b'. . ^$> * \xc2\xab> \xc2\xab o \xc2\xb0 0, V ^ \n\n\n\nV \xe2\x80\xa2"\' ^\xc2\xb0 \n\n\n\n\xc2\xab\xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\x9eo> *\xc2\xab\xe2\x80\xa2- \n\n\n\n;^< \n\n\n\nf^~<y \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nr-v \n\n\n\n\n\n< o \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n*A Y :^mm. \'V*** \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n***\' \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6\xe2\x99\xa6*% \n\n\n\n\n& \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nar\xc2\xab \n\n\n\n\n\n^cF \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n% ,0* ^%^> \n\n\n\n\n\n\nA V ^ \' \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\xa2 * \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n,/^ \n\n\n\n^ -; \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xc2\xab -\xc2\xab. \n\n\n\n^>- \n\n\n\n\xc2\xa3*\xc2\xab \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n*\xc2\xb0** \n\n\n\n\n\n\n.\xc2\xbb \n\n\n\nvv \n**"* \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2^ \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 \xc2\xab>"V. \n\n\n\nVV \n\n**%. \n\n\n\n<J1 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n/.^.V .C\xc2\xb0*..^i.>o W^J^X \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 *5- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nW \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n4? , \n\n\n\n^ "*\xc2\xb0 \xe2\x80\xa2 \xc2\xbb * \xc2\xabG c> \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n7* % A \n\n\n\n\nt f\xc2\xb0+ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nA BOOK of \n\nDISTINCTIVE \nINTERIORS \n\n\n\nEDITED BY \n\nWILLIAM A. VOLLMER \n\n\n\n\nNEW YORK \n\nMcBRIDE, NAST & COMPANY \n1912 \n\n\n\nCopyright, 1910, 1911, 1912, by \nMcBRIDE, NAST & COMPANY \n\n\n\nHl< 7 \n\n\n\n: \n\n\n\nVt \n\n\n\nPublished \'November, 19/2 \n\n\n\n\xc2\xa9CI.A328921 \n\n\n\nContents \n\nPAGE \n\nPlanning the Living-room ...... 5 \n\nBy A. Raymond Ellis \n\nDesigning the Dining-room . . . . .47 \n\nBy A. Raymond Ellis \n\nDecorating and Furnishing the Bedroom ... 69 \n\nBy Margaret Greenleaf \n\nThe Problem of the Bathroom ..... 87 \n\nBy A. Raymond Ellis \n\nThe Proper Treatment for the Nursery ... 99 \n\nBy Sarah Ley burn Coe \n\nCharacteristic Halls and Stairway Types . . . 108 \n\nPlanning the Kitchen . . . . . . .116 \n\nBy James Earle Miller \n\n\n\n\nu in n \n\n\n\n3 cj \n3 3 \n\nCu O \n\n\n\nu -3 \n\n\xc2\xa9 \xc2\xa3 \xc2\xa3 \n\n-3 ^ w \n\nOT3 a \n\n> <u ^ \n\n>> ,3 3 \n\n-3 O, \n<D 3 \n\n\n\nO d \n\n\n\nbfl-3 - \n3 <U o \n\n:\xc2\xa7.s | \n\nSh \xc2\xab\xc2\xab ^ \n\nbU \n\nu <n \n\n^ O \xe2\x80\x94 \nCfl ^ CO \n\n3 2 (u \n\nc \n\ncu u^ \n\nX 2-5 \n\n\n\n13 \nbfl c \n\n3 rt \n\n\n\nCO l-i \n\nkj: o \n\n\n\nRj \n\n\n\n-3 \xe2\x80\x9e, -H \n\n\n\n3 <w ^ \n\n\n\nrt co *j > \n\n\n\n\n\n\n<u u " \n"3 rt cu \n\n\n\n5P.3 J* Jg \n\nrj cfl u ctf \n\n\n\n[4] \n\n\n\n\nPlanning the Living-room \n\n\n\nA FTER the method of modern planning, the living-room is treated \nas the principal room in the house. I do not mean to say that \nthis room should be overdone, or given undue prominence to the \nexclusion of the other rooms, but it is essential that this room be \ntreated differently from the old-fashioned way we formerly treated \nour living-rooms, then generally a front and back parlor. These two \n\n\n\n\nA lounge before the fireplace becomes more useful if a table bearing a lamp is placed \nbehind it. Cypress is reasonable for interior trim, costing from sixty to sixty-eight \ndollars a thousand feet \n\n[5] \n\n\n\n\n-* 3 \xe2\x80\x94 CI, \n\n\xc2\xab B c c \n\n_o rt rt a .3. \n\n\n\n[6] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors 7 \n\nrooms have now been superseded by one large room, as our mode \nof living and entertaining makes it more desirable than the two small, \nstuffy rooms, then used only occasionally. To-day we plan to give \npleasure and comfort to the family, rather than the occasional guest. \nThere are probably two or three dozen ways that the living-room \ncan be planned and decorated and at the same time be comfortable \nand attractive. I have chosen to illustrate this with a type of living- \nroom that adapts itself to almost any house and offers the greatest \namount of free space when the room is properly furnished. The \nroom is 15 ft. x 29 ft. 6 in., with a ceiling height of 9 feet, these \ndimensions giving a well-proportioned room. The fireplace is in \n\n\n\n\nThis reception room has chiefly Louis XVI furniture, which appears well with the light \ngray and white woodwork designed after the Adam style \n\n\n\n8 A Book of Distinctive Interi \n\n\n\nors \n\n\n\nthe center of the west wall, flanked on each side by two French doors \nwhich open out on a piazza. At each end of the room are two win- \ndows, balancing one another. On the east wall a wide opening with \nFrench doors permits access to the main hall. The most prominent \nfeature of the room is the fireplace, which is accentuated and made \n\n\n\nSuch architectural features as beamed ceilings should only be used in rooms \nof pretentious size. A good example of Caen stone fireplace is found here \n\n\n\na natural center. This is an important consideration when planning \na natural grouping of the family or its guests. \n\nThe treatment of the room is Colonial. A low wainscot, 2 ft. 6 \nin. high, comprising a base, panel, and cap, is carried around the \nroom. The ceiling is beamed with four substantial beams and a half \nbeam to form a cornice around the room at the junction of the wall \nand ceiling. Over the heads of the doors and windows there is a \nwide wooden frieze with a cap which ties them, one might say, to the \nbottom of the cornice, and makes them more completely an integral \npart of the woodwork. The window stools form a part of the \nwainscot cap. \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors 9 \n\nThe finish of the room is white wood, given four coats of lead \nand oil paint, with a fifth coat of white enamel, rubbed down, and a \nsixth and final finishing coat of enamel of an ivory shade that dries \nout with a very dull satin-like luster that is very durable and not \neasily marred. Above the wainscot the walls are covered with a \n\n\n\n\nA summer living-room that achieves a brilliant note through white woodwork \nand figured hangings with upholstery to match \n\n\n\nheavy background paper having a body color almost of a putty shade, \nenlivened in certain lights with a pinkish caste. This is accented by the \npanels, between the windows and doors, of a delicately hued fabric \nwith a foliated striped design. A flat molding covers the edge of the \nfabric and forms the panel. In order to balance these and add char- \nacter to the room, the draperies at the windows and doors are of soft \nblue velour, without which the scheme would be lifeless and flat. The \nfacing of the fireplace is of Sienna marble surmounted with a simple \nmantel, consisting merely of a heavy classical architrave, with a shelf \nabove and a large plate glass mirror over it. One must not lose sight \nof the fact that the colors of this room, while light and delicate, are \n\n\n\n10 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nall very rich and warm, due to the predominating ivory color of the \nwoodwork, enlivened and strengthened by the richer and heavier \ncolor used in the panels and curtains. \n\nThe ceiling is sand-finished and tinted to match the walls. The \nfloor is of quartered oak, filled and given two coats of a finish which \n\n\n\n\nSome would consider it bold to combine white walls and white woodwork \nin the living-room. The rug, pictures and furniture covering, however, \nare chosen with an eye to bright colors \n\n\n\nproduces a durable even surface with a dull luster that is not so \nslippery as a waxed floor. The disposition of the rugs over this floor \nis a matter of personal taste and the amount one can afford for rugs. \nThe rugs should be Oriental and of light uniform coloring. The \nplans show probably the most economical way of covering the floor \xe2\x80\x94 \nusing one large rug as a center and filling with smaller rugs. One \nlarge rug might be obtained that would extend from the piano to the \npier glass, but it would have to be an odd shape or specially made. \nTwo large rugs might be used, one in each end of the room, with a \nsmall rug to fill in before the fireplace. The approximate positions \nand proper design for the various pieces of furniture used in the \nroom are indicated. \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nii \n\n\n\nIn order to obtain the real benefit of the fireplace, it is necessary \nto have a broad comfortable sofa or an upholstered mahogany seat \nin front of it. In back of this should be a small mahogany table on \nwhich an ornamental lamp may stand. On each side of the table can \nbe drawn up large comfortable chairs. This arrangement permits \n\n\n\n\nWhere a living-room is long, various parts of it may be devoted to different \nuses, one end being a library and the other a sitting-room for instance, \nwith a corner for deskwork \n\n\n\nthe light of the lamp to fall in the correct position for anyone wishing \nto read in the chairs or on the seat in front of the fireplace. At one \nside of the fireplace a large wing-chair would be well placed. The \nbookcases would, of course, be unnecessary if there were a library in \nthe house, but where the living-room is to answer the general purposes \nof the family, the book-shelves would be found very useful, and could \nbe movable or built in as part of the finish. Between the northern \nwindows a fine position is obtained for the piano, on the right of which \nis a good place for a davenport. \n\nThe disposition of the minor pieces of furniture need not be men- \ntioned, except the fact that a pier glass at the opposite end of the \n\n\n\n12 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThe low hanging center light is rapidly being superseded by individual fixtures about \nthe room or hung from chains. The three-quarter paneling here is attractive when \ncombined with some conventionalized frieze design \n\n\n\nroom, between the two southern windows is a very decorative treat- \nment, and that the corner at the left affords a place for a tea table \nor a Colonial pie-crust table. \n\nIn addition the electric lights are provided with switches, and in \nthe baseboard around the room are two plugs for attaching portable \ntable lamps. There must also be a bell registering its signal on an \nannunciator in the kitchen, \xe2\x80\x94 one ring for a maid \xe2\x80\x94 two rings for tea, \nor as the housewife may arrange. \n\nThe cost of the furniture used in this room, covered in cotton, \nmade from the architect\'s drawings, would be as follows: 1 8th cen- \ntury sofa, rolled ends, $90; and it requires 3 1-6 yards of 50-inch \ngoods to cover it. Low-boy with drawers, $90 \xe2\x80\x94 size 2 ft. 6 in. x 4 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n13 \n\n\n\nft. 6 in. Tip-top tea table, 38 in. in diameter, $60. Martha Wash- \nington wing-chair, $54, in cotton; requires 5 yards of 50-inch goods \nto cover. Martha Washington armchair, $40, in cotton; requires 2 \nyards of 50-inch goods to cover. The crown ladder-back side chairs \nwould cost about $35 each in cotton, and the armchair to match, $40. \nThe beamed ceiling, door and window casings, mantel and wains- \ncot in the room would cost about $450. If the wainscot were \nomitted about $75 would be saved \xe2\x80\x94 the mantel and marble facing \ncost about $100 separately. \n\nA. Raymond Ellis \n\n\n\n\nAs a general color rule for decoration, red should be used for north rooms and blue for \neast and west rooms; the warmer tones in living-rooms than in bedrooms. This shows \na good use of scrim curtains with a gathered valance \n\n\n\nH \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThe use of a single large rug as the basis for the floor covering is often very satisfactory. \nThis house shows an interesting treatment with a molding that acts as cornice \n\n\n\n\nThere is something in the restraint shown in the fireplace of Indiana limestone with no \nmantel shelf that overdecoration could never have obtained. An interesting feature \nis the use of candle sconces as an auxiliary to the electric lighting \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n15 \n\n\n\n\nHeavy woodwork requires the use of heavy, substantial furniture. In this room, where \nthe appearance of craftsmanship is prevalent, such furniture is very suitable \n\n\n\niny \n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0MM am \xe2\x96\xa0 \nfjj jTl| m 1 ipy9 1 \n\nmm \xe2\x96\xa0.: \n\nw < IllH Hi T \xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0 / :r \n\n\'riSi 1L^ / \n\nttBBsi* \n\n\n\n\n\n\nHHHnKr- \xe2\x96\xa0 v-r\'l^MlHBSMl^^^HHH^^^^^s^^^&BBSiSSBCiHBBBBSHHI^B \n\n\n\n\n\nA very unpretentious room, but one in good taste. The furniture has all been planned \nfor a distinct location and has been built in to it \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xc2\xa7 1 \n\nco co \n\n\xc2\xab s \ns \xc2\xb0 \n\na \n\nS\'S \n\nG \n\nr 1 rt \n\n\n\nS bfl \n\nG, G \n\n"IS \n\nco ra \n\n<u cu \n\n\n\n\xc2\xa31 \nS8 \n\n\n\nrt .G" \n\nS-. o \n\ng ~ \n\n<u G \n\n\n\nrt cu \n\n."2 \n-G cj \n\nO CD \n\n3 -a \n\n\n\ni * \n\nG O \nS of \n\nO \n\no . \n\n\xc2\xbb- G \n\nM.2 \n.2 3 \n\n\n\n[i61 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n17 \n\n\n\n\nOftentimes four beams only are used for the ceiling; two as a cornice and \ntwo framing in the chimney-piece \n\n\n\n\nA consideration of modern house decoration is to provide comfort for \nmembers. A small den off the living-room affords privacy when others \noccupy the living-room \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n2-3 \n\n\n\n^H \n\n\n\n2 o \n\no o \n\n\n\nGO g\xc2\xbb \n\nu. o \n\nas \n\n2^ \n\n\n\ns_ > O \n\nO rt d, \n\nbJD c \n\na rt \xe2\x80\xa2\xc2\xa3 \n\n\xc2\xab T? "E \n\n<u <u \xc2\xbb> \n\n>-i > ^ \n\n\n\nc a. \n\n\n\n\xc2\xa7 \xc2\xa3 w \n\n\n\nw <4_i (U \n\n!\xe2\x80\x94 * O \n\n\n\n[18] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n19 \n\n\n\n\nAnother corner of the bungalow living-room on page 18 shows a good \ntype of secretary. The Navajo rugs seem to add a tone of vigor that \nis not found in the rag rugs generally used in this connection \n\n\n\n\nit \n\n\n\n3 \n>> O \nS -*3 \n\n3 \n\n\n\nu bX) \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2G 3 \n\n\n\n\'-5 o \no *5 \n\n\n\nCD c \n\nco 3 \n\n. 3 \xc2\xa3 \n\n\n\n-M cu \n\nS <u cr \n\n"C \xc2\xa3^ \n\nO <u <u \n\n3 P -G \n\n\xc2\xa3 5 tn \n\n2 " 5 \n\n3 3 \n\ncu re \n\n> g<3 \n\n3 P \n\n\n\ncue \n\n\n\nS .3 \n\nV 3 3 \n\nc s \xc2\xab \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 ~ re a> \n\n-- u O \n\n\n\n[20] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n21 \n\n\n\n\nTwo living-rooms in an old Connecticut Colonial house that are decorated with furniture \nin use during Revolutionary times. These flowered papers were considered very rich \nthen and have colors well chosen as a background for the dark mahogany furniture \n\n\n\n\no \n\ns \n\nE \no \n\nas \n\n\n\n.2 \xc2\xab \n\new o \n\no o \n\n*j en \n\n\n\no -5 \n\n\n\nE \n\n\n\n22] \n\n\n\n\n[23] \n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2-D o \nu \nas -d \n\n\n\n.. o \n\n\n\nt- 3 \nOx) \n\n<u a, \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2S| \n\n12 \n\n3h \n\nu G \n\nO \n\n\xe2\x80\x9e s \n\no o \n\nflj O \n\xe2\x80\x94\xe2\x96\xa0 u \np . I \n\n^ C \n\n\n\ne.2 \n\n\n\nO c \n\nU * \n\nc > \n\n-2 \xc2\xab \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\x94 fa \n\n\n\n[24] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n25 \n\n\n\n\nA charming, little Colonial room is decorated entirely in white woodwork \nwith a baseboard. The prim pattern of the flowered wallpaper is \nquite appropriate. The only modern furniture appearing is the wicker \nchair, but it lends no jarring note \n\n\n\n\nThis room with its heavy settles and rag rugs, its ornaments and pic- \ntures, is furnished with nothing but objects from Colonial times. The \nfloor with its original wide boards is stained a dark color and much \nof it left bare \n\n\n\n\n[26] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n27 \n\n\n\n\nThe architects of the West are achieving distinction in the creation of a \nparticular style. This interior is characteristic of their work. Horizontal \nlines are emphasized and colored brickwork enters as a part of the \ndecoration \n\n\n\n\nA bay with three connecting windows of this sort may be curtained as a \nunit. There is but one valance for the three windows and light silk cur- \ntains are used to match the grass cloth of the walls \n\n\n\n\nbfl co \nG <u \n\n\n\nEL, <u )_, \n\n1/3 -g be \n\nco \xc2\xab \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2>. O M \n\ne? \xc2\xab** \n\n!_ \xe2\x80\xa2 -\xc2\xab \n\ns = s \n\n3 \n\n\n\n*- G \xc2\xa3 \n\nJi 3 ~ \n\xc2\xa3^ ^ \n\nGO \n\n\n\nOJ \n\n\n\nO \' *3 \n\no c \n\nTO r- * J \n\n\xc2\xa3h|o \n\nN co M \n\na, o T3 <u \n\nC 1 <u etf \n\n._, Mm Ih q, \n\nO co \n\n<u 3 o o \nbC G G a, \n\n* \'* sS \xe2\x80\xa2- \n<u <u \xc2\xab S \n\n\n\nco <U co 50 \n\n\n\ni- y 5 M \n\nS c o 3 \n\nG o bX) <" \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2- \' o c \xc2\xa3 \n\n\xe2\x80\x94 \xe2\x80\xa2\xe2\x80\x94 CO \n\n-2 y. \xe2\x96\xa0- eg \n\n\n\n>. \n\n\nu \n\n\n\n\n\n43 \n\n\n& \n\n\nJ3 \n\n\nC \n\n\n\n\n\n\nTT \n\n\nTJ \n\n\na \n\n\nC \n\n\nG \n\n\n\n\n\xc2\xa3 \n\n\n- \n\n\n\n\na \n-a \n\n\n43 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nV \n\n\nG \n\n\n\xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n& \n\n\n\n\nfl \n\n\nG \n\n\n\n\nCO \n\nF \n\n\nE \n\n\n3 "3 \nO G \n\n\n\n\nM-c \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n1 \' \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n> \n\n\nRj \n\n\nS \xc2\xa3 \n\n\nJ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n28] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n29 \n\n\n\n\nMuch of the Colonial carving was extremely simple. Here added decorative detail ap- \npears in the old-fashioned fireback of modeled iron. The covering of the old rosewood \nfurniture is quite in harmony with the wallpaper \n\n\n\n\nAn exemplification of the use of deep colors in the living-room treatment is here shown. \nA restful green makes a good background for large and variously formed pieces \n\n\n\n\n[30] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n3i \n\n\n\n\nBuilt-in furniture is not limited to seats and cupboards. This desk is \ncarpenter built, and although quite inexpensive fits more exactly than \nmany products that could be purchased. The bookcases encircling the \nroom are made part of the desk \n\n\n\n32 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThe living-room of two stories and with mezzanine floor is receiving more and more \nfavor for its spacious effect. The simple woodwork in this room is well chosen and \nthere is a good suggestion in the lighting fixtures \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n33 \n\n\n\n\nThe cream colored walls and woodwork in this English drawing-room \nmake an especially fine background for mahogany furniture. This fire- \nplace nook is a good example of modern English work \n\n\n\n\nEnglish architects consider that woodwork may be decorative in itself, \nand finish it so that its natural colors take the place of wall paper. \nThe walls are of unfinished plaster \n\n\n\n\n[34] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n35 \n\n\n\n\nEvery house builder should consider that the downstairs living-room may not \nalways be occupied by the entire family at one time. The upstairs sitting- \nroom provides privacy on all occasions. The mantel treatment here is \ninteresting \n\n\n\n\nThe living-room in the same house is rendered distinctive by a large \ninglenook. It is finished in rough plaster and colored in a light tan \n\n\n\n36 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nGreen and white is a scheme for this summer living-room. White wicker \nchairs are combined with green willow ones and the green design of the \nwall paper is echoed in the green rug with a white pattern \n\n\n\n\nEven the most modest bungalow may have personality. The match board \nwall is finished with a light stain that shows the grain. India prints with \ntheir bold colors and striking designs are used for curtains, table and couch \ncovers and for the pillows \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n37 \n\n\n\n\nThe inside curtains in this living-room are of figured Madras. Although \nthey fade, their price is reasonable enough to permit reduplication \nevery few years with small expense \n\n\n\n\nA more formal room is this with its intricate mahogany paneling. The \nceiling has an architectural cornice, below which the wall is decorated \nwith a velour in proper coloring \n\n\n\n38 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThere is a growing desire to build living-rooms that open into the light \nand air. This is as completely furnished as any other room in the house, \nbut is given a dark stained lattice background as suitable for plants \n\n\n\n\nAn informal living-room, where the plaster walls are divided by vertical \nstrips run from a wide molding to the baseboard. This is a cheap, and if \nproperly handled, effective substitute for paneling \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n39 \n\n\n\n\nA living-room that was designed to take advantage of the view in many directions from \na high situation. A large rug with harmonious colors occupies the center of the floor \nspace \n\n\n\n\nDutch house builders make a feature of the window nook and most of the light \nis directed toward one part of the room. Matting of an ivory color has been \nselected as a floor covering \n\n\n\n\nu \n\n\n\n.5? \n\n\n\n(h N (jj \n\no 5 w \n\nG \n\n\n\n\n[40] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n4i \n\n\n\n\nAnother example of the two-story living-room is here shown in more elaborate style \nwhere the precedent was the Manorial hall of England. Tapestries and heavy wall \npapers are used and the chandeliers are large and elaborate \n\n\n\n\nJ-l \n\nI - \nO vi \n\n.2 " \n\nft \n\ns *r \n\nO <u \n\n1^ \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0+-. PS \n\nV> <+-< \n\nSI \n\nG W \n\nVI -l_> \n\n3 "- \n\nSt \n\nID \n\n\n\n[42] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n43 \n\n\n\n\nFurniture covering and draperies here are of a large figured English \nchintz. As the ceiling was low, a green paper with a perpendicular \nstripe was used for heightening effect \n\n\n\n\nThe chief feature of this room is the doorway with its fine fan light. \nThe chairs in the foreground are of Heppelwhite design \n\n\n\n44 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nIn England a great deal of attention is given to centering the family life \nabout the hearth. This inglenook has almost the value of an additional \nroom. The walls are plain except for the woodwork and the tiling \n\n\n\n\nThe inglenook here has a raised floor of ordinary brick and an attractive \nbrick fireplace the mantel of which is a cypress beam supported by \nprojecting bricks. The furniture is made consistent by being stained \nand then waxed \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n45 \n\n\n\n\nGlazed tile fireplaces are very much the vogue in England. Here the \ncolors are selected to go well with the light ash treatment of the \nwoodwork \n\n\n\n\nThe heavy beams in this living-room made it a simple matter to place the \ninglenook. The curved lines of the seat, however, and the grotesque \nplaster figures might grow tiresome, and are most suitable for the \nhouse occupied only in the summer or one with more informal treatment \n\n\n\n\n[46] \n\n\n\n\nDesigning the Dinin g-r o o m \n\n\n\nTX7E have a habit, generally, of making the dining-room either \n\n* English or Colonial in style, I suppose for the reason that we \n\nhave so many good types of furniture in these two styles that their \n\nuse makes it easier to obtain an attractive dining-room. The room \n\n\n\n\nThe plan shows an arrangement for a dining-room about fifteen by sixteen \nfeet, showing suggested positions for the rugs and furniture that is consistent \nwith the scheme \n\n[47] \n\n\n\n\n[48] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n49 \n\n\n\nof Flemish character is probably more unusual and I have, therefore, \nchosen to offer a design in this style. \n\nThe room is 15x16 feet in size, opening from a broad hall from \nwhich it is shut off with glass doors. The morning sun, a very \nessential feature in any dining-room, is obtained through the eastern \n\n\n\n\nWarm tones are appreciated in a dining-room where the woodwork is all white. \nHere they are obtained in an Oriental rug of good colors. Chairs are of \npresent-day manufacture, suggested by Sheraton\'s work \n\n\n\nwindow and through the southern windows in the summer, while the \nafter-glow of the summer sunset comes through the west window, thus \ninsuring a pleasant dining-room at all times. There is nothing so \ncheerless as a breakfast-room which is cut off from the sun in the \nwinter, by being isolated in the north or northeastern part of the \nhouse; it continually exerts a depressing influence on the family at \nmeals. \n\nThe dining-room is adjoined by the serving-room, which con- \nnects with the kitchen, affording a quick and direct line of service. \n\n\n\n\n[5\xc2\xbb] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n5i \n\n\n\nIt is suggested that the room be wainscoted in oak to a height of \nseven feet, with rectangular panels formed by very flat rails and stiles, \nwithout any panel moldings. A wide plate-rail forms the cap of the \nwainscot, affording a place to put bits of china and old pieces of \npewter or copper. Above the wainscot the plaster is sand-finished, \n\n\n\n\nAll the furniture necessary beside the chairs and dining-table is a sideboard \nand a serving-table. The china closet may be dispensed with if a place \nfor decorative china is made on a plate rail. This china closet matches well \nand seems part of the room \n\n\n\nas is also the ceiling, and at the intersection of the ceiling and side \nwalls a cornice is carried around the room. On the north side is a \nlarge fireplace, which is a necessity on a rainy day to make breakfast \ncheerful and the room comfortable. It is built of light gray Caen \nstone, which has almost the appearance of limestone. It is imported \nin blocks and is soft enough to be worked into a variety of shapes. \nThe hearth has a curb border, raised an inch or two above the level \nof the stone hearth in order to retain the ashes better. A heavy \ncarved casing is carried around the stonework of the fireplace, sur- \nmounted by a carved shelf supported on heavy brackets. \n\nFrench doors are an essential feature in the dining-room because \n\n\n\n52 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nthey permit it to be shut off from the hall and kept warm, and they \nprevent interruptions during the dinner hour. As they are of glass, \nthey afford a view into the hall \xe2\x80\x94 a very attractive feature, which does \naway with that feeling of oppressiveness experienced sometimes from \nbeing shut up in a room with solid doors of wood. The floor is of \n\n\n\n\nInstead of using the separate pieces of dining-room furniture, two sideboards \nwere built in flanking the fireplace and as an extension of its woodwork. \nA tapestry paper is used above this wainscot \n\n\n\noak, filled and given two coats of a finish which has a dull luster and \nenough elasticity to make it durable. The floor should be of a shade \nthat is not too light or so dark that it readily shows the dust. \n\nOpposite the fireplace is a position for the sideboard and there is \nwall space enough for a china-cupboard although I should prefer to \nomit this cumbersome piece of furniture, which everybody shuns with \nthe admonition of childhood still ringing in his ears, " mustn\'t touch." \nNear the door to the serving-room is the proper place for the serving- \ntable, and there remains plenty of wall space for chairs. By referring \nto the plan the position of these pieces of furniture will be made \nmore clear. \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n53 \n\n\n\nThe decoration of this room is a simple problem. On the floor \nthere should be a rich-colored rug with deep reds in it, strong enough \nto afford a foundation for the dark sturdy Flemish furniture and the \ndark finish of the wainscot. Above the wainscot, the sand-finished \nceiling and side walls should be sized and painted with three coats of \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nA possible variation for the seven-foot wainscot suggested, is the room \nentirely paneled with cypress finished to show the grain. The French \ndoors in this room are desirable in a dining-room, as they allow plenty \nof light to enter \n\n\n\noil paint of a dull golden shade which reflects a warm glow over the \nroom when lighted. The rough texture of the sand-finish is well \nadapted for such use as this. Of course a frieze of foliated tapestry \npaper, or real tapestry, could be used with good effect, or even an oil- \npainted frieze representing a scene from medieval history is permis- \nsible. It is safe to say that all of these schemes would be good, \nthough, of course, there would be a great difference in their cost. The \nradiator under the east window should be painted to match the color \nof the wainscot. To obtain the correct shade for this wainscot, the \nwood should go through several processes of staining. The first coat \nis a deep penetrating stain of burnt Sienna hue to form a mellowing \nbase, similar to the warm colors the old masters used in their paint- \n\n\n\n54 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nings. This makes a warm color to reflect through the succeeding \ncoats of darker stain, each coat of which should be rubbed into the \nwood and any superfluous stain rubbed off, exposing each time the \nhigh lights of the wood\'s grain. The final coat should be a thin coat \nof wax or a flat-drying oil paint to give the wood a dull luster. \n\n\n\n\nThe woodwork treatment here is much the same as that suggested in the \ntext, but of a Colonial or English style and finished white. A good sten- \nciled frieze is used above it. The chairs are of Chippendale design \n\n\n\nThe furniture should be of the Flemish type, preferably a shade \nlighter or a shade darker than that of the finish of the woodwork, \nin order to give contrast. The dining-room table should be a mod- \nern extension table with heavy, turned legs, which would of course \nbe repeated in the sideboard, serving-table and chairs. This type of \nfurniture depends entirely for its beauty upon its plain sturdy lines \nand simple turnings. The chairs should have leather seats and backs, \nstudded with copper nails. The brasses of the fireplace should be \nof odd design, and the electric lights and fixtures should be of old \nbrass to add a touch of color to the dark wood finish. \n\nIt seems hardly necessary to mention that the lights of this room \nshould be governed by an electric switch, and an electric bell on the \ntable should ring a buzzer in the serving-room. \n\nIn the serving-room there is a counter shelf two feet eight inches \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n55 \n\n\n\nhigh on each side wall, over which there are glazed cases with slid- \ning doors to contain the china. Under the window there is a sink \nfor the washing of fine china, glass, and silver, which should not go \ninto the kitchen with the heavier dishes. Under the counter are \ncupboards and drawers and at one end a plate-warmer and a small \n\n\n\n* 1 ^^R ^^^^^^[^ \n\n\n1 \xe2\x80\xa2 giii \n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 \xe2\x96\xa0 1 iljl . V V * - \n\n\n\n\n^^ ^ m \xe2\x96\xa0 JJInS i I \xe2\x80\xa2 JL-* w \xc2\xbb-L \n\n\nHW|m i \n\n\n\nStill another substitute for the wainscot is the use of wood strips applied \nin this fashion. The Moravian tiles in the fireplace add welcome color \n\nrefrigerator, in order that one may obtain a bite to eat late at night \nwithout having to go through the kitchen to the kitchen pantry \xe2\x80\x94 \nwhich is sometimes awkward if there is no servant\'s dining-room and \nthe maid is entertaining. \n\nThe finish of the room would cost approximately $575 in selected \nwhite oak. The mantel alone is worth $80 and the wainscot about \n$300. The furniture for the room, made from detail drawings, \nwould cost about $450 in oak and leather. \n\nA. Raymond Ellis \n\n\n\n56 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nWhere the dining-room woodwork shows its natural grain, a specially \ndesigned buffet of quartered oak, such as this, proves very attractive and \nsatisfactory \n\n\n\n\nThe rough plaster walls here are surmounted by a plaster frieze of \ngrapes in color. This design is echoed in the center drop light \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n57 \n\n\n\n\nFlanking china closets, when in perfect balance, form an admirable feature \nfor the decoration of a Colonial room \n\n\n\n\nThe ladder back design of Chippendale is most attractive. In this room \nwith its white woodwork an attempt has been made to repeat the dominant \ncolors of the rug in the wall paper \n\n\n\n\n[581 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n59 \n\n\n\n\nHaving a large quantity of old blue china, the owner of this room selected \na brown figured paper that would harmonize with it. The plates have \nalmost the value of a stenciled frieze \n\n\n\n\nTwo types of modern furniture are shown here. The china closet is \nunnatural and is of no decorative value and but little usefulness. The \ntable and chairs are of simple design and good, solid workmanship \n\n\n\n\nO 3 \n6 X \n\nsi \n\n\xc2\xa3"\xc2\xa7 \no \n\n\xc2\xab O \n\no \n\n\n\nM \n\n<u o \n\n<u o \n\noo O \n\na; \xc2\xa3 \n\nC J5 \n\n\n\nSJS \n\n\n\n<u faO \n\na a \na, a \n\n\n\no \xc2\xa3 S \n\nlis \n\nO o \n\n*h O J3 \n\n_ *"" rt \n\ns \xc2\xab \xc2\xa3 \n\n-2 \xc2\xa3 o \n\nO .3 -G \n\nU -a <\xc2\xbb \n\n- \xc2\xa3?\xc2\xa3 \n\n\n\n[6o] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n61 \n\n\n\n\nFaithfulness to Colonial tradition does not necessarily make the most \ncomfortable room, but the Windsor chairs are serviceable and easy \n\n\n\n\nWhite woodwork in this dining-room permits such a set design as this with \nthe little green bay trees. A gate-legged table is not always the most \ncomfortable thing for a dining-room \n\n\n\n62 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nFurniture, made of applewood, finished with a plain smooth surface and covered \nwith reeds, is especially applicable to the small house and suggests the original \nhome, the English cottage \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n63 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWhite enameled furniture as well as woodwork is a novel suggestion for the \nsummer home and makes a brilliant, cheery dining-room, especially when \naccompanied by bright reds or blues in the rugs, chair cushions and curtains \n\n\n\n\nIn the summer camp little ornamentation is necessary, yet the natural at- \ntractiveness of wood finish is both useful and beautiful here \n\n\n\n\n[64] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n65 \n\n\n\n\nThis Dutch interior offers a suggestion for a summer camp in the dining-room alcove \nplaced at one end of the living-room \n\n\n\n\nWilton rugs in a single color with a darker toned border serve well for the dining- \nroom. The curtains repeat the color in a figured pattern \n\n\n\nc o \n\n\n\n"3 o \n\n\n\n>- Ch c \n\n\n\n^S > rt T3 \n\n\n\nS-g \n\n\n\nMh i u i w \n\n*\xe2\x80\x94 i 3 \xe2\x96\xba> <w \xe2\x80\xa2 \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n. u -c g c.S \n\nc ^2 \xc2\xab +- \n\n3 \xc2\xa3 5 \xc2\xab \xc2\xab J \n\n\n\n*\xe2\x80\xa2-\xc2\xa3 2 \xc2\xa3-2 \n\n\n\n\xc2\xa3 \xc2\xab H -r \n\n\n\n,.\xc2\xab o \na o \n\n\n\n\xc2\xa3 \xc2\xa3 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n.2 gllS- \n\na * * B\xc2\xb0 \xe2\x80\x9e \n\n<u o \'3 \n\n3 \xc2\xa3 \xe2\x80\xa2\xc2\xa3 JS jO S Oh \n\n\n\nG o \n\nbJD en \n\nrt o \n\no G \n\ny en \n\n\n\n\n\n\nr-j aj \n\nQ \n\n\n\nof- \n\n\n\n\n[66] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n6 7 \n\n\n\n\nT Jfr BflSh \n\n\n\n\nThe combination of gray and white as used here is an effective background for mahogany. \nThe candle sconce fixtures at either side of the sideboard alcove are in good taste \n\n\n\n\nAlthough the furniture need not be permanently fixed to the room it may be planned to \naccommodate certain spaces, as here. The chairs are reproductions along Colonial \nlines \n\n\n\n68 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nIn a house where there is an additional room, there is a suggestion from the German \nboudoir. This is really the modern woman\'s workroom and place of rest and adjoins \nthe sleeping apartment. It is also a place to receive intimate friends \n\n\n\n\nDecorating and Furnishing \nthe Bedroom \n\n\n\nTN the bedroom the individuality of the occupant is more in evi- \ndence than in any other room of the house, as such rooms or \nsuites are complete in themselves and need not necessarily be con- \nsidered relatively. Where the house has the marked characteristics \nof any period the architectural detail of the wood trim in the bed- \nrooms as well as that in the other apartments will, of course, express \n\n\n\n\nAttractive results are achieved in adopting a central figure or idea and \nplanning the room about it. The main unit of design in the wall paper \nhas been repeated on the ivory white furniture \n\n[69] \n\n\n\n70 \n\n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThis room, also shown in the two illustrations following, uses the blue bird as a motif. \nCretonne repeats the design that is echoed again in the cut out border. A blue and \nwhite rag rug, having a blue bird edging, is suitable for the floor \n\nthis and must in a measure influence the furnishings, but even under \nthese conditions more latitude is permissible in the chambers than \nin the living-rooms. \n\nA room in which no period idea is dominant may be made very \ncharming, and the individual taste of the occupant may influence \nthe entire scheme of decoration. A very dainty and attractive room \nis shown in the illustration on page 69. \n\nThe floral paper used on the side wall here is beautiful in color \nand design, and the crown of this has a cut out extension of flowers \nand leaves that is applied directly to the ceiling proper. The furni- \nture of -ivory enamel finish has been painted with clusters of the same \nflowers as those shown in the wall paper. Much of the green of \nthe foliage in this design is repeated in the two-tone rug upon the \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n71 \n\n\n\nfloor. The curtains and bedspread are made of ivory white linen \ntaffeta and bordered with four-inch bands of cretonne showing the \nsame floral design as the side walls. \n\nMuch of the comfort as well as the attractiveness of a bedroom \ndepends upon the arrangement of the furniture it holds. The space \nfor the bed is usually indicated by the architect in the first drafting \nof the plans, and should be adhered to unless the room is unusually \nlarge. However, the other furniture may be arranged and rear- \nranged until the right position is found for each piece. \n\nWhere a couch is included this may be placed near the window \nwith the bookshelves conveniently at hand, or it may be set directly \nacross the foot of the bed. The reading- or work-tables and easy- \nchairs should find their permanent place, as their proper grouping \nadds much to the livableness of any room. \n\n\n\n\nThe wall paper is plain with a satin stripe in what is known as a cerulean blue. The \ncrown effect of the border is a silhouetted pattern cut out and attached separately \n\n\n\n72 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nThe English idea of placing a dressing-table directly in front of \na window is not especially favored here as we are loath to sacrifice \nso much of direct sun and air as the closed window would necessitate, \nalthough by such an arrangement we secure a good overhead light. \n\nThe placing of the lighting fixtures should also be given some \ncareful study. Side or drop lights should be near the dressing- \nmirror, and a convenient stand or drop light, well shaded, should be \nplaced near the head of the bed. And a well-arranged table light \nfor reading and sewing is of great convenience in a large bedroom \nwhich is used at all as a sitting-room. However small the room, \n\n\n\n\nA white bedstead of this style may be had either of wood enameled or of metal \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n73 \n\n\n\n\nIn many cases the bedroom serves more purposes than for sleeping quarters. There \nshould be space for a desk, comfortable chairs and books \n\n\n\nthe light must be well arranged for the dressing-table. A central \nlight for a bedroom is a very objectionable feature. \n\nLight and crisp colors are more acceptable in the decorative scheme \nof the bedroom than any other room of the house. Where plain \nwalls and figured cretonnes or chintzes are used in combination the \nlatter should appear generously, that is, not only in valanced curtains \nat windows, but as slip covers, or cushion covers for chairs, window- \nseat, or lounge. \n\nThe old-time idea of a blue, a pink, a green, and a yellow room \nis falling into disuse, although any one of these colors may be \nbrought out prominently in the scheme of the room, or, as is even \nmore usual, all may be combined in either wall covering or drapery \nmaterial. The dominant color should appear again in the plain or \ntwo-tone floor covering. \n\nPlain and embroidered muslins for window draperies and covers \n\n\n\n74 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nfor dressing-tables are effective and dainty, and by having two sets \nfor a room it may be kept always delightfully fresh and clean, as \nthese muslins launder well. A small coin-dot of color on a very \nsheer, though not fine, white ground can be purchased from 25 to 35 \n\n\n\n\nThere is a preference for bedrooms furnished in light colors. Here the \npaper is figured and the color of the design appears in curtains of a solid \ncolor. The closet doors have full length mirror panels \n\n\n\ncents a yard and gives a dainty charm to a room in which it is \nfreely used that few other fabrics at the same cost will supply. \n\nWhere the decorative scheme must be very inexpensively carried \nout, a floral paper on an ivory ground can be purchased for 25 cents \na roll of eight yards. In these cheaper papers one finds a better \nselection in yellow and old rose than in other colors; greens, too, are \nusually soft and attractive. If plain colored over-draperies are de- \nsired for the windows these may be made from cheese-cloth which \nhas been dyed to the desired shade, matching the color of the flower \nin the wall paper. It is not a difficult matter for the amateur to do. \n\nThere are now made some very attractive cotton crepes showing \na variety of floral and other patterns. Some of these are beautiful in \ncolor and good in design, and, with plain tinted walls, a room in \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n75 \n\n\n\nwhich the curtains and slip covers for cushions and pillows are made \nfrom this fabric is very attractive. \n\nOld furniture may be revamped and given a fresh coat of ivory \nwhite enamel, and a central rug or a number of small rugs made \n\n\n\n\nThe lighting fixtures should be planned for the position the dressing table and \nchiffonier is to occupy. This is an attractive bedroom paper of an old-fashioned \ndesign \n\nafter the old-fashioned rag carpet in one or two colors makes a satis- \nfactory floor covering for use in such rooms. If the woodwork can \nbe painted ivory white the scheme is more successful, as this is an im- \nportant factor in the completed whole. In fact for bedrooms there \nis no better finish than the ivory white enamel. It is easy to apply \nand durable, and harmonizes with almost any scheme of furnishing \none may desire to bring out in the room. \n\nAttractive little shades for electric lights or candles may be made \nfrom bits of silk or even tissue paper, and, used in a room in which \nold rose predominates, the effect is charming, as the light showing \nthrough the rose color is very soft and pleasing. \n\nMargaret Greenleaf \n\n\n\n7 6 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAn unusual decorative treatment is the division of walls into colored \npanels which are held in place by molding strips \n\n\n\n\nThe perpendicular stripe in this paper serves to increase the height of a \nrather low ceiling. The window is fitted with sash curtains and \ndraperies of a figured pattern on the order of the crown border \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n11 \n\n\n\n\nAn interesting feature of th \ning or sewing. n \n\n\n\nlis house is the long window seat placed for read- \nBeneath it is a quantity of space for many things \n\n\n\n\nA room consistently decorated along Colonial lines. Some sort of a couch \nor lounge is a decided boon in the bedroom, as it provides a place for the \nafternoon nap \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThe so-called craftsman\'s house or house with woodwork left in natural \ncondition may well use furniture built to match the trim \n\n\n\n\nThe informal bedroom of rough plaster and brick substitutes strength of \ncolor and form for the delicacy of Colonial white woodwork \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n79 \n\n\n\n\nMany people still delight in the old-fashioned four-poster or in the canopy \nbed. This should be considered in planning the room, as the architect \ngenerally arranges a certain set position for it \n\n\n\n\nThis dressing table shows a satisfactory arrangement for lighting \xe2\x80\x94 two \nflanking lights and one overhead light. The striped walls require the \ncolor furnished by the hangings \n\n\n\n\n[8o] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n81 \n\n\n\n\nWhere neutral grays are chosen for the walls there should be some warmth of color \nelsewhere. Here most of the decoration is left to the furniture in its warm mahogany \ntones and to the brighter colors of the rug \n\n\n\n\nIn the small bedroom that must be used as a study there should be a space for living- \nroom comforts. The sash curtains combined with inside ones of sill length are \nattractive \n\n\n\n82 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nEven a small under-the-eaves bedroom \nmay be well arranged. This is con- \nsistent Colonial with its rag rugs and \nWindsor chair \n\n\n\nA bedroom in which the cream colored \nchintz with pink and green design is \nrepeated in the upholstery and echoed \nin the carpet \n\n\n\n\nf \n\n\n1 \n\n1 \n\n1 \n\nIf. \xc2\xabj \n\n\n\n\n\nCurtains may be very simple but in good \ntaste. This is a fine cheesecloth with \na stencil design, which conventionalizes \nthe flowers in the wall paper \n\n\n\nAnother treatment of cheesecloth, show- \ning a poppy design that is taken from \n\n\n\nthe cut out band pasted at the \nof a gray striped wall paper \n\n\n\ntop \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n83 \n\n\n\n\nViews of an old-fashioned bedroom that \nis finished in dull grayish blue. Such \nheavy furniture would appear uncom- \nfortably bulky in any smaller room \n\n\n\nThe carpet helps to make the room home- \nlike, with bare floors the height and \nsize of the room would be more ap- \nparent \n\n\n\n\nA short length of cretonne hanging be- \ntween two sill length curtains may \nbe used instead of a valance \n\n\n\n\nThe cut out paper border goes well with \na shaped valance and side curtains. \nThe valance is hung on a projecting \nframe \n\n\n\n8 4 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThe Japanese design is repeated on the gathered valance of the \ncurtains, chairs and the table-cover. Several original stencils of \nbutterflies are framed as decorations \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n85 \n\n\n\n\nIvory white is always a satisfactory color for the woodwork of most \nbedrooms. Here it takes the place of wall paper \n\n\n\n\nOne article of bedroom furniture that should not be neglected is a \nbedside cabinet on which an electric light may be placed. These twin \nbeds are of gray ash with a natural finish \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nAn example of several of the uses for stenciled borders is shown here in \nthis desk corner. The room makes good use of wicker furniture and \nbungalow rugs \n\n\n\n\nTheProblem of the Bathroom \n\n\n\n/^\\ NLY a few years ago, sanitary conveniences, which were very \ncrude when compared with those of to-day, were considered \nluxuries; to-day they are necessities, demanded for our physical com- \nfort and welfare. The old-fashioned Saturday tubbing was a much \ndreaded and messy event; but with sanitary house plumbing, bathing \nbecame a pleasure and a valuable adjunct to good health. It is, there- \nfore, interesting to note the treatments of the present bathroom. \n\nThe average house to-day contains at least two bathrooms, the \nsimplest equipment being a water-closet, lavatory, and tub, the \ntwo latter fixtures supplied with hot and cold water supply pipes. \nFrom these three fixtures of the simplest kind, installed in a \nroom not smaller than 5 ft. 6 in. x 6 ft. 6 in., we may enlarge the \nscheme to contain a shower-bath, with floor receptor to catch the \nwater, a sitz or foot-bath, double lavatories, if for the owner\'s bath, \nwith marble or porcelain pier slabs for toilet articles. These fix- \ntures may be simple in pattern, of enameled iron or of porcelain or \nmarble, in a room having tile or marble floors and wainscot. There \nare, happily, inexpensive fixtures of good quality that are just as \nefficient as the most expensive ones, and the plainer the lines of the \nfixtures the more beautiful they will appear in the finished bath; \nheavy ornamentation in color or molded design should be avoided \xe2\x80\x94 \nit is not so easily kept clean, nor is it so beautiful. \n\nIn many houses having but one servant, a separate bath is pro- \nvided for her use, and in a house costing $8,000 it is customary to \nprovide a private bath connecting with the owner\'s chamber, as well \n\n[87] \n\n\n\n88 A Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\nas a general bath for the family and guests, and a servants\' bath in \nthe attic. The importance the bath and sanitary plumbing have \nattained is shown by the fact that seven or eight per cent of the cost \nof a house is taken for plumbing, and in houses costing from $8,000 \nto $15,000, three bathrooms are installed. \n\nThe model servants\' bath should have a floor of small hexagonal \nwhite, unglazed tile with hard plastered walls, above a sanitary base. \n\n\n\n\n6-0" X id- 6 \n\nDath Room \n\nTile FLooe-AND -Wainscot \n\n\n\n\nTwo oval lavatories are generally representative \nof the latest convenience for the modern \nbathroom \n\n\n\npainted with four coats of moisture-resisting paint and equipped with \na five-foot enameled iron tub, quiet syphon-jet closet, with oak seat \nand tank, and a plain pattern enameled iron lavatory. A medicine \ncloset should be built in the wall over it, having a mirror set in the \ndoor. The fixtures cannot be properly set in an area less than 5 ft. \n6 in. x 6 ft. 6 in., and 5 ft. 6 in. x 7 ft. 6 in. would be much better. \n\nThe owner\'s bath is largely a matter of personal taste and cost. \nUsually this has a floor of 2 in. white, unglazed hexagonal tile, with \na 4 x 6 in. white glazed tile for walls, with cap and sanitary base, \nmarble thresholds and plinth blocks. The height of the wainscot is \noptional; but 4 ft. 6 in. is usual, with the walls and ceilings above it \noil painted. The room should not be smaller than 8 ft. x 10 ft. and \nmay open from the owner\'s chamber or dressing-room. Its equip- \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n89 \n\n\n\nment usually comprises two lavatories of vitreous china, placed at \nleast six inches apart, unless a double lavatory is used in one slab, \nover which may be a medicine closet built into the wall with mirror \ndoor set in; the bathroom door should have a full-length mirror. In \nthe illustration that appears on page 95 is shown a silent syphon-jet \n\n\n\n\nThe great problem in planning a bathroom is not to sacrifice all warmth and color to \nsanitation. At present there are washable and sanitary papers made by the decorators \nthat are very proper for bathroom furnishings. The seagull design in blues and\' \ngreens and the kingfisher in a brilliant, cool green are both suitable and attractive \n\ncloset with low-down tank finished in mahogany. The " low-down \ncombinations," as they are called, are made in oak, cherry, mahogany, \nand white enamel. The tub should be at least 5 ft. long, of enameled \niron or porcelain, finished on both sides if enameled, and supported \non porcelain block feet, with standing waste and mixing cocks. The \ntub must be set far enough from the wall to permit cleaning. \n\nEvery fitting or exposed pipe in the bathroom should be nickel- \nplated. The shower may be installed over the tub, as in one of the \nillustrations, or made a separate fixture with a floor receptor to drain \noff the water. It may be inclosed with a cotton duck curtain, which \nis more agreeable to the body than rubber or marble slabs. The \n\n\n\n\n\n\n[90] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n9i \n\n\n\nmerits of each fixture and its equipment I shall leave to the reader, \nbecause these things he can readily determine for himself; but the \narrangements and number of fixtures required must be considered \xe2\x80\x94 \nthe quality is a matter of price. The general bathroom of a house \nshould be similar to the owner\'s \xe2\x80\x94 in some cases it is divided into two \n\n\n\n\nOne especial convenience that should not be neglected is the shower with the \nduck curtain arranged over the top. For bathroom floors the hexagonal \ntile is very suitable and enduring \n\n\n\ncompartments, as shown in one plan, with the water-closet by itself \n\xe2\x80\x94 permitting independent use. \n\nIn homes costing from $15,000 up, the number of bathrooms is \nin proportion to the number of occupants. Every room may have a \nconnecting bath with tile floor and wainscot, completely equipped \xe2\x80\x94 in \nsuch a case the visit of a guest is not fraught with hasty skirmishes \nto the nearest bath, perhaps only to retreat, and wait and listen for an \nopportunity to use it. \n\nPlumbing fixtures are made in many materials; the most popular \nof these, on account of durability and cost, is cast iron with an enamel \nglaze fused on the iron. This ware will stand hard usage, is not \neasily fractured, does not craze, and therefore holds its color. The \n\n\n\n92 A Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\nvitreous china ware is, I think, more appropriate for bathrooms fin- \nished in tile, because the materials, being similar, are in harmony, \nwhile the enameled iron is not quite as heavy or substantial looking \nwhen used with tile. Vitreous china is potter\'s clay, properly fired, \nwith a vitreous glaze baked on; porcelain is similar and their cost is \n\n\n\n\nA sunken bathtub is a form of luxury that is desirable but requires low \nceiling in the room below, or that the bathroom be built on the ground \nfloor. This is oftentimes an impossible arrangement \n\nabout the same, except that this increases rapidly with the larger \npieces; because fewer perfect fixtures are obtained. Fixtures cut from \nsolid marble block are the most expensive and their relative merit \nwith their relation to cost is a question for the owner to determine. \n\nThere is little difference between the enameled iron, vitreous china \nand porcelain or marble as far as the retention of heat is concerned, \nor the feeling from bodily contact. There are in every kiln some \nfixtures that are not quite perfect; they are called " seconds," and \ncatalogued as " Class B " goods, with a lower price. \n\nThe weight of massive plumbing in a frame dwelling is considerable \nand will cause a settlement of the floors unless carefully supported. \n\nThe fashions in tubs are many. The usual shape is square at the \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n93 \n\n\n\nfoot and round at the head \xe2\x80\x94 at the foot are the waste and supply \npipes which are made in several combinations. The double bath cock, \nwhich gives hot or cold water or a mixture of both, is advisable for \ntubs \xe2\x80\x94 the small cup between the faucets is a ring tray and can be \nreplaced with a soap dish if desired. Most shower-baths have a \n\n\n\n\nThe bathroom to-day finds great need of such built-in conveniences as \nwall chests and cupboards. These should be arranged for at the time \nthe house is built \n\n\n\nshampoo attachment or body spray that can be used instead of the \noverhead shower, so that the head and hair are kept dry if desired, \nand if a shower is not to be installed this can be provided in the tub. \nA tub incased in tile is a perfectly sanitary treatment, and in some \ncases the tub has been sunk into the floor a foot and then incased to \navoid the high step necessary to get into the tub. The plunge \xe2\x80\x94 sunk \nin the floor \xe2\x80\x94 is an unusual treatment that permits more freedom \nof movement than the tub; but the tile, when wet, is slippery, and I \nshould expect one might carelessly slip in with fatal results. Roman \ntubs are alike at each end \xe2\x80\x94 with fixtures in the middle of one side \nof the rim. Solid porcelain tubs rest on the floor, set into the tile. \nThe ideal position for the tub, if there is available room, is with the \nfoot against a wall and ample room on either side to get in or out \n\n\n\n94 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThis room contains the desirable articles and fixtures for the modern bathroom \nin a very satisfactory arrangement. There is the latest thing in nickel plumb- \ning and modern equipment, but at the same time there is an attractiveness that \nis so lacking in the cold, hospital type of room \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n95 \n\n\n\nof it. Tubs are made in lengths ranging from 4 ft. to 6 feet, and \nabout 30 inches in width over rims. \n\nThe lavatory is an important fixture that is made in a great many \nvarieties. The old-fashioned bowl is obsolete \xe2\x80\x94 the oval has taken \n\n\n\n\nThe small hexagonal floor tiles permit sections to be taken up with \nlittle difficulty and replaced at small expense. Wall tile, how- \never, should be made of the larger rectangular units with a \ncornice at the top and a rounded surbase that obviates a sharp \nangle at the junction with the floor \n\n\n\nits place, though probably the best is the kidney-shaped bowl, as it \npermits a free and natural movement of the arms in raising water to \nlave the face. The bowl should be at least 14 x 17 inches, in a slab \n22 x 32, with a space surrounding the bowl countersunk a little to \n\n\n\n\n\xc2\xb0 2 C \xc2\xa3 \n\n\n\n[96] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n97 \n\n\n\nform a border that tends to confine the splashed water. All the \nfixtures manufactured by responsible concerns are equipped with \nnickel-plated faucets, wastes, traps, and supplies that are very satis- \nfactory; but quite often the plumber who installs the work buys the \n\n\n\n\nThis European treatment is particularly effective for the owner\'s \nbath, which opens into his bedroom. The glass doors provide \nall the lighting necessary and are very decorative with their \ncurved segments \n\n\n\nfixtures without the selected trimmings and substitutes a cheaper \npattern. Some tubs and lavatories are sold in " A " and " B " quali- \nties, and it will be to your advantage to select the fixtures with your \narchitect, who knows the grades and fittings. \n\nA particularly pleasing treatment is the bath opening from the \n\n\n\n9 8 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nowner\'s chamber, and separated from it by glass partition. This \narrangement is good where outside light cannot be afforded or \nobtained, and a curtain effectively screens it. \n\nBath-room accessories should be arranged with care and consist \n\n\n\n\nA simple bathroom where waterproof enameled paint was used in sev- \neral coats instead of a tiled wainscot, and above this an attractive \nwaterproof paper that suggests tiling. Such an arrangement is a \npossibility where tiles may not be purchased \n\nof the following devices: Plate glass shelves supported on nickel- \nplated brackets are the best; towel-racks; toothbrush holders; clothes- \nbrush hangers; clothes hooks; soap dishes; and soiled towel baskets. \nHardware is usually of nickel-plated tubing screwed into the tile. \nThe accompanying photographs and plans will illustrate the subject \nfurther and are self-explanatory. \n\nA. Raymond Ellis \n\n\n\n\nThe Proper Treatment for the \n\nNursery \n\n\n\nTTURNISHINGS for the modern child\'s room, like everything \nelse that belongs to that important personage, are as complete \nin the smallest detail as skill and ingenuity can make them, and every \nfeature of a well-appointed bedroom may be duplicated in miniature \nfor the youngsters. \n\nThe wall-papers and draperies especially designed for nurseries \nand children\'s rooms are in a way more distinctively juvenile than \nthe actual pieces of furniture, and are a most important considera- \ntion in fitting out such apartments. If one does not care to go to \nthe expense of furnishing a nursery completely, paper and curtains \nthat will leave no doubt as to the identity of the room may be had at \nsmall cost, and from this simple touch the scheme of decorations and \nthe furniture, to say nothing of the cost, may be indefinitely extended. \n\nStrictly hygienic parents who scout the idea of wall-paper as being \nunhealthy and will have nothing but painted walls in a bedroom are \nconfronted by a bare expanse that may be sanitary, but is neither \nattractive nor interesting for the child. With walls treated in this \nway a decorative frieze may be used with good effect. The friezes, \nwhich come in panels varying in depth from fourteen to nineteen \nand one-half inches, are printed in gay colors on backgrounds of \nblue-gray, ivory-white, drab, and other neutral tones that can be \nmatched exactly in the color of the walls. The designs include pro- \ncessions of Noah\'s ark inhabitants, farmyard animals, chickens and \n\n[99] \n\n\n\nioo A Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\nducks, Normandy peasants going to market, toy villages with stiff \nlittle soldiers and prim-looking trees, hunting scenes, and a row of \nDutch kiddies indulging in a mad race across the paper. \n\nIf wall-paper is used it also matches the background of the frieze, \nthe paper being either in a solid color or with a figure so incon- \nspicuous that it gives the impression of a single tone. \n\nOne of the new papers for children\'s rooms is a reproduction of \nthe quaint Kate Greenaway figures that are quite as fascinating to \nlittle people in these days as they were years ago. The background \nis a pale yellow and the figures are printed in rather delicate colors, \neach group representing one of the calendar months. The effect is \nparticularly dainty and the designs are diverting for the children \nwithout becoming tiresome from too great contrast in color. An- \nother paper that shows groups quite as charming is printed from \ndesigns by Boutet de Monvel, the famous French illustrator of child \nlife. \n\nA new idea, and one that is proving popular, is a decided de- \nparture from the conventional wall-paper, with its figures at regu- \nlarly repeated intervals. This consists in first putting on the walls \na paper of solid color to be used as a background for single figures \nor groups that are cut from friezes and pasted on to suit one\'s indi- \nvidual taste. The figures, of course, must be quite large, in order \nto be effective, and in some favorite groups cut from a frieze show- \ning little Dutch girls and yellow chicks the latter are even larger than \nlife. For nurseries, when the children are very small, the figures \nare often arranged in a frieze just above the foot-board, so that they \ncome on a line with the child\'s eye, and are therefore vastly more \nentertaining than when placed at the infinite distance of the top of \nthe wall. \n\nBlue and white seems to be the favorite combination of colors for \nnursery draperies, and among the all-over patterns are a lot of roly- \npoly children picking gigantic daisies on a pale blue ground, and \nalso a Delft design on a white ground covered with black cross lines \nthat are far enough apart to give a tiled effect. A number of other \ncolors and patterns may be had as well as the gay printed borders \nthat come two strips to a width of the material. When figured wall- \npaper is used, draperies of solid color with the printed border are \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n101 \n\n\n\nrather more satisfactory, as one set of children or animals tumbling \nover the walls, and another set chasing across the draperies, create a \nbewildering impression that is anything but restful and quieting for \nthe small occupant. The borders are particularly attractive for cur- \n\n\n\n\nThe playroom in this house was to be made use of by the grown folks \noccasionally for their handicraft work. Special attention was paid \nto built-in closets convenient for toys and tools \n\ntains made of plain scrim or some soft white material, and are \nstitched on in strips or cut out and put on in silhouette. \n\nFloor coverings especially suitable for children\'s rooms are to \nbe found in the more or less recently revived rag carpet rugs, either \nplain or with figured borders. Almost any of these rugs with their \ndecorative strips showing queerly constructed landscapes are suit- \nable, but most appropriate is one that has a solemn procession of \ngeese across either end, or another that is ornamented with a family \nof black and white bunnies lined up against a red brick wall. They \ncome in various sizes, from the small hearthrug up to the one that \nis large enough for the center of an average size room. \n\nA new rug for nurseries that is rather more practical than pretty \nis woven in the same way as the rag rugs, but instead of cotton ma- \nterials, strips of oilcloth are used, rolled so that the glossy side is \n\n\n\n102 A Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\nuppermost. The idea was first employed in making small rugs for \nbathrooms, as they are waterproof and easy to keep clean, but they \nare quite as serviceable and sanitary for children\'s rooms, and are \ncleaned by wiping oft with a damp cloth. They are made in dif- \nferent sizes, and in a mixed design, like the ordinary rag rug, or \nwith white centers and borders of solid color. \n\nIn the way of furniture, chairs and beds are to be had in a much \ngreater variety than the other pieces, and the miniature Morris \nchair is no doubt the most attractive piece of furniture that is made \nfor the little folks. It comes in almost as many different styles and \nprices as the grown-up variety, and may be had in light or dark wood, \nwith cushions of velour or leather or figured cotton material, and is a \nperfect reproduction of the large chair. Little sets consisting of \ntable and two chairs, one straight, the other with arms, are dec- \norated with juvenile figures in color, and may be had for prices that \nare quite reasonable. They are especially useful when no attempt \ncan be made at arranging a regulation nursery. One of the most \nserviceable of these sets is of dark wood with leather seat chairs and \na table of good size, the top of which is hinged and may be raised \ndisclosing a receptacle for toys or books. \n\nSmall willow and wicker tables and chairs are made in attractive \nshapes, many of them copies of the larger pieces, and are used either \nin the natural color or stained to harmonize with the color scheme \nof the room. Less substantial than the pieces made of solid wood, \nthey are rather more practical for older children than for small \nones who are no respecters of furniture, and, while designed for use \nall the year round, they are particularly suitable for summer rooms \nor to be carried outdoors. \n\nIn spite of the fact that the little white bed is always associated \nwith the child\'s room in story and song, to say nothing of the \npopular imagination, there are various kinds of brass and wooden beds \nmade in small sizes that are thoroughly in keeping with one\'s idea of \na typical nursery. The white enamel beds, which may be had as plain \nor as elaborate as one desires, are always dainty, and have the \nadvantage of harmonizing perfectly with furniture and hangings of \nalmost every description. Brass beds have the same characteristic, \nbut they are much more expensive than those of iron, and seem to \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n103 \n\n\n\n\nThe sense of possession that the child has in its own room produces much satisfaction. \nSubstantial furniture may be purchased in small sizes and a variety of wall treat- \nments are suggested with interesting friezes \n\n\n\nrequire rather more elaborate surroundings. The newest brass beds \nfor children are quite low, only about half as high as the ordinary \nbed, which is a distinct advantage, as it is much easier for the child \nto climb into, and less dangerous in case he falls out. \n\nA recently designed wooden bed of attractive appearance shows \nseverely plain lines in the head and foot boards, and in the sides \nlong narrow panels are cut out, through which the covering of the \nbox spring is seen. This bed is made only to order, and is intended \nfor elaborately decorated rooms in which a definite color scheme is \ncarried out. It may be had in any desired width and stained any \ncolor to match the other furniture, while the box spring and little \npillow and mattress are covered with the same material as the dra- \nperies of the room. \n\n\n\n104 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nJapanese prints are being received with increasing favor and thousands of beautiful \ndesigns are particularly appropriate for the children\'s room. The subjects are chiefly \nnatural history figures and they serve as an inspiration to have stories woven about \nthem \n\n\n\nFurniture of a special size for children\'s rooms is made in a design \nthat is substantial and handsome, by the manufacturer of a well- \nknown and widely used type. There is a wardrobe just five feet high, \nwith compartments for hats, clothing, and shoes; a bureau twenty-nine \ninches high, with a twenty-inch mirror on it; a bed with high sides, \nthe simple decorations of which match those of the bureau; rocking \nchairs and straight chairs with leather seats, a settle, and tables of \ndifferent sizes and shapes. Nothing could be more attractive or com- \nplete than a room furnished in this way for a child of six or seven \nyears who has outgrown the daintier surroundings of the nursery. It \nhas all of the dignity of a well-appointed grown-up room, but with \neverything in proportion to the size of its owner. \n\nEven washstand sets, suitable as to shape and decoration, may be \nhad for the child\'s room in which no detail is to be omitted. They \nare little if any smaller than the usual sets, but the decorations are in \nkeeping with those of the other appointments, and the pitchers are \ndesigned with a view to their being handled easily by small hands. \nThey are not unlike milk jugs in shape, with a substantial handle over \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n105 \n\n\n\nthe top and another at the back, so that there is small chance of their \nslipping while in transit, and the mouth is a definitely formed one that \nwill not fail to pour in the direction intended. \n\nFor a comparatively small amount a room may be fitted up with \nenough distinctive juvenile furnishings to impart individuality and \nto give the child a sense of possession that it will never have in grown- \nup surroundings. Even though circumstances are such that it has not \nhad an elaborate nursery, as soon as a child is old enough to have a \nroom of its own there is no reason why the furnishings should not be \nin keeping, and with the expenditure of a little money a dainty and \nattractive room may be arranged. High-priced beds and other pieces \nof furniture are by no means necessary, and, as is often the case, the \nmost reasonably furnished room may be the most satisfactory if a \nlittle ingenuity and good taste are brought into service. \n\nThirty to thirty-two dollars can be made to cover the cost of wall- \npaper, curtains, bed and mattress, a rug and a bureau, all in sizes and \ndesigns suitable for children. The wall-papers in juvenile patterns \nare not expensive, and the cost of papering a room of average size \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThere are various ways that Japanese prints may be used in the child\'s room. This \nand the opposite illustration show prints put on the wall and held by a molding \nat top and bottom. This also may contain a glass to protect each picture \n\n\n\nio6 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\n/-- \n\n\n\na \n?-\'* \n\n\n\nv ^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThere are decorations such as this that have an educational value and that take \nthe place of toys. These little figures on the left are really companions, while \nthe plaster plaque illustrates Stevenson\'s Verses \n\n\n\n\n\n\n^ call: \n\n\n\n\nm \n\n\n\nI \n\ni \n\n3 L o u \xe2\x96\xa0 i \xe2\x80\xa2" i C- All bti* cOiVGT; \n\n\n\nThese bas-reliefs make interesting decora- \ntions and at the same time serve as \nobject lessons in illustrating good poetry \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors 107 \n\nwould be about five dollars. A little white iron bed may be had for \nas low as five dollars, with seven dollars additional for the mattress, \nand a rug 3x6 feet in size with a decorative border is $3.50. A \nbureau of small size, such as comes in an inexpensive grade of the \nso-called antique oak, costs about $8.00. For the very reason that \nthe furnishings of the room are only temporary, and soon to be out- \ngrown and discarded, it is quite satisfactory to buy a cheap grade of \nfurniture whenever possible, if price is a consideration. A small \nbureau is less expensive than one made especially in a child\'s size, and \nis equally practical if not so substantially made. Such a bureau can \nbe done over in white enamel to match the bed, or in any dark color \nthat may be preferred in place of the shiny oak finish. \n\nFor curtains that hang straight from the top of the window to the \nlower edge of the sash, scrim at twenty-five cents a yard would cost \ntwo dollars. Allowing four yards for each of two windows, and \nenough printed cretonne to make a decorative border, it would cost \na dollar and a half additional. \n\nThese figures are of the very lowest for which a child\'s room can \nbe fitted up, but even with everything of the most inexpensive grade \nit will give more real pleasure than one on which a much greater \namount has been spent if the room is nondescript in its furnishings \nand fails to impress the child with a sense of ownership. \n\nSarah Leyburn Coe \n\n\n\n\nio8 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nF \n\n\n^^ **IJUl \n\n\n\xe2\x80\x94 3 J T \n\nH \nHi \n\n\nfjji \n\n\na \n\n\nE. li^ \n\ni r<-*\xe2\x80\x94 *: \n\n1 ^1 Ifc 8 \n\n\n\' aB flJ \n\n\ni \n\n\n\n\n- \n\n\n111 Hill Mi, \n\n\ni \n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n:; ; \n\n\n\n\n1 \n\n\n\n\nIn the right place half-timber work on plaster has \nmany possibilities for hall decoration \n\n\n\nCharacteristic Staircase Types \nand Hall Treatments \n\n\n\n\nJapanese grass cloth in golden color is an excellent combination for \nchestnut stained light brown. Wood strips are used instead of paneling \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n109 \n\n\n\n\nIn certain old Colonial halls the entrance is fashioned in a semicircular \nrecess up which the stairs curve in a spiral. The effect is exceedingly \nbeautiful but requires much space \n\n\n\n\nThe front door in this house opens directly into the living-room, into which \nstairs come down at one side. The wood has natural treatment and part \nof the banister forms the wainscot of the room \n\n\n\nno \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nSome of the best Colonial detail is to be \nfound in newel posts where careful \ncraftsmen worked a variety of spirals \n\n\n\nOne method of securing pleasing deco- \nrative effects was the use of balusters \nin three different designs \n\n\n\n\nIn the old farmhouses for the sake of \nwarmth the main stairway was made \nwith the smallest possible well and \noften closed with a door at the main \nhall \n\n\n\nThis is a modern example by Wilson Eyre \nof the stair well inclosed for the greater \npart of its length. Such arrangement \nis only possible under certain lighting, \nconditions \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n1 1 1 \n\n\n\n\nThe stairs that rise from this living-room are designed to take \nup as little room as possible. In this they are very successful \nand little of the banister rail and stair woodwork can be seen \n\n\n\n\nWhere there is a large room made dignified by architectural decoration \nthe twin stairways curving either side of a main flight are decidedly im- \npressive; but one should not plan to make use of this effect in any but a \npretentious house \n\n\n\n\n[112] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n113 \n\n\n\n\nThis view shows to good advantage the value of an archway between \nliving-room and hall. Woodwork, simply carved, frames in delightfully \nthe stairway which is so appropriately treated with a forest frieze. Cur- \ntains would be objectionable here \n\n\n\nii 4 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n\nThis hall is of generous width, and the stairs rise straight with but one \nlanding lighted by a large window. A window is almost a necessity in \nthe hall as it permits a free circulation of air throughout the house \n\n\n\n\nA use of the Colonial flat arch which : \nliving-room and makes a \n\n\n\nates this stairway from the \n11 room of it \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nii5 \n\n\n\n\nSimplicity characterizes this Colonial stairway that is very similar to \nthe one at the top of page 114. There is, however, a baseboard treatment \nwhich, like the banister rail, is crowned with mahogany \n\n\n\n\nIn the recess made by the vestibule the stairway is economically placed. \nThe hall serves the double purpose of entrance and reception room \n\n\n\n\nPlanning the Kitchen \n\n\n\n/ T -v HERE is a growing and altogether proper tendency to treat \n\xe2\x96\xa0*\xe2\x96\xa0 the kitchen as an integral part of the house, which was almost \nentirely absent in English and American houses of early times; in \nfact, until within the last twenty-five years very little thought was \nattached to it. A century ago it was regarded advisable to have the \nkitchen occupy a separate building somewhat removed from the \nmain building or located at a great distance from the dining or \nliving rooms, ofttimes the whole length of the house. The principal \nreason for this was the primitive methods used in cooking and pre- \nparing foods which were very objectionable at close range. Odors, \nnoises and unsanitary appliances made the kitchen a place to be \nabhorred and to be kept as far away as possible. The present-day \nintelligent methods of dealing with the kitchen, particularly in Amer- \nica, have effected a complete transformation in this old idea. Our \nmodern successful architect of the home attaches great importance to \nthe planning of the kitchen, with its adjoining pantries, closets, \nstorage rooms, etc. ; and rightfully he should, as it goes more towards \nmaking for the convenience, help and comfort of the up-to-date \nhousehold than possibly any other feature of the home. \n\nThe modern English kitchen with its relation to the dining-room \nis interesting for comparison with those here in America, chiefly \nbecause the early English settlers constitute the original source from \nwhich we obtain our start in house-building. The English kitchen\'s \n\n[116] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n117 \n\n\n\nadjuncts practically comprise separate departments, such as the scul- \nlery, larder, wood, ashes, knives and boots, fuel, etc. This con- \ndition naturally requires the employment of considerable help even \nin the smaller homes. On the other hand, the compactness so \nnoticeable in American homes \xe2\x80\x94 requiring perhaps one-half the space, \n\n\n\n\nThe model kitchen has developed considerably from the higgledy- \npiggledy arrangement of Colonial times. Supplies are limited to \nthe most necessary articles, and these stored away in a handy \nlocation \n\n\n\nthus reducing the necessary help to a minimum and obtaining the \nmaximum of convenience \xe2\x80\x94 has brought our kitchen to a standard, \nnearly, if not entirely, approaching the ideal. The American archi- \ntect has based his idea for this compactness upon the same reasoning \nas is exercised in fitting up a convenient workshop, for truly a kitchen \nis the workshop of the house. Again, the peculiar custom of medi- \neval times in placing the kitchen a considerable distance from the \ndining-room still survives in the English homes, while in American \nhomes a marked difference has long prevailed. The kitchen here is \nusually placed as near as possible to the dining-room, only separated, \nif at all, by a china-closet, pantry, or butler\'s room. \n\n\n\nn8 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nConvenience, cleanliness and ventilation are three essentials that \nmust be paramount in arranging the up-to-date kitchen and its acces- \nsories. \n\nWhile there may be differences as to minor details, the principal \nfeatures to be obtained in establishing a modern kitchen may be \nfound in the various suggestions herein contained: \n\nist. The kitchen should be roomy but not excessively large. \nThis applies to any size of house, as too large a kitchen is maintained \n\n\n\n\nSuch a kitchen de luxe is expensive, but not extravagant. The built-in \nrange, tiled wall and floor, together with the open plumbing, give the \nhighest degree of sanitation \n\nat the expense of convenience and labor. An ideal size for a kitchen \nin a house measuring 25x50 (containing living-room, reception \nroom, dining-room and pantry on first floor) would be 12x15 feet. \n2nd. The general construction of the interior is of the utmost \nimportance. The floor may be of hard Georgia pine, oiled, or \ncovered with linoleum or oilcloth.- As a covering, linoleum of a \ngood inlaid pattern, while more expensive than oilcloth, proves the \nbest and most economical in length of service. In a house where \ncomfort is demanded regardless of cost, an interlocking rubber tiling \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n119 \n\n\n\nis suggested. This flooring absolutely avoids noises and slipping and \nis comfortable to the feet, as well as being of an exceptional dura- \nbility. Other floors of a well-merited character are unglazed tile, \nbrick, or one of the many patented compositions consisting chiefly of \ncement, which is also fireproof. \n\nThe wainscoting, if adopted for the kitchen, can be of tile, enam- \neled brick, or matched and V-jointed boards, varnished or painted; \n\n\n\n\nThe sink should have a drainboard space and be located where the light \nmay fall directly upon it. The row of hooks for utensils saves much \nwalking \n\n\n\nbut in any event should be connected with the floor in a manner to \navoid cracks for collecting dust or dirt. This is accomplished (when \na wooden wainscot is used) by means of a plain rounded molding \nwhich is set in the rightangle formed by the junction of the floor \nwith the wainscot. While seldom seen, because of the expense, a \nkitchen completely tiled or bricked on walls, floor and ceiling is \nindeed a thing of beauty and necessarily an ideally sanitary room. \n\nThe doors, window frames, dressers and other necessary wood- \nwork should be plain, made of medium wood and painted some \n\n\n\n120 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nlight color or enameled white; or finished in the natural state with \na transparent varnish. \n\nThe walls and ceiling, if not tiled or bricked, should be finished \nwith a hard smooth plaster and painted three or four coats of some \nlight color \xe2\x80\x94 light yellow, green, or blue making a very agreeable \ncolor to the eye. This manner of treatment permits the walls to be \n\n\n\n\nDJHfMCl BOOM \n\n\n\nThe butler\'s pantry should have an indirect connection between the kitchen \nand the dining-room. The two doors here keep out odors, noise and heat \nfrom the dining-room. The refrigerator is in the cook\'s pantry and opens \nout on the porch \n\n\n\nwashed and kept free from dust and dirt, which latter is a disagree- \nable feature in the use of wall papers. \n\n3rd. The proper installation of the various furnishings of the \nkitchen is worthy of much thought and consideration. Of all these, \nnothing is of more vital importance nor appeals more strongly to \nthe household than the range. The size of the range is largely \ngoverned by the size of the house or the number of persons it is \nintended to serve. However, it is advisable to have a range not \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n121 \n\n\n\nless than three feet square for a seven or eight-room house. It \nshould be of a thoroughly modern style, with a hood over it, either \nbuilt in or of sheet iron, an excellent provision for drawing away \nthe steam and fumes of cooking. And, by all means, the range \nshould be placed so that direct daylight falls upon it. Most present- \nday houses also have either gas or electric ranges installed in them \n\n\n\n\nThe modern kitchen may be neat and clean if all of wood, with V-matched \nboards varnished or painted. The space under the drainboard here for a \ntable is a feature worth adopting. The cupboard over the shelf is also an \nattractive feature \n\n\n\nand these should be near the coal range so as to confine all cooking \nto one part of the kitchen; and further, especially in winter when \nlarge gatherings are entertained, they furnish a combined service. \nSome large establishments, in addition to the range, are especially \nequipped with " warmers." \n\nThe sink, being so closely allied in its usefulness to the range, \nshould be placed near the latter and under, between or near win- \ndows, but never where the person using it would have his back \nto the light. It may be of galvanized iron, copper, soapstone or \nenameled porcelain, and provided with an ample draining-board; \n\n\n\n122 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\ntwo being much preferred. If there is a special sink for vegetables \nrequired, it should be immediately adjoining the draining-board to \ninsure compactness and convenience as well as economy in plumbing. \nThe draining-board may be of hard wood or of wood covered with \ncopper or zinc. The best are made of enameled ware similar to \nthe sinks. Draining-boards of copper or zinc should be given only \n\n\n\n\nA feature of this plan is the sliding door connecting the kitchen and \npantry. This may be closed when cooking is in progress and successfully \nkeeps all odors from rinding their way into the dining-room. Opposite \nwindows provide a cross draft and excellent ventilation \n\n\n\na slight slope to prevent the possibility of dishes slipping therefrom. \n\nThe refrigerator should be built in or placed against an outside \nwall in order that the ice can be put in easily from without through \neither a small opening or window. If it can be avoided, the refriger- \nator should not be placed immediately in the kitchen, but rather \nin the entry, pantry or enclosed porch. \n\nThe kitchen of the small house which sometimes has no com- \nmunicating pantry should have built therein dressers of such pro- \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n123 \n\n\n\nportions as will accommodate all the necessary dishes, pots, vessels, \nbins for flour, sugar, etc., cutlery, and other things essential for \nobtaining the best results under the circumstances. A dresser of \ncommodious size is always a blessing. The top portion, of plain \nshelves, should be enclosed either with doors or sliding glass fronts; \nthe lower portion, first lined with zinc and enclosed with solid \nwooden doors so constructed to fit nearly if not airtight. If an \n\n\n\n\nThis German kitchen is a model of neatness and cleanliness in its white \nenamel furnishings. The cupboard provides space for china, the long \nshelf beneath being a great convenience, while the various bins and \ndrawers provide proper places for everything \n\n\n\nexclusive pot closet is desired, it should be handy to the range and \nat the same time be under cover for sanitary reasons. \n\nFrequently in a small kitchen a counter or drop leaves against \nthe wall are substituted for a table, but in most kitchens a good- \nsized substantial table, preferably in the center of the room, is \nfound indispensable. The table should have a smooth top that \ncan be easily kept clean. Although costly, a heavy plate glass fitted \nperfectly with rounded edges makes a splendid top for the table. \n\nThe service part of the house, of which the kitchen is the central \nroom, should fit together just as parts of a machine and form a \n\n\n\nI2 4 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interi \n\n\n\nors \n\n\n\nunit in themselves. The pantries, store rooms, etc., should be placed \nso as to afford easy access one to the other. \n\nIn a house, which has two or more servants, a dining-room or \nalcove should be provided for their use. This may be a part of \nthe kitchen or immediately adjoining, and merely large enough to \nseat comfortably the servants around a table. \n\nThe cook\'s pantry should contain cupboards in which are all the \nnecessary paraphernalia for preparing pastries, puddings, etc., such \n\n\n\n\nA kitchen in a large country place that is equipped with every possible convenience, \nsliding doors, built-in refrigerator, clothes chute, dumbwaiter and a revolving drum \nbetween kitchen and butler\'s pantry. There is also provision made for a servants 7 \ndining-room, advisable wherever possible \n\n\n\nas bins, bakeboards, crockery, pans and supplies, and should be \nlighted by at least one window. \n\nThe butler\'s pantry, or china-closet as it is often called \xe2\x80\x94 generally \nlocated and affording direct communication between the kitchen and \nthe dining-room \xe2\x80\x94 is essentially a serving-room and should contain \na sink with draining-boards, cupboards and shelves to accommodate \nthe fine china, glassware and other requisites for the table. With \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors 125 \n\nsuch a plan the door between the pantry and kitchen may be either \nsliding or double swinging, but between the pantry and the dining- \nroom, a noiseless double-swinging door. A slide, with small shelves \nor counters on either side, between the kitchen and pantry, for the \npassing of food and dishes, saves time and steps. It is well to have \n\n\n\nThe kitchen need not be large, if it is compact. In the house 25\' x 50\' the \nideal size is about 13\' x 15\'. A work table of this sort does away with \nmany unnecessary steps, the lower shelf being a convenient place to put \narticles that are in constant use \n\nthe communication rather indirect through the pantry to prevent in \na measure the passage of odors or a direct view of the kitchen by \nthose entering the dining-room or seated at the table. This can \nbe partly accomplished by not having the communicating doors \ndirectly opposite each other. \n\nThe outside entrance to the kitchen should be so placed as to \nfacilitate the delivery of provisions, preferably through an entry or \nan enclosed porch. \n\nThe laundry in many houses is combined with the kitchen or \nimmediately adjoining, in which latter case it often serves as an \nentry and a place to store certain articles, such as brooms, buckets \n\n\n\n\n\n126] \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\n127 \n\n\n\nand possibly the refrigerator. The very best plan is to have the \nlaundry in the basement, with separate outside stairs. In such a \ncase, a chute for sending soiled linen, etc., should run from the \nkitchen or pantry to the laundry. \n\nThe kitchen should above all be well ventilated and have plenty \nof daylight. The necessary fumes and heat arising from the cook- \n\n\n\n\nPlaster walls should be finished with a hard surface and given several coats \nof a waterproof paint. The shelves beneath the sink here provide a place \nuseful and easily accessible \n\ning should be taken care of in such a way that none of it is carried \nto the dining-room or to other parts of the house. This can partly \nbe accomplished by the hood over the range, but plenty of fresh air \nis required. Generally in country homes, the living-rooms are given \nthe southern exposure, so the kitchen usually faces the north. The \nbest location is either the northern or eastern exposure, as the cool- \ning breezes in the summer generally come from that direction, espe- \ncially in this part of the country, and combined with the morning \nsun, make the kitchen cheerful and cool. If possible there should \nbe exposure on at least two sides, opposite, affording cross ventilation \nas well as an abundance of light. All windows should be well fitted \n\n\n\n128 \n\n\n\nA Book of Distinctive Interiors \n\n\n\nwith screens in summer to keep out flies and other insects attracted \nby the odors of cooking. \n\nThe best artificial lighting is obtained by a reflector in the center \nof the kitchen, possibly with side brackets where necessary, as at \nthe sink or at the range. \n\nIn a large house the service portion may be situated in a separate \n\n\n\n\nA very novel kitchen cupboard is this, with the shelf space in \nthe doors giving almost a double capacity. The bread \nboard slides beneath a shelf and is provided with handles \n\n\n\nwing and if so the stairs should be in a small hall, centrally located \nand near the kitchen, especially the stairs to the cellar. This hall \nmay contain a closet for brooms and a lavatory for the use of the \nservants. It it well not to have the stairway ascending directly from \nthe kitchen, as it lessens the valuable wall space. The rooms directly \nover the kitchen can best be utilized in most cases for servants\' sleep- \ning rooms as they are often objectionable for members of the house- \nhold, or guests. \n\nJames Earle Miller \n\n\n\nH25 85 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nV* \n\n\n\ny* \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n.0^ - *- * o \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n0\xc2\xbb0- \xc2\xabU ,& -\xc2\xbb,1 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n*, \n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0W \n\n\n\n<r .: \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n%,\xe2\x99\xa6* \n\n\n\n\n\n\n^0* \n\n\n\n"&V \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\no_ * \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\no\xc2\xb0 ^\'^-\\/ V\'^\'\'/ *\\*^ 7 *\\^\' %\'\xe2\x80\xa2\xc2\xbb.\xe2\x80\xa2 .o- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\\* \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n, V _ u - \xe2\x96\xbcj \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n: a^^ -.mm: J>^ \n\n\n\n\n-4> o\xc2\xab-,.^ G\xc2\xb0 ,C^ \xc2\xb0o \n\n\n\n^\xc2\xb0^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n* -y* \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2**# \n\n\n\n*<J%$\xc2\xa3\\<? %\'-fS*\\<y <**3$\xc2\xa3*g^ \\ *-.-\xc2\xab\\^ <\xe2\x96\xba"< \n\nA- \n\n\n\n\n, <*> \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n'