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Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul clichA, il est filmA A partir de I'angle supArieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'Imeges nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 6 MIOiOCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) ■ js i^ tiS. 1^ ■ 3.2 la 1^ ut ■ 4.0 2.5 2.0 .8 ^PPLIEZl ItVHGE Ir 1653 East Main Slreel Rochester, New York 14609 [J'^a Ol6) *BA - 0300- f-hone (716) 288 - 5989 - Fo» ^pli mei liVh. tft u^Ha *. N • PliiililliiiKilJ ^li-i:-;i(Ii:-,L;,iii-i;ii||ilfil!i;li:j.*|}l,!iill!liJp»il/l',i,J^, „ :^ y, ^^n, -J, '»■■ ♦: • '*' ♦', 4. M |;;;:J .0. OUR 1^' DOMINION * aiK'A:.:'%:::::;::ji:;i;;i;i6iii!ii;,,;i;Ki»iii;i!;iii:ii;;:!iii I III MERCANTILE :f MANUFACTURING INTERESTS i HISTORICAL .^^ COMMERCIAL j SKETCHES OF I m m pill' li ST. JOHN * «■■* "i*; ENVIRONS j |:ii:;iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiyil!fifcii,iiiii»i«^ ,♦, ,», ,iiiiiitiiiiiiii;i»iiiiiiiiiiaiii ^iiiiiiiuii' : >. ;»: ■ g '■< i ^:ii IS ■ill PROMINENT PLAGES AND PEOPLE I |i li ii REPRESENTATIVE MERCHANTS p^ MANUFACTLIRFRS I IMPROVEMENTS. PROGRESS i^^^^ ENTFRPRIRF I O ILLUSTRATED >> iillll iiiii lliilli "-lis TORONTO. ONT. THE HISTORICAL PUBLISHING COMPANY OF CANADA iiimiiiiiimii - 18S7 iiinniiiiiwi»ip!i!S!iiiii!>;ffi!iii!ii!»iiiii»iimii ffiiii^iiiiiiiiwniiiiiwiL'ii ?: i PREFACE. ^N Ins.. n.Kl. .-.,.. I a«.., «■ .... eh« .laily n,.ws,,..,.,.,. ,..,, t..lo,,..a,.h l..u...., uti.,ui,...l th. wo..hl. t ... wme.. wl... ..tt....pts to p..„ .. ,i.,„,, ,,. , ..,.'„., ,,^^, , " ' .uty .s ..,.,.!l...l I., tl.o u..de,t..ki..K. H- Hu.l.s that tl... ,.,.... L al •.... K , s h..„,.«ht uu,le,. h.s CO ..U..1. have ..ot only I............ s.-ek.... .ftor i,.fo;.,.ati.m u J.ke ,.,,.. ...... nn...! to th-nk.-.-s - ......H.su..i..K i..t..lli,e,.tly a...l ..u...,f..„v eve -v li ",1 ' |, t tha .s plac.e,l ....to... tl .....,.,,i.., so,.... .ith pleasure a...l .^iect . J ^Zs flth e({ual ^nu-e. ".i'^'''">, ouieis btioii owe atul derive their prosperity. ' ' The st..a,lily i,.c.rea.si,.. popuiati,,;. of the old country, „,.d tl.e Hel.ls of industry an.l IterpnM. wh.ch n. so n.a..y ..ran..hes of trade, owi,.,, to iu.p.-oved lahor-savin. , ... h and the nnportations of other uountrie.s, have l.econ.o so ,...st,.i..t«,l L to look t.> the ..oionies of Oreat Britain for that ::i. v .rz ii:: ;: t^:;!; n.e.l th.,n. a hou.e, or .s so crowd...! an.l cir.,un.seri..e.l as to prevent the de^l nent d exemse of that natue talent or energy, whi.-h. .f properly ise.l, shoul.l in h lu" tnne lead to a con.peteney and independen..... The on.ployn.ent of capital n. an he en.ployn.ent ..t labor, the relief of ,listress..d trades of overpeopled ire I n.dnKluals and then- fan.ilies struggling vainly without hope, a.u o o e -How .^ .nu actures seek.ng a n.arket and a heneficial return-are all connected with h. s f ft of enngrat.on a.ul w.th the effects that grow out of it in a new country I tTs not" .i..ret..re, to be wondered at that the public should not be easily .satisfied ."'the. L"u' es upon a su ,ect wh.ch in tin.es like the pre.sent co„,e hon.e to the busine.ss and Z, I" ^ . large an enterprising class of individuals. As the interest of the I^ec ri alov.. ho.se cla.sses by who.n .t has hitherto been looked upon n.erely as an u i.n " «h..t tron. pre.ss.„g distress, and extends to person, in better c.ircun.stance.s, who g" ^ .....uire into the state, prospects and i.idustri, ■ , these new countries Uii h o^ Ich a held or energy .uid enterpn.se, a sp.,cies of inforn.ation comes to be rll lore particular and authentic than the hasty opinions of publishing tra^eller.sT hef reports of .settlers in the wood.s. H.*eueis oi tlie It i.s to be feared that th,. ...ost ,.,.roneou.s notions are entertained in Europe an.l her parts as to the so. resources and clin.ate of the Mariti.ne Provinces. T.3o "d Shtulinforination in these resp,H.ts, and to show the grand availabilities of tl slol 31. for the establ.shine,it of .«an-,facturing industrie.s, as well as to bring be 1 t I orld the many very su,>enor establishments already in existence, is the object of' t AU |tlnv I'roin 53SM\ JC ur, Mta Indi DUfacture JOI- lanufncturi ■»4>ll 1 103 HAYI c] ^tar A ^presented W. 0"U■I^ 3Dr"^£IiTI03^ CU»>JRD z%.a.ck:. J. ROWLEY E. S. STEPHENSON i liigineer and Machinist Hoii^e ^hoeit & dapriage Blacksmitfi AU klndi of MRcblne ReDalrln« V "J \ 1 Machine Repairing JtlMK I'roiijptly AitBiiilud to. Svitlii K«|i»lrtiit( » HpacUltj i •'"•■••'"«••■ «»<« »lrluli» Mm«I<> hihI Kf|iHlr«-r:i,R ^ co/, Celebrttwl l)r»nil (,( Ct'dar HIilnKlu. 92 BRUSSELS STREET, ST. JOHN. N.B. J. M. HUMPHREY WH9Lla*LI OfALln IN BOOTS. SHOES, RUBBERS 68 Kino Street, St. John, N.B JOHN R. CALHOUN JOHN MEALEY OHioAQo MILLS |ron Founder and Machinist anufacturer of Corn Meal and all Kinds of Feed • i ".NurA,,,u».« ,, i»r..i..r I.. ii„.v. «„„. K,,.., »:„.. STOVES, PLOUGHS AND RAILWAY CASTINGS 102 HAYMARKET SQUARE, ST. JOHN, N.B .Mill and ilcmriil .Maihiiifrv FAIRVILLE. - - - St. JOHN, N.B. Gstablisbed 1874 .■*.>. ^.'^.v■^.^, x-v v\ X >. ■*. -v \.'VN >.% ^ ■%. XX \ N -v V ^.^■^^,■v^.^ % \ N^x^xx^xxNx^x^^^^■.^>.^^^xx^■^^^^^^^^.^^xx^^.^v^^^^-■Lxx^^x^.x%^^.x1^ (tandard §ubsepif)tion ^^ooi^s ■^^'V\ X X -V-V % T.X % X X "VX • X-V-VXX -V-V X \ -v X X 1. xv-y ^ ^ .y AN-NN^NNXXXXXXXXXXXXXX' '^'^'^■^'^■^'^■^'^'^'v\'vxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx \xxxxx%\ Knd 'Peerless' parallel Gdition family gible ^>■^'^^^^■^^^^■^^^^v^■^ ^xxxxxxxxxxxxxx 'V>-"V>-^X>**.XXXXXXXXXXX>.XXXXXXXXX' bpresented by Head Office and Warerooms: W. E, EARLE, ST. JOHN, N.B. MAIL BUILDING, TORONTO, INDEX. ST. JOHN. Aiton, H. B., Proviaions ami Groceries Allen & Ferpuson, BaniatDi-s-at-Law, etc Allinghatn. John, Harness Manufacturer American House, Mrs. D. Collins, Proprietress American Steam Laundry, Godsoe Bros Armstrong, Aaron, Commission Merchant. . . . Armstrong Bros. , Vulcan Foundry Barker, A. A., Groceries and Provisions Barker & Belyea, Barristers, etc Barker & Co,, Chemists and Druggists, etc. .. Barry & Maclauchlan, Wholesale Hardware. . P^ll Cigar Factory, Bell & Higgins, Props. . . Bell, T. William, Lii^uors and (iroceries Bell, W. H., Sewing Machines Bent, (lilbert & Sons, Flour, Fish, etc Black, William Ship Chandler and Con. mis- sion Merchant Blackadar, Fred. , Crockery, China, etc Blake, O. & E. , Plumbers and Gasfltters Bonnell & Cowan, Wholesale (Jrocers, Fruit, etc Bostwick, C. M. & Co , Lumber Mill Bostwick C. M. &Co., Wholesale Grocers . . Bourke, Robt. C. & Co., Hats, Caps and Fuis. Bourke, Thomas L., Wine and Spirit Merchant Breeze, D., Grocer, Wine and Spirit Merchant Brown & Codner, Plumbers, etc Brown, David, Manuf. Harness and Collars. . Brownley & Co., Mill, Plumbers' and Ship Su{)plie8 Brownley & C^o., Brass Founders Brundage & .Jackson, Sailmakers Butt, John H., Merchant Tailor Cameron, W. L., Boots and Shoes Campbell, A. K., Tailor Campbell & Ellis, Plumbers, etc Campbell & McPartland, Plumbers, etc Carleton, .John L., Barrister, etc Carvitte, de B., Manufacturers' Agent Chisholm, Peter, Groceries . Christie, James J. & Co., Leather and Shoe Findings City Tannery, Clias. H. Peters Clifton House, A. N. Peters, Prop Climo, J. S. , Photographer Oonlon, John E., Merchant Tailor Continental Hotel, G. Rix Price Coughlan, P., Boots and Shoes Cowan, Jas. E., Attorney-at-Law, etc Craig, Hobt. S,, House, Sign and Decorative Painter Crawford, W., Pianos and Organs Crockett, Thos. A., Apothecary Danaher, M. H., Plumber and Gasiitter . . . . Daniel & Boyd, Dry Goods, etc Dean Bros., Commission Merchants, etc Dearborn & Co., Grocers, etc Dick, Hazen J., Chemist and Druggist ^.. _...._ ,..r>„ J. ,^„ Dunbrack, Henrv. Plumber and Gagfitter. . . . 71 Dunlop, Wm., Groceries, Flour, Meal, etc .. . 97 Elkin & Hattield, Outfitters 59 F]rb. Isaac, Photographer ....... 61 Everett, Edward A., Wall Paper, Paints, etc. 87 Fitzgerald, J. E., Manuf. Patent Hot Water 80 Radiators 81 Foster, S. R. & Son, Cut Nails, etc 70 Fowler, W. H., Corn, Oats, Bran, etc 98 Francis & Vaughan, Wholesale Boots & Shoes 44 Fraser, W. J., Clothier, etc 54 Gilbert, Harold, Carpets, etc 48 Gilmour, A., Tailor and Draper 51 Gilmour, R. B. & Co., Oils, Lamps, Fixtures. 46 Goodwin, A. L., Commission Merchant, etc. . 85 (iormau, Tliomas, ^Vholesale Grocer, etc (ireeu, R. H., Engraver 90 Hamilton & Co , Merchant Tailors 54 Hamm's Livery Stable, J. B. Hamm, Prop. . . 49 Hatfield, D. J.. Tailor and Clothier 56 Hay, A. & J., Watches, Jewelry, etc 79 Haywood, W. H., China, Glass, etc 79 Henderson, Lorigan & Bums, Manufacturers 61 of Slate Mantles, Grates, etc 91 Hevenor, G,, Coppersmith, etc 93 Higgins, W. J. & Co., Custom Tailors 43 Holmaii & Butcher, Wall Paper, Glass, etc. . . 59 Hunter, A. , Electrician and Bell-hanger Hunter, James, Electrician, etc 76 Jewelers' Hall, T. L. Coughlan 75 Jones, Simeon, Brewer 65 Kennay, E. E., Pianos and Organs 51 Kennedy, James, Wholesale Grocer, etc 45 Kennedy, W. , G rocer, etc 68 Keoban, T. H., Dealer in Clocks, Portraits, etc 64 Kimble, John & Sons, Wool Pullers and Tan- 51 ners 98 Knowles, E. T. C, Solicitor of Patents 77 Knowles, S M. , Trunks, Valises, etc 74 Knowles, W. H., Trunk Manufacturer Knox & Thompson, Cabinet Makers 47 Laskey, Robt. & Sons, Block and Pump Makers 93 Law, A. L. , Dyeing, Scourine and Cleaning . . 62 Ledingham, Robt. , Dry Goods 65 Lee, G. Herbert, A.M., B.C.L., Barrister-at- 56 Law, etc 78 Lordley, A. J. & Co. , Furniture, etc 57 MacNutt, P. S. & Co., Agricultural Imple'ts. 94 McArthur, D., Books, Stationery, etc McArthur. R D. , Druggist 89 McBride, S., Flour, Meal, Groceries, etc 43 McConuell, Mrs. James, Boots and Shoes . , . . 84 McCullougii, Jas. & Co., Ready-made Clothing 91 McDiarmid, S., Druggist 42 McGoldrick, John, Iron and Metals 72 McGourty & Donohiie, Cornice Makers, etc . . 48 Mc(Jrath Bros., Groceries and Provisions ... 74 Mclnnis, .las. A , Merchant Tailor 89 McLeod, E. & R., Barristers, etc . h: 4; ^ 41 ■: 41 (it; 5; I !«! iV : s:' 81^ e« INDEX. 86 IcLeocl, W J . , Hoots, .Shoes, etc ^o JcNiehol James & Son, Merchant Tailors .'.. S8 lo\ ey, VV. a. Dispensing (Jhemist 4)) riour, Meal, etc . . . rs Paper, Paints, etc. Patent Hot Water [ails, etc i. Bran, etc isale Bootf) & Shoes c tc •aper , Lamps, Fixtures . on Merchant, etc . . lie Grocer, etc Tailors B. Hanini, Prop, . . Clothier welry, etc ilass, etc lis, Manufacturers is, etc etc torn Tailors 'aper, Glass, etc. . . i Bell-hanger , etc dlan Organs e Grocer, etc Dcks, Portraits, etc 1 Pullers and Tan- r of Patents alises, etc anufacturer !t Makers and Pump Makers ing and Cleaning . . ods C.L., Barrister-at- iture, etc {cultural Imple'ts. ionery, etc ft h: 4: 41 * I !);. ti: anks & Co., Hats, Furs, etc, aritime Saw and Lead Works, .James ' Kobertson, Proprietor 44 aiitime Steam Lithograpliic Co.," L."d Clarke, Manager ' "2 ax well, Henry & Son, LH.i,l)er Dealers <)S lies, John C, Artist, etc " ' Jjk iller, Robert, Groceries an illigan, Robt., Marble Worns core, E. R. & Co., Manuf. of Nails,' etc.." ' oore, Herbert W., Banister-atLaw. ulhn, Daniel, Barrister and Attorney, etc' ' umoe, John J. & Son, Trunks, Valises, etc iirphy, Wm. & Co., Pianos, Organs etc yers, A., Groceries, Hay, Flour, etc yers W. F. & J. W., Machinists. ew Dominion Paper Bag Co., Brown & Leetch, Prop.s Biien, Robert, Block, Wlieel Maker 6S Pump S jammell, Chas. E. & Co. , Uoal, etc 80 .Schmidt, Carl C, Goldsmith and Jeweler. . . 4.5 ■Scott, Lawtoii & Love, Doors, Saslies, etc 78 .Scovil, K. (;., Teas and Coffees 93 Sharpe, L. L., Watches and Jewelry . 52 Sinclair, A. & Co., Oats, Flour, etc. . . 8(5 .Skinner, A. O., Carpets, Oilcloths, etc... Smith. A. Chipman iS: Co., Druggists. Smith, N. Beiiy, Druggist 45 Starr, R. p. * W. F., xMercliants 84 -o g'*"''*'''l"''<^'o-. Befiners of Petroleum, etc. 09 Id Stanton Bros., Marble, Freestone, etc. 81 43 j Steam Hrick and Tile Works. Lee Bros 88 W I .Stockton, A. A., D.C.L., LL.D., Barrister.eto. 95 .»b .Straton, Jame.s, Barrister, etc. . . o« 65 St. .Fohn Bolt and Xnt Co '. 60 St. Jolm Dye Works C. K. Braokett. Prop. . ' ', •'^t..Jolin Spring, A.xle and Kdge Tool Works 64 , Sulhvan, Rich & Co , Wine and Spirit Mer- chants 54 i Taylor iV Dockrill, (Jrocers, etc. ...... ...... 40 Taylor, Jolm ,M , Broker niim.s, Henry, Shipsinith . . ibms, .lohn, Merchant Tailor Dry Good.s etc.. etc. < i rooeries S(i \\'ilkins, S. W Merchant Willet, John, Barristcr-'at- Law, >,.>,. .. ..„ Wihon, f. B., Merchant Tailor .... " ' to \\ ilson, Walter, Manuf. of Saws. . (;i Wisdom, F. W., Steamboat and Railway Sup plies "^ ^ 86 96 7.S 90 75 72 76 96 61 47 Woodburn, J. R. .t Co, , Confectii.ners '.'.'.'.'.'.'. ((•{' PORTLAND. "' jiroceries, etc tots and Shoes ady-made Clothing 1 Metals nice Makers, etc , . nd Provisions . . . ; Tailor riiaters, etv IS, etc . INDIANTOWN. istin, M. ])., Commission .Merchant, Pro- visions, Groceries, Fruits, etc S own, W. G., Room Paper, Stationery, etc . . i:-. ..c^Unali., Com. .Mcrciiailt, .Spices, etc |e«'dling, h.h., (iroceriesand ProWsions .. 10;{ 99 101 108 107 10.-) 106 Granville. T McCi F., (Jioceries, Provisions, etc McCann John, Groceries, Piovisions, Li.iuors.' iSase e*c Son. P.. (;if>..eii<.^ Fi=i, p..:....._ ' j. Paterson. .Ale.x., Dry <;ooTls, Boots'an.Vshoes; Vanwart, .). R., (Jroceries, ] les, Provisions, etc. 105 107 iOn 107 106 INDEX. FAIRVILLE. Cutherwood, R , Flour, Meal, Hay, Feed, etc 110 Collins, Michael, Brickmakei HO Fairville House, Robert Fair, Grooeriei and Provisions, Hardware, etc 109 Oillingham Bros., Sash, Door and Furniture Factory . . .' 108 Appleby, 15. H., Groceries and Produce. Ill' 111!' : 111 Irvine, George, Groceriei, Provisioni, etc. Masson, James, Carriage Builder, etc. . . . Mealey, John, Iron Founder and Maehinst Ready, James, Flour, Meal, Pork, Tobacco, etc fl- Ready, James, Brewer J"' Stout, Jeremiah, Furniture, etc "' CARLETON. 111 I MuUin, D., Commission Merchant and Pro 112 duce Dealer ■ ■ ,■_■ •;•••. ■■ S^^^l'r^^.^T'^r^:-^ liTISmiti^i^; A. C;.. Commission Merchants ^ •" and Produce Dealers. Ill AMHERST. Amherst Boot and Shoe Manufacturing Co 115 Baxter, Miss, Confectionery and Fruit 114 Layton, J. Frank, Groceries, etc Main, Mrs. C. W. & Co., Millinery, etc. Pridham, D. R., Photographic Artist . .ir ..II .11^ cST'c"'(L'ia?e'Factory : ; ! i ' " : : ! ' ! ! ! .114 Rhodes; Curry & Co:, ^!frs. and Builders 1 Currte! JnoM, Furniture, etc 114 Robb, A. & Sons, Iron and Brass Foundry 1 Holmes, Wm., Carriages, etc 114 I SPRING HILL. Chapman, Mrs. A. N., Restaurant 118 | Hefferman, W. E., Furniture Warehouse 1 YARMOUTH. Allen,_Ed.,Groceries,. ..,...,..., J^O j Porter Louis, GWries^ B Murphy u^ilHenJv,Tr Dry Goods; etc! '.:.:: .'..'.ml Richards, C. C. & Co., Chemists and Druggists. U| (urphy, jr,' Painter^. 119 ' Sherman, Chas., Iron and Steel Worker .... l.| THE MARITIME PROVINCES. I A BRIEF REVIEW. HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE THEIR rnvr^ro. . RESOURCES ..D .DV..T.OES, AD.PTEd' Vr"tHE PErS "^E cTtiC^"'' STRANGERS AND TRAVELLERS. l-ITL.ENS, :he D'S\°s^,rv"erTmt?e1n^^ ^- in a g.at part of x.untry has been literally flooded with all kinds of 1,?L? ^'^''"""^ Provinces. The :anada and the North- West, but the equally rthnnH 1 f"'^ '" '^^""ection with Upper .a .ie resources, known as the Alar t m2"p ^ icts h.s " '„ T'""''', ""' f^^'" '""^^ ''^'■ IS fully understood by the few who have studied ttrf.o '"^'"'"g'y neglected. Yet it possess all the elements necessary to th^rellatbni^^ :limate, an excellent soil for aerirnltnXi ^ *^'^^^f'°" '" the scale of nations— a healthv .cessible by an exterslle^afo ^'S P^/'-J^J-'^^^^^^^^^ of valuable umber ind an unparalleled coast and river fisherj ITrwhVh k' 'T^"f^ mineral resources, — ulated to enable the inhabitants oTthesePmln ? ' '"'"'" developed, are highly cal' -Warehouse l.fountry of equal extent on the AntkaTcoZent '°'''''' ""''^ '^'''' °^ ^"^ °"'^^ , The early history of theseTolonies deHiL f ^^°«'\both known and appreciated, nd France, ii. which^NovSt m C"e? £ ch eTcentr^f "'' ^''"^^" ^^^^^ B^'^-" aiming tne colony by right of discovery and occuLonA°,h°"'K"r"^ ^""'^ ^°""'"^« jeen several times transferred by treaty from n3 nl /^"hough Anoent Acadia bad heatre of desperate struggles t hid nnf bZ ^°^l' 1° ^"°'^^'"' ^"^ had been the ever submitteS to any fo?Sgn' iuttriJy It was"?iortm a/. ''VT' ""''"^'^ I"^'-' brg, the conquest of Quebec, and the exDuIsion nf hi i f^' ^H destruction of Louis- lat the Indians surrendered expulsion of the chief part of the French Acadians ^t::^^e7'^'lS>^:;SSi To^i^oTirTr'^' -^^^ ^^^ -- °f '•^■■s portion 'urces, aroused their enterprise and the cTmn?' !i "''"'' """""''' '""'"^ ^"^ other re- Imiration. Along the whTXtLntic coasXre "vl'nnt 7' h "'^ ^°"' '''''" --'"-' ..K^^sc, valuable in the bounties of „S, t^sr nS^'il^^S^ SSn^-^ dm.tt.ng the correctness of this opimon it sho, d' t ^."^eri^ans of the Republic. e.r early settlers were several year" enuL^di h*!'. "-^^^tered that very many of em on account of their loyalty, abandoned Ihl cu tiltn'fi t '^^J^^o^^'O', and many of )w United States, to cut down the forest a second time in H °^ '^'" ^^^^^^'hers, in the ere an exiled people, who had to enco mter alhSed Scultier.f" ° ^'" ^ ""''"S- ^hey en unmodified by the spreading out of cl LTfT.M !. u °'''"'='^^'°"' 't^ a climate mpamively u„k„„,„ i„ EMroj^^^S 1 ^esoS 'iT'^i;? °„"' S^''^^^^^^ her, more varied and m.,bamtiHn (hs,„ /k- , u " '"' Maritime Prov ncfs =r. M«nble than thg>e of 'he «.e.lem p„nio„s of this continent; 10 OUR DOMINION. and they coi- in, within themselves, materials that by being improved would soon elevate the Provinces to their proper position, and even above the neighboring colonies. That a proper value might be set on the resources and capabilities of the Provinces, has been a part object in the preparation of this worl<, which, in its wide circulation, may be " as seed sown upon the waters," that will result in bringing before all, the grand avail- abilities offered for the establishment of manufacturing industries, and the employment of capital. .... What the future of the Maritime Provinces may be, no man can faintly imagine ; with the increased attention that is now being paid to their mineral resources, especially to iron ore, a new era is visibly foreshadowed. That the country will meet with checks and obstacles in the progress of its development, all must expect and be prepared for. But the people will rise superior to such obstacles, and find them.selves all the stronger because they have been met. These Provinces form a world within themselves, the glory of which may be only rising, when that of many an old world dynasty is fading away. That such a country should have remained practically unknown to other parts of the habitable globe for so long, that up to even the present time, thousands of square miles remain unsurveyed, and notwithstanding that almost every nation and every tongue has been helping to give it a popula'on, the Anglo-Saxon is everywhere spoken, would seem to make all that can be seen or h ird about it of deep and special'interest to the inhabitants of Great Britain, to whom this land offers an ever open field, rich in enterprise and resources, in which the descendants of both will be called upon to take a part, the like of which the old world in ail its history has never dreamt of. NOVA SCOTIA. Nova Scotia consists of a Peninsula, and the Island of Cape Breton— the Peninsula part of it being two hundred and fifty miles in length, while it varies in breadth from fifty to one hundred miles, ccveiing an area of some thirteen million acres. Although the territot-y, known under the title of Nova Scotia, was probably first visited by the Cabots, in 1497, the first authentic account we possess of its European colonization was by the Marquis de la Roche, who having obtained a commission from Henry IV of France, sailed from that country in 1598. taking with him a number of convicts from the prisons, whom he landed on the small and barren island of Sable, situated about fifty leagues to the south-east of Cape Breton and thirty-five of Canseau. After cruising some time on the coast, the Marquis was compelled by stress of weather to return to France, leaving on Sable Isle the fifty unfortunate convicts there landed. The sufferings of these men may be well imagined, when seven years after only twelve of the number were found alive, and these in a most wretched and emaciated state, on the arrival of a vessel despatched by the French monarch to their relief Sable Island, rendered famous by this incident, and still more so by the number of i shipwrecks which have taken place on its shores, is shaped like a bow, about twenty-six ■ miles long, and a mile in width, and has been at all times a terror to mariners. Its sur- face consists entirely of sand, formed into ridges, and which, in the summer time, arej partially covered with verdure. Its beach is strewn with the wreckage of vessels, tellingj a woeful tale of death and disaster. The sole vegetation consists mainly of long, rankl grass, and a strange characteristic of the island is the number of wild horses, that roaral undisturbed over its sandy surface. How this breed was introduced all records fail to| suggest. In form they resemble the wild horses of all lands : the large head, thick shaggj| neck of the male, low withers, paddling gait and sloping quarters have all the counter! parts in the Mustang and the horse of the Ukraine. The next visitation to Nova Scotia, or as the French called it Acadia, was by D^ Monts and his followers. The persecutions to which the Huguenots were subjected, anfl which culminated in the massacre of St, Bartholomew, in 1572, created an intense desirl d would soon elevate ng colonies, ies of the Provinces, A'ide circulation, may e all, the grand avail- d the employment of can faintly imagine ; :sources, especially to neet with checks and ! prepared for. But the stronger because es, the glory of which ^ away. That such a Df the habitable globe s remain unsurveyed, leen helping to give it make all that can be s of Great Britain, to iources, in which the hich the old world in OUR DOMINION. It ireton — the Peninsula in breadth from fifty acres. Although the isited by the Cabots, Ionization was by the ienry IV of France, icts from the prisons, about fifty leagues to impelled by stress of tunate convicts there even years after only 1 and emaciated state, r relief so by the number of Dow, about twenty-six mariners. Its sur- he summer time, arej :age of vessels, telling! mainly of long, rank; 'ild horses, that roani:] ed all records fail tc| ■ge head, thick shaggy] have all the counter! t Acadia, was by I)f| s were subjected, anc| ;ated an intense desirj be convened loChrisliaX a ."u^oihl^,.^^''^!' 'i'-'';"' '""■ »"'' "ligio", to .r,»o and commerce „hiolrarbeSS,\';LKr„1„SS.™' " """" "' ""= Ro,afLdX,xt:terfiit':aieTf" "^^'^ '° ^t ""'™™" ■» •■<»■ fr ^i^gi i ggr i^ ■ ^^- i^.ic w^:m FalU of the Tartague River. k4 anoued .o ^£ f ■iST=„i/;Lr."5' re".xrdStri™> It OUR DOMINION. privileges and pre-eminence to all knights, called Equites- Aurati, but none were to be baronets of Nova Scotia or Scotland, till they had fulfilled the conditions prescribed by His Majesty. The King had also confirmed the grants made to Sir William Alexander by King James, and also added an immense territory, which led to the foundation of a company, designated, " The Merchant Adventurers of Canada." Several futile attempts were made to drive the French out of Nova Scotia, and as the extensive colonial speculations of Sir William did not prove profitable, he was induced in 1630 to transfer all Nova Scolia, except Port Royal, to his friend Charles de la Tour. Peoce having been proclaimed between Great Britain and France in 1632, by the treaty of St. Germains, all the posses- sions wrested from France by England were restored. This wholesale disposal of North America was by no means acceptable to the successor of Charles — the Protector dom- VoUy Viaduct. well — SO in 1654, a strong force under Major Sedgwick forcibly seized the forts of Penta- goet, St. John and Port Royal, though England and France were then at peacfe, bi": so impressed was Cromwell with the folly of the cession that he preferred hazarding a w to compliance with the demand of restitution ; and when the treaty of Westminster was concluded, in 1655, through the firmness of the Protector, Nova Scotia remained in posses- sion of England. Things now looked more hopefi>l for the future of the colony, but in 1667, just as it was emerging from its distress and obscurity, by the treaty of Breda, the folly of 1632 was re-enacted by the restoration of Nova Scotia to the Crown of France; at this time the entire body of Europeans did not exceed four hundred souls. Twenty years suci • ng this treaty the colony enjoyed repose, and some progress was made in establishing li^ier- ies and extending the fur trade, while the coal mines at the same time began to attract attention. On the accession of William and Mary, in 1683, war again broke out between France and England, and Port Royal, which was still deficient in means of defence, was taken bv Sir Wil smith, ticed t( of the ' jewels I B) lested i I Queen gation ( that if J Th iNichnls capitula ists wer mariner By •was fina Royal ir principa u ^y the city such am after exc coast of leagues, stretchin For crafty de drew the ments we made, j after thei ments for to be esta latids wer for ten ye shilling st number o of the am — many o Thes the 14th I coast of f\ stands. 1 accompan Halifax, ir severity of subdivided the energy hundred 1 Edward G proved hin ed by wis- administral County Co OUR DOMINION. «3 none were to be tions prescribed by Alexander by King ion of a company, ttempts were made speculations of Sir er all Nova Scotia, ig been proclaimed ins, all the posses- disposal of North le Protector CiOm- the forts of Penta- eu at peacfe, bi": so hazarding a w to f Westminster was remained in posses- t in 1667, just as it le folly of 1632 was e ; at this time the ty years sui:( . ng establishing ii.^ ler- le began to attract )ut between France "ence, was taken bv Sir William Phijjps, with a squadron from Vlassirhiw^ftc vu smith, and followed in his yo'uth the Immb^rcun o of a sEhS '''h°" "' ' "^''■ ;ewe. to the value 'oS ^ J^'SJS^^:":^^::^^ l^ rSef'' ''''' ^"^ Queen Anne preparations weTm^de in Kn'l,'^'-'''f''<'''°" f "'^'' °" '^e accession of gation of Nova Scotia ^th^Briiharms^Wa^^^^^ '^' '°'^' «"bju- that .T again conquered it should not be rertoJed t Fran ""'' °" "^^ ^^^ "^''^^ "°^^' N.chdL^n,^sTiL'dirS"jfay°'s:prr8;S 7:f'' 7'r ''' ^°'"--^ °f^--al capitulated on the 29th, and at their own Jnt.V ' ' "/ 'u'' f""" '^Sh''"8- P«" J^oy^' ists were transported to RocLlle in FrX T" "" ^''""^''^ °^ '^' ^''""'^ ^°'°"- mariners, and two hundred and fift'v New Fn^UnH TT"" '=""^'.^^'"8 of two hundred By the celebrated treaty of Utrecht i^f^^^^^ *"' '''"' '" ^°^' R°y^'- was finally ceded to thelatLr nower ^^hn ^h •^' h T" ^'''^"'^^^"d England, Nova Scotia Royal in honor of Queen Anne made it a t^^^f '^' """" °'" ^"" ^^y^^' '° Annapolis prmcipa.,nhab,tanafort?;:^a^ the c"; iJVo^R^y'atan t Sit^L^TJheTa''^ ^'^ "^ ancientru'darie, as also such ample manner and form tCfhfJ^,hi./.r^' ''^'^ '^^^^'^ '° ^^^'''t Britain "in after excluded frSm aS k n™of^fish-nV in^ the tS" "^"^^ Christian King shall be here- coastofNovaScotia,thatisto sav on L 5 h k 'r''" '''y' ^"'^ other places on the leagues, beginning frl tL'°israVco~Tv tiled sThf '"^'f '''\' "''^'" ^^'"^ stretching along towards the south west °^ ^^'^' ""='"«'vely, and thence craftv'^d'sS'oftL'S^Lftnctui^eTvS^ was neglected by England; but the drew the attention of the BritiS "uE'to'tLTmponanc 'S the'!,""' """"'T ""' '^'''' ments were held out to retired oirTrers and nthp^'^?^K i*^ *'°l°">' ^"^ encourage- made. A free passage, and subsisfencellg the votgTa^tT, °a TT f '^"' ""^ after their arrival, were o/fered— also arm. J^.r^L^^f-^ ' r /} ^^ ^°^ '*^^'^^ months ments for husbandry, fishing and the erection of hn." °" ^T ^'^T''' ^"'^ P^^f" ™PJe- to be established, J h all the priv le^es JSnrpnl nH m ^u'f ^^^^'•"'"ent was also lands were to be granted in fee sS l. f .u^^' ^°"^ American colonies. The 'or ten years, at the expiration of wLichTeHoT ^o' n'''™'"' °' '"^ ^"'' ^^"^« ^ '^''^^ shilling sterling for eve?y fifty acrefo canted Thr''?"^ """,' '° ^"^ '"°'"^ "^^" ""« number of applicants, among.' who?n vereTo maiors s?x cIT • ''™' '"^"'^^.^^ '^ '"g« of the army, three lieutenants of the navv twentTtC' '"^/fPf'»'"«' "'"eteen lieutenants -many of whose descendants n^vres!dl\rtheKo;"ee"''''''^'"'" '"' "■'^^" ^"^^^°"« the Jth^^oVSrim^nrrc^X^L^f L^^^^^^^^^ - ^'^■^teen transports, on coast of Nova Scotia tJrly in jTSin^^^ '''' ''"''^ °" 'he stands. The Governor of the PrSce wL the H^'^ k7^'^' "l^ ^^ "alifax now accompanied the expedition • thi. amSmenf iL "°"°'f' ^ Edward Cornwallis, who Halifax, in whose bono ^e now faZuf c tv of Half? '^'^u^^ '^' '"''"^"'^^ "^ Lord severity of the climate in winter noTlaywJs a low dTn ^"arfn? tr"'" ?""^'"^ '^^ subdivided and by tiie be-^innine of AimLt =«miv clearing the ground ; work was the energy with /hich th'e^cdonlJwoTetth bT t ^eT/ ^f'Sctr';^ 'k^"A^^« hundreu' houses loofed and made habitable TlLrrfhrf! °^'°'"-'''' '^^^ ^^^^ "iree Edward Cornwallis the colony th.Tved and in^reYsed hkl '""^ "'? °^ '^^ «°"- proved him to have been a man of rirP J^L i"^'^'''^^ ' '^'^ '^ree years of administration ed by wisdom, dec'^rt'crand enefg^ nf I;^^^^^^^^^^ administration of the law : the first was a Lrfofrfic ''^^ *^°"'''' ^°' '^e due 14 OUR DOMINION. Commission of the Peace at Halifax, who sat monthly, and decided all sums in dispute without limitation as to their amount, or restriction as to the nature of the action • the Supreme or General Court, of which the Governor and Council were the judges formed the Court of Appeal. ' The French settlers— under the name of Neutrals—were still very numerous in the colony, and as they were greatly intermarried with the Indians, held the British in constant alarm. For forty-two years the Acadians had enjoyed privileges of a most exceptional nature, which no other government in Europe under similar circumstances would have granted, and after much deliberation, their removal was resolved upon Though pertinaciously refusing to swear allegiance to the British Crown, they had all the advantages ot British subjects, having entire religious liberty, holding their lands without direct taxation, and having the benefit of British protection, without being required to fight, like loyal subjects, for its maintenance. Wrongful descriptions of the Acadians Ooui Bay, Mouth Halifax Harbor. /loubtless misled the poet Longfellow, when in his touching poem " Evangeline " he al udes to the so called grievances of this people ; in the same manner the poet Campbell falsely represents the great Brant warrior, Thayendanegea, in his equally affecting " Gertrude of Wyoming. ' i / 5 The indisputable records of reliable historians, however, dispels the poet's pretty picture of the hves of "these simple Acadian farmers," for so far as "dwelling together in love, we have the authority of Governor Armstrong, in 1731, that they could not be brought "to any reasonable terms of obedience to His Majesty's Government, or even to any manner of good order or decency amon-st themselves, for though they are a litigious sort of people, and so illnatured to one another, as daily to encroach on their neighbor's properties, yet they all agree in opposing every order of Government, though never so conducive, to their own interest." During the years that supervened, the Acadians became more intolerant and insolent, till in 1755, their final expulsion, after every effort at conciliation had been attempted, was determined on. Acting on instructions from the Home Government some two thousand were forcibly carried in British transports to Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and other parts, leaving nothing behind them but smokin- \uins and deserted villages. " 1 all sums in dispute, ire of the action ; the e the judges, formed very numerous in the held the British in privileges of a most similar circumstances was resolved upon. )wn, they had all the g their lands without Jt being required to ions of the Acadians OUR DOMINION. 1 " Evangeline," he the poet Campbell, is equally affecting Is the poet's pretty dwelling together in they could not be ernment, or even to they are a litigious on their neighbor's It, though never so sned, the Acadians m, after every effort istructions from the Iritish transports toi them but smokinij .sc.nd»„,y ia Acadi"«U under he^',. r* '"' " "«"""«' »'"'' ''""'l' .mirel, demolished ■Trdom«ic.ff,l/VL'°;:;r'''"' ™«'"";f' ""' '""" B"<«'". gressed. Immisration intoTpr" vine. ,eHn n„ T "■ ,"" V'"' ' ""^ '"""''^y P«" no ™an „„„^i ,0. .o..:}zrz;i NrCdrpir^L'i,rir::,;T;?L" In .X:i\^XiSS\H'^t^li't"r;r."t?X r'T ""' ?"»«'"<. Nov. SCO,,-. in 1819. ''"■lexeu to JNova bcotia, of which it now forms a county, decj'forjf 'retNo^a'Sia'^^^^^^^^^ ^"'°"*^^ '^" ^^^ -'• On the teen thousand loyal sulmvin^ in the Pr.*-'" ^^«>^«'«" to her population, some thir- From this time forward thTIl^ ^^rovmce, during the summer and fall of 178 ^ . Thanks to the puEti^ of a Sof ano '^" ^T""'' "".^'^'^^^ ^"'^ progressive "Agricola," special attention was r.lWir^"'"^ ^T''' ""^^''" 'he nom de plume of tical outcome of this wastrforation of Lf''u^ ■"""'''' ?"^ '^"^ '"""edikte prac- In 18.8, the Provinci^rAgricZr, SociL w.?/ '^ throughout the Province, the general industries oflhrcor^rvS, I i™,"'^' ^""^ ^" '"'P"'«^ '^us imparted to lected; shortly afte the settlement of h! if ^'^ ^^"^''^^'^"^l ■"•'^"ers had not been neg- of the Proving, under tffaus^lL^o^ "p'^' established in various sections I'arts, connected wi'h the Chufh of England Jl ^^S'^T'"]^ '^' ^''^'^ '" ^«^^'g" lature, a collegiate school w^Tpened at Windsor and in' xT.f '^V^''' "fj^e Legis- a college in connection where .VnH^nf=^M i"*' '^ ^^^"^'' '^''^s o^^^^^ founded, under theSUs of t^el^^^^^^^^^ matriculate In 1805, an academy was tration of Dr. Thomas McCulloulh one of thf •^^1"''5' \^'^^' ""^^^ '^^ ^^'« ^^minis- I In 181 r, an Act wrpassed^o esfihl?^., ''^T ?f .^^^olars, attained great success, i Queen's LunenbuJg EaoSs anH 41 ""■ ''^°°'' '", ^^'^""y' Cumberland, King's ; i'ictou and Yarmoud"! "n Act was .t f,^^^ ^"'■"f.'^otint.es, and in the districts of Colchestir, i In fact, in the Ser of getraT L weM ^ pare with any of he iSS of Rri Lh 1 H f '''"''''°!;^u^°™ ^'^^''^ '^^'^ ^e» ^o™" torn of education as we Us of m.n v ..h u ^^""f'^'^ ^^^ development of this sys- to the practical a^d wTse ad JnisSL of Lord S^^ "'%'\' "'"'^^'^ ^^''^^^ ^"« ors to whom the affairs of the Cvte were ever enuusS "' °' ''' ""' ^'^^ ^°^""- into Nova7cotia!^'^' '^' ^'""'' "^"'"^ Sedation introduced the first steam engine energ?tkL^tl':J^rtftf srcurfsi';m7om°'''^ ^"'"l"^" '" '^^ ^-^-^ -- --' a restlt of thei? effonfn this direct on "he S^^^^^ ^''""T "^"'^'^ ^"^ ^"^°P^- '^« theCunard Line, in 1840 fo?theSiL/en?fi? 1 "'"^"^"\^^^^ Country, for which se vke the Commn! wLl .""" ' ^''^'f " ^^''^"^ ^"^^ the Mother pounds sterling " '^""^^ '''^ Company were to receive the sum of fifty-f.ve thousand |6 OUR DOMINION. » J^pa;;' ;:;yr.X' -.rjitfi^r :sr„;v":?r '.-srjs'^ -: Hail to the day when the Britons came over, And planted their standard with sea f am still wet I Above and around us their spirits still hover, Rejoicing to mark how we honor it yet. Beneath it the emblems they cherished are wavino The rose of Old England the roadside perfumes The shamrock and thistle, the north winds are bravinir Securely the Mayflower blushes and blooms «!! I niMi f.'hit n I> flish Uelvillt Island, Halifax Harbor, In the same year, a telegraph line was constructed from Halifax to Amherst, and con riected with New Greenwich, ihus establishing communication with the whole continent of America. The investment turned out both useful and profitable to the Province. The Educational Act of 1864, was unquestionably one of the most important meas- ures bearing on the moral and material interests of the Province, that was ever introduced It struck at the very root of most of the evils which tend to depress the intellectual ener- gies and moral status of the people. It introduced the genial light of knowledge into the dark recesses of ignorance, opening the minds of the young to a perception of the true and the beautiful, and placed Nova Scotia in the front rank of countries renowned for common school educational advantages. long discor 1 SJstin^ ■4itine at) mu On boi Cbast suppiie to stee T if divi More ti t4nce ; bioard i prises a Brittan; habited bilities settleiiK lish Ha Shich w .mpart :cept f le of \. een E the y m M: issels, I nimo( |is, ea le attac tress, ; fence I ormou; ^ and loading ground below ver erected in Nova Scoia, Uion of the event, a Nova 3t an unemployed fiddle or bjcct of much rejoicing and )f one hundred guns was composed a spirited song, )llowing being the opening wet ! OUR DOMINION. _ . «7 Owmg to the energetic action of Dr nnu, q;, r-i i ... Imie Provinces was Oifected in i86c: tn iVr- f^n .'-"'*''''''' ' "I'lnr, a union of.the Mari- 111 the British American I'ttls'^oth. n^^^^ '^>' ' ^-"-^olidation f ^■derotion dating from the ,st July ,867 "'°" "^ ^'""^'i''. the constitution of con- .ore'rrs^;s^td!;::^f^r^'^^t^S^ Icotia and New Brunswick to Quebec the Prnn,! t f '''"'^' *' ' '^ '''"'" '''''''' '' "°' g-x e ; Its extreme length is about no miler S?ts ' ^ " ^ ''°"'^'^' '^^' 'J'^" *)ard is surrounded by numerous smaH fLn "s greatest breadth 90 miles. Tfs sea- *.ses about ^ooo.ooo'acres T profit "t'edl"' '"'''''' ^^^'"^'■^•^ °' ^^'^^ com- '■ttany, in remembrance of the End of hhor 1 Pr''"' ""'"^ ^^°'" ^°"^^ "'-'^'ve of bited, but its advantageous position af a fish^L^tat^rT' 'n '^'■''' '' ^'"^ ^'''^ ""'""- nes and mineral wealth, soon attracteHhe nnlnH; 7''u^' "' 'S"^"''"'"> ^^Pa- tlements were commenced in 1720, and upon a neS of Lh "'^''^'>' *^°'°"'^f^. ^"^ ■>h Harbor, were laid the foundation of a town t-- " -°" ^ '^ '""'^ '''^'^ "'" ^ng- ^.< 1. was called Louisburg, in honor of ?hl kL nf R ' '"^" '^'"" '" '^''•^"'"f^-roncl impart from thirty to forty feet in hdght bSilt of^?^n^''"'H k ^' IT"' '•'"'^ompassed by a gcept for a space of two hundred yard^ bo der nfon 'th ^^' ^^''u^*^ ^° ^''' *" ^id'h. ■>e of pickets and a dyke. This fortress wis for m.^n? ''t' '"''"'' ^^^ ^"^'"^^d by ^ ■een England and France, in the numSoirw^rs tK 'f' "^.V"^ ^^ contention be- the year 1845, this renowned French s^roVghScwlS' °'L '''''''="" '^^^^^ countucs. nn Massachusetts, under General Pep S ctnsSfni of"f ^^' 'k '"P"""'"" '"'"'^d out ssels.the largest not carrying more Vhrn twentv funf r?"' '^""'""^ "len and ten smmodore W'lrrcn, who afterwards rece ed ^^fnf ^ ^" •■^''"^''""^"t was joined by i'ps. each carrying from forty to LxtHou ' un'^^^^^^^^^^^^ "" ^''^ ^''' """^^ered ten |e attackmg force lost a large number of men 1 nn h desperate resistance, in whi^h tress, and examining its ekborate dentil dijZsXf ''"'''''''■ ^^" ^"'^^'"g '^^ ^fcnce been contmued with resolution, thriosfif hi' fn . '^' ''"' ''"^'''^^^^- "ad the lormous. ' '"^ '^^^ o' ''fe in its capture would have been I/* OUR DOMINION. i he r. oicings in Now En|^nd. on receiving the intelligence, were great. The gcrJ eral joy fov ' expression in ll/uminat,(ins and bonfires. Kqual satisfaction was felt (Jreat Britain. Pepperell was made a barf.net, and a flag was conferred on Commodn Warren. These two acted as joint governors, and, in order to decoy the French vessc. kept the flag flying from all the ramparts. The i -nseciuence was that two Easr Indiamt VM, )se cargoes were v.t! ^'d at ^175.000. were < iptured in a few days, and alte; wards magnifi' ent pri?:e was uu. n in the thip " Deliverance," which had gold, silver and I'erii vian dollars to the amount ol ^"Soo.oco, the half of which was claimed by the officers ai. ( r»Y>: ''f the fleet as prize money. Ci "' ■'•^rts of the " Deliverance " were taken by EnglhJ privateer!* off the Azores containing spec , which it required forty-three waggons to trati:; port from Bristol to London, each sailor receiving, when it was divided, 850 guineas for hj share. Intelligence of the fall of Louisburg caused intense consternation in France, and was at once resolved to retake the fortress, and measures were adopted to prepare a fie; adequate for the service. This consisted of eleven ships of the line, twenty frigates, fn ships and bombs, with a number of tender" and transports, in all seventy vessel.-i, havir on board 3150 disciplined troops, and forming one of the strongest armaments ever ser to America by that power. Its complete destruction was, however, effected by a numht ■ fortuitous circumstances, without its being engaged by any British force ; for, after a pas of ninety days, only seven of this formidable fleet reached Halifax harbour; it met with many and unparalleled disasters at sea, which so disabled and discouraged its officers, tl the Duke D'Auville, its commander, and many of his subalterns, died through grief x disappoint! ent. The remainder, with such of the fleet as the elements had spared, r( turned to France. The destruction of the fleet did not deter the French Government from making a other attempt to regain their last possessions in North America, for, in th : spring of iiS4 they fitted out another expedition, consisting of fourteen war ships, and upwards of tweii transports, commanded by M. de la JonquiJjre. The English Government, being mai aware of the destination of the expedition, sent a fleet, under Admirals Anson and Wane to intercept it. The fleets met off Cape Finisterre, when a severe engagement took plat, resulting in the capture by the English, of nine ships of war, with several transports, East Indiamen, and property valued at a million and a half pounds sterling. On the 7th of October, 1748, a treaty of peace was concluded between the two natio which has taken the name of the treaty of Aix la Chapelle one of the conditions of whi was the cession of Cape Breton to France, a measure which caused great dissatisfaction the Provincials who had fought so nobly for it. In May, 1756, war was once more declared between the two countries, and the land of Cape Breton was again soon to become the scene of warlike operations. T: trade and settlement of this colony had made great advances under the French, and t fortifications of Louisburg had been much strengthened. Halifax being an excellent harbor, and in a central part of Nova Scotia, was f\\< Ujion as the rendezvous of the British forces destined for the reduction of Cape Breti Admiral Holborne arrived at the former port early in July, 1756, with a fleet consisting upwards of thirty ships of war, and 5,000 English troops, who were joined by 6,000 lii from New York, intended for an attack on Louisburg ; but it war '!d'»rr,:J in consequeri of the place being defended by 6,000 rcmilars, 3,000 natives anu ijoj Indians, toget with a powerful fleet of 17 ships of the line and three frigates. > 'n ',-: -: i of Augul Admiral Holborne appeared before the harbor with 15 ships c ■ j, 4 ijgates, anl fire ship, for the purpose of reconnoitering it, but on ascertaining its strength, he del mined not to risk an engagement with his force so inferior to the enemy's, and returnedl Halifax. Having been reinforced by four ships of the line, he reappeared before Loif bur{^ nhout the middle of September, but La Motte, the French Admiral, declined offeit battle. The English squadron was unfortunately overtaken by a furious sto:j causing, 'v' .'o'" of one ship, with half her crew, and the rest having received damage, li retm.ier.. . ;',>,iin. Carly in May, 1758, Admiral Boscawen reached Halifax, from Ul The mos ng its coas ica to the ^ ration of t paralleled ii Ive ports < ient depth f( ed to be oc nt in the 1 highest poi rywhere is 1 numerous 1 The two i, ^■'■i 'U with th linas. Th contains 1 h extensive | h for export white and t pie, beech, e A great va slate pred OUR DOMIN >N. were great. The n^:. satisfaction was felt ifcrred on Commodd coy the French vessc. hat two Easf Indianu' lays, and alu'^vards i gold, silver and Pen lied by the officers ai, ' were taken by Engli three waggons to trac dcd, 850 guineas for 1, i.ition in France, ami )ted to prepare a fit le, twenty frigates, ti seventy vesseisj, havir armaments ever seri ;ffected by a numix > rce ; for, after a pas larbour j it met witii uraged its officers, tl lied through grief ;ir| enients had spared, r| iment from making ; , in th spring of 184 and upwards of tweii )vernment, being mat rals Anson and Wane sngagement took plaij several transports, si sterling. ;tween the two natior, he conditions of whii great dissatisfaction i countries, and the like operations. Tj er the French, and tj fova Scotia, was fi\| jction of Cape Bretcf ith a fleet consisting! 2 joined by 6,000 ml lerrcj in 'jonscqutr 1 30 J Indians, togetil ^n '.'i- r '1 of Augut ' _ -e, 4 i.igates, anJ ; its strength, he del amy's, and returnedl ippeared before Loif Admiral, declined ;n by a furious stoi received damage, tn ed Halifax, from whi _,„^_ t9 sailed soon after, and arri\ d off tt» ko,k . r , .~~ — — — _ — [Heet of .5, .hips, accom . .nief by (Jen '.Ta' ?"''''"^^ "" l""' ^"^' '" •'""'^- -'" fcn. ' "^ ^'tntral Ai, >,u t, commanding an army „f ,4,000 After a lapse of .ix days of to mrweiLeT Vhe F \"k ^'^"«"''' ''""''*"«• J command of Governor UwrenceLulCVm'rn^ wf"^ hegan to dise.uburk, under [ned, w.th a,ooo men, "ccupied he lig ,o^S' batte.v ^h,' ^ ""1 "^f"' '''' '•»« bach, and several powerful batteries were er .t^ '^^'i '" ^ *?' '»^an(l..,.e.l at his ap- ^nced the island battery. Three of the French h -''".''"f '^^ "^^' '■^""' ^^^^h soon fnt, two more made their escape h:!.^"^^?^;";"' Iral Boscawen, and a 74 gun shio w s run alhl 7 , "^ «"" '^^''^ *"^' '''''''-*" by Ad- ^e masters of the harbo?. wi K Cof o^ Iv V" '"''"r^J^" '''^"^ '^e iCnglish be- le French, seein. th. weaknes.' i he.i po^.ionTfr'" H '""'^' ^^ "'"^' ^"""'^^^ >e rel.i.s d b.^ the Itnglish. The ia teMhJ ^ n .?l ', f'''^ '» capitulate ..„ terms which Id. if .he g..rison did not si rrender he. m 1 "" ''""" 9"^ ^^'''^ ^^»t'' ''r '^fa and fed. but wa. agreed to on the "6th July ITs^ ''"'""''' "^ ""''■ '^'^''' ^"^ '''' 'i^^' ''^■ >rtars and a large quantity of stortJanZmmJmIn iC V ^'^T "f '^''""''"- '» ►37 men, were sent to England ind th, ,,? . '^eothcers and soldiers, in aU [sels. The British. fearinTthlsVm^ess mi^.i^r'^ n"^ ""]*^"u'" ^"^*'^"'^^' '" ^nglisr. (mantled and totally destroyed it Peaci. ^^am fall mto the hands of the FrencI, I following year, Ca'pe Breton was annc'Sl "oN^Jv^a Scof' '",^-'-""'^-. '762. and. m len It was established as a se|,arate cilonv In ,« " ' '^^»""""^'d ''O until , 784, Tther from Scotland. It, however made hn; J °' '' ""'"''" of families emigrated JO it was re-united to NWrScot;^?^«;,id/it?^^^ ''^'^'"« "''« F'-'nod, and. m fe from that of its neighbors. Nov 1 ScS a „ S' il"'^^^^ ^Tr /'^e climate differs but its area, or 1,000,000 acres, sWgily fit for cut^"^^^^ If and. About one half h for man and beast, common in'th^o he M mrProvlrs " "" ''' ""''^"" '' PHYSICAL ASPECTS. The most remarkable natural feature of Mn.,. c^ »• • ^ ng.ts coast, caused chiefly by thTpLe fuf LLn n 'fh 'V""." ""'"'^""^ inundations hca to the American continent strikm7fhkL"°u'^^ ^''''^'^ ^'"'l '"^°'" 'he coast of Oration of this cause, the haSo "o ^^va ScS'S n'r*^","" '°"" ^^'"^ '° '^e paralleled m any other part of the worlS Between H.lir""' "fn''^ ""'^ ^''^^'y ^'^ ;Ive ports capable of receiving the largest .MnJ^f ?^, 1 '^"'' ''"'^ ^'''P^ Canseau are ent depth for merchantmen. Of the Snerfici^ f '^' '"v"' '^"'^ '■°"«^^" others of suf. ed to be occupied by lakes of var ous "ranes and .L ^°'' ^''T' ""^''^^'^^ '« «"?" nt m the Province thirty miles fZnavSe water 'th '^''f °"' "^^' '^"^ '^ "^ IrJit^Kj^s-^iSsi;-^-:^ , J,, with thei:kes"?o™: a ain ofw^Strmll'V^"? P""^' '^'^^ ^^ - -n- IMmas. The Shubneccadie is nav.gaS for E vesT ^T'"'' ^'^^^^^^^^ the Bay b contams on its banks inexhausfrbMSntS ^fnTil ' '^^ ^^y '"'" th6 interior, h extensive groves of fine timber. TheTnos ' oml^^f '" °^ ^^"' ^"<^ '■''"«' '"S^the h for exportation and domestic purposes TtheZZT f '^, '"f ^generally applicable, I white and the black ; also ten varietSs of nine tZ^u' °^ l^^'f ^^^'^ ''^ '^^ species fPle. beech, elm, hemlock, ash, popla edrandSr.'w ^^ m 'T ^'' America., larch ! A great var ety of rocks nreLn/ ^Ll , ^"°.'"e "^^d and black oak. si... p.do J„a„ rt S\LlrL7he'"4'':A,!™°t.''^' «""!!•'■ -P "»* .. .7 c'_.i.u,, ^,„cii pfcvaiis aiong the 30 OUR DOMINION. shore, and :s well-adapted for mill-stones. Clay slate is of extensive formation in the eu em section of the colony ; it is generally of a very fine quality, and is largely used i- building purposes. The grindstones so much esteemed in the United States under tli, term of Nova Scotia blue granite, are obtained from a stratum of sand sione.'and form' valuable branch of trade. Limestone, like gypsum, is very abundant throughout the coal formation. Some of IS capable of being polished to a high degree, and some fine specimens of enamel hai been sent to England from the neighborhood of Parrsboro and the Five Islands Ochre ot a ferruginous character abound throughout the Province ; plastic clay, used in the mam facture of bricks and pottery, is found in almost every county, while salt springs occur r many places. f 5 " ■ CLIMATE, SOIL AND AGRIGULTUKAL PRODUCTIONS. There are a variety of influences upon which the climate of a country depends IS said that a flat country, even in the same latitude, is warmer than a high mountainn district; and if the prevailing winds, in any particular region of the northern hemisphcr be from the south-west, an additional degree of warmth is imparted to the atmospher Ihe climate of Nova Scotia can be fairly placed in competition with that of Britain eve for agricultural purposes, and so far as personal comfort is concerned, that of the fornii will be preferred by the majority of persons who have had experience of both climate Ihemildness of the winter in Britain is considerably marred by remarkable humiditi which materially diminishes the number of days, suitable for outdoor labor, whilst tl advantages of early spring are counterbalanced by the rapidity of growth in Nova Scotii and the splendor of the protracted autumn. It is undoubtedly a more salubrious climat than any other part of the continent of America. In fact all the Maritime Provinces at generally free from endemical diseases, and the longevity of life is a .2markable feature i this section of the country. The .soil is of various qualities; there are extensive alluvial tracts, fully equal to any England ; some of the uplands are sandy and poor, though the fops of the hills a «trangely enough singularly productive. It must however be confessed that agricultur pursuits have not advanced proportionately with the development of this Province Th IS not owing to any inferiority in her soil or climate, but probably to her having m greater attention to her ship building and the fisheries. The whole Province is yet highly calculated for the labors of the farmer, and, unri, a proper system of tillage, will vie with any other country, of equal extent on the Nort American continent. ^ Scientific agriculture is carried to as great perfection in Scotland, as in any counlr in the world ; yet the soil of Scotland, is not naturally more, if so fertile as that of Nov, Scotia, and there is a greater cultivable area here, in proportion to the extent of tountrJ Nova bcotia enjoys the additional advantage of a large tract of marine alluvial soil, pn duced by the tidal wave that sweeps up the bay of Fundy, and which continues to retai Its fertility undiminished for generations. If the climate is deficient, as compared with some of the other Provinces for th growth of wheat, it is most favorable for green crops, turnips, carrots, mangel-wurzel, et| all of which are as valuable to the farmer as any other crops, and which can here brought to a high state of perfection. The soil is especially adapted to the culturt potatoes, flax and hemp, especially the former, which are readily produced. A single ac of ground, well cultivated and manured has been known to produce four hundred bush of potatoes in one season. Tiie cultuie of fruit may be carried to a great extent in this Province. There is district that can exceed it in apiiles, of which some sixty varieties are grown. Grapes a mdigenous to the soil ; strawberries attain great perfection ; peaches come raijidly maturity and every kind of orchard produce thrives in an unexcelled degree. 1 Nova Scotia presents to a farmer of moderate capital, skill and industry, a mo tempting field for settlement than even the rich virgin soil of the prairie, while he has fer open m je country ; I food can I There a as that of n ; manul :1 to enab vements i another, lural, no c the I '10 vi nee It is imi; ProMiice, as t carijoniferous d square n in Nova S valuable iod of nea losits are h (ntion of th jParis, in i mpt at mil Indation of The quai quantity w is; in 1867 led. I !ch it is conv OUR DOMINION, 3DUCTI0NS. a I pood ca;; be obtain'ed for the support of lil" rkTuri^TKintet""''"' ""' ^"°"«*'' THE COAL FIELDS OF NOVA SCOTIA. There are few mineral productions of so much imnorMnr^ t,^ tu .. as that of coal. Its use is essential on renderin. evert nH, T'^' °^^ '°'"^- n ; manufactories can not be profitably cI?r"ed3wUhout?tS?r'^'' ^^^^'^^^'''^ ^^ il to enable them to traverse the deL n firrhv ^n ^'^^'n^^^'its require this .vements in manufactures, in conflrce'a^H^/'? L'^f^ t.!'«"">' "'!'^' ''^" 'h*^ g^^at im- , another, be effectually achieved, with a-g;;;i t'o the quamitr^nd Sft^v oTtl/"'"'/^ ineral, no country of equal extent on the Ampr,Vo« J » ^ quality of this useful t Province of Nova Scotia. ^'"^"^^" ^°"t'"'-'nt '« so highly privileged as It is impossible to form an approximate estimate of the quantity of thi. mm.r,! ■ .. vmce, as the formation has not been sufficiently exnlored Ti,7 . ^ '^' '" "'*' rboniferous area in the Maritime ProvincS S/^beeSr, JH^^ " ''^''^ °^ '^^ Id square miles, and that at the least the hal of tErea «; n[l H V^^''"""'' '''°"- in Nova Scotia and Prince F.dward Islan" and wS%dLr:o^d"Sd"!^^^^^^^ valuable mineral to supply the whole continent of America It is 's m^ Ir ? ^'-''^ •lod of nearly two hundred years after the discovery of S,e Breinn *^ f '"^ 1 5osits arenn many instances exposed on the cois hkLl„ ' ^ ' '"''''"'*'' "^^ ^O'"*' .Uionofthem. W Hrst notiie of tSei exSe is^^^^^^ "^f^*^ "'^ Paris, in rCya. For a "uinber of years vSds'ee^^^^^^^^^ fempt at mining was made in 1720, in order to supply th™kmril. ,' ^ '^ ^l'"- Indation of the tortress of Louisburg ^^^ workmen who were laying the {S j .n .86,, 4,.,.83 .on. v.„i,e a?'.he ,„e»„. ,ir„'ve'°"Xo?L's I?: 2^ THE GOLD MI^fES OF NOVA .SCOTIA lir belief .in the presence, at an early period in the SoVv nf S ' t ' ''^'^ '? '"^icate However, the enthusiasm, which was first inspired by the discovery rrr.H„.ii k . ^ a corresponding depression occurred when itias found hat skiir7a\lt?uS fe required to render the mines productive. ' ""'^ patience THE IRON INDUSTRIES OF NOVA SCOTIA. Of all the rich natural resources of Nova Scotia thar nf im,, ;. . • . atest i^iiportance, and the increased attention nt is nmT Itries of our country, cannot fail to redound Jo the tnefit o the'Ki'nce" "l' """ '"■ hnous descriptions and cpiaiities, are found in almost eve y JcSon o En ^ ," "'."'' Ire especially within the carboniferous system 'I'he veL^r nrl n •^■' "'''"' ''"' liatite, altliough by no means confined to U a variety f L' n i f "'''"^; "''' "^ "^" [the best kind, and said t« be inexhnustib ^Jk rts the ^ i , 'T l'''""^''?" "^^^• lunta.ns. Tiiis ore possesses a high percenHee n^^^ '■'^? of the Cobequid h in one hundred, which is "early douTrtheprodro^r^^ l'a;ts of pure Ich are profitably smelted in Fiir,m,> ' n, T ' ,k r .^ ""^^^ ''"■■""" of the^ores k h.. 'never b^en^p!:;!',; ^^^^^^^ ^'S'S^^^^^^^ "^ B.h .t „ ..„,,. ,,a into steci o. tiic best kind. Several edge tools manuf^cVurcd t^m 33 OUR DOMINION. this steel, as well as some wire of excellent quality, were shown at the London ExhibitioJ and received most favorable notice. Many of these veins, both of magnetic and speculr ore, are imbedded in a stratum of limestone, itself intermixed with iron ore called amnet ite, which extends to a thickness of from two to three hundred feet, and has been asce i tamed to run parallel with the mountains and the sea for fifteen or twenty miles Even facility IS afforded for the establishment of iron works, such as vast quantities of wood fc charcoal, veins of coal on the table land immediately adjoining, as well as numeroL streams descending from the hills, offering sites for water-wheels, all of which advantaw combine to render this iron-bound region peculiarly valuable. The time has now at proached when this latent mineral storehouse of wealth should be opened and develonec and rendered subservient to the interests of the country. In these days of railway spect lation, of the increased construction of machinery of every description, and of shipbuildiii when such vast quantities of this metal are required for domestic and other purposes a' mvestment in iron works, in the favorable surroundings of this Province, will w'ell rep^ the outlay of capital. The qualitv of the iron of these mines may be judged by the nric in the English market as compare ! with English iron. The latter, in pig, is worth an ai erage of ;^4 sterling per ton, while Nova Scotia iron brings^? ; English bar iron is won ^g, Nova Scotia ;£io per ton. THE FISHERIES OF NOVA SCOTIA. The interests of the Maritime Provinces are indissolubly connected with the fishene which constitute an important and ever reliable source of wealth, while there is no ua^ of Her Majesty's Colonial Dominions to which this pursuit is of more importance than • Nova Scotia, the products of whose fisheries only rank second to her agricultural produc The fishery question, as it is called, has recently attracted a considerable degree of notit from the claims of the Americans, to participate in the enjoyment of those advantage which Providence has bestowed on the inhabitants of these regions,— from the prolo'i.n negotiations to which these claims have given rise— and the steps which have been rende ed necessary to prevent m some measure the encroachments of foreigners on native right Certain British treaties have given the Americans and French the right of fishin? in thes' waters, providing they do not approach within three miles of the shore, which would othe: wise, by the law of nations, appertain exclusively to Britain and her colonies The ^mer ' cans have always been fully sensible of the advantages these fisheries afford and thev hav not been slow not only to reap the full benefit of the privileges secured to them by treat but m many instances to encroach within three miles reserved to the British fishermV These encroachments led from time to time to repeated remonstrances, ^nd a certa bitterness of feeling has as a result been engendered. Much discussion took place as'' the mode in which the three mile distance from the shore was to be calculated •' th i Americans contending that the indendations of the coast were to be followed while th ' British argiied, and supported their arguments by the opinions of the most eminent iuri? ' on both sides of the Atlantic, that the Hne must be drawn from headland to headlan' excluding all foreigners from the bays and harbors of the Provinces. ' ■' There is probably no part of the world in which such valuable"and extensive fisherit* are to be found, as within the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Nature has bountifully provide' within Its waters, the utmost abundance of those fishes, which are of the greatest imno ' tance to man, as affording not only nutritious and wholesome food, but also the mear^ of profitable employment. These fisheries may be prosecuted as well in the open waters I the gulf, as within every bay, harbor, creek, coye and inlet in connection with it whetli^^ on the bleak and sterile coast of Labrador, or on the western coasts of Newfoundland d Cape Breton, or along the eastern shores of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick or witV^ the Bay of Chaleur, or around Prince Edward Island, Anticosti, or the Magdalen Island the fisherman may pursue his labors with nearly equal chances of success and the fd prospect of securing an ample reward for his toil. It is equally evident that from tl variety of fish no less than seventy species, frequenting these waters, at different seasol of the year, that the prudent fisherman need be at no loss, for if the catch of herrings fJ iy VI if,ator ( Id Uiat \ land a tadia ; ai irce froi Irg, as wi rmed the ■"rench r lilies wh tees in i ;ond red fitain in 500 inh a |oo bus\\ ;se peopl the samt |d others island. ide into ; 73 the fii Many il other p [99, to th( our Quee turned, ai fvelopmen ' 1803, by idcr his j ientific at( iployed, 1: OUR DOMINION. t the London Exhibitioai of magnetic and specula:| th iron ore called ampe; feet, and has been ascei or twenty miles. Even 1st quantities of wood k ing, as well as numerou all of which advantage The time has now ap ; opened and developed :se days of railway speci „ tion, and of shipbuildiiijj c and other purposes, Province, will well rejjal r be judged by the pric ' r, in pig, is worth an ai English bar iron is won TIA. nected with the fisherie th, while there is no pa: iiore importance than t her agricultural produc- derable degree of iioiit lent of those advantage IS,— from the prolongt which have been rende reigners on native right right of fishing in ihes bore, which would othe: :r colonies. The Amer ies afford, and they hav Jcured to theni by trean ) the British fisherme: onstrances, ind a certai cussion took place as ; s to be calculated ; th to be followed, while ttj the most eminent jurisil headland to headlani' s, e and extensive fisherit^ has bountifully provide^ ^ of the greatest imiw "ood, but also the mear ell in the open waters ■. inaction with it, wheths ts of Newfoundland ar, ew Brunswick, or witiii ir the Magdalen Islanc i of success, and the (d evident that, from ti ters, at different seasoi| le catch of herriniys fail '3 may. devote his time and attention to that of mackerel, as well as the shad salmon i^ any other spaces we suited, either for table or production of ofl.lhether'»ot kluable fisheries m the Province shores, are the herring the cod and the mackerel The fernng.soneofthe most useful fish found on these shores ; it is caugh on rnost all irts of the coast, some m the early spring, when they are poor and not esteemed and lain in the fall when they are more valuable. The cod family is one of the morimpott ft to man m the whole race of fishes ; the common cod and the American c3 a eKh lught in these waters. The mackerel are the most valuable fish frequenting these sSore lere are .sa.d to be two species, the spring and fall mackerel, though douSare entertain' Vlff'iif^T"^' ";"'?'""'" ^'""^^^"^ ''^S^' ofgromh. SalmonXook aS Sev but haddock lake smelt a so abound. The value of^he fish of Nov^Scot^a amounts I between eight and nme millions of dollars. ' ^"""""'^ PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND. J=of.h.Gulf„fS,. Lawrence, be{:i:nSj£LZSLd^L7,:Zt "l" "'"''°"' 133 square miles ' ^ "^ ^4 miles wide, with an area of . . ^'y^S tSbo^ l:rr!^i^:]::il:^:?^'f^^ °^^^"^i^' -^ -^-•^- ^^ - 1^ ,sator discovered it on Saint John" da v in , T, hT fV' ^°'^' ^""8" ''^^^ '^is id diat Verazano afterward re dtcovered f t^' '^u' f"™^'-"^"!^ of " St. John," Igland and France Smdi by ght of dc "'-" ''"''' """' '^'' ^""^ tadia ; and as long as France possSd CanX J;i r V ''^"'"f '^ ^ P'""' «<" '^"cient Wee from whence^hey ?ouTd Tr ve supS"; f rom fhS'^' ^'"°"' '^f^ T''''''^ '' ^' » rg, as well as on account of the vaTuaTLl eS?onTtsS^^?' S""'^'' '"^ ^°"''^- hned the granary of North America Tn Taa f. °","s ':oasts ; for these reasons it was ^>ench na^val officer, and it tfterrrds became' the 'r^ "'' 'T"^ '" ^r' '''^^^''' .nihes who were dissatisfied w th Ihe ^.1^^., ".^"dezvous of a number of French ces in I74S, but waf iSore'd to F a^^^^^ TSFTA'^'T """^ ^"^'^"^ bond reduction of Louisbur? in t',cS m» tne treaty of Aix la Chapelle, and after the ftain in 1763 At this peHod t"wa said'^n ' T"'' P^™^"^".'ly -"^^h^d to Great 000 inhabitants, who had JlSstocIs of c^^^^^^^^^ ' population of from 4,000 to 00 busWels of vheat to ma?kS After the i^h^.^ of them were reported to send ke people continued dis affected to s goJe rnmS'a°nV n cont" '° Great Britain, the same prescription as their countrymen in Nova Scol ^""^^^^^^^^ were doomed Id others to the old colonies so that in ,7, . hT T u ^""""^ "^^'^ '^"^ '« Canada, fe island. Up to this tirtheIsS JorSk t^l NovTsroIia °bt l^^'? "" ade into a separate government Mr PitPr«nn iL;„„ \ scotia, but in 1770 it was [73 the first Aousa of AssSy ^fas caSZ^^^^^^^^^^ ''°" ' "' ""' ^°'""°^' ^"^ '" [99, to the name it now bears in complimTnt' of Prince Edwt^nn!'^' enactment, in our Queen, who that year h^d visited the island A nnnrff' Pa ^°^ H"'' ^""^ ^^^^^' Uned, and small parties of emigrants from he Highlands of Scn^r^^""' ^r'^ Pu^^""'^^'^ fvelopment of the island steadil/progre sed A f fsh ?mn,l? '" • '^"'""g here, the 1803 by. the Earl of Selkirk, wL^brfughfoverand setlTd'aboutToo'Sr '',' '°'T^' Pdcr his judicbus management soon hpmm/,,^ °.^'Sh''''"^^''S' who, entific attention paid to tlie surveys of the SEnd l^T'^""""'- ^". '"'^'"^""^ "^ '^' fployed. provision was made bvTedsl/it l^"i:l"^■',^Vo•:^"^^'^y. "^ the instruments "4 OUR DOMINION. 4 a meridional line, near Charlottetown, by astronomical observation, marking it out bv fixin three stones of sufficient height and dimensions, and at suitable distances apart, havinu t ^ variation and year accurately engraved the., on, and all surveyors were required to reguh J and rectify theirinstruments by this line, in the presence of the Surveyor General Prin, ' hdward Island has now a population of 120,000 inhabitants ; the capital is Charlottetown 1 2,000 inhabitants 1 his city stands on the south-east coast at the bottom of Hillsbo ough Bay, and at the confluence of three rivers, which each admit the largest vesse's f, several miles, so as to secure them from all weather. The harbor is rendered still mo : commodious through the strength of the tides, which enable ships to work out and ^ against the wind. The Province is divided into three counties, called Prince Count ' Queen s County and King's County, which are sub-divided into electoral districts Ti. government of the island consists of a Lieutenant-Governor, an Executive Council a a Legislative Assembly of twenty two representatives. The educational facilities of ih,: 1 rovince afford every advantage, the non-sectarian school system exists, v.hile in additio to public schools, there are St. Dunstan's College ( Roman Catholic,, and Prince of Wale Co lege (Protestant). Justice is administered according to English law and practice. T k Lord Bishop of Nova Scotia exercises episcopal authority over the island, and the Roma Catholics have the diocese of Charlottetown. The island, from its narrowness, may be said to be all front, on which its best lani are situate. From this circumstance, in addition to its navigable bays and streams h~ facilities for settlement are very great. The character of the island, in an agric u pomt of view, is not exceeded by any spot of equal extent in America. The soil possessc- a peculiar fertility, and produces an abundance for home consumption, while it exuo- large quantities of wheat, oats, barley, potatoes, grass, seeds, and other productions oi- especially, of a very fine quality, are cultivated in great abundance, and large quantities an annually sent to the neighboring Provinces and to the United States, wherf they co in a good prices Besides these staple productions, there are raised large quantities of mark garden produce and fruit The soil of the island has been highly favorable to the cul u; of fruit, especially of apples. 1." mc cuituu The climate of Prince Edward Island differs but little from that of Nova Scotia ,„ New Brunswick. I he winters are not so severe as those of Lower Canada, and extreme oftemperature, either winter or summer are unusual. Thera are no endemical disea pecuhar to the island. The sea breezes, which penetrate aU parts of it, aJeTnvigorad ^ and wholesome, and are unaccompanied by fogs of any kind. ' The conditions are very favorable for the keeping of cattle, sheep and horses and diere is a considerable export of these animals to other parts of Canada and the United ^ States. In he bays and little river estuaries, the inhabitants have found a mine of wealih in the so called mussel mud This is a deposit varying from five to twenty feet in depth formed by decayed oyster, clam and mus.sel shells. Rich in the remains of these Se fish this inud has proved a most admirable manure, and it is regularly dug out and carted on to the field, whose crops and pastures show how well the care bestowed on them hi. repaid the farmer. There are few localities in the whole of North America, so admirably adapted for salt sea fishing as Prince Edward Island, and this branch of industry constitutes an important element of her wealth Almost every kind offish abound, but especially cod and mack- ere ; the amount of these annually taken is enormous. The cod are dried and pressed and sent to South America and the southern lands of Europe, where the consumption of: them among the Roman Catholic population is very large. Off Prince Edward Island there are capital beds of an oyster, smaller than that procured further south in fact some of the finest varieties in the world are dredged in these waters. The value of the fisheries of the island is computed at between one and one and a half million dollars annually There is one railway on the island, the property of the Dominion Government, by whom It IS worked, 198'^ miles long. There is also a submarine telegraph l)etween the island and New Brunswick. Steamers ply between the ports of the island and those of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and the United States. Those who seek a pleasant land with Er OUR DOMINION. marking it out by fixing itances apart, having the ere required to reguiau- rvcyor-Generai. Prince :apitai is Charlottetowii the bottom of Hillsbor the largest vessels fj; )r is rendered still more 5 to work out and m , called Prince Countv lectoral districts. Ttii- Executive Council, aiic national facilities of thh ;xists, while m addition ), and Prince of Wales law and practice. The island, and the Roman 1 which its best land- e bays and streams, it; and, in an agriculture :a. The soil possesses nption, while it exports ler productions, Oa.u ind large quantities arc , where they command je quantities of mark-; ivorable to the culture that of Nova Scotia or Canada, and extremes 10 endemical diseases of it, are invigoratini; sheep and horses, and Canada and the United bund a mine of wealth ) twenty feet in depth, emains of the.se shell- ly dug out and carted estowed on them has irably adapted for salt istitutes an important ecially cod and mack are dried and pressed 2 the consumption of 'rince Edward Island er south, in fact .soiiu- value of the fisheri. s ion dollars annuallv overnment, by whom h between the islaii ■ d and those ofNiv a pleasant land, with as bare air and beautiful climate, should visit this island. To the sportsman it also offers CL'afe^rbnh'ot at'?he%°'""''°"' "' "Jr^ ^'""^ the shorL, and :oodcock fnd Clover are to be shot at the proper season, while the best of fishing can everywhere be bcurtd. All the pleasures of the sea side may be here enjoyed, with freedonrrori fo^ tHZnu "TT"' °'^''' 'i^' "^'"^ ^'' ^"'"^times fotlnd upon the r^afn land Ihf |eople of he island are generally prosperous and well to do, and all branches of trade Ind industry grow and flourish, a large business being done in ship-building? NEW BRUNSWICK lorn the harbor of St. John o Bay Chaleur is rnn mi ^ T^'' longitude. Its length [so. It lies nearly in the form of a rectanHe and!, h"'' !i"^. "' "I'^^e breadth about lay of Fundy an^Nova ScotS fan IS^^X'^^^JL^ZV^^^^^^ fnion ; on the north-was by the Province of Quebec and U^. R.v If r -h ^^^erican he east by the Northumberland Straits and The Gulf of S. ^/ "^ <- h^^le"'" ; and on ipwards of 28,000 square miles bein? nearlv i;? nL Lawrence. It contains If Scotland, and has'a r^Xo^Z^!^ ^:'^;Z;S'li ™'?.r" """ '"= "" Snbnnn FisMng m, (he Urattaoiiche, N l^^^nfs:s::^z:':^^:::^ ^- to commbus. Its extent and resources, was made by John Cibot a V ^^ i ^- '^°"""^"t' ^"^ of f>. etnploy and under tW direction of SryVIl^fES^^^^ "tk' '".'•^9^' '''^'^ '" navigator had discovered Labrador and odier nlaces £ ^h■• T' r'"f ^'^^^^P"s>"K probably Nova Scotia and New Brunswick hefLcnU k I ', P^" ""^ "'^ continent, beyond the Gulf of Mexico from the resMiluw?'''"' ^"""^ ^^'""^^^ ^'^ researches JlmPr,V,h„ right "f Hi- -' T ^ "' '"' ^°vage EnelanJ rliim^d Worth _ , nght .f d.M:uvcry, tor Over a century but little attention was paid t^ the 36 OUR DOMINION. new country, but in 1604 De Monts sailed from France, commissioned by Henry IV —the then sovereign of that country, and toolc formal possession of all the territory froir the 40th to the 46th degree of north latitude from Virginia nearly to Hudson's Bay Thi< extensive territory was called New France, of which only two small islands, St. Pierre and Miquelon, now belong to that power. De Monts explored the chief part of the coast from Canseau, the north-easterly point of Nova Scotia proper, to the river of St John in New }3runswick. At that early period he discovered iron and copper ores, and establ'ish- ed some settlements on the coasts of Nova Scotia, or ancient Acadia, which included Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and a part of the state of Maine. During this time the English were planting settlements along the coast of Virginia, Massachusetts, and other colonies, thus encroaching on the nominal limits occupied by France. This pave rise to a protracted war between the two countries, both claiming, under various protests, a laree portion of the newly discovered continent. An enumeration of the privations and dis- tresses, endured by the early settlers in this part of the continent, during the protracted struggle between France and England for its possession, forms a dark page in the annals of the early settlement of what is now known as the Maritime Provinces This contest was closely followed by the American Revolution, and on both occasions each party— but more especially the French, employed the various Indian tribes as auxiliaries, who carried on the war in the most barbarous manner, endeavoring to exterminate the hardy settlers to whose bravery and persevering industry we are so deeply indebted. At length how- ever these wars came to an end, and Great Britain, by various treaties with France and the United States, retained the peacable possessions of Canada, Nova Scotia, then includ- ing New Brunswick, the Hudson's, Bay and Labrador territories, extending to the Pacific together with the islands of Newfoundland, Cape Breton— since incorporated with Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, Anticosti and other smaller islands on the coasts of theje countries. One of the most important features in the topography of this Province is its extent oi sea coast, amounting to 400 miles, exclusive of the numerous indentations of the shore On these coasts there are many excellent harbors, and other advantageous localities for ship-building, as well as for the prosecution of the fisheries and the timber trade three of the great staples of this Province. ,u o^^^ f^u''^^ "^ ^^^ u^^'u^''^ }^ generally very undulating, and on its west coast, from the Bay of Chaleur, to the boundary of Nova Scotia, there is scarcely a hill exceeding ^500 feet in height. There are elevated lands skirting the Bay of Fundy and the River St Tohn but the only section of a mountainous character is that bordering on the Province of Quebec, on the north, while the country is beautifully diversified by oval topped hills ranging from 500 to 800 feet in height, clothed with lofty forest trees almost to their summits, and surrounded by fertile valleys and table lands. Timber of every de- scription IS found in vast plenty, and in the most favorable situations for reaching a market. In no part of the world does the primeval tree grow in the promiscuous .style that prevails in the general character of the North American woods. Many varieties of the pine, intermingled with birch, maple, beech, oak, and numerous other tribes branch luxuriantly over the banks of lakes and rivers, extend in stately grandeur alonp the plains and stretch proudly up to the very summits of the mountains. It is impossible to ex- aggerate the autumnal beauty of these forests ; nothing under Heaven can be compared to its effulgent grandeur. Two or three frosty nights in the decline of autumn, tansform the boundless verdure of a whole empire into every possible tint of brilliant scarlet, rich violet every shade of blue and brown, vivid crimson, and glittering yellow. The stern inexor^ able fir tribes alone maintain their eternal sombre green. All others in mountains or in^ valleys, burst into the most glorious vegetable beauty, and exhibit the most splendid and enchanting panorama on earth. In New Brunswick the summer is warmer and the ./inter colder than in England the ranges of temperature being, in the interior, from 92° above zero to 18° below zero The whole nnmber of days, however, in which the temperature is below zero rarely exceeds i twenty. In general the winters are pleasant, and a few days of extreme cold are nothing] :re. ssioned by Henry IV, if all the territory, froir Hudson's Bay. This islands, St. Pierre and lief i)art of the coast, e river of St. John, in per ores, and establish- cadia, which included During this time the ssachusetts, and other ice. This gave rise to ■arious protests, a large the privations and dis- , during the protracted rk page in the annals evinces. This contest asions each party— but auxiliaries, who carried late the hardy settlers, Dted. At length, how- aties with France and va Scotia, then includ- tending to the Pacific, corporated with Nova m the coasts of theae 'rovince is its extent of :ntations of the shore, ntageous localities for e timber trade three Dn its west coast, from ly a hill exceeding 300 tid the River St. John, ng on the Province of by oval topped hills, !brest trees almost to Timber of every de- :uations for reaching a the promiscuous style ds. Many varieties of other tribes, branch ideur along the plains. It is impossible to ex- :an be compared to its lutumn, tansform the int scarlet, rich violet, , w. The stern inexoi 5 in mountains or m I ihe most splendid and | ■ than in England, the 18° below zero. The i 3w zero rarely exceeds me cold are nothing] OUR DOMINION. I . »7 lin comparison with the average amount of fine weathei^ ,-,,„ ,„ 7~ lApril, and spring ploughing commences JIh f7m! .• ^ '""''' disappears early in fom the bejnni'ng'of ApriLlT^^Zueslu'^^-T^^^^^ ^ ''^ ^^^'°"' Ml blossom. In June wild strawberries of fine flavor aJe rioe Jnn .h ?'^P'^^^^^« ^'^ '" begins. In August early potatoes are brought to he m'rke -^1- k"' '• ^^''"^ """" .wild fruits. In September, oats, wheat and Xrr^r.Ji raspberries and other ^nd are generally secured before OctoSL The effects 'fth!."' ''? '""^^Z''' '^' ^'^'"«' in uriousto the agriculturist, are a great advanta/e to h?m u "l^^? '" ^^' """"^ l^^ing ,5Nii^_ J'"?'-^-; w:*'' i& t^ '"^'^'"'n^>''Brm,.TM„,u«.j.n,m^.s,.j,Zs.B' .p.c„„„ „, ,H. .„.p .^-^^i ■i^':^:^ r^xf Sunt w'lrr;:.^- 98 OUR DOMINION. ffSHI from the running brook to the navigable river. Two-thirds of its boundary are washed by the sea ; the remainder is embraced by the large rivers, the St. John and Restigouche, For beauty and richness of scenery, this latter river and its branches are nowhere surpass- ed. In the capability of growing all the common crops on which man and beast mainly depend, the whole Province of New Brunswick taken together, exceeds even the favored Genesee Valley. At thc> London and Paris Exhibitions, New Brunswick took the first prize for oats, the weight .,cing fifty seven pounds to the bushel. An eminent authority, the late Archbishop Connolly, of Nova Scotia, in speaking of New Brunswick, said : " H'l had spent years in Italy, had been twice in France, he knew ever county in Ireland, and had seen most of England and many other countries ; but he never saw any other countu teeming with greater abundance of everything necessary for the sustenance of man ; n. country more highly endowed by Providence with beauty and fertility than New Brunswi. k appeared to him to be, when on his visitation. During the summer season he travelled through various districts, and saw on every side fields of potatoes and corn and vegetables, such as could be nowhere exceeded, and the people in a corresponding degree comfor table, happy and mdependent." In common with the Ms *time Provinces generally. New Brunswick is free from endemical diseases. Of the whole average -f this Province 14,000, 000 acres are set down as gocd land, and 3,600,000 acres as poor land. The crown land^ are at present being disposed of under the Act of 1868, which provides that certain pur tions of eligible lands shall be reserved for actual settlers and not be exposed of to spec ulators or for lumbering purposes. By Act of 1872, a single man obtains 100 acres and a married man with children, 200 acres. A house must be built and some land cultivated within three years, when he receives a present of thirty dollars from the Government. .A large portion of the Province is occupied by carboniferous strata. Tht mineral coal is fdi the most part impure and in thin seams, and is hardly worked ; but the so-called albertito of Albert County is the most valuable of bituminous matter on the American continent. This coal rt-idely differs both in its position and properties, from any of the other varietit^ found in the United States or Canada. It yields one hundred gallons of crude oil pt: ton. Copper and iron ore are found, as also antimony and manganese, gypsum, plumbago - and limestone are very abundant, and the freestone of the Province, unsurpassed for '■ beauty and durability, commands a high price in the States. Salt springs are numerous. The favorable maritime position of New Brunswick, with her wealth of forests, has al- ways largely led to the interest of ship-building. The supply of vessels for the seal and other fisheries of Newfoundland, for the transport of deals and lumber to Great Britain, ' and for the Labrador and other fisheries of the Provinces, together with the coasting trade between this country and the United States, affords employment for a large amount oi tonnage. The sailing qualities of New Brunswick built vessels have not yet been exceed ed, and the hf-h state of perfection to which her artizans have brought this branch of bust ness, is certainly very creditable to them. The interior of the Province is literally a net work of streams, thereby affording abundant facilities for the transportation of materials to the shipyards. The description of timber generally used are spruce, birch, maple, ash, oak, elm, beech and hacmatac. Ships built of the latter are the most durable and safe, Hacmatac is found in great abundance along the margins of lakes, rivers, meadows, swamps, and other alluvial lands ; the other kinds are met with plentifully in almost all parts of the Province. New Brunswick has, therefore, always been eminent as a ship-building country, and in every port her ships have a well-known character for strength, durability, workman- like finish and model. The operations of the lumberer are chiefly carried on along the shores and on the banks of the numerous rivers of the Province. Almost all the rivers and creeks in the Province present facilities for lumbering operations, but they are carried on to the greatest e?ctent on the St. John, the Miramichi, the rivers falling into the Bay of Chaleur, and their tributaries. The forests of New Brunswick are almost inexhaustible, and the lumbering interests form an important factor in the wealth of the Province. Chief, however, among the resources of New Brunswick are the fisheries. There is probably no part ot the woild in which such extensive and valuable fisheries are to bel )oo miles ^vigable fc It is sa >n to popi fovince, w [iblic and The ed larkable [pulation. fhool for t( rammar 01 The ch [med by C entered 1 riving porl lin bv fire ; OUR DOMINION. aundary are washed by John and Restigouche. s are nowhere surpass- nan and beast mainly ceeds even the favored runswick took the first \n eminent authority, Brunswick, said : " He county in Ireland, and saw any other country sustenance of man ; no y than New Brunswick :r season he travelled d corn and vegetables, onding degree comfor jvinces generally, New f this Province 14,000. md. The crown land> )vides that certain por be exposed of to spec obtains 100 acres and d some land cultivated 1 the Government. A rht ^Jneral coal is for the so-called albertite le American continent, y of the other varieties lions of crude oil per !se, gypsum, plumbago I'ince, unsurpassed for •rings are numerous, ealth of forests, has al- essels for the seal and tiber to Great Britatri, nth the coasting trade for a large amount of ; not yet been exceed- ht this branch of busi- vince is literally a net- irtation of materials to , ice, birch, maple, ash, )St durable and safe. ;rs, meadows, swamps, almost all parts of the ship-building country, , durability, workman- the shores and on the s and creeks in the ried on to the greatest ' of Chaleur, and their lie, and the lumbering | le fisheries. There is | ; fisheries are to be: »9 lund as vithin the Gulf of St. Lawrence Natiir» k»„ u .-/■ n raters, the, utmost abundance of thorefisEe^whSare 0. heTe ' " ^i^™"?^'^ ^"'^'" "" B affording not only nutritious and wholesome food but also S.S.n''f"'"fi' 'i!l '"''"■ loyment. It is claimed that the deep sea and S fisheries of T. M "[P'""^^^^'. ^'"• Canada are admittedly superior to all others inAmerir^^^ Maritime Provmces the United States, the West Indies and So uth AmeS arV hr ?"" ^^em, the markets it salmon, cod, mackerel, herring, and shad fi herL i„ ll m^^'^ f^PP^^^d. The fin- i sight of the shores o New Brunswick an J he? tl^T^ '"" ^' prosecuted with- Jmon. The value of the fisheries oThi; Province ha" wU^'i^t'e IT ""'' ''^ ^"^ lubled, and last year amounted to over $4,oooX ^"^"".'he last six years almost The principal river is the St. John, which is 450 miles in length, and flows through the Province for a distance of 225 miles. It is navi- gable for steamers of large size eighty four miles from the sea to Predericton ; and the steamers run- ning between St. John and Freder- icton almost equal in magnificence those splendid boats that ply on the great American rivers. Above Fred- ericton steamers ply to Woodstock, about seventy miles further; and' when the water is high, make occa- sional trips to Tobique, a further distance of fifty miles, sometimes reaching Grand Forks, a distance of 220 nniles from the sea. The Mira- niichi is a large river, navigable for vessels of 1,000 tons for twenty five miles from its mouth ; for schooners twenty miles further, and above this point It IS further navigable for sixty miles for ton boats. The Resti- gouche is a noble river, three miles wide at its mouth at the Bay of Chaleur, and is navigable for large vessels for eighteen miles. This CSet;lr"°^^^'^°""ft.'"r'^" andotl^i^^^ie^S^^S otr^lT It is said ?h^J nTI "'" '^1^ R'^l^'bucto, the Petit-Codiac and the St. Croix In to nn™ li ,^^ Brunswick has the greatest number of miles of railway in nronor The educational facilities of New Brunswick as pl'«"' h'"** ''''""" «'• !ian wgwams, surrounded by a high palisade ^"^ '"'' "''' '"^ ^^^^^^^^on of •our^:"F?eXS^^^^^^ ^^ut in .630 Charles Amadar de ;uiid a fort at the mouth of the'r/ohn'r • r^'^^T ihen""' °^^*-f '^- '^°«^'d f on.s 200 feet square, with 24 guni. La Tour lived ^^ completed comprised four !e retmue of servants and retainers He traZ Ur . "-"• [°'",'"'''"y ^-'ars, keeping a .0 .noose skins being brought in from "he unne s f.'l^ ""'^ '^' ^"^'^"«' '^■'^ "''' "X as yelr, besides large numbers of beaver LaTour h^i ^ " ^""^ "' tributaries in a single P«.K.nofbisland by a double SL from the cotparTr"\'^^^^^ '''"^ ^^''-^ a William Alexander, the grantee of Ja.«es I, of EnXd ^ ""^ ^""^ ^'■'^"•='-^' '''"^ ^o'" Sir U^clysiJJJo/Se'LJV^h'Viil^l'^LS;'' ^^--^d'^^nded herself against a She at last surrendered on honoX t™ &^^^^ 'y? '' '^"^ head of htr men hMKcd all the garrison-EngliranS F en 'h .n ''"^u''"'"''" ^is solemn pledge, a^id m., and he also compelled ^lad^me SrSv S X'.'hT ^' ^''T' '° '->' ' -'hanl' b«:a witness to the murder of her hn«KnnH' ? ' " ^ Salter round her own neck fn ogXcadia. "Her great £t w^'b^en S^^:'- '"^us, says Hannay, th "l" ^ja^ f<#uncs she had been so faithful and could smr. T''^'"'^ ^'""^ ^er husband to who"" a fiptive like herself. She felt her wo k i„ it ^ ''°P.^ '° '^^ his face again, except at captivity. So she faded dSy by day un° 1 her hLf' ^Tf'/°^ ^'^e was%ot' bor? fo -njhree weeks from the tin^ she SnSd JS c^Zr.^ief! ? ^"^'^ "^"^"^^"'. -"^ Jh^hanks of the St. John which she loved so ^TandttSe^": ^d Sit / s J^li;^ -n/rsH'oit orhteXm^-^'i^J iStdf "^°" ^^^ ^- -^ --hlish. .0 which the subsequent loss of Acadia bv the Fr^n.h ^'? ^''Pended, an act of folly caused the fortifications to be razed demolished fhK "^^^ ^^ '''''"g^'y attributed. He md everything else of a portable chiaeTr t iSt Roval'I't Tt """^' ''''''y '^e gun^ md .lesolate as it had been nearly a century before nrevinnf" "^.k" "^' "°^ ^« ^^^'^^'-'d ykep silence fell upon the place which was ,inhrnrri° ""e arrival of Champlain •*r,pts which were'made by the F ench to S rJe'.?"^' '''''■ ''"'^e persfstent ly neglect of the advantages of St. John °vhere nature hn?T "' ^?''- ^">'^' '''"^ the f city should be erected, are things which mavJnev^,> °^'''°"' ^ '"'^"^^^ that a |le French occupation of Acadia. If Fohn ^^v- T '"'P"^^' '""^ d"""*^ the rac cuauition. ~" •' '*'*'=' F='"gressed a smgie step towards its J» CITY OF ST. JOHN. In 1749, after the close of the war between France and I'.ngland. a French olli was sent froiii (Quebec with thirty men to (Kciipy the o'd fort. Once more its nnii bastions, which had been deserted for close on half a century, were occupied by ariih nun, and the colors of Krancj again waved omt tiiem. In the following year arose ii bastions of the strongest fort yet ere( ted in Acadia, the grim and formidable Heausejiii: The i-'rench continuing theii fortifications it was hnally resolved by the Uritish authoritii in Massachusetts and Nova .Scotia to dispossess them. .An expedition was firgani/.ed New England by (".overnor Shirley, consisting of about 2000 men, and plaied under il command of Colonel Monckton. They sailed from Itoston in May, 1755, in 36 veshii including three frigate.s, and in June arrived off I'ort lieausejour, which'at the end (d fortnight capitulated. In the summer of 1758, three ships of war and two trans[)iir with two regiments, one of Highlanders, and the other of Provincial troops, on boar : tEMPLE: :SaiSt:Jowi:W:B: IMtiatahwathrinBtccu.. were despatched from Boston to occupy the St. John River. .After desperate fightim^ which both sides lost heavily, the French were entirely driven from this neighborhood. The autumn of 1759 was distinguished by one of the most violent gales of win that ever was known in these latitudes. The damage done was immense, whole fore were blown down ; the tide rose several feet above its ordinary level and all the dvt were destroyed. A considerat)le part of Fort Frederick at St. John was washed away. The cutting of spars on the River St. John was a prominent branch of indiis: among the early settlers, an(5 the settlements continued to grow in population. In i; St. John became a port of entry. The tonnage which entered the harbor that year amoui ed to 144 tons, and the vessels which cleared amounted to 165 tons. The year 1783 was the most memorable of any in the history of St. John, for it v the year of the landing of the Loyalists, who may be well reuarded'as the actual found olilic city, j^. lined iiph wi yal cau.st teai' 'if t r pcijMjti of conf se indee ch build ired of ri| lir very d( tury had the rash Early ir iiricnced, v«|,srls arrive may. '755. '» 3^> vc •, whicli at tlie end ■ war and two trans] » incial troops, on l)n,i itttiiWMt>gircBtccli,-.-i r desperate fighting 1 this neighborhood t violent gales of win: nimense, whole fore level and all the dyki n was washed away. :nt branch of indus; population. In i" arbor that year amoir IS. ■of St. John, for it i'as the actual found' Ahecly rhewnr between Creat Hritain and he, colonists was over, and the latter m Kamed heir independence. Had they been wise they would have em ered thei A.nph wuh n,oderat.on ; thev would have encouraged those who hud espoused thJ gu. cause to remain and as.siM m building up the new nation which they hid founded 2 f^.?' r ^"'""y"''' o"^- »f the most stupendous acts <,f short sighted folly «|. pc vetrated by a people 1 hey passed edicts of banishment against the i.ersons, and a^ ...„n.>s,ation against .' e est..,e8, of the Loyalists. They drove them out. poorTn rS 1 f 7y ' ",''' *."^ "''•'" ^^''''^'* ^"""'^ =»"'' "leir energies stimulated with hjn ' ot republicanism; they drove them out 70,000 strong, to build up a rival na ion at iS , vltT* '"h^"?"" "'* '■"'""'""iti'-'-^ in "ritish America, destined to grow before a f^ .^J^l f'r'V.!"'" ' great dominion, which might never have had an Existence but fOf iiie rash folly of this persecution. I Karly in the spriri^ of ,78.} the emigration of the F.oyalists from the United States COBnnenced, and the first ship had arrived at St. John on the loth of May wl He twlmv v«v.ls arrived before the .§th of the same month, on which day a gSltnding wis S^ ;■ li.lur;'f"S r ^''? .'""l^ '^ '^^ '^'-'*-'"^^' '"^^•"'-•'-•'*' ^^ '^e retoUed colo ? The ^ f L ''•'''' m"" ""i^ '^' '''"'■'^''' ""'^ •"^■" ^ho had held high otfi. cs under the old ord. of thmgs ,n New England and New York. • mie had fought through the war n S 'Vu^Tr ""T' f."*^ ^" '"^■"'^'^'1 •" «"« «""'"°" "'in I'rom^nent amoiu tij. was Chjef Justice Ludlow, of the Supreme Court of New York ; Judge Uph." S ^ been a Colonel of dragoons; Judge Allen, who had been Cobnel of inTlntry regiinent ; Beverley Robinson, who had possessed large estates cm the Hudson ^ r.r.. r f.^ ."" y-" ' '' °"'y '^"'Wings at that time on the site of St. John, and the ^ ' are of the Loyalists was to provide shelter for themselves. Temporary sheds were -ii^rst erected and afterwards residences of a more substantial <:har.cter The fir^ flS cSl'm SmmZT'%°' ''°°° '"^^"^'-^ '° ^'^- >»^"' ^" 'hat the task of pro idi'g «.oM nr vL^ .u " '^"^ '° T "J '"'' "° '''K'^' ""'^- '^^«'-' ""'"I'^^rs al.so arrived in se was at first named Parrtown, in honor of him ^^'""'' ^""^ ^'• I he first winter .spent by the new settlers was a severe one, and many died In \2: \' t' f^' "'f V'""'' ''^'"^''^'^ '^y fi^^' ^hich have bee; so dmruc veio St John, took place. In the same year a scow, or tow-boat was built to ply between Parr >vick''\?rTfc^?1^'^''^''^^f'^^°"".'■""^ °f '^' new Province of New Bruns- Loy;.l,sts Carleton^amved, and received a most enthusiastic welcome from the On the rith October, 1785, the first number of the J?oya/ Gazette and Neii, Rru„. .W.../„.. was published at St. John, this being the firi wSyparef S^t^^^ Brunswick. The first Parliament of the Province met in St iS^n on the Jd ' ary 1786, in the "Mallard House" ; the number of acts passed aUhi" first sissiol sixty-one, and they will compare favourably with those of any session hekls nee thin r 790 the population of St. John was estimated at about one thousand. In .70, when i^rokeout between Oreat Britain and France, a Provincial Vi..Ju.J^:.}^^^ 34 CITY OF ST. JOHN. raised in New Brunswick, of which Governor Carleton was Colonel, and Beverley Roiiir son, l.icut. Colonel. In May, 1794, occurred the highest freshet ever known in the St. John. In Jim H.R.H. Prince Kdward, Duke of Kent, the father of our Queen, visited the Frovinc where he was received in a most royal manner. A further proof of the patrioti.sm of t! l)eople of New lirunswick w.is exemplified in 1798, when they made a voluntary coir hutifHi of over $15,000 to the military chest. In 1801, the famous St. John doj; tax .1 Itoman Catholic Church, St. John, N.B. was passed, the money realized therefrom to he for the support of the poor IniHcii the [ uhhc (Jrammar Sc-hool in St. John was incorporated and the College of New Bnir^ wick established at I'Vedericton. There was also a public fast this year; the crops iJ largely failed owing to early frosts. The freedom of the city of St. John was votc.l Lord Siietfieid for the services he had rendered the trade of the country The (fi MayorofSt. John wasMr. Gabriel G. Ludlow, who died in 1808. .ind who h.ad !.« 'resider ling ik; ick Fei ogiiuei \Vh 10 to I In ; le [)urpi Igs wcrt ints 1)1 lostly di tsited b; B20, the icreased .'\no rovince oiiiity b In 1 ten coni irated, a ./ell St. ^mberoi #0. In tei tile vail ^se on 2 § August eutenan f In 18 1»|s establi df.striictivt fmed do' In 18, ried rou ustrial ng esi,e( ;oi)cned, iiiiUain b In Ocl is is stre en the ti IS in, it f If tide. ' is structii tynolds. lined th( Iders unti In Sepi led by I, In 185. r the wati ■e enlarge Iding was new line TO the r, !r the en( HISTORICAL RKVIEW. )nel, and Beverley Rolii n the St. John. In Jim leen, visited tlie Proviiu of of the [)atriotism of i! ' made a voluntary con; lous St. John don tax a ^n rt of the poor. In i8(| e College of New Bn:i] this year; the crops , of St. John was voted I the country. The fil 1808, and who had 35 [resident and Commander-in-Chief of the Province, from ,u ~o ^^ ^ ,f.ing pointed to a war between Creat IrLin and the Ini^ ^Z 1°^' J" l^' ' ''''^- rick i-encibles were in this year gazetted a His M Lw. ^"' f ' ^''"^.t^'^- ''-" New Hruns- egimentof the line ; and on th^- tsi of Ort ,.1 ^s^^^^^^ °^ ' '^'-'«"':""' "'^' ^'''' <^'"'""'^'' When the war broke out n ,8?, La' -f" ''''' l"-"'-'''>ini^''l -^ free port. )o to His MajestyTdeW of tl e'Prnvin '"''T'^ appropriating the sum of ^.o,- ily ^6,000. ^ ""' ^ '"^'"'^'' *'^"^' 'his too when the total reveniiJwas In 1817, the first brick house was erected in Se i,,!,., j .e purpose of establishing a national sdloo' Durfng ' ;, r n/onsls'.r'r'";'''" »gs were l.^rought down the St. John from above (Irand F is ^a ■ ,u f,;! r '^ ants began to arrive inconsiderable numbers In h m- ,i, this time immi- lostly disbanded soldiers, landed in St loin At e . n '''f'T ^'°°° ","'"'«•■'■^"'■'^' Isited by a tremendous storm which wrrk,^ mo. , ' 'f t'^'Mcar, the city was ^20, the Bank of New ru V^ k w. est^^^^^ 'T'k '" "'f ''•'^•■''""^- I" W^'-^'h- f e^ed ; the first cargo o/Ss be;;;^srIo'5JSar^tn' S.f^'^ "^ "^ ^^'^^^ -'"'«>• tovm::^:^ ^z^ ;S tSn;;^ r Lirr'^ '" ''■ /^'i- ^ ^'^^ "- ~ -^ '»- founty being close on ,3 000 ' '' ^^''^'^' ^^"^ PoP"lation of St. John .n conunj^SiirSm tliri;; ;£.'x ?;' .'i'^v^^^ r-^-'^"^^^' ^-^^ '^- ^ )rated, and a Board of Health formed n die c t v T,/t" ^^ ^''^^^Jompany was incor- bltfell St. lohn, nearly the whole Zhe I .in t ^; / . ^"""^''V' ''^'"' ''' i^'''^^ ™'^"»ity nfaniber of houses dtit oyed was /. an b-H . '" 1 "'' ''''^ ''"'"">^' '"'"^^"^ ''«^^"- '''h' Jo In Angus, .839, ^lis \Sy £Ss "^rs^r. i''"'f V' ^^^°>- tithe value of ^200,000 was destroyed In Vs.. tl, ■' ^' '^' ''''"''' Property d|)se on 20,000 In March -8 ., X. '^40 the population of the h,l; while |eutenant-(;over.L with a suit Scot ^^^ •""''" ^^^'''"" ^^''^'^ Presented by the luistrial Ivxhibition was hd UmdTt k a spicxs o?th?M ./," ^^I'^^"''-' '^S., the first bfing esi-ecially erected for the inirnL; A^l I Mechanics' Institute, a building 'f.pened, the water being turned Sn at a1 iH^nn'T'" K"^'^' '''''' '''''^' ''''^ <■<"•'"- funtain by the Lieut-Sti '''^''" ^'^ "^'^ '^*''>-^"-' '-^"^ at King's Square I In October, 1851, the suspension bridge across the St rnhn p;„>, lis IS stretched over the falls which nn..l fi •' • '^*-'^^''''''' ™'"'"^'n^w • ^cn the tide is out the water 111 , fS^^Stotlo'hnrl '""■". '7 "^ ^'^"'"« ^'°''^ -•'•y^' f^' ^t ^^iS !s% tt XSS -r"~e ^-rti- ^enlarged and irr^^:^';:^:''^ ^^^'"^ ^ll ^™^-"J ''- --'i^ Ddmg was secured for an Orphan Asylum In Man'h 8 ,1 V . '" >'''•■"■ ''''"' " -"" '- ■' railwav was nut in motion before •'-.^.^'"''' ^"'' ''''-''' ^'"«'"^' "" new line of ere ^^d i-oilc- *,»««,: — .. . 1 eral thousand uonuh ..^e.nu. ™,e -,„„ s.fjojr.o-MonZ-n,, A'.^rr.t^^L'r ran city 36 CITY OF ST. JOHN. The Centenary Church, St. John, N.B. was honored by a visit from H.R.H. the Prince of Walts, who received a Royal salute and address, and who wa^ escorted for a mile to the residence of the late Mr Chipman, the city being profu.sely decorated for the (k casion. The first Provincial Exhibition was held in October 1867, and in the same year was erected the Wiggins Mai Orphan Institution, at a cost of $80,000. Thus :r all directions the city steadily progressed and prosperci till we come to the ill-fated year of 1877, which proved - disastrous to St. John. On the afternoon of Wednesday, the 20th June, fire broke out at York Point, Portland, and in less tli.i an hour's time the city was in flames at a dozen point- The firemen were checkmated at every turn by the fieri North-west winds which was blowing a gale, and the buili ings went down as if razed by gunpowder. The lir only stayed where the water limit was reached, and thorn It lasted but nine hours, yet two-fifths of the city wa laid in ashes-- 16 12 houses were levelled — 200 acn destroyed— 2700 families, and 1 3,000 people were renden homeless. The loss was upwards of $27,000,000, with a insurance of about $7,000,000. This was a night long to be remembered by tho who witnessed it. But this indomitable people were n dismayed, for the ashes were scarcely cool before tlk „ , commenced their business again in extemporized shanti -m vaults-under every conceivable kind of shelter, which the ingenious shiftiness Acadian versatility could suggest. Though only a little o-er ten years ago St. John rebuilt with many handsome buildings, which are splendid specimens of architecture these prominent mention must be made of the Custom House, said to be equal to ', other structure of the kind in America, the Post Office, the City Building, the Co, Market, the Provincial Lunatic Asylum, the Public General ..-— -— ^ Hospital, while the Masonic Temple is a handsome, substan- tial edifice ; and St. John can boast of as many and as fine churches as any city of its size on the continent. In the year 18 14 ground was broken for St. Andrew's Church, the present edifice having been erected at a cost of $65,000 after the great fire. The original Trinity Church was the oldest church in St. John, swept away by the fire It has been replaced by a fine edifice of stone, at a cost of $56,000, with a handsome spire, 210 feet in height. The church has splendid stained glass windows, a fine organ, and a chime of bells. In its .steeple is the "town clock." The Roman Catholic Cathedral on Waterloo street is a large Gothic building in .sandstone and marble, simple and severe in style with a handsome spire, and adorned with rich stained glass,' the sum of $200,000 having been expended on it. St' David's Presbyterian Church arose out of the disruption of the free and established churches of Scotland in 1843 ; the pre- sent edifice, which is on Sidney Street, was put up after the fire at a cost of $40,000. The Public School and private Educational resources of the city are of the highest order. At the present time there are about 5,000 children attending the various public schools. St. Andrew'n Church. St. John, N.B. In St. le census t which al> St. Job [sed by the )undant ar H. the Prince of Walts, 1 address, and who wa> ience of the late Mr y decorated for the oc n was held in October, ected the Wiggins Mnli f $80,000. Thus ir grossed and prosj)erL(; 1877, which proved s^ sday, the 20th June, : tland, and in less thii- mes at a dozen point- ;very turn by the fieri ag a gale, and the buili . gunpowder. The lir as reached, and thoui, -fifths of the city wtr e levelled — 200 a( n 00 people were rendtu of $27,000,000, with n remembered by thd nitable people were n rcely cool before thi 1 extemporized shanti ingenious shiftiness ■ years ago St. John nens of architectun, aid to be equal to ai .' Building, the Couii ■ HISTORICAJ. Rl,, lEW. 37 nv Brunswick, Hank of British Nnr?h a ^ o'"''^' J'"'''"'' "^ey are the Hank of otia, and the kahfax Hanking Co ''''"'' ^""'^ °^ ^""'^'^''^'' ^^''^ "^ ^'-a J'roduce of Foundries, .Vc $2,62 1,365 Cars and Locomotives. . . 648,910 Wrought .Stone ,'/, 2 13,5°° Carriages. . , ' oS.o''4 Hoots and Shoes .....'. Furniture Clothing ' Ships Soa]) 98,200 507,51'; 164,600 229,230 414,032 1 19,000 St. Darid'.'^ Church, St. John, N.li. 4eci"su^ite',4V?hJirrfi^^^ ''"'''°>'"' '" "^^" fisheries was stated by If which al>out 3s'ot tr^sM";!;ker"^'"^' '""'''''^"y "^'--"«« -^ «-P pereaux. St. Andrew')! Church. St. John, N,B. Un« place( ^ere are h tons denon schools, an< It has s ]^rds and Mi:turing e t0n mills w |me 300 h 1 Taken t( |hn and 1 ntre of p fportant iritinie P Jattheprt Id rapidly HISTORICAL REVIEW. linll kM t£3 iiff SI m 'oil - ^1 m DLT; 1C??0 liii n 39 PORTLAND. land, a, i, w,, ,hc„ JoJ, had a l"lSi™ V , "'I"' '" '*"■ '" l'»'»'' <" l'»«- th„ »as increased to is.jrf In ,8, ,™li° ,, ''5°° '""T"' "' "" '■<■■«"» °f '8S| Portland was incorimraled a. a town and. n^M, "•■" ",'"■■ '" ""■■ l-'-K^l'lnro, and INDIANTOWN. Indiantown, a division of Port- Ind, is a l)usy, stiring place, owiiiR i the nver trade, and here, by the '#nerosity of Mr. Tennedy, has lEcn erected a handsome drinking f untain. Like St. John, Portland fifls suffered grievously from fires, m Phceni.x like, she has risen tri- ttniphant from her ashes, and the new buildings, in all cases show a -leat unprovement on those destroy- «. Portland has a well equipped hlic library, also an art gallery rnd lodel School. The electric light was placed on the streets in 1881; • fere are handsome churcht of var- f us denominations, forty-one public «hools,and upwards of 2,500 pupils. ^ it has saw mills, foundries, ship »rds and various important manu- f|.-lunng enterprises, including cot- tfn mills which give employment to f me 300 hands, cordage work.s, etc. I aken together, the cities of St. hn and Portland, form the largest ^ntrc of population, and the most •^portant business centre in the antime Provinces, whose prosper- f at the present time is well assured |d rapidly progressing. enutay i„;„lc,i,y foMUain, Imliunlowu, N. B. A RKVIEW OF THE LEADING INDUSTRIAL AND MERCANTILE ESTABLISHMENTS OK THE CITY OF ST. JOHN, INCLUDING BRIEF BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES OF PROMINENT MEN Henry J. Thorne,Eaq., Mayor of St. J ohu. —The City of St. John owes so much of her present importance to the wise and e.Ktended policy of her civic authorities, that, in the course of compiling the present volume, it has been deemed consistent with tlie object of this work to give a short biogra- phical sketch of the life of the present mayor. The position of Mayor is a time honoured one, as well as a,n impoi'tant one, he being the head of the locai judicature, and the executive officer of the munici- pality. The first Mayor of London was appointed in 1189, and all municipal boroughs are now repre- sented by a chief magistrate under the title of Mayor. Occupying a conspicuous position in com- mercial circles, and all progressive measures which give promise of practical and beneficial results, the suljject of this sketch, though averse to public notice, cannot, with justice to this record, be omitted from mention, devoted to the active pur- suits, and those associated therewith, of this city. Mr. Henry J. Thome was bom at Fredericton, in this Province, Feb. 20, 1842 ; he was educated at the Collegiate School of that city, and, in 1864, he entered the firm of J. & P. Burpee, Iron and Hard- ware Merchants, of St. John, as clerk. The busi- ness conducted was both wholesale and retail, and, in 1870, in conjunction with Mr. William Kerr, i.c ^ — qi.w .,..., » «,, f^^^ftr- ff-^ tMiit.tr Tr liiiaiii Street, wiiinh was successfully carried on till the big fire of 1877, when Messrs. Burpee retired fior,] business, selling out to the firm of which MeKsr* ■ Thomas Clarke, H. J. Tliorne, William Kerriui:] R. C. ''"lorne were members; the last name. J retired m 1885, and the wholesale and rckj business is now carried on by the first thieei Mr. Henry Thorne was a member of the John School Board for three years, 1885-6-7, ii&fi was elected Mayor at the last election. He belou -ol to several societies, is a Master Mason, Royal Anaff Mason, a member of the Royal Arcanum, a Knitlo Templar, and is Worthy Chief Templar for Keia Brunswick of the Temple of Honour and Temptrf ance. Mr. Thorne takes an active Interest iati church matters, and from 1880 to 1886 was Supela intendent of the Centennary Methodist Sumhw School, and he is also a Trustee of that ChuniJa Mr. Thorne is an active, progressive man, forila most in enlightened advocacy of all practical puljib* improvements and measures which are likely tk benefit his fellow citizens ; he is possessed of shreugna business abililty, and in the high position he li^ti^ : been called upon to fill, he discharges the duties inq his office with dignity to the chair, with credit ;k$ : himself, and with general satisfaction to all cool cerned. -^ Mrs. James nicConnell, Importer of ac^ dealer in Boots, Shoes and Rubbers, 15 King .St-iii Mrs. James McConnell is a lady of remarkai.ii enterprise, and possesses excellent executive mH business abilities. The business now carried on 1 this lady was established by her late husband ; 1865, and aft«r hia death, wliich occurred in ISV his widow has since carried it on, having succeedej in giving a very material impetus to the traiia The store is eligibly situated on King Street, aor IS very spacious and commodious, being 25 x ]'i feet in dimension; . with plate glass fronts. lU stock is heavy and well assorted, comprising ladif* gents', boys' and misses' fine and coarse boots arte shoes and slippers, ball and fancy slippers, lauM tennis boots, rubbers, over-shoes, etc., includintj general assortment of all kinds of boots, shod and slippers, including dolls' ware. A specialty I made of Ifishermen's and lumbermen's boots, ilri McConnell being the only one in St. John handlii* this class of goods. She imports rubbers, ladiei and children's fine boots and shoes, also the " Ih gola " and " Burt " button boots from the Unih States. Mrs. McConnell is an exclusively oaJ buyer, and coupled with her intimate kuowledl of the wants of the trade, she enjoys superH facilities which enable her to carry on the busing most advantageously. Her trade is a very laitj one, being both city and country ; but she has a| customers throughout New Brunswick and Noi Scotia. Her trade is steadily increasing, and i— « one will deny the credit which belongs to oflE wnom, by incuviiiual uud well-directed eftbrts.j — flourishing trade has been built up. ^D MERCANTILE REPRKSENTATIVK BUSINESS MEN. 4« PROMINENT MEN. Messrs. Burpee retired fion I the firm of which Messrs Tl\orne, William Kerr iinc members ; the last nanio; the wholesale and rek ied on by the first thra ^as a member of the S:^ ■ three years, 1885-6-7, iimft he last election. He beloii.oi . Master Mason, Royal An e Royal Arcanum, a Knigk, hy Chief Templar for Nhj pie of Honour and Temper akes an active interest ia| ■om 1880 to 1886 was Supe] tennary Methodist Sunda a Trustee of that Chun ive, progressive man, fort, rocaoy of all practical publl asures which are likely '^ IS ; he is possessed of shre»( n the high position he In he discharges the duties to the chair, with credit U ral satisfaction to all coijj Connelly Importer of a* md Rubbers, 15 King .Stii 1 is a lady of remarkal* es excellent executive m business now carried on t d by her late husband i h, which occurred in ISS riediton, having succeedf.. rial impetus to the tradq iited on King Street, aoi )mmodious, being 25 x ¥4 h plate glass fronts. Tt,' issorted, comprising laili: ' fine and coarse boots ar and fancy slippers, lav ver-shoes, etc., including all kinds of boots, sh lolls' ware. A specialty id lumbermen's boots, il y one in St. John handli e imports rubbers, ladii and shoes, also the " 1) on boots from the Uni all is an exclusively i'l,, li lier intimate knowledtl rade, she enjoys super er to carry on the busin Her trade is a very lai country ; but she has a, "ew Brunswick and No beadily increasing, and i^^ it which belongs to ojB id well-directed efforts, n built up. f Hn, t , ^K*^"!,'*''u""' Wholesale and Re- I Boot , ,u hhoe Merchants. I!) King .Street - kbhshed m 1840, the well known house „f J^tis .1 V aughan is one of the commercial land- ifl\r '• 'iT-5 ^i"* "'"** ""'"'l '-•ommercial itufons ,n the C.ty of .St. -lohn. It was fo.inded Ihe above year by M. Francis, who continued ftr-ry on the Imsmcss as an individual oon..ern 1 the year 18 i;., when he associated with him two sons, H L an.I M. W. Fi'ancis. In 187?^ Ifounder M. VV. Francis, retired fro.n th^ ^.ess,and Mr. H. L. Francis associated wHh I Air. J. K. \aughan, who had, for a m-tiber ^ars previously been a clerk in the estaoli.h- t. Up to the retirement of the Messrs. Francis ho„He was extensively engaged in the mam hie of boots and shoes, which was abandoned fc.e adnuss.on of Mr. Vaughan, an.I aSexX V mercantile business is now carried or'e". I'lg the manufacture of men's and boys' coarse i a substantial and ..pacious four storey brick Iture beinga, x 100 feet in dimennionVwith # plate glass windows in front. 'J'he stock tan.r:!er'H""''r" '^«°'-*^''»- -n-^'^tsof ■s an.i gents hue and coarse boots and shoes tenms shoes, long boots, wiu warns, etc., there i t fu hues of „K,ts and she ,f e«-;ry descrip ! I Ins firm import largei .nd direct, 3 | Iw •?!• """'''''* '" ^^-i"'' they deal, excet. [1 fachtics, being principally cash buy;rs!an'd ' ^s ng a comprehensive knowledge of the ma" ^n.l of tlie requirements of the tr.-vde. Em- i nent IS given to eight hands, and the large rhoH, wh^ '■*" ' '''"■'^'' °" '■" I»'inoipally local! fc botli wholesale and retail. Messrs. Francis iughan arc natives of St. .John. Thev are ietic, enterprising, anri thorough men of bus'' InlZr^'T^r ""'' -^t-i-ightforward ,lealings llti'on ' " ^"'''*P'-'^'»'l ««d enviable sell his homo and foreign p-o.Iucts on a very small --'argin. He imports lamllswool iind. rwZ li 1 i aud shir ings Iron, (ireat Britain : tierne^k wear and notions from the Unit<„l States .ml gloves John s ncc*^^i7?''°*[?''''' '^"'' ''"" '•*^'''''«'' '» '^t- , B. Tcimnnt. .Shirt Manufacturer louts' Furniaher. 6;i Charlotte Street -As an ■tionof the industrial and mercantile enter .e accent r '" *'" ^''*y "f «*• '^"h". ^hich , IwE! '''.>P!""^*""« '^''"''«* the entire 1 lovinces, that in wliich Mr. R. R Ten i >s engaged is an excellent example. ' This ' "nan T>egan business in 187,3. and by well ' '^l energy and perseverance has succeeded in I i.ning a trade which is now one of the insti- fs of the city. Mr. Tennant occupies eligTble ses on Charlotte Street, to which he^has .!> moved, and which are specially a.lapted fnisZl'T'"-' °^ •'*' '""'""^^" KnfployS fu shed to nine competent ha.uL, who are It in the manufaccure of shirts. Mr. Tennant .efiijst to establish the. hirt -.usiness in the Tl i V« *l«"'ys goaranteed, and a more sub- hv L,v fT "'f^ garment is not manufa<;- b.v any otlier house on this continent. The cal experienc... of over thirty-one years has , .^.1 p I "' ''"*' °* «*"''«' fu-nishings is '"e , of which a specialty is made, and Us ClOHM lilivin,. 1.1 4.1.? .. ' ^ -_.„.. ,^p t,,[. gcuucmau to most successful and enterprising firms in St John Messrs. Holmaii k Rutchor are deservin?/of\iot oe I88.>, and fi-om prosecuting their business on f,ir and generous Hues, with which they have "om e ttsrvftrtrh**^''"'^^.'?'"' '^"^'■P-'^ 1^! tV "^'u'^ '■"^ ''''''" '"'"t "P. extending as it does, throughout the Maritin.e Provinces Thev 56'lP.^.rr"^'"' commodious prem ses at ^i" .>() King .Street, comprising a four storv b.-i, I I structure, .20 X 100 feet in .Timensions they Ire on ^flh.'Pf'' •^°'' '^'. '"."^^ "-'vantageous carTyh g on of the I.usiness, including electric liaht and Int. Ez:j°i /■,";"""■*•'■ '"'k '"""" inder^^^ji^^t L e^L^i::'^^"':^; "^^s ir wTFrlTert' ^''T ""''"*^ -dSow pS. Mr. VV. -J. I'raser began business in 1885 anH K., tegri'ty tTr *", '\' P"""^'?'-^ of l,ul" « £ tWos^acytfagetrt^rm^rdt" '""'' ^ study of the wantsTh^s'rtl^l'a^L^nX* i=o^Sr|-— ii- '^ FrLe- Irf iZ' a" P''''""««« occupied by Mr *rase, are Jarge and commodious, beinir 25 v m feet m dimensions, with plate gkss front Th^ 4a CITY OF ST. JOHN. nno tweoila, woollen, .liaj{oiial mid corkscrew cloths for tttilonng purposes. Mr. Kriiser ImportH tailoring olotlis froii) Knglaml, aii.l eelluloi.l troo.ls from the United States. He is an cxclu»ively caMh buyer, and the facilities he enjoys in the iiiiirkets in which he deals are such that he can, at all times offer special inducements to customers in price and (juahty ■){ goods. Mr. Fraser, who is a native of ht. John, is a gentleman highly esteemed in the community, heing a thoiougli and most icliahlo man of business. He is an Oddfellow, and a pro- minent member of St. David's Presbyterian (Jhurch. Daniel A Boyrt, Importers of Biitish and Foreign Dry Coods, Market S(|ua.e.- IdentiHed with the (iry goods trade of .St. John, Messrs. Daniel & Hoyd are the most prominent and enter- pnsmg. This house was established in 1.SM2 by .i'.T**u J^""'*^'' who carried on the business until 1847, when he was succeeded by Mr. T. NV. Daniel who, in 1852, associated with him Mr. .John Boyd' trading under the style and firm of Daniel &, Tioyd' They occupy extensive premises on Market S(;uare and Prince William Street, comprising three build- ings, of brick and stone, four and a-half storeys in height, being 100 x 120 feet in dimensions.' In the froni; are large plate glass windows, and the premises are tastefully fitted up and fully eciuipped for the purposes of the business. The stock Ci, -iieirector of the Bank of New Bninswick, a position which he has held since lS5(i Mr. Boyd was born in Antrim, Ireland, and has been resident in St. John since 1834 He is a Member of the Senate of Canada, Chairman of the Board of School Trustees, and is prominently identihed with many public corporations. Both gentlemen are thorough and representfitive men of business, enjoying the confidence and esteem of the eommunity, both socially and otherwise of Taylor A I.,ogBn ; but, in the following year V' Logan retired. Mr. Taylor continued ti> cany the business alone until IK7I, when he associate with him Mr. J. F. Dockrill. Spacious and , ; modiDus premises are occupied by this firm n prising a three story brick structure, 20 x lid ■ in dimensions. The store is splendidly iittr I and 18 admirably arranged for the purposes nt • bugiiicss, bein^ fully e(|uippe(l in every respect eluding electric light and plate glass front T store IS supplieil with a carefully selected i choice arsortment of goods at low and p(,n„' prices. It comprises the choicest teas, t(,il,, spices, sugars, canned goods, foreign and don,,, fruits, pickh», farm and dairy produce \ii soap, white wine vinegar, Havana cigars! . h tobaccos, nn.l a tine lino of family groceries provisions. 'I'his (inn import direct, cigar.n i Havana, virgin soap from France, white « vinegar from Antwerp- whicli are made speci,,]' of, and other (joods from England and the fi, htates. The facilities enjoyed by this firm in- market are unexcelled, and thi.y carry ci, inimense business extending throughout tlir : iinnion. Mr. Taylor, who was a native of Ird, 18 dead, and Mr. Dockrill, who continues tin I ness, IS a native of St. John. He is an en. , and enterprising gentleman, and his method 'lomg business has secured him the esteem , cor :de,nce of all with who-n business rclat bring iiim in contact. IroWl irkors a of the Fyear by llfW' given provcme iridiers o brand ong tho* •k of th gent thful •■w. prodiic right ilea In built t; r. employ (feet in ili k buildi plumbi with th :tiual sh( lis of tin, at all ti fpcr and •|) assuring indication of our material prosperity the fact that it is constantly growing gives cio; for congratulation. Among those prominer Identihed with this trade in St. John is Mr. Mvi A. Everett. This gentleman began busines.s ti.. years ago, and possesses a comprehensive kci ledg^ of It, being energetic iuid most reliable in his dealings. He occupies premises at No. !Kl K .Street, which comprise a four story brick struota -0 X 60 feet in dimensions, the store being ta with large plate glass windows. The interi. ■ admirably fitted up and arranged, so that, Imsuiess can be carried on to the best advantiji A large and excellent assortment of goods is carrt comprising the choicest embossed, fancy and i ' W'all paper, window blinds, paints, oils, varnii glass, painters' supplies, etc. Mr. Everett iniixi almost exclusively, from the cheapest and markets in England, the United States and Can In addition, Mr. Everett also manufactures r window blinds, which are in increasing dem Employment is furnished to six hands, and a ' city and jobbing trade is carried on which i< stantly growing. Mr. Everett, who was bo St. John, IS a member of the Sons of Temper He IS ever ready to identify himself with good cause, *nd his sterling (|ualities are a ciated l)y the community, who repose in him esteem and confidence. W. Ken 7)!ln, Mr. K well asso Series, prov fectionery, I Kennedy i [, and teas, "ively cash enable hir coiitempoi Torth of It . 1847. H, [is highly es dnent Odd] of the lodj. Crawl hos and Org i1)lishment o To. 66, King bd in 1877 leeded by tl ^ is fitted u{ oner of music RliPRESKNTATIVK HUSINKSS MEN. 43 ut, in tho following year, 51: raylor contiiiucil to cany til 1H71, when he asaociatt >ockiill, (SpHL'iouH and ar I occupied hy this firm, i-,/ brick structure, 20 x W I. store is splendidly (ittcd nged for the puriroaes of i i|uipped in every respect,: and plate glass front. I ;h a carefully selected a: goods at low and popu! I the choicest teas, colli. goods, foreign and doiiK-: and dairy produce, vii, ligar, Havana cigars, cli. line of family groceries j. I import direct, cigars fr; from France, white tii -which are made speciiilt om Kngland aned including " Mans," " I'ehr Bros f, (\ - ' given to sanitary- aud'o^ic^p^C^r aln! 1 , 'r "" "' * ' V '"""'"" '-Kland;, ,.,.ri^ht brovcments: a ch«s of work undcK, by he "s„h^nnn Jr'"' ""^ "'"' V "-:'"""""' " pianos, Bnd)er» only. In .St. .John, us ndaht be (.xn,.L./l t, "'" "^^"^ . <"•«■"'«. '"id " .Mason k Hamlin " } branch ^f business is well "^p e :,S Imi .n^X".? li**'"' 'T',"'''^'' S ''^T ^"""'y "' '"^^^al ..ng those engage.I in it dc,ser^ inL of not/.; h I'l,;"""'"";-."'"' '.''« '^"^^ Tloinc," ami '■ Whit,. •■ tk of this kind'arc Messrs. Brotn ^ C ^l" r^ r>HvLT;:7''''w'V^ - " fese gentlemen began business in l«M4, and by Ltu fa . , I ."".''''"'" ''."•'';•% «ith the manu- |hful cxec„tu.n of all ord..rs entrusted to them ma ketL . {"^W-^ "nr.valled facilities in the 'production of first class work, and a fair ami ere Isina t^^^^^^^^ constantly in- ■.ght dealing, a large and flourishing tra le ".^ New I funsutk . '"« m * ''""*• """•'Kl'-.t ',.':"■ '»P'8'^!."K "mpl.yment to ^«ve con.r the,. 1^ 1' .'^^;. .'^.."'_'lV"''''"' *° -" the .same at out ., v — •' "^ "• uimuieu 10 sell the .same ut the most rea,,onable prices .Mr. (;rawfor ,!ls, prac.tical cxperieuco, and intimate knowledge of the piano an. organ, all instruments entniste.l to him receive skilful and thor.nigh treatimnt Vf. jtica. sheet inet;:r-;;:;;^i^eVs?m;3t:;,^^ 7i , 2::;:^;:i.i;:;^:f " " ''■ '•'"'■ «y^^"{^-^!^i la of tin, copper, and ianan war.- Th,.,/i '"""'"^s.y '","' P^''^evciance, courtcav, fair .md ,ri-.. at all timei'o'n han.l, rFid^ Hnt^of sitl'tT ^"i; ':* :'^''^''r''l"''"'''^'^'T'' '"-'"'pWh ■" ei- ami japan ware, piping tin. «heet \v*:.':' I^^SliSs luKto^sn '""'"'^''''"' 1 built up, giving omph.yment to «ve comne i; employees. Ihe premises oceupie.l are 15 k trh,,il ./""""v,""' ^"''?.""8 !""•' "f " tl'i-ee story bk building. Messrs. Brown .<: Co.lner, under ti? r/h'T." f "'•^'"•"■"Vh««. thoy fi upbuihl- per and japan ware, piping tin, sheet iron por, ec. and the facilities enjoyed by thhl 11. enable them to procure the same, on the most ■antageoua terms. Mr. Brown is a native o?Ht ... and Mr Co,ler of St .J..hn, Newfoumlland ■ing resi.le,l in St. John, N. B., since 1870 Both ;l.'men are practical, thorough men of business and II... highly esteemed in the community srell. Dealer in Wall \'a s, Varnishes, ainters' Supplies, | )m the cheapest and I I United States and Caul tt also manufactures nf are in increasing deiiJ ed to six hands, and a li is carried on which i.s j Kverett, who was burl >f the Sons of Tempeijj lentify himself with ' erling (jualities are i. y, who repoae in him I ..n.^^f"; ???*^?'^,* *^**" Man'-faoturers of Iron '^tcelCJut Nails, etc., Works, St. John N B and Coldbrook, N. B,, Oflice • n.l VV„ i Mill Street (l.w, ' ;' f V\ alehouse, mm .MRtt. — One .,f the moat ninortant of the manufacturing eafavblishnients of the City and whose pro, ucts fiii.l a rea,ly market in al mr'tl "f Messrs, h. R. Moore & Co. It would be dillicult >a commercial institutions of the S <'f^t L^etnTh """.^^ ""r ''""''' **>'^* '« "^ more sigidh" in IS that of which Mr. W, Kenne.IyTa \he S than H,f ^'7™^^^^ oivilization of «,e hder. Ihis gentleman began business in 1847 th^s lous^ ,,^n .. \T^ '*' "'anufacturo has by J.asthus enjoyed a successful business careei- exceleTe Thi« T"*''''* *" "^ "^^''^ '''s''"^*'^"^ inding over a period of forty years. Mr. Ken hv M. vL...!'"' ''""•'««?.wa8 establiahe.l in 1N03 Imding over a period of forty years. Mr Ken jy, Who ranks among the prominent and well- ^^inJ"st7i'r^ 1 ^*- /"'"'. occupies premises >ing Street, that are -i.") x 80 feet in dimenaions iei.WiTTr"''"' '•'t'^ structure four ator^^ leig it, Ihe extent of a trade may be hazardo.l ttion !"nfl ■f^^''P'■^"'■"'' i-e-iuired for its pro- Ition ad ,f this may be accepted as a fair cri- r^;„li '^'i"n""ly enjoys a very large trade f «ell assorted stock comprises full lines of leetio.'.IlT""'^''/'"-'"^'' ^'°"''«' «°"''' ''««"its. rKpn 17'-''"''/°''f'Sn an.l domestic fruits. I Kennedy imports choice coHees from Hotter- 1, and teas, from Kngland; and being an ex- f In'lir.l.'^"/'^'- •>'» f'«="i«- -■•e of'the cksa of 3 h„ \i, Vf "■•o.uuoo wita esiaoiishe. in 1N03 by Mr. Moore, an.l steadily grew in volume ami importance : in 187.5 Mr. .James I'emler Zere the firm, but he retire.l one year later ami M, are e.juippe.l wMth the mosc modern and improve, one h'mZ' 7*1"' r"P'".^l"'^"* " furnishe.l t^o ole one hundred hands. The products of the house include iron and .steel cut nails, ship and ra Cv , -, , , . -.,- ...» ^^ ca a..c or .ne class f.^'.Uh.l'm iir' ''"' ■""^' '^^^'' ^^-.I^VnUhi,:^ enable him to competmoat favorably with all , nine s^ke etV'"^'?!'''' f "'^' .''■"l Kalvani.ed nails^ I contemporaries Mr. Kenne.ly is a native of I repuut^on ^n th^ of wh.ch have a standar, iNm-th of Ireland, but has .ai.led in St. John MnMoore w^ the'^H^*;* 'i"''-T T""'"^ *° "'"'«• h-.^.'i "l"" most reliable man of business ^ facture of atl^ .-^ I* *." introduce the manu- hs high y esteemed in the community. He is a ^ of this old ^tt vu" /"u*" ^''""''^''- ^^e facilities kiinent Oddfellow, having been one of thefoun ^ . Li.^^ old estabhshe.l house are all that coul.l be ofthelo.lgeofthatbodS'itSt.^^^hn. '''^Xl2;Z oT' "°'T ^"^^ "^ »""'' *'« a"" f„^ turnetl out, a very large trade is done and Crawford. Importer of and Dealer in luv X^Jf^? *,'"'/?*?''"'''''"«"' ^as mkeri- 08 and Organs. 6(i fcing Street. -The music nei^hhoul .^° V'/'^'J';'"' ^l^"'* "^ "'^ l-'ity and Ibhshment of Mr. W'illiam Crawford is We.n'HnSn*°^^ Mr. Moore was born at Port !l- • "• & S'-<^'- The business was eatlb i" a «e^«tL";. ''f T'"^ *", '^*- •^""" *» •«34 he ell 1 l^^^lu^ ''^"''S*^ '^''■'*- ^''O i" '8«5 was perience am o „tr 1 *^i """^ ^'"■'"^' '"•«*°«''« ^^ eeded by the present proprietor. The w.^-e ^ecogS W^r h"'' "r '''T ^''''' r'"« **' *>>« ^■1 IS fitted up and arranged after the traditional I f. -:.„^" iff- '"«. , .^na'acter of all goods turned out pro:mu..ce»Ubii8hmenta, ^t '« spacious ani j ;aii: i;L;ir:u;::rSll,^ttni^;"''^ '" '"'"'^ 44 CITV OF ST. JOHN. Barker A Vo., \Vli.)leHalo MaimfaoturerH of SpecmltioH and Retail Choiiiista aii.l l)rui,KiHt» 70 Irince \V rlhan, Street, aiul corner of Union an.l .Nyln.iy Streets. 1 no importance of the druu trade m nniverHally recoifnize.l, for ^reat issnes depend up<)n the Hkifl of tl.e pharinaciHt, wlio practically ml,U the lives of the conmninity in fas hanf paint .an.s \ story brick building a.lj.,inH the main Imil.l, being 120 .«0 feet in diinensions. and is use.i J steel an.l tempering room. In a large yar.l a,l|. ing there is a fram., she.l, -M :< :iO feet, for th,. it age of pig iron ; and an..ther, ;« x 100 f,,,, Maritime Saw and Lead Works. James liobertson. Manufacturer and General Im- porter, corner Mill an.l Uni.m Streets. Monuments ot industrial enterprise are the emblems of a na- tion s greatness-they are the fruits of its genius ; and from these are derived, an.l by them nourished, the backbone and smew of the people. In every Province of the Confederation are such monument to be found : an.l while the highest praise belongs to their founders, we, all of us, hail them with a feeling of just pride, as forming part and parcel of our comm.)n country. Our industries are both nu- merous and important, one of the more .conspicuous being that in which Mr. ,Jas. Robertson is eiigage.l. Ihis gentleman, who is a native of Scotland, Vgan business niany years ago in Montreal; and not only has his enterprise there grown to immense propor- tions, but m Winnipeg, Baltimore, Toronto, and in wt. .John, have similar enterprises been established by the sanie gentleman. The last named was established in 1S7S. The plant covers a large area of ground. Ihe office an.l warehouse, situated on the corner of Mill and Union streets, comprise a four-storv brick structure, the latter having an asphalt floor. The entire building is very commo- 1 clioiis anu Hcll laid out, being iieated throughout i I dimensions, for the storage of sheet and bar i ' steel, piping, etc. ; and still a third, .SO y 120 • : tor the storage of fire-clay, cement, linseed oil pitch, ream, turpentine, paints, and all superihi stock, the whole plant being admirably laid ...it the purposes of the works. An engine of 40 \m power IS m operation : employment is furnish,.! twenty competent workmen : and the pro.luct.. the establishment are saws of all kinds, except hand-saws white lead, colored paints, fine cola putty, lea. pipe, lea.l shot, an.l sheet lead • smiths an.l plumbers' supplies, galvanized fcnc wire KusBia iron, galvanized iron, pig an.l bar ir A\Vi^^*' "^"PP <"■• ^PPer and steel wire, iron i. ancl fittings. It is unnecessary to dwell on" .luality of the output -it is surpassed nowhere;^ this continent, the products having secured f<.i maker an enviable reputation, co-extensive v the Dominion. Mr. l^olxTtson is also agent a 1 attison 8 patent press, for the use of tin plate J sheet metal workers. This press possesies n,.' advantages over all others, and it is claimed to the best of the kind in the market. This eatalil ' ment is under the ellicient management of \V lUiam Greig, a gentleman of wide experience excellent practical ability. He is a native of M< JZT'/'ToF '"'^" '" •^'"''■S'^ °^ *he store there li . - -- -•"-•••I f'>"! m Ills assumption .(I management at St. John in 1S83. [4'uri [ig Stn UMtry, 'elope. iscnt i: level.; iiiecha ;nH of tl be pr... ^ li.'i- gn teri' of je Is a s M C. Si St. .loh itiiictior incns ii lose.l. I- (iO fee^ jo Kt.)ie i (Ittteglai ■y iippliii factiir.'H al tiDH>i, pills flesi liptiou li liricc.l H( \<>im: ilia :k of je Jth the fa 'all times otltti.mers i *•)■' he.lei (Jopi'iihagen «!!■. JS7;t. K' iH a pro l« liruns' J. II 8fr.llen8, and I of gents' ] Mg a cash I at pricei ■his .'ustoni I large tra.l I country, b livince of > pve of Spri • ••—■=!—! Ill i be a shrewd kKPRKSKNTATfVK HUSINKSS MKN. vitli gaM. Thoii' iit iiIho I B hiweniciit to tlio iippm m, f IM on thi! Kroiind llooi ho lippiM- llooiM hy II Hp,.,||, itlii'fig ini) iimiiodiiitoly ul one ooiniiiuiiifutioii witli the .(irncr of Sholliold . le muin building of tho tun 8tory briolc strmturi!, HO riie whole in fully (.(|niii|. nprovod niuchinery, tools ^ en introduced. 'J'liu gin mnufaotuio of snws ; tlii. mufaoturo of painti, puti the third floor for the nbn ifacture of paint i^ans. \ adjoins the main liuil.li!, dimensions, and iw used i >om. In a largo yard a(l|n led, -20 X ;jO feet, for the st id another, .Ti ^ KM) fiil rage of sheet and bar ir I still a third, 30 v 120 tV lay, cement, linseed oil, t, , paints, and all supertlu being admirably laid out •ks. An engine of 40 lu.i employment is funiiHln :men ; and the produit,- , iws of all kinds, except:^ colored paints, tine cole* shot, and sheet lead : t; u|)plies, galvanized fenq sized iron, pig and bar ir ' per and steel wire, iron p necessary to dwell on :; it is surpassed nowherc| nets having secured for ' ntation, co-extensive » obcrtson is also agent i for the use of tin plate; Phis press possesses m. Ts, and it is claimed M be market. This estalilil client management of ] nan of wide experience l y. He is a native of Ml .rge of the store there /( to ilia assamptiou ofr in 1883. Ki*'"slfjt' '*^;^-"'*«»-/'"'''"""-th A.l-weller, .17 ivin street, l-'' manufacture of jcwellerv in ki, I . ... U, a marvellous extent in Cana.la, and it imhcations point to a reasNuring futme _lcvclop a ante for handicraft an.l to give hc, m. ".«.i.|in,cal ing..n„it. are surely enco-irauZ r., pr.,,.. of the progress we are making in the ur Kra,le of ,„, ustrial pursuits. The uV, X- «• '>f jewellery ,s a distinct calling, whic ,. nds a superior oner .,f mechanical abi lit; .V • St 1^: "'V?"!" '"P'o^-nttttivo in that line M . ohn and he has reason to be prou.l of tl. e ^nc^tls-rir ''"'•;''•. M.'. ScLnidtbe^:. l.d III ' '•" '■''"'" '"" »'"'^''' »tea.Iily in. luil :■ 'J?""!''"." '^^"""".xlioii. prcnisos beini/ ^ M feet Ul dnnensrons, being •.',', stiries in hekd t « Ht.,r« ,s tastefully titte.l up an.l in the 1 « late.g lass window : Mr. Schmidt has all neces fy upplla„.es incident to bin i„.l„„t,.y. A" Zn^ rtmes all k.n.ls of j.w.dlery, including ciiH riiition. He turns out mithing but first class pnced jewellery, Mid on this hLepuratoS: Sn .L, r "i "' 'f ^"""' "" ''a'"i "•'">•«« stock of n ,„„ .liamonds and preoious stones ; his en b-o enjoys the oontiileme of all lythnwan.l an Odilfdlow. 45 lie is a Knight of 8te,!'t"'''f'i'"/'^*"*' ''"'"'' '""' <-''<'thier, 52 .Mill S^ Ihn aul^ ''V'*'' ^""".''^ '" ^'■» ^"Pres'ente 1 „ |w<,rK turned out anywhere in the Dominion Se most enterprising and energetic of the dt /ens hnS u'/^Vr'n^ -non/the representtve ^niss , l^V- "f'if'*'', ^ his gentleman began Uiit- '**7'\""' f'e fact that his trade has ^e a shrewd and upright man of business alS -Ther^a 7 ^ ■"'•"• '"■"««'•"• '^ '>'"■'< -^trct - herearef..w buHiness pursuits of greater ..i ..•ntto the nidivi.lual than the drug trade f„,uL. ;;r.,„:irsrr;;?Eatr,-:ii;.;* I hc„ „ „ ,„,„p|rt,. ,„„, „„ ; ■ K'^ tat fro™ R „gi.„.t'av u'„„",rSt,:;".'";M i,';;'?-''' ii» old... „,, mo'..-;:p,L„L'vr ".''w',:.»u' "f.T4i^:o^^^^i1l,t'•?^r an. gents' line boX being importer iVi 1 ff C^min^'ltnis*''^''" ^'"" tre:Vn t K Jnta^'I"" ~-. "/.thorough, energetic, an.l renr«- and highly IsteemerrCrairwIth' T'*"^. ''""*° relation! bi.ing^co„tact^ '"*'' "''""" ''"«"'««« 46 CITY OF ST. JOHN. II ' '■•*«•'» <-«'ierul AKont for thi. Nnw VVil I, bu" ^^het'lerA WiUon S„wiiiK Ma.liiiioH, IS l)..tk Stiiiet. -Tho Mowing iiiiKtIiiiio ImH now hecoinn no i)rmiiii,mit n factor in tlu! I.oin.i, tli» work room .1.1.1 «lw»wli<,r«, that it foriiiH ov.Tywh«r<. an inipor tant hranuh of commerc. I'roniinont ainonu thoH.i imgiiK.xl in thiH traile in Ht. lohn i, Mr. \V H m\, order, and which, owing to the facihti-H lu) enjoyn, lie sells on easy and certainly most . He possesses a thorough knowledge of the bu'.i ill winch he i.s engaged, and is fair and upri'l, all his dealings. He is a Royal Arch .MaHoii : am berof Albion [.odge No. 1, of Masi.ut., a m.i, St. .lohn Kncamprnent, Knight Templar- an member of ,St. ( ieorge's .Society. a,U '" tageous terms. fJeing a practical machinist. Mr. Hell undertakes the repairing of all kinda of sewing machines, a branch of his business in wh.. h he IS largely engage,!, being employed by various factories in the city as welTas by privat^ indivi,! iials He enjoys a large and constantly increasing trade, extending thr.mghout New Brunswick ami portions of Nova Scotia ; const=.„t employment being furnished to six assistain. Mr Bell ig a native ofKiederickton, N.B. but ha.s resided in St .lohn since infancy. He possesses a thorouchlv practica knowledge of the sewing machine, having been in the business for a period of eighteen years \ He 18 a most reliable and energetic man of business and IS a member of the Alexander Temple .f Honor. "^ Harold Gilbert. New Carpet and House- j furnishing Warehouse, 54 King Street. -The surest ' indication of the prosperity of a people, is to be f,i>lt (ixtuiiiliiig tlu(mj,'», iiiiitM, and niattiii. ici^ jiolfH, rued and i.iti, 41 cutting and Biiwin^; •y« tiUick ; fourth IIimh ioo poU. nianufactuiii. dovottsd to nii clotlics ; irnj)ortM(Mirpt>tn from h id Inioli^iiiiiM and oil i I ' .nS7;{. He is a geiil jelleut executive aliil the community. KKI'KKSKNTATIVK HUSINF:iJS MKN. 47 ': J*"' Wl«d«in. Mill, St.,uml«Mit ami Hail I ■SupplieH .,1 Doek Street The wr. « |' f of a city H eomnierce i, derivad fron. „,* ^ <' prom » o.em.ied are most eomniodh.ns. • >»„„riHi,u, a i-staiitial four storev briek .trn..tnr.?S> ' w ect dnienHionH with pfate glasn front. The st^ , k ' ► led IS heavy and is selected with the view t a i itclasH tr».l„ It ..ompriseH rubber an.l leather be t ' :; "'' ■^'""' '■"«" '"'««. I«ce leather and cut lacin« . .^,1 waste, an,l Hteam packing, lubricating oiu'. I cs. emery wheels, emery cloth an.l emery: 'Nghtiron pi,H3, cast-iron water pipe; Zli' and water Httings, steam pumps 7te ' m HKes mjectorH, bofts. nuts. wLhers; 3' netal and antim.iny. an.l .stcan, an.l hoi w er h*. Mig apparatus. .Mr. \Vis.lo ,«,rt„ fi-. .,* w . ■ iT ","">;.'""' "'" l'"it<'«l States; and cni. vs ir val|e,| fa,,i,t,„„ j,, j,,,^ „„^^^^^^ enabling hm n 7 h"".' .V"''*-' '"""' ""Ivantageou r Ue ; .senUthe folh.w „g, whose pro.tucts need no Is .f lecommemlation here: National Tnl^ "Ik (..mpany for boiler tubes an.l inje.tc^rs «le« Ntean, lump U„rkB, an.l the L^ V MUu. Mann actnring Company, f,„. steam pumps ■ £."-ls™kieh'"f"' *^"t''l^ C-.pany for pal.k fg': 2 M WifT '"'**"*«"" "harpt-ncr a'n.l gufn! S ds 'l,ul 1 ! i .' '■'"'V^'T " "'""' "f "'".petent S '." V ,t ,1 t Vt^'-'-.tl-'-onghont the'MaH m'> I .vnces. He IS a native of St. John where 'h ::hm fh""'"^"' '-"•"J"y'"« "-' <^°''fi''°""e "a" til whom he conies m contact. whle .pre»,| repuutlon , »«ing prom.nnce.l e.,nal « 1. In 1 1 Uer if "' '"*'" '""•""'"«•<' I'ullion «»c (ues, .oats, eap,, »l,,i^h rol,„,. ea, .|,| « ' ^l r.v ?i • .• ' " <-''"•'■'•''. "re impoiters .lireet ™LJ 7' ■ '? t'"," -'*""' !<»■ M.anu aetu ing 1, Po-ex. and material f..r the nmiiufactur..?Hilk \\?7 W'u"^' '""' '^^'""' '"'«"- '"-1 -"P» an with' nunw Hs regar.ls both prii «> an. .luality can at .ill John tV.'. *"" I'- '^'- Manks, natives of St. enterprise, have esteblishe.l a tra.le wl ich hL I . fellow hav.-nV h^1^ '""K"' '-"P'orniiientCMd. tcllow, having hel.l several offieos of trust • ai. ' both are Sergeant's in the St. Johns KiHes " ♦i d:'h'Ki:e*eH H'ti'"'"[^" i ^■"-•'«- -' ^^Ja H 1 , r"*?' *""' """lufactniers ..f Silk !r/:i"i; ■'"."' ^i^^'' "'"' f^-«ntlen,eu. l>7ne Jrs .If all kinds, .')7 King Street.-Ai. iinnortant ll successful ...iterprise, carri...l on in stXltt kt in which Messrs Manks * Co. are engaLed ...the mannfactureof silk .Iresshats ; aiulTdfes' 18 nrm 111 188,), and the tra.le wlii. i, has steadilv fees "7, -n"','^ *,'"•""«'■•"" *»•" M-"S [C. L *! " .estabhshn.ent of .Messrs. Manks ss rade t"'"".*'''''^, ?P''-»«ve one, and a Hrst spaijois and commodious comprisinu a tw« fc'a w;::;.ehf,'''"'f "'V'' " ^^ f-* iC™,nt„:io n rJ 4-.T f • p* f'""'>"B "B «outh Market Street X 4,, feet in dimensions Kmployment is furnish I to about eighteen ,1s. and the goods mZ.-" fctured,,..ompn8es, silk l„c, fursan.l cloth Zds- ch as have been .supplied by this linn to tK h""on Navy; .ailwl'y an.l steamboat .„*tfor„! iLhts^i^'ptl'""" f'"'. '^"*«''*« Templars and ightsof I'ythias ; caps for Foresters, O.ldfellows |d Orangemen, etc ,^ ^-^u ^. f„- jJ^";"eiiow8, Tjcr banus and firemens ^aps", ■"k^""The uoods redout by this firm have'secured for tlfeml c»rr-d on the business until 8 is, .. .en l^^'ss^'/' ^ c.i th h.m his son.indaw. Mr. L K loZu Most .ommo,hou8 premise, are occupied by tht fcSvS^rEe^F snoe nnrtings of every ilesoription. This rtrn. „^ John lu l8ba, to enter the tirin' "He 'iH'^ ^° !^^' man of rare ein'ruy an.l • hilit„ l..- * «'^"*'«- tive man of busing? ^ ^' '^"'«'' '■«P'«««nta 48 CITY OF ST. JOHN. , E.. l!,. Kcnnny, I'iivnofoito Maker an.l Deiiler in 1 mnos aiul Orgiina, ;iS Dock .Stioet. - Tlio miv- tonal proxroKH of ii uoiiiitiy is aHcortaiiied by the Unte It ovin-cH for tliu line uit8. M iisio an.l paint- ing are two gr.^at reHiiing inflneiioes an.l a general taste for l.otli or either, betokens contemporary Hoeial progiess in all a.lvance.l c.nntries of the worl.l. Music h.)W(^ver wields a more potent in- lliien.o than paintinjj .Iocs, or ever can .!.> ; an.l while in all ages music has been cultivated, and in all .countries appreciated. The music of the pre- sent day III all I'hiropean and I'lnglish spoakinK countries is, if the point of .levelopiiient is to be indicated, of that fine and clussical or.ler, which IS necessarily the offspring of refinement and is con- se.|iiently denian.led by society at the present time llu! piano 18 essentially the instrnnient of to-day and the organ .•omes next ; and the demand for these iiistrunuiiits has created numeronaenterprises throughout the American Continent The market IS stocked with pianos and organs for each of which ai)ecihc merits are .■laimed. Hut there are pian.)s and pianos, and th.! same might he said of organs • It IS therefore desirable to know which one t<) choose. Mr. K. K. Kennay of .St. .John, han.Ues strictly first-class American and (.'anadian goods ; tliose tliat have made the immes of their makers aim.us. \lr. Kenney is agent for the following, a list of which will furnish the proof t(. the foreg(«nu statement, viz.: Henry K. .Miller, pianos. Boston • Heintzimui, and Newcombe, pianos, Toronto Mr Kennay who possesses a thorough practical know- ledge of these instrum.ints, being a maker, also tunes an.l repairs, ami satisfaction can always be relied upon. Ho enjoys a large and increasing patronage aii.l his trade extends thr.nigh.mt New Ihunswiok, Nova Scotia, and Prince K.lwar.l Is- and. I he premises situated .)n Dock JStreot are large an.l comm.)dions being .•lOxtiO feet in dimen- sions with large plate glass fronts. The wareroom 18 tastefully htted up, after the traditional style of music estahlisments. Mr. Kennay is a native of ' ...lulon Knglun.l, but has resided in .St. John since l«4i(, which year he embarked in business. He is .me of the pr.)minent citiz.Jiis of .St. ,l.)hn, and both socially ami otherwise, enjoys the esteem and con- liden.^e .)f all. He is ,i Mason, an O.ldfellow, a member .)f the St, (Jeorge Society, a .lustice of the eace foi St. John and a School Trustee f.)r the larish .)f .Sim.mds', St. Jolm. Mr. Kennay has manufactured !H)7 pianos since he ommenced busi- ness. .>0 X 120 feet in dimoiisionB. An immense st.i i 18 carried ceing, in addition a, buyers. They sell at close pnces, and are t 1 I J „■•' — ^••'o^i jji lucn, null are i enabled to offer special inducements to the tra.i, ' Ihjs hrni .^'.so own an.l operate Spice and (oil,. Mills, situf ti .m Waterloo Street, and which . „i, pose a two-storey brick structure, 40 x (10 feet i- .limensK.iis. The motive p.)wer is supplie.l bv a engine of 40 horse p.)wer. Kmployment is furnish., to a staff of competent hands, and all kind-, spices, cream of tarter, etc., are manufiu'ture.!, ot which are made specialties of the products, hv notably e.|ual to th.^ beat manufactured. Thei. a onstant and increasing demand for them, ii the trade extends throughout the Lower I'roviu. H« .Lies also the tra.le in groceries, constant . poyment being furnislie.l to twenty-five haihi altogether. They are thorough and most relialA'SB'"' "'"" men of business, their enterprise being .me of ti 9'i8F'"«ely i. soh.l institutions of the City of St. John ''***«>f "'<' pl |)i4ilii ,1 flairs. Bcn Cigar Factory. Hell & Higgins. l'niHl''"''-'« "' priotors, ,S8 I'rince William Street, entrance BeliaB»""«''''8 l-ourt, oH Cluirch Street. -To the smoker tlion are few things more enjoyable than a good ci™ It IS enjoye.l for its own sake, and also hecausi: i' bus a pleasing an.l so..thing ten.leney. A sm.iki in p.)S8essioii of a good cigar is at peace with (i Iiavinj ; it wi BM'ilitiei priallyc brewer huil.l) |uipp.,'.l ppliaiii irewin^ -,, leuce. by ct.^aiii, i bincrv, Bn. The I'lass al ! a spec linely p ply »!ndo ifacture laie iisei (tific kiio J.ine.s to Inc artii lity of tl Irade ex; \ Scotia. OfiUrfeorn * Co., Wholesale Orocers and Manuta.'tnreis ..f Spices, Oeam of Tart.'r. Ktc., !».> rrinee VV illiani Street, and tin an.l 40 Water Street. Hanking among the m.)st prominent gro- .:ery ..stabhshments .)f St. John is that .>f Messrs |)(wb.)rn k Co. This house was f..unded in ISliS by Mint, Dearborn * Co. Mr. Flint having .lied 111 [H,A, the business has sin.te been .;arried on iin.ler the present style of Dcarb.irn .t Co., the members .)f the firm being Messrs. C. H. Dearborn ami \\ S. ( J reen. Kxtensive premises are occupied | by this hrm ..n I'rince William Street and exten.liiiK ' thr.)ugh to Water Street, an.l comprising a brick I structure which, on I'rince William Street, is four i storeys in hnii'lit un.l .... IV. .*.... ~:- _i > . J ■-. iiv.p,.,t. — 1.^ -.-... -,., 5f.»irya, ijcmg i wh(ile world. The manufacture .)f cigars is an ii » i portant in.lnstry in St. .lohn, and among tWM. most prominently engage.l in it are Messrs. \M\ TO Higginswho enjoy an immense tra.le througlw.id:, the Doininioii, with a reputation second to n.,i«i " 1 lie factory is a four story brick structure, 40 \ N teet in .liinensi.ms, an.l employm.'nt is furnisliivl to sixty exponence.l and cmpetent hands. TliH tiriM have adopte.l all the new improvements in tJ inanufacture of cigars. A lemiing specialty is tl ' Kell, which 18 registere.1 in Cana.la, and a m* ten cent me.luim cigar is now being introduceJ called the "Blue Nose." So popular have tk products ..f this firm become that the well knov Cigar Folka " was dedicated to Messrs. Hell a Miggins. riie biisinesB was esUd)lishe.l by Mr. .ij 1 •• xi ' 'Ii \*tf^' ""'' '" '•'***' '»• »88<'<-'iated wit hiinMi.. 1 W. Higgins. Both gentlen.en, who »r luw..^'""..'.',' '^'""treal, have resi.led in St. John sinfl !.><«-. lliey are practical, energetic, ami tliorou)! nien ..f business, the flattering results of which tl inception of their enterprise reflect on them tli highest credit. !iilll«><»n Jones, Brewer, corner Union -.w* (•nermarthon Streets. St. .lohn .'an boast of sciil of the moat h.m.uahle and reliable of her citi/.if wh.> are engage.l in the brewery busineps. Anion J such prominent mention must bo made of m Simeon -lones, whose brewery is located at tkf corner of Union an.l Caermarthen Streets. 'I'lii bBsiiieoS \a one of the oldest institutions in tli ir .if tht with ore coiiceriie B. m II street. - 1 rug an Mc\-,.y, "f the p ^niist and las alrea.r 'f a diap. fitted ii| {lass frt .jiiality isupplios, 1 )y iinports laceutical S.I prepar, trilising tl wing com; ^y I'liil pn lecure //oh, and valm )y is a iiati New Brill >d un.ler igton Bros W he obtjiii I'hiU-maoo i at the ito, Deo. I> A E.. Bl fiiion Street 'ing imlust; lca;i.'.' ami . oinmunii ill this iiid REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. 49 !ii8ions. An immunHO sti, nil kinds of fanny groctM i. oanncd goods, dried fiuii rttio mills and fanoy tins i irni import their tens fn^ loir colloes from AniHtordiu: ioklus from Kngland. Tin ctH in which they deal a; , as thoy do, a" thoroii; , and l)ein(^, in addition, ™,.i ; close prices, and are tin indiieenients to the trudt il operate Spice and ('(,11,, rloo Street, and which ion k struoture, 40 x (10 feet i ive ^ower is supplied l)y ,i r. Kmploynieiit is finnisiif. It hands, and all kinds , etc., are manufactured, ai ialties of the products, beiii st manufactured. Then' i ling demand for them, ;iii gliout the Lower I'roviiut,. in groceries, constant en, hed to twenty-five hui,. ;horough and most reliali* jntcrprise being one of tl City of St. John. tory, Uell & liiggius, I',. iani Street, entrance He et. — To the smoker thor, oyablo than a good cij;a 1 sake, tind also becauHc hing tendency. A sniokr cigar is at peace with t -_ iifaeture of cigars is an ii:»| . .lohii, and among tlin.WV ed in it are Messrs. . mmense trade througj, uput'"'""«■'' ^'"^ "rmiswick an.l » >u)tia. Mr. .lones is a native of Frederiek- Iml canie to St. .lohn in l«;V.», where lie has >lo«e ly identifie,! himself with the best inter » ittee of the Uivie Council in 187!)-H0, and in '• fcllow jig three years fille.l the high position of Iwith redit^V 'v '*"r'« *!"' f""''''°"« "f '"« ' ' ptreet. --Gnu „f the most recent ac(|uisition8 'IniK and dispensing trade of St. .lohn is Mr 'Vic\ey, who embarked in business in the rewer, corner Dnion iiin„ t. John can boast of riiiii| d reliable of her citi/cn Bwery business. Aiiioiil. must be made of Nli eweiy is located at tU niiarthen Streets. 'Ilii idest institutions iu tU V." mri^i, „( tu V """ '""■""'ieu m Dusiness n tlu " S^ * ''■',"""'* y^'"'- ""^ is '"I accomplish as alieady buiFt up a very largo trade priiuT jo a dispensing character. TlTe store, whch p .tted upis ISx;t(ifeet in dimensions wi« ^■,'lass fronts. The stock which is of the 'I'm ity embraces drugs, chemicals, phvs N.pphes toilet articles, perfumery, eie.' T liacenHc.^ "hemical apparatus for testing ami kliS he "*'•'""• •'"'l»'"«"'«: as also of Ri Using the ^■ar^ou8 preparations us 1 at the taing c.n,„(^r, the object being to test the E.„r'V""-'*-y, "{ t''" '•'••'«« lH> haiuUes, so *.'cur,. homj„lr ,lrugs for sale. The imnor ; and value of this is c.vsily recognised S?r |V,f "'"'*'^'".'f ^^t. .lohn, and isaCm.ncil„; » New Hrunswick Pharmaceutical Society. He Mon Jtros., St. .John, and K. W. McCarthy p.. he obtained the ,liplo„„v of the New 1 runs'- L at'thTn'r'-'^^*-^ '""' -"<"" . .■• — ^•"•"»3> I iiMiuHtrs and lias bittera i.m.lo „f i i ..' .= "hum a sp«icialtv is nion S reet, _In every centre of actis i Hhe ni,eHrwld.t:;/r'''''L« *""' «■"* ""'4'- '""' »> • . ig imlustry is always a pu.suit of primary exec tid^.^ « . .^ .%'" ■^?"''■"''*«'' '" ""» 'irm is oa.,c,. ami contributes materially to tl e trade tati?«. M "m''. ^"'' """" " «'i«l'--«I.read repu . c...mmunity.^ ,,.., ..,„t ,J .^^J^-^^ ^^ J^^^^l^^"^'^ ^V"" ''<"■'-.;■. St. .John, ihe ry in St. John senior inemlutr k are Wessis. U. > the St. John F ire Hi ■Kadc. '-' "1 no. I Uiatiicl, of so CITY OK ST. JOHN. W. Alexandia' Porter, Dealer in (;io- ceries, Fruit, etc., Corner Union and Waterloo Streets. — The commercial resources of the City of St. .lohn, are being developed in large proportions year by year, and among the most important of these must be classed the grocery trade. The gen- tlemen engaged in it are generally enterprising, energetic, thorough men of business, which have resulted in the success and the rapid development of this trade. Mr. W. Alexander Porter, who has been in business since 18X0 is prominently identified with this trade. Ho occupies spacious and com- modious premises at the Corner of Union and Waterloo iStreets, comprising a four storey l)uild- ing 50x100 feet in dimensions There is in addition a branch store in Sime's building. Corner Mill and I'ond Streets, opposite the Intercolonial Railway and New Brunswick Railway Depot ; also a ware- house, two stories high and 2.'jx40 feet in dimen- sions at 14 Waterloo Street, for the storage of oats, feed and such like. The large and well assorted stock carried embraces full lines of staple and i fancy groceries, foreign and domestic fruits in sea- j son, canned goods, confectionery, nuts, dried fruits, ! tlour, oats, feed, field and garden seeds, farm and , dairy produce, etc. Mr. Porter imports largely ' teas from Kngland, and fruits and other goods from the United States. He buys altogether for cash, and enjoys facilities which enable him to deal most advantageously witli his customers. He enjoys a large city and country trade, the latter being very extensive. Mr. Porter is a native of King's County, N. B., and has resided in St. John since 1878. He is a shrewd and thorough man of business, whose dealings have been uniformly hon- orable and straightforward ; lie enjoys the confi- dence of all with whom he has had dealings. He is a prominent Mason and a member of the Indepen- dent Order of Foresters. T. II. Keohan« manufacturer and Dealer in Clocks, Portraits, Picture and Oval Frames, En- gravings, Prints, Fancy tJoods and Toys.— A branch oftradewhich in recentyearshasljeen largely developed, and has now attained proportions of considerable magnitude is that devoted to the man- ufacture of picture and other frames. A quarter of a century's experience in one line of business means an active experience in its every detail that should connnend its possessor to the confidence of the pub- lic in general. Such an experience is that of Mr. T. H. Keohan, gilder and picture manufacturer, who hivs been established in this business since 1861, and by the elegance of his designs and neat- ness of execution, has gained a reputation for artistic work in this connection that is unsurpassed by any in this business. The premises occupied by him are very spacious, and with a well e((nipped store, where is to be found a full and varied assort- ment of clocks, portrait, picture and oval frames, engravings, prints, and a large assortment of toys, fancy goods, birdcages, etc. Mr. Keohan employs three assistants and manufactures all kinds of mouldings and picture frames, and is the only gilder in the city, (iilt frames are re-gilt and made to look as good as new. Toys are imported from Kngland and a large general trade is (lone, the as- sortment of dolls being probably the finest in St. John. Mr. Keohan i« a native ..f Una uily ami is well and favorably known in commercial circles. j P. S. MacNllU & €Oi, Dealers in Agiif; tural Implements, Etc., M2 Dock Street.- Canada is essentially an agricultural country, t I trade in agricultural implements and apjiljai; I mnst I'ank as one of the most importmt of ( conimercial resources In the City of St, ,1 ! this trade forms an important element in itsni mercial fabric, and among those identified witl, Messrs. P. S. MaoNutt k Co. are pronnnent. ! firm began business in 188(i, and have bramli, Truro, N. S., and Charlottetown, P. E. I. Tl establishment in St. ,lohn comprises a three aV' brick structure, 22 x rM feet in dimensions. I well fitted up, with plate gla,ss front, and is k appointed throughout. Messrs. P. S. NacNut; | Co. handle all descriptions of farm machinery. eluding mowers, reapers, rakes, binders, ploli. harrows, drills, cultivators, feed cutters, gn crushers, threshing mills, engines, saw and sliii, mills ; as alscj, fine lines of buggies. This firm lii only in a high class of goods, that are thoroiig' guaranteed, handling the goods of tlie most hk reputed fiims throughout Canada, and in »- portions of the United States. For example, tl handle the binders, reapers, mowers, harrows, •■ tivators, etc., of Patterson Bros.. Woodstock, (It the engines, saw, shingle, and mill machii'iii. , the Waterous Engine (^o., Brantford, Ont,, i ,( the threshers of Hcebener & Sons, Pennsylvauf U. S. Employment is furnislied to tliirt.v:| hand.s, and the large and constantly incrm| trade enjoyed by this firm extends tlinmghomi Provir.ce of New Brunswick. The member.s ofv firm are Messrs, P. S. NncNutt and W. B Hoi son, l)otli natives of Prince Edward Island, ft! are thorough and representative men of busiiit and ai'e highly esteemed by those with whom fr have dealings. Mr. McNutt is a member ot -, Mount Zion Lodge of Masons, and lives in i John ; and Mr. Robertson lias the branch at ( lottetown under his management. .Mr. ,l,i Dover was formerly associated with this firm, has recently retired. L. B. Wilson, Merchant Tailor, 77 iivmi Street. —Among the more recent ac!''" ■ with whom he has dealings. He is a membel the Knights of Pythias Order. n liusiness &mi of T. w. ^. when he lions premi lliani Streef 1 are tastefu ' stock can- jiules teas, t piadc ; cofft 01-8, etc. 1 (fshaven, H( baiiie faiiKH Guinnesi bee and Spi ■ Mr. Bel ■ cash, and ; ! business w ■ large one ; Viiices. Ml Iresided in .'• enied in tht ; reliable m f, allow busi a share ol The subj u years been bhy to the li Icorrespondf lainpboll Fitters, 79 bstry constit tries in the ( pesented, an^ i enterprise. it are Mess PnesB was est . and in 188/ tland. Thej nises on ( jer unsions with Iree storey bi ps in the rear includes ga Is, earthenw I fancy globes , and is sold rnished to fi [fitting andpli piule of hcatiii nbing house .1 one,a8thoroi !e they enjoy ; country. M natives of (■ vn and higlil; >y estimable (j I nines ITIct Bra of and Dei kdy-Made Clot jises. Etc., Ef |ong the cloth i have mot w REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. 51 c Vo;, Dealers in Agn !., 32 Dock Street. I agricultural coiinti \ . : iiplemeiits and apjjljai le moat importint (it In the City of St. .1 artant element in its ik ig those identified witlr 1: Co. lire prominent, li 88(1, and have hranclii! lottetown, V. E. I. TIf n comprises a three sto feet in dimensions. Ii e gla.ss front, and is ii Messrs. P. S. NacNut: ns of farm machinery.: 1, rakes, binders, plouf tors, feed cutters, ^ , engines, saw and shii )f buggies. This firm (. sods, that are thoroiigS i goods of the most hig- at Canada, and in su, tates. For example, tl| ;rs, mowers, harrows, i- ° II IJros.. \\'ood8tock, Oi J, and mill machino o., Urantford, Out., er & Sons, I'ennsylv; furnished to tliirt) lul constantly incrias' .11 extends throughout:, ick. The members ()f;| cNutt and VV. 15 Kol 3e Kdward Island. L, jntative men of busiiit; by those witli whom te N'^utt is a member of lasons, and lives in 11 has the branch at ( t vnagement. .Mr. .1 liatcd with this firm ;hant Tailor, "7 (iciiiij )re recent acquisitii St. John, is that est! m in 1886. This gei,:| id competent tailor, i . the John J, Mitchtll V York, ana obtain . Since commencinj; \ii een favored with a I out a class of good. He occupies premise^ eet in dimensions, igthe well assorte(i i. ae found fine broaditloi ew, and all kinds (jftl enjoys suiierior faoilii le deals, being in af I article at the snii urnishes employnioii| md the clothes maucl re in lit, stylo and lioL It. Mr. Wilson was J jrgetio and most rolif sscs the (^nnlidpiii'i> 1^8. He is a memb der. T. Willinm Bell, Direct Importer of ligiioiH and (irocories,S8 Prince William Street.— KaiKiiig among the leading li()Uor and grocery im- wwt. rs of St. John is Mr. T. William Uell. He began business in 1878, trading under the style and firm (it T. W. Hell fc Co., which continued until when he became sole proprietor. His com- lious premises are eligibly situated at S8 Frincj liam Street. They are 4(»x70feet Iji dimensions, are Ustcfully fitted up with plate glass fronts. _ stock carried is heavy and well assorted and ^ules teas, the highergrades of which a specialty lado ; coffees, soapa, sugars, biscuits, wines, )rs, etc. Mr. Bell is agent foi Iv Kiderlen of fshaven, Holland, whose excellent gin has made -ame famous. He imports Haas' ale. from Kng- ; (Juinness' porter, from Ireland ; wine from ice and Spain and teas and coffees from I'aig- :. Mr. Bell enjoys first class facilities, he buys jcash, and sells at the closest possible prices, business which is exclusi\'ely wholesale is a ■ large one and extends throughout the Lower /inees. Mr. Bell is a native of Montreal, and (resided in St. John since 1877. He is highly jmed in the community being a thorough and t reliable man of business. He does not, how- r, allow business to occupy every minute of his a share of which is devoted to 1 lary mat- The subject of our present skc u has for years been prominently identified with phono- )hy to the literature of which he has, as editor ! correspondent, contributed liberally. that of JaiiRS .McCJiillough & Co. It was establish- jed in lH8;i, by the present proprietor, Mr. j James McCullough, and within the comparatively short period of four years has succeeded in biiilil- mg up an excellent trade, extending as it does, throughout New Brunswick. Mr. McCullough stands high as an artistic and fashionable tailor, and his establishment is one of the most popular in St. ,)ohn. His premises at 48 Prince William St. are eligibly located and are 18x36 feet in dimensions, with plate glass front. The store is well fitted up and 18 admirably adapted for the purposes of the business, the same being carried on to the best ad- vantage. Mr. McCullough carries a full stock of broadcloths, tweeds, diiignals, corkscrews, woollens, gent's furnishings, ready-made clothing, rubber coats, trunks and valises. His stock is well selec- ted, and as a tailor, he has few superiors. He gives employment to fifteen .skilful bauds and the goods that issue from his establishment, possesses all the essential i|ualities of standard products. He is a practical and experienced tailor and guarantees a perfect fit and entire 8ati';raotion. He buys at the bijst advantage and sells at the lowest market prices. Mr. Mi^Cullough was born in Ireland, and the esteem in which he is held by the inhabi- tants of St. John is proved by the confidence that is reposed in him in social and commercial circles. p»»npl»«n * l»IcPar!?P-7-.'i, Plumbers and j Fitters, 79 Germain ^ , .--The plumbing hstry constitutes one of ,i-: t important in- tries in the City of St. ■ ; ■ .ing very largely l-esented, and carried on with marked ability I enterprise. Among those favorably identified h it are Messrs. Campbell & MePartland. The Jness was established in 1867, by Mr. T. C;amp- , and in 1887 he associated with him Mr. Mc- lland. They occupy eligible and commodious niseson (Jermain Street, being 20x60 feet in lensions with plate glass front. The building is K-ec storey bnck structure and there are work- ps in the rear. The large stock constiintly on includes gas-fittings, plumber's supplies of all tls, earthenware closets, wash basins, colored [fancy globes. The entire stock is bought for », and is sold at a close margin. Kmploymcnt finished to from six to fifteen bands anil while ! Ifitting and plumbing are undertaken a specialty ^ade of heating buildings with hot water. No j (nbing house enjoys a higher reputation than ; I one, asthorough and practical plumbers and the le they enjoy is a very large one being both city ■ [country. Messrs, Campbell & McPaitlaud are \ h natives of St. John, where they are widely ^ Swii and highly esteemed for the possession of By estimable ((ualities. fames raeCulloiiKh A Co., Manufac >is of and Dealers in Mens, Youth's and Boy's idyMade Clothing, Furnishing Ooods, Trunks, lises, Kte., Etc., 48 Prince William Street.- long the clothing establishments in St. John • have met with rapid and assured success is ^ John H. Butt. Merchant Tailor, 68 (iermain Street.— Among the several avocations followed here, that of merchant tailoring may be regarded as of the greatest importance to the community in furnishing those evidences of taste in dress that are represented in fashionable and well fitting garments. As one of the houses in this line of business which has been foremost in promoting the standard of elegance in gentlemen's attire, that of Mr. John H. Butt, of 68 Germain Street, is of special importance, and is deserving of particular mention in a review of those places most desirable in St. John as purchasing points. This house was founded in 1855, by Mr. W. F. Butt, who, in 1867 admitted his brother, Mr. John H. Hutt, into partnership, and in 1877 retired, leaving the business entirely to the present proprietor. The premises occupied comprise a two storey brick building, 18 x 40 feet in dimensions, fitted up with every convenience for the accommodation and I display of stock, employment being given to tweiity- : five hands. The house is widely known for the marked good tast" d.n.ension,, oontiining every "adltyfor the 'I'HP ay of goo,l8 and the prosecution fbusinew teX^Hif* ■«;''"« /"^°'«''«' ^ an ave age "f 7rom ten to hfteen hands. The house is noted foi th^ wh£ emb.'ir*«'" r' *''^«°°'»« ''•^P* "'««*£ Ir Ih f^ f ^'"^ '•.>''«°nal8. Knglish, Scotch and Irish tweeds, trouserings, meltons, pilots beavers K's^f ^el^fi"^' ^''""""^y. i-porLd^fromS looms m (,reat Britain, while a fine line of Cana dian tweeds is also carried, the who o offering a m all cases, being guaranteed. The indiviHim rwrnil**^? "'■"'''■*' '^v'i: «- JHU'Snd tliel^nrih ^T "i""";""- , ^''^ f°"^«r «'»« born in the North of Ireland and came to St. John in 1875 tt;:a^.r::;^-,*;^^-,,a^^ pSASaSSfcr^-^^'' ^^^ of Tnmk'r^at?i*u"^**'»'.^>'«- •'^lanufacturers iLh^mmH^c' %«• ^^''8««. etc., iMcLaugh. l:"t"i:;if oTi^xsiXi^t s si^- nmiuifacture of trunks and^iTt^^l, ra/'Lge.then r^.?ttv:tetnith;dt!^;^^^^^^^^^^ fishing rods etc. Mr. O'Shanghnossy is a uj iHml7i' I-^'^'V^' "-1 has lived in St. John t he l' ) ^'^"J«''.*ff .^'ythias and a meml. ^mlTxpre:: -l-a„d , specialty is made of sa,„, r»,l!:'i; b *l"*!;!?*' ^Vatehmaker and Jowelkr ; ' Dock .Street.-The trade of the jeweller and w.i,: maker h.«. within comparatively recent years marvellously developed in Caimda, and wbiK affords an inviting field to mechanicl^l ingon a high order, one of the most reassuring fe „ in conneetion with this branch of the trade enterprise which enters into its p.osecutio, thoroughly reliable and well-knowirhousc t^ . ed therewith is that of Mr. L. Sharpc I gentleman who w.va born in Sackville. Xst„ ! fi,„ Af -i." T> '""" wnicn reaches all narts oi the Afantime Provinces and is stea '"" "" '^'•- «harpe f^mVj they will receive every attention, Orders and quines by mail are promtly attended to! ' 7>»fr ■'"• "'?'■*.'>' * *•»"' Manufacturers of as IJealers in Furniture, Upholstery (Joods etc Oermaiii Street. -Among the industries caiTtl I r. OShanghnessy is a iiuti iiul haN livedin St. John sir,, ; of Pythiiis ami a momlici aty lx>xu8 ami ciitivass t' h year his house was csb^ tefuUy Htted up, with pb;: 8 employment to a coiiif S lent assortment of gooils 'atches, clocks, jewulhr :c. Mr. Sharp has the l»j irket affords; is thoroud • of the tiade and can :it> ; sments to customcrsi. i'i Is of repairing incidents A specialty is made ■ isfaction is guaranteed i sso ably and skilfully ( c- :s in tlie possession (1I3 ' patronage which exte ong the St. John Hive >utAlbert, Westmorelad itics. N'isitors to St. M Mr. Sharpe from \\li« ttention, Orders andii ;ly attended to. >li. Manufacturers of a )holstery (Joods, etc., the industries carried Itil e\tn,;;er^'7ti:7r\?rr '"""^•j''« - lice to the conirn^. it„ V' ?u°^ g'-eater impor- .nitnre Tirj Cs o^ uT, *'l° ."""'"facture of torprise.beinKinTxtoLfr' •^"K""'^-' 'n this ^thc ho„ e, t .^lice Z ,?' constant demand "■""lustr; isgeneninv f %f r**; *°'' "'^^^''^'e. c..n well V:,lt'y, ro : r'TdtM ","f >i«ln.useiswellT„owni.;M"' "'"' '•op'x^sentati ve. t.u,,i.shed iX';er,rit7n'r'&" = senior momlm- of the firm TK^' ^"'^'''y. •'•ied on the business as an in IK • I "/"""'""''" il l^-^-J when Me srs J 1 .j"'o h!?!"°**''P'''«'^ ■th the business a partner^ ^l' Ts'LT , , "We retired ; and AI (' K r n ' *''^ ' Unt. -unnder, was ;i"-"> e factory is fi, Iv n .,• ^'^ ^?''.* '" ''""^'isionK. ht "..proved mfchZrai 7'/'' ,*''? ''''^'«' ''"^^ ^ "..I..stry, a..d mo Ve%ow rt sumf-'r,* *" "... engine of ten horse n^wor 4?, ^"PP''«'' by a J tiwtefullv fitted ,.n .;! Pj •■ f,'''' 8'"'WrooniS tt all «oo,fsXL"pV; .''^ThT^^^^ - >i'loyn,ent is furnished to f,^,„-A to I0 .'i"*"*^ «'': rkmen, anil thn ,rr,^^ * 1 ■* "'" competent '.'ber,' m . it,& "''"f ' °l^ '°'='"'^«. Parlor, ' f...-. iture wenen i V n '^^"""/"'•e' "'.d houae- , white-ash*' ete^T'^" walnut, mahog- h'.es. .cps hot:hr''e;:.p'"T^""'' sr^« •" I thoroughly HPafionodVn,?-" ,," ""'"<'« "s^d ilo the workmSwn ''"'^'l^'^e"''"* condition, ".•«d for th s tiim an' •^^'"' '""^I'ty «'at ha.; ?e and consW.^ i„cn"!!f' ! ••''P"t»V°»' '""' "^ E-ordly .fe Son doa , ■ *=' *'''^''^- ^^'«88'-«- A. 'ters. bods baby .^r.° '" «!'"'%'«. mattresses, 'irtr;deralocafonrr''^l': T'^'"" P"'««. «*« 8r- Mr. A J I „"?,!; *" "^^'"^ "'ey exclusively '.as resided in St ^i T' ''^'" '" ^"^^ ««"f ' J native of St .lohi, 1, . ,; ""^- ^'- r^- lordly l.iHs, an Oddfellow' Z\"^ ^^'"T' " ?'»«''t "f f-' Corps of th.^firrbr/^de. ""'*"■ "' *'"' ■^'^'- 53 are pk.cc.l on the maXt Tl •''^•,"^'"' ^""'^'^ le..t' aHsortmc'ft f tunks Sarat "''*° "" •'.^'"''• :S'^:^i?S;':!r-ii'"^-!r"""'-^^ i^j^^ifiB^'^^^-r!?-^^ '".cuts to"^tonel m;-^?'",''''*''^^'"' j"^'"-' j St. Amlrew, (■haHotte ctnSy'biTt :.«",'■"* U ">' ?* •St. John since IS-W. ^' resided in street. -The grocery tri,,.Hn I ' ,' ''** ^"'"n in the City of*;^ .John Thi^' ! TT' '•«'-'°K"'«"n a city of itosize and import n,,! T "''^"'''•' '" whose enterprise hi £ M ' 't"? .'""""« ^bosc fric, is that carried on by Mr vll iarT""?'*' It was foundc.l in m'-.n 1 i- V '"""'. I>unlop. •Jan,es DunlJ ami hf'is"?- '',"* ^"*'"-'':' 'be laU, hi... his son, t'he p" e pnmrietr '"so "•'''' "'^'j well e(|uippcd premises t,, T • . '^^'-''ous and three s'tor^y br'i^S ^ "^rx'^^'"f.:?r 1^'"« "^ s.ons, with a thieo stor^v T.V; 1 , * '" 'bnien- 'iO X 40 feet, in lime's ''"f ""'^';b">'«" i" rear, earned by .Mr )nX ' -T^ '"-''"y "'■"'•'< '» oats, feed^Hour, gr« ffairit'l''^ "! «'■."''''"-. -bice. The stock is «.«^ * T'"' ","'' '''"ly pro- e..Joyed by tl is gef.tl.lr ?.?;''' TV^\- (-^^^^0^ buyer, and L.tvi^cLteC^Zf'""-' ^'^^ '^ ^■'•«b that 1,0 is alwayslMmbled to' en ':;'? '" f" """"''^*«' , and oiler special adCta«es 1,^::* " '^'""^ """■>-''''■ I trade carri^i on, wh leX^n.! f <--.>st..mers. The local and count ^ be ,« a "flv" f "''^"i ,'■"''• '« "^"'b constant employment fen^f- ".^'' J"bbmg nature, to ten hands M. |)m. *' f"7»8b«l to from four John is a gentleman wel Z' '"'"' "" " "''"^•'= "^ >^^- and excelltnt n^Ti' sr'Hf.? '''"^* '•''."'''^''' the Albion Masonic Lodge No 1 '^ "'""*'"'' °^ -•y"'uM"a?r„S Td'T' ■^'P"f-'-er, "aced in the list nf';, . l"?''"""." street. - tiHcancetoP.?., 1 ""'«8tnes which give a fon wbL if !' ■''' '"^""facturing country I premises a', x ,50 fepr.v r '^"?^les occu- Iprise a brick stii . t„~ * '''...ensions, which - =. .uraisn«a l„ four skillful workmen. 'i'S I the index to all that 1 n *'°'''''" ^^''^ i« I appliances and I "ll-tngim- "^ M^T h"'" ."'^'''l'" well-known electrician andl .1. 1 ^^xnter, the '>egan business ,\sH4 ami 'l*"^'"' 1 """« '-'''y. practical, cnci i:eti -..A^ ■. }'^'"^ thoroughly ceeded in b ihWm^"' ',f , P:;"«'''^'"«. he has suc^ which will coie '^^, 08t'fr;:"^',^"''?hb'K trade a..y similar csta Zhn e°*t in St tV' ^"l.that of .«es which arc well it", m ,„,' " "iiv "'^'"■^^"'- are 2x 40 feet in dimensio s*^ i Itf. f *^:'"'fPf''. consists of elecH-ic l„.lL *be stock can- ed keys, gups. .evoie'Haml'a,?"*''">' '"'•^■«> '"^^^s, Mr. Hunter im,vnt aZrtTon f '1''""."^ ''" '«''"'« from the best make e^f't'^" "/,'"'' f ^'t'*"'-- g^ods enjoyinggoo,leonnett ons n i mal'tpi' ?'*''*f^ .*""' doals IS enable,l to exte d to I, ^ .**'" '^'"'-■b ho lent advantages i„ p,i .p „ , b.s customers, excel- Hunter is als^'o eiXd in lo^k ''^ "^ «""''«• ^r. Kmploying as he dol. I ^ ""*' «"" «".ithing, the uti^os^ Batistt U.s"i,;T;|ltv * '''""' '" "'™ specia ty beiim nmd,. ! / '"^^riably guaranteed, a rf«..terU'K in U cfty "fit I'V"""- J' an energetic, thorou.rh n.^n .^, r..^*" "^"bn. He is ino conhdence of al' with u,!,,*.. '■' j'''"p^ ■"'>' enjoys bring hitt. in contact "'" ''"''""^«« '•«l''«on8 54 CITY OF ST. JOHN. Barry A. IWanlaiichlan, Wholesale Dealers in Hardware, .37 Dock 8t. and 30 Nelson >St. -The commercial resources of the City of St. John have within recent years been marvellously developed owing to the introduction of new blood, possessing in an eminent degree energy, enterprise, ability and all else that contributes to success in commercial undertakings. The hardware trade must be singled out as being one of the most important of the commercial resources of our country, and among those identiKed with it in St. .John Messrs. Harry & Maclauchlan rank ivs among the most piomineut and enterprising. These gentlemen, who embarked in business in April, 1886, possess a comprehensive knowledge of the hardware trade, and with every facility for the most advantageous carrying on of their enterprise, their position isat once uni(|ue and characteristic of the members of this Hrm. Messrs. Barry & Mac- lauchlan occupy premises extending from Dock St. to Nelson Street, comprising a five-storey, brick structure, being 2.') x 9() feet in dimensions. The entire structure is utilised for business purposes and is equipped throughout witb all necessary I adjuncts and everything essential to the carrying on of this particular branch of trade ; and in the front are large plate-glass windows. The stock, which is immense and well assorted, consists of full ranges of shelf and heavy hardware, including cutlery, harvesting tools, scales, paints, oils, var- nishes, glass, and builders' sundries. This firm are direct importers from England, Germany and other parts of Europe, and being in close relations with the markets in which they deal, and buying almost exclusively for cash, the facilities enjoyed by them are unsurpassed and ciiiibling them at all times to extend to the triuli; advantages of a special character. Notwithstanding the brief existence of this establishment' the trade built up is already a very large one, extending throughout the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and (Quebec. The members of the Hrm are Messrs. John Barry and William Maclauchlan, both natives of St. John. They are gentlemen widely known and highly esteemed for the posses- sion of many estimable qualities. W. nicUiannid, Druggist and .\pothecary, 49 King St.— A very old estiiblished and equally reliable pharmacy in St. John is that of Mr. S. McDiarmid, of 49 King St. This business was established by Mr. John Chaloncr forty years ago, and passed into the hands of the present "proprietor in 1883, and during its long existence has iihvays enjoyed the confidence of all classes in the locality in which it is located. The premises consist of a four-storey, brick building, with a handsome store, with electric light, plate glass windows, thoroughly equipped througliout with a fine and choice assortment of pure drugs and chemicals, surgical appliances, proprietary medicines of acknowledged merit, sponges, toilet articles, perfumery and the usual druggists' sundries. Special attention is given U> physicians' prescriptions, essentially the most important department of this profession, the cornpounding is done under the personal super- vision of Mr. McDiarmid, tlius assuring accuracy and dispatch. Amongst special preparations made up here, may be mentioned McDiarmid's Palladium Tilnimflnf. Ver of ti, naceiitioal AHsociation at ii r. MeDiarmid is an osteemp on at k have in view ; and tb ade, constituting as it iW n the commercial fabric ■ irits more than a passin, tlackadar is among the m ine here ; he has carriei! a rade since 1878. This get es that are handsomely h lit, etc. ; they are .30x70 fo irise a three-storey buildin, B of the finest of its kiiidi s it does full lines of croii silver-plated goods, fain r. Klac'kadar imports din ited States and Gerniati e with manufacturers n on the most advantagwt ose margins he i,s enabloil dvantages to his cuicoiiif 1 large city and country « . staff of three clerks. M ive of Halifax, Nova Scdt n since 187.3. He is seiii ire Brigade, District No )ddfellow circles. He i ■are energy and excmt ilities, his success, as a iii due. I Paper Bag: €0): >rietors, Manufactures Dg Tags, Wrapping PapeJ raterloo Street. — Forcinci anufacturers in the City! 'ominion Paper Bag C«i shed in 1878, by Mcssl ) are the sole propricto^ re most commodious, bcig sions, and comprise )ping tags are made n power. Employmeiitl inds, and the goods mm 9, shipping tags, wrapiul le producte are unexceli(| y of workmanship, pos lity. The trade carried extending throughout 1 Ir. D. F. Brown, the aci^ Ling's County, N. B.,i n since 1877. While! xh, is a native of this 1 men of business, energi Bssess the «8t«em and RKPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS MEN. Ihm ■ ":.P'"'i.?*'*^***' Importer of and Dealer , /v f l.„'f I' ^'^""'"K ">«' resources of a com- >"ty, that coutnhute to the consolidation of its nccml fahnc, the t.a,le carried on rchi, a »«. earthenware, and uich like, are an" n j Z It nnpoitant, and in the City o Ht. .X there a long ,>e nod of years, liaving played an imuor 1 10 U . Hay ward &, C„. l„ i^-o jv,,. uVwicL poSr^'tL"""' f'- "'^^^■'"•'' ■-"-■' i ^S3'^ ^ Se^"st;:::"'r"""^ i"-"-- ii,.fni./» 1 iiiiictss .^tieet, formnig a brick ei 8^1 "t.*"''-'^'' '!' '"-■ighta„d40x IW feet in "tiisions. 1 he premises are splendidly titted up ' 55 S ' '^M 'f,^""'''"^,".'"'" '" ('■"'" twelve to KfT " since m'>, wS .,,.:« „^^"''" ''■""''-•'I ">' St. John tsan^'^hrnlat'l""",' ^"'' ^•'>-'«'/ «"ird |,;'''''• J''"' '-'""'e to I Temperance af.d tl"*- ' 4^1 'o "^f .': '''.'^ ,-^"».« "^ thorough an(l niost reliable an f 1- ' '"-' '* " I estimable citizen. " "^ '"'«"e«s. and un community of this ..if„ '"P"' suits ot tlie business been mad/in any ^n^^lf^^; H^nrihe^K^* i"" fc%?tt^;„rLd^:i\iir^^^^^^^^ the exquisite lii and e b'art' fi„i h oi^aU *""*' '^''' leaving t'.is establishment "7,°^"". garments founded by Mr. HiKuins Tn I87Q ''""'"ess was pushed ita way into1Znl«,. f ' *""' }"f '■"PWly cellence of its wo"k iK 7°''' '">•' ^'^ *''« « port from all classes Th^"""' "■"'"y "'"-''•»' '"P- located at 182 uSstl t P'"',""'''' """"P'^' are Btprev buihirng 25 X '^'*Ct"'irr••"^'' *'»'='^ which the ground and firVf «!f >j'mensions, of purposes of the bu „eL Th """l ^'•'^?**"' *" "'« commodious and eTa vX Jf 1 '^"''t " "°* ""'^ a splendid assoiLneiU of t h» « *"''' "i* ''°"**'''« hest of Knglish looms t t. "'''* «°^''* ^'•°m the as Canadian tl«,?',"",'^°.*'.',^.r^.««tj'yl««. as well and critical custoniera'pa.'. Z"JI\" ^"9 '','V«t fu^tidious the lit and finis'^'-rfXTor^^-^^-fL^ti^ 56 CITY OF ST. JOHN. M porfoctioii itself, to ro()iiire further comment. The facilitieH of this house for the prompt fulfil- ment of orders are all that could be desired, and embrace a large staff of tiio best workmen in the city, whose operations are all conducted under the iwrsonal supervision of the proprietor. Mr. Hig- gins is a native of St. John, and is a gentleman of keen executive ability, excellent taste and judg- j mont, by the exercise of which he has built up a j large and permanent trade, lioth in the city and coimtry. A full line of gents' furnishing goods is kept in stock, comprising everything necessary for a gentleman's wardrobe in the newest styles and fashions. Gentlemen furnishing their own cloths can have them cut and made in the latest styles, and every satisfaction is, in all canes, guaranteed. Mr. Higaiiis is IVesidont of the City Comet Band, ! and is also a member of the Irish Literary and I Benevolent 8 iciety. Boniiell A. Cownn, Wholesale and Retail I Dealers in b'ineOroceries and Fruits, 200 Union St. —Owners of coasting vessels, manufacturers of lionnell's Kxtra Lime, mannfacturud at Sutton's Crossing on lino of New Brunswick Jiailway. This house was established in 1SS2, by the above firm, and is already one of the leading establishments of its kind in the City of St. .John. Tlie premises occupied are most eligible and commodious being .10x80 feet in dimensions, and in the rear are spaciou.s warehouses. The store is splendidly fit- ted np, having electric light and large plate glass fronts. A most extensive stock is carried, includ- ing choice brands of teas and coffees, sugars, flour, meal, pork, dried fish, canned goods, foreign and domestic fruif.n in season, biscuits, confectionery, spices, picklca, sauces, farm and dairy produce, cigars and tobaccos and groceries and provisions of all kinds. Messrs. Bonnell & Cowan import largely from tlie IJuited States, liandling goods of hret class ([uality. A specialty is made of teas and sugars. This firm buys for cash ; the best and cheapest markets are at all times open to them en- abling them to offer to their customers special advantages in price and quality of goods. Messrs. Bonnell & Cowan carry on a very extensive whole- sale and retail trade, the former extending througli- outthe Maritime Provinces; giving employment to six clerks, and assistants. The members of the firm are Messrs. F. S. Boiniell and A. L. Cowan, both natives of St. .lohii. 'I'hey are well known as being energetic, enterprising and representative men of business, whose dealings arc uniforndy staightforward and upright. Win. Robl>, Manufacturer of Harness and Saddlery, 204 Union t.— Among the industries which exert a potent uijuence in the connnunity where they exist, i.'- the manufacture of harness and saddlery, constr ting as it does one of our important staple indualries. Among those promin- ently identifieM( in its uli fancy ^t I'd goods, pPflHii'i', tills fuU lino of f TImsv import laj^jri [loition .Mcditcira Statei teil .Stated isli West iry largo i 'inces, an( h they do fities, the i to offer facter. M Co., N.: Ic his parti Mr. Ii liiiient citi in in the [mumber o Andrew in, he is > le. Ho hf •« of the .\ ling k Doi ity ports be Htated i 187.;). Tl admirably ;;ora;{e, am intention ii nmn for d, port of Sl siate with t «eo. Robertson & Co.. Wholesale Groe. and West Tmlia Merchants, .TO King St.— Situat on the Atlantic seaboard, peculiar facilities ;, afforded the Maritime Provinces for the devilii|^ menl; of their commerce, their shipping inU: are important, and the advantages enjoyed ... rivalled scarcely anywhere on this continent. Thfi close connection with the West Indies has deveiu ed a very appreciable trade, and the product '• <'OU(fhl lb(!rs of all line trade SfefJiiliii, and, i character leiicc, but 1 [nieroe of th ;liaracter of trade, the i :eiia are en '^ in a worii 6 REPRESENTATIVE BUSINESS AfEN. 57 Kobb has been sole pro 11 occupies moat eligiliii 58 on Union Street, liiin. s, with woikaliop in i. ns. Hoth are well tin (I oinployniont ia furiiisli, who are ongnged iu tl of harnesH and aiidillri i the produotH being of tli ; arge and steadily grov\ in. always on hand a lur;- id double harness of al rcingles, curry-combs, llv sponges, jards, lianiK lb imports a portion of lit atcs, and his connectini, iianiifacturer and dcalu 10 lowest iiossiblp pri member of St. Uavi( Merchant Tailor, 78 (in it house, and one tliat i ilume of its busiiiesN, n t of Mr. John K. Coiiln!; licli was foundeil by tl, 1, and since its inccptiH enjoyed a liberal and ii s premises occupied a; pted to the business, mi ■iclt building, 18 x fiO U< ;ed, and fitted with evci ecution of the busiius' to experienced hami.- Bs front, is stocked wit rd fabrics forgentleinoi h and Canadian twee.l^ ids, woollens, etc., all < e newest patterns, wliii: lie greatest care, and ii ble to meet the wants i : but cajytblc and rcliaLi first-class workiimnsliif I can always be dcpemli- ado to order in the iiii.> lity and country trade, amcrs are supplied in tl native of St. .lohii, w. i with (Jleneross & ('. ir Htuennan & Schwci ugh master of his Ims g no cflFort to give Siiti Co.. Wholesale Oroiic , MKingSt.— Sitiiu„. , peculiar facilities aif ivinces for the develoi| iheir shipping intett is a native of this • Mr. Uobertson, who is one of the most lunent citizens in St. John, was for some time Sam III the St John's City Light Infantry, he nieiiiber of St. Andrew's Society ; and elder t. Andrews I'lesbytcrian Church, and in ad- in, he 18 a member of St. John's Board of Hfi has liitely purchased from the lioui- [laot the Maritime ISank, the Maritime Warc- fiiig .t Dock Co. ; also the Victoria Wharf leity pertaining thereto. This ComiKiny it lie stated was incorporated (.SO \ic.. (.'ap. I !■_') I8/.S. The waftihouscs and wharf iiroperty admirably hicate.l, and allord great facilities ttoia;{e, and shipping both by rail and water, -^intention is to make the Company one of the nMWiiiiMs for developing the trade of Canada in port of St. John, N.B. Mr. Kobertson will iiate with him a partner. This gentleman iKJgan business in 1874, a very satisfactory trade has been built up. The premises occupied are 20 x X, feet in .limensioiiM, forniing part of a three storey brick building. A large and we I ae8sort.Ml stit l;_..iU, .1 out the Maritime I'roviu(^8'; The premises ocvupfeU 58 CITY OF ST. JOHN. aru 18x80 foot in iliniunsioiiH ; hoiii^ will (itttnl up for tlio piir|M)kOH of tlio himiiiOHM Kiiiployinoiit ih fiiininliiMl to from twclvo to liftooimkilfiil workmen who iiro (in^ajjiHl in tlui inanufiuituru of " Kit/- Koriilil'H.StuHni Kiidiiitor'' wliioh liuk Miicured for itti iiivt!iit()r a widu Mpruad and widl in^' in all its hramOiuM, and jjaHllttiuf^, trucking a Hpo.ialty of johliing work. .\ larj^o and uxuollont stock of goods IH alHo carriod inoluding steam tit- tingi ;liot wator lioatin^, gas and pluinlierH' HuppliuH, lead and iron pipii-rtttinga of all kiniln ntwiin and liot wtttoi boilers, furnaces, radiators, coils and " Kitzgorald's I'atent Radiator." Mr. l-'itzgurald was horn in St. dohn. K. D. ITIcAl-llllir. Wholesale and Retail DruKgist.Manufacturor of SodaWattir, .VJ CMuirlotte St.-Whenwe consider the great numher of niishaps that have taken place from ignorance, carelessness and want of experience in 'conipounding proscrip- tions and medicines, it is a matter of congratulation to point out to the .citizens of ,Sr. Jolin, a pharnuicy where the high character of its nianagoment renders such mistiikes absolutely impossible. .Such a one is that of Mr, R. I) McArthur, of No. ')!» Charlotte .Street, which was founded many years ago, and since its inception has attained a liberal and influential patronage from ail classes of society owing to the unsurpassed character and (juality of the various i)harmaceutical preparations. Mr. McArthur was born in St. John in 18*25, and commenced the study of his profession under Or. Livingstone, and in 1H48 connuenced business for himself, since when he haa ever occupied an honored place in the ranks of the pharmaceutical fraternity. The premises occupied are spacious, convenient and elegant, with a handsome store, 20x60 feet in dimensions, with pkte-glass win- dows and supplied with an electric light, here is carried a large and varied stock of the finest drugs and chemicals, proprietory medicines of acknow- ledged merit and reputation, fancy toilet articles, perfumery, mineral waters, dye stuffs, paints, oils, varnishes, and druggists' sundries, with an eapeoi- ally Hue assortment of genuine Havana cigars. There is no tlepartn)ent of the drug business so important as the careful, conscientious and intelli- gent compounding of physicians' prescriptions and family recipes, and this branch holds a paramount position in this eotablislnneut. In this connection no one more fully appreciates the resijonslbility that rests upon him than Mr. McAithur, and for this purpose he is supplied with the beat and purest drugs and chemicals, and gives employment to a number of fully competent and experienced assistants. As a manufacturer of soda water, Mr. McArthur enjoys a wide reputation ; his soda fountain is one of the jinest and most elaborate in the Dominion, and very superior (pialities of OtUwa beer, ginger ale, soda water and Buffalo Mead are turned out. Mr. McArthur haa always taken a keen interest in public affairs. He served in the Common Council for nine years consecutively representing Prince Ward as Councillor for four years and an Alderman for five ; he ia also a mem l)er of the St. Andrew's Society. The business u Imth wholesale and retail, all giKwls are importnl direct, and a large city and country trade is dono. A. 4.'lii|»iiinii Minllli A. Vn., DruggiHtH arnl Apothecaries, No. 1 Clity Market Kuiiding, Chai lotto Stieet. —So much do|)ondH on the skill, care, and personal eharoctor of the druggists, in Hllin;' the proHcriptiim of the physician for ailing human I ity, that wc^ are naturally led to be mo- o exacting perhaps, as to hi-s ijualifioation.i, than in the ca.s( of any other pursuit of life. It is with peculiiir I satisfaction, then, that wo recogni/e gentlemen in this protiMsion, possessing, in an eminent degree, those high attainments which entitle them to .)iit regard as .skilled and experiencerl pharmacists. 'ITie histfiry of the house of Messrs, \. Chipniiui, Smith* Co., of N„. 41 Charlotte Sti eet, form.s ii portion of the very history of the city of St. John. Mr. William Howe Smitli, a son of Dr. Nathan Smith, who was among the Loyalists that carm> 1 and founded the city in 1783, opened up busim™ as a ilruggist and aiK>thocary in 1791. In 18'il, his son \lr. \' illiaiu O. Smith, succeed il, a!ul lor the long period of fifty years was sueccssfully eii gaged in this pursuit. On his death in March, IS7I, his 8(m, Mr. A. Chipman Smith, who, from his early youth, had been associated with the l)um ness, succeeded, and, in 1882, took in iw his pait ner Mr. Struan Robertson. In the three memorabh fires of 18;t7, 183i» and 1877, which proved so de structive to property in St. John, this house wiis, on each occasion, a sufferer ; and, on the last octii I sion, they removed from the Market Situare to I their prest-nt ciuarters in Charlotte Street. Tlieyl here occupy a substantial four storey brick build I ing, ."to X 50 feet in dimensions, of which the grouiull and first floors are utilized for business purposes,! ami here is carried a very full assortment of tliel choicest and purest drugs and chenncals, surgical I instruments, desirable and popular patent medi f cines, perfumery, toilet articles, dye stuffs amll ilruggists sundries. Special attention and personiiil supervision given to the compounding of physicians f prescriptions, and the fitting of ships' medicinci cheats. Of their own preparations special mentidiil must be made of Smith's Anti-bilious Mixtuie.l Hair Tonic, Stringent Cordial, Trotter's Balsam ofl Horehound, with other well known specific com | pounds. A large city and country trade is doiicl the services of six assistants being required. Mr.f A. Chipman Smith, the head of this house, is a native of St. .John, and has ever been identilieilL wilh the beat interests of the city ; he tilled tliil hi^jh position of Mayor in 1874 75, he was CliicJ Kngiueer of the Fire Department from 1878 tol 1882 ; he is now, and has been for the last livJ year.s. Chairman of the Water Commissioners ; inl IS a J ustice of the Peace for the City and Countyl of St. John, and is a Commissioner of the I'ulilicl Hospital. Mr. Strnan Itobertaon was born inl Westmoreland County, N. B., and came to the! city in 18(i4, for four years he studied with Mr. J.] Chaloner, and from 1872 to 1882, was with Mr. .A.l C. Smith, in the latter year being taken into parti nership. Mr. Robertson became a member ot tli«l New Briuiawick Pharmaceutical Society on ibi formation in 1883. RKPRKSKNTATIVK MUSINKSS MKN. S9 Dnytd Brown. Maiiufnoturer of lliirncK^ I »n. ( oIlaiH, 1» ChurlntU) .Street. ThU Ua.IiiiK uii.l **','"""*" «8t»l>liHliiiieiit Wtt« foiiii.led in ISIM by I \\ ilimm Brown, who carried on tlie l)UHii,i.m. until tl»- year of hiH .loath in I8.',(l, when he wa» iiu-coode.l I'y \\. .1. ISrown, hiH nephew. In l,S(ir), he I wiiH Hucceeiled by hit) brother (Joorge Brown ; and Mils.O. tlie present pi. .prietor, Mr. Davi.l llr.)wn.' aflsiu.KMl the buainess. The store is 2.') x 40 feet in .lniioim..iiu. well arraiiKo.! for the most convenient I ciiiiying on of the buHUiesH. Kinployment h fur- nished to seven skillful workmen, who areonKaued in the inamifacturB of sin^de an.l .louble carriaae, lUnu an.l lumber harnesH, and a sp<.,ialty is made |..f hoiHO ollars. The products are what mii;.!and well assorted stock, cinbracini; full lines lot hiukIo an.l double harness, driving and farm llmi-se collars, g.mts' an.l ladi. s' sa.ldles, horw ■cl..thinK, harncdd trimmings, whi|,H, combs, brushes, ■it.-'. Air. Hrown imports harness mountiuKH and' Itriiiimings from Knglaiul an.l the United States, I ■ami Ills excellent connections in all the uarkets In ' ■wlmh he deals, place him in most favorable conipe- ■tition with all similar local establishnicntH, so that ■he can exten.l to his customers, in price an.l .iiiality *>t go.Hls, very superior advantages. Mr Hrowu k>ii|oys a large city and country tra.le, the latter lieiiiK the largest of its kin.l in St. loin Mr |.r<.wn, who was born in this city, is a shrew.j -hn.l thorough man of business, an.l possesses the kimlhlence and esteem of the entire community. I tlildinKton «:inerrltt,(irocers and Fruit ■ Halcrs, ,i.) Charl.)tte .Street. - Among the cominer- liiil ies..ur..'esof a community few can bo of greater |in|M.itance than the grocery trmlc, an.l amoiiL' iliosc cngage.l in it in St. .John, Messrs. I'u.hling- "11 * Merritt are am..iig the most pr.imiiieiit. This Jell known house was establislie.l in ISOl by I;",T I've, ''"','' '"'.H'"".' '*''"' '■'"''■''^'' "" t'"' •"tslnes.H I u ■; " !«" Mr. Kwmg retire.1. being succee.led fy Mr. It. h. Puddnigtoii. In l,S74. Mr. ,J K rulitiJigton became associateil with the linn, aii.i [lie biKsiiiess was carried on under the style an.l liiii.jf R. h Pnd.liiigt.)n & Co. I„ IS77, R. R. luil.liiigton died, and until ISSOthe busiiie.sN was lairie.l on by Mr. J. K. Pu.l.liiigt.m, an.l the de- K'^uscd .s estate, when the latt.M .Iroppe.l out, an.l |lr. Merritt became a member .)f the firm. In IS,S1 fic s<,nmr member .li.d, since which time Mr', I ciTitt has been 8.de proprietor, although the name ■I I lie tiiiii IS still retained. Conimodiceri..s pi'l pi ovisions, inclu.ling foreign an.l .l.miestic fruit.^ ■1 scas.)n, .hie.l fruits, canned goods, pickles, sauces, ■• 1 he entire stock i received .liiect from the lixt markets, an.l is b.,ught for cash, unrivalle.l Teilities being enjoye.l, enabling Mr. Merritt to Menil sp..cial inducements to his cust.mierB. The ii-t' trade enjoyed is Ijotli city and country, uiviiiu iUUloVlllfillt 1.1. toi. ho.wU. »!,. \t !^^ ! " ..° ^1 I'-iif. v-: ',~~.: — ■ '•'«"'!"• !3 ;: native 1 Llittou, King a County, N.B., and has resided in ■St .lojinsim,, |H(|7. He is a shrew. I, eiieigeti.- man -jt biiHin..s.s, wh.me lionoiuble and straightforwar.l .lealings have secui-.l f..i him the confiilenee of all h<^ iDineH III c.iiitiut with. Joliii .4llliiKliain, Harness Mamifactiirer. IJ) Charhitte St. -The in.lust- ial ivMoiirces of the City of .St. .John are of no sioidl iiii|)ortan..s an.l the manufacture of liarn.'ss must ever rank pr..iiii. ently among those of ..very community : in th.^ City of St. .lolin It is well leprcHented. .Mr. .(ohn Alliiigham being one of the best known her., i.len J'w-o *'■*'[, *''■'' '"''"»t'y lie lH!gaii business in IN..iand by the producti.m of strictly first class gooils an.l fair an.l generous treatipent of ciistomerH a large local trade has been built up, which is constantly incu'asing. Mr. Allingham occupies most eligible premises at No. 15 Charlotte Street being IS X IWt fei't in .liinensi.ms, which f.irm part of a substantial thr.ie-storey, brick .stnictur.' The store IS well titte.l up and fully e.,uippe.l for the purposes .)! the business, including electric light I and plate glass front. Kmploymeiit is furnishe.l to SIX competent an.l exprienced workmen, and a I strictly sUn.lar.1 .|uaht> of g...,da is turned out. 1 he products include all kin.ls of single and double harness, the make an.l finish being notfvbly of the above .,uality. A large stock of goo.ls is conhtantly on haii.l, embracing a full line of single ami .louble harness, collars, blankets, whips, curry combs, halters, lap-rugs and everything relating t.) the hariu'ss an.l horse ..lothing tra.le. Mr. Alling- ham imp)rt8 a large .piantity .if his stock from the Unite.I Stat.'.M, such as whip.-, lap-rugs an.l harness triiiimings, his cmnections airording him special facilities, which enable him at all times to exten.l t.> his customers peculiar advantages. He is a gentleman widely known and highly esteemed being a thor.)iigh an.l representative man of busi- nesii. nowliiitf Bros., dealers in Dry (1..o.Ih, 4!) Charlotte Street.- The ilry goods tra.le is renr..- sented in the City of St. .John by gentlemen of well known energy and ability, an.l among those in that line, whose success is assui.-.l here ar.- Messrs. Dowling Bros, They began business in ISNb, and notwithstan.ling the gratifying results or the first year, tlieir trade during tli.' present one, has, so far, doubled. They occupy eliuibli. ' premises at 4!) Charlotte Street, being 20 x 40 feet I in .hmtmsions, with plate glass I ,„t. A full range i of staple and fancy dry g.io.ls is, at all ti s, ,m hanil : silks, satins, gloves, hosiery, .iblMws. gents' furnishings, etc. They import .Ircss g.i.xls, hosiery gloves and ribb.,ns from Knglau.l, an.l buying, as they do, for cash, and enjoying intimate connec- ti.ms m the ii'arkets In which thev ileal, tli.'y are, at all times, in a position to otfer Hpecial iii'duco- ments to customers, in pri.M .„d ,,uality of goods. J heir traile is prin.:ipally a local one, an.l employ- ment IS given t.) seven clerks or salesmen. The members of the firm are Messrs. B. .J. .\: Thoma.s Q. Powling, born in Albert ( oimty, New Bruiis wick. They have resided in St. .John since ISIMi. ami for a long iieri.Ml of y<.,us have Ix-.-n pn,- mineiitly identihed witli the .Iry goo.ls trade of tnn City, r.,vMl,^ j„rvi...i.Hly beei; nl..ntiticd with the farm of Uaniel & Boyd. 6o CITY OK ST. JOHN. A. A J. Hny, Deateix in (MrxIcH, Wntrhim, Jewellery, "li KinK Mtroet. Among thu lint of In.liiii- tritw proiMiioMt ill our city uiid country thutof tln< Wiitcliiimltcr luiil jowelliir takuH a IiIkIi |MiKitioii, itiiil ill tlii» liiit< wu httvc Htiveral of our mont |iroiiiiimnt I'itizeiin ciigiigiMl. A reiirrHciitutivi! JDWcllcry «<»■ tuldiHliiiii^iit of St. .lohii, anil one that willcompiiif^ favoiahlv witli any uontuiiiiiorary, {h that of Momhin. A. A .J. flay, of 7tl KiiiK Streot. 'I'liiM Iiuhiiiuhii wiw t'HtaliliHlifd by thii iireHuiit prMprictoiH In IHHU, niiuio wliiii t li.iH, liy tlie oiierny. zoal and husiiieiui abili- tifiM . Iienc gentleiniiii, |iiih>iimI itwlt into the front rank ./I tlid jnwolK'iy Iioumoh of tlio city. The |iri<;(lcoiii|iriH<)aHul)8taiitial four.>ttorcy hrick luiihliiig, coiii|iriHiiig a neatly an mj^ml store, I:! X an feet in iliiiieitMioiiM, with jilrtte jjIiuim front. MesHiM. Hay iiniHui everything iliicct from the ■4 Kiigliftli. (Jeniian and American markets, and arc enabled to cater to tlie most fastidiouM tastes of the liublic ill every d(^i(artmeiit of the jewellery Inisi- iieso. The memberH of this firm are thoroiigllly skilled and practical in every detail of their busi- ness. They employ three experienced assistants, and manufacture to order any kind of work in gold or silver, while repairing in all its branches receives prompt attention, every satisfaction being guaran- teeil. The stock carried is a very full and com- prehensive one, and embraces a large variety of elegant jewellery, silver and plated -ware, optical goods anil all kinds of fancy articles, in the most chaste of designs and beautifully finished; also diamonds and precious stones hKjse, which will be mounted into any desired design. A varied asaortuient of the tiiiest gold and silver watches is kept, both of American and Kurojiean make, in all grades and at prices U> suit all. The individual members of this firm are both natives of ,St. John, prompt and reliable in all transactions, and all goods purchased from this establishment are guaranteed as represented. Kobfrt fllllcr. Dealer in (lioouin;., I, ('harlotte Street. The grocery trade must cv. form an iin|>ortant staple in the oommeroe of e\(.iil community ; and no in the c inercial capital of stf .John, we hnd it largley ropreHent >1 I life, lie is a shrewd and enterprising man of In 1 ness, whose dealings have lieeii uniforndy fair I g'snerouH. I Will. ITIurplit A Co.. Importers ot ii I Dealers in IManos, Organs and Musical Merchan.lJ of every dtscription, F'icturps, Kraines, eti 1 ; Charlotte .Street.— 'The music establishment ot .Vf ; VV . Murphy is located at No. 4 Charlotte Stn., where it was founded by this gentleman in hi I In I8S2 he iwsociated with him in the business .m| l>. Webster who, however, retired in the foil, year, Mr. Murphy being now sole propiiili trading under tlie style of Wni. Murphy \ The wareroom, which is well fitted up and i \>, lently arranged, is '2(1 x 40 feet in dimensions, vi large plate glass fronts. Mr. Murphy handles a goods of leading manufacturers in both the LnitJ States and t'anada, having constantly in ' American and Canadian organs, and Iversit I'oni upright mid square pianos. A full line of mii» inerchandihc is also carried including viuIlJ banjos, accordeons, concertinas, violin strings, pJ fancy goods, iiKmldings, etc. Mr. Murphy ih iij engaged in picture framing, and in this braiichl his enterprise he has obtained a flattering distiJ tioii. A liberal trade and patronage has I* steadily extended to him, and that ot which lie now in enjoyment will compare most favoiali with that enjoyed by similar local establishinoDl Mr, Murphy, who is a native of ,St. .lohn, if gentleman of well-known energy and eiitei|J In 1871 he embarked in the manufaoture of orj( at I'etiicoiliac, N.h , known as "New Brunswii Drgaiig, but finding that ho could not conip with formidable contemporaries throughout !• country, and that he could purchase for less tij he could manufacture, he abandoned the onterpJ in 1878, since which time he has continued iuj ever-growing mercantile trade. RRPRESKVTATIVK RUSIVKSS MF.N. r.i iiliir ill liiiii;uiiu», li, oc«ry tniile mint nv II the coiiimerue of inch oniiiK-rc'iiil L'apjtel of st| ri'H<'nt<'il. Ainiiii){ tlnml niit:oi ; and this aoooiii liy him ; which in loij tiller JH a native of In Ht. .lohii nearly al! 11 iturprisiiig man of In i| ll)c«n uniformly fair 'O., Importers of att nd MiiHical Merchamit tniTH, Kraiiit'8, etc lie uHtabliHhmentof .Vj Vo. 4 Charlotte Stn IiIh >;ciitleiiiaii in [K\ him in the liiiHini'MM .\l| rc^tiicd in the folluwii now sole proprioli^ ' Will. Murphy A ij II fitted up and i.vu eet in dimonsioiiH, w'i r. Murphy hundhs •erK in hoth the I'niti Ij conxtantly in hJ aiiB, and I vers & INjuI A full line of in led ineludinf{ vicjIiJ lias, violin Htrinya, pt| Mr. Murphy i» and in this hianohl 'd a Hatteriiifj distiij patronage liaH lid that ot wliioli lif iiipare most favoiall r local establighiniD ivo of St. .lohii, i'l nergy and Piiter|iii{ manufacture of orj I as "New Brun.swiii le could not coiiip •aricM throughout Jurcliase for less ii andoned the enterfl ! has continued iii| le. Het.il I l.,»|„i« in llaU. ( aps and' Fur" m (''haHnTtl r*""""""'' '^- -anufactilrer». thi. tirni U i.reimre.l .mt..,pn«..aiid ability „f th,«,e engaKe.! in ft A a,.!^' ""."'i'' ^^ "»''"" '"'• >-^«-".ed,^ „,« ,* .oune pit,ni neiitly idei.tilied witi, this I rUch ) ' ther"?""' t" «'"" """y """-'"' tion , " 1 hit lss;:t.^^Mrt!.X'i-.::-^ji--j^^^^^^ It!...! up and fiillv eipiipp.,.,, with h;rK;'prtr:'Cs front Among tfie well assorted st-K-k are li', b^ i Nt-class jewelry house is here to In, f „ , , ?f le imlivi.lual i,ie,i,l«rs of this liim. Mr j ••'•iguson was born at Amherst N ^ i t" Xt. John in isill ' '""""•"'. N. M., and oam,. LodJ, f if ' "',' '" """"'l-i- of llil«.rniaii I;:.'.'.'«" •;' 'M-^'-J'-. '""I » ehart.T meiid^.r of th. .,.;,i, ,. , "• •""■. "till anil straw hats Lodi/.. ..f vi ■" » ukihimt oi i iixtrn an «itl" » Kei'cial assortment of hat« caiw tm-' it^ Masons, and a eharti-r memlK.r of t .Sdovos, umbrelhw. etc. The sfa.ck beii.i, T:. i' "*""-'"" ''"''K" "'f Oddfellows. Mr I r |.' • lurKely from Knglaml and ^t irn'!'t^d''"sC''' t.,,":.''';: '^.t'.e city. |,..th u^lltlc'Iien „ o"*^., ? With -access to th^ b e i ^i d clZ,e rZuJ^'"" 1 ''•'-,", "" " "..joying Krst.class fHoilities;\KL ke is piZ i "" '''^'"' '"■"■ p.:r-ie«;::-sy-teEK^^^ {st. idin. ^He^,.^es.s Jc^iis :^:.r:rf Ir;!? ''■" urlott., Street The City of ,St. sente.1 in the way of publi,..a.c„iii. »vel ers and others, wliom business 1 • , .,. . i"'"'""'""' «^\<;eiienc exeiuitivc iiiul >,>. .,1 • •" jii>. ,,i.ic«r l.usiness abilities, ami f, his well-directed , mi '' ' ' ' i''" ""'y ««" to the ,ity, I p..., s.»»i„y ^r„.,.,.„ ,„„,^ ' '•"■■; •>.. ArSntrmt',*;, ',1 ':rr i»ii- ™rKta,iKs .'c.r.s;::a;.r.'; ^ r^f ;»t.on, much experience and i iwiW 1 "^....T',:r.. '^''■''' .4'''"« '» " lady of ex- com- • A !• V.T ■••■■'"■■<' mm upeneii m ISSO Mr^'-'*"";''^' ^''■"' -^'^rtin, 'but in May Mrs. (ollins, the pre. sent proprietress! its successful piosecutr;;; m ^h '^ip^ ^r^m ' ^ :. '* "r '""'■•«■ ^''■«" i^i ns i rzzr:^ «ip.ta. The vagaries of fashion Snoe tli' 1?^^^^ "' '"f''. '»''- '""' f"r..urly „w Ll t^^ Th d L*t "l^-^'l"^- *•?*■ --"« "f the publ'i^ ho^r"V?l ' ,,±:; ^ ''!!:■"'-'>. *<• .ix'1'ula.i.e thi ..t ^ fctri^" "r '--''"''J^'i-tr^'r';;^^.,^:" «;.7"i-d"to ai.tiji,;;;^;ih;::;r:r'r ST ineieiMling house in this line in St. John is that '■ Inft^ si.. ^ ."■ •" -—-•■""> locaieci at IO!»('har v'i.mtte.i parii;e;i':i;;"",sso; mv.^. rI'Tzt. ^-T"- 7'" ''"''«'»'- 'h^d' C^'ieKC:;;;, in I.SS'2, Mr. W. (;. Page retired in I jfx-u ' i**"* "P'*'"'" '''^""'^ with reKiHt,.r8 w li le thrf' Sinalley also retire.l and Mr Vf P . '" '^'''Jope" K'-ates in the parlom Tlw. h". • '" "'■'' k foumler of the L^ l!;i;anl^rm. Xr ^'t^ ^^t^'"' -^ -" n-uiiiol "rZ Nt..d up st<«re, with plate glass ulnd..ws%)y>^f^i^-ri '^'"'''"' '""'*"' '"'■ ""ly yimmt being given to a stall' of practical and experienced assistants. Mr. Wilson manufactures all styles and \arieties of saws, including circular, mill, niulay and shingle cross-cut, drag, gang »nd ice saws, ete. The saws made at this factory find a ready market in all parts of tlie Maritime I'ro- vinces, and have a thoroughly established standard reputation. Mr. Wilson also manufactures extra sizes and descriptions to order, and gives prompt attention to orilera by mail or otherwise. Mr. Wilson is a native of ,St. .lohn, and is thoroughly ex|)erienced in every detail of the interesting and impoitant busines.s he controls, and which, as a reaidt of per.sonal energy and enterprise, has been so materially developed. ITIe<>l-ntll Bros., dealers in (Jroceries and Provisions, 22;} Union Street.— The grocery trade is well represented in the City of St, John by a number of reliable, responsible houses, whose reputation for dealing only in the best of goods is well esta1)lished. Amongst those who in this connection are deserving of ail honorable mention, special notice must be made of the house of Messrs. Mc(irath Hrothers. of 223 Union Street. These gentlemen do a thorough live business as dealers in groceries anil provisions, having founded the enterprise they now control in 1877, since which time tlieir trade has been a steady and annually increasing one. 'J hey occupy a two storey build- ing, 'M X ()0 feet in dimensions, where they carry in stock a choice assortment of fresh and salt meats, hams and bacon, fresh eggs, and country produce generally. In the grocery department are to be found the purest of teas and coffees, sugars, spices, molasses, condiments and table delicacies of all kinds. A very choice variety is carried of her- metically sealed goods in tin and glass, namely ; lobsters, corn, tomatoes, oysters, peaches and corned beef, while a specialty is made of jellies and jams. Kmployment is given to three hands and a sub- stantial trade is done, both city and country. The individnal memliers of this firm are Mr. L. Mc- (Jrath and Mr. M. McCJrath, the former born in Ireland, wlio came here when young, and the latter a native of St. John, both known as enter- pri:-ing business men. comprising choice grades of lamps with plain, frosted and colored globes, lamp goods, chandeliers, china, glassware, crockery, silver-plated ware, and a general assortment of fancy goods. Mr. (filmoiir imports lamps, oils and glassware from the United States, and crockery from Knglaiul, dealing only with leading and long established houses. The entire stock is bought for cash, and the facilitiis enjoyed by this gentleman, for the most advaii tageous carrying on of his trade, are unrivalleij. Mr. (jilmour, who is a native of St. John, is a gentleman widely known and highly esteemed, being a thorougli and most reliable man of business. Clifton House, A. N. Peters, Proprietor, 74 Princess and 141 and I4.'{ (iermain Streets.- In a work of this kiad that treats of the resources (jf the tity of St. John, and which is destined to !» read by those residing elsewhere, it is, of cours<', our duty to speak of an establishment where visi tors repairing to this cKy for business or pleasure, will be enabled to find all the comforts of home in addition to every attention, civility and conveiii ence possible to a residence and sojourn in a pul)lic hotel. The Clifton House, one of the best and uklsI comfortable in St. John, was opened by its present proprietor, Mr. A. N. Peters, in 1878. and hiis ' I iurnishing trade, that of H. H. (Jilmour * (;o. is conspicuous and ilesorving f notice in a woi i of this kinil. It was established in 1884, by the present proprietor, Mr. K. B. (iilmour, and by well-directed energy and perseverance a largo and flourishing city and country tiade has been built up. Mr. (iilnumr occupies commoilious premises, being 18 x ">(» feet in (limci ons, and with plate glass front, and comprise a three storey building. A large and excellent assortment of goods is carried. adjacent places of interest in the city. The buihung isal four storey brick structure, 40 x 80 feet in dim. n f sicras, with office, reading, smoking, and sittiiiKj rooms : also, rooms ch mite, with bath and e\cn| convenience attached. There are some thhtjj spare bedrooms, all spacious, cheerful and weii lighted. The house is heated throughout by steitiii.) an.l lighte.lburn & Co. This ^ f«Z' °* ^''^"'- J- «• i» IW.'i, by Mr WoolTn.r T J"" "established the lattir ^f win Ttft Vl8S-^'Mr V- ^.'''' '..m- con.lucting the ent^rp, ^se alo ' W^"°''l'".™ I" spacKus three storv hr!„l 1 ■?!■ "** occupies i» ;'i'"e"Bio„8 s uppld :5tb "tfp";^' f •' '^ '"''' h,Mhtn '«Hchinery, o^ rated bl -"u** ""proved hiiL' ne Tl.«, {<^ "poiateil by a b) horse nower f'ener:tion^ar: prXtr'ti 1^"'''''^ *»•« "«'»K h'l-Iy and ccnfoeHnn ^ '" '"'S''** consumers of productions o?Cr .."Lufl^!!:*"' '^^A''« = '*■"^ the H"e and .lelicio s luxTn-lt ■■' °' 'hese whole- kith timse of F In" wM T """P"**' f'^v.-rably H"o.I, has bee, onst'l^'-'I'i. """'"*'">• ^"' " '""K h'ni'laotureallkin-'.ani • .• "J"^*"'"' * Co- "Iv the very'i^T and pures't*o?l''?'''!=^;"°r.'^' M«< . and a Ur.r„ T 1 P?"^^" <>' materials being Iariti„;^.Uifc:B™nd H •p"'' .">'ou«l>out thf f'^ \Voodburn devot. , Province of Quebec. h'cnMH.ntirto thp , — "' ^'''"■«°f practir.1 klveriKor fuc^ess att^n'l'^l'r^ °^ *" '"'P'-ove.l h this connectLn an^ "'i?",r'''"''"''J»bor8 Hverizer, spedallv ZfJ^x /""""^ P'oduced , h^ Wa,^*^S.:>3^^" j^"- P"^^^in« gran ilatedsuga7";i:;c^h """*"'" ^f' P»'^"i^ing gran* ^..-,.,- , , - - . '"'H.la,(i,eatBS"t^'^>r^«^Pa'^^^^^^ in the large Ldv^We "Tl"^ ^"'-^^'^ '^'«I'I"V o ^ith a four horse xrnZL ""^'^V^* establishments, with black WRlnnfP-^ '=..*''"• stoieis furnished ■ovcd I', ,, ■ I'VW'cr engine i • vviin rcgartl to prices. -i 64 CITY OF ST. JOHN. thiu reHponsil)!!! huusc ia wuU known an thu cheapust uinporiuni in the city at which to purchaao tlieso claaBt'B i)f articles. Some twelve teuding on the honor and character of the house from which they are obtained, thM.t dealers and jolibers will Hnd it Ut their advantage to procure their supplies from Messrs. Sullivan & ('o. , whose long established reputation makes theii- represen- tations thoroughly reliable. The tiade is strictly wholesale and exteuds to all parts of the Maritime Provinces. Mr. Sullivan is a native of tliis city, and is highly regarde. Machinists, ;i6 to 40 Waterloo Street, Sole Proprietors in Cana