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23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580
(716) 872-4503
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5
6
I.HIBI
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THE
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HIB
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I.HIBBEN&CO.
-5; , ' ' ' '
— SOLE -
AGENTS FOR
iiiiBWt
Macmunn's Views.
Bt?ITISH COLtUmBIA
iGRICILTORiL ASSOCIATION
EXHIBITIOW of 1888
-TO BE HELD AT-
THE GROUNDS OF THE ASSOCIATION
S£! JiL.COXT SCXXiXj ■
THURSDAY, MM AND SATURDAY,
4th, 5th and 6th OCTOBER, 1888.
pi<ogi<anime, Rnle^ and ^egnlation^.
Published by O. A. Prrrin,
At "Thk Coiajnibt" Steam Printing House, Victoria.
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HIBBEN & CO. -^^mT: Agricultural Works.
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NICHOLLES L RENOUF,
— SUCCKSSOHS TO-
BURNS & COMPANY, - VICTORIA, B. C,|
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in all kinds of
Hardware, Tools, Bar IroD and Stt
SOLE AGENTS IN BRITISH COLUMBIA FOR
Brantford Light Steel Frame Binders, Self Raking Reapers, FronJ
and Rear Cut Mowers.
Brantford Single Shake Fanning Mills.
Climax Double Shake Fanning Mills.
Brantford Grain Drills.
Brantford Broadcast Seeders.
Centennial Sulky Rakes (self-dumping).
Norwest Sulky Gang Plows.
Brantford Sulky Plows.
Brantford Sulky Gang Plow?
Mohawk Chief Jointer Plows,
A full line of Breakiuj^, Stubble, Sod, nnd Double Mould Board Pin
always on band.
Climax Separators. Minnesota Chief Separators.
Waterous Enoiine Go's Chopping Mills, Fireproof Champion Farm EiigiiiBj
Saw and Shingle Mills, Grist Mills and Planing Machines.
E. P. AUis & Co's Gradual Reduction Roller Grist Mills.
Beckett & Simons' Patent Automatic Cut-off liingines and Steel Boilers.
Also all kinds and makes of Garden Drills, Cultivators, and Horse-PdWfj
Threshing Machines.
Sole Agents for tlic Celebrated SNOWBALL Wagon, the Best in the Marl^UL!
OURS IS THE MOST COMPLETE STOCK IN THE PROVINCE,
SEND FOR OUR ILLUSTRATED OATALOaUE.
"We carry a full line of Repairs for all Implements anj
Machinery Sold by us.
NICHOLLES &L RENOUF.
F,
BRITISH COLUMBIA
A, B. C
fflCllLTIIRAL ASSflCIATIflN
pers, Froni
EXHIBITION OF 1888
-TO BE HELD AT-
seeders,»HE GROUNDS OF THE ASSOCIATION
ing Plow?
Boiird Pl<i
?!irni Eiigine!|
les.
el Boilers.
Horse-Pitvifi
BEACON HILL,
, XWl,
♦ « ^ »» »♦
IPTlOOrTl^AJsKls/nEl^
in
E,
LOGUE.
ements anl
iULBS and REGULATIONS
PUBMSHED BT G. A. PBRRIN,
At "The Colonist" Steam Printing Housh, Victoria,
1886.
BHiMi
"^■""'«"«K(^ffiWttS?#a!»^'3«'^*^^»
JOHN BOYD,
Impot^ten,
Wholesale Merchant
-IN-
WINES, SPIRITS AND TEAS
STOCK ALWAYS ON HAND.
W^INES Cliampagnes, Sparkling Mozelle, SaKternes, Supcriur Sherries aii:|
Ports, Ginger Cordial and Wine.
BRANDIES 111 Bulk and Case, Peach, Cherry and Ginger.
WHISKIES Scotch, in Bulk and Case, Boyd's Blend, Jaiiipbellown, Iol.ij|
Iry, John Glenlioet, Fetter Cairn, Dawson's Bourboi. and Rye, Irish
Case, Jameson's, Bark's XXX, Dunville and other Braiids.
GIN John De Key per iJy: Sons, Rotterdam, l$oord & Sons Old Tom.
BITTERS Augustura and Orange.
ALES and PORTER Guiness' stout, in pints and quarts, liass" Air. \(.\
TEAS Choice Breakfast, Bkick, Choice Moniry, Black, Twanky (Ircifl
Young Hyson, Green.
Scotch Whiskies a Specialty.
Nothing finer has ever l/oen imported here. Any of the aliove can be hmU
VVliole or Assorted Cases, WHOLESALE and RETAIL.
Yates Street, Victoria, B. C,
P. 0. Box 481
8
H- SlicnicN anil
l!ass' Air, iVc
Tvvixnky ('^4
HEIvTI?,
S jEBl. C3 -E\» -1-3
lanufacturer and Importerof Fire Arms
FORT STREET, Near Government, VICTORIA, B. C.
BiiortiiiKand Pocket Cutlcrj-, Fishing Tiicklo, Cricltot and hawu 'IVnnis Goods,
(jrirtr liont and Meorsclnuun Pipes, tJi^ars and ('iKarellt! Holders, Walking Sticks,
l"tc. AKcnt for Colt's Fire Arms, Xyno('h & C;o's Cartridges, Ktc, and Ideal Re-
loiuling Tools. Ilei)airs in the Gnn Trade neatlj' and promptly oxecutod.
P. O. BOX 179. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL.
lole AgentforJ. F. NOLAN'S Bessemer Compound
gSA SURE PREVENTIVE OF RUST ON METAL.'ffii
Dean S. Sears,
Maker
Wharf St, bei Tates & Bastion,
IVER MARVIN =^!
SHIP CHANDLER,
VICTORIA, B. G.
'ents, Awnings and Tarpaulins,
Mining Hose Made to Order.
. Box 48B OLD SAILS BOUGHT AND SOLD.
HOME INDUSTRIES.
i
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i
— w-lLIMITED.yw—
Store, Chatham and Discovery Streets
■VIOTORI-A..
— -hHKJiON HAND A.N33 KOR SAl^E SiK--
The Largest Stock and Best Assortment in the Province.
lei
Donkey and Hoisting Engines,
Crab Winches, Jack Screws,
Pumps and Injectors for Feeding Boilers,
Steam and Water Pipes,
Gas Pipes and Fittings]
BOILER TUBES,
PLATE AND BAR IRONI
Bolts, Nuts and Bolt Ends, all sizes ; Steam Gauges, Vacum Gages, ( ilokj
Valves, Cocks, Gongs, Rachet Drills, Leather and Rubber
Belting, Whistles, Lag Screws, all sizes.
Agricultural Implements, Hay Presses, Hay Feeders, EltBoxx,.!,]
W. F. BULLEN, Secretary. ^„
^ P. o. bI
J. C. DEVLIN,
-DKALBR IN-
Farm & Dairy Produce
[Highest Cash Price for Wheat, Oats, Grain, Etc.
A Full Line of Feeds in Stock.
V.
)8C0SMOS' BLOCK,
GOVERNMENT STREET.
STEMLER AND EARLE,
Iteam Coffee and Spice Mills
DocosMos' block:,
iGovemment Street, VICTORIA, B. C.
xid Fittings!
[anufaoturers of COFFEES, SPICES, MUSTARID and
RAICIISTG PO^VDKK.
ictofia Planing Cllills
ROCK BAY BRIDGE, VICTORIA, B. C.
UIEHEAD&MANN
Manufacturers and Dealers in
[oui,r)iisr<a.s, doors, avindo^vs, blinds, i>ijA.>r-
ING A.ND SA.'VVING, ETC.
p. O. Bpx 228,
«r -St
TELEPHONE 554,
6
VICTORIA
Piee^GDills
STORE STREET,
VICTOEIA, - B. C
r;
1 1 '
V : 1
China Rice, all Grades.
Rice Flour,
Rice Meal, for Cattle, Etc .
Chit Rice, for Poultry.
rial
1.1, t
V^U^ji-^kV^A^-- -;.>«-^ -^'
FOR THE BEST CUTLERY
ShO TO-
lv£-<5s
|Who Keep Constantly on Hand a Large Assortment of Pocket
and Table Cutlery, Razors, Scissors, Etc.
IaIso Platedware & Fishing Tc^ckle
NO. 78 GOVERNMENT STRE.: f.
C5^
-MANUFAC'TUHKIl OF-
J
Soia Vater
LEMONADE,
Ginger Ale,
fT.'Z^l LA"E V/ATER3,
XvW m. ETC.
BHSENCKS OK
Peppermint
AND GINGER
AND ALL KINDS
OF BYUurs.
^I?. O. HOX ;3(«J^
|Brick Building, Waddington Alley, VICTORIA, B. C.
DKAI.EH IN
INew and Second Hand Furniture
CROCKERY, GLASSWARE AND CUTLERY,
limtcr Orocks. Stone Cliiirns, ^huimellcrt and (irniiitc AVnrc, Baskets, ('hind, Mnt-
fiiiK. Oilclotli, Mirrors. Washing Maeljines, Wringers. Cloth' s Horses. New Patent
J. amp Uruekct, Wood 'looth I'ieks. I'eathe'- Pillows (ttK. Alattresses.
CARPE're SOLD AT COST PRICE.
^GENT FOR THE NEW HOME SEWING MACHINE
riu' Lnleat and Most Improved Maeliinc in the Market, light running and almost
noiseless, with self-winding Uobbin and other Improvoments.
.Itry. llDD FELLOWS' BLOCK, DOUGLAS STREET,
8
I
PENDRAY & CO.
53
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Soap ^SATorksl
ARE PRODUCINQIIN LARGE QUANTITY
The Finest Quality and Variety of Soa p|
to be Found in this Market.
m'- :!
IN PART CONSISTING OF
British Red Mottled, British White Mottled, British Blue|
Mottled, Finest Yellow Soaps, Superior Borax Soap.
ELECTRIC A GLYCERINE SOAP. FINEST TOILET SOAPS.
I ' !y
Also Dealers in Caustic aoi Sal Sodas aoi M
CLIMAX WASHING POWDER,
flySOLlME SOAP POWDER, Ihe Best ShavlDg Soap io the World.
:,-ihJ'::-:
, British Blue]
orax Soap.
The Colonist
EUUIS & CO., Pfoppietops.
We respectfully call the attention :
of Business Men to the Complete !
I
Facilities which -we Now Possess
for the Execution of every descrip- I
tion of Book, Label and
JOB PRIHTING
in the Finest Style of the Art, and !
1
at Pricas that will be found Rea-
^ , . I
sonable, and can also guarantee
that Our Work will be Second to
none in its execution.
a
Government St., VICTOt^IA, B. C.
Q:
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I
9
HENRY SAUNDERS,
Importer and Dealer iii
Grpoceries, Provisions, peed
WINES AND SPIRITS, ETC
Johnson Street, VICTORIA, B. C.
WHEN BUYING YOUR
iCIothingor Furnishing Goods
taeiber the Oldest House in the Province,
i I|1LM01(E,
MERCHANT TAILOR
And Clothier.
M -son Street, VICTORIA, B. C.
i ^^1
I ■ <■■■■*
EDGAR MARVIN.
10
ESTABLISHED 1862.
EDWARD G. TILTON.
MARVIN & TILTON,
Agricultural Implements
»D>^ET.A.XjS— »--H-
Miners, Contractors & Millmen's Supplies,
Cordage, Chain, Powder and Quicksilver.
SOLE B. C. AGENTS FOR
The Ma^^ey Manufacturing Companf?
TORONTO AND MASSEY MOWERS,
TORONTO LIGHT BINDERS,
MASSEY HARVESTERS,
SHARP'S DOUBLE-ACTING HORSE RAKE,
STU9EBAKER WAGONS,
Our stock, in quantity and assortment greatly exceeds that]
of any other similar house in the Province.
Wharf Streot, Coraor Bastion - YICTORU, B, C
3END FOR CATALOGUE AND PRICES,
'^ ' ^''.'1 /" "iii'i l^ ii j i ' i in i y'i' ii i lii i .n i Mi i m il I I ii p i..i | iii j^ i iinii i j I i ijii i i|i i i ipw|jiy
T UeUfab^l^^f^i^il
11
:OWARD C. TILTON.
J, BOUCHBRAT.
J. COIGDARRIPE.
f exceeds that
vince.
BOUCHERAT & CO.,
Wholesale Dealers in
Wines, Liquors, Spirits
AND FRENCH PRESERVES.
^[•oceifiB?, pmijion?, Tobacco and Havana Cigafg.
Sole Agents for Preller Claret, Green Labels, Freder-
icksburg and Schlitz Milwaukee Beers.
Yates Street, - - VICTORIA, B. C.
12
I ' -, ■ !
:: ',
TURNER, BEETON & CO,
VICTORIA, B. C.
H. C. BEETON & CO.,
33 FINSBURY CIRCUS, LONDON,
Commission Iflerchants
AND IRf.PORTERS,
Indents Executed for any Description of
European or Canadian Goods.
"AGKNT.S KOR-
GUAIIDIAN FIRE ASSl'RANCE COMPANY (Capital over $19,000,000. )
North British aod Mercantile Insurance Co.. for Mainland (Capital over $12,000,000.)
Wholesale Agents for
BouTEU.EAU & Co COGNAC BRANDY
W. .lAMKSON & Co DUBLIN VVHISKHY
Hiram VV^^LKEK & Sonh WALKERVILLE WHISKEY
M. B. FosTKR & Sons BASS' ALE
GUINESS' STOUT
G. Prellkr & Co BORDEAUX CLARET and WHITE WINE
CocKiu'KN. Smitiiior & Co OPORTO PORT WINE
Williams, Encjiclhac;; & Co XERES SHEBUY
.]. J. Frv & Co BRISTOL, CHOCOLATE
CORRY & Co BELFAST. GINGER ALE
RosK & Son LIME JUICE CORDIAL
Gko. WosTKNiioi-M & Sons SHEFFIELD CUTLKIIY
DiMHKR, McMastkr & Co GILFORD. IRELAND, TWINE
H. 0. BEETON, J. H. TURNER,
LONDON, VICTQEIA,
Agent Guneral for B. C.
13
NESBITT&CO.
Cracker Bakers
FACTORY, FORT ST.,
Between Laogley and Wliarf,
, B. C.
COUNTRY ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO.
THE CliAREHCE
Corner Yates and Douglas Streets,
VICTORIA, B. C.
FRANK a. RICHARDS, Jr., )
J
-XjSSSSE.'
j TOUUISTS' HEADQU AirrEIlS,
NEW AND ELEGANT IN ALL ITS APPOINTMENTS.
FLLLY SUPPLIED WITH ALL CONVENIE NCES OF MOD EIW HO TELS .
FIRSTCLASS IN EVERY RESPECT,
I PRICES THE^AME AS IN AL L FIRST-CLASS HOTELS,
PASSENGER ELEVATOR, HOT AND COLD WATER HATHS.
rhm
F.RT ST. WEST,
Victoria.
POWEILST,,
Vancouvek.
\m'
McLeian & McFeely,
Manufacturers of
Galvanized Iron Cornices
1 1:^- fp
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Bi.-^■■.■.;■;v•x^■^■^■■.i■, , :■■
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V — —
Tin, Sh<!ct Iron & Felt Roofora,
Wholcsiilo and Retail Dealers
in Stoves and Tinware.
Agents tor
Graves Patent FELT ROOFING
Tins is considered the best and
ohcapcst rooting in the market.
Can oe applied by anyone. Just
the thing rorfarmersand others
who wish to do their own roof-
ing. Price List and dcscriptirc
Circular on applicalion.
u
RONISCH
—UNRIVALLED
Are Superior to all instruments nianufacturec]. For Tone, Touch, Dui-
.ihility and Worknifinshii) they cannot be surpassed. Of all Pianos ex-
ported in the British Colonies, the RONISCH PIANOS liavo had
by far the largest Sale of any makers.
C, A, LOMBAED & CO,, Sole Agents, YICIOEU, B, C,
We are also SOLE AGENTS for the
pTElWAY^^OWandWEBEI^piAWO?
And the Celebrated GENUINE
W. BELL & GO. ORGANS
Also Direct Importers of BRASS, REED AND STRING INSTRU-
MENTS. A large collection of BOOK AND SHEET MUSIC
is constantly kept on hand.
.iH*=rS) ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO.<S=.^
C. A. LOMBARD & CO.,
No. 71 Government Street, - - VICTORIA, B. C.
1». O. BOX 223.
15
B, Touch, Dui-
f iill Pifinos ex-
iJOS havo hiul
UNO INSTIU-
ET MUSIC
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lOUEEN'S MARKET
"w
(lOverDiiieDt Street,
.- Victoria, B. C.
UAUit^EHCE GOODACt^E,
Wholesale and Retail
tBTJTCHIEE,.
|Oontractor by Appointment to Her Majesty's Royal
Navy, the Dominion Government, &c., &c.
BHIPPIITG SUPPLIED AT LOWEST RATES.
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JAIMEES
RD
Boot d
Douglas St.,opp. City Hall
AWellSelested Stock
m
VICTOKIA, B. C,
ALWAYS ON BAH^.
REPAIRS PROMPTLY AND NEATLY EXECUTED.
Fruiilin;; on W'liiuvc.i of C'nliroriiia, Fuget Soniid and Kinscr Kivcr Stoimiers. iiinl
Canadian Pacific and Esquimalt and Nanainio Railways.
THE OCClDEI^Tflli.
Corner Wharf and Johnson Sts.,
-WZX-LXABIK JENSEN, - PROPRIETOR.
This Hotel is in Lho very centre of the busincsH portion of the City. Tlie tra cling
public will And this to be the most convenient as well as the most
comfortable and respectable Hotel in the City.
RATES tl.OO TO SI.60 PER DAY, ACCORDING TO ROOM. SPECIAL RATES BY WEEK OR MONTH,
/r^BAR AND BILLIARD ROOM ATTACHED. TSi
Imported Edinburgh and Burton Ales always on draught. VICTORIA, B. C.
~ JOSEPH SEARS,
Hou?e and M ^ign painted
GLAZIER AND PAPER HANGER.
Dealer In Paints, Colors, Oils, Varnishes, Brushes,
Window Glass and Wall Paper.
TATES STREET, ABOVE DOUGLAS.
•*:
u)£kL-._-
'^SS
ty. The tm 'ding
I tho most
BY WEEK OR MONTH,
CTORIA, B. C.
58, Brushes,
r.
17
British Columbia Rgmcultural Assoeiation
PRESIDENT.
I). W. IIIGGINS Victoria
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
|W. I. HARRIS Port Hammond
|a. McTAVISH Saanicii
SECRETARY.
ItHOS. RUSSELL Victoria
TREASURER.
|W. DALBY Victoria
DIRECTORS.
SHAKESPEARE Victoria
J. C. RENOUF
b. SPENCER
C. McLAGAN
TOLMIE "
lOHN HOYD "
i.G. PRIOR
I. HODGSON Nanaimo
S. SANDOVER Saanicii
W. H. LADNER.Ladner's Landing
GEO. BLACK. Hastings
TIIOS. CUNNINGHAM,
New Westminster
II. WEBB Chilliwhack
A.C.WELLS
GEO. W. CHADSEY Sumas
JOHN GILMORE Nicola
J. W. SEXSMITH....LULU Island
E. RENOUF.
|. BOYD.
f. DALBY.
t. G. PRIOR.
1. SANDOVER.
. KER.
*
TOLMIE.
HODGSON.
FINANCE.
D. KER.
BUILDING.
J. TOLMIE.
PRINTING.
W. H. LADNER.
BAND.
D. SPENCER.
STOCK.
W. H. LADNER.
HALL.
A. C. WELLS.
YARD.
J. BOYD.
RACING.
J. GILMORE.
N. SHAKESPEARE
W. DALBY
D. KER
J. C. McLAGAN
GEO. BLACK
W. DALBY
H. WEBB
W. H. LADNER
18
BRACKMAN &, KER
Manufacturers and Dealers in
ploat^, Bran, Hci
GRAIN, MEALS, SPLIT PEAS, &c.
Highest teh Price Paid for Good ^liiiii Oi
CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED.
MILLS AT NOHTIl SAANICH. OFFICE & WAHEllOl'SE, Wharf SI, VlCTDlJ
-Hppintey,oBookbinde po ando Papero t^ulev^
Johnson St., neap Broad, Vietonia, B. C.
Wr'iij, Omaaental d U E&jra?|
On WOOD and METALS,
Fort Street, near Blanchard,
VICTORIA, B,
Inscriptions bu Gold and Silver, Boor and CoHin I'latcs, Aniui, CrosH, ll
Ciphers and Monograms Neatly Engraved.
WABE and SEAL PRESSES always on hand.
STENCIL PLiATES Cut to any Size or Patl«il
AWARDED THREE DIPLOMAS-ONE IN 1884 AND TWO IN 1886.
i. -if iikii^.^ # '
,.:„,^,__jJl^':: '.:■
mm
VICTORIA, IMPORTER AND DEALER
EXPERIMENTAL AGRICULTURE
AND ITS
VALUE TO THE FARMERS
fROF. SAUNDERS AND MR. JAMES FLETCHER.
DELIVERED BEFORE THE NORTH LANARK FARMERS'
1N8TITUTE. AT ALMONTE.
my Size or ralteij
Prof. Smindei's said : It ivilonls mu a i^roat deal of pk-aauro, indeed
I bu witli yim tn-duy, a d(>iil)lu pliaMiiru for the reason that last year
iieu yiiur Secretary was kind enouyli to invitt^ nie to come to your
IuuhI meeting, an I I had made every airangenient to attend, the eve-
pi;' befi»re 1 was wicked with a violent illntM.s wliioii contiued me to my
fur some days, i liavo liHtened with much interest to your iliscussion
jsiibjccts connecied wiih farming which are of so much importance to
lui'selves and to the ro intry. I think it is a good sign when institutes
Itliis kind are so well patronized and so well attended, notwithstanding
iiicluiiieiicy of the weather ; when farmers meet together to discuss
results of their own exj)erience, the character of the crops they have
[iwii undur dillei'ent conditions of soil, and dill'erent circumstances, and
Jiiiaie notes and tiieriby benetit each other by the mterch^tnge of ideas
■all such matters. It indicates that a community uf this sort consists
Itliiiiking men. A farming connnunity that exercises itself in that
li'ctioii will always bo a prosperous one, and will be well to the front in
|ile))iirtniunt8 of agricultural work.
AURICULTUKK AND KXI'KKIMENTaL SCIENCE.
Agriculture is and always has been an experimental science, and in
I very nature of the subject it must always be. Most of the experience
IliHvu ill agriculture has been ■ btained by the practical experimenting
Jiidividual farmers, a few facts gleaned here and tiiere, and these added
y> onu 1,'i'L'at sum constitute our i>rrsent knowledge of tl e art. Up to
hill a recent period very little had been done either by societies or by
jieniiiiouts to aid individual effort in this particular line of work. It
only about tliirty years ago that the first agricultural experimental
Jioii was established in (jlermany, and this was the first effort made in
part of the world to bring to bear on farming operations the benefits
cientitic training. A number of farmers met together in one of the
viiicus of (jlermany and there resolved to establish an experimental
fi on a small scale in order to save them individually the cost and
JiWe of each one exj)erimenting for himself. They selected a manager
Itliis farm, and started a course of experiments, and shortly after ap-
|il to the tJovernnient to help them in the matter. The Government
Hired into the subject, and believing that the scheme was a good one,
timt it was likely to produce excellent results, voted a sum of money
|id in the work. Within a few yervs several similar institutions were
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started in other parts of Germany, and they have gained in popular fav
from year to year until now, in most countries in Europe holding a
thing like an advanced position in agriculture, there are many of tlii
experimental institutions where acieniitic work is carried on it'i,'ularj
the results are given to the farming community, and they reap tlio ben
of the experience so gained for tliom. From tht itset tho cost
maintenance of those institutions has been borne almost ontiruly by
Government of the country in which they are located.
THR VALUE OF SCIKNTIFIO KXPKHIMKNTS TO THE FARMER.
It has often been asked, "Of what practical use are those iu.-ititutii
to the farmer?" Well, there are many experiments which could a
' should be carried on to benefit the agriculturists which deiiuuid \m
j time, more risk and more c ireful attention than farmers can attoid
give, and the use of apparatus which farmers have not at their coiiimai
I in order to work out satisfactorily all the details connected with tliu tes!
I so that thjre are classes of experiments wliich farmers cannot well uiidi
take for themselves, and which are of great value to the community.
GLOVER AS AN At;C€MULATOR OF NITROGEN.
There is not a farmer present, I presume, but knows the value
clover as a green manure. It is a subject that everyone is faniilianfil
and there is, perhaps, no plant at present known which is so vahialile;
I agent in nourishing the soil as a good crop of clover i)loughed in s,'i
j If anyone asks why it is so, he is usually met with the answer, "we kn
it is so because it is the result of our experience." Now it we bi
chemistry to bear on the question, we find that clover contains a Isi
proportion of an element which is a very important fertilizer of tlie
— nitrogen. This element exists in the soil in considerable proportii
It is found in every soil, and it forms as well the great bulk of
atmosphere we breathe. In the soil it exists in two conditions : ((
form, which is called available nitrogen, is that form in which plants
take up readily as food ; while in the other form, known as unavaili
nitrogen, is locked up in the soil and cannot be assimilated as jilaiiti
until it has undergone a change, which is usually brought about in ini
gradual manner by the cultivation of the soil and the exposure of e'
part of it to the action of the atmosphere, which gradually couverts
unavailable nitrogen into the available form, and in that way the ferti
of the soil is partially maintained. It has been shown by analysis
clover accumulates nitrogen in a large proportion from some source dui
its growth. It is Jiot definitely known whether this nitrogen i.s olit.i!
from that whioh in unavailable to other plants, or from the air ; but
known that a given weight of clover contains nearly fifty times asii
of this valuable element, as the same weight of the wheat plant. Hi
if clover, with its weight of fertility, is ploughed under, it gives to]
soil a dressing which will serve for the enriching of several succei
crops.
UNKNOWN .STORES OP NirHOGEN.
The knov/ledge of this fact in connection with clover leads to ami
consideration. Clover is only one member of a very large family of plj
which include all the lupins, vetches, tares, itc, souie of wbidi
natives of this country and souie of foreign countries. If clover hai|
quality of storing up nitrogen, other plants may have the same nnd«
a supei'ior power in that direction, one can at once see that hero issi
for experiment in a direction which would be exceedingly valuable tt|
Go to B. WILLIAMS & (JO. for Boys' SuitH
hivihr'^lLi,y^.
w.
J. B. JOHNSON'S
21
bole farming community! to ascertain which of the leguminous plants,
lany, are as go(xl or better than clover for this purpose. There are
Ime native to the North of Europe and many more found in difl.'erent
ctions of this great Dominion, all of which should be experimented
in order to ascertain whether they could not be made useful to
[riculture, for it has been well said that the power of one plant to store
I fdoci fur future crops of other plants lies at the very foundation of duc-
Issfui aifriculture. Nitrogen is abundant in all animal fertilizers, and it
Itlie presence of that element which gives to these fertilizers their chief
llue.
IMPORTANOR OF PERMANENT PASTURES.
Anotlier point which I might use in illustration is the importance to
j'lnors of permanent pastures for cattle. It is very uncertain, in view of
le immense fertile wheat-growing plains which we have in the North-
les', whether farmers in the east will be able to compete in grain grovv-
: with the farmers of the Prairie Piovinces. Indeed it is very doubtful
Itliey can. In that case the farmers of Eastern Canada will have to fall
Ick on such lines of agriculture as they can make most profitable, and
le of these is stock raising. Permanent pasture may be delined as a
jxture of perennial grasses containing those which will ripen at diflferent
Iriods during the season. A crop of timothy ripens and is harvested
rly in the year, after whicl: there is a long period when that field is
eless for the purpose of pasture, and not until the growth is strong
lough, and has body enough to provide good grazing, would a farmer
pnk (if pasturing his cattle on it. But in permanent pastures j^ou get a
[ection of grasses, which live from year to year, some in the middle of
I aununer, and others later on, so that the cattle may have a succession
[that succulent food which they need and have it in such abundance as
enable them to put on Hash rapidly.
PROVIDENCE HAS
NOT PLACED ALL THE GOOD GRASSES IN ANY ONE
PART OF THE WORLD.
Most of the grasses which we have in cultivation have come to us
bm various parts of Europe, and there are some varieties in our own
untry which are (luite as promising, perhaps, as some of the European
In my late journey in the North-West I paid some attention to
native grasses, and found varieties there which seem to me to be
^ite pronrising, judging from tlieir habit of growth, and from the fact
ftt cattle show such a preferc.ioe for theia. When brought under culti-
|tion, tliere may be found among tfiem species quite ecjual and perhaps
perior in some respects to those at present in use. There are also in
North- West and in the Wcfteru States, some varieties which are
bable of standing very dry weather, and some others adapted to very
Id climates. By tri'owing judicious mixtures of these grasses, we hope
lascertaiu their true value. This important work will be carried on
pensively at the Experimental Farm, and the object will be to show
lich are the best varieties, bring them into notice, and also to take
I'll steps as will make them available to farmers. There are a score or
m ditlerent kinds of grasses which can bo obtained from seed dealers
|E\iropi3 and other countries, many of which would lie exceedingly uso-
if their valuable ([ualities were better known. These facts serve to
uw that tliero !ive lines of experimental work whi-^h at tirat sight might
|)far trivial, but are exjiectid in the end to produc results of great im-
rtance to the stock interests of this country. Such experiments cannot
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Headquarters for real good value in Boots and Shoes
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be undertaken by the farmer. Few of you eould afford tlie time nrexl
pense required to travel to the North- West and other places in search iJ
such products ; but if this can be done for you, tlie information ohtaindl
for your guidance and the material made available for your use ; yd
must admit that great good is likely to result from such work.
DEGENERATION OF ROOTS AND CEREALS.
All our cereals, roots and tubers are, to a great extent, artificial y\
ducts. You do not find wheat, oats or barley growing anywlieni itl
nature, as we have them now ! You do not find potatoes like tlioseiJ
cultivation growing wild. The potato originated from an insiuniticMil
wild variety, which, by cultivation and careful hybridization, li;i8 l)wl
brought to its present high standard of excellence. So with wheat, uaJ
and barley, and all field crops. These imjiroved j^lants and roots, <,'iii«
as they are, are liable to constant variation and to fre']uent deterionitkl
— that is, they often "run out." If you recall the varieties of grain i
potatoes which were grown twenty years ago, you will find verj' few J
them to-day. This points to the importance of continuous experinieiitJ
work with new varieties of grain and other crops, so that by the fro(|mrif
introduction (as in the case of stock) of new blood there may be iinpartfil
to these products that vigour of growth and fertility of character whitlf
will admit of there being cultivated to greater perfection and protit.
WASTEFUL FARMING.
Our farming during the past has not always been conducted in tkJ
most economical manner. Crops have sometimes not been sown will
needed promptness, the fertilizers at command have not been inadet'/
best of, and much land that would have yielded good results has for .vatj
of proper drainage and care remained uij])roductive to the owner. Ln
to the country has also resulted frcmi lack of information regardin«ty
necessity of a proper rotati(m of cro]>s. Canadian farmers will re(|iiiret|
be mare careful in these particulars if they would maintain fortlifl
country in these days of keen coni])etiti(m and improved appliances tla
well deserved pre-eminence in agriculture which .she has hitherto eiijoyo
I might enlarge here indefinitely, but perliai>s 1 have .said enougli iiitlj
few thoughts presented to siiow that there is practically no Hniit toeil
perimental work, the results of which, when its true value is deterniiwj
and made known, will bo of inestimable consecpience to farmers evii
where ; and when I say that the experimental farms establislioil by J
Dominion Government are to take up this class of work especially. aJ
report on it frequently for the benefit of the farmers, T think I liave fiiil
answered the question, "Wh^t good will those farms be to the a!,'riei
tural community ?" The establishment of so many of these exin'iinieiil
institutions in Europe led to the cfmsideratiim of the subject in Aineric
and about thirteen years ago the first of these experimental stations \va
established in the State of Conneticut. Since then a number of siira
institutions have been started, suppf>rted by annual grants from the ki
laturcs of the different States in which they have been located, untiltl
importance of the subject has so grown on the farmers ill the I
States that for a year or two j)ast the pef)plo have been agitating fur mil
libeial support from the general Oovernment for such instituti'iiis,
last year Congress passed a bill known as "The Hatch Rill," wliidii
vides for an annual aiipropriation of nearly ^'500,000, to be divii
amongst the different States, to bo devoted entirely to this experimei:]
work in agriculture, horticulture and forestry. In the meantime '|
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Underwear,
7!^
CIGARS AND TOBACCOS
23
Canadian Government has also been looking after the interest of the
farmers. In. 1884 they appointed a conniiittee to en(|uire into this
rniation ubtiuned^HBubject, and from the opinions expressed by practical farmers, who
vere called before this committee, the Government were led to con-
sider the expediency of
PROVIDING KXPERIMENTAL FARMS FOR CANADA.
Our worthy Premier, Sir John Macdonald, who always takes the
varmest interest in everything that tends to the prosperity of agricultural
^jlasses, asked Parliament for an appropriation of $20,000 towards the
purchase of a site for an experimental farm. In November of that year
was reffiiestef' by the Government to visit the different agricultural
ktatimis in the United States ; and also to ascertain by correspondence
the working of similar institutions in Eurojju, and to prepjvre a report for
ihe Government which miuht give them such additional information as
ihey reijuired in order to reacli some conclusion regarding this work of
Bxperimeiital agriculture. 1 travelled through all the W';stern and
Northern States, and visited every agricultural institution located any-
vhere near the Canadian boundary, and submitted a report of my investi-
gations. The result was the passage of the bill known as "An Act re-
specting Experimental Farm Stations," which provided for the establish-
■uent of tive experimental farms, one of which was to be located near
])ttawa, to serve the purposes of Ontario and Quebec, jointly; one in
[he Maritime Provinces, to serve the purposes of these provinces jointly ;
t)iie in Manitoba • one in the North-West Territories, and one in British
!!)oluuibia.
THE ORJBCTS AIMED AT
In establishing those farms might be be better presented to you perhaps
In the working of the Act itself. The works to be undertaken were as
follows :
(».) Conduct rescearches and verify experiments designed to test the
hlative value, for all purposes, of different breeds of stock, and their
Idaptability to the varying climatic or other conditions Avhich prevail in
|he several provinces and in the North-West Territories ;
(b.) Examine into the economic (juestions involved in the production of
t)utter and cheese ;
(c. ) Test the merits, hardiness and adaptability of new or untried
hrieties of wheat or other creals, and of field crops, grasses and forage-
blants, fruits, vegetables, plants and trees, and disseminate among per-
lons engaged in farming, gardening or fruit growing, uj)on such condi-
lions as are prescribed by the Minister, samples of the surplus of such
products as are considei-ed to be specially worthy of inti'oduction ;
(d.) Analyse fertilizers, whether natural or artificial, and conduct ex-
Nriinents witii such fertilizers, in order to test their comparative value
p applied to crops of different kinds ;
(e.) Examine into the composition and digestibility of foods for domes-
tic animals ;
(f.) Conduct experiments in the planting of trees for timber and for
Ihelter.
(g) Examine into the diseases to which cultivated plants and trees are
|ubject, and also into the ravages <if destructive insects, and ascertain and
est tlie nmat useful preventives and remedies to be used in eacli case ;
(h) Investigate the diseases to which domestic animals are subject ;
(i.) Ascertfvhi the vibility and purity of agricultural seeds ; and] ^^
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VICTORIA, IS THE CHEAPEST
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(j.) Conduct any other experiments and researches bearing upon the I
agricultural industry of Canada, which are approved by the Ministur.
It will be seen from this category that provision is made for uxperi 1
mental work in all departments of Hi(riciilture in each of the Provinces. 1
In order to carry on this work the Act aufhorized the employmuut (jfaj
director, who was to have supervision of all the institutions; of a Horti [
culturist, who was to take charge of the department of horticulture nt I
Ottawa; of a Botanist and Entomologist (the two offices combined), and j
I am happy to say that Mr. Fletcher, the gentleman appointed totliati
important branch, is present and will be able to speak for liiiiiself, Itj
also provided for the appointment of a Chemist, whose duty it will betol
analyse fertilizers and conduct all chemical operations; and also for the I
appointment of an Agriculturist who shall be specially charged witli the]
management of the field crops and stock. When the site for the Centrall
Experimental Farm was located, possession of it was not secured until j
November of last year — too late to accomplish much, but there was founilj
time to plough about 20 acres and gather up some loose stones that were!
scattered over the ground. Winter then set in and i)ut a stop to all cutf
door work until the spring. In the meantime a small building was eiect-j
ed for an ofhce and a glass structure in which
TO TEST THE VITA MTV OF SEEDS,
which was one of the works the Act prescribed should be undertakenl
This work was successfully carried on last winter, and 187 sauii)les ofl
wheat and other cereals, grass seeds and other field crops, were sent intfji
the institution to be tested. The vitality of these were determined andl
the percentage that would grow under favorable conditions reported to|
the farmers sending them as promptly as possible. That department ^
work has been of much practical value, as will be seen from the bulletiiij
that will be issued from the farm very shortly, giving details of this W(jrk.|
It resulted in farmers being saved, in many instances, from sowiusj
which would have given them very little return, for their labour. In tli«|
harvesting of grain it sometimes happens that after it has been cut aiii
put in the mow it will heat and its vitality as seed will be injured ; thenj
are other causes also which may occur which so affect seed grain astJ
make its germination more or less a matter of uncertainty. The Experil
mental Farm offers to any farmer in the Dominion the advantages o|
sending in, free of postage, samples of seed to be tested in the soil ani
also in another form, in duplicate, one test being a check on the dtlierj
and returns are made to the farmers without any charge or ex])eiise,
hope that the gentlemen present, will all of them avail themselves of tliJ
advantages offered in this department of our work as freely as they thiiii
fit. We shall not complain of any number of samples being sent, aiifj
shall endeavor to meet any requisition that may be made on us in tha
respect. Seed testing has already begun, and we should like to havi
samples sent in as early as possible, so that there may not be too inuchu
a rush as seed time approaches. It sometimes takes a fortnight or thn
weeks to properly test the germinating power of some seeds.
EVRLY RIPENING WHEAT.
Another matter undertaken during the past winter was the iin|)on
tion from Northern Russia of an early ripening wheat. Farmers in sun
parts of the North- West have suffered several years, some seasons inuj
worse than others, from frozen wheat, and it was believed that if a viu'itl
of wheat could be obtained that would ripen a week earlier than any ^
A Dollars worth for $1 at B. WILLIAMS & CO,
TT
^rm
..iiHPipaL
FOR THE BENEFIT OF YOUR
25
I at present available it WQuld result in most instances in the saving of the
[crop. While frozen wheat has some value still the saving of the crf.p
Ifroin frost would make a difference to the farmers of between 55ct8., and
about iiocts. per bushel. The new seed wheat was obtained from a dis-
Itrict in Russia, 600 miles norHi of where we are to-day, and where the
Iseiison is nmch shorter than in any of the settled portions of our North-
jWest Territories. This wheat has ripened from ten to fifteen days earlier
jtliim finy other variety of wheat cultivated there. It has shown great
Ivitivlity, and is believed to be nearly, if not quite equal, in every respect,
Ito iiny other sort in cultivation. In Ontario and Quebec it has not suc-
Iceeded so well on account of the dry season we have had. In consequence
lofits early ripening quality it has not had quite the chance that later
iripeiiing varieties have had, and hence the grain is somewhat shiivelled,
Ibut in the Maritime Provinces, where they have had no more moisture, it
Ihiis turned out very well, so that we have every reason to believe that
Ithe introduction of this Russian wheat will be exceedingly valuable to
jthe Dominion. We also obtained seed of many other varieties of wheat,
Ibarley, oats and potatoes, to be tested at the Central Experimental Farm.
14 large ])art of the farm was in rather rough condition at the outset.
JMuch of it had been occupied by tenants for a number of years, and
Ithere was a large amount of stone on the surface. There was also some
Iforty acres of swamp on the back part of it. The greater part of the land
Iwas good, l)ut required much work to get it into jirnper order. The re-
jmovai of stones and internal fences was promptly undertaken, but by the
Itnue the land was got in order it was too late to do very much in the way
lot seeding.
THE season's tests.
AMS & CO.,
However, we have tested during the year quite a number of varieties
lof gniiu, among the rest 07 varieties of spring wheat, 31 of barley, 60 of
loats and 246 varieties of potatoes. On account of the hot, dry season
■being unfavorable for grain and potatoes, we have not obtained such ^ood
|resiilts as we otherwise should have done ; hut we have succeeded with a
considerable number of varieties in obtaining very fair crops, and shall
jliave from the sniall quantities begun with a sufficiency of seed to test
those varieties under more favorable conditions another year.
CLEARINQ, DRAINING AND BUILI^ING.
There were <m the Experimental Farm about 140 acres of land which
vas covered with ])ine stump.s, amongst which there was a strong second
Igr'nvth of poplar and birch. This laud has all been reclaimed by blowing
tiip the stumps with dynau\ite, and rcotiuir up the ])oj)lars, iUid it is all
Plow {)li)uif]ied ai'd ready for cultivation. The farm has also been fenced
Mid got into such shajie ^hat good results may be expecte 1 another year.
pliere will be room enough in the area acquii-ed — 645 acres — to test all
he varijties of produce to which reference has been made. The forty
kies of swanij) have beeu ilraiiied, and barns and stables are beiiis^ erected
!"i'tlie accommodation of stock and hoises. These buildings will be com-
^ileted ii, the course of a few weeks and will be large enough to accounno-
tlate ahmit 75 head of stock and a sufhcient mimber of horses for tiie farm
l^viirk, so that the foundation will be laid for ojieiations in this direction
Hiiothcr _vear. Dwellings are l)eing erected also for the siq»eriti(endents
fif the (lillVrent departments, so that they can reside on the place and
ili'Vote tlieir whole time to tlie work. I'laus have been j)i'e|)arod for a
laboratory and a nuiseum of the products of the farms for the benefit and
Juhuson Street, bcuwet^n Broad uiid Douglas.
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instnictioh of visiting farmers, and offices will be prr-vided in tho same
building for the transaction of busines.
A nEl'REHKNTi TIVE CLIMATE.
Ottawa may be said to be fairly representative in climate of a large
area in the two provinces of Ontario and Quebec ; hence it is important
to determine there not only what cereals and farm crops can ba raised,
but aho what varieties of fruit can be produced, as fruit trees are gener-
ally taken by strant^ers and visitors as an indication of the character of
the climate jirevailing in the district, and are appreciated much mdre
readily than crops of grain or roots would be. It is also important that
the people in eveiy district should be able to grow their own fruit, and
thereby add not only to the attractiveness of their homes and surround- |
ings, but also to the profits attending farm work. The impression luia
])revailed that the Ottawa district is not a good fruit growing section ;
but I think it is quite possible and wholly probable that varieties of fruit
can be introduced whicU will be found exceedingly usefid and very i)rotit-
able to cultivate. On the farm there have been jjlaut^d, under the direc-
tion of the horticulturist, VV. W. Hilborn, 1,000 apple trees, iuchuliiis;!
297 different varieties ; 298 pears, of 114 varieties; 197 plums, of 72 1
varieties ; 11 varieties of peeches ; 4 of apricots and 27 of crab apples.
In small fruits also a jjreat deal has been done. The planting includes I
127 varieties of grapes, 90 of strawberries, 37 of raspberries, 21 of black- 1
berries and 16 of currants, besides which there are a number of new seed-
lings being tested. We do not expect or hope that all those varieties will
be usefui, but it is expected that among them will be found s.ime of super-
ior excellence which will be adapt =>d to the r eds of the cunnnunity liero,
as well as some fitted equally well for other climates of the Dominion,
As to the botanical and entomological departments of the work, the ofticerl
in charge of them (Mr. Fletcher) is here and will speak for himself. .\[
skilful chemist, Mr. F. T. Shutt, has been appointed, who will under- j
take th» analj'sis of soils, crops, grasses, etc.: also the analysi.s of mi
from the difi'erent breeds of cattle, and such other chemical work as mav|
be needed.
A POULTRY DEPARTMENT.
It is also pro|)osed to establish a poultry department. The develop-l
ment of the poultry interest in Canada has been very rapid, and the a\
ports of jjoultry products now foot up a sum that is astonishing. Tlieyj
exceed in amiamt our exports of horses, and it has become a suhjeott
such importance that it is thought necessary that some experiments i
that line should be carried on to determine the relative value of the dil
ferent breeds and crosses foi the production of eggs and dressed poiiitril
for the markets. Enough has been said, I hope, to show the importaii«l
of this great undertaking foi the benefit and advancement of agricnlture.r
in which both the Premier and the Minister of Agriculture take so warnil
an interest. No effort will be spared to make these institutions a success,!
and they will, 1 trust, stand as permanent jjroofs of the wisdom liiid fore-l
thought of our great statesmen, the Premier, and the Hon. the MinisteJ
of Agriculture, and confer lasting benehts on the farmers of ('anadi|
(Ap]»lause.)
Mr. Fouell — I would like to ask Prof. Saunders if the soil absorbs tktj
nitrogen contained in the second growth of clover that is allowed to i
main on the ground and rot ?
Prof. Saunders — I sliould scarcely expect that that portion of M
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ided in tho same
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27
nitrogen which is contained in the foliage of the plant would be co well
])reserve(l to tlie sr)il when it is allowed to remain on the surface, as when
ploughed under; but the analysis of the roots of clover shows that a much
ifirger proportion of nitrogen exists in the roots than in the leaves ; sf)
that the fact of the clover growini; t'lere would enrich tlie soil, and some
portion of the nitrogen in the leaves, by tlie process of decay, would
eventually become incorporated with tlie soil and act as a fertilizer.
Mr. Darling — At what state in the growth of the plant would the
uuist benefit be derived by ploughing it under I
Prof. Saunders — Plants are always richest in their constituents about
the flowering period. It might sometimes be considered too great a
sacrilice of the crop to j)lough it under when tit to cut f(tr hay ; but that
is the time when the ploughing of it would bo of the greatest benefit to
the soil.
Mr, Moffat — Have you yet undertaken any experiments to determine
the best breeds of cattle for dairying purposes in Canada I
Prof. Saunders — Not yet ; we are waiting until the Jiecessary build-
ings are put up, when it is intended to undertake, as fast as practicable,
those different dei)artnients of work. Thcjse which seem to the tuinister
to be most pressing will, of course, be the tirst undertaken. It will be
iiiipo-ssible to undertake every department at the outset, as there are live
different farms to be established and organized.
INSECT AND PLANT PARASITES.
Mk. FLETCHER was next called upon to address the Institute.
He said: It is a great pleasure to one who makes a special study of any
particular branch oi knowledge, which he considers is of use to the coni-
inunity at large, to have the privilege of addressing such a nieetin<f as
this. Those who take the trouble to attend these meetings are the men
who take the most interest in the work with which auch institutes as yours
are concerned, and, therefore, though the attendance may sometimes be
small it must always be conceded that those who come represent the best
class of your members and are the ones who will derive most benefit from
such mectiu.'s. Prof. Saunders has told vou that he honed to get some
mforniation from j'ou that would be useful in his work at the Experimen-
tal Farm. This is nn less the case with me in the departments which
have been placed under my charge at Othasva, and 1 hope I may be able
to show yipii that it will bo tu your advantage to assist me. He has told
you tiiat 1 am the Entomologist and Botanist of the institution. It is
true this is my title, and these arc fine sounding words, but they are not
easily enough understood b}' everybody, so when I am asked what my
Work JH, I answer — to .study injurious insects and plants and the best
remedies to keei> them down. As you all ki'ow, a very large pro])ortion
"! your croj)s is taken away from you, year by year, by insects ; there is
also a huge amount destroyed annually by injurious jiiants.
THE ENTOMOtOOIST AND BOTANI.ST.
1 will now with your permission give you some idea of the work it is
inoposud to carry out in my depa'tnients at the Central Experimental
Farm at Ottawa. There are two kinds of injuries to crops, which as En-
t(imoh)gist and Botanist I .sh.all have to consider, namely, those di.seasos
"f Jilanto due to insects and those due to vegetable parasites. I belie\ e
It is jtosHible that in relatiim to them tlie work of the divi-sion maybe
iiwdo of great use to the country at hirge. I have undertaken it witii
11 great deal of enthusiasm, believing that much go(id will come of it, and
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I shall do my best to make this bmnch of our experimental work succeed;
but 1 sliall look to the farmers for assistauce. In a vast territory lil(e
Canada it ia impossible that any one man can take in the wliole field df
ftbservation alone. It is possible, however, if that one man gives nil his
attention t(j the work and he is assisted by correspondents in the diti'er-
ent provinces that his studies may bring about results of general heiietit
to the whole Dominion. It is in the hands of every farmer who ia a prac-
tical observer and who grows his crops with ail his mental energies direct-
ed towards their improvement to aid by sending in the result of his obser-
vations. It has been said that the ordinary faruier is unable to assist m
these scientific studies. This is not the case. A very small fact is of
value if it is the result of what the farmer has actually seen take jjlaeemi
his farm, a true record of that one fact is of itself iiiipnrtar.t, and wlieii
added to the observations of others may fill a missing link in our kiiuw-
ledge on any given subject, and is, therefore, of great use to science, for
science is simply a word that ia used for "'he best knowledge. " It is a
word that is a])t to frighten people, but it is only the Latin word fur
knowini' or knowledge. Then if you will helj) by sending in any STiiail
facts that come under your notice they will be an assistance to other
farmers all over the country, for they will be incorporated in repoits and
will be distributed far and wide ail over the Dominioji. Arraiigeiiieiits
have been made by which this intercourse can be facilitated with tlie least
j)i>8sible trouble am., expense to farmers. When crops show signs of dis-
ease it is of great importance to discover the nature of the injuries and
see whether tliey are of insect or vegetable origin. If anyone finds his
crops attacked in anv way, and he will send specimens of the plants at-
tacked — this can be loue free of postage — in most cases infoniiiitioii
respecting the trouble will be obtainable from the Experimental P'ariii at
Ottawa. Efforts will be made to have this institution recognized as a
BUREAU OF INFORMATION
to which any farmer who desires i 'formation concerning agricultural mat-
ters can write. It is hardly likely that the doctor will have time to attend
to all these himself ; but he will hand the letter to wiioever the officer
may be in charge of the special department in<)uired into, and the desire
of the director is, as he has told you, that farmers should not hesitate to
write to hiiu for any information whatever concerning their fanning I
operations. Those inquiries recjuiring infonuati'in concerning insects urj
plants, will come to me, and 1 shall attend to them at once, and shall en-
deavor to trive you as much information as possible. As well as letters,
you can "end samples to Ottawa to our headquarters to be examined and
reported up(m free of charge. This is an important advantage to you.
Frequently
FARMERS LIVING AT A ni.sTANCE
from town have no* postage sbimps on hand, and they may say "I will let |
this stand initil 1 go to t(jwn when 1 can take it in and have it j)osteii,
but in these cases it is frequently forgotton untd too late. They need i
not delay on that account ; they have only to take their 8am])les to the
post-off ce in jiroper packages, throw them in. and they will be at uncel
forwarded free of i)ostage, and the answer will come back as quickly ii^
po>3ible. There is no doubt at all that a report im the different kinds "t J
injuries fc'in insects and parasitic plants is very advantage us to all
farmers t(j read and study. If a farmer knows that a cert.iin injury is j
going on in one part of the country -either the attack of an inseci nr!
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29
fungnus disease, he will keep his eyes open to ascertain what remedy is
discovered, in case he receives a visit from tlie mi welcome stranger ; for
aitliongii all tliese studies are of great interest in themselves tiiey are of
very little use tn the country it we do not ilnd reuiedies for the attiicks.
This is our chief aim. We hope by getting men who devote all tlieir tiuie
to these subjects, study li^rd and work tliem out from the beginning, to
find remedies for ill tlitse diseases. There are a great many for wiiicli
remedies have not yet been found ; but on the othor iiand a good deal of
iMirk has been dime by scientific men with good results although they do
uiit ahvays get the credit of it. Wiiat farmer, wlien lie Ijuvh live cents'
worth of Paris green and saves his potato crop, thinks of the men who
81)ent years in hunting for a sui-e and cheap remedy for killing the ])otato
' bii^s / Yet, we could not; atteia[)t to-day to grow a crop of potatoes in
some i»arts of Canatia witliout Paris green any more than we could witli-
' out manure.
I INJURIOUS INShCTS.
Let me now say a few words with regard to the injurii.'s connnitted
every year by insects. Tliese aie so enormous and so well known that
probably no one iiere will ohallange the proi)riety of the (jiovernment
luiviiig appointed simieone to devote his wliolu time to the study of the
bust means of keeping their ravages within bounds. 1 will give you a few
tigmes which have been carefully \erihi'd as to the extent to which these
injuries ma} reach. In the tir-st place, it may be stated geneially that 10
percent, of all crops grown is annually destroyod by insects. Frequently,
luiwever, this proportion is far exceeded. In 1882 one of several kinds
of insects wliich attack the hop in England reduced tlie crop by the value
of Slo,000,000. In the 1874 report of the United States Commissioner
(if Agriculture it is stated that the loss on the cotton croj) by insects is
about ^25,000,000 a year. In 1873 the money value of wiieat and corn
destroyed in the State of lllhiois by one insect called the chinch-bug was
873,000,000. No wonder then that there is consternation at tlie present
time in tliat State where this insect has again appeared in numbers. To
come nearer home, in 1854 the wheat midge destroyed in Canada 8,000,000
buslicls of wheat. It becomes a necessity then tiiat someone sliould be
fi])pointed to investigate these subjects and try if possible to tind practical
remedies which farmers can apjily for themselves. I have stated that
ten per cent, of all crops is destroyed by these pests. I believe J might
without exaggeration say twice this amount, but it is better to be under
than beyond the mark. You may say, "This is all very tine your telling
us about these losses by insects — have you any remedy — can you give us
any hoiie of relief from their ravages i 1 answer, yes ; certainly 1 can if
you will help me. I believe that all these insects, when their life-histor-
ies are studied out and their habits ascertained, can be kept down in a
very large degree. Let me give you one instance which 1 have frequent-
ly cited before, because it is tjiken from the practical work of practical
men. If you will take the trouble to look up the last census you will see
that the revenue from one small crop — the clover-seed crop — was half a
million dollars at the time the census was taken. Three years ago the
revenue from the crop was reduced to nothing. There was not a grain of
clover-seed exported, and why I Because a little fly, so small that it
would lie on the head of a pin, had gradually worked its way up from the
Puited States and had got into our clover fields and attacked them so
severely that there was no crop to reap. People began to give up grow-
ing clover seed. Finally the farmery put their heads together and con-
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suited with those who studied insects, aud said, "here is a great trouble
coming uj)()ii us, and we must have some remedy." "Well," .said tin
entomologists, "let iia look into tiie matter and Hnd out what is tin.'
nature of the insect, and what is its life-history, and then i)erliai).s wo can
lind a remedy." Now, I will mention hero what perhaps soiuo of jdu
know, before insects attain their j)erfect devehipement they pHs.s timm!,']]
four stages. When wo talk of the borer in the apple tree to a man wlm
knows nothing of the lives of insects and say, "you must put Sdiuctliim;
obnoxi(jus on the bark of your tree at the time the eggs are laitl tn kuep
the beetle away ;" such a one would say, "this is not a beetle, it is a aott
grub." This is true ; but it was not always a soft grub, nor will it always ;
remain so. All insects go through four di'Mnct stages of existence;!
First, there is the little egg, which is laid by the mother nisect ; this;
hatches into a soft grub-like, active insect which passes its life eating, :
until it is full grown ; from this changes into what we call the chrysjilisi
state, in which has generally the liudis of the perfect insect apparent, but
in most orders of insects lies (piiet and cannot use them ; from this clirj-;
sails, after a time, emerges the perfect insect. Now, let us ap]ily tliisi]
life-history to tiie chner-seed midge: The farmer wanted to know Ihjw
to st(»ii the ravages of the midge. So he set to work to find out itslifc-^
iiistory. He examined the lieads of clover seeds, rubbed them in lii»'|
hands, and found that tiie pod which should have held tlie clover aeeil
was all right in appearance ; but on opening it, instead of a seed, tlieiejj
was a little red grub inside. How did it get there? 1 will tell you: Let!
us start in the middle of June when we shall find the grub in the seed.'
We ])ut the head of seed into a glass jar and watch to see what happens.
Towards the end of the month — remember that date — the little grub I
works its way out of the clover and falls to the ground ; here it baii'uws [
down below the surface and remains there for some weeks. The fanner
who kiiowsnothing of insects cuts his clover about thebeginning of. July, am! ij
is surprised to Hnd no seed. He thinks, however, he may have better luck
with the second crop ; but just about the time this is in tiower the little:
grubs which have gone hito the ground in J une have matured, and the j
perfect insects — tiny midges — ajji)ear. These begin operations at once, i;
and the females lay a single egg in each c' "'er flower, which hatches iuid j
the young worm works its way down intt the pod, and before it is f
grown has consumed the whole contents. Now, how are we to stop it; I
iSimply by getthig the clover off the holds before the end of June. It
was found by experience that by cutting the clover before the hrst brudtl
came to maturity, or turning in cattle to feed on it, a large number uf I
these insects was destroyed, and there were conse([Ueiitly few left to lay
eggs in the second crop. So the farmers in the west where they i,'iii«
clover seed, now reap only one crop where they formerly grew two iuii I
season. They either cut tiieir clover soon after the middle of .June or
turn in their cattle to eat it so that it may not stand in the fields till the
end of the nioiith ; because if they waited until then, the little insects
would have ccmie out of the clover and gone into the ground, whence
they would emerge in due time to attack the next croi^. By perseveiiag |
in this course the farmers have gradually thinned out this pest, and will, I
believe, eventually get rid of it altogether. Another benefit vvhicli has I
come from the study of entomologist must be mentioned, namely, the use
of Paris green as an insecticide. This was not discovered by accident ;it |
was the result of direct study in seeking for a remedy for the potato bug.
During the last few years
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31
THK I'OTATO HL'(i
i liiis iiicioii3t'il so much that w« now hiivo to use this luiiiedy, iw u umttor
iifcourso. It is not known by all ftinntTS tlifit tho luniL-dy is j)ertoctly
1 harmless when (ii)plied to this oiop. 1 iimku thisstiitoinunt boiuuse tlieio
is in some soctions a wroni^ impression about it — it is stateil that the
iKitiitdes absorb it; now, it is utterly impossible to poison the potatoes by
imttiiig arsenic, wluch is the poisonous principal of Paris green, on the
Isdil. The potato tuber is merely a receiver ot tood for tiie nourishment
iif yimiif^ })lnnt8, which are represented by the eyes. It is not a root, but
la swtilliiig in an underground 6tem, and the eyes are buds. It is provid-
led by nature as a leservoir of special food for the young plants in the
jfoUowin^ year. Very little of this nourisliment came in through the
jro(jts. Tlie largest amount of substance, the starch, that is st(jred up in
(the tuber of the potato, was taketi in an elementary condition through
[the leaves. It is iierfectly absurd then to talk of arsenic being taken up
[ill the mots and stored in the tuber of the potato j)lant. 8j)raying with
la weak mixture (I'nly two ounces in 40 gallons of water) of this material
liias been discoTered to be the best remedy for tiie injurious codling moth
Ivhich destroys <iur ap])les. Tiiis insect is so injurious that in some years
lit destroys as nmch as 80 per cent, of the whole croj). Hy the use of tiiis
remedy it has been found that 7o percent, of the wliole crop can be save<l
every year. 1 believe that if it were apjilied generally over large areas
ivve cuiild eventually get rid of the codling moth altogether. More men
(ire studying this ec(.nomic aspect of insect life year by year, and we are
b'adu.illy becoming able to keep in check most of the worst insect enemies
vitli which the farmer has to contend. But there are still a great many
bf these pests which are doing an enormous ainoun' of uijury, and for
vhicli we have not yeb found practicable remedies. These it will be my
July to study for this purpose. There is one of tiiese wliich attacks the
pheat crop, concerning which I wish to en(|uire particularly. It is called
ihe wheat bulb worm, and has ippeared lately in this district. The indi-
latiou of its attack is probably known in your district as ".silver top."
fhe appearance of the disease is this. The yt»ung ear of wheat turus
vhile prematurely before the rest of the crop is ripe, and when you pluck
;you will tind there are no grains in it. If you will examine it carefully
Km will tind that there is a very small trang])iirent maggot inside the stem
Ibove tiie top joint. You will notice at once these dead ears of wheat in
lelds where this pest is at work. 1 fear, too, there is now no doubt but
natit has been increasing in nuu-bers during the last year or two. It is
> very ditticult insect to combat, from the fact that it matures and leaves
lie wlieat stem before the main cnip is tit to cut • consecjuently it has
jscaped and is ready to lay its eggs for the next crop. Tliere is a little
lap in our knowledge of the life-history of this insect. We know that it
lasses through two ditl'erent circles of life. First of all it exists in the
pt brood in the straw of standing wheat ; then there is a long gap be-
yeen that time, from about the beginning of July until September, dur-
bg which we know nothing of its habits, but we tind that in September
pt perfect fly appears again and lays its eggs on the sprouting fall wheat,
nd the little maggots eat their way down to the basecjf the stem of wheat
Jem which it is called the "wheat bulb worm," and remain there all
jinter in the root of the wheat, just in the same way hs the insect which
ou all know too well, the "Hessian fly," which also passes the winter in
be root of the wheat. There is then a gap between the summer and
h autumn broods, which I want to find out something about. Very
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32
FEW INSECTS ARE LONU LIVED.
This itiBoct Ims a long lifo for so siiiall a fly — not a quaitor of im incll
in length. Sonio that, 1 enclosed in glass jars lived for three weeks with!
out any food at all. This proves that it can live a lontj tinu^ liiititul
hardly possible that it can live in the winged state for two or tlirwl
mouths in summer. We know that the maggot lives through tlio wintel
in the wheat j)lant, and 1 think it is possihlo that it attacks some of oiiiwiliil
grasses and that an intermediate l)rood lives in them during the jiuriiMl
which we have nu trace of its habits. Tiiis is one of tlie i)ests for wliicll
we are anxious to lind a remedy, and in which you can all help mo. OnJ
of my correMpondents reported that one in every thirty heads of his whtail
was destroyed by tliia insect last sannner. Now tliere are ceitain bruiwl
general principles for your guidance when you find your croi)s iittacyj
and these are founded upon very simple rules. In the lirst place, if yij
examine a large lumiber of dillerent insects you will Hnd they may iilltj
divided into two largo divisions by the nature of their mouth parts. liT
one those will be found to consist chiefly of a pair of jaws witli wliicll
they tear the substance of their food ; in the other tiiere is, instead, J
tube by means of wliieh the insects suck uj) their food in the s1ih|wJ
lifjuids. For the first class it is apparent tliat any poisonous suhstaiicj
placed on the food will be consumed with it and the insects dc'struyedl
It is, then, merely a matter of getting some material not injurious tutM
l)lant, but which will kill the insects preyin ; ui)on it. Such wehaveij
various compounds (»f arsenic, as Paris gieen and London purple. Fh
the other class, which could push their beaks through the poison aii(|
then suck out the juices from the plant beneath, we must have rucoun
to other mwthods, such as those which will kill by coming into coiitiisj
with the bodies of the insects or by virtue of some noxious volatile iiriil
ciple. One of these we have in Persian insect powder. Of all the iiuijj
erous insects which attack vegetation, and souie j)lants are attacked byii
many as 200 different kinds, 1 suppose there ia not one for which a rciiifl
dy of some sort could not be devised ; but the trouble is we must tiiii
remedies which are i)racticai:.Ie such as while they attain the object ainid
at are yet of such a charac'.cr us lot to lay us open to the accusation tha
the remedy is worse than thfa dibease. There are
THREE SIMPLE RULES )(,'H 'HE APPLICATION OF ALL INSECT REMEDIES.
First, they must be effectual ; secondly, they must be economicalj
thirdly, they must be simple. Moat of the substances used are din
pois<ms and many of them are costly. The remedies suggested must li
devised with special regard to those points or they will be useless, anij
simplicity is a most important feature, for if they require much careil
their application or prejjaration not only may they not be used in tlit
right proportions, but they will probably not be used at all. lleniedia
may be di 'ided into three classes ; first and most important — 1, agrici
tural, by which is meant such methods as, a judicious rotation of croj^l
planting ai id reaping at a different time to that usually adopted ; tif
selection tf seed less liable to attJick ; the use of special fertilizers »DJ
the alluring; to a more attractive food plant. 2. Active, by which pfiisoa
ous materiids are used to destroy insects, and 3, Preventive, by whia
they are deterred from approaching the plants wished to be protect«f
This is mo:,i/ easily accomplished by the use of obnoxious materials to pnl
vent the females from laying their eggs where the young grubs canl
mischief. Alkaline washes on trees and carbolic waf hea for the protecti|
At B. Williams & Co. you get satisfaction or money refundd
.1:1'
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DON'T FAIL TO SEE
83
i,f riK't. crnpH cdino iiiidor this licul. For fiiitlit>r dot ails nn tliis anhjoct I
lwilli'i!i|i'^'**' lUiy uf you who wish to obtiiin thuiii to write to mo iit Ottawa.
PARASITIC PLANTS.
Tlu' liiiL,'o ftiiiniikl loss to crojis is not liowovor »!iitiroly duo to insoetB,
ItliL'i'o mi' 'il.so luuToscopic fuuf^oiis iliHofiHon wliich destroy ci'ops. I*ci1uii)H
Liiio iif tlio most iiijui'ious of thoso on locord whs oho that iittjiokod tho
cotf'L'O cro|i of coylon. In tho ton yours, i.Sti!) to J87H, !?« 10, ( )()(), UOO (jf in-
jiiiy was (lono liy this ono varioty of imriiHitic fundus. Wo also know
Itlmt niir wlu'iit is apt to ho attiukod hy "rust" and "smut." 'J'heso aguin
liui) |iarii.sitii! fnn;^i, and ahiiough wo havo not yot found any practical
Ireniedy for rust 1 am in hopos wo may bo ahlo to (hi so. For smut,
lliiiwuvor. wo havo a very easily applied romocly which is oflioaoious. It
liiis iiciii known for upwards of 200 years that hy washing,' sood wheat
Iwitli a Hi.hitiou of bluostono the plants from seed so treated are m<jre cx-
li'iiiiit from the af^acks of this low form of ve'.iotablo life than wheat sown
IwitlKiiit such treatment. In Kiigland tho farmers seldom sow wheat
|witiiiiut tirst washing it with bluestono, and the conse(iuenoo is that smut
lis not at all prevalent in the wheat fields of Engliind. Now, what stops
Isliould ho triken by i'armors when they find their cro])s attacked by dis-
Jease '. First of all they should e.xamino them carefully to find out whether
lit is all attack of a fungus or of an insect. For fungi it is more dithcult
ltd tiiiil a lomody that can be a])i)lied at once, but stt'ps can bo taken to
||iiiivt3iit ill tho following year a repetition of the evil. No sane por.'son
Iwill reside in a locality which lie knows is infested by any contagious ''ia-
caso. Ill the same way it is very foolish for us to plant good seed in a
Itiekl ill which we know that the summer before tho crop had been des-
troyed by some disease. Besides the weeds wliich give so much trouble
lliere arc some other injurious jdants which it is possible you may not
Rdiiii) (if you recognize as plants. For instance, it does not occur to many
liii'iiiei's when they see "rust" and "smut" on their wheat, or tho "black
Bpdt" on their appl-^s, that these are plants. As a matter of fact, how-
bvcr, they are just as much plants as those on which they are found; but they
]ireof(|uite a difleront nature, for they are parasites and derive their
liiiuiisliiiient from the larger plants upon which they grow. AH their
l,aits are exceedingly small, and it is necessary to examine them with the
W of powerful magnifying glasses before we can understand tho secrets
bf their lives. The smutty ears and the rusty discolored spots on the
leaves and straw of wheat are not the whole [ilants ; but merely tho fruit
puisistinsi of collections of innumerable seeds — or, as they are called when
Ipfiaking of fungous plants, spores— each one of which is so small as to be
Invisible to tho naked eye, but which, nevertheless, is capable of infect-
Iiiga whole wheat plant should it ciime in contact with its tissues — I have
laid that what we see is only the fruit. You may say "where then are
Ihe other parts of these mysterious plants?" I will tell you. In the case
>f the "smut" the spore lies in the ground or is carried there upon the
eed, and when the young wheat plant begins to grow this enemy forces
Jt^ root.s into the tissues and soon permeates the whole plant. By the
lime it lias found its way up to the ears it is mature and ready to produce
Is triiit ill tho ehape of the black, sooty powder, the ajipearanco of which
rou all know so well. The poor wheat plant all this time has been rob-
bed of its nourishment by this parasite living inside its tissues, and is
[liable to produce its seed. The spores of the fungous which produce
I'rust" do not act (juito in the same way, but are carried by the wind and
ettle on the leaves or stem, and there send out their roots, which find an
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PROVINCE, VICTORIA. B. C.
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entrance between cells and spread out in all directions, sucking up the!
nourishment and strength which should have ((one to produce the grain I
of the wheat plant. The result, however is nearly the same, tlio weak- [
ened straw is unable to carrj" up nourishment sufhcient for the grain tol
properly fill out, and there is, consequently, a great deficiency in tjiel
amount of seed produced. There are, however, certain preventive rerael
dies which can always be applied, the best of which are the judiciouil
rotation of crops and the choice of seed of varieties wTiich are known to I
be free from attack. On well cultivated farms you do not continue growf
ing the same crops on the same fields year after year. In Canada farinenl
have ample means of getting information ; you take agricultural pupenl
and read them. You use improved methods of rotation of crops, thml
securing not only the advantage of the constituents of most use to eackl
kind of crop which is accumulated year by year from the manure, oiiljl
certain parts of which are used by each crop, but you are also exempt tol
a large degree from these destructive diseases of which I am speakinjf
For instance the wheat crop is attacked by rust or smut, and these dis|
eases are allowed to come to maturity and the spores are left in tlie soil
ready to attack the next crop of a similar nature if sown ; but if by rots |
tion of crops you have two or three other kinds of crops following it, i
probabilities are that the spores become exhausted and cannot attack tliel
same crop when it is its turn to be sown again. The chief remedies tobel
applied then for fungous diseases must be preventive, because we know I
very little about them. I hope in a few years to have studied someofi
them out, and then may be in a position to prescribe remedies.
A BOTANICAL GARDEN.
There will be at the Experimental Farm at Ottawa a botanical gar [
den and arboretum. An area of sixty-five acres has been set apart upoiil
which trees and plants of ectmomic value will be grown and testedl
Plants from other parts of Canada, not growing here indigenously, willl
be cultivated to see if we can make use of them in this district. Plantil
from other countries will also be tried to see if we cannot increase I
number of useful plants now grown in Canada. As an instance of whatl
may be done in this line, I will mention the Cinchona tree f oni whii:li|
quinine bark is taken. For years after its discovery, it was supposeiil
that this would only grow in its native forests of South America, but it ill
now cultivated over the greater part of the tropical regions of tlie worldT
and supplies the product call quinine, which is one of the most valualiiel
medicines known, and, in all tropical climates, is a necessity in tlie treat!
ment and prevention of malarial fevers. Why should w e not be abk ti I
introduce into Canada useful trees and plants which we have not iioit,|
but which we have plenty of room f(jr. At the Central Farm last seasotl
we cultivated some of th« fodder plants which are not grown yet in CanT
ada — one of them from the East called "Gram." belonging to the sainel
natural order as the vetches and clover, gives promise of succeeding weilj
here, and, should it do so, is a new fodder plant which may be ul grea:|
value to farmers.
THE QUESTION OF FOREST TREES
is one of greater importance than farmers are generally inclined to believtl
They cultivate their fields for wheat and other crops, but tiujy do ii((j
think much about the trees, though the consumption of wood frdinyeail
to year for different purposes is so enormous that I am afraid to im;iitin|
the figures. In the United States a report has lately been prepared 1
Prof. Fernow, the Chief of che Division of Forestry, which shows tlutl
u
Johnson Street, between Broad and Douglas.
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J. B. JOHNSON'S
35
he amount of wood used annually for diiFerent purposes, for the con-
fructiou and repairing of railways and bridges, etc., is something appal-
Tho supply of wood in our country is being so reduced by lumber-
Igdpevations, settlement and forest tires, that it is necessary in all parts
■ Canada to begin at once to renew the supply by tree planting. Year
' year the farmers in new districts destroy enormous quantities of tim-
triii clearing their farms, but in a few years they will have to seek for
lis material at a great distance. This makes it all the more necessary
Ir farmers to undertake the planting of trees on their farms, not only to
Iver up this loss, but alsi* as wind-breaks and shelters for cattle, and it
(very imixirtant for them to know beforehand in what way they can do
J to the greatest possible benefit. The farmer is not always posted on
jemost advantageous way of planting. Some will be surprised to hear
at with many trees it is more advantageous to grow them from the seed
an to trans[»lant them of considerable size from the forest. Again some
lour forest trees are very much more valuable than others, and there is
Jieh yet to be learned with regard to the best trees to grow on certain
lis and in special localities. Extensive experiments will be niade in
Is direction, all of which will be of great use, so that all efforts may be
fected ill a useful and methodical manner. 1 will call your attentinn to
loof our most useful and beautiful native trees- the black walnut and
I white asii. The first of these is found wild in Canada, only within
by restricted limits, and it is supposed by some to grow only in places
Icre it will obtain a considerable degree of heat. As a matter of fact,
has been ascertained that this tree will stand a much greater degree of
|d, and will thrive over a nmch wider area than was at first supposed.
Ottawa it proved to be the second (quickest growing Canadian tree.
[has been planted in Quebec and has succeeded remarkably well. It
!one of the most valuable of our native woods, and is also an extreme-
rapid growing tree ; and although there have appeared during the last
■ years fabulous statements— which have done a great deal of harm —
jto what returns can be had from ,;r(. wing walnuts, there is no doubt
It by judicious planting of this tree a quick return for the money cfin
■obtained. Another tree of speci* ; value is the white ash. This tree
paeful for certain purposes at a moderate size, it grows easily and does
itake uj) much room. When farmers are planting trees they will find
Advantageous to know beforehand those which will give the quickest
urns and those which are the mosc valuable for timber. As I have
I all sa^'ii experiments as these will be tried carefully at the Central
berimental Farm. Largo numbers of difl'erent trees willl be grown
mseed f(jr trial in different parts of the country, in order to ascertain
pe tliey do best, and what kinds can be grown to the greatest advan-
iincer .istricts. Effi.rts will also be made to improve the differ-
I kinds of grains, fruits and other products. It frequently happens
t some varieties have qualities not possessed by others, bj' hybridising
li'ossiug these it is sometimes possible to jiroduce a new variety with
Ithe i^odd qualities of its parents consolidated. It is not wise to con-
je all tlie time with old varieties which we know will succeed ; but
I such an institution as
THE EXPKEIMENTAL FARM
pnall be able to risk failure sometimes in the hope of getting something
Und useful, and I understand this is one of the objects with which
jfarm was ostabl.shed by the (rovernment. No farmer can afford to
I'l'e risk of losing a whole year's crop in trying new experiments. The
Douglas, HB, Williams & Co. you get satisfaction or money refunded.
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VICTORIA, IS THE CHEAPEST
36
Government by establishing this institution has virtually shown itsdj
termination to help tiie farmers as nnich as possible. It is not riwhtiii
such a new country as Canada for individual farmers to have to risk krj
sums of money in these experiments, important, nay necessary, us tiiiJ
are. So the (Government steps in and says, "1 'vill have them dcjiieiJ
you and you shall have the benefit of the results." I believe that ij
results obtained under the pi'esent direction will be highly j)ractical ; I
the work will not end here, it will not be the obtaining of results iilotj
these will be published pt riodically as bulletins, written in sucii a way«
to be intelligible to all who may read them, which will be distribut
broadcast all over the country.
Mr. Serson expressed himself as being very much pleased nith
address. He would like to hear Mr. Fletcher's opinion wli'»'n;i'
weather had not something to do with rust. He thought that ^\ i
moist weather prevailed it was more favorable for the product', n, .:■.
He would like to know whether in a dry season a clean crop of \vh&:
oats might not be grown on a field in which in the previous yearivitli
warm, moist summer tlie ciop had been badly attacked by rusl.
Mr. Fletcher said there was no doubt that under certain atnvisp
conditions all fungus plants were developed more rajjidly tiian at ntla
times; at the same time they could not come into existence spoutaneiiuslj
they must all come from spores or seeds. One season you lUiiyliil
planted in such a dry time that the spores do not get a start. You curtaiij
might possibly grow even on thesauie field where a crop had been Iwdijij
tacked by rust the previous year but under different atmosplieric c(»ijilitifi
a crop of wheat tliat uughtnot be affected; at the same time, as a preveiitn
remedy, it" would be far better to grow on that held some other croiis.clo
or roots for instance, than to grow wheat again the following soasdii.
Mr. Wersoii said he had often seen in a field of whokt ritlu
where the wheat would be more affected with rust than on the podin'i
Mr. Fletcher said very vigorous growing varieties of wheat wi
sometimes suflfer more from rust than others. Last year, before J
Agricultural Conniiittee, the experience of different members of Pai!|
ment was given, and the report would be published next aessioii.
had lio doubt Mr. Jamieson would be glad to furnish his constituei
who wished it with copies of this report. There seemed to bo mideliiii
rule that could be laid down with regard to rust on wheat, experiLMMl
various localities was so different. One man would complain tliatii||
or weakly variety was attacked worst by rust, while another wdiildi^
that a free-growing variety was most attacked. One gentleman wtuij
far as to say that all quick-growing varieties were lia))le to rust.
Mr. McKinlay said that he had noticed on the coast of Newfuui
land that if a fosfgy morning occurred at a certain period of tlieyeuj
always found his wheat rusted.
Mr. Fletcher said that in England it was probable tliat tliere^
hardly a crop of wheat grown which had not been, during seme tiiwl
its growth, subjected to foggy weather, yet there wore many cn'|»l
wheat raised there without rust. It migh^ be that if the plaiit wertl
an unhealtl y condition it would be more « .- x'ptible lo disease in fuf
weather. As a matter of fact this rust ov, ^.f^r-ials U m^re widespi^
than any other vegetable disease known.
An interesting discussion fidUowed, wi.ich it w.w nni)oa8il>K' tmel
owing to the darkness of the roo'n. The meeting ci(wed withthinl
tii(«i i)i officers for the ensuing year.
Qo to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Men's Suits.
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■"' '■^•^.■^ '
ST
37
iually shewn its J
I. It is not right li
bo have to risk lata
y necessary, as tiia
have them dimeiJ
I believe that tlj
lighly ])ractic»l ;
ling of results ulocj
ten in such a way>
h will be disti'itat(|
uch pleased vsitl.
opinif)n wl; Hioi '
ught that wV '
le product. II. .:
lean cro]) <ii wh&>
previous year witli
ied by rust.
;r certain atmnspliei
'ai)idly than atntk
istence spontaneuusli
season you "wyl"'
a start. You certan
2rop had been bivdij
,tm<isi)hericooiidiiiei
le time, as a prevent]
ome other croiis.doi
f(-llo\ving seaaon.
1,1 of wlu'i.t ritli 8]
lanontheponva'i*
urieties of wheat vt
Last year, before t
nt members "fPai:
lied next sessiuu,
urnish his constitua
3enied to benndelii
n wheat, experience
d c(miplain thatiif
^lile another would!
One gentleiiuui ml
: liable to rust.
the coast of Newf'
period of the jc
probable that there i
jn, during some timil
•re wore many ^''"1*1
:liat if the plant «et(F
iblt '.o disease 111 Ij
als in m;)ve witltspii
\\.\A impossible tor
ng i-io^ed wilhthet
Bookseller arr^ Stationer,
b GOVERNMENT ST., VICTORIA, B. C.
A Complete line of
m STATIONERY AND SCHOOL BOOKS
tephens', Arnold's, Sanford's, Stafford's & Thomas' Inks.
EAP Literature, A Specialty.
ers by Mail Solicited and Satisfaction Guaranteed.
!L I Citf hi] Factory
Ice Cold
Soda Water
^•^fiiires tie Mi CANDIES io the City.
Also Importer and Dealer in
lEIGN AND DOMESTIC PEUITS,
NUTS, CIGARS, CIGARETTES, ETC., ETC.
Douglas St., between Johnson and Pandora,
Men's Suitii.
). Box 556,
VICTORIA, B. C.
38
i
1 i
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ARCH
Mij '^nery, Mantles,
Jeideys, Hosiery,
Gloves & Umbrellas
Gents' Furnishing Good!
CARPETS,
Blankets and House Furnishing Goods.
Dress IVIaking a Speciali)!
DAVID SPENCE
aOVT. ST., VICTORIA.
J«l > -_*« M (iVJt^ m i ftpj* (
wmm
JOHN MANSON'S FINE SHOT GUNS.
CONSTITUTION.
ARTICLE I. — NAME.
Section 1. This Society shall be called the British Col-
Inmbia Agricultural Association.
ARTICLE II — OBJECT.
Section 1. It shall be the object of this Association to
Bucourage the cultivation of the soil and the general devel-
opment of all the agricultural resources of the province.
Sec. 2. To foster every branch of mechanical and house-
loltl arts calculated to increase the happiness of home life.
Sec. 3. To extend and facilitate the various branches of
Iniiiinof and mininc; interests.
ARTICLE III. — MEMBERSHIP.
Section 1. The names of all Members shall be registered
a book kept by the Secretary for that purpose, and the
liiuual fee of membership shall be ^3.00, which shall also
jntitle Members to compete for any prizes of the Association
ithout any charge as entrance fees.
Sec. 2. Any person may become a member for life by
le payment of twenty-five dollars.
Sec. 3. Any pereon being a member of this Association
lall be eligible to office, entitled to vote, receive a printed
^py of the constitution, and such other matter as the
Usociation may publish, and have free admission to all the
shibitions of the Association.
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ARTICLE IV. — OFFICERS.
Section 1. The officers of this Association shall consist of
J^residcnt, two Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer,
Igether with ten members to be elected at an annual meet-
k of the A8so(;iation, who shall constitute a Board of
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Boys' Suits.
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40
Managers. At any meetin"; of the Managers (5) five mem-
bers shall constitute a quorum to transact business.
Sec. 2, The President shall ]»reside at all meetino-s of
the Association and shall, at the written request of Hve
members of the Board of Managers, call special lueetiiiirs;
shall appoint all committees not otherwise ordei-ed ; sJiiiH
vote only at the election of ofHcers and in case of a tie ; niid.
sign all financial and official documents or papers cniaiiatini;
from the Secretary and not otherwise jirovided for, and luivef
a general supervision of all matters pertaining to the intoi
ests of the Association and its fairs.
In the absence of the President and Vice-Presidents tlie
Association may choose a Chairman, viv<i voce, unless votiii^|
by ballot be requested by two or more members.
Sec. 3. Duties of Sec ketary. — The Secretary shall con-
duct the correspondence of the Association, keepinif in a[
separate book copies of all letters in the name and
behalf of the Association, holding the same free to the
spectiou of any member of the Association at any rc<»u!iirj
meeting of the same.
He shall receive and file all letters addressed to the Asi^ivl
elation, holding the same subject to the Board of Maiiiigers.l
He shall attend all meetings of the Assoctiation and tliej
Board, keeping a full record of all the doings of each in a
separate book, and shall, if required, furnish a copy of siidi
proceedings for publication. He shall prepare and ])n\)M
all notices of meetings ; ])repare and si^n all gratnitoib orj
complimentary cards or tickets of admission ; shall connter-[
sign all diplomas, certificates of merit, etc., awarded l)_vtli(j
Association, and forward the same to their respective claini-j
ants.
He shall keep the seal and all ]»lates, dies, engravings, etc.
belonging to the Association, and shall cansc to he sti™
therefrom sueh medals and impressions as may I'rom tinu'tij
time be required.
He shall have charge of all sj)ecimcns, molds, jdates. seal
books, etc.; arrange, prepare, or distiihute the same uini«|
the direction of the l^oard.
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Boys* Suits
:'.*-Ssiiai«ii-»'
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BASE BALL GOODS,
iit jmv rei-'uiitr
41
He shall receive all moneys due or payable to tlie Associa-
lioii, and pay the same over to the Treasurer, taking his re-
|ei|it for the same ; shall hold all bonds filed by the officers
jortlie faithful performance of their duty, and all vouchers
lor every class of exj^enditure. He shall countersign all
liafts ordered by the Board of Managers or Finance Com-
piittec, and record the names of life and annual members in
book kei)t for that purpose in aljdiabetical oi'der, and shall.
It the anmuil meeting of each year, prepare a tabular
|tateiiient of the recei])ts and exjtenditures of the Associa-
ion, and place the same in the hands of the committee on
Yuitmi; for puldication, and when required, present the
lame to the Board of Managers.
He sliall prepare all reports to be made by the Board to
lie Association, and jierform such other duties as the Asso-
liiitiou of the Board of Managers may require, and for his
lei'vices he shall receive such compensation as the Board
liall decide to pay.
Sec. 4. Duties op Treasurer — The Treasurer shall re-
ceipt for all moneys received fi'om the liands of the Secre-
larv or any other person ; shall disburse the same when
indited and allowed by the Finance ('ommittee on an order
iom the Secretary. But this provision shall not apply in
':ie])aymeut of premiums on the fair grounds, but he may
iiiere pay demands against the Association when satisfied of
ilioir justice. He shall also hold in trust all bonds, notes,
loeds, or other evidence of debt or possession belonging to
lie Association, and shall transfer, invest or dispose of the
lame only by direction of the Association, or by written
V'der of the Board.
He sliaj], before entering upon the duties of his office, file
k'itli the Secretary a bond foi* the faithful performance of
duties, said bond to be ai)proved by the Board, and to
be in a sura equal to the coml»ined amounts of funds on
biuid and the estimate revenue for the year. He shall at
ladi annual meetiuij: make the Board of Manaii:ers a detail-
Id report of all his doings during the year, for which service
xo .shall receive such compensation as the Hoard shall from
[iiiie to time decide to pay.
AUTICI.E v. — liOAlU) OK MAXACiKHS.
Section' 1. Or whom Composed. — The Board of Managers
Oo to B. WILLIAMS k CO. for Children's Suits.
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shall meet on the 2nd day of the fair at 10 a. m. of each year,
and shall be composed of the officers named in Article 4,
Sec. 2. Duties of the Board. — The Board of Mamiirersl
shall have the general financial management of the iiriaiijl
of the Association in the interim of annual meetings. TlievL
shall fill vacancies occurring between elections and maketliel
necessary arrangements and preparations for all mootiiii;s,|
fairs, exhibitions, etc. The ]3oard shall also have powerto
make its own by-laws (not inconsistent with this CoiistituI
tion) and arrange the time and place of holding its owtiI
meetings.
ARTICLE VI. — STANDING COMMITTEE.
Section 1. Committee on Finance shall consist of tlireei
members of the Board of Managers to be elected at tk
annual meeting, whose duty it shall be to audit the Treas-[
urer's and Secretary's accounts ; to examine and approve al
bills before they are paid ; to have a general supervision ofi
the finances of the Association and report their doings iufiilll
to the Board when called upon to do so.
Se'^. 2. Committee of Publication. — The Committee ol
Publication shall consist of three, whose duty it shall betoj
contract for and sujierintend under the direction of the ISoaid
all printing and publishing necessary for the pros})erit}' of]
the Association.
article VII. — donations and bequests.
Section 1. All donations, bequests and legacies to tlml
Association designated by their donors for any paiticiilarj
purpose embraced within the objects of this Association
shall be, with strict fidelity, so applied, and the name of eadi
donor, together with the description and amount of suoli
donation, and the object for which it is designated, shall l»f j
registered in a book kept for that purpose.
ARTICLE VIII. — meetings AND EXHIBITIONS.
Section' 1. The Associationshallholdan Annual Fair ai
Cattle Show at such times and places as shall bo airreeii]
upon by the Board of Managers.
B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Hats, Caps, Etc.
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GUNS, RIFLES, AMMUNITION,
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ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
Sec. 2 The annual meeting foi- the election of officers
[shall l)e held on the exhibition ground during one of the days
of the show, notice of time and place shall be given by the
[Board of Managers on the first day.
Sec 3. Special Meetings. How Callfd. — No special
[meeting shall l)e called by the Association but upon fourteen
days notice given and published in some newspaper in the
Province, nor without a request signed by at least ten
I members.
Sec. 4. It shall not be admissable for any member to
[vote by proxy in any meeting of this Association or at its
[Board of Managers.
Skc. 5. Quorum of the Associaiion.— At any meeting
jof the Association ten members shall constitute a quorum.
ARTICLE IX. — CFFICE AND ROOMS.
The offices of the Association in each year shall be located
[at the place where the fair is to be held, at which place the
[Secretary and Treasurer shall reside.
ARTICLE X — AMENDMENTS.
Amendments m..ti • e presented in writing, at an annual
Imeeting, when, if agreed to by three-fourths of the mem-
jbers present, shall be adopted.
ARTICLE XI.
The Association shall hold an aiuinal meeting at such
jplace and time asthe Board of Managers slmll decide.
ARTICLE XII.
This Constitution shall take effect from and after its
[aJoptioD.
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Latest Styles, all Prices and Sizes,
GENTS' PATENT LEATHER PUMPS
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ENTRIES.
1. All entries to ))e made two dear days before Thurs-
day, October 4. Can be made by letter to tlie Secretary.
For cattlf, sheen, horses and pigs on amount of prizes l.i i)or eent.
For nil ver niudHl 2 .iO
AKricuIluriil iniplenients 1 (Kl
Field produce .50
I )air.\- |)ro(luco lis
FruitH 2.')
V(!Ketal)leH W
Kntraiice Hand Contest 1.5 per cent.
.Special and Sv.coiJStake.s 20 "
Special and otber entries 50 cents, except for ladie.s and
misses, 25 cents. Trials of speed, 15 per cent, on amount
of purse ottered.
3. All live stock to be in tlie show yard not later than
nine o'clock a. m. Thursday the 4tb, at which hour the gate
will be closed, after which nothing will be admitted.
4. All animals shall remain in the show yard until G p.m,
Saturday the 6th.
5. The Society will not be liable for any losses or (him-
age which stock may sustain.
♦». Pens will be provided for all live stock.
7. In awarding prizes for breeding cattle, sheep or pin;?,
the judges will be especially in.structcd not to take into con-
sideration their jiresent value to the butcher, but to decide
according to their relative merits for the purpose of breeding.
8. Exhibitors of thoroughbred stock must hand in the
l)edigrees to the judges when examining the stock.
In judging blooded stock, regard will be had to the ]»nritY
of breed establi.shed by pedigree, size, form, action, ami
general characteristics of the various breeds, making proiior
allowance for age. No one will be allowed to judge while
ho is an exhibitor.
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Underwear.
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JOHN MANSON'S x^lNE SHOT GUNS.
not later thaii]
h hour the 'nite
45
I Men in charge of .stock are stricitly prohil)itO(l from mak-
litii? iiny remarks regarding the stock unlens information be
Ircqiiired of them by the judges.
Tlio iige of a horse shall be com[)Uted from the first day
|ot' Jimuury of the year in which it was foaled.
Judges will in no case award a prize when there is no
Inierit, and in case there is but one article or animal exbibit-
Jed ill a division or class, the}' will award only one prize in
L division the highest, or a second or a third as may be
jproper.
No ribbons will be allowed on any article or animal until
bame have been judged and prizes awarded. No distin-
Igiii.sliiiig brand or work will be allowed on any exhibit.
All articles of field, garden and dairy produce, etc., must
Ibe /w/ta /rV/g, the [)roduction of the exhibitor, and must l)e
leiitored with the {Secretary two clear days previous to the
Idiiv of show. All articles to be exhibited to be at the show
;roiiii(l the day previous to the day of show.
0. That green crops and vegetables of all kinds should be
[delivered into the show room cleanly waslied.
10. All exhibits of stock articles of manufacture of every
Bviiid and specialty are eligible for entry for prizes only by
lllie owner or authorized agents.
12. The President and the Board of Managers shall have
ilie general supervision of the grounds and entire exhibition
pd control the police regulations, and entrance and exit
btes.
13. The fair grounds will be open for the reception of all
iirticles one day before the commencement of the fair, and
bjthing may be shipped to the care of the general super-
[iitendent of the grounds, but in no case will such articles l)e
Drought on the grounds and placed on exhibition except by
pd at the expense of the owner or his authorized agents.
14. All feed for stock will have to be provided by the
jxliibitor. But there will be hay and feed on the ground
(or sale should any one desire to buy it.
aderwear. ^^t B. Williams & Co. you get satisfaction or money refunded.
losses or dam-
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16. The Board of Managers will iise every precaution in
their power for the safe preservation of all artic^lesaiKlstodl
on exliibition, but will not be accountable for loss or (liima<'e,
Exhibitors must give attention to their articles or animals
during the fair and at the close of the exhibition attoiul tol
their removal. Unly the owners of tlie different aiiimiils|
entered for exhibition will be admitted free of charije.
17. Any person knowingly violating any of the rules oil
this Society will therefor forfeit and be debarred froni[
receiving any premium that may be awarded them.
18. All trials of speed shall be governed by the I'liJesiii
regulations herewith published, so far as practicable.
19. Judges shall have power to withhold any prizes \vl "I
they are of the ojanion that any animal or article exlii'
is not worthy of the same.
20. Officers of different divisions to be distinguisliod lij|
different colored badges.
21. Should there not be funds enough on hand to ]
prizes in full tliey will be paid j)ro rata.
22. Should there be any disputes or misunderstaiuliii'j
which none of our by-laws, rules, or regulations will i,'oveni|
whether in connection of si>eeding horses or decisions ofj
judges or anything in comiection with the exhibition it sli
be referred to the Board of Managers whose decision willbej
final.
The first day will l)e set apart for judging ; grounds wil
be open to the public at 9 a. m. on the second day.
The judges of the various classes will report themselvKj
at the Secretary's office at 10 a. m., the 4th Octol)er, anill
should there be any vacancies they will be filled hy tliej
President and Board of Managers.
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Men's Suits.
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BASE BALL GOODS
POWERS OF STEWARDS
OK THE
ritish Columbia Agricultural Society.
lifitiiii^nifilicd 1))'
mie stewards hIiuII liiivc full i>owor to make nil sncli
j-aiigemoiits for the coiidiict of the meeting uh they may
ik fit, and to regulate un<l control the conduct of all
miuls and of all jockeyH, grooms and jiersouH attending on
rscs, and to determine all ({uestiouH or disputes ar ing
bvcoii any ]»ersons at or in relation to anything done or
litted ill reference to racing, exce[)t only disputes or claims
latiiig to hets.
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judge, a starter and other officials shall he appointed
Itlie stewards.
There shall he three judges, a permanent judge and
assistants. The judge shall decide which liorse wins and
tgu their respective jilaces in the race, except in running
best of heats. If one of the judges be in the stand dur-
;tlie running of a heat or race it shall not be void. The
[iiiaiieiit judges shall decide all disputes relative to the
|iig Jle shall receive no evithnce in regard to foul riding,
lept from the racing officials. The places of horses in
[ting shall be determined by lot by the judges.
I'heu no weight is mentioned the horses shall carry the
fblislied weight for age — i. e.:
' 2 years old 86 pounds
•3 years old 90 piounds
1 4 years old 104 pounds
' years old 110 pounds
\ 6 years old and upw^ards. .114 pounds
jlu'ee pounds shall be allowed for mares and geldings.
Ill riders must be dressed in colors (a cap and a jacket of
lor satin).
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Children's Suits.
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In heats of one mile 45 yarJ
In hejrts of three miles Ooyarl
4. In all matters relating to races or runnin<i; of a la
not provided for, the judsres shall decide accordiiiN' tot'J
best of their judgment amtthe usage of the turf.
Every rider shall imme<li<(teh/ after the race or lieat rij
his horse to the usual ])lace of weighing and iilio-lit m
obtaining the peumission of the judge aud not before/asj
weigh to tlie satisfaction of the clerk of the course, liefof
doing which he is forbidden to touch anything l)cyoii(ltij
equipments of his horse. The rider must not suffer ;ig
person to touch or put cover on his horse.
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THURSDAY NIGHT AT 8 ?.%
.A.T OIL.-A.RElSrOE liOXEIIL..
ANNUAL MEETI
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Friday, October 5th, at 7 P.
A.T THE CITY tlAlL,!^.
Ball Will be Held Friday Eveni
Time and Place will be Given Out at the Exhibition,
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Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Underwear.
inson Streets.
GUNS. RIFI,ES, AMMUNITION,
runninji; of a n\
I accorilin;;" tot
SPEED PROGRAMME FOR 1888.
Editors and reporters for the press will be provided with
biple fficilities for obtaining and transmitting information
jit no reporter, unless known as such to some member of
le Board, or provided with a certificate from the publisher
! claims to represent, shall he be entitled to free admission to
|e irrounds. Permits for the reporters can be obtained from
le Secretary, one for each paper.
SECOND DAY.
|l.strace, British Columbia bred colts, three or four years
1, single dash one mile. Purse $100.
jFour to enter three to start.
[211(1 race. Two mile dash, trotting Open to all horses
m have not beaten 8 minutes in sulkeys. Purse SlOO,
I Four to enter three to start.
THIRD DAY.
Isi, Trotting race open to all, mile heats best tw^" out of
file. Four to enter three to start. Purse .$150
I'iml. Mile dash open to all. Four to enter fchree to start
Purse $100
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VICTORIA, is THE CHEAPEST
CLASS.
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DIVISION A.
DURHAMS.
Best Bull, three years old and upwards .*20
Second do 10
Best Bull, two years ol<l 10
Second do 7
Best Bull, one year old 7
Second do .3
Best Bull Calf o i
Second do ■'} i
Best Bull of any age 20 1
Best Bred Cow, in Calf or Milk 20 1
Second do 10
Best Bred two year old Heifer 10 1
Second do 7
Best yearling Heifer o
Second do •]
Best Heifer Calf 5
Second do 3
Best Bre<l Cow or Heifer 20
Best herd of Cows or Heifers, not less than tive. . 20
HOLSTEINS.
Best Bull, three years old and upwards $'20 \
Second do 101
Best Bull, two years old 10 1
Second do 7
Best Bull, one year old 1'
Second do •' '
Best Bull Calf i '
Second do -
Best Bull of any age -0 '
Best Bred Cow in Calf or Milk 201
Second do 101
Best Bred two year old Heifer 10 1
Second do "
Best 3'earling Heifer ■"
Second do
Best Heifer Calf
Second Heifer Culf ^ '
Best Bred Cow or Heifer 20 1
Best herd of Cows or Heifers, not less than five. 20 1
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Underwear.
JOHN HANSON'S FINE SHOT GUNS.
51
JERSEYS.
lASS.
H Best Hull, 8 years and upwards $15 00
Second do do 7 50
Ko Best Bull, 2 do 7 50
Second do do 5 00
Bewt Bull, 1 year old 5 00
Second do 3 00
K7 Best Bull Calf 5 00
Second do 2 50
K8 Best Cow in Calf or Milk 10 00
Second do 5 00
Id Best 2 year old Heifer 7 50
Second do 5 00
10 Best I year old Heifer 5 00
Second <lo 2 50
Best Heifer Calf 5 00
Second do 2 50
AYRSHIRES.
12 Best Bull, 3 years and upwards $10 00
Second do do 5 00
13 Best Bull, 2 do 7 50
Second do do 5 00
14 Best Bull, 1 year old 5 00
Second do 3 00
Best Bull Calf 5 00
Second do 2 50
Best Cow in Calf or Milk 10 00
Second do 5 00
Best 2 year old Heifer 7 50
Second do 5 00
Best 1 year old Heifer 5 00
Second do 2 50
Best Heifer Calf 5 00
Second do 2 50
DEVONS.
Best Bull, 3 years am' upwards $10 00
Second do do 5 00
Best Bull, 2 do 7 50
Second do do 5 00
Best Hull, 1 year old 5 00
Second do 3 00
|B, Williams & Co. you get satisfaction or money refunded.
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DEVONS- Continued.
Best Bull Calf
Second do
Best Cow in Calf or Milk
Second do
Best 2 jear old Heifer
Second do
Best 1 year old Heifer
Second do
Best Heifer Calf
Second do
2
, 10
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HEREFORDS.
Best Bull, 3 years and upwards 810
Second do do
Best Bull, 2 do
Second do do
Best Bull, I year old
Second do
Best Bull Calf
Second do
Best Cow in Calf or Milk 10
Second <lo "i
Best 2 year old Heifer 7
Second do .i
Best 1 year old Heifer 5
Second do 2
Best HoiferCalf o
Second do i
GRADED STOCK.
Best Bull, .'{ years and over, 1st ])rize 81
Second do 2n<l <lo
Best Bull, two years and under three, 1st pri/r.
Second do do 2nd <lo . +'
Best Bull, one year and under two, 1st prize. . . .
Second do do 2n(l do ....
Best Bull Calf
Second do
Best Milch Cow, three years and over
Second do do
Best Heifer, two years and under three
Second do do +'
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c.
BASE BALL GOODS
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2ii<l do
st prize ...
1(1 do ...
10<
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htss. GRADED STOCK— Continued.
[62 Best Heifer, one year and under two S 00
Second do do 8 00
|(i3 Be.st Heifer Calf 4 00
Second do 2 00
|()4 Be.st herd. con,sistin<^' of one Bull and five Cow.s or
Heifer.s over two year.s old ; Bull Calf to be
allowed \ 20 00
Second do do 10 00
|li.) Best bei'd of Heifers one year (>lil and under two,
consisting of not less than live head, 1st pri/e lo 00
Second do do 7 50
|G6 Best Fat Steer of any age 7 50
Second do 5 00
|67 Best two Fat Cattle 10 00
Second <lo 5 00
DIVISION B.
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HORSES-ROADSTERS.
Best Stallion
Secoiul do
Best marc with foal at foot
Second do
Best three year old Gelding
Second do
Best three year old Filly
Second do
Be.st two year old Filly
Second do
Best one year old Filly
Sci'ond do
Best Sucking Filly
Second do
Be.st Sucking Colt..
Second do
Best two year old Colt
Second do
Best one year old Colt
Second do
Best pair (Carriage Horses over 15.1 hands
do ao 15:^ hands and under
S20 00
10 00
10 00
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3 00
5 00
3 00
5 00
3 00
5 00
3 00
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3 00
5 00
3 00
10 00
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Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Boys' Suits.
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GOOD HAT IS AT THE
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HORSES-ROADSTERS— C.jntinued.
Best Saddle Horse $ 5 Od
Second do 3 01
Best Buggy Horse a Oi)
Second do 2 ii)
Best Walking Horse under saddle 5 oi)
Second do do 2 .jl)
DRAUGHT HORSES.
Best Stallion $20(MH36
Second do .- 10 Od
Best mare with foal at foot 10 Od
Second do 5""
Best three year old Gelding ')
Second do 3
Best three year old Filly 5
Second do 3
Best two year old Filly 5
Second do 3
Best one year old Filly ')
Second do 311
Best Sucking Colt 5 i
Second do 3
Best Sucking Colt 5 01
Second do 3
Best two year old Colt 5
Second do 3
Best one year old Colt 5
Second do 3
Best pair Draught Horses 10
Second do o
Best Dray Hoi-ge 7
Second do o
Best Walking Horse 5
Second . do 2
HORSES— GENERAL PURPOSES.
Best Stallion for general purposes ^20
Second do 10
Best mare with foal ut foot 1"
Second do ')
Best three year old Gelding ■'
Second do 3i
B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Hats, Caps, Etc.
GUNS, RIFLES, AMMITNITION,
55
►US.S. HORSES- GENERAL PURPOSES— Contimied.
|32 Best tbreo year old Filly $ A 00
Second * do 8 00
!33 Best two yesir old Filly ... 5 00
Second " do 3 00
|34 Best one year old Filly 5 00
Second do 3 00
|35 Best Snoking Filly 5 00
Second do 3 00
136 Best Sncking Colt 5 00
Second do 3 00
137 Best two year old Colt . 5 00
Second do ,. 3 00
|38 Best one year old Colt .* 5 00
Second do ^ 3 00
139 Best pair Carriage Koi*se.s over 15 J hands 10 00
|40 do do 15| hands and nnder 7 50
141 Best Saddle Horse 5 00
Second do 3 00
|42 Best Buggy Horse 5 00
Second "^ do 3 00
|43 Best Pulling Team 7 50
Second do 5 00
|44 Best Wallcing Horse, under saddle 5 00
Second "do do 2 50
EQUESTRIANSHIP.
[lost graceful and accomplished lady lider, Ist prize, $10 ; 2d
prize, $7.50 ; 3d prize, $5. Five to enter. Entrance, $1.
Rule. — No lady will l)e allowed to lide faster than a mod-
hiite giillo[». Running will forfeit all claim to premium.
ladies contending for premiums in this class will be
huired to exchange horses with one anothc. at least once
iiriug the Exhibition.
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[lost graceful and accomplished gentleman rider, 1st prize,
2d, $7.50 ; 3d, $5. Six to enter. Entraice$2.
The same rules to be observed as in ladies' class.
Latest Styles, all Prices and Sizes.
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DIVISION C.
SHEEP— LEICESTERS.
CLASS.
1 Best Ram, one year old and upwards SIO
Second do do 5
2 Best Ham Lamb .')
Second do 3
3 Best pen of 6 Ewes, one year old and upwards.. 7 OOl
Second do do it Oi)|
4 Best pen of 3 Ewe Lambs ;'>
Second do 3
SHEEP— SOUTH DOWNS.
5 Best Ram, one year old and upwards $10
Second do ;">
6 Best Ram Lamb..... ;')
Second do :^
7 Best pen of 3 Ewes, one year old and upwards.. T
Second do do ')
8 Best pen of 3 Ewe Lambs <>
Second do 4
SHEEP— OOTSWOLDS.
9 Best Ram, one year old and upwards S .0 Oi
Second do 5 (H
10 Best Ram Lamb 5 01
Second do "^ M
11 Best ]>en of 3 Ewes, one year old and upwards.. 7 00
Second do do 5 Odl
12 Best pen of 3 Ewe Lambs -•
Second do 4
SHROPSHIRE OR HAMPSHIRE DOWNS.
13 Best Ram, one year old and upwards §10 ^
Second do 5
14 Best Ram Lamb 5 ill
Second do 3li«|
15 Best pen of 3' Ewes, one year old and u])wards.. 7
Second do do •» W
16 Best pen of 3 Ewe Lambs '
Second do ■^^
Tbe Committee would recommend tluit tbo sliee|t
waslied if possible.
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Cbildren's Suits
ami SI IOCS
JOHN MANSON'S FINE SHOT GUNS.
57
DIVISION D.
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5 0«
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5 0i
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$10
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hat tlie slieepl«|
CLASS
1
9
110
11
12
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ildren'.s Suits.
PIGS— BERKSHIRE,
Best Boar, oue year old and upward.'^ $10
Second do do 5
Best breeding Sow in farrow at the meetint"; oi-
that has been within wx months 7
Second do do 4
Best i)cn of two Sows, of the same litter under
. twelvemonths T)
Second do do 3
Best Boar under one year old 5
Second do 3
POLAND CHINA.
Best Boar over one year old $10
Second do 5
Best breedino; Sow in farrow at the meetinii; or
that has been within six months 7
Second do do 4
Best pen of two Sows, of tlie same litter, under
twelve months 5
Second do do 3
Best Boar under one year old ;">
Second do 3
ESSEX.
Best Boar over one year old $10
Second do -^
Best breedinji" Sow in farrow at the meetiuff or
that has been within six months 7
Second do do 4
Best pen of two Sows, of the same litter, under
twelve mouths •">
Second do do 3
Best Boar under oue ;.'ear old T)
Second do do 3
WHITE CHESTER.
Best Boar over one year old $10
Second do b
CJo to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Men's Suits.
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VICTORIA, IS THE CHEAPEST
58
PIUS- WHITE CHESTER— Uontinuocl.
Best breediiifij Sow in farrow at the meetiiiii: or
that ha8 been within six months 8 7 ;(fj
Second do do 41
Best j»en of two Sows, of the same litter, under
twelve months o Ml
Second do do 3
Best Boar inider one year old., 5
Second do do 3
Best fat Pig of any breed ;')
Second do 2 &)|
SWEEPSTAKES—LIVE STOCK.
Best Stallion of any kind $25 Ml
Best Mare do 2.^m|
Best exliibition of Stallions, Geldings, Mares
and Fillies made by one exhibitor, raised and
owned in the I'rovince. 25 ODl
Best Bull of any kind 25
Best Cow do 25
Best Sow do 10 Ml
Best Boar do 10 mI
Best Ewe do 10 OOl
Best Ram do 10 M|
Cow giving richest milk 5
Cow giving most milk : 5
Cow giving most and best milk 5
DIVISION E.
POULTRY.
Best two Turkeys $2
Second do 1 1^1
2 Geese, trio 2
Second do 1
3 Ducks, trio 2
Second do 1
4 Best trio Spanish 2 Ml
Second do "^H
5 Best trio Dorkings - ''^'1
Second do 1
A Dollars worth for U tit B. WILLIAMS & CO.,
BASE BALL GOODS.
mod.
cetiiiu;
or
4f*
,er, iiiulei'
OlW
3W
ft fW
8ftl
ai
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....$25 0«
ii) M
igs, Ml
raised
u-es
iuul
2o(»
2.^(«
2;) i)«
10 0«
10 01
10 OH
10 M
oOO
50«
5M
59
uss. POrLTRY- -Continued.
Best trio Bra]ima.s (li«rlit) $2 00
Second do ' I 00
7 Best trio Brahmas (dark) 2 00
Second do . • 1 00
8 Best trio Polish 2 00
Second do 1 00
9 Best trio Butf Cochin 2 00
Second do 1 00
110 Best ti-io White Cochin 2 00
Second do 1 00
111 Best trio Tartridge Cocliin 2 00
Second do 1 00
|12 Best trio Longshanks 2 00
Second do 1 00
113 Best trio Leghorns (white) 2 00
Second " do I 00
|U Best trio Leghorns (hrown) 2 00
Second " do 1 00
.ij Best trio Plymouth Rock 2 00
Second do 1 00
10 Best trio any other kind 2 00
Second do 1 00
IT Best trio Bants 2 00
Second do I 00
Best trio Black Red Game 2 00
Second do I 00
19 Best trio Brown Red Game 2 00
Second do 1 00
20 Best trio Duckwing Game 2 00
Second do 1 00
i] Best trio any other kind 2 00
Second do I 00
^•^ Best Pit Game 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best trio Guinea Fowl 2 00
Second do 1 00
24 Best i)air Rahbits 2 00
Second do 1 00
:•) Best Guinea Pig 2 00
Second do 1 00
SINGLE COCKS BRED BY THE EXIinilTOli.
^'' Best 8panisli Cock .* 2 00
Second do 1 00
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60
POULTRY-Contiiiued.
BcHt Dorking do S2
Second do 1
Best Bnilnna do •. 2
Seooud do 1
Best Polish do 2
Second do I
Best C^oclrn do 2
Second do ; 1
Best Leii;lioni do 2
Second do 1
Best Plymouth do 2
Second do 1
Best Black Red Game C\)ck 2 .
Second do 1 """ ^
Best Brown do 2
Second do 1
Best Dnckwina: do 2
Second do 1
Best Pit Game Cock .'. 2 ,
Second do 1 "" *
Best single Cock in yard 2
Second do 1
PIGEONS.
Best pair of Pouters 81 01)^ 7
Second do iiil
Best jiair of Nuns 1 W^ ^
Secon.'. do oil!
Best pair of Fantails 1 MP !'
Second do oi'L
Best ]»air of Homing Antwerps I ')^p^^
Second do (\o •^'I
Best ])air of Turbits 1
Second do 'M
Best j.siir of Barl)s 1 Di
Second do
Best pair of Jacohins 1 W|
Second do '^Hi->
Best Collection in yard, S[>ecial prize ]»rcsente(l .^^.^
by G. A. Perrin •'» '^j^
:o.
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Chil.hen's Suits
GUNS, RIFLES, AMMUNITION,
61
DIVISION F.
. .?2 m
.. 1
2f)i
1 (1
21)
111
2^
n.
2(
11
21
K
2'
1
, 2
, 1
Mm
. 1
. 1
^)|
I m
1
111
111
',0 ]»rcseiittHl
;) n
DAIRY PRODUCE.
I'LAS.S,
1 Best five [»omi<ls of IJiittcr, I'rosh ^7
Second do do 5
Third do do 2
•2 Host Firkin Bntter, not lens tlian 50 ]»onndH. ... 7
.^ocond do do do .... 5
Tliird do do do .... 3
3 Best Tub Bnttor, not le.ss than 50 pounds 7
Second do do do 5
Third do do do ...... 2
4 Best Cheese nnule in the IM'oviiu'e to he exhibi-
ted by the ^hlnufac•turer 7
Second do do 5
'iuMd do do 2
;' Tic. viest fresh twelve liens Eggs 1
Second do do
ij Heaviest twelve Turkey Eggs 1
Second do do
FOR MISSES UNDER 14 YEARS OF AGE.
CLASS I — BREAD.
T Salt Rising $1
Second do •
8 n()[> liising 1
Second do
Potato Yeast 1
Second do
|10 Soda Biscuit 1
Second do
CL.VSS ir. — CAKES,
^'■U Best as.sortnient Cakes, not less than tliroc $5
50
00
50
50
00
GO
50
00
50
50
00
50
00
50
00
50
Second do do do
MISCELLANEOUS
12 Honey, best dish of, in Comb $2
lo Candies, best assortment, Provincial make 5
U Cofi'ee and Spice in tins and pa[ters, best assort-
ment f 5
I'j Wine, best currant, one gallon, rrovineial 8
00
50
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50!
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50 1
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50
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Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Underwear.
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CLASH.
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VICTORIA, IS THE CHEAPEST
62
MISCELLANEOUS— Continued.
Cider, one gallon, Provincial
Beer, best from Provincial hops and malt
Second do do
Porter
Second
Ale
Second
Flour, best made in the Province
Second do do
Best loo pounds Oatmeal, Provincial
Second do do
Split Peas
Second do
Best 25 lbs. Beet Root Sugar, Provincial
Cranberries, best barrel of
Second do
Salmon, best barrel of pickled
do second do
do best preserved in tins
do second do
Best Smoked Salmon
Second do
Best Smoked Herring
CigarM, white lal)or make
Toijacco leaf, best 10 pounds grown in the I'to-
vince
Best home made Fly Rod
Second do do
Best Card home made Flies
Best do imported do
3
:3
2
5
3
5i
2 501
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1
5
3
•1
5 001
5
3
loOl
2
9
DIVISION G.
VEGETABLES.
CLA8M.
1
2
3
Potatoes, best bushel, Kidneys
.fi 4
do
do
do
do
do
second do
best bushel, round variety
8' ^ond do
be> ii three varieties, one bushel of eacli
su. ,nd do do do do
2.11
3i)0|
At B. WiilJaLic & Co. you get satisfaction or money refundet
JOHN HANSON'S FINE SHOT GUNS.
63
ILASS,
.:*2 .^1
..1.^
... 2o«
,. l,)i
lei of e.icli . . :5»J
ao .--^^
)t money refunded
VEGETABLES— Continued.
Potatoes, best new viirietv not before exliibited in
the Province . . ."' $2 50
do .second <lo do do I 50
Cabbages, best brace, other tlmn cattle 2 00
do second do I 00
Turnips, best twelve •. 2 00
do second 1 00
Canots, best twelve 2 00
do second 1 00
Parsnips, best twelve 2 00
do second 1 00
Onions, best twelve 2 00
do second 1 00
Peas, green, best dish, one gallon 1 50
Beans, Scarlet Runners, best dish 1 50
do Kidney do 1 50
Corn or maize, best < welve heads 1 50
Coin, table do I 50
Beets, best twelve 1 50
Celery, best six bunches 1 00
I .'ttuces do 1 50
Sijuash, best brace of 1 50
Pumpkins I 50
Vegetable Marrows, best two of 1 50
Tomatoes, best dish of twelve 1 50
Cucumbers, best half dozen 1 50
Cauliflower, do 1 50
^J3r Varieties to be correctly named.
DIVISION H.
FIELD PRODUCE.
Best one bushel Wheat, Autumn $ 7
Second do do 5
Third do do 3
Best one Bushel Wheat, Spring 7
Second do do 5
Third do do 3
Best one bushel Barley, Chevalier 5
Second do dg Ji
Best one busliel rough Barley ,. . . . 5
Second do do 3
50
00
00
50
00
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00
00
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Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Boys' Suits.
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Emporium, Corner Government and Johnson Streets.
64
CLASS. FIELD PRODUCE— Continued.
5 Best one bushel Oats, white S 4 1
Second do do 2
G Best one bushel Oats, black 4
Second do do •>
7 Best one bushel white Peas, for agricultural
purposes
Second do do do
8 Best one bushel j^rey Peas do
Second do do do
9 Best one bushel Rye
Second do
Best one bushel Buckwheat
Second do
1 Best one bushel Tares
Second do
2 Best pocket of Hops, not less than 100 lbs
Second do
3 Best 12 Turnips, Swedes
Second do
4 Best twelve Turnips, Hyln-id variety
Second do
5 Best 12 Turnips, white
Second do
6 Best 12 Mangold Wurzel (globe)
Second do
7 Best Mangold Wurzel (long red)
Second do
8 Best Sut;ar Beets
Second do
9 Best 12 Carrots, white or yellow
Second do
20 Best 12 Carrots, red or orange varietv
Second do do
21 Best three Cabbages for Cattle
Second do
22 Best six Kohl Rabbi
Second do
23 Best bushel Potatoes— Early
Second do
24 Best bushel Potatoes — Late
Second do
25 Best bale of Hay
Second do
Go to B. WILLIAMS & Co. for Children's Suit.
inson Streets.
BASE BALL GOODS
65
S4
i-4
4
iirricultui'al
4
do 2
.lo i
do i
4
'2
!!...!!".•■ 4
2
4
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)0 lbs i
;i
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...... 1
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21
11
21
1
1
1
11
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41
2
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Jhildreii's Suit-.
hAM. FIELD PRODUCE— Continued.
126 Timothy Seed, best 100 lbs $ 3 00
do second do 1 50
|27 Clover Seed (Red) best 50 lbs 3 00
do second 1 50
1 28 Oul.ard Gra.ss, best 25 lbs 3 00
do second do 1 00
1 29 Rye Grass, best 50 lbs 8 00
do second do 1 50
|;}0 Best collection of Seeds 10 00
DIVISION I.
SECTION 2. HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTIONS-
FRUITS.
tlASS.
1 Apples, best twelve, early Autumn, dessert $2 50
do Second do 1 00
2 do Best twelve. Winter, eating 2 50
do Second do 1 00
3 do Best twelve, Cooking 2 50
do Second do 1 00
i do Best twelve, largest and heaviest 2 50
Pears, Best twelve, early Autumn, dessert 2 00
do Second do do 1 00
6 do Best twelve, Winter 2 00
do Second do 1 00
7 do Best twelve, cooking 2 00
8 Plums, Best twenty-iour, dcssort 2 00
do Second do 1 00
9 do Best twenty-four, preserving 2 00
do Second do 1 00
|10 Grape.s, Best di.sh of three bunches 2 00
do Second do 1 00
111 Quinces, Best twelve 2 00
112 Melons, Best brace of Water 2 00
do do Musk 2 00
113 Peaches, Best twelve 2 00
114 Best collection of Fruits 5 00
do Second 2 50
115 Red and White Currants 1 00
|16 Citrons, best brace 2 00
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Men's Suits.
W
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GOOD HAT IS AT THE
66
DIVISION J.
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2
!I.;m
WAGONS, CARRIAGES, AGRICULTURAL IMPLE-
MENTS, ETC.
ARTICLES TO ]JK oK I'ROVINCJIAL MANUFACTURE.
Reuper and Mower coinbiued, best made in the Pi-ovince..ij!')0 0(1
Reaping Mudiine, be.st combined 10 Oii
Plough, best exhibited by mannfacturer 7 iO
Harrows, do do 7 50
Horse Shoe, tlo do .i i]i)
Turnip Cutter, do do o (Ji)
Best Threshing Machine made in the Province, Horse
or Steam power .')() 1)0
Best Hay Press 20 Od
Second do 10 01)
Cheese Press, best ') Oi)
Butter Churn, best 5 OO
Best Hay Making Machine 10 00
Best <loubie Farm Wagon made in the Province 10 00
Second <lo do do 5 00
Best Single 0[Kn Buggy 5 OO
Second do <lo )] 00
Best Single Top Buggy o 00
Second do do ;J OO
Best Phaeton single o 00
Second do .^0"
Best Double ( )pen Buggy 7 ••0
Second <lo 4 <Nj
Best l)()ul)le Top Buggv 7 iO
Second do " 4 00
Best Light Spring Wagon 7 oO
Second do 4 OO
Best J)um)) Cart •) Oo
Seoojul di' , 2 oil
Best Bricks, not less than 100 ,S 00
Second do do 2 00
Best Flower Pots and Drain Pipes .'HO
Second do do 2 00
Best Drain Pipes H Oo
Second do 2 O'l
Best Fire Urate :M"'
Second <lo 2 00
B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Hats, Caps, Etc.
GXTNS, RIFLES, AMMUNITION,
RAL IMPLE-
67
WAGONS, CARRIAGES, &(•.— Continued.
Scst Assortment and Specimens of Ornamental Stain-
ed Woods $ 5 00
Sicond do do do 3 00
8est Assortment Trunks and Valises 5 00
Second do do 2 50
Pest Assortment Wagons, Ploughs, Buggies, &e., made
in the Province, by one maker 20 00
feecdiid do do do do 10 00
^est Display of Agricultural Implements, Wagons, &c.,
exhil)ited by one firm, other than made in the
province 20 00
lecond do do do do 10 00
DIVISION K.
ARTICLES TO RE OF PKOVINCIAL MANUFACTURE.
oap, best concentrated $ o 00
[do Washing 2 50
lest Cooking Stove made in the Province 10 00
est Parlor Stove do do 5 00
urniture, best assortment made in the Province 7 50
ncy Scroll Sawing 2 50
»io do cjecond 1 50
ors and Windows, best assortment. Provincial make 10 00
cond do do do do 5 00
^st Marble Work, assortment 10 00
^t collection Horse Shoes 3 00
cond do do 2 00
^st assortment Matches 2 00
ond do 1 00
fstBoy'sSuit 2 00
«oud do 1 00
St Gent's Suit 2 00
cond do 1 00
^st suit of Dress Clothes made in the Province 5 00
do Business Clothes 5 00
\A assortment of Boots and Shoes made in Provin-
cial Factory 7 00
5i pair of Boots, calf, sewed . . •. 3 00
do do kip, pegged 8 00
|stpair of Shoes, Gents' 3 00
do do Ladies' 3 00
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Johnson Street, between Broad and Douglas.
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PROVINCE, VICTORIA, B. C.
68
DIVISION K— Continued.
Best Harness Leather, not less tlmn two hides S o 00
Best Russet do do do o 00
Best Sole do do do •) 00
Best assortment of Leather ") 00
Best assortment of Harness and Saddlery made in the
Province 7 oO
Gloves.. .') 00
do Sec ontl ."{ OO
Best assortment of Tweeds 7 iO I
Best do Flannels 7 oO
Best Sewinj^ Machine, other than Prov'cil manufacture .> 00
Second do do do <lo ."{ (
SPECIAL PRIZES.
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E. CJ. Prior & Co., for hest display of grain grown in
the Province and c.xhihited Ity the producer,
Acme Harrow, value , S4.) OOj
NichoUes & Renouf, for best exhibit of Live Stock,
owned and exhibited by one man, Sulky Plough,
value <S0 iXil
John Bovd, for best Cheese, not less than 2') ll)s 10 O'J
Turner, lieeton & Co., best Pedigree Cow 20 OiJ
J. C. J)evlin, best Ttib of oO lbs. Packed Butti'r 10 00|
Fell & Co., best 10 lbs. Fresh Butter 10
D. VV. lliggins, Finest Child over six months and under ^ iJ
12 months 10
Society, Second best 'i !'*'■ I'i
.lo"' Third best 2 .iO
Geo. A. Perrin, for be.st collection Pigeons .') iHlH it
Thos. Earle, l)est assortment of Wagons, Buggies, Ac,
made in the Province 10 OH Jh
R. P. Rithet, l>est J)raught Stallion 20
Brackman & Ker, best assortment of Oats and Wheat, ^ '"
not less than a bushel each 10 '."I
Messrs. Angus & (iordon, be.st collection of Flowers in H -0|
Pots, amateurs 7 Oi
Second Best :{ * 21|
David Spencer, best ram 10 '"I
IL Saunders, best tub salt butter 7 wfc 22|
do second do o ''"
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Children's Suits.
JOHN MANSON'S FINE SHOT GUNS.
69
DIVISION L.
s
00
5 00
5 00
5 OO
CLASS
le in till'
7 oO
.) 00
I
:H0
•)
7:.0
:{
7 50
i
.-) 00
lo
:{ 1)0
1
grown in
i^rodncev,
si
>>l
A'o Stock,
y riou<i;h,
'4h 00 1
,S0 00 1
10 00 ■
2O0<W
10 00 ■
10 OiW
10
11
12
lbs
l:i
-tor
14
and under
10 ool
.1 00 1
I'liH
10 ool
20 •)<)■
1.)
10
17
uggies, Ac.
18
md Wheat
10 ool
l!l
Flowers ii
1
7 OS
:{ iiol
20
21
10 oil
22
—
■
ildren's Suits. ■
FLORAL.
Best collection of Evergreen Plants, in pots or
boxes $4 00
Second do do do do 2 00
Ornamental Crasses, collection 2 00
Hergonias, collection 2 00
Heliotrope, specimen 2 00
Plants in Hower, best collection grown in pots or
boxes 4 00
Second do do do 2 00
Pelargoniums, best six Zonals, in pots or boxes... . 2 oO
Second do <lo dp .... 1 OO
Pelargoniums best six doubles do .... 2 ■)0
Pelargoniums, best .s])ecimen, single do .... I oO
Pelargoniums, best plants, double do .... 1 •')0
Kucliias, best six do> .... 2 00
Second do 4fl .... 1 50
Kuchias, best specimen dp .... I 00
Second do do .... 50
Balsams, best six varieties, grown in pots 2 00
Kernerv, best 2 00
Second' best I 00
BoutjUet. best for table i 50
Second do I 00
B()(|uet, best for hand 1 50
Seon.l .lo 1 00
Dahlias, best six varieties cut Howers I 00
Second do 4o 50
Be.st Floral design 2 00
Second do 1 00
Medicinal Plants, best named collection 2 50
Second do do 1 00
Collection of Pansies, twelve varieties distinct 2 00
Second do do do 1 00
Roses, best collection cut Howers 2 OO
SecontI tlo db 1 00
Gladiolu>s do do 2 00
Second do do 1 00
i^icotee or Carnation, 1 »eat collection 2 00
Second do do 1 00
Go to B. WILUAMS & CO. for Underwear.
>
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73
o
VICTORIA, IS THE CHEAPEST
70
FLORAL— Cntinuod.
Stocks, best collection cut flowers 81 00
Asters do do 1 00
Zinnia do do 1 00
Lobelias, best pot or box 1 00
Hanging Baskets, with plant or plants "2 Oi)
Annuals, collection cut flowers 2 OO I
Perennials 2
Everlasting Flowers 2
Celoria (Cockseonit) 2 00 1
Verbena 2 00 1
Sweet Pea 2
Drawing, best pencil :^ Ool
do second 2 OO
do best pen and ink .S 00
do second 2 00
do best crayon I] Ool
do second 2
do best water color .'H0|
ilf second 2
do best of any other kind 3
do second 2
do the production of children under 12
years, 1st prize, 83; 2d, 82 ; 3d, SI.
Penmanship, best ornamental, by boys and girls
under 15 3 Oi)|
Second do do do do 2
Best Specimen Penmanship 8
Second 2 (Xij
Best assortment of Printing, plain and ornamental ') (Xi|
Best Book Binding .') 00
Native Algae (Sea Weed) best collection, mounted
and named, if possible Sj 00
Second do do do 2 '0
Shells, Marine, best collection 3 00
do do second I M
Insects, best collection, Native 3
do second do . 1 ^^1
Minerals and Fossils, best collection, Native •') ^^
Birds, best collection of stuffed, Native 3 0(1
Best collection of Photographs 5 Oil
Second do do 2 i|
Marine Acjuarium, best 3 W j
Second do 1 ''^
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CLASS.
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
60
A Dollars worth for $1 at B. WILLIAMS & CO.,
EST
BASE BALL GOODS.
CU38.
SI 00 ■ 51
1 00 ■ 52
1 00 ■ 53
1 00 ■ :,4
•2 0ijB5o
2 00
2 OO
2 00
2 0i)
2 00
2 00 ■fu.ss.
8ooB I
2 00
!......... 2
3 0«B 3
2 00
.......... 2
3 00" ■'
2 00
I under 12
m ; 3d, SI. ■ 7
s and twirls
...... 300" -S
do 2 00
3 OOP i^
2 oo!
ornamental •') OOH '0
oOoBii
on, mounted 1^
do' ■ i ■''
.. 30
... 1 'A
.... :i
. 1 _
Native "
ve '^
5 w^ 9
... 2 ■'•(
"'.'.V.'."^i :5""
1 .lO
71
FLORAL— Continued.
Best Canary, green SI 00
Be.st Canary, yellow I 00
Canary, best pair, cock and hen 2 00
Best otlier song 2 00
Best Parrot 2 00
DIVISION M.
("LASS IV. — FANCY WORK.
Best Bead Work. [ $2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Bead Basket 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Book Mark 1 00
Second do 50
Best Hair Wreath 2 00
Second do 1 00
Designs in Hair Work, best 2 50
Be.st Hanging Shelves 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Moss Wreath 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Seed Wreath 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Shell Basket 2 00
Second do 1 00
Mess Pictures, best 2 50
Flowers, Feathers 2 50
Flowers, wax 2 50
Fruit, wax collection 2 50
DIVISION N.
OROOHET.
Best assortment Crochet (Cotton) ^1 00
Second do do 50
Best Crochet Tidy do 1 00
Second do do 50
Best Crochet Bed-quilt 2 00
Second do 1 00
t^
I— I
O
o
c
CO
w
O
X
c
r
c
<
K
X
o
1AM S & CO.
Johnson Street, between Broad and Douglas.
w
ill
,!
^ill
m
i
m
L
nl
Headquarters for real gootl value in Boots and SIioch
I
c
CLASS.
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
cS
Cff
(V
O
C
ei
n
O
o
pq
tj
a
as
03
u
a
O
72
CROCHET— Continued.
Be.st CrochefTidy (Worsted) 81
Second
do
do
Best assortment Crochet do
Second do do
Best Crochet Skirt do
Second do do
Child's Bujrcry Rug do
Second do do
Mats Crochet (Wool).
Second <lo do
Woollen Comforter do
Second do do
Best Gloves, Crochet <lo
Second do do
•M
1
M
I')
m
'4
m
m
m
DIVISION O.
TATTINO.
1
2
Best assortment Tatting .
Second do
Best Tatted Collar
Second do
.1*1 m
. m
. 1
DIVISION P.
EMBROIDERY.
1 Best Skirt, Flannel (emhroidered) ?l J*
2
3
Second do do
Best Child'.s Dress do
Second do do
Table Cover do
Second do do
'1 '.f
DIVISION Q.
1
2
3
CUSHIONS.
Be.st Embroidered Cushion ^'
Second do do
Araseine Chenille and Ribbon '
Second do do
Wool'Raised and Plain work '
Second do do
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for ChiUlrun's Suits
GUNS, RIFLES, AMMUNITION.
73
DIVISION R.
HAND SEWING.
Best Button Holes, six ^1
Second do
Best Cjilieo Dross 2
Secon*! do 1
Best Faney Apron 1
SiToiid do
Best Shirt, Cotton or Lim-n 1
Second do
Best set Undcix'lothinjf, tritnnu-d li
Second do do 2
Best set ^nderclotllinL,^ plain '2
Second do tlo 1
Best stockinjifs, darned 1
SeCDnd do
I.mly's Mornin;,' Wra]>))t'r 1
Si'Cidid do
(it'iit's Dn-ssinL; down 2
Secoiul do 1
Lady's Nii>lit-dress 1
Second do
Corsets do L'
Seeond do 1
Best Pillow Slips I
Second <lt) ....
liestChiM's Dress I
Seeond do
DIVISION S.
00
oO
00
00
00
X
.50
3
oO
'^
7.')
o
00
H
00
,-^
00
?r
00
f
00
.^
.-)0
.50
^
l-H
m ■■
w
<•)
rr:
00
y-
00
00
w
.50
o
00
T.
r^i
00
H
00
.50
t:
00
-y.
H)
BED QUILTS.
Best White S.S 00
Second 2 00
Best Silk Patch-work H 00
Second do 2 00
Best I'atch-work guilt 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best guilt, Worsted work l\ 00
Second do 2 00
Oo to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Men's Suits.
PT
I
I
i
VICTORIA, IS THE CHEAPEST
74
DIVISION T.
CLASS
1
O
u
P3
O
M
H
cc
4
O
P^.
»
t-H
•)
K
()
Eh
S
o
»
tJ
&
tf
1
^
2
u
o
^
*)
o
o
4
u
«
ar
H
o
(<
(1
W
n
:g
f*i
94
§
1
2
:j
4
KNITTING.
Best Stockings, Wool S
Socond "lo
Best Knitted Cotton
Second do
Best Fancy Knittinj;, Cotton
Second do do
Best collection Knittinj^
Second do
Gent's Socks, ( 'ottoii or Woollen
Best ( Moves
Secontl do
DIVISION U.
WOOL WORK.
Best Footstool si
Second do
Best PifUJo Stool 1
Secotid do
Best Ottoman ( 'over I
Second <lo
Best Sli|>pei's 1
Second do
Best \V(»rsted Animals — Raised •!
Second do do ■"
Best Raised Worsu'd Flowers
Second do do
DIVISION V.
BASKETS.
Best \Vorkl)Usket. . , ?1|
Second do
Best Bread Basket
Second do
Best Slieid do
Second do
Best Bead-work Basket
Second do
Go to B. WILLIAMS & CO. for Boys' Suits,
JOHN MAN SON'S FINE SHOT GUNS.
.j»l
75
DIVISION W.
WREATHS.
[ Best collection Hair work li^2 00
Second do 1 00
Best do Moss work 2 00
Second do do 1 00
Best do Seed work 2 00
Second do do 1 00
Best specimen Pennmnship. . . 1 00
Second do oO
BOYS' AND MENS' CLOTHING.
Best Boy's Suit S2 00
Second do 1 00
Best (ient's Suit 2 00
Second do 1 00
H
O
.^V
DIVISION X.
.i?il
MILLINERY.
Best Velvet Bonnet SI 00
Second do .50
Best Silk Bonnet 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Fancy Bonnet 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Trinnned Bonnet 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Lady's Hat 2 00
Second do 1 00
Best Lady's Straw l{at 2 00
Second do I 00
Best Child's Hat 1 00
^second do i)0
Best Infant's Cap 1 00
Vcond do '>0
Best Head Dress I 00
Si'eon<l do 50
P piizo to lie awarded on any article which lias been
l»itwl any previous year.
O
o
>
H
l-H
c
c
O
>
Hoys' Suits, PlMlars worth for %\ at H. WILLIAMS & CO.
I
I
II
: i
I i
I
76
JOHN WEILER,
J^anuf actupep -t- of •^Pu^litlII
AND IMPORTER OF-
Crockery, Glassware, Carpets, Linoleum, Wall Paper, Cutle{
and House Furnishing Goods of every Description,
-1 :+'
With my lart^o nml increased facilities, and the lalcsi improved Machiif^.^— ,
now Mamifaclmin;; nil kinds of I'lirniturL- fiom Native Woods, eqiiili^B '"'
Style and Finish to any imijorltd, at prices ojuai'v ;u low.
AciKNT I'on Hissd's (iold M.'ilnl ('iir|iot Sweepers. Wliilney-^ ( 'drhnii'y
CarriaKes, ItoMiinion Wire .MalWfSHCM, I li(! Ih-kI CoIiI Hlasi Oilnrlcss KcaiilJ
(le8truelil)le Austrian Hent Wood ('liuirH, iiupravud Klwirie Ijiinps. Kii.'Jj
Send for Catalofirue and Prices. Samples of Wall Pap^'j
pets, &c., and any information cheerfully given on appi'Cif
orricE & mmm, si a i ss i>f. ^..'t<t, umi :>
iiri
ER,
Wall Paper, Mi{
y Description.
m
77
ipORTERS OF STAPLE AND FANCY DRY GOODS
MILLINERY, ETC., ETC.
HEARS an° PAGE.
KiOOv>o<K;=<:>i:::K::H3s;:::CH!;KX^^^^^
Sole Agents for B. C. for "SOUDAN " Kid Gloves.
ICTORIA HOUSE, - VICTORIA, B. C.
'mctiGal Hsittep
loors South of Poi:t Office, Victoria, B. C.
CHAPELIER.
HUTMACHER.
M imi>rove(l Mach.ntf!.!
, Native Wumls, equlf
ci-s o.iua'.'y a» tow.
EAP VARIETY STORE
Douglas Street, Opposite Iron Church,
. VV1.it ni-yVO'!'|!"';J
pies of Wall PaP'-']
lly given on appi'^^f
iiiiil Buys' Clotliiiig, ^; Staple Dry fiooils,
«ls anil Sliocs, 5^ Class anil Crodiery, Etc.
iussELL, Mcdonald & co.
78
s
A. A. AARONSO*
AND PAWNBROKE
1^* ESUBPl
' ?
ALL: KINDS: OF: GOON
BOUOHT and HOLD.
! 1
Ji
Honey Lent on all Kinds of Ci
Wholesale dealei^ in ihdiapI Cui(io^.
JOHNSON STREET, near B
If \oii WaQt Wieap iioods or Money Uom«j ami S«t! Jit'.
79
jCQwacifie Candy paotopy
GOVERNMENT STREET, 2 DOORS SOUTH Of P. 0.
&R
ESH, PLAIN I FANCY CANDIES
I IK I III ^'^^^^^ McHUGH, VICTORIA, B C.
^e Candy a Specialty. Country Orders
Receive Prompt Attention.
■\mUEli CbAY
:GO0W
^OLD.
General Feed Store.
fES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS.
DEALER IN FARM PRODUCE.
foriifr Johnson and Doiipflas Streets, Victoria, B. C.
(Is Ot Gil ELGIN STORE, MUD BAY.
near Bi
ijoine and ^^^ ^'-
oceries, Dry Goods
WINES AND LIQUORS.
m Produce Bought <L Sold
'I
p
!il^
1
If ■ =
i ^^'
1 1
80
HARRISON & McALISTER,
Importers and Dealers in
Groceries, Wines, Liquors,(!f ,
Corner Jolsson »1 SoTsrunent Streets,
SCOTCH HOUSI
ChOSlHG OUT SALE.
A. McLEAN is retiring tVom business, and offers
large and well selected stock of Clothing, Etc.J
at 20 ^ off regular prices for Cash.
A. McLKA>r.
TOBACCONIS
-»— ^^^ESTABLISHED IN 1861 .i==i^—*-
lAli ^
Satii
iK-A-'i^Tiii: o.i^:i^:F'BEL
importer and Dealer In
Havana and Domestic Cigars,
Virginia and Dominion Tobaccoo,
Meerschaum and Amber Goods,!
B<
Ca
iGod
VICTORIA. B. C. BOX 108.
81
DEALER IN ANO IMPORTER OF
Guns, Pistols, Cutlery,
Fishing Tackle and
Optical Ooods, and a
General Assortment of
Sportsman's Supplies.
Hc-HtfickiuK, Fiiu! Hari-cl UrowninK,
("yliiidfr inid Choko Horin^ for Fino
.SliootiiiKi '>»<! Uciioriil Ut>|)(iirinK-
THOMAS THOMPSON,
Practical Gun Maker
46 Johnson Street, VICTORIA.
I All Work Warranted and 'I
Satisfaction Guaranteed.
L. WILLIE,
lBaket^,Gr^OGCPandConfeetione/T
-AND DKALKU IN-
[Cakes, Pies, Fruits, Cigars & Cigarettes
JOHNSON STREET. VICTORIA, B. C.
IGUODB DEr.IVE:RKZ3 FRXSE: of* GjaLAJE^OrTS..
Tobaccos,
d Amber GcodM
^.^tj:E''ErT.j^2
»ry Goods Store, Etc.
JOHNSON STREET.
^1
m
m '
m 1
ifl' , > i
M
ifc'
■I
82
British Columbia Iron Works!
JOHISr ROBERTSOIS,
Blacksmith & Boiler Makerk' ■
STOHE mmi 0|i|)08i(c Telfgrapli Hotel, VllTOHIA. B. ('.
STEAMBOAT & SHIPS' WORKI
Agriiulturnl Iini)lcnicnl.s, Miners' Picks, itc, Made ami ki|iairefl,
eiiYDE SHIP YBH
err
m^
m\
•i X
m\ HAY, VICTORIA, II. C.
■ , SkiiiiilioiitsJiidiisiS inti
(if nil Ml liiiill .
R. W. COLVIN.
I Kin
JOSHUA HOLLAND,
Contractor and Buildelai
JOHaSr STK.EiET,
Rock Bay,
VICTORIA, B. C
W
Estimates Given tor Work in any Part of the Provim'ej
Orders Promptly Executed, P. O. Box 494.
HMH
83
1 Works'
' Makerl
oiiiA, li. e.
r WORKi
c aiul Kcjiaircfi.
;t()R1.\. 11, i'.
"",U\^"''
-*
hotogpaphers.
LATE OF THE LONDON STEREOSCOPIC CO., ENG.
iiilni\N III' allcnlioii of viHitors In Nictorlii, l<> I lie suiktIoi- i|iialit.v <il' Uii'ii'
I'ortniitM. the bi'Ht in llm I'roviiu'i^ I'tir Inuiiil.v uf lliiiHli anil artiHiif merit,
KI.K.MIN<J IJIIOS. al8(»invitriar(!fn! inHpcrlion iif llieircxiinisili!
permanent Enlarged Portraits in Water
Color and Monschrome.
rORY MINIATURES & PORTRAITS ON PORCELAIN
S'J NOTE THE ADDRE5iS fM
M, (;ovcni!iie.iit SImi • p. «.«».:««. - VJCTOHl.Ui. (l
))
)QLViN.
AND,
|Kind8 of steam or Sailing Craft Built or Repaired.
A Filst-Ciass Set of Ways in the Yard.
Ilffis VICTORIA. !'. 0. lio,\ 102. Tdeplioiic Call 102.
H. E. CROASDAILE,
Buiklefe! Estate ^Ingur'ance Agent
RIA, B. c
t of the Proviiit^l
. O. Box 494.
|rt Door to the Bank of British Columbia
GOVERNMENT ST., VICTORIA,
84
W. McKBON.
W. J. McKEOX
Oriental Hotel,
AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN PLAN.
Is tlie Most Desirable First-Cla^s Hotel in tie CiliJ
f\
THE DINING ROOM IS SURPASSED BY NONE
PRIVATE DINING ROOM FOR FAMILIES OR PARTIES.!
WM. McKEON & SON,
Pkopriktors.
YATES STREET,
Victoria, B. C|
125
O
o
>
O
Eh H
^ O
AEONUMEMTS
1
j:^P
^4
0'
ft (
>!
P
09
Hi
1
lOOl
J; P-
hi
¥H'
85
W. J. McKEON
)tel,
G. B. PARRY,
kN.
Waischmal^er
din
i/enty Years Experience in London, Engr.,
and Twenty Years in Canada.
LIES OR PARTIES llinson StfeBt, opp. Grand Pacific Hotel
ES STREET,
Victoria, B. C,|
rs
. fDallandaine,
pr^GHITBCfP,
% j&> aB"''^ "*' Bai^l* o* B.C. Building
■•••51 '^
T i-
VICTORIA, B. C.
HOMAS EARLJl
IMPORTER,
SQIbBSAlwE
CER
And Manufacturer of Coffee and Spices,
[harf Street,
VICTORIA..
Ili'rALERT BAY CANNING COMPANY, Alei-t Buy.
Direct Iiii|iortei' of TEAS, SLIIAB, BICE, COFFEE, SI'ICES, 4c.
80
.4
11 i '
I'll
"To Build Up a N(itioii--Siipi)()rt its kliliiliiin^
CITIZElSrS'
Insurance Co. of Canadal
FIRE, LIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE.
AHHl'VPH »!s«t,r>00,000. tMiAIMH I • A I !> #a,()(H>,00<)J
This Coinpniiy iius iifver \kvi\ known to roxist or delay iiaynRrit i)f a mh.I
fartiirily adjusted claim since its formation in 1864. Wenllny and |>r<>spcr<ju>,|
it owes its hi(;h Ktiindin^ to its ^rnntin^ more ndvanlr.^es t<i ilu- libiirol thiJ
ihey ciin ^;i t in nny other '"ompany.
It is tin- I'ionei r Aiiideni Insurance Company, and its Accideiit I'olicu
are siill tlie iiicisi lilxral issued.
It n;ives the clieape.st lift- insurance of any sound Company, while it^ t'niipdii
Investment Hund yields in pi-i cent, simple interest per annum to the liulilitanJ
is a neyotialile security.
If you want Kire, Life or Accident Insurance come to the Companv^ dtiiwJ
on the SKCONI) KLOOK of the HANK EXCIIAN't iK liriLI)IN(.. .iiimiicJ
on Lanjjley Street, neir \ales Street, \I('T()KIA, II. C, and it ymir ri>k ;
jjuod one we will take it.
E. A. HART, Chief Agent in British Columbia.
CO
cr^
-O-TJ
-XXT
Dry Goods and Gents' Furnishing Good
'i,v t ,
• I I • '< I
irxEISIERMAN.
87
KSTARIJSIIKI) SINTI': |Sr,2.
C W. HAYNES.
i 3
anadal
NCE.
I I) j8«:v<)<><>.0(xi,|
ay imynient of a miivI
llliy ami iirnspcruu-J
t% l<» ihc IiiMirctlihjii[
hs Acciilenl Policiti
)any, wliilf it- I'mip".!!
nuiu «•• ll"-' huMir anl
the Coniiwny'» l^ffictj
lUII.niNi.', en
, nn<l if your f'"'' '"
Columbia.
L F. HEISTERMAN &, CO.
BURNES' BLOCK,
^.New Court House, Bastion C quote, 7IC70BIA, B.C.
Real Estate
AND —
cr^
NSURANCE AGENTS
Particular attention i aid to Purchase and Sale of Lots
jl'iwn and Country.
|Farm^ for Sale in moat of tho Diatricfs of the luland
1 Mainland.
I Moneys to Lend on First Mortgraffe at Low Rates.
Houses to Lot and Rents CoUeoied.
Agents for the following First Class Companies:
l;.lli; I'llKMX FIRE INSUKAMK COMI'ANV, oi IJkooki.yn,
iiilal /VssrlN nViT $5,(KK),000.
|:iiK \Vi;sri:UN ASSUKANCK CO.MPAXV. m Toromo. Total
vtr $2,000,000.
IbmeNS Hliicks, Dwilling llmisfs, j-'arm lUiililim;s and Mcrcliandise
►iM ciirruiil rates (in VanciiuviT Island.
|lll-; !"IKI;M1:N'S I TM) (MAKIM;) ins. CD.T oi .San Fkanhsco,
f(;f^l Life Insnranco <'oni|)ntiy in tlir World.
pli: MTTIAL I-IIK IN.SURANCK COMPANY, o|. Nkw York.
P'lMT $Il8,lXX),00»).
MNOW IS THE TIME TO INSURE YOUR LIFE.Wt
ll^roRMATioN aupplifd on Hppllontion to
. . QQQdl H. F. HEISTERMAN & CO., Bastion Square,
01 III ^ Moraw.r 4. "^lOTORI^,
B. O.
IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)
1.0
I.I
m
2.0
1.8
Photographic
Sciences
Corporation
y
A
'■^'' ^ //y,. '^^
/
C/j
fA
1.25 1.4
1.6
-* 6" —
►
s.
L1?
V
s
\
V
\
iV
»
«^-
6^
^>
n>^
R?
23 WEST MAIN STREET
WEBSTER, NY. 14580
(716) 872-4503
1
i
^ £^.
w.
^
Is
!
;1
6^
88
CANADIAN PACIFIC
Navigation Com panL
^UIlVriTEID.
The
BURRARD INLET ROUTE.
VICTORIA TO VANCOUVER AND MOODY VILLE-
Daily, except Monday, at 2 o'clnck.
VANCOUVER TO VI crroRi A—
Daily, except Monday, at J3:30 o'clock, or on arrival of|
C. P. R. train.
NEW WESTMINSTER ROUTE.
LEAVE VICTORIA FOR NEW WESTMINSTER, LADX|
LANDINO AND LULU ISLAND—
Tuesday at 9 o'clock ; Thursday and Sunday at 7 o'clock.
PLUMPER PASS—
Sunday at 7 o'clock.
LEAVE NEW WESTMINSTER FOR VICTORL\—
Monday at 13 o'clock ; Wednesday and Friday at 7 o'cliickl
FOR PLUMPER PASS—
Monday, afc 13 o'clock.
BOC
H
1, 9a
[•ountry
^oots I
FRASER RIVER ROUTE.
SUsupors leave for NEW WESTMINSTER and CHILLIWI
every Monday, Wednesday and Saturday, .it 7 a. in.
The Company reserves the right of chanpflng this |
Table at any time without notification.
G. A. CARLETON,
General Agent.
JOHN IRVIN
m
ma
PRICES THE LOWEST
IFIG
Tipan]
— T£3:B
B. o.
iBoot and Shoe Store
I The Leading House for First Class
Goods in Latest Styles.
OUTE.
fVlLLE-
imAiieitm,riisEB&CAiiADiAi(
-b .E ACEMT FOR-
ivi\l oil
&
ock, or on arriv
J ROUTE.
illNSTER, LADN^
iuday lit 7 o'clock,
11} s
BOOTS and SHOES,
|Unequallcd on the American
Continent.
H. MANSELL,
ii. Do Government Street, VICTORIA
ountry Orders promptly executed
at Lowest Rates.
roRiA—
a Friday at 7 o'clnck.Moots & Shoes Made to Order
in every Style.
mill C^'^fullj attended To.
{OUTE.
KR and CHILLIWI
a. ni.
of changing
this
Mi
JOHN IRVIjl
-A DOllARS WORTH FOR A DOLLAR,
m
m
CO
H
i
THE PROVINCE.
Ife^-
If
E. G. PRIOR & GO,
-IMPORTERS OF-
Hardware, Iron, Stee
AHD AGBICtJWtJEAL MACHIHERT.
B. Ti wmtams.
Sole Agent
A
D. M. OSBO
r the followiii
hinery :
inding Harvestea
t^'iffnS^i^^ ^JV^ B^ar Cut Mowers.
JOHN DBERE'S MpmOu^f SSwIT*
ipin auiicf^
MOLINB PLOW GO'S Molina Su!
S: L. ALLEN & GO'S Planet
CANA
FROST & WOOD'S Buckeye
"Daisy"
" Steel and^
WATSON M'P'G GO'S Deerini
Watsoi
:dSi* ImpfeinBi
imp
NOXON BROS. M'P'G GO'S " Hooei^efiWfifalQrijR, C.
GHATHAM M'P'G GO'S Patent Truss Rod Axle Wagons, i
patent tongue support.
J. RUSSELL & GO'S Hay Loaders.
" " Grain Grushers.with French burr stoij
and steel grinders.
" " Wood Sawing Machinery.
F. W. HORB & SONS' rims, hubs, spokes, felloes, shafts, pol|
ESSEX GENTRE M'P'G GO'S Steel Plows.
McGregor, GOURLAY & GO'S Wood Working Machinej
of all kinds.
W. & J. GREEY'S Flour Mill Machinery.
A Large Stock of BUILDER'S HARDWARE together with Axes, Shovj
Nails, Picks, Chain, Saws, Buckets, Sheet Iron, Rope, Pipes, Etc,
always on hand. SEND FOR PRICES,
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