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1
2
3
4
5
6
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Up. *»/• <•
t: , . /
T HE
/
Myfti
erious Congrefs.
^-; A ■ ■ .
Letter from j4ix la Chappely
DETECTING
The Late Secret Negociations there ;
Accounting for the Extraordinary Slownefs
of the Operations of the Campaign fince
the Aftion at DeTTINGEN ; and, parti-
cularly , for the Refignation of the E — 1 of
S R.
WITH
Many other curious Particulars relating to
the prefent Broils of Europe.
11
By a Nobleman, diflinguiilied for Integrity and
Conftimmate KtKrjoleage in Public Affairs,
LONDON:
Printed for M. Cooper, in Pater-nqfter^rcw. 1743.
[ Price Six Pence. ]
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Myjiehous Congrefs.
S I R.
;^'' ^J\^fx laChappely f^ Septembers I'J^y
OU R Water Drinkers here this Sea-
fon feem to verrify the political
Fidlion concerning the Waters of
Lethe '^ for all is Life and Spirit,
Gaity and Mirth, Profufion and Expencc,
juft as if the prefent melancholy Scene in Eu-
ropehzd been the Reverfe of what it is. There
feems to be no Memory, no ideal Traces of
the late and prefent Diftra6Vions and Devaf-
tations in thefe once happy Regions of Ger"
many ; and even the native Germans them-
felves feem as infenfible of the Miferies of
their Country as we Foreigners, and appear
not a whit more anxious about the dreadful
Confequencesoftheprf/^??^ dangerous Schemes
of the contending Courts.
I was many Days in Sufpence concerning
this general Spirit of Gaity and Infenfibility 5
I could not fuppofe it to be altogether fpon-
taneous, tho' it wore the Appearance of Na-
ture, bccaufe it apppeared to me unnatural,
A J, that
;. r^v^> "-"ye . <•••■■ '''•'?^ >>»i».\ f^cMif ■*■'*• ■» .- ^
t^-** '■■iA^*^ •J***
[4]
I
that a numerous Company of People, com-
pofed of Individuals or all the different Na-
tions of Europe, fhould be a£luated at one
time with the fame identical particular Paffi-
on : Such, in Reality, it appears throughout
the whole People here at prefent. The richer
Tradefman, the Artificer .and Peafant feem
as unattentiv6 to Cares and Sorrow as the Ba-
ron, the Count or Prince. This happy Pro-
penfity to Pleafures and Forgetfuloefs is not
more confpicuous among the Youth than
the Aged, nor among the Men of Drefs and
Gallantry, than the Men of Bufinef^^Pt^li-
tics and Intrigue. In ihort, 'tis one univerftl
Calm all over the Place, one general Sufpea-
fion from all manner of FuqSions that cm-
ploy the Head, or affeft the Heart. . . /.i^^'
- This general, but unufual Serenity, mSdc
me fufpeft it rather artificial than natural,
notwithftahdihg the uncommon Warmth and
Clearnefs of the Air, which undoubtedly
continue to infpire Mirth and Chearfulnefi. I
know you will look upon this Sufpicion of
hiine to be owing to an Oddity in my Tcm-t
per, or to that Propenfjty to Speculation,
which you often told me would create mc
much Occupation and Trouble in the Courfe
of my Life. All I fhall fay in my own De-
fence, is, that rhy Oddity or Propenfity to
fpeculating has often been of Vic to me in
tracing out Truth, when it appeared fo inve*
loped as to feem out of the Reach of human
Underitanding ; and that anj Trouble att;end-
3ng
'ik
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It
ke
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in
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lan
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k
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isl
ihg fuch Refearchcs as mine, even while they
fubfiit, is more than compeniiared by the
Leach ery of Eypc flat ion, which you,, my
Friend, as much as'any Man in Europe^ktiowf
by Experience, to be beyond that of Fruition
jtlclf. ■ ' • " ' ••
To indulge, then, an odd Turn of Thought,
which is always attended with Dehght to
myfelf, 1 refolved to pry narrowly into the
Life and Converfation of the foreign Minify-
ters, of whom we. hare here as many as would
form a Congrefs for a general Peace. I did
not think it impoffible to find amongft forae
of thcfe refine Statcfmcn the Source whence
allthe fecming carelefs Allacrjtyof this Place
imperceptibly iffued. You may be fure my
Attention was firft and principally fixt on
the Minitler of France^ who^afFe6ts to be vale-
tudinar)' more than many others Icfs florid lo
the Face, and rhore advanced in Years. I was
fcncouraged in the Experiment the more, that
I could not.be pcrfuaded that fo many Mi-
nillers. had flocked hither, forcuitoufly, at one
and the fame time ; You are acquainted witb
the Names of thofe who . are come hither
from tht: Ha^ue ; but the fecret Pknipo'^s far
exceed thcfe in Number. I don't know a
principal Power in Europe that has not a Mi-^
niftcr here, tho' their Chara<^ters be known'
to very few. They are all Invalids, vifit
to make the Waters pafs, and converfe topafs^
^way the time. Thus, perhaps, is the moil
important Ncgoci;iCion that ever Europe car-
. : ' ried
i
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♦^frjr-."''; . "V
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[6]
ried OR imperceptibly in the Face of theWorld,
under the Pretext of Recreation and Amufe-
ment. -^..
My chiefeft Care, as I hinted, was em-
ployed to be minutely informed of the A6ti-
ons of the Marquis de F n, I had him
yratched Night and Pay, and mixed in all
public Company he frequented. I was the
inoft afliduousor his Vifitors, the moft volu*
ble of his Gazetteers, and the loudeft in Praife
of his own particular Maxims, and thofe of
his Court. You won't wonder, if, by thefe
Means, and my being fubjeft to a Prince difin*
tcrefted in the prelent Broils of Europe, but
by Inclination, fufpe£^ed to wiih well, to
France, I came to be looked upon, if not as
a Confident, at leaft as one not to be fufpeft'
ed for Partiality, or of an Intention to ac-
quire Information, in order to communicate ic
abroad. In this Light was I viewed by that
Nobleman ; in this Light am I ftill viewed
by him and all his Acquaintance : I am look-
ed upon as a neutral Perfon, and am often
chofen a Mediator to adjuft Matters between
jarring Politicians. The Partizans of Bourbou
and jiufiria have frequent Recourfe to my
Impartiality. You fee, my Friend, your old
Chum is become the Man of Confequence,
when and where you would leaft expe6^ it :
But the only Plealurc I receive from my being
this Homme de Confequence, is, that I am there^
by the better enabled to amufc you, at leaft,
ii not fatisfy your Curiofity.
One
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ift.
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bne
1
" One need not fee on fo good Terms as I an<
with the principal Minifters here, and par-
ticularly with the Imperial, the French and
the Spanijh, not to perceive that Water-
drinking was not the principal Inducement
of aflcmDling fo many Statefmen together:
Nor could I, without betraying too great
Supinenefs, overlook the Politics of the Mar-
quis de F n particularly, to whofe Addrefs
may be afcribed that general Serenity or
Unthoughtfulnefs, fo obvious in every Face
but his own, where Thought and Care, tho*
imperceptible to the Multitude, feem to me
to have erefled their Thrones. You may per-
ceive himfelf fenfible, that the Difquietudes
of the Heart do work up into the Counte-
nance, for he is inceflantly making Faces and
complaining of Pains he does not feel, to
colour the Unevennefs which but too appa-
rently denote Solitude of Mind : But all his
Demeanor, all his Looks and Motions are fo
apt and well-feafoned, that few read his in»
ward Perturbations.
Thus, Sir, has this Minifter, by the fole
Force of his Addrefs, been able, not only to
hide his own Uneafinefs and Anxiety, but
even when he laboured mod under them, to
infpire all who converfe with him or fee
him, with Content and Serenity of Mind.
All the Minifters of his Party are in the Se-
cret, or aft as if they were ; for they are,
like him, eternally promoting fome trifling
Amufement or other, and inculcating the
Happinefs
<•»><*■ 'T<',
[8]
h
Happincfs and NecefHty of unbending the
Mind fometimes and forgetting Cares. To-
be at one of our Evening Circles, fometimes,.
you would imagine yourfelf at old yithens
among a Set of Epicureans, To pafs calmly
thro' Life, to gratify the Scnfes reafonably ;
in fliort, to go down, fmoothly and unruffled,
the Stream of this World, js th^ Dodrine
propagated at every Table, and feems to be
that which is imbibed and followed by all
Orders here. The AfFetiation of being in
the Mode is fo prevalent, that you won't
wonder if the happy Infedion be now become
univerfal, tho', as I have faid above, I look
upon it to be folely owing to the Addrefs of
Monfieur F—
-n.
You will naturally ask, to what End or
Ufc could this Scheme of general Serenity be
to that Statefman, fuppoling hs came with a
View to negotiate fome important Treaty ?
I anfwer, to cover his Intentions, and pre-
vent the Interruptions neceffarily attending,
public Negociation. But here has been, be-
fides, more NeceiHty for Difguife than ever
was known on other Occafions : For though
there feems to be a general Negociation tor
confolidating all the prefent Diiputes oi Eu^.
rape generally ; yet am I confident there are
two other more fecret Negociations going oti*
where the profoundcft Secrecy is nec^imrilv
pbferved, becaufe they direftly thwart each
other : And out of thefe again fpring lefl*er
negociatingShQOts>r^garding the particular In-
tcreft
I
\ m
^■^
f^i
tereft of Individuals, which require no IcfS
the Mask of Secrecy. Where there are a*
bove thirty Minifters, and all are Afting
and Counter-afting ; where all are in Motion,
yet where all would be thought to be in
none ; where all are diffident or each other,
and would fecm to confide with the greateft
Implifitnefs in each other; where, in (hort,
there is fo much a doing, and fo little Ap-
pearance of Bufinefs, you will fuppofe their
the refineft Strokes of the Miniftcrial Arc aie
prafticed.
The Situation of Affairs in Europe^ parti-
cularly in the Empire, requir-jd a Nesfocia-
tion ; but how to begin one was the Difiicul-
ty. The Dutch declined the Mediation of-
fered by the Emperor and Fra?ice ; the Vene-
tians excufe themfelves ; and the Pope would
not be reliihed by England particularly, and
fome other Proteflant Powers in Germany,
The Northern Powers were too intent upon
their own Affairs to be troubled or intrufled"
with thofe of others. Thus were Matters
circumftanced till after the late Aflion at
Dettingcn, which made it more necclfary for
Frame particularly, to haften the fetting a
general Negociation on foot.
To confider the Opportunity thrown in
the Way of France, from the Blunders of the
Confederate Army, to put an End to the
War, glorious to her own Caufe, one can't
but admire the fecret Workings of Provi-
dence, who delights to damp the Prefump-
B tion
'*-■
t 10]
tion of Man, by rendering the moft feaiibic
of his Schemes abortive. Never were Gene-
rals more infatuated, than thofe who gave
fo great Advantages to a fuperior Enemy ;
but never was fo great Advantage fo ill im-
J)roved. What an Italian Nobleman here
aid on that Occafion, though in very few
Words, fecms to exprefs very aptly the Cha-
rafters of the Generals of both Armies : The
Fools efcapedy bccaufe thy had to deal with Mad-
men, One Obfervation naturally arifes from
the Poignancy of thefe lively-drawn Charac-
ters, if true, viz. That Fools leldom improve,
but the Alad have their Intervals : And a
Review of the different Motions of thefe Ar-
mies, fince the Affair of Dettingen, will ra-
ther confirm than efface the Truth of this
Obfervation. / ' .
~ The French, as if recovered from the Fren-
zy, which obftru£ted their blading at one
Blow all the Hopes of the Courts oi Vienna
and Lofidon, prudently retired, not only to
cover their own Country, threatened with a
mighty Invafion, but to take all Excufe
from England particularly, for attacking her
in confequence of her Guaranty of the Prag-
matic SanBion, On this Side there are vifi-
bk Marks of Senfe and military Condu6t ;
but is it fo on the other ? I am afraid not ;
at lead it docs not appear to indifferent Spec-
tators, that the Allied Commanders have
improved the Advantages they had after the
Retreat of the Ftcnch over the Rhine,
It
m
fe
[if?r
It is fuppofed the Operations of the Cam-
paign were fettled at Hanau when Prince
Charles was there. The Plan, they fay, was
that young Prince's ; which I very much
doubt, becaufe I can't fuppofe he would be
Author of a Plan, whatever he might do to
agree to it in Deference to a ufe/ul Ally, that
fnould lay himfelf under infeparable Difficul-
ties. It might be Policy in one who intended
to temporize, whofe Views tended rather to
carrying Points at home, than making Con-
quefts on France, and who perhaps had feen
io much of Danger at Dettingen, that he had
no Stomach to more: I fay, in fuch a one
it might be Policy to divide the Forces,
in order to lefTen the Weight of the Attack,
and to fend the Prince where he muft expeft
to meet with the greateft Refiftance, or pafs
the faireft Seafon in Ina£lion. Thus, and in
no other Light, can the Conduft of the
Commanders of the Allied Armies be ac-
counted for. . . , ,*ii
For to fuppofe that England was in Ear-
ned, and that Prince Charles had the Direc-
tion of forming the Plan of Operation ; to
fuppofe that young Hero a free Agent, and
to a6l as he has done, would be to fuppofe,
that he is a mere Novice in his Profeflion,
or tha*:, being enamoured with the Sweets
of Hazard and Difficulty, he fcorned to con-
quer by the obvious and eafy Methods of
War. When that Prince was 2Lt Hanau,
he might with more Eafe march down than
B a up
^^m^'
jr^'A*
ii^i^;^^S?ffl?fl^5"'^^
up (f^c^hine. By marching down, he com-
manded the Paflage of the River, and was
at Hand to fecond, or be fcconded, in foi'
ring the Way into the Territories of France,
But what Advantages couJd be propofed by
his marching into a fterile Country up the
River, fuppofing he had been fure of pafling
ic, chat he might not hope for, had he def-
cended and joined or approached the com-
bined Army ? There were none, there could
be none in View. The Attack upon u4lface
by both Armies united, would be more vio-
lent and fecure, than it poffibly would or
can by their being feparated, and at fo great
51 Diftance from eiach other. The Specula-
tifts in military Affairs fpoke loudly of Mif-
Condu£l:, when the Intention of fuch a Sepe-
ration of the Armies was firft made public :
And did not they condemn upon good
Grounds ? Does not the Event prove the
Re^itude of the Condemrjation ? Has not
that impolitic Meafure afforded the French
breathing Time ? Have not they had, by
that fingle Step, Leifure to encrcafe their
Airniies in u^lface^ fortify their Lines, fortify
ajKj fupply their Towns ; and, what is yeC
pf more Confequence, to recover from their
Panic ? Seafons are to be obferved in all Af-
fairs of Life, but efpecially in War, where
a Day, fomtimes an Hour ui.improved, al-
ways retards, and often cbftrufls the Execu-
tion of the bed laid Schemes.
But
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by
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. But to confider that Sep^rstvQti of thcfe
Armies in another obvious Light, how fetal
may it prove ? To that commanded in Per-*
fon by a Warlike K g, may it not be
dreaded that it will risk too much in retreat-
ing, fliould it be thought impra£ticable to
attack the French in their Lines ? or fhould this
Army attack ar.d fail, where is the Refource,
when Prince Charles is at fo great a Diftance .^
Luck and Chance, that had preserved that
Army at Dettingen, may ftill accompany it ;
but without fome fuch fupernatural Aid, or
unlefs the French are ftill mad enough to flip
Opportunity, as they did on the Banks of
the Mayn, there is an Appearance that there
may be Caufe for regretting the Seperation,
and for faying, that even the Wife are not
always prudent. The Cafe may be ftill
worfe with the Army near Friburgh and Bri-
fac, ftiould it not be able to pafs the River,
or Ihould the combined Army at Spire meet
with any Check. The Country about Fri-
burgh, at beft is barren ; but after fo long a
Stay, of fo great an Army, we muft fuppofe
it quite exhaufted. What then muft become
of the Army there, fuppofing it cannot pafs
the River, before the Army below feparates
to go into Winter Quarters? The Prince
can't poffibly winter his Army in the Brif'
cau ; he dare not attempt wintering in j4lfacd
if he could, when perhaps the combined Army
is at fo great a Diftance as the Netherlands ;
and to march back to the Auflrian heredi-
^tary
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tary Countries, which he muft necefTarlly do,
in an advanced Seafon, will exceedingly har-
rafs the Whole, perhaps dcftroy a good Part
of his Army. ^i ,. .: .'.; i
But may not that young Prince run yet a
greater Hazard ? May not the French be not
only ftrong enough to prevent his vifiting
them, but to pay him an unwelcome Vifit,
when he is moft harraiTed, moft in Want, and
Icali: able to receive unwelcome Guefts, as he
would wifh ? Such adicifive Stroke is to be
dreaded, if the combined Army make not
more vigorous Efforts than they feem inclined
to hitherto ; and infallibly muft happen,
fliould Noailles join Cog?ii, leaving the com-
bined Army intangled with FortrefTcs, or
inclined to put an unmeaning, inglorious End
to a Campaign, begun with no View to the
Aggrandizement of t|3e Houfe of j^uftria^
tho' otherwife given out for carrying Points
at home.
Thefe, inaufpicious as they may feem,
are but Confequences that might have been
apprehended and forefeen very naturally from
a Separation^ which all the World condemn-
ed, as being repugnant to all the Maxims of
War, and, indeed, to all Maxims of found
Policy. The fna£lion of the Royal Army
(an Epithet of DiftIn£lion) which has beea
hitherto accounted for, as owing to the Slow-
nefs of the Dutch Troops, will be now with*
out Excufe, thofe Troops being joined, at
leaft come fo near as to be depended upon, in
•/ i fafe
4
f^
t
tJ
?»:
^ZnwTT-
at
I
.'i^. :
A
i •■
h> ■•■^■,-
-;Mf
cafe tlley have no fecret Orders t6 be on the
Dcfcnfive only. I fhall have Occafion here-
after, perhaps, to obferve upon the Policy
of the wary Dutch -^ but before I quit this
Subjeft of the Separation, let me do Juftice
to the Nobleman who lately commanded the
B -Jh Troops in the Field : I fhould have
faid nominally j for fuch it fcems his Com-
mand was for fome Weeks before he re-
/igned.
The Velt Marfhal, Count of ^J r, was.
thought by fome to have proje£^ed and ad-
vifed that memorable March to Jlfchajfen-
bour^i which had like to have proved fatal
to his Prince and the whole combined Army.
But when that important Tranfadlion came
to be difcufled and minutely fcrutinized* it
appeared fo far from being a Meafurc of that
Nobleman's, that it had been taken entirely
againft his Opinion. That March was a
Meafure folely H «; as, indeed, moft
Meafures have been, fince that Army took
the Field. What is certain is, that Lord
S r merited greater Confidence than was
rcpofed in him, on many Accounts, but par-
ticularly for contributing more than any o-
ther whatevei;, to the Efcape at Dettingen ;
and for having advifed following the Blow,
and arccicking the French the Day after the
Aft ion, when the HeJJians and Hanover i am
at Hanau might, if ordered, have joined
time enough. It is indifputablc that the Ad-
vice was eligible and confummate, confider-
• ^'^'
,ii4Ja!»«j i-
mmfmrnm
'HI
"•^-^
■•V
'fS^
[1(5]
Irig how high in Spirits the combined Army
was, and hovr Crefs-fallen and difconccrted
That of Monfieur Noailles : Nor is it unlikely
that the fame Politics, or Panic, ^vhich
I obferved might have influenced the
Refolution of feparating the Armies, had
prevailed on this Occanon : For when the
Heart is once ftrongly feized with any Paf-
ilon, there i« fcarce any Profpe£V of Advan-
tage can remove the contracted Prejudices
Sven the ftrongeft Efforts of Reafon are too
feeble to efface it. ''v i ' ^ '^
'V.iThofe who had endeavoured to have faf-
tehed the March to j4fchefenbourg on Lord
j:-.--^;-, would likewiie ^m upon him as Au^
thor of the Separation of the Armies, afteir
the Public cried out againft that Meafure.
This laft maliciousFi6iion was not fwallowed;
Sit kaft here, as glibly as the firft. We Werfc
ttow convinced that he was againft the March
to jifchejfenbourgh , was for pufhing the Ad-
Vantage at Dettingen, and that he advifed
attacking Marfhal Noailles the Day after;
fince he was not permitted to purfuc the
Hying French ; therefore it would be difficult
to perfuade us, that he, who had difluaded
againft the March, and advifed the Attack,
could be capable of advifing the Separation^
a Meafure fo obvioufly deftru£llve of the
Scheme concerted between the Courts of
London and Vienna, and fo felf-evidently a-
gainft all the Rules of War or Reafon.
l-\
No.
■PIP
^^'
H
]
No, Sir, that Lord was not fo much as
confulled on that important Occafion ; nor,
indeed, was he called upon for Advice in any
Affair of Moment ever fince the Arrival of
the in the Field. Whether any ill Of-
fices had been done that Nobleman before j
or, whether after •'he Arrival, the Hanove-
riam had found Means to ingrofs the R 1
Heart and Ear ; or, whether rather, the
noble Lord had reafoned and advifed with
too great Sincerity and Freedom, withouc
paying that Deference to the foreign Gene-
rals, which perhaps was expedled by them-*
felves and othtrs\ whichever of thefe was
the Reafon, I can't fay, but it is currently
believed here, and was, long before his Dii^
miffion, that he ftood but indifferently, when
there was moft Reafon for him to hope, he
fhpuld be beft received. The Word Dlf-
miffion here might more properly be fupplied
hy thzt oi R'lfignat ion, which was undoubted-
ly the Cafe, if our Intelligence at Aix be well
founded. My Lord requefted to be difmiired,
and his Requefts was as readily granted as it:
was earneftly made ; it being not at all im-
probable, that the K and the L — d were
heartily glad to be afunder. Few Princes
love the Liberty of fome Servants ; and there
are no honcft Servants who can, or ought to
help or correct Nature, when, perhaps, their
own Honour, the Safety of the Prince him-
felf, and the Good of their Country, depend,
C in
No,
^m,j-'-
■ ti'.<!«;'
m
in fome Meafure, on their virtuous Plain-
nefs and Tenacioufnefs.
A Chief General of an Army being ac-
countable, at leafl to his Honour and Cha-
rafter, for the Operations of the Campaign,
has a Right to the principal Dire£tion of all
military Affairs, while the Troops are in the
Field ; and it may be faid too, with equal
Propriety, that he has a Right to the Con-
fidence of his Prince. If he was thought wor-
thy of the Chief Command, furely he mull
be deemed worthy alfo f Truft and Confi-
dence : There feems to be a reciprocal Obli-
fation between the Prince and General : The
ieal and Afre£tion of the one exa6t the Fa-
vour, and Confidence of the other ; therefore,
whenever the latter fails, the firft neceflarily
ceafes. I may do a Man no ill Office,becauie
he -does not confide in me ; but I doubt whe-
ther my Chriftianity would carry me fo far
as to be '^arm and zealous in his Intereft,^
when I was convinced, from undeniable Evi-;
dence, that I was not only indifferent, but
even obnoxious in his Eyes.
Our Speculatifls here, tho' 'tis thought wc
have fome of themofl refined in Eur ope, feem
not a little puzzled to account for theConduft
that is fuppofcd to have produced the Refig-
nation of that noble Veteran in the Midft of
a Campaign ; and, in Appearance, at the
Eve of a general A£lion. They think the
Provocation mufl be very grofs that could
drive a gallant old Officer to a6l a Part that
would
■>w,-
I IP)'
^4.. .4
'^:.;::''*'*'^.^'*^-
la
[ 19 ]
would be as unfeafonabJe as without Excufe,
without fome offered, unbearable Slights and
Indignities. On the other Hand, they are at
a Lofs for the Motive that fliould induce the
offering fuch Slights as could not be brooked
by one of even more Phlegm and lefs Refent-
ment than my Lord S r.
We are riot unacquainted with the too
obvious Partiality in Favour of Countrymen;
nor that Councils have been called of thefe
only, tho' againfl all military Rules, even if
they had been Principals, as they are but
Mercenaries only. We are not uninformed
neither, that n\o^ Meafures have been fet-
tled in a private Cabal o^ /oreign Officers,
previous to laying them before a regular
Council for Form fake only; and that Tome
Meafures of Confequence were entered upon,
and even executed, without the Sandion of
any Council, at which the General, or any of
his Fellow- Sub jefts were prefent. We have
heard too much to doubt of Partiality ihewn
in the Choice of Starters, the Dates ofCom^
mij/ions, and many other Inftances : We have
heard alfo of Whifpers, that the Britijh
Troops were expofed, and fome others induftri-
oudy /pared at Dettingen: We have been told
too, that the Livery of / / ■ r was prefered,
on that important Day, to that oi England ;
at which one might wonder, if Prudence had
ever been known to conquer a rooted Preju-
dice.
C 2 The
'1:
;J-1I
[ 20 ]
, "The Report of all thtk partial 7 ranfaffi*
9ns have reached us here ; but ftill are we
at a Lofs, not for the natural partial Biafs,
nor the general Difcontent It might have oc-
cafioned amongft thofe who imagined they
had a Right to Favour and Preference, if any
were ihewn ; but for fomc Caufc more myl-
terious relative to the General particularly.
The rumoured Partiality afFe6led him only
in common with the Reft of his Countrymen }
and any dire6l Slights that were offered to
himfelf, may be fuppofed to have been fo
frequent that they became habitual ; for
otherwife we can't well account for his not
refigning fooner, fince it is confirmed by all
Hands, that he was no favoured, cheriihed
Perfon from the Beginning. " ' !
. 'Tis hard to guefs, you will fay, why a
Man would be entrufted with a Chief Com-
mand that was not liked ; yet we read and
have known many Inftances of the Kind-
He was of the prevailing Party, and a fit
Perfon, in a double Capacity, to perfuade
the Dutchy that the Court of L n had
changed her Syftem, and wasin earneft : But
tho' he a6led his Part, as became a prudent
and xcalous Servant, 'tis a Doubt whether
be would not have been more cheriflied if he
had been more obfervant of the real Senti-
ments of his Court, ft might be intended,
perhaps thought necefTary, to create a vait
Expcnce, to make a grand Figure abroad,
and to put on every Appearance of Earncft-
nefs J
U
i
*!»'#'.
^fi»
niy
d CO
in fo
for
not
r all
fhed
r *i ]
ncfs ; but ftill there might be Rcafon for not
relifliing a Man that fhould be too carneftly
for improving Opportunities, and procuring
fome Advantage for h*is Country, to compen-
fate for the exccffive Drains of a Campaign^
enormoufly expend ve.
A Suppoficion, then, prevails here, that
Lord S r, like the reft of the intruding
Party, was made an Agent of NeceiTity only ;
and that the fame ill Ufage and Power, which
forced him out of the Circle, will foon drive
out the reft, if they have not loft all Senfc
of Feeling. Obtruded Servants are feldom
continued longer than they are abfolutcly
neceffary.
'Tis thought, that the unguarded ExpreJ/t--
ons, which accompanied the peremptory Re-
fufal of the Memorial I fend you inclofed, dc
termined that Lord to an immediate Refig-
nation, which he had meditated for fome
Weeks before. The Memorial, you fee, re-
lates to a particular Tranfadtion in the Camp,
in which the B -Jh Officers thought they
had been mifreprcfented by fome fycophant
Foreigners. A Juftification, it feems, was
thought nccelTary ; but whether in Fa£l it was
necelfary or not, a Memorial relating to fo
great a Corps of Officers, merited fome Con-
nderation j or, if judged proper to be re*
futed, the Refufal needed not be accompa-
nied with themoft aggravating Circumftances
and Expreflions. It was too fenlible to a Man
of my L — d S r's Spirit, to be told. That
there
'i
II
^JT
7^
rjti^
ti
"h in tks Memo-
[ 21 J
there 'Mas not a H^ord of jT-
rial he Jo warmly efpouftd.
Lady Fame, you know, is a Bablcr by Pro-
fcflion j flic has too many Tongues to he
moved by Truth alone ; but if llie may hz
credited, all thcfe Particulars concerning that
gallant Nobleman, arc not only true, but
another not lefs natural t^ian any of the reft.
The many-mouthed Dame, then, reports, that
a perfonal Caution at D n, natural to
moft Men, and, perhaps, thought more ne-
nefTary in K— s than others, was fpokc of by
that L — d, with too h'ttle Referve, a Day or
two after that Aftion. Thefe Sort of Indif-
cretions are feldom forgiven ; the Point of
Honour is too fharp to be refifted by the Ar-
mour of either Intereft or Reafon. — But not
to detain you any longer on a Rejignation
which has been lately the Subjedl of all Con-
verfarions here, 'tis thought, that that dif-
tinguiflied Nobleman's former and late Ser-
vices, as a Minifter and a Soldier, merited
greater Confidence, more Favour, and better
Ufage than he has met with fince he firft
took upon him the Command of the Army
he has now quitted.
To confidcr the more than ordinary Ser-
vices performed by that Nobleman in his
EmbalTy to F e, it may be wondered that
he was flighted, in the late Reign particu-
larly, or even in the prefent. If it be true
that he had then don©, fignal Services to the
Family, he merited th<i Gratitude of all j
and
[ 23 ]
and yet wc have fcen him dropp'd by all,
and now (ignally flighted. What can we
impute thtXtPhenomina in Politics to ? Might
not he have over-rated his Services ; or were
they not o^ fo deh'cate a Nature, that, the*
they could not well bear the Light, he had
bragg'd of them as meritorious A6^j'ons ?
There are fome jicfiom that ought not to be
commanded y much Jefs performed, or even
at tern f ted lo be performed. But vve will-
leu ve the General to cover h»s D'fmifts with
amuf: .■; Ceremonials at the Hatrue, to trace
the nn fccrious Sffp.s ot our great Men here,
who cover important Nt'gociations, by an in-
tirc Sufpenfion of all minifterial Ceremonies.
I iiavc mentioned France, as ftanding moft
in need of fome Negociation or Expedient
for putting an tnd to the Broils oi Europe,
that fhe might ward off the threatened fnva-.
fion of her Territories, after the grofs Errors
of his Generals at Dettingen, But tho' that
Crown feemed to want Peace moft about that
Time, there are Reafons for believing that
the Bleiling was as earncftly fought by one
ot the invading Powers. The Queen oi Hun-
gary had been prevented coming to an eligi*.
ble Accommodation with the Emperor, when
Prague h:id been inverted laft Year ; that be-
lieving Princefs had been buoy'd up with
Hopes of great future Conquefts ; but how-
ever all this might have anfwered domefiic.
Purpofes, 'tis thought the Court of L n
waa never in earneft. That Cabinet might
be
'W
'm:^:
i^,
'\Siik •
. «> 't "■•
^
■J ^^ -If
Jlk{F -..'v^ij
[ 24 ]■■
':%"
*Tif:-
be glad of any Pretext for keeping Armed,,
perhaps, and of impoverifloing a ftubborn Peo-
ple, but our Speculatifts here won't be per-
fuaded that a War with France was ever in-
tended: And, indeed, the Conduct in the
Field, adds but too ftrongly to the Plaufibi-
lity of the buppofition.
As England then had no Averfion to a
Peace in/uturo, which could not afFc6l the
domeftic Schemes of her Court, France found
not much Diificuky in difpofing her to a Ne-
gociation, provided Dull could be thrown
into the Eyes of the Public. The French,
who abound in Men of Genius and Finneife,
propofed the Expedient lately executed here<
The Seafon, the Water, the Company, e-
very thing contributed to anfwer the Views
qf all who had any fntereft in keeping the
Secret of a Negociation.
' But under the Cover of a Negociation foi«
a general Peace, which feemed to be the In-
tention of the Court of £ n, the French
took the Opportunity of a feparat'" Nc^^ocia-
tion with Prujfia and Saxony. The H ;/,
\vho chiefly tranfafted the B -Jh Affairs
here, perceiving the Ufe France would make
of the Opportunity of a Congrefs, gave No-
tice to his Court, and had Orders to counter-
mine France, and, in Conjunction with the
u^uftrian Minifler, to treat feparately with
Prujfia and Saxony.
Bcfidcs thefe, there was a dirc6l Negocia^
tion between S^ain and Sardinia, and an in-
direct
•^r-«<(.^
o-
cr-
he
ich
in-
re6l
mr
- r 25 ]
dire£l one between the Emperor and the
Court o^ Vienna, in which France^hsid a iiharc,
tho' nominally it appeared otherwife. There
was alfo an Attempt to fet a Negociation on
foot for reconciling the Northern Powers:
But France, who has her Views in keeping
in the Fire between the Danes and Swedes,
till ihe has fettled her own Affairs, found
Means to thwart the Meafures of all who
had attempted to enlarge the Compafs of the
Negociation.
Now, that all Negociation here feems to
be at an End, or fufpended, and that moft
of the Minifters are retired to their refpec^
(ive Courts, or Places of Relidence, we may
venture to fpeculate on the various Negocia-
tions. But if, in this fpeculative Refearch,
I don't always hit on the true Pin of Affairs,
be fatisfied at leaft, that I fpeak the Senfe of
all the beft Judges here.
The general Negociation, carried on at a
Polijb Nobleman's Houfe, went on heavily
from the Beginning, but more from the Te-
nacioufnefs of the Auftrian Minifler, than all
the others concerned ; and he, indeed, of all
others, had mofi: Reafon to be tenacious.
He infifted on an Equivalent for Siktia, and
an abfolute Rf^Qunciation of all Rights to the
jiiifitian Inheritance on the Part of the Em-
peror. He in(i{ted like wife, for fome Days,
to be indemnified for the Expence of the
War, to be put in PoiTeflion of the * Stado
D da
• Fortrcflwes in the PofleiTion of the King of the SutHe:*
k\
iV- ^
r"
i >
^^
::!
'!a
i ' :,' ill
(^Rt^w^-.-^-f:-
c^-"
■w
\*F
[ 26 3
de Prajfdio, on the Coaft of Tufcany ; and
that the Grand Duke Ihould be immediately
ele6led King of the Roma?is ; but gave up
thcfe three laft Points : And tho' the Empe-
ror's Renunciation was a Point as ftrenuoufly
oppofed by the Imperial Minifter, as it \v as
earneftly prefled by the other ; yet a Modi-
fication being hit upon by Monneur F n,
the firft was the only Point that was never
brought to any tolerable Degree of Adjuft-
ment. The Modification mentioned above,'
was, that the Emperor and Queen ihould
furceafe all Purfuits of Claims to each other,
during the Term of Twenty five Years ; and
that all the principal Powers of Europe ftiould
guaranty the Performance. This Medium,
tho' not thoroughly relifhed at either Court,
was at laft digefted at Frankfort and Fienna.
But the AiFair of the Equivalent was infi-
nitely more puzzling. The Emperor was
incapable of giving any; the other Princes
of the Empire would give none ; who then,
but Fra7ice, was able, or ought to have com-
penfatcd the Queen for a forced Cellion of
one of her faireil: Provinces ?
. All agreed, and France herfelf could not
deny, that (he was beft able ; but many
doubted, and fhe efpecially infiftcd, that her
being able was a very bad Reafon for obli-
g'ng her to compenfate for the Depredations
cf another. The Current, however, being
againii: France, and Lorrain being in every
Mouth as the proper and only Equivalent,
• Monfieur
/
I !
:#jr
~..^T
'If-'
■v
\
[27 1
Monfieur F- n was driven to all his Shifts:
He propofed the fecularizing fome vaft i>pi-
ritualitfes in the Empire in Favour of the
Queen ; but finding the Gf/wj;/ Alarm genc'
ral on the Propofal, he dropp'd it for ano-
ther equally djftafteful to the Gennans, who
deiired no Increafe of the jiujirian Power, or
Dominion beyond the Rhine. This was, that
the Arch Dutchy oi Atiftria (hould be erect-
ed into a tenth Ele6torate, and that Hungary
fhould be incorporated with, and deemed a
Circle of the Empire. This laft Alternative
would go down well enough at Vienna, but at
no other Court in Germany ; therefore was
the Marquis obliged to have Recouife to
other Means, in order to turn the Tide of
Prejudice from his Country.
It was eafily perceivable that the Court of
Vienna was upheld by that of £ n ; and
that, could this latter be brought to acqui-
cfce to any other Equivalent except Lorrain^
the Queen of Hungary muft fubmit. All the
Batteries of his Addrefs and Invention the
Marquis pointed this Way. The Demolition
of the Works about Dunkirk was propofed ;
and even the intire Deftru61:ion of that Har-
bour was infinuated : But the H «, who
had the principal Dire£lion of the Negocia-
tion, turned a deaf Ear to all Advantages in
favour of E d: Therefore then was
Monfieur F— « obliged to turn his Thoughts
to finding out what might be deemed more
agreable to the H n Palate. He propofed
D 2 a
t s
t
I:.
;7T* ^'
. s^
:^
I 28 1
a fpccific Guaranty of the Eh^orate and all
Its Territories and Acquilitions ; and that this
Guaranty fhould be Itrengthened by that of
the Empire ; but perceiving that an Addi-
tion of Territory was the principal Point in
View, he propofed fecularizing, or rather
annexing the Bijhoprick of (Jznabrug and gua-
rantying the Poffeffion of it to H-^ r.
• This Bait being greedily fwallowed, it was
not doubted that the Queen muft be obliged
to f5t down contented with a very moderate
Equivalent in Money payable at feveral
very diftant Payments: But the Dutch, P ruf-
fian and Saxon Minifters, alarmed at the Wil-
lingnefs with which the H -n agreed to
fecularizing Oznabrug^ tho' he had been the
moft ftrenuous againft the firft Propofal of a
general Secularization in Favour of the
Queen, it was thought proper, both by the
Marquis and Baron, to drop that Part of the
Scheme for the prefent, intending, however,
to alTumc the Deliberation of it as Oppoi:u-
nity offered, either from fome intervening
Accident in the Courfc of the Negociation, or
from fome Advantage or Difad vantage in the
Field. Could a Difunion, as to that Point,
•be wrought amongft the oppofing Powers j
or did Prince CharUs pafs the Rbine, and ob-
lige the Ftaich to leave yiifaee open to him
■and the ccmbined Army ; or elfc did he at-
tempt palling, and was repulfed with great
Lofs ; in fliort, did any fignal Incident hap-
pen, the French and ^— — ;; Miniitcrs did
not
I -i
^.y":4
**r
-f-^.
y Vr »
[^ ]
not doubt but thereby there would be Room
to work upon the Plan of annexing Oznaburg
to the Dominions of i/—
■r.
One Thing was very diftinguilhable on this
Occafion, ofwhich Monfieur F n took all
the Advantage poflible. He faw that all the
A venues to the Friendlhip of the Court of^
L // muft be by the round-about Way of
H ri and that the greateft. Ad vantages
to E d equal not the leaft to the E — ^e.
This is the Compafs that Minifter fteercd
by ; and this, probably, his Court will fteer
and fucceed by, in diffolving the prefent, and
preventing any other Alliance againft France,
During a Sufpenfion of the general Nego-
ciation, occafioned, as has been obferved, by
the Oppofition of the Dutch, P ruffian znd
Saxon Minifters to fecularizing the See af
Oznabrugt particular Negociations were car-
ried on more vigoroufly. One had been fet
on Foot by L—d C 1 with C— t M o
at Frank/ ot t, in Regard to Spain and Eng^
land. My Lord would confine the Negociati-
on fimpiy to the Objects oftheprefent War
between thefe Crowns ; but the C — t infifted
to have a Settlement for Don Philip in Italy
taken into it. My L — d was forced to yield
to the Phlegm and Steadinefs of the Spaniard^
and, upon that Bafisy the Negociation was re-
moved from Frankfort hither. By this Means
Monfieur F n came to learn, that, if this
Negociation fucceeded, it muft be at the Ex-
pence of a DifTolution of the prcfent Har-
mony
TfitH .
■^■{1^ 'jf ■ -r >!<-•',
'JU
m..:,.
*
!■■' i
m
fin'
[30,];
mony between his Court and that of Madrid,
therefore he laboured to thv/art it; but find-
ing more Difficulty than he imagined, he
gave Advice to his Court, which occafioned
a Refolution of joining a Body of French to
Don Philips Army. This put an End to the
Panic of the Court o^ Vienna, who muft have
yielded Parma and Placcntia at leaft, as an
Equivalent for a Peace between England and
Spain.
It is plain enough, that if thefe Points could
have been gained, viz. a Peace with Spain,
by making Don Philip a Sovereign in Italy ;
and one in the Empire, by annexing Ozfia-
hrug to the E c, the Grandeur of the
Houfe of u^i^r/^, and the Bal/ancc 0/. Power
viTould be quite forgot by the moft puiffant
of the prefcnt Auxiliaries of that tottering
Houfe. This, I think, proves evidently, that
the Support of the Houfe (^^ Aufiria was but
the fecondary View of the Court of L n,
in the expenfive FigUire (he makes in the
Mhint. England, certainly, has an Intereft in
accommodating her Difputes with5/d!/«; but
undoubtedly fhe can have none in aggrandi-
zing the E e ; and yet if France had been
able to gain on PtuJJia and Holland to agree
to ihefccul arizing Scheme, the Queen c^^ Hun-
gary , who ftood E ^fo much of 1 are, muft
be obliged to agree to theTcrms of Fra7iceSYhQ
Stcadinefs of the Opponents has hindered the
Perfe8:ion of this Scheme hitherto : but as
no Difficulty of this Nature is infurmounta-
ble.
f '-^i^k,.
ble, we may expeft chat France will, fooncr
or later, extricate herfelf, by procuring Ad-
vantages for an E e that had contributed
fcarce any Thing tov/ards the Expence in-
curred.
The Negociation aforefaid, between S — ti
and E d, opened Way for an Attempt of
one between the Courts of Madrid and Turing
but it had no other Effe£l: than to quicken
the Pace of tliat of Fienna, the floweft in
the World, to adjuft all Difficulties between
her and the Court of Turin, I won't anfwer,
however, that this laft Court, who under-
llands her Interefts perfedlly well, won't lif-
ten with Serioufnefs to Spain if fhe exceeds in
her Offers ; and that the French join the Spa-
niards in Savoy, . . - ' > -♦
But the grcateft Pains, at leaft the moft
general, were taken to gain the Court of
Berlin, E d would naturally have greateft
Influence there if her K had not been a
neighbouring E r : But, notwithftanding,
a Prejudice on this Account, which is not like
to be eafily effaced, fhe would fucceed before
France, if fhe had a6led diftin£l]y from H—r:
But by being led into the Scheme for fecula-
rizing Oznahrugt fhe increafed the Jealoufy
of Prufjia fo far as to induce her to liften to
the Overtures of Fr^;/r^ • preferable to all o-
thers. France improved this Advantage and
concluded a Treaty with PrufJia, which will
oblige the Queen of Hungary to moderate
her Imperioufnefs towards the Head of the
Empire,
'"''^f.
.^ » ■ •='
.*-^
[32 1 1
%
.i»,>
Empife^ ^nd even to abandon all Thought!
of making Conquefts on France ; or, at Icaft,
of detaining fuch Conquers, fliould fhc be
Ip fuccefsful as to make any. j.
This, in my Apprchcnnon, was the only
Treaty brought to Perfe£tion at this P^ace,
tho' feme oth' s were fo advanced, that they
may be foon concluded : But as any fignal
Sucqefs in the Field, on either Side, muft
change the Syftcm of the principal Parties,
there is no judging how far Demand* may
^ife or fall ; This, however, we may conclude,
that whenever Peace is made, it will be at the
Expence of the Qupen of Hungary, in Italy
as well as in Qermanyt provided any Acqui-
sitions of Power or Territory can be gained
by France to H r. Here centers all the
Politics of the Court of £— » ; here centers
alfo the Exjpcnce of E d \ therefore, if
France can, hj any Scheme, procure Ad van-
.tage here, the Weight of £ / > > d necef*
Jarily fubfides on that Side.
Firewel, my noble Friend ; if I ihould be
fo unhappy as to differ wit;h your Notions of
public Affairs, let me (land cxcufed, for fol-
lowing thofe of all our refined Politicians
here: But> however, I may happen tod ifa-
gree with you in political Speculations, I fliall
be all my Life ijng, . -., -^ .
FINIS.