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To the Jlonounible The Minister of Agriculture. ^'•» —I have tlie honour to submit for your approval, bulletin 29 of tlia Experimental Farm series, prepared by myself. Tn this bulletin will oe found the results of a large number of experiments whieh have been carried on at all the experimental farms during the sea-on of 1897, with oats, bariev, spring wheat, pease, Indian corn, turnips, mangels, carrots and potatoes, in uniform plots. The average results are also given of three years' tests of the uniform plots of oats, barley, spring wheat and potatn-s;. This work lias been undertaken with the object of gaining information as to the relative productiveness and earliness of the many varieties under test. The results show wide variations in the weight of the crops grown and point to the importance of greater care being exercised by farmers in choosing varieties of seed for sowing. I trust that the information given, covering the experience gaincii under many of the more important climatic variations found in the Dominion, will be useful to farmers everywhere throughout Canada. I have the honour to be. Your obedient servant, Ottawa, 10th January, 1898. WM. SAUNDERS, Director Experimental Farms. :U| r ^ V I it <, I' CRAl Iti MjuvI 'est plots lorn, turnif iiK'iital fiirii ■iiiulucted, present hull lln^se impor C,iniul;i iiia\ the selectioi In these ( iiliifks of lai lull having; i;rain, an 1 t icre each, s ■ lays. The <('0(\ used pe Tl.ase ex IP formation '■'■iiditions, iiops, also t tliis country Partic'ula I'xpcrinienti "l)taine(l at ilitlerent soi otiler of the rvi:srLTft obtaini:!) in i^dt FROM 'ruiAI. I'l.o'lS OF (;RAIN, FODDl'R CORX, AND ROOTS IjY W ii.liam Sauxdkrs, LL.l).. F.ll.^.C, IM^.S., I'ijc-. Director Experimental Faring. -I i^! ^! III Mivi'ch. IS9G, and in January, 1897, huHetins wmm-o inihli-licd '^iviri',' ■iccMUuLs of tlic crops obtiiined in 1895 and 1 80'), from a larj;c mimiifr of M'st plots of iiiaiiy varieties of oab^, liarley, .spriii'^ win' it, pca.M", Imlian corn, turnips, maii,i,'C'ls, carrot.s and potatoes grown .it 'acli of liie cxpcri- mcntal farms. During the season of 1897, similar'lines of \vt)ik base iieen L'l inducted, and the crops whicli liave been harvostod are I'eported iniho ])r(.'sent bulletin. It is hoped t liat l)y the prompt issue of the results of these ijnportant tests in a form ennvenicnit for ref(>reiiee, the fai'meis of Canada may be able to gain infornuition whicli will be uset'ul to them in the selection of varieties for sowini; during the coining season. In these experiments the impcu'tanb crops named iiave been growi\ on iilocks of lands selected so as to be as nearly uniform as jjossible in character, •ach having an area sullicient to include .all t luj varietie . of one sort of uiain, an 1 these iiave been arrangiid in plots of one-tenth "p onf i wenlJeth ;ii'iv each, side by side, and usually all sown (ui the same day or wiihin two lavs. The seed sown has been uniform in character, and the ijuantity of -red used ])er acre and the manner of sowin;^or planting has been the same. Th.ise experiments have been undertaken for the pnrpose of g lining information as to the relative profluctiveness, when grraadan tho si.'ii-ion was unusually dry; the rain- fall was only about half of the usual quantity. Cereals also \m;. mor<^ or less injured by spriiif; frosts and stron.i,' winds. Om- KulVe.red must from these unfavourable conditions, s mie of the \viii. ties sown were entirely destroyed, and others much redueed in vii'i On this aeeount some of the best sorts whii.-h have heretofore been near ilic head of the list as most productive, have falliMi much behind, and the re.Milt-' at iJi'andon this season cannot be taken as a fair index of the relativt- pid duotiveness of the diHerent varieties undc^r trial. The returns from lii. plots of wlieat, barley and pea.sc were well up to, if not above, tho aveiiiL'' Tlie yii'ld of foddiT crojjs and roots has been light. At the branch farm at Indian Head, N.W.T., cereals also sufFered froii, droughts and winds in tho spring, and some varieties, especially oat>., were much injured, but a copious rainfall about the middle of June pro duced a rapid gi'owth and development and resulted in good crops of iiiw,!. of the cereals, many of them much above t,he average. The yield of routs and foiklor crops was small. At the branch farm at Agassiz, B. C> the weather was favourable to growth throughout the season and crops of all sorts were good. OATS. li 4i: II Sixty-three varieties of oats have becm tested during the season of 1897. The.se include ten of the cross-bred sorts which have been produced at the experimental faiins, namely: INledal, jNIiller, Master, Russell, Olive, Bran don, King, Pense, Oxford and Cromwell. The size of the plots on which they were grown was one-tenth of an acre each at Brandon, Man., and at Indian Head, N.W.T., and one twentieth of an acre each at Ottawa, Ont., Kappan, N.S. and Agassiz, B.C. The quantity of seed sown of each variety was in the proportion of two bushels per acre, and the dates of sow- in" were the following: — Ottawa, 5th and 6th ]\Iay; Nappan, 12th to 20th May; Brandon, 1st May ; Indian Head, 3rd May, and at Agassiz, ICitli Aoril. The average crop of all these varieties of oats at each of the ex- perimental farms was as follows : — At Ottawa, 39 bush. 23 lbs. per acre ; Nappan, 59 bush. 5 lbs. ; Brandon, 46 bush. 32 lbs. ; Indian Head, 71 bush. ; and at Agassiz, 67 bush. 29 lbs. per acre. The average return given by the whole of the varieties at all the farms was 56 bush. 31 lbs. per acre. Particulars as to the character of the land in each case, also its ]ii' paration and treatment will be found in the Annual Report of the Experi mental Farms for 1897. '^1 I'NiroKM 'I'Ksr I'l.oTS or oA'I'S. / Naiiihrr of \)i\yn fi'iiin .Sl>wlll^' t(i Iliirvi'Hting. (itllllt'll (iilMlb MclLllclIlitc ... liiipd. Aiiit'riouii. ";uiy I'ltiiinlifs . . W'iiili' SilidiKtn. . y. (Julilcii l'ri)l. White Ulissiilli . . I JilmiibliH \V;illiH UK.'tte AiiiiT. Triiiiiiph. . W'idt! Awako. . . . l'>:aill(T iiolilcn Bounty . . ' incnlii Miiiui/.a VliNiiiiaticf! \iiii'ticiin l>ca\ily 'iiiL'kbeo'n Jlliuuis \l((lal Siberiau O. A.C. . Miller Scottish Ohi.f..,. Ilolntoin I'mlilic. \'iit()ria I'rizn . . . iu)ir()vedLig(iwi) Master ilazU'tt's Seizuro. Wih'oiiio. ..... \\'hir,i! Wonder . . Ivirly (n)thlaiii Sibi-riaii l:uai'iaii is.sell Olive I'liaiuldn I'ii;c« Cluster. . K'iii^' ... I'enso irly Maini). . . liM.-Jedale ((xfonl ■larly Blos-soni .Abyssinia ( 'I'oniWf " Reiniie's Prize. . . Imported Iri.^h . . Oderbrucli '^'reani Iv^'vptian. W'intei' (Jrey .... Karly Archangel, (joldeii Tai'taiian Cal. Prolific Clk . I'.lack 15eauty -Newmarket yiiig Scotchm'n Coulommiers .... = ;:; 1 —1 ■i 11 !i 11!' nil 11.) 11-' iL'd 1171 Id'.i irj lu; lull; iiii 1(1!.'! 111'. 117 112 IIL' l(l!l, iifi l(t!)' 11(1 117 111 loi) to < llti 117 nil 110 iii 10!) n(; nij !).S IIT) km; 104 !);{ .... •J!) KJl) !l!l ioii 107 lo:^ Hji; ioi 107 no 107 110 102 115 107 111 no no no 111 102 122! 107 !)8 lO'J 98 114 107 11(11 9S no! lot nr.i 101 100 117 114 102 114 lOu 10.5 io2 0.1 110 llo 1201 lw!l, KiO' 1171 l(iO' 117 nil; 10!) ll!l lOil' 112; 117 101) 1171 lODj 10(M km; 1 01): niii 10!)' 112: 111) j17' 100 i()o: \Vi\ not llDi 117^ no' no, 112! loi;; lOtil 101) lull' lOO! iDllI 1171 112, 1171 1171 112 117; no 107 121' no 10') 11!) lo!) l!)!)l 121 1 11!) 11!) 122 117 no 110 1171 1211 1101 120 117 122, 117! 122 1211 lii7' 117, 110' 117' HI) 121 nil 12: 121 121 121 117 ;:? 1211 117! 122| no' 121, IKS 1171 118; no 121 122 107, 117! 117. 1171 117 122. 117 12Hi 114 105 no 111 109 108 106 IW 109 HO 107 luo 109 108 105 105 loy 100 111 111 no 110 1(.'7 100 107 108 \()?> 10(1 lo3 103 105 114 lOf) 107 no 108 104 103 no no 111 no 111 111 108 105 105 Kjy 107 105 lot; 114 10!) 108 107 105 117 1 1 r I'fi 1^ H I ;' j|^ t ■« '♦ i UMI'OKM TKHT I'LDTH OK OATS— r'f*r of r)nys from Sowing to llai vcst.iiitf o 17 8 10 ,5 25 102 8! I 102 ti;i| !i:t 102 107 '/. i -^ y. <, i . £ £ SH 1 •a c S ^>5 >5 pa M T «■ ifi >. (>. >, 1-5 ^ ^ 98 11!) 105 lor 10(1 110 . .. 117 Its 111 till 111; IHJ .3 u = 121, 110 no ]i):> 121 II:.' los io> 10(1 Ids iiiL' 117 121 11;) Eighteen vari(3tie.s are not reported on from Bi-andon as these wci, destroyed by frost and wind. The twelve varieti(!8 of oats which have produced the large.st cro[).s (hiiin; 1897 at the several experimental farms are the following : — Centoal Expkuimkntal Pakm, Ottawa. 1. Golden Giant 57 2. Mi'iini>nit« 5(5 8. Iiniirovf'd Amnrican 53 4. Early KUmix* 53 6. White Schonen 515 6. .Karly GoUlou Prolific 50 Per Acre. Per Afi ■. BiiHh. Lbs. Bii.fli. L!o. 12 7. Whito Russian 5U ;ii' 11 8. Columbus 40 2'.' 28 a. Walli.s 4!t li 23 10. Joanotte , 4!) 1 8 11. Anmrican Triiiinpli 4!( '.'■ 30 12. Wide Awake 48 2:: An .iverage yield for the twelve sorts of 51 l)ushels 29 lbs. per acre, ExPKniMBNTAL FaRM FOR THE JMaRITJME PUOVINCKS, NaPPAN, N.S. Per Acre. BuHh. Lbs. 1. Wallis 87 2. Siberian O.A.0 82 3. FlyiiiK Scotchman 82 4. Ha/.ler.t's .Seiziue 78 5. White Wondor 70 6. Whi '■ KuHsian 73 22 12 12 22 1(1 18 Per .Acn Bush. 1,1-. 7. Bavarian 72 IJ 8. Gol(h-n Tart.arian 72 I:; 9. Iini)rovpd American 72 1" 10. Mortgage Lifter Oil M 11. California Prolific Black- (17 2J 12. Columbus. (17 1; Au average yield of 75 bushels 6 Ib.s. per acre. Experimental Farm for Manitoba. Brandon, Man. Per Acre. B'.ish. Lbs. 1. CJolden T;irt,ariaii 8.3 18 2. E.'irlv Golden Prolific 7<5 26 3. Joaiiette 71 1(1 4. Califoriiia Prolific P.l,iok ... (18 8 6. Kos.dalo 07 12 6. I'eiisp 04 24 7. RUSKOII 8. (lolden T'leauly .. . <). Sili.rian O. A. () 10. Piiz.. Cluster.... 11. Ivirly KtainiH'fl. . Per .AcK Bush. Li 02 -' .57 V 57 5(1 50 12. llol.stein Prolific 55 An average yield of 64 bushels 24 lbs. per acre. KXJ'EIIIIMKNTAL FaIIM FOR TMK N.W. Tr.ltlllTOKIKS, TnDIAN TTeAD, N.W.T. 1. AhvMxinin '2 liniinivcrl Anii'rioan ;( Sili.Tiiiii O.A.C. . I ( 'oIllllllillN :,. oiiv<< >\. i;,H,.,ii,l.' I'rr A err. UuhI . Mm K7 o St; 'ji; HI) If, 8.') :u) 85 83 •JH I 'it Acre, ItuNli. Lbi. 7. Mazl»«tt'n Hriziiro. . S'2 12 H. Kill I V (iotlilMiid H-2 12 !l. Kinlv il'iMni I'riililic S(» 10 10. (;.,lc|'..|i (iiiini K(l 10 11. .Mt'iiiii>iiit(i H) 1'.!. llMlstiiii I'nilitia 80 All iiv('r;ij,'0 yioid ni H'.i hu.slicl.s \'2 Ihs, per iicrn. EXPKUI.MKNTAL FaHM I'OU BkiTIHH CoMI.MItIA, AOASSI/, 15. C. I'or Acri\ BuhIi, Ll)8. 1 llirly Mnine tt2 32 :.•. I'.liick I'l.imty n2 ;vi ;f. (Inliloii (iiiiiit 89 H 1. Lincoln 87 22 .•,, (idnrl.nioh 82 .'i2 il Karly BloR8oin 77 22 l'''.'r Acre. I5i;>h. Mm. 7. Tiii|irnvc'I .Aint'riean 77 22 s. r.iickhco's uiiiK.id re. uj 11. liiivnriiin 7') HO 10. .Viiicricaii Itcaiity 74 21 11. l''l\iiiir S.otcliinan 71 1 12. ('(ilniul.us 7;i l,s .\ii avonvirc yiold of 81 bushels 11 lbs. \mr aero. The twelve varieties which have produced tlie largest orop.s duriiif; 1897, t;ikiii£» the averaj.{e results obtained at all tlu! experimental farms are: — I'cr Acre. BijhIi. libs. I. Improved American 72 22 •J. I '.olden Giant 70 5 :!, Silicrian, O. A. 06 4 1. ColiimhnM 05 11 :>. Mciinnnitf . 05 11 ti. \nicrican Hiaiity 05 5 7. Early (Johioii I'rolific. iS. I'avarian !». Kosclalc _ 10. (iiildtii Tartarian 11. Wallis I'cr .\crc. ■< a Hi i;H ■A'^' o £2 -1* C 41 3S lis s 4 1 10 1(1 lis 3'.l 30 34 '.i: 40 23'37 2,S 35 24 34 17 21t 25 32 2(J 23 821 I W 22 40 23 li; II) 28-30 40142 2S 3 1 4 10 40 4(1 24 37 40 13 8,34 8i42 44 21 3021 32j32 4r,l li!:i3 32 44 20 52 4 45 5 52 12 13 2 47 4 47 20 53 38 50 4,!5 12 51 22 37 24 50 il 1 ■'( 27 31 30 30 24 28 20 2!) 34 32 1 t :.'S 10 37 32 10 31 2 40 24 28 10,27 4 3S 24 3S 12 37 20|37 3f.'3(; 8,37 44:3<» i:m 4,3S 21|34 t2!33 40!33 lti!25 4129 13 28' 30i 30' 34 40 37 31) 14 42 38 S9 li 44 1 4y< s. I rt 01 •12! <(•)! :»2 '.10 !)2 02 !l2i ^ ',W 01 08 07 101 1113: !04: 104i 101' 10! 104 104 104 104 liM 104 liii 104 104 102 104. 01 i 103i 001 i.'iii 00 1 00 oi;| 102; 103! 103 104 1021 0(>l 107 KiS 111 111: 107 111 107 107 107 111 115 115 115 111 107 120 ll!i iii; 117. 121 1 lis! 114 110 no 110 lis no no 117: 115: uo 1(4 105 105 1(14 1(13 1114 1(14 UMi H(7 Kili 107 Kui 104 The six varieties of two-niwed b;ii'l(.\y which havn given the largest crops at the several e.xpi^riitieiital farms during 1897 are the following : — C'knthal Kxpkrimental Fakm, Ottawa, Ont. Per Acre. Push. Lh.-.. 1. Xewton 41 7 2. (-'an.idianTl'.nrpc 38 2(1 3. .Sidney 35 41 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. Dani.sli Chevalier 34 3S 5. Victor 34 2.S fj. P.ea\ er 34 S An average yield of 3G bushels 25 lbs. per acre. EXPKRIMENTAL Fak.M FOH TIIH >rAHlTIME PrOVIXCES, NaPPAN, N.S. I'er .\cro. Per Aoiv Bush. Lbs. Bush. Llis^ 1. ( 'aiiadian Tiiorjiu 40 40 4. Danish Chevalier 30 2.s 2. Newton 40 40 5. Sidney 38 H) 3. Nepe.iu 40 40 0. IVilton 37 24 An average yield of .'59 bushels 31 lbs. per acre. Per Acre. Bush. Li.s. 4. Prench Clievalier 43 2(1 5. Victor 42 4 0. Thanet 42 I Experimental Farm for INIamtoua, Brandov, Man. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Sidney 40 32 2. I'.icer 4(1 12 3. Xepean 40 2 An average yield of 44 bushels 21 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm fur the N. W. Territories, India.v Head, N.A\ .T. Per Acre. Per An.'. Bush. Lbs. Bush. Li.<. .... .53 II) 4. Danish Chevalier ,52 4 ... 53 11 5. Kinver Clievalier 51 2 ... 52 21 (1. Xewton 51 2 1. French Chev.dier. . . 2. Canadian Thorpe . . . 3. Beaver An average yield of 52 bushels 9 lbs. per acre. 9 Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Por Acre. Bu-fh. Lbs. 1. Kinver Cheval-er 40 40 2. Canadian Thorpe 37 4 3. French Chevalier 37 4 Per Acre. Bush. Um. Nepean 32 44 Prize Prolitic 32 24 12 G. Newton 31 An average yield of 35 bushels 13 lbs. per acre. The six varieties of two-rowed barley which have given the largest crops during 1897, taking the average of the results obtained on all the experi- mental farms are : — Pit Acre. Bush . Llw. 1. Neiiean 3!) 39 2. French Chevalier 38 42 3. Sidnej 38 30 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. Canadian Thorpe 38 28 5. Pacer 'M 37 6. Victor 37 34 An fiverage yield of 38 bushels 27 lbs. per acre. The average crop of all the varieties of two-rowed barley tested at each of the experimental farms was as follows : At Ottawa, 29 bush. 2 lbs. per acre ; Nappan, 34 bush. 41 lbs. ; Brandon, 34 bush. 44 lbs. ; Indian Head, 48 bush. 16 lbs,, and at Agassiz, 31 bush. 27 lbs. The average return given by the whole of the varieties at all the farms was 35 bush. 36 lbs. per acre. UNIFORM TEST PLOTS OF SIX-ROWED BARLEY. 1 Yield at tlic several Experimental Number of I) ;ivs NaniB of Variety. 1 arms, Season of l,s97 from Sowing to III irvesting. c C •I. y C 6 73 y, n <- C5 q JO rf VM 1 3 4- c ' g r t- HI X < > < 2 -H o ■a Q § C t 5=: h5 2 be < < J3 3 P4 & i 1-5 .a 3 i4 3 i J? in ft rri 1 Odessa . . . 54 50 3 40 46 44 12'40 8 29 30,68 6 38 33 36 36 12 48 42 27 2 87 86 86 8(i 96 103 90 104 112 107 96 9 Pioneer 97 3 Mensury 49 18 52 4 34 18i66 42 38 16 48 10 90 90 96 99 110 97 4 Trooper 48 41 40 .. 51 12^57 44 32 30 46 6 86 94 9(; 99 111 97 5 Roval 48 t) 48 16 25 2o;63 36 3() 22 44 20 85 85 95 99 107 94 6 Oderbruch 48 6 50 20 34 28 71 2 40 20 48 44 8() 90 95 99 102 94 7 Kennie'slmpr'v'd 4C. 2(5 40 40 42 34:68 6 37 24 47 1 8.") 86 951 100 102 94 8 Stella 45 25 38 36 33 26 58 16 34 8 42 3 81 94 102; 99 112 98 <) 10 Success 44 44 15 13 34 46 28 44 32 29 38 18 51 66 32 32 32 37 10 24 41 44 25 43 82 84 80 85 89 95 93 99 102 107 89 Vanguard 94 11 Petschora 43 36 45 20 35 40 70 38 36 46 36 84 84 104 99 102 95 12 13 Nugent 4.3 42 G 34 39 42 28 41 24 27 2 56 34 65 i2 40 35 42 20 43 44 4 12 90 84 94 88 96 '!<( 112 112 08 Blue Barley 93: KM) 95 14 Summit 41 37 38 36 50 1055 30 33 24 43 46 86 94 98 99 112 98 15 Plujenix 41 11 40 20 39 18'51 12 .^•< 16 41 5 85 85 96 1 KK) 102 94 Itj Excelsior 40 40 37 20 49 8157 34 ;«) 43 1 ,s5 90 90 100 1101 95 17 Champion 40 10 37 44 47 34 54 18 33 Ig 42 34 8() 85 90 100 102 93 18 Common 40 42 24 43 26 71 12 38 IG 47 (') 85 9<» 90 99 111' 95 19 20 Surprise 33 35 12 7 40 37 ..'38 20,32 4G'55 34(66 30 .'U 44 41 30|40 16 44 87 87 94 86 99 97 99 99 112 98 Baxter 32;32 1 105 1 95 'Hi '^s ^1 ,1 { , \^ tfli " 10 The six varieties of six-rowed barley which have given tlie largest crops at the several experimental farms during 1897 are the following: — 4. Trcojier. . . . r>. Itoy.'.l .. . G. Odcr'iruL'h . Per Aero. I'.ush. Lbs. . 48 41 . 48 (> . 48 )', Central Exphijimkntal Faum, Ottawa, 0:,t. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. O.lcssn f)4 3 2. I'iiiii.cr 50 10 3. Meiisuiy 4!) 18 An average crop of 49 bushels 43 )bs. per acre. Ex PKlil. MENTAL FaUM FOR THE ilARIUME PROVINCES, NapI'AN, N.S. Per Acre. Busli. Lbs. 1 . Monsnrv 52 4 2. Odcibnich 50 20 3. Royal 48 10 An average crop of 48 bushels 9 lbs. per acre. Per Acre. Bush. Ll». 4. "Vanguard 46 .S2 5. Ode.ssa 40 12 C. Pet.schora 45 20 Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. Per A.cre. Bush. Lbs. Trooper 51 12 Suniniit 50 10 Excelsior 49 8 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. Chaini)ion 47 34 5. Success 44 38 6. Common 43 26 Common 43 An average crop of 47 bushels 37 lbs. per acre Experimental Farm roit the N.W. Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Commf)u 71 12 2. Oderbruch 71 2 3. Petschora 70 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. Odessa 68 5. Retiuie's Improved 68 6. Mensury 66 r, (•> 42 An average crop of G9 bushels 11 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Bush. Lba. 1. BhieP.nrh>y 42 24 2. Oderbnich 40 20 3. Petschora 38 36 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. ]VIen>ury 38 16 5. Common 38 16 6. Vanguard 37 24 An average crop of 39 bushels 15 lbs. per acre. The six varieties of six-rowed barley which have given the largest crops during 1897, taking the average of the results obtained on all the experi- mental farms, are : — Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Oderbruch 48 44 2. Od.'s>;. 48 27 3. Mensurv 48 10 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 4. Rennie's Improved 47 7 5. Common 47 6 6. Petscliora. . . . . 46 3(1 An average crop of 47 bushels 38 lbs. per acre. The average crop of all the varieties of six-rowed barley tested at each of the experimental farms was as follows: At Ottawa, 44 bush. 17 lbs. per acre; Nappan, 42 bush. 10 lbs.; Brandon, 38 bush. 29 lbs.: Indian Head, 61 bush. 16 lbs., and at Agassiz, 35 bush. 26 lbs. The average return given by the whole of the varieties at all the farms was 44 bush. 22 lbs, per o acre 11 SPRING WHEAT. The uniform test plots of spring wlioat for 1S97 have included tliirty- eic^ht varieties. Among these there were seventeen cross-bred sorts v/hich liave been produced at the experimental farms. These are Huron, Advance, Blenheim, Preston, DulFerin, Countess, Dawn, Rideau, Crown, Progress, Stanley, Admiral, Alpha, Vernon, Captor, Percy and Beauty. The size of the plots in each case wa'* the same as those of the oats, and the quantity of sfed sown was in the proportion of one and one-half bushels per acre. The dates of sowing were the following : — At Ottawa, 29th and 30th April ; Xappan, lOih and 11th jNIay ; Brandon, 26th April; Indian Head, 24th April, and at Agassiz, 14th April. UNIFORM TEST PLOTS OF SPRING WHEAT. Name of Variety. Yield of tlie several Experimental ]''arms, Se^isou of 181)7. O 72 'A c si "13 J? 35 i-^:W 1-5 o K'^. a 3 — :q 1-4 IWellman's Fife.. 124 2: White Fife ... .2.3 3 Colorado 22 4' Monarch 22 .') Rio Grande ... 22 G White Gonnell. . . 21 7;01d Red River. . . 21 SiHuron 21 9 Advance 20 10 White Russian. . . 20 ir Hungarian 20 13j Blenheim 20 i;5' Preston 20 HJDufferin jl!) lok^ountesa 115) 16 17 18 1!) 20 21 Dawn 19 Rideau Il9 Crown ....... |1!) Goose 19 Red P'ife 19 Prin^le's Cliam- plain 19 22 Progress LS 2;i Stanley jlS 24 Admiral 17 2.")i Alpha 17 2()j Vernon Id 27 Captor 1 1 G 2.S Percy 10 29 Campbell's White Chaflf 10 30 Black Sea 1.5 •M (ioldenDrop .... 15 '■^'2 Ladoga 14 .a Beauty 14 ■M Reaudry 14 3.5 Herisson Bearded 18 30 Red Fern .. . . Il2 37 Dion's. jl2 38iEniporium ilO 55 30 ."i'lS 15 23 7 23 . . '27 30 28 27 21 ..23 40 20 35 20 20 20 17 21 10 20 55 22 5517 .^)5 22 55 18 45|22 15120 15 21 20 32 20 40 20,28 20 34 40 27 20 32 . . 2() 20 22 40 30 40 30 40 30 ..31 10 .30 10 50 50 39 55 19 18 25 25 23 23 22 17 40 40 40 40 20 20 40 27 24 24 20 20 33 •2() ;i5 31 23 22 30 29 31 22 30 30 30 30 50 40 20 10 20 10 30 10 40 20 30 20 .30 30 40 10 40 40 3 M 37 •!5 25 35 31 35 30 37 33 31 42 30 30 29 40 35 30 35 27 37 37 37 a < 31 40 37 39 30 38 1-4 50 30 20 40 20 50 50 50 30 io 20 io 40 10 50 10 50 io 20 3 S- C a: 0)" Number of I)ays from Sowing to Harvesting. 31 29 23 30 2(! 31 29 27 1-4 M 20 31 20 29 20 24 40 29 . . 27 40 29 20 21 ..122 5518 35:23 ..20 50'22 69! 20 50'20 21122 20128 40 23 .. 34 .. 24 20 22 20 29 25 i 29 20 31 40 40 30 32 .30 .30 10 31 20 '..'S 30 33 40 30 80 39 10 38 20 27 . . 30 40 .30 40 10 40 20 10 .30 20 30 28 27 31 23 27 25 29 20 28 29 27 28 25 28 30 28 30 27 20 27 27 25 24 27 28 25 20 20 20 27 29 28 20 20 . . '28 20 23 20:25 . . 25 .. 25 ..27 2025 40 28 4oeo 40 -'4 40 20 20 40 40 40 20 24 28 27 27 25 26 24 23 25 22 23 25 25 20 23 25 23 21 29 5 2 54 55 12 44 5 14 7 8 57 47 35 57 17 35 37 40 17 30 18 30 44 38 8 48 45 52 15 37 20 48 36 50 'A rt X 102 100 94 102 101 102 102 90 90 101 98 98 98 95 95 95 95 9(; 99 102 9 99 98 100 99 101 98 98 100 90 90 90 101 90 98 101 101 101 << c3 c 108 113 107 111 113 111 111 111 100 113 113 113 100 109 113 109 109 111 107 113 111 113 100 110 liiO 109 113 111 107 109 100 105 113 111 109 107 111 111 119 115 110^ no 111 119 114 112 112 115 110 112 110 113 112 109 115 110' 110 1151 *> rf O -M N 7. f/. til « >> >j rt rt a Q 120 1251 120 12ii| 120 12r> 120 12(i 120 119 125 120 119 120 125 125 119 119 119 119 125 125 115 119 110 119 112 122 115 119 112 119 109 125 llOi 119 112 119 113 110 120 119 112 120 110| 128 119 128 120 125 125 120 114 110 111 115 115 110 110 110 113 110 115 117 110 113 113 110 113 115 113 113 112 1(19 111 112 115 115 114 115 112 113 111 114 li;i 111 113 109 111 ^20 " .") 125 120 12ti 120 125 123 120 120 121 121 121 113 117 120 120 121 120 12li 121 121 121 120 117 115 121 112 117! 114! Ill 112 121 125 125 120 126 112 113 114 115 116 116 li , I '■< i PI ° '" f -^ I: . \ TW 12 The twelve varieties of spring wheat wliich have given the largest crops at the several experimental farms during 1897 are the following : — • CKNTRAIi EXPEBIMKXTAL FaUM, C)TTAWA, OnT. 1 Wf.'lhnan's Fii'i' . . White Fife Colorado Monarch Rio ( irandc Per A Bush. ... 24 28 22 22 . ... 22 kcrc. Lbs. 55 5 15 7 30 7. 8. it. 10. 11. 12. Old Red River . . Per Aero. Bush. Lbs 21 27 9. Huron 21 3. 4. 5 Advance White Russiiin Hungarian 20 40 . . .. 20 35 20 20 6. WliiteConiidl 21 Blenheim 20 17 An average crop of 21 bushels 41 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for the Maritime Provixces, Nappan, N.S. 1. Wellman'.s I'ife. Per Bvsl 30 28 27 2(5 . . . . 20 Acre. 1. Lbs. 20 20 40 40 40 40 7. White Russian . . . Per Bus! 20 Acre. . Lbs 40 2. WhiteConn.il. . . . 3. Rio Grande 8. Preston 9. Dion's 20 20 20 4. Advance 5. Goose . . 10. Stanley 11. Admiral 12. Vernon 25 25 23 40 6. Red Fern 2(5 20 An average crop of 2G bushels 37 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. Per Acre. Bush, Lbs. White Fife 40 30 White Russian 30 20 Red Fife 35 20 Golden Drop 34 10 Monarch 34 — Crown 33 — Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. White Connell .32 8. Wellman's Fi fe .32 9. Blenheim 31 10. Vernon 31 11. Pringle's Chaui[ilain 31 12. Emporium ... 31 40 :«) SO 10 An average crop of 33 bushels 36 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for the N. W. Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Hungarian 42 2. Countess 40 3. Admiral 40 4. Vernon 3!) 5. Herisson Bearded 3',) 6. Percy 38 20 10 40 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. Red Fern 38 .30 8. Wellman's Fife 37 50 9. Progress 37 oO 10. Red Fife .37 50 11. Alpha 37 20 12. Prmgle's Champlain 37 10 An average crop of 38 bushels 48 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs, 1. White Connell 31 2. Wellman's Fife 31 3. Preston 31 4. Captor .'^O 5. Monareli 30 6. Alph.t. 30 — 40 7. 20 8. 40 10. 40 n. — 12. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. White Russian 30 — 8. Red Fife 2i» 40 Wliice Fife 20 20 Old Red River 2!) 20 Rideau 29 — Herisson Bearded ... 28 40 An aveiage crop of 30 bushels 7 lbs. per acre. nr.^ 13 The twelve varieties of spring wheat which have given the largest crops, taking the average of the results obtained at all the experimental farms are : — Per Acre. I5u»h. Lbs. 1 . Wellman'b Fife .SI 23 2. White Coniidl 2!t 54 A White Fife 211 21 4. Monarch 211 5 i>. White Russiiin 21» .'5 (1 Herisson Bearded 28 40 7. Red Fife 8. Admiral 28 9. lliiii^'ariaii 28 10. Preston 28 11. Advance 27 12. Vernon 27 Per Acre. LuhIi. Lbfl. 28 37 18 14 8 44 44 An average crop of 28 bushels 51 lbs. per acre. The average crop of all the varieties of spring wheat tested at each of the exp..rimental farms was as follows ; — At Ottawa, 18 bush. 22 lbs. per acre ; Nappan, 22 bush. 45 lbs. ; Brandon, 28 bush. 44 lbs. ; Inrlian Head, .'M hush. 47 lbs., and at Agassiz, 27 bush. 35 lbs. The average return given by the whole of the varieties of spring wheat at all the farms was 20 bushels 27 lbs. per acre. PEASE. The trial plots of pease during the past season have included forty varie- ties. Among these there are twenty of the cross-bred sorts which have been originated at the experimental farms. These are Arthur, King, ^lacoun, Perth, Victoria, Vincent, Carleton, Alma, Agnes, Kent, Duke, Nelson, Paragon, Bedford, Bruce, Bright, Archer, Mackay, Trilby, Prince. These were all sown in plots of one-tenth acre each at Brandon and Indian Head, and one-twentieth acre each at Ottawa, Nappan and Agassiz, and the quan- tity of seed used per acre has varied from two to tliree bushels, depending on the size of the pea. The dates of sowing were the following: — At Ottawa, 3rd and 4th May ; Nappan, IGth May ; Brandon, 17th April, Indian Head, Gth May, and at Agassiz, 1st May. n • f :.4 V. ' ' Mv ^v : « F7 14 UNIFORM TERT PLOTS OB' PEASE. Yield at the several E.xj)priuiental Number of Days 1" iirnis, Season jf 1807. from Sowing to Harvesting. C -"" -- - _- 1 ■-- . Naiuo of Viirioty. C 'X 2 ^ c3 X ■w 5 m ^ c 5 ::: s t\:2 ( cf g § _s: N %-z r -5 A 71 f/J to > V S ^ 2 J/5 'A r" V p."! M < < O m >-K -t, -< ^ ja ^ pci ja pd if. A ■/ ■Si 3 i 3 ,s '^ s sq .S'S JS ig h 05 :? S s c- ^ i:;^ uj M P.M H4M \A w h5 ^ u M 'A ^■« 1 Canadian P.oanty 31 50 10 30 20 29 27 20 26 54 112 116 131 111 114 117 2 OddMluw 30 30 28 40 2it 20 27 23 27 42 95 116 131 105 116 li;{ 3 Artlnir 30 20 13 20 2!l 30 34 10 28 20 27 8 95 104 125 109 115 no 4 Crw^por 2!) 40 22 40 36 40;{0 50 25 20 29 2 109 116 131 111 104 114 6 King 2it 35 31 40 42 40 28 40 31 20 32 47 109 116 131 111 107| 115 G Maco\in. . 27 40 1(5 40 25 . . 32 20 24 25 8 119 123 140 112 114' 122 7 Prussian PjIiic . . . 27 20 30 . . 35 . . i24 30 24 40 28 18 100 120 131 110 114 115 S Princtt Albeit. . . . 27 5 22 20 32 . '34 40 26 28 25 117 123 141 110 114 121 !• Crown 2() 20 50 40 35 19 ..33 40 32 20 32 . 22 50 13 21 20 40 28 24 20 20 103 98 104 111 125 130 110 105 lOs 105 110 10 riarrison's Glui'v. 11(1 11 Early IJritain 2(1 30 50 . . 2(i 40 28 24 20 31 6 95 100 125 105 105 los 12 Pm-th 20 20 31 40 24 40 20 30 23 , , 27 ') 108 109 131 109 107 lin la Victoria 20 22 . . 35 20 33 24 28 4 118 123 135 110 103 UK 14 Vincunt 25 or, 50 40 20 26 20 22 40 26 . . 131 40 36 40 :W ..34 40 .Ti 40 40 20 28 23 19 40 40 27 27 27 4)) 20 107 107 115 116 100 116 130 140 131 110 110 112 1(»7 115 105 114 15 ( 'arl(*ton. . ... iii; 16 Now I'oUur 25 in; 17 Alma 25 22 ..40 40 30 30 20 20 27 42 109 104 131 109 116 114 18 A;,'nes ; . . 24 45 11 20 32 . . 24 GO 14 40 21 31 98 111 130 109 105 111 111 Elt'|)iiant lilue. . . 24 40 24 40 34 . . 125 50 23 20 26 30 97 HI 125 105 116 111 'J(» Kent 24 30 15 . . 34 . . '26 30 24 40 24 56 114 120 131 110 114 lis 21 Dnk." 24 3(( 2() 40 27 . . 28 20 23 40 26 2 111 123 140 109 115 120 22 Black Eyi'd Mar- i t rowfat 24 20 16 40 20 20 28 50 16 40 23 10 108 111 131 111 114 II.'. 2:? Mnnmiy 23 50 1(5 40 37 40j2S 60 22 , 25 4^ 95 104 130 110 106 109 24 Nflson 23 45 23 20 2() 40 29 40 29 20 26 33 95 111 128 105 116 111 25 l'arap)n 22 50 If) 40 2(; 40 20 30 22 40 23 40 117 120 142 110 107 Hit a; Bedford 22 22 50 17 30 20 10 . . 34 . . 27 28 20 40 25 23 20 20 26 27 34 3() 118 93 127 109 142 115 112 103 115 116 Y.'W 27 Chancellor 107 28 Bruce 21 21 30 22 18 20 40 21 20;27 26 20,30 10 22 16 40 20 23 22 28 108 106 120 120 142 138 110 111 114 114 119 2!) Multi|)lier. . .. 118 30 (lolden Vino 20 50 16 34 . . 34 10 20 20 25 4 106 116 125 110 105 112 31 Large White Mar- 1 rowfat 20 30 20 4022 40 31 50 24 40 24 4 100 120 13.5 112 116 117 X> I'right 20 "0 2ti 20 26 31 24 40 37 20 40 40;?5 40 35 ..,36 ..,34 . '30 40 17 10 20 20 :-io 56 12 46 117 109 106 127 142 112 111 109 116 114 105 1:^". 38 Centennial . , . 40 28 40 28 123 127 131 131 n.s 34 Archer 20 116 35 M.aekay 17 40 18 20 35 ..123 20 17 40 22 24 102 120 131 110 114 115 3(1 Trill)/ 15 40 22 20 38 20 31 50 20 . . 25 38 118 123 131 110 116 120 37 I'riiiee 15 14 1!) 11 20 33 20 27 2025 20 :U 30 20 10 16 .. 22 20 20 50 14 106 93 120 104 131 ; 123 111 107 114 103 no 38 Dan'lO'Rourke.. 106 3tl White Wonder . . 5 23 20 34 40 30 10 23 40 24 11 93 109 123 106 105 107 40 Pride 7 40 21 40 31 40 2!) 5016 20 21 2( 94 120 124 109 104 ! 110 ' i 1 1 1 i The twelve varieties of pease which have given the largest crops at the several experimental farms during 1897, are the following : — Centhal Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. 1. Canadian Beauty ... 31 2. Oddfellow . ..'. 30 3. Arthur 30 4. Creeper 29 B. King 29 6. Macouu 27 An average crop of "28 bushels 22 lbs. per acre Per Acre. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. Bush. Lbs. Prussian Blue 27 20 Prince Albert 27 5 Crown 2(! 50 Harrison's ( ilory 26 40 Earlv Britain 2(i 30 Perth 26 20 50 30 20 40 35 40 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 1" 15 EXPKKIMKNTAL FaHM FOU TlIK MaUITIMK PhOVINCKS, N.\ri'AN, N.S, Per Acn.. Buiiii. Lbs. Kiirly Britain 50 Cniwii , , . 35 rerth 31 40 Ccntenniiil 31 40 King 31 40 Chancellor 30 l'( r Aero. Bush. l.l,s. 7. Pnissiin Blue 30 8. OddlVlhiw 1!S 40 •J. liriuht 2tl 40 10, Duki' I-M; 40 n. Vinc<:nt '2i\ 40 12. Elui)hant Blue LU 40 An average crop of 31 bushels 7 lbs. per acre. ExPKUiMKNTAL Farm FOR INIanitoha, Buandon, Max. Pjt Acre. Bush. Ll)8. King 42 40 Alma 40 40 I'.f^dford 40 Trilby 38 20 Muiiiinv 37 4'> Bright." 37 20 An average crop of 37 bushels 40 lbs. per ivu-e. Per Bush 7. Carlcton of. 8. Cn.M'iKT 3ti 9. ArchiT 3(i 10. Ccntiiiiiial 3;") 11. Victiiria 35 12. Macl Acre. . Lbs. 40 40 40 20 Experlmental Farm fob the N.W. Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Busii, Lbs. 1. Bright 40 2. Centennial .S;") 40 3: Prince Alburt 34 40 4. (Joldor Vino 34 10 5. Daniel O'Kourke 34 10 ti. Arthur 34 10 Pit Acre. I'.usli. Lbs. 7. New PottiT .S3 20 8. Victoria 33 0. Crown 32 fiO 10. Macoiin . 32 20 11. La rt,'o White Marrowfat .... 31 50 12. Trilby 31 50 An average crop of 34 bushels per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. King 31 20 2. Ikight .30 20 .3. Archer 2H 40 4. Nelson 20 20 n. Vineenl 2S 40 (i. Arthur 28 20 Per Acre. Bush. LV)s. 7. Canadian Bcautv 27 20 8. Prince Albert. . ' 2r. !). Creeiier lT. 2o 10. Bedford 25 20 11. Prussian Blue 24 40 12. Kent 24 40 An average crop of 27 bushels 35 lbs. per acre. The twelve varieties which have given the largest crops, taking the average results obtained at all the experimental farms are the following : — Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. King 32 47 2. Early Britain 31 6 3. Bright 30 5G 4. Creeper 29 2 5. Archer 28 40 (3. Prince Albert 28 25 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. Crown .. 28 20 8. Prussian Bhic 28 18 9. Ceuti-nnial 28 12 10. Victoria 28 4 11. Vincent 27 40 12. Alma 27 42 An average crop of 29 bushels 7 lbs. per acre. The average crop of all the varieties of pease tested at each of the experi- mental farms was as follows : — At Ottawa, 23 bush. 15 lbs. per acre ; Nap pan, 22 bush. 38 lbs. ; Brandon, 31 bush. 53 lbs ; Indian Head, 30 bush. 4 lbs., and at Agassiz, 22 bush. 44 lbs. Tlie average return given by tho whole of the varieties at all the farms is 26 bushels 7 lbs. per acre. '1 1^ V i '* ' I'' J (1 II s? 16 INDFAN CORN. Twenty-four varieties of Indian corn have been under trial during 1897, all planted on uniform soil in rows three feet apart and the plants thinned out to six or eight inches apart in the row. The dates of planting were the following : — At Ottawa, 2Dth May; Nappan, 4th June; Brandon, 19th May ; Indian Head, 19th May, and at Agassiz, from 18th May to ht June. All were cut green and put into the silo for the winter feeding of stock. The dates of cuttipg were ; — At Ottawa, 17th September ; Nappan, Srd Octobei- ; Brandon, 28th August ; Indian Head, 4th September, and at Agassiz, 28th September. The yield per acre has been calculated in each case from the weight obtained from two rows each G6 feet long. UNIFORM TP:ST PLOTS OF INDIAN CORN. N.aiiu' (if N'lU'iftv. I 55 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 l(') 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Yield at the Several Expeiiiin'iital Farms— Season of 1897. Ottawa, Out. Nappan, '. lirandon, Pons. Ijbs. Sclectnd Lcainin^ ( ; iaiit 1 'rolificKnailage (JlomTs I'larly Yelluw Red Cob Ensilage Cuban Giant Rnral Tlioroui^libred White Flint.' . Champion White Pearl North Dakota White, Manim. 8 rowed Flint Ninety-day Longfellow Pride of the North . . . North Dakota Yellow Early Butler. . . . Sanford E.Ktra Ey Hiiron Dent Compton's Early .... Angel of Midnight. . . White Cap Yellow Dent Canada White Flint King of the Earliest . Pearce's Prolific MitcheH'sExtra Early Mamtn. Sweet Fodder 36 3G 32 30 26 26 25 2.5 24 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 1' •>i 1,200 1,062 416 1,512 800 767 556 292 708 9'.)2 1,870 1,804 165 1,2! 16 1,164 1,97() 1,!I7(! Tons. Lbs. 13 4 9 13 8 11 7 13 5 11 6 5 6 11 6 10 Tons. Lbs. 400 13 2.50 13 1,470 16 5(K) Ki 1,270 17 870 16 19 11 16 11 11 11 1,580 10 19 18 17 17 16 13 1,290 1,818 9S0 848 736 1,720 1,400 400 340 550 870 1,000 11 l,970il8 440 9 87012 460' 14 240 19 150]15 1,800,10 700il4 870J 9 800 13 400 400 1,000 ]00 1,200 100 1,600 1^666 1,760 1,100 Indian Mead. N. W. T, Ag.issiz, B. C. Tons. Lbs. 10 16 14 12 15 Tons. Lbs. 1,450 43 450 32 50 24 1.300 43 250i42 Average of all farms. Tons. Lbs. 900 23 350:20 400|19 900 1 23 700 22 8 1,600|29 11 12' 11 12 13 12 1,400 13 1,800 15 1,300 11 1,700;11 1,60010 i.soo'ii 900 i 12 600 11 700:12 400112 1,650:27 .34 1,200,35 1,650 29 20019 950 14 7.5016 1,17037 1,900 22 900|... 1,87018 900 33 1,100120 1,850117 .. |31 200 28 1,30014 i26 17 19 300 780 200 19 9,50 20 ,400,16 610 15 ,810 13 780 13 19 16 12 15 18 800 1,840 80015 l,860il4 70016 10014 .50|12 800 20 882 902 ocr 462 44 117 973 5S2 828 866 1,487 939 1,327 261 1,761 769 i,6(;4 62S 46 1,396 1,314 257 260 The test of varieties in this case was not quite complete. The Mam- moth Sweet Fodder was omitted at Nappan, Brandon and Indian Head. The Nortli Dakota White was also omitted at Indian Head and the Extra Earlv Huron Dent at Agassiz for the reason that the seed did not arrive in time for planting. ■m. 17 The six varioties of Indian corn which have ;,dvtMi the hfavieat crops lit the SHveral expuriinental farms during 18!)7, aio tho following ; — Ckntual Exi'krimkxtal Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Per Aero. Tons. Lbs. 1. .Sflfcted fiPainiiig ;«'> l-'Od 2. (iiiiiit I'rolific I'liisiliipro 'M> \'»'>2 :?. Cloiid'-s Eiirly Yellow. . ,. :« .JIG ■I. Keel f'ol) I'^n.'-ihino . . . f). (Julian (Jiiviit G. 'l'huroiif,'iihred VViiitf I'Miiit., Pit Aero. T..M.. J.llS. . :;(! i.M-j . jCi SOI) . 'M 7(17 An avorage crop of 31 ti>n>< 969 lbs. per aero. KxPKRIMKNTAr- FaUM FOR TIIK MARITIMIi FrOVINCKS, NaPPAN, N.S. l'(T IICI''. Tons. U.S. 1. Coinpton's Earlv 11 1100 2. Simford : 11 110 ,'i. Lungfellow 11 I'l-r Acre, 'i'ons. Lbs. 4. Early BnrUr lo 1(170 5. Angel of M idni^riit 10 1150 6. Cloud's Kail V Villow lo 1;M() An average crop of 1 1 tons per acre. Eapkrimental Farm for Manitoba, Ri.-ando.v, Man. I'cr acre. Tons. Jibs. 1. Chatnijion White Pearl 19 Kloo 2. Angel of Midnight Ill ICOO X Early Butler 18 1400 Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. 4. CuhanOiant 17 12(X) 5. Mammoth S-rowt>d Flint Id looo 6. Cloud's Kiirlv Yellow 1(5 KJdO An average crop of 18 tons 300 lbs. per ' roots were pulled were the following: — At Ottawa, 1 .'kh and 1 1th October ; Nappan, I 1th and 18th C)ctol)er ; lirandon, 1st October ; Indian Head, 5th Ocloljcr, and at Agassiz, 18th October. The yield per acre in each case has been calculatoil from the weight of roots gathered from two rows each, 66 feet long. "A ■>* 'A 1!» a! •O be B fl t 2 H32 f ?-^i^ ;if ^?7?L C —■ 1-.' ^' r^ r-' r-' .-i ^ ^ ,^ ^^ i 15 K -A _.52 T, p, c'l ?i ?. Ti M ?i ?i 7-1 r. r. vi ?i " V, '1 ?i « be j6 £. -f ..-. s a zi ::• :: r^ u i • « :^ ;i '-- « r. i K S I.-: .15 S 3 5r ^ jl t1 l: fi f. T. i -• r! - r m a hj < fcS g5?^^i?it-a^f I' tr. liilllli d ,-H ,-<.-H.-H ^HF-^r-( — 02 '■^?; C i2 ^ »»> 1^ -f ift o •»• f f i 1.5 "f 1 . -r T 1.*. -f f ct ^ r^ ^ » •— ' V V 1 t . *. »— t ^^ ^ T c/j — V .- - f-H rH »H r-< i-H f^ *-< < = «• «' C/^M a i *5 f2 © t~ Ci « « f «i ^ S3 'i X M O "5 •■^ =» 1 - '- •>f 1.* f Iff 1."^ I* 2 1^ i.-i 1^ i-i l.-f l* 1.^ -r iT •« "T iS i c -/: -r X ^ -c r •*• J 1 ■— X X » * 1 ? c -»• ? 3 -r t£ o< •- ?. X -.r r- 1 - •* tt 1^ «^ '?^ — - ■^' * M '.-; cc 03 r- -T « lO -.i fi c/, -;^* <->, -r 'JO ^ iiil i (<^< E^ oa!©i-«caot»«ot-i-c c ©ojwcc'.ooo i-< f— 1 i-« ^ i. .-r -^ •£ r-5 ?5 'L ~i;,ix -iS "--?-' c.*.:^ 1 S! e<» JS Oi'- c^-r «a t :o iS rt T m_^^_is ^_^iiM i-.Ti ' B 6'"' hJ « c S? K 1 ^ KJ! 4- ' £ (^ oot-i-««e»eO'MO«C'»'»05tDt-.'*'»'t>. -r © 1" -.r CI Ti -^ o r X - •: 1 -M o c -t f 00 ui t -r t- r. CI .^ i ?i cc ^; i- 11 3 * C) Ti ?5 •>i'_^-4' 1- ir5 r^^ J X c^iir: « — r-^ s-^r-j^x^'r f i- fle<5 d 1-3 t: o (^ p- *^H 1— < rHf— trHf-HiHrHr^f-Hf-H ■«! 00 -- C. I- '.O X O !0 t- ■ij i X .— < .—1 X » Oi X X «© •t c^>) © ox © fix -c X X •* -o X 'Ti r v: T a^ cn ;3 © « 1 - X 6 ?! ^ fl 1-. X r; :- r. lO M -r r-n ^ X t'. lo -.f ©_ 'T e^ M cs_ T !.•._ T 1^ X «« •^ CM © 2 & >, rHf-HTHrH»H t— *»-H«— if-H i-^ fC ^1 1 r5'*'t'-«0>«a>©XO»Oir.XOOXr-CO>l-- 1 »^ T-< FM 1 _• r-i $ X o S5 1^ o6 i- ir; S x jt. t- ^ i.- x - o 1 • 00 ^ m f-^r-i rH »— < T— tf-^rHrHr- 1 »™( ^ c a W2 3 as 1 ►-5 Min-^rH'fOiW'triTfir-ncx ©•*in-«"* i rf C-J M ?! ■M -1 P4 SM ^ (N CI irj f 1 n 74 M iM I-J Hi 'Sf/SlS'Sgf^xi-S-i a J'*' ■f lO c o ov^w S^x__i^:_^ X C;,$,'-o cc «_^in i-^e^ 03 k ® f-J' I^ i-4"r-ri-H i-h"^ i-T r-T ^ 5 OC ^^>? a ?c ?^ s ?; '^ ?; ;fT-^ vt ^ ^ '^ ^ c? !^'5 s? ?i ?? , 1^ E^i5:i^'5Sl2Sg'.*2SiSl8^.S3 t-o: M xx_^3>d6x ec^^ iaoji-05^ imxm^ rH r^ rH i— » i— i rH <» ^ >•> 1 ^^ 1 f!*. ^■5 ?. '^ ^ ^ S ???,??§§ J5 V5 fcr ?5 ?3 ?; Sr^l B * J o c i~ 1- o 1- © 1.": c o o © u5 © Q 1- - i.i © 1- «:> ^ © o r- M « 1 , — . «5 © X -r c r-i rH^t- cn o^S X Ov*^.^' ~v '■'^^'' «5 ri^ c<; c<:_-<5 o ^1 <]i ^ 55=?5!§55^^§?j?igjgiS§i$;j:;p5^ i j 'A :S : a< C C r-C-l > ®t- IC e 2 ■^ • Q. 1) c 2 r I 1 < i g-^-s E§ «* ^ ^ < < i < 3 i « 5 •J aquiti|,j rHC^lO-t iftOh- X O © ri IM rH r- -; — /. R T. ifj i y, •« X Ti 2 . fcti tr = J. •7 be fct' i fl r 2 i?< .•>'.: .; 2 -i ce 5« 4J 15 a V a. X ^1 2,3 s'b" l.f U3 I ^ o N CO i "^ n ^ (H (rt M^ a -^ S.S CO I'. fcb 11 X ci o e^ cj • fH V rH ?5 ir; r-. o ?5.* i.-:oo> rn' rn'rHrH o 10 ■^ 43 C X I, X 'f X 2 n MlNCMC^ •-d a. « d Q 3 rrt .L3 : t at eiu^ii of til)' oxpciiiiK^tital faniiH, liaH givtMi the larj^or crop uxcoptiiig at TrKJiaii Head. Tlio avcra;,'*) of all the Howitij^s at all the farms hIjow 3 loriw 1,871 ib^. per acre more from the flrst sowinj,' than from the m'con'l. The nix varieties of turnips which have given the h(!avi(mt crops at the several cxpcriirieiil.il farms during,' the season of 1897, are the foUosviny. ^Vln'rl' not otiioi wise stated the quantities given are all from the early 8own plots ; Centiial ExPKRiMUNTAr. Faum, Ottawa, Ont. Pit Acre. Por Acrw TollH. IJw. ToIlH. f.l.x. 1. Rhamn.ck Purple Top. ., 4» MOO 4. (iiiint Kitiff 11 n 2. Sclcctod Purple Top 44 770 5. ManpiiH of Lorni', 40 l.MO 8. Porfcction Swj'do A2 l,'X,', 0. Juinooor Moiuvrcli 40 'Mb An average crop of 42 tons 709 Iba. per acre. EXPKRIMKNTAL FaRM FOR THR MarITIMK PrOVINCRS, NaPPAN, N.S. Per Aero. Per .Aero. TouH. U.S. Tons. I,l)a. 1. Shamrock Purplfi Top 37 480 4. Pfrfection Swede, 2nd Mowing 31 1,S40 2. llahnvood'H Bronze Top 36 200 .5. Hkirvinps 31 :}l!0 8. Hart IcyV Bronze 32 600 6. East Lotliinn 30 SCO An average crop of 33 tons 373 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. Per Acre. Por Aim. Tons. Lbs. Tons. Lhs. 1. Hall's Wostbury 11 1,232 4. Shamrock Purple Ti ip 9 1,S(io 2. Halewood's Bronze Top 11 440 5. Prize Purjile Top 9 I,.".;;!} 3. Mammoth Clyde 10 328 6. Marquis of Lome . 9 1.0i)8 An average crop of 10 tons 724 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for the N.W. Territoriks, Indian Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Per Aeif. Tons. Lbs. Tons. LI is. 1. Prize Purple Top, 2nd sowing. 10 1,648 4. Hull's Westbury, 2nd sowing. 10 2(iS 2. Hartley's Bronze, 2nd sow- 5. Perfection Swede, 2nd sow- ing 10 856 ing 10 04 8. Shamrock Purj.le Top, 2nd 6. Skirvings, 2nd sowing 9 1,932 sowing 10 460 An average crop of 10 tons 538 lbs per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. Tons. Lbs. 1. Prize Winner '"'6 1,555 4. Selected Purple Top 57 4S 2. Eiwt Lotliian, 2nd sowing. . . 60 384 5. Halewood's Bronze Top 56 200 3. Prize i'urple Top, 2nd sow- ing 58 1,040 6. Hartley's Bronze 55 880 An average crop of 59 tons 18 lb.s. per acre. SI Tho nix vurirtit's of turnips which Imvo pKxhicod tho hoaviost crops, tuk iig thr avi-ia^'tt v)t' tlic rt;Niilts nl)tiiii>o(l til till tlm cxporiiueiital farms, IIP' the followiui; :— Pur A(Ti'. 'I'dnH. Llm, 1. IVi/,.' Winner ... 1«> l,4;in, 1 Ith and li")lli Octohcr; Jhiin(h>n, iSOth Sfplcniljcr ; Indian lload, 4th Otiobor; and at AtjMssi/, 15th October. Tho yicOd |>or aero in each caso has Iwon calculated from tlie weight of roots gathered from two rowa oucli GO feet IT 41 ^ >4 1 ;■ ,_■»■ ■ri i[. It III I- T''.wr 22 /i .J" O 03 H O H O , i: . • ir; cc •V C S 1 - 7 © © X — X C ?7 CO X o 1 -a tc ;3 rH f— 1 C C' C^ V: C 1 1 - '^ ' " 1 - ^. -^ X CO o^cc -x^ci -^^iO (- ir: x -r cc ci -•^■^ cc ?is. 1^ c c a c -r 1^ T~^ ^H ^"1 r^ I"** f* ^^ > ^ rH ^^ r^ r^ Ui .^? •3 ^'xh e2 IM Cl C-) — tl r-. ?! T 1 ^ — -M ^ 71 >- I^ »-J 2S c-i ^ ^; •- 1- c ;'". :". 1 - -^ 1 - >: ~. -r - -p •n< CO lO X c -r © t£ -r .': •-: 1- c I- ir — x x --i 71 01 (MO '-<,x Oi M -x 1 - ~. C5 ^ a: X c 1.-. t-. 0__05 ^ i-Tr-tr^i--" r-T »-> T-lr-Jr-T r-T i-T 1 i^ C C/i ^ C-. «C 5) -* M 71 r-l -f -r M C5 f X -r -r © — 1-c CO © 1-1 rH od to CO r-l © CI © 1- X rH CO •© tji '-0 P CO Xi •75 »-^r-71^^ —-,—.,— r.j-Hr-i'-^ ■ 71 cc 7 71 •* © X -f 71 © 71 airf- Cr 71 -T X © ! 1 ^ iS t-. r7 X X © 1^ t- ©. © 71 C :'. © X •t- c^ t-3 CO I- 10 © -l- © tH CO X ■* ■<»' X__© f ■©^ 1 rt ^ » r-'' iH r-T r-T a3 ll 'J. % p^ IM -f — t- l.T© CO © ^ © 0> CO ■* 00 •O C-l CM r- 71 r- -- 74 71 rt 74 rt 71 1- r- ^ rt ■74 C c©s© •©©©©©©© = © O ^ CO©-r71©© 71XX'r71-ff~71 x^© ©irr^T-r-*^ • cox COC074COCOO ■e? t/i J: D ^-< — rH i-^ f— t 1 r-T r-i' r-T i-T o C K J^ 02 3 1 m CO I- © © CO CO i-l'r74COrHXCOO© ■ CO _ 71 — 8s 71 r-i 74 74 74 — 71 71 74 1— 71 71 i-H ■74 ssss xS©x7iC'^'r g fl ^ ■* '^1-,— „'^,^^ 71 COO 71 1-7M i;: X ;-^ u^ e! ? 53 r^ r- 1 I— ( rH Y- ^1 r/: C 1-5 f2 Tf ;c CO m i^ © CO 71 7<1 71 71 IM ©lO--©t^©TfC0© ^5? o © 71 71 71 71 71 74 71 CO CO C O 1.0 — 10 © l.O 1.0 © © r^ © © 1 -*• r: © x J ©CO CO CO •* © ■^ © X i.0_ X CO t - © 71 X l~ 74 COrH »^ »-4"r-^ f- T— ' ^- I— < O 1 t-lOXT-lOOCCO'-XCOOlOr-lt^©© © o cf CO C5 71 71 7-1 7^ 71 71 71 74 7 1 71 7J 71 rH r-i •— < T— 4 . © lO O © O © 1.0 lO © 1.0 1.0 o c c © o © -J t iS © CO a' rH ,-1 O O © 1.0 CO 'M.O © X_^CO_^© ©__© 00 t>. ©__■<»< X,©^© t- t--. 1-1 lO lO e!5 75 & c«= o^co^ o ^^ r— T— *^^ T—ir-t r^ ^-^^1— (r-i rH f^ mvH C <^ ^ ^■fTj-COCOCOCOC0COC0COCOC0fi?174 lO 05 iriiH ^ s 3 ■S a • . "S :::::: ."g 1 ■5 a; 2 * S) u Z ' H. .4J s> B c« " o Is 1 s >< 43 c 3 M.ir mn^ T— 1 *. CO ■>»> O © I- -00050^74CO-»>in«0«>. oe 1 •5 22 c" V ;■' a " rH rH •-. C c;; - 7) _ -/; O rH I- CO 74 bo be-: bci-S c .«" 3 o©: K tfl ^ O. • »SnH C.3 bo b^" ■Si v. -- CIS bo -.•a h ^ T. TO U _-bo bo a 50000 (D a X 71 p 0) C-c 0. -w •ti ■'^ ,B c« it's O be :=! c ■"•« c o ^ CO 10 ■^ © CO S74 CO © © -% CO © -f t- : 00 •*■ X rH X : CO 71 71 74 rH bo C he- 5 o-r * o = :; S ■-C £ if '^- ^ rt O t; C "*" « -^ C "^ i *3 s (1 c4 CO C-a c C H iTH a; •(« 23 In the case of the mangels also, the early sown plots have given the larger crnps. Taking the earlier sowings at all the experimental farma, they have "ivon an average ni 3 tons, 1,452 lbs. per acre more than that obtained from the later sowings. The six varieties of mangels which have given the heaviest crops at the several experimental farms (lining 1897 are the following. Wliere not otherwise stated the quantities given are all from the early sown plots : Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Per Acre, Per Aero. Tons. Lbs. Toils. Lbs. 1 (uant Yellow Intormwliato. 40 l,Of;o 4. Ooldcn Tankard 35 !)."iO L'. (late Post 44 l.Sl.-) 5. Maiimi. ]..!»■,' Ked 34 l.ilDO ;{. ('aiiadiaii (iiant 40 1,345 0. (Jiianipion ^'ellow (Jlobe 34 l,t)30 An average crop of 39 tons 1,127 lbs. per acre. E.KPERI.MEXTAL FaUM FOR THE MARITIME PROVINCES, NaPPAN, N.S. Per Acre. Per Aero. Tons. Lbs. Tona. Lbs. 1. fJiant Yellow Tntermodiato. 34 400 4. Ward's Larfr«» Oval-shaped. . . .SO 1.'. Xnrljiton Ciant 34 400 5. YcIKav InttriiitMliato 2!) 1,280 .S. Ciant Yellow Half Long.... 33 840 6. Giant Yellow Globe 29 1,280 An average crop of 31 tons 1,700 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. Per Acre. . Per Aere. Tons. Lbs. Ton.s. Lbs. 1. Champion Yellow Globe 2(5 8 4. Canadian Giant. . 21 32 2. Tiizc ManjHi. Ijonp Red ... 25 424 5. Norl)iton Giant 20 1,!I7G 3. Giant Yellow Inteiniediate. 22 352 G. Red Fleshed Globe 20 392 An average crop of 22 tons 1,157 lbs. per acre. E.m'ekimental Farm for the N.W. Territories, Indian Hkad, N.W.T. Per Acre. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. Tons. Lbs. 1. Yellow Intermediate, 2nd 4. Giant Yellow Globe, 2nd sow- sowing 15 1,044 ing 13 1,324 2. (Jate Post, 2nd sowing ... 13 1,984 5. Prize Momm. Long Red, 2nd 3. Ciolden l''leshedT;aikard,2nd sowing 13 2G.S sowing 13 1,852 6. Maniin. Long Red, 2nd sowing 13 268 An average crop of 13 tons 1,540 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. Tons. Lbs. 1. Selected Mamm. Long Red. . 39 1,024 4. Gate Post, 2nd sowing 30 IGO 2. Red Fleshed Tankard 39 320 5. Norbiton Giant. .36 l,45fi 3. Golden Fleshed Tankard 39 140 6. Canadian Giant 35 '752 An average crop of 37 tons 975 lbs. per acre. t fe1' II :| il I' ■' W^' 11 24 The six varieties of mangels which have produced the heaviest ctops, takiii^r the average of the results obtained at all the experiiufiital farms ;ue the following : Per A(!re. Per A( ii-. Tdius. H)8. Tons. Llw. 1. (tiiiiit Yollow Intfi-inwliato. 2!t 1,202 4. fJntePoat 2(5 l.iiU 2. Si'l.ctcd Mainm. Lon^ liuii. 26 l.StiS 5. Chaini)i(iu Yellow GIolio 25 :).',n :i. ( 'uiiiuliiin Giant 20 1,103 G. Prize Mainui. Lo'ig lied 24 1,818 An average crop of "JG tons 1,229 lbs. per acre. I 1 CARROTS. Fifteen varieties of carrots were und-ir test during 1897. all sown in drills or on the Hat from li^ to 2 feet apart. Two sowings were made in each case, the second sowing about two weeks after the first. The dates ot sowing will be found in the accompanying table ; the dates on which the roots were pulled were the following: — At Ottawa, 11th October; Nappan. 14th and ir)tli October; Brandon, 30th September; Indian Head, 6th October; and at Agassiz, 15th October. The yield per ticre in each case has been calculated from the weight of roots gathered from two rows, each 66 feet long. m SSiOTStTIB tWMWIh.. . , ■^l: ?._:« 73 ho c a 02 .i •J -;;' ?i ^5 o v: ^s N. -y. ? t-. « « -H ,-< « 15 >— -3 « — I -. :-: -^ Ti r. -H -^ i^ ct : . » o t - o f i-i 1.- c. i-n -H o w ^ X X I -. c o H rH M » in i.T r> -- n M -^ — sv X w t- be to K a o H " -^ '^ '5 '' * ' ■' -T " O f I -X I - 1 - vs « M jc X -^ f t^ ?i M — . ) tJ :': -J :^ 1< » t^ o w •*• r^ c ;- M I- -- x t-- 35 a o H •■^•< X: c © o c w Ti r y. o 3 ;': I- c r o i- 'J' 5 i r. •• X r, -f u-: tc -f -r x x •n- X ri ^ X I- c "T X "icTirit^ -CljrjOCO ri « ?g f ) 5. »4 a o H X) :0 C4 — • r-O X X X M ; o r; I xco ; ! ?1 p -.C CO ■ l^ f? .5 1^ ) o cc o . ___ -Q ^ X o I v; o ~- 1* n -^ •r X : •-: CI iT o rij M; v: © © : X © ■ 'T © ■ ©©^J<©x-ifi ?1 « ©~©~ X © 1 M N ff« i-l f i X © ci © ~ Tl rl O tH o H © ^3 c X J M © n © n N i-i -r © X I- 1- r^ X ^'S B O ©ccc©-©©c©©5©-;© f "^ © T I © X © '^ © © "T — ^^ — © tc CI o c^ ©. © © f cc :': -f © ■M X © «ioo-^i-it~-©i^i©Mr:©©©r-H — r-l— 'C I?! — — ^-"-i— ■— — 1^ O © © © — C t* 1* © I* 1" 1* c © -r©-r©-fx — i-i'x©©^!!-!^ ^ © c T^ ©. X ■^ t- © •-H i" © m c . © © © © ^^ ^- T Tl -r I* k": C © t- X - 1~ I . » ir I xi:a Hi e2 X ir; c TO I - e I - r- X Ti Tur: f c; ^: — — c ~ © X X 1 - :" — r. X c3 X C/3 3; CO « o 3 0) o Oh O K © -r ?! © © — :- = Ti I'. © © — © I - X ^0 iM M X 'S ^^ -H f) J) „ rt . io to? : to . ■ c ■ •- -'■> ■ s f? = • r - rl^ 5- :. 55 ■3 i.E 5 I •• S X — > ~ ■« S i ^ «C MS ■5 S IS = !. I .3-= l-r ,.-3 a Pi- u I _ J 1) ■r- C E O O o o ^ © ct -r" I- N. © S'j t.1 :': X S o o c o o c '3 "CCC^ M M . to if.-? ■4- t it c = c i ^ = r; 7. C -t- IJ .'• ? O £ 7. -5 a % ^ ^ a ^ 'J ^""1 1' .E -i. s (>; T ■■■ mi \< M 26 The carrots have also given the larger crops from the early sown plots. Taking the average yield of the carrot plots on a'! the farms, the ci-ojis from the early sowings have exoect'cd those from the plots sown later l)y 1 ton 1,443 lbs. per acre. The six varieties of carrots which have produced the heaviest crops Jit the several experimental farms are the following. Unle.ss otherwise stated the yields given are all from the curliest sown plots : — Ckntral Exheri.mkntal Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. 1. Mamiii. White Intermediate. 24 180 2. (Jreen Top White Ortho 23 1,850 3. Giant White VoHge-s 2;i 200 Per .VcTP. Tons. ]J,s 4. Iverson's Champion 21 1 .'j:;!! 5. Iniproved Short White 21 .'170 6. Half-long White 20 1 .iin.", An average cr< p of 22 tons, 889 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for the Maritime Provinces, Nappan, N.S. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. 1. Iverson's Champion 21 1,320 2. ( iiant White Vosges 21 5(i0 3. Green Top White Orthe 18 1,820 Per .\ CH'. Ton.-<. l.l.s. 4. Half-long Chantenay . . 17 IKio T). Improved Short White 17 :itl(i 0. Yellow Intermediate Ill 1,410 An average crop of 18 tons 1,843 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. Per Ac re. Tons. Lbs. 1. Giant White Vosges, 2nd sow- ing _ o 1440 2. Iver.son's Cliami)ion, 2nd sow- ing .':> 1,000 3. Half-long White, 2nd sowing 4 1,240 Per A I II'. Tons. LIh, 4. White Green Top Orthe 4 :;ti'i 5. Yellow Intermediate, 2nd sowing 3 l.'.''_'ii G. Scarlet Intermediate, 2nd sowing ... 3 \.\Oj An average crop of 4 tons 1,313 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for the N.W. Territories, Indian Head, X.W.T. Per Acre. Ton.s. Lb.s. 1. Iverson's Champion, 2n(l sow- ing 4 448 2. ImiMoved Short White 3 l,r)24 3. Half-long Chantenay, 2nd sowing 3 1,524 Per Acif. Tons. Lbs. 4. Giant White Vo.'ges, 2nd sowing 3 ].'M2 n. Whit(> Belgian, 2iid sowing. . 3 L.Sl'li t). Manini. White Intermediate. 3 1,IL''< An average crop of 3 tons 1,568 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columuia, Aoassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. 1. Giant White Vosges, 2nd sowing 4() 2'I0 2. Yellow Intermediate 39 1,200 3. Ivsrson's Champion, 2nd sow- ing 3(3 1,0(10 Per Acrp, Tons. Ll'^. 4. Imnroved Short White 33 l,4t'i7 .";. (hccu Top White Orthe 33 SM) C. Carter's Orange Giant. ... 31 1,»'0 An average crop of 36 tons 1,688 lbs. per acre. 27 The six varieties of carrots which have produced the heaviest crops, taking the average of tlie results obtained at all the experitueutal farms, are Por Acre. Tons. Lbs. 1. Giant Whito Vosgea 18 490 2, (Jrei-n Top White Ortlu' 16 1,3,SG .S. Yellow Intermedi.ate 15 1,220 Per Acre. Tons. Fills. 4. Improved Short Whito 15 l.lL'O 5. Ivt-rson's Champion 1,") ,S.")3 6. Mamm. White lutermediato. 14 1,t>30 An average crop of 16 tons 115 lbs. per acre. SUGAR BEETS. Five varieties of sugar beets have been tested during 1897, sown in drills or on the flat from 2 to 2^ feet apart. Two sowings were made in eiich case, the second sowing about two weeks after the first. The dati-s of sowing will be found in the accompanying table ; the dates on which the roots were pulled were the following : — At Ottawa, 11th October ; Nappati, 14th and 15th October; Brandon, 30th September; Indian Head, Ith October ; and at Agassiz, 15th October. The yield per acre in each instance has been calculated from the weight of roots gathered from two rows, eacli 60 feet long. I 1 ;.:i y .. ;|-u ' •':' II h- i ■i %■ 4. ■ Si: I J ' l' ' m S8 ill H fa pq CO Ph H 1 1 "5 iP 3 C i-.-r ]- o c^ 1". 1- -r ri -r 1 -:*:•■. -< ^ rM U3 e of all ■-^•1 1 « -r o :': ?-! -r (-. I ^- <* « SP 'li c'.' -)• --5 -r — I— r^ X r: » f 1— » »H i-^ rH 1) ^ 5 i •< m ^ O O 'O •* f - o i S 2 "5 ;^ » ?5 S 55 'ri^O f^ r-* T-i iH r^i-1 Q ? ■? m ;4 a e2 CO CO l."^ ?C M jc" ,-, ^^ ,— 1 rH -H -fi J ?i 1'. S i S S> > — « 1-^ t— « *— ( r-( *^ fi < H r: M< iM f cs »— t rH fH r- ' ^H H ^ 1— t r^ rH ■?' = t ^ 03 1 r-T 1^ 00 r-l IM ■-. h- i r-f 1-4 t— 1 o iM w ri o a - CO & t ir. cc c<5 CO " 1—! T-rr-" rH* i-T 2 Il" c M -< O^ O Oi GO t>» ■"* iH 1 ' 03 ■M CI ?1 ::; O C-. rv - Ti ri -o 1 s ^ r- CC I - I - i-H 1-^ > 2 r-t 1— 1 i-H I— t 1 _:; 1 •r 3 fi o CC ^ » CO O 3 t— < ^1 ^^ r-i ,— ( < A r-i 1—1 ^ »<; H lO CO O — 1 O ^ — CI — Tl i SS^5?i cc •«»< C3 •«)< tS rH M '^ ^3 h3 03 1 i-Tf-Ti-T i-j oio«r -t" Ti< 5 r-( T— * 1— ' ^- ^H • O O C C O •«• o O f o ZLi CM-' ©_«ii5X--<_ :t ^ S T-H 1—1 tH rH 'A X 5 tn ^-^ ^O a?^?l?^S j r^ O O w IS o i CO w i-i — Tf< O i-< Isl l~ 1 cr^ h^ r^i-Tr-f ' -tJ 'i >> K w Cti 5 ■^s 1 in CO o •<*< o s 1— 1 ^H 1-4 1— 1 1— 1 M^ O iC o o o 03 OS iC5 T-( O) ^ aoo ooo O ! ^ r-TrHi-r x — V5 ; JO c: CO CO ic H • • • • >. ^ l; i > i; > SS ?c — •s _ CX = V, « ^--^:= ea ■^ — r* — ^ s a h:^K?: > ■a aqmnvj r-llN«-*i ifl to H 6fl 3^ SB 60 I S 00 O CO M* 1.-5 CO r^ CO ?1 M io -i< scT^r Tieo oi CO -^ t£ I-IO "- C3 M osiociaoiooococo i— i fHfH^ltHiHiH I— (1-4 1—1 be ^+^ ;i-4J XJ3 i-w 73 f!^ P. ii " =^ K O ic ^ .— « W r 2 u w bO o •--:> to — X « en d) a> 9) I 1. R.d Top ! 2. Vilinoriu'i 1. Rpd Top f 2. Wanzlebei 29 The four varieties of sugar beets which have produced the heavirst crops at the several experimental farms during 1S97, are the following — where not otherwise stated tlie crops grown are from the first sowing : — Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Per Acre. I'^r Acri'. Tons. Lbs. Tuns. Lli-i. 1. Improved Iini)erial 23 90 S. Hanish Improved ]!» 5 2. DiMiish HcdTop 20 1,745 4. Ked Top Suyar 18 1,020 2\jli average crop of 20 tons 86.') lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm fob the Maritime Provinces, Nappan, N.S. Per Acre. Per Aeie. ToiAS. Lbs. Tons. Lbs. 1. Danish Improved 22 1,000 3. Wiinzlebon 22 H40 2. Red Top Sugar 22 1,000 4. Improved Imperial 20 1 .040 An average crop of 22 tons 270 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for Manitoba, Brandon, Man. 1. Red Top Sugar 2. Vihnorin's Improved.. Per Acre. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. Tons. Lbs. 20 1,184 3. Danish Imj.roved, 2nd sowing 20 3!»2 20 C56 4. Improved Imperial 15 l,i'>SO An average crop of 19 tons 478 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm fob the N.W. Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. Per Acre. Tons. LI IS. 30H 1,140 1. Red Top Sugar, 2nd sowing. 12 1,740 3. Danish Improved, 2nd sowing 11 2. Wanzleben « 11 704 4. Imiiroved Imperial (I An average crop of 11 ^oes 473 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. Tons. L>)s. 1. Red Top Sugar, 2nd sowing. 15 800 3. Danish Improved 14 f>52 2. >Vanzleben « 14 1,040 4. Improved Imperial 13 1,720 An average crop of 14 tons 1,128 lbs. per acre. The four varieties of sugar beets which have produced the heaviest crops taking the average of the results obtained at all the experimental farms are the following : — Per Acre. Per Acre. Tons. Lbs. Tons. Lbs. 1 Red Top Sugar 1aisy Irish Cohl)lor Flemish Beauty .Seo^d- lint,' ' London Everett Early Sunrise Reading Giant Sharps 's Seedling. . . . Troy Seedling Delaware Charle.s Downing. . . . Late Puritan Wonder of the World. New Variety No. 1. State of Maine Early Six Weeks. . . . Crown Jewel Seattle Clarke's No. 1 Early Ohio . . . Vick R E.xtra Early. . White Beauty Lightning E.xiire.ss. . . .McKen/.ie Great Divide ...... Green Mountain -American Wonder. . , Early Rose Carman No. 1 Dakota Red Hale's Champion . . . . Money Maker , Early Gem American Giant Lizzie'.s Pride Freeman YlKI.n.-S AT THE SkVKKAL EXPKHIJIKNTAL Faums, Seaso.n ok 18'J7. Ottawa, Out. Nappan, N.S. Brandon, .Man. Indian Head. N.W.T. I I Bush. Lbs Bush. Lbs Bush. Lbs Bush. Lbs 402 400 381 372 350 34(i 340 340 338 330 3:?3 332 321 315 315 311 309 302 300 297 290 292 287 287 284 283 280 280 278 27S 277 209 268 268 267 266 260 260 265 265 264 264 264 201 261 200 200 30 24 42 54 24 38 30 :^ 48 3() 18 37 12. 42 42 18 47 30 18 44 3-! 30 22 () 21 15 22 8 34 18 53 30 24 24 18 12 12 12 31 22 48 31 42 42 412 .390 400 277 215 290 210 300 315 2.55 275 317 177 205 320 280 287 295 302 245 290 295 295 275 347 285 272 377 412 325 287 215 320 345 320 .315 275 380 335 300 292 305 310 .30 :(() 30 30 30 30 30 .30 30 30 30 20 325 377 30 73 183 I 220 23S 242 179 187 121 341 170 51 231 304 124 2<)0 140 315 198 190 201 198 253 190 303 209 183 179 201 289 73 71 179 44 216 250 194 212 198 201 183 249 209 194 143 256 110 20 20 20 40 20 20 40 20 40 20 40 40 40 20 40 40 40 20 40 20 40 20 40 40 20 20 20 40 255 314 292 202 530 127 231 173 217 150 310 129 288 100 150 100 1.51 280 109 215 .301 290 145 129 1.34 389 325 290 198 129 305 207 12 10 .30 200 12 24 .30 48 48 12 48 12 36 12 48 24 30 24 24 12 48 i2 24 36 222 12 24 48 48 248 12 283 "48 Agassi/,, Ave ill B.C. theFi riiis. Bush. Lbs Bnsli. Ll« 418 312 20 355 40 .328 44 535 20 3115 55 .591 3(> .370 300 10 299 5,S 419 48 312 .■>t; 319 44 271 28 408 18 .351 211 513 20 275 11 481 4 34(J .'itl 500 288 41» 293 20 234 1 305 4 206 12 3.-2 30 292 344 20 202 25 358 30 27() 528 310 DO 481 4 309 24 334 24 250 47 457 36 281 42 303 36 239 44 469 20 .307 11 536 48 308 19 234 40 244 36 409 36 .321 ; 40 440 314 >> 205 20 238 30 352 30 240 315 20 200 34 528 307 42 228 48 207 51 414 286 17 238 48 245 ■M 280 229 m 303 44 282 55 407 14 .312 31 300 40 209 3 598 24 328 .32 290 24 260 23 299 12 246 12 445 52 311 4S 284 32 259 28 330 277 271 20 257 S 374 259 30 249 20 275 11 271 20 254 53 31 ■i-. UNIKOriM TKST I'LOTS OF I'OTATOKS Co/i/i;i««/. ViKr.na at thk sKVKn.\L PI \HEIMMKNTAL FaHMS, SkA.SON OIT 1897. X.ime of Variety. X Ottawa, Ont. ""r .an, h'. Braiulnii, Mail. IlKJ N.W an ||, Aij'a.ssiz, B.C. Average of all the Karma. nusii Lbs. JJu.sl. L1..S, liush. Lbs. Bush. Lbs. Bush. Lbs. Hush. Lbs. t-* l'\irpee'8 Extra Karly 2r)!) 30 370 198 129 48 228 48 2.37 14 I'l A Igoina No. 1 2;)S 22 275 139 20 224 24 4i'8 203 1 "ill Meal 255 12 350 179 40 . . . . 331 24 279 49 ."il 1 iarly White Prize. . . 254 3!) 252 30 124 40 303 , , 310 48 202 19 "iL' KiisscH's Seedling.. . . 253 307 30 205 20 180 230 27 I'liorburn 251 250 f)4 4S 265 307 30 139 172 20 20 i.58 24 290 253 22 28 238 9 Karly Harvest 228 30 ."i"> r;«ft'8 Favourite 248 3(! 412 30 8f' -.. 530 24 403 20 3:)0 34 % I'olurJs 248 30 182 30 154 — 208 24 297 44 2.30 15 "i7 Columbus 2»4 12 292 30 105 — 224 24 418 — 208 49 Ti^i King of the Roses . . . 244 12 240 — 245 40 79 — 250 40 213 6 "ill Kocord 243 325 — 88 — 211 12 3-^0 2.39 28 •'11 I'lichester Rose 242 240 51 312 217 30 30 1.54 170 — .22 408 40 18 257 4/ I'll Karly Norther 277 12 203 f'!) liJ i'rizo Taker 2:!.s 42 195 — 71 — 240 24 528 — 255 49 Cm 114 (Quaker City 237 237 30 30 327 295 30 201 1.32 40 272 77 48 ;;o() 419 10 28 279 ,57 I'.iUNye 232 13 cri 1 'ride of the Table. 237 235 3 40 275 222 30 108 95 40 20 451 303 44 3(5 283 7 till i'.eauty of Hebron. . . 127 .3(! 190 .50 (17,15urnaby Seedling 234 1 322 30 Kil 20 105 30 302 8 225 7 (is limwn'H Mnt Prnnf . 233 233 232 45 12 295 225 285 — 249 170 194 2(1 20 4.54 457 402 40 30 308 11 (Ill 7(1 S.atisfaction 211 12 200 30 .Monroe Countj 293 21 71 Fillbasket 231 — 300 — 124 40 198 — 244 30 219 ,39 71.' Pride of the Market.. 224 24 202 30 2.53 — 220 — 354 12 202 49 7.iiHarly Puritan 223 18 400 — 172 20 240 24 528 — 320 — 74 7") 7ii Victor Rose 218 218 218 54 40 37 2.50 2(i5 317 30 105 110 1.S3 2(1 257 24 308 411 281 30 23!) 52 New Queen 251 1 1 OiiPAn nf tVifi Vallnv - 2.50 k; 77Honeoye Hose. . .. 7>i IfarbinKer 217 48 250 •w _ 322 40 203 7 210 50 207 30 113 40 109 24 170 188 41 7!i Rural No. 2 , . 216 21(5 21G 42 1 25 335 170 315 — 91 140 100 40 40 20 308 414 205 20 237 50 I'earcn's F.Ttr.a Farlv 230 40 81, Maggie Murphy S2 VVorrd'a Fair 220 30 213 ,50 214 55 270 — 170 — 387 12 454 40 3(H) 3,3 S3 HopefuL 213 49 295 — 223 40 125 24 25(i 40 222 55 >^4 Kin 1 lire State 211 53 252 30 194 20 213 24 498 40 274 9 ^'^ Kural Blush 211 12 272 30 140 40 231 24 .322 40 230 53 ^(1 (iood News 209 — 345 - 108 40 123 12 352 30 239 40 ~>7 < 'hio .Junior 209 200 48 175 192 - 71 30 8S — 321 12 403 633 20 30 235 54 Clay Rose 280 13 s'.t(\irmanNo. 3 202 24 3(!0 . — 88 — 45i — 447 20 309 45 'lO'F.rowneU'a Winner . . 202 ••■'. 312 30 108 40 3.30 — 503 12 315 21 11] Peerless Junior 187 184 48 352 220 — IC.I 20 20 302 322 IG 40 2()5 .39 11'-' Moulton Rose 238 220 238 22 !i.i Table King 182 36 215 — 14 40 92 24 170 — 130 8 '.I4I.X. L 179 18 400 — 102 40 .310 48 2(14 — 252 33 'In 1 ieneral Gordon . . . 170 101 16 42 345 235 — 204 102 40 225 22 252 39 W Stourbridge Glory . . . 204 36 175 59 ii7 Orphans 149 3 257 30 00 138 36 294 4 181 3 '.IS Seedling 214 139 42 200 ~'~' 146 40 197 ~" - 250 40 188 — The following, which are omitted, failed to germinate or were injured during growth s"! tli:.t they could not be reported on : — At Nappan, Noa. 9, 45 ; Brandon, No. 4 ; Indian II. ad, Nos. 5, 7, 15, 27, 34, 36, 37, 43, 4,5, 47, 50, .53, 60, 65, 08, 70, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 88, 91, ^5. and at Agassiz, Nos. 52, 90. S\ if !;■ HI ■ ■ fl 33 The twelve varieties of potatoes wliich have. prcHlucpd the heaviest cidp'* at the several experimental farms during 18U7 are the following: — EXPEIIIMKMAI. FaKM, OtTAWA, OnT. T.r A( IV. Jjlisli. Lbs. lloll)orn Aliiindiitirc 402 30 SeudliiiK No. 2»» 4iM( 24 Sc.-Uiii^ Xu. 7 ;wi 42 [risli iJiiisv :t72 r.t ( ;iiiciiK<» .Nliirket ;fri(i 24 Drei-r'H Staiidanl 340 3Ji Per A. IV. Busli. |,1„, 7. Kailicrttof All 34t; H. NortluTii Spy 340 !». Rnsc Xo. !l ;i;iK 10. lircvcM' Kosf 330 n. V'iinicr 333 12. Daisy 332 An average crop of .'i57 buHlioLs 55 lbs. per acre. ExPliHIMKNTAL FaRM FOR THE MARITIME PROVINCES, NaPPAX, N.S. 1. Early Purita!! 400 2. Clarkp'3 No. 1 412 3. Leo's ]''avouritn 412 4. Holborn Abundaiicf 412 6. L X. L 400 6. Seedling X\p. 7 4')0 Per Acre. Per Aci c. Bunh. Lbs. Bush. Lbs 7. Seedlinpr No. 2,30 3flO 30 8. Kailv Kose .3S0 .30 <). Fivniiau 377 30 IH. S.'attU' 377 11. Uurpi'iVs Kxtra Early 370 12. Troy S.'edling 302 3(1 30 iO An average crop of 39G bushels 15 lbs, per acre. Experimental Farm for Mamtoda, Braxdon, Man. 1. New Variety No. 1 . 2. Koeves' Rohs Reading Giant Flemish Beauty Simm Clarke's No. 1 General Gordon Per Aero. Ensli. Lb3. 30.", . . 7. 341 . . K. 315 20 0. 304 20 10. 2MI 40 11. 2(i4 . . 12. Per A(iv. Bush. Mis. Everett 2(i0 -Jo ( ireat Divide 250 to Lizzie's Pride 250 in Late Puritan 253 Pride of the Market 253 12. Hale's Champion 249 20 An average crop of 283 bushels 52 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for the N. W. Territories, Indian Head, N.W.T. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. Lee's Favourite 530 24 Northern Spy 530 24 Carman No. 3 451 Vick's Extra Earlv .389 24 World's Fair.... ' 387 12 Early White Prize 303 . . Per Acre. Bush. Lbd. 7. BrowneU's Winner 330 8. Clarke's No. 1 330 9. White lieautv 325 10. Ohio Junior .321 11. I. X. L 310 12. Seedling No. 230. 314 I'J •IS ;i(i An average crop of 382 bushels 28 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Aero. Bush. Lbs. Clay Rose 0.33 American Wonder 598 Irish Daisy .591 Brownell's Winnie- ,503 Late Puritan 536 6. Seedling No. 7 , 535 30 24 36 12 48 20 7. Early Sunrise . , 8. Early Puritiui. 9. Clarke's No. 1 , 10. Prize Taker. . . 11. Rose No. 9 . . . . 12. Vanier Per Acre. Bush. Lba. 528 . . 52S . . 528 . . 528 513 L'n 500 .. An average crop of 549 bushels 11 lbs. per acre. taking t. !1IV lllC t I. Irish 1) •J. I'huk.'', .'i. .•^I'lMJlill; ■I. North. 1 .'l, III 'CM'-,' Ci. I.cc's 1' All iiv Tlio a llir I'Xjicl .ii'i'ts : Nfi ■J.'li) i)ush i,'i\('ii by ll>s, t)or a 11 S3 Tlie twt^lvH varii'tii's (»f pDtfitot'^ wliidi huvo prnductMl the hf'avinst crops, tikini,' tliH av(M'(i;;e of the results oljtaiin'il at all the experiinoatal farms, luv iho following ;— r»>r AcFM. Himh. Dm. 7. Hoprllinj? No. '-'30 :»'JH H H. Ain.'ri(Mii Wundor ;i'_'« IfJ 9. N.'W Variety No. 1 iVJti 10 10. Iliirlv Puritan .TJ(} 11. r.n.NMiill'H Winner 3li1 21 12. Stiitduf Main.) 314 7 Pit .\crH. liiiKti. Lba. I. Irish DaiHV 37t) •J, ('l;nl«''H No. I 'M\7 -12 :t. . 'M .Vu averai^'O crop of 310 IuihIksIs H lbs. per acre. 'i'lio average crop of all the varieties of potatoes to.sted at each of till' '. 7. (iolfl»i» Utaiity., 72 H. H.w.diilt. , 71 ii. I'.iiviiiiiin 01) 10. Iiiipiuvfd Lipiwif W( 11. .IdMIII'ttU «!» 12. (Johiiiilius (W •-•2 20 2t I 4 II I''T Acre. 1. li.iiiti.T H(l Hi 2. i:.uly Cold. II rri.lilio Wl (i ;t. AiiHiMan I'.c-aiiiy, .. .... H.') 2(1 4. lloUt.iii I'lnjiliu.. 77 LT) r>. (ii.lili'll (iiilllt. 77 If) «. Wliit.' Schuiicn 7» ^1 Ati iivorai,'(' yi<'ll 3 3. Aiiiirii'.ui llfiiuty H!l I 4. A 1. lindanes M 33 5. WliitfScliiiiifn Hi") 13 (). (ioldcii li.iiiity Hi') 3 7. linimivfd Ligowo. ... 8. Wide Awako H-\ 9. Kiirlv Arotiiiiiffcl H3 10. Kiiily < i(ildi:ii I'rolitip 83 11. Aliy.iHitiiii HI 12. Aiiicricuii Triumph 8(1 Per A(;rH. Until. Llii* s-1 •J'.l 21 14 H An avonig*! yi(>l(l of HT) l)UHliels 23 lh.s. por iicro. ExI'KHIMKNTAL FakM FOH HkITIHII CoI.U.MUIA, AOASSIZ, H.C. y I ;<3 31 •J3 I'd- ACH). HiihIi. LbH. 1. Kivrly Cutliliind 01 4 2. liincohi (iO 18 3. I'.avari.aii CiH 28 4. Kiiily (ioldci) Prolific 58 10 f). (Inldcii (iiaiit 57 6 6. I'iiirly Ulii.ssoiii ,')7 4 An average yield of 57 hu.shols 11 lbs. per aoi'e. The twelve varieties which have jjroduced the larj^est average crops for tin- past tlu'fe years on all the farms, and hence inay perhaps be rojijardcd as worthy of being placed at the head of the list for general cultivatiun are : — I'.T Aoiv. Hii^li. r.i.s, 7. Coliiiiiliii.^ iV) 8. ()dcil)iiicli 5(1 9. AiiKirican Beauty 55 10. lioniiii/.n 5."> 11. lla/.lftt'K Seizin r 55 12. IJamii^r 65 Prr A ore. Bush. Lbs. 1. .\iiiirifan Beauty 72 2. I'.iiuii.T 72 10 7 1 7 2G Per Aci. Bush. Jiiis. 7. nulstcin Prolific (57 i!> 8. Iin|ii()Vfd Litfiiwo (ili l,s (I. Wliiti! Uussiaii (ii*) 2.") 10. Walii.s 05 IS 1 1. I'lii \ .iiiaii (U .'il) 1 2. ICaii \ ( iothland 04 i;:i S. Cdlninluis 70 4. (Jiildm r.i-aiity Oil ."i. White Schiiui'ii OH 0. Ivirly (n)ldcii I'roliflL' 07 An average yield of 07 bushels 'A2 lbs. per acre. The Abundance, which is also a very promising oat, averaged i)l bii^hels 17 lbs. per acre, within five lbs. per acre of the Early Golhland. THREE YEARS' EXPEIUENCE WI^H VARIETIES OF BARLEY. Two-llowKi) Bahi.ev. The six varieties of two-rowed barley which have averaged the heaviest crops at the several experimental farms during the past tliree years are the following : — Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Per Acre. Per Ari' Bush. Ll)s. I5usii. Li-. 41 3i) 4. Canadian Thorpe 37 47 40 25 5. Bfaver 37 ■^' 3» 18 (). l):nii.shChevali.r 37 -' 1. Sifhiey . 2. Nfwton. 3. Bolton. , An average yield of 39 im.shels 8 lbs. per acre. ^ 86 Exi'KRiMKNTAt, Faiim fok tiii; Maimtimk Provinors, Nappav, N.8. I'cr AcTii. DiihIi. Lba. I. I'niich (Uioviilior M U\ •2. Dininli ('litwiilicr 'M\ I'J X i'ri/.M I'nilitic X> 1!! I'fr Acm. Uu'^'n. libs. 4. riiinailiftti Thorpe 36 r.. I'.wlhm 33 t C. Ncwtuii ;<2 37 An uvmiinc yield of .")ri luislids ll>s. per inr*'. FiXI'MIIMKNTAI- l''Alt\l Inll M.WrKtllA, I'.KANrxJN, MaV. I'.r Aciv. HiihIi. 1,I)h. 1. Frrnch Chevalier -is \(\ 4. 'I'lmiiot 'J. Si'liii'V 'l"< '•' r>. ('hii:hImi> Tliori)0. I'rr Acre. illlMll. IA». -lo 27 ;w (S ;i. Ni'wtoii .. •»•! 1 •; |',.nv<-: 37 47 An avonin(! yii Id of 42 Ituslicis .'ll ll)s. [icr acre. lixi'KuiMENrAi. Faum Fitit I'liK N. \V. Tkuuitouiks, Indian I1kai», N.N\'.'I\ I'.r A.iv. lillHll. LI).S. 1. I''ii'ii('h Ohnviklior (in 'j;{ •J, r.ciiv.T r)7 3 ;v (/'iiiiiidian Thorpe Mi 4 .All iiMM'ii;,'!' yield of '(0 Im^licls iMi 'li^. |icr iicrt!. r-r A. re. I^H.h. I.im. 4. l)iuiinli Chcvalirr S.^ 47 ^, Niwtiiti Bf) 4() (i. I'li/c I'n.lific M 33 EXIMCKIMKNTAL I'AUM I oK I'.HlllSII CuLUMllIA, AOASSIZ, U-C. I'cr A'T«. Hush. TJw, 1. Canadiiin Thorpo lo 20 12. Kn-iieh (nievjilii-r ;«» 41 3. Daiiisli L'hevalior 3(1 4.") Per .Vert). Ktish. T,bi. 4. Kinver Chuvalier 3;") 44 6. I'.cavcr W 4(; (i. I'ri/.i' I'rolifio 31 32 An averai^e yield of .'56 l)usli(d.s 22 ll)a. per acre. The six varieties of two rowed l)arloy wliieli have produced the largOvSt average crops for the past three years on all tli(( farms are : — I'cr Aero. Bush. Lbs. 1 Kroiich Che'-alior 44 25 •J. (Jiinmliaii 'riiDPiie 41 25 3. Diininh Choviiliei 40 42 I'er Acre. Bush. Um. 4. Npwtoii 3!l 40 5. Reav((i 39 34 ush. Lbs. 51 27 Per Acre. Bu.sh. I.ba. 1 . Oili'.ssa nt) 44 2. .MiuiMirv T))) 9 3. Koyul.. 53 39 6. Petschora 47 6 An average yield of .'52 Ijushols 12 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for tiik INIaritimk Provinces, Nappan, N.S. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Mensnry 52 37 2. Surprise 4(i 5 3. Trooper 43 30 Per Acre. ]iu.sli. Lbs. 4. Oilerbruch 41 45 5. .SiiceeH.s 41 29 0. N'anguurc) 41 18 An average yield of 44 bushels 28 lbs. per acre. ^1 ■f I 4k\ I 36 EXPEIIIMENTAL FaR.M FOR MANITOBA, BrANDON, MiiN. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Mnnstiry 54 11 2. Common .53 43 3. Trooper ,52 21 Ppr Aero. Bush. Lbs. 4. Xiij,'ent 51 :^i.' 5. Sur|iri.se 47 .'il 6. Summit 4t) L5 An. average yield of 51 bushels, 1 lb. per acre. INI Experimental Farm for the X. W. Territories, Indian Head, N. W. T. Per Acre. Bush. LV)s. 1. Ivt-nnie'.s Lnproved 61 45 2. (ldi's,s!i 61 35 3. Meiisury 60 40 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs 4. Coninion 60 .5. Odrrliruch 5S G. Trooper 57 •M 1 An average yield of 60 bushels 6 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for British Columbia, Agassiz, B.C. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. OilerViruch 2. Odessa . . . 3. (JomiiKni. . •'.■> u 24 42 4. Mensury. . 5. K(>.v:il. . . 6. P( tscht)r;i. Per .Acre. Bush. Ll,s. ;n 25 .so 27 31 42 6. P(tsch.)r;i 30 An a.v('fai;e yield nf .'U bushels 14 lbs. per acre. The si.N. varieties of six-rowed barley which have prtjduced the largest average crops for the past three years on all the farms are : — Per Acre. Busli. Lbs. 15 42 15 5 44 3(1 An averaye yield of 4ti bushels .'38 lbs. per acre. Per Acre. Bush. Lb.s. 1. Mensnry 51 5 2. i)(|p.-.s:i 47 10 3. TiuM,„.r 40 43 4. Common. . . 5. Itoyal... 6. Oderbrtich. THREE YEARS' EXPERIENCE WITH VARIETIES 01 SPRING WHEAT. The twelve varieties of spring wheat which have averaged the heaviest crops at the several experimental farms during the past three years ai'e the following : — Central Experimental Farm, O'itawa, Ont. Per Acre. Bu.sli. Lb.s. 1. Preston 25 77 2. JNb.iiarch 22 46 3. Colorado 22 32 4. White Rus.sian 22 31 6. (Joose 22 25 6. Huron 21 53 An average yield of 22 bu.shels 8 lbs per acre. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. W.Ihnan's Fife 21 42 8. Priti<,de'8 Champlain 21 27 9. Alpha 21 20 10. Advance 21 20 11. Stanley 21 18 12. Rio Grande 21 13 !l* •ft! Expkkimental Farm for the ^Iaritime Provinces, Nappan, N.S. 1. Stanley 35 2. Preston 35 3. Wellm.-vn'B Fife 35 4. Red Fern 34 5. White Russian 34 6. Goose 34 Per .\cre. Bush. Lbs. 40 Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. Wh i to Connell 33 .5.'^ 13 S. Ifiiion 33 7 13 9. A.l vance 32 20 47 10. Old Red River 32 20 20 11. Rio Grande 32 12. rampbeUs White Chaif .'30 27 An average yield of 33 bushels 37 lbs. per acre. 37 Experimental Fakm fok Manituha, Buandon, Majj. Per Acre. BuhIi. Ijbs. 1. WhitoFife 38 47 2. I'li'stoii (2 yrs. only) 37 (15 3. Kcd Fife 37 4. Ri; 23 2ii 13 Per .Acre. Bu«h. Lbs. 7. Red Fif.v . 30 !) 8. White Council .30 ■! it. Advance 3(t 10. (;(jose 2!l 51 11. Red Fern 2!) 4il 12. Aiplia. 21) 37 An iivt'iage yield of 21: bushti-, .'50 lbs. per acre. The twt^lvi! varietios of spring wheat which have produced the largest average cc(i])s at all the farm-; for the past three years are : l'<»r .Acre. Bnsh. Lbs. 1 . IVeston 33 4 2. .Monarch 31 2 :;. \\'clllii:iIl'.'*Fii"e 30 30 ■i. \\'liit.' JMfe 30 25 5. KioClraude 30 23 (1. Old Red River 30 17 An averago yield of .30 1)U h.els "itl lbs. per aei-e. Tt will be seen that the new cr(js,s-l>r-ed varieties, Preston, Advance and .Alpha, which were originated at the Expeiinu-ntal Farms stand well to the front in these tests. Huron also, another of tiu! cnjss-bred sorts, gave an average for the three yexrs of 29 bushels 8 lbs. per acre, only 29 lbs. less than Alpha. PEASE, INDEAN CORN, AND FIELD ROOTS. The records of the varieties of pease are not yet sullieiently complete to peinut of an average of the crop for three years being given, a large propor- tion of those under test, having only been grown for one or two years at most. With Indian Corn the varieties which .stand at the head of the list for weight of crop are the large-growing dent sorts, which do not mature well in the short season at Ottawa, and hence do not make the best quality of ensilage. tf-. I ( 1^ ■.. l ' r i, , ii n 38 The different varieties of field roots have not always been consecutively tested during the past three years and therefore records for the full time are not available. In turnips the Purple Top Swedes, in mangels the vaiiu- ties of Mam moth Long Red, and in carrots the Short White varieties have iriven the best returns. TJIREE YEARS' EXPERIENCE WITH VARIETIES OF POTATOES. The; twelve varieties of potatoes which have averaged the heaviest crnps at the several experimental farms during the past three years are the fol- lowing : — Central Expkkimental Farm, Ottawa, Ont. Per Acre. Hu.sh. Lbs. 1. Late Puritan 30(1 10 2. Irish Daisy :&.) 4 3. llolborn AbunJ.'uico 357 8 4. Aniericuu Womier 334 46 5. Everett 328 52 6. Ifochester Rose 31(5 59 Per Acre. Bush. Lb3. 7. Dreer's Standard SIC 7 8. Early Harvest 314 8 9. Daisy .'{a") 34 10. Chicago Market ,305 23 11. I. X. L .301 35 12. Einpiro State 301 h\ An average yield of 325 bushels 35 lbs. per acre. Experimental Farm for the Mariume Provinces, Nappan, N.S. 1. IlolViom Abundance 433 2. Jvirly Puritan 403 3. Kcxhester Rose 397 4. Clarke's No. 1 .394 .393 391 5. (Jariuau No. 1. G. T. X. L Per Acre. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. Bu: h. Lbs. 3 7. Irish Daisy 377 23 13 8. i:)reer's Standard 377 13 30 9. Empire State 37ti 2:' 2 10. Late Purit.au 37ti 7 53 11. Lee's Favourite 308 :<'> 50 1:.'. Pride of the Markel! .31)5 .'iH An average yield of 387 bushels 55 lbs per acre. Experimental Farm fob Manitoba, Brandon, Man. 1. P(>arce's Extra Eaily .383 2. Everett .303 3. Early Norther 300 4. I'rid'.'of the .Market .3,01 6. Clarke's No. I .344 0. Late Puritan .343 Per Acre. Per Aur. Bush. Lbs. Bush. LI 7. Carman N>' 1 .3.38 3 8. Great Div.< i.: .337 2 9. Polaris :«.'{ .) 10. Early Puritai. ;;32 'J 11. Li/zie's Pride. . .323 .'i 47 3.3 47 40 27 12. E.arly White Prize... 312 An average yield of 343 bushels fiO lbs per acre. Extehimental Farm for the N. W. Territories, Indian Head, N. W. Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. 1. Lee's Favorite X)0 30 2. N' rthern Spy 339 3. Li/.zie's PriL* 283 3' 5 280 4s 280 41 267 3'; 39 EXPEUIMKNTAL FaUM FOR BRITISH COLUMBIA, AOASSIZ, P.. C. Per Acre. ]5ush. Lbs. Olay Rose :m 39 7. l,;ito Puritan i'.l!) 15 8. DukoURed :U)8 5 9. Vaiiier :(()4 35 10. I ri4i Daisy ■-".»9 23 11. Prize Taker 2rj8 27 12. Pfr .Vcre. Uiish. Lbs. Troy Seeding 277 Ddivwarb ' 207 OhicaKo Markt^t 2(13 .Anicrlciiii Wonii(3r 2li3 Kiiily Sunrise. . .' 2.")9 Mi)niymakfr 251 35 55 31 1 7 47 en. An average yield of 289 busliels 12 lbs per acre. The twelve varieties of potatoes which have produced the large-st average )p3 fur the past three years on all the experimental farms are ; Per Acre. Bush. Lbs. Latetaritan 334 .31 [ri.sh Daisy 33? 42 Km pire State 310 40 I, co'b Favorite 310 35 ( 'larke's No. 1 309 48 American Wonder 302 11 Per .Acre. Bush. Lbs. 7. State of Maine 301 45 8. Carman, No. 1 .300 40 9. Northern Spy , 297 21 10. Early Pori tan 2'Mt 48 11. Rochester Hose 292 28 12. Chicago Market. 292 20 An average yield of 306 bushels 55 lbs. per acre. ^ CONCLUSIONS. The results of these uniform tests of ao many varieties of cereals and potatoes clearly show the wide differences which exist regarding their individual productiveness. Sown side by side, on the same day on similar soil with the same treatment and subject to precisely the same climatic conditions, the variations in the weight of crop are remarkable, and furnish tlie strongest proof of the importance of selecting tlio.se sorts for .seed which have shown by their records that they are entitled to rank among the best. The variations between the largest and smallest crops obtained from the sowing of different sorts under uniform conditions during the past three years, at the Central Experimental Farm, at Ottawa, are shown in the fol- lowing table : — I Season of 1895. Sea.'^on of 1896. Sea.'^on of 1897. Crop Sown. it c2 a, 2a; 2 o . Ob a o 9 ^.< •^:,A » hJ 1-^ Hi r-< hi 52 5 P5 ^ « ^ ^ h4 - -3 Oiita 74-4 43' If. 1()() 20-8 57-22 23-8 85- 10 51-2 45 10 34 38 40-0 16 12 .57 12 41 7 18 3 14-8 39 9 Bailey, two-rowed 26 47 i':< si.x-rowed 58 f) 32 14 25-2(5 69 8 41 2 2H 6 .54 3 .35-7 18 44 Siring Wheat 30 40 13 40 170 24 20 9() 15 20 24 r)5 10 21 14 .34 IVtse 40 10 385 30-20 133 50 9 -.50 251-9 45 !".0 34 455-241159 30 11 -.■.() 295 54 31 -.'iO 402-36 140 139 42 17 -.50 Pot atoes 262 54 10 I'lie averages obtained, as the ffsults (jf the tests for three years, also fiirnisli conclusive evicJencc that luaiiy o*' the more prolific varieties show that prolific teiidoricy from year to year and under all the variatifuis in climiiie t'oiind tlu'ougl out the Dominion. Any of those varieties wliichaie placed at the head oi the list a^s t;xcelling in productiveness for the pjist tlifce years may 1k^ so., u with the confident expectiition of a good oi-uji, provided the conditions are moderately favourable, and as the cultivation of these prolific sorts l)ecomes more gener.al, we may reasonaV)ly anticipate a considerable increase throughout this country in the average yielij of grain in bushels per acre. In view of the large and increasing area under cereal crops in Canada, this subject is of great importance to the cou'.try. With the acreage now uikUm- cultivation every busliel of increase jn'i- acre in I lie cereal crops would add from two to three million dollars to the receipts uf the farming community in Canada, a large proportion of which would be clear profit. Some of the desirable sorts referred tc are already obtainable from seedsmen, others are being disseminated by growing them on the experimental farms and distributing the product in sample packages to farmers on application in all parts of the Dominion. 633^ 6/