b'\n\n\n\n*^\xc2\xab,^ \n\n\n\n^ \xe2\x80\xa2>* ^Y - . ""--"\xe2\x96\xa0\'- \xe2\x96\xa0 ill \'\'\xc2\xab.- -\xe2\x96\xa0 \' /. \\ \'^\' ,.i\'~ II.\'. ., ,- . ^^^ \' \n\n\n\n\n\n\nyO^.. \n\n\n\n.\'X\'- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n"\'l-^ * O N " \\\'^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n:-s\\ \n\n\n\nrS \n\n\n\n\nxO^.. \n\n\n\n<^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n/\xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n.-^- \n\n\n\n^^, \n\n\n\n$\'\' \'%. \n\n\n\n^ .. ^. *. .0- ,X> \n\n\n\n^OQ \n\n\n\nA \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\'V \n\n\n\nr.r. -^^ \n\n\n\n-/\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\'\xe2\x96\xa0^^ - ^ \' \xc2\xab ^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\'^ \' \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n.\'^\' \n\n\n\n\n\n\n.A^ . ^ \' \xc2\xab * \'^b \n\n\n\n\n\n\nvX \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0f \n\n\n\n\\j \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\'^j^?:?^^^^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n>,-*i\'.. \n\n\n\nc^:^^^I.^x. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n./ ,\xe2\x80\xa2" \n\n\n\nV 1 ^ \' \xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0\xe2\x96\xa0 v"^ \'^ \n\n\n\nV \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nr - \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\n\n\n\naVj;. \n\n\n\n\n\n\nI \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nvX^\' ^^ = \n\n\n\nc*- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n%.\' \n\n\n\n\n\n\n.0^^ \n\n\n\n,s^ -%-, \n\n\n\n. % \n\n\n\n\n\n\n8 1^ -s \n\n\n\n^ " " \' /, C V , \n\n\n\n\'bo\'\' \n\n\n\n*.^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n.\'^^ \n\n\n\n\':^: \n\n\n\n*t^ ^ Czi \n\n\n\nHISTORY \n\n\n\nOF \n\n\n\nBOONE COUNTY, MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nAVltlTTEN AND COMPILED \n\n\n\nFROM THE MOST AUTHENTIC OFFICIAL AND PRI^ ATE SOURCES ; \n\n\n\nINCLUDING A HISTOEY OF ITS \n\n\n\nTOwisrsHiPS, TOw:^^s and villages. \n\n\n\nTOGETHER WITH \n\nA CONDENSED HISTORY OF MISSOURI ; TPIE CITY OF ST. LOUIS ; A RELIABLE AND \n\nDETAILED HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY \xe2\x80\x94 ITS PIONEER RECORD, AYAR HISTORY, \n\nRESOURCES, BIOGRAPHICAL SIvETCHES AND PORTRAITS OF PROMINENT \n\n\n\nCITIZENS; GENER.VL AND LOCAL STATISTICS OP GREAT VALUE, \n\nAND A LARGE AMOUNT OF LEGiYL AND MISCELLANEOUS /^^"^"^c" \n\n\n\nMATTER; INCIDENTS AND REMINISCENCES, \nGRAVE, TRAGIC, HUMOROUS. \n\n\n\n\\ \n\n\n\nij: iim \n\n\n\n^^S>0FWA5HVVi?l^^- \n\n\n\nILLUSTRATED. \n\n\n\nST. LOUIS: \nWESTERN HISTORICAL COMPANY. \n\n1882. \n\n\n\nEntered according to Act of Congress, in tlie year 1882, by \n\nWILLIAM F. SWITZLER, \nIn tlie Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. \n\n\n\nSt. Louis: Press of Nixon-Jones Printing Co. \n\n\n\nPREFACE. \n\n\n\nIn presenting to the citizens of Boone County this history, it is with the \nfull knowledge that there must necessarily be some errors found within its \npages ; otherwise, it would be different from anj^ work yet compiled by human \nhands, absolute perfection never having been reached, either in the historical \nor any other field of earthly labor. \n\nIn attempting to compile a complete history of Boone County a great \nvariety of sources of information had to be consulted by the writers hereof : \nold files of newspapers, early oflficial records, previously written histori- \ncal works and reviews, old settlers still living, letters of correspondence \nand private documents have all been consulted in embodying what is set forth \nin this history. Considering all these things, absolute freedom from error \nwould be a miracle of wonders. Much care, however, has been taken to \navoid ex parte statements, and the writers--and publishers claim that this his- \ntory, while not exact in everything, treats all with fairness and candor. To \ngather the incidents of the long ago has been a work of infinite care and at- \ntention to detail. Intelligent readers may judge, therefore, how this labor \nhas been performed, and do us the justice to accredit us with an honest en- \ndeavor to make this history worth}^, in all respects, the careful perusal of the \nreader. \n\nTo name all persons to whom the publishers are indebted for the facts \nherein, would be an undertaking of too great a magnitude, for there is \nscarcely a citizen of any prominence in the county who has not, in some way, \ncontributed to the compilation of this work. First and foremost the pubHsh- \ners desire to acknowledge themselves indebted to Col. Wm. F. Switzler, of \nColumbia, who has written the greater part of the general history, besides re- \nvising and correcting the condensed matter of this publication pertaining to \nthe State of Missouri. To Dr. George C. Swallow, late of Columbia, the \npublishers are under special obligations for many favors extended them, and \nparticularly for the very able and scientifically written chapter on the geology \n\xc2\xbbof the county. Mr. John W. Hatton, one of Columbia\'s literary authors, \n\n(iii) \n\n\n\nIV PREFACE. \n\nhas aided, by his faithful labor, the completion of these pages, the most of \nthe biographical matter being the arrangement of his ready pen. Mr. Ed. \nW. Stephens, editor of the Herald, has been freely drawn upon in his histor- \nical sketch of Boone County, published in the County Atlas of 1876. All the \neditors of all the papers of the county, also Dr. A. F. Sneed and Dr. P. S. \nHocker, of Centralia, Gen. Odon Guitar, Maj. Jas. S. Rollins, and other cit- \nizens of Columbia, Dr. F. G. Sitton, of Ashland, and a host of other private \ncitizens too numerous to mention have assisted in furnishing the information \nherein embodied ; and to the entire citizenship of the county, the publishers \nreturn thanks for the universal courtesy with which they and their assistants \nhave been treated. \n\nWith these few preliminary remarks we submit this work to the tender crit- \nicism of a charitable public. And when, in days to come, its pages shall be \nconned by children yet unborn, it is hoped that they may be able to say that \nits perusal, besides entertaining and instructing them, has the better prepared \nthem for the exercise of all the functions of intelligent citizenship in a free \nand enlightened land. \n\n\n\nCONTENTS. \n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nCHAPTER I. \n\nPAGE. \n\nThe Louisiana Purchase \xe2\x80\x94 Brief Historical Sketch 1-7 \n\nCHAPTER II. \nDbscriptive and Geographical 7-13 \n\nCHAPTER III. \nGeology of Missouri 13-21 \n\nCHAPTER IV. \nTitle and Early Settlers 21-27 \n\nCHAPTER V. \nTerritorial Organization 27-31 \n\nCHAPTER VI. \nAdmission into the Union . . .\xe2\x96\xa0 31-37 \n\nCHAPTER VII. \n\nMissouri as a State 37-43 \n\nCHAPTER VIII. \nCivil War in Missouri 43-53 \n\nCHAPTER IX. \n\nEarly Military Record of the State 53-59 \n\nCHAPTER X. \nAgriculture and Mineral Wealth 59-65 \n\nCHAPTER XI. \nEducation \xe2\x80\x94 The Public School System 65-78 \n\nCHAPTER Xir. \nReligious Denominations 73-79 \n\nCHAPTER XIII. \nGov. Crittenden\'s Administration 79-85 \n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\nFrom 1762 to 1882 \xe2\x80\x94 Leading Institutions, etc 86-lOG \n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI . \n\nPublic and Personal Rights, Legal Forms, etc 107-120 \n\n[5] \n\n\n\nvi Contents. \n\nSTATISTICS. \n\nPage. \nPopuLATioir, Vital, Industrial and Political Statistics .... 121-124 \n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nCHAPTER I. \n\nIntroduction \xe2\x80\x94 Early History 125-148 \n\nCHAPTER 11. \nFrom the Organization of the County, in 1820, to 1830 . ... 148-182 \n\nCHAPTER ni. \nHistory of the County from 1830 to 1840 182-216 \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 CHAPTER IV. \n\nEarly Colleges and Academies 217-229 \n\nCHAPTER V. \nEarly History of the Missouri State University 229-269 \n\nCHAPTER VI. \nHistory of the State Uniyersity from 1843 to 1860 ... . . 270-290 \n\nCHAPTER VII. \n\nHistory of the State University from 1860 to 1882 ... . . 291-330 \n\nCHAPTER Vin. \n\nHistory of the County from 1840 to 1850 . 330-859 \n\nCHAPTER IX. \nHistory of the County from 1850 to 1860 . . . . . . . 360-394 \n\nCHAPTER X. \nThe Civil War Commenced \xe2\x80\x94 History from 1860 to 1863 . . . 394-426 \n\nCHAPTER XL \nThe Civil War Concluded 427-486 \n\nCHAPTER Xll \nHistory of the County from 1866 to 1870 . . . . . . . 486-502 \n\nCHAPTER XIII. \nHistory of the County from 1870 to 1882 . 503-530 \n\nCHAPTER XIV. \nGeology of Boone County 531-538 \n\nTOWNSHIP HISTORIES. \n\nCHAPTER XV. \nBourbon Township 539-614 \n\nCHAPTER XVI. \nCedar Township\' 614-692 \n\nCHAPTER XVII. \nCentralia Township . . . . . 682-733 \n\n\n\nContents. \n\n\n\nVll \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XVin. \n\nPAGE. \n\nCoLtTMBiA Township , 734:-80O \n\nCHAPTER XIX. \nThe City of Columbia 801-974 \n\nCHAPTER XX. \n\nMissouri Township . 975-1 0G4 \n\nt \n\nCHAPTER XXI. \n\nPebche Township 1065-1104 \n\nCHAPTER XXII. \nRocKT FoEK Township 1104-1135 \n\nCHAPTER XXIII. \n\nBooNE CoiTNTY Live Stock Interests 1135-1142 \n\nList of County Officials 1148-1144 \n\n\n\nILLUSTRATI01)[S \n\n\n\nVIEWS. \n\n\n\nPAGE. \n\nNormal School, Cape Girardeau . 66 \n\nSt. Louis Bridge ....... 87 \n\nFour Courts, St. Louis 88 \n\nSt. Louis Fair Grounds .... 90 \n\nNew Custom House, St. Louis . . 92 \n\nSt. Louis Union Depot o 94 \n\nView in Shaw\'s Garden, St. Louis 96 \n\nSt. Louis High School 98 \n\nNew Armory Building, St. Louis . 100 \n\nWashington University .... 102 \n\nSt. Louis Merchants\' Exchange . 104 \n\nMo. University Buildings, opposite 266 \n\n\n\nAgricultural Farm Mansion, Mis- \nsouri University, opp. . . . 307 \nEnglish and Art Sch\'l, Mo. Un., opp. 307 \nThe Laws Observatory, opp. . . 326 \nChalybeate Spring, Mo. Un., opp. . 326 \nResidence of J. Lucas Turner, Esq, 684 \nStephens Female College . . . 808 \n\nChristian College 810 \n\nColumbia Public ScH00L,*opp. , , 816 \n\nResidence of Gen, Odon Guitar . 878 \n\nResidence of Hon, J. S. Rollins . 934 \n\nResidence of Capt. J. H. Rollins . 936 \n\n\n\nPORTRAITS. \n\n\n\nHon. J. S. Rollins (Frontispiece). \n\nCol. "Wm. F. Switzler, opp. . . . 125 \n\nDb. a. W. Rollins 254 \n\nPresident J. H, Lathrop, opp. . . 295 \n\nPresident Daniel Read, opp. . , . 324 \n\nGen. John B. Henderson 398 \n\nDr. George C. Swallow, opp. . . . 531 \n\nDr. J. S. LocKRiDGE, opp 595 \n\nS. W. Turner opp 612 \n\nMaj. Wm. W. Bryan, opp. . . . i 644 \n\nMrs. Cornelia A. Robinson, opp. . 674 \n\n"Wm. Smith, opp 679 \n\n\n\npage. \n\nN. W. Wilson, opp 795 \n\nJ. L. Matthews, opp 908 \n\nJ. K, Rogers, opp 929 \n\nJohn M. Samuel, opp. ,.\xe2\x99\xa6... 946 \n\nHon. J. L. Stevens, opp 955 \n\nW. M Scott 950 \n\nGeo. p. Kennan 950 \n\nM. p. Lientz, opp 1040 \n\nDavid Pipes, opp 1051 \n\nJohn S. Wilhite, opp 1063 \n\nCapt. David Prowell, opp. . . . 1093 \nDavid S. Shock, opp 1096 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nCHAPTEE I. \nLOUISIANA PURCHASE. \n\nBRIEF HISTORICAL SKETCH. \n\nThe purchase in 1803 of the vast territory west of the Mississippi \nRiver, by the United States, extending through Oregon to the Pacific \ncoast and south to the Dominions of Mexico, constitutes the most im- \nportant event that ever occurred in the history of the nation. \n\nIt gave to our Republic additional room for that expansion and \nstupendous growth, to which it has since attained, in all that makes it \nstrong and enduring, and forms the seat of an empire, from which \nwill radiate an influence for good unequaled in the annals of time. In \n1763, the immense region of country, known at that time as Louisiana, \nwas ceded to Spain by France. By a secret article, in the treaty of \nSt. Ildefonso, concluded in 1800, Spain ceded it back to France. \nNapoleon, at that time, coveted the island of St. Domingo, not only \nbecause of the value of its products, but more especially because its \nlocation in the Gulf of Mexico would, in a military point of view, \nafibrd him a fine field whence he could the more efiectively guard his \nnewly-acquired possessions. Hence he desired this cession by Spain \nshould be kept a profound secret until he succeeded in reducing St. \nDomingo to submission. In this undertaking, however, his hopes \nwere blasted, and so great was his disappointment that he apparently \nbecame indifi*erent to the advantages to be secured to France from his \npurchase of Louisiana. \n\nIn 1803 he sent out Laussat as prefect of the colony, who gave the \n\n(1) \n\n\n\n2 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\npeople of Louisiana the first intimation they had that they had once \nmore become the subjects of France. This was the occasion of great \nrejoicing among the inhabitants, who were Frenchmen in their origin^ \nhabits, manners, and customs. \n\nMr. Jefferson, then President of the United States, on being in- \nformed of the retrocession, immediately dispatched instructions to \nRobert Livingston, the American Minister at Paris, to make known \nto Napoleon that the occupancy of New Orleans, by his government, \nwould not only endanger the friendly relations existing between the \ntwo nations, but, perhaps, oblige the United States to make common \ncause with England, his bitterest and most dreaded enemy : as the \npossession of the city by France would give her command of the \nMississippi, which was the only outlet for the produce of the West- \nern States, and give her also control ot the Gulf of Mexico, so neces- \nsary to the protection of American commerce. Mr. Jefferson was so \nfully impressed with the idea that the occupancy of New Orleans, by \nFrance, would bring about a conflict of interests between the two \nnations, which would finally culminate in an open rupture, that he \nurged Mr. Livingston, to not only insist upon the free navigation of \nthe Mississippi, but to negotiate for the purchase of the city and the \nsurrounding country. \n\nThe question of this negotiation was of so grave a character to the \nUnited States that the President appointed Mr. Monroe, with full \npower to act in conjunction with Mr. Livingston. Ever equal to all \nemergencies, and prompt in the cabinet, as well as in the field. Na- \npoleon came to the conclusion that, as he could not well defend his \noccupancy of New Orleans, he would dispose of it, on the best terms \npossible. Before, however, taking final action in the matter, he sum- \nmoned two of his Ministers, and addressed them follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" I am fully sensible of the value of Louisiana, and it was my wish \nto repair the error of the French diplomatists who abandoned it in \n1763. I have scarcely recovered it before I run the risk of losing it ; \nbut if I am obliged to give it up, it shall hereafter cost more to those \nwho force me to part with it, than to those to whom I shall \nyield it. The English have despoiled France of all her northern pos- \nsessions in America, and now they covet those of the South. I am \ndetermined that they shall not have the Mississippi. Althongli \nLouisiana is but a trifle compared to their vast possessions in other \nparts of the globe, yet, judging from the vexation they have mani- \nfested on seeing it return to the power of France, I am certain that \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 3 \n\ntheir first object will be to gain possession of it. They will proba- \nbly commence the war in that quarter. They have twenty vessels in \nthe Gulf of Mexico, and our affairs in St. Dominoo arc dailv irettiiu>- \nworse since the death of LeCIerc. The conquest of Louisiana mio-ht \nbe easily made, and I have not a moment to lose in getting out of \ntheir reach. I am not sure but that they have already begun an at- \ntack upon it. Such a measure Avould be in accordance with their \nhabits ; and in their place I should not Avait. I am inclined, in order \nto deprive them of all prospect of ever possessing it, to cede it to the \nUnited States. Indeed, I can hardly say that I cede it, for I do not \nyet possess it ; and if I wait but a short time my enemies may leave \nme nothing but an empty title to grant to the Republic I wish to con- \nciliate. I consider the whole colony as lost, and I believe that in the \nhands of this rising power it will be more useful to the political and \neven commercial interests of France than if I should attempt to retain \nit. Let me have both your opinions on the subject." \n\nOne of his Ministers a[)proved of the contemplated cession, but \nthe other opposed it. The matter was long and earnestly discussed \nby them, before the conference was ended. The next day. Napoleon \nsent for the Minister who had agreed with him, and said to him : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n"The season for deliberation is over. I have determined to re- \nnounce Louisiana. I shall give up not only New Orleans, but the \nwhole colony, without reservation. That I do not undervalue Louis- \niana, I have sufficiently proved, as the object of my first treaty with \nSpain was to recover it. But though I regret parting with it, I am \nconvinced it would be folly to persist in trying to keep it. I commis- \nsion you, therefore, to negotiate this affair with the envoys of the \nUnited States. Do not wait the arrival of Mr. Monroe, but go this \nvery day and confer with Mr. Livingston. Remember, however, that \nI need ample funds for carrying on the war, and I do not wish to com- \nmence it by levying new taxes. For the last century France and Spain \nhave incurred great expense in the improvement of Louisiana, for \nwhich her trade has never indemnified them. Large sums have been \nadvanced to different companies, which have never been returned to \nthe treasury. It is fair that I should require repayment for these. \nWere I to regulate my demands by the importance of this territory \nto the United States, they would be unbounded ; but, being obliged to \npart with it, I shall be moderate in my terms. Still, remember, I \nmust have fifty millions of francs, and I will not consent to take less. \n\n\n\n4 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nI would rather make some desperate effort to preserve this fine \ncountry." \n\nThat day the negotiations commenced. Mr. Monroe reached Paris \non the 12th of April, 1803, and the two representatives of the United \nStates, after holding a private interview, announced that they were \nready to treat for the entn-e territory. On the 30th of April, the \ntreaty was signed, and on the 21st of October, of the same year. Con- \ngress ratified the treaty. The United States were to pay $11,250,000, \nand her citizens Avere to be compensated for some illegal captures, \nto the amount of $3,750,000, making in the aggregate the sum of \n$15,000,000, while it was agreed that the vessels and merchandise of \nFrance and Spain should be admitted into all the ports ot Louisiana \nfree of duty for twelve years. Bonaparte stipulated in favor of \nLouisiana, that it should be, as soon as possible, incorporated into \nthe Union, and that its inhabitants should enjoy the same rights, \nprivileo-es and immunities as other citizens of the United States, and \nthe clause giving to them these benefits was drawn up by Bonaparte, \nwho presented it to the plenipotentiaries with these words : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" Make it known to the people of Louisiana, that we regret to part \nwith them ; that we have stipulated for all the advantages they could \ndesire ; and that France, in giving them up, has insured to them the \ngreatest of all. They could never have prospered under any Euro- \npean government as they will when they become independent. But \nwhile they enjoy the privileges of liberty let them remember that they \nare French, and preserve for their mother country that affection which \na common origin inspires." \n\nComplete satisfaction was given to both parties in the terras of the \ntreaty. Mr. Livingston said : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" I consider that from this day the United States takes rank with \nthe first powers of Europe, and now she has entirely escaped from the \npower of England," and Bonaparte expressed a similar sentiment when \nhe said : "By this cession of territory I have secured the power of the \nUnited States, and given to England a maritime rival, who, at some \nfuture time, will humble her pride." \n\nThese were prophetic words, for within a few years afterward the \nBritish met with a signal defeat, on the plains of the very territory of \nwhich the great Corsican had been speaking. \n\nFrom 1800, the date of the cession made by Spain, to 1803, when \nit was purchased by the United States, no change had been made by \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. t> \n\nthe French authorities in the jiirisprudence of the Upper and Lower \nLouisiana, and during this period the Spanish laws remained in full \nforce, as the laws of the entire province ; a fact which is of interest to \nthose who would understand the legal history and some of the present \nlaws of Missouri. \n\nOn December 20th, 1803, Gens. Wilkinson and Claiborne, who \nwere jointly commissioned to take possession of the territory for the \nUnited States, arrived in the city of New Orleans at the head of the \nAmerican forces. Laussat, who had taken possession but twenty days \npreviously as the prefect of the colony, gave up his command, and the \nstar-spangled banner supplanted the tri-colored flag of France. The \nagent of France, to take possession of Upper Louisiana from the \nSpanish authorities, was Amos Stoddard, captain of artillery in the \nUnited States service. He was placed in possession of St. Louis on \nthe 9th of March, 1804, by Charles Dehault Delassus, the Spanish \ncommandant, and on the following day he transferred it to the United \nStates. The authority of the United States in Missouri dates from \nthis day. \n\nFrom that moment the interests of the people of the Mississippi \nValley became identified. They were troubled no more with uncer- \ntainties in regard to free navigation. The great river, along whose \nbanks they had planted their towns and villages, now aff\'orded them \na safe and easy outlet to the markets of the world. Under the pro- \ntecting segis of a government, republican in form, and having free \naccess to an almost boundless domain, embracing in its broad area the \ndiversified climates of the globe, and possessing a soil unsurpassed for \nfertility, beauty of scenery and wealth of minerals, they had every \nincentive to push on their enterprises and build up the land wherein \ntheir lot had been cast. \n\nIn the purchase of Louisiana, it was known that a great- empire had \nbeen secured as a heritage to the people of our country, for all time to \ncome, but its grandeur, its possibilities, its inexhaustible resources \nand the important relations it would sustain to the nation and the \nworld were never dreamed of by even Mr. Jefierson and his adroit and \naccomplished diplomatists. \n\nThe most ardent imagination never conceived of the progress which \nwould mark the history of the " Great West." The adventurous \npioneer, who fifty years ago pitched his tent upon its broad prairies, \nor threaded the dark labyrinths of its lonely forests, little thought that \na mighty tide of physical and intellectual strength, would so rapidly \n\n\n\n^ HISTORY OF MISSOURI \n\nflow on in his footsteps, to populate, build up and enrich the domain \nwhich he had conquered. \n\nYear after year, civilization has advanced further and further, until \nat length the mountains, the hills and the valleys, and even the rocks \nand the caverns, resound with the noise and din of busy millions. \n\n" I beheld the westward marches \nOf the unknown crowded nations. \nAll the land was full of people, \nRestless, struggling, toiling, striving, \nSpeaking many tongues, yet feeling \nBut one heart-beat in their bosoms. \nIn the woodlands rang their axes ; \nSmoked their towns in all the valleys; \nOver all the lakes and rivers \nRushed their great canoes of thunder." \n\nIn 1804, Congress, by an act passed in April of the same year, \ndivided Louisiana into two parts, the " Territory of Orleans," and \nthe " District of Louisiana," known as "Upper Louisiana." This \ndistrict included all that portion of the old province, north of " Hope \nEncampment," on the Lower Mississippi, and embraced the present \nState of Missouri, and all the western region of country to the Pacific \nOcean, and all below the forty-ninth degree of north latitude not \nclaimed by Spain. \n\nAs a matter of convenience, on March 26th, 1804, Missouri was \nplaced within the jurisdiction of the government of the Territory of \nLidiana, and its government put in motion by Gen. William H. Har- \nrison, then governor of Indiana. In this he was assisted by Judges \nGriffin, Vanderburg and Davis, who established in St. Louis what were \ncalled Courts of Common Pleas. The District of Louisiana was regu- \nlarly organized into the Territory of Louisiana by Congress, March 3, \n3 805, and President Jefferson appointed Gen. James Wilkinson, Gov- \nernor, and Frederick Bates, Secretary. The Legislature of the ter- \nritoi^y was formed by Governor Wilkinson and Judges E,. J. Meigs \nand John B. C. Lucas. In 1807, Governor Wilkinson was succeeded \nby Captain Meriwether Lewis, who had become famous by reason of \nhis having made the expedition up the Missouri with Clark. Governor \nLewis committed suicide in 1809 and President Madison appointed \nGen. Benjamin Howard of Lexington, Kentucky, to fill his place. \nGen. Howard resigned October 25, 1810, to enter the war of 1812, \nand died in St. Louis, in 1814. Captain William Clark, of Lewis and \nClark\'s expedition, was appointed Governor in 1810, to succeed Gen. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 7 \n\nHoward, and remained in office until the admission of the State into \nthe Union, in 1821. \n\nThe portions of Missouri which were settled, for the purposes of \nlocal government were divided into four districts. Cape Girardeau \nwas the first, and embraced the territory between Tjwappity Bottom \nand Apple Creek. Ste. Genevieve, the second, embraced the terri- \ntory from Apple Creek to the Meramec Eiver. St. Louis, the third, \nembraced the territory between the Meramec and Missouri Rivers. \nSt. Charles, the fourth, included the settled territory, between the \nMissouri and Mississippi Rivers. The total population of these dis- \ntricts at that time, was 8,670, including slaves. The population of \nthe district of Louisiana, when ceded to the United States was 10,120. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER IL \n\nDESCRIPTIVE AND GEOGRAPHICAL. \n\nName \xe2\x80\x94 Extent \xe2\x80\x94 Surface \xe2\x80\x94 Rivers \xe2\x80\x94 Timber \xe2\x80\x94 Climate \xe2\x80\x94 Prairies \xe2\x80\x94 Soils \xe2\x80\x94 Popula- \ntion by Counties. \n\nNAME. \n\nThe name Missouri is derived from the Indian tons^ue and sio-nifies \nmuddy. \n\nEXTENT. \n\nMissouri is bounded on the north by Iowa (from which it is sep- \narated for about thirty miles on the northeast, by the Des Moines \nRiver), and on the east by the Mississippi River, which divides it from \nIllinois, Kentucky and Tennessee, and on the west by the Indian Ter- \nritory, and the States of Kansas and Nebraska. The State lies (with \nthe exception of a small projection between the St. Francis and the \nMississippi Rivers, which extends to 36\xc2\xb0), between 36\xc2\xb0 30\' and 40\xc2\xb0 36\' \nnorth latitude, and between 12\xc2\xb0 2\' and 18\xc2\xb0 51\' west longitude from \nWashington. \n\nThe extreme width of the State east and west, is about 348 miles ; \nits width on its northern boundary, measured from its northeast cor- \nner along the Iowa line, to its intersection with the Des Moines \n\n\n\n8 HISTORY OF MISSOUEI. \n\nRiver, is about 210 miles ; its width on its southern boundary is about \n288 miles. Its average width is about 235 miles. \n\nThe length of the State north and south, not including the narrow strip \nbetween the St. Francis and Mississippi Rivers, is about 282 miles. It \nis about 450 miles from its extreme northwest corner to its southeast \ncorner, and from the northeast corner to the southwest corner, it is \nabout 230 miles. These limits embrace an area of 65,350 square \nmiles, or 41,824,000 acres, being nearly as large as England, and the \nStates of Vermont and New Hampshire. \n\nSURFACE . \n\nNorth of the Missouri, the State is level or undulating, while the \nportion south of that river (the larger portion of the State) exhibits a \ngreater variety of surface. In the southeastern part is an extensive \nmarsh, reaching beyond the State into Arkansas. The remainder of \nthis portion between the Mississippi and Osage Rivers is rolling, and \ngradually rising into a hilly and mountainous district, forming the out- \nskirts of the Ozark Mountains. \n\nBeyond the Osage River, at some distance, commences a vast ex- \npanse of prairie land which stretches away towards the Rocky Moun- \ntains. The rido"es forming the Ozark chain extend in a northeast and \nsouthwest direction, separating the waters that flow northeast into the \nMissouri from those that flow southeast into the Mississippi River. \n\nRIVERS. \n\nNo State in the Union enjoys better facilities for navigation than \nMissouri. By means of the Mississippi River, which stretches along \nher entire eastern boundary, she can hold commercial intercourse with \nthe most northern territory and State in the Union ; with the whole \nvalley of the Ohio ; with many of the Atlantic States, and with the \nGulf of Mexico. \n\n"Ay, gather Europe\'s royal rivers all \xe2\x80\x94 \nThe snow-swelled Neva, with an Empire\'s weight \nOn her broad breast, she yet may overwhelm; \nDark Danube, hurrying, as by foe pursued, \nThrough shaggy forests and by palace walls. \nTo hide its terror in a sea of gloom ; \nThe castled Rhine, whose vine-crowned watei\'s flow, \nThe fount of fable and the source of song ; \nThe rushing Rhone, in whose cerulean depths \nThe loving sky seems wedded with the wave ; \nThe yellow Tiber, chok\'d with Roman spoils, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 9* \n\nA dying raiser shrinking \'neath his gold ; \n\nThe Seine, where fashion glasses the fairest forms ; \n\nThe Thames that bears the riches of the world ; \n\nGather their waters in one ocean mass, \n\nOur Mississippi rolling proudly on, \n\nWould sweep them from its path, or swallow up, \n\nLike Aaron\'s rod, these streams of fame and song." \n\nBy the Missouri Kiver she can extend her commerce to the Eocky \nMountains, and receive in return the products which will come in the \ncourse of time, by its multitude of tributaries. \n\nThe Missouri River coasts the northwest line of the State for about \n250 miles, following its windings, and then flows through the State, a \nlittle south of east, to its junction with the Mississippi. The Mis- \nsouri River receives a number of tributaries within the limits of the \nState, the principal of which are the Nodaway, Platte, Grand and \nChariton from the north, and the Blue, Sniabar, Lamine, Osage and \nGasconade from the south. The principal tributaries of the Missis- \nsippi within the State, are the Salt River, north, and the Meramec \nRiver south of the Missouri. \n\nThe St. Francis and White Riv^ers, with their branches, drain \nthe southeastern part of the State, and pass into Arkansas. The \nOsaffe is navig-able for steamboats for more than 175 miles. There \nare a vast number of smaller streams, such as creeks, branches and \nrivers, which water the State in all directions. \n\nTimber. \xe2\x80\x94 Not more towering in their sublimity were the cedars of \nancient Lebanon, nor more precious in their utility were the almug- \ntrees of Ophir, than the native forests of Missouri. The river bottoms \nare covered with a luxuriant growth of oak, ash, elm, hickory, cotton- \nwood, linn, white and black walnut, and in fact, all the varieties found \nin the Atlantic and Eastern States. In the more barren districts may \nbe seen the white and pin oak, and in many places a dense growth of \npine. The crab apple, papaw and persimmon are abundant, as also \nthe hazel and pecan. \n\nClimate. \xe2\x80\x94 The climate of Missouri is, in general, pleasant and \nsalubrious. Like that of North America, it is changeable, and sub- \niect to sudden and sometimes extreme changes of heat and cold ; but \nit is decidedly milder, taking the whole year through, than that of the \nsame latitudes east of the mountains. While the summers are not \nmore oppressive than they are in the corresponding latitudes on and \nnear the Atlantic coast, the winters are shorter, and very much milder^ \n\n\n\n10 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nexcept during the month of February, which has many days of pleas- \nant sunshine. \n\nPrairies. \xe2\x80\x94 Missouri is a prairie State, especially that portion of it \nnorth and northwest of the Missouri River. These prairies, along the \nwater courses, abound with the thickest and most luxurious belts of \ntimber, while the "rolling" prairies occupy the higher portions of \nthe country, the descent generally to the forests or bottom lands being \nover only declivities. Many of tiiese prairies, however, exhibit a grace- \nfully waving surface, swelling and sinking with an easy slope, and a \nfull, rounded outline, equally avoiding the unmeaning horizontal sur- \nface and the interruption of abrupt or angular elevations. \n\nThese prairies often embrace extensive tracts of land, and in one or \ntwo instances they cover an area of fifty thousand acres. During the \nspring and summer they are carpeted with a velvet of green, and \ngaily bedecked with flowers of various forms and hues, making a \nmost fascinating panorama of ever-changing color and loveliness. To \nfully appreciate their great beauty and magnitude, they must be \nseen. \n\nSoil. \xe2\x80\x94 The soil of Missouri is good, and of great agricultural capa- \nbilities, but the most fertile portions of the State are the river bot- \ntoms, which are a rich alluvium, mixed in many cases with sand, the \nproducing qualities of which are not excelled by the prolific valley of \nthe famous Nile. \n\nSouth of the Missouri River there is a greater variety of soil, but \nmuch of it is fertile, and even in the mountains and mineral districts \nthere are rich valleys, and about the sources of the White, Eleven \nPoints, Current and Big Black Rivers, the soil, though unproductive, \nfurnishes a vahiable growth of yellow pine. \n\nThe marshy lands in the southeastern part of the State will, by a \nsystem of drainage, be one of the most fertile districts in the State. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \nPOPULATION BY COUNTIES IN 1870, 1876, AND 1880. \n\n\n\n11 \n\n\n\nCounties. \n\n\n1870. \n\n\n1876. \n\n\n1880. \n\n\nAdair \n\n\n11,449 \n\n\n13,774 \n\n\n15,190 \n\n\nAndrew \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,137 \n\n\n14,992 \n\n\n16,318 \n\n\nAtchison . , \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n8,440 \n\n\n10,925 \n\n\n- 14,565 \n\n\nAudrain \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n12,307 \n\n\n15,157 \n\n\n19,739 \n\n\nBarry . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n10,373 \n\n\n11,146 \n\n\n14,424 \n\n\nBarton \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n, \n\n\n\n\n\n\n5,087 \n\n\n6,900 \n\n\n10,332 \n\n\nBates . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,960 \n\n\n17,484 \n\n\n26,382 \n\n\nBenton \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n11,322 \n\n\n11,027 \n\n\n12,398 \n\n\nBollinger . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n8,162 \n\n\n8,884 \n\n\n11,132 \n\n\nBoone \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n20,765 \n\n\n31,923 \n\n\n25,424 \n\n\nBuchanan . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n35,109 \n\n\n38,165 \n\n\n49,824 \n\n\nButler \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n. 4,298 \n\n\n4,363 \n\n\n6,011 \n\n\nCaldwell . . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n11,390 \n\n\n12,200 \n\n\n13,654 \n\n\nCallaway . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n19,202 \n\n\n25,257 \n\n\n23,670 \n\n\nCamden \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n6,108 \n\n\n7,027 \n\n\n7,269 \n\n\nCape Girardeau \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n17,558 \n\n\n17,891 \n\n\n20,998 \n\n\nCarroll \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n17,440 \n\n\n21,498 \n\n\n23,300 \n\n\nCarter \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n1,440 \n\n\n1,549 \n\n\n2,168 \n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2Cass , \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n19,299 \n\n\n18,069 \n\n\n22,431 \n\n\nCedar . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n9,471 \n\n\n9,897 \n\n\n10,747 \n\n\nChariton \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n19,136 \n\n\n23,294 \n\n\n25,224 \n\n\nChristian . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n6,707 \n\n\n7,936 \n\n\n9,632 \n\n\nClark , \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n13,667 \n\n\n14,549 \n\n\n15,631 \n\n\nClay . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,564 \n\n\n15,320 \n\n\n15,579 \n\n\nClinton \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n14,063 \n\n\n13,698 \n\n\n16,073 \n\n\nCole . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n10,292 \n\n\n14,122 \n\n\n15,519 \n\n\nCooper \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n20,692 \n\n\n21,356 \n\n\n21,622 \n\n\nCrawford . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n7,982 \n\n\n9,391 \n\n\n10,763 \n\n\nDade . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n8,683 \n\n\n11,089 \n\n\n12,557 \n\n\nDallas \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n8,383 \n\n\n8,073 \n\n\n9,272 \n\n\nDaviess \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n14,410 \n\n\n16,557 \n\n\n19,174 \n\n\nDeKalb \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n, 9,858 \n\n\n11,159 \n\n\n13,343 \n\n\nDent . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n6,357 \n\n\n7,401 \n\n\n10,647 \n\n\nDouglas \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n3,915 \n\n\n6,461 \n\n\n7,753 \n\n\nDunklin \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n5,982 \n\n\n6,255 \n\n\n9,604 \n\n\nFranklin \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n30,098 \n\n\n26,924 \n\n\n26,536 \n\n\nGasconade . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n10,093 \n\n\n11,160 \n\n\n11,153 \n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0Gentry \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n11,607 \n\n\n12,673 \n\n\n17,188 \n\n\nGreene \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n21,549 \n\n\n24,693 \n\n\n28,817 \n\n\nGrundy \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n10,567 \n\n\n13,071 \n\n\n15,201 \n\n\nHarrison . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n14,635 \n\n\n18,530 \n\n\n20,318 \n\n\nHenry \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n17,401 \n\n\n18,465 \n\n\n23,914 \n\n\nHickory \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n6,452 \n\n\n5,870 \n\n\n7,388 \n\n\nHolt . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n11,652 \n\n\n13,245 \n\n\n15,510 \n\n\nHoward \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n17,233 \n\n\n17,815 \n\n\n18,428 \n\n\nHowell \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n4,218 \n\n\n6,756 \n\n\n8,814 \n\n\nIron . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n6,278 \n\n\n6,623 \n\n\n8,183 \n\n\nJTackson \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n55,041 \n\n\n54,045 \n\n\n82,328 \n\n\nJasper \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n14,928 \n\n\n29,384 \n\n\n32,021 \n\n\nJefferson . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,380 \n\n\n16,186 \n\n\n18,736 \n\n\n.Johnson \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n24,648 \n\n\n23,646 \n\n\n28,177 \n\n\nKnox . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n10,974 \n\n\n12,678 \n\n\n13,047 \n\n\nLaclede , \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n9,380 \n\n\n9,845 \n\n\n11,524 \n\n\nLafayette . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n22,624 \n\n\n22,204 \n\n\n25,761 \n\n\nLawrence . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n13,067 \n\n\n13,054 \n\n\n17,585 \n\n\nLewis . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,114 \n\n\n16,360 \n\n\n15,925 \n\n\nLiincoln \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,960 \n\n\n16,858 \n\n\n17,443 \n\n\nXinn . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,906 \n\n\n18,110 \n\n\n20,016 \n\n\nLivingston . \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n16,730 \n\n\n18,074 \n\n\n20,205 \n\n\n\n12 \n\n\n\nHISTOliT OF MISSOURI. \n\nPOPULATION BY COUNTIES \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nCounties. \n\n\n\n1876. \n\n\n\nMcDonald \n\nMacon \n\nMadison. \n\nMaries \n\nMarion \n\nMercer \n\nMiller \n\nMississippi \n\nMoniteau \n\nMonroe \n\nMontgomer \n\nMorgan \n\nNew Madri \n\nNewton \n\nNodaway \n\nOregon \n\nOsage . \n\nOzark . \n\nPemiscot \n\nPerry . \n\nPettis . \n\nPhelps \n\nPike . \n\nPlatte \n\nPolk . \n\nPulaski \n\nPutnam \n\nRalls . \n\nRandolph \n\nEay \n\nReynolds \n\nRipley \n\nSt. Charles \n\nSt. Clair \n\nSt. Prancoi \n\nSte. Genev \n\nSt. Louis 1 \n\nSaline \n\nSchuyler \n\nScotland \n\nScott . \n\nShannon \n\nShelby \n\nStoddard \n\nStone . \n\nSullivan \n\nTaney \n\nTexas \n\nVernon \n\nWarren \n\nWashington \n\nWayne \n\nWebster \n\nWorth \n\nWright \n\nCity of St. Louis \n\n\n\n1876. \n\n\n\n5,226 \n\n23,230 \n\n5,849 \n\n5,916 \n\n23,780 \n\n11,557 \n\n6,616 \n\n4,982 \n\n13,375 \n\n17,149 \n\n10,405 \n\n8,434 \n\n6,357 \n\n12,821 \n\n14,751 \n\n3,287 \n\n10,793 \n\n3,363 \n\n2,059 \n\n9,877 \n\n18,706 \n\n10,506 \n\n23,076 \n\n17,352 \n\n14,445 \n\n4,714 \n\n11,217 \n\n10,510 \n\n15,908 \n\n18,700 \n\n3,756 \n\n3,175 \n\n21,304 \n\n6,742 \n\n9,742 \n\n8,384 \n\n351,189 \n\n21,672 \n\n8,820 \n\n10,670 \n\n7,317 \n\n2,339 \n\n10,119 \n\n8,535 \n\n3,253 \n\n11,907 \n\n4,407 \n\n9,618 \n\n11,247 \n\n9,673 \n\n11,719 \n\n6,068 \n\n10,434 \n\n5,004 \n\n5,684 \n\n\n\n1,721,295 \n\n\n\n6,072 \n25,028 \n\n8,750 \n\n6,481 \n22,794 \n13,393 \n\n8,529 \n\n7,498 \n13,084 \n17,751 \n14,418 \n\n9,529 \n\n6,673 \n16,875 \n23,196 \n\n4,469 \n11,200 \n\n4,579 \n\n2,573 \n11,189 \n23,167 \n\n9,919 \n22,828 \n15,948 \n13,467 \n\n6,157 \n12,641 \n\n9,997 \n19,173 \n18,394 \n\n4,716 \n\n3,913 \n21,821 \n11,242 \n11,621 \n\n9,409 \n\n27,087 \n\n9,881 \n\n12,030 \n\n7,312 \n\n3,236 \n\n13,243 \n\n10,888 \n\n3,544 \n\n14,039 \n\n6,124 \n\n10,287 \n\n14,413 \n\n10,321 \n\n13,100 \n\n7,006 \n\n10,684 \n\n7,164 \n\n6,124 \n\n\n\n1880. \n\n\n\n7,816 \n26,223 \n\n8,866 \n\n7,304 \n24,837 \n14,674 \n\n9,807 \n\n9,270 \n14,349 \n19,075 \n16,250 \n10,134 \n\n7,694 \n18,948 \n29,560 \n\n5,791 \n11,824 \n\n5,618 \n\n4,299 \n11,895 \n27,285 \n12,565 \n26,716 \n17,372 \n16,745 \n\n7,250 \n13,556 \n11,838 \n22,751 \n20,ic>6 \n\n5,722 \n\n5,377 \n23,060 \n14,126 \n13,822 \n10,309 \n31,888 \n29,912 \n10,470 \n12,507 \n\n8,587 \n\n3,441 \n14,024 \n13,432 \n\n4,405 \n16,569 \n\n5,605 \n12,207 \n19,370 \n10,806 \n12,895 \n\n9,097 \n12,175 \n\n8,208 \n\n9,733 \n350,522 \n\n\n\n1,547,030 2,168,804 \n\n\n\n1 St. Louis City and County separated in 1877. Population for 1876 not given. \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OP MISSOURI. \n\n\n\n13 \n\n\n\nHales \n\nFemales \n\nNative \n\nForeign \n\nWhite\' \n\nColored ^ \n\n\n\n1,126,424 \n1,041,380 \n1,957,564 \n\n211,240 \n2,023,568 \n\n145,286 \n\n\n\nCHAPTER III. \n\n\n\nGEOLOGY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nClassification of Rocks \xe2\x80\x94 Quatenary Formation \xe2\x80\x94 Tertiary \xe2\x80\x94 Cretaceous \xe2\x80\x94 Carbonifer- \nous \xe2\x80\x94 Devonian \xe2\x80\x94 Silurian \xe2\x80\x94 Azoic \xe2\x80\x94 Economic Geology \xe2\x80\x94 Coal \xe2\x80\x94 Iron \xe2\x80\x94 Lead \xe2\x80\x94 \nCopper \xe2\x80\x94 Zinc \xe2\x80\x94 Building Stone \xe2\x80\x94 Marble \xe2\x80\x94 Gypsum \xe2\x80\x94 Lime \xe2\x80\x94 Clays \xe2\x80\x94 Paints \xe2\x80\x94 \nSprings \xe2\x80\x94 Water Power. \n\nThe stratified rocks of Missouri, as classified and treated of by Prof. \nO. C. Swallow, belong to the following divisions : I. Quatenary ; \nII. Tertiary ; III. Cretaceous ; IV. Carboniferous ; V. Devonian ; \nVI. Silurian ; VII. Azoic. \n\n" The Quatenary formations, are the most recent, and the most \nvaluable to man: valuable, because they can be more readily utilized. \n\nThe Quatenary formation in Missouri, embraces the Alluvium, 30 \nfeet thick ; Bottom Prairie, 30 feet thick ; Bluff, 200 feet thick ; and \nDrift, 155 feet thick. The latest deposits are those which constitute \nthe Alluvium, and includes the soils, pebbles and sand, clays, vegeta- \nble mould, bog, iron ore, marls, etc. \n\nThe Alluvium deposits, cover an area, within the limits of Mis- \nsouri, of more than four millions acres of land, which are not sur- \npassed for fertility by any region of country on the globe. \n\nThe Bluff Prairie formation is confined to the low lands, which are \nwashed by the two great rivers which course our eastern and western \nboundaries, and while it is only about half as extensive as the Allu- \nvial, it is equally as rich and productive." \n\n" The Bluff formation," says Prof. Swallow, *\' rests upon the \nridges and river bluffs, and descends along their slopes to the lowest \nvalleys, the formation capping all the Bluffs of the Missouri from \nFort Union to its mouth, and those of the Mississippi from Dubuque \n\n1 Including 92 Chinese, 2 half Chinese, and 96 Indians and half-breeds. \n\n\n\n14 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nto the mouth of the Ohio. It forms the upper stratum beneath the \nsoil of all the high lauds, both timber and prairies, of all the counties \nnorth of the Osage and Missouri, and also St. Louis, and the Missis- \nsippi counties on the south. \n\nIts greatest development is in the counties on the Missouri River \nfrom the Iowa line to Boonville. In some localities it is 200 feet \nthick. At St. Joseph it is 140 ; at Boonville 100 ; and at St. Louis, \nin St, George\'s quarrv, and the Big Mound, it is about 50 feet ; \nwhile its greatest observed thickness in Marion county was only 30 \nfeet." \n\nThe Drift formation is that which lies beneath the Bluff formation,, \nhaving, as Prof. Svvallow informs us, three distinct deposits, to wit: \n* \'Altered Drift, which are strata of sand and pebbles, seen in the \nbanks of the Missouri, in the northwestern portion of the State. \n\nThe Boulder formation is a heterogeneous stratum of sand, gravel \nand boulder, and water-worn fragments of the older rocks. \n\nBoulder Clay is a bed of bluish or brown sandy clay, through which \npebbles are scattered in greater or less abundance. In g\'ome locali- \nties in northern Missouri, this formation assumes a pure white, pipe- \nclay color." \n\nThe Tertiary formation is made up of clays, shales, iron ores, sand- \nstone, and sands, scattered along the bluffs, and edges of the bottoms, \nreaching from Commerce, Scott County, to Stoddard, and south to \nthe Chalk Bluffs in Arkansas. \n\nThe Cretaceous formation lies beneath the Tertiary, and is com- \nposed of variegated sandstone, bluish-brown sandy slate, whitish- \nbrown impure sandstone, fine white clay mingled with spotted flint, \npurple, red and blue clays, all being in the aggregate, 158 feet in \nthickness. There are no fossils in these rocks, and nothing by which \ntheir age may be told. \n\nThe Carboniferous system includes the Upper Carboniferous or \ncoal-measures, and the Lower Carboniferous or Mountain limestone. \nThe coal-measures are made up of numerous strata of sandstones, \nlimestones, shales, clays, marls, spathic iron ores, and coals. \n\nThe Carboniferous formation, including coal-measures and the beds \nof iron, embrace an area in Missouri of 27,000 square miles. The \nvarieties of coal found in the State are the common bituminous and \ncannel coals, and they exist in quantities inexhaustible. The fact \nthat these coal-measures are full of fossils, which are always confined \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 15^ \n\nto the coal measures, enables the geologist to point them out, and the \ncoal beds contained in them. \n\nThe rocks of the Lower Carboniferous formation are varied in color, \nand are quarried in many different parts of the State, being exten- \nsively utilized for building and other purposes. \n\nAmong the Lower Carboniferous roclis is found the Upper Archi- \nmedes Limestone, 200 feet ; Ferruginous Sandstone, 195 feet ; Mid- \ndle Archimedes, 50 feet ; St. Louis Limestone, 250 feet ; Oolitic \nLimestone, 25 feet; Lower Archimedes Limestone, 350 feet; and \nEncrinital Limestone, 500 feet. These limestones generallj\'- contain \nfossils. \n\nThe Ferruginous limestone is soft when quarried, but becomes hard \nand durable after exposure. It contains large quantities of iron, and \nis found skirting the eastern coal measures from the mouth of the \nDes Moines to McDonald county. \n\nThe St. Louis limestone is of various hues and tints, and very hard. \nIt is found in Clark, Lewis and St. Louis counties. \n\nThe Lower Archimedes limestone includes partly the lead bearing \nrocks of Soutliwestern Missouri. \n\nThe Encrinital limestone is the most extensive of the divisions of \nCarboniferous limestone, and is made up of brown, buff, gray and \nwhite. In these strata are found the remains of corals and mollusks. \nThis formation extends from Marion county to Greene county. The \nDevonian system contains : Chemung Group, Hamilton Group, \nOnondaga limestone and Oriskany sandstone. The rocks of the \nDevonian system are found in Marion, Ralls, Pike, Callaway, Saline \nand Ste. Genevieve counties. \n\nThe Chemung Group has three formations, Chouteau limestone, 85 \nfeet; Vermicular sandstone and shales, 75 feet; Lithographic lime- \nstone, 125 feet. \n\nThe Chouteau limestone is in two divisions, when fully developed, \nand when first quarried is soft. It is not only good for building pur- \nposes but makes an excellent cement. \n\nThe Vermicular sandstone and shales are usually buff or yellowish \nbrown, and perforated with pores. \n\nThe Lithographic limestone is a pure, fine, compact, evenly-tex- \ntured limestone. Its color varies from light drab to buff and blue. \nIt is called "pot metal," because under the hammer it gives a sharp^ \nringing sound. It has but few fossils. \n\n\n\n16 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nThe Hamilton Group is made up of some 40 feet of blue shales, and \n170 feet of crystalline limestone. \n\nOnondaga limestone is usually a coarse, gray or buff crystalline, \nthick-bedded and cherty limestone. No formation in Missouri pre- \nsents such variable and widely different lithological characters as the \nOnondaga. \n\nThe Oriskany sandstone is a light, gray limestone. \n\nOf the Upper Silurian series there are the following formations : \nLower Helderberg, 350 feet; Niagara Group, 200 feet; Cape Girar- \ndeau limestone, 60 feet. \n\nThe Lower Helderberg is made up of buff, gray, and reddish cherty \nand argillaceous limestone. \n\nNiagara Group. The Upper part of this group consists of red, \nyellow and ash-colored shales, with compact limestones, variegated \nwith bands and nodules of chert. \n\nThe Cape Girardeau limestone, on the Mississippi Eiver near Cape \nGirardeau, is a compact, bluish-gray, brittle limestone, with smooth \nfractures in layers from two to six inches in thickness, with argilla- \nceous partings. These strata contain a great many fossils. \n\nThe Lower Silurian has the following ten formations, to wit : Hud- \nson River Group, 220 feet ; Trenton limestone, 360 feet ; Black River \n\'and Bird\'s Eye limestone, 175 feet; first Magnesian limestone, 200 \nfeet; Saccharoidal sandstone, 125 feet; second Magnesian limestone, \n250 feet; second sandstone, 115 feet; third Magnesian limestone, \n350 feet ; third sandstone, 60 feet ; fourth Magnesian limestone, 350 \nfeet. \n\nHudson River Group : \xe2\x80\x94 There are three formations which Prof. \nSwallow refers to in this group. These formations are found in the \nbluff above and below Louisiana ; on the Grassy a few miles north- \nwest of Louisiana, and in Ralls, Pike, Cape Girardeau and Ste. Gene- \nvieve Counties. \n\nTrenton limestone : The upper part of this formation is made up \nof thick beds of hard, compact, bluish gray and drab limestone, varie- \no-ated with irregular cavities, filled with greenish materials. \n\nThe beds are exposed between Hannibal and New London, north of \nSalt River, near Glencoe, St. Louis County, and are seventy-five feet \nthick. \n\nBlack River and Bird\'s Eye limestone the same color as the Trenton \nlimestone. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 17 \n\nThe first Magnesian limestone cap the picturesque bluffs of the Osage \nin Benton and nei2:hborino; counties. \n\nThe Saccharoidal sandstone has a wide range in the State. In a \nbluff about two miles from Warsaw, is a very striking change of thick- \nness of this formation. \n\nSecond Magnesian limestone, in lithological character, is like the \nfirst. \n\nThe second sandstone, usually of yellowish brown, sometimes \nbecomes a pure white, fine-grained, soft sandstone as on Cedar Creek, \nin Washington and Franklin Counties. \n\nThe third Magnesian limestone is exposed in the high and picturesque \nbluffs of the Nianguu, in the neighborhood of Bryce\'s Sprino-. \n\nThe third sandstone is white and has a formation in moving water. \n\nThe fourth Magnesian limestone is seen on the Niangua and Osage \nRivers. \n\nThe Azoic rocks lie below the Silurian and form a series of silicious \nand other slates which contain no remains of oro-anic life. \n\nECONOMIC GEOLOGY. \n\nGoal. \xe2\x80\x94 Missouri is particularly rich in minerals. Indeed, no State \nin the Union, surpasses her in this respect. In some unknown age of \nthe past \xe2\x80\x94 long before the existence of man \xe2\x80\x94 Nature, by a wise process, \nmade a bountiful provision for the time, when in the order of thino-s, \nit should be necessary for civilized man to take possession of these \nbroad, rich prairies. As an equivalent for lack of forests, she quietly \nstored away beneath the soil those wonderful carboniferous treasures \nfor the use of man. \n\nGeological surveys have developed the fact that the coal deposits in \nthe State are almost unnumbered, embracing all varieties of the best \nbituminous coal. A .large portion of the State, has been ascer- \ntained to be one continuous coal field, stretching from the mouth \nof the Des Moines River through Clark, Lewis, Scotland, Adair, \nMacon, Shelby, Monroe, Audrain, Callaway, Boone, Cooper, Pettis, \nBenton, Henry, St. Clair, Bates, Vernon, Cedar, Dade, Barton and \nJasper, into the Indian Territory, and the counties on the northwest of \nthis line contain more or less coal. Coal rocks exist in Ralls, Mont- \ngomery, Warren, St. Charles, Moniteau, Cole, Morgan, Crawford and \nLincoln, and during the past few years, all along the lines of all the \nrailroads in North Missouri, and along the western end of the Missouri \nPacific, and on the Missouri River, between Kansas City and Sioux \n\n\n\n18 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nCity, has systematic mining, opened up hundreds of mines in different \nlocalities. The area of our coal beds, on the line of the southwestern \nboundary of the State alone, embraces more than 26,000 square miles \nof regular coal measures. This will give of workable coal, if the \naverage be one foot, 26,800,000,000 tons. The estimates from the \ndevelopments already made, in the different portions of the State, will \ngive 134,000,000,000 tons. \n\nThe economical value of this coal to the State, its influence in \ndomestic life, in navigation, commerce and manufVictures, is beyond \nthe imagination of man to conceive. Suffice it to say, that in the pos- \nsession of her developed and undeveloped coal mines, Missouri has a \nmotive power, which in its influences for good, in the civilization of \nman, is more potent than the gold of California. \n\nJron. \xe2\x80\x94 Prominent among the minerals, which increase the power \nand prosperity of a nation, is iron. Of this ore, Missouri has an inex- \nhaustible quantity, and like her coal fields, it has been developed in \nmany portions of the State, and of the best and purest quality. It is \nfound in great abundance in the counties of Cooper, St. Clair, Greene, \nHenry, Franklin, Benton, Dallas, Camden, Stone, Madison, Iron, \nWashington, Perry, St. Francois, Reynolds, Stoddard, Scott, Dent \nand others. The greatest deposit of iron is found in the Iron Mouir- \ntain, which is two hundred feet high, and covers an area of five hun- \ndred acres, and produces a metal, which is shown by analysis, to con- \ntain from 65 to 69 per cent of metallic iron. \n\nThe ore of Shepherd Mountain contains from 64 to 67 per cent of \nmetallic iron. The ore of Pilot Knob contains from 53 to 60 per cent. \nR,ich beds of iron are also found at the Big Bogy Mountain, and at \nRussell Mountain. This ore has, in its nude state, a variety of colors, \nfrom the red, dark red, black, brown, to a light bluish gray. The \nred ores are found in twenty-one or more counties of the State, and \nare of great commercial value. The brown hematite iron ores extend \nover a greater range of country than all the others combined, embrac- \nins: about one hundred counties, and have been ascertained to exist in \nthese in large quantities. \n\nLead. \xe2\x80\x94 Long before any permanent settlements were made in Mis- \nsouri by the whites, lead was mined within the limits of the State at \ntwo or three points on the Mississippi. At this time more than five \nhundred mines are opened, and many of them are being successfully \nworked. These deposits of lead cover an area, so far as developed, \nof more than seven thousand square miles. Mines have been opened \n\n\n\nHISTORY or MISSOURI. 19 \n\nin Jefferson, Washington, St. Francois, Madison, Wayne, Carter, \'Rey- \nnolds, Crawford, Ste. Genevieve, Perry, Cole, Cape Girardeau, Cam- \nden, Morgan, and many other counties. \n\nCopper and Zinc. \xe2\x80\x94 Several varieties of copper ore are fonnd in \nMissouri. The copper mines of Shannon, Madison and Franklin \nCounties have been known for j^ears, and some of these have been \nsuccessfully worked and are now yielding good results. \n\nDeposits of copper have been discovered in Dent, Crawford, Ben- \nton, Maries, Green, Lawrence, Dade, Taney, Dallas, Phelps, Reynolds \nand Wright Counties. \n\nZinc is abundant in nearly all the lead mines in the south-western \npart of the State, and since the completion of the A. & P. R. R. a \nmarket has been furnished for this ore, which will be converted into \nvaluable merchandise. \n\nBuilding Stone and Marhle. \xe2\x80\x94 There is no scarcity of good building- \nstone in Missouri. Limestone, sandstone and granite exist in all \nshades of buff, blue, red and brown, and are of great beauty as build- \ning material. \n\nThere are many marble beds in the State, some of which furnish \nvery beautiful and excellent marble. It is found in Marion, Cooper, \nSt. Louis, and other counties. \n\nOne of the most desirable of the Missouri marbles is in the 3rd \nMagnesian limestone, on the Niangua. It is fine-grained, crystalline, \nsilico-magnesian limestone, light-drab, slightly tinged with peach blos- \nsom, and clouded by deep flesh-colored shades. In ornamental archi- \ntecture it is rarely surpassed. \n\nGypsum and Lime. \xe2\x80\x94 Though no extensive beds of gypsum have \nbeen discovered in Missouri, there are vast beds of the pure white \ncrystalline variety on the line of the Kansas Pacific Railroad, on Kan- \nsas River, and on Gypsum Creek. It exists also in several other \nlocalities accessible by both rail and boat. \n\nAll of the limestone formations in the State, from the coal measures \nto fourth Magnesian, have more or less strata of very nearly pure car- \nbonate of pure lime. \n\nClays and Paints. \xe2\x80\x94 Clays are found in nearl}^ all parts of the State \nsuitable for making bricks. Potters\' clay and fire-clay are worked in \nmany localities. \n\nThere are several beds of purple shades in the coal measures which \npossess the properties requisite for paints used in outside work. Yel- \nlow and red ochres are found in considerable quantities on the Missouri \n\n\n\n20 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nRiver. Some of these paints have been thoroughly tested and found \nfire-proof and durable. \n\nSPRINGS AND WATER POWER. \n\nNo State is, perhaps, better supplied with cold springs of pure water \nthan Missouri. Out of the bottoms, there is scarcely a section of \nland but has one or more perennial springs of good water. Even \nwhere there are no springs, good water can be obtained by digging \nfrom twenty to forty feet. Salt springs are abundant in the central \npart of the State, and discharge their brine in Cooper, Saline, Howard, \nand adjoining counties. Considerable salt was made in Cooper and \nHoward Counties at an early day. \n\nSulphur springs are also numerous throughout the State. The \nChouteau Springs in Cooper, the Monagaw Springs in St, Clair, the \nElk Springs in Pike, and the Cheltenham Springs in St. Louis County \nhave acquired considerable reputation as salubrious waters, and have \nbecome popular places of resort. Many other counties have good \nsulphur springs. \n\nAmong the Chalybeate springs the Sweet Springs on the Black- \nwater, and the Chalybeate spring in the University campus are, perhaps, \nthe most popular of the kind in the State. There are, however, other \nsprings impregnated with some of the salts of iron. \n\nPetroleum springs are found in Carroll, Ray, Randolph, Cass, \nLafeyette, Bates, Vernon, and other counties. The variety called \nlubricating oil is the more common. \n\nThe water power of the State is excellent. Large springs are \nparticularly abundant on the waters of the Meramec, Gasconade, \nBourbeuse, Osage, Niangua, Spring, White, Sugar, and other streams. \nBesides these, there are hundreds of springs sufBciently large to drive \nmills and factories, and the day is not far distant when these crystal \nfountains will be utilized, and a thousand saws will buzz to their \ndashing music. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 21 \n\nCHAPTEE lY. \n\nTITLE AND EARLY SETTLEMENTS. \n\nTitle to Missouri Lands \xe2\x80\x94 Eight of Discovery \xe2\x80\x94 Title of France and Spain \xe2\x80\x94 Cession \nto the United States \xe2\x80\x94 Territorial Changes \xe2\x80\x94 Treaties with Indians \xe2\x80\x94 First Settle- \nment \xe2\x80\x94 Ste. Genevieve and New Bourbon \xe2\x80\x94 St. Louis \xe2\x80\x94 When Incorporated \xe2\x80\x94 \nPotosi \xe2\x80\x94 St. Charles \xe2\x80\x94 Portage des Sioux \xe2\x80\x94 New Madrid \xe2\x80\x94 St. Francois County \xe2\x80\x94 \nPerry \xe2\x80\x94 Mississippi \xe2\x80\x94 Loutre Island \xe2\x80\x94 "Boone\'s Lick" \xe2\x80\x94 Cote Sans Dessein ^ \xe2\x80\x94 \nHoward County \xe2\x80\x94 Some First Things \xe2\x80\x94 Counties \xe2\x80\x94 When Organized. \n\nThe title to th*e soil of Missouri was, of course, primarily vested in \nthe original occupants who inhabited the country prior to its discovery \nby the whites. But the Indians, being savages, possessed but few \nrights that civilized nations considered themselves bound to respect ; \nso, therefore, when they found this country in the possession of such \na people they claimed it in the name of the King of France, by the \nright of discovery. It remained under the jurisdiction of France \nuntil 1763. \n\nPrior to the j^ear 1763, the entire continent of North America was \ndivided between France, England, Spain and Russia. France held all \nthat portion that now constitutes our national domain west of the \nMississippi River, except Texas, and the territory which we have \nobtained from Mexico and Russia. The vast region, while under the \njurisdiction of France, was known as the " Province of Louisiana," \nand embraced the present State of Missouri. At the close of the \n" Old French War," in 1763, France gave up her share of the con- \ntinent, and Spain came into the possession of the territory west of the \nMississippi River, while Great Britain retained Canada and the regions \nnorthward, having obtained that territory by conquest, in the war \nwith France. For thirty-seven years the territory now embraced \nwithin the limits of Missouri, remained as a part of the possession of \nSpain, and then went back to France by the treaty of St. Ildefonso, \nOctober 1, 1800. On the 30th of April, 1803, France ceded it to the \nUnited States, in consideration of receiving $11,250,000, and the \nliquidation of certain claims, held by citizens of the United States \nagainst France, which amounted to the further sum of $3,750,000, \nmaking a total of $15,000,000. It will thus be seen that France has \ntwice, and Spain once, held sovereignty over the territory embracing \n\n\n\n22 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nMissouri, "but the financial needs of Napoleon afforded our Govern- \nment an opportunity to add another empire to its domain. \n\nOn the 31st of October, 1803, an act of Congress was approved, \nauthorizing the President to take possession of the newly acquired \nterritory, and provided for it a temporary government, and another \nact, approved March 26, 1804, autliorized the division of the " Louis- \niana Purchase," as it was then called, into two separate territories. \nAll that portion south of the 33d parallel of north latitude was called \nthe " Territory of Orleans," and that north of the said parallel was \nknown as the " District of Louisiana," and was placed under the \njurisdiction of what was then known as " Indian Territory." \n\nBy virtue of an act of Congress, approved March 3, 1805, the \n*\' District of Louisiana" was organized as the "Territory of Louis- \niana," with a territorial government of its own, which went into \noperation July 4th of the same year, and it so remained till 1812. In \nthis year the " Territory of Orleans " became the State of Louisiana, \na,nd the "Territory of Louisiana" was organized as the " Territory \n\xe2\x96\xa0of Missouri." \n\nThis change took place under an act of Congress, approved June 4, \n1812. In 1819, a portion of this territory was organized as " Arkan- \nsas Territory," and on August 10, 1821, the State of Missouri was \nadmitted, being a part of the former " Territory of Missouri." \n\nIn 1836, the " Platte Purchase," then being a part of the Indian \nTerritory, and now composing the counties of Atchison, Andrew, \nBuchanan, Holt, Nodaway and Platte, was made by treaty with the \nIndians, and added to the State. It will be seen, then, that the soil \n\xe2\x96\xa0of Missouri belonged : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. To France, with other territory. \n\n2. In 1763, with other territory, it was ceded to Spain. \n\n3. October 1, 1800, it was ceded", with other territory from Spain, \nback to France. \n\n4. April 30, 1803, it was ceded, with other territory, by France to \nthe United States. \n\n5. October 31, 1803, a temporary government was authorized by \nCongress for the newly acquired territory. \n\n6. October 1, 1804, it was included in the " District of Louisiana" \nand placed under the territorial government of Indiana. \n\n7. July 4, 1805, it was included as a part of the " Territory of \nLouisiana," then organized with a separate territorial government. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 23 \n\n8. June 4, 1812, it was embraced in what was then made the " Ter- \nritory of Missouri." \n\n9. August 10, 1821, it was admitted into the Union as a State. \n\n10. In 1836, the *\' Platte Purchase" was made, adding more ter- \nritory to the State. \n\nThe cession by France, April 30, 1803, vested the title in the United \nStates, subject to the claims of the Indians, which it was very justly \nthe policy of the Government to recognize. Before the Government \nof the United States could vest clear title to the soil in the o-rantee it \nwas necessary to extinguish the Indian title by purchase. This was \ndone accordingly by treaties made with the Indians at different times. \n\nEARLY SETTLEMENTS. \n\nThe name of the first white man who set foot on the territory now \nembraced in the State of Missouri, is not known, nor is it known at \nwhat precise period the first settlements were made. It is, however, \ngenerally agreed that they were made at Ste. Genevieve and New \nBourbon, tradition fixing the date of the settlements in the autumn of \n1735. These towns were settled by the French from Kaskaskia and \nSt. Philip in Illinois. \n\nSt. Louis was founded by Pierre Laclede Liguest, on the 15th of \nFebruary, 1764. He was a native of France, and was one of the \nmembers of the company of Laclede Liguest, Antonio Maxant & Co., \nto whom a royal charter had been granted, confirming the privilege \nof an exclusive trade with the Indians of Missouri as far north as St. \nPeter\'s River. \n\nWhile in search of a trading post he ascended the Mississippi as far \nas the mouth of the Missouri, and finally returned to the present town \nsite of St. Louis. After the village had been laid off he named it St. \nLouis in honor of Louis XV., of France. \n\nThe colony thrived rapidly by accessions from Kaskaskia\' and other \ntowns on the east side of the Mississippi, and its trade was largely in. \ncreased by many of the Indian tribes, who removed a portion of their \npeltry trade from the same towns to St. Louis. It was incorporated \nas a town on the ninth day of November, 1809, by the Court of Com- \nmon Pleas of the district of St. Louis : the town trustees beinor \nAuguste Chouteau, Edward Hempstead, Jean F. Cabanne, Wm. C. \nCarr and William Christy, and incorporated as a city December 9, \n1822. The selection of the town site on which St. Louis stands was \nhighly judicious, the spot not only being healthful and having the ad- \n\n\n\n24 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nvantages of water transportation unsiirpastjed, but siiiTounded by a \nbeautiful region of country, rich in soil and mineral resources. St. \nLouis has grown to be the fifth city in population in the Union, and \nis to-day the great center of internal commerce of the Missouri, tlie \nMississippi and their tributaries, and, with its railroad facilities, it is \ndestined to be the greatest inland city of the American continent. \n\nThe next settlement was made at Potosi, in Washington County, in \n1765, b}^ Francis Breton, who, while chasing a bear, discovered the \nmine near the present town of Potosi, where he afterward located. \n\nOne of the most prominent pioneers who settled at Potosi was \nMoses Austin, of Virginia, who, in 1795, received by grant from the \nSpanish government a league of land, now known as the "Austin Sur- \nvey." The grant was made on condition that Mr. Austin would es- \ntablish a lead mine at Potosi and work it. He built a palatial \nresidence, for that day, on the brow of the hill in the little village, \nwhich was for many years known as " Durham Hall.\'\' At this point \nthe first shot-tower and sheet-lead manufactory were erected. \n\nFive years after the founding of St. Louis the first settlement made \nin Northern Missouri was made near St. Charles, in St. Charles \nCounty, in 1769. The name given to it, and which it retained till \n1784, was Les Petites Cotes, signifying. Little Hills. The town site \nwas located by Blanchette, a Frenchman, surnamed LeChasseur, who \nbnilt the first fort in the town and established there a military post. \n\nSoon after the establishment of the military post at St. Charles, the \nold French village of Portage des Sioux, was located on the Missis- \nsippi, just below the mouth ot the Illinois River, and at about the \nsame time a Kickapoo village was commenced at Clear Weather Lake. \nThe present town site of New Madrid, in New Madrid county, was \nsettled in 1781, by French Canadians, it then being occupied by Del- \naware Indians. The place now known as Big River Mills, St. Fran- \ncois county, was settled in 1796, Andrew Baker, John Alley, Francis \nStarnater and John Andrews, each locating claims. The following \nyear, a settlement was made in the same county, just below the pres- \nent town of Farmington, by the Rev. William Murphy, a Baptist min- \nister from East Tennessee. In 1796, settlements were made in Perry \ncounty by emigrants from Kentucky and Pennsylvania ; the latter lo- \ncating in the rich bottom lands of Bois Brule, the former generally \nsettling in the " Barrens," and along the waters of Saline Creek. \n\nBird\'s Point, in Mississippi county, opposite Cairo, Illinois, was \nsettled August 6, 1800, by John Johnson, by virtue of a land-grant \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 25 \n\nfrom the commandant under the Spanish Government. Norfolk and \nCharleston, hi the same county, were settled respectively in 1800 and \n1801. Warren comity was settled in 1801. Lontre Island, below \nthe present town of Hermann, in the Missouri Kiver, was settled by a \nfew American families in 1807. This little company of pioneers suf- \nfered greatly from the floods, as well as from the incursions of thieving \nand blood-thirsty Indians, and many incidents of a )bhrilling character \ncould be related of trials and struggles, had we the time and space. \n\nIn 1807, Nathan and Daniel M. Boone, sons of the great hunter and \npioneer, in company with three others, went from St. Louis to \n"Boone\'s Lick," in Howard county, where they manufactured salt \nand formed the nucleus of a small settlement. \n\nCote Sans Dessein, now called Bakersville, on the Missouri River, \nin Callaway county, was settled by the French in 1801. This little \ntown was considered at that time, as the " Far West" of the new \nworld. During the war of 1812, at this place many hard-fought \nbattles occurred between the whites and Indians, wherein woman\'s \nfortitude and courage greatly assisted in the defence of the settle- \nment. \n\nIn 1810, a colony of Kentuckians numbering one hundred and fifty \nfamilies immigrated to Howard county, and settled on the Missouri \nRiver in Cooper\'s Bottom near the present town of Franklin, and \nopposite Arrow Rock. \n\nSuch, in brief, is the history of some of the early settlements of \nMissouri, covering a period of more than half a century. \n\nThese settlements were made on the water courses ; usually along \nthe banks of the two great streams, whose navigation afibrded them \ntransporta:tion for their marketable commodities, and communication \nwith the civilized portion of the country. \n\nThey not only encountered the gloomy forests, settling as they did \nby the river\'s brink, but the hostile incursion of savage Indians, by \nwhom they were for many years surrounded. \n\nThe expedients of these brave men who first broke ground in the \nterritory, have been succeeded by the permanent and tasteful improve- \nments of their descendants. Upon the spots where they toiled, dared \nand died, are seen the comfortable farm, the beautiful village, and \nthrifty city. Churches and school houses greet the eye on every \nhand ; railroads diverge in every direction, and, indeed, all the appli- \nances of a higher civilization are profusely strewn over the smiling: \nsurface of the State. \n\n\n\n26 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nCulture\'s hand \nHas scattered verdure o\'er the land; \nAnd smiles and fragrance rule serene, \nWhere barren wild usurped the scene. \n\nSOME FIRST THINGS. \n\nThe first marriage that took place in Missouri was April 20, 1766, \nin St. Louis. \n\nThe first baptism was performed in May, 1766, in St. Louis. \n\nThe first house of worship, (Catholic) was erected in 1775, at St. \nLouis. \n\nThe first ferry established in 1805, on the Mississippi River, at St. \nLouis. \n\nThe first newspaper established in St. Louis (Missouri Gazette), in \n1808. \n\nThe first postofiice was established in 1804, in St. Louis \xe2\x80\x94 Rufus \nEaston, post-master. \n\nThe first Protestant church erected at Ste. Genevieve, in 1806 \xe2\x80\x94 \nBaptist. \n\nThe first bank established (Bank of St. Louis), in 1814. \n\nThe first market house opened in 1811, in St. Louis. \n\nThe first steamboat on the Upper Mississippi was the General Pike, \nCapt. Jacob Reid ; landed at St. Louis 1817. \n\nThe first board of trustees for public schools appointed in 1817, St. \nLouis. \n\nThe first college built (St. Louis College), in 1817. \n\nThe first steamboat that came up the Missouri River as high as \nFranklin was the Independence, in May, 1819 ; Capt. Nelson, mas- \nter. \n\nThe first court house erected in 1823, in St. Louis. \n\nThe first cholera appeared in St. Louis in 1832. \n\nThe first railroad convention held in St. Louis, April 20, 1836. \n\nThe first telegraph lines reached East St. Louis, December 20, \n1847. \n\nThe first great fire occurred in St. Louis, 1849. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. * 27 \n\nCHAPTEE y. \n\nTERRITOEIAL OEGANIZATION. \n\nOrganization 1812 \xe2\x80\x94 Council\xe2\x80\x94 House of Representatives\xe2\x80\x94 "William Clark first Terri- \ntorial Governor\xe2\x80\x94 Edward Hempstead first Delegate \xe2\x80\x94 Spanish Grants\xe2\x80\x94 First \nGeneral Assembly \xe2\x80\x94 Proceedings \xe2\x80\x94 Second Assembly \xe2\x80\x94 Proceedings \xe2\x80\x94 Population \nof Territory \xe2\x80\x94 Vote of Territory \xe2\x80\x94 Ruf us Easton \xe2\x80\x94 Absent Members \xe2\x80\x94 Third Assem- \nbly \xe2\x80\x94 Proceedings \xe2\x80\x94 Application for Admission. \n\nCongress organized Missouri as a Territory, July 4, 1812, with a \nGovernor and General Assembly. The Governor, Legislative Coun- \ncil, and House of Representatives exercised the Legislative power of \nthp Territory, the Governor\'s vetoing power being absolute. \n\nhe Legislative Council was composed of nine members, whose ten- \nure of office lasted five years. Eighteen citizens were nominated by \nthe House of Representatives to the President of the United States, \nfrom whom he selected, with the approval of the Senate, nine Coun- \ncillors, to compose the Legislative Council. \n\nThe House of Representatives consisted of members chosen every \ntwo years by the people, tlie basis of representation being one mem- \nber for every five hundred white males. Tlie first House of Repre- \nsentatives consisted of thirteeii members, and, by Act of Congress, the \nwhole number of Representatives could not exceed twenty-five. \n\nThe judicial power of the Territory, was vested in the Superior and \nInferior Courts, and in the Justices of the Peace ; the Superior Court \nhaving three judges, whose term of office continued four years, hav- \ning original and appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases. \n\nThe Territory could send one delegate to Congress. Governor \nClark issued a proclamation, October 1st, 1812, required by Congress, \nreorganizing the districts of St. Charles, St. Louis, Ste. Genevieve, \nCape Girardeau, and New Madrid, into five counties, and fixed the \nsecond Monday in November following, for the election of a delegate \nto Congress, and the members of the Territorial House of Represen- \ntatives. \n\nWilliam Clark, of the expedition of Lewis and Clark, was the first \nTerritorial Governor, appointed by the President, who began his duties \n1813. \n\nEdward Hempstead, Rufus Easton, Samuel Hammond, and Matthew \nLyon were candidates in November for delegates to Congress. \n\n\n\n28 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nEdward Hempstead was elected, being the first Territorial Dele- \ngate to Cono-ress from Missouri. He served one term, declining a \nsecond, and was instrumental in having Congress to pass the act of \nJune 13, 1812, which he introduced, confirming the title to lands \nwhich were claimed by the people by virtue of Spanish grants. The \nsame act confirmed to the people " for the support of schools," the \ntitle to vilhige lots, out-lots or common field lots, which were held \nand enjoyed by them, at the time of the session in 1803. \n\nUnder the act of June 4, 1812, the first General Assembly held its \n\nsession in the house of Joseph Eobidoux, in St. Louis, on the 7th of \n\nDecember, 1812. The names of the members of the House were : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nSt. Charles. \xe2\x80\x94 John Pitman and Robert Spencer. \n\nSt. Louis. \xe2\x80\x94 David Music, Bernard G. Farrar, William C. Carr, \n\nand Richard Clark. \n\nSte. Genevieve. \xe2\x80\x94 George Bullet, Richard S. Thomas, and Isaac \nMcGready. \n\nCape Girardeau. \xe2\x80\x94 George F. Bollinger, and Spencer Byrd. \nNew Madrid. \xe2\x80\x94 John Shrader and Samuel Phillips. \nJohn B. C. Lucas, one of the Territorial Judges, administered the \noath of ofiice. William C. Carr was elected speaker, and Andrew \nScott, Clerk. \n\nThe House of Representatives proceeded to nominate eighteen per- \nsons from whom the President of the United States, with the Senate, \nwas to select nine for the Council. From this number the President \nchose the following : \n\nSt. Charles. \xe2\x80\x94 James Flaugherty and Benjamin Emmons. \nSt. Louis. \xe2\x80\x94 Auguste Chouteau, Sr., and Samuel Hammond. \nSte. Genevieve. \xe2\x80\x94 John Scott and James Maxwell. \nCape Girardeau. \xe2\x80\x94 William Neeley and Joseph Cavenor. \nNew Madrid. \xe2\x80\x94 Joseph Hunter. \n\nThe Legislative Council, thus chosen by the President and Senate, \nwas announced by Frederick Bates, Secretary and Acting-Governor of \nthe Territory, by proclamation, June 3, 1813, and fixing the first \nMonday in July following, as the time for the meeting of the Legis- \nlature. \n\nIn the meantime the duties of the executive office were assumed by \nWilliam Clark. The Legislature accordingly met, as required by the \nActing-Governor\'s proclamation, in July, but its proceedings were \nnever officially published. Consequently but little is known in refer- \nence to the workings of the first Territorial Legislature in Missouri. \n\n\n\nHISTORiT OF MISSOURI. 29 \n\nFrom the imperfect account, published in the Missouri Gazette, of \nthat day ; a paper which had been in existence since 1808, it is found \nthat laws were passed regulating and establishing weights and meas- \nures ; creating the office of Sheriff; providing the manner for taking \nthe census ; permanently fixing the seats of Justices, and an act to \ncompensate its own members. At this session, laws were also passed \ndefining crimes and penalties ; laws in reference to forcible entry and \ndetainer ; establishing Courts of Common Pleas ; incorporating the \nBank of St. Louis ; and organizing a part of Ste. Genevieve county \ninto the county of Washington. \n\nThe next session of the Leo-islature convened in St. Louis, Decem- \nber 6, 1813. George Bullet of Ste. Genevieve county, was speaker \nelect, and Andrew Scott, clerk, and William Sullivan, doorkeeper. \nSince the adjournment of the former Legislature, several vacancies \nhad occurred, and new members had been elected to fill their places. \nAmong these was Israel McCready, from the county of Washington. \n\nThe president of the legislative council was Samuel Hammond. \nNo journal of the council was officially published, but the proceedings \nof the house are found in the Gazette. \n\nAt this session of the Legislature many wise and useful laws were \npassed, having reference to the temporal as well as the moral and \nspiritual welfare of the people. Laws were enacted for the suppres- \nsion of vice and immorality on the Sabbath day ; for the improve- \nment of public roads and highways ; creating the offices of auditor, \ntreasurer and county surveyor ; regulating the fiscal affairs of the \nTerritory and fixing the boundary lines of New Madrid, Cape Girar- \ndeau, Washington and St. Charles counties. The Legislature ad- \njourned on the 19th of January, 1814, sine die. \n\nThe population of the Territory as shown by the United States \ncensus in 1810, was 20,845. The census taken by the Legislature in \n1814 gave the Territory a population of 25,000. This enumeration \nshows the county of St. Louis contained the greatest number of in- \nhabitants, and the new county of Arkansas the least \xe2\x80\x94 the latter hav- \ning 827, and the former 3,149. \n\nThe candidates for delegate to Congress were Riifus Easton, Samuel \nHammond, Alexander McNair and Thomas F. Kiddick. Rufus \nEaston and Samuel Hammond had been candidates at the preceding \nelection. In all the counties, excepting Arkansas, the votes aggre- \ngated 2,599, of which number Mr. Easton received 965, Mr. Ham- \n\n\n\n30 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nmond 746, Mr. McNair 853, and Mr. Eiddick (who had withdrawn \npreviously to the election) 35. Mr. Easton was elected. \n\nThe census of 1814 showing a large increase in the population of \nthe Territory, an appointment was made increasing the number of \nRepresentatives in the Territorial Legislature to twenty-two. The \nGeneral Assembly began its session in St. Louis, December 5, 1814. \nThere were present on the first day twenty Eepresentatives. James, \nCaldwell of Ste. Genevieve county was elected speaker, and Andrew \nScott who had been clerk of the preceding assembly, was chosen \nclerk. The President of the Council was William Neeley, of Cape \nGirardeau county. \n\nIt appeared that James Maxwell, the absent member of the Council, \nand Seth Emmons, member elect of the House of Representatives, \nwere dead. The county of Lawrence was organized at this session, \nfrom the western part of New Madrid county, and the corporate \npowers of St. Louis were enlarged. In 1815 the Territorial Legisla- \nture ao-ain began its session. Only a partial report of its proceedings \nare o-iven in the Gazette. The county of Howard was then organized \nfrom St. Louis and St. Charles counties, and included all that part of \nthe State lying north of the Osage and south of the dividing ridge \nbetween the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. (For precise bounda- \nries, see Chapter I. of the History of Boone County.) \n\nThe next session of the Territorial Legislature commenced its ses- \nsion in December, 1816. During the sitting of this Legislature many \nimportant acts were passed. It was then that the " Bank of Mis- \nsouri " was chartered and went into operation. In the fall of 1817 the \n"Bank of St. Louis" and the "Bank of Missouri" were issuing \nbills. An act was passed chartering lottery companies, chartering \nthe academy at Potosi, and incorporating a board of^ trustees for \nsuperintending the schools in the town of St. Louis. Laws were also" \npassed to encourage the " killing of wolves, panthers and wild-cats." \n\nThe Territorial Legislature met again in December, 1818, and, \namong other things, organized the counties of Pike, Cooper, Jeffer- \nson, Franklin, Wayne, Lincoln, Madison, Montgomery, and three \ncounties in the Southern part of Arkansas. In 1819 the Territory of \nArkansas was formed into a separate government of its own. \n\nThe people of the Territoiy of Missouri had been, for some time, \nanxious that their Territory should assume the duties and responsibilities \nof a sovereign State. Since 1812, the date of the organization of the \nTerritory, the population had rapidly increased, many counties had \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 31 \n\nbeen established, its commerce had grown into importance, its agri- \ncultural and mineral resources were being developed, and believing \nthat its admission into the Union as a State would give fresh impetus \nto all these interests, and hasten its settlement, the Territorial Legis- \nlature of 1818-19 accordingly made application to Congress for the \npassage of an act authorizing the people of Missouri to organize a State \ngovernment. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER YI. \n\n\n\nApplication of Missouri to be admitted into the Union \xe2\x80\x94 Agitation of tlie Slavery \nQuestion \xe2\x80\x94 " Missouri Compromise " \xe2\x80\x94 Constitutional Convention of 1820 \xe2\x80\x94 Con- \nstitution presented to Congress \xe2\x80\x94 Further Eesistance to Admission \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Clay and \nhis Committee make Eeport \xe2\x80\x94 Second Compromise \xe2\x80\x94 Missouri Admitted. \n\nWith the application of the Territorial Legislature of Missouri for \nher admission into the Union, commenced the real agitation of the \nsla^^ry question in the United States. \n\nNot only was our National Legishiture the theater of angry discus- \nsions, but everywhere throughout the length and breadth of the Ke- \npublic the "Missouri Question" was the all-absorbing theme. The \npolitical skies threatened, \n\n"In forked flashes, a commanding tempest," \n\nWhich was liable to burst upon the nation at any moment. Through \nsuch a crisis our country seemed destined to pass. The question as to \nthe admission of Missouri was to be the beginning of this crisis, which \ndistracted the public counsels of the nation for more than forty years \nafterward. \n\nMissouri asked to be admitted into the great family of States. \n" Lower Louisiana," her twin sister Territory, had knocked at the \ndoor of the Union eight years previously, and was admitted as stipu- \nlated by Napoleon, to all the rights, privileges and immunities of a \nState, and in accordance with the stipulations of the same treaty, \nMissouri now sought to be clothed with\'the same rights, privileges \nand immunities. \n\nAs what is known in the history of the United States as the *\' Mis- \nsouri Compromise," of 1820, takes rank among the most prominent \n\n\n\n32 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nmeasures tliat had up to that day engaged the attention of our \nNational Legislature, we shall enter somewhat into its details, being \nconnected as they are with the annals of the State. \n\nFebruary 15th, 1819. \xe2\x80\x94 After the House had resolved itself into a \nCommittee of the "Whole on the bill to authorize the admission of Mis- \nsouri into the Union, and after the question of her admission had been \ndiscussed for some time, Mr. Tallmadge, of New York, moved to \namend the bill, by adding to it the following proviso : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n^\'\'And Provided, That the fnrther introduction of slavery or involun- \ntary servitude be prohibited, except for the punishment of crime, \nwhereof the party shall have been duly convicted, and that all chil- \ndren boi-n within the said State, after the admission thereof into the \nUnion, shall be free at the age of twenty-five years." \n\nAs might have been expected, this proviso precipitated the angry \ndiscussions which lasted nearly three years, finally culminating in the \nMissouri Compromise. All phases of the slavery question were pre- \nsented, not in its moral and social aspects, but as a great constitu- \ntional question, affecting Missouri and the admission of future States. \nThe proviso, when submitted to a vote, was adopted \xe2\x80\x94 79 to 67, and \nso reported to the House. \n\nHon. John Scott, who was at that time a delegate from the Terri- \ntory of Missouri, was not permitted to vote, but as such delegate he \nhad the privilege of participating in the debates Avhich followed. On \nthe 16th day of February the proviso was taken up and discussed. \nAfter several speeches had been made, among them one by Mr. Scott \nand one by the author of the proviso, Mr. Tallmadge, the amendment, \nor proviso, was divided into two parts, and voted upon. The first \npart of it, which included all to the word " convicted," was adopted \xe2\x80\x94 \n87 to 76. The remaining part was then voted upon, and also \nadopted, by 82 to 78. By a vote of 97 to 56 the bill was ordered to \nbe engrossed for a third reading. \n\nThe Senate Committee, to whom the bill was referred, reported the \nsame to the Senate on the 19th of February, when that body voted \nfirst upon a motion to strike out of the proviso all after the word \n*\' convicted," which was carried by a vote of 32 to 7. It then voted \nto strike out the first entire clause, which prevailed \xe2\x80\x94 22 to 16, \nthereby defeating the proviso. \n\nThe House declined to concur in the action of the Senate, and the \nbill was again returned to that body, which in turn refused to recede \nfrom its position. The bill was lost and Congress adjourned. This \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF MISSOURI. 33 \n\nwas most unfortunate for the country. The people having already \nbeen wrought up to fever heat over the agitation of the question in \nthe National Councils, now became intensely excited. The press \nadded fuel to the flame, and the progress of events seemed rapidly \ntending to the downfall of our nationality. \n\nA long interval of nine months was to ensue before the meeting of \nCongress. The body indicated by its vote upon the " Missouri Ques- \ntion," that the two great sections of the country were politically \ndivided upon the subject of slavery. The restrictive clause, which it \nwas sought to impose upon Missouri as a condition of her admission, \nwould in all probability, be one of the conditions of the admission of \nthe Territory of Arkansas. The public mind was in a state of great \ndoubt and uncertainty up to the meeting of Congress, which took \nplace on the 6th of December, 1819. The memorial of the Legisla- \ntive Council and House of Kepresentatives of tlie Missouri Territory, \npraying for admission into the Union, was presented to tiie Senate \nby Mr. Smith, of South (Carolina. It was referred to the Judiciary \nCommittee. \n\nSome three weeks having passed without any action thereon by the \nSenate, the bill was taken up and discussed by tlie House until the \n19th of February, when the bill from the Senate for the admission of \nMahie was considered. The bill for the admission of Maine included \nthe " Missouri Question," by an amendment which read as follows : \n\n"And be it further enacted. That in all that territory ceded by \nFrance to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, whicli lies \nnorth of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes, north latitude (except- \ning such part thereof as is) included within the limits of the State, \ncontemplated by this act, slavery and involuntary servitude, other- \nwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the party shall have \nbeen convicted, shall be and is hereby forever prohibited; Provided, \nalways. That any person escaping into the same from whom labor or \nservice is lawfully claimed, in any State or Territory of the United \nStates, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the \nperson claiming his or her labor or services as aforesaid." \n\nThe Senate adopted this amendment, which formed the basis of the \n^\'Missouri Compromise," modified afterward by striking out the \nwords, " excepting only such part thereof.\'\'\' \n\nThe bill passed the Senate by a vote of 24 to 20. On the 2d day of \nMarch the House took up the bill and amendments for consideration, \niind by a vote of 134 to 42 concurred in the Senate amendment, and \n\n\n\n34 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nthe bill being passed by the two Houses, constituted section 8, \xc2\xa9f \n"An Act to authorize the people of the Missouri Territory to form a \nConstitution and State Government, and for the admission of such \nState into the Union on an equal footing with the original States, and \nto prohibit slavery in certain territory." \n\nThis act was approved March 6, 1820. Missouri then contained fif- \nteen organized counties. By act of Congress the people of said State \nwere authorized to hold an election on the first Monday, and two suc- \nceeding days thereafter in May, 1820, to select representatives to a \nState convention. This convention met in St. Louis on the 12th of \nJune, following the election in May, and concluded its labors on the \n19th of July, 1820. David Barton was its President, and Wm. G. \nPettis, Secretary. There were forty-one members of this convention, \nmen of ability and statesmanship, as the admirable constitution which \nthey framed amply testifies. Their names and the counties repre- \nsented by them are as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCape Girardeau. \xe2\x80\x94Stephen Byrd, James Evans, Richard S.. \nThomas, Alexander Buckner and Joseph McFerron. \n\xe2\x80\x94 Cooper. \xe2\x80\x94 Robert P. Clark, Robert Wallace, Wm. Lillard. \n\nFranklin. \xe2\x80\x94 John G. Heath. \n\nHoivard. \xe2\x80\x94 Nicholas S. Burkhart, Duff Green, John Ray, Jonathan \nS. Findley, Benj. H. Reeves. \n\nJefferson. \xe2\x80\x94 Daniel Hammond. \n\nLincoln. \xe2\x80\x94 Malcom Henry. \n\nMontgo7nery. \xe2\x80\x94 Jonathan Ramsey, James Talbott. \n\nMadison. \xe2\x80\x94 Nathaniel Cook. \n\nNew Madrid. \xe2\x80\x94 Robert S. Dawson, Christopher G. Houts. \n\nPike. \xe2\x80\x94 Stephen Cleaver. \n\n8t. Charles. \xe2\x80\x94 Benjamin Emmons, Nathan Boone, Hiram H. Baber. \n\nSte. Genevieve. \xe2\x80\x94 John D. Cook, Henry Dodge, John Scott, R. T. \nBrown. \n\nSt. Louis. \xe2\x80\x94 T>cW\\^ Barton, Edward Bates, Alexander McNair, \nWm. Rector, John C. Sullivan, Pierre Chouteau, Jr., Bernard Pratte, \nThomas F. Riddick. \n\nWashington. \xe2\x80\x94 John Rice Jones, Samuel Perry, John Hutchino-s. \n\nWayne. \xe2\x80\x94 Elijah Bettis. \n\nOn the 13th of November, 1820, Congress met again, and on the \nsixth of the same mo ith Mr. Scott, the delegate from Missouri, pre- \nsented to the House the Constitution as framed by the convention. \n\n\n\n^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 35 \n\nThe same was referred to a select committee, who made thereon a \nfavorable report. \n\nThe admission of the State, however, was resisted, because it was \nclaimed that its constitution sanctioned slavery, and authorized the \nLegislature to pass laws preventing free negroes and mulattoes from, \nsettling in the State. The report of the committee to whom was \nreferred the Constitution of Missouri was accompanied by a preamble \nand resolutions, offered by Mr. Lowndes, of South Carolina. The \npreamble and resolutions were stricken out. \n\nThe application of the State foi- admission shared the same fate in \nthe Senate. The question was referred to a select committee, who, \non the 2yth of November, reported in favor of admitting the State. \nThe debate, which followed, continued for tWsO weeks, and finally Mr. \nEaton, of Tennessee, offered an amendment to the resolution as fol- \nlows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" Provided, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as \nto give the asseivt of Congress to any provision in the Constitution of \nMissouri, if any such there be, which contravenes that clause in the \nConstitution of the United States, which declares that the citizens of \neach State shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of \ncitizens in the several States." \n\nThe resohition, as amended, was adopted. The resolution and \nproviso were again taken up and discussed at great length, when the \ncommittee agreed to report the resolution to the House. \n\nThe question on agreeing to the amendment, as reported from the \ncommittee of the whole, was lost in the House. A similar resolution \nafterward passed the Senate, but was again rejected in tlie House. \nThen it was that that great statesman and pure patriot, Henry Clay, \nof Kentuck}\'\', feeling that the hour had come when angry discussions \nshould cease, \n\n" With grave \nAspect he rose, and in his rising seem\'d \nA pillar of state ; deep on his front engravei \nDeliberation sat and public care ; \nAnd princely counsel in his face yet shone \nMajestic" ****** \n\nproposed that the question of Missouri\'s admission be referred to a^ \ncommittee consisting of twenty-three persons (a number equal to the \nnunil)er of States then composing the Union), be appointed to act in \nconjunction with a committee of the Senate to consider and report \nwhether Missouri should be admitted, etc. \n\n\n\n36 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nThe motion prevailed ; the committee was appointed and Mr. Clay \nmade its chairman. The Senate selected seven of its members to act \nwith the committee of twenty-three, and on the 26th of February the \nfollowing report was made by that committee : \xe2\x80\x94 \xe2\x80\xa2 \' \n\n" Eesolved, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the \nUnited States of America in Couo-ress assembled : Tliat Missouri shall \nbe admitted into the Union, on an equal footing with the original \nStates, in all respects whatever, upon the fundamental condition that \nthe fourth clause, of the twenty-sixth section of the third article of \nthe Constitution submitted on the part of said State to Congress, shall \nnever be construed to authorize the passage of any law, and that no \nlaw shall be passed in conformity thereto, by wliich any citizen of \neither of the States in this Union shall be excluded from the enjoy- \nment of any of the privileges and immunities to which such citizen is \nentitled, under the Constitution of the United States ; provided. That \nthe Legislature of said State, by a Solemn Public Act, shall declare \nthe assent of the said State, to the said fundamental condition, and \nshall transmit to the President of the United States, on or before the \nfourth Monday in November next, an authentic copy of the said act ; \nupon the receipt whereof, the President, by prochimation, shall an- \nnounce the fact; whereupon, and without any further proceeding on \nthe part of Congress, the admission of the said State into the Union \nshall be considered complete." \n\nThis resolution, after a brief debate, was adopted in the House, and \npassed the Senate on the 28th of February, 1821. \n\nAt a special session of the Legislature held in St. Charles, in June \nfollowing, a Solemn Public Act was adopted, giving its assent to the \nconditions of admission, as expressed in the resolution of Mr. Clay. \nAugust 10th, 1821, President Monroe announced by proclamation thf^ \nadmission of Missouri into the Union to be complete. \n\n\n\nmSTORY OF MISSOURI. 37 \n\nCHAPTER yil. \n\nMISSOURI AS A STATE. \n\n\\ \n\nFirst Election for Govei\'nor and other State Officers \xe2\x80\x94 Senators and Representatives to \nGeneral Assembly \xe2\x80\x94 Sheriffs and Coroners \xe2\x80\x94 U. S. Senators \xe2\x80\x94 Representatives in \nCongress \xe2\x80\x94 Supreme Court Judges \xe2\x80\x94 Counties Organized \xe2\x80\x94 Capital Moved to St. \nCharles \xe2\x80\x94 Official Record of Territorial and State Officers. \n\nBy the Constitution adopted by the Convention on the 19th of July, \n1820, the General Assembly was required to meet in St. Louis on the \nthird Monday in September of that year, and an election was ordered \nto be held on the 28th of August for the election of a Governor and \nother State officers, Senators and Representatives to the General \nAssembly, Sheriffs and Coroners, United States Senators and Repre- \nsentatives in Congress. \n\nIt will be seen that Missouri had not as yet been admitted as a \nState, but in anticipation of that event, and according to the provi- \nsions of the constitution, the election was held, and the General As- \nsembly convened. \n\nWilliam Clark (who had been Governor of the Territory) and \nAlexander McNair were the candidates for Governor. McNair re- \nceived 6,576 votes, Clark 2,556, total vote of the State 9,132. There \nwere three candidates for Lieutenant-Governor, to wit : William H. \nAshley, Nathaniel Cook and Henry Elliot. Ashley received 3,907 \nvotes, Cook 3,212, Elliot 931. A Representative was to be elected \nfor the residue of the Sixteenth Congress and one for the Seventeenth. \nJohn Scott who was at the time Territorial delegate, was elected to \nboth Congresses without opposition. \n\nThe General Assembly elected in August met on the 19th of Sep- \ntember, 1820, and organized by electing James Caldwell, of Ste. \nGenevieve, speaker, and John McArthur clerk; William H. Ashley, \nLieutenant-Governor, President of the Senate ; Silas Bent, President, \npro temi \n\nMathias McGirk, John D. Cook, and John R. Jones were appointed \nSupreme Judges, each to hold office until sixty-five years of ao-e. \n\nJoshua Barton was appointed Secretary of State ; Peter Didier, \nState Treasurer ; Edward Bates, Attorney-General, and William \nChristie, Auditor of Public Accounts. \n\n\n\n38 \n\n\n\nHTSTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nDavid Barton and Thomas H. Benton were elected by the General \n\nAssembly to the United States Senate. \n\nAt this session of the Legislature the counties of Boone, Callaway, \nChariton, Cole, Gasconade, Lillard, Perry, Ralls, Ray and Saline \nwere organized. \n\nWe should like to give in details the meetings and proceedings of \nthe different Legislatures which followed ; the elections for Govern- \nors and other State officers ; the elections for Congressmen and United \nStates Senators, but for want of space we can only present in a con- \ndensed form the official record of the Territorial and State officers. \n\n\n\nOFFICIAL RECOED \xe2\x80\x94 TERRITORIAL OFFICERS. \nGovernors. \nFrederick Bates, Secretary and William Clark . . \n\nActing-G-overnor .... 1812-13 \n\nOFFICERS OF STATE GOVERNMENT. \n\n\n\nGovernors. \n\nAlexander McNair 1820-24 \n\nFrederick Bates 1824-25 \n\nAbraham J. Williams, vice \n\nBates 1825 \n\nJohn Miller, vice Bates . . . 1826-28 \n\nJohn Miller 1828-32 \n\nDaniel Dunklin, (1832-36) re- \nsigned; appointed Surveyor \nGeneral of the TJ. S. Lilburn \n\nW. Boggs, vice Dunklin . . 1836 \n\nLilburn W. Boggs 1836-40 \n\nThomas Keynolds (died 1844), . 1840-44 \nM. M. Marmaduke vice Rey- \nnolds \xe2\x80\x94 John C. Edwards . 1844-48 \nAustin A. King . . . . 1848-52 \n\nSterling Price ...... 1852-56 \n\nTrusten Polk (resigned) . . . 1856-57 \n\nHancock Jackson, vice Polk . 1857 \n\nRobert M. Stewart, vice Polk . 1857-60 \nO. F. Jackson (1860), office va- \ncated by ordinance; Hamil- \nton R. Gamble, vice J ackson ; \nGov. Gamble died 1864. \n\nWillard P. Hall, vice Gamble . 1864 \n\nThomas C. Fletcher .... 1864-68 \n\nJoseph W. McClurg .... 1868-70 \n\nB. Gratz Brown 1870-72 \n\nSilas Woodson 1872-74 \n\nOharles H. Hardin 1874-76 \n\nJohn S. Phelps 1876-80 \n\nThomas T. Crittenden (now \n\nGovernor) 1880 \n\n\n\nLieutenant-Governors. \nWilliam H. Ashley \nBenjamin H. Reeves \nDaniel Dunklin . \nLilburn W. Boggs \nFranklin Cannon \nM. M. Marmaduke \nJames Young \nThomas L Rice. \nWilson Br>iwn . \nHancock Jackson \nThomas C. Re3nolds \nWillard P. Hall \nGeorge Smith \nEdwin O. Stanard \nJoseph J. Gi-avelly. \nCharles P. -Johnson \nNorman J. Coleman \nHenry C. Brockmeyer \nRobert A. Campbell (present \nincumbent) \n\nSecretaries of State. \n\nJoshua Barton . . \n\nWilliam G. Pettis . \n\nHamilton R. Gamble \n\nSpencer Pettis . . \n\nP. H. McBride . . \n\nJohn C. Edwards (term expired \n1835, reappointed 1837, re- \nsigned 1837) \n\nPeter G. Glover \n\nJames L. Minor \n\n\n\n1813-20 \n\n\n\n1820-24 \n1824-28 \n1828-32 \n1832-36 \n1836-40 \n1840-44 \n1844-48 \n1848-52 \n1852-55 \n1855-56 \n1860-61 \n1861-64 \n1864-68 \n1868-70 \n1870-72 \n1872-74 \n1874-76 \n1876-80 \n\n1880 \n\n\n\n1820-21 \n\n1821-24 \n1824-26 \n1826-28 \n1829-30 \n\n\n\n1830-37 \n1837-39 \n1839^5 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\n39 \n\n\n\nOFFICERS OF \n\nF. H. Martin \n\nEphraim B. Ewing . . .. \nJohn M. Richardson .... \nBenjamin F. Massey (re-elected \n\n1860, for four years) .... \n\nMordecai Oliver \n\nFrancis Rodman (re-elected 18U8 \n\nfor two years) \n\nEugene F. Weigel, (re-elected \n\n1872, for two years) .... \nMichael K. McG-rath (present \n\nincumbent) \n\nState Trcaswers. \n\n\n\nSTATE GOVERNMENT \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nPeter Didier ....... \n\nNathaniel Simonds . . . , \nJames Earickson . . . . , \n\nJohn Walker \n\nAbraham McClelian . . . . \nPeter G. Glover ...... \n\nA. W. Morrison \n\nGeorge C. Bingham . . . . \n\nWilliam Bisliop \n\nWilliam Q. Dallmeyer . . . \n\nSamuel Hays \n\nHarvey W. Salmon . . . . \n\nJoseph W. Mercer \n\nElijali Gates \n\nPhillip E. Chappell (present in- \ncumbent) \n\n\n\n1845-49 \n1849-52 \n1852-56 \n\n1856-60 \n1861-64 \n\n1864-68 \n\n1870-72 \n\n1874 \n\n\n\n1820-21 \n\n1821-28 \n\n1829-33 \n\n1833-38 \n\n1838^3 \n\n1843-51 \n\n1851-60 \n\n1862-64 \n\n186^68 \n\n1868-70 \n\n1872 \n\n1872-74 \n\n1874-76 \n\n1876-80 \n\n\n\nAttorney-Generals. \n\n\n\nEdward Bates \n\nEufus Easton \n\nRobt. W. Wells \n\nWilliam B. Napton . . . . \n\nS. M. Bay \n\nB. F. Stringfellow \n\nWilliam A. Robards . . . . \nJames B. Gardenhire . . . . \nEphraim W. Ewing . . . . \n\nJames P. Knott \n\nAikman Welch \n\nThomas T. Crittenden . . . \n\nRobert F. Wingate \n\nHorace P. Johnson \n\nA. J. Baker \n\nHenry Clay Ewing . . . . . \n\n.John A. Hockaday \n\nJackson L. Smith \n\nD. H. Mclntire (present in- \ncumbent) \n\n\n\n1880 \n\n\n\n1820-21 \n\n1821-26 \n\n1826-36 \n\n1836-39 \n\n1839-15 \n\n1845-49 \n\n1849-51 \n\n1851-56 \n\n1856-59 \n\n1859-61 \n\n1861-64 \n\n1864 \n\n1864-68 \n\n1868-70 \n\n1870-72 \n\n1872-74 \n\n1874-76 \n\n1876-80 \n\n1880 \n\n\n\nAudito7-s of Public Accounts. \n\nWilliam Christie 1820-21 \n\nWilliam V. Rector .... 1821-23 \n\nElias Barcroft 1823-33 \n\nHenry Shurlds 1833-35 \n\nPeter G. Glover 1835-37 \n\nHiram H. Baber 1837-45 \n\nWilliam Monroe 1845 \n\nJ. R. McDermon 1845-48 \n\nGeorge W. Miller 1848-49 \n\nWilson Brown 1849-52 \n\nWilliam H. Buffington . . . 1852-60 \n\nWilliam S. Moseley \'. . . . 1860-64 \n\nAlonzo Thompson 1864-68 \n\nDaniel M. Draper 1868-72 \n\nGeorge B. Clark 1872-74 \n\nThomas Holladay . . . , . 187-80 \nJohn Walker (present incum- \nbent) 1880 \n\nJudges of Supreme Court. \n\nMatthias McGirk 1822-41 \n\nJohn D. Cooke 1822-23 \n\nJohn R. Jones 1822-24 \n\nRufus Pettibone 1823-25 \n\nGeo. Tompkins 1824-45 \n\nRobert Wash 1825-37 \n\nJohn C. Edwards 1837-39 \n\nWm. Scott, (appointed 1841 till \nmeeting of General Assem- \nh\\j in place of McGirk, re- \nsigned; reappointed . . . 1843 \n\nP. H. McBride 1845 \n\nWm. B. Napton 1849-52 \n\nJohn F. Ryland 1849-51 \n\nJohn H. Birch 1849-51 \n\nWm. Scott, John F. Ryland, \nand Hamilton R. Gamble \n(elected by the people, for six \n\nyears) 1851 \n\nGamble (resigned) 1854 \n\nAbiel Leonard elected to fill va- \ncancy of Gamble. \nWm. B. Napton (vacated by \n\nfailure to file oaili). \nWm. Scott and .John C. Rich- \nardson (resigned, elected Au- \ngust, for six years) .... 1857 \nE. B. Ewing, (to fill Richard- \nson\'s resignation) .... 1859 \nBarton Bates (appointed) . . 1862 \nW. V. N. Bay (appointed) . . 1862 \n\n\n\n40 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nOFFICERS OF \n\n\nSTATE G( \n\n\nJohn D. S. Dryden (appointed) \n\n\n1862 \n\n\nBarton Bates \n\n\n1863-65 \n\n\nW. V. N. Bay (elected) . . . \n\n\n1863 \n\n\nJohn D, S. Dryden (elected) . \n\n\n1868 \n\n\nDavid Wagner (appointed) . , \n\n\n1865 \n\n\nWallace L. Lovelace (appoint- \n\n\n\n\ned) \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n1865 \n\n\nNathaniel Holmes (appointed) \n\n\n1865 \n\n\nThomas J. C. Fagg (appointed) \n\n\n1866 \n\n\nJames Baker (appointed) . . \n\n\n1868 \n\n\nDavid Wagner (elected) . . . \n\n\n1868-70 \n\n\nPhilemon Bliss \n\n\n1868-70 \n\n\nWarren Currier \n\n\n1868-71 \n\n\nWashington Adams (appointed \n\n\n\n\nto fill Currier\'s place, who re- \n\n\n\n\nsigned) \n\n\n1871 \n\n\nEphraim B. Ewing (elected) . \n\n\n1872 \n\n\nThomas A. Sherwood (elected) \n\n\n1872 \n\n\nW. B. Napton (appointed in \n\n\n\n\nplace of Ewing, deceased) . \n\n\n1873 \n\n\nEdward A. Lewis (appointed, \n\n\n\n\nin place of Adams, resigned) \n\n\n1874 \n\n\nWarwick Hough (elected) . . \n\n\n1874 \n\n\nWilliam B. Napton (elected) . \n\n\n1874-80 \n\n\nJohn W. Henry \n\n\n1876-86 \n\n\nKobert D. Eay succeeded Wm. \n\n\n\n\nB. Napton in \n\n\n1880 \n\n\nElijah H. Norton (appointed in \n\n\n\n\n1876), elected \n\n\n1878 \n\n\nT. A. Sherwood (re-elected) \n\n\n1882 \n\n\nUnited States Senators. \n\n\n\n\nT. H. Benton \n\n\n1820-50 \n\n\nD. Barton \n\n\n1820-30 \n\n\nAlex. Buckner \n\n\n1830-33 \n\n\nL. F. Linn ........ \n\n\n1833-43 \n\n\nD. E. Atchison \n\n\n1843-55 \n\n\nH. S. Geyer \n\n\n1851-57 \n\n\nJames S. G-reen . .... . \n\n\n1857-61 \n\n\nT. Polk. \n\n\n1857-63 \n\n\nWaldo P. Johnson . . , . . \n\n\n1861 \n\n\nRobert Wilson \n\n\n1861 \n\n\nB. Gratz Brown (for unexpired \n\n\n\n\nterm of Johnson) .... \n\n\n1863 \n\n\nJ. B. Henderson \n\n\n1863-69 \n\n\nCharles D. Drake \n\n\n1867-70 \n\n\nCarl Schurz \n\n\n1869-75 \n\n\nD. F. Jewett (in place of Drake, \n\n\n\n\nresigned) . \n\n\n1870 \n\n\nF. P. Blair \n\n\n1871-77 \n\n\nL. V. Bogy . \n\n\n1873 \n\n\nJames Shields (elected for unex- \n\n\n\n\npired term of Bogy) . . . \n\n\n1879 \n\n\n\nSTATE GOVERNMENT \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\nD. H. Armstrong appointed for \n\nunexpired term of Bogy. \n\nF. M. Cockrell (re-elected 1881) 1875-81 \n\nGeorge G. Vest 1879 \n\nRepresentatives to Congress. \n\nJohn Scott 1820-26 \n\nEd. Bates 1826-28 \n\nSpencer Pettis 1828-31 \n\nWilliam H. Ashley .... 1831-36 \n\nJohn Bull 1832-34 \n\nAlbert G. Harrison 1834-39 \n\nJohn Miller 1836-42 \n\nJohn Jameson (re-elected 1846 \n\nfor two years) 1839-44 \n\nJohn C. Edwards 1840-42 \n\nJames M. Hughes 1842-44 \n\nJames H.Relfe 1842-46 \n\nJames B. Bowlin 1842-50 \n\nGustavus M. Bower .... 1842-44 \n\nSterling Price 1844-46 \n\nWilliam McDaniel 1846 \n\nLeonard H. Sims 1844-46 \n\nJohn S. Phelps 1844-60 \n\nJames S. Green (re-elected \n\n1856, resigned) 1846-50 \n\nWill ard P. Hall 1846-53 \n\nWilliam V. N. Bay .... 1848-61 \n\nJohn F. Darby 1850-53 \n\nGilchrist Porter 1850-57 \n\nJohn G. Miller 1850-56 \n\nAlfred W. Lamb 1852-54 \n\nThomas H. Benton 1852-54 \n\nMordecai Oliver 1852-57 \n\nJames J. Lindley 1852-56 \n\nSamuel Caruthers 1852-58 \n\nThomas P. Akers (to fill unex- \npired term of J. G. Miller, \n\ndeceased) 1855 \n\nFrancis P. Blair, Jr. (re-elected \n\n1860, resigned) 1856 \n\nThomas L. Anderson .... 1856-60 \n\nJames Craig 1856-30 \n\nSamuel H. Woodson .... 1856-60 \n\nJohn B. Clark, Sr. . . . . . 1857-61 \n\nJ. Richard Barrett 1860 \n\nJohn W. Nool 1858-63 \n\nJames S. Rollins 1860-64 \n\nElijah H. Norton 1860-63 \n\nJohnW.Reid 1860-61 \n\nWilliam A. Hall 1862-64 \n\nThomas L. Price (in place of \n\nReid, expelled) 1862 \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\n41 \n\n\n\nOEFICEES OF \n\nHenry T. Blow \n\nSempronius T. Boyd, (elected in \n\n1862, and again in 1868, for \n\ntwo years.) \nJoseph W. McClurg .... \n\nAustin A. King \n\nBenjamin F. Loan \n\nJohn G-. Scott (in place of Noel, \n\n\n\nJohn Hogan .... \xe2\x96\xa0 . . \n\nThomas F.Noel \n\nJohn R. Kelsoe \n\nEohert T. Van Horn . . . \n\nJohn F. Benjamin \n\nGeorge W. Anderson .... \n\n"William A. Pile \n\nC. A. Newcomb \n\nJoseph J. Gravelly \n\nJames R. McCormack . . . \n\nJohn H. Stover (in place of \n\nMcClurg, resigned) ... \n\nErastus Wells \n\nG. A. Finkleiiburg ... \n\nSamuel S. Burdett \n\nJoel F. Asper \n\nDavid P. Dyer \n\nHarrison E. Havens .... \n\nIsaac G. Parker \n\nJames G. Blair \n\nAndrew King \n\nEdwin O. Stanard \n\nWilliam H. Stone . . . . . \nRobert A. Hatcher (elected) . \n\nRichard B. Bland \n\nThomas T. Crittenden . . . \n\nIra B. Hyde \n\nJohn B. Clark, Jr \n\nJohn M. Glover \n\n\n\nSTATE GOVERNMENT \n\n1862-66 \n\n\n\n1862-66 \n1862-64 \n1862-69 \n\n1863 \n\n18\'d4-66 \n\n1864-67 \n\n1864-66 \n\n1864-71 \n\n1864-71 \n\n1864-69 \n\n1866-68 \n\n1866-68 \n\n1866-68 \n\n1866-73 \n\n1867 \n\n1868-82 \n\n1868-71 \n\n1868-71 \n\n1868-70 \n\n1868-70 \n\n1870-75 \n\n1870-75 \n\n1870-72 \n\n1870-72 \n\n1872-74 \n\n1872-78 \n\n1872 \n\n1872 \n\n1872-74 \n\n1872-74 \n\n1872-78 \n\n1872 \n\n\n\nContinued, \n\nAylett H. Buckner 1872 \n\nEdward C.Kerr 1874-78 \n\nCharles H. Morgan .... 1874 \n\nJohn F. Philips 1874 \n\nB. J. Franklin 1874 \n\nDavid Rea 1874 \n\nRezin A. De Bolt 1874 \n\nAnthony Ittner 1876 \n\nNathaniel Cole 1876 \n\nRobert A. Hatcher 1876-78 \n\nR. P. Bland 1876-78 \n\nA, H. Buckner 1876-78 \n\nJ. B. Clark, Jr 1876-78 \n\nT. T. Crittenden 1876-78 \n\nB.J.Franklin ...... 1876-78 \n\nJohn M. (jlover 1876-78 \n\nRobert A. Hatcher 1876-78- \n\nChas. H. Morgan 1876-78 \n\nL. S.Metcalf 1876-78 \n\nH.M. Pollard 1876-78 \n\nDavid Rea 1876-78 \n\nS. L. Sawyer 1878-80\' \n\nN. Ford 1878-82 \n\nG. F. Rothwell 1878-82 \n\nJohn B. Clark, Jr 1878-82 \n\nW. H. Hatch 1878-82 \n\nA. H. Buckner 1878-82 \n\nM. L. Clardy 1878-82 \n\nR. G. Frost 1878-82 \n\nL. H. Davis 1878-82 \n\nR. P. Bland 1878-82 \n\nJ. R. Waddell 1878-80 \n\nT. Alleu 1880-82 \n\nR. Huzeltine 1880-82 \n\nT. M. Rice 1880-82 \n\nR. T. Van Horn 1880-82 \n\nNicholas Ford 1880-82 \n\nJ. G. Burrows 1880-82 \n\n\n\nCOUNTrES \xe2\x80\x94 WHEN ORGANIZED. \n\n\n\nAdair January 29, 1841 \n\nAndrew January 29, 1841 \n\nAtchison January 14, 1845 \n\nAudrain December 17, 1836 \n\nBarry January 5, 1835 \n\nBarton , December 12, 1835 \n\nBates January 29, 1841 \n\nBenton January 3, 1835 \n\nBollinger March 1, 1851 \n\nBoone November 16, 1820 \n\nBuchanan February 10, 1889 \n\n\n\nCaldwell December 26, \n\nCallaway November 25, \n\nCamden January 29, \n\nCape Girardeau October 1, \n\nCarroll .January 8, \n\nCarter March 10, \n\nCass September 14, \n\nCedar February 14, \n\nChariton November 16, \n\nChristian March 8, \n\nClark December 15, \n\n\n\n1836 \n1820 \n1841 \n1812 \n1833 \n1859 \n1885 \n1845 \n1820 \n1860 \n1818 \n\n\n\n42 \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nCotTNTiES, "WHEN ORGANIZED \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nButler , February 27, 1849 \n\nClay January 2, 1822 \n\nClinton January 15, 1833 \n\nCole \xc2\xab. November 16, 1820 \n\nCooper December 17, 1818 \'. \n\nCrawford \xe2\x80\xa2 January 23, 1829 \n\nDade January 29, 1841 \n\nDallas December 10, 1844 \n\nDaviess December 29, 1836 \n\nDeKalb February 25, 1845 \n\nDent February 10, 1851 \n\nDouglas October 19, 1857 \n\nTuiklin February 14, 1845 \n\nFranklin December 11, 1818 \n\nGasconade November 25, 1820 \n\nGentry February 12, 1841 \n\nGreene January 2, 1883 \n\nGrundy January 2, 1843 \n\nHarrison February 14, 1845 \n\nHenry December 13, 1834 \n\nHickory February 14, 1845 \n\nHolt February 15, 1841 \n\nHoward January 23, 1816 \n\nHowell March 2, 1857 \n\nIron February 17, 1857 \n\nJackson December 15, 1826 \n\nJasper January 29, 1841 \n\nJefferson December 8, 1818 \n\nJohnson December 13, 1834 \n\nKnox .February 14, 1845 \n\nLaclede February 24, 1849 \n\nLafayette November 16, 1820 \n\nLawrence February 25, 1845 \n\nXewis January 2, 1833 \n\nLincoln December 14, 1818 \n\nLinn January 7, 1837 \n\nLivingston January 6, 1837 \n\nMcDonald March 3, 1849 \n\nMacon January 6, 1837 \n\nMadison December 14, 1818 \n\nMaries March 2, 1855 \n\nMarion December 23, 1826 \n\nMercer .February 14, 1845 \n\nMiller February 6, 1837 \n\nMississippi February 14, 1845 \n\nMoniteau February 14, 1345 \n\n\n\nMonroe January 6, \n\nMontgomery December 14, \n\nMorgan January \n\nNew Madrid October 1 \n\nNewton December 31, \n\nNodaway February 14, \n\nOregon February 14, \n\nOsage January 29 \n\nOzark .January 29 \n\nPemiscot February 19, \n\nPerry November i& \n\nPettis January 26 \n\nPhelps November 13 \n\nPike December 14. \n\nPlatte December 31 \n\nPolk March 13 \n\nPulaski December 15 \n\nPutnam February 28. \n\nRalls November 16, \n\nRandolph January 22 \n\nRay November 16 \n\nReynolds February 25 \n\nRipley January 5, \n\nSt. Charles October 1 \n\nSt. Clair January 29 \n\nSt. Francois December 19, \n\nSte. Genevieve October 1 \n\nSt. Louis October 1 \n\nSaline November 25 \n\nSchuyler February 14 \n\nScotland January 29 \n\nScott December 28, \n\nShannon January 29 \n\nShelby January 2, \n\nStoddard January 2 \n\nStone .....February 10, \n\nSullivan February 16 \n\nTaney January 16 \n\nTexas February 14 \n\nVernon February 17 \n\nWarren January 5 \n\n"Washington August 21 \n\nWayne December 11 \n\nWebster March 3, \n\nWorth February 8, \n\nWright January 29; \n\n\n\n, 1881 \n, 1818 \n, 1833 \n, 1812 \n, 1838 \n, 1845 \n, 1845 \n, 1841 \n, 1841 \n, 1861 \n, 1820 \n, 1833 \n, 1857 \n, 1818 \n, 1838 \n, 1835 \n, 1818 \n, 1845 \n, 1820 \n, 1829 \n,1820 \n, 1845 \n, 1833 \n, 1812 \n, 1841 \n, 1821 \n, 1812 \n, 1812 \n, 1820 \n1845 \n, 1841 \n, 1821 \n, 1841 \n, 1835 \n, 1835 \n, 1851 \n, 1845 \n, 1837 \n, 1835 \n, 1851 \n, 1833 \n, 1813 \n, 1818 \n, 1855 \n, 1861 \n, 1841 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 43 \n\nCHAPTEE VIII. \n\nCIVIL WAR IN MISSOURI. \n\nTort Sumter fired upon \xe2\x80\x94 Call for 75,000 men \xe2\x80\x94 Gov. Jackson refuses to furnish a \nman \xe2\x80\x94 U. S. Arsenal at Liberty, Mo., seized \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of Gov. Jackson \xe2\x80\x94 \nGeneral Order No. 7 \xe2\x80\x94 Le3;islature convenes \xe2\x80\x94 Camp Jackson organized \xe2\x80\x94 Sterling- \nPrice appointed Major-General \xe2\x80\x94 Frost\'s letter to Lyon \xe2\x80\x94 Lyon\'s letter to Frost \xe2\x80\x94 \nSurrender of Camp Jackson \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of Gen. Harney \xe2\x80\x94 Conference between \nPrice and Harney \xe2\x80\x94 Harney superseded by Lyon \xe2\x80\x94 Second Conference \xe2\x80\x94 Gov. Jack- \nson burns the bridges behind him \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of Gov. Jackson \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Blair \ntakes possession of Jefferson City \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of Lyon \xe2\x80\x94 Lyon at Springfield \xe2\x80\x94 \nState offices declared vacant \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Fremont assumes command \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of \nLieut.-Gov. Reynolds \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of Jeff . Thompson and Gov. Jackson \xe2\x80\x94 Death \nof Gen. Lyon \xe2\x80\x94 Succeeded by Sturgis \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of McCulloch and Gamble \xe2\x80\x94 \nMartial law declared \xe2\x80\x94 Second proclamation of Jeff. Thompson \xe2\x80\x94 President modi- \nfies Fremont\'s order \xe2\x80\x94 Fremont relieved by Hunter \xe2\x80\x94 Proclamation of Price \xe2\x80\x94 Hun- \nter\'s Order of Assessment \xe2\x80\x94 Hunter declares Martial Law \xe2\x80\x94 Order relating to \nNewspapers \xe2\x80\x94 Halleck succeeds Hunter \xe2\x80\x94 Halleck\'s Order 81 \xe2\x80\x94 Similar order by \nHalleck \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County Standard confiscated \xe2\x80\x94 Execution of prisoners at Macon \nand Palmyra \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Swing\'s Order No. 11 \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Rosecrans takes command \xe2\x80\x94 Mas- \nsacre at Centralia \xe2\x80\x94 Death of Bill Anderson \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Dodge succeeds Gen. Rose- \ncrans \xe2\x80\x94 List of Battles, \n\n" Lastly stood war \xe2\x80\x94 \nWith visage grim, stern looks, and blackly hued, \n\n******* \n\nAh ! why will kings forget that they are men? \nAnd men that they are brethren? Why delight \nIn human sacrifice? Why burst the ties \nOf nature, that should knit their souls together \nIn one soft bond of amity and love?" \n\nPort Sumter was fired upon April 12, 186 1. On April 15tli, Presi- \ndent Lincoln issued a proclamation calling for 75,000 men, from the \nthe militia of the several States, to suppress combinations in the South- \nern States therein named. Simultaneously therewith, the Secretary of \nWar sent a telegram to all the governors of the States, excepting \nthose mentioned in the proclamation, requesting them to detail a cer- \ntain iramber of militia to serve for three months, Missouri\'s quota \nbeing four regiments. \n\nIn response to this telegram. Gov. Jackson sent the following answer : \n\nExecutive Department of Missouri, \nJefferson City, April 17, 1861. \nTo the Hon. Simon Cameron, Secretary of War, Washington, D.C.: \nSir: Your dispatch of the 15th inst., making a call on Missouri for \n\n\n\n44 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nfour regiments of men for immediate service, has been received. There \ncan be, I apprehend, no doubt but these men are intended to form a \npart of the President\'s army to make war upon the people of the \nseceded States. Your requisition, in my judgment, is illegal, unconsti- \ntutional, and can not be complied with. Not one man will the State of \nMissouri furnish to carry on such an unholy war. \n\nC. F. Jackson, \n\nGovernor of Missouri. \n\nApril 21, 1861. U. S. Arsenal at Liberty was seized by order of \nGovernor Jackson. \n\nApril 22, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation convening \nthe Legislature of Missouri, on May following, in extra session, to take \ninto consideration the momentous issues which were presented, and \nthe attitude to be assumed by the State in the impending struggle. \n\nOn the 22nd of April, 1861, the Adjutant-General of Missouri issued \nthe following military order : \n\nHeadquarters Adjutant-General\'s Oefice, Mo., \nJefferson City, April 22, 1861. \n{General Orders JVo. 7.) \n\nI. To attain a greater degree of efficiency and perfection in organ- \nization and discipline, the Commanding Officers of the several Military \ndistricts in this State, having four or more legally organized compa- \nnies therein, whose armories are within fifteen miles of each other, will \nassemble their respective commands at some place to be by them sever- \nally designated, on the 3rd day of May, and to go into an encampment \nfor a period of six days, as provided by law. Captains of companies \nnot organized into battalions will report the strength of their compa- \nnies immediately to these headquarters, and await further orders. \n\nII. The Quartermaster-General will procure and issue to Quarter- \nmasters of Districts, for these commands not now provided for, all \nnecessary tents and camp equipage, to enal^le the commanding officers \nthereof to carry the foregoing orders into effect. \n\nIII. The Light Battery now attached to the Southwest Battalion, \nand one company of mounted riflemen, including all officers and sol- \ndiers belonging to the First District, will proceed forthwith to St. Louis, \nand report to Gen. D. M. Frost for duty. The remaining companies \nof said battalion will be disbanded for the purpose of assisting in the \norganization of companies upon that frontier. The details in the exe- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 45 \n\ncution of the foregoing are intrusted to Lieutenant-Colonel John S. \nBowen, commandiug the Battalion. \n\nIV. The strength, organization, and equipment of the several com- \npanies in the District will be reported at once to these Headquarters, \nand District Inspectors will furnish all information which may be ser- \nviceable in ascertaining the condition of the State forces. \nBj order of the Governor. \n\nWarwick Hough, \nAdjutant- General of Missouri. \n\nMay 2, 1861. The Legislature convened in extra session. Many < \nacts were passed, among which was one to authorize the Governor to \n-purchase or lease David Ballentine\'s foundry at Boonville, for the man- \nufacture of arms and munitions of war ; to authorize the Governor to \nappoint one Major-Geueral ; to authorize the Governor, when, in his \nopinion, the security and welfare of the State required it, to take pos- \nsession of the railroad and telegraph lines of the State ; to provide for \nthe organization, government, and support of the military forces; to \nborrow one million of dollars to arm and equip the militia of the State \nto repel invasion, and protect the lives and property of the people. \nAn act was also passed creating a " Military Fund," to consist of all \nthe money then in the treasury or that might thereafter be received \nfrom the one-tenth of one per cent, on the hundred dollars, levied by \nact of November, 1857, to complete certain railroads ; also the pro- \nceeds of a tax of fifteen cents on the hundred dollars of the assessed \nvalue of the taxable property of the several counties in the State, and \nthe proceeds of the two-mill tax, which had been theretofore appro- \npriated for educational purposes. \n\nMay 3, 1861. " Camp Jackson" was organized. \n\nMay 10, 1861. Sterling Price appointed Major-General of State \nGuard. \n\nMay 10, 1861. General Frost, commanding " Camp J.nckson," ad- \ndressed General N. Lyon, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nHeadquarters Camp Jackson, Missouri Militia, May 10, 1861. \nCapt. N. Lyon, Commanding U. 8. Troops in and about St. Louis \nArsenal: \n\nSir : I am constantly in receipt of information that you contem- \nplate an attack upon my camp, whilst I understand that you are im- \npressed with the idea that an attack upon the Arsenal and United \n^States troops is intended on the part of the Militia of Missouri. I am \n\n\n\n46 HISTORY OF MISSOUKI. \n\ngreatly at a loss to know what could justify yon in attacking citizens \nof the United States, who are in lawful performance of their duties, \ndevolving upon them under the Constitution in organizing and instruct- \ning the militia of the State in obedience to her laws, and, therefore, \nhave been disposed to doubt the correctness of the information I have \nreceived. \n\nI would be glad to know from you personally whether there is any \ntruth in the statements that are constantly pouring into my ears. So \nfar as regards any hostility being intended toward the United States, \nor its property or representatives by any portion of my command, or, \nas far as I can learn (and I think I am fully informed), of any other \npart of the State forces, I can positively say that the idea has never \nbeen entertained. On the contrary, prior to your taking command of \nthe Arsenal, I proffered to Major Bell, then in command of the very \nfew troops constituting its guard, the services of myself and all my \ncommand, and, if necessary, the whole power of the State, to protect \nthe United States in the full possession of all her property. Upon \nGeneral Harnej^ taking command of this department, I made the same \nproffer of services to him, and authorized his Adjutant-General, Capt. \nWilliams, to communicate the fact that such had been done to the \nWar Department. I have had no occasion since to change any of the \nviews I entertained at the time, neither of my own volition nor through \norders of ray constitutional commander. \n\n1 trust that after this explicit statement that we may be able, by \nfully understanding each other, to keep far from our borders the mis- \nfortunes which so unhappily affect our common country. \n\nThis communication will be handed you by Colonel Bowen, my \nChief of Staff, who will be able to explain anything not fully set forth \nin the foregoing. \n\nI am, sir, very respectfully your obedient servant. \n\nBrigadier-Gkneral D. M. Frost, \nCoinmanding Camp Jackson, M. V. M. \n\nMay 10, 1861. Gen. Lyon sent the following to Gen. Frost: \n\nHeadquarters United States Troops, \nSt. Louis, Mo., May 10, 1861. \nGen. D. M. Frost, Gommanding Camp Jackson: \n\nSir : Your command is regarded as evidently hostile toward the \nGovernment of the United States. \n\nIt is, for the most part, made up of those Secessionists who have \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF MISSOURI. 47 \n\nopenly avowed their hostility to the Greneral Government, and have \nbeen plotting at the seizure of its property and the overthrow of its \nauthority. You are openly in communication with the so-called \nSouthern Confederacy, which is now at war with the United States, \nand you are receiving at your camp, from the said Confederacy and \nunder its flag, large supplies of the material of war, most of which is \nknown to be the property of the United States. These extraordinary \npreparations plainly indicate none other than the well-known purpose \nof the Governor of this State, under whose orders you are acting, and \nwhose communication to the Legislature has just been responded to \nby that body in the most unparalleled legislation, having in direct \nview hostilities to the General Government and co-operation with its \nenemies. \n\nIn view of these considerations, and of your failure to disperse in \nobedience to the proclamation of the President, and of the imminent \nnecessities of State policy and warfare, and the obligations imposed \nupon me by instructions from Washington, it is my duty to demand, \nand I do hereby demand of you an immediate surrender of your com- \nmand, with no other conditions than that all persons surrendering \nunder this command shall be humanely and kindly treated. Believing \nmyself prepared to enforce this demand, one-half hour\'s time before \ndoing so will be allowed for your compliance therewith. \n\nVery respectfully, your obedient servant, \n\nN. Lyon, \nCaptain Second Infantry, Commanding Troops. \n\nMay 10, 1861. Camp Jackson surrendered and prisoners all \nreleased excepting Capt. Emmet McDonald, who refused to subscribe \nto the parole. \n\nMay 12, 1861. Brigadier-General Wm. S. Harney issued a procla- \nmation to the people of Missouri, saying " he would carefully abstain \nfrom the exercise of any unnecessary powers," and only use "the \nmilitary force stationed in this district in the last resort to preserve \npeace." \n\nMay 14, 1861. General Harney issued a second proclamation. \n\nMay 21, 1861. General Harney held a conference with General \nSterling Price, of the Missouri State Guards. \n\nMay 31, 1861. General Harney superseded by General Lyon. \n\nJune 11, 1861. A second conference was held between the National \nand State authorities in St. Louis, which resulted in nothing. \n\n\n\n48 HSTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nJune 11, 1861. Gov. Jackson left St. Louis for Jeflferson City, \nburning the railroad bridges behind him, and cutting telegraph wires. \n\nJune 12, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation calling \ninto active service 50,000 militia, "to repel invasion, protect life, \nproperty," etc. \n\nJune 15, 1861, Col. F. P. Blair took possession of the State Capi- \ntal, Gov. Jackson, Gen. Price and other officers having left. on the I3th \nof June for Boonville. \n\nJune 17, 1861. Battle of Boonville took place between the forces \n^f Gen. Lyon and Col. John S. Marmaduke. \n\nJune 18, 1861. General Lyon issued a proclamation to the people \nof Missouri. \n\nJuly 5, 1861. Battle at Carthage between the forces of Gen. Sigel \nand Gov. Jackson. \n\nJuly 6, 1861. Gen. Lyon reached Springfield. \n\nJuly 22, 1861. State convention met and declared the offices of \n\xe2\x80\xa2Governor, Lieutenant-Governor and Secretary of State vacated. \n\nJuly 26, 1861. Gen. John C. Fremont assumed command of the \nWestern Department, with headquarters in St. Louis. \n\nJuly 31, 1861. Lieutenant-Governor Thomas C. Eeynolds issued \n~si proclamation at New Madrid. \n\nAugust 1, 1861. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation at \nBloomfield. \n\nAugust 2, 1861. Battle of Dug Springs, between Captain Steelef\'s \nforces and General Rains. \n\nAugust 5, 1861. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation at New \nMadrid. \n\nAugust 5, 1861. Battle of Athens. \n\nAugust 10, 1861 Battle of Wilson\'s Creek, between the forces \nunder General Lyon and General McCuUoch. Li this engagement \nGeneral Lyon was killed. General Sturgis succeeded General Lyon. \n\nAugust 12, 1861. McCulloch issued a proclamation, and soon left \nMissouri. \n\nAugust 20, 1861. General Price issued a proclamation. \n\nAugust 24, 1861. Governor Gamble issued a proclamation calling \nfor 32,000 men for six mouths to protect the property and lives of the \ncitizens of the State. \n\nAugust 30, 1861. General Fremont declared martial law, and \n-declared that the slaves of all persons who should thereafter take an \n.active part with the enemies of the Government\' should be free. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 49 \n\nSeptember 2, 1861. General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation \nin response to Fremont\'s proclamation. \n\nSeptember 7, 1861. Battle at Drjvvood Creek. \n\nSeptember 11, 1861. President Lincoln modified the clause in Gen. \nFremont\'s declaration of martial law, in reference to the confiscation \nof property and liberation of slaves. \n\nSeptember 12, 1861. General Price begins the attack at Lexing- \nton on Colonel Mulligan\'s\' forces. \n\nSeptember 20, 1861. Colonel Mulligan with 2,640 men surren- \ndered. \n\nOctober 25, 1861. Second battle at Springfield. \n\nOctober 28, 1861. Passage bv Governor Jackson\'s Legislature, \nat Neosho, of an ordinance of secession. \n\nNovember 2, 1861. General Fremont succeeded by General David \nHunter. \n\nNovember 7, 1861. General Grant attacked Belmont. \n\nNovember 9, 1861. General Hunter succeeded by General Halleck, \nwho took command on the 19th of same month, with headquarters in \nSt. Louis. \n\nNovember 27, 1861. General Price issued proclamation callino- for \n50,000 men, at Neosho, Missouri. \n\nDecember 12, 1861. General Hunter issued his order of assess- \nment upon certain wealthy citizens in St. Louis, for feeding and cloth- \ning; Union refuoees. \n\nDecember 23-25. Declared martial law in St. Louis and the \ncountry adjacent, and covering all the railroad lines \n\nMarch 6, 1862. Battle at Pea Eidge between the forces under Gen- \nerals Curtis and Van Dorn. \n\nJanuary 8, 1862. Provost Marshal Farrar, of St. Louis, issued the \nfollowing order in reference to newspapers : \n\nOffice of the Provost Marshal, ^ \n\nGeneral Department of Missouri, > \nSt. Louis, January 8, 1862. j \n(General Order No. 10.) \n\nIt is hereby ordered that from and after this date the publishers of \nnewspapers in the State of Missouri (St. Louis City papers excepted), \nfurnish to this office, immediately upon publication, one copy of each \nissue, for inspection. A failure to comply with this order will render \nthe newspaper liable to suppression. \n\n\n\n50 , HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nLocal Provost Marshals will furnish the proprietors with copies of \nthis order, and attend to its immediate enforcement. \n\nBernard G. Farrar, \nProvost Marshal General. \n\nJanuary 26, 1862. General Halleck issued order (No. 18) which \nforbade, among other things, the display of Secession flags in the \nhands of women or on carriages, in the vicinity of the military prison \nin McDovvell\'s College, the carriages to be confiscated and the oflend- \ning women to be arrested. \n\nFebruary 4, 1862. General Halleck issued another order similar to \nOrder No. 18, to railroad companies and to the professors and direct- \nors of the State University at Columbia, forbidding the funds of the \ninstitution to be used " to teach treason or to instruct traitors." \n\nFebruary 20, 1862. Special Order No. 120 convened a military \ncommission, which sat in Columbia, March following, and tried Ed- \nmund J. Ellis, of Columbia, editor and proprietor of " The Boone \nCounty Standard,\'\'\'\' for the publication of information for the benefit \nof the enemy, and encouraging resistance to the United States Gov- \nernment. Ellis was found guilty, was banished during the war from \nMissouri, and his printing materials confiscated and sold. \n\nApril, 1862. General Halleck left for Corinth, Mississippi, leaving \nGeneral Schofield in command. \n\nJune, 1862. Battle at Cherry Grove between the forces under \nColonel Joseph C. Porter and Colonel H. S. Lijiscomb. \n\nJune, 1862. Battle at Pierce\'s Mill between the forces under Major \nJohn Y. Clopper and Colonel Porter. \n\nJuly 22, 1862. Battle at Florida. \n\nJuly 28, 1862. Battle at Moore\'s Mill. \n\nAugust 6, 1862. Battle near Kirksville. \n\nAugust 11, 1862. Battle at Independence. \n\nAugust 16, 1862. Battle at Lone Jack. \n\nSeptember 13, 1862. Battle at Newtonia. \n\nSeptember 25, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners were executed at \nMacon, by order of General Merrill. \n\nOctober 18, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners executed at Palmyra, \nby order of General McNeill. \n\nJanuary 8, 1868. Battle at Springfield between the forces of Gen- \neral Marmaduke and General E. B. Brown. \n\nApril 26, 1863. Battle at Cape Girardeau. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 51 \n\nAugust \xe2\x80\x94 , 1863. General Jeff. Thompson captured at Pocahontas, \nArkansas, with his staff. \n\nAugust 25, 1863. General Thomas Ewing issued his celebrated \nOrder No. 11, at Kansas City, Missouri, which is as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nHeadquarters District or the Border, > \nKansas City, Mo., August 25, 1863. \\ \n(General Order No. 11.) \n\nFirst. \xe2\x80\x94 All persons living in Cass, Jackson and Bates Counties,. \nMissouri, and in that part of Vernon included in this district, except \nthose living within one mile of the limits of Independence, Hickman\'s \nMills, Pleasant Hill and Harrisonville, and except those in that part \nof Kaw Township, Jackson County, north of Brush Creek and west \nof the Big Blue, embracing Kansas City and Westport, are hereby \nordered to remove from their present places of residence within fifteen \ndays from the date hereof. \n\nThose who, within that time, establish their loyalty to the satisfac- \ntion of the commanding officer of the military station nearest their \npresent place of residence, will receive from him certificates stating \nthe fact of their loyalty, and the names of the witnesses by whom it \ncan be shown. All who receive such certificate will be permitted to \nremove to any military station in this district, or to any part of the \nState of Kansas, except the counties on the eastern borders of the \nState. All others shall remove out of this district. Officers com- \nmanding companies and detachments serving in the counties named, \nwill see that this paragraph is promptly obeyed. \n\nSecond. \xe2\x80\x94 All grain and hay in the field, or under shelter, in the \ndistrict from which the inhabitants are required to remove within reach \nof military stations, after the 9th day of September next, will be \ntaken to such stations and turned over to the proper officer there, and \nreport of the amount so turned over made to district headquarters, \nspecifying the names of all loyal owners and the amount of such \nproduce taken from them. All grain and hay found in such district \nafter the 9th day of September next, not convenient to such stations, \nwill be destroyed. \n\nThird. \xe2\x80\x94 The provisions of General Order No. 10, from these \nheadquarters, will at once be vigorously executed by officers com- \nmanding in the parts of the district, and at the stations not subject to \nthe operations of paragraph First of this Order \xe2\x80\x94 and especially m \nthe towns of Independence- Westport and Kansas City. \n\n\n\n52 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nFourth. \xe2\x80\x94 Paragraph 3, General Order No. 10, is revoked as to all \nwho have borne arms against the Government in the district since \nAugust 20, 1863. \n\nBy order of Brigadier-General Ewing : \n\nH. Hannahs, Adjutant. \n\nOctober 13. Battle of Marshall. \n\nJanuary, 1864. General Rosecrans takes command of the Depart- \nment. \n\nSeptember, 1864. Battle at Pilot. Knob, Harrison and Little Mo- \nreau River. \n. October 5, 1864. \nfarm. \n\nOctober 8, 1864. \n\nOctober 20, 1864. \n\nSeptember 27, 1864. \nderson. \n\nOctober 27, 1864. Captain Bill Anderson killed. \n\nDecember \xe2\x80\x94 , 1864. General Rosecrans relieved \nDodge appointed to succeed him. \n\nNothing occurred specially, of a military charactei-, in the State after \nDecember, 1864. We have, in the main, given the facts as they \noccurred Avithout comment or entering into details. Many of tlie \nminor incidents and skirmishes of the war have been omitted because \nof our limited space. \n\nIt is utterly impossible, at this date, to give the names and dates of \nall the battles fought in Missouri during the Civil War. It will be \nfound, however, that the list given below, which has been arranged for \n<jonvenieMce, contains the prominent battles and skirmishes which took \nplace within the State : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nBattle at Prince\'s Ford and James Gordon\'s \n\nBattle at Glasgow. \nBattle at Little Blue Creek. \n\nMassacre at Centralia, by Captain Bill Au- \n\n\n\nand General \n\n\n\nPotosi, May 14, 18fil. \nBoonville, June 17, 1861. \nCarthage, July 5, 1861. \nMonroe Station, July 10, 1861. \nOverton\'s Run, July 17, 1861. \nDug Spring, August 2, 1861. \nWilson\'s Creek, August 10, 1861. \nAthens, August 5, 1861. \nMoreton, August 20, 1861. \nBennett\'s Mills, September \xe2\x80\x94 , 1861. \nDrywood Creek, September 7, 1861. \nNorfolk, September 10, 1861. \nXexington, September 12-20, 1861. \n\n\n\nBlue Mills Landing, September 17, 1861. \nGlaisgow Mistake, September 20, 1861. \nOsceola, September 25, 1861. \nShanghai, October 13, 1861. \nLebanon, October 13, 1861. \nLinn Creek, October 16, 1861. \nBig River Bridge, October 15, 1861. \nFredericktown, October 21, 1861. \nSpringfield, October 25, 1861. \nBelmont, November 7, 1861. \nPiketon, November 8, 1861. \nLittle Blue, November 10, 1861. \nClark\'s Station, November 11, 1861. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\n53 \n\n\n\nMt. Zion Church, December 28, 1861. \nSilver Creek, January 15, 1862. \nNew Madrid, February 28, 1862. \nPea Ridge, March 6, 1862. \nNeosho, April 22, 1862. \nRose Hill, July 10, 1862. \nChariton River, July 30, 1862. \nCherry Grove, June \xe2\x80\x94 , 1862. \nPierce\'s Mill, June \xe2\x80\x94 , 1862. \nFlorida, July 22, 1862. \nMoore\'s Mill, July 28, 1862. \nKirksville, August 6, 1862. \nCorapton\'s Ferry, August 8, 1862. \nYellovr Creek, August 13, 1862. \nIndependence, August 11, 1862. \n\n\n\nLone Jack, August 16, 1862. \nNewtonia, September 13, 1862. \nSpringfield, January 8, 1863. \nCape Girardeau, April 29, 1863. \nMarshall, October 13, 1863. \nPilot Knob, September \xe2\x80\x94 , 1864. \nHarrison, September \xe2\x80\x94 , 1864. \nMoreau River, October 7, 1864. \nPrince\'s Ford, October 5, 1864. \nGlasgow, October 8, 1864. \nLittle Blue Creek, October 20, 1864. \nAlbany, October 27, 1864. \nNear Rocheport, September 23, 1864. \nCentralia, September 27, 1864. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER IX. \n\n\n\nEARLY MILITARY RECORD. \n\n\n\nBlack Hawk War \xe2\x80\x94 Mormon Difliculties \xe2\x80\x94 Florida War \xe2\x80\x94 Mexican War. \n\nOn the fourteenth day of May, 1832, a bloody engagement took \nplace between the regular forces of the United States, and a part of \nthe Sacs, Foxes, and Winnebago Indians, commanded by Black \nHawk and Keokuk, near Dixon\'s Ferry in Illinois. \n\nThe Governor (John Miller) of Missouri, fearing these savages \nwould invade the soil of his State, ordered Major-General Eichard \nGentry to raise one thousand volunteers for the defence of the fron- \ntier. Five companies were at once raised in Boone county, and in \nCallaway, Montgomery, St. Charles, Lincoln, Pike, Marion, Ralls, \nClay and Monroe other companies were raised. \n\nTwo of these companies, commanded respectively by Captain John \nJamison of Callaway, and Captain David M. Hickman of Boone \ncounty, were mustered into service in July for thirty days, and put \nunder command of Major Thomas W. Conyers. \n\nThis detachment, accompanied by General Gentry, arrived at Fort \nPike on the 15th of July, 1832. Finding that the Indians had not \ncrossed the Mississippi into Missouri, General Gentry returned to \nColumbia, leaving the fort in charge of Major Conyers. Thirty days \nhaving expired, the command under Major Conyers was relieved by two \n\n\n\n54 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nother companies under Captains Sinclair Kirtley, of Boone, and Patrick \nEwing, of Callaway. This detachment was marched to Fort Pike by \nCol. Austin A. King, who conducted the two companies under Major \nConyers home. Major Couyers was left in charge of the fort, where \nhe remained till September following, at which time the Indian troub- \nles, so far as Missouri was concerned, having all subsided, the frontier \nforces were mustered out of service. \n\nBlack Hawk continued the war in Iowa and Illinois, and was finally \ndefeated and captured in 1833. \n\nMORMON DIFFICULTIES. \n\nIn 1832, Joseph Smith, the leader of the Mormons, and the chosen \nprophet and apostle, as he claimed, of the Most High, came with \nmany followers to Jackson county, Missouri, where they located and \nentered several thousand acres of land. \n\nThe object of his coming so far West \xe2\x80\x94 upon the very outskirts of \ncivilization at that time \xe2\x80\x94 was to more securely establish his church, \nand the more effectively to instruct his followers in its peculiar tenets \nand practices. \n\nUpon the present town site of Independence the Mormons located \ntheir " Zion," and gave it the name of "The New Jerusalem." \nThey published here the Evening Star, and made themselves gener- \nally obnoxious to the Gentiles, who were then in a minority, by their \ndenunciatory articles through their paper, their clanuishness and their \npolygamous practices. \n\nDreading the demoralizing influence of a paper which seemed to be \ninspired only with hatred and malice toward them, the Gentiles \nthrew the press and type into the Missouri River, tarred and feathered \none of their bishops, and otherwise gave the Mormons and their lead- \ners to understand that they must conduct themselves in an entirely \ndifferent manner if they wished to be let alone. \n\nAfter the destruction of their paper and press, they became fu- \nriously incensed, and sought many opportunities for retaliation. Mat- \nters continued in an uncertain condition until the 31st of October, \n1833, when a deadly conflict occurred near Westport, in which two \nGentiles and one Mormon were killed. \n\nOn the 2d of October following the Mormons were over^Dowered, \nand compelled to lay down their arms and agree to leave the county \nwith their families by January 1st on the condition that the owner \nwould be paid for his printing press. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 55 \n\nLeaving Jackson county, they crossed the Missouri and located in \nClay, Carroll, Caldwell and other counties, and selected in Caldwell \ncounty a town site, which they called " Far West," and where they \nentered more land for their future homes. \n\nThrough the influence of their missionaries, who were exertino- \nthemselves in the East and in different portions of Europe, converts \nhad constantly flocked to their standard, and " Far West," and other \nMormon settlements, rapidly prospered. \n\nIn 1837 they commenced the erection ot a m-agnificent temple, but \nnever finished it. As their settlements increased in numbers, they \nbecame bolder in their practices and deeds of lawlessness. \n\nDuring the summer of 1838 two of their leaders settled in the town \nof De Witt, on the Missouri River, having purchased the land from \nan Illinois merchant. De Witt was in Carroll county, and a o-ood \n\npoint from which to forward goods and immigrants to their town \n\nFar West. \n\nUpon its being ascertained that these parties were Mormon leaders \nthe Grentiles called a public meeting, which was addressed by some of \nthe prominent citizens of the county. Nothing, however, was done at \nthis meeting, but at a subsequent meeting, which was held a few days \nafterward, a committee of citizens was appointed to notify Col. Hin- \nkle (one of the Mormon leaders at De Witt),, what they intended to \ndo. \n\nCol. Hinkle upon being notified by this committee became indig- \nnant, and threatened extermination to all who should attempt to molest \nhim or the Saints. \n\nIn anticipation of trouble, and believing that the Gentiles would \nattempt to force them from De Witt, Mormon recruits flocked to the \ntown from every direction, and pitched their tents in and around the \ntown in great numbers. \n\nThe Gentiles, nothing daunted, planned an attack upon this en- \ncampment, to take place on the 21st day of September, 1838, and, \naccordingly, one hundred and fifty men bivouacked near the town on \nthat day, A conflict ensued, but nothing serious occurred. \n\nThe Mormons evacuated their works and fled to some loo- houses, \nwhere they could the more successfully resist the Gentiles, who had \nin the meantime returned to their camp to await reinforcements. \' \nTroops from Saline, Eay and other counties came to their assist- \nance, and increased their number to five hundred men. \n\nCongreve Jackson was chosen Brigadier- General ; Ebenezer Price, \n\n\n\n56 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nColonel ; Singleton Vaughan, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Sarshel Woods, \nMajor. After some days of discipline, this brigade prepared for an \nassault, but before the attack was commenced Judge James Earickson \nand William F. Dunnica, influential citizens of Howard county, asked \npermission of General Jackson to let them try and adjust the difficul- \nties without any bloodshed. \n\nIt was finally agreed that Judge Earickson should propose to the \nMormons, that if they would pay for all the cattle they had killed be- \nlonging to the citizens, and load their wagons. during the night and be \nready to move by ten o\'clock next morning, and make no further \nattempt to settle in Carroll county, the citizens would purchase at \nfirst cost their lots in De Witt and one or two adjoining tracts of \nland. \n\nCol. Hinkle, the leader of the Mormons, at first refused all attempts \nto settle the difficulties in this way, but finally agreed to the proposi- \ntion. \n\nIn accordance therewith, the Mormons without further delay, \nloaded up their wagons for the town of Far West, in Caldwell county. \nWhether the terms of the agreement were ever carried out, on the \npart of the citizens, is not known. \n\nThe Mormons had doubtless suffered much and in many ways \xe2\x80\x94 the \nresult of their own acts \xe2\x80\x94 but their trials and sufferings were not at \nan end. \n\nIn 1838 the discord between the citizens and Mormons became so \ngreat that Governor Boggs issued a proclamation ordering Major- \nGeneral David R. Atchison to call the militia of his division to enforce \nthe laws. He called out a part of the first brigade of the Missouri \nState Militia, under command of Gen. A. W. Doniphan, who pro- \nceeded to the seat of war. Gen. John B. Clark, of Howard county, \nwas placed in command of the militia. \n\nThe Mormon forces numbered about 1,000 men, and were led by \nG. W. Hinkle. The first engagement occurred at Crooked river, \nwhere one Mormon was killed. The principal fight took place at \nHaughn\'s Mills, where eighteen Mormons were killed and the balance \ncaptured, some of them being killed after they had surrendered. \nOnly one militiaman was wounded. \n\nIn the month of October, 1838, Joe Smith surrendered the town of \nFar West to Gen. Doniphan, agreeing to his conditions, viz. : That \nthey should deliver up their arms, surrender their prominent leaders \nfor trial, and the remainder of the Mormons should, with their \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\n57 \n\n\n\nfamilies, leave the State. Indictments were found against a number \nof these leaders, including Joe Smith, who, while being taken to \nBoone county for trial, made his escape, and was afterward, in 1844, \nkilled at Carthage, Illinois, with his brother Hiram. \n\nFLORIDA WAR. \n\nIn September, 1837, the Secretary of War issued a requisition on \nGovernor Boggs, of Missouri, for six hundred volunteers for service \nin Florida against the Seminole Indians, with whom the Creek nation \nhad made common cause under Osceola. \n\nThe first regiment was chiefly raised in Boone county by Colonel \nEichard Gentry, of which he was elected Colonel ; John W. Price, of \nHoward county, Lieutenant-Colonel ; Harrison H. Hughes, also of \nHoward, Major. Four companies of the second regiment were raised \nand attached to the first. Two of these companies were composed of \nDelaware and Osao;e Indians. \n\nOctober 6, 1837, Col. Gentry\'s regiment left Columbia for the seat \nof war, stopping on the way at Jefl\'erson barracks, where they were \nmustered into service. \n\nArriving at Jackson barracks. New Orleans, they were from thence \ntransported in brigs across the Gulf to Tampa Bay, Florida. Gen- \neral Zuchary Taylor, who then commanded in Florida, ordered Col. \nGentry to march to Okee-cho-bee Lake, one hundred and thirty-five \nmiles inland by the route traveled. Having reached the Kissemmee \nriver, seventy miles distant, a bloody battle ensued, in which Col. \nGentry was killed. The Missourians, though losing their gallant \nleader, continued the fight until the Indians were totally routed, leav- \ning mau}^ of their dead and wounded on tlie field. There being no \nfurther service required of the Missourians, they returned to their \nhomes in 1838. \n\nMEXICAN WAR. \n\nSoon after Mexico declared war, against the United States, on the \n8th and 9th of May, 1846, the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la \nPalma were fought. Great excitement prevailed throughout the \ncountry. In none of her sister States, however, did the fires of \npatriotism burn more intensely than in Missouri. Not waiting for the \ncall for volunteers, the " St. Louis Legion " hastened to the field of \nconflict. The " Legion " was commanded by Colonel A. R. Easton. \nDuring the month of May, 1846, Governor Edwards, of Missouri^ \n\n\n\n58 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\ncalled for volunteers to join the "Army of the West," an expedition \nto Sante Fe \xe2\x80\x94 under command of General Stephen W. Kearney. \n\nFort Leavenworth was the appointed rendezvous for the volunteers. \nBy the 18th of June, the full complement of companies to compose \nthe first regiment had arrived from Jackson, Lafayette, Clay, Sa- \nline, Franklin, Cole, Howard and Callaway counties. Of this regi- \nment, A. W. Doniphan was made Colonel ; C. F. KufF, Lieutenant- \nColonel, and Wm. Gilpin, Major. The battalion of light artillery \nfrom St. Louis was commanded by Captains R. A. Weightman and \nA. W. Fischer, with Major M. L. Clark as field officer; battalions of \ninfantry from Platte and Cui^ counties commanded by Captains \nMurphy and W. Z. Augney respectively, and the " Laclede Rangers," \nfrom St, Louis, by Captain Thomas B. Hudson, aggregating all told, \nfrom Missouri, 1,658 men. In the summer of 1846 Hon. Sterling \nPrice resigned his seat in Congress and raised one mounted regiment, \none mounted extra battalion, and one extra battalion of Mormon in- \nfantry to reinforce the "Army of the West." Mr. Price was made \nColonel, and D. D. Mitchell Lieutenant-Colonel. \n\nIn August, 1847, Governor Edwards made another requisition for \none thousand men, to consist of infantry. The regiment was raised \nat once. John Dougherty, of Clay county, was chosen Colonel, but \nbefore the reo;iment marched the President countermandetJ the order. \n\nA company of mounted volunteers was raised in Ralls county, com- \nmanded by Captain Wm. T. Lafland. Conspicuous among the en- \ngagements in which the Missouri volunteers participated in Mexico \nwere the battles of Bracito, Sacramento, Canada, El Embudo, Taos \nand Santa Cruz de Rosales. The forces from Missouri w^ere mustered \nout in 1848, and will ever be remembered in the history of the Mexi- \ncan war, for \n\n"A thousand glorious actions that might claim \nTriumphant laurels and immortal fame. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or MISSOURI. 59 \n\nCHAPTEK X. \n\nAORICULTURE AND MATERIAL WEALTH. \n\nMissouri as an Agricultural State \xe2\x80\x94 The Different Crops \xe2\x80\x94 Live Stock \xe2\x80\x94 Horses \xe2\x80\x94 \nMules \xe2\x80\x94 Milch Cows \xe2\x80\x94 Oxen and other Cattle\xe2\x80\x94 Sheep \xe2\x80\x94 Hogs \xe2\x80\x94 Comparisons \xe2\x80\x94 \nMissouri adapted to Live Stock \xe2\x80\x94 Cotton \xe2\x80\x94 Broom-Corn and other Products \xe2\x80\x94 \nFruits \xe2\x80\x94 Berries \xe2\x80\x94 Grapes \xe2\x80\x94 Railroads\xe2\x80\x94 First Neigh of the " Iron Horse " in Mis- \nsouri \xe2\x80\x94 Names of Railroads \xe2\x80\x94 Manufactures \xe2\x80\x94 Great Bridge at St. Louis. \n\nAo-riculture is the o-reatest amons; all the arts of man, as it is the \nfirst in supplying his necessities. It favors and strengthens popula- \ntion ; it creates and maintains manufactures ; gives employment to \nnavigation and furnishes materials to commerce. It animates every \nspecies of industry, and opens to nations the safest channels of \nwealth. It is the strongest bond of well regulated society, the surest \nbasis of internal peace, and the natural associate of correct morals. \nAmong all the occupations and professions of life, there is none more \nhonorable, none more independent, and none more conducive to health \nand happiness. \n\n" In ancient times the sacred plow employ\'d \nThe kings, and awful fathers of mankind ; \nAnd some, with whom compared your insect tribes \nAre but the beings of a summer\'s day. ^ \n\nHave held the scale of empire, rult>d the storm \n\nOf mighty war with unwearied hand,. \n. Disdaining little delicacies, seized \n\nThe plow and greatly independent lived." \n\nAs an agricultural region, Missouri is not surpassed by any State in \nthe Union. It is indeed the farmer\'s kingdom, where he always reaps \nan abundant harvest. The soil, in many portions of the State, has \nan open, flexible structure, quickly absorbs the most excessive rains, \nand retains moisture with great tenacity. This being the case, it is \nnot so easily affected by drouth. The prairies are covered with sweet, \nluxuriant grass, equally good for grazing and hay ; grass not sur- \npassed by the Kentucky blue grass \xe2\x80\x94 the best of clover and timothy \nin g-rowins: and fattenino; cattle. This grass is now as full of life-giv- \ning nutriment as it was when cropped by the buffalo, the elk, the an- \ntelope, and the deer, and costs the herdsman nothing. \n\n\n\n60 HISTORY or MISSOURI. \n\nNo State or territory has a more complete and rapid system of nat- \nural drainage, or a more abundant supply of pure, fresh water than \nMissouri. Both man and beast may slake their thirst from a thousand \nperennial fountains, which gush in limpid streams from the hill-sides, \nand wend their way through verdant valleys and along smiling prai- \nries, varying in size, as they onward flow, from the diminutive brooklet \nto the giant river. \n\nHere, nature has generously bestowed her attractions of climate, \nsoil and scenery to please and gratify man while earning his bread in \nthe sweat of his brow. Being thus munificently endowed, Missouri \noffers superior inducements to the farmer, and bids him enter her \nbroad domain and avail himself of her varied resources. \n\nWe present here a table showing the product of each principal crop \nin Missouri for 1878 : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nIndian Corn 93,062,000 bushels. \n\nWheat 20,196,000 \n\nEye 732,000 \n\nOats 19,584,000 \n\nBuckwheat , 46,400 \n\nPotatoes 5,415,000 \n\nTobacco 23,028,000 pounds. \n\nHay 1,620,000 tons. \n\nThere were 3,552,000 acres in corn; wheat, 1,836,000; rye\xc2\xbb \n48,800; oats, 640,000; buckwheat, 2,900; potatoes, 72,200; to- \nbacco, 29,900; hay, 850,000. Value of each crop: corn, $24,196,- \n224; wheat, $13,531,320; rye, $300,120; oats, $3,325,120; buck- \nwheat, $24,128; potatoes, $2,057,700; tobacco, $1,151,150; hay\xc2\xbb \n$10,416,600. \n\nAverage cash value of crops per acre, $7.69 ; average yield of corn \nper acre, 26 bushels ; wheat, 11 bushels. \n\nNext in importance to the corn crop in value is live stock. The fol- \nlowing table shows the number of horses, mules, and milch cows in \nthe diff"erent States for 1879 : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or MISSOURI. \n\n\n\n61 \n\n\n\nStates. \n\n\n\nMaine \n\nNew Hampshire. \n\nVermont \n\nMassachusetts.... \n\nEhodef Island \n\nConnecticut \n\nNew York \n\nNew Jersey \n\nPennsylvania \n\nDelaware. \n\nMaryland \n\n"Virginia \n\nNorth Carolina... \nSouth Carolina... \n\nGeorgia \n\nFlorida , \n\nAlabama \n\nMississippi \n\nLouisiana \n\nTexas \n\n\n\nArkansas \n\nTennessee \n\nWest Virginia. \n\nKentucky \n\nOhio \n\nMichigan......... \n\nIndiana \n\nIllinois \n\n\n\nWisconsin \n\nMinnesota , \n\nIowa \n\nMissouri \n\nKansas \n\nNebraska \n\nCalifornia \n\nOregon \n\nNevada, Colorado, and Territories. \n\n\n\nHorses. \n\n\nMules. \n\n\n81,700 \n\n\n\n\n57,100 \n\n\n\n\n77,400 \n\n\n\n\n131,000 \n\n\n\n\n16,200 \n\n\n\n\n53,500 \n\n\n\n\n898,900 \n\n\n11,800 \n\n\n114,500 \n\n\n14,400 \n\n\n614,500 \n\n\n24,900 \n\n\n19,900 \n\n\n4,000 \n\n\n108,600 \n\n\n11,300 \n\n\n208,700 \n\n\n30,600 \n\n\n144,200 \n\n\n74,000 \n\n\n59, BOO \n\n\n51,500 \n\n\n119,200 \n\n\n97,200 \n\n\n22,400 \n\n\n11,900 \n\n\n112,800 \n\n\n111,700 \n\n\n97,200 \n\n\n100,000 \n\n\n79,300 \n\n\n80,700 \n\n\n618,000 \n\n\n180,200 \n\n\n180,500 \n\n\n89,300 \n\n\n823,700 \n\n\n99,700 \n\n\n122,200 \n\n\n2,400 \n\n\n386,900 \n\n\n117,800 \n\n\n772,700 \n\n\n26,700 \n\n\n333,800 \n\n\n4,:i00 \n\n\n688,800 \n\n\n61,200 \n\n\n1,100,000 \n\n\n188,000 \n\n\n384,400 \n\n\n8,700 \n\n\n247,300 \n\n\n7,000 \n\n\n770,700 \n\n\n43,400 \n\n\n627,300 \n\n\n191,900 \n\n\n275,000 \n\n\n50,000 \n\n\n157,200 \n\n\n13,600 \n\n\n273,000 \n\n\n25,700 \n\n\n109,700 \n\n\n3,500 \n\n\n250,000 \n\n\n25,700 \n\n\n\nMUch \n\nCows. \n\n\n\n196,100 \n\n98,100 \n217,800 \n160,700 \n\n22,000 \n\n116,500 \n\n1,446,200 \n\n152,200 \n\n828,400 \n\n23,200 \n100,500 \n236,200 \n232,300 \n131,300 \n273,100 \n\n70,000 \n215,200 \n188,000 \n110,900 \n544,500 \n187,700 \n245,700 \n130,500 \n257,200 \n714.100 \n416,900 \n439,200 \n702,400 \n477,300 \n278,900 \n676,200 \n516,200 \n321,900 \n127,600 \n495,600 \n112,400 \n423,600 \n\n\n\nIt will be seen from the above table, that Missouri is i\\iQ fifth State \nill the number of horses ; fifth in number of mil<:h cows, and the \nleading State in number of mules, having 11,700 more than Texas, \nwhich produces the next largest number. Ot\' oxen and other cattle, \nMissouri produced in 1879, 1,632,000, which was more than any other \nState produced excepting Texas, which had 4,800,00. In 1879 Mis- \nsouri raised 2,817,600 hogs, which was more than any other State \nproduced, excepting Iowa. The number of sheep was 1,296,400. \nThe number of hogs packed in 1879, by the different States, is as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nstates. \n\n\n\nOhio.... \nIndiana \nIllinois \nIowa.... \n\n\n\nNo. \n\n\n\n932,878 \n\n622,321 \n\n3,214,896 \n\n569,763 \n\n\n\nStates. \n\n\n\nMissotjri.. \nWisconsin, \nKentucky. \n\n\n\nNo. \n\n\n\n965,839 \n472,108 \n212,412 \n\n\n\n62 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nAVERAGE "WEIGHT PER HEAD FOR EACH STATE. \n\n\n\nStates. \n\n\nPounds. \n\n\nStates. \n\n\nPounds. \n\n\nOhio \n\n\n210.47 \n193.80 \n225.71 \n211.98 \n\n\n\n\n211 32 \n\n\nIndiana , \n\n\nWisconsin .\xe2\x96\xa0. \n\n\n220.81 \n\n\nIllinois \n\n\n\n\n210 11 \n\n\nIowa \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nFrom the above it will be seen that Missouri annually packs more \nhogs than any other State excepting Illinois, and that she ranks third \nin the average weisfht. \n\nWe see no reason why Missouri should not be the foremost s^ock- \nraising State of the Union. In addition to the enormous yield of \ncorn and oats upon which the stock is largely dependent, the climate \nis well adapted to their growth and health. Water is not only inex- \nhaustible, but everywhere convenient. The ranges of stock are \nboundless, affording for nine months of the year, excellent pasturage \nof nutritious wild grasses, which grow in great luxuriance upon the \nthousand prairies. \n\nCotton is grown successfully in many counties of the southeastern \nportions of the State, especially in Stoddard, Scott, Pemiscot, Butler, \nNew Madrid, Lawrence and Mississippi. \n\nSweet potatoes are produced in abundance and are not only sure \nbut profitable. \n\nBroom corn, sorghum, castor beans, white beans, peas, hops, thrive \nwell, and all kinds of garden vegetables, are produced in great abun- \ndance and are found in the markets during all seasons of the year. \nFruits of every variety, including the apple, pear, peach, cherries, \napricots and nectarines, are cultivated with great success, as are also, \nthe strawberry, gooseberry, currant, raspberry and blackberry. \n\nThe grape has not been produced with that success that was at fii\'st \nanticipated, yet the yield of wine for the year 1879, was nearly half a \nmillion gallons. Grapes do well in Kansas, and we see no reason \nwhy they should not be as surely and profitably grown in a similar \nclimate and soil in Missouri, and particularly in many of the counties \nnorth and east of the Missouri Eiver. \n\n\n\nRAILROADS. \n\n\n\nTwenty-nine years ago, the neigh of the " iron horse " was heard \nfor the first time, within the broad domain of Missouri. His comins: \npresaged the dawn of a brighter and grander era in the history of the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 63 \n\nState. Her fertile prairies, and more prolific valleys would soon be \nof easy access to the oncoming tide of immigration, and the ores and \nminerals of her hills and mountains would be developed, and utilized \nin her manufacturing and industrial enterprises. \n\nAdditional facilities would be opened to the marts of trade and \ncommerce ; transportation from the interior of the State would be se- \ncured ; a fresh impetus would be given to the growth of her towns \nand cities, and new hopes and inspirations would be imparted to all \nher people. \n\nSince 1852, the initial period of railroad building in Missouri, be- \ntween four and five thousand miles of track have been laid ; addi- \ntional roads are now being constructed, and many others in contem- \nplation.\' The State is already well supplied with railroads which \nthread her surface in all directions, bringing her remotest districts \ninto close connection with St. Louis, that great center of western \nrailroads and inland commerce. These roads have a capital stock ag- \ngregating more than one hundred millions of dollars, and a funded \ndebt of about the same amount. \n\nThe lines of roads which are operated in the State are the follow- \ning:\xe2\x80\x94 \n\nMissouri Pacific \xe2\x80\x94 chartered May 10th, 1850; The St. Louis, Iron \nMountain & Southern Eailroad, which is a consolidation of the Arkan- \nsas Branch ; The Cairo, Arkansas & Texas Eailroad ; The Cairo & \nFulton Railroad ; The Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railway ; St. \nLouis & San Francisco Railway ; The Chicago, Alton & St. Louis \nRailroad ; The Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad ; The Missouri, Kan- \nsas & Texas Railroad ; The Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluifs \nRailroad ; The Keokuk & Kansas City Railway Company ; The St. \nLouis, Salem & Little Rock Railroad Company; The Missouri & \nWestern ; The St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern Railroad ; The St. \nLouis, Hannibal & Keokuk Railroad ; The Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska \nRailway ; The Qnincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad ; The Chicago, \nRock Island & Pacific Railway; The Burlington & Southwestern \nRailroad. \n\nMANUFACTURES. \n\nThe natural resources of Missouri especially fit her for a great man- \nufacturing State. She is rich in soil; rich in all the elements which \nsupply the furnace, the machine shop and the planing mill ; rich in \nthe multitude and variety of her gigantic forests ; rich in her marble, \nstone and granite quarries ; rich in her mines of iron, coal, lead and \n\n\n\n64 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nzinc ; rich in strong arms and willing hands to apply the force ; rich \nin water power and river navigation ; and rich in her numerous and \nwell-built railroads, whose "numberless engines thunder along their \nmultiplied track-ways. \n\nMissouri contains over fourteen thousand manufacturing establish- \nments, 1,965 of which are using steam and give employment to \n80,000 hands. The capital employed is about $100,000,000, the \nmaterial annually used and worked up, amounts to over $150,000,- \n000, and the value of the products put upon the markets $250,000,000, \nwhile the wages paid are more than $40,000,000. \n\nThe leading manufacturing counties of the State, are St. Louis, \nJackson, Buchanan, St. Charles, Marion, Franklin, Greene, Lafay- \nette, Platte, Cape Girardeau, and Boone. Three-fourths, however, of \nthe manufacturing is done in St. Louis, which is now about the second \nmanufacturing city in the Union. Flouring mills produce annually \nabout $38,194,000; carpentering $18,763,000 ; meat-packing $16,- \n769,000 ; tobacco $12,496,000 ; iron and castings $12,000,000 ; liquors \n$11,245,000; clothing $10,022,000; lumber $8,652,000; bagging \nand bags $6,914,000, and many other smaller industries in propor- \ntion. \n\nGREAT BRIDGE AT ST. LOUIS. \n\nOf the many public improvements which do honor to the State and \nreflect great credit upon the genius of their projectors, we have space \nonly, to mention the great bridge at St. Louis. \n\nThis truly wonderful construction is built of tubular steel, total \nlength of which, with its approaches, is 6,277 feet, at a cost of nearly \n$8,000,000. The bridge spans the Mississippi from the Illinois to \nthe Missouri shore, and has separate railroad tracks, roadways, and \nfoot paths. In durability, architectural beauty and practical utility, \nthere is, perhaps, no similar piece of workmanship that approximates \nit. \n\nThe structure of Darius upon the Bosphorus ; of Xerxes upon the \nHellespont ; of Ceesar upon the Rhine ; and Trajan upon the Danube, \nfamous in ancient history, were built for military purposes, that over \nthem might pass invading armies with their munitions of war, to de- \nstroy commerce, to lay in waste the provinces, and to slaughter the \npeople. \n\nBut the erection of this was for a higher and nobler purpose. Over \nit are coming the trade and merchandise of the opulent East, and \nthence are passing the untold riches of the West. Over it are crowd- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 65 \n\ning legions of men, armed not with the weapons of war, but with the \nimplements of peace and industry ; men who are skilled in all the arts \nof agriculture, of manufocture and of mining; men who will hasten \nthe day when St. Louis shall rank in population and importance, sec- \nond to no city on the continent, and when Missouri shall proudly fill \nthe measure of greatness, to which she is naturally so justly entitled. \n\n\n\nCHAPTEE XL \n\nEDUCATION. \n\nPublic School System \xe2\x80\x94 Public School System of Missouri \xe2\x80\x94 Lincoln Institute \xe2\x80\x94 Offi- \ncers of Public School System \xe2\x80\x94 Certificates of Teachers \xe2\x80\x94 Uuiversity of Missouri \xe2\x80\x94 \nSchools \xe2\x80\x94 Colleges \xe2\x80\x94 Institutions of Learning \xe2\x80\x94 Location \xe2\x80\x94 Libraries \xe2\x80\x94 Newspa- \npers and Periodicals \xe2\x80\x94 No. of School Children \xe2\x80\x94 Amount expended \xe2\x80\x94 Value of \nGrounds and Buildings \xe2\x80\x94 " The Press." \n\nThe first constitution of Missouri provided that "one school or more \nshall be established in each township, as soon as practicable and neces- \nsary, where the poor shall be taught gratis." \n\nIt will be seen that even at that early day (1820) the framers of the \nconstitution made provision for at least a primary education for the \npoorest and the humblest, taking it for granted that those who were \nable would avail themselves of educational advantaoes which were not \ngratuitous. \n\nThe establishment of the public-school system, in its essential fea- \ntures, was not perfected until 1839, during the administration of Gov- \nernor Boggs, and since that period the system has slowly grown into \nfavor, not only in Missouri, but throughout the United States. The \nidea of a free or public school for all classes was not at first a popular \none, especially among those who had the means to patronize private \ninstitutions of learning. Li upholding and maintaining public schools \nthe opponents of the system felt that they were not only compromis- \ning their own standing among their more wealthy neighbors, but that \nthey were, to some extent, bringing opprobrium upon their children. \nEntertaining such prejudices, they naturally thought that the training \nreceived at public schools could not be otherwise than defective ; hence \nmany years of probation passed before the popular mind was prepared \n\n\n\n6g HISTORY or MISSOURI. \n\nto appreciate the benefits and blessings which spring from these insti- \ntutions. \n\nEvery year only adds to their popularity, and commends them the \nmore earnestly to the fostering care of our State and National Legis- \nlatures, and to the esteem and favor of all classes of our people. \n\nWe can hardly conceive of two grander or more potent promoters of \ncivilization than the free school and free press. They would indeed \nseem to constitute all that was necessary to the attainment of the hap- \npiness and intellectual growth of the Eepublic, and all that was neces- \nsary to broaden, to liberalize and instruct. \n\n\xc2\xab\xc2\xab Tis education forms the common mind; \n****** \n\nFor noble youtla there is nothing so meet \n\nAs learning is, to know the good from ill ; \n\nTo know the tongues, and perfectly indite, \n- And of the laws to have a perfect skill. \n\nThings to reform as right and justice will; \n\nFor honor is ordained for no cause \n\nBut to see right maintained by the laws." \n\nAll the States of the Union have in practical operation the public- \nschool system, governed in the main by similar Uiavs, and not diifering \nmaterially in the manner and methods by which they are taught : but \nnone have a wiser, a more liberal and comprehensive machinery of \ninstruction than Missouri. Her school laws, since 1839, have under- \n<yone many changes, and always for the better, keeping pace with the \nmost enlightened and advanced theories of the most experienced edu- \ncators in the land. But not until 1875, when the new constitution was \nadopted, did her present admirable system of public instruction go \ninto effect. \n\nProvisions were made not only for white, but for children of African \ndescent, and are a part of the organic law, not subject to the capricea. \nof unfriendly legislatures, or the whims of political parties. The Lin- \ncoln Institute, located at Jefferson City, for the education of col- \nored teachers, receives an annual appropriation from the General \nAssembly. \n\nFor the support of the public schools, in addition to the annual \nincome derived from the public school fund, which is set apart by law, \nnot less than twenty-five per cent, of the State revenue, exclusive of \nthe interest and sinking fund, is annually applied to this purpose. \n\nThe officers having in charge the public school interests are the State \n" Board of Education," the State Superintendent, County Commission- \n\n\n\n\n< \np \n\n< \n\nI\xe2\x80\x94 I \n\nQ \n\nH \n<^ \n\n^^ \nO \nO \n\nO \nm \n\n< \n\n\n\n68 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\xc2\xabrs, County Clerk and Treasurer, Board of Directors, City and Town \nSchool Board, and Teacher. The State Board of Education is composed \nof the State Superintendent, the Governor, Secretary of State, and the \nAttorney-General, the executive officer of this Board being the State Su- \nperintendent, who is chosen by the people every four years. His duties \nare numerous. He renders decisions concerning the local application of \nschool law ; keeps a record of the school funds and annually distributes \nthe same to the counties ; supervises the work of county school officers ; \ndelivers lectures ; visits schools ; distributes educational information ; \ngrants certificates of higher qualifications, and makes an annual report \nto the General Assembly of the condition of the schools. \n\nThe County Commissioners are also elected by the people for two \nyears. Their work is to examine teachers, to distribute blanks, and \nmake reports. County clerks receive estimates from the local direct- \nors and extend them upon the tax-^books. In addition to this, they \nkeep the general records of the county and township school funds, and \nreturn an annual report of the financial condition of the schools of \ntheir county to the State Superintendent. School taxes are gathered \nwith other taxes by the county collector. The custodian of the school \nfunds belonging to the schools of the counties is the county treasurer, \nexcept in counties adopting the township organization, in which case \nthe township trustee discharges these duties. \n\nDistricts organized under the special law for cities and towns are \ngoverned by a board of six directors, two of whom are selected annu- \nally, on the second Saturday in September, and hold their office for \nthree years. \n\nOne director is elected to serve for three years in each school dis- \ntrict, at the annual meeting. These directors may levy a tax not \nexceeding forty cents on the one hundred dollars\' valuation, pro- \nvided such annual rates for school purposes may be increased in dis- \ntricts formed of cities and towns, to an\' amount not exceeding one \ndollar on the hundred dollars\' valuation, and in other districts to an \n-amount not to exceed sixty-five cents on the one hundred dollars\' val- \nuation, on the condition that a majority of the voters who are tax-pay- \ners, voting at an election held to decide the question, vote for said \nincrease. For the purpose of erecting public buildings in school dis- \ntricts, the rates of taxation thus limited may be increased when the \nrate of such increase and the purpose for which it is intended shall \nhave been submitted to a vote of the people, and two-thirds of the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 69 \n\nqualified voters of such school district voting at such election shuU \nvote therefor. \n\nLocal directors may direct the management of the school in respect \nto the choice of teachers and other details, but in the discharge of \nall important business, such as the erection of a school house or the \nextension of a term of school beyond the constitutional period, they \nsimply execute the will of the people. The clerk of this board may \nbe a director. He keeps a record of the names of all the children and \nyouth in the district between the ages of five and twenty-one ; records \nall business proceedings of the district, and reports to the annual \nmeeting, to the County Clerk and County Commissioners. \n\nTeachers must hold a certificate from the State Superintendent or \nCounty Commissioner of the county where they teach. State certifi- \ncates are granted upon personal written examination in the common \nbranches, together with the natural sciences and higher mathematics. \nThe holder of such certificate may teach in any public school of the \nState without further examination. Certificates granted by County \nCommissioners are of two classes, with two grades in each class. Those \nissued for a longer term than one year, belong to the first class and are \nsusceptible of two grades, differing both as to length of time and attain- \nments. Those issued for one year may represent two grades, marked by \nqualification alone. The township school fund arises from a o-nrnt of \nland by the General Government, consisting of section sixteen in each \ncongressional township. The annual income of the township fund is ap- \npropriated to the various townships, according to their respective \nj)roprietary claims. The support from the permanent funds is supple- \nmented by direct taxation laid upon the taxable property of each dis- \ntrict. The greatest limit of taxation for the current expenses is one \nper cent ; the tax permitted for school house building cannot exceed \nthe same amount. \n\nAmong the institutions of learning and ranking, perhaps, the first \nin importance, is the State University located at Columbia, Boone \nCounty. When the State was admitted into the Union, Cono-ress \ngranted to it one entire township of land (46,080 acres) for the sup- \nport of "A Seminary of Learning." The lands secured for this pur- \npose are among the best and most valuable in the State. These \nlands were put into the market in 1832 and brought $75,000, which \namount was invested in the stock of the old bank of the State of Mis- \nsouri, where it remained and increased by accumulation to the sum of \n$100,000. In 1839, by an act of the General Assemblv, five commis- \n\n\n\n70 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nsioners were appointed to select a site for the State University, the \nsite to contain at least fifty acres of land in a compact form, within \ntwo miles of the county seat of Cole, Cooper, Howard, Boone, Calla- \nway or Saline. Bids were let among the bounties named, and the \ncounty of Boone having subscribed the sum of $117,921, some \n$18,000 more than any other county, the State University was located \nin that county, and on the 4th of July, 1840, the "corner-stone was \nhiid with imposing ceremonies. \n\nThe present annual income of the University is nearly $65,000. \nThe donations to the institutions connected therewith amount to \nnearly $400,000. This University with its different departments, \nis open to both male and female, and both sexes enjoy alike its \nrights and privileges. Among the professional schools, which form a \npart of the University, are the Normal, or College of Instruction in \nTeaching ; Agricultural and Mechanical College ; the School of Mines \nand Metallurgy ; the College of Law ; the Medical College ; and the \nDepartment of Analytical and Applied Chemistry. Other departments \nare contemplated and will be added as necessity requires. \n\nThe following will show the names and locations of the schools and \ninstitutions of the State, as reported by the Commissioner of Education \nin 1875: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0UNIYERSITIES AND COLLEGES. \n\nChristian University Canton. \n\nSt. Vincent\'s College Cape Girardeau^ \n\nUniversit}^ of Missouri Columbia. \n\nCentral College Fayette. \n\nWestminster College Fulton. \n\nXiewis College , Glasgow. \n\nPritchett School Institute Glasgow. \n\nLincoln College Greenwood. \n\nHannibal College Hannibal. \n\n"Woodland College Independence. \n\nThayer College Kidder. \n\nLa Grange College La Grange. \n\nWilliam Jewell College Liberty. \n\nBaptist College Louisiana. \n\nSt. Joseph College , , St. Joseph. \n\nCollege of Christian Brothers St. Louis. \n\nSt. Louis University St. Louis. \n\nWashington University St. Louis. \n\nDrury College Springfield. \n\nCentral Wesleyan College Warrenton. \n\nFOR SUPERIOR INSTRXTCTION OF WOMEN. \n\nSt. Joseph Female Seminary St. Joseph. \n\nChristian College Columbia. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. . 71 \n\nStephens\' College Columbia. \n\nHoward College , Payette. \n\nIndependence Female College Independence. \n\nCentral Female College Lexington. \n\nClay Seminary Liberty. \n\nIngleside Female College Palmyra. \n\nLindenwood College for Young Ladies St. Charles. \n\nMary Institute (Washington University) St. Louis. \n\nSt. Louis Seminary , St. Louis. \n\nUrsuline Academy ; St. Louis. \n\nFOR SECONDARY INSTRUCTION-. \n\nArcadia College Arcadia. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0St. Vincent\'s Academy Cape Girardeau. \n\n\xe2\x82\xachillicothe Academy Chillicothe. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2G-rand River College Edinburgh. \n\nMarionville Collegiate Institute Marionville. \n\nPalmyra Seminary Palmyra. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2St. Paul\'s College Palmyra. \n\nVan Rensselaer Academy Rensselaer. \n\nShelby High School Shelby ville. \n\nStewartsville Male and Female Seminary Stewartsville. \n\nSCHOOLS OF SCIENCE. \n\nMissouri Agricultural and Mechanical College (University of Missouri) Columbia. \n\nSchools of Mines and Metallurgy (University of Missouri) Rolla. \n\nPolytechnic Institute (Washington- University) St. Louis. \n\nSCHOOLS OF THEOLOGY. \n\nSt. Vincent\'s College (Theological Department) Cape Girardeau. \n\nWestminster College (Theological School) Fulton. \n\nVa^deman School of Theology (William Jewell College) Liberty. \n\n"Concordia College St. Louis. \n\nSCHOOLS OF LAW. \n\nLaw School of the University of Missouri Columbia. \n\nLaw School of the Washington University St. Louis. \n\nSCHOOLS OF MEDICINE. \n\nMedical College, University of Missouri Columbia \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0College of Physicians and Surgeons St. Joseph. \n\nKansas City College of Physicians and Surgeons.... Kansas City. \n\nHospitftl Medical College St. Joseph. \n\nMissouri Medical College St. Louis. \n\nNorthwestern Medical College \'.....St. Joseph. \n\nSt. Louis Medical College St. Louis. \n\nHomeopathic Medical College of Missouri St. Louis. \n\nMissouri School of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children St. Louis. \n\nMissouri Central College St. Louis. \n\nSt. Louis College of Pharmacy St. Louis. \n\n\n\n72 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nLARGEST PUBLIC LIBRARIES. \n\n\n\nName. \n\n\n\nSt. Vincent\'s College \n\nSoutheast Missouri State Normal School \n\nUniversity of Missouri \n\nAthenian Society , \n\nUnion Literary Society \n\nLaw College \n\nWestminster College \n\nLewis College \n\nMercantile Library \'. \n\nLibrary Association \n\nFruitland Normal Institute \n\nState Library \n\nFettermun\'s Circulating Library \n\nLaw Library \n\nWhittemore\'s Circulating Library \n\nNorth Missouri State Normal School \n\nWilliam .Jewell College \n\nSt. Paul\'s College \n\nMissouri School of Mines and Metallurgy \n\nSt. Charles Catholic Library \n\nCarl Frielling\'s Library \n\nLaw Library \n\nPublic School Library \n\nWalworth & Colt\'s Circulating Library \n\nAcademj\'^ of Science \n\nAcademy of Visitation \n\nCollege of the Christian Brothers \n\nDeutsche Institute \n\nGerman Evangelical Lutheran, Concordia College. \n\nLaw Library Association \n\nMissouri Medical College \n\nMrs. Cuthbert\'s Seminary (Young Ladies) \n\nOdd Fellow\'s Library \n\nPublic School Library \n\nSt. Louis Medical College \n\nSt. Louis Mercantile Library \n\nSt. Louis Seminarj"^ \n\nSt. Louis Turn Verein \n\nSt. Louis University \n\nSt. Louis University Society Libraries \n\nUrsuline Academy \n\nWashington University \n\nSt. Louis Law School \n\nYoung Men\'s Sodality ,. \n\nLibrary Association \n\nPublic School Library \n\nDrury College \n\n\n\nLocation. \n\n\n\nCape Girardeau. \nCape Girardeau. \n\nColumbia \n\nColumbia ,. \n\nColumbia \n\nColumbia , \n\nFulton , \n\nGlasgow \n\nHannibal \n\nIndependence \n\nJackson \n\nJefferson City.,., \n\nKansas City , \n\nKansas City \n\nKansas City , \n\nKirksville , \n\nLiberty \n\nPalmyra \n\nRolla \n\nSt. Charles \n\nSt. Joseph , \n\nSt. Joseph , \n\nSt. Joseph \n\nSt. Joseph \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSt. Louis. \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSt. Louis \n\nSt. Louis , \n\nSedalia \n\nSedalia \n\nSpringfield \n\n\n\nVolumes. \n\n\n\n5,500 \n1,225 \n\n10,000 \n1,200 \n1,200 \n1,000 \n5,000 \n8,000 \n2,219 \n1,100 \n1,000 \n\n13,000 \n\ni,aoo \n\n8,000 \n1,000 \n1,050 \n4,000 \n2,000 \n1,478 \n1,716 \n6,000 \n2,000 \n2,500 \n1,500 \n2,744 \n4,000 \n\n22,000 \n1,000 \n4,800 \n8,000 \n1,000 \n1,500 \n4,000 \n\n40,097 \n1,100 \n\n45,000 \n2,000 \n2.000 \n; 17,000 \n8,000 \n2,000 \n4,500 \n8,000 \n1,327 \n1,500 \n1,015 \n2.000 \n\n\n\nIN 1880. \nNewspapers and Periodicals 481 \n\n\n\nCHARITIES. \n\nState Asylum for Deaf and Dumb \n\nSt. Bridget\'s Institution for Deaf and Dumb \n\nInstitution for the Education of the Blind \n\nState Asylum for Insane \n\nState Asylum for the Insane \n\n\n\n....Fulton. \n.St. Louis. \n.St. Louis. \n....Fulton. \n.St. Louis.. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or MISSOURI. 73- \n\nNORMAL SCHOOLS. \n\nNormal Institute Bolivar. \n\nSoutheast Missouri State Normal School Cape Girardeau. \n\nNormal School (University of Missouri) Columbia.. \n\nFruitland Normal Institute Jackson. \n\nLincoln Institute (for colored) Jefferson City. \n\nCity Normal School , St. Louis. \n\nMissouri State Normal School Warrensburg. \n\nIN 1880. \nNumber of school children \n\n\n\nIN 1878. \n\nEstimated value of school propertj^ $8,321,399 \n\nTotal receipts for public schools 4,207,617 \n\nTotal expenditures 2,406,139 \n\nNUMBER OF TEACHERS. \n\nMale teachers 6,239; average monthly pay \xe2\x80\xa2.... $36.36 \n\nFemale teachers 5,080; average monthly pay 28.09 \n\nThe fact that Missouri supports and maintains four hundred and \n\nseventy-one newspapers and periodicals, shows that her inhabitants \n\nare not only a reading and reflecting people, but that they appreciate \n\n" The Press," and its wonderful influence as an educator. The poet \n\nhas well said : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBut mightiest of the mighty means, \nOn which the arm of progress leans, \nMan\'s noblest mission to advance, \nHis woes assuage, his weal enhance, \nHis rights enforce, his wrongs redress \xe2\x80\x94 \nMightiest of mighty is the Press. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XII. \n\nEELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS. \n\nBaptist Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 Congregational \xe2\x80\x94 When Founded \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 \nChristian Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 Cumberland Presbyterian Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 \nMethodist Episcopal Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 Presbyterian Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 \nProtestant Episcopal Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 United Presbyterian Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its \nHistory \xe2\x80\x94 Unitarian Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History \xe2\x80\x94 Roman Catholic Church \xe2\x80\x94 Its History. \n\nThe first representatives of religious thought and training, who \npenetrated the Missouri and Mississippi Valleys, were Pere Marquette^ \nLa Salle, and others of Catholic persuasion, who performed missionary \n\n\n\n74 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nlabor among the Indians. A century afterward came the Protestants, \nAt that early period \n\n" A church in every grove that spread \nIts living roof above their lieads," \n\nconstituted for a time their only house of worship, and yet to them \n\n" No Temple built with hands could vie \nIn glory with its majesty." \n\nIn the course of time, the seeds of Protestantism were scattered \nalong the shores of the two great rivers which form the eastern and \nwestern boundaries of the State, and still a little later they were sown \nupon her hill-sides and broad prairies, where they have since bloomed \nand blossomed as the rose. \n\nBAPTIST CHURCH. \n\nThe earliest anti-Catholic religious denomination, of which there is \nany record, was organized in Cape Girardeau county in 1806, through \nthe efforts of Rev. David Green, a Baptist, and a native of Virginia. \nIn 1816, the first association of Missouri Baptists was formed, which \nwas composed of seven churches, all of which were located in the \nsoutheastern part of the State. In 1817 a second association of \nchurches was formed, called the Missouri Association, the name being \na:fterwards changed to St. Louis Association. In 1834 a general con- \nvention of all the churches of this denomination, was held in Howard \ncounty, for the purpose of effecting a central organization, at which \ntime was commenced what is now known as the " General Association \nof Missouri Baptists." \n\nTo this body is committed the State mission work, denominational \neducation, foreign missions and the circulation of religious literature. \nThe Baptist Church has under its control a number of schools and \ncolleges, the most important of which is William Jewell College, \nlocated at Liberty, Clay county. As shown by the annual report for \n1875, there were in Missouri, at that date, sixty-one associations, one \nthousand four hundred churches, eight hundred and twentj^-four min- \nisters and eighty-uine thousand six hundred and fifty church members. \n\nCONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. \n\nThe Congregationalists inaugurated their missionary labors in the \nState in 1814. Rev. Samuel J. Mills, of Torringford, Connecticut, \nand Rev. Daniel Smith, of Bennington, Vermont, were sent west by \nthe Massachusetts Congregational Home Missionary Society during \n\n\n\nHISTORY or MISSOURI. 7^ \n\nthat year, and in November, 1814, they preached the first regular \nProtestant sermons in St. Louis. Eev. Samuel Giddings, sent out \nunder the auspices of the Connecticut Congregational Missionary \nSociety, organized the first Protestant church in the city, consistino- \nof ten members, constituted Presbyterian. The churches oro-anized \nby Mr. Giddings were all Presbyterian in their order. \n\nNo exclusively Congregational Church was founded until 1852, \nwhen the " First Trinitarian Congregational Church of St. Louis " \nwas organized. The next church of this denomination was organized \nat Hannibal in 1859. /Then followed a Welsh church in New Cambria \nin 1864, and after the close of the war, fifteen churches of the same \n\xe2\x80\xa2order were formed in different parts of the State. Li 1866, Pilo-rim \nChurch, St. Louis, was organized. The General Conference of \nChurches of Missouri was formed in 1865, which was changed in 1868, \nto General Association. In 1866, Hannibal, Kidder, and St. Louis \nDistrict Associations were formed, and following these were the Kan- \nsas City and Springfield District Associations. This denomination in \n1875, had 70 churches, 41 ministers, 3,363 church members, and had \nalso several schools and colleges and one monthly newspaper. \n\nCHRISTIAN CHURCH. \n\nThe earliest churches of this denomination were oro-anized in Cal- \nlaway, Boone and Howard Counties, some time previously to 1829. \nThe first church was formed in St. Louis in 1836 by Elder E. B. \nFife. The first State Sunday School Convention of the Christian \nChurch, was held in Mexico in 1876. Besides a number of private \ninstitutions, this denomination has three State Listitutions, all of \nwhich have an able corps of professors and have a good attendance of \npupils. It has one religious paper published in St. Louis, " The Ohris- \ntian,\'\'^ which is a weekly publication and well patronized. The mem- \nbership of this church now numbers nearly one hundred thousand in \nthe State and is incre ;sing rapidly. It has more than five hundred \norganized churches, the greater portion of which are north of the \nMissouri Eiver. \n\nCUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. \n\nIn the spring of 1820, the first Presbytery of this denomination \nwest of the Mississippi, was organized in Pike County. This Pres- \nbytery included all the territory of Missouri, western Illinois and \nArkansas and numbered only four ministers, two of whom resided at \n\n\n\n76 "\xe2\x80\xa2 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nthat time in Missouri. Tliere are now in the State, twelve Presby\xc2\xab \nteries, three Synods, nearly three hundred mhiisters and over twenty \nthousand members. The Board of Missions is located at St. Louis. \nThey have a number of High Schools and two monthly papers pub- \nlished at St. Louis. \n\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. \n\nIn 1806, Eev. John Travis, a young Methodist minister, was sent \nout to the " Western Conference," which then embraced the Missis- \nsippi Valley, from Green County, Tennessee. During that year Mr. \nTravis organized a number of small churches. At the close of his \nconference year, he reported the resnlt of his labors to the Western \nConference, which was held at Chillicothe, Ohio, in 1870, and showed \nan aggregate of one hundred and six members and two circuits, one \ncalled Missouri and the other Meramec. In 1808, two circuits had \nbeen formed, and at each succeeding year the number of circuits and \nmembers constantly increased, until 1812, when what vvas called the \nWestern Conference was divided into the Ohio and Tennessee Confer- \nences, Missouri falling into the Tennessee Conference. In 1816, \nthere was another division when the Missouri Annual Conference was \nformed. In 1810, there were four traveling preachers and in 1820, fif- \nteen travelling preachers, with over 2,000 members. In 1836, the terri- \ntory of the Missouri Conference was again divided when the Missouri \nConference included only the State. In 1840 there were 72 traveling \npreachers, 177 local ministers and 13,992 church members. Between \n1840 and 1850, the church was divided by the organization of the \nMethodist Episcopal Church South. In 1850, the membership of the \nM. E. Church was over 25,000, and during the succeeding ten years \nthe church prospered rapidly. In 1875, the M. E. Church reported \n274 church edifices and 34,156 members; the M. E. Church South, \nreported 443 church edifices and 49,588 members. This denomina- \ntion has under its control several schools and colleges and two weekly \nnewspapers. \n\nPRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. \n\nThe Presbyterian Church dates the beginning of its missionary \nefforts in the State as far back as 1814, but the first Presbyterian \nChurch was not organized until 1816 at Bellevue settlement, eight \nmiles from St. Louis. The next churches were formed in 1816 and \n1817 at Bonhomme, Pike County. The First Presbyterian Church \nwas organized in St. Louis in 1817, by Kev. Salmon Gidding. The \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 77 \n\nfirst Presbytery was organized in 1817 by the Synod of Tennessee \nwith four ministers and four churches. The first Presbyterian house \nof worship (which was the first Protestant) was commenced in 1819 \nand completed in 1826, In 1820 a mission was formed among the \nOsage Indians. In 1831, the Presbytery was divided into three: \nMissouri, St. Louis, and St. Charles. These were erected with a \nSynod comprising eighteen ministers and twenty-three churches. \n\nThe church was divided in 1838, throughout the United States. In \n1860 the rolls of the Old and New School Synod together showed 109 \nministers and 146 churches. In 1866 the Old School Synod was di- \nvided on political questions springing out of the war \xe2\x80\x94 a part form- \ning the Old School, or Independent Synod of Missouri, who are con- \nnected with the General Assembly South. In 1870, the Old and New \nSchool Presbyterians united, since which time this Synod has steadily \nincreased until it now numbers more than 12,000 members with more \nthan 220 churches and 150 ministers. \n\nThis Sjaiod is composed of six Presbyteries and has under its con- \ntrol one or two institutions of learning and one or two newspapers. \nThat part of the original Synod which withdrew from the General \nAssembly remained an independent body until 1874 when it united \nwith the Southern Presbyterian Church. The Synod in 1875 num- \nbered 80 ministers, 140 churches and 9,000 members. It has under \nits control several male and female institutions of a high order. The \nSt. Louis Presbyterian, a weekly paper, is the recognized organ of \nthe Synod. \n\nPROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH. \n\nThe missionary enterprises of this church began in the State in \n1819, when a parish was organized in the City of St. Louis. In 1828, \nan agent of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society, visited the \ncity, who reported the condition of things so favorably that Rev. \nThomas Horrell was sent out as a missionary and in 1825, he began \nhis labors in St. Louis. A church edifice was completed in 1830. In \n1836, there were five clergymen of this denomination in Missouri, \nwho had organized congregations in Boonville, Fayette, St. Charles, \nHannibal, and other places. In 1840, the clergy and laity met in \nconvention, a diocese was formed, a constitution, and canons adopted, \nand in 1844 a Bishop was chosen, he being the Rev. Cicero S. \nHawks. Through the efforts of Bishop Kemper, Kemper College was \nfounded near St. Louis, but was afterward given up on account of \n\n\n\n78 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\npecuniary troubles. In 1847, the Clark Mission began and in 184^ \nthe Orphans\' Home, a charitable institution, was founded. In 1865, \nSt. Luke\'s Hospital was established. In 1875, there were in the city \nof St. Louis, twelve parishes and missions and twelve clergymen. \nThis denomnation has several schools and colleges, and one newspaper.. \n\nUNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. \n\nThis denomination is made up of the members of the Associate dnd \nAssociate Reformed churches of the Northern States, which two \nbodies united in 1858, taking the name of the United Presbyterian \nChurch of North America. Its members were generally bitterly \nopposed to the institution of slavery, Tlie first congregation was \norganized at Warrensburg, Johnson County, in 1867. It rapidly \nincreased in numbers, and had, in 1875, ten ministers and five hundred \nmembers. \n\nUNITARIAN CHURCH. \n\nThis church was formed in 1834, by the Rev. W. G. Eliot, in St. \nLouis. The churches are few in number throughout the State, the \nmembership being probably less than 300, all told. It has a mission \nhouse and free school, for poor children, supported by donations. \n\nROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH. \n\nThe earliest written record of the Catholic Church in Missouri shows \nthat Father Watrin performed ministerial services in Ste. Genevieve, \nin 1760, and in St. Louis in 1766. In 1770, Father Menrin erected a \nsmall log church in St. Louis. In 1818, there were in the State four \nchapels, and for Upper Louisiana seven priests. A college and semi- \nnary were opened in Perry County about this period, for the \neducation of the young, being the first college west of the Mississippi \nRiver. In 1824, a college was opened in St. Louis, which is now \nknown as the St. Louis University. In 1826, Father Rosatti was \nappointed Bishop of St. Louis, and through his instrumentality the \nSisters of Charity, Sisters of St. Joseph and of the Visitation were \nfounded, besides other benevolent and charitable institutions. In \n1834 he completed the present Cathedral Church. Churches were \nbuilt in different portions of the State. In 1847 St. Louis was created \nan arch-diocese, with Bishop Kenrick, Archbishop. \n\nIn Kansas City there were five parish churches, a hospital, a con- \nvent and several parish schools. In 1868 the northwestern portion of \nthe State was erected into a separate diocese, with its seat at St. Joseph,, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 79 \n\nand Eight-Eeverend John J. Hogan appointed Bishop. There were^ \nin 1875, in the city of St. Louis, 34 churches, 27 schools, 5 hospitals, \n3 colleges, 7 orphan asylums and 3 female protectorates. There were \nalso 105 priests, 7 male and 13 female orders, and 20 conferences of \nSt. Vincent de Paul, numbering 1,100 members. In the diocese, out- \nside of St. Louis, there is a college, a male protectorate, 9 convents, \nabout 120 priests, 150 churches and 30 stations. In the diocese of \nSt. Joseph there were, in 1875, 21 priests, 29 churches, 24 stations, \n1 college, 1 monastery, 5 convents and 14 parish schools : \n\nNumber of Sunday Schools iu 1878 ...,,, . \xe2\x80\xa2 2,067 \n\nNumber of Teachers ia 1878 ... . , . \' . 18,010 \n\nNumber of Pupils in 1878 . . 139,578 \n\nTHEOLOGICAL SCHOOLS. \n\nInstruction preparatory to ministerial work is given in connection \nwith collegiate study, or in special theological courses, at: \n\nCentral College (M. E. South) . Fayette. \n\nCentral Wesleyan College (M. E. Church) ..... . Warrenton. \n\nChristian University (Christian) Canton. \n\nConcordia College Seminary fEvangelical Lutheran) ... .St. Louis. \n\nLewis College (M. E. Church) . . Glasgow. \n\nSt. Vincent College (Roman Catholic) Cape Girardeau. \n\nVardeman School of Theology (Baptist) . ..... Liberty. \n\nThe last is connected with William Jewell Collesfe. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XIIL \n\nADMINISTRATION OF GOVERNOR CRITTENDEN. \n\nNomination and election of Thomas T. Crittenden \xe2\x80\x94 Personal Mention \xe2\x80\x94 Marmaduke\'s \ncandidacy \xe2\x80\x94 Stirring events \xe2\x80\x94 Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad \xe2\x80\x94 Death of Jesse \nJames \xe2\x80\x94 The Eords \xe2\x80\x94 Pardon of the Gamblers. \n\nIt is the purpose in this chapter to outline the more important \nevents of Governor Crittenden\'s unfinished administration, stating \nbriefly the facts in the case, leaving comment and criticism entirely to \nthe reader, the historian having no judgment to express or prejudice \nto vent. \n\nThomas T. Crittenden, of Johnson county, received the Demo- \ncratic nomination for Governor of Missouri at the convention at Jeffer- \n\n\n\nso HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nson City, July 22d, 1880. Democratic nomination for a State office in \nMissouri is always equivalent to election, and the entire State ticket \nwas duly elected in November. Crittenden\'s competitors before the \nconvention were Gen. John S. Marmaduke, of St. Louis, and John \nA. Hocliaday, of Callaway county. Before the assembling of the \nconvention many persons who favored Marmaduke, both personally \nand politically, thought the nomination of an ex-Confederate might \nprejudice the prospects of the National Democracy, and therefore, as \na matter of policy, supported Crittenden. \n\nHis name, and the fame of his family in Kentucky \xe2\x80\x94 Thomas T. \nbeing a scion of the Crittendens of that State, caused the Democracy \nof Missouri to expect great things from their new Governor. This, \ntogether with the important events which followed his inauguration, \ncaused some people to overrate him, while it prejudiced others against \nhim. The measures advocated by the Governor in his inaugural \naddress were such as, perhaps, the entire Democracy could endorse, \nespecially that of refunding, at a low interest, all that part of the State \ndebt that can be so refunded ; the adoption of measures to relieve the \nSupreme Court docket ; a compromise of the indebtedness of some of \nthe counties, and his views concerning repudiation, which he con- \ntemned. \n\nHANNIBAL & ST. JOE RAILROAD CONTROVERSY. \n\nBy a series of legislative acts, beginning with the act approved \nFebruary 22, 1851, and ending with that of March 26, 1881, the \nState of Missouri aided with great liberality in the construction of a \nsystem of railroads in this State. \n\nAmong the enterprises thus largely assisted was the Hannibal and \nSt. Joseph Railroad, for the construction of which the bonds of the \nState, to the amount of $3,000,000, bearing interest at 6 per cent per \nannum, payable semi-annually, were issued. One half of this amount \nwas issued under the act of 1851, and the remainder under the act of \n1855. The bonds issued under the former act were to run twenty \nyears, and those under the latter act were to run thirty years. Some \nof the bonds have since been funded and renewed. Coupons for the \ninterest of the entire $3,000,000 were executed and made payable in \nNew York. These acts contain numerous provisions intended to \nsecure the State against loss and to require the railroad company to \npay the interest and principal at maturity. It was made the duty of \nthe railroad company to save and keep the State from all loss on \naccount of said bonds and coupons. The Treasurer of the State was \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOURI. 81 \n\nto be exonerated from any advance of money to meet either principal \nor interest. The State contracted with the raih\'oad company for com- \nplete indemnity. She was required to assign her statutory morto;ao-e \nlien only upon payment into the treasury of a sum of money equal to \nall mdebtedness due or owing by said company to the State by reason \nof having issued her bonds and loaned them to the company. \n\nIn June, 1881, the railroad, through its attorney, Geo. W. Easley, \nEsq., paid to Phil. E. Chappell, State Treasurer, the sum of $3,000,- \n000, and asked for a receipt in full of all dues of the road to the \nState. The Treasurer refused to give such a receipt, but instead gave \na receipt for the sum " on account." The debt was not yet due, but \nthe authorities of the road sought to discharge their obligation pre- \nmaturely, in order to save interest and other expenses. The railroad \ncompany then demanded its bonds of the State, which demand the \nState refused. The company then demanded that the $3,000,000 be \npaid back, and this demand was also refused. \n\nThe railroad company then brought suit in the United States Court \nfor an equitable adjustment of the matters in controversy. The $3, \n000,000 had been deposited by the State in one of the banks, and was \ndrawing interest only at the rate of one-fourth of one per cent. It \nwas demanded that this sum should be so invested that a laro-er rate \nof interest might be obtained, which sum of interest should be allowed \nto the company as a credit in case any sum should be found due from \nit to the State. Justice Miller, of the United States Supreme Court, \nwho heard the case upon preliminary injunction in the spring of 1882, \ndecided that the unpaid and unmatured coupons constituted a liability \nof the State and a debt owing, though not due, and until these were \nprovided for the State Avas not bound to assign her lien upon the road. \n\nAnother question which was mooted, but not decided, was this : \nThat, if any, what account is the State to render for the use of the \n$3,000,000 paid into the treasury by the complainants on the 20th of \nJune? Can she hold that large sum of money, refusing to make any \naccount of it, and still insist upon full payment by the railroad \ncompany of all outstanding coupons? \n\nUpon this subject Mr. Justice Miller, in the course of his opinion, \nsaid : " I am of the opinion that the State, having accepted or got this \nmoney into her possession, is under a moral obligation (and I do not \npretend to commit anybody as to how far its legal obligation goes) to \nso use that money as, so far as possible, to protect the parties who \nhave paid it against the loss of the interest which it might accumulate, \n\n\n\n82 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nand which would go to extinguish the interest on the State\'s obliga- \ntions." \n\nMarch 26, 1881, the Legislature, in response to a special message of \nGov. Crittenden, dated February 25, 1881, in which he informed \nthe Leoislature of the purpose of the Hannibal and St. Joseph com- \npany to discharge the full amount of what it claims is its present \nindebtedness as to the State, and advised that provision be made \nfor the " profitable disposal" of the sum when paid, passed an act\xc2\xbb \nthe second section of which provided. \n\n" Sec. 2. Whenever there is sufficient money in the sinkiug fund to- \nredeem or purchase one or more of the bonds of the State of Missouri,. \nsuch sum is hereby appropriated for such purpose, and the Fund: \nCommissioners shall immediately call in for payment a like amount \nof the option bonds of the State, known as the " 5-20 bonds," \nprovided, that if there are no option bonds which can be called in for \npavment, they may invest such money in the purchase of any of the \nbonds of the State, or bonds of the United States, the Hannibal and \nSt. Joseph railroad bonds excepted." \n\nOn the 1st of January, 1882, the regular semi-annual payment of \ninterest on the railroad bonds became due, but the road refused to \npay, claiming that it had already discharged the principal, and of \ncourse was not liable for the interest. Thereupon, according to the \nprovisions of the aiding act of 1855, Gov. Crittenden advertised the \nroad for sale in detault of the payment of interest. The company \nthen brought suit before U. S. Circuit Judge McCrary at Keokuk,, \nIowa, to enjoin the State from selling the road, and for such other \nand further relief as the court might see fit and proper to grant. \nAugust 8, 1882, Judge McCrary delivered his opinion and judgment, \n\nas follows : \n\n^"First. That the payment by complainants into the treasury of the \nState of the sum of $3,000,000 on the 26th of June, 1881, did not \nsatisfy the claim of the State in full, nor entitle complainants to an \nassignment of the State\'s statutory mortgage. \n\n\'\'Second. That the State was bound to invest the principal sum \nof $3,000,000 so paid by the complainants without unnecessary delay \nin the securities named in the act of March 26, 1881, or some of \nthem, and so as to save to the State as large a sum as possible, \nwhich sum so saved would have constituted as between the State and \ncomplainants a credit pro tanto upon the unmatured coupons now in \ncontroversy. \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF MISSOURI. 83 \n\n**Third. That the rights and equity of the parties are to be deter- \nmined upon the foregoing principles, and the State must stand \ncharged with what wonld have been realized if the act of March, \n1881, had been complied with. It only femains to consider what the \nrights of the parties are upon the principles here stated. \n\n" In order to save the State from loss on account of the default of \nthe railroad company, a further sum must be paid. In order to deter- \nmine what that further sum is an accounting must be had. The ques- \ntion to be settled b}^ the accounting is, how much would the State \nhave lost if the provisions of the act of March, 1881, had been \ncomplied with ?****! think a perfectly fair basis of settle- \nment would be to hold the State liable for whatever could have been \nsaved by the prompt execution of said act by taking up such 5-20 \noption bonds of the State as were subject to call when the money was \npaid to the State, and investing the remainder of the fund in the \nbonds of the United States at the market rates. \n\n" Upon this basis a calculation can be made and the exact sum still to \nbe paid by the complainant in order to fully indemnify and protect the \nState can be ascertained. For the purpose of stating an account \nupon this basis and of determining the sum to be paid by the com- \nplainants to the State, the cause will be referred to John K. Cravens, \none of the masters of this court. In determining the time when the \ninvestment should have been made under the act of March, 1881, the \nmaster will allow a reasonable period for the time of the receipt of the \nsaid sum of $3,000,000 by the Treasurer of the State \xe2\x80\x94 that is to say, \nsuch time as would have been required for that purpose had the offi- \ncers charged with the duty of making said investment used reason- \nable diligence in its discharge. \n\n" The Hannibal and St. Joseph railroad is advertised for sale for the \namount of the instalment of interest due January 1, 1882, which \ninstalment amounts to less than the sum which the company must pay \nin order to discharge its liabilities to the State upon the theory of this \nopinion. The order will, therefore, be that an injunction be granted \nto enjoin the sale of the road upon the payment of the said instal- \nment of interest due January 1, 1882, and if such payment is made \nthe master will take it into account in making the computation above \nmentioned." \n\n\' KILLING OF JESSE JAMES. \n\nThe occurrence during the present Governor\'s administration which- \ndid most to place his name in everybody\'s mouth, and even to herald \n\n\n\n84 HISTORY OF MISSOURI. \n\nit abroad, causing the European press to teem witli leaders announcing \nthe fact to the continental world, was the " removal" of the famous \nMissouri brigand, Jesse W. James. The career of the James boys, \nand the banditti of whom they were the acknowledged leaders, is too \nwell-known and too fully set forth in works of a more sensational \ncharacter, to deserve further detail in these pages ; and the " removal " \nof Jesse will be dealt with only in its relation to the Governor. \n\nIt had been long conceded that neither of the Jameses would ever be \ntaken alive. That experiment had been frequently and vainl}\'^ tried, \nto the sorrow of o-ood citizens of this and other States. It seems to \nhave been one of the purposes of Gov. Crittenden to break up this \nband at any cost, by cutting off its leaders. Soon after the Winston \ntrain robbery, on July 15, 1881, the railroads combined in empower- \ning the Governor, by placing the money at his disposal, to offer heavy \nrewards for the capture of the two James brothers. This was ac- \ncordingly^ done by proclamation, and, naturally, many persons were \non the lookout to secure the large rewards. Gov. Crittenden worked \nquietly, but determinedly, after offering the rewards, and by some \nmeans learned of the availability of the two Ford boys, young men \nfrom Ray county, who had been tutored as juvenile robbers by the \nskillful Jesse. An understanding was had, when the Fords declared \nthey could find Jesse \xe2\x80\x94 that they were to "turn him in." Robert \nFord and brother seem to have been thoroughly in the confidence of \nJames, who then (startling as it was to the entire State) resided in \nthe city of St. Joseph, with his wife and two children ! The Fords \nwent there, and when the robber\'s back was turned, Robert shot him \ndead in the back of the head! The Fords told their story to the \nauthorities of the city, who at once arrested them on a charge of mur- \nder, and they, when arraigned, plead guilty to the charge. Promptly, \nhowever, came a full, free and unconditional pardon from Gov. Crit- \ntenden, and the Fords were released. In regard to the Governor\'s \ncourse in ridding the State of this notorious outlaw, people were \ndivided in sentiment, some placing him in the categor}^ with the Ford \nboys and bitterly condemning his action, while others \xe2\x80\x94 the majority \nof law-abiding people, indeed, \xe2\x80\x94 though deprecating the harsh meas- \nures which James\' course had rendered necessary, still upheld the \nGovernor for the part he played. As it was, the " Terror of Mis- \nsouri " was effectually and finally "removed," and people were glad \nthat he was dead. Robert Ford, the pupil of the dead Jesse, had \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF MISSOUEI. 85 \n\nbeen selected, and of all was the most fit tool to use in the extermina- \ntion of his preceptor in crime. \n\nThe killing of James would never have made Crittenden many ene- \nmies among the better class of citizens of this State ; but, when it \ncame to his \n\nPARDON OF THE GAMBLERS. \n\nThe case was different. Under the new law making gaminghouse- \nkeeping a felony, several St. Louis gamblers, with Robert C. Pate at \ntheir head, were convicted and sentenced to prison. The Governor, \nmuch to the surprise of the more rigid moral element of the State, \nsoon granted the gamblers a pardon. This was followed by other \npardons to similar ofienders, which began to render the Governor quite \nunpopular which one element of citizens, and to call forth from some \nof them the most bitter denunciations. The worst feature of the case, \nperhaps, is the lack of explanation, or the setting forth of sufficient \nreasons, as is customary in issuing pardons. This, at least, is the bur- \nden of complaint with the faction that opposes him. However, it \nmust be borne in mind that his terra of office, at this writing, is but \nhalf expired, and that a full record can not, therefore, be given. Like \nall mere men, Gov. Crittenden has his good and his bad, is liked by \nsome and disliked by others. The purpose of history is to set forth \nthe facts and leave others to sit in judgment; this the historian has \ntried faithfully to do, leaving all comments to those who may see fit to \nmake them. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\nST. LOUIS. \n\nHer First Settlement \xe2\x80\x94 Arrival of the First Steamboat \xe2\x80\x94 Eemoval of the Capital to \nJefferson City \xe2\x80\x94 When Incorporated \xe2\x80\x94 Population by Decades \xe2\x80\x94 First Lighted by \nGas \xe2\x80\x94 Death of one of her Founders, Pierre Chouteau \xe2\x80\x94 Cemeteries \xe2\x80\x94 Financial \nCrash \xe2\x80\x94 Bondholders and Coupon-clippers \xe2\x80\x94 Value of Real and Personal Property \xe2\x80\x94 \nManufactures \xe2\x80\x94 Criticism. \n\nIt was nearly a century and a quarter ago that St. Louis\'s first \narrival proclaimed the site of the future metropolis of the Mississippi \nValley. In 1762 M. Pierre Laclede Liguest and his two companions, \nAuguste and Pierre Chouteau, landed upon the site which was des- \ntined to become a great city. They were the avant-couriers and \nprincipal members of a company which had certain privileges secured \nto them by the Governor of the Territory of Louisiana, which then \nincluded the whole of Missouri, that of trading with the Indians, and \nwhich was known as the Louisiana Fur Company, with the privilege \nfurther granted of establishing such posts as their business might \ndemand west of the Mississippi and on the Missouri rivers. They \nhad been on a prospecting tour and knew something of the country, \nand on February 15, 1774, Laclede with the above named companions, \ntook possession of the ground which is now the city of St. Louis. \nThey established a trading post, took formal possession of the coun- \ntry, and called their post St. Louis. In 1768 Captain Rios took \npossession of the post as a part of Spanish territory ceded to it by \nFrance by the treaty of Paris, and it remained under the control of suc- \ncessive Spanish Governors until March 10, 1804. The Spanish govern- \nment, by the treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800, retroceded the territory \nto France, and, by purchase, France ceded the whole country to the \n(86) \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\n87 \n\n\n\n\no \n\n72 \n\nEh \n<^ \nt-i \n\n& \n\nI\xe2\x80\x94 I \n\nm \n\n00 \n\nM \n\nW \n\n\n\n<i \n\nI\xe2\x80\x94 I \n\npq \n\nE-i \n\n<1 \n\n1^ \nPh \n\nW \n\nEH \n\n\n\n88 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\nUnited States, April 30, 1803. In October of the same year Congress passed \nan act approving the purchase, and authorizing the President to take posses- \nsion of the country or Territory of Louisiana. This was done February 15, \n\n\n\n\n1804, when Captain Amos Stoddard, of the United States army, and the agent \nof the United States, received from Don Carlos Dehault Delassus, a surrender of \nthe post of St. Louis and the Territorv of Upper Louisiana. On the 10th oi \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. 89 \n\nMarch the keys to the government honse and the archives and pnblic \nproperty were turned over or delivered to the representative of the \nUnited States, the Spanish flag was lowered, the stars and stripes \nthrown to the breeze, accompanied with the roar of artillery and \nmusic, and thetransfer was complete. In 1805 St. Louis had its first \npost-office established, and the place was incorporated as a town in \n1809. It did not grow very fast, but was the recognized headquarters \nfor the territory of the west and northwest, The French, from Indiana \nand other points had settled there, and the town was decidedly French in \nits character and population. The Missouri Fur Company, which had \nits headquarters there, was organized in 1808, of which Pierre Chou- \nteau was the head. His associates were Manuel Lisa, Wm. Clark, \nSylvester Labadie, and others, and such familiar names as the Astors, \nBent, Sublette, Cabanne, General Ashly and Robert Campbell were \nprominently identified with the town and its progress. The first \npaper was issued July 2, 1808. \n\nIn 1812 the Territory of Louisiana, or that part north, was changed \nand named the Territory of Missouri, and was given Territorial rights, \nwith a representation on the floor of Congress. St. Louis w^as the \nseat of the Territorial government until 1820, and the first legislature \nmet in that town, and part of its proceedings was the removal of the \nseat of the government to St. Charles, where it remained until located \nat Jeff\'erson City in 1826. In 1822 St. Louis began to take on more \nstyle, and was incorporated as a city December 9th of that year. \nThere had been a bank established in 1817, and quite a large number \nof business houses were built and occupied, and a number of loan \noffices chartered. When St. Louis became an American city her \npopulation was 925 ; this was in 1804. When the Territor}^ was \nnamed Missouri, and she was the seat of government in 1812, \nher population had reached 2,000. William Deckers laid the first \npavement in 1818. A ferry boat had been started in 1804. The \nfirst steamboat arrived in 1817. It was a low-pressure steamboat, \nbuilt at Pittsburgh, and named the General Pike. It arrived August \n2d, and was greeted by the entire population, who gazed upon her \nwith wonder and astonishment. The Indians were a badly scare<l \ncrowd, and could not be induced to come near it. The first steamboat \nstemmed the tide of the Missouri in May, 1819, and the same year \nthe first steamboat from New Orleans put in an appearance at St. \nLouis. It was twenty-seven days en route. \n\n\n\n90 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \nBOUNDARIES AND INCORPORATION. \n\n\n\nIn 1820 the population had reached 4,928, and when incorporatea in \n1822 w;is believed to number abont 5,000, not much immiOTation havinfi^ \n\n\n\n\ncome in. The boundary lines of the city when she received her charter were \ndefined as follows : The line commencino^ at the middle of Mill Creekj \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. 91 \n\njust below the gas works, thence west to Seventh Street, and up \nSeventh Street to a point due west of "Roy\'s Tower," thence to the \nriver. The city plat embraced 385 acres of ground. \n\nThe first church was built in 1824, and was of the Presbyterian \ndenomination. The second was an Episcopal Church, erected in 1825. \nA new court-house was built in 1827, and also a market-house. These \nold-time landmarks have long since disappeared, and no mark is left \nto tell the tale of their being. The spot or location io recorded, but \nwhat that availeth is not of comprehension to the generation of to-day. \n\nADVANCEMENT. \n\nThe first brick house is said to have been erected in 1814?. The \nfirst mayor of the city was Wm. C. Lane. The St. Louis University \nwas founded in 1829 ; the Catholic Cathedral was completed in 1832 \nand consecrated by Bishop Rosetti. \n\nIn 1833 the population of St. Louis was about six thousand, and \nthe taxable property, real and personal, aggregated $2,745,000. St, \nLouis, like all other cities, felt the blighting effects of the financial \n5rash of 1837, still her progress was not wholly checked. Her vitality \nwas great, and her resources spread over the territory, in many cases, \nout 01 the reach of the troubles of the times. Her fur trade was \nimmense, and the crash had little to do with that, so that while she \nfolt "the depression in her financial circles, her commercial prosperity \nwas in no wise checked. There is very little more in the history of \nSt. L\'uis to record than the noting of her general prosperity and \nsteady on\\vard progress for the next decade. \n\nHei population in 1840 had risen to 16,469, and in 1844, 34,140. \nTho population had more than doubled in four years. Fine buildings \nhad ari^en in place of the old fur warehouses of the early French \nsettlers. Stately residences appeared in the suburbs ; and in all that \ngave promise of a" great and influential city, she had advanced and \nwas advancing rapidly. The Mercantile Library was founded in 1848, \nand gas had been introduced the year previous, the city being first \nlighted on the night of November 4, 1847. In the great cholera year, \n1849, the disease assumed an epidemic form, and of that dread scourge \nthe people had a fearful experience. The progress of St. Louis had \nbeen handsomely commemorated on the eighty-third anniversary of \nits founding, the date being February 15, 1847. Among the livino-, \nand the only survivor of the memorable trio who first landed and \nlocated the city, was the venerable Pierre Chouteau, who, with his \n\n\n\n92 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\nbrother, had accompanied Laclede Liguest, to locate a trading-post \nfor the fur company of which they were members. He was a promi- \nnent figure in the celebration, and though at an advanced age, he was \nin the enjoyment of his full faculties, and was keenly alive to the won- \nderful progress of the city in the eighty-three years of its life. In \n1849, the epidemic year, all that was mortal of Pierre Chouteau was \nconsigned to its last resting-place, and with him all living memory \nceased of the first settlement and of the rise and progress of the city. \nFrom that date history could record but written facts, the oral record \nhad ceased to exist. His elder brother, Auguste Chouteau, had pre- \n\n\n\n\nNEW CUSTOM HOUSE, ST. LOUIS. \n\nceded him to the mystic bevond, having departed this life in February, \n1829. \n\nEXTENSION OF CITY LIMITS. \n\nThe city limits had been greatly extended in 1841, embracing an \narea of two thousand six hundred and thirty acres, instead of the three \nhundred and eighty-five acres in December, 1822. This showed the \nwonderful growth of the city, which, even then, was contracted, and \nits suburbs were fast filling up. \n\nThe Institution for the Blind was incorporated in 1851, and the pop- \nulation had increased to 94,000 in 1852. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. 93 \n\n\n\nCEMETERIES. \n\n\n\nSt. Louis took pride in her "cities of the dead," for she has sev- \neral cemeteries, with wooded dales and sylvan retreats, well suited as \nthe last resting-place of those whose remains are deposited in the \n" Silent City." We will speak here of only two, because of the care \ntaken of them, their size, and their rich and diversified surroundings, \nwhich give them a lonely, yet pleasant, look to all who visit them. \nThe Bellefontaine was purchased by an association of gentlemen who \nsecured an act of incorporation in 1849, and at once commenced the \nimprovement of the ground. In 1850 the first sale of lots took place. \nThe cemetery comprises two hundred and twenty acres of land. The \nCalvary Cemetery has 320 acres, of which 100 are laid out and im- \nproved. This resting-place of the dead was purchased in 1852, by \nthe Archbishop of the Diocese ot St. Louis, and like the first above \nmentioned, is a lovel}^ and secluded spot, well suited for the purpose \nintended. \n\nBRIDGE DISASTER. \n\nLi 1854- the terrible accident, known as the Gasconade Bridge dis- \naster, occurred, when many prominent citizens of St. Louis lost their \nlives. \n\nFINANCIAL CRASH. \n\nLi 1857 the financial crash had a greater efiect upon St. Louis than \nthe one of 1837. Her merchants had been prosperous and extended \ntheir line of credits, and the rapidly growing city had brought many \nnew and venturesome people, who, believing in its future, had em- \nbarked in business enterprises which required a few more years of \nsteady rise and progress to place them on a stable foundation. These, \nof course, went down in the geneiml crash, but the stream was only \ntemporarily dammed, and the debris was soon cleared away. The \nflood-tide had set toward the west, and the greater the crash the \ngreater swelled the tide of immigration toward the setting sun. \n\nThe era of a healthy, and it would seem, permanent prosperity, \nagain dawned upon the metropolis of the Mississippi Valley in 1861, \nand this time not even the civil war, which then began to cast its bale- \nful shadow over the Union, checked its onward career, and at the \nopening of this terrible drama St. Louis claimed a population of 187,- \n000 souls. The war added to its financial and commercial prosperity, \nfor it became the entrepot of supplies for the army of the southwest, \nand the headquarters of army operations. The valuation of real es- \n\n\n\n94 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\ntate and personal property, Avhich had only been a little rising two and a half \nmillions of dollars in 1833, was now, in 1860, $73,765,670. \n\nWhat the war added was more in the line of its financial and commercial \ndevelopment than in the spreading of its area or the building up of its waste \nplaces, but when war\'s fierce alarm had ceased the tide began to flow west- \nward, and with it came the building mania, for homes and houses had to be \nprovided for the rush of new-comers. \n\nChicago, which had nearly monopolized the railroads as an objective point, \nseemed now to have secured all that would pay, and St. Louis became the \nfocus of all eyes. Kansas, Colorado and the Southwest began to loom up in \nits agricultural and mineral resources ; the vast quantities of land which had \nbeen voted by venal congressmen to great railroad corporations were noAv \nthrown upon the market, and Kansas became a leading State for the attrac- \n\n\n\n\nST. LOUIS UNION DEPOT. \n\ntion of the emigrant. In this more railroads were necessary, and the great \ncrossing of the Mississippi was at St. Louis. Then the bridging of that \ngreat river commenced, Capt. Eads having made known his plans for this \nimportantwork soon after the close of the war. The jubilee was not enjoyed, \nhowever, until 1874, when, on July 4th, the bridge was completed and opened \nto the railway companies. This was another era which marked a rapid prog- \nress in the future city of the valley. Sixteen separate and distinct lines of \nrailway centered at St. Louis with completion of the bridge, and from those \nlines and the river traffic, St. Louis was evidently sure of her future. \n\nBONDHOLDERS AND COUPON-CLIPPERS. \n\nIt was only when a concentration of wealth took a new departure that th& \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. 95 \n\nglorious future which appeared so uear became so far. The energy \nand enterprise of the people had, in a large measure, previous to \nthe war, been used toward building up the city, and embarking in \nmanufactures, etc., but soon after the war that wealth was turned into \ngovernment bonds and the energy and enterprise were concentrated \nby these rich holders in cutting coupons off of these same bonds every \nthree months, and with few exceptions they are still at the exhaustive \nwork. Whatever of advanced progress has been given to St. Louis \nthe past ten years, outside of her Aliens, Stannards, and perhaps a \nscore of others, has been by the new arrivals. It was, in \'69 or \'70, \nthat her local papers were prospecting on the enervating influence that \na hundred first-class funerals would have on the material prosperity \nof the " Future Great." The light and airy business of coupon-clip- \nping had become epidemic, and millions of dollars which ought to \nhave been invested in manufacturing and other enterprises, were sunk \nin the maelstrom of government bonds, and, so far as the material \nadvancement of the city was concerned, might as well have been bur- \nied in the ocean. Still St. Louis improved, for new arrivals of the \nprogressive order, seeing an opening, would drop in, and those who \ncould not clip coupons for a business worked on as their limited capi- \ntal would permit. And so it was found that in 1870 real estate had \nreached $119,080,800, while personal property was $147,969,660. \nIn 1875 the value of real estate had advanced $12,000,000, reaching \nthe gross sum of $131,141,000, and personal property $166,999,660, \na gain of nearly $20,000,000 in five years. The valuation January 1, \n1879, was, of real estate, $140,976,540, and personal property, $172,- \n829,980, or a total valuation of real and personal property of $313,- \n806,520, with a population of about 340,000. Great advancement \nhad taken place in blocks of magnificent buildings, in the increase of \nher wholesale trade, in the area of her city limits, in the enlargement \nother working population, so that the coupon-clippers who had stood \nat the front in 1870 now held a rear position, and were rather looked \ndown upon as drones of society, wrapped in self and the vanity of self- \nimportance, and of little use to the progress or to the detriment of the \ngreat city. Railroads run to every point of the compass. Her tunnel \nand the union depot had become a fixed fact, macadamized roads led \nto all parts of the country, miles upon miles of streets were paved \nand sidewalks laid with substantial brick or stone, street cars to every \npart of the city, and the river-front flashing with traffic, which, in \npoint of development, has exceeded the most sanguine expectation \n\n\n\n96 \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OJF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\n\nVIEW IN SHAW\'S BOTANICAL GARDENS, ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or ST. LOUIS. 97 \n\nof those who had believed in its future, while the expressions of \nthose who had built their faith on the railroads deprivhig a free \nwater-course of the wealth of her offering has been simply one of \nastonishment. \n\nI ST. LOUIS PAEKS. \n\nIn one respect St. Louis has exhibited commendable sense in having \nsecured a number of parks, breathing-places for her industrial popu- \nlation and pleasant drives for her wealthy citizens. There are no less \nthan seventeen of these beautiful places, man}^ of them small, but so \nscattered about the city as to be convenient to all her citizens. Her \ngreat park, which is called "Forest Park," has 1,372 acres, and the \n<3ity has expended in purchases, laying out and beautifying the grounds, \nnearly one million of dollars. Carondelet Park has an area of 183.17 \nacres ; O\'Fallon Park has an area of 158.32 acres, and Tower Grove \nPark 270 acres. These are the largest ; the others represent but a \nsmall number of acres each. Of the smaller ones, Lafayette Park \nleads with twenty-six acres, while the smallest, Jackson Place, has less \nthan two acres. \n\nBUILDINGS AND BANKS. \n\nThere were 1,318 brick and 369 frame buildings put up in 1878, at \na cost of $3,000,000. A very fine custom-house is approaching com- \npletion. They had, January 1, 1879, twenty-nine banks in St. Louis, \nfive of which were national banks. The combined capital of all was \n$12,406,019. This shows a healthy progress, but one of not more \nthan ordinary in the line of building improvements. It should have \nreached ten millions to show that advanced progress becoming a city \nwhich claims it is destined to become the central sun of the great \nMississippi Valley. \n\nIn 1878 there were 2,291 arrivals of steamboats, and 2,348 depart- \nures. The commerce of the river was some half a million of dollars. \nThe new barge lines and the wheat movement down the Mississippi for \nthe year 1881, including her other river traffic, will undoubtedly double \nthe business of 1878. The figures are not in, but the first half year \nhas made a wonderful increase. Her commerce is steadily improving. \nThere is not an article of domestic produce but has rapidly advanced \nin the amount received the past few years. The cereals and stock, \ncattle, sheep, and hogs, also the roots and vegetables, have rapidly \ngrown in quantity. St. Louis is the greatest mule market in the \nworld. \n\nIn its public buildings, the United States custom-house stands first \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\n98 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\na massive building of white granite, occupying a whole square, and \nwhen finished will have cost $6,000,000. The business in the custom \ndepartment will exceed two million dollars the first year of its opening. \nThe Chamber of Commerce is another magnificent structure just com- \npleted at a cost of $1,800,000. The county court-house, which also \ntakes a square of ground, and is built in the shape of a Greek cross, \nwith a fiite dome, cost $2,000,000. The county building known as the \n" Four Courts," and the city prison, is a beautiful three-story-and-a- \nhalf basement structure, which cost $1,250,000. The Polytechnic \nInstitute cost $800,000, and the magnificen\'t Southern Hotel, finished, \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nHIGH SCHOOL BUILDING, ST. LOUIS. \n\nand occupied May, 1881, cost $1 250,000 for building and furni- \nture. \n\nThere are public buildings of lesser note, many private structures of \nmagnificent jjroportions, with a wealth of beautiful surroundings ; the- \naters, hotels, etc., all that go to make up a great city ; school-houses\' \nof ample jDroportions ; churches beautiful in architectural design of \nGrecian, Doric, and Gothic, many of them being very costly in their \nbuild. One hundred and seventy-one churches are found within her \nlimits, and the denominations cover all that claim the Protestant or \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. 99 \n\nCatholic faith. The Cathedral on Walnut Street is the oldest church \nedifice, but not the most costly, in the city. \n\nThe public school library was founded in 1872, and numbers 36,000 \nvolumes. The Mercantile Library has 42,090 volumes, and contains \nnot only many valuable literary works, but many choice works of art\xc2\xbb \n\nMANUFACTURES. \n\nIn this line St. Louis is fast reaching a commanding situation. So\' \nlong as railroads commanded the freighting facilities of the city, and \nthe great highway to the sea which Providence had placed at her door \nwas ignored for man\'s more expensive route*by rail, St. Louis remained \nbut an infant in manufacturing enterprises \xe2\x80\x94 and these had succumbed \nin many instances to the power of monopolies, or to the tariff of freight \nwhich took off all the profits, and her m^re eastern competitors were \nthe gainers. But in the last two years Nature\'s great highway to the \nsea has begun to be utilized, and St. Louis has all at once opened her \neyes to the fact that she has a free railway of water to the sea, the \nequal of twenty railroads by land, and it only needs the cars (the \nbarges) to revolutionize the carrying trade of the Mississippi and Mis- \nsouri valleys. The track is free to all. He who can build the cars \ncan have the track ready at all times for use. The Father of Waters \nlies at her door ; a mountain of iron is but a few miles away ; coal, \nalso, lies nearly at her gates ; and while she has slept the sleep of years, \nthese vast opportunities might have made her, ere this, the equal of \nany manufacturing city on the globe. She will become such, for no \nother city can show such vast resources or such rapid and cheap facil- \nities for distribution. EVenthe coupon-clippers are waking up, and \nbelieve there are higher and nobler aims for man than the lavish expen- \nditure of wealth in indolence and selfish pleasure. The surplus wealth \nof St. Louis, if invested in manufacturing enterprises, would make her \nthe wonder of the continent. She may realize this some day ; when \nshe does, she will wonder at the stupidity and folly that has controlled \nher for so many years. Foundries, machine-shops, rolling-mills, cot- \nton and woolen factories, car-shops, these and a thousand other indus- \ntries are but waiting for the magic touch of an enterprising people to \ngive them life. \n\nThe year 1882 opens auspiciously for a new life. St. Louis now \nbegins to consider the question of jDrogress from a more enlightened \nstandpoint, and with a look of intelligent action. It may take a little- \ntime yet to drive sleep from her eyelids and sloth from her limbs, but\' \n\n\n\nIJISTOliY OF ST. LOUIS. 101 \n\nit looks now more than ever as though she would accomplish this and \nwake up to the full fruition of her great opportunities \xe2\x80\x94 in fact, to \nher manifest destiny. .Missouri ought to be proud of St. Louis, but \nthat cannot be while sloth lies at the portals of her gates and the dry- \nrot of old fogyism guides her present course. \n\nThe brewery business of St. Louis is one of her leading depart- \nments of trade. She has the largest establishment in the world for \nbottling beer, a building two hundred feet long and thirty feet broad. \nThe manufactnre of wine is another important business which has \nassumed immense proportions. Distilling, rectifying and wholesale \ndealing in liquors is another branch that adds a large revenue to the \ntaxable wealth of the city. There is nothing in the manufacturers\' \nline but what could sustain a healthy growth in St. Louis, if even plain \nbusiness sense is at command. Her future may be said to be all before \nher, for her manufacturing hiterests are yet in their infancy. She can \nbecome the manufacturing centre of the continent. The centre or \nreceiving point for the greatest amount of cereals any city can han- \ndle, and the stock centre also of the country, St. Louis may, with the \nopportunities within her grasp, well be called the " Future Great." \n\nCHAPTER or CRITICISM. \n\nBut the name \'\'Future Great " is used at this time by her rivals in \ntoixes of derision. That she should have ignored so many years the \ngreat and bountiful resources nature has so lavishly bestowed upon \nher, aye ! it would seem, even spurned them through an ignorance as \ndense as it is wonderful, is very strange, and has brought a stigma of \ndisgrace upon the character of her people. This action on her part \nhas not escaped the notice of men of wealth, of tow^ering ambition, of \nnerve force and of unlimited energy, and to-da}^ one of the railway \nkings of the country. Jay Gould, of New York, has grasped the \nsceptre of her commercial life and rules with a grasp of steel, and \nthrough his iron roadways run the commercial life-blood which flows \nthrough the arteries of her business life. That this neg-lect of her \ngreat opportunities should have placed it in the power of one man to \nbecome the arbiter of her fate is as humiliating as it has proved costly. \nMillions have poured into the coflers of Jay Gould, who, seeing this \nvast wealth of resources lying idle or uncared for, had the nerve to \nseize and the far-seeing judgment and enterprise to add them to his \nown personal gains. The world can admire the bold energy of the \nman, and the genius that can grasp and guide the commercial desti- \n\n\n\n102 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\n\n\niiies of an Empire, but it is none the less a blot upon the fair name, \ncapital and enterprise of a great city, and should mantle the cheek of \nevery St. Louisian with shame. The writer feels all that he has here \nwritten, but his pride as a Missburian cannot blind him to the faults of \nher people \n\nSt. Louis is an old city and there has been much written of her \nextraordinary progress, and yet whatever that progress is, has been \ncaused far more by her people being compelled to take advantage of \n\n\n\n\nWASHINGTON UNIVEKSITY, ST. LOUIS. \n\nthe opportunities within their reach than making such by their own \nenergy and enterprise. If she has grown in population and in wealth, \nit is because she could not help herself. After forty ^^ears of life, as \nlate as 1812, the currency of St. Louis was still confined to peltries, \ntrinkets, maple sugar, honey, beeswax, venison, hams, etc., in fact, \nall barter and trade, and yet those who have compiled her local history \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. 103 \n\ntalk wildly of her destiny and prophesy wonders for her in the near \nfutnre. It is best to look at St. Louis as she is to-day. It is to be \nhoped that her future growth may not take pattern after her past, and \nthat the new men who have taken her commercial future into their \nkeeping will still exhibit that towering genius for the development of \nSt. Louis that has characterized them in their eastern home. \n\nThe future of St. Louis would seem to be one of a rapidly growing \ncity, not only in population, but in commercial aud financial strength, \nas though founded upon a rock. This is the present outlook. While \nthe genius of Gould and his associates has secured millions of dollars \nby their business ventures, there are other millions still left to build \nup and add to her prosperity and greatness if rightly managed. \n\nThe tremendous energy of Gould has astonished the sleepy St. \nLouisians as much as if they had been treading upon live coals, and \nin waking up they have discovered that their sleep and indolence have \ncost them several millions. Gould, Keene, Dillon, Sage and their \nassociates do not work for nothing, and the people who claim the \n*\' Future Great " as their abiding place should lose no time in taking \na firm hold of the present and guiding her toward the great destiny \nwhich awaits her, with the winning cards in their own hands. The \nNew Yorkers have shown them a will and a way, and now let them \npractice the lesson it has cost them so much to learn. \n\nIt has been over a century since St. Louis took a start into life, and \nit is quite that since the ring of the pioneer\'s axe and the sharp crack \nof his rifle reverberated through her streets. The slow progress of \npioneer life has departed and modern civilization, with the light of \ngenius for its guide, is rapidly progressing and recording history for \nfuture generations. When in 1817 the first steamboat landed at St. \nLouis, the possibilities of what the future might be began to dawn \xe2\x96\xa0 \nupon the minds of her people, and that year may be well proclaimed \nas the dividing line between the old and the new era of St. Louis\'s \ndestiny. From that day she looked forward, not backward, .and while \nup to that time she seemed to have lived in the past, it was the future \nbefore her that then riveted her attention. She kept up a lively step \nto the music of progress for several years, and the Father of Waters \nand the mighty Missouri with their fleets of water-craft attested her \nenterprise, and she grew apace. But in a few years she ao-ain fell \nasleep, and slept until the snort of the iron horse awoke her rudely \nfrom slumber. She had grown even while she slept, because the great \nwater-way which passed her door had become the pathway of a mighty \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. lOS- \n\nbusiness. But this grand highway to the sea which had nourished \nher while she slept was at once forgotten or relegated to the rear, and \nher awakened energies were given to the prancing steed whose breath \nwas fire, that made the earth tremble at his strength, and whose speed \nwas like the wings of the wind. The railroad fever had taken posses- \nsion of the Queen City of the Valley. She grew apace and for years \nshe has reveled in the new love, and the grand old Father of Waters \nwhich had nurtured her into life was forgotten. But she has again \nawakened from her quiet dreams, and the iron horse which had lulled \nher to repose was found while bringing millions to her door to have \ntaken millions more away. And in this year of 1882 she opens her \neyes to her true destiny, and the grand Old Father of Waters, which \nshe had striven to drive from her, was once more recognized as the \nvery foundation or bed-rock of her commercial life, the power that \nwas to keep in check the absorption of her wealth, from the monopo- \nlizing influence and insatiable maw of the railway kings. She now \nproudly points to the grand old river, and the fleets of barges borne \nupon its bosom filled with the wealth of an empire, and calls on her \nsister, Chicago, to look at this glorious sight. The " Garden City" \nhas already snufi\'ed the battle from afar, and is ready to struggle for \na commercial supremacy in which there are literally millions, for \nnature has done the work, and St. Louis will win. The "City by \nthe Lake" is deserving, and had she the opportunities which have \nlain so long dormant in possession of her rival, would have been to- \nday the wonder of the world. But it is the rugged path that brings \nout man\'s energy and endurance, not the smooth road. So it is with \ncities. And so the majestic Mississippi flows on, bearing upon its \nwaters the riches of the valley, and pouring into the lap of the Queen \nCity upon its banks millions upon millions of wealth. If the spirit \nof 1882 shall continue, then St. Louis will soon become the pride of \nthe State. In reality she will be the " Future Great " of the Ameri- \ncan Continent. She that stands on the bank of this great inland sea, \nthe commerce of an empire flowing at her feet, her sails in every \nclime and country, she is indeed to become a great city, the arbiter of \nthe commercial world and the Queen City whose wealth, commanding \ninfluence, culture and refinement will attest the greatness of her peo- \nple and command the homage of the world. Such is to be the \n"Future Great" citv, St. Louis. \n\n\n\n106 HISTORY OF ST. LOUIS. \n\nSTATISTICS . \n\nDebt of St. Louis, January 1, 1881, $22,507,000 ; rate of taxation \non the $100, $1.75. \n\nThe receipts of all kinds of grain, 51,958,177 bushels. \n\nTwenty-four flouring-mills manufactured 2,077,625 barrels of flour \nin 1880. \n\nThe receipts of cotton for 1880 were 496,570 bales. \n\nThere were 12,846,169 pounds of tobacco manufactured into plug, \nfine-cut and smoking tobacco. \n\nThere were 330,935,973 feet of lumber received in 1880. \n\nSt. Louis received for the year 1880, 41,892,356 bushels of coal. \n\nSeven elevators have a total capacity of 5,650,000 bushels, and \nthree more are being erected and one other enlarged. \n\nThe aggregate of bank clearing for 1880 amounted to $1,422,- \n918,978. \' \n\nThe post-office distributed in 1880, 43,731,844 pieces, weighing \n4,250,000 pounds. \n\nPost-office orders issued numbered 53,337, and represented $879,- \nM3.90. \n\nThe value of school property is $2,851,133. \n\nThe steel bridge cost $13,000,000, and tunnel $1,500,000. \n\n\n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nHOMESTEAD EXEMPTION LAW. \n\n\n\nThe homestead exemption law of the State of Missouri has been one \nof the most enliglitened laws passed for the benefit of the people. In \nthe last session of the general assembly of the State, the spring of \n1880-81, there was a material change in the law, and it is given here \nin full. Thus every head of a family can be secure in a home of \nmoderate value, if he will not waive his right to it. There are printed \nliotes now drawn up in which there is a clause printed waiving the \nright of holding such property under that law. When a man signs \nsuch a note, his home stands in the same light as his other property. \nThese notes should never be signed unless by or with the consent of \nthe wife as well as the husband. The law reads, as amended, as fol- \nlows, and is in full force at this time : \n\nSection 1. Section twenty-six hundred and eighty-nine (2689) of \nthe Revised Statutes of Missouri, is hereby amended by striking out, \n<\' or incorporated towns and viUageg having a less population," and \ninserting in lieu thereof, " having a population of ten thousand or \nless," in twelfth line, and by inserting immediately after " dollars," \nfifteenth line, the words " and in cities and incorporated towns and \nvillages having a population less than ten thousand, such homesteads \nshall not include more than five acres of ground or exceed the total \nvalue of $1,500," so that said section as amended shall read as fol- \nlows : \n\nSec. 2689. The homestead of every housekeeper or head of a \nfamily, consisting of a dwelling-house and appurtenances, and the \nland in connection therewith, not exceeding the amount and value \nherein limited, which is or shall be used by such housekeeper, or head \nof a family as such homestead shall, together with the rents, issues \n\n( 107 ) \n\n\n\n108 LAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\nand products thereof, be exempt from attachment and execution, \nexcept as herein provided ; such homestead in the country shall not \ninclude more than one hundred and sixty acres of land, or exceed the \ntotal value of fifteen hundred dollars ; and in cities haviug a popula- \ntion of forty thousand or more, such homestead shall not include \nmore than eighteen square rods of ground, or exceed the total value \nof three thousand dollars ; and in cities having a population of ten \nthousand and less than forty thousand, such homestead shall not in- \nclude more than thirty square rods of ground, or exceed the total value \nof fifteen hundred dollars ; and in cities and incorporated towns and \nvillages having a population less than ten thousand, such homestead \nshall not include more than five acres of ground, or exceed the total \nvalue of fifteen hundred dollars ; and any married woman may file her \nclaim to the tract or lot of land occupied by her and her husband, or by \nher, if abandoned by her husband, as a homestead ; said claim shall \nset forth the tract or lot claimed, that she is the wife of the person in \nwhose name the said tract or lot appears of record, and said claim\' \nshall be acknowledged by her before some officer authorized to take \nproof or acknowledgments of instruments of writing, afiecting real \nestate, and be filed in the recorder\'s office, and it shall be the duty of \nthe recorder to receive and record the same. After the filing of such \nclaims, duly acknowledged, the husband shall be debarred from, and \nincapable of selling, mortgaging or alienating the homestead in any \nmanner whatever, and every such sale, mortgage or alienation is hereby \ndeclared null and void ; and the filing of any such claims, as aforesaid, \nwith the recorder, shall impart notice to all persons of the contents \nthereof, and all subsequent purchasers and mortgagers shall be \ndeemed, in law and equity, to purchase with notice ; Provided, how- \never, that nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to prevent \nthe husband and wife from jointly conveying, mortgaging, alienating \nor in any other manner disposing of such homestead, or any part \nthereof. \n\nApproved, March 26, 1881. \n\nHUSBAND NOT LIABLE. \n\nAn Act to exempt the\' husbaad from the payment of the debts of he wife, contracted \nbefore marriage. \n\nSection 1. The property owned by a man before his marriage, \nand that which he may acquire after his marriage by purchase, descent, \ngift, grant, devise, or any other manner whatsoever, and the profits \n\n\n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI. 109 \n\nthereof, except such as may be acquired from the wife, shall be \nexempt from all debts aud liabilities contracted or incurred by his wife \nbefore their marriage. \n\nSec. 2. All acts aud parts of acts inconsistent with this act are \nhereby repealed. \n\nApproved, March 25, 1881. \n\nEIGHTS OF MARRIED WOMEN. \n\nThe law passed by the General Assembly on the rights and privi- \nleges of married women is full and complete, is composed of fourteen \nsections, and too long to be embodied in this work. The law can be \nfound in the " Revised Statutes of Missouri, volume 1, 1876." It is \nchapter 51, and found on pages 557 to 561. \n\nHEDGES TRIMMED. \n\nIt may not be known to all that a law was passed by the General \nAssembly (1880-1881), that "every person having a hedge fence, \nover five years old, upon the line of any public road or highway in \nthis State, is hereby required to cut down the same, to the height of \nnot more than five feet nor less than four feet, every two years : Pro- \nvided, that hedge fences inclosing orchards, house-yards and stock- \nyards, shall be exempt from the provisions of this act." \n\nThe overseer of roads is to serve the notice and the owner has \nthirty days to commence, and if he fail to do it the overseer shall \nhave it done, and the owner must pay all expenses of the same. It \ncan be collected of him by law, same as revenue for road purposes. \n\nThe law passed and took efi\'ect March 16, 1881. \n\nCHANGING SCHOOL-HOUSE SITES. \n\nSection 1. The voters of any school-district in this State may \nchange the location of a school-house site when the same, for any \ncause, may be deemed necessary and notice of such contemplated \nchange shall have been given by the directors at least twenty days \nprior thereto by posting at least three written notices in three of the \nmost public places in the district where such school-house site shall \nbe located ; Provided, that in every case a majority of the voters of \nsaid district shall only be necessary to remove a site nearer the center \nof a school district, but in all cases to remove a site further from the \ncenter of a school district it shall require two-thirds of the legal \nvoters of such school district. \n\n\n\n110 LAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\nSec. 2. All acts and parts of acts in conflict with this act are \nhereby repealed. \n\nApproved March 24, 1881. \n\nMARRIAGE LICENSE. \n\nThe legislature of 1880-81 passed a marriage license act which \nmakes it necessary for persons before marriage to secure a license. \nNo person authorized to perform the marriage ceremony can legally \ndo so without first seeing the license, and a marriage performed with- \nout a license is not legal and a penalty is attached. The intent of \nthe law is to have an official record which shall stand in the courts \nand settle any dispute either of marriage or property which may \nhereafter arise. The law reads : \n\nSection 1. Previous to any marriage in this State a license for \nthat purpose shall be obtained. \n\nThe recorder of the county issues the license and the parties must \nbe, the male 21 years and the female 18 years of age. If younger, \nthe parents or guardian must give consent. \n\nPURCHASING BOOKS BY SUBSCRIPTION. \n\nThe business of publishing books by subscription, having so often \nbeen brought into disrepute by agents making representations and \ndeclarations not authorized by the puNisher, in order to prevent that \nas much as possible, and that there may be more general knowledge \nof the relation such agents bear to their principal, and the law gov- \nernino- such cases, the following statement is made : \n\nA subscription is in the nature of a contract of mutual promises, \nby which the subscriber agrees to pay a certain sum for the work \ndescribed ; the consideration is that the publisher shall publish the \nbook named, and deliver the same, for which the subscriber is to pay \nthe price named. The nature and character of the toork are described \nby the prospectus and sample shown. These should be carefidly \nexamined before subscribing, as they are the basis and consideration \nof the promise to pay, and not the too often exaggerated statements \nof the agent, who is merely employed to solicit subscriptions, for which \nhe is usually paid a commission for each subscriber, and has no \nauthority to change or alter the conditions upon which the subscrip- \ntions are authorized to be made b)^ the publisher. Should the agent \nassume to aoTee to make the subscription conditional, or modify or \nchange the agreement of the jpublisher, as set out by the prospectus \n\n\n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI. Ill \n\nand sample, in order to hind the principal, the subscriber should see \nthat such condition or changes are stated over or in connection ivith \nhis signature, so that the publisher may have notice of the same. \n\nAll persons making contracts in reference to matters of this kind, \nor any other business, should remember ^^a^ the law as written is, \nthat they can not be altered, varied, or rescinded verbally, but if \ndone at all, must be done in writing. It is therefore important that \nall persons contemplating subscribing should distinctly understand that \nall talk before or after the subscription is made is not admissible as \nevidence, and is no part of the contract. \n\nPersons employed to solicit subscriptions are known to the trade as \ncanvassers. They are agents appointed to do a particular business \nin a prescribed mode and have no authority to do it any other way \nto the prejudice of their principal, nor can they bind their principal \nin any other manner. They can not collect money, or agree that \npayment be made in anything else but money. They can not extend \nthe time of payment beyond the time of delivery nor bind their prin- \ncipal iov the payment of expenses incurred in their business. \n\nIt would save a great deal of trouble, and often serious loss, if \npersons, before signing their names to any subscription book, or any \nwritten instrument, would examine carefully ivhat it is; and if they \ncannot read themselves call on some one disinterested who can. \n\n\n\nFORMS OF DEEDS, LEASES, MORTGAGES, Etc. \n\nGENERAL FORM OF WILL FOR REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY. \n\nI, James Johnson, of the town of Muncie, county of Delaware, and \nState of Indiana, being aware of the uncertainty of life, and in failing \nhealth, but of sound mind and memory, do make and declare this to \nbe my last will and testament, in manner as follows, to-wit : \n\nFirst \xe2\x80\x94 I give, devise and bequeath to my son, James Horace John- \nson, $1,000 in bank stock, of the First National Bank of Boston, and \nthe farm owned by myself, in the township of Washington, Shelby \ncounty, Missouri, and consisting of eighty acres of land with all the \nhouses, tenements and improvements thereunto belonging, to have \nand to hold unto my said son, his heirs and assigns forever. \n\nSecond \xe2\x80\x94 I give, devise and bequeath to each of my two daughters. \n\n\n\n112 LAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\nIda Louisa Johnson and Annie May Johnson, each $1,000 in cash, and \neach one a quarter section of land owned by myself in the township \nof Jasper, Henry county, Illinois, and recorded in my name in the \nrecord of said county, where said land is located ; the north 160 acres \nto go to Ida Louisa, my eldest daughter. \n\nThird \xe2\x80\x94 I give, devise and bequeath to my son, Thomas Alfred \nJohnson, ten shares of railroad stock in the Mississippi & Ohio Rail- \nroad, and my lot, with the residence thereon, in Dayton, Ohio, with \nall the improvements and appurtenances thereunto belonging, which \nsaid real estate is recorded in my name in the county where situated. \n\nFourth \xe2\x80\x94 I give to my wife Samuella Richardson Johnson, all my \nhousehold furniture, goods, chattels and personal property about my \nhome not hitherto disposed of, including |5,000 of bank stock, in the \nMerchants\' National Bank of Toledo, Ohio, fifteen shares in the Mis- \nsissippi & Ohio Railroad, and the free and unrestricted use, possession \nand benefit of the home farm so long as she may live, in lieu of dower \nto which she is entitled by law, said farm being my present place \nof residence. \n\nFifth \xe2\x80\x94 It is also my will and desire that at the death of my wife, \nSamuella Richardson Johnson, or at any time when she may arrange \nto relinquish her life interest in the above mentioned homestead, the \nsame may revert to my above named children, or to the lawful heirs \nof each. \n\nAnd .Lastly \xe2\x80\x94 I nominate and appoint as executors of this, my last \nwill and testament, my Avife, Samuella Richardson Johnson, and my \neldest son, James Horace Johnson. \n\nI further direct that my debts and necessary funeral expenses shall \nbe paid from moneys now on deposit in the Savings Bank of Dayton, \nOhio, the residue of such money to revert to my wife, Samuella Rich- \nardson Johnson, for her use forever. \n\nIn witness whereof, I, James Johnson, to this, mj\'- last will and \ntestament, have hereunto set my hand and seal, this fourth day of \nDecember, 1876. \n\nJames Johnson. \n\nSio\'ned and declared by James Johnson as and for his last will and \ntestament, in the presence of us, who, at his request and in his pres- \nence and in the presence of each other, have subscribed our names \nhereunto as witnesses thereof. \n\nThomas Dugan, Dayton, Ohio. \nRochester McQuade, Cincinnati, Ohio. \n\n\n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI. 113 \n\nCODICIL. \n\n"Whereas, I, James Johnson, did, on the fourth day of December, \n1876, make my last will and testament, I do now, by this writing, add \nthis codicil to my said will, to be taken as a part thereof. \n\nWhereas, By the dispensation of Providence, my daughter Ida \nLouisa has deceased, October 10th, 1877 ; and \n\nWhereas, A son has been born to me, which son is now christened \nJohn Wesley Johnson, I give and bequeath to him my gold watch, and \nall right, interest and title in lands, bank stock and chattels bequeathed \nto my deceased daughter, Ida Louisa, in the body of this will. \n\nIn witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 10th \nday of January, 1878. \n\nJames Johnson. \n\nSigned, sealed, published and declared to us by the testator, James \nJohnson, as and for a codicil to be annexed to his last will and testa- \nment, and we, at his request and in his presence, and in the presence \nof each other, have subscribed our names as witnessess thereto, at the \ndate hereof. \n\nThos. Dugan, Dayton, Ohio. \nCharles Jackson, Cincinnati, Ohio. \n\nform of lease. \nThis article of agreement, made and entered into on this \n\n\n\nday of A. D. 188-, by and between , of the county of \n\n, and State of Missouri, of the first part, and , of the \n\ncounty of , and State of Missouri, of the second part, wit- \n\nnesseth that the said party of the first part has this day leased unto \nthe party of the second part the following described premises, to-wit : \n\n\\_IIere insert description.\'] \n\nfor the term of from. and after the day of A. D. \n\n18 8-, at the rent of dollars, to be paid as follows, \n\nto-wit : \n\n\\_Here insert terms. ~\\ \n\nAnd it is further agreed that if any rent shall be due or unpaid, or \nif default be made in any of the covenants herein contained, it shall \nthen be lawful for the said party of the first part to re-enter the said \npremises, or to distrain for such rent ; or he may recover possession \n\n\n\n114 LAWS or MISSOURI. \n\nthereof by action of forcible entry and detainer, or he may use all or \nany of the remedies to effect such possession. \n\nAnd the party of the second part agrees to pay to the party of the \nfirst part the rent as above stated, except when said premises are unten- \nantable by reason of fire, or from any other cause than the careless- \nness of the party of the second part, or persons family, or in \n\nemploy, or by superior force or inevitable necessity. And the said \n\nparty of the second part covenants and agrees that \xe2\x80\xa2 will use the \n\nsaid premises as a , and for no other purpose whatsoever ; and \n\n^\\^c^^ especially will not use said premises, or permit the same to \n\nbe used, for any unlawful business or purposes whatsoever ; that \n\nwill not sell, assign, underlet, or relinquish said premises without the \n\nwritten consent of the lessor, under a penalty of a forfeiture of all \n\nrio-hts under this lease, at the election of the party of the first part ; \n\nand that use all due care and diligence in guarding said property, \n\nwith the buildings, gates, fences, trees, vines, shrubbery, etc., from \n\ndamaoes by fire and the depredation by animals ; that will keep \n\nbuildi^io-s, gates, fences, etc., in as good repair as they now are, or may \nat any time be placed by the lessor, damages by superior force, inev- \nitable necessity, or fire from any other cause than from the careless- \nness of the lessor, or persons of family, or in employ,. \n\nexcepted ; and that upon the expiration of this lease, or upon a breach \n\nby said lessee of any of the said covenants herein contained, \n\nwill, without further notice of any kind, quit and surrender the \noccupancy and possession of said premises in as good condition as \nreas:\xc2\xbbnable use, natural wear and decay thereof will permit, damages \nby fire as aforesaid, superior force, or inevitable necessity, alone \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0excepted. \n\nIn witness whereof, the said parties have subscribed their names on \nthe date first-above written. \n\nSigned in presence of \n\nreal estate mortgage. \n\nKnow all men by these presents : That , of county, \n\nand State of , in consideration of dollars, in hand paid \n\n^jy .^ of county, and State of , do hereby sell and \n\nconvey unto the said the following described premises, situated \n\nin the county of , and State of , to-wit : \n\n\\_Here insert description. 1 \n\n\n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI. 115 \n\nand do hereby covenant with the said that lawfully seized \n\nof said premises, that they are free from incumbrance, that have \n\ngood, right and lawful authority to sell and convey the same ; and \n\ndo hereby covenant to warrant and .defend the same against the law- \nful claims of all persons whomsoever. To be void upon the condition \n\nthat the said shall pay the full amount of principal and interest \n\nat the time therein specified, of certain promissory notes, for the \n\nsum of dollars, \n\nOne note for $ \xe2\x80\x94 , due , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 , with interest annually at \xe2\x80\x94 per cent^ \n\nOne note for $ \xe2\x80\x94 , due , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 , with interest annually at \xe2\x80\x94 per cent* \n\nOne note for | \xe2\x80\x94 , due , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 , with interest annually at \xe2\x80\x94 per cent. \n\nAnd the said mortgagor agrees to pay all taxes that may be levied \nupon the above described premises. It is also agreed by the mort- \ngagor that if it becomes necessary to foreclose this mortgage, a rea- \nsonable amount shall be allowed as an attorney\'s fee for foreclosing. \nAnd the . hereby relinquishes all her right of do\'^^ er and home- \nstead in and to the above described premises. \n\nSigned the day of , A, D. 18 \xe2\x80\x94 . \n\n\n\nCHATTEL MORTGAGE. \n\nKnow all men by these presents : That , of county,. \n\nand State of , in consideration of dollars, in hand paid \n\nby , of county, and State of , do hereby sell and con- \nvey unto the said the following described personal property, \n\nnow in the possession of , in the county of , State of ^ \n\nto-wit : \n\n[jE?e?\'e insert description. "l \n\nand do hereby warrant the title of said property, and that it is free \nfrom any incumbrance or lien. The only right or interest retained by \ngrantor in said property being the right of redemption herein provided. \nThis conveyance to be void upon condition that the said grantor shall \npay to said grantee, or his assigns, the full amount of principal and \n\ninterest at the time therein specified, of certain promissory notes \n\nof even date herewith, for the sum of dollars. \n\nOne note for $ \xe2\x80\x94 , due , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 , with interest annually at \xe2\x80\x94 per cent. \n\nOne note for $ \xe2\x80\x94 , due , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 , with interest annually at \xe2\x80\x94 per cent. \n\nOne note for $ \xe2\x80\x94 , due , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 , with interest annually at \xe2\x80\x94 ^per cent* \n\nThe grantor to pay all taxes on said property, and if at any \ntime any part or portion of said notes should be due and unpaid, said \n\n\n\n116 LAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\ngrantor may proceed by sale or foreclosure to collect and pay himself \nthe unpaid balance of said notes, whether due or not, the grantor to \npay all necessary expenses of such foreclosure, including $ attor- \nney\'s fees, and whatever remains, after paying off said notes and ex- \nIDenses, to be paid over to said grantor. \n\nSigned the day of , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 . \n\n\n\nQUITCLAIM DEED. \n\nKnow all men by these presents : That , of county, \n\nState of , in consideration of \xe2\x80\x94 dollars, to in hand \n\npaid by , of county, and State of , the receipt \n\nwhereof do hereby acknowledge, have bargained, sold and quit- \nclaimed, and by these presents do bargain, sell and quitclaim unto the \n\nsaid , and to heirs and assigns forever, all right, \n\ntitle and interest, estate, claim and demand, both in law and in \nequity, and as well in possession as in expectancy, of, in and to the \nfollowing described premises, to-wit : \n\n\\_Here insert description.\'^ \n\nWith all and singular the hereditaments and appurtenances thereto \nbelongino;. \n\nSigned this day of , A. D. 18 \xe2\x80\x94 . \n\nSigned in presence of \n\n\n\nwarranty deed. \n\nKnow all men by these presents : That , of county, \n\nand State of , in consideration of the sum of dollars in \n\nhand paid by , of county, and State of , do hereby sell \n\nand convey unto the said , and to \xe2\x80\xa2 heirs and assigns, the \n\nfollowing described premises, situated in the county of , State \n\nof Missouri, to-wit : \n\n[_Here insert description. ~\\ \nAnd do hereby covenant with the said that a \n\n\n\nlawfully seized in fee simple of said premises, that they are free from \n\nincumbrance ; that ha \xe2\x80\x94 good right and lawful authority to sell \n\nthe same, and do hereby, covenant to warrant and defend said \n\n\n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI. 117 \n\npremises, and appurtenances thereto belonging, against the lawful \nclaims of all persons whomsoever ; and the said hereby relin- \nquishes all her right of dower and of homestead in and to the above \ndescribed premises. \n\nSigned the day of , A. D. 18 \xe2\x80\x94 . \n\nSigned in presence of \n\n\n\nACKNOWLEDGMENT. \n\n\n\nAll forms of deeds, mortgages, or bond for deed, shall have the \nfollowing; form of acknowledgment : \n\n\n\ni ss. \n\n\n\nState of Missouri, \nCounty of \n\nBe it remembered, that on this day of , 18 \xe2\x80\x94 , before \n\nme the undersigned, a \xe2\x80\x94 \xe2\x80\x94 in and for said county, personally ap- \npeared , to me personally known to be the identical person who \n\nexecuted the above (deed, mortgage, etc.), as , and acknowledged \n\nsignature thereto to be voluntary act and deed. \n\nWitness my hand and seal, the day and year last above written. \n\n\n\nNOTES. \n\nForm of note is legal, worded in the simplest way, so that the \namount and time of payment are mentioned : \n\n$100. New York, Sept. 1, 1881. \n\nSixty days after date I promise to pay to John Doe, or order, one \nhundred dollars, for value received, with interest. \n\nEichard Koe.. \n\nA note to be payable in anything else but money, needs only the \narticle substituted in the above form. " With interest," means at the \nlegal rate, and any other rate must be mentioned, or if no interest is to \nbe paid until after the maturity of the note it should be so stated. \n\nORDERS. \n\nOrders should be simply worded : \nMr. D. H. Waters. St. Louis, Mo., January 2, 1881. \n\nPlease pay J. Walker twenty-five dollars and charge to account of \n\nJ. Turner. \n\n\n\n118 LAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\nIf it is to be paid in trade it should be so expressed after the word \ndollars. \n\nRECEIPTS. \n\nEeceipts should state when received and for what ; thus : \n$100. St. Louis, January 1, 1878. \n\nEeceived of J. W. Hardin one hundred dollars, for services in the \nharvest field, to date, in full. \n\nOr, \n\nEeceived of J. W. Hardin fifty dollars, for one week\'s work of self \n\nand team, in hauling stone, in full. \n\nE. W. Fields. \n\nIf only part is paid it should read, "on account," instead of " in \nfull." \n\nBILL OF PURCHASE. \n\nIt should state each article and price, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nSt. Louis, Mo., January 1, 1878. \nJ. W. Shattuck, \n\nBought of J. D. Adams. \nTo 5 Yards Jeans, at . . \'. .50 . . . . . . . $2 50 \n\n" 20 " Brown Domestic . . .08 I 60 \n\n\n\nEeceived payment, $4= 10 \n\nJ. D. Adams. \nVALUABLE RULES. \n\nHow to find the gross and net weight of a hog, is by the rule that a \nhog\'s net weight is one-fifth less than his gross weight. For instance, \n:a hog weighing 400 pounds gross, would, when dressed, weigh 320. \n\nA good rule to find the capacity of a granary or a wagon-bed is \nmultiply by (short method) the number of cubic feet by 6308, and \npoint off one decimal place \xe2\x80\x94 the result will be the correct answer in \nbushels and tenths of bushels. \n\nTo ^nd the contents of a corn-crib multiply the number of cubic \nfeet by 54 (short method) or by 4|- ordinary method, and point off \none decimal \xe2\x80\x94 the result will be the answer in bushels. This rule \napplies when it is first cribbed and before the corn shrinks. \n\nFor the contents of a cistern or tank, multiply the square of the \nmean diameter by the depth (all in feet) and this product by 5681 \n(short method) and point off one decimal place \xe2\x80\x94 the result will be \nthe contents in barrels of 31i- gallons each. \n\nTo measure boards multiply the length (in feet) by the width (in \n\n\n\nLAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\n119 \n\n\n\ninches), divide the product by 12 \xe2\x80\x94 the result will be the contents in \nsquare feet. \n\nNote. \xe2\x80\x94 This is the correct measurement for every inch of thickness. \nThe same in substance is the rule for scantling, joists, planks, sills, \netc. Multiply the width, thickness and length together (the width \nand thickness in inches and the length in feet) and divide the product \nbj 12 \xe2\x80\x94 the result will be square feet. \n\nTo find the number of brick required in a building, multiply the \nnumber of cubic feet by 221. The number of cubic feet is found by \nmultiplying the length, height and thickness (in feet) together. \n\nA congressional township is thirty-six sections, each a square mile. \n\nA section of land is 640 acres. \n\nA quarter section, 160 acres, is a half a mile square. \n\nEighty acres is half a mile long and one-quarter of a mile wide. \n\nForty acres is a quarter of a mile square. \n\nThe sections of a congressional township are all numbered from one \nto thirty-six, commencing at the northeast corner of the township. \n\nOne hundred and ninety-six pounds is one barrel of flour. \n\nTwo hundred pounds is one barrel of pork. \n\nFifty-six pounds is called a firkin of butter. \n\nA cord of wood is four feet wide, four feet high, and eight feet long. \n\nWEIGHTS AND MEASURES. \n\nThe lawful weight of the following articles is the following number of \npounds per bushel, and so understood when no special contract is made : \n\n\n\nApples, peaches and quinces . . 48 \nCherries, grapes, currants or gooseber- \nries . . . . . . .40 \n\nStrawberries, raspberries or blackber- \nries . 32 \n\nOsage-orange seed . . . .32 \n\nMillet seed 45 \n\nClover seed 60 \n\nFlax seed 5() \n\nSorghum seed 30 \n\nTimothy seed . . . . .45 \n\nHemp seed 44 \n\nBroom-corn seed . . . .30 \n\nBlue-grass seed . . . .14 \n\nHungarian grass seed . . . .45 \n\nSweet potatoes 46 \n\nCastor beans . . . . .46 \nDried apples . . . . .24 \n\n\n\nDried peaches 33 \n\nRye 5g \n\nSalt . 50 \n\nSand 130 \n\nLime . 80 \n\nBeans qq \n\nBran . . . . . . .20 \n\nOats 33 \n\nWheat 60 \n\nBarley 43 \n\nBuckwheat .52 \n\nCorn-meal 4.3 \n\nStone coal gO \n\nCorn, in the ear 70 \n\nPotatoes 60 \n\nOnions 57 \n\nShelled corn 5^ \n\n\n\nThere is a fine and penalty attached for giving false weights. \n\n\n\n120 LAWS OF MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nMISSOURI GAME LAW. \n\n\n\nThere have been so many violations of the game law that its publica- \ntion is one of interest. Many persons violate this law through ignor- \nance, and others wilfully. The penalty is here given for all such acts. \nEvery good citizen and lover of hunting is interested in preventing \nthe law from being trampled upon, and those wilfully breaking it should \nbe forced to pay the penalty. A synopsis of the law is as follows : , \n\nIt is unlawful to kill, catch or have in possession any deer between. \nJanuary 15th and September 1st. \n\nWild turkey between March 1st and September 15th. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2Prairie chickens between February 1st and August 15th. \n\nQuail or pheasant between February 1st and October 15th. \n\nWoodcock between January lOtli and July 1st. \n\nTurtle doves, meadow larks and plover between February 1st and \nAugust 1st. \n\nWild song birds or insectiverous birds cannot be killed at any time. \n\nIt is unlawful to net or trap any quail, prairie chicken, or any of the \nbirds named above. \n\nIt is unlawful to have in possession or purchase or sell any of the \ngame or animals named above when the killing is prohibited. \n\nIt is unlawful to have in possession or to sell any of the game birds \nnamed that do not show shot marks, it being prima facie evidence \nthat they have been trapped or netted contrary to law. \n\nIt is unlawful for any railroad, express company, or other carrier, \nto receive for transportation any of the birds or game mentioned, \nwhen the killing of the same is prohibited. \n\nEvery person who shall violate any of the above named laws shall \nbe guilty of misdemeanor and punished by a fine not exceeding $20 for \neach bird or animal killed, netted, trapped or found in his possession. \n\nAny violators of these laws can be prosecuted before any police \njustice, recorder, or justice of the peace, or other court having juris- \ndiction to try cases of misdemeanor. \n\nOne-half of any fines collected will be paid to the informer and the \nbalance to the school fund of the county. It is the duty of all con- \nstables, marshals, market-masters and police ofiicers, to arrest all \npersons violating any of the game laws, and take them before the \ncourts having jurisdiction to hear and try complaints. \n\nCalifornia quail cannot be killed before October, 1883. \n\nMessina quail cannot be killed before January 1st, 1886. \n\nHawks, owls, eagles and crows can be killed at any time, and the- \ndestruction of these birds and their nests is recommended. \n\n\n\nSTATISTICS. \n\n\n\n121 \n\n\n\nPOPULATION OP THE UNITED STATES BY KACES\xe2\x80\x94 1880. \n\n\n\n1 \n2 \n8 \n4 \n5 \n6 \n7 \n8 \n9 \n10 \n11 \n12 \n13 \n14 \n15 \n16 \n17 \n18 \n19 \n20 \n21 \n22 \n23 \n24 \n25 \n26 \n27 \n28 \n29 \n30 \n31 \n32 \n33 \n34 \n35 \n36 \n37 \n88 \n89 \n40 \n41 \n42 \n43 \n44 \n45 \n46 \n47 \n\n\n\nSTATES AND TERRITORIES. \n\n\n\nAlabama .... \nArizona .... \nArkancas .... \nCalifornia .... \nColorado .... \nConnecticut . . . \n\nDakota \n\nDelaware \n\nDistrict of Columliia \nFlorida .... \nGeorgia .... \nIdaho \n\n\n\nIllinois . . . . \n\nIndiana . . . \n\nIowa . . . . \n\nKansas . . . . \n\nKentucky . . . \n\nLouisiana . . . \n\nMaine . . . . \n\nMarj\'land . . . \n\nMassachusetts . \n\nMichigan . . . \n\nMinnesota . . \n\nMississippi . . \n\nMissouri . . . \n\nMontana . . . \n\nNebraska\' . . . \n\nNevada . . . \nNew Hampshire \n\nNew Jersey . . \n\nNew Mexico . . \n\nNew York . . \n\nNorth Carolina . \n\nOhio . . . . \n\nOregon . . . . \nPennsj\'lvania \nRhode Island \n\nSouth Carolina . \n\nTennessee . . . \nTexas .... \n\nUtah , . . . \n\nVermont . . . \n\n"Virginia . . . \nWashiiig\'cn . \n\nWest Vii-gM.i;t . \n\nWisconsin . . \n\nWyoming . . \n\n\n\nTotal United States \n\n\n\n5<^ \n\nC 00 \n\n\n\nl,2G-2, \n40 \n802, \n864 \n194 \n622. \n135. \n146, \n177, \n267. \n\n1,539, \n32. \n\n3,078. \n\n1,978. \n\n1,624, \n995, \n\n1,648, \n940, \n648, \n934, \n\n1,783, \n\n1,636, \n780, \n\n1,131, \n\n2,168, \n\n39, \n\n452, \n\n62. \n\n346, \n\n1,130, \n118, \n\n5,033 \n\n1,400, \n\n3,198. \n174, \n\n4,282, \n276, \n995, \n\n1,542, \n\n1,592 \n143 \n322, \n\n1,512! \n\n75. \n\n618. \n\n1,315. \n20. \n\n\n\n,794 \n441 \n,564 \n,686 \n,649 \n,688 \n180 \n654 \n638 \n351 \n048 \n611 \n769 \n362 \n620 \n966 \n708 \n103 \n945 \n632 \n012 \n331 \n806 \n592 \n804 \n157| \n433 \n265 \n984 \n9831 \n430\' \n\n8io: \n\n047 \n\n239 \n764 \n786, \n528 \n622 \n4i5o \n574 \n906 \n286 \n806 \n120 \n443 \n480 \n788 \n\n\n\n661,986 \n35,178 \n591,611 \n767,266 \n191,452 \n610,884 \n133,177 \n120,198 \n118,236 \n141,249 \n814,218 \n29,011 \n\n3,032,174 \n\n1,939,093 \n\n1,614,510 \n952,056 \n\n1,877,077 \n455,063 \n646,903 \n724,718 \n\n1,764,082 \n\n1,614,078 \n776,940 \n479,371 \n\n2,023,568 \n\n35,468 \n\n449,805 \n\n53,574 \n\n346,264 \n\n1,091,856 \n107,188 \n\n5,017,142 \n867,467 \n\n3,118,344 \n163,087: \n\n4,197,106 \n269,934 \n391,258 \n\n1,139,120 \n\n1,197,493 \n142,381 \n331,243 \n880,739 \n67,349 \n592,433 \n\n1,309,622 \n19,436 \n\n\n\n50.152,866 43,402,408 6,577,497 105,679 \n\n\n\nQ \n\n\n\n600,141 \n\n138 \n\n210,622 \n\n6,168 \n\n2,459 \n\n11,422 \n\n381 \n\n26,456 \n\n59,878 \n\n125,262 \n\n724,654 \n\n58 \n\n46,248 \n\n88,988 \n\n9,442 \n\n43,096 \n\n271,462 \n\n483,898 \n\n1,427 \n\n209,897 \n\n18,644 \n\n14,986 \n\n1,558 \n\n650,337 \n\n145,046 \n\n202 \n\n2,376 \n\n465 \n\n646 \n\n88,796 \n\n907 \n\n64,943 \n\n531,316 \n\n79,655 \n\n493 \n\n85,342 \n\n6,503 \n\n604,325 \n\n402,992 \n\n394,007 \n\n204 \n\n1,032 \n\n631,996 \n\n357 \n\n25,729 \n\n2,724 \n\n299 \n\n\n\nO \n\n\n\n4 \n1,632 \n134 \n75,122 \n610 \n180 \n238 \n\n\n\n18 \n\n18 \n\n17 \n\n3,378 \n\n214 \n\n37 \n\n47 \n\n22 \n\n10 \n\n483 \n\n8 \n\n6 \n\n256 \n\n29 \n\n54 \n\n52 \n\n94 \n\n1,737 \n\n18 \n\n5,423 \n\n14 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 182 \n\n55 \n\n942 \n\n1 \n\n117 \n\n9,508 \n\n170 \n\n27 \n\n9 \n\n26 \n\n142 \n\n518 \n\n6 \n\n3,227 \n\n14 \n\n16 \n\n914 \n\n\n\n> CO \n\n\n\n,=1 o \n\n\n\n213 \n8,493 \n\n197 \n16,130 \n\n128 \n\n241 \n1,384 \n\n\n\n6 \n\n.37 \n\n94 \n\n164 \n\n138 \n\n238 \n\n464 \n\n792 \n\n50 \n\n819 \n\n607 \n\n11 \n\n841 \n\n7,238 \n\n2,254 \n\n1,832 \n\n96 \n\n1,750 \n\n233 \n\n2,808. \n\n60 \n\n58 \n\n10,280 \n\n788 \n\n1,216 \n\n113 \n\n1,679 \n\n168 \n\n67 \n\n114 \n\n826 \n\n932 \n\n804 \n\n11 \n\n65 \n\n4,187 \n\n17 \n\n8,118 \n\n189 \n\n\n\n65,880 \n\n\n\nPER CENT OF INCREASE PROM 1870 TO 1880. \n\n\n\nTotal population 30.06 percent. \n\nWhite population 28.82 " \n\nColored population 34.78 " \n\n\n\nChinese population 67.07 percent. \n\nIndian population (civilized \n\nor taxed) 156.02 " \n\n\n\n122 \n\n\n\nSTATISTICS. \n\n\n\nThe inhabitants of Alaska and the Indian Territory (both unorgan- \nized as yet) are not included in the above total. The census of \nAlaska in 1880 showed: White, 392; Creoles (issue of intermarriage \nbetween the whites and natives), 1,683; Aleuts, 1,960; Innuits, \n17,488; Indians, 8,655; total, 30,178. \n\nThe Indian Territory is estimated to contain 60,000 to 75,000 in- \nhabitants. \n\nThe Indians included in the census in each State and Territory are \nthose reckoned as civilized, or outside of tribal organizations. Indians \nnot taxed are by law excluded from the census. Estimates of their \nnumbers vary widely \xe2\x80\x94 from 200,000 to 350,000 (the latter as esti- \nmated in the census of 1870). \n\nIn the Chinese column (for want of space elsewhere) have been \nreckoned a very few Japanese, East Indians and Sandwich Islanders, \nnot exceeding 250 in all. \n\n\n\n1850 9,201 \n\n1855 18,374 \n\n1860 30,635 \n\n1865 35,085 \n\n\n\nMILES OF RAILROAD IN THE UNITED STATES. \n\n1870 52,914 \n\n1875 74,374 \n\n1880 84,715 \n\n\n\nThere were in the whole world, January 1, 1881, 192,952 miles of railway. \n\n\n\nTELEGRAPH LINES AND WIRES. \n\nIn 1866, there were 37,380 miles of telegraph line in the United \nStates, and 75,685 miles of wire; in 1870, 54,109 miles of line and \n112,191 miles of wire; in 1875, 72,833 miles of line and 179,496 \nmiles of wire; in 1880, 85,645 miles of line and 233,534 miles of \nwire. \n\nThere were 29,216,509 telegraph messages sent in the year 1880. \n\nCOTTON CROP OF THE UNITED STATES, TEARS ENDING SEPTEMBER 1. \n\n\n\nYear. \n\n\nBales. \n\n\nYear. \n\n\nBales. \n\n\nYear. \n\n\nBales. \n\n\n1841 \n\n\n1,634,945 \n1,683,574 \n2,368,375 \n2,030,409 \n2,394,503 \n2,100,537 \n1,778,651 \n2,347,634 \n2,728,596 \n2,096,706 \n2,355,257 \n3,015,029 \n3,262,822 \n\n\n1854 \n\n1855 \n\n\n2,.930,027 \n\n2,847,339 \n\n3,527,845 \n\n2,939,519 \n\n3,113,962 \n\n3,851,481 \n\n4,669,770 \n\n3,656,006 \n\nNo rec\'d. \nt( \n\n(( \n\n<< \n\n2,193,987 \n\n\n1867 \n\n\n2,019,774 \n\n\n1842 \n\n\n1868 \n\n\n2,593,993 \n\n\n1843 \n\n\n1856 : . \n\n1857 \n\n\n1869 \n\n\n2,439,039 \n\n\n1844 \n\n\n1870 \n\n\n3,154,946 \n\n\n1845.. \n\n\n1858 \n\n\n1871 \n\n\n4,352.317 \n\n\n1846 \n\n\n1859 \n\n\n1872 \n\n\n2,974,351 \n\n\n1847 \n\n\n1860 \n\n1861 \n\n\n1873 \n\n\n3,930,508 \n\n\n1848 \n\n\n1874 \n\n\n4,170,388 \n\n\n1849 \n\n\n1862 , \n\n\n1875 . \n\n1876 \n\n\n3,832,991 \n\n\n1850 \n\n\n1863.. \n\n\n4,669,288 \n4,485,423 \n\n\n1851 \n\n\n1864 \n\n\n1877 \n\n\n1852 \n\n\n1865 \n\n\n1878 \n\n\n4,811,265 \n5,073,531 \n\n\n1858 \n\n\n1866 \n\n\n1879 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nSTATISTICS. \n\nThe crop for 1880 is given by States, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nstates. \n\n\n\nMississippi \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0Georgia \n\nTexas \n\nAlabama \n\nArkansas \n\nSouth Carolina. \nJjouisiana \n\n\n\nBales. \n\n\n\n955,808 \n813,965 \n801,090 \n699,576 \n606,980 \n522,548 \n506,764 \n\n\n\nStates. \n\n\n\n123 \n\n\n\nNorth Carolina.., \n\nTennessee \n\nFlorida \n\nMissouri \n\nIndian Territory \n\nVirginia \n\nKentucky \n\n\n\nBales. \n\n\n\n389,516 \n380,624 \n54,997 \n19,783 \n17,000 \n11,000 \n1,367 \n\n\n\nAREA 0\xc2\xa5 THE COAL FIELDS O\'B\' THE UNITED STATES, AND ANNUAL PRODUCTION. \n\n\n\nSTATES AND TERRITORIES. \n\n\n\n/ Anthracite.., \n\\ Bituminous , \n\n\n\nPennsylvania \n\nOhio \n\nIllinois \n\nMaryland, Bituminous \n\nWest Virginia \n\nIowa \n\nIndiana \n\nMissouri \n\nKentucky \n\nTennessee \n\nCalifornia \n\nColorado \n\nKansas \n\nOregon \n\nAlabama \n\nWashington \n\nWyoming ,. \n\nVirginia \n\nMichigan \n\nNebraska \n\nUtah \n\nRhode Island \n\nArkansas \n\nTexas \n\nGeorgia \n\n\n\nTotal. \n\n\n\n472 \n12,802 \n10,000 \n36,800 \n550 \n16,000 \n18,000 \n\n6,450 \n26,887 \n12,871 \n\n5,100 \n\n\n\n22,256 \n\n\n\n5,330 \n\n\n\n185 \n6,700 \n3,000 \n\n\n\n509 \n12,000 \n20,000 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n15,664,275 \n\n7,798,518 \n\n2,527,285 \n\n2,624,163 \n\n1,819,824 \n\n608,873 \n\n263,487 \n\n436,870 \n\n621,930 \n\n150,582 \n\n133,418 \n\n\n\n4,500 \n\n32,938 \n\n\n\n11,000 \n17,844 \n50,000 \n61,803 \n28,150 \n1,425 \n5,800 \n14,000 \n\n\n\n32,863,690 \n\n\n\nm \xc2\xab 05 \n\n\n\n26,142,689 \n\n14,500,000 \n\n5,000,000 \n\n3,500,000 \n\n1,730,709 \n\n1,250,000 \n\n1,600,000 \n\n1,000,000 \n\n900,000 \n\n1,000,000 \n\n450,000 \n\n600,000 \n\n400,000 \n\n400,000 \n\n200,000 \n\n250,000 \n\n170,000 \n\n175,000 \n\n90,000 \n\n35,000 \n\n75,000 \n\n225,000 \n\n15,900 \n\n\n\n100,000 \n\n\n\n59,808,398 \n\n\n\n124 \n\n\n\nSTATISTICS. \n\nPRESIDENTIAL TOTE EROM 1789 TO 1880. \n\n\n\n\xc2\xb1i \n\n1789 \n1796 \n\n\n\nCandidates. \n\n\n\nParty. \n\n\n\nPopular \nVote. \n\n\n\nElectoral \n\nVote. \n\n\n\nElectoral Vote ISSe.f \n\n\n\nStates. \n\n\n\nNo. \n\n\n\n1800 \n\n1804 \n\n1808 \n\n1812 \n\n1816 \n1820 \n\n1824 \n\n1828 \n\n1832 \n\n18361 \n\n1840 \n1844| \n\n1848 \n\n1852 \n1856 \n\n1860 \n\nI \n\n1864 \n1868 \n1872 \n\n1876 \n\n\n\nGeorge Washington. \n\nJohn Adams \n\nThomas Jeiferson... \nr *Thomas Jeiferson. . \n\n} Aaron Burr \n\n(John Adams \n\n(Thomas Jefferson... \nI C C. Fincliney \n\nJames Madison \n\n( C. C. Pinckney \n\n( James Madison \n\n\\ DeWitt Clinton \n\n\\ James Monroe \n\nj Rufus King \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0( James Monroe \n\n\n\n{*John Quincy Adams., \nAndrew Jackson , \nW. H. Crawford \nHenry (.Hay \n\n(Andrew Jackson \n\n( John Q. Adams \n\n{Andrew Jackson \nHenry Clay \nJohn Floyd \nWilliam Wirt \n\n( Martin Van Buren \n\n( VVm. H. Harrison et al \n\n\\ Wm. H. Harrison \n\n( Martin Van Buren \n\n( James K. Polk , \n\nI Henry Clay \' \n\n( Zachary Taylor \n\n\\ Lewis Cass \n\n( Martin Van Buren \n\n( Franklin Pierce \n\ni Winfleld Scott et al \n\ni James Buchanan \nJohn C. Fremont \nAbraham Lincoln \nJ. C. Breckenridge et al.. \n\nI Abraham Lincoln \n\nI George B. McClellan \n\n\\ Ulysses S. Grant \n\n/ Horatio Seymour \n\nj Ulysses S.Grant \n\n( Horace Greeley \n\n(R. B. Hayes \n\nJ Samuel J. Tilden \n\n( Peter Cooper et al... \n\n( James A. Garfield \n\n5 W. S. Hancock \n\n( James B. Weaver \n\n\n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nWhig. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nFederal. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nWhig. \n\nWhig. \n\nAnti-Mason, \n\nDemocrat. \n\nWhig. \n\nWhig. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nWhig. \n\nWhig. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nWhig. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nRepublican. \n\nRepublican. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nRepublican. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nRepublican. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nRepublican. \n\nDemocrat. \n\nRepublican, \n\nDemocrat. \n\nGreenback. \n\nRepublican, \n\nDemocrat. \n\nGreenback. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n1 Elect\'l vote \n\ninopposi\'n. \n\n105,321 \n\n155,872 \n\n4-1,282 \n\n46,587 \n\n646,231 \n\n509,092 \n\n687,502 \n\n530,189 \n\n\n\n761,549 \n736,656 \n1,275,011 \n1,135,761 \n1,337,243 \n1,301,382 \n1,360,099 \n1,220,554 \n29] ,26 \n1,601,474 \n1,542,403 \n1,838,160 \n1,215,768 \n1,866,352 \n2,810,.501 \n2,216,067 \n1,808,725 \n3,015,071 \n2,709,613 \n3,597,070 \n2,834,079 \n4,033,950 \n4,284,855 \n93,898 \n4,442,950 \n4,442,035 \n306,867 \n\n\n\nAll. \n\n71 \n60 \n73 \n73 \n65 \n\n148 \n28 \n\n122 \n47 \n\n128 \n89 \n\n180 \n34 \n\n\n\nAlabama . \n\nArkansas \n\nCalifornia . . . \n\nColorado \n\nConnecticut. \nDelaware. .. . \n\nFlorida \n\nGeorgia \n\nIllinois \n\nIndiana , \n\nIowa \n\nKansas \n\n\n\n84 \n\n\n\nKentucky \n\nLouisiana \n\nMaine \n\nMaryland \n\nMassachusetts. \n\nMichigan , \n\nMinnesota \n\nMississippi \n\n\n\n178 1 Missouri \n\n\n\n83 \n\n239 \n\n49 \n\n11 \n\n7 \n\n179 \n\n131 \n\n234 \n\n\n\nNebraska \n\nNevada \n\nNew Hampshire. \n\nNew Jei-sey \n\nNew York \n\nNorth Carolina.. \n\nOhio \n\nOregon \n\n60|Pennsylvania. .. . \n170lRhode Island.... \nlOSSSouth Carolina.. \n\n163 Tennessee.- \n\n127 Texas \n\n...[Vermont \n\n254 1 Virginia \n\n42 1 West Virginia... \n\n\n\n174 \n122 \n130 \n123 \n213 \n\n21 \n214 \n\n80 \n300 \n\n66 \n185 \n184 \n\n\n\nWisconsin . \n\n\n\n214 \n155 \n\n\n\nTotal. \n\n\n\n3 \n\n4 \n11 \n21 \n15 \n11 \n\n5 \n12 \n\n\n\n8 \n\n13 \n\n11 \n5 \n8 \n\n15 \n3 \n3 \n5 \n9 \n\n35 \n\n10 \n\n22 \n3 \n\n29 \n4 \n\nr \n\n12 \n8 \n5 \n\n11 \n5 \n\n10 \n\n369 \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2Elected by House of Representatives. \n\n\n\nt Election November 2, 1880. \n\n\n\nWashington, February 22, 1732. \nJ. Adams, October 30, 1735. \nJefferson, April 2, 1742. \nMadison, March 16, 1751. \nMonroe, April 28, 1758. \nJ. Q. Adams, June 11, 1767. \nJackson, March 15, 1767. \n\n\n\nPRESIDENTS BORN. \n\nVan Buren, December 5, 1782. \nHarrison, February 9, 1773. \nTylar, March 29, 1790. \nPolk, November 2, 1795. \nTaylor, November 24, 1784. \nFillmore, January 7, 1800. \nPierce, November 23, 1804. \n\n\n\nBuchanan, April 23, 1791. \nLincoln, February 12, 1809. \nJohnson, December 29, 1808. \nGrant, April 29, 1822. \nHayes, October 4, 1822. \nGarfield, November 19, 1831. \nChester A. Arthur, Oct. 5, 1830- \n\n\n\n\nCOL. WILLIAM F. SWITZLEE. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF \n\nBOONE COUNTY, MISSOURI. \n\n\n\nBy Col. Wm. T. Switzler, author of the "The History of Missouri." \n\n\n\nCHAPTER I. \n\nIntroduction \xe2\x80\x94 Boone originally a part of Howard \xe2\x80\x94 Boundaries of Howard as first \nDefined in 1816 \xe2\x80\x94 An empire \xe2\x80\x94 Boone now larger than some of the States of \nEurope \xe2\x80\x94 Its History rich in Incident and Interest \xe2\x80\x94 The Boone\'s Lick Country \xe2\x80\x94 \nEarly Stockade Forts \xe2\x80\x94 First White Settlement in Boone at "Thrall\'s Prairie " \xe2\x80\x94 \n"The old St. Charles Trail" \xe2\x80\x94 Progress of Settlement \xe2\x80\x94 Names of the First Set- \ntlers \xe2\x80\x94 First Churches \xe2\x80\x94 The First Newspaper and First Steamboat at Franklin \xe2\x80\x94 \nPublic Dinner, Speeches and Toasts \xe2\x80\x94 The Second Steamboat, and a Description \nof it \xe2\x80\x94 Prices of Provisions \xe2\x80\x94 Mail Facilities \xe2\x80\x94 Immigration \xe2\x80\x94 Smithton and Co- \nlumbia \xe2\x80\x94 July 4 1819, celebrated in Smithton \xe2\x80\x94 Proceedings and Toasts. \n\nINTRODUCTION. \n\nAt first view, and without thought or examination, it may be af- \nfirmed by some that Boone county has no history which is worthy of \nthe name, or at least which assumes such^roportions and importance \nas to merit publication in an enduring form. It is not improbable \nthat a hasty judgment would conclude that at best this history con- \nsists of few events of special interest, and that none of them have \ninfluenced the policy, development or destiny of the State. \n\nCloser and more thorough examination, however, will disclose the \nfact that Boone county has nobly and courageously borne its part in \nadvancing the progress, civilization and culture of our time, and the \ncommon prosperity and glory of the commonwealth of Missouri. \n\nOriginally its territory constituted a part of the county of Howard, \nwhich, as organized in 1816, was an empire in superficial area. The \nact of the General Assembly, approved January 13, 1816 (see Terri- \n\n(125) \n\n\n\n126 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntoi\'ial Laws, p. 460), organizing Howard county out of the territories^ \nof St. Louis and St. Charles, fixed its boundaries substantially as \nfollows : Beginning at the mouth of the Osage river, which is about \nten miles below the present Cty of Jefferson and opposite the village \nof Barkersville in Callaway county, the boundary pursued the cir- \ncuitous course of said stream " to the Osage boundary line," meaning \nthereby the eastern boundary of the Osage Indian territory, or to the \nnortheast corner of Vernon county, where the Osage river, two miles \neast of the present town of Schell C ity, runs near said corner j \nthence north (along the western line of St. Clair, Henry, Johnson,, \nand Lafayette), to the Missouri river, striking that stream west of and \nvery near Napoleon ; thence up said river to the mouth of the Kansas \nriver, (now Kansas City,) " thence with the Indian boundary line, \n(as described in a proclamation of the Governor [Wm. Clark] issued \nthe ninth day of March, 1815,) northwardly along the eastern bound- \nary of the " Platte Purchase" one hundred and forty miles, or to a \npoint about 36 miles north and within the present county of Adams, \nIowa, near the town of Corning in said county, on the Burlington and \nMissouri Kiver railroad, " thence eastward with the said line to the \nmain dividing ridge of high ground, to the main fork of the river Cedar \n[which is the line between Boone and Callaway counties in Missouri] , \nthence down said river to the Missouri, thence down the river Missouri \nand in the middle of the main channel thereof, to the mouth of the \ngreat Osage river, the place of beginning." \n\nAlthough these boundaries cannot be definitely traced on the map, \nit is nevertheless clearly seen that Howard county, as originally organ- \nized in 1816,^ more than five years before the State was admitted \ninto the Union, embraced not only the present territory of the county \nof Boone, but in addition a vast area north and south of the Missouri \nriver, and including the present counties of Cole, north part of Miller, \nMorgan, north parts of Benton and St. Plair, Henry, Johnson, Lafay- \nette, Pettis, Cooper, Moniteau, Saline, Clay, Clinton, DeKalb, Gen- \ntry, Worth, Harrison, Daviess, Caldwell, Ray, Carroll, Livingston, \nGrundy, Mercer, Putnam, Sullivan, Linn, Chariton, Randolph, \nMacon, Adair, and probably parts of Shelby, Monroe and Audrain. \nAnd in addition the following counties in Iowa : parts of Taylor and \n\n\n\n^ The county was reduced to its present limits by an act of the Legislature approved \nFebruary 16, 1825. See Revised Statutes, 1825. Vol. I, page 233. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 127 \n\nAdams ; Union, Ringgold, Clarke, Decatur and Wayne, and probably \nparts of Lucas, Monroe and Appanoose. \n\nA vast empire to constitute a single county, embracing at least five \nof the present counties of Iowa and probably parts of as many more, \nand in addition more than thirty of the present counties of Missouri, \neight, and parts of three others south of the river, and twenty-three \nand parts of several others north of it, this large expanse of territory, \ncovering about fourteen million acres of land and presenting a super- \nficial area of 21,875 square miles. An area larger than ancient \nGreece, and as large as Saxony and Switzerland combined, and larger \nthan the States of Vermont, Massachusetts, Delaware and Rhode \nIsland. \n\nin one respect, therefore, it might truthfully be said that as the \npresent territory of Boone for five years and more constituted a part \nof this extensive empire, its history is properly the history of Boone \ncounty, and that this volume should embrace the entire county of \nHoward for that period. \n\nBut such is not the scope and character of the history which fol- \nlows, the simple object being to record in chronological order the \nmore important events which transpired within the present limits of \nBoone county from the earliest white settlement in 1815 to the pres- \nent time, a period of sixty-seven years. \n\nIn superficial area \xe2\x80\x94 674 square miles or 431,000 acres \xe2\x80\x94 Boone \ncounty is larger than some of the states of Europe and the islands \nof the ocean, which stricken from the roll of empire or blotted from \nthe annals of nations would so mar the history of the eastern hem- \nisphere as to leave it measurably without a history. \n\nIt is also about half as large as one of the States of the American \nUnion, and one-third the area of several others ; and in the sphere \nin which it has moved, and to the extent of its opportunities and \ncapacity, and the comparatively short period which has elapsed since \nits first settlement, will favorably compare in its achievements and \nprowess with some geographical divisions of our own and foreign \nlands, larger even in size and much older in years, whose history is \ncanonized in poetry and song. \n\nLocated in the central part of the State, and settled nearly seventy \nyears ago by a hardy and progressive race of pioneers, who then laid \nthe foundations of its present prosperity, wealth and culture, it will \nbe found that its history is an inexhaustible store-house of *\' moving \nincidents by flood and field," of events grave and gay, of steady ad- \n\n\n\n128 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nvancement in agriculture, education and a Christian civilization, and \nin all the arts of peace. \n\nWhat is here claimed for it receives ample verification in its improved \nfarms and farm machifnerj, its farm-houses and barns, its churches and \nschools, its newspapers and periodicals, its improved stock and thor- \noughfares, the prowess of its soldiers in war and the eloquence and \nachievements of its statesmen and orators in council, the culture and \nbeauty of its women, the qualifications and success of its scholars and \nteachers, the earnestness and ability of its clergymen, the learning \nand character of its lawyers, the genius of its authors, poets and novel- \nists, and the general thrift, hospitality, and public spirit of its people. \n\nIn a word : No county in the State, St. Louis city and county ex- \ncepted, has contributed more vitality to the agencies which are solving \nfor the State the problems of prosperity, wealth, and culture, or in a \nlarger measure influenced the councils or shajDed the policy of the com- \nmonwealth, than "Old Boone." \n\nSuch a count}^ and such a people have a history, and one which, if \nfaithfully and accurately written, will disclose a wealth of incident, \nadventure and interest not excelled by any in the Great West. \n\nThe county comprises a part of that large area of inland territory \nwhich, in the earlier times, received the name of " The Boone\'s Lick \nCountry," and which embraced " the nine upper counties on the Mis- \nsouri River, Clay, Ray, Chariton, Howard, Boone, Cole, Cooper, Sa- \nline, and Lillard,"^ the name of the latter being changed to La- \nfayette, February 16, 1825, a circumstance which was no doubt in- \nspired by Lafayette\'s visit to St. Louis during that year. \n\nHoward County was the largest, most populous, and at that period \nthe most important of the counties belonging to " The Boone\'s Lick \nCountry," and contained a small salt spring in Cooper\'s Bottom, now \nin Boone\'s Lick Township, in that county, and nearly opposite Arrow \nRock, from which the name was derived.^ \n\nIt is quite a prevalent error that Boon\'s Lick, or the salt spring \nabove mentioned, was first occupied and utilized as a manufactory of \nsalt by Daniel Boone, the old Kentucky pioneer. There is no evidence \nknown to us that Daniel Boone ever owned or operated or saw the \nspring, or ever was in Howard County. Two of his sons, however, \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\n1 See Franklin (Mo.) Intelligencer of November 26, 1822. \n\n\xc2\xbb See Franklin (Mo.) Intelligencer of January 7, 1823. The spring or " lick " is about \ntwo miles northeast of the ferry landing opposite Arrow Rock, and is on land now \n(1882) owned by Wm. N. Marshall. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 129 \n\nNathan and Daniel M. Boone, \xe2\x80\x94 during the summer of 1807, and in \ncompany with three other men, left the Femme Osage Creek settle- \nment, in St. Charles County, where the elder Boone then lived, and \ncame up to Howard County with a few kettles to manufacture salt at \nthis spring, and, because of this fact, it was called " Boone\'s Lick." \n\nUp to the close of the last war with Great Britain, which is known \nin popular parlance and denominated in the laws of Congress as "the \nWar of 1812," nearly if not all the inhabitants of Howard county \nwere confined to three small stockade forts \xe2\x80\x94 Cooper\'s, Hempstead\'s \nand Kincaid\'s^ \xe2\x80\x94 and therefore the present territory of Boone was \nsubstantially without population, unless the hostile tribes of Indians \xe2\x80\x94 \nSacs and Foxes, Kickapoos and Pottawatamies \xe2\x80\x94 which abounded in \nthis part of the then territor}^ are accounted as such. \n\nIt is true, that as early as 1812\xe2\x80\x9413, before the tide of flagrant war \nreached the interior of the territory, a few of the small hive of \nemigrant Kentuckiaus that settled in Cooper\'s bottom ventured to the \nrich lands on the east side of the Moniteau, at "Thrall\'s Prairie," as \nit was afterwards called ; and no doubt they were inspired to make \nthe venture by the protection afforded hy Head\'s Fort, a small stock- \nade defence named in honor of Capt. William Head. \n\nIt was situated in a curve of the Moniteau, and on the east side of \nit in Howard county, about two miles north of Rocheport, a mile and \na half south of where the old St. Charles road crossed the Moniteau, \nand about a half mile west of the Boone line and the same distance \neast of the creek. It was located at a spriuo- of never-failing water, \nwhich is on land now owned by Mr. John L. Jones. \n\nFIRST WHITE SETTLEMENT IN BOONE. \n\nThe history of Boone County, not unlike the history of the largest \nempires on the globe, may be said to be funnel-shaped. Starting from \n\n\n\n1 Cooper\'s Fort was two miles southwest of Boone\'s Lick; Kincaid\'s, nine miles \nsouth .vest of Cooper\'s and about one mile north of the present railroad bridge at \nBoonsville; and Fort Hempstead, about one and a half miles north of Kincaid\'s. All \nwere built in 1812. (Campbell\'s Gazetteer, p. 246.) The spot on which Cooper\'s Fort was \nlocated is now (1882) about one and a half miles from the ferry landing opposite Arrow \nEock, and the land is owned by John A. Fisher. Capt. Sarshell Cooper, after whom \nthe fort was named, was killed in it on the night of April 14, 1814, by Indians, and \nburied near by, the precise place of interment being now unknown, and in a corn or \nwheat field. Mr. Eusebius Hubbard, who now (1882) resides on the two-mile prairie, \nten miles southeast of Columbia, and who came to Howard county from Madison \ncounty, Ky., in 1810, aided in building Fort Hempstead. \n\n\n\n130 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\na single point of time (1815) and from a single locality (Thrall\'s \nPrairie), its contour diverges and widens as the years roll on until it \nembraces the population, growth and achievements of nearly three- \nquarters of a century. \n\nIn the beginning a paragraph, a line, a word would record all it \nhad of history. After the elapse of seventy years, so rapid has })een \nthe succession and so countless the number of its events, so transform- \ning the forces of its being, and so progressive and civilizing the nature \nof its achievements in art, in education, in religion, and in all the \nvaried industries which characterize the civilization of our age, that \nan octavo volume is too small to perpetuate its annals. \n\nThe first settlement, or, more properly the first cabin erected and \npatch of corn planted, were the work in 1812-13, of John and Wil- \nliam Berry, Wm. Baxter and Reuben Gentry, in the neighborhood, if \nnot on a part, of what is now known as " the Model Farm," formerly \nconstituting the large and rich estate of the late Hon. John W. Har- \nris, and in earlier times called "Thrall\'s Prairie."^ In the same \nneighborhood, soon after, settled James Barnes, Robert and Mitchel \nPayne, John Denham, David McQuitty and Robert Barclay, with their \nfamilies. Little progress, however, was made in the settlement of the \ncountry, now embraced by the boundary lines of Boone County, until \nafter the subsidence of the war with Great Britain, and until after the \ntreaty of 1815 by which the Indians relinquished all claim to any \nportion of the territory north of the Missouri River. In fact, it may \nbe aflirraed as substantially true that, anterior to this time, there was \nnot a white settlement worthy of the name within the present limits \nof the county. \n\nSpeedily succeeding the declaration of peace and the ratification of \nthis treaty of relinquishment of Indian title the tide of immigration \nset in as a flood, and Robert Hiukson (not Hinckston), after whom the \ncreek on which Columbia is located was called ; William Callaham, for \nwhom " Callaham\'s Fork," of the Perche, is named; Wm. Graham, \nReuben and Henry Cave, and perhaps some others, all from Madison \nCounty, Ky., settled along the old Boone\'s Lick trail, or old St. Charles \nRoad, leading from St. Louis to Franklin \xe2\x80\x94 a " trail" which was first \ntraversed in 1808-10 by Lieutenant-Colonel Ben. Cooper, and other \n\n\n\n1 "Thrall\'s Prairie," or "the Model Farm," is twelve miles northwest of Colum- \nbia and four north of Rocheport, and is now in part the property of Warren A. Smith. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 131 \n\nimmigrants of that name, while en route from Madison County, Ky., \nvia St. Charles County and Loutre Ishiud settlement to the neighbor- \nhood of " Booue\'s Lick," in Howard County. \n\nIn 1869-70, Mr. E. W. Stephens, as assistant editor of the Columbia \nStatesman, of which paper Col. W. F. Switzler was editor and pro- \nprietor, prepared for and published in that journal, a series of inter- \nesting historical sketches of Boone County, in which it is claimed that \n" Callaham, Graham and Hinkson stopped along the Boone\'s Lick \ntrail and erected cabins, as taverns, for the accommodation of movers \nand travellers ;" that Callaham "was a noted hunter and Indian fighter, \nand can be justly designated as the first white man who ever settled in \nBoone County. Nearly the same time, however, John Graham built \na cabin near the present site of Rocky Fork church (seven miles north- \nwest of Columbia), and he was followed by Robert Hinkson, who lived \nnear the source of the stream that bears his name," \n\nThe j^ears 1816, 1817 and 1818 \xe2\x80\x94 the latter the year of the first land \nsales at Franklin, \xe2\x80\x94 witnessed a great influx of population into the \n" Boone\'s Lick country," and into the territory noAV composing the \ncounty of Boone. \n\nIn 1816, Augustus Thrall and others settled in what was soon there- \nafter known as "Thrall\'s Prairie." The Stephens - >iS\'to^esm\xc2\xab?i \nsketches say that "in 1816 settlement in Boone County began in \nearnest. In the spring of that year a number of the inhabitants of \nHead\'s Fort, located near Rocheport, settled on what was afterwards \nknown as Thrall\'s Prairie, situated four miles north of the present site \nof Rocheport. They settled upon " Madrid locatious." "Madrid \nlocations " were tracts of land which were granted by the government \nto settlers who had suffered losses by the earthquakes in the county \nof New Madrid, in the years 1811 and 1812. Most of the land of that \nsection was entered by Taylor Berry, of Franklin." ^ \n\n"This settlement was made by Anderson Woods, in company with \nthe following persons : Robert Barclay, John Barnes, William Pipes, \nAbsalom Hicks, John Stephenson, Jefferson Fulcher, a family of Bar- \ntons, Jesse Richardson and several others. \n\n\n\n^ Mr. Berry was a gentlemen of wealth and a large land speculator. On August 31, \n1824, he fought a duel on Wolf Island, in the Mississippi River, with Judge Abiel \nLeonard, formerly of Fayette, at ten pacep, with pistols. Berry fell at the first fire, \nmortally wounded, but lingered until September 22, same year, and died at New \nMadrid. During the war of 1812 he served in the Pay Department of the Northwestern \narmy, at Detroit. \n\n\n\n132 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n"The settlement grew with great rapidity, and soon comprised some \namong the best citizens of that time \xe2\x80\x94 men who have left their impress \nupon the history and development of our county. Among them we \nnote the following : Augustus Thrall, Oliver Parker, Anderson Woods, \nfirst Judge of the County Court, Dr. J. B. Wilcox, Clayton Heme, \nTyre Harris, Overton Harris, Sampson, William and Stephen Wilhite, \nHenry Lighlfoot, James Ketchnm, William Boone, William Goslin, \nJohn Slack, Wilford Stephens, Jonathan Barton, James Cochran, \nReuben Hatton, Charles Laughlin, and a number whose names we \nhave not space to give. \n\n"In 1819, Oliver Parker had a store there and kept a post-office, \nwhich was for some time known as \' Lexington.\' \n\n" In the spring of 1817, the next settlement was begnn, in Perche \nBottom, in the southwestern portion of the county, l)y John Hickam, \nAnthony Head, Peter and Robert Austin, John McMickel, Jacob Mag- \nD-ard, Silas Rioo-s and Abraham N. Folev. \n\n" In 1817, immigration to the county was very large, and in every \nsection large settlements sprung up with amazing rapidity, and \nsteadily increased during the years 1818, 1819 and 1820. It is, of \ncourse, impossible to ascertain with exactitude the date of the immi- \ngration or primitive abodes of these early settlers, but it is due to those \nhardy and worthy pioneers, who first reclaimed our county from a \nwilderness, that their names should be preserved as far as possible, \nin a permanent history of our county. \n\n\'\xe2\x80\xa2 On Southern Two-mile Prairie were Overton Harris, Peter Bass, \nPeter Ellis, Tyre Martin, Lawrence Bass, Mason Moss, D. M. Hick- \nman, Wilson Hunt, John Broughton, Benjamin White, David Doyle, \nSamuel Crockett, Philip and Benjamin Barns, Daniel Vincent, Lewis \nWoolfolk, William Shields, Wm. Simms, Noah Sapp, Ed. Bass, \nAbraham Barns, John Jamison, Robert and Cyrus Jones, Richard \nLawrence, Durrett Hubbard, Francis Lipscomb, J. P. Lynes, John \nYates, Ambrose C. Estes, Stephen Chapman, Richard and James \nBarns, Elias Simms, Mosias Jones, John M. Smith, Michael Hersh, \nDaniel Hubbard, James Harris. On the Two-mile Prairie north of \nthe St. Charles road, were Samuel, Elijnh and Sampson Wright, Elias \nNewman, Isaac Geyhert, Charles Helm, James Chandler, Wm. Ed- \nwards, Elijah Stephens, Thomas Peyton Stephens, Samuel Riggs, \nAbsalom Renfro, Nicholas McCnbbin, Wm. Wright, Wm. Timber- \nlake, James and Hugh Crockett, Benjamin Estill, Rev. Mr. Kirk- \npatrick (a Methodist preacher), Asa Stone, Thomas D. Grant, Roger \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 133 \n\nN. Todd, Levi McGuire, Lazarus Wilcox, Thomas C. Maupin, Nicholas \nS. Kavanaugh, John Read ai)d James Barns. \n\nv^^In the vicinity of Claysville lived William Ramsay, Jesse Byrant, \nMark Cunningham. \n\nFrom the neighborhood of Rocheport to Thrall\'s Prairie were lo- \ncated John Grey, Gaven Head, Joseph Head, Johu Berry, David and \nAndrew McQuitty, Samuel Beattie, Robert Daly, John Gopher, Sol- \nomon and Zachariah Barnett, Wm. Baxter, James Boggs, David \nand James Pipes, John Copeland, David Kincaid, Wm. Lientz, John \nG. Philips, Michael Woods, J. R. Abernathy, Robert D. Walkup, and \nTyre Harris. \n\nEast and southeast of Rocheport, more generally known as " Ter- \nrapin Neck," lived Granville Bledsoe, Daniel Lewis, James Lewis, \nWm. Lewis, Pattison Y. Russell, Jesse Lewis, Wm. Burch, John \nGraves, Ichabod C. Hensley, Thomas Williams, and Richard Fulk- \nerson. \n\nIn the vicinity of the present site of Midway, lived John Hen- \nderson, Jonathan Freeman, Benjamin Mothershead, (^harles Laugh- \nlin, W. T. Hatton, Geo. Crump, Wm. and James Y. Jones, John \nQo-an . \n\nA few miles north of Columbia, resided Caleb Fenton, Riley \nSlocum, Hiram Phillips, David C. Westerfield, Jacob Hoover, John \nSlack, John T. Evans, Zachariah Jackson, John Harrison. Still far- \nther north, near where now stands Red Top meeting-house, were \nJames Hicks, Wm. L. Wayne, and Zaddock Riggs. \n\nNortheast of Columbia, seven or eight miles, dwelt Robert Hinkson, \n\nBibb, Thomas and John Kennon, Dennis Callaham, James W. \n\nFowler, Samuel Johnson, Robert Houston, and Joseph Persinger. \n\n"On Perche Creek, in the northwestern section of the county, where \nthe old road, or \' Boone\'s Lick Trace,\' crossed the Perche, there stood \nthe old town of Perche, lono; since obliterated. Some of its inhabi- \ntants were George and Isham Sexton, James C. Babbitt, James Ryan, \nAdam E. Rowland, Peter Stivers, Nicholas Gentry, and Enoch \nTaylor. \n\n" Near where Rockyfork meeting-house now stands lived John Gra- \nham, AquiUa and Amos Barnes. \n\nWhere Hallsville now stands lived John Roberts and other families \nof the same name, Peter and Joseph Fountain, Andrew J. Hendrick, \nand John and Joshua Davis, and Smith Turner. \n\nNear where Rockbridge Mills now are were Thomas S. Tuttle, the \n\n\n\n134 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\noriginal settler of that place; Peter Creason, Nathan Glasgow, Elias \nElston, and John H. Lynch. \n\nWithin the neighborhood of Providence lived first Ira P. Nash, for \nwhom Nashville was named ; then John and Robert Peters and Gilpin \nS. Tuttle. \n\nA few miles northwest of Columbia were John Witt, James Turley, \nJames Mayo, and a family of Barnetts. \n\nAround the present site of Columbia were Richard Gentry, Lewis \nCollins, John Vanhorn, J. M. Kelly, Peter Wright, Dr. D P. Wilcox, \nSamuel Wheeler, A. B. Lane, Thomas Dooley, James Lipscomb, David \nJackson, Henry, Ricliard ajid Reuben .Cave, David Todd, Warren \nWoodson, Thos. W^. Conyers, Charles Burns, Wallace Estill, Minor \nNeal, William Ridgeway, Peter Kerney, Kemp M. Goodloe, sJohn \nCave, Daniel King, James Laughlin, Elijah and Abraham N. Foley, \nJohn J. Foster, Adam C. Reyburn, and Willis Boyse. \n\n" The first church organized in the Boone\'s Lick country was Mount \nPJeasant, in 1815, seven miles north of old Franklin. \n\n" The first church organized in Boone County was called \' Bethel,\' \nand was situated in a northwestern section of the county, eight miles \nnorth of Rocheport. It was organized June 28, 1817 ; the persons \nforming it were Anderson Woods, Betsey Woods, David McQuitty, \nJohn Turner, and James Harris. William Thorp was its first pastor. \nThe next church formed was Little Bonne Femme, in December, 1819, \nby David Doyle, Anderson Woods, Elizabeth Woods\', James Harris, \nPolly Harris, Mourning Harris, Elizabeth Kennon, John Maupin, \nElias Elston, Matthew Haley, Jane Tuttle, Lazarus Wilcox, Lucy Wil- \ncox, James Wiseman, Thomas S. Tuttle, and Nancy Tuttle. David \nDoyle was the first pastor, and continued in that position for ten years, \nwhen he becilme pastor of Salem Church, and so continued for thirty \nyears, thus spending^ forty years in the ministry in our county, for \nwhich, it is said, he never received a dime of remuneration." \n\nTWO IMPORTANT EVENTS : THE FIRST NEWSPAPER AND THE FIRST \nSTEAMBOAT AT FRANKLIN. \n\nAlthough Franklin is not, and never was, in Boone county, there \nwere two events which occurred there, the first in -April and the \nsecond in May, 1819, of sufE.cient importance in the history of "the \nBoone\'s Lick Country," of which this county was a part, to justify in \nthis place more than a passing notice. Both of these events had an \nimportant bearing upon the development and destiny of interior Mis- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 135 \n\nsouri, and of the whole State ; and a detailed account of them in an \nenduring form is justified by their prominence and significance. \n\nTHE FIRST NEWSPAPER. \n\nOn the 23d of April, 1819, Nathaniel Patten and Benjamin Holliday \ncommenced the publication of the Missouri Intelligencer in Franklin, \nthen a flourishing town on the Missouri river and opposite! Boonville. \nThe size of the sheet was 18 by 24 inches, and it was printed on what \nis known among printers as the Ramage press, a wooden contrivance \nwith cast-iron bed, joints and platen, and which at this day is a great \ncuriosity. About twenty-five years ago Col. Wm. F. Switzler pre- \nsented this press to the Mercantile Library Association of St. Louis, \nthe Missouri Historical Society then not being in existence, where it \ncan be seen. \n\nRecently we came in possession of full and complete files, substan- \ntially bound, of the Missouri Intelligencer from its initial number, \nApril 23, 1819, to its last issue (in Columbia), December 5, 1835, \nembracing a period of over sixteen years, to which we are indebted \nfor much valuable historical matter relating to this county, and \nwhich will be found in its proper place in this book. \n\nMany changes occurred in the publishers or owners of the Intelli- \ngencer, the details of which we have taken the trouble to collect from \nits files, and to record as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nApril 23, 1819, to June 10, 1820, Nathaniel Patten and Benjamin \nHolliday, publishers. (Mrs. E. W. McClannahan, near Columbia, is \na daughter of Mr. Holliday.^) \n\nJune 10, 1820, Mr. Patten retired as publisher, leaving Mr. Holli- \nday in charge, or owner, who continued till July 23, 1821, when John \nPayne, a lawyer, became editor. He was a native of Culpepper \ncounty, Ya., and died in Franklin, September 15, 1821, aged 24 \nyears . \n\nSeptember 4, 1821, Mr. Payne retired and Holliday again assumed \ncontrol . \n\nAugust 5, 1822, to April 17, 1824, Nathaniel Patten and John T. \nCleaveland are publishers. Mr. Cleaveland died some years ago at an \nadvanced age in Austin, Texas. \n\nApril 17, 1824, Mr. Cleaveland retired, leaving Mr. Patten as sole \n\n\n\n1 Mr. Holliday was boru in Spottsylvania C. H., Va., June 8, 1786; came to Frank- \nlin, Mo., in February, 1819, and died near Boonsboro, Howard County, Mo., April 1, \n1859. \n\n\n\n136 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\npublisher, which position he continued to hold until the sale of the \npaper by him to Mr. Fred. A. Hamilton, December 12, 1835. \n\nLast issue of the Intelligencer in Franklin, June 16, 1826. \n\nFirst issue of the Intelligencer in Fayette, June 29, 1826. \n\nJuly 5, 1827, John Wilson, then a young lawyer in Fayette, is \nannounced as editor, which position he held till July 25, 1828. Mr. \nWilson died in San Francisco, Cal., February 2, 1877, aged 87 years. \n\nIn August, 1827, James H. Birch commenced the publication in \nFayette of the Western Monitor. \n\nApril 9, 1830, last issue of the Intelligencer in Fayette. \n\nMay 4, 1830, first issue of the Intelligencer in Columbia. \n\nDecember 5, 1835, last issue of the Intelligencer in Columbia. \n\xe2\x96\xa0 December 12, 1835, first issue of the Patriot in Columbia. \n\nDecember 23, 1842, last issue of the Patriot, and January 6, 1843, \nfirst issue of its successor, the Statesman, which has been regularly \ncontinued to this day under the same management. \n\nAugust 1, 1881, after twelve years\' experience as business manager, \nIrwin Switzler, eldest son of W\\ F. Switzler, became proprietor of \nthe Statesman, the latter continuing as editor-in-chief, \n\nNear the close of the year 1835 it became known that Mr. Patten, \nowing to failing health, intended to dispose of the Intelligencer office, \nand as the Presidential and State elections of the following year were \napproaching, the possession of the paper became an object of interest \nto some of the politicians and people. Whig and Democratic, about \nColumbia. Both parties wanted it ; and the Democrats, under the \nleadership of Austin A. King, then a lawyer resident here and in 1848 \nelected Governor of the State, Dr. Wm. H. Duncan, still an honored \ncitizen of Columbia, Dr. Alexander M. Robinson and others made \nsome efforts to secure the ofiice. While negotiations to this end were \npending, Eobert S. Barr,- Oliver Parker, W^ni. Cornelius, Warren \nWoodson, Moses U. Payne, A. W. Turner, Joseph B. Howard, John \nB. Gordon, Sinclair Kirtley, David and Eoger N. Todd, Dr. Wm. \nJewell, James S. Rollins, Thomas Miller and perhaps other Whigs, \nentered into a written agreement to raise the money to purchase the \npress and materials, and they did it with the understanding that \nFrederick A. Hamilton, a practical printer, should take charge of the \npublication, and Rollins and Miller, then two young lawyers \nof Columbia, the editorial conduct of the paper, the name of \nwhich, December 12, 1835, was changed to Patriot. Hamilton was \nwas announced as publisher, and Rollins and Miller as editors. Maj. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 137 \n\nEollins selected from Shakspeare the motto of the Patriot, " Be just \nand fear not ; let all th^ ends thou aimest at be thy country\'s,\' \' which \nit bore until it was supplanted by the Statesman in 1843, and which \nhas ever since floated at the masthead of the Statesman. \n\nOf the parties named in this connection all are dead except Duncan, \nRollins and Payne. \n\nRollins and Miller finally became owners of the office and continued \nto edit the paper until the close of the Presidential election of 1840, \nwhen Rollins sold his interest to Wm. T. B. Sanford, a printer, and \nretired, leaving Col. Miller sole editor. \n\nIn July, 1841, the present editor of the Statesman became editor \nof the Patriot, Col. Thomas Miller having retired, but still retaining \na half ownership, with the hope of recuperating his health b}\'- a trip \nacross the plains to Santa Fe. Dying en route of pulmonary con- \nsumption, September 15, 1841, at " Round Mound," two hundred \nmiles this side of his destination, where he was interred on the tree- \nless plain, aged 31 years, more than three months elapsed before \nnews of his death reached Columbia. February 19, 1842, Wm. T. B. \nSanford, surviving partner of the firm of Miller & Sanford, sold Col. \nMiller\'s interest to John B. and Younger J. Williams, the new pro- \nprietors, Sanford, Williams & Co., assuming control March 1, 1842. \nOn the 19th of August, 1842, Dr. A. J. McKelway (now a citizen \nof Marion county) purchased Mr. Sanford\'s interest, became \neditor \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. F. Switzler retiring, \xe2\x80\x94 and in conjunction with the \nWilliams brothers, published the Patriot till December 16, 1842, \nwhen Wm. F. Switzler purchased McKelvvay\'s half interest and he \nretired. At the same time John B. Williams sold his interest to his \nbrother. Younger J., who, as an equal partner with Wm. F. Switzler, \non January 1, 1843, changed the name of the paper to Missouri \nStatesman, under which name, with Wm. F. Switzler as editor, it has \never since been issued, now nearly forty years. \n\nMr. Sanford, some years afterward, went to Los Angelos, California, \nand just before the war was lost on the Sacramento River in a burnino- \nsteamboat. \n\nYounger J. Williams died February 19, 1843, and his interest was \nresold to his brother John B., who, in January, 1845, sold out to Wm. \nF. Switzler, who then became sole editor and proprietor. John B. \nWilliams died in Fulton, Mo., April 6, 1882, aged sixty years, as \neditor and proprietor of the Telegraph. \n\n\n\n138 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMr. Patten was a very reputable citizen, small in stature, and quite \ndeaf. He and his wife set the type for his paper and edited it, she \ntherefore being the first female compositor west of the Mississippi \nRiver. 1 The Patriot was hrst published in a little hewed log house \non the northeast corner of the lot on which Mr. B. Loeb now lives, \nand afterwards in a small frame (destroyed by fire Oct., 1874), which \nthen stood on Broadway, near the old brick public school building. \nSeveral of the printers\' stands, made of walnut lumber, which were \nused ill the Intelligencer o^ae in 1819, and in the otfices of all its suc- \ncessors, are now in daily use in the office of the Statesman. \n\nNathaniel Patten, Jr., a son of the proprietor of the old Intelli- \ngencer, now resides at Sonth Fork, Rio Grande County, Colorado, and \nfrom him we have recently received bound files in good order of that \npaper from April 23, 1819, to December 5, 1835, a period of more \nthan sixteen years. \n\nARRIVAL OF THE FIRST STEAMBOAT. \n\nThe second notable event in 1819 was the arrival at Franklin, on \nMay 28, of the steamer Independence, Capt. John Nelson \xe2\x80\x94 the first \nwhich ever attempted the navigation of the Missouri River. \n\nCol. Elias Rector and others, of St. Louis, had chartered her at \nLouisville, Ky., to go up the Missouri as high as the town of Chariton, \nnow a deserted town two miles above Glasgow, near the mouth of the \nChariton River. She left St. Louis May \\b, 1819, and arrived at \nFranklin, Howard County, on May 28, occasioning the wildest excite- \nment and the greatest joy among the people. \n\n\n\n^ Mrs. Patten, formerly Miss Elvira A. Williams, was born near Charleston, Va., \nJuly 4, 1807, and died in St. Joseph, Mo. (then being Mrs. Overall), on Januai-y 24, \n1878, aged 71 years. In 1823, at Old Chariton, Howard County, she first married Dr. \nJohn Holman. He dying on Monday, November 27, 1826, and Mr. Patten\'s wife, Mrs. \nMatilda Patten, dying on Friday, December 27, 1829, on Sunday, February 27, 1831, \nat the residence of Mrs. H. T. Peerce, in Columbia, Eev. W. P. Cochran officiating, \nthey were married. The fruit of this marriage was Nathaniel Patten, Jr., who now \nresides in South Fork, Rio Grande County, Colo. After the death of Mr. Patten, she \nmarried Maj. Wilson Lee Overall, of St. Charles (Aug. 16, 1840), by whom she had \nthree children, namely, Mrs. John F. Williams, St. Louis (wife of the Insurance Com- \nmissioner), John H. Overall, of St. Louis, a well known lawyer, and son-in-law of Hon. \nJ. S. Rollins, and Mrs. L. E. Carter, of St. Joseph, at whose house she died, as above \nstated. Maj. Overall died in St. Charles of paralysis, December 24, 1850. Mr. Patten \ndied in St. Charles in 1837, and at the time of his death was proprietor of the Clarion \nnewspaper. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 139 \n\nThe following were some of the passengers on the Independence : \nCol. Elias Eector, Stephen Rector, Capt. Desha, J. C. Mitchell, Dr. \nStewart, J. Wanton, and Maj. J. D. Wilcox. \n\nImmediately after its arrival at Franklin, a public dinner was given \nthe passengers and officers of the boat. A public meeting was then \nheld, of which Asa Morgan was elected President, and Dr. N. Hutch- \ninson Vice-President. We copy from the Franklin (Mo.) Inttlli- \ngencer, issued on the day of tliQ boat\'s arrival, an account of the \nevent : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n[From the Franklin Intelligencer, May 28, 1819.] \n\nARRIVAL OF THE STEAMBOAT. \n\nWith no ordinary sensations of pride and pleasure, we announce the arrival this \nmorning, at this place, of the elegant steamboat " Independence," Captain Nelson, in \nseven sailing days (but thirteen from the time of her departure) from St. Louis, with \npassengers and a cargo of flour, whiskey, sugar, iron, castmgs, etc., being the first \nsteamboat that ever attempted ascending the Missouri. She was joyfully met by the \ninhabitants of Franklin, and saluted by the firing of cannon, which was returned by \nthe "Independence." \n\nThe grand desideratum, the important fact, is now ascertained that steamboats can \nsafely navigate the Missouri River. \n\nA respectable gentleman, a passenger in the Independence, who has for a number of \nyears navigated the great Western waters, informs us that it is his opinion, with a little \nprecaution in keeping clear of sand-bars, the Missouri may be navigated with as much \nfacility as the Mississippi or Ohio. \n\nMissourians may hail this era from which to date the growing importance of this sec- \ntion of the country, when they view with what facility (by the aid of steam) boats may \nascend the turbulent waters of the Missouri, to bring to this part of the country the \narticles requisite to its supply, and return laden with the various products of this fertile \nregion. At no distant period may we see the industrious cultivator making his way as \nhigh as the Yellowstone, and offering to the enterprising merchant and trader a sur- \nplus worthy of the fertile banks of the Missouri, yielding wealth to industry and \nenterprise. \n\n[From the Franklin Intelligencer, June 4, 1819.] \n\nARRIVAL OF THE "INDEPENDENCE" \xe2\x80\x94 PUBLIC DINNER, SPEECHES, AND TOASTS. \n\nOn Friday last, the 28th ult., the citizens of Franklin, with the most lively emotions \nof pleasure, witnessed the arrival of this beautiful boat, owned and commanded by \nCaptain Nelson, of Louisville. Her approach to the landing was greeted by a Federal \nsalute, accompanied with the acclamations of an admiring crowd, who had assembled \non the bank of the river for the purpose of viewing this novel and interesting sight. \nWe may truly regard this event as highly important, not only to the commercial but \nagricultural interests of our country. The practicability of steamboat navigation \nbeing now clearly demonstrated by experiment, we shall be brought nearer to the At- \nlantic, West India, and European markets, and the abundant resources of our exten- \nsive and fertile region will be quickly developed. This interesting section of country, \nso highly favored by nature, will at no distant period, with the aid of science and enter- \nprise, assume a dignified station amongst the great agricultural States of the West. \n\nThe enterprise of Capt. Nelson cannot be too highly appreciated by the citizens of \n\n\n\n140 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMissouri. He is the first Individual wlio lias attempted the navigation of the Missouri \nby steam power, a river that has hitherto borne the character of being very difficult \nand eminently dangerous in its navigation; but we are happy to state, that his pro- \ngress thus far has not been impeded by any accident. Among the passengers were Col. \nElias Rector, Mr. Stephen Rector, Capt. Desha, J. C. Mitchell, Esq., Dr. Stewart, Mr. \nJ. Wanton, Maj. J. D. Wilcox. \n\nTHE DINNER AND TOASTS. \n\nThe day after the arrival of the Independence, Capt. Nelson and the passengers par- \ntook of a dinner, given by the citizens of Franlilin, in honor of the occasion. \n\nAfter the cloth was removed, Capt. Asa Morgan was called to the chair, and Dr. N. \nHutchinson acted as vice-president, when the following toasts were dranli: \n\n1st. The Missouri Biver. \xe2\x80\x94 Its last wave will roll the abundant tribute of our region \nto the Mexican Gulf, in reference to the auspices of this day. \n\n2d. The Memory of Bohert Fulton. \xe2\x80\x94 Owe oi the most distinguished artists of his \nage. The Missouri River now bears upon her bosom the first effect of his genius for \nsteam navigation. \n\n3d. The Memory of Franklin, the Philosopher and Statesman. \xe2\x80\x94 In anticipation of \nhis country\'s greatness, he never imagined that a boat at this time, would be propelled \nby steam so far westward, to a town bearing his name on the Missouri. \n\n4th. Capt. Nelson. \xe2\x80\x94 The pi\'oprietor of the steamboat Independence. The imagin- \nary dangers of the Missouri vanished before his enterprising genius. \n\n5th. Louisville, Franklin and Chariton. \xe2\x80\x94 They become neighbors by steam navi- \ngation. \n\n6th. The Bepublican Government of the United /S\'toies. \xe2\x80\x94 By facilitating the inter- \ncourse between distant points, its benign influence may be diffused over the continent \nof North America. \n\n7th. The Policy resulting in the expedition to the Yellowstone. \n\n8th. South America. \xe2\x80\x94 May an early day witness the navigation of the Amazon and \nLa Plata by steam power, under the auspices of an independent government. \n\n9th. Internal Improvement. \xe2\x80\x94 The New York Canal, an imperishable monument of \nthe patriotism and genius of its projector. \n\n10th. The Missouri Territory.\xe2\x80\x94 Desirous to be numbered with the States on Consti- \ntutional principles, but determined never to submit to Congressional usurpation. \n\n11th. James Monroe. \xe2\x80\x94 President of the United States. \n\n12th. The Purchase of the Floridas. \xe2\x80\x94 A hard bargain. \n\n13th. The American Fair. \n\nVOLUNTEERS. \n\nBy Col. Elias Rector \xe2\x80\x94 The memory of my departed friend. Gen. Benjamin Howard; \nhe was a man of worth. \n\nBy Gen. Duff Green \xe2\x80\x94 The Union \xe2\x80\x94 It is dear to us; but liberty is dearer. \n\nBy Capt. Nelson \xe2\x80\x94 I will ever bear in grateful remembrance the liberality and hos- \npitality of the citizens of Franklin. \n\nBy Dr. James H. Benson \xe2\x80\x94 The Territory of Missouri \xe2\x80\x94 May she emerge from her \npresent degraded situation. \n\nBy J. C. Mitchell, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. T. A. Smith \xe2\x80\x94 The Cincinnatus of Missouri. \n\nBy Maj. Thompson Douglass \xe2\x80\x94 The Citizens of Franklin \xe2\x80\x94 Characterized by hos- \npitality and generosity. \n\nBy Stephen Rector, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 May the Missourians defend their rights, if necessary, \neven at the expense of blood, against the unprecedented restriction which was \nattempted to be imposed on them by the Congress of the United States. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 141 \n\nBy L. W. Boggs, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 Maj.-Gen. Andrew Jackson. \n\nBy John W. Scuclder, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 Our Guests \xe2\x80\x94 The passengers who ascended the Mis- \nsouri in the Independence ; they have the honor to be the first to witness the success- \nful experiment of steam navigation on our noble river. \n\nBy Benjamin Holliday \xe2\x80\x94 The 28th of May, 1819 \xe2\x80\x94 .Franklin will long remember it, \nand the Independence and her commander will be immortalized in history. \n\nBy Dr. Dawson \xe2\x80\x94 The Next Congress \xe2\x80\x94 May they be men consistent in their con- \nstruction of the Constitution ; and when they admit new States into the Union, \nbe actuated less by a spirit of compromise than the just rights of the people. \n\nBy Augustus Storrs, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 The Memory of Capt. Lawrence, late of the Navy \xe2\x80\x94 By \nthe conduct of such men may our national character be formed. \n\nBy N. Patten, Jr. \xe2\x80\x94 The Missouri Territory \xe2\x80\x94 Its future prosperity and greatness \ncannot be checked by the caprice of a few men in Congress, while it possesses a soil of \ninexhaustible fertility, abundant resources, and a body of intelligent, enterprising, \nindependent freemen. \n\nBy Maj. J. D. Wilcox \xe2\x80\x94 The Citizens of Missouri \xe2\x80\x94 May they never become a mem- \nber of the Union under the restriction relative to slavery. \n\nBy Mr. L. W. Jordan \xe2\x80\x94 The Towns on the Missouri River \xe2\x80\x94 May they flourish in \ncommerce, and, like those on the Ohio and Mississippi, witness the daily arrival or de- \nparture of some steamboat, ascending or descending this majestic stream. \n\nBy Mr. J. B. Howard \xe2\x80\x94 Robert Fulton \xe2\x80\x94 May his name and the effects of his genius \nbe transmitted to the latest posterity. \n\nBy Dr. J. J. Lowry \xe2\x80\x94 (After the President had retired) \xe2\x80\x94 The President of the day. \n\nBy Maj. R. Gentry \xe2\x80\x94 (After the Vice-President had retired) \xe2\x80\x94 The Vice-President \nof the day. \n\nNot one of the persons mentioned above is alive to-day. \n\n[From the St. Louis Enquirer, June 9, 1819.] \n\n" The passage of the steamboat Independence, Capt. Nelson, up the Missouri to \nFranklin and Chariton, is an era in the history of that noble river, and has called forth \nthe most lively feelings of joy and triumph all over the country. By referring to the \nhead of \' Steamboat Intelligence,\' it will be seen that the banks of the river were \nvisited by crowds of citizens to witness this great event, and to testify their joy and \nadmiration." \n\nTHE SECOND STEAMBOAT, \n\nIn 1818 the Government of the United States projected the cele- \nbrated Yellowstone Expedition, the objects of which were to ascertain \nwhether the Missouri River was navigable by steamboats, and to estab- \nlish a line of forts from its month to the Yellowstone. The expedi- \ntion started from Plattsburg, New York, in 1818, under command of \nColonel Henry Atkinson. General Natlian Ranney, a well known \ncitizen of St Louis, who not long ago died in that city, was an attache \nof this expedition. Also Captain Wm. D. Hubbell, now ( 1882) a citi- \nzen of Columbia. It arrived at Pittsburg in the spring of 1819, where \nColonel Stephen H. Long, of the T()p()gra[)liical Engineers of the U. \nS. Army, had constructed the "Western Engineer," a small steam- \n\n\n\n142 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nboat, to be used by him and his scientific corps in pioneering the \nexpedition to tlie mouth of the Yellowstone. \n\nThis vessel reached St. Louis June 9, 1819, and, proceeding on its \nvoyage, arrived at Franklin July 13, same year. The following gen- \ntlemen were on board : Major S. H Long, commander ; Maj. Thomas \nBiddle (who was killed, Aug. 27, 1831, in a duel with Spencer Pettis, \non Bloody Island, and after whom Biddle Street, St. Louis, was \nnamed); Lieuts. Graham and Swift, Maj. Benj. O\'Fallon, Lidian \nagent; Mr. Daugherty, assistant agent and interpreter; Dr. Wm. \nBaldwin, botanist ;^ Thomas Say, zoologist ; Mr. Jessup, geologist; \nMr. Seymour, landscape painter; and Mr. Peale, assistant naturalist. \n\nOn Monday, July 19, the vessel proceeded on its voyage up the \nMissouri, and reached Council Bluffs on the 17th of September, where \nit stopped for the winter. \n\nOwing to the peculiar construction of the " Western Engineer," as \nwell as to the fact that a water craft of any kind, and especially one \npropelled by steam, was a novel spectacle, its progress up the river \nexcited the greatest wonder among the Indians, many of whom flocked \nto the river banks to see it, while others fled in fear to the forests or \nprairies, thinking it an evil spirit, a very devil with serpent\'s head \nand breath of fire and steam. \n\nThe St. Louis Enquirer of June 16, 1819, contains this description \nof it : \n\nTHE STEAMER "WESTERN ENGINEER." \n\nThe bow of the vessel exhibits the form of a huge serpent, black and scaly, rising \nout of the water from under the boat, his head as high as the decli, darted forward,, his \nmouth open, vomiting smoke, and apparently carrying the boat on his back. From \nunder the boat, at its stern, issues a stream of foaming water, dashing violently along \nAll the machinery is hid. Three small brass field pieces, mounted on wheel carriages, \nstand on the deck ; the boat is ascending the rapid stream at the rate of three miles an \nhour. Neither wind nor human hands are seen to help her; and to the eye of igno- \nrance the illusion is complete, that a monster of the deep carries her on his back, smok- \ning with fatigue, and lashing the waves with violent exertion. \n\nPRICES OF PROVISIONS. \n\n[Franklin (Mo.) Intelligencer, April 1, 1820.] \n\nProvisions of almost every kind are cheap and plentiful, but labor and boarding are \nhigh; wheat is one dollar per bushel, corn thirty-three and one-third cents, beef \nand pork at five dollars per cwt., and boarding from tliree dollars and fifty cents to six \ndollars per week. \n\n\n\n1 Owing to illness Dr. Baldwin abandoned the expedition at Franklin, and died \ntliere Sept. 1, 1819. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 143 \n\n\n\nMEAGERNESS OF MAIL FACILITIES. \n\nIn this era of telegraphic and railroad facilities, whereby important \nintelligence is transmitted by lightning and by daily and semi-daily \nmails, we can scarcely conceive of a period, within the personal recol- \nlection of many of the old pioneers who surviv^e among us, during \nwhich the prospect of a stage line once or twice or three times a week \nwould be hailed with delight. But read the following from the Frank- \nlin Intelligencer, of April 23, 1819 : \n\nIt is contemplated, we understand, shortly to commence running a stage from St. \nLouis to Franklin. Such an. undertaking would, no doubt, liberally remunerate the \nenterprising and meritorious individuals engaged, and be of immense benefit to the \npublic, who would, doubtless, prefer this to any other mode of travelling. A stage \nhas been running from St. Louis to St. Charles, three times a week, for several months \npast. Another from the town of Illinois [now East St. Louis, opposite St. Louis] \nto Edwardsville : \xe2\x80\x94 a line from Edwardsville to Vincennes, we understand is in con- \ntemplation. It will then only remain to have it continued from Vincennes to Louis- \nville. When these lines shall have gone into operation, a direct communication by \nstage will then be opened from the Atlantic States to Boone\'s Lick, on the Missouri. \n\nBenj. Stephens, who is yet alive and a resident of Boone county, \nnorthwest of Columbia, was one of the firm of Wetzel, McClelland \n& Stephens, who had the contract for bringing the mail from St. \nCharles to Fayette, and in 1834 drove the first Troy coach ever in \nColumbia. \n\nIMMIGRATION TO THE BOONE\'s LICK COUNTRY. \n\nNotwithstanding the unusual sickness that prevailed, and the many \ndeaths which occurred in 1819, the immigration to " the Boone\'s \nLick Country " was very great, as will be seen by the followino; ex- \ntract from the Franklin Intelligencer of Nov. 19, 1819 : \n\nIMMIGRATION. \n\nThe immigration to this Territory, and particularly to this county, during the pres- \nent season almost exceeds belief. Those who have arrived in this quarter are princi- \npally from Kentucky, Tennessee, etc. Immense numbers of wagons, carriages, carts, \netc., with families, have for some time past been daily arriving. During the mouth \nof October it is stated that no less than 271 wagons and four-wheeled carriages and 55 \ntwo-wheeled carriages and carts passed near St. Charles, bound principally for Boon\'s \nLick. It is calculated that the number of persons accompanying these wagons, etc., \ncould not be less than three thousand (3,000). It is stated in the St. Louis Enquirer, \nof the 10th inst., that about twenty wagons, etc., per week had passed through St. \nCharles for the last nine or ten weeks, with wealthy and respectable emigrants \nfrom various States whose united numbers are supposed to amount to 12,000. The \ncounty of Howard, already respectable in numbers, will soon possess a vast popula- \ntion; and no section of our country presents a fairer prospect to the emigrant. \n\n\n\n144 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSMITHTON AND COLUMBIA. \n\nVery naturally the increase of population within the present limits \nof Boone county, during the years 1816, 1817, and 1818 was followed \nby the questions of an organized county, separate from Howard, and \nthe location of a county seat. The site of the new village of Lex- \nington at Thrall\'s Prairie was in every respect except one, a veiy \neligible location, and that one was, it was not near the geographical \ncentre of the proposed county, the western and eastern boundaries of \nwhich nature seemed to have fixed at the Moniteau and Cedar creeks. \nAbout midway, therefore, between these streams, and about the same \ndistance from the Missouri river as from either, was generally regarded \nas the proper, because the most convenient location, and just to the \nextremes, for the county seat. \n\nBelieving the organization of a new county was simply a question \nof time, and most probably a short time, certain observant and enter- \nprising citizens were not slow to adopt measures to found a town \nwhich they hoped in the early future would become the seat of justice \nof the new county. \n\nIn pursuance of this object a company was formed to purchase, at \nthe first government land sales held in the State at Franklin, Novem- \nber 18th, 1818, certain rich and eligible lands, in the midst of a fertile \nagricultural district, possessing advantages of healthfulness, water, \nand timber, on which to project a town. It was called " The Smith- \nton Company " and the town they started " Smithton," in honor of \nCol. Thomas A. Smith, Register of the United States Land Office at \nFranklin. \n\n(E. W. Stephens\'s Sketches in the Statesman.\') \n\n" The rate paid per acre for land was from |4 to $6. The land was \ndivided into lots of eleven and forty acres, and thus apportioned to the \ndifferent purchasers as each might elect. \n\n"NAMES or THE SMITHTON COMPANY. \n\n" The}^ were thirty-five in number, as follows: Richard Love, Lil- \nburn W. Boggs, Robert Snell, Wallace Estill, Gerard Robinson, \nAngus L. Longhorn, Richard Gentry, Thomas Story, John Wil- \nliams, Wm. Byars, John Thornton, David Gordon, Robert S. Barr, \nAnderson Woods, David Todd, Wm. Grayson, Wm. S. Hatch, Alfred \nR. Head, Mason Moss, James H. Bennett, Absalom McDaniel, Wm. \nLientz, Robert and John G. Heath, James H. Benson, Wm, M, \nAdams, Joshua Newbrough, Thomas Duley, James S. Conway, Peter \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE \' COUNTY. 145 \n\nBass, Lewis N. Joiirdan, Taylor Berry, Nicholas S. Burckhart, Henry \nCave, and Tarlton Turner. \n\n" The company conveyed to five of their number as trustees, viz : \nThomas Duley, Gerard Eobinson, David Todd, Richard Gentry, and \nTaylor Berry, the portions of the tract situated on the south half of \nsections 1,2, and 11, township 48, on which to lay out a town, and \nduring the winter of 1818-19 it was done. The site occupied the \nelevated ground some half mile west of the present court-house in \nColumbia, and now owned and occupied as a residence, grounds, and \npasture by Jefferson Garth. \n\n"\'IS Although during the spring of 1819 there was a sale of lots in \nSmithton, and quite a large number of purchases made, there were no \nhouses built until the fall of that year, except a small log cabin. Who \nbuilt this cabin we have not been able to learn. The trustees them- \nselves made no movement for the improvement of the town until, in \npursuance of the following advertisement, they contracted for the \n\xe2\x96\xa0erection of a " double hewed-loo; house : " \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n[Franklin (Mo.) Intelligencer, July 23, 1819.] \n\nSMITHTON. \n\nThe Trustees of Smithton wish immediately to contract for building a double \nhewed-log house, shingled roof and stone chimneys, one story and a half high, in that \ntown. Timber and stone ai\'e very convenient. \n\nThey will also contract for digging and walling a well. The improvements to be \nfinished by the first of November next, when payment will be made. Apply to the \nsubscribers. Taylor Berry, \n\nRichard Gentry, \nDavid Todd, \n\nTrustees. \nJuly 23, 1819. \n\nStephens\'s Sketches for the Statesman: "The double hewed-log \nhouse, with several other smaller ones, was let in the fall and built. \nThe occupants of this house were the family of Gen. Richard Gentry \n(the father of Thomas B. Gentry and Mrs. Boyle Gordonj who are \nnow residents of Columbia and the last of a family of thirteen). Gen. \nGentry kept there a house of entertainment, till his removal to \nColumbia a year afterwards. There also resided in Smithton two \nlawyers, Anthony B. Wayne and Samuel Wheeler ; a physician, Dr. \nDaniel P. Wilcox ; \'^ a grocery merchant, Peter Kearney, and several \n\n\n\n1 Dr. Wilcox died in Boone County February 10, 1831, being a member of the Legis- \nature at the time. \n\n\n\n146 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlaboring men, among whom were Charles Burns, Benj. Mothershead,. \n\nand Butterworth." \n\nThe difficulty of obtaining water by digging wells \xe2\x80\x94 for, at that \nperiod, nobody thought of cisterns, either in the grotmd or above it \xe2\x80\x94 \nsoon developed wide-spread dissatisfaction with the town location, \nand consequent propositions to move it to the east side of Flat Branch, \na small tributary of the Hinkson, and which ran along the east side of \nthe beautiful plateau on which Smithton was situated. It was urged \nthat in the lower lands, in the valley of this branch, water could be \nhad ; and finally, unable to resist the force of the arguments for re- \nmoval, and conformably to the almost invariable custom of the early \npioneers of the West, Smithton was transferred to the coveted site on \na water course. \n\nFOURTH OF JULY CELEBRATION AT SMITHTON. \n\nAlthough, for the reasons mentioned, the infant town of Smithton \nwas in a state of decadence, its early desertion to the eastern side of \nFlat Branch being a fixed fact, the patriotic ardor of its citizens \nsuffered no abatement, for on the Fourth of July, 1820, under the \ngenial shade of the stately sugar trees which there abounded, they \nassembled to celebrate the day. The Franklin hxtelligencev ^ of July \n29, records in what manner it was done : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTHE FOURTH OF JULY. \n\nThe Fourth of July, 1820, was celebrated at Smithton by a large and respectable- \nnumber of the citizens of the eastern part of Howard County. About 2 o\'clock the \ncompany sat down to an excellent dinner, provided for the occasion. After the cloth \nwas removed Col. John Williams was chosen president, and Capt. Overton Harris,, \nvice-president, when the following toasts were drank, with great glee and hilarity : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1 . The day we celebrate \xe2\x80\x94 the birthday of our liberties \xe2\x80\x94 may posterity cherish its- \nremembrance. \n\n2. The United States of America. \n\n3. The American Navy. \n\n4. The memory of Gen. George Washington. \n\n5. Thomas Jefferson. His administi-ation \xe2\x80\x94 a perfect model of republicanism. \n\n6. James Madison \xe2\x80\x94 the Patriot and Statesman. \n\n7. James Monroe \xe2\x80\x94 President of the United States. \n\n8. Henry Clay \xe2\x80\x94 the profound Statesman, zealous republican, and distinguished \nadvocate of the rights of man \xe2\x80\x94 his loss in the councils of the nation will be severely \nfelt by the citizens of Missouri. \n\n9. The Missouri Convention \xe2\x80\x94 may they give us a sound Constitution. \n\nVOLUNTEERS. \n\nBy Thomas Dudley, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 The Hon. David Todd \xe2\x80\x94 The enlightened judge and \naccomplished politician, may the citizens of Howard County ever appreciate his worth. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 147 \n\nBy Mr. John Williams \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Thomas A. Smith \xe2\x80\x94 as a soldier, brave and resolute; \nas a citizen, highly esteemed. \n\nBy Mr. Harrison \xe2\x80\x94 Major J. S. Findley \xe2\x80\x94 one of our representatives in the conven- \ntion \xe2\x80\x94 the finished gentleman. \n\nBy Joseph Hickam, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 May Smithton be our seat of justice and Col. Williams \nour representative. [Judge Hickam (not Hickum) is still living, and resides one \nmile west of Columbia.] \n\nBy Reuben Cave, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 May the Constitution of the State of Missouri be formed \nto the satisfaction of its citizens. \n\nBy John Williams, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 Col. James Johnson \xe2\x80\x94 the first to introduce the power of \nsteam on the "turbulent Missouri." \n\nBy John Williams, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 Col. Richard M. Johnson and the heroes who fought and \nbled in the Battle of the Thames. \n\nBy Mr. Reuben Cave \xe2\x80\x94 Col. Daniel Boon, the pioneer of the West \xe2\x80\x94 may his last \ndays be his happiest, and may his posterity prosper. \n\nBy Minor Neale, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 May the Constitution of Missouri be a bright link in the \ngolden chain of our Union. \n\nBy Daniel Neale, Esq. \xe2\x80\x94 The fair, who have left the places of their nativity \xe2\x80\x94 may \nthey prosper and shine with additional lustre in Missouri. \n\nWith the exception of Judge Joseph W. Hickam every man whose, \nname is mentioned in the above is dead. - . \n\nTHE TOWN OF NASHVILLE. \n[From Stephens\'s Sketch.] \n" One among the first towns projected within the present limits of \nBoone County was laid out in 1819, just below the present site of Prov- \nidence, on a tract of land owned by Ira P. Nash, an eccentric o-enius \nwho lived in that vicinity for many years, from whom it was named \n\' Nashville.\' \n\n" In 1820 Nashville contained a tobacco warehouse, kept by James \nHarris and Abraham J. Williams ; a post-office, and several other \nbuildings. It at that time promised to be one of the largest shippino- \npoints on the Missouri, and grew to be a place of some enterprise^ \nwhen the treacherous river swept it away." \n\nIn the Franklin Intelligencer of December 17, 1819, appeared th& \nfollowing publication relative to this town : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTHE TOWN OF \n\nNASHVILLE \n\nrOR SALE. \n\nTHE above TOWN is laid off on a Spanish grant confirmed by the United States^ \nThe title to said property is indisputable, and situated on the North bank of the Mis- \nsouri river, near the mouth of Little Bonne Femme creek, about thirty miles below the \ntown of Franklin, and about the same distance above Cote San Dessein. \n\nNASHVILLE is the nearest and most convenient point on the river to which the ex \ntensive and numerous settlement in the Two Mile Prairie and the surrounding country \ncan have access. It promises to enjoy a large proportion of the trade of the river; \nand from the convenience of its situation, it will furnish many facilities to the trans- \n\n\n\n148 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nportation of the vast quantities of surplus produce of an extensive and salubrious soil. \nThe landing at this town is at all seasons of the year superior to most other places, \nand certainly inferior to none on the Missouri. The proprietors have concluded to give \nthe public at large an opportunity of enjoying the profits arising from the increase of \ntown property, by offering at \n\nPUBLIC SALE \n\nA FEW LOTS \n\nIN NASHVILLE, \n\nAt Franklin, on Saturday, the first of January, 1820. \n\nThe remainder of the Lots in the town of Nashville will be offered at public sale on \nthe 15th day of January, 1820, at Nashville. \n\nA credit of six, twelve, and eighteen months will be given to purchasers, by their \nexecuting notes for the payment of the purchase money. \n\nPETER BASS, \nRICHARD GENTRY, \nJ. M. WHITE, \nProprietors and agents for the other proprittors. \nDecember 17, 1819. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER II. \n\nFROM THE ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY IN 1820 TO 1830. \n\nElection returns, from 1820 to 1830 \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County organized out of the territory of \nHoward \xe2\x80\x94 Law defining the limits of Boone County \xe2\x80\x94 County named after Daniel \nBoone \xe2\x80\x94 Biographical sketch of Daniel Boone \xe2\x80\x94 Location of the county seat \xe2\x80\x94 \nSmithton \xe2\x80\x94 Eirst Circuit Court at Smithton \xe2\x80\x94 Names of officers, jurors and attor- \nneys \xe2\x80\x94 First County Court \xe2\x80\x94 Smithton moved to Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Public notice of the \nchange given by the trustees \xe2\x80\x94 Columbia made the County Seat \xe2\x80\x94 Sale of lots in \nColumbia \xe2\x80\x94 First residences, stores, hotel, etc. \xe2\x80\x94 First Circuit and County Courts \nat Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Organization of Townships \xe2\x80\x94 First Sheriff, Assessor and Coroner \xe2\x80\x94 \nFirst post-office \xe2\x80\x94 First Justice of the Peace, deed, mortgage and marriages \xe2\x80\x94 \nCounty finances in 1821 \xe2\x80\x94 The grasshopper pest \xe2\x80\x94 First horse and water mills \xe2\x80\x94 \n" The hull of a Court House " \xe2\x80\x94 A financial contrast \xe2\x80\x94 Towns of Perche and Roche- \nport \xe2\x80\x94 The shooting match \xe2\x80\x94 Indian troubles on the Chariton \xe2\x80\x94 The Santa Fe trade. \n\nCOUNTY ELECTIONS FROM 1820 TO 1830. \nELECTION, 1822. \n\nKEPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n*John Scott 503 J. B. C. Lucas 6 \n\nAlex. Stewart 49 \xe2\x80\x94 r \n\nTotal 558 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\nJames W. Moss 244 Mason Moss 67 \n\n*Peter Wright 286 *D. C. Westerfield , . . 293 \n\nElias Elston 277 Thos. Thompson . 223 \n\nJohn Slack 246 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONK COUNTY. \n\n\n\n149 \n\n\n\nSpecial election for Representative in 1822, caused by resignation of Elias Elston : \n*Jas. W. Moss 257 John Slack 113 \n\nTotal 370 \n\nELECTION, 1824. \n\n* Those thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nREPRESENTATITE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\n\nJohn Scott . . . \nGeorge F. Strother \nRobert Wash . . \n\n\n\nTotal , \n\nGovernor \xe2\x80\x94 \nFrederick Bates \nWm. H. Ashley \n\n\n\nTotal \n\nLieutenant-Governor \nBenj. H. Reeves . \nWm. C. Carr \nNathaniel Cook \nJames Evans . . \n\n\n\nTotal , \n\nRepresentatives \xe2\x80\x94 \n*Peter Wright . \n*D. C. Westerfleld \nJohn Slack . . \nTyre Harris . . \nOverton Harris . \nRichard Gentry . \n\n\n\nO \n\n\n\n169 \n57 \n\n\n\n140 \n\n83 \n\n\n\n194 \n\n7 \n19 \n\n\n\n197 \n\n193 \n\n118 \n\n40 \n\n68 \n\n75 \n\n\n\nQ \n\n\n\n68 \n\n\n\n76 \n10 \n\n\n\n63 \n\n13 \n\n1 \n\n6 \n\n\n\n71 \n49 \n12 \n49 \n53 \n18 \n\n\n\n167 \n26 \n10 \n\n\n\n98 \n104 \n\n\n\n195 \n"2 \n\n\n\n180 \n130 \n148 \n102 \n38 \n53 \n\n\n\nPi \n\n\n\n89 \n\n16 \n\n5 \n\n\n\n71 \n\n39 \n\n\n\n109 \n\n\n\n74 \n9 \n65 \n83 \n46 \n28 \n\n\n\nP4 \n\n\n\n58 \n\n\n\n47 \n14 \n\n\n\n63 \n\n\n\n55 \n38 \n52 \n\n8 \n26 \n\n2 \n\n\n\n551 \n\n107 \n28 \n\n686 \n\n482 \n250 \n\n\n\n624 \n20 \n23 \n\n\n\n675 \n\n527 \n419 \n390 \n282 \n231 \n176 \n\n\n\nSpecial election for Representative, November 4th, 1824, caused by death of D. C. \nWesterfleld. \n\n\n\n*Thomas W. Conyers 140 \n\nTyre Harris 76 \n\nJames W. Moss 47 \n\n\n\n3 \n16 \n10 \n\n\n\n19 \n\n71 \n\n4 \n\n\n\n50 \n\n\n\n212 \n\n163 \n\n66 \n\n\n\nAt this election James Barns was re-elected Sheriff of the county. \n\nSPECIAL ELECTION, 1825. \n\nDecember 8th, 1825, special election to fill vacancy caused by death of Gov. Bates. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n03 \n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 l-H \n\n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nh \n\n\n\n\no \n\n\n\n\n\n\n,Q \n\n\n\n\n3 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nGOVERNOR. \n\n\nS \n3 \n\n\no3 \n\n\no \n\n03 \nIB \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\'3 \n\n\n\n\nO \n\nQ \n\n\no \n\n\n\xc2\xa7 \n\n\np-l \n\n\n^ \n\n\nH \n\n\nWm. C. Carr . \n\n\n21 \n\n122 \n\n152 \n\n1 \n\n\n6 \n\n3 \n\n36 \n\n\n27 \n25 \n22 \n\n\n6 \n\n42 \n\n3 \n\n\n3 \n\n44 \n2 \n\n\n63 \n\n\nDavid Todd \n\n\n236 \n\n\n*.John Miller \n\n\n215 \n\n\nRufus Easton \n\n\n1 \n\n\n\n150 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nAfter the death of Gov. Frederick Bates, August 4, 1825, the duties \nof Governor devolved upon Lieutenant-Governor Benj. H. Eeeves, but \nhe being absent from the State, in Santa Fe, Abraham J. Williams, \nof Boone, ^President j9ro tern, of the Senate, became Governor until an \nelection was held, and he discharged its functions from August till \nDecember, 1825. \n\nELECTION, 1826. \n\n\n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\n03 \n\nS \n\n3 \nO \n\nO \n\n\no \n\n\no \n\n\n03 \nPL, \n\n\n1 \n\n\no \n\n\n*John Scott \n\n\n241 \n191 \n\n\n27 \n25 \n\n\n56 \n79 \n\n\n41 \n\n50 \n\n\n23 \n42 \n\n\n388 \n\n\nEdward Bates \n\n\n387 \n\n\nTotal \n\n\n775 \n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0Senato7\'s \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nA. J. Williams \n\nPeter ^Vricht \n\n\n171 \n\n83 \n\n178 \n\n1 \n\n\n37 \n9 \n\n2 \n\n\n54 \n26 \n51 \n\n\n8 \n23 \n55 \n\n\n4 \n\n36 \n39 \n\n\n274 \n\n177 \n\n\n*E,ichard Gentry \n\n\n325 \n1 \n\n\nTotal \n\n\n777 \n\n\nRepresentatives in Legislature \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n*Tyre Harris \n\nDavid M. Hickman . . \n\n\n238 \n181 \n189 \n43 \n243 \n\n181 \n91 \n70 \n\n101 \n\n\n47 \n\n33 \n2 \n3 \n\n14 \n\n26 \n2 \n\n21 \n1 \n\n\n96 \n13 \n40 \n42 \n\n76 \n\n35 \n\n74 \n\n4 \n\n24 \n\n\n\n\n79 \n12 \n19 \n15 \n64 \n\n43 \n\n34 \n\n1 \n\n10 \n\n\n15 \n23 \n47 \n. 8 \n64 \n\n57 \n18 \n\n5 \n\n\n475 \n\n262 \n\n\nThos. W. Conyers \n\n\n\'>87 \n\n\nAVm. Barnes \n\n\n111 \n\n\n*Win. Jewell \n\nSheriff\xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n461 \n\n34"? \n\n\nSamuel Beattie \n\n\n9iq \n\n\nJames T. Moss \n\nIcliabod C. Hensley \n\nTotal \n\n\n96 \n141 \n\n818 \n\n\n\nBy this it will be seen that John Scott received in the county one \nmajority for Congress, and that Richard Gentry was elected Senator, \nDr. William Jewell and Tyre Harris Representatives, and Harrison \nJamison Sheriff. \n\n\n\n1 Mr. Williams, being born with only one leg, always used crutches ; was never mar- \nried, and was a merchant of Columbia, his storehouse being the same now occupied as \na residence by Dr. James McNutt. Some years before his death he bought and im- \nproved a farm-p-now Isnown as, the Payne or Jennings farm, six miles south of Colum- \nbia, on the Providence road. He died on this farm, December 30, 1839, aged 58 years, \nand was buried in the old grave-yard in Columbia, where his tomb of box shape is yet \nto be seen. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nELECTION, 1828,. \n\n\n\n151 \n\n\n\nGOVERNOR. \n\n\n2 \nS \n\nO \n\n\nu \n\no \n\n\nO \n\nCO \n\n\na! \n\n\no \n25 \n\n\n\'a \no \nH \n\n\n*John Miller \n\n\n337 \n173 \n\n159 \n\n\n69 \n\n23 \n2 \n\n10 \n30 \n\n\n159 \n\n28 \n16 \n13 \n93 \n\n\n61 \n\n20 \n3 \n\n33 \n2 \n\n\n49 \n\n12 \n12 \n\n1 \n15 \n\n3 \n\n\n675 \n\n\nXiieidenant - Governo?- \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nSamuel Ferry . i . . \n\nFelix Scott . . \' \n\nAlex. Stewart . \' \n\n*Daniel Dunklin \n\n\n256 \n33 \n24 \n\n830 \n\n\nAlex. Buckner \n\nTotal \n\n\n5 \n\n648 \n\n\nRepi\'esentative to Congress \xe2\x80\x94 \nEdward Bates \xe2\x96\xa0 \n\n\n238 \n279 \n\n\n33 \n41 \n\n\n66 \n95 \n\n\n20 \n44 \n\n\n9 \n45 \n\n22 \n33 \n\n7 \n21 \n30 \n\n1 \n\n40 \n15 \n\n\n361 \n\n\n*Spencer Pettis \n\n\n504 \n\n\nTotal \n\n\n865 \n\n\nHepresentatives in Legislature \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n*Sinclair Kirtley \n\n*William S. Burch \n\n"William Jewell \n\n\n257 \n302 \n165 \n200 \n218 \n18 \n\n326 \n224 \n\n\n33 \n\n29 \n33 \n25 \n28 \n3 \n\n63 \n10 \n\n\n41 \n114 \n41 \n45 \n45 \n34 \n\n91 \n66 \n\n\n12 \n\n39 \n11 \n\n22 \n28 \n21 \n\n43 \n19 \n\n\n365 \n517 \n\n257 \n\n\nJesse T. Wood \n\n\n818 \n\n\n\n\n849 \n\n\nTvre Harris . . \n\n\n77 \n\n\n:Sheriff\xe2\x80\x94 \n\n"^Harrison Jamison \n\n\n568 \n\n\nAbraham N. Foley \n\n\n884 \n\n\n\n\n897 \n\n\n\n1820. \xe2\x80\x94 Population of Boone County. \n\n\n\n.3,692 \n\n\n\nMissouri was not finally admitted into tRe Union as a State until \nAugust 10, 1821, at which time the event was accomplished by a \nproclamation from President Monroe. Boone, with its present limits, \nhaving been erected into a county November 16, 1820, some nine \nmonths before the admission of the State, was for that period a terri- \ntorial county. \n\nIt will be interesting to note the preliminary steps which were taken \nto carve out of the immense territory of Howard the new county of \nBoone, and for this purpose we avail ourselves of the recital made of \nthem by Mr. Stephens\'s historical sketch, published in the States- \nman : \n\n" The Territorial Legislature assembled in St. Louis on September \n18th, 1820, and proceeded to organize by the election of James Cald- \nwell, of Ste. Genevieve, Speaker, and John McArthur, Clerk of the \nHouse. It consisted of forty-one members. \n\n\n\n152 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n"It was during the session of this Legislature that Boone County \nwas organized. \n\n"On Tuesday, October 20th, 1820, Andrew S. McGirk presented \nseveral petitions, and a letter from the citizens of Howard, praying \nfor the establishment of a new county. This was the first movement \ntoward the reorganization of the County of Boone. The petitions \nwere referred to a special committee, who, a few weeks afterward, \nmade a favorable report, which wais adopted by both Houses, and \nfinally approved on November 16th, 1820. The act vesting Boone \nwith all the privileges and immnnities of a distinct county, went into \neffect January 1st, 1821, but it was not until February that the first \ncourt was held, and it was as late as June before the Sheriff, Assessor,. \nand other officials received their commissions from the Governor. \nThe act organizing Boone County thus prescribes its limits, which, \nwith but very slight variation, are the same at this time : \xe2\x80\x94 , \n\nBeginning at tlie southeast corner of and running with the eastwardly line of How- \nard County, to where it intersects tlie line between townships fifty and flfty-one, thence \neastwardly to the dividing ridge between the waters of the Cedar Creek and Salt River \nto the Montgomery line ; thence southwardly with said line to where it strikes said \nCedar Creek; thence down said creek in the middle of the main channel thereof, to \nwhere the range line between eleven and twelve crosses the creek the second time ; \nthence with said line to the middle of the channel of the Missouri River; thence up \nthe Missouri River in the middle of the main channel thereof to the place of begin- \nning. ^ \n\n" Who conceived the title of \' Boone \' is unknown, but certain it is \nthat the name was given in honor of the famous Kentucky pioneer, \nDaniel Boone, and it is probable that its selection was mostly influ- \nenced by the event of the latter\'s death at Charrette Village, on the \nMissouri, a few miles above St. Charles, just two weeks previous \n(September 26, 1820,) to the presentation of the petitions by Mr. \nMcGirk. \n\n"The news of his death was being spread throughout the country,, \nand at the time Boone County was formed, the members of the Leg- \nislature were wearing badges of mourning in respect to his memory. \nUnder such circumstances it is but a natural supposition that there \nshould have been a prevalent sentiment to establish some lasting \nmonnment in honor of a man whose career had been so illustrious and \nwhose name had been so closely linked with the early fortunes of \nKentucky and Missouri. \n\n\n\n1 See Rev. Stat., 1825, vol. 1, page 238. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 15S \n\n" Hence, tis a befitting tril)ute of appreciation, a county was named \nin his honor.\'\' \n\nBIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF DANIEL BOONE. \n\nIt is certainly not inappropriate, but quite the contrary tliat, as this \ncounty was called in honor of Daniel Boone, and for this reason will \nforever remain a perpetual memory of his life, a short biographical \nsketch of him should accompany its history. \n\nIn regard to his birth, name and death, controversies have ariseii \namong historians and biographers. It is, perhaps, not a remarkable \ncircumstance that doubts and differences exist in regard to the time of \nDaniel Boone\'s birth, and as to the orthography of his name, but that \nthere should be any contrariety of statement touching so recent an \nevent as his death, is a little singular. \n\n1. His Birth: He was born in Exeter township, Bucks county,. \nPa., according to Bogant, February 11, 1735; Hartley, same date f \nPeck, February, 1735 ; the family record in the handwriting of his \nUncle James, July 14, 1732; Flint (who wrote in 1840), 1746; \nBogart (who wrote in 1881), August 22, 1734 ; Switzler (who wrote \nin 1877), adopts, in his "History of Missouri," the date of James \nBoone\'s family record \xe2\x80\x94 July 14, 1732. \n\n2. His Name: Was it Boone or Boon? Many of his descendants \nwho, fifty years and more ago, lived in Missouri, for examples, \nWilliam, Hampton L., Nestor and William C. Boon, and some of them \nwho yet reside in the State, among whom is William C. Boon, of \nJefferson City, omit the final " e." In consequence of this fact, per- \nhaps, the early records of this county, as well as our first county seal, \nspelled it " Boon." And "Boon\'s Lick," as applied to the extensive \nregion in Central Missouri known by that name, and in the name of \nthe first newspaper ever published west of the Missouri river, at \nFranklin, in 1819, the \'\xe2\x96\xa0\'\xe2\x96\xa0Missouri Intelligencer and Boon\'s Lich \nAdvertiser," it is spelled without the " e." Nevertheless, the act of \nthe Legislature organizing Boone county, November 16, 1820 ; the \nFranklin, Mo., Intelligencer of 1819, and Lewis C. Beck\'s Gazetteer \nof Missouri, 1823, when speaking of the county add the final " e." \nYet there is higher authority than either of these for the " e," viz. : \nDaniel Boone himself, for he thus spelled his name. We have before \nus now, through the courtesy of Col. Thomas E. Tutt, of St. Louis, a \nlithographic copy of a letter from Boone addressed to Col. William \nChristian, of Kentuckj^, \xe2\x80\x94 called " Cristen " in the letter \xe2\x80\x94 dated \n\n\n\n154 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nAugust 23, 1785, iiud concluding, " you will oblyge your omble \nsarvent," to which he signs his name as "Daniel Boone." The \n\xe2\x80\xa2original letter is now in the possession of Thomas W. Bullet, of \nLouisville, Ky., who is a grandson of Col. Christian. In the museum \nof the Louisville, Ky., Public Library there is a genuine autograph \nletter of Boone dated " Grate Conhoway July the 30th 1789," and \naddressed to "Col. Hartt & Rochester," which is subscribed as fol- \nlows : "lam Sir With Respect your very omble Sarvent Daniel Boone." \n(See letter of Prof. P. A. Towne in the Courier- Journal, 1876.) In \na letter of J. E. Paton, Circuit Clerk of Bourbon county, Ky., \nwritten at Paris, Ky., December 20, 1876, to the Cincinnati Enquirer, \nhe says there are in his office a number of the genuine signatures of \nBoone with the final " e." In Collins\' " History of Kentucky," Vol. \nII., page 61, there is a fac simile of a letter from Boone, which, in \n1846, was in possession of Joseph B. Boyd, of Maysville, and ad- \ndressed to "Judge John Cobren, Sant Lewis," dated October 5, \n1809, that concludes, " I am Deer Sir j^oures Daniel Boone." \n\nThese authorities settle the question beyond cavil. \n\n3. His Life : His father. Squire Boone, came from England, and \ntook up his residence in a frontier settlement in Pennsylvania, where \nDaniel received the merest rudiments of education, but became thor- \noughly familiar with the arts and hardships of pioneer life. When he \nwas 18 years old the family moved to the banks of the river Yadkin, \nin North Carolina, where he married Rebecca Bryan, and passed some \nyears as a farmer. He made several hunting excursions into the \nwilderness, and finally, in 1769, set out with five others to explore the \nborder region of Kentucky. They halted on Red river, a branch of \nthe Kentucky, where they hunted for several months. In December, \n1769, Boone and a companion named Stewart were captured by the \nIndians, but escaped, and Boone was soon after joined by his brother. \nThey were captured again, and Stewart was killed; but Boone \nescaped, and his brother going shortly after to North Carolina, he was \nleft alone for several weeks in the wilderness, with only his rifle for \nmeans of support. \n\nHe was rejoined by his brother, and they continued their explora- \ntions till March, 1771, when they returned home with the spoils which \nthey had collected. In 1773 he sold his farm and set out with his \nfamily and two brothers, and five other families, to make his home in \nKentucky. They were intercepted by Indians and forced to retreat to \nClinch river, near the border of Virginia, w^here they remained for \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 155 \n\n-some time, Boone in the meanwhile conducting a party of surveyors \ninto Kentucky for Patrick Henry, the Governor of Virginia. He was \nafterward appointed, with the commission of a captain, to command \nthree garrisons on the Ohio, to keep back the hostile Indians, and in \n1775 was emph)yed to lay out lands in Kentucky for the Pennsylvania \n\'Company. He erected a stockade fort on the Kentucky river, which \nhe called Boonsborongh, which is now in Madison county, and \nremoved his family to the new settlement, where he was again em- \nployed in command of a force to repel the Indians. \n\nIn 1778 he went to Blue Licks to obtain salt for the settlement, and \nwas captured and taken to Detroit. His knowledge of the Indian \ncharacter enabled him to gain favor with his captors, and he was \nadopted into one of their families. Discovering a plan laid by the \nBritish for an Indian attack upon Boonsborongh, he contrived to escape, \nand set out for the Kentucky settlement, which he reached in less than \nfive days. His family, supposing that he was dead, had returned to \nNorth Carolina ; but he at once put the garrison in order and success- \nfully repelled the attack, which was soon made. He was court-mar- \ntialed for surrendering his party at the Licks, and for endeavoring to \nmake a treaty with the Indians before the attack on the fort ; but, \n-conducting his oAvn defence, he was acquitted and promoted to the \nrank of major. \n\nIn 1780 he brought his family back to Boonsborongh, and contin- \nued to live there till 1792. At that time Kentucky was admitted into \nthe Union as a State, and much litigation arose about the titles of settlers \nto their lands. Boone, losing all his possessions for want of a clear \ntitle, retired in 1795 in disgust into the wilderness of Missouri, settling \non the Femme Osage Creek, in St. Charles County. This region was \nthen under the dominion of Spain, and he was appointed commander \nof the Femme Osage district, and received a large tract of land \nfor his services, which he also lost subsequently because he failed \nto make his title good. His claim to another tract of land was con- \nfirmed by Congress in 1812, in consideration of his eminent public \nservices. \n\nThe latter years of his life he spent in Missouri, with his son, Na- \nthan Boone, near Marthasville, where he died September 26, 1820, \naged eighty-six. The only original portrait of Boone in existence \nwas painted by Mr. Chester Harding in 1820, and now hangs in the \nState-house at Frankfort, Kentucky. His remains were interred by \nthe side of his wife\'s, who died March 18, 1813, near the village \n\n\n\n156 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nnamed, where they continued to repose until August, 1845, when they \nwere removed for interment in the public cemetery at Frankfort. \n\nThe consent of the surviving relations of the deceased having been \nobtained, a commission was appointed under whose superintendence \nthe removal was effected ; and the 13th of September, 1845, was fixed \nupon as the time when the ashes of the venerable dead would be com- \nmitted with fitting ceremonies to the place of their final repose. It \nwas a day which will be long remembered in the historj\' of Franklin \nCounty, Kentucky. The deep feeling excited by the occasion was \nevinced by the assembling of an immense concourse of citizens from \nall parts of" the State ; and the ceremonies were most imposing and \nimpressive. A procession extending more than a- mile in length \naccompanied the coffin to the grave. The hearse, decorated with \nevero-reens and flowers, and drawn by four white horses, was placed in \nits assigned position in the line, accompanied, as pall-bearers, by the \nfollowing distinguished pioneers, viz. : Col. Richard M. Johnson, of \nScott; Gen. James Taylor, of Campbell; Capt. James Ward, of Ma- \nson; Gen. Robert B. McAfee and Peter Jordan, of Mercer; Walter \nBullock, Esq., of Fayette ; Capt. Thomas Joj^es, of Louisville ; Mr. \nLondon Sneed, of Franklin ; Col. John Johnson, of the State of Ohio ; \nMaj. E. E. Williams, of Kenton, and Col. William Boone, of Shelby. \nThe procession was accompanied by several military companies and \nthe members of the Masonic Fraternity and the Independent Order of \nOdd Fellows, in rich regalia. Arrived at the grave, the company was \nbrouo-ht toirether in a beautiful hollow near the grove, ascending from \n\nO O CD \xe2\x96\xa0\' CD \n\nthe centre on every side. Here the funeral services were performed. \nThe hvmn was given out by Rev. Mr. Godell, of the Baptist Church ; \nprayer by Bishop Soule, of the Methodist Episcopal Church ; oration \nby the Hon. John J. Crittenden ; closing prayer by the Rev. J. J. Bul- \nlock, of the Presbyterian Church, and benediction by the Eld. P. S. \nFall, of the Christian Church. The coffins were then lowered into \nthe o;raves. The spot where the graves are situated is as beautiful as \nnature and art combined can make it. It is designed to erect a mon- \nument on the place. \n\n4. His Death: Timothy Flint, in his biography (1840), states \nthat it occurred " in the year 1818, and in the eighty-fourth year of \nhis age ; " Hartley, on September 26, 1820, in his eighty-sixth year ; \nBogart, the same ; Switzler, the same, except that his age was eighty- \neight ; and Chester Harding, who painted from life the celebrated por- \ntrait of him in June, 1820, and who fixes his age at ninety, also fixea \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, 157 \n\nllis death as occurring in 1820. (See Harding\'s " Egotistigraphy," \nfor a copy of which we are indebted to his sou, Gen. James Harding, \n\xe2\x80\xa2one of the Board of Railroad Commissioners for Missouri.) \n\nWe have, however, recently met with higher authority than either \nof the above writers, and one that conclusively settles the date of his \ndeath. In the Franklin (Mo.) Intelligencer oi Oct. 14, 1820, there \nis copied from the St. Louis Enquirer an obituary notice of Daniel \nBoone, the first paragraph of which is as follows : \n\nDied. \xe2\x80\x94 On the 26tli ult. [Sep.] at Charette Village [which was on Femme Osage \nCreek, in St. Charles County, Mo.], in the ninetieth year of his age, the celebrated \nCol. DANIEL BOONE, discoverer and first settler of the State of Kentucky. \n\nThis disposes of the question conclusively. \n\nHe died at the residence of his son, Maj. Nathan Boone, which was \nan old-style two-story house, the first of the kind erected west of the \nMissouri river, and it is yet standing. A good wood cut of it can be \nfound in " Switzler\'s History of Missouri," page 180. \n\nThe obituary in the Enquirer -a\\^o says that on the 28th September, \nMr. Emmons, Senator from Saint Charles County, communicated the \nintelligence of his death to the Legislature, then in session in St. \nCharles, and that " both branches of that body, through respect to \nhis memory, adjourned for the da}^, and passed a resolution to wear \ncrape on the left arm for twenty days." \n\nOne of his sons, Jesse B. Boone, was at the time a member of the \nliCgislature from the county of Montgomery. \n\nLOCATION or THE COUNTY SEAT. \n\nThe act having been passed November 16, 1820, to organize Boone \nCounty, the Statesman sketches by Mr. Stephens say that "John \nGray, Jefierson Fulcher, Absalom Hicks, Lawrence Bass and David \nJackson, were appointed by the Legislature commissioners to select \nand establish a permanent county seat. They were emj)owered to re- \nceive donations of not less than fifty, or more than two hundred acres \nof land, upon which to fix this seat of justice ; and, in the event of \nno donations being made, they were authorized to purchase land, for \nwhich not more than ten dollars per acre were to be paid. \n\n"Upon the reception of this land, deeds were to be taken by said \ncommissioners, which were to be submitted to the Circuit Court, upon \nwhose approval the commissioners were to proceed to advertise the \nlots for sale, in some newspaper printed in the State. \n\n\n\n158 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n" In January, 1821, the commissioners entered upon the discharge^ \nof their duties, and in the fall of that year fixed the seat of justice \nat Columbia ; and henceforth the identity of Boone was recognized \nand permanently preserved. \n\nThe ground on which Columbia now stands was purchased at the \ngovernment land sales, on November 18th, 1818, by an association of" \ncitizens of Missouri and other States, organized in Franklin, and \nstyled the " Smithton Company." The prospect of an early forma- \ntion of a new county was quite evident, and the situation of this land \nseeming favorable, it was purchased for the purpose of securing upon \nit the seat of justice. \n\n" Smithton, however, stood for over eighteen months, and it was twa \nyears from the location of the first building there when the change of \nthe county seat was made to Columbia. \n\nFIRST CIRCUIT COURT AT SMITHTON. \n\n" During its existence the county was organized (November, 1820), \nand by an act of the Legislature, the temporary county seat was there \nlocated. There, on April 2d, 1821, the first Circuit Court (David \nTodd, judge ^) of Boone County, was held. In consequence of its \nhistoric interest, it is deemed fitting to note the following incidents \nduring the session of the Court : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nOn the day of its meeting, the following officers appeared and pre- \nsented their commissions : David Todd, Judge ; Hamilton R. Gramble, \nCircuit Attorney ; Roger N. Todd, Clerk : Overton Harris, Sheriff. \nThe following is the first entry on the records of the court : \n\nState of Mo., Boon[e] County. \nBe it remembered, that upon the 2cl day of April, in the year of our Lord one thou- \nsand eight hundred and twenty-one, being the first Monday in said month, at the town \nof Smithton, in said county of Boone (tlie same being the time and place appointed \nfor holding the temporary courts for said county, by two several acts of the Legislature \nof said State, one approved November 25, 1820, entitled "An act establishing judicial \ndistricts and circuits, and prescribing the times and places of holding courts;" the \nother approved November 16th, 1820, entitled "An act defining the limits of Howard \ncounty, and laying off new counties within the limits of said county as heretofore \ndefined") personally appeared David Todd, esquire, and produced a commission from \nthe Governor of said State ^ as the Judge of the Circuit Court of said county, and as \nbeing duly qualified thereto, which was read, and is in the following words, to-wit: \n\n\n\n1 David Todd was born in Lexington, Ky., March 29, 1786, and died in Columbia^ \nMo-, June 9, 1859. \n\n2 Then Alex. McNair, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 153^ \n\nSigned at St. Louis, Dec. 5, 1820, attested by Goveruor\'s private seal, " there being \nno seal of State yet provided," and by Joshua Barton, Sec\'y of State. \n\nAnd the said Judge caused due proclamation to be made and took his seat and con- \nstituted a court for the circuit of said county of Boone. \n\nHamilton R. Gamble produced his commission as Circuit Attorney. \n\nThe follow^ing persons were admitted to practice as attorneys : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nJohn F. Ryland, Cyrus Edwards, \n\nJohn C. Mitchell, Chas. French, \n\nJohn Payne, Wm. J. Redd, \n\nHamilton R. Gamble, John T. McKinney, \n\nDabney Carr, Rob\'t A. Ewlng, \n\nAndrew S. McGirk. \n\nGRAN J) JURY. \n\n" The following grand jury was empanelled: \n\nPeter Bass, Foreman, Mosias Jones, Peter Ellis, James Ready ^ \nHugh Patten, Thomas G. Jones, Wm. Barry, Joshua Alexander, \nJohn Ogan, John Kennon, Richard Cave, Sen., Joseph Lynes, Har- . \nrisou Jamison, Riley Slocum, Hiram P. Philips, John Anderson, \nJohn Slack, Smith Turner, George Sexton, Benjamin Mothershead,. \nMinor Neale, John Henderson, and Tyre Harris." \n\nHaving received their charge, the jury went out of court, and after \nsome time returned and presented an indictment against Wm. Ramsey \nand Hiram Bryant for assault and battery (a true bill), and having \nnothing further to present, were discharged. Ramsey and Bryant \nwere indicted for assault and battery. R. was convicted at next \nterm and fined $20. Case v. B. nol. pros\' d at December term. First \ncivil suit disposed of was Obadiah Babbitt v. Amos Barnes. Appeal \nfrom Justice John Slack\'s court. Judgment set aside. Criminal \ncases at first were all for assault and battery. \n\n"A petit jury was also empanelled and was composed of the fol- \nlowing : \n\n" John T. Evans, John T. Foster, Michael Woods, Jesse Richard- \nson, Daniel King, John Jamison, Thomas Kennon, John Berry, Jesse \nDavis, Joseph W. Hickam, Robert Jones and Adam C. Reyburn. \n\n" This court held two days, and was employed chiefly in appointing \noverseers for roads and issuing licenses. In the absence of a proper \nbuilding, their proceedings were conducted under an arbor of sugar \ntrees, constructed for the purpose and provided with accommodations, \nand here within this shady grove, surrounded by the luxuriance and \nbeauty of nature\'s freshness, did justice have an honored birth-place^ \nupon the soil of Boone countv ! \n\n\n\n,160 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n" On August 6th, 1821, was held another Ch-cuit Court, at Smith- \nton, with same officers and the following grand jur}^ : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" William Lientz, Foreman ; Daniel Toalson, Lewis Collins, William \nRidgeway, Henry Cave, Sen., Peter Creason, James Hicks, Robert \nBarclay, Stephen Wilhite, Aquilla Barns, David McQuitty, James \nLamme, John W. Fowler, Nathaniel Teagus, William Boyse, Richard \nLanum, and James Harris. ^ \n\nFIRST COUNTY COUET. \n\n" The first regular session of the County Court of Boone was held at \nSmithton on February 23d, 1821, two months before the sitting of \nthe Circuit Court. The judges present were ; Anderson Woods and \nLazarus Wilcox. Its only work at this session was to appoint Warren \nWoodson, clerk ^ro tern., and Michael Woods, County Assessor. \n\n"At its next meeting on May 21st, its third judge, Peter Wright, ap- \npeared and began his duties. A good deal of business was transacted \nat this session, and amongst other things were the division of the \ncounty into judicial townships, and the appointment of Peter Wright, \nCounty Surveyor, and of Overton Harris, County Collector. Regu- \nlar sessions of the same Court met at Smithton on August 20th, and \nNovember 14th, after which the change was made to Columbia. \n\nSMITHTON MOVED TO COLUMBIA. \n\n" The failure to obtain water on the site of Smithton soon induced \nthe proprietors to abandon the project of a town at that place, and it \nwas determined to lay out a town on the same plan on the present site \nof Columbia, and to transfer the titles of land in Smithton to lots of \nsimilar size and value in Columbia ; should it be the option of holders \nof these titles to have the transfer made." \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 PUBLIC NOTICE OF THE CHANGE. \n\nThe following publication was made in the Intelligencer, at Franklin \n(May 21, 1821), notifying those persons of the change : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCOLXJMBIA. \n\nThe trustees of this town inform those interested, tliat the permanent seat of justice \nof Boon County has been located upon the lands belonging to the company, lately \ncalled " Smithton Company," at which place a town, upon the same plan as the orig- \ninal one, has been laid out, and is called Columbia. \n\nIn justice to the purchasers of lots in Smithton, the trustees will reserve a lot \ncorresponding in number, to be conveyed to them on application, if made on or before \nthe first Monday in August next, and will renew their note or notes now held by the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 161 \n\ntrustees: and this renewal will be on a credit of one year for one-half the amount yet \nowing the trustees \xe2\x80\x94the other to be considered as due. These proposals are consid- \nered very liberal, as the whole amount is now due, and for a lot in the old town, which \nis supposed will be abandoned. If the purchaser does not apply, and cancel the old \ncontract by the time fixed, it will be presumed the purchaser intends retaining and \npaying for his lot in Smithton ; and the trustees will, after that time, feel authorized to \ndispose of the number now reserved for those persons in Columbia. \n\nAttention will be given immediately on the subject at Judge Todd\'s offlce, in Frank- \nlin, by Mr. Rees, who will be prepared to receive the old notes and execute title bonds. \nIt is distinctly understood that this is considered a new purchase by each individual, \nand if in any other point of view, the purchaser will retain his lot in Smithton. \n\nThe town of Columbia is located upon a fine site, and in a neighborhood of the best \nlands in the State, which is improving with great rapidity by respectable and wealthy \n\xe2\x80\xa2citizens, and offers every inducement to mechanics of every kind to settle immediately, \nas it is expected the county buildings will be contracted for in a few months. \n\xe2\x96\xa0\' The proprietors of this company are notified that a meeting, by themselves or their \nlegally empowered attorney in fact, is requested on the first Monday in August next, \nat Columbia, on business of the utmost importance. \n\nBy order of the Trustees. \n\nMay 21, 1821. \n\n" The abundance of water and its central location, and public senti- \nment, fixed Columbia as the most feasible point for the seat of justice for \nthe ne-^ county. Accordingly a donation of fifty acres of land, two \npublic squares, $2,000 in money, and two Avells of water, from the \ntrustees of the town, was accepted by the Commissioners appointed \nby the Legislature to locate the county seat, who, on August 6, 1821, \nsubmitted the following report to the Circuit Court, then in session in \nSmithton, which was adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWe, the undersigned, Lawrence Bass, John Gray, David Jackson, Absalom Hicks, \nand Jefferson Fulcher, Commissioners, appointed by an act of the Legislature of \nMissouri erecting the said County of Boone to fix upon and locate the permanent seat \nof justice in said county, did, on the third, fourth, fifth and sixth days of April, in the \nyear eighteen hundred and twenty-one, proceed to the discharge of the duties required \nof us by the said act, and have fixed upon as the permanent seat of justice of said \ncounty, the southeast quarter of section twelve, in range thirteen and township fort}\'- \neight, which was owned by Thos. Duley, Gerard Eobinson, Taylor Berry, Richard \nGentry and David Todd, trustees and proprietors for certain individuals, whose names \nare particularly described in a deed of trust, of record in the oflice of Howard County, \nby Anderson Woods and others, and have accepted of a majority of the said trustees \ntheir propositions of a donation of fifty acres of land and two public squares of \nground, whereon to erect suitable and necessary buildings for county and town pur- \nposes; also, a farther donation to the County Court of ten acres of land for the \nerection of bridges over the Moniteau, Roche Perce, Hinkson and Cedar Creeks, on the \ndirect route from Franklin to St. Charles, through the county seat; also, ten acres \nconditional if the State University be established therein, and have also received their \npropositions for a donation of two thousand dollars in cash notes, and the procuring \nof two wells of never failing- water; and we shall proceed forthwith to cause town \n11 \n\n\n\n162 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlots to be laid out, and the necessarj\' conveyances for said land, and shall receive the- \nsaid donation of cash notes upon individuals, all of vphich we will in a further report \nof our proceedings refer to and explain. \n\nLawrence Bass, [Seal.] \n\nDavid Jackson, [Seal.] \n\nJohn Gray, [Seal.] \n\nAbsalom Hicks, [Seal.] \n\nJefferson Fulcher. [Seal.] \nSmithton, Boone Countj, Mo., April 7, 1821. \n\n" Smithton never contained over twenty inhabitants, and its houses, \nwith the exception of the double hewed one before referred to as be- \nlonging to Gen. Gentry, were log cabins of the rudest structure and \nof only the poorest conveniences. They were all hauled to Colnmbiii \nwhen the seat of justice was removed. Not a vestige of them remains. \nColumbia was laid out early in the spring of 1821. The surveyor was \nPeter Wright, a man who deserves not only the honor but the grat- \nitude of our people for the systematic and elaborate manner in which \nhe did his work, and especially for the judgment and taste he displayed \nin the construction of Broadway, even now admitted to be the most \nbeautiful street in Missouri. He was assisted by Charles Burns, Peter \nKearny and Butters worth. \n\n"The first sale of lots in Columbia occurred on Monday, May 28,. \n1821. The publication of the County Commissioners, giving notice \nof the sale, appeared in the Intelligencer of April 14, 1821, as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCOLUMBIA. \n\nThe commissioners of Boon County have located the permanent seat of justice in \nsaid county, near the centre, upon the lands adjoining Smithton, and have laid off the \nabove town. This town site is located in a neighborhood of first rate lands, and inter- \nsected by the most public roads in the State leading to St. Louis, and from the Upper \nMissouri to the expected seat of Government, and in every respect is calculated to \nmeet the expectation of the public and its friends. \n\nThe commissioners propose to sell lots therein on the third Mqnday in May, being \nCounty Court day; and on the first Monday in August, being Circuit Court day, at the \ntown of Smithton, and will adjourn to the town site, on which days they expect the \nsales will be entirely closed. \n\nL. BASS, \nJOHN GRAY, \nDAVID JACKSON, \nABSALOM HICKS, \nJEFFEESON FULCHER. \nApril 14,1821. \n\nFIRST HOUSES, ETC., IN COLUMBIA. \n\n" The first house in Columbia was a log cabin, built by Thomas Duly, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 163 \n\nill 1820. It stood on the southeast corner of Broadway and Fifth \nStreet. It was afterwards weather-boarded and enlarged. \n\n" The first store-house was built by A. J. Williams, on the southwest \ncorner of Broadway and Fifth Street, afterwards the residence of Dr, \nWilliam Pro vines, and now the residence of Alfred Brown, a colored \nman. " \' \n\n" The first hotel was kept by Gen. Gentry, on Broadway, in 1821. \n\n" The first brick house was built by Charles Hardin, in 1821. The \nfirst business establishment was a grocery, kept by Peter Kearny, on \nthe northeast corner of Fifth Street and Broadway. The first court \nin Columbia was held in a log cabin, about fifty yards east of the \npresent jail, where it met for a year, when it was removed to a work- \nshop belonging to Judge John Vanhorn, situated on the ground where \nUiow stands the residence of Rev. Isaac Jones. (The large two-story \nbrick stores of Conley, Searcy & Co. now occupy the lot.) There it \nremained until the completion of the old court-house, in 1824. The \nfirst jail stood a few yards northwest of the present court-house, and \nthe keeper was John M. Kelly. \n\n" In 1821 Columbia did not attain a greater growth than fifteen or \ntwenty houses, all of which were mud-daubed log buildings of the \nsmaller size, and but one-story high. They were situated in a \n"clearing" in the midst of stumps and brush, while all around \nstretched a dense and trackless wilderness. \n\n"Although the County Commissioners reported the removal of the \nseat of justice to Columbia in the spring of 1821, the actual transfer \ncould not be made without the ratification of the Legislature, which \ndid not assemble until the fall of that year. Courts were therefore \nheld at Smithton until November 15th, when the Legislature made the \ntransfer. \n\nrillST CIRCUIT COURT AT COLUMBIA. \n\n"Accordingly the first court was held at Columbia, on December 7thy \n1821. The following is the grand jury that was on that day empan- \nnelled : \n\n" Mason Moss, Foreman ; Jesse Perkins, James Barns, Alfred Head, \nRichard Fulkersou, John Harrison, J. C. McKay, William T. Hatton, \nAndrew Hendricks, George Crump, Charles Hughes, William Barns\xc2\xbb \nJohn Yates, John McKenzie, Joseph W. Hickam, Jesse B. Dale, Michael \nWoods, Thomas Williams, Caleb Fenton, John G. Philips, Zachariah \nJackson. \n\n\n\n164 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n"Also the following petit jury: John Witt, Pattisou Y. Russell, \nWilliam Russell, Kemp M. Goodloe, John T. Evans, Nathan Glas- \ngow, John Ogan, John Graves, James Turley, Jesse Lewis, John Ken- \nnon, and James Denny. This court held two days. \n\nFIRST COUNTY COURT AT COLUMBIA. \n\n" The first County Court met in Columbia on February 18th, 1822. \nFour regular sessions of this court were held in Smithton during 1821, \n\xe2\x96\xa0during which the county was laid off into judicial townships, and Con- \nstables were appointed for each, as follows : \n\n"Columbia Township \xe2\x80\x94 Nicholas S. Kavanaugh ; Cedar Town- \nship \xe2\x80\x94 Thomas S. Tuttle ; Missouri Township \xe2\x80\x94 Ichabod C. Hensley ; \nRockyfork Township ^ Amos Marney ; Perche Township \xe2\x80\x94 Samuel \nBeattie. \n\n"The first Justices of the Peace were appointed in 1821 by Gov- \nernor McNair, as follows : \n\n" Cjolumbia Township \xe2\x80\x94 Richard Cave; Cedar Township \xe2\x80\x94 James \nCunningham; Missouri Township \xe2\x80\x94 John Gray; Rockyfork Town- \nship \xe2\x80\x94 James R. Abernathy ; ^ Perche Township \xe2\x80\x94 John Henderson.^ \n\n"Bourbon Township had not then been made. \n\n" The law requiring the appointments of District Assessors was then \nin force, and the following were the first appointed (1822) : \n\n"Columbia Township \xe2\x80\x94 Minor Neal ; Cedar \xe2\x80\x94 Lawrence Bass; \nMissouri \xe2\x80\x94 Jesse B. Dale ; Rockyfork \xe2\x80\x94 William L. Wayne ; Perche \xe2\x80\x94 \nMichael Woods ; Assessor for county \xe2\x80\x94 Ichabod C. Hensle3^ \n\n" Overton Harris was the first Sheriff of Boone County, having been \' \nappointed by the Governor. He held the position until the first \nelection for State and county officers, on August 5th, 1822, when \nJames Barnes was elected Sheriff, and Mr. Harris received the \nappointment of Assessor. The late Hiram Philips was appointed first \nCoroner of Boone in 1821, \n\n[His son, Judge Richard Philips, of Audrain County, has furnished \nus his original commission issued July 20th, 1821, by Governor Alex- \nander McNair, and it strongly contrasts with the beautifully printed \nand highly embellished commissions of the present day. It is all in the \nbold elegant penmanship of Wm. G. Pettus, then Secretary of State, \n\n\n\n1 Mr. Aberiiathy was afterwards a lawyer, prosecutiug attorney, and editor of the \nMercury in Paris, Mo., where he now lives at an advanced age. \n\nOld settlers state that Mr. Henderson lived in Missouri Township at the time. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 165 \n\n* \n\nand the State then having no seal one is made with a wafer over which \nis a star-shaped piece of white paper cut with a pair of scissors. The \ncommission is as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 W. F. Switzler.] \n\nAlexander McNair, Governor op thf State of Missouri, \n\nTO ALL WHO SHALL SEE THESE PRESENTS. Ch\'eeting : \n\nKnow ye that reposing special trust and confidence in the integrity and abilities of \nHiram Philips of the County of Boone I do hira appoint Coroner of the said County \nof Boone in the State of Missouri and do authorize and empower him to discharge the \nduties of said Office according to law. To Have and to Hold the said Office with all \nthe rights, powers, privileges and emoluments unto the same appertaining unto him \nthe said Hiram Philips until the next general election and until his successor be duly \nqualified unless sooner removed according to law. \n\nIn Testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my private seal (there being no seal of \nState yet provided). Given under my hand at St. Charles this 20th day of \n[L.S.] July A. D. One thousand eight hundred and tweutv one and of the Inde- \npendence of the United States the forty-sixtj. \nBy the Governor. \n\n\n\nWilliam G. Pettus, Secretary of State. \n\n\n\nHiRiAM Philips, Commission Coroner. \n\nFiled August 7th, 1821. \n\n\n\nA. McNAIR. \n\n\n\nR. N. TODD, Clk. \n\n\n\nState OF Missouri,-. r.- \xe2\x80\xa2<- <^ * a ^ n. -.oni \n\n_ \xe2\x80\x9e Vss. Circuit Court August Term 1821. \n\nCounty of Boone. J \n\nThis day personally appeared in open Court the within named Hiram Philips, Esquire, \n\nand took the oath to support the Constitution of the United States and of this State \n\nand faithfully, diligently and impartially to discharge the duties of Coroner for the \n\nCounty of Boone to the best of his skill and abilities. Given under ray hand this 7th \n\nday of August 1821 with my private seal, there being no seal of State 3\'et provided. \n\n[L.S.] ROGER N. TODD, Clk. \n\nState of Missouri. Boone Circuit to wit : \n\nThis commission of Hiram Philips Coroner was produced before me clerk of said \nCourrand having been qualified in open Court the same with certificate of qualifica- \ntions is admitted to record in my office and is duly recorded in Book A page 39 this 7th \nday of August 1821. Given under my hand with my private seal there being no seal of \noffice yet provided. \n\n[L.S.] ROGER N. TODD, Clerk. \n\n" One among the first acts of the Court of July, 1821, was to fix \nthe county tax, at five per cent of the State Tax, \n\n" This was the rule in Boone county until 1830. \n\n" The first license to keep tavern was granted to Wilford Stephens, \nof Columbia, on August 20, 1821. The first license to retail mer- \nchandise was granted to Peter Bass on June 1, 1821, and the next \nto Oliver Parker, on June 9, 1821. \n\n\n\n166 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\xc2\xbb \n\n" 111 1821, the first year of its existence, the size and wealtli of Col- \numbia were very diminutive. Tlie town consisted of a few cabins on \n*\'Flat Branch," while none but Gentry\'s Hotel stood as far east as \nCourt House Street. In 1822 a spirited rivalry sprang up between \nGeneral Gentry and Dr. Wm. Jewell, as to whether the central part \nof the town should be where it now is or at the intersection of Broad- \nway and Fifth Street. Gentry, however, triumphed and during the \nnext year, 1822, several houses were built on what is now Eighth \nor Court House Street. The primary design of the founders of Colum- \nbia was that the ground on which now stands the court-house, Baptist \nChurch, and jail should be a public square, and the survey was so made. \n\n" III 1822, dry goods stores were kept in Columbia by Peter Bass, \nAbraham J. Williams, and Robert Snell ; groceries by Thomas Duly \nand John Graham, and taverns by Richard Gentry, Wilford Stephens, \nand Sam\'l Wall. Other inhabitants were David Jackson, William \nDavis, Kemp M. Goodloe, Roger N. Todd, Abel Foley, Charles Har- \ndin, and Dr. Daniel P. Wilcox. \n\n" The post-oJEfice was established in Columbia in 1821, with Charles \nHardin, father of the present (1876) governor of Missouri, Charles \nH. Hardin, as postmaster. \n\n[Charles Hardin was a tanner, and lived and kept the post-office, on \nFlat Branch, in the southwestern part of town, and on the same lot \non which his old brick residence, the first brick house erected in Col- \numbia, 3^et stands. His tan-yard was in the valley of the branch, \nnear his residence. Mr. Hardin married a sister of the late Dr. Wm. \nJewell, and died in Columbia, on August 20, 1830. \xe2\x80\x94 W. F. S.] \n\n" The first jail was built by George Sexton, in 1822, and was kept \nby John M. Kelly, who died in Columbia, January 24, 1874. Three \nof his daughters, who are estimable Christian ladies. Misses, Mary \nJane, Roxanna and Catherine Kelly, survive him, and are still resi- \ndents of the town, living in a frame house opposite the Christian \nChurch. \n\nFIRST SHERIFF OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n" Overton Harris, father of Hon. John W. Harris, Judge James and \nMr. William A. Harris, was the first sherifl* of Boone County. He was \nappointed by the County Court, in May, 1821, and commissioned by \nthe Governor the July following. He gave a bond of |5,000 to the \noourt, with Tyre Harris, Nicholas S. Kavanaugh and Samuel Beattie, \nas securities, and in July gave one of $1,000 to the Governor, with \nMichael and Anderson Woods, securities. He held the position till \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 167 \n\nthe first election for State and county officers, on August 5th, 1822, \nwhen James Barnes,^ still a resident of the county, was elected \nsheriff, and Mr. Harris received the appointment of assessor." \n\nFIRST DEED, MORTGAGE, ETC. \n\nThe first deed of record in the county was dated Dec. 12, 1820, from \nTaylor Berry and wife to John Walkup, for 160 acres of land, for \n$950, and is as follows : \n\nFIRST DEED. \n\nTo all to whom these presents shall come, Greeting: \n\nKnow ye, that I, Taylor Berry and Fanny W. Berry, my wife, of the county of \nHoward and State of Missouri, for and in consideration of the sum of $950, to me in \nhand paid by John Walkup, of the county aforesaid, the receipt whereof I do hereby \nacknowledge, have granted, bargained, sold, transferred and assigned, and do by these \npresents grant, bargain, sell, transfer and assign to the said John Walkup, his heirs or \n-assigns forever, a certain tract or parcel of land, containing one hundred and sixty \nacres, be the same more or less, lying and being in the said county of Howard, or more \nproperly now Boon County, it being the southwest quarter of section No. ten, town- \nship forty-nine, north, and range No. fourteen, west of the 5th principal meridian line, \nit being the same quarter which was improved by Michael Woods, which said quarter \n\xe2\x80\xa2section is a part of a location made by me by virtue of a New Madrid claim, in the \nname of Francis Hndson, Senr., \xe2\x80\x94 To have and to hold to him the said John Walkup, \nJiis heirs or assigns forever, free froiii the claim or claims of all persons whatsoever. \n\nIn testimony whereof, etc. \nDec. 12, 1820. \n\nTAYLOR BERRY. \nFANNY BERRY. \n\'Witnesses: Wm. Grubbs, Wm. Carson. \n\nAcknowledged before Gray Byuum, Clerk C. C, Howard Co. \n\n" The first mortgage was given on February 18th, 1821, by Benjamin \nF. White, to Robert Dale, and secured a debt of $67.26V4, The \nproperty mortgaged was " a tract of land, known as the southeast \nquarter of the second section, in township forty-eight, range four- \nteen, with all the appurtenances thereto belonging and appertaining, \nand one sorrel horse, one bay mare, one red yearling heifer, and \ntwo sows and pigs." \n\n"The first letters of administration were granted on May 21st, \n1821, to James Turley, on the estate of Daniel Turley, deceased, \nNatlianiel Fagan and John McKinzie beino- securities in a bond of \n$2,500. The deed from the trustees of the " Smithton Company" \ndonating ground to the county commissioners as the seat of justice, \nwas recorded on April 28th, 1821." \n\n\n\n1 Mr. Barnes died at his residence, in Randolph County, Mo., , 187- \n\n\n\n168 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nEARLY MARRIAGES. \n\n1. This is to certify that Isaac Black and Sarah Maupin was married by the under- \nsigned on the 14th day of July 1820 given under my hand and seal this tenth day of \nAugust, 1820. . TYRE MARTIN, J. P. \n\nRecorded June 20, 1821. \n\n2. December 21, 1820. Married by me Robert Dale, a baptist minister of the gospel,, \nin Boone county. State of Missouri, Robt. D. Walkup and Anna W. Cochran. \n\nROBERT DALE. \nRecorded May 22, 1821. \n\n3. Daniel Lewis and Mary Pain [Payne] Feb. 18, 1821. By Tyre Martin, J. P. \n\n4. Thomas Kenuan and Mary Cave, March 10, 1821. Tyre Martin, J. P. \n\n5. James Renn and Rebecca Whitley, March 18, 1821. John Henderson, J. P. \n\n6. John Gray and Nancy Ross, March 22, 1821. John Henderson, J. P. \n\n7. Joseph Glenn and Sally Graham, Apr. 5, 1821. John Henderson, J. P. \n\n8. John Anderson and Lovee Fenton, ("both of the county of Boone") Apr. 28,. \n1821. Absalom Hicks, J. P. \n\nBOONE COUNTY FINANCES IN 1821. \n\nIt will be seen by the following tabular statements, made and pub- \nlished Nov. 13, 1821, by Overton Harris, collector, that the finances \nof Boone county the year after its organization were exceedingly \nsmall ; the reading of which, in contrast with the present financial \ncondition of the county, will be very interesting : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nMONEYS \n\nWhich have been received, and which ought to have been received for Licenses in \n\nBoone County, since the 15th day of May, 1821. \n\nI cts \n\nPeter Bass, (Merchandise) 15 00\' \n\nOliver Parker, do ... - 1500 \n\nRobert Snell, do 15 oa \n\nRichard Gentry, (Wines and Spirituous Liquors) . . , . . . 20 00 \n\nThos. Donley, do do do do 6 00 \n\nJohn Grayum, do do do do Q OO \n\nTotal $77 00 \n\nOverton Harris, \nCollector Boone County. \nNov. 13th, 1821. \n\nDELINQUENT TAXES OF 1821. \n\nThe following advertisement made by Overton Harris, collector, \nsame day and date as above, exhibits the names of certain tax payers^ \n"who have absconded, or, become insolvent subsequently to the date \nof their assessment and prior to the date when the tax ought to have \nbeen collected and the amount of taxes due by them respectively." \n\nNone of the amounts reach the sum of $10, a large majority of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n169^ \n\n\n\nthem are under $1, and one of them, the taxes of Louis (Lewis) \nTeters, both State and county, only twelve cents. It will be seen that \nthe taxes are stated with scrupulous exactness, even to a cent and \nfractions of a cent, and that it is, for this and other reasons, a very \nrare and racy official paper : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nOf all such persons from whom taxes are due for State and county purposes in Boone \ncounty, for the year 1821, and who have absconded, or become insolvent, subsequent \nto the date of their assessment and prior to the date when the tax ought, according to \nthe provisions of the statute in this case made, to have been collected, and the amount- \nof taxes due by them respectively, to-wit: \n\n\n\nDelinquents\' Names. \n\n\n\nAmount of Taxes \n\n\n\nState. County. \n\n\n\nBenjamin Burdyne \nElam Boles . \nJames Beatty, (dead) . \nObadiah Babbett . \nAdam S. Barnett . \nBettj\' Burdine \nHiram Bryant \nJohn Christian \nDaniel Crump \nAbner Davis . \nAnthony J. Davis \nThomas Ellison . \nJohn Finney \nBartley Gentry, (dead) \nThomas Gray \nJonathan Gray \nGeorge Hornts \nHeni-y James \nFrancis Lipscomb \nJohn McCarty \nArchibald McNeal \nWalter McKay \nWilliam Nolin \nSamuel Nutting . \nJohn Peden . \nWilliam Piper \nJesse Samuels \nJohn Thompson . \nLewis Teters \nWilliam D. Young \nCharles Vanauster \nJohn Blackburn, (dead) \nJohn Dillin . \nWillis A. Ethel . \nWilliam Orear \nWilliam Timberlake \n\n\n\n^1 00 \n1 00 \n\n1 57i- \n\n2 08i \n1 02^ \n1 12 \n\n67 \n\n12 \n\n22 \n\n15 \n\n00 \n\n00 \n\n00 \n\n65 \n\n45 \n\n40 \n\n00 \n\n71 \n\n20 \n\n00 \n\n00 \n\n15 \n\n62 \n\n00 \n\n06 \n\n00 \n\n021 \n\n60 \n\n08 \n\n27 \n\n00 \n\n70 \n\n15 \n\n11 \n\n13 \n\n05 \n\n\n\np 50 \n50 \n78^ \n\n1 04 \n511 \n561 \n33 \n\nH \n\n57 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n4 47 \n22 \n20 \n50 \n351 \n60 \n50 \n50 \n57 \n\nH \n50 \n53 \n50 \n1 51 \n80 \n\n4 \n63 \n50\' \n31 \n\n7 \n\n5 \n59 \n52 \n\n\n\nNov. 13, 1821. \n\n\n\nOverton Harris, \nCollector Boone County. \n\n\n\n170 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe entire amount of the delinquent taxes thus blazoned in the \nFranklin Intelligencer amounts only to $64.26V4, :ind the merchants\' \nlicense for six months to $45.00, and the saloon license for the same \nperiod to $32.00. \n\nTHE GRASSHOPPER PEST. \n\nNo doul)t the younger readers of this History, although they may \nrecall the myriads of grasshoppers which, a few years ago, desolated \nthe farms and forests and the prairies and fields of Kansas and \nNebraska, as well as portions of our own State, do not know that the \npioneers of the commonwealth, and during the very year of its admit- \ntance into the Federal Union, made the acquaintance of this destruc- \ntive scourofe. But the followinsf extract of a letter from Fort Osage, \nJune 15, 1821, to the St. Louis Register, will show that grasshoppers \nin countless numbers visited Missouri then, as they have several times \nsince, " literally eating up the whole country." \n\n[Extract from the Letter.] \n\n\'< Immense swarms of grasshoppers are overrunning this whole country, and lit- \nterally eating it up. Our gardens are nearly all destroyed, and we have no reason to \nhope that anything will be saved of them without some Providential interference. I \ncan see no escape from all the distressing consequences of a general and utter failure \nof our grain crops. This plague seems to be evidently progressing south-eastwardly, \nso that you may count upon a similar visitation next fall. Those who can secure two \nyears\' supply of grain from the present crops, ought to do so by all means. You had \nbetter prepare for the coming evil \xe2\x80\x94 practice economy in feeding away corn, &c. Save \nplenty of forage in order to save grain." \n\nAn. article by E. W. Stephens, in the Missouri Statesman, of October \nS, 1869, says: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n"After the permanent establishment of the seat of justice, the \ninstallment of the county officers, and the assumption of all the \nprivileges and functions of a distinct county, Boone grew amazingly \nin wealth and population, and scarcely a year had elapsed before she \nwas recognized as one of the first counties of Missouri \xe2\x80\x94 a position \nshe has never since ceased to sustain. The emigration was largest \nduring the year 1822. A writer of that period asserts that \'the \nsettlers of those twelve months were more numerous and possessed of \nmore wealth than those of all upper Missouri besides.\' " \n\nFIRST HORSE AND WATER MILLS. \n\n" Before 1820 there was but one srist mill within the limits of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 171 \n\nBoone county. It belonged to John Copeland, :ind stood near Moni- \nteau creek, several miles north of Eocheport. During 1821 another \none was built by Durrett Hubbard, about eight miles southeast of \n\xe2\x96\xa0Columbia, near the present residence of Judge James Harris. In \n1822 the first carding machine was built near the present southern \nsuburbs of Columbia by David Jackson, by whom it was run for sev- \neral years. During 1822 the great influx of emigrants occasioned the \nconstruction of a Considerable number of factories and mills, and by \nFebruary 4, 1823, there were in the county three manufacturing water \n.mills, ten horse mills and three water saw mills." \n\nPOPULATION WEALTH ENTERPRISE. \n\n" The rapid increase of the county had, by 1824, become such as to \n-awaken enterprise and start the pulses of trade in every avenue of \nlabor. The forests began to ring with the axe of the woodsman, and \nthe wilderness fast became the scene of active industry and enlight- \nened culture. The fertile soil was made to yield an abundant increase, \nwhich found a ready demand and sold at exorbitant prices to the new \ncomers. These inhabitants were active, energetic and progressive, \nand with resoluteness applied themselves to the development and \ncivilization of the countiy. Log cabins were supplanted by neat \nframe dwellings, and over the hovels of poverty rose mansions of com- \nfort and plenty. The haunts of barbarism became the abodes of \nlearning, and the mists of ignorance vanished before the light of intel- \nligence. In three years Columbia had grown from a few wretched \nhuts to an emporium of refinement, enterprise and trade. Scholars, \nlawyers, divines, capitalists, and men of every rank and condition in \ntheir pilgrimage to a Western home, attracted by the richness and \nbeauty of the country, cast their fortunes with the frontier village and \napplied their tastes and energies to its adornment and progress. \nColumbia was now confirmed beyond cavil as the established county \nseat, and the large population, as well as the business before the \n-courts, made it necessary that there should be a temple of justice." \n\n"THE HULL OF A COURT-HOUSE." \n\nThe first court house erected in Boone county for the accommoda- \ntion of the Circuit and County Courts was called in the advertisement \nof the Commissioners " the hull of a court-house," and those who \niiided in the administration of justice within its walls, either as judges, \n\n\n\n172 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\njurors or other officers, or who, as citizens or spectators, listened with- \nrapture to the forensic eloquence of our early lawyers, will agree that \nit was a "hull" in fact as well as in name. \n\nIt was a brick structure erected by Minor Neal, and stood until sup- \nplanted in 1848 by the present court-house, where the Baptist Church \nnow stands. The following, copied from the Intelligencer of May \n1st, 1824, is the advertisement of the Commissioners for bids to \nerect the hull : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nPUBLIC NOTICE. \n\n\n\nTHE Commissioners of Boon County will, ou the first clay of the next term of the \nCircuit Court of said county, at the town of Columbia, on the \n\nSecond Monday in June next., \n\nLET \n\nTO THE LOWEST BIDDEB, \n\nThe BUILDING of the \n\nHULL of a \n\nCOURT HOUSE, \n\nForty feet square, and two stories high, to be covered with good shingles. \nPayment \xe2\x80\x94 part cash, and the balance cash notes. \nThey will also sell, at the same time and place, about \n\n40 LOTS \n\nin said town, at six and twelve months\' credit. \n\nParticulars made known on the day of the letting of the house and sale of lots. \n\nJohn Gray, \nLawrence Bass, \nJefferson Fulcher, \nAbsalom Hicks, \nDavid Jackson, \nCommissioners of Boon County .- \nMay 1, 1824. 38-7w \n\n"The building was afterwards let to Judge John Vanhorn, then \na resident of Boone, and Isaiah Parks, and built by them during the \nyear 1824. It stood just west of the present court-house, where is \nnow the Baptist Church. It was a brick building of hip roof, two \nstories high, with a court room on the ground floor, and grand and \npetit jury rooms above stairs, the building being fifty feet long by \nforty wide. Courts were held there until the completion of the pres- \nent court-house in 1848. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 173 \n\nIn February, 1823, the population of Columbia was 130. See \nIntelligencer of Feb. 4, 1823. \n\n1824 1881 A FINANCIAL CONTRAST. \n\nNothing, perhaps, will so clearly or in so interesting a manner dis- \nclose the progress made in the county as a comparison of its receipts \nand expenxlitures in 1824 with its receipts and expenditures in 1881, \nnearly sixty years afterwards \xe2\x80\x94 the receipts during the first year being \nonly $855.75, and the last year $121,794.22 ; expenditures in 1824 only \n$743, or $112.75 less than the receipts, while in 1881 the receipts were \n$121,794.22, and the expenditures $53,381.01. \n\nThe following tabular statements \xe2\x80\x94 the first from the Franklin \nIntelligencer of January 1, 1825, and the last from the records of our \nCounty Court \xe2\x80\x94 will exhibit these facts in interesting and suggestive \ncontrast : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nRECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES FOR 1824.. \n[From the Franklin Intelligencer, January 1, 1825.] \n\nA STATEMENT \n\nOf the Eeceipts and Expenditures of Boone County during the Year 1824. \n\nRECEIPTS \n\nOf the Collector, it being the net amount of the county levy for the said year, the \n\nsum of 1734 71 \n\nOf Constables, on fines assessed bj\'^ Justices of the Peace 31 67 \n\nOf the Sheriff, on fines assessed by the Circuit Court 89 36 \n\nTotal receipts $855 75 \n\nEXPENDITURES. \n\nTo William Lientz, as a Justice of the County Court 28 00 \n\n" Lawrence Bass, as a Justice of the Countj^ Court 32 00 \n\n\'* Silas I^iggs, as a Justice of the County Court 26 00 \n\n" James Barns, Sheriff 169 54 \n\n" Harrison Jamison, Deputy Sheriff.. 26 00 \n\n" Koger N". Todd, Clerk of the Circuit Court 72 49 \n\n" John T. Foster, for furnishing a seal press, three chairs for the Court, and for \n\nother services 13 68 \n\n" Eichard Gentry, for furnishing a room for the Circuit Court at February term... 2 00 \n\n" Gabriel Davis, for services rendered the county 2 00 \n\n" Hiram Wilburn, for services rendered the county 3 00 \n\n" Joshua Gill um, for services rendered the \'county 4 00 \n\n" Samuel Wickersham, for services rendered the county 1 41 \n\n-" Hugh Silvers, for services rendered the county 3 00 \n\n\n\n174 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nTo Richard JKiggs, for services rendered the county- 6 60" \n\n" Warren Woodson, Clerlv of the County Court, for furnishing stationery for his \noffice, making out county tax-lists, performing the duties of County Treasurer \n\nfor said year, and for other services rendered the county 89 14 \n\n" Appropriation made said Woodson for furnishing record books, seal of office, \n\nseal for branding measures, and half-bushel measure 71 75 \n\n" Tyre Harris, Esq., for services rendered the county 2 00 \n\n" Adam C. Rayburn, keeper of stray pound, and for services rendered the county... 6 50 \n\n" Samuel Jamison, for the rent of a house to hold courts in 38 00 \n\n" David Jackson, as County Commissioner 10 00 \n\n" Jefferson Fulcher, as County Commissioner 10 00 \n\n" John Gray, as Countj\' Commissioner , 10 00 \n\n" Robert Hinkson, for services as overseer of road in 1822 2 00 \n\n" Bazzel Brown, for bearing poll-book to Columbia 1 40 \n\n" Roger N. Todd, for acting as clerk to a sale of lots in the town of Columbia 11 00 \n\n" Johiel Parks, for acting as clerk to a sale of lots in the town of Columbia 8 00 \n\n" John Henderson, Esq., for services rendei-ed the county 2 50 \n\n" Peter Kerney, Constable, for services rendered the county 11 50 \n\n" Adam C. Rayburn, for services rendered the county , 8 75 \n\n" Harrison Jamison, for services rendered the county , 10 87 \n\n" Sampson Wright, collector for certain advertisements , 4 00 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 " Appropriations made to Wm. Lientz for furnishing one-gallon, half-gallon, \n\nquart, pint, and half-pint standard measures 10 00 \n\n" Henry Cave, Sr., as commissioner to view a road in 1822 5 00 \n\n" R. N. Todd, for making repairs to a house for the use of the courts 26 75 \n\n" Moses Batterton, his semi-annual allowance for keeping Alfred Batterton, a per- \nson of unsound mind 10 00 \n\nTotal amount of expenditures $743 00 \n\n\n\nState of Missouri \nCounty of Boone \n\n\n\n, Set. / \n\n\n\nAs Clerk of the County Court in and for said county, I certify that the above and forego- \ning statement contains a correct account of the receipts and expenditures of said county dur- \ning the year 1824. \n\nGriven under my hand, with the seal of said Court affixed, at Columbia, this 16th day of \nDecember, 1824. \n\n[L. S.] WARREN WOODSON, Clerk. \n\nRECEIPTS AXD EXPENDITURES FOR 1881. \nRECEIPTS. \n\nCounty revenue $26,243 93 \n\nCounty interest 25,543 90 \n\nValid Indebtedness 12,032 81 \n\nState tax . . . . . . . 26,825 47 \n\nPublic School tax \' . . . . 28,228 84 \n\nRailroad tax \xe2\x80\x94 Rocky Fork Township 1,575 7\'5 \n\nRailroad tax \xe2\x80\x94 Perche Tovs\'uship 1,343 52 \n\n\n\nTotal receipts $121,794 22, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n175 \n\n\n\nEXPENDITURES. \n\nBonds redeemed ............ $7,00000 \n\nInterest on bonds redeemed 106 20 \n\nCoupons on bonds redeemed 21,893 00 \n\nJudges\' salary ............ 365 60 \n\nCounty Clerk\'s salary 2,396 21 \n\nSheriff\'s fees 227 84 \n\nProsecuting Attorney\'s salary 750 00 \n\nCircuit Clerk and criminal costs 1,405 34 \n\nTreasurer 650 00 \n\n-Assessor 688 80 \n\nSurveyor 276 50 \n\nSchool Commissioner 41 75 \n\nRoad Overseers 1,400 25 \n\nCounty Physician 146 00 \n\nCounty Poor-house expense 8,485 09 \n\nPauper support and coffins \xe2\x96\xa0 389 72 \n\nBridge expense 6,806 92 \n\nState Lunatic Asylum expense . 1,389 18 \n\nStationery and books 732 70 \n\nPublic printing 276 60 \n\nRepairs and furniture public buildings . . . . . . , 521 52 \n\nFuel public buildings 171 CO \n\nInquest fees 139 05 \n\nJail expense 903 17 \n\nRepairs public roads 100 00 \n\nInsurance public buildings 26 65 \n\nRebate on taxes 48 91 \n\nMiscellaneous . . \xe2\x80\xa2 43 05 \n\nTotal $52,381 01 \n\nTHE TOWN OF "PERSIA."^ \n\n" Columbia did not secure tlie seat of justice of Boone County wholly \nwithout effort. There was at least one other point that contested her \nclaims stoutly and with strong prospects of success. This was near \nthe intersection of the old " Boonslick Trace," or St. Charles Koad, \n\nand Perche Creek, and close by the farm now owned by \n\nA town was there laid out in 1820, and called " Persia." Who chose \nthe locality or promulgated the idea of proposing it for the county \nseat, is unknown. Some of the persons who lived in and near this \ntown, were Moses Batterton, Jonathan Barton (cousin of Hon. David \nBarton), William Callaham, James Davis, Reuben and Eppa Elliott, \nIsaac Freeman, Benjamin Ferguson, James Fenton, William Goslin, \nNicholas Gentry, Tyre Harris, Joseph M. Little, James and John \nPayne, William and Barnett Rowland, William Ryan, Peter Stivers,. \n\n1 Properly spelled Perche. \n\n\n\n176 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\xc2\xab \n\nJohn Skinner, George and Isham Sexton, John Slack, Enoch Taylor, O. \nBabett, J. Teft\'t and Elisha Stanley. \n\n" In 1820 many reasons seemed to indicate that Persia would grow \nto be a thriving and populous town, but it obtained its maximum at \nfifteen or twenty houses, and after the location of the county seat at \nColumbia, gradually declined, till it sank from existence, and is now \nalmost wrapt in oblivion. \n\n" The advertisement of a sale of lots in "Persia," which we copy \nfrom the Franklin Intelligencer of April 1, 1820, will be interesting \nreading : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTHE TOWN OF \n\nPERSIA, \n\nSituated on the Rocher Perce Creek, on the main road leading from Franklin to St. \n\'Charles, about 28 miles from Franklin, and generally supposed to be in the centre of \nthe contemplated county, in a rich and fertile tract of country, rapidly populating with \nwealthy and respectable citizens. The local advantages of this place are not sur- \npassed, perhaps, by any for a town in the territory \xe2\x80\x94 there being a number of never- \nfailing springs; and the Rocher Perce contains a sufficient quantity of water to keep \nmills of any description in operation at any season of the year. Two of the proprie- \ntors will commence building a Saw and Grist Mill immediately, near the town, and a \nBridge across the Creek. There will also be erected a Brewery, Distillery, Carding \nMachine, & Fulling Mill, which will certainly aid very much in facilitating the improve- \nment of the town, as purchasers will be able to obtain materials for building cheaper \nthan they can obtain them at any other place in the territory. The subscribers hope \nthis will be an inducement to purchase and improve their lots at once. \n\nThe proprietors of this towu do not wish to exhibit it on paper, for purposes of \nspeculation, as is too frequently the case, but wish purchasers to improve their lots \nand realize their value. \n\n50 LOTS \n\nwill be given to Merchants, Mechanics, and persons wishing to improve in the above \ntown, on stipulated terms, viz. : A lot out of each block, or in proportion to the num- \nber of blocks in said town. On each corner lot a building, frame, brick or stone, not \nless than two stories high, and eighteen by twenty-live feet, which is to be enclosed \nby the 20th Sept. next. If of brick or stone, the body to be up by the 4th July next; \nif a frame, the frame to be erected by that time \xe2\x80\x94 and on each middle lot a comfort- \nable dwelling-house, not less than 18 feet square, of any kind of materials, to be \nfinished by the 4th of July next. \n\nThe Lots in the above town will be offered at PUBLIC SALE, on the premises, on \nthe FOURTH OF JULY next \xe2\x80\x94 and at Franklin on the 10th. \n\nTerms of payment \xe2\x80\x94 one-tenth in three months from the day of sale, and the remain- \nder at the expiration of three years. \n\ng^=\xc2\xb0 A plot of the town may be seen at the town, and at the store of Stanley and \nLudlow and the Printing Office, Franklin. \n\nO. BABBITT, \nJ. TEFFT, \nE. STANLEY, \nN. PATTEN, Jr., \nAgents for the above Town. \n\nApril 1, 1820. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 177 \n\nThe " saw and grist mill" spoken of in the above was afterwards \nbuilt and owned by Elisha Stanley. \n\nTHE TOWN OF EOCHEPORT. \n\nE. W. Stephens, Assistant Editor of the Statesman, November 19, \n1869: "The ground on which the town of Rocheport stands was \noriginally obtained under a New Madrid certificate (the n-ature of \nwhich has been heretofore explained) by David Gray. It comprised \na tract of 191.40 acres. It was afterwards sold by Gra}^ to William \nKincheloe, who had possession of it but a brief period, when it was \npurchased b}\'^ John Gray. The latter had resided upon the land prior \nto the date of purchase, and in 1821 obtained a license to run a ferry \nacross the river at that point. About the same time a warehouse was \nestablished there, which was kept by Robert Hood. The locality was \ndesignated " The mouth of the Moniteau." \n\n" On March 2, 1825, one-third of this tract Avas sold by John Gray to \nAbraham Barnes, and one-third to Lemon Parker and John Ward, for \n$2,000. These persons immediately laid out a town there. The \nsurvey of the plat was made by our aged and much esteemed fellow \ncitizen, William Shields.^ Arrangements having been perfected for a \nsale of lots, the following publication was made to that effect in the \nIntelligencer of September 2, 1825 : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTOWN OF \n\nKOCHEPOET. \n\nThis town is situated on the Missouri River, at about an equal distance from Franklin \n^and Columbia, at the mouth of the Grand Moniteau. Its site is not equalled by any \non the Missouri from its mouth to Foi\'t Osage. Its harbor is very superior, having \nnearly half-a-mile of deep still water in front of the town, occasioned by bluff of rocks \nabove, projecting into the river, which renders it perfectly secure for boats during the \nbreaking up of ice. The tract is well watered, having several large springs of fine \nsoft water. As it respects the advantages of this point for business, to those who \nhave resided any time in Boon\'s Lick country nothing need be said, its superiority \nbeing generally acknowledged; but for the information of emigrants, who feel disposed \nto settle in or near a town of some promise, it may be proper to make a few remarks. \nThe business of this section of country necessarily includes in some degree the expor- \ntation of its surplus produce ; and, as emigration ceases, and cultivation and improve- \nments are extended, it will then constitute a considerable portion of our commerce. \nFor a business of this kind, itssituation is peculiarly favorable, having in its rear the \nlargest connected body of good country in the State, and its settlements, though good \nat present, are rapidly progressing, and of a wealthy and enterprising class. Its com- \nmunication with the back country is easy and free from those difficulties which \n\n\n\n\'^ Mr. Shields died in Columbia on September 7, 1870, aged 83 years. \n12 \n\n\n\n178 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ngenerally exist with towns situated on the Missouri, viz., bad roads. In almost every \ndirection, from this point, good roads are and may be had with but little labor. The \ntraveller from St. Louis to Columbia, Boonville, Lexington, Liberty, or Fort Osage,, \nwill no doubt shortly adopt the route by Rocheport, there crossing the Missouri, by- \nwhich he will save in distance ten or twelve miles, have a much better road, and avoid \nseveral creeks and extensive bottoms, which, in a wet time, much impede his progress \non the old route. \n\nA good warehouse and ferry are already established at Rocheport, both of which are \nat present well supported. \n\nThe title to the town tract is indisputable, the proprietors being in possession of the \npatent from the United States. \n\nLOTS \n\nwill be offered for sale on the premises, on the seventeenth dmj of November next \xe2\x80\x94 and \nas it is the desire of the proprietors rather to promote improvement than to realize \ncash from the amount of sales, no lots will be sold except subject to certain improve- \nments, to be made within eighteen months from purchase, say at least a log house \neighteen by twenty feet on each lot. To merchants or mechanics, who wish to become \nsettlers and make extensive improvements, donations of lots will be made. A bond \nwill be given to purchasers to make a warrantee, and so soon as the purchase money- \nshall be paid. \n\nSix and twelve months will be given on sales. \n\nTHE PROPRIETORS. \n\nSeptember 2, 1825. \n\n"Judge John Vanhorn was the agent for the proprietors of the \ntown in the sale of lots. The one-third part of this tract owned by \nJohn Gray after his sale of the two-thirds to Barns, Ward and Parker, \nwas sold by him to Joshua Newbrough, on September 6, 1828, for \n$700, from whom it was purchased on December 15, 1832, by William \nGaw and Lemon Parker for $1,300. \n\n" The adaptiveness of Rocheport as a shipphig point, and the rich: \ncountry surrounding it, attracted immediate notice from emigrants. \nVery soon storehouses were established by Caleb Harris, John G.. \n\nPhilips, Brewster, and others, a tavern by Thomas Hudson, and \n\nseveral private dwelling houses. Rocheport soon promised to be one- \nof the largest towns on the Missouri, and to rival, if not surpass, \nColumbia in trade and population. Indeed, it Avas only the central \nposition, capital, and indomitable energy of the latter that subsequently \nprevented it." \n\nTHE SHOOTING MATCH. \n\nOur pioneer civilization was characterized by athletic and other \nsports. Some of them were more or less rude, but all of them com- \nparatively innocent and calculated to develop the traits of character \nheld in esteem by the people. Wrestling, foot-racing, fishing, hunt- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 17^ \n\ning, ball and marble-playing, and shooting at targets may bo men- \ntioned as among the recreations of the period. \n\nSome of these have not passed away with our pioneer civilization, \nbut have come down to the more advanced conditions of refinement \nand culture which characterize our times. Others, however, have \ngone into disuse and are unknown to the younger portion of this gen- \neration. Among these is the shooting match, which was a ver}^ popu- \nlar recreation with the early settlers of the West, and very frequently \ncalled them together on Saturday afternoon as a befitting and pleasant \ntermination of the labors and business of the week. It was popularly \ncalled " shootin\xc2\xab: for beef," and is well described in the following\' \narticle from the Franklin Intelligencer, Sept. 2, 1825 : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nFor the Intelligencer.] \n\nTHE SHOOTING MATCH. \n\nAmong the sports which the Western freemen engage in during their hours of relaxa- \ntion, the shooting match holds the first place. In a republic where regular soldier* \nare held in such indifferent estimation that they abandon the hope of uniform goodi \ntreatment, it is important that every citizen prepare himself for the high destiny of \nself-defence. To establish the truth of this position, we have only to refer to the for- \ntunes of Generals Lafayette and Wilkinson \xe2\x80\x94 both officers of the Kevolution \xe2\x80\x94 the \nformer a foreigner, the latter a native citizen. Their services have been as nearly \nequal as it is possible to conceive. Each staked his all for our country. The former \nwas an adventurer, the latter a patriot. The hrst comes to our shores to receive our \nembraces and our bounty, and deservedly, too, while the last is doomed to exile \xe2\x80\x94 to \nseek an humble grave in a foreign land, after enjoying the stranger\'s donation for ai \nbrief period. I will mention no more instances of neglect, although they occur to me \nby hundreds, less I am deemed ill-natured, but solace myself witli-Wie belief that there \nwill never be found men enough in this republic to increase our army establishment, \nwho will so far disgrace themselves as to become the mercenaries of a government \nthat will look with indifference on them when age or infirmities shall have unfitted \nthem for usefulness. It is with proud satisfaction then, that we turn to the indepen- \ndent yeomen, whose pastime fits them to defend their native soil without hope of \nreward, or fear of degradation. Though Missourians inhabit a remote section of the \nUnion, they claim to hold those unerring rifles that will, when our country shall un- \nhappily need them, be truly aimed " in the front of the battle." \n\nBesides field sports in a new country where game is abundant, shooting matches on \nalmost every Saturday evening, tend to perfect our riflemen in the use of their hair- \nsplitting weapons. Many of these guns are so unpromising in appearance that one of \nthem might be mistaken for a crowbar tied to a hand-spike ; but when in the hands of \na marksman, its value is ascertained. At our shooting match for beef, a steer is divided \ninto five parts, and the hide and tallow is termed the fifth quarter. This last is the \nmost valuable, and it is for the fifth quarter that the most skilful marksmen contend. \nThe shots are generally so thickly planted about the centre of the target as to require \ngreat scrutiny in determining the conquerors \xe2\x80\x94 the "fifth quarter winner," "second \n\n\n\n180 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nchoice," etc. When this is known, great exultation is not unusual, but the winners \nsometimes betray a little vanity in bestowing encomiums on their rifles; and there are \nfew who are not polite enough to attribute their success to the excellence of their \narms. \n\nIf the gunsmith be .present, he is not a little flattered by his acknowledgment of \nhis skill. Many of the most distinguished guns acquire names of most fearful import, \nby which they are known in sporting circles, and small bets are sometimes made on \n"Black Snake," " Cross Bunter." " Hair Splitter," " Blood Letter," and "Panther \nCooler." In short, there are very few of our rifles that would not put to shame the \narrow that sent a messenger "toPliilip\'s eye." I am likewise disposed to believe \nthat if "Natty Bumpo" himself were to attend one of our shooting matches "for \nbeef," he might stake his last ninepence to no purpose. MOSS BUCKET. \n\nINDIAN TROUBLES ON THE CHARITON. \n\nIt can hardly be im^agined at this day that, as late as the summer of \n1829, eio\'ht years from the admission of the State into the Union, and \nthirteen j^ears after the organization of Howard County, serious \ntroubles occurred with hostile Indians so near the centre of civilization \nas on the Avaters of Chariton, in the county of Randolph. Never- \ntheless, it is historically true that in June, 1829 a roving band of \nlowas, Sioux and Winnebago Indians made an attack on a settlement \nin the region mentioned, killing three white citizens \xe2\x80\x94 John Myers, \nJames Winn and Powell Owensby, and wounding several others. The \nnews of these depredations set the country ablaze, and in a short time \narmed volunteers from Howard, Boone and Callaway counties, num- \nberino" in the ao:gregate more than a thousand men, concentrated at \nthe point of danger. Those from Howard County were under the \ncommand of Col. Major Horner, the father of our fellow-citizen \nJohn P. Horner. All descriptions of citizens in each of the counties \nmentioned flew to arms with alacrity, amongst others, in Howard \nCounty, Col. Benj. H. Reeves, late Lieutenant-Governor, and father \nof Mrs. Abiel Leonard ; Gen. I. P. Owens, Abiel Leonard, John B. \nClark, Samuel Moore, Sinclair Kirtley \xe2\x80\x94 the last four lawyers \xe2\x80\x94 and \nDrs. William Jewell and Alexander M. Robinson, of Columbia. About \ntwo hundred volunteers went from Boone County, under the leader- \nship of Rev. James Suggett, who had hitherto been engaged in the \nIndian wars of the country, and Capt. Overton Harris. \n\nThe company from Callaway was commanded by Capt. Allen. On \nthe arrival of these forces at the headwaters of the Chariton, Avhere \nthe engagement had occurred, it was found that some ten or twelve \nIndians had been killed ; that Myers and Owensby had been killed \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 181 \n\nand scalped, and that nothing remamed of Winn except his \nhands and feet, he having been burned by the Indians. They \nwere decently interred, and the vohmteers formed an encamp- \nment to await the arrival of other companies and instructions from \nGov. John Miller in regard to ulterior movements. To expedite the \nreceipt of these instructions Robert W. Wells, Attorney-General of \nthe State, who had accompanied the force from Fayette, was deputed \nto go to Jefferson City to see the Governor. Before his return, how- \never, Mr. Reed, of Howard County, arrived as an express from the \nGovernor with instructions that all the men, except one hundred, \nshould return to their homes. Whereupon the companies from \nBoone and Callaway reluctantly departed. These instructions were \ngiven because two hundred United States troops, on board the steamer \nCrusader, were enroute to Fi-anklin, thence to the scene of trouble. \nGen. Henry Leavenworth,^ for greater expedition, left St. Louis in \nthe stage, ari"ived at Fayette in due time, and departed at once for \nLiberty. \' \n\nThis martial array proved a regular fiasco, for no Indians were \ndiscovered, and no apprehension of further trouble being enter- \ntained, their swords were turned into pruning hooks and their \nspears into ploughshares, and the troops, regular and volunteer, \nreturned. \n\nTHE SANTA FE TRADE. \n\nFrom about 1820 to 1835 the Santa Fe trade was a o-reat interest in \nthe Boonslick country, and in its prosecution a large amount of capital \nand caravans\' of armed traders were employed. Franklin was the \ncommercial centre and starting point of this trade. Dry goods and \nnotions were transported in wagons drawn by teams of horses or \nmules to Santa Fe, and there exchanged for specie, Spanish mules, \nbuffalo robes, etc. These expeditions were attended by manv \nhardships and privations and dangers from hostile Indians. To \nbe prepared against the latter, the companies of traders were, in \nfact, companies of armed soldiers, prepared to protect the caravans. \n\n\n\n1 Gen. Leavenworth was born in New Haven, Connecticut, December 10, 1783, ant! \ndied near the False Wachita, July 21, 1834. His remains were interred, in the grave- \nyard at Delhi, N. Y., where there is a marble monument, twelve feet high, erected to \nMs memory. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, was named in honor of him. \n\n\n\n182 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMany and bloody were the encounters which they experienced, \nand some of the most enterprising and well-known citizens of this \nregion of the State lost their lives by the Indian rifle, tomahawk or \narrow. \n\nThe following article will give some idea of this trade, and cannot \nfail to interest all of our readers : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nSANTA FE. \n\n[From the Fayette Intelligencer, May 2, 1828.] \n\nThe town of Franklin, as also our own villaa;e, presents to the eye of the beholder \na busy, bustling and commercial scene, in buying, selling and packing goods, practis- \ning mules, &c., &c., all preparatory to the starting of the great spring caravan to Santa \nFe. A great number of our fellow-citizens are getting ready to start, and will be off \nin the course of a week, on a trading expedition. We have not the means of knowing \nhow many persons will start in the first company, but think it probable the number \nwill exceed 150, principally from this and the adjoining counties. They generally pur- \nchase their outfits from the merchants here at from 20 to 30 per cent, advance on the \nPhiladelphia prices, and calculate on making 40 to 100 per cent, upon their purchases. \nThey will generally return in the fall. We suppose the amount which will be taken \nfrom this part of the country this spring will not, perhaps, fall much short of $100,000 \nat the invoice prices. \n\nWe wish them a safe and profitable trip, a speedy return to their families and homes \nin health, and that they may long live to enjoy the profits of their long and fatiguing \njourney of nearly 1,000 miles through prairies, inhabited only by savages and wild \nbeasts. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER III. \n\nHISTORY FROM 1830 TO 1840. \n\nElection returns from 1830 to 1840 \xe2\x80\x94 Fourth of July celebration in Columbia in 1831 \xe2\x80\x94 \nFirst Hanging in Boone County \xe2\x80\x94 Samuel Samuel, alias Samuel Earls, hung for \nmurder, December 13, 1831 \xe2\x80\x94 The Black Hawk war \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County\'s participation \nin it \xe2\x80\x94 Court Martial for the trial of Gen. Benjamin Means \xe2\x80\x94 Washington Irving \nvisits Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Population of Boone County in 1832 \xe2\x80\x94 -Pioneer Theatre \xe2\x80\x94 Finan- \ncial statement of Columbia, 1833 \xe2\x80\x94 Stars, Stars, Stars \xe2\x80\x94 A Meteoric Phenomenon \xe2\x80\x94 \nl"\'irst paper mill west of the Mississippi \xe2\x80\x94 Bingham, " the Missouri artist" \xe2\x80\x94 First \nAgricultural Fair in Missouri \xe2\x80\x94 Trial of Conway for the murder of Israel B. Grant \xe2\x80\x94 \nThe Florida war \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County\'s Soldiers in it \xe2\x80\x94 Capt. John Ellis\' Company \xe2\x80\x94 \nBattle of 0-kee-cho-bee and Death of Col. Gentry \xe2\x80\x94 The Mormon War, 1880. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY \n\n\n\n183 \n\n\n\nELECTION, 1830. \n\n* Those thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nSENATORS. \n\n\ns \n\na \nO \n\n\nu \n\n03 \n\nO \n\n\nO \nto \n\n\nO \n\n\no \n\nP5 \n\n\n3 \no \n\n\n^William Jewell \n\nRichard Grentrv \n\n\n.%6 \n308 \n\n\n85 \n19 \n\n\n81 \n\n64 \n\n\n83 \n44 \n\n\n33 \n41 \n\n\n600 \n473 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal \n\n\n1,073 \n631 \n\n\nRepresentatives in Legislature. \n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0no \n\n394 \n392 \n228 \n266 \n255 \n117 \n\n400 \n139 \n\n105 \n36 \n\n\n83 \n64 \n41 \n70 \n24 \n21 \n7 \n\n78 \n\n20 \n\n6 \n\n\n84 \n73 \n103 \n60 \n64 \n43 \n17 \n\n46 \n\n25 \n\n74 \n\n1 \n\n\n20 \n17 \n63 \n48 \n45 \n42 \n13 \n\n41 \n\n23 \n\n22 \n\n\n34 \n40 \n83 \n29 \n33 \n33 \n7 \n\n47 \n\n18 \n6 \n1 \n1 \n\n\n*Daniel P. Wilcox \n\n\n588 \n\n\n*Wra. S. Burch \n\n*Tyre Harris \n\nJesse T. Wood \n\n\n632 \n435 \n432 \n\n\n*Peter Wright \n\n\n394 \n161 \n\n\nmeriff. \n\n*Tliomas C. Maupin \n\n\n612 \n\n\nPeter Kerney \n\n\n225 \n\n\n\n\n213 \n\n\n\n\n38 \n\n\n\n\n1 \n\n\n\n\n2 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal \n\n\n1,090 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWilliam Jewell was elected State Senator ; John B. Gordon, Daniel \nP. Wilcox and William S. Burch, Representatives, and Thomas C. \nMaupin, Sheriff. \n\nELECTION, 1831. \n\n\n\nEepresentatives iisr Congress, Aug. 4, 1831. \n\n\na \n\nS \n3 \n\n\'o \nO \n\n\n\n\ns \no \n\n00 \n\n\na3 \n\n\no \no \n\n\n3 \n\no \n\n\n\n\n351 \n\n346 \n\n236 \n244 \n\n\n40 \n34 \n\n\n55 \n63 \n\n31 \n\n68 \n\n\n14 \n37 \n\n89 \n23 \n\n\n\n\n460 \n\n\n"^^Spencer Pettis \n\n\n\n\n480 \n\n\nOn November 7, 1831, there was a special election \nfor Representative to Congress to fill vacancy \noccasioned by death of Spencer Potti?. \n\nRobert W Wells \n\n\n306 \n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2* William H. Ashley \n\n\n\n\n335 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nELECTION, 1832. \n\n\n\nSenators \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n*John Bull \n\nJ)aniel Dunklin \n\n\n364 \n130 \n\n5 \n\n2 \n\n\n92 \n\n21 \n\n10 \n\n1 \n\n\n128 \n\n51 \n\n1 \n\n\n70 \n38 \n\n\n24 \n21 \n\n\n678 \n261 \n\n\n(Stephen Dorris \n\n\n16 \n\n\n.John T. Smith "... \n\n\n3 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal \n\n\n958 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n184 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nELECTION, 1832 \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nLieutenant-Governor - \n*James McClelland. \nLilburn W. Bo^iis... \n\n\n\nTotal. \n\n\n\n471 \n\n38 \n\n\n\n117 \n\n6 \n\n\n\n159 \n17 \n\n\n\n79 \n\n26 \n\n\n\n39 \n4 \n\n\n\n865 \n91 \n\n\n\n956 \n\n\n\nRepresentative in Congress \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n*Wm. H. Ashley \n\nEobert W. Wells \n\nJames H. Birch , \n\n\n\nTotal. \n\n\n\n381 \n\n\n91 \n\n\n130 \n\n\n54 \n\n\n22 \n\n\n151 \n\n\n35 \n1 \n\n\n53 \n\n\n53 \n\n\n26 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n678- \n\n318 \n\n1 \n\n\n\n997 \n\n\n\nRepresentatives in Legislature \n\n*John B. Gordon \n\n*01iver Parker \n\n*Tyre Harris \n\nRichard Grentry \n\nJesse T. Wood". ,. \n\nHenry Cave \n\n\n\n387 \n\n\n76 \n\n\n154 \n\n\n36 \n\n\n24 \n\n\n345 \n\n\n90 \n\n\n126 \n\n\n56 \n\n\n28 \n\n\n282 \n\n\n79 \n\n\n89 \n\n\n75 \n\n\n18 \n\n\n262 \n\n\n66 \n\n\n105 \n\n\n53 \n\n\n31 \n\n\n165 \n\n\n37 \n\n\n62 \n\n\n54 \n\n\n19 \n\n\n117 \n\n\n23 \n\n\n25 \n\n\n59 \n\n\n36 \n\n\n\n677 \n645 \n543 \n517\' \n337 \n260\' \n\n\n\nELECTION, 1833. \n\n\n\nRepresentatives in Congress \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n*John Bull \n\n\n272 \n\n158 \n\n25 \n\n31 \n\n8 \n\n\n40 \n\n26 \n\n\n50 \n\n16 \n\n7 \n\n8 \n\n3 \n\n\n23 \n\n29 \n\n4 \n\n3 \n\n1 \n\n\n13 \n\n18 \n15 \n\n\n397 \n\n\nGeorge Shannon \n\n\n247 \n\n\nJames H. Birch \n\n\n51 \n\n\nGeorge F. Strother \n\n\n42 \n\n\nGeorge C. Sihlev \n\n\n12 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal \n\n\n749 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nELECTION, 1834. \n\n\n\nSenators \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWilliam Jewell \n\n*Alex. M. Robinson \n\n\n348 \n271 \n\n\n104 \n121 \n\n\n98 \n122 \n\n\n74 \n101 \n\n\n52 \n\n82 \n\n\n676 \n\n697 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal \n\n\n1,373 \n\n\n\n\n1 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRepresentatives in Legislature \n\n*John B. Gordon \n\n^Sinclair Kirtley \n\n^Thomas C. Maupin , \n\nTyre Harris \n\nJohn Henderson \n\nJesse B. Dale , \n\nLawrence Bass \n\n*Austin A. Kinir \n\n\n\n427 \n\n\n100 \n\n\n144 \n\n\n65 \n\n\n62 \n\n\n470 \n\n\n146 \n\n\n91 \n\n\n98 \n\n\n91 \n\n\n552 \n\n\n197 \n\n\n181 \n\n\n143 \n\n\n119 \n\n\n329 \n\n\n78 \n\n\n70 \n\n\n102 \n\n\n50 \n\n\n109 \n\n\n12 \n\n\n98 \n\n\n35 \n\n\n2 \n\n\n124 \n\n\n45 \n\n\n127 \n\n\n69 \n\n\n16 \n\n\n114 \n\n\n116 \n\n\n31 \n\n\n54 \n\n\n48 \n\n\n302 \n\n\n154 \n\n\n126 \n\n\n111 \n\n\n80 \n\n\n\n798 \n896 \n1,192 \n629 \n256 \n381 \n363 \n780 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY \n\n\n\n185 \n\n\n\nAUGUST 8, 1835. \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\n\n*Wm. H. Ashley \n\n\n513 \n391 \n224 \n218 \n\n\n97 \n60 \n32 \n33 \n\n\n113 \n\n71 \n40 \n\n27 \n\n\n78 \n57 \n53 \n56 \n\n\n39 \n31 \n19 \n17 \n\n\n840 \n\n\nJames H. Birch \n\n\n610 \n\n\nGeorge F. Strother \n\n\n368 \n\n\nAlbert G. Harrison \n\n\n351 \n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal \n\n\n2,169 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAUGUST 8, 1836. \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\n\n*James H. Birch 686 I \n\nAlbert G. Harrison 607 \n\nGeorge F. Strother 12 \n\nTotal 2,365 \n\n\n\nSamuel. 0. Owens 641 \n\nJohn Miller 519 \n\n\n\n*Winiam H, Ashley \n\n\n\nGOVERNOR. \n\n... 827|Lilburn W. Boggs \n\n\n\n444 \n\n\n\nTotal l,27t \n\nLIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. \n\n*James Jones 749IF. Concannon 436. \n\nTotal 1,183 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\n\n*John B. Gordon 774 \n\n*Thomas C. Maupin 813 \n\nAustin A. King , 663 \n\nWilliam S.Burch 129 \n\n\n\n*Michael Woods 729 \n\n*Arch W.Turner 784 \n\nThomas D. Grant 637 \n\nBen. F. Eobinson , 393- \n\n\n\nNOVEMBER 7, 1836. \n\nSpecial election of Kepresentative in Legislature caused by the death of Michael Woods- \n*Austin A. King 630IWilliam Jewell 547 \n\nTotal 1 177 \n\n\n\nAUGUST 8, 1838. \n\n\n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS. \n\n\n\n^Beverly Allen , 944|John Wilson 938 \n\nJohn Miller 510|Albert G. Harrison 513 \n\nTotal ^ 2 905 \n\nSENATORS. \n\n*Thomas C. Maupin 950|*Arch. W. Turner 931 \n\nWilliam H. Duncan 519|john Slack 492 \n\n\n\n186 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\n\n*David M. Hickman 997 \n\n^John B. Gordon 792 \n\nTyre Harris \'. 829 \n\nLawrence Bass 530 \n\n\n\n*James S. Rollins 1,008 \n\n*Alex. Persinger \' 857 \n\nGeorge B. Wilcox 674 \n\n\n\nNOVEMBER 6, 1839. \n\nSpecial election for Eepresentative in Congress occasioned by the death of Albert G. \nHarrison. \n^Thornton Grimsly. 391I.Iohn Jamison 223 \n\nTotal 614 \n\n1830. \xe2\x80\x94Population of Boone County 8,859 \n\nFOURTH OF JULY AT COLUMBIA. \n\n[Intelliigencer, July 9, 1831.] \n\nA large number of the citizens of Columbia and its vicinity assem- \nbled on the 4th mst., at Capt. David Gordon\'s spring, for the pur- \npose of celebrating the fifty-sixth anniversary of our independence. \nAn oration was delivered by Calvin L. Perry, Esq., after which the \ncompany sat down to a dinner provided for the occasion. At the \nconclusion of the repast, owmg to the mclemency of the weather, the \ncompany adjourned to the court-house. The Rev. John Greenlagh \nwas appointed president of the day ; Doctor A. M. Robinson, vice- \npresident and A. A. King and William Cornelius, secretaries. The \nfollowing toasts were then drank : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. The day we celebrate. \xe2\x80\x94 Pre-eminent in story! The destroyers \nof nations are astonished at the magnanimity of the deed ! This \nglorious epoch will ever stand as a memorial of a nation\'s enfran- \nchisement, and the resplendent talents and virtues of a land of \nheroes. m \n\n2. The Declaration of Independence. \xe2\x80\x94 No instrument ever delin- \neated the rights of man more clearly. Whilst virtue prevails, it will \nstand as a memento of the purity and magnaminity of the patriots \nand heroes who formed and maintained it. \n\n3. The Signers of the Declaration of Independence. \xe2\x80\x94 The apostles \nof liberty ; willing to become martyrs in its cause. \n\n4. George Washijigton. \n\n5. The Departed Heroes and Sages of the Revolution. \xe2\x80\x94 Conse- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 187 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0crated in the affections of the American people hy the estimable \nlegacy bequeathed them, of liberty founded on reason, and secured \nby written Constitutions. \n\n6. Thomas Jefferson. \xe2\x80\x94 -The patriotic statesman and virtuous \nsage \xe2\x80\x94 the fruits of his labors are not only the inheritance of the \nAmerican people, but of all nations. \n\n7. Benjamin Franklin. \xe2\x80\x94 Philosophy justly chxims him as her dis- \nciple and ornament. The present and future generations will revere \nhis virtues. \n\n8. General Lafayette. \xe2\x80\x94 Tyrants be mute! envy hold thy peace! \nhis glor}^ cannot be sullied ! continents claim him as their defender, \nand liberty as its invincible champion. \n\n9. The President of /he United States of America. \n\n10. The Ex-Presidents of the United States. \xe2\x80\x94 Long, arduously, \nand successfully have you devoted your services in behalf of your \ncountry and tl^e great principles of civil and religious liberty. It is an \nanimating reflection that the influence of your example will extend to \nyour successors. \n\n11. The Constitution of the United States. \xe2\x80\x94 The grand depository \nof American happiness : To watch and guard with an untiring and \npatriotic vigilance, is the first of duties ; but in construing its pro- \nvisions let us be governed by a spirit of justice and candor. \n\n12. Union of the States. \xe2\x80\x94 The fruits of the toils, wisdom and \nblood of the patriots and sages of the Revolution cement it ; he who \nrejects this inheritance, barters his richest birthright for a mess of \npottage. * \n\n13. Education. \xe2\x80\x94 As knowledge is justly conceived to be the basis \nof public happiness, the promotion of science and literature is conse- \nquently the surest guarantee of a free, efficient and equal government. \n\n14. The Supreme Court of the United States.\xe2\x80\x94 The splendid \ntalents and legal acquirements of this tribunal afi\'ord just grounds for \nnational pride. The security which it gives and the equal justice \nwhich it administers, entitles it to the confidence of the American \npeople. \n\n15. Political Parties. \xe2\x80\x94 Whilst man is admitted to be fallible, \' \nunion of opinion on all subjects cannot be expected. But as the union \nof our government constitutes us one people, our interests are insep- \narable. It is, therefore, wise and prudent to reject all personal and \n:seotional animosities in our political views and measures. \n\n\n\n188 HISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n16. Agincultural Commerce and Manufactures. \xe2\x80\x94 These are the \ngreat resources on which are founded the power, energy and prosper- \nity of nations. \n\n17. The American Navy. \xe2\x80\x94 The independence and commercial pros- \nperity of the nation essentially depend on its organization being \nample. The patriotic spirit of our seamen will vindicate the honor \nand rights of our country and its flag from insult and aggression. \n\n18. Poland. \xe2\x80\x94 Ill-fated nation! Your heroism, your invincible \nlove of liberty, entitle you to success. The most devout wishes of \nevery patriotic j)hilanthropist under heaven are with you. \n\n19. The South American Republics. \xe2\x80\x94 We deem the constitutional \nprinciplej and^representative government, as essential to the inde- \npendence and prosperity of a nation. We cherish the pleasing hope \nthat this\'.will be the reward of your toils and dangers. \n\n20. Greece. \xe2\x80\x94 The Ottoman no longer tramples on the grave of \nLeonidas. \n\n21. C hristopher Columbus. \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" The first who dared to brave \nThe unknown wonders of the western wave." \n\nEver held in grateful remembrance by the American people. \n\n22. John Adams. \xe2\x80\x94 His revolutionar}^ services will ever entitle \nhim to the gratitude of the American people. \n\n23. The State of Missouri. \xe2\x80\x94 Blessed with all the resources neces- \nsary to her prosperity. \n\n24. TJie American Fair. \xe2\x80\x94 Their bosoms are the pure sanctuaries \nof honor, fidelity and truth. The far-famed Caucasus can exhibit \nnothing [more lovelyjto the eye of taste, and the character of the \nRoman|and Grecian matron is not more perfect and desirable. \n\n25. The Orator of tlie Day. \xe2\x80\x94 [Mr. Perry rose and returned his \nthanks for the honor done, and offered as a toast]. \n\nThe Citizens of Boone County .\xe2\x80\x94 AWko, distinguished for their \npatriotism^and their hospitality. \n\nVOLUNTEERS. \n\nBy the Vice-President. \xe2\x80\x94 The Constitution of the United States. \nThe atlas of the Federal Union, patriots formed and patriots will \nmaintain it. \n\nBy A. A. King. \xe2\x80\x94 The heroes and sages of the Revolution. While \nwe drink of the cup of liberty and eat of the bread of independence. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 189 \n\nthe recollection of their glorious achievements shall furnish the most \ngrateful part of the repast. \n\nBy Williain Cornelius. \xe2\x80\x94 Lafoyette, Kosciusko, Steuben, Pulaski, \nand DeKalb \xe2\x80\x94 Americans will forever admire their disinterested love of \nliberty, and feel grateful for their efficient services. \n\nBy R. JSr. 2odd. \xe2\x80\x94 The Union : May it never be severed by politi- \ncal discord. \n\nBy Peter Kerney. \xe2\x80\x94 Daniel O\'Connell, the Irish orator: May he \nbe as successful in putting down kings and princes, as he is powerful \nin defending the rights of the Irish people. \n\nBy James 8 . Rollins. \xe2\x80\x94 The American Constitution : The most \nstupendous and glorious edifice of liberty that has ever been created \nupon the foundation of human integrity in any age or country. \n\nBy R. S. Barr. \xe2\x80\x94 Domestic Manufacturers, like an infant, re- \nquires nursing : a nation giving the proper protection secures in time \nall articles necessary to her comfort at a cheaper rate than she can \nobtain them from foreigners, and thereby renders herself independent. \n\nBy W.K. Van ArsclaU. \xe2\x80\x94 Domestic Manufacturers should be en- \ncouraged but not to the aggrandizement of one section of the Union \nand to the destruction of another. \n\nBy E . Robert. \xe2\x80\x94 Henry Clay, the luminary of the world : May the \nsplendor of his genius never cease to emit its radiance while the wheels \nof time are moved by the force of rationality. \n\nBy James T. Tilton. \xe2\x80\x94 The County of Boone : her standing in the \nState is as America to the nations of the world. \n\nBy Br. James M. Moss. \xe2\x80\x94 Bank of the United States : As a me- \ndium of exchange, relative value, and general usefulness to all classes \nand all callings, this institution is unparalleled ; the question therefore \nto abolish it, is one involving the highest national interest and requir- \ning the most solemn deliberation. \n\nBy J. (J . Boggs. \xe2\x80\x94 The Constitution formed by the statesmen of \n\'76 \xe2\x80\x94 better than we can do \xe2\x80\x94 let it stand. \n\nBy Dr. James H. Bennett. \xe2\x80\x94 Henry Clay : May March 1833 make \nhim President of this nation, not of a party. \n\nBy J. Osborne. \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Andrew Jackson \xe2\x80\x94 the soldier of the \nKevolution,^ the victorious commander in the late war \xe2\x80\x94 he is now de- \nservedly enjoying the highest honors in the gift of a free people. \n\n\n\n1 Wishing our readers enliglitened on the subject, we shall take it as a favor if Mr. \nO., will please to recapitulate the exploits or services of General Jackson during the \n" Eevolution." \xe2\x80\x94 Editor. \n\n\n\n190 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nBy M. JSFeale. \xe2\x80\x94 Rotation in offices, the advice of our President r \nMay it be strictly adhered to. \n\nBy O. L. Ferry.\xe2\x80\x94 The 4th of March, 1801, and the 4th of \nMarch, 1829 : " then were the winters of our discontent made glorious \nsummer\'s morn." \n\nBy W. K. Van Arsdall. \xe2\x80\x94 Internal improvements in the interior of \nthe States \xe2\x80\x94 they are the only legitimate authority to conduct them. \n\nBy Wm. Cornelius. \xe2\x80\x94 Henry Chiy, the Union, Internal Improve- \nment, Domestic Manufacturers, the United States Bank, and real \nReform. \n\nBy J. M. T/mrston. \xe2\x80\x94 The State of Missouri : her soil fertile, her \nclimate salubrious, and her people prosperous and happ}^ \n\nBy a Guest. \xe2\x80\x94 The Ladies: In war our arms their protection \xe2\x80\x94 in \npeace their arms our refuge. \n\nThe festivities of the day were concluded by a ball at Mr. McClel- \nlan\'s Hotel. \n\nTHE FIRST LEGAL HANGING IN BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe first man hung in Boone County for murder, was Samuel \nSamuels, whose true name was Samuel Earls, and it occurred on \nthe loth day of December, 1831. The place of execution was a \nsmall field or clearing north of the present grounds of Christian \nCollege and south of Trices\' Nursery, and east of the Columbia and \nBlackfoot turnpike, and at a spot about one hundred yards northeast \nof the James M. Long house, now occupied by George E. Allgier as \na residence. \n\nThe murder occurred in New London, Ralls County, early on Sun- \nday morning, December 6, 1829. The citizen murdered was Charles \nB. Rouse, and the case was called in the Boone Circuit Court, June \nterm, 1830, by a change of venue. David Todd, judge; Roger N. \nTodd, clerk; Thos C. Maupin, sheriff". It was continued from time \nto time until the June term of 1831, when it was tried before the \nfollowing jury : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nHenry Andersou, Eolly Asbury, Anthony Ousley, John Austin, John Hopper, John \nHenderson, James R. Woods, James Kirtley, Wm. McClain, Asa Stone, Wni. Nichols, \nJohn Eaulliner. \n\nAfter a full hearing of the case the prisoner was convicted and sen- \ntenced, June 13, 1831, to be hung on Friday, July 8, next ensuing, \non which day, in the language of a newspaper of the time, " an im- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUKTY. 191 \n\nmense collection of people of all sexes and all colors" assembled to \nwitness the execntion. On that morning, however, a respite from the\' \nGovernor, John Miller, reached the sheriff, postponing the execution \nuntil December 13th, 1831, in order that the Supreme Court might \nhave an opportunity to decide certain points of law appealed to them. \n(See 3d Mo. Reports (Ilouck), page 42.) \n\nHe was hung on the day named, and, under the escort of a small \narmed guard, was taken to the place of execution in a cart drawn by \na yoke of oxen. The sheriff (Maupin) then lived on a farm on the \nTwo-Mile Prairie, east of town, and the cart and oxen belonged to \nhim. His negro man, Adam, drove them to Columbia that morning, \nand to the gallows. The hanging was according to the old style, a \nstrangulation, for the culprit stood in the cart body, the cart at a \nsignal being driven from under him. He protested his innocence to \nthe last. \n\nThe evidence on the trial showed that for about a year previous to \nthe murder of Rouse there had existed a bitter feud between Rouse \nand his friends and a number of other persons residing in and near \nNew London. This feud finally culminated in the unfortunate killing \nby Rouse of a 3^onng man b}^ the name of Purdam, who had attached \nhimself to and took an active part with the party opposed to Rouse. \nFor this homicide Rouse was indicted, tried and acquitted. This re- \nsult inflamed to a greater degree the virulence of the friends of \nPurdam, which, reacting upon the opposing faction, increased the \nrancor and violence of both. \n\nIt was during this condition of affairs that Samuel Samuel, alias \nEarls, appeared upon the scene. He came to New London from \nSt. Louis, a stranger, apparently without money or friends. He \ndid not know, nor does it appear from the testimony that he liad \never spoken to Rouse, and the belief prevailed among the friends of \nRouse that some one or more of the opposing faction had picked him \nup in St. Louis, brought him to New London, and hired him to \ncommit the murder. At all events, apparently without motive, ex- \ncept as stated, and wholly without provocation, early on the morn- \ning of the homicide, he secreted himself in an old warehouse in the \nrear of Boardman\'s store, and through a hole, seemingly made for \nthe purpose, shot Rouse with a rifle, while he was standing in the \nporch of Caldwell\'s tavern. The ball entered the deceased just be- \nlow the left nipple, and passing entirely through the body, wounded \na man by the name of Saunders, who was standing near Rouse. \n\n\n\n192 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, \n\nAfter receiving the shot Kouse never spoke, and died in a few \nminutes. \n\nAfter the murder, Samuel, alias Earls, fled and concealed himself \nin a cave in the Salt Elver hills, in Kails County. A vs^oman who \ndaily carried food to him was tracked in the snow, and thus be- \ntrayed his hiding place, and he was arrested, tried, convicted and \nexecuted, as above stated. Earls was about sixty years of age, and \nwas defended on the trial by Thomas L. Anderson, of Palmyra, a\'nd \nby John B. Gordon, Austin A. King, Wm. K. Van Arsdall and \nBenjamin F. Robinson, of Columbia. Mr. Anderson is a distin- \no-uished citizen of Palmyra, yet living. Mr. Gordon was the father \nof Boyle, Wellington and Carey H. Gordon, of Columbia, Mo. \nMr. King was subsequently Governor and a member of Congress. \nMr. Robinson is the father of the present prosecuting attorney of \nBoone County, J. De W. Robinson. \n\nThe prisoner was prosecuted by the attorney-general of the State, \nRobert W. Wells, of Jefferson City. \n\nAll of the jury, and all others connected with the trial, are dead, \nexcept Mr. Maupin, the sheriff, who now lives in Ysleta, El Paso \nCounty, Texas, at the advanced age of eighty-five ; Mr. Anderson, of \nPalmyra, Mo., and Mr. B. F.^ Robinson, who resides near Dallas, Texas. \n\nEarls was buried under the gallows, and no doubt his remains re- \npose on the spot to this day. \n\nWm. E. Wright, our present county surveyor, then a small boy, \nwas present on July 8, to witness the execution, and, with others, \nwas sadly disappointed and in no very amiable mood, because it did \nnot occur. He did not attend when it did take place ; but Robert \nL. Todd, now cashier of the Exchange National Bank of Columbia, \nthen a little boy, witnessed it, and for the purpose of doing so, rode \nto the grounds on a horse and behind John R. Bedford, who stood \nhim up before him on the horse\'s neck, and held him that he might \nsee the hanging. Maj. N. W. Wilson was one of the guard. \n\nTHE BLACK HAAVK WAR. \n\n" Switzler\'s History of Missouri" says the Black Hawk War oc- \ncurred during the year 1832 \xe2\x80\x94 called "The Black Hawk War" be- \ncause the Indians engaged in it were led by a brave, often called a \nchief, by the name of Black Hawk.^ He cannot rank in intelligence \n\n\n\n1 " Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah," or Black Hawk. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 193 \n\nor heroism with Poutiiic or Tecumseh, for he showed no special intel- \nlectual power ; was simply a desperate savage, and fought only for \nrevenge. \n\nIn 1832 several tribes on the northwestern frontier who had \nmade common canse with the British in 1812, became restless and \nappeared bent on hostilities. These tribes were the Sacs, Foxes \nand Winnebago^s. After the peace of 1815 they maintained their \nintercourse with the British in Canada, the conseqnence of which was, \nthe influence over them by the United States was greatly weakened. \nIn fact, in 1816, Bhick Hawk, having gathered around him a small \nband ot" disaffected spirits, refused to attend the negotiations of that \nyear, went to Canada, proclaimed himself a British subject, and re- \nceived presents from that quarter. \n\nThey were, therefore, in no state of mind to recognize the obliga- \ntions of the treaties of 1815, 1822 and 1825, or properly to appre- \n<!iate the efforts of the United States to maintain peaceable relations \nwith them. Moreover the Sacs and Foxes possessed no original right, \neven in contemplation of Indian ideas of justice, to any portion of \nthe Rock River country or any other portion of Illinois. They were \nsimply intruders on the country of the Santeaus and lowas. \n\nNevertheless, blinded by prejudice and fired by a spirit of revenge \nfor imaginary wrongs, the Sacs and Foxes claimed the right to occupy \na part of the country on Rock River, although by a treaty made \n*\' with the chiefs, warriors and head men of the Sac and Fox tribes " \nat Fort Armstrong [Rock Island], on September 3d, 1822, the coun- \ntry for a valuable consideration was transferred to the United States, \nand had been settled by its citizens. \n\nFrequent collisions with the inhabitants were the consequence. \nIn 1831 these aggressions were so serious, and preparations for open \nhostilities so threatening, that a considerable force of Illinois militia \nwere called into the field. This formidable array alarmed the \nsavages into an agreement to retire to their own lands west of the \nMississippi. \n\nIt was not long, however, before a party of the same Indians com- \nmitted a flagrant outrage, almost under the guns of Fort Crawford, \nupon a band of friendly Menomonie Indians encamped in the village \nof Prairie du Chien. Twenty-five of these Indians were wantonly \nmurdered and many others wounded. \n\nFearing that the Sacs and Foxes would renew their attacks upon \nthe settlements on our frontier, and determined that the murderers of \n13 \n\n\n\n194 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe Menoraonies should be surrendered, or captured, for punishment^ \non the 7th of March, 1832, Brigadier-General Atkinson was ordered \nto ascend the Mississippi, with a large detachment of the regular \ntroops at Jefferson Barracks, to chastise the Indians, who, under \nBlack Hawk and the Prophet, had violated their treaty with the \nUnited States by removing east of the Mississippi and invading \nwith fire and scalping-knife the unprotected frontier settlements of \n\nIllinois. \n\nTo the demand for the surrender of the murderers of the Meno- \nmonies no attention was paid ; on the contrary, the murderers and \nth^ir adherents under Black Hawk re-crossed the Mississippi, and in. \nhostile a^ay established themselves on Rock River. This was in \nMay, 1832. \n\nA bloody engagement near Dixon\'s Ferry on the 14th of the montb \nrendered peace hopeless. Keokuk was the legitimate chief of the \ntribe, but, although he controlled a majority, the temptations of war \nand plunder were too strong for those who followed the track of \nBlack Hawk. \n\nThe proximity of these hostilities to the Missouri frontier causedi \nGovernor John Miller to adopt precautionary measures to avert the \ncalamities of an invasion, which seemed imminent. Therefore, in \nMay, 1832, he ordered Major-General Richard Gentry, of Columbia, \nMissouri (of whom James S. Rollins, Caleb S. Stone and Calvin L. \nPerry were aids-de-camp), to raise, without delay, one thousand vol- \nunteers for the defence of the frontiers of the State, to be in readiness \nto start at a moment\'s warning. \n\nAccordingly, on the 29th of May, 1832, orders were issued by Gen- \neral Gentry to Brigadier-Generals Benjamin Means, commanding the \nseventh, Jonathan Riggs, eighth, and Jesse T. Wood, ninth brigade,, \nthird division, to raise the required quota, the first named four and \neach of the last three hundred men, each man " to keep in readiness \na horse, with the necessary equipment, and a rifle, in good order, with \nan ample supply of ammunition," etc. : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nGENERAL ORDER BY GEN. GENTRY. \n\nColumbia, June 25, 1832. \nIn a general order directed to me by the executive of the State of Missouri, under \ndate of May 25, 1832, wlierein I am required to raise and or2;anize one thousand \nmounted volunteers, for the defence of the northern frontier, from the Third Division \nof militia, under my command, and to organize them into regiments of five hundred \neach. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 195 \n\nI have, in pursuance of said order, made, by lot, the following organization, viz.: \nThe five companies of volunteers raised in the county of Boone, the two companies \nraised in the county of Callaway, and the two companies in the county of Montgomery \nshall compose the First Regiment ; the two companies raised in the county of Marion, \nremaining company in the county of Ealls, the remaining company in the county of \nPike, the company from the county of Monroe, the two companies from the county of \nLincoln, and the two companies from the county of St. Charles, shall compose the \nSecond Regiment. The companies comprising the First Regiment have been orgaa- \nized by lot, in the following manner, to wit : \n\nThe company commanded by Patrick Ewing, of Callaway, is the first. \n\nThe company commanded by Thomas D. Grant, of Boone, the second. \n\nThe company commanded by Parker Dudley, of Montgomery, the third. \n\nThe company commanded by David M. Hickman, of Boone, the fourth. \n\nThe company commanded by John Jamison, of Callaway, the fifth. \n\nThe company commanded by Thomas Griffith, of Montgomery, the sixth. \n\nThe company commanded by Sinclair Kirtley, of Boone, the seventh. \n\nThe company commanded by Elijah P. Dale, of Boone, the eighth. \n\nThe company commanded by Michael Woods, of Boone, the ninth. \n\nAnd the companies composing the Second Begiment in the following manner, to wit: \n\nThe company commanded by William Carson, of Marion, is the first. \n\nThe company commanded by David Wielock, of Marion, the second. \n\nThe company commanded by Thomas Barby, of Monroe, the fourth. \n\nThe company commanded by John Ralls, of Ralls, the fifth. \n\nThe company commanded by John Pittman, of St. Charles, the sixth. \n\nThe company commanded by John S. Besser, of Lincoln, the seventh. \n\nThe company commanded by , of Lincoln, the eighth. \n\nThe company commanded by Felix Scott, of St. Charles, the ninth. \n\nJi^^The captains commanding companies will cause elections to be held in their \nrespective companies on the following days, to wit: Those belonging to the First Regi- \nment on the 4th, and those belonging to the Second Regiment on 12th of July next, for \nthe purpose of electing a Colonel, Lieutenant-Colonel and Major to each regiment, at \nsuch places as the several officers commanding companies may designate \xe2\x80\x94 and make \nreturn to me of the whole number of votes given to each candidate for the several \noffices, without delay. RICHARD GENTRY, \n\nMaj. Gen. comm\'g 3d Division Missouri Militia. \n\nSeven companies were at once raised in Boone County, and others \nin Callaway, Montgomery, St. Charles, Lincoln, Pike, Marion, Ealls, \nClay ,^ and Monroe. \n\nThe Columbia Intelligencer of - June 16, 1832, says: "In Gen. \nJesse T. Wood\'s brigade, composed of the counties of Boone and \nCallaway, on which a requisition was made for 300 volunteers, such \n\n\n\n1 Several companies were ordered out in Clay; marched northward to the Iowa line, \nand thence into the Grand River country. They were absent about four weeks. It is \nnot known to the writer who commanded them. Two companies were raised in Ralls \n\xe2\x80\x94 one, commanded by Captain Richard Matson, was in active service ; the other, John \nEalls in command, was held in reserve, but was never ordered into service. \n\n\n\n196 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwas the enthusiasm and promptitude of our citizens that on Thursday- \nlast 400 offered their services, being 100 more than was required. \nThey were immediately organized into seven companies, and held \nthemselves in readiness to march on receipt of orders." \n\nTwo companies of mounted volunteers, under the command of Capt. \nDavid M. Hickman, of Boone, and Capt. John Jamison, of Callaway, \ndetailed by order of Governor Miller, to relieve the two companies \non duty on the frontier, after camping one or two days in the vicinity \nof Columbia, took up the line of March on Monday, July 9, 1832, for \ntheir point of destination, and equipped for thirty days of duty. The \nwhole under command of Major Thomas Conyers, with orders to \nmarch to the mouth of the Des Moines, and to range from thence to \nthe headwaters of Salt River and on towards the main Chariton. \nThis detachment, accompanied by General Gentry in person, at once \ntook up the line of march for the northern frontier ; arrived at Pal- \nmyra July 10th, and at Fort Pike five days afterwards. This foi\'t \nwas built by Captain Eichard Mace, of the Ralls County " Volunteer \nRangers," and was situated ten miles from the month of the Des \nMoines, in what is now Clark county. \n\nOfficers of First Regiment: Austin A. King, Colonel; Jesse B. \nDale, Lieutenant-Colonel; Thomas W. Conyers, Major. \n\nFindino- " the wars and rumors of wars " much exaggerated, and \nthat no hostile Indians had crossed into Missouri, General Gentry \nordered work to be discontinued on Fort Matson, sixty-five miles \nfrom Fort Pike and within eight miles of the Chariton, and left for \nColumbia, where he arrived on the 19th of July. Major Conyers\' \ndetachment was left at Fort Pike (to quote General Gentry\'s re- \nport to the Governor), with "something like 40 barrels of flour, \n2 hogsheads of bacon, 4 barrels of whiskey and 100 bushels of \ncorn." \n\nOn Thursday, August 2, 1832, the company of volunteers under \ncommand of Capt. Sinclair Kirtley left Columbia for Fort Pike, to \nrelieve the company under Capt. Hickman, whose tour of duty would \nexpire in a few days. Being thus relieved, Capt. Hickman\'s company \nreached Columbia on Tuesday, August 14th. Colonel Austin A. \nKino\' marched the detachment to Fort Pike and conducted those who \nwere relieved to their homes. Major Conyers was retained in com- \nmand of the fort. \n\nThe Indian war having terminated, all the troops stationed on the \nfrontier were withdrawn, by order of the Governor, and accordingly \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 197 \n\nreturned to their homes. Claptain Kirtley\'s company reached Colum- \nbia on Saturday, September 22, and were disbanded. \n\nBut it did not thus, or at this time, end in Illinois. For nearly a \nyear afterwards it was continued at various points in the territory \nnow occupied by the States of Iowa and Illinois, till the decisive battle \non the Mississippi, near the mouth of Bad-Ax River, August 2d, 1833, \nwhen the troops under Generals Atkinson, Dodge, Henry, Posey and \nAlexander overtook and defeated Black Hawk with great slaughter, \nentirely broke his power and ended the war. While the battle waxed \nwarm Black Hawk stole off up the river, but on the 27th of August, \n1833, he was captured by two Winnebagoes and delivered to the \nUnited States officers at Prairie du Chi en. He was well treated and \ncarried in triumph through a great part of the United States, after \nwhich he was permitted to return to his people. \n\nBlack Hawk died at the village of his tribe on the Des Moines \nRiver, in Davis county, Iowa, October 3d, 1838, aged about 70 years. \nThe only mound over the grave was some puncheons, split out and set \nover his grave and then sodded over with blue grass, making a ridge \nabout four feet high. A flag-staff, some twenty feet high, was planted \nat his head, on which was a silk flag, which hung there until the wind \nwore it out. He was buried in a suit of military clothes, made to \norder and given to him when in Washington City by Gen. Jackson, \nwith hat, sword, gold epaulets, etc. Enclosing all was a strong circu- \nlar picket fence, twelve feet high. His body remained here until \nJuly, 1839, when it was carried off by a certain Dr. Turner, then \nliving at Lexington, Van Buren County, Iowa. It is said the bones \nwere carried to Alton, Illinois, to be mounted with wire. Black \nHawk\'s sons, when they heard of this desecration of their father\'s \ngrave, were very indignant and complained of it to Governor Lucas,, \nof Iowa Territory, and his excellency caused the bones to be brought \nback to Burlington in the fall of 1839 or the spring of 1840. When \nthe sons came to take possession of them, it seems that finding them \nsafely stored "in a good dry place," they left them there. The bones \nwere subsequently placed in the collection of the Burlington Geolog- \nical and Historical Society, and it is certain that they perished in the fire \nwhich destroyed the building and all the Society\'s collections in 1855. \n\nCOURT MARTIAL FOR THE TRIAL OF GEN. MEANS. \n\nOn Thursday, December 6, 1832, a court martial assembled In \nColumbia for the trial of Brig. -Gen. Benjamin Means, of the 7tli \n\n\n\n198 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nBrigade, 7th Division Missouri Militia, on sundry charges and specifi- \ncations preferred against him. The following officers composed the \ncourt : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBrig.-Gen. Jesse T. Wood, 9th Brigade, President. \n\nBrig.-Gen. Jonathan Riggs, 8th Brigade. \n\nCol. Thomas D. Grant, 31st Regiment. \n\nCol. William Talbot, 15th Regiment. \n\niieut.-Col. Jesse B. Dale, 26th Regiment. \n\nLieut. -Col. Jesse Barnett, 31st Regiment. \n\nMaj. John Barclay, 31st Regiment. \n\nLieut.-Col. James Culberson, 18th Regiment. \n\nMaj. Abel M. Conner, 18th Regiment. \n\nMaj. Henry Watts, 11th Regiment. \n\nMaj. Addison McPheeters, 20th Regiment. \n\nMaj. Thomas W. Conyers, Inspector of 9th Brigade. \n\nMaj. Overton Harris, Quartermaster of 3d Division. \n\nAustin A. King, Judge Advocate. \n\nJames Jackson, Provost Marshal. \n\nThe trial originated in alleged misconduct of Gen. Means during \nthe Black Hawk war, and was for the examination of the following \ncharges: 1. Disobedience of order. 2. Unofficerlike conduct. 3. \nUnofficerlike and ungentlemanly conduct. 4. Mutiny. 5. Mutinous \nconduct. We are not informed as to the specifications ; but after a \nlong and laborious investigation, which closed on December 19, the \ncourt found him not guilty, which finding was approved by Maj .-Gen. \nKichard Gentry, Caleb S. Stone, Aid-de-camp, and he was honorably \ndischarged. \n\nWASHINGTON IRVING VISITS COLUMBIA. \n\nWashington Irving arrived in Columbia on Wednesday, September \n19, 1832, and remained until the next day, when he resumed his jour- \nney for the Osage country. The Intelligencer says : " He expressed \nthe greatest surprise and admiration of what he had already seen of \nMissouri, having previously formed somewhat different views of the \ncountry. In his manners, Mr. Irving is unostentatious, affable and \ngentlemanly. He will, no doubt, acquire a valuable fund of materials \nin his progress, for interesting works or sketches, which, ere long, we \nmay have the gratification of perusing." \n\nPOPULATION OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe population of Boone county in 1832 was as follows : Whites, \n6,221 ; slaves, 2,248.\' Total, 8,469. Voters, 1,476. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 199 \n\n\n\nPIONEER THEATER. \n\n\n\nPrimitive and frugal as were the habits of life of the Boone county \npioneers, it is in evidence that they quite early gave attention to edu- \ncation and were not unmindful of the attractions of the drama. \nAlmost simultaneously with the establishment of good school houses \n{whether the one had any influence upon the introduction of the other \nwe shall not argue), came the theater. No doubt the first theatre and \nhistrionic corps which challenged public patronage in Columbia, \n"were unpretentous and almost wholly destitute of the aids and appli- \nances and attractive scenery and gorgeously painted drop curtains of \nlater days. It was, nevertheless, a theater, and developed the amateur \nnative talent of the times. The pioneer theater of Columbia made its \ndebut on the night of Christmas day, 1832, in the play " Pizarro ; or, \nthe Death of Rolla," concluding with the laugh\'able farce of "My \nUncle." Complimented and encouraged, no doubt, by the patronage \nand plaudits of an appreciative public, the amateur troupe were \nencouraged to strut the stage again, and, therefore, on Monday even- \ning, February 25, 1833, Mr. E. Scott\'s benefit was given by the rendi- \ntion of the much admired comedy of " She Stoops to Conquer ; or, the \nMistakes of a Night," concluding with the laughable farce of "The \nBoarding House." Tickets, 50 cents; children and servants half- \nprice. \n\nOn October 21, 1833, a semi-weekly line of mail stages between \nSt. Louis via St. Charles, Fulton, Columbia, and Fayette was let. \n\nCOLUMBIA FINANCIAL STATEMENT. \n[From the Missouri Intelligencer of April 20, 1833.] \n\nA STATEMENT \n\nOf all monies received and paid out by the Board of Trustees of the town of \n\nColumbia. \n\nTotal amount received from all sources within the year ending this day . $305 82 \nTotal amount paid out within the same period 305 70 \n\nBalance in the treasury 12 \n\nRECAPITULATION. \n\nBalance in the treasury on the first day of Saptember, 1832 . . . $141 50 \n\nAmount received since that period . . . . . . . . 140 82 \n\n$282 32 \nAmount paid for digging and walling the public cistern on Broadway . $98 00 \n\n\n\n5 \n\n\n75 \n\n\n4 \n\n\n69 \n\n\n50 \n\n\n00 \n\n\n2 \n\n\n00 \n\n\n40 \n\n\n00 \n\n\n8 \n\n\n00 \n\n\n17 \n\n\n15 \n\n\n$282 \n\n\n20 \n\n\n\n200 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nAmount paid for conducting the water, for timbers, and for other \n\nwork and materials towards completing the same .... 56 6L \n\nAmount paid in discharge of a note executed by a former Board of \n\nTrustees \n\nAmount paid for walling one of the public wells \n\nAmount paid in part consideration for the public fountain on Eighth \n\nStreet \n\nAmount paid for publishing an advertisement in the Missouri \n\nIntelUr/encer \n\nAmount paid for flagging, curbing, and boxing four of the public \n\nwells \n\nAmount paid for a large trough which is to be connected with the \n\npublic fountain and reservoir on Eighth Street .... \n\nAmount paid the collector (his commission for collecting) \n\n\n\nBalance in treasury 12 \n\nWILLIAM CORNELIUS, Chairman B. T. \nColumbia, April 1, 1833. \n\nSTARS, STARS, STARS A METEORIC PHENOMENON. \n\nBetween three and four o\'clock on Wednesday morning, November \n13, 1833, there occurred in Boone County and throughout the whole \ncountry a meteoric phenomenon, the splendor of which never passed \nfrom the memory of those who witnessed it. It was called, in pop- \nular language, a falling of the stars. In the firmament above, and all \naround the horizon, thicker than the stars themselves, \xe2\x80\x94 which were \non that morning uncommonly bright and beautiful, \xe2\x80\x94 were beheld \ninnumerable balls of fire of a whitish, pallid color, rushing down and \nacross the sky, dra^ang after them long, luminous traces which clothed \nthe whole heavens in awful majesty, and gave to the air and earth a \npale and death-like appearance. An inconceivable number of meteors \nor falling stars shot across and downward from the heavens, as though \nthe whole framework of the blue and cloudless arch above had been \nshaken. These small and luminous bodies had the appearance of fly- \ning or floating with great rapidity in every direction, occasioning the \ngreatest wonder among the beholders, mingled with fear and conster- \nnation. Some described them as the slow and sparse descent of large \nflakes of snow, and that each flake \xe2\x80\x94 some smaller, some larger in \nsize, from accidental aggregation or otherwise \xe2\x80\x94 take fire in their \npassage, and, fusing like a bombshell before bursting, leave a long \ntrain of lurid light, and that thousands of these, or as many as were \nwithin the range of vision, continued to descend and scatter and be- \ncome extinct before they reached the earth. It was a radiating rain \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 201 \n\nof fire, in meteoric particles of the greatest brilliancy. In some parts \nof the country the shower of meteors continued until near sunrise, \nwhen, it is supposed, they " paled their ineffectual fires " only before \nthe greater brilliancy of the sun. \n\nYon heaven,- through its glorious spheres, \n\nIs full of fiery eyes, \nAnd the mysterious meteor bears \n\nIts lightning thro\' the skies. \n\n\'Tis night! \'tis moonless night! but still \n\nThe earth is bright as day ; \nAnd you can see, on yonder hill, \n\nThe Autumn of foliage play. \n\nNature ! mysterious are Thy ways. \n\nFrom firmament to flower. \nThe fragrant leaf, the meteor\'s rays. \n\nProclaim a Godhead\'s power. \n\nFIRST PAPER MILL WEST OF THE MISSISSIPPI. \n\nAs early as 1823 the subject of a paper mill in Missouri engaged the \nattention of some of its citizens, and in the Franklin Intelligencer of \nApril 8, of that year, there is an editorial calling attention to the \nimportance of the enterprise. It was not, however, until 1834, more \nthan ten years after the first agitation of the subject, that a paper mill \nwas established in the State. In 1833 David S. Lamme, John W. \nKeiser & Co. established a steam flouring mill at what is now known as \n*\' Kockbridge Mills," called by that name because there is at the place \na natural bridge, six miles southwest of Columbia. In January, 1834, \nthis firm gave public notice that they were making arrangements for \nthe manufacture of paper, their intention being to establish at that \nplace a paper mill, and that they would pay for good clean linen and \ncotton rags three cents per pound, and for woollen ten, and jeans rags \none cent per pound. The paper mill was owned by David S. and \nWilliam Lamme, John W. Keiser and Thos. J. Cox. Near the close \nof 1834 the mill commenced the manufacture of printing paper, and \nthe Intelligencer of the last week of that year was issued on paper \nmade by this mill. The machinery was entirely new " and the whole \nestablishment on an extensive scale." The St. Louis Republican, in \nthe fall of 1835, was printed on paper manufactured by the Boone \nCounty mill, and the proprietors of the Republican announced that \n"the paper will compare advantageously with, if, indeed, it be not \nsuperior to, any manufactured west of the mountains." \n\n\n\n202 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nNevertheless, the enterprise was not remunerative and the paper \nmill had but a temporary existence. \n\nGEORGE C. BINGHAM, "THE MISSOURI ARTIST." \n\nAmong the earliest achievements by George C. Bingham as a portrait \npainter were accomplished in Columbia, where, in 1835, he opened his \nstudio and painted the portraits of a number of citizens. Many of \nthese specimens of art are yet extant in the county, and among them \na portrait of the late Judge David Todd, which, a few years since, was \npresented to the State University by G. W. Samuel, of St. Joseph, \nand which now hangs in the chapel of the institution. \n\nTHE FIRST AGRICULTURAL FAIR IN MISSOURI, OCTOBER, 1835. \n\nIt is not generally known, perhaps not known at all to a single \ncitizen of Boone County, or of the State, that agricultural fairs in \nMissouri had their origin in this county. This important and valuable \nagency in the improvement of the cattle, horses, mules, hogs and sheep \nof this State was a coinage of the brain of Boone County farmers ; \nand in October, 1835, in a very plain and unpretentious manner the \n\xe2\x80\xa2enterprise was inaugurated. \n\nThe Agricultural Society owned no grounds, had erected no amphi- \ntheater or prepared a ring for the exhibition of stock ; and neither \nthe exhibitors, judges nor spectators had the tedium of the occasion \nrelieved by a band of music. The place of exhibition was then a \nwoodland, or pasture, in the eastern suburbs of the town, and a short \ndistance northeast of Samuels\'s pork-house and near the present res- \nidences of Rev. H. B. Watson and Mrs. Emma Anderson. \n\nThose were the primitive days of the county, and the methods of \nthe people were primitive ; and doubtless it will be added by those \nwho read the following award of premiums, that the stock was prim- \nitive. Although the officers of the Fair \xe2\x80\x94 Abraham J. Williams, \nPresident, and A. W. Turner, Secretary \xe2\x80\x94 very innocently felicitated \nthemselves on the conviction that " the stock exhibited would bear a \ncomparison with any of our older sister States," we suspect that the \nhogs, sheep, cattle, mules and horses then exhibited would present \nrather a sorry spectacle if brought in competition with the stock of \nthis day. No doubt the hogs, although they may have been fatted for \nthe fair, were of the " hazel-splitter " variety, with sharp backs, long \nlegs, snouts and tails. The cattle, mules and horses, and perhaps \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 203 \n\nsheep, were doubtless more respectable, but none of them are re- \nported as of illustrious lineage, with long pedigrees in the American \nHerd Book. \n\nThe officers of the society, in making an official announcement of \nthe premiums awarded, deemed it a matter worthy of special mention \nas "a novelty in our country," that there was on exhibition " a suck- \ning colt, broke to all the domestic uses of man, dressed off with the \ngay attire of a stallion, and plated and trained as the courser." \nThese officers, it is worthy of special record, prophetically said, " the \nball of improvement is rolling through our country." No doubt the \nball then and there started gave impulse to the improvement of all \nkinds of stock which through the succeeding years, from that period \nto the present, has influenced our farmers to place Boone County, in \nthe character of its stock, in the front rank of the counties of the \n\xe2\x80\xa2Commonwealth. \n\n[Eroaa the Columbia Intelligencer of October 24. 1835.] \nSTOCK FAIR. \n\nAt a stock fair of the Boone County Agricultural Society, held at \n\xe2\x96\xa0Columbia on the sixteenth and seventeenth days of October, 1835, the \nfollowing stock were exhibited for premiums of a silver cup, worth \n.-$10 : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nHOGS \n\n[William Stone, Alfred Basye and William Provines, judges.] \nSamuel Kennan \xe2\x80\x94 one sow pig, and one black sow. The black sow \ntook the certificate. David M. Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 one boar and one sow. \nThe sow took the certificate. \n\nSHEEP. \n\n[Theodorick Jenkins, A. W. Kollins and Stephen Bedford, judges.] \nWilliam Stone \xe2\x80\x94 one ewe. Merino, and one ram, Merino. D. M. \nHickman \xe2\x80\x94 one ram. Merino, premium. William Johnston \xe2\x80\x94 one \nram, Merino, certificate. \n\nJACKS AND JENNETS. \n\n[Lowden Snell, Mason Moss and Philip Barnes, judges.] A. W. \nEollins \xe2\x80\x94 one sucking jack, premium. A. W. Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 one jennet, \n("Jimmy Crow,") premium. Jesse Turner \xe2\x80\x94 one yearling jack, \n\'Certificate. D. M. Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 one yearling jack, premium. D. M. \n\n\n\n204 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHickman \xe2\x80\x94 one two year-old jack, premium. D. M. Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 one \naged jack (Washington), premium. A. W. Turner \xe2\x80\x94 one jack \n(Tecumseh), certificate. William Johnston \xe2\x80\x94 one jack. \n\nCATTLE. \n\n[David Gordon, William Johnston and Lowden Snell, judges.] \nEdward Young \xe2\x80\x94 one white, sucking calf, and one pided calf; Patten \nstock, certificate. Thomas Jenkins \xe2\x80\x94 one black and white calf, by \nhis bull Tom Jones. A. W. Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 one red calf (Teeswater), by \nhis bull Durock ; dam Lady San Martin, premium. Eli E. Bass \xe2\x80\x94 \none pided calf. Thomas Jenkins \xe2\x80\x94 one milch cow ; Patten stock. \nEdward Young \xe2\x80\x94 one milch cow; Patten stock, certificate. A. W. \nRollins \xe2\x80\x94 one cow. Lady San Martin ; Durham, Teeswater and Miller \nstock, premium. William Stone \xe2\x80\x94 one year old bull; Durham and \nPatten stock, premium. Thomas Jenkins \xe2\x80\x94 one year old heifer, by \nOscar, dam by San Martin, certificate. A. W. Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 two year old \nheifer, by Duroek ; dam common stock of Missouri. D. M. Hick- \nman \xe2\x80\x94 one two year old bull ; scrub stock, certificate. E. E. Bass \xe2\x80\x94 \none two year old cow ; Short Horn stock, premium. Thomas Jen- \nkins \xe2\x80\x94 bull, Tom Jones, by a short-horned bull ; dam by San Martin, \npremium. A. W. Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 bull, Durock; a full-blooded, short- \nhorned and Teeswater bull ; dam Sportsman, certificate. D; M. \nHickman \xe2\x80\x94 bullock, certificate. Christopher Morrow \xe2\x80\x94 one bullock,, \npremium. \n\n^ MULES. \n\n[William Maupin, A. W. Rollins and William Stone, judges.] \nPhilip Barnes one sucking mule, four feet seven and a half inches \nhigh, premium. D. M.Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 one sucking mule, by Washing- \nton, premium. D. M. Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 one two year old mule, premium. \nD. M. Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 mule, certificate. E. E. Bass \xe2\x80\x94 mule, premium. \n\nHORSES. \n\n[J. J. Cotton, Sinclair Kirtley and T. C. Maupin, judges.] John \nLampton \xe2\x80\x94 one sucking horse colt by Potomac ; dam by Prince Richard,, \npremium. Benj. Barns \xe2\x80\x94 one sorrel horse colt, by Black Whip; dam \nby Diomede. James Sims \xe2\x80\x94 one black mare colt, by Black Whip; \ndam by Lamplighter, certificate. Thomas W. Conyers \xe2\x80\x94 one bay \nmare colt, by Sir Charles; dam by Sumpter. Edward Young \xe2\x80\x94 one \nbrood mare, by Comet; dam by Buzzard. John Lampton \xe2\x80\x94 brood \n\n\n\n< \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 205 \n\nmare, by Prince Eichard, premium. Benj. Barns \xe2\x80\x94 brood mare, by \nDiomede. James Sims \xe2\x80\x94 brood mare, by Lamplighter, certificate. \nPeter Wright \xe2\x80\x94 brood mare Caroline Sanders, by Timoleon. D. M. \nHickman \xe2\x80\x94 brood mare, by imported Spread Eagle. Thomas W. Con- \nyers \xe2\x80\x94 brood mare, by Sumpter. \n\nYEARLING COLTS. \n\nOrris Miller \xe2\x80\x94 sorrel stud, by Clinton ; dam by Buzzard. James \nSinis \xe2\x80\x94 sorrel mare, by Black Whip. Theodorick Jenkins \xe2\x80\x94 black \nstud, by Trumpeter, certificate. John B. Gordon \xe2\x80\x94 bay mare, by \nGeorgian, premium. D. M. Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 horse. Elisha Hill \xe2\x80\x94 bay \nfilly. David Gordon \xe2\x80\x94 sorrel filly, by Bolivar; dam by Emperor. \nW. S. Burch \xe2\x80\x94 grey stud, by Georgian. \n\nTWO YEAR OLD HORSES. \n\nFletcher Wright \xe2\x80\x94 sorrel filly, by Koanoke ; dam by Hazzard, pre- \nmium. Orris Miller \xe2\x80\x94 sorrel filly, by Instructor, certificate. D. M. \nHickman \xe2\x80\x94 black filly, by Black Whip. \n\nSADDLE HORSES. \n\nJesse Turner \xe2\x80\x94 bay horse. John Garnett \xe2\x80\x94 bay horse. E. E. \nBass \xe2\x80\x94 black horse, premium. Peter Wright \xe2\x80\x94 gi\'ey mare. David \nGordon \xe2\x80\x94 bay mare, certificate. \n\nSTALLIONS. \n\nPhilip Barns \xe2\x80\x94 Black Whip, premium. David M. Hickman \xe2\x80\x94 Jack \nDowning, by Georgian. Barns & Jenkins \xe2\x80\x94 Mazeppa, by Saxe Wei- \nmar; dam by Buzzard, certificate. \n\nThis is the first exhibition of the kind that has ever taken place in \nthe State, and was attended by a great number of persons, who mani- \nfested unusual interest. The stock exhibited would bear a comparison \nwith any of our older sister States, and from the spirit of improve- \nment evinced by our stock raisers, Missouri will, in a few years, be a \nconspicuous rival. \n\nThe size, form, blood and condition of the stock shown, far sur- \npassed the expectations of the community. To see a sucking colt, \nbroke to all the domestic uses of man, dressed off with the gay attire \nof a stallion, and plated and trained as the courser, is a novelty in our \n\n\n\n206 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncountry. The ball of improvement is rolling through our country^ \nand it is the duty of every farmer to add his force to give it impetus. \nThe society is open for any citizen in the State at five dollars per \nannum. \n\nAbraham J. Williams, President. \n\nA. W. Turner, Secretary. \nOctober 21, 1835. \n\ntrial and conviction of conway, a negro man, for the murder \n\nof israel b. grant. \n\nAfter dark on the night of December 29, 1835, when returning to \nhis home in Callaway county from Fulton, on horseback, Israel B. \nGrant, a leading and much esteemed citizen of that county, was by a \nblow from behind a tree in the road knocked from his horse, stabbed \nwith a pocket knife and killed, and his body dragged into the woods \nand a log rolled on it. The murder excited the greatest commotion \nand no effort was left unemployed to bring the guilty parties to \njustice, \n\nSuspicion soon fastened upon several slaves in the neighborhood^ \namong them Conway, a negro man belonging to Francis K. Cowherd^ \nand Jake belonging to Mr. Grant, upon whose clothes blood was \nfound and in his pocket $25. Conway and Jake were indicted for \nmurder at the February, 1836, term of the Callaway Circuit Court \nand arraio;ned for trial. Jake turned State\'s evidence. Officers of the \ncourt: David Todd, Judge; John Coats, Sheriff; James Baskett, \nClerk. Sinclair Kirtley, of Columbia, appeared as counsel for Con- \nway, and the State was represented by R. W. Wells, Attorney- \nGeneral. Owing to the excitement in Callaway, Conway took a \nchange of venue to Boone county, and Judge Todd convened a special \nterm of the court for his trial at Columbia, February 29, 1836. Mr. \nWells, the Attorney-General, being absent, Austin A. King and Wm. \nH. Russell were assigned by the court to prosecute. The following \njury tried the case : James Hopper, foreman ; Jesse Whitesides, \nHenry L. Douglass, Greenbury Jacobs, Daniel Lyons, Edward Jar- \nman, Adam C. Reyburn, Levi Bennett, John Caruthers, Wm. Y\xc2\xbb \nHitt, Merritt Stephenson, Samuel Morrow. James S. Rollins was \nthe principal counsel for the defence, and, although a young man, de- \nlivered an argument of great eloquence and ability and one which is \nyet remembered for its remarkable power and beauty. The trial \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 207 \n\nlasted for several days and the jury finding a verdict of guilty, Con- \nway was sentenced to be hung at Fulton, on April 8, 1836, and on \nthat day he was hung \xe2\x80\x94 protesting his innocence to the last \xe2\x80\x94 by Mr. \nCoats, the sheriff. Jake was afterwards tried, convicted and hung. \nMany people now believe Conway was innocent. \n\nTHE FLORIDA WAR. \n\n" Switzler\'s History of Missouri " says : " The Florida or Seminole \nwar grew out of the opposition of the Seminole Indians to their \nremoval from Florida west of the Mississippi Eiver. This attempt \nwas first made in 1835, but the Seminoles were unwilling to relinquish \ntheir lands, and rallying under the leadership of their great chief, \nOsceola, organized a determined resistance to the efforts of the Gen- \neral Government. In May, 1836, the Creeks joined the Seminoles and \nthe war spread into Georgia. The Creeks were soon conquered and \nsent beyond the Mississippi. The Seminoles continued the war, and \nas often as defeated in the open field would take refuge in the swamps \nand everglades, where it was difficult for the United States soldiers \nto follow them. In October, 1837, Osceola was captured by General \nJessup, and sent a prisoner to Fort Moultrie, South Carolina, where \nhe died of a fever. Nevertheless, the war continued for several years, \nand Missourians took part in it. \n\nSometime in the fall of 1837, and during the administration of \nGovernor Boggs, the President of the United States, Mr. Van Buren, \nasked Colonel Benton, one of our Senators in Congress, whether \nMissourians could be induced to travel so far as the swamps of Florida \nand assist in chastising the Seminole Indians. Colonel Benton an- \nswered : "The Missourians will go wherever their services are \nneeded," and went immediately to Joel K,. Poinsett, then Secretary \nof War, and urged him to issue an order for raising volunteers in \nMissouri for that purpose. The Secretary being assured of a favora- \nble response, issued a requisition on Governor Boggs, for two regi- \nments of mounted volunteers. The following is a copy (made from \nthe original) of the letter of the Secretary of War to Colonel Richard \nGentry, of Columbia: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWar Department, September 8th, 1837. \n\nSir : \xe2\x80\x94 You are hereby informed that a regiment of six hundred volunteers from the \n\nState of Missouri will be accepted by this Department, for service in Florida, during \n\nthe next campaign against the Seminoles, provided they can be raised by you in season \n\nto reach Tampa Bay by the middle of October, or the 1st of November, at latest.- \n\n\n\n208 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nGeneral Atkinson has been instructed to dispatch an officer of the army to muster \nthese troops into the service, and to render such other aid as may be necessary to ex- \npedite tlieir movements towards Florida. \n\nVery respectfully, your most obedient servant, \n\nJ. E. Poinsett. \nColonel Gentry, Columbia, Boone County, Missouri. \n\nThe first regiment was raised chiefly in Boone and neighboring \ncounties by Colonel Gentry, of which he was elected Colonel, John \nW. Price, of Howard, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Harrison H. Hughes, \n\nalso of Howard, Major ; Parks, of Ray, Quartermaster, and \n\nWilliam McDaniel, of Marion, (\'ommissary. The regiment was \ncomposed of the following companies : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nFrom Boone County : Captains John Ellis and Thomas D. Grant ; \nCallaway, Captain William H. Russell; Howard, Captain Congreve \nJackson ; Chariton, Captain James Flore ; Ray, Captain John Sconce ; \nJackson, Captain Jas. Chiles ; Marion, Captain John Curd. \n\nFour companies of the second regiment were also raised and \nattached to the first. Two of these companies were composed of \nDeleware and Osage Indians. \n\nCAPTAIN ELLIS\' COMPANY. \n\nThe following is a partial list of the officers and privates of Capt. \nEllis\' company. We have made every eftbrt, but without success, to \nget the names of all of them : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nJohn Ellis, Captain ; Clifton R. Harris, First Lieutenant ; William \nGordon, Second Lieutenant ; Richard Snell, First Sergeant; John M. \nHarris, Second Sergeant ; Samuel Davis, Third Sergeant : Alfred \nKeene, Fourth Sergeant ; James Jones, First Corporal ; John Hopper, \nSecond Corporal ; Lewis Jones, Third Corporal ; Archibald Johnston, \nFourth Corporal. Privates : William Little, Calvin Little, John \nGreen, John R. Basnett, John H. Hopper, James E. Hopper, James \nC. Hopper, Newton Wilcox, Charles Stei)hens, John Holland, Mont. \nTrimble, John McGinnis, Jeptha Haydon, Joseph Hickam, John \nNealy, Robert Carter, D.\'W. Holt, Thos. Nichols, O. P. Jones, John \nRoberts, William Smith, David GrindstafF, Thomas Jefferson, Fred- \nerick Bittle, Joseph Anthony, William Martin, Guinn, William \n\nH. Belcher, John Senoir, James K. McDaniel, Alexander Hickam, \nJohn Tilford, Hunt. \n\nOn October 6, 1837, Col. Gentry\'s regiment left Columbia for the \nfield of danger and duty, but before taking their departure were pre- \nsented by the ladies of Columbia with a beautiful regimental flag, the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 209 \n\npresentation address being made by Miss Lucy Ann Wales, a very \ncultivated and accomplished lady, at that time preceptress of Columbia \nFemale Academy. The flag was borne by the regiment throughout the \ncampaign in Florida, and floated at its head in battle, and after its re- \nturn to Missouri was delivered to the widow of Colonel Gentry, Octo- \nber 26, 1842, by Captain William Henry Russell, and it is now hi the \npossession of Thomas B. Gentry, of Columbia. \n\nAfter the regiment left Columbia, they marched by land to Jeffer- \nson Barracks, below St. Louis, where they were detained for several \ndays and were addressed by Hon. Thomas H. Benton. They were \nthere mustered into service by General Henry Atkinson, the comman- \nder of this department. They were taken by boats from there to \nJackson Barracks, New Orleans, from which point they were trans- \nported in brigs across the gulf to Tampa Bay, Florida. \n\nMr. Elihu H. Shepard, in his " Early History of St. Louis and Mis- \nsouri," says that on the voyage they were overtaken by a violent storm \nand several of the vessels stranded. Many horses were lost, but no \nlives, and they disembarked on the 15th of November at the place of \ndestination. On the 1st of December they received orders from Gen- \neral Zachary Taylor, then commanding in Florida, to march to Okee- \ncho-bee Lake, one hundred and thirty-five miles inland by the route \ntravelled, in the vicinity of which the whole force of the Seminoles \nwas said to have collected, under their four most redoubtable leaders, \nSam Jones, Tiger Tail, Alligator and Mycanopee, prepared for \nbattle. \n\nHaving reached the Kissemmee River, seventy miles distant, the \ncavalry scouts captured several Indians who were guarding grazing \nstock, by which the Colonel learned the Indians were near at hand ; \nand immediately crossing the river, he formed the Missouri volunteers \nin front and advanced, supporting them at a proper distance by the \nregular army on either flank. \n\nThe Indians appeared to have noticed all the surroundings of the \nplace, and commenced the attack at the point affording them the best \nposition for prolonging a battle, and continued it with a pertinacity \nthey seldom exhibit. \n\nColonel Gentry fought on foot, as did all his command, and had re- \npulsed the Indians after several hours of severe fighting. He was \ngradually pushing them across a swamp, and had nearly reached the \ndry soil, when a bullet pierced his abdomen, inflicting a fatal wound. \nHe knew its extent, yet he stood erect an hour afterwards, and \n14 \n\n\n\n210 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncheered his men to victory ; until at last being compelled to yield, \nhe was borne from the fight and expired the same night. \n\nThe fall of their leader did not relax the exertions of the Missoii- \nrians. They made good all their Senator had said of them, and \ncontinued to fight several hours longer, until the Indians were en- \ntirely vanquished. The loss in killed and wounded was one hundred \nand thirty-eight, most of whom were Missourians. \n\nThere being no further service required of the Missourians, they \nwere returned to their homes early in 1838, and the name and fame of \nColonel Gentry placed where it will never perish. His remains, as \nwell as those of Captain VanSwearingen and Lieutenants Brooke and \nCenter, 6th Regular United States Infantry, were afterwards brought \nto Jefferson Barracks and buried. The County of Gentry, organized \nFebruary 12th, 1841, was named in honor of his memory.^ \n\nThe okcial report to the War Department by General Zachary Tay- \nlor, U. S. A., in regard to the battle of Okeechobee, occasioned much \nexcitement and adverse criticism in Missouri, because it was claimed \nthat he not only did great injustice to the Missouri Volunteers under \nColonel Gentry, but that on one occasion he treated Colonel Gentry \nhimself with a degree of insulting hardship and violence wholly un- \nmerited by that gallant officer. Therefore, during the session of the \n\n\n\n1 The following is a copy of a letter^written from Brigadier-General Heury Atliiuson, \n\nU. S. Army, to Mrs. Ann Gentry, widow of Colonel Gentry, in regard to the receipt and \n\ninterment of his remains : \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nSt. Louis, 7th May, 1839. \n\nMy Dear Madam : \xe2\x80\x94I have the satisfaction to inform you that I have received the \nremains of the late Major-General Gentry, your lamented husband, from Florida, min- \ngled in the same box with the remains of Captain VanSwearingen and Lieutenants \nBrooke and Center, 6th Regiment U. S. Infantry. The whole will be this day taken \nfrom the box and placed in a suitable coffin and carried to the Episcopal Church, where, \nat half-past two o\'clock, the funeral service will be peformed by the reverend clergy ; \nafter which all appropriate military honors will take place by the military and civil \nauthorities of the city. The remains will then be taken to Jefferson Barracks, where \nthey will be deposited for final interment as soon as the 6th Regiment returns to that \npost. It is intended to inter all the remains in the same grave, over which a monu- \nment, with suitable inscriptions, will be erected. \n\nI hope this disposition of the remains of Major-General Gentry will be agreeable to \nyou and your family. It would now be difficult, if not impossible, to designate the \nremains of either individual; therefore, should you wish to have the General\'s bones, \nit would be impossible, I think, to select them. \n\nWith the kindest regards, madam, I am, most respectfully, \nYour most obedient servant, \n\nH. ATKINSON, Brigadier-General U. S. Army. \nMrs. Gentry, relict of the late Major-General Gentry, Columbia, Mo. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 211 \n\nLegislature of 1838-9, a special committee was appointed, David R. \nAtchison, chairman, to investigate the facts and make report of them \nto the General Assembly. T^^his committee caused about tvs^enty of \nthe officers of the Missouri Volunteers, who had served in the Florida \ncampaign, to be examined before them, among whom were individuals \nwho were engaged during the battle in every part of the line, and oth- \ners who were posted at the baggage on the opposite side of the \nswamp. \n\nAfter the examination of these witnesses, Mr. Atchison made a \nreport, in which it was maintained that General Taylor\'s report did \nthe Missouri troops great injustice ; among other reasons because it \ncharged that the Missouri Volunteers mostly broke and fell back to \nthe baggage, and that the repeated efforts of his Aids could not rally \nthem. \n\nMr. Atchison\'s report states, in substance, that the battle commenced \nbetween nine and ten o\'clock a. m., December 25th, 1837; that the \nMissouri Volunteers first attacked the enemy, led the charge, and bore \nthe brunt of the battle along the whole line ; that they had to march \nthrough a deep, miry swamp for about half a mile in order to approach \nthe Indians, who were concealed in the edge of the hummock ready to \nreceive them, on ground which they had chosen and prepared for that \npurpose ; that the Indians were protected by the heavy timber and \nthick underbrush, while the Volunteers, mostly unsupported by the \nRegulars, were exposed in open line, uncovered, in the swamp, stand- \ning up to their knees in mud and water, when they received the first \ndeadly fire of the enemy. Nevertheless, they fought bravely till the \nheat of the battle was over, and it was principally by their fire that \nthe Indians were first dispersed. Although a large number of the \nVolunteers were killed or wounded by a concealed enemy, they, hero- \nically stood their ground or pressed forward to the attack, until the \nhummock was taken and the victory gained. None of the witnesses \nexamined knew of any attempt on the part of General Taylor\'s staff \nto rally the Volunteers, or of any necessity for such attempt ; and the \nfact is established that after the heat of the battle was over, a consid- \nerable portion of the Volunteers, instead of being dispatched in pur- \nsuit of the retreating enemy, were, by order of the Regular officers, \ndetailed to make a causeway across the swamp, upon which to carry \nout the dead and wounded. To the committee, it was manifest that \nGeneral Taylor entertained strong prejudice against the Volunteers, \nand a most contemptuous opinion of that description of troops, and \n\n\n\n212 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthey reported it probable that, owing to this prejudice, he could not \ndo justice to the Volunteers from Missouri. Also, that "Colonel \nGentry fell at the head of his troops, in a manner worthy of the com- \nmander of Volunteers, and the conduct of the Volunteer officers and \nsoldiers generally was such as ought to have elicited praise and com- \nmendation, instead of censure and reproach." \n\nThe committee concluded their report by recommending the adop- \ntion of the following joint resolutions : \n\n1st. Besolved, by the Senate and House of Bepresentatives, that the conduct of the \nMissouri Volunteers and spies, in the Florida campaign, was such as only could be \nexpected from good soldiers and brave men. \n\n2d. Besolved, that so much of Colonel Z. Taylor\'s report of the battle of Okeechobee, \nwhich charges that the Missouri Volunteers and spies mostly broke and fell back to the \nbaggage, and that the repeated efforts of his staff could not rally them, is proved to be \nunfounded, not to say intentionaUij false, and, that so much of said report which states \nthat the Kegular troops were joined by Captain Gilliam and Lieutenant Blakey with a \nfew men, but not until they had suffered severely, is incorrect in this, \xe2\x80\x94 that Gilliam \nand Blakey were in advance of the Regular troops during the most of the fight and never \nin the rear. \n\n3d. Besolved, that so much of said report which states that the Missouri Volunteers \nand spies behaved themselves as well or better than troops of that description usually \ndo, is not so much a compliment to them as a slander upon citizen soldiers generally. \n\n4th. Besolved, that Colonel Taylor in his report of the battle of Okeechobee, has done \nmanifest injustice to the Missouri Volunteers and spies, and that said report was not \nfounded upon facts as they occurred. \n\n5th. Besolved, that a commanding officer who has wantonly misrepresented the con- \nduct of men who gallantly sustained Mm in battle, is unworthy a commission in the \nArmy of the United States. \n\n6th. Besolved, that the Governor of the State be required to lay before the President \nof the United States, the evidence reported to this House, in relation to the conduct of \nthe Missouri Volunteers and spies in the Florida campaign, and Colonel Z. Taylor\'s \nreport of the battle of the Okeechobee, and that he solicit on the part of this State a \n\xe2\x96\xa0court of inquiry into the conduct of the Missouri Volunteers and spies, and the truth of \n:said report. \n\n7th. Besolved, that the Governor of the State be required to lay before the President \nof the United States, a statement of facts relative to the treatment of the spies under \n\xe2\x96\xa0Colonel Morgan and Captain Sconce : 1st. As it regards the fact of the organization of \nsaid command into a spy battalion, under the order of Colonel Taylor. 2d. His subse- \nquent acknowledgment and recognition of said corps. 3d. The performance of arduous \nduty by the officers of said battalion under the requisition of Colonel Taylor. 4th. \nTheir subsequent discharge as privates and the pay that they received as such. 5th. \nThe necessity of adopting some course to obtain redress. \n\nThe resolutions passed both houses of the Legislature unanimously, \nand there the matter rested, no court of inquiry having been called by \nthe President of the United States to investigate the truth of Colonel \nTaylor\'s report. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 213 \n\n\n\nTHE MORMON WAR. \n\n\n\nThe smoke of the Florida war had scarcely receded from view \nbefore an insurrection within the borders of our own State incited the \nmartial spirit of our people, and they flew to arms to punish and drive \nfrom the State the Mormons, under their Prophet, Joe Smith. \n\nAfter their expulsion, in 1834, from Jackson County, they flocked \nin large numbers into counties north of the Missouri River, but chiefly \ninto the new county of Caldwell, where John Whitmer and a few others \nhad selected a site for a new town and lands for a new home for the \nSaints. The town was called "Far West," and Joe Smith and his \nchief officers located there, and assured their followers that it would \nsoon become one of the mighty cities of the world. \n\nThe old town site is now in the midst of a corn-field, which consti- \ntutes part of a tract of land belonging to Col. Calvin F. Burns, of \nSt. Joseph, and is situated about eight miles southwest of Hamilton \nand about the same distance southeast of Cameron. About half a \nmile west of the town is the burying-ground of the Mormons. It is \nnow included within the limits of a farm owned by Mr. Peter L. Boul- \nton, a brother of Judge Jesse A. Boulton, of Boone County. Here \nare some two or three hundred graves, all more or less obliterated, \nwith scarcely an occasional rude headstone to mark the presence of a \nonce sacredly-guarded, but long-forsaken and forgotten village of the \ndead. \n\nBut perhaps the most interesting relic of the times of which we \nwrite is the former residence of Joseph Smith, the Mormon prophet, \nand founder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. It \nis a rude, old-fashioned, one-story frame building, with two rooms, \nsituated about a quarter ot a mile southwest of the temple site, which \nwas in the middle of the town. An unusually large and clumsy stone \nchimnev at the north end of the buildino; is its distino-uishino; cliarac- \nteristic. Otherwise the structure is an exceedingly ordinary and com- \nmon-place building, suggestive of anything rather than the residence \nof the founder of a mighty sect whose wonderful rise and progress \nconstitute an era in the history of Missouri. \n\nUnder the influence of their missionaries, who were canvassing all \nthe Eastern States and many parts of Europe, the young city of Far \nWest promised much. Converts settled all over the county, and \nespecially along the streams and belts of timber. Farm houses sprang \nup as if by magic, and the wilderness was in a few months transformed \n\n\n\n214 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ninto an industrious and promising community. Their settlements ex- \ntended into Livingston, Daviess and Clinton Counties, but Far West, \ntheir only town, was their commercial centre, and became their county \nseat. In 1837, the Mormons began work on what was intended to be \none of the most magnificent temples in the United States. \n\nThe town was laid out in blocks 396 feet square, and the streets \nwere on a grand scale. The four principal avenues were each 132 feet \nwide, and all the others 821 feet wide. These diverged at right angles \nfrom a public square in the centre, designed as the site of a grand \ntemple, which, however, was never built. In 1837, the cellar under \nthe prospective temple was dug. The excavation, 120 by 80 feet in \narea, and 4 or 5 feet deep, was accomplished in about one-half of a \nday, more than 500 men being employed in the work, with no other \nmeans of removing the earth than hand-barrows. It is generally \nbelieved that on the 4th of July following, which was duly observed \nas a national holiday, the corner-stone of the temple was laid. This, \nhowever, is a mistake. \n\nThe prosperity of the Mormon settlement had drawn thither many \ngood and industrious men, and also many desperadoes and thieves, \nwho soon obtained full sway in their councils. They boldly declared \nthat "the Lord had given the earth and the fulness thereof to His \npeople," and that they were " His people," and consequently had the \nright to take whatsoever they pleased from the Gentiles. In pursu- \nance of this declaration, bands of the more lawless of them strolled \nabout the country, taking what they pleased. As they largely out- \nnumbered the Gentiles, and as the county officers were mostly Mor- \nmons, they were enabled to act with impunity, until their lawless \ncourse excited the indignation of the other settlers, who, not being \nable to obtain justice in a lawful manner, also resorted to mob vio- \nlence and retaliation in kind, until many a dark and bloody deed was \nperpetrated on both sides. \n\nIn 1838 the discord became so great, and the clamor for the expul- \nsion of the Mormons from the State so imperative, that Governor \nBoggs issued a proclamation, ordering Major-General David R. \nAtchison to call out the militia of his division to put down the insur- \ngents and enforce the laws. He called out a part of the 1st brigade \nof the Missouri State Militia, under command of General Alexander \nW. Doniphan, who proceeded at once to the seat of war. The militia \nwere placed under the command of General John B. Clark of Howard \nCounty. The Mormon forces numbering about 1,000 men, were led \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 215 \n\nby G. W. Hinkle. The first skirmish took place at Crooked River, \nin the Southwestern part of the county, where David Patten \xe2\x80\x94 " Cap- \ntain Fear-not," as he called himself \xe2\x80\x94 the leader of the Danite Band \nor United Brothers of Grideon, was killed. But the principal engage- \nment was fought at Haughn\'s Mills, five miles south of the present site \nof Brecken ridge. The Mormons of the eastern portion of the county \nhad concentrated there and intrenched themselves in the mill and in \nthe blacksmith shop, where the militia numbering about 125 men, at- \ntacked and captured them. One militiaman was wounded and 18 of \nthe Mormons killed, \xe2\x80\x94 some of them after their surrender, \xe2\x80\x94 and \ntheir bodies were thrown into a neighboring well on a farm owned at \nthat time by Haughn. This land is now the property of James C. \nMcCrary, Esq., of Kingston, to whom it was sold for a St. Louis \nparty, by Nathan Cope, Esq., of Kingston. It was about fifteen \nand a half miles east of Far West. This bloody and sepulchral \nwell was filled up by Charles Ross, Esq., now a resident of Kings- \nton, who arrived on the spot just ten days after the tragic occur- \nrence. \n\nTwo regiments of volunteers were raised in Boone for the Mormon \nWar, but strange to record, both of them were destined to " snuff the \nbattle from afar." The first was commanded by Col. Thomas D. \nGrant; Lieut. -Col. Joel Hern;Maj. Stewart B. Hatton. Captains: \n\nJohn Ellis, James Brown, Colvin. This regiment was ordered to \n\n"the seat of war." \n\nAfterwards another regiment was raised with John Ellis as Colonel, \nJoel Hern, Lieut. -Colonel, and Stewart B. Hatton, Major, \n\nWhen the militia under Gen. Clark appeared at Far West, Octo- \nber. 1838, where the principal Mormon forces were gathered, Joe \nSmith surrendered, agreeing to Gen. Doniphan\'s conditions, viz. : \nThat they should deliver up their arms, surrender their prominent \nleaders for trial, and the remainder of the Mormons should, with their \nfamilies, leave the State. \n\nThe leaders were taken before a court of inquiry at Richmond, \nJudge Austin A. King presiding. He remanded them to Daviess \nCounty to await the action of the grand jury on a charge of treason \nagainst the State, and murder. The Daviess County jail being poor, \nthey were confined at Liberty. Indictments for various ofiences, \xe2\x80\x94 \ntreason, murder, robber}\', receiving stolen goods, arson, resisting \nlegal process, etc., \xe2\x80\x94 were found against Joe Smith, Hiram Smith \n(Joe Smith\'s brother), Sidney Rigdon, Lyman Wight, G. W, \n\n\n\niJlG HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHinkle, Caleb Baldwin, Parley P. Pratt, ^ Liunaii Gibbs, Maurice P. \nPhelps, King FoUett, Wm. Osborn, Arthur Morrison, Elias Higbee, J. \nWorthington, W. Yoorhees, Jacob Gates and others. Sidney Rigdon \nwas released on a writ of habeas corpus. The others requested a \nchange of venue and Judge King sent their cases to Boone County. \nOn their way to Columbia, under a military guard, Joe Smith es- \ncaped, by bribing the guard, as was geuerally believed. \n\nDuring the progress of a Fourth of July celebration in Columbia, in \n1839, which was attended by most of the citizens, P. P. Pratt knocked \ndown John M. Kelly, the jailor, when he opened the door to serve \nthem with dinner, and in company with Morris Phelps and King Fol- \nlet, escaped. Luman Gibbs chose to remain, although he, too, might \neasily have gone with the rest. Follet was re-captured, and together \nwith Gibbs, was afterwards tried before David Todd, circuit judge,^ \nand acquitted. Hon. J. S. Rollins, of Boone, and Gen. A. W. Doni- \nphan, of Clay, defended them. The indictments were dismissed \nagainst all the others, by Circuit Attorney James M. Gordon, at the \nAugust term of the court, 1840. \n\nJoe Smith and his brother Hiram, were shot and killed by a mob \nat the Carthage, Illinois, jail, in which they were confined on a charge \nof treason, on June 27, 1844. \n\nOrson Hyde died at Salt Lake City in December, 1878. \n\nOrson Pratt, one of the first members of the Mormon church, and \nthe oldest "Apostle," died in Salt Lake, October 3, 1881, aged \nseventy years. He was the best educated theologian among the \nMprmons. \n\nGov. Lilburn W. Boo;gs, during whose administration the Mormon \nwar occurred, died on his farm in Napa Valley, California, of dropsy \nof the heart, on March 14, 1860, in the sixty-third year of his age. \n\n\n\n^ Pratt was an Elder and a man of education. In 1856 he met a tragic death near \nEort Gibson, for full account of which see " Switzler\'s History of Missouri," page 250. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 217 \n\nCHAPTER lY. \n\nOUR EARLY COLLEGES AND ACADEMIES. \n\nBonne Femme Academy \xe2\x80\x94 Started in 1829 \xe2\x80\x94 First School for Young Ladies established \nin Columbia by Mrs. Peerce, in 1830 \xe2\x80\x94 School Books then in Use \xe2\x80\x94 Prof. Guernsey\'s \nEnglish and Classical Academy \xe2\x80\x94 Bear Creek Academy, by J. Coleman Boggs \xe2\x80\x94 \nColumbia College, the seed from which grew the State University \xe2\x80\x94 Columbia Fe- \nmale Academy \xe2\x80\x94 Opened in 1834, under Miss Lucy Ann Wales, and closed in 1856. \n\nBONNE FEMME ACADEMY. \n\nOne of the most distinguished and reputable institutions of learning \nin early times in Central Missouri was Bonne Femme Academy, It \nwas situated in a very prosperous and fertile agricultural region, about \nsix miles south of Columbia, on the north bank of the Bonne Femme \nCreek, from which the Academy derived its name. It was an academy \nfor males, and was first opened for the reception of students on the \nthird Monday of May, 1829, with Warren Woodson as teacher, among \nwhose pupils was Capt. Silas Bent, now a distinguished citizen of St. \nLouis. \n\nOn 25th of April, of that year, the trustees, namely: Mason Moss, \nWilliam Shields, Robert S. Barr, Anderson McPheters and Sinclair \nKirtley, gave notice in the Fayette Intelligencer \xe2\x80\x94 for Columbia then \nhad no newspaper \xe2\x80\x94 that they wished to employ an instructor to take \ncharge of the institution, on the day above named, " competent to \nteach reading, writing, arithmetick, grammar, geography, the mathe- \nmaticks, and some of the more ordinary branches of belle lettres." The \nschool house they described as *\' a very commodious brick building, \nwith two rooms of twenty-two feet square, situated in a healthy, \nhighly moral and very respected neighborhood ; possessing, perhaps, \nas many advantages for such an institution, and offering as many in- \nducements to boarders from a distance, as any in the country. \nTerms of tuition per year, to consist of two sessions of five and a-half \nmonths each: $8 for reading, writing and arithmetick; $12 for \ngrammar, geography, mathematicks, &c., and $18 for the Latin \nlanguage." \n\nThe trustees secured the services of Rev. Robert S. Thomas as \nprincipal instructor, and to the course of studies was added rhetoric, \nlogic, composition, declamation, natural and moral philosophy, chem- \n\n\n\n218 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nistry, astronomy and Greek. The trustees announced in an advertis- \nment that boarding could be had in respectable families near the \nacademy for $25 per session of five and a half months, " washing, \nfuel, and candles included," that is, about $1.13^/4 per weels. Among \nthe pupils of Mr. Thomas were Gen. Bela M. Hughes, now a distin- \nguished lawyer and politician of Denver, Col., and Mrs. James S. \nEollins and Mrs. George C. Pratt, of Columbia. \n\nMr. Thomas retiring from the charge of the control, the trustees \nplaced it in charge of Prof. Edward Summerfield, an accomplished \nscholar and apparently a cultured gentleman, but before the end of \nthe collegiate year a cloud obscured his fair name and he left for \nTexas. He was supposed to be an impostor, whose real name was \nWilliam Pinkney Hill. \n\nHe was succeeded by Prof. Joseph Bowers, of Paris, Mo. \n\nThe trustees, William Shields, David M. Hickman, Theodorick \nJenkins and John H. Field annnounced that the October session, \n1837, would open in charge of Prof. Oliver Cunningham, a graduate of \nWestern University, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and that they expected \nsoon to receive a large and well selected library, donated by the late \nLucian L. Wilson, formerly of Kentucky. \n\nBy an act of the Legislature approved December 27, 1838, the college \nwas incorporated, with Wm. Shields, Overton Harris, Theodorick \nJenkins, John H. Field, John Jacobs, Gilpin S. Tuttle and Waller L. \nWoolfolk as trustees, with power to perpetuate their own body, to \npurchase lands for its use, and to confer the usual literary degrees. \n\nThe fall session for 1839 was opened with Prof. Cunningham still \nin charge. Trustees : William Shields, Gilpin S. Tuttle, Overton \nHarris, Th. Jenkins, J. H. Field, D. M. Hickman, W. L. Wool- \nfolk, and Thos. C. Maupin. \n\nThe session for the next year, commencing the first Tuesday in \nNovember, 1840, opened with Prof. Cunningham, with the addition \nof Prof. John Roche, of Transylvania University, filling the chair of \nGreek, Latin and French. Austin Bradford succeeds W. L. Woolfolk \non the Board of Trustees. \n\nDavid S. Lamme appears as one of the trustees in the fall session \nfor 1841, which was opened under Profs. Roche and Cunningham. \n\nDisao-reements arising; between Profs. Roche and Cunningham and \na portion of the trustees, on account of Prof. Roche\'s intemperate \nhabits, Prof. Roche withdrew from the institution, and resolved to \nestablish an independent school on the Two-mile Prairie, in the neigh- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 219 \n\n"borhood of Capt. Peter Wright and William Robards, to be called the \n^\' Classical Institute." This enterprise did not succeed. \n\nProf. George C. Pratt, who is now (1882) one of the Railroad \n\xe2\x96\xa0Commissioners of the State, was elected to fill the chair in Bonne \nFerame College made vacant by the retirement of Prof. Roche, and \ncontinued to occupy it until 1843, when he resigned to accept the \nchair of Ancient Languages in the State University. Mr. Lynn had \ncharge of the preparatory department. \n\nDuring the period Profs. Cunningham, Roche and Pratt were in- \nstructors in the college there were, among other pupils, the following : \nEld. Winthrop H. Hopson, now a distinguished minister of the \n\xe2\x80\xa2Christian Church; John T. Hughes, author of "Doniphan\'s Expedi- \ntion," and who was killed at the battle at Independence, August 11, \n1862 ; Frank Hughes, his brother ; Dr. Abner Gore, of Paris ; Joseph \n\xe2\x96\xa0S. Hughes, of Richmond ; George Parker, of St. Louis ; the late \nProf. Wm. C. Shields and Miss Mary Barr Jenkins, now the wife of \nex-Go V. C. H. Hardin. \n\nIn the Columbia Patriot of October 16, 1841, " Visitor" gives an \naccount of the examination and exhibition at the college, from which \nwe make this extract : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nMr. Wm. H. Kobinson read a poem on American Independence of a very creditable \n\xe2\x80\xa2character, and one that showed tliat by practice he can write excellent poetry, for the \nnative vein is there. Mr. John T. Hughes spoke a Latin address that gave out much \nof the Ciceronian tone, and did great credit to the writer. \n\nThe beautiful Seine flows not with more majestic fulness and ease by the refined \n\xe2\x80\xa2capital of the French than Telemachus, Charles XII. and Barbaroux\'s History of the \nUnited States were read by Miss Laura Shields, Mr. James White, of Fayette, Mr. \nJohn Chappell and Mr. Jno. T. Hughes. \n\nThe Greek language, which unfortunately is not rendered as prominent in most of \nour Western colleges as its intrinsic merits deserve, was on this occasion splendidly \nsustained by Mr. J. J. Harvey, of Saline, and Miss Mary B. Jenkins. Mr. Harvey read \nportions of the Greek Eeader selected by a young gentleman, a student of the Univer- \nisity of Missouri, and analyzed the same in a masterly manner. \n\nMiss Jenkins read parts of the Greek Testament, named at haphazard by a gentle- \nman in the audience, and went through the labyrinth of the Greek verb, not as by the \naid of a borrowed clue, but as if nature had formed her another Ariadne. I was also \nforcibly struck with the extraordinary ease, the lucid diction, and the inimitable taste \nwith which Miss Jenkins read Cicero. \n\nMost of the compositions of the young gentlemen had to be omitted for want of \ntime. Among those read, that of Mr. Franklin Hughes stood prominent in all the \nqualities of fine writing. In truth, there are few men of any age, perhaps, in the Union \ncan do more justice with the pen to any subject he handles than this young gentle- \nman. \n\nI cannot close these hasty remarks without referring to the young ladies\' composi- \n\n\n\n220 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntions. Those of Misses C. Jenkins, M. P. Harris and M. J. Tuttle were, considering" \nthe age of tlie writers, uncommonly fine. \n\nMiss Laura Sliields\'s, "On Imagination" was a piece of exquisite poetry in prose, \ndressed in "Orient pearls" not "at random flung," but worked by some superior \npower into a brilliant and dazzling specimen of intellectual mosaic. \n\nMiss Mary B. Jenkins\'s, " On the Evidences of the Christian Religion " was, as usual \nwith her, incomparable in reasoning, taste and style. To compliment any of her pro- \nductions looks like "gilding refined gold, or painting the lily." \n\nFIRST SCHOOL FOR YOUNG LADIES. \n\nColumbia now boasts, and for many years has been proud, of two \nlarge colleges for young ladies, the buildings and appliances of either of \nwhich no doubt cost more money than every school house in Boone \ncounty was worth at the time of the establishment, in the fall of \n1830, of the first school for young ladies iu Columbia. Mrs. H. T. \nPeerce established the first female school in the county of Boone, and \nin an advertisement she issued, March 5, 1831, gave notice of a re- \nopening of her school, about the 20th of that month, in which she pro- \nposed to teach " Spelling, Eeading, Writing, English Grammar, and \nGeography, together with plain and ornamental needle work, paint- \ning water colors, body colors, and oil." Where was located thi\xc2\xbb \nhumble beginning of the magnificent results which others among u\xc2\xbb \nhave since achieved in this direction, we do not know; most probably \nin one of the rooms of her own residence, which yet stands, a two- \nstory log house, weather boarded, facing north, on the lot occupied by \nMr. Loeb\'s residence. \n\nTEXT-BOOKS IN USE IN COLUMBIA SCHOOL. \n\nTorrey\'s Primer, Torrey\'s Pleasing Companion for Little Girls and \nBoys. Torrey\'s Moral Instructor and Guide to Virtue. Smiley\'s \nGeography, Smiley\'s Arithmetic, Smiley\'s United States Speaker. \nGrimshaw\'s History of the United States. \n\nCOLUMBIA ENGLISH AND CLASSICAL ACADEMY. \n\nAmong the early educational institutions of Columbia was one with \nthe above name, established in 1832 by Lyman Guernsey, A. M. : \nSuperintendent, W. M. Kern, assistant. Mr. Guernsey was a man of \neducation and a Christian gentleman, who was highly esteemed by all \nwho knew him, Nevertheless his academy was not a permanent insti- \ntution. What became of him we are not informed. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 221 \n\n"BEAR CREEK ACADEMY." \n\nIn 1834 J. Coleman Boggs, brother of Lilburn W. Boggs, estab- \nlished at Bear Creek Church, one mile north of Columbia, a school, \nwhich he called " Bear Creek Academy," and in which were taught \nthe usual English branches and book-keeping and surveying. Among \nhis scholars in grammar and geography were Alonzo Richardson, \nCornelius and Samuel Maupin, John B. and Younger J, Williams. \nTrustees of the Academy, Alex. Persinger, Riley Slocum, Andrew \nSpencer, William Rowland, Wm. Maupin, and Jacob Hover. \n\nCOLUMBIA COLLEGE \xe2\x80\x94 THE SEED FROM WHICH GREW THE STATE \n\nUNIVERSITY. \n\nIt can be demonstrated as a historical truth that the seed which \nfinally produced the State University, was planted in Columbia by a \npublic meeting at the Court House, held on Tuesday evening, August \n9, 1831, "for the purpose of adopting a plan for the purchasing of a site \nfor a seminary in the town of Columbia, and for the purpose of adopt- \ning some measures to have the same improved, by building an academy \nthereon." Robert S. Barr was chairman, and Austin A. King sec- \nretary of this meeting, which appointed Robert S. Barr, Oliver Parker \nand James B. Nichols, a committee to draft a plan and select a \nsite for said building, and to ascertain the probable cost thereof; and \nto make report to an adjourned meeting to be held on the 19th of \nAugust. John B. Gordon, Esq., was announced to speak at the meet- \ning on the subject of education. \n\nWhat this meeting did, if held, we have no means of knowing, for \nin those days there were not, as now, newspaper editors and reporters \non every corner with note-books in hand ready to catch the shadow \nof everything before the substance flies. The proceedings were not \npublished, but a communication in the Intelligencer of August 27, an- \nnounces, " with feelings of sincere gratulations and conscious pride," \n^\' the liberality manifested by our citizens toward this noble object ; " \nalso the large portion of the sum required to erect the building for \n"The College" had been subscribed and that the balance would be \nobtained in a few days. Forecasting the future with the truth of pro- \nphesy this correspondent maintained that "this institution will be \nproductive of more and greater direct, positive advantages to the \ntown and county generally than any other public institution that could \nbe established here with the same amount of money and labor. In \n\n\n\n222 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\na pecuniary point of view, it will be advantageous by enhancing the \nvalue of other property and by affording to jDarents all the facilities \nfor giving their children as good an education at home as can be \nobtained by sending them abroad, and at a cost greatly diminished." \n\nContinuing he says: "In reference to the collateral, remote and \ncontingent beneficial consequences that may result from this institu- \ntion to this county, this State, the United States, and to the world at \nlarge, in this and throughout all future ages, I have but little to say. \nThe character and degree of influence that may be exercised by it on \nhuman society can not be calculated or easily conjectured." \n\nThose who will take the trouble to note the progress of events and \nto mark the consequences which have resulted to the people of this \ncounty from the establishment of this institution of learning will be \ncurious to know the name of "A Friend to Education" who thus \nearly in the history of our institutions of learning gave evidence of \nsuch truly prophetic philosophy. \n\nIn a subsequent number of the Intelligencer (Sept. 10, 1831), \n" Philomathise " presented, among others, the pecuniary advan- \ntages of " The College " to the people of Boone county, and for the \nfirst time reminded them of the fact that the day was not distant \nwhen subject of the establishment of "a State college" (as he calls it) \nwould be agitating the Legislature ; and that he had every reason to \nbelieve it would be located in that village, centrally located, " wliere \nthe solicitude and anxiety has been manifested in the cause of litera- \nture." He also exhorted our people to use " every honorable exer- \ntion to fix the location of the State College in Columbia, which would \nnot only add to our peace and jjleasure at home, but to our dignity \nand respectability abroad." " Philomathige " is another prophet. \n\nTo show that the pecuniary advantages of the location or establish- \nment of a literary institution in Columbia would be immense, he main- \ntains that it would be safe to say " there are in Boone County thirty \nparents who will give at least one son each a liberal education," which \nit would take five years to acquire. Estimating that each student \nwould spend, for tuition, board, etc., three hundred dollars, makes \nthe aggregate of the thirty-nme thousand per year. This sum, he \nmaintains, would be saved yearly by the college at home. He also \nmaintains that such an institution would be patronized by at least \nseventy young men from a distance, who would annually expend in \nour midst three hundred dollars each, or twenty-one thousand dollars \nin the aggregate. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 223 \n\nSuch arguments evidently had their influence upon the public mind, \nfor on the 17th March, 1832, a building committee, composed of War- \nren Woodson, James H. Bennett, Oliver Parker, James B. Nichols \nand Sinclair Kirtley, gave notice to mechanics that separate written \npropositions to do the stone, brick, and carpenter\'s work of the col- \nlege building, to be erected at this place, would be received until the \n24th of that month. \n\nThe erection of the building was let pursuant to this notice \xe2\x80\x94 to \nwhom we are not informed \xe2\x80\x94 and completed as speedily as jjossible. \nIt was of brick, sixty feet front, twenty-six feet deep, two stories high, \nand divided into suitable rooms for a college. It occupied a most \nbeautiful and elevated site in the southwestern suburbs of the town, \nand is the same building now occupied as a residence by Rev. R. F. Babb. \n\nColumbia College was chartered by the General Assembly \n\n, 1833, and the following gentlemen named in the act as trus- \ntees thereof: Robert S. Barr, A. W. Rollins, Richard Gentry, Warren \nWoodson, Thos. W. Conyers, Wm. P. Cochran, James W. Moss,Wm. \nCornelius, Oliver Parker, David S. Lamme, John B.Gordon, David Todd, \nand Sinclair Kirtley, who held their first meeting in Capt. Samuel Wall\'s \ntavern, on the first Monday of May, 1833. At this meeting Dr. Anthony \nW. Rollins was elected President of the Board, and committees were \nappointed to receive reports in relation to the college building, and to \nsecure a deed of conveyance to the property. There being a want of \nfunds necessary to pay oif a small deficit that had accrued to finish the \nbuilding, the President announced that one thousand dollars would \neffect this object, " and place the present beautiful edifice in a situa- \ntion for the reception of professors and the accommodation of from \none hundred and fifty to two hundred pupils." With a view of rais- \ning this deficit, a public meeting was called at the court-house on the \nfourth Monday in June, and John B. Gordon and Sinclair Kertley \nwere requested to address the meeting. \n\nThe grounds were bought and paid for and the building completed, \nand on the first Monday in November, 1834, the first regular session \nof the institution was opened, under the immediate superintendence \nof Thomas Miller, a graduate of Indiana College, and who had recently \nhad charge of the Preparatory Department in Transylvania University. \nThe collegiate year consisted of two sessions of five months each. \nTuition, $15.00 per session, contingencies included. Applications to \nbe made to Dr. Wm. Jewell, Sinclair Kirtley and Wm. Cornelius. \nDr. Jas. W. Moss, who had been elected chairman of the Board of \n\n\n\n224 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nTrustees in the place of Dr. A. W. Rollins resigned, makes the above \nannouncements in the Columbia Intelligencer of October, 18, 1834. \n\nOn November 10, 1834, Prof. Miller was publicly installed, with \nappropriate and imposing ceremonies. The Intelligencer gives this \naccount of it : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAt an early hour many citizens assembled at the Court House, and were formed \ninto a procession, under the command of Capt. D. M. Hickman, who had been previ- \nously appointed marshal of the day. They then proceeded to the Presbyterian Church, \nwhere the ceremony of inauguration took place. It is seldom we have witnessed a \nmore interesting procession. Its brilliancy was especially heightened by the uniform \nand lovely appearance of the young ladies from the Female Academy, whose presence \ndispelled the gloom which an inclement day was calculated to inspire, and excited a \ndeeper and more lively interest in the exercises of the day. The Throne of Grace was \naddressed by Rev. F. R. Gray. The keys of the college were then presented to Mr. \nMiller by Dr. Moss, chairman of the Board of Ti\'ustees, with a few very dignified \nand appropriate remarks upon the nature and importance of the charge devolving \nupon him, which was followed by a luminous and well-written address from Prof. \nMiller, in vindication of a thorough college education. The correctness of the po- \nsitions assumed were not the most impressive parts of the address. It was presented \nin a fervid and animated style of composition \xe2\x80\x94 diction the most happy, and abounded \nthroughout in the choicest classical allusions and the finest illustrutions. We are \ndisinclined, however, to anticipate the public on this subject, as it will be presented \nto them shortly in pamphlet form. \n\nUpon the whole, we were delighted with the manner in which everything was \n\xe2\x96\xa0conducted, and we think it augurs bright prospects, not only for Columbia and \nBoone County, but for the State. \n\nCopies of this address in pamphlet form are still extant, and but \nfor the want of space copious extracts would be here made from it. \nIt is scholarly and ornate in language, beautiful in style, and well cal- \nculated to awaken popular enthusiasm on the subject of education. \n\nThe first session of Columbia College opened auspiciously, as an- \nnounced, and continued successfully to the end of the term. On \nApril 8, 1835, the public examination of students commenced, closing \non the next day with exercises in declamation and composition. " Lit- \nerary persons, teachers of academies and schools, parents and guardi- \nans, and the friends of education generally," were invited to attend. \nBy invitation of the Board of Trustees, B. F. Robinson and W. \nJenkins delivered addresses on the occasion, copies of which were \nrequested for publication, and in the Intelligencer of April 18 the ad- \ndress of the former appears. \n\nThe first session of the institution proved so successful, not only in \nthe character of the instruction imparted, but in the number of stu- \ndents, that the Board of Trustees were encouraged to call Rev. John \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 225 \n\nHennie, A. M., to a professorship, so that by the johit labors of two \nsuch scholars as Miller and Reniiie the highest expectations of the \npublic might be realized. Mr. Rennie having signified his acceptance, \nit was announced the second regular session of the institution would \nopen on the first Monday in November, 1835 \xe2\x80\x94 James W. Moss, Chair- \nman, and Oliver Parker, Treasurer of the Board. \n\nOn Tuesday, November 24, 1835, Mr. Rennie was duly installed, \nand delivered an address on the occasion, pamphlet copies of which \nare yet extant. The Intelligencer , commenting on the address, says \nit received the highest commendation. " His arrangement was excel- \nlent, his style pure and elegant, his diction chaste and beautiful, his \nthoughts upon the subject of education profound ; and, in short, the \nwhole address was well calculated to instruct and captivate his hear- \ners, and every way worthy as emanating from the head and heart of a \nliberal and enlightened Christian." \n\nMr. Samuel Hart was announced as principal of the preparatory \ndepartment. \n\nWith the faculty of instruction thus organized the college success- \nfully progressed for a few years, until failing health and a desire to \nengage in the practice of law with Major J. S. Rollins, induced the \nresignation of Prof. Miller, which was afterwards followed by the \nresignation of Prof. Rennie. In 1838, the Board of Trustees \xe2\x80\x94 Rev. \nLuther H. VanDoren, President ; James S. Rollins, Secretarj^ ; Robert \n;S. Barr, Treasurer; Eld. Thos. M. Allen, Warren Woodson, William \nCornelius, David S. Lamme, John B. Gordon and Thomas Miller \xe2\x80\x94 \nelected the following gentlemen to constitute the faculty of the col- \nlege : Rev. Luther H. Van Doren, A. M., President; Rev. Robert S. \nThomas, professor of languages ; Mr. David Dunlap, professor of \nmathematics ; Rev. E. P. Noel, teacher in the preparatory depart- \nment, and the college was reopened for the reception of students on \nMonday, June 18, 1838. \n\nColumbia College, of course, had no endowment, and therefore re- \nlied wholly upon public patronage for its support. This fact, supple- \nmented by another far more inimical to its continued, permanent \nexistence, namely, that it was at this period in a transition state, with \nalmost a positive certainty of being supplanted by the State Univer- \nsity, caused it to go out of existence. While it was in operation, \nhowever, it performed its duty nobl}\'\' and laid the foundations for the \neducation, culture and refinement which have so long distinguished our \npeople . \n\n15 \n\n\n\n226 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nCOLUMBIA FEMALE ACADEMY. \n\n\n\nThe early friends of education and liberal culture in Columbia were \nnot satisfied with the establishment of Columbia College, designed \nexclusively for the education of their sons, but cotemporaneously \nwith their noble and self-sacrificing efibrts to found this institution \nwere measures to organize an Academy of a high order for those \ntimes, for the education of their daughters. \n\nAccordingly, on the 24th of August, 1833, a citizens\' meeting was \nheld in the Court House to take the subject into consideration, where- \nupon Gen. Eichard Gentry was called to the chair, and Eobert S. \nThomas was made secretary. After suggestions by various gentle- \nmen and warm commendation of the purposes of the meeting, resolu- \ntions were adopted with great unanimity, approving " a system of \ninstruction calculated to bestow on the female sex a liberal education ; \nthat we will patronize a Female Academy located in Columbia, upon a \nplan commensurate with the wants of our population, and we recom- \nmend to our fellow-citizens a cordial union and support with us." \n\nTo efiect this object it was resolved that William Jewell, William \nProvines, William S. Burch, James Richardson, Joseph B. Howard, \nStephen R. Bedford, William Shields, James H. Bennett, Samuel \nWall, Roger N. Todd, Austin A. King, Moses U. Payne and Minor \nNeal be requested to associate together and constitute a " Board of \nTrustees of the Columbia Female Academy, and that they contract \nfor the purchase, lease or rent of property ; the employment of \nteachers and the purchase of all necessary apparatus for the Academy \nwithin the means placed under their control, and that they make laws \nfor the government of the Academj^ its tutors and students, and ex- \nercise every needful power until an act of incorporation can be \nobtained by law." The Trustees were also requested by the meeting \nto secure the services of Miss Lucy Ann Wales as preceptoress of the \ninstitution. \n\nThe Academy was opened without delay in the Presbyterian \nChurch, a new brick building which was erected in 1833,^ and at once \ncommended itself to the liberal patronage of the public. \n\nThe second session of six months opened on the first Monday in \nMay, 1834, Joseph B. Howard, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, \nannouncing that the number of pupils would be limited to twenty-five. \n\n\n\n1 This church was erected on the north side of Walnut Street, between Fifth and \nSixth, and north of the present Episcopal Church on Broadway. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 227 \n\n" and that a young lady can acquire as thorough an education here as \nat any academy west of the mountains." Terms of tuition, ten dol- \nlars per session. In 1836 means were raised by private subscrip- \ntion for the erection of an academy building and for the purchase of \nan eligible site. After due consideration the Trustees, on February \n26, 1837, purchased of Wm. Cornelius, for $175, a lot, (No. 100) on \nthe south side of Cherry Street, on the corner of Tenth (immediately \nwest and opposite the present residence of Dr. G. W. Eiggius) on \nwhich they erected a one-story brick, about forty feet front, twenty- \nlive feet deep, in which the academy was conducted for a number of \nyears with marked success, under Miss Wales. N. W. Wilson and \nThomas Selby were the building committee to superintend the work. \n\nShe resigned her position in 1840, and, returning to New York \ncity, was married to Mr. John S. Thayer, and now resides- at Chatta. \nnooga, Tennessee. She was succeeded by Miss Lavinia Moore, of \nAnn Arbor, Michigan, and John D. Ferryman, after which the \nacademy was conducted in the order named by Eleazer Root, Tyre C. \nHarris (who died at Lexington, Missouri, October 9, 1854,) Oliver \nCunningham and J. L. Sloan. Baptist (now Stephens) College being^ \nestablished in 1856, and taking the place of Columbia Female Academy, \nthe academy passed out of existencte and the building and grounds \nwere publicly sold June 20, 1865, by Moss Prewitt, Commissioner, \nunder special act of the Legislature, approved February 15, 1865, to \nDr. S. B. Victor, for $1,415, who now owns the property and rents \nit as a residence. \n\nDuring the presidency of Mr. Harris, who died in 1854, large addi- \ntions, consisting of a second story and an ell, were made to the build- \ning \xe2\x80\x94 the needed funds, about $1,800, being raised by private \nsubscription. After the sale of the property to Dr. Victor the \nsum of $1,415, which was paid for it, was distributed pro rata \namono- those who contributed means for the erection of the additions. \n\nThe academy was chartered by the Legislature, February 3, 1837, and \nits course of study was very liberal considering the times and circum- \nstances under which it was conducted. It embraced reading, writing, \narithmetic, algebra, geometry, geography, history, English grammar, \nbotany, outlines of geology, chemistry, natural history, natural phiL \nosophy, astronomy, logic, rhetoric, intellectual and moral philosophy, \ndrawing, painting, music, ornamental needlework and frequent exer- \ncises in composition. \n\nDuring the existence of the academy, the following ladies of educa- \n\n\n\n228 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntion and approved competency were assistant teachers : Miss Eliza \nAnn Gentry, Miss Catherine Lynch (now Mrs. Catherine Clapp), \nMrs. Amanda B. Woodson, Mrs. Thos. P. Giles,. and Mrs. Margaret \nPhillips, the latter as teacher of music. \n\nPUBLIC EXHIBITION, MARCH, 1841. \n\nAs a sample of the public literary exercises of the academy we give \nthe following programme. It is copied from an article communicated \nby " W. F. S." to the Columbia Patriot, of April 3, 1841 : \n\nThe students have learned principles as well as facts, studied the philosophy \nof the SCIENCES more than the language of authors, \xe2\x80\x94 and withal have enabled \nthemselves to bring their knowledge into practical operation. Below will be found \nthe names of those who have read compositions, and the subjects upon which they \nAvere written. \n\nMiss Frances A. Provines. \xe2\x80\x94 The Passions. \n\nMiss DavidellaTodd. \xe2\x80\x94 Perception of the Beautiful. \n\nMiss Arethusa J. Hardin. \xe2\x80\x94 Happiness the Eesult of Integrity. \n\nMiss Cai-oline F.Todd. \xe2\x80\x94 Our Institutions. \n\nMiss Julia Price. \xe2\x80\x94 Habits of Observation. \n\nMiss Mary Harrison. \xe2\x80\x94 Home. \n\nMiss Mary Ewing. \xe2\x80\x94 Gratitude. \n\nMiss Ann Vanhorn. \xe2\x80\x94 No man can Learn all Things. \n\nMiss Mary C. Beattie. \xe2\x80\x94 Love of Gold. \n\nMiss Lucretia Caswell. \xe2\x80\x94 The Grave. \n\nMiss Mary Neale \xe2\x80\x94 How Blessings Brighten as They take Their Flight. \n\nMiss Mary Gentry and Miss Sallie Goode. \xe2\x80\x94 Letters passed between a Swede who \nhad previously visited France, and a French Kefugee in England during the Revolution. \n\nMiss Eliza Seeley. \xe2\x80\x94 Patience Removes Mountains.] \xe2\x99\xa6 \n\nMiss Elizabeth S. Broadwell. \xe2\x80\x94 Spring. \n\nMiss Elizabeth V. Provines. \xe2\x80\x94 Pleasure of Meeting Long Absent Friends. \n\nMiss Susan Howard. \xe2\x80\x94 Wind. \n\nMiss Mary E. Barr. \xe2\x80\x94 Address to the Ocean. \n\nMiss Fannie Law. \xe2\x80\x94 The Schoolroom. > . \n\nMiss Susan Kuykendall. \xe2\x80\x94 Night. \n\nMiss Mary Prewitt. \xe2\x80\x94 Stability of Character. \n\nMiss Martha M. Goode. \xe2\x80\x94 Eloquence of Nature. \n\nDialogue. \xe2\x80\x94 U\\ss D. E. Todd, World of Mind; Miss C. F. Todd, World of Matter; \nMiss A. J. Hardin, Laws which Govern Them. \n\nDialogue. \xe2\x80\x94 Miss M. Harrison, Gi\'eece; Miss J. Price, Egypt; Miss M. Ewing, \nChinese Empire; Miss A. Vanhorn, America. \n\nDialogue. \xe2\x80\x94 MX^s, Fannie Law, Frost; Miss M. M. Goode, Fire; Miss S. Howard, \nWater. \n\nThe delivery of an appropriate and well-written address by Rev. J. L. Yantis, \nclosed the exercises of the evening. \n\nIt is impossible to describe or estimate the beneficent and elevating \ninfluences of this early institution of learning on the women of Colum- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 229 \n\nbia and Boone County, and through them on the people at hxrge. It \ndid much not only to educate in science and art and in the accom- \nplishments of cultivated society, the young ladies who attended it, \nbut in elevating and strengthening the moral tone of the people, and \nin preparing them for the higher achievements in educational enter- \nprises which have since that period so distinguished our county. \n\nBut for Bonne Femme and Columbia Colleges we probably never \nwould have had the State University and Agricultural College, and \nbut for Columbia Female Academy, Stephens and Christian Colleges \nwould have been above the ambition and beyond the grasp of our \npeople. \n\n\n\nCHAPTEE Y. \n\nHISTORY (^ THE STATE UNIVERSITY. \n\nErom 1818 to its Dedication, July 4, 1843 \xe2\x80\x94 Acts of Congress of 1818, 1820 and 1827 in \nregard to the Seminary Lands \xe2\x80\x94 Provisions of tlie State Constitution \xe2\x80\x94 Donation \nof ten acres by tlie Commissioners to locate the town of Columbia in 1821 for a Uni- \nversity site \xe2\x80\x94 Beneficent influence of Columbia College and Columbia Female Acad- \nemy \xe2\x80\x94 Rev. E. P. Lovejoy\'s observations on Columbia in 1834 \xe2\x80\x94 Legislation by the \nGeneral Assembly from 1828 to 1843 \xe2\x80\x94 Austin A. King\'s resolutions in the Legisla- \nture, November 21, 1836 \xe2\x80\x94 List of Seminary lands selected and where situated \xe2\x80\x94 The \nLegislature of 1838-39 provides for the location of the University in Cole, Cooper, \nSaline, Howard, Boone, or Callaway counties \xe2\x80\x94 Commissioners Appointed \xe2\x80\x94 The \ncontest in Boone and other counties to secure the location \xe2\x80\x94 Law of Congress of \n1831 authorizing the sale of the Seminary lands \xe2\x80\x94 In 1838 the Auditor makes report \nof their sale \xe2\x80\x94 A Combination in Jackson County prevents their sale at their value \xe2\x80\x94 \nThe first Board of Curators \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County subscription \xe2\x80\x94 Complete list of sub- \nscribers \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County secures the University, June 24, 1839 \xe2\x80\x94 The first meeting \nof the first Board of Curators, October 7, 1839 \xe2\x80\x94 The site of the University edifice \nselected \xe2\x80\x94 Contracts made for its erection, and the corner-stone laid July, 4, 1840 \xe2\x80\x94 \nThe Ceremonies\xe2\x80\x94 Rev. John C. Young, D. D. elected president October 28, 1839\xe2\x80\x94 Dr. \nYoung, declining, John H. Lathrop was elected October 29, 1840 \xe2\x80\x94 His letter of ac- \nceptance \xe2\x80\x94 He delivers a public address in the Union Church, and enters on the \nduties of his office March 1, 1841, in Columbia College Building. \n\nCUKATORS OF THE UNIVERSITY. \n\nThe following comprises a full and complete list of the names of all \nthe curators from the first board in 1839, to the last in 1882, and the \nyear of their appointment. Some of them have been reappointed a \nnumber of times and have had long years of service, but this list only \nshows the year in which they were first appointed : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\n230 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n1839. \xe2\x80\x94Thomas M. Allen, Eli E. Bass, M. M. Marmaduke. Gabriel \nTutt, John T. A. Henderson, Wm. Scott, George C. Hart, John J. \nLowry, Robert W. Wells, Rowland Hughes, Irvin O. Hockaday, \nThomas West, Wm. Lientz, Priestly H. McBride. \n\n1840. \xe2\x80\x94 Thomas D. Grant, William Shields, Dr. George Penn, \nWarren Woodson, Anthony W. Rollins, Dr. Wm. H. Duncan. \n\n1841. \xe2\x80\x94 R. S. Thomas, Dr. Gustavus M. Bower, James W. Mor- \nrow, John Slack, George W. Huston, B. B. Brown, Caleb S. Stone. \n\n1842.\xe2\x80\x94 John Ellis. \n\n1843. \xe2\x80\x94 William A. Robards, Joseph Carpenter, Wm. G. Minor. \n\n1844.\xe2\x80\x94 Peter Wright. \n\n1845. \xe2\x80\x94 Alexander Persinger, Moss Prewitt, John H. Lathrop, ex \nofficio. \n\n1846.\xe2\x80\x94 Gov. John C. Edwards, F. K. Martin, Secretary of State; \nP. G. Glover, Treasurer; J. R. McDearman, Auditor, ex officio; \nAlexander H. Robinson, Allen B. Orear. \n\n1847. \xe2\x80\x94 James L. Matthews, James S. Rolliiis. \n\n1849. \xe2\x80\x94Addison M. Lewis, F. R. Palmei^^Dr. T. R. H. Smith, H. \nC. Dunn, Dr. W. J. McElhaney, J. A. Brown, Alton Long, Robert \nBrown, C. J. Hughes, John Corby, W. D. McCracken, James A. \nClark, James Ellison, William Claude Jones. \n\n1850. \xe2\x80\x94 Lewis W. Robinson. \n\n1851. \xe2\x80\x94 Henry Fulbright, Daniel Patten, James L. Minor, Henry \nF. Garey, Nelson C. Orear. \n\n1853. \xe2\x80\x94George W. Hough, Dr. Joseph Chew, W. G. Eliot, John \nB. Clark, Sr., of Howard, R. G. Roberts, Henry Slack. \n\n1854. \xe2\x80\x94 C. A. Hayden. \n\n1856. \xe2\x80\x94 George L. Pollard, Dr. Henry W. Cross, Major Horner, \nCharles P. Bullock, Wm. C. Price, Charles L. Rogers, Calvin F. \nBurns, Wm. E. Brady. \n\n1857. \xe2\x80\x94Peter S. Wilkes, George H. Hall, Wm. A. Seay. \n\n1858. \xe2\x80\x94 Michael Bright, Wm. B. Starke, Samuel A. Richardson. \nJohn A. Snell, John D. S. Dryden. \n\n1859. \xe2\x80\x94 ^ John W. Harris, A. S. Walker, James T. Campbell, Hiram \nBlacklege. \n\nI860.\xe2\x80\x94 Ira Divoll, Wm. H. Allen, A. W. Flournoy, P. R. Smith, \nRobert A. Hatcher, I. W. Boulware, Willard P. Hall, F. M. Cockrell, \nJ. D. Hill, Robert L. Todd, J. W. Tucker, J. H. Halley, A. W. \nDoniphan, Joseph J. Brady, David H. Hickman, Samuel Treat, who \nresigning, Hugh Campbell was appointed in his place, but declined to \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 231 \n\nqualify, not having resided in the State two years as required by \nlaw. \n\n1862. \xe2\x80\x94 Dr. M. R. Arnold, James H. Birch, Odon Guitar, P. B. \nLocke, Mordecai Oliver, Sample Orr, Francis T. Russell, Thomas B. \nRead, George O. Yeiser, John F. Philips, W. S. Mosely. \n\n1863. \xe2\x80\x94 W. A. Gibson, Ferd. Overstolz, Wm. Carter, James H. \nMoss, John B. Clark, Sr., of Dade county. \n\n1864. \xe2\x80\x94 S. M. Breckenridge, Rev. Henry A. Nelson, Elijah Perry, \nBernard Poepping, A. A. Matthews, James McWilliams, John R. \nWeaver, Rev. George W. Longan, Thompson J. Kelly, Dr. Franklin \nCooley, Lemuel Dunn, Leonidas M. Lawson, Bennett Pike, Dr. \nGeorge L. Hewitt, Alexander McMurtree, James H. Robinson, \nMichael M. Robinson, Hiram Philips. \n\n1865. \xe2\x80\x94 Enos Clark, John W. Sutherland, Francis Kellerman, \nJames Lindsay, E. F. Esteb, Gusta.ve Bruiere, Charles E. Leonard, \nJohn P. Clark, Edward L. King, Rev. L. M. Vernon. T. A. Sher- \nwood, Rev. D. A. McReady, Alex. F. Denny. \n\n1866. \xe2\x80\x94 Joseph D. Keebeaugh, James Love. \n\n1867. \xe2\x80\x94 John W. Matthias, J. M. Woods, Andrew J. Shepard, \nJames H. Baker, George R. Smith, Theo. S. Case, A. J. Barr, Phile- \nmon Bliss, Benjamin Northcott, Eugene Williams, Paul Hubbard, \nA. J. Conant, James M. Martine. \n\n1868.\xe2\x80\x94 Edward Wyman, W. C. Mattison, G. A. Moser, C. P. \nTownsley. \n\n1869. \xe2\x80\x94 Orville S. Read, Wm H. McLane, Wm. W. Orrick, James \nH. Kerr, James S. Rollins. \n\n1870. \xe2\x80\x94 Henry T. Mudd, George W. Kinney, James Moore, George \nHusmann, Barnabas Smith. \n\n1871. \xe2\x80\x94 J. W. Barrett, Norman J. Colman, Dr. Wm. S. Dyer, \nWm. T. Essex, Rev. John D. Viucil, J. F. Wielandy, Samuel G. \nWilliams, John E. Worth, W. F. Switzler. \n\n1872.\xe2\x80\x94 Henry Smith. \n\n1873.\xe2\x80\x94 Alex. M. Dockery, John F. Bush, Jerry C. Cravens, C. P. \nJones, Joshua LaDue, Walter T. Lenoir, Wm. Starke, Edwin W. \nStephens. \n\n1874. \xe2\x80\x94 H. Clay Ewing, Squire Turner, Martin L. Clardy, George \nM. Jones. \n\n1875. \xe2\x80\x94 John S. Clarkson, John Hinton, Dr. William Glenn, Dr. \nSamuel H. Headlee, John E. Hutton, John A. Flood, Robert F. \nLakenan, Luther T. Collier. \n\n\n\n232 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n1876 \xe2\x80\x94 John A. Hockaday, A. W. Lamb. \n\n1877 \xe2\x80\x94 Dr. H. H. Middelcamp, John D. Perry. \n1878 \xe2\x80\x94 Joseph K. Eogers, Wm. H. Lackland. \n\n1879 \xe2\x80\x94 Charles C. Bland, John Walker. \n\n1880 \xe2\x80\x94 A. M. Millard. \n\n1882 \xe2\x80\x94 John R. Estill, James E. Lincoln. \n\n\n\nEntered. \n\n\n\n1839 \n1840 \n1843 \n1843 \n1848 \n1850 \n1853 \n1856 \ni860 \n1864 \n1865 \n1870 \n\n\n\nPRESIDENTS OE THE BOARD. \n\n\n\nWilliam Scott, deceased . \nThomas M. Allen, deceased \nJohn Slack, deceased \nWarren Woodson, deceased \nCaleb S. Stone, deceased . \nE. E. Palmer, deceased \nCaleb S. Stone, deceased . \nP. H. McBride, deceased . \n\nWm. H. Allen \n\nThomas M. Allen, deceased \n\nMoss Prewitt, deceased \n\nJames S. Rollins, LL. D., still in office. \n\n\n\nRetired. \n\n\n\n1840 \n1843 \n1843 \n1848 \n1850 \n1853 \n1856 \n1860 \n1864 \n1865 \n1869 \n\n\n\nThe University of the State of Missouri, called in the acts of Con- \ngress of February 17, 1818, March 6, 1820, January 24, 1827, and \nMarch 2, 1827, a " Seminary of Learning," possesses a legislative or \nlegal history which is not only in itself very interesting, but quite \nessential to a proper understanding of its relations to the Federal and \nState governments, and of the obligations imposed upon the General \nAssembly of Missouri to foster and encourage it. It therefore has a \nhistory which antedates its location and establishment in the town of \nColumbia. \n\nIt is quite well known and generally understood that the University \nwas founded by a grant of public land made by the United States, in \nthe act of Congress of March 6, 1820, to authorize the people of Mis- \nsouri Territory to form a Constitution and State Government. The \nsixth section of said act offered to the convention of the Territory of \nMissouri, for its free acceptance or rejection, five distinct propositions, \nwhich, if accepted by the convention, shall be obligatory upon the \nUnited States. Among these was the following : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nFifth. That thirty-six sections, or one entire township, which shall be designated by \nthe President of the United States, together with the other lands heretofore reserved \nfor that purpose, shall be reserved for the use of a Seminary of learning, and vested in \nthe Legislature of said State, to be appropriated solely to the use of such Seminary by \nthe said Legislature. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 233 \n\nThis enactment, made by Congress before the admission of Missonri \ninto the Union, was in accordance with the policy of the General Gov- \nernment to aid the States in the work of education by liberal grants \nof the public domain. \n\nThis policy was not only adopted in aid of the higher education,, \nso-called, but also \xe2\x80\x94 and by the act of Congress providing for the ad- \nmission of Missouri into the Union \xe2\x80\x94 for the maintenance of township \nfree public schools. \n\nIn the private consideration as well as public discussions of this act, \na complication often presented itself, originating in the fact that the \nact of Congress of March 6, 1820, donated to Missouri only thirty-six \nsections, or one entire township, whereas the State received, for the \nuse of a " Seminary of Learning," seventy-two sections, or two entire \ntownships. Whence originated this discrepancy, and by what act of \nCongress, if any, the problem was solved, is not generally known. \nNor did our public men and legislators seem to understand, with any \ndistinctness, the phrase, " together with the other lands heretofore \nreserved for that purpose." What these lands were, what their \namount in acres, where situated, and by what act of Congress reserved, \nseems to have had no distinct or satisfactory solution in the public \nmind. \n\nBelieving it to be our duty thoroughly to explore the field of diffi- \nculty, and, if possible, clearly to trace the legislative history of \nthe grant, we entered into correspondence, through the courtesy of \nHon. F. M. Cockrell, U. S. Senator from Missouri, with the Com- \nmissioner of the General Land Office at Washington. This corre- \nspondence disclosed the fact, theretofore unknown to the writer, that \nour Seminary lands, although donated to the State for the purpose \nmentioned in the act of March 6, 1820, were not selected and con- \nfirmed to the State by that act, but by an act of Congress approved \nJanuary 24, 1827, as follows (see Chap. V., Second Session Nineteenth \nCongress ; see fourth vol. Stats. U. S. at Large, page 200) : \n\nACT OF JANUARY 24, 1827. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2\'An Act concerning the selection of certain lands, heretofore granted by compact, to the \n\nState of Missouri, for seminaries of learning. \n"Se it enacted, etc., \n\n" That it shall be the duty of the President of the United States, as soon as may be, \nto cause to be selected, from any of the public lands of the United States in Missouri, \nthe sale of which is authorized by law, and in quantities not less than a section, accord- \ning to the divisional lines of the public surveys, the several townships of land hereto- \nfore secured by compact to the State of Missouri, for the purposes of a seminary or \n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0234 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nseminaries of learning in that State, and to cause one elescriptive list of such selections \nto be filed with the Governor of Missouri, in the office of the Secretary of that State, \nand another like list to be filed in the General Land Office of the United States; and \nthe lands so selected shall, immediately thereupon, vest in the State of Missouri, ac- \ncording to, and in satisfaction of, the above mentioned compact with the United \nStates. \n\n"Approved January 24th, 1827." \n\nThe terms of this act, to wit : " The several townships of land here- \ntofore secured by compact to the State of Missouri, for the purpose of \na seminary or seminaries of learning in that State," seemed farther \nto complicate the diflSculty, and therefore farther correspondence with \nthe General Land Office became necessary. \n\nAvailing ourself again of the courtesy of Senator Cockrell, we pro- \npounded, through him, to the Commissioner of the General Land \nOffice certain questions, the purpose of which was to elicit an expla- \nnation of the difficulty we encountered in understanding not only the \nact of March 6, 1820, but that of January 24, 1827. This corre- \nspondence brought to view another new and important fact, new, at \nleast to us, and certainly one which has not attained any prominence, \nor even recognition in the public discussions of this subject in Mis- \nsouri, namely, that three years anterior to the admission of Missouri \ninto the Union, and by the third section of the act of Congress of \nFebruary 17, 1818, two townships were directed to be located and \nreserved for the support of a seminary of learning in this State, and \nthat one of these townships was authorized to be located on the waters \nof the Missouri, and the other on the waters of the Arkansas River. \nAlso, that by an act passed March 2, 1827, a transfer of one township \nwas made from the waters of the Arkansas to the Territory of Arkan- \nsas, leaving one township reserved for the Missouri Territory, which \nadded to the one township granted by the act of March 6, 1820, made \nthe tivo townships donated to this State, which the President, by the \nact of January 24, 1827, was directed to select for the use of a \nseminary of learning in the State of Missouri. For a clearer under- \nstanding of the subject, we append the letter of the Commissioner of \nthe General Land Office, dated July 15, 1882, as follows: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nLETTER OF HON. N. C. M\'FARLAND. \n\nDepartment of the Interior, \n\nGeneral Land Office, \nWashington, D. C, July 15, 1882. \nMon. F. M. Cockrell, IT. S. Senate : \n\nSir: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 13th instant, \ntransmitting a letter from Wm. F. Switzler, dated at Columbia, Mo., July 10, 1882, in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 235 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0which, after referring to the Act of March 6, 1820, and January 24, 1827, granting lands \nto the State of Missouri, he asks the following questions, viz. : \n\n1st. " How did we get two townships, and only two, when neither of the above cited \nacts provide for two in terms?" \n\n2d. " What are \' the other lands heretofore received for that purpose \' ? " \n\nIn reply, I would state, that under the provision of the third section of the Act of \n\xe2\x82\xacongress, approved February 17, 1818, entitled, "An Act making provision for the \nestablishment of additional land offices in the Territory of Missouri, \' \' two townships were \ndirected to be located and reserved for the support of a seminary of learning, provided \nthat one of said townships shall be located on the waters of the Missouri and the other \non the waters of the Arkansas. \n\nBy the fifth subdivision of the sixth section of the Act of March 6, 1820, one entire \ntownship, together with the other lands heretofore reserved for that purpose, was \nreserved for the use of a seminary of learning. \n\nBy the Act of March 2, 1827, entitled "An act concerning a seminary of learning in \nthe Territory of Arkansas," authorizing the Secretary of the Treasury to set apart two \ntownships for the use and support of a seminary of learning, it is provided that \none of said townships so set apart shall be "in lieu of an entire township of land \ndirected to be located on the waters of the Arkansas River, in said Territory, for the \nxise of a seminary of learning therein, by an act of Congress entitled, \' An act making \nprovision for the establishment of additional land offices in the Territory of Missouri,\' " \napproved February the seventeenth, one thousand eight hundred and eighteen. \n\nIt will be seen from the above cited act, that one of the townships reserved for \nseminary purposes in the Territory of Missouri, and to be located on the waters of the \nArkansas, was transferred to the Territory of Arkansas, leaving one township reserved \nfor the former Territory, which, together with the additional township granted by the \nAct of March 6, 1820, made two townships which the President of the United States \nwas directed to cause to be selected, under the Act of January 24, 1827, for the pur- \npose of a seminary or seminaries of learning in the State of Missouri. \n\nThe letter of Mr. Switzler is herewith returned. \n\nVery respectfully, \n\nN. C. McFARLAND, \n\nCommissioner. \n\nThe policy of the General Government to aid the States in the \nwork of education also found expression in the land grants made by \nthe act of Congress of July 2, 1862, to the different States for the \npurpose of founding therein colleges of agriculture and mechanic arts. \n\nThe liberal school policy of the General Government, by land \ngrants, was established by the ordinance of 1787, m the following \nlanguage, to wit : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAnd for extending the fundamental principles of civil and religious liberty, which \nform the basis whereon these republics, their laws and constitutions are erected, etc., \netc. \n\nIt is hereby enacted and declared, by the authority aforesaid, (i. e., of the United States \nin Congress assembled), that the following articles shall be considered as articles of \ncompact between the original States and the people in the said Territory (northwest \nof the river Ohio), and forever remain unalterable, unless by common consent, to wit: \n\n\n\n236 HISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nArticles. Eeligion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government \nand the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be \nencouraged. \n\nIn the act of Congress of 1812, organizing the Territory of Missouri, \nthis article of the ordinance of 1787 was carried across tlie Mississippi, \nand somewhat amplified, as the following extract from that act shows : \n\nEeligion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the \nhappiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall be encouraged and \nprovided for from the public lauds of the United States in said Territory, in such man- \nner as Congress may deem expedient. \n\nWhen the State of Missouri was organized out of this Territory, \nCongress deemed it expedient, as above stated, to devote two town- \nships of land to a "seminary of learning or university," and one \nthirty-sixth of the entire public domain, together with saline and \nswamp lands, to " township (now district) schools." \n\nThe higher education was thus identified with the lower, as coijrdi- \nnate and constituent parts of the public school work of Missouri, upon \nthe original ora;anizatiou ot the State. \n\nIt is the traditional and established policy of this State, however \nimperfectly realized hitherto, to support the University as the crown \nand glory of the public school system. This is an indisputable fact ; \nnot by inference, but by the following explicit utterances, in the first \nand second sections of the sixth article of the first Constitution of the \nState, adopted in St. Louis, July 19, 1820, viz: \n\nSchools and the means of education shall be forever encouraged in this State. * * \nOne school or more shall be established in each township. The General Assembly \nshall take measures for the improvement of such lands, etc., to support "a univer- \nsity for the promotion of literature and the arts and sciences, and it shall be the duty of \nthe General Assembly, as soon as may be, to provide effectual means * * * for the \nimprovement and permanent security of the funds and endowments of such institutions. \n\nIt is thus seen that the " Seminary of Learning" of the acts of \nCongress of 1818, 1820 and 1827 is the "University" of the first \nConstitution of the State, formed under the authority of the first act \nnamed. \n\nSubstantially the same idea as presented in the Constitution of \n1820, is embodied in the State Constitution of 1865, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n4. The General Assembly shall also establish and maintain a State university, with \ndepartments for instructions in teaching in agriculture, and in natural science, as soon \nas the public school fund will permit. \n\nThe eleventh article of the Constitution of 1875 is still more liberal \nin its terms, and in more than one section recognizes the obligation of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 237 \n\nthe General Assembly to maintain the State University and to regard \nits endowment, and the proceeds of the sales of the seminary lands, \nlegally inviolable. \n\nFrom the earliest history of Boone Connty and of its county seat, \neven while preliminary steps were taken in the spring of 1821 to \nestablish the town of Columbia, the location of the State University \nin said town was entertained as a desirable consummation, and found \nexpression in the report made to the Circuit Court by Lawrence Bass,^ \nJohn Gray, David Jackson, Absalom Hicks and Jefferson Fulcher, \ncommissioners appointed by an act of the Legislature to locate the \npermanent seat of justice in said county. (For this report in full see \npp. 161-2. ) Quick to comprehend intelligently the provisions made in \nthe enabling and other acts of Congress, as well as the provision \nin the Constitution adopted the year previous to the passage of the \nenabling act, the commissioners, among other donations of land for \npublic purposes, made by the trustees of the Smithton Company, on \nthe condition of the location of the county seat on the present site of \nColumbia was "ten acres conditional if the State University be estab- \nlished therein," said ten acre lot being just across the road, and \nsouth of the present residence of Jefferson Garth \xe2\x80\x94 the same now \noccupied and owned by Mrs. Stephen Bedford, and embracing per- \nhaps the northern portion of the new cemetery. \n\nFrom this period to the final accomplishment of the purpose in the \nlocation of the University at Columbia in 1839, the thoughtful and \nleading citizens of Boone County pursued their object with unfaltering \nsteps. As we have already seen this is evidenced by the establish- \nment of Columbia College, an enterprise which was largely inspired \nby the hope of making it the rallying point in the struggle and an in- \nducement to locate the University or " State College " in Columbia. \nThat this was one of the ulterior purposes to be accomplished \nthrough this agency is plainly disclosed by the preliminary steps \nas well as the more advanced measures and counsels connected \nwith the college. The sequel demonstrated the far-seeing wisdom \nof the prudent and self-sacrificing men who originated and accom- \nplished the establishment of this institution. Without Columbia \nCollege and the education which it afforded not only its pupils \nproper, but the public mind of the county, the State University \nwould never have been located in Columbia. That college, and the \n\n\n\n1 Died in Boone County, April 27, 1856, aged seventy-six years. \n\n\n\n238 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nColumbia Female Academy, which was its handmaid in the cause of \nliberal education and liberal public thought, inspired the leading \nminds of the county with the darliug purpose when the final struggle \ncame, to outstrip all of her sister counties in the race of liberality and \nthus secure the inestimable boon of the State University. With \nColumbia College and the lessons of culture and public spirit with \nwhich it leavened the popular mind, the University was a possible \nachievement. Without them it was impossible. \n\nWhat Columbia and the county of Boone were in 1834 may be \nplainly seen by the testimony of the Eev. Elijah P. Lovejoy ^ the \neditor of the St. Louis Observer, a disinterested witness, who, during \nthe summer of that year travelled through the central counties, and \nfor a short time stopped in Columbia. Mr. Lovejoy\' s sketch bears testi- \nmony to the interest which was then felt in the question by our peo- \nple as well as to the feeling of general rivalry thus early existing \nbetween Boone and HoAvard on the subject of the University. \n\nThe following is his sketch : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nColumbia is the county seat of Boone County, and is a pretty, thriving village of \nabout 700 inhabitants. It has nine stores, tvFO taverns, four grog-shops, and but one \nmeeting-house. Thus you see Bacchus has four temples \xe2\x80\x94 and I knovp not how many \ndomestic altars \xe2\x80\x94 and God but one, in Columbia. The meeting-house belongs to the \nPresbyterians, is of brick, but is not finished. The Baptists and Unitarians are about \nto commence building another in union. An odd mixture this, and one which can pro- \nduce no good. The Presbyterian Church consists of about eighty members. This \nchurch was principally gathered under the ministrations of brother Cochran, who is \nstill affectionately remembered by them. Brother Gray succeeds him, both in labors \nand in the confidence and esteem of the people. In Columbia they have erected a \nbrick college, sixty feet by twenty-six, two stories high, and having six apartments. \nIn this a male academy is taught \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Kobert S. Thomas, Principal, and Mr. S. Hart, \nAssistant. There is also a female academy taught in this place by Miss Lucy Ann \nWales, assisted, at present, by a daughter of Gen. Gentry. This lady had acquired a \nhigh reputation as a teacher in Callaway, and she fully maintains it here. \n\nIn the two departments are 120 or 130 scholars. Besides these, there is another \nfemale school, taught by one of the ladies, who came on last fall as a missionary to \nthe Indians, but whose health failed her, and she was left at this place. I understood, \nalso, that still another was expected to be opened in a week or two. \n\nOn the subject of the State University, there is much conversation and considerable \nrivalry of feeling in the two counties of Boone and Howard. And in reference to this \nsubject, they are bringing out some of their strongest men in the two counties for the \nnext Legislature, as it is supposed that that body will act definitely on the subject. \nBetween the rival claims of the two counties I shall not undertake to decide; but I \ncan say what I most fully believe, that but little benefit will be derived to either, or to \nthe State, from all the funds appropriated for a State University. And this opinion I \n\n\n\n1 Mr. Lovejoy was shot and killed by a mob at Alton, 111., on November 7, 1837. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 239* \n\nfreely expressed to some of the prominent men in both the counties. I have no idea \ntliat any Legislature that we are likely soon to have will establish a University on any \nprinciples that will insure, or even permit, its prosperity. They will yoke it to the \ncar of State, and then it will be pulled forward, or pushed backward, according as \nthis or that political party shall prevail. And in the turmoil and confusion attending \nsuch a state of things learning and science will be frightened from its halls. Be \nassured that the muses will never endure the presence of. a political stump-speech \nmaker. Besides, our good legislators will be especially careful to exclude all secta- \nrianism from the University; and I doubt not they will contrive to make that term \nembrace every tenet of Christianity. Such, at least, are my fears; and I shall be \nagreeably disappointed, indeed, if they are not realized. The history of the Virginia \nUniversity might, but will not, be read for instruction on this subject. \n\nIt is worthy of note, in this connection, that the fears of Mr. Love- \njoy, that in the exclusion of sectarianism from the University Chris- \ntianity itself would be excluded, were groundless. \n\nSALE or SEMINARY LANDS. \n\nOn January 23, 1829, (see Session Acts 1828-9), an act was ap- \nproved which provided for the prosecution, fine, and imprisonment of \ntrespassers on the seminary lands. \n\nBy an act approved December 31, 1830,^ provision was made for \nthe sale of the seminary lands. It was made the duty of the Gov- \nernor of the State, or his successor in office for the time being, after \ngiving six months previous notice thereof, in the several newspapers \npublished in this State, to cause the lands granted to the State for \nseminary purposes, to be ofiered at public sale to the highest bidder ; \nupon this condition, however, that the same shall not be sold for a less \nprice than two dollars per acre, and the sales of the said lands shall be \nconducted in every other respect, under the same regulations as the \npublic lands of the United States. \n\nBy the same act John B. Svvearengen was made register and Sam- \nuel C. Owens receiver for the purpose of superintending the lands in \nthe United States Western district ; James Jamison, register, and Henry \nLane, receiver, in the Salt river district, and William Garner, register, \nand Robert F. Brown, receiver, in the Cape Girardeau district, each \nof whom was required to give bond. \n\nThe sales of land in the Western district, were held in Indepen- \ndence, commencing on the first Monday in December, 1831 ; in the \nSalt river district in Palmyra on the second Monday in November,. \n\n\n\n1 See Session Acts 1830-1, p. 86. \n\n\n\n240 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n1831 ; and in the Cape Girardeau district in Benton, Scott county, on \nthe first Monday in November of the same year. \n\nOn January 17, 1831,* an act was approved which provided for \nannexing to the town of Independence, laying off into lots, and mak- \ning sale of eighty acres of seminary lands adjoining said town. \nSaid sale commencing on the first Monday in December, 1832, openly \nto the highest bidder, under the superintendence of a commissioner \nappointed-^jy the Governor, said act prx)viding that no lot of one acre \nor less should be sold for less than $10, nor any lot of more than one \nacre for less than $5 per acre. \n\nACT OF DECEMBER 31, 1830, REVIVED. \n\nJanuary 29, 1833,^ an act was approved reviving the act to pro- \nvide for the sale of the seminary lands, approved December 31, \n1830, and it authorized public sales of the lands at Independence, \nPalmyra, and Benton in the months October, November and December, \n1833. Abraham McClellan was appointed commissioner of the sales \nat Independence, Henry Wilcox at Palmyra, and John Moore at Ben- \nton. All lands not thus sold at public sale were thereafter subject to \nprivate entry or purchase. \n\nThe commissioner of the Western district was directed at the close \nof the public sales to offer to the highest bidder the town lots remain- \nino- unsold in the annexed portion of the town of Independence, \npursuant to the act approved January 17, 1831, \n\nOn the 17th March, 1835,^ aii act of the Legislature was approved \nto take effect tjie first day of May thereafter, providing for the sale, \nat private entry, of the seminary lands, in the same manner, at the \nsame price, and under the same regulations as the United States \nlands were then disposed of, at private sales. \n\nBy the terms of the act, Johu Moore, of Scott county, for the Cape \nGirardeau land district; Henry Wilcox of the Salt River district and \nSmallwood Nolan of Jackson county for the Western district were \nmade commissioners to superintend the sale of these lands, each giv- \nino; bonds of not less than $5,000. Moneys received by them from \nsaid sales to be paid into the State treasury every twelve months, the \n\n\n\n1 See Session Acts 1830-1, p. 91. \n\n2 See Session Acts 1832-3, p. 116. \n\n3 See Revised Statutes 1835, p. 576. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 241 \n\ntreasurer to keep the same " as a distinct fund for the purposes for \nwhich said hinds were accepted " by the State. \n\nDuring the session of the eighth Legislature, which convened in Jef- \nferson City November 17, 1834 \xe2\x80\x94 John Jamison, of Callaway, Speaker \nof the House ; James B. Bowlin, of St. Louis, Chief Clerk, and Joseph \nW. Hickam, of Boone (who is still alive and a citizen of Boone), En \ngrossing Clerk \xe2\x80\x94 the question of the location of the University received \nmuch attention . The Intelligencer, of December 6, 1834, says: " We \nare much o-ratified to learn from Jefferson that Columbia stands hi^h \nwith the Legislature as the most suitable location for the State Col- \nlege." Nevertheless, owing to the rivalries which existed between \nvarious counties, a majority in neither house was able to agree upon \na location, and the Legislature adjourned without making one. \n\nSEMINARY LANDS. \n\nThe first session of the ninth Greneral Assembly met November 21, \n1836 \xe2\x80\x94 John Jamison again Speaker of the House ; Thomas C. Burch, \nChief Clerk; Richard B. Jackson, Doorkeeper, and Joseph W. Hick- \nam, of Boone, Engrossing Clerk, without opposition. Again the \nUniversity was one of the topics for discussion, and with increased \nprominence. \n\nOn November 25th, Austin A. King, one of the members from \nBoone, introduced the following resolutions in regard to the semin- \nary fund : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n[From the House Journal, November 25, ISSQ-, page 59.] \n\n1. Besolved, That the proceeds of the seminary fund ought to be appropriated to \nrearing up a seminary of learning in this State, in conformity with the compact with \nthe United States and the Constitution of this State. \n\n2. Besolved, That such an institution as is contemplated by the compact and by the \nState Constitution,where the youug men of the State could receive a competent \neducation to qualify them for teachers of common schools, would aid and promote a \nsound system of common school education. \n\n3. Besolved, Under the compact and Constitution of the State, the preseut youth \nof the country are justly entitled to participate in the benefits of the seminary fund, \nand that the proceeds thereof ought to be vested in some productive stock yielding an \ninterest for the building up and endowing said institution at as early a day as practi- \ncable. \n\n4. Besolved, therefore, That the foregoing proposition be referred to the Committee \non Education, and that said committee be authorized to report by bill or otherwise. \n\nAdam B. Chambers, of Pike, afterwards well known in Missouri \n16 \n\n\n\n242 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nas one of the proprietors and chief editors of the St. Lonis Hepuh- \nZ^ca?^, moved to lay the resolutions on the table, which motion was \nrejected, and the resolutions were passed. \n\nDuring the same session of the Legislature, and on January 5, 1837, \nMr. Abraham Hunter, of Scott (page 249) introduced a resolution, \nwhich passed, requesting the Governor to inform the House " if any, \nand what number of acres of seminary land is due this State from \nthe United States, showing the quantity of acres selected and re- \nserved for seminary purposes, and the quantity yet to be selected." \nOn January 16, 1837, the Governor (Lilburn W. Boggs) responded \n(page 302) that there had been selected and reserved Aih^^W-^^-^ \nacres, and that there remained to be selected 6182|o^ acres to com- \njDlete the quantity of 72 sections of land acquired by this State from \nthe United States for a seminary of leai\'ning. \n\nTHE LANDS SELECTED WHERE SITUATED AND THE ACT OF CON- \nGRESS OF JANUARY 24, 1827, \n\nOn January 24, 1837 (page 343), Mr. Chambers, from the Commit- \ntee on Education, reported a bill to incorporate the University, which \nwas read and ordered to a second reading. Mr. Chambers, from the \nsame committee, also reported that they had considered the petitions \nof the President and Directors of " Howard College," Fayette, and \nthat from the provisions of the above bill, providing for the erection \nof a State University, it would be inexpedient to act on said petition. \nReport concurred in and committee discharged from further consid- \neration of the subject. \n\nThree days afterward (page 375), on motion of Mr. Eedraan, of \nHoward, the bill to incorporate the State University was recommitted \nto the Committee on Education, without instructions. This is the \nlast that was heard of it during the session, which closed Feb- \nruary 6th. \n\nThe last session of the General Assembly having failed to locate the \nState University, the subject again came up during the Tenth Session, \nwhich met in Jefferson City on November 19th, 1838 : Lilburn W. \nBosfSfS, Governor: Franklin Cannon, Lieutenant-Governor and Presi- \ndent of the Senate ; James L. Minor, Secretary ; William Woods, \ndoorkeeper; Thomas H. Harvey, Speaker of the House; Micajah V. \nHarrison, Clerk; Joseph W. Hickam, of Boone, Engrossing Clerk, \nSenators from Boone \xe2\x80\x94 Thomas C. Maupin and A. W. Turner. Rep- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 245 \n\nresentatives \xe2\x80\x94 David M. Hickman, James S. Rollins, Alexander \nPersinger, Tyre Harris and John B. Gordon. \n\nThe subject of the State University occupied a prominent place in \nthe deliberations of this session. Among the proceedings of interest \nit may be mentioned that on December 7th, 1838, David R. Atchison, \nof CLay county (afterwards United States Senator), offered a resolu- \ntion in the House that "it is expedient to locate a State Seminary \nat this session." John Miller, of Cooper, moved to amend by placing \nthe prefix " in " before the word " expedient," whereupon a debate \nensued, which was not concluded till the next day. Benjamin Youngs \nof Callaway, offered the following amendment : " That such Seminary \nbe located at such place, and under such circumstances, as will admit \nof the introduction of the manual labor system,"\'*which was rejected. \nWhat became of Mr. Miller\'s amendment the journal does not show. \nThe original resolution passed \xe2\x80\x94 ayes, 62; nays, 29, the members \nfrom Boone voting aye. (See pages 90 and 91.) On motion of Mr. \nAtchison, the bill to establish a State University, introduced by John \nP. Morris, of Howard, together with the resolutions on the same sub- \nject, be referred to the Committee on Education (Benjamin Emmons, \nof St. Charles, chairman), with instructions to report a bill organizing \nand endowing a State University. (Page 93.) \n\nOn January 10th, 1839, Mr. Emmons reported from the committee \na bill entitled " An act to select a site for the State University,"^ \nwhich, on his motion, was referred to the Committee of the Whole \nHouse. (Page 201.) After several sittings of the committee, on \nFebruary 2, 1839, Jesse B. Thompson, of Clinton, chairman, reported \nthe bill back to the House, with sundry amendments. On Monday, \nFebruary 4, 1839, on motion of James Jackson, of Audrain, the \nHouse took up the report of the committee of the whole, where- \nupon, among other proceedings, A. M. Elston, of Cole, moved to \nstrike out Section 5, and insert in lieu thereof the following (page \n363): \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nSec. 5. The Commissioners, in selecting a site on which to locate the State Uni- \nversity, shall examine the public grounds in the neighborhood of Jefferson City and \n\n\n\n1 This bill was drafted and introduced by J. S. Kollins, of Boone, and Col. Wm. E. \nSwitzler has in his possession the original bill in Mr. Rollins\' handwriting, anci \nalso a copy in his handwriting of that admirable and eloquent speech made by him in \nfavor of the passage of the bill, the first set speech ever made by him in a legislative- \nbody. There being no reporters at that early day of the legislative proceedings, thi* \nspeech was never printed. \n\n\n\n244 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0estimate the value of the most suitable site thereon, containing forty acres, which, to- \ngether with such sum as may be subscribed by the people of Cole county, shall be \n\xe2\x96\xa0considered in connection with the interest of the State generally in such location. \n\nWhich was decided in the negative, after wliich Henry S. Geyer, of \nSt. Louis, moved to amend by inserting after section 15, four addi- \ntional sections, 16, 17, 18 and 19, whicli was agreed to; and these \nsections appear in the bill as finally passed. \n\nAmong the commissioners named in the first section of the bill was \nthe name of John Thornton, a citizen of Clay, which Mr. Morris, of \nHoward, moved to strike out. Agreed to. Jesse Morin, of Clay, \nmoved to fill the blank thus created with the name of Peter H. \nBurnett, of Clay ; Mr. Young, of Callaway, with the name of Andrew \nHobinson, and Mr. Chiles, of Jackson, with the name of Samuel \nWhite, of Jackson. Burnett\'s name was adopted. Joshua W. \nHedman, of Howard, moved as an amendment that which appears as \nthe twenty-second section of the law, and it was agreed to ; after \nwhich the bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time the \nnext day. The first item of business noted in the journal of the next \nmorning (Tuesday, February 5, 1839), is that James S. Rollins, of \nBoone, from the Committee on Engrossed Bills, reported the bill truly \nengrossed. \n\nOn the following day the bill was taken up in the House and read a \nthird time, when Mr. Rollins moved to amend, by way of a rider, an \nadditional section, section 24 of the law, which was adopted. The \nquestion then recurring on the passage of the bill, Mr. Morin called \nfor the ayes and nays, which were ordered, and the bill passed as \nfollows (page 385) : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. E. E. Acock, of Polk; Charles H. Ashby, of Livingston, David E. \nAtchison, of Clay; William Biggs, of Pike; Joseph Bogy, of St. Prancois; George P. \nBollinger, of Cape Girardeau; James W. Booth, of Pike; P. Bradshaw, of Stoddard; \nWilliam Brown, of Pranklin; Wilson Brown, of Scott; John A. Burt, of Callaway; \nGeorge Burckhardt, of Eandolph; J. D. Caldwell, of Ealls; William Carson, of Marion; \nCharles Carstarphen, of Ealls ; Thomas Caulk, of St. Louis ; P. E. Chiles, of Pranklin ; \nMerriwether Lewis Clark, of St. Louis; John D. Coalter, of St. Charles; John Corrill, \nof Caldwell; Eichard D. Cowan, of Wayne; Isaac Curd, of Callaway; John H. Curd, \n\nof Marion; Emerson, of ; Benjamin Emmons, of St. Charles; John B. \n\nPisher, of Morgan; Simeon Prost, of Crawford; James W. Pulkerson, of Johnson; \nRufus Pullerton, of Warren ; Henry S. Geyer, of St. Louis ; Jonathan Gore, of Monroe ; \n\nS. Hall, of Cooper; John W. Hancock, of ; Tyre Harris, of Boone; David M. \n\nHickman, of Boone ; B. P. Hickox, of Cooper; Holliman, of ; George W. \n\nHuston, of Lincoln; James Jackson, of Audrain; Thomas Jarx\'ell, of St. Louis; Myres \nP. Jones, of Washington ; M. Kelley, of Pike; Elias Kincheloe, of Shelby; P. Manning, \n\xe2\x80\xa2of Washington ; Littlebury Mason, of Barry ; Charles McLean, of Eandolph ; John \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 245 \n\nMiller, of Cooper; Thomas Minnis, of Carroll; Joseph Montgomery, of Bollinger; \nEobert Montgomery, of Pulaski; C. E. Morehead, of Ray; George E,. Netherton, of \nNew Madrid ; William N. Penn, of Monroe ; Alexander Persinger, of Boone ; John \nPolk, of Madison ; Wilson Primm, of St. Louis ; William Eichie, of Marion ; J. Eussell,. \nof Cape Girardeau; John Sappington, of St. Louis; Jonathan Smith, of Jefferson; \nThomas Watson, of Chariton ; Isaac Williams, of Cape Girardeau ; James Williams, of \nVan Buren, (now Henry) ; Benjamin Young, of Callaway; James Young, of Lafayette, \nand Mr. Speaker (Harvey, of Saline) \xe2\x80\x94 67. \n\nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Charles Canole, of Howard; Chesley Cannefax, of Greene; J. A. \nClark, of Linn; A. M. Elston, of Cole; James Euloe, of Cole; John D. Harrison, of \nGasconade; Thos. Jackson, of Howard; Wm. E. Kemp, of Pettis; Jesse Morin, of \nClay; J. B. Morris, of Howard; J. W. Redman, of Howard; Jesse B. Thompson, of \nClinton, and Edward Wilks, of Miller \xe2\x80\x94 11. \n\nAbsent, Sick \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs Hudspeth, of Washington; Samuel D. South, of Clark, ana \nJohnson Bright, of Macon \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nAbsent \xe2\x80\x94 William M. Bowering, of Lafayette; J. A. Chiles, of Jackson; John B. \n\nGordon, of Boone ; Holman, of ; Bernard Pratt, of St. Louis ; Addisou \n\nEeese, of Clark, and George B. Woodson, of Rives (now Cass) \xe2\x80\x94 7. \n\nOwing to some singular mistake or omission b}\'^ the Chief Clerk or \nother person, the following members are not reported as voting either \naye or nay, or as being either sick or absent : James S. Rollins, of \nBoone ; James M. Hughes, of Clay ; Thomas Jeffries, of Jackson ; \nBenj. Hunt, of Jefferson ; M. M. Maughs, of Montgomery ; Joab W. \nBurgee, of Perry, and Alfred Deatherage, of Ripley \xe2\x80\x94 7. The Clerk \nof the House unquestionably committed an error in omitting to record \nin the Journal the votes of the last named members. \n\nThe bill, having thus passed the House (February 6), was on the \nnext day reported to the Senate, where Abraham Hunter, of Scott^ \nmoved to strike out the words " Cooper, Howard and Callaway,\'* \nwhich was rejected. (See page 306.) J. T. V. Thompson, of Clay, \nmoved to strike out " Callaway," which was also rejected. Mr. Thomp- \nson then moved to amend the bill as follows : \n\nEach and every county named in this act shall pay, or bind themselves to pay, said \ninstitution, before they are allowed to bid, the sum of #1,000, for the privilege granted \nby this act. \n\nJohn Miller, of Cooper, offered to amend as follows : \n\nThe commissioners appointed by this act shall when considering the location of the \nState University, take into consideration the probable increased value of the public \nproperty at the seat of Government, and also how far they consider the faith of the \nState, by implication or otherwise, is pledged for its location at the seat of Govern- \nment. \n\nWhich was rejected on the first reading. \n\n\n\n246 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nWm. Monroe, of Morgan, offered to amend the bill by way of rider : \n\nThe said commissioners shall not locate said institution at any point, but shall make \na report to the next General Assembly setting forth the different proposals, with \ntheir opinion of the advantages and disadvantages likely to redound to the interest of \nthe State in acceptance of the different propositions. \n\nWhich was rejected as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes. \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Daniel Ashby, of Chariton; Wm. M. Campbell, of St. Charles; \n\nJohn Conger, of ; J. F. Danforth, of ; John F. Darbj\', of St. Louis; \n\nFrancis Deguire, of ; Joshua Gentry, of ; Cornelius Gilliam, of Platte ; \n\nThomas J. Gorham, of Randolph; Glasscock, of ; Thornton Grimsley, of \n\nSt. Louis; Frederick Hyatt, of St. Louis; David Jones, of Cooper; James Jones, of \nPike; Thomas C. Maupin, of Boone; Wm. McDaniel, of Marion; Jessie H. Mcllvain, \n\nof Washington; Josiah Morin, of ; Smallwood V. Nolan, of Jackson; George \n\nPenn, of Saline; Peter R.Pratt, of Ste. Genevieve; Charles R. Scott, of Howard; \n\nDavid Sterigere, of ; A. W. Turner, of Boone; J. T. V. Thompson, of Clay; \n\nHenry Watts, of ; \xe2\x80\x94 26. \n\nNays. \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Johnson H. Alford, of ; Abraham Bird, of ; \n\nAbraham Hunter, of Scott ; George W. Miller, of Cole ; William Monro, of Morgan ; \nJoseph Montgomery, of , and Owen Rawlins, of Howard \xe2\x80\x94 7. \n\nMr. Penn offered to amend, by way of I\'ider, add Saline after Cal- \nlaway in second section, which was read three several times. The \nquestion, Shall the bill, together with the rider, pass? was decided \naffirmatively, as follows ; \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Wm. M. Campbell, of St. Charles; John F. Darby, of St. Louis; \nJ. F. Danforth, of ; Francis Deguire, of ; Joshua Gentry, of Marion ; Cor- \nnelius Gilliam, of Platte; Glasscock, of ; Thomas J. Gorham, of Randolph; \n\nThornton Grimsley, of St. Louis; Frederick Hyatt, of St. Louis; David Jones, of \nCooper; James Jones, of Pike; Thomas C. Maupin, of Boone; Wm. McDaniel, of \nMarion; Jesse H. Mcllvain, of Washington; Josiah Morin, of \xe2\x80\x94 \xe2\x80\x94 ; Smallwood V. \n\nNolan, of Jackson; George Penn, of Saline; Peter R. Pratt, of ; A. W. Turner, \n\nof Boone; J. T. V. Thompson, of Clay, and Henry Watts, of . Total \xe2\x80\x94 22. \n\nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Johnson H. Alford, of ; Abraham Byrd, of ; John Conger, \n\nof ; Abraham Hunter, of Scott; G. W. Miller, of Cole; Wm. Monroe, of Morgan; \n\nJoseph Montgomery, of ; Owens Rawlins, of Howard; Charles P. Scott, of \n\nHoward, and David Sterigere, of . Total \xe2\x80\x94 11. \n\nSo the bill from the House passed the Senate with a single amend- \nment, namely, adding Saline after Callaway, and went to the House \nfor its concurrence, where it was taken up immediately and concurred \nin. (See page 396.) \n\nTHE LAW TO SELECT A SITE FOR THE STATE UNIVERSITY. \n\n(See session acts 1838, pp. 184, 185, 186, 187.) \n\n\n\nHISTORY OP BOONE COUNTY. 247 \n\nOn January 11, 1839, Mr. Geyer, of St. Louis, from the House \nCommittee on Education, to whom was referred the subject of a State \nUniversity and for the government of colleges and academies, reported \na bill to provide for the care and management of the seminary fund, \nand for the organization of the State University, definition of its \npowers, etc. (see page 210), which was referred to the Committee of \nthe Whole, and which, after due consideration and debate, was passed \xe2\x80\x94 \nayes, 44 ; nays, 31. (See page 397.) This bill was taken up in the \nSenate on February 9, and passed without calling the ayes and nays \n(see page 327), and can be found in the session acts of 1838, page 174. \nThis act, drafted by Henry S. Geyer, of St. Louis, a distinguished \nlawyer and afterwards United States Senator, was very elaborate, \nconsisting of five articles, and provided for colleges and academies in \ndifierent parts of the State, to be connected with the State University, \nand to be under the visitorial power of its curators . \n\nThis idea of a State University, with branches and subordinate in- \nstitutions scattered over the State, was a favorite one with many \ndistinguished men in the earlier history of the country, and was placed \nupon the statute book of several of the States ; but the plan was found \ncumbrous, and too unwieldy to be carried into practice, and was aban- \ndoned wherever projected. \n\nCONGRESS AUTHORIZES THE SALE OF THE SEMINARY LANDS, AND ON \nDECEMBER 20, 1838, THE AUDITOR REPORTS THEIR SALE. \n\nThe eighth section of " an act to create the office of surveyor of \npublic lands for the State of Louisiana," passed by Congress and ap- \nproved March 3, 1831, authorizes the Legislature of Missouri to sell \nthe seminary lands " and to invest the money arising from the sale \nthereof in some productive fund, the proceeds of which shall be for- \never applied by the Legislature of said State, solely to the use of \nsuch seminary, and for no other use or purpose whatsoever," as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nSec. 8. And be it further enacted, That the Legislature of the State of Missouri be, \nand is hereby authorized to sell and convey in fee simple all or any part of the lands \nheretofore reserved and appropriated by Congress for the use of the Seminary of learning \nin said State, and to invest the money arising from the sale thereof in some produc- \ntive fund, the proceeds of which shall be forever applied by the Legislature of said \nState, solely to the use of such Seminary, and for no other use or purpose whatso- \never. \n\n\n\n248 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nSALE OF SEMINARY LANDS. \n\nDaring the session of the Legislature of 1838-39, the Senate passed \na resolution calling on Hiram H. Baber, Auditor, for a tabular \nstatement showing the number of acres of seminary lands sold at \nthe several land districts in each year, since the commencement of \nthe sales of said lands, and also the number of acres remaining \nunsold in each district, to which on December 20, 1838, he replied \nas follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n(See Senate Journal, page 135.) \n\nNumber of acres selected for the Western District, 34,252.14. Amount sold in \nWestern District : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\n\n\nAcres. \n\n\n\n\nAcres. \n\n\n1831 \n\n\n80.00 \n\n16,882.66 \n\n9,645.01 \n\n\n1834 \n\n1835 \n\n\n3,121.03 \n\n\n1832 \n\n\n3,583.22 \n720.00 \n\n\n1833 \n\n\n1837 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal number of acres sold \n\n" " " unsold . \n\n\n\n34,031.92 \n220.49 \n\n\n\nNumber of acres selected for the Salt River District, 2,922.73. Amount sold in Salt \nRiver District : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\n\n\nAcres. \n\n\n\n\nAcres. \n\n\n1831 \n\n\n1,402.57 \n655.46 \n\n\nFrom December, 1833, to Jan- \nuary, 1837 \n\n\n\n\n1833 \n\n\n627.34 \n\n\n\nTotal number acres sold .... \n" " " unsold. \n\n\n\n2,685.37 \n107.36 \n\n\n\nNumber of acres selected for the Cape Girardeau District, 8,376.80. Amount sold in \nCape Girardeau District : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\n\n\nAcres. \n\n\n\n\nAcres. \n\n\n1833 \n\n\n906.14 \n\n1,249.88 \n\n986.93 \n\n\n1836 \n\n1837 \n\n\n535.03 \n\n\n1834 \n\n\n1,428.99 \n\n\n1835 \n\n\n1838 \n\n\n238.53 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal number acres sold .... \n" " " unsold. \n\n\n\n5,345.50 \n3,031.30 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 249 \n\nThus making the whole number of acres selected in the three dis- \ntricts 45,421.67, of which 39,484.51 had been sold, leaving unsold \n5,937.16. \n\nAbout 25,000 acres of these lands, more than half of the whole \nnumber, were located in Jackson County, and were among the most \nfertile and valuable lands in the State. Previous to the land sales at \nwhich they were offered combinations among the settlers were made, \nnot only to prevent non-residents or speculators from purchasing them,, \nbut to i^revent them from bringing anything above the Government \nprice ; and these combinations, by threats and by force, effected their \nobject, and in doing so deprived the seminary fund of at least $50,000. \nThe lands were, at the time of the sales, worth, and would have brought, \n$5, $8 and $10 per acre, and are now worth at least $20, but the com- \nbinations threatened with violence any man who would bid more than \nthe Government price for them. A gentleman from Virginia by the \nname of West attended the sales with a large sum of money to invest \nin the lands, learning which, the home land ring forcibly put him in \njail or other place of confinement, threatening his life if he bid at the \nsales, but informing him that if he desired a few pieces of land and \nwould give them their numbers, and none of the settlers wanted them, \nthey would bid them in for him. Mr. West sought redress of John \nF. Eyland, Judge of the Circuit Court, and he was disposed to grant \nit to the extent of his authority, but the land mob threatened to \nconfine him with West if he attempted to do anj\'thing in the \npremises. The combination thus overawed all outside bidders \nand the civil authorities, and procured titles to the richest land \nin the State at thousands and tens of thousands of dollars les& \nthan their value. \n\nTHE SEMINARY LANDS SELECTED. \n\nWe are indebted to the courtesy of Hon. N. C. McFarland, Com- \nmissioner of the General Land Office, June 15, 1882, and the kind \noffices of Hon. F. M. Cockerell, United States Senator from Mis- \nsouri, for the following list of lands selected by the commissioners \nappointed by the Governor of the State of Missouri for the purpose \nof selecting seventy-two sections, under the act of Congress of the \n24th of January, 1827, entitled " An Act concerning the selection of \ncertain lands heretofore granted by compact to the State of Missouri \n\n\n\n250 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nfor seminaries of learning," which said selection is made at the re- \nquest of the Honorable the Secretary of the Treasury of the United \nStates : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nDescription of Tracts. \n\n\nSection. \n\n\nTown, \n\nN. \n\n\nRange, \nW. \n\n\nArea \n\nof \n\nTracts. \n\n\nCOUNTY. \n\n\nAll of. \n\nAll of. \n\nAll of. \n\n\n28 \n\n33 \n\n32 \n\n31 \n\n6 \n\n3 \n\n12 \n\n13 \n\n21 \n\n19 \n\n20 \n\n29 \n\n30 \n\n17 \n\n33 \n\n32 \n\n27 \n\n35 \n\n34 \n\n36 \n\n25 \n\n26 \n\n35 \n\n34 \n\n13 \n\n24 \n\n10 \n\n15 \n\n21 \n\n20 \n\n14 \n\n11 \n\n28 \n\n3 \n\n2 \n\n1 \n\n4 \n\n17 \n\n9 \n\n8 \n\n11 \n\n2 \n\n3 \n\n10 \n15 \n21 \n\n22 \n17 \n20 \n4 \n9 \n19 \n25 \n23 \n\n\n51 \n51 \n51 \n51 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n50 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n49 \n50 \n50 \n\n\n30 \n30 \n30 \n30 \n30 \n30 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n31 \n33 \n33 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n32 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n33 \n29 \n29 \n\n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n629.56 \n\n621.34 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n642.88 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640.01 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n655.19 \n\n493.48 \n\n648.47 \n\n656.72 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n648.89 \n\n648.02 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n640 \n\n647.01 \n\n640 \n\n572.62 \n\n640 \n\n543.55 \n\n\nKay. \nKay. \nKay. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nKay. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nKay. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nKay. \n\n\nAH of... \n\n\nKay. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nLafayette. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nLafayette. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nLafayette. \nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of... \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of..... \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of..... \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJ ackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\nAH of \n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \nJackson. \nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nEast half and n. w. quarter \n\nAH of. \n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \nJackson. \nJackson. \n\n\nAll of- \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \nJackson. \n\n\nAH of \n\n\nJackson, \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of...... \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nJackson. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\nLafayette. \nLafayette. \n\n\nAH of. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n251 \n\n\n\nLIST OF SEMiNART LANDS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nAll of. \n\n\n12 \n\n3 \n\n18 \n\n24 \n\n25 \n\n36 \n\n1 \n\n12 \n\n13 \n\n21 \n\n80 \n\n81 \n\n27 \n\n5 \n\n15 \n\n1 \n\n2 \n\n31 \n\n36 \n\n25 \n\n25 \n\n36 \n\n1 \n\n\n34 \n84 \n84 \n\n27 \n27 \n27 \n26 \n26 \n26 \n29 \n25 \n25 \n24 \n61 \n56 \n52 \n52 \n61 \n61 \n61 \n61 \n61 \n29 \n\n\nHE. \n\n11 " \n\n12 " \n\n13 " \n13 " \n18 " \n13 " \n13 " \n\n13 " \n\n14 " \n14 " \n14 " \n14 \'< \n\n6 W. \n6 " \n1 " \n1 " \n\n5 " \n\n6 " \n6 " \n6 " \n6 " \n\n14 E. \n\n\n640 \n630.67 \n630.67 \n634.85 \n624.61 \n619.71 \n603.64 \n717.04 \n708.85 \n640 \n476.85 \n640.85 \n640 \n590.14 \n640 \n308.41 \n559.48 \n96.15 \n160 \n125.49 \n160 \n160 \n\n\nPerry. \nPerry. \nPerrv. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nScott. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nScott. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nScott. \n\n\nA-U of \n\n\nScott. \n\n\nAll of..... \n\n\nScott. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nScott. \n\n\nAll of \n\n\n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nNew Madrid. \n\n\nAll of. \n\nAll of \n\n\nNew Madrid. \n\n\nAll of. \n\n\n\n\nAll of. \n\n\nRalls \n\n\nFractional \n\n\nPike \n\n\nEraetional \n\nJ!T. W. fractional quarter.. \nN. E. quarter \n\n\nPike. \n\nLewis. \n\n\nS. E. fractional quarter... \nS. \'W . quarter of. \n\n\nLewis. \n\n\nN. W. quarter of. \n\nAll of. \n\n\nLewis. \nScott \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nTotal number of acres 45,299.15 \n\nNote. \xe2\x80\x94 By reference to the above it will be seen that by selecting fractional sections \n(adjoining other lands selected, however), the quantity selected exceeds the aggregate of \nseventy-two full sections by about seventy-five acres. If this excess shall be deemed mate- \nrial, it is wished that it may be taken oflF the west half of the northwest quarter of section \n36, township 61, range 6 (Lewis county). \n\ncertificate of the governor of missouri. \n\nExecutive Department, -v \n\nCity of Jefferson, March 25, 1828. j \nI, John Miller, Governor of the State of Missouri, do hereby certify that the above list \nIs correct, representing the several tracts of land selected under the above recited act of \n\xe2\x96\xa0Congress and according to the request of the honorable the Secretary of the Treasury of \nthe United States of the 21st August, 1827. This is a full report of the lands selected, in- \ncluding those comprehended in the report of the 28th ." January, 1828, then made to the \nhonorable the Secretary of the Treasury. JOHN MILLER. \n\nTo the Hon. Richard Rush, Secretary of the Treasury of the United States. \n\nThe selections above reported are approved, with the exception of section 1, township \n29, range 14. \n\nApproved, with the exception of section 1, township 29, range 14. \n\nR. RUSH. \nTreasury Department, June 6, 1828. \n\n\n\nTHE FIRST BOARD OF CURATORS. \n\nAmong other things, the bill provided that the number of cura- \ntors should be fifteen, who should be chosen by joint vote of \nthe Senate and House of Representatives, and should hold their \n\n\n\n252 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\noffices for two years, and until their successors were duly elected \nand qualified. \n\nOn Saturday, February 9, 1839, Mr. Coalter, of St. Charles, intro- \nduced a concurrent resolution in the House, providing that the two \nHouses will meet in the hall of the House on Monday next ensuing, \nat 2 o\'clock p. M., for the purpose of electing a superintendent of \npublic schools and fifteen curators of the University, which passed. \n(See page 430.) The Senate concurring, the two Houses met pur- \nsuant to the resolution, and after the election of Peter G. Glover, of \nCole County, superintendent of common schools, proceeded to the \nelection of curators. \n\nMr. Young, of Lafayette, (page 443) nominated Messrs. T. M. Allen \nand EliE. Bass, of Boone County, I. O. Hockaday and John A. Hen- \nderson, of Callaway, John J. Lowry and Roland Hughes, of Howard \nCounty ; Thomas A. Smith and M. M. Marmaduke, of Saline ; George \nC. Hart and Gabriel Tntt, of Cooper ; Wm. Scott and R. W. Wells, \nof Cole County ; Josiah Spaulding, of St. Louis ; Thomas Allen, of \nRay ; David Weir, of St. Clair County, for the office of curators of the \nState University. \n\nMr. Penn, of the Senate, moved to strike out the name of Rolandl \nHughes and insert in lieu thereof that of Abiel Leonard, which was \nrejected, and there being no other nominees, they were selected by \nyeas and nays \xe2\x80\x94 yeas 91, nays 1 \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Redman of Howard. \n\nTHE CONTEST FOR THE UNIVERSITY IN 1839. \n\nThe question of the location of the University being remitted by \nthe act of the General Assembly, heretofore quoted, to the people of \nthe several counties named in said act, the subject at once awakened \nthe liveliest interest in several of them \xe2\x80\x94 notably in Boone, Callaway \nand Howard. A most remarkable, contest ensued to secure the prof- \nfered boon by newspaper articles, public meetings and public speeches, \nand the importunities and personal solicitations of numerous canvassing \ncommittees, the liberality and county pride of the people were stirred \nto their profoundest depths. \n\nThe history of no new or sparsely settled State in the Union afl^ords \na parallel to the general enthusiasm and public spirit which were \nawakened on the subject of education during this contest. \n\nIn Boone County, which then had a population of less than 14,000,. \nand doubtless the same remark is true of the other counties where an \nearnest eftbrt was made to secure the location, all business for the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 253 \n\ntime was measurably suspended. Canvassing committees made per- \nsonal visits, in many instances oft-repeated, to every citizen, taking \nsubscriptions of money ranging in amounts from one dollar to three \nthousand dollars. \n\nAnd it is also worthy of special mention, as a remarkable instance \nof liberality in a new State, that one of the two three thousand \ndollar subscriptions, which were the largest given, was made by \nEdward Camplin, a man who could neither read nor write. The \nCounty of Boone, in addition to the action of individual citizens above \nreferred to, was thoroughly canvassed by a number of the best speakers \nand most ardent friends of education residing in the county. The \nHon. Jas. S. Rollins, being the author of the bill providing for the \nlocation of the institution, and the most eloquent and earnest cham- \npion for its passage by the General Assembl}\'-, led the way, and with \nthe powerful aid of the Hon. John B. Gordon, one of the strongest \nspeakers in the State ; Sinclair Kirtley, Esq., a prominent member of \nthe bar of Columbia; Warren Woodson, Clerk of the County Court; \nJames M. Gordon, a young attorney of the Columbia bar; William \nCornelius, a good speaker and prominent merchant of Columbia, and \nothers equally zealous, attended and addressed a great number of \nmeetings held in every part of the county, from the Grand Prairie on \nthe north (then almost wholly unsettled), to the Missouri River and \nto the mouth of Cedar Creek on the south and east, appealing to the \npeople by every possible argument that could influence them to do all \nin their power, and not permit the opportunity to escape of securing \nthe great prize of the location of a university in their midst. No \nsuch important question was ever before or has since been presented \nto the voters of the county. Here was an institution intended to last \nforever, and if properly maintained, as provided for in the Constitution \nby the General Assembly of the State, its influence and teachings \nupon the social, moral and intellectual culture and elevation of the \npeople and their posterity, not only of the county, but of the entire \nState, will last as long as the Government itself. With an apprecia- \ntive people this was a prize worth contending for. Under the bill \naboye referred to the contest was to be short, sharp and decisive. It \nwas most ably conducted, and the inhabitants of the county, although \nthen sparse and generally in moderate circumstances, responded to \nthe appeals made to them in the most liberal and enlightened manner. \nThey set an example for their posterity worthy of imitation through- \nout all the ages that are to follow. \n\n\n\n254 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n\nCZ^^^^^0t^i^\' \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n255 \n\n\n\nIn this contest there were a number of noted instances of effort and \nliberality worthy of mention. Dr. Anthony Wayne Rollins, having^ \nno property interest at the county seat, residing on his farm in \nthe extreme western part of the county, midway between Columbia \nand Fayette, on the Howard County line, took charge of the entire \ncounty west of the Perche Creek, to the mouth of the Moniteau, em- \nbracing Missouri and Perche Townships. He was the largest sub- \nscriber in that district for the location of the university in Boone \nCounty, and by his assiduity, energy and vigilance, he obtained, with \nthe aid of others j a large subscription from that part of the countj^ and \nlong afterwards evinced great interest in the cause of popular and \nhigher education, by making liberal provision out of his not large \nestate, for the benefit of meritorious and indigent youths, male and \nfemale, who might have the desire as well as the talent, energy and \nambition to obtain a college education. \n\nThe contest closed by the people of Boone County vohmtarily sub- \nscribing in money and in lands the large sum of $117,900, for the \nlocation of the institution, which was a gift to the people of the State,. \nand to their honor let it be said and forever remembered, that not one \ndollar of this sum was ever repudiated, but the whole collected and \nappropriated for the benefit of the Public School Fund of the State a& \nprovided in the Constitution of the State. \n\nTHE SUBSCRIPTION LISTS. \n\n\n\nThe following is a copy, alphabetically arranged, of all subscriptions \nmade in Boone County above $100 to secure the location of the Uni- \nversity, the publishers being compelled, for lack of space, to omit the \ncomplete list : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nWe, the undersigned, whose names are hereto subscribed, agree and bind ourselves \nto pay to the State of Missouri the sum opposite our names ; one-half in one and the \nbalance in two years from the first day of June, 1839, for the use and benefit of the State \nUniversity, provided that it is located in Boone County. \n\n\n\nA. \n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCKIBED. \n\nAnderson, H. A $100 00 \n\nAllen, Thomas M 600 00 \n\nArnold, T. T 200 00 \n\nArnold James 100 00 \n\nArmstrong, Abner E 100 00 \n\nArnold, M. K 250 00 \n\n\n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCBIBED. \n\nBass, Eli E $3,000 00 \n\nBonnett, J. H 1,500 00 \n\nBradford, Austin 400 00 \n\nBerry, Benjamin 100 00 \n\nBeasly, James 100 00 \n\nBranham, K. C .\xe2\x96\xa0 500 Oa \n\n\n\n256 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCRIBED. \n\nBryan, Littleton $350 00 \n\nBranham, C. C 100 00 \n\nBeattie, Mary 100 00 \n\nBondurant, Caleb 100 00 \n\nBatterton, John 100 00 \n\nBuckley, Thomas 200 00 \n\nBarnes, James 100 00 \n\nBaker, John H 100 00 \n\nBarnes, Benjamin 100 00 \n\nEarr,Kobert S 1,077 00 \n\nBass, Lawrence 300 00 \n\nBaker, Moses 100 00 \n\nBarns, Philip 100 00 \n\nBrown, Joseph 150 00 \n\nBrown, James E 200 00 \n\nBlack, Reuben D..... 200 00 \n\nBryan, J.H.&Co 1,000 00 \n\nO. \n\nCurtis, Fielding 100 00 \n\n\xe2\x82\xacamplin, Edward 3,000 00 \n\nConway, Francis F 100 00 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0Crumbaugh, Henry 200 00 \n\nCurtis, Nelson 300 00 \n\nCromwell, Richard 200 00 \n\nCotton, John J 200 00 \n\nChandler, James 100 00 \n\nOowan, Andrew 150 00 \n\nCrockett, Samuel 100 00 \n\nClark, Richard 100 00 \n\nCunningham, James L 100 00 \n\nCave, "William S 150 00 \n\nCunningham, John 200 00 \n\nCochran, Robert 100 00 \n\nCochran, William 100 00 \n\nCopeland, John, Sr 100 00 \n\nCurtis, Nelson 350 00 \n\nCarter, Nelson 300 00 \n\nCornelius, Milton 100 00 \n\nCornelius, William 1,000 00 \n\nConley, Benjamin 200 00 \n\nCave,E.H...". 100 00 \n\nD. \n\nDaniel, Turner R 200 00 \n\nDavis, John 200 00 \n\nDunn, Jas 150 00 \n\nDale, Jesse 150 00 \n\nDouglass, W 100 00 \n\nDavenport, Abraham 125 00 \n\nDonnally, J.W 100 00 \n\nDuncan, William H 350 00 \n\n\n\nE. \n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCRIBED. \n\nEstes, Berkley $300 00 \n\nEstes, Joseph 200 00 \n\nEllis, John 100 00 \n\nEvans, Stephen G 150 00 \n\nEasly, Edward 100 00 \n\nF. \n\nFenton, Caleb 100 00 \n\nFerguson, James 200 00 \n\nFinley, Filander 100 00 \n\nFerguson, John 250 00 \n\nFowler, Joseph 100 00 \n\nField, John H 600 00 \n\nG. \n\nGordon, George W 200 00 \n\nGordon, David 500 00 \n\nGordon, James M 150 00 \n\nGentry, R.H 250 00 \n\nGuitar, John 1,000 00 \n\nGeorge, William N 150 00 \n\nGentry, 0. P 250 00 \n\nGrant, Thomas D 300 00 \n\nGlenn, Alexander 100 00 \n\nGrifFy, Edward B 100 00 \n\nGraham, R. M 100 00 \n\nGrant, Daniel 150 00 \n\nGosline, William 100 00 \n\nGordon, John B 300 00 \n\nH. \n\nHickman. D. N 200 00 \n\nHapden, Richard 100 00 \n\nHenderson, John 100 00 \n\nHill, John T 200 00 \n\nHaden, J. H 100 00 \n\nHicks, Young E 500 00 \n\nHickman, William T 100 00 \n\nHarris, James 100 00 \n\nHockaday, P. B 200 00 \n\nHopper James 100 00 \n\nHickman, Joseph W 100 00 \n\nHoward, Joseph B 1,750 00 \n\nHuston, William B 150 00 \n\nHarris, John W 100 00 \n\nHamilton, F. A 300 00 \n\nHarris, Caleb R 400 00 \n\nHitt, William Y 800 00 \n\nHickman, R 100 00 \n\nHannah, Andrew 150 00 \n\nHenry, J. T 200 00 \n\nHannah, Samuel 150 00 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n257 \n\n\n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCRIBED, \n\nHudson, Samuel $150 00 \n\nHickam, George L 100 00 \n\nHume, George 100 00 \n\nHunt, L. B 100 00 \n\nHardin, Hannah 500 00 \n\nHarris, Overton 100 00 \n\nHudels, Samuel..... 100 00 \n\nJ. \n\nJohnson, Elijah 200 00 \n\nJohnston, Noah S 100 00 \n\nJohnston, John T. M 100 00 \n\nJoel, George 200 00 \n\nJewell, William 1,800 00 \n\nJohnston, Jacob S 100 00 \n\nJewell, J. Boyle 100 00 \n\nJohnson, J. E 150 00 \n\nK. \n\nKirtley, Sinclair.... 800 00 \n\nKuykendall, Jacob 100 00 \n\nKimbrough, George W 100 00 \n\nKing, James 100 00 \n\nKennan, Samuel 100 00 \n\nKeene, John G 100 00 \n\nKeene, James S 100 00 \n\nKelly, James 100 00 \n\nKidd, Allen H 100 00 \n\nKeene, Richard L 100 00 \n\nKirkbride, Jonathan 500 00 \n\nKeene, Henry 125 00 \n\nKernan, JohnA 150 00 \n\nKieth, John 200 00 \n\nL. \n\nLenoir, William. B 100 00 \n\nLampton, John 100 00 \n\nLemon, Robert 100 00 \n\nLampton, Joshua 200 00 \n\nLientz, Mont. P 125 00 \n\nLenoir, W. R 100 00 \n\nLowery, James S .\' 100 00 \n\nLynch, John H 500 00 \n\nLampton, William 350 00 \n\nLamme, D. S 1,200 00 \n\nLamme, D. S.,L. P. L., &D.S.L. 2,000 00 \n\nM. \n\nMatthews, James L 100 00 \n\nMartin, John 250 00 \n\nMcClintock, John 150 00 \n\nMiller, Thomas 200 00 \n\nMaupin, William * 400 00 \n\n17 \n\n\n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCRIBED. \n\nMaupin, T. C 200 00 \n\nMcBaine, Turner 100 00 \n\nMarney, Amos 500 00 \n\nMurrell, Samuel 200 00 \n\nMcAfee, E. L 200 00 \n\nN. \n\nNorthcutt, George 800 00 \n\nNelson, J. L 150 00 \n\nNelson, J. C 100 00 \n\nNorton, Joshua 100 00 \n\nNorthcutt, Benjamin F 250 00 \n\nNichols, Kobert 100 00 \n\nNorthcutt, T M 100 00 \n\nNelson, JohnT 100 00 \n\nNelson, Robert 100 00 \n\nNorthcutt, Joseph 100 00 \n\nNorthcutt, William, Sr 300 00 \n\nNichols, Isam 500 00 \n\nNorthcutt, Eli 150 00 \n\nO. \n\n0\'Rear,E. C 150 00 \n\nO\'Rear, Jeremiah 100 00 \n\nOsburn, John 300 00 \n\nP. \n\nParks, Levi 20000 \n\nPayne, Noah 100 00 \n\nPark, Allen 100 00 \n\nParker, Oliver 2,200 00 \n\nPace, John 100 00 \n\nParker, John 300 00 \n\nPalmer, Jas 100 00 \n\nPowers, Thos. E 200 00 \n\nPayne, Moses U 1,250 00 \n\nPrather, Thomas 200 00 \n\nPersinger, Alexander 200 00 \n\nParks, Price R 100 00 \n\nPhillips, Hiram 500 00 \n\nPockman, John B \xe2\x80\x94 lot 305, in \nColumbia. \n\nPrewitt, Moss 1,500 00 \n\nProvines, William 400 00 \n\nPeebels, A. L 150 00 \n\nPeebels, Carey \xe2\x80\x94 lot No. 10 in \nRocheport. \n\nR. \n\nRollins, James S 2,000 00 \n\nRichardson, James 500 00 \n\nRollins, Anthony W 1,500 00 \n\nRogers, Frank 300 00 \n\n\n\n258 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCRIBED. \n\nKeady, Henry H 500 00 \n\nRobnett,W. C 400 00 \n\nRidgway, William 100 00 \n\nRobnett, Pleasant SOO 00 \n\nRowland, William 250 00 \n\nRiggs, Zadock 100 00 \n\nRiggs, Silas 100 00 \n\nRoberts, William M 100 00 \n\nRogers, Washington 100 00 \n\nRogers, James 100 00 \n\nRobinson, S. S 100 00 \n\nRollins, Robert Rodes 150 00 \n\nS. \n\nSearcy, Lemuel B 100 00 \n\nShields, William \xe2\x80\x94 40 acres of \nland. \n\nStone, Madison D 100 00 \n\nSamuel, G. W 10000 \n\nStone.William W 100 00 \n\nStone, Nathan 100 00 \n\nSnell, RichardD 200 00 \n\nSprinkle, Charles 200 00 \n\nSmith, Henry 200 00 \n\nSutton, Seneca 100 00 \n\nSpence, Andrt-w 200 00 \n\nSlack, John 150 00 \n\nSmith, William 100 00 \n\nStone, Caleb S 400 00 \n\nStone, Caleb, Sr 100 00 \n\nSelby, Thomas 400 00 \n\nSanford, W. T. B 100 00 \n\nT. \n\nTurner, A. W 1,500 00 \n\nTodd, David * 800 00 \n\nToalson, William 100 00 \n\nTuttle, John 500 00 \n\nTuttle, Gilpin S 200 00 \n\nTurner, James 100 00 \n\nTurner, J. B 100 00 \n\nTurner, Thomas 100 00 \n\n\n\nSUMS \nNAMES. SUBSCRIBED. \n\nTurner, Jesse 350 00 \n\nTurner, .James 100 00 \n\nTurner, Benjamin 100 00 \n\nThomas, R. S 500 00 \n\nTruitt,W. S 500 00 \n\nTodd, R. N. \xe2\x80\x94 6 lots and 200 00 \n\nTrigg, Joseph 200 00 \n\nTodd, W. B 100 00 \n\nTurner, Enoch 200 00 \n\nV. \n\nVan Doren, Luther H. V 250 00. \n\nYallandingham, James 100 00 \n\nVandyke, Milton 500 OO \n\nVanhorn, John 250 00 \n\nVallandingham, Mathenas \xe2\x80\x94 lot \n\n68 in Columbia and.. 100 00 \n\nVivian, J. G 100 00 \n\n\n\nW. \n\n\n\nWoodson, Warren. \n"Wilson, James C... \n\nWinn, John \n\nWade, Pierct- \n\nWilson, J.W \n\nWilson, N.W \n\nWoods, J. H \n\nWilson, Mrs. C.K.. \n\nWest, William \n\nWare, John \n\nWest, James M \n\nWall, Samuel \n\nWilcox, Geo. ii."..., \nWilcox, Edwin R .\'. \nWilcox, Joseph.;.\'. \nWaters, Joseph.... \nWoods, Joseph D.. \nWilhite, Stephen... \nWoolfolk, John.... \nWilcox, Lucy. ..\'\xe2\x96\xa0.. . \nWingo, Thomas.... \n\n\n\n,250 oa. \n\n150 00 \n100 00 \n100,00 \n300 00 \n500 00\' \n600 00 \n250 00 \n100 00 \n150 00 \n100 00 \n500 00 \n100 00 \n100 00 \n100 00 \n100 00 \n100 00 \n100 00 \n100 00 \n300 00 \n100 00 \n\n\n\nThe amount bid by Boone County, land and mone}^ was $117,900; \nCallaway, $96,000; Howard, $94,000; Cooper, $40,000; Cole, $30,- \n000. Saline County did not enter the contest. \n\n\n\nTHE UNIVERSITY LOCATED AT COLUMBIA. \n\nThe law provided, as we have seen, that the five commissioners \nshould meet in the City of Jefferson on the first Monday of June, 1839, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 25? \n\nand thereafter at such times as they might appoint at the county \nseat of each county mentioned, to receive conveyances of hind and \nsubscriptions of money, to be void if the University was not located \nat the county seat of the county in which they were made. After \nvisiting all the county seats and receiving bids the commissioners were \nto return to the seat of government and open the bids; "and the \nplace jDresenting most advantages to be derived to said University, \nkeeping in view the amount subscribed, and locality and general \nadvantages, shall be entitled to its location." \n\nIt was also provided that each county was privileged to appoint an \nagent to represent it at the seat of government at the final meeting ot \nthe commissioners whose duty it was to open the bids and make the \nlocation. The Boone County Court honored James S. Rollins with \nthe appointment, and most faithfully, most successfully, did he dis- \ncharge its high responsibilities.^ \n\nOn the 24th of June, 1839, the commissioners, having made the \ncircuit of all the contending counties, examined their proffered sites \nand received their bids, met in Jefferson City, opened the bids, and \nawarded the great prize of the location to Columbia, in the county of \nBoone. The following is a copy of the award : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThe Commissioners appointed by law to select a site for the State University have \nagreed unanimously in the choice of Boone County for its location. \n\nGiven under our hands at the City of Jefferson, this twenty-fourth day of June, in \nthe year 1839. \n\n[Signed] JOHN GANG BRYAN, \n\nCH. DURKEE, \nARCHIBALD GAMBLE, \nJOHN S. PHELPS, \nPETER H. BURNETT. \n\nIt is an incident worthy of notice that the Commissioners appointed \nto select the site for the State University, before entering upon their \nduties as such, met at Jefferson City, the seat of government, and, \n\n\n\n1 Extract from the journal of County Court, p. 501: "Tuesday, May 28, 1839. \nPresent \xe2\x80\x94 Overton Harris, Hiram Phillips, Mathew R.Arnold, Judges; Warren Wood- \nson, Clerk; John M. Kelly, Deputy Sheriff. Ordered by the Court that Jas. S. Rollins \nbe and is hereby appointed a Commissioner on the part of this county to meet with the \nCommissioners appointed to locate the State University, at the seat of government, at \nsuch time as said Commissioners shall appoint, for the purpose of being present at \nthe opening and comparing of the bids made by the different counties authorized to \nbid for said University; and in the event of said Rollins being prevented from attend- \ning and acting as said Commissioner that Sinclair Kirtley be appointed to act in his \nstead, and that a certificate of such appointment be presented. \n\n\n\n260 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nafter taking the oath required by hiw, visited the counties entitled to \nbid in the following order, and received their sealed subscriptions, to \nwit: Cole, Cooper, Saline, Howard, Boone and Callaway. Whilst \nthe Commissioners were visiting Howard County, it was deemed pru- \ndent that some one from this county should go to Fayette and \nascertain, as far as he could, what progress the Commissioners were \nmaking in securing subscriptions. The Hon. Jas. S. Rollins was \nselected for this mission, and in a short time after arriving at Fayette \nhe learned from Col. Joe Davis, a member of the bar, that the citizens \nhad bought and tendered to the Commissioners a handsome farm \nbelonging to Gov. Thos. Reynolds, and which was situated in imme- \ndiate proximity to Howard College, containing 200 acres. This \nvaluable farm was purchased conditionally upon the location of the \nUniversity at Fayette, for the low sum of $30 per acre, making $6,000, \nbut which the Commissioners valued, in receiving it as part of the bid \nof Howard County, at $80 per acre, making a difference of $10,000 \nbetween the amount agreed to be paid for it by the citizens and the \namount at which the Commissioners received it as a part of the bid of \nthat county, and thus adding $10,000 to the bid of Howard County. \nMr. Rollins, on his return to Columbia in advance of the Commis- \nsioners, advised the proper committee here of the above state of \nfacts ; this committee being composed of such men as Robt. S. Barr, \nWm. Cornelius, Oliver Parker, Sinclair Kirtley, Warren Woodson, \nand others, when they determined promptly to pursue a similar \npolicy, and purchase a farm equally as large and contiguous to the \nproposed site of the University here. Such a tract of land was \ndifficult to be had, when an appeal was made to Mr. J. S. Rollins to \nsell to them his farm, upon which he was then living and where he \nnow resides, who finally agreed to dispose of one-half of his farm, \namounting to 220 acres, including the beautiful grounds owned at \npresent by the Boone County Agricultural and Mechanical Associa- \ntion, and also the handsome grounds on which was subsequently \nerected the Hudson mansion, running as far east and southeast as to \ninclude the present residence of the Hon. Boyle Gordon, being the \nsouthwest fractional quarter of section 18, township 48, range 12, and \nwhich he consented to sell at whatever sum the committee might \nplace upon it. The committee fixed the price at $25 per acre, con- \nditioned upon the location of the University in the County of Boone, \nand which for the 220 acres amounted to the sum of $5,500. \n\nThe Commissioners, after arriving in Columbia, and examining the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 261 \n\nland above descrfbed, valued it at $75 per acre, and thus added $11,^- \n000 to the subscription of Boone County, being the difference agreed \nto be paid to Mr. Rollins, to- wit, the sum of $5,500, and the vahie \nplaced upon it by the Commissioners, to wit, $16,500, and thus fairly \nin fact making his voluntary subscj\'iption $13,000, including the $2,000 \nwhich he had already subscribed and which he subsequently paid in \ncash. \n\nThe organization of the State University, and the erection of the \nmain edifice followed close upon this act of location. It is still a mat- \nter of some importance, to notice that, in pursuance of the purpose of \nthe land grant of 1820, the location of the University was accomplished \nby the authority of the State, in the most formal, open and public \nmanner, after a free and extensive competition. \n\nTHE FIRST MEETING OF THE FIRST BOARD OF CURATORS \n\nWas held at the site selected for the University on Monday, October \n7, 1839. Present : Thomas M. Allen, Eli E. Bass, M. M. Marmaduke, \nGabriel Tutt, John T. A. Henderson and William Scott, who sever- \nally took the oath of office. There being no quorum the board ad- \njourned from day to day until Thursday, October 10, when George \nC. Hart appeared, making a quorum, whereupon the board, assembled \non the site selected for the building, proceeded to organize by the \nelection of William Scott, President; Thomas M. Allen, Vice-Presi- \ndent and William Cornelius, Secretary. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Marmaduke, the president appointed a committee \nof five to obtain from architects suitable plans for the principal edifice \nof the University, and ascertain from competent persons the probable \ncost of the building if erected according to such plan, and report to \nthe next meeting. Committee : George C. Hart, T. M. Allen, J. T \nA. Henderson, Dr. John J. Lowry and Robert W. Wells, to which \nthe president (William Scott) was added. On motion of Mr. Hen- \nderson, the secretary was instructed to take charge of Columbia Col- \nlege building, which, together with the grounds, had been donated to \nthe State in consideration of the location of tho University at Colum- \nbia, and of the University grounds, until a president shall be elected. \n\nAdjourned to meet on Monday, October 28, 1839, in the Columbia \nFenjale Academy, then a one-story brick building, now owned by Dr. \nS. B. Victor, and situated vvest of the residence of Dr. G. W. Rig- \ngins on Tenth Street. There was no quorum at this meeting, but a \nquorum appearing next day, namely, Thomas M. Allen, Eli E. Bass, \n\n\n\n2^2 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJohn J. Lowiy, Koland Hughes, Irvin O. Hockaday, George C. Hart, \nP. H. McBride, Thomas West and William Lientz, the board pro- \nceeded to the University grounds and examined them. Returning to \nthe academy the board proceeded to an examination of the plans and \nestimates for the University edifice, whereupon A. S. Hills and Wil- \nliam M. Winters submitted plans, the first of which (Hill\'s) was \nadopted, and $75,000 appropriated for the erection and completion of \nthe building \xe2\x80\x94 the building committee of three members T. M. Allen, \nE. E. Bass and William Lientz was apprflnted to receive bids for the \ncompletion of the building according to the plan and specifications \nadopted. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Lowry the presidential term was fixed at six \nyears, and his salary at $3,000 per annum. \n\nMr. Lowry submitted the following resolution : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBesolved, That the principal edifice of the University be erected on the eminence \nsouth of Columbia, opposite Tenth street. \n\nWhich was rejected by the following vote : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nYeas \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Hart, Hockaday, Lowry and McBride \xe2\x80\x94 4. \n\nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Bass, Hughes, Lientz, West and the Vice President (Allen) \xe2\x80\x94 5. \n\nMr. Hus^hes submitted the followino^ resolution : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBesolved, That the principal edifice of the University of the State of Missouri be \nerected at or near the centre of the four eleven-acre lots, and fronting Seventh \nstreet. \n\nWhich was rejected by the following vote : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nYeas \xe2\x80\x94 Bass, Hockaday and Hughes \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Hart, Lientz, Lovpry, McBride and West \xe2\x80\x94 5. \n\nMr. West submitted the following; resolution : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBesolved, That the principal edifice of the University be erected upon the eminence \nfronting the south end of Eighth street, and as near as practicable to the line running \neast and v^^est through the four eleven-acre lots . \n\nWhich was adopted by a unanimous vote. \n\nAt a special meeting of the Board, March 31, 1840, the report of \nthe building committee was made and adopted. Present : T. M. \nAllen, M. M. Marmaduke, E. E. Bass, Wm. Lientz, Thos. D. Grant, \nWm. Shields, George Penn and Warren Woodson. The report em- \nbraced a copy of the advertisement for sealed proposals which they \nhad extensively published in the newspapers of this and other \nStates east and south, and also that the lowest bidders were \nJudson Clement, Phineas Kennon, George D. Foote and Eliott P. \nCunningham, who proposed to complete the building according to \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 263 \n\nthe plan of A. Stephen Hills for $74,494, with James M. Seely, \nJacob Hodgeus, Henry Caswell and Robert Dunlap as sureties ; and \nthat they had employed Mr. Hills as architect to superintend the \nerection of the building. \n\nAt the meeting on the next day, April 1, 1840, Dr. Anthony W. \nRollins took his seat in the Board for the first time. Wm. Scott \nhaving resigned his membership, Thos. M. Allen was elected Presi- \ndent, M. M. Marmaduke Vice President, and Warren Woodson \nTreasurer of the Board, the latter of whom was required to give a \nbond of $2,000, which he gave. \n\nAt a special meeting, July 3, 1840, Dr. Wm. H. Duncan took his \nseat in the Board for the first time. \n\nLAYING THE CORNER STONE. \n\nThe building committee made a report of the arrangements for \nlaying the corner stone of the edifice, which was adopted, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThey have] fixed on the 4th day of July, instant, as the time of laying the corner- \nstone of the principal edifice and requested James L. Minor and Uriel "Wright, Esqrs., \nand Rev. John L. Yantis to deliver addresses appropriate to the occasion, and \nalso Mr. Yantis to officiate as chaplain. Mr. Minor has accepted the invitation \nand will be with us at the celebration, but Messrs. Wright and Yantis have refused to \ncomply with the call made upon them, and we have supplied the place of chaplain, ten- \ndered Mr. Yantis, by the appointment of Rev. Robert L. McAfee. \n\nYour committee further report that they have given a general invitation through \nthe medium of the Columbia Patriot, and requested other public journals friendly to \nthe institution and X\\\\e cause of education to insert the same in their prints, to the \nGovernor and officers of State, and to the citizens of this and adjoining counties, to \nhonor us with their presence on that occasion. \n\nYour committee have also agreed upon making the following deposits under the \ncorner-stone, viz. : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nU. S. coins \xe2\x80\x94 5, 10, 25 and 50-cent pieces. \n\nA manuscript copy of the charter of the University, authenticated by the signatures \nof the Governor and Secretary and the great seal of the State. \n\nThe names of all the Curators of the University now in office. \n\nA list of the donors to the institution and the amount subscribed by each. \n\nThe following sentences, written in the English, French, Latin and Greek languages : \n" This is to commemorate the laying of the corner-stone of the principal edifice of the \nUniversity of the State of Missouri, on this 4th day of July, in the year of our Lord \none thousand eight hundred and forty; in the sixty-fifth year of the independence of the \nUnited States of North America and fourth of the administration of Martin Van Buren, \nPresident, and Richard M. Johnson, Vice President, of said United States. \n\n" The twentieth year of the State of Missouri, and fourth of the administration of \nLilburn W. Boggs, Governor, and Franklin Cannon, Lieutenant-Governor of said State. \n\n\'* Names of the present executive officers of the State : James L. Minor, Secretary \nof State; S. Mansfield Bay, Attorney General: Hiram H. Baber, Auditor of Public \nAccounts, and James McClelland, State Treasurer." \n\n\n\n264 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nORDER OF PROCESSION. \n\n1st. Governoi\' and officers of State, and marshal of the day. \n2d. Board of Curators and Secretary and Trustees of Columbia College. \n3d. Chaplain and orators of the day. \n\n4th. Principal undertakers of the University, preceded by the architect. \n5th. Clergy. \n\n6th. Female teachers and young ladies under their charge. \n7th. Male professors and teachers and their students. \n8th. Ladies from abroad, town and country. \n9th. Invited guests and strangers. \n10th. Citizens of the town and county. \nAll of which is respectfully submitted to the Board. \n\n(Signed) T. M. ALLEN, \n\nELI E. BASS, \nWM. LIENTZ, \nWARREN WOODSON, \n\nCommittee. \nHon. David Todd presided. \n\nProf. John Roche was invited to read the Declaration of Independ- \nence on the occasion of the laying of the corner-stone, and the thanks \nof the Board were tendered him for preparing in Greek, Latin, French \nand English suitable inscriptions to be deposited in the corner-stone. \nOne thousand copies of the address of James L. Minor were ordered \nto be published in pamphlet form. \n\nELECTION OF PRESIDENT. \n\nMeeting of the Curators, July 3, 1840. \xe2\x80\x94 On motion of Mr. Hart \nthe resolution of October 28, 1839, fixing the president\'s salary at three \nthousand dollars per annum was rescinded, and on motion of Mr. West \nit was fixed at $2,500, he furnishing his own house. \n\nRecommendations of various distinguished gentlemen residing in \ndifferent States were then read, whereupon Dr. Duncan nominated \nRev. John C. Young, D. D., of Centre College, Kentucky, who was \nunanimously elected, and Dr. A. W. Rollins, Dr. Wm. H. Duncan \nand Warren Woodson were appointed to notify him of his election. \n\nMeeting of the Curators, October 29, 1840. \xe2\x80\x94 Dr. J. C. Young \nhaving declined the presidency of the University, on motion of Dr. \nW. H. Duncan, John H. Lathrop, of Clinton, New York, was unani- \nmously elected president. Committee to inform him of his election : \nT. M. Allen, Warren Woodson and W. H. Duncan. \n\nMeeting February 1, 1841 \xe2\x80\x94 Present, T. M. Allen, John Slack, E\xc2\xbb \nE. Bass, W. H. Duncan, Warren Woodson, T. D. Grant and R. S. \nThomas. T. M. Allen re-elected president of the Board ; John Slack, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 265 \n\nvice-president; W. H. Duncan, treasurer (bond $20,000), and R. S. \nThomas, secretary, vice Wm. Cornelius, resigned. \n\nACCEPTANCE OF JOHN H. LATHROP. \n\nThe president submits the following communication "from John H. \n\nLathrop : \n\nHamilton College, N. Y., November 16, 1840. \n\nGentlemen : The mail of Saturday, the 14th, brought to my hands your favor of the \n29th ult., announcing my election to the Presidency of Missouri University. After the \ncorrespondence I have had vpith Prof. W. W. Hudson, of the substance of which you \nare doubtless awai\'e, it would be affectation in me to ask time to make up my mind on \nthe question presented to me in your note. \n\nI accept, gentlemen, the place offered me by the Board of Curators, whom you rep- \nresent, with a mind open to th\xe2\x82\xac greatness of the trust I thereby assume, and with the \nfull determination to pursue with zeal, fidelity, and the ability which God has given me,, \nthe high and valuable end for the accomplishment of which the appointment has been \nmade. \n\nI notice the ample provision which has been made for the support of the office, a& \nwell as the limitation of the same to the term of six years. These conditions meet \nwith my entire approbation. \n\nIt is my purpose to resign my post here on the first day of December, and if it be \nthe pleasure of your board, I will regard my connection with the University as com- \nmencing on that day. \n\nMy arrival at Columbia must not be looked for earlier than the 12th or 13th of Janu- \nary, which, I trust, will be before the adjournment of the Legislature, whom I shall be \npleased to see while in session, agreeably to your suggestion. 1 fully appreciate the \nImportance of enlisting the leading minds in the State in the cause of the University \nand the cause of education generally. \n\nBe pleased, gentlemen, to accept for yourselves, and to convey to the body you rep- \nresent, my very grateful acknowledgment for the unexpected honor they have conferred \nupon me. \n\nWith an unhesitating reliance on the co-operation and indulgent support of the \ncurators, collectively and individually, I look with assured hope to the accomplishment \nof their just wishes. \n\nI am, gentlemen, with very great consideration and respect, your obedient servant,. \n\nJOHN H. LATHROP. \nThomas M. Allen, Esq., \nWm. H. Duncan, Esq., \nWarren Woodson, Esq., \n\nCommittee. \n\nMeeting, March 1, 1841. \xe2\x80\x94 President Lathrop having reached \n\nColumbia on the day of , 1841, on motion of Dr. Duncan, \n\na committee \xe2\x80\x94 Duncan and Woodson \xe2\x80\x94 were appointed to wait upon \nhim and request him to deliver an address at one o\'clock that \nday in the Union Church, which request he complied with by the \ndelivery of a most scholarly and finished address, which made a pro- \nfound impression on all who heard it. \n\n\n\n:266 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe buildinff in which this address was delivered, was a small brick \nstructure on the east side of Eighth street, between Broadway and \nWalnut, and was among the first church buildings in Columbia, It \nwas called Union Church because it was erected under the joint \nauspices of the Baptist and Methodist denominations.^ A few years \n^after the delivery of President Lathrop\'s address, these denomina- \ntions, becoming more numerous, sold their interest in the building \nand erected larger places of worship. The gentlemen who bought \nthe old Union Church, fitted it up for theatrical performances, to \nwhich purpose it was devoted until 1856, when it became the property \nof Col. W. F. Svvitzler, who, purchasing the Guitar mansion adjacent, \ntore down the front of the church and converted the east half of \nit into a kitchen and servant\'s room. It, and the residence adjoining, \nare now owned by Jefferson Garth. \n\nOn March 20, 1841, W. H. Duncan, John Slack and R. S.Thomas, \nBuilding Committee of the Board of Curators, received proposals for \nthe erection of "a family house," on University ground, meaning \nthereby a residence for the President and his family. This building \nwas destroyed by fire in November, 1865. \n\nThe first report made by Dr. Duncan, as treasurer of the Board, \nwas at a meeting held at his office, on November 29, 1841, and it \nshowed \xe2\x80\x94 receipts, $21,301.85 ; disbursements, $21,281.85, leaving in \nhis hands a balance of $20. How strangely these small sums contrast \nwith the much larger ones at later periods in the history of the insti- \ntution. \n\nEven at this early time the subject of dormitories for the accomrao- \n\xe2\x96\xa0dation of students was in the mind of the Board, for at the meeting \nof November 29, 1841, the president\'s report was taken up, and in \ncompliance with a suggestion therein, the Building Committee was in- \ntructed to take into consideration the propriety of so changing the \nplan of the principal edifice as that dormitories may be secured in the \nupper stories. The plan, however, was deemed impracticable, and \ntherefore was not adopted ; but the idea was not abandoned, for in \nother reports of the president and in subsequent proceedings of the \nBoard, the subject of providing cheap accommodations and cheap \nboarding for students was frequently discussed. \n\nPresident Lathrop entered upon the duties of his office on March 1, \n\n\n\n1 Dr. Wm. Jewell, a Baptist, and Rev. Moses IT. Payne, a Methodist, contributed nearly \naU the means to erect the building. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 267 \n\n1841 ; and, in accordance with his views, the curators deemed it ex- \npedient that courses of instruction should be opened in the old Colum- \nbia College building, in order to the preparation of students for the \nregular University classes, when the new edifice should be completed \nand a Faculty of Arts fully organized. In accordance with this view, \ncourses of instruction were opened on Wednesday, April 14, 1841, in \nthe College building, with John H. Lathrop as president, and Wm. \nW. Hudson, George Hadley and Wm. Van Doran, professors. In a \nreport made to the Board by President Lathrop, September 30, 1842, \nhe informed them that the whole number of students to whom instruc- \ntion had been rendered up to that time was seventy-four. Of this \nnumber, two \xe2\x80\x94 Robert Levi and Robert Barr Todd, the former now \ncashier of the Exchange National Bank of Columbia and secretary of \nthe Board of Curators; the latter, one of the judges of the Supreme \nCourt of Louisiana \xe2\x80\x94 had been prepared for the Senior Class ; four \nfor the Junior, eight for the Sophomore and eighteen for the \nFreshman Class. \n\nFIRST UNIVERSITY ORATORICAL EXERCISES IN THE COLLEGE CHAPEL. \n\nThe first examination of the classes of the Collegiate and Primary \nDepartments of the University occurred in the chapel of Columbia \nCollege, during the last week in April, 1842, concluding with a public \nexhibition in the old Christian Church. The three days devoted to \nthe examinations were characterized by the Patriot at the time as \n*\' auspicious days," and that none "brighter ever dawned upon the \nliterary destinies of old Boone." The following is a copy of the pro- \ngramme of the public exhibition, which possesses peculiar interest, \namong other reasons because it is the first University oratorical exer- \ncise in the history of the institution : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nOrations. \xe2\x80\x94 Isaac McCoy, Aspects of the Material Universe; Luther T. Collier, \nLiterature of the West; William White, Eeputation; Thomas C. Ready, Early Years \nof Washington ; Alonzo Richardson, Political Morality; William H. Robinson, Ameri- \ncan Revolution : Thomas J. Hardin, Patriotism ; Odon Guitar, Fame \xe2\x80\x94 an incentive to \nVirtue ; Absalom Hicks, Mental Progress. \n\nDisputation. \xe2\x80\x94 William H. Allen and John C. Scott, Was the Coniinement of Bona- \nparte in St. Helena justiliable? \n\nOrations. \xe2\x80\x94 Thomas M.Richardson, Instability of Greatness; John Wilson, Moral \nPower; Richard E. Turner, State of the Union; Lewis Dameron, Biography. \n\nDisputation. \xe2\x80\x94 James H. Parker and William W. Todd, Comparative Merits of \n\xe2\x96\xa0Columbus and Washington. \n\nOrations. \xe2\x80\x94 James H. Moss, History; Robert B. Todd, Diversities of Taste and \nSentiment ; Stephen Bedford, Political Education of American Youth. \n\n\n\n268 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nEulogy. \xe2\x80\x94 Eobert A. Grant, Lafayette. \n\nOrations. \xe2\x80\x94 William P. Thomas, Mental Power; Eobert L. Todd, Literary Eenown,- \n\nColloquy. \xe2\x80\x94 Sleep (anonymous actors), James H. Moss and Eobert B. Todd. \n\nThe report made by the board of curators to Hon. James L. Minor^ \nSecretary of State, among many other thhigs, stated that the contribu- \ntions of the citizens of Boone to the State of Missouri in consideration \nof the location of the University at Columbia amounted to $82,300 in \ncash and $36,000 in lands. Also that the proceeds arising from the \nsale of seminary lands is a trust held and administered by the State \nfor the benefit of the University, that in the conversion of this trust \ninto money a policy was pursued by the State extremely liberal to the \nsettler, and that the lands were sold at minimum prices, and in the \naggregate at a rate very greatly below their real value. The proceeds \nof these sales amounted to a fraction less than $78,000. This sum \nwas invested by the State in stock of the Bank of the State of Mis- \nsouri, and, as ordered by law, it there remained until the investment \nby dividends reached $100,000. The dividends in 1838 amounted to \n$4,302.38; 1839, $9,945.40; 1840, $6,051.53; in 1841, nothing; in \n1842, $3,421.91. \n\nThese four dividends, added to principal, amounted to $101,662.30, \nor 1,662.30 over and above the maximum of $100,000 and therefore a \nsum available for the use of the University. \n\nAs the University relied solely for support on the tuition paid by \nstudents and the small and precarious dividends of the bank, the \nBoard of Curators experienced great difficulty in continuing the insti- \ntution. Fully understanding the embarrassments which on every \nhand confronted the board, and deeply sympathizing with them in the \ntroubles by which they were environed, on January 28, 1843, President \nLathrop, in a spirit of self-sacrifice and commendable liberality, volun- \ntarily proposed that, from and after the first of July ensuing, the \nemoluments of the President of the University be only $1,250, \ntogether with the use of the President\'s house, and $5 per scholar per \nannum, which proposition, on motion of Dr. Duncan, was unanimously \nadopted. \n\nAMENDING THE GEYER ACT OF 1839. \n\nOn the twenty-fourth of February, 1843,^ an act was approved \namendatory of certain provisions of the act of February 11, 1839. \n\n\n\n1 See Session Acts 1843, p. 148. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 269 \n\nUnder this amendatory act so much of the last named law as provided \nfor colleges and academies in different parts of the State, under the \nvisitorial power of the curators, was repealed, and the power was con- \nferred on the Board of Curators to appoint the necessary professors \nand tutors of the University, and to fix their compensation. No one \nof the professors or tutors was allowed to exercise the functions of a \nIjishop, priest, clergyman or teacher of any religious persuasion, \ndenomination, society or sect, whatsoever, during his continuance in \noffice. \n\nThe act also provided that the compensation of the president, pro- \nfessors and tutors shall be fixed annually, and any of them may be \nremoved at the pleasure of the curators. Also, that so much of the \nact as requires a curator to be thirty years of age was repealed, and \nthat each curator shall be not less than twenty-five years of age. \n\nThe curators were authorized to sell all the lands conveyed to the \nState for the benefit of the University, with the exception of twenty \nacres for a university site, on such terms as the curators shall deem \nbest for the interest of the institution, and to convey the same to pur- \nchasers by deed under their common seal. \n\nThe proceeds of the sale of said lands to be applied to the payment \nof the debts contracted by the curators ; and if there should be any \nsurplus remaining after the payment of said debts, the same to be \napplied in the manner deemed best for the benefit of said University. \n\nAn act was also approved February 28, 1843, i providing for semi- \nannual meetings of the Board of Curators in April and October, fixing \nthe number to constitute a quorum, and making it the duty of the \nAuditor of Public Accounts to report to each meeting the increase of \nthe seminary fund. \n\n\n\n1 See Session Acts 184:3, p. 149. \n\n\n\n270 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nCHAPTER YI. \n\nHISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\nUniversity building dedicated July 4, 1843 \xe2\x80\x94 Organization of the Institution \xe2\x80\x94 Estab- \nlishment of the several professorships \xe2\x80\x94 Medical Department established in St. \nLouis \xe2\x80\x94 Act of 1848-49 \xe2\x80\x94 President\'s salary fixed \xe2\x80\x94 Resignation of President Lathrop \n\n\xe2\x80\x94 Election of James Shannon as his successor in September 1849 \xe2\x80\x94 Resolution \nof the Curators in regard to President Lathrop \xe2\x80\x94 Discussion and excitement over the \nMcCracken amendment \xe2\x80\x94 Public dinner to President Lathi\'op \xe2\x80\x94 President Shannon \n\n\xe2\x80\x94 Tribute to him by the students of Bacon College \xe2\x80\x94 Prof. Hudson made President \nad interim \xe2\x80\x94 Inauguration of President Shannon, July 4, 1850 \xe2\x80\x94 Portrait of Presi- \nident Lathrop \xe2\x80\x94 Proceedings of the Curators in regard to it \xe2\x80\x94 Affray between Tutor \nR. A. Grant and Student George P. Clarkson \xe2\x80\x94 Proposals to erect for the President \na family house \xe2\x80\x94 President Shannon declines a re-election and Prof. W. W. Hudson \nwas elected President for six years \xe2\x80\x94 Death of President Hudson \xe2\x80\x94 Dr. A. T. Bled- \nsoe elected President, and he declines \xe2\x80\x94 The University reconstructed, with Prof. \nMatthews as Chairman of the Faculty. \n\nDEDICATION OF THE UNIVERSITY BUILDING, JULY 4, 1843. \n\nAt a meeting of the Board of Curators, held on May 15, 1843, and \nin accordance with a suggestion of President Lathrop, arrangements \nwere made for the formal dedication of the University building to the \npurposes for which it had been erected, and according to the following \nprogramme : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. A procession from the court-house to the Chapel of the University. \n\n2. Music. \n\n3. Prayer by Rev. T. M. Allen. \n\n4. Music. \n\n5. Address to the President by Wm. G. Minor, of Jefferson City, Missouri, and the \ndelivery of the key of the building by him, in the name of the Board. \n\n6. Address by President Lathrop. \n\n7. Music. \n\n8. Benediction. \n\nThe following account of the dedicatory ceremonies is from the \nColumbia Statesman of July 5, 1843 : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nDEDICATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI. \n\nThe 4th of July, 1843, will long be remembered by the citizens of Boone County, and \nthe immense concourse of visitors and strangers who assembled here on that day to \nperform a high and patriotic duty. The occasion was the dedication of the University- \nof the State to its appropriate uses. * * * \n\nSingularly auspicious to the occasion, the morning was ushered in by as bright a sun \nas ever shed radiance from a cloudless sky. * * * \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 271 \n\nEarly in the day, and up to the hour of ten, every road leading to our town poured\' \nin a continual accession of human beings \xe2\x80\x94 thus attesting that the people of the county ,. \nunexampled heretofore in the liberality of their donations to the University, vpere now \nequally munificent in a feeling of interest for its contemplated dedication to the cause \nof Mind. \n\nAbout half past nine the doors of the edifice were thrown open for the admission of \nthe ladies, and in a short time the beautiful and capacious gallery which girts the semi- \ncircular wall of the Chapel was filled for the first time, and that to overflowing, with \nthe "beauty and fashion" of the land. \n\nAt ten o\'clock, under the control and direction of the Grand Marshal of the day,. \nNathaniel W. Wilson, Esq., a procession was formed in front of the court-house, \nwhich, composed of the Boards of Instruction and Curators, students of the University \nand District School, and of strangers and citizens generally, marched majestically to \nthe strains of a band of music, and reached the University building about the hour of \neleven. \n\nThe exercises of the day were opened by a solemn and impressive invocation to the \nThrone of Grace by Elder T. M. Allen. Whereupon, William G. Minor, Esq., on be- \nhalf of the Board of Curators, delivered the key of the University to the President \xe2\x80\x94 \naccompanying the duty with a short, eloquent and appropriate address. Mr. Minor \nhaving concluded, the President of the University, John H.Lathrop, arose and enchained \nthe attention of the vast auditory for upwards of an hour, in the delivei\'y of a most \nable and eloquent inaugural. \n\nThe address of the President was concluded about half-past one o\'clock, and the \naudience, after a benediction by Elder T. M. Allen, dispersed. \n\nORGANIZATION OF THE UNIVERSITY. \n\nAt the meeting of the Board, May 16, 1843, the committee appointed \nto consider that portion of President Lathrop\'s communication which \nrelated to the complete organization of the University, namely, War- \nren Woodson, W. H. Duncan, Joseph Carpenter and John Slack, \nreported that five professorships were essential to give the institution a \nrespectable standing, and that therefore they recommend the estab- \nlishment of the following chairs : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1st. Of Ethics, History, Civil Polity and Political Economy. \n\n2d. Metaphysics, Logic, Ehetoric and English Literature. \n\n3d. Ancient and Modern Languages and Literature. \n\n4th. Mathematics, Natural Philosophy and Astronomy. \n\n5th. Chemistry, Mineralogy, Geology, Botany, Natural History and Physiology. \n\nAt a meeting held on September 6, 1843, Robert S. Thomas waa \nelected to chair second ; George C. Pratt, to chair third ; W. W. \nHudson, to chair fourth, and Edward H. Leffingwell, to chair fifth \xe2\x80\x94 \nthe president filling the first chair. \n\nAt a special meeting of the Board held January 21, 1845, it was \nordered that their annual report to the Secretary of State, of October, \n1844, be recorded. This report was due in October, 1843, but was \n\n\n\n272 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nnot made, for the reason that a quoriiin sufficient to transact busi- \nness at an annual meeting could not be had. This is a very long and \ninteresting paper, and is to be found on the 137th and subsequent \npag^s of the Board\'s Journal. We make these extracts from it : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThe curators have the satisfaction now to state that the commodious and splendid \n\xe2\x96\xa0edifice \xe2\x80\x94 the erection of whicli was committed to their charge \xe2\x80\x94 has been completed, \nand which for permanency, symmetry, style and finish will compare well with any build- \ning of the same cost in the United States. It has been upwards of four years since \nthe foundation, including the basement story, was laid, and two years since the whole \nweight of the superstructure has rested thereon ; yet there is no appearance of the least \ndefect in the walls or foundation. \n\nThe salary of the president is now fixed, and has been since the 1st day of July, \n1843, at f 1,250, with f 100 additional for the hire of a servant to keep the house in \norder, etc., and one-sixth of the accruing tuition fees. Prior to the above date this \nsalary was $2,500 per annum without perquisites. \n\nThe salary of each professor, at $500 and one-sixth part of said fees. The remain- \ning one-sixth the Board has been under the necessity of appropriating to the fitting up \nof certain rooms in the University building. So hard has the Board been pressed to \ncarry on the institution, that they have been forced to take from the faculty a poi\'tion \nof the tuition fees, which is at present their only support. The tuition fees, at $30 \nper year, or $10 per session, amounting in all to something like $1,800 per annum \nthus far. \n\nAmong the items reported as disbursed or paid is the following : \n$70,281.08 paid contractors for building University edifice. Amount \nstipulated to be paid contractors for original contract, $74,494. \nAmount allowed them for extra work on account of the enlargement \nof the building, the substitution of copper instead of zinc for roofing, \nfinish of octagon and space within the same, etc., $4,600. Balance \ndue contractors, without interest, $8,812.12. \n\nSEMINARY LANDS AND BANK DIVIDENDS. \n\nSession of the Legislature, 1846-7 : From an act directing the \nRegister of Lands to procure from the Commissioner of the General \nLand Office copies of documents relating to the seminary lands and \nfile the same in his office ; also making it his duty to make out a com- \nplete list of said lands, specifying range, township and county, mark- \ning such as had been sold, the time when sold, to whom, what \nremaining unsold, and to file a copy of said paper with the Secretary \nof the Board of Curators. See Session Acts of 1846-7, pp. 131-2. \n\nTwo acts passed during the same session in regard to bank divi- \ndends \xe2\x80\x94 requiring the Bank of Missouri to report the amount of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 273 \n\ndividends accruing on stock held in trust for the University to the \nTreasurer of the Board of Curators, and to pay over to him or place \nto his credit the same. See Session Acts 1846-7,. pp. 136-7. \n\nMEDICAL DEPARTMENT ESTABLISHED. \n\nAt a meeting of the Board January 26, 1846, President Lathrop, at \nthat time being under the law ex-officio a member of the Board, \noffered an ordinance to establish the medical department of the Uni- \nversity, the faculty of which was authorized to hold their sessions and \ndeliver their course of instruction in the city of St. Louis. A vote \nbeing taken oi:^ the first clause, which established the medical faculty \nand named the professors thereof, it resulted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nYeas \xe2\x80\x94 T. M. Allen, W. H. Duncan, T. B. Grant, J. H. Lathrop, Moss Prewitt,, \nAlex. Persinger, John Slack and Warren Woodson \xe2\x80\x94 8. \nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Joseph Carpenter and W. A. Robards \xe2\x80\x94 2. \nExcused from voting \xe2\x80\x94 Eli E. Bass and Caleb S. Stone. \n\nThe vote on the sixth clause, which authorized the medical faculty \nto hold their sessions and deliver their courses of instruction in St. \nLouis, was as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nYeas \xe2\x80\x94 Allen, Bass, Duncan, Grant, Lathrop, Prewitt, Perslnger, Slack, Stone and \nWoodson \xe2\x80\x94 10. \nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Carpenter and Robards \xe2\x80\x94 2. \n\nAfter the adoption of an additional clause to the effect that this \nconnection with the St. Louis Medical College is made upon the ex- \npress condition that it may at any time be dissolved by a vote of the \nBoard at an annual meeting, the Board elected the following professors \nof the medical department : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nJoseph N. McDowell, M. D., professor of Anatomy and Surgery. \nThomas Barbour, M. D., Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children. \nJ. B. Johnson, M. D., Pathology and Chemical Medicine. \nEdward H. Leffingwell, M. D., Chemistry and Pharmacy. \nRichard F. Barrett, M. D., Materia Medica and Physiology. \nJohn S. Moore, M. D., Theory and Practice of Medicine. \n\nThe president of the University was made ex-officio president of the \nmedical faculty, and the professor of Chemistry and Pharmacy in the \nfaculty of medicine ex-officio professor of Chemistry, Natural History, \netc., in the Faculty of Arts. The preparatory department in the Uni- \nversity was instituted, and the tutor\'s salary fixed at $250, in addition \nto a contingent sum equal to one twelfth of the tuition fees. \n\nThe committee on lands was instructed to sell the old CoUesre \n18 \n\n\n\n274 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbuilding and grounds for $1,500, and 80 acres of land on Perche \n\nCreek for $50. This land now belongs to . The College \n\nand grounds attached (about seven acres), were sold to Eobert \nS. Thomas for the sum mentioned on a credit of 6, 12, and 18 \nmonths. \n\nTwo nominations were made for tutor in the preparatory depart- \nment, viz. : Robert L. Todd, and Tliomas H. Bradford ; vote: Todd, \n5; Bradford, 4. Todd declared elected. Mr. Todd declining to ac- \ncept, at a meeting held April 27, 1846, Robert A. Grant was elected \ntutor. \n\nMeeting July 29, 1846. \xe2\x80\x94 John C. Edwards, Governor of the State, \ntook his seat as a Curator. The degree of Bachelor of Arts was \ngranted to Wm. Henry Allen, Thompson Burnham, John Scott \nClarkson, Luther Todd Collier, Lewis Taylor Dameron and John \nHenley Moore, and the president was empowered to confer the same \nby diploma at commencement on the 30th inst. \n\nRE-ELECTION OF PRESIDENT LATHROP. \n\nMeeting of September 21, 1846. \xe2\x80\x94 John H. Lathrop re-elected \npresident of the University. \n\nMeeting of February 24, 1847. \xe2\x80\x94 James S. Rollins appeared as \na member of the Board for the first time. Salary of the tutor in the \npreparatory department fixed at $300, and one-twelfth of the tuition \nfees, the honorary degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred on Wm. \nH. Duncan, M. D., of Columbia, Missouri. \n\nMeeting July 28, 1847. \xe2\x80\x94 The honorary degree of Doctor of \nMedicine conferred on Wm. Jewell, M. D., of Columbia, and the \nhonorary degree of Doctor of Laws on Thomas Hart Benton. \n\nACT OF THE LEGISLATURE, 1848-9. \n\nFor an act increasins^ the number of Curators to eighteen \xe2\x80\x94 one \nfrom each judicial circuit and four from the county of Boone \xe2\x80\x94 fixing \ntheir terms of office, times of meeting, and compensation, said com- \npensation to be paid out of the seminary fund ; prescribing the man- \nner of filling vacancies, and the number necessary to constitute a \nquorum, etc., see Session Acts of 1848-9, pp. 129-30. \n\nFor an act providing for a Normal Professorship in the University, / \nprescribing the duties of county courts in the selection of students \nfor free education in the same, etc., see same acts, pp. 130-1. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 275 \n\nFor an act authorizing the curators to appropriate the remainder of \nthe subscription fund to the improvement of walks leading to and from \nthe University, outside of the campus ; also authorizing the Curators to \naudit and allow any debt justly due by the trustees of Columbia Col- \nlege at the time of the location of the University, and to pay the \nsame out of auA^ money belonging to the subscription fund, or which may \nbe collected from it, provided said debts do not amount to more than \n:$300 ; also an act requiring the State Auditor to certify to the treas- \nurer of the Curators the balance of the subscription fund, uncollected, \nand authori-zing the Board to employ some person to collect the same, \nsee same acts, pp. 131-2, \n\nPROCEEDINGS OF THE CURATORS RESUMED. \n\nMeeting January 29, 1849. \xe2\x80\x94 Dr. Abram Litton, of St. Louis, \n\xe2\x96\xa0elected to the vacant chair of Physical Science at a salary of $600 \nper annum and $2.50 per session on each student. On motion of \nMr. Rollins a committee of three \xe2\x80\x94 Rollins, Lathrop, and Robards \xe2\x80\x94 \nwas appointed to call the attention of the General Assembly to the \nnecessity and propriety of making an appropiation out of the com- \nmon school fund of the State for the purpose of establishing a profes- \nsorship in the University to be devoted to the theory and practice of \nteaching. \n\nPresident Lathrop having been called to the presidency of the Uni- \nversity of Wisconsin at a salary of $2,000 per annum, and it being \ndeemed probable he would resign, Thomas D. Grant offered a resolu- \ntion, as an inducement for him to continue his connection with our \nUniversity that his salary be fixed at $1,650, per annum (it was then \nonly $1,250) with use of the president\'s house and grounds, and $2.50 \nper session on each student over 80; also $100, as heretofore, for \nservants\' hire and that the present term of service of the President be \nextended four years after the expiration of the term for which he was \nlast elected. Passed unanimously, and a committee \xe2\x80\x94 T. M. Allen, \nJ. L. Mathews, and Moss Prewitt \xe2\x80\x94 were appointed to request his \nacceptance of the above proposal. \n\nRESIGNATION OF PRESIDENT LATHROP. \n\nMeeting May 14, 1849. \xe2\x80\x94 . A communication was received from \nPresident Lathrop stating that it was his intention to send in his \nresignation at the next July meeting of the board, to take effect at a \n\n\n\n276 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nday he will then designate ; and that he gave this early notice in order \nthat in the interval such measures may be adopted for filling the \nvacancy as may be judged expedient : whereupon a committee was \nappointed to obtain and report to the Board at its next meeting \nsuch information as in their opinion may aid the board in making a \nproper selection of a successor. Committee : Eli E. Bass, Addison \nM. Lewis, William D. McCracken, Robert Brown and Turner R. H. \nSmith. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Brown it was resolved, after much discussion and \nvarious amendments that, after the first Monday of April, 1850, the \npresident\'s permanent salary shall be $2,000 per annum with the \nuse of the president\'s house and grounds, and $2.50 per session \non each scholar above eighty, with $100 for servants\' hire as here- \ntofore. \n\nMeeting of September 3, 1849 \xe2\x80\x94 Present \xe2\x80\x94 C. S. Stone, president, \nof the board; J. L. Matthews, W. H. Duncan, F. R. Palmer, W. D. \nMcCracken, William Claude Jones, Alton Long, H. C. Dunn, A. M. \nLewis and T. R. H. Smith. President Lathrop tendered his resigna- \ntion to take effect September 22d. Li liis report to the board, after \ngiving a detailed account of the condition and wants of the institution,. \nPresident Lathrop concludes as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nDuring my first term of office, in consideration of tlie depressed condition of tlie \nfinances of the institution, I remitted a considerable portion of my salary for a series of \nyears. Tlie sum total of these benefactions ranges between $2,500 and f 3,000. This \nsum which is now in the treasury, has been abstracted from the patrimony of my chil- \ndren. It \\s just to them, that this fund should be set apart, and appropriated to some \nvaluable university interest, which shall stand as a perpetual memorial of their father\'s \nbounty. Should the board agree with me in the principle of this suggestion, there \nwill be no difficulty in ascertaining the amount of the fund, nor in settling on some; \nvaluable interest, to which it may be appropriated. \n\nELECTION OF JAMES SHANNON AS PRESIDENT. \n\nOn the next day the board proceeded to the election of a president- \nMr. Lewis nominated James Shannon, president of Bacon College,. \nKentucky, and Mr. Jones nominated Dr. Hiram P. Goodrich, of St. \nLouis. The vote stood: Shannon, 9; Goodrich, 1; whereupon Mr. \nShannon was declared duly elected. Professor Hudson was au- \nthorized to act as President until the President-elect entered upon \nhis office. \n\nThe next day Mr. Long asked permission to change his vote from. \nMr. Shannon to Dr. Goodrich, which was granted. \n\n\n\nHISTORr OF BOONE COUNTY. 277 \n\nRESOLUTIONS OF RESPECT FOR PRESIDENT LATHROP. \n\nThe following resolution was introduced by Wm. Claude Jones :< \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That we have the highest confidence in the learning, talents, integrity and \nupright moral character of President John H. Lathrop, and while we deeply regret the loss \nof his valuable services to our State Unioersity, we cordially recommend him to the confi- \ndence of that community wherever his lot may be cast. \n\nW. D. McCracken offered the following amendment to the above \nresolution : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAmend by striking out all after word "and" in the third line down to the word "we" in \nthe fourth line; that is, the words printed in italics. \n\nThe vote being first taken upon the amendment, the ayes and noes \nwere called, and stood as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Stone, Duncan, McCracken, Palmer, Lewis and Smith \xe2\x80\x94 6. \nNoes \xe2\x80\x94 Matthews, Long and Jones \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nThus the amendment passed. \n\nThe vote then came up upon the resolution as amended, and the \nayes and noes being called, were as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Matthews, Long, McCracken, Palmer, Jones and Smith \xe2\x80\x94 6. \nNoes \xe2\x80\x94 Stone, Duncan and Lewis \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nWhich was adopted. \n\nThe following is the resolution as amended : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That we have the highest confidence in the learning, talents, integrity and \nupright moral character of President John H. Lathrop, and we cordially recommend him \nto the confidence of that community wherever his lot may be cast. \n\nC. S. Stone asked permission to have his protest to the foregoing \nresolution spread upon the journal. The Board, after hearing it read, \ngranted the request. The following is \n\nTHE PROTEST : \n\nC. S. Stone protests against the foregoing resolution. He believes Mr, Lathrop to be a \ngood scholar and a man calculated to do good. He does not entertain the highest confidence \nin the learning, talents, integrity and upright moral character of John H. Lathrop, there \nbeing other men for whom he entei\'tains higher confidence in all these particulars. \n\nW. C. Jones introduced the following resolution, which passed : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That a select committee of three be appointed to take into consideration so \nmuch of the communication of President J. H. Lathrop to the present Board as relates to \nthe amount of funds which he claims to have donated to the University, and that said com- \nmittee report at the next meeting of the Board of Curators. \n\nCommittee \xe2\x80\x94 Duncan, Matthews and Smith. \n\n\n\n278 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nPUBLIC DINNER TO PRESIDENT LATHROP. \n\n\xc2\xab \n\nThe resignation of President Lathrop, as many of his friends believed: \nit to have been partly inspired by political influences adverse to his- \nadministration, caused the deepest solicitude among many of the old- \nest and most steadfast friends of the University. Public and private- \ndiscussions of the causes which it was believed, in part, brought about \nhis^retirement from the institution, together with the proceedings of" \nthe Board of Curators, especially its raising the President\'s salary \nimmediately after his resignation, and the adoption of the McCrackeii \namendment, produced the greatest excitement and widespread dissat- \nisfaction in the community. Angry discussions followed in the news- \npapers, embracing the wide range of all the topics having any relation \nto the subject. We have not room in this volume either to reproduce \nthe sharp and disagreeable issues which were made and discussed, or \nthe discussions themselves ; suffice it to say that the proceedings of \nthe Board caused the friends of President Lathrop, very largely with- \nout distinction of party, and wholly without distinction of sect, to ten- \nder him the compliment of a public dinner on Saturday, September \n29, 1849, previous to his departure for Wisconsin, which he ac- \ncepted. \n\nAt a public meeting held in the court-house on Friday evening, Sep- \ntember 14 \xe2\x80\x94 Warren Woodson, Chairman, Jesse Kennard, Secretary \xe2\x80\x94 \na Committee of Arrangements, consisting of thirty-two citizens, with \nDr. Wm. Jewell as Chairman, was appointed, to see that the dinner \nwas furnished on September 29, and arrange the programme. The \nmeeting also appointed a committee of twenty on resolutions, as fol- \nlows : \n\nJames S. Rollins, Chairman; Thomas M. Allen, Dr. J. F. Buster, Lemuel Noble, Eobt^ \nL. Todd, Philip Crow, Alex. Douglass, John Slack, Thomas Wingo, Ishmael Vanhorn, Sam- \nuel A. Young, F. Wm. Hackman, RoUin Lyman, Dr. A. H. Robinson, Wm. F. Switzler,. \nDr. J. C. Page, Thomas C. Maupin, Robert Lemon, D. M. Hickman, and Wm. S. Mosley. \n\nPROGRAMME OF EXERCISES. \n\nThe Committee of Arrangements made and published the follow- \ning : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. Maj. John Slack, President, and Messrs. John H. Field and Dr. Wm. McClure, Yice \nPresidents. \n\n2. Music by the Band. \n\n3. Address, at 11 o\'clock a. m., by Robert L. Todd, Esq., on behalf of the Alumni of the \nUniversity. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 279 \n\n4. Music by the Band. \n\n5. Address by President Lathrop. \n\n6. Music by the Band. \n\n7. Kesolutions read, and an address on behalf of the citizens, byMaj. J. S. Rollins. \n\n8. Vote on the resolutions by the citizens. \n\n9. Music by the Band. \n\n10. Dinner at 2 o\'clock, Saturday, September 29th. President Lathrop, speakers and \nofficers, toajether with the ladies, occupying the first table. \n\n11. Chief Marshal of the day, David M. Hickman. \n\nAs ample provision will be made for all who may attend, the Committee of Arrange- \nments hereby cordially invite not only the ladies and gentlemen of our county, but the citi- \nzens of the whole State. W. JEWELL, \n\nChaii\'man of Committee of Arrangements. \n\nThe dinner was served in magnificent style, pursuant to programme, \nThomas Selby, Superintendent, and in a sugar-tree grove adjoining \nand north of the residence of Hon. J. S. Rollins. Notwithstanding \nthe inclemency of the day, occasioned by repeated showers of rain, \nbetween two and three thousand people, male and female, assembled \nto do honor to their distinguished guest. \n\nThe Columbia Statesman, of October 5, 1849, thus notices the \ndinner, addresses, resolutions, etc. : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nMaj. John Slack, assisted by John H. Field, Esq., and Dr. W. McClure, Vice Presidents, \npresided on the occasion \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. F. Switzler acting as Secretary. The assembly being \nseated at the stand and called to order, the programme of exercises was announced \xe2\x80\x94 after \nwhich Robt. L. Todd, Esq., on behalf of the Alumni of the University, delivered a very \nchaste and beautiful address, full of pleasant memories of the past, high esteem for the \nhonored head of his alma mater, and fervent wishes for his usefulness and prosperity in the \nnew field to which he is called. \n\nAfter music by the band came the cardinal point of interest, the speech of President \nLathrop. And what shall we, what can we, say of such a speech without doing it injustice? \nIn elegance of diction, scope, and power of thought, and caustic rebuke, we never expect to \nhear its like again. Feeling that those who are " clothed with a little brief authority," had \nattempted an everlasting libel upon his fame \xe2\x80\x94 had, in voting the "McCi\'acken proviso." \ndone great violence to his reputation \xe2\x80\x94 he proved himself equal to the crisis, and by a sar- \ncasm that scathed and blasted like the sirocco carried everything before him. His speech \nwas frequently interrupted by rapturous applause, while smiles of approval and evidences \nof regard marked the "sea of upturned faces" before him. It was perfectly evident during \nthe delivery of his speech, and before the vote was taken, that the people, believing it a \nhigh moral duty to protect the reputation of literary men, were prepared to "repudiate, \ncondemn, and reverse, with one voice and with emphasis," the judgment of the Board of \nCurators, and nobly did they do it! \n\nPresident Lathrop having concluded, the Secretary reported from the committee \nappointed at a previous meeting the following resolutions: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. Resolved, That the resolution introduced at the meeting of the Board of Curators on \nthe 5th inst. by W. C. Jones, Esq., and which was mutilated by a majority of said Board by \nstriking out a material part of it, be adopted by this meeting without alteration, amend- \nment or erasure, in the exact words it was originally introduced, as follows : ^^ Resolved, \nThat we have the highest confidence in the learning, talents, integrity and upright moral \n\n\n\n280 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncharacter of President John H. Lathrop, and while we deeply regret the loss of his valuable \nservices to our State University, we cordially recommend him to the confidence of that com- \nmunity wherever his lot may be cast." \n\n2. Resolved, That this community, en masse, without distinction of party, sect, or condi- \ntion, having had ample means of forming a correct judgment of President Lathrop as a \nscholar, officer, and citizen, cannot consent, either directly or indirectlj^, to indorse the pro- \nceedings of a majority of the Board of Curators on the 5th inst., iii striking from the above \nresolution the expression of regret at the loss of his valuable services to our State \nUniversitj\', but on the contrary we hereby repudiate, condemn, and reverse, with one voice \nand with emphasis, this proceeding of a majority of said board, as an act of injustice to \nPresident Lathrop, believing it calculated, where the facts are unknown, to injure the char- \nacter and standing of a highly meritorious gentleman and eminent scholar. \n\nAfter the reading of the resolutions, and another air by the band. Judge Woodson de- \nlivered an address expressive of the views and feelings of the citizens, and in favor of the \nresolutions. This address embraced much of the written and unwritten history of the \nUniversity, from its organization to this time, and was a powerful vindication of President \nLathrop\'s administration. It brought out facts new and old, and placed men and thing sin \ntheir proper light before the public. To a few men it was perfectly overwhelming, for it \ntraced their inconsistencies, measures of mischief in the Legislature and elsewhere, and \ntheir petty personal prejudices with a master hand. This address, too, was received with \nrepeated demonstrations of applause. \n\nNext in the order of exercises was read an admirable letter from Elder Thomas M. Allen. \nThis letter was greeted with marks of satisfaction and approval by the audience. It \nbreathed a spirit highly creditable to its honored and much esteemed author, and expressed \nin felicitous style and language not only our own sentiments but the sentiments of this \ncommunity in regard both to President Lathrop and his successor. As for ourself we \nindorse every word of it. \n\nThe vote upon the resolutions being about to be taken. Dr. T. E. H. Smith, one of the \ncurators who had voted for the "McCracken proviso," asked if the resolutions were debata- \nble. It was then moved and carried by acclamation that leave be granted any one to speak \nwho wished to do so. Dr. Smith then took the stand and made a brief explanation, personal \nto himself, in regard to his vote as a curator, protesting that his motives were pure in what \nhe had done; after which Wm. F. Switzler made a few remarks upon the resolutions them- \nselves, contending for their adoption. The President then stated the question and put the \nvote, and there arose from the vast concourse almost one unanimous aye ! but three to five \npersons voting in the negative \xe2\x80\x94 just enough to save President T^athrop from the Scripture \nmalediction : " Cursed are ye when all men speak well of j\'ou." \n\nDinner was then announced, and the assembly retired in perfect order to the sumptuous \ntables. By universal concession, the dinner was the most magnificent affair of the kind ever \nwitnessed in this part of the country. \n\nAfter dinner the crowd reassembled at the stand, and listened with high satisfaction to a \nspeech from Col. Samuel A. Young. It was one of the Colonel\'s happiest efforts, and called \nforth repeated rounds of applause. \n\nThe newly elected President, James Shannon, reached Columbia, to \ndetermine whether he would accept or decline the office, on Monday, \nOctober 8, 1849, and President Lathrop and family left for Madison, \nWisconsin, on the following day. \n\nTRIBUTE TO PRESIDENT SHANNON. \n\nOn June 12, 1850, the students of Bacon College, Harrodsburg, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 281 \n\nT^y., met in Newton Hall, W. J. Miles, Chairman, and D. R. A. C. \nHundley, Secretary, and passed the following resolutions : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. Resolved, That we deeply regret to part with our talented and highly esteemed Presi- \ndent, whose gentlemanly demeanor and Christian conduct, whose unflinching adherence to \njust principles and fearless advocacy of truth have endeared him to us all, and gained for \nhim an extended, lasting and enviable reputation. \n\n2. Resolved, That the citizens of Kentucky, and especially the friends and students of \nBacon College, have lost in him a successful teacher, a clear, faithful and uncompromising \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0expounder of the Word of Life, and one of the brightest and purest ornaments of the age in \n\'.which he lives. \n\n3. Resolved, That we most heartily congratulate the students of Missouri University on \n\xe2\x80\xa2the selection of such a man to preside over their institution, in whom they will ever find a \nffaithful instructor and a feeling friend. \n\n4. Resolved, That he carries with him our most ardent prayers for his future success and \nhappiness. \n\nCurators\' Meeting, November 9, 1849 : \xe2\x80\x94 A letter from James Shan- \nnon, dated Paris, Mo., October 23, 1849, was presented and spread \nupon the record, accepting the presidency on certain conditions. His \nappointment was for six years. He desired it during good behavior, \nand that there should be no objection to his " continuing as hereto- \nfore to preach the unsearchable riches of Christ." Continuing, lie \nsaid : "If the Curators deem it advisable to change the tenure of \noffice so as to make it during good behavior, the}^ may regard this as \nmy acceptance of the presidency." \n\nMr. Lon"- introduced the following : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. Resolved, That the Secretary of this Board be required to inform President Shan- \nnon that he is requested to enter upon his duties as President of the University of the \n\n"State of Missouri, subject to the restrictions of the Laws of the State regulating said \nUniversity. \n\n2. Resolved, That the resolution passed at the September meeting of the Board of \n\'<]ui-ators, fixing the term of office of President at six years, be, and the same is hereby re- \nscinded. \n\nDr. Smith moved to amend the first resolution by striking out all \nafter the word " resolved," and inserting the following : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThat the tenure of office of the President of the University of Missouri be during good \nihehavior. \n\nMr. Long moved to amend the amendment as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nStrike out all after the word "during," and insert "the pleasure of the Board." \n\nThe vote being taken the amendment to the amendment was rejected, \n.us follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Corby, Matthevps and Long \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nJNays \xe2\x80\x94 Stone, Levpis, McElhaney, Duncan, Smith, Brovrn and Dunn \xe2\x80\x94 7. \n\n\n\n282 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMr. Long then introduced another amendment to the aaiendment^ \nas follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nStrike out all after the word "be," and insert " the same as that of the Professors of the \nUniversity." \n\nVote the same as before : lost, whereupon the question being upon \nDr. Smith\'s amendment, it was adopted, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Stone, Lewis, McElhaney, Duncan, Smith, Brown and Dunn \xe2\x80\x94 7. \nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Corby, Matthews and Long \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nThe second resolution oiFered by Mr. Long was then withdrawn.. \nMr. Corby introduced the following : \n\nResolved, That in the election of President Shannon to the office of President of the- \nUniversity of the State of Missouri, the Board of Curators hereby neither affirm nor deny the \nright of President Shannon to exercise his functions as a clergyman during his continuance- \nin said office, subjecting the same to the operation of the laws governing said University. \n\nDr. McElhany moved to lay the resolution on the table. Carried \xe2\x80\x94 \nMessrs. Corby and Long voting against the motion and the balance- \nfor it. \n\nThe Board having complied with all his conditions, President Shan- \nnon was therefore President of the University. \n\nAn important resolution was adopted (on motion of Dr. Smith), . \nconcerning the education of poor young men in the State, substantially \nas follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That indigent young men in the State of Missouri, possessing good moral\' \ncharacter and respectable talents, and not under fourteen years of age, be permitted to attendi \nthe University of Missouri by pajdng the contingent fee of one dollar a year, and the Treas- \nurer of the Board is authorized to furnish certificates to all who may present satisfactory \nevidence from the Curator or Curators, approved by the Judge of the Circuit Court of his \nor their Judicial Circuit, from whence recommendations must come as to the worthiness of \nthe applicants desirous to avail themselves of the benefits of this ordinance. \n\nMeeting* March 18, 1850. \xe2\x80\x94 George C. Pratt tendered his resigna- \ntion as Professor of Languages and the thanks of the board were \ntendered him for the able, faithful and successful manner in which he \nhad discharged his duty. The president ad interim, Prof. W. W. \nHudson, \xe2\x80\x94 President Shannon not having entered upon his duties \nuntil the beginning of the next session, \xe2\x80\x94 was requested to make such \ndivision of the duties of the Professor of Languages among the faculty \nand tutors as may be least onerous to any individual member until the \nchair could be permanently filled. Dr. T. E. H. Smith, expecting to \nbe absent from the State, resigned the secretaryship of the board, and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 283^ \n\nElder D. P. Henderson was elected Secretary ^ro tern. C. S. Stone \nresigned the presidency of the board, and at the July session Elder \nF. R. Palmer was elected in his place. George H. Matthews, of \nBacon College, of Harrodsburg, Ky., notified the board of his accept- \nance of the chair of Ancient Languages at a salary of $1,000 per \nannum, with the perquisite of $5 per student over 80. \n\nINAUGURATION OF PRESIDENT SHANNON. \n\n[From the Columbia Statesman, July 5, 1850.] \n\nIn addition to the ordinary exercises of the occasion, the interesting ceremony of the \ninauguration of President Shannon took place. The assembly in attendance was immense. \nA very large number of strangers honored the daj^ by their presence. The following is the \n\nPROGRAMME Or EXERCISES : \n\nPrayer. \n\nMusic. \n\nSalutatory Address in Latin, by Charles B. Allen. \n\nOration on the Progress of Science, by James D. Head. \n\nMusic. \n\nOration on International Copyright, by William S. Hyde. \n\nOration on Difference of Opinion, by Henry Slack. \n\nMusic. \n\nOration on Fanaticism, Political and Religious, by Calvin F. Burnes. \n\nMaster Oration, by Thomas B. Read. \n\nMusic. \n\nDegrees Conferred. \n\nValedictory Address, by Lawson G. Drurj\'. \n\nMusic. \n\nAddress on Behalf of Curators, by Rev. Addison M. Lewis. \n\nInaugural Address, by President James Shannon. \n\nMusic. \n\nBenediction. \n\nWe regret the lateness of the hour at which the exercises closed yesterday evening pre-^ \n\neludes the possibility of comments upon the address of President Shannon. Suffice it to \n\nsay it breathed the right spirit, enforced in the main the right doctrine, and was well \n\nreceived. \n\nThe inaugural address of President Shannon, together with the one \ndelivered by Rev. Mr. Lewis, was requested for publication and 3,000 \ncopies ordered to be printed. \n\nOn motion of James Ellison, it was resolved that it would conduce \nto the interest of the University for the president to visit the various \nsections of the State and lecture on the subject of education, and that \nhe be requested to do so. \n\nAfter an ineffectual effort to secure the attendance of a quorum at \nthe December meeting, the Board adjourned to meet in Jefferson City \non January 8, 1851. \n\n\n\n284 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nPRESIDENT LATHROP S PORTRAIT. \n\n\n\nThe following communication from the ladies of Columbia and \n\nTicinity was read to the Board : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n. Saturday, December 21, 1850. \nTo the Board of Curators of the University of the State of Missouri. \n\nGentlemen: Mr. George C. Bingham, Missouri\'s gifted artist, prior to the departure of \nPresident Lathrop to "Wisconsin, painted a most excellent and accurate portrait of that gen- \n\xe2\x80\xa2tlemen and kindly presented it to the ladies of Columbia. \n\nAssociated as is the name of Dr. Lathrop with the University, as its first President, \nindebted as this community feels to him for having laid broad and deep the foundation of \nthat institution, and identified as is his name with the cause of education in Missouri, we \ndeem it most appropriate that his portrait should find a permanent and conspicuous place \nwithin the walls of the University. \n\nWe, the undersigned, therefore, a committee \'appointed on behalf of the ladies of this \nplace, respectfully request that it be hung in the Chapel immediately on the left of the Presi- \ndent\'s desk, not only for its excellence and preservation as a work of art, but that the young \nmen here educated may^study his character, imitate his example, and thereby elevate and \nenlighten their minds. \n\nA. B. Woodson, Camilla Price, Mary Jane Switzler, Hannah Hardin, E. A. Bast, C. A. \nLynch, S. A. Daniels, E. E.Branham, S. C. Powers, E. B. Selby, D. E. Todd, M. Gentry, \nM. Guitar, M. A. Wilson, E. V. Provines, C. E. Child, L. A. Matthews, P. W. Royall, M. E. \nKollins, C. P. Todd, M. L. Parker, S, P. Prewitt, E. Kichardson, M. A. Garth, M. Clarkson. \n\nM. Phillips, President. \n\nP. A. Field, Secretary. \n\nW. H. Duncan introduced the following preamble and resolu- \ntions : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhekeas, Ex-President John H. Lathrop, after his resignation of the Presidency of the \nUniversity, and upon the eve of his departure, as we are informed, did, in a public address \nto the citizens of Boone County, indulge in a tirade of abuse and vituperation against six of \nthe Curators, for giving a conscientious vote, by impugning their motives, and denouncing \n"them in most unmeasured terms ; and whereas, in his valedictory address upon leaving the \nUniversity, he made the most ungenerous reflections upon the Board of Curators and the \nLegislature of the State, therefore. \n\nResolved. That the thanks of the Board of Curators be presented to the ladies of Colum- \nbia, and that the portrait executed by Mr. Bingham be received and suspended in the \nrotunda of the University, that being the apartment originally designed for the reception of \nworks connected with the fine arts. \n\nResolved, That in adopting the above resolution, the Board is actuated solely by motives \nof respect for the ladies of Columbia, and for the distinguished artist of Missouri ; that the \nportrait is received precisely as any other fine specimen of the art of painting would be re- \nceived, without any reference whatever to the nature of the subject delineated on the can- \nvass. \n\nResolved, That be appointed ft committee to receive the painting, and to locate it \n\nagreeably to the first of these resolutions. \n\nThese resolutions were laid over until the next day, when Mr. \nLong, of St. Louis, introduced one providing that tlie portrait be re- \n<!eived and disposed of, as the ladies request,, and that a committee be \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 285^ \n\nappointed to carry out that a\'equest ; whereupon Dr. Duncan reintro- \nduced his whereas and resohitions as a substitute for Mr. Long\'s. \nDr. Smith then offered the following as an amendment to the substi- \ntute of Dr. Duncan : \n\nAmend by striking out all after the word "Whereas" in the substitute, and insert the \nfollowing : \n\n"Ex-President Latbrop, after his resignation of the Presidency of the University, and \nupon the eve of his departure, did, in a public address to the citizens of Boone County, in- \ndulge in a tirade of abuse and vituperation against six of the Curators for giving a con- \nscientious vote, by impugning their motives and denouncing them in most unmeasured \nterms, and \n\n" Whereas, in his valedictory address upon leaving the University, he made the most \nungenerous reflections upon the Board of Curators and the Legislature of the States \ntherefore, \n\n"Resolved, That, if we were governed by the dictates of human nature, we would un- \nhesitatingly reject the application to give his portrait a place in the University, but being \ndisposed to act upon the Christian principle of overcoming evil with good, and in token of \nrespect for the distinguished artist who executed the painting, and the ladies of Columbia \nwho have so politely made the request, it is hereby granted. \n\n^\'Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to receive the portrait and carry out \nthe object of the foregoing resolution. \n\nMr. Long moved that the substitute and amendment be rejected, \nand upon this motion the ayes and noes were called, and stood as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Matthews and Long \xe2\x80\x94 2. \n\nNoes \xe2\x80\x94 McElhaney, Ellison, Duncan, Robinson and Smith \xe2\x80\x94 5. \n\nJames Ellison offered the following amendment to the amendment:; \n\nAmend preamble by inserting after the word " Whereas," in the first line, the words, \n" we are credibly informed," and strike out all that portion relating to his valedictory address. . \n\nUpon this amendment the ayes and noes were called, and were as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Ellison, Duncan, McElhaney and Smith \xe2\x80\x94 4. \nNoes \xe2\x80\x94 Matthews, Long and Robinson \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nThe question was then taken upon the amendment as amended, \nand upon this the ayes and noes were called and stood as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 McElhaney, Ellison, Duncan,\' Robinson and Smith \xe2\x80\x94 5. \nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Matthews ai],d Long \xe2\x80\x94 2 . \n\nPassed, whereupon Mr. Ellison introduced the following resolu- \ntion : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That the letter of the ladies of Columbia be entered upon the Journal as \na paper laid before the Board by its President, and that the preamble and resolutions o.f \nacceptance be entered jimmediately under it. \n\n\n\n586 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nWhich was adopted. \n\nThe presentation of the portrait of President Lathrop, together \nwith the letter which accompanied it from the ladies, and the action \nof the Board of Curators thereon, were topics of the liveliest interest \nin the communit}\'^, and their discussion was attended by no little ill- \nfeeling and excitement. Indeed, this discussion finally assumed such \nproportions and character as to seek the newspapers as the medium \nof its utterance. \n\nMeeting of April 14, 1851. \xe2\x80\x94 Present \xe2\x80\x94 J. L. Matthews, Addison \nM. Lewis, Alton Long, W. D. McCracken, Henry Fullbright, Daniel \nPatten, W. H. Duncan, T. R. H. Smith, James L. Minor, N. C. \nOrear and Henr}^ F. Garey. \n\nOn the 4th of March preceding the date of this meeting an un- \nfortunate personal street encounter occurred in Columbia between \nRobert A. Grant, one of the tutors in the University, and George P. \nClarkson, a student, in which Clarkson was mortally wounded by a \npistol shot, dying nine days thereafter. \n\nThere were several resolutions offered on the subject and consider- \nable debate, the Board finally concluding that it would be best for \nthe institution, under the circumstances, for them to declare the office \n.of tutor vacant, which they did. \n\nMeeting August 11 , 1851. \xe2\x80\x94 Resignation of Prof. Leffingwell, of the \nchair of chemistry and natural history received and accepted. \nBolivar S. Head elected tutor of mathematics and Dr. Abram Lit- \nton, of St. Louis, professor of chemistry. \n\nMeeting March 31, 1852. \xe2\x80\x94 Present \xe2\x80\x94 Duncan, Lewis, Matthews, \nMcCracken, Minor, Stone and Garey. George C. Swallow was \nelected professor of chemistry and natural history andWm. C. Shields \nadjunct professor of ancient languages. \n\nMeasures adopted for the reconstruction of the President\'s " family \nhouse," or for building a new one. \n\nMembers of the Board who, from inability or disinclination to \nattend the meeting, requested to resign. \n\nAt the meeting of July 1, 1852, Sterling Price, Jr., was elected a \ntutor. \n\nAt the meeting, June 30, 1853, R. S. Thomas, professor of English \nliterature, and G. C. Swallow, professor of chemistry, geology, \netc,, tendered their resignations \xe2\x80\x94 the former to assume the duties \nof President of Wm. Jewell College, the latter to enter upon the geo- \nloirical survey of the State. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 287 \n\nAt the October meeting, 1853, after nine ballots, John Locke, Jr., \nof Cincinnati, was elected professor of natural science, and J. J. \n-Jacob, of Romney, Virginia (since Governor of West Virginia), pro- \nfessor of English literature. \n\nOn June 30, 1854, Sterling Price was made adjunct professor of \nEnglish literature. A communication was received from John W. \nHenry, superintendent of common schools (now one of the judges of \nthe Supreme Court) calling attention to the law in regard to the \nestablishment in the University of a professorship to be devoted to \nthe theory and practice of teaching, to be called the normal pro- \nfessorship. \n\nOn July 4, 1855, W. H. Duncan resigned the Treasurership of the \nBoard, and Walter T. Lenoir was elected to fill the vacancy. \n\nPRESIDENT SHANNON DECLINES RE-ELECTION. \n\nThe Legislature, by an act approved December 4, 1855, having de- \nclared vacant, on July 4, 1856, all the offices held by the President, \nprofessors, and tutors, James Shannon was unanimously re-elected to \nthat position for six years, terminating on 4th of July, 1862, an honor \nwhich he declined to accept. Resolutions highly complimentary to \nPresident Shannon were passed, and the honorary degree of LL.D. \nconferred upon him.^ \n\nELECTION OF PROF. HUDSON. \n\nCalvin F. Burns moved to declare Prof. W. W. Hudson President \nfor six years, when N. C. Orear moved that he be President ^?"0 tern. \nfor one session, commencing October 1. The motion of Mr. Burns \nand the amendment were laid on the table, 6 to 5, after which Mr. \nHudson was unanimously elected President; G. H. Matthews, Pro- \nfessor of Ancient Languages ; John J. Jacob, Professor of English \nLiterature; Wm. C. Shields, Associate Professor of Latin ; Bolivar \nS. Head, Professor of Mathematics, and Sterling Price, Normal Pro- \nfessor and Instructor in Greek ; John Locke, Jr., Professor of Chem- \nistry, Geology, Mineralogy, Physiology, and Anatomy. A Primary \n\n\n\n^ President Shannon was called to the Presidency of Christian University, Canton, Mo., \nwhich he accepted, and administered the trust very ably and satisfactorily for several years. \nHe was born in Monughan County, Ireland, April 23, 1799, and died in Canton, Mo., Feb- \nruary 25, 1859. His remains were interred in the Columbia Cemetery, and a beautiful mon- \niiment marks the place of their repose. \n\n\n\n288 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDepartment in the University was established, and the resident Cura- \ntors, on nomination of the Faculty of Arts, erajDowered to appoint \nteachers and fix their salaries. \n\nThe Board deemed it improper to elect Professors in the Medical \nDepartment, situated in St. Louis, which was equivalent to a dissolu- \ntion between the University and that department. \n\nAt the July meeting, 1857, President Hudson reported to the Board \nthat the Faculty had, at the beginning of the last session, appointed \nWm. Alexander, Teacher of Drawing, and Carlo De Haro, Teacher of \nModern Languages. Mr. Alexander accepted, but " Mr. De Haro re- \nturned a petulant rejection, partly because he was not honored with \nthe title of Professor, and partly because he considered the salary con- \ntemptible." The position was then tendered Ignace Hainer, of Iowa, \na Hungarian exile, who accepted it. Jasper J. Searcy, Principal, and \nWm. A. Buckner, Assistant, had hud charge of the Primary Depart- \nment. On motion of George H. Hall, the Secretary was instructed \nto notify Prof. Locke, in writing, to appear before the Board on the \nlast Tuesday of September, to answer charges of willful neglect of \nduty. Prof. Locke failing to appear at this meeting, the Curators \nproceeded to examine the testimony in relation to the charges, found \nthem true, and removed him from office. \n\nAt the August meeting, 1858, George C. Swallow was elected Pro- \nfessor of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Geology, etc., for four years from \nJuly 1, 1858, which he accepted, retaining, however, his position in the \nGeological survey of the State, \n\nDEATH OF PRESIDENT HUDSON. \n\nMeeting July 1 , 1859. \xe2\x80\x94 The death of President Hudson, which \noccurred June 14, 1859, was announced, and a committee \xe2\x80\x94 C. S. \nStone, Jno. W. Harris, Michael Bright and P. H. McBride \xe2\x80\x94 were \nappointed to correspond, with a view of filling the vacancy. Prof. \nMatthews was elected President of the University ^ro tem. \n\n, ELECTION OF DR. A. T. BLEDSOE, PRESIDENT. \n\nMeeting August 22, 1859. ^-On motion of Mr. Stone, Albert Tay- \nlor Bledsoe, LL. D., Professor of Mathematics in the University of \nVirginia, was elected President for six years from July 4, 1859. Sal- \nary $3,000 per annum, with use of President\'s house and grounds,, \nand $5 per scholar on all who may enter each year over the number of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 289 \n\neighty, beneficiaries excepted. Prof. Swallow was requested to de- \nliver durino; the next session, a course of lectures on " Scientific Ao- \nriculture." \n\nProf, Bledsoe declining to accept the presidency, a meeting \nof the Board was held on October 10, 1859. Present \xe2\x80\x94 McBride, \nHorner, Snell, Blacklege, Pollard, Brady, Stark, Cross, Orear, Har- \nris, Stone and Seay \xe2\x80\x94 12. After voting down a proposition made by \nMr. Seay to proceed immediately to the election of a President, the \nBoard resolved to take up and consider a memorial from the Faculty, \nin which they proposed to reconstruct the University on a new plan, \neach of the professors pledging himself to vacate his position in the \ninstitution, in order that the curators might be entirely free to fill the \nvarious chairs under said plan. Among its leading features were the \nfollowing : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThe studies to be divided into appropriate departments, each of \nwhich shall be independent of the others. Each professor to report \nto the Curators and be responsible to them alone. That instead of \nhaving a president, the Curators shall annually appoint some member \nof the fiiculty as its chairman, no one of whom shall be eligible two \nyears in succession. \n\nSeven departments were established: 1. Latin Language and \nLiterature. 2. Greek Lano-uao-e and Literature. 3. English Lan- \nguage and Literature. 4. Moral Philosophy and Political Science. \n5. Mathematics. 6. Astronomy and Natural Philosophy. 7. Nat- \nural Sciences and Scientific Agriculture. Also " Special Courses in \nStudy," each school independent of and separate from the other: \n1. School of Scientific Agriculture and Mechanics. 2. School of \nCivil Engineering. 3. Normal School. In each of these instruction \nto be given by professors of the " Departments." \n\nThis substantially was the system which prevailed in the University \nof Virginia. After much discussion, in which it was maintained by \nthe opponents of the new plan that it violated the organic law of the \ninstitution, it was adopted, 6 to 5, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 McBride, Harris, Horner, Snell, Cross, Blacklege \xe2\x80\x94 6. \nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Pollard, Seay, Orear, Brady and Stone \xe2\x80\x94 5. \nAbsent \xe2\x80\x94 Stark, who was sick in his room at the hotel. \n\nThe salary of each professor was fixed at $1,500 per annum, and the \nChairman of the Faculty, in addition, the use of the President\'s house \nand grounds. \n\nMr. Stone entered his protest on the Journal against the plan. \n19 \n\n\n\n290 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nAfter the adoption of the plan the Curators proceeded to. fill the \nseven departments by the election of the following professors, Pollard \nand Stone votino; ao^ainst each of them : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. William C. Shields. 2. George H. Matthews. 3. Sterling \nPrice, Jr. 4. John J. Jacob. 5. Bolivar S. Head. 6. To be filled \nbj the resident Curators. 7. George C. Swallow. Prof. Matthews \nwas elected Chairman of the Faculty. \n\nMeeting March 15, 1860. \xe2\x80\x94 Dr. Duncan nominated William H. \nAllen for President of the board, who was elected, and Gen. Doniphan \nnominated R. L. Todd for Secretary, who was also elected. On \nmotion of Mr. Hickman it was resolved that the University should be \nreorganized with a faculty of five regular professors: 1. English \nLanguage and Literature. 2. Mathematics. 3. Natural Sciences and \nNatural Philosophy. 4. Latin and Greek Languages. 5. Moral and \nIntellectual Philosophy and Political Science, one of whom shall be \nelected by the board President of the University. Also that there \nshall be a Primary Department. Also that a committee \xe2\x80\x94 Minor, \nDuncan and Todd \xe2\x80\x94 be appointed to correspond with the view of \nfilling the professorships, and report to the next meeting. Adopted \nunanimously, thus upsetting the plan of organization adopted at the \nOctober meeting. \n\nMeeting May 15, 1860. \xe2\x80\x94 It was resolved that Prof. Matthews \nshall be ex-officio President of the University, at a salary of $2,500, \nwith use of President\'s house, etc., and that the salary of the pro- \nfessors be $2,000 per annum. Terra of ofiice, four years, except \nprincipal of Primary Department, whose term shall be one year ; \nsalary, $1,000. \n\nGeorge H. Matthews was elected Professor of Ancient Lanofuasfes \nand Literature ; A. G. Wilkinson, of Washington City, Assistant \nProfessor and Instructor in German and French ; salary, $1-,100. \nJohn H. Lathrop was elected Professor of English Language and \nLiterature ; Edward T. Fristoe, Professor of Mathematics and \nAstronomy; Abram Lytton, Professor of Natural Sciences and \nNatural Philosophy ; and Jasper J. Searcy, Principal of the Primary \nDepartment. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 291 \n\n\n\nCHAPTER YII. \n\nHISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY AND AGRICULTURAL COL- \nLEGE \xe2\x80\x94 Concluded. \n\nElection of President Minor \xe2\x80\x94 Military oath prescribed bj\' Maj. Gen. Halleck \xe2\x80\x94 The Uni- \nversity closed \xe2\x80\x94 The University re-opened, with Dr. Lathrop as President of the Faculty \nJune, 1865, the University reorganized by the election of Dr. Lathrop as President \xe2\x80\x94 \nTiie State Agricultural College \xe2\x80\x94 First movement in the Board to secure its location \xe2\x80\x94 \nDeath of President Lathrop \xe2\x80\x94 Election of Daniel Read as President \xe2\x80\x94 The Stephens^ \nMedal \xe2\x80\x94 Constitution of 1865 on Education \xe2\x80\x94 A new departure in regard to the Univer- \nsity \xe2\x80\x94 $10,000 to rebuild the President\'s house and one and three-quarters per cent of \nthe State revenue, after deducting twenty-five per cent for Public Schools, appropriated \nto the University \xe2\x80\x94 The first Dollar ever Appropriated to it \xe2\x80\x94 Act of March 11, 1867 \xe2\x80\x94 \nLaw Department established \xe2\x80\x94 Inauguration of President Read \xe2\x80\x94 Erection of Club \nBoarding House \xe2\x80\x94 Agricultural College located \xe2\x80\x94 A long struggle ended \xe2\x80\x94 Citizens* \nmeeting \xe2\x80\x94 Action of the County Court \xe2\x80\x94 Proceedings of the Commissioners \xe2\x80\x94 Land \nCommi.^sioner and Land Appraisers appointed \xe2\x80\x94 Photographic likeness of the friends of \nthe Agricultural College hung in the Library \xe2\x80\x94 The School of Mines located \xe2\x80\x94 Laying \nthe corner-stone of the Scientific Building \xe2\x80\x94 Portrait of Dr. Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 Honors to James \nS. Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 Portrait of Edward Bates \xe2\x80\x94 Presentation of portrait of Dr. Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 Re- \nelection of President Read \xe2\x80\x94 Phelps County bonds declared illegal \xe2\x80\x94 Portrait of Prof. G. \nH. Matthews \xe2\x80\x94 Election and inauguration of S. S. Laws as President \xe2\x80\x94 Professors\' chairs \nvacated \xe2\x80\x94 Death of President Read \xe2\x80\x94 Death of Prof. George C. Bingham \xe2\x80\x94 Re-election \nof President Laws \xe2\x80\x94 "The Laws Observatory and Telescope " \xe2\x80\x94 " The McAnally prize \nfor English " \xe2\x80\x94Sale of Agricultural College lands \xe2\x80\x94 The Rollins bell \xe2\x80\x94 The chair occupied \nby Prof Swallow declared vacant \xe2\x80\x94 J. W.Sanborn elected to fill it \xe2\x80\x94 Endorsement of \nPresident Laws. \n\nBENJAMIN D. MINOR ELECTED PRESIDENT. \n\nMeeting July 2 , 1860. \xe2\x80\x94 Benj. B. Minor, ofEichmond,Va., was elec- \nted President, to be installed October 2, 1860, and J.W. Tucker, of the \ncommissioners, requested to deliver an address on behalf of the cura- \ntors. J. G. Norwood was elected Professor of Natural Sciences and \nNatural Philosophy. \n\nMeeting October 2, 1860. \xe2\x80\x94 The thanks of the Board were tendered \nJ. W. Tucker and President Minor for their addresses, copies re- \nquested for publication, and 10,000 ordered to be printed. \n\nMILITARY OATH TO BE TAKEN. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 Meeting March 19, 1862. \xe2\x80\x94 Major General Halleck, Commander of \nthe Department of the Missouri, having issued an order, February 3, \n1862, that the president, professors, curators, and other officers of \n\n\n\n292 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, \n\nthe University take the oath of allegiance prescribed by the Sixth \nArticle of the State Ordinance of October 16, 1861, and file the same \nin the ofiice of the Provost Marshal General, in St. Lonis, within 30 \ndays, in default of which the}^ will be considered as having resigned \ntheir respective offices. On motion of Mr. Kussell, the officers named \nbe requested to state in writing by two o\'clock that day whether they \nhave or have not taken said oath. General Halleck\'s order also pro- \nvided that " this institution having been endowed Nby the govern- \nment of the United States, its funds should not be used to teach \ntreason or to instruct traitors." And that if any one of the persons \nnamed, failing to take said oath, " shall thereafter attempt to obtain \npay, or perform the functions of such office, he will be tried and pun- \nished for military offence." Responses were received from President \nMinor and from Professors Lathrop, Matthews and Norwood, that they \nhad taken the oath. Dr. W. T. Lenoir, Treasurer, refused to take it, \nsubmitted a statement of his accounts, and tendered his resignation. \nThomas B. Gentry was elected Treasurer in his stead. \n\nAverage daily attendance of students only about forty. \n\nProf. Fristoe having abandoned his post for the purpose of joining \nPrice^s army, his chair was declared vacant. \n\nTHE UNIVERSITY CLOSED. \n\nA resolution was passed declaring the offices of president, profes- \nsors and tutor vacant from that day, and that the treasurer refund to \nthe pupils the proportion of tuition fees paid by them for the unex- \npired part of the term, thus closing the institution on account of the \nprevalence of civil war, and the military occupancy of the buildings \nand grounds. \n\nA warrant for $1,200 to Prof. Lathrop was issued in liquidation of \nan equitable claim in his favor, for parts of salary voluntarily remitted \nby him in 1843. \n\nA communication was received from President Minor, protesting \nagainst the discontinuance of his office, which was laid on the table. \n\nUNIVERSITY REOPENED. \n\nMeeting November 12, 1862. \xe2\x80\x94 The offices of professor of English \nlanguage and literature (John H. Lathrop), and of ancient languages \nand literature (George H. Matthews), M\'^ere revived and continued for \nthe session to be opened November 24, 1862 ; Dr. Lathrop to be \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 293 \n\nchairman of the faculty. The troops requested to vacate the east \nwmg of the building. A paper, in the nature of a protest, received \nfrom ex-President Minor, which was returned to him without com- \nment. \n\nMeeting February 17, 1863. \xe2\x80\x94 The Commissioners \xe2\x80\x94 Jno. H. Lath- \nrop, B. McAlister and Henry Keen \xe2\x80\x94 appointed by the resident cura- \ntors to assess damages to University buildings and grounds, by reason \nof military occupancy, reported the same (with items in detail) at \n$3,000. \n\nMeeting Aug^ist 11, 1863. \xe2\x80\x94 University reorganized for the session \nof 1863-4, by the election of Dr. Lathrop chairman of the faculty \nand professor of mental and moral science, G.H. Matthews, professor \nof ancient languages and literature ; Dr. Norwood, professor of \nnatural sciences and natural philosophy, and J. N. C. Karnes and H, \nN. Ess, tutors. Dr. Lathrop, in addition to salary, to have use of \nPresident\'s house and grounds. \n\nMeeting June 28, 1864. \xe2\x80\x94 Thos. M, Allen elected president of the \nBoard. Professors Lathrop, Matthews and Norwood were requested \nto continue in the positions then held by them for the next year, \nwhich they agreed to do. \n\nJNO. H. LATHROP ELECTED PRESIDENT. \n\nMeeting June 27, 1865\'. \xe2\x80\x94 Moss Prewitt elected President of the \nBoard. The civil war being at an end, and the white-winged messen- \nger of peace having again returned to bless our country, the Univer- \nsity was reorganized by the election of Jno. H. Lathrop President \nand of G. H. Matthews, J. G. Noiwood and Carr W.Pritchett profes- \nsors (the latter of mathematics) for one year. In addition, a normal \ndepartment, on motion of Mr. Russell, w^as created. Among other \nimportant business transacted a resolution, offered by Mr. Bruere, of \nSt. Charles, was passed, requiring the Executive Committee to memo- \nrialize Congress to repay to the University the damages occasioned \nby the occupation of Federal troops ; and one, offered by Mr. Russell, \nappointing a committee \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Clark, Sutherland, Kellerman \nand Hewitt \xe2\x80\x94 to guard the funds of the University in the Legis- \nlature, and procure indemnity for any loss that may occur. The \nLegislature was also requested to remove the restriction, which pro- \nhibits, virtually, ministers of the gospel from holding office in the \nfaculty. \n\n\n\n294 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSTATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. \n\nMeeting July 26, 1865. \xe2\x80\x94 To Mr. L. M. Lawson, a graduate of the \nUniversity and for some years past a well-known and successful banker \nin New York City, belongs the honor of making the first movement \nin the Board of Curators to secure, at Columbia, the location of the \nAgricultural College. At the July meeting, 1865, he offered the fol- \nlowing preamble and resolution, which was supported by him in an \nable speech, and which we regard of sufficient importance to require \nits insertion at length : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, The Congress of the United States having made a large grant of lands to each \nof the States, with a view to establish and endow "Agricultural Colleges therein ; and \nwhereas, the State of Missouri having the entire control of the State University, located at \nColumbia \xe2\x80\x94 the endowment of which has been derived exclusively from the bounty of the \nUnited States Government and the people of Boone County \xe2\x80\x94 with library, philosophical, \nchemical and astronomical apparatus, geological cabinet, etc., thus presenting very strong \nconsiderations \xe2\x80\x94 in view of economy, and an early success of the enterprise \xe2\x80\x94 why the pro- \nposed agricultural college should be connected with the University ; be it therefore \n\nResolved, That a committee of five members of this Board be appointed to consider this \nsubject, and in behalf of the Board to memorialize the General Assembly, at its next meet- \ning, in favor of connecting the proposed Agricultural College with the State University. \n\nThis resolution was adopted nem. con, and Messrs. Lawson, Clark, \nEsteb, Robinson and Russell were appointed the committee to memo- \nrialize the General Assembly on the subject. \n\nMeeting December 13, 1865. \xe2\x80\x94 During the recess of the Board, \nThos. Yeatman, New Haven, Conn., a gentleman eminently qualified \nfor the position, very generously tendered his services to the Execu- \ntive Committee to discharge the duties of Professor of English Lan- \nguage and Literature, for the current year, without compensation ; \nbut afterwards and unexpectedly, circumstances rendered it impossible \nfor him to do so. \n\nThe Executive Committee reported that on October 11, 1865, they \nappointed Joseph Ficklin Professor of Mathematics at a salary of \n$800 per annum, and $5 on each paying student. Also, that John W. \nCowgill had been appointed tutor. The President\'s house having \nbeen destroyed by fire November 27, 1865, the two-story frame build- \ning ill the northwest corner of the campus, now known as "the \nEnglish building," was fitted up as a residence for President Lathrop \nand family. \n\nThe Legislature Avas requested, by resolution, to appropriate $15,- \n000 to rebuild the President\'s home, and among other reasons given \nin favor of the proposition, the singular fact is mentioned that up to \n\n\n\n\n\n*S- iyGao.E.Peima ISex\'V\'^^ \n\n\n\n\nH. LATHFLOP.LL.D, \npR\xc2\xa3srrjF,A"r of ojviveesity of Jiro. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 295 \n\nthat time the State had never, directly or indirectly, contributed from \nthe treasury a single dollar for the institution. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Lindsay a copy of the address delivered m the \nChapel by Enos Clark, by invitation of the faculty, was requested for \npublication in the Missouri States7nan and Missouri Democrat. \n\nMeeting June 27, 1866. \xe2\x80\x94 Oren Koot, Jr., of New. York, was \nelected Professor of Eno-lish Lano-uao-es and Literature. \n\nMr. Lawson introduced a resolution, which passed, looking to the \nappointment of a military professor, under the act of Congress of \nJuly 2, 1862. \n\ndp:ath of president lathrop. \n\nMeeting August 29, 1866. \xe2\x80\x94 In view of the death of President La- \nthrop, who died August 6, 1866, the session of the Board was opened \nwith prayer by Rev. Henry A. Nelson, D. D., on whose motion a com- \nmittee (Nelson, Perry and James H. Robinson) was appointed to \nreport a suitable minute touching his death. They submitted the fol- \nlowing, which was adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThe Board of Curators of the University of the State of Missouri, being convened in \n-special session in consequence of the recent death of President Lathrop, desire to put on \nrecord our profound sense of personal bereavement and of public loss in that afflictive dis- \npensation of Divine Providence. We would accept it in humble submission to the will of \n\xe2\x80\xa2God, whose infallible wisdom and perfect righteousness we devoutly acknowledge. Yet, we \nfeel it as a calamity of no ordinary magnitude. Having been the first President of this Uni- \nversity ; having labored for its establishment and advancement with extraordinary diligence, \npatience and self-denial; having adhered to it in days of adversity and darkness; having \nadorned it with his elegant scholarship, enriched it with his rare wisdom and large experi- \nence, and loved it with. paternal affection, his sudden death calls its guardians and its pupils \nand alumni to mourning only less than his afflicted family. To them we tender the assur- \nance of our heartfelt sympathj^ of our sincere disposition to do all in our power to mitigate \ntheir calamity, and of the very high honor in which we will ever hold the memory of him \nwhom they have lost and whom we so esteem as a man and an educator; that we can \nscarcely wish for more than that another such as he may be found to succeed him. \n\nWhich was adopted, and a copy thereof ordered to be furnished to \nthe family of Dr. Lathrop, and also for publication. \nOn motion of Mr. Robinson : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That some badge of mourning, as a token of respect for Dr, Lathrop\'s mem- \nory, be put in the lecture-rooms of the University until the close of the next commencement \n\xe2\x80\xa2exercises. \n\nOn Friday, August 3, 1866, a citizens\' meeting was held in the \ncourt-house in Columbia, on the occasion of the death of President \nLathrop, which was called to order by Moss Prewitt, President of the \nBoard of Curators of the University, on whose motion Hon. Jas. S. \n\n\n\n296 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nRollins was called to the chair. After explanation of the purposes of \nthe meeting, the honorable chairman proceeded to a brief and feeling \nreview of the life and character of the illustrious deceased, which \nfound a warm response in the hearts of all present. On motion of J. \nF. Baker, James L. Stephens was elected secretary, whereupon Col. \nW. F. Switzler offered resolutions, accompanying their presentation \nwith remarks befitting the solemn occasion, in which proper testimony \nwas borne to his blameless life, distinguished usefulness, and noble \nexample, and to his eminent learning and faithful labors in the cause \nof education. . The resolutions were unanimously adopted, after which \nthe chairman appointed the following pall-bearers : Moss Prewitt, \nProf. Joseph Ficklin, N. W. Wilson, Warren Woodson, Dr. Paul Hub- \nbard, James H. Waugh, and William F. Switzler \xe2\x80\x94 J. S. Rollins also \nappointed by the meeting. \n\nThe following gentlemen were appointed a committee to make suit- \nable arrangements for the funeral, namely : Joseph B. Douglass, F. \nT. Russell, and J. Scott Payne. \n\nSince the last meeting the Executive Committee employed as tutor \nD. W. B. Kurtz. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Sutherland, as a further testimonial in honor of \nPresident Lathrop, it was resolved to adopt measures to establish and \nendow a Lathrop Professorship of Mental and Moral Science. Com- \nmittee : Sutherland, Allen, and Denny. \n\nELECTION OF DANIEL READ, PRESIDENT. \n\nDaniel Read, LL. D., of Madison, Wisconsin, was elected Presi- \ndent for four years, at a salary of $2,500 per annum, with the usual \nperquisites. \n\nProf. C. H. Crowell, of Alton, Illinois, was elected Principal of the \nPreparatory Department. \n\nMaj. Gen. Hancock, Commander of the Department of the Mis- \nsouri, having detailed a board of officers of the army to assess the \ndamage done to the University buildings and grounds by military \noccupancy during the war, the secretary was requested to ask him \nto furnish the Board a copy of the order. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Russell, a committee of five was appointed to \nprepare and present to the General Assembly a memorial advocating \nthe location of the Ao;ricultural and Mechanical College in connection \nwith the University. Committee : Russell, Clark, of St. Louis ; \nRobinson, Todd and Love. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 297 \n\nMeeting April 9, I8Q7. \xe2\x80\x94 A letter received from James L. Stephens, \ndonating $500, the annual interest on which is to be expended in a. \ngold medal, to be awarded to the stndent in the Senior Class who \nshall excel in oratory, which was accepted with thanks. Also, $25 \nfrom Prof. Swallow, as a prize to the graduate who stands the best \nin the department ot natural sciences. Accepted with thanks. \n\nJames H. Waugh elected treasurer of the board. \n\nA committee of two \xe2\x80\x94 Enos Clark and R. L.Todd \xe2\x80\x94 were ap- \npointed, in connection with President Read, to prepare a plan for a \nNormal School. \n\nCONSTITUTION OF 1865 ACT OF MARCH 11, 1867 A NEW DEPART- \nURE IN REGARD TO THE UNIVERSITY. \n\nThe Constitution of 1865 contained the tirst organic definition of \nwhat the public school fund shall consist, and after doing so proceeds to \ndeclare that it " shall be securely invested and sacredly preserved " as \nsuch fund, and that the annual income thereof, " together with so much \nof the ordinary revenue of the State as may be necessary, shall be \nfaithfully appropriated for establishing and maintaining the free \nschools a7id the University in this article provided for, and for no \nother uses or purposes whatsoever." \n\nThese provisions not only clearly defined the sources of the public \nschool fund and made the University a part of the educational system \nof the State, but it placed that institution on a new financial foun- \ndation, to wit : a sharer with the public schools of the annual income \nof the fund, together with so much of the ordinary revenue of the \nState as may be necessary to maintain it. \n\nIn obedience, therefore, to the liberal University policy here en- \njoined on the General Assembly, that body, by the act of March 11, \n1867, not only appropriated ten thousand dollars to rebuild the Pres- \nident\'s house, but also, in the second section of the same act, pro- \nvided that : \n\nThere is also set aside and appropriated, annually, for the support of the State University \nof Missouri, out of the revenue of the State, after first deducting therefrom the one-fourth of \nthe revenue for the Public School Fund, one and three-quarter per cent of such balance ot \nthe State revenue ; and this is declared to belong to the University, and shall be paid to the \nTreasurer of the Board of Curators, as provided for by law, for the payment of other funds \nof the University. \n\nThe University was located in 1839, twenty-eight years previous \nto the passage of this act, and it is historically true that notwithstand- \n\n\n\n298 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ning the donation to the State by Boone Con ntj of nearly one hnndred \n. and twenty thousand dolhirs, with which the edifice was erected and \npartially equip^Ded for the purposes of its establishment, the party in \npower, although constantly asked to do so, had never appropriated a \ndollar to maintain it, the act above mentioned being the first in our \nhistory which recognized the constitutional obligation to maintain it. \nThis act was the turning point in the policy of the State towards \nthe University, and secured to the institution, annually, without a bi- \nennial scramble in the Legislature, an ever-increasing sum for its \nsupport, the amount of which depended on the amount of the revenue \nof the State. \n\nThe act remained in force, apparently as the settled policy of the \nState, until the adoption of the Constitution of 1875, when unfortun- \nately, and without good reason, as many maintain, the Supreme Court \nof the State decided that the Constitution repealed this and all similar \nacts, and that henceforth appropriations for the support of the Uni- \nversity and all others must be made by each Legislature. \n\nMeeting of Curators, April 9, 1879, continued: \xe2\x80\x94 On motion of \nMr. Eussell, the nearest district school in Columbia was attached to \nand made a part of the institution, as a model school, and the Execu- \ntive Committee, with the School Trustees, were requested to arrange \nthe details and set the school in operation, in the frame building in \nthe northwest corner of the Campus. \n\nLAW DEPARTMENT ESTABLISHED. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Lawson, a Law Department was established in \nthe University, and a committee of three was appointed, in connec- \ntion with President Read, to arrange the details. Committee : Law- \nson, Clark and Russell. \n\nMotion that E. P. Lampkin be appointed Principal of the Prepara- \ntory Department at a salary of $1,400. Referred to the Committee \non Normal School. \n\nMr. Crowell was notified that his services would not be needed in \nthe Preparatory Department after the close of the present session. \n\nINAUGURATION OF PRESIDENT READ. \n\nThe following notice of the ceremonies is copied from the Columbia \nStatesman, of June 28, 1867: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" The occasion of the formal inauguration of Daniel Read, LL. D., \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 299 \n\nas President of the University of Missouri, was of rare interest in \nColumbia. The exercises occurred at 10 o\'clock on Wednesday be- \nfore a large audience composed of the Board of Curators, Faculty \nand students of the University, strangers, visitors and citizens. \nAbout ten o\'clock a procession was formed at the court house under \nthe direction of Col. J. R. Shields, marshal of the day, and headed \nby the Mexico Cornet Baud, marched to the University. \n\n" L. M. Yernon, Esq., of Greene County, one of the Curators, pre- \nsided. After a most solemn and appropriate invocation of the Throne \nof Grace by the venerable Elder Thomas M. Allen, the Hon. Philemon \nBliss, of St. Joseph, was introduced, who, on behalf of the Board of \nCurators and in their name, introduced Dr. Read as President-elect \nof the University, and proceeded to deliver a short, able and appro- \npriate address which was heartily applauded at its close. \n\n" After the close of Judge Bliss\' introductory speech, Dr. Read re- \nsponded in an inaugural address of about one hour\'s duration. The \naddress of Dr. Read eminently befitted the great occasion \xe2\x80\x94 was \nearnest and practical, lucid in its enunciation of the true policy of the \n.State, and in every respect very able. In short, this inaugural of the \nnew President of the University, so replete with practical wisdom, so \nearnest and full of hope, delighted the friends of the institution, and \ncannot fail most favorably to influence the public mind in its behalf." \n\nMeeting June 25, 1867. \xe2\x80\x94 John C. Conley presented $25 as a \nprize to the graduate who shall excel in oratory at commencement, \nJune 27, 1867. Received with thanks. On motion of Mr. Bliss a \nCollege of Agricultural and Natural Science was established, with \nNorton S. Townshend, of Ohio, principal, on condition that the \nLegislature sanction the act and make the needed appropriation \ntherefor. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Baker a Normal College in the University was \nestablished, and on motion of Mr. Matthias, W. F. Phelps, of Minne- \n.sota, was elected professor at a salary of $2,500 per annum. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Baker it was resolved that the President of the \nUniversity is hereby respectfully instructed to interdict from the \npublic orations and essays of students of the University any compli- \nmentary allusion to men who have been instrumental in seeking the \ndestruction of our government, or the advancing of any ideas indi- \ncating a spirit alien to the unity of our country. [Mr. Baker was \nProvost Marshal General of Missouri during the latter part of the \nwar.] \n\n\n\n300 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nI \n\nOn motion of Mr. Russell, Nathaniel Holmes, one of the Judges of \nthe Supreme Court of Missouri, was elected Professor of Law at \na salary of $1,000. \n\nMeeting December 23, 1867. \xe2\x80\x94 The appointment b}^ the Executive \nCommittee of Prof. E. L. Ripley, of Michigan, as Principal of the \nNormal Department, and of Mrs. Caroline E. Ripley as Principal of \nthe Model School, and of Miss Mary Brlce Read \xe2\x80\x94 the latter a daugh- \nter of President Read \xe2\x80\x94 as Assistant in the Model School, were \napproved. \n\nBy invitation, Hon. J. S. Rollins and Prof. G. C. Swallow, ad- \ndressed the board on the subject of the location of the Agricultural \nCollege in connection with the University ; whereupon, on motion of \nMr. Russell, a committee \xe2\x80\x94 Russell, Case and Todd \xe2\x80\x94 were appointed, \nin conjunction with Rollins and Swallow, to prepare and submit to \nthe Legislature a bill locating said College in Columbia. President \nRead was added to the committee. \n\nThe chair of Ancient Languages and Literature (Matthews) was \ndeclared vacant after the present collegiate year. \n\nMr. Case offered the following, audit was unanimously adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That in vacating the chair of Ancient Languages and Literature, so long and \nably filled by Prof. George H. Matthews, the Board has been actuated strictly and solely by \nconvictions of duty to the University, believing that its interests will be thereby ad- \nvanced. That we regret exceedingly that Prof. Matthews\' health is such as to have im- \npaired his usefulness and render it imperative on us not longer to continue him in his chair; \nand that we extend to him assurances of our high appreciation of his long, arduous and \nfaithful services, recognizing him always as identified with the success and future growth \nand prosperity of the University. \n\nMr. Nelson moved that the question of filling the chair of Ancient \nLanguages and Literature be referred to a committee, to whom the \ntestimonials of applicants shall be addressed, and whose report shall \nbe made to the next meeting of the Board, which was adopted, and \nthe following committee appointed : J. H. Baker, Booneville ; A. J. \nConant, St. Louis ; Philemon Bliss, St. Joseph ; R. L. Todd, \nColumbia. \n\nMeeting April 1, 1868. \xe2\x80\x94 Ex-President Minor presented a bill of \n$5,694.45 against the University for arrears of salary and interest, \nwhich was rejected. The Board, after various motions and much \ndiscussion, proceeded to the election of a Professor of Ancient \nLanguages and Literature, with the following result: Rev. L. M. \nVernon, 7 ; Rev. John M. Packer, 7. The Vice President, T. M. Allen, \nacting as chairman \xe2\x80\x94 Moss Prewitt being absent \xe2\x80\x94 voted, to which \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 301 \n\nMr. Baker entered his oral protest. There being a tie there was no \nelection. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Sutherland, the Librarian was instructed to sell \nas waste paper the surplus addresses delivered in 1860 by ex-Presi- \ndent Minor and J. W. Tucker. \n\nD. W. B. Kurtz was declared Assistant Professor in the Normal \nDepartment, at a salary of $1,000. Rev. Leroy M. Vernon, of \nSpringfield, Mo., was elected Professor of Latin Language and \nLiterature, and Rev. John M. Packer of Greek Language and Lit- \n\'Crature. \n\nThe Executive Committee were authorized to make arrangement \nfor the cheap boarding of students by supplying them with rooms \nat a low rate of rent, if they can be had, or by building suitable \ncottages. \n\nMr. Baker was authorized to correspond with the Secretary of War \nrelative to the appointment of Gen. R. W. Johnson to the chair of \nMilitary Science in the University. \n\nMeeting December 28, 1868. \xe2\x80\x94 L. M. Vernon declined the pro- \nfessorship of Latin Language and Literature. \n\nThe Executive Committee, having since the June meeting purchased \nground and erected club boarding-houses thereon for the use of stu- \ndents, the Board approved their action. \n\nMaj. Gen. Johnson was designated by the Secretary of War as \nProfessor of Military Science and assumed his duties at the beofinnino- \nof the current session, and a uniform for the military cadets was \nadopted. \n\nThe chair of Latin Language and Literature being vacant, the \nGreek professor was instructed to take charge of the instruction in \nLatin until otherwise ordered. \n\nMeeting in Jefferson City, January 27, 1869. \xe2\x80\x94 President Read, \nin the hall of the House, at 7 o\'clock p. m., addressed the Board and \na large audience, chiefly on the subject of locating the Agricultural \nCollege at Columbia. Additional boarding cottages authorized to be \nerected. \n\nMeeting June 29, 1869. \xe2\x80\x94 J. S. Rollins elected President of the \nBoard, and has occupied that position continuously to the present \ntime \xe2\x80\x94 1882. Gen. Johnson retired from the Professorship of Mili- \nitary Science, and resolutions highly complimentary to him were \npassed by the Board. \n\nDaniel Read re-elected President of the University for four years. \n\n\n\n302 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nTHE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE LOCATED. \n\nAfter a four years\' struggle in the Legislature against the unreason- \nable and inveterate prejudices of many of the party in power against \nthe county of Boone, against a remarkable lack of information on the \nsubject and a desire to fritter away the fund by appropriating ta \nother objects, the Agricultural College, by an act approved February \n24, 1870, was finally located at Columbia, in connection with the \nState University. The contest was long and doubtful, and often \ncharacterized by great bitterness and much partisan feeling, and it is \nbut justice to say that but for the persistent efforts, ability, tact and \nprudence of James S. Eollins, Senator from Boone district, aided and \nassisted by the watchful care and ceaseless energy and adroitness in \ndebate of F. T.Russell, a member of the House from Boone \xe2\x80\x94 \nassisted b}^ the able efforts of Dr. Read, the President of the Uni- \nversity \xe2\x80\x94 the College never would have been located in Boone County. \nDr. Read, by learned and able discourses, aroused the Legislature to \nthe importance of the College and the necessity of its connection with \nthe University, and to him no small share of credit is due for the \nfinal triumph. \n\nThe members from Boone, and especially \'Rollins and Russell, were \nconstant, in season and out of season, often discouraged by implacable \nopposition and temporar}^ defeats, but with an eye single to the ob- \nject in view, they finally achieved a Legislative victory, which for \nBoone County, for the college itself, and for the State, is the greatest \nin the history of their public careers. \n\nThe opposition came from within and from without, from leading \nmen on the floor of both Houses, and from different parts of the \nState, who came to the capital to circumvent their efforts by plausible \nschemes to divert the proceeds of the sales of the lands to objects not \ncontemplated by the Act of Congress, b}^ giving a portion of it to \nLincoln Institute, by providing that colored students should be admitted \nboth to the College and to the University, by threats to move the \nUniversity from Columbia, and by numberless other amendments, too \nnumerous to be stated here, to cripple or to defeat the proposition. \nThe last one of the most formidable was to establish a Mining School \nin Southeast Missouri, in the mineral district, and to appropriate to \nit annually one-fourth of the proceeds of the sales of the lands ; said \nschool to be located by the curators in the county which shall donate \nto the State, for building and other purposes, not less than $20,000 in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 303 \n\ncash, nor less than twenty acres in hind, on which to erect buildings, \nand lots of mineral land, in such quantity and kind as may be deemed \nnecessary for said school for practical and experimental minino-. Con- \nvinced that the College could not be located at all, and especially in \nconnection with the State University, without this concession, the \nmembers from Boone and other true friends of the College, in a spirit \nof compromise, agreed to it, and the act was finally passed. \n\nThe location, however, was not unconditional, for so great a benefit \nwas not to be conferred upon the people of Boone County without \ntheir paying something for it. Therefore, the act provided that, by \nthe second Monday of May next ensuing, in consideration of the per- \nmanent location of the College in connection with the State University, \nthey were to donate not less than $30,000 in cash, to be used in erect- \ning such buildings and making such improvements as may be needed \nfor the College, and in addition, to donate for a model or experimental \nfarm not less than 640 acres of land, located convenient to the \nUniver^jity grounds. And Boone County promptly complied with the \nconsiderations. \n\ncitizens\' meeting. \n\nOn Saturday evening, February 26, 1870, a public meeting was \nheld in the University chapel, to take suitable action on the attainment \nof the great victory. \n\nOn motion of A. J. Harbison, Gen. Odon Guitar was made Presi- \ndent of the meeting, and on motion of J. H. Waugh, C. P. Anderson \nend Lewis M. Switzler were made Secretaries. Gen. Guitar explained \nthe objects of the meeting. He said that the Agricultural and \nMechanical College was a great boon offered to us by the Legislature. \nWe have now the opportunity of making our county a great educa- \ntional centre. The University has passed through a severe struggle, \nbut a glorious success for it and for us all is now within our grasp. \nWe have cherished this institution in times of peace and war, and \nthough at times it has had scarcely a sufficient competency to sustain \nitself, it has nevertheless kept on, and will now emerge from all \nembarrassments as one of the first institutions of the country. \n\nCol. Eussell moved that a committee of seven be appointed to draft \nand report resolutions for adoption by the meeting ; carried, and the \nchair appointed the following on the committee : E. L. Todd, R. H. \nSmith, A. J. Harbison, David Gordon, J. L. Stephens, Jefi". Garth \nand James I. Hickman. \n\nThe committee retired, and Maj. J. S. Rollins, being called for, \n\n\n\n304 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nappeared, and was greeted with applause, and delivered just such a \nspeech as under the circumstances was eminently befitting him and \nthe occasion. \n\nACTION OF THE COUNTY COURT. \n\nOn Wednesday, March 16, 1870, a special session of the Boone \nCounty Court was held to take into consideration the location of the \nAgricultural College. All the judges were present \xe2\x80\x94 James Arnold, \nJames Harris and John W. Hall. Although the day was unusually \ninclement, on account of the intense cold and a drifting snow, quite a \nrespectable number of citizens were present. The court was addressed \nin favor of the requisite a[)propriations by Col. Switzler (who had \njust returned from Washington) and by Gen. Guitar. A meeting of \nthe citizens was then organized, of which W. F. Switzler was chosen \nchairman and H. N. Cook secretary, to appoint a committee of citi- \nzens to act in conjunction with members of the Board of Curators in \nthe selection of a farm site. The meeting was addressed by James \nL. Stephens in regard to the importance of the College to our county, \nand urging prompt and liberal action on the part of the court. He \nmoved that Henry Keene, John Macliir and Joel H. Haden be \nappointed the committee on the part of the citizens. Motion carried. \nOn motion Boyle Gordon and James L. Stephens were added to the \ncommittee. \n\nOn Monday, March 21, the County Court, all the judges being \npresent, had another meeting, and heard the suggestions of all citi- \nzens who chose to address them in reference to the selection and pur- \nchase of the agricultural farm. \n\nR. L. Todd, one of the local Board of Curators, and J. L. Ste- \nphens, from the committee of citizens appointed at the meeting on the \n16th, submitted to the court a number of facts in regard to lands and \ntheir probable cost, which might be selected for the farm. These \nembraced quite a number of combinations or plats of ground, each \ncontaining six hundred and forty acres, and their estimated cost, vary- \ning from $62,000 to $108,000. \n\nAs, under the law, the local Board of Curators, R. L. Todd, J. S. \nRollins, Paul Hubbard, T. M. Allen and F. T. Russell, are authorized \nto receive subscriptions and purchase the lands, the court, after hear- \ning the subject fulh^ discussed, deemed it wisest to make no further \norder until this board, which has a legal existence under the act, re- \nports to the court the lands they prefer and the lowest sum at which \nthey can be purchased. \n\n\n\nHISTORr OF BOONE COUNTY. 305 \n\nThe court then adjourned to meet at its regular session on Monday, \nApril 4th, on which day the further consideration of the subject was \npostponed until Monday, April 11, when Maj. Eollins, on behalf of \nthe Curators, presented to the court a report embodying several com- \nbinations of lands. Mr. J. L. Stephens presented one combination, \nembodying chiefly the Garth farm. \n\nThe court then unanimously made an appropriation of $80,000 to \npurchase the agricultural farm, leaving the selection of the land to \nthe local Board of Curators. This appropriation, added to the one of \n150,000 made by the court on the 16th ult., makes $80,000 appro- \npriated by the court. Adding the $10,000 appropriated by the cor- \nporation of Columbia, makes the total amount $90,000. The bonds \nare one-twenty years bonds and bear ten per cent interest, payable \nsemi-annually. It was understood the owners of any land that may \nbe purchased were to be paid in bonds for their land. \n\nThe local Board of Curators made two reports to the court, pre- \nsenting in all eight combinations of land of 640 acres each, and the \nprices at which they could be purchased. The court finally made a \nselection of the tract or combination, which the Commissioners ac- \ncepted, and thus closed the long contest. \n\nPROCEEDINGS OF THE COMMISSIONERS. \n\nOn Tuesday, May 3, 1870, a majority of the State Commissioners, \nnamely, Edward Wyman, of St. Louis ; Philemon Bliss, of St. Joseph ; \nJ. W. Matthias, of Springfield, and R. L. Todd and Paul Hubbard, of \nColumbia, met in Columbia to discharge the duties assigned them by \nlaw in regard to the acceptance or rejection of the lands offered by \nBoone County for a model or experimental farm for the Agricultural \nCollege. \n\nThe lands off\'ered, six hundred and forty acres, consist of twelve \n:acres bought of Prof. G. C. Swallow, twenty acres of Mr. T. J. Mc- \n<Diellan, about one hundred and eighty-three acres of the Hudson \ntract, west of Hinkston Creek, and including the fine residence \nthereon, and the remainder, about four hundred and twenty-four \nacres of Major Rollins, all of which lies east of the Providence road, \nexcluding about thirty acres around his residence, and including the \nvineyard and garden on the Hinkston. \n\nThe lands and titles were minutely examined, and unanimousl}^ and \nwithout hesitation accepted, thus finally consummating the work and \n20 \n\n\n\n306 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nstruggle of years, iind permanently locating the Agricultural and Me- \nchanical College in the county of Boone. \n\nNeither Mr. H. B. Johnson, the Attorney General, nor Mr. T. A. \nParker, Superintendent of Public Instruction, were present, both \nbeing absent from Jefferson City when the notice of the meeting of \nthe Commissioners reached there. \n\nBut the Agricultural College is located, finally and forever, and \nthe fact goes into history. \n\nMeeting of the Curators on May 5, 1870. \xe2\x80\x94 On motion of Mr. Rus- \nsell, a committee of five was appointed \xe2\x80\x94 Conant, Northcott, Russell, \nRead and Orrick \xe2\x80\x94 \'to locate the School of Mines, as provided in the \nact of the Legislature. The President, Mr. Rollins, was added to the \ncommittee. \n\nJudge Jas. Harris, of Boone County, and Dr. L. D. Morse, of Kirk- \nwood, were elected by the Board to inspect and appraise the Agricul- \ntural College lands, note the character of soil, amount of stone and \ntimber on it, etc., and see if the full amount of land to which the \nState is entitled under the act of Congress has been selected, and to \nreport. Pay, $6 per day. \n\nA committee, consisting of Edw. Wyman, Dr. Reed, J. W. Mat- \nthias, F. T. Russell and R. L. Todd, was appointed to revise the \nvarious courses of study in the University, and the rules and regula- \ntions connected therewith, so as to adapt the same to the courses of \nagricultural and mechanical education. \n\nLAND COMMISSIONER. \n\nJ. W. Sutherland was elected Land Commissioner, and resigned his \nplace as member of the Board. \n\nThe following resolution was adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That with a view to the entire and complete reorganization of the University^ \nand its proper connection and adjustment with the Agricultural Department, the seats of all \ninstructors and professors, other than the President, are held and declared vacant from and. \nafter the close of the session of the University in June, 1871. \n\nPORTRAIT OF PRESIDENT READ. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Russell, a committee of three (consisting of \nMessrs. Northcott, Wyman and Todd) was appointed to arrange with \nMr. A. J. Conant, the St. Louis artist, for the painting of a portrait \nof President Read, the same to be suspended in a suitable place in the \nchapel of the University. \n\n\n\n\nAGRICULTURAL TARM MANSION, MISSOURI UNIVERSITY. \n\n\n\n\nENGLISH AND ART SCHOOL, MISSOURI UNIVERSITY. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 307 \n\nPORTRAITS OF THE FKIENDS OF THE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. \n\nA communication from James S. Eollins and F. T. Russell was read\' \nto the Board, tendering, on behalf of the citizens of Columbia, pho- \ntographic portraits of those members of the Senate and House of Rep- \nresentatives of the General Assembly of the State of Missouri who \nvoted for the bill providing for the organization of the Agricultural \nand Mechanical College and its connection with the University of the \nState established here ; and also a photographic likeness of His Ex- \ncellency, Gov. McClurg, who approved the bill, and of Lieut. Gov. \nStanard, and a few other gentlemen, who aided in the passage of the \nbill. \n\nThese portraits are properly framed, were accepted by the Board, \nand now grace the walls of the library. \n\nMeeting Se\'ptemher 2, 1870. \xe2\x80\x94 The thanks of the Board were voted \nto Hon. M. E. Fuller, of Madison, Wisconsin, for Ward\'s celebrated \nreaper and mower, and to Messrs. Stewart & Needham, of St. Louis, \nfor the Climax reaper and mower, both of which were generously \ndonated by those liberal-hearted gentlemen to the Agricultural De- \npartment of the University. \n\nProf. E. A. Haight\'s resignation as Assistant Professor in the Nor- \nmal Department, to take effect August 5th, was accepted, he having \nbeen elected to superintend a school in Alton, Illinois. \n\nThe offices of business agent for the University, and of farm su- \nperintendent, were created, the selection of officers to fill them being \nleft to the Executive Committee. Dr. Paul Hubbard was elected \nbusiness manager, and O. A. A. Gardner, farm superintendent. On \nmotion of Mr. Conant, the Board resolved to build a Scientific Hall, \nat a cost not to exceed $20,000, the details of the work \xe2\x80\x94 plan- \nning, locating, contracting, etc. \xe2\x80\x94 to be left to the Executive Com- \nmittee. \n\nThe Chair of Agriculture was established, and Prof. George C. \nSwallow, of Columbia, was elected to fill it. \n\nA farm committee, consisting of Hon. H. T. Mudd, Hon. J. S. \nRollins, and Dr. P. Hubbard, was appointed to take charge of every- \nthing pertaining to the Agricultural Farm. \n\nMeeting December 20, 1870. \xe2\x80\x94 President Read, from the committee \napjDointed by the Board of Curators on the reorganization of the \nUniversity, and the adaptation and harmonizing of its various courses \nof studies, so as to meet the requirements of the act of Congress, \n\n\n\n^308 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJuly 2, 1862, submitted an elaborate and able report, embracing in its \ntopics a complete university system of education. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Rollins, it was resolved that a committee of \nseven, of which the President of the University shall be chairman, be \nappointed to memorialize the General Assembly of this State to grant \nan appropriation of $100,000 with which to erect a Woman\'s College \nHome, in connection with the University of the State of Missouri. \n\nThe following gentlemen composed the committee : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nPresident Eead, Chairman ; Judge Bliss, of Buchanan County; Judge Perry, of Phelps \nCounty; Col. McLane, of Henry County; Mr. Moore, of Franklin County; Col. Northcott, \nof Linn County ; Henry T. Mudd, of St. Louis. \n\nOren Root, Jr., Professor of English Language and Literature and \nInstructor in French and German, resigned to enter upon his new duties \nat Carrollton, Mo., as principal of the public school. \n\nLOCATION OF THE SCHOOL OF MINES. \n\nMr. Conant, from the committee appointed to locate the School of \nMines, reported that the only two counties making bids for the insti- \ntution were Iron and Phelps, the former of which offered county bonds \nand lands valued at $113,500 ; the latter, county bonds and lands val- \nued at $130,545, of which sum there were $75,000 ten per cent bonds, \nand that they had unanimously agreed to locate the School of Mines \nand Metallurgy at Rolla, in the county of Phelps. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Matthias, of Greene, the following committee was \nappointed to receive plans and specifications of the building for the \nSchool of Mines, and to contract for the erecting of the same, namely : \nElijah Perry, B. Smith, Dr. Daniel Read, Prof. Geo. C. Swallow, and \nand the Professor of Mining, hereafter to be appointed. \n\nMeeting April 26 , 1871. \xe2\x80\x94 Jas. Harris, of Boone, and Milton Santee, \nof Phelps, were appointed additional appraisers of Agricultural Col- \nlege lands. \n\nThe Executive Committee submitted the plans prepared by Walsh, \nSmith & Jungenfeld, architects, St. Louis, for a scientific building to \nbe erected and used in connection with the University. The plans \nwere adopted, the selection of arcliitects approved, and the Executive \nCommittee was authorized to invite proposals to put up the building \non the location selected by the Executive Committee., which is a little \nnorthwest of the University edifice. \n\nThe Board very properly acknowledged the valuable services of Mr. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 309 \n\nConaiit in devising, and Dr. Paul Hubbard, business manager, in ex- \necuting the plan of the elegant library hall in the University. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Wyman, it was resolved that on account of the \namount of service required by the Board of the resident Curators, \nthe educational facilities of the University were extended to their fam- \niles, without charge. \n\nA warrant was authorized to be issued in favor of A. J. Conant for \n$248.25, for a portrait of President Read, and for the frame and trans- \nportation. \n\nLAYING THE CORNER-STONE OF THE SCIENTIFIC BUILDING OR AGRICUL- \nTURAL COLLEGE. \n\nThe corner-stone of the Scientific Building was laid, with imposing \nceremonies, on Wednesday,- June 28, 1871, an account of which we \ncopy from the Statesman of June 30. Hon. Bayliss W. Hanna, Terre \nHaute, Indiana, addressed the Athenean and Union Literary Societies \non Tuesday night, and commencement exercises occurred on Wednes- \nday forenoon, after which, the Statesman says : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n"An adjournment was had to the College green where a basket din- \nner was served. The crowd was immense. We have never seen any- \nthing to compare with it in the University Campus. Indeed it was \nunexpectedly large, and the basket dinner proved insufficient for the \ndrafts upon it. To tell the truth, the gastronomic portion of the \nprogramme was to a large extent a failure, and not as creditable to \nColumbia as it ought to have been; and this from two causes \xe2\x80\x94 in- \nsufficiency, and an utter lack of a directing and a governing head. \nWe hope neither will occur again. \n\n"MASONIC PROCESSION. \n\n"After dinner the Masonic Fraternity, headed by Columbia Silver \nCornet Band, and under the direction of Col. John F. Williams, of \nMacon, Chief Marshal, on horseback, the Knights Templar in front, \nmarched in procession from the court house to the University. Many \nMasons from neighboring lodges were in attendance, thus contributing \nto make this the largest Masonic procession we ever saw in Col- \numbia. \n\n"The Knights were commanded by Sir Knight James A. Henderson, \nEminent Commander, and Sir Knight F. B. Young, Generalissimo, \nacting as Captain General. \n\n\n\n310 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n"The long line which deployed from the point of departure on Wal- \nnut Street, the gorgeous regalia of the Knights and members of the \nChapter and Royal Arch, and the brilliant banners which glittered in \nthe sunlight, added to the inspiring music of the band, and the \ngreat crowds which thronged the sidewalks, made up a magnificent \npageant. \n\n"LAYING THE CORNER STONE. \n\n"Arriving at the site of the new Scientific Building, the grand and \nimpressive ceremony of laying the corner stone was entered upon in \nthe presence of an auditory numbering from three to five thousand. \nThe Knights Templar served as vanguard and as escort for Governor \nB, Gratz Brown and the officers of the Grand Lodge of Missouri. \nSurrounding; the northeast corner of the building, M. W. Thomas E. \nGarrett, of St. Louis, called to order and said that before entering \nupon any great work, it was our duty to invoke the aid and approval \nof the Deity, whereupon Rev. E. S. Dulin, G. C, and President of \nStephens College, offered a prayer. Following this, under the direc- \ntion of M. W. Thos. E. Garrett, assisted by R. W. D. G. M. John \nD. Vincil, R. W. S. G. W. Oren Root, Jr., of Carrollton, R. W. J. \nG. W. John R. Walker of Bates, and James A. Adams, principal archi- \ntect, the solemn and impressive ceremonies of laying the corner stone \nwere entered upon and completed. Mr. John Campbell, superinten- \ndent of the work on the foundation, plied the mortar and assisted \nthe principal architect in adjusting the corner stone to its place. \nDr. Paul Hubbard, one of the Curators of the University, de- \nposited the copper box, hermetically sealed, in the place provided \nfor it. \n\n"The contents of the box were as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" TJNITEKSITY KECORDS. \n\n" Eeport of the Committee on the Reorganization and Enlargement of the State University, \npresented to the Board of Curators, at their meeting December 20, 1870; catalogue of the \nState University for 1870-71 ; programme of annual commencement, 1871 ; copy of pro- \ngramme Fifth Case prize declamation ; copy of programme Stephens Prize Medal ; report \nof Curators to the Twenty-Fifth General Assembly\', 1869. \n\n\'\xe2\x80\xa2 ST. LOUIS PAPERS AND PERIODICALS. \n\n" Daily Republican, June 27, 1871 ; Daily Democrat, ditto ; Daily Times, ditto ; Daily \n5im, ditto; Daily West liche Post, ditto; Daily Anzeiger des Westens, ditto; BaWy Dispatch, \nJune 26 ; Journal of Education for June ; Western Educational Review for June ; People\'s \nJournal for June; Ladies\' Ma.gazine for June; Home Journal for June 24th; Colman\'s \nRural IForW for June 24; Medical and Surgical Journal for March; Illustrated Journal \nof Agriculture; Western Celt; Western Watchman, June 24 ; Christian Advocate, June \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 311 \n\n24; Central Baptist, S\\ine 22: Old School Presbyterian, June 23; Central Ch7\'istian Advo- \ncate; Index; Post Office Bulletin for May ; The Future Great City of the World, by R. U. \nEeavis ; St. Louis Blattes, June 25. \n\n" BOONB COUNTY PAPERS. \n\n"Missouri Statesman, June 23; Columbia Herald, June 22; Sturgeon Leader, June 24; \nHocheport Enterprise, June 23 ; Centralia Guard, June 24 ; University Missourian for June. \n\n" MISCELLANEOUS. \n\n"National Flag, contributed by Lewis M. Switzler; copy of check of Boone County Na- \ntional Bank of Columbia; two 25 and two 10 cents U. S. currency and two nickels contrib- \nuted by R. B. Price ; copy of check of Exchange National Bank of Columbia ; $1 note of \nits circulation ; 50 cents U. S. currency ; 25-cent gold piece ; 25 cents in silver, contributed \nby J. H. Waugh ; 1 bottle Cohosh and tar, 1 box 888 pills, 1 bottle stimulating cream and 1 \nbox tasteless worm powders, contributed by J. S. Dorsey ; names of the Building Commit- \ntee and of the builders and architect. \n\n" The corner stone being in its place, the proper ofE.cers of the Grand \nLodge respectively applied the square, level and plumb, and reported \nthe workmen had done their duty w^ell. Then followed the cere- \nmony, which we sincerely wish the vast concourse could have heard \nand witnessed, of applying the elements of consecration ; the corn \nas an emblem of plenty, the wine as an emblem of joy and gladness, \nthe oil as an emblem of peace. \n\n"After the grand honors of the order and a short and most befitting \naddress by Most Worshipful Garrett, an adjournment was had to the \nportico of the University to hear the \n\n" SPEECH OF GOV. BROWN. \n\n"This was preceded by a brief historical reference by President Read, \nto the occasion of laying the corner stone of the University, July 4, \n1840, and to the address made by Gen. James L. Minor, then and \nnow an honored citizen of Jefferson City. \n\n" Gov. Brown\'s speech was short. He briefly reviewed the growth \nand progress of the University, his consistent and unfaltering friend- \nship for it, and the high hopes he entertained of its rapid develop- \nment and great destiny. He maintained that all the interests and \nagencies of humanity had "new departures," and that education it- \nself formed no exception to the rule. Progress was the watchword \nof the world, and the world was becoming more practical. So was \neducation. Hitherto science had not kept pace with the practical \neconomy of the times and the wants of practical men. It had at- \ntempted too much to theorize and theologize for the world. It is \nnow happily having a new departure in the recognition of the true \n\n\n\n312 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nphilosophy of life and of its own mission. The Governor commented \nupon the great responsibility resting upon the people of Boone county \ngrowing out of the location in their midst of the State institutions of \nlearning and two great female colleges. Here, he said, you in large \nmeasure train the men and matrons of the State, the bloom of after- \ntime, and great is your responsibility. After testifying his confidence \nthat our people would bravely meet and fully discharge this responsi- \nbility, he concluded amid the applause of the great concourse." \n\nThe contract for the erection of the scientific building was made \nwith McAlister, Adams & Co., of Columbia, at $45,507.25, and they \ncompleted the building in 1872. \n\nMeeting June 27, 2871. \xe2\x80\x94John H. Overall was employed to col- \nlect a claim against the S\xc2\xa3ate for one and three-fourths per cent of \nseventy-five per cent of the revenue heretofore returned as delinquent, \nbut afterwards collected. \n\nProfessors Norwood, Packer, Ficklin, Swallow and Ripley were re- \nelected into the respective positions now held by them, at a salary of \n$2,000 per annum. Prof. Kurtz was elected Assistant Professor of \nthe Preparatory Department; Mrs. Ripley Assistant Professor in the \nNormal School, and Miss Mary Read Principal of the Model School. \nThe Executive Committee, consisting of the resident members of the \nBoard, was authorized to fill the chair of English Literature. \n\nJohn H. Overall was elected Professor of the Law Department of \nthe University at a salary of $2,000, and arrangements were made to \nsecure distinguished legal gentlemen to deliver lectures in this depart- \nment. \n\nAGRICULTURAL COLLEGE LANDS. \n\nMeeting December 12, 1871. \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Essex, from the Committee on \nAgricultural Lands, made a report in writing in regard to their condi- \ntion, value, etc. These lands are located chiefly in the counties of \nNewton, Crawford, Texas, Cedar, Phelps, Ripley and Butler, many \nof them very valuable for their pine timber and for their iron and \nlead deposits. Many of the tracts were marked on the plats as " re- \nserved " from sale or lease on account of their mineral indications^ \nespecially a tract in Phelps known as the " Lenox " tract. The finest \nspring in Southwest Missouri is on one tract in Newton, near the vil- \nlage of Richville. \n\nA resolution was passed requesting C. P. Williams, Director of the \nSchool of Mines, and Mr. Pumpelly, State Geologist, to examine the \nlands presumed to be more than ordinarily valuable because of their \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 31S \n\nmineral deposits and report to the Committee on Lands. Also, that \nnone of these lands shall be sold or leased unless so ordered by the \nBoard of Curators. \n\nPORTRAIT OF DR. A. W. ROLLINS. \n\nThe secretary read the following communication from Hon. J. S. \n\nRollins : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nUniversity Edifice, December 14, 1871. \n\nTo the Hon. Elijah Perry, Vice-President of the Board of Curators of the State University. \n\nDear Sir : I ask, through you, the privilege of presenting to the Curators of the Univer- \nsity, an oil portrait of my venerable father, the late Dr. Anthony Wayne Rollins, to be per- \nmanently placed in the University building. \n\nHe was a Curator of the institution from 1810 to 1842 \xe2\x80\x94 was one of its earliest benefactors, \nalways its zealous and faithful friend, as well as the friend of common school education. \n\nFeeling himself all the inconveniences in early life, resulting from poverty, he made some \nprovision in aid of the education of youth similarly situated, who might desire to obtain a \ncollege education. \n\nThis portrait is a most faithful and accurate likeness of my father. It was painted by \nGeorge C. Bingham, Esq., the distinguished "Missouri artist," and who for many years was \nhis warm personal friend. \n\nTrusting that the gentlemen of the Board will regard this as not an inappropriate contri- \nbution to the University as a work of art, no less than evincing a laudable desire on my part \nto keep fresh in the memory of the living the services in the cause of education and the \npersonal virtues of the "faithful dead," \n\nI remain, with very high regard, your obedient servant, \n\nJames S. Rollins. \n\nWhereupon, Mr. Svvitzler offered the following resolutions, which \nwere unanimously adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That the portrait this day presented to the University by the Hon. James S. \nRollins, President of the Board, of his father, Anthony Wayne Rollins, deceased, who was \nformerly a member of this Board, and during his life the steady friend and patron of the \ninstitution, is accepted, and that the thanks of the Board are hereby tendered to the donor \nfor this appropriate and handsome gift. \n\nResolved, That the letter of Major Rollins accompanying this donation, be placed by the \nsecretary on his records, and that the portrait, for the present, be suspended in some suitable \nplace in the Library Hall. \n\nThe introduction of these resolutions was followed by remarks touch- \ning the life and character of Dr. Rollins, by Messrs. Switzler and \nConant, Mr. Conant concluding by offering the following resolution, \nwhich was adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That Mr. Switzler be requested to prepare for publication a sketch of the life \nof Dr. A. W. Rollins, and that it be placed on the records of the Board. \n\nWhich was done. \n\nMeeting May 8, 1872. \xe2\x80\x94 John W. Harris, of Boone, offered a gold \n\n\n\n314 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmedal worth $50 to any member of the senior chiss who would pre- \nsent the best essay on the best breeds of cows for dairy purposes. \nThis premium to be perpetual and awarded every year, to be called \n" The Harris Gold Medal." Liberal premiums were also offered by \nProf. Swallow and Mr. Geo. F. Barr, of Quincy, 111., to students in \nthe agricultural department. \n\nThe Executive Committee of the School of Mines, at Eolla, were \nauthorized to lease in the public school building the necessary rooms \nfor said school. \n\nMaj. J. W. McMurray, professor of military tactics, recommended \na uniform for the cadets, which was adopted. \n\nOn nomination of Maj. Rollins, Mr. Boyle Gordon, of this place, \nwas unanimously elected (in addition to Mr. Jno. H. Overall) a law \nprofessor in the University. \n\nOn Wednesday night. May 8, 1872, in the chapel of the State \nUniversity, and before a large and brilliant audience and the Board of \nCurators, an exhibition of the junior class took place. During the \nretirement of the committee to consider of the award of prizes, the \nlarge auditory were relieved and much interested in a proceeding not \non the programme, namely, the public presentation to Hon. James S. \nEollins of the thanks of the faculty and students of the University for \nhis great services to that institution. President Read, on behalf of \nthe faculty and Henry W. Ewing, on behalf of the students, each in \nvery appropriate remarks, read the resolutions which had been passed, \nafter which Maj. Rollins was called for and responded to the high \ncompliments paid him, in most felicitous and appropriate terms, his \naddress frequently eliciting the rapturous plaudits of the large auditory. \n\nOn the next day. May 9, 1872, the Board of Curators being in \nsession. Prof. Edward Wyman, of St. Louis, offered a resolution and \npreamble, in which he lauded the labors of Maj. Rollins for what he \nhad done on behalf of the University, and applied to him the soubri- \nquet of " Pater Universitatis Missouriensis \' \' \xe2\x80\x94 a most deserving \nappellation, the honors of which all are ready to accord him. \n\nProf. Wyman accompanied the presentation of this testimonial by \na few- remarks, in which he embodied a brief recital of the great and \nlong-continued services of Maj. Rollins in behalf of the common \nschools of the State and of the University. \n\nResuming his seat, the preamble and resolutions were seconded by \nRev. John D. Vincil and Col. W. F. Switzler, the latter of whom \nbriefly addressed the Board in review of the self-sacrificing and un- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 315 \n\nflagging labors of Maj. Rollins, embracing a period of more than \nthirty years, to aid in achieving for the State a high destiny. \n\nThe resolutions passed unanimously. \n\nMeeting June 25, 1872. \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. John H. Overall, owing to ill health \nand a contemplated tour to the mountains, tendered his resignation of \nLaw Professor, which was accepted. Boyle Gordon also resigned. \n\nMr. Charles Daschel, of Jefferson City, presented to the University \na miniature steam engine, manufactured by himself, and a very neat \nand perfect machine, in good working order, on the condition that a \nten-dollar prize be annually offered for excellence in physics, which \nwas accepted, and the thanks of the Board was tendered the donor \nand the prize denominated the " Daschel Prize." \n\nProf. Kurtz, having accepted the principalship of the Montgomery \nCity High School, tendered his resignation of assistant in the College \nof Normal Instruction. \n\nThe Board went into executive session, for the purpose of electing \nteachers and professors, to hold their offices for one year, dating from \nJuly 1, 1872, and until otherwise ordered by the Board. The election \nwas conducted by ballot. \n\nThe following were unanimously elected on the first ballot: Jos. Gr. \nNorwood, M. D., Professor of Natural Science and Natural Philoso- \nphy ; Jos. Ficklin, A. M., Professor of Mathematics, Mechanical \nPhilosophy and Astronomy; G. C. Swallow, A. M., M. D., Professor \nof Agriculture, Geology and Botany ; E. L. Ripley, Principal of the \n\xe2\x96\xa0College of Normal Instruction ; Mrs. C. A. Ripley, Assistant in \nDepartment of Normal and Preparatory Instruction ; J. W. Abert, \nProfessor of Applied Mathematics and Civil Engineering in School of \nMines and Metallurgy at Rolla. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Matthias it was resolved : That the chair of \nAncient Lano^uao;es and Literature be divided as follovvs : 1st. Pro- \nfessor of Greek Lauo-uao;e and Literature; 2d. Professor of Latin \nLanguage and Literature ; and that the said professors shall have full \ncontrol of, and be responsible for, the instruction in the respective lan- \nguages in all departments of the University. The salaries of said \nProfessors was fixed at $2,000 per year, each. The salary of Mrs. \nC. A. Ripley was fixed at $1,250 per annum. \n\nThe Board adjourned, to meet at Rolla on the Fourth Tuesday in \nAugust. \n\nA full length portrait of the late Edward Bates, of St. Louis, was \npresented to the board by James B. Eads and Charles Gibson. \n\n\n\n316 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMeeting of the Board at RoUa, August 27, 1872. \xe2\x80\x94 The foUovving^ \nprofessors were chosen to the vacant professorships in the University : \nPaul Schweitzer, Ph. D., of Columbia College School of Mines, N. \nY., to the chair of Analytical and Applied Chemistry. \n\nEdward H. Twining, late of the University of Minnesota, to the \nchair of Latin. \n\neJames K. Hosmer, a Harvard graduate, now a professor in Antioch \nCollege, Ohio, a well-known writer and accomplished litterateur, to \nthe chair of English Literature and Rhetoric. \n\nJohn M. Leonard, Ph. D., of Carlisle, Pa., an experienced \nteacher, who has just returned from a residence of seven years in Con- \ntinental universities, to the chair of Greek. \n\nThe Board also elected Judge Philemon Bliss, of St. Joseph, of the \nSupreme Court, and the Hon. Boyle Gordon, of Columbia, as pro- \nfessors in the Law Deparment, which is to open on the first Monday of \nOctober, Judge Bliss to act as Dean of the Law Faculty. \n\nMeeting December 10, 1872. \xe2\x80\x94 Messrs. Vincil, Hubbard and Todd \nmade a report in regard to the proposed Medical Deparment, in which \nthey embodied the valuable suggestion and liberal proposition of Drs. \nA. W. McAlester and T. Allen Arnold, and strongly recommending \nthe inauguration of that department at the opening of the next \nsemester, which was agreed to, with a full corps of instructors, as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nProfessor of Anatomy and Surgery and Materia Medica, A. W. McAlester, M. D. \n\nProfessor of Obstetrics, Diseases of "Women and Children, and Pratice, Thomas Allen \nArnold, M. D. \n\nProfessor of Chemistry, Medical Jurisprudence and lastitutes of Medicine, J. G. Nor- \nwood, M. D. \n\nProfessor of Botany, Comparative Anatomy and Comparative Physiology, George C. \nSwallow, M. D. \n\nProfessor of Pharmacy and Toxicology, Paul Schweitzer, M. D. \n\nThe Executive Committee were authorized to expend a sum net ex- \nceeding $5,000, in the erection of club houses, and Switzler and \nHubbard were appointed a committee to carry out the order. Under \nthis order the two frame club houses were erected on the street lead- \ning to the Fair Grounds. \n\nMeeting June 24, 1873. \xe2\x80\x94 An account for $400, in favor of Gen, O. \nGuitar, was presented, for legal services in the case of ex-President \nMinor, who had brought suit against the University for arrears of \nsalary. \n\nThe sura of $1,000 Avas appropriated to the Medical Department^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 317 \n\nto be expended under the direction of Dr. A. W. McAlester, who was \nthen in Europe. \n\nScott Hayes was elected Assistant Professor in the Agricultural \nCollege. \n\nThe chair of M9dern Languages was established, and Miss Mary \nB. Bead, who was then in Europe, was elected teacher of Modern \nLanguages, at a salary of $1,200 per year, to commence when she en- \nters upon the duties of the position. \n\nE. B. Price was elected Treasurer of the Board. Vote: E. B. \nPrice, 10 ;\'\'j; H. Waugh, 9. \n\nTHE J. S. ROLLINS PORTRAIT. \n\nA communication was presented from E. B. Price, J. T. McBaine, \nJ. AV. Harris, John Machir, W. F. Switzler, James L. Stephens, \nJames Harris, J. K. Eogers Joel H. Hayden, David Guitar and J. Th. \nFyfer, committee, tendering the Board a life-sized portrait of Hon- \nJ. S. EoUins, by Geo. C. Bingham, to be placed in some proper \nplace in the building. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Conant, of St. Louis, the communication was \nreferred to a special committee, who was charged with the duty of \npreparing suitable resolutions. Committee : A. J. Conant, of St. \nLouis, J. F. Weilandy, of Jefferson City, and J. W. Barrett, of \nCanton . \n\nAt two o\'clock a large number of citizens and strangers, among \nthem many ladies, met the Board in the Library Hall, where the \nformal presentation took place. \n\nThe Board being called to order by the "vice-president, Judge Perry, \nthe communication of the citizens\' committee and the resolutions of \nthe Board were read by Mr. Todd, the secretary. The St. Louis \nZ)emoc?\'a^\'s report says : " Col. Switzler then made formal presentation \nof the elegant portrait of Major EoUins, and in an eloquent and feel- \ning manner referred to the faithful, earnest and efficient services of \nMajor EoUins for thirty-five years past in the cause of the University \nand of popular education. This necessarily caused reference to the \nhistory of the University, the struggles and trials attending its loca- \ntion, erection and organization, and the sacrifices, labors and contri- \nbutions of those who aided in founding this institution. \n\n" In responding on behalf of the Board, Mr. Conant referred to the \ndistinguished services of Maj. Eollins, to the extended influence which \nhis labors would have on the thousands who go from this institution \n\n\n\n318 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ninto the various walks of life throughout our land ; who, in the intel- \nligent discharge of the duties of citizenship, should through all time \ncontinue the movements of the wisdom in design and the success at- \ntending the ejfforts of Major Rollins and his co-laborers, in their efforts \nto promote the cause of general education. \n\n" Major Rollins, being called, responded eloquently, acknowledging \na very high sense of the honor confeired on him in the kind partiality \nof those friends who had inaugurated this presentation, and the ftivor- \nable mention made of his efforts in the cause of education, on this \noccasion. In a somewhat extended address, he referred to the educa- \ntional institutions of tlie land \xe2\x80\x94 public, private, and denominational \xe2\x80\x94 \nand in most eloquent terms pleaded that closer union, warm sympa- \nthy, and friendly co-operation should exist between them, and that all \n\'should have the generous support and aid of the State and of the peo- \nple everywhere." \n\nThese proceedings and the addresses delivered were afterwards \npublished in pamphlet form. \n\nA ROLL OF HONOR. \n\nOn motion of Col. Switzler, it was resolved that the Secretary of \nthe Board be instructed to prepare and record in alphabetical order, in \nan appendix to the journal of the Board, the names of the citizens of \nBoone County who, in 1839, subscribed sums of money and other \nproperty to secure the location of the State University at Columbia, \ntogether with the amounts thus subscribed. \n\nMeeting December 9, 1873: \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Rollins reported from the Ex- \necutive Committee that the claims of O. Guitar and B. and W. Gor- \ndon, for legal services, had been adjusted and paid. \n\nThe subject of the election of a successor to President Read, whose \nterm of office expired June 30, 1874, was postponed till the next ses- \nsion, which was held at Rolla on Tuesday, March 31, 1874. \n\nMeeting at Rolla, March 31, 1874. \xe2\x80\x94 President Read was re-elected \nPresident of the University for one year from the 30th of June, \n1874 \xe2\x80\x94 15 to 5, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nYeas \xe2\x80\x94 J. W. Barrett, J. C. Cravens, A. J. Conant, W. T, Essex, John W. Harris, P. \nHubbard, W. T. Lenoir, Josh LaDue, Henry T. Mudd, Elijah Perry, Henry Smith, W. F. \nSwitzler, Edward Wyman, Samuel G. Williams, J.W.Wielandy \xe2\x80\x94 15 \n\nNays \xe2\x80\x94 A.\xc2\xabM. Dockery, H. Clay Ewing, C. P. Jones, E. W. Stephens, Squire Turner. \xe2\x80\x94 5 . \n\nA committee was appointed, consisting of Wyman, Rollins and \nJones, to open correspondence with the view of securing a proper \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. S19 \n\nperson to succeed Dr. Read, after the termination of his office on \nJune 30, 1875. \n\nMeeting June 23, 1874. \xe2\x80\x94 Prof. J. K. Hosmer tendered his resigna- \ntion of the chair of English and history, whereupon S. S. Hamill, \nthen professor of elocution and Englisli literature in the State Normal \nSchool, at Kirksville, was elected his successor. \n\nThe Hudson Mansion was set apart as a Woman\'s College Home and \nthe Executive Committee instructed to make the needed repairs and \nrent the property to such party as will carry out the purpose. \n\nMeeting December 8, 1874. \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. LaDue presented the testimonials \nof Rev. W. M. Leftwich, D. D., of St. Louis, a candidate for the \nPresidency of the University, which were referred to the special com- \nmittee \xe2\x80\x94 Wyman, Rollins and Jones. Mr. Switzler, from the special \ncommittee on repairs of the Hudson Mansion and the preparation and \nfurnishing the ladies\' parlor of the University, made a report as to \nwhat had been done and the cost of the same. \n\nPHELPS COUNTY BONDS ILLEGAL. \n\nThe status of the School of Mines, under the decision of the Supreme \nCourt, deciding the $75,000 of Phelps County bonds to be illegal and \nvoid, was largely discussed and a variet}\'^ of opinions given as to the \nbest means of advancing the prosperity of that department of the \nUniversity. The prevailing opinion of the lawyers on the Board \nseemed to be that the adverse decision of the Supreme Court did not \nunsettle the location of the school at Rolla, some of them maintaining \nthat its location at that place had received repeated Legislative recog- \nnition, and that the Board of Curators or the State had recourse \nagainst the County of Phelps for the $75,000 which the countv had \npromised to pay, but which it never has paid. \n\nMr. Ewing offered a resolution instructing the committee appointed \nat the last meeting of the Board to confer with the public school \nauthorities at Rolla, and if it can be done on acceptable terms, to pur- \nchase the school building for the School of Mines ; that the treasurer \ndeliver to said committee such number of the State bonds under the \nact of March 29, 1872, as may be necessary to make the first pay- \nment. Resolution passed. \n\nRE-ELECTION OF PRESIDENT READ. \n\nMr. Rollins, from the committee appointed at the Rolla session to \n\n\n\n320 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nseek and ascertain by correspondence and otherwise, a suitable per- \nson to fill the office of President, to succeed the present incumbent in \nJune, 1875, reported that they had, with this view, attended last \nAugust, at Detroit, a session of the National Association for the pro- \nmotion of science and held extensive correspondence with the educa- \ntors of the country, but had been unable to find a person more suitable \nfor the position than Dr, Eead ; therefore, they recommended his re- \nelection from July 1, 1875, to July 4, 1876. \n\nMr, Smith moved that the President\'s salary, after July, 1875, be \nfixed at $3,000 per annum, with the use of the President\'s Mansion \nand grounds thereto belonging free of charge. Mr. Conant moved to \namend by making the salary $3,600, which was seconded by Mr. Cole- \nman. Mr. LaDue moved to amend the amendment by making it \n$4,000, which was lost. Mr. Conant\'s amendment was passed. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Wielandy the Board proceeded to elect, by bal- \nlot, a President for one year, ending July 4, 1876. Mr. Switzler \nnominated Dr. Daniel Eead and Mr. Turner the Rev. W. M. Left- \nwich, D. D., of St. Louis, Ballot \xe2\x80\x94 Read, 12; Leftwich, 7. On \nmotion of Mr. Conant, the election was declared unanimous. \n\nWhile this election was pending on Wednesday night \xe2\x80\x94 the Board \nat the time holding its session in Library Hall \xe2\x80\x94 a shower of stones \nwas precipitated with a crash through one of the windows near which \nthe members of the Board were seated. Therefore Mr. Switzler intro- \nduced a resolution requesting the trustees and marshal of Columbia \nand the Faculty of the University to take such steps as they may deem \nbest to discover, arrest, and bring to trial and punishment the perpe- \ntrators of the outrage. Passed. \n\nMeeting April 13, 1875. \xe2\x80\x94 The Board proceeded to- divide them- \nselves into three classes, as required by act March 23, 1875, with the \nfollowing result : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTo go out of office April 1, 1877 \xe2\x80\x94 Cravens, Hutton, Headlee, and \nLakenan. \n\nTo so out April 1, 1879 \xe2\x80\x94 Colman, Ewing, Flood, and Glenn. \n\nTo o-o out April 1, 1881 \xe2\x80\x94 Clarkson, Collier, Hinton, LaDue and \nRollins. \n\nMr. Rollins was re-elected President, Mr. Todd, Secretary, and \nMr. Price, Treasurer of the Board. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Hinton, a committee was appointed to memorial- \nize the Constitutional Convention, which was to meet in Jefferson City \nMay 5, with the view of securing such provisions in the amended Con- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 32t \n\nstitution as will place the institution on a more permanent basis, and \nrequire for it suitable support ; that this committee ajjpear in person \nbefore the proper committee of the convention, in aid of the interests \nof the University as a part of the educational policy of the State. \nCommittee: Colman, LaDue and Rollins. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Colman, a committee of three were appointed \xe2\x80\x94 \nthe President of the Board, Mr. Rollins, to be one of them \xe2\x80\x94 to cor- \nrespond with the view of securing a President for the University to \nsucceed Dr. Read. Committee : Rollins, Colman, and Lakenan. \n\nMr. Glenn offered a resolution ratifying the purchase, at $35,000, \nof the Rolla school building, which had been made by a committee un- \nder the authority of the Board. \n\nDr. W. T. Maupin\'s proposition to rent the Hudson mansion for \nfive years, for a female infirmary, and the lands attached, was de- \nclined. \n\nMr. LaDue, from the committee on the purchase of the Rolla school \nbuilding, introduced the following resolution : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That the Executive Committee of the Eolla School of Mines be, and it is hereby \nauthorized to make the first payment of $6,000, by delivering five hundred of the Missouri \nsix per cent bonds now in the hands of A. Dumuth, Treasurer, on the purchase of the pub- \nlic school building at KoUa; and the President of the Board be, and is hereby authorized to \nmake, execute, and deliver the necessary notes and trust-deeds on said buildings, and lands \nconnected therewith, to the Board of Education of the city of Rolla, to secure the remaining \npayments for said building. \n\nAfter considerable discussion, the resolution was adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAyes \xe2\x80\x94 Colman, Clarkson, Collier, G-lenn, Headlee, Hinton, Lakenan and LaDue \xe2\x80\x94 8. \nNays \xe2\x80\x94 Flood, Hutton, and Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 3. \n\nMeeting June 22,1875. \xe2\x80\x94 A Professorship of Geology was estab- \nlished in the School of Mines. \n\nPORTRAIT OF PROF. G. H. MATTHEWS. \n\nMr. Rogers, on behalf of alumni of the University, presented the \nBoard with an oil portrait of the late Prof. George H. Matthews, by \nMiss Forbes, a member of the faculty of Christian College, which \nwas accepted in appropriate remarks by Mr. Rollins, the President. \n\nMeeting October 27, 1875. \xe2\x80\x94 The resignation of Miss Mary B. Read^ \nteacher of German and French, was tendered, to take effect on De- \ncember 14 next. Prof. B. S. Newland^of Paris, Mo., was chosen ta \nfill out the remainder of the collegiate year. \n21 \n\n\n\n322 HISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nELECTION OF S. S. LAWS AS PRESIDENT. \n\nThe names of quite a number of eminent educators and scholars were \nbefore the board, who, after mature deliberation, unanimously concurred \nin electiug, for four years from July 4, 1876, Dr. S. S. Laws, of New \nYork City, and for many years before the war President of Westmin- \nister College, at Fulton, Missouri. \n\nThe executive committee were instructed to adopt the necessary \nmeasures to have the University, Agricultural College and School of \nMines properly presented at the Centennial. Some important steps \nhad alread}^ been taken in this direction. Prof. Ripley, who seemed \nalive to the importance of the work, had already nearly completed a \nlarge and most beautiful pictorial painting in oil of the University \nbuildings and grounds, presented in five ovals on a canvas some six \nbv twelve feet in size \xe2\x80\x94 one oval, the central, representing the main \nedifice and campus, and scientific building; one the Normal School \nbuildino" ; President\'s house; one the Hudson Mansion, and one the \nnew club houses. This is a beautiful work of art, in a neat gilt \nframe. \n\nINAUGURATION OF PRESIDENT LAWS. \n\nMeeting June 30, 1876. \xe2\x80\x94 Samuel S. Hamill, A. M., Professor of \nEnoiish History and Elocution, tendered his resignation, which was \naccepted, and resolutions passed bearing testimony to his ability and \nfidelity. \n\nA letter was received from Dr. Laws, which was spread upon the \njournal, accepting the Presidency upon certain reservations and con- \nditions, to which the Board assented. \n\nThe Statesman of July 7, 1876, gave a full account of the inaugu- \nration of President Laws, and did space allow, the article would be \nquoted entire. The inauguration took place on Wednesday, July 5, \n1876, and notwithstanding the inclement weather, the University \nchapel was filled by a large and brilliant audience. \n\nDr. Daniel Read, the retiring President, spoke appropriately for \nabout fifty minutes, after the opening religious exercises, and was \nfollowed in a short address by Prof. Ficklin, on the part of the faculty, \nexpressing a kind farewell to the retiring and a warm welcome to the \nincoming President. Mr. R. L. Todd, on part of the alumni, fol- \nlowed in a twenty-five minutes\' address, paying a merited tribute to \nDr. Lathrop, and reciting a summary of Dr. Read\'s administration. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 323 \n\nSpeeches were made by a number of other gentlemen, includmg Gov. \nHardin, Norman J. Colman and Major Rollins, the latter of whom \ngave a brief history of the University, closing by tendering a hearty \nwelcome to Dr. Laws. The exercises of the occasion were closed by \nthe inaugural address of the new President, who fully and wisely set \nforth his views concerning the government and conduct of the Uni- \nversity. \n\nThe Bunceton Brass Band furnished excellent music for the occasion. \n\nMeeting at Jefferson City, July 18, 1876. \xe2\x80\x94 B. S. Newland was \nelected to the chair of Modern Languages for one year from July 1, \n\n1876. The salary of William S. Pratt, Assistant Professor, increased \nto $800 per annum. A. R. Runyan elected business agent. \n\nMeeting December 12, 1876. \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Collier, from the Nominating \nCommittee, reported that since the last meeting W; H. Cole had been \nchosen Professor of English and History until June 30, 1877. Also, \nthat Alexander Meyrowitz had been chosen as Professor of the \n\nHebrew Language and Shemitic Literature, both of which the board \nconfirmed. \n\nA communication was received from Miss M. Lou Gillette, Assistant \nin the Normal Department, tendering her resignation on account of \nill-health. \n\nAt a meeting of the Board held in Jefferson City, January 19, \n\n1877, S. M. Tracy was appointed Assistant Professor of Agricul- \nture, at a salary of $1,000 a year, with the use of the McClellan \ncottage. \n\nMeeting June 5, 1877. \xe2\x80\x94 A School of Art was established, of \nwhich George C. Bingham, of Kansas City, was elected professor, \n\nCharles P. Williams, Director of the School of Mines of Rolla, \ntendered his resignation. \n\nCHAIRS VACATED. \n\nThe chairs occupied by Edward H. Twining, Professor of Latin \nLan^uaoe and Literature ; B. S. Newland, Professor of Greek and \nErench ; William H. Cole, Professor of English History and Elocu- \ntion ; William S. Pratt and Lizzie K. Bedford, Instructors in Prepara- \ntory studies ; also the place of Proctor, were declared vacant. \n\nMeeting June 4, 1878. \xe2\x80\x94 Letters were presented from M. M. \nEisher, accepting the Professorship of Latin ; from Thomas ,T. Lowry, \naccepting the Professorship of Civil Engineering, and from D. R. \nMcAnally, Jr., accepting the Professorship of English. \n\n\n\n324 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nProf. Waite was elected Director of the School of Mines, vice \nWilliams, resigned. \n\nMeeting August 1 3 , 1878. \xe2\x80\x94 A quorum not being in attendance, \nthose present were not legally competent to consider and decide sev- \neral questions which were properly before the board The resignation \nof E. L. Ripley, Professor of Pedagogics and Dean of the Normal \nFaculty, to take effect on October 1, was tendered and accepted,, \nProf. Pipley having been elected President of Shelbina College. The \nvacancy occasioned by the resignation of Prof. Ripley was filled by \nthe election of Miss Grace C. Bibb, of St. Louis, who, for a number \nof years, had had charge of the Normal Department of the St. Lonis \npublic schools, and who is a lady of large and successful experience \nand acknowledged scholarship and qnalifications. \n\nThe resignation of Dr. T. A. Arnold, Professor of Anatomy and of \nthe Principles and Practice of Medicine in the Medical Faculty of the \nUniversity, was tendered and accepted. \n\nDr. John H. Duncan was chosen to fill the chairs of Physiology, \nMateria Medica and the Principles and Practice of Medicine. \n\nDr. Woodson Moss was elected Professor of Anatomy and Demon- \nstrator. \n\nDrs. Duncan and Moss had hitherto occupied positions in the Medi- \ncal Faculty, and, therefore, were well-known. \n\nMeeting December 10, 1878. \xe2\x80\x94 Mvs. J. P. Fuller Avas elected ta \nthe chair of Modern Languages, as Assistant in the English branches. \n\nProf. Meyrowitz resigned the Professorship of Hebrew and Ancient \nHistory. The chair of Greek and Comparative Philology, occupied \nby Dr. Leonard, was declared to be vacant after June 30, 1879. \n\nJames Shannon Blackwell, of Ghent, Ky., was elected Professor of \nShemitic Languages and Ancient History, and Assistant Professor of \nLatin and Greek, and A. F. Fleet, of Lexington, Mo., was elected \nProfessor of Greek and Comparative Philology. \n\nDEATH OF PRESIDENT READ. \n\nThe sudden death of ex-President Daniel Read, in Keokuk, Iowa, \nOctober 3, 1878, was announced, and Mr. Cravens offered and the \nBoard unanimously passed resolutions very appropriate to the occa- \nsion, copies of which were ordered to be sent to his daughters. Befit- \nting tributes to his memory were also passed by the Faculty and \nstudents of the Uhiversit}\', and ordered to be published. A citizens\' \nmeeting was likewise held in Garth Hall on the evening of October 5, \n\n\n\n\nPRESIDENT DANIEL READ, LL. D. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 325 \n\n1878, which was presided over by Hon. J. S. Rollins, James W. \nRipley acting as Secretary, to which a committee of nine \xe2\x80\x94 R. L. \nTodd, John Hinton, F. T. Russell, Wm. F. Switzler, J. K. Rogers, \nR. B. Price, John S. Clarkson, R. T. Prewitt and S. C. Douglass \xe2\x80\x94 \nreported through Mr. Todd, chairman, a very appropriate notice of \nhis death and public services, in which there was presented a beauti- \nfully written resume of his long and successful labors in the cause of \neducation. Col. Switzler, in a brief speech, moved its adoption, \nwhich motion unanimously prevailed. Maj. Rollins also, in a short \naddress, gave a brief sketch of the life and services of the deceased \nin the cause of education, and particularly in connection with the \nState University of Missouri, He alluded feelingly to his personal \nrelations with, and strong friendship for, Dr. Read, and closed with a \nfew reminiscences showing the faithful devotion of the deceased to \nthe interests of the University. \n\nThe proceedings of this meeting, together with the speech of Maj. \nRollins, were afterwards published in pamphlet form. \n\nMeeting June 3, 1879. \xe2\x80\x94 J. W. Sutherland, Agricultural Lands \nCommissioner, has resigned, and the officers of the Board of Curators \nwill elect his successor. \n\nMrs. J. P. Fuller, Professor of French and German, has also re- \nsigned and her duties will be discharged by members of the present \nfaculty. \n\nIt was ordered that the title of S. M. Tracy shall be Professor of \nEntomology and Economic Botany and Superintendent of Gardens, \nand that the title of George Hussmann shall be Professor and Super- \nintendent of Pomology and Forestry. \n\nMeeting January 13, 1880. \xe2\x80\x94 At 9 o\'clock a. m. on Wednesday, \na meeting of the Curators, Faculty, students and visitors was held in \nthe chapel for the purpose of hearing the inaugural addresses of A. \nF. Fleet, Professor of Greek and Comparative Philology, and ot \nJames S. Blackwell, Professor of Hebrew and of Shemitic Literature. \n\nOn Wednesday morning a large audience again assembled in the \nchapel to hear the inaugural addresses of Conrad Diehl, Professor of \nArt, and of Frank P. Bla^r, Professor of Military Science. The ad- \ndress of Prof. Blair was well delivered and received with marked ap- \nplause. His subject was the Military and War Powers of the United \nStates Government, which he treated under three heads : 1. The in- \nception and conduct of war. 2. The land and naval forces. 3. The \nState Militia. Short addresses were then made*bv John Walker, of \n\n\n\n326 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHoward, one of the Curators, and Cols. E. C. More and W. F, \nSwitzler, \n\nFollowing this was the deeply interesting ceremony of presenting \nthe portrait of Judge David Todd, for many years an eminent citizen \nof Columbia, and distinguished jurist of Missouri \xe2\x80\x94 the portrait \nbeing the first painted by the late George C. Bingham, more than forty \nyears ago. It was a present to the University from Mr. George W. \nSamuel, of St. Joseph. Also short addresses by Maj. Rollins and \nDr. Laws. \n\nThe thanks of the Board, on motion of Mr. Dockery, were tendered \nto President Laws for his munificent donation of $500, by means of \nwhich the Curators were enabled, in exchange for the old telescope, \nto possess the very superior and well known telescope of the Shelby \nGraded School, of Shelbyville, Kentucky. \n\nDEATH OF PROF. GEORGE C. BINGHAM. \n\nGeorge C. Bingham, Professor of Art, having died in Kansas City \non July 8, 1879, Mr. Rollins presented resohitions, which were passed^ \nbearing testimony to his eminence and usefulness as a citizen, and to \nhis extraordinary genius in the world of art. \n\nMeeting May 31, 1880. \xe2\x80\x94 Chair of Emeritus Professor of Physics \nwas created, and Joseph G. Norwood was made Emeritus Professor of \nPhysics and of Medical Jurisprudence and Dean of the Medical Col- \nlege, at a salary of $1,000 per annum. The recommendations of \nProfessors B. F. Thomas and Thomas W. Tobin for the chair of \nPhysics were referred to the Executive Committee, who elected Mr. \nThomas. \n\nRE-ELECTION OF PRESIDENT LAWS. \n\nThe term for which President Laws was elected expiring on July \n4, 1880, he was unanimousty re-elected President of the University, \nno term of office being specified. A communication was received \nfrom Prof. Ficklin touching the new telescope and observatory pre- \nsented by President Laws, in which he recommended that it be called \n" The Laws Observatory ;" that an annual prize, consisting of a gold \nmedal, and designated "The Laws Astronomical Medal," be estab- \nlished for excellence in higher astronomy, and that the portrait of Dr. \nLaws be painted and hung in the Observatory. All of which was \nordered by the Board, the medal to contain a device of the Observa- \ntory, and the inscription, " The heavens declare the glory of God,\'* \n\n\n\n\nLAWS OBSERVATORY, MISSOURI UNIVERSITY. \n\n\n\nKl \n\n\n^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n** \n\n\n\n\n1 \n\n\n-\xe2\x96\xa0t-^^^ \n\n\nH \n\n\nt \n\n\ni^M \n\n\n\n\n^H \n\n\n^^^M \n\n\n^8 \n\n\n1 \n\n\n^Sffi^Hp \n\n\nS^^f^-.^2^\',\'i \n\n\n\n\nif \n\n\ni \n\n\nI \n\n\nmiiin=!^^g^^^6^^ \n\n\n\nCHALYBEATE SPRING, MISSOURI UNIVERSITY. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n327 \n\n\n\nand a medallion likeness of the donor, and the words " Missouri State \nUniversity \xe2\x80\x94 The S. S. Laws Astronomical Medal." \n\nD. R. McAnally, Professor of English, placed $200 in the hands of \nthe Board, in trust, for the purpose of establishing the "McAnally \nPrize for English," which was accepted and the thanks of the Board \nreturned. \n\nMeeting May 30, 1881 . \xe2\x80\x94 F. P. Blair was elected Assistant Professor \nin the Department of Law, and Mrs. O. A. Carr Principal of the \nLadies\' Department and Adjunct Professor of English. \n\n\n\nSALE OF AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE LANDS. \n\nIn September, 1881, the Board of Curators very fortunately suc- \nceeded in effecting a sale of 147,522 acres of the Agricultural College \nland to Geo. H. Nettleton, of Kansas City, President of the Kansas \nCity and Little Rock Railroad, for $208,328 \xe2\x80\x94 $1.41 per acre. These \nlands were situated in five counties in the southern part of the State, \nbordering on Arkansas, and are as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nCounties. \n\n\n\nHowell County \n\nDouglass County \n\nOzark County \n\nOregon County \n\nTexas County \n\nTotal number of acres sold \n\n\n\nAcres. \n\n\n\n74,047.61 \n44,301.68 \n11,523.11 \n\n7,882.26 \n9,817.45 \n\n147,522.01 \n\n\n\nPrice. \n\n\n\n$104,051.05 \n\n64,542.36 \n\n16,553.04 \n\n9,790.32 \n\n13,392.04 \n\n$208,328.81 \n\n\n\nAverage price per acre, $1 41. \n\nThese are a portion of the lands granted by the United States Gov- \nernment to the State of Missouri, under the act of Congress approved \nJuly 2, 1862. \n\nMeeting January 10, 1882. \xe2\x80\x94 A quorum not present. On motion of \nMr. Rollins it was resolved that the proceedings of the E^^cutive \nCommittee, on behalf of the Board, and also of the faculty and stu- \ndents, which were had in the chapel on September 21, 1881, and also \nthe memorial services which were held in the chapel September 26, \n1881, together with the resolutions passed, and the correspondence \ngrowing out of the same, be spread upon the record. \n\nMeeting May 29, 1882. \xe2\x80\x94 Among the resolutions passed was the \nfollowing, offered by Mr. Switzler : \xe2\x80\x94 ^ \n\nWhereas, for many years past this institution has been compelled to use an old cracked \n\n\n\n328 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbell, the sound of which has become familiar to the ears of hundreds of students and \nfriends of the University, and grates harshly on the ears of all; and \n\nWheeeas, Hon. J. S. Rollins, the President of tliis board, alive now, as he has been for \nnearly a half a century, to the best interests of the University\', has generously presented \nto it a large new bell, beautiful in tone and appearance, and bearing appropriate in- \nscriptions, therefore be it \n\nResolved, that we gratefully accept the gift, as one much needed and very valuable, and \nhereby tender the public-spirited donor the thanks of the board, hoping he may long \nlive to realize that it will in truth \n\n" Ring out the old, ring in the new, \nRing out the false, ring in the true." \n\nThe bell was manufactured by the celebrated Maueely Bell Com- \npany, of Troy, N. Y., will weigh 2,000 pounds, cost about $800, and \nbears the following inscriptions : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1882. Presented by Hon. James S. Rollins, LL. D., President of the Board of Cura- \ntors of the University of the State of Missouri. \n\nRing out the old, ring in the new. \n\nRing out the false, ring in the true. \n\nNunc occasio est et teynpus. \n\nThe salary of B. F. Thomas, Professor of Physics, was fixed at \n$2,000 a year. \n\nMeeting June 12, 1882. \xe2\x80\x94 Present: J. S. Rollins, of Boone ; J. C. \nCravens of Greene ; Jas. Lincoln, of Clay; J. R. Estill, of Howard; \nW. H. Lackland, of St. Louis, and J. S. Clarkson and W. F. Switzler, \nof Boone. Absent: A. M. Millard and Charles C. Bland, of Rolla. \n\nDurincr most of the time the board was in executive session and \ntherefore results and not the reasons for them are known to the \npublic. It is known, however, that unfortunate misunderstandings \nhad arisen between President Laws and Professor Swallow, and that \nin reference to some of the phases of them, most of the professors \nof the various departments of the institution, including the Presi- \ndent and Professor Swallow, were requested to come before the board \nand ma^e oral statements, such of the professors as were necessarily \nabsent leaving statements in writing. \n\nThose who made verbal statements before the Board were the fol- \nlowing : President Laws, Professors Swallow, Fleet, Tracy, McAnally, \nFicklin, Schweitzer and Lowry. Also, the Treasurer, R. B. Price. \nThe Professors who were absent and left written statements were \nFisher, Blackwell and Thomas. Also the Medical Faculty. \n\nAmong other matters of public interest, the chair occupied by Geo. \nC. Swallow, Professor of Agriculture and Natural History and Dean \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 329 \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2of the Agricultural Faculty, was declared vacant after the Slst iust., \nand the Executive Committee was authorized temporarily to fill the \nsame. \n\nThe salary of Conrad Diehl, Professor of Art, was raised to $2,000 \nper annum. \n\nBoyle Gordon, Professor of the Law Faculty, tendered his resigna- \ntion, which was accepted with regret, whereupon C. G. Tiedeman, \nhitherto Professor of Law, was made Professor at a salary of $1,200. \n\nThe $500 note of Hon. James L. Stephens, given to the Board of \nCurators several years ago, the interest on which was annually appro- \npriated to pay for the " Stephens\' Medal" in oratory, was surrendered \nto him on his depositing with the Treasurer a $500 Boone county six \nper cent, bond, No. 338. \n\nThe Treasurer of the Board, R. B. Price, gave a new bond, with \napproved securities, in the sum of $350,000. \n\nThe claim of J. W. Sutherland, of St. Louis, ex- Agricultural Land \n\xe2\x80\xa2Commissioner for five per cent commission on the sale of more than \ntwo hundred thousand acres of land to C. H. Nettleton, was rejected. \n\nCURATOE ABSENCES. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Switzler, the following resolution was adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That the Secretary be required to prepare a book so arranged as to contain the \nmames of all the Curators of the University, showing the date of expiration of their com- \nmissions ; that he be required to note therein the failure to attend of any members of the \nBoard any annual, semi-annual or regular called meeting of the Board ; and to certify to the \n\xe2\x96\xa0Governor the fact of such failure to attend ; and to notify the members so failing to attend \nthat such failure has been certified to the Governor. \n\nResolved, That it is the sense of this Board that any fact which will prevent the vacating \nof his oflSce, by such failure to attend, must be stated to the Governor. \n\nENDORSEMENT OF PRESIDENT LAWS. \n\nOn motion of Mr. Lincoln, of Clay, the following preamble and \nresolutions were adopted : \n\nWhereas, A large number of witnesses have been examined by the Board of Curators, \nincluding many members of the Faculty connected with the State University, touching the \nmanagement and prosperity of the institution during the last seventeen years, and especially \nunder the management of Dr. Laws during the last six years ; and \n\nWhereas, All of said testimony is to the efi\'ect that Dr. Laws is well qualified and pecu- \nliarly fitted to preside as President over the State University, and to establish the fact that \nsaid institution was never in so prosperous a condition as during the last six years; and \n\nWhereas, Said evidence further shows that President Laws has not only given his time \nand talents, but largely of his own private means, for the advancement of said institution dur- \ning his connection therewith; therefore, be it \n\n\n\n330 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nResolved, 1, That in the opinion of the Board the continued prosperity of the State- \nUniversity demands the continued services of Dr, Laws as its President, and we earnestly \nand unanimously request that he will not sever his connection with it, \n\n2. That we would deem his resignation a calamity to the institution and to the best \ninterests of the State. \n\nPROF, swallow\'s successor. \n\nOn July 14, 1882, the Executive Committee \xe2\x80\x94 Clarkson and Switz- \nzer ; EoUins sick and absent \xe2\x80\x94 of the Curators of the University, to \nwhom the duty was assigned of filling the vacancy, elected J. W. \nSanborn, of the New Hampshire College of Agriculture, Dean of the \nAgricultural College of Missouri, to fill the place formerly occupied \nby Prof. Geo. C. Swallow. \n\n\n\nCHAPTEE YIII. \n\nHISTORY OF THE COUNTY FROM 1840 TO 1850. \n\nKocheport Whig Convention \xe2\x80\x94 \xe2\x80\xa2 Columbia Institute \xe2\x80\x94 Agricultural Fair of 1841 \xe2\x80\x94 A plain \n"Mr." made a plain "Col." \xe2\x80\x94 A man in a well \xe2\x80\x94 Death of two Bonne Femme College \nstudents \xe2\x80\x94 Law cards \xe2\x80\x94 Fourth of July celebration, 1842 \xe2\x80\x94 Stibb\'s Academy, Rocheport \xe2\x80\x94 \nGreat religious revival \xe2\x80\x94 "New Cash Store" \xe2\x80\x94 Two citizens accidentally killed \xe2\x80\x94 The- \nmurder ofHiram Beasley andthe execution of Henry and America \xe2\x80\x94 Henry\'s confession \xe2\x80\x94 \nImprovement of Broadway, Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 It is a monument to Dr. Jewell \xe2\x80\x94 Militia mus- \nters \xe2\x80\x94 The great freshet of 1844 \xe2\x80\x94 Providence founded \xe2\x80\x94 Presidential election of 1844 \xe2\x80\x94 \nLiquor prohibition foreshadowed \xe2\x80\x94 Colonization societies \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County taxes in 1845 \xe2\x80\x94 \nMissouri annual conference \xe2\x80\x94 The new Court House \xe2\x80\x94 The Mexican war \xe2\x80\x94 A flag pre- \nsented to the " Boone Guards " \xe2\x80\x94 A public dinner tendered the Mexican volunteers on \ntheir return \xe2\x80\x94 The State Lunatic Asylum \xe2\x80\x94 The Globe newspaper established \xe2\x80\x94 Religious \nrevivals \xe2\x80\x94 Sons of Temperance celebration \xe2\x80\x94 General Taylor elected and Columbia in a \nblaze \xe2\x80\x94 Columbia Female Collegiate Institute \xe2\x80\x94 The big sleet \xe2\x80\x94 California gold fever \xe2\x80\x94 \nNames of the emigrants. \n\nELECTION EETURNS FROM 1840 TO 1850. \n* Those thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nAUGUST 8TH, 1840. \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS. \n\n\n\nEdw. M. Samuel, \n(Whig) 1,042 \n\n*John Miller, \n(Democrat) 567 \n\n\n\nGeorge C. Sibley, \n(Whig) 1,042 \n\n*John C. Edwards, \n(Democrat) 567 \n\n\n\nGOVERNOR. \n\nJohn B. Clark... .1,038 I *Thos. Reynolds, 595 \nTotal 1,653 \n\n\n\nLIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. \n\nJoseph Bogy 1,038 | *M. M. Marmaduke, 569 \n\nTotal 1,603 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\n\n*D. M. Hickman, 1,006 \n*Jas. S. Rollins.. 995 \nJos. W. Hickam, 425 \nJohn M. Roberts, 382 \n\n\n\n*George Knox 1,009- \n\n*Alex. Per singer.. 911 \n*Tyre Harris 922. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n331 \n\n\n\nELECTION RETURNS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nSpecial election foi- Senator, to fill vacancy \ncaused by resignation of Thomas 0. Mau- \npin: \n\n*Sinclair Kirtley. .971 | Joseph Persinger, 544 \n\nTotal 1.515 \n\nNOVEMBER 9TH, 1840. \n\nSpecial election for Senator to fill vacancy \ncaused by resignation of Archibald W. Tur- \nner: \n*Hiram Philips... 546 1 John M. McGhee, 32 \n\nAlex.M.Hobinson, 307 | \n\nTotal 885 \n\nAUGUST 4TH, 1843. \n\n* SENATOR. \n\n*Tyre Harris 938 | Joseph Persinger, 743 \n\nTotal 1,676 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6William Smith... 956 I Richard M. May, 842 \n*Mat\'w R. Arnold, 845 *Wm. Rowland... 1,102 \nWm. A. Robards . . 734 | \n\nAUGUST 5TH, 1844. \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Leonard H. Sims, 853 \nJohn Thornton... 828 \n\xe2\x99\xa6Sterling Price.... 511 \n*James H. Relfe.. 510 \nRatlif Boone 829 \n\n\n\nThos. B. Hudson, 845 \nAugustus Jones.. 828 \n*Jas. B. Bowling.. 518 \n\xe2\x99\xa6John S. Phelps... 412 \n\xe2\x99\xa6John Jamison 439 \n\n\n\n- GOVERNOR. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6John C. Edwards, 572 | Charles H. Allen, 1,030 \nTotal 1,602 \n\nLIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6John C. Young. ... 550 | Wm, B. Almond. . 955 \nTotal 1,505 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6George Knox 1.061 [\xe2\x99\xa6Wm. Jewell 956 \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Sinclair Kirtley.. 1,029 Charles Gordon, 661 \nGeorge S. Waters, 732 I James Schooling 170 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Thos. C. Maupin, 840 | W.T. Hickman.. 521 \n\nJohn W. Yeldell.. 466 | \n\nTotal 1,837 \n\n\n\nAUGUST 9th, 1845. \n\nDELEGATES TO STATE CONSTITUTIONAL CON- \nVENTION. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6David Hickman.. . .842 [\xe2\x99\xa6John P. Stone. ... 881 \nJohn M. Robinson. .676 | \n\nAUGUST 12th, 1846. \nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6John G. Miller. . .1,136 | James S. Green . . 706 \nTotal 1,828 \n\nSENATOR. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6James S. Rollins, 1,115 | Fayette F. Kirby, 593 \nTotal 1,703 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Wm. F. Switzler, 1,032 | J. L. Matthews.. 691 \nTotal 1,723 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6T. C. Maupin 1,545 | No opposition. \n\nAUGUST 10th, 1847. \n\nCIRCUIT CLERK. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Robert L. Todd. . 1,558 | No opposition. \n\nCOUNTY CLERK. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Warren Woodson, 922 | James Arnold... 769 \n\nTotal 1,691 \n\nAUGUST 14TH, 1848. \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\nRobert Wilson 1,321 1 \xe2\x99\xa6Jas. S. Green... 787 \n\nTotal 2,008 \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\nJames S. Rollins.. . .1,257 | \xe2\x99\xa6Austin A. King, 791 \nTotal 3,047 \n\nLIEUTENANT - GOVERNOR. \n\nLittleberry Hen- [\xe2\x99\xa6Thos. L. Price.. 77S \n\ndricks 1,250 | \n\nTotal 2,028 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Wm. F. Switzler.. 1,143 | Wm. A. Robards 830 \nTotal 1,973 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Wm. T. Hickman 986 I Garland Harris.. 818 \n\nMilton Sexton 205 | \n\nTotal 2,009 \n\n\n\n1840 \xe2\x80\x94 Population of the County 13,561 \n\n\n\nROCHE PORT WHIG CONVENTION. \n\n" Switzler\' s History of Missouri " says : " The Presidential canvass \nof 1840, Martin Van Buren, of New York, being the Democratic, and \nWilliam Henry Harrison, of Ohio, the Whig candidate, excited unex- \nampled interest and enthusiasm in every State in the Union. In the \nclosely contested States the people seemed to ^abandon all business, \nand devote their entire time and energies to the pending election. \n\n\n\n332 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMass conventions of unprecedented members were held, in some in- \nstances remaining in session for several days, which were addressed \nby distinguished speakers whose object seemed to be to influence the \npopular enthusiasm and carry the election by music, banners, proces- \nsions and stump oratory. Some of the Whig out-door meetings in \nthe Ohio Valley numbered a hundred thousand and were addressed \nby General Harrison in person. At these monster assemblages min- \niature log cabins and veritable coons and hard cider were disphiyed, \nand campaign songs sung, exciting the wildest enthusiasm ; so that \nthat the contest took the name of the \' Log Cabin, Coon Skin and \nHard Cider Campaign.\' \n\n" To counteract the influence of the meetings and the party para- \nphernalia emj^loyed by the Whigs to captivate the masses, the friends \nof Mr. Yan Bnren held their conventions also, and, invoking the name \nand influence of \' Old Hickory,\' who ardently supported him for the \npresidency, adopted hickory boughs and the chicken-cock as their \nparty emblems, the former gracefully waving and the latter defiantly \ngrowing everywhere. \n\n" The Whigs and Democrats of Missouri caught the prevailing en- \nthusiasm, and conducted the canvass with unusual spirit. Mass con- \nventions, accompanied by the splendid pageantry of processions, \nbrilliant banners and martial music, to say nothing of political discus- \nsions unexcelled in fervid eloquence, abounded everywhere. The \nState was wild with excitement, and many and interesting and graphic \nare the scenes which our older citizens are able to recall of the cam- \npaign of 1840. \n\n" The most memorable, because the largest and most elaborately \nprepared convention of the contest in Missouri, was the Whig Con- \nvention, held at Rocheport, in Boone County, in June of that year. \nIts place of meeting was on the hill east of the town, in a dense grove \nof sugar trees, where three speakers\' stands were erected, and where \nfor three days and nights the friends of \' Tippecanoe and Tyler, too,\' \nheld high carnival and bid defiance to the absent hosts of Van Buren \nand Johnson. During its session the assembled thousands were \naddressed by Chilton Allen, of Kentucky, Fletcher Webster (a sou of \nDaniel Webster), Gen. A. W. Doniphan, James H. Birch, Abiel \nLeonard, James S. Rollins, Col. John O\' Fallon, James Winston, \nGeorge C. Bingham and others." \n\nThe weather was most propitious for an out-door assemblage, and the \nnumber present was variously estimated from six to ten thousand. Con- \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 33S \n\nsiderino- the utter lack of railroads or other more modern methods of \ncommimication and travel, and that the total population of the State \nwas less than 400,000 and the entire Whig vote less than 23,000, the \nEocheport convention was a " monster meeting," the fire and enthusi- \nasm and incidents of which will never be forgotten by those who \nattended it. \n\nThree steamboats full of delegates came from St. Louis, bearing \nfield pieces and banners and flags and bands of music, and exciting the \nwildest enthusiasm at every landing. The flag-steamer of the fleet \ndisplayed a large bust portrait of Gen. Harrison, (" Old Tip."), the \nsight of which, when the boat touched the shore at Rocheport, moved \nthe assembled thousands with uncontrollable enthusiasm, that found \nexpression in shouts of rapture. \n\nBarring the display of martial uniforms and of fire-arms, the plan- \ntation and hills, on which the convention was held, had the appear- \nance of a military encampment, for tdlits and covered wagons were to \nbe seen in large numbers, for the Whig uprising for " Tippecanoe and \nTyler, too," continued three days and nights. \n\nAmong the exciting incidents of the occasion, it may be mentioned \nthat one of the\' delegations, which came overland from a neighboring \ncounty, numbered several hundred persons on horseback, and making \nthe welkin ring as they marched, displayed at the head of the column \na banner on which was painted a bust portrait of Thomas H. Benton, \nUnited States Senator from Missouri, from the folds of whose cravat \nprotruded the corner of a ten dollar bank note, the caricature intend- \ning to symbolize an alleged indiscretion of young Benton when a \nstudent at Chapel Hill College, North Carolina. The sight of this \nbanner was a red flag to the few Democrats who happened to be pres- \nent, exciting them furiously, and causing them to denounce the cari- \ncature, in which many of the older and more conservative Whigs \njoined, as an unworthy exhibition of party malignity. \n\nAmong the Democrats present was Judge Robbins, of Illinois, a \ngentleman of prominence and a speaker. By some means it became \nnoised about the encampment, producing no little excitement, that \nRobbins was an Abolitionist, an epithet which signified at that time \nin Central Missouri the sum of all villainies. Indeed, it subjected a \nman who wore it to the humiliation of open insult, if not to the perils \nof personal violence. \n\nHearing that bis name was associated with thi^ charge, and observ- \ning that it was creating something of a sensation in the crowd,. \n\n\n\n334 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJudge Robbiiis finally asked and obtained leave to occupy the main \nstand for a few minutes in a personal explanation. He met the \ncharge defiantly and denied its truth in toto. \n\nNevertheless, the Democrats, as usual, carried the State, elect- \ning Thomas Keynolds, Governor, over John B. Clark, and Van Buren \nover the Harrison electors, by about 7,500 majority. John Miller \nand John C. Edwards Avere also elected to Congress over E. M. \nSamuel and George C. Sibley. \n\nCOLUMBIA INSTITUTE. \n\nDurinof the winter of 1841 there was organized in Columbia a \nLyceum and DebatingClub of the above title, which held its meetings \nin the Union Church. Its exercises were largely attended, and con- \nsisted of debates and lectures. Its active members were : Milton \nCornelius, John F. Stone, Dr. T. K. H. Smith, Wm. A. Eobards, \nDr. W. B. Lenoir, Lewis W. Robinson, Milton S. Matthews, John \nE. Bedford, F. T. Russell, Wm. T. B. Sangford, Chas. H. Hardin, \nDr. A. J. McKelway, Wm. F. Switzler and others. Among the ques- \ntions discussed were: "Is Phrenology true? " " Does conscience, \nmore than law, restrain man from crime? " " Does the geographical \nsituation or the institutions of a country have the greater influence in \nthe formation of national character?" "Is conscience innate?" \n" Should usur}^ laws be abolished? " "Is novel-reading beneficial? " \n\nAmono; the lectures delivered were the foUowins^ : A Geolos-ical Dis- \ncourse by President J. H. Lathrop ; The Unfading Beauty of Knowledge \nContrasted with the Mutability of Human Grandness and Greatness, by \nJohn F. Stone ; Eulogy on Gen. Harrison, by Wm. F. Switzler; A \nLecture, by Prof. Wm. Van Doran ; " The Knowledge which should be \nPossessed by Practicing Physicians of the present day," by Dr. T. R. \nH. Smith; A Lecture, by Prof. John Roche ; "The Superiority of \nMoral and Intellectual Power to Arbitrary Sway," by John R. Bed- \nford ; Lecture, by Dr. W. B. Lenoir ; Lecture, by Dr. J. C. Page ; \nLecture, by Dr. A. J. McKelway. \n\nLectures were also delivered, during the existence of the Institute, \nby the following: R. L Todd, Thos. P. Giles, William T. Davis, \nS, A. Young, G. C. Pratt, Prof. Lefiingwell, James Winston, James \nB. Thomas, Rev. Z. N. Roberts, and others. \n\nThis institute continued its sessions during the fall and w^inter for \nseveral years, and contributed its part to the literary enjoyments of \nColumbia and vicinity. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n335 \n\n\n\nBOONE COUNTY AGRICULTURAL FAIR 1841. \n\nIn a previous chapter we gave an account of the initial exhibition of \nthe society under whose auspices another Fair was held in Columbia \non October 4 and 5, 1841. Our farmer readers and stock raisers will \nbe interested in the premiums offered, especially if they will contrast \nthe meagre list with the premiums of our present Agricultural Fair. \nThe total amount of premiums is only $110, whereas our present \nAgricultural Fair Association offers a number of premiums which sin- \ngly equal and some of them treble that amount. \n\nSTOCK FAIR. \n\n[Columbia Patriot, August 21, 1841.] \n\nThe Boone County Agricultural Fair will take place in Columbia on the 4th and 5th \ndays of October next, at which time premiums worth the following sums will be awarded to \nthe following description of stock and agricultural products, viz. : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nBestboarpigunder6 months \n\n\nold . \n\n\n$5 00 \n\n\nBest sow pig under 6 months\' \n\n\nold . \n\n\n5 00 \n\n\nBest sow pig over 6 and under 12 \n\n\n\n\nmonths \n\n\n\n\n5 00 \n\n\nBest boar over 12 months . \n\n\n\n\n10 00 \n\n\nBest sow over 12 months . \n\n\n\n\n10 00 \n\n\nBest sucking bull calf . . \n\n\n\n\n5 00 \n\n\nBest sucking heifer calf . . \n\n\n\n\n5 00 \n\n\nBest one year old bull . . \nBest one year old heifer . , \n\n\n\n\n5 00 \n5 00 \n\n\nBest two year old bull and upwards \nBest two year old cow and upwards \nBest ram , . . \n\n\n10 00 \n\n10 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n\nBest ewe \n\n\n\n\n5 00 \n\n\nBest 100 lbs. tobacco . . . \n\n\n\n\n10 00 \n\n\n\nBest sucking horse colt . . \nBest sucking mare colt . . \nBest one year old horse colt \nBest one year old mare colt \nBest saddle horse . . \nBest sucking jack colt \nBest sucking jennet colt \nBest year old jack . . \nBest year old jennet \nBest two year old jack . \nBest two year old jennet \nBest sucking mule colt \nBest yearling mule . . \nBest two year old mule \n\n\n\n5 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n10 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n10 00 \n\n10 00 \n\n10 00 \n\n10 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n5 00 \n\n10 00 \n\n\n\nBEST SADDLE $10 00. \n\nHogs, cattle, sheep and tobacco, to be exhibited on the first day. All entries must be \nmade on the evening previous to the day of exhibition. \nThe following gentlemen were chosen judges : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nS. Bently, of Howard ; St. G-eo. Tucker, Callaway ; Ashby Snell, Monroe ; Jas. Hutchi- \nson, Cooper ; Jno. H. Field, Boone. \n\nCATTLE. , \n\nG-erard Robinson, Howard ; Wm. Grant, Callaway ; Jas. S. Hutchison, Cooper ; Thomas \nM. Allen, Boone. \n\nSHEEP. \n\nWm. Stone, D. Gordon, Sr., Wm. Johnson. \n\nTOBACCO. \n\n1. 0. Scott, of Boone ; C. Carter, of Callaway ; Samuel Murrell, Theo. Dozier. \n\n\n\n336 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nJas. Palmer, of Boone; Theo. Fletcher, of Boone; K. Overton, Callaway; Benj. Watts,. \nof Howard; Ashby Snell, of Monroe. \n\nJACKS AND JENNETS. \n\nHugh Withers, of Monroe; Maj. McKenney, of Callaway; Harrison Elliott, of Howard; \nN. Leonard, of Cooper ; Wm. Maupin, of Boone. \n\nMULES, \n\nGeorge Burroughs, of Howard; Smith Walker, of Cooper; Thos. West, of Callaway; \nPeter Ellis, of Boone; Philip Barnes, of Boone. \nAugust 21, 1841. \n\nCOLUMBIA IN 1841. \n\nIn iVnticipation of the completion of the University editfbe, and the \nopening and permanent organization of the institution, Columbia in \n1841 felt the momentum of improvement and prosperity. Although \nthe census, as taken by the town marshal, showed its population to be \nonly 770, " near one thousand " was claimed for it by the Patriot. \nThat paper says : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nIndependent of the State University and the dwelling of the president of that institu- \ntion, since August, 1840, the following buildings have been built, or are now building, viz. : \nJohn T. Nelson, one frame dwelling; Wm. Lee, one frame dwelling; Tho. E. Power, one \nlarge imitation stone ; W. A. Kobards, one frame law ofBce ; Parker & Barr, three brick \nstore-rooms ; A. L. Peebles, one brick store-room ; Wm. Cornelius, one brick store-room ; \nH. Keene, one brick store-room ; J. M. Johnson, one brick store-room; M. and J. Matthews, \none brick carriage sliop; M. and L. Matthews, one brick dwelling; G. W. Samuel, one brick \ndwelling; .J. McClintock, one brick dwelling; Wm. Cornelius, one large brick dwelling; H. \nCrumbaugh, one frame dwelling; Mrs. N. Collins, one frame dwelling; Thos. Selby, one \nbrick dwelling; E. S. Barr, one brick dwelling; W. Woodson, one brick dwelling ; D. Hem- \ningway, one brick dwelling; G. D. Poote, one brick dwelling; N. W. Wilson, one brick \ndwelling; O. Parker, one brick dwelling; P. Kenyon, one stone dwelling ; J. Hart, one frame \nhouse ; J. Trigg, one frame house ; one large brick church ; W. B. Huston, imitation stone ; \nJ. Richardson, imitation stone ; E. Camplin, frame for carding machine. \n\nMaking in all twenty brick, eight frame, one stoiie, and three imitation stone houses ; \ntotal, thirty-two. We have eight dry goods stores, one book and two drug stores, three \nblacksmith shops, one chair factory, three cabinet makers, two wagon and one coach maker, \ntwo tinners, one hatter, three saddlers, and three tailor shops. \n\nA PLAIN "MR." MADE A PLAIN "COL." \n\nW. F. Switzler, the editor of the Statesman, assumed the editorial \ncharge of the Columbia Patriot on July 31, 1841, age 22. He was \nthen a plain " Mr.," but did not long remain unpromoted, for in No- \nvember following, in a singular and very innocent manner, he was made \na colonel by a correspondent, " Eockbridge," who was none other \nthan Prof. John Roche, of Bonne Femme CoUeo-e.^ Writing a short \n\n\n\n^ Prof. Roche died in Lexington, Ky., October 23, 1849. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 337 \n\ncommunication for the Patriot, November 20, 1841, he addressed it to \n*\' Colonel " Switzler, and concluded it as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nP. S. \xe2\x80\x94 You must not be offended with the title of Colonel. There was your predecessor, \nCol. Miller; there is Col. Birch, of Howard; there is Gunn, of Jefferson, a Oen\'l by name, \nif not by nature ; and there is the Rev. Major of the Paris Centi7iel,1vfWa\'jA, C. Now, sir, if \njour modesty will not admit the above named title, we, the people of Boone, will not think \nour editorial chair filled with adequate dignity. I therefore dub thee : \n\nColonel thou art, and Colonel thou shalt be. \nThroughout all time, and through eternity. \n\nEver since the issue of the paper which contained the above, the \n\xe2\x80\xa2editor of the Statesman has been called " Colonel." \n\nA MAN IN A WELL. \n\nOn Monday, September 6, 1841, a very singular and distressing ac- \ncident occurred in Columbia, the memory of which still lingers in the \nminds of our older inhabitants. The one story brick house which \nnow forms the ell of the fine residence of Kobert L. Todd was built \nand occupied as a residence by G, D. Foote, one of the contractors \nof the University. While the building was in progress he dug a well \nin the yard about 50 feet deep and had it walled, but of very indiffer- \nent and unsuita})le stone. It had been walled for some time, and it \nbeing observed that the wall at the bottom had become out of place, \nthe father-in-law, Stephen St. John expressed the intention \xe2\x80\x94 from \nwhich Mr. Foote attempted to dissuade him \xe2\x80\x94 of going down into the \nwell to examine more closely the nature of the breach. About one \no\'clock, however, Mr. St. John, after letting a candle down into the \nwell in a bucket descended himself, leaving Mr. Proiity at the top of \nthe well to render any assistance he might desire. Mr. St. John had \n-scarely reached the point he wished to examine before the rock at the* \nbottom began to give way and fall into the water. Observing this, \nhe attempted to escape by climbing the rope to the top, but was una- \nble to do so for the wall above him commenced caving in, and in a \nmoment closed over and formed an arch above him. The news \nof the singular accident spread through the town and a large \nnumber of people collected at the top of the well. It being \nascertained by calling him that St. John was still alive, the work \nof removing the dirt and the rock was soon commenced and prose- \ncuted with speed and energy. As the workiii^men descended they \nheard with distinctness the groans of. the ill-fated man. After remov- \ning about 40 feet of earth and stone \xe2\x80\x94 a labor of about nineteen \n22 \n\n\n\n338 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nhours\' duration and extendino; throuo-hout the whole of the nij>:ht \xe2\x80\x94 the \nrock that covered the gray head of the old man was removed and his \nalmost lifeless body exhumed from its resting place to the top. He \nwas occupying a sitting position in the well, his right foot higher than \nhis head and both hands above his head hold of the rope. With the \nexception of the fracture of one of his shoulders not a bone in his body \nwas broken. His body was recovered about 7 o\'clock Tuesday morn- \ning, but he died at 3 o\'clock that day, aged 56 years. \n\nDEATH OF TWO BONNE FEMME COLLEGE STUDENTS. \n\nJohn A. Chappell, a well-known student of Bonne Femme College,, \nson of the late John Chappell, who resided in Callaway county, on the \nMissouri River, opposite Jefferson City, and a brother of Mrs. Dr. \nWm. B. Lenoir died at the residence ofWm. Shields, near the college, \nJanuary 24, 1842. Resolutions of respect and condolence were passed \nby the students of Bonne Femme College and of Columbia College, \nJohn T. and J. F. Hughes, Robert L. Todd, W. M. Irvine, Thos. M. \nRichardson, Robert A. Grant and James H. Moss participating in the \nmeeting. On February 3, 1842, Jacqueline J. L. Harvey, son of \nMaj. Thos. Harvey, of Saline, and a student of Bonne Femme College \nalso died at the residence of Wm. Shields. \n\nLAW CARDS. \n\nThe Patriot, of February 26, 1842, contains the first law card of F. \nT. Russell, whose office was in a frame building which then stood on \nthe lot now occupied by the Statesman printing office. In the Patriot, \nof March 5, 1842, Wm. F. Switzler tenders his professional services \nas a lawyer to the citizens of Boone and adjoining counties. Office \non Guitar Street, the *two-story little brick occupied by Maj. Rollins \nas a law office, and adjoining the Patriot office. \n\nThe Patriot, of April 16, 1842, contains a notice signed by Wm. \nJewell, the president of the Columbia Temperance Society, and Wm. \nVan Doran, Recording Secretary, that Wm. F. Switzler would deliver \na temperance address, in the Union Church, on May 2. \n\nOliver Parker, who first settled as a merchant at Thrall\'s Prairie, \nand who was one of the pionec s of the county, died in Columbia on \nFriday evening, May 20, 1842. \n\nFOURTH OF JULY CELEBRATION, 1842. \n\nThe Fourth of July, 1842, was appropriatel}^ celebrated in Columbia. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 339 \n\nA threatened shower of rain caused the people who had assembled \nfor the purpose to adjourn from the grove to the Christian Church, \nwhere the Declaration of Independence was read by John R. Bedford \nand an oration was delivered by Wm. A. Robards. Judge David \nTodd, President; Wm. Johnson and John Slack, Vice Presidents 5 \nWm. F. Switzler and Wm. Lampton, Secretaries ; John Vanhorn and \nDavid M. Hickman, Marshals ; F. x\\. Hamilton, George Foote, Elliott \nP. Cunningham, Wm. T. Hickman, Lewis Colver, W. W. Wilson, \nArmstrong Beattie, John Corbitt and John Hall Lynch, Managers. \nAll of the persons named are dead except W. F. Switzler, E. P. \nCunningham (who lives near Mexico, Missouri), William T. Hick- \nman, N. W. Wilson and John Corbitt, the latter now residing in \nPennsylvania. Among the volunteer toasts offered were the fol- \nlowing : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBy P. R. Parks: The blind man on the way side \xe2\x80\x94 may he anoint his eyes with Clay and \nreceive his sight. \n\nBy W. B. Lenoir: A porcupine saddle, long stirrups, and a hard trotting horse, for John \nTyler. \n\nBy R.L. Todd: Our State University \xe2\x80\x94 our pride and boast \xe2\x80\x94 palsied be the hand or \ntongue that would do or say anything to produce jealousy or dissension among the good \npeople of this land in relation to its usefulness. An editor somewhere in Jackson County- \nhas attempted this thing \xe2\x80\x94 may he have the gout in his toes and chilblains in his fingers \nwhen he may attempt another such essay. \n\nBy Warren Woodson : George D. Foote, Elliott P. Cunningham and Phineas Kenyon, \ncontractors for building the principal edifice of the University of the State of Missouri^ \nwhose fidelity, skill and untiring eff^orts in the discharge of their undertakings are only \nequalled by the liberality of the citizens of Boone in their donations to said object. \n\nBy W. Slade : The orator of the day \xe2\x80\x94 may his talents and his worth be duly appre- \nciated. \n\nBy J. R. Bedford: John Tyler; a political shufiler \xe2\x80\x94 what he loses in dancing he makes \nup in turning around. \n\nBy James H. Moss : May the utility of their country ever be the mainspring in directing- \nthe actions of American citizens. \n\nBy J. S. Rollins : The Constitution of the United States \xe2\x80\x94 the richest boon \'bequeathed \nby the patriots of \'76 to their posterity \xe2\x80\x94 let us cherish and maintain its principles with the \nsame patriotic devotion which actuated our forefathers in its adoption. \n\nBy A Gruest : The University \xe2\x80\x94 may its enemies, and particularly the editor at Inde- \npendence, live on parched corn and darn his own socks. \n\nBy John B. Royall : Our town of Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 may the gallantry of her sons only be sur- \npassed by the virtue and excellence of her daughters. \n\nBy Dr. W. H. Duncan : The Constitution of the United States \xe2\x80\x94 adopted by the most \ncelebrated wisdom, sagacity and patriotism, its perpetuity should be regarded as the future \nhappiness and prosperity of the Union. \n\nBy G. W. Samuel : The Whig party, routed in 1840 by the death of their leader, never \ndiscouraged, but already armed for the campaign of \'44; r^ay they never again confide to a. \ntreacherous miscreant the power to betray the citadel of their strength. \n\n\n\n340 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nSTIBBS ACADEMY. \n\n\n\nMr. J. T. Stibbs and Mrs. Mary Stibbs announce that the first session \nof the second year of " Stibbs Academy," Rocheport, will commence \non the fourth Monday in May, 1842. Among the patrons of the acad- \nemjrare mentioned the following: Dr. G. B. Wilcox, John Stem- \nmons, James Howlett and Lemuel Noble. The Examining Com- \nmittee was composed of George B. Forbis and Col. John Cooper. \nAccording to the advertisement, " good board and lodging can \nbe had in the immediate vicinity of the school rooms at $1.50 per \nweek." \n\nIn the fall of 1842 the experiment of an agricultural fair was at- \ntempted in Rocheport. John Cooper, president, George Knox, secre- \ntary. On the 4th and 5th of November a fair was held and about \n$150 in premiums were awarded. \n\nGREAT RELIGIOUS REVIVAL. \n\nOne of the most notable religious revivals in the history of Boone \nCounty commenced in the Presbyterian Church in Columbia, \nduring the first week in January, 1843. The late Rev. Isaac Jones \nwas at that time pastor of the church, and was assisted in the conduct \nof religious exercises by the Rev. Robert L. McAfee, of Boone, \nand Rev. Messrs. W. W. Robinson and David Coulter, of Callaway. \nThe revival meetings continued almost daily and nightly for about \ntwo months, and nearly a hundred persons united with the Presbyte- \nrian Church. About the same number united with the other churches \nof the town, and about fifty with the Methodist Church in Rocheport. \nThe Presbyterian meetings were held in the old brick church on Wal- \nnut Street, which for much of the time, owing to the absence of side- \nwalks and the prevalence of deep mud, could only be reached on \nhorseback. Soon after this revival the members of the Presbyterian \nChurch, having received large accessions to their number and finan- \ncial ability, resolved on building a new meeting house, which was \ncompleted in the fall of 1846, by the erection of the church edifice on \nBroadway, now occupied by that denomination ; and which in 1878 was \nenlarged by the addition of a lecture room. \n\nOn Sunday, February 19, 1843, Younger J. Williams, one of the \nproprietors of the Statesman, died at the residence of the late Capt. \nJohn B. Roy all. , \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 341 \n\n" NEW CASH STORE." \n\nDuring the mouth of April, 1843, one of the most notable busi- \nness events of the period occurred by the opening in Columbia of \nthe " New Cash Store," by James L. Stepliens. A cash store, by \nwhich was meant that no books were kept and cash on the counter \nwas paid for everything purchased, was unknown in Central Missouri. \nAs the tendency was downward in the prices of groceries and dry \ngoods it was an auspicious time to establish such an enterprise as \nMr. Stephens proposed; and therefore the opening of his "New \nCash Store," accompanied by liberal advertising of both dry goods \nand groceries, at prices considerably lower than those then prevailing, \ncaused a sensation in business circles and an unusual rush of custom- \ners to Mr. Stephens\' counters. He came in on the tide of successful \nexperiment, permanently established himself as a merchant, and se- \ncured great thrift and prosperity. \n\nTWO CITIZENS ACCIDENTALLY KILLED. \n\nOn Saturday, March 26, 1843, Mason Jefferson, a young man and \na citizen of this county Avas accidentally killed, near the village of \nNashville, then situated on the Missouri river. Jefferson and a friend \nwere trying the speed of their horses in a race along the road, during \nwhich Jefferson\'s horse ran on one side of a tree while Jefferson, lean- \ning toward the- other side came in contact with the tree and was in- \nstantly killed, his skull being fractured. On Tuesday morning, April \n14, 1843, Eauey LaForce, a citizen of the county was accidentally \nshot and killed by PhelixCallaham. They were hunting wild turkeys \ntogether eight or ten miles northeast of Columbia ; and having sepa- \nrated in the chase of a flock, Callaham, thinking he saw game in a \nthicket before him, discharged his rifle at them. Unfortunately, La \nForce was upon the other side of the thicket immediately in the direc- \ntion of Callaham\' s aim. At the discharge of the gun La Force fell \nand died in a few minutes \xe2\x80\x94 the ball having entered his chest. La \nForce was a man of family. \n\nThe amount of moneys paid by the State in 1843, to Boone County \nfor common school purposes was only $933.60. In 1882 the sum paid \nwas $ . \n\nTHE MURDER OF HIRAM BEASLEY. \n\nAbout sundown on Monday, March 20, 1843, Hiram Beasley, an \nold resident of the county, was murdered by his negroes on his farm, \n\n\n\n342 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsituated about four miles north of Providence, on the Providence and \nColumbia road. On the next day five of the negroes, Henry, and \nAmerica, his wife; Simon, David and Mary, were arrested, brought to \nColumbia and tried before Warreu Woodson, J. P., and committed to \njail for further trial. They were subsequently indicted by the grand \njury and at the May term tried. Simon and David were found guilty \nof murder in the second degree, punished by thirty-nine lashes and \nbanished from the State. Mary was acquitted. Henry and America \non their own confession were convicted and sentenced to be hung by \nJudge Leland on Saturday, June 10th. \n\nOn the evening of the murder Mr. Beasley and his negroes were in \na clearing about three quarters of a mile from his house, and it was \nat this place the murder was committed, the material facts of which \nare disclosed in Henry\'s confession, which follows. The following \nare the names of the jurors who tried the case: Charles Wren, Wil- \nliam Jones, Levi Parks, John Pitts, John Rice, John Y. Philips, \nIsaac Jacobs, Lewis Roberts, James Mayo, George W. Scott, John \nRoberts, James B. Tucker; Roger N. Todd, clerk; John D. Leland, \njudge ; James M. Gordon, prosecuting attorney ; Frederick A. Ham- \nilton, sheriff; John M. Kelley, jailer. \n\nAbout two o\'clock on Saturday, June 10th, Henry and America \nwere publicly executed on the gallows in the northwestern suburbs of \nColumbia, at a place then without the corporate limits of the town \nbut now embraced by them. The frame residence known as the \nCarlyle House, but now owned by C. B. Wells, and the house in which \nEld. Thomas M. Allen died, is situated near the spot where the gal- \nlows was erected. Although the day was extremely inclement, it hav- \ning rained during most of the morning, nearly two thousand persons \nassembled to witness the execution. The condemned man and woman \nwere attended at the gallows by Rev. Mr. McMurtry, of the Metho- \ndist Church, who, previous to the execution, engaged in solemn relig- \nious exercises. The gallows was an old-fashion gibbet, constructed \nof two posts set firmly in the ground, with a strong beam connecting \nthem at the top. To this beam the ropes were tied, a hangman\'s noose \nbeing attached to the lower ends. The culprits were driven in a \ncommon wagon from the jail, each sitting on a coffin, and at the ap- \npointed time, a noose being about the neck of each, the wagon was \ndriven from under them, and they were launched by strangulation \ninto eternity. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 343 \n\nWhat was done ^ith the remains of Henry we know not; but a \ndispute arising among the physicians, several of whom examined \nAmerica before the execution, as to whether she was enciente, most of \nthem affirming she was not, a post mortem examination was made by \nDr. Wm. B. Lenoir, the disclosures of which seriously confounded \nsome of the doctors, by revealing the fact that she was pretty ftir gone \nin pregnancy. Dr. Lenoir\'s office, in which the examination and dis- \nsection were made, was situated in the rear, or north end, of the brick \nbuilding, on the corner of Broadway and Court House Street, now \n(1882) occupied by Loeb & Cook, as a family grocery store, the \nrear of the building being at that time divided from the front by a \npartition. The front was then occupied as a drug store by Joshua W- \n!Norton. \n\nhenry\'s CONFESSION. \n\nHenry made two confessions, one to Sheriff Hamilton, who wrote it \ndown a few days before the execution, and which was read to the mul- \ntitude on that day ; the other, and a much longer one, under the gal- \nlows. The following is the confession made to Sheriff Hamilton : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nKnowing that I have in a few days to appear in the presence of my God, I feel it to be \nmy indispensable duty to give a correct history of the unfortunate transaction for which I \nam condemned to be hung. \n\nSometime in the winter of 1842, David and myself, for the purpose of keeping from \nbeing whipped, ran oflf", and during that time Dave insisted on my joining him to kill mas- \nter; that matter was pressed on me by David and Simon from that time until the day of his \ndeath. Sometime previous to his death, Simon beat up a large quantity of glass for the \npurpose of poisoning him, but having laid it on the fence, it was found by master. David \nand Simon informed me that they had been determined for years to take his life. The day \nof master\'s death, when they were putting in the hominy block, I was not present; but \nwas hunting a ringoflF of the bolster; when I returned I found Simon some short distance \nfrom the wagon ; he spoke to me and said that Dave had killed master and that he had \nstruck him; Dave, Simon and America all acknowledged to me that they had struck him; \nand after I came up, Mary took the axe and struck him two licks on the head. Dave burnt \nthe leaves; we then started for the house; when I got to the house, I found Simon, Dave, \nAmerica and Mary. After night, Simon and myself removed the body to where it was \nfound. Dave had taken the horse and put him in the upper stable, which was the old \ntobacco house. I threw the body at the forks of the road, Simon carrying his cap and \nsteadying him on the horse by holding his feet; and eased him off the horse. David would \nnever tell me who shot off the pistol ; but said he knew who it was. Three or four nights \nbefore he was killed, Mary and David laid a plot to kill him. Master went to the stable, \nand David and Simon went for the purpose of killing him, but they could not find him. I \nnever struck a single blow. David stated to me since his trial, that he and Simon have de- \ntermined ever since they have been in this State to take his life. The ke3\'s were thrown, \ninto the the fire by Mary. \n\nIMPROVEMENT OF BROAD WA^, COLUMBIA. \n\nPrevious to the improvement of Broadway, Columbia, in 1843, \n\n\n\n344 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nit was a very irregular and unsightly thoroughfare, and often im- \npassable on account of its deep mud. There were no sidewalks of \nbrick or of stone, and very few of plank, and in muddy weather \npedestrians had difficulty in passing from one building to another, and \ngreater difficulty in crossing Broadway, or an intersecting street. \nThe writer hereof during times of protracted rain has seen \nwagons loaded with fire wood and country produce completely stalled \nin the mud of Broadway, especially in that portion of the street em- \nbraced in the depression which then existed between Eighth and Ninth \nStreets, and in front of the Exchange National Bank and Oilman & \nDorsey\'s drug store. After the opening of the University in 1843 it \nwas determined by a few enterprising citizens, who caught much of \nthe inspiration from Dr. Wm. Jewell, chairman of the town trustees, \nthat they would remedy these evils by the establishment of foot ways \nor sidewalks on each side of Broadway from Water Street, on Flat \nBranch, to Eleventh Street, then the eastern limit of the village. \nAlso by the greater and more costly work of grading, macadamizing \nand guttering Broadway for the distance mentioned. \n\nThis enterprise, on account of its cost and the alleged high taxes \nwhich would be necessary to complete it, produced the wildest excite- \nment among a portion of the people, resulting, in some instances, in \nestrangement of personal friendships and almost violence. But Dr. \nJewell, and those who sustained him, had put their hands to the plow, \nand were determined to carry the improvements to their consumma- \ntion. And they did it, and Broadway to-day, one of the widest, \nbest improved and most beautiful streets in any of our inland towns, is \na monument to the enterprise, sagacity and intrepidity of Dr. William \nJewell. \n\nMILITIA MUSTERS. \n\nThe militia musters of the olden time, consisting of battalion and \nregimental parades at stated times and places in each county of the \nState, were occasions of great interest, and were anticipated and pre- \npared for by people of all conditions, classes and colors. They \nbrought together four times during each summer and fall the entire \nmale population, to meet each other in social converse, to witness the \nsplendid pageantry of peaceful war ; to note the evolutions of gaily \ncaparisoned horses and their plumed and uniformed riders ; to gaze \nwith patriotic pride upon the long and straggling lines of citizen sol- \ndiery attired in home-spun and armed with walking canes, umbrellas \nand corn-stalks ; to pass judgment upon the merits of braying jack- \n\n\n\nI \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 345 \n\nasses and the stump oratory of political candidates who were often on \nexhibition in close proximity to each other ; to eat ginger cakes and \ndrink sweet cider, and destroy watermelons by the score ; and late in \nthe afternoon to form part of a wide and excited ring, which circled, \nhalloed, cheering and swearing, around neighborhood bullies who, on \nall such occasions, settled their personal differences with " list and \nskull." \n\nMany and oft have been the times during the period about which \nwe write, and notably during the celebrated presidential canvass of \n1844, our citizens came together at the battalion musters at Charles \nSprinkle\'s, at Wm. Marney\'s, at Edward Young\'s and at Stephen \nWilhite\'s, at each of which, mounted on some prancing steed whose \n" neck was clothed with thunder," was to be seen the tall form of \nBrigadier Gen. Stewart B. Hatton, with red sash and golden epaulets \nand burnished sword o:leamino: in the sunlio\'ht. James Crockett, \nJesse Barnett and John W. Hall were among the colonels com- \nmanding. \n\nTHE GREAT FRESHET OF 1844. \n\nNo event, perhaps, in the history of Boone County is more marked \nthan the June freshet in the Missouri River in 1844. At no time be \nfore or since was the river ever so full. Completely without its \nbanks the low lands along the whole course of the river were over \nflowed. The town of Rocheport, in Boone County, suffered very \nseriously. The store and warehouse of Peebles & Keizers, near the \nbank, were inundated, the lower floors being covered with several feet \nof water. Water six feet deep was upon the floor of the dining room \nof Northcutt\'s Hotel, and above the counters in all the business \nhouses fronting the river \xe2\x80\x94 those of J. K. Wright & Co., Meyers & \nButler, Howlett & Bourne, etc. ^ \n\nThe steamboat "Wapello" went as far into town as the market \nhouse, with which it collided, demolishing the house. All the mer- \nchants in the place removed their goods to more elevated positions on \nCentral Street. \n\nThe town of Nashville \xe2\x80\x94 Providence was then unknown \xe2\x80\x94 was \ncompletely inundated and also the immense bottoms adjacent. \nEvery inhabitant of Nashville had to desert it. The water was eight \nfeet deep in the streets. Rice G. Woods & Co. and John Parker & \nSons, merchants, in order to save their goods, shipped them on steam- \nboats, the latter to St. Louis, the former to Teter\'s landing, up the \n\n\n\n346 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nriver. Lamme\'s warehouse was swept away, and Camplin\'s tobacco \nfactory, which stood on the river bank, caved into the river. \n\nGreat destruction of property and personal distress, and perils to \nlife and limb were occasioned in the Missouri bottom. A number of \nfamilies were rendered destitute, and relief was afforded them by \nwagon loads of provisions which more fortunate citizens contributed. \n\nOn Tuesday night, June 18, about 9 o\'clock, four citizens of Co- \nlumbia, William Lampton, Cornelius Maupin, Lewis T. Dameron and \nJohn W. Collier, left that place for Nashville for the purpose of aiding \nWoods & Co. to prepare their goods for shipment on a steamer in or- \nder to save them. North of the town there was a slough, and also \nlow lands adjacent, which, without their knowledge and contrary to \ntheir expectations, were underwater. Arriving about 3 o\'clock in the \nmorning at the edge of the water, and about one mile from the vil- \nlage, and not for a moment suspecting the water was too deep to be \nthus encountered, they rode into it on their horses, one of them with \nii lantern leading the way. They soon discovered their danger, and \nin the pitchy darkness of the night became confused, lost their way, \nand resolved to tie their horses, abandon them, and climb trees and \nremain till morning. Fortunately, the beleagured quarto reached two \nsaplings not far distant, and two ascended each of them ; and there, \namid the bowlings of the night and the terrible roar of the remorse- \nless flood, they remained perched till morning. By this time the \nwaters had so risen that thair horses could not stand ; therefore, de- \ntermined to make another effort to escape the great and singular per- \nils which threatened them and to reach the town, they descended from \nthe limbs on which they had stood the whole night, mounted their \nhorses and headed their course for dry land, about one thousand \nyards distant. After accomplishing three-fourths of the w^ay, their \nhorses gave out, and a watery grave seemed to be the fate of all. \nTwo of the men succeeded in reaching trees, the third a large floating \nlog, but the fourth, Mr. Collier, benumbed by the vapors of night \nand flood, and overcome by the dangers through which they had \npassed, and which seemed still to block their way to safety, lost all \nself-control, and was drowned. \n\nAbout 6 o\'clock that morning, the three who remained, giving the \nalarm by loud cries of distress, were relieved by Dr. William B. \nLenoir, Harry Acton and other citizens, who made their way to them \non a hastily constructed raft of planks and logs. \n\nMr. Collier\'s body was recovered the next day. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 347 \n\nThe town of Nashville having been completely submerged and \nswept away by the freshet, it was at once resolved to establish a new \ntown as a place of business for the country round about and as a ship- \nping and receiving point for Columbia: and, therefore, before the \nflood had fairly subsided, the commissioners of Providence \xe2\x80\x94 William \nShields, John H. Field and Robert S. Barr \xe2\x80\x94 advertised a sale of lots \nat a point immediately above the Nashville bottom, on a permanent \nTock bluff, and a sale of lots was made on July 13. \n\nPRESIDENTIAL ELECTION, 1844. \n\nBoone claimed to be the banner Whig county of the State, and, \n"being settled largely by Kentuckians, felt a lively interest in the suc- \ncess of Kentucky\'s great statesman and orator, Henry Clay. All \nthrough the canvass the enthusiasm was almost unbounded, and Whig \nspeakers, home and foreign, addressed the people at various times and \nplaces \xe2\x80\x94 among whom may be mentioned Abiel Leonard, of Howard ; \nLouis V. Bogy, of St. Louis ; John B. Duncan and William H. \nRussell, of Callaway ; James S. Rollins, Sinclair Kirtley, Dr. William \nJewell, A. W. Turner, F. T. Russell and W. F. Switzler, of Boone. \nClay clubs \xe2\x80\x94 some of them with \'coons and banners \xe2\x80\x94 were organized \nin every township, many of which were I\'egaled by campaign songs, \nrendered by glee clubs. On Tuesday night, October 8, in the pres- \nence of a large crowd, and near the Statesman office, a tall ash flag \npole was raised, from the top of which floated the American flag, on \nwhich occasion Col. William H. Russell and John B. Duncan, of \nCallaway, addressed the people. But this pole did not long bear \naloft its flag; and streamers, for, on the night of November 20, decisive \nreturns being received from New York, rendering Mr. Clay\'s defeat \nunquestionable, some disappointed and disgusted Whigs laid the axe \nto its base and with their hopes it fell to the ground. \n\nNor were the Democrats, friends of James K. Polk, either idle or \nlacking enthiisiasm]during the campaign. C. F. Jackson, of Howard ; \nJohn Jameson and Thomas Ancell, of Callaway, and William A. \nRobards, of Boone, met the Whig orators in debate, and added inter- \nest and excitement to the exercises of the political rostrum. \n\nMr. Clay\'s majority in the county was 588. \n\nLIQUOR PROHIBITION FORESHADOWED. \n\nIn the winter of 1845 a temperance society was organized in Colum- \n\n\n\n348 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbia, with the following officers : W. F. Switzler, president ; James H. \nWoods, first vice-president ; M. S.Matthews, second vice-president ; Dr. \nA. J. McKelway, corresponding secretary, and Lewis T. Dameron,, \nrecording secretary ; whose constitution embraced the princi- \nples of prohibition, as follows: " That we desire the General Assem- \nbly so to change the present license laws as to permit the qualified \nvoters in every township in the State to decide at the polls how many^, \nif any, grocery and dram-shop licenses shall be granted within their \nrespective townships." \n\nCOLONIZATION SOCIETIES. \n\nEarly in May, 1845, Rev. R. S. Finley, agent of the Missouri Col- \nonization Society, visited Columbia and Rocheport and addressed large \nmeetings of the people in behalf of African colonization. On May \n17th a society was organized in Columbia, a constitution adopted, and \nthe following officers elected : President, Dr. Wm. Jewell ; vice-pres- \nidents, T. M. Allen, Isaac Jones, Thos. H. Ford, Walter Prescott,. \nFielding Wilhite, Warren Woodson, A. Persinger, Eli E. Bass, Dr. \nA. H. Robinson ; secretary, Wm. F. Switzler ; treasurer, Sinclair Kirt- \nley; managers. Dr. T. R. H. Smith, Moss Prewitt, Jas. S. Rollins, \nJohn H. Lathrop, Robt. S. Thomas, Jesse A. Boulton, Dr. H. M. \nClarkson, Caleb S. Stone, A. W. Turner, W. W. Hudson, John F. \nStone, Miltonf S. Matthews. \n\nW. F. Switzler was instructed to write and publish an address in \nbehalf of colonization, and Sinclair Kirtley was invited to deliver a \nspeech to the society at its meeting on July 4, 1845. On Sunday,. \nJuly 5, 1846, this society held its annual meeting in the Christian \nChurch in Columbia, Dr. Jewell presiding. Very interesting addresses \nwere made by Dr. T. R. H. Smith, Eld. Samuel S. Church, and Col. \nS. A. Young. Eld. Thos. M. Allen was elected president for the en- \nsuing year. \n\nIn September, 1847, the following officers were elected : President, \nDr. Wm. Jewell ; vice-presidents, T. M. Allen, Isaac Jones, R. S. \nThomas, R. L. McAfee, William Wilhite, Z. N. Roberts, and A. R. \nMacey ; secretary, W. F. Switzler ; treasurer, M. S. Matthews ; \nmanagers, Dr. T. R. H. Smith, Moss Prewitt, J. S. Rollins, J. H. \nLathrop, Nelson Carter, Dr. H. M. Clarkson, D. M. Hickman, W. W. \nHudson, G. C. Pratt, J. B. Howard, Dr. Wm. Provines, and N. W. \nWilson - \n\nA society was also organized in Rocheport, May 16, 1845. Presi- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 349 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0dent, Moses U. Payne ; vice president, George Knox ; secre- \ntary, Rev. David Coulter ; treasurer, George W. Outcalt ; mana- \ngers. Dr. A. H. Robertson, Rev. Walter Prescott, \xe2\x80\x94 Caldwell, P. \nCrow, George Beeman, \xe2\x80\x94 Hewlett, and B. McAlister. Although these \nsocieties had a regular organization and existed for two or three years, \nnothing special was accomplished for African colonization. \n\nBOONE COUNTY TAXES IN 1845. \n\nThe entire taxable wealth of the coufity, in 1845, was $1,943,162 ; \nwhole number of carriages and buggies only 48 ; money at interest \nonly $119,460; total State taxes only $3,699.53. \n\nMISSOURI ANNUAL CONFERENCE. \n\nOne of the most interesting and important sessions of the Confer- \nence of the Missouri Methodist Episcopal Church ever held in the State \nconvened in the Union Church, in Columbia, on October 1, 1845 \xe2\x80\x94 \nBishop Soule presiding \xe2\x80\x94 and continued in session eleven days. The \ngreat question of separation was before the Conference and excited \nthe profoundest interest. Those who participated in the discussion \nand denied the propriety of adhering to the Church South were the \nfollowing ministers : Jas. M. Jameson, Wilson S. McMurray, Nathan- \niel Westerman and Thomas W. Chandler. Those who took the oppo- \nsite view were Andrew Monroe, Thomas Ashley, Wm. Patten, Wes- \nley Browning, Joseph Boyle and Jesse Green. The Conference, by a \nvote of 86 to 14, adhered to the Church South. Total number of \nmembers of the Methodist Church in Missouri, 26,061, of which there \nwere 23,532 whites and 2,529 colored. During the third week in \nOctober, 1845, Elder Alexander Campbell, of Bethanj\'^, Virginia, \nattended a State meeting of the Christian Church, in Columbia, and \ndelivered several sermons to large audiences. On Sunday, October \n19, so great was the concourse present that the meeting was held in a \ngrove east of town, very near the spot on which the residence of \nJames L. Stephens now stands, where Mr. Campbell addressed \nseveral thousand people in a very able and scholarly discourse. \n\n/ THE NEW COURT HOySE. \n\nOn the 2d Monday in December, 1845, the Boone County Court, \nconsisting of Judges Alexander Persinger, James W. Daly, and \nGilpin S. Tuttle, resolved on building a new court house, and made \n\n\n\n350 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nan order appropriating\' $10,000 for that purpose and appointed Dr. \nWm. Jewell superintendent of the work. \n\nThe work. was entered upon in due time and the house completed \nand delivered November 22, 1847, by the following contractors; \nLarkin Eichaidson, undertaker of the stone work; Henry Keene, of \nthe brick work ; B. McAlester, of the carpenter\'s work, and Roily \nAsberry, of the plastering. The entire cost of the building was \n$17,165, and was at the time regarded as the best, largest and most \nmagnificent court-house in Central Missouri. Since that time, however, \nit has been far eclipsed by the court houses of almost every other \ncounty in this part of the State. \n\nAbove the front door there is a plate inserted . in the wall on \nwhich are these words : (W. M. Winter, architect ;^) "L. Richardson, \nH. Keene, and B. McAlester, builders; Wm. Jewell, superintend- \nent." Below this plate on the stone lintel of the front door is the \nfollowing inscription : " Oh Justice ! when expelled from other hab- \nitations make this thy dwelling place ! " \n\n"~* THE MEXICAN WAR. \n\n" Switzler\'s History of Missouri " says that the annexation of Texas \nwas the alleged cause of the declaration of war by Mexico against the \nUnited States in April, 1846 ; but the more immediate cause of it was \nthe occupation by the American army of the disputed territory lying \nbetween the rivers Nueces and Rio Grande. \n\nThe declaration of war by Mexico was soon followed by a counter- \ndeclaration by the American Congress, that \'"\xe2\x96\xa0 a state of war exists be- \ntween Mexico and the United States." Soon after this counter- \ndeclaration, the Mexicans crossed the Rio Grande in strong forces, \nheaded by their ftimous Generals Arista and Ampudia, and on the \n8th and 9th of May, at Palo Alto and Resaca de Palma, were met \nand repulsed with great slaughter by General Taylor, of the " Army \nof Occupation." This fact created great excitement in St. Louis and \nthe surrounding country. Volunteers flocked to the standard of the \nUnited States, and the " St. Louis Legion," a military organization \nunder command of Colonel A. R. Eastou, quickly prepared for the \nfield of action. \n\nAbout the middle of May, 1846, Governor Edwards, of Missouri^ \ncalled for volunteers to join the "Army of the West " \xe2\x80\x94 an expedition \n\n\n\n^ The words in parenthesis originally appeared, but were erased by order of Dr. Wm. \nJewell. \n\n\n\nHI15.TORY or BOONE COUNTY. 351 \n\nto Santa Fe \xe2\x80\x94 under command of General Stephen W. Kearney. \nCorps of mounted volunteers were speedily organized, and early in \nJune began to arrive at Fort Leavenworth, the appointed rendezvous. \nB}^ the 18th of the month, the full complement of companies to com- \npose the first regiment having arrived from the counties of Jackson, \nLafayette, Clay, Saline, Franklin, Cole, Howard, and Callaway, an \nelection was held, which resulted in the choice of Alexander W. Doni- \nphan, Colonel ; C. F. Ruff, Lieutenant-Colonel ; and William Gil- \npin, Major. \n\nHalf-a-dozen men, among whom were Odon Guitar and John M. \nRobards, were from Boone county in the Callaway county company of \nDoniphan\'s regiment. They enlisted on three hours\' notice as the \ncompany was marching through Columbia to Fort Leavenworth. \n\nEarly in the summer of 1846, Hon. Sterling Price, a member of \nCongress from Missouri, resigned, and was designated by President \nPolk to command another regiment of volunteers from Missouri, to \nreinforce the "Army of the West." This force consisted of a full \nmounted regiment and one mounted extra battalion and one extra \nbattalion of Mormon infantry. The complement of men was soon \nraised, consisting of companies from the counties of Boone, Benton, \nCarroll, Chariton, Linn, Livingston, Monroe, Randolph, Ste. Gene- \nvieve and St. Louis ; and about the first of August rendezvoused at \nFort Leavenworth. \n\nWith this force Colonel Price took up the line of march for Santa \nFe, over the same route pursued by Kearney and Doniphan, and on \nSeptember 28th, three days after Gen. Kearney\'s departure for Cali- \nfornia, arrived in very feeble health. \n\nIn May, 1846, John Ellis, Major-General of the 12th Division, \nMissouri Militia, received orders dated May 14, requesting him to \nraise without delay in the counties of Boone and Callaway, 100 volun- \nteers of infantry or riflemen for the reinforcement of the "Army of \nOccupation" in Texas. On Monday, May 25, four battalions of \nmilitia, by order of Gen. Ellis paraded in Columbia for the purpose of \nresponding to the requisition of the Governor for fifty volunteers from \nthis county to repair forthwith to the seat of war in Texas. More \nthan the number required (58 men) soon marched into line, with \nhearts animated by the love of country, and ready to hasten to the \nfield of battle, whence the blood of their countrymen cried out from \nthe ground. As soon as the company was formed, an election of \nofficers was held. The following is the roll of officers and privates: \n\n\n\n352 HISTORY OF BOONE COUFTY. \n\nCaptain \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. Robards, Sr. Fourth Sergeant \xe2\x80\x94 Jno. W. Carter. \n\nFirst Lieutenant \xe2\x80\x94 Alex. L. Robinson. First Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 J. P. Fleming. \n\nSecond Lieutenant \xe2\x80\x94 Elijah A. Willis. Second Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 J. B. Phillips. \n\nOrderly Sergeant \xe2\x80\x94 Jno. M. Robards, Third Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 J. B. Ridgway. \n\nSecond Sergeant^ \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. E. Wright. Fourth Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 Joseph Turner. \n\nThird Sergeant \xe2\x80\x94 Arthur Callaham. \nPrivates \xe2\x80\x94 John Atha, J. W. Boggs, David Boothe, Carr Boothe, Edward Boothe, David \nBishop, Archibald Brooks, Larkin Bennett, Alex. Casaday, David Coover, Felix Callahan, \nJoel Farthing, Henry M. Henry, Levi Heme, Wm. T. Hancock, Enoch Hulin, Ambrose \nHulin, George W. Johnston, Squire Hart, Charles Hart, Granville Hornsinger, J. D. \nHouston, Clark Kennon, Thomas J. Kitchen, Joshua Lampton, Lafayette Lewis, Enoch \nMurdock, Levil Merry, James F. Mills, Isaac B. Munday, Wm. O\'Connor, George Oliver, \nEldridge Payne, James R. Pigg, John Simpson, Wm. Smith, R. Stone, Robert Scott, W. \nW. Schooling, Joseph Turner, James Turner, Jos. Vinson, Francis M. Wells, Wm. Wilhite, \nJ. M. Wright, Barnett Williams. \n\nThe election of officers being over, the company marched from the \ngrove to Selby\'s Plotel and partook of a sumptuous dinner, given \nthem by the citizens. \n\nWhilst the militia were on parade Capt. John Hinton, of Roche- \nport, now Probate Judge of Boone county, made a speech, in which \nhe announced his intention to organize, in this county, one hundred \nmounted volunteers, in anticipation of the requisition of the Governor \nfor 1,000 troops from the State to j)rotect the Santa Fe traders. \nNumbers \xe2\x80\x94 exactly how many we do not know \xe2\x80\x94 gallantly responded \nto the call of Capt. Hinton. \n\nIt was announced that Gen. John Ellis (as captain) and Col. James \nCrocket (as lieutenant) would lead one hundred men to the plains, if \ntheir services be needed, as flying artillery. The whole number was \nsoon made up. Some twenty-five were also added to a uniform volun- \nteer company, organized in the summer of 1844, under Capt. Joseph \nPersinger, who held themselves in readiness to march to the plains for \nthe protection of the traders to Santa Fe. \n\nCapt. William Eobards\' company, raised for the purpose of march- \ning to the seat of war in Texas, never received marching orders, and \ntherefore were never in active service. \n\n" BOONE GUARDS " CAPT. m\'mILLAN\'s COMPANY. \n\nIn July, 1846, Samuel H. McMillan, of Columbia, raised a company \nof mounted volunteers to join Col. Sterling Price\'s regiment, to rein- \nforce the "Army of the West." The number of troops ordered from \nBoone County for this service was seventy-four, but eighty-three were \nraised, some of them volunteering from Boone and some from other \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 353 \n\ncounties. The following is a complete roster of the officers and \nprivates of Capt. McMillan\'s company : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCaptain \xe2\x80\x94 Samuel H. McMillan. Third Sergeant \xe2\x80\x94 James R. McDaniel. \n\nFirst Lieutenant \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. B. Royall. Fourth Sergeant \xe2\x80\x94 James A. Turner. \n\nSecond Lieutenant \xe2\x80\x94 Eobt. B. Todd. First Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 Sherrod Faddis. \n\nThird Lieutenant \xe2\x80\x94 Geo. E. Lackland. Second Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 E. Murdock. \n\nFirst Sergeant \xe2\x80\x94 F. B. Webb, of St. Louis. Third Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 John Leopard. \n\nSecond Sergeant \xe2\x80\x94 Samuel H. Teeter. Fourth Corporal \xe2\x80\x94 Robt. T. Slate. \n\nPrivates (from Boone County) \xe2\x80\x94 Thos. K. McCutchen, David Bishop, G-. W. Casteel, \n"Wm. W. Curtis, John W. Carter, Thos. G. Duncan, H. P. Dunham, Enoch Dooley, Milton \nDooley, David Ford, Michael Fallon, William A. Gentry, C. Houston, J. C. Houston, Gran- \nYiUq Housinger, Squire T. Hart, Tyre G. Harris, Geo. W. Johnson, F. M. Wells, Tyre H. \nMartin, G. W. Nichols, L. M. Nash, B. T. Orear, Richard Philips, Q. Peacher, Jas. B. Reed, \nIsaiah Ramsey, Radford Stone, John Speaks, James Wry, John M. Hickman ; from Howard \nCounty, Milton Arnold, Matthew Arnold, M. M. Basey, James Campbell, Rich. Fristoe, La- \nfayette Head, R. A. Layton, Samuel Shacklett; from Buchanan County, John Browning, \n\xe2\x80\xa2Caleb Church, M. D., Wm. Ducoing, Henry Evers, E. S. Gale, M. D., M. Ward, T. D. \nWheeton, Robt. Hewete, Asa Rupe,B. Wiley; from Platte County, S. Blount, H. Pender, \n^. Hyde, T. S. Harris, G. W. Harris, W. A. Shackleford ; from Callaway County, Elijah \n.Bennett, J. D. Burgess ; from Fort Leavenworth, Henry Bodie ; from Saline, Robert Carson ; \n\xe2\x82\xacrom Benton, T. H. Coats, W. C. Coats, G. W. Howser, T. H. Jeffries ; from Jackson, A. C. \nDunlap; from Johnson, William H.Mars; from Atchison, A. P. Rouse, J. Rouse; from \n.Holt, J. Rugh ; from Lafayette, T. C. White. \n\nOn Monday, July 20, 1846, this company took up the line of march \nfor Fort Leavenworth, and encamped for the night on the Perche, \nfive miles west of town. Previous to their leaving they were formed \nin line, mounted, in front of the residence of Moss Prewitt \xe2\x80\x94 now the \nresidence of Dr. G. W. Riggins \xe2\x80\x94 in the presence of a large con- \ncourse of citizens of both sexes, for the purpose of receiving a flag \nfrom the ladies of Columbia. This flag was a splendid silken streamer, \nbearing the stars and stripes; on one side in large letters "Boone \nGuards" and stars representing the States of the Union; on the \nother an American eagle with arrows and an olive branch in its talons, \nand thirteen stars, typical of the thirteen original States, together \nwith the mottoes : " Onward " \xe2\x80\x94 " We conquer but to save." The \nyoung ladies who made the flag surrounded Col. Samuel A. Young, \nwho, in their behalf, presented it in a speech. Robert B. Todd, Sec- \nond Lieutenant, accepted the flag in a speech. Mr. Todd is now one \nof the Judges of the Supreme Court of Louisiana, and a son of the \nlate Judge David Todd. \n\nDuring the stay of the company at Santa Fe, the following privates \nfrom Boone died : Sam. Teters, William Curtis and John C. Huston. \n\nThomas W. Sampson, who had been elected Second Lieutenant of \n\xe2\x96\xa0Capt. John Hinton\'s company, Avhose services were not needed, and \n23 \n\n\n\n354 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwhich therefore was never mustered, followed Capt. McMillan\'s com- \npany to Fort Leavenworth, where he entered the quartermaster\'s \ndepartment, under Col, Ogden, and remained in it till the close of the \nwar, being discharged in New Orleans. \n\nOn July 22, 1847, a public dinner was tendered the \nMexican war volunteers from Boone and Howard, in Roche- \nport\xe2\x80\x94 President, George Knox ; Vice-President, Philip Crow ; Secre- \ntary, James A. Hill. Colonel Samuel A. Young, of Columbia, was \nthe orator of the day, to whose speech appropriate responses were \nmade by Jno. Hinton, of Rocheport, and J. S. Fleming, of Columbia.. \nThe citizens of Columbia being a little tardy in demonstrations of re- \nspect for the gallant services of the Boone County volunteers in the \nMexican war, some of them held a meeting, the published proceedings \nof which were very ironical, as follows : \n\n[From the Columbia Statesman of August 13, 1847.] \n\nA MEETING \n\nWas held by the returned volunteers of Boone Countj\'\' on Saturday, the 7th instant, when,, \non motion, Lieut. E. B. Todd was called to the chair, and Odon Guitar appointed secretary. \nThe chairman, being called on, briefly stated the object of the meeting, after which the fol- \nlowing resolutions were offered and unanimously adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. Resolved, That we, the volunteers of Boone County, tender to our friends SLnd fellow- \ncitizens of Columbia and its vicinity our grateful acknowledgments for the kind reception \nand genei^ous welcome with which we have been met on our return home ; the remembrance \nof the toils and hardships which we have undergone, of the difficulties and dangers which \nwe have encountered, are lost and forgotten, and we reap in the grateful affections of o\\xv fel- \nlow-citizens an ample reward for All. \n\n2. Resolved, Therefore, That we make a public manifestation of our gratitude by giving \na public supper at Trumpler\'s Saloon on Thursday evening, the 19th instant; and as it \nwould be almost impossible to give every one a private invitation, we resort to this public \nmethod, and would therefore respectfully solicit the attendance of our friends and fellow- \ncitizens of Columbia and its vicinity, and especially the presence of the ladies. \n\nSuitable and appropriate toasts will be prepared for the occasion. \nPublished by order of the Committee of Arrangements. \nOn motion, the meeting adjourned. \n\nEGBERT B. TGDD, Chairman. \nGdon Guitar, Secretary. \n\nThe l)iting sarcasm of these proceedings quickened the public appre- \nciation of the gallant services of the "Boone Volunteers" in the "Army \nof the West," but as Capt. McMillan and a large number of his sol- \ndiers did not return until September 22 (after an absence of about \nfourteen months), nothino^ was done to testifv the general gratitude \nand ai)i)reciation of the people. Three days after their return, how- \never (September 25), a public meeting was held in the court-house in \nColumbia \xe2\x80\x94 S. A. Young, chairman ; M. G. Singleton, secretary \xe2\x80\x94 at \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 355 \n\nwhich measures were adopted to tender the vohiiiteers a public dinner \nin a beautiful grove west of the University, on Saturday, October 9. \nOn that day and in this form, a hearty, thrice-hearty welcome was \ntendered the " Boone Volunteers," who had encountered the perils of \nwar and endured the privations of camp and march. Escorted to the \ngrounds by Gen. Joseph Persinger\'s troop of horse (these and the \nprocession being under the orders of the marshal of the day, David \nM. Hickman), the volunteers took position in front of the speaker\'s \nstand, and were addressed by Dr. John K. Atkinson. James P. Flem- \ning, who did gallant services at Bracito and Sacramento, re- \nsponded. \n\nW. B. Royall, second lieutenant, has been in the United States army \never since, and is now lieutenant-colonel of the Third Cavalry, U. S. \nA. (See subsequent pages of this history.) \n\nSTATE LUNATIC ASYLUM. \n\nIn February, 1847, the Legislature passed an act providing for the \nlocation of an asylum for the insane in one of the following central \ncounties : Boone, Callaway, Cole, Moniteau, Cooper, Saline, Chariton \nand Howard. The following gentlemen were elected commissioners: \nJames M. Hughes, of Clay ; J. W. McElhiney, of St. Charles ; Robert \nE. Acock, of Polk, whose duty it was to meet on the first Monday \nin April ensuing, and proceed to the several counties to which \nthe location was confined, examine their advantages and receive \ntheir donations, and then locate the institution. Boone and Calla- \nway were the only counties which manifested any especial solicitnde \non the subject. Cole proposing only a donation of 100 acres of land \nand Cooper only $900 in cash. The commission met at Booneville \n\non Tuesday, 14, 1847, and decided to locate the asylum \n\nat Fnlton, Callaway county having subsidized the largest sum in \nmoney and land. Callaway\'s subscription: Cash, $11,494; land, \n500 acres ($3,000); total, $14,494. Boone\'s subscription: Cash,. \n$10,212. \n\nThis was a sore defeat to the people of Boone County \xe2\x80\x94 to them \nand their posterity an irretrievable loss. It was a great victory for \nthe people of Callaway, and one Avhich in every respect is priceless. \nBoone, for the lack of less than $5,000, lost a State institution whose \nfinancial advantages, added to those accruing from the University^ \nwould have been worth millions. But the people of Boone County at \nthe time this struggle was made had not fairly recovered from the \n\n\n\n356 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nburden of the $117,000 subscribed a few years before to secure the \nUniversity. Hence their failure to secure the Lunatic Asylum. \n\n"THE GLOBE," THE FIRST DEMOCRATIC PAPER IN BOONE. \n\nOn the 22d April, 1847, the first number of the Columbia Globe \xe2\x80\x94 \nWilliam A. Verbryke, publisher; Thomas P. Giles, editor \xe2\x80\x94 was \nissued in Columbia. This was the first Democratic newspaper pub- \nlished in Boone County. \n\nRELIGIOUS REVIVALS. \n\nIn December, 1847, Kev. Dr. NathanH. Hall, of Lexmgton, Ky., \ncommenced a series of revival meetings in the Presbyterian Church in \nColumbia, and soon after a series of meetings were commenced in the \nChristian Church by Elders T. M. Allen and Marcus Wills, of Boone \nCounty, and Elder Henry Thomas, of Monroe. Both contmued with \ngreat interest for several weeks. \n\nSONS OF TEMPERANCE CELEBRATION. \n\nOn Wednesday, August 23, 1848, the Sons of Temperance of Co- \nlumbia, joined by numerous representatives from neighboring counties, \nhad a grand celebration and Bible presentation in Columbia. At three \no\'clock p. M., a procession was formed under the superintendence of \nM. S. Matthews and William C. Shields, marshals of the day. The \nmembers of the Masonic fraternity participated in the ceremonies of \nthe occasion, turned out in large numbers, and, attired in the regalia \nof their order were assigned the front rank in the procession. Al- \nthough Rockwell\'s circus was performing at the same hour, the chapel \nof the University where the banner presentation occurred was filled to \nits utmost capacity, there being present the largest assembly ever \ncongregated in the building. W. F. Switzler, Worthy Patriarch and \nF. Nutt, Worthy Associate, presiding. Prayer by Rev. Mr. Roberts, \nof Methodist Church, after which Mrs. Margaret Prewitt and Francis \nA. Provines were introduced, who, on behalf of the young ladies of \nColumbia, and in beautiful and appropriate addresses, presented an ele- \ngant banner (painted by Col. S. A. Young) to the Boone Division. \nWilliam Bentley responded. \n\nMrs. Ann Eliza Bryan was then introduced, who, in the name of \nthe married ladies of Columbia, and in an address commendable for \nthe richness and beauty of its language and chasteness of its senti- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 357 \n\nments, -presented the division the chart of life here and hereafter, \nGod\'s best gift to man \xe2\x80\x94 the Bible. \n\nMr. George C Pratt receiving the Bible on behalf of the order re- \nsponded. \n\nThese ceremonies over, Mr. John F. Williams (now insurance com- \nmissioner) proceeded to address the assembled concourse in exposition \nand defence of the nature and objects of the Sons of Temperance. \n\nThe benediction was then pronounced by Rev. Mr. Hart, of the \nPresb3^terian Church, and the exercises closed. \n\nA ROBBERY. \n\nOn Monday night, August 28, 1848, the residence of Lewis Hume, \nnear Providence, was entered, and a small hair trunk containing $500 \nor $600, principally in gold and silver, was stolen. Mr. Hume and \nfamily were in the house at the time and, hearing the noise made by \nthe robber as he left the room, Mr. Hume made pursuit but with \nno success. \n\nGENERAL TAYLOR ELECTED COLUMBIA IN A BLAZE. \n\nOn Monday night, November 20, 1848 the Whigs of Columbia cele- \nbrated the election of Geneial Taylor to the Presidency by a general \nillumination, displays of torches and transparencies and a monster \nmeeting at the Court House, which was addressed by S. A. Young, J. \nS. Rollins and W. F. Switzler. \n\nCOLUMBIA FEMALE COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE. \n\nIn November and December, 1849, new and remarkable interest \nsprang up in Columbia on the subject of establishing a Collegiate In- \nstitute in that place for the education of young ladies. It originated \nin a proposition made by Samuel Hatch and H. H. White, of Har- \nrodsburg, Ky., to remove to Columbia, and, on certain conditions, to \ntake charge of a Female College of the highest grade. Dr. Hatch \nwas present and attended all the meetings held on the subject, which \nwere numerous, and by intercourse with our people and explanations \nof his designs, excited great interest on tjie subject. Several public \nmeetings were had, whose deliberations were participated in by Dr. \nWm. Jewell, Warren Woodson, Moss Prewitt, Jas. S. Rollins, R. L. \nTodd, James B. Boyce, Eld. T. M. Allen, S. A. Young, Eld. D. P. \nHenderson, R. S. Thomas, R. C. Branham, Dr. T. R. H. Smith, W. \n\n\n\n358 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nW. Hudson, A. W. Turner, Eld. S. S. Church, A. O. Forshey, W. \nr. Switzler and others. \n\nThe several meetings resulted in the report of two plans from a se- \nlect committee, widely different from each other, these differences \nfinally resulting in an adjournment sine die of the last meeting, and \nan apparent abandonment of the whole scheme. It was not, how- \never, fruitless of results, for, out of the deliberations and discussions, \nChristian Female College and Stephens (Baptist) Female College \nwere evolved. \n\nTHE BIG SLEET. \n\nIn December, 1848, a sleet occurred which had no parallel in the \nhistory of the country. Trees, even of the largest class, were almost \nliterally stripped of branches, rendering the roads in many places \nimpassable. Trees without number were borne to the ground and \nbroken off by the insupportable mass of ice upon them. Shade and \nornamental trees were greatly damaged and many orchards were \nruined. \n\nCALIFORNIA GOLD FEVER. \n\nThe discovery of gold in California in 1849 greatly excited the peo- \nple all over the West, and of course the people of Boone county \ncaught the infection. Early in the spring of that year, but larger \nnumbers of them during 1850, abandoned their homes and business \xe2\x80\x94 \nsome of them, alas ! never to return \xe2\x80\x94 for the gold fields of the new \nEldorado. During the month of April the emigrants from this \ncounty took up the line of march in wagons and on horseback for \ntheir toilsome journey to the Pacific. So far as we have been able to \nlearn, the following are their names : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nFrancis T. Russell, R. E. Lusk, Dan\'l Grosse, Jerre Orear, Dr. \nW. B. Lenoir, M. Boyle, Thos. A. Russell, David Guitar, Wm. T. \nRussell, John Chadwick, Wm. B. Royall, T. A. Garth, Samuel Ken- \nnon, A. N. Wilhite, Madison D. Stone, Eli Pulliara, Lawrence Roch- \nford. Rev. Francis Hart, John W. Carter, M. P. Wills, Jr., G. W. \nNichols, James M. Wilcox, W. J. Hitt, Nathaniel Torbitt, W. G. \n\nTuttle, Elliott, A. E. West, Arch. Goin, W. H. Stone, Samuel \n\nR. Tuttle, Thos. A. Sims, Hugh T. Plant, Jas. B. Furnish, James M. \nWright, David R. Doyle, Dr. John B. Isbell, G. L. Russell, John M. \nWillis, Moss P. Fofte, Thomas Orear, John Scott, Chas. R. Thomas, \n\nHarris, Samuel D. Lamme, Andrew Trumbaugh, Benj. T. \n\nOrear, Lemuel Noble, Thos. J, O\'Neal, Wm. Bentley, John H. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 359 \n\nBryan, T. W. Sampson, James P. Fleming, George Winn, E. A. \n\nAVills, David Crockett, Redmond, Wra. Y. Hitt, Marion Lowry, \n\nThos. B. Hitt, Amos Marney, Sr., Amos Marney, Jr., James Pollard, \n\nMartin Oldham, William Goin, Edwin Curd, Taylor, Joseph \n\nDoyle, Wm. Spiers, James Wiseman, Jr., Wm. Whitley, Joshua Mar- \ntin, Elijah Stephens, Price P. Taffe, Campbell St. John, Geo. W. \n\nScott, Larkin Richardson, Harrel, William Broaddus, John \n\nStemmons, James Turner, H. Wheeler, Powhatan Woodson, Samuel \nBentley, Marcus Pollard, James Hill, Julius Dunn, James Winn, \nMarion Richardson, Dr. Wm. Schooling, Jeptha Baker, Thomas Cald- \nwell, R. E. Scott, William Moade, Thomas Turner, Johnson Osborn, \nAlexander Black, Barney Woods, Mr. Hayden, Henry Stemmons, M. \nStemmons, J. Stemmons, Jr., John S. Wilhite, Wm. F. Wilhite, \nLewis H. Harl, Willis March, Andrew N. Wilhite, G. F. Wilhite, Jas. \nF. Wilhite, Jas. A. McQuitty, S. S. Eliott,William Wilhite ( son of Joel \nWilhite), Smith Wilhite, Mr. Grant, T. Baker, Wm. Dunn, J. J. Winn, \nH. Hulen, Mr. McGhee, Harrison Booth, Edward Booth, David \nBooth, Elijah Booth, Jr., Mr. Timbeilake, Wm. Gaw, Milton Ogen, \nGreen Hays, James Lowry, Jr., Mr. Parsons (of Rocheport), Garland \nHarris, Jonathan Barton, Sr., Jonathan Barton, Jr., John Barton, \nJoshua Barton, Robert Barton, Fleming Hatten, Henry H. Wilker- \nson, John Corlew, Wm Corlew, Bartlett Gentry. \n\nDoubtless there were many others, but we have not been able to ob- \ntain their names. \n\n\n\n360 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER IX. \n\nFROM 1850 TO 1860. \n\nCalifornia Gold Fever, Continued \xe2\x80\x94 Hickman\'s Ferry across the North Platte \xe2\x80\x94 List of Cali- \nfornia Emigrants \xe2\x80\x94 An untimely Snow \xe2\x80\x94 Explosion in J. L. Stephens\' Store \xe2\x80\x94 Plank Koad \nfrom Columbia to Providence \xe2\x80\x94 Exports of Eocheport in 1851 \xe2\x80\x94 Fat Bullocks \xe2\x80\x94 Monroe \nand Boone Counties Contesting \xe2\x80\x94 North Missouri Kailroad \xe2\x80\x94 The Subscription of Boone \nCounty \xe2\x80\x94 What a Mistake Cost Callaway and Howard \xe2\x80\x94 Daring Attempt at Rape \xe2\x80\x94 Negro- \nHung by a Mob \xe2\x80\x94 One Student of the University Kills another \xe2\x80\x94 The Drought of 1854 \xe2\x80\x94 \nSelby\'s new Hotel \xe2\x80\x94 Monster Kansas Meeting \xe2\x80\x94 Premonitions of the coming Storm \xe2\x80\x94 E. \nK. Klampus Vietus \xe2\x80\x94Thespian Hall Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 New County Jail \xe2\x80\x94 Daily Mail to Jeffer- \nson City \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County Troops for Kansas \xe2\x80\x94 Trial, Conviction and Execution of John \nChapman for Murder \xe2\x80\x94 R. C. Branham Lost in Galveston Bay \xe2\x80\x94 Joe Robinson, aNegro \nMan, Executed for the Murder of James T. Points \xe2\x80\x94 Drunken Riot in Eocheport \xe2\x80\x94 Citi- \nzens\' Meeting \xe2\x80\x94 Soldiers of the War of 1812 in Boone \xe2\x80\x94 County Clerk\'s Safe Blown \nOpen \xe2\x80\x94 Largest Taxpayers in 1858 and 1881 \xe2\x80\x94 Columbia Library Association \xe2\x80\x94 Prices of \nNegroes Hired and Sold in 1859 \xe2\x80\x94 Town Clock. \n\nELECTION RETURNS FROM 1850 TO 1860. \n* Those thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nAUGUST lOTH, 1850. \n\nKBPRBSBNTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n*JohnG. Miller.. 919 I John Miller 106 \n\nJames S. Green. 586 | \n\nSENATOR. \n\n*Sam\'l A.Young. 719 1 Jas. M. Gordon... 827 \nTotal .1,546 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Absalom Hicks 900 1 *L. W. Robinson 906 \n*S. B. Hatton. ... 894 A. O. Forshey . .. 824 \nN.W. McClelland 361 | L. D. Tipton. .. . 115 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*J. B. Douglass.. 791 1 James Arnold. . . 460 \nCaleb Fenton.... 342 | \n\nTotal 1,598 \n\nAUGUST 2d, 1852. \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\nJas. Winston.. ..1,145 | *Sterling Price.. 694 \nTotal 1,841 \n\nLIEUT. - GOVERNOR. \n\nAndrew King... 1,139 | *Wilson Brown.. 683 \nTotal 1,821 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n*Jno. G. Miller. .1,154 | Jas. S. Green 706 \n\nTotal 1,860 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\n\n*Jas. M.Gordon.1,118 \n\xe2\x99\xa6Stephen Wil- \n\nhite 978 \n\nDr. McClelland.. 537 \n\n\n\n*D. H. Hickman.1,079 \nL.W Robinson.. 880 \nS. \\V. Hatton.... 671 \n\n\n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*J. B. Douglass. .1,543 | \n\nAUGUST 9th, 1854. \nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6Gilchrist For- I Tully R. Cornick 917 \n\nter 1,217 1 \n\nTotal 2,134 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n*Jas. S. Rollin8..1,175 |*Odon Guitar 1,182 \n\nP. H. McBride.. 934 | A. O. Forshey.... 931 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\nJohn M. Samuel. 621 I Geo. L. Hickam. 531 \n\xe2\x99\xa6Jeremiah Orear 666 | Zadoc Riggs 376 \n\nTotal 2,195 \n\nAUGUST 4th, 1856. \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n\xe2\x99\xa6T. L. Anderson.1,220 | B. F. Richmond.. 997 \nTotal 2,217 \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\nRobt. C. Ewing. .1,198 1 *TrustenPolk.... 982 \nThos. Benton.... 85 | \n\nTotal ; 2,263 \n\nLIEUT. - GOVERNOR. \n\nWm.Newland... 1,213 [\xe2\x99\xa6Han cock Jackson 995 \nJohnW. Kelly.. 42 | \n\nTotal 2,250 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n361 \n\n\n\nELECTION RETURNS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nSENATOR. \nJno. W.Henry.. .1,189 | *L. W. Robinson.1,029 \nTotal 2,218 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n*Wm.F.Switzler.l,157 I *J. B. Douglass.. 1,196 \nL. B. Searcy 1,064 | Geo. W. Miller.. .1,039 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*J e r e m i a h I Stephen Petty.. .1,016 \n\nOrear 1,214 | \n\nTotal 2,233 \n\n\n\nAUGUST 5TH, 1858. \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n*T.L. Anderson.1,356 | J.B.Henderson 481 \nTotal 1,837 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n*Odon Guitar.... 1,265 I *James Harris.. 1,262 \nA. G. Newman.. .1,238 | Jas. R. Sliields. .1,085 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*J. M. Samuel... 1,565 | James W. Ryan... 860 \nTotal 2,225 \n\n\n\n1850 \xe2\x80\x94 Population of Boone County 14,979. \n\nIncreased and remarkable interest was felt during the spring of \n1850 in the California gold mines, and the emigration to that country \nfrom Boone and other counties in Missouri was one of the marvel- \nlous events of the period. Nothing else was thought or talked of, \nand all classes and conditions of the people were excited by hopes of \nobtaining sudden riches in the newly discovered mines. Thousands \nand tens of thousands of the people of Missouri, and at least a half- \nthousand from Boone County, crossed the plains, with the expectation \nof reaping, with little trouble and little labor, a rich harvest on the \ngolden shores of the Pacific. \n\nThe large emigration developed a new enterprise, namely, the es- \ntablishment of a ferry across the North Platte Eiver. For this pur- \npose David H. Hickman & Co., of this county, with teams, wagons \nand laborers, went to the North Platte, 730 miles from St. Joseph ; \nand at large expense, built ferry boats, capable of transporting across \nthat stream the immense caravans whose point of destination was the \ngold mines of California. It was pecuniarily a hazardous undertaking, \nbut Hickman & Co. made more money out of it than three-fourths \nof the emigrants realized from the gold mines. They crossed several \nhundred teams each day, at $7.50 per team. \n\n\n\nCALIFORNIA EMIGRANTS. \n\nThe following list, alpabetically arranged, embraces the names, as \nfar as known to us, of all the Boone County emigrants to California \nin 1850. No doubt there were others whose names we were unable \nto obtain : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nA. \xe2\x80\x94 H. C. Anderson, James Austin, Dr. John M. Angel, John Armstrong, Cain Acton, \nJames Atkinson, Henry Asberry. \n\n\n\nS62 HISTORY OP BOONE COUNTY. "^" \n\nB. \xe2\x80\x94 Sam\'l W. Berry, Mac Brink, Wtn. T. Berry, Thos. Barns, Benj. Barns, Hubbard \nBarns, George Bradford, Jas. J. Boyce, Stephen Bedford, Jr., W. C. Bugg, Dr. James H. \nBennett, Geo. Bright, R. E. Bondurant, Wm. H. Booker, Jesse Bugg, Franklin Burnett, \nJohn M. Black, Madison Bradley, Dr. J. L. Buster, Lee Burruss, Nimrod Bishop, John \nBarkwell, Dr. John Baley, Robt. Baley, Wm. Breyman, Jos, G. Berry, John Bysfield, Wm. \nBeazley, Jefferson Bentley, Elijah Brink, Lawrence Bass, Albert Barnett, John Booth, \nPeter Booth, Carr Booth, James Benedict, Greenbery Baker, L. G. Berry, R. C. F. Boyce, \n"Wm. B. Bast, Elijah Byers, George Boon, Abram Barns, Jacob T. Bruner, Robert Bur- \nnett, James Bell, William Brown. \n\nC. \xe2\x80\x94 T. H. Cox, Montgomery Cowden, Richard Carter, W. A. Carter, Mac Culbert, John \nCarlisle, Wm. Clarkson, John Clarkson, James T, and Sanford Connerly, Thomas Cald- \nwell, Nelson Carter, John Corbitt, Ogel, Charles and Wm. Campbell, Merit Cave, Dudley \n\nand Franklin Clark, Wm. Carpenter, Thomas Chandler, Chapman, A. J. Challass, \n\nMilton Crews, Clatweller, Sam\'l and James Caldwell, Dr. W. F. Cartmill, H. R. C. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0Cowden, Coons, W. H. Crosswhite, Elza Coats, Nath. Cromwell, Jas. Crosswhite. \n\nD. \xe2\x80\x94 John Dickinson, Dooley, Alex. Duncan, Martin Duncan, J. M. Doneghee, \n\nJames M. Downey, Sindney Dunham, M. Durnhill, Henry Douglass, S. M. Dulej\'. \n\nE. \xe2\x80\x94 James Eastin, Green Edwards, Moss Easley, Wm. Evans, A. Evans, Thos. \nEvans, John Ewing, George Elliot. \n\nF. \xe2\x80\x94 James Fulkerson, Andrew Fenton, W. H. Fawcett, Thos. Farthing, John Fortner, \nWary Fortner, Charles Finley, Columbus Finley, Sherrad Faddis, Wiley Ferguson, Joseph \nFowler. \n\nG. \xe2\x80\x94 James Grant, John M.Gordon, Wm. J. Gordon, Henry Gatewood, Odon Guitar, \nReuben Gosling, Robert Galloway, James and Sidney Gentry, Joseph Graves, W. H. Gar- \nrett, David Gordon (son of G. W. Gordon), James Gibson. \n\nH. \xe2\x80\x94 Thomas, David, William and James Hulen, B. B. Hunter, Levi Hern, S. Hart, \n\xe2\x96\xa0Cicero Houston, John Hall, Geo. Hersh, Dr. Thos. J. Hardin, Robt. Hamilton, Staunton \nHume, L. B. Hunt, Durret Hubbard, John Hubbard, Wm. Hickam, John Hadden, James \nHern, Harrison Hawkins, J. Harvey Hill, Birch Hunt, Hensley Hudson, John Harris, John \nand Sidney Hopper, Thos. Hancock, Rice and Madison Hern, Geo. Hickam, William \nHolmes, M. N. Heaston, Geo. Hubbard, Ambrose Hulen, Harvey Haun, R. Hudson, C. \n\nHatten, Wm. Hughes, James Hesser, Harris, Joseph Harris, T. B. Hulen, W. Hunter, \n\nJohn and Hiram Hickam, Sam\'l and James Hunter, Clifton Hensley, Ben Hill, Robert \nHubbard, James Hardy, James E. Hicks. \n\nJ- \xe2\x80\x94 Thomas Jackson, Slocum Jackson, James, Thomas and Harrison Jones, Greenberry \nJohnson, Jas. E. Johnson. Thos. Jefferson, Isaac Johnson, F. M. Johnson. \n\nK. \xe2\x80\x94 W. D. Kelso, Geo. W. Kimbrough, Sr., Geo. W. Kimbrough, Jr., Robt. Kim- \nbrough, John Kimbrough, John W. Kimbrough, Alex, and Thomas Keene, Charles King, \nHenry Kite, Ric\'d Keene, Isaac Kuykendall, George N. King. \n\nL. \xe2\x80\x94 Claiborn F. Laforce, Rich\'d H. Lawson, John Lampton, Joshua (Cap.) Lampton, \nEich\'d Leonard, Ambrose Lythe, Jacob and Geo. Langston, Wm. Laforce, James Lang- \nston, James and Franklin Lowry, Perry Lynes, Slater Lenoir, M. J. Lamme, James Little, \nBenj. Lane, R. Lowry, John H. Lynch, Kirtley Lynch, Sam\'l Leopard, Jesse Lanham. \n\nM. \xe2\x80\x94 Isaac B. Monday, William Miller, Cornelius Maupin, Job Marsh, Orvil McCready, \n\nEd. McCutchen, B. McAlester, Jas. McClintock, McMickle, Joseph McDaniel, John, \n\nRobert and Tyre Martin, Nathan Martin, Jr., James Melloway, Wallace Maxwell, \n\nMcGowen, Sam\'l H. McMillin, Maupin, Wm. Mead, Ab. Marsh, David McQuitty, Jr., \n\nDavid McQuitty, Sr., David McBride, Wm. Monroe, Moses, Wm. and Geo. Maupin, Jos. \nMasterson, W. K, McPherson, Geo. D. Mourning, Thos. M. Maupin, John C. Maupin, \nM. W. Maupin. \n\nN. \xe2\x80\x94 B.F.Nichols, Lemuel Northcutt, Elvin J. Nichols, Amos Nichols, Geo. Nelson, \nJohn Northcutt, Elman Nash, Wm. Norris, Dr. J. M. Nye. \n\nO. \xe2\x80\x94 B. F. Orear, Wm. Orear, J. Belt Orear, Robt. Orear. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 363 \n\nP.\xe2\x80\x94 Young A. Purcell, Hiram Philips, Jr., Augustine Philips, James Pigg, Thos. Pra- \nther, Thos. Parker, Thomas C. Philips, Thos. Palmer, John G. and Eobt. K. Provines, \nJosiah W. Parker, Henry Parsons, Bloomfield Philips, Dr. W. J. Philips, Mitchel Pulliam^ \n"Wm. Pulliam, James B. Persinger, Stephen Pettis, Quincy Pitcher, C. C Payne, Dr. James H. \nParker, Geo. C. Pratt, Thomas and Jas. E. Palmer, Preston Philips, A. J. Pipes, Anderson \nPayne, John Pace, Burden Palmer, Jesse D. Patton, Richard Paine, James Pendleton. \n\nR. \xe2\x80\x94 Elcanah C. Reed, Redderford, Redderford, John P. Royall, Grace Ridg- \n\nway, Dr. Alonzo Richardson, James Richardson, Jr., David Richardson, Wesley Rice, John \nand Thos. Rochford, F. T. Russell, John M. Robards, Thos. Roleson, Thos. Roberts, Finley \nRoberts, John Reed, James Ryan, Wm. Ryan. W. Riley, John Ridgway, Elijah Rogers, \nWm. Reyburn, James, Zadoc and John Riggs, Sam\'l Rowland, Thos. Rowland, W. W. Row- \nland, G. W. Roland, Ewing Rowland, W. F. Roberts, Charles T. Reed, Wm. Riggs, Robt. \nRodey, Thos. Rollins, T. J. Roberts, A. W. Rutherford, J. D. Rutherford, Jackson L. \nEussell. \n\nS._Alex., Wharton and Rice Schooler, J. C. Sprinkle, Caleb S. Stone, Frank. Stivers, \n\nJohn Slocumb, Robt. C. Slocumb, Shackleford, Z. Spiers, James and Charles Starke, \n\nJohn and James Smith, Alfred Slack, Philip J. Self, Brown Searcy, Sam\'l B., R. M., W. R. \nand J. A. Spence, James Smith, John and J. H. Stephens, W Smith, W. South, Newman \nSuttle, Varner Skinner, Thos. and Rice Short,, Franklin Seymour, Jas. H. Shock, Charles, \nJames and John Sinclair, James Skeene, Hezekiah Speaks, John Senate, Elias and Robert \nSmalley, George Smith, from the country, Dempsey Sapington, Stephen S. Str\xc2\xabw, \nWilford Stephens, William Stephens. \n\nT.\xe2\x80\x94 Jas. B. Tucker, Jef., Thos. and Ben. Turner, Sam\'l Tuttle, R. C. and John Threl- \n\nkeld, Gab. Turner, Tucker, Thos. S. and Wm. Tuttle, Dr. E. C. Taylor, Abram N. \n\nTurner, Ric\'h Tuck, Mordecai Turner, J. R. Tiffee, Jesse and James Turner, Enoch and \nSilas Tipton, Wm. True, James M. True, Joseph Turner. \n\nV. \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. H. Victor, J. D. Vanhorn, John Vanlandingham, James D. Vance. \n\nW. \xe2\x80\x94 Harvey Wright, A. B. Weldon, James Wainscott, John Warnock, William H. \nWright, Wm. E. Wilson, H. H. Wilkerson, Geo. S. Waters, J. W. Wright, Allen White, \nWesley Wright, W. P. Wright, Joseph Wright, Wm. White, John Wade, John J. Weir, \nJames Wilcoxon, Hern Williams, Peter J. and Alex. Wright, R. P. Waters, William \nWells, Sampson and James M. Wilhite, William and James Wirt, W. W. Wigham, \n\xe2\x80\xa2George Woodson, Joseph and Wm. Waters, Harris Wilkerson, Wm. Wiley, L. Withers, \nWalter W. Wilson, Wm. Williams, John E. Willis, Thomas West, William Williams, \nIsam Williams, John William, Moses Wilhite. \n\nDEATHS AMONG EMIGRANTS. \n\nSeveral of these ernigrants died en route, and a large number after \ntheir arrival in California. We nbte the following, which, of coarse, \nis very incomplete : \n\nFranklin Wilhite, son of Rev. Fielding Wilhite, at Angel\'s Creek, Cal,, December 24, \n1849 ; Charles Starke, September 6, 1850 ; William Starke, October 30, 1850 ; John Hudson \nBarclay, August 23, 1850; John W. Nichols, Samuel R. Tuttle; Dr. James H. Bennett, at \nHangtown, Cal., October 8, 1850, aged 53; Thomas Cox, October 3, 1850; Madison \nMcGbwan ; Haydon Lanter, washed overboard in a storm at sea on his return ; Joseph \nScorn, John T. Mitchel, October 30, 1850; James D. Wood, of cholera, at Fleet River \nFerry, July 2, 1850 ; at Court House Rock, 85 miles east of Fort Laramie, of cholera, Mrs. \nM. J. Lamme, daughter of Thomas C. Maupin; Dr. J. M. Nye, Owen Hern, Dr. Jewell \nFurnish, Alexander Wright, William W. Rowland, Thomas B. Ridgway, Joseph Turner, \nRowland McKinzie, Rev. John M. Black, James P. Wilcoxson, Richard Paine, D. 0. \n\xe2\x96\xa0Champion. \n\n\n\n364 HISTORY or boone county. \n\nThe Columbia Statesman had a correspondent with the emigrant \ntrain, Mr. William R. Rothvvell, afterwards a distinguished Baptist \nminister, and now (1882) President of William Jewell College at \nLiberty, Mo. \n\nAN UNTIMELY SNOW. \n\nThe spring of 1850 was unusually inclement and backward, greatly \nto the regret of the California emigrants. There was a heavy fall of \nsnow in Boone Count}\'^ on Sunday, April 14, which remained on the \nground till the next day, when it vanished. \n\nEXPLOSION IN J. L. STEPHENS\' STORE. \n\nAbout 11 o\'clock A. M., on Saturday, October 5, 1850, the people \nof Columbia and surrounding country were shocked by a terrific \nexplosion, no one for a time knowing the cause of it or its exact \nlocality. Soon, however, it was ascertained that Mr. J. L. Stephens\' \nlarge new brick store-room was in ruins ; that the catastrophe was \noccasioned by the explosion of gunpowder, and that one person was \ncertainly killed and many others seriously injured. \n\nThe store was a heap of ruins, and it was some time before it could \nbe ascertained with certainty who were among the killed and injured. \nThe accident occurred in this way : Mr. Stephens was in receipt of a \nlarge stock of goods, which were laying about the floor in boxes un- \nopened. They had reached him during the past few days. Two \nkegs of powder composed a part of the stock. These were received \nthe night previous, and were placed in the lobby near the counter,, \nand some ten feet from the front door. On the mornino; of the catas- \ntrophe, one of the kegs was discovered to be in bad order \xe2\x80\x94 that is, \nit was seen even through the sacking that powder had leaked from the \nsides or bottom on to the floor. Yet the quantity was small, but to- \nprevent accident the sound keg was placed by one of the clerks on \ntop of the unsound one \xe2\x80\x94 the intention being very soon to remove \nboth to a shed back of the store where the powder of the establish- \nment was kept. Mr. Josiah M. Short came in the store smoking a \ncigar, and while standing near the two kegs fire dropped from the \ncigar (as is supposed), on the loose powder on the floor, the quan- \ntity not being larger than a gun load, and instantly the house was in \nruins. \n\nThe store-room was a very long and large one, two stories high. \nTwo-thirds of the building (the front part of it) was instantly liter- \nally torn to fragments ! \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 365 \n\nJosiah M. Short, a young man 25 years of age and residing in the \nnorthern part of the county, was instantly killed, and is the only per- \nson who was killed outright. His clothes were literally burnt from \nhis body \xe2\x80\x94 not an article remaining upon him except one shoe and \nsock and a part of his cravat. Even one of the soles of the shoe on \nhis foot was blown off. It was with difficulty he was identified, so \nawfully was his body disfigured. \n\nBen. T. White and wife were injured, seriously \xe2\x80\x94 the former, dan- \ngerously, and died the same evening. He was completely covered \nwith the rubbish, his head resting on the sill of the front door. Mrs. \nSusan Duncan, wife of Dr. W. H. Duncan, was also badly burnt, and \nstruck in the head by some missile. James Crews, a young man from \nthe country, was considerably burnt. He happened to be passing the \ndoor of the store at the time of the accident. Mrs. Short, mother of \nthe young man killed, was also hurt \xe2\x80\x94 not badly. Miss Ada Mc- \nBride, daughter of Judge P. H, McBride ; Miss Catharine Lynch \n(now Mrs. Catharine Clapp), daughter of John H. Lynch, of Colum- \nbia ;Wm. Mosely ; J. L. Stephens, owner of the store, and his two \nclerks, Thos, Stephens and Geo. Morris; James Howard; St. Clair \nand Perry West, sous of Bransford West, and a little son of John C. \nDavenport, were likewise injured, most of them slightly. The escape \nof Mr. Stephens was miraculous. He \'was standing behind the coun \nter, near which the kegs exploded, and about ten feet from them. \nAt the point where he stood the ceiling and floor above, with the \nbroken roof of the building, fell with a tremendous crash and rested \nupon the counter, but for the strong framework of which he would \nhave been instantly crushed. Yet he escaped with no material per- \nsonal injury. \n\nEliza, a negro woman of Mr. J. L. Matthews, was very badly burnt \nand died a few days afterwards. \n\nThe upper back room of the store was occupied by the Masons and \nSons of Temperance. Most of their furniture was taken out without \nserious damage. The two other rooms above stairs were occupied by \nMr. George Smith as a daguerrean gallery. All his apparatus and \nfurniture were a total loss. Fortunately no person was in either of \nthe upper rooms at the time of the explosion. \n\nThe building was on the same lot now (1882) occupied as a dry \ngoods store, on the corner of Broadway and University Streets. \n\n\n\n366 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nPLANK ROADS. \n\nDuriiif 1851 and several succeeding years the plank road mania \nprevailed in Missouri, and also in Boone County. Remarkable as it \nniay appear at this day the proposition was seriously entertained of \nbuildino; a plank road from Glasgow via Columbia to St. Louis, and \non April 21st, a convention was held in Danville, Montgomery \nCounty, composed of delegates from St. Charles, Warren, Montgom- \nery, Callaway and Boone \xe2\x80\x94 Howard not represented \xe2\x80\x94 to promote \nthis object, A. O. Forshey, R. S. Barr and Warren Woodson repre- \nsenting Boone County. The proceedings of this convention, which \nprovided among other things for the opening of books at various \npoints for the subscription of stock, filled nearly two columns of the \nStatesman. Fortunately for the people, as we can now see, but did \nnot then, the project was a failure, but the people of B\'oone County, \nfailino- to secure a plank road to St. Louis, determined to build one \nof their own from Columbia to Providence, on the Missouri River ; and \nfor this purpose, June 6, 1853, organized a plank road company \nwith John Parker as president ; J. B. Douglass, secretary, and D. B. \nCunnino-ham, J. S. Rollins, Moss Prewitt, R. C. Branham, R, L. \nMcAfee, N. W. Wilson and James McConathy, directors. Commit- \ntees were also appointed to solicit subscriptions for the work, and on \nSaturday, May 13, 1854, at a meeting of the directors held in Columbia, \nthe road was definitely located and the president authorized to receive \nbids for its construction. \n\nOn June 6, 1854, John Parker was re-elected president, James Mc- \nConathy vice-president, and R. L. Todd secretary, with the following \ndirectors : John Harker, D. B. Cunningham, James McConathy, J. T. \nM. Johnston, John F. Burnam, J. S. Rollins, Moss Prewitt, R. C. \nBranham and J. B. Douglass. \n\nOh Saturday, July 15, 1854, the contract for building the road was \nlet to Jacob Barcus and Samuel Leonard, of Louisiana, Mo., they \ntakino; $2,000 stock and giving bond to complete the work in twelve \nmonths for $30,000 ; and they completed it accordingly. In a few \nyears the road was a ruin, and now not a plank of it remains. \n\nIn August, 1853, Prof. G. C. Pratt completed a survey of several \nroutes proposed. \n\nEXPORTS OF ROCHEPORT IN 1851. \n\nBefore the completion of the railroad to Columbia in 1867, and \ndurino- the hey-day of freight and. passenger transportation by the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 367 \n\nMisso.uri River, Rocheport wa\xc2\xab a very important business place, and \nwas the shipping point for a large district of country. This is shown \nby its exports in 1851, as follows : 670 hogsheads of tobacco ; 8 boxes \nof manufactured tobacco ; 189 bales of hemp ; 39 coils of rope ; 21,- \n423 bushels of wheat; 377 bushels of oats; 1,465 bushels of corn j \n408 bushels of rye; 192 casks of bacon ; 127 kegs of lard ; 42 bar- \nrels of lard ; 77 tierces of lard ; 1,125 pounds of feathers ; 176 bush- \nels of flax seed; 71 hides; 17 barrels of butter; 19 kegs of butter; \n1,145 bushels of dried apples ; 457 barrels of green apples ; 117 bush- \nels of dried peaches. \n\nFAT BULLOCKS MONROE AND BOONE COUNTIES CONTESTING. \n\nDurino- the summer of 1853, o-reat and unusual interest was ex- \ncited ainono; the cattle-breeders of Central Missouri bv a contest for \ntwo silver pitchers, worth $50 each, at the Boone County Fair in \nSeptem1)er, between Major Thomas Barker, of Monroe, and Major \nTheodoric Jenkins, of Boone, the premiums to be awarded to the lot \nof bullocks, three in number, which would command the largest sum \nof money in the aggregate, either alive or slaughtered, in the city of \nSt. Louis. No similar contest before or since excited such universal \ninterest, or was contemplated by the citizens of the two counties \nnamed with such solicitude. It required several months of card- \nwriting in newspapers between the contestants to settle the prelimin- \naries, but they were finally settled as stated. The exhibition occurred \non the Boone County Fair Grounds while the Fair was in progress, \nSeptember 30, 1853. \n\nMaj. Barker, of Monroe, exhibited on his part his celebrated black \nsteer, a red belonging to Mr. For man, and a deep red belonging to \nMr. McCann. Mr. Jenkins exhibited his unapproached and unap- \nproachable white steer, a red belonging to A. W. Turner, and another \nbelonging to W. C. Robinett. \n\n^Lewis Chandler, of St. Louis, failing to attend, Henry Larriraore, \nof Callaway, was selected in his place as one of the judges, in con- \nnection with John Harrison, ot" Callaway, and David Hutchinson, of \nCooper. \n\nAll the bullocks exhibited were remarkably fine \xe2\x80\x94 large, fat and \nbeautiful. Six larger, better beef cattle (it was often affirmed by \nthose competent to judge) could not be found in the State. \n\nAfter a thorough examination of each bullock in the presence of \nthe assembled concourse of spectators, the judges awarded the palm \n\n\n\n368 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof victory to Old Boone, whereupon exultant shouts went up from a \nthousand throats, and hundreds of hats from hundreds of heads. \n\nThe aggregate measurement around the girth of the two lots, ac- \ncording to the figures of the judges, was remarkably close, the varia- \ntion being only half an inch, as follows : Jenkins\' three, twenty-five \nfeet four inches ; Barker\'s three, twenty-five feet three and a half \ninches. \n\nAfter the award Avas pronounced, it was proposed that the cattle be \ndriven to town and weighed, which was done, the weights being as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBarher\'s \xe2\x80\x94 The Forman steer, deep red, 2,540 pounds; the Mc- \nCann steer, red, 2,500 pounds ; the Barker steer, black, 2,480 pounds. \nAggregate, 7,520 pounds. \n\nJenkins\'\' \xe2\x80\x94 The Jenkins steer, white, 2,800 pounds; the Turner \nsteer, red, 2,420 pounds ; the Robinett steer, red, 2,400. Aggre- \ngate, 7,620 pounds \xe2\x80\x94 being one hundred pounds in favor of Boone. \n\nNORTH MISSOURI RAILROAD. \n\nThe j)rojection in 1853, of the North Missouri Railroad, from St. \nLouis to Macon City (then called Hudson City), in Macon County, \nwas a notable event in the history of the State. The question of its \nlocation through the intermediate country was one of great interest \nto the people along the several proposed routes, for it was a question \nwhether they would, or would not, obtain a railroad, and thus enjoy \nlong-needed communication by rail with St. Louis and other impor- \ntant markets North and South. It was, of course, a question in \nwhich the people of Boone County had and felt the liveliest concern, \nas was evidenced b}^ the proceedings of numerous public meetings \nand by newspaper articles. \n\nIt finally became evident, that in order to divert the line of the road \nfrom both the middle and eastern routes to one which would pass \nthrough Boone County, a subscription by the county of at least $100,- \n000 stock was a condition precedent. Therefore, at the May term of \nthe County Court of that year, an order was made for an election at \nthe various precincts in the county on Monday, June 13, 1853, to \ntest the sense of the tax-payers of the county, as to the proposed sub- \nscription of $100,000 to the capital stock of said road, provided it \npassed through the county, said tax-payers also to express themselves \nby their ballots, whether such subscription should be paid by the issue \n\xe2\x96\xa0of county bonds or by taxation. The canvass pro and con was very \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n369 \n\n\n\nspirited, and brought our speakers to the rostrum and our writers to \nthe newspapers. Tlie people were addressed at various places in \nfavor of the subscription, and of bonds, by J. S. Rollins, Odon Guitar \nand W. F. Switzler \xe2\x80\x94 one speech being made in Columbia on the \nsame side by President Shannon. Speeches were also made in Cedar \ntownship against the subscription by Austin Bradford, James Cun- \nningham and James M. Wright. Mr. Bradford also opposed it in \nnumerous articles over his own name in the Statesman. The election \nresulted as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nPRECINCTS. \n\n\nFor Subs\'n. \n\n\nAgainst Sub. \n\n\nFor Bonds. \n\n\nFor Tax. \n\n\nColumbia \n\n\n335 \n\n\n291 \n\n\n330 \n\n\n13 \n\n\nKockyfork \n\n\n484 \n\n\n25 \n\n\n475 \n\n\n12 \n\n\nKocheport \n\n\n106 \n\n\n105 \n\n\n109 \n\n\n7 \n\n\nStrawus . . . . . \n\n\n8 \n\n\n30 \n\n\n9 \n\n\n38 \n\n\nCamp Ground .... \n\n\n29 \n\n\n175 \n\n\n58 \n\n\n121 \n\n\nClaysville \n\n\n5 \n\n\n155 \n\n\n17 \n\n\n28 \n\n\nPerche . \n\n\n89 \n\n\n35 \n\n\n69 \n\n\n32 \n\n\nTotals \n\n\n1,056 \n\n\n816 \n\n\n1,057 \n\n\n251 \n\n\n\nWhole number of votes cast, 1,872 ; majority for the subscription, \n240; majority for bonds, 806. \n\nThis vote secured Boone County the railroad. \n\nThree routes were surveyed: The route on which the road is \nlocated, the middle route which passed about six miles southwest of \nParis, and the eastern route, which crossed Salt River east of Florida \niind below the Three Forks. \n\nFor a fuller understanding of the subject it should be mentioned, \nthat previous to the order of the Boone County Court for an election, \nthe board of directors had located the road on the Paris route, which \ndiverged from the present line at Benton City northwestwardly, and \nto the north of Mexico and south of Paris, to Goose Pond, near Clar- \nence, on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Major Rollins was at \nthe time a director of the road, and protested against this location, \nand afterward, by the most persistent efforts, secured a reconsidera- \ntion. It was then ordered by the board that if the counties, towns \nand citizens of Callaway, Boone, Howard, Randolph, Macon, Adair \nand Schuyler, by corporate and individual subscriptions, would raise \n$500,000 to the capital stock, the road would be located through \nthose counties to Hudson or Macon City, and thence north to the \nIowa line. It was proposed that each of the three counties first \n\n24 \n\n\n\n370 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nnamed, subscribe $100,000, and an eifort was made to induce them \nto do so. Boone was the only one of the three which responded \nfavorably. \n\nMajor Rollins having secured a reconsideration of the vote locating \nthe road on the Paris route, and a conditional location of it through \nthe seven counties mentioned, his own (Boone) being one of them, \ntook a very active interest in securing the $500,000 subscription asked \nfor by the directors. In addition to an active agency in securing \n$100,000 from Boone county, and about $20,000 from private citi- \nzens, he visited Randolph, Adair, Schuyler, Callaway and Howard, \nand by public speeches, to very small audiences in the two last, sought \nfavoral)ly to impress the officials and people of those counties with the \nproposition. In the three first named, success was achieved, and by \nthe time of the meeting of the board, he and others who had been \neno"ao\'ed in raising the amount required, reported an aggregate sub- \nscription of about $485,000, and the road was thereupon located oa \nthe present route. There was almost universal apathy, if not direct \nopposition on the subject, in Callaway and Howard Counties, many of \nthe leading influential citizens of both, strange to s\'ay, positively \nantagonizing it. \n\nThe County Court of Callaway did order an election, and the sub- \nscription was voted down by almost five hundred majority. \n\nThere was such indifference and opposition in Howard Count3% that \nan election even was not ordered, and of course no subscription was \nmade. \n\nNevertheless, by an increased subscription in Montgomery, the $120,- \n000 in Boone, and the corporate and private subscriptions in Randolph ,^ \nMacon, Adair and Schuyler, the directors were induced to divert th& \nroad from th^ Paris route, and locate it through Boone County, on the \npresent line. Parties in Boone, however, resisted the payment of the \nsum voted, on the ground that the location just inside of the north- \nern limits of the county, and not through its center, by or near \nColumbia, was not in compliance with the conditions on which the \nsubscription was made. \n\nThese parties sought in the Circuit Court, Hon. Wm. A. Hall, \nJudo-e, to enjoin the County Court from issuing the bonds : but Judge \nHall decided that the location was a substantial compliance with the \nlaw, and the bonds were issued. \n\nBut for the refusal of the Counties of Callaway and Howard to \nmake the subscriptions asked of them, the North Missouri Railroad \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 371 \n\nwould have diverged from the present route, west, at New Florence, \nacross the Loutre, and through the center of Calhiway, Boone and \nHoward. But the people of Callaway and Howard refused to aid in \nbuilding a railroad through their counties, and thus not only lost the \nroad themselves, but prevented the people of Boone from getting it \non the route they desired. \n\nYears ago, but too late to recover the advantages which they failed \nto appreciate and refused to embrace, Callaway and Howard plainly \nsaw the great mistake they had made \xe2\x80\x94 a mistake which cost each \nof them, by subscriptions to railroads running from north to south \ninstead of from east to w^est, not one hundred thousand dollars, but \nnearly three-quarters of a million. \n\nAlthough Boone County obtained the railroad, which was worth to \nher all she paid for it, and was the owner of $100,000 of its capital \nstock, the stock never paid any dividends ; and in the mutations \nincident to Western railroad property, resulting in changes of owner- \nship, the stock finally depreciated in value to a nominal sum, and the \nBoone County Court, July 5, 1869, sold her interest in the road to \nWm. M. McPherson, of St. Louis, for $8,000. ^ \n\nDARING ATTEMPT AT RAPE NEGRO HUNG BY A MOB. \n\nNear dark on Friday, August 12, 1853, a daring attempt was \nmade by Hiram, a young negro man belonging to the late Major \nEdward Young, who then resided about ten miles south of \nColumbia, on the .Jefferson City road, to violate the person of \nMiss Nancy Hubbard, aged fifteen years, a daughter of Mr\xc2\xbb \nEusebius Hubbard, of Cedar Township. The young lady, in company \nwith a married sister, Mrs. Mary Jacobs, and her little daughter \nAmanda, were returning from the burial of Mr. Harrison Jacobs. \nThe path they travelled led by a heavy thicket and through a pair of \nbars, the latter being some three hundred yards from the residence of \nJoseph Armstrong. Reaching the bars, the young lady dismounted \nand let them down. Her companions passing through, she proceeded \nto put them up. At this moment a negro man, entirely naked, sud- \ndently emerged from the thicket, and seizing her, made a desperate \nattempt to violate her person. A most determined struggle ensued \nfor some ten minutes, during which the young lady, notwithstanding \nshe was severely bruised and frightened, made successful resistance to \nthe hellish designs of the naked monster. The cries of murder and \nthe desperation of the struggle so frightened the horse rode by the \n\n\n\nS72 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmarried sister and her little girl that they were thrown \xe2\x80\x94 the married \nsister being disabled by the fall. The little girl ran to the house of \nMr. Armstrong, and he came with all speed to the scene of danger. \nThe negro, hearing his approach, fled to the thicket. A number of \nnegroes were arrested on suspicion and discharged, and finally cir- \ncumstances pointing to Hiram, he was informally brought before \nJustices John Ellis and Walter C. Maupin, tried and discharged. \nStrong convictions of his guilt being still entertained by the people, \non Tuesday night following a warrant was issued for his arrest by \nJustice Thomas Porter, of Columbia, and he was arrested and lodged \nin jail. \n\nOn Saturday, August 20, he was brought to trial in the upper room \nof the court house before David Gordon, a Justice of the Peace, and \nF. T. Russell, Recorder of Columbia. \n\nMaj. J. S. Rollins and Col. S. A. Young appeared as counsel at the \ninstance of the negro\'s owner to see that a fair and full trial was \ngiven, and Odon Guitar, Esq., appeared for the prosecution. A very \nlarge concourse of citizens were in attendance, a portion of whom \nwere much excited by the daring atrocity of the crime, and a firm \nconviction of the negro\'s guilt. This portion of the people were for \nsummary vengeance, without waiting for the issue of the trial. \nNevertheless, the trial progressed without interruption until about \nthree o\'clock, when, seemingly no longer able to resist their feelings, \na portion of the crowd outside rushed into the court house, and, over- \ncoming the importunities and eff\'orts of the court, sheriff", counsel, \netc., put a rope around the prisoner\'s neck, and forced him into the \nstreet. The rope wa& once cut, however, by Maj. Rollins, but it was \nagain placed around the negro\'s neck. With an excited populace at \nhis heels, he was hurried down Court-house Street to Broadway, and \ndown Broadway to the bridge over Flat Branch, at the western ex- \ntremity of town, and thence to a wood northwest of the court house.. \nHere an attempt was made to hang him ; some desiring to burn him, \nan attempt which in all probability would have proved successful, but \nfor the protestations of many citizens and the accidental breaking of \nthe rope. Major Rollins and Col. Switzler protested against the pro- \nceeding, and by addresses to those concerned, backed by the peacea- \nble importunities and co-operation of Mr. E. C. Davis, of the Sentinel, \nand many other citizens, assuaged in some measure the excitement \nprevailing, and induced those having the prisoner in charge to take \nbim back to jail and allow him the privilege of a legal trial. With \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. - 373 \n\nno little difficulty and delay he was finally returned to jail \xe2\x80\x94 and, what \nis remarkable, notwithstanding the intense excitement of the occasion, \nno one was hurt. \n\nOn Sabbath the prisoner made a full confession of his guilt, thus \nremoving all doubts on that subject ; at the same time bringing to \nlisfht the names of two other negro men of his neighborhood who had \nmade threats, that, some time in the future and upon some white \nfemale or other, they would commit a similar outrage. In every \npoint of view, then, as all now concede, even those must importunate \nfor summary punishment, the counsels which remanded the prisoner \nto jail and prevented the hanging on Saturday, were most wise and \nsalutary, and all appeared gratified at the result. \n\nMonday was another day of excitement, and the people were out in \nlarge numbers. There being no longer a reasonable doubt of the \nprisoner\'s guilt, a portion of those present were unwilling to await \nlegal conviction and jDunishment by the Circuit Court \xe2\x80\x94 contending \nthat the punishment of the law was not adequate to the crime, and^ \ntherefore they were for immediately forcing the locks of the prison \nand taking the negro and burning or hanging him. At the instance \nof the father of the young lady upon whose person the outrage had \nbeen attempted. Col. S. A. Youi^- and Odon Guitar, Esq., stated to \nthose determined upon summary punishment, that it was not his \ndesire the negro should be burned, but hanged. Mr. Guitar earnestly \nexhorted them, if\\t was their determination to hang him, to go about \nit coolly and do it decently and in order. That concert of actioB \nmight characterize the movements of those participating in the afi^air, \na meeting was held in the street, in front of the court house. Eli E. \nBass, Esq., one of our most respectable and influential citizens, was \nchosen chairman of the meeting. He put the question whether the \nnegro should be burned, and not more than half a dozen, if that num- \nber, voted in favor of burning, Mr. Bass then put the question, \n"All who are in favor of hanging him will say a,i/e," and most, if not \nall, of those participating said aye. A large number of the citizens \npresent did not approve and took no part in the proceedings. Hang- \ning being thus decided upon, a committee was appointed to procure a \nrope, a cart on which to convey the negro to the place of execution, \nand a coffin in which to bury him. It was also made the duty of this \ncommittee to force the prison doors, take the negro out, and hang \nhim "decently and in order." Mr. Geo. N. King was appointed \nchairman of the committee, with power to appoint nine committee. \n\n\n\n374 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmen to co-operate with him. The following are the names of the \ncommittee as furnished us by Mr. King, viz. : Geo. N. King, Henry \nWilkinson, John Ballinger, Wm. Breakey, Wm. B. Cato, John Robi- \nnett, John Hume, Wm. Hubbard, A. R. Vest and R. P. Waters. \n\nAbout 12 o\'clock they proceeded to the jail, and under the protest \nof the sheriff, forced the door, took the negro out, and, followed by a \nlarge number of persons, quietly proceeded to a grove northwest of \ntown, and there the negro was hung and buried. This grove is now \nthe pasture of Mrs. Dr. Arnold, and is immediately west of R. H. \nClinkscales\'. Miss Nancy Hubbard afterwards married James Lane, \n.and they now reside in Bates County, Mo. \n\nONE STUDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY KILLS ANOTHER. \n\nAbout 11 o\'clock, A. M., on Monday, December 19, 1853, in a per- \nsonal altercation at the foot of the stairway, in the east wing of the \nState University, between Benjamin F. Handy, of Harrodsburg, Ky., \nand W. W. Thornton, of Shelby ville. 111., students, the former was \nshot by the latter, with a revolver, and almost instantly killed. The \ncircumstances were these : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAbout two months previously, one evening after tea, these young \nmen were engaged in Thornton\'s room in a game of whistjfor amuse- \nment, during which Mr. Thornton charged Mr. Handy with unfair \nplay. Angry words followed, resulting finally in Mr. Thornton order- \ning Mr. Handy from his room, and he went. On Sabbath morning, \nabout two weeks after this (the parties in the meantime having no \nintercourse with each other), Mr. Thornton deemed himself grossly \ninsulted by Mr. Handy at the breakfast table, for they both boarded \nat the same house. \n\nGrowing out of this supposed insult was a personal rencontre on \n\nthe next day, Monday. The facts on this point were about these : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nRev. Mr. Henshall, of Lexington, Ky., had been preaching in the \n\nChristian Church in Columbia, and on Saturday evening the young \n\nmen had attended. Mrs. H , the lady, of the house with whom \n\nthey boarded, engaging in the conversation at the breakfast table the \nnext morning in regard to the preaching, asked Mr. Thornton how he \nwas pleased with the sermon. He replied substantially that Mr. \nHenshall was an easy, graceful speaker, but that his discourses lacked \njpoint \xe2\x80\x94 that he (T.) could not sometimes tell the point he was aiming \nto estal)lish. Mr. Handy then remarked substantially, to a student \nsitting by his side at the table, but in a tone loud enough to be heard \n\n\n\nI \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 375 \n\nhy all, that Mr. Heiishall was a ministei" of reputation ; that he \naccompanied Alexander Campbell during his tour in Europe, and that \nany man of common sense could see the points in his preaching. \nThis, Mr. Thornton regarded as a fling at him, and an insult to be \n4ivenged. \n\nSo, therefore, next morning (Monday) he made an assault upon \nMr. Handy, beating him with his fists quite severely, and making him \napologize, etc., Handy offering no resistance. The matter coming \nbefore the Faculty of the University, Mr. Thornton was suspended \nfor three weeks and had eighty subtracted from his credit marks, \nx^othing was done with Handy. \n\nSome three weeks before the shooting Mr. Handy bought a large \nliowie-knife at a store in town, declaring at the time that he intended \nto cane Thornton for whipping him, and that if he resisted he would \nsee his heart\'s blood with that knife. The fact that Handy was armed \ncoming to Thornton\'s ears, he asked a mutual friend, as a personal \nfavor, to go to Handy and advise him in his (the friend\'s) own name, \nnot to make an attack on him ; that he did not wish any difficulty \nwith him ; but that if Handy did attack him he would certainly kill \nhim. The request was complied with. Handy denied buying the \nknife for any such purpose, and pledged his honor that he meditated \nno attack upon Thornton, and desired that he be so informed. All \nprivy to the matter now very reasonably supposed the affair at an \nend. \n\nBut on Monday, December 20, as the students were coming out of \nProf. Locke\'s room (which was on the lower floor) and departing \nfrom the University, Mr. Handy preceded Thornton and waited near \nthe hall door, a door with two shutters, one of which, however, was \nfastened. As Thornton approached this door, being about three feet \nfrom it. Handy made an assault upon him with a heavy cane, striking \nMm on the head several times. Thornton, according to some, got out of \nthe door, and according to others was fastened between the students. \nAt all events. Handy was on the inside, with his left hand on the door, \npressing it against Thornton, and with his cane in his right attempting \nto strike him ; Thornton the while pushing against the door to get in. \nSucceeding, at least partially, the combatants grappled each other, \nand Thornton instantly shot Handy in the left breast with a pistol, \ncausing almost immediate death. The body being afterwards exam- \nined, a loaded pistol and large bowie-knife were found on Mr. Handy\'s \nperson. \n\n\n\n376 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMr. Thornton voluntarily surrendered himself to Justices David \nGordon and Henry H. Ready, and was tried and acquitted. James \nM. Gordon appeared for the defense. No attorney appeared for the \nprosecution. \n\nCOLUMBIA CEMETERY ASSOCIATION. \n\nThe old or iirst cemetery of the town becoming wholly inadequate \nto the demands upon it, in 1854 the General Assembly chartered an \nassociation, with the usual powers of such companies, and the follow- \ning directors, who were clothed with authority to perpetuate their \nnumber: Jefferson Garth, J. S. EoUins, Moss Prewitt, J. R. Boyce, \nR. C. Branham, H. H. Ready, and W. F. Switzler. This board or- \nganized by the election of the following officers : R. C. Branham, pres- \nident ; J. R. Boyce, secretary, and W. F. Switzler, treasurer. \n\nThis association is still in existence, and since its organization has \npurchased two large additions of grounds adjoining the old cemetery, \nand have expended, over and above the cost of the grounds, every dol- \nlar received from the sale of lots, in fencing and improving the cem- \netery. Among the improvements is the opening and macadamizing of \na new avenue from Broadway to tlie grounds, the old entrance having \nbeen on the east, instead of north of them. \n\nThe ground was laid off into lots of appropriate size, sixteen by \nthirtv-two feet, and others sixteen feet square, and the first sale oc- \ncurred on Saturday, November 20, 1858. \n\nTHE DROUGHT OF 1854. \n\nA drought unprecedented in the history of the county occurred in \n1854, no rain of any consequence falling between June 20 and Sep- \ntember 11. The streams, wells, and springs became dry ; water for \nstock was almost exhausted and difficult to find, and not more than \nhalf a crop of corn was raised. The grass in forests and pastures be- \ncame dry enough to burn, and several disastrous conflagrations acci- \ndentally occurred in Boone County. Corn advanced to a price hitherto \nunknown \xe2\x80\x94 sixty cents per bushel. \n\nMissouri and Boone County were not alone in this calamity, for the \ndrought prevailed all over the New England and most of the Western \nStates. \n\nSELBY\'s new HOTEL. \n\nThe large two-story frame building near the court-house, and now \nknown as the " Planters\' House," was originally built by the late \n\n\n\nI \n\n\n\n1 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 377 \n\nAlexander Douglass, father of Shannon C. Douglass, Esq., and Dr. \nWm. H. Douglass, for a residence. Being eligibly located for a hotel,, \nin May, 1855, the late Thomas Selby purchased the property, and in \nNovember following occupied it as a hotel, and it has ever since been \nthus occupied. \n\nMONSTER KANSAS MEETING PREMONITIONS OF THE COMING STORM. \n\nThe discussions in Congress and elsewhere, growing out of the territo- \nrial organizations of Kansas and Nebraska in 1852-7, excited the liveliest \ninterest throughout the whole country. North and South ; and the peo- \nple of Boone County were not uninterested spectators of the passing \nscenes. Indeed, they were deeply moved and at times greatly excited \nby the debates in Congress, and by the struggles in the Territory of \nKansas over the State constitutions adopted at Lecompton and To- \npeka \xe2\x80\x94 one free and the other slave. Very diverse views were enter- \ntained in Boone County touching some of the issues involved in the \nKansas-Nebraska controversy, which finally found expression in a tan- \ngible form at a public meeting held at the old fair grounds, east of \nColumbia, on Saturday, June 2, 1855. The meeting was first organ- \nized in the court-house, but that building was wholly inadequate to \naccommodate the vast multitude present. Hence the adjournment to \nthe Fair Grounds. \n\nAt the court house, Odon Guitar called the meeting to order, and \non his motion, James McConathy was called to the chair, and Dr. \nW. H. Lee and John C. McKinney were appointed secretaries. John \nH. Field then opened the ball by introducing a series of resolutions, \nwhereupon Col. Young moved that a committee of three Whigs and \nthree Democrats be elected by the meeting, to report resolutions. \nSeveral other motions were made in regard to a committee, and con- \nsiderable discussion ensued, during which remarks were made by \nMaj. Kollins, Col. Young, Maj. Forshey, Mr. Field, Dr. Forshey and \nperhaps others. On motion of Joseph K. Northcutt, it was ordered \nthat none be allowed to vote in the meeting except residents of the \ncounty who are twenty-one years of age. The committee of six on \nresolutions were finally elected, as follows: Whigs \xe2\x80\x94 W. F. Switz- \nler, James M. Gordon and Middleton G. Singleton. Democrats \xe2\x80\x94 \nDr. W. H. Lee, John Slack and Priestly H. McBride, during whose \nretirement the meeting; took a recess. \n\nThis committee did not agree, but agreed to make two reports. \nThis fact being announced, a motion was made and carried that the \n\n\n\n378 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmeeting adjourn to the Fair Grounds, where the vast assembly could \nbe accommodated; whereupon the great throng, pell-mell, helter- \nskelter, repaired thither. \n\nOrder, such as it was, being restored. Colonel Switzler, on behalf \nof that portion of the committee he represented, reported the fol- \nlowing : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nKESOLUTIONS. \n\nResolved 1. That domestic slavery, as it now exists in many of the States of the Union, \nis recognized and protected by the Constitution of the United States, and is left by that in- \nstrument to be regulated alone by the municipal policy of the States in which it is or may \nbe established. \n\n2. That the aggressive and fanatical spirit evidenced by the Abolitionists and Freesoilers \nof the North, wantonly to interfere with the institution both in the States and Territories, is \ncalculated to disturb the friendly feeling which should exist between the people of the sev- \neral States, light the torch of servile insurrection and war, and ultimately to dissolve the \nUnion, \n\n3. Non-intervention, therefore, on the part of Congress, with slavery both in States and \nTerritories ; and non-interference by the people of the free States with slavery in the slave \nStates, is not only in accordance Avith the Constitution, but the dictates of patriotism and \nsound policy; and that those who would attempt to subvert these principles ought to be re- \ngarded as enemies of the Union, seeking to eflfect by incendiary agitation the destruction of \n\xe2\x96\xa0our domestic peace and the palladium of our liberties. \n\n4. That Abolitionism and Freesoilism are monsters of iniquity, at war with the best inter- \nests, and insulting to the sovereignty of the slave States ; and that the utterance, publication, \n\xe2\x96\xa0or circulation of any statements, arguments or opinions in this State, tending to excite our \nslaves to insurrection or rebellion, justly subjects the offender, under our law, to imprison- \nment in the penitentiary, and to a forfeiture of the right to sit as a juror, to vote at our elec- \ntions, or to hold office. \n\n5. That the efforts of the Emigrant Aid Society of Massachusetts to Abolitionize the \nTerritory of Kansas, by pouring within its limits and upon our western border, hireling \nAbolitionists and Freesoilers, going thence with no purpose permanently to settle, but \nmerely to vote at the elections of the Territory and return home, very deeply and justly ex- \nasperates the people of Missouri ; and we hereby pledge ourselves to aid by all honorable \nand legal means to defeat the efforts of those who would thus make a mockery of public \nlaw, and disregard our peace. \n\n6. That the Kansas-Nebraska bill, based upon the principle of non-intervention, and \nguaranteeing to the people of the Territories the power to settle the question of slavery for \nthemselves, meets with our approval ; and we regard any man who favors its repeal, or who \nof choice agitates the subject of slavery in Congress or elsewhere, as an enemy to our insti- \ntutions, and as forfeiting all claim to our support or confidence. \n\n7. That whilst we do not sanction acts of violence, whether perpetrated by citizens of the \nNorth or South, so long as the law affords protection and redress; and whilst we regard \nAbolitionism, Nullification and Freesoilism alike dangerous to the peace and permanency \nof this Union, we are ready to pledge "our lives, our fortunes and our sacred honor" to pro- \ntect, at all hazards, by legal and honorable means, the institutions of the South against en- \ncroachment and invasion from without and sedition and treachery from within. \n\n8. That the recent decision of the Supreme Court of Wisconsin, declaring the Fugitive \nSlave Law unconstitutional and of no binding force within the limits of that State, and the \npassage of the Personal Liberty Bill, in defiance of the Governor\'s veto, by the Legislature \nof Massachusetts, whereby the Fugitive Slave Law i^ practically nullified within the limits \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 379 \n\n-of that Commonwealth, are alarming evidences of fanaticism, nullification and treason, cal- \n\xe2\x96\xa0culated to foment discord among the people of the States, and ultimately to dissolve the \nUnion. \n\n9. That the refusal of the Abolitionists and Freesoilers to execute the laws of Congress, \n\xe2\x80\xa2constitutionally made; their attempts to remove oflBcers for executing those laws; their \nacts of nullification and avowal of "higher law" doctrines, are outrages at which the South \nmay and does justly complain, and their continuance is wholly incompatible with the spirit \nof the Union ; and if the Union is to be preserved, it becomes the conservative, law-abiding \npeople of the North to disavow and repudiate these incendiary, ruthless attacks upon the \nlaws of the land and the guarantees of the Constitution. \n\n10. That we regard the Union as the Palladium of our Liberties, and all acts tending to \n\xe2\x96\xa0weaken the confidence of the people in its stability, to abate their appreciation of its price- \nless value and patriotic love for its integrity \xe2\x80\x94 all acts designed to exasperate one section of \nthe Union against another, thereby tending to its dissolution, we regard as the basest treason, \nmeriting the execration of every true lover of his country. \n\n11. That if it be true, as it has been repeatedly charged, that Governor Reeder is an \n\xe2\x80\xa2enemy to the institutions of the South \xe2\x80\x94 that he has sought and is still seeking to Aboli- \ntionize the Territory of Kansas, and that he gave the Emigrant Aid Society notice of the \nrecent election previous to notifying the people of said Territory, his\'appointment to the \noflBce he holds and the failure of President Pierce to remove him therefrom, meets with our \nunqualified condemnation. \n\n12. That the charge of Abolitionism and Freesoilism against loyal citizens of Missouri, \nmade without evidence and often against evidence, is not only well calculated to give Aboli- \ntionism undue respectability, but also to disturb our peace and foment insurrection and \n\ninsubordination among our slaves, and therefore merits the severest condemnation of all \n.good citizens. \n\nThe resolutions being read, Col. Switzler proceeded briefly to refer \nto their character. He maintained that they were national,, conserva- \ntive, loyal to the South and to the Federal Union \xe2\x80\x94 clear and decided \nin the assertion of the Constitutional rights of the slave States and \nthe duty of the people ; justly severe in the condemnation of the \nheresies of Abolitionism, Freesoilism and Nullitication ; in short, \nthat they covered the whole ground, and laid down a platform on \nwhich every Missourian, who was true to his State and his country, \ncould stand. \n\nDr. Lee, with the concurrence of two other members of the com- \nmittee, reported the following \n\nPREAMBLE AND RESOLUTIONS. I \n\nWhereas, It is indubitable that G-od wills the existence and happiness of the whole hu- \nman family; that the capacities of the races, respectively, and of the successive generations \nof those races, are adapted to the several spheres they are designed to fill ; that their exist- \nence and happiness cannot be secured without the protection of rights, and redresi of \nwrongs ; and that this protection and redress cannot be secured in any degree commensu- \nrate with our necessities without social organization, which organization must necessarily \nl)e adapted to the moral and intellectual condition of those for whom it is intended; \n"therefore. \n\nResolved, 1. That human government exists in accordance with the will of God (and by \nthe consent of the governed, if they are morally and intellectually qualified for self-govern- \n\n\n\n380 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nment), for the protection of the rights and the redress of the wrongs of its subjects, deriving- \nall its just powers from its necessity for, and its adaptation to, the accomplishment of these- \npurposes. \n\n2. That to resist government in the accomplishment of its lawful objects, and the exer- \ncise of its just rights, or to subvert its authority when directed to these ends, is highly crim- \ninal, and destructive of the best interests of societ}\' and the human family, \n\n3. That when any government, from whatever cause, is incapable of protecting the rights \nand redressing the wrongs of its subjects, it is their inalienable right, both as individuals and \nas communities, and it is their duty, to take protection and redress into their own hands \nand to provide all necessary guards for their future security. \n\n4. That in accordance with these principles, all communities, whether savage or civilized, \nadmit the right of necessary self-defence, and the consequent right of abating, by extra- \nlegal means, such nuisances as are intolerable, and cannot be abated by the regular opera- \ntions of laws. \n\n5. That the fanatical and persevering efforts of Abolitionists, and Abolition societies, to \nrender our slave property insecure, and to excite the evil passions of those slaves to insub- \nordination, has a direct tendency to incite them to a servile war, with all its attendant \nhorrors; and is such an invasion of our rights that we feel justified in pledging our lives, \nour fortunes, and our sacred honor to each other, to the State and to our sister slave States, \nthat we will abate it, to the utmost extent of our ability \xe2\x80\x94 peaceably if we can, forcibly \nif we must. \n\n6. That the repeated invasion of the constitutional rights of the slave States has a direct \ntendency to dissolve the Union, and if persisted in, must inevitably lead to this deplorable \nresult, as the only refuge from impending evils of the most appalling and intolerable char- \nacter; and we therefore pledge ourselves, irrespective of all previous party ties, to abjure \nall minor issues, and unite as one man in waging a deadly war on Abolitionism, and resist- \ning all its vile efforts, whether made by force or fraud, to trample our constitutional rights \nunder its unhallowed feet. \n\n7. That we appeal to the intelligence, patriotism and loyalty of the free States, to arrest \nthe torrent of Abolition fanaticism that is sweeping over them in open violation of our con- \nstitutional rights, exposing the Union of these States to imminent peril, and if not speedily ar- \nrested, to certain annihilation. \n\n8. That the whole State is identified in interest and sympathy with the citizens on our \nwestern border; and we will co-operate with them in all proper measures to prevent the \nfoul demon of Abolitionism from planting a colony of negro thieves on our frontier, to har- \nass our citizens and steal their property, it matters not whether that colony be imported \nfrom European poor-houses and prisons, or from the pestilential hot-beds of New England, \nfanaticism. \n\n9. That we regard the emissaries of Abolitionism whether open or disguised, as our vilest \nenemies \xe2\x80\x94 conspirators against the peace and permanency of our Union, and as such we feel \nbound to give them no countenance nor encouragement whatever; but on the contrary, as it \nis our dut}\' in self-defence, we will use all lawful and proper means to expose them to a just, \nretribution, and a lawful and well-merited infamy. \n\n10. That as we believe the Missouri Compromise to have been at variance!with the spirit \nand objects of the Federal compact, in which are conferred all the powers of the General \nGovernment, we most heartily approve of the repeal of that odious measure, and as cordi- \nally indorse the Kansas-Nebraska bill, believing its principles to be correct. We, therefore, \nhave seen with feelings of indignation and abhorrence the efforts made by citizens of the free \nStates to deprive slave-holders of the rights which the Kansas bill was designed to restore ; \nand while we deprecate the necessity, we cannot too highly appreciate the patriotism of \nthose Missourians who so ft-eely gave their time and money for the purpose, in the recent \nelection in Kansas, of neutralizing said Abolition efforts, and preventing the fraud attempted \nby the importation of hireling voters into that Territory. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 381 \n\n11. That the other counties in the State be requested to hold meetings and express their \n\xe2\x96\xa0sentiments on the subject, so that whatever hopes may be entertained by the Abolitionists of \nreaping anj^ advantage from division among us. may be dispelled^ \xe2\x80\x94 and that the people of \nthis State, irrespective of all party considerations, may present an unbroken front of opposi- \ntion to the foul designs of the Abolitionists. \n\n12. That we view with indignation the efforts made in Congress as well as in the North- \nern States, to repeal or render inoperative the Fugitive Slave Law, and that we will not sub- \nmit to the repeal. \n\n13. That delegates be appointed to represent this meeting in the convention to be \n\n"held in Boonville ; and that the chairman make the appointment. \n\nThe two sets of resolutions being thus before the assembly, the \nball opened anew amid considerable excitement and disorder. Dr. \nLee said he had no objections to the first resolutions, but preferred \nhis own as they went a little further. Col. Young moved that both \nsets be adopted en masse. Maj. Rollins called for a division of the \nquestion, remarking that while Col. Switzler\'s seemed generally \nacceptable, there were several of Dr. Lee\'s which were very obnox- \nious, and he could not vote for them. Some insisted that the vote \nbe taken on each resolution separately ; others that each set be pre- \nsented by itself. During the presentation and discussion of these \nand kindred motions " noise and confusion" bore sway, with much \nexcitement. Deliberation was impossible ; discussion out of the ques- \ntion. All was turmoil and disorder. Bad blood was stirred, and yet \nthe passing scenes were far more farcical than tragical. Here, there \nand everywhere, on the ground, on the seats, in the stand, men were \ntalking \xe2\x80\x94 calling upon the president, whacking the air by violent \ngestures, making suggestions, trying to speak \xe2\x80\x94 and the president \never and anon made an effort to put questions to the meeting. One \ngentleman (Maj. Geo. S. Waters), moved that the proceedings be \npublished in none of the papers ! The Major realized his wish. No \npaper ever will publish, foi no stenographer could report, a full \naccount of what was done and said at the Kansas meeting. There \nwere never witnessed more disorder and excitement at a ground swell \nin a city. An attempt was made to divide the assembly to the right \nand left, according to their choice between the two sets of resolutions, \nbut this failed. \n\nFinally, at the request of gentlemen on both sides of the question, \nand with the concurrence of the presiding officer, A. W. Turner (who \npreferred Dr. Lee\'s), temporarily occupied the chair and succeeded \nin restoring comparative order. His was anew voice, and a clear one, \nand the uproar subsided. He said that there seemed to be no objection \nto the resolutions of Switzler, and therefore he would put the vote upon \n\n\n\n382 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthem en masse. He did so, and they passed by a hirge majority. \nAfter announcing that they had been adopted, Mr. Turner said that \ninasmuch as many had strong objections to some of the resolutions of \nDr. Lee, he would take the vote of the meeting as to whether they should \nbe voted on separately or en masse. The vote was put, and Mr. \nTurner announced he could not decide. At this point, uproar and \nconfusion again resumed the mastery. Something was heard, for the \nfirst time by the chairman and many others, about an appeal of Dr. \nLee from the decision in regard to the vote on Switzler\'s resolutions. \nSwelling above the tumult were the loud demands of Sterling Price, \nJr., one of the adjunct professors in the University, for a vote on Dr. \nJjee\' s appeal / Maj. Rollins and others denied that an appeal had been \ntaken. Amidst the uproar that prevailed, the vociferous cry of " Mr. \nPresident! "" was heard from a distant point of the amphitheatre, \nand a gentleman in that direction was seen apparently seeking to at- \ntract the attention of the chairman by violent motions with his white \nbeaver. It was President Shannon, of the State University. He op- \nposed Switzler\'s resolutions, and denounced the sixth of the series as \ncontaining " lurking treason to the South." Maj. Rollins promptly \ndenied the allegation, and demanded that the "treason" be shown,, \nbut it was not. \n\nThe friends of Dr. Lee\'s resolution then withdrew from the regular \nmeeting, and at a point outside of the amphitheatre called Col. Young \nto preside, and passed his resolutions unanimously. \n\nAt the conclusion of the regular meeting, Mr. Guitar and Maj. Rol- \nlins, in response to calls made upon them, addressed the assembly in \nsoul-stirring and eloquent denunciations of Abolitionism, Freesoilism, \nand Nullification, exhorting the people to law and order, to unyield- \ning defence of their rights, and to adherence to our glorious Unioa \nat all hazards and to the last extremity. \n\n" E. K, KLAMPUS VIETUS." . \n\nIn November, 1854, a Harko (lodge) of this order was organized \nin Columbia, with about forty members. It claims to have originated \nwith Confucius, the great Chinese philosopher, and was introduced into \nthe United States by the Chinese in California. The following are the \noflScers of Columbia Harko : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThos. A. Russell, Most Worthy Grand Gyrescutus; J. S. Dorsey, Right Worthy Gos-ty- \npath-e; Wm. H. Provines, Le-ang Ther-ma-path-e-ho ; J. M. Bates, Senior Ho-ta-tote ; S. \nA. Garth, Junior Ho-ta-tote ; E. T. Withers, Yang-se-to-ag ; W. Crow, Din-ar-es-e-ang; C. \nH. Field, Lin-to-ag ; L. E. Wright, Lo-to-ag. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 383 \n\n\n\nTHESPIAN HALL, COLUMBIA. \n\n\n\nIn February, 1856, some of the citizens of Columbia formed an as- \nsociation for the purpose of cultivating the drama. Dr. Wm. H. Lee, \nwho now resides at Mexico, Mo., was elected president; Odon Guitar, \nvice-president; J. F. Baker, treasurer; Jas. Thompson (foreman of \nthe Statesman printing office), secretary; S. A, Young, stage di- \nrector, and E, P. Rogers, chairman of the finance committee. The \nassociation purchased the old Union Church, and proceeded without \ndelay to fit it up with a stage and seats for a Town and Thespian \nHall. On Saturday night, June 28, 1856, the company gave their \nfirst entertainment before a crowded house, rendering the popular \nfarces, "Limerick Boy" and "Irish Tutor," and a few evenings \nafter, "Fortune\'s Frolic." Later in the season the troupe performed \nthe popular comedy, " His Last Legs," and the farce, "Kill or Cure," \nand won many laurels. Encouraged by the success they had achieved, \nthe company finally assumed the responsibility of presenting such play& \nas the "Lady of Lyons." Pecuniarily, the enterprise was not a \nsuccess, and the building, together Avith the paraphernalia of the \nstage, were sold to W. F. Switzler, who, owning the adjacent build- \nings, tore down the front part of the hall and converted the rear \ninto a kitchen and servants\' rooms. \n\nNEW COUNTY JAIL. \n\nIn August, 1856, the contract for the erection of a new stone jail \nwas let to B. McAlester atf $11,000, who sub-let the stone work to \nCharles Cameron. It is the same jail the county now has, and consists \nof a prison proper with hall and four cells, together with a two-story \nframe residence, for the jailer, adjoining the prison. The jail is also \ntwo stories high, walls two feet thick resting on a foundation five feet \nin thickness and which covers the whole area of the building. Roof \nalso of stone, no wood being used in the construction of the building \nexcept a second roof of shingles covering the one of stone. \n\nDAILY MAIL TO JEFFERSON CITY. \n\nOn Monday, August 24, 1856, Moore & Walker, mail contractors, \ncommenced running a daily line of four-horse mail coaches between \nColumbia and Jefferson City via Ashland and Claysville. This Avas \nthe first direct mall of any kind ever established between the Stata \ncapital and the State University. \n\n\n\n384 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nBOONE COUNTY TROOPS FOR KANSAS. \n\n\n\nThe question of the admission of Kansas into the Union, with or \nwithout a constitution recognizing shivery, was a subject which greatly \nexcited the people of Missouri and of Boone County. At all periods \nof our history, a question of great delicacy and fraught with elements \nof popular upheavals with tendencies to frenzy and passion, the desire \nto plant the institution of slavery in Kansas assumed, in Boone County, \nvery alarming proportions. And yet the people were divided in \nregard to it, one part of them maintaining that if Kansas were ad- \nmitted into the Union as a free State it would jeopardize the institution \nof slavery in Missouri, and that this fact, together with the efforts \nthen being made by the emigrant aid societies of New England to \norganize the State with a free constitution, justified contravailing \nefforts to accomplish its admission on a pro-slavery basis. The other \nparty maintained that the people of Missouri could not legally or \nrightfully mterfere in the matter, and that any effort on their part by \nparticipation as voters in the elections of Kansas, or by force of arras \nto coerce that State into the Union with a pro-slavery constitution, \nwas revolutionary and calculated to foment civil war. \n\nNevertheless, some of the more active and ultra-slavery prop- \nagandists met in Columbia, in August, 1856, for the purpose of \nenlisting and organizing a military company " to aid the pro-slavery \nparty in Kansas Territory in resisting the assaults of the Abolition- \nists." S. A. Young was elected Captain ; S. B. Hatton, First Lieu- \ntenant ; George W. Miller, Second Lieutenant ; Irvin H. Field, \nEnsign, and John J. Howe, Orderly Sergeant. Col. Young resigned \nthe captaincy, and the duties of that position (we suppose) devolved, \nat least temporarily, upon Lieutenant Hatton. At all events, on \nWednesday, August 27, the company, consisting of some forty mem- \nbers, took up the line of march " for the seat of war." \n\nThe contending factions in Kansas having precipitated upon that \nTerritory actual hostilities, by a battle at Osawattamie between the \npro-slavery forces, under Gen. J. W. Reid, and the Abolitionists under \nold John Brown, the excitement in Boone County reached fever heat, \nand on Monday, September 8, a Kansas meeting was held in \nColumbia \xe2\x80\x94 John Slack, president, and J. W. Hickara, secretary \xe2\x80\x94 \nto which Dr. W. H. Lee reported from a committee that the County \nCourt be called upon to appropriate $5,000 for the purpose of arming \nand equipping one hundred volunteers to go to Kansas, which was \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 385 \n\nadopted. A committee was appointed to wait upon the court, but the \nappropriation was never made. Nevertheless, on the next day after \nthe meeting, the citizens contributing about $200 to aid in defraying \ntheir expenses, about twenty persons started for Kansas, among them \nLewis W. Kobinson and Samuel A. Young. Previous to their leaving, \nhowever, these persons met and, on motion of L. W. Robinson, it was \nresolved that they went to Kansas, " not as volunteer soldiers, but as \ncitizens, free to act as our judgment and circumstances may dictate \nafter we shall have arrived in the Territory ; that we will not do \nanything in violation of the laws of Kansas, the laws and Constitu- \ntion of the United States, or that is not right." \n\nWhat was done in Kansas, either by the volunteers or citizens of \nBoone, cannot now be learned. It is known, however, that peace was \nin a few days restored, and that by the 20th of September, Gen\'l \nHatton, Col. Young, Mr. Robinson and most of the Boone company, \nreturned home. \n\nTRIAL, CONVICTION AND EXECUTION OF JOHN CHAPMAN, FOR MURDER. \n\nAbout ten o\'clock, a. m., on Friday, June 29, 1855, John Chap- \nman, who then resided on the county road, between Hallsville and \nCentralia, committed one of the most unprovoked and cowardly mur- \nders known to the criminal annals of the county. John C. Denham, \nwhom he murdered, lived not far distant. He was a poor and inoffen- \nsive man, with a wife and children. On the day of his murder he was \nplowing in his field, unconscious of danger. Chapman, in order to \nexecute his diabolical purpose, had secreted himself with a loaded \nrifle near the fence. As Denham drove his horse near, and when in \ntwelve paces of him. Chapman fired from ambush, lodging a large ball \nin Denham\' s head. He fell lifeless in the fresh made furrow, and the \nmurderer retired to his home. \n\nVer}^ soon after the crime, suspicion rested upon Chapman, and he \nfled to Ohio, whither he was pursued, but not caught. A year or \nmore afterwards he secretly returned to this county, was discovered, ap- \nprehended, and lodged in jail. In 1857 he obtained a change of venue to \nHoward County, and on Friday, April 17, was taken from our county jail \nin charge of James H. Waugh, deputy sheriff, to Fayette, where he \nwas incarcerated to await his trial. From one cause and another, the \ntrial did not occur until the June term, 1858, of the Howard Circuit \nCourt, W. A. Hall, Judge. The prosecution was conducted with \nmarked ability and power by John F. Williams, Circuit Attorney, and \n25 \n\n\n\n386 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nRobert T. Prewitt, of Fayette. The defence, with a zeal and eloquence \nunsurpassed in criminal trials in the West, by J. S. Rollins and Odon \nGuitar, of Columbia, Jerre P. Lancaster, of Ralls, and Andrew J. \nHerndon, of Howard. \n\nThe evidence was entirely circumstantial, but so clear and convinc- \ning, that notwithstanding the ability and eloquence of his attorneys, \nthe jury rendered a verdict of guilty, and Judge Hall sentenced the \nprisoner to be hung at Fayette, on Friday, July 16, 1858. On the \nway to the gallows, he was accompanied by Revs. Noah Flood and \nTyson Dines, a relative, and the sheriff, Boyd McCrary. Upon emerging \nfrom the jail, he looked calm, and took his seat in the wagon with com- \nposure. On the way to the gallows he conversed with his relative, in \nlow, but earnest tones; arrived there, he bade him good-bj^e, and \nmounted the scaffold with a steady step. Upon being asked if he \ndesired to make any remarks, he arose and spoke, in substance, as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nI feel it a duty to say a few last words. I bear no malice towards any human being. I \nhave found it hard to forgive my enemies, but thank God, He has enabled me to do it. My \npoor voice cannot tell the suffering my enemies have caused me, but all is forgiven. I have \na soul to be saved or lost, but thank Grod I have a hope, a bright hope, that all is well. \nI never felt it till last night ; I then forgave all, and trust that I was forgiven. I came to this \nState alone, and settled in Boone County; Grod knows I ought not to have an enemy in \nBoone. All has been said and done by one or two enemies. Chapman had done this and \nChapman had done that, and false reports had been spread abroad, while everything favora- \nble had been suppressed. False reports, black as night, persecutions beyond mortal concep- \ntion, have been heaped upon me. I stand before j\'ou and speak in view of judgment; no \nuse, dear friends, to dissemble now. I have been in jail sixteen months, and suffered much, \nbut God has spoken peace to my soul. My life was threatened by bitter enemies, and they \nare about to get it, for no cause. Hundreds of you have heard and believed false reports, \nand you only have the voice of a poor old man against them. I leave these false reports and \nenemies all behind. I thank God the reports were false, and forgive my enemies. I have a \ndear little son, who is near to my heart, but I have not been permitted to see him, although \nI understand he was within four miles of town. I hope my son will be raised up in truth \nand honesty, and be a useful man, and that I shall hereafter meet him in Heaven, where I \ntrust in God I am going. I was snatched away from my wife and poor little child, and have \nnot been permitted to see them ; this was the work of my enemies, but I forgive them all, \nand hope to meet them in Heaven. I am a poor old man, about to die on false reports, and \nthis ought to be a warning to all men. Did I think I would ever come to this? I settled \namong men who have sworn my life away \xe2\x80\x94 who snatched me from my wife and poor little \nson ; they swore to have my life, and they are about to succeed, but only my poor voice says \nthis. This world is a world of wickedness and trouble, and it is about time for God to make \na change. \n\nHe commenced in a firm, low tone of voice, but when he came to \nspeak of his child, evinced considerable emotion, and continued in a \nrapid, disconnected manner. ^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 387 \n\nAfter he had spoken, Kev. Dines offered a feeling and appropriate \nprayer, kneeling with the prisoner, who gave freqnent audible re- \nsponses. Mr. Dines then asked liim if he had anything further to \nsay, or desired anything said. He replied in the negative, and to \nfurther remarks expressed entire confidence in God and resignation to \nhis fate. \n\nMr. Flood asked if he still declared himself innocent? He \nresponded, "Yes." He also inquired if he felt prepared for his \nfate ? He replied he did ; that God was all-powerful ; he trusted \nin Him ; had forgiven his enemies, and hoped to meet them all in \nHeaven. \n\nAll having retired from tiie scaffold, except the sheriff, he annonnceS \nto the prisoner that the time had arrived and he must execute the law. \nThe prisoner shook hands with him, and desired to meet him in \nHeaven. After the ropes were adjusted and the cap pulled over his \nface, he said, ^\'Lorcl be with me in this last trial,\'\' and was launched \ninto eternity. \n\nThroughout the entire scene he evinced no visible agitation, except \nwhen he referred to his son. He was either innocent, or one of the \nmost desperately wicked men that ever lived or died. He informed \nhis spiritual advisers that he experienced a change in his feelings the \nnight before his execution \xe2\x80\x94 that he then forgave his enemies and felt \nthat God had forgiven him. To them he protested his innocence, first \nand last, in the most positive and solemn manner. \n\nChapman was from Ohio \xe2\x80\x94 came to this State some five or six years \nbefore his death \xe2\x80\x94 was about 45 years old, and left a wife and one \nchild. \n\nEIGHARD C. BRANHAM LOST IN GALVESTON BAY. \n\nIn May, 1857, R. C. Branham, an old citizen, and for many years \na prominent merchant in Columbia, and Dr. M. R. Arnold, of Boone \nCounty, made a trip to Texas for the purpose of looking at the coun- \ntry \xe2\x80\x94 both being passengers on the steamship "Louisiana," Capt. \nSheppard. The vessel took fire about 1 o\'clock on the morning of May \n31, 1857, in Galveston Bay, and when about eight miles from the city. \nAll the passengers were asleep when the fire broke out, but some of \nthem awaking lowered the larboard life-boat and jumped into it, cap- \nsizing the boat and drowning six or eight persons, among whom was \nMr. Branham. \n\nThose who were in another life-boat, among whom was Dr. Arnold^ \nwere more fortunate and escaped, and arriving at Galveston about \n\n\n\n388 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, \n\nsunrise, gave the first intelligence of the catastrophe. Mr. Branham\'s \nbody was never recovered. \n\nJOE EOBINSON, A NEGRO MAN, EXECUTED FOR THE MURDER OF JAMES \n\nT. POINTS. \n\nAbout 7 o\'clock on Saturday morning, September 26, 1857, James \nT. Points, living about twelve miles north of Columbia, and near Mt. \nZion meeting house, was murdered by a negro man, Joe, about \neighteen years old, belonging to Mr. Wm. Robinson. Mr. Points \nhad Joe in his employ for the year, and on Friday had sent him to \nthe woods to make rails. Returning that evening, he told Mr. P. \nhe had made a certain number. Next morning (Saturday) he went \nto the woods with the negro, and found that he had told him a false- \nhood as to the number, whereupon Mr. P. expressed his determin- \nation to chastise him. Nothing of the kind, however, was attempted \nat the time, and nothing more said about it. Mr. P. proceeded to \nassist the negro in splitting a large log at which he was at work. \nAfter a time he became fatigued and sat down to rest. While \nin this position the negro, picking his opportunity, struck Mr. P. \non the head with the poll of the axe, knocking him down. In a \nshort time he gave evidences of returning consciousness, whereupon \nthe murderer gave him a second blow Avith the axe, killing him out- \nright. He then placed the body upon Mr. P.\'s saddle-horse, and \ntook it a half mile distant into the woods and threw it under some \nbrush to conceal it. After this he returned to his work. \n\nMr. P. not returning at night, his family became uneasy, and some \nof the neighbors, suspecting foul play, at once arrested Joe, who next \nmorning confessed the crime an.d told where he had secreted the body. \nThe murderer was at once committed to the county jail. A special \nterm of the Circuit Court was held on Saturday, August 2, Judge \nHall presiding, a grand jury being empanelled, an indictment was \nfound against him for murder in the first degree, and the prisoner \nwas arraio^ned for trial. Odon Guitar and Lewis W. Robinson were \nassigned him as counsel, who advised him as to his rights and respon- \nsibilities under the law. Having no defence to make, he plead guilty \nto the indictment, and was sentenced to be hung on Friday, Novem- \nber 13th ; after which he was remanded to prison to await his execu- \ntion, which occurred about a mile west of the court house, on the \nRocheport road, and between the present residences of Mrs. Cornelius \nMaupin and Mr. Jacob W. Strawn. Jerry Orear was sherifi". \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 389 \n\n# \n\n4 \nDRUNKEN RIOT IN ROCHEPORT CITIZENS\' MEETING. \n\nOn Saturday, March 6, 1858, two young men, citizens of Howard \nCounty, by the name of Joysen Patton and William Thomas, \ncame to Rocheport early in the day, and as soon as prac- \nticable got drunk, and commenced yelling and screaming like \ndevils, and making use of very obscene and indecent language, \nuntil about four or five o\'clock, when they mounted their horses and \ncommenced riding up and down the streets in a most furious and \ndefiant manner. One of them, Col. Patton, drew a Colt\'s revolver, \nand rode his horse upon the pavement, which was densely crowded \nwith men and children, and put spurs to him and tried to ride over \nevery person on the sidewalk, and had his pistol presented at the \ncrowd as he passed, threatening to kill any person who would attempt \nto arrest him in his lawless career. At this juncture of the game. \nOfficer Thornton made his appearance with a posse of citizens, and \ncalled upon the rioters to surrender themselves to the authorities of \nthe town, which request they spurned, and bid defiance to the officer \nand his assistants, and threatened to kill any man who would dare \ntouch them. The officer, determined on executing the laAV, rushed \nupon the rioters and ordered them to stop, saying that they should \nnot be punished except by due process of law, at which time Patton \nwheeled his horse, facing the officer and about one hundred people, \nand deliberately fired two shots into the crowd, one of which struck \nJ. L. Lewis\' coat in the left breast, but did him no injury. Mr. Thorn- \nton then drew a revolver and discharged one shot at the rioters without \neffect, whereupon Patton fired his third shot, the volley passing over \nthe heads of the crowd and striking a family residence. The depre- \ndators then turned and fled, and several gentlemen with the officer \npursued them several miles from town, and would doubtless have ar- \nrested them, but one of the pursuers was unfortunately kicked by a \nhorse, and was thought to have been seriously injured, but was not. \n\nThese disorderly proceedings aroused the latent indignation and \ntemperance sentiments of the people to such an extent that they met \nin the town ballon Tuesday, March 9th, when, on motion of Hugh L. \nForsythe, Dr. George B. Wilcox was called to the chair, and Frank \nD. Evans appointed secretary. \n\nOn motion of James B. Watson, a committee of five was appointed \nto wait upon those who were engaged in the liquor traffic at Roche- \nport, and request them to give up their stock of liquors, to be re- \n\n\n\n390 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nturned to St. Louis, and that the conimittee be empowered, on behalf \nof the citizens, to purchase said liquors, which motion was unan- \nimously adopted. On motion, the meeting adjourned to meet at early \ncandle-light. \n\nEVENING SESSION. \n\nThe meeting met pursuant to adjournment. \n\nOn motion, T. F. Clayton was called to the chair and F. D. Evans \nappointed secretary. \n\nThe chair made a report that the committee to whom was delegated \nthe power to purchase the liquors m the town, had so far performed \ntheir duty as to take possession of eight hundred dollars\' worth, which \nthey had purchased from the venders, subject to a reshipment to St. \nLouis, which report, on motion, was adopted. \n\nOn motion of Martin Staley, a committee of three was appointed \nto draft and report resolutions expressive of the sentiments of the \nmeeting. Whereupon the Chair appointed E.. S. Robinson, Dr. A. \nPatton and Martin Staley. \n\nThe committee reported the following preamble and resolutions : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, In view of the untold miseries whicli have been inflicted upon the human \nfemily by the liquor traffic, and our determination to wage a war of extermination against \nsaid traffic in our midst \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, 1. That we heartily indorse the action of the committee appointed by the \nmeeting of this morning, in taking charge of the liquors in this town. \n\n2. That having purchased all of the stock of liquors now on hand, we are determined \nthat no more liquor shall be landed at this place to be sold in anj" shape or form whatever. \n\n3. That a committee of sixty-eight be appointed, whose duty it shall be to carry into ef- \n\n\xc2\xabfect the object of the second resolution. \n\nT. F. Clayton, Ch\'n. \nF. D. Evans, Sec\'y. \n\nWhich preamble and resolutions were unanimously adopted. \n\nCommittee of Vigilance, appointed by the Chair : G. B. Wilcox, E. \nHulett, Dr. A. Patton, T. F. Clayton, Jno. Glazier, Thos. Chapman, \nThos. Waller, Col. J. Corbett, Jno. A. Evans, J. B. Jones, Mc Welsh, \nKo. G. Lyle, Wm. Gellaspie, Frank Bentley, Dr. Jno. Wilcox, L. \nBentley, Peter Ross, H. W. Crow, R. S. Miller, L. Burroughs, W. \nW. Morgan, J. R. Clayton, Ro. Wood, Jas. Tindall, H. Tumy, Jas. \n\nA. Hill, Jno. Funk, J. W. Davis, B. F. Dimmitt, Jno. S. Lewis, A. \n\nB. Potts, Jas. B. Watson, Jas. H. Chandler, H. G. Hopper, Gen. \nHatton, Geo. Raulins, S. Conrad, Jno. S. Clayton, Jno. Evans, Sr., \nJas. Thornton, Geo. Watts, Jno. Smith, Geo. R. Wilson, Jno. E. \nAdair, Allen Bysfield, Jno. A. Wallace, S. M. Bradley, Geo. W. \nFreeman, W. Crump, O. T. Stevens, David Bailey, Jos. Burger, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 391 \n\nMartin Staley, Jos. Conrad, W. T, Evans, Jno. W. Roberts, E. In- \nman, Jno. Q. Orr, Jas. Bradley, Ed. Miller, H.\' L. Forsythe, J. H. \nChambers, W. H. Bailey, J. J. Lampkins, John Shanks, Jas. C. Orr, \nF. D. Evans. \n\nSOLDIERS OF THE WAR OF 1812. \n\nIn November, 1857, the following soldiers of the war of 1812, all of \nwhom were then residents of Boone county, and all of whom, with- \nout excejDtion, are now dead, petitioned Congress to pass a law grant- \ning the soldiers of that war pensions for life. The age and place of \nnativity of each are given with their names : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nDavid Todd, born in Kentucky ; aged 71 years and 6 months ; health good. \n\nNorborne B. Spottswood, born in Virginia; aged 67 years and 2 months; health indif- \nferent. \n\nHiram Phillips, born in Virginia; aged 66 years and 6 months; general debility. \n\nJohn Davenport, born in Virginia; aged 64 years and 6 months ; partly deaf ; wounded at \nthe battle of Eiver Raisin. \n\nBerkley Estes, born in Virginia; aged 60 years. \n\nJohn Barnes, born in Kentucky ; aged 64 years and 8 months ; partly deaf. \n\nAbraham Davenport, born in Virginia; aged 77 years; general debility. \n\nCyrus Lusk, born in Kentucky ; aged 61 years and 3 months ; health good. \n\nJames King, born in Kentucky ; aged 62 years ; very indifferent health. \n\nGabriel Parker, born in Maryland ; aged 66 years ; health good. \n\nHenry Berry, bofn in Kentucky ; aged 60 years ; health first-rate. \n\nJohn Green, born in Kentucky ; aged 67 years ; in feeble health. \n\nJames Green, born in Kentucky ; aged 71 years; weakness. \n\nIsaac Williams, born in Pennsylvania ; aged 66 years and 7 months ; health not very good, \n\nThompson Hardin, born in Virginia; aged 72 years ; health indifferent. \n\n"W illiam Sims, born in Kentucky ; aged 67 years ; health feeble. \n\nBenjamin Brookshire, born in North Carolina; aged 6l3\'ears; health feeble. \n\nJohn Weller, born in Virginia ; aged 67 years ; health good. \n\nSamuel B. Todd, born in Kentucky ; aged 64i years ; health tolerable (wounded in battle). \n\nHugh Melvin, born in Kentucky ; aged 73 years ; health feeble. \n\nLemuel B. Searcy, born in Kentucky ; aged 68 years ; health but common. \n\nAllen Coats, born in North Carolina; aged 87 years; very stout, but deaf. (In Dudley\'s \ndefeat.) \n\nFleetwood flerndon, born in Virginia; aged 64 years; health tolerable. \n\nCornelius Vanausdale, born in Virginia; aged 65 years; health feeble. \n\nJohn Caruthers, born in Virginia ; aged 64 years ; nearly blind. \n\nJohn Barclay, born in Kentucky\' ; aged 66 years ; sorely afflicted. \n\nGreenbury Jacobs, born in Virginia; aged 73 years; health good. \n\nJames Thomas, born in Virginia; aged 65 years and 5 months; badly afflicted. \n\nElijah Stephens, born in North Carolina ; aged 73 years ; health tolerably good. \n\nCOUNTY clerk\'s SAFE BLOWN OPEN. \n\nOn Tuesday night, July 13, 1858, the iron safe in the county \nclerk\'s office in Columbia was blown open with gunpowder, and up- \nwards of $400 belonging to Judge Woodson, County Clerk, stolen \n\n\n\n392 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\ntherefrom. The thieves broke the fastenhigs off the shutters of the \nfront window and thus effected an entrance to the office. The heavy \niron safe was then rolled from its place near the wall, turned over \nfront upwards and after powder was introduced through the key \nhole the two doors were blown off their hinges. The first or outside \ndoor was thick and heavy ; yet it was blown against the ceiling of the \nroof tearing off the plastering on a spot the size of the door. None \nof the papers were injured or taken. No clue to the thieves was ever \ndiscovered. \n\nLARGEST TAX-PAYERS IN 1858 AND 1881. \n\nThe following is a list of twenty-two of the largest tax-payers in \nBoone county for the years 1858 and 1881, respectively. For the \nlist of 1881 we are indebted to the Columbia Herald: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nFOR 1858. \n\n\n\n\nFOR 1881. \n\n\n\n\n1. Eli E. Bass \n\n\n$852 95 \n\n\n1. James S. Rollins \n\n\n$1,234 02 \n\n\n2. James S. Rollins \n\n\n370 19 \n\n\n2. James T. McBain . \n\n\n1,106 67 \n\n\n3. Austin Bradford \n\n\n367 11 \n\n\n3. R. B. Price \n\n\n. 841 21 \n\n\n4. George R. Jacobs \n\n\n309 36 \n\n\n4. John C. Conley \xe2\x80\xa2 . \n\n\n. 798 34 \n\n\n5. Moss Prewitt . \n\n\n294 19 \n\n\n5. Jefferson Garth \n\n\n. 741 04 \n\n\n6. M. G. Singleton \n\n\n273 52 \n\n\n6. Joel H. Haden . \n\n\n. 711 88 \n\n\n7. Jefferson Garth \n\n\n273 16 \n\n\n7. George A. Bradford \n\n\n. 662 04 \n\n\n8. Fielding Curtis . \n\n\n272 38 \n\n\n6. R. T. Prewitt\'s estate \n\n\n. 615 09 \n\n\n9. E. B. Fullenwider ; \n\n\n228 00 \n\n\n9. James Harris\' estate \n\n\n. 512 28 \n\n\n10. Wm. C. Robinett \n\n\n218 48 \n\n\n10. N. T. Mitchell, Sr. \n\n\n. 478 06 \n\n\n11, James M. Gordon \n\n\n205 ,08 \n\n\n11. J. K. Rogers . \n\n\n.475 45 \n\n\n12. Newman B. Starlie . \n\n\n. 199 70 \n\n\n12. 0. Guitar . \n\n\n. 472 22 \n\n\n13. Capt. Wm. Smitti \n\n\n, 199 51 \n\n\n13. Silas W. Warren \n\n\n. 462 94 \n\n\n14. H. M.Clarkson. \n\n\n193 89 \n\n\n14. J. H. Waugh . \n\n\n. 444 05 \n\n\n15. James Harris . \n\n\n. 192 93 \n\n\n15. John Machir \n\n\n. 438 14 \n\n\n16. John C. McKinney . \n\n\n. 190 94 \n\n\n16. E. C. More, \n\n\n. 412 24 \n\n\n17. Dr. Wm. McClure . \n\n\n. 180 52 \n\n\n17. John S. Clarkson \n\n\n. 411 30 \n\n\n18. William Cochran \n\n\n. 185 90 \n\n\n18. Daniel Mayer . \n\n\n. 403 73 \n\n\n19. John Machir \n\n\n. 185 11 \n\n\n19. S. E. Lenoir \n\n\n. 381 54 \n\n\n20. Archibald W. Turner \n\n\n. 160 72 \n\n\n20. W. W. Tucker . \n\n\n. 380 55 \n\n\n21. John W. Rollins \n\n\n. 159 57 \n\n\n21. J. S. Moss \n\n\n. 374 91 \n\n\n22. John H. Eield . \n\n\n. 149 90 \n\n\n22 B.P. Ritchie \n\n\n. 267 72 \n\n\n\nAggregate taxes of the 22, $5,662 21 \n\n\n\nAggregate taxes of the 22, $13,725 42 \n\n\n\nCOLUMBIA LIBRARY ASSOCIATION \n\nOn November 29, 1858, a meeting was held in Columbia to organ- \nize a library association, of which Warren Woodson acted as presi- \ndent, and Dr. Fayette Clapp secretary. W. F. Switzler, George C. \nSwallow and Robert L. Todd were appointed a committee to draft a \nconstitution, which they reported to a subsequent meeting and it was \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 393 \n\nadopted. The association was permanently organized December 20, \n1858, by the election of the following officers : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nPresident, Warren Woodson; Secretary, Robert L. Todd; Treasurer, R. B. Price; \nLibrarian, Thomas Y. Gentry; Executive Committee, Jonathan Kirkbride, Moss \nPrewitt and W. F. Switzler; Library Committee, J. J. Jacob, X. X. Buckner and \nJoseph K. Rogers. \n\nThe association established a circulating library, purchased a large \nnumber of books, and for several years held a prosperous career, but \nin time its members failed to hold meetings, and the books were \nfinally deposited in the University library, where they now are. \n\nPRICES OF NEGROES HIRED AND SOLD IN 1859. \n\nIt will be interesting as a matter of history, especially to the \nyounger readers of this volume, to record the prices at which slaves \nwere publicly hired for one year and sold for life, in Columbia, on \nJanuary 1, 1859, Wm. Lampton, auctioneer, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBELONGING TO WILLIAM SUTTON. \n\nEllen, aged about 12 years . . . $50 00 | Harrison, aged about 8 years . . $1 00 \n\nBELONGING TO MORGAN BRYANT\'S ESTATE. \n\nHarriet, 15 years to Aprillst, 1859 #8 00 1 Nancy 12 years, to April 1st, 1869 . .\'$2 25 \nHenry, 14 years, to April 1st, 1859 . 22 00 1 \n\nBELONGING TO J. H. WILKERSON\'S ESTATE. \n\nMilly and child $90 00 | Charlotte $46 00 \n\nBELONGING TO JOHN SHOCK\'S ESTATE. \n\n\n\nKirk, aged 13 years $56 00 \n\nNat, aged 11 years 20 GO \n\n\n\nEstate Rev. Dr. Hall, Alex, to J. \nP. Burnham $336 \n\n\n\nJames, aged 24 years .... $201 00 \n\nElijah, aged 16 years 156 00 \n\nGreen, aged 15 years \xe2\x80\xa2 . . . . 151 00 \n\nBELONGING TO MARY SHOCK\'S ESTATE. \n\nMary and child $55 00 | Peter $202 00 \n\nNEGROES SOLD. \n\nJ. S. Clarkson\'s Mary, 23 years, to \n\nH, R. Cowden $1,110 \n\nWillis, to J. H, Waugh 310 \n\nW. H. IRWIN\'S NEGROES, SOLD ON TWELVE MONTHS\' CREDIT. \n\nEliza and child, toT. C. Parker . . $1,140 I J. F. Burnham\'s Dave, 9 years, to \n\nJohn, 10 years old, to Robert Lemon . 610 I J. Maddex $450 \n\nJack, 9 years old 660 A. Sublett\'s Mary, to H. R. C. Cow- \nMary, 7 years old, to W. D. True . .467 den 1,000 \n\nMartha, 7 years, to J. M. Samuel . . 220 | \n\nTOWN CLOCK. \n\nThe inauguration of the enterprise which resulted in the purchase \nof a town clock for Columbia, and which now can be seen in the \n\n\n\n394 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\ncupola of the Court House, is largely due to James L. Stephens. \nHe made the suggestion and contributed a large amount of the means \nin July, 1859, and before the end of that year the clock was in posi- \ntion, paid for and performing its office. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER X. \n\nTHE CIVIL WAR COMMENCED \xe2\x80\x94 HISTORY FROM 1860 TO 1863. \n\nPresidential and Congressional Election of 1860 \xe2\x80\x94 Contest between Kollins and Henderson \nfor Congress \xe2\x80\x94 " Minch or Munch," which ? \xe2\x80\x94 A Laughable Anecdote \xe2\x80\x94 The election of \nMr. Lincoln \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County Southern Rights Meeting, in 1861 \xe2\x80\x94 Union Meeting in \nBoone, in 1861 \xe2\x80\x94 Capture of Camp Jackson \xe2\x80\x94 First Federal Troops in Boone \xe2\x80\x94 Swee- \nney\'s Raid on Rollins\' Farm \xe2\x80\x94 Attempt to Assassinate Col. Switzler \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Prentiss Visit* \nColumbia \xe2\x80\x94 Cols. Glover and Birge\'s troops in Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Fight at Mount Zion Church \n\xe2\x80\x94 Federal and Confederate Accounts \xe2\x80\x94 "Merrill\'s Horse " \xe2\x80\x94 Arrest of Citizens Oath \nof Loyalty \xe2\x80\x94 Union Military Display \xe2\x80\x94 A Federal Soldier Disgraced \xe2\x80\x94 Arrival of Col. \nOdon Guitar in Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Military Suppression of the Coluvahm Standard Newspn-per \xe2\x80\x94 \nColumbia Trustees Ousted \xe2\x80\x94 Flag Presented to " Merrill\'s Horse" \xe2\x80\x94 Death of Lieut. \nTheo. Broolts \xe2\x80\x94 Col. Guitar at Jefferson City \xe2\x80\x94 Roster of his Staff and Officers \xe2\x80\x94 July 4, \n1862, in Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Pursuit of Porter \xe2\x80\x94 Fight at Moore\'s Mill \xe2\x80\x94 Battle at Kirksville \xe2\x80\x94 \nFight at Compton\'s Ferry and Yellow Creek \xe2\x80\x94 Rebel Guerrillas visit Columbia and \nRelease the Prisoners from Jail \xe2\x80\x94 They go to the Statesman Printing Office to Destroy it, \nbut are Dissuaded from Their Purpose \xe2\x80\x94 Col. Switzler Appointed Military Secretary of \nArkansas \xe2\x80\x94 Burning of Mount Zion Church \xe2\x80\x94 Flag Presentations\xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Guitar\'s Head- \nquarters at Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Sword Presented to Him \xe2\x80\x94 61st Regiment Enrolled Missouri \nMilitia \xe2\x80\x94 Col. Joseph B. Douglass. \n\nELECTION RETURNS FROM 1860 TO 1863. \n\n* Th^se thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nAUGUST 6th, 1860. \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\nSample Orr 1,522 \n\nHancock Jackson 68 \n\n*C. F. Jackson 1,066 \n\nTotal 2,656 \n\nLIETJT.-GOVERNOR. \n\nT. J. C. Fagg 1,501 \n\nM. M. Parsons 50 \n\n*T. C. Reynolds 1,086 \n\nTotal 2,687 \n\n\n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\n*James S. Rollins 1,514 \n\nJ. B. Henderson 1,062 \n\nTotal .2,576 \n\nSENATOR. \n\n*C. H. Hardin 1,431 \n\nJ. L. Stephens 1,193 \n\nTotal 2,624 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n395 \n\n\n\nELECTION RETURNS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n*John W. Harris 1,438 \n\nJohn P. Horner 1,232 \n\n*J. M. Gordon 1,287 \n\nJ. W. Koberts 1,025 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*John M. Samuel (no opposition) 2,598 \n\nELECTION FOR PRESIDENT, NOT. 1860. \n\nStephen A. Douglas (Democrat) 578 \n\nJohn Bell (Union) l,67l \n\nJohn C. Breckinridge (Democrat) 652 \n\nAbraham Lincoln (Republican) 12 \n\nFEBRUARY 21st, 1861. \n\nDELEGATES TO STATE CONVENTION. \n\n*Eli E. Bass 1,865 \n\n*Jo8ephFlood 1,964 \n\nP. H. McBride 397 \n\n* Warren Woodson 1,764 \n\nF. F. C. Triplett 334 \n\nJeflFerson F. Jones 348 \n\n\n\nNOYEMBER 4th, 1862. \n\nCONGRESS. \n\n*J. S. Rollins 1,024 \n\nArnold Krekel 3 \n\nEollins\' majority in the District 5,426 \n\nSTATE SENATOR. \n\n*.). M. Gordon 975 \n\nThomas Ansel 11 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES \xe2\x80\x94 TWO ELECTED. \n\n*Dr. W. B. Todd 616 \n\n* //m. Slade 603 \n\nF. T.Russell 544 \n\nJ. G. Shelnutt 64 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*James H. Waugh 694 \n\nJames R. Harris 397 \n\nCOUNTY JUDGE. \n\n*David Gordon (no opposition) 939 \n\nCOUNTT TREASURER. \n\n*Moss Prewitt (no opposition) 935 \n\n\n\n1860. \xe2\x80\x94Population of Boone County 19,486. \n\nNothing of very startling public interest occurred in Boone County \nduring the year 1860. The most notable event of the year in the \noounty, and in the nation as well, was the Presidential election \xe2\x80\x94 in \nsome respects the most remarkable in the history of the Republic, \nand will long live in our public annals with the freshness of a new \nevent. It was immediately preceded by the most important "proceed- \nings in Congress and among the people which, up to that period, had \noccurred since the adoption of the Constitutiou. " Switzler\'s His- \ntory of Missouri" says that " among these may be mentioned, as of \nthe greatest significance, the renewal of unexampled violence of \nthe slavery agitation, the repeal of the Missouri compromise of \n1820, the Kansas-Nebraska controversy, the passage of the per- \nsonal liberty bills by several of the Northwestern States, the John \nBrowQ raid at Harper\'s Ferry, in Virginia, and the belligerent and \ndisunion utterances of various distinguished and trusted leaders of \nthe South. \n\n"While the popular excitement occasioned by these events was at its \nheight, the Presidential canvass of 1860 was opened. In the number \n\xe2\x80\xa2of the parties to it, and the character of the gentlemen composing the \n\n\n\n396 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntickets presented for the support of the American people, the canvass \nwas a faithful reflex of popular sentiment, for while it is true the \nslavery question was the chief issue in the struggle, it assumed a mul- \ntiplicity of forms, and separated the people of the United States into \nfour grand divisions, each represented by its national convention and \nnominees for President and Vice President. It was, therefore, a \nquadrangular contest; and could not fail, on account of the inflam- \nmable nature of the questions discussed and the highly respectable \ncharacter of the tickets presented, to excite the profoundest interest \nin every State in the Union." \n\nIn Missouri, so far as the State ticket was concerned, the contest \nwas quadrangular, for the Republican, or Lincoln party, presented \nJ. B. Gardenhire as a candidate for Governor, \xe2\x80\x94 the vote for pres- \nident in the State being; Douglas, 58,801; Bell, 58,372; Breck- \nenridge, 31,317 ; Lincoln, 17,027. Whole number of votes cast, \n158,579 ; the Douglas electors carrying the State over the Bell by \nonly 429 votes. More than half the votes given to Mr. Lincoln \n(9,945) were cast for him in St. Louis. He received only twelve votes \nin Boone County, one in Columbia, three in Ashland and eight in \nClaysville. \n\nFor Governor, each of the parties (Lincoln excepted) had candi- \ndates : Saitiple Orr, Bell-Everett or Union; C. F. Jackson, Douglas \nDemocrat, and Hancock Jackson, Breckenridge Democrat, who, it \nwas understood, represented the more ultra pro-slavery wing of the \nDemocratic party. Orr\'s majority over C. F. Jackson, 456. \n\nBoone County felt an unusual interest in the State and Congres- \nsional canvasses, because two of her distino-uished citizens were candi- \ndates \xe2\x80\x94 Odon Guitar for attorney-general, against J. Proctor Knott \n(D.) and James S. Rollins for Congress, against John B, Henderson \n(Douglas Democrat). Both Guitar and Rollins were candidates on \nthe Bell-Everett, or Union ticket. Guitar\'s majority in Boone, 399, \nRollins\', 452 ; in the district, 253. \n\nThe Bell-Everett national ticket was nominated at Baltimore, and) \nthe platform adopted. It was comprised in a single sentence : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThe constitution or the country, the union of thi states and the enforce- \nment OF the laws. \n\nCol. Switzler was a delegate from Missouri to the convention, \nand it was on his motion that Edward Everett, of Massachusetts, waa \nmade the candidate for Vice-President. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 397 \n\nGrreat enthusiasm was excited in Boone County and in the State in \nthe Presidential, Gubernatorial and Congressional candidacy \xe2\x80\x94 one \nof the national political ditties of the campaign used by the Bell-Ev- \nerett Union party, being the following : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nFriends of the Union, from each mountain and valley. \n\nNow let your glad voices responsively swell ; \nFrom hamlet and cot, let Freemen now rally, \n\nAnd list to the notes of the National Bell. \nOur glorious Eagle spreads his wings now asunder, \n\nWhich Democrats strive to fetter and chain ; \nBut the peal of our Bell, intones of loud thunder, \n\nShall teach them that all their corruption is vain. \n" The Constitution \xe2\x80\x94 The Union \xe2\x80\x94 the Enforcement of Laws." \n\nNo Congressional canvass in the State ever attracted more interest, \nwas characterized by more excitement or conducted with more ability \nthan the canvass between Rollins and Henderson. Both of them \nwere leaders of acknowledged statesmanship and eloquence, tact and \ncourao;e, and lar2:e concourses of enthusiastic and admiring friends \nflocked to their appointments, and made the welkin ring with their \napplause. The anti-slavery agitation was rapibly reaching a climax, \nand the institution of slavery \xe2\x80\x94 its history, its constitutional guaran- \ntees, its influence upon the destiny of Missouri, and the measures and \nparties most likely to secure it against interference, were topics of \nuniversal and angry debate. Very naturally, therefore, one of the \nquestions at issue between Rollins and Henderson was, as the district \nin the aggregate was largely pro-slavery, which was the more worthy \nof being trusted in the national councils by a constituency largely in- \nterested in the stability of the "peculiar institution." Each charged \nthe other with being unsound on the question, with having Freesoil, \nif not Abolition, sympathies, and therefore unworthy of support. \nBut there were two counties in the district, St. Charles and Warren, \nin which there was a large German or Freesoil element, Republican \nin sentiment, whose support was essential to the success of one or the \nother of the candidates. \n\nTherefore the efi^ort of both candidates seemed to be to conciliate \nand receive this independent or Freesoil vote, residing mainly in \nWarren and St. Charles counties. But it was extremely dangerous, \nas both of them well knew, for either of them to go too far in the \nwork of conciliation, lest they might be seriously prejudiced, in the \nminds of the voters in other parts of the district, which were known \nto be generally and violently pro-slavery in their views. \n\n\n\n398 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nBoth of the candidates were known to be liberal in their views on \nthe slavery question, and yet at that critical period of its discussion \nit required a good deal of adroit management and skilful eloquence \nto steer clear of the breakers which presented tliem selves on the sea \n\n\n\n\n224 \n\n\n\nGEN. JOHN B. HENDERSON. \n\n\n\nof party politics, lest in attempting to avoid shipwreck on the Scylla \nof Freesoilism on the one hand they did not go to the bottom on the \nCharybdis of Pro-slaverjn\'sm on the other. \n\nThey had an appointment to speak in the village of Marthasville in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 399 \n\n"Warren county, and as good luck to Rollins would have it, Henderson \nwas too ill to be present ; but Frederick Muench, the leader of the Ger- \nman Freesoilers, was, and he and his friends gave a very attentive \nhearing to the eloquent address of the Major. After its close Mr. \nMuench politely waited on the Major, and they discussed not only a \nbottle of German-made wine together, but the political situation of \nthe district. Mr. Muench frankly complimented him on his speech \nand told him he thought the Germans could safely intrust the princi- \nples advocated by them to his hands, and therefore would use his in- \nfluence with them to support him, all of which was " flannel " to the \nMajor\'s anxious and patriotic heart. \n\nThis was the first meeting between Rollins and Muench, but pre- \ncisely what passed will pehaps never be known, as Mr. Muench is \ndead and the Major may have forgotten. Bej\'ond doubt, however, it \nwas this meeting and Henderson\'s absence from the speaking that de- \ncided the contest in favor of Rollins, whose majority in the district \nwas only 254. \n\nBut we are now about to touch " the funny bone " of the subject. \nA few days after the meeting and while he was yet under the influence \nof Rollins\' liberal views on the slavery question and his finely turned \nperiods, Mr. Muench, without Rollins knowing anything of his \nintentions to do so, wrote a letter to a German Freesoil paper \nat Hannibal in which he expressed a preference for Rollins over \nHenderson, saying he believed the Germans might siifely support him, \nthat he had met him and found him a very interesting and persuasive \ngentlemvm, etc. \n\nThe letter to the Hannibal paper was translated into English, and \nfor Henderson\'s benefit re-published in the St. Louis Republican, \nwhich advocated his election; and on the morning of their joint dis- \ncussion at Sturgeon, reached there a short time before the hour of \nspeaking. Rollins did not know it had appeared in print, but Hen- \nderson got hold of a paper containing it, and in his opening address \nmade a terrific onslauo;ht on Rollins for havino; been baro;ainino^ with \nthe German Freesoilers of Warren and St. Charles to vote for him \non the ground of his Freesoil principles. \n\nRollins promptly jumped to his feet and defiantly denied it. Hen- \nderson responded \xe2\x80\x94 " I will prove it on him ; I charge that one Mr. \nMinch, a German, has written a letter urging the Germans to vote \nfor him, and after he had an interview with Minch." Rollins denied \n\n\n\n400 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nhe knew any such man as Mhich ; thereupon Henderson read the \nletter somewhat to Rollins\' embarrassment. Portions of the crowd \nhurrahed for Henderson, but Rollins rose with much equanimity, real \nor assumed, and said defiantly \xe2\x80\x94 "Read the name of the author." \nHenderson did it, "Frederick Minch." "Spell it," said Rollins, \nand Henderson spelled it \xe2\x80\x94 " M-u-e-n-c-h." Rollins \xe2\x80\x94 " The name \nis Muench not Minch; you can\'t cheat the people; you can\'t play \nsuch tricks on me with impunity ; you have changed his name ! " \n\nAbout this time Henderson\'s hour expired when Rollins took the \nstand and said : " Fellow-citizens, you see the advantage Henderson \nis taking of you and of me ; I denied I had ever heard of such a man \nas Minch ^ and he changed his name to Minch to entrap me into \nthat denial. It was Munch not Minch; I know him; he is a \ngentleman and a patriot and a man of sense, which I fear Henderson \nis not." \n\nAll the Whigs were satisfied and shouted for Rollins, and Mr. James \nPalmer (since deceased), one of the largest men in the county and an \nardent Henry Clay Whig mounted the stand and shouted, " Rollins is \nvindicated triumphantly. Henderson changed the name of the \nwriter of the letter and thus attempted to mislead our gallant leader, \nRollins. No man who will do such a thing is entitled to the votes \nof Whigs or Democrats, and I now move that we all vote for \nRollins." And he put the vote and there arose in response a thun- \ndering aye, and Palmer (without putting the other side) declared it \ncarried unanimously, and in the midst of the excitement and uproar \nmoved that the crowd adjourn to the nearest saloon and take a drink, \nwhich they did, leaving Henderson discomfited and crestfallen, and \nRollins triumphant and cock of the walk. \n\nAnd all because Henderson said Mmc/t instead oi Munch. \n\nTHE ELECTION OF MR. LINCOLN. \n\nThe election of Mr. Lincoln to the Presidency spread the wildest \nexcitement throughout all the slaveholding States, and fanned to a \nflame the smouldering fires of disunion and civil war. Very soon after \nit was announced, the State of South Carolina seceded from the Union, \nand thus placed herself in the vanguard of those States which sooner \nor later madly leaped into the vortex of revolution and anarchy. This \nevent greatly excited and deeply moved, not only the people of Boone \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 401 \n\nCount}^ but of the entire State, for it was quite natural that a large \nslaveholding county like Boone, in the interior of the only border \nslaveholding State Avest of the Mississippi Eiver, should give evidence \nof much concern in regard to every movement calculated to shake the \nfoundations of the Federal Union or the stability of the institution of \nslavery. \n\nNear the closing scenes of the year 1860, the people of the county \nanticipated the future with kindred emotions of hope and despair, \nfearing that the Union was in imminent peril, and that the torch of \ncivil war might very soon blaze in skies hitherto cloudless and serene. \nAnd the sequel proved that their forebodings of evil were not ground- \nless. The secession of South Carolina on December 20, followed \nduring January by the secession of Mississippi, Florida, Alabama and \nGeorgia, were events of dire portent and well calculated to disturb \nthe foundations on which reposed the public peace and security. \n\n1861. \xe2\x80\x94 Chronologically, we are now approaching in this history the \nabyss of that bloody and fratricidal civil war into which our country \nwas plunged : and we realize that in attempting to record the exciting \nand rapidly occurring events of the period we tread " between burning \nplowshares," and are liable from various causes to unjust criticism \nand misapprehension. Nevertheless, it will be our purpose to record \nimpartially the events of the war, and not to manufacture them ; to \ndo justice to its participants on both sides, to record facts as we find \nthem, and to record them as a historian and not as a commentator. \nNo opinion or prejudices of our own shall distort or color them, but \nit will be our purpose in collating the stirring events of this period \nto accomplish it with perfect fairness and impartiality. \n\nThe firing upon the Federal garrison at Fort Sumter by Gen. Beau- \nregard, on April 11, 1861, was an event the sound of which rang \nthrough the country like a fire-bell in the night. It came with the \nspeed of lightning on the wires to Boone County, followed very soon \nafter by a call on Missouri by the President for four regiments of men \nfor immediate service, the refusal of Gov. Jackson to furnish them, \nthe organization in Columbia, on Wednesday. April 24, 1861, of the \n<\' Columbia Home Guards," a voluuteer company for the protection \nand defence of Columbia. Officers \xe2\x80\x94 Prof. E. T. Fristoe, Captain; \nProf. J.J. Searcy\xc2\xab!s First Lieutenant ; Richard H. Carter, Second Lieu- \ntenant ; James H. Waugh, Third Lieutenant ; Wm. H. Tillery, First \nOrderly Sergeant; W. H. Northcutt, Second Orderly Sergeant; \n26 \n\n\n\n402 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJoseph B. Douglass, Third Orderly Sergeant ; John M. Samuel, \nTreasurer. \n\nBOONE COUNTY " SOUTHERN RIGHTS MEETING." \n\nSomething of the temper and sentiments of a portion of the people \nmay be gathered from the proceedhigs of a " Southern Rights Meet- \ning " held in the Court House on Saturday, April 20, 1861. While \nit was in session three different flags floated in Columbia: the Stars \nand Stripes, the Border State flag, and the flag of the Confederate \nStates. The following are the proceedings of the meeting : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nBOONE COUNTY MEETING. \n\nPursuant to previous notice, a large and enthusiastic meeting of the \ncitizens of Boone County was held at the Court House in Columbia on \nSaturday, the 20th of April. On motion. Dr. C. Q. Chandler was \ntemporarily called to the chair, whereupon S. Turner moved that a \ncommittee of Ave be appointed to report back a permanent organiza- \ntion for the meeting. The chair appointed Messrs. S. Turner, Samuel \nKennon, Wm. H. Duncan and Arthur P. Clarkson, who retired for \nthe purpose named. During the absence of the committee, Capt. F. \nF. C. Triplett, by the request of the chair, explained the object of \nthe meeting in a clear, forcible and satisfactory manner, the substance \nof which is set forth in the resolutions annexed. The committee on \npermanent organization reported as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nChairman: Judge P. H. McB ride. Vice Presidents: Dr. C. Q. Chandler, David Powell, \nJames Eyan, Col. E. E. Bass, Isaac "Williams, Judge Alexander Persinger, Allen B. Orear. \nSecretaries : C. Maupin, P. K. Lynch, Dr. Alex. Spence. \n\nThe report of the committee, on motion of Capt. Triplett, was \nadopted, and the persons named repaired to their respective stations. \nOn motion of Col. John W. Rollins, a committee of two from each \ncivil township was appointed to prepare and report resolutions ex- \npressive of the views and sentiments of the meeting. Just as the \ncommittee retired, a number of gentlemen, bearing aloft the flag of \nthe Confederate States, with fifteen stars emblazoned thereon, edged \ntheir way into the crowded court room and were greeted with three \ncheers for Jeff". Davis and the Southern Confederacy. S Turner was \ncalled upon to address the meeting, which he did, alluding briefly to \nthe causes of our National troubles, and reviewing in an eloquent and \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. 403 \n\npatriotic manner the many insults and injuries which have been \nheaped upon the South by the fanatics of the North ; appealing to \nhis countrymen to rise in their majesty and vindicate Southern honor, \nconcluding amid great applause and cheers for " Old Virginia," and \nthe addition of another star to the Confederate States. Calls for \n"Dixie" by the band, etc. The committee on resolutions then \nmade the following report : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States, by a warlike policy to- \nwards the Confederate States of America, in sending an armed fleet to the port of Charles- \nton and in notifying the authorities of South Carolina that he " would provision and rein- \nforce " Fort Sumter peaceably if allowed, but forcibly if necessary, thereby provoking an \nattack by the Confederate troops on Fort Sumter, and involving us, regardless of the \nwishes, prayers and entreaties of every patriot throughout the length and breadth of our \nprosperous and happy country, in all the horrors and devastation of a civil and servile \nwar; and \n\nWhereas, He has withdrawn the Federal troops from our frontier posts, and placed \nthem in a position for active service against our brethren, leaving our frontier citizens in a \ndefenceless condition and exposed to the ravages of the merciless savage ; and, \n\nWhereas, He is actively engaged in fitting out and sending to the Southern coasts armed \nvessels ladened with provisions and munitions of war, with orders sealed to all but himself \nand his counsellors and other minion\'s of destruction; and in divers other demonstrations of a \nwarlike character, in the movements of both land and naval forces, exciting just apprehen- \nsions in the minds of the people of South, that he intends an invasion of their soil and the sub. \njugation of them into obedience to the Federal laws. And in open defiance to the warning \nvoice and solemn admonitions of the border slave States, to stay his hand and avoid the \nshedding of blood, while they were engaged in a noble, patriotic and self-sacrificing strug- \ngle to adjust our National difficulties, preserve our once glorious Union, and save our o-qv- \nernment and our people from the inevitable ruin and devastation that must necessarily fol- \nlow in the train of a civil war, he has called on the G-overnors of the several States for \nseventy-five thousand men to accomplish his diabolical work of destruction, turning loose \nupon us the dogs of war, thirsting for blood and carnage, and thus blasting forever all hopes \nof a reconciliation between the belligerent sections of our country; he has forced upon the \nborder slave States the alternative of taking their position in the fearful struggle, either \nwith the fanatical Abolition and negro-worshipping States of the ITorth, in the subjugation \nof their brethren of the South, with whom they are identified by the strongest and most in- \ndissoluble bonds of interest, honor, institutions and blood, or of uniting their destinies with \ntheir sister Southern States and resisting to the death the tide of Northern fanaticism and \naggression which threatens to overwhelm and annihilate the dearest rights and liberties of a \nfree and independent people. Be it, therefore. \n\nResolved, 1. That we unhesitatingly link our destinies, our interest, our honor, our fate \nand our all, for weal or for woe, with our Southern brethren ; and we will, as an unholy, \nunjust and unnatural war is forced upon us, unsheathe the civil sword in defence of our \nrights and hold it up (reeking with fraternal blood) to the gaze of the civilized world, as a \nfaithful witness of the justice of our cause. ^ \n\n2. That the secession of a State, or the withdrawal of the powers delegated by it to the \nFederal Government, is but a peaceable, sovereign, inherent and inalienable right of a free \npeople (from whom all good governments derive their just powers), to change, throw ofi\', or \nrevolutionize their government when it becomes oppressive or dangerous to their rights, \nliberties or institutions. \n\n3. That the committee appointed by the State Convention for the purpose of calling that \n\n\n\n404 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbody together when the state of the country demanded it, are earnestly requested to convene \nsaid body at as early an hour as is practicable, that it take such action as will place Mis- \nsouri in her proper position with her sister States of the South who have been compelled \nby the fanaticism of the North and by Federal aggression to resume the exercise of the \npowers delegated by them to the Federal Government. \n\n4. That the Governor of the State of Missouri be and is hereby requested to take speedily \nsuch steps as are requisite to put our State in a defensive posture, and to place her on a war \nfooting. \n\n5. That we regard with scorn and contempt the demand made by Abraham Lincoln on \nthe Governor of Missouri for troops to aid in carrying out his unholy and iniquitous crusade \nfor the subjugation of our Southern brothers, under the specious and insidious pretext of \nenforcing the laws of the Federal Government and preserving the Union and the Constitu- \ntion, which has been by him and his party grossly insulted, violated and trampled under \ntheir unhallowed feet. And we most cordially indorse the prompt, manly and patriotic re- \nsponse of Governor Jackson to his presumptuous demand. \n\n6. That the course of John B. Henderson, and the opinions avowed by him in the late \nsession of the Missouri convention, are inconsistent with our honor, interest and feeling, \nand that we request him not to assume to act as our delegate in any convention or consulta- \ntion of the border slave States. \n\n7. That we totalljr disapprove of the votes given by the convention refusing to pledge \nMissouri against Federal coercion and in favor of seceding with the other border slave \nStates. \n\n8. That the people of the several counties throughout the State be requested to meet in \nconvention, and that they recommend that the State Convention be convened at as early an \nhour as practicable, and to instruct their delegates to vote for the immediate withdrawal of \nMissouri from the Federal compact. \n\n9. That a committee of three be appointed to correspond with our delegates, and instruct \nthem to vote for the immediate withdrawal of Missouri from the Federal Government, and \nto propose memorials to the voters of our district, to be signed by them, requesting the im- \nmediate resignation of such as may refuse to comply. \n\n10. That the adjournment of the convention to December, after it had by its votes deter- \nmined to do nothing under any circumstances to change the Federal relations of the State, \nwas apparently designed to prevent the people from selecting delegates of different senti- \nment to meet and alter the condition of things, and was, therefore, anti-republican in spirit \nand design. \n\n11. That in view of the perilous condition of public affairs and the inauguration of civil and \nprobably servile war, we deem it prudent and proper to take such steps as will crush out \nand suppress discontent and insurrections among slaves and free negroes, and to prevent \nthem from being tampered with or instigated to disobedient and rebellious acts by any de- \nsigning white men who may be regarded as enemies to our peace, securitj^ and happiness. \nIt is therefore recommended that meetings be held as soon as convenient in each civil town- \nship in the county to consider the premises and adopt such measures as may be deemed best. \n\n12. That all who concur in the above resolutions are cordially invited to a participation \nin this meeting and a co-operation with us in the promotion of all its objects, regardless of \npast party divisions or prejudices. \n\nAnd upon motion of Col. John W. Rollins, were unanimously \nadopted. As each resolution was read, loud and deafening applause \nensued. The whole batch of resolutions was voted for not only \nunanimously, but with a vim never before witnessed here. Col. Rol- \nlins, responding to a call, delivered a brief but eloquent speech, de- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 405 \n\ndaring his entire devotion to the South \xe2\x80\x94 that their destiny was one \nfor weal or for woe, glory or shame ; that he would apply the torch \nto his own home \xe2\x80\x94 that he would see the verdant fields of the South \nburnt black and crisp \xe2\x80\x94 that he would go farther : that he would lay \nthe knife to his last child rather than purchase their security by a \ncowardly and shameful submission to Black Republican rule ! The \nColonel was loudly and rapturously applauded. \n\nThe venerable vice-president, Judge Persinger, for twenty-four years \nJudge of the County Court, was vociferously called for. In response, \nthe Judge referred to his past political associations. He said that he \nwas formerly a Whig, afterwards acted with the American party, and \nstill later a member of the Union party ; that he had taken strong \nUnion ground during the contest for delegates to the late State Con- \nvention, actuated as he was by the delusive hope that proper compro- \nmises would be made, the Union reconstructed, and quiet restored; \nthat this hope gradually gave way as Lincoln\'s acts, one by one, were \nmade known, until now no hope was left \xe2\x80\x94 that one course only was \nleft for Missouri ; that her interest, honor, sympathy and destiny was \nwith the South, He was repeatedly interrupted by loud applause \nand " Go on, old man, we want to hear from you." \n\nCol. Eli E. Bass (delegate to the State Convention), one of the \nvice-presidents of the meeting, was called for and took the stand. \nCol. Bass said : \xe2\x80\x94 " Fellow-citizens : I am glad you have given me an \nopportunity here to-day, since there seems to be great dissatisfaction \namong you at the course pursued by me as your delegate to the State \nConvention, of explaining my vote upon the amendment offered by \nMr. Bast, of Montgomery, to the third resolution of the majority \nreport of the Committee on Federal Relations." Col. Bass stated that \nhe voted nay under a misapprehension of the import of the amend- \nment ; that a day or two before the vote was taken he had seen a pro- \nposed amendment of Mr. Bast, which the latter said he intended to \nintroduce, and which at the time of voting he understood to be under \nconsideration ; that he (Col. Bass) was then and would still be under \nsimilar circumstances opposed to tJiat amendment which differed \nwholly in its effect from the one finally presented by Mr. Bast, of \nMontgomery ; that he was astonished afterwards to see his vote re- \ncorded against the Bast amendment; that he cordially indorsed said \namendment. The Colonel further stated that he approved of the pro- \nceedings and objects of the meeting \xe2\x80\x94 when, on motion of S. Turner, \nCol. Bass was exonerated by the meeting from any reflection or cen- \n\n\n\n406 HISTOliY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsure on account of the said vote, after which, at the suggestion of the \nchair, three cheers were given for Governors Jackson and Magoffin. \nOn motion, the meeting adjourned. \n\nA similar meeting expressing similar sentiments, was held in Roche- \nport, on April 19, of which Dr. C. I. Chandler acted as president, \nand B. F. Dimitt, as secretary. A committee composed of Dr. John \nWilcox, Dr. A. Patton, H. Wheeler, F. F. Kirby and John Shindler \nreported the resolutions, and a request was made that G. G. Vest and \nLewis W. Robinson address them at their earliest convenience. \nDuring the absence of the committee on resolutions, " a call was made \nfor Col. John Hinton, who responded in an able, eloquent and pat- \nriotic speech, in defence of the rights and liberty of the South, and \n\\ was frequently cheered and applauded with great enthusiasm." F. F. \n\nKirby was appointed to solicit names of members of a " Home \nGuard." \n\nHaving copied the proceedings of a " Southern Rights meeting," \nheld by a portion of the citizens of Boone, during the early stages of \nour civil war, it is but fair that those on the other side be also heard, \nand for this purpose we copy from the Statesman of May 10, 1861, \nthe proceedings of a \n\nUNION MEETING IN BOONE COUNTY. \n\nPursuant to public notice, one among the largest meetings ever held \nin the county convened in the Court House on Monday, May 6, 1861, \n\' to express opinions in regard to the then present crisis. At 1 o\'clock \nthe meeting was called to order by Col. Switzler, on whose nomination \nMr. James McConathy, Sr., was elected president. On taking the \nchair the president requested Col. Switzler to explain the objects of \nthe meeting, which he proceeded to do in a speech of considerable \nlength; whereupon, on motion of Elder T. M, Allen, Dr. M. R. \nArnold was elected secretary. \n\nF. T. Russell, Esq., moved that a committee of seven be appointed \nto draft resolutions expressive of the sense of the meeting, and the \nchair appointed the following : F. T. Russell, Ishmael Vanhorn, David \nGordon, Henry Keene, John W. Hall, Joel Palmer, Maj. James \nBrown . \n\nOn the retirement of the committee, on motion of Col. Switzler, \nJudge Curtis Field, Jr., of Richmond, Ky., who was present in the \naudience, was requested to address the meeting. As, in his opinion, \nthe crisis demanded that each State should decide for itself its own \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 407 \n\nduty, and as he was a citizen of Kentucky he did not deem it proper \nto take up the time of the meeting with any remarks of his own, and, \ntherefore, begged to be excused. \n\nMaj. Rollins was then loudly called for, and .responded in a speech \nof an hour and a half, at the conclusion of which the committee, \nthrough Mr. Russell, their chairman, reported the following preamble \nand resolutions : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, Civil war has been inaugurated in the United States, brought about by the \nextreme meo of the North and the extreme men of the South ; and whereas the State of \nMissouri occupies a position central between the two extremes, and has hitherto earnestly \nopposed all hostile demonstrations on the part of either ; therefore, \n\nResolved, 1. That the true policy of Missouri, at present, is to maintain an independent \nposition within the Union \xe2\x80\x94 holding her soil and institutions sacred against invasion or hos- \ntile interference from any quarter whatever. \n\n2. That we approve and indorse the reply of the Governor of the State of Missouri to the \nSecretary of War, in refusing to furnish troops for the purpose of coercing our Southern \nbrethren. \n\n3. That patriotism and policy, and the preservation of the public peace, alike require \non the part of the Federal Administration a prompt and immediate recognition of the \nSouthern Confederacy, as a government de facto, and forming an alliance, offensive and de- \nfensive, with it, for mutual protection. \n\n4. That in our opinion Secession is a remedy for no evil, real or imaginary, but an ag- \ngravation and complication of existing difficulties ; but if we are reduced to the necessity of \nengaging in the present war and strife, that then we will stand bj\' and co-operate with the \nSouth. \n\n5. That, to the end that Missouri may be fully prepared for any contingency, we would \nhave her citizens arm themselves thoroughly, at the earliest practicable moment, by regular \naction of the State. \n\n6. That as we hear that the Border State Convention will be held at Frankfort, Ken- \ntucky, on the 27th inst., we therefore urge the delegates from Missouri to said Convention, \nto attend the same. \n\n7. That we approve of the course of our delegates to the State Convention, Messrs. \nWoodson, Bass and Flood, and that we believe they truly and faithfully reflected the wishes \nand sentiments of those by whom they were elected, and that theil" action upon the impor- \ntant measures before the Convention is fully indorsed by this meeting. \n\nThe question being upon the adoption of the resolutions, Mr. Guitar \nmoved that the vote be taken upon the resolutions separately, which \nmotion carried. The preamble and the first and second resolutions \nwere adopted unanimously. \n\nWhen the third resolution was read Mr. Guitar rose in his place \nand said he had no desire to disturb the harmony of the meeting, or \nto influence the action of any one participating in it, that he could \ncheerfully indorse all the resolutions except the third and fourth, but \nthese he could not indorse and desired briefly to state his reasons. \n\nThis, he said, was no time for men to be pandering to the \nprejudices of each other, no time for courting the wavering or cower- \n\n\n\n408 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ning before the strong ; the question was narrowed down to a single \nissue : Are we for our country or against it? Shall Missouri abaudon \nthe Union and range herself under the ensign of the Rattlesnake and \nPelican, or will she still rest under the shadow of the glorious Stars \nand Stripes? This was the question, the only question, demanding \nan answer at our hands. \n\nThe third resolution was, in his judgment, a clear recognition of \nthe right of secession, the most damnable political heresy ever \ninvented by the brain of the vilest political demagogue. He should \nnever countenance it, either directly or indirectly. \n\nHe said the resolution required the government to recognize the \nConfederacy as a government " c?e facto.\'" It had no existence, in \nhis opinion, either as a government in fact or of right, unless we ad- \nmit the correctness of the principle upon which it is founded, the \nright of peaceable secession ; otherwise it is but revolution inchoate^ \nand its consummation remained subject to the vicissitudes of war. \n\nHe said further, the third resolution required us to form an alliance, \noffensive and defensive, with the Southern Confederacy. In answer \nto this he only had to say, that if the Government of the United \nStates had become too weak or too corrupt to protect our rights and \nredress our wrongs we ought to revolt and throw it off before enter- \ning into an alliance with a foreign power. \n\nThe fourth resolution, he said, required us in any event, to join the \nseceded States, notwithstanding the developments of the future might \nshoAv it to be our duty and our interest to unite ourselves with a cen- \ntral Confederacy. Be that as it might, there was one feature en- \ngrafted upon the organic law of the so-called Southern Confederacy \nwhich would forever keep him out of it ; that was the right of \n"peaceable secession." \n\nHe said he cared nothing for the fate of the resolutions, but hoped \nthe friends of the Union would dare to do and say what they thought \nwas right. - For himself he had not, and would not, occupy any \nequivocal position, when the liberties and destiny of his country were \nat stake. He was for his country, and should remain so. He prided \nhimself in her glory, and was willing, if need be, to participate in her \nshame. If, he said, the glorious old ship of State shall be dismasted \nby the storm, deserted by her crew, and left to founder and sink \namid the waves of anarchy which will engulf her, it would be glory \nenough for him to go down with the wreck. \n\nMr. Russell, in response, said that the fourth resolution negatived \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 409 \n\nthe idea of recognizing the right of secession by denouncing secession, \nuroino- that the recognition of the Confederate States as a government \nde facto was a measure of peace, viohitive of no principle; that, in \nshort, it was recognition or war, and we had to choose between them. \nHe preferred recognition. \n\nMaj. Rollins thought that he had an amendment which could recon- \ncile the difficulty and satisfy all. He therefore moved to amend the \nresolution as follows : after the word " that," in the first line, insert \n"whilst we repudiate the constitutional right of secession," which \nwas adopted, the resolution, as amended, passed with one negative \nvote \xe2\x80\x94 Mr, Guitar, a number of gentlemen not voting. \n\nThe balance of the resolutions were then unanimously adopted, ex- \ncept the fourth, which was voted as the third, after which, at the \nunanimous request of the meeting. Elder T. M. Allen gave his views \nas to the duty of Missouri in th*e present crisis, taking uncompromis- \nino; o;round ao-ainst secession and for the Union \xe2\x80\x94 denouncing seces- \nsion as civil war, and making an eloquent appeal to the people to \nmaintain an armed neutrality within the Union, and not be driven \naway by passion and prejudice into the dangerous experiment of \nrevolution and anarchy. \n\nThe meeting then adjourned. \n\nTHE CAPTURE OF CAMP JACKSON, \n\nOn May 10, 1861, by the Federal forces under Lyon and Blair, \ngreatly excited the people of Boone and of the whole State, for, re- \ngardless of their views as to the justness of the procedure, they \nlooked upon it as the substantial inauguration of civil war within our \nborders. And so it proved, for very soon afterward it was followed \nby an extra session of the Legislature, seemingly with warlike intent, \nthe sudden abandonment of the State Capital by that body and the \nState officers on the approach of the Federal arms, and the battle of \nBoonville (Monday, June 17, 1861), and the occupation of that city \nby Lyon and Blair. \n\nMany of our citizens residing on the river border were in hearing \nof the cannonading at Boonville, and some of them were participants \nin the warlike events of that day. They were quick to recognize the \nbooming of the oruns as a sio:nal of war, and those of them who on \nthe evening of the battle saw for the first time about 150 Federal \ntroops disembark from the ferry-boat and occupy the town had ocu- \nlar demonstration of the fact that the tocsin of civil war had indeed \n\n\n\n410 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbeen sounded. These were the first government troops which " in- \nvaded the sacred soil " of Boone county. It was not long, however, \nbefore another force, coming up on a train from Mexico, disembarked \nat Centraha. A third and much hirger force, consisting of six or seven \nhundred infentry and about one hundred cavalry, under command of \nCol. W. H. Worthington, of the Fifth Iowa Infantry, marched un- \nheralded into Columbia quite early on Wednesday morning, Septem- \nber 4, 1861. They came from Jefferson City, occupied the University \ncampus, and later in the day took up quarters in the building itself. \nAt 6 o\'clock in the evening, at the request of many citizens. Col. \nWorthington consented to a dress parade on Broadway, and for this \npurpose, the entire force marching to the strains of martial music and \nwith the Stars and Stripes gaily glittering in the sunlight, appeared on \nthat street, presenting that which was to all eyes, friendly and un- \nfriendly, a magnificent pageant. \n\nOn the next day the command left for Jeff"erson City. \n\nWhat they came for has never transpired. Certainly they did \nnothing, by arrest or otherwise, to indicate hostile intentions or to \ndisclose the object of their visit. \n\nSweeney\'s raid on rollins\' farm. \n\nOn Tuesday, October 22, 1861, about fifty cavalrymen under com- \nmand of Capt. Bob Sweeney, of Renick, marched through Columbia \nand encamped at the Fair Grounds. They were State or Southern \ntroops, and it was not long before a portion of them made a raid on \nthe farm of James S. Rollins, a Union man, and took therefrom six \nhead of horses, among which were his carriage horses, and five head \nof mules, together with a two-horse wagon and all the plow harness \nthey could find. Mnj. Rollins was at the time absent in St. Louis. \nIn the evening and the following morning they revisited the farm and \npressed a sufficient quantity of corn to forage the horses of the whole \ncommand during their stay, which was till the morning after they \narrived. Maj. Rollins\' loss was about $1,500. As soon as this pro- \nceeding was known, the leading secessionists expressed their strong \ncondemnation of it, and, greatly to their credit, exerted themselves \nto induce Capt. Sweeney to return the property. Some of them \noffered, if he would return it, to furnish him an equal number of \nhorses of their own. He seemed inexorable ; but was finally pre- \nvailed upon to return a horse belonging to J. W. Lamme, taken with \nthe balance. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 411 \n\nATTEMPT TO ASSASSINATE COL. SWITZLER. \n\nDuring the evening of Sweenej^\'s visit, and while a crowd of citizens \nwas in front of the Statesman office, some of them in conversation \nwith Capt. Sweeney, the editor of the Statesman being one of the \ncrowd, an attempt was made by a man who was an utter stranger to \nhim, and of whose presence or even existence he knew nothing, to \nassassinate Col. Switzler by a pistol shot in the back. Of this dem- \nonstration he was very soon informed by another stranger, Wil- \nliam Inge, of Pike county, a recruiting officer from Price\'s army, \nand an honorable, heroic man. In, a short time, however, as he \nwalked across the street, and when abo-ut the center of it, Mr. Inge, \nwho followed him, detected a second attempt by the same man to \ndraw his pistol ; an attempt unseen by Switzler, whereat Mr. Inge \ninstantly drew a large navy revolver, and presenting it towards him, \ndenounced him as a cowardly assassin thus to attempt to shoot a \nman in the back who had never spoken to him, warning him that if \nhe moved a muscle he would fill him full of holes. There the affair \nended. \n\nLate in the afternoon of Tuesday about seventy-five cavalry, under \nGen. S. B. Hatton, and early in the night another company under \nCapt. Searcy, came into Columbia and encamped at the Fair Ground. \nNext morning about eleven o\'clock the whole force took up the line \nof march for a Southern camp six hundred strong near Concord, \nCallaway county, where they were still encamped on Thursday morn- \ning meditating an advance upon a camp of loyal State troops said to \nbe near Shamrock, under Gen. J. B. Henderson. \n\nGENERAL PRENTISS VISITS COLUMBIA. \n\nIn November, 1861, Lieut. Col. Morse, of Foster\'s resfiment of \nMissouri militia, from Hudson City (Macon City), visited Boone \n\xe2\x80\xa2county in search of Sweeney\'s command, who had retreated beyond \nGlasgow into Chariton, whither he pursued. During the same month \nGen. B. M. Prentiss, then of Quincy, Illinois, and commandant of \nthe post of Jefferson City, remained in Columbia with a considerable \nforce for several days. During his stay he ordered the arrest of one \nof his own soldiers for an outrage west of Columbia, and sentenced \nhim to be drummed out of service without pay \xe2\x80\x94 which was done. \nGeneral P. made a speech at the court house, had a magnificent dress \nparade on the street, and left for Jefferson City via Providence, his \n\n\n\n412 HISTORY OF BOONK COUNTY. \n\ntroops cheering Maj. Rollins as they passed his residence. The Major \ncame out and acknowledged the compliment in a ringing Union \nspeech. \n\nOn Saturday, December 7, 1861, Captain Sweeney and about 30\' \nof his followers were captured in Saline county, opposite Glasgow, by \na Federal force under Maj. Marshall. \n\nEarly on the same night the very lamentable death of Miss Kitty \nSpilraan, a young lady, occurred near the residence of the late Wade \nM. Jackson, of Howard (.Vunty, occasioned by a shot from a Federal \npicket, belonging to troops under the command of Lieut. Weatherby,. \na portion of Morse\'s command.^ \n\nCOLS, glover\'s and birge\'s troops. \n\nOn Friday, December 27, 1861, about 200 Federal infantry, under \ncommand of Capt. John Welker, of Col. Birge\'s sharpshooters, \nreached Columbia from their encampment, Middleton, twelve miles \nnorth, and took up quarters in the University. On Sunday night \nthey left for Sturgeon. On the next evening \xe2\x80\x94 the North Missouri \nRailroad having been burned in several places, thus cutting off com- \nmunication with St. Louis \xe2\x80\x94 about 250 cavalry, under Col. John M. \nGlover and a portion of Captain Campbell\'s company of Birge\'s \nSharpshooters, accompanied by several wagons, came to Columbia \nfor the purpose of procuring supplies of flour, coff\'ee, etc., for the \nFederal camp at Sturgeon. Cols. Glover and Birge were with them. \nHaving no means with which to purchase the needed supplies, and at \nthe early stages of the war not having adopted the policy of forcibly \ntaking possession of what they needed, they experienced some trouble \nin procuring what they desired. Finally, the merchant fii\'m of \nThomas J. and S, F. Conley, who were Union men, sold them what \nthey wanted to the amount of about $300, for which a receipt was \ngiven ; but it was some years after the close of the war, because of \nthe red tape in the department at Washington, before they succeeded^ \nin collecting the bill. \n\nTHE FIGHT AT MT. ZION CHURCH. \n\nOn Saturda}\' morning, December 28, 1861, several previous skir- \nmishes between Federal forces belongmg to the Third Missouri Cavalry,. \n\n\n\n1 In the skirmish with the Confederate force near Kenick, on the night of December 21^ \nLieut. Col. Morse was wounded in the thigh by a gun shot and died of the wound. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 413 \n\nCol. John M. Glover commanding, and sharpshooters of Col. J. W. \nBirge, all under command of Gen. Prentiss, and a confederate force com- \nmanded by Col. Caleb Dorsey, culminated in an engagement at Mt. \nZion meeting-house, fifteen miles northeast of Columbia, which as- \nsumed the proportions of a battle. The following is \n\nGEN. PRENTISS\' OFFICIAL REPORT. \n\nHeadquarters Army of North Missouri, "I \nPalmyra, Mo., January 4, 1862. / \n\nCapt. John C. Kelton, Assistant Adjutant-General Department of Missouri: \n\nIn pursuance of a special order, received on the evening of December 23, 1861, I proceeded \nfrom Palmyra for Sturgeon on the morning of the 24th day of December, with five compa- \nnies of the Third Missouri Cavalry, Col. John M. Glover commanding. 1 arrived at Sturgeon \non the evening of the 26th. During the following day, having learned that there was a con- \ncentration of rebels near the village of Hallsville, in Boone County, I sent forward one com- \npany of cavalry, commanded by Capt. Howland, to reconnoitre in that vicinity. Capt. \nHowland proceeded to Hallsville, but found no rebels. After proceeding about two miles \nbeyond, his advance guard encountered the rebels in force, commanded by Col. Caleb Dor- \nsey. Capt. Howland endeavored to draw off" his company, having taken nine prisoners, but \nwas overpowered. Being wounded, and having lost his horse, he was taken prisoner, with \none private of his company. The remainder of his men made good their retreat, arriving at \nSturgeon at nine o\'clock p. m. Having learned the position of the enemy, I immediately or- \ndered five companies of cavalry, Col. John M. Glover commanding, and five companies of \nsharpshooters, Col. Birge commanding, numbering in all four hundred and seventy, to march \nat two A. M., at which hour I started, and after marching a distance of sixteen miles, at eight \no\'clock A. M. of the 28th inst., I found one company of rebels, commanded by Capt. Johnson, \nin position to the left of the road leading from Hallsville to Mt. Zion. I ordered two compa- \nnies of sharpshooters to pass to the rear of the enemyj and one of cavalry to dismount and \nengage them in the front, it being diflScult for the sharpshooters to attain their position un- \nperceived, the enemy manifesting a disposition to retire. \n\nCol. Glover opened fire, and succeeded in killing five, and capturing seven prisoners, from \nwhom I learned the number and position of the main force. The enemy being posted at a \nchurch, known as Mt. Zion, in Boone County, and one mile and a half in advance, numbering \nnear nine hundred men, I ordered the cavalry under Col. Glover forward, accompanied by \ntwo companies of Birge\'s sharpshooters. Col. Birge, with them^ arriving near the encamp- \nment, one troop of cavalry were ordered to dismount and engage the enemy. The sharp, \nshooters were afterwards ordered through a field on our right to skirmish with the enemy\'s \nleft, and if possible drive them from the woods. \n\nThe firing being heavy, these three companies not being able to drive the enemy from his \ncover. Col. Glover, with his available force, moved in double-quick to the aid of the three \ncompanies engaged, and for half an hour longer the battle raged and became a hand-to-hand \nfight. Capt. Boyd\'s company of sharpshooters were in the midst of the rebel camp. Also \nMajor Carrick, with Company C, Third Illinois Cavalry. When Col. Glover arrived, the \nrebels could not stand the fire of our rifles and retreated, leaving in our hands ninety (90) \nhorses and one hundred and five (105) stand of arms. The battle was brought to a close \nabout eleven a. m. \n\nThe reserve of two companies coming into action at the moment the enemy gave way, our \nvictory was complete. After collecting our wounded, we proceeded to collect those of the \nenemy, placed them in the church, and sent for farmers and friends in the vicinity to render \nassistance. I collected wagons, made our wounded as comfortable as possible, and at four \n\n\n\n414 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nP. M. started for Sturgeon, where we arrived at nine p. m. Our loss in the battle of Mt. Zion- \nand in the engagement of the evening previous is as follows : Killed, three ; slightly wounded, \nforty-six; severely wounded, seventeen, Kobel loss: Killed, twenty-five; wounded, one- \nhundred and fifty. \n\nI have not been able to get a correct report of the rebel missing ; but having taken thirty \nprisoners from the barn, their punishment is a severe one. Sixty of the rebels, with Capt. \nHowland and four of our men as prisoners, arrived at the camp at night, twenty miles dis- \ntant from the field of battle. \n\nPermit me to mention that our entire force behaved gallantlj\'. I make special mention of \nthe following officers : Col. John M. Glover, Maj. Carrick, Lieuts. Yates and Kirkpatrick, of \nthe Third Missouri Cavalry; Col. Birge, Capt. Boyd, and Adjt. Temple, of Birge\'s Sharp- \nshooters, and Lieut. Edwin Moore, my aide. I also assure you that the men behaved with \ncoolness and daring during the engagement. \n\nAnnexed please find list of names of our killed and wounded, and list of rebel wounded,- \n\nleft by us at Mt. Zion. I have the honor to be. Captain, very respectfully, your obedient \n\nservant, \n\nB. M. Prentiss, Brigadier-General. \n\nLIST OF KILLED AND WOUNDED AT THE BATTLE OP MT. ZION, DECEMBER 28, 1861, OP THE \nPIRST REGIMENT OP SHARPSHOOTERS \xe2\x80\x94 COL. BIRGE COMMANDING. \n\nSeverely Wounded. \xe2\x80\x94 W. Derot, Company B, since died; Sergeant Larimore, Company \nB; J. Manar, Company B ; P. Putnam, Company B; C. H. Machie, Company H; H. Gur- \nnon. Company H ; C. Atherton, Company H. \n\nSlightly Wounded. \xe2\x80\x94 A. Henoesi, Company A ; John Lynch, Jesse Chambers, L. Beach, \nD. Martimore; W. H. Blake. Tobias Miller, Peter Edwards, Company B ;\xe2\x96\xa0 Sergeant Weeks, \nCompanj\' D ; Sergeant Lemon, Corporal Carr, J. M. Parker, J. Vinton, M. Grady, T. \nSlevin, Company H. \n\nREPORT OP KILLED AND WOUNDED AT THE SKIRMISH NEAR HALLSVILLE, DECEMBER 27, 1861. \n\nAND AT THE BATTLE OP MT. ZION, DECEMBER 28, 1861, OP COL. JOHN GLOVBR\'S \n\nTHIRD MISSOURI CAVALRY. \n\nKilled. \xe2\x80\x94 Hugh Gregg, Alfred Magers, G. Milton Douglass, Company C. \n\nSeverely Wounded. \xe2\x80\x94 Andreus Goodrich, Company A, since died ; Wm. "Wright, Com- \npany B, since died ; Charles Carnehan, D. H. Hindman, C. C. Washburn, Company B, since \ndied; John R. Stewart, George Barcastle, Isaac Black, Company C, since died; Wm. H. \nHardin, Benjamin F. Tidell, Company E, since died. \n\nSlightly Wounded. \xe2\x80\x94 Capt. J. T. Howland, Company A; F. S. Morris, Company A; Jo- \nseph Washburne, Company A ; Daniel Barret, Company A ; J. H. Warnesbrj\', James \nEagle, Company B ; Marion Morrell, Thos. Phillipot, Henry Ferguson, John Wessell, Thos. \nKirby, John Scroggen, William Beman, Robert Allen, Company C; Herbert Reed, J. A. \nFlickiner, Company D; J. H. Turner, Henry Alters, Company A; Daniel Shannehan, Ju- \nlius Krenling, Company B; Henry Henry, Henry S. Akers, Jesse Steele, William H, How- \nell, John R. Rogers, Millard Williams, Company C; William B. Davis, John Macklin, Geo. \nLopez, John W. Donaldson, Allen H. Fite, Company F. \n\nLIST OP REBEL WOUNDED LEFT AT MT. ZION CHURCH, AFTER THE BATTLE OP DECEMBER 28, \n\n1861. \n\nW. C. McLean, arm broken; Wm. Phillips, shot through the stomach; Wm. Swader, \nCallaway County (since died), right breast ; Wm. T. Ives, Lincoln County, through groin ; \nMajor Thomas Breckinridge, Warren County, right arm and left breast; John H. Jones, \nWarren County, thigh; Samuel Barnum, Lincoln County, left shoulder; F. J. Brougham, \nCallaway County, neck ; A. J, Parson, Montgomery County, left thigh ; Robert Snead, Lin- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 415 \n\ncoin County, both thighs; 0. King, Lincoln County, both thighs; W. H. Vaughn, Lincoln \nCounty, throat ; C. McDonald, St. Charles County, both thighs ; Abram Bramberger, Calla- \nway County, left breast; J. E. McConnell, Montgomery County, right thigh; L. Davis, \nCallaway County, right cheek and neck ; F. G. Henderson, St. Charles County, hand ; R. \nS. Montford, Callaway County, calf of leg; J. Crossman, Boone County, small of back; C. \n\nQuisenberry, Boone County, right breast; Kernan, St. Charles County, left hand and \n\nface ; John Bailey, Warren Country, thigh ; Capt. Myers, Warren County, side ; W. R. Smith. \n\nPike Count}\', left shoulder; Martin, Pike County, leg; Lawrence Jacobie, Pike County, \n\nhand. Four names not obtained, dangerouslj\' wounded. \n\nTHE CONFEDERATE ACCOUNT OF THE FIGHT. \n\nNeither Col. Dorsey nor any other confederate officer published an of- \nficial account of the Mount Zion fight, otherwise it would be given here. \nBut an intellio;ent o-entlenian, who was one of his command, and who \nwas present during the engagement, informs us that on December 24, \n1861, Col. Dorsey left Pike County, and on the 27th, at Grandview, \nin Boone County, which is near and west of the church, organized \nhis forces, consisting of six companies, of about 350 men, not all \narmed. The officers in command were Col. Caleb Dorsey, Lieut. \nCol. Cole Kent, Maj. Thomas Breckinridge and E. W. Herndon, (now \na citizen of Columbia), Surgeon. \n\nAbout 2 o\'clock, p. m., of the 27th, this force took up the line of \nmarch, intending to camp at Mount Zion church. About a half a mile \nnortheast of the church, the Federals came up and fired on their rear \nguard, wounding two of Dorsey\'s men, and then fell back. Dorsey \npursued them, and three miles from the church overtook the retreat- \ning force, and fired upon them. A ten minutes\' skirmish ensued, in \nwhich one Federal was mortally wounded, and Capt. Howland (Fed- \neral), was wounded in the thigh, and taken prisoner. Dorsej^\'s sur- \ngeon, Dr. Herndon, extracted the ball. None of Dorsey\'s men were \nkilled or wounded. \n\nOn the morning of the 28th, the engagement was renewed, the force \nunder Dorsey being about 100 yards east of the church, in the brush \nand timber. The Federal charge upon them was with both infantry \nand cavalry, but was repulsed. They again charged, and were again \nrepulsed, after which they made a third charge. The ammunition of \nDorsey\'s command being exhausted, he determined to fall back to his \nwagons. The Federals advanced upon him, and took some ten pris- \noners. They then marched on to the church, and seeing soldiers in \nthe building, fired on it, whereupon two of the prisoners who were in \nthe church, ran out and said : " There are no fighting men here ; this \nis a hospital ;" hearing which the Federal fire ceased. \n\n\n\n416 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nGen. Prentiss then gathered up his dead and wounded, pressed \nteams and wagons, and returned to Sturgeon, leaving the Confederate \nwounded on the field, whom Dr. Herndon distributed among the farm \nhouses in the neighborhood. Dorsey\'s loss : 5 killed ; 35 wounded, \nand 10 prisoners. Prentiss\' loss (estimated) : 30 killed ; 60 wounded, \nand 10 prisoners. \n\nThe gentleman who makes this report to us, also desires it to be \nstated that Gen. Prentiss in every respect acted the gentleman and \nthe soldier, in regard to the Confederate wounded, affording all the \nassistance in his power, and detailing a guard from his own command \nto keep soldiers out of the church. \n\nWe learn from a different source that among Dorsey\'s wounded \nwere Clifton Quisenberry, of Boone, Capt. Mj\'ers, of Lincoln, a \nvoung man by the name of Thurman, and a Mr. Swaydor, all of \nwhom, except Capt. Myers, died \xe2\x80\x94 Swaydor at John Reed\'s, who \nlives near the church. One of the wounded also died at James Ful- \nkerson\'s. \n\nFrom another source, altogether authentic, it is learned that in the \nskirmish on the evening before the main fight at Mt. Zion, the fol- \nlowino- men of Co. A, 3d Cavalry, Missouri Volunteers, were taken \nprisoners by the Confederates, viz. : Capt. Jas. T. Rowland ; pri- \nvates Geo. Hipkins, Thos. J. Maggard, John W. Peak, A. J. Johnson, \nWm. B. Hatten, W. J. Morton, A. J. Goodrich and Chas. Carna- \nhan. Capt. Rowland was badly wounded in the leg; Carnahan was \nstruck on the occipital bone; Goodrich was the soldier mortally \nwounded, who died the same night. \n\nA few days after the fight an arrangement was effected between \nGen. Prentiss and Col. Dorsey, commanding the Federal and Confed- \nerate forces respectively, for an excha;ige of prisoners. Capt. Hen- \nderson represented the Confederates and Col. Glover the Federals, \nand the exchange was made at Sturgeon. The following are the \nnames of the Federals exchanged : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCapt, J. T. Howland, Co. A, 3d Mo. Cavalry. \n\nWm. Morton, Co. A, 3d Mo. Cavalry. \n\nWin. Hatten, " " " " \n\nSergeant J. C. Miller, Co. C, 3d Mo. Cavalry. \n\nW. S. Grover, " " " " " \n\nBugler Thos. Orton, " " " " \xc2\xab\' \n\nCorporal Rhino, " " " \'< " \n\nPrivate Frank Murray, " \xc2\xab \xc2\xab " " \n\nSergeant Isaiah Null, Flagg\'s Regiment. \nPrivate Walter Scott, 81st Ohio Infantry. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 417 \n\nAfter leaving Mt. Zioii Church Col. Dorsey made his way west- \nward into Perche township, and went into camp near Everett. Here \nhe remained a day or two, when, pursuant to orders from Gen. Price, \nhe ordered his command to " scatter," until such time as a concen- \ntration would be proper and could be effected. In February fol- \nlowing the major portion of the command crossed the Missouri and \nmade its way to Price\'s army. \n\n" meerill\'s horse." \n\n1862. One of the prominent incidents in the military history of \nColumbia, and of Boone County, was the advent into the former, on \nThursday, January 2, 1862, of a large portion of the Second Cavalry \nregiment, Missouri Volunteers, known as "Merrill\'s Horse," and \ncommanded by Col. Lewis Merrill, Lieut. -Col. Wm. F. Shaffer and \nMaj. John Y. Clopper. This force })itched their tents in the Uni- \nversity campus, made officers\' quarters, and established a depository \nfor Commissary\'s and Quartermaster\'s stores and a military prison, \nin the University. They garrisoned Columbia until about the 1st of \nJuly, when the headquarters of the regiment were moved to War- \nrenton. \n\nMerrill\'s Horse came to be well known in Missouri. It fouo-ht in \nalmost every quarter of the State, from Cherry Grove, in Scotland \nCounty, to Bloomfield, Stoddard County. It fought at Silver Creek, \nPierce\'s Mills, Compton\'s Ferry, Kirksville, and other places in this \nState, and did much service in Arkansas. \n\nDuring the stay of this force in Columbia many citizens in various \nparts of the county were arrested, a few of them tried by court-mar- \ntial, some of them banished from the State, some of them condemned \nto death (but never shot) for bridge burning, recruiting within the \nFederal lines, violations of parole, etc., and several hundred of them \nrequired to give bond and take the following oath : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nI, , of my own free will and accord, do solemnly swear before Almighty \n\nGod, and in the presence of these witnesses, without any mental reservation and with full \nintent of mind and heart to keep the obligation, that I will bear true faith and allegiance to \nthe Federal Government of the United States, above all allegiance to any other State or \ngovernment; that I will support and uphold the Constitution of the United States and the \nState of Missouri, and that I will neither encourage, aid nor assist, by word or deed, any \nwho are now or who may hereafter be in rebellion against the Government of the United \nStates as lawfully constituted, and that I will by all peaceful means in my power dis- \ncourage and discountenance the present rebellion against the" said Government. So help \nme God. \n\n27 \n\n\n\n4:18 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nUNION MILITARY DISPLAY A FEDERAL SOLDIER DISGRACED. \n\nOn Monda}^ February 11, 1862, there was a very imposing military \npageant in Columbia, attended l)y an unusual exhibition of the rigor \nof military discipline. \n\nOn their march from Boonville to Danville, and en route for the field \nof battle in Tennessee, three infantry regiments under command of \nCol. Worthington, acting Brigadier-General, passed through Colum- \nbia and encamped near the farm of Dr. Jacobs, six miles east. The \ncolumn consisted of the Fifth Iowa, Col. Worthington ; Forty-seventh \nIllinois, Col. Bryan, and an Ohio regiment under Col. Groesbeck, \nwith a battery of six pieces under Captain Sharp, and about 130 \nwagons. The whole made an immense train. When the front of \nthe column reached the brow of the hill west of town, a halt was \nordered and Capt. Sharp discharged two of his pieces, waking up all \nthe region round about, after which, with martial music by three \nbands, and the Stars and Stripes floating at the head of each regiment, \nthe immense pageant marched through town. \n\nA few miles west of town, that morning, one of the soldiers, who \nwas on horseback, while passing the residence of James Watson, dis- \nmounted from his lame and jaded charger, and without license, bridled \nand saddled and rode away a gelding of Mr. Watson\'s. No sooner \nwas Col. Worthington advised of this fact than he ferreted out the \noffender, returned the horse to his owner, and secured the unfortunate \nman with a rope to the hind gate of one of the wagons, with a file of \nsoldiers to guard );|im. \n\nARRIVAL OF COL. ODON GUITAR IN COLUMBIA. \n\nEarly in January, 1862, Odon Guitar, a distinguished lawyer and \nwell-known Union man of Columbia, was authorized by Gov. Gamble \nto recruit a cavalry regiment of Missouri State militia \xe2\x80\x94 the Ninth. \nHe entered upon the duty with alacrity, and it was not long before \nhis eff\'orts were crowned with success ; and his regiment, after being \norganized, attained no mean distinction for efficiency and courage in \nsustaining the flag under which they marched. \n\nOn Tuesday, February 17, 1862, Col. Guitar arrived in Columbia \nwith two companies of his regiment from Sturgeon, fully uniformed \nand equipped. Their entrance into Columbia was acccompanied by \nthe waving of handkerchiefs and many other tokens of greeting from \nthe citizens and by loud huzzas from the people and from Col. Mer- \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 41& \n\nrill\'s cavalry ; the latter was drawn up in front of the Statesman \noffice to receive them. It was a soul-stirring ovation. These com- \npanies of Col. Guitar\'s regiment were composed principally of young^ \nand able-bodied men from Boone and Howard. \n\nThe 22d ot February, 1862 was celebrated in the court house in \nColumbia, Maj. A. J. Harbison acting as president and L. M. Switz- \nler as secretary. Prayer by Rev. Isaac Jones. Eeading of Wash- \nington\'s farewell address by Dr. J. H. Lathrop. Short addresses by \nCol. Merrill and Capt. Howard. \n\nMILITARY SUPPRESSION OF THE COLUMBIA "STANDARD" NEWSPAPER. \n\nIn March, 1862, a military commission convened at Columbia pur- \nsuant to special orders No. 160, of February 20, 1862, from the Head- \nquarters of the Department of the Missouri, Col. Lewis Merrill, \nPresident, before which Edmund J. Ellis was arraigned and tried on \nvarious charges and specifications \xe2\x80\x94 substantially, that in the Columbia \nStandard, a newspaper of which he was editor and proprietor, he \ngave information for the beuefit of the enemy and encouraged resist- \nance to the government and laws of the United States, and that in \ndoing so he violated the laws of war. The commission found him \nguilty, and sentenced him to be placed and kept outside of the lines \nof the State of Missouri during the war, and that the press, types \nand other material of the Standard ofiice be confiscated and sold for \nthe use of the United States. The finding and sentence were approved \nby Maj. Gen. Halleck, and by Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War, \nand were executed. \n\nThe same military commission tried Wm. F. Petty, James Quisen- \nberry and James Lane, on the charge of railroad and bridge burning \non the North Missouri Railroad, about December 21, 1861 ; found \nthem guilty, and sentenced them to be " shot dead at such time and \nplace as the Major General commanding the department shall direct." \nOn recommendation of the commission Gen. Halleck commuted the \nsentence to taking the oath of allegiance, and giving bond in $2,000 \neach for future loyalty to the Government. Petty, himself, was \nfinally released, and now lives in Texas. \n\nCOLUMBIA TRUSTEES OUSTED. \n\nBy a military order issued April 19,^1862, by Col. Merrill, AV. H. \nTillery, W. B. Quisenberry, Thomas Selby, J. M. Samuel and W. H. \n\n\n\n420 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDuncan, Trustees ; John Lackland, Recorder, and W. H. Northcutt, \nMarshal of Columbia, were forbidden to exercise any of the func- \ntions of their offices, under penalty of being arrested and tried for \nmilitary offence. \n\nFLAG PRESENTATION TO " MERRILL\' S HORSE." \n\nOn Monday, April 28, 1862, a flag was presented to the regiment \nof Col. Lewis Merrill (Merrill\'s Horse) by the loyal citizens of Co- \nlumbia and vicinity, as a testimonial of their high appreciation of their \nservices. At the appointed hour the portion of the commands of \nCols. Merrill and Guitar, then stationed in Columbia, formed as \ninfantry in the University campus, and with banners flying and to the \nmusic of the cavalry bugle marched to the front of the court house, \nwhere the presentation was made. J. H. Waugh, T. B. Gentry, Dr. \nPaul Hubbard and W. B. Selby acted as a committee of arrange- \nment. Col. Switzler presided, and prayer was offered by Rev. Dr. \nLandis, Chaplain of "Merrill\'s Horse." Dr. John H. Lathrop de- \nlivered the presentation speech, to which Col. Merrill responded. \n\nDEATH OF LIEUT. THEODORE BROOKS. \n\nOn Saturday night. May 3, 1862, Lieut. Theo. Brooks, of Capt. \nCook\'s Company, Guitar\'s regiment, with twelve men, stopped tor \nthe night at the house of John Long, four miles from Florida and eight \nmiles from Paris, in Monroe County. Apprehending an attack during \nthe night from about fifty armed Confederates, who were supposed to \nbe in the vicinity, Lieut. Brooks posted sentinels at every available \npoint. Between 12 and 1 o\'clock about thirty shots were fired at the \nsentinel posted at the barn guarding the horses. The firing was heard \nat the house, and Lieut. Brooks proceeded immediately to the barn to \nlearn the cause. As he was returning to the house he was mistaken \nby his own men for one of the enemy and one soldier, W.W. Conger, \nnow of Centralia, after calling " halt," (which Lieut. Brooks did not \nhear) fired upon him, the ball breaking his right thigh and badly \nshattering the bone. He was the next day conveyed to Paris and \naccommodated with a room at the Glenn House, where he died on \nTuesday night. His widow, who still resides at Ashland, has, ever \nsince his death, regularly received a pension from the Government. \nA detachment of Capt. Cook\'s company escorted his remains to Salem \n-Church, in Boone County, where they were interred. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 421 \n\nCOL. GUITAR AT JEFFERSON CITY. \n\nOn May 6, 1862, Odon Guitar, having completed the organization \nof his regiment, was commissioned by Gov. Gamble as Colonel, and \non May 31st Brig. Gen. James Totten issued an order forming a mili- \ntary sub-district with the following boundaries : "Northeast and south \nby the Missouri and Osage Elvers, and west by a line from Warsaw, \nthroiigh Versailles to Mount Vernon, in Moniteau County, and that Col. \nOdon Guitar, commanding the Ninth Kegiment, M. S. M. Cavalry, will \nassume military control and surveillance of said district, keeping up a \nsystem of scouts throughout the same, so that at all times he may be \nperfectly informed of the whereabouts of guerrilla bands and other \ndisloyal persons Avithin his command." Col. Guitar assumed com \nmand on June 2d, and as far as known this is the first time at which \nhis regiment Avas all stationed at the same place. Col. Guitar\'s \nencampment at Jefterson City was called " Camp Totten," and on \nJune 9th he issued General Orders No, 2, attested by Thomas Ward, \npost adjutant, in regard to the government of his officers and the dis- \ncipline and conduct of his men. \n\nJULY 4, 1862, IN COLUMBIA. \n\nThe portion of " Merrill\'s Horse " stationed in Columbia, together \nwith many citizens, celebrated the 86th anniversary of American In- \ndependence, by a national salute at day break, a cavalry dress parade \non Broadway, the reading of the Declaration of Independence by \nLieut. Lee S. Watson, followed by a speech by Capt. Wm. Barr. \n\npoindexter\'s raid. \n\nDuring the month of August, 1862, occurred what came to be \nknown as " Poindexter\'s Raid." Col. J. A. Poindexter, of Randolph \nCounty, returned to Missouri from the Confederate army, in Arkan- \nsas, and recruited in this section of Missouri, a considerable force, \nestimated at from 1,000 to 1,500, and then sought to make his way \nback to Arkansas. He was pursued by Gen. Odon Guitar, and over- \ntaken at Compton\'s Ferry, on the Grand River, Carroll County, and \ndisastrously defeated, losing about thirty killed, a number of horses, \narms, provisions, etc. Afterward he was again encountered by Gen. \nB. F. Loan, near Utica, in Livingston County, and turned south. \nPassing through the corner of Linn, and into Chariton County, he was \nagain overtaken, at the crossing of Yellow Creek, by Gen. Guitar and \nhis forces dispersed. \n\n\n\n422 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nPoindexter\'s raid was a disastrous failure. His men rode for days \nwithout food or sleep, and were at last captured and defeated from \nsheer exhaustion. Guitar gave them no chance to halt and refresh \nthemselves, and everywhere the militia were up and after them. \nMany of them were from Boone County, and a few returned home \nin safety, but many more were captured. \n\nThe fight at Compton\'s Ferry occurred August 9 : that at Yellow \nCreek August 13. In both of these engagements portions of the \nNinth M. S. M. were present and took a creditable part. A few days \npreviously \xe2\x80\x94 that is to say, on July 28 \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Guitar had fought and \ndefeated a force of Confederates under Col. Jo. Porter, Third Missouri \nCavalry, C. S. A., at Moore\'s Mills, Callaway County.^ Guitar had \nunder him portions of companies A, B, G, and F, of the Ninth M. S. M. ; \na part of Merrill\'s Horse, a battalion of the Third Iowa Cavalry, and \na company of militia from Pike County. Following is a list of the \nkilled and wounded in the companies of the Ninth M. S. M. : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nKilled. \xe2\x80\x94 Kichard Baker, George Schultz. \n\nWounded. \xe2\x80\x94 Bugler John G-allatly, in several places, dangerous (the report that he was \nkilled is untrue); H. Shrader, in head, severe; P. Knitzer, in head, severe; L. Snowden, \nmortally; J. Tudor, in leg, severe; W. A. Mason, in hip and hand, severe; H. Shultz, in \n\nthigh, slight; Fleming, in arm, severe; E. H. Breese, in head, slight; M. Dalton, in \n\nelbow, slight; E. C. Music. \n\nThe total Federal loss at Moore\'s Mill was about sixteen killed and \nfifty wounded. The Confederate loss was about the same. Boone \nCounty men participated in this fight on both sides. Among the \nConfederate killed were D. P. Brown and Henry Pigg, both of this \ncounty; wounded, Wm. T. Tolston, John McKinzie, John Bergen, \nand John Jeffries. \n\nAugust 6, Gen. John McNeil defeated Col. Porter at Kirksville, the \nNinth M. S. M. performing much valuable service for the Federals. \nThe Boone County companies, under Capts. Garth and Cook, were \nespecially mentioned in the official reports for gallant action. \n\nTHE GUERRILLAS VISIT COLUMBIA AND RELEASE THE PRISONERS IN \nJAIL THEY CALL FOR COL. SWITZLER AND GO TO THE "STATES- \nMAN" OFFICE TO DESTROY IT THEY CAPTURE ABOUT 80 FEDERAL \n\nHORSES. \n\nOn Tuesday, August 13, 1862, about 200 guerrillas under com- \nmand of Capt. Young Purcell, of Audrain, and Lieutenant John Brown, \n\n\n\n^ A full account of this engagement and of the Compton\'s Ferry fight were prepared for \npublication, but omitted for want of room. \xe2\x80\x94 Publishers. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, 423 \n\nf \n\nof Boone, made a sudden dash into Columbia from the north, by the \nCentralia road. Their presence in different portions of it was so sud- \nden and unexpected, that it was witli difficulty that many of the \nFederal soldiers, who were leisurely walking around and sitting be- \nneath the trees, made their way past them to their encampment in \nthe campus of the University. \n\nThe guerrilla advance guard was the first to enter, which im- \nmediately picketed the principal cross streets and all the roads \nleading out of town, allowing no one to pass in or out. This \nguard was shortly followed by about 70 more who scattered in the \nstreets north of Broadway, leaving a large number in the suburbs \nbehind. \n\nAfter going through with these preliminaries, they proceeded to \nthe jail, demanded the keys of the jailer, who surrendered them, and \nreleased the three confederate prisoners therein confined \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. R. \nJackson of Audrain, Wm. Rowland, and Amos Marney, Jr., both of \nthis county, the latter a cousin to the confederate Captain Purcell. \nThe release of these men appeared to be the principal object of their \nvisit to Columbia, for shortly after this was accomplished they evacu- \nated the town creating no further disturbance. \n\n* But while this was going on, squads of them, some intoxicated, \nwere ranging up and down the streets swearing and hallooing at a ter- \nrible rate. A party of them halted in front of the Statesman office \nand inquired for Colonel Switzler, but were informed that he was ab- \nsent, he having left early on the previous evening for St. Louis via \nJefierson City. They then swore with a vengeance that they had come \nto demolish the office, and were about proceeding to the work when \nthe interference of Lieut. Brown and some of the cftizens. Southern \nmen, prevented it. It was with reluctance that they could give up \nthis long and dearly cherished design. Happily, however, they in- \njured nothing. One of them ordered down the Union flag floating \nin front of Redmond\'s daguerrean gallery and trailed it in the dust \nas he rode through the streets singing songs and shouting for Jeff. \nDavis. Such conduct as this characterized many of them whilst in \ntown, but the body of them were more civil and more disposed to be \nquiet. \n\nThe pickets kept up a continual firing, the Federals returning it \nwhen they could, from behind houses and fences, but no one was in- \njured, though several citizens narrowly escaped. \n\nWhilst these things were going on in town a party of the invaders \n\n\n\n424 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwent to a pasture belonging to Maj. Wm. S- Cave, one mile north of \ntown and captured 81 head of government horses \xe2\x80\x94 the farm now owned \nby Col, E. C. More. The horses were grazing in the pasture, and \nwere guarded by four men, all of whom escaped except one \xe2\x80\x94 Daniel \nW. Rogers \xe2\x80\x94 who, it is supposed, was wounded as he was taken pris- \noner. They also took a horse from Mr. Jere Orear, a citizen of Colum- \nbia. The government horses taken were very inferior animals, some \nof them scarcely worth driving away. Out of the whole number, they \ngot only about twenty fit for service of any kind. About 15 were \nafterwards recovered. \n\nAbout 5 o\'clock they left town by the Mexico road, and camped \nthat night on the farm of John Read, near Mt. Zion Church. \n\nMILITARY SECRETARY IN ARKANSAS. \n\nIn August, 1862, Hon. John S. Phelps, of Springfield was ap- \npointed by the Secretary of War, Military Governor of Arkansas, \nwho appointed W. F. Switzler, Military Secretary of that State, with \nthe rank, pay and emoluments of a major of cavalry. Amos Eno, of \nNew York City was appointed adjutant. They immediately took up \ntheir headquarters in Helena, Ark., then garrisoned by Maj. Gen. \nS. B. Curtis, with 25,000 soldiers. Col. Switzler, in October follow-* \ning, resigned and came home. \n\nBURNING OF MOUNT ZION CHURCH. \n\nOn Sunday, September 22, 1862, a detachment of an Iowa regi- \nment stationed at Mexico, and at the time in command of a Lieutenant \nby the name of Hartman, appeared at Mount Zion Church, about 12 \nmiles northeast of Columbia, and burned it to the ground. They also \nburned the dwellings and barns of Robert H. Gay, and Elijah Cris- \nman, in the same neighborhood. It is not known that they were ever \narrested and punished for these outrages. \n\nIn August, 1862, Col. Guitar, 9th Cavalry, M. S. M., was promoted \nby Gov. Gamble, to be Brigadier General in the enrolled militia, for \ngallant and meritorious services recently rendered, and was ordered \nto make his headquarters in Columbia, where he issued an order that \nall persons subject to military duty, residing in the county, report \nthemselves at his headquarters (the president\'s house at the Univer- \nsity), for enrollment on or before September 25th. John Corbit, \nenrolling officer. \n\nUnder this order about 2,100 citizens were enrolled. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 425 \n\nFLAG PRESENTATIONS. \n\nOn Thursday morning, the 30th of October, 1862, a rich and beau- \ntiful silk flag, on behalf of the Union ladies of Columbia and vicinity, \nwas presented to the command of Gen. Guitar, the Ninth Cavalry, \nM. S. M., Hon. J. S. Rollins making the presentation speech, and \nGen. Guitar responding. On the same occasion, R. L. Todd, Esq., \npresented a beautiful banner to Company B, Captain Garth respond- \ning. Still another banner, no less beautiful and appropriate than the \nothers, was presented by Hon. J. S. Rollins to the Ninth Cavalry, \naccompanied with an appropriate address from Maj. Rollins, and a \nstirring response from Gen. Guitar. The scene of the presentations \nwas in front of the court house, the troops being drawn up conven- \niently and appropriately, in columns, and the speakers standing on \nthe steps of the portico. \n\nAt the battle at Lone Jack, in Jackson Couuty, Missouri, Capt. J. \nB. Watson and W. T. Parker, of this county, were killed. Capt. W. \nwas shot in the head. Mr. Parker was a son of Gabriel Parker, of \nthis county. \n\nNEW ORDER COL. GUITAR. \n\nGeneral Merrill, at his own request, having been relieved of the \ncommand of the Enrolled Militia of this (9th) Military District. \nGen. Guitar was appointed to the command, with headquarters at \nColumbia. The District was composed of the counties of Boone, \nRandolph, Howard, Monroe, Audrain, Callaway, Ralls, Pike, Mont- \ngomery, Warren and St. Charles. Maj. Luther T. Hayman was ap- \npointed Asst. Adjt. General of the District. \n\nLt. W. B. Kemper Avas promoted to Brigade Quartermaster, of \nthis District, with the rank of Major. \n\nSWORD PEESENTED TO COL. GUITAR. \n\nOn Saturday night, November 29, 1862, at the military headquar- \nters in Columbia (the president\'s house in the University campus), \nthe ceremonies attending the presentation of a magnificent sword to \nGen. Guitar occurred, as a token of esteem and regard on the part of \nhis Union friends in Boone County. The sword was manufactured in \nPhiladelphia, at a cost of about $150, and is a superb piece of work- \nmanship. The scabbard is plain, \'but highly polished, and exhibits a \nrichly golden color. Near the top of it, next to the hilt, is engraved \nin silver the portrait of Washington. On the other side are engraved \n\n\n\n426 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe words: ^^ Presented to Brig. Gen. 0. Guitar by his Union \nJ\'riends of Boone County for his gallant and meritorious conduct at \nMoore\'s Mill, Little Comptonand Yellow Creeh." \n\nThe hilt is of solid silver, with golden guard, and bears the engrav- \ning of an eagle in combat with a serpent. The end of the hilt is sur- \nmounted with a golden eagle. The blade is executed of the finest \nsteel, highly polished. On it, in beautiful colors, is engraved the \ngoddess of liberty, with the letters " U. S." \n\nE.. L. Todd made the presentation speech to which Gen. Guitar \nresponded. \n\nOrders were issued December 16, 1<S62, that Gen. Guitar\'s regi- \nment leave Columbia and make its headquarters at Kolla, Missouri, \nand that Col. J. B. Douglass, with Captains Miller and Lamme\'s com- \npanies of enrolled militia, garrison the post. Lieut. James A. Adams \nremained as Provost Marshal. \n\n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n427 \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XI. \n\n\n\nTHE CIVIL WAR. \xe2\x80\x94 Concluded. \n\n\n\nElection Keturns \xe2\x80\x94 Confederate Assault on the Columbia Jail \xe2\x80\x94 Skirmish on Cedar Creek \xe2\x80\x94 \nHon. J. S. Kollins "Taken in" bj\' Confederate Guerrillas \xe2\x80\x94 Celebration of Union \nVictories \xe2\x80\x94 Union Meetings \xe2\x80\x94 Negro Exodus \xe2\x80\x94 First Provisional Regiment \xe2\x80\x94 Murder of \nM. E. Oldham \xe2\x80\x94 Depreciation of Slave Property; a "Likely" Negro for $200 \xe2\x80\x94 Negro \nRecruits \xe2\x80\x94 Desperate Fight at Dripping Springs \xe2\x80\x94 The Gosline\'s Lane Fight ; Capture \nof a Federal "Wagon Train; Eleven Federals and One Bushwhacker Killed \xe2\x80\x94 The \nCarnage at Centralia \xe2\x80\x94 Massacre of 23 Unarmed Federals by Bill Anderson \xe2\x80\x94 Horrible \nScenes \xe2\x80\x94 Annihilation of Maj. Johnson\'s (Federal) Command by the Bushwhackers and \nGuerrillas under George and Tom Todd, Thrailkill, Anderson and Poole \xe2\x80\x94 A Fight \nwithout a Parallel \xe2\x80\x94 Federal Loss 123; three Guerrillas Killed \xe2\x80\x94 Pursuit of the Guerril- \nlas by Gen. J. B. Douglass \xe2\x80\x94 The Federal Draft and the Drafted \xe2\x80\x94 Horrible Massacre \nof Negroes \xe2\x80\x94 A Fighting Flock of Furious Fowls \xe2\x80\x94 Capt. Cook\'s Fight with Carter\'s \nBushwhackers in Perche Township \xe2\x80\x94 "The Morning Cometh" \xe2\x80\x94 Peace at Last \xe2\x80\x94 An- \nother Draft, but Nobody Hurt \xe2\x80\x94 Assassination of President Lincoln \xe2\x80\x94 Public Meeting \n\xe2\x80\x94 Gov. Fletcher\'s Appointments \xe2\x80\x94 Spencer Rifles for the " Boone County Tigers" \xe2\x80\x94 \nRollins Robbed Again \xe2\x80\x94 Surrender of Jim Jackson\'s Band \xe2\x80\x94 Independence Day, 1865 \xe2\x80\x94 \nGeneral Re-union of the People \xe2\x80\x94 Brethren in Unity Once More \xe2\x80\x94 Clasping Hands \nOver the Bloody Chasm \xe2\x80\x94 Capt. Cook\'s Company Relieved; End of Military Occupa- \ntion \xe2\x80\x94 Railroad \xe2\x80\x94 Agricultural College \xe2\x80\x94 Federal and Confederate Soldiers\' Record. \n\n\n\nELECTION RETURNS FROM 1863 TO 1866. \n* Those thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nNOYEMBER, 1864. \' \n\nPRESIDENT. \n\nGeo. B. McClel- I * Abraham Lin- \n\nIan, Dem. . 808 | coin, Rad. . 244 \n\nMcClellau\'s majority 664 \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\nThos. L. Price, I *Thos.C. Fletch- \n\nDem. . . . 818 I er, Rad. . . 218 \n\nPrice\'s majority 600 \n\nCONGRESS. \n\nOdon Guitar, I *G. W. Ander- \n\nDem. . . . 809 I son, Rad. . . 190 \n\nGuitar\'s majority ....... 619 \n\nCIRCUIT ATTORNEY. \n\n*A. J. Harbison, Dem., (no opp.) . . 684 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n\n\nThos. J. Sutton 99 \n*Jno. W.Harris 574 \nWilliam Slade . 90 \nJno. G. Shelnut 35 \n\n\n\nJohn Berkebile 99 \n*Boyle Gordon 670 \nWm. W. Todd . 163 \n\n\n\nSHERIFF. \n\nJeremiah Orear 333 | *John F. Baker 526 \nTotal 859 \n\nMEMBERS OF CONSTITUTIONAL CONVEN- \nTION. \n\n\n\nJohn W. Jami- \nson . . . .48 \n*W. F. Switzler 599 \n\n\n\nFrancis T. Rus- \n\nell . . . . 57 \nJ. B. Redmond . 57 \n*Thos. B.Harris 603 \n\nFor holding constitutional convention 174 \nAgainst 339 \n\nCOUNTY JUDGE. \n\n*James W. Daly (no opposition) , . 791 \n\nCOUNTY TREASURER. \n\n*Moss Prewitt (no opposition) . . 812 \n\nCOUNTY ASSESSOR. \n\n*J. W. Hickam 382 I T. J. Gillaspie . 168 \nJames Lampton 200 | \n\n\n\n428 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTS. \n\n\n\nELECTION RETURNS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nJUNE 6th, 1865. \n\n*ror new constitution 132 \n\nAgainst 1,763 \n\nShall the railroads pay their f ^^\xc2\xae " ^^ \n\nbonds? ] \xe2\x80\x9e , ,_, \n\n(No . 1,431 \n\nNOVEMBER 6th, 1866. \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\nWm.F. Switzler 636 I *George W. An- \n\nI derson . . . 178 \n\nTotal 814 \n\nSTATE SCHOOL SUPERINTEDENT. \n\nJohn F. Wil- I *T. A. Parker, \n\nliams, Dem. . 681 | Rad. . . . 135 \n\nSENATOR. \n\nJohn A. Hock- I *Paul Hubbard 166 \n\naday . . . 645 | \n\nTotal 811 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\n* James S. Rol- I John B. Allison 82 \nlins . . . . 308 I Jno.G. Shelnutt 9 \nWm. Leach, Jr, 11 I *RolIin Lyman 321 \nI. I. Blair . . 82 | \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*James C. Orr . 605 | Jolm E. Baker 220 \nTotal 825 \n\n\n\nCOUNTY JUDGES (THREE ELECTED) . \n\n*James Harris 618 I James W. Daly 308 \n*Jolin W. Hall . 423 | David Gordon . 234 \n*James Arnold . 321 I John Berkebile 191 \nJ. R. Crosswhite 228 | \n\nCIRCUIT CLERK. \n\n*Juo. M. Samuel 552 | R. L. Todd . . 268 \n\n\n\nSamuel\'s majority 284 \n\nCOUNTY CLERK. \n\n*Warren Wood- \nson .... \n\n\n\n366 \n251 \n\n\n\nJoseph B.Doug- \nlass .... 200\' \n\n\n\nH. M. Cook \n\nCOUNTY TREASURER. \n\n*R. B. Price . 595 | J. H. Waugh . 169 \nPrice\'s majority 426 \n\nCOUNTY ASSESSOR. \n\n\n\n*J. W. Hickara 220 \nM. H. Harris . 189 \nJ. C. Gillaspie . 162 \n\nSUPERVISOR OF REGISTRATION. \n\n*Jeffers\'n Garth 678 | Isaac T. Jeffrey 146 \n\n\n\nJames Lampton 145 \nMiles J. Henley 99 \nH. P. Potts . . 4 \n\n\n\nGarth\'s majority ....... 532 \n\nCOUNTY SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. \n\n* James A. Hen- 1 H. H. Grey . .158 \n\n\n\nderson \n\n\n\n480 E. G. T. Ross \n\n\n\n60 \n\n\n\nCONFEDERATE ASSAULT ON THE COLUMBIA JAIL. \n\n1863. \xe2\x80\x94 About 12 o\'clock on the night of January 11, 1863, a band of \nConfederates, numbering about fifteen, entered Columbia for the purpose \nof releasing six or eight Confederates therein confined, on indictments \nby the civil authorities, based on charges of horse-stealing and perhaps \nother criminal offenses. The jail was guarded by a single sentinel, who,, \nhearing the approach of the Confederates, withdrew to the court house, \nwhere the remainder of the guard, numbering six or eight men, were \nlodged. It appears that one of the Confederates, Chas. McGhee, of \nthis county, came in advance of the band for the purpose of captur- \ning or killing the sentinel. McGhee, in the darkness of the night, mis- \ntaking one of the windows of the jail for a sentinel, fired thirty odd \nbuck shots into it. When his companions came up they mistook him \nfor the guard and one Confederate fired on him, a charge of buckshot \nentering his back and lodging in his breast. They then visited the housfr \nof the jailer for the purpose of getting the keys, but the jailer had \nescaped with the keys to the court house. During this time, the \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 429 \n\nguards lodged in the court house kept up a constant firing. The \nConfederates, finding the phice too hot for them, left on a double \n\xe2\x80\xa2quick, without entering the jail or committing any damage. \n\nMcGhee lived in great agony for three hours, but, before his death, \ngave the names of several of the parties engaged in the raid, viz. : \nJohn Brown, Thomas Cave, J. Drury Pulliam, Sidney Jackman, of \nHoward, and John Yates. \n\nA SHARP SKIRMISH ON CEDAR CREEK. \n\nOn Wednesday morning, January 21, 1863, a squad of E. M. M., \nfrom Columbia, numbering about twenty men, under command of \nLieut. -Col. F. T. Russell, went on a scout in search of a Confederate \ncamp, reported to be in the forks of Cedar Creek, near Boonsboro. \n"When the command got in the neighborhood of the hiding place, \nit was divided \xe2\x80\x94 a portion under Col. Russell and the balance under \nCapt. Hubbard Williams. It was not long before two of the militia, \nJ. W. and A. L. Scott, brothers, were fired upon from ambush by the \nConfederates, the former wounded in the back, and the latter in the \nhead and knee. The escape of the latter was miraculous. He spied \na Confederate behind a tree, and both raised their guns at once, the \nConfederate\'s gun firing first, the ball entering Scott\'s cap above the \nbrim and cuttins; the skin on his head. \n\nThese shots opened the ball, and they were succeeded for several \nhours by irregular skirmishing, searching, retreating, pursuing \xe2\x80\x94 re- \nsulting finally in the capture of four captains, three of whom had re- \ncruiting commissions on their persons, viz. : James Wilson and George \nLangston, of Boone ; Alex. Muir, of Cooper, but more recently of \nNebraska City, and Capt. Primrose, of Knox County. Four others \nescaped, among them, very narrowly. Dr. Julius McGuire, of this \ncounty, whose horse, saddle and equipments were captured. \n\nCol. Russell, with his squad, found the Confederate camp to consist of \none tent made of bed-ticking, blankets, cooking utensils, provisions, \netc. It seems dinner was in progress when the militia flushed the \ncamp, for the wheat dough was kneaded and the bacon was in the pan \nready for frying. \n\nCapts. Wilson and Langston had an eventful time of it. The \nformer, in his attempt to escape, lost his cap and threw away his coat \nand gun, afterwards concealing himself in a pile of drift-wood in \nCedar Creek. Capt. Langston went into the subject much deeper, \nfor he immersed his whole body in the creek, his head only emerging \n\n\n\n430 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfrom the water, and this in the midst of a pile of drift-wood. George^ \nwho is a very clever fellow, got rather a cold bath, but the militia \ntook him in out of the wet. \n\nHON. J. S. ROLLINS CAPTURED BY GUERILLAS. \n\nOn Wednesday, July 1, 1863, about 5 o\'clock p. m , James S. Rol- \nlins and Warren Woodson left Jefferson City on their return home, \ntakino- passao-e on a steamboat. The boat landed at Providence at 10 \no\'clock. That night, shortly thereafter, a band of guerillas from \nfifteen to twenty-five in number, dashed into the town on horseback, \nunder the command of Capt. Drury Pulliara. Riding up in front of \nMr. J. W. Lamme\'s store, they inquired for Maj. Rollins, who, pre- \nsenting himself at the door, Capt. Pulliam dismounted and arrested \nhim, at the same time ordering two of his men to guard him closely \nand not allow him to leave the store-room. In a few minutes the \nwhole band took possession of the store and commenced indiscriminate \nplunder, from the most valuable down to the smallest article which \nthey could lay their hands upon. Maj. Rollins remained in the store \nwhile this pillage was going on, giving to them an occasional word \nof good advice. One of the band, under the nom de plume of William \nHunter (a great desperado), denounced Mr. R, as a " d \xe2\x80\x94 d old Abo- \nlitionist and Lincolnite ; " said that he had been after him for a long \nwhile, and that now he meant to " kill and send him to h \xe2\x80\x94 11." After \nthe plundering ceased, Maj. Rollins had a short conversation with \nCapt. Pulliam, who was altogether civil in his language, and, upon the \nintercession of several ladies who were present, the Major was re- \nleased. Besides Capt. Pulliam, Russell Palmer, of this place, and \nthe aforesaid Wm. Hunter (the same man who was engaged eighteen \nmonths before in plundering Maj. Rollins\' farm), and a young Evans, \nof this county, were with the gang. \n\nTwo ladies living near Columbia were arrested by order of Capt. \nH. N. Cook, commander of the post of Columbia, for insultingly \ngetting off the sidewalk into the gutter, in order to avoid passing \nbeneath a Union flag, on July 4, 1863. \n\nFALL OF VICKSBURG CKLEBRATED. \n\nFriday night, July 10, 1863, the Union victories achieved at Vicks- \nburg, Helena and Gettysburg were celebrated in Columbia by illumi- \nnation, firing of cannon, speeches, etc. Volleys of fire crackers \nexploded upon the sidewalks, serpentine fireworks careered through \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 431 \n\nthe air, while rockets shot with whizzing sound and fiery tails athwart \nthe sky. The cupola of the University was brilliantly illuminated by \nthe soldiers of the Ninth Cavalry and the enrolled militia, and .the \n.wmdows of many of the business houses, offices, and private resi- \ndences blazed with light. About 9 o\'clock the soldiers on duty, in \ncommand of Lieut. Marshall H. Harris, Capt. Cook\'s company,. \nGuitar\'s regiment, marched from their quarters into town, and forming \na line in front of the post office, then in the building on court house \nStreet now occupied by Wm. Booth\'s restaurant, the people collected \nthere to hear speeches. Lieut. Harris, from the balcony, called the \nconcourse to order, and Col. Switzler proceeded to address those \npresent. He was followed by Mr. J. Y. C. Karnes, and he by Maj . \nA. J. Harbison. The speeches were listened to with marked atten- \ntion and were vociferously cheered throughout. The exercises of the \nevening were closed by a national salute from Sergeant Conger\'s anvil \nbattery. - \n\nPROVOST MARSHAL, NINTH DISTRICT. \n\nIn July, 1863, Wm. F. Switzler was appointed by President Lincoln \nProvost Marshal, under the conscription act of Congress of March 3, \n1863, for the Ninth Congressional district, composed of the counties \nof St. Charles, Warren, Montgomery, Callaway, Boone, Audrain, \nLincoln, Pike, Monroe and Ralls, with headquarters at Mexico. S. J. \nReynolds, of Pike, surgeon ; Wm. B. Adams, of Montgomery, com- \nmissioner, and Wm. W. Davenport and Jonas Whitney, clerks. Lewis \nM. Switzler was deputy provost marshal, and James T. Harris and \nWm. Hunter, enrolling officers for Boone County. In January, 1864, \nthe headquarters were moved to St. Charles, Avhere Col. Switzler dis- \ncharged the duties of his office until October, 1864, when he was \nremoved, he supporting Gen. McClellan and not Mr. Lincoln for \nPresident, and Wm. L. Lovelace, of Montgomery, was appointed his \nsuccessor. \n\nUNION MEETINGS IN COLUMBIA. \n\nOn Saturday, July 18, 1863, a Union meeting was held in the court \nhouse, in Columbia, to consider the state of the country, the ordi- \nnance of emancipation, to indorse Gov. Gamble\'s administration and \nthe conduct of our delegates to the Convention. \n\nAn organization was perfected by the election of Hon. Jas. Rollins \nas permanent president. On motion of W. F. Switzler Gen. F. R. \nConway and Wm. Boggs, Esq., were elected vice-presidents and J. \nV. C. Karnes and L. M. Switzler secretaries. On motion of W. F. \n\n\n\n432 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSwitzler the chair was instructed to appoint a committee of nine to \ndraft resolutions expressive of the sense and objects of the meeting. \nThe chair appointed the following : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCol. W. F. Switzler, Dr. E. U. Arnold, Wm. Whist, J. T. Henry, \nJ. W. Daly, Moss Prewitt, Wm. H. Allen, J. W. Harris and Wm. \nC. Robinett. \n\nDuring the retirement of the committee Maj. Rollins addressed the \npeople in favor of the restoration of law and order in Missouri, and \nthe subordination of the military to civil authority. He advised the \npeople to acquiesce willingly and peaceably in the ordinance of eman- \ncipation, saying that the plan adopted by the late Convention for the \nemancipation of the slaves in Missouri, was the best that, under the \ncircumstances, could be secured. \n\nHe was particularly severe on the radical or revolutionary party in \nthe State who, regardless of law, are seeking to do away with the \nwork of the Convention, and to overthrow the Provisional Govern- \nment of Missouri. He branded them as traitors to peace, to law and \nto the security of the State. All agitation of the subject of slavery in \nMissouri should now cease, and the people of the State should ply \ntheir wonted avocations undisturbed by local dissensions and divisions. \nIt was their duty to sustain with a strong arm the General Govern- \nment and the Provisional Government of the State, to put down agi- \ntation, to support and defend the laws and to kill or drive from the \ncountry lawless brigands of whatever name or character. \n\nHe denounced the instigators of the rebellion as guilty of a great \nwickedness, second only in criminality and atrocity to the murder of \nthe Savior of mankind, \n\nMaj. RoUins\'s speech was warmly applauded. After the conclusion \nof his remarks, W. F, Switzler, chairman of the committee, reported \nresolutions in favor of the Union, against the rebellion aud guerilla \nwarfare and bushwacking, in favor of law and order, and the subor- \ndination of the military to the^civil authority, indorsing Gov. Gamble \nas an unselfish patriot, a Christian statesman and a wise ruler, and \nthe votes of our delegates to the State Convention \xe2\x80\x94 Warren Wood- \nson, Eli E. Bass and Joseph Flood \xe2\x80\x94 in voting for the ordinance of \nemancipation as the wisest and best policy they could adopt under \nthe circumstances, by which we are surrounded. \n\nThe resolutions were passed unanimously and enthusiastically. \n\nAfter the adoption of the resolutions. Col. Switzler addressed the \naudience in a speech, in which he took strong grounds for sustaining \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 433 \n\nthe Government in an unrelenting prosecution of the war to a restora- \ntion of the Union, for sustaining the administration of Gov. Gamble, \nand for a willing support of the ordinance of emancipation. He de- \nnounced, in unqualified terms, the demagogues heading the radical \nfaction, who strive to keep alive the slavery issue in Missouri. At \nthe conclusion of his speech the meeting adjourned. \n\nNEGRO EXODUS. \n\nThe existence of flagrant civil war practically abolished slavery, de- \nspite all constitutions and laws, for the legal ligament which bound \nthe slave to the master became a very brittle and uncertain tenure. \nTherefore, as early as the summer of 1863, the negro exodus began \nand slaves abandoned their masters with impunity. Later in the \nyear the adult males left in large numbers for the army, and for \nother States, and very few of them were reclaimed \xe2\x80\x94 most of them \nnever. \n\nFIRST PROVISIONAL REGIMENT M, M. \n\nOn September 1, 1863, Col. Joseph B. Douglass, Sixty-First Kegi- \nment E. M. M., was promoted to Brigadier General, and under an act of \nthe Legislature, and by the authority of Gov. Gamble, took com- \nmand (as colonel) of the First Provisional Regiment, with the following \nstaff": Alex. F. Denny, Lieut. Col. ; Majors, Lewis P. Miller, James \nC. Bay and Robert Barclay, Jr. ; Adjutant, Frank D. Evans; Quar- \ntermaster, R. G. Lyell; Surgeon, Wm. Blair; Assistant Surgeons, \nJordon Hayes and William A. Brown. Officers of Company A. : B. \nP. Ritchie, Captain ; Thomas A. Arnold, First Lieutenant ; John G. \nStrode, Second Lieutenant. Company K. : Samuel L. Cully, Cap- \ntain ; Miles J. Henly, First Lieutenant ; John I. Orr, Second Lieu- \ntenant. Headquarters of the regiment, Mexico. The regiment was \nmustered out of service in February, 1864. \n\nA DIABOLICAL MURDER. \n\nAbout 10 o\'clock, on Thursday night, September 24, 1863, a dia- \nbolical murder was committed by a squad of Federal soldiers, on \nthe person of Martin E. Oldham, who resided four miles west of Co- \nlumbia. \n\nAbout the hour mentioned, four armed men dressed in Federal \n\nuniform came to the door of Mr. Oldham\'s residence and demanded \n\nadmittance. One of them came in dancing, and in a few moments \n\nanother came in, presenting his pistol and ordering the citizens pres- \n\n28 \n\n\n\n434 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\neiit out of the house ; there beiug- six in number in the house at the \ntime, names as I\'ollows : \xe2\x80\x94 Joseph Gooding, a Mr. Johnson, Leoniclas \nScott, William Oldham, J. li. Payne and John Meredith. These \narmed men ordered them out of the house, in line, and said: " We \nwill settle that thing damn quick." Thej also ordered three horses \ncaught, which was done. Martin E. Oldham had bj this time come \nup to where the citizens were, and was formed in line with them. \nThe deceased asked permission to go to the house and change his \nclothes, which he did, accompanied by one of the soldiers. One of \nthe men calling himself Captain, took Mr. Johnson to one side and \nconversed with him. Thej^ ordered M. E. Oldham and Joseph Good- \ning to mount their horses and go with them, leaving the balance of \nthe citizens where they were. In about fifteen minutes Mr. Gooding \nreturned from the direction of Robert Scott\'s, and the deceased did \nnot return with him. \n\nThey took Mr. Oldham a short distance from his house, and hung \nhim by the neck to the liml) of a small tree, until he was dead, cut \nhim down, and left him lying u[)on the ground. Such was the ver- \ndict of the coroner\'s jury. Coroner : George W. Rowland ; \nJurors: Thomas J. Gillaspy, Sr., foreman ; J. B. McMickle, James \nH. Stephens, Robert Lemon, Ishmael Vanhorn and C. P. Hultz. \n\nMr. Oldham wms an old citizen of the county, a man of family, and \nwhat was then called a secessionist. \n\nFour soldiers of the Ninth M. S. M., \xe2\x80\x94 Odell, Leadbetter, Weddell \nand Maples, \xe2\x80\x94 Avere arrested for the crime, indicted by the grand \njur}^ and committed to jail. At the May, 1864, term of the Boone \nCircuit Court, they ol)tiiined a change of venue to Audrain County, \nand on Thursday, June 9, 1864, James H. Waugh, sheriiF, took them \nto St. Louis for safe keeping and lodged them in prison. \n\nAfter much delay the prosecution was nolle pros\' ed, it is believed by \nmilitary order, and the prisoners discharged. \n\nCOLD THURSDAY. \n\nThursday, December 31, 1863, will long be remembered as " Cold \nThursday." The oldest inhabitants doubted whether a day so cold \nwas ever experienced in this latitude, since Winter, in the unnum- \nbered generations of the past, first put on its icy garments. A \nviolent snow storm raged all day, and the thermometer ranged \nThursday night and Friday morning, at twenty-three degrees below \nzero. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOOIVE COUNTY. 435 \n\n\n\nSALE OF SLAVES. \n\n\n\n1864. In the first portion of this chapter are given the prices at \nwhich shives were sold on January 1, 1860, before the war. In in- \nstructive contrast with the prices they then brought, is appended the \nfollowing account of a sale, January 1, 1864, of the slaves belonging- \nto the estate of John Shock, deceased, sold to the highest bidder, \nbefore the court house door, in Columbia, by Joel H. Haden and \nDavid Shock, executors ; terras cash : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nJane, aged 48 years, sold to F. T. Russell .^.....\'. $ 86 \n\nZerrelda, " 7 " " " Honry Shock 170 \n\nLaura, " 9 *\xe2\x99\xa6 " " David Shock 150 \n\nJim, " 36 " " " J. H. Haden 250 \n\nKirt, " 16 " " " Henry Shock 200 \n\nNat, " 13 " " ." Isam Williams 312 \n\nHannah, " 30 " and three children, aged 6, 4 and 1 year, to J. H. Haden 505 \n\nAlso, of a public sale on Monday, January 25, 1864, by the sheriff, \nof 22 slaves belonging to John W. Rollins, for cash, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTo J. T. McBain, Alex, aged 43 years... $132 00 \n\n" J. A. McQuittj^ G-reen, aged 30 years 80 00 \n\n" Dr. J. W. Roberts, Charles, aged 30 years 150 00 \n\n" G. C. Swallow, Levi, aged 25 years 208 00 \n\n" J.W . Lammej Essex, aged 30 years 135 00 \n\n*\' J. W. Lara me, Joe, aged 21 years 140 00 \n\n" F. Herndon, William, aged 13 years 161 OO \n\n" D. Guitar, Jerome, aged 8 years , 70 00 \n\n" J. W. Lamme, Eddy, aged 6 years 51 00 \n\n" A. L. Vandiver, Winny, aged 55 years 101 00 \n\n" M. S. Matthews, Mary, aged 40 years, and her child, Odon, aged 18 months 106 00 \n\n" Robert Schwabe, Hannah, aged 35 years 25 00 \n\n" D. McQuitty, Margaret, aged 30 years 50 00 \n\n" J. W. Lamme, Lucy, aged 30 years 145 00 \n\n" J.W. Lamme, Harriet, aged 16 years, and two children 170 00 \n\n" J. W. Lamme, Fann}\', aged 12 years , 85 00 \n\n" J. A. McClancy, Julia, aged 10 years 135 00 \n\n" Mrs. W. P. Switzler, Laura, aged 9 years 98 00 \n\n" M. S. Matthews, Morgan, aged4 years 43 50 \n\nTwenty-two negroes $2,080 50 \n\nOn Saturday, at a constable\'s sale, a very likely negro man, Dick, \naged 21 years, was bought by Wm. F. Switzler for $126 00 ; the slave \nsold was the property of Columbus B. Hickam. \n\nNEGRO RECRUITS. \n\nLieut. Col. F. T. Russell, 61st Regiment., E. M. M., was Assistant \nProvost Marshal in Columbia for enlistins: colored volunteers in accord- \n\n\n\n,436 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY \n\nance with General Orders No. 135, and he accepted the appointment \nand enlisted a large number. He resigned the position in Jnly. \n\nA SOLDIER OF " MERRILL\'s HORSE " TAKEN FROM THE STAGE AND SHOT. \n\nOn Wednesday, July 20, 1864, the bushwhackers stopped the Cen- \ntralia stage at Hallsville, in this county, en route for the railroad, and \ninquired if there were any soldiers aboard. Mr. and Mrs. J. V. C. \nKarnes and a furloughed soldier of " Merrill\'s Horse," by the name \nof James Palmer, a young man of Cedar township, in this county, \nwere in the stage, the latter dressed in citizen\'s clothes. Palmer told \nhis name and acknowledged being a soldier, whereupon they ordered \nhim out of the stage, cursed him and told him he Avas the very man they \nwanted, took his pistol from him, opened his trunk, and marched him \noff on the road leading west from Hallsville into a woodland belong- \ning to the late Wni. Dunn, and shot him. On the 24th his body was \nfound not far from Red Top church, covered with logs and brush. \nCapt. Smith, who then commanded the post at Sturgeon, ordered the \npeople of that neighborhood to bury his body, which they did. \n\nDESPERATE FIGHT WITH BUSHWHACKERS NEAR DRIPPING SPRING. \n\nAbout the middle of August, 1864, this county had been cursed \nwith the presence of quite large bodies of guerillas and horse thieves, \nwandering in armed bands over the county, and robbing the citizens \nnight and day indiscriminately, of whatever property they possessed. \nGeneral J. B. Douglass, the military commander of this district, \nbeing well posted in regard to their movements, made such a disposi- \ntion of a small portion of his forces as to give the outlaws to under- \nstand that they must cease their depredations in this quarter. In \npursuance of this object, on Tuesday, August 16, he sent a company \nunder the command of Captain Carey, of the 3d M. S. M., to a point \nsome ten miles northwest of Columbia, where it was understood that \nClif. Holtzclaw, and his band, were in considerable force, numbering \nprobably 100 men, near what is called the Dripping Spring. On his \narrival there he ascertained that the 17th Illinois, under the command \nof Captain Hibbard, had arrived on the ground the day before, and \nthat on Monday night two of his pickets were fired upon from a corn- \nfield and badly wounded \xe2\x80\x94 (one of whom died on the following night \nin Columbia), and that on Tuesday morning considerable skirmishing \nhad been going on between them and the bushwhackers. Captain \nCarey, on his way out, was met also by Captain Cornell, of the E. M. \nM. and Captain Campbell, of the 9th M. S. M., with small detach- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 437 \n\nments of their respective companies. Coming up on the enemy, a \nbrisk engagement ensued, lasting some three quarters of an hour or \nmore, in which four of the bushwhackers were Icilled and left on the, \nfield, and from the abundant signs of blood left upon the bushes, a good \nmany were also wounded. Twelve or fifteen fine horses were captured \nand quite a number of guns and pistols. There was no one killed on the \nFederal side, but nine soldiers were slightly wounded. The enemy \nretreated into the thick brush and rugged country, the engagement \nceased, and the command started in the direction of Columbia. On \ntheir way down, about four miles north of town they were fired upon \nby another band of these desperadoes \xe2\x80\x94 one man was slightly \nwounded, and also several horses. Upon the fire being returned by \nthe troops, they fled precipitately to the woods, scattering in every \ndirection. This last band was supposed to have been under the com- \nmand of Capt. Tom Todd, who was on his way to reinforce Holtzclaw. \nThe wounded men were all brought to Columbia and furnished \nwith comfortable quarters. They were as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nJ. H. Hall, Company F, 17th 111, wounded on picket duty in the arm and back; \n\n. Wintling (died), Company F, 17th 111,, wounded on picket duty in the breast and limbs; \nTheodoric Russell, Company L, 9lh M. S. M., knee; Elisha Howell, leg, Jas. C. Matthews, \nneck, Wm. J. Cayhill, hip, Company G-, 3d M. S. M. ; Elliott Baker, arm, Simon Johnson, \ncheek, Lewis Perry, side, Company B, 3d M. S. M. \n\nOne of the guerrillas killed was John Kincaid, of this county, who was \nridins: at the time of his death a horse taken from Jere Orear, of Co- \nlumbia, several days ago. Another man killed was Geo. Jones, son of \nLewis Jones, of this county. The guerilhis did not return to bury \ntheir dead, but it was done by the women and negroes of the neighbor- \nhood. It is also definitely ascertained that sixteen guerrillas were \nwounded in the engagements. \n\nTHE FIGHT IN GOSLINE\'s LANE CAPTURE OF A WAGON TRAIN \n\nELEVEN FEDERAL SOLDIERS KILLED. \n\nOn Frida}\'^, September 23, 1864, a Federal train of fourteen wagons, \nfour government wagons, and the remainder pressed for the occasion, \nstarted from Sturgeon to Rocheport. The train was escorted by \nabout seventy men of the 3d M. S. M. under Capt. McFadden. The \nwagons were loaded principally with some subsistence, with ammuni- \ntion, clothing and private property belonging to officers and soldiers. \nThe majority of the w^agons and teams were pressed from private \ncitizens of the neighborhood and belonged to and were driven by \n\n\n\n438 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nW. W. Batterton (present County Clerk), Bellfield Crosswhite, \n\nBarnes, and Michael Spillraan. George Wayne, a colored man be- \nlonging to Anthony Wayne, drove one of the teams. The escort and \ntrain travelling south from Sturgeon stopped near sunset in the lane \nof Sylvester F. Gosline, on section 10, township 49, range 14, about \nseven miles from Rocheport. A few of the soldiers were in Mr. Gos- \nline\'s yard and some of them in his orchard gathering apples ; most of \nthe command and all of the wagons were in the lane about 200 yards \nfrom the house. On the west side of the house (the escort and \nwagons being east of the house), and running north and south, there \nis a narrow neighborhood lane communicating with the main lane in \nfront and southwest of Gosline\'s house. Without the least warning or \nexpectation of their presence, and very suddenl}^ a force number- \ning about 100 mounted men under Thomas and George Todd and \nJohn Thrailkill charged at full speed down this lane, yelling like In- \ndians as they came, and made a desperate attack upon the escort and \ntrain, firing indiscriminately and with deadly effect upon the soldiers. \nThe charge was so sudden that the Federal soldiers had not even time \nto form in line for battle. Under these circumstances they were \nscattered and no alternative left but to save themselves by flight. \nSome escaped by abandoning their horses and going into a corn field \nwhich was on one side of the road ; and some rode across the country \nto Columbia and others went back to Sturgeon. Some of the soldiers \nhad neither arms nor horses and were riding in the wagons. The \ntrain was taken possession of by the guerrillas. Among other thiugs \nthey got eighteen thousand rounds of ammunition, a lot of clothing, \nand private baggage belonging to the officers and soldiers. After the \ntrain had been robbed of everything the bushwhackers could use, the \nwagons and their remaining contents were burned. \n\nEleven Federal soldiers were found dead on "the ground and three \nnegroes, Geo. Wayne being one of them, who was shot "in the fore- \nhead. We have not been able to obtain the names of the soldiers \nwho were killed. \n\nMr. Batterton, while sitting in his wagon on the stores with which it \nw^as loaded, holding the reins of his horses, was wounded by the guer- \nillas in the right shoulder, and Mr. Crosswhite in the heel. \n\nA team belonging to James D. Patton, of Sturgeon, and driven \nby , started up the road after the wagon was fired, and near \n\nMarion McKinney\'s ran against a tree, or was overturned in a gully, \nkillino- one of the horses. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 439 \n\nAfter robbing and firing the Avagon train and killing and scattering \nthe escort, the guerillas left the scene by the same lane through \nwhich they approached it, none of them having been killed, and only \none mortally wounded. Bill Anderson was not among them. \n\n\n\nTHE CAEN AGE AT CENTRALIA. \n\n\n\nMASSACRE OF UNARMED FEDERALS, TAKEN FROM A TRAIN, BY BILL ANDERSON \xe2\x80\x94 ANNI- \nHILATION OF THE FEDERAL FORCE UNDER MAJ. JOHNSON BY THE FORCES OF TODD, \nTHRAILKILL, ANDERSON AND POOLE \xe2\x80\x94 PURSUIT OF THE GUERILLAS. \n\nAfter the tight in Gosline\'s lane, September 23, Geo. Todd and John \nThrailkill went to Howard County and formed a junction with Bill \nAnderson and his company Qf 75 men. Rev. Tom Todd, a Baptist \nminister, and Si Gordon, each had a band. Todd\'s numbering 50, \nGordon\'s 25, and Dave Poole had about 60. The aggregated force \nseemed really to have no commander, but George Todd was the lead- \ning spirit, and perhaps next to him John Thrailkill. If there was \nspeculation as to the future, or doubt as to present purposes, " What \ndoes George say?" was the first question asked. The grim, sturdy- \nlooking, Scotch-Canadian rode stolidly along, seeming to know what \nlie was about, and to be revolving extraordinary enterprises. It was \nhis design to carry out Gen. Price\'s instructions and " keep the Fed- \neral militia north of the river actively employed ; " and finally to cross \nthe Missouri in the neighborhood of Jefferson City, and join the Con- \nfederate army when it should make its appearance in that quarter, as \nit was preparing to do. \n\nMoving northward, the guerillas passed into Randolph county. \nAnderson attacked Allen, then a small station on the North Missouri \nRailroad, near where Moberly now stands, sacked it, and passed into \nMonroe with the remainder of the o-uerilla force. An attack on \nParis was contemplated, but citizens of Monroe reported that place \ngarrisoned by Kutzner\'s regiment of Missouri infantry, and, remem- \nbering the Fayette disaster, Todd marched by Middle Grove and \n\xe2\x96\xa0on eastward into the timbered reg-ion alono; Young\'s Creek. \n\nAbout this time the pickets of Bill Anderson, who were dressed in \nFederal uniform, were fired on by some of the command of Capt. G. \nW. Bryson of Boone, who was then in that region on recruiting \nservice by authority of Gen. Price. The firing by Bryson\' s \nmen was soon discovered by him to be a mistake, they supposing \n\n\n\n440 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nAnderson\'s pickets to be Federal soldiers, and a lieutenant was sent \nto Anderson to make the needed explanation and to propose a union \nof their forces. Anderson indignantly refused to receive him. " Your \n\nmen are either d d fools or worse," he said, " or you would not \n\nhave fired at us. I don\'t want anything to do with you or any other \nof Perkins\'s men." Col. Perkins was at that time raising a regiment \nfor the Confederate army from this section, and to this regiment \nBryson\'s company belonged. \n\nThe guerillas made their way up Young\'s Creek, going southward, \ncrossed the North Missouri Railroad about two and a half miles east of \nCentralia, and marched to the farm of Col. M. G. Singleton, an ex- \nConfederate officer then at home on parole and under bond. Here on \nthe evening of September 26, 1864, they encamped. \n\nCol. Singleton had plenty of forage and provisions to which the \nguerillas helped themselves very liberally ; and forays were made \ninto the neighborhood, and every family visited was forced to prepare \nfood for the guests, who thus came uninvited and for the most part \nunwelcomed. \n\nBILL Anderson\'s camp, equipments and force. \n\nThe guerilla camp was well chosen. Water, grass, and shade \nabounded, and above all coveted seclusion, and sufficient proximity \nto Col. Singleton\'s large barn, which at night could be used by \na part of the command for sleep and repose. On all sides of \nthe camp there was a long stretch of prairie, so that a hostile force \ncould be discovered miles away, and in ample time to prevent a \nsurprise. \n\nHere it was the purpose of the guerillas to rest for a few days, \ncapture and rob a train on the railroad only a short distance to the \nnorth of them, and then hasten to a crossing on the Missouri River \nand to safety in Price\'s army. \n\nThe total number of the guerillas in camp at Singleton\'s farm \ncould not have been far from 350 \xe2\x80\x94 not many more, not many less. \nPoole said there were 400. Todd did not pretend to know. Thrail- \nkill said 350. Rev. Tom Todd reported there were 325. A citizen \ncounted them next morning as they passed through a lane and reported \ntheir number at 428, but they had been reenforced after their stay at \nSingleton\'s. Some placed the number at 300, with about 260 \nprepared to fight as guerrillas fight ; for the equipments of a guerrilla \nconsist of a good horse, with a good saddle and bridle, and at least \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 441 \n\nfour dragoon revolvers, with every chamber of every cylinder carefully \nloaded. \n\nTodd\'s men were thus armed and equipped for duty and for danger. \nThere were but few shot guns or carbines in the command, and only \na few revolvers of smaller size and caliber than a dragoon or navy \nsize pistol. One of these, a five-inch Colt\'s, was ploughed up in the \nspring of 1882, on the held of James Garrard, where Thrailkill\'s men \nfought, with the wood of the handle decayed, but the metal not much \ninjured, the silver plating not tarnished, and every chamber loaded. \nThe night of September 26th was chiefly spent by Todd, Thrailldll, \nPoole and Anderson in cousultation. They knew there was a Federal \nforce at Sturgeon, one at Mexico, and one north of Centralia, some- \nwhere between Mexico and Paris, Troops were also known to be at \nColumbia, and much coveted plunder. The temptation was strong to \nattack the latter place, capture it if possible, sack and burn it, and \nhasten on to Rocheport, sometimes called by bushwhackers " our \ncapital," and there cross the river. But circumstances forbade, and \nit was well for them and for Columbia likewise they did forbid. \n\nTHE GUERILLAS ENTER CENTRALIA. \n\nAbout 10 o\'clock on the morning of September 27, 1864, the few \ncitizens of the little hamlet of Centralia were about their ordinary \navocations, unsuspecting that any event of extraordinary character \nwas about to occur. The town then contained" about a dozen houses, \nincluding two hotels, two small stores, a school house, and the depot. \nThe hotels were small. One of them, the "Eldorado House," then \nkept by Col. Jo. J. Collier, is still standing, and is now occupied as \na tenement house. It is a one-story frame, and a rambling L-shaped \nstructure. The other was a two-story frame, owned and conducted \nby Thos. S. Sneed, and stood on the present site of the Globe Hotel. \nThe stores were owned, one by J. W. Ball, and the other by Thos. S. \nSneed, still a citizen of Centralia. The stocks were neither very large \nnor very valuable. There were but two two-story buildings in the \nplace ; and about the town, and especially toward the north and west \nof it, there were miles of open prairie. \n\nAt about the hour above named, a countryman came into the town \nand reported, with bated breath, that the bushwhackers were near. \n" There are 300 or 400 of them down at Col. Singleton\'s, and Quaii- \ntrell and Bill Anderson and all of the rest of the big bushwhackers are \nat the head. Hell will be to pay in this country, now ! " Near the \n\n\n\n442 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsame time another scout came m and reported that Capt. G. W. \nBrysoii Avas lying out in the woods to the north of town wounded and \nsuffering from an encounter with Kutzner\'s men under Maj. A. V. E. \nJohnson, over on Young\'s Creek, or near Santa Fe, Monroe County, \na day or two before. Secret preparations were being made to render \nhim some assistance \xe2\x80\x94 to procure a buggy in which to remove him \nmto the timber near Hallsville, and Dr. A. F. Sneed was solicited to \nvisit and render him medical and surgical aid. \n\nBut lo ! suddenly to the southeast a company of mounted men, \nprobably about 80 in all, was seen approaching the town in a brisk \ntrot. As the men were dressed in blue, at least a large majority of \nthem, they were thought to be Federal militia ; but their true char- \nacter was soon made apparent. The group about the messenger who \nwas seeking assistance for Capt. Bryson departed and the bush- \nwhackers began to scatter about the town. Every house was entered. \nA few of the intruders were civil and gentlemanly, but nearly all were \notherwise. "Got any grub cooked?" "Got any greenbacks?" \n"Are you all rebels or union?" These were the usual greetings. \nKepljang to questions from the citizens: " We are Bill Anderson\'s \nmen," they said with exultation. \n\nAnderson himself rode straight to the Eldorado House and was \nsoon in conversation with the landlord and Vol. Collier. \n\nDR. sneed\' S EXPERIENCE WITH THE GUERILLAS. \n\nDr. Sneed passed down the street and Collier beckoned to him. \nWhen he came up said Vol Collier, " Dr. Sneed, this is Captain \nAnderson!" Imagine the doctor\'s sensations ! "Captain" Anderson \nentered into friendly conversation, sitting on his horse like a knight- \nerrant and speaking as smoothly. " This is a fine location, doctor," \nhe said. "A pretty place for a fight. If those Feds, up at Sturgeon \nwill come down, I will give them a twist to-day. I don\'t want to go \nup there, and I won\'t, but if they will come down here I\'ll fight \nthem." \n\nJust then the doctor saw his horse was being led away by a bush- \nwhacker, and he called Anderson\'s attention to it. " Go and get \nhim; tell that man I say he must not take your horse." Dr. S. \nstarted and had gone only a few steps when he was met by another \nguerilla with a drawn pistol. " Out with your pocket book," \ndemanded the brigand. " Excuse me, but your captain sent me after \nthat horse," said the doctor, not halting, and leaving the bush- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 443 \n\nwhacker nonplussed by his coolness. A few steps further anoher \nguerilla confronted him. " Hand out your pocket book," said he. \n" Excuse me," said the doctor, blandly, " but you are a little too \nlate ; I have just been interviewed by your comrade yonder," When \nhe met other guerillas that morning who demanded his purse, the \n\xe2\x80\xa2doctor always replied, "You are too late." \n\nPLUNDERING THE TOWN WHISKY. \n\nMeantime the guerillas were cleaning out the town very thoroughly. \n\'The stores of Ball and Sneed were robbed of nearly every article \nthey contained. Goods were taken for which the bushwhackers had \nIK) use \xe2\x80\x94 calicoes, muslins, women\'s shoes, even baby slippers. The \nrobbery Avas wanton and indiscriminate. The depot also was \nplundered. There were some goods in the freight house boxed up \nand awaitino; transmission to merchants in Columbia. Amono- other \narticles were three or four cases of boots. These were appropriated \nquite speedily. There was also a barrel. " What\'s in this? " " By \ngolly! If & whisky ! ^ \'\' In five seconds the head was broken in and \n*5 anti-prohibition " flowed down the throats of the guerillas like \nwater after a long and sultry ride. \n\nNews of the discovery of the whisky spread rapidly, and very soon \nnearly all of the guerriHas, and Anderson himself, had sampled it, as \nexperts of the border alone can accomplish a convivial feat of that \n\xe2\x80\xa2character. Then the question arose as to the method of carrying a \nportion of it to the camp, that their "comrades in arms" might \nshare with them its exhilarating influence, and it was soon decided \nthat some of the new boots should serve the office of demijohns, \nand they were filled to the leg tops, and carried to the camp miles \naway. \n\nCAPTURE OF THE COLUMBIA STAGE. \n\nMeanwhile it was apparent that something beside plundering the \ntown and terrorizing its defenceless inhabitants was on the pro- \ngramme. \n\n" How long before that d d train will be here ?" was frequently \n\nasked. " Will the Columbia stage be in first? " was another query. \n\nAt about eleven o\'clock a commotion was observed at the edge of \ntown, on the Columbia road, and a dozen or more guerillas were gal- \nlopiug in that quarter. The Columbia stage, an old-fashioned \n"Concord," drawn by four horses driven by Joe Kelly, and owned \n\n\n\n444 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nby Wm. J. Jordan, of Columbia, had arrived, and Anderson\'s men \nwere proceeding to "interview" the passengers. Tliey surrounded \nthe coach, and some of them dismounted and opened the doors. \n*\'Are there any Federal soldiers in here?" they demanded. \n"None," was the reply. "Well, get out, all of you," said the \nguerillas. The stage had for passengers, James H. Waugh, sheriff \nof Boone County; John M. Samuel, ex-sheriff; Henry Keene, Boyle \nGordon, Lewis Sharp, Columbus Hickam, Lafayette Hume and \nHon. James S. Rollins, the latter then the representative in Congress \nfrom this district, and nearly all of them on their way as delegates to \nthe Democratic Congressional Convention at Mexico, before which \nMr. Rollins and Gen. Odon Guitar were understood to be can- \ndidates. \n\nThe passengers were questioned, inspected and robbed, in less time \nthan it takes to write it, " What is your name?" was asked of each \npassenger. "My name is Smith," said Sheriff Waugh. "My name \nis Johnson, and I am a minister of the Methodist Church, South," \nsaid Maj. Rollins, "and I live a few miles south of Columbia." \n" My name is Samuel," replied John M., " and I have been arrested \nby the Federals, and graduated from Lynch\' s old nigger yard in St. \nLouis." " That\'s all right ; hand out your pocket books, all of you," \ndemanded the robbers. Peyton Long, a lieutenant of Anderson\'s,, \nand a desperate guerilla, whose home was in Clay County, and who \nwas afterwards killed, with Quantrell, in Kentucky, robbed Mr. \nSamuel. Two or three had Maj. Rollins in custody, and were ply- \ning him with questions, which he skillfully answered. Two of the \nhorses were taken from the stage and led away for use. There were \nSouthern men and Union men in the stage, but all were insulted and \nrobbed alike, at the point of the pistol. " We are Southern men and \nConfederate sympathizers ; you ought not to rob us," remonstrated \none of the passengers. " What do we care? Hell\'s full of all such \nSouthern men. Why ain\'t you out fightin\' ? " was the retort. \n\nAfter taking what "plunder" there was in sight and what was \nsurrendered to them, preparations were made to search the passen- \ngers thoroughly. Had this been done. Sheriff Waugh and Maj. \nRollins would probably have been identified and murdered, unless \nheld as hostages or for large ransom. Waugh had his pocket full of \npapers pertaining to his office, and Rollins would have been recog- \nnized by his name in indelible ink on his clothing, and by his letters \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 445 \n\nand papers, as a loj^^al member of the hated Federal Congress. But, \njust as the search began, a cry arose : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" THE TRAIN ! THE TRAIN ! YONDER COMES THE TRAIN ! " \n\nAway dashed the guerilhis toward the depot, about 250 yards away. \nThe passengers then wended their way toward Sueed\'s hotel, and to \n\xe2\x96\xa0other supposed safe quarters in town. They all felt very nervous, \nbut there was no manifestation of cowardice on the part of any of \nthem. \n\nAn hour before the stage reached Centralia it had been stopped \nby J. G. Bruton, and the passengers informed of the presence of the \nbushwhackers in the vicinity. Some of the passengers wished to re- \nturn, but the driver (Joe Kelly) said he was carrying the United \n.States mail, and intended going on at all hazards. All then agreed \nto go with him. \n\nCAPTURING THE TRAIN. \n\nAbout 11 : 30 a. m., the regular northern bound train from St. Louis, \non the North Missouri Railroad, came in sight of Centralia. At that \nday trains were not run by telegraph, but by schedule. Following the \npassenger train out from Mexico was a gravel or construction train. \nThe passenger train carried the mail and express, and there were three \ncoaches. Conductor Overall was in charge of the train, on board of \nwhich were some railroad officials, Joseph Gamble, Belden, and \nanother, and also twenty-three discharged and furloughed Federal \nsoldiers, and fully one hundred and twenty-five other passengers, men, \nwomen and children. \n\nWhen the train came up near town the engineer saw the guerillas \nand " slowed up," intending to run back to Mexico ; but he remem- \nbered that the gravel train was close behind him, and he knew a colli- \nsion would ensue, and as the track seemed clear ahead he thought he \ncould, by putting on full steam, pass the station in safety. Accord- \ningly he pulled open the throttle of his engine and started. But \nimmediately some of Anderson\'s men behind the depot began pitch- \ning ties and other obstructions on the track, others opened fire \non the train, and a large squad that had hidden behind a store \ngalloped out and began firing and shouting, as did the squad which \nhad robbed the stage, whereupon the engineer stopped the train. \nThe fireman was slightly wounded. Some revolver balls passed \nthrough the cars, but no one was hurt. No shots were fired from \nthe train, and no resistance of any sort was attempted by any of \n\n\n\n446 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe passengers or soldiers. The soldiers had no arms \xe2\x80\x94 only two \ncavalrymen having revolvers \xe2\x80\x94 and the citizens had few, if an}\'^, arms \nof any kind. \n\nROBBING THE TRAIN. \n\nAs soon as the train stopped it was boarded by the guerillas. \nThe passengers were thoroughly frightened. " Those men are guer- \nillas!\'\'\'\' shouted a soldier of the First Iowa Cavalry, when the train \nfirst slackened its speed. The news rapidly spread through the cars \nthat the bushwhackers were in possession of Centralia and would soon \nhave the life of every passenger at their mercy. A number of the \nguerillas, Anderson\'s lieutenant, Arch. Clements, at their head, \nsprang on the train, crying out to the soldiers, "Surrender! sur- \nrender! you are prisoners of war." The soldiers did this, some of \nthem saying, " We can\'t help ourselves, for we are unarmed." Very \nsoon after this the demeanor of the guerillas changed. They began \nto curse and maltreat the soldiers, and to rob everybody on the train, \nmen, women, and even children. Every guerilla had a pistol in his \nhand, and occasionally a shot was fired. Pocket l)ooks, watches, \nknives, rings, bracelets, ear-rings, trinkets, clothing, and various other \narticles, were taken from the passengers. Many of the soldiers were \nstripped of their uniforms to their underwear, and the blue clothing \ndonned by those of the guerillas who were wearing apparel of other \nhues. The express car was entered by a squad led by Anderson him- \nself. The express messenger delivered up his keys, the safe was \nopened, and about $3,000 taken therefrom. A much larger sum was \nleft unnoticed, for just as it was at)out to be discovered a cry came \nfrom Long, Frank James, and others, in the baggage-car : " Good God ! \nHere\'s thousands of greenbacks! TFAoopee ! Run here, quick \\\'\'\' \nA valise had been broken open containing, it is said, $10,000, but \ndoubtless this amount was largely exaggerated. At any rate, the men \nin the express car left it and entered the baggage car. Every valise \nand trunk was broken open and the contents tumbled out. The \ntrain men, conductor, engineer, brakemen, and all, were robbed of \ntheir watches and pocket books, ;ind some of them of their rings and \nbreastpins. \n\nThe scene, as described by the citizens who witnessed it, and by the \npassengers and the guerillas, was terrible and horrible. The guerillas \nwere shouting and cursing; brandishing pistols and threatening every- \nbody ; the women and children were crjnng, sobbing and moaning. \nThe men among the passengers spoke but few words or not at all. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 447 \n\nThe stripped and unarmed Federal soldiers bore themselves well. \nAlthough jostled and kicked about by their captors, insulted and \nstruck in the face with pistols, they uttered not a word. \n\nSOLDIERS MARCHED IN LINE TO BE SHOT. \n\nAt last Anderson gave the command to have the soldiers taken to \nthe south side of the railroad and formed in line. The passengers \nwere ordered to leave the train, and they huddled in groups about \nthe grounds adjoining, clinging to each other, and not daring to leave- \nwithout permission. A few, seemingly stupefied or paralyzed with \nhorror, remained in the cars, some of them crouching beneath the \nseats . \n\nTHE MASSACRE OF THK SOLDIERS. \n\nThere were twenty-four men on the train who " wore the blue," \nbut only twenty-three of them were or had been soldiers. One man, \na German from St. Louis, wore a \'blue blouse and a soldier\'s cap, \nboth rather old and dingy, wliich he had probably picked up al>out \nthe camps near the city. As stated, he was a German, and was \nthought to be a Jew. He spoke Englisli so imperfectly that he could \nwith difficulty make himself understood. He was not a soldier and \nnever had been one, but he was believed to be a soldier, and was,, \ntherefore, marched across the railroad track and made to take a place \nin the hue with the others. \n\n" What are you going to do with them fellows?" Arch. Clements \nasked Anderson, alluding to the soldiers, who stood tremblingh^ in \nline. " Parole them, of course," returned Anderson, with an ironical \nand sardonical emphasis on the word " parole." With a laugh, Clem- \nents rejoined: " I thought so. You might pick out two or three, \nthough," he added, " and exchange them for Cave, if you can." \n(He referred to Cave Wyatt, a sergeant of Anderson\'s company, who \nhad been wounded in a fight in Carroll Count}^ and was reported to \nbe a prisoner in the hands of the Federals at Columbia.) " Oh, one \nVf\'iW be enough for that," Anderson replied. "Arch., you take \ncharge of the firing party, and, when I give the word, pour hell into \nthem." Then Anderson rode to the line, which was drawn up across \nthe street and near the store, a few yards from the railroad, where \nAnthony\'s livery staVde now stands, on the corner west of Roberts\' \nHotel. When within a few feet of the Federal prisoners, he ad- \ndressed them almost pleasantly: " Boys, is there a sergeant among \nyou? " There were three or four men of that rank in the line, but \n\n\n\n448 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nno man spoke. "I say, is there a sergeant in this line?" he re- \npeated ; " if there is, let him step ont." Whereupon Sergeant Thos. \nM. Goodman, of Col. Flad\'s First Regiment, Missouri Engineers, five \ndays from his regiment, then at Atlanta, Ga., stepped to the front, \nlooking the guerilla chieftain squarely in the eye. The prisoners, \nGoodman, included, believed that the sergeants were to be taken out \nand shot, and the remainder of them released ; but to one who knew \nTom Goodman, it would be no marvel that he should defy death. \nMoreover, he had been robbed of his coat by a guerrilla who stood \nnear with the garment on, bearing the chevron of a sergeant of en- \no-ineers, and this man moved towards Anderson, as if to point out \nGoodman. Anderson then directed two of his men, Hime (or Hiram) \nLitton and Richard Ellington, to take charge of the prisoner and re- \nmove him to a place of safety, and to protect him. Accordingly, he \nwas taken to the rear, behind a small stable. \n\nTHE BLOODY WOEK BEGINS. \n\nAnd now Arch. Clements began to carry out Anderson\'s orders, \nand to "pour hell" into the prisoners. Prol)abl3r twenty-five men \nopened on the doomed line with revolvers at twenty paces. Expert \npistol shots as they were, man}\'^ of the guerillas missed their aim. \nA dozen of the prisoners, shot through the brain or the heart, fell \ndead at the first volley. Others screamed and staggered about with \na hand pressed to their wounds until, shot again and again, they tum- \nbled lifeless to the ground. One man. Sergeant Peters, of the Mis- \nsouri Engineers, Goodman\'s regiment, a man of herculean stature, \nstripped to his shirt and drawers, was shot five times through the \nbody, and yet knocked the guerillas right and left, broke through \nthe line, and, with the blood spouting from his wounds, succeeded in \nreaching the depot and crawling under the phitform, which was raised \nsome feet above the ground. \n\nOthers wandered about, stunned and bleeding, and in their agony \nstaggered against the very muzzles of the revolvers of the guerillas. \nOne or two started for the railroad, and fell dead within a few feet of \nit. Some cried, " O, God, have mercy!" but the most of them \nmerel}\'^ groaned and moaned in the most agonizing manner. The \npoor German whined pitifully as he expired. \n\nSergeant Peters was dragged from under tlie depot platform and \ngiven the finishing touch, as it were, with a bullet through the brain. \nHe sank back seemingly a corpse, but in a short time raised up, rested \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 449 \n\nhimself on his left elbow, extended his right arm, with the fist \nclenched, towards heaven, held it in that position a moment, then \nmuttered, " My Lord," sank down and died with his head on his arm, \nas a little child goes to sleep. One man lay flat on his back, with his \nhands clinched tightly in the short grass. Another lay with one \nbullet-hole over the eye, another in his face, a third in his breast. \nHe was unconscious, his eyes were closed, he did not moan, but, with \na sort of spasmodic motion, he dragged his right heel on the ground, \nback and forth, back and forth. " He\'s marking time," said Arch. \nClements, jocosely. \n\nThe passengers and citizens who were witnesses of these dreadful \nscenes were stricken almost dumb with horror. The women did little \nelse than cry and pray. The men wandered about in a dazed way, \ntrying to get farther from Centralia. The passengers who had come \nin the Columbia stage were in a perilous plight. Major Rollins was \nhid in the garret or attic story of Sneed\'s Hotel from a window of \nwhich he witnessed the bloody work. The other passengers were \nscattered about in what they deemed to be safe places. The depot \nand platform had been set on fire. One of Anderson\'s men came upon \nsome citizens, among whom were Sheriff Waugh and Dr. Sneed, and \ndirected them to go over to the side track and push a car of salt be- \nlonging to Columbia merchants down to the burning depot, that it too \nmight be destroyed. With alacrity they obeyed. As they were \ngoing over Dr. Sneed took the Sheriff\'s tell-tale papers from him and \nsecreted them on his own (the doctor\'s) person. " May we go on to \nSturgeon?" asked some of the railroad passengers of Anderson. \n" Go on to hell, for all I care," returned the chieftain. \n\nTHE TRAIN FIRED AND STARTED UP THE ROAD. \n\nPreparations were now made by the guerillas for leaving the scene \nof their atrocity. The two forward cars of the train were set on fire, \nand the engineer was ordered to jump off and " let her go." The \nobstructions were removed and the engineer obeyed orders. He had \nthe boldness and presence of mind, however, to start his pumps and \nlower his fires so that the engine would run only a short distance \nwhen the steam would be exhausted. Away went the train, the front \ncars ablaze and the whistle blowing. It ran, however, but two and a \nhalf miles west of Centralia, or on the northwest quarter of section 7, \ntownship 51, range 11, when it stopped, and all of the coaches were \nburned. Some citizens were near when it burned, but were unable or \n29 \n\n\n\n450 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nafraid to put out the fire, or even to uncouple or push out of danger \nthe cars that had not taken fire. Some of the men had been passen- \ngers on the train when it reached Centralia, and had gotten out of \ntown in some manner, and were on their way to Sturgeon. Before \nthe train left Centralia, but after it had been set on fire, Mr. Thos. S. \nSneed went through the cars and in one of them found a woman and \nthree children. They were pale and speechless. Mr. Sneed urged \nthem to leave the car, and explained that the train would shortly be \ndestroyed by fire. The poor creatures then left, overcome with fright \nand crying and sobbing. \n\nSubsequently the gravel train came in, and ran on a side track and \nit was captured and burned, some of the machinery of the engine \nbroken, and the train men robbed. The engine of the passenger \ntrain was not materially injured. Some thousands of dollars in the \nexpress car, overlooked by the guerillas, were destroyed in the \nconflagration. \n\nTHE GUERILLAS LEAVE CENTRALIA FOR THEIR CAMP. \n\nWith cheers and shouts, or rather j^ells and screams, the guerillas \nnow becan to depart for camp. The prisoner, Goodman, was mounted \non a mule and taken along. Every one of the guerillas had " plunder " \nof some kind, and many of them had a good deal \xe2\x80\x94 greenbacks, \no-old watches, jewelry, etc. The boots full of whisky were tied to- \ngether and hung over the horses\' necks, or carried by the men in their \narms. Much of it was spilled, of course, but enough was saved to \nmake drunk a hundred or more of Todd\'s men at Singleton\'s. Goods \nwere carried in front of the men, and strapped in bundles behind them. \nThe route taken was substantially the same by which in the morning they \nentered the town. They rode away to the southeast two and a half \nmiles, and were soon in camp, fraternizing with their comrades, and \ndistributing whisky and boots and other spoils of victory among \nthem. \n\nSHERIFF WAUGH AND CONGRESSMAN ROLLINS. \n\nBefore leaving town, Anderson seemed to have discovered that \nSheriflT Waugh was the party calling himself Smith. He rode down \nin front of Sneed\'s Hotel. " If Mr. Smith is in the house," he said, \n" let him come out. I have found a check for $10,000 payable to \nhim, and if he will come out I will give it to him*." \xe2\x80\xa2 But " Mr. Smith " \nhad lost no check, and it is doubtful if he would have " come out " if \nhe had, since he suspicioned that the guerilla only meant to get him \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n451 \n\n\n\nwithin range of his deadly revolver. Also, in some way, the presence \nof Major Kollins in the town was learned, for one of the gnerillas \nsaid that a citizen had informed him that one of the stage passengers \nwas a member of Congress. Anderson wanted to go back and search \nfor him, but decided on reflection that this would be useless. " He \nwould do to exchange for Cave Wyatt," he said; but Peyton Long \nsaid, "You can get another man just as good as he is, without half \nthe trouble." \n\nThe citizens and passengers wandered about and gazed on the \ncorpses of the murdered soldiers with feelings to be imagined, but not \ndescribed. They compared experiences and indulged in fearful fore- \nbodings of the future. The passengers expected to encounter the \nguerillas ao-ain, and the citizens knew that the Federal militia would \nsoon be in Centralia, and perhaps would hold its citizens guilty of \ncomplicity in the visit of Anderson and his guerillas to the place \nwith fire and sword. \n\nNAMES, ETC., OF SOME OF THE MURDERED SOLDIERS. \n\nAs before stated, there were twenty-three soldiers on the train, but \nonly twenty-two of them were killed. One, Sergt. Goodman, was \nsaved. Twenty-three dead bodies lay on the ground, however, but \nthe twenty-third was not the body of a soldier. The names, regi- \nments and residences of some of the murdered soldiers have been ob- \ntained from Sergt. Goodman, and are here appended : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nName. \n\n\nRegiment. \n\n\nResidence. \n\n\nEdmund Pace \n\n\n1st Missouri Engineers \n\n\nTaylor County, Iowa. \nPage County, Iowa. \n\n\nJames Mobley \n\n\n1st Missouri Engineers \n\n\nCass Rose \n\n\n1st Missouri Engineers \n\n\nPage County, Iowa. \nNodaway County, Mo. \nNodaway County, Mo. \nHolt County, Mo. \n\n\n\n\n1st Missouri Engineers \n\n\nChas. Hilterbridle \n\n\n1st Missouri Engineers \n\n\nSergeant Peters \n\n\n1st Missouri Engineers \n\n\n\n\n1st Missouri Engineers \n\n\nBuchanan County, Mo. \nClarinda, Iowa. \n\n\nW^illiam H. Barnum. \n\n\nCo. F, 23d Iowa Infantry \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAs every man was robbed, no papers or other articles were found \non the soldiers by which they could be identified. Not much effort \nwas made, however, at identification, the bodies, in most instances, \nbeing allowed to lie where they had fallen until the next morning. \n\n\n\nDEPOT BURNED. \n\n\n\nThe depot was soon burned down, and converted into a mass of \nsmouldering embers and smoking timbers. The majority of the pas- \n\n\n\n452 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsensrers from the train set out for Stursreon as soon, and in the best \nmanner, possible. Some of them remained in the few houses in town, \nowing to the fact that all of the vehicles in the neighborhood had been \nengaged by others. \n\nWhy had Anderson and his company come upon Centralia that \nmorning, while all the rest of the guerillas remained behind? Early in \nthe morning he told Todd and Thrailkill that a reconnoissance in the \ndirection of Sturgeon was advisable, to note if the Federals were or \nhad been about, and as Centralia was on the road it could easily be \nvisited. If the information obtained at Centralia was satisfactory he \nneed go no farther, but could halt, capture the stage and train and \nreturn to camp. If he came upon Federals he was to fight them and \nfall back towards the main camp, if necessary. If he could ascertain \nthat Columbia could easily be captured, the attempt was to be made. \nA picket of Thrailkill\' s men was stationed near Young\'s Creek bridge \non the railroad, to take observations, but with instructions not to in- \nterfere with the track or trains. This picket or another (it is not cer- \ntain) moved up westward in sight of Centralia, so that if troops came \nin on cars and disembarked they could be seen and their movements \nreported. \n\nARRIVAL or MAJ. JOHNSON\'S COMMAND. \n\nAt about 3 p. M., the citizens of Centralia saw coming from the \neast, along the railroad toward the town, another considerable military \nforce dressed in blue. At first they were thought to be another de- \ntachment of guerillas, but they were soon found to be a portion of \nthe 39th Missouri Infantry Volunteers, under command of Maj. A. \nV. E. Johnson, the force heretofore mentioned, moving about between \nMexico and Paris. The regiment was newly organized, and had \nbeen in service only about two weeks. On the 14th of September, \nCompanies A and G, of the regiment, had arrived at Paris, and a \nweek later Companies C and H. By orders from Col. E. A. \nKutzner, of Scotland County, these companies were placed under \ncommand of Maj. Johnson, and mounted on horses and mules \n" pressed " from certain " disloyal" citizens of Monroe, Shelby and \nMarion Counties. These animals were of an inferior grade, most \nof them being old brood-mares and plow-horses, with some indifi\'er. \nent mules. The 39th Missouri was armed with Enfield muskets, muz- \nzle-loading guus, carrying an ounce ball and equipped with bayonets. \nThere were no revolvers or sabers in the regiment, save those carried \niby the commissioned officers. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 453 \n\nFor some days, and at intervals, Johnson\'s battalion had been \nscouting in Monroe County. Once, as before stated, it had come up \nwith Capt. Bryson\'s company of forty men near Santa Fe, Monroe \nCounty, and dispersed it, wounding Bryson and three or four of his \nmen and taldng one prisoner, Andrew Ewing. Tlie next day it con- \ntinued the hunt for the fleeing Confederates, but failed to find them. \nBryson\'s force learned from the citizens and by their own observation, \nhow many men Johnson had, how they were armed, mounted, etc., \nand had conveyed this information to Anderson in the interview before \nnarrated. \n\nOn the night, of the 26th of September intelligence was brought \nto Paris, that Bill Anderson had entered the county from the west \nand was near Middle Grove. At ten o\'clock p. m., Johnson mounted \n147 of his men, detachments of Companies A, G, and H, and \nstarted in pursuit. Company A was from Adair County and was \ncommanded by Capt. James A. Smith, with Edwin Darrow and Robt. \nMoore as Lieutenants. Company G was from Shelby county, \ncommanded by Capt. Wm. Glover. On this occasion it was com- \nmanded by First Lieutenant Thos. Jaynes, of Shelby ville. Com- \npany H was commanded by Adam Theiss, of Hannibal, and was \nmade up of recruits from Marion, Lewis, Shelby, and Monroe coun- \nties. The lieutenants of this company were Frank B. Wray, of Lewis, \nand John E. Stafibrd, of Clark. The commissioned officers present \nwith the command |were Major Johnson, Captains Smith and Theiss, \nand Lieutenants Jaynes and Stafford. Company H had but 35 \nmen on the expedition, with two wagons and one prisoner. The total \nnumber of men led by Johnson into Centralia was therefore 155, \ncomposed of 147 non-commissioned officers and privates, five officers, \ntwo teamsters, and one prisoner. \n\nJohnson came^upon Todd\'s trail near Middle Grove and followed \nit as rapidly as possible. He found that the guerrillas had robbed \nnearly every house along the route, but had killed no one. He pushed \non in a southeasterly course to the timber on Young\'s Creek and \nthen moved due south to where the guerillas had crossed the railroad, \nabout two and a half miles east of Centralia and in plain view of the \ntown. Here he halted and decided to visit the village in search of in- \nformation, having no suspicion of the dreadful tragedy that had been \nenacted a few hours before. \n\nWhen he arrived at the place and saw the smoking ruins of the depot \nand the cars, and the bloody, ghastly corpses of the slain soldiers. \n\n\n\n454 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand the horror-stricken women and children, Maj. Johnson at once \nknew it was all the work of the guerillas, but speedily set about to \nlearn the details. He conversed with some of the citizens, but more \nespecially with Dr. A. F. Sneed. The latter informed him thoroughly \nas to what had occurred, of the location of the camp of the guerillas, \nand of their probable \xe2\x80\x94 at least their reported \xe2\x80\x94 number. Maj. \nJohnson and Dr. Sneed ascended into the attic of Mr. Sneed\'s hotel \nand looked out southeast over the prairie toward Singleton\'s. Very \nsoon they saw a squad of 15 or 20 men ride out from a little belt of \ntimber along a small branch near Mr. Yates\' residence, a mile from \ntown, and halt. " There they are now," said the Major, and he \nhastily descended. On the ground. Doctor Sueed asked him if he in- \ntended marching out to attack them.- \'\xe2\x96\xa0\'\xe2\x96\xa0 1 do,\'\' he emphatically re- \nsponded. Dr. Sneed remonstrated and urged him not to risk a fight \nwith the guerillas. " They largely outnumber you," he said, " and \nthey are much better armed and mounted, having four good revolvers \neach and splendid horses." \n\n" How many do you think there are of them ?" asked Major Johnson. \n\n" I do not know to a certainty, but there are said to be about 400," \nreplied Dr. Sneed. \n\n" But you say there were only about 80 in town this morning." \n\n" The remainder were down in the camp." \n\nThe Major seemed somewhat incredulous as to the number of the \nfoe, thinking, no doubt, they were largely overestimated, as was \ncommonly the case. \n\n"And they are armed only with revolvers?" he again queried. \n" Well, they may have the advantage of me in numbers but I will \nhave the advantage of them in arms. My guns are of long range \nand I can fight them successfully at a distance." Soon after he \nadded , " / ivill fight them anyhoio . \' \' \n\nJOHNSON DETERMINES TO FIGHT. \n\nJohnson spoke like a soldier. It was his duty to march forth and \nattack his enemy at any hazard. He had been following him for sev- \neral hours with orders to fight him when found. He had come upon \nhim ; and here was a town with its railroad buildings in ashes, its \ncitizens robbed and plundered and the dead bodies of twenty-three \nFederal soldiers, brutally murdered in cold blood, lying stark and \nstripped and lifeless in the sun ; and those who had done the burning, \nthe robbing, and the murdering were only a mile or so away. Sup- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 455 \n\npose he had acted the craven and the coward and retreated to Stur- \ngeon in safety, leaving the gueriUas to pursue tlieir way in peace, all \nfuture generations would have justly condemned his conduct and ex- \ncrated his memory. Major Johnson is better off, dust and ashes in \nhis grave in Marion county, than if he were alive under such a cloud \nof contumely and shame. He has been censured deeply and often by \nthose who did not know the facts or did not rightly interpret them. \nVarious silly statements have been made concerning him ; among \nthem that he entered Centralia cursing and swearing at the citizens, \nand left using the most violent threats and denunciations ; that he \nknew nothing of the force he was confronting \xe2\x80\x94 their numbers, char- \nacter, etc. ; that he carried a black flag at the head of his command ; \nthat the people of the place, even "beautiful girls," implored him \nnot to go out against the bushwhackers, with much more misrepre- \nsentation and falsehood. \n\nThe truth is, as related by the then citizens of Centralia now living, \nand who speak that which they know, and by the few surviving mem- \nbers of Johnson\'s command, none of the ridiculous utterances or \nactions attributed to him were ever said or done. He treated the \ncitizens respectfully, even kindly. He had on his person a written \norder from Gen. C. B. Frsk commanding him to " exterminate the \nmurderous, thieving bushwhackers," but he made no threats against \nthe people of Centralia. He knew something of the character of the \nforce he was aboiit to engage, having followed them long enough, and \nconversed with people who had well observed them, to get an accurate \nidea of them. Doubtless, he was mistaken as to their numbers, as it \nis said he told Lieut. Stafibrd that he did not believe they exceeded \n150. He conferred with Dr. Sneed and one or two other citizens of \nCentralia, and was advised by them not to attempt an attack, but no \n*\' beautiful girl " implored him to remain. He floated no black flao-. \nHe had a United States flag carried in his command, by Isaac Howard, \nand this was brought unstained and unhurt from the field. Practi- \ncally, it may be, both sides were fighting under the black banner of \n" no quarter." The guerillas killed every Federal that fell into their \nhands, and this fact was well known to Johnson, whose orders were \nto " exterminate" them if he could. \n\nJOHNSON MARCHES TO BATTLE AND TO DEATH. \n\nGetting his command together, Johnson ordered Capt. Theiss and \nLieut. Stafford, of Company H, with 35 men to remain in Cen- \n\n\n\n456 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntralia with the two teamsters, the wagons and the prisoner. With \nthe detachments of Company A, Capt. Smith, and Company G, \nLieut. Jaynes, Major Johnson advanced toward the southeast. He \ndid not have exceeding 120 men. An advance under a commissioned \nofficer, numbering perhaps 25 men, rode in a trot toward the guerilla \npicket force, near Yates\'s. When the forces were within 200 yards \nof each other, the guerillas retreated southward ; the Federals fol- \nlowed slowly, but never losing sight of their enemy. The guerillas \nrode leisurely along, halting occasionally to be sure that they were \nbeing followed. Half a mile south of Yates\'s there was a field. The \nfence was thrown down, the guerillas entered the field and marched \nin a trot up a gentle slope. Johnson closed up with his advance in \nthe little hollow and skirt of timber near where the fence was, and \nentered the field through the same gap the guerillas had passed. He \nmarched up the slope in a walk to the crest of the hill, and entered a \npiece of fallow land where, the previous year, had grown a crop of \ncorn. Here he halted his command and "fronted" it, his line now \nrunning north and south and facing the east. Near half a mile away, \non the crest of another hill, sloping down east to Young\'s Creek, he \nsaw perhaps 75 men, Anderson\'s company. The remainder of the \nguerillas were out of sight, save a few that could be seen in a hollow \nto the right. Johnson dismounted three-fourths of his men, ordered \nthem to " fix bayonets," and, himself at their head on horseback, \nmoved forward about 100 yarHs and halted, leaving behind one-fourth \nof his men to hold horses, as is customary with cavalry and mounted \ninfantry when fighting on foot. \n\nPREPARATION OF TODD FOR THE FIGHT. \n\nWhen Bill Anderson returned to the main camp, near Singleton\'s \nand reported what he had done, he had a considerable altercation with \nGeorge Todd concerning his conduct. Todd denounced the killing \nof the defenceless soldiers and the robbery of the citizens. Ander- \nson was on the point of withdrawing from the command, when \nThrailkill\'s pickets came in and reported the approach of Johnson\'s \ncommand. The officer in charge of the scouts (said to have been \nThrailkill himself), said he had counted the Federals as they marched \nup the railroad track and that their number was one hundred and fifty- \nfive. It was soon agreed that this was the command of which \nBryson\'s men had informed them that morning. *\' They have only \nold muskets and no revolvers, then," said Anderson to Todd, "and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 45? \n\nit will be only fun to clean tliem up." All differences were forgotten \xc2\xbb \nand the command, " saddle up ! " rang through the camp. Todd was \nsoon prepared for battle. Fullenwider\'s fence lay in front of the \ncamp to the west. Every other panel was thrown down, and the \nguerillas passed into the fallow field. Todd and Thrailkill planned \nthe battle line. To the right of the field was a slough, or " branch," \nrunning northeast into Young\'s Creek. To the left was a slough \nrunning southeast into Young\'s Creek. Up the slough to the right \nwere sent Thrailkill and Tom Todd. Up the slough to the left went \nGeorge Todd and Si. Gordon. Up the centre went Bill Anderson, and \nhis company line running from north to south and facing the west. \nBehind, and partly overlapping Anderson\'s company, was Dave Poole. \n\nBefore the line of battle was formed, Todd sent out a squad of \nThrailkill\' s men to observe the movements of Johnson. This squad \nmoved up near Yates\'s, and was the squad seen by Maj. Johnson and \nDr. Sneed from the attic of Sneed\'s hotel. When Johnson\'s advance \nrode down to near this force, the Federal leader called out, " Come \non; we are ready for you." In a minute he again shouted, "Wait \nfor us, then, you d \xe2\x80\x94 d cowards." The guerillas (but he did not, of \ncourse, know it) were only waiting for him. Eeport was sent to Todd \nof the approach of the Federals, and he directed the squad to " toll " \nor lead them into the trap which he was setting for them, which they \nsuccessfully accomplished. As soon as the guerillas got into the old \ncorn-field they galloped away to their command. The Federals came \non as before described. \n\nAs the forces stood confronting each other, there was profound \nsilence for a minute or two. Each party waited for the other to be- \ngin the attack. Five paces ahead of his soldiers sat Johnson on his \nfine gray horse, his left hand holding the reins, his right grasping his \npistol \xe2\x80\x94 a Colt\'s dragoon. If he spoke to his men, no one is now \nalive that heard what he said. Anderson had halted at the head of \nhis company. He looked over to the right and to the left and saw \nthat Todd and Thrailkill were in position. Then he rode behind his \ncompany, and said to his men: "Boys, when we charge, break \nthrough the line and keep straight on for the horses. Keep straight \non for the horses ! Keep straight on for the horses!" It had been \narranged that Anderson was to open the fight and draw the Federal \nfire. It had also been arransjed that he was to lift his hat as a signal \nfor the attack, which would be observed by Poole and the other lead- \ners. As soon as the Federals fired, Todd and Thrailkill were to \n\n\n\n458 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncharge. All of Anderson\'s men kept their horses, and kept hi line ; \nnone of them dismounted, as reported in some accounts. Anderson \nscanned narrowly the dismounted Federals in his front, with their \n\nmuskets and gleaming bayonets. "Not a d d revolver in the \n\ncrowd I" he exultingly exclaimed to Arch. Clements. \n\nTHE FIGHT AND THE CARNAGE. \n\nAt last some one of the guerillas gave a wild shout, and at once \nAnderson\'s line sprang foward in a gallop. Such a scene ! In a mo- \nment Johnson\'s men fired irregularly and wildly, and in another \nmoment Anderson was upon them, his pistols blazing, and his men \ncheering and shouting. " Surrender ! surrender ! " was heard among \nother cries and yells. The revolvers cracked rapidly, so rapidly that \nthe reports sounded at a distance like a heavy hail storm beating on \nglass roofs. In a few seconds Todd and Thrailkill had hurried for- \nward and were taking part, and then Anderson and Poole swept on \ntoward the reserve. The " fourth men," who were holding the \nhorses for the Federals, made but feeble resistance, and sought safety \nby riding away as rapidly as possible. A few of them started when \nthe guerillas made the first charge, turning loose the horses entrusted \nto them. Shooting all the time, now a man, now a horse, the guer- \nillas rode about the field in a perfect frenzy. Many Federals fought \nto the last, clubbing their muskets and thrusting with their bayonets, \nand a few of the guerillas received bayonet wounds. Some of the \nFederals knelt on the ground and implored mercy. "I am a \nMason! " some of them cried out. Very many did not fire at all, \nfor their o-uns were found loaded after the fioiit. To all on the \nfield, with a single exception, death came in two minutes\' time. \nNearly all of Johnson\'s horses were killed on the field, a majority \nof them in the fight, the rest deliberately. In some respects the \nCentralia fight has \n\nNO PARALLEL IN THE ANNALS OF THE CIVIL WAR. \n\nIt was the wildest and the most merciless, and in proportion to the \nnumber of the force vanquished, the most destructive of human \nlife. Out of a total force of only about ninety, which was in line of \nbattle, and thirty others detailed to hold horses in the rear, one hun- \ndred and eight fell before the remorseless revolvers of Todd\'s and An- \nderson\'s men \xe2\x80\x94 men who, fresh from the horrible scenes of blood and \npillage and fire at Centralia that morning, were prepared for other \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOOJSTE COUNTY. 459 \n\nscenes of carnage on a larger scale in the afternoon. To such men, \nwith appetites whetted for blood and suffering and death, the carnage \nat Singleton\'s farm was a refreshment and a joy, and perhaps a pleas- \nant memory. The pistol shots, the yells, the shouts and the cheers \nof the victors, mingled with the screams, groans, and prayers of the \nvanquished \xe2\x80\x94 the exciting spectacle of charging horses, of men wav- \ning Aveapons and firing, of men fleeing and others pursuing, all made \na scene without a parallel. \n\nNo quarter was shown to a single Federal. Capt. Smith caught a \nguerilla\'s horse by the bridle : " I always spare prisoners," he called \nout loudly ; "I never do," cried the guerilla, fiercely, and shot the \nofficer dead. No quarter would have been shown the guerillas had \nthey been taken prisoners, or had the fight gone against them, and \nthey expected none. True, they might not have been shot down on \nthe field, but they would in that case have been court-martialed, and \nprobably shot for the cowardly massacre of the mornino-. \n\nTHE PURSUIT. \n\nAnderson and Poole, as has been stated, passed on for the reserve \nwith the horses. Some of the " fourth men " sat upon their horses \nin a state of stupefaction, with their muskets on their saddles in front \nof them, and never moved until they were shot dead from their sad- \ndles. A few dismounted and fired one round \xe2\x80\x94 no more. The others \nsought to escape, and turned toward Centralia and Sturgeon. But \nthe old sickle-hammed brood-mares and plow-horses, and the sore- \nbacked mules, were no matches in speed for the fine horses, the best \nin Missouri, ridden by the guerillas. The most of the fugitives were \novertaken in a few moments and shot, falling from their saddles into \nthe tall grass of the prairie. The remainder were pursued across the \nprairie as hunters pursue a quarry \xe2\x80\x94 chased as wild beasts. \n\nThe best mounted among Anderson\'s and Poole\'s men, and even \namong Todd\'s and Thrailkill\'s, led the chase. The little fence to the \nleft of the field where the battle occurred was a weak and straoforlino- \nenclosure, and was ridden over as if it had been made of reeds. \nOutside, to the west and north, was open prairie for miles and miles. \nIt was but pastime for the guerrillas to gallop over this plain in pur- \nsuit of the fleeing Federals, who, after the first fire, with their empty \nmuskets were as harmless as children. Ever and anon white pufls \nof smoke would be seen at the muzzles of the guerillas\' revolvers, \nand a flying Federal would reel in his saddle and tumble to the \n\n\n\n460 HISTORY OF BOONK COUNTY. \n\nground. Fifteen were killed between the fence, on the west side of \nthe battle-field, and Centralia. \n\nIn less than five minutes from the firing of the first gun, Lieut. \nJaynes, of the Shelby County company, galloped back into Centralia, \nhis horse covered with sweat-foam and his pistol smoking. He \nshouted to Capt. Theiss\'s men, " Get out of here ! Get out of here ! \nEvery one of you will be killed if you don\'t ! " A few seconds be- \nfore this Lieut. Staflbrd and Dr. Sneed were in the attic of Sneed\'s \nHotel, looking toward the field. The officer exclaimed, " There they \ncome! they are routed!" and immediately descended and hastened, \nto his company. He and three of his men at once set out for Paris, \nand made good their escape. Theiss organized his company as well \nas he could and started for Sturgeon. Some of them remained in \nCentralia and watched the approach of the guerillas, and then \nattempted to hide themselves. \n\nTHE GUEEILLAS RETURN TO CENTRALIA HORRIBLE SCENES. \n\nThe guerillas were soon in town in search of their prey. Dave \nPoole was among the first. South of Sneed\'s Hotel, while galloping \nat full speed, he shot two Federals through the head, ofi" their horses,, \nfifty yards away. T. S. Sneed was standing on top of his kitchen and \nwitnessed the shooting. Poole saw Mr. Sneed and turned his pistol \non him, dropping a bullet one foot on each side of him. Mr. Sneed,. \nlike Zaccheus, of sycamore fame, came speedily down. Poole then \nrode up to the hotel, and, cursing Sneed, took his horse from him and \nrode rapidly in the direction of Sturgeon. As Theiss and his men \nwere leaving town two guerillas, who stood by the roadside, shot \nfour men out of the ranks. At Judge J. W. Hall\'s (who then lived \nin Centralia), his daughter. Miss Eliza, lay sick. A frightened Fed- \neral took refuge in the house and cowered down by the bed whereon \nlay the sick lady. The guerillas followed him and slew him while he \ntrembled and begged for his life. Two men ran into the privy of the \nEldorado House, whither they were pursued and shot. Another was \nin the hotel. A trooper rode up to the fence and called out : " Come \nout and surrender, and you shall be paroled and not hurt." Dr. \nSneed lived directly opposite, heard the guerilla, saw the Federal \ncome out and throw down his gun, and then saw the guerilla shoot \nhim dead. One guerilla called for a drink of water. As it was \nhanded him, he saw one of Johnson\'s men Jump over the back fence \nand run. Wheeling his horse he galloped after the blue coat, and in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 461 \n\na second his pistol cracked, the Federal fell dead, and, returning, the \nguerilla said, " I\'ll take that drink now." \n\nJohn C. Rowland, a citizen, was in town in a wagon with some \nladies, when the guerillas came into town on the heels of the Feder- \nals. Mr. Rowland drove the wagon behind a barn, intending to keep \nhimself and ladies out of harm\'s way. Tom Little, one of Anderson\'s \nguerillas, rode upon the wagon, and struck at Mrs. Redman, one of \nthe ladies, with his revolver. Mr. Rowland caught the weapon by \nthe barrel and held on witli such a grip that he was almost dragged \nfrom the wagon. Little then killed him. Mr. Rowland was a well- \nrespected young man, who had never been a soldier, but was regarded \nas a Southern sympathizer. \n\nThe Federals were pursued into Sturgeon, eight miles distant. One \nman was shot within half a mile of the town. Frank Barnes, a pri- \nvate in Theiss\'s company, was shot five times and not killed. He was \ntaken prisoner by the guerillas, carried off, and saved by Todd\'s or- \nder. A German soldier left the battle-field and retreated in a south- \nwest direction. He was not pursued. He crept in a corn shock on \nthe farm of Mr. Cook, and was fed and helped by the latter on his \nway to liberty and life, and escaped. He made his way to Sturgeon \nby way of Hallsville. One man, Marquette, of the Shelby County \ncompany, died after reaching Sturgeon. \n\nWhen the guerillas returned to Centralia from the pursuit, it was \nquite dark. A messenger had been sent from the battle-field for Dr. \nSneed to attend Anderson\'s wounded. Dr. Sneed was forced to \nmount behind the messenger, his horse having been taken in the morn- \ning, but soon a guerilla came back leading a very good horse that had \nbeen captured, and this animal the doctor rode to camp. He lost his \ninstrument case on the way, and extracted one ball with a thumb- \nlance. Three of Anderson\'s men only were found to be severely \nwounded ; others only slightly. Three were killed outright and one \nmortally wounded. Those killed were: Frank F. Shepherd, Henry \nWilliams (called " Hank" Williams), and a young man named Pey- \nton. Frank Shepherd was nearly seven feet high ; Williams had, a \nshort time before, deserted the Federals. Peyton was from Howard \nCounty. The mortally wounded man was Richard Kinney. All of \nthose who were killed outright were shot in the face. Mr. Thomas \nT. Jennings, now a carpenter in Centralia, made coffins, by order of \nAnderson, for them, and they were buried in Pleasant Grove Cem_ \netery, where they still repose. \n\n\n\n462 HISTOEY OV BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDr. iSneed left the field about 10 o\'clock p. m., and soon thereafter \nTodd moved camp and >yent south a few miles and again encamped. \n\nCITIZENS COLLECT THE DEAD ON THE FIELD. \n\nThe next morning Dr. F. J. Bruton, W. R. McBride, Jacob Kan- \natzer, and other prominent citizens went out on the battle-field and \ngathered up the Federal dead. Where Johnson\'s line was formed they \nfound sixty-eight dead men. Maj, Johnson\'s body, with a bullet \nthrough the temple, lay a few feet in advance of his line. His iron- \ngrey horse was near him. The Major\'s pockets had been searched, \nand his papers lay scattered on the ground. His revolver was found \nby the guerillas with three of the chambers empty. His body was \nnot mutilated, according to the accounts of the citizens named, who \nsearched the field, and who are responsible for the statements here, \nmade.^ \n\nAll of the bodies of the Federals had been searched and some of \nthem stripped. A few of the bodies were mutilated. Three are \nknown to have been scalped, one of these being a large red-headed \nman. Over in the prairie, west of the field, one body was stripped \nand mutilated in a revolting manner not to be described. Near Mr, \nJackson\'s house one soldier lay dead, pinned to the earth with his own \nbayonet. \n\nAs the gentlemen named were gathering the bodies they were \nstartled by one of them rising and asking for help. Unfortunately \nthis man\'s name cannot be given. He had been shot through the \nhead, but not killed, and remained conscious all through the fight and \nthe following night. He heard the citizens when they came on the \nfield, but feared they were guerillas and would not make known his \ncondition until he was certain who they were. He was carried to \nCentralia in a blanket and sent down to Mexico, where, it is said, he \ndied that night. \n\nThat morning Col. D. P. Dyer, of the 49th Missouri Infantry, in \n1880 Republican candidate for Governor, came up from Mexico with a \nportion of his regiment and ordered the citizens to bring all of the \ndead bodies from the field to Centralia. He took away the bodies of \n\n\n\n1 A silly statement has been published that Maj. Johnson was killed by the noted bandit, \nJesse James. As learned from guerillas whose word can be depended on, and from other \nsources, Jesse James loas not at Centralia at all. At that time he was lying wounded in \nCarroll or Chariton County. Frank James was at Centralia, and took a full hand. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n463 \n\n\n\nthe soldiers taken from the cars and killed. Col. Dyer did not re- \nmain in Centralia but a short time, and then returned to his camp. \nCol. Singleton furnished wagons and assisted himself in removing the \nbodies to town. It is believed that eighty-three bodies were brought. \nThe next day the citizens buried seventy-nine of these in one large \ngrave, near the railroad and east of the town, the other four, in- \ncluding Maj. Johnson, were buried elsewhere \xe2\x80\x94 the latter at his \nhome in Marion County. \n\n\n\nLIST OF THE FEDERALS KILLED. \n\nThe exact number of Federals killed, it is believed, has been cor \nrectly ascertained, together with their names. J. A. Waddell, Adju- \ntant. General of the State, furnishes from the muster rolls of the \ncompanies of the Thirty-ninth Missouri, on file in his office, the name \nof every man reported killed at Centralia, as follows ; \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nLIST OF KILLED OF THIRTT-NINTH MISSOURI INFANTRY, AT BATTLE OF CENTRALIA, MO.,. \n\nSEPTEMBER 27, 1864. \n\nMajor A. Y. E. Johnson, \n\n\n\nCOMPANY A. \n\nCapt. J. A. Smith, Sergt. Wm. G. Elliott, Sergt. J. S. Nesbit, \nSergt. J. C. Reynolds, Corp. A. W. Walters, Corp. Jasper May, \n\nCorp. Elijah Eitel. \n\n\n\nPrivates. \n\n\n\nJosiah Adams, \nJohn N. Braden, \nGeo. W. Cook, \nJohn B. W. Graves, \nJohn Hanlin, \nDaniel Lorton, \nE. T. Miles, \nEli E. Osborn, \nJohn S. Spicer, \nWm. Shoemaker, \nDavid Wilbaum, \nJohn E. Wood, \n\n\n\nGeo. W. Bragg, \nWm H. Corbin, \nPorter Cunningham, \nAlfred B. Hayward, \nGranville Hanlin, \nJames Morrow, \nMark S. Musick, \nA. B. Polly, \nIsaac Slaughter, \nDaniel A. Simler, \nJ. R. Williams, \nC. C. Wise, \n\n\n\nO. C. Byrd, \nA. J. Capps, \nA. J. Denton, \nValentine Hine, \nWm. H. Jeffers, \nJoseph Morrow, \nJas. K. P. Mock, \nAlfred S. Parsons, \nJames C. Stuteville, \nChas. Wilbaum, \nThos. Waugh, \nAlfred Zimmerman, \n\n\n\nSergt. M. B. Long, \nCorp. Canada Keller,. \n\n\n\nWm. H. Braden, \nJ. L. Canada, \nDavid R. Graves, \nBenj. Hargrove, \nHenry Keller, \nE. McClanahan, \nWm. Norton, \nJacob Reed, \nEmmet H. Selby, \nJas. H. B. Waddell, \nJas. Willis, \nTotal, 56. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY G. \n\nSergt. David N. Dunn, Sergt. Jno. Donahoo, Sergt. Wm. Lair, Sergt. Geo. W. Miller, \n\nCorp. Leander P. Bart, Corp. Jas. S. Gunby, Corp. Wm. Loar, Corp. David Riggs, \n\nCorp. L. D. Sherwood, Corp. Jacob R. Wexler, \n\nPrivates. \n\nGeo. W. Adams, Charles Bishop, Samuel Bell, \n\nWm. Christman, Oscar Collier, John J. Cirstein, \n\nWm. Drennan, Sylvester H. Deen, James S. Edwards, \n\nRobt. P. Elston, Wm. G. Floor, James Forsythe, \n\n\n\nPhilip Christman, \nHomer M. Dunbar,. \nEleazer Evans, \nRobt. Greenfield, \n\n\n\n464 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nWm. P. G-olay, \nElijah Hall, \nLouis F. Mai-quette, \nWm. A. Eoss, \nJaaies Stalcup, \nGeo. W. Van Osdale, \n\n\n\nHenry T. Grooch, \nChas. M. Jenkins, \nChas. Matterson, \nEobt. E. Spires, \nWm. T. Smith, \nJ. N". Vaden, \n\n\n\nJoseph S. Glahn, \nWm. Knipper, \nJohn Moore, \nJ. G. Sellers, \nPeter Sunnoner, \nA. M. Vandiver, \n\n\n\nJohn W. Hardin, \nAnthony Labas, \nJno. C. Montgomery, \nEdward Strachan, \nJ. W. Traswell, \nJonathan Wobdell, \n\n\n\nWm, T. Whitelock. Total, 51. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY H. \n\nSergt. Henry P. Porter. \nPrivates. \nPatrick Ballagher, Samuel L. Dingle, Wm. Dingle, Wm. Dexhimer, \n\nWm. A. Denny, James M. Henry, Chas. Kline, Frederic Miller, \n\nEobt. E. Montgomery, Conrad Pilgram, Chas. E. Eendlen, Winfield Shuler, \n\nBenj. Stephenson, Bennett Ford. Total, 15. \nEecapitulation. \xe2\x80\x94 Field officers, 1; line officers, 1; Company A, non-commissioned \nofficers and privates, 55; Company G, 51; Company H, 15. Total, 123. \n\nThe following are the names of some of Capt. Theiss\'s company \n(H.), who escaped: Capt. Adam Theiss, Lieut. John E. Stafford, \nCorp. John R. Sublett, Isaac ( ?) Howard, color-bearer, Louis Taylor, \nJohn Curamings, Ephriam J. Folen, Jack Calvert, Enoch Hunt, \nFrank Barns, wounded, and Wm. Parker, \n\nThe seventy-nine bodies buried at Centralia were disinterred De- \ncember 17, 1873, under direction of Capt. Nelson, and forwarded to \nJefferson City, and reinterred in the national cemetery at that place. \nJames A. Harris had the contract for taking them up, for which he re- \nceived $150. A monument which had been placed over the grave \nwas removed by C. A. Brown for $30. About fifty-six bodies were \ntaken up the first day. The bones, clothing, cartridge boxes, belts, \netc., were well preserved. The skeletons were small, indicating they \nwere of young men. Those who buried them say they i^ere young \nmen, in most cases, with smooth faces and without even mustaches. \nSeventy-nine skulls were taken out of this grave, each with a bullet \nhole in it. \n\nThe prisoner, Sergt. Goodman, taken from the cars at Centralia \nand spared by Anderson, was in the charge of Anderson\'s company on \nJohnson\'s men in the field, and witnessed the fight,^ and accompanied \nthe command when it left. He was with the guerillas ten days, and \nescaped as they were crossing the Missouri Elver. After his return \nto his home, in Page County, Iowa, he published a pamphlet giving \nan account of his experiences. From this pamphlet much informa- \n\n\n\n1 Now living in Centralia, and from whom this and other information have been obtained. \n^ As did Mr. Yates, a citizen, who happened to be near the field with his team. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BUOJNE COUNTY. 465 \n\ntion has been derived for this article. Mr. Goodman now lives at \nSanta Rosa, California. \n\nTHE EETREAT AND PURSUIT OF THE GUERILLAS BY GEN. J. B. DOUG- \nLASS. \n\nOn the nio-ht after the massacre and battle Todd moved his com- \nmand down in the neighborhood of Frazier\'s Mill, and encamped on \nthe northwest quarter of section 12, township 49, range 12. Pickets \nwere posted and foraging parties sent out to procure provisions for \nthe men. It was expected the Federals would soon be upon them, \nand Todd and Thrailkill were very uneasy. They were seeking to \ncross the Missouri River as soon as possible, and put themselves \nunder the protection of Gen. Price. \n\nOn the evening of the 27th Gen. J. B. Douglass, of Columbia, then \nin command of the military district embracing Boone County, came \nacross the country from Fayette to Columbia, escorted by two com- \npanies of the 1st Iowa Veteran Cavalry. At Columbia Gen. D. found \nLieut. -Col. Austin A. King, of the 13th Mo. Cavalry, with three com- \npanies of his regiment, a detachment of Capt. James A. Adams\'s \ncompany (B), of the 9th M. S. M., and one piece of artillery, a six- \npounder. Col. King had followed Todd and his command from Fay- \nette to near Sturgeon, at which time, believing the guerillas would \nattempt to cross the Missouri in the southern part of Boone County, \nlie marched across the country south to intercept them. Douglass \nand King heard the evening of the 27th of the massacre, but not of \nthe battle and annihilation of Johnson and his command. \n\nEarly on the morning of September 28th, Gen. Douglass and Col. \nKing started after Todd and Anderson, and about eight or nine o\'clock \ncame on them, near Frazier\'s Mill. Just before the pickets were \nfired on a woman of the neighborhood was captured on her way to \nthe guerilla camp, with a handsomely embroidered velvet vest for \nBill Anderson. The pickets were driven in and the piece of tirtillery \nmoved to the front and fired twice, each time being loaded with \nshell. As soon as the sound of artillery was heard, Todd began mak- \ning his preparations for a rapid retreat. He believed that the pur- \nsuing force had been sent up from St. Louis, and that it was a strong \nand efficient one. He first went east, into the Cedar Creek timber, \nthen south, across the Two-Mile Prairie, Douglass in pursuit. Two \nor three times Todd\'s rear guard formed as if to fight, but this was \nonly done to gain time, for when Douglass would form, the rear guard \n30 \n\n\n\n466 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmoved rapidly away. The opposing forces frequently exchanged \nshots, and across the Two-Mile Prairie there was a sort of running \nfio-ht. Near noon Anderson passed Jas. McKinney\'s, and the pickets \nwere then skirmishing. The guerillas were leading about fifty horses. \nThey robbed Mr. McKinney of his watch, two horses and $15 m \nmoney. They also robbed Maj. Brown of his watch and money. \nNear Phil. Gillaspy\'s, Anderson formed in line, but soon re- \ntreated. \n\nAfter Todd reached the Cedar Creek timber he was safe. Doug- \nlass could not get to him, unless at great disadvantage. His artillery \ncould not be utilized and made effective, owing to the extreme un- \nevenness of the ground and denseness of the forest. The guerillas \ncrossed Cedar Creek and passed down south, on the east side, in Cal- \nlaway County, going near Stephens\'s Store and Millersburg. Some \nof them, said to have been Tom Todd\'s company, kept down on the \nwest side. Crossing the Two-Mile Prairie, Todd\'s men threw away \nsome Enfield muskets, which they had taken from the battle field at. \nCentralia. \n\nAt the camp of the guerillas, near Frazier\'s Mill, two young men \nof this county, who had been pressed into service as guides, were \nfound by Gen. Douglass, and gave him the first information of the \nCentralia fight and of the destruction of Johnson\'s command. Here \nhe also found a citizen who had counted the guerillas as they marched \nalono- the road, and made their number to be 428. Gen. Douglass \nstates, that a careful count of the soldiers under his (D.\'s) command \nthat day showed they numbered 360 ; but they were all veterans, well \narmed and eager for the fray. The Iowa Cavalry, and Company B, of the \n9th M. S. M., had to be restrained in their imlDctuosity, or they would \nhave charged the guerillas at every hazard. They cursed Douglass \nbecause he would not permit them to go ; but the General states that \nhe did not wish them to be caught in a trap, and did not wish to peril \nthe lives of his command without a reasonable prospect of victory. \nThis prospect was hopeless without the effective employment of his \nentire force, artillery as well as cavalry \xe2\x80\x94 a condition of affairs better \nunderstood by him than by his impatient soldiers. \n\nOn the evening of the 28th, after a hard day\'s march, Douglass and \nhis command went into camp in the southeastern part of Columbia \ntownship or in the northeastern part of Cedar. Todd was not more \nthan two miles away, and both parties had out strong pickets. Early \nnext morning the pursuit was resumed. Todd abandoned the purpose \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 467 \n\nof crossing the river near Jefferson, and marched in a westerly direc- \ntion across the northern part of Cedar township, going south of the \nEockb ridge Mills, and near Providence. Gen. Douglass felt encumbered \nby his piece of artillery, and when south of Kockbridge Mills sent it \nto Columbia under an escort of the 9th M. S. M. The guerillas \npassed west along the river, crossing the Perche and going in the \ndirection of Eocheport. During this day the line was formed for a \nfisht two or three times. But Todd was not anxious for an engao-e- \nment, and Douglass while seeldno; it did not intend to deliver battle \nunless under circumstances which assured him of victory. \n\nLater in the day Todd began to scatter his forces, directing them \nto rendezvous at " Harker\'s," in Howard County. \n\nA few miles northwest of the crossing of Perche Creek Company \nB, of the 9th M. S. M., came upon a squad of guerillas in a house. \nOne of them rode up and asked for water, not thinking the men he saw \nwere bushwhackers. " Where are you from? " queried the occupants \nof the house. " From St. Joe," replied the militiaman. Immediately \nhe was fired on with a shot-gun. His comrades came up and, in a corn- \nfield near the house, a skirmish ensued, in which one of the Ninth \nMissouri (Joseph Wheeler) was severely wounded. A man named \nCreed, reported to be one of Anderson\'s guerillas, was killed in thii^ \nskirmish. He lived in the vicinity, and his body was taken home for \nburial, but his wife, fearing the Federal soldiers, disowned him and \npretended not to recognize his remains. As soon, however, as most \nof the soldiers left she recognized him, exclaiming, " That is my hus- \nband," and broke into vehement denunciations of the few Federals \nwho were near, warning them that " Bill Anderson will make you \npay for this." \n\nThat night Gen. Douglass marched to Cook\'s farm, on section 18, \ntownship 48, range 13, and encamped. Next morning he went to \nEocheport, and sent out scouting parties in every direction, who found \nthe guerillas, partly on account of hunger, and partly because of the \npresence of Douglass\'s command in the vicinity, disbanded and scat- \ntered over the country. \n\nLearning this. Gen. Douglass thereupon started a citizen of Eoche- \nport to Glasgow with dispatches for Gen. Fisk, but Anderson\'s men \ncaptured him en route in Howard county, took his dispatches from \nhim, and released him. After satisfying himself that the guerillas \nhad disbanded Gen. Douglass returned to Columbia. \n\n\n\n468 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nTHE FEDERAL DRAFT \xe2\x80\x94 NAMES OF BOONE COUNTY CITIZENS DRAFTED. \n\nOn November 14, 1864, there was a draft a^t Provost Marshal \nLovelace\'s headquarters in St. Charles, in which one hundred and \nsixty-four of the citizens of Boone county, some white, some black, \ndrew prizes, and prizes which cost some of them several months\' ser- \nvice in the Federal army, and a large number of them from $300 to \n$750 for substitutes. The apparent deficit of Boone county was 82. \nTo meet this 164, or double the number were drawn. The num- \nber to, fill the quota of 82 was taken from the list in the order in \nwhich they were drawn, excluding of course those whom the exam- \ninino- board might exempt for disabilities, and those who had died, or \nwho since the eurollment, had enlisted in the United States army. \nThe draft was for one year. The following is \n\n\n\nTHE LIST OF DRAFTED MEN. \n\n\n\n1. John Adair, \n\n2. Eobert Henry, \n\n3. James Pigg, \n\n4. Peter Palmer, \n6. Benj. Mead, Jr., \n\n6. Morgan Eeams, \n\n7. Kobert R. McBain, \n\n8. John W. Asbury, \n\n9. Henry N. Ess, \n\n10. Henry Robinett, \n\n11. John R. Boulton, \n\n12. Daniel Phillips, \n\n13. Pollard W. Graves, \n\n14. John M. Samuel, \n\n15. Alfred Stephens, \n\n16. Andrew J. Bryson, \n\n17. Azariah Martin, \n\n18. George H. Akeman, \n\n19. Joel Kirtley (col\'d), \n\n20. Elias Elliott, \n\n21. Lewis Ashbury (col\'d), \n\n22. Wm. Barnes, \n\n23. Frederick Wilcox (col\'d), \n\n24. Wm. Albright, \n\n25. Lewis M. Switzler, \n\n26. Wm. H. Barnett, \n\n27. John F. Evans, \n\n28. Nathaniel Harris, \n\n29. David Vivion, \n\n30. W. A. Darnally, \n^1. Elijah G. Taylor, \n\n\n\n32. Clay Ballew, \n\n83. Jacob Strawn, \n\n34. Riley Christian, \n\n35. Samuel M. Jones, \n\n36. Milton A. Wiggington. \n\n37. James M. Smith, \n\n38. Asa C. Nichols, \n\n39. Eli Lanham, \n\n40. H. W. Richardson, \n\n41. Stephen Todd (col\'d), \n\n42. Edward Mansfield, \n\n43. Anthony Clarkson (col\'d), \n\n44. Samuel S. Hagan, \n\n45. Alfred E. Grubbs, \n\n46. Lewis Vanhorn (col\'d), \n\n47. Morrison Powell, \n\n48. Isaac Lamme. \n\n49. Wm. Beazley (col\'d), \n\n50. R. C. Dyson, \n\n51. John M. Brown, \n\n52. Hiram Cowden, \n\n53. John E. Blakemore, \n\n54. Wm. D. Oliver, \n\n55. James Petty, \n\n56. Peter Lyons, \n\n57. Thomas Gibson, \n\n58. Wm. A. Harris, \n\n59. Robert T. Sapp, \n\n60. Charles Todd (col\'d), \n\n61. Joseph E. Proctor, \n\n62. Thomas L. Burdett, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n469 \n\n\n\n63. David Mead, \n\n64. Ashby Crump, \n66. Henry L. Cook. \n\n66. Horace W. Gold, \n\n67. Pleasant R. Nicholson, \n\n68. John E. Woolfolk, \n\n69. Wm. J. Simms, \n\n70. Harry C. Summers, \n\n71. James E. Tucker, \n\n72. Wm. T. Shock, \n\n73. Levi Hickam (col\'d), \n\n74. Thomas Milhollin, \n\n75. Prank Sappington (col\'d), \n\n76. Thomas Dunbar, \n\n77. James R. Hagan, \n\n78. Robert Melloway, \n\n79. Robert B. Coleman, \n\n80. John D. Patton. \n\n81. Wallace Williams (col\'d), \n82.\' James A. McQuitty, \n\n83. Robert P. Waters, \n\n84. John Rogers, \n\n85. Lawson G. Drury, \n\n86. Augustus Levi, \n\n87. Jesse CI ay polo, \n\n88. James Harris, \n\n89. Jacob Smith (col\'d), \n\n90. Wm. Bestwick, \n\n91. Nathan Roberts, \n\n92. Frank Thomas, \n\n93. Creed Conley (col\'d.) \n\n94. Solomon GrindstafiF, \n\n95. Wm. F. Hall, \n\n96. Carter Chandler, \n\n97. James S. Yeager, \n\n98. John N. Ward, \n\n99. Michael Speilman, \n\n100. James J. Winscott, \n\n101. James J. Arnott, \n\n102. Wm. Allen, Sen., \n\n103. Samuel Street, \n\n104. Benjamin Jenkins, \n\n105. Sydney Hume, \n\n106. Abraham Ewing, \n\n107. John R. Garth, \n\n108. L. W. Hendrix, \n\n109. Robert Gordon, \n\n110. Joseph Hall, \n\n111. Edward Bass (col\'d), \n\n112. Wm. Hunter, \n\n113. James W. Singleton, \n\n\n\n114. James Slate. \n\n115. Andrew Peyton, \n\n116. Henry GrindstafiF, \n\n117. Joseph Roberts (col\'d), \n\n118. Samuel Simms, \n\n119. Robert H. Woolfolk, \n\n120. Wm. H. Crane, \n\n121. Ambrose W. Hulen, \n\n122. Enoch C. Dooley, \n\n123. Squire Searcy (col\'d), \n\n124. James Davis, \n\n125. Henry Colvin, \n\n126. Amos Bartley, \n\n127. Benjamin F. Davis, \n\n128. Isaac Henry (col\'d), \n\n129. John L. Hines, \n\n130. Thomas Spillman, \n\n131. Robert E. Smith, \n\n132. Henry P. Williams, \n\n133. Ltright Vandiver, \n\n134. James M. Dinwiddle, \n\n135. Ben. F. Williamson, \n\n136. Stephen W. Pigg, \n\n137. James M. Strode, \n\n138. Thomas H. Keene, \n\n139. James H. Turner, \n\n140. Samuel Clinton, \n\n141. Matthew Evans, \n\n142. Simeon Christian, \n\n143. Alonzo Wright, \n\n144. Silas Senior, \n\n145. Joseph Sappington, \n\n146. Silas Hudson (col\'d), \n\n147. Jacob Palm, \n\n148. Harvey Parker (col\'d), \n\n149. Thomas Ballew (col\'d), \n\n150. John M. Shock, \n\n151. Columbus Hunter, \n\n152. James R. Selby, \n\n153. Lewis McAfee (col\'d), \n\n154. John H. Seymour, \n\n155. Wm. Fagg, \n\n156. Samuel Boyd, \n\n157. John Conway (col\'d), \n\n158. Daniel Robinett, \n\n159. James B. Stansbury, \n\n160. Sylvester Dines. \n\n161. John F. Cato, \n\n162. Jesse G. Long, \n168. Wm. Irvin, \n\n164. Jeff. B. Ridgway. \n\n\n\n470 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nREMARKS. \n\nOf those drafted 144 were white and twenty colored. Nos. 9 and \n35 were tutors in the State University. No. 25, Lewis M. Switzler, \nthen assistant editor of the Statesman. No. 42, a former foreman in \nthe Statesman office, but tlien in St. Louis or Memphis. Furnished \nsubstitutes for one year: Nos. 1, 7, 9, 11, 18, 25, 27, 51, 64, 68, 71, \n72,85, 96, 99, 105, 132, 136, 138, 139, 142, 143 and 152. Total, \n23. Furnished substitutes for three years : Nos. 13, 14,29.33,38, \n58, 59, 61 (Furnished February 18, 1863), 83, 107, 119, 122,133, \n134, 137 and 150, Total, 16. Held to personal service : Nos. 19, \n46, 54, 60, 73, 75, 92, 94, 101, 108, 118, 128, 140, 144, 148, \n151, 153, 155, 157 and 158. Total, 20. Exempted from draft: \nNos. 2, 6, 35, 43, 49, 50, 95, 111, 112, 114 (now in U. S. ar- \nmy), 116, 120 (the sixth of our Union Cranes), 130, 131, 141, \n146, 147 and 149. Total, 18. Did not report: Nos. 3 (bush- \nwhacker), 4, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, \n28,. 30, 31, 32, 34, 36, 37, 39, (in Confederate army), 40, 41 (now in \nU. S.army), 42, 44, 45 (in Confederate army), 47, 48, 52, 53, 55, 56, \n57, 62, 63 (in Confederate army), Qb (in Confederate army or in the \nbushes), 66, 67, 69, 70, 74, (in Gratiot Prison), 76, 77, 78, 79 (in \nConfederate army), 80, 81 (in U. S. army), 82, 84, 86, 87, 88 (in Con- \nfederate army), 89, 90, 91, 93 (in U. S. army), 97, 98, 100, 102 (re- \nported by letter; very sick at home), 103, 104, 106, 109, 110, 113, \n115, 117, 121, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 (at medical school, Jefferson \ncollege, Phila.), 129, 135 (in Confederate army), 145, 154, 156, 159, \n160, 161 (in California), 162 and 163 (near Quincy, Ills.) Total, 86. \nDead, No. 164. \n\nHORRIBLE MASSACRE OF NEGROES. \n\nOn Friday, November 18, there was reported a horrid massacre of \nnegroes in the vicinity of Sturgeon. It appears a negro woman, the \nslave of Edward Graves, living eight miles from Sturgeon, on the \nRocheport road, had left home sometime since and taken up her \nabode in Sturgeon. On Friday she returned for the purpose of taking \noff other negroes from her former home. She started back to Stur- \ngeon in a wagon with five more negroes taken from the premises, con- \nsisting of a woman, a girl, a boy, and two small children. After \nproceeding about two miles the party were overtaken by three men \ndisouised in Federal uniforms. The neo-roes were then taken bv them \na distance into the woods, and all shot dead except the two children. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 471 \n\nwho were returned to their homes. One woman was hung before \nbeing shot. Who the perpetrators of this horrible butchery were is \nunknown. \n\nA FIGHTING FLOCK OF CRANES. \n\nThe Columbia Statesman, of December 2, 1864, flushed in Cedar \ntownship, near Providence, a flock of Cranes, who, ever since the \nwar commenced, had been pecking away at the head of the rebellion ; \nviz: Allen, James, Darius, Tinsley and John Crane, all sons of Wm. \nW. Crane. Allen died in the service, a member of "Merrill\'s \nHorse." James was in Company F, Ninth Cavalry, M. S. M., and \nDarius, Tinsley and John were in the Fourteenth Missouri Volun- \nteers. What county can scare up a bigger flock of Union Cranes \nthan this? \n\nCapt. William Colbert, of Troy, Mo., assumed command of the \npost of Columbia, in January, 1865, headquarters in the court \nhouse ; and Capt. H. N. Cook, Company F, Ninth Cavalry, M. S. M., \non February 24, for the purpose of recruiting a company to defend \nthe town and county against robbers and plunderers, and to bring \nabout peace and good order. A bounty of $50 was ofiered by the \nBoone County Court to each man who would enlist. \n\nCAPT. cook\'s fight WITH CARTER\'S BUSHWHACKERS. \n\nOn Saturday evening, February 11, 1865, Capt. Henry N. Cook \nand Lieut. Marshall H. Harris, and eighteen men of Company F, \nNinth M. S. M., left camp at Rocheport, in this county, on a recon- \nnoitering expedition in the Perche Hills, and about 1 o\'clock, on Sun- \nday morning, discovered unmistakable signs of bushwhackers. Dis- \nmounting his company he left his horses, boots and shoes, and moved \nforward, when a dim light was soon observed, whereupon Capt. Cook \nand his dashing platoon rushed pell mell into the den \xe2\x80\x94 which was a \nten-by-twelve shanty, constructed by their own hands, with one end \nopen and a large log lying in front with a fire between the log and \nentry, and was situated about three hundred yards from the west bank \nof Perche Creek, about one mile below Old Town Ford, and about \nseven miles north of Columbia. One of the bushwhackers fired his \npistol, instantly killing Sergeant Thomas J. Hern and slightly \nwounding private J. F. Tudor. Now the battle raged with the greatest \nfury ; shooting, knocking down and dragging out was the order in \nwhich things were conducted for about five minutes. Some of the \nsoldiers broke their rifles into atoms over the heads of the foe. Sev- \n\n\n\n472 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\neral of the desperadoes were left for dead, whilst the others were \nbreaking through the lines and running through the brush, each pur- \nsued by a soldier, who kept up a continual stream of fire upon the \nrear of his fleeing adversary, until the last load was discharged from \n\nrifle and revolver. James Carter and Thompson, the latter \n\nknown as " Dink Robinson," both inmates of the den, were killed at \n\nthe den, and Cavanaugh about 300 yards from it. Harvey \n\nRucker was shot in the abdomen and escaped. \n\nTwenty splendid new navy revolvers, six blue and two gray over- \ncoats, eight or ten pairs of boots, one U. S. infantry coat, one single- \nbarreled shot gun, several likenesses of ladies who are known in \nHoward County, enough blankets and bed quilts to make eleven men \ncomfortable in an open house in dead of winter, eight horses with full \nequipments, eight barrels of corn, a lot of hay, bacon, flour, sugar, \ncoffee, cooking utensils, and divers and sundry other household arti- \ncles too tedious to mention, as well as some financial appliances such \nas pocket books, belts, etc., etc., were the trophies gained by the \nvictors . \n\nLieut. Harris had his glove, which was on his hand, cut by a ball \nfrom one of his foes\' pistols, and in fact he was in such close prox- \nimity to the weapon that his hand was powder-burnt. \n\nPEACE GLAD TIDINGS OF GREAT JOY \xe2\x80\x94 ^ THE WAR OVER. \n\nOn April 9, 1865, the Army of Northern Virginia, under command \nof Gen. R. E. Lee, surrendered at Appomattox Court House to Gen. \nU. S. Grant, namely : Gen. Lee, eight lieutenant-generals, seventeen \nmajor-generals, sixty-one brigadier-generals, and about 20,000 sol- \ndiers. From that day forth the civil war was practically at an end. \n\nSECOND FEDERAL DRAFT. \n\nOn April 5, 1865, pursuant to orders from Gen. Fry, Provost Mar- \nshal General of the United States, a second draft was had in the Ninth \nDistrict. The quota of Boone County being one hundred and twenty, \ntwo hundred and forty names (double the number required) were \ndrawn. \n\nQuite a number of these persons were held to service and furnished \nsubstitutes, but as the surrender of Gen. Lee practically ended \nthe rebellion, neither the substitutes nor the men drafted were \nmustered. \' \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 47S \n\n\n\nASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN PUBLIC MEETING. \n\nThe assassination of President Lincoln by John Wilkes Booth, at \nFord\'s Theatre in Washington, D. C, at eleven o\'clock on Friday \nnight, April 14, 1865, startled the country. To give expression to \nthe sentiments of our people a large meeting was held at the court- \nhouse in Columbia, on the 22d April, 1865. On motion of Hon. \nJames S. Eollins, Prof J. H. Lathrop, LL. D., was elected president, \nand Rev. Isaac Jones and Gen. Jos. B. Douglass, vice-presidents ; \nJohn F. Baker and Robt. L. Todd, secretaries. \n\nOn motion a committee consisting of Hon. Jas. S. Rollins, Elder \nT. M. Allen, Dr. M. R. Arnold, Judge David Gordon, and Col. James \nR. Shields, was appointed to submit resolutions for the action of the \nmeeting. \n\nDuring the retirement of the committee the meeting was addressed \nby Col. Switzler, at the conclusion of whose remarks Maj. Rollins, on \nbehalf of the committee, submitted the following \xe2\x80\x94 accompanying the \nsame with an earnest, eloquent, feeling tribute to the memory and \nworth of Mr. Lincoln \xe2\x80\x94 after which the preamble and resolutions \nwere unanimously adopted . ( The resolutions are the best and the most \nappropriate offered to any meeting in the country on the same sub- \nject, and were written by President John H. Lathrop) : \n\nWherkas, Abraham Lincoln, the President of the United States, on the night of the 14th \ninstant, was stricken down by the hand of an assassin, and removed by a violent death, from \nhis exalted position of usefulness and honor ; and whereas, the simultaneous attempt to take \nthe lives of other eminent public men, indicates concert of action, with a traitorous as well \nas a murderous intent; and whereas, it becomes a great people, whom G-od has set up as an \nexample to the nations of the earth, to purge themselves from the taint of sympathy with \nthis crime against civilization, and also to give utterance to their sense of the national be- \nreavement, therefore. \n\nResolved, That we, in common with our fellow citizens throughout the country, hold up \nto present execration and perpetual infamy, as enemies of the human race, the procurers \nand the perpetrators or the savage and revolting murder of the Chief Magistrate of th\xc2\xa9 \nAmerican Republic and other like crimes, simultaneously attempted but mercifully \naverted. \n\nResolved, That our gratitude is due to Almighty God for the leadership of the distinguished \ndead, in the period of our country\'s peril ; for the exemplary purity of his private and public \nlife ; for his just appreciation of the national crisis ; for the admirable temper with which he \nmet its exigences, in defeat as well as in victory ; for his heroic faith in the exalted destiny of \nthe American people; for his self-devotion to the cause of human liberty, even unto death; \nand for the consolation which we cherish that now, in the triumphant moment of his emi- \nnent public service, the hand of the assassin has failed to impair the value of his official \nwork ; and has been only able to commit to the historic page the name of Abraham Lincoln \nas the second founder of the great Republic. \n\n\n\n474 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nResolved, That although this attempt has been made by traitorous hands to reach the \nlife of the nation through the assassination of its distinguished public men, we have un- \nshaken confidence in the speedy restoration of the national authority over every acre of its \nsoil, and the termination of the shock of arms in the formation of a still closer union; in \nthe establishment of a more comprehensive and authoritative justice ; in the assurance of an \nenduring domestic tranquility; in a more effective provision for the common defence ; in a \nmore vigorous promotion of the general welfare ; in the immovable security of the blessings \nof liberty to ourselves and our posterity ; and in the extension of the benefit of our great \nexample to the nations of the earth. \n\nResolved, That we recognize in Andrew Johnson, the chosen instrument of the Ameri- \ncan people for the promotion of these great national end , a patriot statesman, \n\n"Among the faithless faithful found," \n\nand commend his incoming administration to the generous and persistent support of every \nsteadfast heart, that tempers the sorrow of our national bereavement, by an undying confi- \ndence in the integrity, the perpetuity, and the ever progressive greatness of our American \nUnion. \n\nResolved, That in the testimony of our respect for the memory of our fallen chief, the \npublic buildings of Columbia be draped in mourning for thirty days ; and to this end the resi- \ndent Curators of the State University and the County Court of Boone County, are respect- \nfully requested to carry into effect this resolution. \n\nResolved, That we tender to the widow and family of the illustrious dead our heartfelt \nsympathies for the great loss which, in common with the nation, they have sustained ; and \nrequest the chairman of this meeting to communicate a copy to them of the foregoing reso- \nlutions. \n\nResolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be signed by the officers thereof, and \nthat the newspapers of the State, be requested to publish the same. \n\nOn motion of E. L. Todd it was \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That Dr. J. H. Lathropbe requested to prepaie an address on the life and char- \nacter of our late President, Abraham Lincoln, to be delivered before the people of Boone \nCounty, at such time as may suit his convenience. \n\nElder T. M. Allen, being called for, addressed the meeting briefly \nand felicitously, and Col. F. T. Russell, in response to an urgent in- \nvitation made a few remarks, well timed and appropriate. \n\nThe proceedings of this meeting were published in a large costly \nvolume, issued by order of Congress, \xe2\x80\x94 a distinction not giv^n the \nproceedings of any other county meeting in the Union. \n\nGOV. Fletcher\'s appointments in boone. \n\nThe State Convention of 1865, having adopted an ordinance ousting \na large number of the officials in the State, and conferring upon the \nGovernor the power to fill them by appointment, Gov. Fletcher made \nthe following appointments for Boone County : Circuit Clerk, Robert \nL. Todd ; County Clerk, Joseph B. Douglass ; Sherifl", John F, Baker ; \nCounty Judges, James W. Daley, David Gordon and John Berkebile, \nall of them the old incumbents except Mr. Berkebile. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 475 \n\nSPENCER RIFLES FOR HOME DEFENCE. \n\nOn Monday, May 1, 1865, which was the last day of the term (un- \nder the ousting ordinance of the convention) of the old County Court \nof Boone, they made an appropriation of -$4,000 with which to buy \nSpencer\'s repeating carbines and revolvers to arm Capt. CoOk\'s com- \npany of " Boone County Tigers." The money was at once placed in \nthe hands of Lieut. Wm. B. Kemper, of that company, who left for \nSt. Louis at once to purchase them, Capt. K. purchased one hun- \ndred stand of arms, for which he paid $3,500. Some years after the \nwar ninety-seven of these guns were sold to Gen. Guitar for $12.50 \napiece. The other three were unaccounted for. \n\nSTAGE STOPPED BY BUSHWHACKERS HON. J. S. ROLLINS ROBBED. \n\nOn Saturday, April 29, 1865, as the stage was returning from Cen- \ntralia to Columbia, it was stopped about 10 o\'clock, ten miles from \nColumbia, near the residence of John S. Varnon, by four bushwhackers. \nHod. J. S. Rollins was the only person in the stage beside the driver. \nWhen the bushwhackers were first discovered approaching the stage, \nMaj. Rollins took out his watch, a very valuable gold one, and slipped \nit under the cushion of the seat, but, when they came up, the stage \nwas searched and the watch found and taken by them. They de- \nmanded to know of Maj. Rollins what his name was, where he lived, \nand what avocation he followed. He gave them the old Centralia \ndodge ; replied that his name was Johnson, that he lived a few miles \nsouth of Columbia, and was by occupation a farmer. They then \nasked the driver who he was, and the driver affirmed that he did not \nknow him. Maj. Rollins was searched and his pocket-book taken, \ncontaining about seventy-five dollars in greenbacks. His carpet-sack \nwas broken open, and his private papers and some other property \nlooked over, but nothing of value to the bushwhackers was found, and \nhis carpet-sack was given back to him. One of them took his hat and \ngave him back another, the rim of which was cut ofi^, save enough to \nmake it resemble a cap. This the Major wore to Columbia, and, with \nit on, presented quite a bushwhacker appearance. \n\nOn arriving in Columbia, Maj. Rollins addressed a large meeting of \ncitizens on their duties in driving out marauders and maintaining the \nlaws. After his speech, a scout, composed of citizens and soldiers, \nwas started out in pursuit of the robbers. The trail was found about \nnight, but a heavy rainstorm coming up, attended by intense dark- \n\n\n\n476 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nness, precluded further pursuit. The men who committed this rob- \n])er3\'^ were Jim Jackson, John West, of Mexico, and Wm. W. Martin, \nof Callaway, and another, name unknown. \n\nSURRENDER OF JIM JACKSON\'S BAND. \n\nEarly in June, 1865, the bottom having fallen out of the Rebellion, \nnegotiations were entered upon looking to the surrender of the band \nof bushwhackers under Capts. Jim Jackson and Wm. Stephens, and \non Tuesday, the 13th of the month, they were consummated, and, by \norder of Gov. Fletcher, were permitted to surrender to Capt. H. N\xc2\xbb \nCook at " Camp Switzler " at the Fair Grounds, near Columbia, on \ntaking the amnesty oath, giving up their horses and arms, each being \npermitted to leave the State. About 11 o\'clock on that day, Capt. \nJackson marched in his men under a flag of truce, and the following \nsurrendered : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. James Jackson, formerly of Texas, then of Bourbon County, Ky., where he was \nraised. \n\n2. Wm. M. Stephens, Randolph County, Mo. \n\n3. Wm. S. Farley, Giles County, Tenn. \n\n4. John West, Mercer County, Mo. ; formerly of Audrain County. \n\n5. Barton J. Ramsej\'-, Montgomery County, Mo. \n\n6. Wm. W. Hill (son of Marcus Hill), Boone County, Mo. \n\n7. James R. Mayfield, Newton County, Mo. \n\n8. Sam\'l H. Nunnelly, Bowie County, Texas. \n\n9. Joel Franklin Ramsey, Callaway County, Mo. \n\n10. Sam\'l T. Rowland, Boone County, Mo. \n\n11. George Spears, Macon County, Mo. \n\n12. Madison Evans, Boone County, Mo. \n\n13. Wm. McCarty, Chariton (formerly of Marion) County, Mo. \n\n14. Abraham D. Rumans, Boone County, Mo. \n\n15. John Mullen, Callaway County, Mo. (Irishman.) \n\n16. Wm. W. Martin, Callaway County, Mo. \n\nCapt. Jackson was gaily attired in Confederate gray pants with a \nblack stripe down the legs, and a richly embroidered shirt. The \nothers were dressed in citizens\' clothes. Each of them had from two \nto four revolvers, which together with fifteen horses and saddles, most \nof them very common, were surrendered to Capt. Cook. Abe Ru- \nmans wore a cane and a crutch in consequence of a wound in the left \nthigh received in February. Three of the party, Jackson, Martin, \nand one other whose name has escaped us, acknowledged to have aided \nin the robbery of Major Rollins in the Centralia stage on the 29th \nApril. Jackson got his watch and money, but said he had given the \nwatch to one West, who Avas then in Illinois. Martin exchanged hats \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 477 \n\nwith the Major, but said the hat as well as the Major\'s fine shawl had \nsince been captured by the Federals. The shawl was in the hands \nof Captain Wood Harris, of the Howard County militia, and w^as \nafterwards sent to Eollins. Major Rollins ascertaining that West \nowned a forty acre tract of land in Linn County, brought a civil \naction against him for the value of the watch, obtained a judg- \nment, sold the land under execution, and recovered the value of the \nwatch. \n\nJackson and Farley did not live long to enjoy their liberty, for the \nweek after their surrender and release they were caught by, citizens of \nAudrain near Spencerburg, Pike County, and brought to Santa Fe, \nMonroe County. A squad of Capt. Mitchell\'s " Tigers," from Mex- \nico, were sent to Santa Fe to ascertain who they were (for their citi- \nzen captors did not know them), and they were recognized as Jackson \nand Farley. A citizen went with the squad who knew Jackson was \nthe man who robbed him and murdered Mark Young. Both of the \nbushwhackers were killed. \n\nFOURTH or JULY IN BOONE, 1865 MILITIA MUSTERING BARBECUES, \n\nPICNICS, SPEECHES, ETC. REUNION OF THE PEOPLE. \n\nThe Fourth of July, 1865, was a glorious day in Boone County, \nand was observed extensively after the manner of the olden time be- \nfore the afiections of the people were alienated by the late unhapj)y \nand disastrous war. \n\nSo lively was the interest manifested by the people, so thorough \ntheir " union of hearts and hands," that a stranger would have \nscarcely discovered that any \' \' root of bitterness \' \' had ever distracted \ntheir councils or alienated the bonds which hitherto bound them \ntogether. The whole county was in patriotic communion, celebrat- \ning the anniversary of the nation\'s Independence. \n\nThere were musters of militia at several places in accordance with \nprevious public announcement. At many of these places there were \nbarbecues, picnics, speaking, etc. At Riggs\'s, five miles northeast \nof Columbia, a splendid picnic was prepared, which was attended \nby quite a large concourse of people. The orators of the occasion \nwere T. B. Gentry, W. F. Switzler, and \'Squire Turner, who ad- \ndressed a large audience beneath an arbor subsequently used for \ndancing. \n\nAt Rockbridge Mills (or McConathy\'s), there was a great outpour- \ning of the people. A barbecue was prepared and the people assem- \n\n\n\n478 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbled on a shady plat of ground where was erected a stand for the \nspeakers, which was surrounded by an abundance of beuches for \nseating the audience. Lewis M. Switzler read the Declaration of In- \ndependence accompanying the same with a speech. He was followed \nin a speech by Maj. A. J. Harbison. Finally music was rendered \nand dancing was carried on in the perfection of the art. The occa- \nsion passed off delightfully, every comfort and arrangement necessary \nfor enjoyment having been provided for by Mr. James McConathy \nand other people living in the vicinity. \n\nAt Lynn Spring, in " Terrapin Neck," was prepared a sumptuous \npicnic and a very large crowd was in attendance. The people were \naddressed by John W. Harris and Gen. S. B. Hatton. Dancing was \nalso conducted. \n\nGreenland, in Perche township, was also a place of interest \xe2\x80\x94 a gen- \neral picnic with plenty to eat. Speeches were made to a large and \nattentive audience by Maj. Stephen Wilhite and Judge Strong. \n\nAt Hallsville the people were addressed by Edw. Haley and Judge \nJ. W. Hall and others. The Declaration of Independence was read by \nAlf. M. Duncan, of Columbia, now of Fulton. The young people \nenjoyed themselves in the dance, and the occasion passed off finely, \nthe best order prevailing. \n\nPicnics were held at several other places, but we have no report \nfrom them. \n\nCAPT. cook\'s company RELIEVED \xe2\x80\x94 THE MILITARY OCCUPATION OF \n\nCOLUMBIA SUMMARIZED. \n\n[From the Columbia Statesman, August 4, 1865.] \n\nOn Friday morning, December 21, 1861, Lieut.-Colonel Morse, with a detachment of the \n22d Missouri Infantry, Col. J. D. Foster, left this place for Centralia, the editor of this paper \nand Colonel Francis T. Kussell accompanying them for considerations of personal safety. \nColumbia was without Federal troops for one week \xe2\x80\x94 until Friday evening, December 27, \n1861, when Capt. John Welker, of Birge\'s Sharpshooters, Infantry, arrived with about 200 \nmen and took up quarters in the State University. On Sunday night, December 29th, \nCapt. Welker left for Sturgeon, and Columbia was again without Federal troops until the \nfollowing evening, Monday, December 30, when Col. John M. Glover, 3d Missouri Cavalrj\', \naccompanied by Col. Birge, came in with 230 men and left the following evening, Decem- \nber 31. From Tuesday to Thursday evening, January 2d, 1862, Columbia was without \nUnion troops, when Col. Merrill arrived with a large portion of his regiment. Not a day \nsince December 31, 1861 \xe2\x80\x94 January 2, 1862 \xe2\x80\x94 until Tuesday last, August 1, 1865, three years \nand seven months, has our town been without the presence of Union soldiers of some kind. \nOn Monday, Capt. Cook\'s company of Boone county militia was relieved from duty, leav- \ning " Camp Switzler " to take care of itself. There is not a Union soldier on duty in the \ncounty; and what is better still, no necessity for their services, for all is peace and safety \nonce more. Let us thank God, take courage, and move vigorously onward ! \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 479\' \n\nRAILEOAD AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. \n\nSoon after the close of the civil war, the people of Boone county \ncommenced the agitation of the subject of the construction of a rail- \nroad from Columbia to some point on the North Missouri Kailroad in \nthis county, and the location in Columbia of the Agricultural Colleo-e. \nDuring the October fair, a citizens\' meeting was held at the fair \ngrounds to take these subjects into consideration. The meeting was \ncalled to order by Col. Switzler, on whose motion Elder T. M. Allen \nwas elected to preside. On motion of Col. F. T. Eussell, Gen. Odon \nGuitar and Col. M. G. Singleton, were chosen vice-presidents, and \nJohn M. Samuel and W. F. Switzler, secretaries. \n\nAfter brief remarks by the president, Thomas C. Fletcher, Gov- \nernor of the State, and Isaac H. Sturgeon, president of the North \nMissouri Railroad, addressed the people on the subject the rail- \nroad, and President J. H. Lathrop, spok6 on the subject of the \ncollege. \n\nAfter the adjournment of the meeting the corporators named in the \ncharter of the Boone County and Jefferson City Railroad Company, \nintroduced in the Legislature 1S56-7 by Col. Switzler, held a session \nand organized by electing J. L. Stephens, President; W. F. Switzler, \nSecretary, and Moss Prewitt, Treasurer ; who were instructed at once \nto open books for the subscription of stock. \n\nThis meeting was the beginning of the end, for it inaugurated a \nmovement which finally resulted in the building of the railroad and \nthe location of the colles^e. \n\n\n\nSOLDIERS\' RECORD. \n\n[The publishers desired to give the name of every soldier from \nBoone county who served on either the Confederate or Union side \nduring the civil war, and to this end made every reasonable effort to \nobtain them. The attempt, however, was a failure. There are no \nofficial records accessible of the Confederate soldiers , and but few of \nthe Federals, The number of men from Boone county who were \nactual soldiers amounted to about 500 on either side, but only the \nnames that follow were obtained. Many names could have been fur- \nnished, and were promised, but those possessing them failed to hand \nthem in. Both ex-Confederate and ex-Federal officers were written \n\n\n\n480 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nand requested to furnish information, but they refused to respond. \nThe publishers have done the best thej could.] \n\nFEDERAL SOLDIERS. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY B, NINTH CATALRY, M. S. M. \n\n\n\nCommissioned Officers. \n* Captain James A. Adanis. 1st Lieut. John C. Wilcox. \n\nNon-Cjommissioned Officers. \n1st Serg. Marcellus A. Nichols, 6th Serg. John C. Bucher, \n2d " Joseph Lukens, 7th " R. F. Berkebile. \n\n3d " Hezekiah Brown, IstCorp. F. M, G-reenstreet, \n4th " John Harrison, 2d " H. T. Goodwin, \n\n5th " Wm. O. Blanchard, 3d " Benj. Weddle, \n\n\n\n1 2d Lieut. C. F. Berkebile. \n\n4th Corp. A. G. H. Little, \n5th " John "W. Brown, \n6th " George W. Little, \n7th " Geo. W. Goodman. \nBlacksmith, W. T. Jones. \n\n\n\nJohn Bolander, \nJ. P. Berkebile, \nCoulby Bush, \nMarion F. Clardy, \nBenj. F. Clardy, \nRobert Coleman, \n"Wm. Coleman, \nThomas Dewire, \n\n\n\nFrancis Daily, \nSamuel C. Davis, \nRobert Gallop, \nWm. GrindstaiF, \nJames Grindstaif, \nEli B. Gabbard, \nFrancis Hayden, \nGeo. W. Harryman, \n\n\n\nSergt. C. F. Berkebile, to accept promotion. \nPrivate Wm. Blackburn, by special order. \nBlacksmith Thos. Doling, by special order. \nSergt. W. H. Fargens, to accept promotion. \nCorp. Elijah M. Friend, for disability. \nPriv. Jas. Goodwin, by order Gov. Gamble. \n\n" W. Goodwin, for leg lost at Ivirksville. \nSergt. C. H. Gordon, to accept promotion. \nPriv. Samuel A. Garth, to accept promotion. \n\n" Daniel Houck, for disability. \n\n" Jeptha Haden, by order of Governor. \n\n" A. J. Harbison, " " " \n\n\n\nPrivates. \n\nJohn M. Johnson, George F. Shults, \n\nPerry C. Jeffry, Wm. Senor, \n\nNathaniel Little, Paul Vamer, \n\nJames Madden, Wm. Vaughn, \n\nElvis Nichols, John A. White, \n\nJohn O\'Brien, John A. Wheeler, \n\nReuben Rater, Wm. H. Wheeler, \nValentine Shoemaker, John Galatly. \n\nDischarged. \n\nPriv. Squire Holenbeck, by order of Governor. \n\n" Wm. Judd, " " " " " \n\n" Amos Judy, " " " " \n\n" J. G. Jamison, promoted to 2d Lieut. \n\n" Edward Kirsky, for disability. \n\n" Benj. F. Miller, " \n\n" James Miller, " " \n\n" John Peters, " " \n\n" Cummings Scaggs, " \n\n" John Scaggs, " " \n\nCorp. Wm. Gamble, " " \n\nSergt. J. C. Wilcox, to accept promotion. \n\n\n\nDied. \nSergt. Wm. Bush, killed at Kirksville. Priv. Wm. T. Risk, of disease, Feb. 28, 1862. \n\nPriv. John Claig, of disease, March 16, 1862. " W. R. Scaggs, of disease, March 24, \'62. \n" Jackson Jefferson, shot by court martial. " John Quinn, of disease, May 8, 1868. \nTi^ansferred. \xe2\x80\x94 Corporals Wm. Buchanan and Joseph P. Hays were transferred to the \nnon-commissioned staff; privates Austin Bledsoe and John A. Crane re-enlisted in the 13th \nMissouri Cavalry Volunteers ; private Jacob Sellinger was transferred to Company K, 9th \nM. S. M. \n\nKilled and Wounded. \xe2\x80\x94 The following were the casualities in the company at the battle \nof Kirksville, Aug. 6, 1862 : Sergt. Wm. Bush was killed ; Private Wm. Blackburn was \nshot through the left hand and leg ; Private Wm. Vaugh was slightly wounded in the left \n\n\n\n* Capt. Samuel A. Garth, the first Captain, was promoted to Major, July 10, 1863. \nf J. D. Jamison, 2d Lieutenant, resigned February 16, 1864. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n481 \n\n\n\narm ; Private Wm. Goodwin lost his right leg ; Private John A. Wheeler was severely- \nwounded in the left side ; John O\'Brien and F. M. Haden were slightly wounded in the \nhead, and James Madden was wounded in the right breast. Private John Galatly was \nwounded in the side and in the chin at the battle of Moore\'s Mills. Sergt. Robert Berke- \nbile was severely wounded in the left thigh in a fight with guerrillas on Platte River, Mis- \nsouri, July 2, 1864, and Private John Maddern was severely wounded in the breast in the \nsame fight. Private John A. Wheeler was severely wounded in the side and shoulder in a \nskirmish with the guerrillas in Boone county, October 5, 1864. Sergt. Hezekiah Brown was \nseverely wounded by accident while on a scout, July 30, 1863. Lieut, (afterwards Captain) \nJames A. Adams was thrown agamst a tree and his leg broken, while in skirmish with \nguerrillas, near Germantown, in April, 1862. Private Daniel Houckwas shot in the arm at \nthe same time. \n\nHistorical Memoranda. \xe2\x80\x94 Company B, 9th Cavalry, M. S. M., was organized at Colum- \nbia, February 19, 1862. In the following April it was ordered to Germantown, Boone \ncounty. In June it was ordered back to Columbia. The 9th Regiment was then ordered to \nJefferson City. Company B remained at the capital until in the latter part of July, when \nit took the field in pursuit of Porter and Poindexter, and from thence until in September \nwas actively engaged in scouting through Central Missouri. In September it was ordered to \nColumbia, where it remained about three months. In December it marched to Rolla via \nJefferson City. From Rolla it returned to Columbia in March, 1863. From Columbia it \nwent to Sturgeon in June, 1863, and from thence to St. Joseph, in August following. St. \nJoseph was company headquarters until in November, 1864, although in September and \nNovember of that year it was actively engaged in this part of the State, and some squad- \nrons took part in the pursuit of Bill Anderson after the Centralia affair, and a portion of the \ncompany was taken prisoners at the capture of Glasgow by the Confederates under Gen- \nerals Shelby and Clark, in October, 1864. In November, 1864, the company was ordered to \nMacon City, where it remained until it was mustered out of service, February 27, 1865, \nafter a gallant and meritorious service of three years. \n\n\n\nCapt. Henry N. Cook. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY F, NINTH CAVALRY, M. S. M. \n\nCommissioned Officers. \n\n1st Lieut. Marshall H. Harris. \n\n\n\n1st Sergt., Wm. H. Carr, \n2d " R. A. Dykeman, \n3d " Geo. W. Clardy, \n\n\n\nNon-commissioned Officers. \n4th Sergt., Wm. W. Conger. 2d Corp., Chas. W. Pelsus, \n5th " Jos. Sappington. 4th " James W. Crane, \n6th " Saml. A. Barnett. 5th " Nich. M. Gentry. \n\n\n\nJ. H. C. Bryant, \nJohn Campbell, \nJames D. Duane, \nMartin Devaney, \nElijah Hopper, \nJohn Hutchinson, \n\n\n\nJames Hart, \nJohn Kite, \nWm. F. Lay, \nJ. P. Morrison, \nReuben Perkins, \n\n\n\nPrivates. \n\nJames O. Smith, \nWm. Todd, \nHenry M. Thomas, \nJames H. Tyler, \nStephen Tyler, \n\n\n\nJonathan Perkins, William Tyler, \n\n\n\nJohn T. Tuder, \nJohn H. Wainwright, \nJohn Whetston, \nAndrew Zumalt, \nWm. Engstrom, \nD. P. J.Dozier, saddler. \n\n\n\nPriv. Augustus Henry, for disability. \n\n" Peter Vincent, " \n\n" Nimrod Purman, " \n\n" Thos. E. Brumfield," \n\n" Lackey Devaney, " \n\n" J. M. Hepler, " \n\n," Elisha Loftus, " \n\n31 \n\n\n\nDischarged. \n\nPriv. Sam. H. Thomas, for disability. \n\nCorp. Clinton Tui-ner, " " \n\nPriv. McDonald Welch, gen\'l worthlessness. \n\n" Alex. Stewart, for disability, \n\n" Jos. B. Tuder, " \n\n" A. C. Thomas, for reenlist. 14 Mo. Cav. \n\n" Eli. Register, " " " " " \n\n\n\n482 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nPriv. Jacob Bittle, \n" \'Rich. Prager, \n" Prank Rooney, \n" J ac. F.Powell \n\n\n\nfor reenlist. 14 Mo. Cav, \n\n\n\nPriv. John S. Moody, for disability. \n\n" David Pebley, for gen. worthlessness. \nCorp. John 0. Sener, for disability. \nPriv. John W. Pickle, " \n\nDied. \nPriv. Geo. Hutchinson, of disease. Corp. John R. Blackburn, of disease. \n\nMusician J. R. Baker, kil\'d at Moore\'s Mills. Priv. John W. Gilpin, of disease. \nCorp. J. Haley, mort. wd. at Yellow Creek. Sergt. C. J. Pullen, of disease. \nSergt. Thomas. J. Hern, killed in fight with bushwhackers in Perche Twn., Feb. 12, 1865. \n\nDeserted. \xe2\x80\x94 John W. Newsom, John Sweager, Wm. P. Duane, Charles Dykeman, and \nCarey Bledsoe. \n\nTransferred. \xe2\x80\x94Yfm. B. Hern, to be Q, M. Sergt. of regiment. John Henry proved to- \nbe a slave and was dropped from the rolls by order of Col. Guitar. \n\nCOMPAN\'Y K, NINTH CAVALRY, M. S. M. \n\nCommissioned Officers. \nCaptain, Wm. B. Kemper. 2d Lieut., Carey H. Gordon. \n\nNon-commissianed Officers and Privates. \nEzekiel Smith, Joseph Zumalt, John Samuel, J. D. Hillburn, \n\nThomas Smith, Wm. Barnes, Scott Hickam, Jake Sellinger, \n\nGeorge Sargent, Perry Thrall, A. J. Dill, James Rush, \n\nDaniel Zumalt, John Rubison, Cyrus Turner, Ballinger Smith. \n\nWounded. \xe2\x80\x94 Capt. W. B. Kemper was ambushed by guerrillas on\'Fishing River, in Clay \ncounty, in the fall of 1864, and badly wounded in the thigh. John Rudison was shot in the \nbowels at the same time. \n\nEngagements, etc. \xe2\x80\x94 This company took part in the engagements at Newton, Kirksville, \nand other fights while in pursuit of Porter and Poindexter, and in numerous skirmishes \nwith guerrillas and bushwhackers in Western Missouri. On one occasion, while a squad \nunder Lieut. Carey H. Gordon was beating up the bush in the southern part of Clay county, \na band of guerrillas was encountered in a thicket at dinner. One of the guerrillas was Jesse \nJames, afterward the noted bandit and robber. In the skirmish that ensued the guerrillas \nwere routed, and Jesse James had a finger shot ofl". \n\n\n\nSIXTY-FIRST REGIMENT ENROLLED MISSOURI MILITIA ROSTER. \n\nThis regiment was composed almost wholly, if not entirely, of \nBoone Conuty men. The following is the roster of the commissioned \nofficers of the regiment. Names of non-commissioned officers and \nprivates cannot now be learned : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nDate of \nCommission. \n\n\nName. \n\n\nRank. \n\n\nAccounted For. \n\n\nDate. \n\n\nDec. 15, 1862 \nSept.25, 1863 \nDec. 15, 1862 \nDec. 15, 1862 \nDec. 15, 1862 \nDec. 15, 1862 \nMar. ^7 1863 \n\n\nJoseph B. Douglass... \n\nLewis P. Miller \n\nFrancis T. Russell.... \n\nLewis P. Miller \n\nFrank D. Evans \n\nRobert G. Lyell \n\nPaul Hubbard \n\n\nColonel... \nColonel. \nLt. Col. \n\nMajor \n\nAdjutant. \nQ. M. \nSurgeon.. \nSurgeon. \n\n\nPromoted to Brig. Gen \n\n\nSept. 1, 1863 \nSept. 2.5, 1863 \nApr. 13,1863 \n\n\nCom. A. Sur. 1 Pro. Reg.... \n\n\nJuly 3, 1868 \n\n\nPaul Hubbard \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n48a \n\n\n\nCOMPANY A. \n\n\n\nDate of \nCommission. \n\n\nName. \n\n\nRank. \n\n\nAccounted For. \n\n\nDate. \n\n\nOct. 21, 1862 \n\n\nLewis P. Miller \n\nHubbard Williams... \nHubbard Williams... \nThomas J. Arnold ... \nJohn Gr. Strode \n\n\nCaptain... \nCaptain... \n1st Lieut. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut.. \n\n\nPromoted to Major \n\n\nOct. 21, 1862 \n\n\nJan. 13, 1863 \nOct. 21, 1862 \nJan. 13, 1863 \nOct. 21, 1862 \n\n\nPromoted to Captain. \n\n\n\n\n\nCOMPANY B. \n\n\n\nOct. 15, 1862 David Guitar \n\nOct. 15, 1862 SanfordT. Connelly.. \nOct. 15, 1862 I Wm. T. Anderson... \n\n\n\nCaptain... \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut.. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY C. \n\n\n\nOct. 21, 1862 \nMar. 31, 1863 \nOct. 21, 1862 \nMar. 31, 1863 \nOct. 21, 1862 \n\n\n\nWirt W. Samuel.. \nSamuel M. Cully.., \nSamuel M. Cully.. \nMiles J. Henley. .. \nOverton E. Harris., \n\n\n\nCaptain... \nCaptain. \n1st Lieut. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\nKesigned., \n\n\n\nPromoted to Captain. \n\n\n\nMar. 13, 1863 \nMar. 26, 1863 \n\n\n\nCOMPANY D. \n\n\n\nOct. 15, 1862 \nOct. 15, 1862 \nOct. 15, 1862 \n\n\n\nJames M. Ellis \n\nJohn L. Hickman. \nThomas M. Field.. \n\n\n\nCaptain. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY E. \n\n\n\nOct. \n\n\n21, \n\n\n1862 \n\n\nOct. \n\n\n21, \n\n\n1862 \n\n\nOct. \n\n\n21, \n\n\n1862 \n\n\n\nTyre G-. Harris... \n\nJohn Q. Orr \n\nJames T. Harris. \n\n\n\nCaptain. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY F. \n\n\n\nOct. 15, 1862 \nApr. 9, 1863 \nOct. 15, 1862 \nOct. 15, 1862 \n\n\n\nJames D. Patten... \nWilliam Hunter... \n\nJohn A. Fisher \n\nWilliam Seymore. \n\n\n\nCaptain... \nCaptain. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\n\nJan. 30, 1863 \n\n\n\nCOMPANY G. \n\n\n\nNov. 28, 1862 \nNov. 28, 1862 \nNov. 28, 1862 \n\n\n\nMartin E. Swift.., \nKichard Phillips . \nGarland M. Sims. \n\n\n\nCaptain. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY H. \n\n\n\nNov. 28, 1862 \nNov. 28, 1862 \nNov. 28, 1862 \n\n\n\nB. P. Eitchie \n\nP. H. Owings.... \nF. F. Sheppard. \n\n\n\nCaptain. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY L \n\n\n\nJan. 17, 1863 \nJan. 17, 1863 \nJan. 17, 1863 \n\n\n\nJoseph J. Sterne \nK. E. Sappington. \nW. T. Sapp.. ...... \n\n\n\nCaptain. \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\nCOMPANY K. \n\n\n\nJan. 21, 1863 \nJan. 21, 1863 \nJan. 21, 1863 \n\n\n\nJohn W. Rollins. \n\nA. H. Conley \n\nJoshua Fenton.... \n\n\n\nApril 6, 1863 \n\n\n\n\nCaptain.., \n1st Lieut. \n2d Lieut. \n\n\n\n484 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nCONFEDERATE SOLDIERS. \n\n[The name of every Boone county man that wore the gray would here appear if it had \nbeen possible to learn it. Information was solicited from every source, blanks furnished to \nthose deemed best posted, to be filled up with the names of Boone county Confederates, but \nall efforts produced the most meagre and unsatisfactory results. Letters were written, to \nmany and unresponded to. The publishers desire to thank Col. Eli Hodge, of Columbia, \nfor names furnished, and Capt. M. G. Corlew, of Dripping Springs, for the following roll of \nhis company, made up from memory] : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCAPT. M. G. CORLEW\'S COMPANY, MISSOURI STATE GUARD. \n\nCommissioned Officers. \n\nCaptain, Mastin G. Corlew. 1st Lieut, James Winn. 2d Lieut., Amos Onan (died.) \n\n\'Non-commissioned Offi,cers and Privates. \n\n\n\nJonathan Winn, \nSanford Reed, \nJames Alexander, \nHenry Batterton, \nSaul Robinson, \nJames Barnes, \nJohn Toalson, \nJohn Burks, \n\n\n\nRiley Brown, \nJackson Rumans, \nThomas Robinson, \nThomas Toalson, \nWm. Holton, \nSamuel Shryock, \nB. Shackleford, \nJohn Onan, \n\n\n\nBuck Tribble, \nEdward Waller, \nJ. M. Forshay, \nW. T. Toalson, \nJ. H. Parmer, \nMilton Shryock, \nDr. James Gosline, \n\n\n\nJames Bratton (died). \nGeorge Alexander. \nWm. Forshay, \nCharles Burks, \nT. B. Wade, \nJames Toalson, \nS. P. Kemper. \n\n\n\nMemoranda \xe2\x80\x94 This company took part in the destruction of the North Missouri Railroad \nat and near Sturgeon, and was in the Riggs Run Fight the next day. Here Thos. Toalson, \nJames Toalson, and John Onan were killed, and Beverly Shackelford wounded. It after- \nward crossed the river and joined Price\'s army. \n\nCOMPANY C, NINTH MISSOURI INFANTRY, C. S. A. \n\nComm,issioned Officers. \nCaptain M. G. Corlew. 2d Lieut., Al. Evans (died). 3d Lieut., Wm. Clayton. \n\nNon-comm,issioned Offiicers and Privates.- \n\nThomas Evans, Wash Buckler, Thos. Hubbard, Clayton, \n\nHoward Evans, Mountville Rose, Jesse Baker,* Sim. Cannon, \n\nJack Robinson, James White, James Baker,* T. B. Wade, \n\nThos. Bailey, Wm. Lawrence, Thomas Baker,* Wm. Brink, \n\nJames Johnson, Marion White, John Baker,* John Rumans, \n\nAdam Colly, Samuel Miller, Turner Baker,* Owen Rollins. \n\nRichard Slaughter, The three Morris bros. \n\nMemoranda \xe2\x80\x94 This company was first organized for Poindexter\'s regiment, but was af- \nterwards mustered into the Ninth Missouri Infantry, Col. John B. Clark. It took part in \nmany hard-fought battles in Arkansas and the Southwest. \n\nmaxwell\'s COMPANY, WILLIAMS\' REGIMENT, JOE SHELBY\'S DIVISION OF CAVALRY. \n\nCojnmissioned Officers. \nCaptain, John H. H. Maxwell. 2d Lieut., James H. Lowrey. \n\nNon-comtnissioned Officers and Privates. \nRobert H. Douglass, B. H. Hudson, T. J. Smith, S. D. Cochran, \n\nJoseph Douglass, H. G. Hudson, T. H. Benton, D. H. Cook, \n\nB. Williamson, W. Robinson, James Robinson, James Ogan, \n\nThomas Barrett, Sam. Dysart, N. Watson, James 0. Maxwell, \n\n\n\n* The Bakers were all brothers. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 485 \n\nJohn Colman, Swead Hudson, E. Lyons, P. Eumans, \n\nN. Colman, Claxton, James Lyons, James Harris, \n\nA. Chittenden, S. Richard, Scott Jacobs, John Morton, \n\nJames McQuitty, F. M. McQuitty, Oldham. L. McQueen, \n\nThomas McQuitty, Thomas Westlake, \n\nThis company was mainly recruited in the fall of 1864, by Col Eli Hodge, who was after- \nward lieutenant colonel of the regiment to which it belonged. It went out at the time of \nPrice\'s raid, but many of its members had seen service of some sort in the Confederate \ncause previously. \n\nBOONE COUNTY COMPANIES IN THE M. S. G. \n\nAt the breaking out of the civil war several companies were formed in Boone county \nagainst the Federal authority, and their services tendered to Grov. Claib. Jackson. They \nwere accepted and became a portion of the Missouri State Guard ("M. S. G."). The first \ncompany was commanded by John M. Samuel, and went from Columbia to Boonville a \nfew days before the " Eaces " at the latter place. Some of the members entered for the \naforesaid "races," and, as reported, made an excellent record for speed! Being sheriff of \nthe county at the time and under a heavy bond, which he feared might be forfeited,. \n"Captain " Samuel returned home in a few days, and was soon after followed by several of \nhis comrades. \n\nIn August, 1861, several companies were formed, under Cols. McKinney, Singleton and \nPeacher, and went south to Gen. Price\'s army. Of the organization of these companies into \na battalion, Capt. M. G. Corlew says: "The battle of Dry wood was fought September 2d \n(7th), 1861. A day or two afterward, while we were camped on the prairie west of Dry- \nwood, the battalion to which we belonged was organized. M. G. Singleton was elected \nlieutenant-colonel, and Quin. Peacher elected major. The captains of the companies con- \nstituting the battalion were : F. FuUenwider, James Watson, Sam. Tuttle, M. G. Corlew, \nand then thei\'e was Peacher\'s company, whose commander I do not remember. From Dry- \nwood we went to Lexington. After the surrender of Mulligan, and I think about September \n28, we were organized into a regiment, the battalion being first dissolved. Harvey G. \nMcKinney was elected colonel ; M. G. Singleton, lieutenant-colonel ; and Quin. Peacher, \nmajor. The company commanders were: Wm. Clarkson, Ab. Hicks, Eobert Maupin, \n\nStrode, Sam. Tuttle, James Watson, P. FuUenwider, Dick Carter (probably), and \n\nwhoever was in command of Peacher\'s old company." \n\nThis regiment was the 4th Eegiment, 3d Division (Gen. John B. Clark), M. S. G. In the \nwinter of 1861-62 the majority of the men re-enlisted \xe2\x80\x94 this time in the regular Confederate \nservice. \n\n\n\n486 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XII, \n\nFROM 1866 TO 1870. \n\nSubsidence of Civil War \xe2\x80\x94 Kailroad Projects \xe2\x80\x94 Convention of Callaway and Boone Dele- \ngates in Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Discussion of the Martinsburg-Columbia Proposition \xe2\x80\x94 Its Fail- \nure \xe2\x80\x94 Monster Petition to the Boone County Court \xe2\x80\x94 Subscriptions to Boone County \nKail and Turnpike Roads \xe2\x80\x94 Ceremony of "Breaking Ground" for the Railroad \xe2\x80\x94 First \nRailroad Convention in the State \xe2\x80\x94 North Missouri Railroad Incorporated \xe2\x80\x94 "Boone \nCounty and Jefferson City Railroad" \xe2\x80\x94 Public Meeting to Endorse President Andrew- \nJohnson \xe2\x80\x94 Registration and Election \xe2\x80\x94 Test Oath for Voters \xe2\x80\x94 Disfranchisement and \nExcitement \xe2\x80\x94 Militia Enrollment in 1867 \xe2\x80\x94 Cook v. Woodson\xe2\x80\x94 A Writ of Quo War- \nranto Isssued against the Latter \xe2\x80\x94 Judge Woodson\'s Death ends the Case \xe2\x80\x94 Cook Ap- \npointed County Clerk \xe2\x80\x94 Registration of 1868- \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. Grant Carries the County \xe2\x80\x94 Names \n\xe2\x96\xa0of Accepted Voters \xe2\x80\x94 Louisiana and Missouri River Railroads \xe2\x80\x94 Bond Elections in \nMissouri, Columbia, Perche and Rocky Fork Townships \xe2\x80\x94 Legal Complications in Re- \ngard to the Bonds of the Two Latter \xe2\x80\x94A Compromise. \n\n\n\nELECTION RETURNS. \n\n* Those thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nNOVEMBER, 1866. \n\nSTATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS. \n\nJohn F.Williams, (C.) 681 \n\n*T. A. Parker (R.) 135 \n\nWilliams\' majority 497 \n\nCONGRESS. \n\nWm. F. Switzler (C.) 636 \n\n*G. W. Anderson (R.) 178 \n\nSwitzler\'s majority 458 \n\nSTATE SENATOR. \n\nJ. A. Hockaday (C.) 615 \n\n*Paul Hubbard (R.) 166 \n\nHockaday\'s majority 479 \n\nHOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES. \n\n[First District, one to be elected.] \n\n*James S. Rollins (C.) 308 \n\nJohn B. Allison (R.) 82 \n\nWm. Leach, Jr., (C.) 12 \n\nJohn G. Shellnutt, (C.) 9 \n\nRoUins\'s majority over Allison 226 \n\n[Second District, one to be elected.] \n\n^Rollins Lyman (0.) 321 \n\nJ. J.. Blair (R.) 81 \n\nLyman\'s majority 240 \n\n\n\nCOUNTY COURT JUDGES. \n\n[Three to be elected.] \n\n*James Harris 618 \n\n*John W. Hall 423 \n\n*James Arnold 321 \n\nJames W. Daly 308 \n\nDavid Gordon 234 \n\nJohn Berkebile 191 \n\nJ. E. Crosswhite 228 \n\nCIRCUIT COURT CLERK. \n\n*John M. Samuel 552 \n\nRobert L.Todd 268 \n\nSamuel\'s majority 284 \n\nCOUNTY COURT CLERK. \n\n*Warren Woodson 866 \n\nH. W. Cook 251 \n\nJoseph B. Douglass 200 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*James C. Orr 605 \n\nJohn F.Baker 220 \n\nOrr\'s majoritj^ 385 \n\nCOUNTY TREASURER. \n\n*R. B.Price 595 \n\nJ. H. Waugh 169 \n\nPrice\'s majority 426 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n487 \n\n\n\nEiiBCTiON RETUENS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nCOUNTY ASSESSOR. \n\n*J. W. Hickam 220 \n\nM. H.Harris 189 \n\nH. P. Potts 4 \n\nJ. C. Gillaspie 162 \n\nJames Lampton 145 \n\nMiles J. Henley 99 \n\nSUPERVISOR OF REGISTRATION". \n\n^Jefferson Garth (C.) 678 \n\nIsaac T. Jeffrey (K.) 146 \n\nGarth\'s majority 532 \n\nCOUNTY SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. \n\n*Jaraes A. Henderson 480 \n\nH. H. Gray 158 \n\nW. T. Oreari 13 \n\nE. G. T. Pvoss 60 \n\nCORONER. \n\n*T. J. Gillaspie ,. 646 \n\nH. C. Schwabe 112 \n\nGillaspie\'s majority 534 \n\nNOVEMBER 3d, 1868. \n\nELECTION EOR PRESIDENT, 1868. \n\n*U. S. Grant (E.) 177 \n\nHoratio Seymour (D.) - 171 \n\nGrant\'s majority over Seymour 6 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE IN CONGRESS. \n\nWm. p. Switzler 195 \n\n*D. P.Dyer 158 \n\nSwitzler\'s majority 42 \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\nJohn S. Phelps 204 \n\n*Joseph W. McClurg 148 \n\nPhelps\'s majority 56 \n\nSENATOR. \n\n*James S. Rollins 218 \n\nL. M. Conklin 108 \n\nRollins\' majority 105 \n\nREPRESENTATIVES IN LEGISLATURE. \n\nThomas M. Allen 70 \n\n*Francis T, Russell 79 \n\nSamuel Henly 52 \n\nJohn Finlay 88 \n\n*Tyre Harris 99 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*Frank D. Evans 257 \n\nOliver Keyser 84 \n\nEvans\'s majority 168 \n\n\n\nCOUNTY\' JUDGE. \n\n*James Harris (D.) 206 \n\nJohn Berkebile (R.) 13T \n\nHarris\'s majority 69 \n\nCIRCUIT JUDGE. \n\n*George H. Burckhart (D.) 217 \n\nA. P. Denny (R.) 127 \n\nBurckhart\'s majority ,.. 90 \n\nCIRCUIT ATTORNEY. \n\n*JohnH. Overall (D.) Ill \n\nBoliver S. Head (D.) 41 \n\nJ. R. Christian (D.) 1 \n\nS. C. Major (D.) 11 \n\nJ. W. Barron (R.). 115 \n\nCOUNTY TREASURER. \n\n*R. B. Price (D.) 206 \n\nLafayette Hume ^ 186 \n\nPrice\'s majority 70 \n\nCOUNTY ASSESSOR. \n\n*John C. Conley (D.) 221 \n\nS. M. Culley(R.) 52 \n\nH. C. Schwabe (R.) 28 \n\nPUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR. \n\n*John Ellis (D.) 177 \n\nPaul Hubbard (R.) Ill \n\nEllis\'s majority 66 \n\nCOUNTY SURVEYOR. \n\n*R. C. Dyson (D.) 208 \n\nH. E. Clough (R.) 129 \n\nDyson\'s majority 79 \n\nSCHOOL COMMISSIONER. \n\n*C. W. Masterson (D.) 213 \n\nWm. Helper (R.) 117 \n\nMasterson\'s majority 96 \n\nCORONER. \n\n*Thos. J. Gillaspy, Sr , 192 \n\nLewis Sharp 145 \n\nGillaspy\'s majority 47 \n\nSUPERVISOR OF REGISTRATION. \n\n*Lewis M. Switzler 169 \n\nWm. Seymour 180 \n\nSwitzler\'s majority 89 \n\nSUFFRAGE AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITU- \nTION. \n\nAgainst striking out the woi-d " white " 278 \nPer striking out the word "white " 68 \n\nMajority against negro suffrage 210 \n\n\n\nJ Was not a candidate. \n\n\n\n488 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe subsidence of civil war and the inauguration of practical peace \nwitnessed the return of the. j)eople of Boone county to their usual \navocations, and to the jjrojection of new enterprises for the promotion \nof their best interests. Among those of a public character were the \nbuilding of a railway from Columbia to some point on the North Mis- \nsouri Railroad at New Florence, Martinsburg, Mexico, Centralia or \nSturgeon ; and the location in Columbia of the Agricultural College. \nOf the difficulties they encountered and overcome in regard to the \nlatter, and of their final triumph, we have spoken at length in another \nchapter. \n\nTo forward the railroad project a portion of the citizens of Boone \nmet in Columbia on Monday, January 1, 1866, for the purpose of \nappointing delegates to a railroad convention, proposed by the people \nof Callaway, to be held in Columbia, on Monday, January 8, 1866. \nHenry Keene was chosen chairman of the meeting and J. H. Waugh^ \nsecretary. Major Rollins explained its object, and on his motion the \nfollowing resolution was adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, A convention of the citizens of Montgomery, Callaway, Boone and Howard \ncounties having been proposed to consider the feasibility of building a railroad, commenc- \ning at Florence, on the North Missouri Railroad, and passing through the county seats of \nthe above named counties, and to strike some point on the Missouri River in the vicinity of \nGlasgow ; and whereas, Callaway county having appointed delegates to meet in Columbia \non the 8th inst., to confer with such delegates as might be appointed on the part of the other \ncounties : \n\nResolved, That the following named persons be, and the same are hereby appointed as \ndelegates, on the part of Boone county \xe2\x80\x94 to represent its citizens in the proposed convention \nat the time specified, namely, the Directors of the " Boone County and Jefferson City Rail- \nroad Company," to wit: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nD. H. Hickman, J. S. Rollins, R. L. Todd, William H. Bass, S. F. Conley, James Harris, \nM. G. Singleton, James H. Waugh, Henry Keene. \n\nAnd the following named citizens : Wm. F. Switzler, James L. Stephens, John F. Baker, \nJoseph B. Douglass, M. S. Matthews, John M. Samuel, Moss Prewitt, G. C. Pratt, W, T. \nHickman, David Guitar, John W. Harris, Henry Tumy, J. F. Clayton, Dr. C. D. Chandler* \n\nThe convention was held accordingly ; Joseph Flood, of Callaway, \npresident ; W. F. Switzler, of Boone, secretary. A general discus- \nsion of the proposed enterprise ensued, during which speeches were \nmade by Thos. B. Harris, Henry Larrimore and John A. Hockaday, \nof Callaway, and W. F. Switzler, D. H. Hickman, James L. Stephens, \nF. T. Russell, Geo. C. Swallow, W. T. Hickman, John W. Harris \nand Milton S. Matthews, of Boone. \n\nMr. Harris, of Callaway, moved that the president appoint a com- \nmittee of five to prepare and report a charter, naming in it the corpo- \nrators in each county, and that this meeting adjourn subject to the call \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 489 \n\nof said committee, which was adopted and the following gentlemen \nappointed: Thomas B. Harris and John A. Hockaday, of Callaway, \nand Wm. F. Switzler, D. H. Hickman and John W. Harris, of Boone. \n\nThis, we believe, was the last ever heard of the proposition ; and, \ntherefore, the people of Boone, determined to have a railroad, pro- \nceeded to adopt measures to build the one projected by themselves, \nand without the aid of any other county. \n\nThe charter of the road (hitherto noticed) introduced into the \nLegislature by Col. Switzler in 1856-7, having empowered the County \nCourt to subscribe to its capital stock, either with or without submit- \nting the question to a vote of the people, it was resolved that the fol- \nlowing petition be circulated for signatures : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTo the Honorable the County Court of Boone County : \n\nThe undersigned, citizens and tax payers, believing that a system of improved roads would \nadd much to the value of property, and the general interest of the count}\', respectfully \npetition the court to provide means, by sale of county bonds, or in such other -w&j as may \nbe deemed expedient, for having graded and turnpiked or gravelled four roads ; one from \nColumbia to the North Missouri Railroad, one to Rocheport, one to Olaysville by way of \nAshland, and one to the Callaway line, in the direction of Fulton. Or, if deemed best by \nthe court, to aid in making the first named a railroad to the amount it would cost to build \na turnpike. \n\nThis petition was signed with astonishing unanimity, and up to its \npresentation to the County Court, on Wednesday, February 7, 1866, \nabout fifteen hundred citizens, comprising not only a majority of the \nvoters, but at least two-thirds in interest of the tax-payers of the \ncounty had signed it. \n\nAt 1 o\'clock, therefore, on that day this monster petition was pre- \nsented to our County Court, in the presence of a large assembly of \nthe people, by D. H. Hickman, the president of the railroad company, \nwith the request that the court make substantially this order : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nTwo hundred thousand dollars in county bonds to aid in the construction of a railroad \nfrom Columbia to the North Missouri Railroad, provided the railroad company raise an \nadditional amount sufficient to complete the road in running order; and one hundred and \nfifty thousand dollars in bonds to aid in the construction of a turnpike from Columbia west \nto Rocheport, from Columbia east to the county line, and from Columbia south to Clays- \nville by the way of Ashland. \n\nA most respectful and patient hearing was given by a full bench of \njudges \xe2\x80\x94 James W. Daly, David Gordon and John Berkebile \xe2\x80\x94 while \nthe merits of the proposition were elaborately discussed, the following \ngentlemen in speeches urging the appropriation, namely : D. H. Hick- \nman, James L. Stephens, Odon Guitar, J. S. Rollins and W. F. \nSwitzler \xe2\x80\x94 John W. Harris in speeches opposing it. \n\n\n\n490 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe Court made the order unanimously \xe2\x80\x94 thus securing the com- \npletion of the railroad from Columbia to the North Missouri, and three \nturnpike roads on the lines mentioned. \n\nOn March 9 and 10, 1866, the directors of the North Missouri \nRailroad held a meeting in St. Louis which was attended by Mr. Hick- \nman, the president of the Columbia Branch, and by J. S. Rollins and \nR. L. Todd, directors, and a contract was made to secure the building \nof the road. \n\nGeo. C. Pratt, engineer, commenced the survey on Monday, March \n12, 1866. \n\nCEREMONY OF \' \' BREAKING GROUND . \' \' \n\nOn May 2d the board entered into a contract with Joseph and \nJames Kelley, of St. Louis, to build the road, and on Monday, \nMay 21, 1866, the ceremony of breaking ground occurred in Colum- \nbia before a large concourse of people, male and female. \n\nThe contractors of the road, James and Joseph Kelley, both of whom \nwere present, and George C. Pratt, the engineer, selected the place \nfor breaking ground, at an eligible point in the grass lot south of Mr. \nMcAlester\'s residence, northeast of town. At the appointed hour \nthe large concourse repaired on foot and in carriages to the groundjs, \nwhere, after some soul-stirring music by the Centralia Cornet Band, \nthe vast assembly was called to order by Hon. J. S. Rollins, who, in \na very appropriate address, introduced the ceremonies. \n\nOn all sides of the spot selected for " breaking ground " stood an \nimposing concourse of our people ; intermixed here and there and \neverywhere among them were the sturdy and strong-armed men who \nwere to build the great work in prospect, while in the center were the \nofficers of the road, contractors, engineers, band, and in full view of \nall stood a wheelbarrow and spade. \n\nFinally, D. H. Hickman, president of the road, took hold of the \nspade, and, with the first effort to sink its point into the green turf, \nthe welkin rang with the loud plaudits of the people. After he de- \nposited several spades full in the wheelbarrow, David Gordon, one of \nthe Honorable Judges of the County Court (in the place of Mr. J. L. \nStephens, who was absent on account of a severe family affliction), \nfollowed suit, whereupon Wm. F. Switzler, the author of the railroad \ncharter, wheeled the earth away and " dumped " it at the appointed \nplace. Cheer upon cheer followed ; for thus and then commenced the \nmost important public work to our people ever projected in the \n\xe2\x82\xac0unty. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 491 \n\nAfter short, thrilling speeches by Col, Switzler and Gen. Guitar, \nand music by the band, the vast concourse was dismissed, every coun- \ntenance being radiant with joy and hope. \n\nFIRST RAILROAD CONVENTION IN THE STATE. \n\nThe St. Louis Railroad Convention met April 20, 1836. Among \nthe delegates from Boone County were John W. Keiser and James S. \nRollins. The latter was twenty-four years of age the day after the \nconvention assembled, and its youngest member. This convention \nrecommended three railroads radiating from St. Louis \xe2\x80\x94 northwest, \nwest and southwest. It memorialized the State Legislature for a \ngrant of State aid to the extent of $10,000,000,\' and Congress for a \ngrant of public lands. Rollins moved the memorial to Congress, and \nwas made chairman of the committee for that purpose. \n\nLi the autumn of 1836 a survey was made for a railroad from \nLouisiana to Columbia. James S. Rollins, General Richard Gen- \ntry, Sinclair Kirtley, William Cornelius and David M. Hickman, \nof Boone, were promoters of this enterprise. In January, 1837, \nthe Louisiana and Columbia Railroad Company was chartered, and \nGentry, Kirtley, Cornelius and Hickman were named among the \ncorporators. \n\nDuring the same month the Rocheport Railroad Company was in- \ncorporated to build a railroad from Rocheport to Columbia, and the \ncorporators were Anthony W. Rollins (father of Hon. James S. Rol- \nlins), Robert S. Barr, George Knox, John Alexander, John Ward, \nWilliam Gaw, John Stemmons, Jesse B. Dale and L. C. Dickinson. \n\nNORTH MISSOURI RAILROAD INCORPORATED. \n\nThe North Missouri Railroad Company was incorporated March 3, \n1851, and the road was completed through Boone County in the au- \ntumn of 1858. Its line cuts a triano-le off the northeast corner of the \n\xe2\x82\xacounty, twelve miles long east and west by two aiid a half miles wide \nat its widest part, on the east boundary of the county. Boone County \nsubscribed $100,000 to the capital stock of this company, paid the \nsubscription in county bonds, and subsequently redeemed the bonds. \nSeveral citizens also took stock in the company. James S- Rollins \nwas for many years a director in the company, and Geo. C. Pratt was \none of the engineers on location and construction. (For a full ac- \ncount of the canvass preceding the vote of $100,000, see Chapter IX., \npp. 368, 369.) \n\n\n\n492 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nTHE BOONE COUNTY AND JEFFERSON CITY RAILROAD COMPANY \n\nWas incorporated January 30, 1857, to build a railroad from the \nNorth Missouri Eailroad, via Columbia, to the Pacific Railroad, at or \nabove Jeiferson City. Col. Switzler drafted and introduced the char- \nter in the Legislature of 1856-7. Among the corporators were Jas. \nS. Rollins, Wni. F. Switzler, Jas. L. Stephens, Jefferson Garth, W. \nW. Tucker, F. T. Russell and Geo. C. Pratt. \n\nNo steps were taken to build the road until after the war, when the \ncorporators organized October 5, 1865, only a few days before the \ncharter expired, and opened books for subscriptions to the capital stock. \nThe stockholders met December 16, 1865, and elected directors, who \non the same day elected D. H. Hickman president and Geo. C. Pratt \nchief engineer. Surveys were commenced immediately, but were \nsoon after susjiended until March, 1866, when the final location was \nmade and the work put under contract. Construction was commenced \nMay 21, 1866. The road was completed from Centralia to Columbia, \nOctober 29, 1867. \n\nThe resources provided for building the road were : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nIndividual subscriptions in cash $12,500 \n\nBoone County subscriptions in 8 per cent bonds , 200,000 \n\nEight per cent mortgage bonds on road 300,000 \n\nTotal $512,500 \n\nBefore commencing work a contract had.been made with the North \nMissouri Railroad Company, by which the latter was to operate the road \nand pay for use of same one-third of gross earnings from all business \ngoing to or from the leased property. \n\nThis rent went to pay interest on the mortgage bonds. \n\nAfter January 12, 1869, the North Missouri Company ceased to pay \nrent and consequently the lessor company had no money wherewith to \npay interest. Consequently, on April 23, 1873, the road was sold \nunder foreclosure to Wm. E. Burr for $30,000. Burr conveyed the \nproperty to the Boone County and Boonville Railroad Company, a cor- \nporation organized by "Articles of association filed April 30," 1873. \n\nThe capital stock of that company is $500,000 and the mortgage \ndebt on. the road is $100,000 seven per cent bonds. The property is \nleased to the Wabash Company which pays the interest on those \nbonds as rent.^ \n\n\n\n1 We are much indebted to George C. Pratt, now one of the State Railroad Commissioners, \nfor many of these facts. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, 493 \n\nMEETING IN BOONE COUNTY TO ENDORSE PRESIDENT JOHNSON. \n\nA very large meeting, pursuant to public notice, assembled in the \ncourt-house in Columbia, Missouri, on Monday, March 5th, 1866, to \nconsider the political issues of the day, and more especially those \ngrowing out of the proceedings of Congress and the action of Presi- \ndent Johnson in regard to the restoration of the Union. The court- \nhouse was crowded ; and at the appointed hour the assembly was \ncalled to order by Maj. A. J. Harbison, on whose motion Hon. J. S. \nRollins was called to preside. \n\nMessrs. Henry Keene and William Boggs were elected vice-presi- \ndents, and A. C Newman and A. J. Harbison, secretaries. \n\nCol. W. F. Switzler then moved the appointment of a committee \nof five to report resolutions to the meeting, and that all resolutions \nintroduced be referred to that committee ; which was adopted and the \nfollowing committee appointed by the chairman : Col. W. F. Switzler, \nDr. M. R. Arnold, Gen. J. B. Douglass, Judge David Gordon aiid \nJohn H. Field, Esq. \n\nDurino; the retirement of the committee the meetino; was addressed \nat length by Hon. J. S. Rollins in a speech, fully endorsing the policy \nof President Johnson, and condemnatory of the revolutionary pro- \no;ramme of the Sumner-Stevens Radicals. \n\nCol Switzler, from the committee on resolutions, reported the \nfollowing : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nRESOLUTIONS. \n\n1. That the citizens of Boone County, here assembled, loyal to the Constitution and the \nUnion, and faithful to the principles which have carried the Kepublic triumphantly through \nthe war, are convinced of the necessity of an early and complete pacification of the country, \nthat the people may all engage in their proper pursuits and reap the just rewards of their \nlabors. \n\n2. That, therefore, we desire to see the restoration of practical and constitutional rela- \ntions between all the States and the Federal G-overnment at the earliest practicable period, \nand to that end we favor the admission into Congress of all loyal representatives from the \nStates lately in rebellion, who were fairly elected and can take the oath prescribed by Con- \ngress as a test of loyalty through all the pressure and peril of the rebellion. \n\n3. That the Constitution is at once our charter and defence ; no magistrate can go beyond \nit ; no department of the government, however powerful, legislative or executive, is per- \nmitted to transcend it ; and however benevolent or otherwise meritorious a measure may be, \nif it be not within the powers granted by the Constitution, it cannot be adopted, and we in- \nsist that every one of our public servants shall conform to the will of the whole people, as \nmanifested in the great organic act, which is antecedent and superior to the government \nitself. \n\n4. That we approve the general principles announced by President Johnson in his annual \nmessage, and in his late message, explaining the reason for withholding his assent to the bill \nfor the continuance and enlargement of the Freedmen\'s Bureau; and while we express our \nunqualified approval we give him our confidence, and promise him our continued support in \n\n\n\n494 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nall proper measures for the restoration of constitutional government in all parts of the \ncountry. \n\n5. That we cordially endorse the course of our worthy and patriotic representatives in \nCongress, the Hon. John Hogan, and Hon. Thos. E. Noell, for their able and manly sup- \nport of President Johnson, in his efforts to maintain the constitution and restore the Union \nof the States. \n\n6. That the Honorable Chairman of this meeting is hereby appointed a committee to pre- \nsent to the President of the United States a copy of these resolutions. \n\n7. That the chairman appoint a county central committee of five, whose duty it shall \nbe to adopt such measures for the organization and success of the conservative Union party \nof Boone county as they may deem proper. \n\n8. That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the Missouri Statesman and St. \nLouis Republican. \n\nCol. Switzler accompanied the presentation of these resolutions \nwith a brief and lucid exposition of the principles they enunciate, \nstrongly approving the administration of President Johnson, and in \nopposition to the usurpations and tyranny of the Radicals, who are ene- \nmies of that administration. \n\nMr. W. H. Brand then arose and briefly addressed the meeting, en- \ndorsing the restoration policy of the President, and highly eulogistic \nof his heroic resolve to stand by the constitution. \n\nThe resolutions were then unanimously adopted, and the following \ngentlemen appointed county central committee : W. F. Switzler, A. J. \nHarrison, J. W. Harris, J. B, Douglass, M. R. Arnold. After which \nthe meeting adjourned sine die. * \n\nREGISTRATION AND ELECTION TEST OATH. \n\nThe Constitution of 1865 prescribed a test oath for voters, which \ngreatlv inflamed the people of the State and of Boone County, es- \npecially that portion of them belonging to the Democratic party. The \nconvention which adopted and the Legislature which enacted laws to \nenforce it, sought to justify the procedure on the ground that the best \ninterests of the country would be subserved by committing them at \nthe polls to the arbitrament of voters who were loyal to the govern- \nment, and who, during the Rebellion, had not attempted by force of \narms, by sympathies, or by other methods, to overthrow the Consti- \ntution ; while the Democrats charged that the continued supremacy \nof Republican rule in the State \xe2\x80\x94 in other words, the retention of all \nthe offices, by the disfranchisement of political opponents, was the \ngoverning motive of the enactments. At all events the process of \nregistration, in Boone County, was under the control, in 1866, of \nPierce Bufl\xc2\xa3ngtou, a Republican, as supervisor, and the following \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 495 \n\nregistrars of the various townships, all of whom were Republicans : \xe2\x80\x94 \nJ. C. Gallanar, W. H. Fox, W. A. Graham, W. G. Green, Wm. Slade, \nWm. Hunter, Isaac T. Jeffry, Peter E. Nichols and W. H. Dunn. \nClerks of the Board of Review : \xe2\x80\x94 Thos, J. Sutton, E. S. Rhino and \nA. P. Selby, the latter now deputy clerk of the U. S. Circuit Court \nin St. Louis. \n\nPaid out of the county treasury to the supervisor, registrars and \nclerks, $517.75. \n\nThe registration engendered great bitterness of feeling, sometimes \napproaching the verge of personal violence. \n\nAfter the registration lists had been made by the precinct registrars \nand thoroughly supervised at Columbia, the whole number of persons \nwho were registered as qualified voters, out of the 5,000 in the \ncounty, was 878, as follows : Bourbon township, Centralia precinct, \n81; Sturgeon, 94; Rocky Fork township, 8; Columbia, 238; \nCedar township, Ashland precinct, 86 : Claysville, 94 ; Providence, \n71 ; Missouri township, Rocheport precinct, 141 ; Strawn\'s, 43 ; \nPerche township, 23. \n\nMILITIA ENROLLMENT IN 1867. \n\n1867. In November, 1866, J. C. Gallanar was appointed by Gov. \nFletcher enrolling officer of Boone County, and on November 26th gave \nnotice that "all able-bodied male inhabitants of the State, between \nthe ages of eighteen and forty-five years inclusive, constitute the \nmilitia of the State, and must be enrolled." This enrollment was \nconcluded in January, 1867, and exhibited the following result : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nPRECINCTS. WHITE. COLORED. \n\nColumbia 508 240 \n\nKockyFork 210 \n\nPerche 260 6 \n\nCentralia 102 3 \n\nSturgeon 189 18 \n\nMissouri 315 47 \n\nProvidence 108 15 \n\nClaysville..... 120 1 \n\nAshland 327 20 \n\nTotals 2,139 350 \n\nTotal of all colors, 2,489, of which about 250 are exempt. \n\nH. N. COOK vs. WARREN WOODSON. \n\nThese two gentlemen, at the November election, 1866 (as we have \nseen), were candidates for County Clerk, and Mr. Woodson having \n\n\n\n496 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbeen declared duly elected, Cook sought by proceedings in the courts \nto dispossess hira of the office on several grounds, among them that \nhe was disloj^al to the United States government ; that he had com- \nmitted some of the acts specified in section 3, article 2, of the State \nConstitution of 1865 ; that therefore he was ineligible to hold the \noffice of County Clerk, and that the votes cast for him were nullities. \n\nIn January, 1867, a writ oi quo loarranto, issued by the Supreme \nCourt of the State, was served on Woodson requiring him to appear \nbefore that body on Saturday following and show by what authority \nhe held the office of county clerk. Although this proceeding was all \nin the name of the State and, in the event of the State\'s failure, at the \nexpense of the State, Mr. Cook was the real prosecutor. \n\nJudge Woodson obeyed the writ and by his counsel, Wm. A. Hall, \nof Randolph, made answer. Quite a lengthy discussion ensued \nbetween Judge Hall and Attorney General Wingat^ and A. F. Denny, \nmuch of which concerned the meaning and bearing upon the case of a \nrecent decision of the Supreme Court of the United States. The \ncase was submitted to the court, which took it under advisement until \nits July term, when a judgment of ouster against Woodson was ren- \ndered and a commission issued by Gov. Fletcher to Cook, Judges \nThos. J. C. Fagg and David Wagner concurring, Judge Nathaniel \nHolmes dissenting. (See Mo. Eeps., Vol. 41, page 228.) \n\nWoodson appealed the case to the Supreme Court of the United \nStates and retained the office till his death, which occurred October 4, \n1868, up to which time the appeal had not been heard. It was then \ndismissed, and Cook was appointed by Gov. Fletcher to fill the \nvacancy. \n\nREGISTRATION OF VOTERS IN 1868. \n\n1868. \xe2\x80\x94 Since the last registration of voters the Legislature passed \na more stringent law on the subject, and for this and other reasons the \nregistration preparatory to the election of 1868 was wholesale in its \ncharacter and ended in the disfranchisement of 3,000 citizens of the \ncounty, only 411 being allowed to vote. So general and sweeping- \nwas the ostracism that Gen. Grant carried the county for President \nover Horatio Seymour by six majority. \n\nThis extraordinary proceecling inflamed many of the people to fever \nheat and at times there were outbreaks of individual and popular \nfury which not only menaced the personal safety of the registrars but \nthe general public peace itself. \n\nAnd this was in fact no marvel, for the political ostracism of so \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n497 \n\n\n\nlarge a number of citizens who had been accustomed to vote, \nmany of them being old residents and taxpayers, was well cal- \nculated to upturn the foundations of society and to incite the disfran- \nchised and their friends to the fiercest denunciations, if not to open \nviolence. \n\nE. L. Clough, Pierce Buffington and William Dunn were[the regis- \ntrars, who, after subjecting the lists to days and days of manipula- \ntion, finally deposited in the County Clerk\'s office the foUowino- : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nRECORD OF ACCEPTED VOTERS IN 1868. \n\n\n\nAllen, T. M. \nAllen, W. H. \nArnold, Thomas A. \nAdkinson, James \nBerkebile, John \nBaumgartner, G. M. \nBlair, John N. \nBlack, Thomas \nBerkebile, Robert \nBerkebile, C. P. \nBatterton, John T. \nBerry, Edward \nBishop, Silvanus P. \nBowman, John A. \nBooth, Wm. P. \nBoggs, James M. \nBealmeaer, James M. \nBoswell, James M. \nCook, H. N. \nCorbit, John \nConley, John C. \nCampbell, John \nCannon Hugh \nCully, Samuel M. \nCarlisle. R. G. \nDailey, Edward \nDouglas, Joseph B. \nEvans, Prank D. \n\nActon, Wm. \nBullard, Jesse \nColvin, Garland \nCrane, Wm. W. \nCrane, John A. \nCrane, Darius \nCrane, James W. \nDozier, Dennis \nEdwards, Prazier \n\n32 \n\n\n\nCOLUMBIA \n\nPicklin, Joseph \nGentry, Thomas B. \nGordon, Boyle \nGallatly James \nGordon, David \nGuitar, Odon \nGordon, Carey H. \nGreen, Wm. S. \nGordon, Wm. J. \nGans, J. C. \nGarth, Jefi" \nHume, Lafayette \nHickey, John E. \nHinkle, John P. \nHenderson. J. A. \nHubbard, Paul \nHamm, Pred \nHarris, James T. \nHume, Reuben \nHunter, Wm. \nHenley, M. J. \nHugle, Arnold \nHelper, Wm. M. \nHume, James R. \nKeene, Alf. \nKelley, John M. \nKehr, Chris. \nKimmell, E. J. \n\n\n\nTOWNSHIP \xe2\x80\x94 110. \nKing George \nLamme, Josiah W. \nLukens, A. J. ; \nLukens, A. N. \nLukens, George W. \nLukens, Wm. A. \nLivingston, Wra. \nLee, Wm. \nMcKasky, Robert \nMarshall, Charles \nMiller James, \nMc Car ten, .John \nMiller, Benj. P. \nMurphy, John \nMore, Stephen J. \nMcKa}^, Neal \nMaynard, James A. \nNorthcutt, Wm. H. \nNichols, Philip P. \nPierson, Wm. P. \nPrewitt, Moss \nPower, Thomas E. \nPotts, Charles J. \nRoot, Oren, Jr., \nRipley, E, L. \nRobnett, Wm. C. \nRead, Daniel \nRollins, James S. \n\n\n\nPROVIDENCE \xe2\x80\x94 33. \n\n\n\nGilpin, Ambrose \nGrindstaff, Samuel \nGilpin, George A. \nGilpin, Elias \nHickam, Scott H. \nHume, Lewis \nHomell, J. C. \nHume, Sidney \n\n\n\nHessleman, Lewis \nHopper, Sidney W. \nJeffries, John \nJeffries, Perry C. \nLunda, Wm. N. \nMcBain, James T. \nMcBain, Turner \nMaples, Robert \n\n\n\nRussell, P. T. \nSturgeon, Edward S. \nSwitzler, Lewis M. \nStewart, James L. \nSchwabe, H. C. \nSaunders, Thomas \nScott, James IST. \nShanks, James M. \nShultz, Aug. \nSchwabe, H. C, Jr., \nSexton, Enoch \nScott, Samuel P. \nScott, A. L. \nScott, K P. \nStewart, Benj. P. \nScott, Wesley \nSwitzler, W. P. \nSellinger, Jacob \nThornton, James H. \nTodd, W. W. \nTodd, Robert L. \nWarren, Harris N. \nWaugh, James H. \nWarren, Wm. \nWesterlage, P. \nWeist, Simon \nWerdemann, A. D. \n\n\n\nPerkins, Reuben \nRogers, Jesse \nStewart, Charles \nSenor, John O. \nSenor, Wm. T. \nStickdaub, C. W. \nTeeter, John E. \nYamer, Paul \n\n\n\n498 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nAllspaw, Eeuben \nBotner, Jacob \nCaton, Thomas \nGlass, Kobert K. \nGentry, N. M. \n\nAdams, James \nAdams, Wm. B. \nBooth, Horace \nBaker, Allen \nBooth, W. J. \n\nCook, Levi \nGrant, Columbus \nGraham, Wm. A. \n\n\n\nPERCHE \xe2\x80\x94 17. \nLong, James March, Absalom, Sr., Schwabe, Henry \n\nMcAlister, Wm. T. March, Absalom, Jr., Schwabe, Bennett \nMerry, John Palm, Jacob Stewart, William \n\nMarch, Wm., Jr., Schwabe, Robert Williams, Wm. T. \n\n\n\nCENTRALIA \xe2\x80\x94 19. \n\nBower, Throp King, W. E. \n\nFaukner James \nFretwell, Silas \nGallop, Simeon \nHerbert. James A. \n\n\n\nMyers, John L. \nPhillips, James \nStemmons, John T. \nTuly, James \n\n\n\nShultz, C. H. \nWainscott, R. A. \nWheeler, W. H. \nWert, James. \n\n\n\nAllison, John B. \nBarnes, Thomas M. \nButler, John \nBrown, Jacob \nBarnes, Brinsley \nBaker, Thomas J. \nBroomfield, Thos. E. \nBrundy John S. \nBatterton, John Y. \nClinton, Samuel \nCross, S. F. \nCroswhite, John F. \nChalmers, Goldsmith \nCarpenter, Edward \nCroswhite, Wm. P. \nClark, John J. \nCain, Amon \nCroswhite, Jacob \nCarney, Michael \n\nAustin, J, M. \nAngel, Robt. \nAyres, Nath. \nAustin, Stephens \n\nActon, Aaron \nBoggs, Wm. \nBisfield, Thos. A. \nBoggs, Christie \nBoggs, Chas M. \nBurroughs, Levi \nBosTEfs, Jas. \n\n\n\nstbawn\'s school house \xe2\x80\x94 12. \n\nGraham, James Lamme, W. W. Sharp, Lewis \n\nHultz, C. P. Register, George W. Sharp, George W. \n\nGordon, James M. Searcy, D. G. Todd, Samuel B. \n\nSTURGEON \xe2\x80\x94 75. \nDingman, Chaney Harris, M. H. \n\n\n\nEagle, Joseph \nFretwell, Joseph \nFarr, Edward \nFisher, John F. \nFinley, John W. \nFantes, David F. \nFuer, Andrew \nGreen, Wm. J. \nGyer, Henry P. \nGordon, Hiram \nGordon, Robert \nGray, Henry S. \nHalburt, Hosea \nHarbins, John D. \nHayes, James P. \nHarris, James L. \nHolman, Henry \nHawkins, John \n\n\n\nHelem, Chas. \nJar man, Jas. J. \nJar man, John F. \nKeiser, Oliver \nKeller, Lewis.\' \nKelly, Wm. J. \nLockridge, Jas. S. \nLong, Matthew \nManahen, Michael \nPatterson, Mason W. \nPatton, J no. M. \nPalmer, Thos. \nPalmer, Jas. D. \nRedmon, Jno. T. \nRoberts, John W. \nRothrock, Lazarus S. \nRowland, Wm. C. \nRiggs, Zadock T. \n\n\n\nHALLSTILLE \xe2\x80\x94 16. \n\nBrown, John R. Kent, 0. S. \n\nBrown, Edward Kent, Carlos \n\nDunn, W. H. Masterson, S. S. \n\nHaggard, Alvin J. Masterson, C. M. \n\nROCHEPORT \xe2\x80\x94 25. \n\nBoggs, Thomas J. Grindstaff, Sol. \n\n\n\nBowen, Thos. H. \nCrawford, John \nDaley, Jas. \nDaley, Thos. A. \nDeitrich, Aug. \n\n\n\nGrossman, L. \nGentry, J. C. \nHultz, M. J. \nHarris, F. G. \nMooth, Henry C. \n\n\n\nRoberts, Jno. C. \nRandall, Jno. W. \nRoher, Philip \nSmith, Dunweterfield \nSlotz, John. \nSeymour, Jas. M. \nSpelman, Thos. \nStephens, Wm. \nSpelman, Philip E. \nSeymour, Francis M. \nSeymour, Wm. \nSeymour John H. \nTaylor, Joseph \nTucker, Benj. F. \nUsry, John \nWadkins, Tracy J. \nWilkins, Geo. R. \nWhite, Chapman \n\n\n\nMoody, John S. \nTucker, W. W. \nVarnon, J. S. \nStewart, Wm. \n\nSlade, Wm. \nSampson, Thos. W. \nWaddle, W. E. T. \nTumy, Henry. \nWhite, A. d". \nHenlej^ Samuel \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n499 \n\n\n\nCLATSVILLE \xe2\x80\x94 51. \n\n\n\nArnold, James, Jr. \nBufBngton, Thos. \nBuffington, Pierce. \nBledsoe, Abraham \nBledsoe, Leroy \nButler, Wm. \nBiddle, Jacob. \nBoqua Wm. P. \nClough, Lewis E. \nClough, Herman E. \nChatterton, Horatio \nEwing, C. P. \nEilis, Peter F. \n\nActon, Harrison \nBlackburn, K. J. \nBennett, Wm. B. \nBrown, Hezekiab \nBrown, John W. \nBennett, -Jeremiah \nBlythe, John \nBearce, Eli \nBrown, Geo. W. \nBrown, Hiram \nChase, Nathan \nGoodwin, Walter \nGoodwin, James \nGrindstaflP, Wm. \n\n\n\nFoster, Wm. \nGilmore, Samuel S. \nGleeson, John. \nGraham, Solomon J. \nHunt, Joshua \nHover, Jonathan \nHenshaw, Amos R. \nHenshaw, Able. \nHickman, Jas. S. \nHudinger, Jacob \nHilburn, Jas. H. \nHickam, Geo. H. \nJones, Wm. M. \n\n\n\nKilpatrick, Greenb\'y \nKemp, John G. \niiegate, Otis. \nLegate, H. M. \nMadden, John C. \nMadden, Wm. \nMatthews, Franklin \nMadden, Jacob Jr. \nMcClenn, John. \nPerkins, John \nPerkins, Windall \nEisk, Wm. \nRader, Reuben \n\n\n\nASHLAND \xe2\x80\x94 53. \nGoodwin, John Johnson, James \n\n\n\nGoodwin, P. J. \nHardin, Rufus T. \nHattinger, Arnold \nHazle, Randolph \nHaggard, Chas. E. \nHaden, Jeptha \nHaden, Francis \nJohnson, John M. \nJohnson, Wm. T. \nJohnson, Geo. W. \nJohnson, J. B. \n\n\n\nLittle, A. J. H. \nLittle, Wm. \nLittle, Geo. W. \nLittle, John H. \nLittle, Nathaniel \nMonaghan, John \nNolan, Simeon \nNoakes, John \nNichols, P. E. \nNichols, Eli. \nNichols, Wm. A. \n\n\n\nJohnson, James E. Perkins, David W. \n\n\n\nSmallwood, Jas. \nSappington, R. G. \nSapp Noah. \nSapp, John H. \nSmallwood, Irvin \nTuck, Finis \nWebber, Nicholas \nWaters, Jas. M. \nWaters, John H. \nWestbrook, Edwin \nZumalt, Joseph \nZumalt, David \n\n\n\nPeake., Reuben B. \nPauley, James W\xc2\xbb \nRussell, Wm. H, \nRidwell, G. B. \nRollins, Henry \nRiley, Lawrence \nSargeant, G. W. \nShelnutt, Lewis \nSharp, Milton \nShultz, Geo. \nShelnutt, John G, \nStewart, James L. \nVandiver, Carlton D. \n\n\n\nTHE LOUISIANA AND MISSOURI RIVER RAILROAD \n\nBY THE COUNTY COURT. \n\n\n\nELECTIONS ORDERED \n\n\n\nOn December 8, 1868, a petition was presented to the County \nCourt from a number of tax-payers in Rockyfork township, asking the \ncourt to order an election in that township to ascertain the will of \nthe qualified voters in regard to the proposition to subscribe $25,000 \nto the capital stock of the Louisiana and Missouri River Railroad. \nThe court, after consideration, complied with the prayer of the pe- \ntition, and ordered the election to be held on Wednesday, January \n27, 1869. \n\nA similar petition was presented from a number of- tax-payers of \nPerche township, asking an election on a proposition for that town- \nship to subscribe |25,000 to the same road. The court ordered an \nelection on the matter, to be held on Tuesday, January 26, 1869. \n\nStill another petition was presented from tax-payers in Missouri \ntownship, asking an election in their township, on a proposition to \n\n\n\n500 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsubscribe $65,000 for the extension of the Boone County Eailroad to \na point on the north side of the river, opposite Boonville. The \ncourt also complied with this petition, and set Tuesday, January 12, \n1869, as the day on which the election should be held. \n\nJudo-e Lackland, of Mexico, was present and addressed the court in \nthe interest of the Louisiana and Missouri Eiver Eailroad. D. H. \nHickman and Gen. O. Guitar addressed the court in behalf of \nthe proposition looking to the extension of the Boone County \nEailroad. There was no opposing interest to either road before the \ncourt. \n\nAs has been seen by the foregoing list of accepted voters there were \nonly thirty-seven in Missouri township qualified to vote on the propo- \nsition to subscribe $65,000 to extend the Boone County Eailroad, via \nEocheport, to a point on the river opposite Boonville, the road \nthence to be continued to Arrow Eock, etc. As the mass of the \ntax-payers in this township were disfranchised, it would have been \nmanifestly unjust for the thirty-seven registered voters to decide \nwhether or not the township should be taxed to the amount of $65,000 \nto aid in the construction of the proposed road. \n\nA remedy was proposed, to avoid injustice being done in this way. \nA separate poll for the disfranchised tax-payers was opened, and they \nwere permitted to vote ; and it was understood that if a majority of \nthese was not in favor of the road, the County Court would not make \nthe appropriation, and this mode of raising the money was to be \nabandoned. If two-thirds of the legally qualified voters did not vote \nfor the appropriation it could not legally be made, and of course, \nwould not have been, though a majority of the disfranchised citizens \nvoted for it. \n\nTHE RAILROAD ELECTION IN MISSOURI TOWNSHIP. \n\n1869. \xe2\x80\x94 On January 12, 1869, pursuant to the order of the County \nCourt, an election was held in Missouri township, upon the propo- \nsition to subscribe $65,000 towards extending the Columbia Branch \nof the North Missouri Eailroad, which resulted as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nKOCHEPOBT. \n\nVotes. Yes. No. \n\nLegal 36 3 \n\nDisfranchised 181 19 \n\nTotals 227 22 \n\nMajority for appropriation -, 205 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 501 \n\nstkawn\'s. \n\nVotes. ^es. No. \n\nLegal 4 5 \n\nDisfranchised 44 \n\nTotals 4 49 \n\nMajority against appropriation at Strawn\'s \xc2\xbb 45 \n\nTotal legal vote \xe2\x80\x94 Yes 40; No 8 \n\nMajority of the legal votes, 32, which was more than two-thirds, the \nnumber necessary to carry the appropriation. \n\nRAILROAD ELECTION IN COLUMBIA TOWNSHIP. \n\nThe proposition for Columbia township to subscribe $60,000 to the \nextension of our railroad west to Boonville, via Rocheport, thence to \nArrow Eock, to be continued to Marshall, Lexington and Kansas \nCity, was carried on Tuesday, February 9,. 1869, by an immense \nmajority of both legal and disqualified voters. The vote stood as \nfollows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nQUALIFIED VOTERS. \n\nFor the proposition 54 \n\nAgainst the proposition 3 \n\nMajority for ^1 \n\nDISQUALIFIED VOTERS. \n\nFor the proposition 204 \n\nAgainst the proposition 46 \n\nMajority for 158 \n\nRAILROAD ELECTIONS IN PERCHE AND ROCKY FORK TOWNSHIPS. \n\nThe former was held January 26, and the latter January 27, 1869, \non propositions respectively to subscribe $25,000 in eight per cent \ntwenty year bonds to the capital stock of the Louisiana and Missouri \nRiver Railroad on condition of its location through said townships, \nthe vote being : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nIN PERCHE TOWNSHIP. \n\nWhole number of qualified voters only 17 \n\nFor the bonds IS \n\nAgainst the bonds , none \n\nIN ROCKY FORK TOWNSHIP, \n\nWhole number of qualified voters , 16 \n\nFor the bonds 7 \n\nAgainst the bonds ,. none \n\nA remarkably small vote and a remarkably small number of voters \nin two entire townships of a populous county to decide such a ques- \ntion ! But they did decide it according to the forms of law, and \n\n\n\n502 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\non their decision the bonds were issued, delivered to the railroad com- \npany and sold by them. \n\nPreviously, however, the railroad company located its road from \nMexico via Hallsville and Harrisburg, through the townships named \nto Fayette, in Howard county, and proceeded to grade and bridge the \ntrack, but the road was never completed, and, perhaps never will be. \n\nNevertheless, the bonds of the townships were iu the hands of inno- \ncent purchasers who had paid their money for them ; but this fact did \nnot prevent the tax-payers from being very reluctant to pay them, for \nthey had received no consideration in return except the inconvenience \nand damao;e which an abandoned railroad track, with its cuts and fills, \nentailed upon the county. \n\nThe Supreme Court of the United States in the case of G. W. \nHartman, plaintiff in error, vs. Bates county, Missouri, having decided \nsimilar bonds to those authorized by Perclie and Rocky Fork to be \nnull and void, the people of those townships, at the June term, 1876, \nof the Boone County Court, petitioned the court to make an order re- \nstraining the tax levy on them for the payment of either interest or \nprincipal of the bonds, and the court agreed to do so as soon as the \ncitizens of each township filed a bond of $10,000, and deposited with the \n\xe2\x80\xa2county treasurer $500 in cash, to indemnify the county against any \nloss or expense which might accrue in consequence of said order. The \n\xe2\x80\xa2conditions were promptly complied with and the restraining order was \nmade. \n\nIn the course of time, however, the courts. State and Federal, ren- \ndered adverse decisions to the one above mentioned, and suit was in- \nstituted against the townships by the holders of the bonds, Henry A. \nCunningham, of St. Louis, being the attorney for the townships. \nPassing over the intermediate history and coming to the final result, \nsuffice it to say that in 1880 a compromise was made between the \nbondholders and the tax-payers on the basis of 6(32/3 cents on the dol- \nlar, by which each township made some $12,000, and at elections \xe2\x80\x94 \nin Rocky Fork on April 13, 1880, and in Perche on May 25, 1880 \xe2\x80\x94 \na constitutional majority was secured in favor of the compromise and \nfunding the bonds at 6 per cent, as follows : Rocky Fork, yeas, 163 ; \nnays, 12. Perche, yeas, 78 ; nays, 14. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n503 \n\n\n\nCHAPTEE XIII. \n\n\n\nFROM 1870 TO 1882. \n\nMethodist Conference \xe2\x80\x94 Kegistration of 1870 \xe2\x80\x94 Public Meetings in Honor of Gen. E. E. \nLee \xe2\x80\x94 Railroad Meetings in Ashland \xe2\x80\x94 Cedar Township Eailroad Vote \xe2\x80\x94 Boone County \nRegistrars \xe2\x80\x94 Decoration Day at Centralia \xe2\x80\x94 Political \xe2\x80\x94 The Passive Policy Indorsed \xe2\x80\x94 \nPresbyterian Synod \xe2\x80\x94 Sale of the Boone County Railroad \xe2\x80\x94 The Lost Found \xe2\x80\x94 The \nDead Alive \xe2\x80\x94 Stock Law Election \xe2\x80\x94 Columbia and Rock Bridge Gravel Road \xe2\x80\x94 The \nCentennial Year \xe2\x80\x94 Evidences of Patriotism \xe2\x80\x94 Martha Washington Reception at Colum- \nbia \xe2\x80\x94 Eourth of July at Ashland \xe2\x80\x94 Census of Boone County of 1876 \xe2\x80\x94 Election to Refund \nCounty Bonds \xe2\x80\x94 A Temperance Wave \xe2\x80\x94 The Blue Ribbon Movement \xe2\x80\x94 Missouri State \nGrange \xe2\x80\x94 State Convention of Colored Teachers \xe2\x80\x94 Fire in Columbia \xe2\x80\x94 Missouri Medi- \ncal and Press Associations \xe2\x80\x94 Grand Lodge of Good Templars \xe2\x80\x94 Death of President Gar- \nfield \xe2\x80\x94 Public Honors Paid to His Memory \xe2\x80\x94 Sad Accident on Thanksgiving Day. \n\nELECTION RETURNS EEOM 1870 TO 1882. \n\n* Those thus marked were elected. \n\n\n\nELECTION EOR GOVERNOR, 1870. \n\n*B. Gratz Brown (Liberal) 1,393 \n\nJoseph W. McClurg (Republican) 667 \n\nBrown\'s majority over McClurg 726 \n\nCONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS. \n\nNo. 1 \xe2\x80\x94 Abolishing District Courts : \n\nYeas 2,063 \n\nNays 22 \n\nMajority 2,041 \n\nNo. 2 \xe2\x80\x94 Abolishing oath of loj^alty for jurors : \n\nYeas 1,994 \n\nNays 98 \n\nMajority ,1,896 \n\nNo. 3. \xe2\x80\x94 Abolishing double liability of stock- \nholders in private corporations : \n\nYeas \' 2,023 \n\nNays 55 \n\nMajority 1,968 \n\nNo. 4. \xe2\x80\x94 Abolishing oath of loyalty for voters : \n\nYeas 1,951 \n\nNays 134 \n\nMajority 1,823 \n\n\n\nNo. 5. \xe2\x80\x94 Abolishing certain disqualifications \nto hold ofiice on account of race, color, or \nprevious condition of servitude, and on \naccount of former acts of disloyalty : \n\nYeas 2,036 \n\nNays ,. 65 \n\nMajority 1,971 \n\nNo. 6. \xe2\x80\x94 In relation to education, prohibit- \ning the General Assembly, counties, cities* \ntowns, townships, school districts, or other \nmunicipal corporations from making ap- \npropriations in aid of any creed, church, \nor sectarian school : \n\nYeas 2,008 \n\nNays 64 \n\nMajority 1,944 \n\nFOR SUPREME JUDGE. \n\n*David Wagner (no opposition) 2,045 \n\nCONGRESS. \n\n*Andrew King.. .1,321 I D. P. Dyer 90 \n\nE. Draper 551 1 \n\nKing\'s majority over both 681 \n\n\n\n504 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nELECTION RETURNS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nREPRESENTATIVE EST LEGISLATURE \xe2\x80\x94 FIRST \nDISTRICT. \n\nC. W. Masterson 231 l *A. G. Newman 517 \n\nT. B. Gentry 377 I \n\nNewman\'s majority over Masterson... 286 \nOver Gentry 140 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE \xe2\x80\x94 SECOND DISTRICT. \n\n*John L. Bass.... 633 I H. C. Mooth,... 234 \n\nJames Goodwin. 103 I \n\nBass\' majority over both 296 \n\nCIRCUIT CLERK. \n\n*J. M. Samuel...l,269 I J. T. M. John- \n\nI ston 859 \n\nSamuel\'s majority 410 \n\nCOUNTY CLERK. \n\nJ. p. Horner 569 \xe2\x80\xa2 *H. N. Cook 854 \n\n\n\nJ. W. Daley 76 \n\nJ. T. Harris 176 \n\n\n\nW. H. Gilman... 122 \nR Bentley 298 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*J. C. Orr 1,020 I J. C. Gillaspie.. 802 \n\nA. E. Burnam... 311 I Perry C. Jeffrey 19 \n\nCOUNTY TREASURER. \n\n*E.B.Price 1,569 | L. Hume 539 \n\nPrice\'s majority 1,030 \n\nASSESSOR. \n\n*J. A. Hender- 1 Jas. Lampton... 552 \n\nson 1,077 I W. W. Lamme 516 \n\nSUPERVISOR OF REGISTRATION. \n\nTaylor (no opposition) 925 \n\nCOUNTY COURT JUDGE. \n\nJ. W. Hall 279 I *David Gordon. 951 \n\n*J. Y. Batterton 808 I James Long 77 \n\nCORONER, \n\n*J.H. Cozine 910 | John Campbell 713 \n\nCozine\'s majority 197 \n\nCOUNTY SCHOOL SUPERINTENDENT. \n\n*W.W. Batter- I W. W. Todd.... 831 \n\nton 1,212 I \n\nBatterton\'s majority 381 \n\nNOVEMBER, 1872. \n\nFOR PRESIDENT. \n\nHorace Greeley 3,199 I *U. S.Grant 993 \n\nCharles 0\' Conor 18 I \n\nFOR GOVERNOR. \n\n*Silas Woodson I John B. Hen- \n\n(D.) 3,313 1 derson (R.).... 988 \n\n\n\nFOR CONGRESS. \n\n*John B. Clark, l M. L. DeMotte \nJr.(D.) 3,297 | (R.) 977 \n\nFOR STATE SENATE. \n\n*C. H. Hardin (D. \xe2\x80\x94 no opposition) 3,816 \n\nFOR REPRESENTATIVE. \n\nE. C. More (D.) 1,954 j *Squire Turner \n\nPhineas R. (D.) 2,153 \n\nMcBride (D.) 17 \', \n\nCOUNTY COURT JUDGE. \n\n*John Y. Batterton (no opposition) 3,846 \n\nPROBATE JUDGE. \n\nStephen Bed- | *John Hinton.. 2,158 \nford 1,130 I H. N. Cook 975 \n\nCOLLECTOR. \n\nH. C. Keene ... 1,924 | *R. H. Smith... 2,342 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\nM. G. Corlew.. 1,717 | *J. C. Gillaspy.. 2,586 \n\nTREASURER. \n\n*R. B. Price 3,041 | J. S. Clarkson.. 1,270 \n\nPUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR. \n\nH. C. Pierce.... 1,795 ] *A. H. Conley.. 2,429 \n\nSUPERINTENDENT PUBLIC SCHOOLS. \n\nH. M. Cheavens 1,551 I *Harvey Hulen 1,613 \nW. S. Pratt 900 1 \n\nSURVEYOR. \n\n*M. G. Quinn.. 3,186 | W. W. Beazley 1,011 \n\nASSESSOR. \n\n*T. B. Searcy.. 1,775 I Jas. Lampton... 1,409 \nW. H. Jacobs .. 1,030 | \n\nPROSECUTING ATTORNEY. \n\n*Wellington l J. De W. Rob- \nGordon 2,152 I inson 1,982 \n\nCORONER. \n\n*D. E. Daugher- I Dudley Hamil- \nty 2,087 I ton 850 \n\nCONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS. \n\nf Yes 3,516 I ^^ f Yes 3,587 \n\nIno 362 I " \xe2\x96\xa0 Ino 324 \n\n\n\n1st, \n\n\n\nNOVEMBER, 1874. \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\n*C. H. Hardin I Wm. Gentry, \n(D.) 3,103 I People\'s 820 \n\nL lEUT EN ANT-GOVERNOR. \n\n*N. J. Colman I S. W. Headlee, \nD 3,007.1 People\'s 771 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n505 \n\n\n\nELECTION RETURNS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nCONGRESS. \n\n*JohnB. Clark, Jr.(D.) (no opposition) 3,870 \n\nSTATE SENATOR. \n\n*D. H. Mclntyre D. (no opposition).... 3,871 \n\nCIRCUIT JUDGE. \n\n*G. H. Burckhartt (no opposition) 3,885 \n\nCONVENTION. \n\nYes 2,372 | No 1,069 \n\nCONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT. \n\nYes 3,289 [ No 404 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE. \n\n*W. E. Wilhite l C. H. Gordon \n(D.) 2,344 1 (Ind. D.) 1,540 \n\nCOUNTY COURT JUDGE. \n\n*H. T. Wright, I M. D. Cook 1,025 \n\n(U) 2,646 I W. T. Keyburn 141 \n\nCOUNTY COLLECTOR. \n\n*EliHodge(D.) 2,611 | C. T. Worley.. 1,104 \n\nCOUNTY ASSESSOR. \n\n*T. Benton i A. L. Scott 434 \n\nSearcy (D.)... 2,668 | Jas. Lampton... 829 \n\nPUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR. \n\n*Stephen Bed- 1 J. M. Boswell... 910 \n\nford (D.) 2,772 | \n\nCIRCUIT CLERK. \n\n*W. W. Garth, l N. W. Wilson.. 988 \n\n(D.) 2,937 I \n\nCOUNTY CLERK. \n\n*W.W. Batter- Wm. T. Hick- \nton (D.) 1,658 man 426 \n\nJ. A. Woodson 1,183 H. N. Cook 645 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*Jas. C. Gillas- I C. T. Worley .. 373 \n\npy, (D.) 3,505 I \n\nCOUNTY TREASURER. \n\nR. B. Price, (D.) (no opposition) \n\nPROSECUTING ATTORNEY. \n\n*S. C. Douglass, (D.) (no opposition \n\nCOUNTY CORONER. \n\n\n\nWm. p. Booth \nW.K. Sturgeon \n\n\n\n*Jas. H. Eng- \nlish, (D.) 1,977 \n\nWm. Waller... 123 \n\nFor licensing dogs \n\nAgainst licensing dogs \n\nAgainst township organization. \nEor township organization \n\n\n\n3,853 \n\n3,806 \n\n1,148 \n446 \n\n1,091 \n\n2,082 \n\n2,437 \n\n628 \n\n\n\nELECTION NOVEMBER, 1875. \n\nFor the new constitution 1,846 \n\nAgainst the new constitution 117 \n\nMajority for constitation 1,729 \n\nNOVEMBER, 1876. \n\nPRESIDENT. \n\nSamuel J. Tilden (Dem.) 3,846 \n\n*Rutherford B. Hayes (Rep.) 1,181 \n\nPeter Cooper (Greenback) 4 \n\nGreen Clay Smith (Prohibition) 4 \n\nGOVERNOR. \n\n*John S. Phelps (D.) 3,698 \n\nG. A. Finkelnburg (R.) 1,176 \n\nLIEUT. -GOVERNOR. \n\n*Henry C. Brockmeyer (D.) 3,757 \n\nCharles 0. Allen (R.) 1,176 \n\nSECRETARY OF STATE. \n\n*Michael K.McGrath (D.) 3,845 \n\nEugene F. Weigel (R.) 1,177 \n\nSTATE TREASURER. \n\n*Elijah Gates (D.) 3,850 \n\nJohn Severance (R.) 1,176 \n\nSTATE AUDITOR. \n\n*Thomas Holliday (D.) 3,851 \n\nGeo. R. Smith (R.) 1,176 \n\nATTORNEY-GENERAL. \n\n*JacksonL. Smith (D.) 3,856 \n\nAlex. W. Mullins (R.) 1,17& \n\nREGISTER OF LANDS. \n\n*James E. McHenry (D.) 3,855 \n\nRichard Drane (R.) 1,176 \n\nJUDGES SUPREME COURT. \n\n*John W. Henry (D.) 3,854 \n\nDavid Wagner (R.) 1,176 \n\nFOR RAILROAD COMMISSIONER. \n\n(For six-year term.) \n\n*James Harding (D.) 3,827 \n\nThomas R. Allen (R.) 1,178 \n\nFranklin Murphy (Greenback) \n\n(For four-year-term.) \n\n*J. S. Marmaduke (D.) 3,815 \n\nEdmund D. Harper (R.) 1,176 \n\nW. Hopkins (Greenback) \n\n(For two-year term.) \n\n*John Walker (D.) 3,819 \n\nIsaac Hayes (R.) 1,173 \n\nMarvin R. Banks (Greenback) 8 \n\n\n\n506 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nELECTION KETTJRNS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued. \n\n\n\nCONGRESS. \n\n*John B. Clark, Jr. (D.) 8,809 \n\n*M. L. DeMotte (K.) 1,161 \n\nSTATE SENATE. \n\n*John A. Mood (D. no op.) 3,886 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE. \n\n*W. E. Wilhite (D. no op.) 3,710 \n\nCOUNTY COURT JUDGE. \n\n*David Pipes (D. no op.) 3,804 \n\nPROBATE JUDGE. \n\n*John Hinton (D. no op.) 4,000 \n\nCOLLECTOR. \n\nEli Hodge (D. nom.) 2,157 \n\n*J. C. Gillaspy (D. ind.) 2,622 \n\nC. T. Worley (D. ind.). 76 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\nJosiah W. Stone (D.nom.) 2,330 \n\n^James C. Orr (D. ind.) 2,450 \n\nC. T. Worley (D. ind.) 81 \n\nTREASURER. \n\n*K. B. Price (D. nom.) 2,225 \n\nJ. M. Samuel (D. ind.) 2,609 \n\nPUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR. \n\n*Wm. J. Babb (D. no op.) 8,866 \n\nSURVEYOR. \n\nWm. W. Beazley \' (D. nom.) 2,491 \n\nGeorge E. Flood (D. ind.) 2,036 \n\nASSESSOR. \n\n*T. B. Searcy (D. no op.) 4,040 \n\nPROSECUTING ATTORNEY. \n\n*S. C. Dpuglass (D. no op.) 8,922 \n\nCORONER. \n\n*Sherwood Harris (D. nom.) 2,415 \n\nRobert P. Neally (D. ind.) 1,718 \n\nJUDGE OF SUPREME COURT. \n\n*E. H. Norton (D.) 4,095 \n\nA. F. Denny (R) 772 \n\nA. L. Gilstrap (G. B.) 29 \n\nSTATE SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS. \n\n*R. D. Shannon (D.) ,.,, 4,080 \n\nRoderick Baldwin (R.) 763 \n\nE. R. Booth (G. B.) 48 \n\nREGISTER OF LANDS. \n\n*J. E. McHenry (D.) 4,075 \n\n"W. N. Norville(R.) 762 \n\nA. W. St. John (G. B.) 47 \n\n1 Not a candidate. \n\n\n\nRAILROAD COMMISSIONER. \n\n*A. M. Sevier (D.) 2,322 \n\nJohn Walker 1 (D.) 1,748 \n\nJ. P. Tracy(R.) 756 \n\nIvers Hayden (G. B.) 6 \n\nCONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT. \n\nPoll tax school purposes.. | Jo\';-;;;; 3 J22 \n\nCONGRESS. \n\n*JohnB. Clark, Jr. (D.), no opp 4,184 \n\nSTATE SENATOR. \n\n*J. A, Hockaday (D.), no opp 4,202 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE., \n\nWellington Gordon (D.) 1,504 \n\n*J. W. Kneisley (D.) 2,040 \n\nG, W. Riggins (D.) 522 \n\nJ. S. Roselle (G. B.) 743 \n\nPROSECUTING ATTORNEY. \n\n*S. C. Douglass (D.) 2,809 \n\nJ. DeW. Robinson (D.) 1,785 \n\nF. F. C. Triplett (D.) 255 \n\nCIRCUIT COURT CLERK. \n\n*W. W. Garth (D.) 2,484 \n\nJ. A. Woodson (D.) 2,414 \n\nCOUNTY COURT CLERK. \n\n*W. W. Batterton (D.)..... 3,201 \n\nF. B. Young (D.) 772 \n\nH. N. Cook (R.) 773 \n\nTREASURER. \n\n*.John M. Samuel (D.), no opp 4,383 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\nJ. C. Orr(D.) 2,460 \n\n*J. W. Stone (D.) 2,471 \n\nCOLLECTOR. \n\n*J. C. Gillaspy (D.). 3,109 \n\nW. R. Jackson (D.) 1,717 \n\nASSESSOR. \n\nM. G. Corlew (D.) 1,101 \n\nJ. L. Henry (D.) \'. 1,589 \n\n*M. G. Quinn (D.) , 1,618 \n\nE. S. Sturgeon (D.) 156 \n\nC. C. Torbitt (D.) 240 \n\nR. L. Withers (D.) 169 \n\nPRESIDING JUDGE COUNTY COURT. \n\nJ. A. Boulton (D.) 1,965 \n\n*David Pipes (D.) 2,698 \n\nJohn Vanhorn (R.) 61 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n507 \n\n\n\nELECTION RETTJENS \xe2\x80\x94 Continued, \n\n\n\nCOUNTY JUDGE \xe2\x80\x94 N. DISTRICT. \n\nJ. M, Angell (D.) 568 \n\nT. B. Gentry (D.) 643 \n\nM. M. Jesse (D.) 184 \n\n-\xc2\xbbW. F. Eoberts (D.) 729 \n\nW. L. Victor (D.) 424 \n\nCOUNTY JUDGE \xe2\x80\x94 S. DISTRICT. \n\nJackson T. Burnam (G. B.) 122 \n\nM. D. Cook (D.) 441 \n\n*James Harris (D.) 581 \n\nS. B. Hatton (D.) 346 \n\nE. W. McClanahan (D.) 516 \n\nCORONER. \n\n^W. H. Allen (D.) 4,111 \n\nSherwood Harris (D.) 217 \n\nFUNDING COUNTY BONDS. \n\n^ ,. , . ^e ./Yes 4,087 \n\nFunding bonds at 6 per cent < -^^ \'^gg \n\nNOVEMBEK, 1880. \n\nPRESIDENT. \n\nW. S. Hancock (D.) 3,269 \n\n^J. A. Garfield (K.). 1,170 \n\nJ. B. Weaver (G.) 418 \n\nCONGRESS. \n\n*J. B. Clark, Jr. (D.) , 3,248 \n\nJ. C. Heberling (G.) 915 \n\nGOVERNOR, \n\n*T. T. Crittenden (D.) 3,226 \n\nDavid P. Dyer (E.) 1,168 \n\nL. A. Brown (G.) 464 \n\nLIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR. \n\n*E. A. Campbell (D.) 3,259 \n\nMile Blair (E.) 1,167- \n\nH.F. Fellows (G.) 434 \n\nSECRETARY OF STATE. \n\n*M. K. McGrath (D.) 3,262 \n\nJ. C. Broadwell (E.) 1,167 \n\nOrvilleD. Jones (G.) 432 \n\nSTATE AUDITOR. \n\n*John Walker (D.) 3,292 \n\nL. A. Thompson (E.) 1,165 \n\nDr. A. C. Markis (G.) 410 \n\nSTATE TREASURER. \n\n*P. E. Chappell (D.)....i 3,265 \n\nW. Q. Dallmeyer (E.) 1,182 \n\nJohn M. Sneed (G.) 421 \n\nATTORNEY-GENERAL. \n\n*D. H. Mclntyre (D.) 3,279 \n\nH. H. Harding (E.) 1,168 \n\nA. N. McGindley (G.) 425 \n\n\n\nREGISTER OF LANDS. \n\n*Eobert McCulloch (D.) 3,294 \n\nG. B. Herenden (E.) .\' 1,166 \n\nJ. A. Mattinee (G.) 424 \n\nSUPREME JUDGE. \n\n*EobertD. Eay (D ) 3,275 \n\nJ.V. C. Karnes (E.) 1,167 \n\nPeter E. Bland (G.) 428 \n\nRAILROAD COMMISSIONER. \n\n*GeorgeC. Pratt (D.) 2,982 \n\nH. Barnes (col\'d E.) 1,117 \n\nJ. B. Alexander (G.) 428 \n\nSTATE SENATE. \n\n*J. L. Stephens (D.) 3,224 \n\nJ. S. Eoselle (G.) 1,072 \n\nCIRCUIT JUDGE. \n\n*G. H. Burckhartt (D.) 2,390 \n\nW. A- Martin (D.) 1,519 \n\nREPRESENTATIVE. \n\n*J. W. Kneisley (D.) 2,905 \n\nW. J. Booth (E.) 1,386 \n\nS.B. Hatton (I. D.) 229 \n\nCOUNTY JUDGE \xe2\x80\x94 N. DISTRICT. \n\n*Wm. F. Eoberts (D.) 1,888 \n\nCOUNTY JUDGE \xe2\x80\x94 S. DISTRICT. \n\n*W. p. Tuttle (D.) 1,464 \n\nJ. H. McGhee(I.D.) 270 \n\nPROSECUTING ATTORNEY. \n\n*J. De W. Eobinson (D.) 3,592 \n\nCOLLECTOR. \n\n*James C. Orr (D.) 3,373 \n\nEli Hodge (I. D.) 1,198 \n\nTREASURER. \n\n*John M. Samuel (D.) 8,620 \n\nJUDGE OF PROBATE. \n\n*John Hinton (D.) 8,782 \n\nSHERIFF. \n\n*Jos. W. Stone (D.) 3,878 \n\nASSESSOR. \n\n*M. G. Quinn (D.) 3,750 \n\nJ. P. Kennard (I. D.) 224 \n\nPUBLIC ADMINISTRATOR. \n\n*Wm. J. Babb (D.) 3,554 \n\nSURVEYOR. \n\n*W. E. Wright (D.) 3,693 \n\nCORONER. \n\n*Charles Y. Trice (D.) 3,223 \n\nJ. H. Hickam (I. D.) 202 \n\nFrank M. Miller (E.) 195 \n\nTotal vote polled, 4,895. \n\n\n\n508 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n1870. \xe2\x80\x94 The excitement and ill-feeling consequent upon the stringent \nregistration of 1868 did not pass away with the election, for the grand \njury in Boone county in January, 1870, indicted Lewis O. Clough, one \nof the registrars, for the refusal and failure of himself and the other \nregistrars to register A.J. Harbison, Monroe Bateman, Eli Mars, and \nperhaps others, as accepted voters, and on Saturday, January 8, 1870, \nhe was arrested at his home in Claysville by Deputy Sheriff Henry \nKeene. \n\nOn his arrival here Clough was discharged on $1,500 bail, a large \nnumber of citizens going on his bond, Clough obtained a change of \n\nvenue to county, where after continuances the case was finally \n\ndismissed. \n\nThe Missouri annual conference of the M. E. Church South held an \nannual meeting in Columbia commencing on September 14, 1870. \nBishops McTyeire and Marvin were present, the former presiding \nmost of the time. Revs. John D. Vincil, J. H. Pritchett and H. A. \nBourland were secretaries. The conference numbered 132 members, \nclerical and lay \xe2\x80\x94 30 of the latter. Some 300 persons were in at- \ntendance and were provided with homes during the conference by the \npeople of the town and vicinity. \n\nREGISTRATION OF 1870. \n\nThis was the last registration of voters made in the county, ac- \ncompanied by the test oath, as at the election that year a constitu- \ntional amendment was adopted abolishing the oath. It was con- \nducted by Lewis M. Switzler, supervisor of registration, and Wm. \nH. Allen, John B. Allison and James Madison West, registrars. \nTotal number of white accepted voters, 1,968. Colored, 600. Total, \n2,568. Total number rejected in the county, 120. \n\nPUBLIC MEETINGS IN HONOR OF GEN. R. E. LEE. \n\nOn Saturday, November 5, 1870, the audience which assembled in \nthe Baptist Church in Columbia to testify their appreciation of the \ncharacter of Gen. E. E. Lee, was worthy of the occasion. It was \ncomposed of a large number of the best citizens of town and county, \namong whom were many ladies. The meeting was called to order by \nDr. W. H. Duncan, on whose motion Prof. Geo. C. Swallow was \ncalled to j)reside ; after which Edwin W. Stephens and Lewis M. \nSwitzler were made secretaries. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 509 \n\nGen. Lee, having been for many years a member of the Episcopal \nChurch, the meeting was opened by Rev. Dr. Jennings, who read \na portion of the burial service of that church, concluding with a brief \nand appropriate prayer ; after which the orator of tlie day, Capt. F. F. \nC. Triplett was introduced, who proceeded to deliver a very chaste, or- \nnate and elegant address. \n\nOther remarks being called for, Mr. E. W. Stephens delivered an \naddress, concluding by the introduction of the following resolu- \ntions : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, It has pleased an over-ruling Providence to remove from the scene of his \nlabors Gen. Kobert E. Lee, late commander-in-chief of the armies of the Confederate \nStates, and President of Washington College, Lexington, Virginia, thus visiting vs^ith pain- \nful bereavement the family of the deceased and thousands in this and other lands, who ad- \nmire and reverence his life and character ; and, \n\nWhereas, We behold in the career of Gen. Lee those great qualities of mind and heart \nwhich distinguished their possessor, with the virtues of skill, temperance and courage in the \nfield; wisdom and courtesy in the council, and fortitude and dignity in defeat; and, \n\nWhereas, We find in him a character without ambition as a citizen, illumined by those \ntraits of Christian excellence which commanded the admiration of even his adversaries and \nthe warmest esteem and a9"ection of his associates. Therefore, be it \n\nResolved, That while we bow in submission to this visitation of Divine Providence, we \nrecognize in the death of Gen. Lee, the loss of a great and good man, of a brilliant warrior, \nof a true and unswerving patriot, devoted at all times to what he conceived to be the wel- \nfare of his own country, a distinguished and useful citizen, skilled no less in the arts of \npeace than of war, and that the cause of popular culture is deprived of a representative \nwhose influence will be felt long after the passions of the present shall have died away into \nhistory, and that in his humility, piety and Christian devotion he has left a model fit for \nimitation through all succeeding time. \n\nResolved, That a copy of these resolutions be transmitted to the family of the deceased, \nand to the public prints of this city for publication. \n\nThe resolutions were seconded by W. F. Switzler, in a few remarks, \nand they were passed unanimously. \n\nLEE MEETING IN ROCHEPOET. \n\nOn Saturday, September 17, 1870, a large number of people of \nboth sexes assembled in the Christian Church in Rocheport to do \nhonor to the memory of Gen. Robert E. Lee, It was organized by \ncalling Dr. W. J. Roberts to the chair and electing J. DeW. Robin- \nson secretary. The proceedings were opened by prayer by Elder N. \nB. Peeler, after which J. DeW. Robinson introduced to the audience \nGen. John B. Clark, Sr., the orator of the day, who proceeded to de- \nliver a very appropriate, feeling and temperate oration commemora- \ntive of the character of Gen. Lee. \n\nMr. J. DeW. Robinson being called for by the audience, made a \n\n\n\n510 HISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbrief address and introduced the following resolutions, which were \nimanimously adopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, Death has taken from us Gen. Robt. E. Lee, a man whom we delighted to \nhonor while living, and whose memory we revere and cherish, now dead ; and \n\n"Whereas, We recognize in him preeminently the qualities of skill, courage and prudence \nin the field, modesty and wisdom in council, and fortitude and dignity in defeat. \n\nResolved, Therefore, that the whole country has sustained in the death of Gen. Lee an \nirreparable loss ; that he was as perfect a character as the American Continent ever pro- \nduced \xe2\x80\x94 a good man, a brilliant warrior, and an uncompromising patriot: in a word he \nwas a model character, worthy to be imitated in all coming time. \n\nResolved, That a copy of these resolutions be transmitted to the family of the deceased, \nand furnished for publication to the Columbia, Fayette and Boonville papers. \n\nAfter which, calls being made upon them by the audience, remarks \nwere made by W. F. Switzler and E. W. Stephens. Then the meet- \ning adjourned. \n\nRAILROAD MEETINGS IN ASHLAND. \n\n1871. A laro;e and enthusiastic meeting of the citizens of Cedar \ntownship assembled in Ashland on the 18th of February, 1871, for the \npurpose of considering the feasibility of building a railroad from Co- \nlumbia to Jefi\'erson City, and for taking such action on the subject as \nthe meeting might deem expedient. \n\nOn motion, A. C Payne, Esq., was called to the chair and H. C. \nJPierce was appointed secretary. \n\nOn motion, E. M. Bass, J. T. M. Johnston and Maj. J. S. Strode \nwere appointed a committee to draft resolutions expressive of the \nsentiments of the meeting. \n\nWhilst the committee were in retirement Wm. F. Switzler, being \ncalled upon, addressed the meeting, at the conclusion of which the \ncommittee reported the following resolutions, which were unanimously \nadopted : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. Resolved, That it is for the benefit of the township and county that a railroad be built \nfrom Columbia to Jefi\'erson City, by the most direct and practicable route. \n\n2. Resolved, That a committee consisting of thirteen members, to wit: W. C. Rickey, P. \nJ. Rufi\'ner, A. G. Payne, Ev. M. Bass, James Harris, Peter Ellis, A. Tandy, T. B. Hickman, \nJames L. Stephens, R. B. Price, Alex. Bradford, W. B. Strode and Hiram Smith be ap- \npointed to inquire into the cost of such road, to ascertain the amount of subscription which \ncan be obtained for it, the aid which the Pacific Railroad will grant to it, to urge upon the \ncitizens of Cedar and Columbia townships the propriety of voting a township subscription \nto it, and that this committee be required to report to a meeting to be held in the town of \nAshland on such day as they may appoint by publication in the Columbia Statesman and \nColumbia Herald. \n\nOn motion, Wm. F. Switzler, James L. Stephens and James Harris \nwere appointed a committee to wait on the Legislature of Missouri \nand ascertain what aid the State will give to this enterprise. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 511 \n\nAnother meeting on the same subject was held in Ashland on Sat- \nurday, December 2, 1871, of which Wra. Vanausdal was made pres- \nident and Thos. J. Neal secretary. Resolutions were unanimously \npassed cordially endorsing the proposed road, and recommending that \nsubscriptions be made by the citizens. \n\nThe meeting was addressed by Hon. Arnold Krekel, Judge of the \nUnited States District Court for the Western District of Missouri ; \nHon. H. Clay Ewing, and Mr. J. E. Belch, all of Jefferson City, and \nCapt. H. C. Pierce, of Columbia. \n\nDuring the session of the County Court commencing on Monday, \nDecember 11, 1871, a petition, signed by forty citizens of Cedar town- \nship, was presented expressing the desire to take stock in the proposed \nrailroad from Jefferson City to Columbia, through Cedar township, to \nthe amount of $80,000 in township bonds, payable in ten, fifteen, and \ntwenty years, and asking the court to make an order for a special \nregistration and election, with the view of ascertaining the will of the \npeople in the premises ; whereupon the court ordered a special reg- \nistration, on Tuesday, December 26, 1871, and a special election on \nSaturday, January 6, 1872, for the purpose mentioned. \n\nAnother large meeting was held in Ashland on Friday, December \n15, 1871, to consider the question of the railroad \xe2\x80\x94 John L.Bass, \npresident, and Eli Penter, secretary. Speeches were made in favor \nof the enterprise by Judge George W. Miller, of Jefferson City; \nW. F.Switzler, H. C. Pierce and J. DeW. Pobinson, of Columbia, \nand Judge James Harris. \n\nCEDAR TOWNSHIP RAILROAD VOTE. \n\nPursuant to the order of the court, an election was held at the vot- \ning precincts in that township, on Saturday, January 6, 1872, on the \nproposition to take stock in the proposed railroad. The day was very \ncold, yet quite a respectable number of voters were at the polls, the \nresult being as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nPRECINCTS. TES. NO. \n\nAshland 355 82 \n\nClaysville 82 6 \n\nProvidence , 10 91 \n\nTotals 447 129 \n\nMajority for the bonds ....\' \xe2\x80\xa2 318 \n\nTotal vote cast 576 \n\nThe total vote in favor of the proposed subscription by Cedar \n\n\n\n512 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntownship being 447, and 384 being two-thirds of the whole vote \n(576) cast, the proposition carried by two-thirds and sixty-three \nover. \n\nAlthough the people of Cedar, Columbia and Missouri townships \nvoted the bonds asked of them to aid in the construction of this rail- \nroad, it was never built, owing chiefly to the failure of Moniteau and \nFranklin townships, in Howard County, to second the proposition. \n\nBOONE COUNTY REGISTRARS. \n\nA new and far more liberal registration law \xe2\x80\x94 abolishing the test \noath \xe2\x80\x94 having been passed by the Legislature, (approved March 10, \n1871 , ) the County Court of Boone County appointed the following: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nRegistrars. \xe2\x80\x94 At Sturgeon, S. F. Cross; at Centralia, J. M. West; at Hallsville, W. W \nTucker; at Columbia, L. M. Switzler; at Ashland, A. G. Payne; at Claysville, Joseph G. \nJones ; at Providence, B. F. Orear ; at Strawn\'s S. H., Dr. John A. Vanlandinghara ; at \nRocheport, F. Bentley; at Pvowland\'s S. H., H. M. Petty. \n\nDECORATION DAY AT CENTRALIA. \n\n1872.\xe2\x80\x94 On Thursday, May 30, 1872, the graves at Centralia of the \nsoldiers of the 39th Regiment of Missouri Volunteer Infantry, killed \nin action with the command of Bill Anderson, on September 27, 1864, \nwere decorated with flowers, amid appropriate ceremonies. Delega- \ntions were present from Mexico, Macon City, Moberly and other \npoints. \n\nThe delegations were formally received by the citizens of Centralia, \nand every courtesy and attention extended to them. A speech of \nwelcome was made by the chairman of the Board of Trustees, D. S. \nFlagg. After this a procession was formed which marched to the \ngraves of the soldiers. Here an organization was made, prayer \noffered hy Rev. W. F. Clayton, of Moberly. Music by the Moberly \nSilver Cornet Band followed, after which an opening address was \nmade by S. P. McCormick. Following this came the decoration of \nthe graves, accompanied with solemn music. There was an ample \nabundance of the most beautiful flowers. Dr. A. F. Sneed, of Cen- \ntralia, detailed the incidents and particulars of the battle in which \nthe soldiers fell. Gen. T. J. Jones, Maj. Clements, of Macon City, \nand M. F. Simmons, of Mexico, also made addresses. \n\nPOLITICAL THE PASSIVE POLICY ENDORSED. \n\nIn pursuance of a call by the chairman of the Democratic County \nCentral Committee, the Democracy of Boone County assembled in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 513 \n\nconvention at the court house in Columbia, on Monday, June 3, 1872, \nfor the purpose of selecting delegates to the State convention to be \nheld at Jefterson City on June 12, and to take action in regard to the \nPresidential campaign. On motion of Dr. C. Q. Chandler, member \nof the County Central Committee, Judge John Y. Batterton, of Stur- \ngeon, was made president of the convention, and E, W. Stephens, of \nthe Columbia Herald, John W. Jacks, of the Sturgeon Leader, F. B. \nBysfield, of the Eocheport Enterprise, and Lewis M. Switzler, of the \nColumbia Statesman were made secretaries. Col. Wm. F. Switzler \nintroduced the following resolutions : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That we deem it inexpedient for the Democratic party of the United States to \nmake any nominations for the Presidency and Vice-Presidency at the Baltimore convention. \n\n2. That in expressing our decided opposition to nominations for President and Vice- \nPresident by the Baltimore convention, we at the same time, are for maintaining the or- \nganization of the Democratic part3% intact and thorough, in Missouri and all the States of \nthe Union. \n\nCapt. F. F. C. Triplett offered the following as a substitute : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That in the restoration of the rights of the States, as recognized before the late \ncivil war, and the restricting of the general government to its constitutional functions, we \nsee the only hope of the recovery of liberty. \n\n2. That our delegates to the State Democratic convention to be heldj,in Jefferson City \non the 12th of June, shall go untrammelled by instructions, and then, in our opinion, the \ndelegates to the convention to be held in Baltimore on the 9th of July, proximo, should be \nequally free to consult with delegations from other States, and to act on their best judgment \nas formed upon such consultation. \n\nAfter some discussion H. L. Gray moved that a committee of one \nfrom each township be appointed by the President to report on all \nresolutions ofiered. \n\nCol. W. F. Switzler, Capt. F. F. C. Triplett, A. G. Newman, J. \nM. Barron, Col. J. H. Moss, Squire Turner, J. T. Singleton, J. P. \nHorner and J. I. Hickman made remarks. Mr. Gray\'s motion was \nlost. J. DeW. Robinson offered the following resolution : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nResolved, That we, the Democracy of Boone county, in convention assembled, deem it \ninexpedient, under existing circumstances, that the National Democratic convention when \nassembled nominate candidates for President and Vice-President. \n\n2. That we are opposed to the disbanding of the Democratic party, and will never con. \nsent to its dissolution. \n\n3. That we adhere to the Democratic doctrine as taught by Jefferson and Madison, and \nare uncompromisingly opposed to all amendments to the Federal constitution which look to \nconsolidation or centralization. \n\nThe substitute offered by Capt. Triplett was adopted, also the reso- \nlutions offered by Col. Switzler. Mr. Robinson stated that for the \nsake of preserving harmony he withdrew his resolutions. \n33 \n\n\n\n514 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJ. M. Barron moved that the President appoint a committee con- \nsisting of one from each township to select three delegates from each \ntownship to represent Boone county in the State Convention. Car- \nried; and the chair appointed the following: Kocky Fork, J. M. \nBarron ; Perche, M. G. Corlew ; Bourbon, W. E. Wright ; Missouri^ \nL. Grossman ; Cedar, John Ellis ; Columbia, F. C. More. \n\nOn motion of Col. Switzler, Col. A. A. Anderson, a Democratic \ncandidate for Congress in this district, was then invited to address \nthe convention, which he did in a brief and pertinent address. \n\nPRESBYTERIAN SYNOD. \n\nThe representatives of the Presbyterian Church (O. S.) of Missouri, \nconvened in annual synod in Columbia on Tuesday, October 8, 1872, \nRev. Dr. Lacy, of St. Louis, preaching the introductory sermon. \nModerator, Rev. Dr. John Montgomery ; recording clerk, Rev. \nEdwin M. Yantis ; reading clerk. Rev. J. L. Lapsley. \n\nSALE OF THE BOONE COUNTY AND JEFFERSON CITY RAILROAD, \n\n1873. \xe2\x80\x94 On the 3d day of December, 1866, the Boone County and \nJefferson City Railroad Company, or what is popularly known as the \nColumbia Branch of the old North Missouri Railroad, executed a deed \nof trust to Joseph B. Douglass, Arthur B. Barrett, and Robert E. Carr, \nand to their successors, conveying to them as trustees the property, \nrights and franchises of said railway, to secure the payment of three \nhundred bonds of one thousand dollars each, executed by said Boone \nCounty and Jeiferson City Railroad Company, bearing date July 15th, \n1866, and payable twenty years after date, with interest thereon at \nthe rate of eight per centum per annum, payable semi-annually on \nthe 15th of January and July in each year. It was provided that if \nthe bonds or any installment of interest thereon should not be paid \nwhen due, and should so remain unpaid for the period of sixty days, \nthat then the trustees might at the request of holder or holders of said \nbonds, the principal or interest of which should then be in default, \nproceed to sell the road, at public auction, to the highest bidder \nfor cash. \n\nDefault having been made in the payment of the interest due upon \nthe bonds named, and at the request of a large number of the hold- \ners of them, the trustees, after three months\' public notice proceeded \nat two o\'clock on Wednesday, April 23d, 1873, before the court house \ndoor, in Columbia, to sell the road to the highest bidder. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 515 \n\nThe sale of so large an amount of property, the largest ever offered \nat one time hi the county, very naturally excited much public interest \nand attracted a large number of people. \n\nIn addition to quite an assemblage of our own citizens, the follow- \ning gentlemen from St. Louis were attracted hither by the sale : J. J. \nMitchell, president of the St. Louis, Kansas City, and Northern Rail- \nway ; W. C. Van Home, general superintendent, and John M. Wood- \nson, attorney, of the same railway ; Robert E. Carr, president of \nthe Kansas Pacific ; W. E. Burr, president of the St. Louis National \nBank, and A. B. Barrett, one of the trustees and president of the \nSt. Louis Agricultural and Mechanical Association. \n\nAt the appointed hour \xe2\x80\x94 two o\'clock p. m. \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. J. B. Douglass, \none of the trustees, mounted the court house steps, stated the pur- \npose of meeting together, read the advertisement of sale, and \ncalled for bids, and received them as follows : \n\nPirst bid by W. E. Burr, St. Louis $15,000 \n\nSecond bid by Wm. H. Jacobs, of Boone, 20,000 \n\nThird bid by W. E. Burr 25,000 \n\nFourth bid by C. T. Worley, of Columbia 26,000 \n\nFifth bid by W. B. Burr 30,000 \n\nWhich beino\' the last and hio-hest bid the road was knocked off to Mr. \nBurr, who it was publicly announced represented the holders of the \nbonds, said bondholders thus becoming the legal owners of the road. \n\nTHE LOST FOUND THE DEAD ALIVE. \n\nJames and Benjamin Payne, two brothers, together with their father \nand mother, brothers and sisters, were born and lived in Smith \nCounty, Tennessee, about fifty miles east of Nashville, James was \nborn in 1800, and Benjamin in 1810, and therefore in 1873 were sev- \nenty-three and sixty-three years old respectively. Li 1818, when \nJames was in his eighteenth and Benjamin in his eighth year, James \nleft home with his grandfather, John Payne, to come to Missouri, \nleaving Benjamin and the balance of the family in Smith County. \nJames settled with his grandfather in this county, where he has re- \nmained ever since. Benjamin grew up to manhood, remained in Ten- \nnessee and traded South till 1851, twenty -two years ago, when he \nmoved with his family to Sangamon County, Illinois, fifteen miles \nfrom Springfield, where he now lives. \n\nUntil sometime during 1873 each supposed the other dead many \n\n\n\n516 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlong years ago ; but not long after by the merest accident the Illinois \nbrother heard that James was still living. He could not at first credit \nit, but investigations by letter and otherwise convinced him the lost \nwas found and the dead had come to life. \n\nTherefore they arranged it by correspondence to meet each other in \nColumbia on Wednesday, May 21st, 1873, on the arrival of the morn- \ning train, Benjamin coming by rail from Illinois and James on horse- \nback from his farm in this neighborhood, and the appointment was \nstrictly fulfilled. Thus these two brothers, now old men, met each \nother after a separation of more than fifty years and a most affecting, \njoyful meeting it was, such as the ills and trials of earth do not often \nvouchsafe to brothers on earth. \n\nSTOCK LAW ELECTION. \n\nOn Tuesday, November 4th, 1873, a special election was held in \nBoone County, for the purpose of deciding whether a majority of the \npeople were in favor of adopting and enforcing in this county the law \nto prevent domestic animals \xe2\x80\x94 horses, cattle, mules, hogs, sheep, \netc. \xe2\x80\x94 from running at large, that is, outside of an inclosure of \ntheir owners. The question was decided in the negative as fol- \nlows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nVoting Places. Yes. No. \n\nAshland 43 275 \n\n\xe2\x82\xaclaysville 26 50 \n\nColumbia , 129 317 \n\n\xe2\x82\xacentralia 18 92 \n\nEverett 14 59 \n\nHallsvlUe 33 168 \n\nProvidence 25 92 \n\nEocheport 51 130 \n\nStrawn\'s 23 56 \n\nSturgeon 27 206 \n\nTotal 389 1,445 \n\nMajority against the law 1,056 \n\nWhole number of votes cast 1,736 \n\nCOLUMBIA AND ROCKBRIDGE GRAVEL ROAD. \n\nThe directors of the Columbia and Rockbridge Gravel Road Company \nmet in Columbia, on Monday, November 29th, pursuant to a call of \nthe meeting of the stockholders, held November 22, 1875. Present, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 517 \n\nJames S. Rollins, Joseph Estes, David Emmett, Isom Williams and \nH. L. Beasley. \n\nMoved and seconded that Maj. Rollins be appointed temporary \nchairman, and H. L. Beaslej act as temporary secretary. Carried. \n\nIt was resolved on motion of David Emmett that in order to \ncomplete this road subscriptions to the amount of at least $10,000 \nin addition to those already obtained must be secured ; and J. De W. \nRobinson, Isom Williams and J, S. Rollins were appointed to solicit \nfurther subscriptions. Failing to obtain them an appeal to the \nCounty Court for aid, by an appropriation of $5,000, was made. \nThis was unsuccessful and the directors were forced to abandon the \nenterprise. \n\nTHE CENTENNIAL YEAR EVIDENCES OF PATRIOTISM IN BOONE \n\nCOUNTY \xe2\x80\x94 MARTHA WASHINGTON RECEPTION AT COLUMBIA. \n\n1876. \xe2\x80\x94 We have had many good things in Columbia in the form of \nfestivals, musical concerts, readings, lectures, dramatic entertainments, \netc., etc., etc., in aid of church and benevolent objects, but we believe \nit is generally admitted that " Ye Martha Washington Reception " at \nthe Court House, on Tuesday night, March 2, 1876, was the most \nunique and successful exhibition ever made here. It certainly had the \nmerit of rekindling the patriotic memories of our people, and afforded \na fitting occasion for the exhibition of that love of country which \nshould distinguish all Americans. \n\nThe programme, which purported to give " a Wste of ye greate \nfolkes who are to be present, also the order and titles of ye tableaux, \nand likewise a lyste of ye national hymns and other worldly songs, \nwh are to be sunge and played," is as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nMARTHA Washington\'s (mrs. j. s. rollins\'s) reception. \n\nGeorge and Martha Washington \xe2\x80\x94 Hon. J. S. Kollins and wife. Ye following Greate \nFolkes were presented by Gen. George Washington : Gen. and Lady Washington (in minia- \nture), Master Gay Gordon and Miss Susie Trimble ; Thomas Jefferson and Mrs. Jefferson, \nK. B. Price and wife ; John Adams and Mrs. Adams, Geo. W. Trimble and wife ; John Jay, \nPhilemon Bliss ; Benjamin Franklin and wife, W. F. Switzler and wife ; Gen. Mifflin and \nwife, T. B. Gentry and wife ; Gen. Knox, John M. Samuel ; Gen. and Mrs. Lafayette, E. 0. \nMore and wife; John Hancock, Jas. C. Gillaspy; Dr. Benjamin Eush, Dr. Paul Hubbard; \nKobert Morris and Mrs. Morris, E. L. Ripley and wife ; Gen. and Mrs Greene, L O. Hock- \naday and Mrs. J. H. Eollins ; Gen. Lincoln, Dr. W. T. Maupin; John Smith, James W. \nRipley; Pocahontas, Miss T. Todd: Gen. Steuben, David M. Hickman; "Uncle Sam." \nJames F. Hurt; Washington\'s Private Secretary, Warren Switzler; Miss Nellie Custis, Miss \n\n\n\n518 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nFlotie Eollins; "Tom Collins," Lewis M. Sv/itzler; Gen. Jonathan Trumbull, G. Bing. \nKoUins; Mr. and Mrs. Brown (Quakers), J. Scott Branham and Miss Bettie P. Todd; Squire \nBowden, Dr. G. W. Riggans ; Mrs. Thompkins, Mrs. G. C. Swallow ; Mrs. Ware, Mrs. M. \nE. Banks. Tableaux. 1. "Washington\'s Di-eam of Liberty \xe2\x80\x94 Scene 1st, Court of George \nIIL, James M. Ferguson, King; Miss Emma Price, Queen; scene 2d, Thirteen States \xe2\x80\x94 \nLiberty. 2. Molly Pitcher at the Cannon, Miss C. L. McAfee. 3. Song, " John Anderson, \nmj- Jo John," Miss Anna H. Stephens. 4. The Kitchen. 5. William Tell and son, J. W. \nEipley and Ollie Gentry. 6. Interview between Washington, Franklin and Lafayette, fol- \nlowed by the Marseilles Hymn by the choir. 7. The Trades. 8. The Star Spangled Banner \n(song), by the choir. 9. "E Pluribus Unum," sung by Mrs. E. C. More. \n\nA platform extending across the entire length of the court house, \nand carpeted and otherwise appro^Driately furnished, served as the re- \nception room ; the audience, which was about as large as ever seen \nin the court house, occupying seats elsewhere in the room. Flags* \nlarge and small, pictures of George and Martha Washington and of \nrevolutionary scenes hung upon the walls. \n\nHon. J. S. Rollins and wife, costumed as their great prototypes \nwere, personated President Washington and wife, and they did it \nsplendidly. The entertainment opened with " Martha Washington\'s \nReception," which consisted of the ceremony of President Washington \nreceiving, and introducing to his wife, after the manner of similar re- \nceptions in revolutionary times, \'* Ye Greate Folkes " mentioned in \nthe above programme, all of whom were dressed in the costumes of \nthat period. Warren Switzler acted as President Washington\'s pri- \nvate secretary and usher, and at the door received the cards of the \ncallers as they entered and announced their names. " Ye Reception " \nwas a most interesting and attractive introduction to what followed, \nand was conducted throughout in exquisite taste and with great \nsuccess. \n\n"Washington\'s Dream of Liberty," consisting of two scenes, was \nquite impressive and successful. J. M. Ferguson personated George \nIII, and Miss Emma Price, his Queen ; and the following young ladies \nrepresented the goddesses mentioned: Miss Mary A. Douglass, Tyr- \nanny ; Miss Sarah Matthews, Justice ; Miss Ella Dimmitt, Liberty ; \nMiss Zela Gillette, War ; Miss C. P. Switzler, Hope. \n\nThe song, " John Anderson, my Jo John," by Miss Anna H. \nStephens, was sung in her proverbially exquisite and successful \nmanner. \n\nThe interview between Washington, Franklin and Lafayette and \nthe Marseilles hymn was regarded as one of the most interesting por- \ntions of the programme. Gen. Washington was personated by Maj. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 519 \n\nEoUins ; Marquis de Lafayette, by E. C. More, and Dr. Franklin by \nW. F. Switzler ; and the performance consisted ol a scene improvised \nby poetic license for the occasion, for it never actually occurred in \nhistory. Dr. Franklin as. one of the commissioners to France in 1777, \nto interest the government and people of France in the struggle qi \nthe thirteen States for liberty, was represented as returning to the \nUnited States with Lafayette, whom he introduced in a speech to \nGen. Washington, to which he responds, cordially accepting the ser- \nvices of Lafayette. To this speech Lafayette replied, very feelingly, \nand in broken English with the peculiar French accent. \n\nThe " Star Spangled Banner," sung by the choir of the Baptist \nchurch, was executed in splendid style and stirred the patriotic feel- \nings of all present from their profoundest depths. \n\nThe evening\'s entertainment was befittingly closed by " E Pluribus \nUnum," sung by Mrs. E. C. More, and sung with a pathos and power \nthat elicited the warmest applause. \n\nFOURTH OF JULY AT ASHLAND. \n\nThe town was full of people and flags gaily glittered in the breeze \nin every direction. A brass 24-pounder, made to order at Sedalia \nfor the occasion, and paid for by the citizens of Ashland and vicinity, \nwoke the hills and plains for miles around by its national salutes. A \nlong procession, under the command of Chief Marshal Jos. W. John- \nston, with James W. Conly, Ev. M. Bass, Wm. Stone and J. C. Carroll \nas assistants, and headed by the Fulton brass band, marched to West- \nbrook\'s grove in the vicinity of town, where an abundant and elegant \nbasket dinner, more deserving the name of banquet, was served to \nabout one thousand persons. \n\nAbout 2 o\'clock, at a signal given by the band, the large assembly \ncame together around a platform which had been erected in the grove \nfor the accommodation of the Continental Congress, which it was pro- \nposed to personify. Mr. A. G. Payne called the concourse to order, \nbriefly explained the object of the meeting, and invited the members \nof the Congress, fifty-six in number, to seats on the platform. It was \nan imposing, unique demonstration. About half the members ap- \npeared in the costume of the revolutionary period and excited much \ninterest. There sat Gen. Knox of the army, in the person of John \nM. Samuel, and Benjamin Franklin in the person of James C. Orr, of \nColumbia. R. B. Price personated and looked like Thomas Jefferson ; \nWm. F. Switzler, in costume for which he was indebted to the cour- \n\n\n\n520 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\ntesy of Mr. David Emmett, personated John Hancock and presided \nover the conference. The following were the \n\n\n\nMEMBERS OF THE CONGRESS. \n\n\n\nVIRGINIA. \n\nKichard Henry Lee Absent- \nThomas Nelson P. J. Puffner* \n\nThomas Jefferson K. B. Price. \n\nFrancis Lightfoot Lee Dr. James Kerr. \n\nCarter Braxton S. T. Mustain. \n\nGeorge Wythe W. J. Warren- \nBenjamin Harrison E. Penter. \n\nMASSACHUSETTS. \n\nJohn Hancock W. F. Switzler. \n\nJohn Adams J. W. Johnston. \n\nSamuel Adams J, P. Burks. \n\nEobert Treat Payne D. D. Murphy. \n\nPENNSYLVANIA. \n\nBenjamin Franklin James C. Orr. \n\nKobert Morris Col. Thad Hickman. \n\nBenjamin Push T. H. Eoberts. \n\nJohn Morton ....John H. Sappington. \n\nGeorge Clymer D. M. Burnam. \n\nJames Smith Green B. Sappington. \n\nGeorge Taylor L. L. Lindsey. \n\nJames Wilson Seth Whitfield. \n\nGeorge Ross W. C. Scott. \n\nNORTH CAROLINA. \n\nWilliam Hooper B. A. Christian. \n\nJoseph Hughes Dr. H. M. Chevans. \n\nJohn Penn Edmond C. Forbes. \n\nSOUTH CAROLINA. \n\nEdward Eutledge W. H. Wiggins. \n\nThomas Heyward Amos Nichols. \n\nThomas Lynch Foster Martin. \n\nArthur Middleton .H. T. Wright. \n\nGEORGIA. \n\nButton Gwinnett John Barger. \n\nGeorge Walton Dennis Forbis. \n\nLyman Hall J. G. Wiseman. \n\n\n\nNEW JERSEY. \n\nJohn Witherspoon David Brinegar. \n\nRichard Stockton John M. Edwards. \n\nFrancis Hopkins W. H. Bass. \n\nJohn Hart Reuben Forbis. \n\nAbraham Clark Eli M. Bass. \n\nNEW HAMPSHIRE. \n\nJosiah Bartlett J. G. .Tones. \n\nWilliam Whipple Amos T. Nichols. \n\nMatthew Thornton James Pilcher. \n\nCONNECTICUT. \n\nSamuel Huntington Gen. John Ellis. \n\nWilliam Williams Joel Hubbard. \n\nOliver Wolcott William ttapp. \n\nRoger Sherman Walter S. Maupin. \n\nNEW YORK. \n\nJohn Willing John L. Burnam. \n\nWilliam Floyd Robert Emmons. \n\nFrancis Lewis Ed. Burnett. \n\nLewis Morris George Hubbard. \n\nPhilip Livingstone J. W. Grannis. \n\nDELAWARE. \n\nCaesar Rodney John W. Sappington. \n\nGeorge Reed Ev. M. Bass. \n\nThomas McKean R. E. Sappington. \n\nMARYLAND. \n\nSamuel Chase Alexander Gibbs. \n\nThomas Stone \xe2\x80\xa2 Robert Jones. \n\nWilliam Paca A. G. Harrington. \n\nCharles Carroll, Dr. F. G. Sitton. \n\nRHODE ISLAND. \n\nElbridge Gerry Esq. H. T. Britt. \n\nStephen Hopkins E. R. Westbrook. \n\nWilliam Ellery John Baker. \n\nDavid Humphrey .John T. Johnston. \n\n\n\nPursuing the history of the proceedings, the Congress was called to \norder by Charles Thompson (A. G. Payne), and was opened by \nprayer by Rev. Robert White, after which Col. Switzler, as John \nHancock, the President, addressed the Congress and people. \n\nBenjamin Harrison, of Virginia (Eli Penter), from the committee, \nreported and read with the spirit and the understanding the Declara- \ntion of Independence, and the question being on its adoption or rejec- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n521 \n\n\n\ntiou, Samuel Adams, of Massachusetts (J. R. Burks), opened the \nball in a speech in its favor. He was followed on the same side by \nCharles Carroll, of Maryland (Dr. F. G. Sitton), and in speeches \nagainst it by John Willing, of New York (John L. Burnara), and \nDavid Humphrey, of Rhode Island (John T. Johnston). These were \nsucceeded by speeches in favor of its adoption by Roger Sherman, of \nConnecticut (Walter S. Maupin), and John Adams, of Massachusetts \n(Jo. W. Johnston), after which a vote was taken and the Declaration \nadopted. No sooner was the vote announced by the President than \nthe fact was succeeded by the firing of cannon, the ringing of the \nbells of the village and the applause of the people assembled. \n\nSome of the speeches delivered were improvised for the occasion. \nAll of them, especially the well-known speech of John Adams, were \ndelivered with a fervid eloquence eminently befitting the occasion and \nworthy of all praise. To sum up in a Avord, the Centennial Fourth \nat Ashland was a grand success, and one to which the people of Ash- \nland and Cedar township ma}- well refer with pride and satisfaction. \n\nCENSUS OF BOONE COUNTY IN 1876. \n\nThe following is an official abstract of the census, taken by the State, \nof Boone county, in 1876, by the County Assessor, the late Thomas \nBenton Searcy : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n\n\nTotal white males 12,815 \n\nTotal white females 12,633 \n\nTotal white population 25,448 \n\nTotal colored males 3,256 \n\nTotal colored females 3,430 \n\nTotal colored population 6,686 \n\nTotal population of the county 32,134 \n\nCOLUMBIA. \n\nTotal white males 1,508 \n\nTotal white females 1,357 \n\nTotal white population 2,865 \n\nTotal colored males 627 \n\nTotal colored females 673 \n\nTotal colored population 1,300 \n\nTotal population of Columbia 4,165 \n\nNumber horses in Columbia, 177 ; mules, \n16 ; cattle, 175 ; sheep, 193 ; hogs, 200. \n\n\n\nROCHEPORT. \n\nTotal white males.... 339 \n\nTotal white females 276 \n\nTotal white population 615 \n\nTotal colored males 167 \n\nTotal colored females 189 \n\nTotal colored population 856 \n\nTotal population of Rocheport 971 \n\nNumber of horses in Rocheport, 39; \nmules, 7; jennets, 4; cattle, 52; sheep, 30; \nhogs, 51. \n\nSTURGEON. \n\nTotal white males 336 \n\nTotal white females 270 \n\nTotal white population 606 \n\nTotal colored males 77 \n\nTotal colored females 87 \n\nTotal colored population... 164 \n\nTotal population of Sturgeon 770 \n\nNumber of horses in Sturgeon, 95 ; mules, \n92; jacks, 2; cattle, 377: sheep, 33; hogs, \n319. \n\n\n\n522 \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nCENTRALIA. \n\nTotal -white males 177 \n\nTotal white females 148 \n\nTotal white population 325 \n\nTotal colored males 14 \n\nTotal colored females 11 \n\nTotal colored population 25 \n\nTotal population of Centralia 350 \n\nNumher of horses in Centralia, 64; mules, \n6 ; cattle, 56 ; sheep (the bell-wether), 1 ; \nhogs, 36. \n\nChildren in the county under 10 years of \nage, 3,628. \n\nDeaf and dumb in the county : Males, 9 ; \nfemales, 7 ; total, 16. \n\n\n\nBlind in the county : Males, 2 ; females, 3 ; \ntotal, 5. \n\nInsane in the county, 14. \n\n\n\nLITE STOCK. \n\n\n\nHorses 10,545 \n\nJacks 94 \n\nNeat cattle 19,296 \n\nHogs 48,652 \n\n\n\nMules..... 5,321 \n\nJennets 158 \n\nSheep 3 0,719 \n\n\n\nAGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. \n\n\n\nWheat, bu 87,101 \n\nOats, bu 118,740 \n\nTobacco, lbs..824,321 \n\nSugar, lbs 7,221 \n\nWine, gals 1,992 \n\n\n\nCorn, bu....l,681,789 \n\nJ^ye, bu 13,749 \n\nWool, lbs 87,261 \n\nHay, tons 16,596 \n\nMolasses, gals 11,998 \n\n\n\nELECTION TO REFUND COUNTY BONDS. \n\nOn Tuesday, August 6, 1877, an election was held on the proposi- \ntion to refund $300,000 of our county debt at 7 per cent \xe2\x80\x94 our bonds \nthen bearing 8 per cent. Interest was quite small, the total vote be- \ning 1,607 ; majority for the proposition, 1,413. The following is the \nvote in detail : \n\n\n\nVOTING PLACES. \n\n\n\nColumbia.. \nHallsville.. \nCentralia... \nAshland.... \nStrawn\'s..., \nSturgeon... \nHarrisburs: \n\n\n\nFor. \n\n\nAgainst. \n\n\n463 \n\n\n11 \n\n\n231 \n\n\n\n\n113 \n\n\n5 \n\n\n226 \n\n\n2 \n\n\n33 \n\n\n5 \n\n\n185 \n\n\n2 \n\n\n56 \n\n\n23 \n\n\n\nVOTING PLACES. \n\n\n\nProvidence \n\nRocheport \n\nClaysville \n\nWilhite\'s \n\nTotals \n\nMajority for funding bonds \n\n\n\nAg\'nst. \n\n\n\n\nA TEMPERANCE WAVE THE \' \' BLUE RIBBON MOVEMENT . \n\nIn this year, under the auspices and by the effort of certain promi- \nnent temperance workers, aided by the ministers of the various de- \nnominations, the Murphy or blue ribbon movement was inaugnrated. \nBefore it spent its force it assumed immense proportions, and to a \nlarge extent embraced the entire county. Frequent public meetings \nwere held in Columbia, and finally appointments for speakers were \nmade in various parts of the county. Each signer of the pledge to \nabstain from all intoxicating liquors as a beverage, and by all honor- \nable means to encourage others to do so, was furnished with a printed \ncard containing the pledge, and a blue ribbon to wear on the left \nbreast. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \xe2\x80\xa2 523 \n\nDuring these meetings a large number of ministers, lawyers and \nother orators addressed the people in favor of the pledge. Among \nthem may be mentioned Eld. L. B. Wilkes," Pres. J. K. Rogers, \nRev. Dr. J. S. Grasty, Rev. Dr. H. M. Dodge, Rev. G. W. Horn, \nPres. S. S. Laws, Dr. W. T. Lenoir, Prof, Paul Schweitzer, Rev. J. \nM. Robinson, Carey H. Gordon, Marcellus Dimmitt, Pres. G. S. \nBryant, Jerry Harrigan, Squire Turner, Prof. M. M. Fisher, R. L. \nTodd, H. C. Pierce, J. W. Kneisley, W. T. Waters, Rev. Dr. W. \nPope Yeaman, Wm. T. Hickman, James S. Rollins, Rev. Dr. Ley- \nburn, of Lexington, Missouri ; Rev. Mr. Maple, of Mexico, Missouri; \nEld. R. W. Gentry, Dr. E. W. Herndon, Rev. Dr. W. M. Prottsman, \nof Lexington ; Eld. R. N. Davis, Rev. J. W. Riggins, Dr. G. W. Rig- \ngins, Rev. M. L. A. Via, W. F. Switzler, Judge J. A. Boulton, Shan- \nnon C. Douglass and others. \n\nMISSOURI STATE GRANGE. \n\nThis body met in Columbia in the chapel of the University on \nTuesday, December 10, 1878, Henry Eshbaugh, of Jefferson County, \nMaster, presiding, and was largely attended by delegates and visitors. \nThe treasury receipts of the grange, since its organization, were \n$93,000. Receipts of the previous year $106.53. Number of mem- \nbers, about 20,000; number in 1875, about 55,000. \n\nOn Wednesday night an open session was held in the chapel, Col. \nE, C. More, of Boone, presiding, which was largely attended, \nand which was addressed, according to a programme made out by a \ncommittee of the Grange, by the following gentlemen, in the order \nnamed : W. F. Switzler, Henry Eshbaugh, J. S. Rollins, R. Q. Roache, \nN. J. Colman, W. C. Downing and Dr. S. S. Laws. \n\nSTATE CONVENTION OF COLORED TEACHERS. \n\nThis body met in Columbia on December 26, 1878, and was called \nto order by Chas. Newton, president of the convention held in St. \nLouis in December, 1877. The following officers were elected : \nFor president, Inman E. Page, of Jefferson City ; vice-president, R. \nL. Woods, of Warrensburg ; secretary, John A. Agee, of St. Charles ; \nassistant secretary. Miss Sadie Woodson, of St. Louis. \n\nThere were present the following teachers : Chas, Newton, \nRichard H. Cole and P. H. Murray, St. Louis ; Ricely L, Woods and \nWallace H. Dixon, Warrensburg; A. L.Stewart and J. H, Agee, \nSt. Charles ; John M. Fisher, Sturgeon ; Richard A. Hudlin, Kirk- \n\n\n\n524 \' HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwood; Inraan E. Page, Jefferson City; Willis N. Brent, Boonville ; \nJ. W. Baldwin, Fayette ; C. E. Cummings and John Bannister, Co- \nlumbia ; Mrs. Cynthia Ann Cummings and Miss Matilda Hurd, \nColumbia; Miss Louisa C. Jackson, Boone County; Miss Sadie J, \nWoodson, St. Louis ; Clark Washington and Mirror H. Bass, resi- \ndence not given. \n\nMr. C. E. Cummings, of Columbia, then delivered the address of \nwelcome. \n\nThe regular programme was taken up and papers were read by the \nfollowing persons : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n" School Laws of Missouri," J. A. Agee, St. Charles. \n\n" Civilization," K. H. Cole, St. Louis. \n\n" Educational Relation of Citizen and State," Chas. Newton. \n\n"Objects, Means and Ends of Education," R. H. Hudlin, Kirk- \nwood\' \n\n" Development v. Cramming," W. N. Brent, Boonville. \n\nFIRE IN COLUMBIA HALF OF A BLOCK DESTROYED. \n\n1879. \xe2\x80\x94 About five o\'clock on Tuesday morning February 4, fire- \nwas discovered in a wooden shed (used as a coal house) in the rear \nof the drug-store (so-called) of R. C. Rogers, on the west side of \nCourt House Street, and nearly opposite the Planters\' House. \nThere was no possible way for fire to get to the place in which it was \nfound unless it had been placed there with the design of destroying \nthe buildings, and, therefore, the conviction was universal that it was \nthe act of an incendiary. \n\nThe fire was discovered by Mr. J. S. Hoskins, an old gentleman \nwho with two daughters lived in a small two-story brick on the south- \nwest corner of the block, belonging to Hon. James S. Rollins, who \nat once gave the alarm, which in a short time became general and \nbrought an immense throng to the scene. \n\nThe fire increased and continued to rage until the whole block north \nof the alley, with the exception of a two-story fire-proof brick, belong- \ning to J. K. Rogers, was consumed, as follows : The marble works \n(small one-story frame box house) of Wallace & Kirkman ; the port- \nable photograph gallery of C. L. Martin ; the two-story family grocery \nstore (frame) and warehouse of R. L. Shock & Co. ; a two-story \nframe building occupied by W. W. Chandler\'s meat market below, \nand A. Johnson\'s shoe shop above ; the two-story frame drug store of \nR. C. Rogers, with Dr. Wm. French\'s ofiice above, and an old two- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 525 \n\nstory brick tenement house belonging to Hon. J. S. Rollins, were \ndestroyed . \n\nLittle or no wind prevailing at the time, the progress of the fire was \ncomparatively slow, and the contents of most of the buildings were \nsaved. The large frame ice house of R. L. Shock & Co. was only \npartially damaged, the roof and a portion of the walls on two sides \nbeing destroyed, leaving the ice unharmed. \n\nThe roofs of the Baptist Church and Court House, being of shingles, \ncaught fire, but were extinguished. The large two-story shingle roof \nbrick dwelling and frame ice house of Col, Switzler, of the Statesman, \nsituated in the vicinity and west of the doomed block, were saved \nwithout damage, by the vigorous use of water and wet blankets \nupon the roofs. \n\nMISSOURI MEDICAL AND PRESS ASSOCIATIONS. \n\nMay was a beautiful and a busy month in Columbia, and was \nsignalized by the annual sessions of two important bodies. The first, \nwhich assembled in the University chapel, on Monday, May 19, was \nthe Missouri Medical Association, which was called to order by Dr. \nE. W. Schauffler, of Kansas City. Dr. G. M. B. Maughs, of St. Louis, \nwas elected president, after which Dr. B. A. Watson, of Columbia, \ndelivered the address of welcome. The association was in session \nseveral days, during which a number of very able papers on medical \nsubjects were read and interesting discussions had. The labors of the \noccasion closed with a banquet at the Planters\' House, after which \nresponses were made as follows, to the following toasts : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. " Missouri." \xe2\x80\x94By W. F. Switzler, Columbia, Mo. \n\n2. " Our Hosts."\xe2\x80\x94 Dr. J. M. Allen, Liberty, Mo. \n\n3. "Medical Journalism." \xe2\x80\x94 A. J. Steele, St. Louis,Mo. \n\n4. " Public Hygiene." \xe2\x80\x94 S. S. Laws, Columbia. \n\n5. " What a Kansas City Doctor thinks of Columbia." \xe2\x80\x94 Dr. S. S. \nTodd, Kansas City. \n\n6. " Medical Associations." \xe2\x80\x94 E. W. Schauffler, Kansas City. \n\n7. " Citizens of Columbia." \xe2\x80\x94 G. M. B. Maughs, St. Louis. \n\n8. " Our University." \xe2\x80\x94 Col. E. C. More, Columbia Mo. \n\n9. "Progress of Medical Science in Missouri." \xe2\x80\x94 Squire Turner, \nColumbia. \n\nMISSOURI PRESS ASSOCIATION. \n\nThe brightest, balmiest May weather greeted the knights of the \n"shears and paste-pot," the editorial " we\'s," on their arrival in \n\n\n\n526 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nColumbia Tuesday morning, May 20, 1879, several hundred in \nnumber. The inundation could not have taken the town under \nmore favorable conditions. Nature was in her most smiling mood. \nEverywhere the foliage and the flowers breathed a welcome \nand the air was laden with perfume. The town never looked \nmore attractive or lovelier, and it was plain to be seen that a \nmost favorable impression was entertained by our guests of the place \nand its surroundings. \n\nThe committee of reception, consisting of E. W. Stephens, of the \nHerald, W. J. Davis, of the Sentinel, and Irvin Switzler, of the \nStatesman; also, Dr. B. A. Watson, I. O. Hockaday, Felix L. \nLaForce, D. D. Berry and S. C. Douglass, met the delegates at Cen- \ntralia Monday night and escorted them to this place early next \nmornino;. Knowiniz; the number of ladies and gentlemen to be pro- \nvided for, this committee had their duties reduced to a system. Each \nguest was presented with a card containing the name and the resi- \ndence of the family to which he was assigned. Badges were also \npinned upon the lappel of each gentleman\'s coat and each was fully \ninstructed as to how to proceed in order to secure his quarters with \nthe least possible annoyance to himself, immediately upon his arrival, \nor as soon thereafter as desired. This admirable arrangement was \ndue principally to the originality, energy and industry of Mr. Ste- \nphens, the chairman of the reception committee. \n\nThe committee on decoration were certainly deserving of the highest \npraise. The taste and judgment exercised in the discharge of their \nduty could not have been surpassed. The following ladies and gen- \ntlemen constituted the committee: James W. Riple}^, Prof. D. E. \nMcAnally, Prof. Scott Hayes, Prof. F. Pannell, Mrs. E. C. More, \nMrs. A. F. Newland, Mrs. C. P. Smith, and Misses E. F. Rider, \nLizzie Fisher, Minnie L. Russell, Mary Gentry, Ella Child, Ida \nHayes and Bettie Todd. \n\nThe chapel presented a most attractive appearance with its beautiful \nfloral ornamentations and its suggestive and instructive decorations \notherwise. A chain of cedar festoons and hanging moss baskets, \nfilled with trailing vines and blooming flowers fringed the entire \nextent of the semi-circular gallery. Fronting the audience, the \nornamentation was rich in profusion and tasty in design. A very \nlarge United States flag extended between the pillars just back of the \nrostrum. A large bronze eagle figured as a centre piece just above, \nand just below the eagle, with its shield and arrows, hung the following \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 527 \n\ncedar-trimmed mottoes : " Free Speech," "A Free Press," "A Free \nPeople." f \n\nOn the right hung the splendid topographical chart of the Univer- \nsity grounds, and on the left the fine oil painting of the University \nbuildings which ordinarily hung there. Immediately in front, a sys- \ntem of telegraph was extended entirely across the rostrum from wall \nto wall, just below which, stood a Washington hand press \xe2\x80\x94 both \nmost appropriate in their suggestiveness, as well as very ornamental. \nThe smaller rostrum which projects immediately in front of th& \nfaculty\'s gallery was utilized on this occasion for the speaker\'s stand. \nHere the most elaborate and elegant display of cedar wreaths and \nflowering plants was made. The speaker\'s desk was a terraced j9ar- \ntei^re of bright hued and fragrant flowers. Extending around the gal- \nlery above the hanging baskets hung a number of appropriate names of \ndistinguished inventors belonging to the craft ; each was printed in \nlarge type and tastefully fringed with cedar. They were as follows : \nGuttenburg, Faust, Caxton, Franklin, Morse, Field, Hoe and Edison. \nIn the southwest corner of the chapel a regular telegraph ofiice was \nlocated by the Western Union Telegraph company for the convenience \nof reporters, and was under the courteous charge of Mr. F. G. Mason, \nof Moberly, Mo. \n\nCol. John E. Hutton, editor of the Mexico Intelligencer, president \nof the association, called the convention to order and the Rev. Dr. \nDodge, of Columbia, offered up a prayer. The quartette known as the \nApollo Club, consisting of Messrs. G. N. Garnett, R. B. Garnett, J. \nT. Payne and Leon Ridgeway, University students, then sang a song, \nafter which the welcoming address was delivered by the editor of the \nStatesman to which President Hutton replied. \n\nEx-Governor B. Gratz Brown delivered the annual address on \n" Character in Journalism." Other addresses, papers and poems fol- \nlowed during the session, but a notice of them is excluded for the \nwant of space . \n\n1880. \xe2\x80\x94 Population of Boone County 25,424. \n\nGRAND LODGE OF GOOD TEMPLARS. \n\nOne of the largest and most prosperous sessions of the Grand Lodge \nof Good Templars, Dr. N. S. Richardson of Macon, Grand W. C. T., \nmet in Columbia on Tuesday, October 9, 1880, and continued in ses- \nsion several days. \n\n\n\n528 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDEATH OF PRESIDENT GARFIELD PUBLIC HONORS PAID TO HIS MEM- \nORY IN BOONE COUNTY. \n\nOn Tuesday night, September 20, 1881, the sad intelligence of the \ndeath of President Garfield being verified, a very large number \nof our citizens, regardless of party, assembed in the court \nhouse in Columbia to testify their respect, by resolutions and \notherwise, for the memory of our dead President. The meeting was \ncalled to order by Gen. O. Guitar, after which Hon. S. C. Douglass, \nchairman of the Democratic State Central Committee, was chosen \npresident; Hon. Philemon Bliss and Prof. M. M. Fisher, of the Uni- \nversity, vice-presidents, and Capt. H. N. Cook, secretary. \n\nMr. Douglass made a few very appropriate remarks explaining the \nobject of the meeting, after which the following committee was ap- \npointed to report resolutions : J. P. Horner, O. Guitar, J. H. Waugh, \nLewis M. Switzler and Prof. M. M. Fisher. \n\nDuring the retirement of the committee, or after its report, brief \nand very appropriate addresses were made by Judge Bliss, Col. E. C. \nMore, Kobt. L. Todd, Pres. G. S. Bryant, of Christian College, Rev. \nW. B. Y. Wilkie, of the Presbyterian Church, and Professor Paul \nSchweitzer, Gen. Odon Guitar and Col. Squire Turner. \n\nThe committee, through its chairman. Gen. Guitar, reported the \nfollowing resolutions, the adoption of which was moved by Col. E. C. \nMore, and they were unanimously adopted, as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWhereas, The nation pauses to-day in its onward march to contemplate the appalling \nspectacle of a murdered President. We feel it due as citizens of this great republic, to give \nsome ^\'xpression of the feelings which this terrible event has aroused in our hearts ; there- \nfore, be it \n\nResolved, 1. That we regard the assassination of the President as a direct blow aimed at \nthe existence of civil government, and as an outgrowth of doctrines and sentiments which are \nat war with the spirit and genius of our free institutions. \n\nResolved, 2. That we regard as traitors and outlaws all men who entertain or sympathize \nwith the doctrines of nihilism or communism, and we advocate the most radical and strenu- \nous methods to stamp out such sentiments (if any such exist) in this country. \n\nResolved, 3. That we recognize in the President the official head of the nation, elevated \nto power by the supreme voice of the people, and, as such, the representative of every citi- \nzen in the republic; and as citizens we unite in sentiments of national regret over the nation\'s \nloss, and in shedding the tears of sympathy over the grave of our fallen chieftain and fellow- \ncitizen. \n\nResolved, 4. That we denounce the assassin who has imbued his hands in the blood of \nthe nation\'s Executive as one of the most cowardly and execrable criminals of which history \ngives any account ; and yet we hold the law of the land to be paramount to all other author- \nity, and invoke its aid in meting out the punishment due to his most atrocious crime. \n\nResolved, 5. That while we sensibly realize that this great calamity plunges the nation \ninto grief, we behold with a sad satisfaction that the American people, irrespective of parties \n\n\n\n, HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 529 \n\nand sects, or of sections, join in one common cause of sorrow at the death of the nation\'s \nchief officer, whom we recognize to have been a faithful and dutiful President, and a Chris- \ntian statesman of rare virtue and ability. \n\nResolved, 6. That we extend our profound sympathy to the bereaved family of our de- \nceased President, and especially to her who during weeks of national sorrow and suspense \nhas nerved the heart of her husband in his struggle for life, and aroused a feeling of hope in \nthe darkest hour, and who by her devotion and aifection has embalmed her own memory \nalong with that of the Chief Executive in the hearts of stricken homes all over our com- \nmon country. \n\nResolved, 7. We recommend the suspension of all business on the day of the President\'s \nfuneral, and that such public service be held as shall be deemed suitable and appropriate \nto the occasion. \n\nAfter the adjournment of the meeting the various church and col- \nlege bells were tolled for an hour or more. \n\nPRESIDENT GARFIELD MISSOURI UNIVERSITY MEETING. \n\nImmediately after the Missouri University chapel exercises closed, on \nWednesday morning, September 21st, President Laws announced the \ndeath of President Garfield, whereupon Hon. James S. Rollins, pres- \nident of the Board of Curators, and chairman of the executive \ncommittee, proceeded to make a short, appropriate and feeling ad- \ndress, after which he presented the following resolutions for adoption \nby the meeting which, being seconded by Judge Bliss, a standing \nvote was taken, at the instance of President Laws, and they were \nunanimously agreed to : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nRESOLTITIONS. \n\nResolved, That we have learned with profound grief of the death of James A. Garfield, \nPresident of the United\' States, rendered all the more distressing on account of the cii\'cum- \nstances which led to it, and of the great suffering endured by him from the time of the fatal \nshot by the assassin to the period of his death. \n\nResolved, That, in common with all the citizens of the American Republic, we feel a \ndeep sense of the loss which the country has sustained in the death of our first executive \nofficer. In his demise the country has been deprived of an eminent citizen, distinguished \nas a thoughtful and conscientious Christian statesman, a patriot, a scholar, a friend of the \neducation of the people, and in whose hands our cherished institutions would have been safe, \nand the prosperity of the people of every section assured. \n\nResolved, That we deeply sympathize with his bereaved widow and orphan children in \nthe painful sufferings which they have been compelled to endure, and in their irreparable \nloss, in being thus deprived of husband, father, friend and protector, and we commend them \nto the divine consolation of Him who wept at the grave of Lazarus. \n\nResolved, That in our abhorrence of the foul crime which has been committed, we must \nnot forget that we live in a land of liberty and law, and we express the earnest hope that \nthere will be no outbreak or attempt on the part of any portion of the people to punish the \ncriminal, other than according to the forms of the Constitution and laws, which must ever \nremain the crowning glory of our free institutions. \n\nResolved, That a copy of the foregoing resolutions be transmitted by the president of thfr \nBoard of Curators to the family of the deceased President, with an expression of the earnest \nsympathies of all who are connected with the University of the State of Missouri. \n\n34 \n\n\n\n530 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nResolved, That the proctor of the University be directed to drape the columns of the \nmain edifice of the University building with appropriate emblems of mourning, commem- \norative of the great calamity which has befallen the entire country. \n\nResolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be published in the papers of the county \nof Boone and city of St. Louis. \n\nThe board of trustees of Columbia also passed appropriate resolu- \ntions. \n\nOn the day of President Garfield\'s burial at Cleveland, Ohio, Mon- \nday, September 26, 1881, the business houses of Columbia were \nclosed from twelve o\'clock until the next morning, and appropriate \nmemorial services were held in the University chapel, addresses being \ndelivered by Hon. Philemon Bliss, Hon. J. S. Rollins and Elder R. \nW. Gentry. \n\nSAD ACCIDENT ON THANKSGIVING DAY. \n\nThanksgiving, Thursday, November 24, 1881, was a typical winter \nday in Columbia, clear and cold, with a free, glorious sunlight illu- \nminatino; the earth. But about four o\'clock in the afternoon, when the \nshades of night were rapidly approaching, the whole community was \nhorrified by the report, which spread rapidly from house to house, \nand speedily summoned a thousand or more of our population to the \nscene of the disaster, that a fearful catastrophe had occurred at the \npond of Mr. John M. Samuel, in the southeastern suburbs of the \ntown, in which three young persons were drowned and others nar- \nrowly escaping with their lives. \n\nThe pond covers nearly two acres of ground, and is in many places \nfifteen or twenty feet deep, and when covered with ice, as it was on \nThursday, is a favorite skating place for our young people. On this \noccasion twenty or thirty young lads and lasses, many of them stu- \ndents of our schools, were on the pond indulging in the pleasant exer- \ncise of skating, when suddenly those who were near the center of the \npond, and where, doubtless, the ice was the thinnest and the water \ndeepest, broke through, and, despite every effort to rescue them, \nthree of them were drowned, namely : John Samuel Garth, aged \n.about fourteeu years, eldest son of Walter W. Garth, our Circuit \nClerk; Theodore Murphy, aged sixteen, son of Joseph Murphy, for- \nmerly of Platte county, Missouri, and Maggie Buckner, aged fifteen, \ndaughter of Mrs, Clara Buckner, of Lamar, Bates county, Missouri, \nwidow of the late Rev. X. X. Buckner, formerly of this county, but \nlater of Kansas Citv. \n\n\n\n\nJ^^& Joo-eM^cJ^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 531 \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XIY. \n\nGEOLOGY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nBy Geo. C. Swallow, LL. D. \n\nThe Geological Periods \xe2\x80\x94 The Lower Silurian, the Devonian, the Carboniferous and the \nQuaternary Ages. Formations of the Canadian Period. \xe2\x80\x94 The 1st and 2d Magnesian \nLimestone \xe2\x80\x94 The 1st and 2d Saccharoidal \xe2\x80\xa2 Sandstone. The Hamilton Age. \xe2\x80\x94 Irregular \nLimestone Beds and Shaly Marls. The Chemung Age. \xe2\x80\x94 Chouteau and Hydraulic Lime- \nstone \xe2\x80\x94 Hints to Providence People. The Carboniferous Age. \xe2\x80\x94 Encrinital Limestone \xe2\x80\x94 \nArchimedes Limestone \xe2\x80\x94 Ferruginous Sandstone \xe2\x80\x94 The Coal Measures \xe2\x80\x94 Area of the \nCoal Kegion \xe2\x80\x94 Its Value \xe2\x80\x94 Land worth $10 contains $100 worth of Coal \xe2\x80\x94 Unimportance \nof the Sandstone. The (Quaternary Age. \xe2\x80\x94 The Drift \xe2\x80\x94 The Lacustrine or Bluff De- \nposit \xe2\x80\x94 The Terrace \xe2\x80\x94 The Recent \xe2\x80\x94 How the Three Latter were Formed. The Soils. \xe2\x80\x94 \nTable of Amount and Kind of Plant Food in each Foot of Soil Resting on the Bluff \nDeposit \xe2\x80\x94 " Our Boone Soils are Inexhaustible " \xe2\x80\x94 Experiments on the College Farm \xe2\x80\x94 \nHow Land turned out to Mullen and Sassafras was, in Six Years made to produce Forty \nBushels of Wheat Per Acre, without the use of Fertilizers \xe2\x80\x94 How to Raise Wheat and \nCorn on "Worn-Out" Land. \n\nThe geology of Boone County, Missouri, is very variable and rich \nin scientific and industrial products. \n\nTHE GEOLOGICAL PERIODS. \n\nBeginning at the oldest, we find \xe2\x80\x94 \nI. The Canadian, of the L. Silurian Age. \n\nII- { Sammor:.?!;;::: } <>\' "\xe2\x96\xa0\xc2\xbb "-o-- aoe. \n\n\xe2\x84\xa2- {SlMelS..\'::}-\' \xc2\xab!\xe2\x96\xa0\xc2\xbb C.KBO\xc2\xbbiF.Kons Aa.. \n\nfDrift 1 \n\n^"^\xe2\x80\xa2j TctJJc?^\'".\'.\'." 1"\xc2\xb0^ *^\xc2\xae Quaternary Age. \n\n[Recent J \n\nThe formations which belong to the Canadian Periods, are the \nIsl and 2d Magnesian Limestones, and the 1st or Saccharoidal \nSandstone. These rocks underlie all the southeastern part of the \ncounty, and crojD out in the bluff\'s of the Missouri, from Providence \nto the Cedar, some miles up the Cedar, and in many of the ravines in \nthat part of the county. \n\nThe Saccharoidal Sandstone is a white, sometimes brown, sand- \nstone, which easily crumbles, and derives its name from its resem- \nblance to sugar in color and structure. It is an excellent material for, \n\n\n\n532 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand is much used in making white mortar for fine plastering. It is \nthe best material for fine glass and is used in the glass manufactories \nof this State, and is exported in large quantities to other parts of the \ncountry. \n\nThe 1st and 2nd Magnesian Limestones contain many beds of \nsuperior building stone which are both beautiful and durable, as \nshown in the buildings at Claysville and other localities. The fine \ncream colored beds called cotton rock, are regularly stratified and \neasily quarried and cut into ashlers, and make beautiful buildiug \nstone, as seen in the State House. \n\nIt, however, must be selected with great care since some of the beds \ncrack on exposure to frost, a defect visible in the steps and flagging \nof the State House. Excellent quarries of these limestones are found \nin many places in the southeastern part of the county. These mag- \nnesian limestones produce a warm, lively soil, the best in Missouri for \ngrapes and other fruits, as is well shown by the vineyards and orchards \non the bluffs and slopes underlaid by these rocks. \n\nThe formations which belong to the Hamilton Age are irregular \nbeds of limestones and sandstones and shaly marls. These marls and \nlimestones are often filled with beautiful corals and shells, which \npeopled the warm, shallow seas in which these rocks were deposited. \nThe remains of coral reefs are sometimes found in the Devonian rocks. \nThe falls of the Ohio at Louisville are produced by a reef of this nature. \n\nOnly a small portion of this county, along the Cedar, is underlaid \nwith these rocks. They are but little used in the arts, but the de- \ncomposing marly shales produce strong, durable soils. \n\nThe formations belonging to the Chemung Age are concretionary \nbeds of fine, bluish limestone having thin, shaly beds between the \nstrata. This formation is often filled with beautiful little shells and \nwas named Chouteau limestone, as it was first examined and identi- \nfied as a distinct formation at Chouteau Springs, in Cooper county, in \n1852. These Chouteau limestones are well exposed in the low bluff\'s \njust below Providence, and also in the base of the high bluffs above \nthe town. They have been but little used ; but when well burned \nthey make a strong semi-hydraulic lime. \n\nResting upon the beds of Chouteau limestone are some fifty feet \nof thick, heavy beds of impure, bluish gray limestone, called Hy- \ndraulic limestone, from its marked hydraulic properties. \n\nThese thick beds of hydraulic limestone make most durable ashlers \nfor buildings and bridges, as shown in the old custom-house in St. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 533 \n\nLouis, and many other buildings and numerous bridges in various \nparts of the State. These beds of liydraulic limestone are well ex- \nposed in the middle of the high bluffs both above and below Provi- \ndence, and furnished the excellent stone for the various buildings in \nthat town. These beds extend up the Missouri and the Perche as high \nas the brido-e on the gravel road. \n\nThis limestone will make as good a hydraulic cement as any made \nin the West. Vast quantities could be quarried at Providence at \nslight cost ; and it is so high in the bluffs it could be dumped into the \nkilns, and from the kilns into the mill, and from the mill into the \nboats which would carry it at the cheapest rates to all towns and \ncities which buy millions of barrels and send them all over the great \nWest. Providence might command this great trade and add millions \nto the wealth and hundreds to the population of our noble old county. \nWe have the rock, the wood to burn it and to make the barrels to \nhold it, the money to carry on the business and the river to carry the \nproducts to market. There is not so favorable a locality in America \nfor the manufacture of hydraulic cement. Not many years will \nelapse before some enterprising firm will utilize this grand gift of the \nDevonian seas. \n\nThe formations belonging to the Carboniferous Age are the En- \ncrinital limestone, the Archimedes limestone, the ferruginous sand- \nstone and the coal measures. The Encrinital li?nestone is a gray, \ngranular, heavy-bedded limestone, containing many concretions of \nchert in the upper part, and a vast quantity of the remains of encri- \niiites and other fossils. The sea in which it was deposited, swarmed \nwith radiates, molluscs and fishes. This limestone is durable and \nbeautiful, and has furnished the materials for all the buildings in Co- \nlumbia and Eocheport and the adjoining country. It furnished mate- \nrial for all the rock-work in the University buildings, save the miser- \nable sandstone used for the window and door sills of the Scientific \nbuilding. I protested against its use when it was voted in, and I pro- \ntest against it still. It will soon have to be replaced by more durable \nmaterial. \n\nBluffs of this limestone are seen below the bridge east of Columbia, \non Goose creek, in town and all along the Hinkson to the south and \nsouthwest. It caps the bluffs at Providence, extends up the Missouri \nto Kocheport, and up the Moniteau, forming its bluffs. It is the pre- \nvailing rock in all the southwestern part of the country, and south \nto Ashland. \n\n\n\n534 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe Encrinital limestone abounds in caves and under-ground \nstreams. Connor\'s cave, a large cave in the bluifs of the Missouri, \nbelow Kocheport, the one at Rock bridge, Rock bridge itself, and \nseveral other caves in the county, are in this limestone. The country- \nunderlaid with this rock abounds in sink-holes, through which the \nsurface Avater reaches subterranean streams ; as shown along the \ncourse of Connor\'s cave. The great amount of clay and sand in this \ncave was washed in through these sink-holes. \n\nBold perennial springs abound in the Encrinital limestone. The \nfamous Rollins\'s spring, on the College farm, is a good sample of the \nsprings flowing from this rock. \n\nThe flint concretions of this formation furnished the mound-builders \nand their successors, the Indians., with materials for their plow-points, \nknives, spears and arrow heads, as shown by many specimens placed \nin the University by Mi^. Lawson Stuart and others. \n\nThere were several extensive manufactories of flint implements in \nthis State. One near Bolivar is described in my second geological \nreport. Hatchets were usually made of a harder and stronger \nrock ; but I have one made of this limestone which I found in this \ncounty. \n\nThe joints of crinoidal columns so abundant in this rock, and so like \nbutton moulds, were used strung on sinews as an ornament by the \nIndians. These curious fossils are sometimes called " St. Cuthbert\'s \nbuttons " from the legend that represents this saint as spending his \ntime seated on the western bluffs of England whittling these unique \nfossils from the rock. If he made all that are found in the rocks, he \nmust have been the prince of whittlers. \n\nThe Archimedes Limestone which rests upon the Encrinital, is litho- \nlogically much like the latter, but presents an entirely new set of fos- \nsils. The one most noted, and from which the rock takes its name, is \nthe axis of a reticulated coral in the form of a screw. This limestone \nis found on the Perche below the railroad bridge. It is but sparingly \ndeveloped and of but little consequence in Boone ; although it con- \ntains nearly all the lead and zinc mines in southwest Missouri. \n\nThe Coal Measures underlie nearly or quite half the county, to the \nnorth and northeast. The southern boundary of these rocks extends \nfrom south of Thrall\'s prairie in a very irregular line through Colum- \nbia and southeast to the Cedar ; and all north and east of this line is \nunderlaid with coal. From one to five successive beds of this valua- \nble mineral underlie all this part of the county. Some of these beds \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 535 \n\nfurnish an excellent article for domestic and manufacturing purposes. \nIn two of the beds we have the black coal, so much valued by manu- \nfacturers for furnace work, since it will burn without coking, which \nsaves the expense of coking. This coal consists of thin laminge of \nmineral charcoal and bituminous coal. The charcoal prevents the \nblocks from melting and choking the furnace. The coal measures \nare made up of numerous beds of limestone, clays, shales (soap- \nstone), sandstone, iron ore and coal. \n\nThe sandstones are very irregular and of little value. One bed is \nshown at Dripping Springs, where it is very thick. The limestones \nare used for all the ordinary purposes, and some of them are emi- \nnently hydraulic. \n\nThe coal will in time be appreciated at its real value. If a bushel \nof coal is worth a cent in the mine, then the coal of Boone county is \nworth more than the whole county would sell for at the present time. \nFarms sell for $10 and $20 per acre which have coal on them worth a \nhundred dollars per acre. In a few years the value of this mineral \nwill be better appreciated and men will wonder why they did not see \nit sooner. \n\nThe formations belonging to the Quaternary Age are the Drift, \nthe Lacustrine, the Terrace, and the Recent. \n\nThe Drift is a gift of the glacial period of little importance in Boone ; \nsince it consists of a few feet of gravel and pebbles and here and \nthere a boulder often called lost rock or nigger heads so odd and \nhard are they. \n\nThe Lancustrine, or Bluff, is by far the most valuable of all the for- \nmations of Boone county, and it underlies all the uplands and renders \nthem inexhaustibly fertile for all future generations. This formation \nis usually called clay and lies immediately below the soil, forming a \nsubstratum above the consolidated rocks from five to fifty feet thick. \nThese beds of silicious marls were deposited in a lake which covered \nNorth and Central Missouri just after the glacial period. The Mis- \nsouri and other rivers to the north and west washed out from the \nground-up rocks of all the northwest the best soil material and distrib- \nuted the same over the bed of this great lake, where Boone county \nthen was. Thus the soils of Missouri are made up of the best ma- \nterials of all the rocks of the States and Territories now drained by the \nMissouri and Upper Mississippi. \n\nTJie Terrace was formed where this lake was drained and the waters \nwere reduced to the immediate valleys of our rivers, where the bottom \n\n\n\n536 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nprairies and wooded bottoms were formed, yielding the very best sub- \nstrata for soils yet discovered ; since they are rich in plant-food and \npervious to the river waters, which moisten the soil and prevent the \ndire effects of droughts. \n\nThe Recent consists of such beds of loose materials as the rivers \nand other causes are now forming. , Sand-bars, deltas, slides, and soil \nare some of the beds belonging to the Recent period in Boone \nCounty. \n\nThe soils are by far the most important formation in the county. \nAll the varieties of the State, save the very poorest, the black-jack \nsoil, is represented in the county. The hackberry and crow-foot \nlands at Thrall\'s prairie. The elm lands at various localities be- \ntween Thrall\'s prairie, Rocheport, Columbia, and Ashland. The \nhickory lands are abundant about Columbia and the white oak lands \nare represented in the bluffs and ridges of the principal streams of \nthe county. All of these soils have about the same subsoil and all \nrest substantially upon the same foundation, and have certain char- \nacteristics in common. \n\nTo show at a glance the amount of plant food in the soil itself, and \nthen in each foot of depth below the soil, I have prepared the follow- \ning table, which presents an average of all the varieties of soils rest- \ning on the bluff, from the richest hackberry land to the poorest white \noak, and the amount for each foot in depth for the first three feet, and \nalso for one foot at the depth of twelve feet below the surface. Other \nl^ortions between the third and twelfth foot and below are equally rich. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0TABLE SHOWING THE AMOUNT OF THE VARIOUS ELEMENTS OF PLANT FOOD IN EACH \nFOOT OF THE MISSOURI SOILS RESTING ON THE BLUFF. \n\n\n\n\n\nrirst I\'oot. \n\n\nSecond Foot. \n\n\nThird Foot. \n\n\nTwelfth Foot. \n\n\n\n\n19.166 lbs. \n\n13.329 " \n\n13.310 " \n\n7.157 " \n\n12.868 " \n\n269.636 " \n\n3.180 " \n\n.405 " \n\nnot known. \n\n\n16.117 lbs. \n\n30.927 " \n\n32.234 " \n\n7.405 " \n\n11.157 " \n\n253.381 " \n\n2.990 " \n\n.429 " \n\nnot known. \n\n\n29.494 lbs. \n\n18.184 " \n\n17.413 " \n\n11.343 " \n\n13.996 " \n\n142.310 " \n\n4.051 " \n\n.664 " \n\nnot known. \n\n\n26.484 lbs. \n\n\nJtlaMesia \n\n\n18.818 " \n\n\nPotash \n\n\n40.420 " \n\n\nSoda \n\n\n104.544 " \n\n\n\n\n1.491 " \n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 Orfanic Matter \n\n\n46.787 " \n\n\nSulphuric Acid \n\nChlorine \n\n\nnot known, \nnot known. \n\n\n\n\n44.605 lbs. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nThis table shows these soils as rich in plant food, save the organic \nmatter, at a depth of three feet as they are at the surface, even a lit- \ntle richer in phosphoric acid, soda, potash, chlorine and sulphuric \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 537 \n\nacid. At twelve feet below the surface the amount of plant food is \nstill greater except ni organic matter and phosphoric acid. \n\nFarmers usually cultivate less than one foot of their soils, and when \nthe plant food in that is exhausted they use fertilizers at great ex- \npense of money and labor to supply the plant food. But the farmer \non these Missouri soils, when the surface soil is exhausted, has an abun- \ndance of the best fertilizers in his subsoil ; and instead of buying fer- \ntilizers and spreading them over the surface, he sets his plow a little \ndeeper and turns them up from his own stores in the subsoil. And \nwhen the plants have consumed the supply thus obtained, there is \nstill lower down, enough of the same costly materials to replenish his \nsoil a hundred times ; for it goes all the way down to depths varying \nfrom 10 to 200 feet, all about equally rich as the table shows it to be \nat a depth of twelve feet. \n\nTo show the money value of this store of plant food in the subsoil \nof all these lands, we may reckon the commercial value of the phos- \nphoric acid for a single foot in depth on one acre. The second foot \nof these soils, that is, the subsoil from the depth of one foot to two \nfeet, in every acre, contains 11,157 pounds of this acid At ten \ncents ^ a pound this would cost $1,115.70. The next foot below, that \nis, from two to three feet in depth, contains in each acre 13,996 \npounds of phosphoric acid, which would cost $1,399.60. Thus it is \nseen that two feet only of these subsoils, contain on each acre as much \nphosphoric acid as could be bought in commercial fertilizers for \n$2,515.30. \n\nThe soils as above shown, from which these results are obtained, \nwere selected as representative soils from the lands of all grades and \nfrom all parts of North and Central Missouri. The soils of Boone \ncounty give the same results. \n\nIf we should calculate the commercial value of the other fertilizers, \nas potash, soda, sulphuric acid, chlorine and organic matter found in \nthe subsoils of a single acre, and if the calculation be extended to a \ndepth of ten feet or one hundred feet, the result would be somewhat \nstartling. Such a calculation would not fall far short of a demonstra- \ntion of the often repeated assertion, " Our Boone soils are inex- \nhaustible.\'\'\'\' \n\nThe experiments at the College farm fully establish the value of these \nscientific deductions and prove the soils, \xe2\x80\x94 the poorest soils \xe2\x80\x94 of the \n\n\n\n^ The commercial value of phosphoric acid is twelve and a half cents per pound. \n\n\n\n538 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncounty practically inexhaustible under intelligent culture. On the \nCollege farm we had extensive areas of soils exhausted by some fifty \nyears\' ordinary culture, mostly in corn. These lands had been turned \nout as exhausted and were washed full of gullies and sustained a scant \ngrowth of grass, muUen, and sassafras. Such exhausted land was \nplowed and subsoiled to bring up the plant food of the subsoil and \nplanted in corn for ten successive years without a particle of any kind \nof fertilizer. This corn was from year to year equal to the best \nraised in the county ; as many witnesses can testify. \n\nMr.\'Maddox has tried the same kind of experiments with wheat on \nthe white oak ridges east of the farm house which had been so ex- \nhausted by corn as to preclude the hope of a renumerative crop and \nhad been turned out to muUen and sassafras. When Mr. Maddox \ncommenced cutting out the grubs and filling gullies preparatory to put- \nting these exhausted lands in wheat, he was told by some of our best \nfarmers he would lose his labor, as it would produce no wheat. But \nthe subsoil was stirred and the wheat for the first year yielded less \nthan five bushels per acre. But it has steadily increased until this, \nthe sixth year, when the yield was over forty bushels per acre and \nfurnished the only No. 1 wheat shipped from the county this year to \ndate.^ \n\nSuch a discovery, so completely sustained by these experiments on \nthe college farm by myself and Mr. Maddox more than repay the county \nand State for all they have expended on the college, however adverse \nthe circumstances under which we have labored. \n\nThese analyses of the blufi* and subsoils and the experiments show- \ning the presence of so much available plant food in our subsoils and \nunderlying marls, fully prove our soils may be successfully cultivated \nindefinitely without resort to fertilizers by subsoiling and thus utiliz- \ning the immense quantity of plant food which has been placed in our \nsubsoils and underlying marls, to the depth of from five to fifty feet. \n\nIf wheat is cultivated and the stubble plowed under by deep and \nthorough culture the yield will improve as the years roll on ; but corn \nrequires more organic matter, and if the stalks are removed, the soil \nwill in the course of years need clovering or other green manures. \nStable manure will answer the same purpose though a greater \nexpense. \n\nSuch are the oreoloo;ical features of favored old Boone. \n\n\n\n^ No fertilizers were used in any of these experiments. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 53f> \n\nCHAPTEE XY. \n\nBOURBON TOWNSHIP. \n\nPosition and Description \xe2\x80\x94 Geology and Archaeology \xe2\x80\x94 Early Settlements \xe2\x80\x94 Items of Early \nHistory \xe2\x80\x94 Organization \xe2\x80\x94 War Times \xe2\x80\x94 Burning of tiie Sturgeon Bridge \xe2\x80\x94 Destruction \nof the Raih\'oad \xe2\x80\x94 Skirmish in Riggs\'s Pasture \xe2\x80\x94 Sentenced to be Shot \xe2\x80\x94 Jim Jackson\'s \nFight \xe2\x80\x94 Hanging of Amos Judy \xe2\x80\x94 Anecdotes \xe2\x80\x94 Miscellaneous \xe2\x80\x94 Stories by "Uncle" \nDurrett Bruce \xe2\x80\x94 " Uncle " John Alexander \xe2\x80\x94 Railroad Fires \xe2\x80\x94 The Shroyer Murder \xe2\x80\x94 \nShooting of Rowland by Wade \xe2\x80\x94 Old Petersburg \xe2\x80\x94 McCauley\'s Mill \xe2\x80\x94 School Houses \xe2\x80\x94 \nCountry Churches \xe2\x80\x94 Cemeteries \xe2\x80\x94 The Town of Sturgeon ^^arly History \xe2\x80\x94 "Buena \nVista" \xe2\x80\x94 The "Firsts" \xe2\x80\x94 Early Days in Sturgeon \xe2\x80\x94 In Time of War \xe2\x80\x94 Fires \xe2\x80\x94 Stur- \ngeonitesin "Nigger Wool" Swamp \xe2\x80\x94 Killing of Benj. Oroswhite \xe2\x80\x94 Industries, Institu- \ntions, Associations, etc. \xe2\x80\x94 Court of Common Pleas \xe2\x80\x94 OflS.cial History \xe2\x80\x94 Churches \xe2\x80\x94 \nCivic Orders \xe2\x80\x94 Schools \xe2\x80\x94 Cemetery \xe2\x80\x94 The "Leader" \xe2\x80\x94 Biographies of Old Settlers and ^ \nProminent Citizens of Bourbon Township. \n\nPOSITION AND DESCRIPTION. \n\nBourbon township is the northwest corner township of" Boone \ncounty. It comprises all of township 51, range 12, and township \n51, range 13, and fractional township 51, range 14, \xe2\x80\x94 running to the \nHoward County line on the west, and to Centralia township on the \neast. It is bounded on the north by Randolph and Audrain counties, \nand on the south by Perche and Rocky Fork townships. \n\nIts surface is mingled prairie and timber. Some of the timber land \nis covered with thin soil, as is a portion of the prairie, but in general \nthe land is very fertile. The few tracts of bottom land are remark- \nable for grass. In 1872 Mr. W. G. Ridgway, of Sturgeon, cut three \ntons of hay from one acre of meadovv, which he sold for $26. The \ngrass was fully five feet high, and was so rank and heavy that it fell \nand " lodged " and could not be cut with a mowing machine, but was \nmown with a scythe. From sixteen acres Mr. R. secured a crop of \nabout forty tons. The land was rich bottom. \n\nSOME GEOLOGICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL FEATURES. \n\nCoal and Iron Ore. \xe2\x80\x94 Along Perche Creek and in the vicinity \nthere is a considerable quantity of a good article of coal. Banks have \nbeen opened and worked successfully. A great deal of the coal has \nbeen shipped to Sturgeon and Rocheport. Iron ore is also to be \nfound, but not in sufficient quantities as yet to justify the erection of \nfurnaces. \n\n\n\n540 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nRed Granite. \xe2\x80\x94 Some substantial and valuable deposits of fine red \ngranite are to be found six or seven miles southeast of Sturgeon, in \nthis township and in Rocky Fork and Perche. The stone is to be \nfound in great abundance. It was discovered by Dr. A. Titus and \nW. H. Welch \xe2\x80\x94 or first developed by them. Red Rock Church, in \nPerche township, is named from the abundance of this peculiar kind of \nstone in its neio-hborhood. \n\nPlaster Sand. \xe2\x80\x94 On the premises of Mr. Wm. Dinwiddle, that \ngentleman dug a well twenty-six feet deep. At the depth of thirteen \nfeet below the surface, a vein of fine white sand was struck which ran \ndown about thirteen feet further, when a stratum of gravel was \nreached and the water. The sand proved to be excellent for plaster- \ner\'s use. \n\nMemarkahle Gave. \xe2\x80\x94 In the northwest quarter of section 34, tp. \n51, range 13, is located a cave with some very remarkable character- \nistics. It has been explored to an extent of 200 yards, where is \nreached a house, naturally formed of solid rock. In its greatest \nbreadth it makes a very good sized room. This cave was stopped up \nby some railroad men, who built a culvert and filled up the mouth, \nor entrance at which used to flow a large spring of very cold water. \nOn one occasion, in early days, some dogs chased a panther into this \ncave, and their owners were forced to enter after them in order \nto save them. There are many incidents narrated in connection \nwith the history of this cave, which must be omitted for want of \nroom. \n\nPanther Gave. \xe2\x80\x94 About half a mile north of the cave above \ndescribed is Panther Cave, so called from the fact that in pioneer days \nit was infested by panthers in dangerous numbers, and their fierce \nbowlings and snarlings many a time chilled the blood of many a \ntraveler who came upon the den unawares. It is not so large as the \nfirst cave, but is well worth a visit to see. Not far from it, and \nwithin a short distance of the larger cave are two cylindrical openings, \nin the earth called " sink holes, " having the appearance of walled \nwells, and being of considerable depth. \n\nFine Spring. \xe2\x80\x94 On the northeast quarter of section 34, tp. 51, \nrange 13, on the premises now owned by Willis Brundege, Esq., there \nis a very large and fine spring of good water. \n\nThe Mound- Builders. \xe2\x80\x94 Evidences of the presence at one time in \nthis township of that mysterious race known as the Mound-Builders, \nare plenty. Numerous mounds exist and have existed, specimens of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 541 \n\npottery have been found, and flint arrow-heads can be picked up in \ngreat abundance. John Alexander has quite a collection of arrow \nand lance heads, which were gathered in this township. \n\nAlonsr Eoche Perche Creek, startino- from Perche Church and \nfollowing the creek down about two miles, are numerous mounds, the \nwork, undoubtedly, of the famed mound-builders. These mounds \nare from three to six feet in height, and, on an average, are from 100 \nto 200 yards apart. They number about twenty well-defined speci- \nmens. Dr. Davis, of Sturgeon, and Wm. Prowell opened one of \nthese mounds on the farm of the latter. In the center they found a \nperfect vault, the roof of which was covered with stones. In this \nvault lay a large skeleton. It measured seven inches across the fore- \nhead and the size of the other bones was in proportion. The general \nform and character of the mounds indicate that they are of the sepul- \nchral kind ; that is, they are merely resting places for the dead. \nSeveral other skeletons and parts of skeletons were taken out of other \nmounds in Mr. Prowell\' s field. Many of the mounds are covered \nwith heavy timber, some of which is hundreds of years old, per- \nhaps. There is a peculiar yellow or mulatto soil along where the \nmounds occur, but the elevations themselves seem to be of common \nearth. \n\nMr. McCauley says that in 1876, on opening one of the mounds, a \npipe was found. It was made of clay and had been burned or baked \nlike apiece of pottery. It was of ordinary size, and seemed to have \nbeen placed in the hand of the Indian with whom it was buried. The \nbowl was thought to contain ashes and soot, as though it had been \nused and not well cleaned just before burial. The mouth-piece of the \nstem was considerably worn as if by the teeth ot the owner. The \npipe was sent to the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia, in 1876. \n\nEARLY SETTLEMENTS. \n\nIt is stated that the first settler in this township was a man named \nRiggs, who located three miles south of where Sturgeon now stands^ \nand built a cabin, as early as the year 1818. This property now be- \nlongs to Mr. Daniel Mayer, of Sturgeon. Again it is asserted that \n\nJack Lynch and Kunnels were the first settlers in what is now \n\nBourbon township. Nothing very definite or explicit can be learned, \nhowever, regarding these settlements. \n\nRobert Rowland settled on the northeast quarter of section 35, \ntownship 51, range 13, near the Perche line, about the year 1827. \n\n\n\n542 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nRobert Schooling came to the southeast quarter of the section where \nEowland settled in 1831,^ and Woodson Evans settled near Schooling \nabout the same time, as did also Wm. Kincaid. Rowland and School- \ning were from Kentucky. North of Schooling\'s settlement, in the \nnortheast quarter of section 26, township 51, range 13, Nicholas S. \nWoods settled in 1832. Ira Taylor located two and a half miles \nsouthwest of Sturgeon some time between the years 1845 and 1848. \nNear here the first house in the Grand Prairie was built by Wm. \nGreen ; date not learned, neither has the date of Green\'s settlement \nbeen ascertained. \n\nIn the Schooling settlement the first marriage reported is that of \nSam. Rowland and Emeline Schooling, in 1832. The marriage oc- \ncurred at Schooling\'s, and the ceremony was performed by the dis- \ntinguished Baptist minister, Rev. Fielding Wilhite. The first death \nwas that of a child of Woodson Evans, about the year 1831. The \nbody was buried on section 2, township 50, range 13, now Perche \ntownship. \n\nThe first physician was Dr. Alex. Robinson, who practiced in 1835, \ncoming directly from Columbia, and to Missouri from Kentucky. He \nfinally went to St. Joseph. During his residence in Boone, Dr. Rob- \ninson represented the county in the Legislature, and after his removal \nto St. Joseph, he was sent from Buchanan county to the same body. \nHe was an excellent physician and very popular. Dr. Hiram B. \nJohnson located in 1849 or 1850, about two and a half miles south- \neast of Sturgeon . \n\n^ Very soon after the settlements were effected, religious services \nwere held. The pioneer preachers trod hard upon the heels of the \nfirst cabin builders, and often were among the latter class themselves. \nDr. Provines, an Old School Presbyterian, held the first services in \nthe neighborhood, in 1832. Another pioneer preacher was Wm. \nCrockett. Dr. Provines preached the first sermon at Ed. Graves\'s, \njust across in the corner of Rocky Fork township, section 1, township \n50, range 13. \n\nThe first school-house was built on section 35, about 1837. It was \n\nnot an elaborate affair, but answered very well at that day. The \n\nname of the first teacher has not been obtained, nor have the first \n\n. names of his scholars ; but it is known that the latter were the children \n\nof Esq. Schooling, Rowland, Evans, Woods, and others. \n\n\n\nOne account says in 1835. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 543 \n\nITEMS OF EARLY HISTORY. \n\nIt is claimed that the first physician in this township was Dr. Wells. \nIn the year 1843, a Dr. Taylor practiced in Pittsburg. The first house \nin the prairie below Sturgeon was built by W. D. Kelly on the north- \neast quarter of section 20, township 51, range 12, in the year 1837. \nMrs, Elizabeth Kelly, wife of W. D. Kelly, is probably the oldest \nliving female born in Boone county. She is the daughter of Zadok \nRiggs, and was born in the southern part of the county, not far from \nProvidence, February 1, 1819. \n\nORGANIZATION. \n\nFor many years after the organization of the county, Bourbon \ntownship was included in Perche and Rocky Fork townships. At last, \nhowever, its population had increased to such an extent, and its interest \ndemanded that the territory now comprised therein should be erected \ninto a separate township. At the June term of the county court, 1854, \n(to be exact, on the 19th of the month), the court made the following \norder : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nOrdered by the Courts That a new municipal township be erected in this county out of \nparts of Perche and Rocliy Fork ; to be taken out of said townships by a line running with \nthe township line between townships 50 and 51 across the county, and all that territory lying \nnorth of said line in this county to compose the said new township, to be denominated \nBourbon Township ; and it is ordered that the place of holding elections in said township be \nthe town of Bourbonton. \n\n"The town of Bourbonton " was also called Buena Vista, and is \nreferred to in the sketch of the town of Sturgeon, on another page. \nThe boundaries of Bourbon township remained the same until the \ncreation of Centralia township. It is said that the township took its \nname from Bourbonton, then its chief town ; and that the town was \nnamed by some of the citizens who were from Bourbon county, \nKentucky, their neighborhood being called Bourbon. It is also re- \nported that the town was named from the leading brand of whisky \non draft in the place. \n\nINCIDENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR IN BOURBON TOWNSHIP BURNING OF \n\nTHE STURGEON BRIDGE. \n\nThe first act of war, or act connected with the war history, in this \ntownship was in June, 1861. As related to the compiler, on Saturday, \nthe 15th of the month, the railroad bridge over Sailingtown branch near \nSturgeon, was burned about 12 o\'clock of that day by Sergeant \n\n\n\n544 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nE.. Bruce Ball, who claimed to be acting under special orders from Gov. \nC. F. Jackson. The bridge was soon rebuilt, and trains were runnino; \nas usual. \n\nDESTRUCTION OF THE NORTH MISSOURI RAILROAD AND SKIRMISH IN \n\nRIGGS\'S PASTURE.^ \n\nOn the night of December 20, 1861, detachments of the companies \nof Captains James Watson, J. J. Searcy, M. Gr. Corlew, Francis Petty, \nW. F. Kobards (and perhaps of F.Carson), all of the Confederate \nservice, amounting to about 250 men, under command of Capt. \nWatson, raided the North Missouri Kailroad and destroyed a consid- \nerable portion of the track of that thoroughfare in order to prevent \nthe passage of Federal troops, the transportation of supplies, etc. \nThe track was injured considerably, but not very seriously, as it was \nsoon rebuilt. Some bridges and trestles were burned. The men en- \ngaged in this work looked upon the affair as a sort of frolic to be par- \nticipated in without serious consequences to themselves, but to work \ngreat injury to their enemies and consequent benefits to the Confeder- \nate cause. \n\nThe next morning after the night\'s operations, the greater portion \nof the Confederates encamped on Z. T. Riggs\'s farm, near the center \nof the east half of the northeast quarter of section 24, township 51, \nrange 12, or about four miles southwest of Centralia. The stoppage \nwas made to get breakfast. While they were eating they were sud- \ndenly attacked by a force of Federals commanded by Major David \nMcKee, and believed to belong to the 7th Missouri Cavalry Volun- \nteers. By count the Federals numbered 110 men. The attack was a \ncomplete surprise, and being made with great impetuosity, and the \nFederals being well armed and mounted, the Confederates were soon \nrouted and driven in great confusion from the field. \n\nThe Confederate loss was John Onan, Jr., andThos. Tolson, killed ; \nJames Tolson mortally wounded ; Allen Pipes and Beverly Shackle- \nford wounded, and a young man named McQuitty had both thighs \nbroken by being thrown from his horse, while trying to escape. \nCapt. Watson was slightly wounded, and others were scratched. \nThe Federals had some men wounded, but none killed. A few of the \nConfederates went to Joel Palmer\'s for breakfast, and afterwards rode \nby mistake so close upon the Federals that they were made prisoners. \n\n\n\n1 Sometimes called "the Kiggs\'sRun Fight. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 545 \n\nTheir names were Thos. M. Smith, Joliu Patton, Stephen Stott, \nand John Tompkins, of Boone county ; R. B. Crowder, of Macon \ncounty ; George H. Cunningham and George M. PuUiam from Holt \ncounty. \n\nAll of the wounded were at first taken into Mr. Riggs\'s house, " and \nthey made it pretty bloody," says Mr. R. Soon after the Federals \nwere removed to Sturgeon, where their wounds were dressed and at- \ntended to by Dr. J. S. Lockridge. The doctor states that Maj. Mc- \nKee urged him to hurry up and go out to the battlefield, as there \nwere wounded Confederates there who needed his assistance worse \nthan his own (the Major\'s) men. The Major seemed actuated ty \ngenerous impulses on this occasion and made a favorable impression \non all with whom he came in contact. After attending to the Federal \nwounded at Sturgeon, Dr. Lockridge hastened to the scene of the \nskirmish and dressed the wounds of the Confederates, in which work \nhe was assisted by Dr. Elliott, of Watson\'s forces, who had been cap- \ntured and paroled. \n\nThe Confederate prisoners were first taken to Macon City, and from \nthence to Palmyra. Here they were tried by a military commission \nof which Col. Groesbeck, 39th Ohio Infantry, was president, on a \ncharge of railroad and bridge burning convicted and sentenced "to be \nshot to death at such time and place as the major general command- \nmg this department shall direct." Gen. Halleck at that time was in \ncommand, and he approved the sentence and deputed Gen. Prentiss \nto warn them of their approaching fate. The time and place were \nnever designated. February 20, 1862, Gen. Halleck issued an order, \nm which he declared that " in consideration of the recent victories won \nby the Federal forces,^ and of the rapidly increasing loyalty of the \ncitizens of Missouri \xc2\xab * * the sentences of John C. Tompkins, \nWm. J. Forshey, John Patton, Thos. M. Smith, Stephen Stott, Geo. \nH. Cunningham, R. B. Crowder and Geo. M. Pulliam, heretofore \ncondemned to death, are provisionally mitigated to close confinement \nin the military prison at Alton. If rebel spies again destroy railroad \nlines, and render it necessary for us to make severe examples, the \noriginal sentences against these men will be carried into execu- \ntion." \n\nThe prisoners were removed from Palmyra to Alton, and each \nplaced in a cell to himself, in the fourth story of the building, next \n\n\n\nPort Donelson had been recently captured, among other victories. \n\n35 \n\n\n\n546 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe roof. During cold weather they were forced to go to bed to keep \nwarm. One by one they fell sick and were removed to the hospital. \nFrom here Mr. Smith made his escape. What finally became of the \nothers is not known. \n\nJIM Jackson\'s fight with the federals in 1864. \n\nIn the late fall or early winter of 1864, " Captain " Jim Jackson, a \nguerrilla leader or bushwhacker, was operating in this section w^ith a \nsmall band. With seven of his men he was sitting down to supper \nm a house about two miles west of Sturgeon, and within three \nhundred yards of the county line, when he was attacked by \nLieut. Keebaugh, of Glasgow, with a force of Federals forty- \nfive in number. Though surprised, the guerrillas were not dis- \nconcerted. Accustomed to every sort of fighting, they at once sprang \nup and made for the door, drawing their revolvers as they rose and \nfiring them as they ran. The house, a little log cabin with one room, \nwas completely surrounded by the Federals, but Jackson and his men \ncut their way out, and escaped with but the loss of one man badly \nwounded, and he afterward recovered, and two horses, which were \nbrought into Sturgeon. The Federal loss was two men raortaMy \nwounded and five slightly injured. The mortally wounded men died \nshortly afterward. The wounded men were all left in charge of Dr. J. \nS. Lockridge. He dressed their wounds, cared for them and stayed \nwith them that night, and sent them to Macon City with the two dead \nmen the next morning. \n\nIt was late in the evening when the fight occurred. Jackson and \nhis men escaped into the " Blackfoot countr}^" and Lieut. Keebaugh \nwent on to Sturgeon. On their way into town the Federals captured \nBill Woods and brought him in. He was confined in the court-house, \nbut made an almost miraculous escape. He left behind him his boots \nand hat, together with almost unmistakable signs that he had fallen \ninto the big well, and this was the general opinion among friends as \nwell as foes. Cold as the weather was. Woods preferred to walk over \nthe prairies bareheaded and barefooted to staying and taking his \nchances with the Federals. \n\nJim Jackson was originally from Texas. As stated by himself, he \njoined the Texas Rangers at the outbreak of the war, went to Tennes- \nsee, killed a comrade, and then deserted and joined a Tennessee \ncavalry regiment. He served under John Morgan and was on the \nOhio raid, in which he was captured. He escaped from Camp Doug- \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 547 \n\nlas, Chicago, in the early spring of 1864, and made his way into Mis- \nsouri, joining Holtzclaw\'s guerriUas in Chariton county. He was \nsoon made Holtzclaw\'s lieutenant, but afterward had a band of his \nown. He surrendered to Capt, Cook, at Columbia, in the spring of \n1865, but was killed by the Audrain militia soon after, while on hi& \nway to Illinois. \n\nHANGING or AMOS JUDY. \n\nIn 1863 Amos Judy, who lived a few miles southeast of Sturgeon, \nwas taken from his home one night by a band of bushwhackers, car- \nried away and never again heard of. Judy was a Union man who had \nrendered himself especially obnoxious to the Confederates, by acting as \na guide and a spy for the Federals when they visited the township . He \nhad also been a member of Company B, 9th M. S. M. \xe2\x80\x94 Capt. Adams\' \ncompany of Guitar\'s regiment. Whatever became of Judy is not cer- \ntainly known. It is believed, however, that he was taken over on \nSilver\'s Fork and hung and his body secreted. His family made dili_ \ngent search and inquiry for his remains, but with no success. \n\nIn 1879, while a party of hunters were on Silver\'s Fork their atten- \ntion was attracted by an old and somewhat peculiar " blaze " upon \nthe body of a tree, very high up, as though made by a person on \nhorse-back. A further investigation disclosed a slight depression in \nthe soil at the foot of the tree, bearing the outline of an old grave. \nStrict inquiries of the oldest resident in the locality failed to discover \na clue as to who had been buried in such a strange, out-of-the-way \nspot. Prompted by curiosity, the party procured a spade, and after \ndigging down about two feet they came upon portions of the charred \nremains of a human skeleton, lying amidst a bed of ashes and charred \nwood. At the head of the grave was found a small rusty hand axe. \nThe grave was situated due east and west, and its location is in a \ndirect line from where Judy lived, being but a very short distance \nfrom his residence. But what is more significant, it is in the identi- \ncal direction pursued by the party on that memorable night. When \nwe take into consideration the circumstance that it was rumored at \nthe time of his disappearance that Judy was first shot and then his \nbody burned, it seems reasonable to suppose that the secret of his \ngrave has been discovered. At least such appears to be the general \nimpression . \n\nWHY THEY WENT A-SOLDIERING. \n\nIn 1863 Joshua ("Jot") Creson and a minister named Butts \nstarted for the Confederate army. They were captured by the Fed- \n\n\n\n548 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nerals and brought before the provost marshal. That official put on a \nsevere look and sternly demanded of Parson Butts why he had left * \nhome and kindred and started for the miserable rebel army, wherein \nwere all manner of men that were vile and wicked and contemp- \ntible. \n\n" Well, captain," replied Mr. Butts, " I am a minister of the gos- \npel, and having often heard of the terrible depravity of the rebel sol- \ndiers, I was moved with pity at their condition, and thought I would \ngo down and ^reac/i /"or theyn, seeing that they needed it so bad." \n\nThis excuse seemed satisfactory to the shoulder-strapped worthy, \nand his features relaxed as he bade the would-be missionary sit down. \nThey contracted, however, as he ordered up Creson for examination. \n" What is your excuse for starting to the rebel army? " he thundered \nout. \n\n" Mef " returned " Jot," with a semblance of great fear and trem- \nbling ; "Me? O! I \xe2\x80\x94 I- \xe2\x80\x94 went along to hear Mr. Butts preach !\' \' \n\nWith a hearty laugh the Federal officer released both parson and \nprivate and they were discharged, as they should have been. \n\nHOW "jot" creson shot rev. BARNES. \n\nThe venerable old pioneer preacher, "Uncle Jimmy" Barnes, was \na strong Union man. " Jot " Creson was a " rebel " sympathizer, but \na noted wag as well. On one occasion Creson came suddenly upon \n" Uncle Jimmy " in a secluded place in the public road. Reining up \nhis horse "Jot" fiercely said: "\'Uncle Jimmy,\' you are a Union \nman, and you know I don\'t like you. I am a rebel, and I am going \nto shoot you. \' \' Although really believing his life to be in great danger, \n" Uncle Jimmy " was not badly frightened. In as cool and deliberate \na voice as he could command, he replied to the threat of his " rebel " \nneighbor: "Well, \'Jot,\' I am getting old, and if you do shoot me \n3^ou won\'t shoot me out of very many years. I am ready ; blaze \naway." Creson drew himself up, thrust his hand into his pocket and \ndrew out \xe2\x80\x94 not a pistol, but a pint bottle filled with good whisky, \nand this he thrust into the old man\'s face. " Uncle Jimmy " liked \nhis toddy very well, and he soon took Creson\'s weapon from him and \nextracted therefrom a comfortable dram and passed it back. The \njoke was fully apparent and the two fell to chatting at once very \nfriendly. In a few minutes, as they were about to separate, the old \n.minister said : " \' Jot,\' I am on my way to preaching and as I\'m get- \nting old, and its pretty hard work to preach, won\'t you please shoot \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 54^ \n\nme again, so as to help me along? " It is needless to say that " Uncle \nJimmy " was " shot " again, with a good solid " load," too. \n\nMISCELLANEOUS. \n\nMrs. Frances Ann Maher, born in South Carolina, December 28,. \n1796, and who has lived in Missouri for 56 years, was probably the \noldest woman living in the township July 4,~1882. Joshua Gibson \nwas reported as the oldest man. \n\nIn June, 1860, M. M. Jessee picked up from the surface of the \nground a small globe of iron resembling a grapeshot, which, it was \nsupposed, had been used long ago in a campaign against the Indians. \nThe piece was about one and a half inches in diameter, and much re- \nsembled a grapeshot, but could hardly have been, since no artillery \nwas used against the Indians in this country in early days. \n\nIn 1881, while the surveyors were running a route for the Hannibal \nand Southwestern Kailroad, near John H. Seymour\'s, Mr. S., with an \nold rifle, shot and killed two turkeys at one shot. The fowls were \ndressed and served for dinner, to which the surveyors were invited ; \nand as they accepted the invitation in force, a big time and a jolly one \nwas had. \n\nMr. W. H. Welch has a pair of silver cuff buttons, brought from \nIreland to America before the revolutionary war, by his great-great- \ngrandfather. \n\nBurning Bumble Bees. \xe2\x80\x94 In September, 1880, Thomas Stewart, a \nlad about fourteen years of age, found a bumble bee\'s nest about a \nmile south of Sturgeon, and sought to visit the occupants thereof \nwith fire, if not with sword, to " have some fun." Accordingly the \nmatch was applied, and the fire burned nicely. It burned so nicel}^, \nin fact, that it consumed a fine meadow, a quarter of a mile of fence, \nsix stacks of hay, and played the mischief generally. "But," the \nboy remarked consolingly, and almost with exultation, " it everlast- \ningly fetched them bees ! \' \' \n\nSTORIES BY UNCLE DURRETT BRUCE. \n\nDurrett Bruce was born near Lexington, Kentucky, in March, \n1789. He came to Boone county in the year 1834, and was one of \nthe first citizens of this township. He blazed out the road from the \nChristian Church in section 19, township 51, range 13, north to the \ncounty line, on the 7th of April, 1837, as he was on his Avay to a new \nclaim in Eandolph county. \n\n\n\n550 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nAlthough in his 94tli year, "Uncle" Durrett is hale, hearty and \njolly, and can tell a good story or Gnjoy one with the best of them. \nThe compilers are indebted to him for much valuable information in \nthe shape of reminiscences, incidents, etc. Some of Mr. Bruce\'s \ntales may savor of the improbable to a few hypercritical people, but \nthe large majority of readers will accept his statements with ready \ncredence, and only regret that there are not more of them. \n\n\'Coon Branch got its name, Uncle Durrett says, from this circum- \nstance : A settler was going along its banks one day when he chanced \nto closely observe a large elm tree, the trunk of which was slowly \nbut regularly contracting and expanding with alternate movements. \nCurious to learn what occasioned the spectacle, the settler cut down \nthe tree and split it open. Lo, snugly imbedded or imprisoned \nwithin the trunk like the imprisoned fiends in Rinaldo\'s grove, were \nlots of \'coo7is/ There were big \'coons, little \'coons, old \'coons, \nyoung \'coons, ;to a vast number, and an unlimited extent. Their \nbreathing, it seemed, was regular and simultaneous, and the contrac- \ntion and expansion of their diaphragms, regular as pulse beats, \ncaused the tree to open and shut, open and shut, open and shut. \nWith great propriety the stream was thereafter called \'Coon Branch. \n\nSugar Creek, says Mr. Bruce, took its name from the number of \nsugar trees along its margin, and also from the following incident: \nThe sugar trees were very full of the richest sort of sap. The woods \ncaught fire one spring, and many of the trees were badly heated and \nscorched. A German settler, after the fire had passed, cut down a \nhollow sugar tree and found, nicely granulated and stowed away in the \ncenter, about 150 pounds of an excellent quality of maple sugar, which \nhad been, by the action of the heat, extracted from the sap and as \nscientifically boiled down and "sugared ofi"\' as if the process had \nbeen accomplished by the aid of a patent pan ! \n\nJohnson Branch was named for Alfred Johnson, said to have been the \nlargest man in the world. Lick Fork was so named from the num- \nber of deer licks alono-its maro:in. \n\nUncle Durrett says he once caught seven wolves out of a ground- \nhog hole, just over the line, in Howard county. At that day a \nbounty was paid for wolf scalps, and Mr. Bruce says he first thought \nhe would save these wolves and breed for the market, as it were ; but \nthey gave him more trouble than their scalps would be worth, as \nthey effectually cleaned out his chicken coops and pig pens in a short \ntime. Uncle Durrett saj\'-s he and his neighbors soon learned to turn \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 551 \n\nmany an honest penny by making two wolf scalps out of one, by a \nprocess, adroitly rendered, of splitting the ears and dividing them. \nDogs were trained to fight wolves, as follows : The wolves were \ncaught in large traps made of poles, and set with bait and triggers. \nWhen one was caught one of his ham-strings was cut, or a chain \nfastened to his leg and held by a man, and then one dog, or two, if \nthe case demanded it, turned upon him. \n\nThe people were accustomed to put "blobs" into their calves\' \nmouths, to prevent their sucking. The implements gave the animals \na singular, not to say a ridiculous, appearance. The first time a man \nnamed Isham saw a calf with a " blob," he thought it had tried to swal- \nlow a pocket book and got choked, and he chased it up and down a \ncreek for hours, trying to secure possession of the supposed treasure. \nThis creek is in Audrain county, and was named for the man who \nchased the calf with a "blob." \n\nWhile divine service was beins; held down at John Rowland\'s, some \ntwenty-five years ago, two bulls got to fighting, near the house. A \nwell was being dug near the church, and it had been left uncovered. \nIn their mad plunging and struggling the animals approached the \nopen pit, and one of them backed fairly into it, falling down about \nsix feet, or until he struck the rock wall, which had been partially \nbuilt, where he stuck and looked wildly around. The men of the \ncongregation, who, notwithstanding the gravity of the occasion, had \nbeen regarding the fight with more interest than they had listened to \nthe sermon, rushed out of the meeting-house, and thinking the case \nsimilar to that of an ox in the ditch, procured ropes and chains, and, \nSunday as it was, at last succeeded in extricating the bovine from his \nuncomfortable quarters. \n\nOn another occasion there was preaching at Mr. Rowland\'s, and \nthere were also a butting ram on the premises and a wicked boy. \nThe ram had been receiving his education from the boy, and had \nlearned one thing right well. Whenever any one stopped and crooked \na finger at him he would butt like a batterino- ram or an iron-clad. \nThe minister was kneeling down in front of an open door, but with \nhis back to it, and was " battering the gates of heaven with storms of \nprayer." The ram was outside, watching the minister, and the boy \nwas inside, watching the ram. Presently the boy leaned over toward \nthe sheep, and, having succeeded in attracting its attention, crooked \nhis fingers, just in front of the rear elevation of the preacher. This \nwas too much. The ram had been considerably worked up over the \n\n\n\n552 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nminister\'s clapping Ms hands and shouting, and now that a taunt had \nbeen thrown out he could endure it no lono;er. He rushed throuo;h \nthe door like he had been shot out of a gun, and, striking the suppli- \nant divine in the small of the back, upset not only him but the gravity \nof the congregation as well. It was with some difficulty that the rq,m \nwas suppressed, and the wicked boy laughed like a fiend. \n\n" Uncle Durrett " now lives in Moberly. He is a locksmith, and \nstill works at his trade although ninety-three years of age. He is \nundoubtedly the oldest person in this section of Missouri. As before \nstated, he is hale, hearty, and full of fun. He is able to do a fair \nday\'s work, and reads well without spectacles. \n\n^ " UNCLE " JOHN ALEXANDER, \n\nOne of the pioneers of the county and township, relates another \nincident concerning preaching and preachers down at John Rowland\'s \nin an early day. About the year 1825 there was preaching at Row- \nland\'s when he lived near old Bethlehem church, Perche township. \nAfter services Rev. Wm. H. Hutchinson killed a garter snake and took \nit up stairs with him, and pretended to be asleep, as he knew Robert \nSloan, a brother minister, would soon follow him. Mr. Sloan soon \ncame up lay down, and began to snore. Hutchinson had previously \ntied a string to the snake and as soon as Sloan was asleep he began \nto draw the reptile up his leg. Sloan awaked and catching sight of \nthe "varmint," sprang suddenly from the bed, and yelled as if the evil \none were upon him. Hutchinson laughed and then Sloan, seeing the \njoke that had been played upon him, and not taking it in good part, \nturned on Hutchinson in an angry mood, and the two men, preachers \nthough they were, were soon engaged in a real rough and tumble \nfight. They were separated with some difficulty, but soon made \nfriends, and laughed it all over. \n\nA BEAR CHASE. \n\nUncle John Alexander states that in the fall of 1819, as Joshua \nAlexander, John Rowland, and others were helping put on the roof of \na cabin down in Perche township, near the Howard line, they heard \na small dog coming toward them barking violently. Looking up they \nsaw a large bear advancing rapidly. Bruin passed them by in peace, \nbut the men gave chase with guns, dogs, etc., as soon as they could. \nThey treed the animal pretty soon and several shots were fired at it \nwithout effect. Finally Joshua Alexander, with a Avell directed shot. \n\n\n\n\' HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 553 \n\nbrought down the bear. No sooner had the huge animal been dis- \npatched when ah)ng came Col. Ben Rives, Joe Davis, and others who \nclaimed that they had started it. Consequently the animal was skinned \nand equally divided among both parties. \n\nRAILROAD FIRES. \n\nSome years ago, before spark-arresters on locomotives were in- \nvented, the people living along the line of the North Missouri railroad \nin this township suffered greatly at certain seasons of the year from \nprairie fires and grass fires . The land along the road is prairie and open \nand when the grass was dry it was easily ignited by the large sparks that \nfell from the engines. In dry seasons the people were afraid to leave \nhome, and stood as minute men ready to sally out to fight fire as soon \nas smoke was discovered. \n\nTHE SHROYER MURDER CASE. \n\nA most horrible and at the same time a most interesting case of \nmurder occurred in this township in the fall of 1876. The particulars, \nhere given are taken from the Sturgeon Leader of August 5, 1882. \nThe editor of the Leader, Mr. T. S. Carter, is better informed con- \ncerning the facts in the case than any other person, and was promi \nnent in cansino; the arrest of the alleo-ed murderer : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nLate Saturday evening, October 14th, 1876, a wagon drove up to \nMrs. Martha A. Seymour\'s, about three miles southwest of Sturgeon. \nIn the wagon was a man and a woman, and three children \xe2\x80\x94 two bo3^s \nand a girl. The man wanted to buy some feed for his horses. While \nhe was at the barn getting some corn from Mr. Gulick, Mrs, Sey- \nmour\'s son-in-law, the woman in the wagon told Mrs. Seymour that \nher husband was going to kill her that night, that he had threatened \nto do so, and if she would go down in the morning to where they \nwould camp that night she would find her dead body. Nothing fur- \nther was thought of this till the 7th day of February, 1877, when \nsome choppers in the woods suddenly came upon the mutilated re- \nmains of a human being. The bones and clothing were gathered up \nand an inquest held. An examination showed that the skull had been \nbroken as if by a heavy blow ; one arm was also broken. Everybody \nwas satisfied that a murder had been committed but how to find out \nthe perpetrator of the dark deed was the question. Mrs. Seymour \nrecollected the circumstances of the movers who passed her house the \nprevious October. Marion White, residing three miles west of where \n\n\n\n554 HISTORY or boone county. \n\nthe b ody was found, recollected that a man and three children came \nto his house early on the morning of October 15th, 1876, but no \nwoman was with them. The man, children, wagon and team were ex- \nactly as described by Mrs. Seymour and others who had seen them \nthe day before. This was all telegraphed to the St. Louis papers and \nin a short time found its way to Marshall, Kansas. In a few days a \n\'letter came from Marshall stating that Mike Shroyer left there that \nfall for Miami County, Indiana, with his wife and three children to \ncollect some money coming to her from her first husband\'s estate, she \nhaving previously been married, but he returned without his wife and \ncould tell no reasonable or even plausible story about what became of \nher and that people suspicioned him as having killed her. \n\nLetters were written to Indiana and answers received stating that \nShroyer and his wife and three children left there about the last of \nSeptember with exactly the same outfit \xe2\x80\x94 wagon and team \xe2\x80\x94 as seen \nat Mrs. Seymour\'s the evening before the murder and by Mr. White \nthe morning after it. Samples of clothing were sent from Indiana \nwhich corresponded exactly with that found upon the dead woman. \n\nThe little g-irl was sick when at Mr. White\'s and it was noticed that \nshe had a crippled hand. The child was sick when Shroyer arrived \nhome in Kansas, and the editor of the Leader, who made a trip to \nKansas on the hunt of Shroyer, saw the child of Michael Shroyer, a \ngirl, with a crippled hand exactly as described by Mrs. White and \nothers. Many other interesting circumstances went to show that \nMichael Shroyer had murdered his wife. \n\nBeing fully satisfied of his guilt, he was indicted at the April term, \n1877, of the Boone circuit court, and here the matter rested until in \nJuly, 1882, when he was captured in Jasper county. Mo., and brought \nback to this county and lodged in our county jail. The Leader says \nthat a man named John Pittman once resided in Marshall county, \nKansas, and was a near neighbor to the Shroyers and became well ac- \nquainted with Mike. Subsequently he moved to Jasper county. Mo., \nand settled near Joplin. He was living there when he read in the pa- \npers accounts of the murder of Mrs. Shroyer by her husband, nearly \nsix years ago, but the matter had almost entirely left his mind until \nabout July 20, 1882, when he suddenl}^ came upon Mike Shroyer, \nwho was at work as a grader on the Webb City Extension of the Kan- \nsas City, Ft. Scott & Gulf Kailroad\'. Pittman then wrote to an old \nfriend of his in Marshall county, Kansas, inquiring about Shroyer. \nBut in the meantime he told some parties -^bout the report that \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 555 \n\nMike Shroyer had murdered his wife somewhere in Missouri but he \ndid not remember wliere. It so happened that John Esry, Jr., and \nJohn Jester, former residents of Sturgeon, were present and heard \nPittraan\'s story. They remembered well all the circumstances con- \nnected with the finding of the body of the murdered woman, and at \nonce the sheriff of the county (Roberts) was notified and Shroyer \nwas arrested and lodged in jail. He afterwards brought the prisoner \nto Columbia and committed him to the safe keeping of Mr. Stone, \nthe sheriff of Boone County, who will retain him for trial. \n\nSHOOTING OF ROWLAND. \n\nA difficulty occurred in Bourbon township, at Union church, in \n1879, between two prominent members named Wade and Rowland. \nThey were brothers-in-law, and it seems had quarrelled over the set- \ntlement of an estate in which they were both interested. The affair \ngot into the church, necessitating a church trial for adjustment. It \nwas while the members were meeting for that purpose that Wade \nshot Rowland. The courts have not yet finally passed upon the case, \nand it is not for the historian to anticipate the action of the councils \nof justice. \n\nOLD PETERSBURG. \n\nOn the east half of the southwest quarter of section 31, town- \nship 51, range 12, where is now a corn field, once stood a little \nvillage, called Petersburg. It was laid out in the year 1836, or \nperhaps in 1837, and was a noted little village, on Silver\'s Fork of \nPerche, at one time with a population of say fifty souls. There were \ntwo stores in the place, a mill, a tanyard, blacksmith shop, etc. Gen. \nGeo. Dorris, now of St. Louis, put up the first store in Petersburg. \nGen. D.\'s wife, who was murdered in the fall of 1881, by her grandson, \nRussell Brown, is well remembered by the old citizens. The wife of \nGen. John A. Logan, now U. S. senator from Illinois, was born in \nPetersburg. Her maiden name was Mary Cunningham. Many of \nher relatives now reside in the vicinity. \n\nThe mill at Petersburg belonged to H. Brink, who was really the \nfounder of the little town. \n\nOld Petersburg, like other frontier towns in an early day, was a \ngreat place for frolicking, dancing, fun and fighting. Many an old \nstager with gray beard and bald head will feel young again as he \nrecalls the delightful scenes through which he passed when in his \nyouth he was wont to visit and recreate in Petersburg. But the \n\n\n\n556 HISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntown, like the days of his youth, has passed away forever, and its \nmemories at hist are bitter as well as sweet. \n\nAmong the many incidents related of Old Petersburg is this one : \nLong ago there was an individual in the vicinity who was known as \n"Tasty" Jones. He was probably ironically so called, from his \ntaste in the selection of his wearing apparel. On one occasion \n"Tasty" had come to town and bought a pound of gunpowder, \nwhich he had put in the pockets of his pantaloons, a bran-new tow- \nlinen pair. He went into a blacksmith shop to swap news with the \nvillage smithy. While standing carelessly about, a livid spa,rk from \nthe anvil flew ao-ainst his linen unmentionables, and set them on fire. \nThe fire communicated with the powder, and then there came a burst \nof thunder sound \xe2\x80\x94 poor Jones ! Oh, where was he? It is solemnly \naverred that the explosion blew "Tasty" fairly through the roof,, \nwhich was a low one, and badly demoralized the roof itself; that it \nknocked the blacksmith galley- west and crooked, and frightened the \ntownspeople into thinking an earthquake was upon them. Jones was \nlaid up for some days, but finally recovered. His pants were a total \nwreck, and perished in the great catastrophe. \n\nm\'cauley\'s mill. \n\nThis mill stands on Perche creek, on the northeast quarter of sec- \ntion 7, township 51, range 13. It was built in the year 1807, by \nJohn Peacher, Curtis Gentry, and J. R. and H. W. Jackson. Its \nfirst cost was about $1,200, but its present value is about $1,500, as \nestimated by Mr. McCauley. The mill is a saw and grist mill com- \nbined, and grinds both wheat and corn. It uses the patent process \nfor purifying middlings. During the fall and winter seasons it runa \nregularly. In the spring, and subsequently, it is usually operated \nbut one or two days in the week. \n\nSCHOOL HOUSES IN BOUKBON. \n\nBarrett School House. \xe2\x80\x94 Stands on the southeast quarter of section \n29, township 51, range 13. The site, one acre, was donated by J. \nH. Alexander, including the timber, although he was childless. He \nwas a trustee for one j^ear after the house was built. The house was \nbuilt in the summer of 1877, at a cost of $300. The average term of \nschool in this district for the past year or two has been low on ac- \ncount of indebtedness. Average attendance, twenty-five. Present \ntrustees, Geo. W. Gulick, Wra. B. Prowell, and John H. Graves. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 557 \n\nDimvicldie School House. \xe2\x80\x94 Northeast quarter of section 11, town- \nship 51, range 12. The site comprises two acres. The house was \nbnilt about 1872, at a cost of $300. Average term of school, six \nmonths ; average attendance, twenty ; average wages per month paid \nteachers, $32.50. Present teacher. Miss Ella Patterson. Present \ntrustees, L, W. White, president; Zadok Kelly, secretary and clerk; \nWm. Dinwiddle, treasurer. \n\nTurner School House. \xe2\x80\x94 Northwest quarter of section 12, town- \nship 51, range 13. The site, one acre, was donated by J. Turner. \nThe house was built in 1876, and cost $340. Average term of school, \nsix months ; attendance, fifteen ; teacher\'s wages, $35 and $40. Last \nteacher. Miss Eose Ann Seymour. \n\nWoods School House. \xe2\x80\x94 Near the centre of section 26, township \n51, range 13. The house was built about 1857, and cost $400. Av- \nerage school term, seven months; teacher\'s wages, $35.00. \n\nWhite School House. \xe2\x80\x94 Southeast quarter of section 7, township 51, \nrange 13. The site, an acre, was donated equally by J. T. and Thomas \nWhite. The house was built in the summer of 1876, and cost $410. \nFour or five months of public school are held during the year besides \na private school term of two or three months. The average wages \npaid teachers is $37.50. Miss Addie White was the last teacher. \nPresent directors, J. T. White, James M. Chaney, J. R. Jackson. \n\nRobinson School House \xe2\x80\x94 Is on the southeast quarter of section \n25, township 51, range 14. The house was built near the year 1872 ; \ncost, $325. The average attendance is about thirty-five. The salary \nis from $30 to $40. Directors, Geo. Hombs, John Robinson, Han- \nsen Smith. Robinson school house is noted for its spelling matches \nand debating schools. \n\nThe Tucher School House. \xe2\x80\x94 This school house is located on the \nnorthwest quarter of the southwest quarter of section 20, township \n51, range 12. It was built about the year 1869. The site contains \nabout an acre of ground. The building cost from $400 to $450. B. \nF. Tucker, Thos. Palmer, and Y. E. Riggs are the present directors. \nMr. Tucker superintended the building of the house. The district \nhas about eight months school in the year, with an average daily at- \ntendance of twenty-eight. \n\nCOUNTRY CHURCHES MT. HOREB, BAPTIST ( EXTINCT). \n\nThis church was situated on the southwest quarter of section 8, \ntownship 51, range 12. The date of its organization is March 3, \n\n\n\n558 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n1853. The original members were Saml, M. and Margaret Eiggs, Jno. \nand Kebecca Hawkins, Jesse and Mary Ann Gopher, Parnielia Winn, \nGerald, Serena, and Elizabeth Angell, Thos. L. and John D., Eze- \nkiel v., and Margaret Hawkins, Peter G. and Margaret Booth, John \nS. Parmer, Francis M. Brink, James, Paulina, and Elizabeth Haw- \nkins, Elizabeth Gibson, Joseph H. and Mary E. Keithley, Priscilla \nAnn Taylor, Mary Ann Bentley, William and Sally Summers, Jame \nA. and Lou Ann Quisenberry, and Jonathan Bogarth. Rev. Wms \nThompson was really the founder of the church. \n\nThe building, a frame, was erected in the summer of 1855. Its \ncost exceeded $1,200. Of this sum $1,100 was subscribed at the start, \nand the remainder added afterwards. When the frame of this \nchurch was up it was blown down by a severe storm. It was again \nput up and all completed but the plastering, when it was struck by \nlightning and shivered so badly that it was torn down and built over \nthe third time. During the war soldiers encamped in it and injured it \nvery considerably. At present it is not used, being an old wreck and \nfast crumbling into complete decay. \n\nDuring its existence the pastors of this church were : Rev. Dr. \nWm. Thompson, W. R. Wigginton, P. T. Gentry, W. K. Woods, B. \nS. Woods, W. R. Wigginton (again). Green Gary, Wigginton (again, \n1866), Green Gary (again, from 1868 to 1871, the last regular \npreacher ) . \n\nThe founder of Mt. Horeb, Dr. Wm. Thompson, was one of the \nablest divines ever in Missouri. He was a native of Scotland, and a \ngraduate of Edinburg University. He was a thorough scholar and \nespecially an accomplished linguist. He afterward became president \nof Wm. Jewell Gollege, Liberty, and died there not many years ago. \nA monument has been erected to his memory. \n\nWhen Dr. Thompson first came into Bourbon township, many years \nago, he was regarded as a " tramp." He called at the residence of \nMr. Hawkins, a prominent church member, and, as he was not at \nhome, started away. Mr. H\'s son, Andrew J. Hawkins, then a boy, \nfollowed Dr. Thompson and inquired his business with his father. \nBeing; informed that it was reo-ardino; church matters, the doctor was \ninvited back to the house to remain over night. Meeting was being \nheld in the neighborhood. Dr. Thompson stated that he sometimes \npreached and he was invited to attend. While in church he was \ncalled on to pray. The worshippers had viewed him with some \nsuspicion and distrust, but when he began to pray he " astonished \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 559^ \n\nthe natives." After the meeting he was invited to preach and became \nthe founder and first pastor of Mt. Horeb. Under his ministrations \nthe church prospered greatly. It is said that the learned divine was \n"cranky" at times. On these occasions he would never speak a \nword \xe2\x80\x94 nothing could induce him to. Furthermore it is stated that \nhe could repeat from memory and by rote every word of the New \nTestament. \n\nFAR WEST CHRISTIAN. \n\nThis church stands on the northeast corner of section 22, township \n51, range 12, The congregation was organized sometime in the year \n1858. Three of the original members were Jesse Roberts, Alfred \nWainscott, and Wm. Denham. \n\nThe first church building, a log structure, was built either in th& \nfall of 1852 or the spring of 1853. It was proposed by James Hen- \ndricks to raise a subscription for the building of a church before any \norganization of any denomination was formed. The people believed \nthat if they would build a house in which to hold meetings that they \ncould obtain the help of a minister and have regular services, and \nthus improve the moral tone of the community. Mr. Hendricks \nheaded the subscription list and the money was raised and the building \ncompleted several years before the organization of the Christian \nchurch. \n\nThe present church building, a frame, was completed in the fall of \n1880. Its cost was about $700 ; a great deal of the work of construc- \ntion was done gratis by the community. The land on which the \nbuilding stands was deeded to the use of" the Methodist, Christian, and \nBaptist churches," although the Christian church was the only denomi- \nnation holding regular meetings. Rev. Stephen J. Bush was the first \npreacher in the new church. The present membership is about 45. \n\nPERCHE CHURCH. \n\nThis church is owned and controlled by the Baptists and Christians \njointly. It is situated in the center of section 19, township 51, range \n13. The Christian organization was formed June 14, 1835. The \noriginal members were Wm. White and wife, Silas Riggs and wife, \nJames Williams and wife, Alfred Johnson and wife, Thomas McBride \nand wife, John White and wife, Joel Bradley and wife, Gabriel \nBradley and wife, Durrett Bruce and wife, Nancy D. San ford, Mar- \ngaret Clayton, Elizabeth Roberts, Mahala Ann Roberts, Caleb Woods, \nNancy Swezer, AVillis Clayton, Nicholas Roberts, Sarah White, \n\n\n\n560 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJoel White and Emily Bradley. The first house of worship was a log \nwith a big fire place aud chimney in each end. The first elders were \nDurrett Bruce, Wm. White and Jolm White. Among the pastors were \nWilliam and John White, John McCune, Silas Naylor, and Minter \nBailey. The present church building is a fine frame structure, \n34x50 feet in size, and was built in the year 1880 at a cost of $1,200. \nIt has not been dedicated. The old church was built about the year \n1835 or 1836. \n\nThe Baptist organization was constituted in 1881, and has but re- \ncently gone into partnership with the Christians. The first organiza- \ntion was composed of 22 members, as follows : Sam\'l Jackson, J. B. \n\nLyon, Wm. Prowell, G. W. Gulick, and Brown, and their wives ; \n\nJames W. Robinson, wife and daughter; Hewson Smith, wife and \ndaughter; Wesley Holmes, Mary E. Holmes, John Robinson, Wood- \nson Tisdel, Elizabeth Tisdel, and J. A. Carr. There have been four \nadditions since the organization. Rev. Green Carey is the pastor. \n\nUNION CHURCH. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nThis is the only Cumberland Presbyterian Church in the county, \nand is located in the northern part of section 35, township 51, range \n13. As nearly as can be ascertained, it was organized in about 1832. \nThe orio-inal members were Robert Rowland and wife ; Robert School- \ning and wife ; Edward Graves and wife ; James, Nancy and Susannah \nSchooling ; and Barnabas S. Woods and wife. The first building \nerected was a log structure, which answered for a meeting-house \nfor several years. They next built a frame, which, however, was \nburned in the summer of 1879. The fire was a mysterious afl^air, \nand is supposed by some to have been the work of incendiaries. \nA tragedy connected with this church is elsewhere given in this \nchapter. \n\nThe ministers that have served this church since 1873, to this writ- \ning, are R. C. Mansfield, T. G. Pool, Johnson, antl G. W. Dysart. \n\nThe present building was erected in 1881, at a cost of about $1,100. \nThe number of members at this writing is about 100. \n\nCEMETERIES. \n\nPalmer Graveyard. \xe2\x80\x94 This is probably the oldest burying ground \nin the township. It was laid out by James Palmer about the year \n1837, and contains about an acre of land. The first interment was \n^bat of John Palmer. Others of the Palmer family are here buried. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 561 \n\nThere are probably twenty graves in the cemetery. Its location is in \nthe southeast quarter of section 20, township 51, range 12. \n\nThe Robinson Graveyard. \xe2\x80\x94 This cemetery, a private one, is in \nsection 8, township 51, range 13, on the farm now owned by J. B. \nRobinson. It was laid out about the year 1849, by Tandy Robinson, \nfather of the present owner of the land. It contains about twenty \nofraves. \n\n\n\nTHE CITY OF STURGEON. \nEARLY HISTORY. \n\nMany years ago a town called Buena Vista stood on the range line \nbetween ranges 12 and 13 and between section 6, township 51, of the \nformer, and section 1 of the latter, the site being about half way of \n\xe2\x80\xa2the section line from north to south. The place was also called Bour- \nbonton. At one time it contained about 150 inhabitants, two stores, \ntwo blacksmith shops, a saloon, etc. The place was renowned chiefly \nfor horse-racing, whisky-drinking, and fighting. It is not important \nthat a full history of Buena Vista be given here, since the place that \nknew it once knows it now no more forever. It is remembered, how- \never, that on one occasion in a row over a horse-race, a Mr. Hudson \nshot four men and cut the throat of another. None of the men were \nkilled, but all were placed hors du combat. This was known as the \nHudson-Perkins- Angell fight. \n\nLemuel Dill was a noted house-mover, and when old Buena Vista \nwas removed to where Sturgeon now is, he moved the houses, using \na huge wagon with axles and coupling-pole long enough to hold a good- \nsized house. \n\nLOCATION AND SURVEY OF THE TOWN. \n\nThe town of Sturgeon was laid out in July and August, 1856, by \nthe Sturgeon Town Company whose trustees were J. D. Patton, \nJames E. Hicks, and Archie Wayne. The site was purchased from \nJohn Rochford, N. B. Burks, and J. B. Smith. Only a short distance \naway, on the northwest quarter of section 5, township 51, range \n12, the town of Prairie City was laid out but swallowed up by the \ntown of Sturgeon, because the railroad company refused to locate a \ndepot therein. John Rochford owned the principal portion of the \nland on which Sturgeon was laid out. He was an engineer and a \ncontractor on the North Missouri Railroad, and built about twenty \nmiles of that important thoroughfare. \n36 \n\n\n\n562 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe town was iiiimed for Hon. Isaac H. Sturs^eou, then the super- \nintendent of the North Missouri Raih\'oad, and was contemplated to be \na station on the road from the start. The little bit of " taify " ten- \ndered the railroad magnate was probably not without its effect in \ncausing the location of a depot at the town bearing his name, but it \ntook something more substantial to effect the location finally and \nabsolutel}^ Six worthy citizens of the vicinity, including Messrs. \nRochford, Burks, and Smith, obligated themselves to pay to the rail- \nroad company $6,000, contingent upon the location of the railroad \nstation as aforesaid. The following is a copy cf the obligation : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWe hereby obligate ourselves to pay to the North Missouri Railroad Company three \nthousand dollars on the 1st day of December next, and the further sum of three thousand \ndollars on the 1st day of August, 1857, provided said railroad company locate a depot on \nsaid railroad between station No. 5772 and station No. 5790, being on the east end of section i \n129 and the west end of section ^ 128, west of Salington creek; and further provided that \nno depot be located within five miles of this point. Given under our hands and seals this^ \nthe 8d of July, 1856. \n\nJohn Rochford. [seal] N. B. Burks, [seal] \n\nJohn B. Smith, [seal] John M. Booth, [seal] \n\nPeter G. Booth, [seal] S. M. Riggs. [seal.] \n\nAs will be seen the railroad company agreed not to locate another \ndepot \'\' within five miles of this point," i. e. the town of Sturgeon^ \nand this agreement gave Prairie City its quietus. \n\nWhen first laid out the founders of Sturo-eon had in view a o-reat \nfuture for their town. Not only was it intended to be a great railroad \ntown and shipping point, but it was intended, and so advertised, to be \nthe county seat of the new county of " Rollins," then in contempla- \ntion of formation. As "Rollins county" was never formed, Stur- \ngeon never became a county capital. The projectors were very \nprofuse of promises at the first to give tracts of land for churches, \nacademies, etc., but it is said that not all of these promises were ful- \nfilled. \n\nTHE " FIRSTS." \n\nIt is difficult to decide whose was the first house in the town. \nClaib. Thompson says that he put the first building in the place, an \nold loo- cabin, which he removed from Buena Vista. This structure is \nnow weatherboarded and is still standing in the southeast part of \ntown, south of the railroad. John F. Fisher framed one house in the \nold town and brought the parts to Sturgeon and put them together, \nand it is claimed for this buildino; that it was the first in the place. \n\n\n\n1 Referring to railroad sections. \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n563 \n\n\n\nAgain it is alleged that the first building erected entirely in the town \nwas built by E. S. Hawkins for Smith & Burks and used by them as a \nstore. This building, it is said, was completed before the one framed \nby John F. Fisher, but this point is one hard to decide. Mr. Haw- \nkins lived near Sturgeon before the town was laid out. This building \nwent up in the fall of 1856, the y^ear the town was laid out. The \nfirst brick house in town was commenced by J. S. Loekridge. He \nwas afterward joined by Maj. John F. Rucker, and they completed it. \nIt is claimed that this was also the first brick house in the township. \nThe first male child born in the town was David A. Mayer, son of \nDaniel and Ann Eliza Mayer, who was born November 11, 1857. The \nfirst female child was Mary A. Murphy, born June 16, 1857. She \nwas a daughter of Michael and Mary Murphy, and is now Mrs. J. A. \nDyer, of Centralia. \n\nThe first death was that of Miss Mary Hukle, who departed this \nlife in April, 1857, aged 18. Her disease was erysipelas. Her burial \nplace has not been ascertained, but it is believed to have been in some \none of the country grave yards. J. B. Smith died in June, 1857. \nThe first family in the town was either that of M. B. Tompkins or \nof Michael Murphy. It is claimed that Tompkins was the first inside \nof the corporate limits. He came in February, 1857, and located on \nlot 10, block 29. Mr. Tompkins kept the first hotel, on lot 16, block \n26. \n\nThe first store was a small supply store for the railroad men while \nthe road was being built. In it were kept a few necessaries of life, \nsuch as whisky, tobacco, etc. The first store worthy of the name was \nthat of Smith & Burks before mentioned. It stood on lot 34, block \n28. The first lot sales are said to have come off in November, 1856, \nand the store was built prior to that time. Smith & Burks kept a \ngood stock of general merchandise. Daniel Mayer moved to Stur- \ngeon from Buena Vista in the spring of 1857, and is now in business \nin the former place, the oldest merchant in town. \n\nAs to the other pioneer business men, mechanics, etc., it may be \n\nstated that Dr. J. S. Loekridge was the first physician ; Henry, \n\nthe first lawyer ; Rev. James Barnes (Baptist), the first minister who \nheld religious services ; Thos. L. Hawkins, the first shoemaker ; T. \nH. Patterson, the first tailor, and the first barber ; John M. Burks, \nRichard Harwood, Wm. Marshall, and Mr. Smith the first black- \nsmiths ; and either James Bishop or Purdy the first photographer. \nBishop went off into the Union army during the civil war and was an \n\n\n\n564 HISTORY or boone county. \n\narmy photographer. While at Ft. Pickering, Memphis, Tenn., he was \nshot and killed by a negro soldier, whom he had offended. The first \nsection boss was a Mr. McCormick. \n\nThe first mayor was Housen Canada ; the first postmaster Adam \nGosline;^ the first newspaper was established in 1858 by Col. Wm. \nA. Strawn and called the News. \n\nThe first church building was the M. E. South, with the Masonic \nHall above, built in 1859. Previous to the building of this church \nreliofious meetino;s had been held in the summer time in arbors erected \nby the people. Political meetings were wont to be held in Daniel \nMayer\'s store, on lot 1, block 36. \n\nThe first school-house was built in 1857. \n\nDaniel Mayer is the oldest merchant now in town, having been here \n25 years. E. S. Hawkins and J. F. Fisher, both carpenters, are the \nonly men now in the place who were here when the town was origin- \nally laid out, in 1856. \n\nITEMS. \n\nWhen the town of Sturgeon was first started its moral tone was not \nthe most elevated. Rows were very frequent, and melees, during \nwhich knives and pistols were flourished, and sometimes used, were \nquite frequent. In time this state of affairs was removed, and the \ncommunity became more tractable and peaceable. \n\nIn the spring of 1857 a cyclone or tornado passed over the young \ntown, and blew down several houses. Among them was a new build- \ning, 50 by 60 feet in size, and three stories high, which was totally \ndemolished. This building was intended for a hotel, and was being \nerected for Claiborne Thompson, by E. S. Hawkins, Esq. It stood \non lot 7, block 28. \n\nThe town grew with reasonable rapidity after the railroad was com- \npleted, and in a year after it was started had a population of from 200 \nto 300 inhabitants. Considerable business was transacted. Sturgeon \nwas the leading shipping point for a large area of country tributary \nto St. Louis. The railroad was a new thing in these parts, and Stur- \ngeon and Ceutralia were the only stations thereon in this county. \nThe former was the recognized leading point, and received and dis- \ncharged considerable quantities of freight, not only from Boone, \nbut from Randolph, Monroe and Audrain counties, as it does to \nthis day. \n\n\n\nThe post-office was established in 1857. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \' 565 \n\n\n\nEARLY DAYS IN STURGEON. \n\n\n\nA year or two since, one of the oldest citizens of Sturgeon, a gen- \ntleman who was one of the first inhabitants of the place, with a \nrecollection of early scenes and events and capacity to write of them, \npublished, in the Sturgeon Leader, some reminiscences of early days, \nwhich are herewith appended : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nPerhaps the common experience of our day would forbid the recurrence of the like in \nsuch common-place things. But then the country was new, towns few and far between ; the \nrailway was coming right through the middle of the town ! No mistake ! Splendid depots, \nmachine-shops, round-houses, etc., would be erected, and the place taken under the especial \npatronage of this new institution. Who wouldn\'t bite? \n\nBut as so much was to be done for Sturgeon, of course she must do something in return, \n"besides that little subscription" for the railway. Well, ten acres of the most sightly and \nvaluable ground in the town would be sufficient to erect these promised improvements on, \n"could she just donate that little" the thing would be "fixed" \xe2\x80\x94 Certainly, take the land; \nfive thousand dollars is nothing in return for such promised blessings. \n\nAnd now everybody stands with arms akimbo, with fiery eyelids, dilate^ nostrils and \nheaving bosoms, in breathless expectation of the coming events. Everj\'body talked Stur- \ngeon, talked depot, talked machine shops and round-house ; the news spread like thin batter, \nand it stuck; the place was overrun with people, and still others came in haste, fearing to \nbe late. Tomkin\'s house couldn\'t accommodate the half. Harrison Hulett set up the City \nHotel \xe2\x80\x94 "no go," more room. The Planters\', on the south side, two-story, staked and ridered, \nwas run up by a joint stock company. The railway had now come, sure enough ; had \nplanted a turn-table on the west side. What next? All are on tip-toe. .The "Railroad \nExchange" \xe2\x80\x94 what of that? Oh, that was an institution that lent a pious hand in the ad- \nministration of spirituous consolation. But what about the machine shops, etc. ? Well, \nthereby hangs a tale \xe2\x80\x94 I am a little tender on that subject. \n\nThe depot \xe2\x80\x94 yes, that came one night, when all slept. There it stands, a thing of beauty, \na joy for ever so long a time. See its stately columns, arches, towers and minarets, its roof \nslanting both ways at once. Step inside, ye gods ! This elegant retreat on the left is the \nladies\' private parlor; on the right, the grand saloon; in the west wing under the main \ntower, on the avenue lane with hewn ties, is the company\'s office: comfortable, of course it \nis. Why, one is rather pleased than otherwise. If night trains are a little late you can \nmake yourself at home ; and then, to think, all this luxury in exchange for that little strip \nbare and bleak over the way. Bad luck to it! "Why, I thought that was for machine \nshops! " So it was \xe2\x80\x94 but \xe2\x80\x94 well, they are not built yet. But isn\'t there a beautiful mon- \nument over there to the memory of blasted hopes? No. That you will find in the new \ncemetery grounds, west, but the road thither is difficult. But why do they vacate the burial \ngrounds in the west corner? Oh, that was to compensate for the strip on the south side, and \nthen nobody thought of dying of a sudden ; the doctors were mostly young men ; Lockridge \nand Dow were on their first legs, and if they couldn\'t cure were considerate enough to pro- \nlong life at least to the extent of the purse ! \n\nHow about the business centers of the town in those days? Some changes have been \nmade. Yes, formerly the bulk of the trade was done on the street fronting the railroad ; \nthe iJearfe?" block was the center of exchange \xe2\x80\x94 contained the post-office, had stores, drug \nhouses, and other institutions where spirituous consolation and medical purposes were ad- \nministered with happy results. In it also flourished the political schools, from which were \ngraduated our present town politicians ; but its greatness has departed, leaving this once \nbusy mart to be inhabited by bats, an unhappy editor, a few indignant lawyers and a broom \nfactory. \n\n\n\n566 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSTURGEON IN WAR TIMES. \n\nWhen the civil war broke out the people of Sturgeon, for the most \npart, sympathized with the Soutliern or Confederate side. The town \nwas early occupied by the Federals, and held by them as a military \npost during the greater part of the war. It was regarded by them as \na place of considerable importance, as indeed it was. By reason of \nits military occupation the citizens were greatly inconvenienced, to use \na mild term. \n\nThe first company of Federal soldiers in town was a battalion of \nthe Third Iowa Infantry, Col. Williams commanding. These soldiers \ncame in July, 1861, but did not stay long, remaining only a few hours. \nThe second body of troops that came was the Fourteenth Illinois In- \nfantry, Col. John M. Palmer,^ This regiment was stationed here for \na short time, and was succeeded by a company of Merrill\'s Horse, \nSecond Missouri Cavalry. Then came a company of militia from \nBoonville, followed by another company of Krekel\'s militia from St. \nCharles. In December, 1861, came Col. Birge\'s Western Sharpshoot- \ners, who, in connection with Col. Glover\'s Third Missouri Cavalry, \nfought Col. Dorsey\'s Confederates at Mt. Zion church, December 28. \nThen followed a battalion of Iowa volunteers, the number of the regi- \nment not being remembered. \n\nFrom Sturgeon, Gen. Prentiss, at the head of a battalion of Birge\'s \nSharpshooters, and of Col. J. M. Glover\'s Third Missouri Cavalry, set \nout to attack Dorsey\'s troops at Mt. Zion, as before narrated. While \nBirge\'s men occupied the place some of them, who were printers, took \ncharge of the JSfews office and issued a number of the paper gotten up \nby and to please themselves. This paper gave an alleged truthful ac- \ncount of the Mt. Zion fight, of a skirmish over on Young\'s creek, in \nMonroe county, etc., and indulged in much boasting of the prowess \nof the boys in blue and a corresponding depreciation of the valor of \nthe Confederates. \n\nFrom Sturgeon also set out, in September, 1864, the ill-fated expe- \ndition to Rocheport, in charge of Capt. J. W. McFadden, Company \nF, Third Missouri State Militia, which was set upon by George Todd \nand John Thrailkill with their guerillas, in Gosline\'s Lane, in Perche \ntownship. An account of this affair is to be found elsewhere in these \npages. \n\nHere also was the city of refuge for the few men of Major John- \n\n\n\n1 Afterward Major-General of U. S. Volunteers, and G-overnor of Illinois in 1870-72. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 567 \n\nson\'s command, who escaped from the battle, or massacre, of Cen- \ntralia. Draper\'s and Schaeffer\'s commands were here and in the \nvicinity at the time, Draper coming down from Macon the next day. \nIt would be a hard task, and not a profitable one, to detail all of the \nmilitary movements in and about Sturgeon during the war. No great \nglory was won by either side, however, and the least said, perhaps, \nthe better. \n\nSturgeon sent her quota of men into the Confederate army, and \nsome of them were as gallant soldiers as the most knightly in either \narmy, and as brave as the best. \n\nFIRES IN STURGEON. \n\nSince the founding of the place it has been remarkably free from \nfires. Several small buildings have been burned, but no conflagration \nof serious character occurred until the summer of 1882. The follow- \ning is said to be a list of all the fires in the place : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nIn June, 1861, the residence of Hugh Melvin, situated near the \npresent residence of Jfimes Couners, was burned to the ground. \n\nIn the spring of 1862 the residence of John F. Moore, located be- \ntween the present residence of W. T. Old and T. D. Moss, was \nburned by the soldiers. \n\nIn November, 1863, the block of buildings, four in number, about \nwhere the broom factory stands, was burned. Loss considerable. \n\nNext was the residence of Dr. Pollard, dentist, located near where \nMaria Anderson lives ; burned by the soldiers about 1864. \n\nSome time in 1864 a house on the corner where Robinson\'s store \nnow stands, was burned. It belonged to Dr. Dinwiddle\'s estate and \nwas occupied by A. H. Nise. \n\nIn 1865 the town calaboose was burned by a lot of soldiers who had \nbeen put in it the day before for some mutinous conduct. \n\nAbout 1875 the colored Methodist Church, near Russ Schooling\'s, \nwas destroyed by fire. \n\nJuly 19, 1882, the most serious conflagration occurred in Sturgeon. \nAt 9 o\'clock p. M. of that day, the fire broke out in Wood\'s saloon \nbuilding and was bursting through the roof when discovered. The \nfollowing were the principal losers and their losses : C. B. Branham\'s \nbutcher shop ; loss, $300. B. C. Barnes, saloon ; loss, $150 ; build- \ning belonging to James Palmer, $500. Daniel & Canada\'s billiard \nhall and saloon, loss on fixtures, $200; on building, $1,250. John \nButler, two unoccupied buildings, $1,200. Woods\'s saloon, loss \n\n\n\n568 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMontrief & Prather lost three large livery stable buildings, sheds, \nFairbanks scales, etc., amounting in all to a loss of $2,500. The \ntwo-story frame building occupied by the Sturgeon Savings Bank was \nsaved by covering the roof with carpet and sprinkling heavily with \nsalt. \n\nSeveral incipient fires have occurred, but no great damage was done. \nIt is also a remarkable fact that there has never been a dollar of in- \nsurance on any of the property burned in this place. \n\nSTURGEONITES IN "NIGGER WOOL SWAMP." \n\nIn November, 1880, a party of Sturgeonites, Major John F. Rucker, \nJ. M. Proctor, T. S. Carter, W. T. Old, F. W. Middleton, and J. A. \nTurner, went down into that portion of the territory of the State of \nArkansas known by the euphonious title of the Nigger Wool Swamp. ^ \nSome of the party had visited the localit}^ during the civil war, and \nknew that it abounded in game and fish. The swamp is almost inac- \ncessible and impenetrable. After going into camp Rucker, Middleton \nand Old started out for a hunt. They found some deer tracks a few \nmiles from camp. Mr. Old took one direction, and Major Rucker and \nMiddleton another. Mr. Old soon discovered that he was lost, but, \nhappening to hear in the distance the rumble of a train of cars a mile \nor so away, he succeeded in making his way to the railroad track, and \nthen to the camp in safety. \n\nRucker and Middleton were not so fortunate. After rambling about \nfor a time they too became bewildered and lost. They were not much \nalarmed or disconcerted, however, as they had good guns, plenty of \nammunition, and a first-rate compass. The latter article proved of \nbut little use, as they were unable to travel but a short distance in any \none direction, owing to the numerous sloughs and lakes. The weather \nwas quite cold and there was snow on the ground. The situation of \nthe hunters was not at all comfortable. Night was fast approaching, \nand they had but feeble hopes of extricating themselves before the next \nday. They had but three matches and two of these were burned in \norder to locate their direction of travel. The other match was saved \nto kindle a fire in case they were compelled to camp out. \n\nAt length, worn out and weary, without food and drenched to the \nwaist by wading through mud and water, they decided to camp for the \nnight, and hope for the best in the morning. Extraordinary prepara- \n\n\n\nOn Black River, in Clay County. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 569 \n\ntions were made to insure the safe ignition of the solitary match on \nwhich they were dependent for warmth and comfort, and their efforts \nwere successful. The greatest precautions were taken to have the \nwood take fire, and these were also crowned with success. A bright, \nhot fire was soon burning, by which the belated hunters were trying \nto make themselves somewhat comfortable. Mr. Middleton succeeded \nin removing his boots, but Maj. Rucker\'s feet were so badly swollen \nthat his boots could not be taken off. Tlie night was passed in a \nmanner that may be imagined, but that is difficult to be described. \nAll the time their comrades in camp were shouting, firing guns, build- \ning bright fires, and trying many other devices to attract their attention \nand guide them to safety, but their signals were unheard and unob- \nserved. \n\nSometime in the forenoon of the next day Rucker and Middleton, \ntired out, hungry, and in a most wretched plight every way, made \ntheir appearance in camp. Their companions, though almost over- \njoyed at their safety, were inclined to rally and " chaff" them over \ntheir mishap and ill luck, but Maj. Rucker levelled his gun and warned \nthe party that the matter was too serious to be joked about, and that \nhe was in no mood to be trifled with. It is said that neither of the \nparties has since shown any very fervent desire to chase the wild deer \nor track him to his lair within the delectable precincts of Nigger Wool \nSwamp. \n\nKILLING or BENJAMIN CROS WHITE. \n\nAbout the 1st of February, 1866, Beverly F. Daniel killed Benja- \nmin Croswhite, Clerk of the Sturgeon Court of Common Pleas and \nclerk in the dry goods store of Daniel Mayer, and a very estimable \nyoung man. Mr. Croswhite was shot in the left temple with a pistol, \nthe ball passing through the head, inflicting a wound of which he died \nin a few minutes. Daniel was at once arrested by S. F. Cross, deputy \nsheriff, and was tried before J. B. Jarman, justice of the peace, and \ncommitted to jail on a charge of murder in the first degree. He died \nin the Columbia jail while awaiting trial. There was a rumor at one \ntime that he did not die, but was spirited away, and the report of his \ndeath circulated to cover his escape. There was no truth in the latter \nreport. \n\nINDUSTRIES, INSTITUTIONS, ASSOCIATIONS, ETC. STURGEON MILLS. \n\nThe " Sturgeon Mills," F. M. Truby, proprietor, were built ten or \ntwelve years since by Frank Suttles. The mills manufacture flour \n\n\n\n570 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand feed. They cover an area of 60x30 feet. They have recently \nbeen fitted up with all of the latest improvements in mill machinery ; \nmake the " new process " jfiour and have a liberal patronage. Their \ncapacity is about twenty-five barrels of flour a day. \n\nTHE MIDDLETON & TAYLOR MILLS. \n\nThese mills are among the best in the country. Recently there has \nbeen added to the machinery a new lot, costing about $3,000. A new \nengine of 30-horse power has been put in. There has also been a \nconsiderable addition to the area and capacity of the mill made \nrecently. The mill power has four run of burrs. It makes the best \ngrades of flour, including the variety known as the " new process." \nMr. F. W. Middleton had sole charge of the mill until in the spring \nof 1882, when Mr. C. H. Taylor was taken in as partner. Messrs. \nMiddleton & Taylor have in connection with this mill a valuable hay \npress, costing $6,000, which has a baling capacity of five tons a day. \n\nSTUEGEON SAVINGS BANK. \n\nThe Sturgeon Savings Bank (now a private bank) was organized\' \nSeptember 25, 1879, with a capital of $10,000. The president is B. \nP. Eitchie ; cashier, D. Mayer ; directors, C. F. Sanies, W. H. and \nJ. S. Ritchie. B. F. Tucker is also a stockholder. \n\nTHE STURGEON BANK. \n\nThis bank was first organized in the spring of 1877, by Wooldridge \n& Carr. It was converted into a stock bank in the fall of 1878, with \nB. P. Ritchie, president, and F. E. Carr, cashier. The present offi- \ncers are M. H. Harris, president ; Dr. J. F. Keith, vice-president ; S. \nW. Turner, cashier ; directors, J. M. Seymour, A. D. Spratt, Dr. J. \nF. Keith, John F. Rucker, John Hazelrigg, M. H. Harris, S. W. \nTurner. A general banking business is done, to the satisfaction of a \nliberal number of patrons. The paid uj) capital stock of the bank is \n$20,000. \n\nSTURGEON GUN CLUB. \n\nIn the spring of 1879, Messrs. F. W. Middleton, J. A. Turner, W. \nR. Harris, R. H. Edmonds and J. F. Keith organized the Sturgeon \nGun Club. Edmonds was chosen president, and Keith secretary and \ntreasurer. The club has shot at Sturgeon, Moberly, and other \npoints, and made a fair record. One member has died since the \norganization. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 571 \n\nBROOM FACTORY. \n\nThe broom factory of S. A. Fretwell is quite an institution of its \nkind. It was established in 1878. It has a capacity for turning out \nthirty dozen of well-made brooms in a day. . Brooms and brushes \nboth are manufactured, the latter made of jute, which is imported for \nthe purpose. Mr. Fretwell sells his wares in Columbia, Fulton, Mex- \nico, and along the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Kailway as far north \nas Ottumwa, Iowa. He also supplies the railway with brooms aiid \nbrushes. The broom-corn nsed is mostly grown in Boone, Callaway, \nand Audrain counties. This section of Missouri is well adapted for \nthe cultivation of broom-corn. Mr. Fretwell employs five workmen. \n\nThe shipping of railroad ties is a considerable industry in Stur- \ngeon. The county, south and west, produces great numbers of them, \nand the average shipment is about 1,000 a day, or 300,000 in a year. \nThis has been an active business for fifteen or twenty years last \npast. \n\nMr. J. M. Proctor has one of the largest and best orchards in Cen- \ntral Missouri on his premises in the north part of Sturgeon, just out- \nside of town. The orchard comprises an area of six or seven acres, \nand contains 600 apple trees, 400 peach trees, 150 pears, 50 apricots \nand nectarines, 5,000 straAvberries, besides raspberries, plums, cher- \nries, and other fruits in great abundance. Kawle\'s Janet is considered \nthe best apple for all purposes, being especially the most reliable \nbearer ; Ben Davis and the Northern Spy come next. The Ben Davis \nis the most valuable for shipping. St. Louis is the best apple market \nfor this section of Missouri. Mr. Proctor has also a fine fish pond, \nan acre and a half in extent, stocked with the best varieties of fish, \nsuch as perch, land-locked and California salmon, buffalo and cat. \nThe pond furnishes Mr. Proctor with all of the best quality of fish \nfood that he desires. It was made in 1876, and cost about $1,000. \nIt also furnishes about 100 tons of ice per year, besides abundant \nwater for stock. \n\nMaj. John F. Rucker is about to undertake the erection of a town \nhall, 50x60 feet in size, which will be a much appreciated institution \nwhen completed, according to the specifications made. \n\nCOURT OF COMMON PLEAS. \n\nBy an act of the Legislature, approved January 10, 1860, a Court \nof Common Pleas was created to be held at Sturgeon. The first term \n\n\n\n572 HISTORY or boone county. \n\nconvened July 16, 1860. Hon. Wm. A. Hall was the judge ; J. T. \nBurnam, clerk ; Jno. R. Jacks, marshal. The first proceeding of \nany sort was the naturalization of Louis Burkeye as a citizen of the \nUnited States, with all of the high honors and privileges thereunto \nbelonging. The first civil action was on a promissory note \xe2\x80\x94 "Polly \nA. Fountain, plaintiff, v. Housen Canada, James D. Patton and Arch- \nibald H. Wayne, \'^defendants." \n\nThe jurisdiction of this court extends over portions of Boone, \nAudrain, Howard and Randolph, and is of great advantage to the \npeople within its precincts. Its sessions are from two days to a week \nin length. The present officers are: Judge, Geo. H. Burckhartt ; \nclerk, T. S. Carter; marshal, F. M. Chaney. \n\nOFFICIAL HISTORY. \n\nThe town"\'of Sturgeon was first incorporated in the year 1859, with \nHousen Canada as the first mayor. The charter was amended in 1875, \nand under this the town is now running. \n\nThe mayors have been Housen Canada, Napoleon B. Burks, \n\nDyson, W. W.fStone, H. L. Gray, J. P. Merry, John F. Fisher, \nJohn Butler, M. M. Jessee, G. W. Merry, C. B. Branham, J. W. \nMontrief. The present officers are: Mayor, W. J. Montrief; mar- \nshal, J. H. Barnette ; treasurer, T. J. Croswhite ; clerk, J. V. \nKemper; council, M. H. Harris, W. H.Welch, J. T. Jackson, R. H. \nEdmonds, J. A. Turner, C. H. Taylor. \n\nTHE CHURCHES OF STURGEON. \n\nThe first religious services in Sturgeon were conducted by Rev. \nJames Barnes, a Baptist, who preached under an elm tree, down near- \nthe branch, in the eastern part of town. "Uncle Jimmy" was a \nvery popular minister in his pioneer ministrations. His biography is \nto be found elsewhere. There are those who deny that Rev. Barnes \nwas the first minister in Sturgeon that held services. They assert \nthat a Catholic priest from St. Louis was here while the railroad was \nbuildinsf, and held mass in one of the railroad houses. \n\nNot long after the town was started, a lady preacher came along \nand held forth on two or three occasions. Some people did not en- \njoy the-spectacle of a lady in the pulpit, holding that a woman was \nforbidden to speak in public, etc. One night the lady challenged \nany one to deny her right to preach and teach, and expressed an \nanxiety to discuss the matter publicly. Rev. Butts was in the con- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 573 \n\ngregation, but did not seem disposed to pick up the glove so defiantly \nthrown down. He was urged to reply, but refused. Then the boys \nthrew buckshot at him, peppering him on all sides, and at last forced \nhim to his feet. He made a speech in opposition to the claims of the \nlady, and denied her right to preach. He was especially severe on \nthe doctrine of " woman\'s rights " in general. The lady, in a short \nbut cutting reply, rather discomfited the reverend gentleman. Her \nopening sentence was : "Mr. Butts is hutting against the wrong indi- \nvidual this time ! " \n\nDuring the war, services were practically suspended in the place. \nThe Christian church was occupied by the Federals for a time as a \nfortification. The house was occupied as barracks by the soldiers and \na heavy earthwork was thrown up around in case it should be at- \ntacked. Traces of the old ditches and embankment are still to be \nseen. \n\nM. E. CHURCH SOUTH. \n\nThe congregation of this church was first organized in old Buena \nVista, or Bourbonton, as far back as in 1851. Upon the laying out of \nSturgeon the organization was removed to the latter place in 1857. \nSome of the original members of the church were Nicholas S. Woods \nand his wife, Leantha Woods ; John Baker and his wife, Nancy Baker ; \nFranklin Green and his wife, Elizabeth Green; John Dusky and wife, \nand Joseph Keene. The church building was erected in 1859 ; it is a \nframe and cost about $2,000. It is still standing, its location being on \nlots 6 and 7, block 37. It was dedicated in April, 1860, by Rev. W. \nG. Miller. The pastors have been Revs. David Fisher, Wesley Hat- \nton, Wm. Saxton, P. M. Pinkard, S. P. Cope, Faubion, \n\nEads, Joseph H. Pritchett, James Smith, George Sexton, John Tay- \nlor, Wm. M. W(X)d, G. W. Rich, T. De Moss, Wm. M. Wood, John \nShores, D. H. Root, and Robt. White. \n\nCHURCH OF CHRIST. \n\nThis church stands on lots 13 and 14 of block 51, and is a neat and \ncommodious frame building. It was begun in 1859 and completed in \n1860. The congregation was first organized in 1858, by Elders P. \nDibble, and F. M. Allen, and re-organized by Clayton Keith Septem- \nber 24, 1866. The original members were John Foreman, wife \nand son, William ; John R. Jacks and wife ; William Hargis and wife, \nand others. The pastors that have served this church are the follow- \ning ; J. M. Berry, S. P. HoUis, Gill, G. A. Perkins, M. M. \n\n\n\n574 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDavis, J. H. Hardin, and O. A. Carr. The present membership \nis reported as ninety-nine. \n\nCATHOLIC CHURCH. \n\nThis church is situated in Rochford\'s addition to Sturgeon. The \nchurch organization was first founded in the year 1866. The original \nmembers were Michael Moynihan, Michael Spellman, Philip Spellmau,. \nDennis Benson, Bryan Nolan, James Connors, Chas. Lanham, John \nMoynihan, Wm. Moynihan, and Duncan McDonald. The church \nbuilding was erected in 1868. It is a frame and cost about $3,000. \nIt has not yet been dedicated. The pastors in charge of the church \nhave been Fathers O\'Neal, McCabe, McKinney, Stack, and Dempsey. \nFather Twohey, the curate, from Moberly, now celebrates mass. The \npresent number of members is about 35. \n\nCIVIC SOCIETIES MASONIC LODGE. \n\nSturgeon Lodge, No. 174, A. F. and A. M., was instituted by Hen- \nderson Davis, the first master. The dispensation was issued in 1855. \nThe charter bears date May, 1857. The charter members were Hen- \nderson Davis, W. W. Stone, Wharton Schooler, Dr. W. H. Callaway, \nDaniel Mayer, James D. Patton, Housen Canada, and others. The first \nofficers were Henderson Davis, W. M. ; James D. Patton, treasurer; \nWharton Schooler, secretar}^ (Other officers\' names not furnished.) \nThe present officers are : Master, S. W. Turner ; senior warden, \nJohn Loux ; junior warden, Anthony Wayne ; treasurer, John P. \nRucker ; secretary, S. F. Cross ; senior deacon, F. E. Bruton ; \njunior deacon, J. W. Pickett. The present membership is 62. The \nlodge meets in a frame hall that was built in the year 1859, at a cost \nof about $1,600, The Hallsville and Centralia lodges were formed \nmostly of members from Sturgeon lodge ; and some members were \nfurnished- to constitute Harrisburg and Morality lodges. \n\nUNITED WORKMEN \n\nSturgeon lodge No. 174, A. O. U. W., was instituted by D. G. \nM. W. Bonney. Its charter and dispensation are dated Au- \ngust 13th, 1878. The charter members were T. S. Carter, M. H. \nHarris, W. H. Goin, A. J. Wren, S. W. Turner, R. H. Edmonds, S. \nF. Cross, J. S. Powers, Geo. L. Mitchell, J. T. Jackson, Geo. W. Bat- \nterton, W. W. Lyon, J. M. McComas, R. P. Hopkins, Wm. Prowell, \nGeo. W. Hubbard, C. D. Croswhite, L. W. White, R. D. Rucker, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 575 \n\nJ. F. Kucker, J. M. Hawkins, S. O. Titus, F. W. Middleton, S. W. \nShryock, J. A. Turner, P. M. Hutton, T. A. Cassity. The first of- \nficers were : S. W. Turner, P. M. W. ; G. W. Batterton, M. W. ; T. \nS. Carter, G. F. ; E. H. Edwards, O. ; A. J. Wren, F. ; F. W. \nMiddleton, G. ; J. M. Hawkins, J. W. ; J. T. Jackson, O. W. ; S. O. \nTitus, R. ; S. W. Sliryock, receiver. The present officers are: S. \nW. Turner, P. M. W. ; T. S. Carter, M. W. ; W. H. Goin, G. F. ; \nG W. Batterton, O. ; S. T. Davis, R. ; John Stolts, receiver; S. F. \nCross, financier; E. S. Hawkins, J. W. ; T. G. Sims, O. W. ; M. \nT. Wade, G. The present membership is sixty- six. During this \nterm the lodge has lost only one member, James H. McBride, who \ndied January 17, 1881. The loss was promptly paid. One member \nwas suspended and in about two weeks thereafter committed suicide. \nDuring the year 1881, fifteen new members were admitted to mem- \nbership. The lodge is in good financial condition and thoroughly \nprosperous. \n\nKNIGHTS OF HONOR. \n\nSturgeon lodge No. 2134, was instituted by Grand Reporter Peter \nKefler. The dispensation was issued April 3d, 1880. The first mem- \nbers were: S. W. Turner, J. T Jackson, T. M. Smith, Dr. J. F. \nKeith, John Hazelrigg, P. M. Hutton, S. M. Smith, M. M. Clark, J. \nH. Winscott, D. Miller, John J. Canada, John W. Owens, J. H. \nBarnett, Y. E. Riggs. The first officers were: John Hazelrigg, dic- \ntator; M. M. Clark, vice dictator; P. M. Hutton, assistant dictator; \nS. W. Turner, past dictator; J. W. Owens reporter; J. H. Win- \nscott, financial reporter; J. T. Jackson, treasurer; J. F. Keith, \nmedical examiner ; D, Miller, guide. The present officers are : J. T. \nJackson, dictator : J. H. Barnett, vice dictator : Ed. Jarman, assistant \ndictator; John Owens, reporter; W. H. Winscott, financial reporter; \nJohn Stolts treasurer ; Frank Bruton, guide ; P. M. Hutton, chaplain ; \nC. H. Prather, guardian; F. M. Truby, sentinel ; J. F. Keith, med- \nical examiner. The present membership is forty-two. The hall in \nwhich the lodge meets is rented. This lodge has l^ad no deaths since \nits organization. The Order of Knights of Honor was instituted in the \nUnited States, June 30, 1874. Total number of members June 30, \n1881, 112,155; assessments during the same period, 91. Losses \npaid, $5,395,093.65. Total number of members in the State of \nMissouri, December 31, 1881, 5,441. Total cash on hand and in- \nvested for the State, $23,617.31. Total deaths in Missouri to \nDecember 31, 1881, 122, one-half of these were half rate . Altogether \n\n\n\n576 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY* \n\nthe beneficiaries received $243,000. The report of the Grand Lodge \nis highly satisfactory, considering that the order passed through the \nyellow fever period, during which its losses were excessive. \n\nTHE STURGEON\' SCHOOLS. \n\nAs previously stated, the first school house in Sturgeon was built in \n1857. The pine lumber of which the house was built was brought from \nHannibal ; the oak was procured at home. At first the house had but \ntwo rooms, one above the other. Considerable additions have been \nmade to it since, however. The house was built expressly for school pur- \nposes, but it was afterward sold to the Catholic church, and still later \nrepurchased for $1,000. The town trustees had promised a school \nhouse free gratis to the people, but failed to fulfill that promise, as it \nis said they did certain others. \n\nA Mr. Dewey was the first school teacher in Sturgeon. He had a \ngood school and received about $100 per month. \n\nProf. S. T. Davis is the present principal of the Sturgeon school. \nIn the last term, ending in March, S. O. Titus was first assistant till \nChristmas and after him was J. A. Hatchett. The other teachers \nwere Miss D. Annie Allison and Miss Rena M. Redmond. The \ntown has about six months\' public school and three months\' private \nschool, two teachers being eno-ag-ed in the latter. The following; is an \nabstract of the report for the term ending March 17, 1882 : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nNumber of pupils enrolled \xe2\x80\x94 White, males, 124; females, 104; \ntotal, 228. Average daily attendance, 149. \n\nColored School \xe2\x80\x94 Males, 29 ; females, 44 ; total, 73. Average \ndaily attendance, 38. \n\nTotal enrollment in both schools, 3011 Average daily attendance \nin both 187. Increase in enrollment oyer last year, 32 : increase in \nattendance 30. \n\nThe present school officials are Joseph Seymour, president ; T. S. \nCarter, clerk; Silas Fretwell, treasurer; D. Maj\'^er, F. M. Chaney, \nand L. Sweeney, trustees. \n\nSTURGEON CEMETERY. \n\nThe original town cemetery was deeded to the public by the town \ncompany, in 1857. It contained about five acres. Its location \nwas inside of the corporate limits. No one was ever buried in this \ncemetery. It was soon sold and another purchased a half-mile west \nof the town. This, the present cemetery, contains about six acres. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 577 \n\nThe first burial therein was that of John B. Smith, Esq., one of the \noriginal proprietors of the town. It is asserted that Mr. Smith was \nthe first citizen of the place that died ; but those who perhaps know \nbest deny this, and say that Miss Hukle, before mentioned, died before \nMr. Smith. Besides their own cemetery the citizens of Sturgeon use \nPisgah graveyard, across the line, in Audrain, and Mt. Horeb, a mile \nor so south of town, as burying grounds. \n\nTHE STURGEON " LEADER." \n\nThere had been several papers started at Sturgeon previous to the \nadvent of the Leader in 1869. John W. Jacks, a practical printer, \nwas the founder. It was not a success, financially, under his manage- \nment, and at last suspended in 1872. In 1873, its present proprietor, \nT. S. Carter, purchased the office, and in May, 1873, issued the first \nnumber of the paper under the new management. The paper is a six- \ncolumn folio. It has a good circulation in Boone, Audrain, Randolph, \nMonroe and Howard counties. It is Democratic in politics, but liberal \nin sentiment. It is a live, earnest, reliable local paper, giving all the \nnews within the range of its circulation, at the exclusion if necessary \nof foreign matter. This feature of the Leader has given it a wide cir- \nculation, and made the paper an indispensable visitor in almost every \nhousehold for miles around. The Leader, in Mr. Carter\'s hands, \nhas not only given satisfaction to its patrons, but has proved a pay- \ning enterprise to its publisher. \n\n\n\nBIOGRAPHIES.i \nJ. H. ALEXANDER. \n\nJ. H. Alexander, farmer, was born in Mercer County, Kentucky, \nDecember 2d, 1815. His father, Joshua Alexander, was a native of \nGeorgia, removing first to Kentucky, and thence to Missouri, in \n1818, settling in Perche township, about eight miles south of where \nJ. H. Alexander now resides. He died Jan. 27th, 1867. Mrs. Alex- \nander, nee Rowland, was a native of Kentucky. She died January" \n13th, 1842. The subject of this sketch came to Missouri with his \nparents in 1818, and has lived in Boone county ever since. He \nwas raised on a farm, and has followed agricultural pursuits all his \n\n\n\n1 Arranged alphabetically. \n\n37 \' \n\n\n\n578 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlite. He moyed to his present home February Ist, 1839, Was mar- \nried April 8th, 1838, to Miss Emeline, daughter of Armstead and \nSarah (Wade) Carter, They have seven children living and three \ndead. The living are: Joslina C, James T., George W,, Elizabeth \nJ., wife of C, G, King; Martha E., married to Mr. Gopher; Mary \nAlice and Emeline, Mrs. Alexander died January 14th, 1870. Mr, \nAlexander has been a member of the old school Baptist Church for \nfortv-five years. He is of Irish origin. He is a good citizen, a kind \nneighbor and a worthy man in every sense of the term. \n\nJ, B. ALLISON, \n\nJ. B. Allison, farmer, near Sturgeon, is the son of Alexander and\' \nJemima {^nee Crawford) Allison. His mother was the daughter of \nJames Crawford, one of the first settlers of Boone county. His \nfather came to Boone count}\'^ in 181/), and settled about six miles \nnorth of Columbia. He helped to make the first wagon road ever \nopened in Boone county. It was called the Boone\'s Lick road. The \nelder Allison died October 13th, 1861. The subject of this sketch \nwas born six miles north of Columbia, September 7, 1828. When \nabout five years old his father moved over on Salt River, He lost \nhis mother when eight years old. The children were then scattered, \nno two of them growing up in the same place. The first money ever \nearned by J. B. Allison was spent in educating a sister. The family \nwere brought up under very unfortunate circumstances. The subject \nof this sketch was apprenticed out at the tauner\'s trade, which he fol- \nlowed until he was twenty-one years old. From twenty-one to twenty- \ntwo, he taught school. He was principally raised in the vicinity of \nFlorida, Monroe county, Missouri. Was married, November 14th, \n1850, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Benjamin and Martha Woodson, \nand a niece of Warren Woodson, who was clerk of the Boone county \ncourt for forty years. They have eight children living : George W. and \nBenjamin A., attorneys, at McPherson, Kansas; Annie and Belle, \nteachers in the public schools; John S., Emma J., William Mosley \nand Mary H. Mr. and Mrs, Allison are both members of the Meth- \nodist church, Mr, Allison is a self-educated man. After marrying \nhe engaged for several years in selling lightning rods and chain pumps. \nHe afterwards followed farming. He was marshal of the common \npleas court at Sturgeon for eight years. He was the Republican nom- \ninee for the legislature in 1866 against Major James S. Rollins. Mr.. \nAllison was an unconditional Union man during the late war. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 579 \n\nGEORGE W. BATTERTON, \n\nGi-eorge W. Batterton, Democratic nominee for the legislature, wa& \nborn in Boone County, about seven miles north of Columbia, Decem- \nber 9, 1837, and grew to manhood on his father\'s farm. His grand- \nfather, Moses Batterton, emigrated from Kentucky to Missouri about \nthe year 1820, and settled on Callaham\'s creek, about seven miles \nwest of Columbia. His father, Lemuel B. Batterton, was born in \n1801, and learned the cabinet-maker\'s trade in Kentucky. He came \nwith his father to Boone County in 1820. About four years after his \nmiarriage he bought the place where George W. was born, upon which \nhe lived and died, his death occurring in 1869. He married Mary \nLynch, a native of Kentucky. Her ancestors came from near Lynch- \nburg, Virginia, which city was named after a member of her family. \n\nMr. and Mrs. Batterton raised eight sons and two daughters to man- \nes o \n\nhood and womanhood. The subject of this sketch left home when \nabout eighteen years of age and ^abored for wages which he spent in \neducating himself. When about twenty j^ears of age he commenced \nteaching in the public schools and continued in this business, with \nslight intervals, for about six years. Was a soldier in the Confederate \narmy for about nine months. Belonged to McKinney\'s company, \nknown as the " Blackfoot Kangers." Was in the battle of Wilson \nCreek, Lexington, and Drywood. Went to Nebraska In 1864 where \nhe worked on a farm and taught school until the close of the war. \nCame back in 1866 and went to farming in Audrain county. After \nraising one crop he removed to the Two-mile Prairie, in Boone coun- \nty, where he farmed, taught school and bought and shipped stock un- \ntil 1870. He then removed to Vernon county, Missouri, where \nhe farmed for eighteen months. Sold his farm in 1872 and removed to \nMontana where he followed mining until 1876, when he returned to \nAudrain county and resumed farming which he has followed ever \nsince. His farm is situated one-half mile from Sturgeon in Audrain \ncounty. Was elected a justice of the peace in 1878 and has held the \noffice ever since. He is an earnest, conscientious Democrat, having \nnever voted any other ticket. His first vote was for John C. Breck- \nenridge for president. Mr. Batterton was first married in 1863 to \nSophia E., daughter of Robert and Sophia (Barnes) Gillaspie. First \nwife died January 26, 1872. There were no children by this mar- \nriage. Was married, April 8, 1873, to Lizzie, daughter of Judge B. \nP. Ritchie. They have three children living and two dead. The liv- \n\n\n\n580 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ning are Annie Sue, James Ritchie and Mary Lula. First wife was a \nmember of tlie Christian church. Mr, Batterton is a member of the \nA. O. U. W. He is of Irish, German and French origin. \n\nFRANK E. BRUTON. \n\nFrank E. Bruton, salesman for Rucker & Turner, Sturgeon, Mo., \nis the son of Dr. F. J, and Nettie B. (Fenwick) Bruton. He was \nborn and raised in Boone county, Missouri. His father and mother \nare natives of Kentucky. Mr. Bruton commenced active business at \nthe early age of fourteen, and has continued without intermission ever \nsince. He is at this writing eno^ao-ed as a salesman in the store of \nMessrs. Rucker & Turner, and has given eminent satisfaction to his \nemployers and won the esteem and confidence of all his patrons. \nHe was married April 19, 1882, to Ida, daughter of Joseph B. \nHarris. He is a member of the Christian church, also of the \nMasonic and Kniohts of Honor lodges . \n\nJOHN BUTLER. \n\nJohn Butler, the subject of this sketch, was born in County Tip- \nperary, Ireland, September 10, 1825. He is the son of John and \nMary Butler. The elder Butler left Ireland when his son was but \ntwo years old, coming first to New York City. The family finally \nsettled near Albany, where Mr. Butler took a contract on the first \nrailroad ever built in the United States. This road connected Albany \nand Schenectady. John Butler owned a hotel on this line, called the \nHalf-way House, where the trains stopped for dinner. He took his \nson with him on the first train of cars that ever passed over the road. \nThe first package of freight ever sent over the\'road was consigned to \nthe elder Butler, who preserved the receipt, signed by John Hamp- \nson, the first engineer on the road. It is dated either in 1831 or \n1832, and was given in acknowledgment of fourteen shillings paid by \nJohn Butler on the package delivered to him from the train on its \nfirst business trip over the road. Mr. Butler, having received the \ncontract for building a turnpike from Troy, New York, to Benning- \nton, Vermont, removed to Oneida county, where he died. Mrs. \nButler is still living in Oneida county, New York. The subject of \nthis sketch remained at home until 1852. In the fall of that year he \nwent to California, where he remained for three years, returning to \nNew York in 1855, and from there he came to Boone county, by way \nof Jefferson City, crossing the country on foot. Mr. Butler was first \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 581 \n\nmarried October 16, 1847, to Miss Jane, daughter of Henry and Jane \nMcGrah, of Hoosick, New York. Had five children by this marriage, \ntwo of whom, William and Annie, are now living. The former mar- \nried Zelo Hawkins, the latter Thornton Stewart. The first wife hav- \ning died in 1862, Mr. Butler was married to his secon^i wife, January \n2, 1875. He is now living with his third wife, whose maiden name \nwas Leticia Hill, daughter of Eli Hill, of Sturgeon. Have had three \nchildren, two of whom are living, Martin and Mary. Mr. Butler is \na mechanic, and as such entered the army in 1862. He is a member \nof the Masonic lodge at Sturgeon. His wife is a member of the \nChristian church. He has done as much, perhaps more, to advance \nthe interest and prosperity of Sturgeon than any other individual of \nthe place. He has built a great many houses, and by this means con- \ntributed largely to the size of the town as well as to the number of \nits inhabitants. He is a man of considerable means, all of which he \nearned by his own labor and prudent management. He has engaged \nin many enterprises, and has prospered in all his undertakings. He \nis a carpenter, and his skill as such has served him to the best advan- \ntage in improving his own lands. He owns, in addition to his \ntown property, about seven hundred acres of land, much of which \nhe has redeemed from a howling wilderness. He started the Stur- \ngeon broom factory, now owned by S. A. Fretwell. He also made \nthe Commercial Hotel a profitable business before selling out to its \npresent proprietor, W. E. Smith. \n\nTHOMAS S. CARTER. \n\nThomas S. Carter, editor and proprietor of the Sturgeon Leader ^ \nwas born in Monroe county, East Tennessee, November 14, 1843. He \nis the son of Lewis and Elizabeth {iiee Parker) Carter. The elder \nCarter was a Methodist minister. The subject of this sketch came to \nMissouri in 1860, and settled in Hickory county. Went south at the \nbreaking out of the war. Came to North Missouri in 1864 and en- \ngaged in farming until 1870, when he removed to Sturo;eon where he \nwas engaged as marshal of the town for two terms. He was also a \nmember of the board of education. In 1874, he was appointed clerk \nof the court of common pleas, which position he has held continuously \never since. He has represented the Democratic party several times \nin State conventions, and was one of the delegates to the Cincinnati \npresidential convention in 1880. Served one session as docket \nclerk of the Thirtieth General Assembly. He was secretary of \n\n\n\n582 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe Missouri Press Association for three years. He was married \nDecember 6, 1876, to Miss Melissa, daughter of John and Nancy \nBaker, a native of Boone county. Tliey have four children livino; : \nLora E., Maud M., Pearl and Boone. Mrs, Carter is a mem- \nber of the Methodist Church South. Mr. Carter was educated at \nHiwassee College, Tennessee. He is of Welsh descent on his father\'s \nside. His mother was a native of Tennessee. He landed in Sturgeon \nwithout a dollar, and has by his own individual exertions and energy \naccumulated a competence as well as an influential position in the \ncommunity where he resides. \n\nSAMUEL F. CROSS. \n\nSamuel F. Cross was born in Nashville, Tennessee, October 11, \n1834. From Nashville he went to Frankfort, Kentucky, and from \nthere to Cincinnati, finally settling in Eush County, Indiana. Was \nmarried October 18, 1855, to Edith P , daughter of Philip and Ann \nNicholas, of Indiana. Had three children by this marriage, all of \nwhom are living. Their names are Benjamin F., Louis H., and \nEdwin P. The first wife dying in 1862, he was married the second \ntime, December 11, 1863, to Susan F., daughter of Robert and Susan \nF. Adams. They had several children by this marriage, all of whom \nare living. Their names are Carrie B., Joel P., Mary E., Sarah, \nGeorge W., Ellen W., and Fleming Pucker. Mrs. Cross died June \n2d, 1880. Mr. Cross came to Sturgeon April 28th, 1857. His first \nbusiness was carpentering. He afterwards engaged in the drug busi- \nness, which he followed for about ten 3\'^ears. He was commissioned a \nnotary public in 1864, and has held the oflEice ever since. He is \nfinancier of the A. O. U. W., and secretary of the Masonic lodge. \nHe was commissioned postmaster at Sturgeon, February 7th, 1862, \nbut had charge of the oflice for a year previous, under John P. Hor- \nner, now of Columbia, Missouri. He held this office for seven years, \nretiring when the present postmaster was appointed. Was elected \nclerk of the Court of Common Pleas in 1864, and held the office for \ntwo years. He is a member ot the M. E. Church South. He is also \na member of the Good Templar, Masonic and United Workmen \nlodges. He has been marshal of the town and member of the board \nof education and city council. He is a Democrat in politics. \n\nJOHN H. CROSWHITE. \n\nJohn H. Croswhite, son of James and Frances (Hughes) Croswhite, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 583 \n\nwas born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, August 11th, 1824. He \ncame to Boone county with his parents in the antunin of 1826, and \nsettled five miles north of Columbia, where they remained for about \nfifteen years. In 1841 they removed to Audrain county, and settled \ntwo and a half miles north of Sturgeon. The elder Croswhite died on \nthis farm. Mrs. Croswhite is still living, at the advanced age of \neighty-six years. The subject of this sketch was raised on the farm, \n4ind has followed that occupation all his life, and with more than usual \nsuccess. He also bought mules for the Southern market, making his \nannual drives for many years in succession. Was married December \n31st, 1851, to Susan L., daughter of Joshua and Jane Lampton, of \nBoone county. Lived for two years near Hallsville ; then moved to \nhis present place of residence, one and a half miles north of Sturgeon. \nHe went to California in 1864, where he staid several years. Was \nalso for a while a resident of Carson City, Nevada. The Croswhites \nwere originally from Albemarle county, Virginia, and are believed to \nbe of Welsh descent. The subject of this sketch owns a nice farm of \n220 acres, forty of which is in timber. Mrs. Croswhite belongs to \nthe Methodist church at Centralia. They have no children. \n\nWILLIAM R. CROSWHITE. \n\nWilliam R. Croswhite was born in Audrain county, near Sturgeon, \nFebruary 27, 1857. He is the son of Robert and Mary {nee Palmer) \nCroswhite. His father was born in Kentucky, but came to Audrain \ncounty in an early day and settled on the farm where he now resides. \nHe is actively engaged in farming and stock raising. William R. was \nraised on the farm and educated at the common schools of the county. \nIn 1881 he attended D. L. Musselman\'s Commercial College, Quincy, \nIllinois, graduating from that institution, August 25, 1881. Return- \ning to Sturgeon, he was engaged as a salesman in the store of Rucker \n& Turner, which position he now holds. He is a polite, affable gen- \ntleman, highly esteemed by all who know him. \n\nISAAC S. CROSWHITE. \n\nIsaac S. Croswhite was born in Audrain county, four miles north \nof Sturgeon, December 12, 1844. He is the son of John R. and Rosa \n(Mosely) Croswhite, formerly of Clark county, Kentucky. The sub- \nject of this sketch was raised in Audrain county where he lived most \nof his life. He was brought up on the farm. Lived a few years in \nCarroUton, Missouri. Was married, July 6, 1869, to Miss Amanda \n\n\n\n584 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nCatherine, daughter of Barnabas Woods, who lived six miles south of \nSturgeon. Have one child, living, Minnie L. Mr. Croswhite took \nno part in the late civil war. He is a member of the Old School \nBaptist Church. Is not a member of any secret order. He is a clev- \ner gentleman, highly esteemed by all vvho know him. \n\nWILLIAM DINWIDDIE. \n\nWilliam Dinwiddle is the son of Samuel and Patsy (McBride) Din- \nwiddle. He was born in Lincoln county, Kentucky, December 18, \n1833. When six years old he came with his parents to Boone county, \nMissouri, and settled four miles east of Columbia, where he continu- \nously resided up to the day of his death, which occurred about the \nclose of the war. The subject of this sketch was brought up on a \nfarm, and has followed that business since attaining his majority. \nHe was married, November 8, 1855, to Sarah Ann, daughter of Cyrus \nand Kittie (Crockett) Lusk, natives of Kentucky. The autumn fol- \nlowing his marriage, he left Boone county, Missouri, previously the \nhome of both himself and wife, and went to Kansas, settling in the \nvicinity of Topeka. Was there when the war broke out between the \nSouthern and Northern settlers over the slavery question. He re- \nturned to Boone County and farmed in the vicinity of Mt. Moriah \nchurch for several years ; then moved to Bourbon township just pre- \nvious to the war, where he has lived ever since. They have seven \nchildren, three sons and four daughters. Their names are Kittie, \nMattie F., Lulie, Emma, William, Alonzo and Edwin. Mr. Dinwid- \ndle is a well-educated man, having had, in addition to a fair common- \nschool education, the benefit .of three years\' study at the State Uni- \nversity. He is a member of the Christian Church. Mrs. Dinwiddle \nis a member of the Baptist Church. He is also a member of the Or- \nder of United Workmen. He has been a school director ever since \nhe came to Bourbon township. He has always voted with the Demo- \ncratic party. He is of Scotch and German origin. \n\nHON. HENRY DUSENBURY, DECEASED. \n\nHon. Henry Dusenbury was born on the banks of the Hudson river. \nNew York, in which State he was reared to manhood, and married to \nMiss M. E. Depew. After his marriage he removed to St. Louis, Mis- \nsouri, where he served as circuit court judge for thirteen years. His \nhealth having failed he removed to a farm near Oakland, St. Louis \ncounty, where he remained for about twelve years. He next moved \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 585 \n\nto a farm near Sturgeon, where he and his wife died a few years after- \nwards. They were both members of the Methodist church. Judge \nDusenbury was also a Mason. He was educated principally at home, \nunder the instructions of a private tutor. He was a Democrat in poli- \ntics and a descendant of one of the old German families of New York. \nHe had nine children in all, six of whom are now living \xe2\x80\x94 three sons \nand three daughters. Their names are Henry, Mary E., married to \nG. W. Henderson, of Columbia, Missouri ; Lulu V. B., married to R. \nD. Rucker ; Fannie, Robert D. and R. M. Robert D. Dusenbury was \nborn at Oakland, St. Louis county, February 10th, 1861, and came \nwith his father to Boone county and lived with him until his death, in \n1873. He was educated at the Missouri State University. After re- \nceiving a diploma from that institution he took a commercial course \nand then studied telegraphy. R. M. Dusenbury is studying medicine \nunder Dr. Lockridge, of Sturgeon. He attended one course of lec- \ntures at the Medical College, St. Louis, in 1881-82, and will graduate \nat the ensuing term of that institution. \n\nRICHARD H. EDMONDS. \n\nRichard H. Edmonds, salesman with Rucker & Turner, Sturgeon, \nMissouri, was born in Fauquier county, Virginia, September 25th, \n1845. He is the son of Thomas and Alice Olivia (nee Beal) Edmonds. \nThough but a boy when the war commenced, he enlisted in Captain \nWilliam H. Payne\'s company, which was a portion of Turner Ashby\'s \nfamous Black Horse Cavalry. His captain was afterwards promoted \nto the position of general. His next captain was Robert Randolph, \nand the third was A. D. Payne. He was in the first battle at Manas- \nsas, also at Seven Pines, and in the famous raid around McClellan\'s \narmy near Richmond. Was in the second battle of Manassas, and at \nSharpsburg and Brandy Station. Was with Gen. Early in his cam- \npaign in the Valley of Virginia, and at Gettysburg. He was in \nStewart\'s second raid around the Federal army in Maryland. Was \nin the battle of Spottsylvania Court House, and at Yellow Tavern, \nwhere Gen. J. E. B. Stuart was killed, also the captain of the com- \npany in which Mr. Edmonds was serving. Was in the battles around \nPetersburg, finally surrendering at Appomattox Court House, in 1865. \nThere were but about twenty-five of his original command left. Mr. \nEdmonds received a terrible wound at Harper\'s Ferry, being shot \nthrough the left breast with a minie ball. He was with Mosby at \nthe time. Mr. Edmonds was the youngest of five brothers, all of \n\n\n\n586 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwhom entered the Confederate army. One of them was killed at \nSeven Pines, and the subject of this sketch, and two otlier brothers, \nwere severely wounded. When the war closed he returned home \nand raised a crop. The next season they sold out, and Mr. Edmonds \nwent into the mercantile business in Alexandria, as a salesman, \nremaining there two years. He then took charge of a store at Linden, \nVirginia, where he remained until he came to Missouri. He came to \nSturgeon in 1869 and engaged in business with Maj. Rucker as sales- \nman. He remained in the store for about two years, when he removed \nto Harrisburg and commenced business for himself in partnership with \na man named Rowland. Their store was destroj^ed by fire and Mr. \nEdmonds removed to Columbia, where he engaged in business with a \nman named Campbell, also with the firm of Wells & Marks. Remained \ntwo years at Columbia and then returned to Sturgeon and resumed \nhis former position in the store of Rucker & Turner, which he still \nholds, being head clerk and manaoer of the establishment. He was \nmarried, February 13th, 1872, to Miss Annie M., daughter of James \nP. and Sallie L. Harris, natives of Bourbon county, Kentucky. They \nhave two children, Hattie May and Ida Lj\'^ell. Mrs. Edmonds is a \nmember of the Methodist Church South. Mr. Edmonds is a member \nof the city council. He is also a member of the Ancient Order \nUnited Workmen. He is a genial, afiable gentleman, possessing \nevery qualification of a first-class business man. \n\nHOWARD EVANS. \n\nHoward Evans, farmer, is the son of Richard and Elizabeth (Nichol- \nson) Evans, natives of Kentucky, who emigrated to Howard county, \nMissouri, about the year 1824, where they remained fifteen years, re- \nmoving to Boone county in 1839. He settled on a farm southwest of \nSturgeon where he lived until his death in the autumn of 1875, aged \nseventy-four years. The subject of this sketch was born in Howard \ncounty, Missouri, April 15, 1825. When fourteen years of age his \nparents removed to Boone county. Except twelve or thirteen years \nspent in California, Mr. Evans has lived in this county ever since. \nWhile in California he followed mining. Since his return from the \nmines he has followed farming. The subject of this sketch was mar- \nried April 27, 1860, to Sarah, daughter of Tandy Robinson, a native \nof Virginia. They have eight children living. Their names are \nMarcus, Lillie Lee, Mary Elizabeth, Vienna, Susan F., Martha E., \nJames H., Albert A. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 587 \n\nW. H. FOUNTAIN. \n\nW. H. Fountain, farmer, of Randolph county, Missouri, is of Eng- \nlish origin, his great-grandfather, on his father\'s side, having been \nexiled from England in 1760, on account of religious disturbances \nwhich prevailed in the old country at that time. His grandfather was \none of the pioneer settlers of Kentucky, and a great hunter, being re- \nmarkabl}^ proficient as a marksman. The father of W. H. was born \nin Clark county, Kentucky, his mother in Bourbon county, of that \nState. The grandfather of Mr. Fountain emigrated to Missouri in \n1815, when his son, the father of W. H., was about seventeen years \nold. They settled on Lick Fork, in section 27, his residence being \nin the northwest quarter. His father was married in this county to \nLucy Ann Angell, March 13th, 1838, Young E. Hicks, a justice of \nthe peace, solemnizing the marital obligation. W. H. Fountain was \nborn February 17th, 1839. He has one brother living. Another \nbrother was drowned in Smoke river, while crossing the plains, July \n17th, 1863. W. H. Fountain moved to Randolph county in 1870. \nHe has two farms, the one upon which he is now living, and another \nin Boone county. Most of his business is in this county, and he \nthinks of returnino; to Boone to live. Mr. Fountain was first \nmarried, February 15th, 1866, to Miss Julia, daughter of Thomas A. \nand Martha Barnes, of Randolph county. She died in 1872, leaving \nthree children, Radford M., Martha A., and Otis. Married second \ntime to Miss Rachel, daughter of Eli and Eliza Lyons, of Boone \ncounty. They have two children, John F. and Eliza Beulah. He \nhas crossed the plains some half-dozen times. He was in company \nwith his brother when the latter lost his life, in 1863. Is a member \nof the Baptist church. He is also a member of the Knights of Honor. \nHe is a Democrat in politics. Mr. Fountain is an enterprising farmer, \nstock raiser and trader. He has shipped as many as 138 car loads of \nstock in one year. So far this season (summer of 1882) he and his \nbrother-in-law, his partner in the business, have shipped over 1,000 \nhead of cattle. They ship from various points. Most of the Fountain \nfamily emigrated to Oregon years ago. The family, on the maternal \nside, is of Irish origin, the grandfather of Mr. Fountain having been \nborn and raised in that country. \n\nS. A. FRETWELL. \n\nS. A. Fretwell, proprietor of the Sturgeon broom factory, was born \nin Boone county, October 9, 1846. He is the son of Joseph and Han- \n\n\n\n588 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nnah (?2ee Riggs) Fretwell. His father is an active, energetic farmer \nand stock raiser. The subject of this sketch was raised on the farm \nand followed agricultural pursuits until he went into the broom busi- \nness at Sturgeon. He has a large establishment and employs only \nskilled labor. The brooms made at this factory are not inferior to \nthe best, and his facilities are equal to that of any manufactory in the \nState outside of St. Louis. Mr. Fretwell was married, March 6, 1867, \nto Mary H., daughter of William and Martha Lampton. They have \none son, William J. Mr. and Mrs. Fretwell are members of the \nChristian church. He is a member of the order of A. O. U. W. He \nis an active, energetic business man, and by industry and prudence is \nbuilding up a prosperous and reliable trade. \n\nWILLIAM H. GOIN. \n\nWilliam H. Goin was born in Boone county, Missouri, January 5, \n1834. He is the son of Archibald and Sophia (Hunter) Goin. The \nsubject of this sketch was reared on a farm. About the year 1869 \nhe commenced merchandising in Sturgeon. He had previously clerked \nin a store when a boy. He was married, January 6, 1856, to Miss \nE. J. Sweeney, daughter of Archibald Sweeney, who was a justice of \nthe peace for Bourbon township for a number of years. They have \nfive children, all living \xe2\x80\x94 Emma, Byron A., Idella, Archie and Au- \nbrey. Mr. Goin is a man of considerable culture. His opportunities, \nwhen young, were poor, but, by hard study and close application, he \nhas in a great measure overcome the disadvantages of early life, and \nwith small thanks to any one but himself, can boast a fair education, \nwhich for all practical purposes is not inferior to that of many of our \ncollege graduates. The acquisition of property, as well as education, \nhas also been by his individual efforts. He has travelled extensively \nin connection with the cattle business, visiting some seventeen States. \nHe is a member of the firm of Goin & Lockridge, which has been in \nexistence since 1870. \n\nGEORGE W. GULIGK. \n\nGeorge W. Gulick, the subject of this sketch, is a native of Loudon \ncounty, Virginia, as were both his parents, William aud Mary (Hix- \nson) Gulick. Both his grandfathers were Virginians and majors in \nthe revolutionary war. His father served in the war of 1812. George \nW. was born April 13, 1830. He grew to manhood in his native \ncounty, and was educated partl}\'^ at the country schools, completing \nhis education at Loudon Agricultural and Chemical Institute. After \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 589 \n\nfinishing a thorough course of studies at this college, he entered at \nonce upon the active duties of life. His proficiency was such that \non quitting Loudon Institute, he was elected an honorary member \nof the Literary Society of Hampden-Sidney College, Virginia. \nHe was married, October 13, 1857, to Miss Mittie E., daughter of \nWilliam J. and Lucinda Carr. She was a native of Loudon \ncounty, Virginia. They have eight children now living : William \nE., Carr, Kate C, Mary L., Walter O., George T., Hattie and \nPearl. Mr. Gulick removed to Boone county, Missouri, in 1857, \nand settled about two miles from where he now lives. Himself \nand wife are members of the Baptist church. He is also an Odd \nFellow and a member of the Order of United Workmen. He served \nas a justice of the peace for Bourbon township for two terms. \nHe is also a member of the Boone county Democratic central com- \nmittee. He is of German origin on his father\'s side. His mother \nwas of Scotch descent. Mr. Gulick is an energetic, well-to-do \ncitizen, and is held in high esteem by all who know him. \n\nMARSHALL H. HARRIS. \n\nThe life of Marshall H. Harris, postmaster and druggist, Sturo-eon, \nMissouri, is one of the very best illustrations of the self-made man. \nHis energy and will-power can hardly be surpassed, and all his efforts \nhave been made in an honorable, manly direction. He is the son of \nOverton G. and Nancy (nee Ellington) Harris. His father was almost \nentirely raised in Boone county, his grandfather, Tyre Harris, havino- \ncome to Boone along with the very first emigrants. He was one of \nthe first representatives in the legislature from Boone county, havino- \nbeen elected for several terms. A more extended review of his ser- \nvices in this capacity may be found elsewhere in this volume. The \nsubject of this sketch attended school in one of the primitive log \ncabins which in the early day were made to answer the purpose of \nschool-houses. After he was grown, however, he attended Lathrop \nAcademy, an excellent high school, for two years. He read medical \nbooks by firelight, substituting, from enforced economy, hickory bark \nfor candles. He graduated in a brown jeans suit made by one of his \nsisters. He was married March 1st, 1855, to Miss Mary J., daughter \nof Dr. A. S. Dinwiddle, of Boone county. They have three children, \nCarrie, Walter and Mattie. Mr. Harris was a member of Company \nF, of General Guitar\'s regiment of M. S. M., enlisted in March, \n1862, and was mustered out in April, 1865. He served under Capt. \n\n\n\n590 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nCook, who was detached from his company much of the time, leaving \nit in charge of Mr. Harris. He was in most of the fights and \nskirmishes in which his regiment took part, from the date of his en- \nlistment to the close of the war. He had charge of the garrison at \nColumbia for some time. During the war he made hosts of friends \namong Confederates and Southern sympathizers by his many acts of \nkindness and generous sympathy for the unfortunate. He is thor- \noughly identified with the community in which he lives. He was ap- \npointed postmaster, April, 1869, and has held the office continuously \never since. He has been president of the Sturgeon bank, but is not \nconnected with that business at present. He built the building now \noccupied by the Sturgeon bank. He is a member of the order of A. \nO. U. W. He and his wife are both members of the Missionary Bap- \ntist church. In politics Mr. Harris is a stalwart Republican. \n\n, A. J. HAWKINS. \n\nA. J. Hawkins is the son of John and Rebecca (Skinner) Hawkins, \nand was born in Madison county, Kentucky, July 14, 1828. His \nfather came to Boone county in 1829 and settled on Thrall\'s Prairie, \nnear the Model Farm. The subject of this sketch was brought up on \nthe farm and has followed that occupation principally all his life. He \nhas also worked considerably at the blacksmith\'s trade, and has \ntaught school. Was married, November 11, 1852, to Sarah, daughter \nof Joseph and Hannah (Hicks) Fountain. They have three children: \nBarsco Zelo, Laura Bell, and Ezekiel John. Barsco Zelo married \nWilliam M. Butler and Laura Bell married John C. Via. Butler is \nliving in Chicago ; Via in Dallas, Texas. Mr. and Mrs. Hawkins ^re \nboth members of the Baptist church. Mr. Hawkins, though possess- \ning only the educational advantages offered by the common schools \nof the county, is a well educated man and has been quite successful \nas a teacher of common schools. He is of German and English \norigin, his mother being of German descent, his father English. He \nis an afi\'able, pleasant gentleman, faithful in all the duties and respon- \nsibilities of life. \n\nELIJAH S. HAWKINS. \n\nElijah S. Hawkins, carpenter, was born in Howard county, Michi- \ngan, March 30, 1832. He is the son of Weeden and Elizabeth (Lan- \nham) Hawkins. The family removed to Illinois in 1834, and settled in \nAdams county, near Quinc}\'\', where they remained until 1851, when \nthey came to Boone county, Missouri, and settled about thi^ee-fourths \n\n\n\nHISTORY OP BOONE COUNTY. 591 \n\nof a mile southwest of Sturgeon. Mr. Hawkins has followed the oc- \ncupation of carpenter during most of his life. For a short time he \nsold goods in Sturgeon with Napoleon Burks, under the firm name of \nBurks & Hawkins. Theirs was perhaps the second dry -goods estab- \nlishment ever started in that place. He has farmed considerably in \nconnection with his trade. He was first married, September 27, 1857, \nto Julia, daughter of Jesse and Mary A. Copher. Was afterward mar- \nried to Miss Sallie, daughter of Simon Engleman. They have one \nchild bv this marriasre, named Sallie. Mr. Hawkins is a member of \nthe United Workmen, He has, since coming to Missouri, lived con- \ntinuously in Boone county, except two years spent in Montana, \nminino; and workins; at his trade. \n\nJOHN HAZELRIGG. \n\nJohn Hazelrigg is the son of Dillard and Sallie (weeRenick) Hazel- \nrigg, and was born in Chirk count}^ Kentucky, July 17, 1828. His \nmother was the daughter of George and Mary Magdalen Renick, and \nsister of Abraham Renick, one of the noted stock men of Clark county. \nJohn Hazelrigg left Kentucky in 1856 and settled in Bath, Mason \ncounty, Illinois. He enlisted in the 85th Illinois Infantry in 1862. \nHe was chief musician of his regiment. Was at the battles ofPerry- \nville, Murfreesboro, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, and in Sher- \nman\'s famous march to the sea. He was married, February 14, 1854, \nto Mildred, daughter of J. V. Kemper, Sr,, of Montgomery county, \nKentucky. Have one daughter, Mary Dillard. Mr. Hazelrigg is now \na member of the firm of Hazelrigg & Kemper, Sturgeon, Missouri,, \ndealers in drugs, groceries, etc. He belongs to the Knights of Hon- \nor and was formerly a member of the Odd Fellows lodge, but has not \naffiliated with the order since coming to Sturgeon. He is a member \nof the Christian church, and has been since he was seventeen years \nold. Mrs. Hazelrigg is also a member of the same church. He has \nbeen councilman of the city for several years, and has been city clerk \nfor two years. He is of Scotch and Welsh origin on his father\'s side \nknd German on the mother\'s side. \n\nC. B. HULEN, \n\nC. B. Hulen was born in Bath county, Kentucky, November 16, \n1833. He is the son of John C. and Sallie (nee Bruton) Hulen. Mr. \nHulen\'s parents were natives of Kentucky, his father of Madison, his \nmother of Montgomery county. He left Kentucky when ten years of \nage. They emigrated to Boone county, where the subject of this \n\n\n\n592 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsketch lias resided ever since. He was married, August 29, 1860, to \nMary F., daughter of J. V. and Mary Kemper. They have one child \nnamed Yard, Mr. Hulen has been engaged for the last ten years in \nbuying and selling mules and horses, making Sturgeon his shipping \npoint. He took no part in the war, remained in Illinois until it was \nover. In 1865 he moved to a farm three miles south of Sturgeon \nwhere he has lived ever since. He and his wife are both members of \nthe Christian church. Mr. Hulen is a warm-hearted, whole-souled \nman, universally liked by all who know him,^ \n\nJAMES T. JACKSON. \n\nJames T. Jackson, dealer in hardware and farming implements, \nSturo;eon, Missouri, was born in Madison county, Virginia, April 5th, \n1850. His father, Thomas M. Jackson, was a native of Virginia. \nHe came to this State in 1832. He was a tinner and worked at his \ntrade until his health failed, when he returned to Virginia, taking his \nfamily with him. James remained in Virginia until he was nineteen \nyears of age, when he returned to his native State, coming direct to \nSturo-eon, where he remained for a few months. He then went to \nEoanoke, Howard county, where he attended school one session. Ee- \nturnino- to Sturgeon, he entered the High School, taught by Col. J. J. \nSearcy, remaining a student of this institution for two sessions. He \nthen went to work for Dr. J. S. Lockridge and J. F. Rucker, on a \nbrick-yard. The following winter he fed cattle for Dr. Lockridge. \nThe summer following he made up a herd of cattle and grazed them \non the prairie. Returning to Sturgeon he bought an interest in a \ndrug store and commenced business with W. H. Goin. This was in \n1871. April 30th, 1872, he was married to Miss M. F. Rucker, sister \nof Major John F. Rucker and daughter of John D. and Lucy J. {nee \nLinsley) Rucker. They have two children, Lloyd R. and Annie Cor- \nnelia. He is a member of the Knights of Honor and A. O. U. W. \nHe also belongs to the M. E. Church South. He has held several \noffices under the city government of Sturgeon. He commenced the hard- \nware business in 1874, and has been doing a growing business ever since. \nHe is one of the substantial and reliable business men of Sturgeon. \n\nWM. KEITH, M. D., CENTRALIA. \n\nThe gentleman whose name heads this sketch is a native of Scott \ncounty, Kentucky, born December 20th, 1806. The Keith family \n\n1 Since the foregoing sketch has been in type, Mr. Hulen died in St. Louis, of apoplexy, \n.Sept. 28, 1882. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, 593 \n\nseem to have been of Scotch origin, George Keith, great grandfather \nof Dr. William, having been a native of Scotland. The Doctor\'s \ngrandfather was a native of Maryland. All the paternal ancestors \nfrom the great-grandfather down, bearing the name of George, Lon- \ngevity seems to have been a characteristic of this family, as most of \nthe ancestors lived to be past eighty years old, and the primary ances- \ntor herein mentioned is said to have reached the remarkable age of \none hundred and eleven years. Dr. R. lived with his father in his \nnative county till about fifteen years old, when they removed to Bul- \nlitt county, Kentucky, where William remained till he was 22 years of \naofe. At the ao-e of about 12 he was taken down with white swelling \nin his right leg and confined to his bed a long time, even before he was \nable to go on crutches, which he subsequently did for a considerable \nlength of time. At 15 years old, he put himself under treatment of \na Scotch doctor named James H. Forester, and was soon enabled to \ndo a little light work. At the age of 17, being desirous to be at \nsome employment, and having a fair education, began teaching, his \nschool being mostly composed, at first, of juvenile pupils, or " a-b-c- \ndarians." He succeeded so well as a teacher that his patrons retained \nhim several years, At intervals, however, he would between terms \ngo off to higher schools himself for short periods until he was about \nthe age of 22 years. Having a desire to see the old friends and rela- \ntives and his native soil, he left his father\'s, and made his way back. \nHaving a good English education he engaged in the occupation of \nteaching school in various places. Finally made his stand in Mortons- \nville, Woodford county, where he studied medicine with Dr. Wm. M. \nWilson, and in the year 1837-8, at Transylvania University, completed \nhis preparation for the practice of medicine. After this he began to \npractice in connection with his preceptor, Dr. W., who died during \nthis connection, and Dr. K. remained there in the practice till 1840, \ncoming to Missouri in that year. He first practiced for three or four \nyears near Centralia. He was married, in 1844, to Miss Martha Jane \nLamjoton, and moved to Chillicothe, Missouri, where he purchased a \nfarm a few years later, and continued farming and practicing medicine \nin Livingston county for several years. He then moved back to Chil- \nlicothe in order that his children might enjoy the advantages of the \nschools of that city. When the civil war came on. Dr. Keith was \nforced to leave home, entrusting the care of his family to his oldest \nson, Clayton, then a lad of 16 years, and his mother. The Doctor \n38 \n\n\n\n594 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwent to the Confederate army and served as surgeon to Gen. Wm. Y, \nSlack till the latter was killed at Pea Ridge. Dr. Keith remained \nwith the General till he expired, and then buried him in FuUbright\'s \norchard, in order that there should be no difficulty in finding his \nremains. Subsequently he was employed as hospital surgeon till the \nfall of 1863, when he left the army, and. accompanied by his family, \nwho had joined him, repaired to Arkansas. They remained in that \nState from October, 1863, till April following, when they went to \nKentucky and remained till the civil troubles were over. In October, \n1865, the whole family returned to Missouri, locating at Sturgeon, in \nBoone county, where they continue to reside, Dr. K. resuming the \npractice of his profession and continuing till 1875. He then turned \nit over to his youngest son, J. Fabricius Keith, who had previously \nbeen practicing in the City Hospital. He continues the practice at \nSturo-eon, and is married to a Miss Turner, an amiable lady of good \nfamily, daughter of Alexander Turner, now of Sturgeon. Clayton \nKeith, the doctor\'s oldest son, obtained a good education and entered \nthe ministry, but was forced to give it up because of failing health. \nHe then studied medicine and having prepared himself for the prac- \ntice, was soon afterwards married to Miss Mary Bernard, of Louisiana, \nMissouri, where he is now located and practicing his profession. Dr. \nKeith has good cause to be proud of his family, having reared them \nin that exemplary manner that fits them for the responsible duties of \nlife. \n\nDR. JAMES F. KEITH. \n\nDr. James F. Keith was born in Livingston county, Missouri, Jan- \nuary 18, 1849. He is the son of Dr. William and Martha J. {nee \nLampton) Keith. The subject of this sketch left Missouri in the fall \nof 1863, going first to Arkansas, thence to Tennessee and Kentucky, \nand from the latter State back to Missouri, stopping at Sturgeon, in \n1865, where he has lived continuously ever since, except the few years \nspent at the Medical College in St. Louis. He entered that institu- \ntion in 1869, graduating two years later. He was assistant surgeon \nat the St. Louis hospital for six months, returning to Sturgeon in the \nfall of 1871. He practiced medicine with his father until the latter\'s \nhealth failed, when he turned his entire business over to his son. He \nwas married October 7, 1874, to Miss Dora, daughter of Alexander J. \nTurner, of Sturgeon. They have one child living, William F. Dr. \nKeith was not in the arniv. He belongs to no church. Is a member \n\n\n\n\n\n\\ ^ OC^ ^>^^V^ ^=^\' \n\n\n\n\n^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 595 \n\nof the Knights of Honor, and is medical examiner for the order. He \nhas served a number of insurance companies in the same capacity. \nHe has the confidence and esteem of the entire community. \n\nCHARLES G. KING. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Boone count}\'-, October 19, \n1828. He is the son of James and Kissiah (Penic) King, both natives \nof Kentucky, but early settlers in Boone county. Mr. King was \nreared on the home place about two miles west of Columbia, where \nhis father lived and died. In early manhood, the subject of this \nsketch crossed the plains to California where he remained for two \nyears working in the mines. He returned home in 1852, and re- \nsumed his former occupation \xe2\x80\x94 farming. Was married, December \n15, 1853, to Mary, daughter of David and Cjaithia Shock, of Boone \ncounty. They have nine children living; William, May, Francis, \nDavid Everly, Maggie, Mattie, Walter, Dora, and Minnie. Mr. and \nMrs. King are members of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. \nMr. King has lived a life of earnest, persistent toil, and by industry \nand prudent management has accumulated a handsome estate and won \nthe esteem and confidence of a wide circle of friends and acquaint- \nances. \n\nDR. JAMES S. LOCKRIDGE. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Randolph County, Missouri, \nApril 27, 1832. His father, William Lockridge, was a native of \nRockbridge county, Virginia. His mother was a native of Augusta \ncounty, Virginia. Her maiden name was Ruth Davis. The elder \nLockridge died when his son was but sixteen or seventeen years of \nage, leaving him the sole support of his mother and three sisters. \nHe had but little time to attend school and grew to manhood without \nbeing scarcely able to write his name. His sisters having married, \nand his mother dying when he was about twenty-one, he commenced \nhis education in real earnest. He attended the St. Louis Medical \nCollege and Jefferson College, Philadelphia, graduating from the \nlatter institution in 1856, and from the St. Louis Medical College the \nyear following. He came to Sturgeon in the spring of 1857, where \nhe was married the following November to Elizabeth A., daughter of \nThomas Prather and o-randdaughter of Mrs. Cowan, one of the oldest \ncitizens of Boone county. They have one child living, R, Lee. \nHave two sons dead. William died at the age of fourteen, Willard at \nthe age of two and a half years. Dr. Lockridge built the first brict \n\n\n\n596 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nhouse ever erected in Sturgeon. He has an interest in the store \nconducted under the firm name of Goin & Lockridge. He has taken \na lively interest in every enterprise calculated to promote the interests \nof the town in which he lives, and has lent a helping hand to every \nlaudable undertaking which stood in need of such patronage. He is \nalso liberal in his professional charges, especially so to the poor, and \nin this way has done a great deal of good of which the world knows little \nor nothing at all. The doctor and his wife are both members of the \nCumberland Presbyterian Church. \n\nF. W. MIDDLETON. \n\nF. W. Middleton was born in Clinton county, Illinois, November \n17, 1836, and lived there until 1876, when he removed to Sturgeon, \nMissouri. Before leaving Illinois he was engaged in the hay busi- \nness. He was married, December 29, 1855, to Miss Edna, daughter \nof Lacy K. and Catherine Witcher, natives of Pennsylvania, but citi- \nzens of Illinois at the time of their daughter\'s marriage. They have \nfive children, whose names are Finis E., Nelson Holt, George Leon- \nard, Walter, and Bertie. Mr. Middleton served in the Union army \nduring the late war, being a member of Company D, 89th Illinois \ninfantry, which operated m Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee. He was \nin the battles of Perry ville. Stone River, Chickamauga, Atlanta and \nNashville. He is a member of the A. O. U. W., and had belonged to \nthe Odd Fellows before coming to Sturgeon. There being no lodge \nat that place he withdrew from the order. Mr. Middleton and C. H. \nTaylor own and oj^erate one of the Sturgeon mills. They also have a \nhav press in connection with their business which is a valuable acquisi- \ntion to the town. \n\nWILLIAM J. MONTRIEF. \n\nWilliam J. Montrief, member of the firm of Montrief & Prather, \nlivery, feed and sale stables, Sturgeon, Missouri, is a native of Frank- \nlin county, Virginia, where he was born, November 5th, 1839. He is \nthe son of Isaac and Francis Montrief. His father was of French \norigin, his mother of Irish parentage. At the beginning of the war \nhe joined Company C, Tenth Virginia Cavalry, Confederate army. \nIn the last years of the war he served in Captain Wingfield\'s company. \nHe was in the seven days battle near Richmond, and was at Sharps- \nburg, Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and the siege of \nPetersburg in the fall of 1864 ; was taken prisoner and carried to \nWashington City in July, 1865, where he took the oath and was re- \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 597 \n\nleased. He had two brothers in the regiment in which he served. He \nreturned to his home in Franklin county, after being released from \nprison, a sound man, having gone through the entire war without re- \nceiving a wound. He landed in Sturgeon, Missouri, in the winter of \n1868, and settled on a farm southeast of town. In 1877, moved to \ntown and has been a citizen of the place ever since. He was married, \nFebruary 14th, 1870, to Miss Penelope, daughter of James Hendrick. \nThey have five children: J. Virgil, I, Homer, William L., Lilburn \nH. and Everett B. Mr. and Mrs. Montrief are both members of the \nChristian church. He is also a member of the Knights of Honor. \nHe is at this writing mayor of the city. He has also held the office of \nconstable. Since bec(nning a citizen of Sturgeon, he has followed the \nlivery business in partnership with Mr. Prather. He is a man of ex- \ncellent judgment and considerable culture, having received a fair edu- \ncation before entering the army. He is social, kind and accommodat- \ning as a neighbor and highly esteemed by all who know him. He is a \nDemocrat in politics, but was raised a Whig. \n\nJOHN TAYLOR m\'CAULEY. \n\nSamuel McCauley, father of John Taylor, was a native of Ken- \ntucky, having been born and raised in Montgomery county of that \nState. He removed to Missouri in 1819, and settled about five miles \neast of Columbia. He was first engaged as an overseer for Asa \nStone, for whom he labored until the breaking out of the Florida \nwar, when he enlisted under Col. Dick Gentry, and was with that \ngallant officer when he received his death wound. He also served in \nthe Mexican war, and was in the battle of Buena Vista. He also \ncrossed the plains to Santa Fe several times. The subject of this \nsketch was born in Boone county, October 5, 1844. His mother\'s \nmaiden name was Cynthia A. Lewis. He was raised on the farm, \nand in early manhood went into the milling business, afterwards was \na tie and timber contractor. Was also in the livery business at Stur- \ngeon. Served as justice of the peace for ten years. Was married, \nJanuary 22, 1871, to Alice, daughter of John and Millie Peaclier, of \nBoone county. Have three children living: Walter Scott, Daisy D., \nRobert Bruce. Mr. McCauley\'s grandfather, on his father\'s side, was \na Scotchman and a soldier of the revolutionary war under General \nWashington. Mr. McCauley and wife are members of the Christian \nchurch. He is also a Mason. He was left an orphan at an early \nage, and had not only himself to educate and support, but the \n\n\n\n598 HISTORY or boone county. \n\ncare of several younger members of the family resting alone upon \nhis industry, fidelity and prudence. \n\nJAMES M. m\'COMAS, M. D. \n\nDr. James M. McComas, a prominent physician of Sturgeon, Mis- \nsouri, was born at Newton, Kentucky, February 29, 1844. He is the \nson of C. L. and Clara McComas, the former a native of Virginia, \nthe latter of Morgan county, Kentucky. His life, from early youth, \xe2\x96\xa0 \nhas been an eventful one. His parents removed to the west when he \nwas an infjint, stopping first at Bnrlington, Iowa, moving next to Ne- \nbraska, where they remained for a few years, thence to Illinois, where \nthey both died, their deaths being within a short period of each other. \nYoung McComas, being thus left an orphan, returned to his relatives \nin Kentucky, and remained a short time at Louisville and Covington, \nattending school. He next went to Philadelphia, and, at the early \nage of eleven years, embarked with his uncle on a voyage to South \nAmerica, where he remained for a short time. Returning from the \ntropics, he spent the remainder of his youth in the States of Illinois, \nIowa, Kentucky and Pennsylvania. Having no one to guide or coun- \nsel him, and being of an inquisitive temperament, and possessing, \nwithal, an unusual amount of vitality, he naturally acquired a wan- \ndering disposition, and sought wider fields of observation than the \nimmediate vicinity in which he was left a helpless orphan. While yet \na mere youth, he attended a course of medicine at the Missouri medi- \ncal college, St. Louis, in the class of 1860 and 1861. He took one \ndegree at the Pennsylvania medical college, Philadelphia, and two at \nthe medical department of Central university, Louisville, Kentucky, \nw-here he graduated in 1875 with the degree of M. D. In 1880, he \ntook the degree of M. D. at the Kentucky school of medicine, Louis- \nville. Dr. McComas was married, September 26, 1867, to Miss Mag- \ngie, daughter of John and Catherine Rochford, large landholders of \nSturgeon, Missouri. The Doctor has two children : Arthur Rochford \nand Edwin Gaillard. He belongs to no church. He is a member of \nthe Masonic order. He is of Scotch-Irish origin. He has a large \nmedical library, consisting of standard works and a large collection \nof recent publications by the most eminent authors of the profes- \nsion. Notwithstanding the vast amount of medical literature con- \nstantly issuing from the press, he is a liberal purchaser of all that \npossess the least merit, and by this means he keeps fully abreast \nwith all the recent discoveries made, and reported by the most \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 599 \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0eminent men in the profession. He believes in progress, and cher- \nishes every new idea, and welcomes every new discovery calculated \nto benefit the race bv alleviatins: human sufFerino-. In addition to \nhis medical library, he has a fine collection of literary works, in- \ncluding a full set of the American Cyclopedia. He has also a large \nelectric battery of recent and most approved construction, with a \nfine assortment of electric attachments and appliances for use in \nhis practice. He has been at Sturgeon for fifteen years, and has \nbuilt up a splendid practice. He is a member of the Linton medi- \ncal association, also of the State association. He is a man of \nbroad, liberal views, and a genial, courteous, entertaining gentle- \nman. Mrs. McComas is a member of the Catholic church. \n\nEMERSON D. m\'ALLISTER \n\nWas born in Warren, Huntingdon county, Indiana, January 31, 1852. \nHe is the son of George and Kebecca McAllister. His father was born \nnear Zanesville, Ohio, and his mother was born and reared in the State \nof Indiana. Besides Emerson, there were born four other children \xe2\x80\x94 \nWilliam A., James Monroe, Alonzo and Lavina \xe2\x80\x94 of whom William \nA. only is now living, and is a leading physician in Centralia. Emer- \nson lived with his parents in Warren, Indiana, until he was fifteen \nyears old. In 1867 his father moved to Boone county and settled on \na farm about four and a half miles southeast of Sturgeon, where Em- \nerson remained, performing the usual duties required of farmers\' boys \nfor about three years and a half. He then went to Centralia and com- \nmenced learning the art of telegraphy under the supervision of the \nnight operator. Here he remained five months, when he was placed \nin charge of the office at Cunningham, in Chariton county. From \nhere he went to Ottumwa, Iowa ; then successively to St. Peters, Mont- \ngomery, Martinsburg, Carrollton, St. Charles and New Florence, Mis- \nsouri. On account of his wife\'s health, he next moved to Hillsboro, \nTexas, and remained a short time ; from Texas he removed to Stur- \ngeon, where he has for several mouths past very efficiently discharged \nthe arduous duties of agent and operator. He has been engaged as \nagent and operator at various points, altogether, for a period of about \ntwelve years. His education was acquired at the schools of Warren, \nin which he made very satisfactory progress up to the period of his \nleaving ; but owing to poor health he was prevented from taking as \nadvanced a course as he desired, until he arrived at an age when he felt \nit incumbent upon him to wage his own part in the actual battle of life. \n\n\n\n600 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nOn December 29, 1880, he was married to Miss Ava J. Hunter, daugh- \nter of S. P. and Esther (Sherman) Hunter. Mrs. McAllister is a na- \ntive of Morrison, Gasconade county, this State. They have one child, \nnamed Elmer. In connection with Mrs. McAllister there is a bit of \nromantic history to which a brief allusion will here be made, and which \nalso concerns some of the early pioneers of Boone county.\' MissHun-< \nter\'s mother, prior to her marriage, was a Heath. She had a brother \nnamed Robert. In 1822 Robert Heath\'s father emigrated from Boone \ncounty, taking with him a colony consisting of mechanics, artisans, \netc., and settled upon a tract of land five leagues square, then within \nthe borders of old Mexico, but now just within the borders of New \nMexico. In consideration of establishing the colony upon it, this tract \nwas deeded to Mr. Heath by a physician to the emperor, to whom it \nhad been granted by royal authority for his great skill and learning. \nThe tract is known as the Brazito claim. Owing to the turbulent \ntimes which arose, the colony was broken up, and returned to Missouri, \nwhere, not long after, Mr. Heath died. The heirs, excepting Robert \nHeath, knew nothing of their claim to this estate till a few years ago> \nwhen it leaked out throuo;h Robert\'s efforts to obtain confirmation of \nthe title and secure the entire property himself. The required evi- \ndence has been gradually collected for the past few years, and the claim \nof the rightful heirs to their just proportion, it is expected, will soon \nbe established. Mrs. McAllister\'s mother\'s share will be one-eighth \nin this large estate. \n\nMr. McAllister is a member of the Masonic lodge at Sturgeon, and \nhis wife is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. \n\nDUNCAN m\' DONALD. \n\nDuncan McDonald, wagon-maker and blacksmith. Sturgeon, Mis- \nsouri, is a native of Stormount county, Canada, but of Scotch parent- \nage, He is the son of Alexander and Catharine (nee Mcintosh) \nMcDonald. His mother was a first cousin of the Confederate general, \nJames Mcintosh, killed at Pea Ridge. The subject of this sketch was \nborn and raised near the line between Franklin county, New York, \nand Canada, in the neighborhood of the Wheeler family, and knew \nthe vice-president very well. Mr. McDonald was born February 4, \n1836, and lived in his native county until he was sixteen years old. \nHe was brought up on the farm, but after reaching manhood learned \nthe trade of a wagon-maker and blacksmith. Leaving Canada, he \nwent first to Iowa, where he remained one vear, coming from that \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 601 \n\nstate direct to Sturgeon, where he has remained ever since, working \ncontinuously at his trade. He was married in the fall of 1859, to \nMiss Elizabeth R., daughter of James R. Burks. They have six chil- \ndren living, and five dead. The names of the living are Samuel \nLockridge, Catharine Lee,- Martha Ellen, Duncan Bruce, Ada Eveline, \nand John Archibald. Mr. McDonald is a member of the Catholic \nchurch. He has been a member of the city council, and also of the \nschool board. Mrs. McDonald is a member of the Methodist church. \n\nJ. W. NOE. \n\nJ. W. Noe, farmer, was born in Fayette county, Kentucky, No- \nvember 20, 1811. He is the son of George and Catharine (Smith) \nNoe. His father was a native of Kentuck}^ Mrs. Noe was a native \nof Virginia. The subject of this sketch grew to manhood in Ken- \ntucky. His grandfather built the first house ever erected in Fayette \ncounty. His parents lived to a very old age. Mr. Noe was married, \nApril 3, 1833, to Matilda S., daughter of Judge A. P. Ho^we, oi \nNicholas county, Kentuck3^ They have eleven children living, three \nof whom reside in California. The names of ten of the living are \nJames, Anion, Mary, George, Oscar, Newton, Issachar, Nattie, Boaz \nand Amanda. Julia, the first-born, is dead. Oscar is a physician and \nis now practiciug his profession in Illinois. George graduated in law \nat the University of California, and is at present condacting a large \nschool in that State. Mr. and Mrs. Noe are both members of the \nChristian church. Most of their children are also members of that \nchurch. Two of their sons are members of the order of United \nWorkmen. Mr. Noe commenced business at an early age as a clerk \nin a store on the line of the Wabash and Erie canal, in Indiana. He \nalso contracted to build four sections of the canal, and the work \nproved a financial success. This was in Green county. He also ran, \na store in connection with his other business. He is of French and \nEnglish orio;in. \n\nWILLIAM D. OLIVER. \n\nWilliam D. Oliver was born in Casey county, Kentucky, January \n16, 1836. His parents, Isaac and Mary (Downey) Oliver, were \nnatives of North Carolina, who first emigrated to Kentucky, where the \nsubject of this sketch was born, and then, in 1838, to Boone county, \nMissouri, settling nine miles northwest of Columbia, where the elder \nOliver died, August 16, 1871. The subject of this sketch was edu- \n\n\n\n\'602 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\noated at the common schools of the neighborhood. He was brought up \non the farm, and has followed agricultural pursuits, the stone mason\'s \ntrade, and teaching ever since attaining his majority. Fa^rming has \nbeen his principal occupation. He has traveled as an adventurer and \na soldier, over most of the States of the Union. He was married, \nJuly 17, 1871, to a daughter or Aaron and Margaret Pierce. They \nhave three children, Mary Margaret, William Isaac, and James Aaron. \nMr. Oliver and his Avife are both members of the Christian church. \nMr, Oliver served during the last year of the war under Gen. Sherman. \nMrs. Oliver was a widow previous to their marriage. Her first hus- \nband was Benjamin Berry. There were two sous by this marriage, \nWalter W. and Benjamin L. \n\nJOEL PALMER, DECEASED. \n\nJoel Palmer^, was one among the most enterprising farmers and stock \nraisers of Boone county. He was born in Clark county, Kentucky, in \n1811, but removed in early life to Bourbon county, where he remained \nuntil his marriage, in 1831, to Miss Milly Fretwell of that county. He \ncame to Missouri in 1833. He was the son of James and Elizabeth \n(Foster) Palmer. Landed in Boone count}^, Missouri, with a wagon \nand team and eight hundred dollars, and died worth about sixty thou- \nsand. He first settled about three miles south of Sturg-eon, where he \nlived from 1833 to 1865. After sellino- his farm he moved several \ntimes, finally settling down with his son, Lancelot, where he died \nOctober 29, 1879. He left two children, Lancelot and Mary Susan \nStewart. His first wife having died, he w^as married the second time \nin his old age. Lancelot Palmer was born in Boone county, three \nmiles south of Sturgeon, at the old Palmer homestead. May 10, 1834. \nHe was raised in Boone county where he continued to reside until \n1881, when he removed to Audrain, about one-half mile north of Stur- \ngeon, where he now lives. He is largely engaged in farming and \nstock raising, which he has followed all his life. Was married, June \n2, 1867, to Martha Ann Cook, a native of Boone county, daughter of \nRobert and Ann Eliza Cook. The parents of Mrs. Palmer were for- \nmerly of Kentucky. They have four living children. Letha Ann, \nRobert Lee, James and Charles. Mr. and Mrs. Palmer are not \nmembers of any church. He belongs to no secret orders. Took no \npart in the late civil war. He owns about two thousand acres of land, \none-half in Boone, the remainder in Audrain county. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 603 \n\n\n\nCHARLES H. PRATHER. \n\n\n\nCharles H. Prather, of the livery firm of Moutrief & Prather, Stur- \ngeon, Missouri, was born in Madison county, Kentucky, October 19, \n1829. He is the son. of Thomas and Polly (Cowan) Prather. The \nelder Prather was born and raised in Kentucky. Mrs. Prather was \nborn in Virginia. They moved to Boone county, Missouri, about the \nyear 1830, and settled on a farm four miles north of Columbia, where \nMr. Prather spent the remainder of his life, dying in 1848. The sub- \nject of this sketch was two years old when his parents came to Boone \ncounty. He was reared on a farm and followed agricultural pursuits \nuntil he engaged in the livery business two years ago. He lived in \nEandolph seven years, and in Audrain twelve years, his home being \nnear Sturgeon. For the last two years Mr. Prather has been engaged \nin the livery business with Montrief. Was married October 19, 1849, \nto Eliza J,, daughter of Joseph Brown, of Boone county. The fol- \nlowing children born of this marriage, are now living: Mary Ellen, \nJoseph, John, and Ida May. The first wife having died February 23, \n1880, Mr. Prather married Miss Said, daughter of William Barnett. \nServed in Capt. Davis nport\'s company, Confederate army, during the \nlast year of the war. Was in several minor engagements while en \nroute southward. He is a member of the Christian church. His \nwife is a Methodist. Mr. Prather is a member of the Knights of \nHonor, also of the Home Mutual Association. In addition to the \nlivery business, Mr. Prather is largely interested in the cattle trade in \npartnership with his brother-in-law. \n\nJ. M. PROCTOR. \n\nJ. M. Proctor, one of the most prominent and successful business \nmen in his section of country, was born in Macon county, Missouri, \nFebruary 12th, 1842. He first came to Boone county in 1849, re- \nmaining about four years, during which time he was engaged in farm- \ning out in the "white oaks." Returning to Bloomington, Macon \ncounty, he learned the tinner\'s trade. He remained at Bloomington \nuntil 1860, when he removed to Mexico, Missouri, where he remained \nduring the war, except for a few weeks spent in campaigning with \nCol. Porter ; was in the fight at Monroe Station, the first battle of the \nwar fought on Missouri soil. He was also at Moore\'s Mill and Florida. \nMr. Proctor is the sou of Dr. William H. and Sophronia {nee \nMaughs) Proctor. His mother is a sister of Dr. J. M. B. Maughs, \n\n\n\n604 HISTORY or BOOXE COUNTY. \n\nof St. Louis, and Mordecai Maughs, of Callaway county. He was \nmarried January 20th, 1864, to Miss Ella, daughter of William White, \na Methodist minister, of Mexico. They have five children : Finnie, \nLaura Belle, Willie Patton, John Henry and Edna Clay. After his \nmarriage he removed to Sturgeon, where he has fteen actively engaged \nin farming and trading ever since. He is a self-made man, having had \nno advantages save those he created for himself. He went to school \nin the woods, the school-house being made of unhewn timber, the fire- \nplace occupying an entire end of the rude cabin When he returned \nto Bloomington, he went one term to the High School, finishing his \neducation while learning his trade. After working all day he usually \nspent about half the night studying. He labored after working hours \nto procure money to buy books. He read law for two years and was \nanxious to enter upon the duties of that profession but had not the \nmeans to do so. Mr. and Mrs. Proctor, and all their children except \none, are members of the Methodist Church South. He was a candi- \ndate before the Democratic convention for the State Senate in 1880, \nbut was beaten by Hon. James L. Stephens, of Columbia. He is of \nScotch origin, on his father\'s side. His mother was of French ex- \ntraction. He has accumulated considerable property, and is doing a \nprofitable business. He is one of the largest dealers in railroad ties \nin the State. He is true to his convictions, fair in his dealings, and \nearnest and sincere in the discharge of duty. Mr. Proctor was nomi- \nnated at the Democratic primaries in August, 1882, as a candidate for \nrepresentative, defeating a strong competitor, Capt. J. W. Kneisley, \nin every voting precinct in the county but one. \n\nWILLIAM PROWELL. \n\nWilliam Prowell, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Boone \ncounty, Missouri, August 8th, 1847. His fiither Robert Prowell, \nwas born in Adair county, Kentucky, as may be learned from his \nbiography which appears elsewhere in this volume. William grew to \nmanhood on his father\'s farm. He received a fair education at the \ndistrict schools and State University and followed teaching in the pub- \nlic schools of this county for about five years. He was married, March \n15th, 1870, to Mary E., daughter of Eli and Nancy Lyon, of Boone \ncounty. They have three children, all living: Lucy P., Robert E. \nand Carrie L. Mr. Prowell and his wife are both members of the \nBaptist church. He is also a member of the Order of United Work- \nmen, at Sturgeon, and a notary public. He runs a blacksmith shop \n\n\n\n. HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 605 \n\nin connection with his farm, also keeps a supply of staple groceries \nfor his farm hands. He is a well-to-do, prosperous farmer, owning \nsome 320 acres of good land and about 600 acres of white oak lands, \nbesides an interest in other real estate. He uses all available machin- \nery and keeps fully abreast with the age in which he lives. Though \nstill a young man, he has by his individual industry and enterprise \naccumulated nearly all he possesses, having received only a bare start \nin the world from his own and his wife\'s parents. \n\nJOSEPH B. ROBINSON. \n\nJoseph B. Robinson, farmer and blacksmith, was born in Albemarle \ncounty, Virginia, October 10th, 1832. His father, Tandy B., was a \nnative of Virginia, where he was reared to manhood and married \nElizabeth Barnes, also a native Virginian. He removed to Missouri \nin the fall of 1834, and settled first in Howard county, removing to \nBoone in 1838, where he had previously entered the farm upon which \nhis son, Joseph, now resides. He died January 26th, 1874, and his \nwife October 15th, 1876. The subject of this sketch has lived in \nBoone county continuously ever since he was six years old, except \ntwo years spent in Illinois, during the late civil war. He worked ten \nyears at his trade, but has made farming the chief occupation of his \nlife. Was married May 14th, 1872, to Mary L., daughter of Joseph \nL. Caldwell, of Boone county, formerly of Adair county, Kentucky, \nwhere Mrs. Robinson was born. They have two children, Edward and \nGarl. He has an excellent farm of 30,0 acres. He is a member of the \norder of A. O. U. W. \n\nJOHN ROCHFOKD, DECEASED. \n\nJohn Rochford was born at Armagh, Ireland, May 2, 1815. He \nreceived a thorough collegiate education. He came to America in \nearly life, landing first at New York, where he received emplovment \nin connection with the United States Navy. From New York City he \ncame to St. Louis in 1839, where he labored as an architect, planning \nand building some of the finest public buildings in that city. From \nSt. Louis he came to Columbia, Missouri, where he lived until 1849, \nwhen he went to California, where he remained four years. While on \nthe Pacific coast he engaged in the lumber business, which proved a \nvery profitable venture. Returning to Boone county, he settled in \nSturgeon and took a contract, in partnership with Col. Ruby, for \nbuilding twenty miles of the North Missouri railroad. Mr. Rochford \n\n\n\n606 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. , \n\ninvested largely in land along the line of this road. When Sturgeon \nwas laid off he owned most of the land included within the limits of \nthe town, which he was mainly instrumental in locating. He gave \nthe town its name, calling it Sturgeon, in honor of the first president \nof the road. It is said that he donated forty acres of land as an \ninducement to the railroad company to locate the depot at this point. \nMr. Rochford was married in Ireland to Catherine Madden. They \nhad four children, one son, Bernard, and three daughters. Only one \nof the children, Mrs. McComas, wife of Dr. J. M, McComas,is living \nin Boone county. Bedelier married a man named Sinclair, and \nLouisa R. married a Mr. Cowgill. \n\nWILLIAM G. RIDGWAY. \n\nWilliam G. Ridgway, farmer and wagon-maker, was born two and \na half miles west of Columbia, December 21, 1829. His father, \nEnoch Ridgway, was a farmer and a native of Rowan County, North \nCarolina, from which he emigrated to Kentucky, thence to Missouri,, \narriving in Old Franklin, Howard county, about the year 1817. He \nnext went to New Mexico, where he remained about one year. Re- \nturning from New Mexico, he settled in what is facetiously called \n"Terrapin Neck," situated in Boone county, Missouri, and mor^ \nparticularly described elsewhere. Mr. Ridgway married Ailcy \nBarnes, a native of Frankfort, Kentucky. The subject of this sketch \nwent to Pike county in 1848 and remained there four years, during \nwhich time he learned the wagon-maker\'s trade. He returned to \nBoone County in 1852 and has worked at his trade, and at farming, \nover since, devoting most of his attention to agriculture. The elder \nRidgway left his place in the river bottom on account of " milk sick- \nness." He entered part of the land upon which William G. now \nresides, about the year 1834 or 1835. The subject of this sketch was \nmarried, January, 9, 1852, to Melissa, daughter of J. Fisher, of Pike \ncounty, Missouri. They have nine children living. There names \nare Nora, George W., James M., Martha Savannah, Eupha, William \nEdmund, Sophia, Bertha and Ora Glenn. Mrs. Ridgwa}\'- is a mem- \nber of the Christian church. \n\nMA J. JOHN r. RUCKER. \n\nMaj. John F. Rucker, one of the most prominent and influential \nbusiness men of Sturgeon, was born in Amherst county, Virginia, \nSeptember 19th, 1838. He is the son of John D. and Lucy J. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 607 \n\n(nee Tinsley) Riicker. Maj. Riicker came to Sturgeon in 1858, where \nhe remained until the yvar. He joined Company C. which was raised \nin that place. He was afterwards made a lieutenant in a St. Louis \nregiment commanded by Col. Kelly. He entered the service in \n1861, at Jefferson City. He was at Boonville and Lexington, went \nSouth with the army and participated in the battles of Carthage and \nWilson Creek. He was also in the battle of Drywood, and a num- \nber of other skirmishes and battles of less note. Came home after \nthe surrender of Lexington, and was captured by the enemy and im- \nprisoned at Macon City. He was released on parole, but was soon \nafterwards re-arrested on a charge of treason and conspiracy, having \nbeen indicted by the United States Court. He was taken to St. Louis \nand put in jail. Giving bail he was released from prison. He at- \ntended several terms of the United States Court but his case was not \ncalled up. A compromise was at last agreed upon by which Maj. \nRucker, was banished to Montana during the war. While in Mon- \ntana he was elected chief clerk of the legislature and also a member \nof the territorial constitutional convention. At the close of the war \nMaj. Rucker returned to Virginia, and after a short stay in the Old \nDominion, he returned to Sturgeon, where he has lived ever since. \nHe was married, August 28th, 1867, to Miss Julia, daughter of Col. \nWilliam Early Rucker, of Audrain County, Missouri. Four sons were \nborn of this marriage. Their names are Booker H., Guy Lockridge, \nEarly D., and Ray. The first wife dying, March 30th, 1879, he was \nmarried, May 18th, 1880, to Miss Frankie D., daughter of Carter \nDingle, of Mexico, Audrain county, Missouri. Maj. and Mrs. \nRucker are both members of the Methodist Church South. He has \nbeen superintendent of the Sunday school for fourteen years. Has \nalways been a Democrat in politics. Has held the office of chairman \nof the Congressional Central Committee for five or six years past. \nIn 1875 he was elected to t^e convention to form a new State consti- \ntution representing the Ninth Senatorial District. It was a free race \nand there were a number of candidates, including Col. Switzler, who \nwas also elected. The Major is, practically speaking, a self-made \nman. He is a public-spirited citizen in the truest sense of the term, \nand has been an earnest laborer in the cause of immigration. He \nsuggested the main points in the immigration bill. He is a director \nof the Sturgeon bank and has been for several years. He and Mr. \nSherwood W. Turner own a controlling interest in the business. \nHe is the leading man in the firm of Rucker & Turner, a store that \n\n\n\n608 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nis doing a large business. They also have an extensive trade in rail- \nroad ties. \n\nRODEEIC D. RUCKER. \n\nRoderic D. Rucker, chief salesman with Goin & Lockridge, Stur- \ngeon, Missouri, was born in Amherst county, Virginia, May 7th, \n1849. He is the son of John Dabney and Lucy Rucker. Since com- \ning to Missouri, in 1868, Mr. Rucker has lived continuously in Boone \n-and Audrain counties, spending the first two years on a farm about \none mile west of town, on what is known as the old Marney place. \nHe entered the store of Goin & Lockridge in the spring of 1882. He \nwas married December 22d, 1874, to Miss Lulu, daughter of Judge \nHenry Dusenbury. They have three children, Edward Leslie, \nFrancis Marion and Robert Milton. Mrs. Rucker is a member of the \nMethodist church. Mr. Rucker belongs to the order of A. O. U. W. \nHe owns and cultivates a nice farm over the line, in Audrain county, \nwhere he resides. The farm is three miles north of Sturgeon Mr. \nRucker is a quiet, aifable gentleman, well known and highly appre- \nciated in business circles. He is a brother to Maj. John Rucker, of \nSturgeon. \n\n. ALFRED SIMS. \n\nAlfred Sims, farmer and miller, was born in Madison county, Ken- \ntucky, February 4, 1832. He is the son of Abram and Gracie (Ro- \nbards) Sims, natives of Kentucky, who came to Boone county, Mis- \nsouri, when the subject of this sketch was but two years old. He was \nraised on a farm and has followed farming ever since he was old \nenough to work, except seven or eight years spent in a saw mill. He \nowns a farm of 260 acres. Was married, March 16, 1855, to Miss \nNancy Jane, daughter of J. W. and Polly Barnes. They have six \nchildren, named as follows : AbranI L., Nancy Elizabeth, John Davis \nBeauregard, James Anderson, Sidney Daniels, and Polly Thomas. \nMr. Sims has been a hard-working man and has accumulated all \nhis property by his own individual exertions, having inherited nothing \nbut a horse and saddle from his father. He has spent his life in Bour- \nbon township, and is well and favorably known in that section. \n\nTHOMAS G. SIMS. \n\nThomas G. Sims was born near New Castle, Henry county, Ken- \ntucky, July 20, 1823. He is the son of Thomas A. and Elizabeth \n(Morris) Sims, natives of Virginia. The subjectof this sketch came \nto Boone county in 1836, and has resided here ever since. He has \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 609 \n\ndevoted his time to farming and bricklaying. Was married, Decem- \nber 17, 1853, to Miss Margaret A., daughter of James M. Hicks. \nThey have eight children living, and one dead. Their names are \nThomas A., Jeaiinette D., James M., Lizzie J., Lenora, Walter B., \nFlora T., Elmer T., and Betta. The last named is dead. Mr. Sims \nis a member of the Masonic order, also a member of the orders of \nUnited Workmen and Knights of Honor. He is an officer in the two \nfirst named lodges. Was imprisoned by the Union authorities during \nthe war on account of his Southern politics. Mr. Sims is a self-edu- \ncated man, having never attended school but three months in his life. \nHe was appointed a justice of the peace during the war. He is an \nexcellent workman. He superintended the erection of Hardin Col- \nlege and the opera house at Mexico, Missouri, and assisted in building \nthe addition to the Christian College, Columbia, He is a good- \nnatured, jovial man, and is universally esteemed by all who know \nhim. Mrs. Sims is a member of the Christian church. \n\nWILLIAM ENOCH SMITH. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Benjamin F. and Polly A. \n{nee Wilson) Smith, and was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, \nSeptember 6th, 1835. He lived in Kentucky until he was twenty-two \nyears old, when he removed to Boone county, Missouri, in 1857. He \nlanded at Providence on the Missouri river, April 16th, and remained \nin that vicinity for two years, when he moved north of Columbia, near \nMiddleton, ten miles south of Sturgeon, where he remained for eio-ht \nyears. Leaving that neighborhood, he removed to a place six miles \nnorthwest of Columbia, where he remained for thirteen or fourteen \nyears. His next move was to Sturgeon. His occupation, up to this \ntime, had been farming, shipping of stock and trading. Coraino- to \nSturgeon, he bought the Commercial hotel, opening house October \n15th, 1880. Mr. Smith was educated in Kentucky, partly at common \nschools and partly by private tutors. He took no part in the war. \nHe was never married. Is a member of the Christian church, but \nbelongs to none of the lodges. He never held an office and has na \npolitical aspirations whatever. His paternal grandfather was a native \nof Virginia, but one among the first to emigrate to Kentucky. He \nwas a surveyor. He settled where Mt. Sterling now stands, but \nbefore there was a white settler within sixty miles of his place. At \none time he donated one hundred acres of land to a preacher as an, \ninducement to the minister to settle in his locality and preach for the \n39 \n\n\n\n610 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsettlement. He had previously located one thousand acres for himself, \nfor in those days, according to a special law of Virginia, the surveyor \nwas " monarch of all he surveyed" \xe2\x80\x94 almost. Kentucky was then a \nportion of the Old Dominion, and to induce surveyors to go to the \nwilderness and run off the lands, large grants were allowed them, with \nthe privilege of locating their lands wherever they liked best. This \nlaw induced a large number of young men to learn surveying, and a \npractical knowledge of the art enabled many of them to lay the foun- \ndation of a princely fortune in the wilds of Kentucky. \n\nCHARLES HENRY TAYLOR. \n\nCharles Henry Taylor was born in Maryland, August 4th, 1850. \nHe is the son of Levi and Adeliza {^nee Bell) Taylor. He left his \nnative State when he was twenty years of age, coming to St. Charles, \nMissouri, where he remained one year, removing from there to Stur- \ngeon, where he has remained ever since. He was depot agent and \ntelegraph operator for ten years. In the fall of 1878 was married to \nMiss Kate, daughter of Christian Miller, of Audrain county. They \nhave one child, Lloyd Stanley. Mrs. Taylor is a member of the \nChristian church. Mr. Taylor belongs to the order of A. O. U. W. \nHe is a member of the city council. Has a half-interest in the prop- \nerty known as the Middleton & Taylor mill. A large lot of new \nm^achinei-y has lately been added to this mill, and the property greatly \nimproved throughoui. The estimated value of the mill, in its present \nimproved condition, is $6,000. Mr. Taylor is a very clever, obliging \nyoiing man, and stands very high in business and social circles. \n\nF. M. TRUBY. \n\nF. M. Truby,- machinist and miller, was born in Armstrong county, \nPennsylvania, April 27th, 18,29. He is the son of Jacob and Catherine \n(nee Mechling) Truby. He lived in Pennsylvania until he came to \nMissouri, sometime about the year 1874. He first settled in Middle \nGrove, Monroe county, where he lived four years. He came to Stur- \ngeon in 1879. He has a good education, having received special in- \nstructions in his line of business. He is a practical machinist, and has \napplied his knowledge and skill princijDally to milling purposes. He \nis proprietor of the Sturgeon Mills. Mr. Truby was married in 1852, \nto Rebecca Cooper, daughter of Ustacy and Mary Ann Cooper, of \nWaynesville, Ohio. They have ten living children. Their names \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 611 \n\nare Katie, Celesta, Ustacy, Romeo, William, Amiie, Osa, Lillie,. \nWilber and Franklin. Their fourth child, Isbin, is dead. \n\nB. F. TUCKKR. , \n\nB. F. Tucker was born in Boone county, Missouri, September 23d, \n1834. He is the son of W. W. Tucker, a native of Virginia. His \nmother was a native of Kentucky. Her maiden name was Woodruff. \nW. W. Tucker is the father of sixteen children, all of whom are living. \n, They are all the children of one mother. B. F. Tucker grew up to \nmanhood on his father\'s farm, in Rocky Fork township, removing to \nBourbon when twenty-one years of age, where he has continuously \nresided ever since. He was educated at the common schools of the \ncounty. His father was a farmer, and the son was brought up in that \nline of business, and has followed agricultural pursuits all his life. \nHe was married December 12th, 1855, to Miss Jeannette H., daughter \nof Joseph and Hannah Fountain, of Bourbon township. They had \ntwo children by this marriage, William Warren* and "^j^ph D. \nThe first wife dying, Mr. Tucker was again married, June 12th, \n1873, to Lucinda E., daughter of James and Tabitha Davenport, \nnatives of Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Tucker are both n:^mbers of \nthe Christian church. He took no part in the war. Hi^\'arm is \npleasantly situated and quite productive. By industry, prudence \nand economy, Mr. Tucker has accumulated considerable property, \nnearly all of which is the result of his own individual labor. \n\nA. J. TURNER. \n\nA. J. Turner was born in Warren county, Kentucky, September \n2, 1831. He is the son of Andrew and Mary (?2ee Harris) Turner. \nHe came to Missouri when seven years old. He was raised in Saling \ntownship, Audrain county, three miles north of Sturgeon. When \neighteen years old he went overland to California. He did not re- \nmain in the mines but a few months, returning by way of Panama. \nHe was four months at sea and suffered severely from sea-sickness. \nHe was married July 8, 1852, to Miss Catherine, daughter of Jesse \nand Georgia Vance, natives of Kentucky. They have four children. \nTheir names are P. H., Dora, Mary, and Katie. Dora is the wife of \nDr. J. Keith, of Sturgeon. Mr. Turner improved and sold several \nfarms in Audrain county previous to coming to Sturgeon in 1870. \nSince removing to town, he has followed no particular occupation. \nHe came to Sturgeon for the purpose of educating his children. He- \n\n\n\n612 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nis an earnest advocate of popular education. He says the only time \nhe was ever beaten for an office was when he offered for school direc- \ntor. It was when the law required but one director, and he was \nknown to be in favor of an increased levy for school purposes. He \nhas been a member of the city council for about ten years. Mr. and \nMrs. Turner are both members of the Christian church. He is also a \nMason. Mr. Turner is a kind-hearted, quiet, genial man. He is in \ncomfortable circumstances and takes the world very easy. \n\nSHERROD W. TURNER. \n\nSherrod W. Turner, cashier of the Sturgeon bank, and member of \nthe firm of Rucker & Turner, was born and reared in Boone county, \nMissouri. He is the son of John and Virenda H. (Tucker) Turner. \nHis early education was limited. He attended the common schools \nof the county, and afterwards went to the State University, at Colum- \nbia, Mo. He taught in the public schools for about five years, his first \nattempt at teaching being in the capacity of assistant in the Sturgeon \nhio\'h school. He went to the Mound City Commercial College, St. \nLouis, where he took a thorough course, including commercial law. \nHe o;i-aduated from this institution in 1869. In 1870 he went to \nTexas and was engaged in a dry goods house as book-keeper for one \nyear. Returned to Sturgeon in 1871, and was employed as book- \nkeeper and salesman by Maj. G. F. Rucker until 1876, when he be- \ncame a partner in the firm. December, 1879, he became cashier of the \nSturgeon bank. He was married, November 12, 1871, to Miss Katie, \ndaughter of Nathaniel Roberts, of Boone county. They have no \nchildren. Mr. and Mrs. Turner are both members of the Christian \nchurch. He is a Knight Templar and a member of the Order of A. \nO. U. W. and Knights of Honor. Mr. Turner is a live business man, \nand has been very successful in all his undertakings. \n\nW. I. WEBSTER. \n\nW. I. Webster, compositor in the Leader office, Sturgeon, Mis- \nsouri, was born in Randolph county. May 13, 1857. He is the son \nof W. P. and Elizabeth (Coulter) Webster. He was born and reared \non the farm, and remained on the homestead until he was eighteen \nyears old, when he removed to Macon county, Missouri, and from \nthere to Sturgeon, where he entered the Leader office as a compositor. \nHas worked at the trade about eight years. He was married, Feb- \nruary 12, 1882, to Maggie, daughter of William J. McLoney. Mr. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 613 \n\nWebster is a good workman and a competent newspaper man. He \ncontemplates starting a paper of his own in the near future. \n\nWILLIAM H. WELCH. \n\nDavid B. Welch, father of the subject of this sketch, was born \nnear Harper\'s Ferry, Virginia. He came to Monroe county, Missouri, \nwhere he was married, afterwards reraoviug to Boone county about \nthe year 1835. He settled at Old Petersburg, where he was em- \nployed for several years as a teacher. Was also a shoemaker. He \nlived at Petersburg about seven years. The subject of this sketch \nwas born in Boone county, October 1, 1840. His mother\'s maiden \nname was Kituria Brink. Mr. Welch has been a citizen of Boone all \nhis life, except while absent in the Confederate army and in Califor- \nnia. He has been engaged in the mercantile business for about \neighteen years. He spent four years in California. Was married, \nAugust 19, 1869, to Laura, daughter of H. H. Jamison, of Pettis \ncounty, Missouri. They have four children living and four dead. \nThe living are Scott, Annie, Daniel W., and Serepta Evellen. Mr. \nWelch enlisted in the Confederate army under Capt. Ab. Hicks, of \nClark\'s Division. He was in the battles of Boonville, Lone Jack, Car- \nthage, Wilson\'s Creek, Drywood, Lexington and Pea Ridge. He also \nparticipated in the fatal assault upon Helena, Arkansas, and was in \nPrice\'s raid in 1864. Mr. Welch is a member of the city council, also \nof the Sturgeon Masonic lodge. He is of L-ish and German origin. \nWas left an orphan at the age of seven, and from early boyhood sup- \nported and educated himself. He has also built up a good business \nby his own individual, unaided exertions. \n\nJAMFS T. WHITE. \n\nJames T. White, farmer, is the son of William C. WhTte, who was \nborn in 1812, and came to Missouri about the year 1822 and settled \nin Howard county, where he remained one year, finally removing to \nBoone county and settling on a farm near where James T. White now \nlives. The subject of this sketch was born in Boone county, March \n29th, 1838. His mother, Luvicy Lawrence, was a native of Ken- \ntucky. Mr. White was reared on the farm, and has always followed \nthe occupation of a farmer. Was a soldier in the Confederate army,, \nbeing first a member of Capt. John Bole\'s company, afterwards with \nWat Stone. Was at Prairie Grove, Milliken\'s Bend, Gaines\' Landing, \nand a number of smaller engao;ements. He served three years. He \n\n\n\n614 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand his brother-in-law have in partnership three hundred and seventy- \nsix acres of land and devote their attention to farming and stock- \nraising. When Mr. White returned home from the Avar fifty dollars \ncomprised all that he possessed in the world. He now owns, in addi- \ntion to his Boone county property, a stock farm in Vernon county, \nMissouri, which he manages in connection with his lands m Boone \ncounty. \n\nSAMUEL NEWTON WOODS. \n\nSamuel Newton Woods was born in Boone county, February 26th, \n1844. He is the son of Barnabas S. and Martha C. (Copher) Woods. \nWas raised on the farm upon which he now resides, and which has \nalways been his home except while absent in the army, or while cross- \ning the plains. Was absent in the army eighteen months, and in \ncrossing the plains fifteen months. Was sworn into the Confederate \nservice by Col. Poindexter, and served under Col. Dorsey, Was in \nseveral engagements in Northern Arkansas. Was only seventeen \nyears old when he joined the army. Mr. Woods was married, Feb- \nruary 8th, 1870, to Caroline Boyd, daughter of William and Elizabeth \n(Seymour) Boyd. They have five children, Patrick Seymour, Wil- \nford Watson, Lafayette Gomer, Ober Kyle and Samuel Boyd. Mr. \nand Mrs. Woods are members of the Baptist church. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XYL \n\nCEDAR TOWNSHIP. \n\nPosition and Description \xe2\x80\x94 Organization \xe2\x80\x94 Remarkable Natural Features \xe2\x80\x94 Caves, Mounds, \netc. \xe2\x80\x94 Rockbridge Mills \xe2\x80\x94 Minerals, " Gold ! Gold ! " \xe2\x80\x94 Early Settlers and Settlements \xe2\x80\x94 \nIncidents, Peter Ellis and the Indians, Joker Jones \xe2\x80\x94 Tragedies of the Civil War \xe2\x80\x94 Kill- \ning of James Harrington and others \xe2\x80\x94 Skirmish at Stonesport \xe2\x80\x94 Miscellaneous Matters \nof Interest \xe2\x80\x94 Country Churches \xe2\x80\x94 The Town of Ashland \xe2\x80\x94 Its General History \xe2\x80\x94 Stock \nSales \xe2\x80\x94 The "Bugle" \xe2\x80\x94 Riot \xe2\x80\x94 Secret Orders \xe2\x80\x94 Churches \xe2\x80\x94 The Town of Providence \xe2\x80\x94 \nJSTashville \xe2\x80\x94 Stonesport \xe2\x80\x94 Biographies of Old Settlers and Prominent Citizens of Cedar \nTownship. \n\nPOSITION AND DESCRIPTION ORGANIZATION. \n\nCedar, which is by far the largest municipal township in the county, \nembraces all that portion of the county lying south of Columbia \ntownship and east of the Roche Perche. Its northern boundary is \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 615 \n\nthe same as the line north of congressional township 47, while it is \nbounded on the east by Cedar creek (the Callaway county line) as far \ndown as the southeastern corner of section 12, of congressional town- \nship 45, range 12, from which point south to the Missouri river the \nboundary is the range line on the east of said congressional township. \nThe Missouri river forms the southern and southwestern boundary, \nflowing in an almost regular outward curve from the mouth of the \nKoche Perche to the Callaway line. Cedar may be properly said to \nembrace almost a little kingdom within itself, with the capital at Ash- \nland, so great is its area and so independent the character of its citi- \nzens. The township as now bounded is the same original township \nestablished by order of the county court at the May session of 1821. \nThe record as quoted from Book A. of the first county court, gives \nthe following : \' \' The court then proceeded to lay ofi* the county into \ntownships, and to establish the following as the several and respective \nboundaries thereof, viz. : 1st Township, beginning at the mouth of \nthe Perche creek, thence up to where it crosses township line between \ntownship 47 and 48, thence east with the township line to the eastern \nboundary of the county, thence southward with the said boundary \nline to the Missouri river, thence up said river to the place of begin- \nning, which said township is denominated Cedar township." The \ncourt held its session at Smithton, and was presided over by Peter \nWright, Lazarus Wilcox and Anderson Woods as justices. The same \ncourt at the same session established four other townships, and \nappointed constables for each, Thomas S. Tuttle being appointed the \nfirst constable of Cedar township. \n\nCedar contains two entire, and six fractional congressional town- \nships, and has about 182 whole sections and 40 fractional sections of \nland. Estimating the 40 fractional sections at an average of 20 \nwhole ones, gives 202 square miles of 640 acres each. This gives an \nentire area of about 129,280 acres. \n\nTOPOGRAPHY, NATURAL FEATURES, ETC. \n\nAlong the eastern side of Cedar township, the Two-mile Prairie \nextends for some distance, entering it from the north and running \nparallel with Cedar creek and extending down nearly opposite Ashland \non the east. Most of the country around Ashland is rolling, with \nsufficient drainage to carry off all surplus water. Farther to the east \nalong Cedar creek, the country is rough and broken, and in some \nplaces afi\'ords magnificent scenery. At Duly\'s mill, on Cedar creek, \n\n\n\n616 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwhere the stream makes a great bend of a mile or more, and returns \nwithin about 50 feet of itself, a tunnel was cut through the solid lime- \nstone to the same stream opposite, giving a fall of about fifteen feet \nand saving the building of a dam. Little Bonne Femme creek rises \nin the southern part of Columbia township and flows southwest and \nthence southeast in a kind of curve through the western part of Cedar \ninto the Missouri river. The face of the country along this stream is \nrough in the vicinity of Rockbridge mills. West of this are Perche \ncreek and Missouri river bottoms. Of course, the bluff districts along \nthe Missouri are rough and broken as they are everywhere on that \ngreat stream. The finest farming country is in the central and \nnorthern portions, and the Two-mile Prairie. \n\nEEMARKABLE NATURAL FEATURES THE CAVE AND NATURAL BRIDGE \n\nAT ROCKBRIDGE MILLS, \n\nThis natural feature is located a quarter of a mile east of the natural \nbridge, on the farm of Mr. D. M. Emmitt. The entire country in \nthat locality is honeycombed with " sink-holes," and the cave whose \nopening fronts east, is entered b}\' going down into one of these sink- \nholes. The entrance is large enouoh for a man to ride in on horseback, \nthough there is no evidence that anyone ever accomplished that feat. \nThe opening is about ten feet high by fifteen feet wide, and though it \nhas been explored to some distance, no terminus has ever been discov- \nered. Inside is a stream called Cave creek, that flows wholly under \nground from northeast to southwest. A distance of some 200 yards \ncan be penetrated on terra fii\'Tna, when it then becomes necessary to \nproceed in a boat, the stream in some places being ten or fifteen feet \ndeep. It has its stalagmites and its stalactites, its compartments, \nrooms and passages, all that goes to constitute a cave of real inter- \nest. The largest apartment known is about 200 yards from the \nmouth, and is entered by a passage some fifteen feet high, which \nopens out into a room about twenty-five feet high by 150x75 feet in \nlength and width. One gentleman, who explored it to the distance of \nnearly a mile, pronounces the passage irregular, but not difllcult. \nOther parties claim to have gone in far enough to exhaust four miles \nof guide string without finding any terminus. \n\nbass\'s CAVE. \n\nThis cave is also on Little Bonne Femme, four miles from Ashland, \non the land of the old Bass estate. It opens about ten feet above the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 617 \n\ncreek bed, and the mouth is large enough for a man to walk in erect, \nbeing nine feet high by five feet wide. It penetrates the bluff from \nwhere it opens on the west, running back east to a distance of about \n300 yards. It has several compartments, the largest of which is the \nmain cavern, dimensions about 15x25x80 feet in height, width and \nlength. It terminates in a small room at the eastern extremity, and \nhas running through it, from a spring in the interior, a stream of very \ncold water which flows from the opening into the creek below. This \nplace is quite famous as a neighborhood picnic resort. \n\nquillan\'s cave. \n\nOn the farm of J. B. Quillan there is a peculiar cave utilized by \nhim as a cellar. The location of the cave is near Mr. Quillan\'s resi- \ndence. It is reached by descending a stairway about 100 feet in \nlength. The floor of the cave is perhaps forty feet from the surface. \nWhen the temperature outside is 100 degrees it is only 50 degrees in \nthe interior of the cave. Mr. Quillan makes considerable quantities \nof butter and stores his milk in the cool recej)tacle so nicely provided \nby nature. \n\nCAVE ON LICK CREEK. \n\nThere is also a cave on Lick creek, in the southeast quarter of sec- \ntion 18, township 46, range 11, which is somewhat peculiar. The \naperture is cylindrical in form, is about five feet in diameter, and has \nthe appearance of a hole bored with a huge auger. At the entrance \nthe whole surface of the walls is of solid rock, but further inward \nthe floor is of gravel. It has never been fully explored. Its \ndepth or extent is unknown. Foxes have been chased into this \ncave, pursued by dogs, and after a considerable time the dogs would \nreappear, but without their game. \n\nMISCELLANEOUS. \n\nOn the southwest quarter of section 16, township 45, range 12, \nthere lies a huge boulder. It is about 125 feet in leno-th, 12 feet his^h, \nand its greatest width is about 30 feet. It is supposed to have fallen \ntrom the blufi* or ledge near by, and has lain in its present position \nfor many years. \n\nIn February, 1882, Mr. Benjamin Wren found a petrifaction very \nmuch resembling a bufialo horn, sawed off" at the base. Tlie interior \npresents a flinty appearance, while the outside resembles limestone. \nSpecimens of fossil corals, resembling honeycomb, mistaken by many \n\n\n\n618 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfor petrified wasp nests or honeycomb, and so called, have been picked \nup in different parts of the township. \n\nAlong the Missouri river are scattered many mounds of the sepul- \nchral class, built by the Mound Builders centuries ago. One of these \nmounds was opened some years since, and in the interior were found \nfragments of human bones, charred wood, ashes, and a fine pottery \npipe, the latter well and handsomely made, and in a perfect state of pre- \nservation . The archseology of this township is well worth study and in- \nvestio-ation, althouo-h to this date not much attention has been o;iven to it. \n\nIn digging a well near Stonesport, about the year 1860, when the \nw^orkmen had reached a depth of some twenty-two feet some pieces of \nribs belonging to a prehistoric animal, resembling a mastodon, were \nfound. They were about 24 inches in length by about three in width. \n\n\'ROCKBRIDGE MILLS. \n\nThe Rockbridge mills, situated on section 7, township 47, range 12, \nsix miles straight south of Coliniibia, take the name from a natural \nbridge spanning the Little Bonne Femme creek at the place where the \nmills are located. The creek sinks into the ground on the farm of \nAlexander Bradford, about three miles above the bridge, and emerges \nfrom a cave about fifty feet above the mill. Here it passes under the \nnatural bridge of rock about 100 feet wide. It is seventy feet from \nthe ground to the top of the bridge, the arch of which is fifteen feet \nhigh and forty feet wide. In 1876, Mr. Emmitt, the present owner, \nbuilt a stone wall across the side of the rock farthest from the mill. \nThe mill was built by S. Tuttle, in 1822, and was among the first in the \ncounty. Tuttle had associated with him other gentlemen. It was \nbuilt of logs, and the next year broke down aiid was washed away. It \nwas rebuilt by-Keyser c5; Co , partly of logs and partly framed, and \nstood thus till sold to James McConathy, in 1840. He made addi- \ntions to it, and changed the power from water to steam, and added \na distillery. About the close of the war it passed into the hands of \nMr. James Emmitt, of Ohio, who still owns the property, which is \noccupied by his son, David M. Emmitt. \n\nCHIMNEY ROCK. \n\nA short distance above the residence of Mr. Allen Burnett stands a \ncolumn of stone known in the locality as the " chimney rock." It is \nabout forty feet in height, is nearly cylindrical in form, with a di- \ntimeter of about ten feet. It is composed of what seem to be a \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 619 \n\nnumber of small stones cemented together, but it is really one \nrock, the small stones being air-slacked fragments thereof. The col- \numn stands almost perpendicular, and on the whole is well worth \nseeing. \n\nMiscellaneous. \xe2\x80\x94 On the farm of Mr. Murphy (s. w. 1-45-13), there \nis a very large cottonwood tree, measuring at the base 39 feet and four \ninches in circumference. \n\nOn the farm of Mr. Crenshaw (s. w. 17-45-12), there are two large- \nsized elm trees, whose bases are near together, and one of which, at \nan angle of 45\xc2\xb0, enters the other at a height of about ten feet from \nthe ground, and thus the two form one trunk. The bases are about \ntwelve feet apart. \n\nOn the same farm there is a large circular sink hole, some thirty or \nforty yards in diameter and ten or twelve feet deep. There is another \nsink-hole of a similar dimension on the farm of S. B. Bryant, ad- \njoining. \n\nNot far north of Wilton the Missouri river has recently made a \nbreak into the Bonne Femme creek. There are really two of these \nbreaks, which are some distance apart. The Bonne Femme now \nempties into the river, and a short distance below the river runs into \nBonne Femme again. Large quantities of earth have fallen into the \nriver lately in the neighborhood of Providence and down the river, \nand considerable injury to land has resulted. \n\nMINERALS. \n\nNo paying mines of any kind have as yet been opened in Cedar \ntownship. The biggest excitement of this kind is one of recent de- \nTelopment. Mr. Robin Parker, of Colorado, who was spending the \nwinter of 1881-82 in Boone county, began prospecting for the precious \nmetals in Cedar township. He claims to have discovered both gold \nand silver on the farm of W. A. Barton, near Wilton. A company \nwas formed, called the Boone County Gold Mining Company, which be- \ngan operations on Monday, May 8, 1882. They however discovered \nmore lead than either of the precious metals, and altered their operations \naccordingly, and there is a prospect of obtaining lead in paying quan- \ntities. They claim, however, to have found gold, and a fine quality of \ndust was exhibited at Columbia, said to have come from the Cedar mine. \n\nMr. L. L. Lindsay is also sinking a lead shaft on his place, and the \nindications are good. No coal banks have as yet been developed, but \nthe indications are good on the east side of the township. \n\n\n\n620 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nOn the farm of Wm. M. Jones, that gentleman has frequently \npicked up, after a heavy washing rain, a great numl)er of pieces of \nlead, which some have thought indicate that the locality was once the. \nsite of a battle-field ; but as there is no record, or even tradition of a \nbattle in this section in which bullets were used, it is l^elieved by \nothers that the pieces found indicate the presence of lead in consider- \nable quantities beneath the surface. \n\nEARLY SETTLERS. \n\nIt is not always possible to get at the facts pertaining to earliest \nsettlement, especially where different parties claim the priority. As \nfar as can be correctly ascertained the following will give the principal \npioneer settlements : David Rice came from Kentucky to Boone \ncounty in 1818, and settled on Bonne Femme creek, six miles north- \nwest of where Ashland now stands. He moved over on the river in \n1835, where he has since resided. Tyre Martin and the Nichols \nbrothers also came at an early day and settled mostly in Cedar town- \nship. Martin drove the fii\'st covered wagon that crossed the river at \nSt. Charles. John Nichols had twenty-two children, and thus became \nthe progenitor of a numerous stock, all of whom are said to be pro- \nlific. Earlier still, in 1817, it is claimed that Ira P. Nash, James \nAdams, Samuel Buckalew, William Ramsey, Hiram Bryant, Thomas \nBrooks and John Herald came to Boone county and settled in several \nneighborhoods in Cedar township. Two years later Daniel Hubbard \nand G. B. Sappington settled in Cedar, all of whom were there prior \nto the admission of the State and, of course, before Cedar was laid \noff into a township. \n\nPeter Ellis came in 1818, and brought the second, if not indeed the \nJirst, keel-boat that came up the Missouri. After the Ellises, came \nthe Basses, and these in turn were followed by others from the grand \nold States of Virginia and Kentucky, till soon after Missouri\'s admis- \nsion into the Union Cedar township had a population of considerable \nnumbers. \n\nIn the general history department of this volume, Col. Switzler has \nhandled the pioneer history so completely that further mention of first \ncomers is here unnecessary. \n\nRev. Dr. David Doyle was also a pioneer, and was the first resident \nphysician who practiced in Cedar township. [See biograplw.] It is \nuncertain whether he or Berryman Wren preached the first sermon, as \nthey were cotemporaneous, and the honoris claimed for each. Thos& \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUTNY. 621 \n\nwho claim the priority in ministerial labors for Rev. Wren, locate the \nfirst service at Goshen, while by others it is held that Dr. Doyle\'s \nservice, held at the house of Anderson Woods, was the first, the dates \nin each case being indefinite. But, however that may be, they were \nboth worthy men, and all honor is due them for their God-fearing, \nman-loving zeal. \n\nRev. Berry man Wren was born in Rutherford county, N. C, in \n1796. He came to Boone county in 1819, and was licensed to preach \nin 1821. He was noted as a very earnest and zealous minister of the \ngospel, and " died in the harness " September 19th, 1867, after a brief \nillness. His wife, Tabitha, is still living, at the age of 87. \n\nJames Beazley came from Virginia to Boone county in 1828, and \nsettled on section 30, township 48, range Id, where he lived till his \ndeath, in 1854. Henry Jefierson, the father-in-law of Beazley, was \nalso a Virginian, and came to Boone in 1827. He located on the \nsoutheast quarter of section 16, township 47, range 13. Louis Hume \ncame from Madison county, Ky., in 1823, and settled on the northeast \nquarter of section 5, township 47, range 13. \n\nNear Claysville were Robert P. Carter, who came from Virginia \noriginally, and from Kentucky to Missouri directly, in the year 1829, \nand settled where the town of Claysville now stands. Capt. Wm. \nRamsey made his advent into the county in about 1825, locating a \nmile and a quarter west of Claysville. The captain was probably \nnever commissioned to his office, but won his spurs, as it were, by be- \ning a great and successful Indian fighter. Job Murray, a Tennesseean, \nsettled one mile east of Claysville, in 1835 or 1836. Greenberry \nBlevins was an early settler, and made his claim on the Clardy farm. \n\nThe first marriages in this neighborhood, now remembered, were \nthose of John Marley to Maria Toombs, 1827, and Mark Sappington \nto Euphy Ramsey, in 1828. As early as 1830 Dr. David Doyle prac- \nticed his profession as a physician in the community and preached the \ngospel on Sabbath days whenever convenient. It is said that when on \nhis way to preaching or to see a patient he would always carry a gun \nwith him for fear of Indians. Probably the first relioious services \nwere conducted by Dr. Doyle, although Rev. James Suckett, an old \nBaptist minister from Kentucky, preached here in 1838 and a claim is \nmade that Rev. Berryman Wren, who began his labors in the vineyard \nin 1830, was the first minister in the community. \n\nThe first school-house, in the southern part of the township, was \nbuilt about 1830. It stood down in the corner of the county, close to \n\n\n\n622 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe Callaway line, on section 25, township 45, range 12. A man \nnamed Hayden taught the first school the same year the house was \nbuilt. He had twenty or more scholars and was paid $2 per month \nper scholar for his services. Mr. Hayden is reported to have died \n" up in the prairie somewhere." \n\nP. H. Mellon claims to have put up the first store in Claysville, in \n1845 or 1846. He was probably the first postmaster. Claysville has \nfor a long time been a steamboat landing, and a great deal of freight \nhas been received and shipped from time to time. Robt. P. Carter, a \nnative of Culpepper county, Ya., who came to Boone in 1829, first \nsettled where Claysville now is, and kept a wood-yard for a number of \nyears. The town was named for Henry Clay. \n\nINCIDENTS, REMINISCENCES, ETC. \n\nWhen Peter Ellis, Sr., lived in Cedar in early times, seven In- \ndians came to his house either on a plundering, begging or stealing \nexpedition, one or all being given to whichever of the above weak- \nnesses that circumstances most favored. " Boys," said Mr. Ellis \nto his sons, "go to the smoke-house, corn-crib and tobacco-house, \nand don\'t let \'em in." Abe went to the meat-house, and posted \nhimself inside. A squaw tried to force her way in, tempted by \nthe thouofht of the well-cured hams hano^ino; within. Abe tried to \n"hold her out," but she pushed him in and entered. He pushed \nher out and she fell backwards over the door-sill, which made all \nthe other Indians laugh. They went ofi" without doing any damage. \n\nPeter Ellis was a very determined old man, and had no notion of \nhaving his "truck" carried oif by loafing Indians. Abe would \nhave been rougher in keeping out the squaw, but was afraid of the \nIndians, thinking every minute his father might do or say some- \nthing that would awaken their veno-eance, \n\nJONES THE JOKER. \n\nJoseph G. Jones is a historic character, in the sense of being the \n"boss joker" of Boone. It is related of him that once, when a \nneighbor came to his house and ground some sausage, Jones told him, \nwhile there, of a panther that had been prowling around, and cau- \ntioned him to be on his guard. After he was fully away from the \nhouse, returning through the woods, Jones took a near cut, headed \nhim off" in the woods, and set up a mock-panther scream that caused \nthe hair to rise on his scared neighbor\'s head, who dropped his bucket \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 623 \n\nof sausage and ran for his life. Jones took the sausage home, and, to \ncomplete the joke, brought back the bucket, scratched up as though \nthe "varmint" had eaten up the sausage and left the bucket in the \nwoods. \n\nOil another occasion he caught a pony belonging to his father and \npainted it up. The old gentleman thought he discovered a stray ani- \nmal on his place, and set the dogs on it to get rid of it. But the \npony came back, and it was not till the process of dogging was re- \npeated and the poor brute chased nearly to death that the delusion \nwas discovered. \n\nOne of Jones\' neighboi\'s had been enterprising enough to erect a \nlightning rod on his premises. Jones was not to be outdone ; so, pro- \ncuring some paw-paw poles, he fastened them together and set them \nup by his chimney. He then went to the house of his friend who had \nthe " sure-enough\'"\' rod on his house, and told him he had put up one \non 1x18 place. Fearing it was not properly adjusted, he urged the neigh- \nbor to go over and examine it. He consented, but when they arrived \nand he saw how he was sold, it is said he came near taking satisfac- \ntion out of Jones\' hide. \n\nA favorite prank of the joker was to palm off on people not well \nposted some buzzard eggs, and induce them to hatch them out as the \neggs of a fowl of very fine breed. \n\nTRAGEDIES OF THE CIVIL WAR. \n\nKilling of James Harrington. \xe2\x80\x94 September 3, 1864, a company for \ntlie Confederate service was being recruited in this township ; Informa- \ntion of the fact was conveyed to the Federal military post at Fayette, \nand Captain Rives Leonard, of the 9thCavah-y, M. S. M., was sent out \nwith a detachment to capture or disperse the Confederates. At Colum- \nbia he was joined by a detachment of Captain Carey\'s company of the \n3d M. S. M. Making his way into the township, Captain Leonard \nreached Rockbridge mills. Here some of his men broke into McCona- \nthy\'s distillery and got drunk. From the mills the command marched \nto the residence of Mrs. Edwards, near Nashville church. On the \nroad from the mills to Mrs. Edwards\' Leonard\'s men overtook Mr. \nJames Harrington, a citizen of the township, and shot and killed him. \nThe Federals claimed that as soon as Mr. Harrington saw them he ran \nand refused to obey the command to halt ; that he was chased some \ndistance and fired at several times, but would not stop, and at last re- \nceived the fatal bullet. Captain Leonard further represented that he \n\n\n\n624 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntook Mr. Harrington and some others of his neighbors with whom he \nwas in company to be a portion of the Confederate command he was \nexpecting every minute to encounter, and that their conduct in pre- \ncipitately retreating confirmed him in his belief. The truth was, Mr. \nHarrington, although a strong Southerly man, was not a Confederate. \nHe was a very exemplary gentleman and a universally respected citi- \nzen. Whether killed by accident or design, his death was greatly to \nbe deplored. Leonard\'s men committed serious outrages on this raid. \nThey caught Mr. Wra. Grooms, who was riding along the road, and, \ntaking him for a bushwhacker, as they said, hung him up to a tree, \nbut he was rescued before he was seriously injured. At Mrs. Ed- \nwards\' several citizens were attending a public sale. Of these Samuel \nOlds, Benjamin F. Orear, Bradford Lanhorn, and J. S. B. Douglass \nwere made prisoners and cruelly maltreated, being beaten over the \nhead with muskets and knocked about with great brutality. The pris- \noners were not carried away. \n\nAfterward Captain Leonard came upon the Confederates and had a \nshort but sharp skirmish w^ith them. Some men were wounded on \nboth sides, but nobody killed. The Confederates, being mdifferently \narmed, and generally without experience, were soon completely routed \nand driven away in great confusion. After the skirmish the Federals \nreturned to Fayette by way of Columbia. \n\nIn 1863 a company of Federal cavalry from Jefierson City raided \nthe lower portion of this township. They were commanded by an \nofficer remembered as Capt. White. This company visited the resi- \ndence of Wm. T. Nevin, a returned Confederate soldier, near Bur- \nlino-ton. Nevin was taken out and shot, his house burned, and many \narticles of his personal property carried away. His father was made \nprisoner, as was Mr. John Sappington. ^ Other^citizens of the neigh- \nborhood were also arrested. The Federals claimed that Nevin was a \nnotorious bushwhacker, and that his house was a rendezvous for bush- \nwhackers, guerillas, thieves, and robbers. \n\nIn 1863, near the northeast corner of the township, in Callaway \ncounty, but near the Boone line, and near the Columbia line also, John \nTrio-o- was shot by some of the Ninth M. S. M. He was in a camp of \nConfederates that were routed that morning by the militia, who were \nled by Gen. Guitar. The skirmish is noted elsewhere. \n\nIn the year 1864, John C. McCall, a Confederate, was shot by Ste- \nphen O\'Connor, at a point about four miles south of Ashland. \n\nIn the fall of 1864, Ellington Fofd, said to have been a peaceful cit- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 625 \n\nizen and a reputable man, was shot b}^ a soldier belonging to Ciipt. \nCarey\'s company of Federals.^ The killing was done by the roadside, \nand, so far as known, was wholly unprovoked and unextenuated. \n\nOther tragic episodes during tlie war were the shooting of Tilman \nVaughn, a Union man, by the bushwhackers, and the killing of a rob- \nber who attempted to rob P. H. Mellon, Esq. The latter shot the \nmiscreant and killed him instantly. \n\nAbout the 1st of September,- 1864, Mr. Franklin Harris was return- \ning home from Providence, when, in a secluded place on the road, he \nwas halted and fired on from the brush, a ball taking effect in his neck \nand making a dangerous wound. \n\n8kirmish at Stonesport, Ceda?\' Township. \xe2\x80\x94 About 10 o\'clock on \nthe night of May 22, 1862, information was received at Claysville by \nCol. Guitar, near which place he was then camped, with a detachment \nof his regiment, that a party of Confederates were crossing the river \nnear the mouth of Bonne Femme creek. Preparations were at once \nmade to circumvent and capture them. Three squads, one led by \nCapt. Leonard, one by Lieut. McKinsey, and a third by Col. Guitar \nin person, accompanied by Lieuts. Ross and Kemper, marched by dif- \nferent routes to the objective point. About daylight the Confederate \noamp was surprised, and the men fled in every direction, throwing \naway blankets, guns, and what else might impede their flight. In the \nskirmish Col. Guitar and his men captured eight men and nine horses. \nAmong the captured was D. B. Cunningham, who was armed with a \ncarbine. \n\nMISCELLANEOUS. \n\nThe first brick building in Cedar township was put up by Perry \nSpencer in 1839, on the southwest quarter of section 26, township 46, \nrange 13. It is still standing, and is occupied by his son. A fine \nstone dwelling house was put up by P. H. Mellon, Esq., about half a \nmile below Claysville, some time between 1855 and 1860. It is a fine \nstructure, and cost several thousand dollars. \n\nRelics. \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Whitfield (s.e. 2-46-12) has in his possession a watch \nwhich bears evidence of having been manufactured in the year 1616. \nMrs. Tabitha Wren, widow of the pioneer preacher, Berryman Wren, \nhas a primer which she purchased in 1804, and several other interest- \ning relics. Mrs. S. A. Carter (s. e. 14-45-12) has a queensware pepper- \nbox over one hundred years old. It has a hole in the bottom in which \n\n\n\n1 Believed to have been a company of the 3d M. S. M., on a hunt for horses. \n40 \n\n\n\n626 > HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nto put the pepper, and this hole is stopped with a cork. The top i& \nnot removable, but perforations are made therein through which the \npepper is sifted as wanted. \n\nWhen Dr. Robert Martin had iust returned from a medical coUesfe \nwith his " sheepskin," a waggish farmer sent for him in great haste \nto come and set " a broken leg." Arriving at the farmer\'s house, the \ndoctor found that the broken limb belonged to a deer-hound. Not \ndisconcerted, he set to work, reduced the fracture, did a good job, and \nthe animal was soon well again. The farmer laughed right heartily at \nthe young doctor for a time, but a few days thereafter Dr. Martin pre- \nsented and collected his bill for his services, amounting to $50. Then \nthe doctor laughed ! \n\nThe first steamboat that came up the Missouri with a steam whistle \nattached blew its loudest, most discordant notes at a point opposite \nthe lower part of Cedar township. An old pioneer who heard the \nfearful noise called out to his wife : "\' Old woman, hurry up and wash \nand dress the children \xe2\x80\x94 quick/ That was sartinly old Gabriel, tootin\' \nhis horn ! Git ready \xe2\x80\x94 git ready ! " \n\nAbout ten years ago a small dog, belonging to L. P. Jones, was ac- \ncidentally shut up in Mt. Pleasant church, where it remained without \nfood or drink for one month, lacking two days. Upon being released,, \nit was fed, and soon after died. \n\nIn early days the Cedar township small boys, now old men, bearded \nand o-ray, frequently indulged in the sport of rolling rocks from the top \nof the blufi\'s down into the river. Sometimes a sharp-pointed rock would \nstrike a tree, and the point would be broken off in the tree. In process \nof time the fragments would be overgrown, and it is said that there is \nmany a tree along the foot of the bluffs with a stone imbeddedin it. \n\nRemarhahle Men. \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Loyd Austin, who resides on section 10, \ntownship 47, range 13, is doubtless the oldest living person born in \nCedar township. Mr, Austin is sixty-three years of age, having been \noorn in 1819. Jonathan Nichols (n. e. 14-46-12) is reported as pos- \nsessing two peculiarities. He is an old bachelor, and is always to be \nfound at home, although a stout, active old man. Living less than \ntwo miles from Ashland, he has not been to that town for twelve years, \nand he never saw a railroad in his life. Mr. Leopard, of Claysville, \nexhibits wonderful skill as a wood-carver. He is a native of Boone \ncounty, and a shoemaker by trade. Quite a number of canes made \nand carved by him are to be found throughout the county. Eev. Sam- \nuel Ott, who came to Boone county with his father in 1826, has been \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 627 \n\nmarried four times, and is the father of seventeen children. His last \nmarriage was in March, 1882. Mr. Ott is sixty-five years of age. As \nndicated, he is a minister of the gospel, and obeys literally the com- \nmand to " multiply and replenish." \n\nWhile the representative of the publishers of this volume was at his \nwork of collecting historical facts for the history of this township, he \nfrequently stopped and consulted a township map which he carried \nwith him. In the neighborhood southeast of Ashland he was ob- \nserved to have frequent recourse to his map, and was seen poring over \nit in divers odd places. A report was current that " the man with \nthe map " was none other than Frank James, the noted bandit, figur- \ning and mapping out a predatory campaign ! The same representa- \ntive sought a second interview with S. W. Warren, to re-obtain some \ninformation which had been lost, but, owing to certain pi\'essing busi- \nness engagements of Mr. Warren, an interview was wholly impractica- \nable at the time. \n\nDr. J. T. Rothw^ell, now of Ashland, claims to have been the first \nmerchant at Burlington. He occupied the store-room now owned and \nused by J. W. Taggart. \n\nSuicides. \xe2\x80\x94 Among those who deemed life a burden too grievous to \nbe borne, and who have disregarded the canon of the Almighty \nagainst self-slaughter, may be mentioned Samuel Walkup, who hung \nhimself near Burlington, in the year 1879, and Mrs. Anna Perkins, \nwife of Michael Perkins, who threw herself into Bonne Femme creek, \na year so after Walkup died, and was drowned. It is alleged that \nslanderous reports, circulated by her neighbors against her character, \nworked upon Mrs. Perkins\' feelings and so aff\'ected her mind that she \nbecame distracted, and, while in this condition, she took her own \n. life. \n\nCOUNTRY CHURCHES NASHVILLE BAPTIST CHURCH. \n\nThe historian stands indebted to John M. Edwards, clerk of the \nNashville church, for the facts appearing in this outline. \n\nThe local name and denomination is the " United Baptist Church \nof Nashville," and it is situated in section 26, township 47, range 13. \nMore exact dates of this church have been secured than of most any \nother. It was organized April 22d, 1834, and the first church build- \ning was erected in 1845, and was a log edifice, which answered the \ncongregation for a meeting-house for several years. The charter \nmembers of this church were : James Cunningham and Susan, his wife ; \nJohn H. and Lydia Baker ; Willis Baker ; Kobert and Catherine Bar- \n\n\n\n628 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, \n\nnett ; Gilpin and Sarah Tuttle ; Stephen and Winna Jackson ; James \nand Margaret Dunn ; Catherine A. Dunn (now wife of Israel Winfrey, \nand the only surviving original member) ; Jacob and Frances Kuy- \nkendall, and Maria, a negro slave of James Cunningham. In 1871, \nthe present house was built, a frame structure, which cost $1,500. \nElder H. Wright preached the first sermon, and the following have \nserved the church as pastors : John Grunhalds, W^m. H. Duvall, S. H. \nFord, P. H. Steinberger, John M. Black, George D. Todd, \nJ. M. Robinson, J. T. M. Johnston, J. M. Robinson (again \nfrom \'63 to \'65), W. J. Patrick, J, M. Robinson (again in \n\'67), William Clark, Jas. C. Woody, John M. Willis, Wm. \nR. Wigginton and John Palmer, the latter being the present pastor \nin charge. This church has a flourishing membership of about 160 \ncommunicants. After the organization, and prior to the erection of \na church house, the members and pastors met for worship at private \nhouses, the neighbors being always ready and willing, and alwaj\'-s felt \nhonored when \' \' meetin\' \' \' was held at their house. From such a nucleus \nhas sprung the now prosperous and successful church of Nashville. \n[See history of defunct village of Nashville.] \n\nRICHLAND CHAPEL ( METHODIST). \n\nThe exact date of organization has not been obtained, but it was \nsometime in the semi-decade of 1845 to 1850, J. H. Griffin, Rebecca \nGriffin, Alex. Grindstaif and wife, Thomas Britt, Mary Britt, David \nCoonrod and wife, James Beel and wife, Mrs. Elizabeth Vandiver, Mrs. \nSarah Vandiver and Sam Couts were among the original members. \nThe first church-house used by this congregation was a frame building \nerected in 1855, near Burlington, at a cost of between $400 and $500. \nThe present building was built in Burlington (section 2, township \n45, range 13), and cost $1,000. It is a framed house, but ample for \nthe requirements of a house of God, seating and sheltering comfortably \nall who come there to worship. The present membership numbers \nabout 90. Among the worthy names of God-fearing men, who have \npreached to this congregation and served Richland Church as pastors, \nare the following : George Rich, A. P. Linn, Rev. Cope, B. F. John- \nson, William Penn, Joseph Dines, John Bell, WiUiam Jordan, Thomp- \nson Penu, Robert Jordan, Thomas De Moss, William Sartor, D. N. \nEpperson, J. F. Monroe, L. A. Smith, Robert White, W. T. Elling- \nton, C. W. CoUett, S. L. Woody, J. F. Shores and H. D. Graves. \nMany have been the " protracted meetings " held at this church, and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 629 \n\nmany " outpourings " of the Divine Spirit have here gladdened the \nhearts of old veterans in the army of the Lord. \n\nGOSHEN (baptist) CHURCH. \n\nThis church represents a body of Old School Baptists, and is situate \non section 26, township 46, range 13, in the municipal precinct of \nCedar. As nearly as has been ascertained, it was organized in about \n1830, with Berry Wren and wife, Isaac Wilcoxen and wife. Perry \nSpencer and wife, Richard Fulkerson and wife, Samuel Wilcoxen and \n\nwife, David Ott, Sr., and wife and Tumblestone and wife as \n\noriginal members. The first church-house was built the same year of \nits organization, but of what material, or at what cost, has not been \nascertained. The present structure was built in 1874-75, and cost \nabout $1,600. Berry Wren served here as preacher in charge till his \n\ndeath. He was succeeded by Musteen, and he by Frank Jenkins. \n\nMartin Doty, Howard Jackson, and G. M. Thompson followed in turn \ntill the present. This church belongs to the Bonne Femme Associa- \ntion, and claims a round membership of 110 communicants. The \nnumber of her members is good evidence of the fact that this, too, is \na prospeiuus church, and is doubtless bearing the colors of Emanuel \nvaliantly in this mundane struggle for celestial felicity. \n\nBETHEL CHURCH (MISSIONARY BAPTIST) \n\nIs located on section 1, township 47, range 13, on the road \nfrom Columbia to Providence. The organization is now about \n27 years old, the date of its organization being May 9th, 1855. \nThe original members were J. T. M. Johnston, Minerva T. \nJohnston, J. S. Johnston, Pauline Johnston, J. M. Willis, Electa \nWillis, Eliza K. Johnston, Mary A. Boatright, Wm. Harrington, \nElizabeth Harrington, Lycurgus P. Hickam, Cornelia A. Hickam, \nThomas Rucker and 14 or 15 others. The present church-house is \nthe one first built and was erected in October, 1857, at a cost of \n$1,500. Rev. J. M. Robinson was the minister who dedicated the \nchurch to the service of God. The names of pastors, that have served \nthe church, are the following: Rev. H. H. Buckner, in 1856; J. T. \nM. Johnston, 1857-8-9-60 ;j\\ T. Williams, 1862-3 ; J. M. Robinson, \n1864-5; J. T. M. Johnston, 1866-7-8; Nathan Ay ers, 1869-70; J. \nT. M. Johnston, 1871 ; J. S. Dingle, 1872-3; E. S. Dulin, 1874; W. \nR. Wigginton, 1875-6 ; G. L. Black, 1877-8 ; J. M. McGuire, 1879- \n80-1-2. The o-round on which this church stands was donated for \n\n\n\n630 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthat purpose by the Rev. J. T. M. Johnston who served the congrega- \ntion there for so many years. Rev. David Doyle was chosen moder- \nator in the constitution on the day on which it was adopted and estab- \nlished. Meetings are held every third Saturday and Sunday in each \nmonth. At this writing the membership is thirty-six, and the church \nis in good working condition. \n\nNEW SALEM BAPTIST CHURCH. \n\nA detailed history of this church, containing biographical mention \nof many of its members and pastors, has already been written by Dr. \nF. G. Sitton, and published complete in the Ashland Bugle. The \nhistory alluded to is much fuller and more complete than can be given \nspace in this volume ; but from the sketch kindly furnished by Dr. \nSitton, the historian condenses, and gives the following facts : \n\n" The Baptist church of Jesus Christ, at New Salem, was organized \non the 2d Saturday in November, 1828, at the house of Tyre Martin, \nby a Presbytery composed of Elders Greenlaugh and David Doyle. \nThe members had a joint letter of dismissal from Little Bonne Femme \nchurch for that purpose. The following named persons entered into \nthe organization : Shadrach Wren, Mosias Jones, Isaac Bates, Robert \nNichols, Jesse Nichols, Foster Sappington, Joseph Green, Tyre Mar- \ntin, S. B. Sappington, Joseph Peak, Green B. Sappington, Samuel \nWilcoxen, Squire Burnam, Foster Martin, Robert Jones, Isaac Wil- \ncoxen. Perry Spencer, Jane Bates, Elizabeth Wreu, Isabel Nichols, \nElizabeth Peak, Susan Nichols, Elizabeth Sappington, Rachel Martin, \nNancy Sappington, Mary Burnam, Rebecca Sappington, Elizabeth \nJones, Malinda Nichols, Milly Wilcoxen, Rebecca Wilcoxen, Jane \nGriggs, Mary Green, Mourning Martin, Elvira Sappington, and Mary \nWilcox." \n\nDr. David Doyle was chosen first pastor in December, 1828, and \nserved the church faithfully many years, assisted, after becoming old \nand infirm, by Eld. M. M. Modiset. In 1852, Rev. B. B. Black was \ncalled to the ministerial labors of this congregation and served one \nyear. He had been preceded by a gentleman of the same name. Rev. \nJohn M. Black, who served the church in 1849-50. Other pastors \nwho have served this church were W. H. Burnham, S. H. Ford and \nNoah Flood. \n\nThe first church was finished late in 1830, and was erected on land \nobtained from Peter Bass, northeast quarter of section 3, township \n46, rano-e 12, west. The original edifice was a small brick building, \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 631 \n\nand cost $335.29, besides labor and materials donated by the brethren. \nThis was enlarged in 1848 to snit the demands for room occasioned by \nthe growth of the congregation in numbers. It was done by taking \ndown the side walls and making it wider. This answered till 1877, \nwhen the present building, a large and elegant frame, was finished at \na total cost of $1,860;85, and dedicated by the Rev. Pope Yeaman, \nD.D. Twenty-two members were granted a joint letter of dismissal \nin September, 1858, for the purpose of forming the Mount Pleasant \nchurch, and in March, 1879, thirty-five were granted the same to form \nthe Ashland church. [See history of those churches]. Prior to the \nwar, New Salem had a number of colored members, who were always \nnnprofitable, and more so after emancipation. In 1866, the church \ntook action on the case under a series of resolutions introduced by \nGeorge Hubbard, and set them off into a separate congregation called \nthe African church of New Salem. \n\nNew Salem church has been called the " mother of preachers," \nhaving sent five young preachers into the ministry and ordained three. \nThe aggregate membership is approximately one thousand. The \ngreatest attained at any one time was in 1859, when the church roll \nshowed a membership of 470. Since then there has been a decrease, \nby death, removal, dismissal and forming new congregations, New \nSalem being the mother of churches as well as of preachers. With \nthis succinct outline this sketch must be closed, though material is at \nhand for one much fuller did the nature of this publication permit. \n\nLITTLE BONNE FEMME BAPTIST CHURCH \n\nIs located in the southern part of section 3, township 47, range 12 \n(Cedar Township), and is one of the oldest churches in the State, hav- \ning been organized in December, 1820, before Missouri was a State. \nA detail of the lono- and useful existence of this church and all the in- \ncidents connected with so remarkable an institution can not be given \nhere ; but a more condensed sketch will have to sufiice. The original \nmembers were David Doyle, Anderson Woods, Elizabeth Woods, \nJames Harris, Mourning Harris, Polly Harris, Elizabeth Kennon, \nJohn Maupin, Elias Elston, Matthew Haley, John Tuttle, Lazarus \nWilcox, Lucy Wilcox, James Wiseman, Thomas S. and Nancy Tuttle. \nThe first house was, of course, a log building, and was built in 1819, \nbefore there was a formal organization of the church. The present \nstructure, is a substantial brick house, and was erected in 1843 at a \n-cost of about two thousand dollars. The names of pastors that have \n\n\n\n632 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, \n\nserved the body of worshippers at Little Bonne Femme are David \nDojle, Anderson Woods, Kobert 8. Thomas, James Suggett, S. H. \nFord, Noah Flood, M. Modiset, T. C. Harris, J. M. Kobinson, John \nT. Williams, J. T. M. Johnston, (i. L. Black, J. M. McGuire, N. S. \nJohnston. The present membership is given at 80 souls, though, of \ncourse, that number is subject to constant increase or diminution. The \nchurch, so far as can be learned, is in fine working order and repre- \nsents an harmonious brotherhood, all working with an eye single to \nthe glory of the Master. \n\nMOUNT PLEASANT (UNITED BAPTIST) CHURCH \n\nWas first organized on the first Saturday in June, 1858, by the \nRev. P. H. Steamberger, who also became its first pastor. The \noriginal members were Mosias Jones, Sr., Mosias Jones, Jr., Joseph \nJones, Tyre Jones, Isabelle Slate, Euphamy Sappington, and other \nmembers, numbering twenty-three in all. They erected their church, \nwhich still serves as a place of meeting, in 1861. It is a frame build- \ning and cost about $800 besides labor and material donated by mem- \nbers. There was never any formal dedication services held, but by \nmutual consent was devoted, when finished, entirely to the service of \nthe Lord. P. H. Steamberger, James H. Tuttle, J. T. M. Johnston, \nWilliam Clark, A. H. Wright, G. L. Black, T. B. Nunelly, and J. S. \nParmer have served the church as pastors. \n\nBURLINGTON (BAPTIST) CHURCH \n\nIs located in the town of Burlington, and was organized in 1873, with \nThomas Tuttle and wife, James Roddy and wife, Mrs. Sallie Porter, \nMrs. G. W. Coonce, and Fayette Shull. It is a frame church, and \ncost between $700 and $800. It was dedicated by Rev. J. S. Parmer, \nHampton Wright and William Clark having served it as pastors \xe2\x80\x94 the \nfirst mentioned being the present preacher in charge. The member- \nship was never very large, numbering at this writing not exceeding \nfifteen. They have services the first Saturday and Sunday of each \nmonth. \n\nSOME SCHOOL HOUSES. \n\nChristian School House is situated on the southwest quarter of sec- \ntion 27, township 46, range 12. The site was donated by David Chris- \ntian. The first house was of logs, and was built by the citizens about \n1846. The present building is a frame, and was built three or four \nyears ago, at a cost of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 633 \n\nClardy ScJiool House is located on the northwest quarter of section \n12, township 45, range 12. It is a log building, and was erected in \n1869, being built by contributions from the citizens in labor and mate- \nrial. An average of six months of school is taught ; teacher\'s wages, \n$35 per month; average attendance per diem, 20. \n\nJones School House was built about twelve years ago by the citi- \nzens. School is taught half the year, the average daily attendance \nbeino[ about 30. \n\n\n\nTOWN OF ASHLAND. \n\nThis beautiful little inland city is located in one of the finest agri- \ncultural sections of Boone county, or even the State of Missouri, for \nthat matter. Its immediate situation is on the line between sections \n10 and 15, of township 46, range 12, the forest lying on the north, \nwest and south, the Two-Mile Prairie stretching up to the town limits \non the east. The country round is beautifully undulating, and no \nstranger can visit Ashland without being impressed with the fact that \nit would be a good place to live. The first house in the town was built \nby Peter Nichols, on the lot .now occupied by the residence of Mr. \nChristian. D. M. and A. M. Burnam erected the first store-house in \nJanuary, 1853, on what is now known as " Farmers\' Corner." The \nBurnams occupied the building on its completion, placing therein a \ngeneral merchandise stock. In the fall of the same year a business \nhouse was built by P. E. and VVm. A. Nichols, on the site where \nKeen\'s restaurant now stands. Other houses were soon added, and \nthe place began to take on the appearance of a village. For some \nyears it continued to grow and flourish, the fine farming country adja- \ncent demanding just such a market as Ashland afi\'orded. It was not \ntill May, 1877, however, that the town was incorporated as a city of \nthe fourth chiss. The first board of trustees were Eli Penter, J. W. \nGrannis, W. T. Nichols, John G. Wiseman, A. G. Payne \xe2\x80\x94 Wiseman \nbeing the chairman. R. C. Bowman had the honor of being the first \ncity marshal. The first sidewalk in the town was built in 1880. A \nlarge mill was erected in 1877, with " five run of stone " and a grind- \ning capacity of one hundred barrels per day, the flour being made by \npatent process. These mills are owned by the Ashland Mill Company, \nand cost over $20,000. The Farmers\' Bank was incorporated and \ncommenced business August 3d, 1881. The directors were Abner \nMartin, J. W. Johnston, R. E. Sappington, H. T.Wright, Peter Ellis, \n\n\n\n634 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSr., O. B. Thomas and Eli Penter, the latter bemg elected president, \nand Edward L. Dimmitt chosen cashier. The city board at this time \npresents the following names : Eli Penter, chairman ; T. W. Peck, \ntreasurer; W. R. Hopper, marshal ; D. L. McBride, B. P. Matthews, \nT. G. Tuttle, J. T. Rothwell, trustees, and W. J. Warren, city \nassessor. \n\nAt the town election in April, 1882, the citizens voted an appropria- \ntion of $3,000 for improving the streets. \n\nThe school building, a two-story frame edifice, was erected in 1859 \nby a company incorporated as the Ashland High School Association. \nIt was purchased by the district in 1871, and devoted to public school \npurposes. They employ two teachers, the principal at this writing \nbeing Prof. Buckmaster. The town also has a colored school, with an \nattendance of about tifty pupils. The town now has a population of \nabout five hundred, as it has grown since the census was taken in \n1880. \n\nAshland has two hotels, a livery, feed and sale stable, and several \nrestaurants, thus securing entertainment and comfort for man and \nbeast. The situation of the town generally, and on the gravel road \nfrom Columbia to Claysville specially, gives it a commercial prestige \nenjoyed by few inland towns of its size. Her shops and stores are \ntherefore thrifty, and her citizens of a hardy class, most of her busi- \nness men having come from the agricultural element originally, and \npossessed of that sturdiness that usually characterizes such a class. \nHer professional men, numbering two lawyers\' and several physicians, \nare as enterprising and successful as her merchants. The various \nchurches and lodges, of which Ashland has several, are historically \noutlined in the sketches given hereafter. One of the chief enterprises \nof this enterprising town is the well-known and iar-famed \n\nASHLAND STOCK SALES, \n\nA term used to signify a periodical convocation of live stock dealers \nat Ashland, to bu}^ and sell and " trade" horses, mules, cattle, etc. \nThese stock sales had their origin and conception in the fertile brains \nof W. H. Bass and J. W. Johnston, who may properly be said to \nfather the enterprise. In the fall of 1881, a company, called the \n"Boone County Stock Sales Company," was formed, with W. H. \nBass as superintendent and J. W. Johnston, secretary. The other \nmeml)ers of the board of directors were O. B. Thomas, George M. \nNichols, George Arnold, Peter Ellis, W. H. Thompson, Alex. Brad- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 635 \n\nford, W. S. Burnett, Thomas L. Bass and W. S. Maupin, with E,. S. \nMartin as treasurer. The first notices of sales were issued for No- \nTember 5, 1881, and have taken place regularly once a month suice \nthat time. The sale lots are located just north of the buildings on \nthe north side of the principal street, and are so systematically ar- \nranged as to be a model of convenience in handling stock before and \nafter selling. Mr. W. H. Bass, one of the originators of this scheme, \nwas so kind as to take the historian all through these yards and ex- \nplain their utility and convenience. Buyers and sellers come from \nother counties in Central Missouri to attend these sales, and much \nvaluable property of the kind changes hands at every sale. The sell- \ning is done principally by auction or outcry, Col. Worley, of Columbia, \nbeing the official auctioneer. \n\nASHLAND BUGLE. \n\nThe only paper published in the place is a Democratic weekly, \ncalled the Ashland Bugle^ edited by James L. Wilcox, who has issued \nit as a weekly since April 13, 1877. It was originally a monthly,- \nfounded by Eli Penter and J. W. Johnston, who began its publica- \ntion chiefly as an advertising medium, in 1875. [See biography of \nJ. L. Wilcox.] \n\nASHLAND RIOT. \n\nOne of the historic reminiscences of the usually peaceable town of \nAshland is what is known as the " Ashland riot," which occurred \nthere on election day, November the 4th, 1878. About four o\'clock \np. M., the streets were filled with negroes, many of whom were noisy \nand turbulent, from having imbibed too freely of bad liquor that al- \nways flows too freely on election days. The deputy marshal ordered \nthem to keep quiet, when one of the " nigs " replied with a most insult- \ning epithet, which naturally raised the anger of the officer, who, of \ncourse, seemed inclined to resent. Both negroes and whites became \ninvolved in the quarrel from this, and both sides armed themselves \n(most of them probably already supplied), in anticipation of trouble. \nThe conflict soon became general, and a negro named Harris is said \nto have fired the first shot, though the confusion was so great and \nthe excitement so intense that it is not certain as to who burnt the \nfirst powder. But it is certainly known that, for a short space of \ntime, the air was filled with flying rocks and whistling bullets ; and, \nstrauge as it may seem, no one killed or indeed very seriously hurt, \nthough several casualties of a minor sort occurred. The Ashland \n\n\n\n636 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nBugle, in its next issue, makes mention of the following : Jim \nHarris (colored) was shot in hip, and also received a scalp wound. \nAlex. Bass (colored), wounded in breast by pistol shot. Lowson \nGrey (colored, and reported to be one of the leaders of the riot), \nshot through the hand and in the back. A stray shot grazed the \ncheek of a daughter of Dr. R. S. Martin, who was standing in her \nfather\'s yard, listening to the band when the riot began. \n\nSECRET ORDERS MASONIC LODGE. \n\nAshland lodge, No. 156, A. F. and A. M., Avas instituted May 1st, \n1858, the dispensation bearing date of May 28th, 1859. F. G. Sitton \nwas the first master, and the other charter members were P. J. Ruff- \nner, E. M. Bass, J. S. Strode, Wm. H. Harris, John Grant, J. S. \nWinterbower, D. L. Sitton, R. S. Martin, H. Mr Strode, Theo. \nBrooks and J. B. Patten. The present officers are H. T. Wright, \nW. M. ; A. P. Nichols, S. W. ; John W. Sterne, J. W. ; E. Penter, \ntreasurer; W. P. Boqua, secretary; H. S. Baxter, S. D. ; William \nCrane, J. D. The present membership numbers ninety-three and is \nincreased from time to time by acquisitions of new members, the lodge \nbeing in a growing condition. They have a neat frame hall that cost \n$800, and the affairs of the order are in good shape. \n\nANCIENT ORDER UNITED WORKMEN. \n\nThe Ashland Lodge of A. O. U. W. No. 192, was instituted by O. J. \nMiller, the date of charter being June 26, 1880. The charter members \nwere J. W. Johnston, W. R. Hopper, H. T. Wright, John T. Rothwell, \nW. R. Stone, H. S. Baxter, Jas T. Mays, B. P. Matthews, Joe Bauman, \nS. H. Whitfield, A. J. Harrington, E. R. Westbrook, W. H. Bass, B. \nW. Sapp, J. A. Gates, E. M. Bass, W. H. Callaway, H. W. Whipple, \nW. P. Boqua, M. D. Matthews and Wm. S. Peak. The following \ngentlemen were the first officers: H. T. Wright, P. M. W. ; W. P. \nBoqua, M. W. ; W. T. Lemon, G. F. ; S. H. Whitfield, overseer ; W. \nJ. Warren, recorder ; W. R Hopper, financier ; Joe Bauman, recorder ; \nEli Nichols, guard ; J. A. Kerr, inside watchman ; William Blackburn, \noutside watchman. The number of present membership is 36. They \nown, as yet, no hall of their own, but use a rented room. Mr. H. T.- \nWright is delegate to the Grand Lodge. \n\nPATRONS OF HUSBANDRY. \n\nThe Ashland Grange, No. 533, P. of H., was instituted by J. R... \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 637 \n\nCordell, district deputy, and the date of their dispensation was July \n30, 1873, their charter being dated Decenber 23, 1873. A. G. Payne, \nMiles Forbis, James W. Edwards, R. V. Burnett, Milton Forbis, E. \nM. Bass, J. G. Jones, A. G. Martin, R. T. Bass, R. E. Sappington, \nJ. C. Wilcox, Mrs. Mary J. Martin, Mrs. Julia M. Bass and ten others \nwere the original and charter members. The first officers were as fol- \nlows : Master, A. G. Payne ; overseer, J. G. Jones ; chaplain, W. T. \nWaters ; steAvard, J. H. Sappington ; assistant steward, R. T. Bass ; \ntreasurer, James Edwards ; secretary, R. E. Sappington ; lecturer, E. \nM. Bass ; gate keeper, J, C, Wilcox. The present officers are : Mas- \nter, J. G. Jones; overseer, S. H. Whitfield; lecturer, R. V.Burnett; \nsteward, J. H. Sappington ; assistant steward, Eli Winterbower ; \nchaplain, William Coons ; treasurer, T. Christian; secretary, G. D. \nSappington ; gate keeper, J. H. Nichols ; Pomona, Mary B. Sapping- \nton ; Ceres, Susan E. Bager ; lady assistant steward, Celestine Guil- \nloze. The grange at this writing numbers a membership of fifty. \nThey use a rented hall, having never built a room in which to meet. \n\nASHLAND BAPTIST CHURCH. \n\nAs indicated by its name, this church is situated in the town of \nAshland, its immediate location being lot No. 1 of block No. 2 \nBroadway Street. The date of its organization was April 19, 1879, \nabout forty members being named on its charter roll. The church, \nwhich is a neat and commodious frame building, was erected in 1880, \nat a cost of about twenty-five hundred dollars. It was dedicated by \nthe Rev. Joseph C. Maple, in November, 1881. The names of the \npastors are Jonathan M. McGuire, who served the church a short \ntime after it was constituted, and Rev. E. D. Isbell, D. D., who suc- \nceeded Rev. McGuire, and is still the preacher in charge at this \nwriting. The present membership numbers seventy, and the church \nbids fair to be a power for good in the community. \n\nM. E. CHURCH (south) \n\nWas organized in 1854, the names of original members being \nJames Roberts, Sr., Thomas H. Roberts, Lawrence Bass, Edwin \nBass, Eli M. Bass, W. C. Maupin, Mrs. Elizabeth J. Maupin, George \nW. Dennis, Lewis Percell, Jacob Morris, Mrs. G. W. Dennis, Mrs. \nLewis Percell, Whitley Madden, Mary F. Martin, and William T. \nElliott. The first church building was a frame structure erected the \nsame year after the church was organized. The present building was \n\n\n\n638 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfinished in 1875, and is also a frame, the cost of which was fifteen; \nhundred dollars. It was dedicated in 1876 by John D. Vincil, D. D. \nThe present pastor is Kev. H. D. Groves. George W. Rich, A. P. \nLinn, William Penn and Samuel W. Cope were connected with the \noro:anization of this church. The historian was not furnished with \nsufficient statistics from which to make out a complete history of the \nchurch, but has done the best he could with the matter at hand. \n\nCHRISTIAN CHURCH. \n\nThis church was organized April 20, 1881. The elegant new church \nhouse is a frame structure erected in January, 1882, at a cost of twenty- \nfive hundred dollars, and was dedicated the same month by Rev. C. \nH. Hardin, of Mexico, Missouri. Rev. O. A. Carr, the present \npreacher in charge, is the first and only pastor the church has yet had. \nThe particular aim of Elder Carr and his congregation is the restora- \ntion of Apostolic Christianity in faith and practice, with no creed but \nthat " Jesus is the Christ, the son of the living God," and the Bible as \nthe only rule of faith and guide of action. The present membership \nnumbers fifty-two. Nothing is required as a test of fellowship but \nwhat the New Testament enjoins as necessary to pardon. \n\n\n\nPKOVIDENCE. \n\n\n\nThis village, which is situated on the Missouri, in section 20, of \ntownship 47, range 13, now contains several buildings, though, of \ncourse, is unincorporated. The first building erected there is the \nhouse now occupied by Dr. Riggs, and was built in 1844, by John \nParker, who put it up for a residence. The next house was a store, \nbuilt and occupied by Dr. Riggs, the same year, on the site now occu- \npied by Tuttle & Connelly. It was destroyed by fire, and replaced \nby the present building. James Wood next erected a stone store, \nand then came a saloon, on the site of the present one. Other build- \nings soon followed, and Providence became a village and post-office. \nG. S. Tuttle served as postmaster many years, and doled out the mail \nto the good people of Providence. At this time the place boasts of \ntwo general merchandise (Tuttle & Conley and R. A. Roddy & Co.), \none drug store (R. A. R. & Co.), and one grocery and liquor house \n(Frank Austeel). Bradford Lanham is the general mechanic and un- \ndertaker, and Robert Nivens plies the " art of Vulcan." \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 63^ \n\n\n\nNASHVILLE. \n\n\n\nOne among the first towns projected within the present limits of \nBoone comity was laid out in 1819, just below the present site of \nProvidence on a tract of land owned by Ira P. Nash, an eccentric \ngenius, who lived in that vicinity for many years, from whom it was \nnamed " Nashville." In 1820 Nashville contained a tobacco ware- \nhouse, kept by James Harris and Abraham J. Williams, a post-office \nand several other buildings. It at that time promised to be one of the \nlargest shipping points on the Missouri, and grew to be a place of some \nenterprise, when the treacherous river swept it away. \n\nOld Ira P. Nash was indeed an eccentric genius, as stated. He was \nquite wealthy, and it is said did many a generous deed. He was pug- \nnacious and would fight on small provocations. "At an early day he \nwas tried in the Boone County Circuit Court for fighting a duel. He \nwas convicted and fined $100. He was among the very first slaye \nowners in Boone County to manumit certain of his slaves. (See also \ngeneral history, pp. 147, 148). \n\n\n\nSTONE SPOET. \n\n\n\nThis is another of the defunct villages that once had " great expec- \ntations." Its site is a little over a mile above Claysville, on the Mis- \nsouri river, and it was laid out in 1836, by Asa Stone and William \nRamse}?", Peter Wright doing the surveying. Mr. Mark Sappington \nis authority for the statement that Mat West was the first merchant \nat Stonesport, and was there in 1830. At one time Stonesport stood \na good show of being selected as the capital of the great State of Mis- \nsouri, but the committee chose Jeff\'erson instead. \n\n\n\nBIOGEAPHIES. \nFRANCIS AUSTEEL. \n\nJoseph Austeel, father of Francis, was a native of Canada, and of \nFrench origin. His mother, Mary Grindstafi", was a native of Ken- \ntucky, but a resident of Boone county, Missouri, at the time of her \nmarriage. The subject of this sketch was born near Burlington, in \nCedar township, July 31, 1840. He is the oldest of a family of six \n\n\n\n640 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsons and five daughters, of whom three sons and four daughters are \nliving, all in Boone county. Mr. Austeel was reared in Boone county, \nwith the exception of a few years spent in Saline county, Missouri. \nIn 1866 he went into business at Providence, a small village on the \nMissouri river, situated in the upper corner of Cedar township, deal- \nino- in a^roceries and liquors, in which business he is still eno;ao;ed. \nPart of the time he has conducted a farm in connection with his other \nbusiness. He was married in Boone county, December 29, 1867, to \nMiss Fannie E., daughter of David Tooley, native of Illinois, but \nmore recently of Cooper county, Missouri. They have had three \nsons and two daughters. Two of their sons are dead. In 1864 he \nenlisted in Captain Webb\'s company, of Colonel R. C. Bradshaw\'s \nregiment, the 44th Missouri Infantry. He took part in the battle of \nFranklin, Tennessee, and was at Nashville, Spanish Fort and Mobile. \nHe served until the close of the war. He was corporal of Company \nE, during this campaign. \n\nWILLIAM BALDRIDGE. \n\nRobert Baldridge, the father of William, was a native of Kentucky, \nbut left that state Avith his parents when but five years old. They \ncame to St. Charles county in 1795. The father of William was \nmarried in 1809 to Miss Margaret Eybalt, a native of Kentucky. Robert \nBaldridge was a soldier in the war of 1812. He died December 3d, \n1865. Mrs. Baldridge died in Boone county. May 16th, 1878. Will- \niam was the sixth son and eighth child of a family of seven boys and \nfive girls, of whom three sons and two daughters are now living. One \nsister, Mrs. O\'Neil, lives in Boone county. William Baldridge was \nborn in St. Charles county, Missouri, February 26th, 1827. He re- \nmained on his father\'s farm until he was eighteen years old, when he \ncame to Boone county. He farmed for two years, then entered the \nshop of John Batterton, where he learned the carpenter\'s trade. After \nthree years\' apprenticeship, he commenced work for himself, and con- \ntinued the business until 1854. In 1855 he bought a farm on Dry \nRidge, which he cultivated until 1865. He sold the place in 1868 \nand removed to the farm where he now lives, seven miles northwest of \nAshland. Mr. Baldridge was married, November oOth, 1854, to Miss \nLouisa J. Dickey, a native of Kentucky, but a resident of Boone coun- \nty. They have five sons and four daughters, all of whom, except one \nson, are living. In the winter of 1862, the subject of this sketch en- \nlisted in the Confederate service, but did not go South until the summer \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 641 \n\niof 1863. He was a member of Capt. Twist\'s company, Dorsey\'s bat- \ntalion and Hindman\'s division. On the retreat from the Prairie Grove \nbattle, Mr. Baldridge was captured by the enemy and taken to Spriiig- \n:field and from there to Gratiot street prison, St. Louis. He was after- \nwards sent to City Point, Virginia, for exchange, which was effected \nJune 7th, 1863. Mr. Baldridge at once reported to his battalion at \nArkadelphia. He was detailed to remain at this post with the sick. \nHaving been transferred to Young\'s battalion, he was sent b}\'^ Gen. \nShelby to Boone county, for the purpose of recruiting a company. \nHe afterwards joined Mitchell\'s brigade, becoming a member of \nSearcy\'s battalion of sharp-shooters. He remained with this com- \nmand until the close of the war. He is a member of the Nashville \nBaptist church, also of the Nashville grange. \n\nJOHN GASPER BARGER. \n\nHenry Brown Barger, the father of John, was born near Sparta, \nWest Tennessee, June 12, 1803, and came to Boone county, Missouri, \nin 1819. He was married, February 26, 1826, to Phoebe Wilfley. He \ndied January, 1872. The subject of this sketch was born October 2, \n1828. Moved from Callaway county, Missouri, to Atchison county \nin 1858, where he lived for seven years, moving next to Moniteau \ncounty where he staid for two years, then to Boone where he has lived \never since. He was raised on the farm, but learned the carpenter\'s \ntrade. Farming is now his chief occupation. Was married, Decem- \nber 25, 1855, to Miss Harriet, daughter of Philip and Sarah Barger. \nOne child was born of this marriage, Sarah Jane, now dead. Was \nmarried the second time, March 28, 1858, to Miss P. A. Eoads, \ndaughter of Thomas and Nancy Roads. She died April 23, 1864. \nThree children were born of this marriage, two of whom are now liv- \ning, Harriet Ann, and John William. Mr. Barger was married the \nthird time, March 11, 1866, to Miss Elizabeth S., daughter of Jesse \nand Jane (Wilfley) Nichols. They have no children by this marriage. \nMr. and Mrs. Barger are both members of the Baptist church at Mt. \nPleasant. They are also members of the grange, of which he was \nmaster for two years. Mr. Barger is a member of the Masonic lodge \nat Ashland. He makes a specialty of growing all kinds of fruits. He \nwas first to introduce the English gooseberry, and has paid as high as \nthree dollars for a single pear tree. He has about two hundred \napple trees, and four hundred peach trees, and small fruits almost \nwithout number. His farm is situated in the northeast quarter sec- \n41 \n\n\n\n642 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntion 33, township 46, range 12. He possesses a relic of the last \ncentury, a die and bolt for cutting wooden screws, which his father \nbrought from Tennessee in 1819. \n\nELIAS BARNES. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Benjamin Barnes, a native \nof Kentuclcy, and, with one exception, the only citizen of Boone, \nnow living, who came to this county in 1817. He is now eighty-five \nyears old. The mother of Elias Barnes was Lucretia Simms, who \ncame to Missouri when a child. Elias was born June 15, 1839. He \nwas the seventh son and tenth child of his father\'s family. He was \nraised on the farm entered by his father soon after his arrival in \nBoone county, and was educated at the common schools of his neigh- \nborhood. He remained with his father until 1864 when he enlisted in \nthe Confederate army, joining Captain Strode\'s company, of \nSearcy\'s regiment, in which he served until the close of the war. He \nwas in Price\'s raid and took part in all the battles fought on the re- \ntreat from Independence to Cane Hill. After the close of the war he \nWas a member of the home guard at Columbia for several months. In \nthe fall of 1865 he went to work on the farm owned by Mrs. K. Fort- \nney. July 29, 1867, he was married to Miss Lou, daughter of Mrs. \nK. Fortney, who is still living at the advanced age of eighty-seven \nyears. In the winter of 1870 he came to the farm where he now lives, \nin sections 6 and 7, township 47, range 12. He has always followed \nthe occupation of a farmer. They have one daughter, Cannabel. \n\nLAWRENCE BASS. \nf \n\nThe subject of this biographical sketch is the son of George P. and \nSusan (Wiseman) Bass. He was born on the old Wiseman place, \nJanuary 22, 1830. He is one of a family of eleven children \xe2\x80\x94 nine \nsons and two daughters \xe2\x80\x94 of whom five sons and two daughters are \nnow living. When a small boy his parents removed from the old \nhome, in the vicinity of Ashland, to a farm in Howard county, where \nLawrence lived and labored until seventeen years of age. The next \nthree years were spent in learning the saddlery business, but not liking \nthe trade, he has never followed it. In the spring of 1850 Mr. Bass \nstarted for California by the overland route, reaching his destination \nin the month of July following. He remained in California and Ne- \nvada until 1875, making several business trips East, at one time bring- \ning with him from Colorado a herd of 2,000 cattle. Wliile in the West \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 645 \n\nhe was actively engaged in freighting, mining, and trading in stock. \nIn the spring of 1876 he moved to the A. E. Ellis farm, where he now \nresides. He is a member of the firm of Bass, Johnston, Brooks & \nHarris, Ashland. The firm is known as the Trade Centre. They \nhave a branch store at Guthrie, in Callaway county. Mr. Bass is also \na member of the Ashland Mill Company ; also a stockholder in the \nAshland Bank, and one of the directors. He was one of the origi- \nnators of the Boone county stock sales. He has been an extensive \nsheep-raiser, having large flocks in Texas. His experience in business \nis of wider range perhaps than that of any other capitalist or trader \nin his locality.\' Mr. Bass was married November 17, 1870, to Miss \nSallie Ellis, only daughter of A. E. Ellis, of Boone county. They \nhave had three children \xe2\x80\x94 two sons and one daughter \xe2\x80\x94 of whom only \none, the youngest son, is living. Mr. Bass has had many adventures \nduring his extensive travels, the most thrilling of which perhaps was \na shipwreck off the coast of British Cohimbia in 1858. The vessel was \na total wreck. Mr. Bass and several others escaped in an open boat. \nHe is an affable gentleman, kind and courteous in his manners, and is \njustly honored and esteemed by all who know him. \n\nELIJAH BOOTHE. \n\nElijah Boothe is the son of Elijah and Sarah (Woods) Boothe, and \nwas born about 1839, near Lexington, Kentucky. His parents came \nto Missouri and settled near Harrisburg, Boone county, Missouri, when \nElijah was about one year old. His mother died in 1847, and his \nfather in 1849. When Elijah was twelve or thirteen years of age he \nstarted with two mules, one to ride and one for a pack animal, for Cali- \nfornia, and with the exception of a few days made, the trip alone. He \nhad two brothers there and went out in search of them. He worked \nin the mines and freio;hted o^oods from Los Ano-eles to Texas. He \nwas poisoned while working in the mines by striking a spring contain- \ning corrosive sublimate. His hair came out three times, and the last \ntime it grew it was perfectly white. He appears to be at least sixty \nyears of age, but is young yet and vigorous. When out in the " dig- \ngings " he says he only saw a white man once a 3^ear, during his \nlong stay in the West. He took passage on a vessel for some island \nbelonging to some English colonists, and prospected for about six \nmonths. Then he went to Australia and was there for about four \nmonths, being gone, in all, a little over a year. He states that when \nhe first reached Sacramento he was so small that he could not procure \n\n\n\n644 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwork, and almost starved to death. At last, after a four years\' search, \nhe found his brothers. He came home about five years ago, and \nstopped a short time near Kocheport. His oldest brother, David H. \nBoothe, was a fiirmer in the Western part of Boone county, and died \nrecently. One brother, -William, is living in Columbia. Elijah came \niDack to Missouri over the old overland stage route with five horses. \nHe has had a world of ups and downs in life, and his descriptions of \nplaces and things he has seen is truly wonderful. He has a chair fac- \ntory and blacksmith shop on the southwest quarter of section 20, \ntownship 45 and range \xe2\x80\x94 , established in 1879. He makes good, \nsubstantial chairs, which he sells to all the neighboring towns. He is \nan Odd Fellow, but is not at present connected with any lodge. He \nwas a charter member of five lodges in California. \n\nD. A. BRADFORD. \n\nDaniel Alexander Bradford is the son of Austin Bradford, a native \n\xe2\x96\xa0o\xc2\xa3 Virginia, who came to Boone county in 1836, and to the farm upon \nwhich Alexander now lives in 1837. His mother was Lavinia Hume, \nalso a native of Virginia. The elder Bradford was married in Ken- \ntucky. The subject of this sketch was born on the farm upon which \nhe now resides, April 21st, 1842. He is the third son and seventh \nchild of a family of three boys and five girls, all of whom are living. \nWith the exception of a few years he has spent his life on the old home \nplace. He was educated at Bonne Femme Academy and at the State \nUniversity. He is a farmer, and is largely interested in the breeding \nof thoroughbred cattle. He was married in Boone county, November \n24th, 1863, to Miss Harriet E., daughter .of Eollin Lyman. They \nhave had two sons and four daughters, all living except one daughter. \nMr. Bradford is a member of the Columbia lodge of I. O. O. F. \n\nMAJOR WM. W. BRYAN. \n\nThe venerable subject of this sketch is a native of Bryan\'s Station, \nKentucky, and was brought by his widowed mother from that State to \nMissouri in the fidl of 1827, and has lived in Boone county most of \nhis life. In early times he attended school at the now defunct, but \nthen famous "Bonne Femme" Academy. In 1832 he was sent by \nCapt. Hickman on a business trl^D to Northwest Missouii, on which he \nwas gone six months. When not engaged in handling stock. Major \nBryan worked on the farm, and in his time has done much of that \n\xe2\x96\xa0kind of invigorating labor. His title was acquired during the Mormon \n\n\n\n\nMAJ. WILLIAM W. BRYAK. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 645 \n\nwar, he being a Major in Col. Gilmore\'s regiment in the campaign \nagainst the " Latter-day Saints." In 1848 Major Bryan was clerk in \nLamme & Bryan\'s store at Nashville. He also did business for John \nH. Bryan & Co.\'s paper-mill, distillery and pork packing establish- \nments throughout the Southern States. He became captain of the \nsteamer "Warsaw" in \'41, and in \'47 was principal clerk in D. S. \nLamme\'s commission house, on Water street, St. Louis. He became \nagent for the United States bank in 1849, attending to the affairs of \nthat concern in three States, being constantly immersed in a sea of \nbusiness for twenty years, during which he obtained one judgment \nfor the bank of $369,000. The manuscript of the concern was sold \nto the paper-mill when its affairs were wound up, and weighed eighty- \nfour tons. He has spent five winters on his land in Dallas, Texas. \nAt this writing he resides on the Peter Bass mill tract, in Cedar town- \nship. He is quite robust in health, and even yet can do any kind of \nhard labor. During the civil war, he was a Washington Union man\xc2\xbb \nbut never a Lincoln man. Major Bryan was never married. He has \nnever asked an office of the people, never engaged in a lawsuit of his \nown, and all throug-h his useful and eventful life never asked anv- \nthing but even-handed justice from any man, nor would he ever have \nless. He has done a great deal of business for others, and his record \nis one of which he is not ashamed, but on the contrary, is as justly \nproud as are his many friends. \n\nE. C. BURNETT. \n\nEdward Camplin Burnett was born in Boone county, October loth, \n1838. He is the son of Dabney and Elizabeth (Ramsey) Burnett, \nnatives of Kentucky. Mrs. Burnett was the daughter of Capt. Ram- \nsey, an associate of Daniel Boone\'s in the early settling of Kentucky. \nThe parents of Edward Burnett first settled in St. Charles county. In \n1825 they came to Boone and settled on a farm one and one-half miles \nnorth of Ashland, where the elder Burnett died in 1845. On this farm \nthe subject of this sketch was born. He was the fourth son and ninth \nchild of a family of seven boys and four girls. Was educated at the \ndistrict schools of his otvn neighborhood. In the spring of 1859 went \nto Colorado, and the year following to New Mexico, remaining three \nmonths in Santa Fe. He remained in the West until the fall of 1868^ \nvisiting Montana, Arizona, Utah, Idaho and Oregon. Returned to the \nold farm, where he has since lived, except during the year 1871, which \nwas spent on another farm. He is an official member of the New Sa- \n\n\n\n646 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlem Baptist church, also of the Ashland Lodge of A. F. & A. M. He \nwas married October 13th, 1870, to Miss Sarah E. Eice, a native of \nBoone county, the daughter of David Rice, who emigrated from Ken- \ntucky to this county in 1819. They have had four children, one son \nand three daughters, of whom only the three daughters are living. \n\nR. V. BURNETT. \n\nRobert V. Burnett is the son of Joseph Burnett, a native of Virginia. \nHe removed to Kentucky and from thence to Ohio, finally coming \nto Missouri in 1820. He settled first in Howard county, but soon re- \nmoved to the place known as Burnett\'s ford, on Cedar creek, where \nhe remained until his death in 1853. His wife was Mary Ann Leopard, \na native of Kentucky and pioneer settler of Missouri. He built one \nof the first mills ever erected in Boone county. Robert V. was born \nDecember 6, 1837. He was the second son and second child of a \nfamily of four boys and one girl, of whom only Robert and one brother \nare now living. He remained on the farm until the spring of 1854, \nwhen he commenced working at his trade, that of stone mason. He \nentered the Confederate service August 14, 1861, under Captain John \nM. Robinson. In December, 1861, he was transferred to a company \nof 1st Missouri Infantry under Colonel Burbridge. Was re-organized \na,nd put under Colonel Cockerill as the 2nd regiment after battle of \nShiloh. Mr, Burnett belonged to this command until he left the ser- \nvice, January 2, 1865. He took part in the battles of Lexington, \nBaker\'s Creek, Champion Hills, Big Black River and Vicksburg. \nDuring the siege he threw a thirty-two pound shell among a party of \nFederal soldiers who were underminino-the Confederate works, beins: \nthe first man to throw b}^ hand a shell with lighted fuse attached. \nAfter the surrender and while on the way to the place where they \nwere to be paroled, he left the line to get som-ething to eat and was \ncaptured by the enemy and held a prisoner of war. Was kept two \nweeks at St. Louis and from there sent to Camp Morton, Indianapolis, \nwhere he remained until near the close of the war when he was re- \nleased and allowed to return home. In the fall of 1873 he bought and \nmoved to the farm upon which he now lives, one-half mile north of \nAshland. He was married in Boone county, April 25, 1865, to Miss \nMartha Martin, daughter of John P. Martin. Has had four sons and \ntwo daughters, of whom the three oldest, two sons and one daughter, \ndied within the space of fifteen days of diphtheria. Mr. Burnett is a \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 647 \n\nmember of the Baptist church, and of the grange. He was delegate \nto the State grano;e in 1881-2. \n\nJ. W. CONLEY. \n\nJames William Conley was born in Cedar township, Boone county, \nMissouri, March 18, 1848. He is the son of Benjamin Conley, a \npioneer settler and one of the largest land holders in the county. \nHis mother was a native of Kentucky. He is the youngest of a \nfamily of five sons and five daughters, of whom three of each sex are \nliving, all in Boone county. He lived on the farm upon which he was \nborn until the fall of 1875, when he removed to the place upon which \nhe now resides. His farm consists of 800 acres of excellent land finely \nimproved. It is situated three and*^one-half miles northeast of Ash- \nland and fifteen miles southeast of Columbia. He is largely engaged \nin stock raising and has some very fine thoroughbred cattle. He was \nmarried in St. Louis, April 29, 1878, to Miss Abbie S. Terry, daugh- \nter of Thomas J. Terry, of the firm of Terry, Hodson & Co. Has \nhad one son and one dauofhter. The son, alone, is living. \n\nWILLIAM HENRY CDRTRIGHT. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a son of Henry and Elizabeth Curt- \nright, the former of whom was born, lived and died in Kentucky, \nwhile the mother was a native of Maryland, though reared in Ken- \ntucky. William was born on his father\'s farm in Bourbon county, \nKentucky, July 2d, 1825. He was the third son and fifth child of a \nfamily of five boys and three girls, and was reared and educated i)i \nhis native State. He came to this State ^.nd county in 1852, and \nlocated on the farm where Bonne Femme church now stands, and has \nresided there ever since. Mr. Curtwright has been an extensive stock \ntrader, and his operations in this particular have been in difiierent \nparts of the land. He is still an importer and breeder of fine cattle. \nOn October 2, 1857, he was married to Miss Catherine Jenkins, a \nnative of Kentucky, and daughter of Theodore Jenkins, of Boone \ncounty. They have had two sons and one daughter, the latter of \nwhom died in childhood. Mr. Curtright owns a very fine stock farm \nof 382 acres, six miles from Columbia, on the gravel road to Ashland. \nThe first owner of this place was Col. McClelland, who settled it and \nsold to Mr. Theodore Jenkins, from whom Mr. Curtright got the \nownership. \n\n\n\n648 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nEDWARD L. DIMMITT. \n\n\n\nMr. Dimmitt was born at Liberty, Clay county, Missouri, June 3d,. \n1849. His father, St. Clair Dimmitt, was a gentleman of French \ndescent, and a native of Virginia, and his wife, Edward\'s mother, was \nborn in Ohio. Edward L. received the elementary part of his educa- \ntion in the public schools of Liberty, and completed his course at \nWatson\'s Seminary in Ashley, Pike county, leaving school for busi- \nness life in 1867. He then enofaged in the drus; business in the em- \nployment of his brothers in St. Louis, remaining with them until \n1873. During the first and second years of that time he attended \nlectures at a school of pharmacy. In 1873, he came to Columbia, in \nthis county, and engaged in the drug business under the firm name of \nB. & E. L. Dimmitt. In June, 1874, he became a senior partner of \nthe firm of Samuel & Strawn. From January, 1879, until July, 1881, \nhe was book-keeper in the Exchange National Bank. At the latter \ndate he accepted the position of cashier of the Farmers\' Bank of Ash- \nland, to which place he removed in September of the same year, and \nof which he has since been a resident. \n\nSeptember 10, 1872, Mr. Dimmitt was married to Miss Betty R. \nSamuel, daughter of John M. Samuel, a well-known citizen of thi& \ncounty. Five children have been born to them, four of whom, two \nboys and two girls, are now living. \n\nMr. D. has been a member of the Presbyterian church since 1865. \nHe is a member of the A. O. U. W., the National Temperance Relief \nUnion, and of the Good Templars. He was a delegate to the Grand \nLodge of the latter order at Hannibal, in 1870, and at the session at \nColumbia, in 1880. He has held all of the offices in the subordinate \nlodge. In 1875 and 1876 he published The Golden Age, a temper- \nance paper, at Columbia. Theodore Tilton claimed that the name of \nthis journal was an infringement on that of his own of the same name \npublished in New York. Mr. Dimmitt investigated the matter and^ \nfinding that Tilton had no copyright, procured one himself, and then \ncalled on the distinguished sentimentalist to discontinue the publica- \ntion of his New York Golden Age. \n\nDR. DAVID DOYLE. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was one of the pioneer preachers of the \n"VYest, uniting within himself the qualifications of a minister and a \nphysician. His opportunities for doing good were varied and exten- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 649 \n\nsive, and he discharged his whole duty to his fellow-man in the most \ncheerful and acceptable manner, leaving behind a memory of good \nworks that will ever survive him. He came to Cedar township in \n1818, being among the first settlers of that portion of Boone \ncounty. He was born in Rutherford county, North Carolina, and it is \nsaid that he commenced preaching before he was nineteen years \nold. He also commenced the practice of medicine at an early age. \nIn the month of December, 1819, he with fifteen others met at the \nhouse of Anderson Woods for the purpose of founding a church, and \nwere there and then constituted into what has since been known as the \nLittle Bonne Femme Baptist church. He was pastor of New Salem \nBaptist church for twenty-nine years, having been chosen December \n2d, 1828. He died of typhoid fever, July 29th, 1859. The congre- \ngation at New Salem erected a handsome monument over his grave as \ntestimony of their great love for him as a man and their high appre- \nciation of his services as a minister. \n\nPETER ELLIS, DECEASED. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Botetourt county, Virginia, \nApril 1, 1778. He went with his father\'s family to Greenbrier \ncounty, and thence to Hawkins county, Tennessee. In 1800 he went \nto the Scioto Salt Works, and from there to St. Louis, which was then \nunder Spanish rule. He was married on a sand bar near St. Charles, \nto Miss Eleanor Patterson, a Catholic priest officiating. Mr. Ellis moved \nto Boone county in 1818, where he lived until his death, January 27, \n1849. They had ten children \xe2\x80\x94 six sons and four daughters \xe2\x80\x94 several \nof whose biographies appear in this volume. \n\nJOHN ELLIS. \n\nJohn Ellis is the oldest son and second child of Peter and Eleanor \n(Patterson) Ellis. He was born in St. Louis county, Missouri, De- \ncember 10, 1805, and came with his parents to Boone county in 1818. \nHe was educated at the Bonne Femme Academy, completing his studies \nin 1828; was married March 17, 1831, to Catharine Doyle, oldest \ndaughter of Dr. David Doyle. He then moved to a farm adjoining \nhis father\'s, where he lived until 1834. In the fall of that j^ear he \nbought and moved to the farm he now occupies, consisting of 400 \nacres on the Two-Mile Prairie, five miles northeast of Ashland and \ntwelve miles southeast of Columbia. He had two sons and three \ndaughters, of whom but one is now living \xe2\x80\x94 Mrs. Field, of Denver, \n\n\n\n650 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nColorado. In 1860 his son, William P., then in his twenty-seventh \nyear, was burned to death in his store at Providence. He was a \ngraduate of the University, and a young man of bright promise, and \nhis horrible death was universally lamented. In 1837-8 Mr. Ellis \ncommanded a company under Col. Eichard Gentry, in the Florida \nwar. The next year he was commissioned a colonel, and had command \nof a regiment under marching orders from Governor Boo-o-s. This was \nduring the Mormon insurrection. He was preparing to start with his \nregiment to the Mexican war, but was prevented by the illness of his \nwife, who died August 25, 1846. He was one of the first curators \nof the University. Of his colleagues, all are dead but one. He \nserved as public administrator for ten years ; was justice of the \npeace from 1844 to 1878. He now holds a commission as notary \npublic. Few men in Boone county have been more active in public \naffairs, or disposed of more business, and none perhaps have come \nnearer rendering general satisfaction. \n\nPETER ELLIS. \n\nPeter Ellis is thej^oungest of ten children, born to Peter and Eleanor \nEllis, pioneer settlers, and was born in Boone county, August 19th, \n1826, where he was raised and educated. Was married October 12th, \n1848, to Miss Sallie Mosely, daughter of William Moseley, who set- \ntled in Boone county in 1827. Two sons were born of this marriage, \none of whom died in infancy the other when nearly grown. The first \nwife having died in 1852, Mr. Ellis was married in 1861 to Miss \nAmanda Moseley, sister of the first wife. By this marriage they have \nhad four sons and three daughters, all of whom are now living. Mr. \nEllis has been actively engaged in the mule trade since 1854, and has \nnot failed taking a drove South every year except during the war. He \nhas been a member of New Salem Baptist church since 1842. \n\nE. p. ELLIS. \n\nElisha Patterson Ellis, one of the most substantial farmers of Boone \ncounty, and a man of superior intelligence and energy, was born in St. \nLouis county, Missouri, September 1 1th, 1817. His parents were Peter \nand Eleanor (Patterson) Ellis. They left St. Louis county the year \nafter Elisha was born, and settled on the farm now known as the William \nBass place, two and one-half miles north of Ashland, Boone county, \nMissouri. The elder Ellis was successful in life, being able, at his \ndeath, to give each of his ten children a farm of 160 acres of excellent \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 651 \n\nland. Elisha Ellis was reared on the home place, remaining with his \nparents until he was twenty-five years old. He availed himself of \nevery opportunity to procure an education, and when he went forth in \nthe world to work out his own destiny he was well prepared for the \nduties of life. In 1841 he came in possession of the farm upon which \nhe now lives. Except the dwelling, which he afterwards enlarged, the \nland was unimproved. Removed to this place in the spring of 1843, \nhaving the year previous married Mary Jane Sheley, sister of Judge \nSheley, of Independence, Missouri. Mr. Ellis has lived on this farm \nsince settling it, except two years, from the spring of 1873 to 1875, \nspent in the commission business with the firm of Godlove & Ellis, St. \nLouis, Missouri. Mr. Ellis was married to Mrs. Mary Jacobs, of \nHolden, Johnson county, Missouri, formerly a native of Clark county, \nKentucky. Mr. Ellis was for many years general of militia. Has \nbeen a member of New Salem Baptist church for forty years. Since \n1840, Gen. Ellis has been steadily engaged in the mule trade, buying \nwork mules and taking them South. His farm consists of 320 acres, \nsituated four miles northeast of Ashland and fifteen miles southeast of \nColumbia, in one of the richest and most beautiful sections of this \ncountry. \n\nJ. M. ELLIS. \n\nJames McAllister Ellis is the fifth son and eighth child of Peter and \nEleanor Ellis. He was born in Boone county, Missouri, May 27th, \n1821, and was educated at the common schools of the county. Grew \nto manhood on his father\'s farm. At the age of eighteen commenced \ntrading in mules. Took his first lot of 160 to Mississippi, in 1854, \nand has been South annually, with the exception of a few years when \ntrade was dull, and during the war, when there was no trade at all. \nMr. Ellis has a fine farm of 760 acres nine miles northeast of Ashland \nand ten miles southeast of Columbia. He was married in Callaway \ncounty, December 9th, 1852, to Martha J. Glasgow, daughter of Na- \nthan Glasgow, of Millersburg. By this marriage they had two sons \nand two daughters, of whom but one daughter is now living. Mr. \nEllis is a member of the New Salem Baptist church, also of the \nAshland lodge of A. F. & A. M. \n\nA. E. ELLIS. \n\nAbraham Ellis is the son of Peter Ellis, a native of Virginia, and \nEleanor Patterson, a native of North Carolina. The Pattersons and \nEllises emio-rated to Missouri about the same time and settled in St. \n\n\n\n652 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nLouis county, where Peter Ellis and Eleanor Patterson were married. \nThe subject of this sketch was born on his Other\'s farm, December \n5th, 1807. He was the second son and second child of a family of six \nsons and four daughters. In the fall of 1818 he moved with his par- \nents to Boone county, pitching their tent, on the night of October 1st, \njust two miles south of where Mr. Ellis now lives. . Commenced \nbusiness for himself in 1829, but remained with his father several \nyears, conducting business in partnership at home and on a stock \nranch in Arkansas. In 1840 commenced farming on the east \nside of Two-mile Prairie, where he lived until the year 1858, \nwhen he moved to the place where he now lives. For twenty-eight \nyears he has been engaged in the mule trade, buying in Missouri and \nselling in the South, principally at Bastrop, Louisiana. Mr, Ellis\' \nfarm is situated nine miles south of Columbia. He has 700 acres in a \nhigh state of cultivation. He was married, April 21st, 1836, to Miss \nRutha H. Young, daughter of Edward Young, of Cedar township. \nThey have one child, a daughter, who married Lawrence Bass, of this \ncounty. He is a member of the New Salem Baptist Church. \n\nWILLIAM T. ELLIOTT. \n\nSmith Elliott, the father of William, came from Garrett county,. \nKentucky, in 1825, and settled near Rocheport, in this county. He \nafterwards removed to the Perche bottom, seven miles east of Eoche- \nport, where he died, in 1846. The subject of this sketch was born \nin Boone county, March 4th, 1832. His mother\'s name was Margaret \nHutcheson, also a native of Garrett county, Kentucky. Young Elliott \nwas in early life strongly impressed with a desire to travel, and when \ngold was discovered in California he was among the first to cross the \nplains, being ninety-six days on the road. Spent two years in Cali- \nfornia ; then went to Panama, and from there to Cuba ; thence to \nNew York, He then returned home. Having satisfied his curiosity \nfor travelling he was now content to remain at home during the rest of \nhis life. He was first married December 28th, 1853, to Miss Aman- \nda, daughter of John G. and Delina Cochran, who lived near Roche- \nport, Boone county, Missouri. One child, now dead, was born of this \nmarriage, and named Louvena. Was married the second time, April \n6th, 1869, to Mahala, daughter of William and Winnifred Christian. \nNo children were born of this marriage. After the close of the war \nMr. Elliott spent one year at Hamrick\'s Station, Putnam county, In- \ndiana. During his stay at that place was made postmaster, by Presi- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 653 \n\ndent Johnson. He is a member of the Methodist church. Mrs. \nElliott is a Baptist. \n\nDAVID MARTIN EMMITT. \n\nThe father of David M. Emmitt was born in Pennsylvania, but has \nspent the most of his life in Ohio, where he now lives. His mother, \nLouisa Martin, was a native of Ohio. David M. was born in Waverly, \nOhio, November 10th, 1843. He was the fifth of a family of six sons, \nfour of whom are now living. Except David M., they are all citizens \nof Ohio. The elder Emmitt is a banker, miller and distiller. The \nsubject of this sketch was reared in Ohio and educated at Delaware \nColleo-e, graduating in 1863. After leaving college he commenced \nbusiness, buying grain for his father, at Circleville, Ohio. In the fall \nof 1866 he went to Europe with his parents and a younger brother. \nHe remained there one year, pursuing his studies at Frankfort-on- \nthe-Main. In 1867, he returned to the United States, and went in- \nto the milling and distilling business with his brother, at Chillicothe, \nOhio, under the firm name of Emmitt Brothers, continuing in this \nbusiness for five years, when he sold out and came to Boone county, \nMissouri. In 1872 he bought the Eockbridge mill property, consist- \ning of mill, distillery, store and 800 acres of land. He was commis- \nsioned a postmaster in 1875, which position he held until 1881, when \nhe resigned. Mr. Emmitt was married at Circleville, Ohio, May 8th, \n1867, to Miss Mary L., daughter of Kev. John Wagenhals, who is still \nliving, at Lancaster, Ohio, and is probably the oldest German Lutheran \nminister in the State. They have had four sons and two daughters, \nof whom two sons and two daughters are living. The eldest son died \nunnamed. William Henry died in infancy. The living are Edwin, \nFlora, John and Katie. In 1863 Mr. Emmitt joined the parties in \npursuit of John Morgan, in his famous raid through Ohio, and took \nan active part in the several skirmishes that took place during that \nexciting campaign. He is now permanently located in Boone county, \nand thoroughly identified with its interests. \n\nCAPT. W. FEELY \n\nIs a son of John and Jane (Wilson) Feely, and was born \nJanuary 2, 1827, in the State of Ohio. He left his native State \nwhen about eight years old, living in Indiana two years, when he \ncame to Missouri. He lived in St. Louis two years, and then went to \nhis father\'s, in Cole county, Missouri, and from there the family moved \nto Cass county. He was selling goods in Harrisonville when the war \n\n\n\n654 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbroke out. Casting his lot with the Confederacy, he enlisted in the \nState Guards in 1861, and afterwards in Price\'s army, Sixteentli \'Res- \niment, Company K (of which he was captain), Trans-Mississippi De- \npartment. He served four years in the army, and only when Lee \nsurrendered, and the cause so dear to his heart was hopeless, he laid \ndown his arms and accepted the situation, as all good soldiers do. At \nthe battle of Lone Jack he received a gunshot wound in the arm, \nwhich literally tore away the muscles. He was in the battles of Pea \nEidge, Prairie Grove, Jenkins\' Ferry, and Helena. He was married \nDecember 27, 1866, to Miss A. J. Watkins, of Cole county, and has \nbeen blessed with four children, all of whom are now living \xe2\x80\x94 Laura, \nJohn Alexander, D. Postlewait and Beulah. He is now selling gen- \neral merchandise in Wilton, Boone county, Missouri, and is also post- \nmaster. He has been engaged in the mercantile business aboutthirty- \ntwo years, fifteen of them at his present home. In connection with \nhis store he has a steamboat landing, and does a general commission \nbusiness for the farmers in the country. He also ships about twenty- \nfive thousand railroad ties every year, making that business a spe- \ncialty. \n\nDR. WILLIAM WINSTON FINDLEY. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was boru in Rodgersville, Hawkins county, \nTennessee, December 15, 1829. He is the son of John B. and Mar- \ngaret (Winston) Findley. The elder Findley was born in Orange \ncounty, Virginia. Mrs. Findley was a native of Halifax county, Vir- \nginia. They removed to Alabama in 1844, settling in DeKalb county, \nremoving from there to Madison county. The subject of this sketch \nfirst learned the printer\'s trade, afterwards the duties of a druggist, \nand for several years clerked in a drug store. He then read medicine \nunder Dr. Carter, at Lebanon, Alabama, for four years, at the same \ntime occupying a position in a drug store ; attended first course of \nlectures in 1854-55 at Nashville Medical Institute, and a second course \nat Marion (Alabama) Medical College, where he received the de- \ngree of M. D. After that he was in the drug business up to the break- \ning out of the war, when he enlisted under Capt. Thomasson, in Com- \npany E, Fourth Alabama ; was afterwards transferred to Capt. Higgius\' \ncompany, Twelfth Alabama; was at Seven Pines, both battles of \nManassas, and at Sharpsburg. He then went to Richmond and took \ncharge of one of the hospitals of that city. He bore away with him \nnumerous testimonials both in reference to his skill and of gratitude \nfrom those he had faithfully served. Rejoining the army as a soldier,. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 655 \n\nhe was captured by the enemy and taken to Rock Island. While a \nprisoner at that place he was appointed medical steward in the hospi- \ntal, and was of much service to his fellow-prisoners. When released \nhe came directly to Boone county, Missouri, where he has lived ever \nsince. He first stopped in Perche township, in what is known as Black- \nfoot, where he taught school for several years. He has been practic- \ning medicine for about ten years. He was both a soldier and a \nphysician during his service in the army ; was severely wounded at \nManassas, and was sent to Richmond, where he remained in the hos- \npital for three months. He was never married. \n\nMICHAEL FISHER. \n\nMr. Fisher is the son of George and Mary Ann (Harness) Fisher, \nboth of whom were natives of Virginia. The mother lived to the ad- \nvanced age of ninety-two, dying in 1881, having spent her entire life \nwithin less than a mile of where she was born. On the paternal side, \nMr. Fisher is of Irish descent, and on the maternal side, of Dutch ori- \ngin. Jacob Fisher, grandfather of the subject of this sketch, died in \nVirmnia in 1835. Michael was born on his father\'s farm in Viro-inia, \non the 17th da}^ of August, 1811, and was the second son and child of \na family of eight sons and three daughters. He was reared and edu- \ncated in his native State, and has been a farmer all his life. In 1837 \nhe came to Boone county, Missouri, and settled on the Missouri river, \nnear Nashville (now defunct). He moved to the farm where he now \nresides in 1846, his place being now a large, finely-improved farm, six \nmiles southeast of Columbia, on which he built his present dwelling- \nhouse in 1855. Mr. Fisher was married in Virginia, August 19, 1834, \nto Miss Rebecca Cunningham, who died November 18, 1839. His \npresent wife was Phoebe Ann, daughter of W. L. Woolfolk, of Boone \ncounty, to whom he was married January 4, 1853. Mr. Fisher takes \ngreat interest in educational afiairs, and has served as school director \nfor thirty-four years, being a member of the district board at this writ- \ning. He has been a member of the Bonne Femme Baptist Church for \nthirty-eight years, and has always labored zealously for the cause of \nadvancement, morality, and religion. Besides the homestead farm, \nMr. Fisher is owner of other lands in the fine old county of Boone. \n\nE. W. FORBIS. \n\nEdmund Walter Forbis is the son of George Forbis, a native of \nKentucky. His mother, Mary Perrigan, was also a native of that \n\n\n\n656 HISTORY or boone county. \n\nState. The subject of this sketch was born in Fayette county, Ken- \ntucky, June 16, 1811. He was the youngest of a family of twelve \nsons and three daughters, of whom four sons are now livino:, all in \nBoone. Mr. Forbis spent most of his youth in Oldham county, about \nthirty miles from Louisville. He came to Boone county in 1837 and \nsettled on the farm where he now lives, two and one-fourth miles \nnorthwest of Ashland. The farm had been entered before, but Mr. \nForbis improved it. He built the house he now occupies in 1838. \nHe was married May 28, 1845, to Miss Ann Eliza Blanton, of Boone \ncounty, daughter of Burdette Blanton. She died, September?, 1865, \nleaving two sons and four daughters. Mr. Forbis was again married, \nSeptember 3, 1868, to Mrs. Eliza Self, who died February 9, 1879. \nHe has two sons and two daughters living in this county. Mr. Forbis \nis an official member of the New Liberty Baptist church. \n\nA. E. GIBBS. \n\nAlexander Eobert Gibbs was born in Bedford county, Virginia, \nJune 4, 1815. He was the fifth son and seventh child of a family of \nnine sons and six daughters. In his tenth year he removed with his \nparents to Kentucky where he grew to manhood. Was brought up on \nthe farm and in early life commenced trading in stock, buying in Ken- \ntucky and driving to Virginia, North Carolina and Alabama. Was \nmarried in Lee county, Virginia, March 9, 1847, to Maiy J. Gibson, \ndaughter of Zachariah Gibson. By this marriage they had four \nchildren, two sons and two daughters, all of whom are living \nexcept the oldest son, who was drowned in early boyhood. Mr. \nGibbs came to Missouri in 1851 and settled on the farm where \nhe now resides, six miles northeast of Ashland, and fifteen \nmiles southeast of Columbia. There are 260 acres in this tract. \nHe owns a large body of land on the Missouri river. Mr. Gibbs deals \nlargely in thorough-bred stock, principally cattle. \n\nNATHAN G. HAGANS \n\nIs the son of Levi and Charlotte (Graham) Hagans and was born in \nKentucky. His father moved to Missouri in 1842 and settled in \nLafayette county where he lived a year, when he moved to Boone \ncounty, where he died in 1854. Nathan, the subject of our sketch \nwent to California in 185- and was g-one about thirteen months. He \nlived in California seven months, having made the trip in a wagon \ndrawn by oxen. He came back by sea via New Orleans. He has \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 657 \n\nbeen married twice. The first time to Miss Eebecca Wilcoxen by \nwtiom he had six children, four of whom are alive. His second wife \nwas the widow of Samuel Wilcoxen, and the daughter of Joseph and \nElizabeth Peak. Mr. Hagans is of Irish origin upon his father\'s side \nand inherits their good qualities of head and heart. He keeps the \nlanding upon the river known as Hagans\' landing and handles and \nships about 12,000 ties per year. He is one of the very best citizens \nin a county noted for her number of men of sterling worth. \n\nTHOMAS G. HAGANS \n\nIs the son of Levi and Charlotte (Graham) Hagans ; was born August \n27, 1846. His father came to this county from Allen county, Ken- \ntucky, in 1843, and settled in Boone county, near Bnrlington. His \nfather died in 1854, after farming in this county for eleven years. \nThomas is a bachelor living alone on his farm. He devotes his time \nto farming and gardening, making the cultivation of watermelons a \nspecialty. He lived four years in Buchanan county, four in Callaway \nand one year in Miller county, thence back to his present home where \nhe has since lived. He is one of the yeomen of the country, such \nmen as are relied upon by all governments to make them strong at \nhome and respected abroad. \n\nJAMES S. HICK AM. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of John and Lucinda (Collier) \nHickam and was born in Boone county, September 18, 1835. His \nfather was a native of Virginia and emigrated to Cole county, Mis- \nsouri. In 1834 he came to Boone where James was born. At theae^e \nof nine, his father moved to Henry county, and then to Barry county. \nFrom Barry he moved back to Henry and from thence he moved to \nCass county. From Cass he moved to Bates county and finally back \nto Cole county again where he died in 1856. At his father\'s death \nJames went to Maries county, where the three counties of Maries, \nOsage and Miller corner upon each other. He lived there 12 or 13 \nyears engaged in farming. From there he moved to Cooper county \nand lived there about four years, when he moved back to Boone, the \ncounty of his birth. He has been engaged in farming all his life until \nthe spring of 1882, when he rented out his farm and engaged in the \ngrocery business. He married, March 13, 1856, Miss Elizabeth \nBarnhart, daughter of Hoover and Elizabeth Barnhart. Seven chil- \ndren are living, viz., Salina Frances, Minerva C, John W., Radford, \n42 \n\n\n\n658 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nEliza Evelyn, Eleanor and Conley. Mr. Hickain was a Confederate \nsoldier under General Parsons, 9th Missouri, company C. He was \ncaptured at RoUa and taken to St. Louis and incarcerated in McDow- \nell\'s college. He was afterward sent to Alton until the war was nearly \nover, when he was exchano;ed at Vicksburo-. \n\nTHADDEUS HICKMAN. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of William Hickman, of Bour- \nbon county, Kentucky. His mother was Mary Tureman, a native of \nMason county, Kentucky, Thaddeus Hickman was born in Bourbon \ncounty, Kentucky, February 14th, 1828, and was educated in the dis- \ntrict schools of his neighborhood, He was one of two sons of a family \nof eleven children, six of whom are now living. After becoming of \n\'age he managed an estate belonging to his fiither and brother. After- \nwards he commenced farming on his own responsibility in Pettis \ncounty, Missouri. The war having commenced, he left his farm and \nreturned to Boone county, but did not actively engage in business \nuntil the close of the war. In 1867 he opened a store at Burlington, \nwhere he remained until the spring ot 1875, when he moved to the old \nTyre Martin farm, south of New Salem Church, where he now resides. \nHe now turned his attention largely to breeding thoroughbred cattle. \nHis stock was selected with great care from the best herds in Kentucky. \nBy close and careful attentiou to business, he has attained much celeb- \nrity as a breeder of short horn cattle. His herd is one of the best \nin the country. One of his cows, Jenny Lind 7th, is winner of many \nprizes, among others a prize in Scotland ; first prize as two-year old at \nMichigan ( 1872 ) State fair, and fine prizes subsequently. He has always \npurchased of the leading importers and keeps none but the best. He \nhas cattle from the best herds of Kentucky, also from the herds of \nJohn P. Sanborn, Michigan ; Ben Sumner, Connecticut, and D. S. Pratt, \nof Brattleboro, Vermont. Mr. Hickman is a member of the Ash- \nland grange. \n\nT. B. HICKMAN. \n\nThaddeus Bryan Hickman is the son of David M. Hickman, one of \nthe old pioneer settlers of Boone county. He visited this section of \nthe county as early as 1817. Mr. Hickman did not return until 1822, \nwhen he came to stay. He was married in Kentucky to Miss Corne- \nlia Bryan. He purchased a large body of land in this county, his real \nestate consisting of 3,000 acres. Thaddeus was born November 22d, \n1829. He was the fourth son and fourth child of a family of six sons \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. Q59 \n\nand one daughter, all of whom, except one son, are now livmg \xe2\x80\x94 four \nin Boone county. He was educated at Bonne Femme Academy, \ncompleting his studies in 1849. Since 1860, Mr. Hickman has fol- \nlowed farming. He lives about midway between Columbia and Ash- \nland. He has traded largely in stock. \' He is now engaged in raising \nthoroughbred stock. He was married in Louisiana, May 1st, 1860, \nto Miss Louisa Hickman, of Eapides parish. He is a member of the \nBonne Femme Baptist church. \n\nGEORGE HUBBARD. \n\nGeorge Hubbard is the son of John and Mary (Ballou) Hubbard, \nnatives of Kentucky, where their son George was born November \n17th, 1805. They emigrated to Callaway county, Missouri, in 1831, \nand to Boone the year following, settling the place where Mr. Hub- \nbard now resides. The subject of this sketch is the fourth son and \nfourth child of a family of four boys and two girls, two sons and \none daughter of whom are now livino-. Mr. Hubbard has been a \nfarmer all his life. He was married in Kentucky, August 12th, \n1829, to Miss Patsy H. Gibbs, daughter of Alexander Gibbs. They \nhave three sons and six daughters, of whom two sons and four \ndaughters are living, all in Boone. Has been a member of New \nSalem Baptist church since 1840. His farm consists of 400 acres, \nsituated six miles northeast of Ashland and fifteen miles southeast \nof Columbia. \n\nE. D. ISBELL, D. D. \n\nRev. E. D. Isbell, a prominent Baptist minister, and, at this \nwriting, pastor of New Salem church, Cedar township, is a native \nof Paris, Bourbon county, Kentuck}^, where he was born October \n17th, 1825. His parents, James and Fanny Isbell, were natives \nof Virginia, having emigrated to Kentucky about the year 1820. \nMr. Isbell was educated at Georgetown, Kentucky, where he grad- \nuated in 1846. He then attended the Baptist Theological Semi- \nnary, graduating in 1851, The year following he commenced the \nregular pastorate with the Beal Street Baptist church, Memphis, \nTennessee. His health having failed, he returned to Kentucky in \nthe summer of 1854. Was afterwards pastor of several churches in \nKentucky, and president of Augusta College, Bracken county, for \nseveral years, and professor in Georgetown College. He came to \nMissouri in the winter of 1873, and stopped at Macon City until \ncalled to the pastorate of the Baptist church at Columbia, where he \n\n\n\n660 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlabored quite successfully for four years. During this time there \nwere about three hundred additions to the church. He next served \nthe church at Fayette, Missouri, for two years, during which time \nthe membership was doubled. In 1879 he took charge of the New \nSalem church, and has preached for that congregation ever since. \nHe has here met with about the same success that attended his labors \nelsewhere. Mr. Isbell was married March 5th, 1846, to Miss Sarah \nE., daughter of Joab and Jane Wheat, of Paris, Kentucky. They \nhave one son, Harvey W., who was educated at Georgetown College, \nKentucky, and at West Point military academy, New York. He \nafterwards studied law, but never practiced his profession. He is also \na journalist and a writer of ability. He has been connected with a \nnumber of papers in Missouri, but is, at this writing, engaged in \nteaching. He is married, and now makes his home at Nevada, Mis- \nsouri. \n\nE. D. JOHNSON \n\nIs the son of Johnson and Mary (Turley) Johnson, and was \n\nborn May 10th, 1826. He is a posthumous child, his father hav- \nins: died before he was born. His father settled in what is known as \nthe Boone\'s Lick country, in Howard county, Missouri. After his \nfiither\'s death his mother came to Columbia, and, being poor, the \nolder boys were "bound out," and an aunt took the only daughter. \nThe subject of our notice was adopted by L. L. Pace, and reared \nupon the farm which Mr. Johnson now owns. He went to the \ncountry schools and what was then called Rockbridge Academy, and, \nlater, he attended the University for three years. He has been a \nfarmer all his life, and is one of Boone\'s well-to-do, staunch citizens. \nIn 1849 he went with a party to New Mexico, when the Far West was \nthe Eldorado of all the young, and many of the old men of the \ncountry. Shortly after leaving Missouri he took the cholera, and \ndied, as his comrades thought. All preparations were made for his \nburial, when they discovered that their cattle had strayed off. So \nthey postponed the obsequies until the wandering oxen had been \nfound. Upon their return, great was their joy when they saw signs \nof life in the friend they were about to bury alive. By careful nurs- \ning he was restored to health, and continued his journey to New \nMexico. He only stayed in the West a short time, when he set his face \ntoward the rising sun, and came back to Missouri, the garden of \nAmerica. He was married to Miss Dorothy Ann Payne, daughter of \nJames and Lois Payne, of this county. His wife died July 27th, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 661 \n\n1865. He has three children, \'all living : Laura Alice, Spurgeon G. \nand John E. Miss Laura went several years to the University, and \nis a regular graduate, taking the full classical course. Mr. Johnson \nis a member of the Baptist church at Nashville, this county. \n\nJOSEPH WATERS JOHNSTON. \n\nJohn T. M. Johnston, father of Joseph, came from Kentucky to \nBoone county when a boy, and settled, with his parents, near Colum- \nbia, being among the pioneers of this county. His wife was Minerva \nWaters, and of this pair the subject of this sketch was born, August \n29th, 1848. He first saw the light on his father\'s farm, and was the \nsecond son and third child of a family of four sons and four daughters, \nall but two of whom still reside in Boone county. He acquired his \neducation in the neighborhood schools in the vicinity of his old home, \nin the Ashland school and in Jones\' Commercial College of St. Louis. \nIn the fall of 1866, he first engaged in business for himself, opening a \ngeneral store in Ashland, which he conducted for three years. In \n1869 he formed a partnership with A. G. Paine, and they did business \ntill the fall of 1871. He then formed a partnership with J. G. Wise- \nman, which lasted till 1880. Mr. Johnston then became a member of \nthe firm of Bass, Johnston, Brooks & Harris, with whom he is still in \nbusiness at this writing, their business depot being known as the \n" Trade Centre." He is also a member of the Ashland Mill Company, \nand a director of the Farmers\' Bank. In 1870, he built the Johnston \nHotel, and in \'77 erected the livery stable at Ashland. He was one \nof the originators of two important enterprises of his town, viz., ths \nmill project and the bank. He is also secretary of the " Ashlaud \nStock Sales." rSee history of Ashland]. Mr. Johnston was married \nat Bonne Femme church, November 5th, 1880, to Miss Julia Harris, \ndaughter of Judge James Harris, deceased. They have one child, a \ndaughter. He is a member of the Baptist church, and also belongs \nto the Masonic fraternity and A. O. U. W. \n\nJ. G. JONES. \n\nJoseph Glenn Jones is the son of Mosias Jones, a native of Kentucky, \nwho emigrated to Missouri in 1805, settling first in St. Louis county. \nIn 1818 he came to Boone county, then almost a wilderness. He was \na member of the first grand jury ever empanelled in the county. He \nsettled on the south end of the Two-mile prairie. On this farm the \nsubject of this sketch was born, June 7th, 1825. He is the fourth son \n\n\n\nG62 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand seventh child of a family of six sons and six daughters, all of \nwhom lived to maturity and became members of the New Salem Bap- \ntist church. Of this family four brothers are alive at this writing. \nThree brothers and one sister are living in Boone county. Mr. Jones \nlived on the home place until 1848, when he purchased and removed \nto a farm near where Claysville now stands. He resided on this place \nuntil the spring of 1878, when he removed to Ashland, intending at \nthe time to give up business. He bought a fine farm adjoining the \ntown, which he still cultivates. During the war he was arrested by \nthe Federal authorities and taken to Jefferson City. From there he \nwas sent to Gratiot street prison, St. Louis, where he remained for \nseveral months, being finally transferred to Alton. When released \nfrom prison he returned home and was allowed to remain with his \nfamily until the troubles were over. Mr. Jones has handled a \ngreat deal of stock, and devotes much attention to diseases of \nhorses and cattle. He is now a member of Mount Pleasant Bap- \ntist church, also a member of the Masonic order, meeting with the \nAshland lodo-e. He also belongs to the Ashland Grange. Mr. \nJones\'s wife is a native of Tennessee. They were married in Cedar \ntownship. May 11, 1847. They have three children, two sons and \none daughter, the latter by adoption. \n\nW. E. JONES. \n\nWilliam Elijah Jones, is the son of Christopher H. Jones, a native \nof Madison county, Kentucky. He came to Boone county with his \nbrothers, Mosias and Lyne Jones in 1818, being among the very ear- \nliest settlers of this county. Christopher Jones was married in Ken- \ntucky to Miss Martha Yates. Emigrating to Boone county, soon \nafterwards he settled on the farm now occupied by Elijah, at which \nplace all his children were born. The subject of this sketch was born \nOctober 23d, 1841. He was the sixth son and twelfth child of a \nfamily of six sons and seven daughters, of whom three sons and three \n-daughters are now living \xe2\x80\x94 four of them in Boone county. Mr. Jones \nwas reared on the farm and educated at the common schools of the \nneighborhood. In 1861 he enlisted in Gen. Clark\'s Division of \nMissouri State Guard, being a member of the Sixth regiment. He \nserved in this regiment for six months, when he was transferred to the \nNinth Missouri Infantry with which command he remained until the \ndose of the war. He participated in the battles of Lexington, Pea \nEidge, Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, Jenkins\' Ferry, and numerous skir- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 663 \n\nmishes of less note. Surrendered in June, 1865, and returned to his \nhome in Boone county, where he has remained ever since. His farm \nis situated two miles west of Ashland. Makes the breeding of fine \nhogs a specialty. He was married, February 26th, 1867, to Miss \nMary S. Forbis, daughter of E. W. Forbis, of Boone county. They \nhave one son and two daughters. \n\nJ. A. KERR, M. D. \n\nDr. James Albert Kerr is the son of Wm. Kerr, a farmer and a \nnative of Frederick county, Va., and Isabella Castlemane Kerr, born \nin Clark county, Va, The doctor was born on his father\'s farm March \n6th, 1838. He was the youngest child of a family of fifteen children, \nnine boys and six girls. Three of the boys still survive. The doctor \nwas educated chiefly at the Winchester (Va. ) University. In the \nspring of 1854 he entered the drug store of David Ricketts, of Balti- \nmore, and remained one year. The next year he served with J. B. \nMoore, in the same business, in Washington, D. C. The next year \nlie "was with John Keeshan, Cincinnati, and the next two years with \nAlex. Leitch & Co., St. Louis. In the spring of 1859 he became \nbook-keeper for Rufus Fitch & Co., stationers. He then made a trip \nto Texas and was absent six months. On his return, in 1861, under \nDr. J. N. Edwards, of Jefierson City, he continued the study of medi- \ncine, which he had already begun while serving as a druggist. He \nreceived his diploma from the St. Louis Medical College, in 1862. In \nMarch, 1863, he began the practice of his profession at Cedar City, \nCallaway county. He remained there two years, or until the spring \nof 1865, when, having been drafted into the Federal service as a com- \nmon soldier, and not wishing to fight against the South, his sympathies \nbeing with that section, he excused himself ( !) and went to Salt Lake \nCitv. Here he practiced for thirteen months. From the spring of \n1866 till the ensuing fall he was in Helena, Montana. He then came \nto Boone county, and settled in Ashland, and here and in the sur- \nrounding country he has ever since been actively engaged in the prac- \ntice of his profession. \n\nMay 17, 1870, Dr. Kerr married Miss Sophia A. Nichols, a daugh- \nter of Robert Nichols, a farmer, and an old resident of Boone county. \nThey have had born to them six children, three boys and three girls. \nOf these one boy and two girls are still living. The doctor is a mem- \nber of the Ashland Baptist church and belongs to the Ancient Order \nUnited Workmen. \n\n\n\n664 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nWALTER THOMAS LEMON \n\nWas the ninth born of a family of ten children, five sons and five \ndaughters. His parents were Eobert and Amanda (Mars) Lemon, \nand Walter T. was born on his father\'s farm, one-half mile west of \nColumbia, December 27, 1853. Two of his brothers and four of his \nsisters attended the first school under Prof. Tandy Orear, in the old \nbrick house, repaired for the " model school " department of the Uni- \nversity. The subject of this sketch, took his course through the Uni- \nversity, graduating from the medical department in 1876. He began \nthe practice at Vandalia, in Audrain county, Missouri, remaining there \nnine months, and then coming to Boone county, where he has since \nbeen engaged in the practice of his profession. At Ashland, where \nhe resides at this writing, he has been associated with Dr. J. T. Rotii- \nwell. In the winter of 1879-80, Dr. Lemon attended lectures at \nBellevue Medical College, New York, and received his degree from \nthat institution in the spring of 1880. He was married, March 15, \n1881, at Mexico, Missouri, to Miss Nannie, daughter of Rufus Pear- \nson, a prominent merchant. They have one child, a daughter. Dr. \nLemon belongs to the A. O. U. W., and is an earnest and consistent \nman in whatever he believes to be right. His father is, at this writing, \nstill living, and resides on the old farm. His mother, however, is \ndead, having departed this life in January, 1857. \n\nLEASEL LITTLEBURY LINDSAY. \n\nThis gentleman was born October 24, 1814 in Spartanburg district,. \nSouth Carolina. He is the son of John and Elizabeth (Warford) \nLindsay. His parents being poor hired him out to the neighbors to \nhelp carry on their forms. He grew to manhood in the neighborhood \nof his birth, and is without text-book education. When he was twenty \nyears of age he left home and learned the tanner\'s trade. Then he \ncame to Boone county, Missouri, in 1834 and has resided here ever \nsince. He located in the vicinity of Union settlement, near Union \nchurch on the Perche. He lived there a year and then moved to where \nhe now lives or in close proximity to his farm. He is a farmer, but \nhas carried on the business of milling for about seventeen of the \ntwenty-three years since he moved to the old homestead. He was \nmarried June 4, 1837, to Miss Adeline A. V. Edwards, in this county. \nShe was the daughter of Presley and Mary J. Edwards, who had moved \nto Missouri from Tennessee some years before. He is the father of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. QQ5 \n\ntwelve children, five of whom are dead. Mary E. (deceased), born \nApril 18, 1839 ; Eliza J., born March 1, 1841 ; Sarah Margaret, born \nDecember 18, 1842; Zerelda A., born January 1, 1845; Jezreel, \nborn September 28, 1847 ; Jasper, born April 22, 1849 ; \nCassy C. P. (deceased), born February 23, 1853; Newton, \nborn February 15, 1856; Frances Ellen (deceased), born \nAugust 2, 1858 ; Adeline Lenora, born January 23, 1861 ; Leasel and \nJames, twins (deceased), born April 1, 1864. He is aMason \xe2\x80\x94 mem- \nber of the lodge at Ashland. Both he and his wife are members of \nthe Baptist church. He is a good citizen, enjoying the esteem and \nconfidence of his neighbors, as an evidence of which, he has been a \njustice of the peace for six years. \n\nABNER MARTIN, M. D. \n\nDr. Martin was born February 7, 1835. He received a good com- \nmon school education in the schools of his neighborhood. In 1854 he \nbegan the study of medicine, with his uncle. Dr. Meredith Martin, of \nSt. Louis, and graduated from the St. Louis Medical College four \nyears later, or in 1858. After his graduation, he practiced in Boone \ncounty for about five years. He spent the winter of 1863-4 in Belle- \nvue Medical College, New York, from which noted institution he re- \nceived a diploma in the spring of 1864. He then returned to Ash- \nland, where, and in the county generally, he practiced his profession \nextensively until 1881, when he became president and superintendent \nof the Ashland Mill Company, and this position he still holds. May \n11, 1859, Dr. Martin was married at Providence, Boone county, to \nMiss Annie Tuttle, a daughter of Judge Gilpin S. Tuttle. Of this \nunion two children, a son and a daughter, have been born. The doc- \ntor has been a member of North Salem Baptist church for about thirty \nyears . \n\nR. H. MARTIN. \n\nEobert Hudson Martin is the son of Nathan and Mary (Hill) Mar- \ntin, natives of Kentucky, who emigrated to Boone county, Missouri,^ \nin 1838. Eobert was born in Todd county, Kentucky, December \n27th, 1820, and was educated at home, his father being his only \nteacher. As the elder Martin was a good scholar, the son\'s education \nwas not neo;lected, as it mio-ht otherwise have been, for in Robert\'s \nboyhood there were no public schools in that section of country. He \nwas the fourth son and seventh child of a family of eleven children, \nsix sons and five daughters, of whom only five are now living. Mr. \n\n\n\n\'Q66 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMartin crossed the plains to California in 1850, returning home in \n1851. In 1852 he bought and moved to the farm where he now re- \nsides, one and one-half miles north of Ashland. He was married, \nDecember 14th, 1848, to Miss Nancy E. Harris, a native of Boone \ncounty. They have had ten children, eight daughters and two sons, \nof whom six daughters and one son are now living. Mr. Martin has \ngiven special attention to stock raising and has made the business \nquite profitable. He is a member of the New Salem Baptist \nchurch, also of the Ashland lodge, A. F. and A. M. Mrs. Martin \ndied September 9, 1881. \n\nROBERT SIDNEY MARTIN, M. D. \n\nThe professional gentleman whose name heads this sketch is the \nson of Lincoln K. and Isabella Martin, and grandson of Wayne Mar- \ntin, who came from Madison county, Kentucky, to St. Louis, Mis- \nsouri, in 1816, and to Boone county in 1818. His grandfather was, \ntherefore, one of the earliest settlers of the county and was one of the \nfounders of the Bonne Femme Baptist church, who left it to found \nthe New Salem church. Dr. Martin\'s mother was a daughter of \nAbner Nichols, who came to Boone county in 1825, and he (Robert \nSidney) was born on a farm one-half mile from Ashland, this county, \nJuly 18, 1833. He was the second of a family of eight boys and two \ngirls, five of the former and one of the latter still surviving, and all \nresiding in this county. Dr. Martin attended the district schools in his \nboyhood, and thus acquired the elementary part of his education. In \n1856, he began the study of medicine with his uncle, Meredith Martin, \nof St. Louis, and also attended the St. Louis Medical College, from \nwhich he gratuated in 1858. In the winter of 1859-60, he took a \ncourse of lectures at the Jefierson Medical College in Philadelphia, \nfrom which he received his diploma in the spring of 1860. He had \nbegun the practice of medicine in Ashland, in 1858, and returning \nthere, after finishing his course, he resumed the practice, which he \nhas built up to be both extensive and lucrative. He had not practiced \nto any extent, however, when the war came on and he entered the \nConfederate service as surgeon of the 6th Missouri regiment of infantry, \nClark\'s division of Gen. Price\'s army. He was in the battles of \nBoonville and Pea Ridge, and after the latter, was assigned to the \nhospital service until May following, when he returned home. Dr. \nMartin was marled, October 3d, 1860, to Mary L. Blanton, of Ken- \ntucky. Three sons and four daughters have been born to bless this \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 667 \n\nunion, all of whom survive at this writing. The doctor is a member \n\xe2\x80\xa2of the New Salem Baptist church, and also of the Ashland lodge of A. \nF. and A. M. \n\nW. T. MAUPIN. \n\nWellington Tilman Maupin is a son of W. C. and Elizabeth Scott \nMaupin, both natives of Albemarle county, Virginia. They came to \nSt. Charles county, Missouri, in 1835, and to Warren county in 1837, \nwhere Mr. M. engaged in merchandising in addition to farming. Here \nWellington T. Maupin was born January 16, 1838, being the third \nchild and second son of a family of four sons and two daughters. In \nthe spring of 1845 his parents removed to St. Louis, and in the fall of \nthe same year to Boone, settling on a farm and also keeping a store \nat Nashville, ten miles southwest of Columbia. Here young Maupin \nimproved the educational advantages afforded by the common schools \nof his neighborhood, and attended them whenever possible, his educa- \ntion being mainly the result of his own efforts. In 1857 he entered \nthe dry goods house of Stephens, Conley & Smith, at Columbia, and \nhere remained one year, the next year becoming deputy postmaster. \nAfterwards he was for five years salesman for Hume & Park, dealers \nin general merchandise, and then became a member of the firm, which \nthen took the name of Hume, Park & Co. In 1867 he engaged as \nsalesman with Barth, Victor & Myer, general merchants. In 1870 he \nengaged in the grocery trade in partnership with Mr. Allen, the firm \nbeing Allen & Maupin. In 1875 he disposed of his interest in this \nbusiness and for the next two years was a salesman, first for Riggins \n& Orear, and afterwards for Moss & Prewitt. In 1877 he came to \nAshland, where he has since been engaged in merchandising, at first \n*\' on his own hook," and subsequently, in September, 1881, becoming \na member of the firm of Wiseman, Maupin & Co.\' \n\nNovember 5, 1863, at Kansas City, Mr. Maupin married Miss Re- \nbecca E. Wilson, of Lexington, Kentucky, daughter of an American \nofficer who fell in the war with Mexico. To them have been born four \nchildren, two only of whom are now living. Mr. Maupin has been a \nmember of the M. E. church. South, since 1854. He belongs to Twi- \nlight Lodge, A. F. and A. M., of Columbia, and also to the Good \nTemplars. He has been several times a delegate, and is now delegate \nelect, to the annual Methodist conference of Missoqri. In 1871 he was \nlicensed by his church as an exhorter. He was at one time superin- \ntendent of the Columbia Sabbath school, and is now superintendent of \nthe Methodist Sunday school at Ashland. \n\n\n\n668 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMRS. MARY M. MURRY. \n\nThe maiden name of Mrs. Murry was Glasgow. Her father, Nathan \nGlasgow, was one of the early pioneers of Missouri. Her mother\'s \nmaiden name was Graham. Mrs. Murry was first married to Erastus \nKing, of Callaway county, in 1848. Mr. King died in 1856, leaving \nthree small children, all boys. In the spring of 1865 Mrs. Murry \nmoved to the farm upon which she now resides, ten miles southeast of \nColumbia, containing 480 acres. Two of her sons, Nathan and John \nG. King, live with her. In 1874 she was married to Andrew Murry, \nwho died in 1876. Mrs. Murry\'s sons were all educated at Westmin- \nster college, Fulton, Missouri. One son died in infancy. \n\np. HENRY m\'KENNA. \n\nP. Henry McKenna was born in Jefferson county. New York, March \n19, 1839. He is the son of James and Margaret (Bruton) McKenna. \nHis father was a farmer, and the son was brought up in that avocation. \nHe joined the Union army at the breaking out ot the war, becoming a \nmember of Company C, First New York light artillery, with which he \nserved through all the most prominent battles of the Army of the \nPotomac. He took part in sixteen of the hardest-fought engagements \nof the war; participated in the battles of Bull Eun, Fredericksburg, \nChancellorsville, Gettysburg, Falling Waters, Antietam,the battles of \nthe Wilderness and around Richmond. He was married September \n15, 1870, to Miss Julia, daughter of Otis and Rosette Legate. They \nhave four children living \xe2\x80\x94 Charles Edwin, Laurena Henry, Fred, \nand Bertha. The subject of this sketch was left an orphan at an early \nage, and commenced work for himself at three dollars a month. He \nnot only had to care for himself, but for several younger members of \nthe family. He owns about 400 acres of land near Claysville, and one \nof the finest views in the State. His house stands on a high bluff, \nback from the river about one and a half miles. He is the postmas- \nter at Claysville. He is a genial, whole-souled man, a kind neighbor, \nand worthy citizen. He has by his own labor accumulated a compe- \ntency, and enjoys it as a reasonable man should. \n\nTHOMAS GARLAND OLD. \n\nThomas Garland Old, blacksmith, is the son of S. M. and Elizabeth \n(Nichols) Old. His parents were Kentuckians, who emigrated to \nBoone county, Missouri, where the subject of this sketch was born,. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 669 \n\nFebruary 6th, 1844. The elder Old was a farmer, and the son was \nreared on a farm and worked at that business himself. Commenced \nworking at the blacksmith\'s trade six or seven years ago. Settled at \n\xe2\x82\xaclaysville in November, 1881. Was married May 18th, 1876, to Vir- \nginia, daughter of George Mack Hickam, of Boone county. They \nhave two children, Hezekiah and Luvestie. Mrs. Old\'s father was \nborn and raised in Boone county. Her mother came from North Car- \nolina. \n\nREV. DAVID OTT. \n\nDavid Ott, Sr., father of the subject of this sketch, was a native of \nVirginia. He emigrated first to Kentucky and then to Missouri, land- \ning in Boone county in 1826. He first settled about six miles south- \nwest of Columbia, where he remained two years. He then moved to \nPerche bottom, where he remained until 1844, when he removed to a \nplace northeast of Columbia, remaining there two years, thence to a \nfarm below Burlington, where he lived until his death, March 17th, \n1857, aged sixty-three. He was a wheelright by trade. The subject \nof this sketch was born May 13th, 1830. His mother\'s maiden name \nwas Susannah Perkins. She was a native of Virginia, moving first to \nKentucky and then to Missouri. She was married to David Ott in \nRock Castle county, Kentucky. David Ott, Jr., lived in Boone \ncounty until 1859, when he removed to Carroll county, Missouri, \nwhere he resided until 1862, when he moved to Linn county, where, \nin 1870, he was ordained a minister of the Baptist church, and was \nengaged in the ministry until he came to Burlington. Went to Texas \nin 1877, where his first wife died in 1878. Was in Texas about a \nyear and a half. Eeturned to Carroll county and engaged in the min- \nistry for a while as a missionary, then returned to Boone. While in \nCarroll county was pastor of Coloma and Bethlehem churches and \nsupiDlied the church at DeWitt. After returning to Boone he preached \nfor the Burlington church for one year. Was first married Septem- \nber 21st, 1853, to Miss Matilda A., daughter of William and Mary \nRisk, natives of Kentucky. Have five living children by the first \nwife: Nathan B., A. L., J. B., M. F. and John P. The first four \nnamed are living in Carroll, the last mentioned is with his father. \nMr. Ott was married the second time January 8th, 1878, to Mrs. \nSarah (Nichols) Chase. Mr. Ott was in the Union army about twelve \nmonths, being a member of Company C, Forty-third regiment, Mis- \nsouri Volunteers. He was for a while a lieutenant in the "Bobtail \nMilitia" of Carroll county. He is a Mason and a Granger. Was \n\n\n\n670 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\na constable and a justice of the peace while a citizen of Carroll \ncounty. He is of German origin. \n\nOTWAY p. PECK. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was a native of Maryland, but was reared \nin Virginia. After he grew to manhood, he emigrated to Mason \ncounty, Kentucky, where he was elected sheriff for two terms, discharg- \ning the duties of that office satisfactorily. He then moved to Lexing- \nton, Missouri, and was living there when the gold fever of " \'49 " \ntook so many of Missouri\'s best citizens to California. While he was \nabsent in California his family moved to St. Francois county, where \nthey remained about a year, and then moved to Ste. Genevieve, where, \nafter about a year, they were joined by Mr. Peck, who had come \nback from California. They then moved to Boone county in the fall \nof 1852, and settled in Columbia. He died in Johnson county, Mis- \nsouri. He made considerable money in California, but was taken sick \namong strangers and his money melted away. He was married the \nfirst time to Miss Ann DeBell, of Kentucky, who died after being \nmarried five or six years. By this marriage they had one son, who \ndied in California. He married the second time Miss Frances C, \ndaughter of Edward Wood, Esq., of Fleming county, Kentucky, by \nwhom he had eight children, only three of whom are living, E. H., \nborn in Washington, Mason county, Ky., July 26th, 1841; F. W., \nborn in Lexington, Ky., February 8th, 1850, and O. P., born January \n1st, 1853. They were reared mostly in Boone county. E. H. and F. \nW. are in the drug business at Ashland under the firm name of Peck \nBros., where they have been since March 19th, 1879. E. H. Peck \nlearned the drug business in Columbia, and is considered a first-class \npharmacist. He took quite a trip through Texas, Indian Territory \nand Kansas. After coming back to Columbia he was postmaster there, \nand then went into business for himself and succeeded admirably. He \nwas educated at subscription schools and at the University. He was \none of the charter members of the Knights of Pythias Lodge at \nColumbia, and has been city treasurer of Ashland for two years. His \nfather and mother were strict members of the Old School Presby- \nterian church. The Pecks were all descendants from three brothers, \nwho came over from Ireland, and upon the mother\'s side were of \nFrench and German extraction. Thomas Stone, one of the signers \nof the Declaration of Independence, was one of their mother\'s an- \ncestors. . \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 671 \n\n\n\nELI PENTER \n\n\n\nIs the son of Martin and Nancy A. (nee Tate) Penter, and was \nborn on his father\'s farm in Independence county, Arkansas, February \n7, 1836. When but thirteen years old he went to Oregon, where he \nattended the common schools, the Salem Institute and the Winchester \nAcademy. From the spring of \'62 till the fall of \'65, he was engaged \nin trading in the mines of Oregon and Idaho, transferring supplies \nfrom the head of navigation to the interior mines, doing a wholesale \nand also a jobbing business. In the fall of ^65 he sold out at Idaho \nCity^ and came via Salt Lake City and Denver to Omaha, and thence \non to Quincy, Illinois, where he spent part of the succeeding winter, \nwinding up with a visit to his old home in Arkansas. His coming ta \nBoone county was in April, 1866. The three years succeeding he \nspent in farming and in teaching in this county. In the fall of 1867 \nhe entered the University of Columbia, in the Sophomore class, grad- \nuating with honors in the class of 1870. During his last year at the \nUijiversity he was an instructor in that institution. After leaving the \ncollege he became the teacher of the public school at Ashland, which \nposition he filled for three years, engaging in the study of law at the \nsame time. June 6th, 1873, he was admitted to the bar at the session \nof the circuit court at Columbia. He has since been eno;ao;ed in the \npractice of his profession, and in attending to his duties as a notary \nand in the business of conveyancer and real estate agent. April 1st, \n1875, in connection with J. W. Johnson, he began the publication of \nthe Ashland Bugle, and continued the same for two years. During \nthe troubles with the Indians in Oregon, Mr. Penter served six months \nin the Oregon volunteers ao;ainst the savao-es, and was in two reoular \nengagements and a number of skirmishes with them. \n\nNovember 9th, 1881, Mr. Penter was married to Miss Maggie B. \nJohnston, daughter of Rev. J. T. M. Johnston, of Boone county. \nMr. P. is a member of the Masonic fraternity and of the Knights of \nPythias. In politics he is a Democrat ; for a number of years he was \na member of the county central committee, and has fi\'equently been \nsent as a delegate to his party\'s county, senatorial and State conven- \ntions. \n\nMICAJAH GIBSON PROCTOR \n\nIs the son of Micajah and Nancy (Sullins) Proctor, and was born \nNovember 14th, 1819, in this county. His father and mother were \nboth natives of Kentucky. His father died in 1819 and his mother \n\n\n\n672 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nin 1824, here in Boone. His father settled on the Big Bonne Femme, \nabout four miles and a half south of where Mr. Proctor is now living. \nUpon the family\'s breaking up at the death of his parents he lived \nwith a brother of his mother until he was sixteen years of age, when \nhe went out to fight life\'s battles for himself. He was without means \nor education, the facilities for schooling being very poor in those early \ndays. The first year he worked for wages, and received pay for every \nday with the exception of one half day which he worked upon the \nroad. At the close of the year he had saved $120. He went to \nschool nine months and again resumed work. He then taught two \nterms of three months each. He married on November 1st, 1844, \nMiss Julia Ann Ballinger, daughter of Elijah and Mary Ballinger. \nHis wife is a native of South Carolina. They have had ten children, \nfive of whom are now living \xe2\x80\x94 James E., Mary E., Micajah Gibson, \nJasper Emmett and Charles Everett. Himself and wife are members \nof the Old School Baptist church. He was a volunteer in the Mormon \nwar, but never saw service, as the trouble ceased before he arrived at \nthe rendezvous. His father forted and farmed near Boonville when \nhe first came here because of the hostile Indians near there. Mr. \nProctor has been a school director for forty years, with the exception \nof a year or two. He has a splendid farm, nearly all acquired by his \nown industry and good management. He is one of Boone\'s substan- \ntial citizens and a clever gentleman. \n\nDAVID RICE. \n\nDavid Rice was born in Hardin county, Kentucky, September 4th, \n1800. He is the son of John and Patsy (Johnson) Eice. When \nnineteen years of age, he came to Boone county. His father came a \nyear later. They settled at Boone\'s Lick. In 1821 moved to the \nBonne Femme, four miles southeast of McConathy\'s mill. He was a \nfarmer, and his son, David, was brought up in the same occupation. \nWas married, March 22d, 1829, to Miss Sallie, daughter of Higgason \nand Nancy Harris. They have had nine children, five of whom are \nnow livino- : Higgason H., Julina, John J., David Barton and Sarah \nE. Mr. and Mrs. Rice are both members of the Baptist church. Mr. \nRice has been a communicant for sixty years. Mr. Rice had a con- \ntract for furnishing lumber for the capitol building at Jefferson City, \nand rafted to that city three hundred pieces of timber. Mrs. Rice has \na counterpane which she spun and wove with h^r own hands sixty \nyears ago. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \xc2\xab 673 \n\nHTGGASON H. RICE \n\nIs the son of David uiid Sarah (Harris) Eice, and was born in \nBoone county, Missouri, June 6th, 1831, and has lived in the \ncounty ever since. He entei-ed the hind from the United States Gov- \nernment upon which he lives. He married Miss Mary S. Cropper, \ndaughter of Thomas and Nancy Anne (Mitchell) Cropper, of Cooper \ncounty. By this marriage he had seven children, all living : David \nG., John R., Franklin D., Penelope W., Lelia B., Wm. F. and Mary \nS. His first wife died in June, 1874. His second wife was Miss \nSarah E. Sappington, daughter of Wm. Sappington, by whom he had \nthree children: Sarah E., Tyre H. and Palmer. His second wife \ndied January 2d, 1882. Mr. Rice is a member of the Missionary Bap- \ntist church, and has been a deacon about 27 years. He is one of the \noldest Masons of the county, having been at the institution of Twilight \nLodge, at Columbia. \n\nJOHN J. R[CE. \n\nJohn J. Rice is the son of David and Sarah Rice, natives of Ken- \ntucky, but among the first settlers of Boone county. Mr. Rice came \nto Missouri in 1818, and settled on the Bonne Femme creek. His \nwife, Sarah Harris, came with her parents, in 1819, settling in the \nsame neighborhood. David Rice moved, in 1835, to a farm neai\' \nClaysville, where he now resides. On this farm his son John was \nborn March 17th, 1836. He grew to manhood on this farm, atteud- \ning the schools of the ueighborhood. During the war he was in Illi- \nnois, where he engaged in various occupations. In the spring of \n1865 he was married to Miss Isabelle Nichols, of near Ashland, daugh- \nter of John F. Nichols. After his marriage Mr. Rice removed to a \nfarm he had previously purchased, three miles from Claysville. Here \nhe remained until the spring of 1872, when he moved to his present \nhome, one mile north of Ashland, on the gravel road. His wife hav- \ning died iu 1879, he married Sallie Douglass, a native of Boone \ncounty and a descendant of the first pioneers. Mr. Rice has four \nchildren, three sons and one daughter. He has been a member of the \nMt. Pleasant Baptist church since he was twenty-three years old. \nHe is also a member of the Ashland Lodge A. F. and A. M., and a \nmember of the Grange. \n\nMRS. CORNELIA ANN ROBINSON \n\nWas brought from Kentucky by her widowed mother, Sarah Brvan \n43 \n\n\n\nH74 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n(afterwards McClelland), in 1827, and was partially educated at \nBonne Femme Academy. In 1829 she was married to David M. \nHickman, after whose decease in 1856, she remained a widow for \nfourteen years. She was then, in 1870, married to Elder J. M. \nRobinson. At an early age she had professed religion, and was bap- \ntized by Elder R. S. Thomas, and was ever afterwards an energetic \nmember of the Baptist church. She united in an eminent degree the \nvarious qualities necessary to the supervision of any amoimt of work, \nregardless alike of former methods or extent. Each fall she had \nfrom six to eight of the better kinds of York carpets woven, and \nmade with her own hands some eighty or more garments, besides \nentertaining a great number of visitors annually. On many occa- \nsions she has been known to entertain over night from thirty-five to \nforty persons ! \n\nFor many years, later in life, she was in feeble health, and spent \nmuch of her time in visiting friends throughout the country, travel- \nling over the greater part of the continent. She gave liberally of \nher means to the poor and needy, never stinting her purse where \nshe thought she could do an act of real charity. This remarkable \nwoman wrote her own last will and testament. A correspondent says \nof her in an obituary: "Mrs. Robinson was a lady universally \nbeloved for her gentle, womanly nature and true. Christian charac- \nter. Amiable, unusually kind, charitable and affectionate in her \nfeelings, she was beloved by hosts of friends." Another writer \nsays: "Well do I remember her in my early boyhood when I \nplayed with her children as school-fellows and oftentimes visited \nher attractive, beautiful home, which was the seat of refinement and \nunsparing hospitality. Everything about her reflected jieatness, or- \nder and gentility, and her devotion to her friends, her neighbors \nand her church was indeed remarkable. She was always first at the \nhouse of God and the last to leave the altar of prayer. She per- \nmitted nothing to interfere with what she conceived to be her duty, \nand was fearless in its performance. Her presence was iiever a \nrestraint to the young, but, by her gentle manners, unselfish char- \nracter and kind words, she imparted joy and freedom to all." \n\nR. A. RODDY, DECEASED. \n\nR. A. Roddy, late a prominent business man of Providence and \nvicinity, was born in Tennessee, December 6th, 1831. Came to \nBoone countv with his widowed mother in 1836. He was married \n\n\n\n\nMRS. CORNELIA A. ROBINSON. \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. 675 \n\nOctober 26th, 1852 to Miss Sallie G. Tuttle, daughter of Gilpin Tuttle, \nof Boone county, Missouri. His father and mother were natives of \nSoutli Carolina. Mrs. Roddy\'s maiden name was Lewis. They were \nmarried in South Carolina in 1824 and removed to Tennessee the year \nfollowing. The elder Roddy died in 1835. Mrs. Roddy came to \nBoone county, Missouri, the year following, and lived here until her \nher death in 1860, having previously married James Dunn. She \nbrought four children with her to Missouri, Francis T., Robert A. and \nJames H. Robert A. was born December 6th, 1831. Was reared on \nthe farm five miles south of Providence and was educated in the com- \nmon schools of the county. When about twenty-one years of age he \ncommenced farming and continued in this business until 1868. He \nwas also largely engaged in the tobacco, hemp, and stock trade. In \nthe spring of 1869 he bought the interest of Mr. George Haydon in a \nstore at Providence, thereby becoming the partner of W. P. Tuttle, \nthe firm\'s name being Roddy & Tuttle. Mr. Roddy was drowned, \nOctober the 5th, 1877, while on his way to St. Louis, on board a \nsteamer, with hogs for that market. He was a member of the Nash- \nville Baptist church, also of the Masonic lodge at Columbia. Seven \nchildren were born to him. James G. , Robert A. , Margaret A. , Albert \nand Arthur are living. Two, Willie and Lucy, are dead, the former \nhaving been killed by a wagon, at the age of five years, the latter dy- \ning in February, 1881. The family still live at Providence. Robert \nis in the mercantile business with Turner S. Riggs and T. R. Courts, \nunder the firm name of R. A. Roddy &. Co. Mr. Conrts left \nthe firm in September, 1881. \n\nDR. JOHN T. ROTH WELL. \n\nDr. Rothwellwas born in Garrard county, Kentucky, July 11, 1840. \nHis father, Fountain Roth well, a native of Virginia, now resides in \nthe above named county, where he has spent the greater part of his \nlife, being a large farmer and stock-raiser. His mother, Jennie Roth- \nwell, was a native of Kentucky, and a daughter of Naaman Robberts, \nan officer in the war of 1812. John was the fifth child and fourth son \nof a family of seven children. Of his brothers. Rev. W. A. Roth- \nwell, M. D., now resides in Moberly : James M. Rothwell was captain \nin the Federal army, and is now an extensive coal miner in Kentucky ; \nSamuel D. Rothwell was a lieutenant in the Federal army ; Gideon B. \nRothwell is now living on the old homestead in Kentucky, His sister \nis the wife of Rev. W. A. Cravens, of Carthage, Missouri. The doc- \n\n\n\n676 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntor received a liberal education in his native State, sraduating; at Dan- \nville Central College in 1857. \n\nHe commenced the study of medicine in March, 1858, with Dr. W. \nA. Rothwell, who then lived in Callaway county, Missouri, and con- \ntinned with this gentleman until May, 1860, entering the St. Louis \nMedical College in the fall of the latter year. He was married in St. \nLouis to Miss Anna M. Cuthbert, daughter of Mrs. Cuthbert, princi- \npal of Cuthbert Academy, St. Louis, Missouri. Li March, 1861, he \ncommenced the practice of his chosen profession in Boone county, \nMissouri. During a part of the years 1861 and 1862 he was surgeon \nin the Confederate army ; he then resumed the practice in this county, \nand continued it until the year 1874, when he went to Colorado with \nhis invalid wife. Returning from that State two years later, he again \ncommenced the practice in Ashland, this county, where he still lives. \nHe was again married May 2, 1860, to Miss Savilhi J. RufFner, who \nwas a daughter of Peter J. RufFner, a large farmer and one of the \nearly settlers of Boone county. Of this marriage one son and one \ndau2:hter were born, of whom the son is still livino^. Dr. Rothwell is \nnow practicing with Dr. W. T. Lemon : is a member of the Metho- \ndist church and of the town council of Ashland ; an excellent phy- \nsician, and an estimable citizen. \n\nLEWIS SHELNUTT. \n\nJohn G. and Rachel Shelnutt, the parents of Lewis, were na- \ntives of Georgia. They came to Boone county, Missouri, in 1847. \nLewis was born in Georgia, December 12, 1844. He is the second \nson and sixth child of a family of four boys and thi-ee girls, of whom \ntwo sons and three daughters are now living. He was reared in \nCedar township, and educated at the district schools of the neighbor- \nhood and at Columbia. In 1863 he enlisted under Capt. Cook, in \nCompany F, Ninth M. S. M. In February, 1865, he was transferred \nto Capt. James B. Decker\'s company, of same regiment, in which \nhe served until the 13th of July foUov^^ing ; took part in several en- \no-ao-ements, in one of which he had a horse shot under him. After \nhis discharge he engaged in business at Columbia ; in 1868 went to \nfarming, and in 1874 moved to the farm which he now occupies, three \nmiles northwest of Ashland. Mr. Shelnutt was married April 2, \n1869, to Miss Susan F., daughter of William Blackburn, of Boonq^ \ncounty. They have four sons and three daughters. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 677 \n\nFELIX GRUNDY SITTON, M. D. \n\nDr. Sittou is the son of J. T. and Priscilla (May) Sitton, and \nwas born on a farm two miles from Fulton, Callaway county, Mis- \nsouri, March 8, 1822. His father was a native of Tennessee, and \nhis mother of Kentucky, though they came to Missouri in an early \nday, where they became acquainted and were married. Di*. Felix \nGr. was the ehlest of a family of four sons and one daughter, the \nlatter being deceased. One of the brothers resides at Ashland, in \nthis county, and the other, Albert G. Sitton, is in the medical prac- \ntice at Claysville. The subject of this sketch attended the common \nschools of his native county, and acquired a knowledge of algebra, \nnatural philosophy, etc., at the school of Mr. Woodsworth, near Wil- \nliamsburg. At that time he was eighteen years old. For the next \ntwo years he engaged in teaching, also continuing his studies in pri- \nvate. In the spring of 1845 he commenced the stud}\' of medicine \nunder Dr. E. Rackliffe, of Portland, Callaway county, at the same \ntime earning the means to prosecute his studies by his own industr3^ \nTwo years later he went to St. Louis, where he finished his medi- \ncal course and received his diploma from the St. Louis Medical Col- \nlege. He began the practice four miles north of Ashland in 1849, \nboarding first in the family of Mr. Strode, and iH-acticing in that \npart of the county. In 1855 he moved to Ashland, where he has \nsince resided and practiced his profession. June 14, 1846, he en- \nlisted in Capt. Rogers\' company of Col. Doniphan\'s regiment, and \nserved in the Mexican war in. the "Army of the West," under Gen. \nKearney. On account of failing health, however, he was discharged \nfrom service, and returned home in August. In the following May, \nhis health being recovered, he went to St. Louis to continue his studies in \nthe hospitals. Dr Sitton was first married January 4, 1853, to Miss Susaii \nStrode, daughter of Jacob S. and Frances Strode. She died September \n14, 1871, having borne four sons and two daughters, all living but one \nson. The doctor was again married February 4, 1877, to Miss Clara \nJ. Roberts, daughter of John S. and Sallie Roberts, and granddaugh- \nter of the Roberts who owned the land on which part of Ashland \nnow stands. By the last marriage he had two girls. Dr. Sitton \nhas been a member of the New Salem Baptist church since 1852, \nand twenty-two years of that time he has served as moderator. \nHe is an active temperance man and a strong prohibitionist. The \nhistorians of this work are much indebted to Dr. Sitton for a <1e- \n\n\n\n678 HISTORY OF BOONK COUNTY. \n\ntailed history of New Salem church, of which he has been so long a \nmember. \n\nALFRED SLACK. \n\nJohn Slack, the father of Alfred, was a native of Pennsylvania. \nHe emigratedto Kentucky in 1810 and to Boone county, Missouri, \nin 1819. His mother, Mary (Caldwell) Slack, was a native of Ken- \ntucky. Alfred was born February 21, 1821. He was the fourth son \nand fifth child of a family of six sons and two daughters, two sons \nand one daughter of whom are now living. Gen. William Y. Slack, \nof the Confederate army, killed at the battle of Pea Ridge, was an \nelder brother. Alfred was a student of the State University from the \nopening session of that institution until he completed his studies. \nAfter leaving the University, he spent two years in Columbia, clerk- \ning in a store. In 1843, the elder Slack having been appointed tobacco \ninspector by Governor Reynolds, which necessitated his removal to \nSt. Louis, Alfred took charge of his farm and managed it for him dur- \ning his absence. In the spring of 1850 he crossed the plains to Cali- \nfornia Avhere he remained for two j\'ears devoting his attention to min- \ning. Returning in 1852, he located at Boonville, where he engaged \nin the mercantile business until 1881, when he came to Boone county, \nwhere he now resides. He is living nine miles southeast of Columbia \nupon a farm of 350 acres. He was first married in Cooper county to \nMiss Nannie O\'Brien, who died in 1865. Afterwards he married Miss \nMarv A. Stark, a native of Boone county, and sister to Newman B. \nStark. Has had three children, two daughters and one son, of whom \none son and one daughter are living. \n\nFRANCIS M. SMITH. \n\nFrancis Marion Smith is the son of William Smith, a native of Mer- \ncer county, Kentucky. He came to St. Louis at an early day and to \nBoone county in 1818 with Peter Ellis, whose daughter he married. \nHe settled on a farm in the vicinity of Ashland, which he finally im- \nproved. Upon this farm the subject of this sketch was born. Febru- \nary 18, 1840. Was raised on the farm and educated in the common \nschools of the neighborhood. Has had charge of the farm upon which \nhe now lives since 1864. Has always followed the occupation of a \nfarmer and a dealer in stock, principally cattle and mules. Mr. Smith \nwas married in Audrain county, September 14, 1864, to Miss Hattie \nJ. Pearson, daughter of Richmond Pearson. They have two sons. \nSmirtM.h has been a justice of the peace since 1880. He is a \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n.^"T\'^^^C^^X^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 679 \n\nmember of Dry Fork Baptist church ; also of the Ancient Order \nUnited Workmen. \n\nWILLIAM SMITH, DECEASED. \n\nWilliam Smith was the son of George W. Smith, of Kentucky. He \nwas born on his father\'s farm, in Mercer county, Kentucky, April 24, \n1797. He was the oldest of three sons and four daughters. Of these \none son and three daughters are now living : Washington in Arkan- \nsas, Mrs. Shoults in Boone county, Mrs. Piatt in St. Louis county, \nMrs. Graves in Texas. William came with his father to St. Louis \ncounty, Missouri, in 1816, where the elder Smith lived until his death. \nLi 1818 William came to Boone county in company with Peter Ellis, \nSr., whose eldest daughter he married October 29, 1818. This was \nthe first marriao-e ever celebrated within the bounds of what now con- \nstitutes Boone county, then part of Howard county. Ten children \nwere born of this marriage, seven sons and three daughters. They \nlived to see all their children grown, married and settled, most of them \nwithin a few miles of the old home. After his marriage Mr. Smith \nmoved to Callaway county, where he remained seven years. In 1827 \nhe returned to Boone county and settled on the land now owned and \noccupied by his son, F. W- Smith. In 1842 he built a large brick \ndwelling in which he lived and died, his death occurring May 24, 1872. \nMrs. Smith died May 1, 1876. Mr. Smith was a zealous \nmember of the Methodist church. For twenty-five years his \nlarge mansion was used as a place for holding religious \nservices. He was an enterprising, thrifty, public-spirited citi- \nzen, doing all in his power to promote every enterprise that was \ncalculated to benefit his people. He was an active, zealous worker \nin the cause of education and gave liberal support to every scheme \nlooking to a higher and better system of public education. He sub- \nscribed largely to the State University and lived to see and realize the \nfruits of his generosity. Although his life was spent in retirement, he \nleft a name and reputation that will ever survive him. He was a good \nman and a useful citizen. \'> \n\nHIRAM SMITH. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of William and Nancy (Ellis) \nSmith. He is entitled to the distinction of beino; the first white child \nborn in Boone county of parents who were married in this county. \nHe was born on the old Peter Ellis farm, August 18th, 1819. He \nis the eldest of a family of seven boys and three girls. Remained \n\n\n\n680 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwith his parents until 1845, when he removed to the farm upon which \nhe now resides, consisting of 300 acres, adjoinhig the old homestead. \nWas married December 19th, 1844, to Miss Mary A Hubbard, a \nnative of Boone county, and daughter of Daniel Hubbard, one of the \nearly pioneers. By this marriage they have had four sons and two \ndaughters, of whom three sons are now livino-. Mr. Smith is a mem- \nberoftheNew Salem Baptist church. He is largely interested in \nstock raising and has some choice high-grade cattle. His farm is \nfinely improved. His three sons are all married. David H. is a \nmerchant at Mexico, Missouri ; Dr. William E.. is located at Carring- \nton station, Callaway county, and Thomas B. is a farmer and resides \nin this county. \n\nPETER E. SMITH, DECEASED. \n\nPeter Ellis Smith was one among the oldest native born citizens of \nBoone county. His father, William Smith, came to Boone county \nin 1818. He married Nancy, eldest daughter of Peter Ellis, Sr., the \nprogenitor of the Ellis family of Boone county. The subject of this \nsketch was born March 28th, 1821. He was the second son and \nsecond child of a family of seven sons and three daughters, five of \nwhom are now living, all but one in Boone county. When five or six \nyears old, his father moved to the farm now occupied by F. M. Smith. \nHe remained on this farm until his marriage, February 26th, 1846. \nHis first wife was Miss Nancy Moseley, daughter of William Moseley, \nof Boone county. Mr. Smith had a fine farm of 500 acres, situated \nseven miles northeast of Ashland and twelve miles southeast of Colum- \nbia. He was a successful breeder of thoroughbred cattle. Was a \nmember of the Methodist church. Had four children, two sons and \ntwo daughters, of Avhom only one daughter is now living. The first \nwife having died in 1872, he was again mariaed, July 26th, 1874, to \nMrs. Lorinda J. Wheeler, daughter of John Crobarger, of St. Louis. \n\nJOHN E. SMITH. \n\nJohn Ellis Smith is the son of William and Nancy (Ellis) Smith, \nwho were among the first settlers of Boone county. The subject of \nthis sketch was born on the old Smith farm, in Boone county, October \n15th, 1830. He was the fifth son and sixth child of a family of \nseven sons and three daughters. He was reared on the farm and \neducated at the common schools of the neighborhood. He lived on \nthe home place until 1859, when he bought the farm, where he now \nlives, which contains 320 acres and is situated six miles northeast of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 681 \n\nAshland. He is largely interested in agriciilture and is an extensive \ndealer in stock. He was married in Callaway connty, October 9th, \n1856, to Miss Mary J. Boyd, daughter of Thomas Boyd, now a citizen \nof Benton county, Missouri. They had four sons, three of whom are \nliving. Mr. Smith is a member of the Methodist church. \n\nGILPIN SPENCER \n\nIs the son of Perry and Eliza Jane (Wiseman) Spencer; was born on \nthe farm where he now lives on the 5th day of February, 1835. His \nfather was born in Talbot county, Maryland, and was engaged in busi- \nness in Baltimore for several years. Financial reverses overtook him \nand he came West and engaged in farming, which he continued until \nhis death in 1862. His son Gilpin is living upon the old home place, \nattending strictly to business, handling stock and raising grain, of \nwhich wheat is his specialty. He was married, December 10th, 1862, \nto Miss Sarah C. Hubbard, daughter of George and Patsy Hill (Gibbs) \nHubbard. They have three children living and one dead, All)ert B., \nSallie Carrie (deceased), George Perry and Susannah. Himself, wife \nand oldest son are members of the Methodist church at Burlington, \nwhich church he was instrumental in building and is now one of the \nleading members. His is a fine farm containing ovei" six hundred \nacres of choice land. \n\nJOSEPH 1. STERNE, \n\nThe son of Thomas and Nancy (Ingles) Sterne, was born in Harrison \ncounty, Kentucky, May 2d, 1828. His ftither was a native of Vir- \nginia, and his mother of Kentucky. His mother\'s parents were Joseph \nand Mary (Bryant) Ingles. His grandmother on his mother\'s side \nwas a niece of Daniel Boone. He was married October 28th, 1852, \nto Miss Emma Coleman, daughter of Whitehead and Elizabeth (Pow- \nell) Coleman. By this union they have had seven children, six of \nwhom are living, Thomas W., James G., Frank, Mary B., Dixie, \nKate and Lizzie, deceased. He is a member .of the Masonic fraterni- \nty and his wife is a member of the Missionary Baptist church. He has \nbeen engaged in farming prett}\'^ much all his life, and is a good citizen \nand clever gentleman. \n\nTHOMAS W. STERNE. \n\nMr. Sterne is the son of Joseph and Emma (Coleman) Sterne, and \nwas born in Harrison county, Kentucky, January 20th, 1854. His \nfather moved from Kentucky to Boone county, Missouri, when Thomas \nwas about three years old, where the young man was reared. He was \n\n\n\n682 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmarried, October 9th, 1881, to Miss Annie L. Wright, a daughter of \nHale T. Wright. Mr. Sterne has a good common school education \nand is regarded as one of the most worthy young men of his section, \nHe is a member of the Masonic lodge at Ashland and his wife is a \nmember of the Baptist church. \n\nJUDGE WILLIAM PORTER TUTTLE. \n\nJudge William Porter Tuttle is the son of John Tuttle, a native of \nVirginia, who, when a young man, went to Kentucky on horseback, \nand while there married Susan Elliott, a native of that State. They \nemigrated to Boone county, Missouri, about the year 1826, and set- \ntled five miles southwest of Columbia. They were members of the \nPresbyterian church, in which faith they lived and died. The subject \nof this sketch was born January 20th, 1834. He was the youngest of \na family of three boys and three girls, all of whom are now living \nexcept one sister, Mary Jane, who died in 1841, at the age of eighteen. \nAll of the family, except one, are living in Boone county. Porter \nwas reared on his father\'s farm. At the age of sixteen he entered the \nMissouri State University, taking the full course as prescribed by that \ninstitution. After completing his studies he entered the store of \nGilpin S. Tuttle, at Nashville, Boone county. Two years later he \nwas married to his cousin, Nannie P. Tuttle, daughter of his employer. \nHe then went into partnership with his uncle at Providence, under the \nfirm name of G. S. & W. P. Tuttle. They did business until they \nwere obliged to close the store on account of their political opinions. \nThis was in 1861. In the summer of that year he enlisted in Capt. \nSamuel Tuttle\'s company, of Col. McKinney\'s regiment. Confederate \narmy. He took part in the battles of Drywood and Lexington. \nWhile recruiting on this side of the river, was captured, December \n15th, 1861. Was sent a prisoner to McDowell\'s College, St. Louis, \nwhere he was soon afterwards prostrated with a severe attack of \nsmall-pox, remaining from the 25th of December, 1861, until March, \n1862, in the hospital. Recovering at last, he was released from prison \non taking the oath of allegiance to the Federal Government. On his \nreturn he resumed business at Providence under the firm name of \nThomas P. & William M. Tuttle. In 1864 they were robbed three \ntimes by guerillas, and once by the Federal soldiers. He now gave \nup the mercantile business and went to freighting across the plains to \nNew Mexico, and finally to Montana, the work being in the interest ot \nthe Federal Government. In 1867 he returned to Providence and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 683 \n\nresumed the merciintile business with George Haydon & Co. Two \nyears later Mr. Haydoii sold to R. A. Roddy and the business went on \nin the name of Roddy & Tuttle. Mr. Roddy was drowned, October 5th, \n1877, and Mr. Tuttle associated in business S. J. Conley, with whom \nhe is still doing business under the firm name of Tuttle & Conley. \nThey do a large mercantile, grain and stock business, and are largely \ninterested in farming. Judge Tuttle has had three sons and five \ndaughters born to him, four of whom \xe2\x80\x94 Charles T , Annie R., Marion \nL., and Victoria R., are dead. The living are Sallie, William M., \nPorter H., and Clara E. Mr. Tuttle was elected judge of the Boone \ncounty court in 1880, and is, at this writing (summer of 1882), a can- \ndidate for re-election, with a fair prospect of being his own successor. \nHe was commissioned postmaster at Providence in 1879, which posi- \ntion he resigned on being elected a judge of the county court. He \nhas been a member of the Baptist church for twenty-seven years. \nMrs. Tuttle has been a member of the same church for twenty-eight \nyears. They united with the church at Old Nashville and were \nimmersed in the Missouri river. Has been a member of the Ashland \nlodge of A. F. & A. M. since 1862. \n\nJ. LUCAS TURNER. \n\nJames Lucas Turner is the son of Major Henry Smith Turner, who ] ^. \nwas born in King George county, Virginia, April 1st, 1811. He en- \ntered West Point Military Academy in 1830, graduating in 1834. In \nhis class were Gen. Halleck and Major John H. Lee, now living On \nSCraduatino;. was commissioned brevet second-lieutenant of First \nDragoons. Became adjutant at regimental headquarters in July, 1836, \nwhich position he held for two years. Was commissioned first- \nlieutenant March 3d, 1837, and aid-de-camp to Geii. Adkinson in \nJuly, 1839. After which he was sent by the War Department, with \ntwo of his fellow-graduates, to the cavalry school of France, for the \npurpose of studying the system of tactics taught at that institution \nwith a view of preparing a manual for the United States army. Spent \ntwo years in this work. Returning home in 1841, he was made adju- \ntant of his regiment and stationed at Fort Leavenworth, where he \nremained until 1846. Was breveted major for gallant service on the \nfrontier, and resigned in 1848. In 1850 was appointed assistant \ntreasurer for the government at St. Louis, which position he held for \nthree years. In 1853 engaged in the banking business with James H. \nLucas and Gen. W. T. Sherman, remaining with the St. Louis firm \n\n\n\n684 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nuntil 1857, when lie went to San Francisco, where Lucas, Turner & \nCo. had a branch house. Major Turner was married to Julia Hunt, \ndaughter of Capt. Theodore Hunt, of the U. S. A., a first cousin of \nGen. Robert E. Lee. Mrs. Turner is the granddaughter of John B. \nC, Lucas and Ann L. Hunt, who was the daughter of John Baptiste \n\n\n\n\nCharles Lucas, of Normandy, France. He was educated for the bar, \nand emigrated to America, settling at Philadelphia. He was a mem- \nber of the legislature and ju(5ge of the common pleas court of that \ncity. In 1803-4 was a member of Congress, resigned his seat to ac- \ncept the office of commissioner of titles for the province of Upper \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 685 \n\nLouisiana. J. Lucas Turner was born in St. Louis, September 25th, \n1854, where he remained until his family removed to Philadelphia, in \n1863. In 1866 the family returned to St. Louis, and J. Lucas went \nto Orleans, France, where he studied for three years. Returning to \nthe United States, he completed his education in 1869 at Georgetown \nCollege, District of Columbia. In 1874 he went into business in St. \nLouis as stockholder and director of the Harrison Wire (company. \nHe remained in this business for two years. For two years following \nwas connected with the Lucas bank, St. Louis. His health failing, \nhe retired from the bank and moved a short distance into the country. \nIn 1880 he removed to Boone county, settling on the farm where he \nlives at this writing. He has a fine place of six hundred acres located \ntwelve miles south of Columbia. Mr. Turner was married, November \n15th, 1876, to Miss Bertha G. Chouteau, of St. Louis, daughter of \nHenry Chouteau, Jr., and granddaughter of Henry Chouteau, Sr., \nwho was killed in the Gasconade bridge accident, while a passenger \non the first train over the Missouri Pacific railroad. He has one son \nand one daughter. Mr. Turner is the tenth child and eighth son of a \nfamily of ten sons and seven daughters, of whom ten \xe2\x80\x94 five of each \nsex \xe2\x80\x94 are now living His eldest brother, Capt. Thomas T. Turner, \nwas a member of Gen. Ewell\'s staff. Wilson P. H. Turner was first- \nlieutenant in Col. Pelham\'s light artillery, and was killed at the \nsecond battle of Manassas. His uncle, Thomas Turner, was admiral \nin the United States Navy, and had command of the navy yard at \nPhiladelphia. Mr. Turner devotes his entire attention to breeding \nthoroughbred horses and Jersey cattle. His stock is not excelled on \nthe continent for purity of blood and lineage. With a determination \nto excel in this business, he has spared neither time, pains nor money \nin stocking his excellent farm with the finest grade of horses and cat- \ntie that could be purchased. It is too soon for him to realize the \nbright hopes which he reasonably cherishes, but the day is not far dis- \ntant when the attention of all lovers of fast and beautiful horses will \nbe turned to this splendid collection, the nucleus of which cannot be \nexcelled in this country. \n\nTHOMAS GILPIN TUTTLE. \n\nMr. Tuttle is the son of John Tuttle, a farmer, who was a native \nof Virginia, and born near Bull Run creek, where so much hard \nfighting was done during the civil war. John\'s wife, and Thomas\' \nmother, was Susan Hall Elliott, a native of Kentucky. The subject \n\n\n\n686 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof this sketch was born on his father\' s farm , in Boone county, July 20, \n1831, where he continued to reside till 1864. His education was \nobtained in the schools of his neio-hborhood, which he attended durinof \nboyhood. The winter of 1858-59 was spent in Texas. In January, \n1862, he, being a Southern sympathizer, was arrested by order of \nGen. J. B. Douglass, of the M. S. M., and confined in Gratiot street \n(St. Louis) prison, and was also held at Alton. He was released in \nthe latter part of June following, but had to swear allegiance and give \na bond of $4,000. Returning home he cultivated his farm till he sold \nit in the spring of 1864. He then engaged in the mercantile business \nin Providence, this county, with his brother. He was twice robbed \nby Anderson\'s men, and was also effectually cleaned out by the Fed- \nerals, under Gen. Fisk. \n\nIn the spring of 1865, he, with two brothers, went to freighting \nacross from Fort Leavenworth to Colorado and Montana. In Decem- \nber, 1865, he moved his family to Saline county, where he farmed and \nfed stock for two years. He bought a farm in the spring of \'68, eight \nmiles west of Columbia, where he lived ten years, until his removal to \nAshland in \'78. There he engaged in the furniture and undertaking \nbusiness, where he still resides. He also cultivates a farm adjoining \nthe town on the south. Mr. Tuttle was married June 19, 1855, to \nGillie C, daughter of James S. Lowery, of Boone county. She died \nin 1872, and he was again married in \'74, to Miss Georgie E. Tuttle, \ndaughter of Judge Gilpin S. Tuttle, of Boone county. Mr. Tuttle is \nthe father of two sons, oldest born in 1875, and younger in 1882. \n\nHe is a member of Ashland lodge of A. F. & A, M., and was a \ncharter member of Locust Grove Grange, P. of H. \n\nWILLIAM CORNELIUS VANAUSDAL. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Bridgeton, St. Louis county, \nMissouri, December 4, 1841. He is the son of Wm. M. and Mary \nAnn (Robertson) Vanausdal. His father was from Greenbrier county, \nVirginia ; and his mother was a native of South Carolina. His father \nwas drowned oflJ" the steamer Belle St. Louis while on his way to St. \nLouis in the fall of 1876. He and his family came to Boone county in \nApril, 1852. He was both a blacksmith and house-carpenter, but the \nlast years of his life he worked at carpentering exclusively. He built \nmany of the best houses in and around Ashland. Mrs. Vanausdal\'s \nbrother. Jack Robertson, and her brother-in-law, Wm. Fallon, were \nthe first to carry the United States mail across the plains from St. \n\n\n\n^ ^ HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 687 \n\nLouis to California upon horseback. Wm. C. Vauausdal, our subject, \nwas educated at Florissant, St. Louis count}^ and at Ashland College, \nunder the principalship of J. T. M. Johnston and Dr. H. M. Chevins \nas assistant. When the war broke out he enlisted in Capt. Martin\'s \ncompany, C. S. A., and was at the battle of Boonville. After Mar- \ntin\'s company was disbanded he joined Strode\'s, and was captured \nand imprisoned at the University. After his release he started to \nSalt Lake City, but abandoned the idea and went down to Santa Fe, \nNew Mexico, where he remained about two years, and returned to \nMissouri. He went to St. Louis and went into business with Harris \n& Pe, mule brokers, government contractors, etc., for whom he \nworked a year. He then came back to Boone and engaged in farm- \ning and stock trading. He made several trips to the Indian Territory \nfor cattle, and continued in the business for two years. He next sol^ \ngoods in Ashland for Godlove, Payne, Haden & Co., and Wiseman & \nJohnston. From there he went to Jefferson City and clerked for \nCrow, Roach & Stokes in 1872. After two years he came to Clays- \nville, and, in conjunction with Thomas McKenna, he did a general \nmerchandising business. He sold out in March, 1881, and went to \nfarming and handling stock for about a year. He now gives his en- \ntire attention to the tie business. He purchased a steamboat and \npiloted her successfully for about sixt}^ trips, buying and freight- \ning his immense number of ties to the different points upon the river. \nMr. Vanausdal was married the 8th of October, 1872, to Miss Martha \nJane, daughter of E. W. and Elizabeth Forbis, of Boone county. By \nthis union they have been blest with two children, aged eight and two \nyears. His wife is a member of the Baptist church. \n\nE. R. WESTBROOK. \n\nEdwin Ruthvan Westbrook is the son of Cornelius Westbrook, a \ndescendant of the early German settlers of Delaware, and his mother \nwas Betsey Goodrich, a descendant of the early English settlers of the \nConnecticut valley, her family living near Hartford. Both families \nemigrated to New York and settled on the Genesee River, where Mr. \nand Mrs. W. became acquainted and married. They removed to Ohio in \n1833, locating at Cleveland. Here Edwin Westbrook was born, \nMarch 27, 1835. Two years later his parents removed to Morgan \ncounty and settled on a farm. In 1852 he came to Clay county, Mo., \nabout four miles north of Kansas City. Prior to coming to Missouri, \nMr. Westbrook had attended the common schools of his native State,. \n\n\n\n688 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbut after settling in this State his education was mainly acquired at \nUnion School, Clay county, under the direction of George D. Hughes, \ncompleting his course in 1855, at the age of 20. After leaving school \nhe engaged as a teacher, which profession he pursued for 24 years, or \nuntil 1879. During this period he served for two years as principal of \nthe Ashland Public Schortl. In the fall of 1879 he engaged as salesman \nin the store of Wiseman, Johnston & Bass, with whom he remained \nuntil January 1st, 1881. March 1st, following, he engaged in the \nbusiness of general merchandising with John G. Wiseman, under the \nfirm name of Wiseman, Westbrook & Co., which partnership continued \nuntil the ensuing October, when W. T. Maupin became a partner and \nthe name was changed to Wiseman, Maupin &Co. \n\nMr. Westbrook was married in Bates county. Mo., October 15th, \n^860, to Miss M. T. Caruth, of that county. They have had born to \nthem nine children, of whom two boys and three girls are now living. \n\nEarlv in the civil war, Mr. Westbrook espoused the cause of the \nSouth, and enlisted in Capt. Jackman\'s company of Gen, Rains\' di- \nvision of Gen. Price\'s army. Not long after he had enlisted, he was \ncaptured by the Federals and held a prisoner for about two weeks, \nwhen he was released upon taking the oath. He returned to Boone \ncounty and remained until in October, 1864, when he again engaged \nto serve the Confederate cause, and on the 5th of November, at a \npoint 16 miles southeast of Osceola, St. Clair county, Mo., while on \nhis way to Gen. Price, he was again made a prisoner. He was taken \nto St. Louis and confined two weeks in Gratiot street prison, and then \nsent to Alton, III., where he was confined until March 19th, 1865. \nHe was then released on condition of his enlistment in the U. S. \narm}\'^ to serve against the Indians on the plains. He was a member \nof Company D 5th U. S. infantry. A few weeks after his enlist- \nment, he accompanied Companies C and D of his regiment as an \nescort to Col. Sawyer\'s road expedition from Niobrara City to Vir- \nginia City, Montana Territory. August 13th, he was engaged in a \nbattle with the Indians near Fort Reno, which lasted nearly all day. \nThe Indians numbered over 200 and were commanded by Red Cloud. \nThere were about 250 soldiers. He assisted in the building of Ft. \nReno. He also took part in Col. Carrington\'s fight with the sav- \nages, July 1st, 1866. He returned to the States via Forts Laramie \nand Kearney, and was mustered out October 1st, 1866. He then \nreturned to Boone county, where he has ever since resided. \n\nIt is worthy of note that, in 1854, Mr. Westbrook spent a few \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 689 \n\nmonths in Mexico, and that in 185G he made an overhmd trip to Cali- \nfornia, where he was engaged in farming and teaching until in Decem- \nber, 1859. \n\nMr. Westbrook has served as a justice of the peace in his township. \nHe is a Democrat in politics and has been a member of the Demo- \ncratic county committee since 1876. He is a member of the Ashland \nBaptist church, and belongs to the Ancient Order United Work- \nmen and the Good Templars. \n\nDR. HENRY W. WHIPPLE. \n\nDr. Henry W. Whipple is a native of Illinois, having been born in \nAlton, April 12th, 1842. He is the son of P. B. and Elizabeth \n(Williams) Whipple. Was edncated at Sedgwick Institute, Great \nBarrington, Berkshire county, Massachusetts. Graduated in the \nscientific department of that institution in 1862. Came back to Alton, \nand, in August following, joined company G Ninety-seventh Illi- \nnois volunteers. Was at Chickasaw Bluffs, Fort Hindman, Port Gib- \nson, Kaymond, Champion Hills, Black Kiver Bridge, Vicksbnrg and \nJackson. Afterwards was in the hospital department, where he re- \nmained most of the time until the close of the war. Returning to Ill- \ninois, he settled on a farm which his father had given him at Mont- \ngomery. Went to forming and practicing in that vicinity, but having \nbeen wounded during the war by a piece of shell, which struck his \nknee, he was compelled to give up farming, as the labors incident to \nfarm life aggravated the wound and gave him much pain. During his \nstay at Montgomery, he was elected a justice of the peace. He; .it- \ntended a course of lectures at St. Louis Medical College, hut did not \ngraduate. Moved from Illinois to Bates county, Missouri, where he \nwent into the druo; business His brother was with him in the busi- \nness and practiced medicine during the four years spent in that \ncounty. The subject of this sketch also practiced, but not steadily. \nDr. Whipple next went to Madison county, Arkansas, where he prac- \nticed his profession for a few months, and from there he came to \nBoone, settling at Burlington, where he has remained ever since. \nWas married, April 12th, 1866, to Margaret L., daughter of C. F. \nand Catharine Powers, of Michigan. Have one son, Henry F. The \ndoctor is a member of the Methodist church, also of the United \nWorkmen. The Whipples trace their origin back into the remote \npast. One of the family signed the Declaration of Independence. \nThe doctor has a good practice and is doing well. \n44 \n\n\n\n690 HISTORY OF BOONK COUNTY. \n\nISAAC MILTON WILCOX. \n\nThe grandfather of Isaac M. Wilcox was born in Kentucky, but \nwas one among the earliest settlers of Boone county, Missouri. His \nson David, father of the subject of this sketch, was born and raised in \nBoone. He moved to Holt county, Missouri, in 1852, but returned \nin 1861, and remained a citizen of this county until his death, which \noccurred at his home, near Claysville. Isaac M. Wilcox was born in \nBoone county, December 7th, 1849. His mother, Martha (Blythe) \nWilcox, was born in Kentucky. The subject of this sketch was raised \non the farm. In early life he learned the trade of tobacco-rolling, but \ndid not follow it long. Married March 29th, 1870, Elizabeth, daugh- \nter of Shelton A. and Martha Carter. They have three children : \nArthur Tarleton, Mittie Dewel and Verdia Alice. Mr. Wilcox\'s early \neducation was limited, and his patrimony was even more so. All his \npossessions have been earned by his own exertions since commencing \nlife on his own account. In 1873 he was engaged as a guard in the \npenitentiary, at Jefferson City, but had to give up the position on ac- \ncount of sickness. For about two years he was engaged in the mer- \ncantile business at Claysville, with P. H. McKenna. They sold out \nin the spring of 1882, to Wooley & Loux, who are, at this writing, \nconducting the business at the old stand. Mr. and Mrs. Wilcox are \nmembers of the Baptist church. \n\nJAMES L. AVILCOX. \n\nJames Libern Wilcox is the son of Isaac N. and S. A. Wilcox. His \nfather was a prominent Kentucky farmer, and his mother was the \ndaughter of John Clinkenbeard, of Bourbon county, in that State. \nJ. L. Wilcox was born in Holt county, Missouri, December 15, 1855. \nHe was the fourth child of a family of three boys and two girls, all of \nwhom are now living. When he was three years of age his father \ndied, and six years later he removed with his mother to Nebraska City, \nthen a live trading and outfitting town of 3,000 inhabitants. Here \nhe lived until 1875, having attended school three months in the \nmeanwhile and served an apprenticeship in the printing office of the \nNebraska City Bailt/ and WeeUy Chronicle, working from 1868 to \n1871. He then worked about a year on the Daily Press. In 1873, \nin company with five other printers, he reestablished the old Daily \nand Weekly Chronicle, which had an existence of about six months. \nIn the fall of \'73 he went to Omaha, and soon afterwards to Lincoln, \n\n\n\nHISTORV OF BOONE COUNTY. 691 \n\nwhere he and four others organized a company and published a daily \npaper, in the interest of the temperance crusade, called the Capital \nNews, which ran a short but brilliant career of three weeks, the \n"fighting editor" (subject of this sketch) being three times called \ninto requisition during that brief period. He then worked for the \nState Joxirnal Company for six months, after which he visited his old \nhome, Nebraska City, and did job work for the different offices of \nthat city till April, 1875. Going thence to Hamburg, Iowa, he as- \nsisted W. A. Fulmerin thei^ublication of the Hamburg Democrat, and \nduring the campaign of 1876, was able to do some good work for the \nDemocracy. His next editorial venture was in Boone county, Mis- \nsouri, in January, 1877, he, on the invitation of the business men of \nAshhmd, accepting editorial control of a Democratic paper called the \nAshland Bugle, publishing it as a wieekly paper. He succeeded in \nsecuring it a good subscription list, ?ind started the paper on a sub- \nstantial basis, issuing the first number on April 13, 1877. The paper \nis still published by him, and enjoys an increasing patronage and in- \nfluence. \n\nMr. Wilcox married in Ashland, September 14, 1881, his wife be- \ning Mary R., daughter of Samuel Nichols an old resident of Boone. \n\nHe became a member of the Baptist church at Nebraska City, and \nof the I. O. O. F. in Hamburg, and is a charter member of Ashland \nLodge, K. of P. \n\nJUDGE HAIL T. WHUGHT. \n\nHail Talbot Wright is the son of P\'letclier Wright, a native of Ten- \nnessee, but a resident of Boone county from 1818 up to the time of \nhis death, which occurred in 1851. His mother, Sophia Talbot, was \na native of Kentucky. Hail was born in the northeast part of Boone \ncounty, September 19th, 1831, and came with his parents to this place, \nwhere he now lives, in 1836. He is the oldest of a family of two sons \nand two daughtej-s, of whom the Judge alone survives. He was edu- \ncated at the common schools of the county, and commenced business \nfor himself as a farmer in 1851, his father having died when he was \nbut thirteen years old, and his mother about four years later. Mr. \nWright was married June 13th, 1855, to Miss Mary Elizabeth, \ndaughter of L L. Lindsey, of Boone county. They have one son and \nthree daughters, all of whom are alive at this writino-. \n\nJudge Wright was elected to the office of county justice, and served \nthe people in that capacity for four years. He is now actively en- \ngaged in agricultural pursuits and in stock raisino-. He is a member \n\n\n\n692 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof the Ashland Lodge of A. F. and A. M. ; also a member of the \nAshland Lodge of A. O. U. W. \n\nA. C. YOUNG. \n\nAmbrose Crockett Young is the son of Edward and Frances (Gray) \nYoung, both natives of Virginia. They emigrated in early life to \nKentucky, where they were married, removing from that State to \nMissouri in 1831, settling on a farm near Ashland, in Boone county, \nwhere he died in 1864, at the advanced age of ninety-two years and \nsix months. His wife died in 1852. Ambrose was born on his \nfather\'s farm, in Clark county, Kentucky, February 1st, 1825. He \nwas the youngest of a family of five sons and seven daughters, of \nwhom two sons and three daughters are now living, all but one in \nBoone county. He came with his parents to this county in 1831, and \nsettled on the farm where he now resides. Was educated at the \nBonne Femme Academy and the University of Missouri. He has al- \nways resided on the old home place, a farm of 500 acres of excellent \nland finely improved. It is situated on the Jefferson City and Co- \nlumbia gravel road, four and one-half miles north of Ashland and \nnine miles south of Columbia. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XYII. \n\nCENTRALIA TOWNSHIP. \n\nPosition and Description \xe2\x80\x94 Early Settlements \xe2\x80\x94 Organization \xe2\x80\x94 Miscellaneous \xe2\x80\x94 Union \nChurch\xe2\x80\x94 7%e Town of Centralia \xe2\x80\x94 \'Ea.rly History\xe2\x80\x94 The "Eldorado Hotel"\xe2\x80\x94 The \n"Firsts" \xe2\x80\x94 The Fire of 1860 \xe2\x80\x94 A Chase for a Bonnet \xe2\x80\x94 War \xe2\x80\x94 The First Federal \nTroops \xe2\x80\x94 Bill Anderson\'s Visit \xe2\x80\x94 Burning ofSneed\'s Store and Hotel by Federal Militia \n\xe2\x80\x94 Capt. Bryson\'s Capture of the Train at the Water Tank \xe2\x80\x94 When the Cruel War was \nOver \xe2\x80\x94 Incorporation \xe2\x80\x94 The Fires of 1868 and 1872 \xe2\x80\x94 Building of the C. & A. Eailroad \xe2\x80\x94 \nTown Officers \xe2\x80\x94 Public School \xe2\x80\x94 Newspapers \xe2\x80\x94 Killing of Jo. Collier \xe2\x80\x94 Secret Orders \xe2\x80\x94 \nChurches \xe2\x80\x94 Biographies of Old Settlers and Prominent Citizens of Centralia Township. \n\nPOSITION AND DESCRIPTION. \n\nThis IS the latest formed and the smallest township in area in Boone \ncounty, yet it is by no means the most insignificant in every partic- \nular, containing, as it does, the second town and some of the best \nterritory in the county. The northern part of the township is com- \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF BUOJNE COUNTY. 693 \n\nposed chiefly of prairie : the southern part of timber. Silvers\' Fork \nof the Perche rises in this township, in the south ceutral part, flowing \nwestwardly, and Young\'s Creek skirts the eastern border. There are \nsome very fine farms in the township, notably those of J. D. Garrard,^ \nW. J. Booth, J. M. Angell, S. Bryson and W. E. McBride. The \ntownship contains but 30 entire sections of land, in Congressional \ntownship 51, range 11 west. The eastern row of sections, viz., 1, 12, \n13, 24, 25 and 36, being in Audrain county. \n\nEARLY SETTLEMENTS. \n\nThe first settlements in what is now Centralia township, were made \nby " Eudy " (Eudolph) March, Wm. Sexton, Peter Stice and \nThomas Sexton, who moved in from Howard county and settled in \nthe southwestern part of the township, along a small branch of Silvers\' \nFork, about the year 1822. All of them were originally from Madison \ncounty, Kentucky. In the spring of 1825, Daniel Hunter purchased \nhe farm of Eudy March (sec. 31 \xe2\x80\x94 51 \xe2\x80\x94 11), where G. H. Chance now \nlives, and removed thereto with his family. This was the extreme \nnorthern settlement in the county at that time. Mr. Hunter put up \nthe first horse mill in 1836. \n\nProbably the first male child born in the township was Blueford \nStice, son of Peter and Elizabeth Stice, whose birth is set down as \noccurring in 1824. Jane Sexton, daughter of Wm. and Edith Sexton, \nwas born in 1827, being the first female child born within the present \nboundaries of the township. The first death remembered was that of \nThos. Sexton, who was buried at Eed Top Church. \n\nIt is said that no regular physican located in this township until \nabout the time Centralia town was founded. Dr. A. F. Sneed was \nprobably the first located physician. The name of the first minister \nto hold religious services cannot now be ascertained, but the first \nreligious organization formed of which there is definite knowledge, \nwas that of Union Church in 1854. (See history.) The date of the \nfirst school, the name of the teacher, etc., have not been learned. \n\nThe information concerning the early settlement of Centralia has \nbeen obtained from Mrs. Mary Pool, now the oldest living inhabitant \nof the township. Her first husband was Daniel Hunter, who settled \n\n1 It was on the farm of Mr. G-arrard where the battle of Centralia was fought. A gun- \nbarrel, ramrod and some bayonets plowed up in the field in the spring of 1882, and \nsupposed to have belonged to the Federals, were presented to the writer by Mr G., and are \nnow in possession of the Missouri Historical tSociety at St. Louis. \n\n\n\n694 HISTORY OF BOO^\'E COUNTY. \n\non section 31 in 1825. To this venerable " mother in Israel " the \npublishers desire to return grateful acknowledgments. \n\nThe first school in the township was taught by Kice Jones, in a \nprivate house, in the year 1842. The first school house was built in \n1845 by Lewis Roberts, and stood about two and a half miles south \nof Centralia. It was a log house, and cost about |100. \n\nORGANIZATION. \n\nUntil in 1874, the territory now comprising Centralia township Avas \nembraced in Bourbon township. Upon the laying out of Centralia, \nthat town was made a voting precinct, and so continued for many \nyears. Ineffectual eff\'orts were made to form a new township from \ntime to time, some of the people wishing to defer the matter until it \nwas settled whether or not "Rollins County" would be formed, in \norder that it might be settled what territory should comprise the \ntownship. \n\nAt last, on June 20, 1874, the county court made and entered of \nrecord the following order : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nIn the matter of the division of Bourbon municipal township, in Boone county, and the \nestablishment of Centralia municipal township: Now, on this day, a large number of the \nlegal voters resident within Bourbon township came by their attorneys and filed their \npetition, praying the court to divide Bourbon township and establish Centralia municipal \ntownship ; and upon a full hearing of the case, the application and the proofs, the court doth \norder and adjudge \xe2\x80\x94 A municipal township, to be known as Centralia towjiship, is hereby \ncreated and established with the metes and bounds as follows, to wit: Beginning at the \nsouthwest corner of section 31, in township 51, range 11 ; running thence north on the range \nline to the north boundary of Bourbon township ; thence along the north boundary aforesaid \nto the northeast corner of section 2, township 51, range 11 ; thence south with the \ndivision line between Boone and Audrain counties to the southeast corner of section 35, \ntownship 51, range 11 ; thence west to the place of beginning. (Record " S," page 475 Co. \nCt. Eecs.) \n\nSince that period the people of the township have gone smoothly \nalong in their ways, secure in their autonomy and proud of the \nprivilege of self-government. \n\nMISCELLANEOUS. \n\nThe war history of Centralia township may be summarized : The \nmajority of the people w^ere Confederates ; a number, however, \nsided with the Union and fought for it. The Confederates recruited \npretty extensively ; the Union troops made numerous raids after them. \nThe Federal militia " made it hot" for the secessionists, and both \nsides fed off and, in some instances, maltreated the citizens. The \nremarkable Centralia massacre, and the bloody affair between Todd\'s \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 695 \n\nguerrillas and Johnson\'s Federals occurred in this township, a full \naccount of which may be found elsewhere. \n\nThere are some excellent schools in the townshij^, and as a rule the \npeople are intelligent and educated. Quite a number of families \nfrom Illinois and other Northern States have come in since the Avar, \nand aided very materially in the development of the country. \n\nUNION (christian) CHURCH \n\nWas organized in 1854, and James Bruton was the first elder. \nAmong the early members were James Jennings, Jesse Roberts, \nJames Williams and C. C. Bush. \n\nThe first building used by the congregation as a place of worship \nwas an old log school house. They erected a large frame in 1868, in \nwhich they have regular monthly meetings. They have a Sunday \nschool, and their membership is large, and both church and Sabbath \nschool is in fine working order. \n\n\n\nTHE TOWN OF CENTRALIA. \n\nThe town of Centralia was laid out in Februarjs 1857, by a company \nof which Hon. J. S. llollins, Col. M. G. Singleton, Thos. Januaiy, \nand others were members. It was designed as a railroad station, and \nonly founded upon the certainty of the completion of the North Mis- \nsouri Railroad to the locality. The town was named by the proprie- \ntors from its central position on the old North Missouri line of railway" \nfrom St. Louis to Ottuniwa, Iowa. The plat was recorded in May, \n1857, by Col, Middleton G. Singleton, and showed that the town was \nlocated on the south half of the north half of the southwest quarter \nand the south half of the southwest quarter of section 10, and the north \nhalf of the northwest quarter of section 15, township 51, range 11. \n\nThe first public sale of lots was in May, 1857. Prices ranged from \ntwenty, to one hundred dollars per lot. No immediate improvements \nwere made, however, and for months things went on as they were \nwont to go. The grass grew, the flowers bloomed, and the rank vege- \ntation was untrod where now is the busy, bustling town. Not until \nthe following winter was the first house in the place erected \xe2\x80\x94 a large, \ntwo-story frame, 20x60 feet, built by Tinsley, Elston & Co., and oc- \ncupied by them as a dry goods and grocery store. It stood on lot 1, \nblock 23. At the time of the completion of this building the railroad \n\n\n\n696 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nhad not been completed to that point, and the stock of goods was \nhauled from Mexico. The next building was the Eldorado Hotel, a \nsingle-storj structure of four rooms, still standing with this inscription, \nmuch faded and nearly obliterated, on its front: " Eldorado Hotel, by \nJ. J. Collier." As an inducement to build this structure, Col. Single- \nton gave Mr. Collier two lots, and " Uncle Jo," for a long time there- \nafter was known far and near as the "mine host" of the Collier House, \nas many of its patrons named the hostelry. Other houses gradually \nwent up, and in 1859 there were twenty-five dwelling houses, two \nstores and a saloon. The North Missouri Railroad was now finished \nto the place and Centi\'alia became, not an experiment, but an estab- \nlished fact, owing its existence to the existence of the railroad. An \nadditional store house and another saloon went up. The former was \nmanaged by R. S. and G. W. Tinsley ; the latter was " run " by W. \nD. Collier. In the meantime the first store had been closed out and \nM. V. Singleton became the purchaser of the building, which was af- \nterward occupied by T. S. Sneed and M. G. Singleton with a stock of \ngeneral merchandise. The latter afterward sold his interest. \n\nIn the spring of 1860 the first fire occurred. Both stores and the \nsaloon, with the larger portion of the contents were destroyed. The \nprincipal losers were Dr. A. F. Sneed and W. A. Clark, who had \nbought out Sneed & Singleton a short time previously, and R. S. & \nG. W. Tinsley, and W. D. Collier. Another hotel, the " Boone \nHouse," went up in 1860 and was run by V. A. Bedford. It was af- \nterwards kept by T. S. Sneed, and this was the building burned in \n1864 by the German militia from St. Charles. \n\nThe second building was put up in the winter of 1858-9, by Wm. \nH. Wade, a blacksmith. In April, 1859, T. S. Sneed built a dwelling \nand moved to town. He is still a resident and the oldest in the place. \nNext L. C. Singleton built a dwelling and moved in with his family. \nThis house was afterward a hotel, the " Boone House." In January, \n1860, Dr. A. F. Sneed came to town and became the first practicing \nphysician. He is still a resident and has furnished much infor- \nmation incorporated in this chapter. These were all of the families \nin Centralia remembered in 1860. \n\nTHE FIRSTS. \n\nThe first house built in Centralia was by Tinsley, Elston & Co., a \nfirm composed of R. S. Tinsley, A. M. Elston, M. V. Singleton, and \nBruce Ball. It was a store building and occupied as such. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 697 \n\nThe first birth was that of a male child of Dr. A. F. and Lavinia \nSneed, which was born January 7, 1860. It died 24 hours after birth. \nIts death was the first in the place. \n\nThe first marriage was that of Pleasant M. Pool and Miss Cynthia \nL. Gorham, May 1, 1864. The ceremony was performed by Rev. \nJames Berry; \n\nThe first school house was built in 1860. It was a small frame and \ncost about $250. It stood on block 23. Miss Minnie Conger taught \nthe first school therein, the same year. She had about twenty schol- \nars and received $20 per month for her services. The name of the \nfirst minister who ofiiciated and the date when the first religious ser- \nvices wer6 held are not remembered. \n\nThe original cemetery is the one now in use, in the northeast part \nof town. It was donated by the town company in 1857. \n\nFor three years after the railroad station was established there was \nno depot. In 1861 the first one, a small affair, was built by Thos. S. \nSneed. Not long afterward, probably in 1862, the railroad company \nbuilt another and larger one. This was destroyed by Bill Anderson \nand his guerillas the time of his raid, and then the present one was \nbuilt. Thos. S. Sneed was the first agent. T. W. Gantt was the \nagent at the time of the raid, but was not in town. His assistant, \nWilliam Rowland, a very popular 3^oung man, was killed by the gueril- \nlas the day of the massacre. The particulars will be found on another \npage. \n\nThe railroad was completed to the town in the spring of 1858, and \nCentralia was for a time nothing but a flag station. There were only \nthree or four houses in the place for a year or two. In 1858 the post- \noffice was established, and Richard S. Tinsley was the first postmaster. \nThe first practicing physician was Dr. A. F. Sneed, originally from \nFrankfort, Ky., now a resident and active practitioner of the place. \n\nThe first mayor was J. H. Fields. \n\nDESTRUCTIVE FIRE IN CENTKALIA. \n\nAbout 2 o\'clock p. m. on Friday, May 11, 1860, the store room of \nSneed & Clark, in Centralia, on the North Missouri Railroad, in Boone \nCounty, was discovered to be on fire. The fire was in an upper back \nroom, and, from the great scarcity of water in the town, progressed \nwith almost unchecked rapidity until the entire building and all ad- \njoining were consumed. Therefore, the store-room and warehouse of \nSneed & Clark ; the store-room and warehouse of Tinsley & Elston, \n\n\n\n698 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand the grocery of William Collier were destroyed. These consti- \ntuted all the business houses in the place. A considerable amount of \nthe merchandise of Sneed & Clark and Tinsley and Elston was saved, \nbut much of it lost \xe2\x80\x94 how much has not been learned. The store- \nroom and warehouse of Sneed & Clark were owned by Singleton & \nBall, and were insured in the Boone County Home Mutual for $1,200. \nThat company also had $2,500 on the goods of Sneed & Clark, and \n$1,400 on the goods of Tinsley & Elston\' s predecessors, R. S. c^ \nG. W. Tinsley. T. & E, had $6,600 in the Home Insurance Com- \npany, New York, J. S. Dorsey, Columbia, agent. No insurance on \nthe grocery. The post-office was kept by Tinsley & Elston, and was \nalso burned, with all its contents, including all the copies of the \n/Statesman of the previous week for the east and west. \n\nThe impression is pretty general that the fire was the work of an \nincendiary. \n\nBONNET CHASE ON THE PKAIRIE. \n\nIn August, 1860, an amusing incident came off at Centralia, which \nit is proper should be recorded for the benefit of present and future \ngenerations. A correspondent of one of the county papers gave the \nfollowing account at the time : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nA citizen of Boone, accompanied by his wife, came to Centralia for the purpose of mak- \ning purchases at one of the stores in that place. Among other articles, a large straw bon- \nnet struck the fancy of our hero ; and, although scoop-shaped and of the balloon order, and \ntherefore rather out of time, buy it he would and buy it he did. Leaving the store for \nhome, bonnet in hand, he encountered a lively prairie wind (for Centralia is in the midst of \na prairie), which snatched the bonnet from his grasp and blew it rapidly from him. He \nstarted in pursuit, leaping over boxes, piles of lumber and the railroad track. But the \nbonnet flew upon the wings of the wind, while our hero only flew upon a pair of short legs \nand heavy brogans. On they went across the prairie, the bonnet careering over the parched \ngrass, our hero making it crack under his feet. Up, over, down \xe2\x80\x94 first in mid-air and then \non the ground \xe2\x80\x94 rapidly sailed the bonnet, while its pursuer bounded like a two-legged \nantelope, or a boy after a butterfly. At four o\'clock in the evening the bonnet and pursuer \npassed Skull Lick in Audrain eountj^, two or three miles from Centralia, the bonnet ahead \nand our hero still after it, with his tongue out. \n\nAVAR TIMES. \n\nUp to the breaking out of the civil war, the progress of the place \nwas very slow ; afterwards, still slower. When the war began there \nwere about a dozen houses, and not more than two or three structures \nof any sort went up until after the incident under the Appomattox \napple tree. The neighborhood was Southern in sentiment and the \nmajority of the people were disposed to act on the aggressive against \nthe Federals almost from the start. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 699 \n\nCol. M. G. Singleton had a battalion in the Missouri State Guards, \nin which his brother-in-law, Capt. F. B. Fullenwider, had a conipan}\'. \nThese gentlemen were from uear Centralia, and many of their men \nwere from the vicinity. Capt. G. W. Bryson, also of the neighbor- \nhood, had a company of Confederates. A few men from what is now \nCentralia township took service under the United States. \n\nEarly in the war a compan}^ of Federals, belonging to the Four- \nteenth Illinois infantry, was stationed at Centralia a short time, and \nabout the same time a company of the Third Iowa infantry came in \nand spread their tents on the north side of the railroad. Then after \nawhile came Birge\'s sharpshooters. These troops made incursions \ninto the country to stop recruiting for Price\'s army, and there was \none skirmish over on Young\'s Creek, in Monroe county. \n\nFrom time to time other troops passed through or stopped oft\' foi a \nbrief period. Some of the citizens were arrested and taken to St. \nLouis, and released upon taking the oath. One or two of these were \nresidents of the hamlet at the time of Anderson\'s fearful raid and \nmore fearful massacre, and were lietween hawk and buzzard. Mr. \nThos. S. Sneed was one. The guerillas plundered him and abused \nhim unreasonably. They robbed his store, and then the next day \nDraper\'s 9th Missouri militia came in, cursed him for a "d-\xe2\x80\x94 d secesh,\'" \nand burned it ! Mr. Sneed was also proprietor of a ver}^ good hotel. \nHe fed hundreds of Federal soldiers free gratis, but at last objected to \nfeeding the St. Charles German Home Guards, who had l)een put on \nthe trains as guards after the Centralia massacre. These train guards \nwould jump from the cars as soon as they stopped for dinner, which \nthey did regularly, and rush to the tables, crowding out the passen- \ngers, who would be compelled to leave without eating. A few days \nafter Anderson\'s raid, Sneed refused to longer keep open house for \nthe St. Charles Germans, and in open day they burned up his hotel. \nHon. J. S. Rollins i)ut out the fire after it started and tried to save \nthe building, but the Teutons soon rekindled the flame and then stood \nby with presented muskets, daring him to try to subdue the flames \nagain. The officer in command observed the whole proceeding, pla- \ncidly smoking his pipe in the meanwhile. Sneed secreted himself on \nthe same train on which were the house-burning German Federals, \nand went to St. Louis, where he remained till the war was over. He \nnow resides in Centralia. \n\nOf course, the most remarkable event during the war was the mas- \n\n\n\n700 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsacre and battle of Ceiitralia, an elaborate account of which is given \nin this histor3^ Much of the information there detailed was obtained \nfrom Dr. A. F. Sneed, Thos. S. Sneed, Dr. F. J. Bruton, W. R. Mc- \nBride, and others who lived in the place at that time. \n\nSeptember 7, 1864, or a few days before the battle of Oentralia, \nCapt. G. W. Bryson and his company, composed mostly of newly- \nrecruited Confederates, captuied a train on the North Missouri at the \nwater tank, a mile east of Centralia. On this train were forty good \nhorses e?i route for St. Louis \xe2\x80\x94 tine, fat and frisky \xe2\x80\x94 the very articles \nthe Confederates were greatly in need of. A few soldiers were also \non board. These were taken prisoners and carried away, despite the \nremonstrances of a few timorous Southern sympathizers, who feared \nthat the Federals would in some way hold them responsible for the \naffair, and visit them with condign punishment for the taking away of \nthe prisoners whom they imagined were being carried off to be shot. \nCapt. Bryson was offered hundreds of dollars if he would release the \nprisoners, but he laughed at the frightened citizens, declared he did \nnot intend to hurt the prisoners, and rode away. In a day or so the \nprisoners were released and sent to Sturgeon, not a hair of their, \nheads having been harmed. \n\nWHEN THE CRUEL WAR WAS OVER. \n\nDuring the summer of 1865 the town showed sions of returnino- \n\no or? \n\nanimation, as it were. Some new store buildings went up and a num- \nber of new citizens moved in. A new hotel, the "Phoenix," was \nestablished by T. S. Sneed on the ruins of his former house, the old \n" Boone Hotel," now the present site of the " Globe." People were \nattracted to the place from time to time, some by the beauty of its \nlocation, some by other circumstances. The place was well known. \nBill Anderson had given it considerable free advertising, but this had \ngiven people to attribute to it a character which it never possessed. \nBecause a guerilla massacre had occurred in the town, some peo- \nple argued that the citizens must be guerillas themselves. The \ngrave wherein seventy-nine dead Federal soldiers were buried was \npointed out to every passenger, and at last a monument, erected at \npublic expense, indicated more plainly the " bivouac of the dead." \n\nThe town improved slowly but surely during 1866, and at the close \nof the year evidenced no small degree of prosperity. At last the peo- \nple grew tired of living " at random," or at hap-hazard, and decided \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 701 \n\nto organize for the general welfare, common prosperity and mutual \ndefence, their numbers making such a step highly desirable ; and so \ncame \n\nINCORPORATION. \n\nAt the March term, 1867, of the county court, the town was mcor- \nporated, the metes and bounds being declared to include " all the ter- \nritory embraced in the following tracts of ground : The north half of \nthe northwest quarter of section 15 ; the south half of the southwest \nquarter of section 10 ; the south half of the north half of the south- \nwest quarter of section 10, in township 51, range 11, containing 200 \nacres, more or less." This was the first incorporation, and under it \nthe following town trustees were appointed until their successors should \nbe duly elected and qualified : Juo. H. Fields, James H. Stephens, \nWm. L. Conevey, E. D. Hawkins and Thos. S. Sneed. \n\nIn 1868 the business portion of the town was again attacked and \ndestroyed by fire. Several stores, together with the greater portion \nof the goods they contained, were destroyed. The loss was about \n$25,000, with but very little insurance. For nearly a year thereafter \nthere were but few improvements. The town was being built of wood, \nand the danger from fires was very great, and these circumstances de- \nterred many men from putting up new buildings and otherwise adding \nto the prosperity of the place. However, in 1869, building was again \nresumed, and the town improved slowly until in 1872, when it was in \na more thriving and generally prosperous condition than it had ever \nbeen before. The tide of prosperity was destined, however, to an- \nother check. On the night of the 22d of March, 1872, the cry of \n" fire ! " again roused the people from their beds and rang throughout \nthe town. Another serious conflagration visited the young city. \nFive stores and Sneed\' s Phoenix Hotel were burned to the o-round. \nThe total loss by this fire was about |30,000 ; very little insurance. \nThe business men of Centralia now seemed as indiflerent to fire as \nsalamanders. They lost no time in bewailing their misfortunes or re- \npining at the calamities that had befallen them, but set pluckily to \nwork to retrieve the lost ground and restore their damaged fortunes. \nThis was the fourth time the town had been destroyed, but it was the \nsame as if it had been the first or the four-hundredth, or if it had \nnever been destroyed at all. Some of them among those who were \nthe worst scorched by the flames, began to rebuild on former sites be- \nfore the ashes had grown cold. The town grew apace, and two years \nlater had a population of nearly 500. \n\n\n\n702 HISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSince that period the progress of Centnilia has been steadily \xe2\x80\x94 not \nrapidly, but surely \xe2\x80\x94 onward. \n\nBUILDING OF THE C. & A. HAILKOAD. \n\nThe buildino- of the Chicago and Alton railroad, which marks a new \nera in the progress of Centralia, may be said to date from the final \nsurvey made through the northern part of the county in the winter and \nspring of 1878. JohnM. Kobards, H. C. Threlkeld and P. S. Hocker \nmay be ranked foremost among the public-spirited citizens who did \nmost in favor of so beneficial an enterprise, but the entire citizenship \nlent enthusiastic support, and many of them gave material aid in the \nconstruction of this great trinik railway. The citizens of Centralia \ndonated of their means and paid in cash $900. The following gave \neach fifty dollars: W. E. McBride, W. J. Booth, P. S. Hocker, H. \nC. Threlkeld, Jno. M. Robards and Geo. D. Ferris ; while W. C. \nNichols donated in property and right of way, seventy-five dollars. \nThe first train came to Centralia on the C. & A. in August, 187 \xe2\x80\xa2 , and \nthough it was no new sight to the Centralians, the Wabash having been \nso lono- in operation, yet the additional importance which the new \nroad gave the town, filled them with joy, and it is said some of " the \nboys" filled with something else in celebration of that event. The \nroad o-ranted an excursion to Chicago in September following, in which \nmany citizens of Centralia participated. The company have built \nboth a passenger and a freight depot in the northern part of town, \nthrouo-h which the road runs, and Centralia now has two of the most \nimportant roads in the West in full operation. \n\nTOWN OFFICERS. \n\nThe present town officers are P. S. Hocker, mayor ; J. E. Stewart, \nH. C. Threlkeld, F. Shryock, James W. Bay, trustees ; J. L. Paxton, \nclerk; A. F. Sneed, treasurer; Alber Easter, marshal. Centralia, \nsince the completion of the C. & A., has grown till she had a popula- \ntion, by the census of 1880, of 703 ; and her rapid growth since the \nlast census has been such that the present population is about 1,000. \n\nCENTRALIA PUBLIC SCHOOI-. \n\nThe erection of the first school building in the town, as well as the \nname of the first teacher, are elsewhere mentioned. The cost of the \nfirst building was $250, and its size 18 x 20 feet. The school district \n(No. 1, township 51, range 11) was organized in 1860. The second \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 703 \n\nschool-house was erected on block 27, donated for that purpose hy M. \nG. Singleton, and cost $1,050. It was a one-story frame, 20 x 36 feet. \nAt this time about forty pupils were in attendance, and Thomas Gantt,\' \nT. S. Sneed aiid John Fields were trustees. The present building, a \ntwo-story brick, size 27x51 feet, with lobby 16x20 feet, was erected \nin 1880. Two acres on the east side of town were donated by Jas. S. \nRollins, on which the building was erected, at a cost of $4,500 for \nhouse and furniture. Trustees were J. E. Stewart, P. S. Hocker \nand George M. Lease. In 1880, the number of school children in the \ndistrict was 164, and the value of taxable wealth was $99,000. In \n1881, the number of school children was 317, and value of taxable \nproperty $117,000. Number of children in 1882, 363, and taxable \nwealth $154,000. Prof. J. C. Hall, county commissioner, was prin- \ncipal in 1881, assisted by L. J. Hall and Miss M. Swenny and Miss \nM. Holmes. Hall was elected principal again for 1882, with L. J. \nHall and wife and Miss Fannie Booth as assistants. \n\nNEWSPAPERS. \n\nThe first newspaper publication of any sort in Centralia was estaJa- \nlished October 16, 1868. It was called the Southern Home Circle, \nand was issued monthly by Adam Eodemyre. In June, 1870, the \nmaterial of the office was moved to Sturgeon and consolidated with \nthat of the Sturgeon Independent, a Democratic paper, W. Z. Conne- \nvey and A. Eodemyre, publishers. In March, 1871, Mr. Rodemyre \nbought out Mr. Connevey and removed the material back to Centra- \nlia, where, on March 18, 1871, was issued the first number of Our \nFireside Guard, a six-column paper, published by A. Rodemyre and \nJ. H. Stephens. The Guard was a weekly paper, neutral in politics. \nIn 1872 Mr. Rodemyre became sole proprietor, and enlarged the pa- \nper to a seven-column sheet. In June, 1874, the material of the office \nwas removed to San Bernardino, California, by Mr. Rodemyre, where \nit was used by him and his partner, John Isaacs, in the publication of \na daily and weekly newspaper called the Times. \n\nSome time in June, 1876, Mr. W. J. Davis established a paper in \nCentralia which was called the Sentinel. It was a five-column paper, \nDemocratic in politics. In the following November Mr. Rodemyre re- \nturned from California, purchased the Sentinel, and re-established the \nGuard, January 7, 1877, which paper is still in existence, the only one \nin the place. It is a folio, containing seven columns to the page, and \nis neutral or independent in politics. Subscription price, $2 per year. \n\n\n\n704 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe Guard is well known throughout Central Missouri, although \nmaking no pretensions to a general circulation. Its editor, Mr. Rode- \nniyre, is certainly a genius with remarkable versatility of talent. He is \nnot only a good writer, but a first-rate artist and caricaturist. His \npaper seldom appears without some pointed, humorous cartoon, and \nin the past it has been thus profusely illustrated. The cuts are all \ndesigned and engraved by Mr. Rodemyre. The paper is printed on a \npower press, the sole invention and, with the exception of the cylinder, \nthe sole work of Mr. R. This press is a marvel of ingenious mechan- \nical construction, and, though made of various materials and by curi- \nous contrivances, is a first-rate press, and does rapid and excellent \nwork. \n\nKILLING OF JOSEPH J. COLLIER, \n\nThe only homicide in time of peace in Centralia came oft\' in October, \n1872, resulting in the death of J. J. Collier, an old citizen of the place, \nand formerly the landlord of the Eldorado Hotel. Though a man of \nmany excellent qualities, Mr. Collier was addicted to drink, and when \nunder the influence of liquor was inclined to be rough and quarrelsome. \nOn the occasion referred to he was in the store of Whaley, Robards & \nThrelkeld, somewhat intoxicated. In a half sportive mood, but rather \nroughly, he slapped a young fellow named Smith, a painter, and han- \ndled him a little violently. Another young man named James McDow- \nell, who was standing by, said to Collier: "If you would do that to \nme, you would have me to lick." Collier turned, and with some ex- \npressions of contempt and anger, caught McDowell by the neck and \nshook him with extreme violence. A scuftle ensued, during which \nMcDowell whipped out a knife and stabbed Collier so severely that \nhe died in a short time. McDowell was arrested and released on \npreliminary examination. He was never indicted. Collier\'s death \noccurred October 28, 1872. \n\nSECRET ORDERS FREE MASONS. \n\nThe Centralia Lodge, No. 59, of the A. F. and A. M., was organ- \nized in 1866, the dispensation bearing date of August 8, of that year. \nThe first officers were S. J. Bush, W. M. ; D. B. Roberts, S. W. ; R. \nP. Roberts, J. W. ; J. G. Bruton, S. D. ; F. M. Roberts, J. D. ; W. \nK. Sturgeon, secretary ; C. C. Bush, treasurer ; M. V. Baker, tyler. \nThey received their charter October 19, 1867. In March, 1877, they \nhad the misfortune to lose their lodge room and furniture by fire, \nthough they were fortunate enough to save the records and charter. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 705 \n\nAt this writing (August, 1882) the lodge is in a flourishing condition, \nand owns a lodge room 24 by 60 feet, furnished complete with best \njewels, carpets, charts, etc., valued at $1,000. The total present \nmembership is seventy, with the following officers : W. H. Carpenter, \nW. M. ; James M. Angell, S. W. ; J. W. Bryson, J. W. ; R. D. Poag, \ntreasurer ; A. Rodemyre, secretary ; H. C. Threlkeld, S. D. ; S. N. \nBryson, J. D., and Thomas J. Roberts, tyler. \n\nANCIENT ORDER OF UNITED WORKMEN. \n\nLodge No. 199, at Centralia, was instituted by Deputy Grand Mas- \nter Workman O. J. Miller, of Rocheport, the dispensation being dated \nAugust 4, 1880, and the charter dated the same. The names of char- \nter members are J. M. Angell, Jerry Bush, J. W. Bay, H. S. Batter- \nton, L.. D. Burch, J. R. Flynn, E. H. Farrar, W. B. DeJarnette, J. \nE. Mitchell, A. D. Rumans, W. A. McAllister, T. K. Wallace, F. M. \nTraughber, H. C. Threlkeld, D. T. Hubbard, G. M. Lease, Josiah \nHall, W. D. Lawhorne, M. T. Jones, J. S. Hannah, W. J. Booth and \nW. R. McBride. The names and rank of the first officers are the fol- \nlowing : J. S. Hannah, M. W. ; W. J. Booth, P. M. W. ; E. H. Far- \nrar, recorder; H. C. Threlkeld, overseer; J. M. Angell, G. F. ; W. \nA. McAllister, financier; G. M. Lease, recorder; F. M. Traughber, \nguide; T. K. Wallace, J. W. ; A. D. Rumans, O. W. The present \nofficers of the lodge are E. H. Farrar, W. A. McAllister, J. C. Hall, \nC. W. Head, A. D. Rumans, C. E. Chance, W. J. Booth, S. Shryock, \nJ. Bush and J. Hay den, who respectively fill the above indicated offices. \nNone of them are reported as grand lodge officers. The membership \nat present is fifty-four in number. \xe2\x80\xa2 They have a frame hall, built in \n1872, which cost five hundred dollars. \n\nCENTRALIA LODGE NO. 2679, K. OF H. \n\nThis lodge of Knights of Honor was nistituted by R. H. Robbins, \nthe date of dispensation being February 14, 1882. The charter mem- \nbers were W. M. Robinson, W. H. Baldridge, J. W. Simco, Edgar \nChamberlain, J. W. McCallister, Peter Picket, Geo. H. Crouson, W. \nH. Simco, J. H. Brown, C. E. Chance, W. N. White, James K. \nNorthciitt, D. H. Glore, Wm. Patten, R. H. Wilhite, J. W. Hocker, \n\nC. W. Adams, W. A. Gooch, J. H. White, Dan. Davis, B. White, J. \nA. Thomas and J. H. Head. The first officers were W. A. McCallis \nter, D. ; J. H. Head, P. D. ; D. H. Glore, A. D. ; Wm. Patten, V. \n\nD. ; C. E. Chance, ; Edgar Chamberlain, C. ; Jas. K. North- \n\n45 \n\n\n\n706 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncutt, F. R. ; W. H. Baldridge, S. ; W, Siraco, G. ; R. Wilhite, G. ; \nJ. W. Hooker, R. The present officers are the same as those first \nchosen, except that D. H. Davis is chaplain in place of Chamberlain, \nresigned. J, H. Head is, up to this time, the only grand lodge \nofficer, and the present membership numbers seventy-five. \n\nGOOD TEMPLARS. \n\nThe lodge of Good Templars at Centralia was organized January \n12, 1874. The charter mertibers were Miss Mattie Atkins, Isaiah \nHarper, Geo. T. Ray, T. S. Larkin, D. D. Conger, W. H. Kincaid, \nJT, B. Cave, Ed. Chamberlain, Geo. L. Truitt, Thos. West, Miss Eva \nChamberlain, T, J. Bennett, Samuel Bennett, Miss Lizzie Phelps, \nMiss Lillie Lofland, Wm. Conger, Sr., and A. J. Bush. The first \nofficers were the following: T. S. Sneed, W. C, ; Julia West, W. Y. ; \nJ. B. Lofland, W. Sec. ; Miss Lizzie Sneed, Asst. Sec. \xe2\x80\xa2 Wm. Conger, \nW. Chap. ; T. J. Roberts, W. G. L. D. ; Isham Bonlware, W. M. ; \nMiss Lillie Brown, D. M. ; Leslie Farris, O. G. ; Mrs. T. S. Sneed, \nR. H. S. ; Mrs. Eliza Truitt, L. H. S. \n\nCHURCHES METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH (SOUTH). \n\nThe Centralia M. E. church. South, was organized in 1868, with the \nfollowing original members ; Robert Cook, R. F. EdAvards and wife, \nMary Edwards ; Newton Russell and wife, Celia Russell ; A. Cook, \nDruzilla Cook, Elbert Givens and wife, Sarah Givens. The first \nchurch house erected Avas the same they are now using, and was built \nin 1870-71, and is a frame structure which cost about $1,500. It \nwas dedicated in September, 1871* by Dr. John D. Vincil. The \npastors that have presided over this flock are the Reverends DeMoss, \nRich, Sutton, Metcalf, Graves, Rooker, Salvage, Root and Robert \nWhite, the latter being the present minister in charge. The present \nmembership numbers sixty-five, and the church is reported in fine \nworking condition. \n\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. \n\nThis congregation has, as yet, no place of worship of their own, \nbut use the church belonging to the M. E. church South. The \nchurch was organized by A. J. Dill, in 1871, the original members \n\nbeing J. V. Farris and wife, H. Booth and wife, Buly and wife, \n\nand J. B. Alison and wife. The following are the names of pastors \nthat have served the congreojation since the oro-anization : W. T. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 707 \n\nFreeland, J. Gillies, H. B. Seely, J. W. Anderson, N. Shumate and \nT. J. Enyeart, who is the present pastor serving his first year. The \npresent membership numbers forty-seven. Up to the spring of 1882 \nthis denomination have never had a dollar invested in church property \nin Boone county. They now own a parsonage at Centralia, built in \nthe spring, which cost $600. Though the success of this denomina- \ntion has not as yet been great in this county, they think their pros- \npects for the future better than they have been in the past. \n\nBAPTIST CHURCH. \n\nThe Centralia Baptist church was organized April 17th, 1871, with \nthe following as original members : T. S, Sneed, Susan S. Sneed, A. \nF. Sneed, L. H. Sneed, Lizzie Sneed, Maggie Sneed, Amanda Pogue \n(or Poage), Patsy Keen, Sarah Martin, M. E. Holmes, Ed. Silver, \nNancy Silver, J. Chapel, Annie Chapel, Mollie Snow, M. K. Lofland \n(or Loughland), M. Conger, A. M. Conger, Elinder Silver. The \norganization at Centralia have heretofore had no church of their own, \nbut have worshipped in the churches of other denominations. They \nare now (1882) building a church house, an elegant frame structure \nwhich will soon be completed, and will cost about $2,500. The pres- \nent membership is sixty-three in number, and E. D. Isbell is the \npastor in charge. \n\nCHRISTIAN CHURCH. \n\nThe Christian church was organized in Centralia under the auspices \nof Eld. James A. Berry, the 17th of October, 1867, with the follow- \ning members, viz. : James M. West, Elizabeth West, George W. \nKimbrough, Katurah Kimbrough, F. J. Bruton, Nettie Bruton, P. S. \nHocker, Emma Hocker, J. H. Forbis, Mary Forbis, J. J. Collier, \nHannah Collier, Francis Collier, Rebecca G. Jackson, Emily F. \nBaker, James Phelps, Judah Phelps, Margaret-Hull, Susan Carpenter, \nEmma Givens, Ellen Holmes. Pledging themselves to one another to \ntake the Bible and the Bible alone as their guide and rule of faith and \npractice, giving themselves to the Lord and each other, asking God\'s \nrichest blessings upon them in all time to come, the congregation met \nin the school-house and worshipped there at intervals until the fall of \n1871. The congregation had its trials and difficulties to maintain \nitself. But in the year 1869 S. W. Early and James D. Wyatt and \ntheir families moved into Centralia and immediately united with the \nlittle church, whicii imparted new life and zeal into the organization. \nIn June, 1869, by the aid of Eld. John D. White, who long since has \n\n\n\n708 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ngone to his reward, the congregation was re-organized by appointing \nF. M. Eoberts and James D. Wyatt, Elders, and S. W. Early and \nJesse Prewett, deacons. The above officers were, on the first Mon- \nday in September following, properly ordained by Eld. D. M. Grand- \nfield. .In the year 1871 they built a nice frame church, 38x50, located \nabout the center of the town, on three lots, 40 each by 120, making \nthe grounds a square. These- lots were generously donated to the \nchurch by the Hon. Jas. S. Rollins. The church house is a plain \nbuilding, yet nicely finished both inside and out ; the grounds are \nenclosed and an abundance of shrubbery and nice shade trees have \nbeen planted in the grounds, and with its bluegrass lawns, is an \ninviting place. The building and fixtures cost about $2,500, and, \nit is stated, is now entirely free from incumbrance. The organiza- \ntion has lost many of its original members by death and removals, \nand in the past dissensions and discord were the unfortunate fate of it, \nsown in their midst by designing and disreputable preachers, but by \nthe prudent and untiring vigilance of the officers, these troubles were \novercome, and the church now numbers 130 of as influential citizens \nas are in Boone county, thoroughly united and in perfect harmony, \nand under the management of its eldership and G. A. Hoff*man, their \npresent pastor, sways an immense moral influence in that community. \nThey have, if not the best, one of .the best Sunday schools in the \nState, Prof. J. C. Hall, superintendent. This church has been min- \nistered to by some very eminent men \xe2\x80\x94 such as Eld. T. P. Haley, \nformerly of St. Louis; Eld. Benj. Franklin, of Cincinnati; L. B. \nWilks, T. M. Allen, William Eidgway, J. H. Hardin, F. W. Allen, \nO. A. Carr, D. M. Grandfield and others. Eld. James Berry was \nthe only regular pastor they had from 1867 up to 1875. D. M. \nGrandfield has labored with them in several very successful protracted \nmeetings in the years past. James D. Wyatt, S. W. Early J. G. Bruton \nand J. H. Forbis are the present eldership, J. D. Wyatt having held \nthe same position, except for a short interval, since 1869. Dr. Jas. \nWallace, John T. Mitchell, W. H. White, James H. Silver and John \nA. Chance are the present board of deacons. From the zeal and \nfaithfulness of a few men and women the church has grown from \ntwenty-one members, all women except seven, to be a large and influ- \nential congregation, now one of the best working congregations in the \ncounty. But few of the members appear to be wealthy, yet a more \nliberal church is hard to find. They are paying their pastor $400 for \nhalf of his time, and give largely of their means to the various auxil- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 709 \n\niary societies of the church generally and remember their poor and \nunfortunate by their benevolence. \n\n\n\nBIOGRAPHIES. \nJAMES M. ANGELL. \n\nJames M. Angell is the son of Robert Angell, a native of Kentucky. \nHe was born in Boone county, Missouri, February 11, 1833. His \nfather came to Missouri in 1825, and settled in this county. His \nwife\'s maiden name was Martha Perkins. They had thirteen chil- \ndren. James M. was educated at the old-time log school house, \nhis first teacher being John M. McGhee. He settled in Centralia \ntownship in 1867, where he purchased 700 acres of rich prairie \nland. He is now largely engaged in farming and stock raising. \nHe was elected a justice of the peace in 1878, which office he still\' \nholds. Has served as director of his district school since 1867, \nand was one of the building committee in erecting their new \nschool house. Was married, September 10, 1857, to Miss Han- \nnah, daughter of Absalom Fountain. They have two sons and \nthree daughters. Their names are Martha, Lucy E., Mary E., \nRedford M., and John M. Bedford and Martha are dead. He has \ndevoted much time and care to the education of his children. His \ndaughter, Lucy E., is the wife of Frederick S. Sappington, of \nBoone county. Mr. Angell has tried one hundred and twenty-five \ncases, none of which have ever been reversed b}^ the circuit court. \nHas married about thirty couples, and acknowledged over forty deeds. \nIn the discharge of official duty, no magistrate perhaps in the county \nhas given better satisfaction. Mr. and Mrs. Angell are both members \nof the Methodist church South. \n\nANTHONY & BRO. \n\nGeorge and Lewis Anthony are the sons of Thomas J. Anthony and \nwere born in Morgan county, Missouri, George in 1850, Lewis in \n1852. They were brought up on the fcirm, but each of the brothers \nhas a good business education. Lewis was a farmer and stock trader \nuntil 1876, when he went into the grocery trade at Centralia where \nhe continued with his brother until they went into the livery business. \nTheir mother\'s maiden name was Cassandra Sutton. There were four- \nteen children, seven of each sex. Thomas Anthony and his wife were \n\n\n\n710 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nnatives of Kentucky. The firm of Anthony & Brother was established \nin 1878. \n\nJAMES W. BAY. \n\nJames W. Bay, at present telegraph operator and ticket and express \nagent at Centralia, Missouri, wasborn in Cumberhmd, Guernsey coun- \nty, Ohio, August 13th, 1848. His father, Maj. James T. Bay, was \nan officer in the United States army. The grandfiither, on mother\'s \nside, was of German origin ; his name was Andrew Kells. On the \npaternal side, the family is of Scotch-Irish extraction. The maternal \ngrandfather served in the war of 1812. Young Bay was educated at \nthe common schools of Ohio, leaving his native State for Missouri, \nin 1860. From 1862 to 1865 he was in the United States service as \nmilitary telegraph reporter. Since then has been constantly in the \nbusiness. For four months after the war, was in the service of the \nOhio and Mississippi Railroad company ; then in the service of the \nMissouri Pacific, from 1866 to 1875 ; then one year with the Iron \nMountain I^oad ; then to Ferguson Junction, and from there to Cen- \ntralia, in the fall of 1876, at which post he has remained ever since. \nMr. Bay married Miss Mary R. Bell, daughter of G. L. Bell, a mem- \nber of the Tennessee family of that name, Mrs. Bay being a grand- \ndaughter of John Bell, who was a candidate for president in 1860. \nThey have two children. Mr. Bay is a member of A. F. and A. M., \nalso of the A. O. U. W. He is a steady, energetic business man, \nprompt and zealous in the discharge of duty, and thoroughly conver- \nsant with the business intrusted to his care. \n\nTHOMAS HARRIS BARNES. \n\nThomas Harris Barnes is the son of Thomas H. Barnes, of Madison \ncounty, Kentucky, where he was born January 8, i860. His mother \nwas Ann- Wingfield, a native of Virginia. The father of Thomas died \nwhen his son was but three years old. He had served his native \ncounty in the capacity of county court clerk. He was a member of \nthe Christian church. Mrs. Harris removed to Missouri with her \nfamily of six children in the fall of 1866, settling three miles west of \nCentralia, where she remained until her death. Thomas H. prepared \nhimself for teaching in the public schools. He followed his profession \nuntil 1882, when he formed a partnership with R. H. Wilhite in the \nboot and shoe trade. They have a good business, with flattering pros- \npects for the future. Mr. Harris is a member of the Good Templar \nlodge at Centralia. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 711 \n\n\n\nDURRETT H. BARNES. \n\n\n\nJohn Barnes, the father of Durrett, was a citizen of this county \nwhile it was yet the abode of wild Indians. The only means of safety \nwas the rude forts constructed by the early pioneers, in which they\' \ntook refuge when the Indians were on the war-path. John Barnes \ncame to Howard county in 1808 with his father, Shadrach Barnes. \nThey forted for several 3^ears near Old Franklin. John was one of a \nfamily of twelve children, eight sons and four daughters, all of whom \nlived to have families. Durrett Barnes was born in Boone county, \nSeptember 13, 1822. His opportunities for obtaining an education \nwere very limited. His first teacher was Overton Harris, who taught \nin a little log cabin with puncheon floor. The boys attended this \nschool clad in the simplest style that could be imagined, their entire \nwardrobes consisting of ,but a single garment made from the lint of \nflax, grown on the farm and manufactured at home by industrious \nmothers and daughters who knew nothing of the luxuries and vanities \nof civilization, and cared less. The subject of this sketch was married \nto Miss Caroline E., daughter of Philip Lyle, a native of New \nYork. They had eight children, six sons and two daughters. \nTheir names are Ellen F., Thomas T., Philip, Filmore, Dora A., \nEobert D., William H., and John. There are but five of the number \nliving. During the war, Mr. Barnes entered the Confederate service \nunder Colonel Joe Porter, and was taken prisoner and kept at Alton, \nIllinois, until 1864, when he was released and allowed to return home. \nHis first wife having died, he was married the second time to Laviuia \nKanatzar, nee Roberts, in 1869. He is now living on a farm of 240 \nacres in Centralia township. \n\nPETER J. BARRON \n\nwas born in the city of St. Louis, Missouri, September 12, 1847, \nwhere he continued to reside till he was 18 years old. His parents \nwere Thomas and Lucy (nee Smith) Barron, and the}^ lived for several \nyears in St. Louis, where Peter obtained his education in the public \nschools. At 12 years old, he went to clerking in a store, remaining \nfor six years in that employment. He then went to Baxter Springs, \nKansas, and engaged in the grocery business for two years. After \nthis he located at Crawford sville, same State, and went into the general \nmerchandise business, and was at the same time authorized by govern- \nment to trade with the Indians. In 1876, he returned to St. Louis \n\n\n\n712 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand engaged for two years in the grocery business, at the expiration \nof wliich he came to Columbia and went into business in tlie firm of \nWhite, Barron and Co., the history of which firm is given in the \nsketch of W. N. White. Mr. Barron is a thorough-going business \nman. He belongs to the Knights of Honor and Knights of Pythias, \nand is a gentleman highly esteemed in both social and business circles. \nHe was married in 1874, to Miss Susie Gooch, of Shelby county, Mis- \nsouri, daughter of William Gooch, a prominent citizen of that county. \nMr. and Mrs. Barron have four children, named John, Paul, Charles \nand Annie, \n\nDR. F. J. BRUTON. \n\nDr. Francis Jackson Bruton was born in Montgomery county, \nKentucky, February 8th, 1830. Was educated at the common \nschools and at Prospect Hill college. His father, James Bruton, \nwas a farmer and stock raiser. They came t(5 Boone county in 1853. \nThe country about Centralia was then very sparsely settled. The \nsubject of this sketch remembers having killed wild deer upon what \nnow constitutes a portion of the town of Centralia. Dr. Bruton \nfarmed until 1866, when he moved to Centralia. In 1871 he gradu- \nated at the St. Louis Medical College, having previously read medi- \ncine for two years. He was married, July 14th, 1852, to Miss Hen- \nrietta Fenwyck, of Bath county, Kentucky. They have four children. \nHas one dauo\'hter now the wife of Robert B. Sino-leton, of St. Louis. \nHas one son, Frank E., in business at Sturgeon. During the civil war, \nDr. Bruton remained at home. Took no part in the strife, but was \narrested by Merrill\'s Horse and kept several days on account of his \nsympathy for the South. He was drafted about the close of the war, \nbut did no service. Was on the ground after the Centralia fight and \nhelped to dispose of the dead, as will be seen by reading the account of \nthe massacre which appears in this volume. Dr. Bruton is a Mason. \nHe and his wife are both members of the Christian church. \n\nCHRISTOPHER C. BUSH. \n\nChristopher C. Bush is a native of Kentucky, where he was born, \nOctober 25th, 1823. He is the son of T. V. Bush, a farmer, and was \nreared and educated in the same line of business. His father lived to \nthe age of seventy-three, and is entitled to the distinction of having \ninvented the first corn planter ever patented in the United States. \nThe subject of this sketch came to Missouri in the spring of 1855, and \nsettled in Boone county, where he has continuously resided ever since. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 713 \n\nHe has always followed farming. Married Miss Sarah A., daughter \nof Nelson Bush. Four sons and six daughters were born of this mar- \nriage. The first wife dying, Mr. Bush was again married, the second \nwife beino-Miss Perlina, daughter of James C. Jennino;s. He has been \na member of the Christian church ever since he was thirteen years old. \n\nJOHN A. CHANCE. \n\nJohn A. Chance was born in Missouri, but went with his parents to \nIllinois when a child. This was in 1847. He came back to Missouri \nin 1865 and engaged in farming until 1881 when he purchased a con- \ntrolling interest in the hardware store of Tho^nas Sexton, Centralia. \nHis brother, C. E. Chance, is now his partner in business, the firm \nbeing Chance Brothers. He was married in 1873 to Miss Addie, \ndaughter of Solomon Sexton. They have two children. Mr Chance \nis an ofiicial member of the Christian church. The firm of Chance \nBrothers is well established and justly popular with the people \nof Centralia and vicinity. \n\nGARRISON H. CHANCE. \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nGarrison H. Chance was born in Delaware, March 20, 1823. He is \nthe soil of Thomas Chance, a native of New Jersey. He is of Welsh \norio-in on the father\'s side. His maternal ancestors were English. In \n1827 Thomas Chance emigrated to Ohio, where he remained six years. \nIn 1833 he removed to Illinois. In 1840 the subject of this sketch \ncame to Boone county, Missouri, where he married Miss Martha A., \ndaughter of John Koberts. There were six sons and two daughters \nby this marriage. The first wife dying, he married Miss Lurinda, \ndaughter of Inyard Winscot. They have three sons by this marriage. \nMr. Chance has a large farm well improved. He raises a variety of \nproduce. Has a fine orchard and apiary. He is a member of the \nChristian church, and contributes liberally to the support of the gos- \npel. Though hardly sixty years of age, he has twelve grandchildren. \n\n^VILLIAM W. CONGER. \n\nWilliam Wallace Conger was born in Oswego county, New York, \nJanuary 7, 1840. His father was a miller and he was brought up to \nthe same business. Attended school at Phoenix, his native town. In \n1858 he came with his father to Audrain county, Missouri, and set- \ntled on a farm where he remained for eight years. In 1873 he came \nto Centralia and entered the firm of Conger Brothers, proprietors of \n\n\n\n714 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe Centralia mills, of which firm he is still a member. In 1861 he \nacted as scout for Federal troops, being with the 3d Iowa regiment. \nMarch 25, 1862, enlisted in Captain H. N. Cook\'s company. Guitar\'s \nregiment, in which he served for three years and one month. Was \nthird sergeant of his company and followed the fortunes of his regi- \nment in all the raids, marches and battles in which it was engaged. \nWas at Moore\'s Mills, Kirksville, Brown\'s Springs, and other skir- \nmishes of less note. Was never wounded or captured. Mr. Conger \nwas married March 17, 1864, to Miss Angeline M. Hunt, of Monroe \ncounty. They have eight living children. Their names are William \nE., Henry M., Clarence H., Harriet N., Bessie, Alice L., Ann Bar- \nbara, Clyde W., and one dead \xe2\x80\x94 Addie. Mr. and Mrs. Conger are \nmembers of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Conger is also a \nMason. \n\nJAMES R. BRYSON. \n\nThe Bryson family are of Irish origin, the great-grandfather of \nthe subject of this sketch having emigrated to this country from \nIreland in an early day on account of religious persecution. He was \nthe father of Andrew, a native of Kentucky, who was the father of \nSolomon, also born and raised in Kentuckv. James R., son of Sol- \nomon Bryson, was born in Madison county, Kentucky, May 30th, \n1826, and came with his parents to Howard county, Missouri in 1829. \nThey remained in Howard county for ten years, when they removed \nto a farm near Centralia, where the elder Bryson died soon after the \nwar. James was one of eight children, four of each sex. He was \neducated at an old log school house, where the benches were con- \nstructed from the trunks of trees split in the middle, each half form- \ning a bench, and each bench proving a seat of torture to the children \ndoomed to sit with their feet dangling in space, with no rest for the \narms or back. The primitive school house is never forgotten by those \nwho experienced the tortures inflicted upon mind and body within its \ndark, rude walls. Mr. Bryson married Miss Nancy, daughter of \nIsaac Stone. They have had eight children, seven of whom are now \nliving. During the civil war Mr. Bryson took sides with the South. \nHe joined the Confederate army in 1862 and served until the close of \nthe war. He was in several battles, but escaped without injury. Two \nof his brothers were captured and killed by Federal soldiers. Another \nbrother was wounded at Wilson Creek. Mr. Bryson was quarter- \nmaster during most of the war. He has always voted the Democratic \nticket. He owns about 600 acres of fine land well improved. It was \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 715 \n\none of the first places settled in his neighborhood. He is a member \nof the A. F. and A. M. \n\nSAMUEL W. EARLY. \n\nMr. Early is a native of West Virginia, born in Monroe county, \nSeptember 26th, 1835. He is a son of Andrew C. and Elizabeth \n(Nickell) Early, who were both natives of the " Old Dominion." In \nthe year 1842 his parents removed to Callaway county. Mo., where he \ngrew to manhood, being engaged on his father\'s farm the greater por- \ntion of his time, "and attending the subscription schools of his neigh- \nborhood when opportunity offered. In 1855 Mr. Early removed to \nAudrain county, where he followed fixrming until 1863, when he located \nin Mexico, and afterward engaged in merchandising. By the great \nfire of March, 1872, Mr. Early was damaged to the extent of several \nthousands of dollars. He has since been engaged in the insurance and \nreal estate business. During the last two years he has sold over 300, \n000 acres of land. (?) Mr. Early was the leading merchant of the \nplace when he was in business, although he started in trade with a \nvery small capital. August 26th, 1857, Mr. Earl}\'^ married Miss Ruth \nE. Leach, a daughter of Wm. Leach, Esq., of Audrain county, one of \nthe early settlers of that county. They have had born to them twelve \nchildren, nine of whom are living, viz. : Josephine E., Annie P., \nCharles H., Ella, Sallie A., Florence, Henrietta, William W. and \nFrancis M. Mr. Early has been a member of the Christian church \nsince 1855, and an elder for ten j^ears. He has been a member of the \nMasonic order for about twenty-five years. He has been one of the \ntown trustees for about seven years, and a justice of the peace for ten \nyears. During the period that he was a justice of the peace he had \nbut three of his decisions reversed by higher courts. \n\nFISHER ELLIOTT. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Hiram Elliott, of Boyle \ncounty, Kentucky, where he was born December 30th, 1846. He was \nthe youngest of five children. He was principally raised in Boone \ncounty, Missouri. He married Miss Fannie Bryson, daughter of Solo- \nmon Bryson. They have two sons and two daughters. Mr. Elliott \nis now living on a small farm, which he owns, one-half mile from Cen- \ntralia. He is a member of the Missionary Baptist church. \n\nJAMES H. rORBIS. \n\nJames H. Forbis, farmer, came to Centralia township in 1865. \n\n\n\n716 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nWhen he moved to the neighborhood the prairie grass was growing as \nhigh as a man\'s head where the town now stands. He was born in \nHenry county, Kentucky, June 6th, 1833. He is the son and grand- \nson of the Forbises, pioneers of Kentucky. James was one of \neight chiklreu. He was brought up on the farm. Served an appren- \nticeship at the carpenter\'s trade in Louisville. After completing his \ntrade he went to Mississippi where he remained for al)out three years. \nHe came to Missouri in 1857, settling first in Callaway county, re- \nmoving next to Monroe county, where he was married, June 6th, 1860, \nto Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Wilson Enochs. One daughter and \nfour sons were born of this marriage. Mrs. Forbis dying, he married \nMiss Mary, daughter of Thomas Welch, of Monroe county. They \nhave one daughter (Eliza) by this marriage. Mr. Forbis settled pres- \nent place, one and one-fourth miles southwest of Centralia, in 1865. \nHe is an official member of the Christian church. \n\nWILLIAM H. GARRETT. \n\nWilliam H. Garrett was born July 14th, 1855. He is the son of \nJames Garrett, a hardware merchant of Mexico, Missouri. His \ngrandfather, Richard Garrett, a native of Kentucky, is now a citizen \nof Schuyler county, Missouri. William H. was the eldest of seven \nchildren. He was educated in Mexico, where he was apprenticed to \nthe hardware business. Was married to Miss Eosa, daughter of \nT. S. Sneed. Mrs. Garrett was the first living child born in Centralia. \nThey have one child, Nina. Mr. Garrett is an exemplary member of \nthe Christian church. He moved to Centralia in 1881, . previously \nselling out his business at Vandalia, Missouri. He purchased an in- \nterest in the hardware store ot Mr. E. Thurston, and, July 11th, \n1882, they bought the furniture store of J. M. Hawkins. The firm of \nGarrett & Thurston is a reliable, prosperous house. Both men are \npractical workmen in their line of business. \n\nTURNER S. GORDON. \n\nTurner S. Gordon, proprietor of the Centralia brick kiln, was \nborn in Boone county, Missouri, April 26th, 1848. He is the son of \nWilliam J. Gordon, for many years one of the proprietors of an ex- \ntensive wagon, plow and repair shop at Columbia, Missouri, which \ndid a large business in the manufacture of agricultural implements \nand general repairing. The blacksmithing was under the supervision \nof Mr. Gordon, while the woodwork was made the specialty of his \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \' 717 \n\npartner, Mr. Anderson. They used slave labor principally, and when \nthe negroes were set free by the war, Mr. Gordon left the shop and \nengaged in the livery business, which he followed up to his death, \nin 1872. George W. Gordon, grandfather of Turner, came to Boone \ncounty about fifty-two years ago. He was of Scotch-Irish origin . The \nsubject of this sketch was educated at the Missouri State University. \nIn 1868 he married Miss Leona, daughter of Gen. Bolton. Her \nparents having died when she was a smtill child, she was brought up \nin the home of her uncle. Gen. Thomas L. Price, of Jefferson City. \nShe was educated at the Moravian Female College, in Pennsylvania. \nThey have two sons living and one dead. In 1877 Mr. Gordon em- \nbarked in the brick-making business, which he has followed ever \nsince. He moved to Mexico in 1881, where his family now reside. \nPurchased his present business, with land attached, in March, 1882. \nMr. Gordon is a member of the Christian church. \n\nPROF. JAMES C. HALL. \n\nJames Clinton Hall, commissioner of public schools, was born in \nBourbon township, Boone count}^ September 20th, 1848. He was \npartly educated at the common schools, completing his education at \nMcGhee college. After leaving college he spent several years on a \nfarm. Having been employed to teach the Hallsville district school, he \nwas retained by the directors, serving that district for seven years. He \nwas then employed to teach at Columbia, serving as principal of the \npublic school for four years. He went to Centralia in 1881, and took \ncharge of the public school at that place, which position he still holds. \nIn 1875 was elected school commissioner, and has held the ofiice \never since, except in 1877 and 1878. He was married March 18th, \n1878, to Geneva Pollard, daughter of James P. Pollard, of Hallsville. \nMr. and Mrs. Hall are members of the Christian chui\'ch. He is a \nmember of the K. P. lodge at Columbia and A. O. U. W. of Centralia. \nHe was secretary of Boone County Teachers\' Institute from 1871 to \nabout 1875, and has been president ever since. Prof. Hall is an able, \nearnest, conscientious teacher, thoroughly devoted to his calling, and \never zealous in promoting the cause of popular education. \n\nALFRED HEAD, M. D. \n\nThis gentleman is a native of Sumner county, Tennessee, born \nOctober 17th, 1815. His parents, Henry and Elizabeth Head, were \nboth natives of Virginia. Dr. Head grew to manhood in the county \n\n\n\n718 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof his birth, and received his nou-professional education at the Rural \nAcademy of Sumner county. His professional course was taken at \nthe Nashville Medical University, and he began the practice in Benton \ncounty, Missouri, in 1843. He continued there till 1863, with the ex- \nception of about three or four years, from 1850 till 1854, which he spent \nin California. In 1863 he moved to Millersburg, Callaway county, Mis> \nsouri, where he practiced medicine till 1881, his two sons being asso- \nciated with him, and doing a leading practice in that county. In the \nlast mentioned year, Doctors Head located at Centralia, Boone county, \nMissouri, and are at this early succeeding date (1882) rapidly building \na good practice. Dr. Head was married, in 1836, to Miss Rhoda L. \nVincent, daughter of James and Clara Vincent, of Sumner county, \nTennessee. There are five children of this marriage, Catharine A., \nLuvenia B., James H., Clara E. and Charles W. Dr. Head has been \na Mason for over 17 years, and is in everything a worthy citizen and \nsubstantial man. \n\nCHARLES W. HEAD, M. D., \n\nIs a son of Dr. Alfred Head, of Centralia, and was born in Benton \ncounty, Missouri, January the 30th, 1855. His education was received \nin this State, the elementary part being acquired in the common \nschools of his native county. His literary and academic course was \ntaken at the University of Missouri in Columbia, and his professional \ncourse, at the Missouri Medical College, of St. Louis. He attended the \nlatter institution in the years 1875, 1876 and 1877, graduating therefrom \nin the latter year. The same year he embarked in the practice of \nhis noble profession with his ftither at Millersburg, Missouri, continu- \ning there till 1881, when they located at Centralia in this county, \nwhere they are now in the practice. Dr. Head has been a hard stu- \ndent, and labors faithfully to keep up in all the new developments of \nmedical science. Young in years and highly educated, both profes- \nsionally and generally, there is before him every prospect of a success- \nful future. \n\nJOHN EDWARD HINMAN. \n\nJohn Edward Hinman is the eldest son of Gen. William A. Hinman, \nand was born in Jacksonville, Illinois, November 16th, 1843. The \nfamily traces its origin back to the Pilgrim Fathers. Maj. Benjamin \nHinman, the grandfather of John Edward, was the son of Deacon \nDavid, who was son of Benjamin, Jr., and grandson of Benjamin, Sr., \nand great grandson of Edward Hinman. He married Anna Keyser, \ndaughter of Captain John Keyser, a soldier of the revolution. The \n\n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 719 \n\nfollowing children were born of this marriage: John Edward, Benja- \nmin, Jr., Col. John J. and General William A., the father of the sub- \nject of this sketch, who was born July 11th, 1802. Col. John E. \nHinman received his title in 1821, when he was elected lieutenant \ncolonel of the 134th regiment of New York militia. He held various \nother offices of trust and honor, and to the entire satisfaction of his \nconstituents. He married Mary, daughter of G. C. Schroppel, of \nNew York, and now resides in Utica. He has no children. Col. \nJohn J. married Huldah M. Sturtevant. He was a lawyer for sev- \neral years, but subsequently followed milling and merchandising. \nHe had five children, all of whom are dead. He died in 1849. Capt. \nBenjamin, Jr., was a magistrate and captain of a company. He was \nnever married. Maranda died in her twelfth year. Annis married \nDr. Thomas Monroe, in Maryland. They have five children. They are \nnow living at Rushville, Illinois, where the doctor is practicing his \nprofession. Gen. William A. Hinman, the father of John Edward, \nwas educated for the law and was admitted to practice at the bar in \nUtica, New York. In 1832 he visited Illinois, and, being charmed \nwith the country, removed to Rushville, where he dealt largely in \nreal estate. He also served as surveyor-general of Illinois for sev- \neral years and became quite familiar with the geography of the State. \nHe served as a general in the Blackhawk war of 1832. He was mar- \nried, February 4th, 1843, to Miss Grace A. Kingsbury, daughter of \nan Episcopal minister. Two sons were born of this marriage, John \nE. and Edward M. C. The latter was born April 10th, 1847. He \nmarried Miss Josephine Long, daughter of Capt. Long, of the United \nStates army. He was in government service until his death, in 1870. \nHe left no children. His widow resides at Lewiston, Illinois. John \nE. was educated in St. Louis and at Rushville and Jacksonville, \nIllinois. He is a farmer and stock-raiser. He married Miss Sarah, \ndaughter of Dr. J. C. Bywater, of Auburn, New York. They had one \nchild, Grace, born January 6th, 1867. The first wife dying in 1877, \nhe was married to Miss Flora, daughter of Rev. William E. Johnson, \nof Canada. They have one child, Edward Willie, born August 13th, \n1878. Mr. Hinman came to Boone county in 1869, in company with \nhis father, and settled at Centralia when less than a dozen buildings \nconstituted the entire town. He purchased 400 acres of land north \nof and in close proximity to the village. At first he kept a hay press. \nHe is now engaged in farming and stock-raising. He keeps some \nwell-bred horses. In politics he is a Democrat. He is a member of \n\n\n\n720 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe Episcopalian church, and a member of the Knights of Pythias \nand Ancient Order United Workmen. \n\nPHILIP S. HOOKER. \n\nThis gentleman is a son of John and Elizabeth (Tankersley) \nHocker, both of whom were natives of Lincoln county, Kentucky, and \nmoved to Monroe county, Missouri, in 1830. In the latter county \nthe subject of this sketch was born Noveml)er 1st 1832. Dr. Hocker \nwas reared on a farm, acquiring his rudimentary education in the com- \nmon schools At the age of sixteen he set in to learn the carpenter\'s \ntrade, and also learned cabinet-making. In 1852 he moved to Mc- \nKinney, Collin county, Texas, where he resided fourteen years, en- \ngaged in the manufacture of furniture. When the civil war came on. \nDr. H. enlisted, in 1861, in Col. Stone\'s regiment of Texas vol- \nunteers, and gave his services to the cause of the Confederacy. \nIn the winter of 1862 he returned home and assisted in recruiting a \ncompanv for Col. Alexander\'s regiment. Hocker was commissioned \nsecond lieutenant, and was the officer sent by Gen. Pike from Ft. Gib- \nson, soon after the battle of Pea Ridge, under a flag of truce, to \nGen. Curtis, to adjust the difficulties concerning the "scalping" \ndone by the Indian allies of both Federals and Confederates. \nHe withdrew from Alexander\'s regiment in 1863, and was ap- \npointed hospital steward in Col. L. M. Martin\'s regiment, which \nposition he held till the close of the war. In 1866 he returned to \nMissouri and settled in Centralia, Boone county, engaging in the \nfurniture business. In 1867 he moved to Middle Grove, Monroe \ncounty, and engaged in the drug business till 1871. He then moved \nback to Centralia, where he continued in the drug business till 1881, \nwhen he embarked in the real estate business, in which he is still en- \ngaged. Dr. H. has been three times elected mayor of Centralia, and is \nhonorino; that position at the time of this writino;. In 1880 he was \nelected a member of the Centralia school board, and it is chiefly \ndue to his eff\'orts that that city is to-day blessed with an elegant \npublic school building. Dr. H. has been three times married. His \nfirst wife was Loumira E. Wilkerson, daughter of Milton and Jane \nWilkerson, of Florida, Monroe county, Missouri, to whom he was \nmarried August 26, 1852. She died in McKinney, Texas, in 1865, \nhaving borne him one son, James W., now a druggist of Centralia. \nOn January 22, 1867, he was again married to Miss A. E. Snell, \ndaughter of Judge Granville Snell, of Monroe county. This lady died \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 721 \n\nFebruary 21st, 1874, leaving three children, Charles, Walter and \nMary. Dr. Hooker was married again in 1874, to Miss Emma, daugli- \nter of Albert and Sarah Gibbons, of Boone county. Three children \nhave been born of this last union, Regina, Philip S. and Vesta. \nHe has been a Mason since 1856, and organized the lodge at Mid- \ndle Grove, of which he was for two years master. Since 1852 he has \nbeen a member of the Christian church, and is in everything an earn- \nest, substantial citizen. The doctor\'s literary attainments may be \njudged from the fact that he boldlj^ attacked the whole school of \ninfidel scientists, in an ably-written pamphlet entitled " Science and \nRevelation," in which he vindicates the faith of the faithful, and \nshows the necessity of a great First Cause, \n\nAARON L. HUIEN. \n\nAaron L. Hulen, the subject of this sketch, is the son of James \nHulen, and was born in Randolph county, Missouri, November 8th, \n1852. He was raised on the farm and educated at the common \nschools of the county. Married Miss Martha, daughter of James E. \nDry, of Monroe county, Missouri. They have one daughter, Mr. \nHulen sold his farm in Monroe county and removed to Boone in 1882, \npurchasing 120 acres one mile west of Centralia, upon which he has \nerected a broom factory. He has considerable experience in the busi- \nness, and his brooms meet with ready sale. He is a member of the \nChristian church. He formerly taught school of winters. He is a \nDemocrat in politics. \n\nTAYLOR H. HULEN. \n\nTaylor H. Hulen was born in Kentucky, September 12, 1824. He \ncame to Missouri in 1832, when a small boy, and was educated at the \ncommon schools in the neighborhood of his home. In 1846 he was \nmarried to Miss Narcissa, daughter of William Turner. B}^ this \nunion they had ten children, five of each sex, all of whom are living \nbut one. The first wife having died in 1868, he was again married, \nthe second wife ])eing Mrs, Margaret Roberts, late widow of Shelton \nRoberts, of Boone county, and a daughter of Andrew Gooding. They \nhave four children, two of each sex, Mr. Hulen followed farming \nuntil 1880, when he built the livery stable he now owns, in connec- \ntion with his partner, Jerry Bush, at Centralia, Missouri. Mr. \nHulen is a member of the Methodist church. He takes a lively inter- \nest in public matters, and is a friend and zealous worker in the cause \nof education. Mrs. Hulen is a member ef the Christian church. \n46 \n\n\n\n722 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nJOHN A. JOHNSON. \n\n\n\nAnderson Johnson, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, \nwas of Irish origin, and a native of Virginia. The father of John A., \nGreenberry Johnson, was born in Howard county, Missouri, May, \n1822. He moved to Boone county, where his sou was born, February \n4, 1844. The mother\'s maiden name was Emily Scaggs, daughter of \nArchibald Scaggs, of German origin. Mr. Johnson married Miss \nElizabeth,"daughter of William W. Tucker, a native of Virginia. Mrs. \nTucker\'s maiden name was Martha Woodruff. Mr. Johnson has three \nchildren, Charles C, Nora B., and Victor T. He owns a fine farm of \n200 acres, well improved and quite productive. He has a fine orchard \nand beautiful shrubbery. He is a member of the Christian church and \nassistant superintendent of the Lone Star Sunday school. \n\nFRANK KAHN. \n\nFrank Kahn is a native of Germany, and was born December 1, \n1851. His father is still living, having reached his 74th year. His \ngrandfather lived to the advanced age of 103 years. The subject of \nthis sketch was one of thirteen children, six sons and seven daughters, \nten of whom are now living. One brother, Leopold, fell in the \nFranco-Prussian war. Frank came to the United States in 1872 and \nsettled first at Nashua, Illinois, where he remained for three years. \nHe then went to Evansville, Indiana, where he clerked in the store of \nNathan Frank for four years. He then came to Centralia, where he \ncommenced business for himself, handling dry goods, clothing and \no;ents\' furnishing goods. He was married in Columbia, Missouri, in \n1880, to Miss Fannie Arnold, a native of Philadelphia. They have \none son. Mr. Kahn was raised and educated in Europe. He is an \nactive, intelligent business man, and has succeeded in building up a \ngood business. Few men could have accomplished as much in the \nsame length of time. He came to Centralia in 1879. \n\nWILLIAM C. LOVE JOY. \n\nWilliam C. Lovejoy was born at Hanesville, Illinois, February 19, \n1853. His father, William Lovejoy, kept a hotel at Hanesville, where \nhe died in 1857, when the subject of this sketch was but four years \nold. Young Lovejoy was educated in the common schools, and was \nespecially trained in penmanship, in which art he became quite pro- \nficient. After quitting school he taught writing and drawing for nine \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 723 \n\nyears. Was employed for five years in the first buttery and creamer}^ \nestablished in Wisconsin, where he commanded the highest salary paid \nby the company. He spent several years teaching in Nevada, and \nfound it very profitable. Came to this county in 1881, and settled \nin the place where he now lives. He opened a green-house in Cen- \ntraliain the spring of 1882, and has now one of the finest collections \nwest of St. Louis. He will soon have a large stock of small fruits of \nevery variety known to our soil and climate. Mr. Lovejoy is an en- \nterprising gentleman, and has already done. much to advance the local \ninterests of the community in which he lives. \n\nEPHRAIM MINOR. \n\nEphraim Minor is of English origin, his great-grandfather, on the \nfather\'s side, having been a native of that country. His grandfather \nwas a soldier in the revolutionary army, enlisting in Virginia. His \nfather was a soldier in the war of 1812. His mother, Rachel Lamb, \nwas also of English ancestry. The subject of this sketch was born in \nBracken county, Kentucky, March 7, 1822. He was the youngest, \nsave one, of a family of thirteen children. He was raised on the farm \nand educated at the district schools. In 1847 he married Miss \nLeah Furguson, daughter of David Furguson, of Brown county, \nOhio. They have had three children. The eldest child died young. \nLucy M. is married to Peter Pickert, a farmer. They have one child. \nThe other daughter, Emma, is married to G. H. Brown, also a \nfarmer. Mr. Minor, since his marriage, and before coming to Mis- \nsouri, resided in Ohio, Illinois, Kentucky, Minnesota and Wiscon- \nsin. In 1864 he enlisted in Company F, Independent Regiment, \nMinnesota Volunteers. Soon after he was disabled by the prema- \nture discharge of a cannon, and was released from further duty. \nHe lived on his farm in Wisconsin until 1873, when he removed \nto Missouri and settled near Centralia. In 1882 he moved into \ntown. He owns a fine farm of 226 acres. Having lost both of his \nhands by the accident above mentioned, he now draws annually a pen- \nsion of $850. He is a Democrat, voting with his party at all times \nand under all circumstances. He is a worthy, well-to-do, thrifty citi- \nzen, highly esteemed by all who know him. \n\nJOHN T. MITCHELL. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Newman and Hannah (nee \nJackman) Mitchell, and was born in this county, July 16th, 1857. \n\n\n\n724 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nBoth his parents are native Missourians, his father having been born \nin Boone count}^ and his mother, in Howard. John T. was reared on \na farm in Boone county, and educated at the State University of Co- \nlumbia. In 1877 he accepted the position of book-keeper in the Roche- \nport Savings Bank, and served in that capacity till the fall of 1879, \nwhen he went to Centralia and organized the Bank of Centralia or \nrather became an incorporator of that institution, which began busi- \nness in 1880. Mr. Mitchell is cashier of the bank, his educational \nqualifications and his Rocheport experience combining to fully fit him \nfor that responsible position. He was married in 1881 to Miss Belle \nR. Clayton, the accomplished daughter of John S. and Fannie \n(nee Chambers) Clayton, of Rocheport. Mr. Mitchell is a member \nof the Christian church, and is certainly one of the rising young \nbusiness men of the county. \n\nWILLIAM R. m\' BRIDE. \n\nWilliam R. McBridewas born in Boyle county, Kentucky, Novem- \nber 4th, 1833. His father, John McBride, came to Boone county in \n1854, but returning to his native state on a visit in 1860, he died there, \nThe grandfather\'s name was David. He was a native of Maryland, \nbut moved to North Carolina, and from that State to Missouri in \n1835. He was of Scotch-Irish origin. He was a soldier in the war of \n1812. William was one of a famil}^ of eight children. He com- \nmenced business for himself when twenty-one years old, with no cap- \nital but strength, pluck and energy. His education has been derived \nmore from men than books, and the lessons learned were those of ex- \nperience, acquired in the bus}\' field of human effort. In 1866 he was \nmarried to Miss Letha J., daughter of Thomas Adams, of Millers- \nburg, Callaway county, Missouri. They have three sons and one \ndaughter living and one son dead. Mr. McBride is a member of A. \nO. U. W. In faith he is a Presbyterian. He is actively engaged in \nthe stock business, buying and shipping, and has been since 1859. \nHe cleared $1,600 on one shipment of hogs \xe2\x80\x94 seven hundred and fifty \nhead \xe2\x80\x94 for which he paid nine and a half cents, the lot costing him \n$20,000. He has now (summer of 1882) three hundred fat hogs, \nand is grazing three hundred beef cattle. He settled where he now \nlives in 1866. His farm contains four hundred and sixty acres, all \nunder fence. He has a fine orchard of twenty acres, Mrs. Mc- \nBride, having an eye for the beautiful, the yard is all aglow with the \nrarest and most lovely flowers. Mr. McBride takes an active, zealous \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 725 \n\ninterest in school matters, as well as all other enterprises calculated to \nimprove or benefit his neighborhood. \n\nWILLIAM A. m\'CALLISTER, M. D., \n\nWas born in Huntington county, Indiana, January 7, 1850. His \nparents were George and Rebecca (nee Rittenhouse) McCallister, \nthe father beino- a native of Virginia and the mother of Ohio. \nWilliam lived in his native county till he was sixteen years old, and \nthere received his education. In 1866 he came to Sturgeon, Boone \ncounty. Mo., and engaged in farming in summer and school teaching \nduring the winter, continuing this till 1872. He began the study of \nmedicine under Dr. Keith and, in 1874, attended lectures at the \nMissouri Medical College in St. Louis. After practicing a short time \nat Centralia, he returned to the Medical College in St. Louis, taking \nhis final course of lectures in 1876-77, graduating from that institution \nin the latter year. He resumed the practice at Centralia, where he \ncontinues to enjoy a lucrative business in his profession. \n\nFew men can boast of the eminent success that Dr. McCallister has \nmade in so short a time ; his position and education being the result, \nchiefly, of his own unaided eflbrts. He was married on January 13, \n1869, to Miss L. Hendrix, daughter of James and Rachel Hendrix, of \nBoone county. Two children \xe2\x80\x94 Annie B. and Jessie P. \xe2\x80\x94 have been \nborn to bless this union. Dr. M. belongs to the A. O. U. W., and \nalso to the Knights of Honor. He is one of the leading physicians of \nthe county, and a valuable citizen to the town of Centralia. \n\nORSON NICHOLS. \n\nMr. Orson Nichols was born in Otsego, New York, July 24, 1837, \nand continued to reside there till he was 17 years old. His father\'s \nname was Warren C. Nichols, and he reared young Orson on a farm \nup to the age mentioned. \n\nThe subject of this sketch received his education in the public \nschools of his native county, and, in 1854, left there and came West to \nWill county, Illinois, where he remained till 1874. Until 1864 he was \nengaged in farming, but then embarked in a mercantile calling in Homer, \nIllinois, continuing till 1872. He then moved to Centralia, Boone \ncounty, Missouri, and merchandised there three years. Returning to \nHomer, he remained till 1877, when he came back to Centralia, and \nagain began merchandising. At Homer, he was postmaster for eight \nyears, and is at the present postmaster of Centralia, having been ;tp- \n\n\n\n726 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\npointed by President Arthur in May, 1882. Mr. Nichols was married, \nJanuary 22d, 1859, to Miss Hannah L. Mason, of Will county, Illinois. \nEight children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Nichols, six of whom \nare living at this writing : Frank O., Ida J., Cora A., Fred, Grace E., \nand Oliver E. Mr. Nichols enjoys the confidence and esteem of his \nneighbors, and gets his share of patronage in Centralia. \n\nJAMES o\'MEARA. \n\nJames O\'Meara was born in Ireland, May 17, 1837. His parents, \nPatrick and Catherine (Howe) O\'Meara, emigrated to Canada in \n1845, bringing the subject of this sketch with them. They died soon \nafter settling in their new home, and in 1856 James O\'Meara came to \nMissouri, where he engaged in boot and shoemaking, having learned \nthis trade in Canada. In 1877 he came to Centralia and established \na shop, where he has remained ever since. He is a well-read, intelli- \ngent, thoughtful man ; independent in his views and candid in \nexpressing them. He was married to Miss Lizzie Carry, who died \nMay 10th, 1882. \n\nJOHN L. PAXTOisr, \n\nThis gentleman\'s parents, John A. and Dorcas (Hocker) Paxton, \nwere both natives of Kentucky, though John L., himself, is a Mis- \nsourian. He was born in Montgomery county, February 9, 1852, \nwhere he grew up and was educated. At the age of 15, he began \nclerking in a store at Middletown, and continued for three years. In \n1870, he went to Dakota Territory, and spent a year in the Yankton \nReservation, herding cattle among the Indians. He returned to Mid- \ndletown, Montgomery county, in 1871, and the next year came to \nCentralia, in this county, and began clerkingTorT.\'S. Hocker, remain- \ning with him for some time. He was then engaged in a lumber yard \ntill 1880, when he embarked in the drug business on his own respon- \nsibility. Mr. Paxton has made what he has himself, his own en- \nergy, pluck and industry, being sufficient to start him in life on a \nsolid basis. He began life for himself when only 12 years old and has \n" held his own " ever since. At this writing (1882) he is serving \nas city clerk of Centralia. Mr. Paxton was married in 1876 to Miss \nMay Holmes, daughter of Sylvester Holmes, of Monroe county. \nThey have one child, a son named Charles F. \n\nCHARLES W. PELSUE. \n\nCharles W. Pelsue, one of the proprietors of the Centralia Mills, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. . 727 \n\nis a native of Vermont, in which State he was born August 8, 1842. \nHis grandfather, John Pelsue, was a Frenchman ; his father, Parker \nB., married Lucy Emeline Hancock, a relative of Gen. W. S. Han- \ncocl?. Charles was one of a family of twelve children \xe2\x80\x94 eight sons \nand four daughters. The subject of this sketch married Miss Jennie \nA., daughter of W. Conger, a native of New York. By this union \nthey have had six children \xe2\x80\x94 three of each sex. Their names are \nFrank W., Cora E., Clara, Fred. E., Charles E., and Nadie L. Clara \ndied in infancy. Mr. Pelsue was a corporal in the Ninth Missouri reg- \niment (Federal) for three years. He was living in Audrain county \nwhen the war commenced, having settled there three years previous. \nIn 1876 he sold his farm in Audrain and came to Centralia, where he \npurchased an interest in the Centralia mills, which he still owns. Mr. \nPelsue is a member of the A. F. and A. M. He is a public-spirited, \nactive business man, and, in every sense of the word, a useful \ncitizen. \n\nPETER PICKERT. \n\nPeter Pickert, son of Elias Pickert, is of German origin. He was \nborn, in the State of New York, March 13th, 1842. His father was a \nfarmer and boatman, and the son was brought up on the farm. He \nwent with his father to Wisconsin where he was married to Miss Luc}^ \nM., daughter of Ephraim Minor. They have four children, two of \neach sex. He came to Boone county, Missouri, in 1873, and settled \non the farm upon which he now resides. It is a handsome place pleas- \nantly located. He is a member of the K. of H. \n\nADAM RODEMYRE. \n\nAdam Rodemyre, editor and proprietor of the Centralia Fireside \nGuard, was born in Illinois, November 20th, 1841. He is the son of \nAdam, Sr., a native of Germany, who came to the United States \nabout the year 1830. He was a wagon-maker. The maiden name \nof Mrs. Eodemyre was Laura Kline. Adam was one of eight children. \nHis mother was twice married. He was educated at the public schools \nof Illinois. Finishing his academic course he went into the confection- \nery and baker\'s business, which he followed for five years. He next \nengaged in coal-mining, which he followed for several years. He then \nfollowed agricultural pursuits until he was nineteen years old, when \nhe entered a newspaper office. Remaining until he learned the trade, \nhe bought a job office and started a paper called the Literary Gem, \nwhich he continued for several years, finally moving it to Centralia in \n\n\n\n728 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n1866, where he continued its publication under the name of Our \nSouthern Home Circle. He next went to Sturgeon where he published \nthe Independent for one year, at the expiration of which time he \nbought the printing material of his partner and returned to Centralia \nand started the Guard, which he has continued to publish ever since, \nexcept for a period of two years spent in San Bernardino, California, \nduring which time he published the Daily and Weekly Times of that \ncity. He returned to Centralia in 1876 and resumed the publication \nof the Guard, which is independent in politics. Mr. Rodemyre \nwas married in 1866 to Miss Maria Tribble, of Boone county. Thev \nhave two sons and one daughter. Their names are Edgar T., Homer \nB. and Viola L. He is a member of the Masonic order, also of the \nIndependent Order of Good Templars, and the Patrons of Husbandry. \nMrs. Rodemyre is a member of the Missionary Baptist church. Mr. \nRodemyre is an energetic, hardworking journalist, doing the work of \nhis office without assistance. He is the inventor of an automatic cylin- \nder press upon which he prints his paper. The Guard is orna- \nmented with orio-inal cuts, which he ens^raves himself. He is also \nproficient in the art of stereotyping. Although thorough in his busi- \nness and ahead of the times in many respects, he is quite reticent in \nspeaking of his own accomplishments in the line of his profession. \n\nJOHN R. SA3IES. \n\nJohn R. Sanies was born in Audrain county, Missouri, May 29th, \n1859. He is the son of Dr. Charles F. Sames, a native of Germany, \nbut of French extraction. Dr. Sames emigrated to the United States \nin 1847 and settled in Audrain county, where he now lives. The sub- \nject of this sketch was educated principally at the Missouri State Uni- \nversity. In 1880 he went to Montana Territory. Returning in 1881, \nhe opened a grocery store at Centralia, in partnership with James B. \nGiddings. The firm name is Sames & Giddings. They keep a \ngeneral stock of fancy and staple groceries. Mr. Sames is a member \nof the Masonic and United Workmen lodges, and a Democrat in poli- \ntics. He is a courteous, aftable gentleman, well known and highly \nappreciated by the community in which he resides. \n\nFREDERICK S. SAPPINGTON. \n\nFrederick S. Sappington was born near Sturgeon, Boone county, \nMissouri, October 4, 1853. His father, Overton Sappington, was a \nfarmer and stock raiser. He was born in St. Louis county, his father \n\n\n\nHI8TORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 729 \n\nhaving emigrated from Kentucky to Missouri in an early day. The \nsubject of this sketch was one of five children. He was educated at \nthe Sturgeon high school, and followed teaching for several years. He \nwas married, March 1, 1877, to Miss Lucy E., daughter of James M. \nAngell. She was also a professional teacher, having been educated \nat Central College, Fayette. They have one child, Mary E. Mr. \nSappington settled on the farm where he now lives in 1877. His farm \ncontains 240 acres, well situated and very productive. He is a mem- \nber of the Centralia Baptist church. \n\nELIAS J. SEARS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a Missourian by birth, born in Monroe \ncounty, September 1, 1833. He is the son of John and Mary (Jacks) \nSears, both natives of Kentucky. His mother came to Howard couuty \nas early as 1816, and his father came to the same county four years \nlater, placing them among the pioneer families of that section, Elias \nwas reared on a farm in Monroe count}^ and there laid the foundations \nof an education, which he afterwards completed at the State Univer- \nsitv at Columbia. After leaving college Mr. Sears eno-ao-ed in teach- \ning school, following that laudable occupation from 1857 to 1867. In \nthe next succeeding year he Avent to Sturgeon, this county,, and en- \ngaged in the dry goods business, in which he continued till 1878, when \nhe moved to Centralia, and there went into the lumber business with \nhis brother. This firm does a leading business in that line, and in \n1881 sold 150 car-loads of lumber. Mr. Sears, in 1861, married Miss \nMary D. Kennedy, daughter of Jacob and Ann {7iee Smith) Kennedy, \nof Monroe county, Missouri, formerly of Kentucky. Three children \nhave been born of this marriage, only one of whom survives at this \nwriting. Mr. Sears has been a member of the Christian church for \nover a quarter of a century, and is one of the leading members of \nthat denomination, as well as a citizen of force and integrity. He has \namassed what he has by his own persistent efforts, and certainly mer- \nits the esteem in which he is held. \n\nSAMUEL SHRYOCK. \n\nSamuel Shryock, blacksmith and plow manufacturer, Centralia, \nMissouri, was born in Fayette county, Kentucky, November 26, 1834. \nHis father, Daniel, was also a blacksmith, and a volunteer in the war \nof 1812. His grandfather, Frederick, was one of the pioneer settlers \nof Kentucky, and lived to the advanced age of ninety-four years, sixty \n\n\n\n730 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nyears of his life having been spent in Kentncky, and in one house. He \nwas of German parentage. Daniel came to Missouri in 1850 with his \nfamily, and settled in Boone county. During the civil war Samuel \ntook sides with the South ; he entered the Confederate service August \n14, 1861, under Gen. Price, and participated in the battles of Lex- \nington, Cane Hill, and Dry wood. He was transferred to the East \nMississippi Department, and took part in the battles of luka and Cor- \ninth, after which he was transferred back to the Missouri Division, \ncommanded by Gen. Parsons. During the remainder of the war he \nserved under Gen. John B. Clark, surrendering at Shreveport, Louis- \niana, June 6, 1865. He remained on a farm for about a year after \nreturning from the war. Moving to old Greenland, near Harrisburg, \nhe started a blacksmith shop. He remained there six years, going next \nto Harrisburg, where he lived for five years. In the spring of 1879 he \nwent to Centralia, where he now lives. He is a member of the A. O. \nU. W. and A. F. and A. M. He is a good workman and a clever citizen. \n\nACHILLES r. SNEED, M. D., \n\nIs the son of Landon C. and Elizabeth (Gibson) Sneed, both of \nwhom were natives of Franklin county, Kentucky, where the subject \nof this sketch was also born, December 20, 1827. In his boyhood \ndays, Dr. Sneed lived on a farm, and of course the first work he ever \ndid was of an agricultural nature. He grew up in his native county, \nreceiving the elementary part of his education in the subscription \nschools of that period. In 1851 he began the study of medicine, \nand the same year entered Louisville University, from which insti- \ntution he graduated in 1853. The following fall he moved to Boone \ncounty, Missouri, and located eight miles south of Centralia, where \nhe began the practice of his profession. He continued in that neigh- \nborhood till 1860, when he went to Centralia, being the first regular \nphysician to locate at that place. Himself and brother are the only \ncitizens now living in the town who were there when he moved there. \nDr. Sneed has always enjoyed a lucrative practice in his profession, \nand, better- still, has alwaj^s gained and retained the esteem and con- \nfidence of the people. He has been a Free Mason for nearly a quarter \nof a century and a member of the Baptist church since 1854. In the \nlast named year he was married to Miss L. Blanton, daughter of \nRev. William Blanton, of Franklin county, Kentucky. Eight chil- \ndren have been born of this union, four of whom still survive : Eliza- \nbeth, wife of Dr. Wallace, of Centralia ; Henrv Landon ; Lewis W. ; \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 731 \n\nand Cora V. Dr. Sneed still continues to do a fine practice and is \none of the leading; citizens of Centralia. \n\nHENRY CLAY THRELKELD. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Boone county, October 31, \n1844. Was educated at public schools. Lived in Columbia township \ntill March 4, 1866, when he came to Centralia. Had but twenty-five \ncents in his pocket the d;iy he landed in town. Went to work on the \nrailroad and afterwards drove a team. He next eno-ao-ed in the oro- \ncepy business, afterwards in general merchandising. Followed this \nbusiness for nine years. Then went into the hotel business, which he \nfollowed for three or four years. Quitting the hotel, he went back to \nthe grocery business, afterwards selling out to E. M. Anderson. He \nthen became one of the incorporators and directors of the Centralia \nbank. Mr. Threlkeld has been trustee of Centralia for many years. \nHas been twice married. His first wife was Mary Enochs, of Renick, \nMissouri. Was married May 11, 1870. The first wife having died \nJanuary 23, 1871, he married Miss Mattie Porter, a native of Belle- \nville, Canada. They have two children. Mrs. Threlkeld is a mem- \nber of the Methodist church. Mr. Threlkeld is a Mason. \n\nTHOMAS TURNER \n\nWas born at the fort at Old Franklin, Howard county, April 15, \n1817. He is a son of Smith and Nancy Turner, who were natives of \nNorth Carolina, but settled in Kentucky at an early day. In 1816 \nthey removed to Howard county, Missouri, and three years later came \nto Boone, locating in what is now the neighborhood of the old Rock- \nford church, and becoming one among the pioneers of the count3^ \nHere Thomas Turner grew to manhood, receiving his education at the \nschools of his neighborhood, then not of a very high order. His \neducation, so far as book-learning is considered, was therefor^ some- \nwhat limited, but in the school of experience he took a full course. \nIn 1839 Mr. Turner entered eighty acres of land south of Centralia, \non the line of Boone and Audrain counties. Here he has since lived, \nhaving added largely to his original tract, until his farm now com- \nprises 721 acres of choice land, and is one of the best stock farms in \nthe country. Mr. T. has uniformly engaged in farming and stock- \nraising, in which pursuits he has been fairly successful. In 1882 Mr. \nTurner removed to Centralia, where he has a fine residence and is very \ncomfortably situated. His son manages his fine farm. September 27, \n\n\n\n732 HISTORY or boone county. \n\n1838, Mr. Turner married Miss Eleanor Turner, daughter of Thomas \nand Peggy (Dunham) Turner, natives of Kentucky, and among the \nearly settlers of this county. The subject of this sketch and his wife \nare the parents of two children, William S. and Mary B. M. Turner. \nWhile not a wealthy man, as the term is understood, he enjoys a compe- \ntence of this world\'s goods, the product of his own industry, energy \nand management. No man stands higher in his community. His \nword is as good as his bond. His friends are numbered by legions, \nand he deserves every one of them. \n\n% \n\nWILLIAM N. WHITE, \n\nIs the son of John O. White and his wife, Jemima {nee Conley) \nWhite, and was born in this county, on the 2d day of July, 1847, \nHis parents were both natives of Kentucky, but moved out to Boone \ncounty at an early day. Mr. White\'s paternal grandfather was a \nsoldier in the war of 1812. William N. was reared on a farm till he \nwas eighteen years old, and then accepted a clerkship in the store of \nConley, Strong & Co., at Columbia, and was with them and their suc- \ncessors for twelve years. He then went into business as a partner in \nthe firm of White, Barron & Co., at Columbia, also having a branch \nhouse at Centralia. In 1881 they consolidated at Centralia, where \nthey do a leading business in their line, carrying a stock of some \n$50,000 annually. May 1, 1873, Mr. White married Miss Cornelia \nShannon, daughter of the Rev. James Shannon, of Jefferson City, \nMissouri, an eminent divine in the Christian church, and for several \nyears president of the State University. Mrs. White\'s mother, whose \nmaiden name was Moore, was born in Georgia. Mr. and Mrs. White \nare the parents of three children, two of whom \xe2\x80\x94 John Shannon and \nJemima \xe2\x80\x94 still survive. Mr. White has been a member of the Chris- \ntian church since he was fifteen years of age, and is also a member of \nthe Masonic fraternity and a Knight of Honor. He accumulated \nwhat he has chiefly through his own exertions, and is a fine business \nman and a worthy citizen. \n\nROBERT HARRIS M\'lLHITE. \n\nRobert Harris Wilhite is the son of Smith Wilhite, a native of \nBoone county, and was born October 7th, 1855. He was raised on \nthe farm and educated at the common schools of the neighborhood. \nIn 1875 he commenced business for himself at Austin, Texas. Re- \nturning to Missouri, a few years later, he opened a furniture and un- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 733 \n\ndertaker\'s store at Ceutralia, which he continued until July, 1881, \nwhen he went into the boot and shoe trade. In 1882 took T. H. Barnes \nin partnership. In religion, Mr. Wilhite is a member of the Baptist \nchurch. He is a young man of energy and firmness, and is fast build- \ning up for himself a reliable and paying business. \n\nJAMES D. WYATT. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Fleming county, Kentucky, \nApril 30th, 1830. His parents, Micajah and Mary (Drennen) Wyatt, \nAvere both natives of Kentucky, and both his paternal and maternal \ngrandfathers served as soldiers in the Revolution. James D. was \nreared on a farm and received his education in the county of his birth, \nfinishing his course at Flemingsburg Academy. After quitting school \nhe began teaching, and continued in that calling till 1852, when he \nbegan merchandising at Flemingsburg. In 1855 he went to St. eloseph, \nMissouri, and there read law under his brother. Judge Wyatt, who was \nthen judge of the probate court in that city. Mr. Wyatt, however, never \nentered the practice, but giving up the law, went to Barrj^ Clay \ncounty, Missouri, and again began merchandising. He returned to \nSt. Joe in \'63, and for four years filled the position as salesman in a \nbusiness house there. Again entering the mercantile field, he operated \ntill 1869, when he sold out and moved to Centralia, where he carried \non the mercantile business till the year of the National Centennial. \nHe then retired from that line, and since then has been practicing law \nand operating as a collector. He has served as postmaster, and was \nalso mayor of Centralia. Mr. Wyatt was married in 1858 to Miss \nBettie Givens, daughter of Albert and Sallie Givens, of Clay county, \nthis State, formerly of Kentucky. Three children were born of this \nunion, onl}^ two of whom are living at this writing. Mr. Wyatt has \nbeen a member of the Christian church for over twenty 3^ears, and \nsince 1869 has been an elder therein. He has also been a member of \nthe Masonic fraternity for ten years, and in every way a trustworthy \nand exemplary citizen. \n\n\n\n734 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n( \n\n(^ H A P T E E XYIII. \n\nCOLUMBIA TOWNSHIP. \n\nTopography \xe2\x80\x94 Fine Farms \xe2\x80\x94 Early Settlers and Settlements \xe2\x80\x94 Pioneer Life \xe2\x80\x94 The First \nMills \xe2\x80\x94 Killed by a Tree \xe2\x80\x94 A Pioneer Burial \xe2\x80\x94 Old Eoonsborough \xe2\x80\x94 Organization \xe2\x80\x94 \nFirst Officers \xe2\x80\x94 Brown\'s Station \xe2\x80\x94 The Coal Mines \xe2\x80\x94 Horrible Mine Disaster \xe2\x80\x94 Mills \xe2\x80\x94 \nKilling of Major Cave \xe2\x80\x94 Country Churches \xe2\x80\x94 Grange \xe2\x80\x94 Biographies of Old Settlers and \nProminent Citizens. \n\nTOPOGRAPHY. \n\nThe greater portion of the land in Columbia is of a rolling char- \nacter, and in many parts it is rough and hilly. Along the Hinkson \nand the other streams, the soil is very stony. Some very fine and \npicturesque bluffs are to be seen along the Hinkson, and there is some \nmagnificent scenery of this character on the Cedars. \n\nIn the eastern part of the township is the famed Two-mile prairie, \na body of prairie land some miles in extent from north to south, and \nof about an average width of two miles, from which circumstance it \ntakes its name. There are a few^ other tracts of prairie in the town- \nship . / \n\nCedar and Little Cedar creeks in the eastern part, the Hinkson in \nthe center, and numerous branches of Bonne Femme in the western \npart of the township, besides numberless springs, furnish abundant \nwater. Stone of the best quality can be had in abundance. Coal \nabounds in the north and is mined very successfully. There are natural \nexposures of this mineral in other parts of the township. \n\nFINE FARMS. \n\nSome of the finest farms in the State of Missouri, or in the West, \nare to be found in Columbia township. On them are to be found not \nonly fertile fields but fruitful orchards, pleasant pastures, lovely lawns, \nand handsome, commodious and elesjant residences. Some of the farm- \nhouses in the township present the appearance of the mansion of an \nEnglish landlord, and the estates are in the highest state of cultiva- \ntion and improvement. The farms on the Two-mile prairie have an \nextended reputation, but a majority of the timber farms produce on \nan average fully as well, albeit a great deal of the soil in the timber \nis so poor as to be practically worthless for the purposes of ordinary \ncultivation. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 735 \n\n\n\nEARLY SETTLERS. \n\n\n\nIt will not be expected by the readers of this volume that the names \nof all of the first settlers of this township can now be correctly given \nin their proper order and arrangement, with the details and date of \ntheir settlement accurately set forth. The best has been done to meet \npublic expectation in the historical sketch of not only this township, \nbut of every other in the county, and it is hoped that the result will \nbe fairly satisfactory. \n\nIt is known that among the first white men who came to the country \nnow comprised within Columbia township were old Robert Hinkson, \nwhose cabin stood near where the St. Charles road crossed the creek \nthat afterward bore and now bears his name. Near Hinkson came \nThos. and John Kennon, Dennis Callahan, James W. Fowler, Samuel \nJohnson, Robert Houston and Joseph Persinger, the latter -the famous \nold hunter and pioneer, who was reared by the Indians. Peyton Mahan \nsettled two miles north of Columbia in 1824. \n\nMr. Ed. Stephens, in his historical sketch in the Boone County Atlas, \nin 1875, says that in the early days land cost the settlers from two to \nsix dollars per acre. During the years 1816, 1817 and 1818, the land \nin Boone county was surveyed into ranges, townships and sections, \nunder William Rector, surveyor-general, and Angus L. Langham, \nWilliam L. May and John C. Sullivan, deputies. \n\nA description of these early pioneers, their habits of life, traits of \ncharacter and experiences would be of great interest did space permit, \nor were the facts wholly known. That they possessed, energy, in- \ntegrity, industry and dauntless courage is a familiar fact to those \nwho have the honor to claim them as ancestry. Children of revo- \nlutionary heroes, the best blood of Virginia and Kentucky, brave, \ndetermined and nurtured in the noblest precepts of Christianity, \nthey were embodiments of manhood that would have honored any \ncountry. \n\nThe homes of these pioneers were simple but comfortable. Log \ncabins daubed with mud and covered with boards, secured to the roof \nby poles, laid lengthwise, nails being too expensive \xe2\x80\x94 the whole \nusually built by the occupant \xe2\x80\x94 comprised a majority of their abodes. \nThe floors of many of these cabins were dirt, while the chimneys were \nof wood, stone rarely being used at all. Farms ranged in size from \nten to thirty acres. A farmer, though entering a thousand acres, \nwould generally only cultivate fifteen or twenty acres in corn, perhaps \n\n\n\n736 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\none ill hemp or flax, and some little tobacco and a few acres of cotton. \nCotton gins were common and Avere better patronized tlian carding \nmachines. \n\nCorn sold at twenty cents a bushel, pork brought a cent a pound, \nand whisky from twenty to twenty-five cents a gallon. Horses brought \nfrom twenty to forty dollars, and a cow was by no means a bargain at \nnine dollars. An estate worth five hundred dollars was a good com- \npetence, and one thousand was rich ; wants were few and the necessa- \nries of life cheap. \n\nMen were imprisoned for debt, a barbarism that has happily yielded \nto our advancing civilization. The " whipping post," another cruelty, \nhas likewise passed away. The people of those times were eminentl}\'^ \nsocial. " Shooting matches," " log rollings," frolics of nearly every \nconceivable nature were in vogue, and everybody would go ; some \nwould get drunk ; all would have a good time. Patriotism was at \nfever heat, and the people had still the mania for the " military " \ncreated by the revolution. Musters were of constant occurrence,* \nwhich would be attended by a vast concourse, and Fourth of July \nand General Jackson celebrations aroused an enthusiasm that knew no \nbounds. \n\nTHE FIRST MILLS. \n\nThe first mill in the township was a horse mill brought in a wagon \nfrom Virginia by William Wright, in the year 1816. It was setup on \nthe northeast quarter of section 13, township 49, range 12, and was \nrun for a great many years. Mr. Wright was one of the first settlers \nof Boone county. Richard Cave\'s mill was on the farm now owned \nby Capt. David Guitar. It was put up about 18\'21 or 1822, and was \na horse mill. The Fulkerson mill stood on the Hinkson, in Missouri \ntownship, and was built in 1819. \n\nKILLED BY A FALLING TREE. \n\nIn 1825 a little nine-year-old boy named AVilliam R. Wright, whose \nparents lived in this township, was killed at a point in Missouri town- \nship, on what is now known as the Hume farm. He was buried \nwhere is now a garden, on the farm of Sidne}^ Hume. The Indians \nhad set the woods on fire and the boy, with his father and some others \nof the settlers, was out fighting the flames, and a burning tree fell on \nhim and killed him instantly. The tragic incident was long remem- \nbered by those who lived in the county at the time. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 737 \n\n\n\nA PIONEER BURIAL. \n\n\n\nIll 1820 a young man whose name cannot be recalled sickened and \ndied at the home of Isom Winnegan, three miles northwest of Colum- \nbia and was buried in a very singular manner, and his grave is yet to \nbe seen on the old James King farm. At that early day there were \nno professional undertakers in the country and ver}^ scanty means of \nmaking coffins. Having no planks out of which to construct a coffin \nand determined that the young man should not be simply interred in \nhis clothes it was agreed by some of the neighbors \xe2\x80\x94 Newberry Stock- \nton, William and Alex. Douglass and Arch Mayo \xe2\x80\x94 that they would \naid Mat Douglass, a negro man belonging to William Douglass, in \ncutting down a large walnut tree, splitting it and making two troughs \nof sufficient capacity when joined together to contain the body. The \npurpose was accomplished and the young man buried in this rude \ncoffin. \n\nOLD BOONESBOROUGH. \n\nAbout the year 1836, a Mr. W^oods laid off a town on section 3, \ntownship 48, range 11, on the east end of the township line, adjoin- \ning Callaway county, which he called Boonesborough. The place \ncame to be one of some trade and importance. The first merchants \nwere Felix Bryan and W. H. Robertson. The first grocery store was \nbuilt and kept by Thomas Turley, who was succeeded Iw Lewis Reed, \nPeter Keniiey and J. Taylor. A store-house was also built by New- \nman & Kimbrough, and another by Broyles & Taylor. The latter \nbuilding w\\as afterward occupied by Carr & Kempinsky. There were \nalso at Boonesborough a horse-mill, built and run by Wm. James ; \none blacksmith shop by Durnell Bros., and another by Walter James ; \na carpenter shop, by Wm. James and Lon Levi ; a carding machine \nbuilt and run by James Turner, and a grocery store built and kept by \nArthur McLane. There w^as also a select school, the "Boonesbor- \nough Academy," which had for teachers, from time to time, Robert \n\nHill, Thomas Kennan, Leachman, Stephens, W. H. Robertson, \n\nField, and others. \n\nBoonesborough was in existence for about twenty years, or until \n1857, when it died, or "played out," as we in the West express \nit. Nothing is now left to mark the site and the former glory \nof the town but two buildings, one of which was the residence of \nMr. Woods, and the other the old store house built by Bryant & \nRobertson. \n47 \n\n\n\n738 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \nORGANIZATION BOUNDARIES. \n\nColumbia is one of the original townships of Boone county. At \nthe session of the county court, May, 1821, the county was divided \ninto municipal townships. Saith the record : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThe court then proceeded to lay off the county into townships, and do establish the fol- \nlowing as the several and respective boundaries thereof, viz. : * * * Second town- \nship, To be denominated Colmnbia township : Beginning on the township line between \ntownships 47 and 48 and one mile west of the range line between ranges Nos. 13 and 12 ; \nthence north with the sectional line to the southeast corner of section 2, township 49, range \n13 ; thence east with the sectional line to the eastern boundary of the county ; thence south- \nwardly with the said boundary line to the northeast corner of Cedar township ; thence west \nwith the northern boundary of said township to the place of beginning. \n\nThe metes and bounds of the township as fixed by the early fathers \nare the same at this day, no subsequent court caring to remove the \nancient landmarks. Sundry efforts have been made, from time to \ntime, to create a new civil township out of the territory embraced in \nColumbia and of some of the other contiguous townships of the county, \nbut to all petitions for a change the court has always turned a deaf \near. \n\nFIRST OFFICERS. \n\nAfter the location of the town of Smithton and prior to the organiz- \nation of Boone county, when this territory composed a part of How- \nard county, where the greater portion of Columbia township now is \nthe township of Smithton was created by the county court of Howard \nJuly 12, 1820. The first constable of Smithton township wasWallace \nA. Estill. No record is to be found containing the name of the jus- \ntice of the peace of the township \xe2\x80\x94 perhaps, and indeed probably, \nnone was ever appointed. \n\nAt the first term of the Boone county court. May, 1821, a num- \nber of petitions were presented praying for the appointment of jus- \ntices of the peace, but these petitions being irregular, were rejected, \nand none others offered. On the last day of the term this court, on \nits own motion, recommended certain persons to the Governor for \ncommissions. Referring to this township, the record stated: "A \njustice of the peace being much wanting in the township of Columbia, \nBoone county, and none having been petitioned for as the law directs, \nthis court, on the last day of the term, do nominate to His Excellency \nAlexander McNair, Governor of the State of Missouri, Richard Cave \nas a suitable person to fill the office of justice of the peace in the said \ntownship of Columbia." Accordingly Richard Cave was duly com- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 739 \n\nmissioned, and shortly stood up in all the glory of his robes magiste- \nterialjthe pioneer justice of Columbia township. A few days previous, \nNicholas Kavanaugh had been appointed constable of the township, \ngiving $1,000 bond. \n\nbrown\'s station. \n\nThe hamlet known as Brown\'s Station is situated on the northwest \nquarter of section 10, township 49, range 12, and is quite a shipping- \npoint \xe2\x80\x94 the leading one, in fact, on the Columbia branch of the Wa- \nbash railway between Centralia and Columbia. Its founders were \nReese, Goodding and Hubbard, the proprietors of the coal mine. \n\nThe first house wasbniltby John W. Hubbard, and A. E. Burnam, \nand the first store was owned by these gentlemen. The post-office \nwas established in 1876, and A. E. Burnam was the first postmaster. \nThe first marriage was that of Ralph Hay worth and Miss Lizzie Good- \nding, by Stephen J. Bush. The first death was that of Chas. Hockry, \nwho was buried in Gilead cemetery, three miles north of Brown\'s Sta- \ntion. The first physician was Dr. L. B. Brown, who is still actively \nengaged in the practice of his profession. The first religious services \nwere held in Burnam\'s warehouse, by Rev. Stephens, a Baptist. \n\n\n\nLEADING INDUSTKIES. \nTHE COAL MINES AT BROWN\'s STATION AND PERSINGER. \n\nThe Boone County Coal and Mining Company was organized in the \nyear 1875, by Alfred Rees, W. A. Goodding, Allen E. Burnam and \nJohn F. Burnam, for the purpose of mining coal in the northern part \nof Columbia township. Previously, in 1872, a mine had been opened \nat Brown\'s Station by J. W. Hubbard, Alfred Rees and W. A. Good- \nding. This mine is now the property of the Boone County Coal and \nMining Company. Its shaft is about 177 feet in depth. The vein \naverages about forty-two inches in thickness, and the coal is of excel- \nlent quality. The first shaft was practically abandoned in February, \n1882, after producing nearly 2,000,000 bushels. \n\nThe company\'s mine at Persinger station was opened in May, 1881.^ \nThe shaft is 80 feet deep ; depth of vein, 42 inches ; average number of \nmen employed, thirty-five. The mine is located in section 28, town- \nship 49, range 12, on land leased for twenty-five years, the lease \n\n\n\n1 The first considerable quantity of coal was taken out the following October. \n\n\n\n740 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nexpiring in 1906. Altogether, the company is in possession by lease \nof 290 acres of land, in sections 28, 29 and 33, in township 49, \nrange 12. The present capacit}^ of the mine is 1,200 bushels per day. \nThe coal is shipped to the gas company at Columbia, also to the \nmill company, and to various points on the Wabash railroad, notably \nto Warrenton. It bears an excellent reputation as to quality, and the \nmine itself, generally speaking, is the best in this section of Missouri. \nAt present it is in a highly prosperous condition. The firm is now- \ncomposed of Alfred Rees and W. A. Goodding, the firm name being \nRees & Goodding. \n\nMINE DISASTER AT BROWN\' S STATION. \n\nIn connection with the history of the mines of the Boone County Coal \nCompany it is proper to note the terrible accident in the Brown\'s Sta- \ntion mine, Friday, April 21, 1876. On the morning of that day the \nminers began to descend the shaft to go to work. Twenty-one of them \nhad gone down in safety by means of the tub, such as is ordinaril}^ \nused in coal shafts, and four more stepped in to make the descent. \nThe names of those in the tub were Charles C. Stewart, W. H. Can- \nnon, Joseph Mclntyre, and Robert L. Palmore. When the men were \nabout forty feet from the top, the post on the outside that supported \nthe apparatus by which the tub was raised and lowered broke and fell. \nThis caused the rope by which the tub was suspended to fly ofl" the \ndrum wheel through which the post passed and it (the rope) was cut \nin two. The tub with its inmates fell a distance of about 135 feet, \nalighting on the solid rock. Palmore, an eleven-year-old boy, was \nkilled instantly. His throat was cut, and his teeth were knocked \nout. Cannon exclaimed, " Tell my wife \' farewell \' forme," and died \nin a few moments. He was a young married man aged 25. Mclntyre \ndied in 24 hours. Stewart lived nineteen days, suflering intensely all \nthe while. J. H. Truby, who was in the mine was slightly injured. \nThe scene a few moments after the dreadful fall was terrible. The \nscreams of women and children, the wives and other relatives of the \npoor miners, were heartrending. Men ran wildly to and fro and the \nwildest rumors and conjectures as to the numbei- killed and injured \nwere prevalent for a time. Burnam Bros, generousl}^ opened their \nstore and told those engaged in caring for the victims of the accident \nto take anything they wanted. The first three that died were buried \nin Mt. Gilead cemetery, the next day. No blame for the disaster at- \ntached to any one. The post broke because it was badly worm eaten. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 741 \n\nSAW AND GRIST MILL. \n\nMessrs. Dysart & Henry have a very good mill near Brown\'s Sta- \ntion, eiffht miles north of Cohinibia. The biiildino- covers an area of \n30x36 feet, and is two and a half stories high. The machinery is \ndriven by an engine of 25-horse power. There are two run of burrs, \nand the grinding capacity of the mill is about 35 barrels of flour or \n300 bushels of corn meal per day. The machinery is from Logans- \nport, Indiana, and is called the automatic grinding mill, the only one \nof the kind in the county except at Sturgeon. The saw-mill can turn \noft* from 4,000 to 5,000 feet of hard lumber per day. The size of the \nengine house is 17x46 feet. \n\nWAR INCIDENT KILLING OF MA J. WM. CAVE. \n\nDuring the civil war, September 4, 1864, a squad from Capt. Carey\'s \ncompany of the Third M. S. M., rode out from Columbia and shot \nand killed Maj. Wm. Cave, who then lived a mile north of Columbia, \non the farm now owned by Col. E. C. More. The look-out in the cu- \npola of the court house reported that he saw a squad of bushwhackers \nride up to Maj. Cave\'s residence about noon, and after remaining long \nenough to eat a hearty dinner, came out again, and rode away into the \nbrush. The squad was immediately sent out, and soon returned, re- \nporting that the " old devil " would feed no more Taushwhackers. \n\nCOUNTRY CHURCHES BEAR CREEK CHURCH, NOW ANTIOCH. \n\nPerhaps the first church organization in Columbia township was old \nBear Creek, afterwards called Antioch, the church building of which \nstood on or near the section line between sections 23 and 24, in \ntownship 48, range 12. The organization was first effected north \nof Columbia, and for some time there was no regular place of meet- \ning, services being held in the members\' houses, chiefly at the dwell- \ning house of Richard Cave. The following is a literal copy of the first \nchurch constitution, happily still in existence : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nJune the 6, 1824. \n\nwe the under name subscribers being callcl upon to Examine in to the faith and abillity of \nBrethren living on and nea Bear Creek (n. of Columbia) desiring to be constituted \xe2\x80\x94 we find \nthem in our opinions sound in the faith and Possessing the abilitys of keeping in order the \nhouse of God. We therefore have Pronounced them a Church of Jesus Christ under noothei" \ndissiplin or Eule for faith and Practice but the old and new testemen profe&sing at the same \ntime to have Charity Enough as a Church to let Each other judge of the doctrines Contained \nin the scriptures for ourselves, given under our hands who are elders and have Constituted \nthe undersigned names. Elders present \xe2\x80\x94 Thos. McBride, \n\nWm. Egberts, \nJohn M. Thomas. \n\nAssigned the day and date above named. \n\n\n\n742 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nThe following were the first members : Asa Stone, Cumberland \nSnell, Wm. Lewis, Wm. Cav^e, Derritt Wills, Richard Cave, Francis \nCave, Bennett Tilly, John Cave, Marcus Wills, Sarah Wills, Elizabeth \nStone and Nancy Harris, who were admitted, as the record states, " on \nprofession of faith." Two members, Stephen Bedford and Elizabeth \nBedford were received as livino- " in Columbia." \n\nThe first communion service was held at the house of Richard Cave, \nthat gentleman furnishing for the occasion "one bottle of wine, \nworth $1." \n\nThe following are extracts from the record book of the proceedings \nof the first meetings of the organization : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nJuly 3 {Saturday), 1824. \xe2\x80\x94 The Church of Christ at Bear Creek met, and, after divine \nservice, chose Bro. Richard Cave moderator and proceeded to business. First, appointed \nBro. Wm. Lewis church clerk ; also chose Bro. Asa Stone to be our deacon. Then ad- \njourned till our next meeting in course. \n\nAugust 3, 1824- \xe2\x80\x94 Church met, and, after divine service, inquiry was made if alb,are in \nlove. Nothing come forward and we was then dismisst in order. \n\nJanuary 3, 1825. \xe2\x80\x94 Church met, and, after divine worship, inquiry was made if all are \nin love. Nothing come forward and we was then dismisst in order. \n\nMarch 3, 1825. \xe2\x80\x94 Church met, and, after divine worship, inquiry was made if all are in \nlove. Nothing come forward and we was then dismisst in order. \n\nMay 3, 1825. \xe2\x80\x94 The church met, and, after divine worship, we had preaching, and then \nthe church opened her doors for the reception of members, and Bennett Tilly joined by ex- \nperience. We then adjourned till our next meeting in course. \n\nJune 3, 1825. \xe2\x80\x94 The church met, and after divine worship, Bro. Richard Cave preached \na sermon, and, after setting in order the things of the house, we was dismisst in order. \n\nAugust 3, 1825. \xe2\x80\x94 Thos. McBride preached and John Cave was received into the church. \n\nThe first church building was a log house which stood somewhere \non Bear creek. The second church site was selected in 1852, beins" \nfour acres on the northwest quarter of the southwest quarter of sec- \ntion 33, township 49, range 12, The church was built during the \nsummer and fiill of 1853, and the first regular services were held on \nthe fourth Sunday in October, 1853. It was then named Antioch. \nThe cost of the building was about $1,200. The early pastors of the \nchurch were Richard Cave, Thomas McBride, Joel Haden, Mar- \nlow, and perhaps others. \n\nRecentl}^ services have been suspended at Antioch church, the mem- \nbers being very few in number, and -growing somewhat apathetic. \nLest the denomination of Antioch church may not be clearly under- \nstood by what has been stated, it may be well to say that it belongs \nto the Christian church. \n\nOAKLAND CHURCH ( CHRISTIAN ) . \n\nOakland church is situated seven miles from Columbia, on the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 743 \n\nsouthwest quarter of section 17, township 49, range 12, on three acres \nof land purchased from Wm. L. Parker and J, B. Orear. The con- \ngregation was organized in 1872, with fortj-four members, among \nwhom were J. F. Spence, Richard Phillips, Augustus Phillips and \nH. B. Jones and their wives, John C. and Francis Phillips, S. H. and \nMarj J. Prather, J. C. and Lula Prather, Jesse Prewitt and S. E. \nPrewitt. \n\nThe church building was erected in 1872, and dedicated December \n14th, of that year. It is a frame, 34x52 in size, and cost $2,400. \nThe dedication services were conducted by Elder L. B. Wilkes. The \npastors have been Wm. Mason, J. H. Duncan, J. H. Headington, O. \n\nA. Carr and Hoifman. The present number of members is one \n\nhundred and foriy-three. \n\nIn September, 1873, a protracted meeting, conducted by Elders D. \nM. Grantfield and Wm. Mason, was held at this church, resulting in \nfourteen additions. August 22, 1874, another meeting, conducted by \nElders Wilkes and Duncan, and lasting eight or nine days, was held, \nwhich resulted in fifty-seven additions. Since its first organization, in \n1872, the membership has increased from forty-four to 143. The \nchurch building is a very handsome and comfortable structure, and \nhas a seating capacity of 350. There is a line cemetery in connec- \ntion with the church. \n\nOLIVET CHURCH (CHRISTIAN). \n\nThis church is situated on section 24, township 48, range 12. It \nwas organized January 17, 1874, with about thirty-five members, \nsome of whom were Elizabeth, Mary and Amanda Chick ; Mollie C. \nand J. T. Dailey ; Patsey, Hettie and S. Dinwiddle ; Martha A., Cor- \ndie v., E. S. and W. B. Estes ; Martha A., Elizabeth J., Sallie J., \nAnnie M., Annie E. and Squire Turner; Elizabeth White, J. R. and \nMargaret Boulton, Annie Bradford and Wm. P. Berkebile. \n\nThe church building, a frame, was built in the spring of 1874, at a \ncost of $2,000. It was dedicated August 16, 1874, by Elder L. B. \nWilkes. The pastors have been W. C. Ridgeway, G. H. Perkins, Dr. \nNewton Hockensmith, R. N. Davis, Philip Bruton and William Jar- \nrott. \n\nThe largest number of accessions to the church in any one season \nwas at a meeting which began October 18, and lasted until November \n3, 1879. This meeting was conducted by Elder Kirk Baxter, and \nthere were thirty-five converts. ^ \n\n\n\n744 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nPRAIRIE GROVE CHURCH (m. E. SOUTH). \n\nThis church is located on section 6, township 48, range 11. The \norganization was effected about the year 1853. It has not been possi- \nble to obtain the names of the original members. The present church \nbuilding was erected in the years 1872 and 1873. It is a frame, and \ncost $1,500. It was dedicated in June, 1873, by Rev. John D. Vin- \ncil. The pastors have been B. H. Spencer, Wm. Penn, B. F. John- \nson, S. W. Cope, H. Brown, W. G. Miller, R. H. Gordon. J. W. \nGordon, W. F. Bell, J. R. Taylor, W. M. Sutton, D. N. Epperson, \nJ. F. Monroe, L. A. Smith, W. H. Lewis, W. T. Ellington, R. W. \nCollet, S. L. Woody, J. F. Shores and H. D. Graves. The present \nmembership is thirty-five. \n\nPRAIRIE GROVE CHURCH (BAPTIST). \n\nPrairie Grove church v^^as organized March 20, 1875, with thirty- \neight members, some of whom were John M. and John O. Maupin, \nThomas and Frank Wilcox, Martha R. Maupin, Amelia Lusk, Fannie \nLusk, Mollie Devier, Rebecca Carpenter, Alice Wilhite, D. H. Wilhite, \nthe Mosely family, and James and Amanda Northcutt. The church \nbuilding stands on section 6, township 48, range 11. It is a frame, \nand was built in the fall of 1875 at a cost of $1,700. It was dedi- \ncated on the third Sunday in April following, by Rev. J. M. Robinson. \nThe church has had for pastors Revs. J. M. Robinson, G. L. Black \nand B. B. Gentry. The present membership is forty-one. \n\nBefore the church was built services were held in the M. E. Church \nSouth. At one time a union meeting between the Methodists and \nBaptists was held which resulted in twenty additions to the church. \nMarch 20, 1875, the church received seven additions by letter from \nBonne Femme church. Prairie Grove was originally a branch of the \nBaptist church at Millersburg, Callaway county. \n\nGRAND VIEW BAPTIST CHURCH. \' \n\nThis church is situated at the head of the Two-mile prairie. The \nconoTesration was oro;anized December 25, 1869. Some of the origi- \nnal members were Samuel and Rhoda Watkins, R. H. Wilcox, E. J. \nWilcox, John James, Wm. and E. F. Norris, Aaron and Mary Thorn- \nley, Mary James, A. G. and Eliza Shaefer, Noah Flood and John \nHowell. The church building, a frame, was erected in 1874, and ded- \nicated May 27, 1877, by Rev. J. M. Robinson. This church has had \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 745 \n\nfor pastors Eevs. G. D. Tolle, Green Carey, John Parmer, J. M. Mc- \nGuire, and Joshua Pearce. The church has been greatly strengthened \nthe present year under the ministrations ot Rev. Pearce. Twenty- \nsix additions have been made to the membership, and the church feels \nthat it has also received many spiritual blessings, and hopes that in \nthe future it may be as a city set on a hill, which " cannot be hid." \nThe present membership is 101. \n\nGILEAD GRANGE. \n\nGilead Grange No. 1657, Patrons of Husbandry, was instituted by \nW. T. Hickman under a charter dated February 14, 1874. The char- \nter members were J. A. Stevenson, W. W. Hulet, Henry Palmer, A. \nHunter, A. C. Turner, J. D. Williams, A. G. Robinson, Sallie Palmer, \nJosie Hulet, Eliza Williams, and others. The first officers were J. A. \nStevenson, master ; B. Crump, overseer ; C. C. Turner, lecturer ; \nW. W. Hulet, treasurer; T. Crump, chaplain, L. G. Berry, secre- \ntary ; W. Roberts, steward ; Mrs. Amanda G. Robinson, Ceres ; \nCrotia Haggard, Pomona; Miss Josie Hulet, Flora; Mrs. Martha J. \nBarrett, lady assistant steward. The present officers are : L. G. \nBerry, master: Silas Hogan, O. ; J. W. Conley, L. ; Joseph Brown, \nC. ; D. H. Orear, sec\'y ; A. Conkling, steward; Mrs. E. A. Berry, \nCeres ; Mrs. Bettie Hogan, Pomona ; Miss Etta Berry, Flora ; Miss \nMaggie Conley, L. A. S. The present membei\'ship is about 50. The \ni>:range meets in a rented hall at Brown\'s Station. \n\n\n\nBIOGRAPHIES. \nLEE ANTHONY. \n\n\n\nThe subject of this notice was born in Morgan county, Missouri, in \n1846. He is the son of Thomas and Cassandra (Sutton) Anthony. \nHis father is a native of Tennessee, and was born February 28th, 1812. \nHis parents came to Boone county, Missouri, when he, Thomas, was \nquite a small boy, and settled about five miles west of Columbia. He \nmarrit;d Miss Cassandra Sutton, a daughter of Wm. Sutton. Miss \nSutton, the mother of Lee Anthony, was born in Kentucky on the 7th \nof December, 1818, and came to Boone county with her parents when \nshe was quite a child. One year after her marriage with Thomas An- \nthony they moved to Morgan county, where Lee was born. They \nlived there until 1862, when they returned to Boone. They had a \n\n\n\n746 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfamily of fourteen children, seven of whom are now living-, Thomas \nAnthony died in 1876, and is buried at the Wright graveyard, in \nColumbia township, where his first wife was buried in 1865. His \nsecond wife is still living. For the last few years of his life he lived \nin Audrain county. Lee Anthony, his son, came to Boone county \nwith his parents when he was sixteen years of age, and has lived here \ncontinuously since. He was married February 12th, 1875, to Miss \nLottie S. Tucker, a daughter of Warren W. and Martha B. Tucker, \nof this county. They have three children, two girls and one boy. \nTheir names are Cora C, Allison Woods and Eva May. His farm \nupon which he lives is one mile east of Stephens\' station and six miles \nnortheast of Columbia. The home place contains three hundred acres, \nand his other farm on the prairie four miles to the southeast of him, \nhas two hundred and sixty-live acres. Mr. Anthony is a farmer and \nstock feeder, standing in the front rank of enterprising stock men of \nBoone county. He is a genial, hospitable gentleman, dispensing hos- \npitality in that hearty, whole-souled manner which is characteristic of \nthe Southern man everywhere. He and his wife are members of the \nChristian church at Oakland. \n\nDR. M. R. ARNOLD, DECEASED. \n\nDr. Matthew Read Arnold, son of Lewis and Margaret (Throck- \nmorton) Arnold, was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, March 13th, \n1805. He was educated in Kentucky. After coming to Boone \ncounty, he studied medicine and practiced his profession until his \ndeath, which occurred July 22d, 1868. He was married September \n2d, 1828, to Melvina, daughter of Gen. R. S. Russell, of Bourbon \ncounty, Kentucky. By this union there were five children, Eliza B., \nLewis H., Maria T., Robert E., and Thomas A. The first wife \ndying, he was married the second time, September 22d, 1853, to \nEliza J., daughter of Joseph and Susan (Hill) Swanson. By this \nunion there were two children, Matthew R. and Jas. P. Dr. Arnold \nwas a member of the Christian church of Columbia. Mrs. Arnold is \na member of the Columbia Methodist church. She is living on the \nfarm purchased by her husband, four and one-half miles southeast of \nColumbia. \n\nELI BASS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Nashville, Tennessee, and \ndied in Boone county, Missouri, 1865, in the fifty-ninth year of his \nage. His father, Peter Bass, was a native of Mainland, but for a \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 747 \n\nnumber of years had lived at Nashville, when he moved with his family \nto Boone county, Missouri, in 1819, when Eli was quite a boy. He \nwas a man of great energy and decision of character and amassed a \nvery large fortune and at his death left his children large patrimonies. \nEli, his son, instead of spending his fortune, as most young men do, \nwho inherit great wealth, added greatly thereto, besides rearing and \neducating a large family. He was in the true sense of the word a \ngentleman, one of extensive information and fine practical sense, pos- \nsessing a magnificent physique. He was perhaps one of the largest \nowners of real estate in Central Missouri, living in princely style at \nhis elegant country residence, where he dispensed hospitality in the \ntrue Southern style. He reared large herds of stock and carried on \nfarming in a remunerative and practical manner. In 1861 he was \nelected to the Constitutional Convention to form a new Constitution \nfor the State. He subscribed $3,000 to procure the location of the \nState University at Columbia, and was one of its first curators. His \nreputation for rectitude and reliability was of the highest order. He was \nfor years a worthy and consistent member of the Baptist church. His \nchildren are among the most enterprising and intelligent citizens of \nBoone county, one son, J. L., representing the county in the General \nAssembly some years since, and no name has been held in higher es- \nteem in Boone county, than that of Bass. Eli\'s eld^r brother, John \nM., was a lawyer of distinction in St. Louis, a compeer of Bates, \nGamble, Geyer and Lucas, and afterwards was, for twenty-five years, \npresident of the Union Bank of Tennessee. Eli Bass married Miss \nMargaret, daughter of Capt. Wra. Johnson, of Boone county, who \nsurvives him. She is a noble, highly cultivated Christian lady, be- \nloved by all who know her. \n\nCAPT. MONROE BATEMAN. \n\nCaptain Monroe Bateman is a native of Fleming county, Ken- \ntucky, where he was born February 13, 1831. Is the son of Newton \nand Margaret Bateman. He was educated in Mason county, Kentucky. \nIn 1852 Mr. Bateman went to Stockton, California, where he re- \nmained five years. Returning to Mason county, he engaged in the \nmercantile business at Minerva until 1857. At the breaking out of \nthe war Captain Bateman raised a company of cavalry for the Union \narmy. His command was mustered in as company L, 2d Ken- \ntucky cavalry. At one time his company served as escort to General \nSherman. He was captured by the enemy and was a prisoner until \n\n\n\n748 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nparoled, October 5, 1863. In the hitter part of the war he went to \nCincinnati where he engaged in the mercantile business with Ellis, \nMcAlpin & Co. He did not remain in Cincinnati but one year, com- \ning to Boone county, Missouri, in 1864. He was married. May 5, \n1864 to Miss Mary A., daughter of Jesse and Mary Boulton. Their \nunion has been blessed with eight children, four of whom are dead. \nThe deceased children were Clarence M., born May 4, 1865, died May \n28,1870; Levi M., born December 2, 1867, died June 13, 1870; \nRuth A., born August 8, 1875, died January 3, 1876, and an infant \nson, born and died May 3, 1871. The living children are Mary L., \nborn August 15, 1869 ; Jesse C, born December 4, 1872 ; Clinton C,, \nborn July 3, 1877, and Clark R., born November, 1879. Mr. Bate- \nman is a member of the Masonic lodge at Columbia, also a member of \nthe Columbia Christian church. Mrs. Bateman is a member of the \nsame church. Mr. Bateman is president of the Blackfoot and Colum- \nbia rock road, which position he has held for eight years. He is \nlargely interested in agriculture. His farm of 217 acres is well im- \nproved. It is an excellent stock farm, the land being well set in blue- \ngrass. It is situated three miles north of the court-house. He also \nowns 120 acres of land in sec-tion 18, township 49. - He has been \npresident, vice-president and director of the Boone County Agricul- \ntural and Mechanical Association, being for many years one of the \nmost active and energetic workers in this corporation. \n\nSAMUEL BEATTIE, DECEASED. \n\nThe old pioneer whose name heads this sketch was a native of Wash- \nington county, Virginia, where he was reared and educated. He came \nto Boone county, Missouri, in company with his brother David, as \nearly as 1818. He was married in this county, May 11, 1820, to Miss \nMary Denny, and the young couple made their bridal tour to Garrard \ncounty, Kentucky, on horseback, the trip requiring some three weeks. \nHe had settled on Thrall\'s Prairie some time in the year 1818. Two \nsons and three daughters were born to Mr. and Mrs. Beuttie, named \nWilliam N., David F., Sarah A., Mary E., and Elizabeth J. Samuel \nBeattie was the first constable of Perche township, having been ap- \npointed to that office in 1821. He was always a farmer, and the place \nhe settled is the one now occupied by his son, William N. Beattie. It \nlies one and a half miles north of Columbia court-house. He died in \nBoone county, January 31, 1831, and is buried by the side of his \nwife, on the old homestead, she having died September 29, 1856. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 749 \n\n\n\nWILLIAM N. BEATTIE. \n\n\n\nWilliam N. Beattie is a son of the deceased pair mentioned in the \nsketch of Samuel Beattie, and was born in Boone county, April 20, \n1821. He seems to have been the oldest of five children, and was \nreared and educated in his native county, receiving his education at \nColumbia College. He was married September 20, 1849, to Miss \nKatharine, daughter of Samuel and Letitia (Hayes) Murrell. They \nhave five children \xe2\x80\x94 three sons and two daughters. Mr. Beattie has \nalways been a farmer, and is now residing on the old place settled by \nhis father. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, of Columbia. \nHe was quite young when his father died, though he was the oldest \nchild ; and the work of the family maintenance and improvement of \nthe farm devolved largely upon him. Since he has become solely \npossessed of the old farm, he has greatl}^ improved and built \nup the place, till it is now, at this writing, one of the finest farms \nin Boone county. \n\nJOHN W. BEAZLEY, DECEA8ED. \n\nMr. Beazley was the son of Thomas and Elizaljeth (Woolfolk) \nBeazley, and was born in Boone county, seven miles southwest of \nColumbia. He received his education in this county, and in early \nlife learned the cabinet-maker\'s trade, at which he worked for seven \nyears. On the 20th of December, 1855, he was married to Miss \nSarah Lynes, daughter of James M. and Hannah B. (Victor) Lynes. \nSoon after his marriage, Mr. Beazley quit the cabinet-making business, \nand moved on a farm three and a half miles southeast of Columbia, \nwhere he continued to reside till the time of his death, which occurred \nMay 24th, 1864. Mrs. Beazley, his widow, is still living in Boone \ncounty at the time of this writing. She is a member of the Bonne \nFemme Baptist church, and has been for nineteen years. \n\nJESSE A. BOULTON. \n\nJudge Jesse A.ugustus Boulton is the son of Brice and Eliza (Pep- \nper) Boulton. He was born in Mason county, Kentucky, May 19, \n1817, and came to this county in the fall of 1840. He was edu- \ncated at Bacon College, Georgetown, Kentucky, of which David S. \nBurnett was president. After completing his education, he taught \nschool in Bracken county, Kentucky, afterwards at Woodlawn Sem- \ninary. He was married, October 17, 1839, to Miss Mary H., daughter \nof Levi Todd and Mary (Eniison) Smith. By this marriage they \n\n\n\n750 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nhad two children, one son and one daughter. The son, David R., is \nnow in Maysville, California. Mrs. Boulton, died February 26, 1846, \nand was buried on the farm formerly owned by her father, now the \nproperty of Capt. Monroe Bateman. Judge Boulton returned to \nKentucky in the spring of 1847, and was married soon after to Miss \nClara, daughter of Robert and Elizabeth Payne (Loyd) Ferine. By \nthis union they have had five sons and one daughter. Jesse L. was \n\nborn and died September 8, 1854. Robert Ferine was \n\nborn June 29th, 1854. He is now professor of English literature at \nthe Christian University at Canton, Missouri, which position he has \noccupied for several years. Lillie Francis was born July 25, 1857 ; \nWalter E., April 6, 1861 ; Fayne A., August 18, 1864, and John \nW., August 21, 1867. Judge Boulton was employed to teach \nthe public school at Columbia in 1840, and was actively engaged in \nthis business for several years. From 1847 to 1850 he taught at \nWoodlawn Seminary, Kentucky, as previously stated in this biography. \nHe served two terms as judge of the Boone county court, first term \nby appointment from Gov. Hardin in 1875. The year following, he \nwas elected to the same office. Judge Boulton has followed teaching \nand farming all his life. He was president of the Boone county \ngrange for two years, and has always been an active, zealous member \nof that organization. He is an official member of the Christian \nchurch, and his wife has been a communicant of that church for forty \nyears. Since 1850, Judge Boulton has followed farming exclusively. \nHe has a fine farm of 475 acres three and one-half miles northeast of \nColumbia, all of which is inclosed. One-half of the land is in grass; \nthe remainder he devotes to the various crops usually grown on the \nfarm. Mr. Boulton has a remarkable memory. He recollects every \nincident connected with his life from earliest childhood, and can name \nthe date of each occurrence correctly. Rice Boulton, the father of \nJesse, was born in Charlotte county, Virginia, December 23, 1787, \nand emigrated to Kentucky in 1813. The year following he Avas mar- \nried to Eliza Fepper, of Mason county, Kentucky, a professional \nschool teacher. The elder Boulton was for years sheriff of Mason \ncounty. Came to Boone county, Missouri, March 26, 1853, and lived \nwith his son Jesse until his death, which occurred March 26, 1866. \nHe was a member of the Christian church, and his wife, who is still \nliving \xe2\x80\x94 having reached her eighty-fourth year \xe2\x80\x94 is also a member of \nthe same church, and has been for seventy years. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 751 \n\nG. A. BRADFORD. \n\nGeorge Austin Bradford is the son of Austin and Levina Bradford, \nof Scott county, Kentucky, in which State he was born June 6, 1830. \nHe came to Boone county in 1836, and was educated at the Bonne \nFemme Academy, six miles southeast of Columbia. Was married \nJanuary 28, 1858, to Miss Annie, daughter of Joel and Dorcas T. \nSmith, of Randolph county, Missouri. Mr. Bradford was raised on \nthe farm and has followed farming all his life. He owns twelve \nhundred and fifty acres of land. A body of four hundred acres con- \nstitutes the tract upon which he lives. This farm is well located and \nfinely improved. He has a fine frame residence situated three miles \nsoutheast of Columbia, on the Columbia and Ashland gravel road. \nMr. Bradford is largely engaged in stock-raising and has some fine \nthoroughbred Durham cattle. He is a member of the Christian \nchurch at Olivet, on the Two-Mile Prairie, and has been a mem- \nber of this congregation for fifteen years. \n\nMICHAEL BRIGHT. \n\nMichael Bright is the son of Michael and Jane (McClung) Bright, \nand was born in Callaway county, Missouri, May 20th, 1848. His \nfather was from Greenbrier county. West Virginia, and emigrated to \nMissouri in 1834. The grandfather of our subject was also Michael \nBright, and his wife was Sarah Price, all Virginians. The father of \nMichael, our subject, settled in Callaway county, Missouri, near Ste- \nphens\' store, and lived upon the farm until his death, in 1881. He \nis buried at Cedar church, in Callaway county. The present Michae \nwas reared upon the farm and lived with his parents until he was \ntwenty-four years old, when he went to Wyoming Territory, and \nstayed two years. He was married on the 28th of May, 1874, to Miss \nAdelia A., ds^ughter of John C. and Elizabeth McKinney, of Boone \ncounty. Mrs. Bright\'s father is dead, but her mother is yet living. \nHer father died in 1875, and is buried at Walnut Grove church. Mr. \nand Mrs. Bright lived one year after their marriage in Callaway \ncounty, and then sold their farm and bought and improved the place \nhere in Boone where they are now living. The farm contains 240 \nacres, well improved. The house is upon the southwest quarter of \nsection 20, township 49, range 11. Mr. Bright handles stock consid- \nerably, mostly cattle. His wife is a member of the Baptist church \nat Prairie Grove. They have one son, John McKinney Bright. \n\n\n\n752 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nBEERYWICK J. BROWN. \n\n\n\nBerry wick Johnson Brown is a native of Boone county. He is the \nson, and only surviving child of James and Sarah Ann (Davis) Brown, \nwho were among the early settlers of Boone county. Berrywick was \nborn four and one-half miles northwest of Columbia, November 3, \n1848. He was educated at the district schools, completing his studies \nat the Missouri State University. Was married November 29, 1877, \nto Miss Lula, daughter of Philip and George Ann (Nichols), Prather. \nBy this marriage they have had two sons. Mr. Brown was raised on \nthe farm, and has followed agriculture exclusively until recently, when \nhe added the business of brick-making, forming for this purpose a \npartnership under the firm name of Brown & Berry. This is the \nlargest firm of the kind ever established in Columbia. They employ \nover twenty hands. They have all the modern machinery for making \npressed brick, such as our people were formerly compelled to ship \nfrom a distance. They find ready sale for all their brick. Though \nthe enterprise is yet in its infancy, Messrs. Brown & Berry have every \nreason to feel encouraged, and the people of Columbia are fortunate \nin thus securing good material for the many excellent buildings that \nare being added to the town every year. Mr. Brown has a farm of \n500 acres, situated two miles north of Columbia, on the Columbia and \nBlackfoot rock road. He is a member of the Columbia lodge of \nK. of P. His wife is a member of the Christian church, James Brown, \nthe father of B. J., was born July 27, 1798, and came to Boone \ncounty in 1832, emigrating from Madison county, Kentucky. He was \nmarried March 5, 1840, to Sarah A. Davis, of Scott county, Ken- \ntucky. By this union they had seven children, six sons and one \ndaughter, Berrywick being the fifth child born of this marriage. He \nis the only child now living. James Brown, the father of Berrywick, \ndied in 1865, and was buried on the farm now owned by his son. \nMrs. Brown died July 18, 1873, aged fifty-nine years. She was \nburied by the side of her husband. The elder Brown was banished \nfrom Missouri in 1862, on account of his Southern proclivities. He \nspent most of his exile at Greencastle, Indiana. * \n\nLEONIDAS B. BROWN, M. D. \n\nDr. Leonidas B. Brown is the son of James and Dorcas (McCalla)- \nBrown, of Scott county, Kentucky, where he was born May 13, 1828. \nThe family came to Boone county, Missouri, in the spring of 1835. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 753 \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nHe was educated at Georgetown College, Kentucky. Studied medi- \ncine in the office of Greig & Rankin, Georgetown, Kentucky, after- \nwards graduating at the University of Louisville, in the twenty-fourth \nyear of his age. He next attended a course of lectures at Jefferson \nMedical College, Philadelphia, graduating in the spring of 1852. He \nthen came to Boone county, Missouri, where he practiced his profes- \nsion for two years, returning to Philadelphia for another course of \nlectures. Completing his medical studies, he returned to Boone county \nand resumed his former practice at Brown\'s Station. He moved his \nfamily to the farm, formerly owned by his father, one-half mile east of \nStephens\' station, but still keeps his office at Brown\'s Station, which \nderives its name from him. The village, consisting of some eight or \nten houses, is built on his land. He has an extensive practice, visit- \ning in his rounds some three hundred families. He has at his home \nfarm 170 acres, and at Brown\'s station about 40 acres. Dr. Brown \nwas married December 19, 1854, to Miss Thompson, daughter of \nRichard and Ann (Swan) Thompson. By this marriage they had one \nson and one daughter. The first wife died in 1856. In 1858 he was \nmarried to Miss Nannie, daughter of Hugh and Mary Wright. By this \nunion they have four sons and one daughter. Dr. Brown\'s father was \na carpenter, but carried on a farm while working at his trade. He \nbuilt a great many houses in Columbia. He was quartermaster in the \nMormon war, under General Thomas D. Grant. He died in 1845, and \nis buried at the old Hinkson church. Mrs. Brown died in 1869, and \nis buried by the side of her husband. Their family consisted of nine \nchildren, five sons and four daughters, of whom three sons and two \ndaughters are now living. Dr. Brown being the oldest. F. C. Brown \nis a practicing physician at Hickory Grove church, Boone county. C. \nC. Brown is in the mercantile business, St. Louis ; Isabella married \nJesse Hart; Miriam married Samuel Crockett, all of Boone count}^. \nMrs. Dr. Brown is a member of the Methodist church. \n\nA. p. CLARKSON. \n\nArthur Payne Clarkson is the son of Dr. Henry Mt and Mariam \n(Payne) Clarkson. Dr. Clarkson was a graduate of the old Medical \nCollege at Philadelphia, but never practiced his profession. He owai- \ned a large plantation in Fauquier county, Virginia, which required all \nof his attention. His wife\'s father was also one of the largest planters \nin their section of Virginia. Arthur P. Clarkson came to Missouri in \n1841 and settled in Columbia, where he remained for six or seven \n48 \n\n\n\n754 . HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nyears. He then moved to the farm upon which he now resides, five \nmiles east of Columbia, on the gravel road. He Avas educated at \nWestminster College, Fulton, Missouri. Was married April 26th, \n1859, to Miss Emily A., daughter of William H. and Harriet (Hol- \nley) Brand, of Lexington, Kentucky. Dr. Holley, grandfather of \nMrs. Clarkson, was four years president of Transylvania College, \nLexington, Kentucky. Mr. Clarkson has alw&ys followed farming. \nHe owns a fine farm one and a half miles east of Columbia, on the St. \nCharles road. From 1867 to 1873 Mr. Clarkson was chairman of \nthe Boone County Democratic Central Committee. He has always \ntaken a lively interest in political matters. While not a partisan, \nstrictly speaking, he is yet sincere and positive in his political convic- \ntions and unwavering in his support of party men and measures. \n\nJOHN CONNELLY. \n\nThe above is the original spelling of the name of an old pioneer \nfamily, though the orthography has been changed by the descendants \nand younger generation, who spell the name C-o-n-l-e-y, dropping out \none " n " and one " 1 \'" and placing the " e " between the " 1 " and \nthe"y." John Connelly, the subject of this sketch, was born in \nMaryland in the year 1755, and came to Boone county, Missouri, in \n1827. He married Elizabeth Turner of Madison county, Kentucky, \nand became the ancestor of many of the generations in Boone county, \nwho bear the name, and the altered name as mentioned above. Mr. \nConnelly served under Gen. Greene in the Revolutionary War, and \nwas present at Yorktown when Lord Cornwallis handed over his \nsword to Gen. Washington. This worthy old pioneer died at the \nhome of his son-in-law, James Turner, in 1849, on what is known as \nthe Two-mile Prairie, and was laid by his friends and relatives in his \nlast resting place. \n\nSANFOIID CONNELLY \n\nIs a son of John and Elizabeth (Turner) Connelly, and was born in \nMadison county, Kentucky, January 8th, 1815, and was partially \neducated in his native county. He completed his education in Boone \ncounty, Missouri, whither his parents removed in 1827. When 22 \nyears old he enlisted, in 1837, for service in the " Florida War." \nHe served three mouths under command of Col. Richard Gentry, \nand with credit to himself. Mr. Connelly was married in Boone \ncounty, December 23d, 1840, to Jane Le Force, daughter of William \nandMar}^ (Martin) Le Force, a fiimih\' of French descent. Mr. Con- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 755 \n\nnelly was engaged in business in Columbia, keeping a general mer- \nchandise store from 1858 to 1862. He then sold his stock of goods \nto his nephew, John C. Connelly, and moved to the comitry on a \nfarm of 280 acres, four miles northwest of Columbia, where he lived till \n1879. On leaving tliat place, he moved to his present place of resi- \ndence, two and a half miles south of Columbia. Mr. Connelly is one \nof Boone county\'s most substantial farmers, and owns some 570 acres \nof as good land as is in the county. He is a member of the " Olivet " \nChristian church. \n\nANDREW MAY CONWAY. \n\nAndrew M. Conway, son of Gen. Frederick Hector and Martha \n(Collins) Conway, was born in St. Louis, Missouri, October 8, 1842. \nCame to Boone county in 1849. Was educated at the Bonne Femme \nAcademy, and at Elm Ridge Academy, Howard county, completing his \nliterary education at the Missouri State University in 1864. Completing \nhis medical course in 1874 at St. Louis. Returning to Boone county, he \nopened an ofBce at Midway, seven miles west of Columbia. In Oct. 1875, \nhe married Miss Susan, daughter of Isaac and Susan (Anderson) Hays. \nIn the spring of 1876, Dr. Conway went to Texas with the view of \nlocating, but came back to Boone county in 1878 and settled at \nStephens\' stationv>wlieref;he: is now practicing his profession and \nrapidly building up a good business. They have two children : Fred- \nerick R., born September 14, 1876, and Julia, born April 10, 1881. \nThe doctor is not a member of any church. Mrs. Conway is a mem- \nber of the Methodist Church South. Gen. Frederick R. Conway, the \nfather of the subject of this sketch, was a man of considerable promi- \nnence. He was born in Green county, Tennessee, July 4, 1799. He \nwas a grandson of Col. Henry Conway, of the Revolutionary war, and \nthe son of Judge Thomas Conway, who moved to Howard county, \nMissouri, in 1818, where he remained until his death in 1836. In \nearly manhood Gen. Conwaj^ served as clerk in the office of his uncle, \nWilliam Rector, surveyor-general of Missouri and Illinois, also deputy \nLTnited States surveyor of public lands. In 1830 he w^as appointed \nUnited States recorder of land titles in St. Louis, an office created by \nCongress for the purpose of settling claims under French and Spanish \ngrants in the territory of Louisiana. He moved to Boone county in \n1849. He was one of seven brothers, two of whom, James S. and Elias \nN. , were governors of the same State ( Arkansas), an incident without a \nparallel in the history of this country. Henry W., the eldest brother, \nwas an officer in the United States army. While stationed in Arkau- \n\n\n\n756 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsas territory he resigned and was elected a delegate to Congress. \nPending a subsequent election, he was killed in a duel. Dr. John E., \nanother brother, was a surveyor of public lands and commissioner to \ndefine the boundary line between Texas and Arkansas. William, the \nfifth brother, was supreme judge of Arkansas. Thomas, the sixth \nbrother, was a merchant. He died at Huntsville, Missouri, when \nquite a young man. Ex-Governor Elias Conway is the only sur- \nviving brother. He is now living at Little Rock, Arkansas. There \nwere three sisters. One became the wife of William Shields, another \nmarried a man named Runkle. The third is Mrs. Gen. William Pel- \nham, living near Austin, Texas. Gen. Conway first married a widow \nnamed Smith. By this union they had one son. She dying a short \ntime after her marriage, he wedded Martha Collins. There were five \nchildren by this union: Lucy A., Thomas F., a lawyer in Santa Fe, \nNew Mexico; Andrew M., Mary E., deceased, and Francis H., who \nis now running a cotton plantation on the Arkansas river, near Little \nRock. \n\nJAMES WILLIAM CONLEY. \n\nJames William Conley, son of John and Belila (Weldon) Conley, \nwas born in Boone county, Missouri, May 11, 1835. He was brought \nup on the farm and educated at the common schools of the country. \nMarried, November 5, 1857, Miss Anna E., daughter of Orastus and \nMary (Summers) Reid. By this union they have nine children, one \nson aud eight daughters, all of whom are living: Mollie B., born \nDecember 22, 1858 ; Maggie Lee, born September 3, 1861 ; Mattie and \nMinnie, born December 16, 1863; Alva N., born April 19, 1867; \nAlvin, born July 15, 1870 ; Rosa, B., born November 20, 1873 ; Genie, \nborn January 21, 1877 ; Roy, born December 13, 1879. Mr. Conley \ntaught school in Boone county, beginning in the spring of 1855 and \ncontinuing until 1862. In 1870-71, run a saw-mill on the old Prather \nfarm, seven and one-half miles northeast of Columbia, on Clay\'s Fork. \nSince 1871 he has followed farming continuously up to the present \ntime. He owns a fine farm of 300 acres, seven miles northeast of \nColumbia, on the Middletown road. The farm is well watered and \ntimbered. He has lived on this farm since 1858. He has improved \nthe place to the very best advantage. A large portion of the land is \nin grass and woodland pasture. He devotes about one hundred acres \nto corn, wheat and oats. He has two of the finest sugar orchards in \nthe county. Has a good coal mine, the vein being from three to four \nfeet in thickness. It was opened some time in 1850. Mr. Conley is \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 757 \n\na member of the Masonic order, also a Patron of Husbandry. He is a \nmember of the Oakland Christian church. Four of his daughters \nare members of the same church. \n\nHUGH DEVIER, \n\nIs a son of Allen and Nancy (Turley) Devier ; was born May 17, 1818, \nin Rockingham county, Virginia. He is the third of a family of ten \nchildren. His father, Allen Devier, was born in Rockingham county, \nVirginia, in the year 1787, and died August, 1850. His mother was \nalso a native of the same county and died in 1861, They are buried \nin the county in which they were born, married and died. Hugh \nreceived his education in Augusta and Rockingham counties, Virginia. \nHe lived at home with his parents until he was thirty years of age, \nwhen, in the spring of 1848, he came to Boone county, Missouri, and \nsettled on the farm that was bought by his grandfather, Wm. Devier, \nof Christian county, Kentucky, in 1818, for $2.50 per acre. When \nHugh took charge of the place it was a wild timbered tract, never \nhaving heard the ring of the ax, or felt the glebe of the plow. By \nhard work and skilful management it has been transformed into one \nof the best farms in the county, containing 428 acres, six miles north- \neast of Columbia, on the range line road. Mr. Devier was a large \ndealer in cattle and hogs from 1861 to 1880. He was married March \n2, 1847, to Miss Alcinda E., daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Keller) \nMiller, from Strasburg, Virginia. By this union they have eight \nchildren, five boys and three girls: James William, Sarah V., Jacob \nA., Hugh J., Mary E., Hiram K., Stonewall J., and Nancy T., and \nare all living at home except James William, who lives in Denton \ncounty, Texas. Himself, wife and four of their children are members \nof the Missionary Baptist church. His brother, Giles Devier, is edi- \ntor of the Rockingham Register, of Rockingham county, Virginia, \nestablished in 1832. \n\nSAMUEL DINWIDDIE. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Samuel and Patsy (McBride) \nDinwiddie. He was born in Boone county, Missouri, October 25th, \n1845. He was educated at the district schools, attending the old \nbrick school house, four miles east of Columbia, and what was known \nas the Old White school house, four miles southeast of Columbia. \nMr.. Dinwiddie was married November 11th, 1868, to Hettie, daughter \nof Wm. H. and Missouri Hickam Garrett, of Linn county, Missouri. \nHe is a farmer, and has followed agricultural pursuits all his life. He \n\n\n\n758 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nresides on the old farm bought by his father in 1840, situated on \nthe Columbia and Cedar creek rock road. He is a member of the \nOlivet Christian church. His wife, who died May 21st, 1882, was \na member of the same church. \n\nJAMES m\' BRIDE DINWIDDIE. \' \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Samuel and Patsy (McBride) \nDinwiddle, and was born in Lincoln county, Kentucky, Ma}\' 11th, \n1839. His parents were natives of Kentucky, and emigrated to \nBoone county, Missouri, when James was about a year old, and settled \nthe place upon which his son Samuel is now living, about four miles \neast of Columbia. Samuel Dinwiddle was a tanner by trade, but followed \nfarmino: after he came to Missouri until his death in 1865. His \nwife, our subject\'s mother, died in 1868, and they are buried upon \nthe old homestead. They had nine children. James McBride has \nlived in Boone county all his life, save one year spent in Illinois dur- \ning the war. He was educated in the country schools principally, \ngoing one term to the University. He was married May 11th, 1862, \nto Miss Kate, daughter of William Moseley. By this union they have \nhad nine children: William S., Mary Irene, Clara Moseley, John, \nJulia, Ella, James, Charles and Thomas. Mr. and Mrs. Dinwiddie \nare members of the Christian church, and he is a member of the \nKnights of Honor at Columbia. He is of Scotch-Irish descent, and a \nlife-long Democrat. Has farmed all his life, and been quite successful. \nHe has a fine farm, and is accounted one of the substantial citizens of \nthe county. \n\nJAMES C. DYSART. \n\nJames C. Dysart, son of Madison and Maria (Cowan) Dysart, was \nborn in Callaway county, Missouri, September 21st, 1836. He came \nto Booue county with his parents in 1838. He was educated at the \ncommon schools of the county, and worked on the farm until 1857, \nwhen he was engaged as a salesman at Burlington by J. C. \nThompson. The business was afterwards moved to Sturgeon, and \nhe continued with Thompson for a while. Then he formed a part- \nnership with a man named Cros white, in the dry goods business. He \ncontinued with Croswhite until 1861, when the partnership was dis- \nsolved, and he continued the business alone until 1864, when he \nsold out and removed to Helena, Montana Territory, where he \nopened a grocery store. He went by steamer from St. Louis. On \nthe way the vessel sunk near Omaha, His famil}\' then returned \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 759 \n\nhome, while he continued his journey on board another steamer. \nHe landed at Helena City July 12th, 1865, and opened a grocery store \nwhich he ran until September of that year. He also engaged in min- \ning, having an interest in a quartz mill. Leaving Helena in Septem- \nber, he went to Fort Benton. There he took passage on a flat-boat \nfor Sioux City, Iowa, and from there to St. Joseph, Missouri, trav- \nelled by stage. Returning to Boone county, he engaged in farming- \nnear Hallsville in 1867. He continued in the business for about a \nyear, when he came to Brown\'s Station and engaged in the general \nmercantile business under the firm name of Dysart & Turner. One \nyear later the firm was dissolved, Mr. Dysart buying Turner\'s interest \nin the business. He ran the store alone for one year, when he took \nW. A. Goodding in partnership, the firm name being Dysart & Good- \nding. Two years later Mr. Dysart bought out Mr. Goodding\' s inter- \nest, and has since conducted the business alone. He has a good \ntrade, and is doing well. In connection with the store he is running a \nsaw and grist mill, in partnership with James L. Henry. Mr. Dysart \nwas married January 4th, 1849, to Miss Mary E., daughter of Lewis \nand Sallie (Barnes) Reid, daughter of Elder James Barnes. By this \nunion they have eight children, five sons and three daughters, six of \nwhom are living. One of the sons, George R., received severe inju- \nries while raking hay, August 5th, 1882, from which he died the day \nfollowing. \n\nBERKLEY ESTES (DECEASED). \n\nThis gentleman, though now numbered with the dead, will be re- \nmembered by many as an old settler of Boone county. Mr, Estes \nwas the son of Richard Estes, of Virginia, and was born in Spottsyl- \nvania county, of that State, in 1797, and resided in his native State \nduring youth. He came to this State and county in 1827, having \nbeen reared and educated in Virginia, where he was also married. \nOn February 5th, 1826, he was married to Miss Malinda Estes, and \non her death, was a second time married to Miss Mary Smith, April \n24th, 1839. He was by trade a brick-layer, though he farmed for \nmany years after coming to Missouri. He bought a farm in this coun- \nty, three miles southeast of Columbia, on the Cedar Creek road. \nWhen the " War of \'12 " came on, Mr. Estes was just of the suitable \nage to take part in that brief struggle against England, and he served \nhis country faithfully under Commodore Barry. By ftis first wife he \nhad five children, four daughters and a son, of whom only one \xe2\x80\x94 Mar- \ngaret E., wife of John R. Boulton \xe2\x80\x94 is living at this writing. By the \n\n\n\n760 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsecond marriage, Mr. Estes was the father of three boys and one girl, \nof whom William B., and R. S. Estes still survive. Mr. Estes de- \nparted this life, July 29th, 1869, and he and his wife are both buried \nin the family burying ground on the old homestead. \n\nRICHARD SAMUEL ESTES \' \n\nIs the son of Berkley Estes, deceased, and was born in Boone county \nMay 27, 1847. He was educated in his native county, and was mar- \nried, April 6th, 1869, to Cordelia, daughter of John and Margaret \nCarlisle. He has followed farming and stock raising, and is living on \nthe old homestead. The farm contains 257 acres, mostly in grass. \nMr. and Mrs. Estes have six children, three boys and three girls, all \nliving at this writing. He and wife are both members of the Olivet \nChristian church. There is a splendid coal bank on his farm of a good \nquality, which will of course be fully worked at some future time. A \nstream of clear water, called Limestone Creek, runs through his place, \nand affords abundant water for his stock. \n\nARCHIBALD TURNER GARTH. \n\nMr. Garth is the son of John E. and Kate M. (Turner) Garth and \nwas born in Boone county, Missouri, February 24th, 1852. His father \nJohn Robert Garth, was born in Fayette county, Kentucky, November \n10th, 1827. He was married in Boone county, Missouri, in January, \n1851, to Miss Catherine M. Turner. He was one of Columbia\'s most \nenterprising merchants and best citizens. He died suddenly on the \n23d of July, 1877, at the residence of his son, A. T. Garth, and is bur- \nied at the Columbia cemeter3^ Our subject, A. Turner Garth, was \neducated at the State University and at Bryant & Stratton\'s Com- \nmercial College, of St. Louis. In 1873 and 1874 he was engaged in \nthe boot and shoe business in Columbia, and in 1877 and 1878 he was \nwith R. H. Clinkscales in the grocery business. In the spring of \n1880 he went back upon the farm and has dealt largely in stock ever \nsince. He handles none but the best blood, and has shipped many \nyoung cattle to Kansas and other Western States. He is interested in \na very large herd of cattle in Dickerson county, Kansas, and in the \nspring of 1881 he shipped an extra large lot of stock to the West. \nHe and his brother, S. T. Garth, have a very large farm, well ap- \npointed in all modern improvements and well stocked with thorough- \nbreds. The home farm is called the Rose-Bud Herd Farm, and is one \nof the best upon the celebrated Two-mile prairie. Mr. Garth was mar- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. Tiil \n\nried October the 8tli, 1872 to Miss Ella M., daughter of I. W. and A. \nB. McDonald, of Kansas City. They are blest with one child, Ro- \nberta B. Mr. and Mrs. Garth are members of the Christian church \nand he is a member of the A. O. U. W. society. \n\nR. BROWN GANS. \n\nR. B. Gans, the celebrated optician and telescope maker, was born \nin Fayette county, Pennsylvania, July 2d, 1819. He was educated \nat the common schools of the county, and among other things learned \nthe cabinet-maker\'s trade from his father, who was a skilful mechanic. \nHe followed this business until the war. About the year 1847, and while \nyet a citizen of Pennsylvania, he commenced work as an optician. He \nmade some twelve telescopes, one of which he sold to Waynesburg Col- \nlege, Green county, Pennsylvania. After comiugto Boone county he \nresumed the business. / He made the one now in use at the Christian \nFemale College, Columbia, worth $1,000. He has one now in course \nof construction which will, when finished, be worth $2,000. It will \nbe an equatorial instrument, worked by a clockwork governor, ten \nfeet focal length, and seven inches clear aperture. It will be provided \nwith fifteen eye pieces of various kinds, together with a pull-rising \neye-piece and micrometer. It will be mounted on a heavy iron col- \numn of a half-ton weight, with right ascension and declination circle \nto five seconds. He also has a small instrument already complete. \nIt is fifty-seven inches focal length and three and one-fourth inches \naperture. It is mounted in brass on a heavy try -rod, together with \nfinder and four eye-pieces, possessing a magnifying power of from six- \nty to two hundred times. It is adjusted by rack and pivot and end- \nless screw. This instrument is valued at two hundred dollars. Mr. \nGans imports his glass from the same firm that supplies Clark & Son, \nof Cambridgeport, Massachussetts. He furnished one telescope to \nDr. Isaac Ridge, of Kansas City, in 1881, for which he received two \nhundred dollars. He has an invention of his own for grinding and \npolishing his glasses and lenses. The old method of grinding by \nhand took the time and trouble to grind one glass that he would de- \nvote to five, and his process is more accurate and better. He has a \nmachine lathe, made by Sheppard, of Cincinnati, which cost him two \nhundred dollars. \n\nROBERT PARKS GLENN. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Moses T. and Elizabeth \n(Cowan) Glenn, and was born May 24th, 1826, in Nicholas county, \n\n\n\n7<i2" HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nKentucky. His father, Moses Glenn, was born March 26th, 1791, in \nFleming county, Kentucky, and died in March, 1866. His mother \nAvas born in Nicholas county, Kentucky, May 15th, 1795 ; died in \n1879, and is buried by the side of her husband in the county of her \nbirth. They had eight children, six boys and two girls. Sarah P., \nborn March 24th, 1825; Robert P., born May 24th, 1826; Nancy \nA., born November 24th, 1827 ; Thos. J., born May 5th, 1829 ; John \nH., born February 11th, 1831 ; Archibald M., born February 8th, 1833, \nand died at Memphis in 1867 ; Moses A., born December 15, 1834 ; and \nJames M., born January 12th, 1837. EobertP., the second of the eight \nchildren, was educated in his native county. He lived upon the farm \nwith his father, and took the general management of the farm, which \nwas a very large one, being composed of just one thousand acres. \nHe lived at home till he was twenty years of age, then, in 1855, he \nran a saw and grist mill in Nicholas county, Kentucky, on Fleming \ncreek, known as the Pleasant Valley mills. After running the mills \nsatisfactorily for three 3^ears, he came to Audrain county, Missouri, \nand rented a farm upon which he raised one crop. He then bought a \nfarm in Boone county, ten miles northeast of Colnmbia, between the \nold St. Charles and Mexico roads, known as the Fuller Allen farm, \nwhere he still resides. The farm contains four hundred and eighty \nacres, and is one of the best improved farms in Boone county, being \nregarded as the model farm of the Two-mile prairie. He has five \nmiles of hedge upon the place, making an impassable barrier for \nunruly stock. He has a fine house, and his fields are all well-watered. \nHis stock consists of pedigreed short-horn cattle, Cots wold sheep \nand Berkshire hogs. He is a dealer in mules, handling, on an \naverage, eighty head per year. He was married. May 1st, 1856, \nto Miss Amanda F., daughter of John and Kitty (Squires) \nHall, of Nicholas county, Kentucky. They have four children ; \nJohn H., Moses F., Sallie and Robert B., all living. Himself, \nwife and danghter are members of the Christian church. Mrs. \nGlenn\'s father, John Hall, was born in Nicholas county, \nKentucky, May 8th, 1801. Her mother, Kitty Squires, was born in \nFauquier county, Virginia, March 15th, 1808. Their children were: \nMargaret Elizabeth, born December 30th, 1829 ; Cynthia Ealin, born \nJanuary 16th, 1832; Mary Catharine, born July 27th, 1834; Amanda \nFrances, born July 26th, 1836; Mildred Ann, born June 23d, 1838; \nHarriet Stout, born April 18th, 1840; Caroline Amelia, born April \n25th, 1842 ; Judith Ann, born July 1st, 1844 ; Laura, born September \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 763 \n\n20th, 1846, and died January 29th, 1849 ; Sarah Jane, born January \n4th, 1849; Robert Henry, born January 6th, 1855. Mrs. Glenn\'s \ngrandfather was James Hall, born in Ireland, May 5th, 1753, and \ndied February 7th, 1835. His wife, Elizabeth (Johnson) Hall, was \nborn December 28th, 1759, and died July 7th, 1839. Her grand- \nfather upon her mother\'s side was Micajah Squires, born February \n4th, 1770, and was murdered near St. Louis in 1819. His wife, \nMargaret Turley, was born October 3d, 1775, and died in August, \n1858. They were both born in Virginia. \n\nB. GORDON. \n\nBoyle Gordon is a native of Madison county, Kentucky, the home \nof many of our best citizens, and the native county of the parents or \nmany more. There is scarcely a neighborhood in Boone but has \nrepresentatives from this good old county, which gave so liberally of \nher best citizens to people Boone and other counties of Missouri. It \nseems strange that so many people could have left one county without \nin a great measure depopulating it. Visitors from that portion of \nKentucky are forcibly impressed with the similarity of the people of \nBoone as compared with their own. The reason is obvious: Centi\'al \nKentucky is virtually the parent of Boone county, and the resem- \n})lance is the natural result of a natural cause. Mr. Gordon was \nborn December 8th, 1825, and came to Boone county in the fall of \n1826. He remained in Columbia until 1840, when he returned to \nKentucky, where he remained for three years attending school. He \nreturned to Boone, j^nd entered the old Columbia Seminary, finishing \nhis education at the State Univel\xe2\x96\xa0sit3^ At the age of twenty-five \nhe commenced the study of law in the office of his father, John Boyle \nGordon, then a prominent attorney at the Columbia bar. Was \nadmitted to the practice of law Avhen twenty-seven 3^ears of age, and \nfollowed the profession without intermission until he retired from \npractice in 1872. He was appointed assistant professor of law in the \nState University, which position he holds at this writing. Mr. \nGordon was first married, in 1863, to Miss Susan Watson, of Ralls \ncounty, Missouri. She did not survive their marriage but one year, \ndying in 1864 He was elected to the Legislature from Columbia \ndistrict in 1864, serving two sessions. In 1875, Governor Hardin \nappointed him judge of the Boone county court, which office he \ndeclined. Mr Gordon has been quite successful in the practice of \nlaw. From 1856 to 1862, he was in partnership with General Guitar, \n\n\n\n764 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe firm commanding all the practice they could vvell attend to. July \n10th, 1867, Mr. Gordon was married to Ann Gentry, daughter of \nCol. Richard Gentry, who was killed in the Florida war, Mr. \nGordon owns a nice farm one and one half miles southeast of Columbia \non the Columbia and Ashland gravel road. The farm contains three \nhundred acres well improved and pleasantly situated. During the \nwar Mr. Gordon was a consistent Union man, but took no part in the \nstruggle. Since the war he has voted the Democratic ticket. He is \na member of the Presbyterian church, having united with that denom- \nination more than forty years ago. Mr. Gordon has had two \nchildren by his second wife. His daughter Annie, died April 5th, \n1879. His son Marshall, born April 6th, 1869, is still living. The \nremains of the old Black mill, one of the first water mills ever \nerected in Boone county, is situated on Mr. Gordon\'s place. It was \nbuilt as fiir back as 1839. It is situated on the Hinkson Creek. \nMr. Gordon has a fine collection of Indian pottery, arrow-heads and \nstone axes, and takes much interest in those relics. He is an afiable \ngentleman, firm in his opinions and resolute in maintaining them. \n\nCAPT. DAVID GUITAR. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Richmond, Madison county, \nKentucky, May 1st, 1827, and came to Boone county, Missouri, in \nthe fall of 1829. His parents were John and Emily (Gordon) Guitar. \nJohn Guitar was born in Agen, France, and emigrated to the United \nStates in 1819, landing first in New York, where he remained for two \nyears. From New York he went to Richmond, Kentucky, where he \nwas married, in 1824, to Miss Emily Gordon, daughter of David and \nMary Jane (Boyle) Gordon. The mother of Mrs. Guitar was a \nnative of Madison county, Kentucky, and a sister of Judge Boyle, of \nDanville, Kentucky. John Guitar was engaged in the mercantile \nbusiness previous to coming to Columbia, Missouri. On his arrival \nhere, he resumed his former occupation, selling dry goods and \njewelry. He was actively engaged in this business from 1829 up \nto the time of his death, which occurred in 1848, He is buried at the \nold family burying ground on what is known as the Old Widow \nGordon farm, east of Columbia. Mrs. Guitar died in 1847, and is \nburied by the side of her husband. Capt. Guitar was educated partly \nat the old Columbia College, finishing his studies at the Missouri \nState University, being one among the first students of that institu- \ntion. In 1847 he enlisted in the Mexican war, serving for one year. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 765 \n\nIn 1849 he went overland to California, where he remained for three \nyears. Returning to Cohimbia, he engaged in the mercantile \nbusiness under the firm name of Baker & Guitar. He followed this \nbusiness for seven years, when he sold out to his partner, G. F. \nBaker. In the spring of 1860 he removed to the farm he now \noccupies, two miles northeast of Columbia, During the war he was \ncaptain of a militia company under Gen. Douglass, After the war, he \ncontinued farming until 1869, when he entered the firm of Anderson, \nConly & Co., proprietors of the Columbia Mills. He followed this \nbusiness for eight years, returning to his farm in 1876. Capt. Guitar \nwas married, October 25th, 1854, to Miss Harriet, daughter of \nFerdinand and Martha (Bradley) Herndon, of Nashville, Tennessee. \nThe father of Mrs. Guitar was an officer in the war of 1812. He was \nborn in Fredricksburg, Virginia. By this union they have had ten \nchildren, eight of whom, five sons and three daughters, are still living. \nTheir names are: James G., David G., Elizabeth, William, Martha \nH., John, Harriet and Eddie. \n\nISAAC LOYD HADEN. \n\nThe subject of this notice is the son of Turner R. and Sarah Ann \n(Loyd) Haden, and was born August 11th, 1854, in Boone county, \nMissouri. His father came from Scott county, Kentucky, to Boone \ncounty, Missouri, about 1825 or 1826, and settled on what is now \nknown as the Bedfot\'d farm. He was a farmer, and died in January, \n1879. Mrs. Haden, the mother ot Isaac Loyd Haden, is still living, \naged fifty-seven. They reared a family of nine children, three boys \nand six girls. Our subject, Isaac, is the fourth child and second son. \nIsaac was born four miles northeast of Columbia. He was educated \nin his native county at what is known as the Kennan school house. \nHe lived at home until he was twenty-one years of age, when he mar- \nried Miss Myra Gillespie, daughter of Robert and Sophia (Barnes) \nGillespie. By this union they have two children, a boy and girl, \nWm. Porter and Sallie. He and his wife are members of the Chris- \ntian church at Hickory Grove, Callaway county, Missouri. He has a \ngood farm upon the Columbia and Concord road, ten miles northeast \nof Columbia. The soil is a black loam, and raises the very finest \nwheat and corn in the vicinity. \n\nJOEL HARRIS HADEN. \n\nJoel H. Haden, one of Boone county\'s most successful citizens, is \n\n\n\n766 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe son of Turner R, and Rebecca Haden, and was born in Scott \ncounty, Kentucky, September 12tli, 1811. He came to Boone countj^ \nin the fall of 1828, and rented a farm two and a half miles northeast \nof Columbia, now known as the Lenoir farm. He was first married \nto Miss Sarah Cave, daughter of Richard and Martha (Cave) Talbott. \nBy this marriage they have one child, Margaret, who is the wife of \nJohn W. Carter, of Boone county. Mr. Haden\'s first wife died May \n15tli, 1835. He was again married July 4th, 1838, to Miss Zerelda, \ndaughter of James and Maria Kirtley. Two sons were born of this \nunion, James W. and Turner R, S. The second wife having died No- \nvember 3d, 1870, Mr. Haden was married September 28th, 1872, to \nSarah, sister of the second wife. Mr. Haden has always followed \nfarming. His farm is one of the best in the county. He has a fine \nresidence, beautifully situated on the Columbia and Blackfoot rock \nroad, one and a half miles north of the city. Mr. Haden is in every \nsense of the word a self-made man, having accumulated a large for- \ntune by his individual eftbrt. His home place contains 900 acres. In \naddition to this he owns 600 acres elsewhere, besides much other valu- \nable property, all of which he accumulated by hard labor and good \nmanagement. Mr. Haden is at this writing seventy-one years old, \nbut looks to be not over fifty. \n\nEDWARD D. HENRY. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of John Todd and Sarah \n(Keene) Henry. He was born in Scott count}^ Kentucky, March 14,^ \n1812. Was educated in the common district schools of the country. \nCame to Boone county, Missouri, with his mother, in the fall of 1826, \nand settled on a farm five and one-half miles northeast of Columbia, \nwhere he remained until he was twenty-two years old. Then went \nfrom home to learn the trade of brick-laying under J. G. Keene and \nDavid Neal. In 1837 returned to Kentucky, in company with his \nbrother, where he remained for one year. When work was com- \nmenced on the Missouri State University he was employed to lay \nbrick, building the front wall of that institution. He helped to lay \nthe first brick that were placed in the University. In 1841 he, in \ncompany with Henry Keene, formed a partnership for making and \nlaying brick. He continued in this business for about six years. He \nwas married July 7th, 1852, to Miss Susan, daughter of Gabriel and \nElizabeth Parker. By this union they have had three sons and tw^o \ndaughters. Lizzie L., born May 2d, 1853 ; Mary, born October 15th, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 767 \n\n1856; Edward P., born September 7th, 1860; William Todd, born \nMarch 11th, 1867, died October 15th, 1877 ; Robert, born May 10th, \n1862, died May 11th, 1864. In 1849 Mr, Henry bought the farm \nupon which he now lives, containing 216 acres. This farm is well \nwatered and timbered, and is in every respect finely improved. Mr. \nHenry is an official member of the Presbyterian church and has \nbeen for thirty-three years. Mrs. Henry is also a member of the \nsame. Her father, Gabriel Parker, died February 24th, 1880, at the \nadvanced age of eighty-eight years. Her mother, Mrs. Parker, \ndied March 1st, 1864. \n\nJOHN TODD HENRY, JR., DECEASED. \n\nJohn Todd Henry, Jr., deceased, Avas the son of John Todd Henrv, \nSr., and Sarah (Keene) Henry. John Todd Henry, Sr., was a \nnative of Charlotte county, Virginia, and was born in 1762. He \ngraduated at Prince Edward College, Virginia, now Hampden Sid- \nney. He emigrated to Scott county, Kentucky, and was president of \na college in Georgetown, where he died, Februarj^ 23d, 1822. His \nwife was born in Maryland, in 1782, and moved to Scott county, \nKentucky, with her parents, when a child. She came to Boone \ncounty, Missouri, in 1826, where she died in 1860. They had four \nsons and four daughters. Two children, one son and one daughter, \nare dead. The living have all resided in Boone for fifty-six years, and \nin the same neighborhood. The oldest member of the family is \nSamuel L. Henry, who is now in his eighty-second year. John Todd \nPlenry, Jr., was born in Scott county, Kentucky, August 5th, 1803, \nand was educated at the common schools of his native county. In \nearly manhood he was constable of his township, and from 1826 to \n1828, was deputy sherifi" of Scott county, Kentucky. He was mar- \nried, February 25tli, 1834, to Miss Harriet, daughter of Capt. Francis \nand Elizabeth (Gordon) Coleman. The father of Mrs. Henry was a \ncaptain in the Revolutionary army. She was born December 21st, \n1811. She is the only one living of a family of seven children. Mr. \nand Mrs. Henry have had seven children, two of whom died in infancy. \nThe names of the living are John T., Samuel W., Sarah E., Robert \nE., and Emma. Mr. Henry came to Boone county in 1834, and set- \ntled on the farm upon which he died, August 5th, 1882. The farm is \nsituated six miles northeast of Columbia, and consists of 440 acres, \nfinely improved. When he settled this place there were but twelve \nacres of cleared land, the rest of the farm being in the woods. Mr. \n\n\n\n768 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHenry was a member of the Methodist church, Mrs. Henry is a \nmember of that church also. \n\nJAMES LAWRENCE HENRY. \n\nJames Lawrence Henry, Jr., son of Dr. James L. and Mary A. \n(Barnard) Henry, was born in Easton, WasMngton county, New \nYork, September 22d, 1839, and was educated at Greenwich, which \nis also in Washington county. In 1856 he left his native State, going \nfirst to Farmington, Iowa, where he worked one year in the machine \nshops, then to Knox county, Missouri, where he worked in the milling \nbusiness eighteen months under the firm name of Hill & Henry. \nSelling out his interest in the mill he went to Macon City, Missouri, \nwhere he acted as superintendent of a livery stable owned by Harry \nWortz. He remained in this business until 1859, when he came to \nBoone county and drove the Columbia and Sturgeon stage for Leonard \n& Burks until the spring of 1860, when he engaged in the steam saw- \nmill business. He removed the mill from near Centralia to Hinkson \ncreek, ten miles northeast of Columbia. He ran this mill until March, \n1861, when he went to farming one mile east of Brown\'s Station. He \n^vas married March 10th, 1861, to Frances S., daughter of James and \nLouisa (Eidgway) Lampton. By this union they had seven children, \ntwo sons and five daughters. Mary L., born February 5th, 1862, \ndied August 23d, 1866 ; Eunice B., born November 12th, 1868 ; John \nL.,born April 13th, 1871 ; Susan G., born July 6th, 1873 : James C, \nborn July 19th, 1876, died May 11th, 1878; Marion L., born Feb- \nruary 7th, 1879, and Elizabeth R., born February 23d, 1881. Mr. \nHenry enlisted in the Confederate army in 1861 under Capt. Robert \nL. Maupin, then again under Capt. Amos Hulett. After several at- \ntempts to reach the army, he was captured in the summer of 1862, and \nconfined in prison at St. Louis, Alton and Washington City. In the \nspring of 1863 he was exchanged and sent to City Point, Virginia. \nFrom there he went West and joined Capt. Harvey G. McKinney\'s \ncompany, of which he was made first sergeant. Was ordered to \nBoonia station, near Vicksburg, where he was attached to company \nH, of the Fifth regiment, commanded by Col. James McCown. Was \nin the battle near Vicksburg, May 15th, 1863. May 18th, 1864, \njoined Johnston\'s army at Kingston, and participated in the battle of \nNew Hope church. He also took part in Hood\'s raid on Nashville. \nWas wounded at Altoona station. His brigade was captured at the \nsiege of Fort Blakely and sent to Ship Island, in the Gulf of Mexico. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 769 \n\nThey were afterwards taken to Vicksburg and exchanged. He sur- \nrendered under Gen. Dick Taylor, May 12th, 1865. In 1873 he built \nthe mill called by his name, situated on Rocky Fork, six miles north \nof Columbia. Since returning: from the war he has followed milling: \nand farming. He is now engaged in the milling business at Brown\'s \nStation, in partnership with J. C. Dysart. In 1878 he made the race \nfor assessor, but was beaten seventy-nine votes by M. G. Quinn. He \nwas a candidate in 1880 before the primary election, but was again \ndefeated. He is master of the Hallsville Grange, also a member of \nthe Hallsville Masonic lodge, and of the K. P. lodge, Columbia. He \nand his wife are members of the Christian church. His father died in \nTroy, New York in 1843. His mother is now living at Fox Lake, \nWisconsin. \n\nL. P. HICKAM. \n\nLycurgns P. Hickam\'s parents, Ezekiel and Nancy (Sims) Hickam, \nwere natives of the " Old Dominion," but emigrated to Missouri in. \nan early day. L. P. Hickam was born in Boone county, February \n26th, 1830. He was raised on the farm, and is himself a well-to-do \nfarmer. His farm, consisting of 430 acres, is situated three miles \nsouthwest of Columbia, on the old Providence and Columbia plank \nroad. His land is all under fence, and is well watered and timbered. \nThe homestead is conveniently situated and is esteemed one of the \nmost desirable in that vicinity. Mr. Hickam is a member of the \nMasonic order and a communicant of the Baptist church. He has \nbeen a church member for fifteen years, and at this writing is a \ndeacon of the Bethel church. \n\nJUDGE JOSEPH W. HICKAM. \n\nJudge Joseph W. Hickam has probably spent more years in public \nlife than any other man now living in Boone county. From early \nmanhood to old age he has served his county in almost every capacity. \nHe is the son of John and Christian Hickam, and was born in Wash- \nington county, Virginia. When about twelve years old he came to \nthe territory of Missouri, and to what was then called Howard county, \nthe Territory being then divided into four or five grand divisions, of \nwhich Howard county was one of the subdivisions. All of Boone \ncounty was then included in Howard. Judge Hickam landed at \nHead\'s Fort in the fall of 1816, and the spring following came to \nBoone county, and settled on the farm now owned by Birch Hunt, situ- \nated in the river bottom. He remained on this place until the spring of \n49 \n\n\n\n770 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n1819, when he moved to a phice four miles south of Columbia. This \nfarm, consisting of 320 acres, was bought from the government by \nJudge Hickam\'s father. The elder Hickam had five sons and four \ndaughters. Of this family, only four are now living. John Hickam \nwas one of the earliest settlers of Boone county, and was an indus- \ntrious enterprising citizen, a man possessed of many strong points of \ncharacter. He left his children about ten thousand acres of land. \nJudge Hickam\'s opportunities for securing an education were quite \nlimited, from the fact that he left Virginia at an early age, and there \nwere no schools in Missouri at the time he came to this State. He \nattended a subscription school for six months. Was afterwards for \ntwelve months a pupil of a school taught by Elijah Hart, an uncle of \nThomas H. Benton. He next attended Washington College at Jones- \nborough, Tennessee, for a few months. His public life commenced \nat the age of sixteen, when he was elected captain of a militia com- \npany. He cast his first vote for Andrew Jackson, and has always \nbeen a Democrat. Was commissioned a justice of the peace by Gov. \nMiller in 1827, and served in that capacity for many years. In 1832 \nhe was elected county court judge, and was presiding justice during \na portion of the term. Was engrossing clerk of the lower house of \nthe Missouri legislature from 1834 to 1839. From 1839 to 1858 he \nwas superintendent of bridge building in Boone county. He also \nheld the office of school commissioner until 1859, when he was ap- \npointed assessor by the county court. During the war he held no \nposition but that of justice of the peace. Judge Hickam was first \nmarried to Miss Turley, of Madison county, Kentucky. By this \nunion they had one daughter, Emeline, now the widow of Cornelius \nMaupiu. The first wife having died in 18(55, he was again married, \nJuly 4, 1867, to Malinda J., daughter of Maj. John and Temperance \n(Wright) Barclay, of Boone count3^ They have no children. Judge \nHickam is not a member of any church nor of any secret society. \nHis recollections of border life are of the most interesting and thrill- \nmcr nature. Since retirins: from the active duties of life he has lived \nquietly on his fine farm of 600 acres, one mile west of Columbia and \none-fourth mile south of the gravel road, which has been his home \nfor fifty-four years. He has been a prominent man all his life and \nis widely known and universally respected, as he deserves to be. \nNearly the whole of his busy life has been spent in the service of his \nfellow-men, and his labors will survive him. Such men cannot be \nforirotten. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 771 \n\n\n\nDAVID A. JACOBS \n\n\n\nWas born in Boone countjs Missouri, July 29, 1856, on tlie old home- \nstend settled by his father, Dr. G. R. Jacobs, whose biography is also \npublished in this volume. David was educated at the Virginia Mili- \ntary Institute and at the St. Louis University. He also attended \nschool at Lexington, Kentucky. He was married on the 14th- of March, \n1878, to Miss Belle Rollins, daughter of John C. Rollins (deceased), \nand niece of the Hon. J. S. Rollins, of Columbia. They have two \nchildren \xe2\x80\x94 Wayne R. and Louisa M. Jacobs ; has always been a farmer, \nand owns a large farm of 520 acres six miles east of Columbia, most \nof which is sown in blue-grass. At this writing Mr. Jacobs is giving \nhis attention to raising live stock, both sheep and cattle. He is a mem- \nl)er of the Catholic church, and Mrs. Jacobs belongs to the Episcopal \nchurch, of Columbia. \n\nDR. GEORGE RODNEY JACOBS, DECEASED. \n\nThe eminent gentleman \xe2\x80\x94 now numbered with the dead \xe2\x80\x94 whose \nname heads this sketch was a native of Nelson county, Virginia, and \nwas born February 20, 1802. He was educated at New Glasgow Acad- \nemy, Amherst county, Virginia, and studied medicine in the office of \nan eminent pl\\ysician of that State. After a two years\' course of read- \ning, he attended the medical college at Philadelphia for two years; \nhe received the degree of M. D. from the University of Pennsylvania, \nand returned to his old home to begin the practice. He quit the med- \nical practice in 1832 and emigrated to Missouri. Dr. Jacobs was mar- \nried in 1835, in Hampshire county, Virginia, to Miss Louisa Parsons. \nIn 1845 he moved to Louisiana and located twenty miles from New Or- \nleans, where he remained seven years. Returning then to Missouri, \nhe settled in Boone county, where he resided till the time of his death, \nwhich occurred February 24, 1877. \n\nR. T. JOHNSTON. \n\nRol)ert Thomas Johnston is the son of Robert and Ann Johnston, \nand was born in Howard county, Missouri, January 10, 1829. In \n1831 he came to Boone county, where he remained until he was fifteen \nyears old ; he returned to Howard county and clerked for two years in \nhis brother Joel\'s store, at Fayette. He then returned to his home in \nBoone county, where he was married, December, 1851, to Julia, daugh- \nter of Joseph and Elizabeth Johnston. Mr. Johnston has lived on his \n\n\n\n772 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\npresent farm, three miles south of Columbia, for thirty-one years. He \nis a member of the Bonne Femme Missionary Baptist church. Mrs. \nJohnston is also a member of the same church. \n\nFRANCIS MARION JOHNSON. \n\nFrancis M. Johnson is the son of Samuel and Margaret Johnson ; \nhe was born in Boone county, Missouri, June 8, 1834, on the old home- \nstead settled and owned by his father, one mile north of where the \nsubject of this sketch now lives. The old house is still standing on \nthe Hinkson. Mr. Johnson was raised and educated in Boone county ; \nhe was first married in May, 1858, his wife dying in the month of Jan- \nuary following. March 22, 1864, he was again married, this time to \nMiss Bettie, daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Stewart) Cox. By \nthis marriage they had eight children \xe2\x80\x94 two sons and six daughters : \nMaggie, born January 10, 1866 ; Mary E., born June 12, 1867 ; Wil- \nliam T., born May 29, 1869; Frank L., born November 13, 1872; \nMinnie D., born April 26, 1875 ; Mattie E., born April 8, 1877 ; Ame- \nlia B., born February 5, 1879, and Bertha G., born January 17, 1882. \nMr. Johnson spent one year in California, returning to Boone county \nin 1850 ; farmed for two years, then erected a saw-mill, devoting four \nyears to this business ; then, in partnership with a man named Parker, \nbought a herd of 1,400 sheep, which they took to Texas, Eeturning, \nhe formed a partnership with Mr. Hickman for building and operating \na steam grist mill near Stephens station ; was connected with this \nbusiness for five years. In 1870 he traded his interest in the mill and \na farm near Stephens station to Kobert Smith for the farm which he \n(Mr. Johnson) now occupies, consisting of 370 acres, three miles \nnortheast of Columbia, on the Mexico and Columbia road. There is \na fine coal mine on this place, the vein being three and one-half feet \nin thickness, and of excellent quality. The farm is mostly in grass, \nand is well adapted to stock raising. Mr. Johnson is a inember of \nthe Christian church at Antioch. Mr. Johnson\'s father came to Boone \ncounty in 1824 ; he was a native of Scott county, Kentucky ; he died \nin 1868, and is buried at the old Hinkson Baptist church. Mrs. \nJohnson died in 1835 \xe2\x80\x94 about one year after the birth of Francis M. \xe2\x80\x94 \nand was buried at the same place. \n\nALFRED KEENE. \n\nAlfred Keene is the son of John G. and Fannie (Snell) Keene, who \nemigrated from Kentucky to Missouri in the fall of 1826. John Keene \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 773 \n\nwas a native of Maryland, and was born and raised near Wasliington \nCity. He once owned part of the land now incorporated within the \ncity limits of the national capital. He was a bricklayer by trade, and \nworked at the business many years before coming to Missouri. After \nemigrating to Boone county he continued to work at the trade for \nseveral years. He built the Presbyterian church in CoJumVjia. He \ndied at the age of seventy-six years, and is buried on the grounds of \nthe old Hinkson church, now owned by F. M. Johnson. The sub- \nject of this sketch was born January 21, 1817, at Georgetown, Ken- \ntucky ; he came to Boone county with his parents in the fall of 182(3 ; \nhe never went to school a day in his life. Having learned the trade \nof bricklaying from his father, and being a good workman, he found \nno difficulty in procuring employment ; he was engaged to work on \nthe State University, and helped to lay the front wall of that build- \ning ; he also built the first brick house ever erected in the town of \nRocheport. He assisted in building the Fulton Asylum ; he also built \nthe president\'s mansion at Columbia, and superintended the work on \nthe new public school building. He has been a bricklayer for fifty \nyears. In 1837 Mr. Keene enlisted in the Florida war under Capt. \nEllis, serving one j^ear. He was married February 8, 1844, to Miss \nElizabeth, daughter of Samuel and Jane (Johnson) Hannah. By this \nmarriage they have h\'ad four sons and two daughters. Their names^ \nare : James H., born March 3, 1845 ; George W., born September 2, \n1846 ; Amanda, born September 26, 1848, died March 6, 1849 ; Eliz- \nabeth, born February 1, 1850, died February 6, 1850; Robert, born \nMay 13, 1853, died February 23, 1860 ; Thomas, born July 24, 1856. \nSince 1850 Mr. Keene has followed farming: in addition to workino- at \nhis trade. He owns a small farm of sixty-one acres, five miles north \nof Columbia, on the Paris road. \n\nD. W. B. KURTZ. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a gentleman of fine culture, being a \nthorough graduate of the Missouri State University. He is a native \nof Howard county, Missouri, the son of Jacob and Permelia Kurtz. \nWas born February 17th, 1837. Mr Kurtz\'s life-struggle stamps \nhim a man of superior worth. With few natural advantages, and little \nor no assistance, he marked out for himself, while yet a mere boy, a \ncourse of life which comprehended a thorough classical education, and \nin his case, to will, was to accomplish all that he aspired to. Master- \ning all the studies taught in the district schools, he came to Columbia \n\n\n\n774 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand entered the University in 1859. At the close of the session of \n1860, Mr. Kurtz returned to Howard county and taught school for \none year. He next went to Dover, Lafayette county, Missouri, \nvrhere he taught for oue session . He returned to the State University \nand resnmed his studies during the session ot 1862. The war had by \nthis time almost broken up the schools of the county and Mr. Kurtz, \nfinding nothing to do in his line, left the country, going first to Chicago \nand thence to Canada. While in Canada, he went to school and \ntaught in the public schools of that province. At the close of the war \nhe returned to Missouri and resumed his studies at the University, \nwhere he graduated in 1866, after which he was tutor of Latin for one \nyear. In 1872 he was made first assistant in the normal department \nof the University. At the close of this session, he went to Montgom- \nery City, Missouri, where he took charge of the college. When he \nentered upon his duties there were but thirty-six students in attend- \nance. At the end of six years, when Mr. Kurtz retired from the in- \nstitution, there were 350. In 1878, Mr. Kurtz came to Columbia and \nengaged in the grocery business. Having been chosen principal of the \nRocheport academy, he sold out his business in Columbia and took \ncharge of that school. He remained in Rocheport until March 1st, \n1881, when he bought the farm known as " Greenwood," two miles \nnortheast of Columbia, where he now resides. Professor Kurtz was \nmarried December 23d, 186\'8, to Sarah L., daughter of Col. F. T. \nand Myra C. Russell, of Columbia, Missouri. By this union they \nhave six children, four sons and two daughters. Their names are \nRussell L., Cannie May, D. W. B., Jr., Francis A., Lula May and T. \nNewton. Prof. Kurtz is a member of the Masonic order, also a mem- \nber of the Baptist church. \n\nGEORGE THOMAS LANGSTON \n\nIs the oldest of four children of the late Jacob and Cornelia (North- \ncutt) Langston, and was born March 1st, 1830, in Bourbon county, \nKy. His father moved to Boone county Mo., in 1835 or 1836, and \nsettled on a farm about seven miles northeast of Columbia on the old \nColumbia and St. Charles road, on Little Cedar creek. George was \neducated at the country schools in the neighborhood and has always \nlived upon the old place. In 1861, when the country was arming for \nthe great civil war, he espoused the cause of the South and went out \nwith the old State Guards from Boonville, in Shanks\' regiment, \nCompany K. Was in the battles of Lone Jack and Independence. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 775 \n\nBeing sent by Col. Thompson to g-ather up recruits that were in hiding \nin the brush in the vicinity of his father\'s farm, he was captured by \nCol. Frank Russell and Captain Williams and taken to St. Louis and \nconfined in prison for ten months, when he was tried as a spy and sen- \ntenced to be shot. Was under sentence of death for three months. \nHe was granted a new trial and was tried by a military commissfon \nand sentenced to the military prison at Alton, 111., at hard labor. \nWas released in the fall of 1864, after being in prison over a year. \nHe then came back to the farm and has lived at his present home ever \nsince. His is a good farm, containing 280 acres of good land, well \ntimbered and watered, the Little Cedar running through the place. \nHis father died February 20th, 1851, and his mother December 17th, \n1878, at the age of 69. They are buried at Cedar Creek church, \nCallaway county. Mo. Only himself and brother, James F., are living \nof the children. Joseph W. was wounded at the battle of Pea Ridge, \nin 1862, and died from the eflects of the wound. Nancy H., his only \nsister, died some time since. Our subject, George T., is a Mason, in \ngood standing in the lodge, and is regarded by all as an upright, \nhonest citizen. He deals almost exclusively in stock, only having \nthirty acres in cultivation for grain, all the rest in grass. \n\nSLATER ENSOR LENOIR. \n\nMr. Lenoir is a son of Walter R. and Sarah E. (Bouchelle) Lenoir, \nand was born in Wilkes county. North Carolina, October 27th, 1833. \nHe was brought by his parents to this county (Boone) when scarcely \na year old, and here grew to manhood and was educated. He finished \nhis educational career at the State University of Columbia, and soon \nthereafter, in 1850, made an overland trip "across the plains" to \nCalifornia. He went with a train of ox-teams under charo-e of his \nbrother-in-law. Col. F. D. Russell. He remained in California till \nJanuary following, and then returned by water, via the Isthmus of \nPanama, arriving in Boone county, March 15th, 1851. Thirteen years \nlater, April 21st, 1864, Mr. Lenoir was married to Margaret A., \ndaughter of Austin and Lavinia Bradford, of Culpepper county, Vir- \nginia. He has always been engaged in farming, and, up until 1877, \ncontinued to live on the old homestead settled by his father, three miles \nnortheast of Columbia. At this writiug- he owns and resides on a fine \nfarm of 427 acres, three miles southeast of Columbia, on the gravel \nroad to Ashland. This place is finely improved, with residence, barn \nand other buildings to correspond. Mr. Lenoir is of a fine old family \n\n\n\n776 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof Southern people, a worthy citizen and a member of the Christian \nchurch at Columbia. \n\nROBERT LEMON, .JR. \n\nRobert Lemon, the subject of this sketch, is the son of Robert \nLemon, Sr., a native of Virginia. The maiden name of his mother \nwas Mary McCown. The elder Lemon was born October 6, 1752, and \ndied July 12, 1848, at the advanced age of ninety-six. His father was \na native of Ireland. Robert Lemon, Sr., emigrated to Lexington, \nKentucky, in 1792. He was the youngest of nine children, eight sons \nand one daughter. He served in the revolutionary army, as did four \nof his brothers. Was under Washington and Lafayette at the surren- \nder of Lord Cornwallis. He came to Boone county in the fall of 1824, \nbringing with him his wife and a numerous family of children, and \nsettled on \'Coon creek, three and one-half miles northwest of Co- \nlumbia, where he built a log cabin and commenced farming. He lived \non this place till his death, which occurred as before stated. Mr. \nLemon was a tailor, and followed the business previous to coming to \nMissouri. Mrs. Mary (McCowu) Lemon died February 16, 1837, \naged sixty-six years. Both the father and mother of Robert, Jr., are \nburied at the family burying ground on the old homestead, northwest \nof Columbia, The subject of this sketch was born in Scott county, \nKentucky, June 15, 1811. Was educated principally in Kentucky, \nunder the care of Beverly A. Hicks, one of the most noted teachers \nof Scott county. He completed his education in the common schools \nof this county. His father settled the old homestead on Coon creek, \nthree and one-half miles northwest of Columbia, in the fall of 1824. \nJanuary 22, 1838, Robert Lemon, Jr., was married to Miss Amanda, \ndaughter of Samuel and Mary (Baker) Marsh. By this union they \nhad ten children, five sons and five daughtei-s, six of whom are now \nliving. Mrs. Lemon died January 2, 1857. October 12, 1858, he \nwas again married to Mrs. Harriet Price, daughter of John and Ann \nRiley. Mrs. Price was born in Philadelphia, May, 1810. There are \nno children by this marriage. From 1840 up to the beginning of the \nlate civil war, Mr. Lemon was quite an extensive mule trader. He \nfurnished the government with a great many mules during the war \nwith Mexico. Has always been a farmer. Lived for many years on \nthe old farm settled by his father, northwest of Columbia. In 1850 \nmoved to the farm he now occupies, one mile west of Columbia, on \nthe Rocheport and Columbia gravel road. He has a good farm of \n400 acres, well watered and timbered. Mr. and Mrs. Lemon are mem- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 777 \n\nbers of the Christian church, at Cokimbia. Mr. Lemon had one son, \nRobert L., killed in the late war. He was a Confederate soldier, and \nfell at the battle of Grand Gulf in 1863. Another son. Dr. W. T., is \npracticing his profession at Ashland, Missouri. His fourth son, Will- \niam C, is living at home with his parents. Mr. Lemon has in his pos- \nsession an interesting relic, their old family Bible, published one \nhundred years ago. \n\nELI MAES. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Samuel and Mary (Baker) \nMars. He was born in Franklin county, Kentucky, September 22, \n1804, and came with his parents to this county in 1820. They settled \nthree miles north of Columbia, on what is now known as the James \nShock farm. Five acres of cleared land and a small log cabin consti- \ntuted all the improvement then found on the place. Mr. Mars greatly \nimproved the farm, and remained on it until his death, which occurred \nMay 10, 1850. Eli was educated partly in Kentucky, finishing his \neducation in Boone county. He was married January 30, 1845, to \nMiss Emily Penington, daughter of James and Elizabeth (Hayes) \nCowan. By this union they had four children, two sons and two \ndaughters, two of whom are now living, Parton W. S., who is now \nfarming on the Two-mile prairie, and Samuel C , who is living in Ari- \nzona Territory. The first wife having died February 20, 1857, Mr. \nMars was again married May 26, 1860, to Miss Louisa, daughter of \nJohn M. and Mary (Witt) Salmon. By this union there were two \nchildren, a son and a daughter, both of whom are dead. Mr. Mars \nwas the sixth of a family of twelve children, six of each sex, of whom \nhe alone is living. Should he live to celebrate his next birthday, he, \nwill be seventy-eight years old. Mr. Mars has followed farming all \nhis life. The farm upon which he is now living is situated one mile \nwest of Columbia, on the Rocheport road. He was one of the original \nmembers of the Old Bear Creek church. Mrs. Mars is a member of \nthe Columbia Baptist church. His first wife was a member of Bear \nCreek congregation. In an early day Mr. Mars and his father used to \ncarry freight in wagons between Columbia and St. Louis. He remem- \nbers many incidents connected with the dim past, which, but for the \nvigorous memories of such old citizens as Mr. Mars, had long since \n\n\n\nbeen forgotten. \n\n\n\nCOL. E. C. MORE. \n\n\n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Elijah and Caroline (Owens) \nMore, and was born at Little Rock, Arkansas, December 27, 1837. \n\n\n\n778 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHis father was born in Danville, Kentucky, and died in 1878 at Colum- \nbia, Missouri. His mother was born in Arkansas, and died at Little \nRock in 1839. They were blessed with two sons. Dr. Livingfield, the \nelder, died in 1859, and Col. E. C. More alone survives. He was \neducated mostly in America, but spent several years upon the conti- \nnent ot Europe at schools and universities. He first went to school \nat Little Rock, Arkansas, then at St. Louis, and next at ShurtlelF \nCollege, Illinois. At the age of fifteen he went to Europe, and went \nto school at Paris, France, then at Hanover, Germany, and at Cadiz, \nSpain. In 1856 he returned to America, and entered the junior class \nat Yale Colleo-e and graduated in 1858. He studied law at home for \na short time, then entered the law school at Lebanon, Tennessee, and \ngraduated from that institution in 1861. He next went to St. Louis \nand entered the law office of Lackland, Cline & Jamison. In the \nspring of 1865 he went to Helena, Montana, and entered regularly \ninto the practice of the law, in partnership with Col. Aleck M. Wool- \nfolk. In 1866 he took quite an extensive trip through Oregon and \nCalifornia, and after traveling some time in Central America, returned \nto Missouri, and settled down permanently at Columbia, Boone county. \nHe practiced law three or four years at the Columbia bar but finally \nabandoned it entirely for farming, which occupation he has followed \nup to the present. His is a very large farm adjoining the city limits \nHe has a beautiful place, decorated in and with everything that culti- \nvation, refinement and wealth could suo^o-est. His farm is stocked \nwith thoroughbred cattle and sheep as well as the best graded horses, \nhogs, etc. He has been president of the State Board of Agriculture \nand for several years of the Boone County Fair Association. His resi- \ndence is one and one-half miles north of Columbia. He has been \ntwice married, the last time to Elizabeth, daughter of Judge Logan \nHunton of St. Louis county. The Colonel takes an active part in \npolitics, being unanimously chosen as Boone\'s choice for congress in \n1882. He enjoys the confidence of those who know him, and is a \npolished, thorough gentleman, dispensing hospitality at his elegant \nhome in the true Southern manner. His residence has all the appoint- \nments that true elegance and cultivated tastes can suggest, and \nhe, his wife and his home are always pleasantly remembered b}^ those \nthat enjoy their acquaintance. , \n\nLEVI m\'gUIRE (deceased). \n\nLevi McGuire, one of Boone\'s earliest pioneers, was born in Henry \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 779 \n\ncounty, Kentucky, August 1, 1801, and emigrated to Boone county, \nMissouri in 1818, and settled upon the land noAV owned by Mrs. Stew- \nart. He was educated in his native county in Kentucky, and in his \nyoung and vigorous manhood, he learned the carpenter\'s trade, but \nnever followed the calling after coming to Missouri, as he chose farm- \ning as his occupation in his new home in the then far West. In 1820 \nhe married Miss Susan Martinie, daughter of Jonathan and Durrett \nMartinie. By this union they had eight children, seven boys and one \ngirl. Dr. J. E., Jonathan M., a Baptist minister living in Boone \ncounty; Robert L., a lawyer and ex-mayor of Springfield, Illinois ; \nWilliam D., a lawyer and ex-representative of Grundy county, Mis- \nsouri ; Benjamin F., Hving upon the old homestead with his mother. \n\nDr. Julius E. McGuire, of this township, and McGuire, of , \n\nand Ann E., deceased. Mr. McGuire died in August, 1873, in his \n73d year, and is buried in the old family burial ground at the home \nplace. His wife is still living, in her 77th year, at this date, 1882. \n\nJULIUS EARNEST m\'GUJRE, M. D. \n\nDr. McGuire is a son of Levi and Susan (Martinie) McGuire and \nwas born March 22, 1826, in Boone county, Missouri, on the farm \nnow owned by Mrs. Sarah Stewart, eight miles east of Columbia, and \na mile and a half south of St. Charles road. He lived upon the place \nuntil he was about ten years of age when his father bought the place \nwhere he is now living and removed his family thereto. He was edu- \ncated principally in Boone county, beginning at the age of six at Rob- \nerts\' school house on the gravel road. His teacher there was a man \nnamed Beatt3^ Afterwards he went to school at Boonsboro, then on \nthe eastern border of the county. He resided at home with his parents \nuntil 1851, when he went to Columbia and studied medicine with Drs. \nLee and Spotswood. After reading with them two years, he went to \nCincinnati, Ohio, and took two courses of lectures. In 1869-70 he \nattended Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia. In 1861 he took \nsides with the South in her struggle against the North, and joined \nPrice\'s army. He was at the battles of Dry Wood and Lexington. \nAfter the fight at Lexington he came back to Boone to recruit and was \nin all the little engagements in Boone county. In 1864 he went to \nKentucky and joined Morgan\'s command and stayed there until peace \nwas declared and the flao; he loved was forever furled. He besfan the \npractice of his profession at his old home and has lived there to the \npresent time. He has a fine practice in a good neigfhborhood and is \n\n\n\n780 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nesteemed by all as a thorough gentleman. He is a Mason and his \nwife is a member of the Missionary Baptist church, \n\nT. c. m\'intire. \n\nThomas C. Mclntire is the son of Thomas and Elsie Mclntire, of \nFleming county, Kentucky, where he was born October, 1822. He \ncame to Callaway county, Missouri, in the fall of 1836, and from \nCallaway to Boone iu 1849. He was educated in the latter county. \nIn the spring of 1850 he was married to Margaret Simmons, whose \nparents were of Fleming county, Kentucky. By this union they had \nfour children, three girls and one boy. Their names are Eliza C, \nMargaret A., Mary L., and William. Mrs. Mclntire died in the \nspring of 1867, and in 1869 he was again married. His second wife \nwas Mary, daughter of William and Lucy Atkinson. By this union \nthey had one son, Albert Gr. Mr. and Mrs. Mclntire are members of \nthe Columbia Presbyterian church. Previous to his marriage Mr. \nMclntire taught school in Callaway county, Missouri, and clerked in a \nstore at Mexico for a number of years. He has followed farming and \nis also largely interested in the nursery business. Since 1867 he has \nraised on an average about 20,000 apple trees a year. He has sixty- \nfive acres in orchard and ships a great deal of fruit every year. His \nfarm and nursery of 170 acres is situated on the St. Charles road, two \nand a half miles east of Columbia. He has a fine vineyard of 600 \nvines, besides other fruits in the greatest abundance. There is one \napple tree on the farm that was planted forty-five years ago. It is \nstill thrifty and bears abundant fruit. \n\n^ HARVEY AV. PEMBERTON. \n\nMr. Pemberton is the son of John and Lucy (Vivion) Pemberton, \nand was born April 22, 1807, in Clark county, Kentucky. When ho \nwas nine years of age his parents moved to Woodford county, Ken- \ntucky. At the age of seventeen he learned the cabinet-maker\'s trade \nin Fayette county, same State. In 1826 he came to Boone county, \nMissouri, and staid one year and then went to Fayette, Howard \ncounty, and worked at his trade in the shop of Samuel C. Major. In \n1829 he returned to Kentucky and induced his father to come out to \nthe new and growing West. He then settled in Columbia and worked \nat his trade for two years. He then moved six miles northeast of \nColumbia, and farmed on a small scale, carrying on his trade at the \nsame time. He lived there about four A\'^ears, and then went to Millers- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 781 \n\nburg, (Jallaway county, Missouri, where he worked exclusively at his \ntrade. In 1838 he bought the farm upon which he is now living, \neight and one-half miles east of Columbia, on the Richland road. He \nhas a fine farm of 240 acres, in a high state of cultivation. He mar- \nried Miss Nancy, daughter of James and Mildred (Cave) Kirtle}^ on \nthe 3d of May, 1832. By this marriage they have nine children, \nthree boys and six girls : Frances, wife of Hiram Phili^js, of Boone \ncounty; Anne E., the wife of Wm. Truett, of Callaway county, Mis- \nsouri; Eveline (deceased); John, a physician, of New Bloomfield, \nCallaway county, Missouri ; Flora, wife of Frank Wilcox, of Colum- \nbia ; Rella P., widow of Thomas Lynes, of Boone county; Maggie, \nwife of Winfield Potts, and two children, a boy and a girl, who died \nin infancy. His first wife died February 6th, 1855. He mar- \nried again on the .8th of September, 1870, Mrs. Louisa Shields, the \nwidow of John Shields. Mr. Pemberton is one of Boone\'s staunch, \nreliable citizens, and has, by industry and good management, acquired \na fair competency, and is revered and respected by all. His parents \nwere from Virginia. His father died in 1838 and his mother in 1845. \nThey were buried in a family burying ground on the Stark ftirm, in \nBoone county. They were the parents of eleven children, five boys \nand six girls. \n\nJOSEPH B. PHILIPS. \n\nMr. Philips is the son of Warner and Catherine (Hutchings) \nPhilips, and was born April 30th, 1826, in Boone county, Missouri, \nnear Stephens\' station. His father was born in Virginia, November \n24th, 1794, and died in Boone county, Missouri, March 24th, 1881. \nHis mother was born November 5th, 1807, and died August 29th, \n1876. They are buried in the family burial ground upon the old \nhomestead. They were blest with eight children, six boys and two \ngirls, only two of whom are now living, Mrs. Ann E. Roberts, of \nCentralia, and Joseph B., our subject. They settled about eleven \nmiles northeast of Columbia, on the Columbia and Concord road, \nwhere Joseph was born. Joseph lived at home with his parents until \nthe spring of 1850. He concluded to join the army of California \ngold-hunters, and accordingly went to the famous gold fields of that \nrenowned territory. At the end of his fourth year spent in mining \nin California, he returned to old Boone, and remained with his parents \nuntil he married, January 4th, 1857, Miss Virginia, daughter of \nWalker and Lucinda Walden, of Virginia. By this union they have \nbut one child, Lou Ann, born February 27th, 1859. In the fall \n\n\n\n782 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof 1859 Mr. Philips moved h\\s family to Texas, but only stayed a year, \nwhen he once more turned his face toward Missouri. He purchased \nhis father\'s old homestead, and has lived upon it until the present. \nMr. Philips is one of Boone\'s earliest-born children, and has lived to \nsee some wonderful changes in the affairs of his native county. His \nfarm contains 240 acres of good land, well improved. He is a Mason, \nand his wife and daughter are members of the Christian church. \n\nJAMES WILLIAM PHILLIPS. \n\nAugustine Phillips, the father of James W., was born in Boone \ncounty, May 1st, 1823. He was the son of Hiram and Elizabeth \nPhillips, both natives of Kentucky, but among the earliest settlers of \nthis county. Augustine Phillips died February 21st, 1876, and is \nburied at the old Phillips burying ground, in Columbia township. \nHis widow, Maiy Ann (McQuitty) Phillips, is still living on the home \nfarm with her oldest son, James W. She was born July 31st, 1825, \nShe is the daughter of George W. and Elizabeth McQuitty, and was \nborn in Boone county. Her father died about nine years ago, and is \nburied at Walnut Grove church, near Rocheport. Mrs. McQuitty is \nstill living on her farm, six miles north of Rocheport, at the age of \nseventy-four, being still in excellent health and able to dispense with \nher o;lasses in reading or in executing the most difficult needlework. \nJames W. Phillips, the subject of this sketch, is the oldest one living \nof a family of four children. Elizabeth F. was born January 10th, \n1846, and died July loth, 1864. She is buried in the old Phillips \nburying ground. James William was born April 2d, 1849. He has \nlived all his life on .the farm where he was born, except two years \nspent in Henry county, Missouri. Both his brothers are residents of \nBoone county. John H. was born January 1st, 1855. He married \nLaura C. Grey. They have two children, Nanny Maud and Minnie \nMay. Jasper A., the youngest of the brothers, was born February \n20th, 1857. He was married March 5th, 1876, to Ellen Singleton. \nThey have three children : Virgil, Augustine, Albert Hiram and \nRuth. James W. Phillips was married February 26th, 1870, to \nMiss Jennie Hart. But one child was born of this marriage, Maiy \nC, who died in infancy. Mrs. Phillips lived but three j^ears after \ntheir marriage. Mr. Phillips was married April 13th, 1876, to Miss \nRebecca Edwards, of Montrose, Henry county, Missouri. They \nhave three children : George Augustine, William Edwards and Lillie \nBell. Mr. Phillips is an active, enterprising farmer and an excel- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 783 \n\nlent citizen. He is a member of the Grange and Masonic orders. \nBoth himself and wife are members of the Christian church. \n\nPHILIP PRATHEK. \n\nPhilip Prather, son of Thomas and Marj- (Cowan) Prather, was \nborn May 3d, 1834, in Boone county, Missouri. He was raised \non his father\'s farm, now occupied by his brother, James Prather, \nand was educated at the "Old Bear Creek school house," under \nthe instructions of Judge J. A. Boulton. He was married, December \n25th, 1856, to Miss Georgie A., daughter of Maj, James B. and Cyn- \nthia (Riley) Nichols. The father-in-law of Mr. Prather was no ordi- \nnary man, and deserves more than a passing notice. He was the son \nof George and Rebecca (Davis) Nichols, and was born in Montgom- \nery county, Kentucky, September 10th, 1796. Came to Boone \ncounty, Missouri, in the fall of 1824, settling on the W. C. Robnett \nfarm, on the Two-mile prairie. In 1826 he removed to Columbia. \nIn 1836 he bought the farm where W. H. Robnett lived, finally \nmoving to the William Orear place, five miles north of Columbia, \nwhere he remained until the death of his wife in 1867. He was mar- \nried, in 1818, to Miss Cynthia, daughter of John Riley, of Clark \ncounty, Kentucky. They had ten children, of whom eight are now \nliving. John died in California. Mary Osborne, wife of George \nOsborne, deceased, \xe2\x80\x94 who died in the Sandwich Islands, \xe2\x80\x94 came back \nto Missouri and married Dr. John T. Bailey, of Fayette. She is also \ndead. The living are J. A. Nichols, of Audrain county ; Huldah, wife \nof R. V. Bailey, deceased, Susan Reed, wife of Frederic Reed, of \nColumbia, Elizabeth Orear, wife of Joseph B. Orear, of Audrain \ncounty ; Caroline, wife of Henr}\'^ Brown, deceased, of Boone county ; \nFannie, wife of John Crump, of Faj^ette ; Georgie Ann, wife of \nPhilip Prather, of Boone county ; Sarah R., wife of Francis M. Grant, \nof Columbia. Mr. Nichols was a Master Mason. The subject of this \nsketch has had four children, one son and three daughters. Lula, born \nFebruary 21st, 1858, now the wife of B. J. Brown ; Fannie F., born \nJune 13th, 1862 ; Katie B., born October 3d, 1864, died August 14th, \n1866 ; Frank Grant, January 24th, 1868. Mr. Prather has always \nfollowed farming, and now owns 160 acres of excellent land, situated \non the Columbia and Blackfoot rock road. He moved to this place \nin 1857. The farm is well timbered and watered, and by the energy \nand industry of Mr. Prather it has been well improved and made as \n\n\n\n784 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nproductive as iDossible. There is an excellent coal mine on the land, \nthe vein of which averages nearly three feet in thickness. Mr. Pra- \nther has taken out about three thousand bushels of coal annually \nsince the mine was opened. Mr. and Mrs. Prather, and their daugh- \nter, Miss Fannie F., are members of the Christian church at Oakland \n\nSAMUEL HAYS PRATHER. \n\nSamuel Hays Prather is the son of Thomas and Mary Elizabeth \n(Cowan) Prather. He was born in Pulaski county, Kentucky, \nMarch 15th, 1824, and came to Callaway county, Missouri, with his \nparents in 1832. The year following, they moved to Boone county \nand settled on the farm now owned by William J. Brown, four and \none-half miles north of Columbia. They lived on this place one year, \nwhen they purchased a farm four miles north of Columbia, on the \ngravel road, which is now owned and occupied by James C. Prather. \nThe subject of this sketch was educated at the public schools, princi- \npally at the Bear Creek school house, under the instructions of Jesse \nA. Boulton. Mr. Prather was married, April 15th, 1844, to Miss \nMary J., daughter of William and Elizabeth (Johnson) Ritchey, \nnatives of Scott county, Kentucky. By this union they have had \nseven children, four sons and three daughters : William T., born May \n20th, 1845, died March 25th, 1857: Mary E., born October 80th, \n1848, died March 31st, 1879; Catherine R., born May 26th, 1851; \nJames S., born June 27th, 1854, died in infancy; Margaret S., born \nAugust 16th, 1856; Edward, born December 3d, 1859; Charles C, \nborn February 27th, 1863. Mr. Prather bought the farm where he \nnow lives in the spring of 1847. When he took possession, there \nwere but fifteen acres of cleared land and no other improvements. \nHe first built a log cabin, in which he lived while preparing the land \nfor cultivation. The farm consists of 207 acres of excellent laud, \nnow finely improved. The natural advantages of the place can hardly \nbe surpassed. There are a number of excellent springs on the land \nand plenty of excellent timber. Mr. Prather, his wife and all their \nchildren are members of the Christian church. During the war he \nwas drafted to serve in the State militia, but hired a substitute. Mr. \nPrather\' s father was one of the pioneer settlers of the county. He \nwas the ftither of eight children, six sons and two daughters, all of \nwhom are living except one son, John, who died about thirty years \nago. Thomas Prather died April 26th, 1840, and is buried on the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 785 \n\nfarm now owned by John M. Keen. Mrs. Prather died April 12tb, \n1861, and is buried by the side of her husband. Mr. and Mrs. \nPrather were both members of the Christian church. \n\nMALCOLM G. QUINN. \n\nMalcolm Gr. Quinn, assessor of Boone county, was born on Foster\'s \nprairie, Kandolph county, Missouri, November 23d, 1844. He is the \nson of Thomas and Zarelda (Tomlinson) Quinn. He attended the \ncommon schools of Howard and Randolph, completing his studies at \nMt. Pleasant College, Hunts ville, Missouri, from which institution he \ngraduated. In 1860 he assisted as one of the corps of engineers on \nthe North Missouri railroad. In the spring of 1861 he enlisted as a \nprivate in the Confederate army. Thos. G. Lowry, of Randolph \ncounty, was his captain. In the regular organization Mr. Quinn was \nmade a sergeant of Company K, 3d Missouri Infantry, 1st Missouri \nBrigade. He served through the whole of the war. At the battle of \nPort Gibson, Mississippi, he was shot through the right leg, and was \nafterwards wounded in the left leg. He participated in the follow- \ning battles : Elkhorn, Corinth, Vicksburg, Nashville, Franklin and \nMobile, surrendering at the last-named place in 1865, his commander \nbeing Col. Elijah P. Gates. After the war Mr. Quinn returned to \nHoward Count}^ Missouri, and went into business at Fray\'s mill with \nJames Robinson, keeping a store of general merchandise, under the \nfirm name of Quinn & Robinson. He remained in this business about \nsix months, then sold his interest and accepted a jjosition under Maj. \nGeorge C. Pratt in locating the Columbia and Jefferson City rock \nroad, acting as leveler and division engineer. In 1869 he took charge \nof the various gravel roads in Boone county. He was afterwards ap- \npointed county surveyor, serving in that capacity for two years. He \nwas then elected for four years. Afterwards served as deputy collec- \ntor under J.C. Gillaspy. In 1878 he was elected assessor, and has \nheld the office ever since. Mr. Quinn is a member of the K. of P., \nand a director of the Boone County Fair. He was first married No- \nvember 23d, 1872, to Miss Caroline, daughter of Abram and Nancy \n(O\'Neal) Turner. They had one son and one daughter. The first \nwife having died July 4th, 1876, he was again married May 3d, 1879, \nto Miss Katie Turner, sister of his deceased wife. Mr. Quinn owns \na nice farm of 220 acres, five miles east of Columbia, on the western \nborder of the Two-mile prairie. Seventy acres of his land is in \n50 \n\n\n\n786 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntimber. He is quite pleasantly situated. In public and private life \nMr. Quinn is highly esteemed by the people of his adopted county. \n\nJOHN REED. \n\nJohn Reed is the son of John and Jane (McMurray) Reed, and was \nborn in Washington county, Kentucky, September 4th, 1805- In 1825 \nhe came with his parents to Boone county, Missouri, and settled \ntwelve miles northeast of Columbia on the old St. Charles road. \nHe received his education in the country schools of Kentucky and \nBoone county, Missouri. In April, 1837 he freighted goods from \nColumbia to Santa Fe, New Mexico, when crossing the great plains was \nboth a tiresome and dangerous trip. He returned in October, having \nbeen gone just seven months, a remarkably quick trip in those \ndavs. He dealt largely in mules for the next few years, and in \n1839 made a trip South with quite a drove of those most excellent \nand often most treacherous work animals, returning in March, 1840. \n\nHe is a member of the Methodist church, and is the only mem- \nber now living of that congregation when he joined. On the 15th \nof September, 1831, he married Miss Prudence, daughter of Thomas \nWaller of Union county, Kentucky. He and his faithful bride started \nimmediately for their Missouri home, upon horseback, which they \nreached in safety. Men and women had stout hearts in those days, \nand dared all dangers and obstacles for those they loved and for \nhonest success. Their union was blessed with thirteen children, \nfour boys and nine girls. Thomas W., a dentist of Macon City, \nMo. ; Mary J., married to Robert Bratton, of Callaway county. Mo. ; \nJohn W., a dentist at Mexico, Mo. ; Wm. F., a merchant of Mexico, \nand a landowner of Audrain county, Missouri; Lucy A., died in \n18fi2 ; Laura, married to Dr. Thomas Robinson, of Audrain county ; \nLizzie J., married to Madison McMurray, a lawyer of Quincy, Ills. ; \nMartha, married to John Cravens, of Boone county; James A., \ndrummer for a Chicago house ; Margaret, married to a Mr. Davis, \nof Mexico, Mo. ; Ella P., married to Robert Chappell, of Audrain \ncounty, Mo. Mr. Reed\'s father died in 1849, and his mother in 1835. \nThey are buried near the head of Cedar Creek, in a family burial ground. \nThey had nine children, and our subject, John Reed, is the youngest \nand only one living. He is seventy-seven years of age, and retains \nhis faculties splendidly. His memory, as to dates of important events, \nis perfectly reliable and trustworthy. He has lived continuously since \n1825 within a mile and a half of his present home. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 787 \n\n\n\nP. H. ROBNETT. \n\n\n\nThe subject of this biography is one of the most prominent agricul- \nturalists in Boone county. He has, perhaps, not so much capital in- \nvested as some who are similarly engaged, but few, if any, get larger \nreturns for the amount of capital and labor involved. His home \nplace, situated eight miles east of the Columbia and Cedar creek \nigravel road, contains 900 acres of finely improved land. He is pre- \npared for wintering from two to three hundred head of cattle. His \nbarn is probably the best building of the kind in the county. It con- \ntains one hundred stalls, arranged either for horses or cattle. Besides \nthis farm, Mr. Robnett owns in other parts of the county 700 acres of \nland, making in all 1,600 acres. He also has a i fine sheep ranche near \nPueblo, Colorado. He is largely interested in thoroughbred stock, \nespecially short horn cattle and Cots wold sheep. P. H. Robnett is \nthe son of David and Margaret Hunt Robnett, of Kentucky, and was \nborn in Bourbon county, September 10th, 1824. He was brought to \nMissouri in 1825. Attended school at Little Cedar creek school \nhouse, finishing his studies at the Bonne Femme Academy. He was \nmarried January 24th, 1865, to Sallie, daughter of Jacob and Win- \nifred Sims. They have five children, all girls. Mr. Robnett is a \nmember of the Masonic order at Millersburg. He was director and \npaymaster of the Columbia and Cedar Creek rock road com- \npany while the turnpike was in course of building, and is at this \nwriting president of the road. \n\nALEXANDER C. ROBINSON. \n\nAlexander C. Robinson, is a son of John M. and Lucian (Butler) \nRobinson, and was born January 8th, 1821, in Bourbon countv, Ken- \ntucky. His father was born in South Carolina, February 14th, 1800, \nand came with his parents to Kentucky when quite young. He came \nto Howard county, Missouri, in the fall of 1821, and lived for a short \ntime near Old Franklin, and afterwards removed to Boone county. \nHe died October 12th, 1862, and is buried at Ashland church in How- \nard county, Missouri. Mrs. Robinson, the wife of John M., was born \nJanuary 10, 1802, in Davidson county, Tennessee ; she also went to \nKentucky when a child. They had ten children, five boys and five \ngirls ; Alexander C, our subject, being the second. In 1841, Alexan- \nder went to school at the Robnett school house for one year. In \nthe fall of 1844 he, like all young men, concluded to see \n\n\n\n788 HTSTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmore of the world, and according!}^ set out for Louisiana, where he \nremained for some time in the interior of the State, and then to New \nOrleans. From New Orleans he went to Nashville, Tennessee, where \nhe was employed as a guard of the State prison until the spring of \n1847, when he came back to Boone county, and has remained here \never since. In 1852 he moved to the northern portion of the count3% \nwhere he lived for about twelve years. In February, 1864, he moved \nout upon the Two-mile prairie, and lived there five years. In 1869 \nhe moved upon the farm where he is now living, a farm of one hun- \ndred and sixty acre, ten and one-half miles northeast of Columbia. \nDecember 19th, 1850, he married Miss Mary J., daughter of John \nO., and Jemima (Conley) White. By this union they have had nine \nchildren, three girls and six boys. John D. E. W. is now with White, \nBarron & Co., of Centralia ; James W., of Stephens\' Store, Callaway \ncount}^ Missouri, general merchandise; Thomas 0., who is of the \nfirm of Loeb, Cook & Co., grocery store, Columbia; Wm. B., who \nis also at Stephens\' Store; Alexander (deceased), Lucy J., Isaac \nN., Annie M. and Mattie. Mr. and Mrs. Robinson are members of \nthe Christian church, and are considered by all as worthy of all con- \nfidence in their social and business relations. \n\nDAVID HURST SHOCK, DECEASED. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was one of the hardy pioneers, of the \ncounty, though he was not among the first comers. Mr. Shock, was \nthe son of John and Mary Shock, and was born in Fayette county, \nKentucky, October 8th, 1800. He came to Howard county, Missouri, \nin 1820, and to Boone county, in the spring of 1822. He was mar- \nried August 7th, 1823, to Miss Cynthia, daughter of Martin Gibson. \nThirteen children, eight boys and five girls, were born of this union, \nnamed: John M., James H., Hawkins G., William T., David H.,^ \nGeorge W., Robert L., Walter C, Zerelda A., Martha E., Rebecca, \nMary C. and Laura A. Mr. Shock settled in 1825 on the farm oc- \ncupied at this writing by his widow and two sons, David H. and Wil- \nliam T. His death occured March 18, 1880. He was deacon of the \nOld Rocky Fork Baptist church for many years, and raised a large \nand exemplary family. Only one \xe2\x80\x94 Mary C. \xe2\x80\x94 of these children \nhas died up to this time. All the sons reside in Boone county, but \none \xe2\x80\x94 Hawkins \xe2\x80\x94 who lives in Oregon. Mrs. Shock is a member of \nthe church of which her husband was so long deacon, she having been \na communicant of that congregation about 44 years. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 789 \n\n\n\nJAMES HURST SHOCK \n\n\n\nIs a son of David H. Shock, deceased, and was born in this county, \nNovember 28, 1827. His education was received in his native county, \nwhere he grew up and was married, September 1st, 1853, to Miss \nSusan A., daughter, of John H,, and Catherine Keith. Four chil- \ndren, two sons and two daughters were born of this marriage, named : \nWillard C, Mary C, Emma P. and James W. His first wife died \nin 1873, and Mr. Shock was again married to Miss Martlia A. \nBradley, daughter of James and Zerelda (Gibson)\' Bradley. By this \nunion they have three boys \xe2\x80\x94 Roy, Guy and Frank. Mr. Shock \nhas always been a farmer. He owns a good farm of 160 acres on \nthe Columbia and "Blackfoot " gravel road, three miles north of the \ncounty seat. Mrs. Shock belongs to the Missionary Baptist church, \n^nd is a consistent Christian. \n\nSOLOMON SHOBE \n\nIs a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Parsons) Shobe, and was born April \n16, 1828, at Loutre Island, Warren county, Missouri. He received a \ncommon-school education at the log school house upon the island. \nHis father died September 14, 1845. In 1846 he, in company with his \nmother, two brothers, and a sister, was crossing the Missouri river \nat Loutre Island in a skiflT, when they ran upon a snag and upset, drown- \ning his mother and his two brothers, Abraham and John D. Caroline \nV. drifted down the river about three miles and was rescued by a fer- \nryman. Solomon lived upon the old home place in Warren county \nuntil 1856, when he started for Boone county in a one-horse wagon, \nwith his wife and a faithful negro woman. He settled upon a piece of \nland containing one hundred and sixty acres, which he had bought the \nfall previous. In 1867 he purchased another 160-acre tract adjoining, \nand now his is considered one of the best farms on Two-mile prairie ; \nhis improvements are all new and substantial. In 1876 he built a good \ntwo-story house, and in 1877 built quite a large barn. He deals mostly \nin cattle, feeding about fifty head for market every winter. Mr. \nShobe was married December 18, 1855, to Miss Susan H., daughter \nof Larkin Callaway, of Warren county, Missouri. By this union \nthey have four children \xe2\x80\x94 two l)oys and two girls, Larkin D., George \nR., Annie B. and Mary V. His wife died January 14, 1881, and \nis buried at Prairie Grove church. Mr. Shobe is a Mason in o-ood \nstanding. \n\n\n\n790 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSAMUEL BROWN SPENCE. \n\nSamuel B. Spence, son of Andrew and Rebecca (Lemon) Spence^ \nwas born in Scott county, Kentucky, May 22, 1819 ; he came to Boone \ncounty in the fall of 1824 with his father, and wintered in Columbia,^ \nin a small log house on the ground now occupied by J. P. Horner\'s \nlumber yard. The spring following his father moved to Jefferson \nGarth\'s farm, close to Columbia, and stayed there one year; he then \nbought a farm three and a half miles north of Columbia, on the old \nParis road. The subject of this sketch was educated at the common \nschools pf the neighborhood, his principal instructor being Jo- \nseph Carpenter. He was married November 2, 1852, to Miss Mar- \ngaret E., daughter of William and Elizabeth (Johnson) Ritchey. \nBy this marriage they had four children \xe2\x80\x94 three sons and one daugh- \nter : Andrew R., born August 15, 1855; Robert S., born October 4, \n1858; James A., born November 10, 1860; Mary C, born March 19,, \n1864. His first wife having died September 13, 1867, he was again \nmarried, January 13, 1871. The second wife was Ann M., daughter \nof Marcus P. and Sarah G. (Smith) Wills, formerly of Kentucky. \nMr. Wills was one of the first pastors of *\' Old Bear Creek church." \nMr. Spence bought the old Samuel Crockett farm, eight miles north- \neast of Columbia, on the old Crockett road. This place was some- \nwhat noted in the early history of the county as being the great camp- \nmeeting ground. The place was then called Mount Moriah. The \nfarm contains 240 acres of very good land, well watered and timbered \nand nicely improved. In early life Mr. Spence worked at the tanner\'s \ntrade with hjs father, on the old home place, three and one-half miles^ \nnorth of Columbia. From 1848 to 1850 Mr. Spence was extensively \nengaged in the mule trade, buying in Missouri and selling in the Lou- \nisiana and Texas markets. In 1864, having previously bought hi& \nfather\'s old farm, three and one-half miles north of Columbia, he \nremoved to that place, remaining there about seven years. Not \nliking the change, he came back to his former home on the Crockett \nroad, eight miles northeast of Columbia, where he now lives. In \nJanuary, 1853, he had the misfortune to break his leg, and was a \ncripple for about a year, being unable to get about. Andrew Spence,. \nfather of Samuel B., was born in 1790. He married Rebecca Lemon, \nof Scott county, Kentucky, sister of Robert Lemon, of Boone county. \nThey had eight children \xe2\x80\x94 six sons and two daughters: John L., \n(deceased), Mary A., Margaret E., Robert M. (deceased), William \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 791 \n\nE., Joseph A., James F., and Alexander P. Andrew Spence is \nburied on the old farm settled by him. Mrs. Spence is buried by \nthe side of her husband. Mr. Spence owned and operated one among* \nthe first tanyards ever established in this county. Samuel B. Spence \nand all his family are members of the Christian church ; he is also \na member of the Patrons of Husbandry. He is a useful citizen and \na clever neighbor, honored and esteemed by all who know him. \n\nZEPHANIAH SPIERS. \n\nZephaniah Spiers is the son of Samuel and Nancy (Logan) Spiers, \nand was born May 8, 1822, in Fayette county, Kentucky. His father \nwas a native of Maryland, and died in Boone county, August 9, 1843. \nHis mother died November 20, 1859. They are buried in the family \nburying ground, upon the old homestead. They were both members \nof the Christian church. Zephaniah was educated in Kentucky and \nin Boone county, Missouri, in the country schools. He came to Boone \nin 1830 with his father, who bought the place upon which his son is \nnow living. It is ten miles east of Columbia, on "Spiers\' road." \nThe farm contains 260 acres of good land. He went to California in \n1850, and returned in the fall of 1851, believing that there is no place \nlike Missouri. While in California he Avorked in the gold-diggings, \nbut his heart turned back to the land of peace and plenty. He moved \nto Audrain county in 1856, but returned to Boone and bought the old \nhomestead settled by his father in 1830, and is now living upon it. He \nwas married August 1, 1849, to Miss Lucy A., daughter of Colonel \nWalker and Lucinda (Walden) Allen. They have had five children \xe2\x80\x94 \nthree boys and two girls: Z. M. (deceased), Maud A. (deceased), \nLucinda N. (deceased), Samuel W. (deceased), and William H., now \nliving at home with his father. Mr. Spiers is the first of a family \nof eight children, but two of whom are now living \xe2\x80\x94 Zerelda and \nour subject. Mrs. Spiers died July 30, 1866, and is buried in Calla- \nway county, Missouri. She was a member of the Christian church. \nMr. Spiers is also a member of the same denomination. He was cap- \ntured during the war, taken to Mexico, Missouri, and thence to St. \nLouis, from there to Alton, Illinois. He was in prison at the latter \nplace about six months. He is regarded as one of the best citizens of \nBoone county \xe2\x80\x94 a warm-hearted, hospitable gentleman. \n\nN. p. STARK. \n\nNewman Payton Stark was born in Boone county, Missouri, April \n\n\n\n792 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n28th, 1841. His parents, Newman B. and Percilla Thornton Stark, \nwere natives of the " Old Dominion," emigrating from Stafford county, \nVirginia, to Boone county in the fall of 1828. Newman Stark, Jr., \nwas born and raised on the farm now owned by Wm. McDonald, nine \nmiles southeast of Columbia. He was partly educated at the common \nschools, finishing his studies at the State University. He is a practi- \ncal farmer and deals largely in live stock. Few men have been more \nsuccessful in this line of business than Newman Stark. He pays lib- \neral prices and is fair in his dealings. Such business men are needed \nin every farming and stock raising community. By furnishing his \nneighbors with a home market for their surplus stock, Mr. Stark has \nbeen of much service to the community in which he lives. He owns \n840 acres of land which is well adapted to the business he is engaged \nin and it is utilized to the best advantage. \n\nALEXANDER F. STEPHENS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of John L. and Mary (Sams) \nStephens, and was born August 5th, 1828, in Garrard county, Ken- \ntucky. His father and mother were married in Virginia, in 1806, and \nemigrated to Kentucky some years after. In 1838 they again turned \ntheir faces to the Great West, and settled in Boone county, Missouri, \nand in 1839 they removed to the place upon which Alexander F. \nnow lives, just one mile south of the place they first settled. John \nL, died February 3d, 1863, at the age of 83, and his wife died \nAugust 2d, 1877. They are buried at Cedar Church, Callaway \ncounty, Missouri. They had eleven children, seven boys and four \ngirls. Rice, Elizabeth, James, Nancy, Sarah W., Eliza G., John L., \nWm. P., Lucy A., Alexander F. and James H., only three of whom \nare living; Eliza G., is living in Jasper County, Missouri, James \nH., at Centralia, this county, and our subject, Alexander. Mr. \nStephens was educated at Boonesboro, and at Cedar Hill Academy. In \n1849 he went to California, and returned to Boone county in 1851. \nHe has a fine farm of four hundred and eleven acres. Cedar creek \nforms his eastern boundary line, being also the county line between \nBoone and Callaway counties. In 1862 Mr. Stephens had twenty- \nfive acres of corn which made twenty-four barrels per acre. Mr. \nStephens relates that when he was thirteen or fourteen years of age \nhe saw his father have twenty-six half dollars in silver. He asked his \nfather to let him have them, saying, after his father had placed the money \nin his hands, " If this was mine I would never need any more money \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 793 \n\nas long as I live," To him it seemed a fortune. His ideas of wealth \nhave changed very materially since then, forty years ago, for he now \npays taxes to the amount of one hundred and ninety dollars each year. \nMr. Stephens lives just nine miles due east of Columbia. \n\nCHARLES Y. TRICE, JR. \n\nThe subject of this sketch has not been a citizen of Boone county \nbut a few years, yet, notwithstanding this fact, he is already more \nthoroughly identified with the business interests of the county than \nmany of the oldest citizens. Possessing remarkable energy, good \njudgment, and affable manners, he has succeeded in building up a \nbusiness, and in much less time than it usually takes to accomplish \nsuch important results. Mr. Trice was born in DeKalb county, \nMissouri, October 28th, 1853, and came to Boone county in 1877. \nHe first located in Eocheport, where he remained for three years. \nFrom Eocheport he removed to his present home on the grounds of \nhis nursery, three-fourths of a mile north of town. He was married \nNovember 19th, 1878, to a daughter of Alfred E. Steele. He is \nmanager and senior proprietor of the nursery farm of Trice Brothers \n&Co., also general agent for all sorts of nursery stock. They have \nforty acres in nursery, surrounded by a beautiful hedge of osage \norange. In addition to young stock, they have 3,000 apple trees \njust beginning to bear. This orchard covers twenty acres. They \nhave a plum orchard of seventy-five trees and a pear orchard of \n150. The nursery grounds have a natural slope in all directions, \naffording natural drainage, which adds greatly to the fertility of the \nsoil as well as to the beauty of the place. They have a general as- \nsortment of nursery stock, including shrubbery, evergreens, roses, etc. \nMr. Trice also owns a cattle ranche in Butler county, Kansas. \n\nCHARLES R. TURNER. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born upon the farm where he now \nlives, on the 11th day of July, 1853. His father, Wm. Turner, was \nborn June 6th, 1829, and died in Santa Fe, New Mexico, May 26th, \n1880. A. W. Turner, ^the father of William, and grandfather of \nCharles E., moved from Madison county, Kentucky, to Columbia, \nBoone county, Missouri, about 1832, when William was three or four \nyears old. He practiced law in Columbia for some time and then \nbought a farm on Bear creek, where he spent the rest of his days. \nHe and his wife are buried upon the old Turner homestead in the \n\n\n\n794 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfamily buiying-ground. Wm. Turner was married March 25tli, 1852^ \nto Miss C. F. McLean, whose father was the first Baptist preacher in \nMissouri. She was born and reared in Boone county, Missouri. Her \nparents were natives of Kentucky. By their marriage Mr. and Mrs. \nTurner had two children, Charles R. and Matilda, who died May \n18th, 1875, and is buried beside her father in the family graveyard. \nWm. Turner was a member of the Christian church, and a member of \nthe Masonic lodge at Hickory Grove. He went out to New Mexico \nto restore his failing health. The trip failed to benefit him. He died \nat Santa Fe, New Mexico, on the 26th of May, 1880. Charles R., \nthe only surviving child, is living upon the old homestead. He at- \ntended the State University two years after receiving a good common \nschool education. He was reared upon the farm, and when he reached \nmanhood chose farming as his occupation. He handles stock, princi- \npally cattle, and his chief crop is corn. He has a magnificent farm \nof seven hundred and twenty acres in a high state of cultivation. His \nhouse is near the center of section 29, township 49, and range 11. \nHe was married December 14, 1881, to Miss Belle Rogers, daughter of \nJames and Lizzie (Philips) Rogers, of this county. He is a member of \nthe Odd Fellows lodge at Columbia, and withal is an afiable, enterpris- \ning young gentleman. \n\nI. C. VIVION. \n\nIrvin C. Vivion was born in Boone county, Missouri, on the farm \nsettled by his parents, nine miles southeast of Columbia, on the Colum- \nbia and Cedar Creek gravel road. He was educated partly in Boone \ncounty, finishing his studies at Westminster College, Fulton, Missouri. \nAfter completing his studies he returned to his farm in Boone county. \nHe was married January 24th, 1865, to Mollie, daughter of Robert \nand Nancy B. Wallace, of Bourbon county, Kentucky. Seven chil- \ndren were born to them, three sons and four daughters. Two sons \nare dead. Mr. Vivion is a practical farmer and a dealer in cattle. He \nowns 540 acres of excellent land, well situated and in a high state of \ncultivation. Mr. Vivion\'s parents, John G. .and Rebecca Robnett \nVivion, emigrated to Boone county in the fall of 1825. \n\nWILLIAM LITTLETON VICTOR. \n\nWilliam L. Victor was born in Nicholson county, Kentucky, August \n19th, 1818. He is the son of William and Eleanor Victor, and was \neducated in his native State. Coming to Boone county, Missouri, in \nthe fall of 1845, he settled on a farm five miles northeast of Columbia. \n\n\n\n\nc \n\n\n\n\'K,OU;i/i/^ \n\n\n\n7 \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 795 \n\nMr. Victor was married February 20th, 1845, to Miss Frances, daughter \nof Cumberland and Elizabeth Snell, of Paris, Monroe county, Mis- \nsouri. By this union they were blessed with eight children, six \ndaughters and two sons, four of whom are living. Mary F. died No- \nvember 18th, 1860; William W., August 26th, 1869; Lee, January \n22d, 1872; Elizabeth E., May 22d,"l873. Julia A., Amanda G., \nEugenie and Samuel E. are alive at this writing. In 1841 Mr. Victor \naccepted a situation in the dry goods store of James G. Fox, at Paris,^ \nMissouri, with whom he remained two years. He then went to Han- \nnibal, Missouri, where he assisted in a wholesale and commission store, \nremaining in that business about one year. Leaving Hannibal, he re- \nturned to Kentucky. In 1845 \xe2\x80\x94 as before stated \xe2\x80\x94 he came to Boone \ncounty, Missouri, and settled on a farm owned by his wife. Mr. Vic- \ntor was deputy county collector, under Sheriff Hickman, in 1849-50, \nreturning a delinquent list of but a fraction over $500. He has also \nofficiated as assessor for his district. Was a member of the Masonic \norder before the dissolution of his lodge years ago, and is also a mem- \nber of the Columbia Grange. Is an elder of the Christian church at \nAntioch. He has held this position since the organization of the \nchurch. Mr. Victor owns a fine farm of 570 acres, well watered and \nwell improved. Mr. Victor has resided on this place since 1845. He \nis largely interested in agriculture. His farm is well calculated for \nstock raising, being well adapted to the growth of bluegrass. Mrs. \nVictor died January 25th, 1874, from a hurt received a few days \nprevious, she having been thrown from a horse while going to church. \nMrs. Victor was forty-nine years old at the time of her death. \n\nMAJ. NATHANIEL W. WILSON. \n\nMaj. Wilson is a native of Kentucky, and was born in Mason \ncounty, December 29th, 1811. His parents were Augustus N. C. and \nCaroline R. W. Wilson. Mrs. Wilson was a native of Virginia. She \nwas born in Goochland county in 1792, and removed to Mason county, \nKentucky, in 1807. In 1810 she married Dr. Augustus N. C. Wilson, \nof Maysville, Kentucky. Five years after the death of her husband, \nwhich occurred in 1820, she came to Missouri, settling six miles east \nof Columbia, on the farm of her brother, James W. Wilson. After \nremaining at this place about three years, she moved to Columbia, \nwhere she built a log cabin in what was then the eastern portion of the \ntown, but now the center of the city. Mrs. Wilson was a zealous \nPresbyterian, a member of the first organization of that name and \n\n\n\n796 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfaith in the town of Columbia. She was loved and honored for her \nhospitality and many Christian virtues. Maj. Wilson came to \nMissouri with his widowed mother in 1825. His education, which \nhad been commenced in Kentucky, was finished at Bonne Femme \nAcademy, under the instructions of Rev. Robert S. Thomas. Before \ncompleting his studies, however, he went to Old Franklin, then a \nflourishing town in Howard county, Missouri, opposite Boonville, in \nCooper county, where he assisted Mr. David S. Lamb in the mercan- \ntile business. Returning to Boone county after a brief absence, he \nresumed his studies under Mr. Thomas, remaining at the academy \nabout two years. Having completed his education, he returned to his \nformer place in the store. In 1828 one of the firm removed to \nColumbia, and Mr. Williamson came with him. In 1829 Mr. \nWilson and his brother, Josiah W. Wilson, formed a partnership \nwith Robert S. Barr, for the purpose of engaging in the general \nmercantile business. In 1832 he sold out his interest in the business, \nand enlisted for the Blackhawk war, under Capt. Sinclair Kirtley. \nAfter serving two months he was honorably discharged, and returned \nto his home in Boone county. His next business venture was a \npartnership with his brother-in-law, Caleb S. Stone, father of the \npresent sherifi" of Boone county. They engaged in the mercantile \nbusiness at Columbia. The firm remained intact till 1852, when Mr. \nWilson sold his interest to John H. Field. On quitting the store, \nMr. Wilson removed to the farm where he now resides, two and a half \nmiles southwest of Columbia. Previous to the war, and for some \ntime after the struggle commenced, Maj. Wilson was a Union man, \nand might have remained such but for persecutions of the Federal \nsoldiers. He lost heavily by the war, being largely interested in \nslave property. At the close of the struggle he had nothing but his \nfarm. He did not fold his arms in despair, however, but went \nbravely to work to retrieve his shattered fortunes. His fine farm of \n320 acres has been made to blossom like the rose. He has one of the \nlargest orchards in the county, numbering nearly one thousand fruit \ntrees. His mansion is centrally located, overlooking his farm. \nSurrounding his residence are manv beautiful evero-reens and forest \ntrees, presenting to the eye a scene of rare beauty. Maj. Wilson has \nalways taken an active part in all public enterprises, especially such \nas were calculated to promote the educational interests of the people \nof his own county. He was at one time treasurer and trustee of the \nColumbia college, which formed the nucleus of the State University. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 797 \n\nHe also assisted in building up the Columbia Female Academy. He \nhas always taken an active part in the manao-ement of the Boone \nCounty Agricultural and Mechanical Association. He was seventy \nyears old on the 29th of December, 1881. Maj. Wilson was first \nmarried in 1837 to Miss Mary J., daughter of James and Catherine \nStone, of Richmond, Kentucky. Mrs. Wilson lived but one year and \na half after her marriage. In 184- he was again married. His \nsecond wife was Mary Ann Burnam, of Richmond, Kentucky, sister \nof John F. Burnam, formerly of Columbia, now of Raton, New \nMexico, also Eld. E. H. Burnam, of St. Louis, and Maj. C. F. \nBurnam, of Richmond, Kentucky, a distinguished lawyer and former \nassistant-secretary of the United States Treasury. \n\nJOHN FREDERICK WILKINSON. \n\nThis gentleman, one of the leading agriculturists of the comity, \nwas born in Charlotte county, Virginia, December 9th, 1834. His \nparents were Samuel and Martha (Cook) Wilkinson, who moved \nfrom Virginia to the neighborhood of Jefferson City, Missouri. \nFrom there-John Frederick went to Franklin county, this State, where \nhe lived till he was 21 years old. He then moved to Morgan county, \nand after remaining three years, went to Warren county, where he \ncontinued seven years. Returning to Franklin county, he came from \nthere to Boone county in 1868. His education was received chiefly \nin Washington, Franklin co.unty, and he was married September 1st, \n1868, to Miss Sarah C, dauo-hter of Anderson and Elizabeth Biiro-es. \nFour sons and three daughters have been born of this union : John \nW., Anderson B., Martha E., Arthur E., Alice M., Carrie A., and \nHugh- Mr. Wilkinson has been a farmer all his life. He owns a \nvery excellent farm of 226 acres, with fine improvements, and a good \nsupply of timber and water, situated five miles east of Columbia, on \nthe St. Charles road. His place is indeed a model farm, and there are \nfew better appointed places, anywhere. He also owns 160 acres one \nand a half miles south of his homestead, and a fine farm of 252 acres \nin Henry county, this State. All the improvements on his place have \nbeen made within the last fourteen years. Mr Wilkinson is a self- \nmade man in every sense of the term, and had the pluck and energy to \nacquire the nucleus of his present fortune by chopping and selling \ncordwood to the Missouri river steamers. Mr. Wilkinson and his \nson, John W., belong to the Methodist church, in which the former \nis steward. Mrs. Wilkinson also belongs to the same church. \n\n\n\n798 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nBENJAMIN S. WILSON. \n\n\n\nThe subject of this sketch is a son of William S. and Matilda \n(Hearn) Wilson, and was born in Woodford county, Kentucky, May \n24th, 1857. His father was a native of Kentucky, born in 1831, \nand died in 1861. His mother was born in 1832, and died in 1868, \nin Adams county, Illinois, to which State she, and her only child, Ben- \njamin, had removed in 1866. They were members of the Episcopal \nChurch. Benjamin S. came to Boone county, Missouri, in April, 1874, \nand bought a farm of 170 acres, ten miles northeast of Columbia, and five \nmiles east of Brown\'s Station. He received his education in Illinois. \nHe was married January 24th, 1876, to Miss Etta Lee, daughter of \nW. H. and Elizabeth (Skinner) Winn, of this county. Both himself \nand wife are members of the Missionary Baptist Church at Grandview. \nMr. Wilson is a worthy member of the Masonic Lodge No. 81, of \nHickory Grove. He is one of the most enterprising young men of \nBoone county, taking an active part in the politics of his county. In \n1882 he entered the race for the assessorship, but was compelled to \nwithdraw in the middle of the campaign by reason of a severe illness, \nwhich prevented his continuing the canvass. Such men as he are the \ncountry\'s life-blood and hope in the years to come. \n\nL. E. WRIGHT, \n\nThis gentleman was born in Boone county, Missouri, in 1838. He \nis the son of James K. and Myra Wright. His father was born in \nBourbon county, Kentucky, May 28, 1809. He came to Boone \ncounty in the fall of 1826, and settled upon the Two-mile prairie. \nHe was married in Columbia in 1836, to Miss Mira J,, daughter of \nPeter and Jeannette E. Wrio-ht. Mrs. Wrio;ht was born March 17, \n1815. They had six children, four boys and two girls, only two of \nwhom are now living, L. E., and Paul M., both in Boone county. \nThe Wrights were among the earliest settlers of the county, when \nthe Indians were yet lurking in the forests, and were ready to toma- \nhawk their unwary foes. L. E. Wright was married, November 30, 1865 \nto Miss Kate E. Turner, daughter of Barney and Mary Turner of \nBoone county. She was born in Kentucky, but came with her parents \nto Missouri some years before. They are blessed with three children. \nPeter, Myra and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Wright are members of the \nChristian church at Oakland, and he is a worthy member of the Odd \nFellows lodo-e. His residence is five and one-half miles northeast of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 799 \n\nColumbia. Mr. Wright has quite a curiosity in an old atlas published \nin 1809 by Matthew Carey. It was bought by his grandfather, William \nWright, the price paid being ten dollars. He has also quite a collec- \ntion of very old letters. One was written by his grandfather from \nSt, Charles, he being a member of the legislature there at that time. \nIt was to his wife and was directed to " Mrs. Jane Wright, Tiuo-Mile \nPrairie, Boone County, Missouri, to he left at Maj. EstilVs house \nbetween Fayette and Boonville." This will give the readers of this \nsketch an idea of the mail facilities in Boone m those early days. In \nthe letter was a profile of the writer himself, cut out of a piece of \nwhite paper, and a piece of black satin placed behind it. Mr. Wright \nis a farmer and an extensive dealer in stock. His father James K. \nWright was eno-ag-ed in the mercantile business all his life. \n\nGEOEGE M. WEIGHT. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Boone county, Missouri, \nApril 3d, 1839. He was the son of Wesley and Polly (Potts) Wright \nand was born upon the farm where he is now living. His father, \nWesley Wright was born within five miles of Nashville, Tennessee, \nand came with his parents to Boone county, Missouri, in 1819, where \nhe lived until 1850, when he went to California. He died on his way \nhome and was buried at Cape Girardeau, Mo., in 1852. Mrs. Wright, \nthe mother of George M., was born in West Tennessee, in 1808, and \ncame to Boone county, Missouri, when she was eight years of age. \nShe died in 1879, and is buried at Hickory Grove church. George M. \nWright was thrown upon his own resources when quite a child, and \nright manfully did he fight the battle of life. He went to school dur- \ning the winter months, and in summer he worked to earn money for \nthe next winter\'s schooling. He afterwards went two terms of nine \nmonths each, to Professors Hurt and M. G. Duncan, of Mexico, \nAudrain county, Mo., taking a very liberal course, but declining \nhealth prevented his graduating as he had intended. He lived with \nand took care of his mother, more especially after the negroes were \nfreed. When the war broke out he espoused the cause of the Con- \nfederacy and joined Capt. Nimrod Norton\'s company, Clark\'s brigade. \nHe was in the battles of Boonville, " Fulton Races," Lone Jack, Pea \nRidge, Drywood, Cane Hill, Helena, Independence and many skir- \nmishes. Under Gen. Joe Shelby, he was in several days continued fight- \ning near Little Rock, Arkansas, fighting Gen. Steele\'s division U. S" \ntroops. Mr. Wright was commissioned an officer to rank as Colonel, \n\n\n\n800 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nto raise a regiment in Missouri during Shelby\'s last raid, but the sur- \nrender of Lee in the following spring put an end to the war, and Col. \nWright was mustered out and surrendered to Capt. Cook. He re- \nturned home without a dollar and went to work upon the old place. \nHe was married September 16th, 1868, to Miss Minerva, daughter of \nGarland Sims, Esq. By this union they have six children, Garland Sims, \nLena, Elizabeth, Wesley, George Walter and Ancil. The year he \nwas married he moved to Audrain county, and lived there until the \nspring of 1879, when he moved back upon the old place. His house \nis on the north-east quarter of section 16, township 49, range 11, \nand his farm contains two hundred and seventy acres. Mr. Wright is \nan energetic, active business man, enjoying the confidence of all who \nknow him. \n\nANDEEW D. WRIGHT. \n\nAndrew D. Wright was born in Botetourt county, Virginia, Novem- \nber 24th, 1823. He is the son of Peter and Sallie (Persinger) Wright \nwho emigrated to Boone county, Missouri, in the fall of 1825. They \nsettled on the farm now owned and occupied by the subject of this \nsketch, five miles north of Columbia. Mr. Wright was brought up on \nthe farm and educated at the public schools in the neighborhood of his \nhome. He was married January 2d, 1853. He is the father of six \nchildren, one son and five daughters: Ella L. (deceased), Mary A., \nAlexander P., Varina D., Anna V. and Sallie L. (deceased). Mr. \nWright has followed farming all his life, and has lived on the farm he \nnow occupies for fifty-seven years. When he came to Boone county \nit was almost a wilderness. There were but ten or fifteen acres of \ncleared land on the farm now owned and cultivated by Mr. Wright. \nThey were two months on the road in moving from Virginia. The \nfirst mill ever established in his neighborhood was erected by John \nShock and was run by horsepower. The first water-mill on the Hink- \nson was erected by a man named Hannah. Old Bear Creek churcb \nwas the first house of worship he ever attended in Boone county. \nThe elder Wright died about the year 1835 and is buried on the old \nGray farm. His mother died during the war and was buried by the \nside of her husband. Mr. Wright was twice married. He had seven \nchildren by his first wife and nine by his second. All the children by \nhis first marriao;e are dead. The sons of the second marriage are all \ndead, except the subject of this sketch \xe2\x80\x94 the daughters are still living. \nMr. Wright and his family are all members of the Christian church. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 801 \n\nCHAPTEK XIX. \n\nTHE CITY OF COLUMBIA. \n\nEarly History \xe2\x80\x94 General Notes \xe2\x80\x94 War Notes \xe2\x80\x94 Confederate Raids \xe2\x80\x94 Broadway Block \nHouse \xe2\x80\x94 The Terrible "Tigers" \xe2\x80\x94 Business During the War \xe2\x80\x94 Death of Warren \nWoodson \xe2\x80\x94 Price\'s Addition \xe2\x80\x94 Stephens College \xe2\x80\x94 Christian College \xe2\x80\x94 A Walking \nStatesman \xe2\x80\x94 Business Interests \xe2\x80\x94 Newspapers \xe2\x80\x94 History of the "Herald" \xe2\x80\x94 The Pub- \nlic Schools \xe2\x80\x94 Churches \xe2\x80\x94 Secret Orders \xe2\x80\x94 Biographies of Old Settlers and Prominent \nCitizens. \n\nEARLY HISTORY. \n\nSo much of the early and general history of the city of Columbia \nis given in other chapters of this volume, that but little is left to be \nsaid here. A few additional facts remain to be here stated. The \ncomplete history of the city would alone make a large volume, and no \nattempt will here be made to present it in extenso. Certain matters \nof importance will be put on record, and many things of interest must \nperforce be omitted. \n\nFIRST DEEDS. \n\nThe land on which the first town plat of Columbia was located was \npatented by the United States to Anderson Woods in the sprmg or \nsummer of 1817. November 14, 1818, Anderson Woods and others \nconveyed the land (the southeast quarter of section 12, township 48, \nrange 13) to Thos. Duly, Gerard Eobinson, Taylor Berry, David \nTodd and Kichard Gentry. April 6, 1821, Dul}^ Eobinson, \nTodd and Gentry, a majority of the board of trustees, con- \nveyed to Lawrence Bass, David Jackson, John Gray, JeiFerson Ful- \ncher, " commissioners to fix upon and locate a permanent seat of jus- \ntice in the county of Boone," fifty acres of land, " and other public \nlots, commons and streets." June 26, 1828, Wm. Jewell, George Sta- \npleton, Gerard Eobinson and Thomas Story, for a consideration of \n$615.25, conveyed another portion of the town site to John Grey, \nJefierson Fulcher, Lawrence Bass and David Jackson, the commis- \nsioners of Boone county. This deed of conveyance is still in exist- \nence, in the possession of Thomas L. Bass. \n\nIn 1822 there were but a few houses in town, mostly one-story log \n\nbuildings. Among the business men were Chas. Hardin, who kept a \n\ntan yard down on Flat Branch ; Sam W. Scott, who had a blacksmith \n\nshop on Broadway; John H. Van Horn, a cabinet maker, and Daniel \n\n51 \n\n\n\n802 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nWilcox, a physician and snrgeon. Doubtless there were others whose \nnames cannot now be learned. \n\nIn 1823 the number of inhabitants in Columbia was 130 \xe2\x80\x94 fourteen \nmore than there were in Boonville at that time. By 1824 Columbia \nhad grown to be a village of considerable size and enterprise. In \naddition to those heretofore published, stores had been established by \nOliver Parker and Eobert Hood on the northwest corner of Broadway \nand Seventh streets, by Eobert S. Barr, James I. Tilton and Joseph \nB. Howard, on the northeast corner of Broadway and Eighth streets, \nand the first brick store. had been built by Kichard Estes, on the \nsoutheast corner of Broadway and Seventh streets. The only lawyers \nknown to have resided here at that time were A. B. Lane, Samuel \nWheeler and Jesse T. Wood, and the only physicians, Doctors William \nJewell and Daniel P. Wilcox. \n\nStephens\'s sketch says that the first church built in Columbia was \nthe Presbyterian, which was situated on the southwest corner of Sixth \nand Walnut, and was erected in 1830. Its first pastor was Kev. Wm. \nP. Cochran. At the same time, however, Methodist and Baptist \norganizations were in existence and held regular services. The Bap- \ntist minister was the Eev. Allen McGuire ; the pastor of the Metho- \ndist church was Eev. John Greenlagh. The first presbytery held \nin Columbia convened October 4, 1829, Eev. John S. Beel, mod- \nerator. \n\nThe first temperance society was organized in the spring of 1830. \nIts officers were Eev. John Greenlagh, president; James Callaway, \ntreasurer; Andrew Hannah, auditor; Eev. Wm. P. Cochran, secre- \ntary. The organization was auxiliary to the American Temperance \nSociety. At that time the organization found the field white for the \n.harvest. Whisky was a common beverage, and sold under scarcely \nany restrictions of law. Drunkenness and ruffianism were rife, and \nthere were frequent scenes of disorder and violence. The temper- \nance society did much good in the way of reforming divers and sundry \ndrinking men and making good citizens of them. \n\nIn 1830 the population of Columbia was about 600. The principal \nbusiness men were Dr. Alex. M. Eobinson, Dr. Jas. H. Benson, \nJames C. Boggs, druggists, and 01ivei~Parker, Wm. Barr, Joseph B. \nHoward, A. J. Williams, Moses W. Miller, Jacob Payne, Wm. Cor- \nnelius and Samuel Stone, proprietors of dry goods, grocery and gen- \neral stores. The ministers were Eeverends John Greenlagh, Wm. P. \nCochran, Christopher Gentry and Allen McGuire, The attorneys \n\n\n\n^ HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 805 \n\nwere "W. K. Van Arsdall, B. F. Robinson, Sinclair Kirtley, John B, \nGordon, Jesse T. Wood. The physicians were Wm. Jewell, A. M. \nRobinson, J. H. Bennett and Daniel P. Wilcox. Taverns were kept \nby E. McClelland, Edward Camplin and Samuel Wall. During thi& \nyear Gen. Richard Gentry succeeded Chas. Hardin as postmaster. \nUpon Gen. Gentry\'s death, in 1837, his wife, Mrs. Ann Gentry, \nthrough the personal exertions of Senator Thos. H. Benton, was \nappointed postmistress, and held the office for many years. \n\nIn 1831, in addition to those in business in Columbia in the previous \nyear, there Avere the following : Attorneys, Calvin L. Perry, Austin \nA. King (afterward Governor), E. P. Mills and Washington Jenkins ; \nmerchants, Wm. H. White (associated with Wm. Cornelius), John \nGarnett, and Wm. Pro vines ; saddlers, John Bostick and George \nHarrison ; jewelers, Shelton Jones and Thomas L. Barrett ; shoe- \nmakers, J. & J. Martin. \n\nIn 1839 the State University was located at Columbia, full particu- \nlars of which event are given in other chapters of this history. From \n1835 to the present date no event of historic importance, occurred in \nColumbia, not already noted. Meanwhile the town grew slowly and \nsurely. Those who came to the place, as a rule, were wealthy, cul- \ntured and refined people, attracted by its educational and kindred \nadvantages, and in consequence Columbia society came to be known \nas being of the very highest order, and this reputation it has never \nlost. \n\nDuring the period from 1847 to 1850 the following were some of the \nprincipal citizens of the place : Ministers, Isaac Jones, Robert S. \n\nThomas, Thos. M. Allen, S. S. Church, D. P. Henderson and \n\nPaxson ; teachers, John H. Lathrop, W. M. Hudson, Prof. Leffing- \nwell, GeiD. C. Pratt, J. D. Ferryman, Dr. Litton, Geo. H. Matthews ; \nattorneys, James S. Rollins, John B. Gordon, Saml. A. Young, A. \nW. Turner, H. F. Garey, L. W. Robinson ; physicians, Wm. H. \nDuncan, T. R. H. Smith, Wm. Provines, Wm. H. Lee, N. B. Spots- \nwood, Wm. Jewell, James H. Bennett, H. M. Clarkson, J. W. Goodin, \nW. P. Thomas. The leading merchants were W. W. Wilson, J. \nKirkbride, J. B. Howard, G. G. Schoolfield, R. S. Barr, Moss Prew- \nitt, John Field, Parsons & Moult, James L. Stephens, R. C. & M. \nBranham, J, C. Kuykendall, Wm. W. Stone, Townshend Stewart, \nJ. R. Boyce, Alexander Douglass, Wm. H. Bast, S. A. Maupin,, \nThos. J. Hardin; tavern-keepers, James Richardson, Mrs. Ann \nGentry and Thomas Selby. \n\n\n\ng04 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nSOME NOTES OF WAR TIMES. \n\nIn April, 1861, about three men\'s hats covered the unconditional \nUnion men of Columbia who had the nerve to proclaim their principles \n:at all times and under all circumstances. Gen. Odon Guitar was the \npossessor of one of these hats. He avowed himself to be, at all haz- \n:}>rds, on the side of the Federal Government, against which he de- \nclared it would be treason to fight. A petition was presented to the \ncounty court to appropriate $10,000 to arm the militia of the county to \ndefend the sacred soil of old Boone from Federal invasion. Guitar \nwas county attorney at the time. The court-room was crowded with \nthe friends of the petition, whose attorney made a strong speech, \nairging the court to make the appropriation. Guitar denounced the \nscheme as treasonable in the highest degree, mincing no words and \npolishing no phrases. His speech is declared to have been a most \nhold and eloquent effort, and one that tended to make many a half-way \nUnion man fully confirmed in his faith. The court refused to make \nt he appropriation . \n\nThe merchants of the city kept their powder in a magazine near the \n\xe2\x96\xa0court-house. The secessionists concluded to capture it. The major- \nity of the merchants were quite willing that their powder should be \ncaptured by the friends of the Confederacy, but one or two Union \nmen were opposed to this. Odon Guitar and a few others interviewed \none merchant and obtained his permission to guard his powder in the \nmagazine. They posted themselves, well armed, one night, resolved \nto fire Upon any squad that might approach the magazine. Guitar \nwas called up town at one time, being about half-an-hour away. \nWhile he was gone the Secessionists came up to the magazine, opened \nit, and bore away some dozen kegs of the powder, in triumph and \nin safety. The Union men had their guns trained on the Secessionists, \nl:)ut would not fire without orders from Guitar, who was absent. It \nwas lucky that no collision did take place. Had one Secessionist been \nkilled the fight would have opened between fellow-citizens, and, dread- \nful as the war turned out to be, in such an event it would have been \n:still more dreadful. \n\nWhen the Confederates raided the town in 1862, one Southern lady \nliung out a Confederate flag and stood in her door-w^ay and waved a \nhandkerchief. In a few minutes the Confederates had retreated, and \nMerrill\'s cavalry were in the town. Then the lady\'s husband hauled \nin the rebel flag and ran out the stars and stripes. This was not the \nonly Columbia family equal to every emergency during the war. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 805 \n\nVery many of the Confederate sympathizers were forced by Col. \nMerrill and Col. Shaffer to feed rebel prisoners and sick confined in the \nUniversity and the hospital at Columbia. The unfortunate " rebels " \nwere thus sure of a good meal, and the Federals obeyed the mjunction \nof the Duke of Wellington, to " forage off of the enemy in every way \nyou can." \n\nThe upper rooms of the University were used as prisons for the \nconfinement of Confederate prisoners. On one occasion they sought \nto break out. The attempt was a failure. Two or three made their \nway into the garret, where they were discovered and assaulted by their \nguards, and desperately wounded. \n\nThe Federals used the cupola of the court-house as a look-out. \nHere two or three sentinels were kept on the watch continually, a& \nthe point commanded a view of all the roads leading into the town. \nThe cupola of the University was also used as a watch-tower. \n\nJust after the invasion of the county by Todd\'s and Anderson\'s \nguerrillas, and the massacre and battle of Centralia, Columbia was \njjlaced under martial law. The able-bodied male citizens, irrespect- \nive of party or political sympathy, formed a company to defend the \ntown against an expected and much-dreaded raid of the bushwhack- \ners. A block house was built in the middle of the street, at the cor- \nner of Eighth and Broadway, to be used as a tower of refuge and of \nstrength in the day of battle and of raid. The military company was \ncalled by the terror-inspiring name of " Tigers," the cognomen being- \nsupposed to indicate the fierce and desperate nature of the members, \nand giving fair warning to all bushwhackers to keep away from their \nlair and to beware of their cruel fangs, as it were. Really, however, \nthe company might with propriety have been called the " Snow- \nWhite Lambs," so harmless were they, and so gentle, and withal with \nsuch an aversion to the smell of " villainous saltpetre." They could \nhardly be called " tigers," having in view the fitness of terms. \n\nThe "Tigers" had barrels of fun all the same. It was such jolly \nsport to shirk duty, such as standing picket, patroling the streets, \nor mounting guard. The penalties for any infractions of duty were \nnot very severe. Capt. Rollins was of a kindly nature, and when \nsuch fierce warriors as J. S. Dorsey, J. Th. Fyfer, John Samuel and \nGeorge "\\^!=! Trimble, were brought before him for breaches of military \ndiscipline, it may be imagined that the severity of his sentences was \nnot very extraordinary. \n\nThroughout the entire civil war, even in the most perilous times, \n\n\n\n806 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbusiness was kept up and transacted in Columbia with almost usual \nregularity. The town was often under military occupation, with Fed- \neral pickets out on every road, but citizens were permitted to pass in \nand out freely for the purposes of trade and commerce. Goods ad- \nvanced rapidly in price as the war progressed and greenbacks depre- \nciated, and all of the merchants made money. \n\nOn the first of January, 1860, after a continued service of nearly \nthirty-nine years as county clerk, Warren Woodson retired from that \noffice, giving place to Joseph B. Douglass, his worthy successor, and \ndelivered to the court a most appropriate valedictory which was spread \nupon the records and ordered to be published. \n\nIn April, 1860, Prof. Sterling Price, Jr., projected an enterprise of \nno small moment to Columbia, namely, the purchase of William Y. \nHitt of 165 acres of land adjoining the town and lying immediately \nsoutheast of it, and laying it oiF into streets, avenues and town lots. \nIt was known as " Price\'s addition." \n\nAfter the close of the war, the town began to build up very sub- \nstantially. Broadway and other streets were macadamized and put \nin first-class order, and from year to year new and substantial brick \nbusiness houses were built along Broadway and other streets, until \nnow, as previously stated, there is not a handsomer town in Missouri \nthan Columbia, There is a good system of sewerage and the town is \nlighted with gas. \n\nIts three colleges, all of the highest order, attract hundreds of \npeople to the place from year to yeav and cause it to be well and fav- \norably known abroad. Students attend these institutions from States \nand Territories hundreds of miles away. Recently there have been \ngraduated from the female colleges, Indian maidens, whose standing \nin their classes was high, and whose orations merited and received , \nthe heartiest applause. The college commencements uniformly at- \ntract many visitors from different parts of the country. In this con- \nnection, historical sketches of the two female colleges of Columbia, \nthe Christian and the Stephens, will be given. The University has \nits history, full and elaborate to exhaustion, in other chapters of this \nvolume. \n\nSTEPHENS COLLEGE. \n\nThis school, like all similar institutions of modern learniiPC*, has had \na growth and development from one of smaller pretensions, to \nits present status of importance among the colleges of the State. The \nnucleus of Stephens College, was the old " Columbia Female \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 807 \n\nAcademy," which was organized in 1833, and was the outgrowth of \nthe first demands of the times for a school of more extended culture \nthan Columbia and vicinity had yet had. Miss Lucy Wales first had \ncharge of the academy after its organization, and she was succeeded in \nturn by Prof. Eleazar [not Edward] Root, Oliver Cunningham, D. \nFerryman and Tyre C. Harris. While the school was thus in oper- \nation, some denominational difierences sprang up, which resulted in \nchanging the academy from a non-sectarian to a Baptist school, under \nthe name of the "Baptist Female College." The same course gave \nrise to the establishment of " Christian College," a history of wliich \nis given in this work. The academy passed out of existence in 1853, \nand was succeeded by tlie denominational school above named, which \nwas organized in 1856, and chartered in 1857. Several thousand dol- \nlars was subscribed towards purchasing buildings, etc., and several \nthousand more was donated to pay off an old mortgage debt on the \nproperty and to improve the buildings and grounds. Among the \nmore liberal contributors of the early days of the school were James \nL. Stephens, Noah Flood, J. M. Robinson, Warren Woodson, John \nMoss, David Hickman, William Hickman, Thomas Hickman, Judge \nJames Harris, Moss Prewitt, Robt. T. Prewitt, Eli Bass, and others. \nThe first board of curators were David fl^. Hickman, Warren Wood- \nson, James Harris, Eli E. Bass, William T. Hickman, R. C. Branham \nand Moss Prewitt. D. H. Hickman was president of the board, and \nWarren Woodson secretar}^ Rev. W. R. Rothwell was the first \npresident of the Baptist Female College, but retired in 1857, and was \nsucceeded by Rev. X. X. Buckner, who presided till 1859. Rev. Mr. \nPendleton, of Illinois, was president from 1859 till 1860, and Rev. J. \nT. Williams from 1860 to 1866, who was succeeded by Rev. J. H. \nHollis, who held the position till his death, in 1869, when he was suc- \n"ceeded by E. S. Dulin, who presided during the transition period be- \nlow mentioned. \n\nIn 1870, the school was changed from one local in its nature to a \ncollege, under control of the Baptist General Association of Missouri. \nThe history of the adoption by the association is as follows : \xe2\x80\x94 " At a \nmeeting of the Baptist General Association of Missouri, in 1869, the \nnecessity of establishing a denominational school for the higher educa- \ntion of our daughters was made the subject of earnest consideration. \nA committee was appointed to report upon this subject at the next meet- \ning of the General Association. In 1870 this committee reported in \nfavor of establishino- such a college, and it was decided bv the dele- \n\n\n\n808 \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONK COUNTY. \n\n\n\ngates then in session to take immediate steps toward accomplishing \nthis end. At this jmicture the curators of the Baptist Femal^ College \nat Columbia, Mo., offered their buildings and grounds, valued at \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nO \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n^^ \n\n\n\nf \n\n\n\n\n000, to the association for this purpose. In addition to this oifer, \nand with the provision that the Baptist College was accepted as the \nState school. Brother James L. Stephens, of Columbia, munificently \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 809\' \n\noffered to start an endowment fund by giving $20,000 to the college. \nThe offers were accepted, and the Female College became the property \nof the General Association." The name was changed in October, \n1870, to that of " Stephens Female College," in honor of the liberal \ngentleman, James L. Stephens, whogave.it its largest endowment. \nEev. Dulin was succeeded, in 1879, by Prof. E. P. Rider, who con- \ntinues to preside at the present writing. The college is beautifully \nlocated in the suburbs of Columbia on East Broadway, and with ils \nwide lawn and majestic forest trees, is in itself an educating medium. \nThe buildings are spacious and convenient, lighted throughout with \ngas, and sufficiently commodious to furnish ample room for a hundred \nboarders. The "Home Department " is under supervision of the \npresident and his wife, and so conducted as to render it truly a home \nto those consigned to its care. \n\nThe following departments into which the school is organized, show \nit to be an institution meeting all the requirements of modern culture : \n1st, School of English, leading to degree of Baccalaurea Literarum ; \n2d, School of History and Literature, leading to the same degree ; \n3d, School of Natural Science, leading to degree of Baccalaurea Sci- \nentarum; 4th, School of Mathematics, degree B. S. ; 5th, School^of \nLanguages, degree B. L; 6th, School of Philosophy, degree B. L. ; \n7th, School of Biblical History, degree B. L. ; 8th, School of Genenil \nCulture, degree Baccalaurea Artiuvi. In addition to these is the \nPost-Graduate School, for a course still in advance of the college \ncourse, and School of Didactics, for special benefit of those desirous \nof becoming teachers. The schools of music, art and elocution, are \nup to the standard of any of the rival institutions of the State. The \ndaughters of ministers who have died in the service of the Baptist \nchurch, and of those living ministers who devote their entire time to \nministerial labors, are here permitted to enjoy special advantages, \nand are educated at a nominal cost. All things considered, this col- \nlege takes rank with the best institutions of general culture in the West ; \nand few schools, if anv, can offer better advantages to those desirinof \na thorough education and Christian training for their daughters. \n\nCHRISTIAN FEMALE COLLEGE. \n\nOn the resignation, in 1849, of the presidency of the State University \nby John H. Lathrop, the board of curators elected to that position \nJames Shannon, LL. D., of Bacon College, Harrodsburg, Kentuckj\'. \nIn November of the same year Samuel Hatch and H. H. White of \n\n\n\n\xc2\xab10 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nHarrodsburg, who, with President Shannon, were members of the \nChristian church, proposed on certain conditions to establish in Colum- \nbia a "Female College Institute" of the highest grade, and Dr. \nHatch visited Columbia with a view of inaugurating the enterprise. \nMuch general public interest was awakened on the subject, and sev- \neral meetings of our citizens of all parties and denominations were held \nto consider the proposition. Irreconcilable differences as to details \nwere disclosed, especially among members of the several churches, \nand the result was that the enterprise, on the conditions proposed by \nHatch and White, was abandoned. \n\nIt is due the truth of histor}^, however, to say that out of these \n\n\n\n\nCHRISTIAN FEMALE COLLEGE, COLUMBIA, MO. \n\n\n\ndifferences arose, on the part of the members of the Christian Church, \na commendable determination to establish a female college under the \nspecial patronage of that church, and a like determination on the part \nof members of other churches to resuscitate and reorganize the old \nColumbia Female Academy. \n\nRev. Tyre C. Harris, a Baptist minister, was called to the presi- \ndency of the latter institution, and out of it grew the Baptist College? \ncalled afterwards, and now, Stephens Female College. \n\nOut of the other enterprise grew Christian Female College ; so \nthat, in truth, the proposition of Hatch and White to establish a \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 811 \n\n*\' Female Collegiate Institute " finally resulted in the establishment \nof two female colleges in the town. \n\nChristian College w^as chartered by the Legislature, January 18, \n1851, with the following corporators; James Shannon, T. N. H. \nSmith, Thomas M. Allen, D. P. Henderson, W. W. Hudson, Kobt. \nS. Barr, Thomas D. Grant, Levi T. Smith, Dr. William McClure, \nFlavil Vivion, John Jamison, Weston F. Birch, J. J. Allen, J. C. Fox, \nLewis Bryan, Elijah Patterson, John S. Phelps, WaymanCrow, S. S. \nChurch and Moses E. Lard, all of whom are dead except four. \n\nThe first meeting of the corporators or trustees was held in Colum- \nbia, February 3d, 1851. T. M. Allen was elected president, and D. \nP. Henderson, secretary, and T. P. H. Smith treasurer of the board. \nJohn Augustus Williams, of Harrodsburg, Kentucky, was elected pres- \nident, and Miss Rebecca Jane Galbraith, of Jacksonville, 111., prin- \ncipal of the department of mathematics and natural science. \n\nThe college having no buildings in which to open instructions, the \ntwo-story frame, which was then a very unpretentious structure, and \nnow occupied as a residence by Dr. W. T. Maupin, was improvised for \nthe occasion. In August, 1851, the board purchased the then incom- \npleted residence belonging to the estate of the late Dr. Jas. H. Ben- \nnett and the grounds thereto attached, estimated at thirty acres, for \n|5,500 on twelve months\' credit without interest; and proceeded \nthrough the agency of L. B. Wilkes and H. H. Ready to raise funds \nby voluntary subscription to pay the debt and to finish and enlarge \nthe buildings. By the fall session of the college, which opened on \nSeptember 15th, 1851, the buildings were in such condition as to be \noccupied ; and on that day the first regular session of Christian Col- \nlege commenced. \n\nThe institution grew rapidly upon the public favor from its very \nfoundation and during its whole history, except a few years, while the \ncivil war was raging, was very prosperous. Liberal contributions \nof money have again and again been made by its friends, which en- \nabled the board of trustees not only to extinguish the original debt, \nbut very largely to add to the improvements and to the ornamentation \nof the grounds. \n\nPresident Williams resigned in 1856 and was succeeded by Elder L. \nB, Wilkes, who, resigning in 1858, was succeeded by the late la- \nmented Elder J. K. Rogers. President Rogers retained the presidency \nluitil 1877 when, on account of failing health, he resigned. Dur- \ning his administration of the college, embracing a period of nearly \n\n\n\n812 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntwenty years, he was remarkably successful in commending the institu- \ntion to public favor and patronage ; and his name will live as a pleas- \nant memory in the minds of hundreds of the most accomplished and \ncultivated women of our state. \n\n[See biography of S. K. Eogers.] \n\nOn the retirement of President Rogers in 1877, the board unani- \nmously elected Geo. S. Bryant to fill the vacancy, since which period \nto the present time he has most ably and successfully conducted the \ninstitution, which is now regarded as one of the most reputable for \nthe education of young women in the Mississippi Valley. \n\nThe college edifice is a large two-story brick, lighted with gas, and \nis most beautifully located in an elm and maple grove just within the \nnorthern limits of Columbia. A more lovely or eligible site for a \nfemale college could not have been selected. It was originally de- \nsigned by the late Dr. Bennett as a residence for himself and family. \nBefore it Avas completed, however, he went to California, like thou- \nsands of others, in search of gold, and in 1850, died at Placerville, \nin that State. \n\nA WALKING STATESMAN. \n\nAt the election of 1878, Capt. J. W. Kneisley was elected to the \nlegislature from this county. During the canvass he promised the \npeople that if elected he would walk to Jefferson City to attend the \nsession of the legislature. Being elected by an ovewhelming majority, \nhe left his home in Columbia at 10 a. m. January 2, 1879. The day \nchanced to be the coldest of the season. Capt. Kneisley reached \nAshland at 3 p. m,, having made the distance, 15 miles, in five hours. \nHere he remained over nioht, leavino- the next mornino; at 10 and \narriving at Claysville at noon. Here he was given a reception and \nmade a speech, after which he continued his tramp, reaching Cedar \nCity, opposite Jefferson, at sunset. He crossed the river on the ice \nand reached the capital in safety. Capt. K. was 54 years of age at \nthe time. \n\n\n\nLEADING BUSINESS INTERESTS OF COLUMBIA. \nMILLS. \n\nThe Columbia Milling Company was incorporated February 6, 1882,. \nwith a cash capital of $60,000. Its members are Gen. O. Guitar,, \npresident; G. W. Henderson, vice-president and superintendent; F. \nPannell, secretary ; J. M. Baker, treasurer, and W. T. Anderson. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 813 \n\nThe company owns the Columbia flouring mills, which have a capacity \nof 150 barrels daily ; the Columbia wheat elevator, with a capacity of \n100,000 bushels, and the Centralia corn elevator, with a capacity of \n50,000 bushels. The Columbia flouring mills have five stones, one \npair of rolls, 22 hovels, and run night and day. The engine is of \n80 horse power. \n\nThe Farmers\' Mills are situated on a one and a half acre lot in the \nnorthwestern part of the city. The main building is 24x40 feet, with \na wing 12x20. The flouring mill contains three run of burrs, and \nuses the Morse elevating bolt. The machinery is driven by an engine \nof forty-horse power. The mill has a capacity of 40 barrels of flour \nin ten hours, and 150 bushels of corn meal. The saw mill cuts 6,000 \nfeet of lumber per day. Ten men are employed in the mill. The \nmill building is entirely new, completed in the summer of 1882. It \nis three and one-half stories high including the basement. Maupin, \n.Smith & Co., proprietors. Superintendent, R. H. Smith, a practical \nmiller of 35 years experience. \n\nNEWSPAPERS . THE \' \' STATESMAN . \' \' \n\n[For a history of the Missouri Statestncm, the reader is referred to \nthe first chapter of the general history. For history of the Sentinel \nsee biographical sketch of Wallace J. Davis, Esq.] \n\nHISTORY OF THE "HERALD." \n\nOn February 5, 1869, C. P. Anderson & Sons, who had recently \nremoved from California, Missouri, issued in Columbia the first num- \nber of the Boone County Journal, an eight column Democratic paper. \nDr. E. W. Herndon was the editor, but had no pecuniary interest in \nthe paper. The Journal grew rapidly in circulation. On April 13, \n1870, Edwin W. Stephens of Columbia purchased a half interest in \nthe Journal newspaper and job ofiice and succeeded Dr. E. W. Herndon \nas editor. He also made a number of important changes in the \ntypographical arrangement and appearance of the paper and enlarged \nand improved its news departments. On January 1, 1871, the name \nwas changed to the Columbia, Missouri, ZTeraZcZ and has so continued \nsince. The circulation of the Journal doubled during the first six \nmonths after Mr. Stephens became editor and the Herald, its suc- \ncessor, has maintained constantly during its whole history a circulation \nprobably unsurpassed by any country paper in the State. In Decem- \nber, 1872, Mr. Stephens purchased the interest of his partner, Mr. C. \n\n\n\n814 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nP. Anxierson, and has remained sole proprietor to this time. The \npaper Avas increased from eight to nine columns, being 29x44 inches, \nfolio, and has continued that size since. In 1879 the Herald, which,. \nfrom its origin, had been printed on small pica and brevier type,, \nappeared in an entirely new and beautiful dress of long primer and \nbrevier, and has been since that date the handsomest newspaper in \nthe State. The Herald has always had a liberal subscription and \nadvertising patronage. Few papers not of metropolitan pretensions \nare so extensively patronized at home or abroad. In addition to a lib- \neral patronage from its immediate community, it has received annually \nsince under the present management an average of $1,000 worth of \nadvertising from St.Eouis, an achievement no less creditable to the \nHerald as a medium than to the excellent business standing of its \nsection of the State in the evidence thus given the appreciation of it \nabroad. In 1881 Mr. Marcellus Dimmitt, a o-entleman of fine busi- \nness and literary accomplishments, became associate editor of the \nHerald and pays special attention to the advertising department. The \nHerald has probably done more than any other paper in Central Mis- \nsouri to develop the feature of local news in country journalism. \nSome ten years ago county papers in this section contained not one- \ntenth the local news as at present. The Herald opened at once sev- \neral columns of county correspondence, local brevities, personals and \nother items of local news, in which it was soon followed by other pa- \npers of the section until now the local feature is the overshadowing \none of country journalism. The Herald has always been Democratic \nin politics. \n\nTHE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. \n\nThe academies and other graded schools in Columbia that w^ere in \nexistence at an early day are described in the general history. It \nonly remains to speak of the private schools of less pretensions. \nThese were of the character known as subscription schools and were \nattended by small children or those of parents in modest circum- \nstances. The number of these schools between 1820 and 1840 can- \nnot now be computed, nor can the names of the teachers be ascer- \ntained, so as to set\' them down in the order in which they taught. \nThere are yet living in Columbia old men, gray and bald now, who \nwere roguish boy-students at these same schools. \n\nFor many interesting anecdotes of the early schools let the reader \ninterview R. L. Todd, John M. Samuel, Odon Guitar, and James L. \nStephens. Particularly let him call on Gen. Guitar for a narration of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 815- \n\nthe manner in which he wilfully assaulted a schoolmate on one occasion \nand came near putting out his eye, because the aforesaid schoolmate \njeered at " Ode," who was then a prisoner, immured behind the school \nroom door. \n\nIn was not until in the \'50\'s that the public schools of Columbia \namounted to much in the way of educational institutions. The school \nboard rented houses in different quarters of town from time to time. \nEven after the war there was the " Broadway school," the " Mission \nschool," and other schools. In 1871 the old Methodist church, on \nlower Broadway, was purchased and used as a school house for some \ntime. \n\nJanuary 13, 1881, the board of education instructed one of its mem- \nbers, Capt. Jas. A. Adams, to get up plans and estimates for the cost \nof a new school building. February 22d, the board ordered an elec- \ntion to be held on the 5th of April for the purpose of authorizing said \nboard to make a loan to the amount of $12,500 to be used in pur- \nchasing a site, erecting a new school building and furnishing same for \nsaid district at a tax of forty cents on the one hundred dollars. At \nthe same time two sites were presented to the voters at the annual \nelection, to choose from as to fixing the location of the new building. \nOne of these sights was known as the Turner property, containing \nfour acres, which was offered to the board for $2,500. The other was \nthe Dimmitt property, which contained five acres, and was offered for \n$3,250. \n\nThe proposition to build a new house was carried : Ayes, 455 ; na3^s, \n58. For the site known as the Gabriel Turner property, 356. For \nthe sight known as the Fred K. Dimmitt lot, 75. Whole number of \nvotes cast on the loan, 528, of which 352 are two-thirds. Majority for \nloan over the two-thirds, 108. On the question of site the Turner \nproperty, carried by 4 votes over the two-thirds. Therefore the elec- \ntion settled affirmativelv both the loan and site, and the board pro- \nceeded at once to issue bonds for the amount voted, to agree upon a \nplan for the building, and to make a contract for its erection. \n\nThe bonds issued under this authority were sold at par and accrued \ninterest, bringing $12,604.16, which with the money derived from the \nsale of the old school house, amounting to $1,055, raised the build- \ning fund to $13,659.16. Much difficulty was experienced to erect \nwith the means at hand a building at once appropriate, commodious, \nsafe and strong, as $2,500 had been paid, according to vote, for \nthe site alone, and four acres of ground, leaving as available funds \n\n\n\n816 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n$11,159.16. There was spent on the building $11,706.88, overrun- \nning the fund $547.72. \n\nThe building is on an elevated and most beautiful and commanding \nsite in the northern suburbs of the town, overlooking the town on the \nsouth and the adjacent country on all sides. Briefly described, it is \na two-story brick structure, 65 feet front by 70 feet deep, with two \nwings, one north, the other south, 14 by 32 feet. Height of \nbuilding to the square, 35 feet, covered by a shingle roof, \nhipped on all sides (43,000 shingles), and deck and belfry cov- \nered with tin, 28 squares. In the whole building there are 60 large \nwindows with Venetian shutters and three double doors, one at the \nfront or eastern entrance, and one each at the western side of the \nwings, in which are the stairways. On the lower floor of the building \nthere are four recitation rooms 24 by 28 feet, with 14 feet ceMings. \nHallway from front door, 12 feet wide, communicating with the hall- \nway (running north and south between the rooms on the east and \nwest), Avhich is 10 feet wide and 65 feet long. At either end of this \nhall, in a wing of the building, is a platform stairway 4V2 feet wide \ncommunicating with the upper story. On the west side of the upper \nhall are two recitation rooms, 24 by 28 feet, 16 feet ceilings, with a \nlibrary room 12 by 28. On the east side of the hall is the chapel, 28 \nby 65 feet, 16 feet ceiling, two doors and 12 windows. Oiled and \nvarnished yellow-pine wainscoting and patent-mortar blackboards are \nin every room and in the chapel, and each recitation room has a cloak \nand hat room attached. Large coal stove furnaces, a new and highly \napproved patent for which many merits are claimed, warm each room \nand the chapel. All the recitation rooms, and the chapel in part, are \nprovided with the latest improved seats. Surmounting the building \non the east and above the front entrance is a handsome belfry \xe2\x80\x94 the \nwhole building presenting architecturally a symmetrical and com- \nmanding appearance, a fitting monument to the cause of education, an \nhonor to our people and a credit to the builders. \n\nMr. B. McAlester, was the architect. The contract for the whole \nbuilding just as it stands, seats and warming apparatus excepted, was \nlet to A. T. Duncan, James F. Stewart and John Crist, at $11,455, \nMay 24, 1881. The brick, about 565,000, were manufactured and \nlaid by J, D. Fay and Russell Berry; plastering by E. F. Arthur; \npainting by Mosley & Stewart, and roof of tin by Berry & Matthews, \ncontractors, George E. Allgair and W. W. Hornberger doing the \nwork. The building was commenced about the middle of June, and. \n\n\n\n\nCOLUMBIA PUBLIC SCHOOL. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. p 817 \n\nbeing completed and ready for occupancy, was turned over to the \nboard and publicly dedicated on Monday, December 19, 1881. The \nColumbia Statesman oi December 23, 1881, contained a full account \nof the dedicatory ceremonies, from which account it is learned that \nthe dedication took place in the chapel in the presence of the entire \nschool, who with the teachers marched in a body from the old build- \ning on Broadway with music and banners, and a large auditory of citi- \nzens ; the Columbia brass band furnished music for the march and for \nthe dedicatory occasion. \n\nJames A. Adams, president of the board, presided. After a song* \nby the children of the school, two or three hundred in number, prayer \nwas offered by Rev. Dr. Fisher, when Gen. Guitar one of the board \nof education, read a paper turning over the building to the people and \ngiving a summary of the work of the board, its successful accomplish- \nments, etc. Next followed a financial statement by Prof. Schweitzer, \nsecretary. Following this were very appropriate speeches by Presi- \ndent Bryant of Christian College, President Rider of Stephens Col- \nlege, President Laws of the State University and Maj. Rollins, Presi- \ndent of the University Board of Curators. Mr. Adams, chairman of \nthe board of education, then delivered a brief charge and the keys of \nthe building to Prof. Iglehart, principal of schools, who responded in \na befitting manner. After a closing song by the pupils the audience \nwas dismissed, and thus ended another notable day in the history of \nColumbia. \n\nAt present the school contains about 400 pupils. It has six teach- \ners \xe2\x80\x94 Prof. J. J. Iglehart, principal and teacher of the high school \ndepartment; Miss Lizzie Bedford, teacher of the grammar depart- \nment; Miss Alice Banks, teacher of the second intermediate \ndepartment ; Miss Kate Hays, teacher of the first intermediate de- \npartment ; Miss Amanda Lemon, teacher of the second primary \ndepartment ; Mrs. J. J. Iglehart, teacher of the first primary de- \npartment. \n\nThe first board of education of the town of Columbia of which there \nis a record was elected January 4, 1873, and held its first meeting three \ndays later. It was composed of R. H. Clinkscales and W. T. Ander- \nson, who held till September, 1873 ; J. M. Samuel and R. A. Moore, \nwho held till September, 1874, andT. B. Gentry and J. S. Moss, who \nheld till September, 1875. T. B. Gentry was the first president and \nJohn M. Samuel the first secretary. The present board is composed \nof Capt. J. A. Adams, president; Paul Schweitzer, secretary, and \n52 \n\n\n\n\xc2\xa718 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJohn M. Samuel, treasurer. The other members are D. D. Berrv, \nB. A. Watson, and O. Guitar. \n\nTHE COLORED. SCHOOL. \n\nThe first colored school house in Columbia was built in 1866, partly \nby the Freedman\'s Aid Society. The ground on which the building \nstands was donated by the colored church members of Columbia. \nThe building was first erected for a Union church, but was occupied as \na school house from the first. It was originally called Cummings \nAcademy, in honor of its first principal, Prof. Chas. C. Cummings, \nwho had charge of the school for ten years. \n\nThe house has three rooms. No. 1 will seat 100 pupils ; No. 2 seats \n80 ; No. 3 seats 40. There are two rooms on the first floor. Room \nNo. 3 is called the abecedarian department ; No. 2 is the primary de- \npartment ; No. 1 the grammar and intermediate deparfment. There \nare four teachers \xe2\x80\x94 Prof. F. H. Lawther, principal and teacher of the \ngrammar department ; Mrs. Hattie Lawther has charge of the inter- \nmediate department ; Miss Bettie Hoskins has room No. 2, primary \ndepartment ; Miss Jennie Coleman teaches the abecedarians. \n\nThe school ranks as one of the best colored schools in Missouri. The \nrooms are very small, however, and during the last session were very \nmuch crowded. The terms are of the same length as those of the \nmain public schools. In the matter of school privileges the colored \nchildren of Columbia have the same number as the whites. \n\nCHURCHES OF COLUMBIA BAPTIST. \n\nThe Baptist church of Columbia was first organized at the resi- \ndence of old Charles Hardin, November 22, 1823. The original \nmembers were Hutchens Barrett, Wm. Ridgeway, Charles Hardin, \nHannah Hardin, Harriet Goodloe, Abraham N. Foley, Wm. Jewell, \nGeorge Jewell, Mary Jewell, Henry Cave and Hiram C. Phillips. \nFrom 1823 to 1828, services were held at private-houses. From 1828 \nto 1836 the congregation worshipped in the court-house. In 1836 \nWm. Jewell (Baptist) and Moses U. Payne (Methodist) built a church \nwhich was used jointly by the Baptists and Methodists for many \nyears. This church stood where was afterwards John Guitar\'s resi- \ndence, lot 241 of the original town plat. \n\nThe records of this church from 1823 to 1844, and from 1844 to \nApril, 1865, have been lost, and no authentic history can be given \nduring those periods. This much is known, however, that in 1837, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. .819 \n\nwhen the division in the Baptist church occurred on the subject of \nmissions, this church almost unanimously sided with the Missionary \nBaptists. \n\nThe second church building was erected in either 1844 or 1845. \nAlfred Keene was the contractor. This building is still standing on \nthe old public square, just west of the court-house. The site was \ndeeded by the county court. \n\nThe first pastor of the church was Rev, Allen McGuire, who was \nelected in August, 1827, and served until his death, March 31, 1835. \nThen came R, S. Thomas, who served till 1843 ; and after him were \n\nElder Keep, Macy and J. A. HoUis, the latter afterwards the \n\npresident of Baptist College. Rev. H. M. Richardson was pastor \nfrom September 28, 1867, to May 4, 1871. Rev. B. T. Taylor from \nDecember 4, 1871, to December 4, 1872 ; Rev. E. D. Isbell from \nMay, 1873, to June 26, 1876 ; Rev. H. W. Dodge from July 27, 1876, \nto the present time. Rev. Dodge refused a call to this church about \nforty years ago. The preseut membership of this church is 252. \n\nPRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. \n\nFrom a historical sketch in the Columbia Herald, of February 17, \n1876, it is learned that the Presbyterian church of Columbia was \norganized September 14, 1828, by Revs. Wm. P. Cochrane and Thos. \nDurfee, missionaries, who had been sent out to the far West by the \nHome Missionary Society of New York. The constitutional meeting \nwas held at a private residence. The second meeting was held at \nRobert Huston\'s, four miles northeast of Columbia. The original \nmembers were Peter Wright, John Sutton, Elizabeth Sutton, Caro- \nline Wilson, Wm. Pierce, Harriet Pierce, Robert Huston, and per- \nhaps others. \n\nAt the March meeting, 1829, Peter Wright was chosen first dele- \n;gate to the presbytery, then held at St. Charles. September 1, 1829, \nthe membership of the church had increased to twenty-five. A few \ndays after the first meeting Peter Wright and Wm. Pierce were \nchosen the first ruling elders. John Vanhorn and Robert Huston \nwere chosen the first deacons, in the year 1832. The first presby- \ntery was held August 23, 1834, " on the Presbyterian camp ground," \ntwo miles north of Columbia. The first members disciplined were \narraigued February 18, 1830. They were two sisters ( !) "who," \nsaith the record, " common fame says, are not living on terms of \n\n\n\n820 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nChristian friendship." A committee visited them and a reconciliation \nwas effected. \n\nJanuary 1, 1843, a great revival meeting occurred in this church, \ndurino; v\\rhich there were about one hundred additions. The meetins; \nwas conducted by Rev. Isaac Jones, assisted by Revs, W. W. Rob- \nertson and David Coulter. \n\nThe first church building was erected on the northwest corner of \nSixth and Walnut streets, in 1832. It was a brick and cost about \n$1,000. It was an unpretentious affair, and had neither-^teeple nor \nbell. It was afterwards used as a carding mill. The present church, \nwhich stands on the corner of Tenth and Broadway, was built in 1848. \nIt is a brick, and quite a substantial structure. It contains a hand- \nsome pipe organ, which was purchased in February, 1860, at a cost of \n$700. Mr. J. L. Stephens generously paid one-fourth of this cost. \n\nThe following have been the pastors of this church since its organiz- \nation : \n\n1828-33, Wm. P. Cochran; 1833-34, no pastor; 1834-35, F. R. \nGray ; 1835-36, no pastor ; 1836-38, J. L. Yantis ; 1838-40, no pas- \ntor ; 1840-46, Isaac Jones; 1846-48, no pastor; 1848-49, Frank \nHart; 1849-51, James T. Paxton ; 1851-58, N. H. Hall ; 1858-61, \nS. A. Mutchmore; 1861-62, M. M. Fisher; 1864-67, David Coulter, \n1868-70, B. Y. George; 1870-71, no pastor; 1871-76, R. S. Camp- \nbell. \n\nRev. Wilkie is the present pastor. \n\nCHRISTIAN CHURCH. \n\nThis now numerous and flourishing church was organized in 1832,^ \nthe original members being Elizabeth Stone, Stephen Bedford, Eliza- \nbeth Bedford, Joseph Chiles, Elizabeth Ramsey, Susan Robinson, \nJane Robinson, Wm. E. Ready, Catherine Teeter and Robert Teeter. \nTheir first church building was a frame erected in 1841, which served \nas a place of worship through many years of success as a church. In \n1860, the present large brick edifice was erected on lot No. 285, on the \ncorner of Tenth and Walnut streets. The structure is commodious \nand well furnished, and cost $8,000. It was dedicated by Rev. \nMoses E. Lord in January, 1861. The following is a list of the \nnames of pastors that have served the church, from time to time : \nRichard Cave, Marcus P. Wills, Thomas M. Allen, S. S. Church, D. \nPat Henderson, James Shannon, L. B. Wilkes, Joseph K. Rogers,^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 821 \n\nJohn W. Moiintjoy, Albert Myles, O. A. Carr, Richard W. Gentry \nand John W. Mountjoy again who is the present pastor. The present \nmembership numbers 400. The church has its regular weekly meet- \nings, twice each Lord\'s day, holds its prayer-meeting on Wednesday \nevening, supports a Sunday-school, contributes to missionary enter- \nprises at home and abroad, and is especially identified with the \norganization and success of Christian Female College of Columbia, a \nhistory of which is given in this volume. \n\nCATHOLIC CHURCH. \n\nAs early as 1835 mass was celebrated in Columbia by Rev. Father \nLa Fevre, at the residence of John H. Lynch, whose family was the \nonly one of the Catholic faith in the town at the time. Those who at- \ntended from the country were- Cornelius Lynch and family, Mrs. Reed \nand family, the Keiths and the Robinsons, in all not more than 20 \npersons. For many years matters remained in this primitive condition. \nThe members were true to their faith, and long distances were not \nbarriers to their attendance on every occasion where the holy sacrifice \nwas offered. Nor were the laity alone in their zeal. The pioneer \npriests will never be forgotten by those who saw them in the storms \nof winter and in the heat of summer carrvino- the "bread of life" \nfrom one cabin to another throughout the sparsely settled country. \nThey knew no nationality, race or color. Almost without " coat or \nscrip, " they administered the sacraments of the church whenever \nproper and possible and " had souls for their hire. " The names of \nRev. Fathers Alamande, Cusick, Murphy, O\'Brian, O\'Neal, Walsh, \nO\'Shea and McKenna ought never to be forgotten for their great devo- \ntion to religion and the cause of humanity in the early days of Mis- \nsouri. Archbishop Kendrick\'s visit to Columbia, in 1845, gave en- \ncouragement that a church would one day be built, but many years \ncame and went and every one of the first settlers had joined the church \ntriumphant before the structure was erected, and but few of their de- \nscendants have ever seen it. The first attempt at regular services \nwas made by Father C.F. O\'Leary, in 1876. He celebrated massin \nprivate houses until after Bishop Ryan\'s visit in 1877. June 3d, of \nthat year, the bishop himself said massin the court-house. On the \nsame day he delivered the baccalaureate sermon to the students of the \nUniversity ; subject, " Christ as a Model. " From that time until the \ncompletion of the new church, services were held in the court-house. \n\nYears ago the Catholics owned a lot near where the court-house \n\n\n\n822 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nnow stands, on which they designed erecting a churcli some day ; but \nin 1858 the county court condemned this lot for street purposes and \nallowed damages in the sum of $80. No person appearing to claim \nthis money it was converted into the county treasury, where it lay un- \ntil in 1880, when it and the accrued interest, the total sum amounting \nto $180, were paid over to Mrs. Kate Clapp, the duly accredited agent \nof Archbishop Kendrick, and to her the credit is due for the investiga- \ntion which led to the return of this money to the proper hands. In \n1880 Mrs. Clapp, Miss McAfee, H. H. Hagan, and G. M. Baumgart- \nner were authorized to solicit subscriptions for the building of the new \nchurch. August 16th, 1880, work was begun on the building, and \nJune 19th, 1881, the first services therein were held. \n\nThe church stands on the corner of Locust street and Grand avenue, \nColumbia. It is a frame 30x60 feet in size, has a spire seventy-five \nfeet high, and cost when completed, about $2,000. The lot, which is \n125x165 feet in size, cost $400, of which sum Mrs. Clapp paid $200. \nMany of the articles used in the adornment of the altar and in the \nproper furnishing of the church, were contributed by ladies of \nColumbia, of various religious denominations. Many of the Protestant \ncitizens of the town and county gave liberally toward the erection of \nthe church, for which the little Catholic congregation desire it said \nthat they are truly grateful. \n\nIn this connection it is but just to say that to Mrs. Catharine Lynch \nClapp, before mentioned, more credit is due for the building of this \nchurch than to any other person. It was she who secured the greater \nportion of the subscriptions, who superintended, in a great part, the \nconstruction of the building, and saw to its proper furnishing and \nequipment, and who subscribed herself sums of money much beyond \nher means. She is still an active, zealous member of the congrega- \ntion, foremost in every good work. \n\nThe church has had for pastors. Fathers C. F. O\'Leary, W. T. \nStack and John T, Twohey, the present pastor. Services are held \nmonthly. \n\nPractically, the first congregation was organized in 1876, with the \nfollowing members : Mrs. Catharine Lynch Clapp, Peter Horan and \nfamily, Larry Rocheford and family, Chas. O\'Donnell and family, \nThos. Loftus and family, T. Freeman and family, O. Daily and family, \n\xe2\x80\x94 \xe2\x80\x94 Winterhalter and family, and G. M. Baumgartner. Mr. Ed. \nFarley, and Misses Robinson, McAfee and Lunsford have become \nmembers since. The present membership is not far from fifty. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 823 \n\nMETHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH, SOUTH. \n\nThe history of this church in Columbia had to be gleaned from the \nmemory of persons who knew something of the facts, owing to the \nloss and destruction of the records, there being now no other source \nof information. This being the case, errors must of course appear, \nfor which our friends will please make allowance. \n\nIt was organized before the great political split of 1844, the exact \ndate of its organization being unknown, but was prior to 1838. \n\nThe names of some of the original members were : Turner Daniels, \nSamuel Austin and wife, Moses U. Payne and wife, Mrs. Eliza \nMatthews and son, Milon S., and Thomas Phillips and wife. For \nsome time after organization, the congregation worshipped in school \nhouses and private dwellings. The first church was a union or part- \nnership edifice, built of brick, the Baptists uniting funds with the \nMethodists for this purpose. It cost about $2,500. The congrega- \ntion of the two denominations were both small and poor, and Rev. M. \nU.Payne, of the M. E. Church, and Rev. William Jewell, of the \nBaptists, agreed to build, jointly, a house of worship. They occupied \nthe house for service, free from discord, till the erection of another \nhouse. In about 1848, the Methodists built them a brick church at a \ncost of about $3,000. It served as a meeting place for about twenty \nyears. It stood on the south side of West Broadway, and has been \nrecently torn down. In 1870, they began an elegant new church on \nthe north side of east Broadway, which is built of brick and was finish- \ned in 1873, at a cost of $20,000 for lot and building. Just before \ngoing to press with this work, the inside was newly decorated with \nartistic paper-hanging and painting, which makes it now, both inside \nand out, one of the neatest and most comfortable churches in the \ncounty. It was dedicated in 1875, by the late eminent Bishop, E. M. \nMarvin. Columbia and Rocheport were made the same station in \n1842, with Rev. Walter Prescott as pastor for two years. He was \nsucceeded by Wm. A. Rush, for two years, and he by Zachariah \nRoberts, for one year. Revs. Joseph Cotton and P. M. Pinkard came \nnext, the former for one year, and the latter for two. Then, in \nabout 1850, Columbia was put on a large circuit, with Revs. Holt and \nMiller, jointly, on the work for a year. By some it is thought Pink- \nard came on again at this time, but all agree that B. H. Spencer was \nabout that time pastor for two years. After Columbia was made a \nstation of itself, J. S. Todd, two years ; Rev. Cope, one year ; William \n\n\n\n824 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nPenn, one year ; Dr. Johnson, two years ; G. W. Miller, three years ; \nare the pastors that served up to the war. During the civil troubles, \nJames Smith and Dr. De Moss, served one year each. Revs. Taylor, \nGooch and Chapman came next in order, the first and last one year \neach, and the second for two years. The succeeding pastors served, \neach three years, as follows : Jno. D. Vincil, W. H. Lewis, G. W. \nHorn, and H. B. Watson, the latter being in charge at this writing. \n\nIn the o^reat division of 1844, the Columbia cono-regation went with \nthe Southern wing of the church, and have so continued ever since. \nAmong the most noted local preachers of early times, were Moses U. \nPayne and David Fisher, the former being, perhaps, the greatest bene- \nfactor the church ever had, building the "Methodists\' half" of the \nfirst church almost entirely out of his own private means. \n\nDid space permit, the names of the presiding elders and other \nchurch officials would be given, but they must be omitted in a work of \nthis nature. \n\nThe Church at Columbia is in a flourishing condition and now \nnumbers about 170 communicants with an interesting and well \nattended Sabbath school. \n\nEPISCOPAL CHURCH. \n\nCalvary Episcopal church was organized May 25, 1855, with the \nfollowing members : \xe2\x80\x94 Rev. John W. Dunn (missionary), E. N. O. \nClough, Rebecca N. Clough, Thos. C. Phillips, Margaret Phillips, \nRobert Willis and Margaret Willis. The church building was erected \nin 1872, and dedicated December 8 of that year by Rt. Rev. C. F. \nRobertson, D. D., Bishop of Missouri. The building is a frame, and \ncost about $3,000. It stands on lot 209. The pastors of Calvary \nchurch have been : Revs. J. W. Dunn, W. R. Pickman, C. F. Loupe, \nF. R. Holman, J. C. Jackson, R. C. Wall, Dr. C. P. Jennings, W. \nH. Hopkins, Wm. C. Dawson, A. T. Sliarpe and Joseph R. Gray. \nThe present membership is forty-eight. For fifteen years after its \norganization the church struggled along with only from three to five \nmembers. In 1870, however, it took new life, and its condition grad- \nually improved until now (although without a rector) it is out of debt, \nflourishing and prosperous. \n\nCOLORED CHURCHES SECOND BAPTIST. \n\nThis church was organized in the year 1866. Some of the original \ninembers were : Henry Payne, Albert Delno, Thos Johnson, Jack \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 825 \n\nSmith, Henry Oldham, Jane Myers, Polly Hickam, Mary Dorum and \nVina Johnson. The church building was erected in 1873. It is a \nframe, and cost $2,500. It was dedicated in 1879 by Eevs. Edward \nStewart and O. H. Webb. The pastors of this church have been \nE. Wildman, Barton Hillman, Jacob Dulin, D. S. Sawyers, J. H. \nHomesley, E. Stewart, and the present pastor, Eev. A. Johnson. \nIn 1874 the church experienced a severe trial. Unfortunate dissen- \nsions arose, which resulted in a division, a portion of the members \no:oino; over to the A. M. E. church, and some of these are still out. \nFor the last two years, however, a vigorous spirit of prosperity has \nmarked the church\'s career, both spiritually and financially. The \nheavy church debt, so long a grievous burden, has been thrown off \nby payment, and the outlook for the future is cheering indeed. \nPresent membership, 194. \n\nFor the first five or six years of its existence the members of the \nchurch met for worship in the colored public school building. It \nwas mainly due to the untiring efforts of Elder Henry WilUams \nthat the present church was built. \n\nAFRICAN M. E. CHURCH. \n\nSt. Paul\'s A. M. E. church was organized in the old Sidney Max- \nfield blacksmith shop, in the month of February, 1867, by Kev. E. \nM. Doan, then presiding at Jefferson City. Some of the original \nmembers were : Caleb and Mary Bledsoe, C. H. and Ann Boyle, \nDennis and Mary Lawrence, Lavinia Moss, Thornton and Ann Webb, \nRebecca Rollins and about twenty others. June 10, 1868, the pres- \nent church building was erected, H. N. Mclntyre, pastor. It was \ndedicated in 1871 by Rev. I. N. Triplett. The building stands on \nthe corner of Fourth and Ash Streets, and cost about $2,500. Since \nits organization the church has had the following pastors: 1867, H. \nN. Mclntyre, pastor; 1868, T. A. Smith, one year; 1869, Schuyler \nWashington, one year ; 1870, I. N. Triplett, one year ; 1872, W. B. \nOusler, three years ; 1875, R. Ricketts, two years ; 1877, G. W. \nGaines, three years; 1878, J. M. Wilkerson, two years; 1880, W. \nH. Sexton, present pastor. The present membership of the church \nis two hundred and eio-ht. \n\nSECOND CHRISTIAN CHURCH. \n\nThe Second Christian church of Columbia was organized in 1872, \nl)y Rev. Burrel Baskett. Some of the original members were : H. \n\n\n\n826 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nWilliams and wife, EliasNorris and wife, Louisa, Delphina and Mintie \nLange, and Rosa Kimbrough. There were about forty members in \nall. The church building stands on Ash Street, lot 371. It was \nbuilt in 1879, and is a comfortable frame building. The house and \ngrounds cost about $1,200. The church was dedicated in May, 1879, \nby Elder O. A. Carr \xe2\x80\x94 A. B. Miller, pastor \xe2\x80\x94 in presence of Elders \nJ. D. Orr, E. F. Henderson and Burrel Baskett. Rev. Burrel Baskett \nwas the first pastor, serving from 1872 to 1878. A. B. Miller served \nfrom October, 1878, to September, 1879, during which period the \nchurch was built. The next year, owing to its indebtedness, the \nchurch was without a pastor. In October, 1880, Elder E. F. Hen- \nderson, the present pastor was elected. The present membership of \nthe church is about seventy-five. \n\nSECEET ORDERS^ A. F. AND A. M. \n\nTwilight Lodge (Masonic) was organized June 28th, 1866, and the \nfollowing officers duly installed : James C. Orr, W. M. ; F. D. Evans, \nS. W. ; John W. Carlisle, J. W. ; W. H. Gilman, S. D. ; Jesse A. \nHollis, J. D. ; Alex, Robinson, Sec; John P.Horner, treasurer^ \nR. J. Booth, tyler. Brothers present on this occasion : W. T, Le- \nnoir, J, M, Samuel, R, Maddox, Robt, Beasley, At this meeting \ncommittees were appointed to provide the necessary furniture for \nlodge and to make contract with lodge of Good Templars then meet- \ning here for the use of their hall, \n\nJune 7, 1867, furniture and fixtures for hall were purchased, at an \nexpense of about $500, This organization continued with marked and \nrapid success until November 5th, 1867, when R, W. John D, Vincil (P. \nG, M.) was deputized to dedicate the hall and install the officers of \nTwilight Lodge 114, which was done in public, at the Baptist church, \nin the morning, dinner being had at the Virginia Hotel, the day being \nobserved as a holiday and devoted to Masonic work. The following \nlist of officers were the first duly elected in the lodge : F, D, Evans, \nW, M, ; Well, T. Maupin, S, W. ; E, W, Herndon,"j, W, ; John C. \nConley, S, D, ; R, J. Booth, J, D. ; J, Theo. Fifer, Sec. ; I, O. Hocka- \nday, Treas., since which time the following have served the lodge \nas W. M., some more than one term : J. C. Orr, Oren Root, Jr., J.. \nM. Samuel, W, T, Lenoir, James A. Adams, D, D, Berry, W, W. \nGarth, W, T, Anderson and A, T, Duncan, \n\n\n\n1 Derived from the Columbia Statesman of January 14, 1881, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 827 \n\n\n\nE. A. CHAPTER NO. 17. \n\n\n\nColumbia Eoyal Arch Chapter was organized June 19th, 1867, by \nW. W. Robinson, P. H. P., with the following as officers: O. Root, \nJr., H. P. ; James C. Orr, E. K. ; B. McAlester, E. S. ; J. Theo. \nFyfer, P. S. ; F. D. Evans, C. H. ; J. C. Conley, R. A. C ; H. W. \nMyer, M., 3d Veil ; C. J. Austin, M., 2d Veil ; E. W. Herndon, M., \n1st Veil; W. H. Gilman, Sec. ; J. M. Samuel, Treas The Chapter \nwas duly chartered as No. 17, October 10th, 1867, and the officers \nduly elected and installed November 4th, 1867, by Martin Collins, \nGrand High Priest. The Chapter increased rapidly in numbers, \nand had on its rolls many of the leading and most influential citizens \nof this and adjoining towns, including the names of McBride, Hollis, \nBiggs and others, who are now among the dead. The following have \nofficiated as High Priest of the Chapter: O. Root, Jr., E. W. Hern- \ndon, Well. T. Maupin, Jas. A. Adams, W. W. Garth, O. Davis, \nD. L. Batterton. \n\nST. GRAAL COMMANDERY NO. 12. \n\nOrganized under dispensation, June 1st, 1869, with the following \ncharter members: O. Root, Jr., E. H. Peck, R. W. Johnson,, J. \nTheo. Fyfer, E. C. More, F. B. Young, E. C. Shortridge, R. J. \nBooth, J. G. Norwood, Dep. Gr. Com. J. D. Vincil. Chartered Oc- \ntober 5th, 1869. October 28th, 1869, first officers elected after char- \nter was granted : O. Root, E. C. ; J. M. Samuel, Gen. ; J. C. Orr, \nCapt. Gen. ; E. C. More, prelate ; F. B. Young, Sr. Warden ; R. J. \nBooth, Jr. Warden ; I. O. Hockaday, Treas. ; J. Theo. Fyfer Rec. ; \nM. Bateman, sword bearer ; W. T. Shock, standard bearer ; W. W. \nGarth, warden. \n\nODD FELLOWS. \n\nColumbia Lodge (I. O. O. F.), No. 207, was instituted at Colum- \nbia, Missouri, on the 22d day of April, 1869, by D. D. G. M. William \nCrump, of Boone Lodge No. 121, by authority of the R. W. Grand \nLodge of Missouri, with the following charter members : S. Frankford, \nF. Mayfield, Wm. Livingston, P. Hubbard, J. W. Kneisley and \nThomas McCormack. The lodge started with the following officers \nfor first term : P. Hubbard, N. G. ; J. W. Kneisley, V. G. ; Robert \nC. Dyson, secretary ; George M. Baumgartner, treasurer. Five ini- \ntiations first night. Receipts of evening, $113. There have been \none hundred and twenty initiations since the lodge was organized. \n\n\n\nS28 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nPresent membership, sixty-five. There have been eighteen deaths \nout of the number initiated. Cash on hand, $2,300. \n\nLEE ENCAMPMENT NO. 74, I. O. O. F., \n\nWas duly instituted by P. C. P. J. W. Peach, D. D. G. P., by author- \nity of the M. W. Grand Patriarch of Missouri, at Columbia, Missouri, \non the 26th day of February, 1874, with the following duly qualified \npatriarchs as charter members : J. W. Kneisley, J. E. Larkin, J. W. \nFicklin, J. P. Mullen, W. P. Boothe, Fred. Mayfield and Frank \nThomas. The following are the first ofiicers : J. E. Larkin, C. P. ; \nJ. W. Kneisley, H. P. ; W. P. Boothe, S. W. ; J. W. Ficklin, J. W. ; \nFrank Thomas, scribe; F. Mayfield, treasurer. Seven additions the \n\nfirst night. \n\nI. o. G. T. \n\nBanner Lodge, I. O. G. T., No. 180, was organized Sunday night, \nF"\'ebruary 9, 1879, in Presbyterian church, by J. J. Hickman, P. K. \nW. G. T. of the world, by the election of the following officers : T. \nB. Gentry, W. C. T. ; Mrs. Mattie Bates, W. V. T. ; Kev. H. W. \nDodge, worthy chaplain ; F. E. Dimmitt, recording secretary ; Mrs. \nC.B. Wells, W. A. S. ; Mrs. J. L. Matthews, treasurer; Gordon \nGarnett, financial secretary ; Scott Hayes, marshal ; Miss Kate Rider, \nA. M. ; Miss Fannie C. Rogers, I. G. ; Samuel H. Baker, O. G. ; W. \nT. Waters, P. W. C. T. The number of charter members was between \n\ntwo and three hundred. \n\nA. o. u. w. \n\nBoone Lodge, No. 77, Ancient Order of United Workmen, w^as or- \nganized September 24, 1873, by John A. Brooks, Mexico district dep- \nuty, with the following as charter members : A. T. Garth, James M. \nBoswell, James F. Stewart, D. P. Richards, Frank Thomas, J. Sam. \nMoss, W. W. Batterton, W. F. Hodge, George M. Bearing, Dr. W. \nT. Maupin, Eli Hodge, G. M. McConaughey, W. I. Roberts, O. Davis, \nJ. R. Campbell, J. C. Hall, E. L. Dimmitt, W. W. Garth, Dr. G. S. \nMorse, J. H. Potts, Dr. A. W. McAlester, Dr. W. E. Stone \xe2\x80\x94 22. \nThe first officers were : D. P. Richards, P. M. W. ; W. W. Garth, M. \nW. ; J. C. Hall, G. F. ; Frank Thomas, O. ; A. T. Garth, guide ; E. \nL. Dimmitt, recorder; W. F. Hodge, financier; J. S. Moss, receiver ; \nG. F. McConaughey, F. W. ; J. R. Campbell, O. W. ; Dr. W. T. Mau- \npin, M. E. ; Eli Hodge, W. W. Batterton and Dr. W. E. Stone, \ntrustees. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 829 \n\nKNIGHTS OF HONOR. \n\n" Prudentia " Lodge, No. 1919, K. of H., was organized on Wednes- \nday night, December 10, 1879, by Deputy Grand Dictator W. A. Hal- \nstead, of St. Louis, who had been in Columbia several days canvassing \nthe interest of the Knights of Honor, and by the courtesy of the \nKnights of Pythias, several meetings were held in their hall, resulting \nin the organization of "Prudentia" Lodge, K. of H., on Wednesday \nnight, December 10, 1879, with the following as charter members: \nDr. W. E. Stone, Fred. Bihr, A. I. Fentem, Dr. G. W. Eiggins, L. \nE. Eshart, Irvin Switzler, Dr. W. T. Maupin, W. H. Thomson, G. W. \nMcConaughey, Dr. E. W. Herndon, Eev. J. R. Gray, P. J. Barron, \nElder N. Hockensmith, Josiah W. Stone, Eli Hodge, R. E. Kirtley, \nProf. Paul Schweitzer. The following were chosen and duly installed \nas officers for the term ending in June following: Dictator, E.W. \nHerndon ; vice-dictator, P. Schweitzer ; assistant dictator, G. W. \nRiggins ; reporter, Irvin Switzler ; financial reporter, W. E. Stone ;. \ntreasurer, Eli Hodge; chaplain, Rev. Joseph R. Gray; guide, G. M. \nMcConaughey; guardian, R. E. Kirtley; sentinel, Fred. Bihr; past \ndictator Elder N. Hockensmith ; trustees, J. W. Stone, G. M. McCon- \naughey, P. J. Barron ; medical examiner. Dr. W. T. Maupin. \n\nDIRIGIMUS LODGE, NO. 37, K. OF P., \n\nWas instituted May 12, 1875, by B. P. Swygard, of Kansas City, as- \nsisted by members of Moberly and Kansas City lodges, with the fol- \nlowing charter members : A. O. Runyan, J. R. Holmes, J. R. Phillips, \nE. B. Hays, G. M. McConaughey, T. L. Donovan, Win. Alexander, \nD. O. Mahoney, E. H. Peck, A. R. Martin, J. A. Thom, F. M. Peck, \nVictor Barth, A. J. Harbinson, J. L. Graham, R. C. Rogers, W. B \nKelliher, J. D. Bowser, O. P. Peck, C. E. Seplart, G. T. Mason ; only \nseven of whom are now members, namely ; A. O. Runyan, J. R. Phil- \nlips, G. M. McConaughey, F. M. Peck, Victor Barth, Wm. Alexander \nand J. D. Bowser. After the lodge was instituted, the following offi- \ncers were installed : A. O. Runyan, P. C. ; J. R. Holmes, C. C. ; J. \nR. Phillips, V. C. ; E. B. Hays, P. ; J. L. Donovan, M. of E. ; G. \nM. McConaughey, M. of F. ; W. B. Kelliher, K. of R. S. ; F. H. \nPeck, M. of A. ; R. C. Rogers, I. G. ; J. A. Thom, O. G. \n\n[For further historical matter pertaining to the history of the town \nof Columbia, the reader is referred to the general history.] \n\n\n\n-830 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nBIOGRAPHIES. \nCAPT. JAJMES A. ADAMS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Robert and Margaret (Bowie) \nAdams, of Scotland, in which country he was born November 23, 1833 ; \nhe came to the United States in 1848, and settled at Canton, Massa- \nchusetts, where he was educated, attending the public schools of that \ncity. He afterwards learned the carpenter\'s trade, at a town called \nMaynard, in that State. He came to Boone county, Missouri, in 1858, \nand formed a partnership with M. M, Bixby for contracting and build- \ning. They built the mansion now owned and occupied by Gen. Guitar. \nAt the breaking out of the war they dissolved partnership. Mr. Adams \nenlisted as a private in Company B, Ninth Missouri cavalry, com- \nmanded by Gen. Odon Guitar. When the company was finally \norganized he was elected first lieutenant, and was afterwards promoted \nto the position of captain. He had his leg and collar bone broken in \na surprise while in pursuit of bushwhackers ; his horse became un- \nmanageable and dashed against a tree, injuring him as above stated. \nAfter coi^valescing he was made provost marshal, with headquarters \nin the president\'s mansion. University campus. His company was \nordered to St. Joseph, Missouri, in 1864, and he was appointed a mem- \nber of Gen. risk\'s staff, with duties pertaining to the ordnance of that \ndepartment. He was mustered out of service at the close of the war, \nand remained in St. Joseph until 1867, when he returned to Boone \ncounty, where he has lived ever since. He is a member of the firm of \nBroughton & Adams, manufiicturers and dealers in wagons, plows and \nagricultural implements. They have a large and constantly growing \nbusiness \xe2\x80\x94 the largest of the kind perhaps in the State outside of St. \nLouis. They make repairing of machinery a specialty. They have a \nforty-horse engine and a sixty-horse boiler. They average one hun- \ndred wagons a year. Besides the making of wagons, they prepare \nmaterial for a vast deal more than they manufacture outright. This \nmaterial is shipped to Kansas, Colorado, and Iowa. This timber is all \nprocured in Boone county. They employ twenty hands the year round \nin their shops, besides a number of people in the country who are en- \nofaofedin orettins out and haulino; timber to be worked into wagon stuff \nat their shop. This shop is the largest industry in Boone county. \nCapt. Adams lives on a nice little fruit farm of twenty acres near town, \nwith a beautiful hedge in front, presenting to the passer-by a neat and \ncosy prospect. He is president of the school board of Columbia, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 831 \n\nwhich position he has held for several years ; he is a member of the \nMasonic order, and has been master of the lodge for three terms. He \nwas married January 8, 1864, to Miss Kate, daughter of Andrew and \nMaryLuken. By this union they have four sons and two daughters. \n\nJOHN WILLIAM AMMONS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of John L. and Mary Pace \n(Irvin) Ammons, and was born near Kichmond, Madison county, \nKentucky, February 5th, 1818. His father emigrated to Missouri in \nOctober, 1822. They lived about four years in Montgomery county, \nwhere his wife, the mother of John W., died. John W. and the \nnext oldest boy lived with a gentleman named Baker for about three \nyears, and then went to Old Franklin, Howard county, where their \nfather had preceded them. In September, 1835, John W. went to \nFulton, Callaway county, and commenced to learn the cabinet maker\'s \ntrade. In February, 1836, he returned to New Franklin and worked \nat the trade he had commenced to learn. His sight becoming im- \npaired, he abandoned the idea of learning a trade, and went to work \nupon the farm of Simeon Switzler. He next went to Rocheport and \nworked for a short time at the carpenter\'s trade ; then removed to \nFayette and assisted in rebuilding Central College which had burned. \nBy an accident, upon the 21st day of April, 1842, he broke his leg, \ncaused by a falling scaffold, and was unfitted for regular work for six \nyears. He then taught and went to school alternately until April 1st, \n1848, when he went to the Indian manual labor school, about seven \nmiles from where Kansas City was afterwards built. He started to \nCalifornia, but stopped at Kansas City, and assisted in building the \nfirst grist mill ever put up in that city. He next opened an extensive \nlumber yard in the city, and prospered finely for a few years, when \nfailing to make collections to meet his large obligations, he lost every- \nthing under the sheriff\'s hammer. He was elected a member of the \ncity council in 1855, and was elected its president upon its organiza- \ntion. The mayor resigning, Mr. Ammons became ex-officio mayor \nuntil he ordered a new election to fill the vacancy. He was mayor of \nKansas City during the turbulent times of the border troubles, and did \nmuch to prevent open rupture between the factions. He opposed \nsecession as a matter of policy, but never doubted the right of a State \nto withdraw from the Union. He went to Chicago during the war, as \nhe was lame and not fit for military duty, and worked at his trade \nseveral years, then returned to Missouri. His handiwork is seen \n\n\n\n832 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nupon many of the large buildings of Kansas City, Fulton and Colum- \nbia, and of late years he has done only light work at his trade. He \nhas invented several useful articles, among which is a revolving book- \nrack. He has been married three times. The first time to Miss \nJulia Franklin, of Howard county, June 30th, 1846. The second \ntime to Miss Isabel Kelsoe, of Decatur county, Iowa, on the 23d of \nMarch, 1864. She died September 28th, 1865. The last time he \nwas married to Miss Mary E. Herndon, of Boone county. Mr. Am- \nmons has had an eventful life, few men having had the experiences \nand seen the changes he has. He is still in possession of his faculties \nand enjoys the confidence and respect of all. \n\nAVILLIAM THOMAS ANDERSON. \n\nThe parents of William T. Anderson, Benjamin and Sarah (West- \nlake) Anderson, are natives of Virginia, but for many years citizens \nof Boone county, Missouri. The subject of this sketch was born in \nHoward county, November 24, 1842. He was educated at the pub- \nlic schools, completing his studies at the Missouri State University. \nDecember 8, 1868, he was married to Miss Bettie, daughter of John \nF. and Sarah (Gordon) Baker. By this union they have three chil- \ndren, Dorsey, ClilFord and James P. Mr. Anderson followed the \ngrocery business from 1862 to 1869, under the firm name of Ander- \nson, Garth & Co. After quitting the mercantile business in 1869, he \nfollowed the milling business, as one of the firm, owning and operat- \ning the Columbia mills. At present, however, he is principally en- \ngaged in buying and selling grain. He has been very prominently \nidentified with the business interests of Columbia, and has held vari- \nous municipal positions. He has been actively engaged in business \nsince early manhood, and has prospered in all his undertakings. He \nowns a nice farm of 143 acres, and residence, one mile north of town, \non the Mexico road. He has been a member of the Boone county \nDemocratic central committee for the last two years ; he is a Mason, \nalso a member of the Methodist church. Mrs. Anderson is a member \nof the same church. The reader will find additional mention of Mr. \nAnderson\'s business relations elsewhere in this volume. \n\nBENJAMIN M. ANDERSON \n\nIs the son of Benjamin and Sarah (Westlake) Anderson, and was \nborn in Columbia, December 4, 1854. He went to school in Colum- \nbia until he was fourteen years old, when his father moved to Callaway \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 833 \n\ncounty and engaged in farming. Young Anderson worked on the farm \nuntil he was eighteen, when he came hack to this city in 1872 and took \na clerkship in the drug store of Oilman & Dorsey, for whom he worked \nfour mouths, giving entire satisfaction. He then took another and \nmore profitable clerkship in the dry goods house of A. S. Campbell, \nwhich position he held three years ; then in same capacity for Fyfer,, \nTrimble & Laforce for some years. Feeling that he was competent to \ncarry on business for himself, he, in partnership with James A. Kini- \nbrough, embarked in the stock business and in selling general mer- \nchandise at Stephens\' store, in Callaway county. In 1880 he and his \npartner came to Columbia and engaged in the livery business, which \nthey continue to the present time. Mr. Anderson is regarded as one \nof the staunch business men of the city, and is courteous and gentle- \nmanly to all, plainly showing his Virginia ancestry. He is a member \nof the lodge of Knights of Pythias, The firm deal in horses, mules, \nand cattle, and are reaping the reward of attention to business \nandhonesty in dealings that such gentlemen deserve. They do a \nleading business, and their stables are a part of Boone\'s boasted \nand necessary institutions. \n\nCALVIN .1. AUSTIN. \n\nCalvin J. Austin, son of Eansom S. and Agnes (Gregory) Austin^ \nwas born in Halifax county, Virginia, October 1st, 1823. When six \nyears old, his parents removed to Pearson county, North Ctl^rolina. \nFor the next sixteen years they lived in this and the adjoining county \n(Caswell), during which time Mr. Austin learned the tailor\'s trade at \na town called Milton, in Caswell county, serving an apprenticeship of \nfour years. In 1845 he came to Prairieville, Pike county, Missouri, \nwhere he opened a tailor\'s shop under the firm name of Warmic & \nAustin. Eemained there until 1847, when he enlisted in the Mexican \nwar, joining Company E, Third regiment, Missouri cavalry. Was \nmustered into service at Independence, Missouri, June 7th, 1846. \nWas in the battle of Vera Cruz, March 16th, 1847, and was mustered \nout of service at Independence in December, 1847. Returning to \nPrairieville, he resumed his former occupation, remaining in that \nplace one year. In the spring of 1850 he came to Columbia, \nMissouri, and established himself in business under the firm name of \nNutt & Austin. In the autumn of 1853 his partner died, and the \nspring following he took W. H. Tellery as a partner. In 1856 he \nsold his interest in the business, and, with John W. Watson, went \n53 \n\n\n\n834 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ninto the saw and grist mill business, four miles south of Ashland. \nFollowed this business for one year, when they sold out and removed \nto St. Louis, where they rented a small farm of seventy-five acres, \nand engaged in raising vegetables for the city market. Ran this \nbusiness one year. Returned to Columbia and, in partnership with \nWatson, opened a store of fancy groceries. They conducted this \nbusiness until 1863, when Mr. Austin sold his interest to his partner, \nand entered the mill of R. H. Smith, where he learned practical \nmilling. He commenced as a work-hand, receiving twenty-five \ndollars per month, and worked up until he now holds the position of \nhead-miller of the Columbia Milling Company, which has a capacity \nof one hundred and fifty barrels of flour per day. Mr. Austin was \nmarried. May 3d, 1861, to Miss Parmelia, daughter of James and \nMartha (Hulen) Duncan. They have two sons, Frank D. and \nWilliam A. Mr. Austin is a member of the Masonic and Good \nTemplar orders. He and his wife are both members of the Christian \nchurch. \n\nREV. BARNABAS BAKER. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of John and Ann (Canfield) \nBaker. He was born in Alfriston, county of Sussex, England, July \n:26th, 1817, and was reared and educated in England, where he also \nlearned the trade of a shoemaker, serving an apprenticeship under his \nbrother, John Baker. He came to America in 1843, and first settled \nat Jefferson City, Missouri, removing the year following to Callaway \n\xe2\x80\xa2county, where* he remained until 1845, when he returned to Jefferson \nCity. His next move was to Franklin county, where he taught school \nfor one year. The next two years were spent at St. Charles county. \nIn the spring of 1848 he moved to Boone county, and settled near \nAshland, where he was engaged to teach school. Spent one year in \nthat locality, removing in 1849 to Providence, Boone county, where \nhe worked at his trade. In the spring of 1851 he moved to Columbia, \n:and has lived there ever since. In 1850 he was engaged by the \nAmerican Tract Society, and has been with them ever since. He has \nalso acted as agent for the Boone County Bible Society since 1851, \nand since that time he has circulated some seven or eight hundred \nthousand Bibles and religious books. He also preaches when called \nlupon to do so. He is now president and treasurer of the executive \nboard of the Little Bonne Femme Association, which position he has \nheld for three years. Mr. Baker was married June 28th, 1838, at the \nBaptist Church, in Lewis, county of Sussex, England, to Miss Leath, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 835 \n\ndaughter of Henry and Jane A. (Hope) Smith. They have had five \nchildren, two sons and three daughters : Mary A., Hattie (deceased), \nWilh\'am K. (deceased), Elizabeth J. and Samuel H., who is one of \nthe firm of Trimble, Fyfer & Co. He was educated at the Baptist \nCollege and State University. In 1866 he commenced clerking for \nT. B. Gentry, and remained with him for two years. In December, \n1868, he went in with J. R. Garth & Co., and was in the grocery \nbusiness until January, 1880, when he entered the store of Trimble, \nFyfer & Co. as a clerk. In 1881 he became a partner in the business. \nHe is a member of the Baptist Church and a Good Templar. He is \nan excellent business man, and has won the confidence and esteem of \nthe entire community. He has a bright future before him, and \ndeserves no less. \n\nJOHN F. BAKER \n\nWas born in Norfolk, Virginia, August 1st, 1824. He is the son of \nSylvester and Elsey Baker, both natives of Virginia. When he was a \nchild only a few years old they moved to the plain where the city of \nNashville now stands. Thev settled on eightv acres of land where the \ncity now stands. They remained there a short time and then came to \nSt. Louis county and after a few months moved to Montgomery coun- \nty. Mo., and settled on the Loutre and built a mill a quarter of a mile \nbelow the plain where Capt. Callaway was killed by the Indians at the \njunction of Dry Fork and Loutre. In connection with the mill Mr. \nBaker had a cotton o-in and inhaling- the lint was the cause of his death, \nwhich occurred about five or six years after he settled in Montgomery \ncounty. He was judge of the county court at the time of his death. \nJohn F. was at that time about nine years old. Mrs. Baker lived about \ntwenty years after the death of her husband ; she died at Danville, \nMontgomery county, about 1850, at the age of eighty-one years. \nThey were both members of the Methodist church. John F. Baker \nlived in Mongomery county about ten years after the death of his \nfather. In 1845 he came to Columbia and was engaged as a salesman \nin the employ of Wm. H. Bass. In 1847 and 1848 he was deputy \nsheriff under Chas. C. Maupin. He was married in 1848 to Miss \nSarah Ann Gordon, daughter of George M. Gordon, of Columbia. \nBy this union there were four children \xe2\x80\x94 .Tames M., Bettie, Odonand \nSallie. Odon died in infancy, all the others live in Columbia. James \nM. is a member of the Columbia Millino; Co. Bettie is the wife of \nWm. T. Anderson. Mrs. Baker died in 1861 and is buried at Colum- \nbia. Mr. Baker was in mercantile business from 1848 until the break- \n\n\n\n836 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nin^ out of the war. He was sutler of the 9th Missouri cavalry dur- \nino- the war. In 1865 he was elected sheriff of Boone county and held \nthe office two years. He then went to St. Louis and lived there seven \nyears. He sold goods on the road and collected money for several \nfirms throughout the South and West during that time. In 1875 he \ncame back to Columbia, where he has since resided. He was a mem- \nber and chairman of the board of trustees of Columbia for several \nyears. He is now street commissioner. Mr. Baker is now working \nup a new enterprise in the way of an establishment for canning fruits, \nvegetables, etc. He has only put up comparatively small quantities, \nbut has been very successful so far. His intention is to organize a \nstock company and open the business on a large scale. He uses the \nprocess employed by the Oneida community of New York. \n\nJ. W. BANKS, M. D. \n\nDr. J. W. Banks is a native of Tennessee, having been born in Sum- \nner county of that State, September 26th, 1835. In 1836 his father \nremoved to Missouri, settling at Tebo Grove, Lafayette county, where \nthe subject of this sketch was reared. He attended Dr. Yantis\' Insti- \ntute, at Brownsville, Saline county, Missouri, and the State University, \ngraduating in 1855. He then read medicine under Dr. Hudson, of \nKentucky, and graduated as M. D. from Jefferson Medical College, \nPhiladelphia, in 1857. He then returned to Missouri and located in \nLafayette county, where he practiced his profession until 1861, when \nhe returned to Tennessee and enlisted in the Confederate army as \nsurgeon of the 2d Tennessee regiment, with which he remained until \nthe close of the war. He was at Sl;iloh, Murfreesborough, Chick- \namauga, Mission Eidge, Resaca, Dallas, New Hope, Kenesaw, At- \nlanta, Jonesboro, Franklin, Nashville, Bentonville and many other \nengagements of less note. He removed the body of Gen. Polk from \nthe battlefield at Kenesaw Mountains, and surrendered with Gen. Joe \nJohnston. At the close of the war he went to Texas, where he prac- \nticed medicine until 1869, when he returned to Missouri, and in 1872 \ncame to Columbia, where he has remained ever since in the active dis- \ncharge of his professional duties. Dr. Banks was married in 1866 to \nSallie Luckett, of Pettis county, a native of Kentucky and a niece of \nCol. McGoffia, a distinguished Confederate officer. They have five \nchildren, all living. Their names are William M., John S., Anna Mc- \nGoffin, Luther L. and Hiram Franklin. Mrs. Banks is a member of \nthe Presbyterian church. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 837 \n\nWILLIAM HAYDEN BASS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a son of Eli E. and Margaret M. (John- \nson) Bass, and was born January 18th, 1836, in Boone county on \nwhat is now known as the Bass homestead. He received his education \nat the State University and chose farming and stock raising as his oc- \ncupation. He deals largely in shorthorn cattle and mules, shipping \nmany mules to Mississippi and Louisiana. He was the originator of \nthe Ashland stock sales, which take place the first Saturday in every \nmonth, sales running from $1,750 to $6,000. He has been a director \nof the Boone county agricultural and mechanical association for the \npast ten years, and during the years of 1880 and 1881 he was its pres- \nident. He is a member of the Ancient Order of United Workmen. \nHe was married September 11th, 1858, to Miss Irene, daughter of \nWm. and Mary (Trueman) Hickman. By this union they have eight \nchildren, seven boys and one girl, all living. In May, 1882, he \nmoved into Columbia to have better educational facilities for his \nchildren. His eldest son, Everett E , will graduate from the Uni- \nversity in 1883. He has a fine residence in a pleasant location on \nBroadAvay, east end. Mr. Bass is one of Boone\'s most thrifty, \nenterprising business men, and takes an interest in whatever will \n\nadvance her material welfare. \n\nI \n\nJ. & V. BARTH. \n\nJ. & V. Barth, the well-known proprietors of the Star clothing \nhouses of Columbia and Mexico, Missouri, are brothers. They were \nborn in Rhenish Prussia. Victor, the youngest of the firm, was \nborn January 4th, 1850, and was educated both in German and* \nHebrew. When fifteen years old he left his native land for America, \nlanding first in Philadelphia. From that city he came to Columbia \nin 1866. He engaged in clerking for a while, then peddled, selling \ngeneral merchandise from house to house, travelling on horseback. \nIn the spring of 1868, in company with his brother Joseph, opened \nthe Star clothing house, on Broadway, where he has remained ever \nsince. Victor Barth was married August 23d, 1876, to Miss Nettie \nBarth, daughter of Moses Barth, of Rocheport. They have one \nchild, Irvin Victor, born November, 1877. Mr. Barth is a Royal \nArch Mason, a K. of P., and a member of A. O. U. W. In April, \n1880, the Barth Brothers opened a branch store at Mexico, Missouri. \nJoseph Barth has charge of this establishment. They carry a very \n\n\n\n838 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlarge stock of ready-made clothing, and are doing a good business, \nVictor Barth has in his employment a corps of competent and cour- \nteous salesmen, among whom is Mr. Clyde Cunningham, who has \nbeen with him for seven years. He has also two of his younger \nbrothers, Solomon and Moses. \n\nWM. W. BATTERTON. \n\nWilliam Wallace Batterton was born in Boone county, August 11th, \n1833. He is the son of Lemuel and Mary (Lynch) Batterton, and \nhis father was one of the first settlers of Boone county, coming here \nfrom Kentucl^y in 1820. Mr. Batterton received his education in the \ncommon schools of Boone county and at the University. After leav- \ning school he followed teaching for about seven years, farming at inter- \nvals. In 1859 Mr. Batterton was elected School Commissioner, being \nthe first elected to that office in this county. He was removed from \noffice in 1861 because of his refusal to take the " Gamble oath." In \n1867 he was again elected school commissioner, and served one \nterm. In the fall of 1874, he was elected county clerk of Boone \ncounty ; he was re-elected in 1878. His record while in office is an \nexcellent one, and one of which he may well be proud. \n\nDuring the civil war Mr. Batterton\' s sympathies were more or less \nwith the Confederates. He was for a time, during the first year of \nthe struggle, in McKinney\'s company of the Missouri State Guards. \nHe returned home upon the expiration of his term in the State ser- \nvice, and took no further active part in the war of his own free will. \nAt the " Gosline Lane fight," in this county, in September, 1864, \n(see account elsewhere) Mr. Batterton was badly wounded. He had \n\'been pressed into the service by the Federals to drive his team from \nSturgeon to Rocheport, and was shot down by one of Todd\'s bush- \nwhackers when the attack began. Mr. B.\'s wound was through the \nright shoulder, and w|p made by a bullet from a heaivy dragoon re- \nvolver. His life was spared only by the intervention of John Thrail- \nkill, who commanded one company of the guerrillas on this occasion. \n\nAngus* 31st, 1859, Mr. Batterton married Miss Mary Winn, of \nthis county. Their union has been blessed with twelve children, \nnine of whom are still living. Mr. B. is a member of the Baptist \nChurch. He is also a member of the following secret orders : Ma- \nsonic \xe2\x80\x94 Blue Lodge and Chapter; Odd Fellows \xe2\x80\x94 Subordinate and \nEncampment ; Knights of Pythias and Ancient Order of United \nWorkmen. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 839 \n\nWILLIAM J. BABB. \n\nThe father of the subject of this sketch, Rev. R. F. Babb, was a \nprominent Baptist minister of South Carolina, of which State he was \na native, born October 26th, 1816. He married Miss Virginia A. \nCooper, also a native of the Palmetto State, born October 8th, 1822. \nIn December, 1858, Rev. R. F. Babb, with his wife and six children, \nremoved from Abbeville district, S. C, to Audrain county, Mo. From \nthence he came to Boone ; then back to Audrian, and finally, in 1872, \nlocated in Columbia. His children consisted of five sons and one \ndaughter, viz. : Joseph C. Babb (since deceased), Wm. J. Babb, \nJames F. Babb (since deceased), Henry B. Babb, Jerry Gr. Babb, and \nEugie P. Babb. \n\nWm. J. Babb, the second son named above, and the subject of this \nsketch, was born in Laurens district, S. C, October 28th, 1846. He \nwas reared on a farm, and up to the age of twenty-one his education \nwas superintended by his father, who was a successful and prominent \nteacher for more than twenty years. In the year 1869, and from that \ndate until the year 1873, Mr. Babb was an irregular attendant at the \nMissouri University. He engaged in teaching, and when not em- \nployed in the school-room was to be found in the halls of the Univer- \nsity and industriously engaged in the acquirement of those attain- \nments in which he afterward became proficient and noted. In 1873 \nhe graduated in the academic course, and in June, 1874, from the \nnormal department. In 1873-4 he taught in the public schools of \nColumbia. In 1875-6 he attended the law school of the University, \nand in the latter year graduated as the valedictorian of the Centennial \nclass. In the spring of the same year he was admitted to the bar. \nIn 1876-7 he continued teaching in Columbia. \n\nAt the November election, 1876, Mr. Babb was elected by a large \nmajority to the position of public administrator of Boone county. \nThe same efficiency and competency which had signalized his course \nas a teacher marked his conduct as an official, and so well were the \npeople satisfied with his administration that in November,, 1880, he \nwas re-elected for another term of four years. He is still an incum- \nbent of the office, which he fills to the universal satisfaction of the \npeople. In 1878 he was elected a justice of the peace, but resigned \nthe position in the spring of 1882, in order that he might have more \ntime for attending to the practice of his profession and to devote to \nthe duties of his office. \n\n\n\n840 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nJuly 29th, 1879, Mr. Babb married Miss Minnie E. Clough, the \naccomplished daughter of Albert W. and Isabella Clough. Mrs. Babb \ngraduated from Stephens College in the class of 1879, about one \nmonth before her marriage. They have one child, Albert F., born \nJune 16th, 1880. Mr. and Mrs. Babb are members of the Baptist \nChurch, Mr. B. dating his membership from December, 1865. At \npresent he is the moderator of the Little Bonne Femme Association, \nwhich is composed of the Baptist churches of Audrain, Callaway and \nBoone counties. This position he has held for three years past, hav- \ning been clerk of said body three years prior to his election as its \npresiding officer. Honest, upright, intelligent and capable, with a \ngood record behind him and a bright future before him, no man has \nmore friends in Boone county, or should be better content with his \nlife than the gentleman whose career is here imperfectly sketched. \n\nLEANDER G. BIGGS. \n\nMr. Biggs was born in Springfield, Missouri, June 4th, 1851. . His \nparents were Seton T. and Louisa C. Biggs, the father a native of \nTennessee, born March 9th, 1827, and the mother of North Carolina. \nThey both came to Missouri when very small, and were married near \nSpringfield, Greene county, April 13th, 1848. They have five children, \nfour of whom survive at this writing. They continued to live in \nGreene county till 1861, when they moved to Jerseyville, Illinois. \nThe senior Biggs was a carriage-maker by trade. His health so failed \nthat, in 1877, he Avent to Brownsville, Mo., to try the effects of the \nSweet Springs water. He died while at the springs, and lies buried \nat Brownsville. He died August 30th, 1877. After the death of her \nhusband, Mrs. Biggs bought a farm three miles east of the springs, \nwhere she still resides with the three youngest children. Mary Frances \nand Finis E. are married. Sylvester was the name of the son who \ndied at Palmyra, Mo. L. G. Biggs, the immediate subject of this \nsketch, learned his trade as carriage painter at Jerseyville, 111., subse- \nquently going to St. Louis, Avhere he learned fancy sign-writing. He \nwas married November 21st, 1872, to Miss Lizzie E. Jones, of Gil- \nlespie, 111., and a daughter of David M. and Lucinda Jones, the former \nstill living at Gillespie, the latter dead. Mr. and Mrs. Biggs have \none son and one daughter, named, respectively, Leon E. and Linnie \nE. For two years Mr. B. followed portrait painting. He came to \nColumbia, this county, on the first train that came in after the " great \nstrike" of 1877, and has made his home here ever since. He is cer- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 841 \n\ntainly one of the best sign writers and ornamental painters in the \nState, and follows that vocation exclusively. He and wite are both \nmembers of the Methodist church, and he also belongs to the A. O. \nU. W. and Knights of Pythias. His education was chiefly received \nat Jersey ville, Illinois. \n\nJAMES SHANNON BLACKWELL, A. M., PH. D. \n\nProf. Blackwell is now, and has been for four years, connected \nwith the University in the capacity of teacher of " Hebrew and Semitic \nLiterature and of Modern Languaa^es." He is a native of Henderson \ncounty, Kentucky, and was born November 30th, 1844. His parents, \nJames J. and Mary (Jeffress) Blackwell, were natives of Virginia, and \nthe ancestry of Prof. B. have been " to the manner born " in the Old \nDominion for 200 years. Excepting the years of his collegiate course \nas a student, he lived in Kentucky till he came here to take his \npresent position in the University. He graduated at Hanover College, \nIndiana, in 1868, with the degree of A. B. ; in 1871 he took the \ndegree of A. M., and in \'76 that of Ph. D. He was made president \nof Ghent College, Ghent, Kentucky, in 1868, and held that j)osition \naltogether for four years. Purchasing an interest in Forrest \nAcademy, a private school at Anchorage, Kentucky, he remained \nthere three years. Subsequently he was four years in the Kentucky \nMilitary Institute at Frankfort, having been placed in that institution \nby the appointment of the Governor, with the commission of \nmajor. That was the position he quit when he took his present \nchair in the Missouri University. As a linguist, Prof. Blackwell is a \nstudy to his friends, and even his intimates scarcely comprehend him, \nso great is his gift of acquiring language. He has spoken German \nfrom childhood, and also speaks fluently French, Spanish and Italian, \nbesides being well versed in a number of other languao-es. On one oc- \ncasion, in a paper read before the American Philological Association at \nCleveland, Ohio, he made quotations from upwards of twenty different \nlanguages. He took a two-years\' course of Chinese from a native \nmaster, and has also studied the Egyptian and Assyrian, and is con- \nstantly adding to his linguistic stock by beginning the study of new \nones, his latest being Arabic, which he began September 11th, 1882^ \nHis method of acquiring language is a modification (his own) of what \nis known as the Hamiltonian system. He has a Bible in which \nthe text is Hebrew, with a translation into Chaldee, and commentaries \nin Eabbinic. Prof. Blackwell was married July 8, 1870, to Miss \n\n\n\n842 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMary E., daughter of Milton Smith, of Ghent, Kentucky. She was \na native of that State, and a niece of ex-Go v. Henry S. Lane, an \nU. S. Senator from Indiana. She died September 6, 1881, having \nborne five children, two only of whom \xe2\x80\x94 Laura Cherry and Paul \nPreston \xe2\x80\x94 are living. Prof. B. is a member of the Presbyterian \nchurch, and was an elder therein while at Anchorage, Kentucky. He \nis the author of quite a number of articles on language and literature,, \nand has written several small books and pamphlets, including " Yiews \non the Study of Language," and "Some Observations on the Hebrew \nGrammar of Dr. Alexander Meyrowitz." Since the days of the \n"Learned Blacksmith," few men have developed more o:enius in, \nand love for, the study of language than the subject of this sketch ; \nand perhaps when he has attained the age at which Elihu Burritt died, \nhe may be the peer even of that greatest of the great masters of \nlanguage. \n\nJAMES BOWLING, SR. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is one among the oldest citizens of Boone \ncounty. He is a native of Amherst county, Virginia, where he was \nborn August 7th, 1797. He was educated at the public schools of his \nnative county. In 1828, at the age of thirty-one, he left Virginia, \ngoing to what is now known as West Virginia, where he stayed four \nyears. In 1832 he came to Missouri, stopping for awhile in Calla- \nway county. He next came to Boone county, and bought a farm in \nthe forks of Cedar, where he lived from 1833 to 1855, when he built \nthe house now occupied by P. H. Eobnett, and in which he lived till \n1866. He has foil owed \xe2\x80\xa2farming all his life, and his labors have ever \nproved successful. He has by industry, prudence and economy \naccumulated a large amount of property. When quite a young man,, \nhe took charge of his father\'s plantation, one among the largest and \nmost productive in the country. He had control of this property for \nten years, from 1818 to 1828. He was married, November 11th, \n1819, to Miss Margaret, daughter of James and Mildred (Monday) \nDavis. Eight children were born of this marriage, three sons and five \ndauo-hters, four of whom \xe2\x80\x94 two of each sex \xe2\x80\x94 are now livino\\ Martha \nA., Parmelia J. and Sallie are dead. Charles L. died in Price\'s army. \nThe surviving members of the family are : Mildred, who first married \nAbraham Gillaspie, of Kentucky, and, being left a widow, afterwards \nmarried Wiley Roy, of Carroll county, Missouri. James D., who \nmarried Martha McAllister, of Columbia ; and Mary F., widow of the \nlate J. L. Matthews, of Columbia, and Roderick, now of Texas. Mr. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 843\' \n\nBowling\'s father was born in St. Mary\'s county, Maryland, in 1752, \nand died in Amherst county, Virginia, in 1832. He was the father \nof eight children, three sons and five daughters. His wife was \nLaticia Gilhispie. [She died in 1850, and is buried in Amherst \ncounty, Virginia. \n\nJAMES MONROE BOSWELL. \n\nJames M. Boswell, a well known and popular business man of \nColumbia, was born in Bedford county, Virginia, February 14th, \n1842. Hejis the son of William H. H. and Elizabeth A. (Compton) \nBoswell. He attended school at Liberty, Virginia, commencing in \n1854 and ending in 1857. He came to Boone county, Missouri, in \nthe fall of 1858, and attended school at New Prospect Academy until \nthe breaking out of the war, in 1861. He enlisted in Company B, of \nCallaway county, commanded by Maj. J. M. Kobinson, being a \nportion of the elder Gen. John B. Clark\'s regiment.^ Was in the bat- \ntles of Wilson Creek, Drywood, Lexington, and Moore\'s Mill. Went \nto Ham\'s Prairie, Callaway county, Missouri, and sold goods for a \nshort time, but owing to the excitement and troubles growing out of \nthe war, had to quit the business. He came to Columbia, and was en- \ngaged to teach the public schools. He followed teaching for fifteen \nmonths, when he was employed as a salesman in the store of Kirkbride \n& Co., Columbia, Mo. Stayed with this firm until 1868, when he went \nin business with James I. Hickman, under the firm name of Hickman \n& Boswell, dealers in family groceries. They sold out their business \nin 1870 to Allen, Maupin & Co. Was elected constable of Columbia \ntownship, and served for two years and four months. After the \nexpiration of his term as constable, he went into the family grocery \nbusiness under the firm name of Smith & Boswell. He sold out this \nbusiness in 1874, and engaged as salesman with Loeb, Meyer & Co., \ndry goods and clothing. He stayed with this firm for four years. \nQuitting their store, he engaged once more in the family grocery \nbusiness, this time by himself. Sold out the business, August 15th, \n1881, to Hume & Brothers. Mr. Boswell owns considerable real \nestate in Columbia, also an excellent farm of sixty acres. He is a \nmember of the Masonic order, also of the United Workmen. He \nwas married, November 14th, 1872, to Miss Sarah J., daughter of \nEdward and Kissih (Fortney) Easley. They have two sons and two \ndaughters: Annie W., William E., Gertrude L. and James M. Mr. \n\n\n\n1 In the Confederate service. \n\n\n\n844 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand Mrs Boswell are both members of the Christian church. He has \nbeen an auctioneer for years, and has sold a great deal of property. \n\nJOSHUA H. BRADY. \n\nJoshua H. Brady, son of William and Catherine Brady, was born in \nWashington county, Maryland, August 5th, 1837. He was educated \nat a neighboring town called Hancock, and learned the miller\'s trade \nof his father, serving an apprenticeship of eight years. In 1861 he \nwent to work for Samuel Bowles, of Washington county, Maryland, \nand stayed with him two years. He was next employed by William H. \nEads, of Georgetown, District of Columbia, whose mill had a capacity \nof one hundred and fifty barrels a day. He stayed with Eads a year \nand a half. In 1864 he was engaged to run a mill in Morgan county, \nVirginia, at a point called Sir John\'s Run. Remained in this position \nfor four years, then went to Sleepy Creek, same county, where he \nstayed six months, and from there to Frederick county, Maryland, \nwhere he entered the Red Spring Mills owned by J. M. Bushy, where he \nremained two years. The mill was sold to E. Zimmerman and Mr. \nBrady remained with him seven years. He then rented the mill at \nMiddletown Valley, in Frederick county, Maryland, and remained in \ncharge of this mill until the autumn of 1881, when he came to Colum- \nbia, Missouri, July 10th, 1882, and went to work for the Columbia \nMilling Company. He is a practical miller, thoroughly acquainted \nwith every department of the business. In 1864 he was drafted into \nthe Federal awny, but by paying three hundred dollars he was ex- \ncused from serving. He was married, August 1st, 1865, to \nHester Ann Wharton, daughter of Samuel Wharton, of Sir John\'s \nRun, West Virginia. They have six children, three of each sex: \nAquila C, born February 19th, 1869 ; Katie R., born August 16th, \n1871 ; George William, born March 30th, 1873 ; Annie O., boru June \n11th, 1875 ; Charles J., born November 25th, 1877 ; Hester M., born \nJuly 4th, 1880. They are all living. \n\nGEORGE SMITH BRYANT, A. M., \n\nPresident of Christian Female College, Columbia, is a native of Jessa- \nmine county, Kentucky, born April 2d, 1841. His parents. Dr. John \nand Martha Ann Bryant, with their family immigrated to Jackson coun- \nty, Missouri, in 1850, and settled in Independence, where they yet re- \nside. The subject of our sketch received his primary education in the \nIndependence High School, M. W. Miller, now in charge of Webster \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 845 \n\nschool in St. Louis, then being its principal. After being prepared \nfor college by this institution of learning, Mr. Bryant went to Bethany \nCollege, Virginia, then under the management of Eev. Alexander \nCampbell, its president. At the expiration of two years, Mr. Bryant \ngraduated with honor, and then returned and entered the Indepen- \ndence High School as assistant to M. W. Miller. Mr. Miller soon \nthereafter resigned, and Mr. Bryant succeeded him, and successfuly \nmanaged the school for ten years. During that time he graduated a \nlarge number of pupils, some of whom now fill the principal commer- \ncial, educational and political positions of the State. On the 29th day \nof August, 1871, Mr. Bryant married Miss Margaret Frances Fergu- \nson, daughter of James and Mary Ferguson, of Boone county. Mo. \nAfter his marriage he accepted a professorship in the Christian Female \nCollege under the presidency of Joseph K. Rogers, and held the posi- \ntion for about five years. Owing to the failure of Mr. Rogers\' health, \nin 1877, he resigned the presidency and recommended Professor \nBryant to the board of trustees, who unanimously elected him Mr. \nRogers\' successor, which position he has satisfactorily filled to the \npresent day, the last session of the school having been one of its \nmost prosperous. \n\nJ. R. CAMPBELL. \n\nJames Reyburn Campbell was born in Mexico, Mo., October 1st, \n1846. He is a son of John and Sallie (Turner) Campbell. His \nfather was a native of Kentucky and came to Missouri when a boy. \nHe died in December, 1870, in Audrain county. Mrs. Campbell is a \nnative of Boone county ; she is still alive. Mr. Campbell was a farmer. \nJ. R. Campbell, the subject hereof, was reared on a farm and received \na common school education. In the fiill of 1862, when but sixteen \nyears of age, he went South and took service in the Confederate army \nunder Gen. Price. His first enlistment was in Company A, of the \n1st Missouri brigade (afterwards Company B). During his term of \nservice Mr. Campbell participated in the second fight at Carthage, in \nTaylor\'s engagements with and defeat of Gen. Banks in Louisiana, \nand in Price\'s last raid. He was under Gen. Price all of his term. \nThe hardest battles in which he was engaged were Big Blue, Jackson \ncounty, and " Big Prairie, " near the Arkansas line, both on Price\'s \nraid into Missouri. Upon first enlisting Mr. Campbell was in the \ncavalry, but was afterwards transferred to the infantry. He did a \ngreat deal of post duty in Arkansas and Louisiana, guarding the forts \nat Shreveport and at other points on Red river. He surrendered \n\n\n\n846 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwith the main body of Gen. Price\'s array at Shreveport in the spring \nof 1865, and returned home June 25th, of that year, and began life \nwithout a dollar. \n\nSoon after coming home Mr. Campbell engaged with the Wilcox \n& Gibbs Sewing Machine Company, of St. Louis, for which he \nw^orked about eighteen months, when he entered the service of the \nSinger company, and was given their agency for four counties. This \nterritory he has held ever since. In November, 1875, he came to \nColumbia, where he has since resided. In addition to his sewing \nmachine house, Mr. Campbell also conducts a first-class confectionery \nstore, and since January, 1882, has owned a one-third interest in the \nlarge grocery and provision house of Bruce, Moberly & Co. \n\nHe was married December 12th, 1868, to Miss Amelia Turner, a \nnative of Audrain county, and daughter of John Turner, Esq. Mr. \nand Mrs. Campbell are the parents of three children \xe2\x80\x94 Mary Pearl, \nEula Gertrude and Laura Belle. Mr. and Mrs. C. are both members \nof the Baptist church, and Mr. C. belongs to the United Workmen \nand Knights\' of Honor. \n\nMR. AND MRS. O. A. CARR. \n\nThe subjects of this sketch are natives of Kentucky, the former \nhaving been born in Lewis county, February 5th, 1845, the latter in \nStanford, Lincoln county, September 8th, 1847. Mr. Carr\'s pater- \nnal grandparents, Daniel Carr and Richard Clary, were sturdy pioneer \nfarmers of their respective counties. Daniel Carr lived sixty-four \nyears of his married life in one home in Lewis county, near which \nbegan the wedded lives of William Carr and Elizabeth Clary, to whom \nwere born eight children, the fifth bearing the name of Oliver Ander- \nson Carr. In early youth Oliver attended school of winters at the \nrude log school-house of the neighborhood, the term usually lasting \nbut three months in the year. The elder Carr was not satisfied with \nthe limited facilities thus afforded his children, as he had early resolved \nto give them as good an education as his means would afibrd. For \nthis reason he abandoned his farm and removed to May\'s Lick, Mason \ncounty, where, from the age of eleven to sixteen, Oliver attended the \nacademy. After five years\' hard study, the subject of this sketch had \nwon the esteem and confidence of all who knew him, and when it was \nknown that he wished to further prosecute his studies at college, and \nthat his means were limited, the young student did not lack for assist- \nance, which came without personal solicitation. He was thus enabled \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 847 \n\nto attend the Kentucky University, then situated at Harrodsburg, \nKentucky. While a student of this institution, the university build> \ning was burned and the school was removed to Lexington, where Mr. \nCarr graduated in 1867, at the age of twenty-two. He was the \nyoungest graduate of the university at that time and the youngest of \nthe class, being the first to receive the degree of A. B. after the \nremoval of the university to Lexington. His labors in the gospel \nbegan at the age of nineteen, when he travelled and preached during \nthe summer months in Northeastern Kentucky \xe2\x80\x94 one season in com- \npany with Eld. J. W. Mountjoy \xe2\x80\x94 preaching in school-houses and \nforest groves to multitudes who assembled to hear the gospel. Five \nhundred people acknowledged the Savior under his preaching, and \nsix churches were established by him, one within two miles of his \nbirth place. Li the midst of these labors there was a call for mis- \nsionaries, and Elder Carr was selected for the Australia mission. \nPrevious to commencing his long journey, he was married in the \nChristian church at Lancaster, Kentucky, to Miss Mattie Myers, \nMarch 26th, 1868. Immediately after their marriage they departed \nfor Melbourne, Australia. They sailed from New York to Liverpool, \nand after remaining three weeks in the British Isles, left Liverpool in \na sailing vessel, and after a voyage of one hundred and four days \nlanded safely at Melbourne. Mr. Carr at once began his labors in \nthat city. He established a church, and used the press and pulpit \ncontinuously during the period of his labors in that country. In \naddition to preaching, he taught a class of young men who were pre- \nparing for the ministry. Excessive toil and the enervating influence \nof the climate told seriously upon his health, and he was advised to \nvisit Tasmania, two hundred miles south of Australia for the benefit \nof the climate. Soon after landing at Hobart he was urged to j3reach \nand did so, establishing a church of one hundred and twenty members. \nAfter one year\'s labor at Hobart they sailed for home by way of \nCeylon, the Red Sea and the Suez Canal, visiting Egypt and the Holy \nLand, stopping at Naples and Rome, passing through the Mount Cenis \ntunnel to Paris and Versailles, thence to Southampton, and after \nthree weeks\' stay in England sailed for New York, and thence over- \nland by way of Niagara Falls to Maysville, Kentucky, where Mr. \nCarr\'s parents were living, landing at home in August, 1873. After \na brief rest Eld. Carr resumed his labors in Kentucky, travelling \nextensively in the interest of Sunday-schools. In 1874 he responded \nto a call from a St. Louis church for a specified time, at the expira- \n\n\n\n848 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntion of which time he and Mrs. Carr came to Fulton, Missouri, the \nformer to preach and the latter to take charge of Floral Hill College. \nIt was thought best to unite this institution with Christian College, \nColumbia, Missouri, which union was consummated in 1878. Mr. \nCarr has devoted his time to evangelical labors in Missouri, except \nwhile occupying the pulpit of Eld. L. B. Wilkes, at Columbia, during \nthe illness of the latter. Mr. Carr\'s labors in the last few years have \nbeen directed towards securing church cooperation in promulgating \nthe gospel, and to this end he has travelled, preached and written \ncontinuously since coming to Missouri. During the last year of his \nlabors in this State he has established a church at Laddonia, Audrain \ncounty, and another at Ashland, in Boone county, where they have \nrecently completed an excellent church edifice. Mrs. O. A. Carr, \nthe earnest, zealous partner of Elder Carr in all his missionary and \nevangelical labors, is the youngest daughter of Henry and Mary (Bur- \ndette) Myers, and was born at Stanford, Lincoln county, Kentucky, \nSeptember 6th, 1847. Her father was of German origin, her mother \nof English extraction. Mrs. Carr was a pupil of Daughter\'s College, \nHarrodsburg, Kentucky, for six years, under the management of \nPresident John A. Williams, afterwards president of Christian College, \nColumbia, Missouri. Having finished the junior course in Daughter\'s \nCollege she was sent to St. Catherine de Sieniia, Washington county, \nKentucky, where she graduated with the highest honors of her class. \nThe following year, 1865, she returned to Daughter\'s College and \ngraduated there in 1866 with high honors. Soon after leaving college \nshe was called to the priucipalship of Franklin College, Lancaster, \nKentucky. After nearly two years\' prosperous labor she resigned \nand was married, March 26th, 1868, to Mr. O. A. Carr, since which \ntime her history has been thoroughly identified with his in their labors \nfor the cause of Christ both in this country and in foreign lands. \nDuring the three years spent in Australia, Mrs. Carr had charge of a \ncollege for young ladies, and worked with her husband in his church \nrelations until the failure of her health, when they removed to Tas- \nmania, where she continued her labors in the church and school which \nthey organized at that place. After their return to America she was \nappointed associate principal of Hamilton College, Lexington, Ken- \ntucky. She did not remain long Avith this institution, however, as \nthe work became excessive after the resignation of the principal. \nConsequently she resigned and joined her husband, who had preceded \nher to St. Louis, having taken charge of the First Christian church of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 849 \n\nthat city. In 1876 she assumed the management of Floral Hill Col- \nlege, Fulton, Missouri, where she remained until that institution was \nconsolidated with Christian Female College, Columbia, Missouri. \nShe then came to Columbia as associate principal of Christian Col- \nlege. In this capacity she labored for one year, at the expiration of \nwhich time she received, in 1879, the appointment of lady principal\' \nof the Missouri State University, which position she now holds. She \nalso has control of the work department, established for the benefit \nof the young lady pupils of the University. Besides her weekly labors \nin the church and in the school, she has contributed to religious peri- \nodicals, and has delivered frequent lectures in the interest of literary \nand religious culture. \n\nCAPT. H. N. COOK. \n\nHenry Nixdorff Cook was born at Palmyra, Marion county, Missouri, \nOctober 30, 1838. He was educated in the common schools, and at \nSt. Paul\'s College. In 1851 he came to Columbia, and has ever since \nbeen a resident of Boone county. His first occupation in Columbia \nwas that of jeweler and watchmaker. \n\nUpon the breaking out of the civil war Captain Cook announced him- \nself an unconditional Union man, and ready to fight for his principles. \nApril 22, 1862, he received a commission as captain of company F, \n9th Cavalry, M. S. M. (Guitar\'s regiment), and in this capacity \nserved for three years. During his term of service Captain Cook par- \nticipated in the engagement at Moore\'s Mill, Kirksville, Independence, \nand in the other leading battles of General Price\'s last raid into Mis- \nsouri, besides innumerable fights and skirmishes with Confederate guer- \nrillas and bushwhackers. In one eno-ao-ement with Jim Carter\'s band \nin this county, in the winter of 1865, he killed four of the guerrillas \nand efiectually broke up the band. In April, 1865, he received a com- \nmission as captain of the " Boone County Company" of militia, and \nserved some months. He received the surrender of the notorious \nJim Jackson and his band in the spring of 1865, and gave them writ- \nten paroles. Jackson was afterwards killed by the militia with his \nparole on his person. The captain passed through all the dangers of \nthe war without a scratch. \n\nIn the fall of 1868 Captain Cook was appointed county clerk of \nBoone county, to which office he was elected in 1870 as a Republican, \nalthough the countv was Democratic at the time. He served as \ncounty clerk till January 1, 1875. In June, 1881, he was appointed \npostmaster of Columbia, and is still in that position. \n54 \n\n\n\n850 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nIn March, 1859, Captain Cook married Miss Hettie Scott, of Arrow \nEock, Saline county. They are parents of two children, a son and \ndaughter, both of whom have reached maturity, Henry Guitar, the \nson, is deputy postmaster, and Mary, the daughter is now Mrs. Wage, \nof Columbia. \n\nHENRY CRUMBAUGH. \n\nHenry Crumbaugh, a prominent business man of Columbia, and one \nof the pioneer settlers of the place, was born- in Fayette county, Ken- \ntucky, May 16, 1814. He is the son of John and Mary (Snyder) \nCrumbaugh ; he was raised and educated in his native county, and \nlearned the saddler and harness-maker\'s trade at Lexington, serving \nan apprenticeship of five years. After completing his trade he \ncame to Columbia, Missouri, and located, opening a shop in the spring \nof 1838. His first shop was situated on Broadway, where the Exchange \nBank now stands. He landed in Columbia without money, possessing \nonly his trade and a laudable resolution to win, which, coupled Avith \nindustry, prudence, and economy, soon laid the foundation for a suc- \ncessful business. His property was not rapidly accumulated, but \nsurely and steadily, until now in his old age he finds himself the pos- \nsessor of a handsome estate, earned by the labor of his own hands. \nFor many years he served as town trustee ; he was also city collector \nfor fifteen or sixteen years. He was married April 30, 1840, to Doro- \nthy A., daughter of Col. Richard Gentry. They had three children \xe2\x80\x94 \none son and two daughters. Mary A. married J. V. C. Karnes, a \nprominent lawyer of Kansas City ; Dorothy A. married J. H. Lips- \ncomb, also a lawyer of Kansas City; Luther H. married a daughter \nof Major Harbinson, a prominent lawyer of Southwest Missouri. \nMrs. Crumbaugh was born March 13, 1816, and died March 9, 1864. \nOn the 13th of December, 1855, he was married to Mary C. Reynolds, \nof Columbia, Missouri. They have three children \xe2\x80\x94 James E., city \nattorney of Columbia, and a promising young lawyer, being a gradu- \nate of the literary and law departments of the Missouri State Univer- \nsity ; Roberta Lee \xe2\x80\x94 named in honor of Gen. Robert E. Lee \xe2\x80\x94 and \nMary C. In 1833 Mr. Crumbaugh joined the Presbyterian church at \nLexington, Kentucky, under the preaching of Dr. Hall ; he was elected \nan elder of his church in September, 1844. His motto through life has \nbeen, " Every day something learned ; every day something done." \n\nWALLACE JACKSON DAVIS. \n\nWallace J. Davis, editor and proprietor of the Boone County Sen- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 851 \n\ntinel, is a native of this county, having been born in Perche township, \nApril 14, 1850. He is the younger son of Linnseus and Nancy T. \n(Weaver) Davis. His father was a native of New York, but emi- \ngrated in early youth to Missouri, where he was principally raised and \neducated. Mrs. Davis is a native of Alabama. The subject of this \nsketch was reared and educated in Boone county. At the age of \ntwenty he entered the office of the Democratic Banner, published at \nFayette, Missouri, by James H. Robinson. He remained with Mr. \nRobinson over a year. His next engagement was with the Columbia \nHerald. He afterwards worked on the Columbia Statesman, Cedar \nCity Clarion, and all the papers published at Fulton, Missouri, hav- \ning served as foreman of the Fairplay and the Mail of that city. In \n1874 he worked on the Jefferson City Tribune. The year followino* \nhe was engaged on the Daily Times, and the Dispatch, then under \nthe management of Stilson Hutchins. In June, 1876, he established \nthe Centralia Sentinel, a Democratic paper, which he soon \nafterwards removed to Columbia, changing the name to Boone \nCounty Sentinel. The first number of the new edition was \ndated February 4, 1877. The Sentinel has been a fearless,- \noutspoken paper, and has carried the Democratic banner to the- \nfront in every political campaign since the day it was started. When \nit had a preference it did not hesitate to say so. If it believed an \naspirant for office unworthy of the support of the party, it proclaimed \nthe fact regardless of consequences. F. F. Davis, brother of Wallace \nJ. Davis, is associated with him in the management of the Sentinels \nThe subject of this sketch was married May 24, 1880, to Miss Alice, \ndaughter of Charles Ustick, of Dover, Lafayette county, Missouri.. \nThey have one son, Kenneth Forrest, born December 5, 1881. Mr. \nDavis and wife are members of the Methodist Church South. His \nbrother, F. F. Davis, was born July 31, 1842. He is also a member \nof the Methodist church. The oldest brother, Leander B. Davis, was \nkilled in the Confederate service. \n\nPROF. CONRAD DIEHL. \n\nProf. Conrad Diehl was born near Landau, Germany, July 16,. \n1842. His father, Conrad L., was a notary and a leader in the revo- \nlution of 1848, for which he forfeited his estate and was sentenced to- \ndeath. He fled to America and settled in St. Clair county, Illinois.. \nYoung Conrad was educated principally at Oakfield, Franklin county,, \nMissouri. At the age of seventeen his father sent him to Munich,, \n\n\n\n852 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nGermany, to complete his artistic education. He studied for five \njears under the most celebrated artists of that city, among whom \n\xe2\x96\xa0were Kaulbach and Foltz. It was while attending the art school at \nMunich that Prof. Diehl produced his celebrated picture, " Hamlet," \nrepresenting the Prince of Denmark in one of his most dramatic atti- \ntudes. This picture at once established his reputation as an artist of \nvery high order. He brought this picture with him to America, and \npresented it to the Chicago Art Association. It was consumed in the \ngreat fire of 1871. Prof. Diehl attended the Paris Exposition in 1867, \nand while there painted another fine picture, " Macbeth,", which is \nnow in an art collection in St. Louis. In 1871 he went to St. Louis \nand taught art in the public schools until 1877. While a teacher in \nthat city he introduced a new mode of instruction which became very \npopular, but was finally driven out by ignorant prejudice. He has \nsince reduced this system to writing, and it is now ready for the \npress. He thinks his book will revolutionize the study of art in this \ncountry. He was at one time president of the Chicago Academy of \nDesion. In 1879 he succeeded Gen. Bingham in the art department \n\xe2\x80\xa2of the State University, and has been connected with that institution \n\'ever since. He uses no text books. His mode of teaching is wholly \npractical, and his pupils advance very rapidly. In addition to art. \nProf. Diehl possesses a thorough literary education ; speaks English, \nGerman and French. He was married in Paris, France, to Miss Isa- \nbella Dupont, the marriage ceremony being performed by Gen. John \nA. Dix, then United States minister to France. Mrs. Diehl is also an \nartist of considerable ability. Specimens of her work may be seen \nin the art rooms of the University. She is devoted to her husband \nand her children, and has been of great help to him in his chosen pro- \nfession. They have had seven children, five of Avhom are living. \nTheir names are Pose, Alice, Felix Conrad, Conrad Lewis and \nMio-non. Prof. Diehl is not a church member. Mrs. Diehl is a \n\no \n\n\'Catholic. \n\nJ. S. DORSEY. \n\nJere. Spires Dorsey is a native of Nicholas county, Kentucky, where \nhe was born November 11th, 1834. He lived in his native county and \nat Mt. Sterling until he was nineteen years old. He was educated at \nMt. Sterling under the instructions of Hugh B. Todd, an eminent \nteacher, afterwards principal of Camden Point Academy, Platte county, \nMissouri. In 1854 Mr. Dorsey came to Columbia, where he started the \niirst hardware store in the place. In 1857 he took in Dick Carter as \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 853 \n\npartner. Continued the business until 1862, when he was banished \nby order of Gen. Merrill. Went to Cincinnati, where he was en- \ngaged to sell hardware as a commercial traveller. Returned to Colum- \nbia in 1863 and engaged in the dry goods business with Samuel, Conley \n& Strawn. In 1864 went to St. Louis and engaged in selling hardware \nas a commercial traveller. In the fall of 1865 returned to Columbia \nand bought the druo; store of Swallow & Gilman, in which business he \nhas continued ever since, adding a Jewelry department in 1867. \nWas the first railroad agent in Columbia, receiving his appointment in \n1867, holding the position for one year. He established the first in- \nsurance agency in the county in 1854, representing the Home, of New \nYork. He also sold the first reaper and mower. The purchasers \nwere Messrs. Beatty & Simmons, and the reaper one of the Atkins \npatent. He was first express agent for Richardson\'s Express Com- \npany at Columbia, appointed in 1857. Afterwards was agent for the \nUnited States Company, and the Merchants\' Union, filling the office \nof express agent continuously for fifteen years. He has been presi- \ndent of the Boone County Insurance Company since its organization \nin 1875. He is curator, trustee and treasurer of Christian College. \nSeptember 10th, 1857, Mr. Dorsey was married to Miss Margaret^ \ndaughter of Samuel W. Williams, of Kentucky. They have six chil- \ndren living and one dead. Mr. and Mrs. Dorsey are both members \nof the Christian church. \n\nGEN. J. B. DOUGLASS. \n\nGen. Joseph Beeler Douglass was born in Mercer (now Boyle) \ncounty, Kentucky November 12th, 1819. His father, William Douglass,, \nwas a native of Maryland, born in 1775, died in Boone county, Missouri, \nJune 3d, 1843. He came to this county in 1827, and settled near \nHarrisburg, where he lived out the remainder of his days. Gen. \nDouglass remained on his father\'s farm until 1848, when he came ta \nColumbia as deputy sheriff under Wm. P. Hickman. In 1850 he was \nelected sheriff and in 1852 was re-elected. In 1856 he was elected to \nthe Legislature with Col. William F. Switzler. In 1859 was elected \nclerk of the county court, which office he was holding when the war com- \nmenced. In 1862 was commissioned colonel of the Sixty-first E. M. M. \nThe year following he was commissioned a brigadier-general by Gov. \nHall, and assigned to the Eighth military district, embracing several \ncounties in this part of Missouri. Left the service in 1865. He was \nof much service to the citizens of this county, protecting their lives \n\n\n\n854 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand property. Was severe on men in arms, especially bushwhackers, \nbut guarded the rights of non-combatants. After the war (in 1866) \nhe was appointed United States assessor of the Fourth district, which \nposition he held for two years. Afterwards followed the nursery busi- \nness, at the same time acting as general agent of the horticultural de- \npartment of the State University. He is now living in Columbia. \nGen. Douglass was married in 1849 to Miss Nannie Wirt, of Boone \ncounty. She died in 1875. They had six children, of whom only \ntwo are now living, Joseph L. and Fannie D. Two children died in \ninfancy. One son, William Wirt, a graduate of medicine, died in \n1877, aged twenty-three years. Mary A. died in 1882, aged twenty- \n\xc2\xabight. She was a graduate of Christian College, and possessed a \nbright intellect and fine culture. She excelled in music and mathe- \nmatics, and was quite proficient in all the accomplishments that con- \nstitute a refined and cultivated lady. She was universally loved by \nall who had the pleasure of her acquaintance, and her death cast a \ngloom over the entire community. Gen. Douglass is a member of the \nMethodist Church South. \n\nHON. SHANNON CLAY DOUGLASS. \n\nThe subject of this biographical sketch is the son of Alexander \nDouglass, a prominent citizen of Columbia and for many years iden- \ntified with the business interest of the people among whom he lived \nand died. He was a native of Harrison county, Kentucky, where he \nwas born and reared to the age of twelve years, when he came to Co- \nlumbia, Missouri, where he spent the remainder of his life in active \nbusiness, dying in February, 1866. In October, 1851, he was married \nto Ann M. Shannon, eldest daughter of Eev. James Shannon, LL. \nD., then president of the State Uuiversity. Five children were born \nof this marriage : Shannon C, William H,, Alex. E., Fannie B,, and \nMary Evalina Douglass, all of whom are now living. The subject of \nthis sketch was born December 29, 1852. He entered the State Uni- \nversity in early youth and graduated in June, 1870. Although but \neighteen years of age, he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts, and \nwas chosen valedictorian of his class. Two months later he com- \nmenced reading law with Gen. Odon Guitar, and remained in his of- \nfice for about five years. In the spring of 1871 he was appointed \ntown attorney, at which time he was licensed a member of the bar. \nWas city attorney for four years in succession. In June, 1873, he \ngraduated in the law department of the State University, taking \n\n\n\n\xc2\xab \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 855 \n\nthe degree of Bachelor of Laws ; also the degree of Master of Arts. \nHe was elected prosecuting attorney for Boone county, November, \n1874, and was reelected three times in succession, holding the office \nfrom January 1, 1875, to January 1, 1881. At the State Democratic \nconvention, July, 1878, Mr. Douglass was made a member of the \nDemocratic State central committee, for the eleventh congressional \ndistrict. In 1880 he was reelected and chosen chairman. Declined a \nreelection at the State convention in July, 1882. Previous to resign- \ning this position he addressed the convention, making an able, logical \nand eloquent appeal in behalf of unity and harmony within the party \nand excoriating the malcontents and traitors, who had twice betrayed \nthe party in the hour of its greatest peril. Mr. Douglass was mar- \nried, September 8, 1880, to Miss Hattie H., daughter of Col. Wil- \nliam E. Burr, of St. Louis. One child, William Burr, was born to \nthem, May 28, 1882. Mr. Douglass has been a member of the Chris- \ntian church since he was eleven years old. He united nvith the Ma- \nsonic order, December, 1878. Mr. Douglass is thorough in his pro- \nfession, and as an advocate he has, perhaps, no superior of his age in \nthe country. His profound knowledge of the law, his earnest, can- \ndid, logical mode of speaking, coupled with an excellent knowledge of \nhuman nature, gives him remarkable prestige at the bar and generally \ninsures a victory for his client, even under the most unfavorable cir- \ncumstances. He has already accomplished more than the average \nprofessional man achieves in a lifetime, yet in the order of nature and \naccording to the rules that govern human life and effort his career of \nusefulness has just commenced. \n\nJ. H. DRUMMOND, A. B. \n\nJoseph Hudson Drummond was born October 29, 1853, near Zanes- \nville, Ohio. He is a son of Samuel Baxter and Mary Jane (Tingle) \nDrummond. The Drummond family is of Scottish origin. Mrs. D.\'s \nfamily was from the Isle of Guernsey. S. B. Drummond was a na- \ntive of Pennsylvania, from which State he removed to Ohio in an early \nday, and from thence to Johnson county, Missouri, in 1869. He\'was \na merchant in Ohio, and a farmer in Missouri. He died July 4, 1876, \non Independence day of the centennial year. Mrs. Drummond is still \nliving in Johnson county. \n\nThe subject hereof had received a good education for a young man \nprior to his coming to Missouri, but he attended the University at \nColumbia and graduated therefrom in the class of 1880, He ob- \n\n\n\n856 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntallied the means to defray the expenses of his education by engaging- \nin well-boring. In April, 1880, he was appointed librarian and proc- \ntor of the University, which position he still worthily fills. He was \ntendered a position on the U. S. coast survey, but preferred to accept \nhis present position, whose multifarious duties he fulfils to universal \nand complete satisfaction. \n\nALONZO T. DUNCAN. \n\nAlonzo T. Duncan was born in Boone county, Missouri, December \n18, 1845. Was educated at the common schools of Columbia and at \nthe State University. Served an apprenticeship of three years at the \ncabinet maker\'s trade under T. E. Powers and followed the business \nfor four years, then went to Litchfield, Illinois, in 1864, and remained \nthere one year. Came back to Columbia and went to work for Euckel \n& McAlister, builders and contractors, as foreman in their establish- \nment. Was with this firm for three years. He was next employed \nas foreman by Kneisley & Lukens, contractors and builders, and re- \nmained with them three years. He then formed a partnership with J. \nD. Stewart in the same line of business. In 1874 he went to St. \nLouis and acted as foreman for Dryden & Reid, builders. Remain- \ning with this firm one year. Came back to Columbia in 1875 and \nbuilt the R. B. Price residence. In 1876 went into the furniture busi- \nness with Lukens, under the firm name of Duncan & Lukens. Re- \nmained in this business for two years, when he sold out and went back \nto the old business of contracting and building, under the firm name \nof Duncan & McDaniel. In 1880 they dissolved partnership and \nMr. Duncan followed the lousiness alone for a short time. In July, \n1881, he formed a partnership with B. F. Stewart, for building and \ncontracting in Columbia and Boone county. They built the public \nschool building, for which the}^ received twelve thousand dollars ; also \nthe elevator and the Whittle building, besides many other business \nhouses and private residences in Columbia and vicinity. The firm has \nbuilt up a reputation second to none in the country, and their work \nshows for itself both in style, quality and durability. Mr. Duncan \nwas married, June 30, 1875, to Miss Annie, daughter of Frederick \nScragg. They have one son and one daughter, Permelia and Fred- \nerick. \n\nSAMUEL H. ELKINS. \n\nSamuel H. Elkins is the son of Philip and Sarah (Withers) Elkins. \nHe was born in Henry county, Missouri, April 13th, 1847, and was \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 857 \n\neducated at Westford High School, Jackson county, Missouri, com- \npleting his studies in the State University. From 1850 to 1861 his \nfather resided at Westford, Missouri. In the latter year he crossed \nthe plains to Fort Lyons, where he stayed one winter, returning to \nMissouri in the spring. In the fall of 1862 they removed to Santa \nFe, New Mexico. The subject of this sketch then went to Mesilla, \nwhere he clerked in a dry goods and grocery store. Remained there \nabout eighteen months. He went from there to Fort Union, where \nhe was engaged in the quartermaster\'s department. In the spring of \n1864 he came to Kansas City, where he attended Spaulding\'s Com- \nmercial Colleo;e for about twelve months, then returned to New \nMexico, and was engaged as government store-keeper at Mora, Mora \ncounty. Was there a year and a half. In 1868-9 he and his brother, \nJohn T. Elkins, ran a cattle ranche on the Pecos river. Was after- \nwards with Commissioner John Hiltson, who was employed by the \nUnited States government and Mexico to hunt up cattle that had been \nstolen by the Mexicans during the war. They succeeded in restoring- \neight thousand six hundred head of cattle. In 1874 Mr. Elkins came \nto Columbia, and attended the University for two years. In 1880 he \nentered the grocery trade in Columbia, and followed the business for \nabout eighteen months. Was married, October 17th, 1878, to Miss \nIsa Smith, formerly of Harrison county, Kentucky. They have two \nchildren, a son, Philip D., and a daughter, Hattie M. Mr. Elkins\' \nfather is in Santa Fe, New Mexico. His mother died in Nebraska \nCity. There were six children, five sons and one daughter. The \nthree oldest are living. Stephen B. is a large capitalist of New York \nCity. He graduated at the Missouri State University in 1860, at the \nage of eighteen. He formerly represented New Mexico in Congress. \nHe has been twice married. His last wife is the daughter of Senator \nDavis, of West Virginia. John T. Elkins is living in Kansas City. He \nis also a capitalist, and largely interested in Western mines. He \nmarried a daughter of Dr. Hereford, of Kansas City. The subject of \nthis sketch is the youngest of the family. His wife is a member of \nthe Christian church. \n\nMA J. FRANK D. EVANS. \n\nMajor Evans is the son of Green and Mary (Westlake) Evans, and \nwas born April 7th, 1834, in Boone county, Missouri, nine miles west \nof Columbia and three and one-half miles east of Rocheport. His \nfather was born in Madison county, Kentucky, and came to Howard \ncounty, Missouri, in 1816, and died in 1844, three miles east of \n\n\n\n858 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nEocheport, on the homestead where Frank was born, in the thh\'ty- \nseventh year of his age, and is buried at the Brick Chapel. His \nmother is from Point Pleasant, West Virginia. She is still living in \nCallaway county, Missouri, at the age of sixty-nine. They were \nmarried in Boone, and their union was blessed with seven children \xe2\x80\x94 \nall boys. Thomas (deceased); James H., a farmer in Eandolph \ncounty, Missouri; F. D., our subject; Henry C. (died\' in 1845); \nWm. M., died in 1864, at Hastings, Minnesota; John F., farming in \nCallaway county, Missouri; and Melville G., who died in 1845. \nFrank D., the subject of this sketch, was educated in this, his native \ncounty, at the country schools. He lived upon the farm with his \nfather until the age of nineteen, when he married Miss Elizabeth M., \ndaughter of Thomas and Nancy (Mitchell) Cropper. He bought a \nfarm in 1853, and lived upon it until 1855. In the spring of 1856 he \nremoved to Johnson county, Missouri, and followed farming there for \ntwu seasons. In the fall of 1857 he came to Rocheport and entered \nthe dry goods house of T. D, Jackman as book-keeper. He remained \nwith the firm until July, 1860, when he, in partnership with Henry \nW. Crow, embarked in business for himself, under the firm name of \nCrow & Evans. In September, 1862, he enlisted in the Missouri \nmilitia, Company E., Captain Tyre G. Harris. At the end of forty- \nfive days he received an adjutant\'s commission to rank as captain, and \nupon the organization of the first provisional regiment, he was retained \nas adjutant. In 1863 he was made Gen. J. B. Douglass\' adjutant- \ngeneral, with the rank of major, and so remained until January, 1865, \nwhen he was relieved from active duty. He then took charge of the \nenrolling clerk\'s office of the Ninth district, with headquarters at St. \nCharles. In July of the same year he removed to St. Louis, taking \ncharge of the books of the district until 1866. He was in no engage- \nments, his work being entirely office work. In 1866 he came to \nColumbia and accepted a position as book-keeper for Barth, Victor & \nMeyer, and continued with them until the failure of the firm in \nOctober, 1869. In February, 1870, he formed a partnership with \nMaupin and Allen, the style of the firm being Allen, Maupin & Co., \nin the grocery business. In November of the same year he sold out \nto his partners, and took the position of book-keeper in the Boone \nCounty National Bank, which position he has held until the present \ntime, and until July 22d had not lost a day from business in twelve \nyears. He was married September 14th, 1852, and is the father of \neight children, five boys and three girls. Silas D. ; Tyson D., a \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 859 \n\nphysician at Cedar City, Missouri; Hugh R. (deceased) ; Lanius D. ; \nPaul H. (deceased) ; Ida G. and Jessie Gertrude. He is a Mason, \nand both himself and wife are members of the Methodist church. \nMajor Evans is one of Columbia\'s staunch, reliable business men, and \nis regarded by all as a conscientious Christian gentleman. \n\nJAMES D. FAY. \n\nJames D. Fay, bricklayer, Columbia, Missouri, was born in Orange \ncounty. New York, April 20, 1852 : he came to Sedalia, Missouri, in \n1865, and in 1867 went to Covington, Kentucky, where he was edu- \ncated ; he attended school in the winter and worked at his trade in the \nsummer. He learned bricklaying at this place, serving an apprentice- \nship of three years. He came to Columbia in 1870, where he has re- \n-sided ever since ; he has devoted most of his time since coming to \n\xe2\x96\xa0Columbia to his trade and to the making of brick, for which work \nhe is well prepared. The brick furnished by him is of the very best \nquality. He has the largest brickmaking establishment in the county, \nand is now working twelve hands. The kiln will average about 300,- \n000 brick annually. It is located northeast of Christian college, within \nthe city limits. He has all the modern appliances for making pressed \nbrick, such as our people were formerly compelled to ship from a dis- \ntance ; he is prepared to make all the brick needed in Columbia and \nthe surrounding country ; he makes estimates and takes contracts for \nbuilding brick houses. Mr. Fay was married October 16, 1873, to \nMiss Henrietta, daughter of William Wingo. They have two sons \nand two daughters living. Mr. Fay is a member of the K. P. lodge, \nColumbia. Mrs. Fay is a member of the Baptist church. \n\nEDWARD FARLEY. \n\nEdward Farley, son of Edward and Mary (Smith) Farley, was born \nin county Cavan, Ireland, September 23, 1832 ; he came to the United \nStates in the spring of 1852, and settled in St. Louis, Missouri; he \nwas educated in Ireland, but learned the marble trade in St. Louis, \nserving an apprenticeship of three and a half years ; he remained in \nSt. Louis for seven years, when he went to Fulton, Callaway county, \nMissouri, where he stayed for one year, removing from there to Mex- \nico, where he was married June 6, 1860, to Miss Mary, daughter of \nWilliam Montgomery. By this union they had six children, one of \nwhom (John S.) is dead. The names of the living are Henry A., \nFrank L., William E., Lewis R. and Robert E. In the spring of 1861, \n\n\n\n860 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMr. Farley went to Iowa, where lie remained during the war. In ISGS- \nhe came to Macon City, Missouri, where he opened a marble shop in \npartnership with D. E. Wilson. He remained there one year, when \nhe returned to Mexico and engaged in the marble business, removing \nto Columbia the yeiir following, where he remained in business for five \nyears. From Columbia he went to Marshall, Missouri, where he re- \nmained for nine years in the marble business. In the year 1880 he \ncame back to Columbia and erected a large brick marble shop near \nthe court-house, where he is now actively engaged in his line of busi- \nness, employing two hands besides himself; he has three agents on \nthe road. He does work in the most artistic manner, using the finest \nItalian, Vermont and Pennsylvania marble ; he makes monuments and \nheadstones at prices ranging from ten to one thousand dollars each ; \nhis work is widely known, being represented in nearly all the ceme- \nteries of Boone and adjoining counties. He is doing a prosperous \nbusiness, which is well merited and generously bestowed. In addition \nto his marble works, he owns considerable real estate in Columbia.. \nMr. Farley is a member of the Catholic church. \n\nJAMES M. FEKGUSON. \n\nThis gentleman is the son of James and Martha (Vaughn) Fergu- \nson, and was born on his father\'s farm, five miles southwest of Colum- \nbia, on the old Providence road, February 25, 1846. He received his \neducation in the public schools of the county and at the State Univer- \nsity. In 1861 he began clerking for Dr. S. A. Victor, and served in \nthat capacity for about one year. In 1861-2 he was in the employ of \nT. B. Gentry, Esq., as deputy postmaster (and clerk in his business \nhouse). In 1863 he went to Jacksonville, Illinois, where he remained \nuntil the following year, when he returned to Columbia and engaged \nas clerk and salesman in the house of Moss & Prewitt. With this firm \nhe engaged five years. \n\nIn 1869 Mr. Ferguson began business for himself, forming a part- \nnership in the grocery trade with James S. Hickman, the firm name \nbeing Hickman & Ferguson. Two years later he disposed of his in- \nterest in the business to Hickman & McKim, and clerked for Strawn, \nHedden & Co for about a year. Returning from a visit to Kentuck}^ \nin the fall of 1872, he served as a salesman for the dry goods house \nof Wells & Marks in the years 1873-4. In the fall of 1875 he became \na member of the firm of Scott, Kennan & Ferguson in the grocery \ntrade, which partnership was continued for four years, or until 1879, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 861 \n\n"when J. W. Strawn was taken in. August 1, 1882, the firm became \nStrawn, Ferguson & Bouchelle, which is its present style. \n\nThis firm occupy new and spacious quarters in Whittle\'s block, cor- \nner of Ninth and Broadway. They have two departments, one devoted \nexclusively to the grocery trade, and the other to dry goods, notions, \nclothing, etc. They carry full lines and a large stock in every depart- \nment and branch of the business. Six clerks and salesmen are em- \nployed in the grocery department ; eight are at work in the dry goods \nroom. The area of both rooms is 92 by 4OV2 feet. The firm is com- \nposed of James M. Ferguson, J. W. Strawn and K. J. Bouchelle, and, \nas at present constituted, was organized August 1, 1882. \n\nJanuary 28, 1880, Mr. Ferguson was married to Miss Mattie Hughes, \nthe accomplished daughter of Joseph S. Hughes, the well-known \nbanker of Kichmond, Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Ferguson are the par- \nents of one child, named Joseph H. Mr. Ferguson is a member of \nthe Masonic order ; he is also a member of the Presbyterian church. \nMrs. Ferguson belongs to the Christian church. \n\nThe father of Mr. Ferguson died and was buried in Mexico in the \nyear 1846. His mother died in St. Louis in 1872, but was buried in \nthe Columbia cemetery. The subject hereof was the youngest child of \na family of children composed of three sons and two daughters, all of \nwhom are still living. \n\nPROF. JOSEPH FICKLIN, A. M., PH. D. \n\nJoseph Ficklin was born in Winchester, Clark county, Kentucky, \nSeptember 9, 1833 ; his father, Joseph Ficklin, Sr., was also a native \nof Kentucky, born in Mercer county in 1811. When Joseph, Jr., was \nan infant, his father removed to a farm near the little town of Salvisa, \nMercer county, Kentucky, and here the subject of this sketch learned \nto read and to write. At Salvisa also he obtained his first mathemat- \nical knowledge, learning the multiplication table from the back part \nof an old copy book. This was before he was eight years of age. In \n1841 Mr. Ficklin, Sr., removed to another farm between Pleasant Hill \nand Harrodsburg, the former a village inhabited by the Shakers. On \nthis farm Joseph lived until he was eighteen years of age, employing \nhis time at farm work and at labor in his father\'s wagon shop. He \nbecame a good wagon maker, for one of his years. Meanwhile all of \nhis leisure time had been devoted to the acquirement of an education, \na cherished object with him, and one to be pursued under difficulties. \nHis father was poor and had a large family to support, and the path \n\n\n\n862 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof a ]30or man was not a pleasant one in Kentucky at that day. But \nby the time " Joe " Ficklin was seventeen years of age he had, almost \nunaided, completed common arithmetic, made some progress in Latin, \nand had begun the study of Davies\' Elementary Algebra. \n\nIn the autumn of 1851 the senior Ficklin removed from Kentucky \nto Grundy county, Missouri. Joseph accompanied the family to St. \nLouis, and then went down the river to New Madrid, and there taught \nhis first school. Li February, 1852, he returned to Kentucky and \nlived with his grandfather, where he had the opportunity of attending \na good school until in September, 1853. Up to this period he had \nstudied, if not mastered, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, surveying, \nCsesar, Virgil, Horace, and had made some progress in Greek. He \nbought his books with money paid him by his grandfather for work \ndone ; the generous old gentleman charged him nothing for his board. \nSeptember 18, 1853, he came to Trenton, Grundy county, where his \nfather then lived. Here he borrowed money and went to the old Ma- \nsonic college at Lexington, entering the sophomore class in all the \ndepartments. At the close of the sophomore year his funds became \nexhausted, and, unable to procure more, he was reluctantly compelled \nto leave the college, which he never after attended as a student. Sub- \nsequently, however, it conferred on him the degree of A. B. \n\nIn the fall of 1854 he began teaching in the high school at Trenton, \nGrundy county, as principal. One of the trustees of the school, Mr. \nJames Terrill, did not look with much favor on the selection of Mr. \nFicklin. " I prefer a married man," said Mr. T. "I have two daugh- \nters who will attend the school, and I prefer that they be taught by \none of mature years, settled in life. This Mr. Ficklin is a single man, \nand will be falling in love with one of his young lady pupils one \nof these days." Mr. Terrill\' s worst fears were afterwards realized. \nMr. Ficklin did conceive the tender passion for one of his "young \nlady pupils," who was Miss Penelope Terrill, the daughter of the \nprophetic trustee himself! Who says there are no such sensations \nas premonitions of danger? Mr. and Mrs. Ficklin were married \nMarch 3, 1856. They are the parents of six children \xe2\x80\x94 Octavia, Nel- \nlie, John Bowman, Thomas Allen, Walter H. and Mary. Mrs. F. is \na native of Randolph county, Missouri, born October 10, 1837. \n\nIn 1859 Prof. Ficklin accepted the chair of mathematics in Bloom- \nington Female College, Illinois. He did not remain here long, how- \never, and in the early spring of the following year returned to Mis- \nsouri. In the autumn of 1860 he took charge of the public school at \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 863 \n\nLiiineus, Linn connty. At the close of the term he opened a select \nschool, but the civil war breaking out and continuing while he taught, \nhis school and his income were comparatively small. \n\nIn September, 1864, he left Linneus to accept the chair of mathe- \nmatics in the Christian Female College, at Columbia. About this time \na similar position was tendered him in Eminence College, Kentucky. \nProf. Ficklin had been in Columbia about one year when the professor- \nship of mathematics in the State University became vacant. Mean- \ntime he had been a contributor to the mathematical departments of \ncertain scientific journals, and had published solutions of certain intri- \ncate and difficult problems, which indicated superior and profound \nknowledge of mathematics on his part. One of these solutions fell \nunder the observation of President Lathrop, of the University. At a. \nmeeting of the officers of that institution to fill the vacancy in the \nmathematical chair. Dr. Lathrop said: "Gentlemen, are yon aware \nthat we have the very man for the place right here in Columbia? That \nlittle fellow over at Christian college is the very man we want." Thi& \nled to investigation, and resulted in the election of Prof. Ficklin to \nthe professorship of mathematics and astronomy in Missouri\'s great- \nest, noblest school, which position he now holds. \n\nIn 1874 the " little fellow from Christian college " received the de- \ngree of Ph. D. from the University of Wisconsin. The Univer- \nsity of Missouri had previously made him an artium magistei-, or \nMaster of Arts. He is also a Fellow of the American Association for \nthe Advancement of Science, whose sessions he attends when practi- \ncable, and before which organization he has read valuable papers. In \n1869 he assisted Prof. Snell, of Amherst college, in a revision of the \ncollege edition of Olmsted\'s Natural Philosophy, himself revising the \nentire mathematical portions of the work. In 1874 he published, \nthrough Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co., New York, his Complete \nAlgebra and his Algebraic Problems ; also, keys to both works. In \n1881 appeared from the house of A. S. Barnes & Co., New York, \nFicklin\'s Primary Arithmetic, Ficklin\'s Practical Arithmetic, Ficklin\'s \nNational Arithmetic, and Ficklin\'s Elements of Algebra, with keys to \nthe last three named. Prof. Ficklin\'s mathematical works have been \nwell received throughout the country, and his fame as a scientist is \nalready well established in the United States and in Europe. No man \nought to be more proud of reputation honestly gained and fairly main- \ntained than this " little fellow," and yet no man is less so. The La \nPlace of Missouri, he is "as common as an old shoe, \n\n\n\n^64 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand accessible as if he were still a country wagon-maker instead of a \nlearned professor and philosopher, and as genial and agreeable a com- \npanion as you shall meet anywhere, " on any summer\'s day." \n\nProf. Ficklin has been a member of the Christian church for twenty- \nsix years. He is a member of the Masonic order. In politics he \ntakes no very active part, but votes the Democratic ticket when he goes \nto the polls. He was a non-combatant during the civil war, the only \nskirmishes in which he was engaged being with the " rebellious " and \nrefractory boys of his school at Linneus, infrequent in number and not \nserious in character. His father served under Gen. Sterling Price a \nportion of the time during the war. \n\nThe fine telescope now in the University observatory was adjusted \nby Prof. Ficklin, who is its chief master and most frequent visitor. \nHe is a thoroughly practical astronomer ; is at home in every depart- \nment of mathematical science, whether it relates to the solution of \narithmetical problems or a discussion on the precession of the equi- \nnoxes. It is too early yet to write an appropriate sketch of the life, \ncharacter, and career of Joseph Ficklin. \n\nPROF. M. M. FISHER. \n\nProfessor Michael Montgomery Fisher was born in Parke county, \nIndiana, October 8th, 1834. He was educated atWaveland academy, \nMontgomery county, completing his studies at Hanover College, In- \ndiana, from which institution he received the degree of A. B., in 1855 ; \nand from the same college, in 1858, the degree of A. M. In 1868 he \nreceived the degree of D. D., from Westminster College, Fulton, Mis- \nsouri. At the age of sixteen taught in Pleasant Hill academy, Cape \nGirardeau county, Missouri, to get money to attend college. After \ngraduating in 1856, was chosen professor of Latin and Greek in West- \nminster College, Fulton, In 1857 was assigned to the Latin chair, \nwhich he held until 1861, when, with W. W. Hill, D. D., he estab- \nlished Bell wood Female academy, near Louisville, Kentucky. In \n1862 was recalled to Westminster and made chairman of the faculty \nof that institution, at the same time filling the chairs of Latin and \nMetaphysics. In 1870 he resigned, to accept the presidency of a fe- \nmale college, at Independence, Missouri, and at the same time assum- \ning the duties of pastor of the Presbyterian church of that city. His \nlabors in this field proved most successful, but he did not remain long \nat Independence. He was recalled to Westminster on the resignation \nof the Eev. Dr. Eice in 1874, and took charge of his professorship. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 865 \n\n111 1877 he was elected professor of Latin in tlie Missouri State Uni- \nversity, which position he has filled with great ability ever since. Few \nmen are more closely identified with the educational interests of this \nState, and not one, perhaps, of his age, has taught so long, he hav- \ning been a teacher in Missouri for twenty-six years. Prof. Fisher \nis not only justly distiugnished as a teacher, but equally so, perhaps, \nas an author. In 1878 he published a pamphlet entitled " The Three \nPronunciations of Latin," which excited much controversy. In 1879, \nin response to numerous requests from American teachers of Latin, \nhe published a more comprehensive work on the same subject, entitled \n" Fisher on the Three Pronunciations of Latin." This work has al- \nread passed through two editions, and the demand for it, both in this \ncountry and Europe, is very great. We have numerous testimonials \nbefore us, from which we can make but a few brief extracts. The St. \nLouis Republican says of it : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWe shall not attempt a synopsis of a book that sti\'ikes us as handling most ably and \nthoroughly this question, in which scholars everywhere are so deeply interested. Of \nequal interest to all scholars, to all professional and scientific men, and may be regarded \nas indispensable to teachers of Latin. \n\nIn addition to the above there are a number of other press notices, \ntaken from the most influential papers of the country, published in al- \nmost every State of the Union ; also many flattering testimonials from \ni:.eachers, of which we select the following from Prof. T. W. Coit, of \nMiddletown, Connecticut : \n\nI am a total stranger to you, but take the liberty of a brother professor to offer you \nmy best thanks for your capital book on the pronunciation of Latin. But one thing I \nam fully persuaded of, and that is that our would-be classical reformers will not only \nmurder Latin, but slaughter English in the bargain. \n\nProf. Fisher is now a regular contributor to the New England Journal \n\nof Education. He is also engaged on a complete series of Latin text \n\nbooks. He is a member of the American Philological Association, \n\nand has read papers at its meetings. Prof. Fisher has been married \n\nthree times. First, in 1856, to Anna E. Atwood, daughter of Dr. \n\nU. T. Atwood, of St. Louis. She died in 1864. In 1866 he was \n\nmarried to Miss Bettie Blair Coleman, cousin of Gen. Frank P. Blair. \n\nSlie died in 1872. December, 1874, he was married to Miss Eliza \n\nGamble, daughter of Judge John W. Gamble, of Louisville. By the \n\nfirst marriage he has three children, Lizzie, Hamilton and Ernest. \n\nBy the second marriage, one son, Samuel Blair. By the last marriage \n\nthey have had four children, of whom three are living. Their names \n\niire, James M., Mary and Julia. The dead son was named Gamble. \n55 \n\n\n\n8^6 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHamilton is now engaged in the mercantile business at Terre Haute^ \nIndiana. Ernest is studying medicine at Sedalia, Missouri. The \nother children are with their parents. Dr. Fisher and his wife are \nboth members of the Presbj^terian church. He is also a Royal Arch \nMason. \n\nGEORGE E. FLOOD. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the only surviving son of Rev. Noah and \nJane L. (Ayers) Flood. He was born three miles north of Fulton, \nCallaway county, Missouri, November 2, 1848. Rev. Noah Flood, \nthe father of the subject of this sketch, was one of the ablest and \nmost useful preachers of his church, and the history of his eventful \nlife would fill a volume if written in detail. He was born in 1809, \nand landed in Missouri at the age of twenty with only his trade and \nfifty cents in money. He had learned the tailor\'s trade in Kentucky, \nand from time to time worked at the business in defraying his ex- \npenses while struggling for an education such as might well fit him \nfor the high calling to which he aspired and finally attained, but not \nby the easy paths usually pursued by modern divinity students. He \nobtained his education mostly at Alton, Illinois. Entering the minis- \ntry at an early age, he travelled extensively for several years, mostly \nin Missouri, preaching and organizing churches. He was pastor of \nWalnut Grove Church, near Rocheport, for twenty years. He was \nalso pastor of Bethlehem, Bonne Femme and New Salem churches, \nall in Boone county. He organized the church at Grand View, also \nin Boone. He was an earnest friend and promoter of educational \nenterprises, and did more in his humble way towards building up \nBaptist institutions of learning than most any other man of his de- \nnomination. Stephens College, William Jewell, and Mt. Pleasant \nall owe him a debt of gratitude as one of their principal benefactors. \nHe died August 11, 1873, and is buried at Richland, Callaway county, \nMissouri. Mrs. Flood is still living at the age of sixty -two. She re- \nsides in Columbia with her children. There were eleven children in \nall born to Noah Flood, five sons and six daughters, of whom only \none son and five daughters are now living. George, the only surviv- \ning son, was educated at the Missouri State University, graduating \nwith first honors in the agricultural department in 1873. He was \nawarded the prize medal on the day he graduated. He afterwards \ntook the degree of B. S., and in 1875 took his degree in the engineer \ndepartment. After completing his studies, he received the appoint- \nment of deputy surveyor under M. G. Quinn. In the fiill of 1875-76 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 867 \n\nhe taught school in Boone county, and the summer folio whig was a \ncandidate for county surveyor, but was defeated. In 1877 taught \nschool in Boone, and in 1878 taught in Callaway county. He alsa \nacted as deputy surveyor under Thomas H. Haley, of that county. \nEeturned to Boone county and taught school in 1879-80. In the \nsummer of 1880 acted as street commissioner of Columbia. In 1881 \nhe again attended the University and took another degree in higher \nmathematics. Was appointed deputy surveyor under W. E. Wright, \nwhich position he still holds. He is a member of the Baptist church \nand a Master Mason. He is a fine civil engineer and a practical sur- \nveyor, having devoted the best years of his life to the studies neces- \nsary to fit him for such duties. \n\nJOHN T. FYFER. \n\nJohn Thylo \'Fyfer was born in Quebec, Canada, February 3, 1835. \nWas educated at the French and English college of that city, learned \nGerman and French, and was early initiated in the wholesale trade, \nit being intended that he should represent his firm in the European \ntrade. At the age of nineteen he went to Orange county, Virginia, \nwhere he remained for three years. Afterwards came to Columbia \nand engaged in business with Jonathan Kirkbride. In 1860 formed a \npartnership with Mr. Trimble. He was married in 1868 to Miss \nLaura Berry, of Springfield, Missouri, Three daughters were born \nto them : Lizzie Kirkbride, Laura and Lou. They have developed \nconsiderable skill in music, having a family predilection that way. \nMrs. Fyfer died July 12, 1882, aged forty-seven. She was a graduate \nof Visitation convent, St. Louis, Missouri, and a lady of rare culture. \nShe was a member of the Episcopalian church. Mr. Fyfer is also a \nmember of the Episcopal church. He is also a Knight Templar. \n\nW. W. GARTH. \n\nWalter Warren Garth was born in Columbia, January 27, 1848. \nHis father is Jefierson Garth, one of the oldest and most prominent \ncitizens of Boone county, who came from Scott county, Kentucky, \nand settled here in 1836. Walter Garth was educated at the common, \nschools and at all three of the Columbia colleges \xe2\x80\x94 the University, the \nBaptist and the Christian. At the age of eighteen, or in the year 1866, \nhe was appointed deputy circuit clerk by John M. Samuel, the then in- \ncumbent of the office. He held this position until 1874, when he was \nelected to the office, and became, at the age of twenty-six, circuit \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nclerk and recorder of Boone county. In 1878, after a close and excit- \ning contest, he was reelected over Mr. Woodson, one of the most popu- \nlar men in the county. Mr. Garth has filled the office to the general \nsatisfaction of all the people, and has made for himself hosts of \nfriends by his courteous, accommodating conduct as a public officer \nand as a man. \n\nMr. Garth is a prominent member of the Masonic order. He has \ntaken all the degrees up to and including that of Knight Templar. \nHe has been master of the blue lodge ; T. I. G. M. of the council ; \nH. P. of the chapter, and E. C. of the commandery. He and Mrs. \nGarth are members of the Presbyterian church. \n\nOctober 7, 1867, when but nineteen years of age, Mr. Garth mar- \nried Miss Eva Samuel, a daughter of Hon. John M. Samuel, and a \nmost accomplished young lady, and a graduate of Bell wood seminary, \nKentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Garth have had born to them six children, \nfour of whom are yet living, viz. : Mary, Jefferson, Lucy and William. \nTheir oldest son, John, a bright, promising lad of thirteen, the pride \nand fond hope of his parents, and a favorite with all who knew him, \nwas one of the victims of the Samuel\'s pond disaster, November 29, \n1881, mention of which heart-rending circumstance is to be- found \n\xe2\x80\xa2elsewhere in this history. \n\nThe Garth family were Unionists, but not Kadical, during the civil \nwar. Samuel A. Garth, a brother of the subject of this sketch, com- \nmanded a company in the Federal service. Walter Garth is in poli- \ntics a Democrat, fully in accord with and strong in the faith of the \nparty founded by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Possessed \nof a genial, kindly nature, an active, intelligent spirit, troops of \nfriends, a splendid record as to past conduct, "Wat." Garth\'s future \nis promising, and his life can hardly fail of being a success. \n\nJEFFERSON GARTH. \n\nJefferson Garth was born in Scott county, Kentucky, May 22, 1803. \nHe is the son of John and Sally (Griffith) Garth. He came to Boone \ncounty, Missouri, in the fall of 1836. Nine years previous to emi- \ngrating to Missouri, he married Mary Ann, daughter of Gen. Robert \nS. Eussell. By this marriage they have had eight children, seven \nsons and one daughter, of whom two sons, Robert and Thomas Allen, \nare dead. Walter W. Garth, clerk of the circuit court, is the young- \nest of the family. William is a farmer in Clay county. Samuel has \n:a, cattle ranche in the Indian Nation, where he is now living. Henry H. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 869 \n\nis living in Eocheport, where he has a grocery store. James M. is \nliving on a farm four miles north of Rocheport. Lizzie, the only \ndaughter, is the wife of Col. C. T. Worley . Mrs. Worley is living with \nher parents. Mr. Garth has followed farming all his life. He has a \nfine farm of 600 acres, lying partially within the suburbs of Columbia. \nIt is well watered and timbered. Mrs. Garth is the only child of the \nRussell family now living. She is seventy-seven years old . Mr. Garth\' s \nfather died in 1836, and his mother a few years later. John Garth \nwas one of the largest farmers and slaveholders in Scott county. \n\nMAJOR GENERAL RICHARD GENTRY, DECEASED. \n\nOne of the most prominent characters of Boone county and of Mis- \nsouri in early days, was the distinguished citizen and soldier whose \nname heads this sketch. Gen. Gentry was born in Madison county, \nKy., August 21st, 1788. He was a son of Richard Gentry, Sr., Esq.,. \nof Virginia, and one of a family of nineteen children, sixteen sons and \nthree daughters. This family has numerous members and representa- \ntives throughout Missouri, the majority of whom are or have been \nprominently connected with the political history and the financial,, \ncommercial, and other vital interests of the State. \n\nEarly in life Richard Gentry, Jr., evinced a fondness and talent \nfor military service. When but nineteen years of age he received a \ncommission from Gov. Christopher Greenup, of Kentucky, appointing \nhim a lieutenant in the 19th Regiment of Kentucky militia. This com- \nmission bears date March 27th, 1808. Subsequently, June 18th, 1811,. \nhewas commissioned captain by Gov. Chas. Scott. September 1st,. \n1813, he was appointed by Gov. Isaac Shelby ensign of volunteers, \nand in this capacity served ni the war of 1812. He was under the \ncommand of Gen. Harrison and his service was rendered on the- \nnorthern border. He took part in different engagements with the \nBritish and Indians, including the battle of the Thames, in Canada, \nOctober, 1813. After his removal to Missouri, Gen. Gentry received \nthe following commissions in the military service of the State : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nFrom Gov. Alex. McNair, April 20th, 1821, as captain of the 4th \ncompany, 2d battalion, 14th regiment, 1st brigade, 1st division of \nMissouri militia. \n\nFrom Gov. McNair, September 5th, 1822, as colonel of the 26th \nregiment, 1st brigade, 1st division. \n\nFrom Gov. John Miller, January 26th, 1832, as major-general of \nthe 3d division. \n\n\n\n870 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nFrom Gov. Lilburn W. Boggs, July llth, 1837, as colonel of the \n1st Missouri volunteers. \n\nFrom Gov. Boggs, September 12th, 1837, as major-general of the \n12th division of Missouri militia. \n\nIn 1816, Gen. Gentry came to Missouri, and located first in St. \nLouis county. In 1818 he came to Old Franklin, Howard county, \nand in 1820 to Boone county, settling near Columbia. He was a \nmember of the Smithton town company. Upon the removal of the \ncounty seat, he settled permanently in Columbia, which was his \nhome while he lived. From 1826 to 1830 he was the State Senator \nfrom this district. In 1832 he commanded the Missouri troops on \nthe expedition to northeast Missouri during the Black Hawk war. \n(See general history.) Five years later he was authorized by the Sec- \nretary of War, Joel R. Poinsett, to raise a regiment of Missouri vol- \nunteers for service in the Florida war against the Seminoles, which \nhe did. (See general history for full and interesting particulars.) \nIt is generally known that Gen. Gentry fell at the battle of Okeecho- \nbee, Florida, Christmas day, 1837. The Missouri troops were dis- \nmounted, and with their colonel at the head, were crossing a swamp \nto attack the Seminoles. Col. G. waved his sword and cried out to \nhis men: "Come on, boys!" Immediately he was struck by a \nbullet from an Indian rifle and mortally wounded. His wound was \nthrough the bowels ; a silk handkerchief was drawn through it, which \ncircumstance will indicate its character. He died at about the ensu- \ning midnight. Before his death he sent for Gen. Zachary Taylor, \nthe commanding officer, and requested him to do the Missouri regi- \nment full justice and give it proper credit for its services. Col. \nGentry\'s son, Harrison Gentry, who was sergeant-major of the regi- \nment, was wounded in the arm in the same engagement. \n\nThe history of the services of Gen. Gentry is so interwoven Avith the \nhistory of Boone county, and set out so fully on other pages of this \nvolume, that it would be a work of superogation to write it here. \nWhat is here written is partly a repetition of matter to be found else- \nwhere. His remains lie in Jefierson Barracks, St. Louis, and he \n\nDreams of battle fields no more \xe2\x80\x94 days of danger, nights of waking. \n\nThey were brought from Florida and interred by the General Gov- \nernment, Brig-Gen. Atkinson having especial charge of that duty. \n\nPrior to the Black Hawk and Florida war \xe2\x80\x94 say about 1830 \xe2\x80\x94 Gen. \nGentry was engaged in the Santa Fe trade, and made several trips to \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 871 \n\nlS[ew Mexico in the prosecution of his business, in which he was fairly- \nsuccessful. \n\nIn person, Gen. Gentry was about six feet in height, and weighed \n200 pounds. He was of a robust physique and of an active tempera- \nment. His eyes and hair were dark, if not black, and he was a fine \nspecimen of noble manhood both in appearance and reality. His por- \ntrait, by Geo. C. Bingham, now in the possession of his son, T. B. \nGentry, Esq., is said to be a good likeness. He was a member of the \nPresbyterian church, and belonged to the order of Free Masons. In \npolitics, he was a Jackson Democrat, and a warm personal and politi- \ncal friend of Col. Thos. H. Benton, who, from his seat in the TJ. S. \nSenate, sent numerous letters of condolence to Mrs. Ann Gentry, the \ncolonel\'s widow, upon her husband\'s death, and secured for her the \nposition o\xc2\xb1 postmistress at Columbia, which position she held for more \nthan thirty consecutive years, being first commissioned, February \n20th, 1838, by Amos Kendall, postmaster-general. Gen. Gentry, \nhimself, had previously held the ofllce, being first appointed January \n12th, 1830, by P. M. Gen. Wm. T. Barry. \n\nGen. Gentry had a family of interesting children, all of whom at- \ntained greater or less distinction, that arrived at maturity. Harrison \nGentry, who was wounded at Okeechobee, died in Columbia in 1871. \nNicholas H. Gentry took service under Gen. Price, upon the outbreak \nof the civil war, and died from wounds received at the battle of \nWilson\'s Creek. O. P. Gentry, a prominent citizen of Monroe \ncounty, died at Paris, Mo., in 1881. Thos. B. Gentry, the only \nsurviving son of the family, resides at Columbia ; his biographical \nsketch will be found elsewhere. Miss Ann Eliza Gentry was a lady \nof rare talents and attainments ; a woman renowned as well for her \naccomplishments as for her general qualities. She was celebrated as \na teacher, and was at first assistant to Miss Lucy Wales, of Colum- \nbia, and afterwards connected with other educational institutions in \ndifferent parts of the State, notably with Grand Kiver College, \nGrundy county. She first married a Mr. Bryan and afterward be- \ncame the wife of a gentleman named Elliott. She died in Vernon \ncounty, in 1879. \n\nGen. G. was married February 13th, 1810, to Miss Ann Hawkins, \nof Kentucky, a daughter of Nicholas Hawkins, an old soldier of the \nRevolution. They became the parents of thirteen children, only two \nof whom are now living, Thos. B. and Mary, now the wife, of Boyle \nGordon, Esq. \n\n\n\n872 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nTHOS. B. GENTRY. \n\n\n\nThomas Benton Gentry, Esq., son of Gen. Richard Gentry, was \nborn in Columbia, October 13th, 1830, and was educated in the \nschools of his native county. Upon the death of his distinguished \nfather his mother was given the post-office at Columbia, and in 1855, \nhe entered the office as head clerk, which position he held for several \nyears, including the period of the civil war. Previous to this he had \nengaged in merchandising for a period of about twelve years. From \n1868 to 1878 he was justice of the peace. He served as one of the \ntrustees of the town of Columbia for many years, and has twice been \nchairman of the board. For five years he was the treasurer of the \nState University. \n\nOctober 30th, 1860, Mr. Gentry married Miss Mary Todd, a \ndaughter of Roger North Todd, the pioneer clerk of Boone county, a \nsketch of whose life appears elsewhere. Mr. and Mrs. Gentry have \ntwo sons, promising youths, who are in attendance at school in Colum- \nbia. The family lives in a pleasant and comfortable home in the sub- \nurbs of Columbia, with all the elements necessary to constitute hap- \npiness \xe2\x80\x94 health and strength, a fair competence, and hosts of warm \nfriends. In this home, Mr. Gentry has certain articles of historic in- \nterest and value pertaining to his renowned father. He has Gen. \nGentry\'s sword, epaulets (those of a major general), coat, chapeau, \nnumerous commissions etc., together with the flag of the regiment \ncommanded by Col. G. at the time of his death. A sketch of this \nbanner will be found in another part of this history. \n\nMr. and Mrs. Gentry are members of the Presbyterian church, of \nwhich Mr. G. has been an elder for nearly twenty years. He is also \na member of the order of Good Templars. In politics Mr. Gentry \nis conservative and not the slave of any party. Prior to the civil \nwas, he was a Democrat. During the war he was an unconditional, \nuncompromising Union man with no sympathy at all for secession. \nHe voted for Gen. Grant in 1868 and 1872, but since the latter \nnamed period has generally acted with the Democratic party, voting \nfor Tilden in 1876 and Hancock in 1880. In 1874 Mr. Gentry was \ngraduated from the law department of the State University, but is \nnot now an active practitioner. He lives in semi-retirement, in his \nbeautiful little home in the bosom of his excellent family, and is well \nknown as an estimable, honorable gentleman, generous and hospitable, \nmeriting and receiving universal esteem. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 873 \n\nJOHN BOYLE GORDON, DECEASED. \n\nJohn Boyle Gordon was born in Milford, Madison county, Kentucky. \nHis ftither, David Gordon, was a native of North Carolina who emi- \ngrated to Kentucky in an early day, and by shrewd management and \nenergy, laid the foundation of a considerable fortune. After estab- \nlishing himself in business, in Madison county, he married Miss Jane \nBoyle, sister of John Boyle, chief justice of Kentucky. Mrs. Adams, \nmother of Judge Washington Adams, of Missouri, is also another \nsister. The subject of this sketch was brought up on the farm and \nwas early inured to all the hardships of farm life, but had little appre- \nciation of agricultural pursuits. He attended the country schools of \nwinters and studied hard between sessions until he was prepared to \nteach school. He taught until he had procured means to place him- \nself at Transylvania University, Lexington, Kentucky, some twenty \nmiles from his father\'s home. There, under the instructions of Horace \nHolby, he made rapid progress in his chosen profession. He spent \ntwo years at this institution, being limited to- that period for the Avant \nof means. He returned home sorely puzzled as to what course to \npursue, as his father seemed not at all disposed to further his designs \nin procuring a legal education. In this dilemma, he approached W. \nH. Caperton, an eminent lawyer of the Richmond bar, who generously \nresponded to his appeal, giving him all the instruction in his power, \nand advancing him the means he stood so much in need of. Return- \ning to Transylvania, be completed his course and was admitted to \nthe bar. He commenced his professional career at the Richmond bar \nby forming a partnership with Col. John Speed Smith, brother-in-law \nto Cassius M. Clay. When thoroughly established in business, he \nmarried Miss Sophia, daughter of Nicholas Hawkins, a well-to-do \nfarmer of Madison county. In 1826, David Gordon, the father of \nJohn B., resolved to emigrate to Columbia, Missouri, and his son came \nwith him. At the time of their advent, Columbia contained but two \nor three houses, rude cabins hardly worthy the name of houses. \nThey found the people of Boone county, even at this early date, \\eiy \nmuch absorbed in politics, being about equally divided between the \nWhig and Democratic parties. The subject of this sketch, being an \nardent Whig, at once entered the arena of politics. He was directly \nchosen candidate for the legislature and elected. At the subsequent \nelection he was returned, and so on for five or six times in succession. \nThis was between 1830 and 1840. He was never beaten for office. \n\n\n\n874 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDuring; this time he was associated in the law business with Austin A. \nKing, afterwards governor oftiie State. King was a Democrat and \nwas once beaten by his partner. In 1839-40, when the location of \nthe State University was to be settled between Cole, Cooper, Calla- \nway, Boone and Howard \xe2\x80\x94 the county subscribing the most to get the \ninstitution \xe2\x80\x94 John B. Gordon took the stump, assisted by Hon. James \nS. Rollins. By their united efforts, and the unprecedented liberality \nof the people, Boone secured the University. About this time Mr. \nGordon took his younger brother, James M. Gordon, into his office \nand prepared him for the bar and for a life of future usefulness and \nhonor. In 1840 Mr. Gordon returned to Kentucky, and resumed the \npractice of his profession. His great success as a lawyer drew about \nhim a number of young men eager to learn of him and to profit by his \nprofound knowledge of law, among whom was Judge Samuel Miller, \nnow one of the Judges of the Supreme Court of the United States. \nMr. Gordon remained in Kentucky for about three years when he \nreturned to Columbia and gradually retired from the active duties of \nhis profession. He had six children, four sons and two daughters. \nMartha, the eldest of the daughters, married Judge Robert H. Clink- \nscales, formerly a prominent business man of Columbia, and for a brief \nperiod judge of the county court. Ida, the second daughter, married \nProf. Oren Root, Jr., formerly connected with the State University. \nBoyle, the eldest son, has been an able practitioner at the Columbia \nbar for many years, and a professor of law in the State University. \nWellington and Carey are also well-known attorneys of Columbia, \nMissouri. John B. Gordon, or " Jack," as he was familiarly called, \ndied on his farm, near Columbia, February 13th, 1855, ( ?) at the age \nof fifty-five years. \n\nCAREY H. GORDON. \n\nCarey H. Gordon is the son of John B. and Sophia (Hawkins) \nGordon. He was born in Columbia, Missouri, June 10th, 1844, and \nwas educated at the State University, attending the literary depart- \nment of that institution for three years, and afterwards the law de- \npartment for two years. Commenced the practice of law in 1872 with \nhis brother, Wellington Gordon, at Columbia. In 1864 he enlisted \nas a private in company B, 9th Missouri State Militia, and served \nthree years, leaving the army in March, 1865. In August, 1863, he \nwas transferred to a newly organized company of which he was made \nsecond lieutenant. Was at the battle of Kirksville, in Adair county, \nAugust, 1862. Was afterwards on a scout with ten men, some ten miles \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 875 \n\nfrom Liberty, in Clay county, Missouri, when they came in con- \nflict with Jesse James and his band. Two of Gordon\'s men were \nwounded and two horses shot. Three of the James band were \nwounded, the noted outlaw being of the number, losing one of his \nfingers. He sent Gordon word the next day, offering him a horse and \na suit of clothes if he would come to Kearney, Clay county, by him- \nself. Gordon returned auswer that he was not in need of a horse nor \nof clothing. Mr. Gordon resigned and left the service in March, 1865, \nto prosecute his studies at the State University. He was married in \n1876 to Miss Julia Long, of Bridgeton, St. Louis county, Missouri. \nThey have four children, two sons and two daughters: Boyle Jr., \nEdwin, Clara and Sophia. Mr. Gordon is a member of the Christian \nchurch. Mrs. Gordon is a member of the Baptist church. He is also \na member of the order of K. of P. He has followed farming in con- \nnection with his law practice since entering upon the active duties of \nlife. He has a good farm of 332 acres situated two miles east of Co- \nlumbia, on the Fulton gravel road. Mr. Gordon has a liberal share of \npractice at the Columbia bar. His father, John B. Gordon, was in \nhis day one of the ablest lawyers in central Missouri. He represented \nhis county in the legislature for sixteen years. \n\nWELLINGTON GORDON. \n\nWellington Gordon is the son of Hon. John B. and Sophia (Haw- \nkins) Gordon, and was born in Columbia, Mo., January 31st, 1838. \nHis father, John B., was born in Milford, Madison county, Kentucky, \nand was educated principally at Transylvania University, of Lexing- \nton, Kentucky. He studied law in the office of W. H. Caperton, of \nthe Richmond bar, and was admitted to practice, forming a most \nhappy partnership with Col. John Speed Smith, one of Kentucky\'s \nablest lawyers. After a few years of successful practice he married \nMiss Sophia Hawkins, daughter of Nicholas Hawkins, who had emi- \ngrated to Kentucky from Virginia some years before \xe2\x80\x94 1826. The \nwhole family of Gordons came to Columbia, Boone county, Missouri. \nMissouri, about this time, was receiving the best class of immigrants, \nand Boone county a very large proportion. Politics, being the legiti- \nmate, honored business of the most enlightened, soon called forth all \nthe energies and talents of John, who carried the county for the \nWhigs, and was elected to represent Boone county in the Legislature \nfor five successive terms, from 1830 to 1840, It is to the eloquence \nand energy of John B. Gordon that Columbia is indebted more than to \n\n\n\n876 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nany other man for the location of the State University at Columbia. \nIn 1840 he returned to Kentucky, practicing his profession and lec- \nturing on law to the young men of the State, who came to sit at his \nfeet, " learning the law their fathers loved." Returning to Missouri, \nhe retired from active practice, and devoted his time to the instruction \nof his children, who have since shown themselves worthy such a sire. \nHe died February 13th, 1853, ( ?) at the age of fifty-five years. He \nleft a family of six children, four sons and two daughters. Martha, the \neldest daughter, married Judge Robert H. Clinkscales. Ida married \nProf. Oren Root, Jr. Boyle, the oldest son, is now professor of law \nin the University. Emmett, Wellington, our subject, and Carey. \nWellington was educated at the University, taking the full classical \ncourse of four years. When a boy he was deputy circuit clerk in the \noffice of R. L. Todd for about fifteen months. Then he studied law in \nthe office ot his brother Boyle, completing the course in 1859, and \nopened an office in Kansas City, where he remained until the spring \nof 1860. He then went to Carrollton and practiced his profession \nfor about a year, when he returned to Columbia, and practiced in the \noffice of Guitar & Gordon until 1865. In 1866 he was elected \ncounty attorney, and served until 1872, when he was endorsed by \nan election to the office of prosecuting attorney, which office he filled \nacceptably for two years. Since that time Mr. Gordon has devoted \nhis time and talents to his lucrative practice in conjunction with his \nbrother, C. H. Gordon. He was married December 13th, 1866, to \nMiss Laura Amonett, daughter of Judge James Amonett, formerly \nof Virginia. Mrs. Gordon, nee Amonett, was born in Louisiana, and \nat the age of thirteen removed to the city of Memphis, Tenn., where \nshe was living at the time of her marriage. Their union has been \nblessed with five children \xe2\x80\x94 Kate, Reverdy, Fleetwood, Ida and \nMattie. Mr. Gordon has a fine residence in the northeastern part of \nColumbia. He is regarded as an able lawyer and a thorough gen- \ntleman . \n\nW. A. GOODDING. \n\nW. A. Goodding is the son of J. C. and Elizabeth (Dameron) \nGooddiug, the former of Kentucky, the latter of North Carolina. \nW. A. was born in Randolph county, Missouri, October 26th, 1846. \nHis father removed to Macon in 1847. Youno- Goodding: was educated \nat the Mount Pleasant College, Huntsville, and at the Kirksville Normal \nCollege. He returned to Randolph in 1865, and in 1872 came to \nBoone county. He engaged in coal mining on a large scale at Brown\'s- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 877 \n\nStation. He was married December 25th, 1873, to Martha E., daugh- \nter of Lewis G. Berry, of Boone. They have four children : Nettie \nE., Lena, Charlie E. and Bessie. Mr. and Mrs. Goodding are mem- \nbers of tlie Baptist church. He is a Mason, K. T., H. P. of chapter, \nalso K. of P. He is also a member of A. O. U. W. He was a no- \ntary public for six years. His home is in Columbia. He has always \nvoted the Democratic ticket, and at the primaries in August, 1882, \nafter an animated canvass, received the nomination of his party for \nsheriff by a decided majority. \n\nGEN. ODON GUITAR. \n\nGen. Guitar is of French-English extraction, his father, John Guitar, \n1)6 ing a native of Bordeaux, France, and his mother being of English \nblood. She was a native of Kentucky, and a daughter of David \nGordon, deceased, one of Boone county\'s pioneers. Her given name \nwas Emily, and she was a niece of Chief Justice Boyle. Gen. Guitar \nwas born in Kichmond, Madison county, ~ Kentucky, August 31st, \n1827. His parents moved to Boone county, Missouri, in 1829, bring- \ning the two-year-old Odon with them to Columbia, where they located, \nand the elder Guitar did business as a merchant till his death in 1848. \nGen. Guitar was educated wholly in Boone county, attending the \ncommon schools till his fifteenth year, when he entered the University \nof Missouri at its first opening session in 1842, and graduated in 1846 \nwith the degree of A. B. His degree was conferred while he was on \nhis way to Santa Fe. He had volunteered for the Mexican war in \nCol. (afterwards Gen.) Doniphan\'s regiment, and did not remain at \ncollege for commencement, but left his graduating speech to be read \nby a classmate. Gen. Guitar served through the entire Mexican war, \nand on his return began the study of law in the office of his uncle, \nHon. John B. Gordon, then one of the leading members of the Mis- \nsouri bar, and recognized as the first orator of the State at that time. \nHe was admitted to the bar in 1848 before Judge William Hall, of the \ncircuit court, and at once began the practice, which he prosecuted as \nhis chief vocation till April, 1882. When the great civil war came \non. Gen. Guitar was Union in sentiment, and was commissioned in \nMay, 1862, by Gov. Gamble to recruit a regiment of volunteers for \nthe Federal service. This regiment was from several diflTerent coun- \nties, and was mustered in as the Ninth Cavalry, M. S. M. He com- \nmanded the regiment till his promotion in June, 1863, when he was \ncommissioned brigadier-general of the M. S. M., and also of the \n\n\n\n878 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nE. M. M. Both these promotions were for galhmt and meritorious- \nservice in the field. For a complete record of the campaigns in which \nGen. G. participated, the reader is referred to the war history depart- \nment of this volume. He was the first commandant of the central \nSub-district of Missouri, with headquarters at Jefferson City. After \n\n\n\n\nthe war, he resumed his practice in the law, and continued it at Co- \nlumbia till the date above mentioned. In 1853-4, and again in \n1857-8, he represented his county in the General Assembly, having \nbeen elected on the Whig ticket. Since the dissolution of that party, \nhe has been a Liberal Republican, though he has taken no active part \n\n\n\nHISTORr OF BOONE COUNTY. 879\' \n\nin politics, and has not sought either the honors or emoluments of \npublic trusts. Gen. Guitar was married in December, 1865, to Kate \nL., youngest daughter of Judge Abiel Leonard, deceased, formerly \nof Howard county. They are the parents of five children, four \ndaughters and one son, all of whom survive at this writing. Gen. G. \nis not a member of any lodge or society of any kind. He owns several \nfarms in Boone county, but the principal part of his estate is in town \nproperty in Columbia. He is one of those citizens of prominence \nwho take an active interest in all public afiairs and in everything per- \ntaining to the country\'s welfare. While in the practice of the law \nGen. G. paid most attention to criminal cases, and defended in a large \nnumber of homicide cases. Only one of his clients was ever hanged, \nand but five sent to the penitentiary. The others were all acquitted, \nfour of whom were saved by the adroit management of their counsel \nafter conviction and sentence to execution. \n\nAltogether, the Ijfe of Gen. Odon Guitar has been a success, and \nhis record is one of which any man might well be proud. \n\nHUGH M. HALL. \n\nThe subject of this notice is the son of Mortimer and Mary (French) \nHall, and was born in Boone county, Missouri, October 5th, 1847. \nWhen quite a child he went to live with an uncle, S. Jli. French, and \nlived with him until he was sixteen years of age, when he commenced \nteaching school and taught from 1863 until 1872. Two years of hi& \nteaching was in Morgan county, Missouri. He then followed farming,,, \nfor four years, until March, 1882, when he was appointed deputy coun- \nty clerk of Boone county, which position he still retains. He had the \nmisfortune to lose an arm on the 12th day of October, 1861, by get- \nting it crushed between the rollers of a cane-mill on the farm of J. D. \nFrench. He was elected a justice of the peace in November, 1872, of \nKockyfork township and served as justice for ten years. He was mar- \nried September 7th, 1871, to Miss Sue T., daughter of Jackson Hern- \ndon. By this union they have had five children, one boy and four \ngirls \xe2\x80\x94 Mary L., born September 17th, 1872 ; Carrie E., born March \n26th, 1874; Sallie A., born April 18th, 1875; Hugh E., born Janu- \nary 12th, 1877, and Wilmuth, born July 8th, 1879. Mr. Hall and his \nwife are members of the Christian church and he is a member of the \nKnights of Pythias. His father is a native of Virginia and is still liv- \ning near Hallsville, Boone county. His mother is dead. Hugh wa& \n\n\n\n\'^^t^ tA^^?A^ \n\n\n\n880 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY \n\nthe only child. He is one of the most efficient of Boone\'s county of- \nficers and is a genial pleasant gentleman. \n\nDR. E. W. HERNDON. \n\nDr. Eugene Wallace Herndon was born February 4th, 1836. He was \neducated at Franklin College, Tennessee, graduating as A. B. in class \nof 1852. In 1855 he received the degree of A. M. from the same insti- \ntution. Graduated at the Nashville Medical College in 1855, being at \nthe time but nineteen years old. After completing his medical educa- \ntion he came to Clarksville, Missouri, and began the practice of his \nprofession. In 1859 he commenced the study of law. Took the degree \nof LL. D. at Harvard University in 1861. In 1859 he began the \npublication of the P^\xe2\x96\xa0A;e County Union, at Clarksville, which he con- \ntinued until 1860. He supported Bell and Everett for president and \nvice-president. Dr. Herndon was a Union man at the beginning of \nthe war, but the violent expression of Northern sentiment caused \nhim to take sides with the South. He was not a " secessionist, " but \nentered the army as a rebel. Assisted Col. Caleb Dorsey, of Pike \ncounty, in raising a regiment for service in the Missouri State Guard. \nWas appointed surgeon of this regiment. Left Pike county in De- \ncember, under Col. Dorsey, to join Price\'s army, and was in the bat- \ntle with Gen. Prentiss at Mt. Zion church, in this county, an account \nof which may be found elsewhere in this volume. Reached the Confed- \nerate army at Cove Creek, where he was regularly commissioned a sur- \ngeon by Governor Jackson and assigned to duty under Gen. Martin \nGreen. He was afterwards division surgeon under Gen. Parsons. \nAfterthe battle of Pleasant Hill, was made chief surgeon of all the forces \nin West Louisiana and a member of Gen. Bagley\'s staff. Was at \nElkhorn, Farmington, Prairie Grove, Helena, Mansfield and Pleasant \nHill. Surrendered at Shreveport, Louisiana, in the spring of 1865 and \nreturned to Missouri. For the next year or two he followed farming in \nPettis county, after which he came to Columbia, where he has re- \nmained ever since. From 1869 to 1870 was editor of the Boone \nCounty Journal. Dr. Herndon was married in 1865 to Miss Laura E. \nUuby, of Randolph county. She died in 1881, leaving no children. \nDr. Herndon is a Mason. He is a member of the Council, of which he \nwas first high priest, and also first high priest of the Chapter. He is \na member of the Christian church and is now editor of the Christian \nQuarterly Revieio, a publication of 144 pages, and the only periodical \nof the kind published in the interest of that denomination. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 881 \n\n\n\nGEORGE W. HENDERSON. \n\n\n\nGeorge W. Henderson, son of E. F. and Catherine (Brinkman) \nHendierson, was born in St. Louis, March 10, 1847. Was educated \nat the public schools of St. Louis. Commenced his business career \nin 1857, clerking in a candy store in St. Louis. In 1859, he clerked \nfor John Barnhurst, of St. Louis, in a dry goods store, continuing \nthus until 1869, when Barnhurst moved his store to Columbia, Mis- \nsouri, and Mr. Henderson came with him and remained in his em- \nployment until the latter part of 1870, when he went into the grocery \nbusiness under the firm name of Gentry & Henderson. Continued \nthe business thus for about seventeen months when he took William \nT. Shock into partnership, under the firm name of Shock & Hender- \nson. The business was conducted thus for about two years, then \nchanged to Henderson, Shock & Co., and so remained until 1876, \nwhen Mr. Henderson sold out his interest to Lafayette Hume. In \nJune, 1876, he became one of the proprietors of the Columbia Mills, \nhis partners being Messrs. Anderson and Smith. In 1878 the firm \nchanged to Anderson, Henderson & Co., and so remained until Feb- \nruary 6, 1882. As a business man Mr. Henderson has few equals, \nand perhaps no superior in this section of the country. He com- \nmenced life without anything, and has by energy, and good manage- \nment accumulated a handsome estate, and this too in a brief period of \ntime. His father is living in Columbia at the age of sixty-five years. \nHis mother died in 1875. He is one of six children, five sons and one \ndauo\'hter, all of whom are livino- but one son, who died in childhood. \nThe subject of this sketch is the youngest of the family. Mr. Hen- \nderson was married September 10, 1874, to Miss Mary, daughter of \nJudge Henry and Mary (Depew) Dusenberry. They have one son, \nBenjamin E. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson are members of the Meth- \nodist Church South. He is also a member of the Masonic fraternity. \n\nCOL. JOHN J. HICKMAN. \n\nCol. Hickman is known to the entire West as one of the greatest \ntemperance advocates living. He was born in Lexington, Kentucky, \nMay 26, 1839, his parents \xe2\x80\x94 Hon. James L. Hickman and wife \xe2\x80\x94 \nbeing also natives of Kentucky. The family was originally from Vir- \nginia, and the colonel\'s father was a gallant soldier of the war of \n1812. Thomas Metcalfe, uncle of John J.\'s mother, was governor of \nKentucky from 1828 to 1832. Col. H. received his earlier education \n\n56 \n\n\n\n882 HISTORY or boone county. \n\nin the city of his birth, and after the death of his father (which oc- \ncured while John was still quite young), he went with his mother (a \nrefined lady of the true American type) to southern. Kentucky, where \nat the early age of nineteen, he was married to Miss Lizzie Hollings- \nworth, a lady one year younger than himself, and every way worthy \nof so distinguished a husband. In early married life he engaged in \nagricultural pursuits, afterwards studying law and medicine, but \nabandoned his professional studies at the commencement of the war. \nAfter the war he engaged in the life and fire insurance business of \nwhich he made an eminent success, always commanding the highest \nsalaries. In May, 1867, he joined the South CarroUton Lodge No. 20, \nand- at once became an active worker in the temperance cause. Soon \nafterwards he was commissioned State deputy with headquarters at \nLouisville and did valiant service. In October, 1868, he was himself \nelected G. W. C. T., and quit a lucrative employment to devote his \nentire time to the work of the order. He held the office three succes- \nsive years, and retired Avith the gratification of knowing that under \nhis administration the order had increased from 3,000 members \nwith sixty working lodges, to 25,000 members with more than 500 \nworking lodges. In one of these years, he organized 100 lodges with \na chartered membership of more than 4,000, besides adding thousands \nto the lodges already established. He first entered the Right Worthy \nGrand Lodge at its Oswego, N. Y., session in May, 1869, and imme- \ndiately took rank as a representative Good Templar, and was ap- \npointed R. W. Grand Marshal. At Baltimore he was elected R. W. \nG. Counsellor, and unanimously reelected at the Madison session in \nMay, 1872. He did not attend the London session in 1873, but was \nelected R. W. G. T. the next year at the Boston session. He was \nreelected in 1875, and yet again in 1876, and in the latter year was \nsent as a "missionary" to Great Britain, where he spent several \nmonths reorganizing the Grand Lodges of England, Ireland, Scot- \nland, Wales, and the Isle of Man. On his return, he declined a re- \nnomination at the Portland session, in 1877, and was succeeded by \nTheo. D. Kanouse, of Wisconsin, who retired after two years, and \nCol. Hickman was again elected R. W. G. T. He is the second man \nwho has been recalled to that high office, after having gone out of it \nfor any reason. \n\nCol. Hickman is beyond question, the best known citizen, person- \nsally, of Boone county, his reputation as a temperance worker being \nworld-wide, and his personal acquaintance being enjoyed by many \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 883 \n\neminent temperance people of Europe. His presence is com- \nmanding, and is of that easy dignity that invariably bespeaks a born \ngentleman. He is recognized by all as one of the greatest temperance \norators living, and he certainly merits the full measure* of the distinc- \ntion to which he has attained. His family consists of his wife and two \nsons \xe2\x80\x94 James K. and Newton H. James K. married Miss Anna \nWoods, daughter of Adam Woods, of Howard county. Col. Hickman \nis now a citizen of Columbia, and is as zealous and untirino: in the \ntemperance cause as in the days of his earlier manhood. \n\nGreat in heart, deed, and morals, Columbia should be proud that \nhe is numbered with the other distinguished citizens of the "Athens \nof Missouri." \n\nCOL. ELI HODGE. \n\nCol. Eli Hodge was born in Montgomery county, Kentucky, Octo- \nber 28th, 1839, and came with his father to Boone county in 1857. \nHe followed farming until 1861, when he cast his fortunes with the \nSouth, joining Peacher\'s company of what was then known as the \nMissouri State Guard. He enlisted as a private and participated in \nthe battles of Drywood and Lexington. In the spring of 1862 \nbecame adjutant of Col. Gid. Thompson\'s regiment. Was in the \nLone Jack fight and at Elkhorn, where he was wounded in the thigh. \nTook part in the battle of Prairie Grove, where his horse was shot. \nWas at Springfield, Cape Girardeau and Hartville, and in fact all the \nbattles in which Gen. Joe Shelby took part. In the fall of 1864 came \ninto Boone, Audrain and Howard recruiting for Confederate service. \nAt Waverly was placed in command of 485 men and started for \nPrice\'s army, but failed to join it on the retreat from Independence. \nHe went in a southwest direction. En route was attacked by Feder- \n-als at Cassville, where he lost 150 men, killed, captured and missing. \nFinally reached the Confederate army at Clarksville, Texas. On the \nreorganization of Col. D. Williams\' regiment he was made a lieutenant- \ncolonel. When the army disbanded he was at Corsicana, Texas. \nHe went into Old Mexico, where he stayed for three years. Returned \nto Boone county in 1868. In 1874 was elected collector. On assum- \ning the duties of this office, removed to Columbia where he still re- \nsides. Served two years as collector. Was a member of the board \nof trustees for two years and a school director when the new school- \nhouse was contracted for. Col. Hodge was married September 1, \n1868, to Mary L. Craig, a native of Virginia, but at the time of her \n.marriage a resident of Boone county. They have had five children. \n\n\n\n884 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfour of whom are now living. Col. Hoclge is a member of the Masonic \norder, a K. P., A. O. U. W. and K. of H. He is also a member of \nthe Baptist church. Mrs. Hodge is a Presbyterian. \n\nC. C. HOPPER. \n\nThis gentleman, the senior member of the firm of C. C. Hopper & \nCo., dealers in groceries, provisions, etc., Columbia, is a son of James \nE. and Mary (Herrington) Hopper, and was born in Boone county^ \nNovember 13, 1842. His parents were natives of Madison county ^ \nKentucky, born in 1818 ; his father, .Tames Hopper, Jr., is still living^ \non his farm, five miles south of Columbia; his mother died in 1877. \nOn his father\'s side Mr. Hopper is of Irish descent, and his immediate \nancestors were among the pioneers of this county. His grandfather, \nJames Hopper, Jr., was a native of Kentucky, and came to Boone \nabout the year 1824. \n\nC. C. Hopper was raised on his father\'s farm and received a good \ncommon school education. At the age of twenty-one he started in \nlife for himself, first working for James McConathy, the noted Boone \ncounty miller and distiller. Two years later he bought a farm, six \nmiles south of Columbia, on which he lived some ten years, when he \ncame to Columbia and engaged in the grocery and drug trade. After \nfollowing this business some three years, he abandoned it on account \nof failing health and returned to his farm. In 1879 he again came to \nColumbia and, after running a meat market for about a year, he en- \ngaged in his present business. He still owns his farm, however. \n\nOctober 22, 1863, Mr. Hopper married Miss Annie Groom, a native \nof Boone county, and a daughter of James and Maria (Payne) Groom, \nof Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Hopper are the parents of six livings \nchildren, viz. : Robert, William, Virginia, Ida Lenoir, James Hender- \nson and John Bingham. Mr. and Mrs. H. are both members of the \nMethodist church, and Mr. H. belongs to the Knights of Honor. \n\nCOL. MAJOR HORNER, DECEASED. \n\nWas born in Chesterfield county, Virginia, December 29, 1787. \nHis parents were agricultural people, and he was reared on the farm. \nIn 1812 he was married to Miss Keturah Morgan, near Richmond, \nand soon afterwards moved to that city, where he engaged in the \nmanufacture of barrels for the large flouring mills there. While liv- \ning in Virginia he served in the war of 1812, in the commissary de- \npartment. In 1819 he moved to Howard county, Missouri, and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 885 \n\nbought a farm eight miles east of Fayette, and remained there 20 \nyears, next removing to Randolph county and locating three miles \neast of Huntsville, on which farm he remained till 1864, when he \nmoved to St. Louis. Remaining there two years, he next moved to \nColumbia, Boone county, where he remained until his death. He \ndied March 8, 1867, while on a visit to his son, James S. Horner, \n\xe2\x96\xa0of Huntsville, being in his seventy-ninth year. After coming to Mis- \nsouri he enlisted in the militia for the purpose of repelling some In- \ndian attacks in Missouri. He was colonel of the militia in Howard \ncounty for eight years, and on leaving was succeeded by Col. Joe \nDavis. In 1838, during the Mormon war, he was appointed pay- \nmaster by Gov. Boggs, with the rank of colonel. In paying off the \ntroops, after payment was made, his clerk informed him that a con- \nsiderable amount remained to his credit on account of the odd cents \nnot being paid to the soldiers on settlement. Col. Horner instantly \ndirected the clerk to return it to the State treasury, which was done, \nbeing the only instance of the kind on record, and fully exemplifying \nthe character and integrity of the man. He was also appointed to \npay off the Missouri troops after the Black Hawk war. He served \none term in the State legislature, and was a member of the State \nsenate when the civil War came up, and was among the number who \nrepaired to Neosho pursuant to the call of Gov. Jackson. Though a \npronounced Southern man in his feelings, he was too old to take any \nactive part in the w^ar. On account of his sympathies he was com- \npelled to leave his farm and move to St. Louis. \n\nCol. Horner became the father of ten children, five sons and five \ndaughters, eight of whom lived to be grown: Sarah A. E., Edward \nB., John P., Lucy J., Fannie H., Laura R., James S., and Rebecca \nJ. Only Sarah, John P. and Lucy J. are living at this writing, and \nall reside in Columbia. John P. Horner is one of the most substan- \ntial business men of the county, and has held several important offi- \ncial and political trusts since his residence here. He is a leading \nDemocrat, and one of the most efficient members of the M. E. Church \nSouth. Col. Major H. was also an active member of the same church, \nhaving united therewith when about twenty years of age. He was \nlikewise a Democrat, prominent in politics, and so rigid a temperance \nman that from the age of twenty-five years, he never so much as tasted \nliquor even for medical purposes. He was one of the earliest curators \nof the University, and assisted in selecting the site on which the \nlunatic asylum is located at Fulton, and participated in laying the \n\n\n\n886 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncorner stone of that institution. At one time he was one of the county \ncourt judges of Eandolph county, which, like all other trusts, he \ndischarged faithfully. He lies buried at the family burying ground \nat Sugar Creek church, in Randolph county, having passed a life \nof honor of which his children and friends may ever speak with \npride and gratitude. \n\nDR. NEWTON HOCKENSMITH. \n\nDr. Hockensmith is a son of Newton and Jane (Palmer) Hocken- \nsmith, and was born June 18, 1846, in Independence, Jackson \ncounty, Missouri. His father was a native of Jessamine county, \nKentucky. He first settled at Richmond, Ray county, Missouri, \nand from there he moved to Independence, Missouri. His mother, \nJane Palmer, was a daughter of Elder Frank Palmer, a noted \ndivine, and a member of the board of curators of the State Uni- \nversity. She was also a neice of ex-Gov. Robinson, of Kentucky. \nWhen the cholera scourged Independence so terribly in 1852, Dr. \nHockensmith\' s family were sorely stricken, himself, wife and one daugh- \nter dying of that dread disease within forty-eight hours. He was a \nleading physician of Independence. By their marriage they had four \nchildren, three boys and one girl, none of whom are living save our \nsubject, who was the second child. Dr. Hockensmith has a thorough \neducation \xe2\x80\x94 going first to the Dover High School, Liberty High School, \nMissouri; Westminster College at Fulton, Missouri, and at the Ken- \ntucky University, Lexington, Kentucky. While at Lexington he \nstudied for the ministry, and was ordained to preach in the Christian \nChurch at Independence, Missouri. He preached occasionally at \nKansas City, but his first regular charge was at Plattsburg, Missouri, \nwhere he remained two years. He then came to Columbia, and did \nevangelical work in Boone, Callaway and Howard counties, practicing \ndentistry when not actively engaged in his nobler work. While liv- \ning at Independence he studied medicine under Dr. Bryant, father of \nPresident George S. Bryant, of Chrisitian College, Columbia, Mis- \nsouri. He attended one session of the medical department of the \nState University in 1873 and 1874, and has been practicing dentistry \nfor three years in Columbia. He enjoys a large and remunerative \npractice, and is a gentleman in the fullest sense. He was married \nNovember 1, 1866, to Miss Jennie, daughter of Samuel and Martha \n(Jefi\'ries) Watson, of Callaway county, Missouri. By this union they \nhave had four children, two boys and two girls. Frank (deceased), \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOOjSTE COUNTY. 887 \n\nEowena, Fannie and Watson. He is one of the leaders of the Chris- \ntian Church at Columbia, and is also president of the board of county \ncommissioners of Boone county. \n\nPROF. WILLIAM P. HURT. \n\nProf. William P. Hurt is a native of Montgomery county, Ken- \ntucky, where he was born November 22, 1824. His parents, John \nP. and Elizabeth (Pebworth) Hurt, moved to Sangamon county,. \nIllinois, in 1839, but did not remain there but one year, when they \nreturned to Montgomery county, Kentucky, where the subject of this \nsketch received such education as the common school could impart. \nAt the age of eighteen he taught school in Clark county, Kentucky. \nIn 1844-45, attended school at the Highland Institute, Mount Ster- \nling, Kentucky. In 1846 he resumed teaching in his native county. \nIn the summer of that year he enlisted in the Mexican Avar, in Com- \npany I, Second regiment, Kentucky volunteers. He volunteered as \na private, but was elected a sergeant. Was in the battle of Buena \nVista, and was mustered out of service, June 9th, 1847, at New Or- \nleans. He returned to his native county and resumed teaching, con- \ntinuing in this business until 1849. He was married June 9th, 1849, \nto Miss Kitty Ann, daughter of David and Rebecca (Jackson) Bru- \nton. They have had seven children, two sons and five daughters. \nHe taught school in his native county until 1850, when he moved to \nGreencastle, Indiana, where he taught one year. Returning to \nMontgomery county, he continued to teach until 1852, when he \nmoved to Boone county, Missouri, and settled near Hallsville. His \nfather-in-law, David Bruton, accompanied him. He taught in the \ncountry until the year following, when he was engaged as professor \nof mathematics in Christian College, Columbia, Missouri. He held \nthis position for two years. This was during the presidency of John \nA. Williams. In 1855 he was engaged as principal of Prairie Insti- \ntute, Audrain county, Missouri, which position he held for two years. \nIn 1857 returned to Christian College, and taught mathematics for \none year, under President Wilkes. From 1858 to 1877, taught under \nPresident Rogers. He was also a partner with the president from \n1871 to 1876. In 1878, w^as associated with President Bryant in con- \nducting the institution. At the close of the collegiate year he retired, \nand has not taught any since. He recently traded his town property \nto F. Wilcox, for a farm five miles east of Columbia. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \nDR. PAUL HUBBARD. \n\nDr. Paul Hubbard, the subject of this sketch, is the son of Moses \nand Abigail (Titus) Hubbard, of Schoharie county. New York, where \nhe was born, August 14th, 1818. He was educated in his native \ncounty,attending Schoharie Academy, after wards graduating at the med- \nical college of Castleton, Vermont. He practiced his profession in \nWindham Center, New York, for ten years, afterwards at Albany, \nNew York, for a short period. November 24th, 1841, he was married \nto Miss Elizabeth M., daughter of Peter Dominick. By this marriage \nthey had three children, two sons and one daughter: Lorenzo Dom- \ninick, who died at the age of nine years, and Socrates, now an officer \nin the United States navy, with commission of lieutenant-commander. \nHis vessel is connected with the South American\' fleet. He entered \nthe navy in 1861 and is esteemed one of the best educated and most \ncompetent officers in the service. He was born March 18th, 1844. Min- \nnie E., their only daughter, was born November 24th, 1849. She was \nmarried, November 29th, 1871, to Paul Waples, and is now living in \nSherman, Texas. The first wife having died June 8th, 1879, Dr. \nHubbard was again married August 25th, 1880, to Mrs. Lucy B. \nShields (nee Field), widow of William C. Shields, formerly profes- \nsor of ancient languages in the Missouri State University. Dr. \nHubbard came to Columbia in the fall of 1854, having previously \nspent several years in California, where he was assistant surgeon of \nthe marine hospital, his brother, Lorenzo, being resident surgeon. On \narriving in Columbia he commenced the practice of his profession \n\xe2\x80\x94 dentistry \xe2\x80\x94 which he has followed most of the time since. He ac- \nquired the theoretical part of his profession at Philadelphia Dental \nCollege, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, but long practice and careful \nstudy has added greatly to his skill as a practitioner, and he has \nnow perhaps no superior in the country. He was military surgeon \nfor three years during the war, with headquarters at Columbia ; was \nalso surgeon of Gen. J. B. Douglass\' command. He was State Sen- \nator in 1867 and 1868. While a member of the legislature he \nintroduced the bill providing for the establishment of a normal \ndepartment in connection with the State University ; also a bill pro- \nviding for the repairing of the president\'s mansion and the University \nbuilding, and, with Mr. Spaunhorst, representative from St. Louis, \ndrafted and put through a bill requiring that one and three-fourths of \nseventy-five per cent of the State revenue be appropriated to the Uni- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 889 \n\nTersity. The bill passed and the University received from $10,000 \nto $12,000 a year. Dr. Hubbard was a curator of the University \nfrom 1867 to 1877, and was business agent of the institution from \n1871 to 1877. Has held the position of United States pension sur- \ngeon since the war, but resigned because it interfered with his profes- \nsional duties. He was city recorder in 1857, or 1858. Before \ncoming to Missouri, was coroner of Green county. New York, for \nfour years ; also school commissioner for the town of Wright, Schoharie \ncounty, New York. In 1880 he bought a farm of fifty acres in the \nsuburbs of Columbia, which he has improved until it is now one \nof the handsomest homesteads in Boone county. He has an office \nfor the practice of dentistry at his home, where he is prepared to \ndo all kinds of work in his line. \n\nJ. p. HUBBELL. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Georgetown, Kentucky, June \n4th, 1825. He moved with his father, Capt. W. D. Hubbell, to \nHoward county in 1839. Captain Hubbell was an old steamboat \nman, having gone on the river as early as 1818. Was clerk of the \n\'first steamer that ever passed up the Mississippi river above Old \niFranklin. This was in 1819. In 1841 J. P. Hubbell went to Lib- \nerty, Missouri. In 1849 he went into business as a member of the \nfirm of Hubbell & Brothers, and continued in this business until the \nwar broke out. He then moved to Eay county, where he remained \nuntil the war closed, taking no part in the struggle. In 1865 he \nwent to CarroUton, Illinois, where he remained until the fall of 1868, \nwhen he came to Columbia, Missouri, where he has resided ever \nsince, engaging in the drug, livery and dry goods business. In 1881, \nbecame a member of the firm of Hubbell, White & Co. Mr. Hubbell \nwas married November 20th, 1849, to Miss Ann Maria, daughter of \nThomas M. Morton, a native of Kentucky. The town of Morton, \nRay county, Missouri, was named in honor of Mrs. Hubbell. They \nhave three daughters and two sons living. Two of the daughters are \ngraduates of Christian College. Anna M. is the wife of J. B. John- \nson, of St. Joseph, Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Hubbell are members of \nthe Christian Church. Finley D., a promising youth is with his \nfather in the store. Mr. Hubbell is an active business man, and not- \nwithstanding some bad luck \xe2\x80\x94 he had a security debt of $5,000 to \npay about the close of the war \xe2\x80\x94 has prospered in all his undertak- \ning\'s. \n\n\n\n890 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nLAFAYETTE HUME. \n\nLafayette Hume, for many years a prominent business man and \nfarmer of Boone county, is the son of Lewis and Henrietta (McBain) \nHume, of Madison county, Kentucky. They came to Missouri in \n1819 and settled six miles south of Columbia, on the Providence road. \nHe died December 24th, 1874, aged sixty-nine years. He is buried \non the home place. Mrs. Hume is a native of Maryland. She is \nnow living, at the age of eighty-two. Lafayette Hume was born in \nBoone county, July 18th, 1834, and was reared on the farm and edu- \ncated at the common schools, attending what was then known as the \nPace district school, six miles south of Columbia. He is one of a \nfamily of six children, five sons and one daughter. He was married. \nMay 26th, 1857, to Miss Lemira Ann, daughter of G. L. and Sallie \n(Sims) Hickam. Six children have been born to them, five sons and \none daughter. Mr. Hume commenced business in Columbia, on \nCourt-house street, in 1849, dealing in dry goods and general mer- \nchandise. He continued in this business for sixteen years. During \nthis period he passed safely through several panics that brought dis- \naster and ruin to thousands. The firm consisted of Lafayette, Reuben \nand James R. Hume, brothers of the subject of this sketch. In the \nmidst of the war they closed out. their business. At the close of the \nwar, Mr. Hume, in company with Allen Park, deceased, opened a \nstore under the firm name of Hume & Park, which they continued \nfor three or four years. Li 1868 he dissolved partnership with Mr.. \nPark and opened a general grocery house for himself, conducting this \nbusiness until 1876, when he took in W. T. Shock and George W. \nHenderson as partners, the firm name being Henderson, Shock & Co. \nContinued with this firm four years, then returned to his old stand on \nCourt-house street, where he opened a grocery-store under the firm \nname of Hume & Brother. His extensive acquaintance and popularity \nas a business man has already brought to the new firm a large and \nprofitable trade. The subject of this sketch has been in business for \nthirty-three years and has never failed nor seen the day that he could \nnot satisfy all business demands against him, dollar for dollar. For \nthe last twenty-two years he has owned several fine farms, which he \nruns in connection with his other business. The home place, upon \nwhich his family now resides, contains 320 acres. It is situated two \nmiles west of Columbia. He owns another farm of 235 acres, four \nand one-half miles southwest of Columbia. The third farm, consist- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 891 \n\ning of 160 acres, is located five and one-half miles southeast of Co- \nlumbia, making in all 715 acres of excellent land, well improved and \nin a high state of cultivation. Mr. Hume is an Odd Fellow and a \nmember of the Christian church. Mrs. Hume and one son, George, \nare also members of the same church. Mr. Hume has been town \ntrustee for ten years, and treasurer of his lodge for four or five years. \nHe was in the Columbia and Centralia stage at the time of its capture \nby Bill Anderson, on the day of the massacre, of which he was an \neye-witness. There were with him at the time Maj. Rollins, James \nWaugh, Boyle Gordon and several others from Columbia. He lost \none hundred and forty dollars in cash and an overcoat valued at forty \ndollars. \n\nJOSEPH JAMES IGLEHART. \n\nProf. Joseph J. Iglehart, principal of the Columbia public school, is \nthe son of Dr. Joseph and Mary (Welling) Iglehart, and was born \nnear Clarksville, Howard county, Maryland, August 5, 1841. He was \nraised in his native county, and after taking a full course at the pub- \nlic schools of his neighborhood, entered White Hall Academy, near \nHarrisburg, Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, intending to complete a \ncourse of studies at Dickinson College, preparatory to entering upon \nthe duties of his medical profession, but the breaking out of the war \nchanged all his plans for the future. From 1865 to 1867 he taught \nthe public school in his native district. In 1867 he emigrated to the \nWest. Spent one year teaching in Illinois and one in Iowa. He came \nto Missouri in 1869, and settled in Washington, Franklin county, \nwhere he held the position of principal of the public schools for \ntwo years, during which time, and mainly through his individual ef- \nforts, he influenced the building of one of the finest public school edi- \nfices in the State. In 1873 he was appointed to the position of professor \nof English in the German Institute of St. Louis, a position previously \noccupied by the famous Gen. Franz Sigel. In 1874 he moved to \nLinn county, where he followed teaching until 1876, when he received \nthe appointment of principal of Prairie high school of Monroe county. \nIn 1879 he took charge of the Ashland public school, in Boone county, \nMissouri, and here, as at all other points, he met with excellent suc- \ncess. In 1880 he was elected principal of Columbia public school, \nwhich position he has held ever since. Of his management, since \ntaking charge of this school, there has been no complaint, but much \npraise. He is certainly one of the most popular teachers that ever \nhad charge of the Columbia public school, and has given a lively im- \n\n\n\n892 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\npetiis to the cause of public instruction within the sphere of his own \nlabors. Mr. Iglehart was married at Washington, Missouri, in 1871, \nto Miss Sue, daughter of Jilson and Eveline Payne. They have two \ndaughters. May and Kittie. Mrs. Iglehart is also an excellent teacher. \nShe has met with great success in the primary department. She is \nnow assistant in the Columbia public school. Prof. Iglehart ranks \nvery high as an inventor, having originated and patented a lock at- \ntachment for the school desk, piano tops, etc. A company has been \norganized and a manufactory put in operation at New Haven, Connec- \nticut, and agents put on the road for the purpose of introducing this \ninvention into all parts of the country. Prof. Iglehart is preparing a \ngrammar which will be ready for publication in 1883. \n\nJAMES E. JOHNSON. \n\nJames E. Johnson, son of William and Elizabeth (Entrekin) John- \nson, was born in Scott county, Kentucky, January 26, 1809. He was \neducated at the common schools of the county. At the age of \neighteen he entered an apprentice under Job Stevenson to learn- the \nsaddle and harness maker\'s trade. After finishing his trade he came \nto Boone county, Missouri, October 22, 1833. The year following he \nworked for George Harrison at Franklin, Howard county, Missouri. \nComing back to Columbia, he was employed to work in James Rich- \nardson\'s shop and continued with him for eight years. In the summer \nof 1841 he started a shop of his own, and has worked continuously at \nhis trade ever since, except a portion of the year 1850, spent in Cali- \nfornia. At the breaking out of the war he owned several slaves. \nTheir loss proved a severe blow to him financially. Mr. Johnson was \nmarried, December 2, 1841, to Miss Sallie, daughter of Judge Alex- \nander and Ann (Simpson) Persinger. Six children were born of \nthis marriage, three sons and three daughters. Mrs. Johnson died \nAugust 27, 1870, and is buried in the Columbia cemetery. Mr. John- \nson has an excellent business, and by industrj\'^ and good management \nhe has succeeded in accumulating considerable property, mostly real \nestate, situated in Columbia. He is a member of the Christian \nchurch. His children are also members of the same church. \n\nMAXIMILIAN G. KERN. \n\nProf. Kern is a native of Stuttgart, Germany, and was born in 1825. \nHis father, Prof. Christian G. Kern, occupied the chair of theology \nin the University of Wurtemburg. Maximilian G. was educated at \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 893 \n\nthe Botanical Gardens and .University of Tubingen, and was em- \nployed in the King\'s gardens and conservatories near Stuttgart for \ntwo years. He then travelled through Belgium, Holland, Germany, and \nalso went to France, and was three years in the " Garden of Plants," in. \nParis, St. Louis and Versailles. During the revolution of 1848, he \nand some friends were in Versailles ; and hearing the cannonading at \nParis, they went up into that city and were on the streets during the \nfighting between the soldiers and communists, having to remain in \nthe city nineteen hours before they got out again. In July, 1848, he \ncame to America, landing at New York City, where he took charge \nof the grounds and gardens of a wealthy merchant, with whom he \nremained nine months. Going next to Cincinnati, he remained four \nyears engaged in horticulture and landscape gardening. Here he \nlearned the English language, ^nd in 1853, published a book on land- \nscape gardening. He next accepted a position to teach that subject \nfor the faculty of Farmers\' College, near Cincinnati, where he remained \ntill, in 1857, he came West, and located at Alton, Illinois, and open- \ned \xc2\xa3l fruit farm and nursery in 1858. For several years succeedino; \nhis services were called into requisition in decorating the floral hall \nof the St. Louis Fair. He superintended the decoration of the Sani- \ntary Fair in St. Louis in 1864, and drew a complimentary testimo- \nnial from Gen. Rosencrans, the commandant of that department. \nHe was then engaged by the commissioners of Lafayette Park \nto take charge of that resort. He continued to reside at the park for \nseveral years, from 1864, and designed the present ornamentation and \nimprovements of that beautiful place. This secured bim the ap- \npointment by Mayor Brown of general superintendent of parks, \nwhich position he held four years. He designed the grounds of Ben- \nton park, Laclede park, Washington square, Missouri park, St. Louis \nplace and Hyde park. Next he was appointed general superintend- \nent of Forest park, which he held two years, laying out the grounds \nof that enchanting retreat. After this he laid out two cemeteries \nin St. Louis and one at Chattanooga, Tennessee. He also did deco- \nration work of a similar nature at Rome, Atlanta, Columbus and other \nplaces in the South. In 1881 Prof. Kern came to Columbia, and has \nsince that time been connected, in his professional capacity, with the \nState University. He was married in Cincinnati, in 1852, to Miss \nElizabeth Pinger. They have had eight children, four of whom, Min- \nnie, Julia, Ida and May, are living, and four, Ernest, David, Free- \n\n\n\n894 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nman and Henrietta, are deceased. The surviving children are all at \nhome, and the three youngest attend the University. \n\nSIMEON BEAUFORD KIRTLEY. \n\nS. B. Kirtley, one of Columbia\'s most popular and enterprising \nmerchants, is the only son of Wm. Cave and Letitia Gray Kirtley, \nwhose maiden name was Givens, both natives of Kentucky. The \nsubject of this sketch was born in Audrain county, Missouri, and \nwas reared to manhood in that county, receiving his education at \nMexico and the university of Kentucky. Leaving college at the age \nof twenty-one, he entered the Savings bank at Mexico, Missouri, as \nclerk and book-keeper. He remained in this business for about two \nyears. In the fall of 1874 he came to Columbia, Missouri, and \nopened a store for the sale of books, stationery and notions. He \nalso acted as general agent for the Singer Sewing Machine Company \nfor Boone county, which position he held for about two years, selling \nduring this time over twelve thousand dollars\' worth of machines. \nHis business increased rapidly, necessitating his removal to a larger \nbuilding. He now occupies two store rooms on University street, \nusing one of the upper apartments for manufacturing picture frames, \netc., having a large trade in this line as well as in the other special- \nties of his business. He has one of the laro-est book stores in Cen- \ntral Missouri, selling by wholesale and retail. In connection with \nbooks, pictures and notions, he opened a large stock of musical in- \nstruments in 1878, including some of the finest pianos and organs \never sold in the Western market. Among these may be mentioned \nthe following pianos: \xe2\x80\x94 Decker Brothers, Haines Brothers, Fischer, \nChickering, Mathushek and Story & Camp. His organs are manu- \nfactured by Estey and Story & Camp. He does a large business in \nthe above line, selling all over Boone and the adjoining counties. \nHe has all the popular sheet music, and deals in all kinds of mu- \nsical repairs. One of the lower store rooms is devoted to the sale \nof books, the other to the sale of musical instruments, Mr. Kirtley \nis the youngest child and only son of a family of six children, two of \nwhom died in infancy. William C. Kirtley, father of S. B. Kirtley, \nmoved from Harrison county, Kentucky, to Boone county, Missouri, \nin November, 1845. In April, 1847, he removed to Audrain county, \nwhere he has resided ever since. The subject hereof is thoroughly \nidentified with the best interests of his town and county. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 895 \n\n\n\nHON. J. W. KNEISLEY. \n\n\n\nJames William Kneisley was born in Shenandoah county, Virginia, \nApril 16, 1825, and there grew to manhood, receiving his education \nat the common schools and at Strasburg academy. In 1854 he re- \nmoved to Marion county, Missouri, locating at Palmyra. This was \nhis home until 1866, when he removed to Jefferson City, and from \nthence to Columbia about the close of the year 1867, where he has \nsince resided. Capt. Kneisley\' s chief occupation in life has been \nthat of a carpenter and builder. He was apprenticed to the carpen- \nter\'s trade in early life, when possessed of ample means, and at a \ntime when it was not dreamed that a resort to it would ever become \nnecessary. He is regarded as a thoroughly excellent workman. \n\nIn the summer of 1861, upon the breaking out of the war between \nthe States, Capt. Kneisley espoused the cause of the South, and \nenlisted in the Missouri State Guard, as captain of *\' Kneisley\' s Bat- \ntery," which he commanded until the close of hostilities, although \nhe was in the State of Illinois, on important private business, when \nhis commander. Gen. E. Kirby Smith, surrendered. During his \nterm of service the captain participated in the engagements at Mon- \nroe City, Athens, Shelbina and Lexington, Missouri ; Elk Horn \n(Pea Eidge) and Prairie Grove, Arkansas; Mansfield and Pleasant \nHill, Louisiana. In these actions he was present with his battery. \nOn Price\'s last raid into Missouri, in the fall of 1864, he was present as \na volunteer in the most important engagements. In the early spring \nof 1865 he made his way from his command, then in Southern Ar- \nkansas, to Illinois, to care for his children and other private affairs, \nand after a perilous and adventurous journey worthy of record in a \nseparate volume, reached his destination in safety. As before stated, \nhe was in Illinois when hostilities entirely ceased. \n\nPresident Buchanan appoined Capt. Kneisley to be postmaster at \nPalmyra, and he held that position upon the outbreak of the war. In \n1878 he wa^ elected representative from this county to the State Legis- \nlature, and in 1880 was reelected, running on the Democratic ticket \neach time. He is a member of the Committee on the State University, \nand has done a great deal of valuable work for that important institu- \ntion, \n\nCapt. K. has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Sophia \nMcCloud, to whom he was married January 11, 1848. She died Sep- \ntember 25, 1864. His second marriage was to Mrs. Martha Phelps, and \n\n\n\n896 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\noccurred April 13, 1867. He is the father of six children, three of \nwhom have attained maturity. In politics the captain is a Democrat ; \nin religion a Presbyterian ; in all things honorable and upright. \n\nSAMUEL SPAHR LAWS, A. B., A. M., M. D.,D. D., LL. D. \n\nDr. Laws, president of the Missouri State University, is a descend- \nant of one of two brothers, who came over from England in 1672, \nand settled in Maryland. He is a native of the Old Dominion where \nhe received the rudiments of an education in the " Oldfield school." \nHe afterwards entered Miami University, where he graduated valedic- \ntorian of his class. Entering Princeton Seminary, he there pursued \nhis theological studies for three years, completing the course and \nreceiving the first honors of his class. He began his ministerial \ncareer in St. Louis, but was soon called to the church in Lexington, \nMissouri, but before accepting this charge, he was elected president of \nWestminster College, Fulton, Missouri, and at once assumed the \nduties and responsibilities of that position. His administration was \nprosperous and highly satisfactory to the patrons of that institution. \nWhen the late civil war broke out he resigned, and applied himself to \nthe quiet and congenial task of translating Aristotle. While in the \nmidst of his labors, he was arrested, and taken to prison by the Union \nauthorities, on account of his Southern proclivities. After being \nconfined in several prisons, and sufiering great hardships, he was \nfinally released on parole, to remain in the loyal States, Canada and \nEurope, which latter country he visited, remaining some time, princi- \npally at Paris, availing hinself of this opportunity of acquiring a \nthorough knowledge of the French language. He returned to the \nUnited States while the war was yet in progress, landing in New \nYork, where he had relatives in business. He was there made vice- \npresident of the Gold Exchange, which office he filled very acceptably. \nThe institution prospered so remarkably under his management that \nthe directory presented him with a handsome testimonial, and a cer- \ntificate of membership, a compliment never conferred upon another. \nAfter resigning his office at the Gold Exchange, Dr. Laws perfected \nan instrument for telegraphing the variations in the prices of gold and \nstocks, which is now extensively used at home and abroad. By this \ninvention ten thousand instruments can be simultaneously operated, \nand the value of coin and stocks communicated at the same moment to \neach business house in the city where used. During his stay in New \nYork City, he availed himself of the opportunities there oflfered for \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 897 \n\nscientific and literary research, at the same time pursuing courses of \nprofessional study, graduating in both law and medicine. He is at \npresent a member of the New York bar. His medical thesis attracted \nno little attention, and became the theme of much favorable comment. \nDr. Laws is a man of medium height, solidly built, and is in the prime \nof fresh, vigorous manhood. The nervous, sanguine temperament \npredominates in his disposition, but is well blended with the bilious \nand phlegmatic, giving him great vitality of action and thought. This \ncombination of forces has given Dr. Laws a mind thoroughly poised, \nwhich avoids harshness in judgment, and extremes in action ; works \ncalmly and systematically, and is capable of great excitement, on \nsupreme occasions. He has all those qualities that thoroughly indi- \nvidualize a man, and is a most decided type of himself. While ambi- \ntious of distinction and approval, he is far too manly a man to desire \nthem at the expense of his own convictions of right and truth, and is \ncapable of the most heroic self-sacrifice for an opinion, which has the \nsanction of his own deliberate judgment. He is one of the best \ninformed men of the age, having accumulated vast stores of informa- \ntion in all departments of knowledge, and is ever ready with facts and \ndates, no matter what the subject under consideration, his memory \nbeing simply prodigious. As a general scholar, President Laws has \nno superior in the West, and this is the more notable as his habit \nof exhaustive study makes every so-called general topic special. \nHis travels in Europe gave him the advantage of intercourse Avith \nthe ripest scholarship of that continent, and he always availed himself \nof every opportunity to verify his facts and statements by undisputed \nauthority. As a metaphysician. Dr. Laws stands in the front rank of \nAmerican minds ; his rare attainments and exceptional talents are \nuniversally conceded ; his features express great executive ability and \nas acquaintance ripens the conviction deepens that, as the head of \nsome great corporation, or as chairman of a committee on home or \nforeign affairs, he would have acquitted himself with no less distinc- \ntion than in his present most honorable and responsible office. His \nposition at the head of our State University is, without controversy, \nthe most important position in the commonwealth, and Missouri is to^ \nbe congratulated that here, where the largest measures of ability, \nscholarship and executive talent are demanded, they are so eminently \ncombined. Before the Missouri legislature, in 1877, Dr. Law& \npointed out the fact, which was long lost sight of, that the University \nwas an integral part of the public school organization, established by \n57 \n\n\n\n898 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlaw and imbedded in the successive constitutions of the State. It \nwas one of the fundamental conditions of Missouri\'s admission to \nthe Union, that her general assembly should take measures for the \nimprovement of public lands for the support of a university. For \nthis service to the State, Dr. Laws merits the thanks of all lovers of \na generous system of education. Strength and gentleness are by no \nmeans disassociated in President Laws. He is a thorough gentleman \nin all the relations of life, and one every way worthy to be intrusted \nwith the formation of manners as well as mind. His personal exam- \nple and influence cannot but be advantageous to those who enjoy the \nbenefit of association with him, for by no means the least of his gifts \nis the transcendent power of personal quality. The firmness and can- \ndor displayed by Dr. Laws in the late controversy growing out of \nhis address delivered before the Press Association, at St. Joseph, \nMissouri, is not only characteristic of the man, but creditable to his \njudgment and manhood. Standing upon constitutional grounds, and \nspeaking for the millions he represented, and of a people whom it had \nbecome popular and convenient to malign and ridicule, he but uttered \na truth as old as the constitution itself. He simply affirmed that, \n23rior to the civil war, according to the compact entered into by the \nseveral States composing the Federal Union, the question of secession \nwas an open one, having two sides ; that in fighting for the sovereignty \n\xe2\x80\xa2of the States, as guaranteed to him and his people in the fundamental \nlaw of the land. Gen. Lee was no more a traitor in the eyes of la"w and \njustice than was Gen. Washington, the hero of American independence. \nThis address, which was simply a philosophical, dispassionate review of \nthe question of State\'s rights, called down upon the devoted head of \nDr. Laws the fiercest wrath of those who snuff treason at the bare men- \ntion of State\'s rights. They have railed at the president for months, \nshowing by their zealous rage that the address was all the doctor \nintended it should be, \xe2\x80\x94 a masterly defence of the by no means obso- \nlete doctrine of State\'s rights. Not content, however, with vulgar \nabuse, some of his critics misstate the facts in the grossest, most \nindecent manner. There being nothing in the address upon which \nto base a bill of indictment against President Laws, his traducers are \ndriven to the desperate alternative of manufacturing a man of straw, at \nwhich to hurl their bitter invectives . They declare that Dr. Laws justi- \nfied the rebellion, when not a word was uttered in justification thereof. \nThey are careful to withhold such language as would convey the real \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 899 \n\nidea expressed, as, in reference to the results of the war, the doctor \ndechired that one result of that struggle was to. settle for all time the \nquestion of secession. The seceded States, having suffered defeat in \nthe struggle growing out of secession, the principle involved had \nbeen practically settled by the sword, and for all time to come. \n\nDR. WALTER T. LENOIR. \n\nDr. Lenoir is a son of Walter Raleigh and Sarah E. (Bouchelle) \nLenoir, and was born October 4, 1827, in Wilkes county. North Caro- \nlina. His father was born at Fort Defiance, North Carolina, March \n15th, 1787, and died October 15th, 1844. His mother was born \nDecember 28, 1798, in Burke county, North Carolina, and died August \n3d, 1875. They came to Boone county, Missouri, November 4th, \n1834, and settled on a farm two and one-half miles north of Colum- \nbia. They are buried in the Columbia Cemetery. They were blessed \nwith six children, two boys and four girls. Annie E. (deceased), \nwife of Boyle Jewell; Julia E., wife of Elder S. S. Church; of the \nChristian Church ; Myra C, wife of Col. F. T. Eussell ; Dr. W. F. ; \nMartha L., wife of T. A. Russell, attorney at law, of St. Louis, and \n\xe2\x96\xa0Slater E., a prominent farmer of Boone county. Their grandfather \nwas Gen. William Lenoir, of Old Fort Defiance, North Carolina. \nHe was a prominent light in the politics of the old North State for \nsixty years, holding offices from justice of the peace up to president \nof the constitutional convention for remodeling the State constitution. \nHe served many years in both houses of the legislature, and was for \nseveral terms respectively, president of the one, and speaker of the \nother. He was also for a number of years president of the Court of \nCommon Pleas. He is buried at Fort Defiance, where an elegant \nmonument was erected over his grave b}^ an appreciative and grateful \nconstituency. Dr. Walter T., our subject, was educated at the State \nUniversity, graduating from that institution in the class of \'49. \nIn 1850 he went to St. Louis and attended medical lectures at Pope\'s \nMedical College, where he graduated in 1853, and returned to Colum- \nbia to practice his profession. From 1858 to 1861, he practiced in \nco-partnership with Dr. Wm. H. Duncan. He soon took rank with \nolder physicians than himself, and to-day is reckoned among the \nState\'s best. He has held a number of positions of honor and trust. \nFrom 1855 to 1862 he was treasurer of the State University and a \nmember of the board of curators. Since 1856 he has been a member \n\n\n\n900 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof the board of curators, physician and trustee of Christian \nCollege. He was appointed by Gov. B. Gratz Brown manager of \nthe State Lunatic Asylum at Fulton, which position he held for four \nor five years. He has been an elder in the Christian Church since \n1856, and is a Knight Templar, being at one time master of the \nlodge. He has been married twice, the first time to Miss Fannie C, \ndaughter of James Shannon (at one time president of the Univer- \nsity) May 29, 1856. By this union they had four children, three \ngirls and one boy: Anna S., Eva D., James C, and Julia C. They \nwere educated at Christian College and at the University. His first \nwife died April 13, 1864. She was a devoted member of the Chris- \ntian Church, and a graduate of Bacon College, Kentucky. July 4, \n1866, he was married to Miss Nannie J., daughter of Federal and \nSarah Dunn Walker, of Howard county, Missouri. By this marriage \nthey have one son, George W. Mrs. Lenoir is a graduate of Chris- \ntian College and has been a member of the Christian Church since \nearl}\' childhood. Dr. Lenoir is yet in the prime of a vigorous, active \nmanhood, and is a dignified, courtly gentleman of the old school. \n\nH. B. LONSDALE. \n\nHenry Brougham Lonsdale was born in Leicester, England, \nNovember 13, 1832. He came to America at an early age and settled \nfirst in Wisconsin. In 1853 he went to St. Louis, and the year \nfollowing came to Columbia. He learned the tailoring business in \nboyhood and has followed it ever since. At present he is engaged in \nthe merchant tailorino- business and dealino; in sewino- machines. Mr. \nLonsdale was married April 2, 1860, to Miss Meron G. Mayhew, of \nGrundy county, Missouri, a descendant of the Mayhew family of \nMartha\'s Vineyard, Massachusetts, where Mrs. Lonsdale was born. \nThey have had six children, one of whom is dead. The living are : \nFrank, Kate, Harvey, May H., and Elston Holmes. The dead child \nwas named Maggie D. The two first named are graduates of the \nState University \xe2\x80\x94 Frank in 1881, and Kate in 1882. Mr. and Mrs. \nLonsdale are members of the Christian Church. He is also a \nmember of the I. O. G, T. He has been a member of the school \nboard, and is now clerk of the board of town trustees. He has a \nnice home in Columbia, the result of his own labors. He is an exem- \nplary member of society and is highly appreciated by all who know \nhim. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 901 \n\nTHOMAS JEFFERSON LOWRY, B. S., N. G., M. S., C.E., \n\nTrofessor of Civil Engineering, Dean of Engineering Faculty, and Secretary of University \nFaculty, Missouri State University, Columbia, Missouri. \n\nProf. Lowry, the present able dean of the engineering school of the \n*\' University of the State of Missouri," is a descendant of one ot two \nbrothers who came over from Scotland in 1747 and settled in Philadel- \nphia, He is a native of Randolph county, Missouri, and was born No- \nvember 29, 1850. His paternal grandftither was Dr. John J. Lowry, \n\xe2\x96\xa0of Howard county, Missouri ; his ftither. Dr. W. T. Lowry, was a \nphysician of eminence and a man of extraordinary ability ; his mother \nis a native of Randolph county, Missouri, and a daughter of Judge \nJoseph Turuer, who was a native of Tennessee, whose parents were \nfrom North Carolina, and whose ancestors were Irish. \n\nThe Christian culture and training from his mother he prizes above \nall the wisdom of the philosophers; and " the inflexible, Roman-like \ncharacter of his grandfathers is the best part of the family inheri- \ntance." \n\nIn early boyhood, studious and thoughtful beyond his years, his par- \nents determined to give him a thorough education, that he might attain \nto that distinction and usefulness of which he seemed to give promise. \nHis home culture and early school training were all that could be desired \nat the hands of fond parents and able teachers. He entered McGee \nCollege, Missouri, in the fall of 1866, standing at the head of his chisses \nin the sciences and the mathematics. His mathematical instructor \nhere. Prof. W. J. Patton, said of him: "In the class-room I feared \nLowry, for I felt that he was more than a match for me, with his won- \nderful mathematical genius ; and many times I found the teacher taught \nby the learning learner." Desiring to pursue a more thorough course \nin the physical sciences and the mathematics than McGee College \noffered, he entered the junior class of the Missouri State University, \nat Columbia, in the fall of 1868 ; he graduated from the University \nin June, 1870, and was awarded the first honor in the scientific de- \npartment, and also, in a competitive examination on international and \nconstitutional law, won the "law prize," receiving the degrees of bache- \nlor of science and normal graduate. President Read testified to the \naccurate learning and marked ability of young Lowry in pursuing the \nsubtleties of the law. He said to the senior class : " Gentlemen, when \nLowr}^ speaks, it makes me think ; " and turning to young Lowry, he \nadded: " Lowry, that is the highest compliment that I could pay \nyou." \n\n\n\n902 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nFor his proficiency in mathematics (ranking first in his class), he \nwas recommended by the University for an appointment as an ofiicer \nin the United States coast survey, which he received October, 1870. \nHe read medicine in his father\'s ofllce in 1865 and \'66, and during the \nsummer and fall of 1870 attended lectures at St. Louis Medical Col- \nlege, but gave up his medical studies in order to devote his time to \nthe more congenial pursuits \xe2\x80\x94 surveying and engineering on the United \nStates coast survey. From 1870 to 1877 he was on the Atlantic, gulf \nand Pacific coasts, actively engaged on the United States coast survey, \nin the following classes of field-work : Hydrography, topography, pri- \nmary triangulation, magnetics, reconnoissance for primary triangula- \ntion, latitudes, azimuths, and also chronometer and telegraphic longi- \ntudes. During these active and arduous labors he found time to \nexercise his inventive genius in bringing order out of chaos in the \nscience and art of hydrographic surveying. His discovery of new and \nimproved methods in hydrographic surveying, and his invention of sex- \ntants and protractors more jjerfectly adapted to the wants of the hydro- \ngrapher, and whereby one oificer is enabled to make the measurement \npreviously made by three, have introduced him to the hydrographers \nof all civilized nations. \n\nThe sextant, as it came from the brain of Sir Isaac Newton,. was \nimperfectly adapted to the wants of the hydrographer, failing to meas- \nure angles between 140 and 180 degrees, and also failing to measure \ntwo angles at the same instant. The hydrographers of England, Ger- \nmany, France and the United States had studied for a half century to \nremedy these defects, but with only partial success. Young Lowry \ninvented the following sextants which perfectly solved these and other \nproblems : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nI. A sextant to measure any angle from to 180 degrees without \ninverting the instrument, and while reflecting but one object. \n\nII. A sextant capable of measuring two angles, one to the right \nand the other to the left of the central object, at the same instant; \neither angle being any size, from to 140 degrees. \n\nIII. A sextant capable of measuring two angles in quick succession, \nwithout previously estimating their relative magnitudes, or inverting \nthe sextant, or lengthening its arc. \n\nIV. A sextant capable of measuring two angles in quick succession, \nand an interrange at the same instant. \n\nV. The protracting sextant, which enables one observer to measure \nand plot two angles with a facility, ease and accuracy not now at- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, 903 \n\ntaiued with two ordinary sextants, and one protractor in the hands of \ntwo observers and one plotter. \n\nHe is the author of several new methods in hydrographic surveying. \n\nSome of the above are described in Volume XIV of the American \nCyclopedia, and all are described in the proceedings of the California \nAcademy of Science, the Analyst, i\\\\Q, Mining and Scientific Press, of \nSan Francisco, and the JSFautical Gazette, of New York. \n\nIn 1874,. Prof. Lowry was elected a member of the California \nAcademy of Science, at San Francisco, and was an active and pro- \nductive member, as the academy reports of 1874-5-6 will show. In \nAugust, 1877, he was elected a member of the American Association \nfor the Advancement of Science. In 1878 he was elected a member \nof the Engineers\' Club of St. Louis. In June, 1873, the degree of \nmaster of science was conferred on him by his ahna mater. \n\nIn June, 1877, Prof. Lowry was elected professor of civil engineer- \ning in the University of the State of Missouri. The University, in \nJune, 1878, conferred upon him the honorary degree of civil engineer, \ncreated the engineering department, and elected him professor of \ncivil engineering and dean of the engineering faculty. Prof. Lowry \nwas a delegate from Columbia to the Missouri river improvement \nconvention, held in St. Joseph, Missouri, November 29 and 30, 1881. \nIn September, 1878, Prof. Lowry was elected secretary of the Univer- \nsity faculty for the school year of 1878-9, and was re-elected to the \nsame important and responsible position for the sessions of 1879-80, \n1880-1, 1881-2, 1882-3. "He faithfully and efficiently performed \nthe duties of this position during the four years of his alma mater\'s \ngreatest prosperity, from October, 1878, to October, 1882 ; and then, \nthough re-elected for session of 1882-3, resigned the secretaryship in \norder to devote his undivided energies to the growing demands of the \ntree planted by his own hands \xe2\x80\x94 the engineering department of the \nUniversity of the State of Missouri." \n\nIn 1877, the eng-ineerino; limb was eno-rafted on the academic trunk \nof the University tree ; it grew from the first and flourished. As to \nthe fruit it has borne, we quote from the report of the board of cura- \ntors to the XXXI General Assembly of Missouri: "Young men \nhave already gone out and are still going out from the engineering \ndepartment of the Missouri University, thoroughly educated and \ntrained for efficient service upon the great works of internal improve- \nment and foreign commerce. Conscious of their individual strength \nin their profession, they have asserted their rights and assumed their \n\n\n\n904 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nplaces on road and railroad engineering parties, and on the surveys \ntind improvements of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers, and which \npositions they now hold and adorn with honor and distinction." \nPresident Laws said, in a public lecture : " This school of engineering \nis a pillar of strength to this University, and an honor to, the Uni- \nversity and to the State of Missouri." \n\nProfessor Lowrj^\'s great aim, never lost sight of, in this school has \nbeen to prepare young engineers to meet fully the demajids of their \nprofession in this the last quarter of the nineteeilth century. To \nthis end, drawing-room and field work are made to bear a large pro- \nportion to the theoretical instruction of the class-room, so as to unite \nQiianipulative skill with theoretical instruction, thus avoiding the fatal \nblunder of so many of our engineering schools, viz. : attempting to \nteach the surveying and engineering arts without putting them into \npractice. \n\nA critic says, " Prof. Lowry is never guilty of speaking or writing \non a subject which he has not thoroughly investigated. He is a \nfluent and forcible writer, treats every subject he touches with clear- \nness, frankness, and ability; is a learned and scientific educator, and \na vigorous, clear, logical and comprehensive thinker practically in \nthe department of education." For five years he has wielded his \nable pen in setting forth the merits of his alma mater, in popular- \nizing science and scientific pursuits, and in persuading the young men \nof the West to seek educations for a purpose. In these eff\'orts he \nhas been untiring ; seed-thoughts, looking to a useful and steady \ndevelopment of the American mind, keeping pace with the march of \nscience and philosophy, have been soAvn broadcast through lectures, \npamphlets, and the daily press, and cannot cease to vivify, though \nthe source may be lost sight of. He has never failed to command \nthe close attention and hearty approval of the thinking public. As \nan indication of the spirit with which the productions of his pen are \nreceived, we quote a written opinion by the lamented J. K. Eogers, \nLL. D. : "I have read Prof. Lowry\'s lecture on \' The Professional \nScliool in the American University \' through and through with interest \nand pleasure, and it has my hearty endorsement and approval. It is \na live, wide-awake lecture, full of enthusiasm and vim, abreast of \nthe times, and with its face set in the right direction. It is an admir- \nable plea for the particular department its author represents, and \ncanuot fail to do good for the University and make reputation for its \nauthor. As a plea for the sciences and for professional education it \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 905 \n\nis unanswerable, and no one ought to want to answer it. I must con- \ngratulate Prof. Lowry upon the success of this lecture, and upon the \nsuccess of the engineering department." Another critic says: \n" Prof. Lowry is a man of great ability, unquestioned genius, won- \nderful energy, thoroughly up in his profession, fostered under the \nadministration of that most powerful intellect of this or any other \nage, Dr. S. S. Laws." \n\nProf. Lowry is a man of not quite medium height, nervous-sanguine \ntemperament, dark auburn hair, grayish brown eyes, with determina- \ntion written on every feature, and is in the prime of a fresh and \nvigorous young manhood. He has all those qualities which \nthoroughly individualize a man and is a most decided type of himself. \nHe is a Missourian to the manner born \xe2\x80\x94 with him it is " Missouri \nfirst \xe2\x80\x94 the world afterwards." We close this sketch with the closing \nparagraph of a lecture he delivered on " Engineering in Missouri :" \n*\' My heart is in this cause. My soul is in this work. My life and \nenergies are consecrated to building up the cause of the exact arts in \nMissouri. I owe my all to this University, and I want no more glory \nwhile I live, no more glorious heritage when I come to pass over the \ngreat river, no more lasting monument, no prouder epitaph than \nthat I was instrumental in building up the exact arts, in this my alma \nmater in this, my native State." \n\nW. T. MAUPIN, M. D. \n\nDr. Maupin is a native of Boone county, born April 17, 1839. His \nfather, Wni. Maupin, was one of the first settlers of Missouri, coming \nhere from Madison county, Kentucky, in 1816, settling first at Old \nPranklin, in Howard county. In 1819 he removed to Boone, when \nthere were but a very few habitations, or inhabitants either. He \nsettled in Columbia, and was a wheelwright and housebuilder. \n\nW. T. Maupin was educated in the common schools of Boone \ncounty, and at William Jewell College, Liberty. In the summer of \n1861 he joined Captain Peacher\'s company. Col. M. G. Singleton\'s \nbattalion, Missouri State Guards, and served as commissary of the \nbattalion. He was in the engagements at Boonville, Drywood and \nLexington. After the capture of Lexington, while General Price\'s \narmy was retreating toward Southwest Missouri, he was taken sick \nin Johnson county and lay ill for about two months. Upon his \nrecovery he returned to this county and spent the remainder of the \nfall of 1861, and the winter of 1861-2 in dodging " Merrill\'s \n\n\n\n906 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHorse" and other detachments of Federal troops, March 6, 1862, \nwhile on his way to Price\'s army, he was captured in Cooper county by \nsome soldiers belonging to the command of Col. Eppstein, of Boon- \nville. He was held a prisoner for thirteen months, the greater portion \nof the time in McDowell College, St, Louis, and at Alton, 111. Upon \nhis release on parole, his weight was reduced to eighty-seven and a \nhalf pounds. He returned home and took no further, part in the \nwar. Previous to his service with the Missouri army under General \nPrice he took part in the affair at Fulton, known as the " Fulton \nraces." His brother, Robert L. Maupin, a graduate of the law \nschool at Lebanon, Tenn., was a gallant Confederate officer, and \nserved on the staff of General (now U. S. Senator) Cockerill, \nalthough he had but one arm, the other having been lost before the \nwar. \n\nIn 1863-4 Dr. Maupin attended the St. Louis Medical College. \nIn 1864-5 he was at Jefferson College, Philadelphia, and graduated \nfrom that famed institution in the class of 1865. He located in the \npractice of his profession at Columbia, where he has since resided, \nmaking occasional trips to the far West for recreation, etc. The \ndoctor has been very successful as a practitioner. He has devoted \nconsiderable attention to gynaecology, and is renowned for his skill \nin and knowledge of that particular branch of medical science. He \nis medical examiner of all the insurance organizations connected \nwith the secret orders of Columbia, and is examiner for the Good \nTemplars\' Mutual Benefit Association of America, of which organiza- \ntion he is one of the founders. \n\nDr. Maupin married Miss Mary A. Matthews, a daughter of J. L. \nMatthews, Esq,, aii old citizen of this county. They are the parents \nof four children. Lulu Bell, James Lawrence, Bettie and Mary Waugh. \nThe doctor is a member of the Baptist, and Mrs. M. of the Methodist \nChurch. He has taken all the degrees of Masonry up to and \nincluding the commandery; is an Odd Fellow, a K. of P., K. of H., \nUnited Workman, and a Good Templar. Of his connection with \nthe latter order he feels especially proud. He has held the position \nof W. C. T. in the Columbia lodge. \n\nDr. Maupin is a member of the great family of Maupins whose \nbranches are to be found throughout Missouri, and whose ancestors \nwere the DeMaupins of France, who settled in Virginia more than a \ncentury ago. He is a nephew of Thos. C. Maupin, the pioneer \nsheriff" of Boone county. One of the doctor\'s sisters married Gov- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 907 \n\neriior Leslie, of Kentucky; another is the wife of Travis Cockerill, \na reno\\vned lawyer of Glasgow, Ky. Two of his sisters reside in \nColorado, and his brother is now a resident of Mobile, Alabama. \n\nWILLIAM D. MAUPIN. \n\nWilliam D. Maupin was born in Albemarle county, Virginia, June \n6th, 1840. He is the son of Silas B. and Mary (Norris) Maupin. \nHe left Virginia in October, 1854, and came to Montgomery county, \nMissouri, where he lived until 1\xc2\xa759. His father sold his farm in \nMontgomery and moved to Truxton, Lincoln county, Missouri, where \nthe subject of this sketch was educated, attending the seminar}^ of \nthat place, under the instructions of Professor F. T. Williams. Was \na pupil of this school during two sessions. In the spring of 1862 he \nwent to Loutre Island, as an overseer for William I. Talbott, and re- \nmained there until fall, having charge of thirty-eight slaves and five \nhundred acres of land. He next went to Pike county, Missouri, \nwhere he took charge of the Tinsley plantation of some forty slaves \nand four hundred acres of land. Stayed oh this farm until the fall of \n1863, when he crossed the river and eno;ao;ed in the tobacco trade dur- \ning the winter following. In the spring of 1864 he crossed the plains \nto Nevada, making his home at Empire City, three miles from Car- \nsoil. Followed mule trading and teaming while in Nevada. Re- \nmained there until the summer of 1870, when he returned to Missouri, \nand bought a farm ten miles southwest of Chillicothe. Was married \nDecember, 1870, to Miss Nancy A. Cochran, of Wentzville, St. \nCharles county, Missouri. They have one daughter, Efiie. After his \nmarriage Mr. Maupin went to work on a farm in St. Charles county, \nand remained there until February, 1882, when he came to Columbia, \nBoone county, and went into the firm of Maupin, Smith & Co., known \nas the " Farmer\'s Mills." [See city history.] Mr. and Mrs. Mau- \npin are both members of the Methodist Church. They have a nice \nnew house on Price Avenue, and are well pleased with their new \nhome, and with their future prospects generally. \n\nGEOKGE HENRY MATTHEWS, DECEASED. \n\nThe outlines of the biography of this gentleman could not be \nobtained very fully nor very accurately. The date of his birth could \nnot be learned. He was married November 23, 1858, to Miss Olivia, \ndaughter of Warren and Elizabeth (McClelland) Woodson. Four \nchildren were born of this marriage, all daughters, two of whom died \n\n\n\n908 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY, \n\nill infancy. The deceased children were Lucretia B. and Lizzie, \nwhile the two surviving ones are Mary G. and Jessie O. Prof. Mat- \nthews came from Kentucky to Boone county, Missouri, in 1848 or \'49. \nFor about seventeen years he was professor of ancient and modern \nlanguages in the State University at Columbia. He always engaged \nin teaching as a vocation, and died in September 13, 1869. He lies \nburied in the Columbia Cemetery. \n\nJAMES L. MATTHEWS, DECEASED. \n\nJames L. Matthews, deceased, was the son of Eobert and Eliza \n(Glascock) Matthews. He was born August 29, 1813, in Eichmond \ncounty, Virginia, and was reared and educated in his native county. \nIn early youth he learned the trade of carriage-maker, and followed \nthe business while yet a citizen of the Old Dominion. In 1836 he \ncame to Columbia, Missouri, where he established and operated a \ncarriage factory up to the year 1860, when he sold out and went into \nthe hardware business, which he followed until his death. May 22, \n1880. He was married in 1833 to Miss Louisa, daughter of Hilkiah \nBall, of Lancaster county, Virginia. They had five children born to \nthem, two sons and three daughters. Mary A., wife of Dr. W. T. \nMaupin, of Columbia ; James B. (deceased) ; Bettie S., wife of Maj. \nD. D. Berry, a prominent business man of Columbia, and Milton S. \n(deceased). The first wife dying July 8, 1852, Mr. Matthews was \nagain married, October 26, 1853, to Miss Mary, daughter of James \nand Margaret Bowling. Three children were born of this marriage, \ntwo sons and one daughter. Louisa married A. R. Berry. Charles \nis a partner in the hardware business established by James L. Mat- \nthews, and now conducted by Berry & Matthews. Lawrence is dead. \nThe elder Matthews commenced life without means and with but little \neducation. His father perished at sea while en route to England to \nsettle an estate. The subject of this sketch was the oldest son and \nsecond child of the family, and the burden of the household fell mainly \nupon his shoulders, but he proved equal to the task, and while yet a \nmere boy assumed the duties and responsibilities of a full-grown \nman. His brother, Milton S., died in June, 1875. His sister is liv- \ning in Oregon, the wife of Mr. Faucett. James L. Matthews was a \nsuccessful business man in the strictest sense of the word. Com- \nmencing life with nothing but his trade, he accumulated a large estate, \nand was enabled to do much good, for his hand was ever opened to \nalleviate the sorrows of honest and virtuous poverty, and those who \n\n\n\n\nJAMES L. MATTHEWS. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 909* \n\nmerited relief never applied to him in vain. Mrs. Matthews is a mem- \nber of the Baptist Church. Mrs. Eliza (Glascock) Matthews, mother \nof the subject of this sketch, died in Columbia, April 17, 1851, and is \nburied in the Columbia Cemetery. \n\nJOHN MACHIR. \n\nJohn Machir, the subject of this sketch, was born in Mason county, \nKentucky, May 10th, 1820. He is the son of Henry A. and Martha A. \n(Woodson) Machir. He was raised in Kentucky and educated in \nMaysville, Mason county. In 1837 he came to St. Louis with his \nbrother-in-law, Thomas T. January, and for the next six years clerked \nin the wholesale grocery house of January, Stetinins & Brother. The \nfirm having failed in 1843, Mr. Machir went into business the follow- \ning year, under the firm name of January & Machir, wholesale dealers \nin groceries, and so continued until 1852, when he came to Boone \ncounty and settled on the west side of the Two-mile prairie. His \nfarm of 600 acres is situated six miles southeast of Columbia. In \n1869 he moved to Columbia, but did not sell his farm. He has lived \nin Columbia ever since. He has been trustee of Christian Colleire \nfor about eighteen years. Was one of the directors of the school \nboard for about five years. Mr. Machir was married, December 25th, \n1847, to Miss Mary E., daughter of John M. and Mary (Taylor) \nJanuary, of Cynthiana, Harrison county, Kentucky. They have had \nsix children. Two sons died in their infancy. Mary T., wife of \nJames H. Parker, died in the spring of 1880. Mattie is the wife of \nR. W. Dorsey, of Bunker Hill, Illinois. Tiny B. and Maria J. are at \nhome with their parents. They are all graduates of Christian Colleo-e, \nColumbia, Missouri. Mr. Machir and family are members of the \nChristian church. \n\nCHARLES A. MILLER. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in St. Louis, Missouri, May \n22d, 1848. The year following his parents moved to Portland, Cal- \nlaway county, where they lived for the next five years, removing in \n1854 to Eocheport, Boone county. In 1864 he entered the store of \nClayton, Miller & Co., and clerked for that firm until July, 1868,. \nwhen he commenced the livery business with David Bishop, the firm \nbeing Bishop & Miller. Remained with Bishop one year, when J. W. \nSkinner bought his interest, thus changing the firm to Miller & Skin- \nner. The business was thus conducted for three years, when Mr. \nMiller bought his partner\'s interest and continued the business alone \n\n\n\n910 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nuntil 1875, when the stable, with fourteen head of horses and all the \nrolUng stock belonging thereto, was burned ; loss two thousand dol- \nlars. While in the livery business Mr. Miller ran a hack line between \nColumbia and Kocheport, and between Rocheport and Boonville. \nIn 1875 he came to Columbia, and the _year following went into the \ntobacco business with John M. Samuel and was with him for one year, \nwhen the firm changed to Conley, Samuel & Miller, and so continued \nuntil 1878. In the spring of that year Mr. Miller went into the liv- \nery business with D. G. Clark, under the firm name of Clark & Miller. \nJ. H. Guitar afterwards took an interest in the business, and the firm \nname was changed to Clark, Miller & Co., and so continued until the \ndeath of Mr. Clark in 1880, when Guitar bought his interest and the \nfirm became Miller & Guitar, and has remained such ever since. The \nstable is called the Planters\', and is one hundred by sixty-four feet, \nfronting University street. They have twenty-five horses and their \nvehicles are of the finest and best quality. In connection with the \nlivery business they buy and sell mules, shipping them to the West \nand South. Mr. Miller was married February 13th, 1872, to Miss \nCorney J., daughter of James C. and Mary J. (Thornton) Orr. They \nhave four children, James R., Albert, Mary, and a younger son yet \nunmarried. Mr. Miller is a member of the Christian church. He is \nalso an Odd Fellow and a member of the Order of United Workmen. \nMrs. Miller is a member of the Methodist church. \n\nDR. GEORGE S. MORSE. \n\nDr. Morse is the son of Dennis and Sallie (Whitcomb) Morse, and \nwas born October 6th, 1828, in Madison, Madison county, New York. \nHe was educated at Hamilton College. In the spring of 1854 he \ngraduated from the medical school at Philadelphia, and commenced \nthe practice of medicine at Oriskany Falls, Oneida county. New York. \nIn the fall of 1855 he moved to Wisconsin and practiced his profession \nfor three years at Ebadan, Dodge county. Then, in 1858, he moved \nto Boonville, Cooper county, Missouri. While in Boonville he \nstudied dentistry and practiced it there three years. In December, \n1864, he removed to Columbia, Boone county, and has practiced \ndentistry ever since. He has built up a large and lucrative practice, \nand is deservedly popular socially and professionally. He was mar- \nried, April 5th, 1855, to Miss Hattie N., daughter of Frederick and \nMary A. (Nelson) Brooks. By this union they have had six children, \nfour boys and two girls; only two are now living, George M., mer- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 911 \n\nchandising at Round Rock, Williamson county, Texas, and Fred. H., \na prominent artist of St. Louis, Missouri. \n\nDr. Morse\'s father was born November 28th, 1800, in Steventown, \nRenssalaer county, N. Y., and went with his parents to Madison, New \nYork, in March, 1806, and was reared a farmer. He married, August \n28th, 1820, Miss Sarah, daughter of Calvin and Sarah (Brownell) \nWhitcomb. They had five children, three boys and two girls : Elea- \nnor (deceased), Joseph H. (deceased), Asa W. (deceased, died in \nDenver, Colorado,) and Sarah, Our subject, is the third child. Dr. \nMorse is a descendant of Samuel Morse, of England, who was born \nin 1585, and emigrated to New England in 1635, and settled in Ded- \nham, Massachusetts, in 1637, and died April 5th, 1654. The subject \nof this sketch, Dr. George S. Morse, is of the eighth generation from \nSamuel Morse. \n\nJOSEPH SAMUEL MOSS. \n\nJ. S. Moss, a prominent merchant and capitalist of Columbia, Mis- \nsouri, was born in Logan county, Kentucky, January 31st, 1831. At \nthe age of seven, came to Greene county, Missouri, where he was \nraised on a farm. He was educated at the old country log school \nhouse. When fifteen years old went to Springfield and entered the \nstore of Sheppard & Jaggard, dry goods merchants, where he re- \nmained for five years, when he became a member of the firm, and \nso continued for five years, when he commenced business under \nthe firm name of J. S. Moss & Co. Conducted this business until the \nclose of the war. During the war did a liberal business. Confeder- \nates akd Federals took what they wanted and gave vouchers in return. \nSome of the vouchers were afterwards honored, many were not. He \nwas in Springfield when the battle was fought at Wilson Creek, and \nsaw the body of Gen. Lyon. In February, 1862, he went South into \nArkansas and Tennessee. In June, 1863, went to St. Louis and from \nthere to Columbia, Missouri, where he has resided ever since. Was \nmarried August 10, 1854, to Miss Clara, daughter of D. D. Berry, a \nnative of Springfield, Missouri. Have had seven children, five of \nwhom are living: Daniel Dorsey, J. S., Jr., Laura, Clara and Wil- \nliam. Mr. and Mrs. Moss are members of the Christian Church. \nMr. Moss is also a member of A. O. U. W. \n\nDAVID R. m\' ANALLY, JR. \n\nThe subject of this sketch, who has for five years been professor of \nEnglish literature in the State University, is a son of the eminent \n\n\n\n912 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDr. David E. McAnally, well known to all as the editor for many \nyears of the /St. Louis Christian Advocate. His mother\'s maiden \nname was Maria Thompson, a lady of refined sensibilities and de- \nvoted to the care and happiness of her family. David was born at \nKnoxville, Tennessee, November 21, 1847. Owing to the great war \nwhich began when he was in his fourteenth year, he never entered \ncoUeo-e, but remained home under the tutorage of his distinguished \nfather, which probably gave him greater thoroughness than he could \nhave obtained at the schools. He has, however, received honorary \ndeo-rees from different institutions; including that of A. M., conferred \nby the Arcadia (Missouri) College. When only four years old, his \nfather moved his family to St. Louis, and that city has been the home \nof David R., Jr., ever since: though he has travelled extensively in \nthe United States, especially in the West, his last vacation having \nbeen spent in Colorado. \n\nProf. McAnally\' s first eflforts in teaching were made at Carondelet \nHio-h School, where he taught three years as subordinate teacher and \ntwo years as principal. In 1872, he took charge of Arcadia College \nand remained two years. From that time till he took his present \nposition in the University, he was engaged in newspaper work. He \nwrote a great deal for his father\'s paper, both before and during the \ntime he was teaching, and for two years was " leader writer " on the \nGlobe- Democrat. His newspaper connection gave him quite a trav- \nelled experience, and he was frequently " on the move" before he \ncame to Columbia. Prof. M. comes of a family of strong South- \nern proclivities. His father is a native of Tennessee and his mother \nof Virginia, which makes decidedly a Southern combination. They \nare a Southern Methodist family, though at the beginning of the war \nDr. D. R. McAnally, Sr., was a staunch Union man and opposed to \nslavery. Young David early developed a decided taste for music, and \nhas given much time to its systematic study. While connected with \nthe newspapers, he was regarded as a fine musical critic ; and has \nbeen much engaged in writing articles on that subject. He has \nprinted several songs and musical compositions, and still has on hand \na number of unpublished musical productions. The first course of \nlectures on English language and literature ever given in the Univer- \nsity was delivered by Prof. M. in 1879-80, and were as well at- \ntended as any course of the institution. Since then, he has continued \nto give annual courses, and is now connected with the president and \nothers of the faculty in the publication of the University Review. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 913 \n\nHis services are in frequent demand in lecturing before the State \nTeachers\' Association, and no young gentleman of his age has greater \neducational prominence in Missouri. His articles on the " Turco- \nKussian War," while working for the Globe- Democrat ^ created a \nfavorable impression all over the country, and brought forth many \ncomplimentary comments from press and public. \n\nDR. A. W. m\'ALESTER. \n\nDr. Andrew Walker McAlester was born in Rocheport, Boone \ncounty, Missouri, January 1, 1841. He is the son of B. McAlester, \na lumber merchant of Columbia. Dr. McAlester was partly educated \nat the common schools, completing his literary studies at the State \nUniversity, where he graduated in 1864. He then read medicine \nunder Dr. Norwood and attended the St. Louis Medical College where \nhe received his degree in 1866, He also attended Rush Medical \nCollege, Chicago, and Bellevue, New York. In 1873, he visited \nEurope and attended the medical colleges at London and Paris. He \nalso visited the schools of Germany. In 1872 was given the chair of \n-surgery and obstetrics in the State University, which position he still \nholds. Is president of the Linton Medical Association. Has been a \nmember of the American Medical Association. Is a Mason. Has \nbeen twice married. First in 1869 to Miss Iza Bell, of Springfield, \nMissouri. She died in 1870. He was again married in 1873 to Miss \n-Sallie McConathy, of Boone county. They have three sons : Andrew \nW., Berry, and an infant. Dr. McAlester is a member of the Meth- \nodist Church. \n\nBRIGHTBERRY m\'ALESTER. \n\nBrightberry McAlester, the subject of this sketch, is the son of \nJames G. and Tempest (Jackson) McAlester. He was born in Simp- \nson county, Kentucky, October 26, 1809. He was partly reared and \neducated in his native county, attending a school taught in a rude log \nhouse during the winter months of the year. The Commonwealth \nof Kentucky was then in its infancy, and the resident population were \nthe first settlers and their children. The first families who ventured \niinto the wilds of Kentucky had all they could do to protect their lives, \nand of course gave little time or attention to education. Mrs. Mc- \nAlester, the mother of the subject of this sketch, spent much of her \nearly youth in the forts, while the fierce Indian wars threatened ex- \ntermination to the few whites who had dared to invade their hunting: \ngrounds. Mrs. McAlester saw Daniel Boone many times, having oc- \n58 \n\n\n\n914 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncupied the fort in which the pioneer chieftain was an inmate during- \nthose memorable days which gave to Kentucky the name of "the \nDark and Blood}^ Ground." The family emigrated to Howard county, \nMissouri, in 1828, stopping near Glasgow. Mr. McAlester had pre- \nviously learned the carpenter\'s trade in Kentucky, and, leaving his \nwidowed mother at Glasgow, he sought employment at New Frank- \nlin, Howard county. In 1830 Mr. McAlester went to St. Louis, \nwhere he worked at his trade for eighteen months, mainly for the \npurpose of perfecting himself in the business. He returned to New \nFranklin, and went to work contracting and building. He also man- \naged a steam saw-mill. In 1837 he came to Rocheport, Boone count}^, \nwhere he worked at his trade from 1839 to 1846, being the principal \ncontractor and builder in that section of countr3^ In the spring of \n1846 he came to Columbia to build the court-house, being one of the \nbuilding firm of Richardson, McAlester & Keene. In 1856 he built \nthe county jail, and in 1865 the president\'s mansion in connection \nwith the State University, that building having been destroyed by fire \nduring the war, and in 1872 had the contract for building the scien- \ntific building, also in connection with the State University. He has \nbeen actively identified with the building interests of the county ever \nsince becoming a citizen of Boone. He has also dealt extensively in \nlumber and all kinds of building material. In the spring of 1870, \nJames D. Bowling bought out the interest of James B. Ruckel, Mr. \nMcAlester\' s partner, and since that time the firm has been McAlester, \nBowling & Co. In addition to their lumber yard, they handle all \nkinds of farm machinery, buggies, wagons, and the like. They are \ndoing a large business, Mr. McAlester was married in October, \n1832, to Miss Mary A. Walker, of New Franklin, Missouri. They \nhave had five children : James N. (who was lost on a Missouri river \nboat at Lexington landing) ; Mary F., Sarah B. (deceased), Martha \nT., wife of James D. Bowling, and Andrew W., who is a professor at \nthe State University, and a practicing physician of Columbia. Mr. \nMcAlester is a Mason and a member of the Methodist church. His \nwife is also a Methodist. Mr. McAlester\' s mother died in 1834, and \nis buriedj near Glasgow. His father died in Kentucky when the sub- \nject of this sketch was but a small boy. \n\nGEORGE M. m\'CONAUGHEY \n\nIs a son of David and Sarah (Mitcheltree) McConaughey, and was \nborn June 17, 1844, in Jefferson county, Ohio. He left his native \n\n\n\nJ HISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. 915- \n\ncounty when a mere child and went to Belmont county, Ohio. In \nhis twelfth year he went to Wheeling, West Virginia, and in 1859 \nwent to Burning Springs, same State, and worked in the oil wells. \nIn 1861 he enlisted in the Federal army in the Eighteenth Ohio Vol- \nunteer regiment, but only served three months. In 1864 he reenlisted \nunder Capt. Frank Buell, in what was known as Buell\'s Pierpont \nBattery, Virginia artillery. He was honorably discharged in 1865. \nThe battery was in twenty-three battles and skirmishes. He was \nwounded while on a scout and taken prisoner by Col. Mosby, but es- \ncaped the second night. In the winter of 1865-6, he went on the \nBaltimore and Ohio railroad as fireman for three or four years, then \nas engineer for one year. When making his run near Moundsville,^ \nVirginia, the engine jumped the track and he barely escaped with his \nlife. In December, 1870, he came to St. Louis and worked upon the \nthird pier of the great bridge for six months. In August, 1871, he \ncame to Columbia, Boone county, Missouri, and clerked in the hard- \nware store of C. C. Newman until May, 1875. He then went back \nto Belmont, Ohio, and married Miss K. J., daughter of Alexander \nand Rebecca Crossan. They have had four children, two boys \nand two girls^ Minnie M., David B. (dead), AnnaB. and Sylvester W. \nUpon returning from Ohio, he obtained his old position as clerk in the \nstore of Newman & Garth until the fall of 1875, when he went into \nthe sewing machine business for about a year. He then went to firing \nfor the Columbia Gas Company, which position he held until 1878,^ \nwhen he was appointed superintendent, and has been there until the \npresent time. He sold and set up the first gas engine ever used in \nthe county, viz. : the one used in the Columbia elevator. He does all \nthe steam and gas fitting for the city, and is engineer and superin- \ntendent of the Columbia Gaslight and Coke Company. The works \nwere built in 1875 by a stock company, with a capital stock of $15,- \n000. The enterprise was put on foot by Sylvester Watts. Mr. Mc- \nConaughey is agent for the Otto Silent Gas Engine. He is a member \nof the Knights of Pythias, Knights of Honor, and Ancient Order of \nUnited Workmen. He and his wife are members of the Presbyterian \nchurch. \n\nGEORGE m\' DANIEL. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of William and Sarah A. \n(Fitzhugh) McDaniel, and was born in King George county, Virginia. \nHe was educated at Caroline College, Caroline county, Virginia. \nAfterwards learned the trade of carriage making in King George= \n\n\n\n916 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\noouiity, where he followed the business for several years. He came \nto Boone county, Missouri, in August, 1866, and was married August \n27, 1868, to Miss Isabella, daughter of John and Elizabeth (Dailey) \nLackland, of Lexington, Kentucky. By this marriage they hsjid three \nsons and two daughters. Rosa E. died August 19, 1870, and George \nI., August 10, 1878. After coming to Boone county, he opened a \nshop in Columbia under the firm name of Homer & McDaniel. Mr. \nMcDaniel is now a member of the firm of McDaniel, Scruggs & Co., \ncontractors and builders. This is the principal firm of the kind in \nColumbia, and is doing a large business. Mr. McDaniel is a member \nof the A. O. U. W. He is also a member of the Missionary Baptist \nchurch. Mrs. McDaniel is likewise a member of the same church. \nWilliam McDaniel, the father of George, died at his home in King \nGeorge county, Virginia, in 1879, aged eighty-two. His mother is \nstill living at the age of seventy-one. \n\nDR. JAMES m\'NUTT. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a native of Ireland, having been born \nm County Donegal about the year 1832. He came to this country \nin 1841 and settled in Newark, Delaware, where he grew to manhood \nand received most of his education. In 1852 he was surveyor for \nseveral counties in Maryland. He was also engaged in teaching at \nthe same time. In the summer of 1854 he came West and visited the \nStates of\'Iowa, Nebraska, Minnesota and Wisconsin. Studied medi- \ncine under Dr. Alrich, at Fort Penn, Delaware, for about three years \nand took several courses of lectures at Jefferson Medical College, Phil- \nadelphia. Travelled for sometime as correspondent of several Eastern \npapers. In the winter of 1855 he taught school in Iowa. The \nspring following came to Missouri and spent about one year in St. \nLouis county. In 1857 went to Bowling Green, Pike county, where \nhe taught a private school for one year. He was then engaged as \nprincipal of Bowling Green Academy and had charge of that institu- \ntion from 1858 to 1860. Enlisted as a surgeon in the Federal army, \nApril 24th, 1863, and served with the Gulf Department in 1864-5. \nOfficiated as surgeon at Forts Livingston and Jackson, He quit the \nFederal service in 1866 and came to Marshall, Saline county, Mis- \nsouri, where he practiced medicine for several months. In November \n1866 he sold his property at Marshall and went to Malta Bend, in the \nwestern part of Saline county. The spring following he, with the \nassistance of J. R. Lunbeck, laid out the town of Malta Bend, the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 917 \n\ndoctor being the leading spirit in this enterprise and the recognized \nfounder of this town. He remained at Malta Bend for two years, then \nbought a farm two miles south of that place. He lived on this farm \nuntil the fall of 1874, when he founded the town of Salt Springs, now \non the line of the C. & A. railroad. This was in the summer of 1874. \nHe and his brother-in-law, Arthur S. Lawrence, started a store con- \ntaining a general assortment of dry goods and groceries. Remained \nat Salt Springs until 1876 when he came to Columbia, Missouri, but \nsoon after returned to Saline. In 1877 he came to Rocheport, Boone \ncounty, and in the spring of 1878 came to Columbia and practiced his \nprofession until 1880, when he bought a farm of 280 acres seven \nmiles northeast of Columbia, on the old Mexico road, and 200 acres \nsouth of the Fulton road. In June, 1882, he was appointed United \nStates examining surgeon by W. W. Dudley, commissioner. He and \nhis wife are members of the Presbyterian church. He is also a Mason. \nWas married August 16th, 1866, to a daughter of Solomon L. and \nHai^riet S. (Morgan) Lawren<5e, of Wilton, Iowa. They have had \nthree sons and two daughters : Fannie, Sophia D., Bernard, Stewart \n(deceased) and Lawrence. The father of Dr. McNutt died in Ireland \nin 1836 and his mother in Iowa in 1873. Dr. McNutt was the third \nchild of a family of seven, all of whom, save the youngest, are living. \nThe doctor, in addition to his medical education, is a fine literary \nscholar and a writer of considerable ability. At one time he was \neditor of the Dubuque Herald, his brother, Samuel McNutt, being \nchief editor. \n\nJOSEPH GRANVILLE NORWOOD, M. D., LL. D. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Woodford county, Kentucky, \nDecember 20th, 1807. His father, Charles Norwood, was a native of \nWestmoreland county, Virginia, and the son of Jolm Norwood, an \nEnglish gentleman, who came to Virginia about the year 1740. \nCharles, the eldest son of John Norwood, was born in 1753 and was \nmarried in 1781 to Ann Dale, of Westmoreland county. He was a \nsoldier of the revolutionary war. Three sons and two daughters were \nborn of his marriage : Frederick, John, Frances, Charles and Ann. \nUpon the death of his first wife he removed to Kentucky with his \nfamily and a number of relatives. He first settled in Franklin county^ \nbut after several years he purchased and removed to a farm in Wood- \nford, about five miles from Versailles and seventeen from Lexington. \nAfter this removal he married Mildred Dale, a sister of his first wife. \n\n\n\n918 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nOf the children of this marriage Joseph G. is the only survivor. \nDuring the war of 1812, Charles Norwood built and operated a \npowder mill for the purpose of supplying the American army. In \n1815 he m\'oved to a small farm near Lexington where he spent the \nremainder of his life, dying in 1832, When quite young the subject \nof this sketch became a pupil of the graded school of Aldrich & \nVaughn, at Lexington. It was the fixed purpose of the elder Nor- \nwood that his son should become a physician, while the boy was \nequally determined to become a printer. The couflict of wishes \nbetween the father and son resulted in the son being placed with Mr. \nJacob Winn, a private banker and manufacturer of bale-rope and \nbao-orino;. He remained with Mr. Winn for one year. The elder \nNorwood, recognizing the bent of his son\'s mind, now^ made arrange- \nments with Mr. John Bradford, of the Lexington Advertiser, by \nwhich he would be allowed to enter his printing office for the purpose \nof learning the trade for which he had previously shown such an earn- \nest predilection. After working several years in this office he \nchanged to the Kentucky Whig, published by Nelson Nicholas. Mr. \nNicholas died soon after young Norwood entered his office and when \nthe material was sold he bought it of the administrator, Hon. E. \nHawes. Seeing an opportunity to dispose of the property to good \nadvantage, young Norwood soon after sold the office and subscription \nlist to Thomas Smith, editor of the Kentucky Reporter. Mr. Nor- \nwood now left Lexington and spent nearly a year in travelling in the \nSouthern and Eastern States, returning in the fall of 1827, .^oon after \nhis return to Kentucky he went to Cincinnati, and purchased material \nfor a book and job office. There was no lack of work in the way of \nbooks and periodicals and the publishing house soon became a popular \nand paying business. In 1830 Mr. Norwood formed a partnership \nwith James W. Palmer, who insisted on moving the publishing house \nto Louisville, which in the end proved to be a serious mistake, as Mr. \nNorwood had predicted from the start. Mr. Palmer offered to pur- \nchase his partner\'s interest in the business, and his offer was accepted. \nMr. Norwood then entered a commission house, conducted by a rela- \ntive, but soon found that he knew nothing about the business, with \nlittle inclination to learn. He therefore withdrew from the firm and \nreturned to Lexington with the fixed determination to devote himself \nto the study of medicine and the cognate sciences. He accordingly \nentered Transylvania College and earnestl}^ applied himself to the \nstudy of medicine. He opened an office at Madison, Indiana, in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OP BOONE COUNTY. 919 \n\nMarch, 1835, and continued to practice his profession until about the \n<}lose of January following, when he returned to Lexington and gradu- \nated the spring following. In 1840 he was called to the Madison \nMedical Institute and appointed to the chair of surgery. In 1843 \nhe was chosen to fill the chair of materia medica, general therapeutics \nand medical jurisprudence in the medical department of the University \n\xe2\x80\xa2of St. Louis. He remained with this institution until the spring of \n1847, when he resigned to accept the place of assistant United States \ngeologist for the country now embraced in Wisconsin, Iowa, Minne- \nsota and Dakota. The survey lasted until 1851. In 1851 he \nreceived the appointment of State geologist for Illinois, and contin- \nued in this survey until the spring of 1858, when he was removed from \noffice by the newly elected Republican governor. In the spring of 1858 \nhe was invited by Prof. G. C. Swallow to take the place of an assist- \nant in the geological survey of Missouri, and accepted the offer. He \ncontinued in this survey until 1860, when he was elected to the chair \nof natural science in the University of Missouri. He accepted the \nplace and has been a member of the faculty ever since. He has been \ntwice married. His first wife was Miss Louisa Taylor, daughter of a \nmerchant, formerly of Richmond, Virginia. Her mother\'s maiden \nname was Lotspeich, being of Holland origin. Two sons and one \ndaughter were born of this marriage. The daughter is livino-, the \nwidow of Col. J. A. Hendricks, of Indiana, who was killed at Pea Ridge. \nThe eldest son died of small-pox in 1831. Mrs. Norwood and her \nyoungest son died of cholera, at Lexington, Kentucky, in 1833, In \n1837 Dr. Norwood was married to Mary Frances, a dauohter of Mr. \nJohn Pugh, of Madison, Indiana. Three sons and five daughters \nwere born of this marriage. Two of the sons and one dauo-hter died \nin infancy. The third and youngest son, Charles J. Norwood, was \nfor some years engaged in the State geological surveys of Missouri \nand Kentucky, and was formerly professor of natural science in Bethel \nCollege, at Russellville, Kentucky, He is now editor of the Herald- \nUnterprise, Russellville, Kentucky, He married Miss Sallie White, \ndaughter of Hon, Dougherty White, of Lancaster, Kentucky, Four \nof the daughters of this last marriage are living, and three of them are \nmarried. Louise is the wife of Mr, Overton A, Fitch, of Madison, \nIndiana, They have one child, now in his sixteenth year. Eliza \nBoone is the wife of Mr. Henry McConathy, of Columbia. They have \nfour children, two sons and two daughters. Emma is the wife of \nJohn D, Vincil, D, D,, of St, Louis. Thev have one son. In the \n\n\n\n920 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nyear 1862, daring the occupancy of the University building by Federal- \ntroops, Dr. Norwood visited the building every day and remained \nthere protecting the property of the University, It may be well to \nsay that, during these years, he has the reputation of having always \ndone his duty according to his strength and ability. \n\nJAMES C. ORR. \n\nJames Carson Orr, the present county collector of Booue county, \nwas born in Washington county, Virginia, September 8, 1824. At \nthe age of eight years he went with his father\'s family to Sullivan \ncounty, Tennesee, where he resided until he was about 20 years of age \n(or in 1844), when he came to Boone county, settling at Rocheport. \nHere he engaged in merchandising for some years. In the winter of \n1858-9 he removed to Columbia, which has been his home ever since. . \nWhen he first came to Columbia he was deputy sheriff under John M. \nSamuel. During the civil war Mr. Orr took no active part. His sym- \npathies, however, were with the Southern people, and he was placed \nunder bonds by the Federal authorities for his " good behavior." \n\nIn 1866 Mr. Orr was elected sheriff and collector of the county, \nwhich position he held for six years, or until 1873. In 1876 he was \nagain elected sheriff and served one term of two years. In 1880 he \nwas elected county collector. The frequent elevation and reelection \nof Mr. Orr to positions of trust and responsibility proves the estima- \ntion in which he is held by his fellow-citizens who know him best. \n\nNovember 2, 1848, Mr. Orr married Mary Thornton, a native of \nKentucky. They have four children, one son, John, a clerk and book- \nkeeper, and three daughters, viz. : Cornelia J., now Mrs. Charles A. \nMiller ; Ida, wife of N. B. Elkins, both of Columbia ; and Minnie, sin- \ngle. Mr. and Mrs. Orr are members of the M. E, Church South. \nMr. Orr is a prominent Mason, having taken all the degrees of the \norder up to and including the Knight Templars. He is generalissimo \nof the commandery at present, and has twice been master of the lodge. \nHe is also a Knight of Pythias and a Good Templar. \n\nThe father of the subject hereof was John Orr, a native of Penn- \nsylvania, and a soldier in the war of 1812. His father was a native \nof Ireland, and his mother was born in " bonnie Scotland." \n\nFREDERICK PANNELL. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a native of England, having been born \nin London, February 18, 1830. He is the son of Charles and Mary \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 921 \n\nAnn (Sparr) Pannell. Was educated at Graveshead, where he at- \ntended St. John\'s College. He was chorister at St. John\'s Cathedral. \nCame to the United States in the fall of 1850, stopping for the first \nyear at Quincy, Illinois. He next went to Hannibal, Missouri, where \nhe was engaged as a teacher of music. He afterwards travelled and \ntaught music in almost every city of consequence in the West. In \n1858 he came to Columbia, and was professor of music in Christian \nCollege for two years. In 1879 he bought an interest in the \nColumbia Mills, and has been one of that firm ever since. Was \nmarried, in Christian College, by President Eogers, November IB, \n1860, to Miss Fannie E., daughter of George and Ann Milton, \nnatives of Virginia. Six children were born of this marriage, five \nsons and one daughter: Charles F., born October 16, 1861; Al- \nfred K., born January 18, 1865 ; William M., born June 8, 186- ; Ed- \nward F., born December 10, 1870 ; Eva, born August 17, 1873, and died \nOctober 21st, 1874, and George H., born January 18, 1876. Charles \nreceived his education at Christian College. The other children are \nattending the University. The oldest son, Charles F., is now a mem- \nber of the firm of Trimble, Fyfer & Co., Columbia, Missouri. He \nwent into the store as cash boy at the age of fifteen or sixteen. Mr. \nPannell is a well-informed, practical man, energetic and thoroughly \nin earnest in all his undertakings. He is a very fine musician and a \ncomposer of acknowledged ability. Some of his band music has gone \nthe rounds of the entire country. He has frequently heard his music \nplayed in strange places and by strange musicians, note by note as he \nhad written and played it, years before in teaching his classes. \n\nJUDGE ALEXANDER PERSINGER, DECEASED. \n\nIt is a matter of much regret that the material for a life-sketch of \nso worthy a subject as Judge Persinger should have been supplied at \nso late a period before going to press as to necessitate only a brief \nmention of that distinguished man. Yet such frequent mention is \nmade of him elsewhere in this work, that this and that will suffice where \nlack of space so compels it. Judge Persinger was the son of Jacob Per- \nsinger, a name given the .latter by the gentleman of that name in Bo- \ntetourt county, Virginia, who adopted Jacob when a captive among the \nShawnee Indi\'^\xc2\xabns. Alexander was born in Botetourt county, Virginia, \nJuly 11, 1790. He enjoyed but limited school privileges, and was \nlargely self-educated. He served, when a young man, in the war or \n1812, and subsequently came to Illinois, and then, in 1818, came to \n\n\n\n"922 HISTORY or boone county. \n\nMissouri and settled in Montgomery county, where he resided till \n1829, when he came to Boone county, making his home here till the \nday of his death. Though he spent many years in public office, he \nnever in his life asked or sought for any public trust. He was first \nappointed judge of Montgomery county in about 1821, by\'Gov. Fred. \nBates, and the appointment was made without even the judge\'s \nknowledge. He yielded to the importunities of his friends, however, \nand accepted the trust which he so faithfully discharged. He was \ntwice elected and served that county in the legislature, and did simi- \nlar service one term for Boone county. For eighteen years he served the \nlatter as county court judge, and it was as presiding justice of that \ncourt that he achieved his most enduring fame. No man ever graced \nthe position with more dignity, or filled it to the better interest of the \ncounty. Judge Persinger had been married, while living in Mont- \ngomery county, to a Miss Simpson, by whom he had two children, \nJames B. Persinger, who died on his way to California in 1850, and \nMrs. Sallie A., who died in 1870, the wife of Jaaies E. Johnston, of \nColumbia. His first wife died in Montgomery county, and he was \nagain married in 1880, to Mrs. Elizabeth Spence, widow of John M. \nSpence, though no children were born of this union. \n\nJudge Persinger died at the residence of his son-in-law, James E. \nJohnston, in Columbia, Missouri, September 2, 1875, in the eighty- \nsixth year of his age. Since 1836 he had been a member of the \nChristian Church, and died triumphant in the hope of immortality. \nA gentleman of Columbia who knew him well, says of him in an obit- \nuary sketch : \' \' The Alexander Persinger who so recently tottered with \ntrembling steps to an honored grave, is dead ! His mortality will \ndecay and go back again to the cold, dull earth ; but that high-souled, \nchivalric body, descended from Revolutionary loins, who twice bared \nhis young bosom to the storms of relentless war waged against \nhis weak and struggling country ; that bold young pioneer who made \nour wilderness bloom ere Missouri became a star in the constella- \ntion of States ; that sanguine legislator whose prudence, wisdom and \nindustry contributed so largely in constructing the foundations of our \njurisprudence and civilization ; that austere, wise, patient, laborious, \nlearned, incorruptible judge, whose long, eventful, righteous, pros- \nperous and happy administration of justice so signally blessed and \nelevated our people, still lives, and will live on through ages until \ngratitude shall cease to abide in the well-springs of the human heart, \nand generous appreciation be banished from the human soul. Pure, \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 923 \n\ngreat, good old man ! The tearful gratitude and love of a whole \npeople bid you farewell." \n\nJAMES L. PEUETTE. \n\nJames L. Pruette, proprietor of the Columbia tobacco store, is the \nson of James and Permelia (White) Pruette. He was born Novem- \nber 8, 1817, in the city of Frankfort, Kentucky, where he was raised \nand educated. He served an apprenticeship at the tailor\'s trade, \nworking four years at the business. When about seventeen years \nold he left his native State and commenced his travels, and for the \nnext forty years was continuously on the move, visiting almost every \nState of the Union, Canada, Mexico and the tropics. In 1850 he \nwent to California and remained there for two or three years, then \ncame back to the States. Eeturning to California in 1861, he re- \nmained there until 1867, when he came to Columbia and went into the \ngrocery trade with Eobert Shock. Sold out his interest in 1875 and \nbought the tobacco and cigar store of J. M. Baker, and has remained \nin this business ever since. Previous to this he was weigh-master of \nColumbia for one year. The citizens of Columbia put him in posses- \nsion of the tobacco store, and he wishes to express his profound \ngratitude and hearty appreciation of their kindness. At his death he \nmeans to give all that he may then possess to the poor of Columbia. \nHe has built up a good trade, congenial to his taste and sufficiently \nremmierative to make him independent and comfortable. March 12, \xc2\xa7 \n1871, he united with the Methodist Church South, under the preach- \ning of Rev. John D. Vincil. He has been a consistent, conscientious \nmember ever since. His father and mother are both dead. His \nfather died when he was an infant. His mother died in 1882. \n\nROBERT THOMAS PREWITT (DECEASED.) \n\nThe subject of this sketch was the son of Moss and Nancy (John- \nson) Prewitt. He was born in Columbia, Missouri, July 23d, 1845, \nand was educated at the State University, graduating from that \ninstitution June 28th, 1865, with the degree of A. M. He was \nmarried, September 7th, 1869, to Miss Sallie W., youngest daughter \nof Woodson G. and Lucy J. Rubey, of Columbia. They had three \ndaughters, one of whom, Iza, a lovely child of six years, died of \ndiphtheria in 1876, The surviving children are Laura R. and Lucille \nD. Mr. Prewitt was, until his health failed him, an active, energetic \nman. In 1866 he engaged in the mercantile business in Columbia, \n\n\n\n924 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbeing a partner in the firm of Moss & Prewitt. He remained in this \nbusiness until 1875, when he left the store in the hope of restorino; \nhis health by travelling. He visited the South, spending several \nyears in Florida and Texas, but to little purpose. He returned to \nColumbia in feeble health, and gradually grew worse until he quietly \nbreathed his last, May 25th, 1880. He was a member of the Baptist \nchurch, and an earnest, devoted Christian. He did much for the cause \nof religion, contributing liberally of his means and laboring \npersonally for that faith which was ever dear to his heart. He was \ndeacon of the church, and for a number of years superintendent of the \nBaptist Sunday school, and an active member of the Young Men\'s \nChristian Association. He was also one of the trustees of Stephens \nCollege. He was a zealous worker in the cause of education and \ntemperance ; in fact, every cause calculated to benefit the human race \nfound in him an earnest supporter. Moss Prewitt, the father of \nKobert was, in his day, one of the most successful business men of \nColumbia, and his son inherited many of the elements of character \nwhich achieved such signal prosperity for his father in the commercial \nactivities of life. Kobert Prewitt, though cut off in the morning of \npromising yoimg manhood, yet lived long enough to establish a \ncharacter for virtue, devotion to principle and conscientious and \nunswerving maintenance of conviction of duty, whose influence will be \nfelt lono- after his name and life shall have faded from the memories \nof men. \n\nGEORGE COOLEY PRATT. \n\nThe subject of this memoir was born on the 13th of January, 1815, \nat what is now known as East Longmeadow, in the county of Hamp- \nden and State of Massachusetts. His father, grandfather and great- \ngrandfather were large farmers, and lovers of fat cattle and fine \nhorses. His grandfather was a soldier in the great revolution of 1776, \nserving under Washington through that long and bloody war, which \nfinally terminated in the liberation of the American colonists from \nBritish rule ; and his grandmother, whose maiden name had been \nMary Cooley, was one of the young wives of that heroic generation \nwho encouraged the patriotic devotion of their husbands. \n\nMr. Pratt\'s school education was obtained at ^the district school \nin his father\'s neighborhood, the "high school" at Springfield,, \nthe "academy" at Westfield, and the college at Amherst, from \nwhich latter institution he holds the diploma of master of arts. \n\nIn 1836 Mr. Pratt entered upon the profession of civil engineering,. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 925 \n\nbeing employed on city work, on the survey of Fox river in Wisconsin \nfor the Federal Government, and on the location of the railway from \nHartford, Conn., to Springfield, Mass. In the first and. second of \nthese eno;ao;ements he served under a French engineer who had been \nlieutenant-colonel in the Imperial Guard of the great Napoleon. \n\nIn August, 184.1, he came to Missouri; in January, 1842, he was \nappointed professor of languages in Bonne Ferame College in Boone \ncounty, and on the 22d of December of the same year, he was \nmarried to Sarah Maria, daughter of William Shields, Esq., of that \nneighborhood. On the 15th of June, 1843, he was appointed \nassistant to Robert S. Thomas, professor of languages in the State \nUniversit}^ at Columbia, and on the 6th of September of the same \nyear, Prof. Thomas was made professor of metaphysics, logic, etc., \nand Mr. Pratt was appointed professor of ancient and modern \nlanguages. Here he taught the Latin, Greek, French and, on one \noccasion, the Spanish, languages for seven y-ears ; and, in 1850, he \nresigned his position and went across the plains to California. ^ The \ncountry, from the western boundary of Missouri to the waters of the \nSacramento river, in California, was then entirely uninhabited, except \nby Indians, After spending a year in the gold mines, he returned by \nway of Central America, Havana and New York, arriving at home in \nJanuary, 1852. In the spring and summer of that year he assisted \nhis father-in-law in re-surveying a portion of the boundary line \nbetween Missouri and Iowa, and closing up the land lines to the State \nline on both sides of the same. \n\nThe construction of railroads having commenced in the State of Mis- \nsouri, Mr Pratt, in the autumn of 1852, resumed his old profession of \ncivil engineering, taking employment at the time on the Missouri Pacific \nRailroad, and during the next twenty years, i.e., till 1872, he was \neno-aored for most of the time in the location and construction of rail- \nroads, principally in Missouri, but doing some work in Iowa, in \nKansas and in Arkansas. While on the Pacific railroad, he also \nlocated and superintended the construction of the old plank road from \nColumbia to Providence in 1854-5, and v/hile engineer of the \nColumbia Branch railroad, he also located the turnpikes from \nColumbia to Rocheport, to Ashland and to Cedar Creek in 1867. So \nalso, while engineer of the Helena and Iron Mountain railroad, he \nsuperintended the construction of a levee on the Mississippi river \nbelow Helena, in 1871. \n\nWhen the board of railroad commissioners for the State of \n\n\n\n926 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMissouri was organized, April 27tli, 1875, Mr. Pratt was appointed\' \nthe secretary of that commission, wliich position he held until January \n10th, 1881, when he was commissioned as railroad commissioner for \nsix years, having been elected for that office at the general election \nheld November 2d, 1880, at which election he received the largest \nvote given in Missouri for any candidate, either State or Federal. \n\nMr. Pratt has been a resident of Boone county ever since 1842,. \nand of Columbia since 1843. \n\nDR. G. W, RIGGINS. \n\nThe subject of this notice was born February 16th, 1825, on a farm \npart of which was in Callaway and part in Boone county, Missouri, \nthe house being in Callaway ; he, therefore, is a native of that county. \nHis father, Joseph Riggins, was born in North Carolina, but when quite \na young man emigrated to Kentucky, where he married Miss Barzillia \nLawless, the mother of the doctor. They lived in Kentucky for sev- \neral years and in 1816 came to Missouri and located in Howard county, \nand built the first cabin where the town of Old Franklin was \nafterwards built. The site of the present city of Boonville, opposite \nthe town of Old Franklin, was then a dense thicket, and the Indians \nroamed the forest and killed the settlers at their own sweet will. Mr. \nRiggins had no neighbors nearer than the forts above and below his \ncabin, at too great a distance to afford his constant protection. Several \nof his neighbors were killed by the Indians, after the neighborhood \nhad become more thickly settled. He lived at Old Franklin about \nfour years and then bought the farm upon which the doctor was born . \nHe shortly afterwards moved to Cole county, Missouri, where he died \nin 1849 in his seventy-third year. His widow survived him several \nyears and died at the residence of her son, John M. Riggins, of Saline \ncounty, Missouri, at the age of eighty years. Dr. G. W. Riggins was \neducated in Cole county, Missouri. He studied medicine with Dr. \nWm. Bolton of that county, and afterwards he took the medical \ncourse at McDowell\'s College, St. Louis. It was connected with the \nState University during his first year\'s lectures there, but before his \ngraduation, in 1849, the connection had been severed. \n\nIn 1846 Dr. Riggins enlisted in Capt. Monroe M. Parsons\' company, \nDoniphan\'s regiment, and served in the Mexican war, being mustered \nin at Ft. Leavenworth. The history of this regiment is fully set forth \non other pages. The doctor was a participant in all of its engage- \nments, marches, skirmishes, etc. After the battle of Sacramento, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 927 \n\nCol. Doniphan appointed Dr. Riggins assistant surgeon of the res^i- \nment. At that time he was but a private soldier. He refused to ac- \ncept the appointment and was then detailed to take charge of the \nwounded, which he did. \n\nReturning to his home in Cole county he practiced medicine for three \nyears, when he removed to Callaway county and continued the practice \nuntil the breaking out of the war. He took sides at once with the \nConfederacy and went into the State Guard under ex-Governor, after- \nward Maj.-Gen. Sterling Price and commanded a battalion of Calla- \nway county\'s best soldiers. At the reorganization of the army at \nMemphis, he, upon the urgent solicitation of Gen. Price, went into \nthe medical department. He went to Jackson and Mobile, and pro- \ncured large stores of supplies for the sanitary needs of Price\'s army. He \ncontinued in that department until the bright star of the Confederate \nGovernment set to rise no more When the war closed he had charo-e \nof a hospital near Shreveport, Louisiana. He remained at Shreve- \nport, practicing his profession, until 1874, being there in the yellow \nfever epidemic of 1873, when he had charge of a number of cases. \nHe made up his mind nev^er to undergo another siege of the terrible \nYellow Jack, and in 1874 came to Columbia, Boone county, Missouri. \nHe abandoned the practice of medicine and speculated in tobacco for \nabout a year and then opened a family grocery store and sold goods \nfor several years. In the fall of 1881 he went to Texas and engaged \nin business there, but soon sold out and returned to Columbia, and in \npartnership with a gentleman named Moore, opened a carriage factory \nunder the firm name of Moore, Riggins & Co. Dr. Riggins was a \npracticing physician of Jefferson City during the terrible scouro-e of \ncholera there in the years 1850-51. He was the first physician called \nupon to attend the stricken. Men fell upon the streets with the \nplague and died before they could be taken into a house. Dr. Riggins \nhas been married twice, the first time in 1849, to Miss Tennessee \nMatthews Dean, daughter of John Dean of Jefferson City, Missouri. \nThis union was blest by four children, Augusta B., George, William \nand Emmett. Augusta B., has been married twice. Her first hus- \nband was Wesley Gates, and her second was Dr. John A. Malcoum. \nShe is now a widow and lives at Denison, Texas. George is now in \nNew Mexico. William died at Vicksburg, Mississippi, in 1863. Em- \nmett lives in Columbia. Dr. R.\'s first wife died in 1866. He was mar- \nried the second time in 1870, to Mrs Winans, widow of Col. Winans, \nwho was killed during the war, and a daughter of W. W. Harper, of \n\n\n\n928 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nBooiie county. By this marriage they have one child, Mary Harper \nKiggins. The doctor is a member of the Masonic order, holding his \nmembership at Twilight lodge. No. 114, at Columbia. He and his~ \nwife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church South. \n\nJOHN DE W^ILTON ROBINSON. \n\nJohn De Wilton Robinson is the son of B. F. Robinson, of South \nCarolina, one of the early settlers of Boone county, and a member of \nthe Columbia bar, now residing at Dallas, Texas. His mother\'s \nmaiden name was Frances De Wilton McLanahan, also a native of \nSouth Carolina. John was born in Boone county, city of Columbia, \nJune 27, 1834. He grew up in this county and received his education \nat the State University, graduating in the class of 1853. He studied \nlaw under Judge F. P. Wright of W^arsaw, Missouri, and was admit- \nted to the bar of that place in 1854, Hon. Waldo P. Johnson and \nJudge Ballon being his examiners. Locating at Kansas City, he prac- \nticed there till 1861, four years of which time he served as city \nattorney. \n\nMr. Robinson came of a race of Southern people, and, when the civil \ntroubles began, naturally he espoused the. cause of the Confederacy, \nand staked his all upon the issue in favor of the sunny South. In \n1861 he made tours to the southern part of Missouri in the interest of \nthe cause. He joined Rucker\'s company in August, 1862, and soon \nafterwards iSgured in the famous Poindexter\'s raid. He was in the \nactions at Switzler\'s mill and Compton\'s ferry on Grand river. \nAfter the command disbanded, he was taken prisoner by the Federals \nin this county and held nine months, the time being divided between \nColumbia, St. Louis, Cairo, Camp Douglas, and other Federal pris- \nons, during which he endured all the privations and indignities of a \nprisoner of war. In the spring of 1863 he was exchanged at City \nPoint, Virginia, and joined McKinney\'s battalion and was sent to \nPemberton\'s army in Mississippi. He arrived there eight days before \nthe siege of Vicksburg opened. He was transferred to Lowe\'s bat- \ntery (afterwards Dawson\'s) and was in the battles of Baker\'s Creek, \nBig Black, siege of Vicksburg, Mission Ridge, Kelly\'s Cross Roads, \nLa., defence of Mobile and other fights and skirmishes. He had been \ncaptured at Vicksburg, but was released on parole and was in the \nservice at the time of the surrender. He served as private " No. 4 \non the gun," and never lost three days during the entire period of his \nservice except while a prisoner. After the war he returned to Mis- \n\n\n\n\nJOSEPH K. ROGERS, LL. D. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 929 \n\nsouri and bouo;ht a farm m Howard county, which he operated four \nyears. He then went to Rocheport, and after remaining two years, \nmoved back to Columbia, where he has been ever since eno^ao-ed in \nthe practice of the law. In 1880, he was elected county attorne}^ \non the Democratic ticket, which office he still holds, and has en- \ndeavored always to do his duty without fear or favor. Mr. Eobin- \nson was married July 5, 1854, to Miss Sallie Bedford, a native of \nBoone count}^ and the first graduate of Christian College, being the \nvaledictorian of 1853. They have had two children Fannie De \nWilton, wife ofBemm Scott, of Clark county, and Benjamin F. Mr. \nand Mrs. Robinson are both members of the Christian Church. Mr. \nE,. is also a member of the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to the blue \nlodge and chapter. \n\nJOSEPH KIRTLEY ROGERS, A. B., A. M., LL. D. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Fayette county, Kentucky, \nNovember 19, 1828. His ancestry emigrated from England to Vir- \nginia, and thence to Kentucky soon after the Boone settlements there. \nThey located subsequently at Bryan Station, and members of the fam- \nily are now scattered through all the Western States. His father and \nmother, William and Frances Rogers, removed to Missouri in the fall \nof 1830, and settled upon a farm about ten miles west of Palmja-a, \nthe county seat of Marion county. In this frontier land, where the \ntracks of the retiring red man were fresh in the soil and the embers \nof his camp-fires still smouldered in the forests, he spent his child- \nhood and youth. He grew up amid the trials and struggles of a new \ncountr}^, which inure to hardships and train to habits of industry and \nself-reliance. \n\nHis education was commenced in the traditional frontier " log^ \nschool house " with " jDuncheon floor," " slab seats," and a log cut \nout for a window. Mr. Noah Flood, subsequently a prominent min- \nister of the Baptist faith in Missouri, presided over this school. Af- \nter leaving the country school he attended a private school at Phila- \ndelphia, Marion county, Missouri, taught by F. T. Kemper, one of \nthe best educators in the State, and then entered Masonic College, \nMarion county, Missouri, presided over at that time by G. J. Worth- \nington Smith, of Virginia. Archibald Patterson was professor of \nmathematics. He remained here two and a half years, making good \nprogress in Latin and mathematics, and in the fall of 1850 entered \nMissouri University at Columbia, and graduated July 4, 1853, in the \n59 \n\n\n\n930 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncourse of arts with the degree of A, B. He received the honorary de- \ngree of A. M. in 1856, and the degree of LL. D. on May 31, 1882. \nHe was a very industrious student and accomplished the work in three \nyears that was allotted for tour years at the University, and thereby \nimpaired his health which he never regained. In the fall of 1854 he \nopened the St. Joseph Female Academy at St. Joseph, Missouri, and \nsuccessfully managed it two years, and then, owing to his feeble \nhealth, he gave up the school and returned to Columbia. \n\nIn 1856 he accepted a position as professor in Christian College, \nColumbia, under L. B. Wilkes, the president of the institution. In \nJuly, 1858, upon the resignation of President Wilkes, Mr. Kogers \nwas elected his successor as president of Christian College. He held \nthis important and arduous position, discharging its duties with signal \nability and success until July, 1877, when, on account of impaired \nhealth, he resigned. The popularity of the school during this time \nwas all its most enthusiastic friends could desire, and more than its \nbest and most substantial friends expected. \n\nHaving taken charge of Christian College in 1858, the school had \njust arrived at a happy and prosperous period w4ien the war broke \nout. And though at a loss financially, President Kogers stood faith- \nfully by his school with a competent corps of teachers, never losing a \nday or swerving from duty. \n\nIn August, 1855, he was married to Miss Jennie E., daughter Cap- \ntain Archibald S. and Amanda Eobards, of Hannibal, Missouri, an \naccomplished and cultured lady, who afterwards became a most im- \nportant aid and co-woil^er with him in his protracted and laborious \neducational work. \n\nShe now resides on the homestead in Columbia, living on an ample \ncompetence left by her husband to her and her family. Her family \nconsist of Lenoir S. and A. Bowen Rogers, who are now in business \nin New Mexico, and Fanny and her husband, A. B. Holland, Jennie \nM., and E. Estell live with her. \n\nAfter he resigned his presidency he made several trips to the far \nWest with hope of regaining his lost health, and had only returned \nthe morning of the day of his death, which occurred at 12 o\'clock at \nnight, August 24th, 1882, at his residence in Columbia. \n\nImmediately after his death there was a spontaneous move on the. \npart of the citizens of Columbia and vicinity to honor the man whom \nthey loved, which resulted in the following meetings, where appro- \npriate and lengthy resolutions were passed expressive of the sense of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 931 \n\nthe respective assemblies, viz. : Board of trustees of Christian Col- \nlege ; executive committee of the board of curators of the University \nof the State of Missouri ; a meeting of the citizens of Columbia and \nvicinity held at the court-house in Columbia ; and also a meeting of his \npupils held at the Christian church, where there were scores present, \nsome who had sat under his instruction when he was a professor in \nChristian College twenty-five years ago, whose locks are now silvered \nwith gray, and some who attended later. The classes of little boys of \nlong ago had their representatives in the staunchest citizens of to-day. \nAll ages, ranging over the entire time of his connection with the col- \nlege, were there to do him honor. And those who knew him best \nloved him most, and to them the recollection of his words are per- \npetual benedictions. \n\nWILLIAM I. ROBERTS. \n\nWilliam I. Koberts, city marshal, Columbia, Missouri, is the son of \nDr. William R. and Mary E. (Brown) Roberts, natives of Virginia. \nThe subject of this sketch was born in Augusta county, Virginia, \nJune 27th, 1847, and came with his parents to Rocheport, Boone \ncounty, Missouri, June 5th, 1859. Completed his education at the \nRocheport Academy, under the instructions of Prof. Newton Searcy, \none of the ablest educators of the country. Enlisted in the Confed- \nerate service in the fall of 1862 under Col. Poindexter, and partici- \npated in the raid known by his name. Was captured and taken to St. \nliouis, where he was confined in McDowell\'s College, and afterwards \n4it Alton. Was released from prison in the spring of 1863, and in \nthe fall of 1864 reenlisted in Company E, Searcy\'s battalion. Was \nafterwards transferred to the ordnance department and was assistant \nordnance sergeant up to the close of the war. Surrendered at \nShreveport, Louisiana, and was paroled at Alexandria. Returning to \nhis home in Rocheport, he was engaged as a clerk by H. H. Garth. \nWas appointed marshal of the town in 1867, and was city weigh- \nmaster and agent for the Rocheport stage line. July 18th, 1866, he \nstarted to cross the plains, but went no further than Nebraska, return- \ning home July 12th, 1867. Was again appointed marshal of the \ntown, which position he held until 1870. In February, 1870, he \ncame to Columbia and took charge of the Columbia Hotel, on Broad- \nway, which he conducted for one year. For the next three years he \nclerked in different stores and acted as agent for the Rocheport ferry \nand stage line; was appointed city marshal, July 16th, 1874, and \nwas re-appointed in 1876, holding the oflGlce continuously ever since. \n\n\n\n932 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHe is a member of the Presbyterian church, and belongs to the order \nof United Workmen ; also K. of P. He was married, October 5th, \n1870, to Miss Mintie, daughter of George and Amanda Knox. By \nthis marriage they have one son and one daughter, Reuben K. and \nMary B. Mrs. Roberts is a member of the Presbyterian church. \nThe father of Mrs. Roberts twice represented tliis county in the legis- \nlature and was a prominent business man of Rocheport. He died some \ntime in 1847 or 1848. Mr. Roberts has as an official as well as in \nprivate life, won the esteem and confidence of the entire community in \nwhich he lives. His excellent judgment and cool determination in \ndealing with the lawless class stamps him as eminently fitted for the \nduties of his important and dangerous office. \n\nJOHN ROGERS, JR. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is probably entitled to the distinction of \nbeing the oldest citizen now living in Boone county, and, notwithstand- \ning his great age, he is still a healthy, vigorous old man. With all \nhis faculties unimpaired, he looks serenely backward to the time when \nsteam was unknown as a motive power, and steamboats and locomo- \ntives had not been dreamed of. He gazes backward over an extinct \nworld of human beings. Of all the millions of men and women who \nwere breathing the breath of life when he was ushered into this world, \nthree figures, side by side, would more than express the number who \nlinger still upon the shores of time. What a wonderful vista ! How \nremarkable the view through all those changeful years, from 1792 to \n1882 \xe2\x80\x94 four-score and ten years I John Rogers, Jr., was born in \nCulpepper county, Virginia, March 14th, 1792. His father, John \nRogers, Sr., was born in England, and emigrated to the United States \nlong before the revolutionary war. He afterwards removed to Harri- \nson county, Kentucky, where he died in 1821, at the age of seventy- \nthree years. His wife, Nancy (Gregg) Rogers, was born in Stafford \ncounty, Virginia, and died in Harrison county, Kentucky, at the \nadvanced age of ninety-seven years. John Rogers, Jr., came to \nKentucky with his parents, and in 1817 went to St. Louis county, \nMissouri, where he remained one year, going from there to Pike \ncounty, Missouri, where he remained three years. Previous to \ncoming to Missouri Mr. Rogers was married to Mary, daughter of \nEdmund Mountjoy, of Bourbon county, Kentucky. By this mar- \nriage they had nine children, four sons and five daughters, only \none of whom, John M. Rogers, of Pike county, is now living. Mr. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 933 \n\nEogers came to Columbia in 1821. There was at that time but \none store in the phice, A. J. Williams, proprietor. The hotel was \nkept by Gentry. Eld. James Barnes was then sheriff of Boone county. \nMr. Eogers has a vivid recollection of the first Fourth of July cele- \nbration he ever attended at Columbia. The day was honored by a \nbarbecue just east of Flat Branch. There was no speaking. The \nyoung men amused themselves with foot races, jumping and wrestling. \nMr. Rogers settled on a farm about four miles south of Centralia, \nwhere he remained for four years, then returned to Pike county, \nwhere his wife died, January 19th, 1877, in the eightieth year of her \n^ge. Returning to Columbia, he was married, December 6th, 1877, to \nMrs. Mary E. Moody. Since his marriage he has resided in Columbia. \nMrs. Eogers died June 25th, 1882, leaving one daughter, by the last \nmarriage, aged one year and eight months. Mr. Rogers was first a \nmember of the Baptist church, having united with that denomination \nunder the preaching of Eev. Benjamin Allen in 1814. In 1819 he \njoined the Christian church in Pike county, Missouri, under the \npreaching of Eld. Stephen Euddle, at Eamsey\'s Creek church. He \nis a close student of the Bible. He believes that every great event in \nthe world\'s history is either narrated or foretold by the inspired \nauthors of Holy Writ. He holds that our civil war, also the assas- \nsination of President Lincoln, is foretold, and can cite to the chapter \nand verse. He is a fluent talker, and on such topics as he takes an \ninterest in is quite entertaining. \n\nHON. JAMES S. ROLLINS, LL. D.^ \n\nJames S. Eollins is a native of Eichmond, Madison County, Ken- \ntucky, where he was born April 19th, 1812. His paternal grand- \nfather was a native of Ireland. His father. Dr. Anthony Wayne \nEollins, was a prominent physician. His mother, whose maiden \nname was Eodes, was a native of Albemarle county, Virginia. Maj. \nEollins had six brothers and sisters, all of whom are dead, except his \nyoungest sister, who is the wife of Hon. Curtis F. Burnam, a former \nassistant secretary of the United States treasury. \n\nIn early youth Maj. Eollins pursued an academic course in his \n\n\n\n1 So much has been written and published of Major Eollins, and such frequent mention \nis made of him and his connection with Boone county in the general history of this volume, \nthat a condensed sketch is deemed sufficient for the purposes of this work. Indeed, to pub- \nlish anything like a complete biography of so distinguished a subject would require a volume \nin itself, and far transcend the limits of this publication. \n\n\n\n934 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OP BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nnative town, and in 1827 entered Washington College, Pennsylvania,- \nbut at the end of the junior year, he left this institution and entered \nthe University of Indiana, at Blooraington, where he graduated m \n1830. His parents having removed to Boone county, Maj. Rollins, \nafter graduating, joined them. Coming to Missouri, he took charge \nof his father\'s plantation for one year. He then read law under Hon. \nAbiel Leonard, and spent two years at the Transylvania Law School \nLexington, Ky. , where he graduated in 1834. He at once entered upon \nthe duties of his profession at Columbia, Missouri. During the Black \nHaAvk war he served for about six months on the staff of Gen. \nRichard Gentry. In 1836 Maj. Rollins and his law partner, Thomas \n\n\n\n\nRESIDENCE OE HON. JAMES S. ROLLINS, COLUMBIA, MO. \n\nMiller, became editors of the Columbia Patriot, a Whig paper, which \nthey conducted for several years. \n\nIn 1836 Maj. Rollins attended a railroad convention at St. Louis^ \nthe first ever held in the State, and as chairman of the committee on \nresolutions, drafted and submitted a memorial to Congress asking for \na grant of public lands to aid in constructing public works, which the \nconvention favored. \n\nMr. Rollins was married June 6th, 1837, to Miss Mary E. Hickman^ \na native of Howard county. They have had eleven children, eight of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 935 \n\nwhom are livin_^. The oldest son, James H. Rollins, is a o;raduate of \nWest Point and a captain in the U. S. regular army. \n\nMaj. Rollins commenced his public career in 1838 as the Whig \ncandidate for the legislature. He was elected, and, though quite \nyoung, took an active part in the deliberations of that body. During \nthe sessions of 1838-39 he was very active in regard to educational \nmatters, and drafted, introduced and ably advocated the bill to found \nand endow the State University of Missouri. He was reelected in \n1840. During both his terms of service in the legislature he was \nenergetic and earnest in the advocacy of the prosecution of internal \nimprovements, and especially the building of railroads and the improve- \nments of rivers at public expense. He cast his first vote for president \nin 1836, for General Harrison. In 1844 he was a delegate to the \nBaltimore Convention which nominated Henry Clay for president. \nDuring this campaign he made many effective speeches in support of \nMr. Clay. Two years following he was elected to the State Senate, \nand was the leading advocate of the bill to establish the first lunatic \nasylum at Fulton. In 1848 he was the Whig candidate for governor, \nand polled a vote far in excess of the usual strength of his party, \nalthough defeated by Hon. Austin A. King. In the general assembly \nof 1847-49, Maj. Rollins was the Whig candidate for the United \nStates Senate, but the large Democratic majority precluded all hope \nof his election. In 1854 he was again elected to the legislature? \nduring which session he boldly opposed the extension of slavery into \nthe territories. He voted for Col. Doniphan for the United States \nSenate and made an eloquent speech in support of his favorite can- \ndidate. In 1857 Maj. Rollins was again the Whig candidate for \ngovernor to fill the vacancy caused by the election of Governor Polk \nto the United States Senate. His opponent in this race was Hon. R. \nM. Stewart. They made a joint canvass of the State and the excite- \nment was very great. Stewart was declared elected by two hundred \nand thirty votes, but many of Maj. Rollins\'s friends thought that he \nwas really elected. At all events, it was a glorious triumph for the \nWhig candidate who had pushed a forlorn hope to the very verge of \nvictory. In 1860 he was elected to congress from the 9th district. \nHe supported Bell and Everett, while his opponent, Hon. John B. \nHenderson, supported Douglass and Johnson. He took his seat in the \nspecial term called by President Lincoln to convene July 4th, 1861, \nto take measures to suppress the rebellion. He at once took sides \nwith the union. He made many thrilling and efiective speeches both \n\n\n\n936 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nill the halls of congress and elsewhere in behalf of the union. He was \nan active and able supporter of the bill to provide for agricultural \ncolleges in the different States by a grant of public lands. February \n5th, 1862, he introduced a bill to aid in the construction of a railroad and \ntelegraph line from the Missouri river to the Pacific. This bill, with some \n\n\n\n\namendments became a lawin Jul}^ 1862, and under its provisions the \nUnion Pacific, Central Pacific and Kansas Pacific railroads were built \nacross the continent. He voted for and advocated the adoption of \nthe thirteenth amendment to the Constitution, abolishing slav- \n\xe2\x82\xaciy in the United States, although at the time he was probably the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 937 \n\nlargest slave owner in Boone county. This amendment had been in- \ntroduced in the United States senate by Hon. John B. Henderson, of \nMissouri. Maj. Eollins delivered a\' powerful speech during this ses- \nsion in favor of freedom of speech and in opposition to the expulsion of \nMr. Long, of Ohio, for expressing disunion sentiments in the House \nof Eepresentatives. Major Rollins declined a reelection to congress \nin 1864, and returned to his home in Columbia. In 1866 he was \nagain sent to the legislature, and during this session was engaged in \nrevising the statutes of the State, to adapt them to the new Constitu- \ntion adopted in 1865. He was also greatly interested in perfecting \nthe common school system of the State and the rehabilitation of the \nState University upon a firm and enduring basis, it having been broken \nup during the war. He introduced and secured the passage of a bill \nestablishing a normal department in the State University, and to pro- \nvide for rebuilding the president\'s house, which had been destroyed \nby fire. In 1867 President Johnson appointed him a director of the \nUnion Pacific Railroad Company, which he accepted, but resigned in \n1868. In the latter year he was again elected to the State senate, re- \nceiving a very decided majority of the votes cast, but his seat was \ncontested. After a long and severe contest he was seated, notwith- \nstanding a majority of senators were \'opposed to him politically. \nDuring this session of the senate Maj. Rollins introduced a bill to es- \ntablish an agricultural and mechanical college, endowed with 330,000 \nacres of land granted by the general government to the State for that \npurpose. This measure, after extended and animated discussions in \ntwo legislatures, became a law after being amended so as to give \none-fourth of the lands to the School of Mines at RoUa. He is also \nthe author of the law cutting down the initiation fees to the State Uni- \nversity, making that institution substantially free to the sons and \ndauo-hters of Missouri. \n\nAside from being one of the largest subscribers to the fund to se- \ncure the location of the University at Columbia, Maj. Rt)llins has been \nthe author and chief advocate of every important bill passed by the \nlegislature providing for or adding to the maintenance and advance- \nment of Missouri\'s greatest school. No wonder he ;has received the \ntitle of " Father of the University of Missouri." The history of the \nUniversity, given on other pages of this volume, sets forth, in part, his \nservices in behalf of the institution. Mr. Rollins is also the author \nof the laws creating the State Normal Schools at Kirksville and \nWarrensburg, having reported them, when chairman of the com- \n\n\n\n938 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmittee on education, to the legislature, and warmly advocated their \npassage. \n\nSpace forbids the enumeration of the many public acts and services \nof Maj. Rollins in behalf of his country, his State, his county \nand his town. Suffice it to say that he has been foremost in every \ngood work, and that his hand, his purse and his brain have ever been \nat the service of his people in every laudable undertaking. Mr. \nRollins is now in the sere and yellow leaf of life \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nAnd that which should accompany old age, \nAs honor, love, obedience, troops of friends, \n\nHe has in great abundance. He spends his time chiefly in retirement \nin his elegant home in the suburbs of Columbia, a view of which is \nshown elsewhere, and his chief delight is the entertainment of the \nmany friends who call upon him. Two of his sons, Curtis B. and \nGeorge Bingham, and an accomplished daughter, are at home with \ntheir father and mother, and there is not a happier household in \nall Missouri than the one whose honored head bears the name of \nJames S. Rollins. \n\nLook where he sits, this man of peace. \n\nUpon the sward, under a linden. \n\nMark you, his hair and beard all gray. \n\nHis face a-wrinkled, and his hand half-palsied that doth clutch his staff; \n\nBut yet his eye is bright and lights as when he led his legion. * * * \n\n* * * O ! what a change in him and all ! \nAnd yet to him it seemeth better. \n\nThe clamor of his goats and sheep, the noise of plows and groaning wains, \n\nDoth please him more than did aforetime the plaudits of galleries, \n\nThe acclaim of multitudes, the rumble of a thousand chariots and triumphal cars. \n\nThat babbling youngster \xe2\x80\x94 his grandchild, mayhap, \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nWho climbs upon his seat and plucks his beard, \n\nAnd gets a hug and kiss, then shouts in triumph. \n\nClimbs clumsily down, runs away and, tumbling. \n\nSprawls upon the grass, then shouts again, \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nThat romping elf can his attention gain \n\n(Hear him ; he cries, "Come help me up ! ") \n\nSooner and s\'urer than we, who sat in senate with him \n\nAnd heard his voice when it counseled and proclaimed our country\'s policies. \n\n* * * Look you, so should all good men end their days. \n\nDR. A. W. ROLLINS, DECEASED. \n\nDr. Anthony Wayne Rollins was born in Westmoreland county. \nPa., March 5, 1783. His father, Henry Rollins, was a native of \nCounty Tyrone, Ireland, and came to America during the Revolution- \nary war, in which he took a part on the side of the Colonies. Among \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 939 \n\nother engagements in which he participated, he was at the battle of \nBrandvwiue. \n\nDr. A. W. Eollins was reared amidst the disadvantages of poverty, \nand was thrown at an early period upon his own resources to fight the \nbattle of life. Possessing a firm physical constitution and good na- \ntive intellect, he went resolutely to work with a strong purpose to \nachieve success and to win a respectable position amongst men. By \nalternately working on a farm and attending such primitive schools as \nwere at that early day to be found in the country, he gained the rudi- \nments of a good common school education, which enabled him to be- \ncome a schoolmaster himself. In this useful and honorable employ- \nment he was engaged until he got sufficiently ahead with ready means \nto enter Jefierson College, at Connonsburg, Pennsylvania, where he \nsuccessfully completed his education. In 1803 or 1804 he went to \nKentucky and lived successively in the counties of Bourbon, Fayette \nand Madison, engaging in school teaching and pursuing the study of \nmedicine. He engaged in practice as a physician in Richmond, the \ncounty seat of Madison county, which he made his permanent home \nfor twenty-five years. \n\nOn the 18th day of April, 1811, he was united in marriage to Miss \nSallie Harris Rodes, the second daughter of Judge Robert Rodes, a \nprominent and distinguished citizen of Madison county, and a sister of \nthe venerable Colonel William Rodes, of Richmond, and also of Major \nClifton Rodes, now residing at Danville, Kentucky. She was a lady \nof refined and beautiful character, and the union was one which \nbought great contentment and happiness to the parties. By this mar- \nriage there were seven children, of whom only two are now living \xe2\x80\x94 \nthe eldest, the Honorable James S. Rollins, of Columbia, Missouri, \nand the youngest Mrs. Sarah H. Burnam, the elegant and accom- \nplished wife of the Honorable Curtis F. Burnam, graduate of Yale \nCollege, and a distinguished lawyer of Kentucky. \n\nIn the spring of 1830, his eldest daughter, Eliza, having made a mar- \nriage engagement with Dr. James H. Bennett, then residing in Colum- \nbia, Missouri, and the health of Dr. Rollins failing, he determined to \nemigrate with his family to Missouri. Having purchased a fine body of \nland, partially improved, in the western part of Boone county, about \nfour miles north of the Missouri river, he came and took possession of it \nin the spring of 1830, and pursued steadily thereafter the profession of \nagriculture until his death, which occured at Richland, his residence \nin Boone county, on the 9th day of October, 1845, in the sixtj^-third \n\n\n\n540 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nyear of his age. He was buried at the family cemetery with Masonic \nhonors, of which ancient order he had been a life-long member; but \nhis remains, with those of his affectionate .wife, were afterwards \nremoved to the Columbia Cemetery, where they now rest. \n\nDr. Rollins took great interest in the establishment of schools, in \nbuilding churches and in all other enterprises calculated to improve \nthe social and physical condition of the people among whom he lived. \nHis services in behalf of the State University are set down in the \nhistory of that institution, on other pages of this work. What is \nknown as the "Rollins aid fund" was created by him pursuant to \nthe following provision of his last will and testament: \n\nItem 7th. \xe2\x80\x94 Having felt the great disadvantages of poverty in the acquisition of my own \neducation, it is my will that my executors, hereinafter named, shall, as early after my death \nas they may deem expedient, raise the sum of $10,000 by the sale of lands of which I may die \nseized, and which I have not especially bequeathed in any of the foregoing items, which sum \nof $10,000 I desire may be set aside for the education of such poor and indigent youths of \nBoone county, male and female, as are not able to educate themselves. \n\nThe principal of this sum, by careful management under the direc- \ntion of the County Court of Boone county, has increased to $30,000, \nthree-fourths of the annual interest upon which sum is annually ex- \npended in giving aid to such young men and women as desire to ob- \ntain an education at the State University, and the remaining one- \nfourth of the interest is added regularly to the principal. Already \nsome hundreds of pupils have received substantial aid from this source, \nwithout which they would not have been able to prosecute their studies. \n\nDr. Rollins was a man of fine presence and noble mien, and cordi- \nally admired for his genial manners and high character. The engrav- \ning on another page is from a portrait by Bingham, now in the library \nof the University, and is said to be a good likeness of the destin- \nguished subject. \n\nCOLONEL FRANCIS T. RUSSELL. \n\nCol. Francis T. Russell, lawyer and prominent business man of \nColumbia, Missouri, was born in Cabell county. West Virginia, April \n24th, 1821, and was raised on a farm. He received his education at \nthe Ohio University, under Drs. Read and McGuffey. Studied law and \nwas licensed to the bar in Virginia. Removed to Missouri in the fall \nof 1841, and settled in Columbia, Boone county, having been influ- \nenced to do so by the. location of the University at this place. Com- \nmenced the practice of law, which he kept up at intervals until the \nclose of the late war. Was married May 6th, 1846, to M. Caroline \nLenoir, a native of North Carolina, with whom he has raised seven \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 941 \n\nchildren, all living. Shortly after his marriage he settled at his pres- \nent home, in West Columbia, where he has resided ever since. Crossed \nthe plains to California in 1849, with a Boone county company, and \nremained in the mines until the winter of 1850, when he returned and \nled an expedition of his own on a second trip of great exposure, sick- \nness and loss. He returned to Columbia in the winter of 1851, and \nresumed his law practice. For the next ten years he was engaged in \na mixed business requiring great labor and energy. In addition to the \nlaw, he managed his farms, a saw-mill, and attended to the duties of \npublic administrator. He was also a trustee of Christian College, and \nsave that institution a laro;e share of his time and money. At the \nbreaking out of the civil war he became and remained a decided Union \nman. He organized the Union clubs of the county. Was com- \nmissioned a lieutenant-colonel of the 61st regiment Enrolled Mis- \nsouri Militia, by Gov. Gamble, and went at once into active local \nservice. During the same j^ear he was commissioned by President \nLincoln one of the Home Guard commissioners for Missouri. His \nassociates were Charles T. Sherman, of Ohio, brother to Gen. Sherman, \nand George R. Taylor, with Col. James H. Moss as U. S. attorney. \nThe duties of this office lasted for nearly seven months, and nearly \n$1,000,000 of claims for services and material- were audited and al- \nlowed against the United States, in favor of early, irreo:ular service \nin Missouri. After fulfilling the duties of this position he returned to \nactive military service at home in the autumn of 1863, but early in \nthe winter following he was detailed for duty as provost marshal at \nColumbia, in which position he remained until the office was closed \nin 1864. He was elected to the legislature in 1868 on the Repub- \nlican ticket and served two sessions. He was chosen to this service \xe2\x80\x94 \nwith Hon. James S. Rollins in the Senate \xe2\x80\x94 with special reference to \nthe Agricultural College being located in Boone county, and so com- \npletely did this matter absorb their time and attention that the Boone \nmembers could take no part in any other legislation, scarcely even \nby voting. The desired result was finally achieved at the end of the \nsecond winter, but not without great labor and skilful management \non the part of both the Boone members and their friends. It may \nbe said that with less ability, energy and perseverance than were dis- \nplayed by Col. Russell and Maj. Rollins, and the earnest cooperation \nof a number of enterprising citizens of Boone county, the Agricultural \nCollege would never have been located at Columbia. Col. Russell \nvoted for the emancipation ordinance. From 1860 to 1880 he was a \n\n\n\n942 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncurator of the State University, and as such was justly entitled to the \ncredit of placing his old preceptor, Dr. Daniel Eead, at the head of \nthat institution, and whose earnest and devoted labors in behalf of the \nUniversity are well known and universally recognized by all true \nfriends of the institution. He oro;anized and carried throuah the \npresent system of cheap club boarding houses for poor students. He \nalso procured the appointment of Prof. Ficklin to his present position \nin the University. Was also one of the committee to locate the \nSchool of Mines, and to visit all the ag-ricultural colleo;es in the \nUnited States in the interest of the Missouri school. E. L. Todd, \nof Columbia, and A. W. Matthews, of Springfield, were also members \nof the committee. For the last ten years Col. Russell has devoted his \ntime to domestic life and private business affairs. \n\nJOHN BEDFORD ROYALL AND FAMILY. \n\nThe distinguished family whose history is briefly outlined in this \nsketch originated in Virginia, the grand "Old Dominion" from \nwhence so many of the finest families of the land have come westward \nand southward. John Bedford Royall, whose immediate family are \nassociated with the history of Boone county, was born in Halifax \ncounty, Virginia, May 23, 1788. He was reared in his native county, \nand finished his educational course at Hampden-Sidney College. He \nwas commissioned a captain of cavalry in the war of 1812, and therein, \nas all through his long and useful life, did creditable service. He was \na man of great literary tastes and aesthetical turn of mind ; and he \ngratified his desires in this particular by much close and constant \nreading. He was admitted to the Virginia bar and practiced law in \nthat State for some years. He removed to Boone county, Missouri, \nin 1840, though he only lived four years after settling in this hospitable \nclime. Mr. Royall was married, Janua,ry 29, 1817, to Miss Pamelia \nWilliamson Price, daughter of Pugh W. Price, of Prince Edward \nCounty, Virginia. Mr. Royall had been long connected with the \nPresbyterian church, and died firm in that faith, departing this life in \nColumbia, Missouri, August 24, 1844. Mrs. Royall, who still survives \nat this writing, is living in Columbia with her son and daughter. She \nwas born August 11, 1800, and is a sister of the lamented Gen. Ster- \nling Price of Confederate fame, John R. Price, Maj. Robert Pugh \nPrice, and Dr. Edwin Price. Her brothers all became more or less \ndistinguished. The generous and noble-hearted Pugh, though less \nfamous than some of his brothers, has never been publicly mentioned \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 943 \n\nin such a manner as his many estimable qualities entitled him to. \nMrs. Royall was educated at Reed\'s Academy in Virginia. She was \nmarried young, and became the mother of six children. Elizabeth \ndied at fifteen years old, while at school at Danville, Va., Academy. \nMary Jane Royall became the wife of Col. William F. Switzler, of \nColumbia, and died September 11, 1879. Wm. Bedford Royall is at \nthis writing a colonel in the regular United States army. He had \nserved in the Mexican war, and was a first lieutenant in Captain \nMcMillan\'s Boone county company. He was in Texas at the out- \nbreak of the civil war, and remained loyal to his government, doing \nmost of his service in Virginia. He was six times wounded in an \neno-ao\'ement with "Jeb." Stuart\'s Confederate cavalry. This took \nplace in Virginia, and was a hand-to-hand fight, in which Captain \nLataine was killed. Capt. L. was in command of a Confederate \ndetachment that assailed Capt. Royall. At the close of the war Wil- \nliam B. came out with the rank of major. He distinguished himself \nin June, 1876, in a fight with Sitting Bull at Rosebud, Dakota Terri- \ntory. He now holds the rank of lieutenant-colonel, and is with his \nregiment in Arizona Territory. John Price Royall, still another son, \nand now teacher of book-keeping in the State University, was born in \nHalifax county, Virginia, July 11, 1831. He married Miss Nancy C. \nWells, of California, June 4, 1868, Prof. Royall went out to California ^ \nin 1850, and there became assistant State superintendent under O. P. ^ \nFitzgerald, D. D. He was engaged in teaching mining and farming \nduring his long residence in that State, and also taught book-keeping \nin the San Francisco city schools. He returned to Columbia in 1880, \nand went in the University as stated above. Victoria Regina resides \nin Columbia with her mother and brother, while Virginia Lafayette \n(now Mrs. J. A. Henderson, wife of Judge Henderson, of St. Louis \ncounty), is now a resident of Clayton, that county. \n\nCOL. WILLIAM F. SWITZLER. \n\nCol. Switzler was born in Fayette county, Kentucky, March 16, \n1819. His paternal grandparents were natives of Switzerland. They \nemigrated to America, settling near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, subse- \nquently removing to Orange county, Virginia, where Simeon Switzler, \nthe father of Col. S. was born. Li 1826 Wm. F. came with his father \nto Fayette, Howard county, Missouri, and here resided until 1832, \nwhen the family moved to a farm about midway between Fayette \n\n\n\n944 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nand Boonville. He attended school at Mt. Forest Academy and read\' \nlaw at home, his instructors in law being Col. J. Davis and Judge \nAbiel Leonard. \n\nCol. Switzler early evinced a decided taste for politics. In 1840, \nwhen but twenty-one years of age, he was a strong Whig, and wrote \na series of able articles in the Boonslick Times (then published at \nFayette) advocating the election of Gen. Harrison. January 8, 1841, \nhe came to Columbia and read law in the office of Hon. J. S. Rollins. \nIn 1841 he was selected to deliver a public address on the occasion of \nthe death and in commemoration of the life and services of Gen. \nHarrison. In the same year he became editor of the Patriot. His \nadmission to the bar occurred in 1842. In July he retired from the \nPatriot, but in December following he purchased a half interest in the \noffice, and again became its editor (see history of Coluj;nbia Patriot). \nCol. Switzler\'s public services in behalf of his county and State are \nset forth on other pages of this volume and need not again be men- \ntioned here. \n\nAs stated, he was an old line Whig, and as such voted for and \nsupported Gen. Harrison for president in 1840 ; Henry Clay in 1844 ; \nGen. Taylor in 1848 ; Gen. Scott in 1852 ; Millard Fillmore in 1856 ; \nand John Bell in 1860. In the latter year he was a candidate for \npresidential elector on the Bell-Everett ticket and made a thorough \ncanvass of his district. During the war he was a decided but con- \nservative Union man. Since 1863 he has acted with the Democratic \nparty. He supported Gen. McClellan for president in 1864; Hora- \ntio Seymour in 1868 ; Horace Greeley in 1872 ; Samuel J. Tilden in \n1876, and Gen. Hancock in 1880. \n\nIn 1866 and also in 1868 Col. Switzler was the Democratic nominee \nfor cono-ress in his district. Notwithstanding the disfranchisement of \na very large number of Democrats, he was both times elected by \nlarge majorities over his Radical competitors. The Radical secretary \nof state " went behind the returns," however, and each time gave the \ncertificate of election to Col. S.\'s competitor. Each time the case \nwas carried up to congress, and on both occasions a majority of the \ncommittee on election, largely Republican, reported in favor of Col. \nSwitzler. The Radical majority in the house, however, refused to \nratify the actions of the committee, and both times awarded the seats \nto the sitting members. On both occasions Col. Switzler presented \nhis case to the house in speeches of great ability and power, which \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 945 \n\nuttracted attention and comment throughout the Union. Previous to \nthe war \xe2\x80\x94 in 1846, 1848 and 1856 \xe2\x80\x94 he was elected to the legisla- \nture from Boone county. \n\nCol. Switzler was a member of the State constitutional convention \nof 1865, in which he took a very prominent part against disfranchise- \nment and other extreme measures adopted by the Radical majority of \nthat body. He was also a member of the constitutional convention \nof 1875, and was chairman of the committee on education. To him \nthe people of the State are largely indebted for the article on that \nsubject in the present constitution. \n\nJanuary 1, 1878, leaving the Statesman newspaper under the edito- \nrial control and business management of his brother, Lewis M. Switz- \nler, a lawyer of Columbia, and of his eldest son, Irvin Switzler, he \nassumed half ownership and chief editorial charge, in conjunction \nwith M. B. Chapman, of the St. Joseph Daily Evening Chronicle, \nbut in April following disposed, of his interest, returned to Columbia \nand resumed control of the Statesman, which he yet maintains. His \nhistory discloses the remarkable fact of more than forty years\' editor- \nship of the same paper in the same town. \n\nA few days after he left Columbia for St. Joseph, as it was supposed, \nthere to make his permanent home, his old neighbors and countymen \nheld a public meeting in the court-house, which was presided over by \nthe late Elder J. K. Rogers, and which was addressed by Hon. J. S. \nRollins, Robert L. Todd, Prof. G. C. Swallow, Rev. W. T. Ellington, \nCapt. H. C. Pierce and others, each bearing testimony to the high \ncharacter, ability and services of Col. Switzler, with personal regrets \nat his leaving Columbia. Resolutions were passed by the meeting \neulogistic of him as a journalist, legislator and citizen \xe2\x80\x94 such resolu- \ntions as few men of any State live to see passed and published in \ncommendation of them by their old friends and countymen. \n\nIn 1877 Col. Switzler wrote " Switzler\'s History of Missouri," \nuniversally regarded and adopted as the standard history of our State. \nBeing for so long a time in public life and blessed with a phenomenal \nmemory, he is a perfect animated cyclopedia of facts pertaining to \nthe history of Missouri and Boone county, and has the full capacity to \nput them on paper, as is evidenced by the "History of Missouri," \nand by this volume, the general history in which was chiefly written \nby him. \n\nIn August, 1843, Mr. Switzler was married, in Columbia, to Mary \nJane Royall, a daughter of John B. Royall, of Halifax county, Vir- \n60 \n\n\n\n946 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nginia. Mrs. Switzler died September 11, 1879, leaving three grown \nchildren, two sons and one daughter. One of the sons, Irvin Switz- \nler, is now proprietor of the Columbia Statesinan. Col. Switzler \nhimself remains unmarried. \n\nIt may further and in conclusion be said of Col. Wm. F. Switzler \nthat he is a self-made man, who has won honorable distinction by \nindustry, self-reliance, personal purity and worth. As a journalist he \nranks high, the Statesman being regarded as a powerful and influen- \ntial journal which in each issue is filled with matter conducive to good \ntaste, good morals, and good government. Although always sur- \nrounded by those who made, sold and drank spirituous liquors he has \nnever tasted of an intoxicating beverage . He has been always a steady, \nunflinching advocate of total abstinence, and is known as a leading \nworker in the cause of temperance and prohibition in this State. He \nis the G. W. C. T. of the order of Good Templars for the fourth time. \n\nCol. Switzler has done good service for Boone county. As its rep- \nresentative in legislative councils he was always ready, faithful and \nefficient ; during the war he was of great assistance to the people of \nhis county who favored secession, and had fallen under the ban of \nFederal militar}^ authority ; in every public enterprise he was always \namong the foremost ; in every good work he has never been behind \nhand ; as a friend he is loyal and trustworthy ; as a citizen and a man \nhe is a model, and while he is now blessed with troops of friends \nand admirers, there are generations yet unborn that will rise up \nto do honor to his memory. \n\nJOHN MARTIN SAMUEL. \n\nJohn M. Samuel was born in Columbia, Boone county, Missouri, \nDecember 16, 1825. His parents were Eichard and Lucy (Marrs) \nSamuel. He had the misfortune to lose both his father and mother \nat the age of six years, and was subsequently taken to Kentucky \nwhere he was reared to manhood and partly educated under the care \nof relatives of that State. Returning to Columbia, Missouri, in 1842, \nhe entered the State University, then opened for the first time for the ad- \nmission of students. He was therefore one among the first to avail him- \nself of the superior advantages afl\'orded by this institution of learning. \nIn 1844 he attended college in Louisville, Kentucky. He then studied \nlaw with Preston Loughborough and William H. Field, of that city, \nand in 1848-9 attended a course of lectures at the law school of Transjd- \nvania University, Kentucky. After years of study and preparation \n\n\n\n\n\n\nLlJIo \n\n\n\n\nrjo 9ii da/}fuctl \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 947 \n\nfor the bar, he now determined to eno;ao-e in the mercantile business \nand devoted all his energy and enterprise in that direction, being \nlargely interested in the sale of merchandise and in shipping tobacco \nand pork. He was quite successful in business and contributed largely \nto the prosperity of the community with whom he traded. Always \nliberal in his dealings, he has, while prospering himself, promoted the \nprosperity of others. He was elected sheriff of Boone county in \n1857 by the largest majority, perhaps, ever received by a candidate \nfor that office, in this county. He was re-elected in 1859. He was \nelected clerk of the circuit court in 1867, and re-elected in 1871. In \n1876 he was elected county treasurer, and now holds that position. \nHe has given entire satisfaction to the public in all his official rela- \ntions, and he has performed all his public duties with ability, prompt- \nness and integrity. He is a gentleman of benevolent and kindly im- \npulses, a public spirited citizen, a wise counsellor and a true friend, \nand is deservedly popular in the community which has known him \nlong and well. Mr. Samuel was married, September 2, 1847, to Miss \nElenora B., daughter of the late Ishmael Vanhorn, of Boone \ncounty. They have three daughters, all married. Mr. and Mrs. \nSamuel are faithful members of the Presbyterian church, and are \nusefully and actively interested in the general good of society. \n\nPROF. PAUL SCHWEITZER, PH. D. \n\nProf. Schweitzer is a native of Prussia, born in the city of Berlin, \nMarch 16, 1840. His father was a respectable citizen of the middle \nclass and renowned as a mathematician. Prof. Schweitzer received his \neducation in the Universities of Berlin and Goettingen, graduating \nfrom the latter institution in 1869. In 1864 he came to America and \nresided for a time in the cities of Philadelphia and New York. He \nwas a teacher in the polytechnic school at Philadelphia, and also taught \nin the school of mines, Columbia College, New York City. In 1867 \nhe returned to Germany and remained a few mouths. In 1869 he \nagain visited the fatherland, and it was during this visit that he \nreceived his diploma from Goettingen . He returned to New York and \nresumed his place in the school of mines of Columbia where he was \nemployed until in September, 1872, when he accepted the position of \nprofessor of analytical and applied chemistry in the University or \nMissouri ; this title was afterwards changed to that of professor of \nchemistry, and this position he now holds. \n\nProf. Schweitzer\'s reputation as a chemist is already well established. \n\n\n\n\xe2\x96\xa0948 HISTORY or boone county. \n\nt \n\nHis preceptors were the celebrated Gerraj^an scientists Mitscherlich, \nEose, and Woehler. He is a corresponding member of the New- \nYork Academy of Science, a member of the American Chemical So- \n<;iety, and a fellow of the American Association for the advancement \nof science. He is the author of many important papers on the sub- \njects connected with the science of chemistry. A lecture delivered \nby him on the subject of petroleum has been published, widely cir- \nculated, and universally commended, being frequently referred to and \nquoted from as indisputable authority. The professor belongs to the \nconservative school of thought, not sharing the views of many Ger- \nman scientists and philosophers. He accepts only what is demonstrated \nto be true, indulges in but few speculations concerning the improbable, \nand rejects everything that will not bear analysis. He is wedded to \nhis science and is constantly discovering new beauties and priceless \nqualities in his mistress. \n\nJune 22, 1870, Prof. Schweitzer married Miss Sarah Howard, a na- \ntive of England, but a resident of New York City at the time. They \nnow have two children, Willis and Lizzie. The professor was born \nand confirmed in the Lutheran church, and has never united with any \nother religious organization. Mrs. Schweitzer is a Baptist. Prof. S., \nwas naturalized as an American citizen in 1872, and is warmly at- \ntached to the institutions of his adopted country. He attends elec- \ntions, votes to please himself, and is not a partisan in politics, bear- \ning himself in all things " with malice toward none, and charity for \nall." \n\nAUGUST SCHULTS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Peter and Mary (Bellamer) \nSchults. He was born May 28th, 1828, in Elberfeld, Prussia. Was \nreared and educated in his native town until 1844, when he entered \nthe University of Bonn, where he remained for five years. He gradu- \nated at that institution, July 4th, 1855. After finishing his course at \nBonn he left for America, landing in the city of New York, where he \nkept books for two years. In 1857 he went to Buffalo, New York, \nwhere he enlisted in the United States army and was sent to Utah. \nHe belonged to the regular army for five years. Li 1862 he joined \nthe Federal army, and was made adjutant of the Thirtieth Missouri in- \nfantry. Was in the battles of Arkansas Post, Vicksburg, Walnut Hill, \nFt. Blakely and Port Hudson. Was mustered out in Columbus, Texas, \nin 1865. In the spring of 1866 he went into the produce and commis- \nsion business in St. Louis, Missouri, and remained there until he \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 949^ \n\ncame to Columbia, in 1868. He engaged in farming, one and one- \nhalf miles northwest of Columbia, untilJanuary, 1875, when he moved \nto town and entered the circuit clerk\'s office, where he has labored \never since. He was married in St. Louis to Emma Solier, daughter \nof Louis S. Solier, of Switzerland. His father died in Elberfeld, \nPrussia, in 1845. His mother died in 1861. Mr. Schults is an excel- \nlent clerk. His writing is as plain as print and perfectly uniform. \nHis books will compare with the best in State for neatness and ac- \ncuracy. He takes great pride in his work and has always given per- \nfect satisfaction. \n\nWARWICK MARTIN SCOTT. \n\nWarwick Martin Scott, son of Eobert E. and Anna H. (Oldham) \nScott, was born in Boone county, October 8th, 1846. A sketch of \nhis family may be found elsewhere in this volume, in connection with \nthe biography of Robert E. Scott. The subject of this sketch was \neducated at the Missouri State University. He commenced business \nas a clerk, October 8th, 1867, with Moss & Prewitt, dry goods mer- \nchants, of Columbia, Missouri. He stayed with this firm for five years \nthen went to Paris, Texas, where he sold dry goods for J. T. Berry, re- \nmainino\' with him for sixteen months. He then returned to Boone \ncounty, in August, 1874, and went to clerking for Samuel & Strawn. \nRemained with them until August, 1875, when he became a member \nof the grocery firm of Scott, Kennan and Ferguson. Was a member \nof the firm of Strawn, Ferguson & Co., dry goods merchants, for \nseveral years, also of Scott, Kennan & Co., groceries, until August \n1st, 1882. He is now a member of the firm of Scott & Kennan, one \nof the largest and best equipped mercantile establishments in Central \nMissouri. Messrs. Scott & Kennan are self-made men, born and \nraised in Boone county, and from early boyhood thoroughly identified \nwith the business interests of Columbia and the surrounding country. \nWas married, October 8th, 1878, to Miss Annie B., daughter of \nDr. Alfred and Percilla Patton, of Vincennes, Indiana, They have \none son and one daughter, \xe2\x80\x94 Annie P., born July 29th, 1879, and \nRobert Alfred, born July 18th, 1881. Mr, Scott is a member of the \nChristian church, also of the Masonic order. Mrs. Scott is a member \nof the Christian church. \n\nGEORGE p. KENNAN. \n\nGeorge P. Kennan, a prominent business man of Columbia, was \nborn seven miles northeast of Columbia, May 7, 1848. He is the \n\n\n\n950 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nson of Samuel and Harriet (Rogers) Kenuan. Was reared on the \nhomestead, attending the public school of his neighborhood during his \nminority. He commenced his business career, February 16, 1867, when \nhe entered the dry goods store of Conley, Strawn & Co., as a sales- \nman. He continued with this firm six years, when he became a mem- \nber of the dry goods firm of Strawn, Hedden & Co. He was a mem- \nber of this firm for two years. In 1874 he was engaged as a sales- \nman in the dry goods store of Samuel & Strawn, and remained with \nthat firm one year. In 1875 he left the dry goods trade and embarked \nin the grocery business with Scott, Kennan & Ferguson, under the \nfirm name of Scott, Kennan & Ferguson. Continued with this firm \n\n\n\n\nW. M. SCOTT. GEORGE P. KENNAN. \n\nProprietors Great Western Grocery House, Columbia, Mo. \n\n\n\nuntil 1879. From 1879 until August 1, 1882, he was one of the part- \nners of Strawn, Ferguson & Co., dry goods, and Scott, Kennan & \nCo., grocers. The present firm is Scott & Kennan. They employ \nfour salesmen and three porters and run three wagons. Their stock \nconsists of all kinds of staple and fancy groceries, queensware, glass, \nwooden and tinware. Mr. Kennan has been remarkably successful in \nbusiness, having commenced without a dollar. The firm of \nScott & Kennan is doing the largest business, perhaps, of any simi- \nlar establishment in the county. The firm is composed of young men \nborn and raised in Boone county, each of whom commenced life with \nlittle or no capital but nerve, energy and prudence. They have mer- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 951 \n\nited and won the confidence and patronage of the public and have \nestablished a business second to none in the country, Mr. Kennan \nwas married, September 18, 1879, to Miss Sue, daughter of Dr. \nWilliam and Matilda (Colborn) Garrard. They have one child, Ma- \ntilda C. \n\nTHOMAS CALVIN SCRUGGS. \n\nThomas Calvin Scruggs was born at Sacramento City, California, \nOctober 30, 1852. He is the son of John Calvin and Juliet (Sexton) \nScruggs. His father was a prominent stock dealer of Sacramento, \nCalifornia. He bought his stock in Missouri and the territories and \ndrove across the plains. He had also invested considerable capital in \nreal estate at Sacramento, and was largely interested in mining. He \ndied at sea, three days out from shore, but was brought to the city of \nNew Orleans for interment. His body was afterwards removed to \nIndependence, Missouri, and deposited in the cemetery. Young \nScruggs came with his mother to Kansas City in 1854, where he was \neducated at the high school, afterwards learning the carpenter\'s trade \nunder John M. Jackson, a prominent builder of that city, serving an \napprenticeship of five years. Before entering upon his apprenticeship, \nhowever, he travelled the river for several years as a newsboy. After \nquitting Mr. Robinson, he visited many parts of the country, working \nat his trade from time to time to defray expenses. He landed at Colum- \nbia in the autumn of 1873, and has remained here ever since, having \nbeen actively engaged as a contractor and builder since becoming a citi- \nzen of the place. He was married November 13, 1873, to Miss Sallie, \ndaughter of Charles E. and Mary (McDaniel) Sexton. They have \none son and one daughter, John C. and Lillie. Mrs. Scruggs is a \nmember of the Methodist church. Mrs. Juliet Strong, the mother of \nMr. Scruggs, was first married, May 25, 1848, to John C. Scruggs. \nShe was married to William A. Strong, December 27, 1855, in Kansas \nCity, Missouri. He was born and educated in North Carolina. Dur- \ning the summer previous to his%iarriage he established the Kansas \nCity Enterprise, now known as the Journal. He had control of this \npaper for about two years, Mr. Strong afterwards came to Boone \ncounty, where he resided for nine years. He returned to Kansas \nCity, where he died in 1869. He was a brilliant writer and an able \nspeaker. \n\nCHARLES C. SHERWOOD. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Morgan and Harriet \n(Brewster) Sherwood, daughter of Hon. Jonah Brewster, of Pennsyl- \n\n\n\n952 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nvania, which State he represented in the United States Senate for nine \nyears. The subject of this sketch was born at Wellsboro, Tioga \ncounty, Pennsylvania, April 15, 1839, and was educated at Oxford \nCollege, New York, where he graduated in 1856. He then went to \nFon du Lac, Wisconsin, where he engaged in the mercantile business, \nremaining there two years, when he went to New Orleans, and for the \nnext two or three years succeeding was first clerk- of several river \nsteamers, remaining in this business until the beginning of the war. \nIn 1861 he enlisted in Company A, Second Wisconsin cavalrj^ and \nwas engaged as secretary to Gen. C. C. Washburne, and subsequently \nbecame a member of his staff. He served as aide de camp until 1862, \nwhen he resigned in order to accept a position in the revenue depart- \nment, where he remained for one year. He was next engaged as chief \nclerk in the United States engineer department, his duties pertaining \nto fortifications. Remained in this position until 1865, when he re- \nsigned to accept the appointment of general passenger agent of the \nAtlantic and Mississippi Steamship Company, with headquarters at \nNew Orleans, Was with this company two years. In 1868 was ap- \npointed western travelling agent for Grand Trunk railroad in \nCanada, Vermont Central railroad and Royal Mail line of steamers. \nHeld this position until 1872, when he went to Chicago and was en- \ngaged as commercial editor of the Chicago Commercial Advertiser \nfor two years ; then went on the road for John H. Catherwood & Co., \na tea firm of Philadelphia. Was with this establishment until 1876. \nAfterwards he removed to Chicago and was engaged to travel \nfor Grannis & Farwell, wholesale grocers, remaining with this firm \nsome time, when he came to Columbia, Missouri, and opened a milli- \nnery store on a larger and more attractive scale than had ever before \nbeen seen in the place. He has the largest retail millinery establish- \nment in Missouri. Mr. Sherwood was married, August 1, 1876, ta \nMiss Minnie G., daughter of T. T. and Elizabeth (Wright) Shoot- \nman, of Mexico, Missouri. They have one son, John Morgan. Mr. \nand Mrs. Sherwood are both members of the Christian Church. \n\nCLINTON B. SEBASTIAN. \n\nC. B. Sebastian is the son of Alexander H. and Tabitha A. \n(Jacobs) Sebastian, and was born at Cloverport, Breckinridge county, \nKentucky, March 24, 1852. His father moved to Boone county, Mis- \nsouri, in 1854, and settled on Two-mile prairie, six miles east of \nColumbia on the St. Charles road, where he lived until his death in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 953 \n\n1876. His wife died the same year, and both are buried at the old \nCedar Creek Church. They were consistent members of the Metho- \ndist Church. Clinton B. was educated at the State University, and \ngraduated in law in the class of 1876, having laid the foundation for \nhis profession of the law in the office of John Overall, now of St. \nLouis. Since graduating he has practiced his profession in Columbia, \nbuilding up a reputable and lucrative practice. On the 29th of \nAugust, 1882, he received the nomination at the hands of the Demo- \ncratic party, for the office of prosecuting attorney of Boone, beating \nthe present incumbent, J. DeW. Robinson, five hundred and three \nvotes at the primary election. The county\'s interests will be safe in \nthe hands of Mr. Sebastian, and criminals may expect vigorous, able \nprosecution at his hands. He is a young gentleman of sterling integ- \nrity, and one whom Boone county delights to honor. He is an exem- \nplary member of the Methodist Church, also a member of the Odd \nFellows Lodge at Columbia. He is the State president of the Phi \nDelta Theta society, a Greek letter college fraternity. \n\nROBERT HUDSON SMITH. \n\nFew business men have occupied so prominent a position before the \npeople of Boone county as the subject of this sketch, and none, per- \nhaps, have a firmer hold upon the confidence of the public. He is \nthe son of William and Elizabeth (Cress) Smith, originally of Millers- \nburg, Bourbon county, Kentucky, where he was born May 17, 1821. \nHe came with his parents to Callaway county, Missouri, in the spring \nof 1826, and settled near Millersburg. They resided in Callaway \ncounty until the fall of 1844, when they came to Boone and settled \nthree miles north of Columbia, at what was known as Hannah\'s Mill,, \non Hinkson . creek, where they remained until 1848, when Mr. \nSmith went to Santa Fe, taking with him a saw-mill, the first ever \nerected in that country. He remained there until 1850, when he \ncame back to Boone i3ounty and located two miles south of Columbia, \ntaking charge of the Reuben Black grist and saw mill, which he \nchanged from a water-power to steam. He remained with this mill \nuntil 1855, when he went to the John Keene farm, three miles east of \nColumbia, on the Mexico road, where he built a steam mill which he \noperated until 1862, when he came to Columbia and bought the mill \nthen under construction, paying the proprietor, Gaines C. Raney, \n$10,000 for the property, which he completed, adding from time ta \ntime such new machinery as the increase of business demanded. He \n\n\n\n\'954 HisTOKY or boone county. \n\nsold the property in 1871 for $18,000, to Couley, Anderson & Guitar. \nThe mill is now valued at $60,000. In the fall of 1871 Mr. Smith \nwent to Rocheport, Missouri, and bought the old Stailey mill, which \nwas blown up a few months later, killing A. J. Norris, the enghieer, \nand badly injuring a man named Roberts. He at once rebuilt the \nmill, putting in new machinery and sparing no expense in his efforts \nto repair the loss. In less than a year the new mill was in ashes. \nThe cause of the fire was never known. Mr. Smith was, for the time \nbeing, financially ruined. He came to Columbia without a cent. \nThe people, appreciating his active, earnest labors in the past, and \nfeeling a generous sympathy for his losses, elected him collector of \nBoone county, which position he held for two years, at the same time \nconducting a livery stable and stock business at Columbia, which he \ncontinued to follow for four years after his term of office expired. \nHe then bought a third interest in the Columbia mills, for which he \npaid $9,000. He remained with this firm for one year and a half, when \nhe sold his interest to Anderson, Hubbard & Co. He now turned his \nentire attention to trading in stock and real estate, which he followed \nuntil April, 1882,. when he became one of the proprietors of the \nFarmer\'s mill, Columbia, Missouri, saw and grist combined, situated \nin the northwestern part of town. Mr. Smith was married. May 25, \n1843, to Martha A., daughter of Thomas and Patsey McCutchen. \nMrs. Smith died in less than one year after their marriage. She was \nburied in the old Hinkson Creek church-yard. He was married to \nhis second wife, Caroline, daughter of John and Mary (Williams) \nCave, of Scott county, Kentucky, July 17, 1850. By this marriage \nthey had two sons and one daughter, Andrew F., Thomas C. and \nMary E., all of whom are dead. They were buried at the Colunibia \ncemetery. Mr. Smith is still in vigorous health, and is as active and \nenterprising as when he first commenced his business career, years \nago. In addition to the mill already mentioned, Mr. Smith owns a \nnice residence in Columbia, and a half interest in a farm of four hun- \ndred and forty-four acres, one-half mile north of Stephens\' Store, \nCallaway county, Missouri. It is hardly proper to close this biographi- \ncal sketch without making brief mention of the parents of Mr. R. H. \nSmith. His father, William Smith, was born September 11, 1787, \nand died July 17, 1860, at the age of seventy-two. He is buried in \nthe Bonne Femme church-yard. His wife, Elizabeth, was born May \n25, 1793, and is still living, having reached her ninetieth year. She \nis living with her son, G. W. Smith, in Callaway county. William \n\n\n\n\nHON. JAMES L. STEPHENS. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 955 \n\nSmith, brother of Robert, has six living children, five sons and one \ndaughter. One son, William H., was killed in the Confederate army. \nMr. and Mrs. Robert Smith are members of the Baptist Church, \n^nd have been since 1850. He is also a member of the Masonic \norder. \n\nHON. JAMES L. STEPHENS. \n\nJames L. Stephens was born in Girard county, Kentucky, Novem- \nber 17, 1815, and removed with his father (Elijah Stephens) in the \nfall of 1819, from Kentucky to Boone county, Missouri. After re- \nmaining on the farm with his father, and receiving such an education \nas the schools of the country at that day afforded, he, in the spring \nof 1836, entered the dry goods store of Parker & Barr, of Columbia, \nas clerk, and has continually resided in Columbia ever since, except \none year in New York City ; two years in Greensburg, Indiana, and \none year each in Mexico and Fulton, Missouri. In 1843 he engaged \nin a large business on his own account, conducting three dry goods \n\xe2\x96\xa0stores in three county seats, one in Mexico, one in Fulton, and one in \nColumbia. He inaugurated the first successful cash system in busi- \nness in Central Missouri ; and while largely engaged in merchandising, \nhe also conducted a model farm, and for more than twenty years, \nbought and sold annually from 300 to 500 head of mules. Few, if \nany, individuals have ever transacted more business in Boone county, \nand none in his section have more generously contributed in means or \nlabor to build up and establish public improvements, scarcely a public \nenterprise of his town or county for the past twenty years failing to \nreceive his cordial and hearty cooperation ; and at least one-halt of \nall he has earned through an extended and successful business career, \nhas been given to aid in building roads, churches, schools, etc. He \nnot only endowed Stephens College with $20,000, but advanced $6,000 \nbesides to relieve the institution of a mortgage that had been placed \non it under its former organization, and to aid in erecting its build- \nings. At one time, he undertook the work of raising $50,000 endow- \nment for it, and succeeded in securing pledges for half that sum, \nwhich failed, however, in consequence of the entire sum not being \nsubscribed at the time the school was changed from a local institution to \none which received a patronage throughout the State. At another \ntime he raised on a general subscription from citizens of Boone county \n$7,000 or $8,000 towards enlarging and improving the college prop- \nerty, which, with other kind offices in the interest of the institution, \ncaused the General Baptist Association (whose property it is), at its \n\n\n\n956 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsession in St. Louis in the fall of 1870, to confer his name upon it. \nIn 1860, Mr. Stephens was the regular nominee of the Democratic \nparty for State Senator and made the race to the satisfaction of his friends \nagainst ex-Gov. Chas.- Hardin, receiving the full strength of the party, \nwhich was then a decide/1 minority, causing his defeat by some 500 \nvotes. Twenty years after, in 1880, he was again nominated by the \nDemocrats of the Ninth senatorial district, composed of the counties of \nAudrain, Boone and Callaway, and elected by an overwhelming ma- \nlority against the combined ticket of Kepublicans and Greenbackers. \nMr. Stephens not only circulated the petition which obtained the \nlargest number of names in aid of the railroad and the rock roads, \nwhich are of such incalculable value to Boone county, but his was the \nlargest individual subscription in aid of those enterprises, \xe2\x80\x94 amount- \ning to $2,600. At the same time he was one of the heaviest tax- \npayers in the county. \n\nEDWIN W. STEPHENS. \n\nEdwin W. Stephens, editor and proprietor of the Columbia Herald^ \nwas born in Columbia, Missouri, January 21, 1849. He is the only \nson of Hon. James L. and Amelia (Hockaday) Stephens. A sketch \nof his father\'s life may be found elsewhere in this volume. Mr. \nStephens, the subject of this biography, was reared and educated in \nColumbia, graduating at the State University in 1867. Soon after \ncompleting his studies at the University, he entered Jones\' Commer- \ncial College, St. Louis, Missouri, where he completed his collegiate \ncourse, adding to his literary attainments a thorough business educa- \ntion. Returning to Columbia he entered the newspaper business, \npurchasing in 1870, a half interest in the Boone County Journal. In \n\n1871, the year following, he changed the name of the paper to the \nColumbia Herald, which name the paper has borne ever since. In \n\n1872, he became sole proprietor of the Herald, which he enlarged and \ngreatly improved, making it one of the largest and most popular \ncountry newspapers in the State. Mr. Stephens was married Septem- \nber 26, 1871, to Miss Laura Moss, daughter of Col. James H. Moss, \nof Columbia, and grand-daughter of Judge Warren Woodson. Mr. \nStephens has been a curator of the State University, and is at present \na curator of Stephens College. He is an official member of the Bap- \ntist Church. Although young in years, comparatively speaking, few \nmen of the State have accomplished more in the same length of time. \nThe Herald, which he has mainly built up, affords splendid evidence \nof his energy, ability and good management. To say that-jtis one of \n\n\n\nHIS.TORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 957 \n\nthe most powerful and influential institutions in Boone county is no \nflattery of Mr. Stephens, whose labors to that end are not only known \nbut appreciated by his numerous patrons. Devoted to his profession, \nearnest in his efforts to promote the welfare of the people of Boone \ncounty, consistent and true to his principles, he has earned and re- \nceived the active support of the people regardless of politics or opin- \nion. Witli a bright future before him and a past history of which he \nmay well feel proud, he can rest assured of the kind support of a gen- \nerous and appreciative public. \n\nJAMES F. STEWART. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Samuel and Emeline (Hol- \nman) Stewart. He was born in Lawrence county, Ohio, October 18, \n1844, and came to Pike county, Missouri, in 1850, and to Boone \ncounty in 1854, where he was principally educated at the public \nschools. In April, 1863, he enlisted in the Federal army, joining \nCompany B, Ninth regiment Missouri militia, under Gen. Guitar. \nHis company was commanded by Capt. Adams. August 4, 1864, \nhe reenlisted in the Thirteenth cavalry, Missouri volunteers, \nfor three years; but was mustered out January 3, 1866. While \na soldier he participated in the battles of Price\'s raid. His com- \nmand met Price at Pilot Knob and pursued him to Fort Scott, \nwhere the subject of this sketch was placed in charge of Con- \nfederate prisoners. Next went to Waynesville, Missouri, and from \nthere to Colorado, where the Indians had been giving trouble. Re- \nturned to Fort Leavenworth and were ordered thence to St. Louis \nwhere they were mustered out of service. Mr. Stewart came home \nand learned the carpenter\'s trade, serving an apprenticeship of three \nyears under Runkle & McAlister. After finishing his trade, he went \nto work as a builder and contractor with Tansey & Matheney, who built \nthe Methodist church and the brewery buildings. Was with this firm \nfor about one year, then formed a partnership with George McDaniel. \nThey worked together for three years. From 1873 to 1877 he was \nalone in the business. He next formed a partnership with John Crist, \nunder the firm name of Stewart & Crist. They now employ six or \neight hands and do a large per cent, of the contracting and building in \nColumbia and surrounding country. Mr. Stewart was married \nDecember 29, 1868, to Miss Martha Jane, daughter of Miles Bald- \nridge. Two children were born of this marriage, James E. and Mary \nL. The first wife died October 10, 1872, and is buried at New -Hope \n\n\n\n958 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nchurch, Audram county, Missouri. July 30, 1874, he was married\' \nto his second wife, Miss Mattie F., daughter of John A. Reed. By \nthis marriage they had three children : Lawrence F. (deceased), Eva \nand Onie. Mr. and Mrs. Stewart are members of the Methodist \nchurch. He is a member of the order of Knights of Pythias. Mr. \nStewart\'s father was a native of Pennsylvania, and died in Boone^ \ncounty, Missouri, January 19, 1877, aged fifty-five. He is buried on \nthe old home place. His mother is living on the old homestead, five \nmiles west of Columbia, on the Rocheport gravel road. There were \neleven children in the family, James F. being the oldest. Five of the \nchildren are living. Mr. Stewart has worked at his trade almost \nwithout intermission since returning from the war. He was superin- \ntendent of plank roads while a citizen of Pike and Moniteau, and has \nheld the same position in Boone. \n\nBENJAMIN F. STEWART. \n\nBenjamin F. Stewart is the son of Charles and Elizabeth (Lincoln) \nStewart. He was born in the State of Ohio, November 10th, 1845,^ \nandjcame to Boone county, Missouri, in the autumn of 1855. He grew \nto manhood and was principally educated in this county. He was \nmarried, March 26th, 1868, to Miss Sarah M., daughter of William \nand Martha (Williams) Milhollin. They have five children, three \nsons and two daughters : Charles W., Thomas B., Mary A., James A, \nand Linda L. Mr. Stewart learned the carpenter\'s trade with Ruckel \n& McAlister in 1866. Worked at his trade in Columbia until 1875 \nwhen he went to St. Louis, Missouri, where he stayed for one year. \nCame back to Boone county and worked two years in partnership with \nhis brother, J. L. Stewart, in the saw-milling business at Ashland. In \n1879 he went to Idaho Springs, Colorado, but did not remain long. \nCame back to Ashland and commenced contracting and building, \nremaining there until the summer of 1881 when he returned to Colum- \nbia and entered in partnership with Alonzo Duncan as contractors and \nbuilders. In 1864 he enlisted as a private in the Federal army, join- \ning Company A, Second Missouri cavalry, under Col. Lewis A. Mer- \nrill. Was in the army thirteen months. He is a member of the K. \nof P. and the Odd Fellow orders. Charles Stewart, the father of \nBenjamin, was born in Pennsylvania in 1819 and moved to Ohio about \nthe year 1842, and from there to Pike county, Missouri, in 1850. He \nreturned to Ohio soon after, and finally came to Boone county, Mis- \nsouri, where he died in 1871. Mrs. Stewart is still living at the age \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 959\' \n\nof sixty-three years. They had eleven children, six sons and five \ndaughters. Eig-ht of the children are now livino^. Mr. Stewart \nis a superior workman, and, as a contractor and builder, has won the \nconfidence and patronage of the public. He has all the work he can \ndo and of the better class of carpenter\'s work. \n\nJ. W. STONE. \n\nJosiah Wilson Stone, a son of Col. Caleb S. Stone, so frequently \nmentioned in these pages, is a native of Boone county, born in Colum- \nbia. He was educated in the common schools. In early life he \nengaged in merchandising, and afterward "learned" the Missouri \nriver and ran as pilot thereon for many years. On the breaking out of \nthe war he took service for a short time on the Southern side. He was \nin the fight at Mt. Zion church, in this county, in December, 1861, but \nescaped in safety. Soon after he went back to the river and ran as \npilot until the war was over. In 1873 he returned to Boone county, \nand has here resided ever since. In 1878 he was elected sheriff of the \ncounty and reelected in 1880. \n\nIn 1859 Mr. Stone was married at St. Charles, Mo., to Miss Elvira \nDozier, a daughter of Capt. Dozier, of St. Louis, now of the firm of \nDozier, Weyl & Co. Mr. and Mrs. Stone are the parents of two \nchildren. Mr. Stone is a member of the Christian church, and \nbelongs to the Masonic order and to the Odd Fellows. Boone county \nnever had a more faithful ofiicial or a better citizen than Josiah W , \nStone. At the Democratic primaries, , in August, 1882, Mr. Stone \nwas nominated as the candidate for circuit clerk, after a long, arduous \nand closely contested canvass against such a strong competitor as W\xc2\xbb \nW. Garth, Esq. \n\nGEORGE CLINTON SWALLOW, M. D., LL. D. \n\nThe worthy subject of this sketch, who has served Missouri so long \nand faithfully in a scientific capacity, was born in Biickfield, Oxford \ncounty, Maine, in 1817, and is a descendant of a Norman-French \nfamily named Sevallieu, whose chief marched with William the Nor- \nman into England. One branch emio-rated from France to New \nOrleans, while another came from England to New England, Prof. \nSwallow being a scion of the latter family. Early in life young George \ntook a deep interest in the mysterious science of geology. He entered \nBowdoin College, from which he graduated in 1843, with high honors \nand was immediately chosen lecturer in his alma mater on the subject \n\n\n\n960 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nijf botany. In 1848 he established an agricultural college at Hamp- \nden, Maine, having obtained aid from the State for that purpose. He \nwas elected professor of chemistry and geology in the Missouri Uni- \nversity in 1850, and 1853 was appointed the first State geologist \nMissouri ever had. His first official report was published in 1855. \nHe first determined, located and mapped out the boundaries of the \ngeological formations of Missouri, and their mineral contents, as pub- \nlished in his reports and Campbell! s Atlas of Missouri, which reports \nhave been followed by later investigators in working out the minor \ndetails of our State\'s geology. During the war-time the business of the \nState University and the geological survey were so much broken up \nthat, in 1865, Prof. Swallow accepted an appointment as State geolo- \ngist of Kansas, and continued in that work two years. He had pre- \nviously, in 1858, discovered and determined rocks in Kansas belonging \nto the Permian group of geological series. This was the first time \nthat rocks of this age were shown to exist in America ; and this dis- \ncovery by Prof. Swallow, together with his reports on the geology of \nMissouri and Kansas, and papers read before the American Association, \ngave him a high rank and honorable recognition among the learned \nsocieties and savans of America and Europe. \n\nIn 1870 the University of Missouri was enlarged, reconstructed and \nreorganized on the true university plan \xe2\x80\x94 with coordinate schools or \ncolleges of literature, science, art, law, medicine, mines and agricul- \nture. Dr. Swallow was appointed to the chair of natural history and \nagriculture and made dean of the agricultural college. \n\nIn June, 1882, Prof. Swallow was removed from his chair in the \nUniversity as he claims for his persistent efforts to preserve the agri- \ncultural college and its funds in their integrity, and on charges which \nhe was not permitted to hear and rebut, and many of which are proved \nto be false by the official records of the University, the agricultural \ncollege and the State Board of Agriculture. [See history of Univer- \nsity prepared by Col. Switzler.] For -nearly thirty years past he has \nbeen a working and leading member of the agricultural and horticul- \ntural societies of the State, their very existence having grown out of \nhis urgent and eloquent advocacy of such organizations as early as \n1852. He has also been an active member of the " American Associa- \ntion for the Advancement of Science," and has taken an honored and \nleading part in many of its profoundest discussions. He has always \nbeen a staunch opponent of" Darwinism," or the materialistic phase \nof the doctrine of evolution. His most persistent and useful work is. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 961 \n\n|3erhaps, his study and classification of Missouri soils as shown by his \nnumerous publications on their chemical and physical properties, and \nthe best modes of culture for the staple crops of the Mississippi valley. \n\nFRANK THOMAS. \n\nMr. Thomas is the son of Christopher and Jemima K. (Detrow) \nThomas, and was born July 1, 1836, in Frederick county, Maryland. \nHe was educated in his native county, and at the age of eighteen he \ncame to Palmyra, Missouri, and there learned the carpenter\'s trade. \nIn 1855 he went to Keokuk, Iowa, and in 185^6 learned the ambrotype \npicture business, serving an eighteen months\' apprenticeship. In \nMay, 1857, he came to Columbia and worked in the picture gallery of \nJ. T. Eedmond, and continued in his employ until July 1, 1857, \nwhen he, in partnership with E. L. Wright, went into the business \nfor themselves. They continued the business for about eight months, \nwhen he sold his interest in the gallery to a man named Bishop, and \nworked for the tirm about three months. He then returned to Pal- \nmyra and worked at his old trade, that of carpentering. In 1868 he \nleft Palmyra and went to Jefferson City and ran a picture gallery for \nW. H. Douglass until 1859, when he returned to Columbia and went \ninto the picture business for himself until 1861. He next resumed \nwork at carpentering until 1862, when he took his gallery to Syracuse, \nwhere there were several regiments of soldiers, and went Avith them to \nJefferson City, Liberty and St. Louis. In 1864 he returned to Colum- \nbia and was drafted into the Federal army, Sixth regiment, company \nH, Missouri volunteers, w^here he served ten months and was dis- \ncharged in August, 1865. He then came back to Columbia and \nworked for E. E. Childers in 1866. In 1867 he worked for A. R. \nButts. Butts sold out to R. J. Booth, and Mr. Thomas ran the o-al- \nlery for him for two years. In 1872 he bought out Mr. Booth and \nhas continued the business ever since. He was a member of the Na- \ntional Photographic Association of the United States until it col- \nlapsed ni 1876. He is now a member of the Photographic Associa- \ntion of America, organized in 1880, and was one of its first mem- \nbers. He attends all conventions of the profession, and keeps pace \nwith all improvements in the art. He was married September 14, \n1858, to Miss Louisa F., daughter of Andrew Lukeus, of Philadel- \nphia, Pa. They have had nine children, five boys and four girls, but \nthree of whom are now living. He and his wife are members of \n61 \n\n\n\n962 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe Episcopal church, and he is a member of the Odd Fellows, Knights \nof Pythias, and Ancient Order of United Workmen Societies. \n\nPROF. S. M. TRACY. \n\n\' Samuel Mills Tracy was born in Windsor county, Vermont, April \n30, 1847, In 1853 removed with his father to Bloomington, Wiscon- \nsin, where he was partly educated. Graduated at Michigan Agricul- \ntural College in 1868. After completing his studies, followed horti- \nculture, and was editorially connected with Cohnan\'s Rural World, \nSt. Louis, Missouri ; was also editor of the Practical Farmer, Philadel- \nphia. In the spring of 1877 was appointed assistant professor of \nagriculture in the Missouri State University. January, 1881, was \nmade professor of botany and entomology, also superintendent of \nthe agricultural department. Was honored with the degree of M. S. \nby the University of Michigan in 1876. Prof. Tracy was married in \n1874 to Miss Martha A. Terry, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. They \nhave three children. Mr. and Mrs. Tracy are members of the Pres- \nbyterian church. The professor is also a member of the Knights of \nHonor. During the war he served in the Forty-first Wisconsin . in- \nfantry. \n\nG. W. TRIMBLE. \n\nGeorge W. Trimble was born in Randolph county, Missouri, July \n21, 1839. His father was Maj. Eobert Trimble, of Kentucky; his \nmother, Elizabeth (Young) Trimble, also of Kentucky. The subject \nof this sketch was raised on a farm near Fort Henry, and educated at \nthe common schools of the country. At the age of sixteen he came to \nColumbia, Missouri, and entered the store of J. Kirkbride as a sales- \nman. He clerked for his employer until 1860, when he became a \nmember of the firm. He was married, November 12, 1867, to Miss \nMartha, daughter of Dr. W. H. Duncan, an old citizen of Columbia. \nThey have two living children, Susie and Margaret. Mr. and Mrs. \nTrimble are members of the Baptist church. He is also a member \nof the I. O. G. T. He has been a member of the city council. In 1880 \ncame within thirty-three votes of being elected county treasurer in a \nvote of 3,000. John M. Samuel was his competitor. Mr. Trimble \nis now a member of the firm of Trimble, Fyfer & Co. He has a \npleasant home, made with his own hands. He is an active, energetic \nman. In addition to his own private business he has acted as admin- \nistrator for a number of estates, besides transacting other public \nbusiness of a similar nature. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 963 \n\nHON. SQUIRE TURNER. \n\nHon. Squire Turner, one of the ablest lawyers of Central Missouri, \nwas born in Boone county, Missouri, December 10, 1836. He is the \nson of A. W. and Matilda (Stone) Turner, natives of Madison county, \nKentucky. The elder Turner was born in Richmond, Kentucky, Sep- \ntember 18, 1801. In early manhood he studied law under his brother, \nHon. Squire Turner, member of Congress, and one of the ablest law- \nyers of Kentucky. It is worthy of mention that Mr. Justice Miller, \nof the United States Supreme Court; Hon. William H. Hatch, mem- \nber of Congress from Missouri ; Hon. Thomas Turner, member of Con- \ngress from Kentucky ; ex-Governor McCreery, of Kentucky ; John B. \nGordon, late of Boone county, Missouri, besides many other lawyers \nof eminence, read law out of the same books, in the same office, and \nunder the same distinguished jurist. Mr. Turner practiced with his \nbrother for a few years. After his admission to the bar he was mar- \nried to Matilda R,., daughter of William Stone, Sr., of Kentucky. In \nthe fall of 1831, when in his thirtieth year, he emigrated to Boone \ncounty, Missouri, and at once entered upon the duties of his profession \nat the Columbia bar. As a commercial and probate lawyer he never \nhad a superior at the Columbia bar. For a long time he acted as pub- \nlic administrator of Boone county, settling up during the time very \nlarge and complicated estates. As a member of the lower house of \nthe State Legislature, he, assisted by Henry S. Geyer and \nex-Governor Gamble, may be said to have framed the adminis- \ntration law of Missouri. Mr. Turner was a Whig in politics until the \ndissolution of that party, after which he co-operated with the Democ- \nracy. In 1836 he was elected to the lower house of the Legislature, \nwith John B. Gordon, Thomas C. Maupin and Michael Woods. In \n1838 Mr. Turner was elected to the State Senate, in conjunction with \nThomas C. Maupin, Boone county then being entitled to two senators. \nAt the same election James S. Rollins, David M. Hickman, John B.. \nGordon and Alexander Persinger were elected to the lower house. It \nwas during the ensuing session of the Legislature, 1838-39, that the \nact providing for the location of the State University was passed, under \nthe provisions of which Boone county secured that institution*. The \nbill was bitterly opposed in the Senate, and but for the labors and influ- \nence and arguments of Senator Turner, the bill would not have passed \nthat body. The bill organizing and locating the University was the \njoint work of Mr. Turner and Hon. James S. Rollins. The original \n\n\n\n^64: HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbill was first oiFered in the Senate by Mr. Turner. In the struggle to \nsecure the location in Boone, Mr. Turner proved a tower of strength ; \nhe assisted in canvassing the county for subscriptions, and subscribed \nand paid out of his own funds |1,500. After serving two years in the \nSenate, Mr. Turner resigned his seat in 1840, on account of sickness \nin his family. After retiring from the bar, he devoted the remainder \nof his life to agricultural pursuits and to raising thoroughbred stock. \nHe died in Boone county, March 4, 1874, leaving a widow and three \nchildren \xe2\x80\x94 the subject of this sketch, William Turner and Mrs. J. Rob- \nert Garth. Mr. Turner was an active, enterprising business man, \nacquiring by his own industry and good management a large landed \nand slave estate ; his farm on the Two-mile prairie consisted of 3,000 \nacres ; this farm was divided equally among his three children. Hon. \nSquire Turner, the subject of this sketch, was reared and educated in \nBoone county, graduating from the State University, July 4, 1855. \nAfter completing his literary studies he entered the law office of his \nuncle, Squire Turner, Sr., at Richmond, Kentucky ; he was admitted \nto the bar at Frankfort on examination by Chief Justice Simpson, \nFebruary, 1858 ; he practiced law with his uncle until 1860 ; he was \nmarried October 16, 1860, in Madison county, Kentucky, to Miss \nStone, soon after which he moved to Columbia, Missouri, where he \ncommenced the practice of law, but was interrupted by the war, which \nclosed the courts and put an end to business in his line. In 1862 Mr. \nTurner, in company with quite a number of the most prominent citi- \nzens of Boone county, was banished. He went toVincennes, Indiana, \nwhere he practiced his profession in partnership with Hon. William E. \nNiblack, for many years a member of Congress, and at present chief \njustice of Indiana. In 1864 Mr. Turner was permitted to return, and \nhas resided in Boone county and practiced at the Columbia bar ever \nsince. In 1872 he was elected to the lower house of the Missouri Leg- \nislature, after a long and hotly contested campaign with Col. E. C. \nMore. While a member of the Legislature he was made chairman of \nthe committee on criminal jurisprudence and of the committee on \nthe State University ; he was also a member of the judiciary commit- \ntee. .He redeemed his pledge made to the people during the canvass, \nthat if elected he would use his best endeavors to secure the passage \nof a bill calling for a constitutional convention to relieve the people of \ncertain odious restrictions riveted upon them during the war, when only \nRadicals were allowed to vote. The measure failed in the first regular \nsession, but with untiring energy he succeeded in getting the bill \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 965 \n\nthrough the adjourned session. It was during this struggle that Mr. \nTurner delivered his great speech on the " infamous Drake constitu- \ntion," spoken of by several of the metropolitan journals as one of the \nablest efforts ever delivered in the Missouri Legislature. It Was widely \npublished, and raised a torrent of indignation against the old consti- \ntution. This speech placed Mr. Turner in the very front rank of de- \nbaters \xe2\x80\x94 a position he holds to-day. The bill calling for a new con- \nstitutional convention was drawn up in the committee of which he was \nchairman. In addition to other beneficial results of the new constitu- \ntion may be mentioned one provision in particular, which puts a limit \nto the power of county courts in appropriating the funds of a county \ntowards furthering railroad jobs and enterprises. He is also the author \nof the bill, passed and entered as a statute, making seduction a felony, \nand the crime of rape punishable with death, at the discretion of the \njury. In politics, Mr. Turner has always been a Democrat of the most \nrigid, strict-construction school. His course, both as a citizen and \nrepresentative, has always been one of undeviating consistency. He \nengaged in the canvass for Hancock and English in 1880, and made a \nnumber of speeches in 1878. He refused to vote for Greeley and \nBrown in 1872, although a candidate for the Legislature at the time, \nand well aware of the fact that this opposition would, for the time \nbeing, prove prejudicial to his canvass. He frankly told, the people \nthat he could not support Greeley and Brown, both of whom were bit- \nter, vindictive Republicans, having spent the best years of their lives \nabusing the Democratic party. Few men have the nerve and power \nto resist a popular hobby of their party while asking its support ; yet \nTurner not only did this, but was sustained in his position by men who \nvoted for Greeley and Brown, for their conscience told them that Tur- \nner was right. Unlike many others of the oldest and most wealthy \nscions of the early pioneers of Boone, Mr, Turner holds fast to his \nfamily real estate on the Two-mile fjrairie \xe2\x80\x94 the fine homestead which \nhe inherited from his father, A. W. Turner. He loves his home and \nthe people and associations of his childhood with a warmth and fervor \ntoo rarely seen in this commercial age. In 1878 Mr. Turner was a can- \ndidate for Congress, but his county being divided, he withdrew at the \nSturgeon convention to avoid a squabble, and Gen. John B. Clark, \nJr., was nominated. He was urged by friends in Boone and Howard \nto become a candidate in 1880, and again in 1882, but there being \nother aspirants in those counties, he shrank from what he feared would \nbe a disagreeable scramble for office. As a lawyer at a leading bar in \n\n\n\n^66 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nS \n\nKentucky and Missouri, Mr. Turner has always maintained an honora- \nble and lucrative position. In Boone county no leading criminal case \nis tried in which he has not been counsel \xe2\x80\x94 always for the defence. \nHe enjoys such standing now that suitors on the circuit docket do not \nrisk the chances of leaving him out when they make up their roster of \ncounsel. As a scholar, there are few better in the country. His read- \ning has by no means been confined to law, but covers the whole field \nof English literature. As a writer, he wields one of the most vigor- \nous, incisive, and logical pens. Having a thorough command of the \nlanguage, he is never at a loss while writing and speaking. His style \nis classical, but never burdened with classical allusions. He has never \nbeen a favorite among the rich, nor with corporations : his firmest and \ntruest friends are found among the middle class. He has a thorouirh \ncontempt for the cringing, truckling sort, who worship at the shrine \nof fortune. Of him it may justly be said that he never \n\n" Crooks the pregnant hinges of the knee, \nThat thrift may follow fawning." \n\nJOHN DAVID VANHORN. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Simeon J. and Eliza (White) \nVanhorn ; he was born in Boone county, Missouri, August 22, 1821 ; \nhe was educated at the public schools of Columbia, and served an ap- \nprenticeship at the carpenter\'s trade, working with his uncle, John \nYanhorn. In 1850 he went to California, where he remained one year, \nreturning to Columbia in 1851 ; he then engaged in the hotel business, \nhaving charge of the Selby House for about two years. In 1853 he \nsold out and went to work at his trade, which he followed until 1872 ; in \nthe spring of that year he engaged in the livery business, in partner- \nship with R. H. Smith. In 1874 the stable was consumed by fire, but \nthe horses, twenty-six in number, were saved. Mr. Smith remained \nin the business one year after the fire, when Mr. Vanhorn purchased \nhis interest in the stable, and has conducted the business alone ever \nsince. He was married December 1, 1850, to Miss Elizabeth J., daugh- \nter of Matthew and Prudence (Lilly) Culbert. They had eight chil- \ndren born to them \xe2\x80\x94 three sons and five daughters \xe2\x80\x94 only two of \nwhom (David and Susan) are now living. Mr. Vanhorn\' s father was \none of the earliest settlers of Howard county and spent several years \nin Head\'s Fort; he was a native of Winchester county, Virginia ; he \nis buried some three miles from where he first settled. Mrs. Vanhorn, \nmother of John David, died about twenty-three years ago and is \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 967 \n\nburied in Howard county. Mr. Vanhoni is the oldest of nine children, \nall of whom are dead but three. Joshua is living in Saline, and Ward \nin Howard. Mr. Vanhorn spent a large portion of his early life in \nthe family of his uncle, Judge John Vanhorn, an account of whose \nlife and services in connection with the early history of the county, \nappears elsewhere in this volume. He was judge of the county court \nfor twelve years. In 1850 he polled the largest vote ever cast for a \ncandidate in the history of the county. He died in 1880, in the eighty- \nfourth year of his age ; he was buried in the Columbia cemetery. \nHe was twice married, but had no children ; he was first married in \n1817, to Miss Nancy White, a native of Virginia ; she died in 1877, \nand is buried in the Columbia cemetery. John Vanhorn was appointed \njailor when the war broke out, and held the position until its close. \nHe was a Union man. \n\nABRAHAM VICTOR. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Isaac and Caroline (Lion) \nVictor, of Spiesen, Prussia, where he was born November 15, 1835. \nHe came to the United States in the spring of 1852 and settled in \nEocheport, Boone county, Missouri, engaging in the sale of dry goods \nand notions which he peddled, travelling on horseback. In 1854 he \nleft Boone county, but continued the business of peddling until 1857, \nwhen, in partnership with Simon Schiffman, he opened a store of \ngeneral merchandise at Georgeton, Missouri. He remained in this \nbusiness until 1863, when he sold out and returned to Prussia. After \na stay of fifteen months he returned to the United States in 1864, \nsettling in Columbia, Missouri, where he was employed as a salesman \nby A.. & M. Barth. In 1865 he went to Rocheport and engaged in \nthe mercantile business under the firm name of Victor, Myer & Co. \nThey failed in business in 1869 and again in 1871. They also had a \nstore in Columbia. In 1872 Mr. Victor went in business with Loeb, \nMyer & Co., Columbia, Missouri, and remained with them for two \nyears. August 1st, 1874, he bought Fred. Mayfield\'s liquor store on \nBroadway and Ninth Street. He is now running the only wholesale \nliquor store in Boone county. He is exclusive agent for the wholesale \ntrade of Anheuser\'s lager beer. He also deals largely in hides, tal- \nlow, furs, etc. In addition to the liquor and hide trade Mr. Victor is \nlargely interested in railroad ties, buying from forty to fifty thousand \nannually. He has a tobacco and cigar store on Broadway, under the \nfirm\' name of A. Victor & Co. The liquor and hide store is conducted \nunder the individual name of the proprietor. Mr. Victor was married* \n\n\n\n968 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMarch 21st, 1866, to Aurelia, daughter of Abraham Arnold. They \nhave four children, two sons and two daughters. Their names are \nBell, Minnie, Isadore and Albert. One child died in infancy. Mr. \nVictor is one of eight children, five daughters and three sons. The \nsubject of this sketch is the youngest of the family and the only one \nnow in America. Mr. Victor is a member of the Masonic order, also \nan Odd Fellow. \n\nJAMES H. WAUGH. \n\nMr. Waughis a native of Kentucky, and was born in Nicholas connty, \nDecember 26, 1832. His parents were Archer S. and Matilda G. \n(Piper) Waugh, also natives of Kentucky, the latter of whom still \nsurvives in her eightieth year, and resides near Carlisle, Kentucky. \nJames H. was reared on his father\'s farm and received his education \nin the country schools and the town of Carlisle. In October, 1854, \nat twentj^-one years of age, he came to Columbia, this county, and \nbegan clerking in the dry goods store of J. H. Parker. Subsequent \nto this he was deputy sheriff for several years, and in January, 1862, \nwas appointed sheriffby Governor Gamble, to succeed John M. Sam- \nuel, who declined to take the required oath of loyalty. In November \nfollowing, Mr. Waugh was elected to the office, and served two years. \nHe took no part in the civil war, other than acting occasionally as mili- \ntary escort to St. Louis. Associating himself, in 1865, with Mr. \nJohn M. Samuel, Mr. Waugh and he organized the Exchange National \nBank o\xc2\xa3 Columbia, with Mr. Waugh as president and Mr. Samuel as \ncashier. Besides Mr. Waugh, the directors were R. L. Todd, Gen. J. \nB. Douglass, Sanford F. Conley, John Machir, Dr. William H. Dun- \ncan and William W. Tucker. The directors were subsequently in- \ncreased to nine in number, and Mr. Waugh has been president ever \nsince the organization. He has served the city of Columbia in differ- \nent official capacities since his residence here, and is at this writing \ntown treasurer. From 1867 till 1873, he was treasurer of the Uni- \nversity board of curators. He helped organize, the Valley National \nBank of St. Louis in 187- and was a director therein till 1879. He was \nalso a director in the construction of the Boone County and Jefferson \nCity railroad, built from Centralia to Columbia. Mr. Waugh was \nmarried at Arrow Rock, Missouri, May 3, 1859, to Miss Sophia Sid- \nney Venable, daughter of Hampton Sidney Venable, deceased. They \nhave one daughter living (Mary E. wife of Chas. B. Sanders, of St. \nJoseph) and one son and one daughter deceased, each dying at the \nage of sixteen months. Mr, W. belongs to no church, but his wife \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 969 \n\nand daughter are Presbyterians. Politically, he was formerly a Whig, \nbut now votes the Democratic ticket. He has made his own business \ncapital, never having heired any patrimony. His success as a business \nman is too pronounced to need any extended comment here. \n\nDR. LEMUEL WATSON. \n\nDr. Watson belongs to a family, whose male members are or have \nbeen, to a considerable extent, prominent physicians. His grand- \nfather, Wm. Watson, was a native of London, England, and a cousin \nto Sir Thomas Watson, the eminent English physician and medical \nauthor, who was chief physician by appointment to Her Majesty the \nQueen. Sir Thomas still lives in London, at an advanced age. Wm. \nWatson came to America before the revolutionary war. He settled \nin North Carolina, on Edenton Sound, near the Chowan river. Being \na stout Whig, or "rebel," he had his property destroyed and his \nhome broken up by the British soldiers under Cornwallis\' command. \nHe removed to a plantation on the James river, in Virginia, and was \nagain burned out by King George\'s men. \n\nDr. Lemuel Watson was born in Orange county. North Carolina, \nSeptember 2d, 1824. He was educated in the common schools of his \nneighborhood and at Jackson College, Middle Tennessee. He came \nto the latter State when young, and remained until May, 1849, when \nhe removed to Missouri. His first location was in Clay county, and \nhe afterwards resided in Clinton and Buchanan counties. He came \nto Columbia in the fall of 1863. In 1874 he located in Lexington and \nremained until the spring of 1881. Then, April 1, he returned to \nColuml)ia, where he still resides. Dr. Watson, inheriting the \nfamily disposition, decided, upon reaching maturity, to become \na physician. He first began the study of medicine under his brother, \nDr. John D. Watson, of Clay county. In 1851 to 1852 he at- \ntended lectures at Pope\'s Medical College, St. Louis. After practicing \nabout seventeen years, in 1869 he attended the Jefferson Medical Col- \nlege, Philadelphia, and in 1870 received a diploma and an honorary de- \ngree \xe2\x80\x94 the best that could be obtained in that celebrated school. The \ndoctor is a believer in electricity as a therapeutic agent, and has always \nemployed it when practicable. In 1879 he added the vitalizing electro- \nthereapeutic cabinet bath as an auxiliary to his ordinary course of \ntreatment of disease. The doctor is well versed in the science of elec- \ntricity and claims for his bath (for which he is the sole agent in \nBoone county) that it is made for the use of physicians in their prac- \n\n\n\n970 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntice as an auxiliary to medicine in the treatment of both acute and \nchronic diseases, thereby increasing their armamerda medicamen- \ntorum a hundred fold, enabling them to treat cases successfully that \nhave defied the most skilful treatment with medicine alone. \nOwing to the diversity of applications that can be made with electricity \nin this bath, combined or uncombined with hot vapor and hot dry air, \nmany diseases yield readily to the bath treatment alone, yet a judi- \ncious system of medication is approved in conjunction with the bath. \nAs to the eifect of the bath Dr. Watson maintains that in diseased con- \nditions of the body it cleanses the skin and opens the pores ; equalizes \nthe circulation and relieves congestion ; preserves health and prevents \ndisease, purifies the blood by removing the impurities which accumu- \nlate in the fluids and tissues of the body ; imparts vigor to the system \nand strength to the mind ; removes morbid sensations and strengthens \nthe nerves. If you are tired and worn, it will refresh and invigorate. \nWill establish more natural appetite, complete digestion, pure secre- \ntion, perfect assimilation, more complete nutrition. Will make you \nricher by giving you health. He has great success in the treatment \nof disease by this method. \n\nDr. Watson has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Susan \nSmith, of Ray, to whom he was married December 23d, 1853. By \nthis union there were four children, two of whom are now living, one, \nDr. Claude Watson, a rising young physician of Kansas City, and \nthe other. Miss Lulu Watson, at home with her father. Mrs. Susan \nWatson died in July, 1860, and the doctor was subsequently married \nto his present wife, who was Mrs. Anna Stone, a native of Kentucky. \nThere are no children of this marriage. The doctor and his family \nare members of the Christian church and useful and honored members \nof society. \n\nDR. B. A. WATSON. \n\nDr. Berry Allen Watson was born in Charlotte county, Virginia, \nJanuary 28th, 1834. He moved with his father to Callaway county in \n1840. He graduated at Westminster College, Fulton, in 1857, with \nthe degree of A. B. After graduating, he taught school. Was princi- \npal of Dover Academy, in Lafayette county, Missouri, until 1860. Dur- \ning the war served for a while in Capt. Jo. Shelby\'s company. From \n1863 to 1864 he attended Louisville and Bellevue Medical colleges, \ngraduating at the latter place in 1866. Located at Millersburg, Calla- \nway county, where he practiced for three years. In 1871 came to \nColumbia, where he still resides. Dr. Watson was married May 4th, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 971 \n\n1864, to Clara E. Ward, of Callaway county. They have six children, \nall living. Mrs. Watson is a member of the Baptist church. Dr. \nWatson is a Mason. He is also a member of the Boone county and \nDistrict Medical Association. \n\nJAMES STANSBURT WHARTON. \n\nJames Stansbury Wharton, assistant miller and book-keeper of the \nColumbia Milling Company, was born at Bunker\'s Springs, West Vir- \nginia, June 8th, 1856. He was educated at Frederick City, Maryland, \nattending the academy at that place for four years, graduating at the \nage of sixteen. In 1872 he commenced the milling business at a place \ncalled Sir John\'s Run, entering what was known as the Morgan Mills. \nStayed there three years. In 1876 he went to Tiffin, Seneca county, \nOhio, and took charge of the Eureka Mills, owned by the Parker \nbrothers. Stayed with this firm two years. Leaving the Parkers he \nwent to Buckeye Town, Maryland, where he entered a mill owned by \nC. S. Simmons. In 1879 he camd to Columbia, Missouri, where he \nwas engaged by Anderson, Henderson & Co., proprietors of the Colum- \nbia Mills. He is now acting as clerk and assistant miller. He is a \npractical miller and book-keeper, and a thorough business man. He \nwas married, April 21, 1881, to Miss Katie, daughter of James and \nMary Jane (Turner) Brown. \n\nWILLIAM EDMONSON WRIGHT. \n\nWilliam E. Wright, the official surveyor of Boone county, is the son \nof Peter and Jenny Wright. He w^as born near Nashville, Tennessee, \nDecember 18th, 1818. His father was born in Virginia, June 25, \n1787, and moved with his father to Tennessee in the early settling of \nthat State. He grew to manhood on the farm near Nashville, and \nwas married September 20, 1810, to Jenny Edmonson. In July, \n1818, came to Missouri and selected a home in Boone county, to \nwhich he moved with his family the following year. He settled near \nthe head of the Two-mile prairie, about nine miles northeast of Co- \nlumbia. He was appointed county surveyor in 1821, and was also one \nof the judges of the county court, and was elected to represent the \ncounty in the Legislature in 1822 and 1824. He died May 28, 1847. \nThe subject of this sketch was but eight months old when his parents \nlanded in Boone county. He was educated at the Columbia Academy \nand at Bonne Femme Academy, under the instructions of Summer- \nfield, Roche and Cunningham. Learned surveying under his father and \n\n\n\n972 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nhis uncle, George. Cannot remember when he could not give courses- \nfrom the compass. Accompanied his father and uncle on government \nsurvey\'s when but fourteen or fifteen years old and assisted them m \ntheir labors. He has followed farming and surveying since he reached \nmanhood. Was elected county surveyor in 1880. Had previously \nacted as deputy. On assuming the duties of his office, he removed \nto Columbia, where he now resides. Had previously lived in Missouri \ntownship. Mr. Wright was married, January 13, 1848, to Augusta \nC. Siedikum, of Savannah, Red River county, Texas. Mrs. Wright \nis a native of Germany. They have had seven children, three of \nwhom are living. Mr. Wright is a Democrat in politics, and has been \nall his life. He was a Union man during the war, but took no part \nin the struggle. He is a member of the Christian church and a Mas- \nter Mason. \n\nWILLIAM POPE YE AM AN. \n\nWilliam Pope Yeaman was born in Hardin county, Kentucky, May \n28, 1-832. His father, Stephen M. Yeaman, was born in Pennsylvania, \nbut while a small child emigrated, with his father, Samuel Yeaman,- \nto Ohio : but afterwards, in early manhood, sought a home in Ken- \ntucky, where he studied law and was admitted to the bar and soon \ngained for himself a responsive and remunerative practice. At the \nage of twenty-seven he married Miss Lucretia Helm, daughter of \nHon. George Helm, of Hardin county. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the third child and third son in a \nfamily of nine children, eight of whom were sons. He studied law \nin the office of his uncle. Gov. John L. Helm, at Elizabethtown,. \nKentucky, and at the age of nineteen was admitted to the bar. At \nabout the same age he was married to Miss Virginia Shackelford, of \nHardin county, Kentucky. This lady, by her many noble and ster- \nling qualities, has proven a help-meet indeed to her husband. A large \nand interesting family of children have claimed her almost undivided \nattention and afforded her a real pleasure. For nine years Mr.. \nYeaman devoted his talents and energies to the practice of law, \nand, for so young a man, he attained to remarkable eminence in his \nprofession. \n\nAt the age of twenty-seven, after a severe and prolonged struggle \nbetween ambition and a sense of duty, he yielded to his conviction of \nduty to preach the gospel, and was ordained a minister of the Baptist \nchurch. His first pastorate was at Nicholasville, Kentucky. \n\nIn 1862 Mr. Yeaman was called from this church to the pastorate \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 973 \n\nof the First Baptist church in the city of Covington, Kentucky. In \nthis pulpit he was the successor of many of the leading miuisters of \nhis denomination. \n\nIn December, 1867, he accepted a call from a prominent church in \nthe city of New York. In that city he soon took high rank among \nhis brother ministers, and the church of his charge \xe2\x80\x94 the Central \nBaptist church \xe2\x80\x94 was greatly increased in numbers and influence. \n\nIn March, 1870, he accepted a call from the Third Baptist church, \nof St. Louis, and in the following month entered upon the work of \nthis important field. In the same year the faculty and trustees of \nWilliam Jewell College conferred on him the merited honor of doctor \nof divinity. \n\nIn 1875 Dr. Yeaman was elected chancellor of William Jewell \nCollege, and two years afterwards resigned. \n\nIn October, 1876, he resigned the pastorate of the Third Baptist \nchurch of St. Louis, and gave his time and attention to the duties of \nthe chancellorship, and to the editorial management of the Oentral \nBaptist, the denominational organ in the State. \n\nIn April, 1877, he was called to the Garrison Avenue Baptist \nChurch, and in October, 1877, he retired from the editorial chair to \ngive his time more entirely to preaching. \n\nIn the same month he was chosen president of the Missouri Baptist \nGeneral Association, at an annual meeting held in the city of Lex- \nington . \n\nIn 1882 he yielded to the wishes of his many friends and became a \ncandidate for state superintendent of public schools of Missouri. \nThough he went into the convention with the strongest following, he \nwas beaten for the nomination by a combination of the adherents of \nweaker candidates. The same year Dr. Yeaman removed to Co- \nlumbia, and will make his future home in the "Athens of Missouri." \n\nDAVID H. YOUNG, M. D., \n\nWas born in Boone county, Missouri, July 3, 1856. His father, \nArchibald L. Young, was also a physician, and was a native of Jessa- \nmine county, Kentucky, born September 30, 1829. He was one of a \nfamily of seven children, six sons, and a daughter. Himself and all \nhis brothers studied medicine, and five out of six became practicing \nphysicians. Their only sister married a medical doctor, and their \nfather \xe2\x80\x94 grandfather to the subject of this sketch \xe2\x80\x94 was also an M. \n\n\n\n974 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nD. Dr. Archibald L. Young, took his first degree at the Transyl- \nvania University of Lexington, Kentucky, and the next, at the New \nYork (city) College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating from \nboth those institutions. He practiced in the city hospitals for two \nyears after his graduation before returning to Kentucky. He only \nremained a short time in his native State, when he came out to Mis- \nsouri and located for the practice at Fulton, Callaway county. Dur- \ning his residence there, he was physician of the deaf and dumb \nasylum, and assistant physicau of the lunatic asylum. His coming to \nFulton was in about 1849, and he remained till the spring of 1856, \nwhen he moved to CcJlumbia, this county, where he remained till his \ndeath, on February 23, 1869. He had married, in 1853, Miss Sarah \nHickman, daughter of Capt. D. M. Hickman, one of the early settlers \nof Boone county. Five children were born of that marriage, the sub- \nject of this sketch being the oldest. The others were named respec- \ntively, Mattie, Archibald, Cornelia and Sallie, all living except Mattie, \nwho died when only two years old. Dr. D. H. Young was educated, \nat the Kemper Institute, Boonville, Mo. and the State University, at \nColumbia." He studied medicine with Dr. A. W. McAlester, of \nColumbia, and also took the medical course of the University. He \nreceived the degree of M. D. from the Missouri Medical College, of St. \nLouis, in 1877. Ee turning to Columbia, he practiced medicine for \ntwo years, then went and took a course at Bellevue Medical College, \nof New York, from which he came back to Columbia, and resumed \nthe practice, in which he continues at this writing. \n\n\n\n/" \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 975- \n\nI \xe2\x96\xa0 \' \n\nCHAPTER XX. \n\nMISSOURI TOWNSHIP. \n\nTopography \xe2\x80\x94 "Terrapin Neck" \xe2\x80\x94 The "Pictured Rocks" \xe2\x80\x94 Caves \xe2\x80\x94 Borough\'s Cave \xe2\x80\x94 \nEarly Settlers and Settlements \xe2\x80\x94 The "Firsts" \xe2\x80\x94 Lo ! the Poor Indian \xe2\x80\x94 Killing of \nTodd and Smith by the "Noble Savages" \xe2\x80\x94 Statements of Joseph Cooper and James \nBarnes \xe2\x80\x94 Persinger\'s Account of the AiFair and of the Battle on the Bonne Ferame (?) \xe2\x80\x94 \nA Bear Hunt \xe2\x80\x94 Organization \xe2\x80\x94 Early Mills \xe2\x80\x94 Tragedies \xe2\x80\x94 In the Civil War \xe2\x80\x94 Killing \nof Sidney Denham \xe2\x80\x94 Fight between Desperadoes and a Deputy Sheriff \xe2\x80\x94 Negro Eiot \xe2\x80\x94 \nCountry Churches and Cemeteries \xe2\x80\x94 The Town of Rocheport. \xe2\x80\x94 Early History \xe2\x80\x94 Notes \nof General History \xe2\x80\x94 Cholera in Rocheport \xe2\x80\x94 During the Civil War \xe2\x80\x94 Bushwhacker \n^Raids \xe2\x80\x94 The "Buffington" Affaii\' \xe2\x80\x94 Anderson\'s Attack on the "Yellowstone" \xe2\x80\x94 Since the \nWar\xe2\x80\x94 Tobacco \xe2\x80\x94 The Riot of April, 1882 \xe2\x80\x94 Town Government \xe2\x80\x94 Public Schools- \nCemetery \xe2\x80\x94 Churches \xe2\x80\x94 Secret Societies \xe2\x80\x94 Business Interests \xe2\x80\x94 Biographical Sketches of \nOld Settlers and Prominent Citizens of Missouri Township. \n\nTOPOGRAPHY. \n\nMissouri township is divided into about three well defined natural \ndivisions: The Missouri river vallev, called "Terrapin Neck;" the \ntable lands lying between the Perche and Callaham hills on the east, \nand the Moniteau hills on the west ; river hills on the south, and a \ncontinuation of the plateau at the north which extends far into Perche \ntownship. The table lands form the largest subdivision of this town- \nship, and there is perhaps no finer land in the State of Missouri ; \ncertainly none finer than Thrall\'s prairie which forms the heart of \nthis plateau, the prairie portion of which lies in Perche township. \nThe blue grass which grows, upon this plain is equal to the best grown \nin Bourbon county, Kentucky, and furnishes ample pasturage the \nyear round for the vast herds raised in this section. The value of the \nfarms and the fertility of tlie soil has attracted to this section a class \nof farmers equal in judgment, industry and skill to the superior it}\'" \nof the soil they cultivate ; hence the agricultural interests of this \nsection of the county have been developed to a degree of excellence \nhardly to be found elsewhere in the county. As a rule, stock raising \npays better than anything else, and when the plantation is once \nstocked it requires less outlay of money to keep up the business. \nMost of the land is in blue grass. The horses, cattle and sheep raised \nin this portion of the township are nearly all thoroughbreds. Many \nof the farmers sell almost exclusively for breeding purposes. Nearer \nthe hills, where the soil is less adapted to blue grass, immense crops of \n\n\n\n976 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwheat, corn and oats are annually produced. The river hills them- \nselves are very rich and produce the finest fruit grown in the country. \nSome fine vineyards have of late years been planted and produce great \nquantities of grapes. Peaches and apples seldom fail along the high \nhills and sloping ridges near the river bank. The soil is rich enough \nto produce any of the crops grown in this climate, but washes badly \nwhen plowed. \n\n" Terrapin Neck " is a long, narrow strip of river-bottom land \nextending from a few miles below Rocheport to the mouth of the \nPerche, which flows into the Missouri river near Providence, This \nbody of land is very rich, producing fine corn and wheat. Before \nthe war large crops of hemp were raised in this section, but of late \nyears the principal crop has been corn. The corn crop never fails \nin the bottom, and the hog crop, upon an average, is equal to twice \nthe production of a like area of territory elsewhere in the township. \nThe valleys of the Moniteau, Perche, Callaham and Sugar Creek, \nand the various tributaries of those streams are little less productive \nthan the river bottom and produce a greater diversity of crops. \n\nMissouri township has a greater variety of soil, and less that is \nwholly unproductive, perhaps, than any other subdivision of the \ncounty. The Perche flows from north to south directly through the \neastern portion of the township. The valley lands along this stream \nare densely settled and the farms on either side extend almost to the \nwater\'s edge. The stream drains a large extent of territory and is \nsubject to overflows, but of late years many of the exposed planta- \ntions have been enclosed with wire and post and rail fences that are \nproof against the floods. \n\nMissouri is well supplied\' with bridges and is connected with Colum- \nbia and Rocheport by a good macadamized road. The internal \nimprovements are fully upon an average with the most favored \nsections of the county. \n\n\n\nKEMARKABLE NATURAL FEATURES. \nTHE PICTURED ROCKS. \n\nOn the Missouri river, about four miles east of Rocheport, are \nwhat are known by the local name of "the pictured rocks," called \nelsewhere "the Indian pictographs of Boone county." They consist \nof a number of drawings of a rude character, together with some sort \nof hieroglyphics, made upon the surface of a high cliff of rocks. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 977 \n\nThe " pictured rocks " are upon the land of L. Torbett, Esq., on \nwhose farm are also some eight or nine mounds. On one of these \nmounds stands the residence of Mr. Torbett. The present route to \nthe cave is eastward from the house one hundred yards or more, \nthence south through a small field, at the edge of which a short path \nleads down a steep ravine densely overgrown with trees and vines, \nfrom which the visitor soon emerges on the bank of the river. One \nhundred yards down stream is a large spring which makes its appear- \nance some thirty feet above the surface of the river. Coming out of a \ncavernous opening, it rushes in a series of tortuous leaps over moss- \ncovered rocks into the river. The volume of water discharged would \ndrive an ordinary mill. The cliff of rocks here is about one hundred \nfeet in height, the top overhanging some ten feet, protecting the lower \nsurface of the cliff, and this circumstance is one that accounts for the \npreservation of the pictures to this day. All along the face of the \ncliff, under the overhanging ledge or shelf, are the remarkable repre- \nsentations. At the height of nearly fifty feet above the spring is the \nlargest visible group. This comprises, among other pictures and \nhieroglyphs, two rudely executed drawings of human figures, perhaps \ntwenty inches in height, with arms extended ; one small human figure \nwith a staff in its hand ; numerous circles, with dots and crosses in the \ncentre ; spots within semi-circles, half resembling the human eye, etc. \nOther figures, at different places on the rocks, are those of a wild tur- \nkey ; of a man wearing a jockey cap, from which a plume or feather de- \npends ; of numerous circles ; fantastic figures, some of an arabesque \ncharacter, others plain ; of a square or cube ; of a Masonic compass \nand square, etc. \n\nAbout five feet below the most of the figures runs a narrow ledoe, \non which the artist or artists must have stood when the pictures were \nmade. The ledge is reached from points east and west, but it re- \nquires a person of some nerve to climb to it. Some of the figures, \nhowever, are fifteen feet above the ledge, and could not have been \nmade without the aid of a ladder of some sort. The drawing\'s seem \nto have been made of a paint composed of ground " keel " mixed with \nwater or grease, and applied with the fingers or a rude brush. Not \nall of the pictures can now be seen, as a great portion of the face of \nthe cliff is covered with ivy. \n\nWho the artists were that sketched these pictures, and what (if \n-anything) they represent, cannot now but be conjectured. They have \n62 \n\n\n\n978 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nexisted since the first white men told of tiiis country. The first \nprinted mention of them is made by Lewis and Clark, who saw them \nin 1804. Doubtless they are the work of the mound builders, or of \nsome other race akin to them. \n\nCoal, \xe2\x80\x94 One and a half miles northeast of Rocheport, on the lands \nnow owned by David Mead and Mrs. Woods, is a fine bed of coal. \nThe vein varies from twenty-six inches to four feet in thickness, and \nlies at a depth of from eight to thirty feet from the surface. \' Near \nthe bank, and on the same lands, is a fine mineral spring. \n\nCaves. \xe2\x80\x94 On the bank of the Missouri river, three miles southeast \nof Rocheport, is the " Sinking Creek Cave." It has been penetrated \nand explored for nearly a mile. It contains many remarkable and \ninteresting features. It abounds in beautiful stalactites and stalag- \nmites, and other natural features delightful to contemplate. The cave \nis divided into rooms or chambers, some of which are fifteen feet \nsquare. At the entrance the inner roof of the cave is about eight feet \nhigh, but farther in the interior it ranges from ten to fifteen feet. \n\nBOBOUGHS\'S CAVE. \n\nOne mile east of Midway, on the old Reuben Hatton place, is a re- \nmarkable spring, the most singular, perhaps, in the county. It \nbreaks out from under a perpendicular cliff of limestone, some twelve \nor fifteen feet high, and flows south across a small valley hemmed in \non all sides by a natural wall of limestone. At the distance of about \none hundred yards it enters the earth again, running for one-fourth of \na mile under a high ridge of table land bedded upon ledges of cavern- \nous limestone. The second time it bursts forth into light of day it \nflows into a large branch, a tributary of Boroughs\'s fork of Calla- \nham, which heads a few miles northwest of Midway. About one mile \nfrom where this stream enters the Callaham, is Boroughs\'s cave, \nwhich, next to Connor\'s, is the greatest natural curiosity in that sec- \ntion of the country. A short distance from the mouth it forks, one \nprong being destitute of water, while a large stream flows through \nthe other. This cave, in the early settling of the country, was a great \nresort for* bear, and the pioneer hunters used to lie in wait at the en- \ntrance and shoot them as they passed in and out. Some, still more \ndaring, would light a torch and boldly enter the cave. When the \nlight flashed upon the astonished animal, Bruin would rise upon his \nhaunches and gaze bewilderedly at the venturesome hunter, who seized \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 979 \n\nthe precious moment to his own advantage, and either shot the bear \nor phmged a bowie-knife, tied to the end of a pole, through the ani- \nmal\'s heart. \n\nEARLY SETTLERS AND SETTLEMENTS. \n\nThe first settlement of Boone county in earnest began in Missouri \ntownship, in the year 1816. True, prior to this date, some of the \nHoward county hunters had established temporary camps here, but \nthey could not with propriety be called settlers. Wm. Pipes lived \nin the township in 1812. It was from Head\'s Fort, in Howard \ncounty, about two and a half miles northwest of Rocheport, whence \nthe settlements in Boone county were formed. \n\nFrom Stephens\' sketch it is learned that in the spring of the year \n1816 a number of the inhabitants of Head\'s Fort located near Roclie- \nport, settling on what was afterwards known as Thrall\'s Prairie,^ \nnorth of the present site of Rocheport. This settlement was made \nby Anderson Woods, in company with the following other persons, \nviz. : Robert Barclay, John Barnes, Wm. Pipes, Absalom Hicks, John \nStephenson, Jeiferson Fiilcher, Jesse Richardson, a family of Bartons, \nand several others. The settlement grew rapidly, and soon composed \nsome among the best citizens of the county and State. \n\nAmong the pioneers settlers may be mentioned Augustus Thrall > \nOliver Parker, Anderson Woods, Dr. G. B. Wilcox, Clayton Heme, \nTyre Harris, Overton Harris, the Wilhites (Sampson, William, and \nStephen), Henry Lightfoot, James Ketchum, William Gosline, John \nSlack, Wilford Stephens, Jonathan Barton, James Cochran, Reuben \nHatton, and Charles Laughlin. The names of others ought to be \ngiven, but cannot now be learned. \n\nFor the most part the first settlers located on New Madrid claims, \nor, as they were sometimes called, "Madrid locations." These \nclaims were granted to the settlers in the New Madrid country in lieu \nof the lands occupied by them which had been destroyed or damaged \nby the great earthquakes of 1811. The most of this land in Missouri \ntownship had been entered by Taylor Berry and George Tennille, \nwho had purchased a number of certificates from the New Madrid \nsufierers. \n\nUp to 1820 the following, among others, had settled near Roche- \nport and Thrall\'s Prairie: John Gray, Gaven Head, John Berry, \nDavid and Andrew McQuitty, Samuel Beatty, Robert Dale, John \n\n\n\n1 So named for Col. Augustus Thrall. \n\n\n\n"980 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nCopher, Solomon and Zacliariali Barnett, Wm. Baxter, James Boggs, \nDavid and James Pipes, John Copeland, David Kincaid, Wm. Lientz, \nJohn G. Phillips, Michael Woods, J. K. Abernathy, Robert D. \nWalkup, Tyre Harris. \n\nEast and southeast of Rocheport, in what is known as "Terrapin \nNeck," there lived Granville Bledsoe, Daniel Lewis, James Lewis, \nWm. Lewis, Patterson Y. Russell, Jesse Lewis, Wm. Burch, John \nGraves, Ichabod C. Hensley, Thomas Williams and Richard Ful- \nkerson. \n\nEast of Rocheport and in the north central portion of the township, \nin the region around about where Midway post-office now stands, the \npioneer settlers were John Henderson, Jonathan Freeman, Benjamin \nMothershead, Chas. Laughlin, W. T: Hatton, George Crump, Wm. \nand James Y. Jones, John Ogan, Wm. Douglass, John M. Robinson, \nWyatt McGee, George Hersch, Reuben and John M. Robinson, \n\nGeorge Hersch, " the honest man," was a German, and a remark- \nable character, a cabinet maker, who lived about two miles north of \nMidway, on a small stream known as Barclay\'s Fork of the Callaham. \nHe was something of a poet himself, and, although a German, was \na great admirer of Burns and Scotch poetry, which he was fond of \nquoting on every occasion. Hersch had the weakness of his favorite \npoet\'s noted character, Tam O\'Shanter, and would get " unco\'- f u \' " \nquite frequently. On one. occasion of this sort some wags waylaid \nhim after night and sought to make him believe that Old Nick was \nupon him. Nothing frightened, Hersch drew himself up, and, im- \nj3rovising a rhyme appropriate to the occasion, exclaimed: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n"Here stands George Hei\'sch, an honest man! \nTake him, Devil, if you can!" \n\nGeorge Hersch died many years ago, respected and mourned by all \nwho knew him. \n\nJohn Caruthers, an old soldier of the war of 1812, was for many \nyears a resident of this township, coming here in 1832. He was \na native of Virginia, born in 1793. By reading an account of the \nsurveys and explorations of Col. Fremont he became interested in \nthe study of geology, and read everything he could procure upon \nor pertaining to that subject. He became well versed in chemistry, \nbotany, mineralogy, philosophy, engineering, and his knowledge of \ngeology was very elaborate and thorough. Mr. Caruthers died in \n1879. \n\nAmong the first settlers of this to\'wnship were members of the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 981 \n\nWilhite family. Sampson Wilhite and his three sons, William, Ste- \nphen and Fielding Wilhite, came from Kentucky to this township \n(then Howard county) as early as the year 1818. They located in \nthe neighborhood of Rocheport, where many of their descendants \nyet live. They were all farmers. Stephen Wilhite was a blacksmith \nas well as a farmer ; Fielding Wilhite was a farmer and a Baptist min- \nister. All of them lived reputable lives and died full of years and \nhonors. Probably the first loom was brought into the township by \nMrs. Samj)Son Wilhite in 1818. The greater part of the clothing for \nfamilies was carded, spun and woven by the female members, and \nwas usually made up of wool and flax ; the latter being among the \nfirst crops raised. The first brick house in the township was built by \nSampson Wilhite in the year 1822. It is still standing and is the \nhouse now occupied by J. E. Hart, four miles from Rocheport, on the \nSturgeon road. \n\nReuben Hatton settled on a farm about one mile east of Midway, \nabout the year 1818. He came to Missouri in 1816, spending over \none year in St. Louis county. He was a local preacher of the Meth- \nodist church, and was mainly instrumental in building up " Brick \nChapel," now known as Locust Grove church. He was a native of \nVirginia and served seven years in the revolutionary army. He raised \nten sons and three daughters, of whom two sons and one daughter \nare now living. Reuben Hatton died about the year 1840. Several \nof his sons and their families are well known in Boone county. Gen. \nS. B. Hatton, Col. William Hatton, R. M., Fleming and Wesley B. \nHatton all raised families in Boone county. The wife of Reuben Hat- \nton was Joan Beleau, who was of French-Huguenot origin. The \nBeleaus, in the second generation afte-r their banishment, changed the \nspelling to " Bellew." They were married in South Carolina where \ntheir first children were born. They moved to Madison county, Ken- \ntucky, and from there to Missouri. \n\nTHE " FIRSTS." \n\nvDr. George B. Wilcox, from Tennessee, is said to have been not \nonly the first practicing physician in Missouri township, but the first \nin Boone county, He came to the township as early as 1816, when \nwhite men were very few in the territory now comprised in Boone \ncounty. Dr. Wilcox died in Rocheport about the year 1860. \n\nRev. Thos. Campbell, a Baptist, it is alleged, preached the first \nsermon and conducted the first religious exercises in the township at \n\n\n\n582 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe house of Sampson Wilhite, m the fall of the year 1818. Field- \ning Wilhite was cotemporary with Campbell. \n\nIn the early settlement of Missouri township the leading religious \ndenominations were the Baptists, Presbyterians and Methodists. \nMorality was the general rule. The young people were rather strictly \nreared. The majority of the first settlers opposed dancing, and the \namusements of the young folks were of the simplest character, con- \nsisting chiefly of innocent games and plays. \n\nThe first post-office in the township (and probably the first in the \noounty) was established at Thrall\'s prairie in 1819,^ and named Lex- \nington. Probably Oliver Parker was the first postmaster, although \nthis distinction is claimed by Mr. Lientz for Dr. Geo. B. Wilcox. \nOthers assert that Parker was the first and Wilcox the second. In \n1828 this post-office was removed to the house of Wm. Lientz. The \nname was changed by Col. Thos. H. Benton from Lexington to Boone- \nton. Mr. Lientz was appointed postmaster. In 1832 the office was \nremoved to Rocheport. When first established the mail was brought \nto Lexington from St. Charles on horseback. Mr. Lientz lived on \nthe old Columbia and Franklin road. \n\nThe first store in the township was established by Oliver Parker, at \nThrall\'s Prairie, in 1818 or 1819. His stock in trade was small, to \nbe sure, but it was none the less valuable, at that day. He kept lead, \npowder, sugar, coffee, cloths and a few other articles. Small as was \nhis beginning, and unfavorable as his surroundings were, Mr. Parker\'s \nbusiness grew and flourished until he eventually amassed a fortune. \n\nAn incident showing Mr. Parker\'s gallantry and bravery will bear \nrelating in this connection. On one occasion Mr. Parker started for \nSt. Louis to replenish his stock of goods. He had his money in gold \nand silver in his saddle-bags, as he travelled on horseback. The \nferry boat at St. Charles at that day was a small affair, capable of \ncarrying over one wagon at a time, and propelled by oars. On the trip \nwhen Mr. Parker was a passenger the boat struck a snag and began \nto sink. He seized his saddle-bags and prepared to save himself, but, \nseeing a lady who was on board in great distress and peril, he threw \naway his treasure \xe2\x80\x94 every cent \xe2\x80\x94 and devoted his energies to saving \nher, fortunately with success. \n\nIn 1823 Mr. Parker built a residence in Columbia, afterward the \nnucleus of Stephens Female College. He became one of the leading \n\n\n\n^ One account says in 1818. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 983 \n\ncitizens of Columbia and of the county, and was a resident of Colum- \nbia at the time of his death. \n\nWhen Parker\'s store was first opened he handled but little money. \nThe settlers were wont to exchange produce for such " store goods " \nas they were compelled to purchase. Bacon, corn, beeswax, hides and \npelts, were the chief articles of barter used by the settlers. About all the \nmoney required was enough to pay taxes ; everything else could be \ntraded for. Prices of everything the people had to sell were very \nlow. A good cow brought only $5 ; dressed hogs sold for $1.50 and \n$2 percwt. ; a day\'s labor could be had for 25 cents, etc., etc. \n\nUpon the first settlement of the townsFiip the settlers made their \nown salt. In the fall months they would visit the numerous salt \nsprings in different parts of the township and spend some days in \nboiling down the saline waters into a very fair article of salt. It was \ncoarse, to be sure, but it was strong, and answered every purpose \nvery well. \n\nThe first school-house was located at the Big Spring. It was built \nby the settlers sometime after the year 1820 and prior to 1825. The \nhouse was a very simple structure. It was composed of round logs, \nwith clapboard roof and puncheon floor. The cracks were chinked \nand daubed with mud ; the chimney was of mud and sticks, and alto- \ngether the structure much resembled a settler\'s dwelling-house. Who \ntaught the first term of school in this house cannot with certainty be \nlearned, but Asa Brown is remembered as a teacher who taught at an \n\xc2\xabarly day. \n\nThe first mill in the township was a horse mill, put up by John Cope- \nland in 1819. The flour was bolted or sieved by hand. The mill \nwas so well patronized that customers often had to wait days for \ntheir turn. The first grist mill that ran by water power was built by \nWilliam Stapleton in 1835. \n\nThe- first road through the township was the old St. Charles road, \nrunning from St. Charles to Old Franklin, in Howard county. It was \nknown for years as the St. Charles and Franklin road. The road \nwas much travelled at an early day, it being the principal thorough- \nfare leading from St. Louis and St. Charles to the Upper Missouri \ncountry. In 1830^ the first public conveyances, a line of stage \ncoaches, were put upon this road, it is said, by George Sexton, Esq. \nThe line ran from St. Louis to Old Franklin. Mr. Sexton also estab- \n\n\n\nAnother date is given, 1825. \n\n\n\n984 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nlished the first stage line from Rocheport to Fayette. Prior to the- \nestablishment of Sexton\'s stao-e line the mails were carried on horse- \nback. In Angust, 1821, the county court established a road " to run \nfrom Columbia to intersect the St. Charles road at or near Augustus \nThrall\'s field." John Gray was appointed the commissioner to lay \nout this road. \n\nThe first murder by a white man of a white man in the neighbor- \nhood occurred just over the Howard line, as is believed, since no \nmention of the case can be found in the records of this county. The \ncase was the killing of David Copher by Bird Lawless, in 1831. The \nafiair grew out of a cattle trade between the two men, resulting in a \ndispute, then a quarrel, then a killing. Lawless was tried at Fayette, \nbefore Judge David Todd, found guilty of manslaughter, and sen- \ntenced to six months\' imprisonment in the county jail and to pay a \nfine of $500. \n\nTHE INDIANS. \n\nIn the early settlement of the township roving bands of Indians \nfrom the north, principally from the Sacs (or Saukees), Foxes, lowas \nand Pottawattamies, visited this locality from time to time. After \nthe war of 1812 these Indians were uniformly friendly, though very \ntroublesome on account of their begging and thievish, propensities. \nMany incidents might be narrated of the peculiar conduct of the savages \nwhen in the Missouri township settlements, and the adventures of the \nsettlers with them, but are omitted for want of space. \n\nAs early as 1818, upon the first permanent settlement, there were \nno resident Indians, they having all left some years prior to that date. \nSometimes when they came into the locality and made a camp they \nevinced a disposition to remain permanently, but the whites would in- \nvariably give them to understand that on no account would they be \npermitted to stay for all time, and then would command them to \n" puck-a-chee, " \xe2\x80\x94 i.e., to move on at once. \n\nKILLING OF TODD AND SMITH BY THE INDIANS IN 1813. \n\nOne of the tragic incidents connected with the early settlement and \nhistory of the Boone\'s Lick country was the killing by the Indians of Jon- \nathan Todd and Thomas Smith, two settlers from Fort Hempstead, in \nHoward county, in the year 1813. Todd and Smith had gone out from \nthe fort to hunt for some horses, which, they thought, had strayed \naway. The country was infested with Iowa Indians, also Sacs and \nFoxes, very hostile and very crafty. The settlers wandered away in. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 985 \n\nsearch of their animals (which had really been stolen by the Indians) \nuntil they were beyond the reach of aid from their comrades in the \nfort. One account says that they were decoyed away by the Indians. \nWhen the settlers had reached a point in this township on section \n27, township 49, range 14, now on the farm of Sg,mpson S. Wilhite, \nEsq., they were fired on by the Indians, and after a hard fight both \nwere killed. After they were killed the Indians cut off their heads \nand cut out their hearts and stuck them up on poles. Todd and \nSmith were the first whites killed in the Boone\'s Lick country. \n\nOne account of this affair, furnished by an old citizen of Missouri \ntownship, is to the effect that when Todd and Smith were attacked a \ndesperate combat ensued, ending in their being overpowered and mur- \ndered within two miles of Head\'s Fort, to which place they were fight- \ning their way. They were killed half a mile apart. When found \nTodd\'s head was placed by the body of Smith, seemingly to let the \nwhites know that both had been killed. The bodies, it is said, were \nburied on the farm of Mr. Wilhite, where their graves may yet be \nseen. \n\nCapt. Joseph Cooper, of Howard county, son of Sarshall Cooper \n\nand an inmate of Cooper\'s Fort at the time, in a letter, written in \n\nJanuary, 1874, published in Campbell\'s Gazetteer (p. 244) makes the \n\nfollowing statement : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nCol. Newton G-. Elliott: Dear Sir \xe2\x80\x94 The letter of my early and tried friend, Capt.. \nJoseph Cooper, in relation to the early settlement of the Boone\'s Lickc ountry, has been read \nto me and I heartily endorse as true all he said. My eyesight is so dim that I am unable to \nread it myself, being 86 years old. I came to the Boone\'s Lick country in 1810, and was a \nparticipant in very many of the incidents mentioned in Capt. Cooper\'s letter. Harrison \nJameson (my brother-in-law) and myself were making saltpeter in a cave just below the \nmouth of Moniteau Creek the morning that Jonathan Todd and Thomas Smith were killed. \nWe had been informed by the Indian agent that the Indians were coming to kill us, and \nthat morning we threw all our saltpeter into a canoe and started for Fort Kincaid, arriving \nthere in time to g\xc2\xa9 out with the command to get the dead bodies of Todd and Smith and \nchastise the Indians, if found ; for after the murder they had set fire to the woods to destroy \ntheir trail. * * * * A great many other incidents of the early history of the county \nmight be given, but I, like others who participated, am getting too old to furnish a minute \nhistory. Respectfully, James Barnes. \n\nPERSINGER\'s account. BATTLE ON THE BONNE EEMME. \n\nIn a little pamphlet, published in 1861, by Joseph Persinger, en- \ntitled, " The Life of Jacob Persinger, " appears the following on page \n20, et seq. : \n\n* * * Not long after this treaty was made, some hunters went down on the Bonne \nFemme Creek to find some game, and, in traveling down an Indian path in pursuit of game, \nthey discovered the head of a white man sticking upon a pole. They became alarmed, im- \n\n\n\n986 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmediately went back and reported what they had seen. The whites collected together as \nquick as possible, made arrangements to catch the murderers, and started oflF to where the \nhead was found. On arriving at the spot they found two men had been killed, which exas- \nperated them very much. They then entered into a compact that they would hunt from \nday to day until they found the murderers, and seek revenge by taking the lives of those who \ncommitted the atrocious deed. They started and traveled over a considerable scope of \ncountry, and at length saw an Indian alone. They took him prisoner and interrogated him \nin regard to the murder of the two men, but he stoutly denied having any knowledge of the \nmurder at all. They then asked him if he knew of any Indians ; he replied that he did, and \nthat they were then stationed on the point between the creek and the Missouri river. \n\nThe white men immediately set out to march against the Indians. They proceeded to get \nas close as possible unobserved, and they succeeded. They crossed over the creek as noise- \nlessly as possible and formed a line that extended from the creek to the river. When they \ncame upon the Indians they found them playing " bandy. " They made a rush and got be- \ntween them and their guns. The Indians knew now their only chance for safety would be \neither to to swim Bonne Femme creek or the Missouri river ; but the whites were too fast for \nthem. They (the whites) made a charge and killed off all the Indians, forty-nine in number, \nexcept one, who escaped with a broken arm. After the battle was over the whites took the \nIndian prisoner upon the bottom or low ground on the Missouri river, and told him that if he \nwished to save his life, he could do so by out-running any one man in the company. The \nIndian readily accepted to this proposition, and started off at full speed ; but a man named \nFugate started after him, caught him immediately and led him back to the company. The \nwhites then told him that they would give him another chance : that he might commence \nrunning, and after he got a certain distance from them they were to commence firing, and if \nnone of the balls struck he should go unharmed. The Indian started at full speed again. \nAfter he got to the required distance he ran in an angular direction ; but the poor creature \ndid not get far until he fell dead, with seven bullet holes in him. This defeat of the Indians \nisettled the war with them for some time. \n\nFrom Persinger\'s description of the ground, it is evident that the \nfight with the Indians narrated in the foregoing, took place near the \nmouth of Bonne Femme creek, in what is now Cedar township. It is \nworthy of note, that no corroboru,tive statements or accounts concern- \ning the killing of the forty-nine Indians can be obtained at present, \nand yet this remark is not intended as a denial that any such affair \never came off. \n\nA BEAR HUNT. \n\nIn the year 1823 a large black bear came mto the neighborhood \nwhere Andrew McQuitty lived. The alarm was given and a hunting \nparty was soon formed to give chase to the monster. Among those \ncomposing this party, were Andrew McQuitty, Bird Lawless, Joshua \nF. White, and some negro men. Bruin was soon found, and chased \ninto a sink-hole. Here the dogs were set upon him, but he soon \nand very easily disposed of them, and they at last refused to come \nto time. \n\nMr. McQuitty and his fellow-hunters had taken a drink or two of \npioneer whisky before setting out, and were somewhat under its \n\n\n\n1 \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 987 \n\ninfluence. Brave at all times, thej were now reckless. One of the \nnegroes was a slave named Jefi", who belonged to McQiiitty. Jeff\'s \nmaster called out to him : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n"Dim you, Jeff, jump onto him with an ax." \n\n" Good Lawd, massa !" replied Jeff; " see how he sarves de dogs ! \nWhat would he do to me?" \n\n" Never mind that," said McQuitty : " you black rascal, jump onto \nthat bear, dim you." \n\n" Golly ! massa, he\'ll kill me sure, an\' den yon\'U lose more dan de \nole bar is wuff. Better jump on him yourself, massa P^ \n\n"Give me the ax then, dim you," and, seizing the weapon, Mr. \nMcQuitty walked out upon a log that lay partly across the sink-hole, \nand luckily enough struck the savage animal with the blade of the \nax a blow in the neck which severed its jugular, and it fell a quiver- \ning carcass. \n\nSpringing to the main land McQuitty shouted triumphantly, " Now, \nJeff, you gad dim nigger, see what a man can do that is not a coward ! " \n\n" Yes," replied Jeff, shaking his woolly head meditatively, but what \nwould have become of you, massa, if you\'d fell off de log? " \n\nORGANIZATION. \n\nAt the first session of the county court, February 18, 1822, Mis- \nsouri township was organized. When the territory was in Howard \ncount}^ it had comprised a portion of Moniteau township, and Tyre \nHarris was justice of the peace, and James Harris constable. The \nBoone county court appointed, (or recommended for appointment,) \nJohn Gray to be justice of the peace, Ichabod C. Hensley constable, \nand Jesse B. Dale, assessor. It appears that the appointment of \nthese offices did not operate to legislate Tyre Harris out of office, for \nthere is a record of his having performed the functions of a magistrate \nfor some time afterward. The metes and bounds of Missouri town- \nship first fixed by the county court, are the same to-day. The order \nof the court establishing the township reads as follows : \n\n"4th township to be denominated Missouri township: Beginning at the mouth of the \nEoche Perche creek, thence up the Missouri river to the mouth of the Monitor ^ creek ; thence \nup said creek to where the dividing line between this county and Howard leaves the same ; \nthence with said dividing line to where it crosses the old St. Charles road ; thence eastwardly \nwith the said road to where it crosses the southeast corner of section 16, in range 14, and \ntownship 49 ; thence east with the sectional line to the western boundary of Columbia town- \n\n\n\n1 Properly spelled Moniteau. \n\n\n\n988 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nship ; thence south with said boundary to the northern boundary of Cedar township, thence \nwest with the said township boundary to the Koche Perche creek, thence down said creek \nto the mouth, the point of beginning." \n\nEARLY MILLS. \n\nAmong the earliest improvements in Missouri township should be \nmentioned the Dixon and Stapleton mills east of the Callaham. The \nfirst mill built in that region of country, other than the old-fashioned \nhorse-mills, was the Dixon water-mill, on the Callaham, about three \nmiles above the junction of that stream with the Perche. Robert \nScott was the mill-wright who built it. The first proprietor was a man \nnamed Dixon. It was both a saw and grist-mill. Soon after it was \ncompleted Dixon sold it to Gen. S. B. Hatton, who employed a skillful \nmillwright named Smith to add a number of improvements thereto. \nIt ran night and day, but could not supply the demand for lumber. \nMost of the lumber used in building the State University was sawed \nat this mill. Soon after it was started Stapleton, a wealthy young \nman from Howard county, commenced building a large steam mill \nabout half a mile below the Dixon mill. When completed it was the \nlargest and most complete steam mill in the county. This mill also \nfurnished a large amount of lumber for the State University, but Sta- \npleton did not prosper, from some cause or other, and soon sold the \nproperty to the Sexton brothers, who conducted the business for sev- \neral years, when they sold the mill and 500 acres of land to R. M. & \nS. B. Hatton. Gen. Hatton sold the machinery to a man named \nRenfroe, who moved it to Moniteau county. The machinery had \nformerly done service in the paper-mill at Rockbridge, Boone county. \n\nTRAGEDIES. \n\nThere is a tragedy connected with the history of each of those \nmills. A man was drowned in attempting to cross the Callaham just \nabove Dixon\'s mill, but the name of the individual and the circum- \nstances of his death, are shrouded in mystery. The tragedy of Sta- \npleton\'s mill is of a more thrilling nature. Two boys, sons of a Mr. \nKingsberry, a wealthy planter of Howard county, had come to spend \nthe Christmas with their sister, Mrs. Stapleton, whose husband was \nvery fond of hunting. He had promised to. take the boys on a deer \nchase, and in their impatience for the hunt they took their brother-in- \nlaw\'s guns and proceeded to load them. While thus engaged, one of \nthe guns was fired, accidentally, the ball piercing the heart of one of \nthe boys, who died without uttering a word. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 989 \n\nIN THE CIVIL WAR. \n\nDuring the civil war Missouri township bore its full share of the \nliurdens and endured its full measures of the distresses incident to \nthat sanguinary strife. , The Southern element predominated in num- \nbers in the township, but there were many Union men staunch and \ntrue. Each side was well represented in the armies that fought in \nthe field. Amono; the more notable incidents of the war in the town- \nship was the \n\nKILLING OF SIDNEY DENHAM. \n\nMr. Denham lived four miles east of Rocheport, on his farm. He \nwas a well-to-do citizen and owned a number of slaves. At the out- \nbreak of the war he went to Boonville as a member of the Missouri \nState Guard, but returned home in a few days and took no further \nactive or open part in the strife. In the fall of 1864 he had collected \nsome guns and ammunition which he had hidden in a vacant house \non his premises, and which, it was charged, were intended for use by \nthe bushwhackers. Mr. Denham\'s negroes informed the Federals on \ntheir master, and a squad was sent out from Columbia to arrest him. \nMr. Denham was arrested, his premises searched, the guns and \nammunition found, and then the party started away. A Mr. Boggs, \nwho accompanied the Federals as a guide, and who now resides in \nTerrapin Neck, states that Denham was well mounted, and not long \nafter the party had started, and while near Walnut Grove church, he \nput spurs to his horse and tried to escape. The Federals gave chase \nand fired on him and killed him. It was charged that the Federals \ninduced Mr. D. to try to escape in order that they might have an \nexcuse for shooting him. The body was buried in Walnut Grove \nCemetery. The Federals who did the shooting are believed to have \nbelonged to the 42d Mo. Infantry, a detachment of which regiment \nwas stationed at Columbia at the time commanded by Lt. Col. \nStauber. \n\nASSAULT BY DESPERADOES ON A DEPUTY SHERIFF. ONE OF THE \n\nASSAILANTS KILLED. \n\nAbout the last of November, 1866, Addison Adams, John Q. \nAdams, James Adams and Francis Hornsinger, were in Rocheport \ndisturbing the peace and defying the authorities of the town ; and \nineiFectual attempts were made to arrest them by Deputy Constable \nCharles Myers and Recorder Samuel Scobee. These desperadoes, \n\n\n\n990 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\namong other things, rode up and down the streets with drawn pistols \nand finally evacuated the town, firing at dogs and hogs as they left it. \nThey came east on the Columbia road, on their way, it is sijpposed, ta \nthe house of one of the parties, John Q. Adams, who lived about four \nmiles from Rocheport. \n\nWhen about two miles from town the Deputy Sheriff", Mr. James \nC. Gillaspy, who had that day been to Rocheport on official business \nno wav connected with either of these parties, passed them on the \nroad. Having no business with either of them, he simply spoke to \nthem in passihg, and when a few steps in advance was ordered by \nJames Adams to halt. Not halting, Adams galloped to his side with \na drawn pistol, repeating the order; whereupon some words passed \nbetween them, Mr. Gillaspy requesting Adams to desist and put up \nhis pistol as he knew no cause why he should be thus assailed on the \npublic highway. Instead of desisting, however, although Mr. \nGillaspy requested his comrades to interpose and take him away, \nAdams became more furious, and with his pistol in close proximity to \nGillaspy attempted to kill him, but fortunately the pistol missed \nfire. \n\nImmediately on this deadly assault being made Mr. Gillaspy very \nproperly fired upon his assailant, the ball making a flesh wound in \nAdams\' shoulder. The report of the pistol frightened the horses of \nboth Adams and Gillaspy, and both were thrown to the ground. In \nfalling Gillaspy\' s pistol was again fired, accidentall}^ and this was the \nlast charge in it. Finding himself thus surrounded and unarmed, \nGillaspy leaving his horse started for the house of Mr. Marion Coch- \nran, not far off. About this time three citizens returning from \nColumbia to their homes in Rocheport, viz : J. H. Thornton, Dr. H. \nR. C. Cowden and Michael O. Woods, came up ; and Mr. Thornton \nbeing the constable of that township commanded the peace and ordered \ntihem to surrender their arms, which they refused to do \xe2\x80\x94 James \nAdams swearing vengeance against Gillaspy, and others of the party \nagainst Thornton. Mr. Woods passed rapidly on to Cochran\'s house, \nwhither Gillaspy had gone, to assist Gillaspy ; whereupon Gillaspy, \nobtaining a navy revolver, and Woods a rifle, started back to where \nhis horse had thrown him. Woods soon ascertained that the rifle was \nunloaded ; Gillaspy, however, went on. Seeing him coming, Addi- \nson Adams and Hornsinger remarked to Jas. Adams, who by this time \nhad remounted his horse \xe2\x80\x94 "There comes the damn sonofab \xe2\x80\x94 h; \ngo and kill him." James obeyed and rode in a gallop toward \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 991 \n\nGillaspy, pistol in hand, and firing upon him as he approached. \nGillaspy heroically stood his ground and returned the fire, several shots \nbeing exchanged. In the melee Adams\' horse was killed and he mor- \ntally wounded \xe2\x80\x94 Gillaspy escaping unhnrt. Adams died the next \nmorning. \n\nMr. Gillaspy returned to Columbia that evening and immediately \nsurrendered himself to Sheriff Baker ; and the Circuit Court being in \nsession the grand jury summoned witnesses and after a thorough \ninvestigation of the case, fully acquitted Gillaspy and found indict- \nments for assaults with iutent to kill against Addison Adams and \nFrancis Hornsinger, and they were immediately arrested by Sheriff \nBaker and lodged in jail. Neither of these four desperadoes, except \nJno. Q. Adams, resided in Boone county; but had recently come \nfrom Southwest Missouri. \n\nRECENT NEGRO RIOT. \n\nAbout the 1st. of August, 1882, the colored people living in the \nsouthwestern part pf the county, better knowai as " Terrapin Neck," had \na picnic at Mr. Burch Hunt\'s springs not far from the river and some \neight miles southwest of Columbia. Whisky, it seems, as\' usual was \non hand and got in its devilish work. A negro named Sewood Coch- \nran, noted for his desperate deeds, it is said, with his two brothers, \nGeorge and Warren, came upon the grounds for the purpose of raising \na row and began by overturning the table. A general fight ensued in \nwhich a negro named. Joseph Jackson, one of the managers of the \npicnic, shot Sewood through the thigh. Jackson received a danger- \nous and probably fatal cut in the side, from, it is thought, Warren \nCochran. Sewood getting possession of the pistol with which Jackson \nshot him, in aiming to return fire, shot Alex. Freeman, colored, a by- \nstander in the neck, inflicting a flesh wound. Constable Newland, of \nMissouri township, was present and tried to preserve the peace, but \nhad to shoot Sewood, who resisted, the ball passing through his chin \nand entering his neck and chest. Newland wheeled around and \narrested George Cochran and took him before Ugenus Boldin, J. \nP., but there being no one to swear out a warrant he was released.. \nIn the melee Warren Cochran was knocked senseless with a plank by \nJim White. The scene after the fight was over, looked like a battle- \nfield, the wounded and bleeding negroes lying around in all directions \nand making; the air vocal with their groans. \n\n\n\n992\' HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nCOUNTRY CHURCHES OLD BETHEL, NOW WALNUT GROVE. \n\nThe first church organized within the present limits of Boone \ncounty, was a Baptist church called Bethel located near the centre of \nsection 16, township 49, range 14.^ This organization was forofied \nJune 28, 1817, by five persons, whose names are here given. Fortu- \nnately the original manuscript of the church covenant is still in existence \nand a transcript is herewith set out, printed as it was written, with a \nfew unimportant errors in orthography, grammar, and composition, \nnot to be ridiculed, but to give record to a paper of great importance \nand remarkable interest. For sixty-five years has this paper been care- \nfully preserved, and, though yellow and bronzed by age, bids fair to \nexist for a much longer period. Let its possessors take some means \nto permanently preserve it. The records of the first church meeting \nand the names of the original members are also given, as matters of \ninterest. The following is a literal transcript of the first church cov- \nenant of Old Bethel : \xe2\x80\x94 - \n\nCHURCH COVANANT. \n\nJune the 28 A. D. 1817 \nWe the Baptist Church called Bethel was constituted by Brethren William Tharp \nand David McClain on the Scriptures of the old and new testaments, believing them to \nbe the infallable word of God and only rule of faith and practice, Believing that salva- \ntion is of God alone, also that .Tesus (Jhrist is the eternal Son of God the Father three \npersons in the Godhead, the Father the son and the holy ghost, these three are one \nWe believe in perticular and unconditional Election by grace and baptism by immer- \ntion, Belevers to be the only subjects and the final perseverance of the Saints. \n[Signed] \nAnderson Woods Betsy Woods David Maquitty John Tuenkr James Harris \n\nThe first pastor of the congregation was the Eev. William Tharp, \nof whom it is to be regretted not much can be learned at this late day. \nFielding Wilhite was the pastor in 1829. The following is a transcript \nof the first meeting, together with the membership list: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nSaturday 1817 \nWe the Baptist church of Christ met according to appointment and after prayer to \nGod for his blessing proceeded to business as folows \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n1. Brother Edward Turner was chosen moderator \n\n2. A door was opened for the reception of members. \n\n3. Brother Joshua Barton was received by letter. \n\n4. Brother Anderson Woods was chosen as our clerk. \n\n5. On motion agreed to travel for a decon until our next meeting. \n\n6. On motion agreed to conmiune two time a year in the the month of May and \nOctober \n\n\n\n1 Five miles north by east of Rocheport, in the lower part of Perche township. Land \n.now owned bv Mr. Huntington. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 993 \n\n7. On motion agred to appoint Brethren David Mcquitty Joshua Barton and Ander- \nson Woods to form a church deciplin for the inspection of [last line torn off.] \n\nPersons names who were constituted calling them selves Bethel Church June the 28 A D \n1817. David JMequitty John Turner James Harris Anderson Woods Betsj\' Woods \n\nPersons names who have joined since the constitution by letter; Joshua Barton by letter; \nLasarus Wilcox by letter; John Reid and Patsey his wife by letter; Policy Pipes by letter; \nBetsey Pipes by letter ; Mourning Harris by experience ; Lucy Willcox by experience ; \nPoUey Harris by experience ; Mary Mcquitty by letter ; William McCarty by letter; James \nHicks and Sarah his wife by letter; Jacob Sowder and Libby his wife by letter; Elias \nElston and Jamima his wife by letter, \n\nThe first church building occupied by the old Bethel congregation \nwas built of logs, sometime in the year 1818, and this was used until \nthe separation, in 1835, after which it was worshipped in by the auti- \nmissionary or Old School Baptists and the Presbyterians for some time. \nThe pulpit, as stated, was supplied by Rev. Wm. Tharp, from the \nfirst organization until the year 1820, when the regular pastor, Eev. \nThos. Campbell, was installed. He resigned in 1829, and Fielding \nWilhite became his successor. \n\nThe first cemetery in Boone county was old Bethel burying ground, \nlocated near where the church stood, in the southern border of Perche \ntownship. The first interment therein was that of a man named \nPayson, who was buried in 1818. The cemetery contains some 300 \ngraves, but for a long time has not been used, and is now the centre \nof a pasture. \n\nThe congregation worshiped in harmony until in 1835, when occurred \nthe dissension in regard to foreign missions. The anti-missionary Bap- \ntists withdrew, and the remainder, to the number of about forty, formed \nthe Walnut Grove Baptist church. Amoug the constitutional mem- \nbers, as well as can now be remembered, were Fielding Wilhite (after- \nwards pastor), William Wilhite and wife, William Pullman and wife, \nReuben Elliott and wife, Tyre Harris and wife, Elijah Dale and wife, \nGeo. W. McQnitty and wife, Zachariah Burnett and wife, Newman T. \nMitchell and wife, Isaac Doty and wife, and Henry Dooley. \n\nIn 1836 William Wilhite donated one acre of ground for the present \ncemetery and church site (which has been increased to about three \nacres), whereon a stand was erected and where the first services were \nheld, conducted by the pastor, Rev. Fielding Wilhite, and Revs. A. P. \nWilliams and Thos. Fristoe. The first meetings were protracted, \nsometimes for a period of two weeks. When the weather was inclem- \nent the meetings were adjourned to and held in the Presbyterian church \nat Rocheport. \n\nIn 1838 the cono^reo^ation erected a brick church building, 20 by 50 \n63 \n\n\n\n994 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfeet in area, and of moderate height, plahily but substantially finished \nand furnished. Here services were held until 1847, when the present \nchurch was built. It is a frame, 40 by 60 in area and 18 feet in height, \nwithout spire or bell. Within the same inclosure and contiguous to \nthe church is the Walnut Grove cemetery. The first interments \ntherein were those of Mrs. Enoch Taylor, in 1836, and Sampson Wil- \nhite, Sr., in 1837. Subsequently more than two hundred graves have \nbeen added. As no records have ever been kept, many of these graves \ncannot now be identified. But known or unknoAvn, recognized or un- \nrecognized, the tenants of these silent abodes, the fathers and mothers, \nthe brothers and sisters of the present generation of the communicants \nof Walnut Grove sleep well. Whether the sun of summer shines \nupon them, or the winds of winter blow over them, alike they silently \nlie, awaiting the Great Day ; and year by year their descendants and \nposterity are gathered to them to become in their turn waiters in the \nsilent chambers. * \n\nThe first pastor of Walnut Grove was Rev. Fielding Wilhite, wha \nfirst began his labors in Old Bethel in 1829, and closed them in Walnut \nGrove church in 1844. His successors have been : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nProm 1849 to 1850 \xe2\x80\x94 Morton Mothersliead. From 1861 to 1866 \xe2\x80\x94 Noah Flood. \nFrom 1850 to 1857 \xe2\x80\x94 Noah Flood. From 1866 to 1871 \xe2\x80\x94 John Murphy. \n\nFrom 1857 to 1858 \xe2\x80\x94 Green Carey. From 1871 to 1872 \xe2\x80\x94 Noahi Flood. \n\nFrom 1858 to 1860 \xe2\x80\x94 Kobt. N. Harris. From 1873 to 1881 \xe2\x80\x94 Jno. M. Eobinson. \n\nFrom 1881 to the present \xe2\x80\x94 W. Pope Teaman. \n\nThe present officers are the following: Deacons \xe2\x80\x94 N. G. Mitchell,. \nSr., J. H. Sampson, N. G. Mitchell, Jr., and Stephen Elliott. Clerk \xe2\x80\x94 \nJ. H. Sampson. Treasurer \xe2\x80\x94 J. S. Denham. Present membership, \nnot reported. The church and cemetery are located about the center \nof section 29, township 49, range 14. \n\nSUGAE CREEK ( BAPTIST) CHURCH. \n\nThe Sugar Creek congregation of the Baptist church was organized \nNovember 2, 1823. The following is an abstract of the records con- \ntaining the report of the constitutional meeting : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nNovember the second (Saturday), 1823. \n\nWe, the Baptist Church of Christ at Sugar Creek, met at Brother John Berry\'s, accord- \ning to appointment, and being constituted on 25 members by Elders Wm. Tharp and Thomas \nCampbell, Brother Thos. Campbell chosen moderator, we proceed \xe2\x80\x94 1. And agree to be \nknown by the name of Sugar Creek. 2. We agree to hold our church meetings on the sec- \nond Saturday and Sunday in each month. 3. A door was open for the reception of members. \nKeceived by experience. Sisters Rachel Riddle, Elizabeth Huntsucker, Susannah Bledsoe,, \nand Polly Hawkins. \n\nBy order of the church. Levi H. Jones, Clerk pro tern. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 995 \n\nThe original members of the congregation were : Wm. Barnes, Mark \nReavis, Wm. Jones, Sr., Wm. Jones, Jr., Willis Hawkins, Levi H. \nJones, John Stemmons, John Berry, John Jones, James Eeavis, James \nFlemming, Thos. Hart, Anthony Crosby, Benj. Dale, Gavin Bledsoe, \nJohn Huntsucker, Thos. Huntsucker, and Sisters Lucy Reavis, Eliza- \nbeth Berry, Tabitha Crosby, Polly Flemming, Mildred Hawkins, Anna \nJones, Patsy Jones, and Vilette, a woman of color. \n\nThe first deacons were selected on the second Saturday in January,, \n1824, and were LeviH. Jones and Thomas Hart. They were ordained \nthe same day by Elders Thos. Campbell and Elijah Foley, The first \npastor called was Elder Campbell, but he refused to accept; then Elder \nFoley was called. Saith the record of October 2 (Saturday), \n1824: \xe2\x80\x94 \n\n* * * Keference from last meeting relating to this church calling a pastor was con- \nsidered. 2. This church was unanimous in\'calling Bro. Elijah Foley, and he accedes to their \nwishes. \n\nThe first church building was of logs, and was put up on the farm \nof John Henderson, in 1827. It was never completed, however, and \nwas only used during pleasant weather. It was afterwards taken down \nand removed to the farm of James H. Lowrey, and again removed to \nthe farm of Sherman Harris and used until 1840. In this year a double \nlog building was put up, 24 by 40 feet in size, which was used until \nthe summer of 1882, when the present structure was erected. It is a \nframe, 36 by 56 in area, and is well furnished. Its cost was about \n$2,000. It was dedicated June 18, 1882, by Rev. W. Pope Yeaman. \nIt stands on the northeast quarter of section 22, township 48, range 14. \n\n[Information concerning the pastors, present membership, and other \nmatters connected with the history of this church, was promised, but \nnot furnished.] \n\nThe Sugar Creek Cemetery was originally the private burying- \nground of Owen W. Boggs, and the first burial was that of his infant \ndaughter, in 1830. The next, soon after, was that of a negro boy, \nbelonging to Mr. Boggs. Subsequently, by consent of Mr. Boggs, \nthe ground was used by the public, and in 1882 it was deeded to the \ntrustees of the Sugar Creek Baptist church, in whose name the title \nwill hereafter rest. The church site was also donated by the heirs of \nMr. Boggs, for church purposes. \n\nNEW PROVIDENCE CHUECH. \n\nThis church is of the Missionary Baptist denomination, and wa& \n\n\n\n^)96 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\norganized in 1838, the original members being Joel Wilhite and wife, \nThomas Allen and wife, Elijah Foley and wife, Fannie Foley, and \nArthur Barnett and wife. The first pastor was Fielding Wilhite, and \nthe first officers were Joel Wilhite and Andrew Barnett, deacons, and \nThomas Allen, clerk. The meeting at which the church was for- \nmally consecrated was held in a grove at McGee\'s spring, near where \nthe church now stands. Services were held at the grove and at the \nhouses of different members until 1845, when they built a meeting \nhouse of hewed logs, labor and material being donated by the mem- \nbers. It was forty-five feet long by thirty feet wide, and seated with \ncommon wooden benches. This building answered as a place of \nworship till 1878, when it was torn down and the present edifice was \nerected on its site. The new house is a frame, plain but neat, 52x38 \nfeet in length and width, with a good stone foundation underneath. \nIt cost $1,450, and is comfortably, though not expensively, furnished. \nIn front and over the entrance is a wooden awning, which not only \nornaments the building, but protects it from the weather. The mem- \nbership numbers 160, and since its first organization in 1838, there have \nbeen 350 conversions. The following is a list of names of the young \nmen, formerly members of this church, who have become preachers: \nGeorge Oliver, Lewis Conner, Elliott Wilhite, Morton Modisett, \nJames Smalley, D. B. Black, Edwin Walker, and William H. Nichols. \nThe present pastor is Kev. J. M. McGuire. George H. Hutchinson, \nThomas H. Caruthers and Joshua Fenton are deacons, and James \nBradley, clerk, at the present writing. New Providence Cemetery \nwas set apart for burial purposes in 1845, and the first subject in- \nterred was Mrs. Eveline Barnes, wife of David Barnes \xe2\x80\x94 husband also \nsince deceased. It now contains over 100 graves, and is in the same \nenclosure with the church. \n\nLOCUST GEOVE CHURCH. \n\nThis is another of the numerous Southern Methodist churches in \nthe county, the nucleus of which particular congregation were the \nHatton and Harriman families. The circuit called " Boone\'s Lick \nCircuit " was organized as early as 1816, and Joseph Piggott was the \nfirst itinerant preacher ( \' \' circuit rider " ) . The Locust Grove church \nat Midway was organized early in 1818, but services had been pre- \nviously held. The first, or constitutional, members were Keuben \nHatton and wife, John Harriman, wife and several of the family, Keu- \nben M. Hatton, Thomas Finley, Margaret Laughlin, William Doug- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 997 \n\nlass and wife, and McMuUin. Subsequent to the organization \n\nthe following were received as members : Alexander M. Ellington \nand wife, Abram Funk, wife and two daughters, Mrs. Jane McGhee,^ \nMrs. Anderson, and Miss Anderson (afterwards wife of Rev. John \nBennett.) Services were lieM from the time of the organization up \nto about 1824 at the residence of Reuben Hatton, and from that time \nuntil 1830 at the house of William Douglass. In that year the Old \nBrick Chapel was erected near the site of the present church at Mid- \nway. It was a small house, 36 by 26 feet in length and width, and a \n12-foot ceiling, plainly built, heated by old-fashioned "fire-places," \nand seated with plain oaken seats without backs. The land (two \nacres) was donated by William Douglass and William Scott, one acre \neach, for a church-yard and cemetery. This was in 1829 or \'30, and \nthe burying ground is also called Locust Grove cemetery. As nearly as \ncan be ascertained, the first subject buried there was Warren Leonard. \nThere are now about 400 graves, whose little hillocks dot the ground, \nbut no record has ever been kept. The prime movers in building the \nbrick chapel were Rev. John Bennett, A. M. Ellington, Stephen G. \nEvans, and Peter McLain. The old church was in time found to be \ntoo small to accommodate the increased and still g-rowing congrega- \ntion. Accordingly, in 1870, it was torn down and the present edifice, \na new and commodious frame structure, was built near the old site, \nthe dimensions being 52x40x14 feet in length, breadth and height. \nIt is neatly and comfortably furnished, and was dedicated in 1871 by \nRev. John D. Vincil, then of Columbia. The pastor in charge was \nDavid Root, and the membership numbered about 80, and still con- \ntinues about the same. The old records are unfortunately lost, and \nmuch of the information herein given had to be collected from private \nand unoflicial sources. The oldest preacher remembered was Rev. \nBankston, who served the congregation after the organization, though \nhe was not the first. \n\nMOUNT NEBO CHURCH. \n\nThe history of this congregation of Southern Methodists was fur- \nnished the historian by Mr. Joseph Williamson. Rev. Moses U. \nPayne, who was the leading spirit in the organization of this church, \nwas its first pastor in about 1840, he giving it the name it now bears. \nThe first chapel was a log building of the primitive pattern, built on \nthe land of Joseph Williamson, who now uses the house for a stable. \nThe original members were Mary Williamson, Joseph Williamson and \nwife, Mrs. Burrilla Pettis, Wilson Dennis and wife, Cynthia Bledsoe? \n\n\n\n^98 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nLizzie Bledsoe, Joseph Bledsoe and wife, Margaret Melloway and \nSamuel Wood and wife. Mary Williamson (mother of Joseph Wil- \nliamson), whose name heads the list, was the first Methodist in the \nneighborhood of Mount Nebo. The establishment of the church at \nthe time was largely due to her zeal in the cause. Though she is \nlong since dead, and the old log structure in which she worshipped \nlias long ago been put to baser uses, and given way to a more becom- \ning, house of meeting, still her influence and the church\'s influence \nfor good still glide down the path of time and produce fruit in the \nMaster\'s vineyard. All honor to Mount Nebo for the good it has \n\xe2\x96\xa0done, and all hope and prayer for her future career. \n\nMount Nebo Cemetery contains about two acres, which, together \nwith the church site, were donated to the Baptist church for church \nand burial purposes in 1860 by James W. Thomas. The first inter- \nment was that of Alexander K. Williamson, in February, 1861. He \nwas a son of Joseph Williamson, and died at the age of seventeen. \n\n\n\nTHE TOWN OF KOCHEPOKT. \nEAELY HISTORY. \n\nThe land comprising the present site of the town of Rocheport was \npatented by the United States to David Gray, November 13, 1822. \nGray sold it to Wm. Kincheloe ; he sold to John Gray. March 2, \n1825, John Gray (and Sally, his wife,) sold to Abraham Barnes, John \nWard and Lemon Parker, who, with Wm. Gaw, composed the first \ntown company, and were the projectors of the town itself. Rocheport \nwas laid out December 15, 1832, by Parker, Barnes, Ward and Gaw. \nThe latter sold to Parker a portion of the town site. Wm. Shields \nwas the surveyor. Subsequent additions were surveyed by James H. \nBennett. In the various transfers of the land on which the town \nstands it (the land) is uniformly described as " a part of section 1, \ntownship 48, range 15." \n\nAs early as 1820 there was a warehouse on the present town site, \ncalled "Arnold\'s warehouse," which was managed by Robert Hood, \nand was an establishment of some note. The locality was also widely \nknown as" the mouth of the Moniteau," and was a favorite landing \nplace for the settlers of eastern Howard and western Boone. The \nMoniteau creek (or " creek of the Great Spirit") was famed for the \nfish in its waters and the game along its banks. John Gray settled in \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 999 \n\nthe neighborhood in 1819 and established a ferry across the river, \nwhich he operated for some years prior to the laying out of the town. \nMany flat-boats and keel-boats were built and loaded at " the mouth \nof the Moniteau" in an early day. \n\nIn Juue, 1804, the Lewis and Clark expedition landed at the mouth \nof the Moniteau and explored the country along the river and for some \ndistance inland. The " painted rocks " were particularly noted and \nmentioned in the published journal of the expedition,^ as being " very \nremarkable. They are covered with strange and uncouth hieroglyph- \nics and representations. * \xc2\xab * "vy^ were prevented from making \na careful inspection by reason of the presence of so many ferocious \nrattlesnakes, which are very venomous at this season of the year, and \nwhich were crawling amons; the rocks in o-reat numbers." \n\nThe name of the place was first intended to be Rock-^ovi, but it was \nchanged to Roche^ovt, at the instance, it is said, of a French mission- \nary who was in the neighborhood. The name signifies a rocky port, \nor port of rocks, and the town ought always to have been known by \nthe name first given it. \n\nThe first merchant in Rocheport was one Barlow, who established \nhimself in 1830 in a log store-house on Moniteau street, north of \nwhere the Star mills are now located, and occupied the grounds whereon \nstands Wm. Hulett\'s residence.^ As before stated, the locality was \na sort of shipping port. Boats were built, loaded and set sail for New \nOrleans and the other lower Mississippi markets from this point, and \nthe boatmen landed here on their return. Barlow did a fair business \nfor the time and under the circumstances. Other venturesome mer- \nchants, attracted by his success, located here from time to time, and \nsoon quite a number of houses, chiefly built of logs, were standing in \nthe place. Gary Peebles, Lark. Bennett and others came next after \nBarlow, and all did business in log houses. The first merchants kept \nonly staple articles, such as were needed by the people at that day \xe2\x80\x94 \ncotton goods, sugar, coflfee and whisky, the latter article being as \nmuch of a necessity in early days as either of the former. \n\nThe first hotel or tavern was the log house, also used as a store \nbuilding, kept by Barlow. This house was built by John Gray, per- \nhaps in 1819. It was not kept as a regular hotel, with bar-room. \n\n\n\n1 See Lewis and Clark\'s Expedition, Vols. I. and II., pp. 11-13 and p. 432. Philadel- \nphia : Bradford & Inskeep, 1814. \n\n2 Another account says Barlow\'s siovQ first stood at the foot of Main street, on ground \nsince washed away by the river. \n\n\n\ny \n\n\n\n1000 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\noffice, etc., but was merely a combination of store-room, dwelling^ \nhouse and tavern. The first regular tavern or hotel was built and \nkept by Jesse B. Dale in 1833, and stood on Moniteau street. \n\nThe post-office at Rocheport was established in 1832. It was the \nsuccessor to Lexington, upon Thrall\'s prairie, and toBooneton, kept \nby Wm. Lientz. Lexington was removed to Booneton in 1828, and \nBooneton was removed to Rocheport in 1832. The first postmaster \nin Rocheport was Gary Peebles. \n\nProbably the first steamboat to land on the present site of Roche- \nport was the R. M. Johnson, of Mlijor Long\'s expedition, which came \nup the river in 1819, and landed at the mouth of the Moniteau for \nwood. In 1821 a steamer owned by James Johnson, a brother of \nvice-President Johnson, for whom the first boat to land was named, \ntied up at Arnold\'s warehouse, and it is said took on some freight. \nBetween 1820 and 1825 a boat made regular trips between Old Frank- \nlin and St. Louis, stopping at all the principal landings, Arnold\'s \nwarehouse among the number. All these landings were made before \nthe town was laid out. \n\nIn the early days of Rocheport society was not the best regulated. \nWhisky was used as a common beverage throughout the country. If \none neighbor visited another he expected to be " treated," of course,. \nand if he was not, and no apology or excuse was given, the visitor \nconsidered that he had received a personal affront. Fights and fisti- \ncuff\'s were common in Rocheport. No other weapons than Nature\'s \nwere used, however, as a rule, and after the fight a speedy and lasting \nreconciliation was eff\'ected. The bottle was passed, everybody drank \nand all was soon forgotten. Much of the whisky drank in early days \nwas made at the stills in the neighborhood, was untaxed by govern- \nment, unstamped by inspector, and uninspected by ganger, and, the \nword of an old settler for it, would make a man fight his grandfather. \nPeople exchanged their cortt and rye for the juice thereof. \n\nAt first coffee was fifty cents a pound at Barlow\'s store. It was \nseldom used by the people except on Sunday morning. Tea was \nrarely used at all. Most people used maple sugar for " sweetening," \nmade by themselves, and fit food for the gods. Sassafras tea was a \ncommon table drink ; while the children drank good, rich, nourishing \ncow\'s milk. \n\nFor a few years after the town was laid out it grew rather rapidly, \nand in 1835 it was a place of considerable size and importance, rival- \ning Columbia. Rocheport contained eight stores, two tailor shops^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1001 \n\ntwo carding machines, a steam saw mill, five brickyards, two tan- \njards, two rope walks, two blacksmith shops, a tavern, and a tobacco \nmanufactory. The next year, or in 1836, thirty new buildings were \nerected. \n\nIn the exciting presidential contest of 1840 the Whigs held a mon- \nster mass meeting at Rocheport. The meeting was on a hill east of \nthe town in a dense grove of sugar trees, where three speakers\' stands \nwere erected, and where for three days and nights the friends of " Tip- \npecanoe and Tyler too" held high carnival. During the meeting \nspeeches were made by Chilton Allen, of Kentucky, Fletcher Webster, \nson of Daniel Webster, Gen. A. W. Doniphan, James H. Birch, Abiel \nLeonard, James S. Rollins, Col. John O\'Fallon, James Winston, \nGeorge C. Bingham and others. \n\nIn the year 1847 Rocheport had five dry goods stores and several \nsaddler, tailor and blacksmith shops, together with a large number ot \nmechanics and persons in other branches of industry, and had a popu- \nlation of 450. The next year, 1848, the census showed the popula- \ntion to be 476. In 1849 the number of inhabitants had increased to \nnearly 600. Some of the business men of the place in 1849 were A. \nL. Robinson, T. H. Ready, John W. Harris, Moses U. Payne, George \n\nKnox, Jas. H. Parker, Thomas Walker, Ballentine and Out- \n\ncalt. In the year 1850 Mr. H. S. Chalmers had a flourishing school \nin the place. During the year 1849, about fifty steamboats were \nmaking regular trips up the Missouri as high as Rocheport, and fifty- \nseven boats made 500 landings in that year, and a great deal of busi- \nness was transacted at this point. Many tons of hemp, corn, wheat, \ntobacco and other produce were shipped weekly, and large quantities \nof rnerchandise were put ofi", some for towns in Boone and Howard \ncounties, but the most for localities far north in the interior. \n\nCHOLERA IN ROCHEPORT. \n\nIn 1833, Asiatic cholera first visited Rocheport and carried off a \nprominent citizen, Mr. Parker by name. \n\nIn 1849 cholera again visited Rocheport. Several cases occurred. \nAlexander Graver,^ the driver of the stage from Rocheport to Colum- \nbia, came near being buried alive. He was attacked with cholera and \nto all appearances died. His coffin had been prepared and full prep- \n\n\n\n1 The name is also remembered as O\'Connell, who afterwards married a Miss- \nJanuary. \n\n\n\n1002 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\naratioiis made for his burial, when a Dr. Buster discovered signs of \nlife, and by dint of fresh blisters, vigorous rubbing, etc., restored the \nalleged " corpse " to full animation. \n\nIn July, 1852, the scourge again visited the place and there were \nmany deaths. Among them were Miss Jane Morrison, Mary Litch- \nlyter, Mrs. Shanks, Thos. A. Taylor, John Harris, John A. Hadwin, \ntwo of Taylor\'s negroes, a negro belonging to Taylor & Jackmau, and \nsome children. Through fear and in consequence of the intense ex- \ncitement, the dead and dying were frequently abandoned by their \nnearest relatives and friends. As is reported, in twenty-one days, \nduring the prevalence of the dread contagion, Henry Tumy, R. G. \nLyell, and four or five others buried twenty-three victims of cholera \nand of the measles, which latter disease was also in the place at the \nsame time. \n\nFrom 1850 to 1860 the town did a good business and flourished \nvery fairly. It had become known far and near for years and at- \ntracted to it many individuals. The building of the North Missouri \nrailroad affected the prosperity of the place no little. Goods began \nto be shipped into the county by rail instead of by river, and the \ncommercial interests of the town sustained material injury thereby. \nThe iron horse has always been the mortal enemy of the steamboat, \nand in most cases the victor in every contest. The river towns \nhave suffered of late years and the railroad towns have flourished. \n\nDURING THE CIVIL WAR. \n\nThe population of Rocheport at the beginning of the civil war was \nlargely in sympathy with the Southern or Confederate cause, and so \nfar as can be known did not change its sentiments. It furnished a \nconsiderable number of men for the Confederate army and some for \nthe Federal service. Of the latter, Robt. G. Lyell was adjutant of \nthe 61st Enrolled Missouri Militia, and Major on the staff of Gen. J. \nB. Douglass. \n\nThe first Federal troops in Rocheport were a portion of Gen. Lyon\'s \ncommand, who landed, when on their way to Boonville, the day be- \nfore the battle at that place, June 17, 1861. \n\nThe Federals occupied the town from time to time with a garrison. \nIn 1863-4, the bushwhackers made frequent visits to the place. Bill \nAnderson\'s guerillas came so often that that they called Rocheport \n*\' our capital." The people were between hawk and buzzard. The \nFederals plundered them and the bushwhackers robbed them. On \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. ^ 1003 \n\none occasion, Anderson\'s men had barely left the town when the \nFederals entered. \n\nEarly in October, 1864, when Lt. Col. Matthews of the 3d Cavalry, \nM. S. M., was m command at Rocheport, Maj. Leonard\'s command, \nof the 9th M. S. M., entered the town. A boat loaded with Fisk\'s \nmen was also lying at the wharf. A fire broke out on Main Street and \ndestroyed one of the principal blocks and a part of another. As soon \nas the fire was discovered Col. Matthews ordered out a strong pro- \nvost guard and sent every other soldier to his quarters, and then en- \ndeavored to check the flames. There was no pillaging and all disorder \nwas repressed, and Col. Matthews won golden opinions from the peo- \nple for his exemplary conduct. The fire was probably .set out by \nsome of the Federal soldiers, but just by whom cannot be learned. \n\nNot loilg afterwards some of the bushwhackers came into town and \nset fire to the fine public school building, and it was burned to the \nground. The building was valued at $6,000 or $7,000, and was a fine \nstructure. One statement is to the effect that but one man was con- \ncerned in the burning of the school-house, a member of Anderson\'s \ncompany, who crossed the river and applied the torch one night. \n\nBUSHWHACKER RAIDS. \n\nThe first " bushwhacker raid " as it was called, of any note, was \nmade about the first of October, 1863, when twenty-five or thirty \n\nbushwhackers, the leading characters among whom it is said were \n\nPuUiam, John Brown, Russ. Palmer, and Turner, came into town \n\nand shook it up considerably. Several stores were robbed. Messrs. \nClayton & Wilcox, Harris & Hubbard, A. & M. Earth, and H. \nTumy were the principal losers. \n\nIn the spring or early summer of 1864, Anderson\'s guerillas made \ntheir appearance in Rocheport, and until late in the following fall con- \ntinued to visit the town quite frequently. Indeed they soon estab- \nlished friendly, if not confidential, relations with many of the citizens, \nand were on fair terms with nearly everybody. They took a great \ndeal of property in one way or another from the people, and caused \n-some of them to pay $3,500, but so long as nobody was killed, the \ncitizens considered that they had escaped very well. \n\nTHE " BUrriNGTON " AFFAIR. \n\nOn Tuesday night, August 30, 1864, the steamer Buffington, a boat \nemployed in transporting supplies to the State Penitentiary, and com- \n\n\n\n1004 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmanded by Capt. Thos. Waterman, came up to Kocheport and landing \njust above town was captured by Bill Anderson and his band of bush- \nwhackers. Capt. Waterman was killed and an employe of the boat \nbadly wounded. By orders of Anderson the boat steamed up and \ncrossed over to the Cooper county side, when the guerillas landed, \nwent into the interior and robbed many of the farmers of money, \nprovisions and horses. When they returned they compelled the boat \nto recross them to the north bank of the river, and then retired into \nthe Howard county timber. \n\nThe citizens of Rocheport were wholly irresponsible for the capture \nof the boat and the killing of Capt. Waterman, but from representa- \ntions made to Gen. Rosecraus, then in command of this department, \nthat oiEcer could not see it in that light, and issued the following \n\nord\'er : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nspecial order no. 159. \n\nHeadquarters Department of the Missouri, \\ \nSt, Louis, Mo., September 1, 1864. / \n\nThe general commanding, satisfied tliat tlie citizens of the town of Rocheport, Boone \ncounty, Missouri, have countenanced, tolerated, and fed, if not encouraged, gangs of bush- \nwhackers and other outlaws for the last sis weeks, and being apprised that a gang of these \nvillains, in open daylight, shot and murdered Thomas Waterman, the only support of a \nwidowed mother and two sisters, on the steamer Buffington, at the landing of said town, \norders that the sum of ten thousand dollars be collected from the disloyal citizens of Roche-^ \nport, and paid to the chief quartermaster of the department for the use of the widow and \nsisters of said Waterman. The district commander is charged with the execution of this or- \nder. By command of Major General Rosecrans. \nO. D. Greene, Asst. Adj. Gen. and Chief of Staff. \n\nIt was a hard tax, this $10,000, upon the " disloyal " citizens of \nRocheport at this time, but the amount was afterwards reduced one- \nhalf by Gen. Rosecrans, and the remaining $5,000 assessed to the dis- \nloyal citizens of Moniteau township, Howard county. Only about \n$3,500 was ever collected, the remainder being remitted by the com- \nmander-in-chief upon representations of the loyalty of those assessed. \nIf culpability in the affair had been the test of the assessment, and the \nproportion of guilt the measure of each citizen, s share, perhaps not \nfifteen cents would have been demanded from the people of the town- \nship. They were no more responsible for the firing on the steamer \nthan the people of any other part of the county or State. But war \nsometimes places its burdens very unequally. \n\nA guerrilla named Tuck Hill, of Johnson county, is said to have \nbeen the one that killed Capt. Waterman, at least he robbed the \nbody. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1005 \n\nATTACK ON THE STEAMER " YELLOWSTONE." \n\nOn Monday, September 5, 1864, the steamer Yellowstone was fired \ninto at Eocheport, while passing down, by Anderson\'s band . The guer- \nrillas followed the boat some distance down the river, keeping up an \nineifectual fire on it, with their revolvers. At last the Yellowstone \nstopped in the channel, and appearances indicated that she had sur- \nrendered. Two of Anderson\'s men, Harvey Eucker and Jim Ander- \nson, were sent to the boat to bring it into shore. A citizen, James \nLewis, was pressed in to row the skifi". As the party reached the boat \nKucker attempted to climb aboard when some of the crew fired on him, \nstriking him in the arm and thigh. He fell back into the skiff, which \nwas hastily rowed ashore, and the boat went on to Jefferson City. \nAnderson was greatly enraged at the failure to capture the boat, and \nthe wounding of one of his best men. Eucker\' s arm was so badly \nshattered that it had to be amputated. \n\nAfter Eucker had been brought ashore, a young lad named James \nW. Lyons, now a merchant in Columbia, who had been pressed into \nthe service of the guerrillas as a guide, by Jim Carter and some other \nbushwhackers, attempted to return to his home in Missouri township. \nIt is proper to let Mr. Lyons himself tell the story of what followed. \nHe says : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nI had permission from Carter, on arriving at Rocheport, to return home, but was not al- \nlowed to pass outside of the picket lines, and had made up my mind to remain in town until \nAnderson should leave. As I was passing Smith\'s Hotel, near the river, one of his men (who \nwas a personal enemy of mine) standing near, told Anderson that I was going home, and \nalso represented that I was deserting them. Anderson then asked me where I was going. \nI told him I was going home, and attempted to explain why, informing him that I had not \njoined his command or signified any such intention, and could substantiate the fact by Capt. \nJames Carter. "Whereupon, without any provocation whatever, he seized a chair that was \nnear by and struck at me. I caught the chair and held it. He then drew his revolver and \nstruck at me, which blow I managed also to ward oflF. Just at this junction Uncle Benj. \nMead, who knew me, and knew the circumstances under which I was at Rocheport, seized \nAnderson and told me to run, but I was told by one of Anderson\'s men (whom I never sav/ \nbefore or since) that if I ran he would kill me. At this moment Capt. Emery came to my \nrescue, and caught the party who ordered me to remain, and Emery also told me to run. I \nran through the hall of the hotel into the back yard, and, having lost my hat in the encoun- \nter, ran through Henry Smith\'s house, snatched up an old hat of his, and made directly for \nthe river bank, which I knew would conceal me from any one in town, and in this way \nmade my escape. \n\nSINCE THE WAR. \n\nThe close of the civil war found Eocheport scarred and blackened, \nand considerably prostrated in every. It " picked up " slowly for a \nconsiderable length of time, but gradually became quiescent, in which \n\n\n\n1006 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncondition it has remained for some years. It is still, and bids fair \nlong to be, the chief river town in the county, and during the warm \nmonths heavier shipments of grain and stock are made from here on \nsteamboats than from all other ports in the county. The town is con- \nnected by telegraph with the outward world, and a stage runs daily \nto Columbia. The population in 1870 was 823 ; in 1880 \'it was 728. \nThe present population is estimated at about seven hundred, of which \nabout two hundred and fifty are colored. \n\nUntil quite recently Rocheport has been an extensive shipping point \nfor leaf f,tobacco. In 1870 Col. E. A Caskil established himself in the \ntobacco trade, and for some years shipped annually from two hundred \nto one thousand hogsheads of leaf tobacco to Liverpool and Bristol, \nEngland, and to Glasgow, Scotland. The shipments were increased \nor diminished as the crops were large or moderate. Mr. Caskil has a \nfactory capable of handling 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco annually. . \n\nTHE RIOT OF APRIL 1, 1882. \n\nOn the evening of the 1st of April, 1882, Jim Mitchell, a drunken \nnegro, assaulted Mr. Marion Wyatt, of near Rocheport, and was \npromptly knocked down. " Gen." Wilhite, another negro with a \nnotoriously bad reputation, together with some other colored loafers,, \ncame to Mitchell\'s assistance and attacked Mr. Wyatt, who drew his \nrevolver, and, without firing, drove his assailants across the street. \nThe negroes, to the number of about twenty-five of the most aban- \ndoned class, gathered near the post-office and acted in a very turbu- \nlent and threatening manner. The marshal, Thos. J. White, calling \nto his aid some other white men, notified them to disperse or they \nwould be arrested and imprisoned. All left but two or three, among \nwhom was Bill Barber, who, more daring (or drunker), remained. \nWhen again warned to disperse, Barber attempted to strike the mar- \nshal with a stone. The latter drew his pistol and fired at the negro, \nbut in the darkness missed. All of the negroes now left. \n\nQuite a crowd of white citizens gathered in front of Chambers Bros. \n& Co.\'s store, and, believing that the negroes had been effectually \nquieted, and wholly unsuspicious of any danger, were quietly dis- \ncussing the episode that had passed. The front of the store was of \nglass, and the interior of the building, being brilliantly lighted, the \nsidewalk was as bright and light as day. Suddenly, from a dark \nalley on the opposite side of the street, came a volley from pistols \nand shot-guns, and several citizens were severely and one seriously \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1007 \n\nwounded. The windows of the store were riddled with shot, and it \nWHS remarkable that no one was killed and that no more were \nwounded. As soon as possible the whites procured arms, and, organ- \nizing, fired at the place where they supposed the negroes to be, but, \nowing; to the darkness and the fact that most of the rioters had dis- \npersed, none of them were hit. \n\nExcitement ran very high during the remainder of the night. The \nnegroes were drunk and were yelling about their haunts, and the \nwhites expected the attack to be renewed every minute. A strong \nforce of whites was kept under arms throughout the night. It \nchanced that Dr. Jackman was the only surgeon in town at the time, \nand he was kept busy the rest of the night attending to the wounded \n\'Indeed, it was some time after daylight before all the wounds were \nexamined and dressed. In all of its history, including the period of \n. the civil war, Rocheport had never passed such a night of terror. \n\nOn Sunday morning early the authorities began to move. Marshal \nEvans and Constable Barton arrested " Gen." Wilhite, Bill Barber,^ \nJack Booth, Ed. Washington, Benton McClure, Jim Bellons, Russ. \nFoster, Jim Beatty and Wm. Watts, on a warrant charging them \nwith assault with intent to kill. The next morning the prosecuting \nattorney changed the charge to assault and battery. The prisoners \nwere tried before Justice Scobee, convicted, and all but Foster, Beatty \nand Watts were fined and imprisoned in the county jail. Afterward \nthe imprisoned, together with Alex. Gaw and Tom Steele, were in- \ndicted at the April term of court, 1882, tried in a few days thereafter, \nand, with the exceptions of Mitchell and Washington, all were con- \nvicted of assault with intent to kill, and sentenced to terms in the \npenitentiary of from two to seven years. \n\nTOWN GOVERNMENT. \n\nMayor, Thos. Chapman; clerk, Wesley Scobee; treasurer, W. E. \nT. Waddell ; marshal, David Barton ; assessor, A. G. Norris ; council, \nHenry Williams, John S. Clayton, W. E. Waddell, Wesley Scobee, \nThos, Chapman. \n\nPUBLIC SCHOOLS. \n\nThe number of school children within the corporation is about 260^ \nand of these 120 are colored. The white-school building is a brick,. \n40x60 feet in area, and three stories high. The upper story is occu- \npied by the Masonic and Odd Fellows\' lodges. The school is graded \nand divided into three departments. About nine months of school \n\n\n\n1008 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nper year is the present average. No building is owned by the district \nthat is occupied as a colored school. One is rented whenever the \noccasion demands. \n\nCEMETERY. \n\nThe Rocheport cemetery originally contained but one acre, but it \nwas afterward extended to twice that area. It is beautifully located \non a hill overlooking the town. The ground is nicely fenced and well \nkept, and therein, sleeping their last sleep, lie many of the pioneer \ncitizens of the neighborhood, the founders of Rocheport, and the \nbuilders up of the country round about. \n\nCHURCHES M. E. CHURCH ( SOUTH ) . \n\nThis congregation of worsnippers was organized in 1835 with about \nfifteen or twenty members, all of whom jhave passed a\'vay with the \nravasfes of relentless time, or moved far in the distance to make their \nhomes elsewhere. There are no records of sufficient age to give a \nhistory of the church, and very little definite information can be ob- \ntained. The church building, a large brick with spire and bell, was \nerected m 1844. It still stands and answers the church as a place \nof worship. Rev. William Rush is the " circuit rider," and holds \nservices there one Sabbath in each month. The membership numbers \nthirty-five. \n\nCHRISTIAN CHURCH. \n\nThe church of Christ at Rocheport was organized in 1837 with \nabout twenty members, the only one of whom now living is Mrs. \nAnna Wheeler, wife of Henderson Wheeler, who still resides in the \ntown. The following were among the constitutional or first members : \nThomas Hart, wife and daughter; John B. Hill and w^ife ; Porter \nJackman and wife ; Dr. Buster ; Mrs. Adams and Mrs. Amanda \nWheeler. The first pastor was Thomas B. Allen. They built a brick \nhouse of worship in 1845, with spire and bell, the dimensions of the \nbuilding being 35x50 feet, with a fifteen foot ceiling. The edifice \nstill stands and is in good repair. They have a membership of 113, \nand a flourishing Sabbath school, with about fifty children attending. \nAt this writing, Mr. E. C. Gill is pastor in charge, and resides in \nRocheport. Dr. W. A. Jackman, J. W. Morris and J. W. Champion \nare elders ; and J. A. Chambers, J. H. Chambers, C. M. Patterson \nand J. M. Hern are deacons. The other oflacials are T. M. Nichol- \nson, clerk; R. W. Hubbard, Sabbath school superintendent, and C. \nM. Patterson, Sabbath school clerk. As full a historv cannot be given \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BaONE COUNTY. 1009 \n\nas this church merits, owing to the fact that some of the records \nhave been lost or destroyed. \n\nTHE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH \n\nWas organized June 3, 1839, under the pastorate of Rev. R. L. Mc- \nAfee. The original members were Rollin Lyman, Temple E. Bell \nand Mary Bell (his wife), Miss Mary Lientz, Mrs. Reuben Parker, \nMrs. Mary Gaw, Mrs. Mary Leintz, and Mrs. Ellen Knox. They \nbuilt a church in 1845, which was burnt during the war, February 20, \n1865. They have never re-built, neither had any regular pastor. \n\nBAPTIST CHURCH. \n\nThe Baptist Church of Christ was organized at Rocheport in July, \n1851. The original record of that date reads as follows : "A meet- \ning was held in the Presbyterian meeting house in the town of Roche- \nport to take into consideration the propriety of organizing a -Baptist \nchurch. After sermon by T, C. Harris, Rev. F. Wilhite was called \nto the chair, and Bro. A. J. Barnes was elected clerk jpro. tern. A \ncommittee previously appointed consisting of Ira E. Barnes and John \nF. Calvert to ascertain and report the names of persons desirous to \ngo into such organization, presented the following namfes, viz. : C. N. \nWorthington, Ira E. Barnes, John F. Calvert and lad}^ Martin Cal- \nvert and lady, Tom Cooper, lady and daughter, Silas Tipton, Mrs. \nWilson, Mrs. Lyell, Mrs. Cornelius, Mrs. Lewis, Mrs. Gentry, Mrs. \nPharris, Sidney Elliott, E. McClelland and lady and John L. Lewis. \nOn motion of Bro. Ira E. Barnes it was unanimously agreed to o-o \ninto the organization of a church to be called the United Baptist Church \nof Jesus Christ in Rocheport." After adopting a "declaration of \nfaith and church covenant," they " on motion, adjourned to meet on \nthe 3d Saturday in August, 1851." \n\nThe records show the election of pastors as follows : Rev. Robert \nHarris, 1853 ; J. M. Robinson, 1855 ; X. X. Buckner, 1856 ; T. M. \nJohnson, 1858 ; R. H. Harris, 1860 ; Noah Flood, 1863 ; J. D. \nMurphy, 1866 ; William Tipton, 1872 ; E. D. Isbell, 1876 ; M. L. \nLaws, 1877 ; N. T. Allison, 1878 ; J. S. Parmer, 1879 ; J. B. Stark, \n1882. From the time of its organization till 1861, they held church \nservices in the Presbyterian church ; in that year they built a church, \nwhich was dedicated to God\'s service by Rev R. H. Harris, in June, \n1861. The present pastor is Rev. J. B. Stark, who preaches once a \n64 \n\n\n\n1010 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmonth. The congregation now numbers a membership of fifteen \nsouls. \n\nCIVIC SOCIETIES. MASONIC LODGE. \n\nThe Eocheport lodge, No. 67, of A. F. and A. M., is, perhaps, the \nmost venerable secret institution in the town, and was organized as \nlong ago as October 20, 1843. The only names remembered of char- \nter members are George Knox, William Reid, and William E. Harris^ \nwho, after organization of the lodge, were chosen its first worthy Mas- \nter, senior warden and junior warden, respectively. The reason so \nlittle of the early history of the lodge is accessible, is the fact that \ntheir hall was destroyed by fire m 1865, and all of their \nrecords, books and papers lost. For that reason, much that \nwould be both valuable and interesting will necessarily have \nto be omitted. The present officers are : W. Scobee, W. \nM. ; J. M. McKee, S. W. ; J. H. Lowrey, J. W. ; H. Tumey, Treas. ; \nChas. Myer, Sec. ; J. W. Bell, S. D. ; C. M. Patterson, J. D. ; H. \nF. Williams, Tyler. None of these are grand lodge officers. The \nhall they now own was built in 1868, and is a good brick structure \nerected at a cost of $2,400. The membership is in number 38, and \nthe lodge is in a thriving and harmonious condition. \n\nODD FELLOWS. \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 The Boone lodge, No. 121,1. O. O. F , was instituted by John \nMcFarland, and their charter was received in 1858. The charter \nmembers were Ferry Eockwell, James Bradley, Thomas H. Bowen, \nMoses Barth, Solomon Sticknell. The first officers were James Brad- \nley, noble grand ; Thomas H. Bowen, vice grand; J. S. Clayton, \nsecretary; Moses Barth, treasurer ; T. Waddell, O. and I. guard. \nThe present officers are Charles Myer. N. G. ; Fielding Tin- \ndall, V. G. ; A. G. Norris, Sec. ; John Dodson, Treas. ; J. S. Clay- \nton, W. ; M. D. Lewis, conductor, and James O\'Howell, guard. \nThere are no grand lodge officers of this lodge. The present mem- \nbership is thirty-three. They built a brick hall in 1868, which cost \n$2,000. The lodge is reported in a prosperous condition. \n\nGOOD TEMPLARS. \n\nRocheport Lodge, No. 147, I. O. G. T., was organized July 28th, \n1870, the first officers being:\xe2\x80\x94 Chas. Myer, W. C. T. ; M. E. Root, \nW. V. T. ; H. C. Mooth, Sec. ; D. H. Root, P. W. C. T. The char- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1011 \n\nter-members were Rev. D. H. Root, Sarah Tumy, Jennie Root, Mary \nRoot, Chas. Myer, H. C. Mooth, H. Tumy, Mollie Burkhardt, Mary \nJones, William Hill, Robert Boyze, John Scobee, J. L. Root, Ann \nRoot, Ora Root, and Sallie Wheeler. The present officers are J. W. \nChampion, W. C. T. ; Clara Dodson, W. V. T. ; Geo. Hill, R. S. ; \nH. A. Henley, F. S. ; H. A. Roberts, M. ; Mrs. Henley, I. G. ; H. \nC. Mooth, O. G. ; J. R. Robinson, S. D. Number of members, 40. \n\nUNITED WOKKMEN. \n\nRocheport Lodge, No. 81, of the A. O. U. W., was instituted by \nJohn A. Brooks, both charter and dispensation bearing date of Octo- \nber 9th, 1875. The names of charter members are : R. W. Hubbard, \nJohn E. Miller, O. J. Miller, T. M. Nicholson, Charles Myer, Henry \nHall, Sylvester Calvert, U. Baldwin, S. P. Scobee, W. E. Mabry, \nand Robert White. The first officers were \xe2\x80\x94 Robert White, P. M. W. ; \nO. J. Miller, M. W. ; R. W. Hubbard, G. F. ; T. M. Nicholson, O. ; \nChas. Myer, Recorder; Henry Hall, Financier, J. E. Miller, Re- \nceiver ; S. P. Scobee, Guide ; U. Baldwin, I. W. ; J. S. Palmer, \nO. W. The names of the present officers are : John Scobee, M. W. ; \nJames O\'Howell, P. M. W. ; W. F. Potts, Recorder; A. G. Norris, \nFinancier; R. W. Hubbard, Receiver; James Bradley, I. W. ; F. M. \nNicholson, O. W. ; Wesley Scobee, Guide ; Peter Fine, G. F. They \nhave a membership of forty, but as yet own no lodge building, hold- \ning their meetings in a rented hall. \n\nBUSINESS INTERESTS OF ROCHEPORT. \n\nNewspapers. \xe2\x80\x94 The first paper published in Rocheport was the \nTimes, by Isaac N. Houck in 1868 and 1869. In 1872 F. B. Bysfield \nestablished the Enterprise, which was discontinued in 1873. The \nRocheport Commercial was started in 1879. It is still published, and \ndoes excellent work for the town. J. W. McQuitty is the present \neditor and proprietor. \n\nBank. \xe2\x80\x94 The Rocheport Bank has a cash capital of $10,000, and \nits deposits amount to about $100,000 annually. Present officers : \nL. Grossman, president; F. E. Carr, cashier; L. Grossman, David \nPipes, W. B. Hunt, T. H. Winterbower, F. E. Carr, directors. \n\nMills. \xe2\x80\x94 The Boone County Star grist mills grind about 150,000 \nbushels annually. They have four run of burrs. About 15,000 \nbarrels of first-class flour are annually shipped to St. Louis. The \nmills are owned by a company, ot which W. T. Anderson is president ; \n\n\n\n1012 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nDavid Pipes, vice president; J. S. Clayton, secretary and superin- \ntendent, and F. E. Carr, treasurer. \n\nThe Moniteau saw and grist mills, J. W. Champion, proprietor, \nwere established in 187.5. They have three run of burrs, do a large \nlocal trade and custom work, grinding severa thousand bushels an- \nnually. The saw-mill has a capacity for sawing 2,500 feet of lum- \nber daily. \n\nMiscellaneous. \xe2\x80\x94 The oldest business man in the place is Henry \nTumy, dealer in saddles and harness, who began business in 1842. \nThen comes W. E. T. Waddell, hardware dealer and tinner ; estab- \ntablished in 1853. The oldest mechanic is Henderson Wheeler, a \nblacksmith, who has struck while the iron was hot since 1838. \nHubbard, Prince & Co. and J. A. Barth ship annually thousands \nupon thousands of bushels of wheat and other grain. \n\nThe Rocheport pottery was originally established by John Cranson, \nin 1844. W. H. Williamson & Son, the present proprietors, took \ncharge in 1860. The establishment turns out 50,000 gallons of an \nexcellent quality of stoneware every year. \n\nThe physicians are Dr. William J. Jackman (1873), Bramlitt & \nLewis (1882) and E. H. Chinn (1882). Dr. T. M. Nicholson, den- \ntist, has been established since 1871. \n\n\n\nBIOGKAPHIES, \nJAMES DABNY ARNETT. \n\nJames D. Arnett was born in Louisa county, Virginia, near Louisa \ncourt-house. May 8th, 1830, where he was raised on the farm, continu- \ning in that business until he came to Missouri in 1857. He lived \nwith his uncle, T. E. Daniel, near Midway, and farmed his place on \nthe shares until his death in 1869 and continued to manao-e the farm \nfor his aunt until her death in 1879, when he purchased the place of \ntheir administrators. At this writing Mr. Arnett, is unmarried. In \n1864 he was drafted by the Federal authorities but was detailed as a \ncarpenter and served as such until the close of the war. He is a \nmember of the Locust Grove, Methodist church, and steward and \nSunday school superintendent. He has been a member of the church \nsince 1850. \n\nWILLIAM F. ANGELL. \n\nWilliam F. Angell was born on the old Reuben Elliott homestead, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1013 \n\nOctober 18th 1846. He is the son of Joseph and Margaret (Elliott) \nAngell. His father having died when he was an infant, his mother \nremained with her father, the late Eeuben Elliott. He was brought \nup on the farm and educated at the Eocheport and Walnut Grove \nacademies. He began business for himself when eighteen, cultivating \nrented land. In 1871 he purchased his grandfather\'s farm \xe2\x80\x94 the old \nElliott homestead \xe2\x80\x94 where he has remained ever since. He was mar- \nried, December 14, 1871, to Miss Luella, daughter of Willis G. \nEvans, of Boone county. They have two children, William E. and \nMcClelland. Mr. Angell is a member of the Walnut Grove Baptist \nchurch. \n\nMOSES BARTH. \n\nThe subject of this sketch, one of the leading commercial men of \nthe county, is a foreign born gentleman, a native of Illingen, Ger- \nmany, born October 24th, 1824. Though Prussian born, he is of \npure Hebrew extraction, and is the son of Michael and Sarah Barth. \nHe was reared and educated in his native city and learned the business \nof cattle dealer and money exchanger, which was his vocation, and \ncontinued in the business with his fother till he came to America in \n1847. Arriving at New York, June 15th, of that year, he proceeded \nto Philadelphia and supplied himself with a stock of goods which he \n" peddled " out to advantage in Berks and Lancaster counties, Penn- \nsylvania. He then came to Missouri and was similarly engaged in \nBoone and Howard counties, making his headquarters at Fayette. \nHe then became associated with his brother in the dry goods business, \nand they operated as both local and itinerant merchants till 1850. In \nthat year, without severing his connection with his brother, Moses \nmade a trip over the plains to the gold fields of California, where he \nremained about two years, engaged principally m quartz- mining. He \nsailed from San Francisco to New Orleans, arriving there in the fall \nof. 1852. There he fell sick with a fever, which prostrated him for \nsome ten weeks. He had the good fortune, however, to find a friend \nin an old-country acquaintance, to whom Mr. Barth is much indebted \nfor kindness during that long illness among strangers. The friend\'s \nname was Philip Marx. Keturning to Fayette, he found that Alex- \nander Greenabaum had bought into the firm during his absence. This \nfirm\' in 1853, started a branch house at Eocheport, and Moses was \nplaced in charge of it. The Barths wound up their affairs with \nGreenabaum in 1856, and centered their business at Eocheport. \nTwo years later, they opened a branch store at Columbia, the \n\n\n\n1014 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbrother assuming charge. Thus they continued till 1869. In \n1863-4 they handled tobacco quite extensively, and also estab- \nlished a shirt factory in Philadelphia. Rocheport was burned \nby Federals in 1864, and their loss in buildings, merchan- \ndise and tobacco was almost a fortune in itself. Besides the firm\'s \nlosses, Moses lost some $7,000 in slave property by their eman- \ncipation. They managed to get rebuilt in 1866, when A. Victor and \nH. W. Myer became associated with the firm, and the company thus \ncontinued till disasters overtook them in 1869. These reverses, \ncoupled with their losses by the war, forced them into bankruptcy. \nBeing released thereby from all indebtedness, Mr. B. was enabled to \nstart up again by the assistance of friends, and is now doing an exten- \nsive business in the mercantile line, and is a large shipper of grain, \nwool, and general produce. On March 21, 1855, Mr. Barth married \nMiss Minnie, daughter of Isaac L. Arnold, of Philadelphia. They \nhave seven children : Joseph (in business with His father) ; Nettie, wife \nof Victor Barth, of Columbia; Linda, wife of S. Hanauer, of Bis- \nmark, D. T. ; Pauline A. ; Carrie ; Isadore A. ; Sadie A. Mr. Barth \nis a member of Boone lodge No. 121, I. O. O. F. at Rocheport, \nand is also a demitted Mason. \n\nDAVID C. BARTON. \n\nVras born on a farm in Audrain county, Missouri, February 1, 1848, \nwhere he continued to reside with his parents until he was twenty- \ntwo years old. He then began learning the blacksmith trade with his \nfather, and after working one year, went to Paris, Monroe county, \nand there did journey work for nearly a year. He worked for other \nmen as a journeyman for some time and in various places, till he \nfinally opened a shop of his own in Perry, Ralls county, Missouri. In \n1877, he sold out there and went to Howard county, and started \na shop at White\'s store, where he remained one year and again sold \nout. Opening out another place in same county, he operated till \n1880, when he went to Nevada City, Vernon county, and there car- \nried on blacksmithing till he came to Rocheport, in Boone county, in \nthe fall of 1881. Here he purchased property, but engaged in no special \nbusiness till 1882, when he was elected city "marshal of Rocheport, \nwhich position he holds at this writing. Mr. Barton, Avhen a hoj, \nwitnessed the famous " Centralia massacre," when Anderson and his \nguerrillas captured and killed a train load of Federals. Before Mr. \n^ rton became marshal, Rocheport had been for some time afiiicted \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1015 \n\nwith a lawless class of negroes who frequently disturbed the quiet of \nthat staid old place ; but has effectually suppressed that class and has \nthem under thorough control. He was the man who arrested the \ntwelve notorious " nigs " after the " Kocheport riots " in 1882, eight \nof whom were sent to the penitentiary. (See history of town of \nRocheport). Mr. Barton certainly deserves the thanks of the citizens \nof that place for the effectual way in which he has restored order. He \nwas married, March 6th, 1870, to Miss Maggie Slough, of Cumber- \nland City, Maryland. Mr. and Mrs. Barton are Baptists, but not \nconnected with any church. He is very abstemious in his habits, not \neven using tobacco ; and he has been a " teetotaler " all his life, and \na member of the I. O. G. T. for eight years. He has held the posi- \ntion of Worthy Templar for several years, and was for one term \nlodge deputy, under autliority of the Grand Lodge of Missouri. \n\nUGENUS BALDWIN. \n\nCapt. Ugenus Baldwin was born in Shelby county, Indiana, near \nShelbyville, the county seat, February 16th, 1833. When he was \nfour years old his parents removed to Missouri and settled in Boone \n\xe2\x80\xa2county, seven miles southeast of Rocheport, where he was raised, \nremaining with his parents until he reached manhood. In 1854, when \nin his twenty-first year, he went to Buchanan county, where he \nengaged in teaching for one year. Returning home he attended La- \nthrop Academy for two sessions, afterwards resuming his profession, \nteaching in Moniteau, Boone, Cooper and Howard counties. He enlisted, \nAugust llth, 1861, in the Confederate army, under Capt. James \nWatson and Col. John B. Clark. He was made second lieutenant \nand served for six months, part of the time as captain of the com- \npany. In 1862 he entered the regular Confederate service. In April \nof that year he joined Company C, 6th Infantry, and in September \nfollowing was made third lieutenant, rising by promotion to the office \nof first lieutenant, which place he held until the close of the war. He \nwas in many battles, the most important being Lexington, Pea Ridge, \nVicksburg, Corinth, luka and Port Gibson. His command was \ncaptured at Vicksburg and exchanged in the winter of 1863-64, \nbecoming a part of the second and sixth regiments, Missouri Infantry. \nHe held the position of first lieutenant in the re-organization. He next \nparticipated in the battles of New Hope Church, Kenesaw Mountain, \nand a series of skirmishes from New Hope Church to Atlanta. From \nAtlanta he was sent by Gen. Hood Avith one hundred men to operate \n\n\n\n1016 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nin the rear of Sherman\'s army, as the latter was marching on that \ncity. At the battle of Franklin he had command of the infirmary corps, \nand was employed in burying the dead and removing the wounded \nfrom the battle field. In December of that year he was made provost \nmarshal of Cockerell\'s brigade, which position he held until his com- \nmand was captured in Alabama, April 9th, 1865. They were kept \nprisoners until the close of the war. Mr. Baldwin remained in Mis- \nsissippi for one year after the close of the war, engaged in teaching. \nHe returned to Boone county in 1868 and went to farming, teaching: \nschool of winters. Mr. Baldwin was married in the fall of 1868 to \nMiss Laura, daughter of William Allen, of Boone county, after which \nhe purchased the farm where he now resides. He farms during the \nsummer and teaches of winters, They have four children : Minnie \nLee, Lillie May, Emmett Allen and Mattie Pearl, all of whom are \nliving with their parents. Mr. and Mrs. Baldwin are members of the \nMount Nebo Methodist church. He is also a member of the Roche- \nport lodge of Ancient Order United Workmen. In 1874 he was ap- \npointed a magistrate to fill a vacancy, after which he was elected ta \nthe office and has held the position ever since. \n\nTHOMAS COLTER BARNES. \n\nThomas C. Barnes was born in Old Franklin, Howard county, \nMissouri, May 27th, 1819. He is the son of James and Nancy \n(Colter) Barnes. His father died when he was but three years old \nand his mother removed to Boone county, settling on a farm near \nColumbia. He remained at home with his mother until 1835, when, \nin his sixteenth year, he went to Columbia to learn the saddler\'s \ntrade, serving under James Eichardson. He remained in the shop \nfour years and a half. During this time he attended school six \nmonths. He afterwards went to school five months at his own ex- \npense. In 1840 he began farming as a renter and so continued for \nfive years, when he bought the farm he now occupies, which then \ncontained 160 acres, situated five and one-half miles northwest of \nColumbia. He has added to this by subsequent purchases, and now \nowns 240 acres. Mr. Barnes has been twice married. His second \nwife was Miss Susan Davenport, of Boone county. He has ten \nchildren, five by each wife. The children by the first marriage are \nMargaret U.,wife of John Davenport, of Boone county; James S., a \nfarmer in Audrain county ; Amanda, wife of Richard F. Farthing, of \nAudrain county ; William H., of Audrain county, and Mary, wife of \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1017 \n\nEdward Farthing, of Audrain. By his second wife: John G., on \nthe homestead ; Minnie A., wife of Joseph Bennett, of Boone county ; \nDavid D., Emma Ellen and Malissa Jane, Mr. Barnes and wife are \nmembers of the Oakland Christian church. Previous to changing his \nmembership, he served as elder in the Friendship Christian church, \nfor nine years. During the war he remained neutral. Mr. Barnes \nhas always taken a deep interest in local school matters and has \nserved on the school board of his district for many years, being much \nof the time chairman of the committee. \n\nEDWARD TURNER BRAMLETT, M. D. \n\nDr. Bramlett was born in the State of Mississippi, near Verona, \nDecember 4th, 1854, and grew up in the place of his nativity. His \neducation was acquired partly in the State of his birth, at Mississippi \nCollege, in Clinton, and partly at the University of Kentucky, at \nLexington. At the age of eighteen he began the study of medicine \nunder Dr. B. H. Whitfield, professor of natural science, in the above \nfirst named college. Subsequently he attended the Louisville, Ken- \ntucky, Medical College, and graduated therefrom with the degree of \nM. D. in March, 1876. Keturning to Verona, he began the practice \nof medicine in co-partnership with B. H. Armstrong, at the same \ntime engaging in the drug business in partnership with John A. Arm- \nstrong. He remained there till 1879, when, having closed his busi- \nness and practice in that locality, he came to Boone county, Mis- \nsouri, and located atRocheport, where he resumed the practice. On \nApril 1st, 1882, he became associated with Dr. M. D. Lewis, under \nthe firm name of Bramlett & Lewis. These o-entlemen, thouoh still \nyoung men, are thoroughly educated generally, as well as specially, \nand are building up an extensive practice in Boone, Howard, Cooper \nand Moniteau counties. \n\nGEORGE EDWARD BROWN. \n\nGeorge E. Brown, blacksmith and farmer, was born near Front \nEoyal, Warren county, Virginia, February 10, 1830. His father be- \ning a blacksmith, he was brought up to that trade. He commenced \nwork in the shop when he was but ten years old. He remained with \nhis father until 1855, when he was twenty-five years old. On leaving \nhome he established a shop of his own at a place called Happy Creek, \none mile south of Front Royal. Here he worked at his trade until \n1859, when he sold out and came to Missouri. He arrived in Boone \n\n\n\n1018 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncounty in November, and established his present place of business on \nthe Rocheport and Sturgeon road, four and one-half miles northeast \nof Rocheport. In 1875 he added forming to his business of black- \nsmithing, and has labored at both occupations ever since. He has 100 \nacres of land well adapted to stock raising. He has made farming \nand the handling of stock quite profitable. Mr. Brown was married \nJanuary 3, 1856, to Miss Mary Shipe, of Warren county, Virginia. \nThey have eight living children. John William and Charles Edward \nwork in their father\'s shop. Robert Lee, Carrie Ella, Hattie, \nHenry, Rebecca and Moses are with their parents. Mrs. Brown is a \nmember of the Methodist church at Locust Grove. Li 1864, Mr. \nBrown enlisted in the Confederate army, becoming a member of \nCapt. Davenport\'s company, Shelby\'s cavalry. He remained in the \narmy until the close of the war. He is a member of the Rocheport \nlodge. No. 147, Independent Order of Good Templars. \n\nHENRY JACKSON BROWN. \n\nHenry J. Brown, farmer and stock raiser, w^as born near Front \nRoyal, Warren county, Virginia, October 7, 1845, where he lived with \nhis parents until he was seventeen years old, when he entered the \nConfederate army as a private in Company D, Forty -ninth Virginia \ninfantry, in which he served until the close of the war. He was \nin many engagements, the most important being Manassas Junc- \ntion, Seven Pines, Winchester, Sharpsburg, and the battles in the \nShenandoah Valley under Stonewall Jackson ; also Chancellorsville, \nwhere Jackson was killed. He was wounded four times. His brig- \nade finally surrendered at Appomatox Court House in 1865, when \nhe returned to the old home. He was so disabled by his wounds \nthat he was compelled to go on crutches until 1868, when he be- \ngan to work as a farm hand. In 1873 he came to Missouri, and \nstopped in Boone county. For the first eight months he worked \non the farm of John W. Harris ; then rented a farm of Fielding \nW. Smith, which he rented on shares for two seasons. In August, \n1876, he purchased the farm upon which he is now living, situated \nnear Walnut Grove church, containing 168 acres. He was mar- \nried October 7, 1869, to Miss Mary Bell, of Warren county, Vir- \nginia. They have three children : Henry Esron, born in Virginia, \nAugust 4, 1870; Mary F., born in Virginia, June 8, 1872, and \nDavid Elias, born in Boone county, March 4, 1874. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \xe2\x80\xa2 1019 \n\nFRANCIS ELLIS CARR. \n\nThis gentleman, cashier of the Eocheport Savings Bank, was born \nin Cooper county, Missouri, February 8, 1855, his parents, Dr. F. \nand Ella C. Carr being old residents of that county. He was educated \nat William Jewell College, a Baptist institution located at Liberty, \nMissouri. On leaving school at the age of eighteen, in 1873, he en- \ntered the Eocheport Bank as clerk and book-keeper, serving four \nyears in that capacity. He then removed to Sturgeon, Boone county, \nwhere he was cashier of the Sturgeon Bank for three years, up to 1880. \nEeturning then to Eocheport, he became cashier of the above named \nbank, and still acts in that capacity at this writing. Mr. Carr was \nmarried March 13, 1879, to Miss Carrie Harris, of Sturgeon, Missouri. \nThey have one child, a son named Ellis Marshall, The position Mr. \nCarr has held and still holds, as clerk and cashier of these banks, is \nfraught with a responsibility, that might be be considered a compli- \nment to a much older man than he, and the bare fact that he has \nfaithfully and honorably discharged the duties, pertaining thereto, \nstamps him already as a successful business man, while still having the \ngreatest portion and last part of his life before him. \n\nJEREMIAH W. CHAMPION. \n\nThe subject of this sketch, who at this writing is manager of the \n" Monitor Mills " of Eocheport, was born in Caldwell county, Ken- \ntucky, November 17th, 1826. His parents moved to Missouri when \nhe was two years old and settled in Howard county, where Jeremiah \nwas reared. He continued with his parents until attaining his legal \nmajority, when he left home and began life for himself. Purchasing \na farm in Howard county, near the Boone line, he owned and lived on \nit till 1856, excepting two years spent in California. In 1850, he \nrented his place, and started " across the plains " to the Eldorado of \ngold seekers. He and his father were together, and they went into \nthe butchering business at Diamond Springs. The father, Drury C. \nChampion, died there in January, 1852, and Jeremiah started home \nthe same month. Arriving in Missouri, he resumed farming on his \nplace in Howard county, remaining till 1856, when he sold out, and \nerected a steam saw-mill in partnership with his uncle, Jeremiah \nEucker, and his brother, James Champion, He bought out the in- \nterest of the others in 1858, and continued to operate the mill in dif- \nferent localities of Howard and Boone counties till June, 1875, Com- \n\n\n\n1020 . HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ning then to Rocheport, this county, he associated himself with Mr. L. \nGrossman, and they erected the fine flouring mills, known as the \n\'\'Monitor Mills, " of which Mr, Champion is still the manager, hav- \ning rented Mr. Grossman\'s interest in 1878. Mr. Champion entered \nthe state of connubial bliss, April 22d, 1848, when he was married to \nMiss Lucy A. Hill, of Boone county. They have seven living children : \nMartha Edna, wife of A. J. Turner; Clarissa B., wife of J. T. Suttles \n(Howard county) ; William Harvey ; George H> Samie D. and Lena. \nMr. C. has been a member of the Christian church since he was sixteen, \nand Mrs. C. since she was fifteen years old. All the children but two be- \nlong to the same. He is a member of Rocheport lodge. No. 67, A. F. \nand A. M., of which he is chaplain. He is also G. W. C. of Rocheport \nlodge of Good Templars. \n\nJOEL HAYDEN CHALLES. \n\nThough Mr. Challes is now a resident of Howard county, living just \nacross the line, he is a native of Boone countj\', and so thoroughly \nidentified with the former history of the county of his birth, as to de- \nserve biographical mention in this work. He was born on a farm near \nRocheport, February 7th, 1830, where he grew up and received his \neducation. He continued to make the old homestead his home till he \nwas near thirty years old. His father had died when Joel H. was \nseventeen years old, and the care of the family and the management \nof the farm was left to himself and his brother Andrew. In October, \n1864, he entered the Confederate service, in the regiment of Col. \nPerkins, in Price\'s army, and served till the war closed. He had \nmarried, in February, 1861, Miss Sallie W. Forbis, daughter of G. B. \nForbis, of Boone county. Soon after his marriage he rented the farm \nwhich he now owns and on which he resides, leaving his family there \nwhile he was away in the w^ar. Returning home when the troubles \nwere over, he lived as a renter on the place some seven years, and \nthen bought it. There were 103 acres, to which he has added by sub- \n"sequent purchases till it now numbers 328 acres, all well improved. \nSeven children still survive to Mr. Challes and wife, named re- \nspectively : George W., Sidney, Sallie, John, William R., Nannie and \xe2\x80\xa2 \nJennie. They lost one, Mary, who died at two years old. These \nwere all born on the place where the family now reside, and on which \nMr. C. will probably spend the remainder of his days. The subject \nof this sketch is no aspirant for political honors, but much prefers the \nquiet of his own home and farm, to the eclat and excitement of official \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1021 \n\ncarapaigDiug. He is one of those substantial citizens who has amassed, \nwhat property he has by thrift and economy, and takes a supreme \npleasure in his family, and his surroundings generally. \n\nJOHN HOWARD CHAMBERS \n\nWas born at Old Mines, Washington county, Missouri, February 10th, \n1824. In 1827, his parents moved to Union, Franklin county, where \nJohn H. was reared and educated. During his boyhood, he clerked \nin his father\'s store at Union, in the interm of his school terms, and \nthus continued till he was twenty years old. He then began merchan- \ndising at Union, and continued there till 1855. He then came to \nKocheport, this county, and associated himself with Clayton Brothers, \nmerchants, under the style of Clayton, Chapabers & Co. They did \nbusiness thus till they were forced to discontinue, owing to unsettled \ncondition of things, in 1862. Mr. Chambers returned to Franklin \ncounty and opened a store in what is now New Haven, where he con- \ntinued to do business till the war closed. In 1864, he was raided by a \nportion of Price\'s Confederates, under Gen. Marmaduke, and relieved \nof a large amount of supplies such as boots, shoes, clothing, dry- \ngoods, etc. Returning to Rocheport, in 1865, he became associated \nwith his old partners, and continued the mercantile business thus till \n1868, when they closed out. Mr. Chambers then became connected \nwith J. H. Armstrong and R. S. Miller, as a milling company, and \n"they built the " Star Mills " of that town. He withdrew from the firm \nin \'73, and again began merchandising. His brother, James A., and his \nson, George C, became connected with the concern in 1880, the firm \nbeing styled Chambers Bros. & Co. Mr. Chambers was married on \nthe 11th of October, 1848, to Miss Judith S. Clayton, of Union, \nFranklin county. They have two children \xe2\x80\x94 Laura, wife of J. E. \nMiller, of Nevada, Missouri, and George C, junior partner of the \nabove firm. Mr. Chambers and wife both belong to the Christian \nchurch, and Mrs. Miller is also a member of the same. \n\nJOHN S. CLAYTON. \n\nThe orentleman whose name heads this sketch, one of the leadino; \nbusiness men of the county, was born in Union, Franklin county, \nMissouri, June 21st, 1833, and there grew to manhood. His father \nwas a merchant by vocation, and when John S. was eleven years old, \nhe was placed in the store, and did not attend school afterwards till he \n\n\n\n1022 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwent to take a commercial course. He acquired his education, chiefly,, \nin the store, and when seventeen years old, attended Jones\' Commer- \ncial College, in St. Louis, and, after finishing his course there, was \nemployed as shipping clerk by a St. Louis house, retaining the posi- \ntion until 1852. He then went to Washington, Missouri, and em- \nbarked in the mercantile business. He only remained one year, how- \never, when he came to Rocheport, in this county, and engaged in mer- \nchandising with his father, Thomas F. Clayton, they doing business \nunder the style of T. F. Clayton & Co. until 1855. The father then re- \ntiring from the business, John S. became associated with his brother, \nJ. R. Clayton, and J. H. Chambers, the firm being styled Clayton, \nChambers & Co. They continued business till 1862, and were then \nforced to discontinue because of the war. In January, 1863, he and \nCapt. W. P. Wilcox ventured in the general merchandising and pro- \nduce business, and operated till January, 1865. Owing to the dis- \nturbed condition of the country, they closed their business in Roche- \nport and went to Omaha, Nebraska, where they, with William Ste- \nphens, organized the firm of Clayton, Stephens & Wilcox, and opened \nup in the general merchandise line. Mr. Clayton, in the fall of 1865, \nwhile still retaining his connection with the Omaha concern, returned \nto Rocheport, and formed the firm of Clayton, Miller & Co., general \nmerchants and tobacco dealers. They also built the grist mill known \nnow as the " Boone County Star Mills. "At the death of Mr. Miller, \nin January, 1880, a stock company was formed, of which Mr. Clayton \nwas made superintendent and general manager, and this company still, \ncarries on the business. In addition to this, Mr. Clayton acts as \nsteamboat agent, and also conducts an establishment for the sale of \nfarm machinery and operates as a railroad contractor. On November \nthe 18th, 1857, Mr. Clayton was married to Miss Fannie Chambers, \nof Union, Missouri. They have three children, named respectively: \nHoward, Belle, (wife of Jno. T. Mitchell, of Centralia), and " Tom.V \nMr. C. is a member of Boone Lodge, No. 121, 1. O. O. F., of Roche- \nport, and he and his wife both belong to the Christian church. \n\nMARCELLUS D. COOK. \n\nMarcellus D. Cook was born in Hopkins county, Kentucky, near \nMadisonville, January 20th, 1818, where he lived with his parents un- \ntil he attained his tenth year, when they came to Missouri and settled \non a farm seven miles east of Rocheport, where he resided with his \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1025 \n\nparents until he was twenty-one years of age, when he commenced \nfarming for himself as a renter. He followed this business until 1842, \nwhen he purchased a farm on which he now lives. August 27th, \n1839, he married Miss Elizabeth Smith, of Boone county, by whom \nhe has seven children : Henry S., of Smithton, Missouri ; William \nHarrison, of Boone county ; David Willis, of Boone county; Charles \nM., merchant, of Columbia ; Amanda Ellen, wife of James R. Jacobs, \nof Boone county, and Jefferson Price and Samuel, at home with their \nparents. Mr. Cook and his wife are members of the Sugar Creek \nBaptist church, having united with that denomination in 1835. Dur- \ning the war he was not engaged on either side, but was Southern in \nsentiment. He suffered severe loss of property, but escaped without \nbodily harm. The Federal soldiers took from him about six hundred \ndollars worth of horses, and he was not even spared by his own party. \n\nSAMUEL DAVIS COCHRAN. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born on the old John G. Cochran \nfarm, two and one-half miles east of Rocheport, December 11th, 1832. \nHe is the son of John G. and Delina Cochran. His grandfather, Will- \niam Cochran, emigrated from Scotland before the revolutionary war \nand settled in Kentucky, removing from that State to Missouri in 1818, \nsettling first at Boone\'s Lick, in Howard county, coming the follow- \ning year to Boone county, where he located on a farm four and one- \nhalf miles east of Rocheport. His son, John G., settled the farm, \nupon which Samuel was born, in 1825. The subject of this sketch re- \nmained with his parents until he was twenty-one years of age. He \nwas married, October 16th, 1856, to Miss Amanda Boggs, who died \nDecember 22d, 1880. After his marriage Mr. Cochran purchased a \nfarm which he cultivated until the breaking out of the war. In 1864 \nhe joined the Confederate army, enlisting in Company K, 9th regi- \nment, Jackman\'s brigade, of Shelby\'s division, with which he served \nuntil the close of the war, in 1865, when he returned to Boone county. \nSoon after his return he sold his farm and bought the place upon \nwhich he now resides, five miles east of Rocheport, known as the \nWilliam Boggs farm, consisting of 160 acres. He has four children : \nMoUie D., Owen W., Amanda and Eliza B., all of whom are living \nwith their parents. Mr. Cochran is in faith a Cumberland Presby- \nterian. One son and one daughter, Owen and Amanda, are members \nof the Baptist church at Sugar Creek. He is a member of the Roche- \nport lodge of A. F. and A. M. \n\n\n\n1024 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nJAMES NICHOLAS DARBY. \n\n\n\nJames Nicholas Darby, druggist, Rocheport, Missouri, was born near \nFayette, Missouri, March 11th, 1855. He was raised and educated in \nHoward county. He remained with his parents, IraC. and Kittie (nee \nLong) Darby, for three years after attaining his majority, worl^ing on \nthe farm. He left home in 1879 and came to Rocheport where he ap- \nplied himself to the task of learning the apothecary\'s business with J. \nR. Moss. In 1880 he bought out his employer and established him- \nself in the business. In the fall of 1881 he sold a half interest to Dr. \nE. H. Chinn, an old school-mate, who was born and reared in the \nsame neighborhood as himself. The business is now conducted under \nthe firm name of Darby & Chinn. Mr. Darby is an energetic business \nman and has a host of friends, both in Boone and Howard. His part- \nner is a popular young physician who is rapidly building up a large \nand substantial practice. The firm has the confidence and good-will \nof the public and their future is bright and promising. \n\nJOHN SAMUEL DENHAM. \n\nJohn S. Denham, farmer and stock raiser, was born near the Model \nFarm, in Boone county, Missouri, June 18th, 1845. His father, \nSamuel Denham, a native of Kentucky, came to this State in 1830, \nand settled in Boone county. He lived at intervals in both Boone \nand Howard, but finally settled permanently in this county, where he \ndied in 1872, at the age of 73. The subject of this sketch was raised \nin the vicinity of his birthplace, and received his education at private \nschools in the neighborhood and at Lathrop Academy and Central \nCollege, Fayette. In 1863 he attended Jones\' Commercial College, \ntakino; a full course. He afterwards taught mathematics in that \ninstitution. In 1865 he was employed as book-keeper by the firm of \nHume, Park & Co., Columbia, Missouri, remaining with them two \nyears. He kept books for Clayton, Miller & Co., Rocheport, \nMissouri, from 1867 to 1878. Leaving this firm in 1878, he returned \nto the old homestead where he farmed for one year. In 1869 he \nbegan teaching. He taught one year at Lathrop Academy and three \nyears at Walnut Grove Academy. His father dying in 1872, he was \nobliged to abandon teaching and take charge of the estate. He was \nmarried, October 3d, 1871, to Miss Meribah, daughter of David Isaacs, \nof Howard county. They have three children : Butler, Mattie Lou \nand Katy. Mr. Denham and his wife are members of the Walnut \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1025 \n\nGrove Baptist church, of which he is treasurer. In 1874 he purchased \nthe old homestead of 400 acres, upon which he now lives. He makes \ncattle and sheep raising a specialty. His cattle are short-horns, and \nof registered pedigrees. His sheep are thoroughbred Cotswold, \nimported from Canada in 1876. \n\nBENJAMIN F. DIMITT. \n\nMr. Dimitt is a Kentuckian, and was born in Bourbon county, that \nState, January 19th, 1828. He continued to reside in his native \ncounty till he was sixteen years old, w^hen he removed with his parents \nto Howard county, Indiana. In 1847 he came out to Missouri and, at \nthe age of nineteen, began life for himself as a teacher. Subsequently, \nin 1851, he attended Central College at Fayette, Howard county, \nMissouri, and was for some time a student of that institution. In \n1852 he was employed to teach in the preparatory department of that \ncollege, and was there till his coming to Eocheport, this county, the \nsucceeding year. Here, again, he engaged in teaching for a year, aiid \nthen established himself in the drug business in the same town. This \nwas in 1854, and he has continued in the same line ever since. In \n1864, when the militia burned part of the town of Rocheport, Mr. \nDimitt\' s store w:as burned, as, being a Southern sympathizer, he could \nnot, of course, escape that disaster. On the 20th of October, 1852, \nhe married Miss Sarah E. McDonald, of Howard county, Missouri. \nThey have three living children : Emma, wife of Professor Singleton, \nprincipal of the Orange College, Texas ; Frank C, clerk in his father\'s \nstore ; and Dixie L., still living with her father. Mr. Dimitt and wife \nare both members of the M. E. Church, South, and he also belongs to \nthe Masonic fraternity, with membership in Rocheport lodge. No. 67, \nA. F. & A. M. \n\nJAMES MpNEOE DOUGLASS. \n\nJames Monroe Douglass is the youngest son of Henry L. and Susan \n(Jacobs) Douglass, pioneer settlers of Boone county. He was born \non the Douglass homestead, where he now lives, March 9th, 1852. \nHis father bequeathed the home place to him in 1882, a short time \nprevious to his death, in consideration of the latter\' s maintenance of \nhis widowed mother and invalid sister. He is a thrifty farmer, and is \nheld in high esteem by his neighbors. His father, Henry L. Douglass, \ndeceased, was born in St. Louis county, Missouri, February 15th, \n1810, where he lived with his parents until he was ten years old, \nwhen they came to Boone county and settled at Locust Grove, now \n65 \n\n\n\n1026 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nknown as Midway, where he was raised. He remained with his \nparents until his marriage to Miss Susan Jacobs, December 20th, \n1832, when he commenced working for himself as a farmer, having \npurchased a small farm on Perclie Creek, near where the Columbia \nand Rocheport road crosses that stream. He remained on this farm \nuntil 1837, when he purchased the homestead now occupied by his \nson, James Monroe, containing 480 acres, four miles southeast of \nRocbeport, where he lived until his death, March 27th, 1882. Mrs. \nDouglass survives him. They have six living children : William G. \nand Joseph A., farmers, of Missouri township ; Virgie, wife of C. M. \nBoggs, and Lizzie, wife of C. Gr. Boggs, both of Missouri township, \nand Fannie and James, who are living on the home place. Mr. \nDouglass had, by rare energy and good management, accumulated \nconsiderable property. He was charitable and generous, a kind \nneighbor and a devoted Christian, being for many years a member of \nthe Locust Grove Methodist Church South. He united with the \nchurch in 1837. \n\nJOHN DODSON. \n\nMr, Dodson is a native of Missouri, and was born in Howard \ncounty, near New Franklin, September 7th, 1842. He continued to \nreside with his parents till he was nineteen, receiving his education \nin the schools of New Franklin, and at Central College, in Fayette. \nOn leaving home, in 1861, he went to Springfield, Illinois, where he \nwas variously employed till 1866, when he returned to Missouri, locat- \ning at Rocheport. Here he was employed, in 1868, as a clerk in the \nstore of J. W. Morris, remaining with him till 1870. He was then \ntaken, in by his employer as a partner in the concern, George Calvert \nalso coming in, the style being " Dodson, Calvert & Co." They dis- \ncontinued the business in 1872, and Mr. Dodson formed a partner- \nship with William M. Ridgeway for the grocery business, in which \nline they continued at Rocheport till 1876. They then sold out and \nwent into the livery business, in which they are still engaged, running \na daily stage line to Columbia. Mr. Dodson was married, December \n18th, 1863, to Miss Clara Wheeler, daughter of Henderson Wheeler, \none of the oldest settlers of Boone county. They have one child, a \ndaughter, named Annie. Himself and wife are both members of the \nChristian Church, and he oelongs, also, to the Boone lodge. No. 121, \nI. O. O. F., of which he has " passed through all the chairs," and \nis now the treasurer. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1027 \n\nREUBEN ELLIOTT, SEN., DECEASED. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was one of the pioneer settlers of Boone \ncounty. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and at the age of nine- \nteen participated in the battle of New Orleans. In 1818 he was mar- \nried to Elizabeth White, who, like himself, was a native of Kentucky. \nThe year after their marriage they emigrated to Missouri, settling in \nBoone county. At first he rented a portion of the land now included \nin the Model Farm, where he remained until 1828, when he bought a \nfarm on Callaham\'s creek, where he lived for five years. In 1833 \nhe purchased the old Elliott homestead, containing 217 acres, situ- \nated on the Columbia and Rocheport turnpike, two miles east of Roche- \nport. Here he remained until his death, which occurred September \n25th, 1869. At the time of his death he was sixty-four years old. \nMr. Elliott was a stone mason, and is said to have built the first stone \nhouse ever erected in Boone county. This dwelling was built for \nJoseph Little, in 1828, and is still standing. He also built, for Dr. \nGeorge Wilcox, the first brick house in Rocheport. In 1831 he \ncrossed the plains to Mexico with wagons, carrying dry goods and \ngroceries to Santa Fe. He was one of the original members of the \nWalnut Grove Baptist Church, remaining a faithful member of the \ncongregation up to the day of his death. \n\nISHMAEL V. EVANS. \n\nIshmael V.. Evans is the son of Willis G. and Jane M. (Vanhorn) \nEvans, and was born near Rocheport, Missouri, August 3d, 1858. \nHe was reared on the farm, and educated at the common schools of \nthe neighborhood, completing his studies at the Rocheport Academy. \nHe resides on the home place, and supports his widowed mother, his \nfather having died in 1869. Mr. Evans has, by his excellent manage- \nment of the farm and sincere devotion to his mother, sister and \nyounger brothers, won for himself the esteem and confidence of all \nwho are familiar with his labors. Willis Evans, father of Ishmael V., \nwas born in Madison county, Kentucky, May 28th, 1818. When two \nyears old his parents came to Missouri, and settled on a farm in \nHoward county, where his father died twp years afterwards. Willis \nwas then taken by his uncle, Stephen G. Evans, with whom he lived \nuntil he reached manhood. December 14th, 1842, he married Miss \nJane M., daughter of Ishmael and Evaline Vanhorn, of Boone county. \nAfter his marriage he settled upon the farm upon which his son, Ish- \n\n\n\n1028 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmael V., now lives, where he spent the remamder of his life, dying \nJanuary 19th, 1869. He left eight children: Alice, wife of John W. \nCarlisle, of Columbia; Edward H., a physician of Boonville, Mis- \nsouri; John G., of Fayette, Missouri; Ella, wife of Fielding W. \nAngell, of Missouri township, and Ishmael V., who is conducting the \nfarm and caring for his mother, Eva, Luther and Robert, all of whom \nare living on the home place. At the time of his death Mr. Evans \nwas a member of the Methodist Church South at Locust Grove. \n\nGEOilGE BRYANT FORBIS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is one among the oldest citizens of Boone \ncounty. He was born near Lexington, Kentucky, December 28th, \n1799. When in his thirteenth year, his parents removed to Kentucky, \nwhere he lived until his nineteenth year, when he began to do for him- \nself by teaching school, which he followed continuously for fifteen \nyears. He was married, August 13th, 1835, to Miss Elizabeth Wilcox, \nsister of the late Dr. George B. Wilcox, of Rocheport. Mrs. Forbis \nis a lineal descendant of Daniel Boone, the pioneer hero of "the dark \nand bloody ground." She was born in Shelby county, Kentucky, in \n1810, where she lived with her parents, John and Sarah (Boone) \nWilcox, until her marriage to Mr. Forbis in 1835. They emigrated \nto Missouri in 1836, arriving in Rocheport November 19th. Soon \nafter his arrival Mr. Forbis purchased the farm upon which he now re- \nsides. It consists of 212 acres and has been cultivated by him con- \ntinuously ever since it passed into his possession. He has beeu from \nearly manhood a consistent member of the Primitive Baptist church. \nWhen he came to Missouri he united with the Missionary Baptist \nchurch at Walnut Grove, as there was no congregation of Primitive \nBaptists then within his reach. In 1871 he withdrew from the Walnut \nGrove church and together with his wife assisted in the organization \nof the Zoar Primitive Baptist church in Howard county. He has been \nclerk of this church ever since its organization. He is an ardent de- \nvoted Christian and a firm believer in the Calvinistic tenets of the Old \nSchool Baptist denomination. They have eight living children : Sarah, \nwife of Joel H. Challes ; Mary, relict of the late A. J. Barnett ; Harriet \nW. ; George W. ; Eliza, wife of George W. Thompson ; Emma ; John \nE., of Oregon, and William P., who still remains on the homestead \n:and superintends the farm. George W. was considerably wounded \nby the bursting of a shell, while serving in the Confederate army at \nPea Ridse. He was afterwards taken prisoner at Port Gibson and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1029\' \n\nwas incarcerated at Alton until released on parole. Mr. Forbis is a \nzealous advocate of popular education. He served as school director \nin his district from 1840 to 1860. \n\nHENRY HARRISON GARTH. \n\nMr. Garth is another citizen who can boast of having been " to the \nmanner born." He is the son of Jefferson and Mary Garth, old resi- \ndents of the county, and was born in Columbia, May 5th, 1841. He \nwas reared in his native town and educated in the University there. \nHis first business experience was that of clerk for Stone & Son in the \ndry goods business in Columbia. In May, 1865, he went to Roche- \nport and engaged in the grocery business, and is still in the same line \nof business at the same place. On the 9th of October, 1862, he mar- \nried Miss Rhodie Turner, of which union there has been born one \nchild, a daughter, named Lizzie. Mr. Garth belongs to Boone lodge. \nNo. 121, I. O. O. F., and is an honored citizen of Rocheport. \n\nLEOPOLD GROSSMAN. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a son of Francis and Frederica Gross- \nman, and was born in Baden, Germany, November 15th, 1817. His \nfather was proprietor of a mill, and Leopold learned the trade of \nmiller, having been reared to that vocation from early boyhood. At \nthe age of seventeen, he was " turned out " for two years to learn the \nart of baking, so that at the age of nineteen, he found himself master \nof two trades \xe2\x80\x94 those of a miller and baker. He then began traveling \nin these vocations, operating as a journeyman worker in first one and \nthen the other of them, traveling in Germany and France for some \nyears. While thus engaged, he operated in Heidleberg, Stuttgart, \nVienna, Strasburg, and many other great cities, all of which tended \nto expand his mind and give him a knowledge of the business world. \nIn 1840, Mr. Grossman came to the United States, arriving in New \nOrleans on Christmas of that year. He proceeded to Ohio, and was \nthere employed about three months in a grist mill. Then he and his \nuncle, Albright Breslaw, went to Fayetteville, Arkansas, where they \nerected a grist and sawmill. Here Mr. G. remained about one year \nwhen he left and went to St. Charles, Missouri, where he had relatives \nfrom the old country. Renting a farm, he began farming in St. \nCharles county, and was there married on the 19th of August, 1842> \nto Miss Melinda Wokely. In the fall following, he rented a sawmill \nnear St. Charles, and followed " lumbering" till 1844, when he was \n\n\n\n1030 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nforced to abandon it because of ill health. He came to Rocheport, in \nthis county, in the spring and here engaged in the bakery business on \nWater street, which he operated successfully till December, 1845, \nwhen he sold out and returned to St. Charles, his wife being dissatis- \nfied with Rocheport. There he purchased the sawmill he had form- \nerly rented, and ran it until May, \'48. He then sold out and once \nmore returned to Boone county, and has been a citizen here ever since. \nAgain starting his bakery, he continued thus until 1858, when he pur- \nchased a farm near Rocheport, and began operating it with slaves, of \nwhich he owned a considerable number. He still owns the farm. \nAfter one year he returned to town, and began the general merchan- \ndise business with William West, firm style of West & Grossman. At \nthis time he had amassed considerable property. But now came the \nperiod of reverses, among which was the payment of one security \ndebt to the amount of $4,000. About the same time the war broke \nout, paralyzing business, and Mr. G. did but little till 1863, when he \nand Geo. W. Gregory opened up the bakery and grocery business, \nwhich they continued successfully till 1871. During this time they \nbuilt two large store houses, and a warehouse. Mr. Grossman still \ncarries on this business, Gregory having retired from the firm. In \n1875, Mr. G. and Mr. Champion built the " Monitor Mills " in Roche- \nport, which they still own. He has four living children: Houston; \nJosephine, wife of Dr. Edward Evans, of Boonville ; Eliza, and \nAnnie, wife of Dr. Chinn, of Rocheport. Mr. Grossman has done \nmuch to build up and keep up the trade of Rocheport, and to improve \nthe town. He has been a member of the town board for twenty \nyears, about half that time serving as town mayor. He was \nelected president of the savings bank in 1878, and is still in connec- \ntion therewith. He belongs to the Rocheport lodge of A. F. & A. \nM., and is one of the most esteemed citizens of the place. \n\nGEN. STEWART B. HATTON. \n\nGen. Stewart B. Hatton, one of the oldest pioneers of Boone \ncounty and a man of distinguished natural ability, popularity and \ninfluence, is the tenth son and fourteenth child of Reuben and Joan \n(Beleau) Hatton. His father was born in 1762, of English parents, \nbeing one of the third generation after the removal from England. \nHe was born and raised to the age of nineteen years in Amelia \ncounty, Virginia, receiving an excellent common school education. \nAt the breaking out of the revolutionarv war, he entered the American \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1031 \n\narmy, being at the time but nineteen years of age. He was at the \nbattles of Guilford Court House and Eutaw Springs, also in the \ndisastrous engagement with Lord Eawdon. The close of the war \nfound him in South Carolina. Being charmed with the country and \nthe climate, he resolved to remain in the south. Having learned the \nhatter\'s trade with his father before the war, he applied for a \nsituation, and was employed by a Frenchman named Beleau, a \ndescendant of a Huguenot family, of South Carolina, whose wife was \nof the same faith and nativity. This proved an important epoch in \nthe life of Eeuben Hatton. He made love to his employer\'s daughter \nand was accepted. In the course of time they were married, and the \nwell-matched couple lived happily together as man and wife for over \nhalf a century. Their large family, with but two exceptions, lived to \nold age and left large families of their own. The descendants of \nEeuben and Joan Hatton now number over a thousand souls, and are \nscattered over almost the entire South and West. After his marriasfe, \nKeuben Hatton remained for several years in South Carolina. His \nthree oldest children were born in that State. Ha vino; heard of \nDaniel Boone\'s exploits in Kentucky, he joined one of the bands of \nemigrants which that daring hunter piloted through the wilderness to \none of his settlements on the Kentucky river. They were several \nmonths on the road. Eeuben Hatton settled on a fine body of land \nnear what was afterwards known as Foxtown, in Madison county. He \nbuilt him a good house and a hatter\'s shop. Several of his sons \nlearned the trade, and they did a good business. Eeal estate having \nrapidly increased in value, Eeuben Hatton found that he could not \nsettle all of his large family on homes of their own in Madison county, \nand he resolved to emigrate to Missouri. Two of his sons, Mitchell \nand William, having volunteered in the war of 1812, and having been \nsent west to protect the frontier, wrote back to their parents to sell \nout and remove to Missouri, describing it as the finest country they \nhad ever seen. Eeuben Hatton was pleased with the idea, and, having \ndisposed of his home in Kentucky, removed to St. Louis county, \nMissouri, in 1814, when the subject of this sketch was but three years \nold, he having been born in Madison county, Kentucky, February 5th, \n1811. They remained in St. Louis county nearly three years, where \nMitchell Hatton, the fourth son, was married. His wife was Anna \nWhitesides, a niece of Gen. Whitesides, under whom he had served \nduring a portion of the war of 1812, and after whom Whitesides \ncounty, Illinois, was afterwards named. Mitchell Hatton died on his \n\n\n\n1032 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfarm in Boone county, now occupied by his son, Fleming B. Hatton,, \nMarch, 1863, aged sixty-seven. He was a justice of the peace for \ntwenty years, and never had but three cases reversed by the circuit \ncourt. Seven children were born to him, only three of whom are now \nliving: Mrs. Hester Ann Hatton, Fleming B. and John W. Hatton. \nReuben Hatton came to Boone county in 1817, and settled on a farm \nnear Midway. It is claimed for him that he built the first house in the \ncounty that was covered with shingles. However doubtful this may \nbe, there cannot be the least shadow of doubt that he established the \nfirst nursery of fruit trees, having brought his stock with him from \nKentucky to St. Louis, and from St. Louis to Boone county. Gen. \nHatton commenced life for himself as a hatter, having a shop near \nMidway, in Boone county. He afterwards bought the Dixon Avater- \nmill on the Callaham, and removed to the place vacated by Mr. Dixon. \nHe was married, April 5th, 1834, to Alitha Barnes, daughter of Amos \nBarnes, mentioned elsewhere in this volume. He was married by \n" old uncle Jimmie Barnes," a pioneer preacher and an uncle of Mrs. \nHatton. Three children were born of this marriage, one son and two \ndaughters. The youngest, Mrs. Wilcox, is dead. The eldest \ndaughter, Mrs. Jackson Yeager, is living on a cotton plantation in \nArkansas. The oldest child, Rev. William A. Hatton, is pastor of the \nBaptist church at Memphis, Missouri. The eldest daughter has been \ntwice married. Her first husband was George W. Milhollen, who was \nkilled in Linn county, Missouri, during the late war. From early \nmanhood to middle age, Gen. Hatton was , continually in office, mostly \nin the militia. He has held every military office from first sergeant to \nbrigadier-general. In 1850 he was elected to the legislature. He \nserved in the Black Hawk and Mormon wars, and took an active part \nin the late civil war, being commissioned to raise, organize and send \nforward troops to Price\'s army. He assisted in organizing the forces \nthat were taken south by Gens. Green and Harris. He was with \nGen. Harris at the Fulton fight, and planned the ambuscade by which \nHarris was enabled to get out of a very close place, after inflicting \nsevere loss on the enemy. Their orders were not to fire a gun if it \ncould be avoided, but it became necessary to strike terror into the \nhearts of his pursuers. It was through his advice that Jeff. Jones \nwas enabled to dictate his own terms to Gen. Henderson, who had a \nmuch larger force. During the troubles in Kansas in 1856, he raised \na company of men and went to the assistance of the pro-slavery party, \nbut the difficulty was settled without serious bloodshed. During the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1033 \n\nlatter part of the late war, he was taken prisoner. He was soon \nreleased, however, but was agam arrested and kept a close prisoner \nuntil near the close of the war. He was severely blamed by some of \nhis own party for not joining the regular army, but in remaining north \nof the river, he was but obeying positive orders from Gen. Price, who \nsent couriers through to him every few weeks. Had he not been \nordered to remain, he would certainly have gone to the front and \nremained there. He always advised against fighting on this side of \nthe river, so long as it could be avoided, and in so doing he was but \nobeying the written instructions received from Gen. Price, and \nreiterated from time to time. The labors of Gen. Hatton in behalf \nof the South are not historical, but are none the less sincere and \neffective on that account. He is a Mason and a member of the \nMethodist Church. ^ \n\nVV\'ILLIAM DOUGLASS HENDERSON. \n\nWilliam Douglass Henderson, one of the most substantial farmers \nin the vicinity of Midway, was born at a place called Big Muddy, in \nIllinois, October 29th, 1817, while his parents were en route from \nKentucky to Missouri. In the month of November following his \nparents reached Florissant, St. Louis county, Missouri, where they \nremained during the winter. In the spring of 1818 his father came \nto Boone county, and purchased the land now known as the Hen- \nderson homestead, containing 306 acres, situated near Midway. Mr. \nHenderson was raised on this farm. The opportunities for obtaining \nan education at this time and place were poor indeed. The subject of \nthis sketch had no other instruction than such as could be obtained \nby attending subscription schools for a few months of the year, usually \nin mid-winter. In 1836, his father\'s health failing, he took control \nof the farm and managed it until his death, which occurred in 1843. \nThe farm having been willed to Mrs. Henderson, he remained with \nher until her death, in 1871. Previous to his mother\'s death, Mr. \nHenderson had purchased the interest of the other heirs, and so be- \ncame sole proprietor of the old homestead. During the late civil war, \nMr. Henderson was avowedly Southern in sentiment, and suffered \nfinancially for his principles, notwithstanding he took no part in the \nstruggle. Mr. Henderson has been twice married. His first wife \nwas Miss Eleanor, daughter of Warren Leonard, of Boone county, \nMissouri, to whom he was married March 29th, 1845. By this mar- \nriage he has five living children. His oldest daughter, Sarah C, is \n\n\n\n1034 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthe wife of Charlie Hance, clerk of the Randolph county court. \nJohn C. is married and is living on a farm in the neighborhood of \nMidway. Agnes is the wife of R. P. Jones, of Moberly, Missouri. \nNora and Richard are still living at home. Mr. Henderson was again \nmarried April 2d, 1868, to Mrs. Arcena Thurston, of Midway. She \n.died April 7th, 1877. Mr. Henderson has been an active member of \nthe Methodist Church for forty years. He has been class-leader \nsince 1844, and has served as steward and Sunday school superin- \ntendent for the same length of time. His house is one of the old \nlandmarks of Boone county. It was the first tavern established on \nthe stage route between Columbia and Fayette, and was the voting \nplace for Missouri township from its organization up to 1840. \n\nBRANUM HERN. \n\nBranum Hern is entitled to the distinction of beinoc one among the \nfirst settlers of Boone county. Many came at as early a date, and \nsome were here earlier, but perhaps not one in a thousand of those \nold pioneers, take the county and State over, are alive to-day. \nThe subject of this sketch was born in Madison county, Kentucky, \nDecember 23d, 1812, and when a lad of seven years came with his \nparents to Missouri, arriving in old Franklin, January 6th, 1819. \nThey did not tarry long at that place, coming to Boone county within \nthe same month of their arrival in Howard \xe2\x80\x94 but there was no dis- \ntinction in those days, all the country of Central Missouri being then \nknown as Howard county. He lived with his parents until he was \nseventeen, when he began to provide for himself, His father being a \nmechanic, he became one naturally. He was, even at the age of seven- \nteen, very skillful as a wheel- wright, and found plenty of work, making \nspinning wheels, and turning bed-posts, for the people in those days \ndepended almost exclusively upon their own mechanics for furniture, \nand the necessary appliances for spinning and weaving, there being as \nyet but little communication with the outer world. He worked in the \nshops until 1833, when he turned his attention exclusively to farming. \nIn 1839 he purchased a tract of laud containing 120 acres, six and one- \nhalf miles northeast of Rocheport, of which he has made the farm upon \nwhich he now lives. He has been twice married. His first wife was \nEmeline, daughter of John Barnes. They were married in January, \n1833. His second wife was Lucy, daughter of George Crump. They \nwere married in September, 1859. By the first marriage there are \nfour living children : Mary Ann, relict of the the late John Hunter ; \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1035 \n\nHubbard, of Kansas; William, of Bates county, Missouri, and Sally, \nwife of Armstead Garnard, also of Bates county. \n\nGEORGE HINTON HILL. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of James A. and Sarah H. Hill, \nthe latter being a daughter of Dr. George B. Wilcox, pioneer physician \nof Boone county. George was born in Rocheport, September 4th, \n1847, and was reared and partially educated in the same town. When \nfifteen years old, he began to learn the blacksmith\'s trade with Hen- \nderson Wheeler,atRocheport, with whom he worked several years, still \nmaking his home with his parents. At the close of his apprenticeship \nhe went to Greencastle, Indiana, where, after working at his trade for \na short time, he started in to learn the harness-making. He held on \na year, but found that close confinement was impairing his health. \nFor the sake of change he worked on a farm near Greencastle for two \nyears, during which he had the misfortune to have his leg broken by a \nrunaway team. Returning then to Rocheport, on his recovery, in \n1870, he made his home with his mother, his father having died during \nhis absence. A year later he moved on a farm near Columbia, which \nhe worked two years, when he returned to Rocheport. After working \nawhile for his uncle. Judge Hinton, he was engaged by Mr. Wheeler \nio run his shop in Rocheport. A year later he associated himself with \nH. F. Williams in blacksmithing. They continued in that business \ntill this writing. Mr. Hill was married on the 24th of March, 1878, \nto Miss Georgia Crump, of Rocheport. She died September 20th, \n1879, having borne one child, a son, named George, born September \n18th, 1879. Mr. Hill is a member of the Christian church, and his \n-wife, at her death, belonged to the Baptist church. He is also a mem- \nber of Rocheport Lodge No. 147, I. O. G. T., of which he is record- \ning secretary. - \n\nWILLIAM HULETT. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a Kentuckian, and was born in Mercer \ncounty, June 15th, 1830. His parents, Edward and Rebecca Hulett, \nmoved to this State in 1832, and settled in Rocheport, Boone county, \nwhere William was reared. He began learning the saddler\'s and har- \nness-maker\'s trades at the age of sixteen, his "boss "being Mr. \nHenry Tumy, with whomhe not only mastered the art, but worked \nfor him eight years after he had learned it and become a skilled work- \nman. In 1856, he went to Sturgeon, this county, and opened up in \nthe business for himself, where he remained till 1860. Returning to \n\n\n\n1036 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nRocheport, he did not again go into business, as the war was upon us,, \nand no one could tell what the end would be. In 1862, Mr. Hulett \nenlisted in company A, of Col. Poindexter\'s regiment of Confederates, \nand served eighteen months, when he was discharged on account of \nbad health, and allowed to take his own course. He was out of busi- \nness till the spring of \'66, when he started a shop in Rocheport, and \nhas so continued ever since. In the fall of \'78, he established the \nlivery business in connection with his harness shop, and does a sub- \nstantial business in both lines. Mr. H. has been twice married. His \nfirst wife was Miss Zerelda, daughter of William Phillips, of Roche- \nport, to whom he was married in 1852. She died the following year, \nand he was again married, in 1855, to Miss Judith Hunt, daughter of \nL. B. Hunt, an old resident of this county. Mr. Hulett has five chil- \ndren : Effie O., (wife of Ernest Granberry), Daniel E., William B., \nPearl and Paul. The first named and her mother belong to the Chris- \ntian church. Mr. H. belongs to the Rocheport lodge of A. O. U. W. \nEarly in life, Mr. Hulett had the misfortune to contract the habit and \nlove of strong drink ; and though he made money rapidly, he failed to \nhold it, being fond of jovial companions and the cup that cheers. \nHowever, he was fortunate enough to see the folly of such a course of \ndissipation, and formed a firm resolve to stop it then and there. By \nthe force of a strong will he was enabled to keep his resolution, the \nresult of which was complete reformation. Mr. H. deserves much \ncredit for thus manfully conquering a depraved appetite, which, alas ! \nso many fail to do ; and the historian records this by permission of Mr. \nHulett, in the hope that there are " foot-prints, which perhaps an- \nother, seeing, shall take heart again, " Since his change of life, he \nhas prospered exceedingly well. He owns one of the most pleasant \nresidences in Rocheport, and his shop and livery stable are models of \nthrift and neatness. The rank that Mr. H. now occupies in business \nand social circles, shows what any man can do who only wills. \n\nCOMMODORE PERRY HULTZ. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Delaware county. New York, \nSeptember the 16th, 1813, and lived there with his parents until he \nmarried, which Avas on the 22nd of June, 1837, to Miss Acenith W. \nArmstrong, of the same county. He came to Missouri in company \nwith his father and on the 19th of July, 1837, reached the watermill \nupon Perche, at Gillaspy\'s bridge. He shortly afterwards moved to \nthe farm where he lived the rest of his life. He was without means \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1037 \n\nwhen he arrived in Boone county, but by hard work and dogged per- \nserverance he soon had a farm of his own. His brother, Hamilton J. \nHultz, had come out to Missouri the year before. He is now a prom- \ninent physician of Louisville, Kentucky. C. P. Hultz was a great \nreader and kept his mind well stored with literary " good things. " \nThough no politician, he was a ready and fluent speaker upon the cur- \nrent topics of the day. He worked his way up from a poor boy and at \nhis death left each of his children a handsome property. He farmed \nand traded in stock generally. He died November 12th, 1878, and \nhis wife died June 25th, 1876. She was a member of the Missionary \nBaptist church at Bethel. They left four children none of whom are \nmarried and are all living in this county. Marshal J. is living upon the \nnortheast quarter of section thirty-four, township forty-eight and \nrange thirteen ; Manlius E. is living upon the southeast quarter of \nsection nine, township forty-eight and range thirteen. Edgar M. \nand Virginia S. still live upon the old homestead. Manlius E., our \nsubject, was born in Boone county, December 10th, 1849. He \nlived upon the old home-place until the spring of 1882, when he \nmoved to his present home. He w^as educated at the University \ngoing until he reached the last year of the course, when he went \none year to the Medical Department. He has a fine farm of four \nhundred acres, and is building a handsome residence. \n\nDANIEL WEBSTER HUNT. \n\nMr. Hunt was born in Boone county, Missouri, May 16th, 1841, and \nis the son of Linneeus and Rebecca (Brushwood) Hunt. He received \na good common school education, and grew to manhood in his native \ncounty. During the war he travelled in New Mexico, Colorado, Ne- \nbraska and Iowa. He returned to Boone county when the war closed, \nand went to farming, and has continued in the business ever since. \nHe was married February 13th, 1879, to Miss Kate, daughter of Solo- \nmon and Pernecia (Collett) Stickell. She was born in Troy, Lincoln \ncounty, Missouri. Her father was a native of Maryland, and her \nmother was born and reared in Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. Hunt have \ntwo children, both living, Nellie Stickell and Robert. Mrs. Hunt is a \nmember of the Christian Church at Rocheport, and Mr. Hunt is a \nMason, holding his membership at Rocheport. He lives on the north- \nwest quarter of section thirty-six, township forty-eight and range \nfourteen. He is a very clever gentleman, and his house is noted \nfor old-time hospitality. \n\n\n\n1038 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nWILLIAM BURCH HUNT. \n\n\n\nW. B. Hunt was born in Boone county, Missouri, September 18th, \n1831 . He is the son of Linnseus and Rebecca (Brushwood ) Hunt, who \nwere born, reared and married in Fluvanna county, Virginia. They \ncame to Missouri in 1821. Wni. B. was educated at the common \nschools in his father\'s neighborhood, and grew to manhood upon the \nplace where he was born. In 1850 he and his father went to Califor- \nnia, where his father died in 1851. He was married in 1855, in Boone \ncounty, Missouri, to Mary Ann, daughter of Benjamin Conley. By \nthis union they have had six children, five living and one dead. M. \nElla married John H. Alsop, of New Franklin, Howard county ; Ben- \njamin B. ; Laura F. married to John F. Wilhite, near Rocheport ; \nLinnseus L. , Sanford Conley and Wm. B. ( dead) . Mr. Hunt has been \nengao-ed in farming all his life, save the four years he spent in Cali- \nfornia in mininof. He has been until recently the largest wheat \ngrower in the county, and in 1882 made the largest yield. He has a \nsplendid farm, handsomely kept, and showing unmistakable signs of \nthrift and culture. He raises corn, wheat and hogs, making, how- \never, a specialty of wheat. He has sown the same piece of land in \nwheat for fourteen years, the last crop averaging twenty-seven and \none-half bushels to the acre. Mr. Hunt is one of Boone\'s represent- \native men, and one whom all respect. \n\nMALCOM DUANE LEWIS, M. D. \n\nDr. Lewis was born near Glasgow, in Howard county, Missouri, \nJuly 24th, 1846. He is the second of three sons of John L. and \nMary E. Lewis, who moved to a place near Rocheport, in Boone \ncounty, in 1851, and located in Rocheport in 1853. In that town \nMalcom D. was reared, and acquired the rudiments of his education. \nHis education was completed at the University at Columbia, and he \nbegan life for himself by clerking in the dry goods house of Clayton \n& Wilcox, in Rocheport. In 1865 the firm moved to Omaha, Dr. \nLewis going with them. He soon, however, returned to Rocheport \non account of ill health. Subsequently he went to St. Louis, and was \nemployed in the notion house of Gill & Murphy. Returning to Boone \ncounty in 1867, he clerked for two different houses in Columbia, which \nwas about all the business he did till he began to study for his pro- \nfession. In 1872, he commenced to read medicine under Dr. A. W. \nMcAlester, Professor of Surgery, etc., in the University. Entering \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 103& \n\nthe medical department of that school, he applied himself closely to \nhis studies, and graduated with the degree of M. D., in June, 1875. \nHe first located for the practice at Woodlandville, this county, where \nhe remained till 1880, when he removed to Eocheport and established \nhimself there. In 1882, Dr. E. T. Bramlett became associated with \nDr. Lewis, and they have a good and growing practice in several \ncounties whose boundaries approach near Rocheport. Dr. Lewis is a \nmember of Boone lodge. No. 121, I. O. O. F., of Rocheport. \n\nWILLIAM A. LIENTZ \n\nIs the son of Montgomery P. Lientz, and is the oldest child and \nonly son. He was born on the old homestead, four miles from Roche- \nport, Marcli 30th, 1848. He was reared at his birth place, and \ncontinued to live with his parents till he was twenty-two years old. \nThe foundations of his education were laid in the country schools, \nlie attending in early boyhood at Walnut Grove Academy. Subse- \nquently, he attended Union Academy, in Pennsylvania. He completed \nhis course, however at the State University at Columbia, graduating \nfrom that institution in the class of 1868. He carried off two honors \nat that time, having been chosen by his class to deliver the salutatory \nin Latin, and also winning the Stephens prize-medal as the best orator \nin the contest for that medal. (See history of the University). In \n1869, he began reading law in Columbia, under Col. J. R. Shields,^ \nbut the condition of his health forced him to abandon the law. Octo- \nber 27th, 1870, he married Miss Margaret S., daughter of John L. \nHickman, Sr., of Boone county. She had graduated in Stephens \ncollege, Columbia, in the class of 1869. Soon after his mariage, Mr. \nLientz, thinking an agricultural life would be conducive to his good \nhealth, moved on to a farm that he had purchased five miles west of \nColumbia. He lived on that place till 1880, when he sold out and \nbought the farm where he resides at this writing, three miles north- \neast of Rocheport. The place contains two hundred and sixteen \nacres, and is chiefly devoted to stock raising especially that of sheep. \nMr. Lientz has four children, named John M., William A., Jr., \nBeverly Price, and Roger H. Himself and wife both belong to the \nPresbyterian church of Columbia. \n\nMONTGOMERY P. LIENTZ. \n\nThe gentleman whose name heads this sketch was born in Nash- \nville, Tennessee, October 22, 1815. His parents were William and \n\n\n\n1040 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMary Lientz, who came to this State and county in November, 1819, \nand settled four miles northeast of Kocheport, where Montgomery \nwas raised. He continued to reside with his parents after coming of \nage, and when they became old and infirm, he took the entire man- \nagement of the farm, and thus eased them of their burden, caring for \nthem till their death like a true and faithful son. The father died in \n1849, aged seventy-five and the mother in 1859, at the same advanced \nao-e. Mr. Lientz has been three times married. First, in 1844, he \nmarried Miss Calphurnia Wetmore, of St. Louis. This lady died in \n1849, and two years later, he was wedded to Miss Olivia W. McClure, \ndaughter of Dr. William McClure, of Thrall\'s prairie. She died in 1856. \nMr. Lientz\'s present wife was a widow lady \xe2\x80\x94 Mrs. Ann E. Whittaker, \nof Virginia. He has four children. William A. Lientz, who gradu- \nated from the University of Missouri in the class of 18(i8, is a son of \nhis first wife. Annie O., wife of D. W. McQuitty, is a child of the \nsecond marriage. Ella R., wife of Harry McCuUough, of Howard \ncountv, and Blanche S. (unmarried), are the other two. Mr. Lientz \nwas in the Mormon war, and served under Capt. John Ellis. In May, \n1846, he enlisted for the Mexican war in Company F, First regiment \nMissouri volunteers, and served during the war under Capt. Parsons \nand Col. A. W. Doniphan. Returning home at the close of that war, \nhe continued to pursue the arts of peace, and enjoy pastoral life on \nthe old homestead till 1881, when he moved into Howard county. His \nfather\'s old home was for many years a stopping place for travellers, \nand many weary tourists there enjoyed the hospitalities of this gen- \nuine Southern family. Among the celebrities who stopped at this \nplace, were Col. Thos. H. Benton, Washington Irving, Gov. John \nMiller and Supreme Judges M. McGirk and George Tompkins, the \nlatter of whom married into the Lientz family. Mr, L., belongs to \nthe Presbyterian church, and his wife to the Mount Zion Baptist \nchurch of Howard county. He is a ruling elder in his church, and \nlabors to advance the cause of Christ\'s kingdom on earth. \n\n/ ROBERT GILBERT LYELL \n\nWas born at Rochester, New York, in the month of April, 1817. \nWhen he was two years old, his father moved with his family to a \nfarm two miles from Rochester, and Robert was reared to agricultural \npursuits. His education was acquired in the common schools and at \nMonroe High School at Henrietta in Monroe county, New York. He \nbeo-an teaching in the public schools at nineteen years old, and later \n\n\n\n\n^/t^^J^^^^ \n\n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1041 \n\nin life worked at the carpenter\'s trade, which was his father\'s vocation, \nin addition to farming. In 1840 he came to Boone county, Missouri, \nand began teaching in the public schools, following it for some six or \nseven years. He was first married December 27, 1842, to Miss \nEmilia M. Bishop, of Thrall\'s Prairie. She died at Harrisburg, this \ncounty, February 9, 1875, having borne five children. Two of^hese, \nAlice G., wife of James A. Chambers, of Eocheport, and Robert L., \nof Marshall, Missouri, still survive. He was a second time married \nMay 9th, 1876, to Mrs. Mary J. Rawlings, of Rocheport. In the \nspring of 1849, Mr. Lyell went to California, and with four com- \nrades, kept a boarding "ranche," and also worked the mines on Deer \nCreek, near the forks of Tuba River. On his return from California \nhe settled in Rocheport, where he resided till 1871, w^hen he and \nfamily moved to Harrisburg, where he was engaged for some time in \nmerchandising, and was also fortunate. He was twice commissioned \na notary public for Boone county by the Governor. In 1877 he \nmoved back to Rocheport, where he resides at this writino-. From \n1858 to \'79, he occasionally worked at the carpenter\'s trade and as \nan undertaker, working at times, after the war, as many as from six \nto nine men. In May, 1862, Mr. Lyell enlisted in the sixty-first reo-i- \nment E. M. M., Col. Douglass commanding. Soon after he was \ncommissioned quartermaster, with rank of captain, by Gov. Gamble. \nHe served in that capacity till the fall of 1862, when part of his \nregiment was annexed to parts of other regiments and formpd into \nthe First Provisional Regiment of M. M., in which he served till the \nofficers and men were relieved from duty by order of the Governor, in \n1864. In August, 1864, he was commissioned Brigade Q. M., with \nrank of major, under Gen. J. B. Douglass, and thus continued till his \nfinal discharge from service by order of Acting Governor Hall. Mr. \nLyell has served as magistrate of Missouri township, both by appoint- \nment and election, and is at this writing deputy post-master at \nRocheport, having been appointed in 1881, by Mrs. Susan M. Slade, \npost-mistress. \n\nJAMES HORRY LOWREY. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the second of three livino- sons of \nJames Simpson and Nancy Lowrey, who came to Missouri in 1819, \nsettling in what was then known as Howard county, near Walnut \nGrove church, and afterwards permanently on a farm located on the \nState road between Rocheport and Columbia, five and one-half miles \n66 \n\n\n\n1042 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfrom the latter place. It was on this farm that James H. Lowrey was \nborn, October 14, 1829. He remained with his parents until he \nattained his majority. In 1850 he made an overland journey to Cali- \nfornia, where he followed freighting from Stockton to various mines, \ncontinuing this business until the spring of 1853, when he returned \nhon^e by way of Panama and New Orleans. He returned to California \nthe same year, taking a drove of stock to Stockton, which he sold, \nreturning overland to his home in 1854. In the fall of that year he \npurchased a farm in Johnson county, where he resided until 1861. He \nwas married March 1st, 1855, to Miss Mary J., daughter of John and \nJane Maxwell, of Boone county. In 1861 he enlisted in Capt. Har- \nvey McKinney\'s company and regiment in which he served until 1862, \nwhen he returned home and brought his family to Boone county. \nWhile here he was arrested by Federal soldiers and imprisoned in \nColumbia for several months. Havino- taken the oath of alleg-iance \nand given bond, he was set at liberty and allowed to remain at his \nhome in this county. In 1864 he went to Texas, where he again \njoined the Confederate army and was made second Lieutenant of Com- \npany K, Col. Williams\'s regiment, Shelby\'s brigade, remaining with \nthis command until the close of the war, June I6th, 1865, when he \nreturned to Boone county and resumed farming. In 1867 he sold his \nfarm in Johnson county and removed to Boone, buying the farm upon \n^hich he now resides containing 430 acres. In 1879 he went to \nMontana Territory, taking with him a car load of stock which he sold \nto good advantages. Mr. Lowrey has eleven children, eight daughters \nand three sons, all of whom are living. He is a member of the \nRocheport lodge of A. F. and A. M. \n\nMILTON HUFF LOWREY. \n\nMilton Huff Lowrey, son of Milton and Martha A. (Hurst) Low- \nrey, was born in Missouri township, near the old Hunt farm, March \n11th, 1847. In early life he attended the public schools, finishing his \neducation at the Missouri State University. His father died when he \nwas an infant. He remained on the farm with his mother until he was \nsixteen years old, when he began to work for himself. He made an \noverland trip to California where he remained for four years, spend- \ning most of the time farming. In 1868 he returned to Boone county \nand purchased a farm near his birthplace. He worked this place \nuntil 1871, when he purchased the farm upon which he now lives, con- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1043 \n\ntaining 160 acres, situated near Midway. May 26th, 1874, he mar- \nried Miss Luelhi Bedford, of near Midway, by whom he has four sous : \nClaude, Bedford, Lenious and an infant not yet named. \n\nFRANCIS MARION LOWREY. \n\nHon. Francis Marion Lowrey, farmer and stock-raiser, is the eldest \nof the three living sons of James S. aud Nancy Lowrey, old pioneer \nsettlers of Boone county, who came to Missouri in 1818 and settled \non a farm near Walnut Grove church, in 1819. In 1826 they settled \nthe old Lowrey homestead, five and one-half miles east of Rocheport, \non the old Columbia and Rocheport road, where the subject of this \nsketch was born, October 20th, 1827, There were no public schools \nin his neighborhood during his minority, hence he was compelled to \neducate himself by hard study and close application. He remained \nwith his parents until he was twenty-one years old, when he com- \nmenced working for himself. In 1849 he went to California, where \nhe worked successfully in the mines uutil 1851. In 1853 he returned \nto that State in company with his brothers, James H. and Benjamin \nF., taking out a drove of stock which they disposed of at Stockton \nand San Francisco, where he and his brother Benjamin remained and \ndealt in stock until 1855, when they returned together and rented the \nold homestead where they farmed until 1857, when he purchased a \nstock farm in Johnson county, Missouri, which he cultivated until the \nbreaking out of the war, in 1861. Mr. Lowrey enlisted in McCown\'s \ncompany and regiment. Confederate army, Avhere he served for six \nmonths. For the next four months he served in Capt. Branaugh\'s \ncompany. In the spring of 1862 he was elected captain by Company \nF, of the 16th Regiment of Missouri Infantry, serving until the fall \nof 1862, when he resigned and returned to Missouri for the purpose \nof recruiting a cavalry regiment. In the month of December follow- \ning, while recruiting, he was captured by the Federal soldiers and \nimprisoned for a few weeks in the State University at Columbia. From \nthere he was taken to St. Louis and placed in the Gratiot Street \nprison until July, 1863, when he was sent to Alton, Illinois, where he \nremained a prisoner until the spring of 1865. The Alton prison Avas \nvacated soon after the assassination of President Lincoln, and he was \nonce more taken to the Gratiot Street prison, St. Louis, where he \nremained until July, 1865, when he was released on taking the oath. \nHe came home and spent the next year in Boone and Lafayette, going \nby steamboat and stage to Diamond City, Montana, in 1866. He \n\n\n\n1044 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfollowed mining until 1870, when he was elected a member of the \nMontana legislature from Jefferson county. In 1872 he returned to \nBoone county and purchased the|farm on which he now resides. This \nfarm contains 240 acres. Mr. Lowrey has up to this date (1882) \nremained a bachelor. He is a member of the Rocheport Lodge, A. \nr. and A. M., and a member of Columbia Chapter No. 18, R. A. M. \n\nSAMUEL WALLACE MAXWELL. \n\nSamuel Wallace Maxwell was born in Madison county, Kentucky, \nMay 26th, 1826. He is the son of John and Jane Maxwell, who came \nto Boone county in 1832 and settled on the farm now owned by F. \nM. Lowrey, near Midway, where the subject of this sketch was raised \nand lived until attaining his majority. In 1850 he went overland to \nCalifornia, where he followed mining in several places until 1852. \nHaving been successful in his labors he returned home by way of \nPanama and New Orleans. He served six months in the Enrolled \nMissouri Militia, under Captain Tyre Harris, of Col. J. B.Douglass\' \nregiment. He has been married three times. His first wife was Miss \nSallie A. Boggs, of Boone county, whom he married, April 22d, 1852. \nFour children were born of this marriage, James O. and John W., \nboth of Oregon, and Amanda and Charles C, still living at home. He \nmarried his second wife. Miss Lucy J. Croswhite, of Boone county, \nOctober 30th, 1871. She died October 30th, 1874. He married his \nthird wife, Mrs. Rosa Noe, February 17th, 1876. Himself and wife \nare members of Sugar Creek Baptist church. \n\nNEWMAN THOMKINS MITCHELL, FATHER AND SON. \n\nNewman T. Mitchell, Sr., is one of the few now living who can of \nright class themselves among the pioneers of Boone county. He was \nborn near Dumfries, Prince William county, Virginia, March 12th, \n1807. His parents removed in 1817 to Madison county, Kentucky, \nand a few years later to Franklin county. He remained with his par- \nents until he was eighteen years old, attending in the meantime such \nschools as were within his reach. Wishing to educate him for a pro- \nfession, his father proposed sending him to college, but the young \nman having no predilection that way, declined the offer. His father \nthen gave him permission to do for himself in his own way, and he ac- \ncordingly entered the boot and shoe store of Daniel Bell, of Wood- \nford county, Kentucky. He was employed to keep the books of the \n\xe2\x80\xa2establishment, and remained long enough to learn the trade, when he \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1045 \n\nreturned home. He and his brother now took charge of the homestead \ndevotmg their time to farming and trading in stock. In 1827 he went \nto Frankfort, Kentucky, where he was employed by Frank Blair, Sr., \nas superintendent or overseer, remaining in this business one year. \nIn the spring of 1828 he came to Missouri with his father and settled \nin Howard county. On the 4th of September, following, he was mar- \nried to Miss Priscilla Hughes. He came to Boone county soon after \nhis marriage and settled on a tract of land upon which he now \nlives. His first wife having died, August 22d, 1856, Mr. Mitchell \nwas again married, December 10th, 1857 to Miss Kitty Slack, of \nBoone county, by whom he has two children. Pearl and Earnest. By \nhis first wife he had four children : Elizabeth , wife of Sidney Den- \nham, deceased ; Newman Tompkins, Jr. ; Cordelia, wife of S. L. \nWilhite, and William J., all of whom are living in Boone county. \nMr. Mitchell has been a member of Walnut Grove Baptist church \nfor sixty years, and has served as deacon for forty-five years. His \nwife has been a member of the same church for twenty-five years. \nHis first wife was one of the original members of Walnut Grove \nchurch. . \n\nNewman T. Mitchell, Jr., was born near Rocheport, Boone county, \nMissouri, September 1st, 1832. He is the son of Newman and Pris- \ncilla (Hughes) Mitchell. He was educated at the common schools \nof the neighborhood, and commenced business for himself at the age \nof twenty, though still living with his parents. In 1852 his father \nproposed sending him to the Missouri State University, but he pre- \nfered remaining on the farm at a salary. From 1853 to 1857 he \nworked his father\'s farm on the shares. He was married, October \n6th, 1856, to Miss Hannah, daughter of Porter Jackman, of Howard \ncounty, Missouri. The year following he moved to a tract of land \ngiven him by his father, which formed the nucleus of the farm he now \nowns, consisting of four hundred acres. In 1866 he became one of \nthe proprietors of the Columbia and Rocheport rock road. He has \nseven children. John T. is cashier of the Centralia, Missouri, bank, \nand Porter J. is a practicing physician, being a graduate of the Mis- \nsouri Medical College, St. Louis. Newman T., William M., Carter \nW, , Exie and Orie are living with their parents. Himself and wife are \nmembers of the Baptist church at Walnut Grove, of which he has been \ndeacon for twelve years. He has also filled the position of superin- \ntendent of Sunday school, at intervals, for fourteen years. During \n1879 he was appointed a member of the executive board of State mis- \n\n\n\n1046 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nsions by the general association, which position he still holds. He is \nalso one of the curators of Stephens Female College, Columbia, Mis- \nsouri, having been appointed such by the State association in 1880. \n\nWILLIAM JEREMIAH MITCHELL. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Boone county, Missouri, \nDecember 7, 1840. He was raised on a farm, four miles- northeast \nof Rocheport, and educated at the Walnut Grove school house. He \nis the son of Newman Mitchell, Sr., one of the pioneer settlers of \nBoone county. When twenty-one years old he began working on a \nfarm owned by his father. This place was given to him in 1867, and \nin 1874 he exchanged it for a farm in the same vicinity, and in 1876 \nexchanged this for the place he now occupies, one and one-half miles \neast of Walnut Grove church. His farm contains one hundred and \nthirty acres. He is actively engaged in farming and stock raising. \nDuring the years intervening between 1862 and 1872, he travelled ex- \ntensively in Illinois, Iowa, Nebraska and Colorado. He is a member \nof the Walnut Grove Baptist church, and has been since 1864. \n\nJAMES HARVEY m\'GHEE. \n\nJames H. McGhee, son of Wyatt and Jane E. McGhee, was born \nin Washington county, Virginia, near Seven Mile Ford, July 4, 1818. \nIn 1824 he came with his parents to Missouri, and settled near what is \nnow known as Walnut Grove church, on the Rocheport and Columbia \nrock road. He remained with his parents until 1839, when he was \nmarried, January 29th, to Mary, daughter of Abram Funk, of Boone \ncounty. He then moved on to a farm in the Perche bottom, belong- \ning to his father, situated near his present home, which was given to \nhim by his father. In 1859 Mr. McGhee made a trip to Pike\'s Peak \nin quest of gold, reports of rich diggings having reached Missouri from \nthat region. Finding none he returned home, remaining only two \nweeks in the mountains. In 1838 he was commissioned by the gov- \nernor an officer in the State militia. The troops were called out to \nput down the Mormon insurrection, and Mr. McGhee, among others, \nresponded promptly to the callj and remained under arms until the \ndifficulty was settled. In 1836, he assisted the government survey- \ning party, under William Shields, of Boone county, while surveying \nthe southwestern portion of this State. During the late war Mr. Mc- \nGhee was an earnest, out-spoken friend of the South, and suffered \nscAcrely for his advocacy of Southern principles. He was early iden- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1047 \n\ntified with the South, having been deputized to enroll the militia of \nMissouri township. In 1863 he was arrested by the United States \ntroops, on the charge of giving aid and comfort to Confederate sol- \ndiers. He was first impfrisoned at Columbia, then taken to St. Louis, \nand finally to Kichmond, Virginia, to be exchanged, but being a citi- \nzen he could not be disposed of in this way. He was finally dis- \ncharged, but as he was returning home he was arrested at St. Louis, \nand made to give a bond of $2,000 before he was allowed his freedom. \nHe has five children, Mary Jane, wife of James S. Langdon, of Texas ; \nJames W., of Columbia, Mary Ellen, wife of Melvin P. McGhee, of \nLeadville, Colorado; Hienry A., of Boone; and William Wallace, of \nColumbia, Missouri. Mr. and Mrs. McGhee are members of the \nLocust Grove Methodist church. \n\nWILLARD J. m\'QUITTY, \n\nThe genial editor and proprietor of the Eocheport Commercial, is \nthe oldest son of Thomas F. and Elizabeth McQuitty, and was born \non a farm in Boone county, near Columbia, September 15, 1857. \nWhen he was thirteen years old his parents moved to Columbia, and \nthere Willard J. was educated, attending the University till his eight- \neenth year. He then began learning the printer\'s trade with Ed. W. \nStephens, in the office of the Columbia Herald. Soon mastering the \nmysteries of the "typo\'s" profession, he was made foreman of the \nHerald establishment, which position he held for five years. In \nApril, 1879, Mr. McQuitty and his brother, James E., purchased the \nRocheport Co7nmercial, a Democratic paper in the above town, and a \nfew months later Willard J. bought out the brother\'s interest, making \nhim the sole manager. He has continued to publish that journal \never since, and is the fifth man who has edited it, and, so far, the only \none who seems to have made it a success. Mr. McQuitty was mar- \nried Dec. 25, 1881, to Miss Maggie Hines, daughter of J. H. Hines, of \nJoplin, Mo. Mr. McQ. has always been a Democrat, and runs his paper \nin the interest of that great party. He is a member of the Missouri Press \nAssociation, and his youth and ambition, combined with education \nand energy, will certainly place him in the ranks of successful jour- \nnalists, should he continue that most worthy vocation. \n\nDAVID W. m\'QUITTY \n\nIs also a native of Boone county, and was born near Rocheport, Feb- \nruary 10, 1853. His parents were David and Susan McQuitty, old \n\n\n\n1048 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nresidents of Boone. He continued to live with his parents on the \nfarm till in his twentieth year, and there obtained the rudiments of \nhis education. Subsequently he attended Mount Pleasant College, at \nHuntsville, Eandolph county, Missouri, and was a student of that \nschool for three years. When ready to begin life for himself, Mr. \nMcQuitty purchased a farm of 240 acres, three and one half miles \nnortheast of Rocheport, which he still owns and operates. In addi- \ntion to the ordinary routine of farming and stock-raising, Mr. McQ. \nhas made a speciality of line sheep breeding, chiefly the Spanish \nmerino. His object in this was not alone to improve his own stock \nand derive a profit therefrom, but was actuated by the worthy motive \nof having his neighbors get the benefit of the same. In the winter \nof 1882 he imported a flock of the Robinson- Atwood blood from Ver- \nmont. These breeders are recorded in the Vermont Stock Register, \nand their average yield of fleece is, for males 16 lbs., for females 15 lbs. \nIn December, 1873, Mr. McQuitty was united in marriage to Miss \nAnnie O. Lientz, daughter of Montgomery Lientz, Esq. They have \ntwo children, Montgomery L., and Harry W. Mr. McQ. is a mem- \nber of the Walnut Grove Baptist church, and is an exemplary citizen \nand kind neighbor. \n\nJAMES AUGUSTUS m\'QUITTY. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Perche township, Boone \ncounty, Missouri, December 1, 1830. He is the son of G. W. \nMcQuitty, one of the successful pioneer farmers of Boone county. \nIt was through the enterprise and industry of such men as G. W. \nMcQuitty that Boone county received an impetus which placed it far \nahead of all the neighboring counties, a position it still holds in point \nof stability, refinement and culture, and but for superior railroad \nfacilities possessed by other counties, it would have distanced all its \ncompetitors in wealth and enterprise. The father of James A. \nMcQuitty came to Boone county in 1810. The subject of this sketch \nremained on his father\'s farm until 1849, when he went to California. \nHe worked in the mines for several years, returning to Boone county \nin 1853. He was successful in mining, having accumulated sufficient \nmoney to purchase the farm upon which he now resides, containing \n353 acres. In 1864 he enlisted in Capt. John Maxwell\'s company, \nWilliams\'s regiment, Shelby\'s brigade. Confederate cavalry, remaining \nwith this command until the close of the war, when he returned home \nand resumed the active duties of life. Mr. McQuitty was married \nJune 13, 1851, to Miss Dicie Emma, daughter of Solomon Barnett, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1049" \n\nof Howard county. There were seven children by this marriage : \nJulia A., wife of William Hart, of Centralia, Missouri ; and John L., \nLilly, May, Dora|B,, Joel M., James M. and George B., yet remain- \ning at home. Mrs. McQuitty died May 12, 1879. Mr. McQuitty is \na member of the]Walnut Grove Baptist church, and has been since \n1853. He is also a member of the Rocheport lodge of A. F. and A. \nM. At the time of her death Mrs. McQuitty was also a member of \nthe Walnut Grove church. \n\nTHOMAS FIELDING m\'QUITTY. \n\nThomas F. McQuitty was born near Thrall\'s Prairie, now known \nas the Model Farm, May 3, 1833, where he lived until he was ten \nyears old, whenjiis parents removed to the farm now owned by James \nA. McQuitty. Thomas grew to manhood on this farm, attending the \ncommon schools and availing himself of every opportunity of procur- \ning an education. He began life for himself as a farmer, renting the \nland he cultivated. In 1870 he removed to Columbia, where he \nworked at the carpenter\'s trade until 1882, when he purchased and \nremoved to the farm upon which he now lives, known as the old Joel \nWhite farm, containing 160 acres. Mr. McQuitty was married Octo- \nber 18, 1855, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Joel and Elizabeth Wil- \nhite, of Boone county. They have eight living children. The oldest \nson, Willard G., is editor and proprietor of the Rocheport Commer- \ncial. The second son, James E., is foreman of the Columbia, Mis- \nsouri, Herald office. The other children are at home with their \nparents. Mr. and Mrs. McQuitty, and the four oldest of their chil- \ndren, are members of the Baptist church at Columbia. Mr. Mc- \nQuitty was deputy marshal of Columbia in 1881. In 1864-5 he was \na soldier in the Confederate army, being a member of Capt. John \nMaxwell\'s company, Williams\'s regiment, Shelby\'s brigade. His com- \nmand surrendered at Alexandria, Louisiana, in the spring of 1865, \nwhen he returned home and resumed the active duties of life. He is \na firm, resolute, hard-working man, whose principal aim in life has \nV>een to raise, educate and prepare his children for the active duties \nand responsibilities of life. \n\nALEXANDER ROBINSON NICHOLS. \n\nAlexander Robinson Nichols was born in Missouri township, on the \nRocky Fork, a tributary of the Perche, May 25, 1833. When quite \nyoung he removed with his parents to a farm in the vicinity of Colum- \n\n\n\n1050 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbia, where his father died. When ten years old, his mother removed \nwith her family to Buchanan county, Missouri, where they lived and \ncultivated a farm until 1856. He began to do for himself when fif- \nteen years old, but contributed liberally of his earnings toward the \nsupport of his widowed mother and such members of the family as . \nwere too young to provide for their own wants. His mother was ever \nan object of earnest and tender solicitude up to the day of her death in \n1874. From 1856 to 1860 he worked at farming in various places. He \nfinally settled upon the farm he now occupies. Mr. Nichols was mar- \nried April 12, 1860, to Miss Angeline, daughter of Winston Via, who \ncame to Boone county in 1832, and bought and improved the farm \nupon which the subject of this sketch now resides, known as the old \nWinston Via place. They have but one child, Annie, who is still at \nhome with her parents. Mr. Nichols is one of the most substantial \nfarmers in his section of the country. All the affairs of life seem \ntending towards his prosperity and happiness, and justly, for his has \nbeen a busy, enterprising and exemplary life. \n\nELVIN JEFFERSON NICHOLS. \n\nE. J, Nichols, farmer and stocktrader, was born in Barren county, \nKentucky, April 29, 1825. He came to Boone county, Missouri, \nwith his parents, arriving at their destination in the month of Decem- \nber, 1829. They settled five miles northwest of Columbia on a small \ntributary of the Perche, called the Eocky Fork, where the subject of \nthis sketch grew to manhood. The little education he received was \nobtained at subscription schools which were attended at long intervals. \nThe elder Nichols being a carpenter, Elvin was brought up to that \ntrade, and assisted his father in the shop when not working on the \nfarm. He remained with his parents until he had attained his major- \nity, when he began to work for himself. March 25, 1845, he was \nmarried to Miss Polly Ann, daughter of James and Nancy Hawkins, \npioneer settlers of Boone county. After his marriage, Mr. Nichols \nsettled on the farm he now occupies, in the northern part of Missouri \ntownship, containing 450 acres. In 1850 he made an overland trip \nto California, where he remained one year working in the mines. He \nthen took passage on a sail vessel for home. While oft" the coast of \nLower California, the vessel was caught in a fierce western gale and \nwas blown 1,500 miles to sea, prolonging the voyage sixty-seven \ndays. There were 370 passengers, necessitating a short allowance of \nfood and water for many days. The portion allowed to each Individ- \n\n\n\n\n\'^Uyiy^^ \n\n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1051 \n\nual finally dwindled to one pint of water and two crackers once in \ntwenty-four hours. The tropical heat was severe and many sickened \nand died of fever ere they reached port. Arriving at Panama, he and \nseveral others attempted to walk to Chagres, but gave out on the way. \nThey were compelled to purchase a mule ere they reached their des- \ntination. From Chagres he sailed for New Orleans in a steamer, ar- \nriving home in April, 1851. From 1860 to 1872, Mr. Nichols bought \nand shipped stock to eastern markets, his shipping points being Con- \ncordia, Columbia and Sturgeon. In 1873 he bought and fed a herd \nof cattle in Saline county, and in 1878 he handled over 200,000 \npounds of pork which he sold in eastern markets. In 1864 he was \ndrafted as a soldier in the Union army, but hired a substitute. During \nthe same year he was arrested on a charge of giving aid and comfort \nto Bill Anderson\'s guerrillas, and was taken to Macon City and put in \nprison. He soon gave bail and was set at liberty. He has eight chil- \ndren. The oldest son, William Hite, is a Baptist minister, a graduate of \nthe Southern Baptist Theological Seminary at Louisville, Kentucky ; \nJohn J, ; Nancy A., wife of Henry Naylor ; George Martin, a medical \nstudent of the State University ; Rhoanna, wife of Samuel Morris ; \nEddie E., Robert E. L. and Overton. Mr. Nichols and his wife and \ntheir children are members of the Baptist Church. \n\nJUDGE DAVID PIPES \n\nWas born in Washington (now Boyle) county, Kentucky, near the \ncity of Danville, March 31, 1811. His parents moved to Missouri \nwhen he was six years old, and settled in Boone county, then a part of \nHoward. [See chapter on early boundaries.] Here he resided with his \nfather\'s family and worked on the farm till he was 18 years old. Then \nhe began learning the gunsmith\'s trade with John G. Phillips, in the \nlocality of his father\'s residence, and worked with his " boss " for three \nyears. He then established a shop of his own in Howard county, in \n1831. The Black Hawk war broke out soon afterwards, and Mr. \nPipes enlisted for its suppression and served till the close in \nthe battalion under Maj. John B. Clark. Returning to Howard \ncounty, he resumed his trade, and also purchased a small farm which \nhe operated in addition to his shop work. When the Mormon war \ncame on, he again volunteered for service, and was in a short time \n^ \' orderly " in the company commanded by Capt. Jared Robinson. \nReturning once more to his shop and farm, he drove those peaceful \nvocations till the gold fever seized him in 1850. He crossed the plains \n\n\n\n1052 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nto California, where after miniiiga short time at Placerville, he pro- \nceeded to Stockton, where he purchased a team and engaged in the \nthen lucrative vocation of freighting until March, 1851, when he came \nhome. He sold his property in Howard in 1852, and moved into \nBoone county and purchased the farm where he now resides, in Mis- \nsouri township. His homestead contains 350 acres, and he also owns \nanother 2V2 miles distant from the former. Judge Pipes was married, \nDecember 23, 1832, to Mrs. Mary Williams, a widow lady of Howard \ncounty. They have three children, George, Charles, and Julia A., \nwife of George W. Drake, of Howard county. Judge Pipes has al- \nways been a successful manager in his private affairs, insomuch that \nhis neighbors and the public were constrained to demand his services \nofficially. He was appointed justice of the peace by the county court \nin 1840, and elected subsequently and retained 9 years. In 1876, he \nwas elected associate justice of the county court, and in 1878 was \nelected presiding justice, Avhich position he still holds. Judge Pipes \nand all his family are members of the Christian church, he being one \nof the elders of Big Spring church, in Howard county. \n\nJOHN HUGHES SAMPSON. \n\nJohn H. Sampson, farmer and stock raiser, was born in Richmond, \nMadison county, Kentucky, April 6, 1818. His parents were Richard \nand Mary (Watkins) Sampson. He was educated at the Richmond \nSeminary. When eighteen years of age his parents removed to Mis- \nsouri and settled near Rocheport, arriving at their destination in the \nfall of 1839. The elder Sampson purchased a tract of land containing \n360 acres, now known as the Sampson homestead. The son remained \nwith his parents until 1842, when he married Miss Martha A., daugh- \nter of Michael and Martha E. Woods, pioneer settlers of Boone \ncounty, having emigrated from Kentucky to Missouri in 1816. After \nhis marriage, Mr. Sampson removed to a farm of 126 acres given him \nby his father. This was the nucleus of his present estate, to which \nhe has added 361 acres, making in all 487 acres. He has devoted \nmost of his life to agricultural pursuits, allowing nothing to interfere \nwith or impede^his eflbrts in that direction. He has ten children : \nRichard Henry, Michael Woods, Mary Watkins, Martha Denney, Mar- \ngaret Francis, Sarah Caroline, John Thomas, Julia Elizabeth, William \nArthur, and Walter Irvin, all under the parental roof. They lost one \nson, James D., who died in 1863, aged two years and six months. \nMr. Sampson, wife and four children are members of the Walnut \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1053 \n\nGrove Baptist church, of which he has been a deacon for fifteen years, \nand clerk for twenty-four years. In 1868 he and seven other enter- \nprising citizens of Boone county bought up the stock of the Colum- \nbia and Eocheport turnpike, assuming a debt of $7,000, which they \nhave since paid, and have maintained the road ever since. \n\nTHOMAS WATKINS SAMPSON. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Eichmond, Madison county, \nKentucky, October 6, 1815. He is the son of Eichard and Mary \n(Watkins) Sampson. His father was born in Baltimore county, Ma- \nryland, July 20, 1780. Mary, daughter of Absalom Watkins, and \nmother of Thomas Watkins Sampson, was born in Albemarle county, \nVirginia, March 15, 1789. Eichard Sampson and Mary Watkins \nwere married in Eichmond, Madison county, Kentucky, \nMarch 14th, 1811. The subject of this sketch was in rather \nfeeble health in early manhood, and spent several years travelling in \nthe Southern States. He spent several winters in New Orleans and \nMobile, and in the fall of 1848 was stricken down with the yellow \nfever while in New Orleans. In the spring of 1849, in company with \nthe distinguished mountaineer, guide, and Indian fighter, Capt. Jim \nKirker, and two Delaware Indian scouts and hunters, he crossed the \nplains to Santa Fe, New Mexico, passing through Colorado. From \nSanta Fe, they passed through the State of Sonora, old] Mexico, and \nArizona Territory, by way of the Pima Indian villages and Tucson ; \nthen across the desert to San Diego, and thence to San Francisco by \nsea, returning home in the spring of 1852, after an absence of three \nyears. This trip proved very beneficial to Mr. Sampson, his health \nhaving been fully restored by the journey. In the spring of 1846 he \nassisted in raising a company of volunteer cavalry to join Gen. Price\'s \narmy which was to cross the plains from Fort Leavenworth to New \nMexico, at the beginning of the Mexican war. Mr. Sampson was \nelected second lieutenant of this company. Owing to the large num- \nber of volunteer companies offering their services at the time, his com- \npany was too late to be accepted. Mr. Sampson, however, accepted a \nsituation in the quartermaster\'s department, atFort Leavenworth, and \nremained there until the close of the season, forwarding trains across \nthe plains with supplies for Price\'s army. He then went to New Or- \nleans, and was in that city when our troops returned from Mexico. \nMr. Sampson seems to have manifested a fondness for military life at \nquite an early age. He was commissioned a captain of militia when \n\n\n\n1054 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbut nineteen years old, by Governor James Clark, of Kentucky. At \nthe age of twenty he received a major\'s commission in the same regi- \nment, signed by Governor James Morehead. He cast his first vote \nfor Cassius M. Clay for member of the Legislature in 1847. After \ncoming to Missouri he voted with the Whig party until 1856, when he \nvoted for James Buchanan for President. He was a member of the \nDemocratic Sta,te Convention at Jefferson City in 1860, and voted for \nC. F. Jackson for Governor ; has been a Democrat ever since, but did \nnot vote for Horace Greeley for President ; voted for Gen. Grant each \ntime he was elected President. Mr. Sampson was married in Roche- \nport, November 2, 1848, b}^ Rev. David Coulter, of the Presbyterian \nchurch, to Miss Lessie B., daughter of G. W. C. and Jane Melody. \nMr. Sampson is a member of the Episcopal church at Columbia, \nMissouri ; Mrs. Sampson is a member of the Presbyterian church. \nRichard Sampson, father of the subject of this sketch, was baptized \nin the Episcopalian church, in Baltimore county, Maryland. Mary \nWatkins was baptized in the Protestant Episcopal church, in Virghiia, \nin 1830. She afterwards united with the Presbyterian church, at Rich- \nmond, Kentucky, there being no Episcopal church in that place. \nRichard Sampson never united with any other church, but remained \nas a baptized member of the Episcopal church to the day of his death. \nThomas Watkins Sampson is a farmer, having a comfortable home \nnear Rocheport. He has a large collection of books, and derives his \ngreatest pleasure from intellectual pursuits. He is a great reader, \nand spends much of his time with his books. \n\nROBERT EVANS SCOTT. \n\nRobert Evans Scott was born in Orange county, New York, Novem- \nber 20th, 1809. When he was two years old his parents removed to \nMonongahela county, Virginia, where he lived with his mother until \n1833, his father having died when he was nine years old. Although \nmaking his home with his mother, he began work for himself when \nabout sixteen years of age. In 1833 he went to Ligonier, Pennsylva- \nnia, where he followed the occupation of a mill-wright. When not \nengaged in this business he worked at the cabinet maker\'s trade. In \nthe spring of 1836 he returned to Virginia, going thence to Elkhart, \nIndiana, where he worked at the cabinet maker\'s trade until 1839, \nwrhen he came to Missouri. He stopped for a short time at St. Louis, \ngoing from there to Palestine, Cooper county, where he remained \nuntil 1840. In June of that year he removed to Boone county and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 10 5 5 \n\nsettled at Columbia where he and his brother, George W. Scott, \nfollowed the trade of mill-wrights. In 1840 they built a grist-mill for \nReuben Black on Hinkson creek, one and one-half miles south of \nColumbia. In 1841 thej built a mill for Northcup & McCarty on \nPerche creek, the site being where the Gillaspy bridge now stands. \nThe same year they built a mill for Hersh & Stapleton on Callaham \ncreek, seven miles west of Columbia, on what is now known as the \nGen. Hatton place. In the spring of 1842, Mr. Scott went to Farm- \nington, Van Buren county, low^a, where he lived two years. While \nthere he built a lock on the Des Moines river, near Farmington, for \nthe Plymouth Mill Company. On leaving Iowa he returned to Boone \ncounty and resumed farming, working, also, at his trade, until 1849, when \nhe went over land to California. While there he was engaged in \ntrading, mining and freighting. He also built a hotel for Col. P. W. \nNoble and Archie Stephenson, at French Camp, near Stockton. In \n1851 he returned home by way of Panama and New Orleans. On \narriving in Boone county he purchased the farm on which he now \nlives, consisting of seven hundred acres, three miles west of Colum- \nbia. During the civil war he \\yas arrested and imprisoned at Columbia \nfor about two months on account of his Southern proclivities. He \no;ave bond and was allowed to return to his home. Mr. Scott was \nmarried in the winter of 1841 to Miss Ann H. Oldham, of Boone \ncounty. Seven children were born of this marriage, six of whom are \nnow living. Warwick M. is a prosperous merchant of Columbia, \nMissouri. Eugene is a farmer, and lives in Boone county. Adolphus \nG. is a clerk in a store at Marshall, Missouri ; Frank P., Wallace W. \nand Robert Emmett are still living with their parents. One son^ \nLawrence, was killed in the Confederate army, near Springfield, Mis- \nsouri, in 1864. \n\nCHARLES E. SEXTON. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of George and Sarah Sexton \nand was born[on the old Sexton farm, eight miles northwest of Co- \nlumbia, February 3d, 1819. His father was one of the most active \nand enterprising citizens of the county, and was widely known through- \nout this and the western portion of the State, being for twenty-four \nyears the sole^contractor for carrying the mails west of St. Louis. Thia \nwas a large business for one man, but George Sexton was always \nequal to all his undertakings. He came to Missouri in 1817 and \nsettled on the farm where the subject of this sketch was born twa \nyears later. When ten years old Charles was put on a mail route \xc2\xbb \n\n\n\n1056 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ncarrying between way stations on horseback. He carried the first \nmail-bag ever delivered at the post-office in Rocheport, Missouri. As \nhe grew older he was intrusted with much of his father\'s business, and \ntravelled extensively over the various routes between St. Louis and \nLeavenworth. Li 1835, when but sixteen years old, he was married \nto Miss Elizabeth, daughter of Nicholas Gentry, of Boone county. \nIn 1839 he began to work in his father\'s carriage and repairing shops, \nsituated on the old home place. He remained in the shops nntil 1845, \nwhen he engaged in the milling business, which he has followed, with \nslight intermissions, ever since. Li 1850 he engaged in the mule \ntrade with Moses U. Payne, buying in Missouri and selling in the \nSouth. He followed this business, in connection with wagon and car- \nriage-making, for ten years. His shops were on Thrall\'s Prairie, now \nknown as the Model Farm, a portion of which he owned for fifteen years. \nIn 1860 he resumed saw-milling, which he has followed at various \npUices in Boone county ever since. He settled at Midway in the fall \nof 1880. He has been twice married. His first wife dying in 1839, \nhe was married, in 1840, to Miss Mary Elizabeth, daughter of Peter \nMcDonald, of Howard county, by whopi he has three children ; Gesse \nGreen and Millard Payne, of Millersburg, Callaway county, Missouri, \nand Sallie J., wife of T. C. Scruggs, of Columbia. By the first mar- \nriage there were two children, William, of Columbia, and George S., \nkilled in the Confederate army in 1864. From 1840 to 1850, Mr. \nSexton was a justice of the peace. Mr. and Mrs. Sexton are members \nof the Methodist church at Columbia. He has been an active member \nsince 1835, part of the time acting as steward and class-leader. He is \na member of Twilight lodge, No. 114, A. F. and A. M. of Columbia.. \n\nWILLIAM SLADE, DECEASED. \n\nThe deceased gentleman, whose name heads this sketch, was one of \nthe old settlers of Boone county. He was born in the State of Ver- \nmont, March 15th, 1810. His parents moved with him to New York, \nwhen he was quite young, where he lived with them until reaching \nmanhood. In about 1840 he came to Missouri, and located in Colum- \nbia, Boone county, where he operated as a mechanic, and assisted in \nthe building of the University. In 1842, he went to Kocheport, and \nthere engaged in the grocery business for, probably, two years. He \nthen sold out, and was for one year engaged in superintending the \nerection of a tobacco factory for J. A. Hadwin. Next he was asso- \nciated with a man named Collins in the mercantile business, continuing \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1057 \n\nthus for three years, when Collins retired from the firm. T. M. \nSmith and Fayette Kirby next came in as partners, and they remamed \ntogether till 1850, when Mr. Slade sold out to go to California. He \nspent two years in the gold mines of that State, and on his return was \nelected justice of the peace, in which capacity he served several years. \nDuring the war, he was postmaster at Rocheport till 1863, when he \nwas elected (or appointed) representative in the State legislature. \nAfter this, he was again elected justice and also commissioned notary \npublic, which he held to the time of his death, on the 10th of May, 1869. \nHis works go to show that he was a very ingenious and industrious \nman ; and the macadamizing, guttering and crossings made by him in \nEocheport are models of artistic skill. In the fall of 1869, his widow, \nMrs. S. M. Slade, was appointed postmistress to succeed her husband, \nwhich position she still holds, transacting the business connected there- \nwith by the aid of her son, William, who is her deputy. Mrs. Slade \nreceived her appointment from Gen. U. S. Grant, then President. \n\nWARREN A. SMITH. \n\nWarren A. Smith was born in Boone county, Missouri, June 8th, \n1837. He is a son of the late Capt. Wm. Smith, a sketch of whose \nlife may be found in the biography of his youngest son, Fielding \nW. Smith. Capt. Smith was the father of nine children, five of \nwhom are now living. The eldest son is in business in San Francisco, \nCalifornia ; William, the next youngest, lives in St. Louis. Oliver, \nlives in Mexico, Missouri. He is tiie son-in-law of Elder James Barnes, \nwhose biography may be found in this volume. Two sons. Fielding \nW., and the subject of this sketch, are citizens of Boone county. \nWarren A. Smith has spent most of his life on the farm. During \nthe late war he was engaged in the mercantile business at Quincy, Illi- \nnois. Subsequent to this, from 1855 to 1859, he was engaged in the \nsame business at Columbia, Missouri. He was married in 1863 to \nMiss Mary McKiuney, daughter of John C. McKinney. They have three \nchildren. Mr. Smith purchased a portion of the " Model Farm " in \n1882, and has made many improvements since getting possession of \nhis new home. His farm contains about one thousand acres. In his \nhome place \xe2\x80\x94 the " Model Farm " \xe2\x80\x94 he has about three hundred and \nforty acres. A large portion of his land is in grass. He makes a \nspecialty of short-horn cattle. Mr. Smith is a man of excellent taste \nand culture and delights in the beautiful as well as the useful. He is \nsurrounded with almost every comfort a man could wish for. He is \n67 \n\n\n\n1058 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\na farmer from choice, and takes the greatest pleasure in all that per- \ntains to his chosen avocation. He is a member of the Methodist \nchurch at Everett, and contributes liberally to the support of the \nGospel. \n\nHENRY TUMY \n\nWas born in Harrodsburg, Mercer county, Kentucky, August 10, \n1819. When he was three years old his parents moved to Peters- \nburg, Kentucky, and from there to Cincinnati, Ohio, when he was \nsix years old. A year later his father died of yellow fever at New \nOrleans, and Henry went with his mother to Dayton, Ohio, where she \ndied, leaving him alone in the world at the early age of eight years. \nHe was bound to a tanner named John Kuntz, with whom he lived \nsix years, learning something of the tanning business. At fourteen \nyears of age he set in to learn the saddle and harness maker\'s trades, \nat which he has worked ever since. In September, 1842, Mr. Tumy \ncame to this county and set up in the saddlery and harness business \nat Rocheport, and has continued so ever since, except the interrup- \ntions he was subjected to during the war. At the burning of Roche- \nport, so frequently mentioned in this volume, he lost heavily in \nbuildings and goods. Besides, he was, on another occasion, forced \nto raise $400 by Bill Anderson and his " bushwackers," which he \nborrowed of his neighbors and gave| up in ransom for his life. On \nthe return of peace he resumed his business, and by close attention \nthereto has regained his losses, conducting a tannery also in con- \nnection with his other business. On October 24, 1844, Mr. Tumy \nmarried Miss Georgia Evans, of Rocheport. They have eight chil- \ndren : Laura, Sarah, Nannie, Deborah, James, John, Henry and \nFrank. The girls are all married. The last named reside at home \nwith their father at this writing. Mr. Tumy is a member of the \nRocheport lodge. No. 67, A. F. and A. M., and of lodge No. 147, \nI. O. G. T. \n\nREV. MERIWEATHER L. A. VIA. \n\nRev. Meriweather Lewis Arlington Via, farmer and minister, was \nborn near Charlottesville, Albemarle county, Virginia, August 27th, \n1813. He is the son of Pleasant and Margaret E. Via. He remained \nwith his parents until nineteen years of age, when he began doing \nfor himself as a farm overseer, following this occupation until he was \ntwenty-four years old. In 1837 he engaged in blacksmithing, fol- \nlowing this business until 1842, when he sold out and removed to \nMissouri. In 1845 he purchased a farm near Everett, in Boone \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1059 \n\ncounty, where he remained until 1865, when he sold out and removed to \nCallaway county, Missouri. He remained there four years, returning to \nBoone in 1869, settling on the farm where he now lives, near Colum- \nbia. In addition to farming Mr. Via is a local minister of the Meth- \nodist Church South. He was licensed to preach in 1851, and was \nsubsequently ordained a deacon, at Louisiana, Missouri, by Bishop \nPierce, and was made an elder by Bishop Marvin, at Fulton, Missouri. \nHe was married January 3d, 1832, to Miss Mary Ann Watson, of \nAlbemarle county, Virginia, by whom he has four children : William, \na prosperous physician, whose biography appears elsewhere in this \nvolume ; John U., who is now superintending his father\'s farm ; Mar- \ngaret v., wife of Wingfield Conley, a farmer, of Missouri township, \nand Meriweather Benjamin, also a practicing physician. He was born \nin Albemarle county, Virginia, December, 1839. When he was three \nyears old his parents came to Missouri and settled in Boone county, \nwhere he was raised and educated. He remained with his parents un- \ntil he attained his majority, when he commenced teaching in the com- \nmon schools of Boone county. He also taught penmanship in Boone \nand the surrounding counties. In 1873 he began the study of medi- \ncine, under his brother, W. P. Via. From 1874 to 1875, inclusive, \nhe attended the lectures at the Missouri State University. In 1876 \nhe attended a course of lectures at the Medical College in St. Louis, \niinally graduating from Keokuk, Iowa, in 1881, when he began the \npractice of medicine in Missouri township, making his home with his \nfather three and one-half miles southwest of Columbia. \n\nWILLIAM PLEASANT VIA. \n\nWilliam Pleasant Via, M. D., was born in Albermarle county, Vir- \nginia, August 12th, 1842. His parents removed to Boone county, \nMissouri, in 1845. He was raised on a farm, attending the common \nschools until 1864, when he commenced the study of medicine under \nDr. John M. Shock, of Everett, Boone county, Missouri. In 1866-67 \nhe attended lectures at the Ohio Medical College, Cincinnati. In \n1870-71, he attended medical lectures at Pope\'s College, St. Louis, \ngraduating from that institution in March, 1871. After practicing \nhis profession in various places, and making a tour through the West- \nern and Northwestern States, he returned to Boone county in 1877 \nand resumed his former practice in the vicinity of Midway, at which \nplace he is permanently located. He has the patronage of a fine dis- \ntrict of country, getting all the practice he can attend to. In addi- \n\n\n\n1060 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntion to his regular practice, he is county physician, having the care \nof all patients at the county prison and infirmary. He was married \nJune 9th, 1877, to Miss Emma E., daughter of J. H. Ravenscraff, of \nBoone county. They have two children, Hugh Breinerd and Guy \nForrest. Dr. Via is a member of Twilight lodge, No. 144, A. F. \nand A. M., Columbia, Missouri. He was a Confederate soldier during \nthe civil war, having enlisted under Col, Harvey McKinney in 1861, \nserving until the winter of 1864, \n\nJOSHUA F. WHITE. \n\nThis gentleman, an old settler of Boone county, was born in Win- \nchester, Frederick county, Virginia, March 27th, 1813. When he \nwas nine years old his parents came to Missouri, and settled one mile \nnorth of Head\'s Fort, in Howard county. Joshua lived with the \nfamily on the farm, even after he became of age ; and when his father \nand mother became old and infirm, he, like a dutiful son, cared for \ntheir comfort and support till the time of their death. His mother \ndied first, at the age of eighty, in 1851, and his father died in 1858, \nao-ed eio-hty-six. Mr. White fell heir to the homestead, which he \nowned till 1860, when he sold it and moved to Rocheport, this county. \nBesides being a farmer, his father was master of the cooper\'s trade, \nwhich Joshua learned also. On coming to Rocheport he set up in \nthat business, and has continued in it ever since, Mr, White served \nin the Black Hawk war, in 1832, as scout under command of Captains \nCanowl and Pollard, In 1837 he volunteered for service in the \nFlorida war under Col, Richard Gentry, and was commissioned cap- \ntain of his company. He, howevej.% fell sick with a fever, and could \nnot move with his command, Lieut. Jackson taking command of the \ncompany. On the 25th of October, 1838, he was married to Miss \nMary Hern, of Boone county, by whom he has at this writing five \nliving children: Susan F., George W,, Ann, Josephine, and Mary. \nMrs, White died June 30th, 1856, Not many of these old pioneers \nare left, and the time must speedily come when all that we know of \nthem will be in vague tradition, unless, indeed, their names should be \nmentioned in history. But it is to them that the generations of this \nday owe their comfort and prosperity in this land of peace and plenty. \n\nTHOMAS WHITTLE. \n\nMr, Whittle was born in Stafi\'ordshire, England, April 24, 1825. \nIn early life he learned the trade of boot and shoe making, at which. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1061 \n\nhe has worked the greater portion of his life, or until 1869. When \nhe had attained his majority, or in the year 1846, he made a tour of \nEngland, visiting some of the principal cities. October 7, 1847, he \ncame to America, landing in New York City. This was the first trip \nof the vessel in which he sailed ; on her second she was lost. After \ntravelling through various States of the Union, Mr. Whittle landed \nin Columbia, June 6, 1852. He found it very difficult to obtain a \nhouse in which to do business, owing to the indisposition of the land- \nlords at that day to rent to newcomers, but in time, he found himself \nfirmly established, and became one of the countj\'^\'s best and most \nrespected citizens. \n\nMr. Whittle engaged in the boot and shoe business, upon his first \nsettling in Columbia, and steadily pursued his calling, making a full \nhand either on the bench, or behind the counter. He always kept \nhimself employed, and never found time to "loaf." By industry, \neconomy, and good management, in time he acquired the handsome \ncompetence which he now possesses. He has owned one of the best \nfarms in BooneJ county for fourteen years, and on this stands one of \nthe most handsome and comfortable residences in Central Missouri. \nIn May, 1882, Mr. Whittle began the erection, on the corner of Ninth \nand Broadway, Columbia, of the fine structure known as Whittle\' & \nblock, probably the best building of the kind in the city. Mr. Whit- \ntle\'s possessions are the product of his own labor and honest enterprise. \nHe inherited nothing from his father\'s estate, being the eighth child \nof a family of twelve children. In October, 1857, Mr. Whittle mar- \nried Miss Mary Hulen, daughter of John A. Hulen, Esq., of Boone \ncounty. They are the parents of four children, Hannah L., John E., \nFrancis L. and Thomas William, all of whom have been educated in \nColumbia, at the Christian College and the State University. Mr. \nand Mrs. Whittle are both members of the Christian church, and Mr. \nWhittle is a member of the Masonic fraternity. \n\nIn 1865 Mr. Whittle made a trip to Europe. He crossed the \nAtlantic in the ill-fated steamer City of Boston, which was lost on her \nnext trip, and never heard of. He has made several narrow escapes \nfrom violent deaths by ships and steamboats, very remarkable in their \nnature, and worthy of recording. Besides the two already noted, in \n1849 he accidently missed a steamer at Pittsburg Pa., which blew up \non the same trip. Afterward, at New Orleans, he missed taking pas- \nsage for California on the steamship Louisiana, which blew up while \nin port. While in Europe, in 1865, Mr. Whittle made the tour of \n\n\n\n1062 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\\ \n\nFrance, and spent some time in the city of Paris. He came home in \nthe steamer Louisiana, and on the next trip she was lost. \n\nMr. Whittle has much to be proud of. A well-spent life ; a com- \npetence of this world\'s goods ; an elegant, tasty home ; an intelligent, \ncultivated family, ajjpreciative of the valuable and beautiful in life, \nand hosts of merited friends are things of which any man may be \nproud, and beyond which nothing need be desired. \n\nBENTON WHITE \n\nWas born near Rocheport, Boone county, Missouri, January 10, \n1842. When he was ten years old, his parents moved over into \nHoward county, settling near the Boone line, five miles northwest of \nRocheport. Here Benton was reared, and learned the trade of black- \nsmith under his father, who was a votary of that craft. At nineteen \nyears old, he began to do business for himself as a blacksmith and farm- \ner, which he continued until 1867. He then opened a general store \nat what is known as White\'s Store, on the old road leading from \nRocheport to Fayette, where he is still in business. In March, 1862, \nhe took in, as a partner, his younger brother, George H., who had been \nclerking for Benton since he was a small boy. At this time they \nopened a store in Rocheport, one brother taking charge of it, while \nthe other remained at the old stand. In 1872 a post-office was estab- \nlished at White\'s Store, and Benton was appointed postmaster, which \nposition he still holds. Their business now amounts to $20,000 in \nsales, annually, though they began on a capital of only $600. On \nSeptember 1, 1862, Mr. White was married to Miss Susan, daughter \nof Ephraim Turner, of Howard county. They have five children : \nJohn, Nannie, Bettie, Samuel R., and May T. Mr. White is a careful \nand successful business man, and is held in high esteem by the busi- \nness men of Boone and Howard counties, being ever found at his post, \nand gradually rising in business prosperity. \n\nJOSEPH WILLIAMSON. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is one of the oldest living pioneers of \nBoone county. He came to this county with his father, John Wil- \nliamson, from Virginia, in 1828, and settled near the Missouri river, \neight miles southeast of Rocheport. The first year after their arrival \nhe farmed with his father, but the year following bought a farm of \n184 acres, his father assisting him in the purchase. He was married \nDecember 23, 1829, to Miss Shelin Brushwood, and commenced the \n\n\n\n\n\nnD- \n\n\n\n\nn \n\n\n\n7^^^ \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1063 \n\nimprovement of the farm upon which he lived until 1851, when he re- \nmoved to the farm he now occupies, in the near vicinity of the first \npurchase. During the great overflow in 1844 his farm was entirely \nflooded, and he lost all that he possessed except the land. Mr. Wil- \nliamson has, by industry and frugality, accumulated valuable property, \nownins: about 500 acres of land. He was once the laro;est tobacco \ngrower in the country, having produced as much as 10,000 pounds in \none season. At first he shipped to New Orleans, but afterwards sold \nat Rocheport. In 1832 he, in company with L. B. Hunt, built a flat- \nboat at Rocheport, which they loaded with cattle, tobacco and hemp \nfor the New Orleans market. While making the voyage down the \nMississippi river, which had overflown its banks, four of the crew, \nwho had landed from the boat in an efi\'ort to fasten the cable, were \nleft on the shore. Mr. Williamson went to their rescue in a canoe \nwhich was overturned near the shore. He escaped, but the men on \nthe flat, supposing he was lost, went on with the boat. Mr. William- \nson was compelled to work his passage to St. Louis, where he was \nafterwards joined by his friends, who had made a successful voyage \nand had plenty of money. Mr. Williamson, before coming to Mis- \nsouri, travelled extensively over the South, and has visited Texas \nsince settling in Missouri. He has six living children and thirty-one \ngrandchildren. Himself, wife and children are all members of the \nMethodist church. \n\nJOHN S. WILHITE. \n\nThis is another subject who was " to the manner born." Mr. Wilhite \nis the son of William and Priscilla Wilhite, and was born on Thrall\'s \nprairie, July 26, 1819. His parents were Kentuckians, who came \nhere in the pioneer days of Boone county \xe2\x80\x94 1818. John was reared \na farmer in the neighborhood of his birth, and received his education \nin the subscription schools of the proverbial " old log school-house." \nOn Gomins: of age, he beo;an to work his father\'s farm " on shares," \nwhich he continued to do some three years. He then began improv- \ning for himself, on a piece of wild land belonging to his father, \nand which the latter subsequently deeded to John. He resided on \nthat place till 1849, when he purchased the farm where he now re- \nsides, in Missouri township. In February, 1849, he was married to \nMiss Nancy B., daughter of Andrew and Mary C. McQuitty, also \npioneers of old Boone county. The subject of this sketch is de- \ncidedly a home man, as he was never out of the State but four times \n\n\n\n1064 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nin his life, and then only for short periods. Mr. Wilhite owns a good \nfarm of 320 acres, which he devotes to general agriculture, but es- \npecially to stock growing. He owned some valuable slaves, which \nthe war freed, and which were his sole dependence as farm hands. \nThe negroes never left him, however, and continued with their old \nmaster, all but two (who are still with him) being dead. After the \nwar, Mr. W. either paid them wages, or gave them a share of the \ncrop, at their own option. He and wife are both members of the \nWalnut Grove Baptist church, of which he has been a member \nsince 1853, and she since 1842. Over thirty years a member of \nthe same church ! What a subject is this for the pastoral poet,, \nwho might show them now, as serenely waiting the time when \nthey shall be called home, to remain forever in a glad, unbroken \ncongregation, where all joy is worship and all happiness is praise I \n\nANDREW JACKSON WOOD. \n\nAndrew J. Wood is the son of James R. and Jane (Ogan) \nWood, pioneer settlers of Boone county, who came from North \nCarolina in an early day, and settled on a farm in Missouri town- \nship, seven miles southwest of Columbia, where the subject of \nthis sketch was born, October 17, 1833. His father having died \nin 1849, Mr. Wood took charge of the farm, which, at the \ndeath of his mother in 1863, became his property. The farm \ncontains 230 acres. He was married June 24, 1877, to Miss Susan \nA. Vanlandingham, of Boone county. She died May 4, 1879, leav- \ning one child, Addie.P. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1065 \n\nCHAPTEE XXI. \n\nPEECHE TOWNSHIP. \n\nTopography \xe2\x80\x94 Remarkable Natural Features \xe2\x80\x94 Connor\'s (or Holton\'s) Cave \xe2\x80\x94 Callaham\'s \nLick \xe2\x80\x94 Sketch of Wm. Callaham \xe2\x80\x94 Organization \xe2\x80\x94 Early Settlers \xe2\x80\x94 The "Firsts" \xe2\x80\x94 \nManslaughter \xe2\x80\x94 The "Blackfoot" Country \xe2\x80\x94 Villages. Perchetown, or "Persia" \xe2\x80\x94 \nHarrisburg \xe2\x80\x94 Everett \xe2\x80\x94 Methodist Church \xe2\x80\x94 Dripping Spring \xe2\x80\x94 Christian Church \xe2\x80\x94 \nAmnion \xe2\x80\x94 Germantown \xe2\x80\x94 Woodlandville. War Incidents. Fights and Skirmishes \xe2\x80\x94 \nKilling of Mr. Drake \xe2\x80\x94 Guerrilla Diabolism \xe2\x80\x94 Killing of Wm. Eumans \xe2\x80\x94 Hanging of \nTwo Federals \xe2\x80\x94 Shooting of " Half-Witted " Batey \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Dimmitt\'s Fight with Bush- \nwhackers \xe2\x80\x94 Biographies of Old Settlers and Prominent Citizens of Perche Township. \n\nTOPOGRAPHY. \n\nExcept Thrall\'s prairie, which was but a few miles in extent, Perche \nwas originally covered by a dense growth of timber. Much of this \ntimber-land is still uncleared. Comparatively speaking, the timbered \nlands of Perche are far in excess of any other township in the county. \n\nThere are fine coal mines in the neighborhood of Dripping Springs \nand on Lick Fork, along the line of the original survey of the Chicago \nand Alton railroad. \n\nThe township is finely watered, springs abounding in almost every \nneighborhood, and when not found above the surface can be easily \nreached by digging. \n\nThe township is thickly settled, and while not so rich of soil, it \npossesses many material advantages that render it a most desirable \nabode to those who have chosen homes within its borders. The \nsouthern portion, including Thrall\'s prairie and the " Model Farm," is \nperhaps the finest body of land in the county. The farm, as improved \nby its late proprietor, was given the premium as the best in the \nState. \n\nREMARKABLE NATURAL FEATURES CONNOR\'S (OR HOLTON\'s) CAVE. \n\nNear the junction of the last named stream with the Callaham is the \nfamous cave known by several names, but originally as " Connor\'s." \nThis cave is just over the township line which separates Perche and \nMissouri, being in the latter township. As it naturally pertains to \nthe section of country known as Perche, with the sobriquet of \n<\' Blackfoot," it will not be amiss to include a description of it in this \ntownship history. It is situated on the northwest quarter of section, \n\n\n\n1066 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthirty, township forty-nine, range thirteen. It now bears the name \nof Holton\'s cave, having taken the name from George Holton, senior, \nwho owned the land for twenty or thirty years. He died, a few years \nago, leaving the property to his son, George Holton, junior, who now \noccupies the old homestead. The house stands within three hundred \nyards of this remarkable cave. As the land about this cave was not \nvaluable for agricultural purposes, it remained vacant for many years \nafter the rich valleys and level uplands were entered and occupied. \nThe water-power at last attracted the attention of one of the neigh- \nbors, who erected a small grist-mill at the mouth of the cave. A few \nyears later Lewis Connor bought the property and established a large \ntan-yard, intending to utilize the water-power for grinding tan-bark \nand for other purposes. When everything was ready it was found \nthe motive power was not sufficient for all purposes. Horse-pOwer \nwas accordingly substituted for grinding the bark, and the business \nwent on for years, and Connor\'s tan-yard became one of the land- \nmarks of the country. The tan-yard and all the buildings pertaining \nthereto have disappeared before the " devouring tooth of time," and \nonly the name and cave remain to remind us of Lewis Connor, whose \nlife of earnest, honest toil deserves never to be forgotten. \n\nThe entrance to the cave is from the west. To the right and di- \nrectly in front there is a perpendicular wall rising above the cave to \nthe height of forty or fifty feet. The wall is very smooth in places, \nand was formerly covered with rude pictures of animals and birds of \nall sorts and sizes, being somewhat similar in outline and finish to \nthose found on the river bluff below Rocheport. They are now indis- \ntinct. The cutting away of timber above has changed the whole face \nof nature. The turf and moss and loose rocks, that formed an awning \nabove, have fallen away, allowing the rains to beat upon the walls \nbelow until scarcely a trace of the pictures remain. \n\nThe entrance to the cave is sufficiently large to admit a man on \nhorseback, but the wall overhead varies from four feet to seventy-five \nor eighty. From right to left the walls are from ten to twenty feet \napart. The country traversed by this cave is a high ridge of table \nland lying between the Perche and Callaham, which at this point are \nabout three miles apart. A large stream flows through the cave \nfrom east to west, but the course is very tortuous. This cave has \nbeen traversed for several miles. One party, who claims to have \nmeasured the distance travelled, reached a point three miles from the \nmouth. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1067 \n\nThis is quite probable, but owing to the irregularities of the channel, \nthey doubtless did not reach a point exceeding one mile from the \nplace of starting. The scenery within this cave was formerly of the \nmost novel and brilliant character. Stalactites and stalagmites with- \nout number adorned the roof and floor. Some of them were as large \nas a man\'s body, as white as snow and smooth of surface as a piece \nof porcelain. All of the finest specimens have been broken and carried \naway. About a half mile from the entrance the roof of the cave rises \nabruptly from the height of five or six feet to seventy-five or eighty \nfeet, perhaps higher, as the dome is lost to view in total darkness. \nAbout one-fourth of a mile further on are the chambers, two in num- \nber. The outer one is approached by two stalagmites, one lying \nabove the other. In the center of this room is a huge stalactite which \nmeets and unites with a large stalagmite, forming a beautiful column, \ntwelve or fourteen feet in length, reaching from the floor to the ceiling. \nThe inner chamber is approached from the outer through a narrow \ndoorway. This is the most beautiful scene of all. In the center is a \nnatural basin filled with water as clear as crystal, but so strongly \nimpregnated with lime as to be repugnant to the taste. A few \ndaring individuals have climbed to the dome of this chamber and \nwritten their names on the smooth surface overhead. \n\nThe full length of this cave, and the extent of scenery within, is \nunknown, and will probably remain a mystery forever, from the fact \nthat deep water precludes a thorough survey of its wonders. There \nare names and dates upon the walls and roof of this cavern reaching \nbeyond the recollection of the oldest inhabitant. Some of the dates \nare as far back as 1812. While it is not impossible nor improbable \nthat those names and dates are genuine, they should be considered \nwith many grains of allowance. \n\ncallaham\'s lick. \n\nThis is another of the early landmarks of this section. It is situ- \nated on the farm of Joel Hawkins, which is on the northeast quarter of \nsection thirteen, township forty-nine, range fourteen. The salt \nsprings, some fifteen or twenty in number, are on the east side of \nCallaham\'s creek, Avhich takes its name from William Callaham, who \npitched his tent near those springs several years in advance of the \nearliest settlers of this portion of Boone county. The earliest emigrants \nfound William Callaham domiciled near the salt springs, and he had \nbeen there for years, how long it is not known. In deference to \n\n\n\n1068 HI8TORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nWilliam Callaham, the salt springs and creek are called by his name. \nHe was, at the time of forming this settlement, in the prime of life, a \nlarge, tall, dark-skinned man, so dark in fact as to give currency to \nthe belief that he was part Indian. Whether true or false, William \nCallaham was never heard to contradict the report and it was finally \naccepted as true. He brought his wife with him to the lick and there \nthey lived and died, both reaching a good old age, living to see their \nsons and daughters grown up men and women. \n\nMrs. Callaham had followed her husband in all his wanderings. \nThey stopped first at Loutre Island, at the fnouth of the Loutre, in \nMontgomery county. They settled on the island for protection \nao^ainst the Indians. Callaham felled a laro-e tree and with his axe and \nfire, burned and hewed the trunk into something like the semblance \nof a boat. When game became scarce on the island he visited the \nmainland, where, leaving his wife to watch the boat, he would plunge \ninto the dense forest in quest of game. One day he was set upon by \na band of Indians. Being alone, he did not dare risk battle, but fled \nin the direction of his boat. It became a race for life. Callaham \nwas swift of foot and gained somewhat on his pursuers, but just as he \nwas in the act of jumping into the boat \xe2\x80\x94 having previously thrown \nhis gun into his wife\'s lap \xe2\x80\x94 a ball from one of the enemy\'s guns went \ncrashing; throufifh his leor. There was but one thino- left for the brave \npioneer to do \xe2\x80\x94 he plunged headlong into the river, Mrs. Callaham \nseized her husband by the collar and, by main strength, lifted him in- \nto the boat and rowed safely to their island home. As soon as he was \nable to travel, they pushed on further west, following the old Indian \ntrace, intending to go to Boone\'s Lick, in Howard county, to which \npoint a few families had already ventured. While en route for this \nplace, he discovered the salt springs, on the Callaham, and went no fur- \nther. He would go ofi" evenings to the lick, and, climbing to the lower \nbranches of a neighboring tree, would wait for his game. After dark, \ndeer, elk and buffalo would come to lick the earth near the springs. \nMr. Callaham would then select the game he wished to kill, and send \na ball from his trusty rifle into the animal\'s vitals. Mr. and Mrs. \nCallaham raised seven sons. W^hen the neighborhood began to fill up \nwith people, Callaham attempted to utilize the salt springs by making- \nsalt, but the brine was too weak. East of this lick, about two and a \nhalf miles, was another salt spring on the Perche. Callaham, after \nfailing with his salt-works at his own home, moved his boilers to the: \nPerche springs, but with no better success. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1069 \n\nORGANIZATION. \n\nPerche is one of the original or primitive townships of Boone \n"County, having been organized in 1821. At the May term of the \n\xe2\x80\xa2county court, for that year, the following order was made relative to \ni;he metes and bounds of this township and the name thereof: \n\n" The fifth township to be denominated Perche. Beginning at the \nnorthwest corner of Missouri township, on the old St. Charles road; \nthence northeastwardly with the dividing line between the counties of \nBoone and Howard to the northern boundary of the county ; thence \neast with the said boundary to the western (boundary) of Rocky \nFork township ; thence south with the said boundary to the northeast \ncorner of Missouri township ; thence west with the northern boundary \nof said township to the point of beginning. And it is ordered that all \nthat section of country lying and [being] north of the said Perche \ntownship, and not included in any other county, be, and the same is \nJiereby, attached to and made part of said Perche township." \n\nThe Perche, or Roche Perche creek, or river, after which this sub- \ndivision of Boone county takes its name, runs through the township \nfrom north to south, the course being a little east of south. In ad- \ndition to the Perche, the township is watered by Silver\'s Fork, Lick \nFork, Reeder\'s Creek, Prairie Fork, Slack\'s Branch and \nthe Callaham \xe2\x80\x94 mis-spelled, of late years, "Callahan." This \nstream and the Hinkson are usually mentioned apart from \nthe parent stream. The other tributaries of the Perche \nare always spoken of in connection with the main stream. In addi- \ntion to the Callaham, which heads in Perche township, there is also \nan important tributary to that stream called Barclay\'s Fork, which \nheads in the neighborhood of the "Model Farm," and flows southeast in- \nto the Callaham, about four miles above the confluence of that stream \nwith the Perche. This, and Sexton\'s Branch, are the only tributa- \nries of the Callaham worthy of mention. \' The name Roche Perche, \nor more properly, Roche Perce, is French, and signifies pierced \nrock. \n\nEARLY SETTLERS. \n\nThe Prairie Fork, Silvers, Squire Schooling and Kincaid settlements \ndate back as remotely as the most primitive elsewhere in the county. \nThere were settlements on Prairie Fork as early as 1816 of the \npioneers of this section of Perche township. Silas and Jesse Richard- \nson, Daniel and Samuel Hodge, Jerre Biswell, John Stephenson, \n\n\n\n1070 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nAndrew and David M\'Quitty, Parker Sneddigor and Samuel Fulcher^ \nwere among the first. In the Kincaid neighborhood were Jolm, \nMatthew, Lewis, Joseph and William Kincaid, Amos Barnes, Samuel \nBelcher, John Eeeder, after whom Reeder\'s Creek was named, and \nMr. McDaniel. Hugh Silvers settled what is now known as the Stice \nfarm, near Dripping Spring church. He gave his name to Silvers \nFork, one of the most beautiful streams in Boone county. From \nPerchetown north, along the Perche, the first settlers were John \nLeftler, George Sexton, "Wilford Stephens, John, Caleb and James \nFenton, William Goslin, Fountain Toalson, David Prowell, Nicholas \nand Bartlett Gentry, Robert and John Barclay, John Corlew, senior, \nand John Corlew, junior, Jonathan Graham, John and Thomas Ander- \nson, Bird Wilburn, Aquila Barnes, Presley Wilkinson and John \nEvans. Robert Schooling setttled the farm now occupied by Daniel \nHall, in the neighborhood of Union church. In the neio;hborhood of \nPerche meeting house were Sinclair Walden, George Lawrence, Elder \nWhite and Eli Lyon. In the Everett neighborhood: Joshua and \nJonathan Barton, first cousins of Senator David Barton. In the \nWilhite neighborhood: Paris Ellison, Ben Ferguson, Thomas and \nBerry Workham. Among the early settlers must not be omitted the \nnames of Capt. Woodruff and Lemuel Searcy, Henry and Allen Coats, \nSolomon Mordecai, Thomas Croswhite, Thomas Wingo, Enoch C. \nOrear, John Connelly, Lemuel Batterton, James Hawkins, Zachariah \nJackson, Isom Kilgore, Smitb. Turner and William McCarty. Jesse \nDale was a pioneer preacher of the Old School Baptist church. Henry \nCave and Isaac Newman were pioneer teachers. One of the first \nchildren born in the county must be accredited to Perche township, \nIndia Ann Corlew, daughter of John Corlew, junior, was born March \n1st, 1818. She was the first female child born in Perche township. \nThe first male child born in the township is believed to have been \nMastin Corlew, son of John Corlew, junior, born February 11th, 1821. \nA biographical sketch of Mr. Corlew may be found elsewhere in this \nvolume. \n\nThe first marriage known to have taken place in the township was \nthat of Philip Barnes and Jane Corlew. The ceremony was performed \nby Esq. John Slack, November 11th, 1823. \n\nThe first regular physician was Dr. John W. Roberts, who came \nfrom Virginia and settled in Perche township. He died in 1875. \n\nThe first minister remembered was Rev. James Barnes, a Primitive \nBaptist. "Uncle Jimmy," as he was familiarly called, was one \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1071 \n\namong the first sherifls of Boone county. He was also a teacher. He \nlived to a good old age, loved and respected by all who knew him. \nIt is stated that Revs. A. P. Mussett and Matthias Barron were the \nfirst Cumberland Presbyterian ministers in Perche. Rev. William \nDouglass was the first Methodist, and Elders John C. McCune and \nWilliam Patton the first Disciples. \n\nThe first school house in Perche township was built on section \nthirty-five, township fifty, range thirteen, and William Corlew taught \nthe first school therein. \n\nJohn Slack was the first justice of the peace for Perche township. \nHe was the father of Gen. William Y. Slack, of the Confederate arm}^ \nkilled at the battle of Pea Ridge, Arkansas, March 6th, 1862. Squire \nSlack was a potter by trade. He had been one of the justices of the peace \nin Moniteau township, Howard county, out of which territory Perche \nwas created, and he was continued in office by order of the Boone \ncounty court. Samuel Beatie was the first constable, receiving his \nappointment from the county court. \n\nMANSLAUGHTER. \n\nIt is said that the first case of manslaughter in Boone county oc- \ncurred at Perchetown, in which Daniel Coil was the victim and Amos \nBarnes the individual who struck the fatal blow. A party had gath- \nered at the village store and were drinking pretty freely, and at the \nsame time discussing a chase in which a number of them had partici- \npated. Coil possessed a well-trained pack of hounds of which he was \nvery proud. A disparaging remark from Barnes, relative to his dogs, \nwas met by a blow in the face from Coil\'s heavy wool hat, which \ncaused the blood to flow in a stream from Barnes\' nose. Coil, evi- \ndently, did not mean to hurt Barnes, but the blow proved a severe \none, and aroused his fiercest indignation. Barnes sprang to his feet, \nand clenching his fist, struck Coil a fierce blow in the stomach, killing \nhim almost instantly. Barnes surrendered himself, was tried and ac- \nquitted, it being evident that the murder was wholly unintentional. \n\n\'* BLACKFOOT." \n\nThirty years ago the good people of Perche, a portion of Missouri^ \nRocky Fork and Bourbon, resented the sobriquet of " Blackfoot " as a \nslur at their section of the county, but happily for the impartial his- \ntorian, whose duty it is to deal in facts, they have not only become \nreconciled to the inevitable appellation, but glory in the name. There \n\n\n\n1072 \' HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nare three or four traditions relative to the origin of the name " Bhick- \nfoot." Gen. S. B. Hatton, the oldest citizen living in that section, \nsays the name originated at Perchetown, and grew out of a general \nfight, in which nearly all the male members of that community parti- \ncipated. The victorious party raised the war-whoop, declaring that \nthey were the " Blackfoot tribe, from the headwaters of the Perche." \nThe name was remembered, as well as the sore heads inflicted upon \nthe defeated party. One side applied the term in a boasting spirit, the \nother as an epithet, and between the two factions the name was fixed \nupon tha^ region of the country for all time to come. Another tradi- \ntion attributes the origin of the name. to a dance which occurred in \nthe Schooling neighborhood, where the boys and girls danced bare- \nfooted, and bantered each other on the comparative blackness of their \npedal extremities. Gen. S. B. Hatton was the first man to call pub- \nlic attention to the name, having many years ago published the follow- \ninff announcement in the Columbia Statesman : " We are authorized \nlo announce Gen. S. B. Hatton, of Blackfoot, a candidate for the \noffice of judge of the Boone county court at the ensuing August elec- \ntion." Notwithstanding the fact that he had previously represented \nthe county in the legislature, and was personally very popular, this an- \nnouncement caused his defeat by six\' votes. His enemies had tickets \nprinted for Perche township headed "Blackfoot," and represented \nthem to be Hatton\'s tickets, declaring with afiected indignation, that \nthey would not vote for a man who would thus wantonly perpetrate a \nslur upon his neighbors. It had the desired effect; the general\'s \nopponent was elected by six majority. \n\n\n\nPERCHE TOWNSHIP VILLAGES. \nPERCHETOWN. \n\nPerchetown, or " the town of Persia," as it is spelled in the record \nof deeds in the clerk\'s office, gave promise at onetime of becoming a \nplace of considerable importance. The town was laid off and a very \ncomprehensive map made and entered into the record of deeds, April \n2, 1821, but the entering is made in the name of the corporation, \nwithout mention of the individuals composing the corporation. The \nrecord shows that John Lefler sold to the corporation, of the town of \n\xe2\x96\xa0" Persia," nine and one-ninth acres of land in section eight, township \nforty-nine and range thirteen, for which he received ninety-one dollars \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1073 \n\nand fifty cents. Of same date, Obadiah Babbitt sold to same parties, \nfifty-eight acres, both tracts being within the limits of the town, as \nshown by the map which is entered of record. It was on both sides \nof the Perche, situated at the point where the old Boone\'s Lick road, \nconnecting St. Charles and Old Franklin, in Howard county, \ncrossed that stream. Babbitt and Ludlow threw a dam across the \nstream and erected a saw mill. Several shops were built, among \nothers, a cabinet shop, by Lemuel Batterton, and a store of general \nmerchandise was opened for the accommodation of the local trade. \nPerchetown was much talked of and much visited by the rural popu- \nlation. Whiskey was cheap and plentiful, and the village became \nfamous for its fights, horse-races, shooting matches, indeed, for many \nthings, except that substantial growth which its founders had vainly \nhoped to realize. About the year 1825, AVilfred Stephens, of Ken- \ntucky, the father of Benjamin Stephens, of this county, came to Perche- \ntown and opened a store. George Sexton had also settled in the \nnear vicinity of the place. He had the contract for several thousand \nmiles of mail routes. Upon the main lines he ran stages and hacks, \naud\'the amount of rolling stock necessary to carry on his business \nwas immense. He built carriage and repair shops, harness shops, \nstables, sheds and granaries, giving a wonderful impetus to this primi- \ntive town and the surrounding country, but with the expiration of the \nmail contract and the removal of the Sextons, and the washing away of \nthe mill, commenced the decay of Perchetown, and now not a vestige \nof the pretentious village remains. Strange as it may seem, the \nneighborhood of this town contained a third more people a half \ncentury ago than it does to-day. \n\nHARRISBURG. \n\nHarrisburg, situated on the northwest quarter of section 11, town- \nship 50, range 14, in the northwest corner of the township, was named \nin honor of John W. Harris, deceased, late proprietor of the Model \nFarm. It was laid off soon after the survey of the Chicago and Alton \nrailroad, and gave promise of soon becoming a town of considerable \nImportance. Work was actively going on all along the line of the \nproposed railroad, which was actually graded and made ready for the \nrails. The town prospered in anticipation of the early completion of \nthe road ; but, to the surprise and disappointment of the people of \nHarrisburg and Perche township, the road was suddenly abandoned, \n68 \n\n\n\n1074 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbut afterwards completed on a line farther north. This proved almost \na death-blow to the ambitious hopes of Harrisburg. With better facil- \nities this village would have been a place -of no little importance. It \nis beautifully located on the divide between the Perche and the Moni- \nteau, six miles north of the Model Farm, on the main road leading \nfrom Rocheport to Sturgeon. The Callaham, which flows into the \nPerche, heads in this vicinity. Prairie Fork, named from Thrall\'s \nprairie, also heads in this vicinity, and flows west into the Moniteau. \nHarrisburg contains three stores, a confectionery shop, church, \nmill, blacksmith and repair shop, a fine public school building, with \nMasonic hall above. Dr. Haller, a practicing physician, Hersman, a \njustice of the peace, and S. O. Puller, constable, reside in the village. \nThe post-office is in Gentry\'s saddler-shopi. Rev. Green Carey, of \nnear Harrisburg, came to the neighborhood in 1834, and has preached \nfor the people since 1836. He was a member of the first church or- \nganized in this portion of the county, Bethlehem by name, which he \nserved for thirty-one years. He has joined in marriage more than five \nhundred couples. Revs. Thomas Fristoe, Fielding Wilhite and Green \nCarey dedicated the last Bethlehem church building. \n\nEVERETT. \n\nThis little hamlet, now almost extinct, is situated on section 2, town- \nship 49, range 14. It was laid out in the year 1860 by Charles Sexton, a \nson of George Sexton, already mentioned in connection with Perche- \ntown. Charles Sexton was to Everett what his father had previously \nbeen to Percheto wn \xe2\x80\x94 the leading spirit in the enterprise \xe2\x80\x94 and but for the \nwar he would have given such an impetus to the place as would probably \nhave secured its future growth and prosperity. In partnership with \nMcKinney and others, he established an extensive plow factory, man- \nufacturing the " Peeler plows." Parks started a large tobacco fac- \ntory, and Dr. Dynes opened a store. There was also a planing machine \nfor dressing lumber. The Methodist denomination erected a nice \nchurch edifice, and, in addition to improvements already mentioned, \nthere were over a dozen private residences. Dr. John W. Roberts was \nthe resident physician ; Dr. J. M. Shock lived near by. The surroundr \ning country was very rich and productive, and the little town sprung \ninto existence with the brightest hopes of future prosperity. It now \ncontains a mill and carding machine, owned by Wilson Nicholson ; a \nblacksmith shop, public school building, and church. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1075 \n\n\n\nEVERETT CHURCH. \n\n\n\nThis church is situated on a lot containing five acres, the property \nof the Methodist denomination, having been deeded to them for church \npurposes. The church was organized September 2, 1859. The church \nedifice, a frame building, was erected in 1860, at a cost of $1,500. It \nwas dedicated by Dr. McAnally, of St. Louis, May 12, 1860. Since \nits dedication the church has been served by R. H. Jordan, J. S. Smith, \nTyson Dynes, T. J. Starr, D. R. Shackleford, B. F. Johnson, James \nPritchett, William Rush, T. Ellington, R. White and W. Penn. The \npresent membership is sixty-five. When this church was first organ- \nized, meetings were held at the residence of J. A. Points. The first \nquarterly meeting was held at his house, December 11, 1852, E. M. \nMarvin, presiding elder, Walter Toole, circuit rider. The official mem- \nbers were John W. Denny, J. A. Points, Matthew Richards, John W. \nWalton, Thomas Wright and John Reed. \n\nDRIPPING SPRING. \n\nThe hamlet and post-office known as Dripping Spring is on the \nsouthwest quarter of section 27, township 50, range 13, and is situated \nabout twelve miles northwest of Columbia. It derives its name from \na spring near by that drips from the rocks into a large branch which \nempties into Silver\'s Fork of Perche creek, about fifty rods from the \nspring. There are several mineral springs in the neighborhood, said \nto possess medicinal virtues. It is alleged that some cases of rheu- \nmatism and kindred diseases have been cured by the free use of these \nwaters. \n\nThe place contains a store and post-office. The latter was estab- \nlished June 13, 1873, and Col. Garnett Duncan commissioned post- \nmaster. He died in January, 1880, and February 13th following Dr. \nJohn H. Stover was appointed, and still holds the position. Mail \nsemi-weekly from Columbia. There is also near by a handsome \nchurch building, with cemetery grounds adjoining, the site being on a \nrolling elevation, neatly enclosed and ornamented with evergreens, \nflowers and shade trees. The church is controlled by the Christians. \nThere are two flourishing public schools in the vicinity, with good \nframe houses, well furnished. It is stated that in these schools, with \nsome assistance from the University, there have been fitted for the \nministry four young men, and for the medical profession six others. \nTwo of the latter returned to the neighborhood after receiving their \n\n\n\n1076 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ndiplomas and engaged in the practice. One has since died ; the other \nis still actively and successfully engaged. \n\nThe Methodist Church South has an organization of some sixty \nmembers, but as yet no church building. They worship at an arbor \nat a point called Eed Rock, two miles northwest of Dripping Spring. \nIn the winter they meet at Pro well\'s school-house near by. They \nhave considerable money and material subscribed for building a church \nand the day is probably not far distant when they will be able ta \nworship under their own vine and fig tree. \n\nCHRISTIAN CHURCH. \n\nThe Dripping Spring Christian church is situated on section 34, \ntownship 50, range 13. It was organized in 1858, by Elder John O. \nWhite. Some of the original members were John O. White, Jemima \nWhite, James and Paulina Hoffman, Wm. and Mahala Evans, James \nand Susan Kelly, Thomas, Paulina, Mary J,, and A. C. Robinson, \nSarah A. Corlew, Miriam Brink, Polly March, Isaac Oliver, Amanda \nAkeman, Caleb Davis, R. J. and Elizabeth Wade and about thirty \nothers. The first church building, a frame, was built in 1860. The \nbuilding committee was Wra. Evans, David Prowell, Sr., and Samuel \nGopher. It was remodeled in 1881. The total cost of the building \nwas about $1,200. It was dedicated June 26, 1860, by Elder John \nO. White. The pastors of this church have been Elder White, Ste- \nphen A. Bush, Hockensmith, J. T. Burnham, the latter the \n\npresent pastor. Elders Bedford, Chrisman, Cake and HoflTman have \nlabored in the church at dififerent times and to them, in part, belongs \nthe honor of the upbuilding of the church to its present proportions. \nThe number of members on the roll is about 150. \n\nAMMON. \n\nAbout three miles northwest of Dripping Spring is a country vil- \nlage called Amnion. A steam saw-mill was the principal impetus to \nthe growth of this hamlet, which contains some twelve or fifteen houses. \nA vast amount of lumber was manufactured at these mills and shipped \nto all parts of the country. Since the removal of the mill, a few \nyears ago, the place has ceased to be a point of interest and impor- \ntance to the community in which it is situated. \n\nGERMANTOWN. \n\nOld Germantown, situated in section 5, township 49, range 13, was \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1077 \n\nlaid oif in 1858, by Schultz & Fretter, two enterprising Germans. \nThey erected a large, substantial store building which they filled from \ncellar to garret with all kinds of merchandise. In addition to the \nstore they erected a large two-story warehouse. They bought all \nkinds of produce in exchange for goods and soon established a flour- \nishing trade. " Boss " Forche kept a saloon and lunch house. There \nwere some six or eight buildings in all, including a shoe shop. The \ntown was burned during the war and was never rebuilt. \n\nWOODLANDVILLE . \n\nWoodland ville is situated in section 5, township 49, range 13, being \nthe southwest portion of Perche township. It is in that region of \ncountry known as the Thrall\'s prairie district. There is but one \nstore and a blacksmith shop. The post-office is kept at the store. A \ngreat deal of business is transacted by W. B. Campbell, proprietor of \nthe store, who keeps a general assortment of dry goods, groceries \nand notions, and exchanges goods for produce. \n\n\n\nINCIDENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. \nI\'IGHTS AND SKIRMISHES. \n\nThe desperate fight between George Todd\'s and John Thrailkill\'s \nConfederate guerrillas and Capt. McFadden\'s Federal train, in Gos- \nline\'s lane, September 23, 1864, is fully described in the general his- \ntory. \n\nThe fight between Capt. Cook\'s Ninth M. S. M. and Jim Carter\'s \nbushwhackers in February, 1865, is also noted elsewhere. It may be \nadded that after the fight and dispersion of the bushwhackers, one of \nthem made his way to the house of a lady in \'* Blackfoot," and by \nher was put to bed, arrayed in a white garment and passed oiF upon a \ntroop of pursuing militia as the lady\'s sister, whom it would be cruel \nto disturb, ag\' " her " baby was but three days old ! \n\nThe fight at Dripping Spring between the Federals and Holtzclaw\'s, \nFrost\'s and Todd\'s commands, September 16, 1864, is also narrated \nelsewhere. During the fight a Federal soldier named James Canada, \nbelonging to Company H, Seventeenth Illinois cavalry, accidentally \nshot himself while in Col. Garnett Duncan\'s watermelon patch. The \nshot proved fatal. \n\n\n\n1078 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nKILLING OF MR. DRAKE. \n\n\n\nAbout the 1st of September, 1864, a man named Drake, who had^ \nrecently come into the township from Sullivan county, was shot from \nthe bush as he was passing along the road. Eight buckshot entered \nhis body. The bushwhackers who did the deed gave information at a \nhouse near by that the dead body might be cared for. \n\nGUERRILLA DIABOLISM. \n\nIn 1864 some guerrillas killed a Federal soldier in the " Blaokfoot " \ncountry, cut oif his head, passed a piece of bark through the mouth \nand throat and tied it to one of the saddles. The guerrillas rode for \nsome time thus bearing their horrible trophy, but at last grew tired \nof it and threw it away by the roadside. Dr. Davis, of Sturgeon, \nnow has the skull in his possession. \n\nKILLING OF WILLIAM RUMANS. \n\nIn the fall of 1864 Major Jacob Pugh, of the Fiftieth regiment. \nEnrolled Missouri militia, from Knox county, Missouri, made a raid \n\' through Boone county. On coming in sight of the residence of Wil- \nliam Rumans, who lived in the neighborhood of Dripping Spring, \nthree bushwhackers. Mat. Evans, Sam Rowland and Abe Rumans, the \nlatter a son of William Rumans, were seen to hurriedly leave the \nplace. The Federals pursued them and shot Rowland through the \nbody, but he escaped and afterwards recovered. The Federals re- \nturned and burned Rumans\' house, and, placing him upon an old, \njaded horse, started in the direction of Columbia. The horse soon \ngave out, and Rumans was made to run in front of his captors, who \nspurred their horses on to him, wounding his feet and legs with the \nshod hoofs of their horses. On reaching a point about four miles \nnorth of Columbia Rumans gave out and was shot to death by his \ncaptors. In connection with this incident it is worthy of note that \nMaj. Pugh was afterwards dishonorably discharged from the Federal \nservice. Joseph Graves, of Perche township, was also killed by this \ncommand about the same time, and under circumstances not less re- \nvolting to humanity and justice. \n\nTWO MEN HUNG. \n\nIn the fall of 1864 two Federal soldiers, disguised as Confederates, \ncame to the house of Silas Davenport. There happened to be five \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 10 7 ^ \n\narmed " rebels " at the house when they came in. The Federals were \ntaken into the woods and hung. The men who committed this act \nare said to have been a portion of Capt. Farley\'s command. \n\nSHOOTING or BATEY. \n\nIn 1863 a scouting party captured a half-witted Englishman named \n^atey, at Kincaid\'s mill. He was armed, and frankly admitted that he \nhad been with the "rebels." His associations had been such that he \nknew nothing of the war save what he had seen and heard of it in his \nown neighborhood, and had been led into the struggle wholly from a \nsense of duty. Without the least investigation he was shot dead. \n\nDIMMITT\'s FIGHT WITH GUERRILLAS. \n\nIn the early part of 1865 four men, supposed to be bushwhackers, \nvisited the house of Mr. William Dimmitt, who lives near Everett, \nfor the purp\'ose of robbing him, as he was known to have received a \nsum of money the day before in payment of some corn sold by him. \nThe robbers came at night, and, being refused admittance, broke the \ndoor down with a rail taken from the fence. Mr. Dimmitt, being a \nman of courage, resolved not to submit to the demands of the thieves \nwithout resistance. After breakini^ down the door one of the robbers \nentered the room, firing as he advanced. Dimmitt returned the fire, \nwounding one of the robbers in the side. Another of the party was \nwounded in the head by a pistol shot fired from a comrade\'s pistoL \nThe firing was sharp on both sides, but without fatal results to any one. \nA member of Mr. Dimmitt\' s family was slightly wounded in the \nmelee, but he came out of the fight without a scratch, saving his \nmoney and vanquishing the enemy, though out-numbered four to one. \nThe parties making the raid were unknown to Mr. Dimmitt, but the \nmotive for making the assault was quite evident. \n\n\n\nBIOGEAPHIES. \n\' MATTHEW BARNES \n\nMatthew Barnes, the su])ject of this sketch, is probably entitled to \nthe distinction of being the oldest natural-born citizen of either Boone \nor Howard counties. He is the son of Amos and Dorcas (Kincaid) \nBarnes, and was born in Kincaid\'s Fort, June 5, 1813. He was the \nfirst-born of a family of eight children. His father and mother were \n\n\n\n1080 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmarried in the fort by Eev. John Tharp, a Methodist minister, who had \ncast his fortunes witli this little pioneer band. Mrs. Barnes was the \ndaughter of David Kincaid, after whom the fort was named. Theirs \nwas the first marriage solemnized in thefOrt. Amos Barnes was a na- \ntive of Madison county, Kentucky. Mrs. Barnes was also a native of \nKentucky. Amos Barnes died in 1834, but his wife survived him for \nmany j^ears, having lived until near the close of the late civil war. \nMatthew Barnes has spent his life in Boone county. He is now living \non a small farm in the northwest corner of Perche township. He was \nmarried, December 14, 1834, to Miss Jane, daughter of Benjamin \nSanderson. They have had nine children, seven of whom are living, \none daughter and six sons. All but one are living in Boone. \n\nWILLIAM EDWARD BLAKEMORE . \n\nThe Blakemores are of English origin. From England to Virginia, \nfrom Virginia to Kentucky, and thence westward. William Edward \nBlakemore is a grandson of James Blakemore, of Virginia, and a son \nof Wm. G. Blakemore, also a native of that State. He was born in \nClark county, Kentucky, March 12th, 1837. He lived on the farm \nuntil he was sixteen years old, then entered a store, remaining in this \nbusiness for six years. Quitting the store at the age of twenty-two, \nhe embarked in the live stock trade which he followed for nine years. \nIn 1853 he again entered the mercantile business, but once more \nabandoned the store to engage in the stock trade, this time dealing in \nmules and horses for the Southern market. He came to Missouri in \nNovember, 1865, and settled on the " old Wiggam farm," in the \nvicinity of Harrisburg, where he remained till 1875. In 1880 he \ncame to Harrisburg and engaged in the mercantile business with John \nW. Hersman. Mr. Blakemore was married to Miss Nancy J. Doyle, \ndaughter of Dennis Doyle. By this marriage they have had eight \nchildren, six sons and two daughters, one of whom died in infancy. \nTheir names are: Mary V., George W., Dennis A., Eichard E., \nSarah E., Claudius P., Thomas C, and Shelton L. They are mem- \nbers of the Christian Church at Harrisburg. \n\nTHOMAS H. BLAKEMORE. \n\nMr. Blakemore, like many of our substantial citizens, is a native of \nKentucky. It has been said that Virginia is the mother of Kentucky. \nWith the same propriety it ma}^ be said that Kentucky is the mother \nof Missouri. Mr. Blakemore was born in Shelby county, January \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1081 \n\n8th, 1828. His father was a Kentuckian, his grandfather a native of \nVirginia. His mother was a daughter of Sanford Payne, of Ken- \ntucky. Mr. Blakemore was educated in the common schools of his \nnative State and assumed the active duties of life at an early age. - \nHis father died when he was but seven years old, and being the second \nson of a family of six children, five sons and one daughter, he had, \neven in boyhood, many of the cares and responsibilities of manhood \nresting upon him. He commenced active business at the age of four- \nteen. From clerking in a store he soon passed to the more active \nduties of a stock trader, buying in Kentucky and selling in Cincin- \nnati. He followed this business very successfully for fifteen years. \nIn 1863 he removed to Boone county, Missouri, having purchased \npart of the Newton Short farm and the Harris interest in the town of \nHarrisburo;. Mr. Blakemore was married November 15th, 1864, to \nMiss Euth Young, daughter of David Young, of Howard county, \nMissouri. Mrs. Blakemore was born January 27th, 1836. Her \ngrandfather was Major Edward Young, of Boone county. By this \nunion are five children, three daughters and two sons, all of whom \nare now living. Their names are : Cordelia A., KobertL., James \nN., Nora and Edna. Mr. Blakemore was previously married in Ken- \ntucky to Miss Marion Oldham, daughter of Wm. Oldham, of Madison \ncounty. There was one child, John, by this marriage. He is now \nmarried and is living in Howard county, Missouri. His wife\'s maiden \nname was Stacia Gillum, daughter of Nathan Gillum. In 1880 \nThomas Blakemore removed to his property in Harrisburg, but did \nnot remain in business there but eighteen months. He is now on his \nfarm looking after his fine stock. He is largely interested in the \nGlenco stock of horses, noted for their speed and other excellent \nqualities. Mr. Blakemore and his family are members of the Chris- \ntian church at Harrisburg, and are highly honored and respected for \ntheir liberal support of all public enterprises calculated to benefit the \ncommunity in which they reside. \n\nJAMES J. BOYCE. \n\nThe Boyce family are of Irish descent. The paternal grandfather, \nKobert, was a native of Ireland. The subject of this sketch is the \nson of Willis P. Boyce and was born in Warren county, Kentucky, \nJune 15, 1819. James was brought to Missouri when but three \nmonths old. He was the youngest of seven children, four sons and \nthree daughters. Willis Boyce was a member of the first grand jury \n\n\n\n1082 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\never empanelled in Boone county. The court was held under a tree. \nJune 20, 1839, Mr. Boyce was married to Eliza Orear, daughter of \nE. C. Orear, a native of Fleming county, Kentucky. Eleven chil- \ndren were born of this union, four sons and seven daughters, ten of \nwhom are alive at this writing. Their names are Margaret J., Annie \nL., Rose, Elizabeth, Joseph E., Laura A., Benella, Willis L., Jerrie \nand George H. Margaret is the wife of George W. March. They \nhave had five children. Rose married Wallace Maxwell. Joseph E. \nmarried Katie Keith. The father of Mr. Boyce entered land as early \nas 1819. The place he entered, 170 acres, has changed owners some \nsix or seven times, finally passing into the hands of Mr. James Boyce, \nwho is in possession at this writing. He is a member of the Baptist \nchurch, and has been a communicant for forty years. Has followed\' \nfarming for thirty years. In early manhood was a blacksmith, which \ntrade he followed for eight years. During the excitement growing \nout of the discovery of gold in California, Mr. Boyce crossed the \nplains, but did not remain in the mines but a few months. He re- \nturned to Boone county in 1850, and has remained quietly on his \nfarm ever since. Mrs. James Boyce is of French origin. She was \none of a family of four children. Her sister, Annie T., married Har- \nland Sexton, of Boone county. Her brother, J. B. Orear, is in \nbusiness at Hubbard City, Texas. Another brother, Benjamin, went to \nCalifornia in 1849. He became a prominent citizen of that State, \nserving several terms in the legislature. He was largely interested \nin mining, and while looking after his interests in New Mexico, in \n1873, was taken ill and died. He \'had won considerable distinction \nin public life, and his death was universally deplored by all who knew \nhim. \n\nJAMES BRADLEY. \n\nV James Bradley was bocn in Fayette county, Kentucky, October 11, \n1810. His father, Terry, was the son of Leonard Bradley, a revolu- \ntionary soldier. His great grandfather, on the mother\'s side, was \nSamuel Boone, one of the noted Boone family, famous in the early \nhistory of Kentucky. Mr. Bradley came to Missouri in 1824, and \nsettled in the neighborhood of Huntsville, but prior to the location of \nthat city. Leaving this settlement, he went to Fayette, Howard \ncounty, where he remained twenty years. From Fayette he removed \nto Benton county, Missouri, where he remained three years, return- \ning to Howard county, and from thence to Boone county in 1853, \nwhere he has permanently resided. Mr. Bradley was married ta \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. - 1083^ \n\nZerelda Gibson, daughter of Martin Gibson, of Howard county, Mis- \nsouri. By this union they have been blessed with eight children, \nseven of whom are living. Mr. Bradley is a carpenter and cabinet \nmaker, which occupation he has followed all his life. He has been a \nmember of the Baptist church for forty years. His family are also \nmembers of the same denomination. Mr. Bradley has several daugh- \nters who rank very highly as teachers. Miss Bettie, of the Pike \nCounty Institute, has achieved a fine reputation in the common \nschools of that county. Mr. James W. Bradley, third son of the \nelder Bradley, was born July 4, 1855, and was educated partly in \nHoward county, finishing his studies at the State University. In \n1874 he went to Texas, but did not remain there but one year. Re- \nturning to Boone county, he married Miss Eva A. Fenton, daughter \nof Joshua Fenton. In 1880 he commenced the culture of honey on \na large scale. He bought the large apiary owned by Dr. G. S. \nMorse, of Columbia, which he added to his own collection. Last \nyear (1881) was one of the hardest seasons on bees, yet the yield of \nMr. Bradley\'s apiary was 1,800 pounds. The year previous the yield \nwas 2,500 pounds. He is thoroughly posted in the business, is never \ntroubled with moth and seldom loses a colony, notwithstanding oth- \ners, less skilled in the business, frequently lose all their stock in one \nseason. This illustrates the diflference between a professional and a \nnovice. Mr. Bradley is thoroughly read on the subject, and takes \ngreat pride in the business. \n\nELD. JACKSON T. BURNHAM. \n\nElder Burnham was born in Howard county, Missouri, December 6, \n1831. His father, D. S., was the son of Henry Burnham, a native of \nNorth Carolina, who emigrated to Kentucky. This Henry Burnham \nwas the son of John, the first member of the family born in the United \nStates. His father came from England. The famil}^ is supposed \nto be of German origin, as the former spelling of the name would \nindicate. The second syllable was originally spelled " h-e-i-m." \nSome of the family still discard the letter " h." The Burnhams are \nrepresented in the States of Kentucky, North Carolina, New York, \nTexas and Missouri. Elder Burnham was educated at the common \nschools of Howard county, and at Fayette, w^here he attended three \nsessions, completing his studies at the State University. He followed \nteaching until 1860, when he was chosen clerk of the Sturgeon court \nof common pleas, which position he held for four years. He was \n\n\n\n1084 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nmarried February 5, 1861, to Mrs. Henrietta J. Hill, widow of Franr \ncis M. Hill, and daughter of John Parker, of Illinois. They have \nhad six children, three sons and three daughters, two of whom, Eob- \nert H. and Julia, are dead. The surviving children are Wesley P., \nJohn M., Nannie and Emma D. Mr. Burnham united with the Chris- \ntian church at the age of eighteen, and was licensed to preach in \n1879. He has been pastor of Dripping Springs church. He owns a \nfarm of 160 acres, and divides his time and attention about equally be- \ntween farming and teaching. He is a useful citizen, upright and \nfaithful in the discharge of duty, kind and accommodating as a neigh- \nbor, and earnest and zealous in the school room and pulpit. \n\nWILLIAM H. COCHRAN. \n\nWilliam H. Cochran is of a family of successful farmers \xe2\x80\x94 men of \nexcellent judgment, firm, self-reliant and practical ; farmers, not from \nnecessity, but from a natural love of the business. The subject of \nthis sketch was born on Independence Day, 1847. He is the son of \nEobert Cochran, deceased, a native of South Carolina. The elder \nCochran was a soldier in the war of 1812. He came to Boone county \nin 1821. He died when his son was but twelve years old. There \nwere five other children, three boys and two girls, all younger than \nWilliam. His boyhood was spent under circumstances that did not \nadmit of his ffetting: more than a limited common school education, \nbut he applied himself diligently to reading and in the course of time \nacquired a large store of useful information. He reads the papers \nwith much interest and keeps thoroughly posted on all the stirring \nevents of the period. He is, politically, an earnest and consistent \nDemocrat. He is a member of the A. F. & A. M. He has 200 acres \nof fine grass land, not a foot of which is ever disturbed by the plow. \nThere is neither plowing nor sowing on his farm. He deals exclu- \nsively in live stock, buying, grazing and selling. He has been very \nsuccessful in the cattle and hog trade. His farm is well watered. \nThere is one well on the place which measures 225 feet in depth. \nMr. Cochran is a bachelor of the best type, a kind, genial companion, \na good neighbor and useful citizen. \n\nABRAM H. CONLEY. \n\nAbram H. Conley, farmer, capitalist and trader, was born in Boone \ncounty, Missouri, June 9, 1838. He is the son of John and Belila \n(Weldon) Conley. He was raised on the farm and educated at the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1085 \n\npublic schools, completing liis studies at the Missouri State Univer- \nsity. In 1861 he enlisted in the Confederate service, joining Com- \npany B, Major\'s Battalion, Harvey McKinney (afterwards colonel, \nkilled at Champion Hill, back of Vicksburg) being his captain. When \nthe company was regularly organized, he was elected second lieuten- \nant. Company B was composed of sharpshooters. He served for \nsix months in the old Missouri State Guard. He then joined Col. \nSearcy\'s Battalion, and was chosen first lieutenant of Company D, \ncommanded by Capt. Berry Owens, which position he held until the \nclose of the war. In the captain\'s absence the company was com- \nmanded by Mr. Conley. He was at the battle of Lexington, and was \nwith Bill Anderson when the latter was killed, near the mouth of \nFishing river in Ray county, Missouri, some ten miles southwest of \nRichmond. He had command of twenty men on this memorable oc- \ncasion, which he was taking through to Price\'s army. The next \nfight was at Gasconade river, followed by a severe engagement in \nWright county, nine miles east of Hartsville. There about three \nhundred Federals and an equal number of Confederates engaged. \nThe Confederates were forced into the fight, but the Federals had cause \nto regret their rashness. The Confederate lost considerably less than \nthe Federals, and were allowed to continue their march unmolested. \nThey reached Price\'s array, on Red river, without further fighting. \nDuring the first winter of the war, Mr. Conley was taken prisoner at \nRocky Fork bridge, on the Blackfoot rock road, and was held at \nCentralia and Sturgeon by Gen. Prentiss. Was kept a prisoner for \ntwo weeks, when he was paroled. Was also captured at Lexington, \nbut was soon released. He surrendered at Shreveport under Col. \nCharles S. Mitchell, now of Houston, Texas, formerly of Saline \ncounty, Missouri. Since the war he has folloAved farming and trading. \nAt one time he owned the Model Farm of 400 acres, which he sold to \nWarren A. Smith, September 1, 1881. In 1872 he was elected public \nadministrator, but resigned. He is a member of the Masonic order. \n\nCAPT. MASTIN G. CORLEW. \n\nThe subject of this biography is of French-Huguenot extraction , \nhis paternal great-grandfather having fled from France after the revo- \ncation of the edict of Nantes. He settled in South Carolina and from \nhim the Corlews, now a numerous family, trace their origin. Capt. \nCorlew was born in Boone county, Missouri, February 11, 1821. He \nis the son of John Corlew, Jr., who came to Missouri with his father \n\n\n\n1086 \xe2\x80\xa2 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nin 1817, and settled on the southeast quarter of section three, township \nforty-nine. John Corlew, Jr., was a soldier in the war of 1812, and \nserved under Gen. Jackson. He was for many years constable of \nPerche township. He also served the people in the capacity of a jus- \ntice of the peace. He was a public spirited man and took a deep in- \nterest in education. He was a strict member of the Primitive Baptist \nchurch. He died August 7, 1848, and was bnried at the old Rocky \nFork church. Capt. Corlew\'s mother\'s name, before marriage, was \nGore. In his boyhood, the captain had few opportunities for procur- \ning an education, having attended school but nine months all told. \nHe was married in 1853 to Miss Sarah Cox. By this union seven \nchildren were born, four sons and three daughters. Their names are \nJohn L., Deborah E., Wm. O., Sterling P., Magdalena and Andrew \nJ. Deborah married Silas S. Davenport. They have four children. \nWilliam O. married Jennie Boyce. Capt. Corlew spent four years \nin California, from 1849 to 1853, mining for gold. At the \'breaking \nout of the late civil war, he took sides with the South, serving as \ncaptain under Gen. John B. Clark. He was in some hotly contested \nbattles. Among others, Lexington, Dry wood and Moore\'s Mill. Sur- \nrendered at Shreveport in 1865. He was appointed a justice of the \npeace in 1872, and has held that office ever since. His eldest son, \nJohn L., is a successful teacher in the j)ublic schools of Boone county. \nCapt. Corlew is an official member of the Christian church at Drip- \nping Spring. In politics he is a straightout Democrat. He is very \nearnest in his convictions and jealous in the discharge of duty. The \ncounty of Boone can boast no better citizen than Capt. Corlew, and his \ntownship no truer type of honest, conscientious manhood. \n\nWILLIAM R. COWDEN, M. D. \n\nDr. William R. Cowden, a reliable, competent and enterprising \nyoung physician, of Perche township, was born in Boone county, \nMissouri, November 7th, 1849. He is the son of Hezekiah, a well-to- \ndo farmer of Perche township, who came to Missouri in 1837. The \nfather of Hezekiah was Joseph Cowden, an Irishman. Hezekiah \nmarried Miss Elizabeth Inglehart, daughter of George J., only son \nof George Inglehart, a native of Germany, who came here during the \nrevolutionary war as a soldier under Lord Cornwallis. Dr. William \nE,. Cowden is one of nine children: James E., George W., Joseph, \nAlexander, Florenza, Margaret C, John N. and Mary. The father \nof Dr. Cowden died at the age of fifty-two. He was a zealous mem- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1087 \n\nT3er of the Methodist church, and lived a pious, godly life. The sub- \nject of this sketch was educated at the common schools of the country. \nAfterwards studied medicine under Dr. J. M. Shock, of Everett, \nwhose biography appears elsewhere in this volume. He then attended \nthe lectures at the Medical College of Viro;iuia. He entered colleo;e in \n1874. After ""raduatino; from this institution he took a course of \nlectures at the Bellevue Hospital and Medical College, taking his de- \ngree from this institution in 1876. He was married in 1876 to Miss \nEmma J., daughter of JohnBennett, of Richmond, Virginia. They \nhave three children, Virginia, Willie M. and Etta Lee. The doctor \nis a member of the Christian church. He has a fine practice, and is \nuniversally esteemed by all who know him. He has accumulated \nconsiderable property and all his surroundings are , of the most \npleasant and encouraging nature. \n\nGEO. W. DENHAM. \n\nGeo, W. Denham, son of Samuel Denham, a native of Madison \ncounty, Kentucky, was born in Boone county, Missouri, November \n11th, 1849. His father was an energetic, prosperous farmer, and the \nson has followed the same avocation, and with like success. Mr. Den- \nham was educated at the common schools, but pursued his studies to \nbetter purpose than most young men of like opportunities. Prepar- \ning himself for a teacher he engaged in that business and was quite \nsuccessful. In 1872 he settled on a farm near Midway where he re- \nmained until 1877 when he purchased the Stephen Wilhite farm, \nconsisting of 300 acres, where he now resides. He was married in \n1872, to Miss Stevie S. Wiihite, daughter of Hon W. E. Wil- \nhite. One child was born to them, a son, whom they called Emmett. \nMrs. Denham died in 1874. The child died at the asfe of eleven \nmonths. Mr. Denham is director of his school district and an official \nmember of the Baptist church at Walnut Grove. He is also super- \nintendent of the Sunday school, which he has labored long and zeal- \nously to build up. He is an earnest, devoted Christian, upright and \nfaithful in every position of life. \n\nWILLIAM T. DIMMITT \n\nWas one of a family of ten children, all of whom lived to be fathers \nand mothers of families. Joshua Dimmitt, the father of William, was \nthe son of Eichard Dimmitt, a native of Maryland. The subject of \nthis sketch was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, April 26th, 1817. \n\n\n\n1088 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHe moved with his parents to Indiana, where he resided for sixteen \nyears. He returned to Kentucky and married Miss Harriet Talbott,, \nwho died in about one year after the marriage. His second wife was \nMiss Margaret M. Long, daughter of Judge T. A. Long. There \nwere eight children born of this marriage, four daughters and four \nsons. One son died in infancy. Eev. Thomas F. Dimmitt is a min- \nister of the M. E. Church South. He is now a member of one of the \nTexas conferences. Sarah E. married Louis Hoffman, county attor- \nney for Gasconade county, Missouri. George W. is in the lumber \nbusiness at Lathrop, Clinton county, Missouri. Harriet married \nAlexander M. Cochran, of Clinton county. One son and two daugh- \nters are still with their parents. When Mr. Dimmitt came to Boone \ncounty, in 1861, his position was rather unpleasant owing to the bitter \nfeelino;s srrowins: out of the war. His neio-hbors were intensely South- \nern in sentiment and slow to believe that people coming from a North- \nern State could be other than Union sympathizers, and to that extent \nenemies of the South. Their disappointment, to say the least, was \nmost pleasurable. The Dimmitts were Methodists and in hearty ac- \ncord with their brethren. The parents of Mrs. Dimmitt are still living \nHer father is eighty-seven, her mother eighty-four. They have been \nliving as man and wife for sixty-three years. \n\nJOSHUA FENTON. \n\nJoshua Fenton was born in Boone county, Missouri, September 30th, \n1826. He is the son of Caleb Fenton, a native o^ Virginia, who emi- \ngrated first to Kentucky and then to Boone county, Missouri, where \nhe remained until his death,, in 1840. Joshua was brought up on the \nfarm and educated at the district schools. In 1849 he was married to \nMiss Agnes March, daughter of Absalom March, of Kentucky. Ten \nchildren were born to them, three boys and seven girls. One son and \nfive girls are living. All are married except Joshua C, who, at this \nwriting, is living with his father. Mr. Fenton is a member of the \nBaptist church at New Providence. He cultivates an excellent farm \nof 300 acres ; is an enterprising, public-spirited citizen, honored and \nrespected by all who know him. \n\nWILLIAM H. H. FENTON. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Boone county, Missouri, June \n5th, 183.5. He is the son of Caleb Fenton, a native of Kentucky, who \ncame to Boone county at an early period of its history. His father \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1089 \n\nwas also named Caleb. William was educated at the common schools \nof the county. The first teacher, of any consequence, was Robert A. \nYounger, under whose instructions he made rapid progress. He was \nmarried in 1856 to Miss Luciuda, daughter of Buford Stice, of Boone \ncounty, a native of Kentucky. By this union they had five children : \nAda, who married Washington Mordica ; James T. married Miss Cora \nPhillippie ; Andrew B. ; William E. ; Annie, married William Pol- \nlock. The first wife dying, Mr. Fenton marriisd Miss Belle, \ndaughter of John I. Pollock. By this union they have two sons, Hin- \nton and Turner G., namesakes of Judge Hinton and Hon. Squire Tur- \nner, of Columbia, Missouri. Mr. Fenton is a member of the Masonic \norder. He purchased the farm upon which he now lives of Allen \nCoats. It was settled in 1819 : it is situated on Silver\'s Fork, of the \nPerche, and is very productive. Notwithstanding the severe drought \nof 1881, which rendered the corn crop almost a failure, Mr. Fenton \nproduced more of this cereal than he could consume. \n\nJAMES J. FENTON, DECEASED. \n\nJames J. Fenton was born in Kentucky, June 5, 1820. He was \nraised on a farm and chose agriculture as the future occupation of his \nlife. He came to Missouri in his childhood. Married Sarah A., \ndaughter of Anthony Drane. They had nine children, eight of whom \nare living. Their names are Caleb A., James A., Lawrence E., John \nP., M. A., Joseph I., Albert and George, The dead son was named \nLee. He died at the age of two years. Four of their children are \nmarried. Caleb married Jennie Hall. They have five children. \nJames A. married Carrie Trunnell and have one child. Laura E. \nmarried James Wilhite and they have one child. John P. married Susan \nTucker and they have one child. Mr. Fenton was a member of the \nBethlehem Baptist church. He died in 1869, aged forty-eight years \nand eight months. Mrs. Fenton is still living on the old homestead. \nMr. Fenton was widely known and highly esteemed by all who knew \nhim. . \n\nARCHIBALD GOIN. \n\nArchibald Goin is a native of Kentucky, having been born in Madi- \nson county, June 5, 1812. He is the son of Francis and Nancy Goin. \nLiving in Kentucky until he was seventeen years old, he came to \nBoone county in September, 1829, and remained one year in Missouri. \nHe then returned to his former home in Kentucky. In 1831 came \nback to Boone county and settled in what is now known as Centralia \n69 \n\n\n\n1090 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\ntownship, but afterwards removed to Perche township, where he now \nresides. He has followed agricultural pursuits all his life. Was mar- \nried in 1830 to Sophia, daughter of Samuel and Ellen Hunter. They \nraised seven children, four of whom are now living. Lost two sons \nin the army. The names of the living are William H., Margaret, \nJames Grandison, and Susan P. Three of their children, James, \nMartha Ellen, and Franklin, are dead. Mrs. Goin is a member of the \nOld School Baptist church. Mr. Goin is not a church member. \n\nTHOMAS FRANKLIN GOSLIN . \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born where he now lives, September \n7, 1837. He is the third child of Sylvester F., who came to Boone \ncounty in 1818, with his father, William, from Kentucky, when Syl- \nvester was but ten years old. They had to take shelter in Cooper\'s \nFort. Thomas is one of thirteen children, eioht sons and five daugh- \nters. He was principally educated at subscription schools, Robert \nA. Younger being his first teacher. Having been raised upon the- \nfarm, he naturally chose that avocation on arriving at the age of ma- \nturity, and has followed the business ever since. He is also a carpenter, \nand has worked considerably at this trade. He inherited his father\'s farm ^ \nupon which he now resides. The fiirra is well improved, and is finely \nadapted to stockraising. Mr.Goslin keeps some very fine stock and takes \na lively interest in the business. He married Nancy E. HaAvkins, \ndaughter of Joel Hawkins, of Boone county. By this union they have \nsix children, three of each sex. Their names are James, Joseph, \nJohn, Dora, Lou Ellen, and Amanda. Mr. Goslin is a member of the \nBaptist church at Bethlehem. He takes a deep interest in the cause \nof education, and is an enterprising, clever citizen. \n\nISAAC C. HUNTINGTON. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in New York, July 24th, 1834. \nHe is the son of James P. Huntington, and of English-French origin. \nHe came to Missouri in March, 1866, and settled in Boone county. \nHe purchased 600 acres of land in the vicinity of the " Model Farm," \nwhere he has since resided, Mr. Huntington is largely engaged in the \nlive stock business, making Jersey and Durham cattle and thorough- \nbred sheep his specialties. Two hundred acres of his farm are in \nblue o;rass. He has one of the finest orchards in the countv. Mr. \nHuntington was married to Miss Addie Barton, daughter of S. Barton, \na merchant. They have four children, three sons and one daughter. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1091 \n\nMr. Huntington is a member of the A. F. & A. M. order. He lias \nalways taken an active part in public school work, but has no political \naspirations. Was in the United States service during the late civil \nwar and was wounded at the battle of Bull Run. He was first lieu- \ntenant under Col, Stiles. Mr. Huntington has a substantial, well- \nbuilt mansion furnished with all the modern improvements and con- \nveniences of a well-ordered city residence. His yard and lawn are \nbeautifully ornamented with flowers and shrubbery, arranged in the \nmost beautiful and tasty manner. Mr. Huntington is highly appre- \nciated by all who know him. He is a good neighbor, a genial com- \npanion and prompt and faithful in the discharge of all the duties of \ncitizenship. \n\nWILLIAM F. m\'QUITTY, M. D. \n\nDr. McQuitty is a young man of fine attainments, having both a \nclassical and medical education, and withal the confidence and esteem \nof all who know him. He was born in Boone county, Missouri, Jan- \nuary 15th, 1852. His father, Andrew J. McQuitty, was born in 1825, \nbeing the son of David McQuitty, one of the early pioneers of Missouri. \nThe grandfather of Dr. McQuitty emigrated from Kentucky in 1811, \nsettling first in St, Louis county. In 1813 he was an inmate of \nPond\'s Fort. David, at this time, was with his father, Andrew, who \nsubsequently entered the lands upon which Fielding W. Smith now \nresides. Andrew J. McQuitty, his grandson, settled part of the old \nSexton farm. Dr. McQuitty is one of three children, two sons and \none daughter. His brother, James, married Miss Annie Dysart, of \nBoone county. Since graduating at the Missouri State University, \nDr. McQuitty has been actively engaged in the practice of his profes- \nsion. The first year of his professional life was spent at Burlington, \nBoone county. Returning to his own neighborhood, in 1882, he \nformed a partnership with Dr. Lewis, at Woodlandville, at which \nplace he now resides. He has acquired some nice property at this \nplace and is prospering in his profession. Dr. McQuitty is firm and \ndevoted to his principles, resolute and determined in all that he under- \ntakes. He is a member of the Baptist church at New Providence, \nand has been earnest and devoted in his religious duties from early \nyouth. \n\nGEORGE WASHINGTON NORRIS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a native of Boone county, Missouri,, \nborn January 6th, 1834. His father, William Norris, was born in \nAlbermarle county, Virginia. George W. Norris was one of eight \n\n\n\n1092 HISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. * \n\n\xe2\x80\xa2children, five sons and three daughters. The elder Norris died when \nGeorge was but five years old, leaving the latter to work out his own \ndestiny. Under the circumstances, his education was somewhat neg- \nlected. He was first married to Miss Amanda I. Short, daughter of \nCornelius and Sallie Short, of Boone county. One child, Wilford A., \nwas born of this marriage, and is now, at this writing, a student of \nthe medical department of the Missouri State University. His first \nwife having died, in 1861, Mr. Norris has since married the second \ntime, the last wife being Mrs. Sarah F. Watts, nee Eowland, and \nwidow of Wm. Watts. There were four children bv this marriag-e : \nOra M., Mattie L., Henry J., and George William. The second and \nthird named are dead. Mr. Norris has resided since 1859 on a fine \nfarm of 160 acres, situated in the vicinity of Bethlehem Baptist church, \n-of which organization he and his family are members. During the \nlate civil war Mr. Norris was a member of Company I, Second Mis- \nsouri infantry, Confederate army. He was with Pemberton at Vicks- \n})urg, in 1863, and was taken prisoner. Since the war he has been an \nactive farmer, and has taken much interest in educational matters, \nespecially in matters pertaining to the common schools, his own \n\xe2\x96\xa0district school in particular. \n\nBENJAMIN H. OREAR. \n\nBenj. H. Orear was born in Boone county, Missouri, September \n18th, 1846. He is the son of Joseph B. Orear, a native of Ken- \ntucky. He was reared on the farm and educated at the common \nschools of the country. Was in the Confederate army under Gen. \nPrice during the last year of the war. He married Fannie E. Searcy, \nwidow of the late Thomas B. Searcy, who was a son of Lemuel B. \nSearcy, a prominent and influential citizen of Boone county. Thomas \nwas born in Boone county, December 27th, 1838 ; he was educated at \nthe common schools, completing his studies at Lathrop and Roche- \nport academies, under the instruction of his brother. Prof. Newton \n.Searcy ; he entered the Confederate army and remained in the service \nuntil the close of the war, in 1865. He married Miss Annie E., \n\xe2\x80\xa2daughter, of William D. Bullard. The following children were born \nto him: Ethel B., Stella, Edna, Earl, Lemuel B. and Nellie T. Mr. \nSearcy was the choice of Boone county for assessor, and was twice \n\xe2\x80\xa2elected to that office. He was assessor at the time of his death; he \nwas a member of the Masonic order and took a lively interest in the \ngrange, of which order he was an active member. He died April 3d, \n\n\n\n\n^CC^H-Oi. ^^^\'0^*\'\'-^^>^tJ2fL ^^-^t/7 \n\n\n\nHISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1093 \n\n1877, and was buried in the Rocky Fork cemetery. Thus passed \naway, in the vigor and prime of life, one of the most popuhir and \ninfluential young men of Boone county. \n\nEDWIN M. PEICE. \n\nThe subject of this memoir is a son of R. B. Price, president of the \nBoone County National Bank. In discharging the duties of this impor- \ntant trust Mr. Price has shown remarkable ability. It is a position re- \nquiring prudence, firmness and decision of character, characteristics for \nwhich Mr. Price has long been noted. As a financier he has few \nequals ; his long and successful management of this business is suf- \nficient commendation in itself. Edwin M. Price was born in Co- \nlumbia, August 5th, 1856 ; his mother was Emma Prewitt, daughter, \nof Moss Prewitt, one of the pioneer business men of Columbia ; he \nwas both banker and merchant, and by diligent management accumu- \nlated a large fortune. He once owned the land upon which a large \nportion of Columbia is now situated ; he was also \'largely interested \nin slave property. Just prior to the war he owned more negroes than \nany other planter in the county. He was then largely engaged in \nfarming. When the war commenced he turned his attention to banking \nand merchandising. The subject of this sketch was educated at the \nMissouri State University, taking a scientific course ; he received his \ndiploma in 1880. Soon after graduating he purchased one thousand \noiie hundred and eighty acres of the celebrated " Model Farm," pre- \nviously the property of Hon. John W. Harris. Mr. Price is now \nliving on this beautiful farm and is extensively engaged in raising \nthoroughbred cattle. He has on his farm one hundred and ten head \nof imported sheep. He is also largely interested in the mule trade. \nThe farm is abundantly supplied with all kinds of labor-saving machin- \nery. The " Model Farm " is situated in the blue grass region. The \npastures in this part of the county are scarcely inferior to those of \nBourbon county, Kentucky. Mr. Price was married in 1881 to Miss \nMary Lakenan, daughter of Senator R. F. Lakenan, of Hannibal ,^ \nMissouri. They have one son. He bears the name of R. B.Price, Jr. \n\nCAPT. DAVID PROWELL, SR. \n\nThe subject of this biography was born in Adair county, Kentucky, \nJanuary 26th, 1809. He was the eldest of a family of eleven children \nborn to James and Margaret Prowell, natives of Virginia. The \nPro Wells are of Irish descent. William, grandfather on the father\'s \n\n\n\n1094 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nside, was a soldier of the revolution. The maternal grandfather, \nEobin Fletcher, was a soldier in the war of 1812. Mr. Prowell\'s \nopportunities for obtaining an education were few and of the most \nprimitive character. He obtained the rudiments of a common school \neducation in a rude log cabin, destitute of floor and chimney. The \nfire-place was in the center of the room, under an aperture in the \nroof, through which the smoke escaped. Capt. Prowell married Miss \nBetsey Booher, daughter of Capt. John Booher, a native of Virginia, \nbut at the time of his daughter\'s marriage a citizen of Kentucky. \nSeven children were born of this marriage, five of whom are alive at \nthis writing. One of his daughters, Nancy W., married Montgomery \nCowden, and removed with him to Texas. They have six children. \nElizabeth married John M. Phillippie, of Boone county. They have \nten children, two of whom are married. The names of the other \nchildren, living and dead, are Caroline, Mary J., David, Jr., John, \nand James. Capt. Prowell came to Missouri in 1834. While on the \nroad his oldest child sickened and died. He settled near where he \nnow lives, on "View Hill," a very commanding situation, presenting \na fine view of the surrounding country. His farm is located ten \nmiles north of Columbia. The farming land lies in the valley of \nSilver\'s Fork of the Perche, and is very -productive, producing, in 1881, \nforty bushels of wheat to the acre. The up-land is rolling and finely \ntimbered, being well adapted to the growth of grass, tobacco, corn \nand wheat. The farm is admirably watered. Notwithstanding the \ncorn crop of Missouri was almost a failure in 1881, Capt. Prowell \nproduced on his farm a surplus of 500 bushels. In the beginning \nof the civil war, Capt. Prowell responded to the call of the gover- \nnor for volunteers, but the army was soon disbanded, and he returned \nhome. When the second call was made, he again responded. He \nwas detached by his colonel to intercept a company of the enemy ; \nhence did not reach Boonville till the battle was over. Returning to his \nhome soon after, he was arrested and banished from the State, in com- \npany with several other prominent citizens of Boone county, known \nto be friendly to the South. Returning from Illinois, where he had \nbeen banished, he has remained quietly on his farm ever since. Capt. \nProwell has always lived peaceably with his neighbors, having never \nbeen engaged in a law suit, though he has had as many business trans- \nactions with his fellow-men as usually falls to the lot of a single indi- \nvidual. He has always been a positive Democrat. To him the name \nis a synonym for honesty. He has always been a farmer, but in \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 1095 \n\n\xc2\xabarly life used to teach school during the winter season. He taught \nbut one term, however, after coming to Missouri. Capt. Pro well is \nwidely known and universally respected. His hospitality is proverbial. \nIt is a saying of his, and a characteristic one, that the latch-string of \nMs door hangs on the outside. \n\nEOBERT PROWELL. \n\nRobert Pro well is a native of Adair county, Kentucky, where he \nwas born December 10th, 1813. His father, James, was the son of \nWilliam Pro well, a soldier of the revolution. The Prowells are of \nIrish origin, the great-grandfather of Robert having emigrated to \nAmerica in colonial days. The subject of this sketch grew up to \nmanhood in Kentucky, emigrating to Boone county, Missouri, in 1836. \nHe settled on a farm and devoted his attention to agriculture and to \nbreeding extra stable stock, keeping a special grade of harness and \ndraught horses. He has followed this business successfully for over \nforty years. Mr. Prowell was married December 19th, 1838, to Miss \nCharlotte E., daughter of Leven Bishop, a native of Maryland. Eight \nchildren were born to them, four of each sex, three of whom, James, \nLewis and Arabella, are dead. The surviving children are Margaret \nJ., Sarah E., William, Judah A. and Joseph B. Margaret J. married \nLuther V. Caldwell. They have had three children, two of whom \nare living. Sarah E. married William Hayes. They have six chil- \ndren. William married Mary E. Lyon. They have three children. \nJudah A. married William Milhollen. They have three children. Mr. \nProwell commenced improving his present home in 1846. It was \nthen almost an unbroken forest. He bought the land from David \nBooth, who had entered it several years before. The farm contains \n266 acres. As to religion, Mr. Prowell is a Methodist. His family \nare also members of that church. Mrs. Prowell has been a devoted \nChristian since she was fifteen years old, and has brought up her family \nin the fear and admonition of the Lord. She has been an active church \nmember for fifty years. \n\nSANFORD REIt), DECEASED. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Madison county, Kentucky, \nJanuary 26th, 1843. He was the son of Orestus Reid. The family \nare of English origin. Sanford Reid was married in 1862 \nto Miss Martha E. Noe, daughter of James S. Noe, of Virginia. \nEight children were born of this marriage. Their names are George \n\n\n\n1096 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nM., W. Orestus, Samuel Z., Lena R., Ruth, Clifton B. and Rosa L. \nTwo died in early childhood. Mr. Reid was in the Confederate ser- \nvice during the first year of the war. He was a member of the \nChristian church and an enterprising, worthy citizen ; an active pro- \nmoter of education and a friend to public enterprise generally. He \nwas a farmer. * \n\nDUSKIN SETTLES. \n\nDusldn Settles, son of G. Settles, of Virginia, was born in that \nState, September 15th, 1826, and emigrated to Boone county, Mis- \nsouri, in 1860. Mr. Settles\' opportunities for acquiring an education \nwere very limited. It was scarcely within his power to attain the \nrudiments of learning. He was married at the age of twenty-six to \nMiss Mary Shears, daughter of James Shears. Thirteen children \nhave been born to them, nine of whom are alive at this writing. Mr. \nSettles is a man of excellent judgment, industrioiis, energetic and \nfaithful in the discharge of every duty, whether of public or private \nimport. For a number of years he managed the Model Farm, He \nwas in charge of the farm when Mr. Harris died. He filled this \nresponsible position to the entire satisfaction of his employer. Mr. \nSettles owns two hundred and fifty-two acres of land, which he culti- \nvates to the best advantage. He is a member of the Methodist \nchurch. \n\n/ JOHN M. SHOCK, M. D. \n\n\\ Dr. John M. Shock is a native of Boone county, Missouri. He is \nthe son of David S. Shock, one of the early and substantial pioneers, \na Kentuckian by birth, and a native of Fayette county. The father \nof David Shock was a Virginian and a soldier under "Mad Anthony \nWayne," in his famous campaign against the French and Indians. He \nremained in the army for three years. The Shocks are of French \norigin. The father and grandfather of Dr. Shock were members of \nthe regular Baptist church. The subject of this biography was born \none and a half miles north of Columbia, August 16th, 1824. He was \nbrought up on the farm and attended the common schools of the coun- \ntry, which in his day were none of the best, but by close application \nhe mastered the studies then taught in our district schools and \nbecame a teacher. After six years of diligent labor in the school \nroom, he attended Pope\'s Medical, College in St. Louis, where he \ngraduated in 1858. Returning from St. Louis, he commenced the \npractice of his profession in the neighborhood where he now resides. \nHe has had all the practice he could attend to in the last quarter of a \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1097 \n\ncentury. He is still in the prime of vigorous manhood, and at this \nwriting is equal to the labor of the busiest year of his life. He \nhas prospered in business almost from the start. He owns \nover five hundred acres of very fine land besides other valuable \nproperty. He was married -in 1852 to Miss Sallie A. Sheley, \ndaughter of Ransom Sheley, of Callaway county, Missouri. \nOne child was born of this marriage. The first wife died \nthree years after marriage and the doctor chose for his second \nwife Miss Catherine Ritchie, of Kentucky, She died in 1860, leaving \none child. He was married the third time to Miss Sallie J. M. Mc- \nQuitty, daughter of George McQuitty, a prominent farmer of Boone \ncounty. They have four children by this marriage, one son and three \ndaughters. Dr. Shock is a zealous and influential member of the \nBaptist church and a teacher in the Walnut Grove Sunday school. \nHe is a member of the Everett Grange, also a member of the Roche- \nport lodge of A. F. & A. M. His life has been a success. He is, in \nthe strictest sense of the term, a self-made man. \n\nFIELDING W. SMITH. \n\nBoone county has been blessed by nature with almost every variety \nof soil from the richest and most sightly to the roughest and most ro- \n.mantic. Rich pasture land is not the rule, but there are many thou- \nsands of acres of blue grass not excelled on the continent. The sub- \nject of this sketch owns over 300 acres of grass land situated in one \nof the richest and most beautiful sections of country west of the Mis- \nsissippi. That this is no exaggeration, one need but visit the farms in \nthis section to be convinced. Mr. Smith is a practical farmer and de- \nlights in his avocation as much as it is possible for a man to delight in \nhis business. He is the youngest son of Capt. William Smith, one of \nthe earliest settlers of Boone county, a man of superior intelligence \nand sterling worth. He came to Boone county a poor man, but by in- \ndustry, prudence and energy accumulated a fortune, bequeathing to \nhis sons not only a handsome legacy but a thorough education. Capt. \nWilliam Smith was a native of Madison county, Kentucky. He was \nborn in 1794, and emigrated to Boone county in 1819. He was of \nIrish extraction and possessed many of the characteristics of that race. \nHe was jovial and witty, and loved a joke for its own sake. Possess- \ning a fair education and excellent judgment, his services were urgently \nsought for in public life, but with the single exception of representing \nhis county once in the legislature, he steadfastly refused all offers of \n\n\n\n1098 - HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\npromotion. His colleagues in the legislature were Dr. Matt. Arnold \nand William Rowland. Claib. Jackson and Sterling Price were also \nmembers of the same general assembly. The latter was speaker of \nthe house. Captain Smith resided on a farm five miles west of Co- \nlumbia from 1819 to 1862, removing in that year to the farm now oc- \ncupied by his son Fielding W. Smith. Here he died in 1875, at the \nage of 81. He was a man of sterling worth, moral, upright and dig- \nnified, commanding the esteem of all who knew him. Fielding W. \nSmith was born April 17, 1846. He was educated at the Missouri \nState University. He was married in 1867 to Miss Mattie A. Mc- \nKinney, of Boone county, daughter of John C. McKinney. Their \nunion has been blessed by four sons. Their model home is noted far \nand wide for generous hospitality dispensed by Mr. and Mrs. Smith \nto all who pass the portals of their happy, well-ordered home. Mr. \nSmith makes a specialty of breeding thoroughbred stock, especially \nCots wold sheep and Hereford cattle. He owns the only herd of \nHereford cattle in the county, and the second herd in the State. His \nfine bull, " Dictator," number 1989, weighs 2,000 pounds. He took \nthe sweepstake premium at St. Louis in 1881 ; first premium at Kan- \nsas City in 1881, and the first prize at the "Western National Fair at \nLawrence, Kansas. Of this stock he has six females and two males. \nThree of his cows are imported from England. His herd is managed \nby W. J. Downing, an Englishman, from Hereford, He knows the \nname of every Hereford breeder in England and America and can tell \nthe pedigree of every animal of the Hereford stock. Mr. Smith owns \n900 acres of land, one-third of Avhich is in blue grass. His farm is \nknown as " Greenwood." He is well supplied Avith all sorts of ma- \nchinery, in fact there seems to be nothing wanting that heart could \nwish for. Mr. Smith is a member of the Baptist church at Walnut \nGrove. He is in the prime and vigor of young manhood, with, evi- \ndently, a bright future before him. \n\nSOLON E, SMITH. \n\nDavid Smith, the father of Solon E. Smith, was born in Madison \ncounty, Kentucky, in 1806, and came to Missouri in 1824, settling \npermanently in Cooper county. He was afterwards a soldier in the \nBlackhawk war, rendering substantial service in that campaign. He \nhas succeeded well as a farmer and his old age (he is still living) has \nbeen crowned with quiet ease and contentment. He is a worthy and \n\xe2\x96\xa0consistent member of the Cumberland Presbyterian church, and a \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1099 \n\nDemocrat in politics. David Smith is a brother of the late Capt. \nWilliam Smith, of Boone county. He is the father of ten children, \nsix sons and four daughters, all of whom are now living. Solon E., \nwas born in Cooper county, Missouri, November 27, 1846, and came \nto Boone county in 1880. He purchased the " Rollins farm " from \nR. L. Baker, consisting of 459 acres, situated in the blue grass region \nand splendidly adapted to stock raising. The farm is elegantly im- \nl^roved. The situation is most beautiful. The lawn extending south \nfrom the mansion nearly three hundred yards is set in grass and orna- \nmented with all kinds of evergreens and native forest trees. The place \nwas improved by the late John Rollins, son of Dr. Rollins and brother \nof Maj. James S. Rollins. It is part of the old Rollins homestead. \nThe view from the mansion is distant and very impressive to all lovers \nof the sublime and beautiful in nature. Mr. Smith is a bachelor. He \nhas travelled a great deal, and being well posted on all the leading top- \nics of the day, is a most entertaining companion. He is largely en- \ngaged in the stock business and deeply interested in his experiment, \ncommenced in 1882, of breeding the Hereford cattle with the short \nhorns. \n\nJOHN C. STICE. \n\nJohn C. Stice was born in Boone county, Missouri, January 30, \n1844. His father, Buford Stice, was a native of Kentucky who emi- \ngrated to Boone county in an early day. He died when his son was a \nsmall boy. The subject of this sketch was one of five children, who \ngrew up on the home place originally settled by the elder Stice, near \nthe old Dripping Spring church. John C. Stice was educated at the \ncommon schools of his neighborhood, his first teacher being James \nKelly. He was a soldier in the Confederate army during the last \nyear of the war, and was in several battles. He married Miss Eliza- \nbeth Schooler, daughter of Alex. Schooler, of Boone county. They \nhave four children, one son and three daughters. Mr. Stice owns a \ngood farm of about 120 acres, situated on the public road. He is a \nbreeder of fine horses and his stock is much praised in the community \nwhere he lives. He is a member of the Christian church. \n\nJOHN W. THURSTON. \n\nJohn W. Thurston is of English extraction, but remotely, his fore- \nfathers for three or four generations having; been born in Virg-inia. \n\no o o \n\nHe himself was born in that State, being a native of Albemarle county. \nHe is the son of Thomas Thurston, and was born December 4, 1829. \n\n\n\n1100 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHis mother was the daughter of Walter Watson, a revolutionary sol- \ndier, and a native of Maryland. Mr. Thurston came to Boone county^ \nMissouri, in 1854. In 1858 he was married to Miss Mary F. Elliott, \ndaughter of Eppa Elliott. By this marriage there are seven children \xe2\x80\x94 \nthree sons and four daughters \xe2\x80\x94 all of whom are living. Their names \nare Ralph E., Mary L., John T., Nora M., Mary F., Elsa E. and \nHollis H. Mr. Thurston owns an excellent farm of 387 acres, well \nsituated and finely improved. He is an enterprising, useful citizen. \nHe is an official member of the Everett M. E. Church South. His \noldest son, Ralph E., was recently married to Miss Mary Cowden. \nThe eldest daughter, Mary L., was for several years a student of the \nState University, and is now a successful teacher of the common \nschools of Boone county. \n\nREUBEN JEFEERSON WADE. \n\nReuben J. Wade was born in Cumberland county, Kentucky, Octo- \nber 4, 1816. He is the son of Pierce Wade, who emigrated to Boone \ncounty in May, 1824, settling the place on which John Grant now \nlives. Here he and his wife lived out the remainder of their days. \nHe was politically a Democrat ; religiously a Primitive Baptist. Young \nWade was educated at the old log school houses of the county, under \nteachers who really knew but little ; but education being at a low ebb, \ntheir qualifications were seldom, if ever, called into question. Mr. \nWade was married to Miss Elizabeth Wingo, daughter of Thomas \nWingo. By this union they have had ten children, five of whom are \ndead. The surviving children are Thomas B., Mary J., Alice, Mahala \nG., and Lucy E. William W. died while a soldier iiv the Confederate \narmy. Thomas B. married India Rumans. They have five children. \nMary J. married Harrison Brown. They have had three children, \ntwo of whom are dead. Alice married John T. Holloway. They \nhave no children. Mahala married James W. Benton. They have one \nchild. In politics, Mr. Wade is an uncompromising Democrat ; in \nreligion, a member of the Christian church. \n\nFOUNTAIN F. WAYLAND. \n\nFountain F. Wayland is a native of Virginia. He is the son of Joel \nWayland, a soldier of the war of 1812. They are of English origin. \nThe elder Wayland lived to be eighty-eight years old, and for three- \nscore years and ten was a member of the Methodist church. Foun- \ntain was born in the " Old Dominion," November 17, 1821. They left \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY, 1101 \n\nVirginia in 1826 and went to Ohio, where they remained twelve years ; \nthence to Howard county, Missouri, where they lived till 1842. Com- \ning to Boone county, they settled on the farm where Mr. Wayland \nnow resides. He was married to SemiraM. Smith, of Howard county. \nThey have had eleven children \xe2\x80\x94 eight daughters and three sons. \nThree of their children are married. Mr. Wayland is an official mem- \nber of the Methodist church. \n\nHON. WILLIAM RICE WILHITE. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a practical farmer. Possessing many \nof the characteristics of a leader, he naturally became the representa- \ntive of that worthy, influential and powerful class of citizens who, \ncollectively, form the bulk of our population. This too without any \nspecial eflbrt of his own in that direction. The farmers showed ex- \ncellent judgment in selecting Mr. Wilhite, a man worthy of the hon- \nors conferred and capable of discharging the trust almost unanimously \nimposed. As a member of the legislature, Mr. Wilhite was not bril- \nliant. His speeches were few, and never eloquent. He did not talk \nfor the sake of talking. Such demagoguery is foreign to his nature. \nHe strove to ascertain his official duty and then went earnestly to work \nto accomplish his purpose. His career in the State legislature won \nthe esteem of every honest, conscientious representative in that body. \nHis integrity, his devotion to principle, and, withal, his excellent \njudgment, made him a useful member ; useful not only to his con- \nstituents, but to the State at large, and to the party whose principles \nhe represented. Mr. Wilhite was born in Boone county, Missouri, \nApril 13th, 1830, and is at this writing about fifty-two years old, but \nlooks much younger. His father was a native of Kentucky, but came \nto Missouri in 1818, when our State was yet a territory. The elder \nWilhite was a farmer, and the subject of this sketch was brought up \nin that business. His chances for acquiring an education were poor, \nbut he made the best use possible of every opportunity that presented \nitself, and when in after years he was called from the farm to repre- \nsent his county in the legislature he was prepared to discharge the \nduties of that office in the most acceptable manner. Mr. Wilhite was \nmarried in 1853, but had the misfortune to lose his wife in three years \nafter their marriage. Their union was blessed with one child, a \ndaughter, who grew up to womanhood and was married, but died in \nthe first year of her wedded life. In 1851 Mr. Wilhite purchased a farm \nin Howard county, to which he removed, but soon returned to his \n\n\n\n1102 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfather\'s old home in Boone county. In 1855 he bought a farm near \nRocheport, on which he resided for about three years. He then pur- \nchased his present farm, near Woodlandville, consisting of 540 acres \nof very fine land. He has resided on this farm since 1864. It is \nadmirably improved and in a high state of cultivation. In 1874 Mr. \nWilhite was chosen to represent his county in the twenty-eighth \ngeneral assembly. While a member of the legislature he was chair- \nman of the committee on State University ; also ways and means, \npenitentiary, agriculture and scientific and benevolent institu- \ntions. He was reelected in 1876, without opposition, an endorse- \nment without a parallel in the political history of Boone county. \nSince serving his last term in the legislature Mr. Wilhite has re- \nmained quietly on his farm, looking after his interests in that quar- \nter, taking no part in politics whatever. He has frequently been \nsolicited to again become a candidate for the legislature, but he seems \nrather to prefer the quiet home life of a well-to-do farmer to the \nanxiety and turmoil of political strife. Mr. Wilhite is a member of \nthe Baptist church at Walnut Grove, and has always contributed lib- \nerally to the support of the gospel. \n\nMOSES WILHITE. \n\nMoses Wilhite was born in Kentucky, October 28th, 1824. His \nfather, Joel, was the son of Lewis Wilhite, of Virginia. Grandfather \non the mother\'s side was George Elliott, of Irish origin. The Wil- \nhites are of German descent. Joel was born in Virginia, and served \nin the war of 1812. He came to Missouri in 1837, when his son, \nMoses, was but a small boy. He settled on a farm and lived to a \ngood old age, rearing a large family, and winning the respect and con- \nfidence of all who knew him. Moses was married to Miss Caroline \nA. Little, daughter of J. M. Little, an old settler from Kentucky. \nNine children have been born to them, five boys and four girls. \nTheir names are Hattie B., Mary C, James L., Joseph A., John \nP., George B., Edwin S., Stella E. and Lela M. Mary C. married \nGeoro-e M. Hawkins. Thev have two children. James L. married \nMiss Fenton. They have one child. Joseph A. married Lou Ann \nWade. They have one child. Hattie and Mary C. died in their 23d \nyear. In faith Mr. Wilhite is a Baptist. He is a member of the \nBethlehem congregation. He served in the Mexican war, under \nGen. Doniphan. His farm consists of 295 acres, finely improved \nand in a high state of cultivation. The soil is well adapted to the \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1103 \n\ncultivation of blue grass, and his pastures are the best in that sec- \ntion of the country. His land produces excellent wheat and corn. \nMr. Wilhite has made farming a success, and takes great interest \nin his farm and stock. \n\nSMITH WILHITE. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Kentucky, December 21st, \n1822. He is the son of Joel Wilhite, a native of Culpepper county, \nVirginia. In 1837 Joel Wilhite emigrated to Missouri, and settled in \nOsage county, but did not remain there but one season. Coming to \nBoone county in 1838 he settled for the remainder of his life on a \nfarm near New Providence church. His children were educated at \nthe common schools of the country. The subject of this sketch \nmarried Kebecca Grant, daughter of Elijah Grant, of Boone county. \nEleven children were born to them, three of whom died in infancy. \nThe living are Mary E., Robert H., Boyle G., Porter C, Myra B., \nNannie A., Minnie M. and Sallie P. Mary E. married George M. \nHawkins. They have had two children. Boyle G. married Laura \nHawkins. Mr. Wilhite has a fine farm of 250 acres which was but \npartially improved when he bought it. It is now one of the best \nfarms in that region of country. He has excellent blue grass and is \nwell-fixed for raising and handling stock. Mr. Wilhite was a soldier \nin the Mexican war under Col. Eastman. He is a member of the \nBaptist church at New Providence. He takes a great interest in \neducation, and has been an active agent in building up one of the \nfinest district schools in the county. \n\nWILLIAM WINGO. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in South Carolina, May 16th, \n1822. He is the son of Thomas Wingo, born in Virginia, but raised \nin South Carolina. William, the father of Thomas Wingo, was a \nsoldier of the revolution. The family are of Dutch ancestry. Mr. \nWingo came to Missouri with his father in 1835, being then in his \nthirteenth year. They settled in Boone county on the place now \noccupied by William. The elder Wingo was a member of the \nregular Baptist church. William Wingo was married to Miss \nClarence D. Kelly, daughter of James Kelly. By this marriage they \nhad three children, one son and two daughters. Mrs. Wingo djnng \nin 1857, he married Miss Caroline Corlew, daughter of John Corlew. \nThey had no children by this marriage. During the war Mr. Wingo \nspent eight months in the Confederate service. He is a farmer, but \n\n\n\n1104 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nill early life taught school. His children are all married and settled \nin life, leaving him and his wife alone in the old home. His daughter, \nDavid Ella, married Marion M. Rowland. They had two children by \nthis marriage. Mr. Rowhiiid having died, she married Albert "Wells, \nof Montana. They have by this marriage three children. James T. \nWingo married Malinda Winn. They have four children. Henrietta \nmarried James D. Fay, now of Columbia. They have four children. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXII. \n\nEOCIOr FORK TOWNSHIP. \n\nPosition and Description \xe2\x80\x94 Early History, first Settlers, etc. \xe2\x80\x94 Miscellaneous \xe2\x80\x94 Incidents \nof the Civil War \xe2\x80\x94 The Fight at Mt. Zion and near Hallsville \xe2\x80\x94 Capture and Escape of \nJohn Roberts \xe2\x80\x94 Capture of Maj. Evans\'s Shotguns \xe2\x80\x94 Lt. Hopkins\'s Fight with Bush- \nwhackers \xe2\x80\x94 Fatal Attempt to Arrest John West, a Noted Bushwhacker \xe2\x80\x94 Noted Trage- \ndies \xe2\x80\x94 Killing of Peter Evans by Dr. Keene \xe2\x80\x94 Killing of Dr. Keene by Dr. Austin \xe2\x80\x94 \nChurches of Kocky Fork Township : Red Top, Pleasant Grove, Friendship, Gilead, Mt. \nZion, Hickory Grove \xe2\x80\x94 Hallsville \xe2\x80\x94 Masonic Lodge \xe2\x80\x94 Lebanon \xe2\x80\x94 Biographies of Old \nSettlers and Prominent Citizens of Rocky Fork Township. \n\nPOSITION AND DESCRIPTION. \n\nThe boundaries of Kocky Fork township are as follows : Beginning \nat the northeast corner of section two, township fifty, range eleven, \nthence south along the section line to the southeast corner of section \nthirty-five, same township and range ; thence east to the middle of \nCedar creek ; thence down said creek until where the section line be- \ntween sections three and ten, township forty-nine, range eleven, crosses ; \nthence west to the southwest corner of section one, township forty- \nnine, range thirteen ; thence north to the northwest corner of section \none, township fiftv, range thirteen ; thence east to the place of begin- \nning. Formerly the township was the extreme northeast township of \nthe county. When first laid out, in May, 1821, its northern boundary \nwas the same as that of the county. The creation of Bourbon town- \nship reduced it to its present size and position. \n\nKocky Fork contains a great deal of broken and rolling country, \nand much unproductive soil ; but it also has within its borders some \nfarms as fine and fertile as any in the county. There are much very \nTaluable timber and stone. The Cedar, the Hinkson, Silver Fork and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1105 \n\nthe Rocky Fork of Perche (from which stream the township was \nnamed) supply plenty of water. There is an abundance of coal in the \nsouthern part of the township. \n\nEARLY HISTORY. \n\nAn unauthenticated storj^ is current to the eifect that as far back as in \n1815 an old abandoned cabin was seen in the southwestern part of this \ntownship by those early pioneers w^ho visited the country at that day. \nNo one knew who had built this cabin ; but one theory was that the \nFrench explorers had put it up, perhaps in 1775. A few persons, \nfond of wild conjectures, and not well informed in the premises, be- \nlieved it to have been at one time the^home or rendezvous of John A. \nMurrell, the great Western land pirate, notwithstanding the fact that \nit is uncertain that Murrell was ever in Missouri. \n\nIn 1816 there came to w^hat is now Eocky Fork towhship Willis, \nAbsalom, John and William Winn, and settled in township fifty, range \ntwelve. William, John and Charles Winn still live in the same neigh- \nborhood. The Winns were from Kentucky. Eph. and Hibert Brink \ncame from Madison county, Ky., and settled in Boone county in 1815. \nEphraim Brink settled on the farm now owned by J. G. Roberts, on \nsection fifteen, township fiftj^, range twelve, east of Red Top church ; \nHibert located near where old Middletown stood ; Hibert was a \nblacksmith and farmer ; he now lives in Sturgeon, past eighty years of \nage. \n\nThos. McBride, Sr., came from Madison county, Kentucky, to this \ncounty in 1816. He had three sons, who had nearly attained manhood \nwhen they came to the new country. They were named Jacob, James and \nThomas, Old Thomas McBride was the first preacher in Rocky Fork, \nand was an earnest, zealous one, whose text-book was the Bible alone. \nOf his sons Jacob was a farmer and a justice of the peace for many \nyears; James was a physician; Thomas, Jr., was a school teacher. \nAltogether the McBrides were men of more than average learning and \nability. The father and James and Thomas removed to Oregon in an \nearly day, and there the old gentleman lived to see one of his grand- \nsons governor of the State and a congressman. Jacob McBride died \nin this township, and the family resides in the county, except one \nmember, a daughter, who removed to Oregon. \n\nSamuel Caldwell came to the township with the McBrides and mar- \nried a daughter of Thomas, "Sr. Caldwell served as constable of the \ntownship for fifteen years. He settled on section nine, township fifty, \n70 \n\n\n\n1106 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nrange twelve, where John Philips noAV resides, and died in 1881, at an> \nadvanced age. \n\nNathan Roberts came to the township in 1816, settling on the farm \nnear Red Top church. He gave the land to the church and cemetery. \nMr. Roberts had first settled in Madison county, Kentucky, on a \ntract of land which afterwards proved to belong to Green Clay. After \nlosing his farm in Kentucky he came to Howard county, Missouri, and \nlocated near where Ashland church now is, on what afterwards was \nfound to be a New Madrid claim. He again gave up his homestead \nand crossed over. to Boone, where he located on the well-known farm \nnear Red Top. Here he was permitted\' to rest in peace, there being \nno prior titles to the land to disquiet him. Mr. Roberts\'s family con- \nsisted of five sons and three daughters. The sons were Thomas, John, \nRichard T., James and David B., all of whom settled in the neighbor- \nhood. Thos. Roberts died in a few years after the last settlement \nand was the first white person buried in Red Top churchyard. He \nleft a widow and one danghter ; the latter became the wife of A.M. \nRoberts. The other sons were farmers. Richard married the widow \nof Thomas. He was a minister of the gospel, and has done much \ngood in the community, both by precept and example. James and \nDavid are still living and have families. Wm. Roberts, a brother of \nNathan, came to Missouri about the same time. He was a preacher. \nHe brought up a large faniily of sons and daughters and lived to be an \nold man, dying amidst troops of friends. \n\nSoon after the first Roberts settlement, there came from the same \npart of Kentucky (Madison county) William M., John M., Larry and \nLouis Roberts. All of these lived to be aged men except Larry. He \nlived near the present site of Harrisburg, in Perche township. These \nmen raised large families, whose descendants are scattered over the \nUnited States. \n\nW. Houston came from Kentucky in 1818, and settled on the farm \nnow owned by A. B. Haggard. He was a hatter, and also an excel- \nlent Christian citizen. He is the father of Cicero Houston, of this \ntownship. Elder James Williams, Sr., came to the township from \nKentucky in 1817, and settled and lived here tmtil his death, in 1863. \nHe was a preacher and a leading worker in the Christian church. \n\nOld Zadok Riggs had three sons, viz.: Zadok, Silas, and Samuel \nRiggs, who came to Rocky Fork from Kentucky in 1816, living to be \nold men. Silas Riggs was a justice of the peace for twenty years, and \none of the most prominent citizens of the county. He was the father \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1107 \n\nof James Eiggs, of Randolph county. Samuel Riggs was bitten by a \nrabid wolf while sleeping in a cave on Perche creek, in 1817. He im- \nmediately returned to Kentucky for a madstone, which he applied \nwith success, and which he brought back with him to Missouri. \nJoseph Fretwell now has this madstone. \n\nAbsalom Hicks emigrated from Kentucky to this township in 1816, \nand settled on the farm where Mrs. O. Reed now lives, near Middle- \ntown. He was the father of Mattison, Willis, and Young E. Hicks. \nThe latter was a noted Santa Fe trader, and freighted many a train \nacross the plains to New Mexico, loaded with dry goods and other \nmerchandise. He was for a time in partnership with Amos Marney, \nanother of the first settlers of the township. Young Hicks was the \nfather of Hon. Absalom Hicks, who represented this county in the \nLegislature in 1852. Mattison was a justice of the peace for many \nyears. Upon the breaking out of the civil war he became " disloyal," \nand died while a Federal prisoner at St. Louis. \n\nJoseph Brown, father of the Joe Brown, of near Brown\'s Station, \ncame to the township in 1817, and settled the farm where Mrs. G. \nRobinson now lives. \n\nJames Turner came from Kentucky in 1817, and located on a farm \nnear Hallsville. He brought up a large family. His sons were Jesse, \nTom and Enoch. Thomas Turner was the father of Mordecai, who \nlives east of Hallsville. \n\nIsaac Davis came from Christian county, Kentucky, to this part of \nMissouri in 1818, and settled two miles east of Hallsville. His sons \nwere James, Henry, Isaac, Benjamin, John and Joseph. One of \nIsaac\'s sons, Joseph, now lives on the old Davis homestead, \n\nHugh French removed from Tennessee to Boone county in 1820, \nsettling in Rocky Fork township, on the farm now owned by his sou \nJohn. He was also the father of S. L. French and Mrs. Armstrono-\xc2\xbb \nand grandfather of Hugh H. Hall, the present deputy county clerk. \nMr. French died in the year 1845, full of years and honors, and a \nprominent member of the Christian church. \n\nNathan Terry came to the township from Kentucky in 1818. \nPeter Stice came in about the same time and settled on the farm \nwhere John C. Eubanks now resides. In 1823 Stice sold out to Am- \nbrose Hulen, who lived on the farm till his death, raising, a lar^e \nfamily. He was a prominent member of the Christian church at Red \nTop, and a well-known citizen. Mr. Hulen was a soldier in the war \nof 1812, and was at Dudley\'s defeat on the River Raisin, in Michigan,. \n\n\n\n1108 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nwhere he was taken prisoner by the Indian allies of the British. He \nwas redeemed from the Indians by a kind friend, who traded a pony \nfor him. \n\nOne of the first settlers of this township was Rev. Elias Newman. \nHe was a Baptist minister. Sometimes he was connected with the \norganization of Mt. Tabor church, near where Mt. Zion now is. \nRev. Newman had three sons, James, Elias W. and Thomas. The \nlatter was murdered during the civil war, while lying sick at the house \nof his father-in-law, a Mr. Price. It is reported that the killing was \ndone by a Federal command from Mexico, under Maj. Mitchen (or \nMitchell), and that the killing was simply an atrocity. It is said that \nMitchell was not a " rebel," but a peaceable, inoffensive citizen. The \nmilitia came to the house and surrounded it, and, as reported, some \nof them went in and shot Mr. Newman until he was dead, while his \nwife and family were begging for his life. \n\nIn the neighborhood of Hickory Grove, among the first settlers \nwere B. A. Younger, who was a Methodist minister and a school \nteacher, and Charles Helms, who came from Kentuck}^ in an early \nday. He had been a soldier of the war of 1812, and had endured \nmany privations while in the service. He had been taken prisoner by \nthe Indians, with all that such experience implied at that day, and it \nimplied a great deal of suffering and torture then, as now. Mr. Helms \nhad a remarkable memory, and could repeat many chapters of the \nBible by rote. He was a member of the Christian church and belonged \nto the Masonic order His death occurred but a few years since. He \nprepared his own funeral sermon, and composed the hymn which was \nsung at his grave. He also prepared the coffin in which he was \nburied, and procured his own tombstones. \n\nOther early settlers were J. D. Bratton, Dr. Points, Allen Ronse, \nAlfred Rouse, Mr. Carter, Wm. Thornton, Roily and Calvin Asbury \nand Abraham Waldon. Barney Dickerson was here as early as 1817. \nHe lived on a farm east of Hallsville, He is still living, but is old \n\niind blind. A man named kept a store on the farm where \n\nMrs. Rutledge now lives. Wm. Durin came from Kentucky in 1820 \nand settled east of Hallsville ; he died but a few years ago. Reuben \nPollard, also a Kentuckian, came in 1820. \n\nDoctors McMillan and James McBride were the first practicing phy- \nsicians in the township. \n\nIt is stated that the first brick house in Rocky Fork was built by \n\nElijah Winn. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. ^ 1109 \n\nMISCELLANEOUS. \n\nAbout twenty years since Mr. Wm. Watts was accidently shot and \nkilled. The incident happened in the eastern part of this township. \nHe and another man named Watkins were herding cattle, and while \nthe two were carelessly handling a gun it was accidentally discharged \nand Watts was killed. \n\nEobert Rowland, a child four or five years old, was drowned before \nthe war, by falling into a well. Wm. Rowland was killed at Centralia \nat the time of the massacre. (See account.) \n\nMrs. Conley, a widow lady, about fifty years of age, committed sui- \ncide in June, 1882. She had been sick for some time, and her mind \nhad become much impaired. While the other members of the family \nwere outside of the house she went to the smoke-house and hung her- \nself. \n\nNote. \xe2\x80\x94 In order to get this book within a reasonable compass\' as to size, many unim- \nportant incidents in the history of this township have been omitted. \xe2\x80\x94 Publishers. \n\nINCIDENTS OF THE CIVIL WAR. \n\nThe skirmish near Hallsville, and the battle at Mt. Zion church, in \nthe latter part of December, 1861, are fully described in the general \nhistory. The incident of the killing of a Federal soldier by the bush- \nwhackers, the soldier having been taken from a stage coach, is also \nnarrated elsewhere. \n\nCAPTURE AND ESCAPE OF JOHN ROBERTS. \n\nDuring the war John Roberts, a Confederate, was taken prisoner by \na detachment of Merrill\'s Horse. When he and his captors were near \nMr. Jennings\'s residence, Roberts attempted to escape. The Fed- \nerals fired upon him and brought him down and left him on the \nground for dead. He recovered sufficiently to be able to make his \nway to the house of Mr. Jennings, where he was cared for until he \nwas able to make his way to his own home. Mr. Roberts now lives \nin Texas. \n\nCAPTURE OF MA J. FRANK EVANS \'s SHOT-GUNS BY BUSHWHACKERS. \n\nAbout the 20th of June, 1864, an escort sent out from Columbia, \nconsisting of Maj. Frank D. Evans, of the Sixty-first E. M. M., and \nfive men of Company A, Ninth M. S. M., were returning from Cen- \ntralia in charge of fifty double-barrelled shot-guns and a quantity of \n\n\n\n1110 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nammunition, intended to be placed in the hands of the citizens of Co- \nlumbia for the purpose of defending the town in any emei\'gency of \ndanger. The guns and ammunition were in a wagon, a negro driving. \nAbout one-fourth of a mile south of the house of John Lampton, \nbetween the mouth of a lane and a small pond, the escort was fired \ninto by a party of bushwhackers concealed in the bushes. A soldier \nnamed George Conrad was struck by a ball in the right side, which \npassed into his lungs, causing him to fall from his horse. A second \none, named Bird Adams, was struck by two buckshot in the lower \npart of the back, the shot passing internally. A third one was thrown \nfrom his horse, but managed to make his escape, with no other dam- \niio-e than a few bullet holes throuo\'h his clothes. Three horses were \nseverelj\'^ wounded, two of which were abandoned. The wagon was \nnow hurried forward as fast as the horses could carr}^ it, Maj. Evans \nand the two remaining soldiers following in its rear. Five or six \nbushwhackers pursued, and a running fire was kept up between the \nparties, which, however, did no damage to either. After proceeding \nabout three miles, the horses attached to the wagon gave out, and the \nescort was compelled to abandon it and come on to Columbia, the \ndriver takincr to the brush. \n\nThe wagon and horses, guns and ammunition, all fell into the hands \nof the bushwhackers. The}^ carried the wagon a short distance back, \nand burned it, together with fourteen of the guns. They retained the \nhorses. Both horses and wagon belonged to Judge Vanhorn, of Co- \nlumbia. After leaving the wagon, the escort came on to Columbia. \nThere were too few soldiers there to make any attempt at \npursuit. The alfair occasioned considerable excitement. \n\nThe wounded soldiers eventually recovered. Conrad, after falling \nfrom his horse, eluded the bushwhackers and reached the house of \nMr. Spence, some three miles distant, and was brought in in a car- \nriage. Harris, though more severely wounded, rode the whole dis- \ntance in with the escort. \n\nSKIRMISH WITH BUSHWHACKERS. \n\nSeptember 7, 1864, a Federal scout from Columbia, under Lieut. \nS. W. Hopkins, of Company F, Third M. S. M., came upon about a \ndozen bushwhackers in the timber, in the southwestern part of the \ntownship, about eight miles north of Columbia, and a brisk little \nskirmish ensued. The bushwhackers were soon routed. The Feder- \nals captured four horses, some shot guns, and some clothing. Two \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \' 1111 \n\nliusliwbackers ;iiid one Federal were wounded. The bushwhackers \nwere supposed to have been commanded by Jim (or Tom) Carter. \n\nATTEMPT TO ARREST JOHN WEST BY SHERIFF BAKER LIEUT. WILLIAM \n\n\xe2\x96\xa0 m\'CLINTOCK shot WEST ESCAPES. \n\nIndictments for murder having been found by the grand jury of \nAudrain county against John West, a notorious desperado and bush- \nwhacker, an attempt was made by John F. Baker, sheriff of Boone \ncounty, and a posse of four men, to arrest him at James Chiles\'s, his \nfather-in-law, eight miles north of Columbia, about the 1st of Octo- \nber, 1865. The sheriff \'s posse consisted of Lieut. Wm. McClintock, \nof Mexico, James A. Rogers, James Shanks and Henry Bryan. They \narrived at Chiles\'s after bed-time, dismounted, disposed of themselves \nvery judiciously to effect the arrest, the sheriff being the first to ap- \nproach the house. To omit details \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. Baker aroused tlie occu- \npants, became certain that West was there, when Lieut. McClintock \nand others came to the house, whereupon West with a shot gun, \nthrough a crack in the wall, shot Lieut. McClintock in the abdomen, \nvery badly wounding him. From another " port hole" on the other \nside of the house, another shot was discharged, inflicting a slight \nwound in the pantaloons of Mr. Bryan. The dangerous wound in- \nflicted on Lieut. McClintock and the confusion which ensued afforded \nWest an opportunity to escape, and he was soon at large. \n\nNOTED TRAGEDIES KILLING OF PETER EVANS BY DR. KEENE, AND \n\nKILLING OF DR. KEENE BY DR. AUSTIN. \n\nLi December, 1869, Dr. Thos. H. Keene, a practicing physician of \nHalls ville, shot and killed one Peter Evans. The affair was the cul- \nmination of a bitter feud between the parties, and there were two \nopinions as to the justification of the killing. The cause and origin \nof the trouble need not be stated in this history. Evans was killed in \nHallsville. Dr. Keene was arrested and tried on preliminary examina- \ntion before Justices R. J. Smith and Lewis G. Berry, the trial lasting \neight days, when he was held to bail in the sum of $8,000, for his \nappearance at the March term of the circuit court, 1870. \n\nAt that term, and on kn indictment for murder in the first degree, \nDr. Keene was found guilty of a lesser offence and sentenced to six- \nteen years\' imprisonment in the penitentiary. His counsel appealed \nhis case to the district court and he was released on $15,000 bail. \nWhile the case was pending in the district court, the court was abol- \n\n\n\n1112 \' HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nished by an amendment to the constitution adopted by a vote of the \npeople. Proper steps not having been taken, after the abolition of \nthe district court, to get his case into the supreme court, on Wednes- \nday, February 21, 1872, Keene was arrested on a warrant issued by \nthe Boone circuit court, and the Friday following the verdict of the \njury was confirmed, and on Wednesday, February 28, 1872, he was \nsent to the penitentiary. At the July term, 1872, of the supreme \ncourt his case was remanded to the Boone circuit court for a trial de \nnovo, and on Monday, August 19, 1872, Keene was taken out of the \npenitentiary, and admitted to bail in the sum of $6,000, to appear at \nthe next succeeding term of the circuit court. At the October term,. \n1872 ; also at the February, June and October terms, 1873, the case \nwas continued by the defendant; and at the February term, 1874, a \nchange of venue was granted to Pike county, where, in September,, \n1875, he was tried and acquitted. \n\nAuo-ust 29, 1876, Dr. Keene was shot and killed by Dr. Benjamin \nAustin, in front of his (Dr. K.\'s) stable, in Hallsville, and near \nwhere he had killed Peter Evans, seven years before. For some time \npreviously the personal and professional relations of Drs. Keene and \nAustin had been of a very unfriendly character, to an extent that pre- \ncluded all personal intercourse between them. A few days before the \ntragedy there was received at Hallsville, through the mails, and at \nother places in the county, an anonymous publication, in circular \nletter form, very scandalous in its character, and very defamatory and \nabusive of Dr. Austin, both as a citizen and physician. No name was \nattached to the circular, though it was scarcely doubted that Dr. \nKeene was not only the author of it, but that he had it printed \xe2\x80\x94 \nwhere, it is not known. This publication was thought to have been \nthe immediate cause of the fatal- encounter. The killing was done by \nDr. Austin with a double-barrelled shot gun, about fifteen buckshot \ntaking effect in Keene\'s face and head and killing him instantly. \nAfter the death of Keene, a young man by the name of Baker Batter- \nton, a son of Mr. Samuel Batterton, and who was living with Keene, \ncame out of the stable, ran to where Keene was lying, got his pistol,, \nand commenced firing at Austin and at Mr. J. O. Pierce, a son-in-law \nof Mr. R. P. Waters, and a clerk in Jones\'s store. Neither shot took \nefffect. The firing having ceased and the train for Columbia being \nabout due, Dr. Austin left for Hickman station, about a half mile \ndistant, got on the train, came to Columbia, and surrendered himself \nto the officers of the law. He underwent a preliminary examination \n\n\n\nHISTOKY OF BOONE COUNTY. 11 IS \n\nbefore Esq. T. B. Gentry, and was by that magistrate discharged. \xe2\x80\xa2 \nEsq. Gentry said : \xe2\x80\x94 \n\nI find the case to be one of justifiable homicide. The dangerous and desperate character \nof the deceased, as proven, his known habit of going armed, his threats to take the life of \nAustin, his declaring that he would kill him even if he had to do it in ambush; and these \nthings all being known to Austin \xe2\x80\x94 the threats having been communicated to him \xe2\x80\x94 living \nin the same neighborhood and liable to meet Austin at any time, I think gave him reason- \nable cause to apprehend a design on the part of Keene to do him some great bodily harm; \nand gave him reasonable cause to apprehend immediate and constant danger of such design \nbeing accomplished. The killing under such circumstances, even though Austin sought and \nadvanced upon Keene, was done in the lawful defence of Austin\'s person. \n\nDr. Keene was a man of remarkable person, and experienced an \neventful and remarkable career. With prominent features, a nose \nvery long and quite thin, and thick, sandy-colored beard, that floated \nfrom his face and chin like a banner, he attracted attention wherever \nseen. He was born in Boone county in 1831. He was a man of un- \ncontrollable feelings and prejudices ; had many implacable enemies \nand strong friends, and was often involved in serious criminations and \ntroubles. Dr. Benj. Austin has lived in Boone since 1860, having \ncome to this county from Bath county, Kentucky, where he was born. \n\nCHURCHES OF ROCKY FORK TOWNSHIP RED TOP (CHRISTIAN). \n\nThe Christian church at Ked Top is one of the oldest churches in \nthis part of Missouri. The germ or parent organization was founded \nOctobers, 1822, with the following members: Elders \xe2\x80\x94 Wm. Rob- \nerts, Thos. W. McBride and Richard Cave. Deacons \xe2\x80\x94 Nathan \nRoberts and Isaac Davis. Members \xe2\x80\x94 Peter Stice, Richard Wainscott, \nRichmond T. Roberts, James Roberts, Priscilla Roberts, Sally Davis, \nNancy Wainscott, Charlotte Caldwell, Charlotte Stice, Mary Turner. \nThis organization was before the formation of the Christian or Disci- \nples church. The members took for a guide and were ruled by the \nBible, and by the Bible alone. They subscribed to no creed or con- \nfession of faith. They recognized the elders of the church as pastors, \nand to them all questions of difference were referred. Afterwards the \norganization was merged into tiie Christian church. \n\nThe first church building used by this congregation was a log house, \nbuilt in 1822. The present house of worship was built in 1867, at a \ncost of about $3,200. It is a frame, and stands on section 15, town- \nship 50, range 12. John O. White did the first preaching therein. \n\nThe pastors of the church have been Thos. McBride, Richmond T.. \nRoberts, Joel Hayden, Richard Cave, Thos. M. Allen, M. Wills, Wm. \nWhite, Thomas Thompson, Elder Davis, Elijah Chrisman, John T^ \n\n\n\n1114 HISTOEY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nMcCune, T. J. Marlow, M. M. Davis, Joel A. Heddington, and others. \nThe present preachers are L. L. Norton and Elijah Chrisman. The \nnumber of members is very large \xe2\x80\x94 330. \n\nPLEASANT GROVE \xe2\x80\x94 ^MISSIONARY BAPTIST. \n\nThis church was constituted April 18, 1853, by Elder Wm. Thomp- \nson. The first members were Wm. James, Margaret James, Isabella \nP. James, Wm. K. Sturgeon, Margaret Sturgeon, James M. Wilhite, \nSarah W. Wilhite, Pleasant Bush, Edward Silver, George W. Silver, \nThos. J. Jennings. TIi,e present church building was erected in 1855, \nthe members performing nearly all the necessary work. It is a frame, \nand stands on the southwest quarter of the northwest quarter of sec- \ntion 3, township 50, range 11. It was dedicated iu 1855 by Eev. W. \nR. Wigginton. The pastors of the church have been Wm. Thomp- \nson, W. R. Wigginton, Pleasant Gentry, James Jackson, J. M. \nMcGuire \xe2\x80\x94 the latter the present pastor. The clerk is M. A. Silver; \ndeacons, Geo. W. Silver, Shelton Quisenberry and E,. P. Waters. \nPresent number of members, about 85. \n\nFRIENDSHIP CHURCH (CHRISTIAN). \n\nAn old organization of this church was effected in 1837, one mile \nsouth of the present church building, with nine members, all of whom \nare now dead but one \xe2\x80\x94 Mrs. Sophia Hoffman. It was disorganized \nin 1876, the members going into other organizations. The present \nchurch was formed in 1878. The original members were John W. \nRidgeway, wife and daughter ; W. Hulett, wife and two daughters ; \nWm. Pigg, wife and son; James Noe and wife; Wm. Goslin and \nwife ; Maria Turner and son ; Cyrus Turner and wife ; James A. Ste- \nvenson, wife and son ; Harrison Cros white and wife ; Edmond Brat- \nton and wife ; Marcus Palmer, wife, son and daughter ; John Williams \nand wife ; John S. Hoffman and Mary Crump. Elder Wm. Mason \nhad charge of the work of organization. The church building was \nerected in 1878, at a cost of |950. It is a frame, and stands on the \nsouthwest quarter of section 20, township 50, range 12, on a portion \nof what is known as the Bratton farm. The first sermon preached in \nit was by Joel Heddington, in October, 1878. Among the pastors \nhave been Elders Mason, Heddington, Cave, Burton, Roselle,Burnam, \nand Elijah Chrisman. The latter preaches once a month, although he \nis seventy-nine years of age. The present membership is 83. James \nA. Stevenson, John W. Ridgeway and Josiah Jones are the elders, and \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1115 \n\nWillis Robinson and Cyrus Turner are the deacons. The congregation \nmeets for worship every Lord\'s day. \n\naiLEAD (regular BAPTIST ) CHURCH. \n\nIt is located on the southwest quarter of section 12, township 50^ \nrange 12, in Rocky Fork township. Rev. James T. Barnes organized \nthe church in 1832, and became its first pastor. The first members \nof this flock were Thomas Turner and wife, Taylor Hulen and wife, \nJohn Davenport and wife, James Williams and wife, Macon Purcell \nand wife, Thomas Owens and wife, Thomas Croswhite and wife, James \nCros white and wife, and Elias Newman and wife. The first church \nedifice was a log structure, erected in 1832, and served the purpose of \na meeting-house for the congregation for several years, having been \nbuilt at the. economic cost of $125. The present building was put up \nin 1876 at a cost of $1,200, and is a neat frame structure. It w^as \ndedicated the same year by Elder John Burnam. The following gen- \ntlemen have served the church as pastors since it was *organized : Jas. \nBarnes, Thomas P. Stephens, Allen McGuire, Benjamin Jenkins, Peter \nKemper, John Burnam, Edward Burnam, Ben. Owens, James Atkin- \nson, Berry Wren and W. H. Powell, the present pastor. The present \nmembership is about forty souls. \n\nAn incident connected with the labors of " Uncle Jimmy " Barnes, \nin this township, will bear relating. At an early day he was baptizing \na number of converts in Bear creek. There was a large crowd present \nto witness the ceremony. A number of young men crawled out on the \nlimb of a sycamore tree that overhung the water, to get a good view \nof the proceedings. Suddenly the limb broke, and all of them were \nprecipitated into the water and involuntarily immersed. The accident \nwas laughable, even if the occasion was a serious one. \n\nMT. ZION CHURCH \xe2\x80\x94 M. E. SOUTH. \n\nThis church is located on the south half of section 32, township 50, \nrange 11. The first organization was in 1843, and some of the \noriginal members were John Reed, Sr., John Reed, Jr., Prudence \nReed, Joseph Points, S. C. Points, Wilson Grady, M. A. Grady, R. \nA, Younger, Edith Younger, Thos. Karnes, Betsy Karnes, and A. J. \nYounger. The first church building, a frame, was built in 1848, and \nstood until it was burned by a detachment of the Third Iowa cavalry, \nunder a Lieutenant Hartman, September 22, 1863. The same \nsoldiers also burned, at the same visit, a number of dwelling houses \n\n\n\n1116 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nin the neighborhood. Lieut. Hartman said that the reason he \nburned the church Avas because it had ceased to be a church and had \nbecome a "bushwhackers\' nest." Another account, said to have \nbeen furnished by D. M. Finley, who claims to have been a sergeant \nof the Tenth Missouri State Militia, is to the effect that that regiment \nburned the church, but the reports of the adjutant-general of the \nState do not show that such a regiment ever existed. It was at this \nchurch where the battle between Gen. Prentiss\'s Federals and Col. \nDorsey\'s Confederates took place, December 28, 1861, a full account \nof which engagement is to be found on other pages of this history. \nThe present church was built in 1867 at a cost of $2,000, and dedi- \ncated by Kev. J. D. Vincil, in 1872. The first church was dedicated \nby A. Monroe, in 1848. The pastors of Mt. Zion church have been \nAnthony Scares, P. M. Pinkard, W. Toole, Wm. Sexton, Jesse Fau- \nbion, John F. Young, Preston Phillips, George Smith, Geo. Sexton, \nWm. Sutton, Thos. DeMoss, Joseph Metcalf, Hiram Groves, D, H. \nRoot, F. A. Savage, Wm. Rich, Walter Toole, and Robert White. \nThe present membership is large for a country church, numbering 256. \nAll of the original members of Mt. Zion are gone, except the follow- \ning : John Reed (from whom much of this information has been \nobtained), S. C. Points, M. A. Grady and A. F. Younger and wife. \n\nHICKORY GROVB CHURCH. \n\nThe Hickory Grove Christian church is located on the north side of \nthe northwest quarter of section 2, township 49, range 11, just across \nthe Callaway line, though its membership is sufficiently large from \nBoone county to warrant its being mentioned in this work. It was \norganized in 1856, and the first members were John E. Chappell, \nDaniel Mourning, John Gay, Sr., John D. Gay, Margaret Chrisman, \nCurtis P. Gay, Catherine E. Gay, Parlee Chappell, John D. Bratton, \nSr., Elijah E. Chrisman, Jane A. Chrisman, Laura F. Chrisman, \nMary J. Gay, Ida Bratton, and Nancy Riggs. \n\nThe church building, a frame, was erected in 1857, at a cost of \nabout $1,000. The first preacher was Rev. Elijah E. Chrisman, \nwho was followed in turn by Thomas G. Marlow, E. C. Gill and \nE. B. Cake, the latter being the present pastor. The membership \nnow numbers about twenty-five. \n\nHALLSVILLE. \n\nThis town was named for Hon. John W. Hall, who kept a post- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. , 1117 \n\n-office near where the place was afterward laid out. The town was \nnever platted. It was a cross-roads, where a store was built and \na blacksmith shop started, and other houses were added from time to \ntime until it reached its present proportions. The first store was \nkej^t by a man named Leach. When the railroad was built the town \nof Hickman was platted and a depot established half a mile south of \nHallsville, but the new town has persistently refused to grow to this \nday. Hickman is the station where the Hallsville people take and \nleave the cars, \n\nHallsville contains five stores (two dry goods, one hardware, one \ndrug, and one grocery and confectionery store), one harness shop and \ntwo bla-cksmith shops. Pojjulation 65. There is a daily mail from \nthe north and the south. "W. W. Roberts, postmaster. There is no \nchurch or school house in the little village. \n\nMASONIC LODGE HALLSVILLE. \n\nThis lodge, number 336, A. F. and A. M., was instituted by W. \nW. Garth, of Columbia, the date of dispensation being October 11, \n1877, and the charter bearing date of October 17, 1878. The charter \nmei^bers were W. F. Eoberts, Enoch Hulen, W. T. Summers, John \nW. Parish, R. P. Roberts, T. T. S. Kemper, Thomas Barnes, Josiah \nHall and W. W. Roberts. The first officers upon the organization of \nthe lodge were Wm. F. Roberts, W. M. ; Enoch Hulen, S. W. ; \nW. T. Summers, J. W. ; John W. Parish, treasurer ; W. W. Rob- \nerts, secretary; T. T. S. Kemper, S. D. ; Josiah Hall, J. D., and \nR. P. Roberts, tyler. The present officials are J. T. Henry, W. \nM. ; R. P. Roberts, S. W. ; W. H. Brink, J. W. ; John A. Elkin, \ntreasurer; Josiah Hall, secretary; W.F.Roberts, chaplain; R. F. \nHulett, S. D. ; Thomas Hulett, J. D. ; Isaac L. McCaslin, tyler ; J \nW. Horner and W. W. Roberts, stewards. None of these are as yet \ngrand lodge officers. The membership at this time numbers about \nforty. The hall is a frame structure, built jointly by the Masons and \nGrangers, at a cost of about $500, each of these orders owning a one- \nhalf interest. It was commenced in 1876, and completed 1877. The \nlodge is in good working order, and peace and harmony prevail. \n\nLEBANON. \n\nThe town of Lebanon was laid out on the southwest quarter of \nsection 36, township 50, range 11, about 1836, by John W. McBride. \nHe was the first post-master. There was a blacksmith shop and a \n\n\n\n1118 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfamily grocery in the place. The first lot sold in the town was bought \nby a man named Hewlett. He paid $30 for it. He built a house on \nthe lot and afterwards sold out to John M. McGee. There is no \nstore or post-ofSce kept there now, and the town is extinct. \n\n\n\nBIOGRAPHIES. \xe2\x80\xa2 \n\nELDER JAMES BARNES. \n\nOf the many brave, generous, self-sacrificing ministers who came \nat an early day to the frontier wilderness of Missouri, bruiging the _ \nglad tidings of salvation to sinful men, none were more loved and \nrespected than Elder James Barnes, who was first in the presence \nand first in the hearts of the primitive settlers of Boone county. His \nwas a three-fold mission. He was a soldier of the cross, a soldier of \nwar and a teacher. He was neither learned nor brilliant, but for the \nao-e in which he lived, and the field in which he toiled, he was well- \nfitted. The fruits of his labor survive him, and will remain through \nuntold ages yet to come. \n\nElder Barnes was born in Madison county, Kentucky, September \n18, 1788. He made ^ profession of religion when but fifteen years \nold, and was baptized and admitted a member of the Yates Creek church, \nthe denomination being that of the Old School, or Ee^ular Baptist. \nIn the year 1800 Elder Barnes emigrated to Missouri, making Fort \nHempstead the objective point of his journey. In this fort, which \nwas situated in Howard county, he was afterwards married. He \nproved a useful member of the little band gathered for mutual protec- \ntion, within the four walls of this rude stockade. When assailed he \ntook his rifle and helped defend the fort. When the storm of battle \nwas over, and the yell of the merciless savage no longer called the \nvigilant pioneers to the ramparts or the port-holes. Elder Barnes \nturned his attention to other, and more congenial, tasks. He preached \nand prayed with all the fervor of his ardent. God-fearing nature, for \nthe salvation of those whom a special providence seemed to have \nplaced within reach of his warning voice. Another duty he found \nboth leisure and opportunity for, and he discharged it faithfully. \nHe became their temporal as well as spiritual teacher. His pupils \nwere eager to acquire the rudiments of education, and thankful for \nthis their first and, perhaps, only opportunity of learning to read. \n\nThe fertile valley of the Missouri soon attracted sufficient popula- \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1119 \n\ntion to defendit against all threatened danger, and the forts, once the \npride and hope of the pioneer, must henceforth remain only as so \nmany relics of other and darker days. When once assured of safety, \nthe pioneers left the forts and betook themselves to the choice lands \nof the surrounding country. Elder Barnes came to Boone county and \nwas soon identified^ with all the best interests of the people, who \nshowed their appreciation and gratitude by making him their sherijff. \nWhen the country became more densely populated and he found that \n-^le could well be spared from the temporal walks of life, he devoted \nall his time, thought and energy to his real calling, that of preaching \nthe gospel. Being a man of much physical strength he was equal to \nall the hardships and trials incident to his ministerial labors, and \nnever under the most trying circumstances did he falter or com- \nplain. He travelled a great deal, but always found a hearty \nwelcome whenever he crossed the humble threshold of the pio- \nneer, be he Christian or infidel. Baptist or Methodist. They all knew \nand loved " Uncle Jimmy Barnes," and his " God bless you ! " when \nonce heard was seldom forgotten. In his old age he narrowed his \nfield of labor, and for many years seldom went beyond the limits of \nRocky Fork, Perche and Bourbon townships. He organized many \nchurches in an early day, old Gilead, in Rocky Fork township, being \none among the number. While venerable and dignified in bearing, \nhe yet possessed a jovial disposition, and was never so happy as when \npromoting the happiness of others. He lived to have his second eye- \nsight, but was blind when he died. He scarcely knew, from his own \nexperience, what it was to be sick. When death came at last, it was \npainless. Like the orb of day, this noble life went down to us, only \nto rise on other shores. He died February 6, 1875, in the eighty- \nseventh year of his age. \n\nDR. BENNETT H. CLARK, SR. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born in Howard county, Missouri, \nMay 25th, 1825. He is the son of Bennett H. and Susan H. Clark, \nthe latter a daughter of Gen. Stephen Triggs, who came to Missouri \nabout 1815. His parents were natives of Clark county, Kentucky, \nbut were reared in Montgomery county, that State. Dr. Clark was \nraised on the farm, and acquired his education in Howard county, \nbeing placed in the Fayette High School at the age of seventeen, and \nremaining there till he finished his course. He began the study of \nmedicine in Fayette under Dr. Charles R. Scott, in 1846, and read \n\n\n\n1120 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nthere about two years. He then went to the medical college at \nLouisville, Kentucky, and graduated there in 1849. Immediately \non returning to Missouri, he began the practice at Fayette. The next \nyear, however, (1850), he was borne off with the gold excitement, and \nwent to California, where he spent a year. Returning to Missouri in \n1851, he located at Buena Yista, and was there niarried in May, 1852, \nto Miss Elizabeth Winn, daughter of Charles H. and Eliza Winn. \nMrs. Clark was born February 1st, 1837, on the farm where her \nfather still resides. Subsequently she and Dr. C. moved to the farni \nwhere they now reside, at Middletown, in Rocky Fork township, and \nliere the doctor practices medicine and operates the farm conjointly. \nFive out of seven children that were born to Mr. and Mrs. Clark still \nisurvive. One son, Bennett H., Jr., is a graduate of the medical \ndepartment of the University, but is now settled on a farm in Boone \ncounty, as is also his brother. During the civil war. Dr. Clark \nenlisted in the Confederate army, in 1861, in the company commanded \nby Captain Hicks, He was in the battle of Boonville, under Gen. \nMarmaduke. In September, 1861, he was commissioned surgeon of \nthe 6th regiment of infantry, Missouri State Guards, his regiment \nbeing in the third division commanded by his cousin. Gen. John B. \nClark. In 1862 Dr. Clark was put into the regular Confederate \nservice and appointed assistant surgeon, and served for a time under \nGen. Hindman in Arkansas, He was then sent to Gen, Price, in \nMissouri, and in 1864 was appointed regimental surgeon at Richmond, \nVirginia, and remained till the close of the war. He surrendered at \nJacksonport, Arkansas, and returned to his farm, where he has ever \nsince been engaged in the practice of his profession. \n\nFor several years Dr. Clark was postmaster at Middletown, and one \ntime master of the Union Temperance Lodge organized at that place. \nHe has been a Free Mason since 1846, and he and his wife are both \nmembers of the Christian church. The family to which Dr. Clark \nbelongs is one prominently known in this State, Virginia and \nKentucky. The civil and military record of his uncle and cousin. \nGenerals John B. Clark, Sr. and Jr., is sufficiently well-known to \nMissourians to need no comment here. \n\nDr. Clark, though formerly a Whig, is now in the straight Democratic \nharness, and votes no other ticket, nor affiliates with any other party. \n\nRICHARD M. FLYNT. \n\nRichard M. Flynt, though forty-five years of age, is a native of \n\n\n\n. HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1121 \n\nBoone county, and is novv living at the old home where he was born \nand raised. He is the son of Thomas and Susan C. Flynt, the former \na native of North Carolina, and the latter of Virginia. They first \nemigrated to Callaway county, Missouri, in 1833, but remained there \nonly one year, removing in 1834 to Boone county, settling on the farm \nwhere the subject of this sketch novv lives. Thomas Flynt was born \nin Stokes county. North Carolina, in 1794. His father was also \nnamed Thomas. Richard M. bears the name of an uncle who served \non the staff of Gen. Jackson during the war of 1812. Both of his \ngrandfathers served in the American army during the revolutionary \nwar. The subject of this sketch was born June 2d, 1837. He was \none of a family of seven children, two of whom died in childhood. \nThe oldest member of the family now living is the widow of John W. \nLove, who died in the Federal army during the late civil war. The \nother sister is the wife of John D. French. The oldest of the brothers, \nJames W., went to California in 1850, and has never returned. He \nis a bachelor. He is now living in White Pine county, Nevada. \nMartin C. Flynt, the youngest brother, is a native of Audrain county. \nHe was a soldier in Cockrell\'s brigade during the late war, and was \ntwice wounded at the battle of Franklin, Tennessee. Richard M. \nFlynt was with Price in his Missouri campaigns at the beginning of \nthe war. He was married on the 7th day of June, 1860, to Miss Mary \nF., daughter of Mordecai and Arethusa Turner, of Boone county. \nThey have seven children living and one dead. Their names are \nWilmuth Ann, Thomas M., Joseph F., Augusta Jane, William R., \nWarren A., Lena Mabel and an infant yet unnamed. Thomas M. \ndied in infancy. Their children are all living at home. Mr. and Mrs. \nFlynt are members of the Baptist church at Grand View. Mr. Flynt \nis also a member of the Masonic order. His home is situated sixteen \nmiles northeast of Columbia, and four miles southeast of Hallsville, \nwhich is his post-office. Thomas Flynt, the father of the subject of \nthis sketch, died in February, 1858 ; Mrs. Flynt died in the winter of \n.1866. They are both buried at Mt. Zion church, which was built on \nland donated by Mr. Flynt, and the church was named by him. He \nwas a member of the Methodist Church South. Mrs. Flynt Avas a \nmember of the Regular Baptist church.\' \n\nROBERT BRATTON GAY. \n\nRobert Bratton Gay was born in Clark county, Kentucky, Decem- \nber 11th, 1834. His parents, John and Rebecca Gay, were born and \n71 \n\n\n\n1122 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nraised in Kentucky, but emigrated to Missouri in 1837, when the sub- \nject of this sketch was a small boy. They settled on a farm in Rocky \nFork township, the present abode of their son, Robert B. Gay, where \nthey lived and died. Mr. Gay Avas married, in 1861, to Miss Laura \nF, Chrisman, a native of Boone county, born in 1840. She is the \ndaughter of Elijah and Jane A. Chrisman, Kentuckians, who emi- \ngrated to Missouri in an early day. Elder Chrisman was one of the \npioneer preachers of the country, and has established several churches \nin this and Callaway counties. He is still living and preaching to \nsome of the churches he established when he first came to the State. \nHe is seventy-nine years old. Mr. and Mrs. Gay have had four chil- \ndren, two of whom are living. Mr. Gay, his wife and one son are \nmembers of the Christian church at Hickory Grove. They are well- \nto-do, prosperous farmers, living in that independent, joyous content- \nment which seems ever to be the reward of virtuous lives and honest \ntoil. \n\nDAVID NATHANIEL HALL \n\nWas born in Albermarle county, Virginia, Jul}^ 9th, 1831. His parents,. \nJolui W. and Sarah H. Hall, moved to Missouri in 1836, when David \nwas a small boy, bringing him with them. They settled at Hallsville,. \nin Boone county, where the subject of this sketch lived with them till \nhe was nineteen years old. He then went West to the mining dis- \ntricts of California, and was absent in that State and Oregon for three \nyears. Returning to this county, he was married, November 3d, 1853, \nto Miss Melinda T. Asbury, a native of Boone county, born January \n19, 1833. Her parents were Calvin and Jane Asbury, who were born \nand reared in Fleming county, Kentucky, and settled in this county \nat an early day. Five children are the offspring of this marriage, one \nson and four daughters. One of these only is married and the rest \nare at home at this writing, where their father lives, uear Hallsville. \nThat village, by the way, was named in hoiior of this family. [See \ngeneral history of Boone county.] Mr. Hall\'s paternal grandfather \nwas a soldier in the war of the Revolution, but under whom he served- \nis not known. David received a common-school education, and has \nmade his way successfully in the world without the more advanced \neducation attainable to the present youthful generation of Boone \ncounty. He owns a fine farm of 320 acres in Rocky Fork township, \nwhich he knows well how to cultivate. He is a good citizen, a careful \nmanager, and provides well for the support and education of hi& \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1123 \n\nfamily. His mother is still living, at an advanced age, two miles west \nof Hallsville, ou the place where his father died. \n\nCOLUMBUS D. HULEN. \n\nColumbus D. Hulen is the son of John A. Hulen, a native of In- \ndiana, who came to Missouri in 1835. The grandfather on the pater- \nnal side was Taylor Hulen, on the maternal side, Stephen Hulett. \nColumbus D. was one of four children, being the only son of his par- \nents. He was educated at the Missouri State University. He mar- \nried Lucy V. Robinson, daughter of George Robinson, of Winchester, \nClark county, Kentucky. They have two children, Lyman T. and \nLizzie B. After graduating in 1871, Mr. Hulen taught school for two \nterms when he went to farming and has followed that business ever \nsince. He owns a farm of 120 acres. \n\nCICERO HOUSTON. \n\nThe subject of this sketch was born near Hallsville, Rocky Fork \ntownship, Boone county, Missouri, July 18, 1823. His father, Wm. \nL. Houston, was born in Rockbridge county, Virginia, removing with \nhis parents to Knoxville, Tennessee. From Knoxville, Mr. Houston \nwent to Hopkinsville, Kentucky, where he learned the hatter\'s trade, \nand was married. His wife was born and raised in North Carolina. \nIt was while on a visit to friends in Kentucky that she first met Mr. \nHouston whom she subsequently married. In 1818 Mr. Houston em- \nigrated to Missouri, settling near Hallsville, Boone county, his primi- \ntive home being isolated by the distance of five miles from the residence \nof any human being of his own race. Here the old pioneer lived out \nthe remainder of his quiet, useful days. His wife, Rebecca, survived \nhim, finally dying at the residence of their son-in-law, James B. Reed, \nin Audrain county, Missouri, May 19, 1882, at the advanced age of \neighty-five years. Mr. Houston was the first hatter within the range \nof many miles of Hallsville. He was a kind husband and father, but \naustere in manner and of most solemn deportment. He was in the \norganization of the first Christian church west of the Mississippi river. \nHe and his wife were of the original members of Old Red Top church \nwhich still exists, being to-day one of the most flourishing churches in \nin the county. He was buried in the Red Top cemetery. Mr. Hous- \nton was the first cousin of Sam Houston, " the Washington of Texas." \nCicero Houston was married first in 1849 to Miss Mary Ann Hall,, \nborn in Albemarle county, Virginia, in 1830. She was the daughter \n\n\n\n1124 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nof John W. and Sally Hall, both of whom were raised in Virginia. \nThe parents of Mrs. Houston emigrated to Missouri in 1835 and set- \ntled near Hallsville, in Boone county. Her father was the first post- \nmaster at Hallsville, the office taking its name from him. Mrs. \nHouston died April 20, 1870, leaving one child, a son, who at this \nwriting is married and lives near Hallsville. The subject of this \nsketch was ao;ain married in 1874, his second wife being- Mrs. Mago-le \nPenton, born 1832, and raised in Boone county. She was the daugh- \nter of John and Delila Connelly and widow of Andrew J. Fenton. \nShe had two children by her first marriage, one of whom is married, \nthe other residing; with Mr. Houston. Mr. Houston and his wife are \nmembers of the Christian church, and have been since early youth. \nMr. Houston\'s first wife was also a member of the same church. \nWilliam L. Houston, son of Cicero Houston by his first wife, is a \ngraduate of the Missouri State University. He is now farming near \nHallsville. Both the elder and younger Houston are prosperous \nfarmers. They have about 500 hundred acres of land in Boone and \n800 in Audrain county, Missouri, all of which is enclosed. Their \nland is well adapted to the growth of wheat, corn, oats, hay, in fact \nall crops indigenous to our climate. They handle considerable stock, \ntheir facilities for this business being very good. The elder Houston \nhas spent most of his life in the vicinity of Hallsville. He was a sol- \n<lier under Gen. Price during the Mexican war, and afterwards spent \nfour years in California. \n\nJOHN KARNES. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a native of Boone county, Missouri. \nHe is the son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Vanclief) Karnes, and was \nborn April 18, 1838. Both his parents were natives of the Old Do- \nminion. His maternal relatives were of Holland origin, and related \nto the Van Burens, of New York, one of whom, Martin Van Buren, \nwas President of the United States. Thomas Karnes and Elizabeth \nVanclief were married in Virginia in 1832, and came to Boone county \nthree years later. They settled on the head of the Two-mile prairie, \nbeing; among; the first settlers of that neighborhood. Mrs\xe2\x80\x9e Karnes \ndied in 1867, and Mr. Karnes in 1876. They were buried at Mt. \nZion church, in Rocky Fork township. They were both members of \nthe Methodist Church South. Four children were born to them, all \nof whom are now living. Harvey, the oldest, is at Eureka Springs, \nArkansas ; Robert Payne lives on the old farm in Columbia town- \nship ; John, the subject of this sketch, lives in Rocky Fork township ; \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1125 \n\nJoseph Vanclief is practicing law in Kansas City. John Karnes was \nmarried, June 25, 1863, to Miss Sarah A. Potts of Nicholas county, \nKentucky. She is the daughter of Henry T. and Lorana Potts. \nHer father died in 1875. Her mother is still living in Kentucky. \nEight children have been born of this marriage, three sons and five \ndaughters. Their names are Jennie, Mattie, David C, Payne, Lo- \nrana, Fannie, Charles T. and Mary. David C. is dead. He was \nburied with his grandparents at Mt. Zion. Mr. Karnes has lived in \nBoone county all his life. He was educated at the State University \nat Columbia, and studied law, but never practiced his profession. \nHe has a fine farm of three hundred and twenty acres, six miles south \nof Centralia, which is his post-office and shipping point. The farm \nis all in cultivation and is well improved. Mr. and Mrs. Karnes are \nboth members of the Methodist Church South. They worship with \nthe Mt. Zion congregation. \n\nJOHN DUDLEY KEMPER. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is a son of Peter and Rebecca Kemper, \nand was born in Bourbon county, Kentucky, September 17, 1828. \nHis parents were also both native Kentuckians, his father having \nbeen born and raised in Fayette county, that State, and his mother \nin Bourbon. They came to Missouri in 1829, when John Dudley \nwas about a year old, and settled in this county, and continued to re- \nside here till the time of their death. Mr. Kemper was, therefore, \nreared and educated in Boone county. In February, 1852, on \nthe 17th day of that month, he was married to Miss Susan Frances \nBallinger, a native of this county, born February 19, 1836. Her par \nents are James E. and Amanda Kemper, natives of South Carolina, \nwho came here at an early day and still reside in the county. Mr. \nand Mrs. Kemper have had seven children, five of them still living, \nthree of them are married and settled on farms. Both Mr, and Mrs. \nK. are members of the Old School Baptist church, and two of their \nchildren belong to the same. He owns a large farm in Rocky Fork \ntownship of nearly six hundred acres, and all, except forty acres, are \nwell improved, a large part of it being in a high state of cultivation. \nLike many others now living in Boone county, Mr. Kemper came of a \nstock of people whose ancestors fought for our freedom in the war of \nthe Revolution, his grandfather having served as a soldier in that \ngreat struggle for liberty. \n\n\n\n1126 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\nCHARLES WILLETT MASTERSEN \n\n\n\nIs a native of Montgomery county, Kentucky, born April 25, 1819. \nHis parents were Jonathan and Mary Mastersen, the former a Penn- \nsylvanian, and the latter a Kentuckian, by birth. Charles W. moved \nwith his father\'s family to Menard county, Illinois, in 1835. They \nsettled on a farm, though the son spent most of his time working in \na Avoolen factory, and received his education in the common schools. \nHe was married September 30, 1840, to Miss Phoebe M. Houghton, a \nnative of Menard county, Illinois, born January 22, 1828. Her par- \nents, Elijah and Catharine Houghton, were natives of New Jersey, the \nmother being still alive, residing in Illinois, now at the advanced age \nof 90 years. Mr. Mastersen and wife are the parents of thirteen \nchildren, nine of them still living, eight of whom are members of the \nChristian church. He and Mrs. M. have been members of the same \nchurch for many years, he since he was sixteen, and she, from the \ntime she was fifteen years old. Mr. Mastersen has served one term as \ncommissioner of public schools in Boone countv. \n\nTwo of his sons were in the Federal service during the war, one in \nthe cavalry service for four years, and the other three years in the artil- \nlery. Mr. M. owns a good farm of one hundred and fifty-eight acres, \nall in cultivation, and forty acres of timbered land. His farm is well \nadapted to raising the cereals common to this latitude, and Mr. M. \nalso produces live stock \xe2\x80\x94 horses, mules, cattle and swine. He is a \nsuccessful farmer and a good provider for the maintenance of his \nfamily. \n\nHENRY PALMER. \n\nThis gentleman was born in Clark county, Kentucky, June 22d, \n1809. His parents were James and Elizabeth Palmer, both of whom \nwere born and reared in Kentucky. They came to this State when \nHenry was young, and settled near where Sturgeon now is, remaining \nin Boone county till the time of their death. Henry was raised on \nthe farm, and received his education chiefly in this county. He was \nmarried in about 1844 to Mrs. Sarah Stevenson, a widow lady, whose \nmaiden name had been Ridgeway, a daughter of Zachariah and Sarah \nRidgeway, Kentuckians, who came to this State in an early day. She \nhad three children by her former marriage, but none by Mr. Palmer. \nShe died in 1879, and Mr. P. was again married in 1881, to Mrs. \nMargaret J. Wolf, widow of Thomas Wolf, and daughter of James \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1127 \n\nfind Eliza Lampton, who came from Kentucky to this State in 1830, \nsettling in Boone county, and residing here till their death. \n\nMr. Palmer had no children by either marriage, though his last wife \nhad ten children, four sons and six daughters by her first husband. \nMr. and Mrs. P. are both members of the Christian church, as was \nalso his first wife. He has been a member for about twenty-three \nyears, and was baptized and received into the church by Thomas \nAllen. Mr. P. owns a good farm, which he cultivates successfully. \nTo these old settlers who came to the county as early as did Mr. \nPalmer, it must be a great source of satisfaction to look back and \ncontrast the present with the past. The county which was then but \nan unsettled wilderness, abounding with bear, deer, wolves and other \nwild beasts of the forest, has been touched by the magic wand of \nprogress, wielded first by these pioneers, till now it blossoms as the \nrose, and has become the home of thousands who now enjoy the fruit \nof the toils and hardships endured by their first comers. Let us never \nforget the debt of gratitude due to those who labored that we might \nenjoy \xe2\x80\x94 the early pioneers of Boone county. \n\nDR. J. W. POINTS. \n\nThe subject of this sketch is the son of Dr. Joseph Points, who was \nborn in Bourbon county, Kentucky, January 7th, 1797. His father \nand mother, Arthur and Ellen Points, were old settlers of that State. \nJoseph studied medicine in Fayette county, under Doctors Wither- \nspoon and Ennis, and subsequently practiced his profession in that \nlocality, remaining in Fayette county until 1836, when he came to \nBoone county, Missouri, and bought the farm where the subject of this \nsketch now resides. He continued the practice of medicine until his \ndeath, July 28th, 1875. There are now over forty physicians actively \nemployed in the territory in which he once had the exclusive practice. \nHe was married in Fayette county, Kentucky, September, 1819, to \nMiss Sallie, daughter of Joseph and Nancy Robinson. Eleven child- \nren, five sons and six daughters, were born of this marriage. Four of \nthe children are now living. Mrs. Points was born December 28th, \n1798, and is still living, at the advanced age of eighty-four years, re- \ntaining much of her former vigor and cheerfulness. Dr. J. W. Points, \nthe subject of this sketch, was born in Fayette county, Kentucky, \nNovember 24th, 1834. When in his second year, his father removed \' \nto Boone county, Missouri. He was educated at the common schools, \n-and read medicine under his father and Dr. Lee Brown. He made \n\n\n\n1128 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nhis home on the old Points\' homestead and has succeeded to a large \nportion of his father\'s practice. He was married, December 7th, \n1855, to Miss Cordelia A., daughter of Samuel and Jane Huddeston, \nof Boone comity. They have two children, William H., and Mary \nElizabeth, who is now the wife of J. W. Grady, of this county. The \nfirst wife dying in 1864, Dr. Points was again married in 1874, to \nMrs. Elizabeth Schell,of Cole county, Missouri. They have no chil- \ndren by this marriage. Dr. Points has been a citizen of Boone county \nall his life, except about six years spent in Cole county, Missouri. He \nis a member of the Methodist Church South. His father was likewise \na zealous member of the same church. His mother is also a \nMethodist. \n\nGEORGE WASHINGTON REAMS. \n\nGeorge W. Reams was born in Fleming county, Kentucky. His \nfather, John Reams, was a native of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, and of \nGerman origin. George W. was one of twelve children, six of each \nsex. He came with his parents to Boone county, Missouri, in the \nyear 1839, and settled near the spot where he now lives. The \nmother of Mr. Reams was of Irish origin. Her maiden name was \nSwain. The country was thinly settled when they came to Boone \ncounty and their experience was about the same as those who emi- \ngrated at an earlier date. The subject of this sketch had attended \nschool for a few months before leaving Kentucky \xe2\x80\x94 for the rest of his \neducation, he is indebted to no one but himself. He commenced. \nlife without anything but health, strength and indomitable energy. \nHe now owns 600 acres of fine land, well improved, mostly in grass. \nHe is a member of the Methodist Church South. He was married \nin 1849 to Miss Polly A., daughter of Charles Helm, of Crab Orchard,. \nKentucky, who died a few years ago. They have had eight children, \nfour of whom are living. Their names are Francis, Elizabeth, John \nM. and Mary B. \n\nJUDGE WM. F. ROBERTS. \n\nWilliam Franklin Roberts is a native of Boone county, and was \nborn in Rocky Fork township, November 22d, 1831. His parents,. \nJohn and Annie Roberts, were natives of Madison county, Kentucky, \nand came to this county at an early day. Judge Roberts\' grand- \nparents also were Kentuckians, and came early to this county, and \ndied in the township where the subject of this sketch resides. \nWilliam was reared on a farm in the locality of his present residence,, \nand received such education as the common schools of that day \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1129 \n\nafforded. His education, however, did not cease with his school days, \nbut has been furthered and enlarged by close and systematic read- \ning and study, to which he has devoted considerable time through life. \nIn 1850, in his nineteenth year, young William Franklin went over- \nland across the plains to California. He was there nearly four \nyears, engaged in mining for three years, and in merchandising the \nrest of the time, having bought out the stock of the well known " Old \nUncle Abraham Barnes," on the Middle Yuba. He sold out in 1853 \nand, while collecting up, met with a singular adventure. The Digger \nIndians tried to rob him while he was travelling alone between Middle \nand North Yuba. He escaped by a free use of his spurs and a shot \nfrom his Colt\'s navy, which probably sent oi^e Digger iuto the happy \nhunting grounds. Eeturning in December following, he located on \nhis farm in Kocky Fork, where he has ever since resided. Mr. \nRoberts\' wife, whose maiden name was Miranda Asbery, is a native \nof the same township as himself, born July 11th, 1836. Her father \ndied there in 1881. Mr. R. and wife are the parents of nine children, \nseven of whom still survive. The oldest son, Jasper Newton, received \na thorough business education at the Commercial College, of Savannah, \nMissouri, and is now married and settled on a ftirm. The Judge, his \nwife, and the four surviving: children are members of the Christian \nchurch. He has been a mem!)er for about thirty-five years, and she \ntwenty-two years. In 1862, Mr. R. was ordained an elder in the \nchurch, and still holds the position, having done, in his time, some \nvery effective preaching, alwaj^s laboring faithfully for the interest \nand welfare of his church and the cause of religion generally. He is \na member of the Hallsville Lodge, No. 336, of the Free Masons, hav- \ning been in fellowship for twenty-two years, filling some important \npositions therein. In the Royal Arch Chapter, he has held the \nposition of scribe and king. He also belongs to the A. O. U. W., \nand Knights of Pythias. In 1878, Mr. Roberts was elected a \nmember of the county court, and reelected in 1880. He was \nSouthern in sympathy during the civil war, and in 1861, vol- \nunteered, under Gov. Jackson\'s call, in the State Guards, and par- \nticipated in the battles of Lexington and Dry Wood. Receiving a \ncaptain\'s commission, he then went into the regular Confederate ser- \nvice in November following, and was sent out to recruit. He raised a \ncompany of sixty men and started South, but was detained in Boone \ncounty by Col. McKinney, till December. They had an engagement \nat Mt. Zion church with a number of Gen. Prentiss\'s men, the Con- \n\n\n\n1130 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nfederates only numbering about 300. (See full account on other \npages of this history.) Here his company disbanded till June, 1862, \nCapt. Roberts going into the secret service of the Confederacy, with a \ncolonel\'s commission, and so continuing until the close. Judge Rob- \nerts owns a fine farm of 530 acres in Rocky Fork township, all well \nimproved, which he has supplied with high grades of live stock. He \nis a successful farmer, and provides well for the education and sup- \nport of his interesting family. \n\nJOHN ROBERTS \n\nIs a native of Madison county, Kentucky, born December 15th, \n1817, and is a son of William M. and Martha Roberts, both of whom \nwere natives of Kentucky, and descended from the pioneer families \nthat came at an early day from Virginia to that State. The father of \nJohn (Wm. M.) was drafted for service in the war of 1812, but \nmanaged to procure a substitute. John was reared on a farm, and \nreceived his education in the common schools of the country. In \n1827 he was brought to this State and county by his parents, and settled \nin Rocky Fork township, when the county was new and comparatively \nunsettled. Wild game \xe2\x80\x94 elks, deer, bears and wolves \xe2\x80\x94 were \nabundant, and the Roberts family helped to rid the country of such pests \nas wolves and snakes. The Indians were still in the country, but had \nceased to be hostile. Mr, Roberts was married in September, 1839, \nto Miss Nancy Johnson, daughter of Anderson and Edith Johnson, \nwho were reared in Kentucky and came to Missouri in about 1814. \nThe wife is a native of Missouri, and was born in 1818, reared on a \nfarm and educated in the schools of that primitive period. Eight chil- \ndren have been born to this couple, two sons and six daughters, the \nformer, and four of the latter, still living at this writing. Three of \nthe surviving daughters are married, and two of those deceased were \nalso married. The entire family are members of the Christian church, \nMr. Roberts and wife having been .members about forty years, having \njoined the Red Top church, of which they are at present members, \nunder the preaching of an old Kentuck}^ preacher named Elijah Chris- \nman. Mr. Roberts owns a farm of one hundred and eighty-three acres of \ngood land, one hundred and sixty acres of which are improved and well \nadapted to raising wheat, corn, hay, oats, etc. Like all farmers of \nthis section, Mr. Roberts produces live stock as well as cereals and \nlighter produce. He has raised an exemplary fomily, whose good \nmoral habits in temperance, virtue, good associations and freedom \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1131 \n\nfrom profanity are remarked by all who know them, and not one ot \nthem has ever been called upon to answer for any violation of church \ndiscipline, all of which should make Mr. Roberts feel honored, both \nas a parent and a citizen. \n\nWILLIAM P. ROBINSON. \n\nWilliam P. Robinson is a native of Boone county, having been born \nin Columbia township in 1839. His father, Michael Robinson, was a \naiative of Virginia, born July 1, 1786. He was twice married. He \nwas first married to Mary Magee, July 4, 1809. Eight children were \nborn of this marriage: Robert B., Hugh Magee, Walter, Virginia, \nHugh Myms, Lucy, Michael M. and John. . Michael M. and John are \nthe only children of the first wife now living. Mrs. Mary (Magee) \nRobinson was born June 22, 1785, and died November 3, 1837. Mi- \nchael Robinson was again married April 5, 1838^ to Miss Mary C. \nPhillips. Three children were born of this marriage : William P. \n(subject of this sketch), Henry T. and Addison A. They are all liv- \ning. Michael Robinson died July 5, 1847, and was buried in Colum- \nbia township. Mrs. Mary C. Robinson died October 20, 1878. She \nis buried at Mt. Zion church. William P. Robinson was married, \nApril 16, 1861, to Miss Sallie A., daughter of Mordecai and Arethusa \nTurner, of Boone county. Five children were born of this marriage : \nGeorge W., Mary J., Lucy E., Mordecai T. and William L., all liv- \ning. Mrs. Robinson died September 3, 1877, and is buried at Mount \nZion church. The eldest daughter, Mary, is the wife of J. F. Ed- \nwards, of Audrain county, Missouri. The other children are at home \nwith their parents. Mr. Robinson was again married, September 23, \n1880, to Miss Elizabeth, daughter of John and Elizabeth King, of \nBoone county, formerly of Jasper county, Missouri. Mr. Robinson \nis a practical farmer, and owns a fine farm of 200 acres on the Cen- \ntralia and Jeiferson City road, seven and one-fourth miles south of \nCentralia and four and a half miles west of Halls ville. He took no \npart in the late civil war. The battle of Mount Zion, between Gen. \nPrentiss and Col. Dorsey, began at his house, where a party of Con- \nfederates were eating their breakfast. Mr. Robinson was greatly ex- \nposed, and was shot through the clothing, but escaped unhurt. He \nis not a church member. Mrs. Robinson is a member of the Method- \nist church . \n\nSAMUEL MILTON STE VINSON \n\nWas born in Clark county, Kentucky, January 30, 1826. His \n\n\n\n1132 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nparents, Isaac and Lucinda Stevinson, were natives of the same \n(Clark) county, and moved to Boone county, this State, in 1858, \nsettling in Rock}^ Fork township, where the father died, and the \nmother still resides at the advanced age of eighty-seven years. \nSamuel was reared on a farm, receiving his education in the common \nschools of the country. He was married in Montgomery county, \nKentucky, June 19, 1849, to Miss Edith Britton, daughter of David \nand Rebecca Britton, and moved to Missouri in 1852, locating on the \nfarm on which he still resides in Rocky Fork. Here his chief voca- \ntion has been that of farmino- and stock raising. Mr. and Mrs. Ste- \nVinson are the parents of thirteen children \xe2\x80\x94 ten boys and three girls \xe2\x80\x94 \nof whom eight sons and two daughters are still living, one son mar- \nried and farming in California, and two sons in business at Seligman, \nnear Eureka Springs. Both parents and three of the children are \nmembers of the Christian church. Mr. S. was baptized about thirty \nyears ago by Samuel Rogers, and received into the church by him. \nMrs. S. has been a member about the same length of time, "Rac- \ncoon" John Smith, of Kentucky, administering baptism in her case. \nThese people have lived thirty years on their farm, and there reared \ntheir large family. Mr. S. was not in the civil war, but gave his at- \ntention to farming, in which he has been successful as a raiser of \ngrain and other produce, besides horses, mules, sheep, etc., those \nstaples which mark the successful producer in this latitude. \n\nWILLIAM THOMAS SUMMERS \n\nIs a native of Clarke county, Kentucky, born May the 4th, 1829.. \nHis parents, William and Sallie Summers, were also born in Ken- \ntucky, but came to this State and county in 1851, and settled near \nMiddletown, where they lived till 1865, The}^ then moved to John \nSummers\'s, their son, and lived with him till their death, the father \ndying in 1875 and the mother in 1876. The subject of this sketch \ndid not come to Missouri till 1853, two years after his parents came. \nHe was married in Boone county, April 10, 1855, to Miss Sallie A. \nHulen, a daughter of John C. and Sallie Hulen, and born in Ken- \ntucky, September 10, 1837. Her parents were likewise Kentuckians, \nand came to this State in 1843. Mr. S. and wife were reared on a \nfarm, and have mostly resided on the farm. In 1855 he sold goods \nin Hallsville, but since that time has been farming and dealing in live \nstock. Four boys and live girls have been born to Mr. and Mrs. \nSummers, all of whom survive except one son. The oldest daughter,. \n\n\n\nHISTORY or BOONE COUNTY. 1133 \n\nMary B., was educated at Camden Point, Mo., apd since then lias \ntaught successfully in the schools of Boone county for six years. \nShe is now the wife of a thrifty farmer living on Grand \nprairie, east of Hallsville. The second daughter, Nettie B., \ngraduated from the normal department of the University in 1879, \nand has also been teaching in the schools of Boone county \nfor four years. Still another daughter attended Christian Col- \nlege for one year, and George E., the oldest son, graduated \nfrom Jones\'s Commercial College, in St. Louis, and is now in the \nmercantile business at Hallsville, all of which shows the appreciation \nof the Summers family for education and learning. Mr. Summers, \nwife and three daughters are members of the Christian church, the \nformer having been a member for twenty-one years and Mrs. S. for \nover thirty years. Mr. S. was in the late civil war about one year, \nand served under Gen. Price, participating in the battles of Lexing- \nton, Dry Wood and Pea Ridge. His grandfather was also a soldier, \nand did service in the war of 1812, under Gen. Harrison. Mr. Sum- \nmers owns 240 acres of land, about 170 of which he has improved \ninto a comfortable home. He is a gentleman of the old school in \npoint of liberality and charity, and his many generous acts are re- \nmembered\' in grateful recognition by the recipients. \n\nJOHN TOALSON. \n\nThis gentleman is a native of old Boone, born December 18, 1816, \nwhen Boone formed a part of Howard county. John is the son of \nWilliam and Mary Toalson, the former a native of Virginia, but both \nreared in Kentucky. After his marriage, the father moved to Mis- \nsouri, first locating near Fayette, in Howard county, and then re- \nmoving to what is now Boone in 1816, settling one mile south of \nwhere William Toalson now lives. After several other removals, all \nin Boone county, the father finally settled four miles north of Colum- \nbia, where he died in 1841. At the time of the first coming of the \nToalsons, Boone county, then almost an unsettled wilderness, \nabounded in wild game and Indians. John remembers well the time \nwhen his father used to hunt with the red men of the forest, who \nwere for a long time perfectly friendly till they were driven out by \nthe uprising of the settlers, after having committed some outrages \nthat the pale-faces would not brook. Though it can not be said that \n" locusts and wild honey " were the " meat " of those early settlers, \nit can be truthfully said that bear\'s meat and wild honey were the \n\n\n\n1134 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nchief food on which they for a time subsisted. The subject of this \nsketch, after receiving a common school education, was united in mat- \nrimony, in 1844, to Nancy Allen, a native of Madison county, Ken- \ntucky, born July 4, 1827, and a daughter of Temple and Polly AUen^ \nwho came to Missouri in 1831. Twelve children were born to bless \nthis union, seven sons and five daughters, five of the former and three \nof the latter still surviving. One son and one daughter are married \nand living in the southern part of the State. A son and a daughter \nT^ere educated at Sweet Springs, Mo., and still another son is tele- \ngraph operator at Plattsburg, Mo. The entire ftimily, except two of \nthe children, are members of the Christian church. Mr. T. and wife \nhave been members of the Red Top church for upwards of forty \nyears. Two sons belong to the Masonic fraternity, one at Centralia \nand one at Hallsville. During the civil war, Mr. Toalson was for a \nshort time in the Confederate service, and participated in the fights at \nDry Wood and Lexington. He owns 217 acres of land, 160 acres \nimproved, and well adapted to producing all the cereals of this cli- \nmate, Mr. T, is now nearly sixty-five years old, having spent the \nmost of his time right here in Boone. He has four children still liv- \ning with him to comfort and to cheer the declining years of that \nfather who has endured toil and hardship that they, his children, \nmight enjoy the fruits of his labor. \n\nJOHN DODRIDGE WILLIAMS \n\nWas born in Boon6 county, Missouri, March 30th, 1830. His father, \nIsaac, and his mother, Dorcas Williams, were natives of Pennsylva- \nnia, but came to this State at an early day and settled in Rocky Fork \ntownship, this county, two miles from where John D. now lives. His \nfather and uncle were in the war of 1812, under Com. Perry, serving- \ntill their discharge at the close of hostilities. It was by " laying" \nthe land warrant given his father by government, that Mr. Williams \ngot possession of the farm on which he first settled, on Young\'s creek. \nJohn was reared on a farm, and, in 1850, married Miss Eliza Williams, \ndaughter of Elder James Williams. She was born in this county, July \n6th, 1831. They have three children, and two deceased. Samuel L. \nWilliams, their son, was educated at the University in Columbia. \nSoon after his marriage, Mr. Williams located on a farm two miles \neast of Columbia, where he lived till 1862, when he moved to the \nplace of his present residence, in Rocky Fork. Mr. W^. and wife \nhave been members of the Christian church for many years, and he \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1135 \n\nhas served as deacon. They saw some exciting scenes during the \nwar, among which was the killing of Dr. Angell by the Federals, right \nat Mr. Williams\'s gate. Mr. W. owns a farm of 142 acres, well im- \nproved, and in a good state of cultivation. \n\n\n\nCHAPTER XXIII. \n\nBOONE COUNTY LIVE STOCK INTERESTS. \n\nCattle. Fielding W. Smith\'s Herd \xe2\x80\x94 Forest Park Herd \xe2\x80\x94 Estes\' Greenwood Farm \xe2\x80\x94 \nGrlenwood Farm \xe2\x80\x94 Eagle Park Herd \xe2\x80\x94 Horses. The Kinloch Stud of J. Lucas Turner \xe2\x80\x94 \nJ. C. Stice\'s Stud \xe2\x80\x94 J. S. Croswhite \xe2\x80\x94 C. B. Hulen \xe2\x80\x94 Sheep. McQuitty\'s Flock \xe2\x80\x94 Bass\'s \nFlock. \n\nBy special request of some of the citizens of the county interested \nin stock growing and breeding, the subjoined department on the stock \ninterests is added to the history, for the information and benefit of any \nand all persons who take an interest in or derive a profit from this great \ndepartment of Western production. It is the purpose in the following \narticle to give names and location of breeders, the kind of stock han- \ndled, with pedigree, etc., of the finer class of animals; it being un- \nnecessary in this department to give adaptability of climate and \nsurroundings to the breeding of particular kinds of stock, that having \nbeen generally set forth in the general history department. Boone as \na stock county and Boone county men as stock-men are perhaps as \nwidely known as any in this State, the agricultural fairs in Central \nMissouri being never without a creditable representation from Boone. \n\nCATTLE. \n\nF. W. Smith\'\' s Herd. \xe2\x80\x94 Foremost among the most successful im- \nporters and breeders of fine cattle is Mr. Fielding W. Smith, of Perche \ntownship, near Woodlandville. Previous to 1879 Mr. Smith was a \nbreeder of short-horns, but having heard of the merit of the Herefords- \nover other breeds, he determined to test the matter for himself. Ac- \ncordingly, at the St. Louis Fair, of 1879, he purchased of T. L. Miller \nthe Hereford bull calf. Dictator, 1989, then ten months old. The \noffspring of this bull from short-horn and high-grade cows proved to \nbe of the most thrifty and satisfactory kind, both as to proportions and \nrapid and healthy growth ; and Mr. Smith readily found sale for his \n\n\n\n1136 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nbull calves from Dictator at eighty dollars each. In the spring of \n1881 Mr. Smith went to Beecher, Illinois, to view the Hereford herd \nof Mr. Miller, just after the arrival of his large importation froniEng- \n^ land. He was much pleased with the herd, and purchased three cows \n(with calf) and one heifer calf for $2,000. The same year he had an \nincrease from them of two heifers and one bull calf. There will be a \nfurther increase this year (1882), all of which will be from sire Dic- \ntator. This proves the Hereford cows to be good breeders, and the \nmanner in which calves thrive shows them to be excellent nursers. \nThey are easy feeders, laying on flesh rapidly, and when slaughtered \ntheir beef is very choice. They have thick hides, protecting them \nwell in both winter and summer. Dictator is a red bull with white \nface, calved November, 22, 1878; bred by T. L. Miller, Beecher, Illi- \nnois. His sire was Seventy-six (American Herd Book, 1093), and \nhis dam was Victoria (American Herd Book, 1053). \n\nMr. Smith\'s fine Hereford cow, Countess 9th, is a red, with white \nface, animal, calved May 2, 1877, bred by T. Middleton, Shropshire, \nEno-hmd. She was sired by Baron 4th (English Herd Book, 4326), \nand her dam was Countess 6th (Eng. H. B.). A further pedigree of \nthese superior animals may be found in the American and English \nHerd Books. \n\nMr. Smith sold one bull calf at a good price in the summer of 1882, \nleaving his herd of Herefords numbering eiglit. He has of short- \nhorns and grades about fifty head of as fine cattle as any in the West. \nBesides his cattle interests, Mr. S. is also a breeder of fine Cotswold. \nsheep, but no pedigrees or other particulars have been furnished. \n\nForest Park Herd. \xe2\x80\x94 This famous herd is owned by H. T. Curtright \n& Sons, who are located on Forest Park farm, six miles southeast of \nColumbia, near Bonne Femme church, on the gravel road to Ashland. \nMr. Curtright moved there in 1855, and brought with him from Bour- \nbon county, Kentuck}\'\', fourteen head of short-horn cattle, including \nBolingbroke, 7596, bred by Abe Renick, of Kentucky, and also the \nimported cow Amazon, by New Market (10563), perhaps the finest \nimported cow ever brought to the State. She was a noble animal, and \nproduced four bulls before becoming barren. Mr. C. sold her to Maj. \nJenkins for $1,000. He continued to breed on a limited scale till re- \ncently, when he associated his sons with him and enlarged his herd \nwith some fine breeds, among which are Rose of Sharons, Young \nMarys, Belinas, Red Roses, Rubies and other noted families. These \nare being bred to Grand Duke of Sharon, owned by Parker & Co., \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1137 \n\nand one of the best bulls ever bred by the fanaous old breeder, Abe \nKenick. For thirty years Mr. C. has been breeding Cotswold sheep, \nand for eight years has been importing from Canada, the largest num- \nber for an}\'- one year being 223 head. Mr. Curtrightis wholly enrapt \nin the business of breeding, and will doubtless live and die a producer \nof short-horns and long wool, preferring that to any other vocation. \n\nJoseph Estes\'s Greenwood Farm. \xe2\x80\x94 This stock-farm is located four \nmiles east of Columbia, and its energetic proprietor has done his full \nshare towards improving the stock of the county. Mr. Estes has \nbeen a breeder of short-horn cattle and Berkshire hogs for twenty \nyears, bringing some choice breeders of the former from Kentucky, \nin 1853, \'55 and \'56. Also again in 1869, and as late as 1874, he \nmade importations of such animals as the bull, Duke of Stoner, \nA. H. B., 6691, sired by Clifton Duke, 3760, dam Bride Third, by \nimported Duke of Airdrie, E. H. B., 12730, tracing to imported \nKose by Skipton. His Fourteenth Duke of Goodness, A. H. B., \n13949, was sired by that noted Duke bull. Fourteenth Duke of \nThorndale, A. H. B., 8031 ; dam, Seventh Duchess of Goodness, by \nDuke of Airdrie, 2743, tracing to imported Goodness by Orontes, \nE. H. B., 4623 ; also Col. Cook, bred by W. A. Cook, and sired by im- \nported John O\'Gaunt, A. H. B., 11621 ; dam Magnolia. Among Mr. \nEstes\' fine cows were Lady Franklin Third, by Grand Duke, A. H, B., \n2933 ; Fourth Duchess of Goodness, by imported Duke of Airdrie \n(12730) ; Goodness Fifth, sired by Duncan\'s Duke of Airdrie, \nA. H. B., 2743, dam Goodness Fourth, by Orontes, A. H. B., 4210. \nMr. Estes has had several other fine pedigreed animals in his importa- \ntions, from which his present Greenwood herd is descended. At this \ntime, his herd numbers twenty-five, at the head of which is Phil \nChew (A. H. B. 44551, S. H. R. 7779) are among the finest sires \nin the State. Mr. Estes has raised and sold one hundred head of these \nfine breeders, and his chief pride is in his superb live stock. \n\nGlennioood Farm. \xe2\x80\x94 This, one of the finest stock farms in Boone, \nis located at the head of Two-mile prairie, ten miles from Columbia, \nand is owned by Mr. R. P. Glenn. It is to be regretted that informa- \ntion from his herds has been so meagerly supplied. Mr. Glenn keeps \nabout thirty head of fine short-horn breeders, besides a flock of the \nfinest Cotswold sheep, and a supply of pure Berkshire hogs. In 1871 \nhe imported five cows and a bull from Mason county, Kentucky, bought \nof Robert Page, and he purchased of A. Beich cows got by Duke of \nMason and bred by Mr. Abe Renick. They are of the Cambria and \n72 \n\n\n\n1138 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nHarriet families. The last bull Mr. Glenn has used in his herd is \nPearl Duke, sired by Lord of the Manor, bred by Hall & Taylor, of \nParis, Kentucky. Mr. Glenn raises and feeds from fifty to one hun- \ndred head of mules every year. He keeps always on hand a lot of \nhigh grade cows. \n\n\'\'^ Eagle Park\'\' Herd of Jerseys \xe2\x80\x94 Is a prominent feature in the \nlive stock interests of Boone county. This herd, the property of \nGen. O. Guitar, is located on his stock and dairy farm, " Eagle Park," \none mile south of Columbia, and adjoining the State Agricultural \nfarm, and consists of forty females and five bulls. The foundation \nof this collection is the prize herd of imported cpws exhibited by \nMessrs. Churcham & Jackson, of Indianapolis, at the St. Louis Fair, \nin 1878, where, in competition with nine other selected herds \nfrom six difterent States, they bore off the great herd prize, although \nthere was not a cow in the lot above three years old. These animals \nwere selected on the Island of Jersey, by Mr. Jackson, aided by the \nsuperior judgment of Mr. Mackie, president, and Mr. Waring, sec- \nretary of the American Jersey Cattle Club, and no care or expense was \nspared in securing the finest specimens of the breed that Island could \nafford. To this herd Gen. Guitar has added from time to time fifteen \nother females, drawn from the best herds in the country, and of the \nmost noted strains of blood, and some of these cows were in the \nprize herd at St. Louis in 1877. These animals and their produce \nconstitute, the present herd. Among the great prize cows may be men- \ntioned Valentine of Trinity, dam Milkmaid 3d, No. 4, J. H. B. ; \nsire Duke 76, being half-sister to Grey King, sire of Farmer\'s Glory, \nbeing the granddaughter of Milkmaid 95, J. H. B., she being the \ng. g. dam of Coomassie. This cow is a 16-pound cow, and is be- \nlieved to combine a richer admixture of blood than any other cow \non the continent. This cow can hardly be called exceptional in the \nherd, as there are many others of blood and lineage almost as rich. \nThere is imported Princess 2d, dam Princess, sire Noble, 104, J. H. B. \nThe same blood of Princess sold recently for $4,800, the highest \nprice ever paid for a Jersey cow. This cow has a daughter now three \nyears old, by Lebrony\'s Prize, a very gem, making twelve pounds \nof butter at three years old. In addition, there are three other im- \nported cows, tracing to Neptune and other distinguished sires, and \nsix cows descended from Corona, 1796, by Potomac, 153, all of them \nsolid calvers, and of the highest butter qualities. The bulls now \nused in the herd are the prize bulls imported Knight of St. Louis, \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1139 \n\nsired by a grandson of Coomassie, his sons Crown Prince, out of \nPrincess by Noble, and Alphero, tracing through his grandsire Polo- \nnius to Alphea, and through his granddara Coucli\'s Lily to Pansy. \nIt is admitted on all hands that three such specimens of their race, \ncombining; such rare and varied blood, are not to be found on the con- \ntinent. In addition to the prizes already referred to, Gen. Guitar \ntook the great herd prize at the St. Louis Fair in 1880, the herd \nbeing headed by the Knight of St. Louis. There were many very fine \nherds in competition from different States, and among them one gotten \nup expressly for show and advertising purposes by H. S. Cooper, \nof Pennsylvania, headed by the buU.Chelton Duke. This victory was \nwon at the hands of a unanimous committee. Gen. Guitar\'s arrange- \nments for breeding and dairy purposes are all modern, and his butter \nbrings the highest prices in the market. He has offered no females \nfor sale yet, desirous to breed his herd up to fifty productive cows. \nHe is breeding bulls, however, of the highest type of their breed. \nHis herd is an honor to the county, and a most valuable acquisition \nto the " Great West " and its results will be found interwoven with \nthe future history of the great dairy interests of the West. \n\nHORSES. \n\nThe Kinloch Stud. \xe2\x80\x94 The Kinloch stud is located near Columbia, \nand is the property of Mr. J. Lucas Turner, whose imported Athlete \nis the lord of the harem. He is a chesnut horse, 15.2 hands high, \nwas foaled in 1872, is by Gladiateur, dam Rose of Kent, by Kingston, \nsecond dam England\'s Beauty (dam of Silver Hair, the dam of Silvio, \nwho won both Derby and St. Leger in 1877), by Irish Birdcatcher out \nof Prairie Bird, by Touchstone, etc. Gladiateur the sire of Athlete, is \nthe only horse that ever won the Two Thousand Guineas, Derby, St. \nLeger and Grand Prix de Paris. Athlete was bred by the great \nBlenkirou at the Middle Park stud, Eltham, Kent, England. He is a \nfine horse, of good shape, and from his breeding his colts ought to be \nwinners, and should make a mark in Missouri, for which its future \ncitizens will owe an eternal debt of gratitude to the enterprise shown \nby Mr. Turner in his purchase. \n\nThe matrons of the Kinloch stud cannot be excelled in blood and \nracing lineage. Barbary (dam of Robert Bruce, a prominent candi- \ndate for the Kentucky Derby in 1882) is a brown mare, foaled in \n1874, by imp. Bonnie Scotland, dam Tallulah, by Planet ; second \ndam Mazurka (dam of Zoo-Zoo), by Lexington out of Miss Morgan, \n\n\n\n1140 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\nby imp. Yorkshire, etc. Barbary foaled March 8, 1882, a brown filly, \nby Rhadamanthus, and has stinted to imp. Athlete. Bryonia, dam of \nBessie Belle, is a bay mare, foaled in 1873, by Jack Malone, dam \nArnica, by Asteroid; second dam Iodine (own sister to Martha \nDunn), by imp. Sovereign ; third dam by Stockholder, son of Sir \nArchy. Bryonia, has stinted to imp. Athlete. Engenia is a chestnut \nmare, foaled in 1869, by Jack Malone; first dam, a Shark mare, by \nTilghman (son of Hannibal by imp. Priam and Prunella by imp. \nPriam) ; second dam, Fleet, by Shark (son of Am. Eclipse) out of \nAriadne, by Bertrand. Eugenia foaled a chestnut filly April 22, 1882, \nby Bold Tom, son of Tom Bowling, and has stinted to imp. Athlete. \n\nEurydice is a brown mare, foaled in 1876, by imp. Leamington,. \nsire of Iroquois, who won the English Derby in 1881 ; dam Maud, by \nimp. Australian, second dam Martha Buford, by Wagner out of Cub, \nby Modoc, etc. Eurydice has stinted to imp. Athlete. Sally Edwards \nis a bay mare, foaled in 1874, by Panic (son of imp. Glencoe), dam \nOptima (dam of Peru), by imp. Knight of St. George ; second dam \nGlenluce, by imp. Glencoe; third dam by Am. Eclijjse, etc. Sally \nEdwards is with foal by Eland (son of Jack Malone). She will be \nput to imp. Athlete. Volante is a brown mare, foaled in 1872, by \nVandal, dam Belladonna, by Brown Dick ; second dam Anod3\'ne, by \nimp. Albion, out of Ann Chase (sister to Sarah Bladen, Jennie Breeze, \nand others), by imp. Leviathan, etc. Volante foaled, April 10, 1882, \na bay filly, by Rhadamanthus, and has been put to imp. Athlete. \nArcadia is a chestnut mare, foaled in 1876, by John Morgan, dam \nSally Crow, by imp. Albion ; second dam Ann Chase (sister to \nSarah Bladen, Jennie Breeze and others), by imp. Leviathan, out of \nMorgiana (sister to Jennie), by Pacolet, etc. Arcadia is with foal by \nEland (son of Jack Malone). She will be covered by imp. Athlete. \nBazique is a chestnut filly, foaled in 1880, by imp. Bonnie Scotland, \ndam Minerva, by John Morgan; second dam, Mary Go wen (dam of \nJohn A. Norton), by Childe Harold ; third dam, by imp. Priam, etc. \n\nMr. Turner is exercising sound discretion in not commencing with \ntoo large a number of mares. To obtain the best results procurable \nfrom a stallion such as Athlete, great care has to be taken, in selecting \nmares of such strains as will nick with his blood. Athlete as a foal \nat foot of Rose of Kent, in the Eltham paddock, displayed every \npromise. Like West Australian, and many others of the best horses \nof modern times, Gladiateur has been no great success at the stud, but \nit is believed, that with a careful choice of his mares, he is yet destined \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. 1141 \n\nto shine through Athlete in the same way that West Australian has \nin the United States done through Australian, Faugh-a-Ballagh \nthrough Leamington, and King Tom through his son. Phaeton. \n\nJohn O. Slice \xe2\x80\x94 Located on his farm near Dripping Spring, in Per- \nche township, has paid considerable attention to draft-stock breeding. \nIn about 1874 he purchased a fine two year old stallion from John \nPollard, of Eandolph county. The horse was one of great power and \nmuscle, of the Sampson-Arabian stock, and stood sixteen hands high \nat two years old. The dam was a Whip and Morgan, brought from \nKentucky. About a jenx later he bought a fine Illinois jack, which \nproved to be a fine breedery-erud was sire to some of the best mules in \nthe county. After thoroughly testing the breeding qualities of these \nanimals to the satisfaction of every one, he disposed of them and pur- \nchased a coal-black stallion sixteen and a half hands high, and four \nyears old, weighing sixteen hundred pounds. The horse had a fine \ncarriage and style generally. He was sired by Rattler Morgan, and \nhe by Green Mountain Black Hawk, his dam by Old Highlander, and \nher dam by Messenger Grand Duke, and he by Cherokee, also having \nsome Norman blood in him. This was one of the finest colts ever \nbrought to Missouri. Mr. Stice also purchased of A. Winn, of Boone \ncounty, a fine young jack, bred by Mr. Winn from stock that has \nnever been surpassed for style, bone and muscle. He shows fine \ncolts, some of which are premium stock. Mr. Stice has always mad \na practice of giving premiums on the best colts sired by his anim*^ \nin order to stimulate breeders to take good care of stock, thereb \nproving the grade and quality. Mr. Stice\' s book for the se \n1882, shows $1,250 booked from this source. He has his f \nstacked with good grades of cattle, hogs and sheep, and nev< \nconcern himself actively in behalf of stock improvement. \n\n1. S. Croswhite \xe2\x80\x94 Of the vicinity of Sturgeon, owns one \nsaddle stallions ever brought from Kentucky. Montrose i \nany bay, sixteen hands high, and pretty as a picture. I \nblood, being sired by G^iy\'s Denmark, and he hy Gaine \nson of the famous racer Denmark ; 1st dam l)y Hill\'s \ndam by Postboy ; 3d dam by Jenkins\' Sir William ; 4ti \n^rted Diomede ; 5th dam by imported St. George ; 6^ \npoii/^d Fearnaught. Montrose is a premium stfllion, \nsweep-stakes prize at Paris in 1880, as the best saddle \nage, and has also taken the premium at the St. Loui> \nsaddle stallion. \n\n\n\n1142 HISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n(J. B. Hulen^ \xe2\x80\x94 Of Sturgeon, owns a fine jet-black stallion, \nBlackbird, sixteen and a half hands high, bred and raised in \nMontgomery county, Kentucky, and of the best "all purpose" \nhorses to be found anywhere. He is of the old Cannon Whip and \nCalk\'s Halcorn stock. Mr. Hulen is also a great stock trader, buyer \nand shipper. Sturgeon is one of the most famous stock-shipping \npoints of its size in this State, and Mr. Hulen and numerous other \ndealers there contribute, by their liberal purchases, to "make it one \nof the best markets on that line of road, \n\nSHEEP. \n\nMcQuitty\'s Flock. \xe2\x80\x94 Mr. D. W. McQuitty, of Missouri township, \nbegan to breed sheep in 1874. He imported his first flock of Span- \nish-Merinos from Ohio in 1877, which were of the Atwood & Eobin- \nson blood, of Vermont. In 1882, he imported a flock of the same \nblood from Vermont, the pedigrees of which are entered in the \nVermont Sheep Register. His stock buck. Eureka, whose sire was \nimported direct from Spain, was purchased by Mr. McQuitty from J. \nJames, of Middlebury, Vermont, and the rest from S. James and W. \nW. Peet, both of whom were breeders of Spanish-Merino sheep. \nMr. McQuitty makes a specialty of these breeds, first, for size ; \nsecond, for constitution ; third, for length and fourth for weight of \nwool. \n\nBasses Flock. \xe2\x80\x94 William H. Bass, of Cedar township (now of \n\nnbia), brought the first Southdown sheep to Boone county in \n\nThis was, perhaps, the first importation of Southdown into \n\nt pretended that this brief chapter is anything like a full \n\nof the live-stock interests of this county ; but it embodies \n\nline as could be gleaned from the meagre notes furnished. \n\nIS were written to in various parts of the county who did \n\nconsequently they cannot complain because no mention \n\n>ir stock. Boone is one of the best stocked counties in \n\noomes more nearly up to " old Kentucky " realizations \n\n\' sisters. \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n1143 \n\n\n\nLIST OF BOONE COUNTY OFFICIALS FEOM 1822 TO 1882. \n\n\n\n1822-26. A, J. Williams. \n\n1826-30. Kichard Gentry. \n\n1830-34. Wm. Jewell. \n\n1834-38. A. M. Kobinson. \n\n1838-40. T. C. Maupift. \n\n1838-40. A. W. Turner. \n\n1840^2. Sinclair Kirtley. \n\n1840-42. Hiram Philips. \n\n1842-46. Tyre Harris. \n\n1846-50. Jas. S. Rollins. \n\n1880-82. \n\n\n\nLEGISLATTJKE. \n\nState Senators. \n\n1850-54. \n1856-60. \n1860-62. \n1862-66. \n1866-68. \n1868-72. \n1872-74. \n\n\n\nSamuel A. Young. \n\nL. W. Eobinson. \n\nCharles H. Hardin. \n\nJas. M. Gordon. \n\nPaul Hubbard. \n\nJas. S. Rollins. \n\nChas. H. Hardin. \n1874-76. D. H*. Mclntyre. \n1876-78. John A. Flood. \n1878-80. J. A. Hockaday. \nJas. L. Stephens. \n\n\n\nRepresentatives in Legislature. \n\n1822-24. Peter Wright, James M. Moss, David C. Westerfield. \n\n1824-26. Peter Wright, John Slack, Thomas W. Conyers. \n\n1826-28. Tyre Harris, Thomas W. Conyers. \n\n1828-30. Sinclair Kirtley, Wm. S. Burch. \n\n1830-32. John B. Gordon, Wm. S. Burch, D. P. Wilcox. \n\n1832-34. John B. Gordon, Tyre Harris, Oliver Parker. \n\n1834-36. John B. Gordon, Thomas C. Maupin, Sinclair Kirtley. \n\n1836-38. John B. Gordon, T. C. Maupin, Michael Woods, A. W. Turner. \n\n1838-40. John B. Gordon, D. M. Hickman, J. S. Rollins, Alex. Persinger. \n\n1840-42. D. M. Hickman, J. S. Rollins, Alex. Persinger, George Knox, Tyre Harris. \n\n1842-44. Wm. Smith, M. R. Arnold, Wm. Rowland. \n\n1844-46. George Knox, Sinclair Kirtley, Wm. Jewell. \n\n1846-50. Wm. F. Switzler. \n\n1850-52. Absalom Hicks^ L. W. Robinson, S. B. Hatton. \n\n1852-54. James M. Gordon, Stephen Wilhite, D. H. Hickman. \n\n1854-56. Jas. S. Rollins, Odon Guitar. \n\n1856-58. W. F. Switzler, Joseph B. Douglass. \n\n1858-60. Odon Guitar, James Harris. \n\n1860-62. John M. Harris, J. M. Gordon. \n\n1862-64. Wm. Slade, Wm. W. Dodd. \n\n1864-66. John W. Harris, J. M. Gordon. \n\n1866-68. Jas. S. Rollins, Rollin Lyman. \n\n1868-70. F. T. Russell, Tyre Harris. \n\n1870-72. A. G. Newman, John L. Bass. \n\n1872-74. Squire Turner. \n\n1874-78. W. R. Wilhite. \n\n1878-82. J. W. Kneisley. \n\nJUDICIAL. \nCounty Court Judges. \n1821-22. Anderson Woods, Lazarus Wilcox, Peter Wright. \n1822-26. Wm. Lientz, Lawrence Bass. \n1826-28. Tyre Harris, Wm. Shields, John Henderson. \n1828-29. Priestly H. McBride, Joseph Marshall, Wm. Lientr. \n1829-30. James McClelland, James W. Moss, Wm. Lientz. \n\xe2\x80\xa2 1830-32. James McClelland, Tyre Harris, J. W. Hickam. \n1832-33. James McClelland, J. W. Hickam, Michael Woods. \n\n\n\n/ \n\n\n\n1144 \n\n\n\nHISTORY OF BOONE COUNTY. \n\n\n\n1821-60. \n1860-67. \n\n\n\n1819-37. \n1837-40. \n\n\n\n1821-24. \n1824-26. \n\n1826-27. \n1827-28. \n1828-36. \n1836-37. \n1837-38. \n1838-48. \n1848-52. \n\n1821-47. \n1847-66. \n\n1821-22. \n1822-26. \n1826-30. \n1830-32. \n1832-36. \n1836-40. \n18\'i0-44. \n1844-48. \n1843-50. \n\n\n\n1833-34. Joseph W. Hickam, J. W. Moss, Michael Woods. \n1834-35. Michael Woods, J. M. Gordon, Jesse Hart. \n1835-86. James M. Gordon, Michael Woods, Hiram Phillips. \n1836-38. . James M. Gordon, Alex. Persinger, Hiram Phillips. \n1838-40. Hiram Phillips, Matthew R. Arnold, Overton Harris \n1840-42. M. R. Arnold, J. W. Daly, Overton Harris. \n1842-46. Alex. Persinger, J. W. Daly, Gilpin S. Tuttle. \n1846-58. Alex Persinger, J. W. Daly, John Vaughan. \n1858-60. Alex. Persinger, J. W. Daly, John W. Hall. \n1860-62. J. W.Daly, J. W.Hall, Jar les Arnold. \n1862-63. J. W. Daly, James Arnold, Hiram Phillips. \n1863-65. J. W. Daly, James Arnold, David Gordon. \n1865-66. J. W. Daly, David Gordon, Jchn Berkebile. \n1866-70. James Arnold, John W. Hall, o ames Harris. \n1870-72. James Arnold, James Harris, David Gordon. ^ \n1872-74. James Harris, David Gordon, J. Y. Batterton. \n1874-76. J. Y. Batterton, Hail T. Wright, Jesse A. Boulton. \n1876-78. James Harris, J. Y. Batterton, David Pipes. \n1878-80. David Pipes, James Harris, W. F. Roberts. \n^1880-82. David Pipes, W. F. Roberts, W. P. Tuttle. \nCounty Clerks. \n\nWarren Woodson. ^ 1867-69. Warren Woodson. \n\nJ. B. Douglass. 1869-74. Henry N. Cook. \n\n1874 to . W. W. Batterton (present incumbent). \n\nCircuit Judges. \n\nDavid Todd. 1840^7. John D. Leland. \n\nThomas Reynolds. 1847-62. Wm.- A. Hall. \n\n1862 to present, George H. Burckhardt. \nCircuit Attorneys. \n\nH. R. Gamble. 1852-56. \n\nAbiel Leonard. 1856-60. \n\nCharles French. 1860-62, \n\nJohn Wilson. 1862-64. \n\nRobert W. Wells. 1864-68. \n\nW. B. Napton. 1868-72. \n\nSamuel N. Bay. 1872-74. \n\nJ. M. G-ordon. 1874-80. \n\nC. H. Hardin. 1880-82. \n\nCircuit Clerks. \n\n\n\nR. T. Prewitt. \nJohn F. Williams. \nH. M. Porter. \nA. J. Harbison. \nW. C. Barr. \nJohn H. Overall. \nWellington Gordon. \nShannon C. Douglass. \nJ. DeW. Robinson. \n\n\n\nRoger North Todd. \nRobert L. Todd. \n\nOverton Harri?. \nJames Barnes. \nH. Jamison. \nT. C. Maupin. \nWm. S. Burch. \nJohn S. Martin. \nF. A. Hamilton. \nT. C. Maupin. \nW. T. Hickman. \n\n\n\n1876-82. \n\n\n\n1866-74. \n\n\nJohn M. Samuel. \n\n\n1874-83. \n\n\nW. W. Garth. \n\n\nSheriffs. \n\n1850-54. \n\n\nJ. B. Douglass. \n\n\n1854-58. \n\n\nJere Orear. \n\n\n1858-62. \n\n\nJohn M. Samuel. \n\n\n1862-64. \n\n\nJ. H. Waugb. \n\n\n1864-66. \n\n\nJ. F. Baker. \n\n\n1866-68. \n\n\nJ. C. Orr. \n\n\n1868-70. \n\n\nF. D. Evans. \n\n\n1870-72. \n\n\nJ. C. Orr. \n\n\n1872-76. \n\n\nJ. C. Gillaspy. \n\n\nJosiah W. Stone. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n^^ :\'0S:^ \n\n\n\n\'% \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n.# \n\n\n\n\'-^^ \n\n\n\n=^0.0^^ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n$ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nO N (? \n\n\n\nC> \n\n\n\n\xe2\x80\xa2^OO^\' \n\n\n\n^^ -^._ I \n\n\n\nv"^ \n\n\n\n.,<V \n\n\n\nj^V , " ^ \'\xe2\x96\xa0 , ^h A^ ... ^ \' " / \xe2\x96\xa0% a\\.\\ , > \n\n\n\n\\^ \n\n\n\n\ni^- \n\n\n\n^> ^^> \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n^.T\\ V- iQ Si * \'P^ ^ .li^\'fvif,^ ^ . ,\\TN - <3 \',, \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n^^\' ^\'^mmk/\\ \n\n\n\n\n\n\n'