1 A i > K . ' H n ) B Discussion Group Demonstration Rockland County New York BULLETIN NO. 2 CATHOLIC LAYMEN'S LEAGUE OF ORANGE AND ROCKLAND COUNTIES B o x 5, ORANGEBURG, N . Y . iscussion Group Demonstration Rockland County New York BULLETIN NO. 2 C A T H O L I C L A Y M E N ' S L E A G U E OP O R A N G E A N D R O C K L A N D C O U N T I E S B o x 5 , ORANGEBURG, N . Y . CATHOLIC L A Y M E N ' S L E A G U E O F O R A N G E A N D R O C K L A N D C O U N T I E S OFFICERS AND CHAIRMEN OF COMMITTEES FOR 1 9 3 8 Spiritual Director RT. REV. MSGR. HENRY O'CARROLL, V . F . OFFICERS President ARTHUR T . O'LEARY, Orangeburg (R. D . ) First Vice-President THOMAS J . SMITH, South Nyack Second Vice-President NEWTON F . RONAN, Nyack Third Vice-President RAYMOND F I N N , Cornwall-on-Hudson Treasurer F . H. ROESLER, Suffern Recording Secretary RICHARD T . LOUGHLIN, Piermont Corresponding Secretary LOUIS DOLAN, Pearl River Financial Secretary WILLIAM A . PFISTER, Haverstraw COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN Discussion Groups THOMAS J. SMITH, South Nyack Retreats HENRY V . STEBBINS, Tappan Liturgy JESSE J . HEAP, JR., Nyack Church Music PATRICK J . HASSAN, Tappan Catholic Lawyer's Guild GEORGE R. LANCHANTIN, Sparkill Catholic Physicians' Guild DR. WILLIAM J . RYAN, Pomona Young Men's Evidence Guild DONALD J . WALTERS, Nyack Speakers JAMES G. SINCLAIR, Monsey Public Relations FREDERICK G. WATSON, JR., Pearl River Press JOHN J . WHOLEY, Spring Valley Public Meetings ALPHONSE J . SCHROEDER, Nanuet DISCUSSION GROUP DEMONSTRATION AT the fifth annual meeting of the Catholic Lay- men's League of Orange and Rockland Counties, held in St. Anthony's Church Hall, Nanuet, N. Y., on May 10, 1938, a demonstration of a discussion group at work was given before a large number of the local clergy and about five hundred of the laity. The topic selected was, "Why a Discussion Group?" The aim was two-fold: First, to give evidence of what is being done by the discussion groups of the League and by others in Rockland County; and second, to show those present how to organize and conduct such a group ac- cording to the technique developed by the League groups. Although there had been one rehearsal, it had not been attended by all who took part in the demonstration, so that some of the public discussion was impromptu. The discussion was taken down by a court reporter, written out and edited. The demon- stration was so well received and there were so many enthusiastic comments from many who attended that it was decided to print the notes and append several discussion outlines that had stood the test of actual use. The demonstration was in charge of Thomas J. Smith, Ph.D., Director of Discussion Groups of the League. Those participating and the groups they represented are as follows: Louis J. DOLAN Central Discussion Group of Pearl River of Rockland County GEORGE R. LANCHANTIN Catholic Lawyers' Guild of Tappan of Rockland County DONALD WALTERS Young Men's Catholic of Nyack Evidence Guild of Rockland County Miss AGNES GLYNN St. Ann's Discussion Group of Nyack of Nyack MRS. BERNARD LEMIEUX Confraternity of Tappan of Tappan MRS. JOHN J . WHOLEY Ladies Sanctuary Society of Spring Valley y^SfiKSv Spring Valley Page Five Miss CATHERINE WILLIAMS of Orangeburg JAMES G. SINCLAIR of Monsey Miss CAROL INGRAM of Grand View Miss THERESA J . JAEGER of West Nyack JESSE HEAP, JR. of Nyack NEWTON F . RONAN of Nyack ICHABOD SCOTT of Orangeburg FRANK DUNNERY of Suffern CHARLES W . NEILL of Tappan Central Women's Discussion Group of Rockland County St. Rita's Discussion Group of Monsey Young Ladies' Discussion Group of Piermont St. Thomas Aquinas Discussion Group of Nanuet Central Discussion Group of Rockland County History Group of Orangetown Confraternity of Blauvelt Catholic Study Club of Suffern Confraternity of Tappan (Second Group) The members of the group were seated at the front of the hall. The audience was asked to imagine that they were listening in while the group talked over the question at hand in a room in the home of one of the members. The whole discussion was conducted in- formally, as are most of the meetings of the groups associated with the League. The leaders were: Dr. Smith, Miss Catherine Wil- liams, and Mr. Louis J. Dolan. The plan of the meet- ing may be outlined as follows: Dr. Smith sought to establish that there is a definite need for action by Catholics. Miss Williams pointed out that thought must precede action and that the discussion group is an excellent means of promoting Catholic thought. Mr. Dolan then indicated the procedure which, in the experience of the League, has proven effective in handling what may be called the mechanics of the dis- cussion group. The other members of the group asked questions, or answered those of others, or made sug- gestions as the discussion proceeded. Page Six THE DISCUSSION DR. SMITH: We may start with a truism: Action is the evidence of life; the absence of action is the sign of death. This has been applied to religion in the oft quoted statement that religion is everything or nothing. In no very deep sense is the passive Catholic really a Catholic. If one has the Faith, it is a part of his every act, the force by which he lives. If he does not live and act the Faith, it soon means nothing to him. We need not demonstrate at this point the con- fusion of thought existing in the world today. It is evident to the Catholic that the solution of the prob- lems facing the world is to be found in his Faith. Christ has said that He is the Way, the Truth and the Life. The Catholic claims to know Christ. If he makes such a claim, the obligation to organize his life on the teaching of Christ and His Church follows. Certainly his Faith will manifest itself in action. Whether or not we are active, the forces of irreligion are certainly active—active in almost every field of endeavor: the family, economic affairs, government, education, literature. If we have no evidence of this from our own experience, we should realize that the Pope is in a position to measure the condition of the world and hence be impressed by the statements in his Encyclical on Communism. What is our place as laymen in this situation? It would seem that the laymen should take an active part in promoting and advancing the cause of the Faith even to the extent of leadership, under proper guid- ance, in a number of fields, particularly in those fields in which he is regularly engaged and may have an op- portunity to apply and illustrate Catholic principles. Why should the Catholic engage in such activities? In the first place, the problems of the world are his problems. They touch his life. In the second place, the layman is a part of the Church Militant. Prob- lems that touch the Faith, that by which he lives, must necessarily be his problems. If we still hesitate, we Page Seven find that the Pope has called upon the layman to take an active part in Catholic life, has called for Catholic Action, and that he has defined it as "the participation of the laity in the apostolate of the Church's hier- archy." JUDGE LANCHANTIN: Isn't Catholic Action rather dangerous, and might it not lead to conflict between the clergy and laymen? DR. SMITH : It would seem quite clear, if we read the history of the Church, that it may. History indi- cates that a number of lay societies have shown a tendency to get out of hand and have had to be con- demned. We have to assume that there is that danger. JUDGE LANCHANTIN: Would you continue to pro- mote lay groups in view of that danger? DR. SMITH : The Pope has called for Catholic Ac- tion. We can safely assume he realizes this possi- bility more fully than we do. He has called for lay action. It is our duty as Catholics to respond. MRS. LEMIEUX: Should not the leadership be left to the priest? DR. SMITH: Yes, but the laity must also become active. MR. HEAP: I think that we laymen should under- take leadership to a certain extent. We make many more contacts than priests in our everyday life, at our work. We should study our religion so that when questions come up we may be able to answer them. MR. RONAN: What would you suggest as the first step toward Catholic Action? DR. SMITH: Mr. Heap has stated that we should know the answers to questions which arise. If we as- sume that we are to take active part in Catholic Ac- tion, perhaps even to the extent of leadership, the first necessity is to find out what our problems are and what solution to them the Church presents. The Dis- cussion Group would seem to be a most direct ap- Page Eight proach—the first step. Miss Williams is prepared to tell us why the Discusion Group is a logical first step toward Catholic Action. Miss WILLIAMS: Just what is a Discussion Group? From the experience in our own community we may say that it is a group of people interested in a particu- lar subject who meet after reading authoritative works on the matter to talk over their ideas and in this way arrive at a better understanding of their problem—it is not a school, a course of lectures, nor a series of speeches, but the thinking out loud of individuals in the group. Why do we have Discussion Groups? 1. To learn the Catholic answer to the problems of the day. 2. To develop and clarify our knowledge of Chris- tian Doctrine. 3. To enable us to refute the attacks against the Church. 4. To increase our knowledge and love of God. 5. To increase our loyalty and gratitude for the Faith that God has so graciously given us. The first principle to be considered is that actions are motivated by thoughts. We have Catholic Action when we have Catholic thinking. As Catholic Action is a way of living, back of it we must have sound, accurate Catholic thinking. How do we know when we are thinking and acting as Catholics? A reason- able way would seem to be by reading and discussing Catholic literature and then following the Catholic viewpoint. We have been here only a short time, but the Church has endured for centuries. Therefore, it seems intelligent to turn to her for guidance in world problems. To what problems can we apply this Cath- olic thinking? What subjects can be considered for discussion? Every kind of problem, because Catholic Action is a way of living every day and every minute of the day. It is more inclusive than memorizing a Page Nine Catechism and attendance at required religious serv- ices. Examples of subjects are: Religion, Labor, His- tory, Literature, Poetry, Art, Theater, Science, Edu- cation, Philosophy, Psychology, Government, Law, the Family, and many others. Who can participate in these discussion groups? Everyone, because everyone goes as a humble worker —to give what he can and to take away what he can. What authority do we have for organizing such a group? From the Pope who said in an Encyclical: "It is necessary to promote a wider study of the so- cial problems in the light of the doctrine of the Church and under the aegis of her constituted authority." What is the procedure? To pursue the examina- tion of a particular subject, to listen to and discuss prepared articles, to think through the problems in- volved. This has been the usual procedure, but it is varied to meet the needs and inclinations of each group. Perhaps you are asking what has been the results of these discussion groups? I am certain that most members will agree with me that they have in- creased our knowledge, they have been a ways and means of building character and advancing true hap- piness. Really, the actual results cannot be measured by us in concrete terms because we believe that we are working for the glory of God. MRS. WHOLEY: If a Catholic knows his catechism and goes to Mass, has not he enough information and instruction without going to a discussion group? Miss WILLIAMS: The catechism is a condensed statement of the Faith. It is very difficult at times to apply the principles there stated to everyday prob- lems. In a discussion group we talk over our prob- lems with our people and under the guidance of our priests. MISS INGRAM : When children memorize their cate- chism they master the words, but they may miss ideas which the words express. When they get older and Page Ten discuss questions in groups, they get the fuller mean- ing. We may say that the catechism definitions take on life as we study them more deeply in the light of our experiences. JUDGE LANCHANTIN : Is the idea to have somebody read a paper and then all the members discuss the matter, and in that way reach the Catholic viewpoint of the problem? Miss WILLIAMS: Yes. JUDGE LANCHANTIN: HOW do you know that you have in fact gotten the Catholic viewpoint? Miss WILLIAMS: At the meetings we have a spiritual director who pays close attention to the con- clusions which we draw. He is ready to offer the necessary corrections. MR. HEAP : Is it necessary to have a lot of educa- tion to join one of these groups? MR. SINCLAIR: All men regardless of education or lack of it find certain problems in their lives. Quite frequently men with very little education will see prob- lems more clearly because they are not confused with mere theory. When these discussion groups reach every member, we are succeeding; if they don't, we are failing. MR. SCOTT: AS you know, I am not a college man and have not had any too much school education and most of the men who attend the Holy Name Society meetings in our little parish have not had much, but I do know that I and some of those men became more interested and more active in our Holy Name Society when men like us were given work to do like reading a pamphlet and then telling the Society about what we read. Of course, we could not have done it without the help of our Spiritual Director, but it was a great help to me and to the others, and certainly built up our Society better than when we tried to get along by bringing in outside speakers. Page Eleven Miss GLYNN: Could a person derive the same benefit from reading these Catholic works by himself? Miss WILLIAMS: No, the same benefit cannot be so derived. Suppose a subject has many phases; un- less one can devote most of his time to reading, he would have time to observe only one phase, or perhaps two or three. In a discussion group he discusses it with a dozen or more interested persons and it is bound to receive the benefit of their study and reac- tions. Miss JAEGER: Has the discussion group method proven successful? Miss WILLIAMS: It has been used in adult educa- tion classes with marked success. MR. WALTERS: In our own group, and I believe it is the experience of most of the groups in the county, the preparation of papers and their discussion has brought about an understanding of, or at least an in- telligent interest in, a number of problems. DR. SMITH : The third phase of the subject is the mechanics of a discussion group. Mr. Dolan proposes to tell us how a discussion group works. MR. DOLAN: Dr. Smith has shown the need of ac- tion. Miss Williams has told us that perhaps the best answer is a discussion group. How do you go about forming one? The first thing you need is a leader— with that one man and two or three of his friends, you have a group. Of course he cannot keep that group going by himself. Besides a leader we must have ecclesiastical approval. Most groups operate within the confines of a parish, so the source of approval is the pastor. He is the spiritual director. Two or three would be a small group, but more than twenty would be too large a group. Many of our groups run twelve to sixteen or seventeen. If you have a larger group it is too easy to make the discussion a lecture rather than a talk among the members. Page Twenty-three As to the place of meetings: it has been our expe- rience that the homes of members are perhaps the best. Small clubrooms are satisfactory, but a large hall is usually unsatisfactory. The danger again is that the leader will give a speech or lecture at the group rather than lead a discussion. Many of our groups rotate from one member's home to another. We have found also that a social atmosphere about the meetings of the group is a desirable thing. That must not take preced- ence over the real purpose of the group meeting. How many times should a group meet ? That varies according to the inclination of the members. Many of our groups meet once a month with the exception of July and August, others twice a month. Some have a series of weekly meetings, nine in a row, and then a vacation before starting the next series. When a group has been formed, the important ques- tion arises: "What are we going to discuss?" Miss Williams has suggested a number of subjects. Our own experience leads us to add a few words. We can study with great interest the Mass and the history of the Church, or different economic and social problems. It is important that the subjects taken up be those de- sired by a majority of the group. We have found that most of those who did not start with the Mass as the first subject have to come back to it. The Mass to Cath- olics is the fundamental thing. How many problems have been solved when we understand something about the Mass. It is the most important thing in our lives. You have seen here tonight how groups operate. I need not repeat in detail what you have observed. As to the sources of material for reading and study: The Catholic Encyclopedia is usually available. A num- ber of our libraries have a Catholic book shelf or at least some Catholic books. Those who own Catholic books may be willing to lend them so that others may receive the benefit of reading them. The purchase of a different book dealing with a particular subject by each member of a group supplies the nucleus of a li- brary. Excellent pamphlets, many of which contain Page Thirteen study outlines, are published by the following: America Press, International Catholic Truth Society, Liturgical Press, National Catholic Welfare Confer- ence, Paulist Press, Wanderer Printing Company, Queen's Work, and Sunday Visitor Press. MR. NEILL: Suppose a person doesn't like to read or doesn't have time to read, does he get any benefit from joining a group? MR. DOLAN : If he hasn't time to read, he ought to belong to a group to get information. If he attends once or twice, his interest will be aroused and he will want to read. MR. DUNNERY : The Catholic Laymen's League was organized to fight propaganda detrimental to the Cath- olic Church. If we keep its activities within the dis- cussion groups, no more than ten or twelve people in each group will have any advantage and that chiefly, if not solely, the advantage of information. What are we going to do to get it in the hands of men who can fight for its principles in everyday life? MR. NEILL: All the members of the group are in everyday life. They certainly have dealings in differ- ent walks of life where they meet people who are ene- mies of the Church. Members of the group are pre- pared to meet their objections. JUDGE LANCHANTIN: If one starts thinking as a Catholic, he will begin to act as a Catholic, and then you can't help impressing and influencing others. MR. DUNNERY: Your group is greatly in the minority among Catholic laymen. There must be a method whereby these groups can spread out and un- dertake more active work. DR. SMITH: That was the purpose of tonight's meeting. In attempting to answer Mr. Dunnery, we may remind others of the repeated debate between those who stress the examination and enunciation of principles and those who wish to see definite activity Page Fourteen manifested by observable and immediate results. In at least two of the groups that problem, in somewhat different form than the question has taken tonight, has been one of the bones of contention since the very- beginning. Some think that the way to test the effec- tiveness of our activity is to have something to show that everyone can easily see and recognize; they wish to do something that can be definitely pointed out or measured. On the other hand, there are some who believe as Judge Lanchantin has suggested, that if we think and live as Catholics, sound principles are bound to influence our lives. They are not therefore anxious at this stage to undertake a definite program of am- bitious, external activities. The hope is that our work is effective and that its lessons are translated into life. For four years this point has been argued in various groups and the final answer has not been given. We now invite questions from the audience. Q. Is the discussion group idea really spreading? DR. SMITH: Our experience indicates that when a group wishes to organize there is little difficulty in ob- taining a director and setting to work. This is evi- denced here tonight by the number of groups repre- sented. These were organized in recent years and un- der various auspices. It is our hope that they will increase. Q. In spite of what has been said about the proper size for a group, I believe that a large group is de- sirable ; thus, a group of sixteen people is better than a group of twelve. JUDGE LANCHANTIN : It does not reach sixteen peo- ple as effectively as twelve, as each of the smaller num- ber will take a more active part. When a group at- tains a membership of over twenty, it is better to di- vide it. DR. SMITH : We shall at this point end our discus- sion so the meeting of the League may continue. Page Seventeen TOPICS FOR DISCUSSION A list of six topics, with their chief divisions, which various Rockland County groups have followed with interest, is appended. No bibliography, except for three topics, is supplied as each group will make use of the best books available. The spiritual director and leader will be fully competent to indicate a satisfac- tory division of subject matter and to suggest suitable references. However, the opportunity to mention two particularly important books should not be lost: Cicognani et al.—"A Call to Catholic Action" (2 vols.). Civardi—"A Manual of Catholic Action." Addresses of several publishers of pamphlets are given in the hope that some readers may find the list a convenience: America Press, 53 Park Place, New York, N. Y. International Catholic Truth Society, 405 Bergen Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Liturgical Press, Collegeville, Minn. National Catholic Welfare Conference, 1312 Massa- chusetts Avenue, Washington, D. C. Paulist Press, 401 West 59th Street, New York, N. Y. Queen's Work, 3742 West Pine Boulevard, St. Louis, Mo. Sunday Visitor Press, Huntington, Ind. Wanderer Printing Company, 128 East 10th Street, St. Paul, Minn. Page Seventeen THE MASS1 I . SACRIFICE—ITS MEANING AND HISTORY. I I . SACRIFICE IN THE OLD TESTAMENT. I I I . T H E SACRIFICE OF CHRIST. I V . T H E MASS, A REAL SACRIFICE. V . PARTICIPATION OF THE LAITY IN THE MASS. V I . T H E PARTS OF THE MASS. V I I . T H E MISSAL. V I I I . T H E CEREMONIES AND VESTMENTS OF THE MASS. I X . MANNER OF ASSISTING AT MASS. X . T H E OBLIGATION AND FRUITS OF ASSISTING AT MASS. THE MASS 2 I . SACRIFICE. 1. Definition. Ancient, pagan and Old Testament sacri- fices. '(Pamphlet, "Why the Mass, pages 5-15; pam-phlet, "My Sacrifice and Yours," pages 17-23.) 2. The Sacrifice of Christ—Last Supper and Calvary. (Pamphlet, "Why the Mass," pages 16-22; pam-phlet, "My Sacrifice and Yours," pages 11-16; Grimaud's book, "My Mass," pages 77, 78.) I I . PRIESTHOOD. 1. Of Christ, of the Church and of the clergy. (Grimaud's book, "My Mass," pages 3-14.) 2. Of the laity. (Pamphlet, "The Spirit of the Liturgy," chapter 3, pages 21-35; Grimaud's book, "My Mass," pages 3-14, 38-47.) 1 Each member of the group was supplied with a copy of McGlade—"My Sacrifice and Yours." McGlade—"Instructions on the Mass." Those who prepared papers had access to Grimaud-Newcomb, "My Mass" (Benziger ' s ) . Michel—"My Sacrifice and Yours" (Li turgical Press , Collegeville, Minn . ) . 2 This prel iminary sketch is based on the experience of three different groups in their discussions of this exceedingly interest ing subject. Page Seventeen I I I . T H E MYSTICAL BODY OF CHRIST AND THE MASS. 1. What the Mystical Body is. (Pamphlet, "The True Basis of Christian Soli- darity," pages 1-16; pamphlet, "The Mysical Body of Christ," The Catholic Mind of February 22, 1937; Grimaud's book, "My Mass," pages 15- 36.) 2. The Sacrifice of the Mystical Body. (Grimaud's book, "My Mass," pages 36-53; pam-phlet, "The Eucharistic Sacrifice," Lesson 15.) I V . T H E MASS AND CATHOLIC ACTION. 1. The two modern movements to restore to the laity their active participation in the Mass (The Litur- gical Movement) and also in the apostolate of the bishops (Catholic Action). 2. The intimate connection between the Mass and Cath-olic Action. (Pamphlet, "The Liturgy and the Layman," chapters I and I I ; pamphlet, Jaeger, in The Catholic Mind of January 8, 1935.) V. T H E LAITY'S LOSS OF ACTIVE SHARING IN THE MASS AND THE CURE. The loss— t. Present conditions and rise of individualism. (Pamphlet, Beauduin's "Liturgy, the Life of the Church," chapters II and III, pages 17-32.) The cure— 2. Restoration of active sharing or lay participation in the Mass—(Discussion Groups—the Missal—the Dialogue Mass, etc.). (The Catholic Mind of February 22, 1937, pam-phlet, "Divine Worship.") V I . T H E TRUE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MASS. 1. What it is not. More than (a) a prayer or drama, (b) merely suggesting episodes of passion, (c) for Eucharistic adoration or (d) Transubstantiation alone. 2. What it is. Gift to God of Christ or of Christ and ourselves through the action of sacrifice. (Pamphlet, "My Sacrifice and Yours," pages 17-32; the Mass prayers of the Offertory and Canon.) Page Eighteen V I I . T H E MASS STRUCTURE. 1. The Sacrifice-Oblation. (Offertory and Consecration.) (Pamphlet, "The Mass Drama," pages 32-46.) 2. The Sacrifice-Banquet. (Holy Communion.) (Pamphlet, "The Mass Drama," pages 47-56, The Catholic Mind of May 8, 1932.) V I I I . INSTRUCTIONS AND PRAYERS IN THE MASS. 1. The Mass of the Catechumens. (Pamphlet, "My Sacrifice and Yours," pages 57- 62; pamphlet, "Mass Drama," pages 17-24.) 2. The Mass of the Faithful. (Pamphlet, "Mass Drama," pages 25-56; pam-phlet, "My Sacrifice and Yours," pages 24-56.) I X . EXTERNALS OP THE MASS. 1. The altar and appurtenances. (Pamphlet, "Altar and Sanctuary," a study club outline; pamphlet, Smyth's "The Ceremonies of the Mass.") 2. The vestments. (Pamphlet, Smyth's "The Ceremonies of the Mass.") X . T H E CHURCH'S PRAYERS OUTSIDE THE MASS. 1. The Church Year (temporal cycle). (Pamphlet, "The Liturgical Year," "Liturgical Catechism," Section IV.) 2. The Breviary—Exemplification of Compline recom-mended. (Pamphlet, "The Breviary and the Laity"; pam-phlet of Compline, "Into Thy Hands.") Pamphlets referred to: The Liturgical Press, Collegeville, Minn., publishes the following: Traufler-Michel: "Why the Mass," 10 cents. Michel: "My Sacrifice and Yours," 25 cents. Caronti-Michel: "The Spirit of the Liturgy," 35 cents. Hellriegel-Jasper: "The True Basis of Christian Solidarity," 10 cents. Page S e v e n t e e n "The Eucharistie Sacrifice" (a study club outline), 10 cents. McMurtrie-Kreuter-Michel : "The Liturgy and the Layman," 8 cents. Beauduin-Michel : "Liturgy the Life of the Church," 35 cents. Pinsk-Busch: "Divine Worship," 10 cents. Busch: "The Mass Drama," 35 cents. "The Liturgical Year" (a study club outline), 10 cents. Hoornaert : "The Breviary and the Laity," 35 cents. "Into Thy Hands" (Compline), 10 cents. Bellanti : "The Mystical Body of Christ," 10 cents, Paulist Press, 401 West 59th Street, New York City. Smyth: "The Ceremonies of the Mass," 10 cents, Paulist Press, 401 West 59th Street, New York City. The Catholic Mind, 5 cents, America Press, 53 Park Place, New York City. "Altar and Sanctuary," 25 cents, Catholic Action Committee, 424 North Broadway, Wichita, Kans. Books referred to and recommended: Bussard : "The Sacrifice," $1.00, Leaflet Missal, 244 Dayton Avenue, St. Paul, Minn. McMahon : "Liturgical Catechism," $1.00, M. H. Gill & Son, Dublin, Eire, and Liturgical Press. Grimaud-Newcomb : "My Mass," $2.50, Benziger Bros., 26 Park Place, New York City. Michel-Stegmann : "Through Christ Our Lord" (book eight of "Christ Life Series in Re- ligion"), $0.84, Macmillan Co., 60 Fifth Ave- nue, New York City. Page Twenty-three SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF "THE NEW TESTAMENT" 8 READINGS FOR ALL TOPICS The New Testament. Fouard, "Life of Christ." Fillion, "Life of Christ." Pope, "Layman's New Testament." "The Catholic Encyclopedia." Gigot, "New Testament History." Christian Brothers, "Exposition of Christian Doc- trine." SUBJECTS 1. T H E GOSPELS. Batlifol, "The Credibility of the Gospels." I I . T H E DIVINITY OP CHRIST. See above. I I I . CHRIST IN THE CHURCH. D'Arcy, "Life of the Church." I V . T H E NATURE OF MAN. "Man," Cambridge Catholic Summer School. Maher, "Psychology." V. T H E CATHOLIC AND PROPERTY. "On the Condition of Labor," Leo XIII. "Forty Years After," Pius XI. Ryan, "Catholic Doctrine of Property." V I . T H E CATHOLIC AND THE STATE. Ryan and Millar, "The Church and the State." Ryan, "The Catholic Church and the Citi- zen." 8 1. "The New Tes tament" ia to be the chief source fo r all papers . 2. This list is not inclusive—a number of books a re available on each su ject. p a m p h [ e t 8 o n t h e v a r i o u B 8 U b j e c t s can be purchased easily and cheaply. Page Twenty-three V I I . T H E CATHOLIC AND THE POOR. Grady, "The Catholic Church and the Desti- tute." V I I I . CATHOLIC MARRIAGE. Gigot, "Christ's Teaching on Divorce." Gillis, "The Catholic Church and the Family." Gerard, "Marriage and Parenthood." "On Christian Marriage," Pius XI. THE PROTESTANT REVOLUTION I . BACKGROUND. I I . LUTHER. I I I . CALVIN. I V . T H E REVOLUTION IN ENGLAND TO ELIZABETH. V . T H E WORK OP ELIZABETH. V I . ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE REVOLUTION. V I I . SOCIAL EFFECTS. V I I I . T H E CATHOLIC REFORMATION. I X . GREAT PERSONALITIES OF THE CATHOLIC REF- ORMATION. X . INFLUENCE OF THE PROTESTANT REVOLUTION ON THE CHURCH. Page Twenty-two CATHOLICS IN AMERICA I . 1. MARYLAND. 2. POSITION OF CATHOLICS IN OTHER COLONIES. I I . 1. FRENCH MISSIONARIES IN THE UNITED STATES. 2. JESUIT MARTYRS. I I I . 1. SPANISH MISSIONARIES IN THE UNITED STATES. 2. T H E CALIFORNIA MISSIONS. I V . 1. POSITION OF CATHOLICS AT THE TIME OF THE REVOLUTION. 2. CATHOLIC LEADERS IN THE REVOLUTION. V . 1. CATHOLIC POSITIONS IN THE NEW REPUBLIC. 2. T H E ESTABLISHMENT OF THE HIERARCHY. V I . 1. EARLY CATHOLIC HIGHER EDUCATION. 2. T H E BEGINNINGS OF THE PAROCHIAL SCHOOLS. V I I . 1. CATHOLIC GROWTH THROUGH IMMIGRATION. 2. T H E CHURCH AND THE IMMIGRANTS' AD- JUSTMENT TO AMERICAN LIFE. V I I I . 1. T H E TRUSTEE MOVEMENT—MANIFESTATIONS. 2. DANGERS AND SOLUTION. I X . 1. ANTI-CATHOLIC BIGOTRY BEFORE THE CIVIL WAR. 2. MORE RECENT WAVES OF PREJUDICE. X . 1. CATHOLIC PRINCIPLES IN OUR SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT. 2. T H E CATHOLIC AND THE PUBLIC SCHOOL. X I . 1. OLD RELIGIOUS ORDERS AND AMERICAN LIFE. 2. T H E PAULISTS AND MARYKNOLL. X I I . 1. EARLY HISTORY OF THE CHURCH IN ROCK- LAND COUNTY. 2. ITS PRESENT POSITION. Page Twenty-three COMMUNISM I . EARLY HISTORY OF COMMUNISM. I I . T H E INFLUENCE OF MARX. I I I . COMMUNIST ECONOMICS. I V . T H E PHILOSOPHY OF COMMUNISM. V . T H E RUSSIAN REVOLUTION. V I . COMMUNISM AS A WORLD MOVEMENT. V I I . COMMUNIST PROPAGANDA. V I I I . T H E PRESENT SITUATION IN EUROPE. I X . COMMUNISM IN THE UNITED STATES. X . WHAT HAVE W E TO LEARN FROM THE COM- MUNISTS? Page Twenty-three