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 RAYS OF 
 
 IKOM 
 
 Bible L 
 
 i;miiracin(; historhai, sketches ok 
 
 THE FIVE GREAT EMPIRES OF ANTIQUITY, 
 
 Egypt, Nineveh, Babylon, Tyre and Persia, 
 
 N\ 1h.>c icmaikahlccaifcr and cniipletcovertlinnv allcsl to the inilli. 
 
 of Sacred Story, 
 
 Hv REV. ROHKRT WILSON, I'li. D., 
 . \uthor of^^ y,uUa and the Je-vs," ^^Britain Amongthe Nations," &'.-. 
 
 ALSO, A GKAI'HIC UESCRll'TION OK 
 
 Tl^e Harvest Hoii^e ir^ Palestine ; 
 
 Or, Israel's National Thauksgiving Festival and its Signification. 
 
 15Y A. L. O. N, H. 
 TOGETHER WITH A CONNECTED RECORD OK 
 
 Rev. Dr. Talmage's Tour to, through, atid from 
 the Holy Land. 
 
 The whole forming a treasury of vahiable information designud 
 
 to assist the Bible reader to a better under.>,ianding 
 
 of the Scriptures. 
 
 ST. JOHN, N. B. : 
 
 R. A. H. Morrow, 59 Garden Street. 
 
 1896. 
 
 V 
 
Eiitt'icd accordiu^ to Act of J\irii(xnif>it of Cdiuuta. 
 in the year 1 896, 
 
 IJy RoiiKKT A. H. MoUROW. 
 
 /;/ tilt' Office if the Miiiisier of Ai:^i'uultine,iit Ottawa. 
 
P UJU. IS lir. I< ' .s / ' A- /.; A". / i ■ /.;. 
 
 C(!IUu/it, 
 
 t OttiU.'ii. 
 
 i 
 
 I 
 
 The subjects dealt wiili in tlic I'ollowinj,' pages should 
 prove interesting and prolitahlc to the Hible reader. The 
 history of Ani ient Israel is so interwoven with that of the 
 (Ireat Nations of Anti(|uity, that, in order to understand 
 much of the Old Testament narrative, a knowledge of the 
 career of those nations is a'osolutely necessary liesides 
 that, scei)ticism is marshalling its forces, as never before, to 
 assail the truths of (iod's Word, and any argument of fact 
 the Christian (an advance n rci)ei its audacious attacks 
 should not be lacking. 
 
 Rev. Dr. Wilson, in his Historical Sketches of the Five 
 (ireat Monarchies that were raised u]) in the pro .dence of 
 (lod to do a work—-'' a strange work"— and then sink into 
 insigiiificance or oblivion, shows clearly U)at each, after tul- 
 (ilhng its mission to the letter, jKisscd to its destiny in accord- 
 ance with the Divine predictions dcc'ared by the holy I'lo- 
 phets— Grkat " BAiiVi.ox, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty 
 of the Chaldeas* excellency," which Nebuchadnezzar built 
 and beautified l)ey(md conception, is " a perpetual desola- 
 tion," a dwelling place for dragons, an astonishment, and an 
 hissing, without an inhabitant.' Ninkvkh, that great Me- 
 tropolis of the Assyrian Empire, which " said in her heart, 
 " I am and there is none besides me," has long since sunk 
 " unto the nether parts ot the earth," save a few of its strong- 
 hold " funeral piles," which still remain in various sections 
 of a wide pasturage, as silent witnesses to the fact that 
 " Neneveh was an exceeding great city," in which there was 
 room for " much cattle," besides its vast human population. 
 These mounds of departed greatness have also 'uely fur- 
 nished marvellous disinterment of many of the long-lost 
 memorials of the renowned city. The once fat land of 
 Egypt has become " desolate and waste," and its kingdom 
 is " the basest of kingdoms," being "under tribute to the 
 Turk, with an alien army in permanent occupation of the 
 territory, and a foreign government di-iating who shall be 
 her ministers of state." The Stronghold of Tyre, with 
 
 /^ i' re 3 s" 
 
4 Publisher s Preface. 
 
 its im])rcgnalile battlements of renown, has disappeared for- 
 ever. Not a vestige of the " Queen City" is visible but a 
 {<i\\' " huge sea- beaten fragments of the old wall, and piles of 
 granite and marble cohmuis" scattered ''along the shores of 
 the peninsula." which are now used by fishermen as rocks 
 on which to dry their nets. Well may the i)oet sing : 
 
 " Dim is her glory, gone her fame, 
 
 Her boasted wealth is fled ; 
 On her jjroud rock, alas \ her shame, 
 
 The fisher's net is spread. 
 The Tyrian harj) has slumbered long, 
 
 And Tyria's mirth is low ; 
 'i'he timbrel, dulcimer, and song 
 
 Are hushed, or wake to woe." 
 
 The v.vst Mkdo-Pkrsi.vx I-'^mi'irk, with its " hundred and 
 twenty-seven provinces" extending from India unto J'Uhiopia, 
 was trami)led in the dust over twenty-two centuries ago by 
 " the mighty he-goat that had been seen two hundred years 
 before in Daniel's vision", and its days having been num- 
 bered as an Empire, it passed under (Grecian control, and 
 thence lo Roman, and now survives as one of the petty na- 
 tions of our world. 
 
 These papers have been prepared with great care as to 
 accuracy of statement. The author is well known as a 
 pleasing and painstaking writer, and has given much time 
 and study to the subjects under consideration. His aim in 
 these sketches is, to establish beyond doubt, the truths of 
 Divine Revelation, in regard to the fulfilment of prophetic 
 announcements recorded in the sacred volume, as to the 
 destruction of those idolatrous nations of old who trusted in 
 horses and chariots instead of in the living (]od, although 
 used by Jehovah as executioners to punish His own people 
 for their flagrant violation of His Divine law. 
 
 The writer of Israel's National Thanksgiving Festival 
 takes the reader in imagination away backward through the 
 ages, twenty-five centuries, and across the seas to Palestine. 
 After viewing the tribes, as they come up to Jerusalem from 
 all i/arts of the land, the reader is taken to the Temple 
 Mount, where he is made an eye-witness of the celebration 
 of the Feast of Tabernacles in all its departments. .Stand- 
 ing on u pinnacle of the 'lemple, he beholds the erection of 
 
sanpeared for- 
 s visible but a 
 11, and piles of 
 ; the shores of 
 nien as rocks 
 poet sing : 
 
 ' hundred and 
 uito F,ihio])ia, 
 ituries ago by 
 lundred years 
 ng been num- 
 1 control, and 
 the petty na- 
 
 at care as to 
 
 known as a 
 
 in much time 
 
 His aim in 
 
 the truths of 
 
 t of prophetic 
 
 me, as to the 
 
 .'ho trusted in 
 
 3d, although 
 
 s own people 
 
 ^'ing Festival 
 i through the 
 
 to Palestine, 
 jrusalem from 
 
 the Temple 
 le celebration 
 ents. .Stand- 
 le erection of 
 
 Publisliers Preface. 5 
 
 booths in all parts ot the city and suburbs. The scenerv of 
 he surroundmg landscape is also seen to advantage tVom 
 his elevation. Descending at night-fall to the Temple 
 Courts, he is enabled to see the inspection of the animals u. 
 be offered in sacrifice during the coming da\'. As dawn 
 approaches, the lamb for the morning sacrifux- is slain be- 
 fore his eyes. During its offering he sees the cloud of in- 
 cense arising from the (iolden Altar in the Holv Place and 
 he congregation of worshippers prostrate in MJent adora- 
 lon in the Outer Court. After this ceremony is over, thir- 
 teen bullocks, two rams and fourteen lambs, with their ai)- 
 I^ropnate meat and drink offerings, are all laid on the Bra- 
 /.en Altar and offere<l in sacrifice to Cod, amid the joyous 
 acclaims of the vast congregation. The willow-gathering 
 uater-drawing, Temple illumination and midnight jubilation 
 are all witnessed in order as the festivities proceed The 
 ceremonial signification of the feast in all its relations iscon- 
 suJered and sheds much light on many obscure portions of 
 the Old and New Testament Scriptures. 
 
 The reader is also able to accompany Dr. Talmage in 
 his Holy Land Tour" from station to station, and see 
 rnany strange things by the way. After viewing the ruins 
 of dei-arted greatness a' .Njme, a journey is taken through 
 (jreece and Egypt, arrivw.g in due time at foppa. Proceed- 
 ing thence eastward, the \-allev of Sharon" is traversed the 
 Judean hills are scaled, and the •' City of the Great Kinir" 
 is entered with thrilling heart as the sun sinks into the west- 
 ern horizon. A survey of the sacred places of Jerusalem is 
 taken. Bethlehem is visited. Then a descent" is made to 
 Jericho and the I )ead Sea. Next the Jordan is reached, and 
 a young man is baptized in the sacre"d stream. On the re- 
 turn tri]) up to the Holy City. Bethanv and the tomb of Fa/- 
 arus are visited. A night's repose in Jerusalem, and the 
 caravan move northward, cncampiiig the fust night at 
 Rethel, where Jacob had the remarkable vision. ()nward 
 from thence. Shiloh. Shechem, Jezereel and Nazareth are 
 all i)assed ; the Mount of Beatitudes is crossed, and in a 
 short time the camj) is pitched on the shores of Galilee 
 Here a sail is taken on the bosom of the lake, and all the 
 chief places in the vicinity are visited : after which the pro 
 cession j^asses up through the region of Dan, and winds Its 
 way over Mount Hermon down to Damascus. A few days 
 
6 PublishcKs Pnface. 
 
 are spent in this well watered city. A journey is then taken 
 acr()ss the momitains of Lebanon to IJavrout, where the 
 -Mediterranean steamer is hoarded for the homeward journey 
 On the return trip, Constantinople, Vienna, Paris. London' 
 and the "(,reen Lsle" are all visited, and the Brooklyn 
 Armoury is reached, where the tourists are welcomed by ten 
 thousand spectators, ninety days after Dr, lalmaL'e's de 
 p;irture for the Holy Land. ' fa ■ ^ 
 
 in closing this Preface we will just state that Rev Dr 
 \\ ilson IS now engaged in the preixiration of a work of some 
 300 or 400 pages, giving an account of the Lshmalites, 
 Ldomites. Midianites, and other descendants of the lather 
 of the I^ailhful. under the suggestive tide of •> The Vbn- 
 hainic l''amilv." 
 
IXTKODUCTION. 
 
 This is indeed an age of travel and adventure. The ad- 
 mirable arrangements made by the managers of tourist parlies; 
 the excellent focilties afforded by the steamship and the rail- 
 way ; the shortening of the sea voyage ; the ease and comfort 
 assured by modern agencies and aiJjjliances ; and the very 
 general desire to see more and more of the great outside 
 world, are among the reasons why from year to year the 
 number of travellers is constantly increasing. FoV wealth 
 or for fame; for health or for recreation, logiVeor to receive 
 what may be for the general good, lead representatives of all 
 classes and conditions, to cross the ocean, visit the most 
 distant countries, expose themselves to every s])ecies of hard- 
 ship and discomfort, and incur the risk of life or limb. To 
 the wild and dreary regions of perpetual ice and snow many 
 have gone and are going, in hoi)e of seeing how Nature at- 
 tires herself around the mystic pole, and under what con- 
 ditions she there carries on her work. And undeterred bv 
 the fate of many who have fallen before the biting breath of 
 the great north land, or what may be the fate of many many 
 more, the search will no doubt be continued until the mys- 
 tery has been solved and Nature forced to disclose one of 
 her most profound secrets. 
 
 But while Science seeks the North for the unravelling of 
 mysteries, and P:m])ire the ^^'est for extension of dominion, 
 Religion turns her steps to the land of the rising sun for the 
 proof of the divinity of her origin and the validity of her 
 claims. Nor docs she seek in vain. With the Sacred Vol- 
 ume in her hand she pa.sses from i)lace to place finding every- 
 where the evidence necessary to verity the correctness of her 
 teachings, the genuineness of her historic sUitements, the 
 truth of her predictions— all that is required to confirm the 
 faith of her disciples, and to silence and cover with shame the 
 caviller and the sceptic. Not only is this true of the Holy 
 Land, to which attention will be called later on, but also of 
 
8 
 
 liitroditctioii. 
 
 the <-.ountries lyiiiK around or in its neighbourhood. With 
 almost every nation an<l people of anti.pnty the insijired pen- 
 man had to deal, and fron. facts and incidents in thiir his^t^ ; 
 he .x.re uunt ,o drau- uMse and weighty lessons. All ligin 
 and privilege uere not monopolized by the Mebrews, nor 
 
 ere all the pious an<l the good found\among them, fro 
 u ..ch ue l.„.n that then as now men were left withom " y 
 excuse and when i>unishment was intlicted and ruin came 
 It w.is for the non-,mprovement of opportunity ' 
 
 I his was true in every instan.e. I'unishment fell not ui.on 
 •■ppt im il signs and wonders of the most awe-inspi J 
 J^^H-acter had been wrought therein. Jonah ],ad be T ^ 
 to Nineveh to lead its people back to God. And Danie 
 ad his fncMids had tauglu the Babylonians both by j^^ 
 d example the cha racter and claims of the King of K ngs 
 nishment is therefore no arbitrary proceeding, but tt 
 ■necessary outcome of a certain course of condlict Ami 
 nowheiv. perhaps, is this seen so clearly as whe sian^b,; 
 amul the ruu.s of the places described in\hefV,IIc^v ,^^^!t 
 He.re reminded that while He is too wi.se to err and to 
 good to be unkind, is long-suffering, and slow to ang He 
 can in no wise clear the laiiltv. ^ 
 
iirhood. With 
 le inspired pen- 
 in tiieir history 
 sons. All light 
 Hebrews, nor 
 ng them, from 
 'it without any 
 md ruin came, 
 
 nt fell not upon 
 t awe-inspiring 
 had been sent 
 And Daniel 
 oth liy jjrecejtt 
 King of Kings, 
 ding, but the 
 onduct. And 
 when standing 
 illowing pages, 
 o err, and too 
 " to anger, He 
 
 THE LAND OF EGYPT. 
 
 I'.gypt. ihr ^cat ui the Pyramids and tiie home of the 
 i'laraohs. is hoary with age, dales uuav bevond the davsof 
 Abraham, and has played an important part in the woVld's 
 history. It occupies a prominent i)la«;e in sacred story, and 
 next to Palestine no country is so frequently referred' to bv 
 J^ible writers. In ii the IJebrc-w patriarchs found a home 
 when lanime forced ihem fnan Canaan. With it is insepa- 
 rably associatetl the inimitablv sweet and toucliin- st,)ry u( 
 josei^h and his brethren. Jly its people the . liildren ol 
 Israel ivere cruelly oppres>ed. I'roin it ihev were delivered 
 in a most marvellous manner under the leadership of Moses 
 the man of Clod— a deliverance suitably celebrated in the 
 -^lirrmg sony — 
 
 ■• Sound the loud timbrel o'er Kgypt'^ dark sea, 
 Jehovah has triumphed, his people are free." 
 ^^ Solomon's (lueen was a daughter of one of the Pharaohs. 
 The first jiillaging of the Hebrew 'remi)le was bv an Kgvp- 
 tian ruler. Thither the Holy I'amilv rep.aired to'es.ape' the 
 murderou.s designs of Herod, who in slaughtering the chil- 
 dren of Bethlehem hojied to include among them the infant 
 Jesus. And among the many strangers tliat were luesenl 
 at the Pentecost and witnessed the inarvellous manifesta- 
 tions of spiritual power on that never to be forgotten occa- 
 sion, were some from this old historic land. Apart therefore 
 from all oUier considerations these are sufficient to invest it 
 With a charm and lend to it an imjjortance altogether its 
 own, and because of .vhich }c\v and Christian cannot bin 
 be intensely interested in its wondrous jiast and in its possi- 
 l)le future. 
 
 .VORICUI.n KM, RKsOlRCKS. 
 
 Kgyi>t i^ 
 
 rich in agricultural resources, the soil vields 
 jbundanllv. the products thereof are varied and valuable. 
 
 md under a wise and beneficent government would exceed 
 Pu ihis the inspired peimjeii fVe(|ueniiy 
 
 -III t^JwCuutuull. 
 
lO 
 
 J^ic Land of J'.j^ypt. 
 
 I'amk-ualalid'cr' "'"^'- '"""» I"" ""-■ Rosea a„,l 
 
 AMMAI, KI\(;|)()M. 
 
 uic ^iiallcjackcil, hyena, ichneumon, and the ierbo'i 'I'h. 
 one humped camel uas originallv in rodue Vh le Pto 
 
 )c aa<lLU tlK usual (Jomeslic qiiadrii|iods. -I'l,,. i,rin,-;„-,l 
 J rds arc ,1,0 |„goo„, vulture, il!is aud ostrich ,fr'|e 
 
 :.rTo uT'h,;;" "'■'■ "T'l'^' "->"'""'■ "-d .oSs 
 
 MINKRALS. 
 
 consists of sand- 
 
 Its mineral uealth is considerable, and 
 
1 l'iai^,c of its great 
 ra are its principal 
 tobacco are largely 
 It variety. 'J'inihe'r 
 ycainore, tamarack 
 reat productiveness 
 which brings dou n 
 ■h deposit of mud. 
 
 rich and heaiitifui 
 t-aste. For fifteen 
 
 a single trilxitary 
 
 rugged cataracts', 
 ranean by two out- 
 mes it entered the 
 - from the interioi 
 
 the Rosctta and 
 
 rietv, and the list 
 ,' one. 'I'he most 
 elievcd to be the 
 , a huge creature, 
 skin on the back 
 'I'here are also 
 he jerboa. The 
 •ed by the J'tole- 
 nd to these must 
 • The principal 
 i"ich ; of reptiles 
 , li/.ard, tortoise. 
 s. Fish abound 
 
 onsists of sand- 
 te, basalt, emer- 
 lias been added 
 
 '1 lu Laud of I'.^y/^t. 
 
 riir. ciriKs. 
 
 I 1 
 
 To the ( ities of this celebrate(i land we now ibrect atten- 
 tion. Twenty two centuries ago, allured diither bv what he 
 had heard ot its wealth and greatness, Alexander the (Jreat 
 I)!anted his eagles on the banks of the Nile. .Seeing how 
 advantageously the moudi of that river was situateil for coin 
 mercial purposes, as it formed u connecting link between 
 the East and the West, he determined to iheVe build a city. 
 Soon the sound of the axe. the saw, and the han-iiier were 
 heard, where never human habitation had >tood, and soon, 
 as if by magic, on the low and level shore rose a city ot 
 broad streets, of beautiful temples, of imposing colonades 
 and magnificent theatres. 'l"o it came Uie (ireek philoso- 
 pher, tl)e Hebrew scribe and the heathen i>riest. and from it 
 for (enturies there went foith the teachers of art, science and 
 philosophy. It is still a large and important citv. aiul still 
 beajs the name given by its founder, Alexandria. 
 
 Cairo is the modern caijital, is connected with .\lexandria 
 t)y rail, and is perhaj)s the most interesting of all its cities. 
 It occupies about three s({uare miles, and is surrounded by 
 a low wall. The streets are narrow, dark and crooked, 
 and in some jjlaces arched over. J1ie bazaars, though 
 gloomy, are well and richly supplied. The houses are gen- 
 erally built of variegated brick, with interlining^, of wood ; 
 have rtat roofs, and are usually two or three stories high. 
 Its mosques and minarets are very beautiful, of prodigious 
 height, and are built of alternate layers of red and white 
 stone. 'i"hc population consists of Turks, .\rabs, Cojits, 
 jews, Armenians, S\rians, Africans and Europeans, and 
 foots up to nearly 400.000. About a mile beyond the walls 
 are the tombs of the Caliphs, which are magnificent and im- 
 posing buildings, and are beautiful specimens of .Vrabian 
 architecture. 'J'hc public gardens, which consist of groves 
 of orange, citron, palms and vines, are very tine. 'There is 
 a university which is the seat ot education for the East, in 
 which are found students from all jiarts of the Mahometan 
 world whose numbers run up into the thousands. In it 
 are taught grammar, arithmetic, algebra, rhetoric and other 
 branches, and lectures are delivered on logic, civil, criminal 
 and moral law, and the ex[)osition of the Koran, besides 
 tiic university there are oilier schools where grammar, writ- 
 
///( Land (>/ h'i^yf^/. 
 
 A\CIK\T (IT IKS. 
 
 Ofib 
 
 !':''^"*''|'»f <fli'--s\vc .an refer l.utt,. three 
 
 <•! I'';iall)ek, was once a 
 (oi 
 
 irelio|»oli> 
 e fii-M, known also hv the nann 
 
 lanioiis for its temnle .n,! c . ■ , ! '^ "^■^^'''^'•^^^ ^itv. 
 
 I'lace where 1,^ \ i '\;^^;^-"> "^ '---.,. and the 
 trained for funre t sef , es's 1 ' '"'^""^^"^■•' '''^^to. were 
 '>"cs were the ' Vn p^ ' t ^'""^ "' '^^'^'"-^^t^^l ^true 
 -'90 feet I.v .60 wi 1^ ' ''"'• " 'c.:tan,nilar bnild,•n.^ 
 
 ■'he einuniferenre of it I .V """"^ '° ^^ ^''^^'^ ^'"d. 
 
 •1^^ length of he^^r^ts .S* ";"T "'r ''"^'^ ^^ '^^'- ^"^' 
 
 lli^' teinnle was Uiron,.h tu-o ^ " ' ''^' apl^roach to 
 
 a" sides'h . po tS^' td ^if'rr-rr""'"^' -.rronnded on 
 
 ■''^■-'il'lc of ,,n le '^!^ '• ^''^^^- Another was the 
 
 ' ■' ''^''- '^'> ^'"^''a'- •" form I,ut smaller, heino- 
 
/. 
 
 ■'■■^ <lr\(iie(i I,, 
 :i'igiia-v spoken , .. 
 "•■ in I'l-oiiiinciation 
 L- resides here, i. 
 "'■'t'""-^- Its n;ilitr 
 
 ^itii. ued oi) oiH- ,,| 
 "111 the seaboard. 
 3, aiid carries on .1 
 i-icc, Msh and other 
 iv't'd its name fnjin 
 laniifa, tiired here. 
 Ill Iia/aars, hut i- 
 lattraciiw appear 
 ilicd \>\ the Sara 
 : of K^rypt againsi 
 as captured more 
 as suffered by the 
 '-liokin;^/ up of the 
 • "hich was due 
 ivvent the Chris- 
 "ly I>y the debris 
 
 '/'//<■ J.ivid ,'f /•-■.v.J/'A 
 
 I ; 
 
 i-ce— Heh'opohV. 
 dso by the naiiK' 
 '"11 n of palaces. 
 N a sacred citv. 
 -arning. and ih'e 
 "L'd IMato, were 
 clebrated struc 
 uvular building. 
 I I'fristyleof 54 
 ^o at each end. 
 3ut 22 feet, and 
 JJtal and entab- 
 'he aj)proach to 
 siirronnded on 
 Another was the 
 : smaller. beinL^ 
 
 '•ny ^27 feet m len.uMh In ti; in brcdil,. .\ ,h,rd. a cir- 
 <u!ar buil.hng. suj.p.Mlcd by six granite (ohnnn.. w.i^ n.e.l 
 m the middle ages as a Christian C'h.inh. Some of the 
 s;ones u.sed mtlioe ereaion. ur,, ,,| prodigious si/,e, nioa- 
 surmg r.o teet m length by 1 _• m breadili 
 
 'IVn miles from Cairo, on the western --ide of the .Nile, i> 
 the site of the celebrated citv of .Memphis, relerred to' in 
 Scripture by the name of .\opli. |i was the an. lent .apital 
 ot l.nwer Kgypi. founded far ba( k in the davs of o|,|. was in 
 Its day a great and powerful citv. and was surrounded bv a 
 region ol wonderful fertilitv ami beaut\. it is sup|.o,ed In 
 have been founded by Menes. the fust ot the line <.f native 
 kmgs. and to have had, with its temples, palaces and spaci- 
 ous gardens, a < in umlereiice of nineteen miles. It is said 
 to have been built on land rei'lainied from the river its 
 course having been .hanged, a work uhi.h showe.i -reat 
 cngmeering skill. The temples were built .,f soli.l stone. 
 adorne.I with gateways, statues and obelsiks. I'he I'.-Np 
 tian sovereigns to.. k much j.leasure in adornini,' it. ai'ui it 
 continued m all its beauty till its conquest bv the .\iabians 
 under the Calii.h Omar. its princip.il strui'tuies were the 
 lemples of .Apis, Lsis, i'r.Ueus and I'tali, in the latter ol 
 which the sacred bull resided. 'I'hese temples llourished in 
 all their glory until the time .)f the I'ersian .-.m-itiesL Of 
 the I'yramids and the Necropolis we shall speak later. 'I'he 
 citv began to decline when another .:ity was built in its vici 
 nit\-. Owing to its .stragetic jHisition i't was e.i-erlv sought 
 lor by the military chieftains of the times, and in t:onse- 
 qtience suffered greatly by a change of masters. Persian. 
 Creek, Roman and furk have held it in turn, and t.Mlay.' 
 m accordance with many jiredictioiis of the prophets which 
 foretold the miseries it was to suffer. •• it is waste and with- 
 out inhabitant." 
 
 I'lve hundred miles uji the Nile is the site ot the ancient 
 1 hebcs. situated on a wide open plain. It was the capital 
 «'t Cpper Kgyju, and in the days of the great ( ireek poet 
 was large and populous, t"or he speaks of its vast treasures 
 and Its hundred gates from which men and chari.jis poured 
 lorlh lor fight. Its former grandeur may be gathered fnjm 
 the ruins of once magnificent erections with win. h the place 
 abounds. Columns and colonnades, statues and obelisks. 
 •ire met with on every hand, and the walls of teiiiiaes and 
 
'4 
 
 ///( l.llIKi of I'.llVf^t, 
 
 ' "liiniiis. „\,r which the fv,. of .1, ' ' '' ^"'■'"^' '" 
 
 i^fiity-two across ihr shoulders h ''ascan.l 
 
 ' >n ih.-sc r.iins Vr . , , I n '"' ""•^"^' "•'^^ *"" '^^1>- 
 
 made" Th,. ui, ''^'''' ''''"'^ Solomon had 
 
 *.^c„„:;'L::l:;'^„;;i:;;™^,;;™-;^i;v, .„,,,; 
 
 "llat HiTM't (,ii,-,. »•„; ,„-, T r "-iLriiilioK.- a|)|,aroiit, and 
 
 'lav its onlv n U lints u' f' '" v^ '^'"^'''" '^^^^' ^'^^^ ^- 
 n<li"K.lKM,.nW,s,o/aX fc '""'"'■"''" ^ 
 
 IIIK PYRAMIDS. 
 
'//'(■ l.aihi I' I l\^vf^t. 
 
 I ; 
 
 "i iind pictures. M,, 
 '•'•. its hall l.riii|,r HI 
 tlii-ir himdicd .III,; 
 )>• f)iif liiindrcil an, I 
 < li rise SL-vi'iit)' Icci. 
 ^- riifsc K'randc.;. 
 ( I'lL' ntiirr, and il,,- 
 '*^'">I>lt' !■> il forest (.1 
 St wanders withaui- 
 ■r tcm|,lc is a statur 
 Iit-'wn out of a n„ k 
 ^•ct at the l.ascand 
 s bron^'ht from the 
 <) oiiL' now can tell. 
 )rics of their kings 
 they brought I)ack 
 e Holy JJook reads 
 of their sovereigns. 
 J carried awav the 
 ras the i^ihle puts 
 id took awav the 
 lie treasures of the 
 ii<h Solomon had 
 with curiosities, 
 t-'iv apparent, and 
 \\\ these evidences 
 long since passed 
 ^\'as the subject of 
 icted. 'i'he same 
 nier case, and to 
 *vli() obtain a pre- 
 cr the ruins or in 
 
 • hildient.l I^r.itl it duubtiess musl have suggested manv ai; 
 idea. Il was 4S0 feet in height, and e.K h of its lour sides 
 was one seventh of a mile at the base. It cover.s thirteen 
 ures of groun.l and iis estimated weight is C),X.|S,ooo t( 
 
 The sei ond I'vramid 
 
 is considerably sm.dler, thirlv feet 
 
 >ii>. 
 
 the top has been liroken off, and its smooth sioi 
 
 arried 
 
 awav 
 
 These 
 
 If ( asmg 
 
 large structures of which there 
 
 thirty, are scattered over the desert for adist.mce of i 
 
 mil 
 
 ari' 
 
 wenu 
 
 es, are built on true niedianical jirinciples and show 1 
 ign of settling. 'I'liey show that aw.iy in the fir past win 
 
 III 
 
 ( Jreece and It,il\ wer 
 
 inhabited b\ men little hiul 
 
 HT III 
 nowii.ihe 
 
 intelligence lli.in our Indians, and IJntain was imk 
 
 people diat dwell in this land o( marvels under^lun.| tli 
 mechanical arts. 
 
 Various ojanions have obtained as to the purjiose I 
 which thev were intended, l>ul ll 
 
 01 
 
 one is. that thev were for the tombs ot k 
 
 u- most general and probabk 
 
 nn 
 
 m.m came to the throne he began to build wh.il h 
 his "home." .\ rocky place was chosen, and 
 
 Whenever 
 
 called 
 a pl.u I' cut 
 
 )r the stone colfm to rest in. 'I'he work went on while h 
 
 lived, at his death he was lowered into the place thus ] 
 I'ared, the entrance was closed with heavy stone, and 
 trace of doorway or entrance left. The object was to k 
 the body safe until the resurrection of which thev 
 
 ire 
 no 
 
 have had .some idea. Little diti thev <1 
 
 seem 
 
 that time has wrought in the world. 
 
 ream of the ( lianges 
 
 and the idea that li 
 
 le 
 
 bodies thus securely entombed could ever be disturbed was 
 regarded unworthy a moment's thought. liut they have 
 been, and in the museums of modern days can be found 
 the embalmed remains of kings and (pieens of these far off 
 ages, furnishing food for the thoughtful or gratification for 
 the curious. 
 
 I'llK L irv OK 1 HI l>l..\|). 
 
 'I'he Necropolis, or city ot the dead, in classical literature 
 applies only to a suburb of Alexandria, but in a more e.v 
 tended sense is applied to ancient cemeteries in genei.d. 
 i'hese consisted of tombs constructed in the shajie of houses 
 and streets to resemble a city, or in some i:ases were cham- 
 bers cut out of the rocks. The most remarkable one i> situ- 
 ated near Thebes, and whii;h must have contained at least 
 5,000 mummies. On the walls of these tombs are inscrin 
 
If> 
 
 / ^ii Ini.tf „f h'.i^vf>f^ 
 
 l-;'i"'''''n''::::':,;i;:,:;'";T^"''' ■ ■""^•--' 
 
 '^':-w;r';i:;r:-:i:;:'!.-'' - 
 
 ■'^'••"'■'■••f'il'tlH.!,n,<.sth,M,..n'h. ^"'" ^''^"--- 
 
 I III; M'MIW. 
 
 ■■'-n;::l':;:''-;t,;;-;;;:'^;;^^>^"'-'^';-'' -'..»-., 
 
 '\>f>..|,L(| l!kL-;i li„n, u-iih ii liumaii 
 
 K-au, 
 n- 
 ir. 
 
 •'• tlu- solid n.rk. . ,- ' : '^' •' V ■^^\'^^'' ""<• i-^ ''^•«n out 
 
 KVI'tian, Persian, (ircc-k, R 
 
 "•o'n age t(. a',^,. the s , ' ''"'''"^' '''""'" "i"'n ea. h 
 
 '••■'"-^ '- "-VC ,; ;,,i -VTr" ^'^^: '-^^'"■"K^ tha. 
 
 '^■" "'■^' Ulorv tla ''f''''^''"^""""^^''^'"y-J"> 
 
 pas.s.d au.n- ' '^ "'' ^""' '" '^ M'-c-atnrss that has 
 
 I mi; 
 
 AN( II.NT KCN IT! \.\.s. 
 
 
;//. 
 
 '•ii>t«»iiH(,(t,'iisstr.ni , 
 >oin where tlR. (nvu^l. 
 ii<;c a Vfar to pniy i ,r 
 i'i>* lie s!co|/iiijr th.iv, 
 '1 ■■" l""t lint |,,r ,,,,,„ 
 '' ^^^'■^ iniiiiiiiiii.,1 ,,. 
 
 \ 'Ih- (.IT.II. Im'M,|, , 
 
 '<■»■ I'. lis (,f p,i|,\ni-,. 
 "'■'In « nifodilcs'.iihl 
 'I' iliesc recfutly (li\. 
 ';<'"tr;il pass.ijre, ;,,|,| 
 111 wliich Wfi-f luiiii,! 
 1 1 CSC sacred aiiiiu.iK, 
 ''^t-n'ptiuv thai •• tlu- 
 liat witliout a divine 
 <lt.'^n-;i,l,. iheii;.;,.;v,.s 
 
 ^vlii(l) is a marvel 
 ^\ii!i a iiiiiiiaii head, 
 ■icd to represent in- 
 an awful -raiidem, 
 
 wonderful jiast the 
 i""s of admiration 
 'i«lityfeet lon^r.,n,i 
 
 I. and is hewn oni 
 
 II. (Ireek, Roman, 
 II turn stood before 
 I down upon t.a( h 
 'le few thini^s that 
 lain unchanged to 
 ^jreatness that has 
 
 ^r people, and in 
 
 lit 'roni those of 
 
 ^rvants. I.ahoiu- 
 
 'irick making 
 
 •"^'i'. I (herds were 
 
 //// l.iiiid of /:.i,' )'/'/. |- 
 
 ahnminated. I,..g.,| docnm- re,,nired the u.,me.onnanv 
 VMtiK Records were , -[>• ,ivil an.l mercanti!.' t,an 
 
 sactioi \^ omen were he.v.i- high repute, Chil.i- u, 
 taught to obey ihrir parents. Kdu. ation was und-r the 
 «:ontrol of the priesthood. Feasts were abund m.i (; .mes 
 wen- uuliilged in Rings were Worn geiur the third 
 
 tinge, .fthe left haiul Children h.id then dulls, (;race 
 was s;ud at table. Religion . ,cnt.n. vs were in.-w ribed over 
 tlu-ir doors. .^ ..red festivals w. , ly attended. Hired 
 
 iiimirners wept ,,t funerals. .Seventy day.s ua.s the time al- 
 Inled for mourmng the death of the sovereign. The trea- 
 sures of this people .ire in granite and not in books, so their 
 hter.iture amounts to very htti,-. Thcv r swelled in architec 
 ture. Iheir nicchani.al skill was woiulerful. Their fim- 
 men ha. never been suri>assed. (ilass bottles of great 
 be.iutv. an.! ornaments twisted like serpents have been found, 
 lliey knew geometry, and with astronotnv fhev were not iin 
 tamihar. Dentistry was understood, and the art of embain 
 mggave them excellent oj.portunities to study tiie hunn 
 frame. 'I'he king was supreme. |u.'^es .whninisiered the 
 laws Kvidence was taken under .. th. Death was the 
 penalty for murder, and Hogging an.l „, ,,risonment for lesser 
 'Mimes. Human life was .-.ecure, and p oplc went unarmed. 
 I liere was a standing army. .A nd yet a - already stated de- 
 spite all this perhaps no people on the f of the earth in- 
 dulged in idolatrous practices so degr. ling as did these 
 old tune I'.gyptiaiis. 
 
 •nil. NA'I ion's ANlK^nns. 
 
 In the historical books of the Uible we i ul many facts 
 and incidents referred to which enable us to form a' pretty 
 correct idea as to the position occupied bv die Kgyptians 
 among the n.ations of antiquity. Again and , -ain they are 
 made mention of m their contests with the H. hrews Assyr- 
 ians and Babylonians, and always as a strong nnt ,,hs ,\ s 
 a.s a vKUorious j.eople. Rut the same causes :u.i brought 
 about the rum of other nations were at work rnong them, 
 the unholy leaven was surel\- and steadily und, rmining the 
 political fabric, and in due season the ruin can •. 'I'o this 
 tae Hebrew prophets repeatediv aiiudi 
 
 and terrible ijredict the dread d 
 
 (2) 
 
 le, and in 
 
 rms St 
 
 rong 
 
 isasters of the fu; ne. (ere 
 
1 8 
 
 J^u- Land of lio^y/if. 
 
 Ini ,^n.-' '"^ i: tr;;? -^ f-«'^te, without an 
 ^lie shall 1.. ^^^:^^i^'f'''?'^^^^^-^o.r.^^^: 
 
 north.- M,da;h;e:';'K;,^j^;;:^t:;v""'''^'^''''^ 
 
 '"edidncs, thou shalt not X.^^^t'^'' ^'^^ "^^^"v 
 (lelinite in his denunciations o(' ' ^''"'^''' '' '^'" '"^^'■^' 
 the ruinous resuhs w""\f;, ^';';;V■";^^"''^^^^ ^^"^^ '" 
 desolate and waste. -' will nv I . i ,''' /'^""'^ ^''^^" '^^' 
 
 -ly waste and desolate, t'twV;^^^>'^ 
 "lUo the borders of Ethiopia" 1 uln , 'V^'"^^ ^^^■^■" 
 
 i':^ypt desolate in the m ds of the \Z\ "'"''f *' '^"'^^ ^'' 
 
 late, and her cities anx,;.,' h ' t e t n "ro"?'" f " '"" 
 
 ;i>'i1rt!];^S;;^"i-f-^^^ 
 
 her power shah^ co Z.^'^. t'?^""^ V^^ ^^"^^ '^^ 
 
 tl^ey fall in i, by the sw<>rd\u lu ' '7, f ^^'^'"'^ ^'^^^" 
 P'-ince of the land of K^ ' t ' n / f 'T "° '""^^^ '^ 
 that "The sceptre of l^n- sh.ll "'''' ^''"''^^ "^ 
 
 allusions to her rui ■ .v f i '^'''^'^^ ^^y-' Indeed. 
 
 the prophetical w,; -'j ht? "^^ '"^ ^'"^''^^ '" ^" 
 w-iK'n these pro,>hecie; were Ll , '" '" '■'"^^''"'^'-''- '^^'^ 
 powerful nation and. lo ied , ' ^ • 'T' "'"' ' ^'■'"' ''^"^ 
 there was really'noti in, o lead to eh I ';"'';" ^'^"^''"''^^' 
 -as in the renite.t dejr" T^l^'' ^'^" ^"^'^ ^ '^^^^ 
 
 THESE I'ROI'IIECIES. 
 
 thc';^iri;ir:.:;:v 
 
 gation of its people to the "wav ofT V' '"'' '" ^'^^^ ^"''J"~ 
 tionally the infu els A'o 1. ev and ril ';^^'--, ^^"'"^^"- 
 conclusive evidence of h ^i ' , V ' ^'°" ^""^'f'^ ^'^^ most 
 "SiK-h is the state o rw./ f ^""^'^7"^' ''''^'''^ ^^^^^ ■ 
 turies ago of iKM- nat rdnV • ^^''1"''^'^' twenly-d,ree cen- 
 
 the Ronians, the (reek h V f '!''' ^''" ^^^^^^^'donians. 
 Ien.,nh the n ceof Tartt; d S' ^"^f ^ Georgians, and at 
 
 •"-^ Turks, 'jt Vhmd t^'^'"'''f'^ ^^V'^^ """^ °f ^>««- 
 troduced as sok ers o 't ' ^'''f^^''^^ ^^ -"laves, and in- 
 
 leader. If the r fi ;t ' , P' ''^' ''""'''' ""'"'^ ^'^^^^^"1 '-> 
 the.rcontinua.:::erL^^St;:^,^-,?-f'-eve^^ 
 
 Pl-d by slaves brought f.onMhei;::!;gScoin:;^.^'-^^^ 
 
"d desolate, without an 
 I't shall be confounded • 
 ■lid of the people of the 
 ■ain Shalt thou use many 
 Kzekiel is still more 
 ''■ ^^'-ong-doing, and in 
 land of Egypt shall he 
 the land of Egypt ut- 
 '1 ower of Syene even 
 will make the land of 
 ountnes that are deso- 
 that are laid waste." 
 ■stof kingdoms, neither 
 c nations; the pride of 
 le tower of Syene shall 
 re shall be no more a 
 1 Zechariah assures us 
 I)art away." Indeed. 
 - oi" Jess siiecific in all 
 veil to remember that 
 gyi)t was a great and 
 a human standjjoint, 
 belief that such a flite 
 
 ty- 
 
 ! to the very letter in 
 try, and in the subju- 
 ■■^tranger. Uninten- 
 'on furnish the most 
 H'mg striking terms : 
 -d twenty-three cen- 
 ■ has seen her fertile 
 •S the Macedonians, 
 e Georgians, and at 
 'y the name of Otto- 
 ;d as .slaves, and in- 
 ^ower and elected a 
 s a singular event 
 ary. 'i'hcy are re- 
 inal country. Hie 
 
 'I'ltc I. and of I\^jff. 
 
 19 
 
 system of op])ression is methodical. Evervlhing the travel 
 ler sees or hears reminds him he is in the country of slavery 
 and oppression." "A more absurd and unjust constitution 
 cannot be devised than that which condemns the natives of 
 a country to perpetual servitude, under the arbitrarv doin 
 inion of strangers and slavejj. Vet such has been th'e state 
 of Egypt for more than five hiin<lred ye.irs. 'J'he most 
 illustrious sultans of the Jiaharile and liorgite dvnasties \v«>re 
 themselves promoted from the Tartar and Circassian bands, 
 and the four and twenty beys, or military t:hiefs, have ever 
 been succeeded, not by their sons, but by their slaves." 
 
 XAPOI.KON Tin, MKsr. 
 
 .Since the time of the writers above (pioted many and im 
 portant changes have taken place. In the closing years of 
 the last century Napoleon the First was determined to bring 
 it under French domination, and for a time success attended 
 his efforts, but as he had to deal not only with Turkey but 
 with Great JJritain also, he was compelled to retire, and the 
 sovereignty of the Sultan was restored. With the weaken- 
 ing of Turkish power tributary states have had larger liberty, 
 and their rulers have exercised greater authority. 'I'lie 
 Mamelukes have ceased to exist as a sei)arate class, the 
 authority of the Sultan is little more than nominal, and more 
 than once the J-lgyjitian rulers have aspired to complete in- 
 depiendence. 'I'o-day British influence predominates, and 
 the trend of events and the current of public feeling jioint 
 to the probability of its becoming a part of our widespread 
 empire at no distant day. 
 
 The circumstances which have led up to and brought 
 about the [)resent condition of things were in brief as fol- 
 lows : The Khedive Ismail was a man of push and enter- 
 prise, and laboured hard to raise his country from its low 
 and degraded position, and once more to give it a name 
 and a place among the nations. He inaugurated many use- 
 ful reforms, built railroads, introduced the culture of cotton, 
 and .sought to Europeanize as much as possible the manners 
 and customs of the people. This involved l.eavv expendi- 
 tures, taxation was increased, and discontent and disaffec- 
 tion became general. This culminated in a revcjjulion in 
 which Ismail was deposed, and his son called to the Khe- 
 
20 
 
 '^^u Land of J'lgypt, 
 
 loans in London and P .-is 'J '" ^' •'■"^^' ^^"'^ "'"^' 
 
 ^■rs a mortgage ^va.s given on ,hl ' '''"'■'^>' "^ ^'^^ '^^'«1- 
 
 and the collection of si ev *?r""T-"V''^ ^°""'^>-' 
 ■n-xed (onnnission of Fgn i, i J 'f''^ '"the hands of a 
 ■■'.i'oard could Inndh^br ' 'r^'^'"'' ^''■''^'^- '^'"'^ 
 
 -->n,,evanous.K,con£:;:;;^^::;srtt^^^ 
 
 " DEATH T(j FORKicxKKg" 
 
 ap;^o;:Stra;ru;:!;^ur rth'^^°^-^^'''^">- ^'^ho-t^and 
 
 tJiere was hut little left or the )'"" T].^'''''''' I'^'H^^^-^' 
 ">-'dcd a change n , ^^f^^'''^ ^^^ ^'^^'^^^ ^ie- 
 ^'->'i ^i^<--n the cry was ra ed "'■ ^^''' ''^' ^I""^'- 
 
 the benefit of the sUang t r ?';' ''"'-^^'"S ^^^^^ for 
 
 enormity of this state of thinT]"^ ?'''''' ^•"'^'^ «" t''c 
 P^'ople were appealed t .Sl ',"'' ''^" ^'^''^^'^"^ «'" the 
 
 J'asha carx^ to th fr it ral [ f '' ^"j^^'^^tances Arahi 
 -thority of the Kledn" v. 4f . '^' ''1 ^^^^^ «^^^'^''^' the 
 <■'•>■ of" Death to the foa'IJne s " . v""'^''^'' ""^ ^'^'^ the 
 dared to do their worst f , !""' '■ '"'"^ '''f^^"^'^ «-ere 
 
 Hntain the resp.!;. i^ ^ o/'^':'^' ['-^^ -^ threw upon 
 ""« d(.wn the rebellion Win I ^^' ' •''' ''''^'"^■^ ""'"'^ P"'^ 
 «• ungracious and un<raii,, f „\7 ^'^J^'^'^, ^^''t-'^ in playing 
 '«f on the suppositio" 1 '!, ^^'^ ^^^" ^^"'X be accounted 
 ^''^^'h^tone would no tc f^ e Lfr''""-'"^. ^'"^ ^y ^^■■• 
 tfnuy to take possession ni' '''^'' -'^'^ '^^'^ ■'»" oppor 
 
 ^t French Protecto t " Rut 'the'"p'? f "^ ^^'^'^"^ "'- " 
 =^lIow any nation to annex F J f "'l ^''^J^''-' ^^''" "«t 
 
 'f^<l I'loek her way to the Ivlif ' ""^ '^'' "^""^ ^^^'^^ 
 
 liATTLK OF TEL-Et.-KKBIR. 
 
 i'he crisis came thp Kh^rU, 
 ■sympathized with Aribi,!', •''•''''' Pon-erless, the people 
 of Alexandria were Sen edh^^ f"^ ^'^^^ -^^^^^ts 
 
 followed the bomba,Xe t of •'"''V'"" ^'^""^- ''^hen 
 
 the battle of Tel-el- KelT,.,;' '"^' ^'^ '^'' ^''■^'■^h fleet, 
 t^^'on of Arabi to Cevlon^ nd f ' '''^'''^'^ ^^'^ tran.por 
 'o t.t>Jon, and the restoration of the Khe 
 
ip.: 
 
 financml obligations im- 
 ec to borroH' and tl(,at 
 ■ the security of the lend- 
 •eveniies of the country 
 I^lacecl in the hands of 'a 
 rench and British. Such 
 ed to give satisfaction in 
 g interests to he cared 
 
 .NKRS." 
 
 Tltc I. and of I'-gypt. 2 1 
 
 dival autliority Since llien Britain has claimed the right 
 to manage the affairs of the country, taking the ground that 
 France forfeited her right In- ignoring her responsihilities at 
 die time al)ovc referred to. 'J'his luis aroused much angrv 
 feeling in France, and has led the rei-ublican Frank to seek 
 the sympathy of the autocratic Cossack. But of one thing 
 all concerned may rest assured that neither France nor 
 Russia will ever he ])ermitted to possess this land as long as 
 I5ritish interests would he imi)erilled thereby, and these in- 
 terests can he jirotected by fSritish power. 
 
 ^■^''■I)ially di.shone.st, and 
 onn private purposes, 
 aholders, and these de- 
 ati.n. I'h is was done. 
 V't was being ruled for 
 I d i)arties dwelt on the 
 1 the passions of the 
 -se circumstances A rahi 
 e red Hag of war, the 
 nought, and with the 
 "tas^; and I'Vance were 
 ^ back and threw upon 
 tliese claims and put- 
 ol)ject was in playing 
 an only he accounted 
 •ernment Jed by Mr. 
 us give lier an oppor 
 ry and extend over it 
 'tish people will not 
 itrol the Suez Canal 
 
 rilK Ifll-RK. 
 
 What is in the future for this country time alone will tell. 
 Whether it will become an independent nation, unhampered 
 l)y foreign influence and enjoying all the rights and i)rivil- 
 eges of nationhood, or, as already intimated, enter the great 
 sisterlujod of States under British rule, we pretend not to 
 say. Certain passages of the Book of (rod would seem to 
 indicate that a blessed change is to take i^lace in the char- 
 acter of her people and institutions, that after her long night 
 of ignorance and oppression, a day ot intelligence and libe'rt\ 
 is to dawn, and that instead of the Mosque and the Crescent 
 will be the Church and the Cross. And it may be that, in 
 the i'rovidence of Cod, the circumstances above referred to 
 may be the means of bringing about an issue that would 
 afford unbounded jileasure not only to the Christian hut U) 
 the lovers of progress the witle world over. To such an 
 issue Horatius Bonar alludes in the following beautiful 
 lines : 
 
 HIR. 
 
 powerless, the people 
 =iired, and the .streets 
 oj'ean blood. Then 
 ' by the British fleet. 
 ■^I'ture and transpur- 
 3ration of the Khe- 
 
 EGYPT DEAD. 
 
 Are thy Pyramids still smiling 
 
 'i'o the everlasting sun, 
 Mighty Mizraim of the sand-waste. 
 
 As they smiled in ages gone ? 
 
 Is thy Sphinx still grandly gazing 
 
 With those melanclioU- 
 
 eves. 
 
Tfic L and of Egypt, 
 
 Drinking in delicious moonlight 
 I- rum those silver-showering skies? 
 
 Does thy gray Mnkattam cliff-rangc 
 Vet protect thy level shore ? 
 
 Is that highway to the desert 
 •Still as lovely as of yore? 
 
 Are thy Pharaohs resting yonder 
 Filling each his fragrant shroud, 
 
 \\ ith their own calm stars above them 
 -vs of old, without a cloud? 
 
 Do they still claim awful homage 
 Oldest peerage of the dead, 
 
 In their shrivelled shrines unconscious 
 i>l the ages that have sped? 
 
 Mystic realm of magic story, 
 Never-changing clime and stream. 
 
 ^hadowy fatherland of science, 
 Home of fafjle and of dream 
 
 i^uried dark beneath the ruins 
 Of dead kingdoms thou has lain 
 
 I'lit thy day of honour dawneth, 
 'l^hou Shalt rise to youth again. 
 
 In His hour of infant exile, 
 Once the Son of God in thee 
 
 Hound a refuge from the tyrant, 
 Underneath ihy sheltering tree 
 
light 
 
 ing skies ? 
 
 i ff- range 
 
 re? 
 
 •t 
 
 The L and of Egypt. 
 
 And li)r iliis thou art remembered ; 
 
 This great debt shall be rejiaid. 
 In earth's age of promised glory 
 
 Israel's f'rod shall lift thy head. 
 
 'I'he voice of seers hath sjioken 
 Words of glorious light and rest , 
 
 it has 1)1 -St thee lonely l''.gyi)t : 
 And thou shalt — thou shalt be blest 
 
 ^3 
 
 nder, 
 iroud, 
 Jove them 
 
 lage, 
 conscious 
 
 stream. 
 
 '->). 
 
 -<e 
 
 lain 
 in. 
 
THE GREAT BABYLON. 
 
 Pi;*j 
 
 Au.unl ten- places referred to in JJible story docs there ,., 
 
 he. such a u,erd and au'some interest as around this ;. 
 
 uowned nietropohs. Founded by Nimrod, the great grandson 
 
 nf V.ah, ,t soon rose to in.portance, and took rank an o . ■ 
 
 most celebrated c.t.es of the olden time. This wa n, 
 
 located, be ng one of the richest and most fertile in tin- 
 «-orId : and partly on account of the enterprismg spirit of it. 
 '"I'alj.tants. The plain of Shinar, with UichSt was ur 
 
 lates and the I.gr.s, and extended some four hundred mi es 
 
 dred miles m width. By a complicated system of canals 
 and watercourses the amazing productiveness of he soil ^ 
 
 s^.r'aS^r';^ ^^'^"^ "i^ ^ teeming ;:;^^;; 
 
 \cre tnus .ared for. I he extraordinary fertility of the soil 
 ..madenKitter for special mention by Various vrite si i 
 ^K to be the only place in the world where wCgrm 
 ^^'W. a>Hl the returns that grain made to the sower we e 
 usually from two hundred to three hundred fold. The nro 
 ducts of the sod met every need, and m the abundance and 
 variety of the same there was little left to wish for 
 
 nil" I'^NlKRI'RtSrNMi SI-rRlT 
 
 «f tlie people- was first manifcsled in the resolve to build ■, 
 
 speca occasions, or a general headquarters fo tie tr ansae 
 t.on of public business, but be this L it .uav udi ^^^ 
 -as not m accordance with the Divine plans\lp;rpoes 
 
^.-•. 
 
 I'Jic Crcat /hi/'yIcii. 
 
 3YL0N. 
 
 story docs there ga- 
 
 as around this rc- 
 . the great grandson 
 :>ok rank among the 
 This was partly 
 on in wliich it was 
 nost fertile in the 
 rprising spirit of its 
 
 wliich it was sur- 
 ^sits of the Eu|)h 
 bur hundred miles 
 ed about one hun- 
 
 system of canals 
 less of the soil was 
 cming population 
 fertility of the soil 
 
 rious writers, it is 
 here wheat grows 
 the sower were 
 3 fold. The pro- 
 e abundance and 
 rish for. 
 
 esolve to build a 
 :e establish their 
 the unusual, and 
 
 in the temple of 
 ling necessarilly 
 ed the establish- 
 illying point on 
 
 for the transac- 
 y, such a jurse 
 IS and purposes. 
 
 and tlu' confusion i)( tongues an.l \\\v disper:,inii .ibrnad was 
 the roult. ( )ur piirpnr>c. li(j\vcvcr, i^ ni>i sd much just now 
 to enquire into their motives as lo I'rove diem to have been 
 possessed of a sjiirit of daring and of enleri>rise, and widi- 
 out which little will be accomplished by either man or na- 
 tion. The riiiiis of the huge structure place beyond doubt 
 or (juestion the magnitude ot die undertaking, and especially 
 in view ot the linuled knowledge and lack of appliances 
 peculiar to primitive times. On the assumption thai the 
 Temple of Jielus was the original structure, or one built upon 
 the same foundation, it appears to have been oblong in form. 
 and to have had a circumference of about a half a mile, and 
 about oiie thousand feet high, or nearly thre-- times the 
 height of .St. Paul's Cathedral, in London. The whole sum- 
 mil of the luins have been converted into solid vitritied 
 masses as if they had been subjected to the tiercest fin;s-- 
 a circumstam e that lends countenance to the ancient tradi- 
 tion that the Tower of 1 label was rent by fire from Heaven. 
 This same enterprising spirit was manifested froiu age to 
 age in their efforts to develo]) the resources of the country, 
 to streiiglithen its defences, and to extend its sway of other 
 peoples and tribes. The climax was readied when Nebuc- 
 hadne//.ar, the greatest and must powerful of the Chaldean 
 kings, built cities, repaired temples, constructed (puiys. 
 ie>er\oirs. canals and aqueducts on a scale of surjjassing 
 magnificence and grandeur lUit his eflbrts were especially 
 devoted to the making of hiscaiiital, in size, strength, beauty 
 and wealth, the (^ueen City of the world. 'I'liis he could 
 afford to do, for having swept the Kast with his concpiering 
 legions the vast treasures found in Nineveh, Jerusalem, Sa- 
 maria. Egyiit and elsewhere were transferred to Babylon 
 and expeiuled on its fortifications, its palaces and temples. 
 I'he city was four sf|uare, sixty miles in circumference, and 
 surrounded by a wall three hundred feet high, and about 
 eiuhlv wide, built of brick and bitumen. The^e walls were 
 pierced by one hundred gates of brass, of immense si/,e and 
 strength, each of which was the termination of a street, 
 which crossing each other at right angles divided the city 
 into six hundred and twenty-six blocks of diual extent. 15ut 
 the ureatest marvel of all were 
 
 (;.) 
 
'] III (inat InxhYloii. 
 
 riir. iiAN(.i\c, cAkhiNs. 
 
 I'uiltbv tin's nion.'inh to jilciisr his Mc(li;iii (|iiron. wl,,,. 
 
 wcaiiod with the low lc\cl (.f ( 'haldca, loii^^cd tor somclhin, 
 
 to iviiiiiid hi'i- of the woodc-d hills of her iiiitivc land. \~ 
 
 iiiinicnsc cost and l,il/our iIk'sc wcrf coiLstriicicd. IIul 
 
 mounds of masonry were made, soil placed thereon, and full 
 
 ;4ro\vn trees transplanted thereon, and these trees starliii- 
 
 tiom an elevation of nvrr three hundred feet al)ovc the leve'l 
 
 of the streets, had all the ap|)earan(:e of «;ardens haiiginj,^ in 
 
 the an-. ( )n the siimmil of this novel and astonishing strm 
 
 'ure wa^a re-ervoir. with an engine to draw water tt'oin ih: 
 
 river, l.y which the whole was watered. from the shruh- 
 
 and llowers that bloomed along its terraces was home the 
 
 most liagrant odours, from 'the trees that crowned its siimniii 
 
 «:anie the music of singing birds, while the whole was well 
 
 calculated to till the beholder with tlelighl and wonder. Tn 
 
 iiii: iiisidin- 
 
 ot this great city the attention of the reader is now directed. 
 As already slated, it was founded about one hundred years 
 alter the I-'lood, by Ximrod, who is spoken of in Scripture 
 as - a mighty hunter." Whatever else this may mean, it no 
 doubt refers to his successful combats with wild beasts. 
 Owmg to the sparseness of the i)opulalion a very natural 
 dread of attack from these creatures woukl be felt, and 
 any one couragecnis enough to fight them would be readih' 
 hailed as a leader. As David claimed that his killing the 
 lion and the bear fitted him to grapple with Goliath, so his 
 victories over animals led Ximrod to measure swords with 
 men. .Su.h a man in a jirimitive state of society is sure to 
 gather around him others of similar habits and tastes ; and 
 out (It this grew an army which soon made itself to be felt. 
 I ribe alter tribe was conquered and their territories annexed. 
 .111(1 ■• the kingdom." of which - the beginning wa« IJabel " 
 s(.on became widely extended. In the year i j;^ 15. T. the 
 Province of Assyria rose against and reduced the mother 
 Slate to a condition of 
 
The (iriuit luibylon. 
 
 -I 
 
 \A— \1 \'.K, 
 
 lian (]iR'on, who, 
 gcd for somethiii- 
 nativt- land. At 
 iistriictcd. Ilii-r 
 1 thereon, and full 
 hesc trees starting; 
 ;et ahovc the level 
 irdeiis hangiiif,' in 
 astonisiiing striir 
 i\v water from ilir 
 I'loni the shrill i> 
 fes was home the 
 rowned its suininii 
 e whole was well 
 \\\(\ Wonder. 'I'o 
 
 r is now directed, 
 ne luindred years 
 ■n of in Scripture 
 
 may mean, it no 
 •ith wild l)easl->. 
 
 a Very natural 
 uld he felt, and 
 would he readilv 
 U his killing the 
 1 Ooliath. so hi> 
 sure swords with 
 ;ociet:y is sure to 
 and tastes ; and 
 : itself to he felt, 
 ritories annexed. 
 ling was liahel." 
 
 1 2 
 
 ('. the 
 'ed tlie mother 
 
 / >■) 
 
 whi.h (ondilion .onlinued to exist until the year 625 h. ( .. 
 when Nahoi,.,-lassar. the .\ssyrian governor raised tlie slan- 
 a,nl of revolt, and. with the aid of the Medes, once more 
 nu<le ISihvlon an nxlei-endent powrr. He was succeeded 
 l,v his son Nehuchadne/./ar. under whose vigorous and i)ro- 
 ,/ressive policv the nati..n ro>e to the highest pinnacle ot 
 ■earlhlv greatness, and was exprosivdy descrihed as '-the 
 ,rlorv of kingdoms." This condilicm ot affan-s continued l.)r 
 ei-h'ty seven vears, when this mighty emi-ire hecameathmg 
 oUhe past. 'l5elsha/,/ar. the grandson of the great Nehu<- 
 hadne/zar. had inherited the gh)ry, riches, i.ower and splen-_ 
 ,luiir hut had not profiled hy the startling experiences ot 
 thai remarkahle man. Despite the frequent warnings ot 
 Heivrii he gave loose reign to his evil passions, grew worse 
 and W(Mse as the davs went l)y, and committed the crown- 
 in- actof foUv and impielv when he commanded the vessels 
 of'the I.ord's' house at lerusalem, which Nelnichadnez/.ar 
 h.id hroughl from ihence, hut had never dared lo desecrate, 
 to he hroughl to do honour to his idols at a drunken caroib 
 sal Ihen it was when decency and proi.ncty had heeii 
 thus -rosslv outraged that the fingers of an unearthly luind 
 traced upon the i-alace walls in strange and unknown char- 
 acter the doom of king and kingdom. 
 
 The occasion of this feast appe.ars to have heen this. For 
 some time immediatelv i.receding the Province of Hahylon 
 had heen invaded hy the Medo-l'ersians, and the city itselt 
 had heen hcsieged. lUit as the walls were deemed impreg- 
 nahle, the gates well guarded, and the granaries and store- 
 houses ])rovided witli twenty years food supplies, no alarm 
 had heen felt. Suddenly, however, the invaders had seem- 
 in-lv withdrawn, and as nothing of them could he seen from 
 the walls or towers it was reacHly assumed they had raised 
 the siege and ended the war. The whole population united 
 in Ihe general rejoicing. I'he enemy was made the suhject 
 of scoff and jeer. The guards deserted their posts, and the 
 uales in the i)alace walls and river front were left opeii, the 
 Mames of idolatrous sacrifice shot up from the altars ot IJeUis. 
 The hanging gardens were all ahla/.e with lami>s and torches, 
 and souikIs of riot and revelry were he'- d on every hand. 
 lUit the enemy had not retired, anu v'hile the unconsci- 
 
JS 
 
 I I'l (i iwit luihylon. 
 
 Ill r.M^lill.r ;|,|,j 
 
 '"'■"''•"'''-' •'-' -vav upon th. c.;.r uh J , " c ;. 
 
 laiM'd •• Ihc I 
 
 '"ii'T';'": ;;'■'■ .'!'":': "^''/"xi'-'thcronn.M,;,, 
 
 IIUii 
 
 • \l'iT lllr CDlnnicsl In- tl,,. \r..,i n 
 
 ;;;;;;;: n^*;'i;,f;;;;':r'-«f---M.:,„;;:;^,;;:, 
 
 HEAPS or KilXS. 
 
 iS in 
 
 caving the gates (jpcn ; that ihcv 
 
,'<<I in fi'iistin^r ;|,|,| 
 
 •■'1 into till- l.ikc. Ill, 
 
 t'UiTcd tin- ( ity \,\ 
 
 'l"'ii K'"'-^ ;iti(l inci, 
 
 "••is (if llu: (lid II, 
 when tlic try u.i, 
 nd in tlic cotifiisidi) 
 l;s w.is liurrifd iniu 
 
 sians it steadily >lc 
 iKT [losition |)r()Vf(l 
 vi'iiinitMit ;ind took 
 '1 ofivci-iving taxes 
 
 Weil' most exorhi- 
 
 \\e,ikeii it in view 
 jxeeplion of Cyrus 
 Nts rulers seem to 
 
 incapjlilr of siK 
 I'osc of the latter 
 I' make it thecapi- 
 enled lidni accom- 
 eii;ht of his jjowcr 
 i eaiiscs. too nuni 
 
 I to her fall. Ra- 
 (-'<-l in turn hv the 
 man, the Saracen 
 inee ceased io ex- 
 
 ar t and uiisi^hih 
 
 I 
 
 ■///(■ Ij'riti/ lUihyh'ii. '' 
 
 were lo lie oppressed and spoiled l>v then 
 :i, , Hiiiiiy around would become pardieilanu ili>.anu 
 cease lo be the fertile region it t'ormerly had been ; th.il the 
 ^ea was to come up upon it ; it was to lie the home of all 
 dulfful ( ivaUiivs ; it was iievcr a-ain to be inhabiled : and 
 tin- ruin and desolaiion were to lie widespread and af. 
 
 palling. 
 
 \ i(W iMiails from the des.riptions given f)f these rums 
 bv modern travellers are all thai our limited space will allow. 
 but these will be sufficient lo show that these prophecies 
 have l)een fulfilled to llu' very leller. r.etwecn ihe :,( ( oimts 
 -iven of its captuie by lleroiblus end Xeiiophou, and wliat 
 di.' Ilible had said should l)e th'jre is a perfect agreemeiil. 
 liie land is •• so dry and barren that it cannot be tilled ;" it 
 
 m untrodden desert on eiliter side of the river ; the ali 
 ,.;-,cc of all cultivation. Uie sterile, arid and wild chara< ler 
 of the whole scene formed a contrast to the rich and de- 
 lightful ai(()unls delineated in Scripture." " liabylon is 
 ii'iw a silent scene, a sublime solitude, a silence iirofound as 
 the grave reigns throughout tlie ruins." -'it is si)urneil 
 alike by the heel of the' Ottoman, the Israelite, and the son 
 of ishn'iael." '■ It is a tenantless and desolate metropolis." 
 riie wandering Arab could not be persuaded to spend a 
 night among its ruins, beheving it to be haunted with e\il 
 spirits. " The king of the forest now ranges over the site of 
 that liabylon that Nebuchadne/ziir ])uiU for his ovn glory, 
 and is the unmolested retreat of jackals, hyenas and other 
 noxious animals." •• And the owl howling amid its broken 
 ruins, proclaims with a voice irresistil)le ami full of meaning, 
 
 1 
 
 details had been 
 me when nothing 
 
 seen, as any one 
 o compare these 
 ( 'ondensing the 
 ■^t possible space 
 the Medes under 
 It I lie enemy was 
 h rough the citv : 
 s to be the care- 
 'Jpen ; that thev 
 
 im woKD, o (;i)r), is trie. 
 
 We conclude this paper with a brief extract from " Keith 
 on the Prophecies," which cannot fail to 1k' of interest to the 
 pious reader. •• Is there any spot on earth which has un- 
 dergone a more comjileie transformation ? The records of 
 the human race do not present a contrast more striking 
 than thai between the primeval magnificence of liabylon 
 and its long desolation. Its ruins have l)een carefully and 
 s( ru]niluusly examined l)y men of unimpeachcd veracity, 
 and the result of every research is a more striking demon- 
 
 stration of the literal accompHshment 
 
 everv 
 
 prediction. 
 
.U) 
 
 /■///■ (ii\nt Piihyloii, 
 
 more- pro., sc. .„• ^.n.I.nul. nr mu.ikt.h s. .'r tnu- , , , . 
 
 AiHl wlK.n tluy lunk ., what Ilal.vlon was.^n,.! w „ 
 K.i.Hl,H.,.nuMK. ;ninu.c .v.,li/,.ti,;n ..f tlu,„ all. ,n,,v\,.:, 
 
 l!.\ ll\ l,()\ 
 
 i.\ 
 
 \\ 1 N ll i~. 
 
 *' III \v the- l.aniifr on lii-h <,'cr the mountain. 
 
 I.athctriMnprt l.cluu.land tlu- M-innlar Urn • 
 I"'- l';"cl shall tall as a dro,, In.nuhc (uinitain ' 
 
 And leave not a tra. r where her glories have Ikhh. 
 
 I li^'P>m<;eln,n, ins hall and the sertlroni his labour 
 .^iKill g.r.I on the „ n,a,l. and wave high the war swor.l • 
 
 IJu the hand shall relax from hs grasp of, h. sabre, 
 
 And the heart shall grow faint in the wrath of the f,ord. 
 
 Ti>cn.o,,n in her light and sun in his splendour 
 
 Mjal hue the.r p,n;e ray from the proud city's fall : 
 
 \\ l.ie tin. k -loud, ol mist and of darkness attend her 
 And night wraps her streets like a funeral pall. 
 
 I'nr the Mcdes fro.n th. nr.rth like a whn'lwind shall gather. 
 And Labylon yield to the might of the brave • 
 
 Slvill h\''d""^' 1''"",'"',"^^ '•'■'•'^' and the gray-headed tatlur 
 ■Shall la\ their heads low ,n the dust of the grave. 
 
 HcT halls .hall be still, and their pavements be gorN ' 
 .V,t a sound heard of nnrth or of revelling the'e ' 
 
 l-n he pnde ol the fhaldees. the boast of their glorv. 
 '•Atmguished hke Sodom, be blasted and bare. ' 
 
 niMhe spot where timu raised thy front, mightv nation. 
 
 Siiall the owl have his nest, and the wild beast his ,\^x^ ■ 
 I H.V courts shall be desert, thy name Desolatij!.. " 
 
 ^^<'a' the tyrant of cities, the jesr of them tarn. 
 
'k'<-- I'l.iic have lut u 
 lis or trill', or nioi. 
 inaiiy ^viuratinn^ ^ 
 II ".IS, aii.l what II 
 'I' llu'li) all, may ti, 
 ■'iiMc. .111,1 111, IV 1,,, 
 
 THE ASSYRIAN CAPITAL 
 
 NINKVl H. 
 
 iliitaiii, 
 tar ki'fii ; 
 iiintain. 
 •^ lia\r hfiii. 
 
 II liis laliotir 
 the war swonl : 
 the sahro, 
 
 1.1th of the F,or(l. 
 
 iidoiir 
 
 (1 city's fall : 
 is attend her. 
 ral pall. 
 
 uiiul sliall leather. 
 
 my-headcd father 
 the ^aaw. 
 
 ts be j^'or\ . * 
 ig there ; 
 '' tiicir glorv. 
 Ibare. 
 
 ight> nation, 
 beast his den ; 
 ition. 
 I ///n/. 
 
 Ninevah was one of thi j^reatest and most important 
 . :,. (it the olden lime, and was in many respects the peer 
 (-1 the Chaldean capital. Founded by the same renowned 
 • iiieft.iin, snrrounded by substantially the same kind of 
 . uuntrv in regard to climate, soil .iiid productions, and siib- 
 ie< t to the same intUiences and conditions, they very natur 
 ^llv bore a striking resemblance to each other. They liad 
 ic same ..s'gressive spirit, the same warlike tastes and ten- 
 1, lines, the same love of power, and the same desire to 
 iii.ike lor themselves . I name. Of its earlier history coin 
 p.iratively little is known, its rise to greatness was slow, and 
 iin -pec i,il mention is made of it in the inspired records im 
 111 after the estalilishment of the rival kingdoms of Israel 
 ind ludah. The sovereigns of .Assyria are then introduced 
 <- the le.iders of mighty armies, as the rejiresentatives of a 
 ^reat power, and as exercising authority over widely ex- 
 tended territories. And from that time forw.ird we find fre- 
 , lent allusion made to it both in the historical and i)ro- 
 pluiieal books of the Hible. 
 
 lis imiiortance as a political ceiure tlates from about the 
 year i-;,o 15. C. when Ninus 11. greatly enlarged !l and 
 made it the chief city then evisiing. .According to niodoru-, 
 it w.is fortv-eiglu miles in rirc umference. surrounded by 
 w.ilU an hundred feet in height, and so broad that three 
 (liariots (ould drive abreast thereon, .md on these walls 
 were fiueeii hundred towers, each over two hundred feet 
 high. In .he days of the i)rophet Jonah ii h.ul a population 
 of some six hundred thousand souls, and according to I'.ast 
 em standards had attained a high degree of civilization. 
 I'.ilaces, parks and jileasure gardens abounded ; magnificent 
 temples, colossal images ui winged bulls and lions with hu- 
 
3~ The Assyrian Capital. 
 
 man fares, and the most elaborate svnil.ols of idolitnrs 
 \y()rsliii) u-ere seen on every Iiand ; warehouses stored uni, 
 the merchanchse of the nations : mansions and monuments 
 themasteriHeces of art and invention ; and die trophies i;„i 
 niscni)tions commemorative of heroes and heroir diri i- 
 arrested the attention of the passer I)y : and a thousand ;md 
 one other ol)jecls of uiterest bore testimonv to the wealth 
 and t^'randeur of this great city. 
 
 All this has been f-ully sustained bv the discoveries oi 
 l.ayard and others while excavating the ruins thereof ilie 
 I'alaees and buildings laid open bv them were full of seiiln- 
 tures all covered with inscriptions which recorded the words 
 and tieeds of the ancients. Two winged humaivheaded 
 lions were found, twelve tVet long and the same broad be- 
 sides wuiged bulls, winged sphinxes, and a remarkable 
 ol)elisk of black marble, sculptured on the four sides. T.ic 
 histnry of a whr^le campaign is given bv the .Assvrian artist, 
 and "all the details thereof are treated with a taste, spirit. 
 correctness and delicacy of execution excelling everythin" 
 el>e known in Asiatic art." A truthful impression 'seems 
 always to be aimed at, and it is this that lends especial value 
 to these sculptures. " And the labour bestowed on the 
 careful finish of a priest's dress, and the tasteful decoration 
 of an article of furniture, proves them to have been the work 
 ol an ingenious and painstaking people." 
 
 And liere we are reminded that while a man or a j.eople 
 may achieve the granda^t results in the realm of Art, that 
 self-same man or people may occuijy a very low position m 
 the realm of morals. Of this history, both ancient and mod- 
 ern, has furnished many melancholy examples. •• Rome 
 was never more depraved and abominable than when it had 
 Michael Angelo to build St. Peter's and Raphael to fix-co 
 the \ atican. The cai)ital of France was never more like 
 Rome than when the Crand Monarque, Louis the l-'our 
 teenth, da/zled the world with his splendid court, and the 
 great masters ot every land were decorating the palaces of 
 lontambleau, \-ersailles and the Louvre with the loftiest 
 achievements of art. And to-dav, if we would look for some 
 of the most ignorant, vicious and degraded of the whole 
 Luropean i^opulation, we shall fiiul them under the shadow 
 of architectural structures which are the wonder of the 
 world for l)eauty and magnificence. Thev have grown up 
 
taL 
 
 ymliols of idolairnib 
 rchousL's stoivd wiih 
 HIS and inDnuinnns, 
 
 and Iieroic dan'.i^. 
 
 and a thousand and 
 
 imonv to the \walth 
 
 )>■ the th'sccnt'iifs (jj 
 
 ■ r;iins tlicrcof. The 
 
 in were full of snil|i- 
 
 1 recorded the words 
 
 nged huinandieaded 
 
 he same broad, he- 
 
 and a, reniarkahlc 
 
 he four sides. I'lic 
 
 the Assyrian artist, 
 
 witli a taste, sjiirit. 
 
 exeeding everything,' 
 
 1 impression seems 
 
 lends es]jecial value 
 
 ir bestowed on the 
 
 tasteful decoration 
 
 have been the work 
 
 a man or a people 
 .-' realm of Art, that 
 very low position in 
 th ancient and niod- 
 •xamples. •• Ron)e 
 le than when it had 
 :1 Raphael to fresco 
 IS never more like 
 .', I.ouis the I'our 
 iilid court, and the 
 iting the palaces of 
 re with the loftiest 
 ivould look for some 
 ided of the whole 
 
 under the shadow 
 Ik- wonder of the 
 ey have grown up 
 
 The Assy rid// Cap/t'^l- 
 
 ^ ^ 
 
 .').') 
 
 ,-,,, „,„ opportunity every day of tlwir lives to gaze upon 
 : |;,Lan!lVannn,gs which the greatest ...stsoUu.,.^^ 
 
 .,nt a-'e can onlv imitate but never excel. In three nm 
 dred ^ears the highest art has chuu- less to retme and nm 
 .e\he common people o, Ro.ne and Naples than wouh 
 l,c done in a single >ear by the >pellmg b.-ok and the 
 
 '■''nuswas true of old time Nineveb. In die days of its 
 . ^„v and power, when its weaUli and magnificence dehcd 
 :kM-nplion. the chauuter of its people was vile m the ex- 
 treme Cruel in war. arrogant and overbearing towards the 
 con.iuere.l. and addicted to every species of vice and m- 
 i„uiiv. thev iustlv earned Uie halved ot men and the displea- 
 .nvofCHul" Sin and suffering ever follow each other m 
 ,he'relatinn..f cause and effect, and bavmg been guilty ot 
 ,h. one the oUier wa. the natural and necessary result 
 
 \ud having duis arrayed against tliemselves the Cod ot 
 ,un ami the armies of tlie earth escaj.e was impossible 
 
 /.dthe destruction that came upon them was utter and 
 
 iiieinedialile. . , ,- 
 
 r„ avert sucli a fearful fate by a timely relormation op- 
 ,„,rtunilv had been ,itTnrde<l them, and it was tor this that 
 Innah had appeared among them with his awful message— 
 -In full v (lavs and Nineveh shall be overthrown." As to 
 l„,w it was to be done no intimation was given, whether by 
 .ardiouake, volcano, pestilence, or by tire and brnnstone 
 ■M,u, above, but the earnestness of this herald ot woe, and 
 lus eviden. belief in his own utterances, so impressed the 
 public heart and conscience that, from the king upon his 
 throne to the (aptive in his cell, all believed the words ot 
 the iireacher. and repenting sat in sackcloth and in ashes 
 but tlu' reformation was only of a transient character, and 
 'lie threatened doom was onlv delayed and changed m form. 
 
 \ little later 
 
 rllE KflX CAMK, 
 
 ; ;in that was overwhelming and irreparable. 
 1 he work ot ruin was begun by die capture of the city by 
 r.e Mede> and IJabvlonian.,. who sticked it and gave it up 
 
 > |.illaue. sword and' hre. From that it never recovered, 
 ;:e d.cstruction was comi)lete, the walls were ra/ed to their 
 
H 
 
 7 liL Assyritvi Capital. 
 
 foundations, and the very materials with which they had ] 
 I>een constructed appear to liave been taken to build ii| 
 towns and cities elsewhere. This probably is tlie rea.soi: 
 why so little is said about it in after years— it had litcralh 
 disap])eared from the face of the earth. Ft is said that a-! 
 far bark as the second century it had utterly perished, no; 
 a vestige of it remained, and none could lelj wlierc it onct | 
 vas situatefl. It is to-day without one moninnentof rovaln.i 
 without any token whatevei- of splendour or of wealth, a 
 desolation, empty, void and waste. 
 
 .Ml this had been f(jretoKl by the Hebrew jirophel in term- 
 so ])lain that on reading their detailed and specific state- 
 ments we almost imagine the words before us are those oi 
 the historian rather than tliose of the ])rophct. 'I'lu dts- 
 truction of Xineveh was the theme of the liook of Xaluim. 
 and it was there foretold that " the gates of the river shai'. 
 be o]>ened, and the palaces shall be dissolved. Niiicvch. 
 like a pool of water, with an overflowing flood he will make 
 an utter end of the place thereof.""' (Xahum ch. ii., 
 •'While they are folden together as diorns, and while the\ 
 arc drunken as drunkards, they shall be devoured as stuhhlc 
 fully dry." (Xahum ch. i.) "Take the spoil of silver, 
 take the spoil of gold ; for there is no end of the store and 
 glory out of all the ideasant furniture." (Xahum ii.) Iroin 
 these we learn that tiie city was to be destroyed partly by 
 fire and jiartly by water, during a season of riot and fcs 
 ti\it\ , and the tlestroycrs were to find much treasure tlu rein. 
 and the Greek historian furnishes the particulars of the caj)- 
 ture, corroljorating every item as given above. " The Lord 
 will make an utter end of the jilace thereof. Aflliction shall 
 not rise up the second time, she is eir^^'ty, void and waste-." 
 (Xah. i. ii. iii.) '• '['he Lord will stretch out his handagaiiisi 
 the north, and destroy Assyria, and will make Nineveh a 
 desolatidU, and dry like a wilderness, a place for beasts to 
 lie down in." (Zeph. ch. ii.) Many other passages of sim- 
 ilar import are met with in the prophetic writings which 
 need not be quoted here, but to which the reader is recom 
 mended to refer. From these he will learn that nati'Mia' 
 wickedness |)ersisted in is sure to end in national desiiiK 
 lion, for nowhere will he find this more i)ainfully illustratni 
 '.hail aiiiidsl these ruins which are 
 
 KMI'IV, VOID AM) WASli: 
 
apital. 
 
 a Is with which they hac] 
 l)cen taken to huijd nj 
 prohal)!}' is the rcnsoi;| 
 
 LT wars — it had htcrali\ 
 cartli. It is said that a* i 
 
 had utterly |)erishe(l. no: 
 could te'l where it oncc | 
 
 one monument of nnaltv. 
 
 plendour or of wealth, a 
 
 Hebrew prophet in term- 
 ailed and sjiecific state- 
 Is before us are those ol' 
 if the prophet. The des- 
 
 of the book of Naluini. 
 e gates of the river >liari 
 be tlissolvcd. Nineveh. 
 )wing flood he will make 
 eof" (Xahum ch. ii.i 
 IS ihonis, and while thc\ 
 11 be devoured as stuhhle 
 ake the spoil of silver. 
 •■, no end of the store and 
 are." (Xahum ii.) I'rum 
 to be destroyed partly by 
 
 season of riot and fes 
 lid much treasure therein, 
 he ])articulars of the cap- 
 ven above. " The Lord 
 
 tliereof .-Vflliction -liall 
 en::'ty. void and waste." 
 retch out his handagain.^t 
 id will make Nineveh a 
 jss, a place for beasts to 
 :iy other passages of sim- 
 prophctic writings which 
 ich the reader is recuni 
 ; will learn that natjiinai 
 > end in national desiiuc 
 more painfully illustrated 
 
 w As ri:. 
 
 THE STRONG CITY OF TYRE, 
 
 .: u,uer. contributing each Us quota, -^- " ^ ,^ ^'^ 
 ,1,, f,.„,,ving lis:. Piue, tk, cedar, cypre.s ^ -' ' ^ :^^ , 
 n,. svcamoiv. olive and acac:,a trees ; ^^l^^^^ >;' ^; ''^,^;,. 
 other grains and cereals ; apncots, P^^^;^^- ,^ ^ ,Es 
 .r,H.ues. citrons, sugar cane, grapes f^ ^'^^ \ ^^ ^^^, 
 .n„U nf building stone and iron ; hsh ui V'^' ^^^^ J^^^^, 
 .,1k. cotton, md.go. meats,, m.lk and honey \'^^J^XL 
 
 ,,,, laid the foundations of what became kno^^n as 
 nii: sTKoNc. cirv oi tvrk. 
 
 ,urroundings lay within the limits of the 
 ul on the division of the country oy 
 
 : ii\ and its s 
 
 iM,i,u-ed l.aud, aiui w,, w.. .7' " , . , ,. It is verv 
 
 ,,.hua U fell to the lot of the ^■•'^'^^' ' ,t nos sin c^t 
 vsident, however, that it never came nuo the P^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 .he Israelites ; its people >nanilan.ed a separa e a^ 1« 
 ,.<iuon ; and David. .Solomon, and other Hebteu moP.ai. 
 , „,u/e<l its rulers as independent sovereigns. 
 11,,.., tv was not. however, confined to the ^^f^ 
 rcil was part nisular and part continental, ^''^ ^^-:.^, 
 ,, bein^Margelv devoted to trade and busuiess, and t. . 
 
?><'> 
 
 'J'iic Sti;>iio- City of Tv 
 
 uhol... cMni^ra.in^ an a;v., ..I M,inr ninetcL-n miles in vm 
 eivm r. Il ua^ siiin.ini.Ird by u-alls one lum.'.rcd fa 
 tu-i-in, and hioad in proiMU-lion. ( nn.tnicied of hu'^" M, 
 ot sione, nn.l , cineiitcd to-clht-r I.v a wliite plastt'r 
 houses ucTch. fly, the i-iiM,,- buildin-s imposin- and'.,- 
 nnd Its defences a-ain>tho.tile attack of the most forml.l 
 character. Its situation was verv fine, and its ma-nifi, 
 '"'"•"nation of land and .ea scenery formed the tliem 
 many an jnicieiit oration mmX son^. 
 
 (:ommercially considere.l Alexandria and I,on,l„n re. 
 
 I»lcd lyre more than any other cities of either ancien 
 
 modern inn-., but there .vere stron- points of dissimila 
 
 "'/■•i'"' '•'>'■■ Alexandria vvas always subject to fort 
 
 rule, while London, great as is jier wealth and vast 
 
 trade, does not centre in herself as 1'vre did without a' r 
 
 or competitor, ih.e trade of all nation^ nor does she hold 
 
 ai)solute monopoly of not one, but of everv branch of c. 
 
 nierce. I-or a thousand years not a single productior 
 
 he I'.asl passed to the W'e.st. or of die West to the F 
 
 but by her merchants. F,,,- ages no ship, but hers darec 
 
 pass tne .Straits of the Red .Sea on the one hand, or of 
 
 Mediterranean on the other. While the vessels of ot 
 
 lands were groping along die coasts, clinging to their lai 
 
 marks and frightened at a bree/e. her ^hi'ps were fou 
 
 fnmi .Spam and Jlrilain to the coasts of Malabar and i 
 
 Canaries. .\„ wr.nder that her mercliants were ])rinces a 
 
 lived in a style ot splendour unknown in anv other coun 
 
 (.1 that age, or that she should have been considered a in< 
 
 desirable ac-iuisition by the succes.sive rulers of the wor 
 
 Her 
 
 111 SiXK.sS COX.MXTIOXS 
 
 are minutely described in the -nth. 27th -,Sth and - 
 c-liapter of the i>rophecy of F/ekiel. and the extern of 1, 
 trade wuh Ix.di the Fast and the West given in del. 
 iToin this we learn that in his day in her marts were foiii 
 the products of manufacturing skill and genius, the nobh 
 works 01 art, and die finest specimens of the unbreathi: 
 things of Nature, m a word the prophet shows us verv cleai 
 t.uit she wa.s the storehouse of ail the rare and costlvobjec 
 ot iitjhty and beaut.v that humaniiv could wish or mankii 
 couki furnish. 
 
V' City of Tyi. . 
 
 I M'liK' niiK-kx-n miles in circiim 
 ■<1 l>y walls one huiidred feet in 
 tiDii. (..n-^tnieied of lui<,a' l)|(ick> 
 elher l.y ;i white plaster. The 
 ■ l)ijil(lin,L,s imposing and gniiul, 
 ile attack of the most forniidalije 
 s very fine, and its magnificent 
 ca .-.cenery formed the theme of 
 d song. 
 
 Alexandria and London reseiii- 
 olher cities of either ancient oi 
 re strong points of dissimilarity 
 was always subject to foreiirn 
 as is her wealth and vast her 
 iNcIf as Tyre did wiihoiil a' rival 
 ill nations, nor docs siie hold an 
 He, hut of every hrancli of c.mi- 
 ai-N not a single production of 
 . or of the West to the l';a>t, 
 ages no ship- hut hers dared to 
 Sea on the one iiand, or of the 
 •■ While the vessels of other 
 It' coasts, dinging to their land- 
 hree/e. her shi|)s were found 
 the coasts of Malai)ar and the 
 fier inercliants were j)rinces and 
 unknown in any other couiuiy 
 d have been considered a most 
 successive rulers of the wt)rld. 
 
 O.NNKCTJOXS 
 
 he --ruh. .'jth. j.Sth and ,:;;>t 
 K/.ekiel, and the extent of her 
 nd the West given in detail. 
 s day in her marts were found 
 
 '/•//<■ Stroui^ City of Tyre. 
 
 skil 
 
 and gennis, the nobles! 
 
 specnnens of Uie unbreathiii!: 
 ic i)ropliet .shows us very clearly 
 I ail the rare and costly objects 
 laniiy coidd wish or mankind 
 
 l_s-. 
 
 ,„ ,,, u.ough varied in its t\.rms and ^^'''f);:'^;^ 
 the same always and everywhere, and. it un.e- 
 
 enii.illv 
 
 |)entedof. is sure to e 
 
 ml m nun. 
 
 Doubtless the Tyrians had 
 
 ;:, , ' iminuac a-kUinns ,ha. h,,ds,. long «'*' -•»- 
 , ,i.. IVivid •in( SoOmon had been gicativ 
 
 'rJ:;al;;7;:m.K;n ofTy.-c.andtheirmenh,.dwc,rked 
 
 ; peparingn.Uerialsi;n-lhedenM'lcn.lcrusaem; 
 
 :,;- l^aremol Solon.on were numd_>^donun ,.nH^^^^ 
 
 ,„, ,hat en^bodnnent of ab.hty -^^^^^^[^^Zx 
 .au. ,.f Ahab, came therefrom. _ It has been "f^^ ^ ™ 
 !„v,ah\ destruction of the 'I'ynan .dols. worshipped by he 
 e' ws iKul aroused the.r md.gnal.on, and this, coupled 
 X^ IM- that the trade of Jerusalem would pass tnto 
 ,:. hands, led to this heartless and cruel ^-Y>^^^ J^^ 
 . .:. ,1,, prophet refers when he says : - liecause that It 
 ':;.' lerusalem-Aha, she is broken that was the 
 ^aics ot the people, she is turned unAo nie ; I ^">' i;^;,;: 
 ^|,ni.hed now she is laid waste ; thej^fore ^h '-^ ^h e 
 1,,,, P,,,„ld 1 am against thee, O '^^'^^^''^^'^^ 
 natL.ns lo come up agai.isl thee as the sea can eh 
 , „ .;.^ to come up." - 1 will scrape her dnst from he . 
 „;,1 nuke her hke the top of a rock ; it shall ^'^ M'l^ce for 
 avading of nets in the midst of the ^^-'^^ / /^'7 . '\'' 
 . ..r.it. s^nth the Lord God." '• Thou shalt be bmlt no 
 
 hi' 
 
 .\11 this has been 
 
 I.iri.R.M.I.V FTIlltl.KD. 
 
 . .A particular in the above dread denunciations has been 
 
 niud bv a dislind and unc(iuivocal accomplishment, i t- 
 
 , , ■ , ,• .. i.„ 1 „ t,, ci-irnv nnv siLHis ot ae 
 
 l)V a tUSlUH 1 alio uin-«|ui»w^-iw .-V. , 
 
 ,1 long vears before she began to show any signs ot de- 
 
 ace Ihese threatenings perhaps awakened no tears an. 
 
 ,...,1 no remark. But ruin as the result of si n seldom 
 
 ne^ suddenlv. and never without warning- And m tins 
 
 .,■ intimations were given of what was coming, whicn 
 
 : •, ha.ve l)een turned to good account. But they were 
 
 . and destruction was the result. 
 
 ! or the ac( a.mplishment of the Divine purposes there are 
 
,^s• 
 
 J In- S/n>;/,; City of Tyn\ 
 
 im-ans and agencies ahvavs ivn-1,1,1 . 
 
 f-rcesofuKUMuYnMc , vi , u" "'"1%^" ^^^"^^•- "'^ 
 
 ;;^^^^ o( Sodon) an<! (iomorr.h : Ir , T' ' ' '" "" 
 ''"iii'ic, pestilence anri -J.,,,,, . . 't. i>M)ciate evils; 
 
 ;■'- 1"' -M .1.. X'slni; \;r^;ir '.;',■ ;„t-«'' -f '--'i"-' 
 
 nccasionallv the destnicti.m . -'"i > o*^ •Sennach.nl.l, 
 
 '•>■ -^low and gracl n o . "^;:; •^"''^^•'^•>-- '"'^ ^'--alh 
 
 ">r rdiecion." The 1 ";:::' ,f ''^^'"« .^""^ -^'^ ">a,„r 
 
 '^"^^'"^•<1 'ilv. I. fell befo e h " «l,'^''-'^'ncx. c,f ,]„. a 
 
 '^ndne..ar, on the 1 o 1, Tlvd?'""'"'^ '"'"■^ ^"" ■'^^■''•"■ 
 
 'he Persians, and th /to he ^^,fT'"'''^'''' " '""-'"' 
 
 ^ler the Circa,, u ho. " a ,e l^.^^'f ';;"'->^ ^'"^l*^-- Akvon- 
 
 •esistance of its peo, ■ 'u 1 ' ' ""'"^ ''''^ ^'"''l'"™ 
 
 ->cl thirty ihousanc^;,','^^ •"'"''--/" ''-"^ -1<1 
 
 <-^"m- the mistress of tl e m,r , ''-V ^^ ''^"'^ '^'""^' 1'^- 
 
 •'-ntotheSarains i/V',';rf •'"'"" '"'•^'^"•™'^ 
 Crusaders, and rennined in l ' ' "^.^ ^ l^'^'^'^ ^'-^Pt^'red hv tin 
 
 -9K when the S:^^,irt4^r^^^ 
 •'Ud under uhose swav it s ,t™ "' ^^^^ ^° ">^ ''■-^«- 
 "Tn lent a helpin- hind '"''"'• '-''^"h '■on(|uernr in 
 
 Aln.,hty.and\;;u/;^HsK-c:s'?i.:'V';^''''?''^ 
 
 "ftJie prophetic uritin.^s ec' n n 7 '"' '-^^^ ^'^^' """' 
 
 the case of Tyre. " ' '"">' '^^'-^f^-i'^ed tli.m in 
 
 ^Ve n-ill close this sketch whh o r 
 
 ■tings of modern trav ' " ?;I ^^ '!^^?''^^-- '-" •!- 
 
 ;^ntings of modern u-avelles\vhici vili ^'n '''""^ '''"" 
 have said concerning th '" ^''"-^' ^'^nf'nn all wc 
 
 -^d power J """^ t Kel"'"''""/^'" ^'^" °"- - " 
 I>roached the ruins and b held de'rfl'" '''' T'^^" '"' ^^l'" 
 the .sea. an,l th(> -.-eat .fnn , ""^ ■'^t'"^'« ^ed forth lo 
 
 shore, made .tn and ^noSlU^ ti::^ 7 "^','°"" "" '^^ 
 ^^■'"d. .tnd useful onlv forTl ir, " -'"'^ ^'''^^''^^ ^'"^' 
 
 '"^'"^- •" ^vh.Vh h.nn ened at .1. ' '^' " hshermen's nets, 
 - i>'-ought to his ^^^ Vi^rX^^rv^ ^'— 
 
 'H^ 'lyre, thatstich sh<ntld J t^t^^' ^M "'"•"""" 
 another. " standin.r in fi, . . ' his city, ' savs 
 
 '"un.o similSe of : / . rvtrllirr ?"" '' ' >°^' ^^•'" 
 
 in ancian ti.nes. and uhiS ^J. '.!;;:- ----^ 
 
 •n chapters .6, ,. and 28 of his hooV -' i 7. ^f ^-''''^^'^ 
 
 presses himself: '• Passing, h'rr;- '■^""^'''''' ^^"^ ^■" 
 lassuig |,\ J Me, from curiosity, I camr 
 
/ Tyre. 
 
 '■' various i,, dui^wr 
 enicnts of Xatuiv. thr 
 ^s and tht direct niiuH- 
 'f these iirc found in the 
 j^ind its associate evils 
 111 the death of K^vin'v 
 ^"■■iiy of Sennachd'ibl, 
 suddenly, hm usually 
 rdinL,^ time and maita 
 experience of this n- 
 :i(--rini,r amis of .Xchm- 
 >n empire it passed to 
 I'nians under Akvan- 
 lie long and .stuh!.,,rn 
 lumbers to death, and 
 '".V. "When Rouu' Ix- 
 (-•d under her control : 
 t was ca])tured In th- 
 >tian ni.ie until A. 1). 
 subject to the 'I'urks, 
 Kach con(iueror in 
 the jnirjioses of the 
 nwhere has the tniih 
 illy sustained tlKin in 
 
 quotations from ihc 
 [ fully confirm all \vc 
 ion of this once li. h 
 
 '• that when he ajj- 
 ■s stretched forth to 
 ip and down on the 
 iin and waves and 
 >i fishermen's nets, 
 l)e spread therein, 
 of K/ekiel conceni- 
 
 '• 'I'his city," says 
 It c' distance some- 
 come to it you will 
 it was so renowned 
 
 l"-^ckicl describes 
 
 Another thus ev- 
 il curiosity, I came 
 
 7'/n- .S7/V7/.'- O'/y of Tyn 
 
 39 
 
 I'ci-^ on. 
 , ..j.pcir in 
 Miicnt ol ihi 
 
 ,k 
 
 MliU 
 
 I m 
 lUcd 
 
 : ipu'unf. witness of the truth of that prophe<y. that 
 ihe (lueen of nations, sh<.uld be a rock for tisliers to 
 ■ •••riie l)roken aiiueducls, and the runis 
 it> neighbourhood, e\ist as an affecting 
 fragile and transitory nature of earlhh 
 \t present." says yet an(Mher, •• ami for ages 
 M,.,,iicient and renowned city, once the emi)orium ot 
 ,,■!,!. and bv her great naval superiority the centre of a 
 nnnat/hv. i- lilerallv what the proidiel rei-eatedlv 
 A 11 shouitl be. and what in his time was, humanly 
 in-', so hi-hlv improbable -</ J^aif Rock, a place to 
 1 "u- on," '•' Her present desolation," says Rev. Dr. 
 .... ••acrordin- to the announcement of prophecy, years 
 .ri- the event look place, testifies to the truth ol prophecy. 
 I )ivine inspiration of the Holy ,S( riptmes. and the inter 
 linn, in the affairs of men, of Him who is wise m coun- 
 li-htv in working." And Dr. Ro!)inson adds : •' 1 
 mv walk along the shore, part of which is o( cu 
 . ,1 pla'ce to spread nets upon, musing ui)on the pride 
 iH of ancient Tyre. Here was the little isle, once 
 ,1 ])v her palaces^ and surrounded by her fleets, r.ul, 
 . has become like 'the top of a roc k.' The sole 
 , of more ancient splendour— columns of red and gra\ 
 , sometimes fortv or fifty heaped together, or marble 
 :;e broken, and strewed beneath the waves in the 
 ..| the sea ; and the hovels that now nestle upon a por 
 I h'-x site present no contradiction of the dread decree. 
 
 rmu; sh vi.i r.K iiuii.r M^ mdkk, 
 
 'homson, author of •' The Land and the ISook' 
 
 ■ .Ml have vanished literally like a troubled dream. 
 
 :.i Ivre has sunk under the burden of prophecy. The 
 
 . " V :'■ u itv of Jehovah stands pledged, or seems to be, to 
 
 ■* * As she now is, and has long been. 
 
 i\ If is Clod's witness; but great, powerful, and ])0])ulous. 
 
 ''■■ would be the infidel's boast. This however, she cannot 
 
 Ivre will never rise from her dust to falsify the voice 
 
 . ! , rop'liecy." The same author also states that the inhabi- 
 
 ;i-. of tlie present town which occupies nearly one-halt ot 
 
 i'nmsula, and lies around the harbor to the northwest 
 
 .;!■,, number about three thousand f ,e hundred, halt 
 
 Dr. 
 
40 
 
 Tlic S trollop City of 7yi\. 
 
 nl wh.nn arc Mctawik.I, and .Mninmmcdans, the leMClin 
 Kins and Jtnvs. " Like most Oriental t..\viis." lie savs -th, 
 houses are small, not al.ove tuo slorie. hi-h, and the street 
 iiarnnv, crooked and filthy. its inliahitants are alike dr.t' 
 tute of enlrri>risc and education, carrying on with K-via aiui 
 i.einit a small trade m tobacco raised in lielad Vic'.inn 
 <harcoal and wood from the neighboring hills, and wheat' 
 M raw and hiva null-stones from the Ilaiiran. 'I'his is i snrrv 
 schedule lor the name of Tyre. 
 exlubiL' 
 
 I'lit It IS about al 
 
 sue can 
 
 THE DESOLATION OE j Vki: 
 
 I'V ll.WAliO T.WI.Ok. 
 
 The wild and windy morning 
 
 Is lit with lurid fire ; 
 I'he thundering surf of ocean 
 
 Beats on the rocks of T)re 
 
 Beats on the fallen columns 
 
 And round the headland roars, 
 And hurls its foamy volume 
 
 Along the hollow shores, 
 And calls with hungry clamour, 
 
 That speaks its long desire : 
 '* Where are the ships of 1 arshish, 
 
 The mighty ships of Tyre ?" 
 
 Within her cunning harbour. 
 
 Choked with invading sand, 
 No galleys bring their freightage. 
 
 The spoils of every land ; 
 And like a prostrate forest. 
 
 When autumn gales have blown. 
 Her colonnades of granite 
 
 Lie shattered and o'erthrown • 
 
^ 7yn. 
 
 iK'd.ins, th(.' lesl Christ. 
 
 tnwiis." he says, ••thi.. 
 •■^ liij^Ii, and iho sirci- 
 hitants arc alike dcst; 
 'ing on with Kgyjitand 
 icd in lielad jicshara, 
 oring hills, and wheat. 
 auran. This i^ a sorrv 
 
 il is about all she can 
 
 1' 'IV RK 
 
 ITS. 
 
 ish, 
 
 wn. 
 
 'lltL S/rof/x' City of Tyre. 
 
 And iKini the reef the Pharos 
 
 No lunger tlings its fire, 
 I'o beacon home from Tarshish 
 
 The lordly shii)s of 'I'yre. 
 
 Where is tin od of empire, 
 
 Once migiuy on the waves — 
 Ihou that thyself exalledst 
 
 Till kings became thy slaves-^ 
 ■I'hou diat didst speak to nations, 
 
 And saw thy will obeyed — 
 Whose favour made them joyful, 
 
 Whose anger sore afraid— 
 Who laid'st thy deep foimdations. 
 
 And thought tliem strong and sure, 
 And boasted mid^^l the waters, 
 
 •'Shall I not age endure?" 
 
 Where is the wealth of ages 
 
 That heai)ed thy princely mast? 
 The pomp of purple tra])pings ; 
 
 The gems of Syrian art ; 
 Hie silken goats of Kedar ; 
 
 Tabea's spicy store ; 
 The tributes of the islands 
 
 'I'hy sciuadrons homeward bore. 
 When in thy gates triumphant 
 
 They entered from the sea, 
 With sound of horn and sackbut. 
 
 Of harp and psaltery? 
 
 Howl, howl ye ships of larshish ? 
 
 'I'he glory is laid waste ; 
 There is no habitation ; 
 
 The mansions are defaced. 
 No mariners of Sidon 
 
 Unfurl your mighty sails ; 
 No workmen fell the fir trees 
 
 That grow in Shenir's vales. 
 And liasham's oaks, that boasted 
 
 A thousand years of sun, 
 ( )r hew the masts of cedar 
 
 On frosty Lebanon. 
 
 (5) 
 
 41 
 
40 
 
 
 '"""-l.-ns.thcrcstCl,,-,;, 
 
 lAllllJIt 
 
 ■ •^;;'" tin. IJaman. Tlu^ls;"''" 
 
 (I III-,. I • - '"^ '^ 1 NOlTf 
 
 Ill 
 
 '■'"'' "i:.s('f,vj„,v (^,, 
 
 '■^' li.ANAkl, TA\ I,, 
 
 Ik. 
 
 The u ild ail 
 
 Vnd "r; '''' ';"""^^' -chores, 
 Vnd calls u-uh hungry clamour, 
 
 >' ilcrc .'iria fN,, „K.- 
 
 ^i^^- ^"'glity ships of Tyre p'' 
 
 \V[^'>m her cunning harbour, 
 
 Ch( ked wuh invadinir s-xnV? 
 ^o galleys bring their f!^^^:., 
 
 I^'e shattered and o'enhroun ■ 
 
 ■'\'Ki;. 
 
rr, 
 
 .111(1 
 
 "!'"• 'fhisi,,,,,,;.; 
 
 ' '"^ ;'l«)ut all she r ,:, 
 
 '/'//(■ Sfroj/i^'- City of fjii. 
 
 And from the reef llic Pharos 
 
 No longer flings its fire, 
 III l)iM<(iM home from Tarshish 
 
 'I'lif lordly ships of In rr. 
 
 Wlicro is diy rod of cmiiirc, 
 
 ' tncc niighly on tlie waves — 
 Thou tiiat liiyself exaitcdst 
 
 Till kings l)f(aniL' thy slaves — 
 fhou that (hdst speak to nations, 
 
 Am! saw thy will obeyed — 
 Whose favour made them joyful, 
 
 ^\'hose anger sore afraid — 
 WIkj laid'st thy ileep foimdations. 
 
 And thought them sln)ng and sure, 
 And boasted midst the waters, 
 
 •• Shall I not age endure ?" 
 
 Wluuv is the wealth of ages 
 
 That heaped thy princely mast? 
 'I'he pomp of pur])le trajjpings ; 
 
 The gems of Syrian art ; 
 The silken goats of Kedar ; 
 
 'I'aliea's spicy store ; 
 The tributes of the islands 
 
 Thy squadrons homeward bore. 
 W hen in thy gates triumphant 
 
 I'hey entered from the se;., 
 With sound of horn ami sackbut. 
 
 Of harp and i)saltery ? 
 
 Ibiwl, howl ye ships of Tarshish ? 
 
 The glory is laid waste ; 
 There is no habitation ; 
 
 The mansions are defaced. 
 .\'o mariners of Sidon 
 
 I'nfurl your mighty sails ; 
 No workmen fell the fir trees 
 
 That grow in Shenir's vales. 
 And IJasham's oaks, that boasted 
 
 .\ thousand years of sun, 
 t 'r hew the masts of cedar 
 
 On frosty Lcl^anon. 
 (5) 
 
 41 
 
 
I In Sfron^i^- City of '/yir. 
 
 Rise, tlioti forgiiitcn liaiini. 
 
 Take up thy ||,ir|) imd ^jn,, ; 
 < 'all the rchfll'ioiis i.>,l,in<l. 
 
 To envn their aiuii-iit king ; 
 Hare to the spray thy bosom. 
 
 And will, thy I,;,ir iinlxdiiKl. 
 >>it on the piles of ruin. 
 
 ■'■'"'I' tl)i-oiKk'ss and* (liM rownai ' 
 I Ikto nii\ thy voice- ofwailinj? 
 
 \\'itli tiu' thunders of the sea, 
 Ami siiifT ihy songs of sorrow. 
 
 ■|"liat thou rcni.-nihi'rr.l !.,■ : 
 
 'l'h<'n,Ljh sik'nl and ("ur-o'icn, 
 
 ^■et Nature still laments 
 riie pi,\ver ;ind pomp departed. 
 
 'I'he lost magnificence ; 
 llie hills were proud to see thee. 
 
 And they are sad.jer now ; 
 I'lie SIM was proud to hear tlu'e. 
 
 And wear, a troubled l.row : 
 And evermore the surges 
 
 ('hant forth their vain desiie : 
 •• W here arc the ships of Tarshish. 
 
 Ihe mighty ships of I'vre? " 
 
 Mmoi-rv ivkK. 
 
/)■/■, 
 
 iikI : 
 
 THE PERSIAN EMPIRE. 
 
 
 111 
 
 , irlit-r flges of tlif \v..rl<l. wIkmi lla- r.il>lf was yet 
 H„l uKinkin.l had no r<Mnin>m imnuis ot ascor- 
 „„. Divine Will. Cod was pkased. in <lreains and 
 ■ nt the night, when dee], sleep had fallen upun them, 
 . I the ignorant, comfort the sorrcwnig. and to en 
 !! who were desirous of doing right, (.ood men 
 llv honoured with su<h revelatii.UN. l.nt .Hvasion 
 ,>l men svho were not good were made the medium 
 „„uunirating to their fellowmen the purposes ot tlic 
 ! Of this we have a notable instance re* orded m 
 :mI (hapter of the liook of Daniel, in whieh a rash, 
 .. ,1,1c and overhearing ivranl had revealed to him m 
 w..n,is <.f the night, under the impressive syml.oliMn ol 
 re;u image, the history of the world away mto the tar 
 
 'll, .xpoMlors are united m the belief that this g-'eal 
 , ,,r. 'Old, silver, brass, iron and clay wa-, mtended to 
 ivs,!,i"lhe several universal emj.ires which were to ri.e 
 ,u. TcsMon and exercise dominion throughout the world 
 !M,vlnn, -the head of gold." we have already spoken, 
 .. -^Lii that while her greatness and glory were be- 
 uruig. an<l her wickedness ami crime appalling, her rum 
 larn complete and irrei.arable. To the Medo-l'ersian- 
 .. arms and breast of silver"— we now direct attention. 
 H h of these great monarchies had much m common. 
 was distinguished from the rest by something m ih-' 
 . , ter of it- ' le, < . the causes of its successor failure 
 . mistaken for any of the others. This 
 , l')e especially the case with the one now 
 .ion. for some most pleasing and mterestmg 
 r^ .ire connected therewith. To these the Chrisl- 
 vuih intense delight because they show that no 
 . uiucwardea, mat Kinaucr>^ lO r-Hr. au-icit- ai^. 
 
44 
 
 T/ic Persian Empire, 
 
 lionoi' 
 
 ''^'^-th In- .Media, on U 'e V 'e '' . ^- "'"'^ '^"""^'^^ "" 
 0- Can.ania, and on the S^nal In , ' >^"'"""' "" ''>^^ '^^'^t 
 '""'ts nerc c-xtcndcd or con cted "^^""'''^ ^'^'f- These 
 '"• 'o^t in uar. and in this e^pe '^ "'^'-^ ^^-,uircd 
 
 ",""•<-■ varied e x,.crien,:e. In ■ ,;,[ r'^'T'^ ^'''' ' '^^'^ a 
 ;:- c-mpire extended from n o;?th i''^^'"'^^' "^^•^^'•-'g^'^ 
 ^ est and included, beside tt^ of f' '^ ''^^'^^ ^^" ^''^ 
 tlif whole of Western A.i. , ' '""'"^^'f Kurope and Africa 
 
 ;-us, the (^aspian a d J ';'r".'" ^t ^^^^' ^'^ ^•'' ' 
 ^■an desert, the Persian U.lf^^^Sc"'! r ^"^^'^' ^'^^ ^^^^'■ 
 ^^"; • 'I'he present I.oun n ' o^,^^:^'^" Ocean on the 
 North In- the Caspian Sea and I r '(V '''" ^"""^--y are on the 
 ofRiissia. on the Kast h n^ '" "^^^'''^"^^■^'^^'^ ^''•"vin.:cs 
 
 and ^Vest by the Straits of 'ornu^'r^^'v' "^^ «" ''^<^ ^-'"• 
 <-ontams about six hundred H?^ '^"' As,at,c Turkey. I, 
 tory, and largely cons s ', t:;;;^ M T^!'""^ ""^« "^ '-- 
 fx-ntre and on the easte JT ''' ''""''• ^^''"'^-'^ ■" 'he 
 t'-.south and u-est isa^^L v^lTf ' 1T' ^'"'^^ '^^ ">' 
 
 ;-- are exceedingly beS ^' trSe"''^?: ^''^^^ ^••^'- 
 ;• '> true o( the vallevs between tl > J "'" " '"^■'I'^'''- 
 
 Merman mountains, \vhi,-h al.onn u ' /""'r"' ■■'"-" °'" "'^' 
 -luable vegetable produai^ f N^ ! .'^ T"^ "^^ '""^' 
 hergms „, several other sec ion •, 'f ' ''''^"^ '^''^■■■^'^ '" 
 
 '"-^ are as beautiful a nC^' t"'^''^ ^''^ ^'-P'an Pnn- 
 '!'''^^' "'-n- the hillsidJ tin ' ' M^ ^ "-^ '^'""^^^^ -" 
 ; "-ubs. and the plains studded ,^thhf "'^'^ ^^^^^^ ^''^'l 
 "'>^^-^''--^- \\-beat barley and „ ' •■''"""'•'' ''''-^"^^ '""'f' 
 
 ^^f'^'"dant ; cotton, sugar r i ^ ■ n\^''^'''' ^"^ ^^^'^^^ are 
 vatod : ,he n.ulberrv U-^ C ex^en i t'""' '^^ '^'^^'^ -'"'- 
 "iiportant article o'f export I ,' ^rown, and silk is an 
 ^"id goats' hair of the finest ""f'^'^ quantities of wool 
 ^^'^"^'■^^' '" "^e r,ver isp^e ,1 '■' •■ ''' '"■'"^'"■^d. Fish 
 ^1"^' exported to Russ r' Co , •'''-"■^^^'"'/' "•'"'e'^ are cured 
 I''^'"-' "anhtha, coal, n'.-rbi?" S^:; ""°"' '^'^d' -"""ony, sul- 
 
 '" considerable quantities "j i hi's T" '"", '''''^ are found 
 
 'es. j.ions. leopards, tigers, uolves. 
 
The Persian Empire. 
 
 45 
 
 lat those who 
 
 j,i( k.iN. foxes, bears and buffiiloes crowd the forests, while 
 ihc lii)r>e and camel are the principal domestic animals. 
 rile resources of the country are great, and under a wise 
 AwX progressive government, and wiUi modern appliances. 
 mi.u'lii he immensely increased. 
 
 1 lie history of Persia reaches away into the dim and shad- 
 owv past, and native writers claim for it an antiquity that 
 caiiiiot he sustained. This much, however, is known, that 
 it originally formed a part of the kingdom of the Medes ; 
 ilial about 537 J]. C". its people, under Cyrus, tevolted against 
 and subjugated tlu! jjarent state, and established a mighty 
 empire which included Asia Minor, Syria, Palestine and 
 .MLM)|iotamia. After a che(juered career it went down be- 
 loie the conquering arms of Alexander the (ireat. In due 
 linie it passed into the hands of the Romans, since which 
 time ii> masters have been many, and its experience a varied 
 our. It is not the purpose of this paper to s])eak of the 
 ume^> it has been overrun by the invader, the fierce and 
 (IlmiHv struggles through which it has i)assed, the domestic 
 revolutions by which it has been rent and torn and its pro- 
 gress imiieded, the losses of territory to which it has been 
 compelled to agree, the humiliating position in which it has 
 heeii placed by stronger powers, or its threatened extinction 
 by (Ileal Britain and Russia, in order to retain by the one, 
 and by the other to obtain possession of the Indies. For all 
 this the reader is referred to the general historian, who will 
 hiriiish him with facts and incidents of an intensely interest- 
 ing character, and which in many instances will exhil)it 
 man's iiihunianity to man. It will be enough for our pre- 
 sent purpose to say that while Kdom, Tyre, Nineveh and 
 liaii\loii have each in turn stepped down and out, and dis- 
 appeared from the face of the earth, and are only now re- 
 ten ed to as evidences of the utter emptiness of earthly power 
 and glory, or as dread reminders of what has been the fate 
 ol transgressors ; for reasons that may be imagined, if not 
 positively asserted, Persia lives, and still holds her place 
 .imoiig the kingdoms of the world. 
 
 I'piju one incident we may profitably linger, because it 
 ilhisiiales in a very remarkable manner how the wrath of 
 man may lie made to serve the? Divine pur})oses. and be 
 overruled for the public good. The Persian monarch, l)eing 
 me!i\ widi wine, summoned his wife, a woman of rare 
 
 1 
 
 H 
 
 ■ 
 
 £^^^B 
 
 1 
 
 pj 
 
 1 
 
 !l 
 
 B 
 
 '^Pi 
 
46 
 
 '^^u- Persian Empire. 
 
 Y'''t"'».s of the country 'ml /r • '""^' ^^"^'■'I'-v to , 
 ■'^he refused t,. r.i /' " fJi'eii.sive to her n.. ^ 
 
 P^' .son of Ksther. a beau fuj h' '"'"" "'"^^ ''<^""d iii '^ 
 ^" ''^^ve been a u-oman of ,1 n. H^^ ^'H^han, who an „■ 
 ;;^^o knew how to deal u- t^su f "''" ''^"^ -^'"'"on's ■ 
 chosen her as his wife H ,v . '"'"■■ '^'^ ^'^^^ one who I , i' 
 
 ^'^^^hKleousnessofthe pi f ^'^'^ I'^iclent interposit ,, 
 
 ;;;-^ -ved, and the inslj ortf thf ' '"^^^'"' '-M- 
 " '"^ "^vn cruelty and hate , '^'''''^^ ^^^^ ^ ' ut „ 
 ^-u,ty and sin^plieity, J^^^'ff"? '« ^o'd with „• a 
 the most attractive st^-Ie V, •• ^ '^'^^ ''^'■^' Presented in 
 
 ^-nection therewith^m!^;,:' ^Ir^^i''"^ ^ '- nanl^d 
 '»ff the presence of thnf i-! • , '^" '' H-ithout rerofn,,. 
 
 '"itnnisleejjHig. ^'^"^^ o*^ His peoj^je is vigilant 
 
 f- \ h,le the Hible speil-i ,^/'"''" ""^ '^^'tsily answer- 
 ^.:^' ^'-nations ab^^r^ jri;'"?-^ ^---Hh 
 ;^'-^' few and indefinite. This is 7. , ' '^''^^'■'^"^es to PerMa 
 ^J^^ con.paratively late pi d^,?! ''T'^''^^^'^ '^----'"tecl ,.; 
 '-'-^1 'niportance, and conse " ,, ''^" ^^''^'^ed to poh- 
 
 the ,>rophetic era after he "'ff, ''^*^ .^""'ted dtiration o 
 ^o^^ever, one rather remarka le . ^'"''"^'"ce. There is. 
 eroftbe book 0/ Jerenihh .H i ^'""''"-'^ '" ^'^^ 49th cinn 
 ''g t on the subjecf ■ 'v,^?;;: V-^^-'^y '"ay tlfr^w som 
 ;'"^';v-H destroy from thence tht ""' '"-' '^''''''' '» ^':'-'> 
 
 f ':,' . ;"^^'- i^ut it shall cZ: to ,1"? -"I ^^^^' i^'-'"--. ^-h 
 
 r u.ll bnng again the captil't of V" '^'' '•'"^"'' ^'r^ ^ha. 
 
 -^^•sun„ng that the people lee r^f ."'" '"^'^ ^'^^ ^^o'"^''' 
 '^'•. that the two became n ■ t"""^ ^° ^^'"^' t'^^ Persian 
 
 unuediyaiiudedto,tSth::^p-tc;';:::id-^-'^- 
 
 i 'cc> uou/d seem to indi- 
 
The Persia)! Enipiir. 47 
 
 (aicllial Persia^ independence rests upon a surer fovnida- 
 lidii than the jealousy of rival powers — upon the watchful 
 .are nf the Clod of the IJible, whose 
 
 I'ROMISKS CAN NKVEK KAIL. 
 
 Inr this preservation two reasons may be given, not so 
 mud. as assertions as suggestions, and we only ask that they 
 he ( alinh' considered. Against no sin does the Bible so 
 ihunder its anathemas as against idolatry ; no sin was so fre- 
 ijiicntiy and pointedly condemned, and the indulgence in no 
 >iii was so fearfully ]nmished. The first and second com- 
 inamlnients are especially directed against it, prophet and 
 ■-ccr were one in their denunciation of it, and intelligent and 
 |Mti;i.ti( statesmen ever regarded it the cause of calamity 
 aii',1 (li.-^grace. Under circumstances of peculiar grandeur 
 and ^olemiiity the Almighty had proclaimed himself " a 
 jealous (lod," who would not give his glory to another, and 
 lime and again He gave unmistakable evidence that the law 
 enacted amid the awful scenes of Sinai was to be scrupul- 
 ously observed. On account of their long residence in 
 Kg\ ; t. and the circumstances in which they were placed, 
 tlv Israelites had strong leanings towards idolatry. Again 
 ami again wt fmd them " serving other gods," only to be 
 IMini^lud and hinnbled. and brought back in penitence to 
 •• the Lord (iod of their fathers." And down to the jjcriod 
 cif the !''.bylonian captivity, when they ai)pear to have been 
 con- ■eie cured of this tendency, it was the fruitful source 
 of ^' .iter part of the troubles that came upon them. 
 
 That was the great sin of the whole Eastern world. Each 
 naiiuii had its own idolatrous system, connected with many 
 ol' ihe>e were rites and observances of the most obscene and 
 debasing character, and all contravened the law of (lod. 
 rVi have kept free from such practices amid such surround- 
 ini:s could have been no easy matter, but this it would seem 
 tl'.e Persians did. In the earlier ages of their history they 
 api»ear to have been simple monothei^ls, without altars. 
 images or priests. Under Zoroaster, who was learned in all 
 the wi-.dom t)f the East, and intimately acquainted with the 
 Jewish faith and writings, the ancient religion assumed a 
 ai.ue definite form, and, as taught by that great reformer, 
 h'lre a striking reseml)lance to the creed ot the Bible. He 
 
,14 
 
 48 
 
 t''iiiglit that tl 
 
 ^/^^' Pirsiau /£w/>/n\ 
 
 am existing from etern 
 
 ;ere was One Suj.re: 
 
 :ne Bei 
 
 called 
 
 these 
 
 '•e.spcctiveiv th 
 
 "y- that under h 
 
 ng. seJf- 
 
 "11 Here tu 
 
 •"""'ginated 
 
 are and 
 
 conflict ; that there will 1 
 J lid 
 
 .^ 'I'lgcls of h.r|,t and of ,V I '' ''''^' 
 ;n i.,> :, .," '^"^ "^Ji darkness ■ ri,. 
 
 r!'- ^^•"' '- "ntil ,1,^ end 
 
 of time in 
 
 ess; [l)a 
 
 ?'neiit ; that th 
 
 'e a -ener-,1 r "'' '" I'^'n'etiial 
 
 ., , 'r.'-"^'^'^' r^Mirrection .-inr) /i.-.r 
 
 ■> •"ft'">-"i- , mat the mcr/.i . < T- i ■-■'■«. ..i 
 
 >"«>--N^fdark„.»..l ,!■':,« •-■dim d 
 
 «'orld of ilieir o\v 
 
 '■'* disciples, shall then 
 
 '1 to be rewarded 
 
 ^ evil tiiey iutve done ; and 
 
 ally separate fron 
 
 "'■ JJunished for tli 
 
 '1 each other. 'J'h 
 
 that_ they sliall he k 
 
 on and da\' of 
 
 ''^^•iples. and'the 
 
 to a 
 
 ood 
 
 go each in 
 
 C ir 
 
 example of Cyrus, whom hey ador T'"'^'' ^"" 
 -^oroastnan vfru-. ..„, .,_• "^>^. ^dojed, m emhr 
 
 tlic kind 
 
 nes 
 
 'ind th 
 
 views Mahom 
 known that 
 
 ■'^ shown to th 
 
 's probably had 
 
 ept etcrii- 
 
 lowed the 
 
 eniljracing the 
 
 iiiiich to 
 
 letanism is largely 
 
 exiled Hebrews. \\ 
 
 -.e'!^:;r^s;rKs:"-r 
 
 "1 accord, and 
 
 (lo 
 ith tl 
 
 ""ith 
 
 therefc 
 
 '"g H'ith the nations 
 
 to tho.se wh 
 
 w'orsh 
 
 .>rc, God's abhorence of i^J 
 
 ICSf 
 
 it is u-ell 
 ip ever lived 
 
 r , ." ' or KJoJatry, his 
 addicted thereto, and th 
 
 "gintoconsiderati 
 
 on. 
 
 o would observe his com 
 
 mayue not, intheab..,. 
 intimate connection betw 
 
 'sence 
 
 inand 
 
 IS manner of deal- 
 
 ses made 
 
 of proof to the 
 
 Tomi 
 inents 
 
 dotl 
 
 contrary, see 
 
 ""•"- ^"-"liiecuon )ctu',..:.ii tl ^""uary 
 
 paid to this fund 
 and an 
 
 centuries, and the hon 
 
 ^^'"ental doctrine of ' 'the Bil 
 
 )le. 
 
 icni. 
 an 
 nation- 
 our thu> 
 Anotl 
 
 icr. 
 
 '■^QfAl.I.V STRO 
 
 •^t; REA.SON, 
 
 may be found in the l-u^rh. 
 
 exiled children of Judal '\,n°''",^^ ^'^'^ P^«P'e to the 
 
 tj'rn to and possess th •' owfS"^.^^?" T™'"^^'"" ^« ^- 
 .^;^"ni to rebuild their c^ V^"^ J,:!' '^'' ^''^^^^'^^^ afforded 
 I'l^erty allowed them after hdrl" ' /'"^ '" ^^^ '^^'"ae 
 t'^e.r own affairs. All t ^ t,^d "V" ^''' "^-''^gemeut of 
 and minuteness of detail iiw j k ' '^'i^'™'"^ ^''"I'lieity 
 n..ah, and is highly cred d to, n""'^''^ "^ '^'■'^ '^^^ ^ehi- 
 we learn the large-heartedn ss of t e p"'"""'? ^ ''^^°'" ^'^''^ 
 g'HJPathy of their subjects the nn ""] ^"'S'' ^^''^ ^'^^' 
 Hebrew leaders; the .ealnn,? ' ''" '^ ^^^^•^^'on of the 
 
 ot reconstruction wa'c^iel on"'' T'.'^ ^'^^''^'^ '^' '^''^^ 
 l;>ety that is breathed in the add/. '" ^'^f ^''''"^ '"^"^ ^«% 
 therein recorded. Indeed to th.?!.'' '"^ ^"'y''' '^''' '^^^^ 
 some of the saintliest charu ^7^ /'l '''' ^'■'' '"^^'^^^''^ '"'^'• 
 '■''"rch and the world ''"^^"^-^ ^'^^'^ '^■^^'c 
 
 and th 
 
 e ever blessed the 
 
 e prayers ofJ<;;,ra and of I) 
 
 aniel 
 
TJic Persian Empire, 
 
 49 
 
 re iii'xlrls of evcellencc in every sense — that of the latter 
 onljiiied in tlie nth chapter of the hook hearin:^ liis name, 
 laviiK' heeii pronounced I)y the Rev. Dr. Cuniming as 
 
 THE SUr.I.IMKST LITANV 
 
 iwt ever trembled ii]»on human Hps. 
 
 A- the .\hiiighty had been sorely displeased with, and 
 
 ,1(1 tiTriI)ly inmished the people of I'",dom, Tyre, and l)al)y- 
 
 iii fur their cruelty to the Jews in the time of their sore dis- 
 
 Mcs->, is it not fair to assume that He would look with, favor 
 
 ;])(iii those wiio would not not only befriend ttiem in the 
 
 , mil iif their exile, but would render them efficient aitlin the 
 
 ;!.■ i.>tal)lishment of tlieir civil and religious polity. If "the 
 
 iiinii and kingdom that will not serve," i. e., help in the 
 
 ii,'ht. " will perish," and " be utterly wasted," an oi)i)f)sitc 
 
 rMiiiM' of conduct may fairly be expected to yield opposite 
 
 ri,-';:!-s And if our suggestion in this matter isa reasonable 
 
 oiiv. may we iiot expect to see Russia and other modern 
 
 npiircssors of that strangely preserved Jewish race, made to 
 
 lie! that in fighting against die Jews they are 
 
 & 
 
 l'li;HTIN('. AO.AIXSr GOD. 
 
 In bringing these sketches to a close the intelligent reader 
 will perceive that while each is independent from the rest, they 
 to!4ci!ier cover the whole period of Hebrew history from the 
 time uf the Exodus to the days of the Redeemer. With 
 earji uf these powers Israel had more or less to do. and was 
 niiiie or less influenced for e-^il by association and intercourse 
 with ilieni. They are necessarily brief and fragmentary, but 
 our work has been rather that of the moralist than of the 
 historian. We have tried to show the intimate connection 
 liL'iwcL 11 sin and suffering, and the instances furnished have 
 IiM\ I'd the correctness of the conclusions arrived at. And 
 if a ptrusal of these pages will lead to a more careful read- 
 iiu "t the Word of (iod, and a more diligent observance of 
 Willi that Word requires, we shall feel that our labour ha.s 
 ni!t been in vain. 
 
 A 
 
 .1, 
 
 (6) 
 
THE HARVEST HOME IH PALESTINE 
 
 -<1K 
 
 Israel's National Thanksgiving Festival 
 and its Signification. 
 
 nacles,"o ' ^t; tS^ ^V '^^ " Feast of Taba- 
 
 ann^af feasts wS' Israel ^"'" '"^ "' '" ^V^^^^^^' 
 their Fv.wln r.^ "' impoitant events in connection with 
 
 .S-\CKf.:ii DAV (JF A-|0\E.\1KN- 
 
 OK i:xi'i.viio\. 
 
 \v'as at a time of HiP ,-» ^ 'Y^'^<^'b''^^"i<-^^- Its observance 
 v,-oni.t ., „"V''5.>^=^'" ^^'i^'" if'e hearts of 
 
 •'it«'n „, '• <^ ■ """""lu'e eircuinstances 
 
 the iKirves Iv ' T''"'''"'''' "^''' ''^'''' the commencement of 
 of I. ev a ; t r'f ;;""^^"f^^"^' ^y offering the first sheaf 
 "•ave o ;es 1' , ", ;"g^^''^'-^'-'"S of the corn bv the two 
 fulnes ,K "o ! f;'^""'^ '''''' ''^^ ^^ '^^''^^•^■^t feast of thank- 
 
 '' good Vur^K r '?''""••' !'!^^'n'osition, given them .hat 
 ^( otll) land, the fnnts of which had abundantly enri^ 
 
 richcd 
 
The Harvest Home in Palestine. 
 
 1 
 
 ■l-cir ^t()l•cs, " it was meet" that they should ackiu.wlcd.^c 
 liislnviiii^kindncss in the most public manner with son.us 
 ,iain,.ing and i)raisc ; and this feast afforded them ample 
 .,,,i„„tunitv for such recognition of the Divme goodness as 
 ,11 tluit were "Israelites bom," of either sex, were under 
 ,,,,nniand to particii)ate in its celebration. Whatever excuse 
 „„.h; have been granted for the absence of females and 
 ,hiMrcn irom this feast in certain circumstances ail 
 nmlcs who were, able to attend were obliged to do so { Lev. 
 v\iii. 4:- 42 ; l^eut. XVI. 13-16). 
 
 11 nin- thus introduced the subject, let us now on •' the 
 ,iivK (.f imagination" waft ourselves away backward through 
 thc'^ngcs twenty-five centuries, and " across the seas to Pal- 
 estine." and take a 
 
 lilRI)'.S-F,VK VIKW UK IHK HUI.Y LAND, 
 
 ,i„l , ,,nsider the moral aspect of its p.eoplc. 
 
 \.,,,rdiiig to the English calendar, it is the latter end of 
 N'l.kin'ier. and those who are Israelites, in all parts of the 
 land, are ])ieparing to go to the great feast which is soon to 
 he liild at Jerusalem. 
 
 TIk' least to be observed is a special one, and careful 
 |,rr!.arations are being made in order that jt may be kept in 
 .ur,., dance with the Divine mandate. Its yearly observance 
 uas ui joined on Israel at Sinai, but since the death of 
 In.luia." nine hundred years ago, it has not properly been ob- 
 served (Neh. viii. 16, 17) ; and it is doubtful whether it was 
 .elei, rated in any way, during all those centuries excepting 
 in the days of Sokmion, and that held by Zerubbal)el and 
 hlMvlcased captive brethren, before they commenced to 
 lav the foundation of the ruined Temple. Aud now, after 
 the third detachment of the long 
 
 I^XILKI) e,HlI.f>Kl':N OK JIDAH 
 
 Ikuc been permitted to return to their own land from r.aby- 
 lon : when the Temple destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar has 
 been rebuilt ; the broken-down walls of Jerusalem have been 
 rej Mired, and the people got settled in their cities, it has 
 heeii dis.overed by Ezra's investigation ot the Law - diat 
 the children of Israel should dwell in booths m the feast of 
 
 f 
 
T/ic lla 
 
 arvcst lluiiic in Palcstiiu 
 
 '!iL- SL'Vt.'lltl 
 
 'laim 111 all their cit 
 
 1 iiiontli ; and that tl 
 
 I'lit" the nioiiiu, and fetcl 
 
 it-'s. and 111 Icnisak-i 
 
 "-•y siiouki ]MiMi^,i 
 
 saMiu 
 
 1 and prn- 
 
 "iid myrtle I. rand 
 
 1 1'livc branches, and | 
 
 "'(oriji 
 
 tliick trees t 
 
 "-•s, and |)alm brand 
 
 die i 
 
 <> make hnoths" \\\\ 
 
 les, 
 
 and 
 
 'I lie lira 11 
 
 < IK'S. 
 
 cast, thoii, and thy 
 
 son, 
 
 "-■ifin " thou shall 
 
 Drandie- 
 
 nd thy 
 
 servant, and thy maidservant, and thJ I 
 
 'laughter, and th 
 
 and the I 
 
 itherl 
 
 cvite, the st 
 
 ejoiee in 
 y man- 
 
 .Sev 
 
 en tiays ,shalt thou keep a 
 
 '■"' ilie uid(.w, that are within tl 
 
 nuiuer. 
 
 t'ly (iod in tl 
 
 -'.> v,uo in tne place which tlie 
 flK' Lord thy (knl shall bless tl 
 
 solemn feast unto the'l 
 
 pace which the Lord shall ch 
 
 y gates, 
 ■ord 
 
 II' all the W(;rk of thine 
 ■•ejoice" (Neh. viii. ,4, j-.'i, 
 
 lee m all th 
 iiids, therefore tl 
 
 oo.se : because 
 
 ine increase 
 
 and 
 
 10 
 
 •ut. XVI. ,3_,5;. 
 
 u shalt surcK 
 
 M-.I'KMIah's 1' 
 
 KO^-I.V.M.viloN, 
 
 in accordance 
 having been 
 
 and 
 
 \\iili this command of the Lord 
 sent out with despatch, the peopl 
 
 to Af 
 
 eager to gather '• th 
 
 Ol) 
 
 eniseives 
 
 with 
 
 serve the Least of Tabernad 
 
 togeth 
 
 opie are al 
 er as one m, 
 
 o.ses 
 astir 
 
 J'Htiil hearts, "look i 
 
 es in the place where tl 
 
 111 
 
 In 
 
 nities." -Many of them had 
 where they hanged their ha 
 
 ipon Zion th 
 
 e city of their 
 
 do 
 
 »n and wept as they 
 
 long been exiles in a far off 
 's upon the willow; 
 
 icy can. 
 soleiii- 
 
 ai 
 
 Jeloved Zion. 
 J5iit .see I the actual 
 
 remembered the de.solati 
 
 and sat 
 
 on (if tl 
 
 cir 
 
 movement has now begun 
 
 caht.es which a.e farthest from the holy 
 
 in those lo- 
 
 sheba and Hel 
 up from '-the I 
 
 Chro. xwiii.iS 
 
 to stren</tl 
 
 ron small band 
 ow country" ( 
 ); and, as these 
 
 s are on the 
 
 city, iietween J 
 
 >eer- 
 
 marc 
 
 coniunf 
 
 or fr 
 
 "1 the Philistine's bord 
 move forward " from stren-th 
 
 er 
 
 joined by other compan 
 
 om one stronghold to anoti 
 
 tl 
 
 leir 
 
 ath 
 
 les who a 
 
 ler, thev 
 
 ers' 
 
 witli the voice of j(,v 
 
 epulchers," chant 
 
 '■e going up to the c 
 
 miiltitudt 
 
 and 
 
 ing tl 
 
 a re 
 it\- (if 
 
 leir 
 
 tl 
 
 ■P 
 
 pilgrim ps.ilu^ 
 praise," to kee])"holyday" with the 
 
 iroiigjiout 
 
 le various highways, bv-path 
 
 paths and vil 
 
 as/es 
 
 THK Hll.r, COUNTRV 
 
 OF jrDKA 
 
 contribute their ( 
 
 Jie slow 
 
 resid 
 
 !y 
 
 Itiota, like the tribut; 
 
 tl 
 
 e in llie \i 
 
 moving stream of pious 
 
 iries of a river. 
 
 pilgrims. 
 
 ie steeps of the rugged 
 
 (iniLie.-, of Jericho and {iiLra] 
 
 to 
 
 hose wllfi 
 
 wild 
 
 are climbing uji 
 erne^s." The dwellers of 
 
'ihc Harvest Home in Palestine. 
 
 53 
 
 '"K : ('•' forth 
 
 \jal(in (lislrict arc sailinf^' the mountain losses leading from 
 •hat Riiion ovor the heights of J'.cth-lloi'on, whilst those 
 iPMii nethcl. Ai, Ik'crotli, Gibeon, Michmash and Ciibeah 
 ,v iiiuMU'^ soutluvard along " the Central Range." Away 
 iM ilu; (li^ume. beyond Shiioh, die hills of Samaria are dotted 
 with small (•omi)anies of weary travellers on their way from 
 (lalileo and interfiling districts. A few stragglers from 
 |l;i>Iian nnd Cilead are also fording the Jordan below Heth- 
 .luan. Thus, from north, south, east and west, these streams 
 ,,1 liiiiiKUuty '-are pouring into Jerusalem." Among all 
 likir family groups, none seems to have come away empty. 
 f.M-rv man is ajiparcntly intending to contribute to the feast 
 ,,l !,^ means "according to the blessing of the Lord his 
 li(„l which he hath given him." l^'-ach company " have 
 lattlcand bottles of wine, and oil, and bags of meal," and 
 ,i>sls laden with provisions of various kinds. Some have 
 .jiecial "burnt offerings, and sacrifices, and oblations, and 
 Irankincense, and sacrifices of thanksgiving," as they march 
 niiwanl '• unto the house oi the Lord" (Jer. xvii. 26, R.V.). 
 (in luaring the holy city, their pace quickens, and young 
 men and maidens, old men and youths, who arc at all able 
 to !.<ar any burthen, are loaded with boughs and l)ranches 
 
 ,1 
 
 and 1)1} rile twigs, extracted from the wayside forest as they 
 coiiK; along, to assist in the construction of 
 
 tf < 
 
 \ 
 
 \ 
 
 rilK TF.Mr()RAl.iV T.VllKRNACI.KS 
 
 III w'liith to dwell during the festive season. 
 
 a l^ now the morning of the fourteenth day of the seventh 
 mouth known as Ethanim or Tisri, and the joyous pilgrims 
 have all arrived in " the city of the Great King." The as- 
 >cml)lage is great. Although the lately restored captives of 
 judah \vho accompanied Iv.ra and Nehemiab, were barely 
 ten thousand, yet the posterity of the fifty thousand who came 
 with ZerubbalK'l over a century ago, and the offspring of some 
 of those "that remained in the land of Judah, whom Ne- 
 hu( lia.lne//ar king of Babylon had left" at the time ot the 
 Chaldean invasion, having returned from Kgypl (Jer. xxxix. 
 10 ; xliii, 7 ; xliv. 28); have come ui) with their brethren to 
 p.-j-icc at the feast. Besides tb.ese, there are also those 
 of •• Manasseh and F.i)hraim, and of all the remnant of 
 1-^ -■!." whose ancestors escaped the doom of the Assyr- 
 
 \ 
 
54 
 
 The /farvcst Ho,„c in /\,hsfi,n- 
 
 ,^reat gla.ln.s.s- (.Kings xw. ^.^^T\ ■''''^ 
 
 K/ra ii. 64. 6 c;). ^^- •-, 2 ( Iim.. wm,, ,^ 
 
 ^^:^^^t:^:a^;rz^^T^z 
 
 stand (.11 tlie 
 
 srM.\t/r or nn.; ikmi.i.k 
 
 and gaze upon tlic scene below. CastinL' the ,.vo ; 
 direction from this elevation n-e ee t . , 1^ " "■'^■' 
 •tnd fro in all parts of tin -I, \ \ ''?"''''-" '"''^'".- '" 
 
 God.' ,vl,o„, ,l,t.y desire lo vvorshi , a, d"| ™ m "" 
 
 re.spective households t.\cning meal ot tl^eir 
 
 , upjjLann^ as it weie a comniinghng of 
 
 HALF CITY ..VXr) HAM- FORE.ST, 
 
 blending in one harmonious n-hole ft i^ v^^r,- - ■ . 
 K-ming a timque city >- compactl/b Jl log^he^'""""'^"' 
 
cs/i/u; 
 
 The Harvest Home in Palestine 
 
 •ere carried aw.iy 
 e a time ot' •• vurv 
 9 : 
 
 Cliro, xwiv. 
 
 peoi)Ieas tlityart 
 let us take' <,i . 
 
 the eye in every 
 )eo|)le movinir jj, 
 rbs, consiruriin^ 
 e roofs of houses 
 ^ths, all 11]) ;iiid 
 l)eyond the walls 
 oj)en space, and 
 
 t and I'lphraiin- 
 stakes, wattling 
 ad j)alni leaves," 
 lotles for a time. 
 )orh— not ff)r a 
 at present— but 
 ns at night, and 
 li, the Covenant 
 )ey. The same 
 vicinity. I'he 
 lave come from 
 ell in "Willow 
 hands are now 
 e children are 
 
 33 
 
 I ■ ^ili-in liein;;- thu.s arrayed in •• her festive attire" with 
 iiud walls surrounded by ravines, beyond which are 
 Miic (i. id terrac'es, olive plantations, whose sil /er and dark 
 ,ivcn foli.ige rustle in the bree/.e, my rile groves, cypress 
 muuiuU. stately pines, gigantic figs, clustering palms grace- 
 lul!\ u,i\ing m majestic grandeur with heads aloft like 
 ihiuud knights ; while the Teniple and its Mount cast their 
 . iinire shadows across the deep glen of the Kidron, and far 
 \erdant slopes of Olivet, prof.i.sely decked with gay 
 .lUl iiiiu.il llowers, forms a s( ene of enchanting beauty. As 
 uc \\v\\ it thus, while the slanting rays of the .setting sun 
 r . ung their golden reflections on the I'emple buildings 
 ,iii(l titiier li)fiy stiuctures in various parts of the city, with 
 the distant hills for a background, a picture is completed 
 liiit nine shall never be able to erase from the mind's eye. 
 \ : \icwing such 
 
 .V MACINIKICENT I'AN'tlRA.MA 
 
 !- ^\- .>iw behold, well might the " sweet singer of Israel' 
 tune his harp to the following strains : " Jieautiful for situ- 
 atinii. the joy of the whole earth is Mount Zion, on the sides 
 -r;;i' north, the city of the great king . . ^\'alk about 
 ,' . ind go round about her ; tell the towers thereof. 
 M.uk ve well her bulwarks, consider her palaces ; that ye 
 may tell it to the generation following." The language of 
 this ISalm, which sets forth the stability, perpetuity and 
 Idvelincss of the Church of God, was doubtless inspired in 
 circumstances similar to these in which we are now 
 
 [ilaccd 
 
 md the women I 
 
 1 " 
 
 g meal of their 1 
 
 I sialel 
 
 
 wan. 
 
 5hort time the 
 
 i'iVei 
 
 kable transfor- 
 
 liersi. 
 
 of 
 
 heel! 
 
 
 e^jiia 
 
 
 thn-i 
 
 y ]'icturcs<jik. 
 
 thei: 
 
 ler." 
 
 ul" a 
 
 11 jialmy days, Jerusalem was a city of palaces and 
 ly dwellings, enthroned as none other; and, "in all his 
 lerings, the Jew had not seen a city like his X)wn be- 
 1 /ion ; not Antioch in Asia, not even Impenal Rome 
 il ixcelled it in architectural splendour." "No.- has there 
 . either in ancient or modern times, a sacred building 
 ' to the Temijle" reared by Solomon, whether for situ- 
 
 or magnificence; "nor yet have there been festive 
 lus like those joyous hundreds of thousands who, with 
 
 iiyrans of praise, crowded towards the city on the eve 
 liassover," during the time that " Judah and Israel 
 
 '■ 1 
 
5''' 
 
 The Jlixrvi'st /Ionic in J'nhsfim', 
 
 dwelt sMfcIy. cvuy luaii un.lu- his vine and uihIlt in. f,, 
 tree, Jn.iii I )an I'vcii lo JJccrshdu" (i Kings iv, .^5). 
 
 N') \v(,n(l,T that those who had often -..nr in, unl, th,. 
 " •-...ititiide that kept huiydav" (hanting their smw, , • 
 praise: -I was ^hul when they said unto me, Let u. .r, 
 "Uo the house of the I.ord. Our feet shall stand within tliy 
 gates, Ojfru.alen. . . . they shall prosper that Invc 
 thee, an.l were ruthlessly taken fn.ni this place, after sceinu 
 their City and 'reniple destroyed l.y a relentless heathon 
 Host, ami placed as captives l.y the streams of liahcj 
 mourned the desolation, and refused to sing one of 
 
 Till, SON(;s ()!■• Zlo\ 
 
 in response to the taunting ixxpiestof their •• spoilers " \,h1 
 now, when their children have l.een permitted to letnrn to 
 
 heir own land, an.l stand within the gates of their \nm 
 loved city, whose walls have l.een repaired, and whose 
 
 leinple has l.een reconstructed, it is not surprising that thev 
 should have a tune of special rejoicing, when assembled, .as 
 tliey m.w are, to celebrate one of their most important na- 
 tional festivals. 
 
 Although the glory of those bright and jovous davs which 
 tlieir fathers once enjoyed in thi place has passed au v 
 like " a tale that is tohl" on accouui of Israel's transgress , 
 in de],arting from the living God; yet Jerusalem still remains 
 the "(lueen of cities," and its natural position is that of sur- 
 passing loveliness and strength which must command the 
 attention of all travellers to tl,. end of time. 
 
 Sealed on an eminence higher than the immediate neigh- 
 bourhood, which is over 2.500 feet above the level of the 
 Mediterranean, and nearly 4,000 feet above that of the 
 Head .Sea, and cut off and isolated l.y steep rocky ravines 
 of great depth on all sides but one, it presents the appear- 
 ance of an immense natural fortress which is well calculated 
 to strike terror into the heart of the invading foe, and give 
 insi.iration of security to those who are inside its walls ; as 
 was the cast" at the time that Ammon and Syria assembled 
 to destroy David (2 Sam. x. 6-14), which is referred tu ni 
 he 48th Psalm thus : " For lo the kings were assembled, 
 thev' l)asscd by together. They saw it, and so they mar- 
 velled i they were troubled, and hasted away." 
 
/'//< Hill-, (St Ihniw in l\il( stiiw. 
 
 5/ 
 
 I , it\ i^ ln'ill on four lulls, or mounts, rfprcsentinn tlu' 
 
 ,r iiii.iilcrs of oiir globe. 'I'lifsi.- hills are known as /ion. 
 
 !. riili. Acrn and liivclha. Tlit.ir locations are. /ion to 
 
 !',( vrtlia lo the north, A< ra on the west, and 
 
 \i<iii.ili un the cast. All around tlu'sc hills, on three sides. 
 
 hinl fi)s-^i', lie ihe dei'ii r,ivine-i ot the 
 
 SAI.l.l.N-^ "1 HINNOM AM) Till. KIUKON, 
 
 ,rh couiiiK'ncing in the same vicinity, on the level ground 
 west of the city, and descendinj,' in a southwardly 
 (i,;u tinii in such steep de< livity that, at their jiuiction, south 
 I'.i.t Ill/inn. tlie depth is 670 feet below the i)lacc at which 
 :i.il. These ra\ines are shaped somewhat like a 
 lior^cMiiic. the open part being towards the north-west, and 
 ihfiSiv King as it were within the central space. The ra 
 •n!i> form ilie physical boimdries and barriers of Jet 
 u>,miii entirely cutting it off from the surrounding table- 
 liiul. with the exception of a small portion to the north-west. 
 
 :i(l those hills beyond the ravines, referred to by the Psalmist 
 ,u ■•mountains round about f ."salem." Zion is the chief 
 ofthex; hills. On it the J' Uusnc vhy stood, and lies, so to 
 ^] oak. in the western ben-- of the ' orse-shoe. In David's 
 liiur. t!ir whole city lay o,- i. north. ;n slope, thus drawing 
 ilic l'-almi>t's reference to ti. ■ ^ict »' .A the city of the mighty 
 km,' l.'.v on its north side. 
 
 1: ;n the meeting point of these valleys at Kn-Rogel- 
 wJKiv ihey unite, and proceed thence as one deep, rugged- 
 t.irtiiuus mountain gorge, down "through a barren, verdur- 
 Icss, waterless waste," a distance of twenty miles to the Dead 
 Sea, passing the renowned Convent of Mar Sal)a, which is 
 situatrd on the western bank of the ravine. Viewing the 
 in! of this dry "brook" as it now appears it is rather difli- 
 mii :■ '' •lievc that l-'/ekiel's 
 
 VISION Ol- IHK IIOI.V W vn-.RS 
 
 i'"ui)i_ down such a channel to the "Sea of Death." as 
 •a li'.Lr that could not be passed over," and on whose ster- 
 ilcbanks "shall grow all trees for meat" shall ever be liter 
 illy realized, or that within it ever flowed the waters of that 
 nxT r. ferred to bv the INalmist " whose streams do glad the 
 
 (7) 
 
 11 
 
58 
 
 'J'hc Harvest Home in Palestine, 
 
 city of our God." All difficulty in this matter is (.vcrr,m, 
 hcnvever, by takuig it for granted that the clieerini^r and f,r' 
 lih/.nit; river thus referred to, is a sjjiritual one, "re'prcsentm.' 
 the origm, progress, and life giving results of the Cni^pd- 
 at first a few drops, then ankle deep, then to the knees, then 
 to die lonis, then waters to swim in, widening and deepening 
 until Its waters fully reach to the Dead .Sea, aiui fill it to the 
 surrounding hills. P,efore the stream had issued, all ^va^ 
 barren. It was one monotonous ashen-gray wilderness 
 no tree, no shrub was there, but burning sand, danc ini,' mir- 
 age, and wear)' desert, stretching awav and away \ \m 
 tall trees grow on either side, their trunks spread out.'their 
 fruit IS beautiful and plenty, and their leaves are for the 
 healing of the nations. The river itself is full of life ; ver 
 dure and vegetation everywhere line its banks, and where 
 death and desolation reigned, are motion, verdure 
 thanksgiving, and the voi(-e of inelodv. Gazing upon 
 this desolate, sterile landscape— a fii emblem of thJ wnrl.l^ 
 condition without the Gosi)el— we long for the flow of this 
 blessed river, where the weary de.sert and wilderness of the 
 world shall be 'a fruitful field,' and every dead sea of error 
 [je transformed into a receptacle of j)urity and life." 
 
 Hut, to return to our subject, only on the north-west is 
 die city, as it were, bound to the main land. And, as to give 
 It yet more the character of a series of fortress-islands, ;i 
 deep natural cleft, or valley, called the Tvropeon, runs 
 south and north through the niidtlle of the city, then turniii- 
 ''south-westwards, sejjarates Mount Zion from Mount \m. 
 Similarly, Acra is divitled from Mount Moriah. and the latter 
 again by an artificial valley from I3ezetha." 
 
 Before the invasion of Nebuchadnezzar, "sheer up from 
 these encircling ravines rose the city of marble and ;vdar- 
 covered i)alaces. Up that middle cleft, down in the vallev. 
 and along the slopes of the hills crept the busy town, with 
 its streets, markets and bazaars. But alone, and isolated 
 in its grandeur, stood 
 
 THl': TK.MI'I.i; MOUNT. 
 
 terrace upon terrace its c:ourts rose, till, high above the 
 City, within the enclcsure of marble cloisters, cedar-roofed 
 and richly ornamented, the Temple itself stood out a mass 
 
Tlic Harvest Home in Palcstiuc. 
 
 59 
 
 „t sn.'wv marble and of gold, glittering in the sunlight aganisl 
 ;hc half-encircling green background of Olivet." That 
 h,jh- and beautiful house, however, was burned with fire, and 
 jllthe pleasant things ol the city were laid waste by the 
 Chaldean monarch over one hundred and fifty years ago. 
 But the city has been to some extent rebuilt ; its walls have 
 hceii reiiaired, and the new Temple on whose pinnacle we 
 now stand has taken the place of the former one, and we are 
 ihih enabled to get a glimpse of the former glory of the i)lace. 
 
 I. .Hiking down from this point, into the deep valleys of 
 Ki.lnm and Tyropeon, a distance of four hundred and fifty 
 I'cct. tile depth apjiears stupendous. The eye becomes dazedj 
 die head uiddv. the heart thrilled, and the whole scene is 
 one nf profound bewilderment, as the thought flashes upon 
 the iiiiml. that "we are standing on the very spot where Satan 
 |i]a(ed iiiir Saviour, in after years, during die second act of 
 the ureat 'i'emptation. And, on opening our liible we find it 
 writkii thus : " Then the devil taketh him u]) into a pinnacle 
 ol the teni]ile, and saith unto him. If thou be the son of God 
 ca>i thvself down : for it is written, he shall give his angels 
 chai-e concerning thee" (IMatt. iv. 5-7). 
 
 As wc h)ok abroad " what a train of associations, Iioly and 
 histiiiic, and what a crowd of feelings, joyous and sorrowful," 
 do the things we now behold awaken'. The holy city ap- 
 pears as if spread out before as like an embossed i)icture 
 studded with notable i)laces of sacred interest or hi-ioric re- 
 nown." some of which loom up in ruins. 
 
 THE POWER OK DAVIT) 
 
 ■■hailded for an armoury, whereon there hang a thousand 
 Inuklers, all sheilds of mighty men," although constructed 
 over si\ hundred years ago, still stands as an impregnable 
 fortress at the north-west corner ot Zion, near the ancient 
 .ite of Melchizedek's Altar. Absolom's Pillar is in the "kings 
 dale." and beyond it to the south, on the way to Bethlehem, 
 is the Ttimb of Rachel. In the same direction are the gar- 
 dens ,,f .Solomon's " lilies." The Vineyards of Engedi, be- 
 vond Hebron are dimly seen, as is also the Cave of Macpel- 
 ah. wh.erc Abrah.anVs dust reposes. The path of " the Scape 
 Cioa;," as he bounds over the craggy decents of the " wilder- 
 ness iif Judea," may be traced by the eye. as it looks away 
 
6o 
 
 TJic Harvest IIodic i/i Palestine. 
 
 THE TOWER OF HAM I). 
 
 beyond the yawning chasm of the Dead Sea to the moun- 
 uuns ol Mu:i!>, which exiend to the far distant horizoii. In 
 the near foreground. 
 
 A COI.OSSM. IIRIIXJE 
 
 on arches spans the Tyropeon Clift, a distance of tiircc hun- 
 dred and fifty four feet by fifty feet in width, in order to con- 
 ned the City of David with the Royal Torch of the TcMiiple. 
 As we look (.lown upon this mammoth bridge whose 
 para] et is two hundred and twenty five feet above the bot- 
 tom of the vale, our lieart burns as we remember that the 
 Eternal Son of God, in after years was led over this struciure 
 '•to and from the palace of the high i)riest, that of Herod. 
 the meeting place of the Sanhedrim, and th.e Judumentseat 
 of Pilate," on the night of His mock trial, before he -mTcred 
 the penalty of a broken law, that wretched man mi-t>t live. 
 
Tlic Harvest Home in Palestine 
 
 6\ 
 
 \Vl,iK! vvc are tlnis musing, the construction of the bootlis 
 h.s l.vn completed. It is now '• tlie cool o\ the day," and 
 iuo"ith^' priests, each accompanied by 
 
 joM LL ATTKNPANrS 
 
 .iial band, leaves the Temple court, one of the 
 
 ilranwrto'the"l'<.i>r'.f Siloam, at the foot of Zion and the 
 „iLr to a place called Mot/.a, in the valley of Jehosaphat 
 or the Kidron. The priest who goes to Siloam bears m 
 hi. hand a golden pitcher. After filling this pitcher rom 
 the I'no] he" returns to the Temple. On his way up, he is 
 iuiiKd bv his brother i-riest and comiuany on their way back 
 f,u,n .M.'.t/.a, bearing willows which they cut at that place 
 ,,it], .qcal jov for the i)urpose of placing on either skIj ot 
 tlK- \ltar of ihirnt ( )ffering, in such a way as to lorm a .eatv^ 
 ,.,„..|.v. which is constructed amid the blasts ot the priests 
 •rum K'ls The ]iriest with the water from Siloam has also 
 , jcvhil recei.tion as he enters through the water-gate on the 
 MUilh side of the Temple, and as he empties the contents ot 
 the pitcher into a golden vessel, to be used during the tiior- 
 n,u. ill ...nnection with the sacrilice that is to be oflered on 
 thu tir-t day of the feast. 
 
 I he usual evening sacrifice having been offered at the 
 nnith hour of the dav, the Bra/.en Altar, whose station is in 
 oik' ..I the Temple apartments known as " the inner court 
 or •• ( ourt of die priests" adjoining the •' Court of Israel ( i 
 K,„. . vi. ?6 ; 2 Chro. iv. 9), is cleansed in accordance with 
 UK- requirements of the Law. The cleansing of the altar is 
 ...rlonned in this manner : The priests who are to act m 
 the matter being appointed by lot, the one on whom the 
 lir^l in! has fallen, proceeds to wash his hands and leet, at 
 the l!ra/en Laver, which is situated "between the Altar of 
 Pmnit Offering and the Porch of Uie Temple," to the south 
 uftlu- entrance to the Holy Place. After washing he puts 
 ■nn his linen garments and his linen breeches" and proceeds 
 i., ih,e altar; and, while the assistant priests are waiting. 
 -i;,t;.es the cinders in a silver vessel called 
 
 TIIK CIIAI rlNC-DlSH, 
 
 d deposit-, them at a short distance norUi of the altar. As 
 
62 
 
 The Harvest Home in Palestine, 
 
 'J , , .ii. r, ' -i;_^ 
 
 a-Qinsrg 
 
 lLj ■- 
 
 1 PRICSTJ ■ ;: •^. 
 
 (iROrXD I'l.A.N OK IHK ilMl'LE. 
 
 A. Royal Tyropeon Bridge connecting tlic 'renijilc witii Zion. 
 
 Ii. 15. H. 15. d-^c. Teirace, outside of which was a low eiiclosiiie 
 
 called the song. 
 C. C. C. C The South Side (lates of the Temple pioper. the secoml 
 
 on the riglit hand being the Water Gate. 
 1). D. D. D. The North Side t;a'..>s. 
 l£. E. E. E. Money Cheats in the Court of the Women. 
 I''. F. Siile Chambers and Courts. 
 Vi, The Gate Nichanor. 
 II. Tlie fifteen stejis of the I.evites, 
 I. ChamV)er of the Stoves. 
 J. Steps of the Priests leading to the Holy Place, on each side of 
 
 which were located the notable pillars. Jachin and Hoa/, erected 
 
 by Solomon (i Kings vii. 21). 
 
TJic Harvest Home in Palestine. 
 
 63 
 
 h, doicn.N to tlic altar's base, the otlier priests who were 
 ,,,,„inlod U lot, go 10 tiie laver; and, afer washing ihe.r 
 lun.ls aiul leet and donning their linen api-arel. takesliovels 
 /iHl prongs with which they move aside wh:a of the sacntice 
 h,^n..lheen consumed; then cleansmg out the a,.hes, lay 
 them •• beside the altar on the east part," at a spot known as 
 .■the plue of the ashes." where the blood of the fowls to be 
 offore'l in sacrifice. •' was wrung out" l)y the priest, whence 
 ,!uv shall afterwards be carried out of the 'I'enrple and de- 
 ,,„:„ed in -a clean place," where the bullocks for the sin 
 ofknn.' are consumed. After this duty is discharged, fresh 
 „„od is laid on the altar, and the hitherto unconsumed 
 pieces of die sacrifice are again laid upon the f\re, which i- 
 kq.t perpetually burning ( Exod. xxx. 18-21; Lev. i. 15, 
 
 i6;iv, y-i3)- . , , 
 
 T„c ashes having been thus removed, the altar is " cleansetl 
 tr,mi 'he stain of l)lood"; and, the preparations ot all that i> 
 needed for the festival Ijeing in readiness, the people await 
 Willi i())ful anticipation 
 
 THK HEC.lNNlNc; OF THE FEAST. 
 
 It '. now drawing "toward evening, and the day is far 
 spent : so thev have not long to wait until its advent is an- 
 nounced by the blast of the priests' silver trumpets on the 
 T.ini.le mount, as the sun sinks into the western horizon. 
 
 The shades ot night having dimmed the landscape so 
 ihai.lear observation from this standpoint is no longer to 
 he luul. let us go down and note die proceedings below. 
 
 Having descended to the level of the multitude, a stroll 
 anion- liie tents is more than convincing that " the sleep of 
 a IdMuiring man is sweet." A profound stillness seems to 
 have seatled over the whole region ; and the old assurance 
 ^iven to Moses in Egvpt, that " against any of the children 
 of Israel shall not a dog move his tongue," is now being fully 
 verified. The hours of the first and second night watches 
 are evidently enjoyed in slumber by many. 
 
 As midnight approaches the outer gates of the Temjjle 
 are thrown open and the peoule bring their sacrifices to be 
 offered during the coming day, into the " Forecourt" of the 
 
 leuii 
 
 le for the priests to inspect. The inspection is that of 
 
r.4 
 
 'J In Harvest Hoiiu in Palestine. 
 
 ilose invc^tigiiti(;ii : no sheep or Inillock wiili anv di^cise or 
 'Icfonnity must be passed l)y 
 
 •IHE IN.sI'lA loRS, 
 
 lor the law rc([;.ires that they shall all he without spot or 
 lileniish of any kind (Jer. wii. i.S-25 ; Deut. \v. 21). 
 
 'I'he offerer of each animal, after inspection, lays his hand 
 upon the \i(tim, confessing his sins, and dedicates it ;\ ; a 
 sacrifice to the .\lmi.;hty. 
 
 V>\ early dawn the animals to he slain for t!ie first da,'; 
 offering are all in readiness awaiting their clc.ilJi. The first 
 offering to he iruuie according to the coniuK.nd t I'Aod. x\i\. 
 38, 39) is that of 
 
 rilK .\IOKMN(; SAl Ri',"lCK; 
 
 and, an ajipointmera of prie:>i.-, laving been made by lot to 
 attend to this duty, iiu on wh-:>n: the lot has failer, is desig- 
 nated with the iw 
 the ceremony. 
 
 elve who stand nea' st to him to pen'orni 
 
 As the first streak of da 
 
 eii 
 
 ,ky 
 
 tl 
 
 o\cr tne ri(;l<je o 
 
 .f 01 
 
 wn ap])ears shi>. 'ring up die e:",st 
 
 net, the (jUici, 
 
 wh 
 
 o v 
 
 1! charL'c 
 
 recjue-Ki one of the priests to asc:end some jjoint of olise 
 tion aii'i see whcliier it is time to kill the daily sac 
 
 rva- 
 
 (.) 
 
 n 
 
 's occasion, the dav beiii'^ a Sabbath, the sac 
 
 niice. 
 rit'ice 
 
 mus;, 
 one o 
 
 :n^! 
 
 ffe red 
 
 ;t if two lambs at each offering, instead of the 
 
 on o 
 
 ther days of the week (Niimb. xxv 
 
 ui. 9) 
 
 On the report of this messenger that "the morning shiiu-tl 
 the lambs are ordered to be brought from ilie chamber where 
 they ha\e been kejit four days, in accordance with the pre- 
 scribed law of the Paschal lamb (I'.xod. xii. 6). The gold 
 and silver vessels of the temple service are also brought 
 without (leKi)-. 
 
 As the lambs are led forward to the altar they are watered 
 out of a golden bowl, and anew examined by torch-light, 
 though their Levitical fitness has been already ascertained 
 by the insiiectors. The lambs being declared " perfect." the 
 sacrificing ])riest. surrounded by his assistants, fastens iheiii 
 to the second of the rings on the north side ofthenh.ir 
 (Lev. i. II), the fore and hind feet of each side of each 
 lamb being tied together, with their heads lying towanls the 
 
out s],oi or 
 
 2 1). 
 
 ys Iiisliand 
 atcs it a , a 
 
 '.y, is desi^'- 
 to ]>on-)rni 
 
 77/i- Harvest Jloinc in Palestine. 
 
 r.^ 
 
 m %' 
 
 ,„,,f;i faslencd through a riug, and its face turned to 
 • i;, V,, .1, while the sa.-rificin- priest stands on the west sule 
 
 "'ThVsanili'ial lambs being placed thus, the priests on the 
 IViniile Mount blow three blasts with their silver trumpets, 
 1,,,. and loud, summoning the Leviles and the - represen- 
 -Uiu's" of the people to their resi)ective duties ; and, n_i order 
 ;:, annuun. e to the people that the morning saentice has 
 l,a)i hound to the altar (('.en. xxii, 9 ; l'-^-^- ^■>^^'"- -7)' ^'^''^' 
 I, now about to be slain. 
 
 In iv.ponsc to this announcement the shouts of the peo- 
 ple wckwine the glad llosanna day; and ' le great gates 
 Ivhirh lead from the court where the brazen altar is located 
 i;|i into 
 
 riii: imi.v I'LAck 
 
 ,nc uiaiied t.) admit the ]H-iests who are to attend to the 
 (Inlden Candlesti.-.k and Altar of Incense, which are situ- 
 ated ill tliat apartment. 
 
 THE GOLDEN CANDLESTICK. 
 
 lit: o 
 
 )pening of the massive gates is the signal for actually 
 
 .i\ inii the sacrificial lambs; and in doing so, one priest draws 
 iHiu.rd the windpipe and gullet of each of the lambs whicii 
 
66 
 
 The Harvest Home in l\i/ts(iin\ 
 
 lies bound (»n the altar, and iiuickly thrusts ui)\vard thr knife, 
 while another catches the hliKul in a golden bowl. Siaiul 
 ingon the ea->t side of the altar, he sprinkles a iiortioii of it 
 first at tile iiorlh-east and then at the south-west ctiriar. in 
 
 ih sides of the altar. 'I' 
 
 such a way as U) cover luj 
 the blood he pours out at the altar's base. 
 After the sictiin's blood has been 
 
 le iv-l 111 
 
 .a and (1i->|i(imm 
 
 thus, the sacrifice is taken to one of the Chambers cm i', 
 north side of the Priest's Court, where it is hung up (m hook- 
 ])laced there for that purpose, llayed. cut u]) accnidiiiL; to 
 rules, cleaned, antl handed to six priests, who. in suci es>ion. 
 carry the jiieccs to the rise of the altar, where they are salted. 
 in accordance with the Divine injundion, that everv sarri 
 
 hce must be seasoned wi 
 
 th 
 
 .alt (1 
 
 ,e\ 11. I 
 
 K/ek. 
 
 \liii. j_j 
 
 M 
 
 nk i.\. 49) 
 
 .\fter the salting, one of the priests appointed 
 
 by lot, presses his hands ujion each of the pieces 
 
 and 
 
 iinL:> 
 
 them 
 
 -.onfusedh' upon tlie fire, '>o that the flesh of llies.u ri- 
 
 hce nuiiht be scat 
 
 Uered 
 
 us w 
 
 ell as its blood sprinkled.'' 11 
 
 beiiii. 
 
 (.lone 
 
 he raniies them in order to imitate as ucarlv 
 
 as possible the natural sha]ie of the animal." 'i'he pietcs 
 
 lavms. 
 
 icen thus arranged on 
 
 ■\\\\i IlKA/KN .M.T.VR, 
 
 with the ajipropriate meat and drink offerings enjoimd l>y 
 the law (K\od. xxix, 38-42), another blast of the Mbvr 
 trumpets announc:e to the worshippers that the morning ^a^ 
 rifice is about to be offered. 
 
 At this juncture, the jiriest, who has been aiiiioinied by 
 lot to burn the incense, proceeds to the altar of burnt offer 
 ing, acconii)anied by his assistants, one of whom fill> with 
 incense a golden bowl, held in a silver vessel, while aiiotlui 
 places in a golden censer, burning coals from the altar. 
 Having done so they return at once to the Holy I'lace. 
 striking, by the way, a large gong-like instrument called the 
 '• Magrephah." At the sound of this instrument the piiests 
 hasten to their resjjective duties, '-and the beviles to oc( u- 
 py their places in the service of st)ng." 
 
 During the time that this sacrificial offering is being made 
 upon the llrazen Altar, the |>riest in the Holy Place isluirn- 
 ing " sweet incense" upon the Colden Altar. who-.e tire liar- 
 been made with the '' censer" full of burning coals ol ine 
 
77/,- Harvest Home in PaUstiuc. C^7 
 
 — ■ — ^n 
 
 i/(^ 
 
 
 ';"''';■■"•*.•' < i;. ''/■.'■^., 4 ^vS^- '.,/'\, 
 
 TIIK GDT.PKN Al.l \K- 
 
 ; he has taken from 
 ,,'1 iircincnt of the law deni 
 whole m 
 
 the altar of burnt offcrhi-. as U^ic 
 
 .:^^'^ri'^^^^\S^B:■■i:^ 
 
 n ( 1 like i 0, 10). It '-^ 11"^^' '^ 1'^'''*"^ ''^ ^, ? 
 
 1 r ,K> .. ilnlv One of Israel as a swlci 
 
 :"^;;' ; U^^'nspirea John, in the Isle of Pajnu^s u> wnt^ . 
 ,„! when he had opened the seventh -^if-J'^'^ ^^'\^^ 
 
 :. heaven about d.e space ot ^-^1^'^ Uar' huin i 
 ■ ■,.■.• m-el came out and stood at the altar has ni^ a 
 : ',V,';r;' . ^,d there was given vuUo hnn much nux-n e 
 •i'^nlld^lWr it with the prayer. 0. all sa^^^^^^^^ 
 _ : , ,uar which was betbre the throne. And the smoKc 
 
 
r,H 
 
 'I'lh' I layrcsf Ifoiiu in Pa/is/iin'. 
 
 of ihc iiucnsc, which canu' wilh ihe ])raycis nf ihi iict., 
 ascetidt'd (i|) hrtoru (ioil out oi the angels' liand" (Rev viii 
 
 . At till' close of the cen'iiioiiy the liKssiiii^ irc unKd in 
 Numbers vi. 2.\-2(> is inoiiouiiced hy the pric-ts. and the 
 peojilc fes])f)n{l ill die lanj^Miage of the iHlli and ii;ih verses 
 of the 7211(1 I'salin : •' Hie^s^ed he the f.ord (iod, ilic tiod 
 of Israel ; and blessed be his glorious name for ever; and 
 let the whole earth be filled with his glory ; Anicn, and 
 Amen." 
 
 'I'he II .irrifice having th.is been olTcied, a three- 
 
 fold blasi of ih.. priests' trumpets resound throughout the 
 city, derlanng to all that the religious exercises of the [ov- 
 ous i-'estival are now in order. 
 
 THE KIR.ST DAY OI' TIIF. !■ KASl' OF TAIiKRNACi.KS 
 
 being •' a SabbaUi" ii . d iie ooserved iiccording to the iaw 
 given in Leviticus xxiii. 35. for the government of the (l,i\ 
 in connection with Uiis feast. Hence, there must be a ces- 
 sation of " servile wf)rk," and the services of the day iiuisl 
 all be of a sacred character, dioiigh festive and ioyous in 
 their nature. 'This Sabbath being " an high day" of '• linly 
 convocation," the religious exccises commence earlier 
 than usual. 
 
 Immediately after tin- morning oblations are completed. 
 the ordinary sacrifices ])eculiar to the festival proceed. The 
 animals to l)e offered during the day, having been slaugh- 
 tered and otherwise ]ire| ired for the occasion according to 
 the regular mode of proi edure, are laid on thi' r' . r hy the 
 [)riests (Lev. i. 1-13). 
 
 \s the api)ointed priests pilace the i)ieces of the sacrilice 
 on the altar, the water. whi( '1 was brought tVom Siloam '' 
 ])revious evening, is brought forward in a golden pitcher hy ,u 
 of the priests, who is met at the base ()f the altar by anoiiier 
 priest, bearing in his hand a tank.ird of wine. These 
 priests ascend the altar's rise and turn to the south-west corner. 
 on each side of which tl ere are two silver funnels, with 
 perfomt'.'d bottoms — on- at the ea;,tern and the other at the 
 western Nide — the forme 1 one bein^ a little wider in its r- •- 
 forations for the wine, and the other somewhat smaller 
 the water 'nto these vessels the wine of the drink-. iifeni.. 
 
 Jt.:''tif 
 
Ihc Ihrrvist Home in PaliStiiu: 
 
 r„ 
 
 \ 
 
 -'1 ' 
 I 1 . 
 
 . ,ur In.m S,lua.n are slowly puiircl by ihc jMic.ts. 
 ; iHrnHl pav.ing ihrnuf^h ihf opcninf^ m the bottom 
 „.., J. tivc basin is slu-l on the altar, llow.ng thence 
 -!, pines into ih'- brook kKln.n. 
 ,',';,„ this pomuig-oul ecrenio nniuKMu es, an nv 
 , ,ailcd the •• sounding brass tmklniK cymbal 
 ,iii is sounded as a signal - begin Uie service 
 •\l ilu' soun<!ing of this cymbal the I enip e music 
 , . choir of Levites, assisted by - two hundred and 
 ,-,;.. .inging uKn and singing women/Meadmg m he 
 \,.h vii, r,7). the rongregation, m umson, repealing 
 ,L.n. or responding, as the portions ot the hymn re- 
 The service of song rendered on this o<xasic,n. 
 -: ,,j what is known as 
 
 iins wi 
 
 I !ii, r,i;vrriA\ hai.i.i.i., 
 ,th the first stanza of the il 
 
 wnh tlic closing wore 
 
 •Ui, and ends 
 
 'I'o'f'tlie 'ii8th Psalm, recording five 
 
 vi/. : •• The commg out 
 
 the giving of the law. the 
 
 the greatest imiiortance. vi/ 
 ,t. the dividing of the sea. the ., . , 
 
 of the dead, and the lot oi the Messiah 
 
 I wn 
 lA'vites, who I'-ad 
 
 are arra 
 
 ved 
 
 Ml 
 
 in white 
 
 this song of i>raise 
 
 uid Ulank^ 
 
 and stand on a ra 
 
 ised 
 
 \\AV 
 
 iim at I 
 
 .iicluarv, 
 
 he 'east side of the aliar, with thei 
 
 r faces 
 
 or westward, facing 
 
 toward 
 .1 large coniourse ol 
 
 ill linen garme 
 
 nts also, who stand 
 
 n-t' 
 
 of die altar 
 
 5vi\e -ilver irumpc 
 ; nfihuice wi 
 
 1 ,,1 
 
 ioo 
 
 ikiuL. eastwaul 
 
 •ts ir. their hand^. 
 
 uiimij'^ 
 
 ,th die command given to Aiose 
 
 ,11 the west side 
 These priests 
 iH h they unc in ac 
 iial. in their 
 
 M.nie and solemn days, there 
 
 ,hould 
 
 a blowing 
 
 \\x 
 
 i)\er 
 
 the burnt offerings, an 
 
 ,d ovei the sacrifice: 
 
 of 
 
 of 
 
 )ffe rings 
 
 made on 
 
 these davs(Numb. x. lo). The 
 
 mil 
 
 have also " cvmbals and pxiltui. 
 
 KV use to accompany and susi .m the song 
 
 hari 
 
 )S, 
 
 bevites stand in the house 
 harps and cymbals, soui 
 
 of the Lord with 
 riding. l)v lifting up 
 
 Alt 
 
 10 v. 
 
 md U 
 
 le pne 
 
 >()unding with die trum- 
 lion .ming in die worsliii 
 
 • and die whole congregauw,. -. t, - - - 
 
 , . i. continued until the onVnng is consumed, the sec i, 
 
 „,.. ,.t intense interest (i Chro. x'.. i6 ; 2 ( hro. v. i- 
 
 .';-2S). The carcast- ot 
 
 tliirteen young bullocks. 
 
 ■ii. 
 
:o 
 
 /A 
 
 I liuiw ill l\ilcstiiu 
 
 «■ « 
 
 ^ ^m 
 
 111 i;k \/I.N I. WKR. 
 
 two rams, and fourteen Ianil>s" (Niiml). xxix, i;,). with ,i 
 ([iiantity of nu'al, oil, ami wine, arc all being olTered in sac- 
 rifice as a burnt offerinir to Cod. upon the brazen all.w. the 
 smoke of whi<-h is ascending far above the highest iiinnaile 
 of die 'renijile building . while the '• trumjieters and Hiigci^ 
 arc as one, to make one sound to be heard in inai-iiit^ ami 
 thanking the Lord." The Temple coinls and colonnades 
 are all crowded with eager worshijipers, each holding in the 
 left hand a ( ilron, and in the right a jialm branch, on either 
 ^ide of which is atladu'd |iortions of ivillow and niyrllc, 
 That in Uie right hand is known as the luhxv ; and as the 
 clear, rich, trained voices of the singers, with harj. acccm- 
 paniment, render tlic words •• < > give thank- unto the l^nl. 
 for he is good ; because his merc\ endureth for ever. >ave 
 now. I beseech thee. O I-ord : o'Lord, I beseech thee, send 
 
///, //iirvis 
 
 t Hi- nil ill 
 
 l\iL\stiiu 
 
 7» 
 
 iii\. 
 
 ill I he iiCDpk' 
 
 iKiKr 
 
 IIU II , ll.'<l ■ 
 
 IlllU 
 
 l,,\v. 
 
 ilKl— I " 
 
 1 1.1- M V r.K \' 
 
 111 -. 
 
 ,t \v(»ril> "f lli'-^ 
 
 1-.^', 
 
 .all 
 
 illcl. <i til 
 
 iVLrri'cs o 
 
 r '' Ascent, 
 
 icini 
 
 live 
 
 suuii. llii>^ ''^*''' 
 
 U,l\ III!. 
 
 h;i> r;iis^( 
 
 I ihc intcics 
 
 I of the people U) ihf 
 
 lull, and stainiis ii 
 
 lastint; iinpi.-^Mon upon uic 
 
 Ih 
 
 •I f 
 
 very ilfvi'ut worsliijipi-'i 
 
 (•()ni:lu>u)n oi 
 ■Nsion. in.i 
 
 icnticui 
 
 rlOCI. 
 
 ■.\lini 
 
 •ih tlic \vord> 
 
 kiiiu a circuit aro 
 
 1 service ihc i>iifs^ 
 I the alt.ir. the 
 
 uni 
 
 th 
 
 e I lOri 
 
 ing 
 
 pf)rtion o 
 " This is 
 
 t" the I iMh 
 
 .ir.vi 
 
 the (lav svliu ii tlie 
 
 th 
 
 De 
 ,or(l 
 
 we wi 
 
 11 I 
 () Lord 
 
 (•'oice' 
 
 d 1 
 
 UHl ne K' 
 
 d in il. Save now. 
 
 () Lord, I lie^eet 
 
 hee 
 
 \i 
 
 Durinu tlie tune llKse 
 
 send now 
 words are being sung 
 
 disperse an( 
 
 1 reliri 
 
 1(1 Uieir resjieelive 
 
 Looth^ 
 
 V enio 
 
 V their tL>live noon 
 
 (lav meal with 
 
 the i .evtle. 
 
 and the stranger. 
 rke<l their gratitui 
 
 As their oi'lerings ii 
 
 1 the Teinple 
 
 iw ani 
 
 I Un 
 
 honi 
 
 U. in Cod. the stranger, the Leviie. 
 -less, are now welcome guests at 
 
 i:i 
 
 1 board tor the Lord's sake. 
 
 '•■«)■ 
 
 rill. Ni>"N 
 
 HAN Kl.l'XsT 
 
 h^in_ ,.\C1-. 
 
 " th" stree 
 
 tl 
 
 le 
 
 icdjiie 
 
 that 
 
 t that is before the waler-g 
 ivad by Vm:\. and other assi 
 e injunc-lion recon 
 
 hiid standing i"nin m 
 Ate." assemble to hear 
 stant scribes, in obedi- 
 
 nomv 
 
 led in the diirty-tirst cliai)ie 
 
 that 
 
 At th 
 
 e eiKi 
 
 ot evei 
 
 I- OI 
 
 V seven years, m the 
 
 wlien .1 
 in I: 
 
 V of the years ot release, in 
 ll' Israel is come to appear 
 
 die feast o 
 
 f tabernacles. 
 
 iace which he shall choose, 
 hrael m their hearing, 
 n, women and children, a 
 
 before the Lord Uiy ("'od 
 hou shalt read Utis Knv 
 
 1! 
 
 Hie 
 thv 
 
 Cather the people to^ 
 I til- stranger that is 
 
 IK 
 
 ates. that they m 
 
 IV hear, ant 
 
 I thai they may 
 
 in 
 
 d tear the Lord yo 
 
 ur 
 
 Cod. and observe to 
 
 do 
 
 all 
 
 lis of this law, 
 
 \nd that their children, who have 
 
 wn .1 
 
 ny thing may hear, an 
 
 d learn to tear ihi. 
 
 iuUL 
 
 as ve hvt 
 
 tb... 
 
 an( 
 
 I whither ye go over 
 
 to possess 1 
 
 l" (I)eut. xxxi 10-13 
 
 Keh vin. tS) 
 
7^ 
 
 The Harvest I fonic in Palest iiu , 
 
 After tlir rcadini,^ of this law llic con^rei^ation is (li>ini-„.'(l, 
 ami tlu; rf!:':iar onk-r •■-'i priests and I.evitcs repair to ihc 
 'rcinple. as is rr(|ui,e(l (Xiiinl). wviii. _:;, r, S), to otVcr 
 
 1 111; l.\ KMXii S.U KIIU.K, 
 
 which is (lone in a similar way to that of the moriiiii;;. wiih 
 the cx('e])tion that the cveninj^ lambs to be slain are bound 
 to the eastern side of the altar, so that each sacrifice might 
 be "offered airainst the sun." 
 
 r-.^ 
 
 fS;-jPm 
 
 rilE r.KAZEX Al-IAR 
 
 '['lie ceremony of tlie evening sacrifice having been i on- 
 ( hided a short interval before sundown, when the Sabhatli 
 is past, allows the i)eo|)le time to replenish the " inner iiian" 
 and engage in their evening devotions around '• their taiiiily 
 altars." 
 
 The shades of ni'-lu h:ivin<^ ■fathered around, the 
 
 '.leo'ilc 
 
 as>eml)le i 
 
 n the large hall of the 'remi)le called 
 
The Harvest Home in Palestine. 
 
 73 
 
 THE COURT Ol- nil-. WOMKN, 
 
 , ■ , , 1 ..,.n srrandlv littcd ui) and illuminated for the nc 
 
 ^■"", ,- , . , .. -h Im n. four golden bowls or lamps. I hese 
 '''^t:^i^X^\L so br,glUly, that no part ot the 
 ^' ■ 1 f i d rkness, owing to their retketive rays 
 "' '^ I Xle >luc m the midst of this great 
 
 with each oth 
 
 mo ve- 
 er, and singin<f 
 
 and , Ser.es. and dulcuners, and Other n..truments 
 
 (iiriie.s. , . 
 
 „,„,.i,ic. This band smg and p 
 Dr lees" of 
 
 lUiv the fifteen 
 
 Songs of 
 
 •■ tup: c.kf, vr n vi lki.," 
 
 :;rJa::f^;;Suai„gwiti,,M,«ivc,i,.nwsu„u..o 
 
 ,;,,, ,„- heaven, for h,s mercy cndu,eth ''- «; , \ ^ ,\ 
 ,,na nnTtle! the swell of the song ro hng ^^J^^^^,^ 
 
 ,l,,>M.ands upon thousands ot voices jom u. the strains 
 "'.^:X'laS;:attheheadofU.ese^<wi.^^^^^^^ 
 ,,.. ,.ading " into the midd e chamber i^^ ^^^ 
 at ihe ui.perdoor, known as - Ine gate f ^^^' \„ ^j ^^,^ 
 1.. . priests with silver trumpets ^^^ their hands, aNvaiting 
 
 (9) 
 
 
 % ' 
 
 lil' 
 
74 
 
 1 lie Harvest llotne in Palestine. 
 
 
 mftrning dawn, wlien ihcir services shall l)e required. The 
 following illustration will give some idea of the arrangement 
 of these steps. 
 
 Wiiuiing Stairway leading from tlie Court of the Women up into 
 the Miildlu C'lianit)i''-, or Court of Israel. 
 
 'i'he rejoicing continues luitil the crowing of the coik. 
 which indicates that the first pale streaksof day will soon l>c 
 visiMe \\\ the eastern horizon. 
 
 Wlien the cock crowing has ceased, the two priests at the 
 iiead of the stairs blow their trtnnpets three times, in order 
 to annoiuue that the night exercises are over. On making 
 this annotmcei.ient these jiriests descend the stairway, and. 
 on reaching the tenth step, they sound another 
 
 T!IRK.K-I-()M) rRUMPKl' HLAST, 
 
 .Mul immediately descend to the hall. On entering it. as 
 they pass through the extension door at the foot of the stair- 
 wav. they again Mow a triple blast and proceed to manh 
 with the pecjjile as they disperse. 
 
 On reaching the eastern "gale of the I'emple which is 
 
 called Beautiful" ('.Xcts iii. 
 
 thev contintie the trtMniiclS 
 
 sotn 
 
 id. .\fter passing through this renowned door, they 
 
^MORIAX, 
 
 'I In Harvest Home in Palestine. 
 
 ?«ARY 
 
 " ,f d, il and Ihcir faces toward .he east, as they 
 
 :; , ,;id';:»id, .!« ..:„« .,„ ; ..... -j- -;-■->- 
 
 , trm-irds the Lord" (Psa, cxxin. 2; 2 Lliro. w. 5 '2;. 
 "xr,^ dose of this ceremony each tamily returns to Us 
 
 : t ie i- this hall, ,t is doubtful whether all had " suft- 
 ;;:,n^ious fervour c,r physical endurance to contuu,e all 
 ni-luin 'he whirl of jubilation." 
 
 THK SKCONU DAY OK PHK FK.AST, 
 
 ,,leich of the five succeeding days, begins like the first 
 ' h religious services throughout are conducted in he 
 ' L . vilh the exception that the water from hiloam .. 
 ;;::;;-airect from the _I^.e..r....r.^^^^^^^ 
 
 ;;:!nr.a:-d\>ra^^;:aibai^^ 
 
 M.- with the wine, as was done on the first ua>. l resn 
 „:;;,>;;■ ar*lo „r;,.sh. ..,. rr.,,., NU...a each ..o.,,.,,g an<l 
 
 „.;l,;ws and drawing of the water ...volved. I h.r. .- there 
 
 1 -ic the 
 
 ;UIU1,ANT l-ROCKSS OK WATKR-I'R VWlNC 
 
 ..1 Willow-gathering each morning of the six dap, which 
 ,.0 among the most interesting exercises oi the t.a.t 
 
 The nK.de of operation in these '^^^^^^ ^ " ^ ^^^^,: 
 Uhile the morning sacrifice -> ^^^^^rSf-^^A^s^o 
 
 iiniianie 
 
 d by a ioyous procession vvrd-i m 
 
 Y^y. 
 
 Pool of Siloam, whence 
 
 he draws water into a g< 
 
 ilden 
 
 \ '^ 
 
T Iw Harvest I Ionic in Palcstiiu 
 
 ])iu:lu'r. ••(■a])al)k' of lioldiiiL; tlirce lo^ (ratlicr more than 
 Uvo pints"). At the same lime that the profession starts 
 for Siloam, another, headed by a priest, goes to a jilan.' in 
 the Ki(hon Vallcw close by. where uillows grow, \\hi(h 
 they rut and bring up and placi' on either side ol the 
 ahar ol" i)urnt offering, so that it miglu liarmoni/e with the 
 other surro'.mdings pecuhar to the feast. 
 
 The arrangement of th.ese ])roc,essions is thus : 'I'hc 
 ])riest wlio goes down to Sih)am so times it that lie and the 
 <-ompany with the willows both return just as the jiieces 
 of the ordinary sacrifice are being carried uj) and jilaced on 
 the altar. As tlicy enter "l)y the Water-gate, which obtain- 
 ed its name from the water-drawing ceremony, they are 
 received bv a three-fold blast of the priests' trumpets." The 
 priest who has the willow branches proceeds to place them 
 at the altar without delay, and he who has the water ascends 
 the rise of the altar in company with a l)rother priest bear- 
 ing a tankard of wine to shed on the sacrifice with the wa- 
 ter, as already alluded to. During the time of this perform- 
 ance the trumpets are sounding, and the joy of the people is 
 unbounded. 
 
 IHK SiaoM) AND l'( U, 1,(1 W INC, 1>AYS OK TIIK lEAST 
 
 being regarded as half-holiilays only, are not kept so sacred 
 as the first day. On them the numi)er of sacrifices diiiiini.sh 
 daily as the law directs (Numb. .xxix. 12-39). '•'' f'l'*-'di- 
 ence to this law also, "one goat for a sin offering." with 
 ••his meat offering and his drink offering" must be oftered 
 dailv during the whole period of the feast. 
 
 rm; lUKXf offkrin'; 
 
 consists of Inillocks, rams, and laml)s. with their appirojiriate 
 meat and drink offering. The meat offering is composed of 
 llour mingled with oil. and seasoned with Irankincen'^e xw\ 
 salt, three tenth deals of which is recjuired for a bullock, and 
 two tenth deals for a ram, and one tenth deal for each of 
 the lambs that is to be offered. ( A deal is the same as an 
 omer, or about five pints — one half as much as a hin). The 
 driiik ofiering is wine without any mixtun-. one I'ouriii part 
 of a iiin (three and one third pints) for a ram. and halt a 
 
 ' I 
 
The Ihtrvcst Home in Palestine. 
 
 77 
 
 ,„ (Hvc ,inls) lV.r a bullock (Lev. xxui. 13 ; Numb. xv. 
 
 „s himbs, 14 rams, ami 70 bullocks, nettuv 
 ilic seventh day, 
 
 "THK (;RKAT day K^V TllK IKASf," 
 
 . ,-i . ts mike circuit of the altar seven times, instead of 
 
 "' ^ t didoneich of the previous six days ; and the 
 
 :;:;,:i^:^i:!;' Xo^^i-ut are^ngaged in by the pec.ple n. 
 
 , ; Friend!:lnd acc^uannances are ddj^htcd to >.eet 
 
 M, ,ri all the wav from the village of K'koa. •'^>™ lof a 
 
 , Ihc- o.mxTsi vvi.l, sola.™ coi,ntcna„ce a bm.t the s ate 
 
 , 1 .n in their ,e.,.e.:tivc loealitie. ; ^"l^^^^^. 
 
 Uu- rtlatiotis with surrot,ndii,g nalK„ts, •■-"' <' *on ^hak 
 
 . Im head, refers to certain evils whieh he sees '"O ™'V 
 
 : ;:: the di;.anee, but the <;U,er geiitlen^n W- > » j.^^as 
 
 'r:r'urr:d*"M"^i-^:™S"a.l\ivertl.^ 
 „::;: aK i;ttTe;:™,,se,n,loyed in profitable conversation or 
 
 'Ti'i'i'S Soon of the seventh day "f .he feast the w,,^ 
 ,„s ire taken from the altar and the leaves are shaken oil 
 
 ;:i!';i;l'rirfrdrt« dwell .hi. the,n during the com- 
 '"■^ "'^''^^" • J • „ QVnhTth " an holy convocation," 
 
 t;iosely connected with the Feast ol Tabernacle., cv.acntt> 
 
 I 
 
 iJi 
 
 I 'I 
 
78 
 
 The Ifnrvcst I Ionic in Palestine. 
 
 forms no part of the feast, as is clearly seen by the difference 
 in the s;i< rifices and the ritual, and the (nrc.iinistances, th;u 
 the people no longer live in booths. On this day the spe( ial 
 burnt offering consists of " one bullock, one ram, scvtii 
 lambs, and one goat for a sin offering" (Numb. xxix.36-^SJ. 
 
 Some authorities assert that the I'east of Tabernaclo 
 lasted eight days, and that the eighth day was " the grt-at 
 day of the feast" referred to by St. John ; but, according lu 
 our mind, the assertion is untenable. We are told by the 
 Apostle in the same connection, that on the evening of the 
 great day of the feast " every man went unto his own house." 
 and " Jesus went unto the Mount of Olives. And early in 
 the morning he « ame again into the 'I'emplc. and all 
 the people came unto him ; and he sat down and taught 
 them" (John vii. 37, 53 ; viii. i, 2). This statement sug- 
 gests to our mind, that " all the people" would not have as 
 sembled at the Temple on the ninth day had the day jjrevi 
 ous been the last day of the feast. It is therefore evidently 
 clear that it was on the morning of the eighth day, the day 
 of "holy convocation," immediately after the feast was over, 
 that Jesus and the people assembled in the 'I'emple to oh 
 serve that day in accordance with the comma) id. 
 
 To go into every detail of incident connected with the 
 observance of this great Feast of Tabernacles would he a 
 difficult undertaking, if not an impossibility ; for it \\:\> evi 
 dently observed at different times with slightly varying cir 
 cumstances. Doubtless the most elaborate preparation ever 
 made for its celebration was that arranged by Solomon, at 
 the time he placed 
 
 THK ARK Ol' TKK COVENANT 
 
 mm 
 
 in the most Holy Place of the Temple at its dedication. .\l 
 that time we are told Solomon held a feast at the dedication 
 of the altar seven days, and also kept the Feast of Taber- 
 nacles seven days, making " a solemn assembly" in the 
 eighth day ; " and on the three and twentieth day of the 
 seventh month he sent the jjeople away into their tents, glad 
 and merry in heart for the goodness that the Lord had 
 showed unto David and to Solomon, and to Israel his pen 
 pie" (i Kings viii. 65 ; 2 Chro. vii. 8-10). 
 
 As at that feast Solomon had " all Israel with him, a vlm\ 
 
The Harvest Home in Pah'stiiic. 79 
 
 .V U congregation, from the entering into Hamath unto the 
 n cr of Kgypt," the display made was no doubt m keeiu. g 
 t the " o tant occasion, and must have been mammoth 
 , re with that of Nehemiah and his captive brethren 
 :,;;alh::'fn;nds. who were coilected chiefly from thehm.U^ 
 ,,,,vince of ludea. The revoltmg tnbes that f rmcd the 
 kuiLidom of Israel" having been earned away captncto As 
 . n with the exception of a .'renmant" who. by some means 
 r^v^aled, escal-ed the terrib^ ^^^..^^T^::. 
 „ai,onfor their rebellion agamst the Most High, had there 
 unx no iiart or lot in this least of Nehemiah s. 
 
 The kingdom of ludah having also long since cea.ed to 
 ..: bom d.e samecau.e, the ol>scrvance ot ^^eC-reat le^ 
 „,• Tabernacles, as a national Thanksgiving of Isu el l^s 
 ,,,cssarilv imssed away. lUil its appointment b> Cod 
 
 2btLlly a wKler meaning U 
 i.u.sh Thinksgiving for a bountiful harvest, and a emmder 
 :; ;^ IS:^ of L..^ that the. ancestors dwdt m boo hs 
 when the Lord "brought then, out of the 1^' <J , ^^^> J ;. 
 
 niniiial observance, and was 
 
 TYPICAL OK THE BETTER THINGS TO COME. 
 
 .. u is remarkable how many allusions to this feast occur 
 ,, the writings of the prophets, as if Us types were the goal 
 
 :t all their desires." . r .u,. i-Va^t of 
 
 Two of the most important ceremoiiies of the 1 ^a^^ " 
 ,,. .rnacleswas the illumination of . the 1 emple jujd d 
 
 ;„uring out of the water, both o. whu . ^^j^^ ^^^^^"^^'^ 
 
 ,,,„i,^. >^ The light shm.ng out of the • ^^ '^^ ^^^^^ ;*- 
 
 ,i,,rkness around and lighting up every Cour " J ^^^^^^ 
 
 nnisl have been intended ^-/^^y>f ^'\"«^ ^'^ ° /tcie tW 
 „vih or "visible symbol of God's glory, xNhich a"f 'cnt y 
 
 ' ;;'lt" the taben^cle and in ^f^f^^^^^i^J^ 
 V.i ' L.eat light' which ' the people that walked in daikicss 
 e t^o s^e tnd which was to shine ' upon them that dwe 
 : the and of the shadow of death.' " May U not be ha 
 , nophesies as Isaiah ix. andlx. -re connc. ^d wUh th^^ 
 v,nb olism? At any rate, it seems most Pjo^f^^!^;,^^/ ^^j^^^ 
 • . r , „-p ,0 thJ'-- rere-nonv in the words spoken by mm 
 .;";„e^Tl;::;;ie at"u>aTvery Keas. of Tabernacle., a, .nc 
 
 n 3 
 
8o 
 
 The Harvest I fume in Palestine. 
 
 lime when the golden candelabra were shining brilliantlv 
 when he said : " 1 am the light of the world ; he that follou-- 
 eth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the liulu 
 of life." 'I'his being so. " that outward circiimstant e \M)u1(1 
 give I lis words 
 
 A WONDKRt 11. WE.\l/ni OF MKAMNC 
 
 to those who had ears to hear." 'I'hat light whirh >h(iiu 
 from the 'lemple Court "was natural, and related to the evr 
 of sense. Hut Christ's illumination was spiritual, and relalcd 
 
 to ih 
 
 e e\e 
 
 of faith. 
 
 emple " hght was a crLaluie 
 
 mat 
 
 le by Him; but He was the uncreated light, it 
 
 shone 
 
 upon a city made with hands, and was soon to be (|uen(lKil 
 in night," while " He is the light of the heavenly Jerusalem, 
 and there is no night there"; for "the Lord Cod gnvtli 
 them light, and the Lamb is the light thereof." Those im 
 believing Jews who saw that natin-al light at Jerusakin are 
 dead ; but he that sees Christ by faith, as the spiritual lij;lil. 
 '• shall never die, for He is the Light of Life." 
 
 It was also " in the last day, that great day of the Uim." 
 doubtless after the priest had returned from Sikiani with \\\> 
 
 iiild 
 re.l. 
 
 golden pitcher, and for the last time poured its contents 
 the vessel on the altar ; after the sacritkes had been offe 
 the leafv branches waved, and the last words of the hundred 
 
 led 
 
 soundc 
 
 and eighteenth Psalm sung, that the voice of Jesus re 
 through the 'J'emple, startling the multitude, and carry 
 " fear and trembling to the hearts of the leaders." as lie 
 " stood and cried saying : ' If any man thirst, let him come 
 imto me, and drink'" (John vii. 37). '-Then by faith in 
 Him should each one trulv become like the Fool of Siloam. 
 
 \W' 
 
 ()\V. 
 
 and from his innermost being rivers of living waters tl 
 "This speak He of the spirit, which they that believe on 
 Him should receive, 
 joy 
 
 Thus the significance of the rile ol 
 ous water-drawing at the Feast of'labernacles, in whii li 
 
 ullv 
 
 so many of the peojjle had taken i)art, was not onl\- f 
 explained, but the mode of its fulfilment pointed out. Ilie-i 
 words of Christ were spoken not only on the last day ot iIk 
 feast. l)ut 
 
 IIIK l.ASr DAV ('!■ IHK i.Asf FEAST OK TABF.KN ACi.i.:.. 
 
 " Never again could this feast be kept as a Divine authon 
 
^'^^ 
 
 The Harvest Ihwu in Polcstiiu; 
 
 8i 
 
 'iM < un .,i k-wish Ceremonialism had set, 
 ,n u, rise and a brighter day to '''^^'f.J''!T^\Li e.- 
 
 Unn^; vastly better in 'ts l-la x. "^^ ^' ^ ^ .^,,,^ .^ched 
 ,nd (IciUiles alike were thirstig ^ ^^^ dr^ ^^.^^.^^ ^,^,,^^ 
 
 land wherein is no ^^'^^^f " !'^ ,;t ■ u Id lully and fc.r ever 
 
 sUisfy. And it me jon^ ui invdnw water from the 
 
 , ,, Silaan., much more may we -* j'^^ ^f,,,,. . , , , 
 „,fc of Salvation. ■■ ""-■'■'-,, ^i^. '",', „l,ira e<n„e lo 
 ,„y man, whether evv <>' <;'"^ ^;,;";': ';.',„, everyone 
 
 ,,,,ir,ed the irrevocable ^'"'-^^^7';, \, ; '\ ,, .rouncl ran 
 ,;n>,.ise«. Water that ,s poured mt u m ^^ ^,^^ 
 
 never be gathered m- agam I f^' 'l^ ;„,,,,, f,,,m 
 ,,.,uringoutof then, confession ad ^;^ ^ ^^,,^^,^,,1 ,,- 
 'he very depths of t^irhear^ and u^al^ reminder ''of 
 pouring out their sins. It \^a^ nvre ^^^^_ 
 
 Iho fc,imtain that ^^^^^^l;;" ^; ,^^^ ^,u oLtal effusion 
 w.lderness," and a representation ' ^ ^'^ ; However. 
 
 ''^^'^'^'^'r^i?;i:';;uV:e':t>:-rr holy joy and 
 -S^nti:::;;:^^^^^^^ 
 
 prefigured by this Jewish festivity. -rabernacles 
 
 in the act of /„/,n-waving at t e ea t o 
 .here was dmihlless '^^'^TZfi^J^r »'-" ^'^'^ 
 
 iLCieeiueu ui . , „ revealed to ohn m 
 
 that " great multitude re\eaieu i>. .1 
 
 APOCAI.VPTIC VISION, 
 
 which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, 
 
 (ID) 
 
 l| i 
 
 l:-i 
 
 I 
 
 Is 
 
8.> 
 
 Ihc I larvist Ihniic in Poles/ ii,u\ 
 
 .111(1 pcopli'. and lon^'iu-., ulio " stofxl Ijeforc llic tlimiir, 
 and lic'foru the I, ami). < lotlud wiili white robes, aivl palii 
 in ihcir hands, and cried with a loud Noicc raying, Sah ition 
 to our (lod. \vhi< li sitieth u|)on thr hronc, and unto tin- 
 lamh. Aiid all the anwls sl(jo(l rouml alxnit the thr'uir. 
 and about the elders and the four ltea>is. and icW \.\\U)\\ ihcir 
 taecs, and worshipped (lod, sayint,' Amen : ili.->sinL'. and 
 ,L,dory, and wiMJoin. and thanksgiving, and houoiu-. and 
 power, and niiglu, be uiilo our ( iod for ever and vww 
 .\nien" (Rev. vii. (j-i 2). 
 
 'i nis •• imagery of heavenly realities," or act i 1 the ,.-,.,;. 
 in glory, was evidently prehgured by the eneireling ot thr 
 altar by the priests, as the lulavs, or emblems of victory ■. en 
 being waved by the worshippers in the Temple, '['lie action 
 of the priests had al^o a two-fold other meanin- The pio 
 cession UKirching around the lira/.en .Altar om e on cmM 
 day of the six days of the feast, and seven times on the sev 
 enth day, was a vivid remembranc-er of •• how the w.dK 1 1 
 Jericho lu'.d fallen before the trumjiets of the priesl> ' •\ tin 
 (lirecl interpcjsilion of (iod. and as a prelude that tin w.ills 
 ot he.ithenism wouUlfall before the promulgation of the (ins- 
 pel of Jehovah, and the land lie open for His peo])le to go 
 in anil possess it." 'I'he i-'east of I abernacles was therefore 
 a ])refiguration and an earnest of •• the grand harvest festi 
 val of the Church" in the good time coming, when the " si ,u 
 tered and peeled" posterity of " Israel shall blossom and 
 bud, and fill the face of the world with fruit" ; when l',]ili- 
 raim shall not envy judah. and judah Miall not vex Kphraiiii: 
 but when both shall return iji unison to seek the Lord then 
 t)od. asking "the way to /.ion with their faces thitherward, 
 saying, "ome and let us join ourselves to the Lord in a per- 
 petua' CMicnant that shall not be forgotten" ; and when "'' e 
 pun!>!i.!j(:n! of all nations that come not up to keep iie 
 s|.i- iM.i' ? east of d'abernacles," and to worshij) the King 
 the I,-;,' )f hosts" at Jerusalem, shall be the lack of rain in 
 all tlieir i)orders (Isa. \i. 13 : \xvii. 6 ; Jer. 1. 5 : Zech. xiv. 
 16-20). 
 
 The gradual abatement of the sacrificial offerings as the 
 solemnity advanced was also intended by God to exhibit 
 unto his ancient people a re])resentation of the 
 
 111 
 
 \ \vc re 
 
 ' rifices ! 
 
 comer? 
 
 V to II 
 
 'inid belt 
 
 Hie sev 
 (orrespon( 
 ill, It time. 
 1,1 1 mud n 
 1-rael, bu' 
 -'lies us, 1 
 
 their 
 
 hon( 
 
 ■ I'o (led 
 in jerusal 
 the kingd 
 
 It is al 
 • in 1: 
 
 ■ iiition 
 >ctded in 
 .:er> on t 
 iirhs, fr 
 iciits anc 
 pilgrims 
 
 f 1 iel). xi 
 I'he f< 
 day of e 
 >imls, ai 
 I'.xactly 
 sorrow ; 
 10 reviv 
 irile ont 
 
 is the SI 
 certain 
 Savioui 
 surpass 
 iiient b 
 
The Harvest Home in "altstinc. 
 
 G NA'rrri 
 
 III \r nisi'KN- \ii"N 
 
 4 
 
 m 
 
 MB 
 
 •ass 
 
 nil 
 
 IS- 
 
 , ,,,.,, ,, , n,i that ;i -ime should cwnif when sudi 
 
 MTiticcs ns wcu llirii olT iv> ulii.li rouUl .. cr >• make 
 
 , ,,mers thereunto perffrt." .hould vani.h au.iy and give 
 
 to more spiritual oblations, which should please the 
 
 I,„a better than any bullock that halh both horn md 
 
 ""I'he .eventv bulhn-ks whi-h were offered during Uu- h 
 ,,,nvM-nde.r-to the 70 nations of the world" kn--^ 
 ,,,,1 time, or the number of the .b wish Sanhednm. 
 l.dmud records ■• HkU these sacritucs were f f^^''^'^' 'J 
 hrael, but for the nations m the world' ; and t'^^" ''"- '^ 
 M.res us, thai, in dt.e lime, all nat.ons and --I'l^^^^f ^' ' f 
 their honour and glory into the Sanctuary of the Most Higlu 
 To declare the .lame of th.' Lord in /ao^ and h.s pnme 
 ,n lerusalem ; when the peoi-le arc gathered together, and 
 thJkin. loms, to serve the Lord" (Psa. cu. 21, ^-^ 
 
 It is also more than probable that the dwellmg of the pto- 
 . „, b(H,ihs so many days each year, was a solemn rec- 
 ognition thai they were still in a wanderin. "■ '^^^^^ 
 .etiled in Canaan ; that thcv looked on them. ^ stran- 
 
 ger, on the ear^h, even m the land of promts. ,h^ patn^ 
 
 'urhs from whom thev sprung, confessed, 1 iv\cllmg in 
 n"'and tabernacles in the same land, that ihey were bu 
 l^Srims here, and exv>ected a better heavenly n.hentance 
 
 '^^Thclcll on-abernacles M.egan soon after the sorrowRil 
 ,,a '^cxpiadon, in which the ,,eople of Israel attl.cted the.r 
 ..uls, and was a lively representation of the great atonenae, 
 i-xacUy so, the Christian's joy treads upon he hee t go > 
 sorrow ; and it is the prerogalwe ot the u, a>.l h t.^ O e 
 to revive the spirit of the humble, and the hea.l oihc con 
 itc one The bloodv death and nu.-r,tonous sufleru^gs ot 
 
 I ■> 
 
 m 
 
 N« 
 
 THl'. V.MV.xr SACRUICK 
 
 isthesounx from whence it springs. It ,s strange, out 
 ; in that the sinner's unspeakable oy anses frcn.. t^ 
 Saviour's unutterable woe. Well may they keep -^^^^^ 
 ., . f f^i .„virtp- \viii) hnvf' received the atone 
 
 S;; by je«.s Christ ;>veU may U,cy .hout lor ,oy. whos. 
 
 1^ 
 
 ■, -*j3»-^>^ri-^-i-;"-«"-i^;W3^;r'^" 
 
MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TtST CHART 
 
 ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No 2 
 
 1.0 
 
 I.I 
 
 ™ III— 
 
 m 1^ 
 
 ''" 112.0 
 
 1.8 
 
 1.25 
 
 U 
 
 1.6 
 
 ^- APPLIED IM^GE 
 
 "=> ^S8 ',989 - Fa, 
 
84 
 
 1 he Harvest 1 loiiie in Palestine. 
 
 IIUIIUI 
 
 ly is jinrdoned, whose transgression is covered, 
 
 and tn 
 
 whom the Lord will not impute sin : for though he was am 
 
 wi 
 
 Ih the 
 
 rv 
 
 em his anger is turned away." It is worthv of note 
 that " before that great festival of harvesting and thanksgiving 
 Israel must, as a nation, iie reconciled unto (iod, for only 
 a people at jieace with (lod, might rejoice before llini iii 
 the blessing with which He had crowned the )ear. And 
 the import of the hay of Atonement, as preceding the I ea-.i 
 of Taberna* les, becomes only more striking, when we re- 
 member how that feast of harvesting prefigured the ingather- 
 
 ing ot all nations. In connection with this ])oint it may 
 also be well to remember that the jubilee year was alw 
 proclaimed on the Day of Atonement or Kxpiatir 
 
 i\s 
 
 )n. 
 
 ■he 
 
 removal 
 
 of th 
 
 e willows from the altar, and the des 
 
 truction of the ])alms by its side 
 
 may be meant to sviii- 
 
 boli/e that the vcirdure of the field and forest may go and 
 winter come apace," since (lod in covenant with man l^a^ 
 
 na^ 
 line 
 
 inter. 
 
 given assurance that, " while the earth remaineth, seed t 
 and harvest, and cold and heat, and summer and w 
 and day and night shall not cease" (Oen. viii. 22). 
 
 The first day of the Feast of 'I'abernacles being a. Sabbath, 
 and that immediately succeeding the last day of it being a 
 .Sabbath also, clearly sets forth the perpetuity of the sacred 
 day of rest during both 
 
 'I hi: OLD AND THE XKW DISPENSATIONS, 
 
 with its essential transfer from the last day of the former to 
 the first day of the latter, which forms the beginning of the 
 Christian era, in which case, the observance of the day was 
 held in commemoration of the work of Redemption, as l)e- 
 ing a greater work than that of Creation, in remembrance of 
 which the day was formerly celebrated. We are informed 
 by Scripture that " In the end of the .Sabbath, as it began to 
 dawn toward the fust day of the week," the crucified Re- 
 deemer, who is " Lord of glory," burst the barriers of the 
 tomb, and arose a mighty conqueror, introducing a new 
 order of worship in His service, to continue until the con- 
 summation of all things. As He also is " I>ord of the .Sab- 
 bath," He only had the right to establish the jjrecept in har- 
 mony with the Divine prediction, that the offerings of the 
 people .should be made ui)on the eighth day instead'of the 
 
The Harvest Home in I'ahstim: 
 
 85 
 
 . ..nth as fbrmerly (K/ck. xln>. .7)- , He..ce the cIm>^o f 
 :i,,. sacred day of rest. The Asse.nbly of ^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 ,„nister. many years ago, puts ,t thus : •• l^rmn 1^^. ^^^ "" 
 ,„. of the world to the resurrection of Lhn.t, (.od a 
 
 nled the seventh day of the week to bu "he week!) hab- 
 
 !,,;,, ; and the first day of the week ever smce tQ ^-^'ni'"^'^' ^'^ 
 iv end of the world, which is the Christian habbath. 
 Many other observances of die i^'ople in connection with 
 .'a. Feast of Tabernacles are doubtless recorded to teacli u^ 
 : : ,c lessons and encourage us as to the faithful discharge of 
 ,; .lulies we owe to Ciod and man. ^^^^^ ^""'^ ^:' 
 t ..resented free-will offerings on Cod s altar, besides 
 „o legallv re.iuired, so should we cheerfully contribute o 
 ,. Lord's kause of that which He hadi given us. 1 he old 
 . ulaced in Israel as to this matter is still binding upon 
 ,n>tians, with increase.! obligati<m, that they are first to 
 Nc thanks to the Lord 
 
 hi 
 
 IN I'KRPKTUAI. COVKXAN r, 
 
 „1 then to His cause in the world, of that which they pos- 
 ..,s as stewards of the Divine Master. 
 
 \t the Feast of Tabernacles the Jews entertained the poor, 
 ■1,; fatherless, the stranger, and the widow ; and so are we 
 :,, imitate their example in this respect. 1 here aie many 
 poor and needy always with us, and we have ;^^>;; f "^ «P^ 
 portunities of practically expressing o^^r L\^p^:^^^^^ And 
 'f we do so, the time may come when die king will .ay to 
 , • "I was an hungered and ye gave me meat. I was 
 -.iursty and ye uave .me drink ; I was a stranger and ye took 
 ;;;e in .1 'uismuch as ye have done it unto one of he 
 least of these, my brethren, ye have done it unto me. May 
 this be the hapi)V exi)erience of every reader of this sketch 
 Vnd whether or'not 'it is believed that the joyous nat.ona 
 festival of the lews, which the writer has endeavoured to 
 , .resent with carefulness as to accuracy, was intended to re- 
 present the ingathering of believers in the Gospel dispensa- 
 lion as well as in 
 
 THE GRAND HAKVl.ST HOMK IN GI.DRV, 
 
 uhen God's ransomed people shall all be gathered in that 
 
86 
 
 The Harvest Home in Pa/esfine. 
 
 place which the Redeemer lias gone to ])ie]<are tor t 
 that trust in His atoning sacriiice, as the onlv ho 
 
 pe () 
 
 tl 
 
 Kill 
 
 leii 
 
 salvation, it is the candid ojiinion of received aatlKjr ty 
 
 one only tyjie of the 
 
 lice II 
 
 on this subject 
 
 that the Feast of Tabernacles is the 
 Old restament, the full significance of which has ikji 
 
 realized. A ray of light is undoubtedly cast 
 by our Saviour in his reference to ihe great final 
 iiig" time, in which Me says : " 'I'he harvest i^ 
 
 the world ; and the reapers are the angels." •• 
 ill that day, and leaf) for joy ; for behold your 
 great in heaven." Again it is stated, that He " wil 
 the wheat into his garner; but the chaff h 
 
 ini,'atli 
 lid 
 
 er 
 
 lie e 
 
 Hejnice ye 
 reward i> 
 
 atlirr 
 e will burn wjiji 
 
 (rain 
 
 fire unquenchable." We are also told tliat this true 
 
 shall be brought '• with gladness and rejoicing" into the King' 
 
 palat:e to abide for ever. Hence, the all-important nue>l 
 
 lion 
 
 with 
 
 every one is 
 
 On which side will I be found 
 
 and under such inc[uiry, to give diligence to make our call- 
 ing and election sure (2 Peter i. 10). Having faithfully 
 discharged this duty, we shall, in due time, be enabled to 
 "enter in through the gates into the city," "whose builder 
 and maker is ( iod," and join in that eternal feast of thanks- 
 giving to Him " who washed us from our sins in His own 
 blood, and made us kings and jiriests unto (lod and to the 
 
 f which the Jewish " ingathering" festival .as a 
 
 Lamb 
 
 mere shadow, compared to the substance of such a giorioii> 
 
 realization. 
 
INXRODUCTIOX 
 
 TO 
 
 CONiNTECXED P2.ECOP2.ID 
 
 REV. DR. TALMAGE'S 
 ■Yoiiv to, Tln'onab, nnd tVoii) tl)c 
 
 1 .ill 
 
 1( 
 MC O 
 'il 
 
 Rev. Dr. Talmage, the popular paslor o llie \";ook > n 
 ',crnacle, is a man of a(:kno^vled.^ed al.ihty. Ot fertile 
 ^rinalion.^ood voice, ready utterance, and earnest and 
 , , .ourous style, he is eminently fitted for effectiveness ,n the 
 . ilnit, and his addresses are always listened to with inanicd 
 .n.ntion bv inte/ested and delighted audiences. I hese 
 liences are cosmopolitan in character, composed as tliey 
 of rei.resentatives of every Christian communion and 
 . .me. He is possessed of great force ot ctiara<:ter, is well 
 .ntormed and clear-headed, and deservedly stands high m 
 p.blic estimation. And when he will have jomed t^lie g eat 
 majority his name will be associated with those of Henry 
 W ard Beecher and Charles Haddon Si)urgeon as one ot the 
 •iwee i^reatest preachers of the last half century. 
 
 .V^ a writer ^also he is well and widely known, not on y 
 -rough his sermons, whi<h are published week ^y c^'^ 
 .. ores of newspapers, and read by tens "^ .^'^"^^^ . ' 
 iave never seen his face nor heard his voice, but aU) m 
 :;ih:r"c:ducts of his brain and pen. Of these U . >k, now 
 
 !on 
 
 to his Tour through the Holy 
 
88 
 
 Introduction, 
 
 he had long cherished an ardent desire to see for liim>tl( 
 tlie ])la(;es celel)rated in sacred story around wiiich gatlier 
 so much of interest to the devout student of Scrij>ture, and 
 to make a personal pilgrimage through the country 
 
 " O'er whose broad acres 
 Walked those blessed feet ; which, 
 Eighteen hundred years ago, were nailed 
 For our advantage to tb.e bitter Cross." 
 
 To the places visited by him during that tour, attention i> 
 called in the following pages, which cannot fail to be (;f in- 
 terest to the pious reader. As we follow the path of the 
 great divine, and of his greater Master, the scents of other 
 days rise before us, the characters of former times go trooji 
 ing by, and we feel as if we were fellow-actors in the a('t> 
 and deeds which have clothed these localities with uiulsing 
 interest, and invested them with a holy charm. .As Rev. 
 Dr. Punshon has beautifully said; "If Runnyniede can 
 never be forgotten, if lona is a holy place, if Marathon is a 
 sacred shrine beaten by the jjilgrim feet of earth, and if the 
 blood Hows fleeter through our veins as we tread the field 
 that men call Waterloo," then surely such places as Heihle 
 hem, Nazareth, Bethany, Gethsemane, Calvary, and the City 
 of the Great King, must ever be deemed sacred by the saillt^ 
 of God, because of the great facts of history with which they 
 have been inr^eparably associated, and in which the whole 
 human family are directly concerned. 
 
 l.tUiTwl acc(i 
 \ II Morrow, s 
 
 Rev. Dr 
 
 On the 
 
 private see 
 
 H<ily Land 
 
 of good-bye 
 
 ;irrived in \ 
 
 ■• I nuist ! 
 
 Itlls his lu'i 
 
 titd hy the 
 
 that hunuii 
 
 fore," i^ays 
 
 which we 
 
 We want t 
 
 were erectc 
 
 hands. I 
 
 also see Ki 
 
 Rev. Dr 
 
 the renowi 
 
 (■very qiiai 
 
 tVaetured 
 
 tared mar 
 
 Another i; 
 
 uiher reu( 
 
 rl(Pi|ut'nce 
 
 luhelled a 
 
 time-honoi 
 
 iucareerat' 
 
 .Maiuertin( 
 
 -iirroundii 
 
 !ip(in his 1 
 
 lure," lie ; 
 
 have sutii, 
 
 his life." 
 
 .-'»ni(' otht 
 
 lie beeami 
 tion, and 
 Italy ofh 
 desire he 
 
l.iUtTtMl accdrdlng to Act of rarliamciit ol'CanaUa in the year IHiK), hr Ifcbert 
 \ II Morrow, at the Depiirtraenl of Agriciiltiiri'.) 
 
 Rev. Dr. Talmage's Trip * ) the Holy Land. 
 
 On the :50tl» OctohiM-, Dr. Taliimgc, his wife, (Iiui^IiUt, 
 nrivat*' st'cretiirv iiikI wile, loft Now Y(irk, eti rouU' for tho 
 Holy Liuul, on board tlio " City of Piiris," amid an ovation 
 of "ood-byes. Novenibor 10th tho distin<:nishod tourists \\n<{ 
 ;irnvod in Ronio, whoro Dr. Talnuif^o proaoiiod from tho toxt : 
 ■• I must ako soo Romo." During this discourHe Tahnagt- 
 tells his lioaroi-s that his do.-iro to visit tlioir city \va.- inton.si- 
 lird by th.' fart that he wanted to bo coufirmod in tho fooling 
 that liuman life is brief, but its work la8t,s_ forever. " Tlioro- 
 t'oro," says he, ".show us tho aiitiijuitii's of Old Rome, about 
 uhioh we have been reading for a lifetime, but iK'Vor soon. 
 Wo want to see the buihlings, or ruins of old buildings, that 
 sserc erected hundrods and th()usan<ls of years ago l)y human 
 hands. I can hardly wait until Monday mortiiug. I must 
 also see Rome." ... 
 
 Rev. Dr. Talniage stoppoil three days in Rome, visiting all 
 the renowned plaees of anti(iuitv, ami ooUoeting relies tium 
 evorv (luartor, until his pockets strained umler the weight of 
 fractured masonrv. One of his e<»llection is a scrap of sculp- 
 tured marble winch once adorned a i)illar in Nero's palace 
 \ii(.thor is a [x.rtion of the rostrum on which Cicero and 
 other renowned orators thrilled their audiences with the^ir 
 ,lo,,uence in the great Roman Forum. One, which ho 
 iihoUod as a " special treasure," is a piece of the ancient 
 time-honored niortur of the dung<'on where St. I aiil was 
 iiK^arcerated. Dr. Talmago visited tho rum of this ()id 
 Maiuortine i)rison throe times, making a diagram of its entire 
 Mirroundinirs. No other place in Rome made such impro.s.sion 
 upon his mind. "Oh, that <.ur church membei-s co.ih ••oino 
 lure •' bo said, " and s<>o Nvith their own eyes what 1 aul must 
 have suffered, and then go home and, in a measuiv, relieve 
 hi< life." The gnnit i)reachor was also deeply impressed by 
 -ome other old ruins in the imi.orial city. On vis.lmg the 
 
 COLOS8EUM AT KOME 
 
 l,e became enamored with its seating capacity for a congrega- 
 tion, and expressed a desire to the I mtod States M.ni.s or to 
 halv of having it duplicated in America. In support of this 
 dosiVe he said f" I have discovered something m regard to it 
 
 i 
 
I: 
 
 2 licv. Dr. Tnhnftr/,'\-< ?V/> h the Holy L„iul. 
 
 whioh I Imve nt-ver heard spc.km cf. I allmle to itn uccusti, 
 (iiialitics. I tri("<l tliciii t(.-clay. Some of my finnilv stoixl on 
 the opposite nidc of tlic Colossfiini, whidi was oipaMc „f 
 holdiii^r 1()0,0()(> people, wliile I stood on the phiee once oceu 
 pi.'d l»y Nero, and they lieard every word I uttered thun 
 -,)roviiig that in a huilding of this kind the human v(,i,vVould 
 ;)e heard by lOO.OOO j.eopU'. Such a structure, devoted to 
 art*^, science, i!(hieation and religion, wouhl somewhat atone 
 for the liorrid cruelties that were, during five centuries 
 enacted in its Koinan Original." 
 
 This stupendous structure is the crowning ruin of Rome 
 It was erected over 1,X()0 yeai-s ago hv Vespasian, who com- 
 j)oll(<l, it is said, ()(»,()()() eai)tive Jews, taken at the destructi(,ii 
 of Jerusalem, to lahor ten years in building it. It was one of 
 the grandest aiirl iiio,«t renowned of nil the ancient aniphi- 
 theatre.s and, although u.sed as a (|uarry for ages from which 
 to furnish material for other buildings, .still remains in d'-'au- 
 tie form, apparently delving the corroding tooth of tim(~ "" At 
 it*t inauguration, which lasted one humlred davs, it is com- 
 puted ."),()()() bea.«t,s and .several thousand men were slaughtered 
 in the game.s for the amusement of the spectators. 
 
 The architectural arrangement of this structure is admir- 
 able. The building is oval in form, and covei-s five aen^ of 
 ground. Its circumference! is 1, !>()() feet. I^einir an ellipse, 
 its longer diameter is (')')S, and its shorter o.'i.S teeit. Its outer 
 wall is of granite, four stories, rising to the height of 202 feet. 
 Inside the building three tiei-s of galleries were erected around 
 the wall, each projecting beyond the one above it, so that all 
 the si)eetatoi-s might be able to see the central space on the 
 ground floor, calh'd the arena. This aremi was 2X1 Wvt in 
 length, and ]7<) in breadth. The (irst gallery was supported 
 by a row of eighty arches (.f Doric style, arising from the 
 ground, betwe(>n which were the entrances, clnuubers and 
 dens, where the gladiators and savage beasts were kept await- 
 ing the combats. On top of these arches an etpial number of 
 Ionic order supported the .<econd gallery. A third .series of 
 Horid Corinthian order overtopjjcd the others, and sujtported 
 the upper gallery. Over all these a i-ow of grand old arches 
 gave finish to the whole. This great arena had no roof 
 further than a huge awning, which was folded or expanded 
 a.s desired. Although only fragments of the upper jjortions 
 remain, a large numl)er of the lower arches are apparently 
 lus solid aj5 ever they were. Some of the stones used in this 
 inside work are six feet long, five and a half wide by two 
 
Kev. Dr. Talmages Trip to tlir Holy Land. :i 
 
 and a half thii'k, and clowly t'cnicutcd topctlicr. Antiunl iW 
 inU'rior ol" the builtlinjj; a ihuhIht of small cliaiiclrt an- 1 rii'UHi. 
 A lii'di crKSt* is also coiistnu'ttMl in the ct'iitrt' ot" tlic arena. 
 Varieties ot" plants and tlowcrs apfwar in various jjlacos inside 
 ilic wallt', and tlu; whole place invites the visitor to sit down 
 and trv to pi(;turo to liiniself the aneient eondjats that titok 
 (ilaee liore, so that he laij^dit have a more exalted idea of the 
 (lumwtic ruins about hitn. 
 
 |)r. Talniage havini: sev-n Rome and piieked his " iiirio.-ily 
 trunk," departed t()r Naples, which was reached hy rail in sis 
 lii/urs. A stop of two days \\ii.s nuvde at this i-ity. Here Dr. 
 Talmujie found nuich food for thou^jht, hut I'ew r.'lics, and 
 cro.s.sed Italy l)y rail to IJrindisi, where he preached on " Paul's 
 Shipwreck,'"' recorded Acts 27. As this liistnriial port of the 
 Adriatic is said to he the phu^e where St. Taul landed after 
 iK'injr .shipwrecked, Dr. Talmu^'e felt a special interest in its 
 welfare, (.'onvineed, however, tliat " the haven was not coin- 
 niodious to winter in," and having spent two houi-s .seeking in 
 vain for the old nuinsion where N'irgil was born, nisolved to 
 (see Greece, and proeeedeil hy .steun.-r which \r\\ that night, 
 arriving at Patrius in twenty-eight hours after .icparture. 
 
 A fe"w hours after reaching I'atra-. the Brooklyn divine 
 :ind con.sorta were bowling along a (.reeian railroad ..n the 
 way to Athens at tlu; rate of iifteen miles an hour. Talniage 
 being used to fa.ster "go," and tired of his crampe.l p(.sition, 
 felt Fikc jumping oH'the train and running a few mile- ahea<i 
 of it, as advance guard, fore.Kcrcise. However, tlie announce- 
 ment that coKINTII 
 
 was reached ma<le all right again, and a short time \mu- here 
 spent in sight-seeing. Dr. Talniage was greatly impre,s.sed 
 with the appearance of this once distinguished <'ity. Uh" glory 
 of which has departed. Corinth is now a ..mail vdlage, Init 
 its natural defence, known as the Acror<>nn(hH.i, a va.st citafk' 
 of rock, which ri.ses abruptly t- the height ot 2,<HK) feel still 
 remains, utilized as a fortress to protect iIk. I^t um.s. Deter- 
 mined to view the storied land from this " Neb.), Dr. Talmage 
 climbed to it8 summit, and was well repaid by the outlo..k. 
 Amon.^ other things discernible from this point is the site oi 
 the old church where women were forbidden to talk, and he 
 race course where the runners contended ft.r"- corruptible 
 referred to bv the great Apostle to the Gentiles. _ 
 
 crowns, 
 
 B 
 past 
 
 Ba.skingon this f..rt the great preaclier had a vision ot .t^i 
 Bt hiotory, and afterward.- described it thus: 'btaudmg ou 
 
4 
 
 /,Vr. Ih. 'I'itlmoiirM Trip Id thf. Ifn/ij Lntd. 
 
 th. old torlnsh at ('i)riiitl), the A.ioconntliii.s out from th.- 
 niiii< at its \nm' urocc in mv iiiiuuinntion tlw old city, jtiHt as 
 Piuii saw it. I liav.' luc n' told lluit for s|,|,.inl(.r tlif world 
 beholds MO -iich wondt'i- to-dav a> thai aiicitiit Coiiiilh staml- 
 inroii an isthniUH washed hv two seas, tlif one sea l.rin^'ing 
 till' coninu'ic.' of KuroiH', the olhor mi. hrin-rinfr the coi.iiiu'm. 
 of Asia. From Ih r wharves, in the coiistnietKHi of whioh 
 whole kin^:dom.- lui.l been absorbed, war ^ralleys, with three 
 blinks of oars, i.u>lied out ami .'onfonnde*! the navy yardw of 
 all the world. Hn^;e haiide.l machinery, such as modern 
 invention cannot e<nial, lifted ships from the .sea on one Hide 
 und transported them on trucks across the isthmus and sat 
 them (h.wii in the sea on the other side. The revenue oIKcers 
 of the city went <lown throuirh the olive uroves that Imedthe 
 beach to 'collect a tarilV fn-m all nation^. The mirth of all 
 i,eo|.le >i.orte<l in her l.^thmian .irames, an<l tlw beauty o_t a 1^ 
 lands sat in her theatres, walked h.'r porticos and threw itselt 
 (,11 the alfir of her -tupcndou.- (li.-,-ipatioii>. Column, and 
 statue, ami temple bewildend the beholder. There were 
 white 'marble fountains, into which, from apertures at the 
 side there --ushed waters everv where known for health-giving 
 qualities. Around these basiiis, twisted into wreaths of .stone, 
 there w<'re all the bea\ities of sculpture and architecture; 
 while stamlinjr, as if to ^aiard the costly display, was a .-tatue 
 of Hercules of burnished Corinthian brass. \ ases ot terra 
 cotta ad<.rne.l the cemeteries of the dead — vase.-4 so co.st y that 
 •lulius Cusar was not .satisfied until be had captured them 
 for Rome. Armed otHcials, the corintharii, paced up and 
 down to see that no statue was defaced, no p.>de.stal overthrown 
 no ba.-relief touched. From tlu- edjre of the city the hdl held 
 its matrnificent burden of ci.lumns and lowei-s and Unipha 
 (1 000 slaves waiting at one shrine), and a citidal so thor- 
 oughlv imiiregnable that Gibraltar is a heap of sand com- 
 pared" with it. Amid all that strengtb and magnihcence 
 Corintb .4ood and defied the world." " All aboard for 
 
 ATHKNS" 
 
 was the signal u. depart from Corinth, and in a few hours Dr. 
 Talmaiie and family were snugly ensconced in the " Hotel de 
 la (irn'nde Hretonge," in the once famous Capital^ of Attica. 
 The arrival at Athens was (Mi the evening of Nov. 20th. The 
 following morninL' Dr. Talmagc preached on Mars Hill to a 
 mixed audience, taking for his text, Paul's address to the 
 •u-icnt ci^izen'^ of this phi(>t>. recorded Acts 17, and on his 
 
Dr. 'r=i1n.up. SUV. v» '»'- '"- " ; ^, ; ,H.v<.r'uw a 
 
 unt niootintr with M. l'-';:"'" ' ' ,' . I, it l.i^ m^Ut omUT- 
 He wa. not only .K.v.a.n.ly ^•'^"- -^^ ! ;\j , ,, . .vor. pn- 
 
 ..„to.l to tla- rnya anuly. V ''„;.* J ",,.,ri th.- faint..t 
 I .x,,.vsM-.l th.. vv.sh ^'V'''' ;• , ' ./ \,,;,;,.t- rork tVo.a Mars 
 ,^. ,.,,.„avn.. '' ^'^'''p'' ';•;:;. .to. rit.. a not. to iW 
 Hill, uln.v l-au .too.!. ;;^J ;,,,,,,,,,,,. an answer num. 
 nrinu- n.in.^t.r. 1 .1.-1 -^/ '' ;\ 'V,.,! , A.ronlinu'ly a 1..-.' 
 ,uck that n.v .l.sMv woul. »"' £'\ ,''• .^,,,, ;, i, ,., lu- hrwn 
 
 UWk of p-anit. wa. rut tnm. th< ^ ^- 'I " ,/ ^, n,.,," 
 
 >"t<. a pulpit tor n.y n.w t^ -••;;><■ '';^, „.,, i,^.,.i,-in,. 
 Dr.Valma^.'Wlayat -y^^' :'';.'! r;.ii,,,.- ■ "Though 
 His jimit n-anl t<.r the pla.v >> "•';,', ,,;, ,.•„,. „„„ with 
 ...r^c-lasM.. asso..iati..n.a.v -'•' ^ ''l; ! .^ ,,,r I'lato. an<l 
 any ,.itv und..' th. >nn »«-"»'- ^'•'^;/;,", il.n.aitns. an.l 
 
 l'vtha-ora>, Xcnophon, ami » '''^ ' '" ^ ,.i„a ull those nu-n 
 tau.lu or thun.lHva or sun... y. n - ^ , ..j ),, 
 
 aiaftheir teaching. u.rY;rl.p. > ; " ^^^, .,,■ ( "..rinth." 
 urcac-hc..lintiascayan(ln.you. ... l> > ^^^. ^^^^^j^.^,^ 
 
 Athrns. lln- -Hn Im^ '' , ., i, nl.lin- arr atlra.'tiw an.l 
 built. It. r.lu.atu,nal an.l ' >^;^- , l^^^i,,, .I'tlu. ;.n-at 
 
 han.lsun,... Anmn.i, . .« ant .,n > . n t ' ^ A.'Vop-li^- Trilmne 
 
 ..f l),M....sthfn.>. ana -V''*"'!"'^^,'-' .'\ Ij .,,. ,, .teamcr wa.s 
 ,xamim.a all ih- h.st..ru- ru.n^ .>» Ath.n., 
 
 taken for \.].\:\ vndhia. 
 
 that .... Kgyptuu, W.H ',,!-,;;;„„ .. „,,;;,„i„,l Jhe cnt.re 
 
 ladi.»' cal.l", «i """ ;"«' ■'' "S e^ ^, „a,e tl.« .«. Al- 
 allowinj.' unwusl,.-.! ■V"^, '"' ' Tirh • O.i* v.,vn|,'.', yet h'' 
 
 W 
 
fi 
 
 li>'y. hi . 'I'ii/iiii"/i ' Trill In III- llnhj //ftiifl. 
 
 tlirttii^rli tlic " H<'<l Sea " of iiiliiilatiiii) he wmiltl •iunn rcHch 
 flic " I'lurnisi (I I.iiiifl." Ill due lime u hiiidin^ wuh fHi'cU'd 
 at AlrMimlria, ulicif a «iili:-l:iiitial hnaklii-t wa?^ nccivrd 
 wltli lliaiiksi.ri\ iii'j. Attn' rtasliii); "ii tlif daiiilii - nl' M^vpt, 
 u stmll nCtuit liiiiir- |M rmitlnl a lnnk at l'ntii|H\ ■.- I'illar, aiiti 
 a <lriM- In tfic palai't (it'llic K liidivc. Hi.- lii-liiir.-.-, I»riii;» 
 al uM iidl 111' -II II, !''it ilif vi.-ili'i- v.iTc fakt'ii t'lroii^li 
 
 ftii palaif ^Midtii.-, and al'lfr pai'lakiii;^ nf it.- tViiit, the 
 liidics wriT |in<fiitfd witli li'.ii(|!i' t< (Vntii il- t'nliaL'i'. Few 
 'ill Is ol'sjiocial iiitciot lirin;; 111 ri- tu di h'':, tlif tiavullora, 
 a dipaittirc was iiisidc liy rail fur 
 
 < AIKO, 
 
 wlnic tlu' t<airi>l> arrived tin tin- ( AcniiiL!' nf Nnv. I'dtli, weary 
 mid " liciivv la<leii." uwiiij.' to tlwir hnk of re>t, and pelildcH 
 eolleeted l»y l)r. Taliiiai.'e. 
 
 This city is l.'il miles hy rail from Alexandria, -iliiated on 
 the eastern >ide of the Nik', and is the jioiiit whence all tlio. 
 bouts now start to nuike the asi( nt of that renowned rivt^r. 
 It is surrounded hy walls, at one aiiLrle ot' uhieh stands li 
 citadel. Its inhahilanls immher KIO.OOO. 
 
 Good lied and hoard at this phieo soon survived the ilroop- 
 ini: .-"iiirits of the tourists, and in tin' niornin^f, when all met at 
 the hrcakl'a.-t table refreshed and cheerful, a portion of Dr. 
 'raliiiaL'o's " irraee " was, "Thank (lod for sleep." 
 
 After lii'enkfast a visit was made to the iJoulak mii.-^'uni, 
 where the imimiiiii.- of niaii\ ancient kinirs of I'^irvnt aro 
 jircxerved. On visitiiit: this charnel-house, Dr. TalinaL'e had 
 no trouble si'le>tin<^ the li-entlcman i Meiiephtha i, who liidd bo 
 many disastrous interviews with Moses. Alter invcstiiratinj^ 
 this " imperishable type of evanescence," with liible in hand, 
 he describes it thus to Mi's. Talinaue: " Here, visible, are the 
 very teeth Vharoali unashed ajrainsl the Israelitish brick- 
 inakers. Here are the sockets of the merciless oye^ with 
 which he looked at the overburdened people of (iod. Here 
 are the locks of yellow hair that floated in the breeze as he 
 stood on the banks of the Ked Sea. Here are the very lips 
 with which he commanded the people to make bricks without 
 straw. Notice this uplifted arm. Thousands of yeaiv after 
 the wrap pel's of this mummy art! unrolhMl, riiaroah lifts up 
 his hand as if imploring;, lint ids skinny {inj;ers can never 
 a.L'iiin clutch his cruel sceptre." Dr. Talnia<fe, referring to 
 this mummy afterwards, says: "One of the most intensely 
 mterestinjT things I saw in Egypt wa.^ Pharaoli of olden times, 
 
!'n. Dr. T'iIiiukji'k TH}> to 
 
 fh'- Ifnfi/ htuil 
 
 jg* 
 
 the vnv l'l.am..l. who u,,,,ns..,l tlir l-ia. l.u .-. Ux' ii'-<r.|»- 
 
 ,•„,„ n,i his suvnplui.us ai.-l th.' wntiuL^ '•" l«'s "'""""f 
 
 |„i„<lii.TS uinvr 1m v..,„l r,,„trMV.r.y tlmt he was tlu- lM.Mm..f. 
 
 of I5il"l.. tii.i.-. All i1h' l'Vv|.(..|noi>|s uji.l fl.r .•xi.t-nitio,,.. 
 
 H<TCf tluit it i- til" olll SmUIHlnl IlilllJ^I'lt. 
 
 "MVi- MviiiK til.' inii.'^.iim. thr lU'Xt pliicr visili-.l wn,- tluit 
 «|,..,v .Mun..InH.|.h,iu.' tlw ii.n.nt .I.mis (vrr sai.l tn imv.. 
 ivsid.'.l uhil.' in K-vpt. On apiH-narliin-.' tli" ^-lU'iv.l Hj.'.t. Ur 
 rujuni-c muM.vn .1" his hca.l un.l -lou<l a f.-w iimmtcs m mI.-mI 
 „,,.litaTinn. Hr also paid a s.rnn.l vi,-it tu th- phir... . rantng 
 a ,lia.M-nt., tliMrnf. an.l ivtnrnr.l tn th-' h..tch wivir.-. 1 hay 
 .m. all I Nvanl tosvet-Mlav; 1 ^hall nut Irav the Iumim' a-H.n 
 ,„„il t.MHnnow." This, hnvv.-vrr, hr u as nut pcnnitt.Ml to.l... 
 \n Anaii.-an n.i-i.Muirv la.ly having .li..l in ( mro th.- day 
 p,rvi.ais. Dr/ralina..'.- was iv.pust.d to take part in lh.> \nm<- 
 nil .vninony, whirl, la- did with f. chn-s of tin- drr,H^t 
 svnipalhv tor tin- lifrravcd family, 
 ■ An early start wa^ made tin- nrxt niorinn^' tor 
 
 iiii I'vi;amiii> or <ii/.i.n, 
 
 which w<MV rt-achcd after a trip of ihrer hours, 'riajs. triphi 
 .nonunients ofanthiuity are siluaUd o„ the ed,u;e of the desert, 
 on th.. western side of the Nile. ..pp..Hte ( a.ro. heyom tlu 
 green vale of the rivr. They ar.. .-onstrneted ot hn^|e h o,.k. 
 of lin,esto„e. which were ori-inally covered with inarhh- hloeks 
 or slahs oi -ranite. The -roatest ot tlase is calle.l the 1 . ra- 
 ,nid of (Vops. after its ivpnted huilder. and is snpposed to 
 hav<. iK-en <-onstru.-te.l over 1,000 ycaiv hetore ( hr.s ; one 
 l„,„.lred thousand men are said to have heen 'I'lJ-'j^^VV^^': !:> 
 years ••onstrnctin- it. Its in.'l.ne l.e.^d.t, is /M. e..t. lu 
 W.. ..overs ov.-r V\ a.'res, hein-^ 7t»4 f....l s,,ua,v. 1 ..■ int.T or 
 contains various .-handK-rs, an.l is rea.die.l hy un incline pla e. 
 the entrance ..f which is a few f.'et ahov.' th.- ha.se. Ih.- -ait- 
 ,idc as..ent is .litH.-ult an.l .lanua-rous, the st.-ps l,.>in^r tn.n. two 
 t f..ur f.u-t in hei^dit. As Dr. Talma,., msist.-.l on .•Innhinf^ 
 to the top of thi^^reat Pvran.i.l, th.. whole .....npanv .r.n.Hl 
 hini andUne.1 tlu- snm.nit hy the ai.l of tw..lye . ragona-n 
 an.l tw.. in.vs. Th.- asc-ent was n.udo l"/w;M,ty nunu cs. Dr^ 
 Talmage havin- ..lanihere.l t.. the hiirh..st point, t.lt .dl the 
 ani.natl.)n ..f boyh....l r..turnin,yuul nus.n,^ h.s »>-'!. s and 
 shoutin.' at the top oi his voice, cnec , 'Hurrah for the 
 Imeric^n eagle:" ^The whole gn.up had their pl-tog-lj- 
 here taken, descended, parto..k ..t luiu.h, and pn.cet.led t.) see 
 
 w 
 
R<:v. Dr. T(di,ui(je.-< Trip to the Hohj Land. 
 
 M 
 
 Tine SPHINX. 
 
 Tiiii^ .-tuiK'jidoiis fi^rii,-,. stands a .-liort distance from ilu- 
 Pvniiiiids, and was the local deity of the E^^vptiaiis. It Is a 
 ponderous niou.ster, made of one solid rock, with the exception 
 of th(^ fori'paws. It consists of a hnii;e lion's body, and colos- 
 sal liunian head, with vast ])rojectin,ti- wig, great ears, lan^e 
 open eyes, immense clieeks, and projection oi" the lower pa'i't 
 of the fa<'e. Its length nf Ixxly is" computed at 172 feet; 
 h(-ight, 14;> feet; and extension of paws .")() teet. It is beyond 
 all doubt the liugest marvel of sculpture the world has "ever 
 8een, aiid the beholder can only stand trembling at his own 
 insignilieanee, and wonder wiuu a sense of august majesty it 
 must have ins|)ired in the woi-shijjper, " when on its head there 
 was the royal helmet of Eiiypt, on its chin the royal beard; 
 when the slone pavement by which men approach" the Pyra- 
 mids ran up between its j)a'ws; wh(;n immediately under its 
 breast an altar stood, from which the smoke went "up into the 
 gigantic nostrils of that nose, now vanishing from the face, 
 never to be conceived again." 
 
 Dr. Tabnage and parly, after viewing this stolid deity of 
 human inv(!ntion, n.'turned to their hotel', had a good night's 
 rest, and the following morning glided up the Nile in a diuntv 
 little steam(>r, arriving at Memphis by noon. 
 
 This place is ten miles from ('airo,"and contains the re-i.ains 
 of the palaces of the Pharaohs and other ancient ruins, and 
 verifies the ju-ediction that " Egypt shall be a desolation." 
 
 Here Dr. Talmage and party each mounted a donkey for 
 the first time in their life, amid nuich merriment and an'iuse- 
 uient to the natives who surrounded them, in order to take a 
 trip across the country. This journey was fraught with inci- 
 
 lents ot anuisement. One was the fre(juent vocal perfor- 
 nances of the donkey rode by Miss Talmage, which reminded 
 ler father of his experiences in a church choir in his juvenile 
 days. All who heard this nuisic adjudged it "loud enough, 
 but very discordant." Another was" the ludicrous figure Dr.' 
 Talmage cut on attempting to ride a camel durinir this trip. 
 Getting tired of his d(jnkey he decided to change him for a 
 ship of the de.sert, which he boarded at once, and was only 
 saved a catastrophe by the owner of the I>rute tickling its knees 
 to imluce an humble position so that the Doctor might dis- 
 mount. 
 
 Having seen the desolations of" Ham's land," a return was 
 made to Cairo, and after reviewing the bazars, streets, gardens, 
 
Rev. Dr. Talmar/e'ii Trip to the Holy Lmid. 
 
 9 
 
 and oth(>r altnictioiih dt' tliis iiin)urtant city, Dr. Talniagc and 
 party tDok their exodus I'or I'ale.-tiiie. Proeeedin^^ l»y rail 
 and canal to Port Said, a steamer was tlienee taken tor 
 
 .lOPl'A. 
 
 and one month after leaving New York the renowned Brook- 
 lyn divine had his foot lirndy planted on the II(dy Land, 
 notwithstandiiiir his t'orehoding apprehension which he re- 
 cords as follows: "The only part of my recent journey that 
 I really dreaded, although I did not say imich ahout it Itefore- 
 hand, was tiie landing at .]oj)pa. Tliat is tlu' port of entrance 
 for the Holy Land, and there are many rocks, and in rough 
 weather peojile cannot land at all. 'riie Itoats taking the 
 people from the steamer to the docks -nust run hetween reefs 
 that looked to me to lie ahout hfty feet apart, and one mis- 
 Btroke of an oarsman or an unex])ected wave has sometimes 
 been fatal, and hundreds have perished along those reefs. 
 Besides that, as we left Port 8aid the evening before, an old 
 traveller said: 'The wind is just right to give you a rough 
 landing at Joppa ; indeed, 1 tiiink you will not be able to 
 land at all.' The fact was that wiicn our >b'(lit,erranean 
 steamer dropped anchor near Joppa, and wc put out for shore 
 in the small boat, the water was as still as though it liad been 
 sound asleep a hundred years, and we landeil as easily as I 
 came on this phitfbrm." 
 
 During this t)-iji from Port Said, Dr. Talmage became 
 intensely excited, and describes it thus: "Never was I m 
 im{)atieiit for a night to pass. 1 pulled asi<le the curtain from 
 tlie port-hole of my state-room, so that the tirst t of dawn 
 would waken me ;" but it was a useless precaution. Sleep Wius 
 among the impossibilities. * * * Will the night never be 
 gone I Yes, it is growing lighter, and along tln' horizon then; 
 is .something like a bank of clouds, and as a watchman paces 
 the deck I say to him, " What is that out yonder':'" "That 
 is land, sir," said the sailor. " The land I " I cried, and soon 
 all our friends were aroused from slecj), and the shore began 
 more clearly to reveal itself. With roar and rattle and bang 
 the anchor dropped in the roadstead a baP' mile from land. 
 * * * As we descended the narrow steps at the side of 
 the ship we heard the chuiior and (piarrel and swearing of 
 tifteen or sixteen dit!t>rent races of men of all features and 
 coloi-s, and all vernaculars, all different in appearance, but 
 all alike in design to get our baggage and our.^elv<'.s at exhor- 
 bitunt prices. Twenty boats, and mAy teii jia.-nenger- to go 
 
 # 
 
10 
 
 lii'v. Dr. Tulnuuje's Trip to Ihr. Holy Land. 
 
 ashore. 'Plic iiiaii liuviri"!; clmr^fo of us puslim aside some, 
 and strikes with heavy sti<;ks oth(!rs, and by vioh'rice which' 
 woiihl not l)e tolerated in our country, hut whic-h seem to l)f! 
 the only manner of makinii any impression tliero, eh'ui-s our 
 way int(» one ot the boats, wiiieh heads for shore. 
 
 Wo are within fifteen minutes of the Christ land. Now w«.i 
 liear shoutincr from the heaeh, and in five minutes will he 
 landed. The prow of the lioiit is eauuht by men who wade 
 out to lielp us in. \V(! are tremulous with supprftwed excite- 
 ment. Our breath is (piiek, and from the side of the boat we 
 sprintr to the shore, and Sunday mi.rnin;,'. Dee. 1, 188!), about 
 ei<rht o'clock, oui- feet touch Palestine." 
 
 As Dr. Talmajre set foot on land he .<aid, " Thank ( Jod, w(> 
 are here safe at last :" and after enterinir his name oi; the 
 hotel register, he wrote, " We last night uuide our exodus from 
 Egypt and this morning entered the Promised Land. We 
 catne through dry shod. May our entrance of the heavenly 
 Canaan be as placid and glorious a di.send)arkation." "A 
 feast of fat things" was soon prepared at th(> hotel, and after 
 regaling on the "corn of the land" the renowni'd preacher 
 started out to investigate, and soon found the reputed house 
 once occupied by "Simon, a tanner." Mounting the roof of 
 this old mansion, with Jiible in hand. Dr. Talmage read and 
 expounded the graphic story of Peter and Cornelius, recorded 
 Act,s 10. From this emiiH>nce he beheld the benches where 
 Ilirani landed his rafts for Solomon's Temple, and Jonah em- 
 barked for Tarshish. The maroon .sands where Napoleon 
 miu^.sacred 4,000 |>risoners of war loomed up before his imagi- 
 nation. Even the oKI well where Peter (juenehed his thirst, 
 and the dwelling where Tubitha was restored to life were seen 
 by Dr. Tahnage. 
 
 During the day Dr. Talmage di.scoui-sed on " The birthj)lace 
 of Sewing Societies," organized by Dorcius two thousand yeanj 
 ago, ami saw some .strange sights in this old city. His record 
 of the place is ; 
 
 " On the back of hills one hundred and fifty feet high Joppa 
 is lifted toward the skit's. It is as picture.i(jue as it is (juaint, 
 and as nuich unlike any city we have overseen as though it 
 were built in that star "Mars. =i= * * But my first day in 
 the Holy land is ended. Tlie sun is already cl()sing his eye 
 for the night. I stand on the balcony of a' hotel, which was 
 brougdit to Joppa in pi(U'os from the state of Maine by some 
 fanatics, who came here expecting to see Christ reapjKjar iu 
 P'llestine. My mom here was onco occupied by that Christian 
 
Rev. I>r. Ti(imafjr'.i Tn'p lo ffii Ifolii Land. 
 
 11 
 
 hero of the ('ciiturics — Kiij^Iish, CliiMcsc, l^irvptimi, world-wide 
 Cion. (iordoii, ii niiin miiility for Clod as well as for tli- world's 
 pacification. Altlioujrli ttic first of D('coiid)er. and winter, the 
 air is fnll of fraL'^rance from ira'-dciis all abloom, and nnder 
 my window are ucaeia and tMnulri^k and nnilherrv and century 
 plants and oranL^e irrovf.- and oleander. From the drowsi- 
 ness of the air and the fatiunies of the day I feel sleepy. Go<)d 
 nijxhtl To-morrow niorninir we start '"»r Jerusalem." 
 
 ICarly the next nmrnini; the as ■( .. ,o Mount Zion beiijun 
 under the leadership of David Jan: . i Xazarine draLToman 
 who had served in the same ea])acity. Dean Stanlev, I'rinceof 
 Wales, and other di.<tiniruishe(l persons in their visit to l*ale.«*- 
 tine. The t:i'iieral ascent of the road taken from Joppa t4) 
 Jeru.-ialem. a distance of 41 miles, average about 70 feet to the 
 mile, and in its vicinity there are several places of undying 
 interest to the Bible reader. Dr. Talmaire says of this route: 
 " As to-day will be our last opportunity in Palestine for taking 
 the wheel we choose that. The hoives, with harness tasselled 
 and iinL;linL^ are hitched, and, with a drairoman with a coat of 
 many colors .>^eated in front, we start on a road which unveils 
 in twelve; houiv enouu'h to think of for all time and all eternity. 
 
 We start out of the city amid barricades of cactus on either 
 side, not cacti in boxes two or thn-e feet high, but caetu.s 
 higher than the top of the carriage. We pas.s out amid about 
 four hundred gardens, seven or eight acres to the garden, from 
 which at tin- right seasons are plucked oranges, lemons, fig8, 
 olives, citron and j)omegranales, and which hold up their cen- 
 sers of perfume before the Lord in perpetual jiraise. We meet 
 great processions of camels loaded with kegs of oil and with 
 fruits, and some wealthv ^Folianime<lan with four wives — thref- 
 too many. Here wi' meet people with faces and arms and 
 hands tattooed. 
 
 On the way across the [ilains of Sharon, we meet many 
 veiled women. But hero come the crowds of disfigured women 
 down the road on their way to Joppa, bundles of sticks for tire- 
 wood on their heads. They started at three o'clock in the 
 morning to get the fuel. Ttu-y stagger under the burdeiiH. 
 Whipped and beaten will sonu; of them be if their l>undle of 
 sticks is too small. All that is retpiired for divorcement in 
 for tt num to say to his wife, " Be off, I don't want you any 
 more." Woman a slave in all lands, except those in which 
 the gospel of Christ nuikes her a (pieen. And yet in ('hristitui 
 countries there are women posing sis skeptics, and men with 
 family deriding the only religion ttiut inakrs sacred and hon- 
 orable the names of w ife, mother, daughter and sister." 
 
 ii 
 
.r(=i 
 
 12 Rev. Dr. Tnhnwie'.'i Trip to the Holy Lund, 
 
 ^ Nine miles from Joppa. in :i fertile vallev, is situated the 
 Kamu of K])liria!ii, said to l)e the New Testament Arimathea, 
 where Joseph, who hnried the hody of Christ, resided. Dr! 
 Tulmage and company hud hreakfa.s"t iiere. A Latin convent 
 founded hy Philip the (Joed, Duke of JiiirL'undv. Armenia 
 and (Ireek convents an<l two 'I'lirkish mos(]uesare liere located. 
 The most cotisj.icnous feature of the place is a tower risintr 
 one hundred and twenty feet from tlu; Ujidst of an olive plan- 
 tation. If Dr. 'ialma-ic had had time he shoidd have climhed 
 awindinj-' staircase leading to its summit and feasted his eyes 
 with the sight of the country of the ancient Philistines down 
 by the sea. 
 
 A i'vw miles further Jcnisalemward the caravan drove 
 through the valley of Ajalon diid entered the mountain 
 scenery of 
 
 " .■•':i'; iiiLi. corNTKY of .hdka." 
 
 This !>■■ oil" of the most rugged placets in Palestine. Some 
 of tlie hills here ari.se in towering grandeur to the height 
 of over one thousand feet, and many of them are of a 
 round and handsome .shape, meeting at the base and 
 .separated at the to|)s, like two halls placed in juxta- 
 position. Among the.se monntaiii delih's the traveller is 
 compelled to wind hi.s way up hill and down dale, as the 
 cjise may be. -id sometimes tinds the path rather uncomfort- 
 able, owing to the presence of large sharp stones over which 
 he is liable to stumble. No dtiubt this was the training- 
 ground of David's (Jadites icfi-rivd to in 1 Chron. .\ii. H, who 
 " were as swift as roes upon the mountains." It is also not 
 improbalde that Asahcl, Joab's brother, ac<|uired the agilitv 
 of a wild roe traversing rhi'se craggv paths. Amid these old 
 grey hills anil dcll.s, Judah "crouched as a lion," and felt 
 undisturbed throughout the troubled period of the Judges 
 from Othniel to Samson. David also hid himsc If in soiiieof 
 their caverns when Ihieing fiom the enemv like partridges 
 upon thes(> mountains. Altogether, it is well" called " the hill 
 ^•ountry," and is a romantic place. Solomon, in his ".song of 
 songs," referring to this region, exclaims: "Turn, my beloved, 
 and be thou like a roe or a vount; hart upon the mountains of 
 Bether." • i 
 
 Within the fastness of these mountain dells one of the 
 niost r(>markable and de<Msive battles on record was fought 
 between Israel's host and tiie confcilerated Amorites. During 
 this mortal conflict the sun stood still upon (tibeon, and the 
 moon in the valley of Ajalon, at the desire of Joshua, "until 
 
Rev. Dr. ralmof/ea Trip to the Holy Land. 
 
 13 
 
 the peoplo had aven^red theiiKsolvcs upon their eiu'niies." It 
 is recorded "there was no day like that before it or after it." 
 
 The name of this ^n-eat shinphter is known as "Tiie Battle 
 of Beth-horon or GiWon." The day previous to the contlict 
 the Anioriths had l)esieged one of the royal eities of Canaan 
 called Gil)eon, situated four miles north of Jenisaleni and 
 fifteen miles west of Gil.L^ai, and wliose inhaiiitants had made 
 a peaceJul league with doshua l>y a curious stratagem, and 
 claimed his protection from their incenst'd neighbours' hent on 
 vengeance. 
 
 Joshua, ht the rcijuest of these Giheonites, ascejided up the 
 glens from Gilgal during {\u- night, "he and all the people of 
 war with him," coming suddenly upon the assend)led hosts 
 of the Armonites, routing thein and chasing them north- 
 westward through upper and lower Beth-hon.n, and down 
 toward the south, through the steep j)asses of this mountain 
 region during a dreadful hail-storm, until they were consumed. 
 This great battle was completed by the entire con(juest of the 
 whole southern half of l'alestin(\ from Kadesh-l)arnea to Gaza, 
 the eastern and western linuts of the southern fidutier. 
 
 Coming up through this "hill country," Dr. Talmage's 
 guide pointeil to Gibeon in the distance. lie also pointi'd7)ut 
 the brook Elah, where David slew the giant. Arriving at this 
 place no earthly power could keej) Dr. Talmage in the car- 
 riage, and dismounting, he descetided to the brook and picked 
 up a number of pebbles to add to his curiosities, such a« 
 David selected three thousand yeaiv i)efore. Here the great 
 divine became cajjtivated, and had a retrospective view of the 
 renowned cond)at between David and Goliath. He says : 
 
 "There is a bridge spanning the ravine, but at the .<eas(m 
 we crossed there is not a drop of water in the brook. We 
 went down into the ravine and walked amid the p<'bbles that 
 had been washed smooth, very smooth, bv the rush of the 
 waters through all the ages. There is where David armed 
 himself. He walked around and ])icked up five of the.se 
 p<)lislicd jK'bbles. The topogniphy of the jilace so corresponds 
 with the Bible story that I could 'see the memorable fight go 
 on. It is the only fight i ever did watch. Here are two 
 ridges of mountains r)()0 feet high, the Philistines on one ridge, 
 the Israelites on the other ridge. The fight is in the valley 
 between. David, the champion of the Israelites. Goliath, the 
 chami)ion of the Philistines ; David undersized and almost 
 etieminate, only a mouthful for Goliath, who was nearly ten 
 feet hiirh. 
 
14 
 
 l{pv. Dr. Tahnagt» Trip tv (he llolij Land. 
 
 "Tlii'V iKlvaiicrd lo nioet nich other, Ixit tlic IJihlc .says that 
 David \\nn\v tlir lii>it Htcp i'orwani. Ncaror and ucaror thcv 
 come. (Jl()f*er and (^hwcr they conn;, hut David advaneet* the 
 0iort' rapidly. 'Conic to nic," Miid the ^nant, ' and I will j.dve 
 thy ih'shunto tlic fowl.s of the air and to the hciusts of the 
 field, (^oinc to nic, you lonteiuptibU' littlo follow, and I ^,vill 
 make .|uick W(irk with you. \a-\ the two armies looking' 
 down from tiie ridges watch nu;.' David responded, ' I come 
 U^ thee in the mime of the Lord ot Hosts.' 
 
 " How that cry rin;;s thn.iigh the \Vadves-.<umi)t ! He who 
 %hLs^ in that spirit wins the day. The. almost Israelitish 
 dwarf enlarges into onuiipoteiit proportions. The moment to 
 strike has eoim . David takes his slini;, with a stone in it, and 
 whirls it round^ and round his head until he has put the 
 weapon into sufiieient momentum, and then, takinj: sure aim, 
 hurlri it.^ The i^iant throws up his hands and reels Imek and 
 falls.^ The stone sank into his forehead, and the j^round shook 
 as thi.s great oak of a military ehieftain struek it. liuzza for 
 David." 
 
 Ai)ove this brook, at the foot of a hill, is the village which 
 iri pointed out as the l)irthp]a<'e of John the lia])ti.st, where the 
 Mother of (^ur Lord spent three months with Iier coiisiu 
 Elizahelh, and composed that ever-memorahle triumphant 
 Bong recorded by Luke. Dr. Talmage was here elated, having 
 procured nuicli new material for his "Life of Christ," and 
 after resting a short time under " the shadow of a great rock 
 in a weary land," resumed his ride for the la.st stage of his 
 pilgrimage to the Holy city, which he describes thu.sT 
 
 " We are climbin|,^ the hills which are terraced with olive 
 groves, uplands rising above uplands, until we come to an 
 immensity of ban'' imcss, gray rocks above grav rocks, where 
 neither tree, no' leaf, nor bush, nor grass blade can grow. 
 The liorses stumble, and slip and pull, till it seems the 
 harness must l)reak. Solemnity and awe take pos.session of 
 U8. Another shoulder of the hill we go, and nothing in sight 
 but rocks and mountains, and awful gulches between them, 
 which make the head .swim if you look down. On and up,' 
 on ai: > until the lathered and smoking horses are reined 
 in, aim dragoman rises in front and points eastward, cry- 
 ing, " Jerusaleni ! " It was mightier than an electric .shock. 
 We all ro.se. There it lay, the prize of nations, the terminus 
 of fa nunus pilgrimages. O Jeru;alem ! Jerusalem! Greatest 
 city on earth, and ty[)e of the city celestial ! " A.s the grey 
 walls and domes of 
 
Rtv. Dr. Tahnmjes Trip to Dip IMy ImihI 
 
 15 
 
 JKUL'HALEM 
 
 began to rise before Dr Talniage his heart beat fa.-<ter and 
 faster, and with all the solemnity and enthusiasm of his 
 nature, he and his "tribe " pa.ssed tluouirh Jaffa pite as the 
 last rays of the setting sun cast their gilding inlluenee over 
 the illustrious seene. 
 
 Dr. Talniage having gained the object of his ambition, by 
 standing in the " City of the Great King," informs the world 
 that before his arrival he could not sleep, being "as exeited 
 as a boy, for it was the realization of a life-dream." Here 
 the great preacher felt that to tread the very soil which was 
 trodden by the feet of the Incarnate Son of God ; to look 
 upon the very rocks and plains upon wliieli He looked in life, 
 and to stand upon the very spot where He agonized in dying 
 upon the Croijs that man might live eternally, was one of the 
 most precious privileges a Christian could ciij<.v in this world. 
 At the earliest possible date after arrival. Dr. Talniage visited 
 all the chief places of sacred interest to the Christian in the 
 vicinity of the Holy City, with the nuM profound veneration, 
 the Mount of Olives, (iardcn of Gctliscmaiic, Holy Sepulchre, 
 and site of the ('rucifixion esjiecially awakening in his bosom 
 thrilling memories of momentous as.-jociations connected with 
 the.se localities. Tin; first places visited on the moniiiig after 
 arrival were Golgotha and the tomb of Jesus, wliich are 
 clo.sely connected. These places are both easily recognized 
 by the Scripture narratives. John tells us that "in the place 
 where He was crucified there was a garden, and in the garden 
 a new Sepulchre," and there is a garden here. The same 
 Apostle also records that on the morning of the resurrection 
 Mary mistook Christ for the gardener. The rubbish about 
 this tomb was removed three years ago, and as it is the only 
 tomb in or near Jerusalem, to enter which it is necessary to 
 stoop, and harmcnizes in other respects with the sacred record, 
 Dr. Talniage felt convinced that it is the real jilace where the 
 body of Jesus was laid, and -^tittes : " about four steps we went 
 down into this which seems a family tomb. There is room in 
 it for about five bodies. We measured it and found it about 
 eight feet high and nine feet wide, and fourteen feet long." 
 Itegarding Golgotha, the great preacher says : " I have ascend- 
 ed Mount Calvary, and now I know why it is called the Place 
 of the Skull. To me it is a wonder that there was ever a 
 dispute as to the indentity of the place. Looking at the peak 
 from a distance, it exactly resembles the human cranium, with 
 
16 
 
 Hev. Dr. Tulm<njt-\i Trip to the Holy Land. 
 
 the two sightless sockets under its brow. 1 went up to the 
 placcH where the throe crosses stood. I have no dcuht of their 
 precise lociition. There is just room enough for three men to 
 <lie. I stood on the site of the centre rrosa, where it certainly 
 must have stood, and taking out my Bible I rend to the 
 friends jirounil me the story of thr Crucifixion. I n.uld not 
 finish it; Jiiy feelings overcame me and [ Itroke down. As I 
 stood looking down the slope of Calvary I saw a reddish rock 
 below mt^ I rolled it down the hill with my own hands, and 
 had it carried on the backs of <-jimels to dop'pa, where it wa.-* 
 put on shipboard, and it is now on its way to Brooklyn. 'I'hat 
 stone is to lie the corner stone in the new taliernacle I am 
 building to replace the one recently destroyed by fire." 
 
 Art Dr. Talmagc stood on Calvary he grasjx'd "an idea 
 which prompted bim to speedily remount his donkey and ride 
 back to .Icrusalcm. His errand was to j)urclia.M', if possible, 
 the piece of ground containing the scene of the crucifixion 
 and burial of Jesus." But this mission was unavailing, a.s no 
 amount of money could purchase it. "Had he succeeded in 
 his plan, he would have made over the property to the Chris- 
 tian Church at large." 
 
 The following day, after visiting Calvary and other impor- 
 tant places in the Holy City, a journey wa.^ taken to 
 
 UKTHI-KIIKM, 
 
 whicli is situated four and a half miles south of Jerusalem, 
 on the cre.st of a gray limestone ridge, shaped like a horse- 
 shoe, and commanding the expanse of a deep and wide valley, 
 known as the j)lains of P>ethleheiu, where the heavenly vision 
 announced to the tremblii"!: shepherds the " good tidings of 
 the Saviour's birth." Next to Jeru.<alem. Picthlehem is the 
 most interesting town in Palestine to the Christian traveller. 
 Although now a small village of about 2,000 inhabitant.s, and 
 the whole scene more rough and rude than can be imagined, 
 it was once a royal city, and far from being " the least among 
 the princes <.f Juda." In the vicinity of this city Ruth 
 gleaned in the field of Jioaz, and afterwards became the 
 mother of the royal line of David, of whom (he Saviour was 
 born. 
 
 A spacious building called the Churi'h of the Nativity 
 marks the place of the Saviour's birth, ami is occupied by 
 Greek, Arnu'idan, and Latin monks. The grotto where 
 Chri.>^t was born is in the basement of thi.s building, and is 
 reached by a mirrow slairuay. The walls of this cavern and 
 
17 
 
 l:iiii|i-, iicinlanl 
 
 /.'"■. Ih. 'I\ih,„„i,'. Trip In th, II. ,1,1 l.,unl. 
 
 its ,H.|,.s arc ui!irl.l<. |i i, i!lii„,in.|,,,,( l,v Immm,- 
 '•""' ill- -ilih^-. In on,, purtinn ofihis ai.urlMi.nr l^ n'hv^u 
 
 "■'",""'" 'V'" ••'"="■• 'l-l";Hr,| tM ,ln. wiM. .n.nof'tl,, ,,-, 
 ''!"''' ll"- Inntuf ',isa .tar of inarMr. i< .ai.l („ I.,, innn,.- 
 .Iiiitcly iirulcr tli. . :|,ii uf the lu-nwiis i„ uhiHi ll 
 
 H( tlilclii'Di -fn(.(i -laiiuiiaiv 
 
 '' iiiail< Mill il 
 
 li' .-laf ot 
 'irllijilar, of 
 
 ( lin.t. I lir wl„,iy pla... i- ivILnnioly prui.vtc.l. atui l.( to.- I he 
 Muuijr_rr';i„n.n>,..Harin,- lamp, niv kept miistantlv allan.,. " 
 Onvu.u,n;;llnspia.v Dr.Talinan, sai.l: "TiH.^aN. thnu,.!, 
 winch Our LonI ,.„Imv,| tin. „,„•!, I \^;.. a -at.' of n-k -a 
 I'i'nI. rol.l -atc-aii.l t\v -ate tl,nM|.,|i whirji |,.. .|..|,,,.,.,| 
 na> a swiiin -a''' nl' >liarp(ii((l .-prarv" 
 
 Aft.T s.riii- n.llih.lMin a.i.l it- Mian-c n^ht.. a ivlan. aa« 
 'na.lctoJ..nisil.Mi.. v.licv son,' ti.,,,. wa^ ,p,,it vi.wln.. ami 
 rrvicwiiiu 
 
 rill iioi.'i- i-vi\. 
 
 Till' wliMJ,. hi^iorv of .liriisil 
 
 I'r. Talinaui' in i\rloraiiia as 1 
 
 I'll! -I'liii- to prociii ii-clt' i( 
 
 . ■"' ■•"I'W'd It iVoiii a hoii-. loi) 
 
 lis hi-tory IS il roiiiarkalilc one. \o otii.r ph ha^ •■.,. mk'i, 
 
 il rcconl. It lias socn tli.> hri-htcst and ,lark(-t ,lav^ " Kvrrv 
 l':"1ir r n* Its <l,„t lia> its fnic to iinfoM, ami flinv i; ..vi.l.ntlV 
 sonictliinn ahoiil it that has n.-vr vn h.-n n v.al.,1 h", 
 |iiliiic i> a ..il.j.ct of (li-,-,Hsioii. an.l "its oii-iii \- oi:-liioii,|,.(| 
 Ml nnvt.rv, ji, liailow,.,! a-o.aation^ houcwr. aiv l„von.l 
 iill <'''iitn.vci>v, ami tlir namr •• .I.iii.al. m" i> rv.r ,|,.ar i,, 
 Uw ('lin-tian. 1m in- M„,,„yiimii.- u it], tlioCliun-h of(,o,l and 
 ;•" >nil'h m nf His ctornal ah.Hlo. To tlio .Im. .Icnisilcm iv 
 tli(' most sa<Mv,l spot on earth. Althnn.;], ii ha^ hiMMi pilia-ni 
 ami (Icstroyrd many times, and million.- ,,f hi> race heen 
 slaughter, d within it> wall., vet iioiliinM- ,,,,, ,„vvenl him 
 trom tiinmi- hi- thoughts Zionward, and .h>irin..' that hi- 
 dust may rcpa<e in .leho.-haphat'- \ ale. iinderthe shadow of 
 the icmplc Fliil. d.rusalcm has also a fascination for all 
 people, am! as the citv hursts ui.oii the view of ih<. ea-^er pil- 
 grim for tin. lirst time, there is "u glnomv -randeiir alMuii th(> 
 scc,ne that language eaniiot paint." 
 
 The site of this renowned citv is worthv of admiration 
 la Its palmy days it was most beautilul. '-the j,)v (.f tlu^ whoh' 
 earth. ' Its location is the brow of a rockv plateau runnin- 
 north ami south between the Mwliterranelui 8eti and IfiveT 
 J(u-( an Its elevation is 2,o50 leet above the fbrmer and 
 •},«()() above the latter at its junction with the Dead Jjea. It 
 H tl.e best natural fortress known to man. " It is uuiiaie. 
 
IS 
 
 //' '■. I Ir. T'ifiini'fi's Till, 1,1 III, llohj l.diitl. 
 
 Tlicrc i.- iintliiii;^ like Ji in ih,. wdilil." li i,- smrdimdcd ui\ 
 all >i(lcs, ('.\c(|ii ilii iimtii-wol, witli ilrcp liivincs called 
 valleys, iHviiiid uliieli >mrciiiiiiliiiL: liill> are luraled called by 
 the IValiiii-t iiKHiiitaiii^ "round ahniit dc'iMi.-alcin." 'I'liese 
 ravines anil nei,Ldil)nun"nu^ liill> I'orni tlie uM'cat pliv.-ieal harritTs 
 and Itoniidaries of denisalern. The ravines ent'irelv cut it ^^\\ 
 i'mni the siirronndin;^ lahle himl, inakini; il a cilv ' '■i)iii|,;icilv 
 laiilt tiinciher. ■ lioidr.- ihcM' natural iiarriei'-, ihe city is 
 entirely snrrdiinihd li\ a liattlenienii .1 wall <>r the -troiijicsi 
 inasnniy. cumpleiiiej' it- " liulwark-." 'i'lii- wall has five 
 j;utes (it' cntranie to the city, which ai'e dc,-iMii;i(,.,| l,y j^ 
 variety nf name-. Alter viewing thi.- >tri>n;:h(ild. and 
 ine<litaiini: nn it- pa-t hi-tnry. Dr. 'ralniaij-e exclainis that 
 to him " the city and il< -urriMiiidiie_r.- ;ire a ra|'tnre, a xdeni- 
 nity, an oveiu iielnnn^ • nioii< n." X'ieuin;^ Jeni.-aleni 
 from the Mount ol Olives, the city ;i|.)(ears "like a vast 
 ami hiauliful eiiil>n>,-cd pi'tni'e." The Moiml of Olive.- i.s 
 east of the eiiy, divided Iroui it hy the Kidion. or N'mIIcv ot" 
 .Jeho-ha|)!iat. I'.etween this \alley ami the ha-eol'the niuuiit 
 i.s the ( iarden ot( ietli>eniaiie. On the west and south is the 
 Valley of liinnoin, which unites with dehosha|ihat a short 
 <li.-taiiee iielow the city on the wc.-t >ide, and thence passes in 
 a south-i'aMwardl\ direction to the I>ead Sea. A third valley 
 called the Tyropean, nitis north and Miiith heiwceii these Iwu 
 valleys, dividing the <'ity into two parts, kn(»wn as "Mount, 
 Zioii," and "Mount Moriah." The 'lyropean opens into the 
 X'alley of llinnoni iiiiinediately ahove its junction with 
 deho.-haphat. All these valleys coinuience in gentle depres- 
 sion in the level land iioith of the city, but descend rapidly 
 until they heconu deep and narrow ravines. At their coiiilu- 
 ence their bed is r)7() fed lowfr than tlu! ^iiininit of the city. 
 The .Mount Zioii portion is the lar'ier, and lies to the west, and 
 Moriah to the east. The former is 12.") i'eet hin;her than tlie 
 latter and was called "The Tjiper City," where iJavid's strong- 
 liold was built. It \va.« lierc tlu; last tragic act was completed 
 by Titus, in the destruction ot' Jerusalem, after a siege of 1.'54 
 days, when "Tlie eagles Hew victorious to the summit of the 
 citadel, while Jewish blood ran so dee[) down Zii>n that burn- 
 ing houses were ijueiiclied in the red stream!" 
 
 Mount jNloriah was the place where Solomon's temple was 
 built, the site of which is now occupied by the Mosque of 
 Omar. The bare side of tlii.s mount rises precipitously about 
 200 leet from the valley of the Kidron.and presents a formid- 
 able barrier to the adversary. An Armenian convent is located 
 
Itv.v. Dr. T<tf,ini>/r\i TrI,. h, tlu H,>'>i /.o„.l p.l 
 
 Oh Mnmit Zini) It .uMlMins. l,..H,|,.s a..n,nmu.laliun f.-r tlio 
 ni.mks who .hvcll tlicrcii,, l.uuo rluiinl,, i> for tlu- iim- of pi|. 
 gnm>. M,.n.it Calvary, or (io|;;ot ha, is a n.ckv iiioiii,.!. ah'mt 
 '... t.ct ii,Ji.a,<.hoit .li>laiir,.oi,t-Ml.. the uallsof Ihi'citv lo 
 I '•• '""•llM'iiM. Ii i. na.l.r.l hv th- I)Mi..i!>r(i-'af, am"! h 
 '•l<»r lo llic ;:_rcat thoroii^'hliirr hii'liti- todalih'c. 
 
 Ill Ilif vicinity of J.rii>ahiii thtrc arc no fewer than 1(1 
 paces poii.tc.l oil, to the visitor a.< sacre.l, aino„..r which is the 
 '■'""■'■'' "' '''" ""l.v Sepulchre, >ini;it(. I in the >nnth.ea<f, 
 <'<"-iier ol the eity on the >tonv iiill known as Aera. 'I'hc 
 
 sepdjehre o(|cupie> i p.,>ili,„l (lirVrllv I.eneath the dome of the 
 l)iiii(iiri;,r. ||„, viMor to tlii> >liiine i.. !i..Min<! that the struc- 
 (lire n.,t only e,,vei> the >ite of Calvarv and the totnl.s of 
 .Jcseph and Nieodeiniis, hnl al>o the place wh.Te the Saviour 
 appiared to Mary .Ma-dalene and his mother after the resur- 
 rection, where Con-tantineV mother fonnd the true cross and 
 mimerons other important i.hieo. II, .,v 1 ),-. Talmajrc's 'faith 
 Ix'-an to waver, as he could not l.ejieve ihm Christ wa.- cruci- 
 fied in.-ide the wall- of derusilem in mk h a place a.s this, and 
 niter salnfyinn' him-ell' amnnd the eiiv, Marled in re;riilar 
 ca,ravan order {'own the road leadinii- 
 
 iKoM .ii;i:isAi.i:,M lo .ii'im no. 
 
 The distance lutueen these place- is |:, ,i,ih..., ^^UU .^ ,|,,.line 
 <,'rade to dericho of ahoiil :!.()()(i fe.et ; and the way is mem- 
 oraMe for its ^ror^r,.s^ ravines, and dark eaves, which arc 
 -till mle.-led by rol)l/ers. 
 
 riie members constitiitinir the camp were the live tourists 
 of Talina,i:e'.s i)arty, one draLcoman or ^niide, one .sheik, a> pro- 
 tector a<,aunst liedoiiin inarautiers; a cook, two waiti'fs, and 
 seven miih-teers, a Nubian iie^xro to carry the .sheik's double 
 barreled gun. Of animals there were eiglit horses, nine mules, 
 and five donkeys, niakiiiL' in all twenty-two animals and 
 eighteen per.sons. Jiesides the personal bajrtiage of the tfuiri.sts 
 tliere were in the camp a complete outfit of b'edd in-,', five tables, 
 a dozen Turkish rug.s, stove and cooking utensils, an elaborate 
 table .service, toilet requirements, kitchen tent, .saloon tent, 
 three sleeping tents, and two smaller tents, provisions, and 
 other re(iuisites to comfort. 
 
 ^ Cro.ssing the valley of delvoshaphat, close by the garden of 
 Gethsemane, and travelling ea.-tward from Jeru.salem, a few 
 hour-s brought the caravan to the old " Inn " where the" good 
 Samaritan " cared for the wounded man. Tliis place is" the 
 
 snnie it ^>'!<i 9 0(10 »-/>.>i.j ..<ro \ ft^n- lim-.l- ;.■ - ! « il 
 
 -a.ii^ iL ...I.. _ _.. — ,!go. Aitei lUnehiiig iiure the camp 
 
•JO 
 
 /.'" . />/. T'l/iif'i'/' 1,1/, h, l/i, 1 1, J, I l,,,,nl. 
 
 iiiovimI nil |.u>t llic |{|ni,k < In lit li. w lit iv i'.lijiili \\!i> |;.,1 |,\ 
 nivi 11-, Mrrivini: by ni-liiliill m ih.' iiiiii. nf iiiici.nt .Icrirliu 
 III IV llir riiiiip uii> |iit('||.(| t'ur llir iiiLrlil, At'hr (liiiiirr u 
 liniilirc \\:i.- kiiidlcil, afxiiini wjiifji (he luini-t!* axi-cmldiil i,, 
 IvlKiilVctilc ?<c(iii< (.llh,. ,|.|y. Ill diK' lii,,,. Dr. 'riilliii|ni'iili(l 
 
 |»!uiy ifllrcd to tlnir icni,^. WliiNt ilic hmiiMs mv iv|)(..iii;Lr. 
 
 :i I-'"'"''! "'' '"I'll uitli M-„||s, |,ij.(,,|.^, |„,ui( kiiivi-, aiiTi 
 
 \>^^\^ I ' " ' v( r uriniml llic riuii|i in imitiTt 
 
 '* ''■' " .[m-Iiii!! rviilnilly r(^i- im |l,i< 
 
 1 ^ ! »iiI>Im ! ; .lual (!r«'o!juinii aiv all 
 
 '''•"' ' ' '"" 'If. ' i: J .)ii, ■itiH'«s. 
 
 •'•'*•'>■ '•" MMinifS r|l I,, l|„. |),;„| 
 
 I'.v the uay, Moiiiii N, i , an,]' jl,, ,1,,,, ,„,,,,, 
 
 , ''•■■(•li.'ii^ \v( ir |iMiiiic.| uiu. ra-.|ii- ., Mlla-v, Dr 
 
 I ' in V was iniit'.: ''V a iiiiinlirr nf •> iit|,.|iicii win. 
 
 '^ '' ' ■ : . ih- I, III. I ( )uf iiC thoc \\a- a 
 
 >'"" 'in i"iii Maiiliaiian. Js.i -as, iiaiiinl I'lyvils 
 
 <>''iii" il will. Iia'l (iftcM lii'iird ])i 'raliiuit,'c prcadi, 
 
 ami l.cdi ^mitly Imi;. iin.d ili,i, hy. Tliis jrciFciiian .x' 
 [iroMil a ;-iiicciv (|i>in n, h. Iiapti/nl l.y iiiiiiinsinii in ih,. 
 .Ionian hy I )r. 'raliiia;ui'. lli-dcMi-c \\a-Cniii|.li( ,| wiili, uinl 
 tlircc o'cldck was apiKiiiilcd i;.i- ihc (•( iviii(,iiv lu laki phuv. 
 .Mcaiitiiiw, the wlinic |iaiiy inucccdi .1 In the' Dead S.a, and 
 
 • Ml ivacliiiiu il~ -Imio I )i/ Talii.a!.:c k mil ld> Hihir and 
 
 rt'ail ilii'>!nr\ nf ihc nvcnlirnu .f "ilK^ ciii,^ ,,]' ill,, iilaiii," 
 whose witIcIm'.I ruins ihi, ..xpan-ivr lake liidi,- iiniii litiman 
 view. Dr. ■raliiiaiiv lasted the uatri- nfilns lake, iuid rmmd 
 it anythiiii:' l.iit jiaiatahle. ileal-n ,,,ll,.c|ed t'lnm In heaeli 
 many pehhles of \ ariolis colnr ami -liape. and disenyend thai 
 
 an ahinidaiicc of iiCc may lie 1'. d on ii- ..^liore>, altlmim-li 
 
 iiolhiiiL; nf jil'c e\i>i., in it> water-. 
 
 The day wa.- deli-hltiil and a tnuf was iiiailc In the .Ionian, 
 and the eamp halted near the place where I.- rat I crossed on 
 dry land. Here Dr. 'ralma^LH' was filled with .soleiiiii joy on 
 hehuldin^i- the .-acred -treaiii. .M'ter luncheon, pre|)aratioiis 
 wcri' made l(>r the l.apii>m. At tlu' Imiir appointed Dr. 
 Tulinairc emerged IVom iiis tent clad in a h.n^ hruwn rolie, 
 lioiTowed from the sheik. The candidate had secured a lon^^^ 
 wiiite robe from a Niil.ian attendant of iiis i)arty, and tint's 
 clad caiiie to the l.ank where J )r. Taliiiajic and the other nu'iii- 
 hers of the party waited. The circle wa.s eonipo.sed of the 
 American Jadies and gentlemen, the sheik, the muleteers, and 
 other atteudaiit.s. The .service was opened by singiip.- the 
 hymn: "On .Jordan's stormy banks I stand/" etc. After 
 
 Then 
 
lilV, l)r. Til/lllili/r'.^ Trip In Ih, I!,, hi l..,,i<l •_>! 
 
 'ill-ill;:, l»r. Tiilnm-.' 1..I in |.i;iv.r, .xainii.. .1 i|„. ran.li.lut,. 
 
 "il.l llir MnlV (.f .Ir.ll.' l,;,pli..n i|||.| |,i. uSM\ .•cnmiioinn 
 
 j" I'apii/r; til,.,, li.k,,,.. ,|„, ..iui.li.latr l.v th.- han.l, I...| |,ini 
 I'll" 111'' UMlrraii.l uiiii,r,s,,| l,i,„. ivpfaliii-; tlir ii.-ual tuii.nila 
 iill.T wIikIi he imuiouiK'cl till- iHiii'.li.tinii. Dr. 'lain, a..,.' 
 .:;iiv.; the cuiKllilat.. a .•.■niiiratf ..f LuptiMn. Sn.,ii all.r the 
 -'■ryi(.. Di- 'ralnia-c ami |.ai'lv l.a.li' atli, u i,. th, ir friends 
 =""' '■<liiiii.,| lu ili.ir raiii|iat .linrl,,.. u -I, |,a.l ii,.t Ihth 
 iviin'V.d. pa»ii,- (ijlual. ulinv Saul, ilir li l;ii,n ,,t' UrnA, 
 was crnuMKl. rp,,,, na' |,ii,n ,i„. ,..,,„,, ,|,, ^ ti.ii,,.! an r.s,.,]- 
 I'l" 'liiiiM ,• awailiiij; tli-iii. A lar-.- Ih.i !!(,• ._r,iv,. uarinlh 
 ;iihI h-lit iM ill,, cvciiin-j naal. In a Im!; m,,. ilii^ illnini 
 iiiiliun »a> _siiin,ii,i,|..,| |,y „.nic jiliy li..i .nin,- ,.1 l„,iii x^xor*. 
 ••|»nr.'»('ly iittiiT,|. vU,,, I, a. I coinr t'n.iii' a iii.i-i,|„M'iii}.' vlllai:*' hi 
 fiitcrtain lli,' iviK.wn,.,! vi>ii,,is will, a " .liricli.Mlai ' ~\|"icr 
 
 tlii> " i)all." wlii.'li liallli's .|,-,-ri|.tinii, til,. i,,iiri-t- i iml and 
 '•ii.i'>y,.,| annilnr iii.jlii'. ,.,,i. m„.|, ^^.,, j),._ '|'j,l|,|.,^,.V lipst 
 <'.\|)( ricncc (,rcuhi|) lili. in the " suMcrness of .Iu.|ra," 
 
 At an farly I ,• tin. full,. witiir dav tlic camii \\a> ,.,, ii-* 
 
 ua\ in 
 
 ' I I i:n I m ,1 1 IM- \ i.i:\i. 
 
 Dr. 'I'aliiiau,. havin- i\»iii pa.-. -I in sif. I_v llir placr where 
 till' niaii I. Il anionL llii(V.>, arrived a! llie lii.lv City, ami 
 give..; hi.^ experience ilin>: - \\ iS.ihanv, (.n ilie ruin.-"<.V the 
 li->H<e (if .Mary and .Martha and La/,arus. w,. disiii,.nnt,.,l 
 In.ni our horse.-, on th,. way up from .Ionian and the Dead 
 Sea. We went into the traditional loml. of La/arn-, an,! it 
 i.-^ deep down and dark, and with to,,. in,- we eNploivd it. We 
 found it all .piiet that afternoon ,.f our vi.-ii. Think 
 
 oi' how I lelt when 1 naehed th,. ,|i,idan. after >leepinir the 
 im'viou> ni-ht in the rniiis ,.1' dodiiia".- .lerh'ho ! Think of 
 how I felt when a man in onr party ciinie and asked me to 
 baptize him: H,. wi.^hi'd to i)e iniiiier.-ed ii, the verv wati'r.s 
 wlnre (,ur .Saviour was l.apti/ed. F found the candidate a 
 professiiju; Christian an.l an earne>t man. and eon-ented. 
 There was a .^heik who preceded our caravan, and hi- rube 
 wa.s just lik(; a baptismal rolu., and I put it on, and we (ouiid 
 aiiothei- white robe for the candidate. Then, -tandiuLf on 
 the .shore of the .Jordan, I read from mv liible the stoiT of 
 the l)aptisiu of Christ, when ' the Sj)irit of < loil descended "like 
 a dove from heaven,' and a voice was heard -ayini:, ' This i.s 
 my l)eloved son, in whom 1 am well pleased.' 'My daiij^hter 
 wrote out sonu' copies <jf a favorite hymn which "we -in),' at 
 lionu', and all present — friends, pilL'rims and strangers — 
 
22 
 
 liti'. Dr. TuhiKtiir's Trip l<> tin Jfo/i/ Lmul 
 
 joined in sincjin.u it lliciv on Jordan's l)ank-. TIumi wc went 
 dmvn intu \\w wnU-v, and under willows, >ii|| u-reen in nud- 
 winter. I hapiized tlie ( "liristhm. Tlial was tlie most over- 
 whelniiiiij nmnient of my life." 
 
 It was Saturday tvcninu^ when the cum)) arrived at Jeru- 
 salein, and on Sal.liatli, D.remi.er Ml., Dr. Talma-e preiielied 
 on the. lamentation oC our Savionr ov.t the doomed eitv, 
 ''.ferusaleni! deriisalem ! " ])uriiii,r fjii.. discourse the .rreat 
 du-ine I. -lis his hearers that he wa> thrilled and overpowered 
 with the reinendu'anee that yonder, wlu rt' now stands a 
 Mohammedan mos(ine, stood the temple, the very one that 
 Christ visit. 'd. II,. also says: "Standin<,r in this old eitv all 
 other iaets are eclip>ed when we ihink that near here" our 
 lilessed Lord was horn : that up and down the streets of this 
 city lie walked, and that in the outskirts of it he died." 
 
 On .Momlay, before leaviiij-- Jerusalem, Dr. Talmai^re made 
 another visit to Calvary, and some otiur .su'red places in the 
 Holy City. The Tow.r of David, which had not previously 
 been visited, was of special attra.'tion. < )ii vi.-itiiii^r tlij- .<triie- 
 tnre, which is now us.mI as an a.v.nal, Dr. Talmage read 
 aloud the story oi how the handsome j.rinee stole the heart« 
 of the men of Israel, of his rebellion and his terrible end 
 whilst a s.piad of Turkish .soldiers surrounded the reader a- 
 the touehino: narrative flowed Irom his lips. 
 
 The wailin^^ place of the Jews was also visited. Here Dr. 
 lalmaLTe loiin.l about forty of the taithfiil wailin-. mourning' 
 and moanin;;- because of the desolation of the temple and 
 implorin.i,' Jehovah with impassioned earnest nes.- for its restor- 
 ation. .\ number of men, women and children were also here 
 en-aged in chanting th.. !)()th Psalm, and .so sincere and 
 earnest were they in their devotions, the tears coursing down 
 their pale eheek.s, that Dr. Talmage " felt like weeping with 
 them. ' ^ 
 
 Having visited these phico and lun.'he.l bv (me o'clock, 
 
 Dr. lalmage lelt Jerusalem on hor.seback, with his caravan, 
 
 in all probability never to .see it again, passino' throiedi the 
 
 Damascu.s gate and takin.o- the old central r.iad leading to 
 
 Oajilee, which Christ and hi< parents are .said to have taken 
 
 \>^a years before on tluir return from the temple to \a/areth. 
 
 1 assmg ..vi'r the high plane which stretches from Jeru.salem 
 
 in that (lireetion, many interesting .scripture localities were 
 
 vi.sitc.l by the way. Three miles j.purnev and thev come to 
 
 (.jiHi;.\ii, the place m which tlH> ark remained froni the time 
 
 of its return by the Philistines till its removal by David as 
 
 ago. 
 
Rev. Dr. T'l/maijr'.^ Trip to t/ir If,,/,/ I,.,,nl. 2:] 
 
 recorded 2 Surmicl (1: :;-4. This is als.. tiie i.liHv wlicre 
 giiiiucl lived and died. On,, half hour's ride farlher, and 
 Rainah, where the pn.piHt was horn, was passed, and another 
 two and a half nnies travel they come to r>t'rooth, the reputed 
 place where the child Jesus was missed by his parents. Three 
 miles i'urther IVoni this point and 
 
 I'.KIIIKI. 
 
 was reaehed. Here the caravan (Mieamped for the iiiLdit, and 
 
 Dr. 'J'alma;;!' slept on the identical spot where dac(il), lyinjr 
 
 with stones for his pillow, had the nocturnal vision of "dacoh's 
 
 Ladder." Talmau'e says of his experience at this place: 
 
 "The iiijrht I slept there the heavens were full of ladders, 
 
 first a ladder of clouds, then a holder of stars, and all up and 
 
 down the heavens were anirels of hcauty, aiiLrel- of (•,.ii..o|ation, 
 
 an^rels of ( iod ascendini>- and deseendioi:." 
 
 ^ The ruins i)f Siiii.oir, ei-iht miles ahead, are iicxi vi>it((l. 
 
 This place is of ^rn'at interest, \w\u<i the centre of dewish 
 
 worship in the days of the dud^es.and one of the earliot and 
 
 most saered of the llcl.rew .sincluaries. The .\rk was kept 
 
 here from the last days of doshua to the tiimof Sanmel, when 
 
 it was captured hy the Philistines. .^Fany a >ccne must have 
 
 been witnes.sed in this place, llannuli here prayt'd for a s(»n, 
 
 devoted her darling'- Samuel to the Lord and brought his 
 
 " little coat from year to year.'" Here, i^ood old Kli saw his 
 
 sons carry forth tiie .\rk Jif (iod on the' fatal day of .\phek, 
 
 and the widowed mother, dying of a broken heart, hft the 
 
 name of " lehabod " for her infant son, dc-tined to see '-the 
 
 glory departed from Israel." Ten miles further onward and 
 
 the ancient city of 
 
 siii:( iiKM 
 
 is reached. IIci,' Dr. Talmage stopped overnight ami exam- 
 ined a manuscript of the Pentateuch, written over ."..OUO years 
 ago. This city was once called Samaria, and is now known 
 as Nablous. It is >iimited in a fertile valley I'uniungeast and 
 west between Mounts Ebal and (Jerizim" Thi> vallev in 
 Scripture is called "the plain of Moreh." It is the most 
 beautiful landscape in Palestine, -bjseph's tomi) is located in 
 this vale one and a half miles east of the village. Jacob's 
 well, where Jesus talked to the women of Stimaria, is in the 
 sajne vicinity also, a short distance south of the tomb. The 
 well is an excavation in the solid rock, supposed to have been 
 lot) feet deep. Its present de|)th is 7") feet, the original depth 
 having been reduced by pebbles thrown into it l>v visitors. 
 
1)1-. T;,l,nn;:.. .av. of ii,i-. u, II : ■ W, ,li.ii>,„mt.,l fVnn, our 
 iniM.> ,n a .in/zln,^r nnn, an.l ,„n- .Ira-.-nian, ciinihin- „n to 
 
 tlu. w.ll nv.T thr >li,,|u.,v MoMcs st,nnl,|,.s, aii.l rriol,(,,,s „s 
 )}• iiriirly lallm- ini,, it. I n„,,Miiv,l the ssrll ;u tlio i.m an.l 
 
 t'-.H iiHx t,,., tVon, .,i,.. „..„|.,, Son.. .n,>s an.l Is.hIs 
 
 ;"" "":';"^^' -';'""';-^ "vrl.nn,^ i,. In on,. ,,l:nv ,!„. roof i. 
 
 brnkrn thn.nnli. i^a.-.. stones .mi.ank il.r u.ll .„, all -i.l,., 
 
 ;.' ': ";" '''^'' '"I"'; ^^"'l-. 'li.^-,-'.'<l 'Inwn lu a lunntaintlKU 
 Jill.- II, l.ul a ivs(TV.,ir (() cal.-li ihc fallin.r i;,in- " 
 
 Slurh.n, is ,m.. ..r tin. most .ar,v.l rh..\r <(„„> ,.n .arth 
 -\l.niliarn lunl hi- iir.t iv^i,!,.,,..' in Can an l,,-,-.. H,.,,. ho 
 iHiillhi.- lir.i altar t„ (in,l an.l r,.viv..| „n. .,!' l,i. ..aHio^t 
 pn.nuM.>. Ih,. |,r„„! ,-al>,. uvy .ivun^ .ha, his - Ihith was 
 '""I" l'"''l'';' ''■'■'■ l.y ..f!mn- Isaa.. ,m Mount (hri/.in, 
 lyn,. I.K, Abralnuns SO...I, altor .ainin;r |.nss...Hon of th.. 
 innoM.. Ian.l,a^>.nil.h.,l to ,.,v.t an altar an.l nr.H.lain. th.. 
 law in ohclirno,. to .Mo.r>- ininn.iion, r-f<.r.l,.,l Dotit xxvii 
 Nils va.vt a.v-.inl)la.;-...,rnuii. w,,in.i, an.l .hiMr.n ua< on.' ..f 
 f ><■ n.o>t auiiiM ov.-r ^^hur>.,d i,v o.an on ..arih. lAtcn.lin.r 
 i'l'HiLi'th,. ,,an, w,,v ,h,. millions of Ura.'l uith iho ha.ino.^ 
 "'I "H'lr tnlH> inarkni- th.-it allotlo.l po.Mlion-, halfortho 
 tnl"->.nn,l,n-on ili.' m-I.. of ,ho ono hill, an.l half on thoside 
 "'""■"ii":'': lli"|;n-l^ an.l i^ovit-^ Man.lin^^ in iho valley 
 ';'•"';"• ^^'!l' il". .\rk uV Iho Covvnant in iho o,.nir... anil 
 .)">lHia at their lioa.l. As .lo.ioia rea.l ih,. wor.ls ..f iho law 
 liio lni,o> .,n (ionziin >h,,nl(ii '•Ana-n" to th.- I.|,...i„,.-^' 
 =""! "l"-'' '■" '"•'':'! '"' 111" cnr.-es. th.. a, •■•lain, ••>w..|lin ^ "i'li 
 "uiirM,.- vo nmo towar.1. lo.av.n.- Joshua, also, holor.^his 
 ''^•"'' '••"^•'! ;'" <!"■ 1'""P!'' Inr.. a-ain t.. ronow their national 
 -•-nvnant uith (io.l. wlm^h .houl.l n.^ver .■,:.-,. to hin.l thoir 
 ]).)storit y. 
 
 neparlin- fr..ni Sho.-heno (ho next inii.orlani ohov arriv..,! 
 at r-^ the Liical 
 
 I'l.AlN Of MIK.IDDm. oI! i;s|)liA |;i,( ).\, 
 
 where th.. oaiui. ^^as |.ii,.ho.l lor the ni-hl. The .southora 
 <;ntranee t.) this valley is oalle.i Kntrininim, an.l is fortv- 
 IV.. nnl.s north of ./..rusaloin. Fr.uu this t..wn two r.,a<ls 
 lead across the plain t.. Nazareth, which is situat.'.l six- 
 teen allies distance anion- the hills of (Jaliloe Th,. more 
 eastern ..i these roads pa.^sis the village of Z,.r<.en. th.< Jezereel 
 ot scripture. 1 his plain ..xt.n.ls alx.tit tweiitv-loiir miles east 
 and w.'sl, ami lhirt....|i miles across* in its wi.'lot part Ft is 
 boumlcd on the north-west hv the ran-o of Mount Carmel 
 
 • 
 
 Jo 
 
Mliif'li melts (l..\vi, into its plain. Tlic northern liilK nf Sara- 
 na bouiid It to tlio soutli-wesf. Mnunt Tahuiir sian.i^ mu (he 
 nortli-ca.stiTi) honl.r, and a llw inil,.-. furtlicr in ihe sum" 
 ;'"■'■;•""" !i'-<' tlic city an<l lal<r of Tiheria^. Its .astern 
 bord.'r .xtcn.Is to i|,r valhv (,f tia- .I(,r(lan. The iiills of 
 Hninen,. .M.,reh. Little IK ininn, Kn.lnr, Mount ( iilh.a. and 
 iHllisnean. are all Htiiatcd within it> viciniiv. The citv of 
 JSain. where .lesus raised the widow's ...n, is al<o h.ealed h'ere. 
 J Ins I- one of the most remarkable plains hi>torieallv and 
 ])hysieally 111 I'alotin.'. In Mri|,:ure It i.- ealled ijie Valley 
 <>l ,le/,reel and Plain oi .Me,-id.|n. hi aneient aial nm(h.rn 
 times It ha> be, n the eh. .ice battle-lield Tor e,„iilietiie- armii- 
 -lews an<l (Gentiles, Assyrians and I'er-ian^, Crnsnler^ and 
 Naraeens, Turk>. Arabs, and Franks have all -pilt their blood 
 upon it.> iertile >,,d. li, the vieinitv of thi< vall.'v Kim-- 
 Jnsiah was -lain. Saul an.l hi- ^m- here 1m-i ih,.iV live.r 
 Ihe lour hundred and (iftv pries!> of !5aal. w ho were n.mr- 
 '■"'"■'' =" "^ ''I""'' I'.v .le/.. I)e|. were slain bv l-:iijaii at its 
 iiorrh-western corner. Ileiv ( lide^.n'- i Inv, hundred route.l 
 the teemui- ho>t of Mi, ban. wIm, lav ahmu' this ^-valley like 
 <.n-asshoppers |br nniltitmle." lleiv I)..b,,rah an<l I'.arak 
 njarsluilled ttieir i;ir,'e> in imrMiit .ifSiM^ra. ai.d th, phu',- has 
 been inimortali/ed bv Del),,rali'> 
 on that occa>ion 
 
 -onir oj' ti'iiimph, cmpused 
 
 1 roc(.e,||,|n' ,,ver ijn-. plain th,' caravan encamp, ,1 the jul- 
 JowiiiL;- lUL^ht at 
 
 N.\z.\i;i;in. 
 
 The iirst Jiou.M' |)r. Talma-e ,'ntere,i in th,' villa-e \\a- a 
 <"iri c ler's shop. 'I'he Chiiridi of the Annunciation, whidi is 
 (•laimed to en>lirine the hoii>c ,.f .Mary atid d,,-,ph. was .'are- 
 fullv inve.-ti;:at('d. This villa;:,' was" iiiten.-e| v int"'reMin:.r to 
 Dr. Talma-e. The h)eati,m of Na/.aivth i- mmantie. The 
 town is situatcl on the declivity ,.f a iir,,), ,'tin;i hill, to the 
 brow of whieh the p.M.ple |e,l ,mr Saviour " that they miuht 
 thi'ust him down headlong-." This elevation is surrounded' by 
 fifteen .)ther hills, which rise like the ed-c of a shell, jriving 
 this (h'lightful hamlet th,' appearance of a roM' inelo.MMrby its 
 leaves. An ailjai'ent plain, about a mile in lenii^th, ami from 
 two to four hundred yards in breadth, e.xt<'mliiie- into a 
 <k't'lininfi' ravine \\hich "termiimtes in an immense chasm, witli 
 steep rrx'ks on either side, and commanding a view of the 
 noble plain of Megiddo. conveys the impression that such sur- 
 roundings were well iidapted [n the mclitatioiis of our 
 Saviour's early life. .\mid the hilU and dells of Xazuroth 
 
26 
 
 /.Vr. J),. Tiihnmje'K Trip to tlu- Ifn/i/ hnul. 
 
 nature s(((-m.s to sit ciitlironod in its most iriiprossive solitude 
 and 'frandcur. 
 
 Onward troin tins villa-c, through (ana olMJaliloo, and 
 ovvr tl.(> Afountof Hcatitudcs. ( 'aparnauni is reached in time 
 J«)r lalmaj^'eto proacl. in tliis phu'e tlie following Si,i)hath 
 after disciirsiii^r .,t JcrusMJem. Here Dr. Talmai^e states to 
 I" ;^"'''*''"';:;;',!f '•"^l'-'" tl.." wisl, of my lite to stand on 
 the l)anl<s of (.aliiee. What a sol.ninitv and what a rapture 
 to t)e here ! I can now underhand I he f'eelin-s of the Sc.teh- 
 man hohert .Murray MVIuyne, wiien sittin- on tlie banlvs of 
 
 this lalie, he wrote : 
 
 It IS not tliiit il,o wil.l n-M/elie (■.„„,.« (|,,wn to drink tliv tide 
 .lit Ik' tljat wi.s pierced I,, siivr (Voii. Im.1I oft wa.id. nd l,v tliv side 
 It IS lint lliiu i|„. liir-iivc -rows, and palni> in lliv s,,lt air' " 
 
 l.iit that Sl.anmV fair and Idecdin- I^,s,. oi.a. spriM.lils Ira-ranee there, 
 (iiace III around thee il,,. rnoinitains meet, tlinii calm reoosin- .ea 
 I.Mt ah! tnr mure the hcanlifnl \\r\ uf .Jesus walked o'er th.^e.' " ' 
 
 The day alter the delivery (d' tliis di.-eourse Talma^n- had a 
 ^ail on the Lake of ( iennesaret, an.l savs : " I wanted to realize 
 how the .Vposlh's fell in th- storm. Tu ^dve von an ich-a of 
 how .piiekly storms arise on this inland sea 1 will sav that 
 within hve minutes alter we had <,dided out on the surface as 
 smooth as -lass a tempest arose and swept down .so fiercely 
 aiKl the waves ran so hi-h, that we conld onlv escape hv 
 landino- al Capeniaum." 
 
 Around this Sea .d'tialilee Dr. Talmaire seems to have felt 
 inoiv at home than in any other part' of the llolv Land 
 Nils Is only natural, for .d' all the .-eas of earth none arouses 
 the ima^oination or stirs the soul of the Christian traveller as 
 does tins .sea. The public life of Je.sus ha<l its cimtre and 
 ehiet develojmient around the Sea of Galilee. Some of his 
 uii-htiesL works weiv- here wrou-ht. He scdected his apostles 
 lere, and some of his most remarkable discourses were de- 
 livered in this vicinity. Dr. Taima-e, after survevin- the 
 nitir.- surroun. nios ..f this lake, eatinjr of its fish, sadinj; on 
 Its l),,som, and bathin-' in its waters, predicts that, "The day 
 IS counn- when the Sea of Galilee, instea.l of beiinr a desolate 
 *'heet ot water, with a hiindfiil of people on its shores support- 
 ing a. mea-re existence, will become the si.urce of wealth and 
 great commercial activity. Its bosom will be covered with 
 fleets ot merchantmen, and throned beside it will be cities 
 with populations reachinjr into five hundred thousand " The 
 ■Sea of Ti[)erias. although desolation reigns around its shores 
 18 "surrounded by objects well calculated to heighten the 
 
j \ 
 
 Bcr. Dr. Taf)n<i(/r\'< Trij> to thr Ho/,/ L,,,,,!. 27 
 
 solemn impression, and aflonls oni" of tlic nmsi >trilviii<r pros- 
 pects of the Holy LiuHJ." TIh' wat.T of tliis ]ak.> i>" sweet 
 and piiro. Several hot spriiifrs are ahm^r \u chores, wiiich 
 are pcl)hiy. It alx.imds in fisli of various kinds and is (h,. 
 resort of great numhers of the I ,hered trii)e. Of the numer- 
 ous villa<res which onee chislered around its.-hores, few traces 
 nowreniaiii. The hills rise in <,Hneral a>cent iroin its .shores 
 on either side, attaining to the ea.stward a height of ahout 1 ,r)nO 
 feet, thus forming a hasin dej)res-cd (i,S2 feet lielow tiic Medi- 
 terranean. Owing to this depres<i(,n and its lofty hanks, 
 gashed with deep ravines, it is rendered iial.h' to sudden and' 
 enntrary winds, which oft descud from tiic iieitrhhouriii" 
 mountains, causing its water to foam and ra-e in a fearful 
 manner. 
 
 In the neighhourhood of (Jalilee, Dr. Talmaire visiv.-d some 
 vcrv interesting place, making a g.^neral tour ol' the whole 
 region, and preaching in the vicinity oi ('una, on the first 
 miracle ef our Saviour turning water" into \\iiic. The view 
 from the .Mount of Beatilmles was truly captivatiim-. Dr. 
 Talmage, in de.scrihing it, .says: "On ai'id up \\v uo in (he 
 severest climh of all Palestine. On and up until, (uulie rocks 
 of hlaek hasal', we dismount, and climhing to the Inghest peak, 
 look out oil an enehaii nieiit of .scenery that .M'ein,s'"to he the 
 Beatitudes themselves, arched into skies, and rounded into 
 valleys, and silvered into waves. ■ Hail, hills of 
 
 Galilee! Hail, Lake (lenne.saret, onlv four miles away! 
 The valley of Hattiii, helween here and" Lake (lalilee, is an 
 amphitheatre, as tlujugh the natural colour of the earth had 
 invited all nations to come and sit down and hear Christ 
 preach a sermon in which there were more startling novelties 
 than were evt^r announced in all the sermons that w^re iver 
 preached. To those who heard him on this very spot lii.s 
 word must have .seemed the contradiction of evervthing that 
 they had ever heard, or read, or experienced." 
 
 Having feasted on the natural lieauties ot" the (Jalilean 
 hills, the caravan moved (jiiward threiigh the regions of 
 
 D.V.V. 
 
 winding its way across Mount Hermon towards Damaseii.s. 
 Dan is the northern limit of Palestine, and the soiin'c of the 
 Jordaii. ^ Here Dr. Talmage selected a stone for the haptismal 
 font of his new tahernacle, hid adieu to the Jordan, and pro- 
 ceeded to Dania.scus. Dr. Talmage descrihes the first part of 
 this journey thus: "It was ahout noon of Decemher IS. that 
 
 II i 
 
 i! 
 
 i 
 
28 
 
 Hrv. I)r. Tnh,„„i,-.. Tn), I,, Ih,' Il,!,i /.,/;/,/. 
 
 llH-((.nip,..<t .tnirk u< an,l Au.uM ,1,.. ,nnm,t:,in>: ,.„.. of 
 tlic huY>v> fall and w halt amid a l.liinlinir ,..,1,, I, j, jv,,p^ 
 .ng.-.l.l: lin;,..rs and li.., likV i,.,, Tui. l,o,.,s and tlu-''^ 
 •jimr .Ts hoi,,,-,. (.n,-a,n|.im.ni. W. ri.l. mu in mI.mic,.. l.Mndn-r 
 '<"•'"■. t...-nnnns oi' (o-dayV j.il,rin,a.v. I, i., ,|,n u..h"Uo 
 
 t'"M"-'".-y. H,,,,.nHU!id.and stumble, and rliml, and 'dos. 
 '••■■"i ;v<' n.ust somrinn... nn the l.nrs,. and .o.notim.s uW. .intil 
 
 U las. w... alt HMlH.iuavl ,, fa villa,^.., and instead of ;.n,. - 
 mj,r ..an,,. („,.,!,.. n,.J„ u. a>v ..lad m (ind .his n.tn.at fnm. 
 til.' storm. It ,sa Imus.. ..r<,n.. >l,„.v, Iniili ,,ni „r „,„d My 
 j'""ni is rov-.m \viih a n,..!' of-oalV l.air. A i;.,.|d.. tin- mid- 
 
 IV 
 
 "''"• "" "" '•'''"";•/• '' '■< thr 1.,., i,.M,>,.nr,|„. villa... 
 A.al.s, youn,; and old, >tand an.und in uundcrm.,,! as f. uT,> 
 wc.'nmc. II, IT.. IS „., uin.low in (he r.K.ni, l.nl tu„ liftf, 
 T","T''""' "^■•■.'•'l'" ''""'■. '!'•• nil,,,' in th.. wall, thn.n.d. 
 wliK-l) lalt.T n|,-.nn,- I o<ri,.i,,nallv lind an Aral, facr thru<t 
 t..s(v inw Ian.[.n,;rr..>.iM,. iinl ■(I,., duur i. „|H.n. ^n I |,avo 
 -nmc li^ln. llnsisan att.rnno,, and ni,:.d,( nc.ver to 1... ior- 
 K-'lt.n ,„■ il>c.x|.usnivsand a,.,,naintanr,. uHI, tl„. |,ard>hin> 
 "I wl.al an Aral, mnsi.l.rs luxnnon> apartment. I ,>af that 
 
 ;;;!;'" '">■^ ''■••• ''vr"'^'' '''"''''•'•' ''''•''■'^■■'•-Mr-i.Han' 
 
 I*'"'''' " ■ ^"- '^'"l< l"d,iiim.ni in mv n.,<!iiU and cv.' '• 
 
 Afi. . ,~|.(.ndinn a ni-ht in tlii; ..ahin thr j,,nrm.v \va< n- 
 Minu.d nndc, mniv liivn,-:,!.],. ciivn.nsianc.s, mJhI I)r."Talma<r,> 
 had us M.>( M.w of I'alrMin,. iV.Hn a slnH.ld.r of I I,.|.m,m, 
 N, U(.h.Hah„v. tlu...... ortlH.la^tpai-tofihisjnnnH.vho 
 
 \\i"t<s: ^ ,,u ran ima-mc nnr i;.,.|in,-s as ^u• .anic in H-lit nf 
 
 l> \.MAS('(-, 
 
 nn.l nn ih. vcrv rmid whciv Saul uas unhor>rd al the ila>h u\' 
 
 he. ..upernal li.hl, \\ .■ did m,l uant.lik,. him, („ h,. fhum 
 
 to the (.anhjuil uvdidJiopc. inr .<nnH. on.at spiritual hlos-H 
 
 mir. I.r^ht.r than anv noonday sun, ami a n..w preparation 
 
 <nr u.<etuln<.>.. Onr Ion,- horM.l.a.k rid. was ..nd.!!, for u 
 
 carna^trc mot us sonu. mik.s out and took us to tlu. cilv The 
 
 ■ mprc-ssion on,. rcxH.iv..s as h.. rides ah.n^ th. walh-d g;,rdens 
 
 of th.plan.ar.. .I,f|..,v,„ 1,..„„ thoM. produced by anv other 
 
 c ty. iiui, w^e rannot .loc.ril.e our leelin.irs as we 'enteml the 
 
 city about which we have heard and read so m„ch, the oldest 
 
 city under the Min, and .ounded bv the grand.son of Noah • 
 
 nor our emotions as w(. pass tl.rou.Lrh the street called Straight' 
 
 aion.ir \vhi..h good Ai.anii.s went to meet Saul ; and bv the site' 
 
 ol the pala.... ot Naanian. the leper, and .saw tlie river Abuna 
 
 : 
 
- '--■';''nass.nv,an,|.ianriMna,flun,....an.l>,.l.'.;r 
 
 Mils .vnnwMrd nty uf DaMia-n-. i. .i,li;:l„t.illv MtuaK.l 
 
 •:'^'' I''"" 'I'-.'-xn, H.l.of i.l,an,.n.a>nli^ua,,.n;i l,v 
 
 r"V"'V"';""' ■"'''■'' """'■'■'"" ""■ "-"main rai„e Into 
 
 -crt. I,> HM.atiun i. u., „„„■.. .|..lid„ful than 'a.lvan- 
 
 t.,trc.n..v l...iM,d.r,,.||y,ntlK. n-ul,. nf tk. ,nrat raravan to 
 
 .M.'.H'M, lo uh,..l, van inulii,,,,!,. of .Mnlianl.nclaM pii.M'in.s 
 
 H->n. moHni wl„.,n .■u,ni.i,„. (h. vi..w> .,1' ira.l,. wilhH.,., 
 
 "f pHty II nm.t iic.cssaiily ,•„,„„..,.,.! a va-i ,,a,lr I|. 
 
 IHVM.ni inl,ahitanl> mnnlHT al.u,,, l'i)(..0(H), „,a„v nf vvl.nin 
 
 ;"■" '!'- .,ni.. fnllnu.r. nf tin. I'mplu,. Da.naM.u. I,a> In,.- 
 
 Krn a n v nl rxtui^ivn H,ani,li.rl.„v, a,;,| i^ "Mill nn.aikaMr 
 
 n .IsHllj ma.,uiar,n,H> an.l U its p.u, 11.,-^. Hlv.rMniil,^, 
 
 vim.' ami .■np,M.,-.„„ll,< ; al>n in,- „. ,„,•,„,,(,,■.. ,r„nk an,i 
 
 :n, n.ak.r.: bu, inTl.ap. tl,.. varin,,.^ a. ,iri,.> nf hallmr ar. 
 lie uin.^t pi mnimiu rnanufacliin.^. TlnM. aiv l.nni. .hn..< 
 i^lipptTs. snhllns cnv.n.l ui,|. v.lv.l. ami hri.li.s 'highly' 
 un)a.uc„t.,l unh ,nu ,i.. ..h,l|s, |„..i,|... „,, trappings m .anmN 
 and (he .■nnm.on .(luipnicMts nf a .aravan. miH, a. tent, 
 .ro.,^ net hai^s. water .kin>. .„■.; in,|..,..|. nn wlmn- ..Is.i,; 
 till- J'.asl can ^a^a^•al, prrparaiinn- I.,- nunl.. uitl, th,. same 
 advantaj,.. an.l sp.r. . Tim >wonls nf DatnaMa.s nKuuttimture 
 v\cK' ..xtrn.nTly .■..l..lTat<.(l <l„nn,r tli.. wars of the nii.hlle 
 ugo^^, wJm.i -eaeh man praye.l fn,- a stnmo- steel l.hule as the 
 erown o h.s nwn ,h »re.- Owin.:: m the Vast influx of trav- 
 cllns, ailing at DanuiMus, an nununse eonsiunption nf fnn.l 
 uiHl nther daily neccssanes are r.-iuired t„ nmet the .hn.and. 
 ihere are snnie ,m pnl.lie ennking estal.li.hment. in the .itv 
 m wine h rea.ly-jnade dishes ar,. prepare.] tor sal.., which are 
 ANcll I atronizet by pilgnn.s and travellers of all nations 
 
 lite early hist.u-y .>f DatnaMais is shroii.lc.l in the mists .if 
 a iioary antKp.uy. '• Leaving the matters written of in the 
 first elevon chapters of the Old Testament ont, an.l no 
 
 recorded event has occurred in the w.n-1.1 hut Damascus was 
 111 existence to receive tlw. n,.<i-. ..c :* /■ i,.. i. ,. 
 
 ■ • "' OauK as lar as you 
 
:)() 
 
 l\ir. I),-. Tiifmai/f'M Tri/i to (hr l/,,/i/ /.anil. 
 
 . will int.) tl.c vagiir pii.-t, tlicrc was ulwi.vs a Datiiusous. h, 
 Il)c wnliiifis (.t every ceiitm-v ii,r more iliaii 4,000 years, iti 
 Maine lia> heen mentioned ami its praises .-iinu." "She siw 
 the foundations of Haallic', and Thebes, and 'T:i,h<'sns laid; 
 she saw these villa<;cs -nnv into inijrhtv eilies. and amaze the 
 world with their -ran.h'iir, and she ha- lived to see them 
 desolates deserted, and <riven over to the owls and the bats. 
 .She saw the Israeliti>h empire exalted, and >he saw it annihi- 
 lated. She saw dreeee rise and floiiri.-h 2,000 years, and die. 
 In hor ohl a^'e she saw Home built, she saw it oV.rshadow the 
 world with Its power; she siw it perish. Damaseus has .seen 
 all that has ever oeeiirred on earth, and still she lives," no 
 doubt i'or .some -rood and wise jjiirpose that we cannot' now 
 <'<iniprehen.l. One writer - ves the loll. .win- nas.ins why 
 this eity ha- eontinued >o Inw^: "Damascus," lie .says, " f s 
 simj.ly an .>asis— that is what it is. For 4,000 year's it.s 
 water- hav.' n<,t n-om. dry ..r lis llrliliiv fail..,!. .\,,w we can 
 Ujiderstaii.l why the city has existed so h,„^r. It ,.o,dd not 
 die. So loMj: as its waters remain to it awav out here in the 
 midst of that howling' des.^rt, so h.n;,^ will JJamaseus live f 
 bless the sijirlit .)f the tired an. I ihirstv waviarer." However 
 this may be, Damascus is still Damascus." and its waters are 
 yet preferred, by many of its m.Hlern Naamaiis, to tho.se of 
 the sacred stream .if Israel. 
 
 Dr. Talmage remained three days in Damaseus, then left for 
 
 iii:Yi;()iT. 
 
 Thi-. city is the shipping- port of Svria, and has a jmpulation 
 <A 120,000, the majority of whom profess Christianity. It is 
 situated on the Me.literranean, twentv miles north .)f" Sidon 
 Ihe di-stanee Irom Damascus i.s 120 miles, cro.ssiny; the moun- 
 tains of FiebaiK)!! at an elevation of 7.000 feet. This road is 
 operated by a ImciicIi c.)mj)any. The eonvevanee is a rcnilar 
 coach-and-six turn-out. The lior.se.s are changed every hour 
 and the trip is made in iburteen hours, in which time ei.rhty- 
 iour hor,<es are br..uglu into use. Dr. Talmage enjoyed this 
 trip immensely, and on arrival at Bevrout was royally enter- 
 tained by the American College. He preached on Christmas 
 Lve to a large congregation, the church being liandsonielv 
 decorated and the inu.sic excellent. 
 
 On the; 2r)th December, Dr. Talmage and party left Boy- 
 rout on their homeward journey, taking "the Greek Archi- 
 pelago, Cou.stantinople, and Vienna on the way." A visit 
 
K'r. Dr. Tnhm.jt\. Trip tn (hr Uuh, Laud. .•;i 
 
 iioi.K uil( Alt,.,- tins interview a rcltirii wa. ,n„|,. .,. 
 L.v..r,,...I. and ,lH. Mea.ner ■^\„ra.^a •• taken (;h X. W^ 
 A leu hour. >tn,,p:,,., at (^.eeuMoNvn. Jani.arv 2(i all v,.i 
 
 Atia,aiH.ein,e.ntiue:u;:;;;:;,iisp.!{''i,:?-^^^^^ 
 
 ■an .l.vme ua.< royally weleon.e.l hv 1(M)0() of l,i ^i • • a 
 u>n -.d others :n ,h,. .reat Hrookly,. Ar.norv. on t h'ven^ 
 
 ui^wltliol^Lair 
 
 .Sniun,.,^. ,,,, this whole trip Dr. Tahnai:e u rites- •• | |,ive 
 V Hted all the seenery ron.uete.l with our LonlV hi rv 
 he whole journey has heeu to n.e a surprise, an an,a en .V 
 u frrand rapture or a .leep solen.nitv. J^.av > alread ' ■ t o 
 An.enea .ny lie.ly Land ohsc.rvati.a.s for n,v • Lite o (' t" 
 and they wore wntten on horseba.-k, on .nulehaek. o, V 1- 
 ba^k ..,sh.psdeek,l,ydimean,llein ten,, in n.u.l ho f 
 
 Aral. MJa.e, anu. the nuns of old eities, on Mount of 
 Boautudes.on l'.-l.of(;enn..saret, lauit will take wnv 
 >cai.s ot sermons to tell what I have M>en Mnd C.h . , • 
 journey throu.d. Palestine and Svria ' ' ''"•' 
 
 '• ilns lidde from whieh 1 prnuh has almost fallen ;■ part 
 or I mul iron. ,t the n.ost <.f the events in it recorded ,, hi 
 
 ^oP^vetTV "" ^''7 ;"■?"■'■'■''• '^"•' -'"•■ "'■ "'^' '' ' - 
 fnl " ^^•'^:<'-^*=';''.'''I<'Ver our l.oat on Lak,. ( Jalilee 
 
 a I the lHK>k was jostled ,n the saddleha^s tor n,anv week. ^ 
 lut it IS a new hook to ine, newer than any book that vested- 
 ay came out o any of our great prn.tin. hou.^es. i 1 ny 
 f r had heard o J'alestine, and I had read about it and 
 talked about it, ai..l preached about it. a,.d sun.^ about it ■ u"d 
 
 md v^ M. '' I """^'''""^r ■,'•• Hi'"alaya-n pn.portioii.s, 
 and >et 1 have to cry out. as did the (^.een of Shel.a when 
 she hrst visited the Holy Laiid. 'The half was not u'ld ,ne ' 
 ii^yery nerve in my iMuly has thi'illed as I have reached 
 
 Jlark, Luke and J(,hn on the v.ry sp..ts whei-c Christ once 
 
 ood Inot only recognized the 'localities by their 1 scrip- 
 
 tious, but recognized every ul^ject r.-u-n^d to iii the^ s3 
 
/;. . ih i:.i.r 
 
 7' /.. '//' //<,/,. I.uikI. 
 
 I" , "^" 'I'-' i' '^'1'' I M l,;,v.' 1.,.,.. 
 
 ""1^' IlL'l in ( llllMlitliilS. ! >l|,,.lM I, ,,|. . Ii j. i,,,j„„. 
 
 ' ' "I : ii' i'l. • iilinii of 
 
 •""»H' tllitl Ii,- -<T||)||!rc- .'ir, ;i , :, ■ 
 ilh| Inl-.' 
 
 " ijavin-; a,-i.|c :ili (HH-ii,,ii. ,^•, -urn m iiiun^ iiriil 
 
 '"•-''"'"■'' -"■- •'' l;.-.l.-iiiM, ih, naiunii . , mrv il.<cll. 
 
 '', '"''i' , ' ril'l'lMM. I iMuk IIIV llniUutiUIII nil. 
 
 atlcriKH,,! jllH il- i\:r -,l|i «•,- Mliil,^, :,|,.f |,ni|,!l||., ,., ,|,, 
 
 '•""'-'•■'I '■' '■ '■ I -•'i<l-- • 1 iKlVr > I nl, iIh' Hl/mnil- nl 
 
 '" ' "^' i.'Haiiilains I h-vc cnail-.Ml t|,r I, ;.!,.,( 
 
 Al|>.«. i i.uvi- ^■uiic thr()ii;:li ,m ^ \,ill.\,l,u 
 
 '"■''■t' iji my lii'.' iiavc I lunUi ,i ,,,, mmi, ;, M-lii a> (In- 
 
 J "■'' ' '."' ' ai.-unr. lii, [,,,, iKUJi,l.> 111 tin. .<U(I1C 
 
 '"'"- '"' IH*<»|"»«'ti'>n as |'alc>iiri.' i^ linm-lit iiii.iir 
 
 '•I"-' illslM'.llnl,. III,. I'.il.l. uill i„. i;, 1111,1 ninl-r ..|,,rinl|- aihl 
 
 "innlriir. Mio-hlirsl l.nuk .,f ilu. ,,i,>i: .Mio|„!,M l,n„k m 
 llic !niiiiv| .\f..ii!ircli (if all lii. latimv 
 
 "'!'"■ .""'.y '-'""' i 'i ^.i-i wi!' nf mighty rocks, 
 
 J'iiiii;int;- III .!/,• frniii moin.laiii:- (i,,v.ii in the sands of th(' 
 <'('caii._ 'i'li.sr locks aiv licromintr .-kc!<MniH/.,.(|. \ process 
 "I' 'liHi!tc;;rali'Ui is n-oiii- nil, and tiu- Jimr i- inrliin- inio il„ 
 ■■^nil and ciiricliiii;;- ;i. 
 
 " I was (.11 iHvtrly all the tioliis of iromdir, and ^n|,„,,oni, 
 and Duvidio, and Mn-ai.'. and Al.raliainir lii.imv. I look 
 luu.ic and \a|.!(- and Alia n.. and Alexandria and Cairn .,i> 
 lii.uav nui.and take the ( iivck A nhijMla-o, and ( 'onManli. 
 '»';|'l'-. :""' \ Kiina nii tli- way hack. What inm-c can < lod in 
 his ^..ndnc.-s -rani inc in ih.. way of natural .<'eiici'v, and 
 classic asso. nil inn. and spiritual npixtrtiinity ^ .Mi vcs ! 1 
 can think ((■ -nniciliin-- tdaddcr ihan that lie can -rant nic 
 Sale return lo the people of i„y i„.]oved Ihu k, the field (.rmv 
 work, and the land where my fathers died, and in the dusi ."f 
 whose valleys 1 pray (lod 1 jujiy he huricd."