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 :©-:!«,^,.ipia'--" 
 
 
 DENDRITES, 
 
 BATeilClilANS AND REPTILES Of NOVA SCOIIA, 
 
 By a. H. MacKAY, Ll. D., F. R. S. C. 
 
 Fnnit the I'nx rfdi ikJs nf lie \,,r,i Scn/iaii In^ilihilr nf Siiciic, 
 
 \'iil. IX. Srssimi IS'.'',-'.":. 
 
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 XXXVIII 
 
 I'ROCKEDINOH. 
 
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 14T9G 
 
 I'orinH Olihl.VAItV MKKTr.NMi. 
 
 Cif.'/ Cuunril Cluunhn, JI„,if,u, ,n,U Fehn.anj, 1800. 
 Tlic I'ltKsinKNT ill the cliiiir. 
 
 e nsftuto, n , „ .,f .,.,Hs,. frceston. five tinu. the Hnoa. Z.21 
 o t ,.e.,ue.| pl,ot.^..phic n,,n.entatio„ ,ivo,. below, and benr "I 
 
 1. sc. tH,K vo.y elosoly ,„ gonemi outline tbe figures and color of .son^ 
 
 of the buely spraye.l, red seawee.ls for wbich they M-ere no, uhrlv 
 
 a en. ... ,^ the ordinary b.,..,,,. tests, the si.uLto.I fro.uW U I 
 
 -.1 alga turne.l out to be an oxi.le of n.anganese instead of a fossil, ad 
 
 I 
 
.i, 
 
 \ X X I X 
 
 MA.KVV OX MAV.;anksK I.KNDIMTRS. 
 tl..' mi.Tfw„i.,. <I('i.i..n.strat,M| d,,. ,,„ii,„ j, , , 
 
 "-' '■■ ' '^ -■•-; ::r;";,:i:;r;c;:i: 
 
 AlA\(fA.NK,S|.: I)l.;\l)i,ilt< ,,v. I. 
 
 ""■It)'. Tl,o stru<.l„„. „f ,|„, ||,,„ ,|,„„,., , 
 
 tl.n flr,t point „f a,.,,„,iti„,, |„,„i , ,.,,,,;,,"; °„ '""'■' ■'»'"'■'" !«' 
 oxk.,Klo.l i t„ n ' T: " '■■^"'," ' '■""■ '■ ">" P»".' ""..1,1 l„ 
 
 i,'^ !> f,l 
 
 
 
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 xl 
 
 I'KOCKKDINOH. 
 
 pi'M. itmIh iiiwani with n .sciiii-cirriilur, nlli|itii'al or nlhcr proxiiimtt! form 
 of a irvf, II iMiliatiii;^ Byntniii of lines would In- niiiiircil to Hpiin^' ii|> 
 wlu'lU'ViV tin- ilivt'i'fii'lKif Ix'twocii two lines of |preei|iitiitioii excpfiletl 
 twice tlie efl'eitive atti'aetivi' (listaliee of the aj.'Kr<'';atinns of tlepo.sits. 
 Tims there would ri^siilt .i radiuliii;,', sjiray like depo.sit, the luaiiehes 
 liiidiling fortli at pointH iicceasary to allow of the iirt-cipitation of all 
 iraterial within the ran^'e of the sjiecilic attracting forci'. It will 
 1)»' seen that tlio liranehiiig of inieli of thene fij^iires |iraeti(ally tills 
 up it.H particular hasin so as to aecoinmodate the precipitating molecules 
 witliiii a proximately constant ditaute. 
 
 Hi? illustrated the same, or a similar priiwiple, hy enclosing between 
 sets of two niicrosco|ie glass sli<k's, foluti(»iis of a vaiiety of chemical 
 salts, clipping the sides lirmly together, and allowing the water to evapo- 
 ratt! from the oin'ii margins all aroni\d. In many of these the salts 
 were preci|)itate(l in more or loss ahori'sceiit ami vine-Iiko forms starting 
 from the open margin. Under the polariscope tlu'sc forms wuri! exhibited 
 to those present, the various plays of color making the exhibition of 
 popular intercBt. 
 
fA^im^t^ma.. 
 
 MACKAY itX KIN'i AND OAinKIl SN \KKS. 
 
 xH 
 
 f -X'.a 
 
 l»u. A. II. .M.mKav [ircsciiti'il a ilt'.-iccitiMl s|ic(:iiii(u of iJiut/n/ilii.i 
 jmnrtafitK (L.), IIh' Kiiig-iictkol nr KiiiK Siiiikc of Novii Scotin, far 
 pxaniiiiatioii hy tlif incinbors lu'csciit. Tlic s|i(;(!iiiic'a was (aptun'tl 
 alive, iliiriuj,' tin' [ncvions fall, at Piiii: Hill, iitiir tlic I'utk, and was pri-- 
 Hciiti'd to him ^),V tlio Kcv Dr. (ionioii. Its lialiits in rajitivity wore 
 dcseribi'd, tiio iniiiciiial one (not iffcrri'd to in tliu other pajiers ren.l 
 before the Institute) bcinj; its ability, after moistening its ventral i»lnt«.s 
 by jia.'ising through v.ater, of elinibing up the more than vertical walls 
 of a tall gla.ss beaker in whieh it was kept. As the mouth uf this largo 
 beaker was covered with a .sheet t)f thin cotton (doth clamped around 
 it."-' mouth by a rubber band, the snake used to (dind) up to the top and 
 take a circular jiosition around the mouth and as elo.se to the band as 
 po.ssible. For u coujile of months it was presented with quite a variety 
 of things to eat and drink, but wii.s never (deserved to take advantage 
 of wdiat was oth^red, e.Kcept to go gliding 'hroiigh the water (jr other 
 liipiid supplied. I'eing neglected for a week or more toward.s the 
 beginning of winter, it was found dead and desiccated one day, when 
 the experiments came to a dose. It agreed closelv with tin specimiur 
 described in detail by Mr. Harry Piers on the Hth March, 18*J2. (See 
 Vol. viH., page 181, Trans. X. 8. Inst. Sci.). 
 
 He then described an exciting frog hunt by one of three large 
 Garter Snakes, (Eutainia alrtali" )—i\so of them having been killed to 
 give the frog a bettor chance — which he had the good fortune to .sec on 
 the partially dry bed of a rivulet near the X'iclaux river in Annapolis 
 county. The cunning and persistent determination ■^jf)'vn by the snake 
 in this case was most remarkable, wduither in swimming and diving in 
 the clear giavel-bottomed pool, or in climbing the rock and the bank. 
 
 ;,«i™kasBi.4i. 
 
 
^ 
 
 ' i 
 
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 xlii 
 
 PIIOCKEDINGS. 
 
 The infalu;.ti.,ii ..f tlu> fr..jr-a fine larKo Creeii Frog, (/{am riamntn) 
 it ai.|>ejire,l to he~\vas shown by its ahvay.s retreating to the; water 
 where it remained nntil closely |.nrsued, when it sprang out in a leap or 
 two to on(! side where it renniined unconscious of any other i)resence, 
 hut very sensitive to the insidious approach of the snak.' wiio was sd 
 interested in its gam- that tlie presence of the slaughterer of its two 
 co'leagues was, apparently, a matter of no conse(iuencp. Owing to a 
 uiistid<en observation that 'm- frog had finally escai)ed and that the lumt 
 was over, the snake was killed, when it was discovered that it was still 
 stalking th(^ frog and would liave caught him or have forced him again 
 into the pool. As the hunt continued for several minutes, a great numy 
 manoeuvres by land and water were observe.l. He refcrreil to notes nia-le 
 on the habits of the same species as described in the Transactions of the 
 Institute, Vol. I, part 2, page 120, by J. M.Jones, Mav 2nd, 1865; 
 Vol. 1-, page 81, by ,1. IJernard (iilpin, April, 1875 ; and Vol. iv, page' 
 16;}, by John T. Mcllish, May, 1876. 
 
 After discussing the distributi<.n of ihc Keptillia in the Atlantic 
 Proviii,es,*he gave ti,e append..! list wlii.li biiclly shows all the species 
 known on good authority to be found within the Provinc.' of Nova 
 8('otia. 
 
 He next prcsentc.l a living specimen of the Xewt, ( Du-)»ij,-h,}m 
 nri>/,.'scnis), which was examined by the membeis, swimming in water 
 and moving on the tablo. It was one of a jiair which had "come, the 
 «i>ring before from a lak.- in the county of I.uneidiurg, and the habits 
 of uhich he had been studying for a year. The other, having been 
 taken for .some time with an apparent longing for the wi.le woild 
 lieyon.l the horizon of its tank, whi.'h for some days before it was pen- 
 sively gazing at from an island mck, must have maije a leap or unusual 
 reach, and escaped never to be seen again. He gave an outline; of its 
 history from the minute eggs dei)osited in spring on small leaves of 
 water plants ; of its growth in the water, until in August or September 
 it gradually changed into a red land salamander, left the water and 
 hunted like a terrestrial animal, with air breathing apparatus and even 
 a ciliated epithelial lining t<i its air passages. Until lately this stage 
 used to be considered to be a species of salamander. Then, when 
 mature, the " crimson eft " betakes itself to the water, changes its 
 color to an olive green with a row of minute black-bordered vermilion 
 spots on op.ch side of its back. Its breathing ai)paratus again becomes 
 adapted to the water, ovc , the ciliated eiuthelia disappeaiing. The 
 
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 "S^^^a 
 
 MACKAY ON THE NEWT. , xliii 
 
 ^pocimen was for a yen,, i,. this sp^dd.-l olivo-g.ii stnK-, wI.-m it is 
 ^....yaw.t.ani.a.,.UI.,.,^^ 
 
 «atc., .u I so,n.tnn.s appnars to talc ploasuro in baski„. l.i,h a.ul .Irv 
 Its poeuha.. and very de.n.Ie.l a.nplnl.ious nature nrS it ev n .i 
 ".toro.t.ng f,.o„. a biological point of vie. than any of its eo . 
 a.nong our .atracl.ans. He describe,! its n.annor of eatebin: 1Z 
 gl-nj,' My when thrown on the surface of the water, while a le.u or 
 jnoUonless fly would not be touched ; its swailowin o ' a i^ 
 
 to w ,b the fibres wercMuade to adhere. H. ,.f,,,,„, ,. the de.scrip- 
 K^^f a specnnen by H.ny Hers, before the Institute. 14th March 
 1892 as g.ven .n the Transactions of the Institute, Voi. 'v,„, page IHs! 
 He then discus.sed the distribution of the other batrachian relatives 
 the New ,n the Atlantic Provinces, and gave the following list 
 he species known to belong to the Province, on good authorltv In 
 the rnuseun. of the Pictou Aca.iemy there were s^ecin.ens o U the 
 reptdm and butrachia of the list except the Wood Tortoise, whi wa 
 given on the authority of Mr. Jones. ,a a paper already ref;rred tl 
 
 DATRACHIA AND ..^I-t.Ua OF NOVA SCOTIA. 
 [No>»rnrIanur of Jo>.hu>:>. Manual of II,. InrnM>rat,., mS.] 
 
 Class -HATRACHIANS. 
 
 Order— .S'rt/a;/ifu/,/,^w. 
 
 1. Amhlystoiim pmittatiiin (L). 
 ( Vellowspoltcd Salaiiiiindui). 
 
 2. I'letlioflon erythroiiotiia ((Jreen). 
 (Ked-biicked Sithiinaiider). 
 
 3. ? (Blackish sp.) 
 
 Order- X' irtx. 
 
 3. Dieiiiyclylua viridesceiis (I!af). 
 (Red Eft, or Verniillioiispotted 
 
 Olive-Hack Newt). 
 OviXar —Totni- and Froi/.i. 
 
 4. Bufo lentiginosus' (,Shaw). 
 (American Toadl. 
 
 5. Hyla versicolor (Le Conte). 
 (Coinmon Tree Toad). 
 
 6. Flyla Pickeringii (Holbrook). 
 (Pickerings Tree Toad). 
 
 7. Rana viresceus (Kalni), 
 (Lfopard Frog). 
 
 8. Rana sylvatica (Le Conle). 
 (Wood Frog), 
 
 9. Rana clamata (I)aiidin). 
 ((Jreen FrogK 
 
 10. Rana Catesbiana (Sliaw). 
 (Bull-Frog). 
 
 Class— KEI'TILKS. 
 
 Order— .SV/7»,(/.v. 
 
 1. Storeria ocuipitoniacidata (Stor). 
 
 (Red Bellied Snake). 
 '-'. Kutainia sirtalis (L). 
 
 (Coninion (iarter Snake), 
 .'!. Liopeltis vernalis (DeKay). 
 
 ((irass Snake). 
 4. Baseanion constrictor (L) 
 
 (Black Snake). 
 T). Diailophis punctatus (L). 
 
 (Ring-necked Snake). 
 Order -7'«/7/,N. 
 
 6. Derniochelys coriacea (V'andolli) 
 (Leather Turtle). 
 
 7. C;iiclydra serpentina (L). 
 (Snapping Turtle). 
 
 8. Chry.seinys picta (Hermann). 
 (Tainted Turtle). 
 
 9. Chelopus insculptus (Le Coute). 
 (Wood Tortoise). 
 
 »l£BfcW.i,iV-i