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OUT OF the terrible world crisis of our 
times comes the work of the future-Chris-
tian Reconstruction in every walk of life and 
all over the world. Whole nations must be 

, rebuilt and whole generations must be re-
- educated. 

WE MUST "win the peace" that follows 
the Second World War; but this will not, 
cannot be done at a "Peace Conference." It 
will be done, if it is done at all, by a long, 
long process of Christian Education, Chris-
tian Charity, and Christian Organization-

. just the kind of work done preeminently by 

. the Religious Orders. 

YOUR LIFE will be lived during this 
great period of reconstruction. What will 
your part be in the great task? Are you 
'generous enough to dedicate your whole life 
to carrying forward the work of Christ in 
the world? 

THIS LITTLE pamphlet outlines the his-
tory, organization, and work of one of the 
Religious Societies which will help to shoul-
der the burden of the coming reconstruc-
tion. If it interests you, get in touch with 
4 local institution of the Society, or with one 
of the Motherhouses whose address is car-
ried on the rear cover. 

IMPRIMI POTEST 

Walter C. Tredtin, S.M. 

Superior Provincial 



THE 

MARIANISTS 

Rev. Edwin Leimkuhler, S.M. 

President, Trinity College 

Sioux City, Iowa 

The Mount St. John Press 
Dayton, Ohio 

1943 

B 



T HE SOCIETY OF 
MARY (whose members 
are called the MARIAN-
ISTS to distinguish them 
from another Society of 
Mary, the Marists) is the 
legacy of Very Reverend 
William Joseph Chami-
nade, priest, educator, and 
saintly founder. He was 
one of those great rebuild-
ers of Christianity in the 
new France that arose af-
ter the Revolution. Not 
only did he help to re-

plant the faith in that country, but through 
the work of the two great religious families 
which he founded, the Society of Mary and 
the Daughters of Mary, the cause of Christ 
and devotion to Mary have been advanced 
in many countries of the world. 

World Wide Society 

The Society was an outgrowth of the vast 
sodality work of Father Chaminade which 
included some three thousand souls in and 
around Bordeaux, France. On October 2, 
1817, seven of the young men sodalists pre-
sented themselves to him to found the Soci-
ety of Mary. Other members soon joined 
them and the little Society spread to other 
cities of France. In 1824 the first foundation 
was made in Alsace. Since that time foun~ 
dations have been made in the following 



countries and territories: Switzerland 1839, 
United States of America 1849, Germany 
1852, Austria 1857, Belgium 1874, Canada 
1880, Tripoli 1881, Tunisia 1882, Hawaiian 
Islands 1883, Japan 1887, Spain 1887, Italy 
1887, Luxembourg 1899, Syria 1900, China 
(first entry) 1903, Mexico 1904, Spanish 
Morocco 1915, Puerto Rico 1930, Argentina 
1933, China (reentry) 1933, Turkey 1938, 
Peru 1939. 

Countries where the Marianists now have establishments are 

printed solid. Those where establishments have been closed 

are shaded. Numbers show how many members there are in 

each country or territory. 





Father Chaminade 

William Joseph Chaminade was born in 
Perigueux, a small city of France about 60 
miles northeast of Bordeaux, on the eighth 
of April, 1761, of pious parents. He was the 
youngest of thirteen children. His oldest 
brother was a Jesuit, another was a Recol-
lect, a religious body no longer in existence, 
and a third was a member of the secular cler-
gy. All of the Chaminade children received 
a thorough Catholic education. William at-
tended the parish school of Perigueux, the 
College of Mussidan, the University of Bor-
deaux, and the seminary of St. Sulpice in 
Paris where he was ordained and received 
the degree of Doctor of Divinity. 

After William's ordination the three Cha-
minade brothers assumed complete control 
of the College of Mussidan, under whose able 
management a new era of prosperity set in. 
Father Chaminade remained here as profes-
sor and procurator for six years until the 
outbreak of the Revolution. Besides fulfill-
ing his duties at the college he found time to 
act as chaplain at the local hospital and to 
interest himself in many religious, ecclesias-
tical, and social affairs of the diocese. 

The Revolution 

In 1791 France was in an upheaval. The 
French assembly voted upon the civil consti-
tution of the clergy, and the terrors of per-
secution began to spread throughout that 
country. All priests were forbidden to exer-
cise their ministry, under pain of death by 
the guillotine. When called upon to take the 
oath, Father Chaminade not only refused but 
even preached upon the necessity of defying 
the authorites for proscribing the clergy. He 
also published a pamphlet in answer to an 



attack upon the faithful clergy made by oth-
ers who had taken the oath. 

In consequence of this stand, the College 
of Mussidan was forced to close its doors, 
and William sought a safer retreat in Bor-
deaux. He purchased a villa in the suburbs 
of the city and brought his parents to as-
sume proprietorship while he effaced him-
self as completely as possible in order the 
more securely to carry to the faithful the 
aid and consolation of religion. 

The Reign of Terror 

Every day for the ten months of the Ter-
ror at- Bordeaux, the zealous priest under 
various disguises, faced the gravest dangers. 
Most frequently he wore a working blouse, 
carried a kettle and a kit of tools and 
trudged along as a tinker. Children of the 
house where he was wanted by appointment 
would be sent as pickets to watch for the 
"tinker." 

He was known to many in the city and 
Revolutionary agents were also . aware that 
he had not emigrated. Once while disguised 
as a peddler of needles he was pursued and 
sought refuge in a cooper's shop and es-
caped by hiding under the very barrel the 
cooper was making. Even in the confines of 
his own villa he was often saved by the re-
sourcefulness of a faithful, talkative maid. 
On one occasion the police entered his prop-
erty so unexpectedly that the servant had 
only time to upset a empty wash tank over 
him in the kitchen. After a fruitless search, 
the maid had the arrogance to serve the po-
lice a drink on the over-turned tank. When 
referring to this later, Father Chaminade 
would comment that "only the thickness of 
a board stood between me and the guillo-
tine." 



Exile in Spain 

This life of alarms and uncertainty lasted 
for more than three years. Twenty.of the 
forty priests who remained in Bordeaux met 
death by the guillotine. There was a lull in 
the penal laws of 1795 and Father Chami-
nade thought this a forerunner of lasting 
peace. He legally moved to the center of the 
city and openly began work among the 
young. But very soon new laws were enact-
ed requiring non-juring priests to leave the 
country within twenty-four hours. The 
stroke was so unexpected that Father Cha-
minade was summoned to take the oath and 
upon refusing was served with a passport 
to Spain. 

Providence led him to the city of Sara-
gossa where there is a national shrine of Our 
Lady of the Pillar. He spent three years of 
retreat in this city preparing himself for the 
real work of his life. There is a pious tradi-
tion in the Society that the Blessed Virgin 
appeared to him in the hallowed shrine and 
outlined his future apostolate and the found-
ing of the two Societies. 

Apostle of the Young 

When Bonaparte assumed control of af-
fairs in France, churches were reopened and 
exiled priests were invited to return. Father 
Chaminade returned to Bordeaux as quickly 
as possible, opened an oratory and began 

Basilica of Our Lady 

of the Pillar, Sara-

gossa, Spain. 



again to work among the young. Very soon 
thousands of young men and women came 
under his direction from various classes of 
society. In a few years their activities were 
so fruitful that Cardinal Donnet could justly 
say that "if any work of piety or charity 
were traced to its origin the name Father 
Chaminade would be found at the very 
source." 

Marian Democracy 

The Society of Mary was founded in 1817 
from seven members of the sodality for 
young men. Two were preparing for the 
priesthood, one was a college professor, two 
were business men, and two were tradesmen. 
Thus from the very beginning the Society 
embodied in itself priests as well as lay mem-
bers, and the latter were either professional 
men or workingmen. This union in a com-
mon life seemed a bold innovation, though 

. the practice was in vogue in the earlier re-
ligious orders of the Church. Even \ ~ome 
took exception to the arrangement anti sug-

A mural painting in the Chapel at Mount St. 

John, depicting the foundation of the Society of 

Mary. 

The 

First 

Vows, 

Dec., 

1817. 



A Marianist priest 

in charge of a Mexi-

can Mission in the 

Southwest, with his 

Lay Catechists. 

gested certain modifications. But the prac-
tical application of "union without confu-
sion," wisely outlined by the Founder, was 
able to show most happy results. The Soci-
ety was not to be an association of priests 
having the lay members as aids for certain 
services, nor was it to be an association of 
lay 'members having among them a few 
priests for those ministrations which require 
the sacerdotal office. The three categories, 
priests, professional men, and working men 
were intimately united into one corporate 
religious body. 

Forerunner of Catholic Action 

Father Chaminade adapted the means of 
the apostolate to the needs of the age as well 
as to the spirit of the times. One of the most 
striking ways of showing how well he suc-
ceeded in the adaptation to modern needs is 
to compare the Decree of Commendation of 
the Society of Mary issued a century ago, 

Left: Marianist printers at a cylinder press. 

Right: A Marianist 'teacher in the classroom. 



under the Pontificate of Gregory XVI, with 
the documents of the Pontificate of Pius XI 
which describe Catholic Action. The corre-
spondence in aim and even in details of 
method often run S0 parallel that Father 
Chaminade has justly been called by many 
commentators, even outside his societies, a 
"Forerunner of Modern Catholic Action." 
In this decree of Gregory XVI (April, 1839) 
the phrases which have become so popular 
in recent years are clearly foreshadowed: 
Cooperation of the Laity in the Apostolate 
of the Hierarchy - Lay Apqstolate in every 
walk of life - Apostolate of like by like. 
Integration of the apostolate with Christian 
social and professional life ... , etc. 

Modern Religious 

A further evidence of this spirit of adap-
tation of religious life is the notable absence 
of any external form of religion. Father 
Chaminade wished the Society to have no 
religious garb distinct from that of seculars. 

But the religious of the Society assume 
without mitigation the various obligations of 
the three vows of religion, poverty, chastity, 
and obedience, to which a fourth vow is 
added at the time of final profession, namely, 
the vow of stability. 

A Gift from God 

The latter does not only bind the members 
of the Society to permanency in their voca-
tion, but it does so in the name of Mary. It 
is then an act of Consecration to Mary by 
which the members esteem her as their 
Mother and endeavor to reproduce in them-
selves the love, the honor, and respect that 
Jesus Himself had for her. This devotion of 
"Filial Piety" toward Mary was lovingly re-
ferred to- by Father Chaminade as a "gift 



Father Chaminade preferred the name "The Family of Mary" 

for the Society he founded. "Oh, what a powerful means to 

be formed to the likeness of Christ, to have for our mother 

the v~ry Mother of Christ." 

from God." Not only does this thought serve 
as the motivating principle of perfection but 
it is also the reason for the apostolic works 
of the Society and its members. "The Soci-
ety has then, in . reality, but one object in 
view - the most faithful imitation of Jesus 
Christ, Son of God, become Son of Mary for 
the salvation of mankind." (Constitutions 
of the Society of Mary.) Thus the members 
"become the sons of Mary" in imitation of 
Christ, for the same reason which He had 
ih His Incarnation, namely, "the salvation 
of mankind." 



Universal Apostolate 

It was but natural for the first members 
to devote themselves to education, extend-
ing their ministrations and sphere of influ-
ence to every level from the elementary 
grades to the university, conducting regular 
schools as well as orphanages, technical, and 
normal schools. This has remained the prin-
cipal work of the Society, though it is not 
given to it exclusively. Father Chaminade 
allowed for any sort of apostolate compati-
ble with the rules. 

Remarkable Growth 

Before the death of the Founder, the So-
ciety numbered four provinces, sixty estab-
lishments, and nearly 500 members in 
France, Switzerland, and America. At the 
present time there are some 2500 members 
with many foundations in various countries 
of the world. The American foundations 
comprise some 800 members in two prov-

The tomb of Father 

Chaminade in the Car-

thusian Cemetery, Bor-

deaux, France. 



Right: Maryhurst, Kirk-

wood, Mo., Motherhouse of 

the St. Louis Province. -

Below: Air view of Mount 

St. John, Headquarters of 

the Cincinnati Province. 

inces, one of which has its headquarters at 
Mount St. John, Dayton, Ohio, and the oth-
er at Maryhurst, Kirkwood, Missouri. 

American Foundation 

The American Province of the Society of 
Mary was established in the year 1849, dur-
ing the life time of Father Chaminade, by 
one of his most devoted disciples, Father 
Leo Meyer. The first foundation in this vast 

'new country was made ,at Holy Trinity 
Church, Cincinnati, where the Society was 
given the direction of the parish school. 

When Father Meyer and Brother Charles 
Schultz arrived in Cincinnati a violent chol-
era epidemic was raging in that vicinity and 
claiming two and three hundred victims a 
d~y. The newcomers delayed organizing the 
school for the time and Father Meyer of-
fered his services to the Most Reverend 
John B. Purcell, Bishop of Cincinnati, who 
was in great need of priests who could speak 
German. The Bishop sent him at once to 
assist the pastor of Emmanuel Church, in 
Dayton, Ohio. 



University of Dayton 

While ministering to the faithful in Day-
ton, Father Leo Meyer met Mr. John Stuart, 
a good Catholic Scotsman and a descendant 
of the royal family of the Stuarts. This gen-
tleman wanted to return to France, where 
he had large property interests, and there-
fore offered to sell his entire Dayton estate, 
the Dewberry Farm. Father Meyer was 
permitted to negotiate the transaction and 
settled with Mr. Stuart for a medal of St. 
Joseph and the promise that the Saint would 
see to it that the debt would be paid. It 
took some time, but St. Joseph kept his 
promise. 

This foundation in 1849 became the head-
quarters of the new Society in America. A 
school was opened and it prospered through 
the years in spite of severe reverses by fire. 
The school underwent many changes from 
a country day and boarding school in the 

The University of Dayton, A Marianist University. 



Another Marianist University, St. Mary's of San Antonio. 

early days, to the present beautiful campus 
of the University of Dayton, with a total 
enrolment of nearly two thousand students. 

St. Mary's University, San Antonio, Texas 

In 1852 another colony of Brothers set-
tled in San Antonio, Texas. At that time 
this city was little more than a military post. 
The town grew and so did the school. Dur-
ing and after the Civil War, San Antonio 
maintained its supremacy m the mcreasing 
trade with Mexico. The little ' school of San 
Fernando grew into St. Louis College in a 
new location. Continued expansion over the 
years marked the progress of this institu-
tion which changed its name to St. Mary's 
College and then to St. Mary's University, 
of San A.ntonio, Texas. 

Trinity College, Sioux City, Iowa 

In 1930, the Marianists assumed control of 
Trinity College, in Sioux City, Iowa. It is a 
Senior Liberal Arts College, offering de-
grees in Arts and Sciences, and serves as 

A Marianist College : Tr inity Colleg e, Sioux City, Iowa. 



the Preparatory Seminary of the Sioux City 
Diocese. 

Elementary Education 

During the years of the rapid growth of 
- the Church in America and the establish-

ment of parishes, there were many requests 
for the Brothers to direct parochial schools. 
Before the turn of the century, the Society 
of Mary conducted schools in many cities 
and in some instances several schools in the 
·same city. Their services were in demand 
in Baltimore, Chicago, Chillicothe, Cincin-
nati, Cleveland, Columbus, Covington, Cum-
berland, Dayton, Erie, Hilo, Honolulu (Ha-
waii) , LaSalle, Louisville, New Orleans, 
New York, Patterson, Peoria, Pittsburgh, 
Rochester, St. Louis, San Antonio, Sandus-
ky, San Francisco, San Jose, Stockton, Wai-
luku (Hawaii), Washington, and Winnepeg 
(Canada) . This long list attests to the lead-
ership of the Society of Mary in Catholic 
elementary education in those days. The 
fact that the Brothers inspired a large num- . 
ber of the young men under their direction 
to join their ranks as Christian educators is . 
another proof of the effectiveness of their 
work 

St. Louis Province 

After the turn of the century the burden 
of administration of this far-flung work of 

A primary school taught 

by Marianist Brothers in 

the pa rish of a Marianist 

priest. 



Catholic education became more and more 
difficult. St. Louis was selected as the head-
quarters for a new province which was to 
direct the work of the schools in the central 
states. from Canada to Texas. This province 
was organized in 1908 and has prospered 
through the years to number in 1942 three 
hundred and fifty members in sixteen estab-
lishments with a definite Catholic and Mari-
an influence over six thousand students. 

High Schools 

The Society of Mary was able to cope with 
the changes in education that set in after 
World War 1. The emphasis was gradually 
changed from elementary to secondary ed-
ucation. The rapid growth of high schools 
called for the services of the Brothers. The 
Society was able to meet these demands. 
In some instances it was necessary to dis-
continue the parochial elementary schools 
in order to staff the high schools. By 1940 
the Society was engaged in secondary edu-
cation in the following cities: Alameda, Bea-
con, Belleville. Brooklyn, Chicago, Cincin-
nati, Clayton, Cleveland. Covington, Dayton, 
Detroit, East St. Louis, Hamilton, Honolulu, 
Hilo (Hawaii), Kirkwood, Lima (Peru) , 
Mineola, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Ponce, 

Saint Louis College, Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii. 



One of the most beautiful High School buildings in the coun-
try, Central Catholic of San Antonio, Texas, designed and 
conducted by Marianists. 

Rio Piedras (Puerto Rico) , St. Boniface, 
St. Jean Baptist (Canada), St. Louis, San 
Antonio, San Francisco, Sioux City, Victo-
ria, and Wailuku (Hawaii). 

Chaminade College, Clayton, Missouri. 



St. Michael Central High, Chicago, Illinois 
St. Anthony's, Wailuku, T.H. McBride High School, St. Louh 

St. Joseph's, Alameda, C:;tlif. North Side, St. Louis 
North Side Boys' High School, Pittsburgh 



Marianist Missions 

The zeal of an apostle is one of the char-
acteristics of a Brother of Mary. Father 
Chaminade frequently exhorted his follow-
ers to "multiply Christians." He meant by 
this that the work of Christian education 
should be so ardent as to make apostles of 
all those with whom the members were to 
come into contact. This same spirit has in-
duced the major superiors to heed the call 
of recent Popes to spread the Kingdom of 

MONGOLIA 

Schools in 
Japan: 

Tokyo . 
Yokohama 
Osaka 
Urakami 
Nagasaki 
Kobe 



Colegio San Jose, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. 

God on earth into other lands. The Christian 
school is indispensable for the spread of the 
Gospel. 

The American Province had sent men to 
the Hawaiian Islands as early as 1883. At 
present there are seventy-five members on 
the Islands directing the work of its four 
schools. 

Until quite recently, when eight Brothers 
of Mary returned from Japan on the Swed-
ish steamer Gripsholm in the exchange of 
prisoners of war, there had always been 
American Brothers in Japan since 1887. 

In more recent times, 1930, two schools 
in Puerto Rico have been opened, one in 
Ponce and the other in Rio Piedras. There 
are sixteen Brothers and two priests of the 
Society stationed in these schools. 

Since 1933 there are ten Brothers and 
one priest engaged in Christian education 
in China. The Society has two schools in 
this vast country, one in Hankow and the 
other in Tsinan, Shantung. 

Colegio .Ponceno, 

Ponce, Puerto Rico. 



The new "Colegio Santa Maria," Lima, Peru 

The St. Louis Province of the Society ot 
Mary opened Colegio Santa Maria in Lima, 
Peru, in 1939. At present there are nine 
Brothers and two priests on the faculty. 

There are other mission fields in which 
the Society of Mary is engaged, such as Tu-
nisia, Turkey, Spanish Morocco, and Argen-
tina, but these are under the direction of 
the French and Spanish Provinces. 

This brief account of the mission work of 
the Society of Mary is evident proof of the 
zeal of the followers of Father Chaminade, 
who frequently told the Brothers in his own 
day that they were all Missionaries. 

The Man of God 

Father Chaminade passed to his reward 
on January 22, 1850, at the age of eighty-
nine. His body lies buried in the Carthusian 
Cemetery at Bordeaux, where a majestic 

St. Mary's Institute, Tunis, North Africa 



Colegio del Pilar, Tetuan, 

Spanish Morocco, N. Africa 

monument marks his grave. There is a con-
stant stream of pilgrims to his tomb to seek 
his intercession. 

The cause of the Beatification of Father 
Chaminade was introduced at Rome in 1917. 
Since then it has gone through all the pre-
liminary stages of investigation with great 
promise that we may soon venerate him 
upon our altars. 

Prayers to Obtain the Beatification 
of Father Chaminade 

Our Father~ Hail Mary- 'Glory be-
Most Sacred Heart ofJ estIs, have 

merc:y on us! 
Our Lady of the Pillar, pray for us! 
St. Joseph, -our Protector, intercede 

for us! 

LET US PRAY 
o God, who hast deigned to inspire 

Thy servant, William Joseph Chami-
nade, with an ardent zeal to preach 
filial piety to the Blessed Virgin Mary, 
and who didst through him raise up 
in the Church several religious fam-
ilies devoted to this same apostolate, 
be pleased to manifest his virtues by 
granting us, despite our unworthiness, 
the miraculous favors we ask through 
his intercession, so that we may soon 
have the joy of seeing his brow 
adorned with the halo of the Blessed. 
Through Jesus Christ, Our Lord . 
Amen. 



St. John Baptist 

Vianney praised the 

Society of Mary. 

The Cure of Ars and the Society of Mary 

St. John Baptist Vianney, more familiarly 
known as the Cure of Ars, was a contem-
porary of Father Chaminade, but in all prob-
ability' they never met each other. The Cure 
of Ars, however, knew of the Society of 
Mary and greatly appreciated its work. He 
gave testimony of his esteem on two occa-
sions. 

In 1850 he advised a rich landholder to 
leave his fortune for the endowment of a 
school for boys rather than for a hospital. 
"Found a boys' school," he said, "and con-
fide the direction of it to the Society of 
Mary, a religious order which has existed 
only a short time, but which is doing an un-
told amount of good." The gentleman did 
as the Saint advised, and the Society of 
Mary conducted the school until it was 
closed and confiscated in 1903. 



A Brother of Mary Shall Never Perish 
In 1855 two Brothers were sent to the 

Cure of Ars to recommend a very sick stu-
dent to the prayers of the Saint. He told 
them to write to the mother of the lad and 
tell her that he would not die of that sick-
ness. The lad recovered and returned thanks 
at Ars. But one of the Brothers had a prob-
lem of his own. He returned to the Cure 
and explained that he was a Brother of 
Mary. "What a beautiful vocation!" then 
exclaimed the Saint, "what a beautiful So-
ciety!" The holy man then went on to solve 
the problem of the Brother and gave him 
great confidence in these words: "This So-
ciety is called to do a great deal of good in 
the Church. It 'will exist until the end of 
the world and all the religious who die in it 
will go to heaven." 

It has pleased God to grant many graces 

and favors through the intercession of Fa-

ther Chaminade. Special intentions or peti-

tions may be sent to Mount St. John, R.D. 

2, Dayton, Ohio. They will be included in 

the novenas that are made to Father Cha-

minade. If you kindly inform us of any fa-

vor received, we shall be glad to publish it 

in THE MARIANIST. 



" I 

.., 

For detailed information, interested per-

sons may apply to the Director of any es-

tablishment of the Society, or to 

Reverend Superior 
Mount St. John - R.D. 2 
Dayton, Ohio 

Reverend Superior 
Marianist Novitiate 
Beacon, New York 

Reverend Superior 
Maryhurst Normal School 
Kirkwood, Missouri 

The Foreign Missions are excellent and 

necessary; but today the Christian Syhool 

is the most important thing in the world for. 

the Church and Society. 
- Pius XI 

HAVE YOU a vocation to join the Society 

of Mary, and teach in Christian Schools, 

both at home and in the Mission Lands? 


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