " \n\n\'Tracing \n\nTransit Books, \n\nLezel \n\nField \n\nPencils. \n\n\n\nCATALOGUES FREE\xe2\x80\x94 Send for .S4th Edition. \n\n\n\nOswald McAllister, \n\n\n\n[226 Chestnut Street, \n\n\n\nPHILADELPHIA, PA. \n\n\n\nSuccessor to \\V. Y. MCALLISTER, formerly at :-\'8 Chestnut \n\n\n\n* Penney lY?).niii S^^^I Gon^P^fiJ* \n\n\n\nSAM\' I. M. l"i;i/rON. rrcsicknt. I I,. S. lU-NT, V. Tres, & Gen. Mjjr. \n\n\n\n1^0,1;, I S. \\V. HAl.DW IN. N. V. Agt. \n\\S. Fourth St., Philadelphia. \\ F. \\V. WOOD. Superintendent. I STKKI.TOX. P.i. /fo Broadway, New York. \n\n\n\nFORCINGS \xe2\x80\xa2 , ^"\'^^t\'\' f^\xc2\xb0\'\xc2\xb0\xc2\xb0\xc2\xb0 """" \xc2\xb0\'" STI"-\'^I> Bi>(K)MS \n\nSteel per year. \n\n\n\nof any weijjht to order. \n\n\n\n- STEEL -- \n\nSHAFTING ... RAILS \n\n\n\nSLABS & BILLETS \n\n\n\nll.V.M.MlCRIvD \n\n\n\nHammered or Rolled. \n\n\n\nlaiidard T IJ \xc2\xbb 1 1 C \'\xe2\x96\xa0\'on. 76 lb \nems of L KAILS lbs. per\' \n\n\n\nMint- anil Car A.xUs \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\xa2 I Luuix Paitkk.ns ox Sixk-k, \n\nwith I\'\\astenings, Spikes, etc. \n\n\n\nKail I-asi(\'iiiii< \n\n\n\nSpikes. i:tc.. Ki \n\n\n\nSTREET RAILS \n\nASP .sr/:/:/. ccui/i.s \n\nTO ORDER. \n\n\n\nOpex- Hearth \n\n\n\nBessemer \n\n\n\nSprinor and MaciiiiRTy \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 STEEL- \n\n\n\nInterlocking Switching and Signaling Appliances \n\nFOR JUxNCTIONS, CROSSINGS, DRAWBRIDGES AND TER.MINALS. \nSecuring Safety from Accidents with I-xonomy of Operation. \n\n:STEEL RAIL..^^ FROGS. RAILROAD FROGS \nAND CROSSINGS, \n\nIMPROVED: SWITCHES:: AND:: SWITCH:: STANDS, \n\n(i\\ several tlifferent patterns, suited It) all uses. \n\n-;r Mix^nelo \xe2\x80\xa2 Eleclric \xe2\x80\xa2 Crossing \xe2\x80\xa2 Si^nixl \n\n\n\n\nbatltry, requires 110 winding up, works successful!)- with aUendance at \nery remote intervals, of motierate cost, and can be set up and put in operation \ny unskilled persons. \n\n9^- The capacity of the Frog Switch and Signal Department is very great. Good workmanship and materials \nalways guaranteed, with low prices. Fqr prices or information relating to such work address \n\nGEO. W. PAR.SONS, Sup\'t F. S. & S. Department, \n\nSTEELTON, PA. \n\n\n\nF.W. DEVOE&CO. \n\nESTABLISHED 1S52. \n\nFulton St., Cor. of William, NEW YORK \n\n\n\nMAAL-FACTURERS OF \n\n\n\nGOAGH AND GAR G0li0RS \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nOKOUNU IN JAl^v\\?\\. \n\nceived tlie h \nAppliances in Chicago. \n\n\n\nT70R tliese colors we received the highest award, the Gold Medal, at the National Exposition of Railway \n\n\n\nSPECIAL SHADES MADE TO ORDER. \n\nW/\'E furnish special body colors to Pennsylvania R. R., New York. Central, New York & New Haven, Lehigh \n\' \' Valley, New Jersey Central and other large Railroads. \n\nSpecial Shades for Stations, Freight Cars and Cabooses\xe2\x80\x94 Bridge and F^oof Paints, \n\n\n\n*FINE:VARN1SHES:AND:JAPANS* \n\nKOR COACHES AMD CARS, \n\nIVood Fillers, Wood Surfacers, Wood Stains. Hani Oil Finish. \n\n\n\n4V>^Kt niXED PAINTSN \n\nWE desire to call attention of consumers to the fact that we guarantee our ready-mixed paints to be made \nonly of pure linseed oil and the most permanent pigments They are not "Chemical," "Rubber," "Patent," \nor "Fire-proof." We use no secret or patent method in manufacturing them by which benzine and water are \nmade to serve the purpose of pure linseed oil. \n\nSAMPLE CARDS OF 50 DESIRABLE SHADES SENT ON REQUEST. \n\n\n\nWe manufacture Brushes of every TID ED T T *^ "W PT "^ \'"\xc2\xb0\'\' Artists, Painting, Varnishing, \ndescription ^-^ ^^^ ^-^ ^-^ ^^^ i-V^J Gilding, Striping. \n\nWHITE LEAD, ZINC WHITE, COLORS IN OIL. \n\n^^ ARTISTS^ ffiATERIAL2SN> \n\nF. W. D. & CO.\'S Tube Colors. F. W. D. c^ CO.\'S Fine Brushes. \n\nF. W. D. & CO.\'S Canvas. \n\nOUR Manufactures are used by and command the confidence of the leading artists of the country. A list of \nthose indorsing our goods sent on application. \n\nCrayon, Sculptors\' and Etcliin^ Materials. \xc2\xae Drawing Papers, Mathematical Instruments. \n\nCorrespondence Invited. \n\nCOFFIN, DEVOE & CO., i]6 Randolph Street, CHICAGO, ILLS. \n\n\n\ni/lsk your SLiliimcr for Es/rrhmok\' s Pens \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nKSTAHI.ISHEn 1S60. \xe2\x96\xa0 rSF.:THK: BF.ST \n\n^ESTERBROOK\'S^ \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 .SY "/\'/\xe2\x80\xa2; A\' /(\'A\' \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n\nSrEcu-<:B\xc2\xbbPcNs \n\n\n\nPENS KOR- \n\n\n\nAll Business Purposes, \n\nSchools and Colleges, \n\nBook-Keeping and Correspondence, \n\nRapid and Easy Writing. \n\n\n\nPENS IVIADE- \n\n\n\nIn Every Degree of Fineness, \n\nOf Superior and Standard Quality, \n\nFor Professional and Ornamental Work, \n\nOf Genuine American Manufacture. \n\n\n\n\'\'Phe Esterbrook Steel Pen Co. are the manufacturers of the Esterbrook Falcon \n1 Pen No. 04S, unquestionably the best and most popular business pen in America. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 Li:.\\ DING:. STYLES \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nFine Points, Nos. 232, 333, 444. ,. Blunt Points, Nos. 122, 183, 1743. \n\nMedium Points, Nos. 14, 130, 048. ^ Fine Engrossing, Nos. 239, 267, 313. \nElastic Pens, Nos. 126, 12S, 135. Broad Points, Nos. 161, 209, 284. \n\nTurned u]i Points, Nos. 256, 309, 1876. \n\n\n\n-^ Tlie Esterbrook Steel Pen Co. ^^^^^ \n\nCamden, New J ersey. 26 John St., New York. \n\nT/if Esterbrook Sfee/ Pens hair been adopted by the I^ouisville &" Nashville Railroad. \n\n\n\n.^i<R)S^ \n\n\n\nn > \n\n\n\n> 60 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nto 2 \n\nw \n\n\n\n\n\n\n^^,@^"" \n\n\n\n\nit \n\n\n\ny \n\n\n\n? \n\n\n\nouthern ""\xc2\xb0 " \n\n\n\nFire-Proof. \n\n\n\nTHP: SOUrHI-:RX IIOrF.I.. cor. iMtil, and Walnut .Sts., St. Louis, Mo., \n\nhas a frontage on four clilTcrciU streets \xe2\x80\x94 its rotunda forming a true cross \n\n330 feet in length, running from North to .South, and 330 feet in length from \nEast to West, si.\\t\\- feet in width and a t\\\\ent_\\--foot ceiling. \n\n\n\nTHK building is six stories high, has h\\e elevators and every otiier mode \nconvenience, antl it is tiie most thoroughl)\' fire-proof hotel in America. \'I\'l \nentire ini \n\n-pHK 1 \n\n1 of i \n\n\n\nentire interior construction is of iron, cement and concrete \n\n\n\n\\ proprietors so Ijeliexe in its infallibilit) , that the}\' do not cari-\\- one\' Dollar \nnsurance on the building or furniture. ..... \n\n\n\nIT is the most convenient and .suitable hotel in the cit\\- for public and private \nentertainment, both on account of the completeness of its ajipointments, and \nthe elegance and taste of the general arrangement. .... \n\nIT has four hundred rooms, with a sleeping capacit}\' of from ciglit hundred to \none thousand persons. It is a perfect model of order and cleanliness. \n\n\n\nTHR rates of board are reasonable, from tiiree to five dolJars per day. Price \nfixed from location and space occupied. ..... \n\n\n\n\nIHAKESPEARE. \n\n\n\nAULT & WIBORG, \n\nXcttcr prces Xitboorapbic llnht? anJ) fine Darni^bcs \n\n\n\nFOOT OF NEW STREET, \n\n\n\nCINCINNATI, OHIO. \n\nNo 26 Rose Street, New York. \xe2\x80\xa2 BRANCH OFFICES \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nMonroe St., Chicago. \n\n\n\nPACine 0iu GE \n\n\n\nII. L. Ml.RSMAN, Pkbs. & Tkh \n11. F. PARMELEE, Vice-Pri:s. \nD 1. SKIDMORE, Sec\'v. \n\n\n\n/\xe2\x96\xa0A\'(>/>/c/:a:s- ./a/\' .\\/.i.\\r/:icTrh-j:h:s- of \n\n\n\nRcjincd Tul/ow and Car Grease \n\xe2\x80\xa2 Lubrieafing Oils \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\nRailway Lubkicatin(; Supplies A Specialty. \n\n\n\n!-^OHINOo^ \n\n\n\nSOLE M AXl\'FACrrRKK \n\n\n\nParis \\ahT Oil, \n\n\n\n<^--\'r\' ,j.aur I\'aiiions Ivliiidcr Oil, \n\n\n\nTRADE \\ .- E^ - MARK. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0^^ . I Ruby liiioiiio, \n\nKohinoor iMvioht Car Grease, \n\n\n\n~ \xe2\x96\xa0 ^ -r kohinoor Loacn drease \n\n\n\n.1/. /AY \xe2\x80\xa2/\xe2\x96\xa0- It/ fA\'/Ch\'S OF \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 . FAMOUS BOILER COMPO UND \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 . F.iMOUJ,J^TJiAM PACKING - \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\niir\xc2\xbbiicii iiotiHo: OFFICE, 521 Xorth Second St. \n\nt \n\nFt. Scott, Kas. St. Louis, Mo. \n\n\n\n0) \n\n\n\n\nM. Buck & Co. \n\nManufaaurers and Dealers in Every Article \nused in Construding- and Operating- \nRailroads ; Steamboat, Telegraph, \nMiners\', Foundry, Machinists\' and \nContractors\' Supplies. \n\nFrogs, Crossings, Switches, Jacks, \nTank Valves, Spikes, Bolts, Head \nLights, Car Fixtures, Lamps, \nLanterns, Locks, Car Brasses, etc. \nIngot Copper and other Metals, \nBoiler Flues, Belting, Hose, Packing, \n^ Tools, Machinery, "Tanite" Emery \nWheels and Grinders. \n207 and 209 North Third Street, \nSt. Louis, Mo. \n\n\n\nA TRIUMPH OF MODERN CHEMISTRY IS \n\nThe \xe2\x80\xa2 Harden \xe2\x80\xa2 Star- Hand Grenade. \n\nTHE introduction of the "Hand Grenade" marks an era in the history of Fire \nAppliances. The costly, cumbersome, and complicated Chemical Kxtini,niishers \nare giving way to the simpler, cheaper and more powerful Grenade. . \xe2\x96\xa0 \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\xa2 \nModern e.xperience shows that the most successful way to fight fire in its earlier \nstages is with chemicals, and it further shows that in the " Hand Grenade" is found the \nsimplest and most practical means of appl) ing them. \n\n1 , 088 Actual Fires Extinuu i shed with tliciii i n i88,s, savin^^ Millions of Dollars. \n\nEXTRACTS FROM THE PUBLIC PRESS. \n\n\n\nA simple and powerful extinguisher \non the premises, ready for instant \nuse, is better than a fire department \nseveral blocks away." . . . \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n"\'\xe2\x96\xa0PHIi first five minutes at a fire is \n^ belter tlum tlie next half liour." \n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0\'pHE Grenade may not be infallible, \n\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\xa2 but it seems nearer so than any \nother appliance." \n\nT TE who foils to provide his home \n^ ^ with Hand Grenades is slioulder- \ning a fearful responsibility." \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n\n\nPHE record of the Harde.n Star \n\xe2\x96\xa0\'\xe2\x96\xa0 Grenade is unparalleled in the \nlistory of fire appliances " \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\'I\'HE e.xtinguishment by llie Hand \n\xe2\x96\xa0\'\xe2\x96\xa0 Grenade of a thou.sand actual fires, \nand scores of them, when used by \nwomen and children, saving millions \nof dollars worth of property, and all \nwitliin twenty months, is a marvelous \nrecord." \n\n\n\nIT costs less to protect property with \n^ the Hand Grenades than with any \nother appliance, and the protection is \nthe best that can be had." \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n\nAdopted by Thirteen Railway Companies, for use in Depots, Shops, etc. \n\nA.\\/0.\\c; THEM ARB \n\nThe Oregon Railway & Navigation Company, The Chicago & Grand Trunk Railroad, \n\nThe Southern Pacific Railroad, The Michigan Central Railroad, \n\nThe Union Pacific Railway, The C. C. C. & I. Railway, \n\nThe Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton R. R., The K. C, Ft. Scott & Gulf Railroad, \n\nThe D. & R. G. & \\V. Railway. \n\n\n\nThe Hurolitises of above Kt)n<is aggregate 7S.720 Grenades. \n\nThe Grenades are now made in txiv Si{es\xe2\x80\x94 Pints and Qiiarfs. \n\n8\xc2\xae* SEND FOR D E S C R I I\' I" I \\\' E C 1 R C L\' L .\\ R . \n\n\n\nllAlil)l-A \xe2\x80\xa2 \\\\m \xe2\x96\xa0 mmi \xe2\x96\xa0 fire \xe2\x80\xa2 iATlNGl\'lSIIEli \xe2\x96\xa0 CO. \n\n\n\nR p. PATTISON. President \nH. H. gross. Ges\'l Manager \nC. H. ALLEN. Secretary. \n\n\n\n51 & 53 Dearborn Street, \n\nCHICAGO, ILLS. \n\n\n\nFOR MORE THAN TEN YEARS \n\n\n\nTk \n\n\n\nVP \n\n\n\n>^^^ \n\n\n\n:x\\V^ \n\n\n\n^^ \n\n\n\n:1V \n\n\n\n\n\n\nHas used in every Department \n\nTHK CKI.EHRATED \n\nSTANDARD \xe2\x80\xa2 RAILWAY* VARNISHES. \n\n\n\nON MORE THAN \n\n\n\n\n40,000 MikES-TRAGK \n\n^ > -OF OTHER RAILWAYS-^ m*^ \n\nStretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from the Gulf -to \nManitoba, where these Varnishes are being used, \n\nTHE UNIVERSAL VERDICT IS: \n\n\'\'THEY ARE ALWAYS RELIABLE. \n\nMANUFACTURED ONLY BY THE \n\nCHICAGO*VARNISH-^Cd! \n\nOffice, \'^04: Hiiie Street, M \n\nEstablished 1865. V^lllCRg\'O, 11 IS, \n\n\n\n'