■-> IMAGb EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) ^^ y. f/. fc ^ 1.0 I.I yo "^ 1^ IM ^ US. IM ■lUU IL25 ill 1.4 1.6 % • BY R. P. HOWARD, K. D., Dean of the Faculty. REPORT OF SPEECHES /CT THE I^ANqUET, ^INDSOR J^OTEL, OcT. 3TH, 1882. p;0tttrrnl : GAZETTE PRINTING COMPANY. 1882. L. meBoiHAffo umoettAimic ce moftmcAL MI^;i)ICAL FACULTY, Mc(;il.! COLLHCIL Semi-Ccntennial Celebration. INTRODUCTORY ADDRESS: A Skktch of the Life of the late Dk. G. W. Campbell, AND A Summary of the Early History of the Faculty, BY R . p. HO WA R D , M . D . , Dean of the Faculty. REPORT OF SPEECHES /iT THE BAtaqUET, ^yj^INDSOR |>iOTEL, pCT. ^TH, l88ii. pontvcut : GAZETTE PRINTING COMPANY. I S 8 2 . TIir<] INTRODUCTORY ADDRESS OF TIIK FIKTIKTH SESSION OF TlIF MFDICAl, FACUIVrY OF McOlLL IINIVFRSITV. i;i:iN() A SKKTCII OK Till': IIISTOKV (IK Till'] KACni/rV AND OF TflK l-IKK OK TIIK I.AI'K KKAN, ank now stands. The branches then taught v.ere : Princii)les and P-acticc of Medicine, by Dr. Caldwell ; Surgery, Anaton.y and Physiology, by Dr. Stephen- son ; Midwifery and the Diseases of Women and Children, by Dr. Robertson ; Chemistry, Pharmacy and Materia Medica, by Dr. Holmes. It was originally intended that Dr. Loedel should have taught Materia Medica, but for reasons nov/ unknown, neither he nor his iuunediiite successor, Dr. Lyons, appears to have given lectures in the Institution. It is deserving of mention, that of the founders of the first medical school in Canada, one, Dr. Stephenson, was a native Canadian, and another was educated in Canada, having come to this country when only four years of age ; and from that time to the present, the Medical Faculty of this University, into which, as you will presently learn, the Montreal Medical Insti- tution passed, has been largely composed of native Canadians. Indeed, at this moment, every member of this Faculty but one is by birth a Canadian, and, what is more significant, with the same single exception, every member of it received his medical degree in course at this University before he went to Europe to erect a superstructure upon the broad foundation which the authorities of McGill College at an early period in its history wisely insisted upon. Who shall say that our Alma Mater has not had confidence in her sons ? Who can fairly allege that Canadians have not realized their responsibilities to their country, or have proved recreant to her claims upon them ? The next event in the history of the early days of this Faculty is of no little interest. As early as the year 1811, the Hon. James McGill, one of those noble-minded men who, having by their industry and ability realized a moderate fortui:^, feel it to 8 be a privilege, if not an obligation, to give a portion of their means for the benefit of the country in which they have ac(inired their wealth, died, and beipieathed a valuable property and C 10,000 currency for the j)urpose of endowing a college whicli was to bear his name, and form part of the University which he, in common with his fellow-citizens, believed it was the intention of His Majesty George HI. to establish in Montreal. I know not whether it is a necessary outcome of so-called popular or rej)resentative govennuents like those of Great Britain and the United States that provision for the establishment of institutions for the higher education of the people appears not to be a function of the (jrovernment, but a privilege, a duty assigned to private individuals. However this may be, notwithstanding the announcement made by the Lieut. -Governor of the Province to the Legislative Assembly in 1801 that it was the intention of His Majesty '' that a suitable proportion of the lands of the Crown should be set apart " for the instruction of the people, and notwithstanding the establishing of " the Royal Institution for the Advancement of Learning," no grants of land were given, and were it not for the munificence of a private citizen, it is highly probable that an university for the education of the Eng- lish-speaking peo[)lc of this Province would not now exist, and certainly it would not have attained its 50th session. Relying on the good intentions of the government and upon the be(|uests of Mr. McGill, the Royal Institution, in 1820, obtained a Royal charter for " McGill College," but, owing to litigation as to the will, could not get possession of the estate be(|ueathed by that gentleman till 1820. It was a condition of the be'iuest that lectures should be given within a certain term of years ; but one year of that period then remained, altogether too limited a time in which to select and appoint among the then small population of Canada suitable persons to constitute a Faculty of Arts, the ratification of such appointments, moreover, re()[uiring to be made by His Majesty. What was to be done ? The governors of the College communicated with the ratnibers of the Medical Insti- tution with the view of constituting it a Faculty of the College, and in the miaiites of the first meeting of the governors, held on the 29th June, 1820, for the prouml^ation of the charter, the followiiii^ entry apjicars ; — " AftiT tlic |)iiblir luiHiiK'ss WHS over, tlic j,'()vi!iiiois uf llie Cori.omtion " held iiti iiitcivicw witli the luiuibcr.s of tlio Moiitn^al Medical liistitntioii '■ wlio li.itl lii'cii n(|iicstc(l 1(1 iittfiiil tlui nutdiii^' for lliat piiipoSL'. Owing '• ((I tliiK iiitcivifw, it was ii'solvcil liy tiir ^^ovcriiors of the ('oipoiJitidii "that tho ujcinlitis of tlin Rfoutroal Mciiiciil Institution (Dr. Caldwill, " Dr. Htcpliciison, Dr. Uolicitson and Dr. iioinics) lu- cnj^rafti'd upon tlio " Collc.uc lis its .Medical Faculty, it licins; understood and a.i^reed upon hv- " tween tlie said c()ntra-;)0, at which o;") students attended ; of whom survive our esteemed friends Dr. David, Dean of the ^led'cal Faculty of IVishop's College ; and Dr. Johnston, of iSherhrooke. Of the third session, Dr. jNIacdonald, of Cornwall ; of the fourth, Dr. Joseph Workman, ex-Professor of JNIidwifery of the Toronto School of Medicine, and Dr. F. W. Hart, of St. Martinvillc, Louisiana, are also happily alive, and the former [)resent to-day. The Faculty has continued its lectures annually ever since, ex- cept during the three years comprised between 188(>-8U, so that the present is its 50th session. It no longer, however, is entrusted with the management of the farm, a duty assigned it by the governois in 18oo ; which farm, by the way, is now covered by the University buildings, the several handsome structures belong- ing to Colleges affiliated with the University, the magnificent Museum in which we are now assembled, the recent gift of a private citizen, and not by any means his first act of munificenco to the University, and the mansions which have been built on the streets extending south to St. Catherine Street, and from Uni- versity Street east to McGill College Avenue west. It is duo to the memory of the first governors and promoters of McGill College to state here that they jnirposed to provide not alone for the teaching of Arts, but also of Divinity and Medicine, and that on the 4th December, 1828, five professors were appointed to the following chairs: Divinity, Moral Philosophy and the learned languages, Histoi-y and Civil Law, Matliematies and Natural Pliilosophj, and Medicine. The gentleman who had the honour of heing appointed the first professor of medicine to McGill was Dr. Thomas Fargues, a gi'adnate of Edinhurgh and a resident of Quebec. However, it does not appear that he ever lectured ; the contestation of the Avill prevented the institution from going into actual operation* for some years subsecpiently. Turning now to the four men who were the founders of medi- cal teaching in Canada, with but one of them was the speaker acquainted, and some who are present will, he feels sure, endorse what ! c is about to say respecting him. Dr. Andrew Fernando Holmes was born in Cadiz ; the vessel in which his parents were sailing to Canada having been captured by a French frigate and taken to that place. He arrived in this countr}^ when but four years old ; at IT) he became a student of Dr. Arnoldi, pere, and subscijuently graduated in Edinbui-gh in l, the sul)ject of his thesis being " De Tetano.'''' It was dedicated with fdial affection to his father, and with gratitude to his former patron : " Danioti Arnoldi, armigero, chirurgo jjeritissimo, cujus sub auspiciis primum arti medic;c ineubuit ; hoc tentamen grati animi exicpmm testimonium dedicat auctor." Having returned from Paris, where he completed his studies, to this country, we find him, in 1821, elected an atter.ding phy- sician of the Montreal General Hosjjital, and, in 1824, taking an active part in founding the first Canadian Medical k^chool. In that institution, and afterwards in McCill University, he lec- tured upon Materia Medica and Chemistry until 18:55, when Dr. Archibald Hall divided with him the teaching of the former subject, Avhile he continued the latter unaided uj) to 1844. Tliat year, owing to the death of Dr. Robertson, he succeeded to tlie chair of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, and ably filled it up to the time of his decease. During the last eight years of bis life he held the honourable {)Osition of Dean of the Medical Faculty, and to his studious care the College is mainly indebted for its valuable medical libi'ary, which for many years was kept at his private residence. Having sat under him as a puj)il, and * See the Canadian Magazine, Vol. IV, p. 172. having enjoyed the privilege of liis friendship as a colleague, I can testify to the care and thoroughness with which he prepared his lectures upon medicine, a characteristic of all the work he ever undertook ; to the affectionate interest he manifested in the welfare of the students ; and to the earnestness and constancy with which he devoted his time, influence and means to the ser- vice of his God. He died instantaneously of fatty degeneration of the heart, on the 9th October, 18(10, while writing a notice to convene a meeting of the Medical Faculty. A sketch of his life has been written by his colleague, the late Dr. Ilall. Another person who })layed a conspicuous part in the early history of our school, and perhaps even more in that of the Uni- versity itself, was Dr. John Stephenson, a native of this city. His father, of the same name, a merchant from Scotland, began business in Canada the year after the concjuest of (Quebec — his family being one of the three first English-speaking families who settled in this city. Dr. Stephenson's education began at " Le College de Montreal," where his diligence and love of study won for him the regard of the Reverend Fathers, lie afterwards became a student in the University of Edinbur;: , where he ob- tained the degree of M.D. in 1820, the title of li thesis being " De Velospithesis.^^ It would appear from the records of the Montreal General Hospital that most probably to Doctor Ste|)henson ])elongs the honour of originating the Medical Institution, for in the minutes of the meeting of governors of the hospital, under date August 0th, 1822, this entry is found : " That Dr. Stephenson be allowed to put in his advertisement for lectures next winter that they will be given at the Montreal General Hospital." That his example bore fruit is shown by the minutes of the meeting of the 4th February, 1823, where it is noted that the medical board of the hospital communicated to the governors its intention " to deUver lectures on the different branches of the profession." So great was the earnestness of young Stephenson in the cause of education, and so much did he deplore the absence of any provision for the proper education of the English-speaking people of the Province, that his nephew, William Whiteford, Esq., of the • Temple, in a short notice of his uncle kindly written for me, and to which I am indebted for many of the facts herein stated, observes that he " was the first to hcinn the amtation which resulted finally in wresting from the hands of the heirs of Mr. James McGill the beijuest of that j^entleman towards a colle;^e"; but, " except from his own profession, he received very little sympathy." That the University is largely indebted to its Medical Faculty as a whole, and to Dr. Stephenson in particular, for the recovery of the bequest made to it by its founder, is further rendered probable by the fact that at a meeting of the governors of the College, held on 29th July, 1838, it was " re- solved that the Medical Faculty of the College be authorized to use the means necessary to forward the interests of the College in the suit now pending touching the X 10,000 bequeathed by the late lloi.. James McGill," etc. At the same meeting Dr. Stephenson was nominated llegistrar to the University. I have been informed by a reliable person (Dr. Joseph Workman) that the successful issue of the contest and the recovery of the estate was largely due to the untiring energy and personal influence of Dr. Stephenson. And this opinion is borne out by the testi- mony of the late Hon. Peter McGill, who, in some letters of introduction given many years ago to Mr. Whiteford, speaks of his uncle (Dr. S.) " as the man, of all others, to whom we owe the existence of McGill College." He did good work also as a teacher in the two institutions with whose foundation he was so intimately connected, having lectured upon anatomy and surgery from 1824 to 1885, and subsequently upon anatomy only un to the year of his decease, 1842. lie is said to have been an able and eloquent lecturer^ and was a man of considerable culture and great industry. For many years he had a large sliare of the confidence of the public as a practitioner, and until the time of his death his name was a household word amongst all nation- alities in this city. Dr. Wm. Robertson, the first lecturer upon Midwifery and the Diseases of Women nnd Children in the Institution, was descended from an ancient and respectable family in Perthshire, being the second son of the late James Robertson, Esq., of Kendrochot. 8 Of his early history I have only heon ahlc to learn that he studied lacdicine in Edinburgh, where he passed his examinations with credit. Almost immediately after he joined the 41)th Re«;i- mcnt as assistant surgeon, at Cape Breton Island, in 180(1, was subsecjuently promoted to the 4l8t as surgeon, served through the war of 1812, was present at the storming of Fort Niagara, and, on the declaration of peace in 1815, settled in this city and practiced his profession for nearly twenty-eight years. His ability, culture and social disposition secured him a large prac- tice amongst the elite of the city. On the death of Dr. Caldwell, lie was appointed to the chair of INIedicine, which he filled untd removed by death on the 18th July, 1844. His lectures are said to have been carefully prepared and slowly delivered ; but he was unable to instruct his pupils in the practice of the ob- stetrical art, for the University Lying-in Hospital was not estab- lished until November, 1843. In an obituary notice of Dr. Robertson by the editors of the Montreal Medical Gazette of 1st August, 1844, the following occin-s : " He was gifted with great powers of intellect, which were much increased by an in- defatiguable industry and an assiduous culture rarely ecpialled." Of Dr. William Caldwell, the iirst lecturer in this school upon the Principles and Practice of Medicine, I have been unable to learn much. He was born in Ayrshire, Scotland, in 1782, and studied medicine and graduated in Edinbur«fh in 18 . He was surgeon to the 13th Regiment of Dragoons, and served in the Peninsular war on Lord Aylmer's staff. Dr. David, his private pupil, informs me that he was a man of severe military bearing, but of mild and amiable disposition — cool in judgment, wise in council, and kind in the treatment of his patients. His lectures on Medicine were scientific, and ably delivered from care- fully written notes. He died on 2ord January, 1833, at the age of 48 years, of typhus fever, complicated with pulmonary gangrene. For many years he was a leading practitioner in this city. It does not appear that any change was made in the personnel of the Medical Institution when it became the Medical Faculty of McGill College ; its lecturers became the lecturers of the a riT 9 College, teaching the same subjects that they had taught pre- viously, and in the same building. On the death of Dr. Caldwell in 18:58, Dr. Racoy, a native of Quebec, and a young man of considerable talent, who had received his early training in the Montreal Medical Institution, and had completed his j)rofessional education at Edi-ibiu-gh, the then British Athens for medical learning and teaching, was ap- pointed associate lecturer on Midwifery (and perhaps on Sui-gery, Dr. Hall). It was in the year 1 Sof) that the man whose loss as a faculty we this day deplore, and whose life we are presently about to glance at, became officially connected with this University. That year some important changes were made in the teaching staff of the University. To Dr. Canijibell was entrusted the chair of surgery, previously held by Dr. Stephenson, and that of midwifery, which had Just become vacant by the removal of Dr. Racey to Quebec. Dr. Stephenson was thus enabled to devote all his time to the subject of anatomy ; and the labours of Dr. Holmes were reduced by the ai)pointment of Dr. Archi- bald Hall associate lect\irer with him on Materia Medica, while he continued alone resj)onsible for the teaching of Chemistry. The next important event deserving of mention was the estab- lishing of the University Lying-in Hospital in the session of 1843-44, which provided the means of giving [tractical instruc- tion in a very important branch of medical knowledge. The Faculty is deeply indebted to the kind co-operation of the many ladies who have watched over that institution since it was opened. It was in the year 1845 that the corporation of the University, at the suggestion of the Medical Eaculty, took the wise resolve to extend the curriculum of study and to appoint lecturers upon Clinical Medicine and Surgery, the Institutes of Medicine, and Medical Jurisprudence. The first teachers of those subjects were respectively the late Dr. James Crawford, Dr. Robert L. MacDonnell, and Dr. William Fraser. By this step not only was there a means provided of imparting instruction in all the departments of medical study then deemed necessary in the best European schools, but an importance was given to clinical teach- 10 in^ and study, which has liad tlie happiest eflfect upon the young men trained in the McGill School of Medicine. In assi}j;ning tlio duty (»f teaching:; at the hedside to one person, and making him responsihle for tlic work, instead of leaving it to the several memhers of tlie medical staifof the Hospital indifferently, as it mi^ht chance to please them, efficient and regular hcdside in- struction was P'.cured, to the great advantage of the studei ts. Clianges have heen made from time to time in the system of clinical teaching pursued in this University till it has reached its ])resent excellence, which I do not hesitate to say is unsurpassed in any hosjjital in the mother country, and not ecjualled in any in this. In 1849 the clinical chair was divided. Dr. Crawford retaining clinical medicine and Dr. MacDonnell taking charge of clinical surgery ; in 1870 a practical examination at the bed- side by the professors of clinical medicine and clinical surgery was made a compulsory reipiirement for the medical degree ; and in 1874, twelve months instruction in clinical medicine and the same in clinical surgery were rcipiired, instead of six as before. The new dei)arture made by the Faculty in 1845 seems to have inaugurated a series of changes extending to the present, and all intended to elevate the standard of medical education and provide for the more thorough training of the student in the science and the art of medicine. As early as 1848 the corpora- tion passed a statute rendering four years of professional study a necessary (pialification for the medical degree of the University, although it did not re(juire that the whole period should be spent in attending a medical school. At present, however, it is the rare exception for one of our graduates not to have pursued his studies for four winter sessions. In that same year botany was placed on the list of compulsory subjects. An event of no uncommon importance to the University as a whole, and to its Medical Faculty as well, transpired in 1855, viz., the appointment of the present Principal to the charge of the University. His previous experience as the Superintendent of Education in his native Province and his enthusiasm in the cause of education, his energy and force of character, his fami- liarity with the genius and the wants of the people, his faculty 11 of enlisting the interest and sympatljios of tlioso al)out liim in whatever work he undcrtakos, his inaturc ju(l;j;ment, <:n'at attain- ments, and })crsonal character have not only, as it were, gulvan- ized into active life and vigour the previously strugglinj^ department of Arts, hut iiave extended the proportions of the College to those of a great University, in which Faculties of Law and of Applied Science have heen added to the original Facul- ties of Arts and Medicine ; and with which six independent col- leges have become afliliated. The same fostering care has heen extended hy the Principal to the Medical Faculty. lie has upon all occasions taken a warm interest in our concerns, assisted us hy his wise counsel and experience, and strengthened us hy his personal sympathy and sujjport. And we are very largely indebted to him for the possession of the fine building in which our Faculty has its present habitation. Even in a hasty glance at the history of a single Faculty of the University, it would have been an unpardonable omission not to pay a tribute to a man who, at a most important era in the life of the University, revived a general interest and zeal which had well nigh expired ; evoked a spirit of liberality amongst the citizens ; inaugurated and organized a comprehensive system of higher education adapted to the wants of a new country, yet not inferior in its intrinsic value to the systems of older countries ; collected a body of competent teachers imbued, in some measure at least, with the lofty aims and devoti(m which characterize himself; won by his rare (lualitios the confidence of the people, the regard and cooperation of his colleagues, the admiration and respect of the students ; and infused into every department of the Univer- sity his own vitalizing, energizing spirit. The name of John WilUam Dawson must ever rank alongside that of James McGill as the co-founder of this great University. Time will not permit me to trace step by step the improve- ments which have been made in the teaching capabilities of our medical school, and a hasty allusion to some of them must suffice. One of the most important was the establishing, in 1870, of a three months summer session, during which shoi t courses of lec- tures upon special subjects have been given partly by the pro- 12 fossors ami partly by instructors appointed for that purpose. In this way the attention of tlic classes has heon directed to topics which cannot well receive sullicicnt consideration durin;^ the winter sessions, — such as the diseases of women and cliildren ; diseases of the eye, ear, throat and skin ; operative and minor sur<^ery ; the urine ; syn)|)toniatolo;^y ; electro-therapeutics ; the art of |»rescrihin;^, etc. Clinical instruction is also re;^idarly <;ivcn during the summer months by two of the [)rofessors in the General Ilosj/ital; and the practical instruction of senior students in gynjecolo<,'y is continued in the University Disj)ensary, an in- stitution opened hy the Facidty in 1879 for that purpose and for the treatment of skin affections. Instruction in the employ- ment of the microscope in medicine forms a sytecial summer course, and was he<^un in 1875. The estal)lishing of this simimer coin'se makes the academic year in this school last nine months, and it is very gratifying to find that the number of students availing themselves of the ad- vantages it otters is steadily increasing. Another important advance was made in 1870, when the in- defatigable Professor of Institutes began a series of weekly demonstrations in morbid anatomy. AVhile bedside teaehing is on all hands admitted to be essential to the student of medicine as a preparation for the practice of his art, the great value of the examination of tlie diseased body after death is not sufficiently recognized. It, and often only it, reveals the truth or error of the diagnoses formed. It, and only it, will sometimes ac(U)unt for an anomaly observed during life, or explain the failure of treatment observed by the most experi- enced. Nothing like it cures men of over-confidence — of hasty conclusions. Nothing more enlarges their view of the ])0ssibility of similar morbid processes producing dissimilar symptoms — and of identical altei-ations developing unlikeness, even contrarity, in their vital manifestations. I hope the time will come when enlightened people will, in the interest of their families, as well as of the public, request, not reluctantly consent to, a careful post-mortem examination of their deceased relatives, at least when anything of an unusual or obscure nature has ajtpertained to the illness which has proved fatal. 18 Tn 1878, tlio CJnivcrsity, re(;<);;ni/,in;:; tlio ;;rcat vjiliio uf a tli()r()ii;;li kii()wlo(l;^(« of priicticiil aiiatoiiiy t<» tlif luiMlical students, instituted an exaininatiijn in that sulijcct wliicli must }»o passed in order to olttain the dej^i'oe in medicine. Kinally, in 1^71*, a physit)I();;ieal hihoratory was added to the teehni(|ue of the eliair of lMiysiolo;j;y, and the senior students iiave now the opportunity of studyin;^ praetieally the essentials in the eliemistry of di;^es- tion, the sceretions and the urine, and ol I'ollowin;:^ a (hMuonstra- tion eourso in experimental physiology with the use of apparatus. Passing from this hrief sketeh of the history t»f our nu-dieal school and of its founders, we ask your attention to the notice of a man who, though not a founder, was a very early and success- ful huilder up of the school, and for many y(!ars presin ho rcineirihi'rcMl here. Dur'.o;; his un(h'r;;ra(lnato course at the (Jlas;^ow University he hi;j;hly (listin;i;uishe(l himself, and, after ^raduatin;; in Arts, won and held the Ihishane Ihirsary of .£")() st;;. a year durin;^ the four years of his attendance on the ujodical classes. Then, havin;; j)asscd one session in Duhlin, ho olttained the degree of M.I), of (Jlas^^ow University, and procedin^ to hMinl)uri:;h, took the li.Il.C.S. in IS;>2. In May of that year ho came to Canada, and l)(><^an immediately the practice of his profession. Notwith- standin;^ his youth, for he was then hut -^{, lu^ rapidly ac((uired the conlidence of those who hecamo acipiainted with him, and, what hetter estahlishes the a(;tual (pialifi(;ations of the man was his selection hy the founders of this school for tht; chaii's of 8uri;ery and niidwifcry at the early a^e of 2;"). In the same year he was elected an attending physician and surgeon of the Montreal (Jeneral Hospital, and it was in that institution that he actjuired the surgical skill which tended not oidy to his own advancement, hut made the llospitid the resort of patients from all parts of the Province, and, after a time, added very greatly to the reputation of Mc(}ill College as a surgical school — a repu- tation which has not suffered in the trusty hands of his successor, the present professor of surgery. After eighteen years service in the hospital he resigned, and was placed upon its consulting statf, hut contiiuied the remainder of his life to take an active interest in hospital work, attending regularly the consultatijns of its staff, and assisting them hy his great experience and good judgment, and not unfreiiuently aiding them with his skilful hands, especially if the operator were experienced. lie rctiii>ied tlie lectureship upon midwifery till 1842, when he resigned in favour of his intimate friend, the late Dr. Michael McCullough. It was the same year in which the late Dr. 0. T. Brunc-^u suc- ceeded to the chair of anat-^ y, rendered vacant by the death of Dr. Stephenson. IlenoNN ..onfincd his teaching to his favourite subject, and for 40 yc ars, from first to last, faithfully and ably lectured on the principles and practice of surgery, until declin- ing health convinced him that it was his duty to resign. When 16 it is rorrMMnliorrd that duiiii;^ iicjirly tlir wlioK' — ciTtiiiiily duriri;; tliiTC-lourtliH of that time — lio had a very hir^^o ;;iMR'ral piivatii pnictico, and Itr IH years of it was an attciidiii;^ physicriaii of the (i(Mii'ral Hospital, hcnidos hcin;; on the hoards of iiiaiia^o- mciit of several piihlic institutions, it will at once api)ear that he must have not oidy heeri a very dili^^ent man, hut must have had an ardent love of his profession, and felt a ileej) interest in teaehing. Nor were his |)rofessional duties pei-formed in a [ter- funetory maimer. None of his eollcagues were more regidai* in their atteinhmce, and up l'» the last he kept himself aeipiaintcd with the [)rogre8s of praet' . ' surgery. His love of that hraneli stimulated him to note t!ie w.mderful ehanges that have arisen in the jtractiee of surgery of late years, and his sound judgn\ent anyg important features of the suhject he had in hand, lu his lectures his own mental constitution, clear apprehension ami {)ractical mind led him to occupy himself chiefly with what is well established in surgical [lathology, to sketch boldly, but faithfully, the symjitoms o? disease, and to insist emphatically, yet briefly and soundly, uj)on the proper method of treating it. Quite alive to the great extension of the curri- culum of the modern medical student, and to the almost in- nume''ai)le facts that he is expected to store away in his memory, and heartily sympathizing with him, he never indulged in un- necessary hypotlieses and scrupulously avoided minute and trivial details, obsolete practises and ecpiivocal speculations. lie taught surgical anatomy and operative surgery with much ability, and his college course of lectures has always been highly prized by the members of his class, and largely contribu*^f d to build up the reputation of the medical school connected with this Uni- vcisity. And high as the position he attained as a teacher was, it was surpassed by his reputation as a jiractitioner. Like most men residing in cities of the size of ours, he was a general prac- titioner. Having had the advantage of a medical and surgical training in the large hospitals of Dublin and Glasgow under such men as Buchanan, Macfarlane, Cusack, Colics, Stokes and Graves, having been, as already mentioned, for many years attached to the Montreal General Hospital, where every mem- ber of its start' took charge both of medical and surgical cases, and having for many years practised all branches of the profes- sion in private, it is not to be wondered at that he was an able and successful practitioner of the medical art. Devoting but little time, at least during the earlier j)eriod of his career, to what is called " society," he spent his evenings /cry largely in studying the standard authors in medicine and surgery. He was a very competent diagnostician in the various affections of the heart, lungs and other viscera ; and his good judgment and long experience made him very successful in the treatment of 17 a, ^se scnerallj. He was also an able accoucheur. But it was in surgery that he was prc-cmineut. Lccturinii; upon that subject for so many years, havin;^ a ;^reat love for it, and en- dowed by nature with a ((uick eye, steady hand ar \ firm nerve, he was specially (|u?lifiod to be a <];ood sur<^eon ; and so he was. There are few of the great operations in sur,^cry that he has not performed. He was a skilful and successful lithotomist, yet fre- quently practised lithotrity in conformity with modern teaching. Like many other able teachers and successful practitioners of the medical art, he did not contribute many papers to medical science — a fact in his case to be regretted, as his ability and experience would have justified him in expressing opinions upon debated ((uestions, and his opportunities for observation must have supplied him with ample m iterials. He was, however, a man of action rather l;an of v,ords. The following are the lead- ing articles which he published ii. the local medical journals : — " Aneurism of the Arteria Innominata and Arch of the Aorta. Ligature of the Common Carotid." — {Brit. American Journal of Med. and P/n/sical /Science, 1845.) " Case of Osteocepha- loma of Humerus — Amputation at Shoulder Joint — Secondary Hcemorrhage from Axillary Artery arrested by Compression." (Medical Chronicle, 1854.) " Two cases of Intestinal Obstruc- tion from Internal Strangulation, and one of Inflammation and Perforation of the Appendix Vermiformis." — (lb. 1854.) " Ligature of the Gluteal Artery for Traumatic Aneurism." — (B.it. American Journal. IHllo.) " Ligature of the External Iliac for Aneurism of the Common Femoral." — {Cat.ada Med. Journal, 1805.) '• Excision of Elbow in conseipience of Dislo- cation of Head of Radius and formation of large Exostosis." — (lb. 1 8(')8.) " Valedictory AIedicine." (Med. Chronicle, 1850.) "Valedictory Address to Me'^ical draduates." — ( Canada Med. Journal, 18(>7. ) " Introductory Lecture at Opening of Session 1860-70 of Medical Faculty of McGiU College."— (//). Vol. VI) In what are called medical politics he took no very active part ; yet he at all times manifested much interest in any move- ment or measure intended to improve medical education or 2 18 advance the status of the profession, or i)rotect its legitimate interests. As an inlliiential nieniher of the Medical Faculty of this University, and for many years as its Dean, he promptly entertained and advocated any proposal that j)romised to prove benelicial to the school as a teaching body, to the students, or to the medical profession and public. And it was in recognition of these services and of others renderc' by him as a u. ember of the corj)oratiou of this University to the cause o:' higher educa- tion thai induced that body to honour itself by conferring on him the deijrree of LL.D- honoris caum. In whatever relation of life wc regard the late Dr. Campbell, we shall find much to admire, and few mon have as well deserved to be presented to medical students and medical men as an examplar for their imitation. As a citizen, he took an active interest in almost every public enterprise calculated to develop the material interests of the city and the country generally, protect the health, and elevate the morals of the community. Thus for many years he was a Director in the Montreal Telegraph Company, tiie City Gas Company, the Bank of Montreal, of which last he lately was made Vice-President, and was a stockholder in these and many other mercantile ventures, such as Shijiping, Insurance and Mining Companies, cotton, woollen and other manufactures, lie took a live interest in procuring the ajjpointmcnt of a city health .officer, and upon several occasions formed one of a dei»utation to the municipal authorities for such purposes as advocating general vaccination, erection of a small-pox hospital, passing of by-laws to improve the sanitary condition of the city, etc. Nor did he fail to assist with his personal influence and his means the various institutions in our midst intended to provide for the bodily wants and the moral and religious needs of the people. As a medical adviser, he was not only eminently capable, but painstaking and warmly interested in his patients, and Ihey re- cognized in him a judicious and sympathizing friend as well as a competent physician. As a colleague he was held in the highest esteem for his professional attainments and skill, his straightforward and honour- 19 able behaviour, and his consideration for tlie feelings and repu- tation of his brethren. In cases of diflliculty or resj)onsibility, his opinion and aid were eagerly sought and as generously given, and many who hear rac can testify to the sense of relief and the feeling of confidence his participation in a consultation at once produced. By nature and practice a gentleman, and familiar with the many difficulties which often embarrass the formation of a reliable opinion ujjon the nature and appropriate treatment of disease, he never intentionally spoke disparagingly of a rival practitioner, nor by inuendo weakened the confidence of a patient in his attendant ; having satisfied his own mind by a thorough examination of a case in consultation, he frankly, but courteously, stated his opinion, and in the subse(iuent management of it, loyally and heartily co-or'^ • ted with the ^nedical attendant. The absence of petty jeah and his readiness to acknowledge — nay, to eulogise — professional ability in others, made him the trusted and beloved teacher and colleague. If any evidence were needed lo indicate the esteem in which he was held by the profession of which he was so distinguished a member, and by the public whom ho so long and faithfully served, much might be adduced. Let it suffice to recall the public dinner gi /en to him by his brethren on his return from Europe after his first visit to his native land. The chair was occupied by his much- esteemed friend the lamented Sutherland, who, with that good taste and felicity of expression of which he was so capable, made known his personal regard for his friend, and in most feeling and eidoiristic terms declared the esteem in which he was held by th*^ whole profession. The profession was largely represented at the dinner, and several of its representative men testified to the high professional and personal character of the man they had met to honour. Amongst the few kind and manly sentiments which his full heart permitted him to utter, one expression deserves record- ing, as it was the reflex of his own kind heart. He " felt proud to say that he believed he had not a personal enemy in the whole profession." The many resolutions of sympathy and condolence, of regret and respect, which were passed by the corporation and by the Medical Faculty of McGill University, by the Medico- 20 Chirur^ical Society of Montreal, by the Medical Board of the Montreal General Hospital, by tbe College of Physicians and Surgeons representing the medical profession of the Province, and by the Canada Medical Association, representing the medi- cal men of the Dominion, and those passed by the Board of Directors of the Bank of Montreal, of the Montreal Telegraph Company, and of the Montreal General Hospital, are further unmistakeable and spontaneous tributes to the worth of the departed one. And were it quite proper to lift tlie veil of privacy and follow the departed into domestic life, we should still, in the friend, the husband and the father, find qualities which, while they would command our admiration and deepen our affection for the man, would arouse within us aspirations to become like him. As a friend, he was unswerving — faithful in watching over the interests of those to whom he held that relation ; reticent and charitable respecting their faults, sympathetic in their troubles, and constant in his attentions and deeds of kindness. I cannot venture to speak of him as a husband and father — of such relationships none less than one of kin must dare to speak. This much may be said : that it was in the domestic circle he found his highest enjoyment — it was there he chose to spend his leisure hours. His chivalrous devotion to his wife and daughters — his hearty participation in the amusements and duties of his son, made him the object of their undying aifection — the loved one gone before, whom they desire to join. Such was Campbell — such was our late beloved Dean. The announcement of his unexpected death produced a thrill of emotion throughout the entire conmiunity — a feeling that a public calamity had occurred was experienced by the Canadian people. This Faculty had lost its head ; the profession had lost its councillor ; the sick had lost their ablest physician ; the city had lost one of its most distinguished citizens. The words of Dr. J. Brown, when inscribing his " Locke and Sydenham " to his old master, Mr. Syme, may truthfully be a})phed to our de- parted teacher and Dean — " Verax — capax,perspicax — saga?:^ efficax — tenax.^^ 21 " Were a star quciuhfd on higli, For over would its light, Still truvclliiig dowiiwunl rroin the sky Sliiiit! on niortiil sight. So when a good nmn dies, For years beyond our ken, The light he leaves behind him lies Upon the paths of nieu." When reviewing the developmental history of our medical school, we have recorded a ;^ood deal of what it has done ; but another portion of its work remains to be spoken of, however briefly, viz., the number of its students and of its graduates. It appears from the records that about 2,000 students have received their medical education in whole or in part in this institution, and that 917 have obtained its degree in medicine. These numbers alone are fair evidence of a large amount of good work accomplislied by the Medical Faculty of McGill University ; and the positions attained by many of her alumni, tlie high pro- fessional (jualifications assigned to them wherever they have practiced their profession, and theii general loyality to those time-honoured and lofty principles by which the great physicians of the past have been animated in their dealings with one another and with the public, all indicate the ipiality of the instruction given and the auiding influence of the moral lessons imparted by their Alma Mater. Her Alumni are widely scattered over the Dominion of Canada — are present in goodly numbers in many of the States of the neighbouring Republic — not a few of them have obtained appointments in the army-service of the mother country — and a few are practising acceptably in that country. One of them, at present, has the distinguished honour of repre- senting Her Gracious Majesty as the Lieut.-Governor of this Province, several of them have seats in tiie Legislative Assemblies of the Dominion and its Provinces, many of them are teachers in the various medical institutions of Canada, and the great majority of them are practising the medical art with credit and profit to themselves and with benefit to their patients. On this side the Atlantic at least, the holder of the medical degree of this University is, by common consent, accepted as a 22 person well (jualified to discharge the duties of a medical prac- titioner ; and 1 have never met a man who tho ight lightly of its possession. Of tho//<^//?'(; of our medical school, time will not ])ermit much to he said. That the same success which has attended its past will accompany it ""'iture, I have no douht. The energy, industry aiul ahility that cterized its founders have never hecn wanting in their succesbors. The participation in the spirit and knowledge of their time, and the aspiration to lead in medical education, which were conspicuous qualities in its first teachers, are not deficient in their followers. And some of us, who must soon fall out of the ranks, look forward with implicit confidence in the youthful energy, the proved ability, and the progressive spirit of our younger colleagues to maintain and to extend the reputation of the Medical Faculty of McGill College. It should 1)0 — it must he — the aim of this Faculty not merely to keep up with sistei and rival institutions, hut, true to her past, to lead them all. ^J'o do this, however, will require the active co-operation of the friends of medical education, and some united and strenuous effort on the j)art of the members of our Faculty. The capabilities of our school are crippled, and our efforts to improve them are impeded by the want of means. We have no endowments, and receive no pecuniary assistance from the Uni- versity. Had we a Faculty Fund of $50,000, the revenue it would yield could be applied to making some very much needed alterations of and additions to our buildings, and to extending our means of teaching in directions that would have remarkable results on our usefulness. Our present building is too small. We very much need increased accommodation for our library, now numbering 8,000 volumes — perhaps the largest medical library in Canada. A laboratory for the teaching of practical pharmacy is now regarded as a necessary appurtenance of a great medical school, yet we do not possess it. A room for the meetings of the Faculty, and in which the professors, after their lectures, could meet the students without interfering with the next lecturer, is very much needed. Our museum will, ere long, be too small, and extra apparatus for teaching purposes is needed in all the departments. Then there are, at least, two directions 23 in wliich our system of medical teaching coild he most profitably extended. The first of these is the a[)[)ointment of cajjahlc junior men to undertake the elementary teaching of the primary students at the bedside, in small classes of ten or twelve, from day to day. The physical ap[»lianccs and moans of detecting and discriminating disease ai'c now .so numerous, that nothing short of teaching every student individually at the bedside how to ap[)ly them — just as we teach practical anatomy — can pro- perly (pialify them cither for edicicntly acting as clinical clerks in their final years, or for discharging their higher duties as practitioners after they have graduated. 1 should regard this as a very im[)ortant im[)rovemcnt on the iiresent system of medi- cal training ; but we want means with which to j)ay well ipiali- fied men for the considerable time that such instruction would occupy. The other direction in which the system of medical education at present in vogue pretty well all over the world, I believe, might be most profitably extended, is the institution of a chair of comparative pathology. It is beginning to be felt by advanced pathologists that that obscure and dillicult dcjiartment of medical science, the origin and causation of disease, cannot make satisfactory j)rogress unless the genesis of disease is sys- tematically studied in animals lower than man, and in the vege- table kingdom also. Not until science has ascertained the con- ditions under which the various forms of disease originate, and the processes of evolution and modification they undergo through- out the organic kingdom — not until the fiist departures from normal development, nutrition, repair and dissolution can be detected, can we hope to prevent disease, or to arrest its progress. Yet such is the God-like aim, the inspiring hope, of the modern physician. Taught by the experience of the past of the limits of his power in the cure of disease, he seeks to prevent its de- velopment and its propagation, and, failing these, to arrest its course, moderate its violence, and, as far as possible, re-establish health. The endowment of such a chair would place our school in advance of those of the mother country in that respect, and without an ample endowment, a person possessed of the neces- sary attainments could hardly be obtained. 24 Such, then, arc some of tho uses for which wo want a Faculty Fund, and wo venture to su;4;^est to the friends of our h'lte Dean, anion;^st wiioiu he practised so lon^ and so faitlifullj, that the creation of such a fund, to ho called " The ('aini)l)ell Memorial Fund," would he a graceful trihute to the iuemory and the worth of a good man and an ahle physician, (hi this, the juhileo session — the golden wedding year — of the faculty of Medicine of McGiU College, the creation of such a fiuid hj the citizens of this metropolis would he a gratifying evidence that its career and its work have merited their approval. Note. — It is not generally known that tho memhors of the Medical Institution were appointed, in 18:2;i, hy His Excellency the Governor-in-Chicf of tho Province of Lower Canada, the Board of Medical Examiners for the District of Montreal, as tho following copy of the connnission will show : — To WILLIAM KOiiKirrHON, E«(^imiif., WILLIAM CALDWELI;, M.D., JOHN STEPHENSON, I\[.D., A. F. HOLMES, M.D., H. L. LOEDEL, Ekc^ijikk, ami to all olherx whom these presents may concern. Pursuant to an Act or Onlinance made, provided and passed in the twenty-eigiith year ot'his late MajeHty's nngn, intituled "An Act or Ordi- nance to prevent persons practising,' Physic and Sur<;ory within tint Pro- vince of Quehec, or Midwifery in the (owns of Quchec or Montreal, without Licence," 1 do h(!rel)y appoint you, or any three or more of you, the said William Uohertson, William Caldwell, .lohn Stephenson, A. F. Holmes, and H. \i. Loede!, in some suitahle or convenient place aiitl manner, to examine and enquire into the knowlcdj^e of every such person as ought to have such certificate or licence as hy the said Actor Ordinance is required for tho uses and benefits therein mentioned. And knowyc further that I, the said George, Earl of Dalhousie, do by these presents determine, revoke and i.iake void all and singular the commissions heretofore granti^d and in force for the appointment of medical examiners for the said district of Montreal, and all matters and things therein contained, hereby deiilaring the same to be null and void, and of no effect. Given under my hand and seal-at-arms, at the Castle of St. Louis, in the city of Quebec, in the said Province! of Lower Canatla, on the twenty- second day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-three. Signed, DALHOUSIE, Governor, By His Excellency's command MONTIZAMBKRT, Acting Frov. Secretary. REPORT OF SPEECHES AT BANQUET AT THE WINDSOR HOTEL, October ^th, 1882. r SEMI-CENTEiNUL CELEBRMION OE THE MEDICAL EUCULiy, BANQUET AT THE WINDSOR HOTEL, OCTOJiKR 5TII, 18S2. The mombcrs ol' the iModical Faculty ol" McXiill [Jnivor.sity cclobnited the opening of tho Hftioth HCNHiou of the Oollci^o by u bnnqiiot in the WiiulHor Hotel on Thursday evcnin^r, October 5th. There were about two hundred guests prenent, including Horae of the most distinguished members of tlie medical profession, not only graduates of McCJill, but also representatives from other medical institutions, besides mem- bers of other professions and leading business men of the city of Montioal. The chair was occupied by Di*. Robert Palmer Howard, Dean of the Faculty, and on his right sat His Honor the Lieut-Governor Dr. Eobitaille, Dr. Workman, Mr. J. H. E. Molson, Mr. F. W. Thomas, Dr. Covernton, Dr. D'Orsonnons, Mr. James Stewart, Mr. Andrew Robertson, Dr. Trudcl, Mi-. Thomas Davidson, Prof. Johnson and Mr. Alex. C*amj)bell ; and on his left Principal Dawson, C.M.d., Dr. J. E. ("had wick, Sheriif Chauveau, President EucUImm, Jlon. D. A. Smith, Principal Howe, Mr. Hugh McLcrman, Dr. Eottot, Prof. J. Clark Murray, Mr. D. Morrice, Dr. Andrews, Eev. Dr. Jenkins, Mr. John Molson, Dr. F. AV. Campbell, Mr. Justice Torrance, and Mr. E. A. Eamsay. The vice-chairs were occu- pied by Drs. Scott, McCallum, Gii-dwood, Eoss, Osier, EoddicU and Gardner. The following is a list of the guests who were present : — Dr. H. Howard, Dr. Godfrey, Dr. Proiilx, Dr. Bergin, Dr. W. R. Suther- land, Dr. Brigham, Mr. J. S. Hall, Dr. Kollmeyer, Dr. J. M. Stevenson, Dr. G. Pringle, Dr. Boulter, Dr. A. C. Macdonnell. Dr. McKay, Dr. Drake, Dr. 28 IliiiKHtiiti, 1)1. Sci)t», Dr. liOpinhuri, I'rof. Kon, Mr. M«Mit, I'rot'. Uovcy, Dr. Mayriiml, Dr. Chrirttio, Dr. W. VViImm, Dr. Mutlur, I'rof. .Ar.hibuM, Dr. A. D. StovciiH, Dr. Mount, Dr. lliinn!!, Dr. (JiliHoii, Hr., Dr. (iriint, Mr. Thou. VVltiti), M.l'., Mr. Diivid Wislmrt, Dr. (iibHoii, Jr., Dr. .1. Htsll, Dr. OIMIh, Dr. AriuHtroiiK, Dr. K. Scott, Dr. It. L. Miicdoniioll, Dr. I'. 11. Young, Dr. And. Mcndi-rHon, Dr. Wijric, Dr. DowliiiK, Dr. McOinnoH, Dr. Arton, Dr. Munro, Dr. (innviH, Dr. H. L. Uuddy, Dr. ('otton, Dr. T. A. (Ircer, Dr. Cro- tlii-rH, Dr. W. U. Uurlnnd, Dr. M. 0. Wiird, Dr. HroHHurd, Dr. Matticf, Dr. J. C. Cameron, Mr. J. U. Dougtill, Dr. O'Brien, Dr. lliirrhiKton, Dr. airdwooil, Dr. U. T. K. McDoniiM, Dr, ShnlVIt, Dr.T. L. Brown, Dr. D.'r\>y, Dr. T. N. Mclaiiin, Dr. Korticr, Dr. D. (,'. Mt Liirttn, Dr. II. B. Simill, Dr. A. A. Brown.', Dr. K. VViirron, Dr. Biiller, Dr. II. V. WriKht, Dr..). HayK, Dr. FiHher, Dr. Stephen, Dr. JosephH, Dr. l.tiDJim, Dr. W. T. Duncan, Dr. McCorkill, Dr. (}. T. Uohh, Dr. Bukk, Dr. T. W. MIIIk, Dr. llol.<-rt Howard, Mr. <;anipt)ell I-ane, Dr. (Jreenwood, Dr Major, Dr. .1. Stcwiirt, Dr. Lariiniee, Dr. KoHH, Dr. Onvd, Dr. (Jrovifs, Dr. McBain, Dr. Kwlng, Dr. Marceau, Dr. VV. K. .ImkHoi, .>r. R. ('. Young, Dr. Blackader, Dr. McConnell, Dr. (;. U. .loncs, Dr. WiiKtur, Dr. U. 1.. I'owell, Prof. Moym-, Mr. .1. S. MiJicnnan, Dr. O'Callughnn, Dr. Oiieriii, Dr. L. D. Mignault, Dr. Hans Stevenson, Dr. .1. A. McrDonaUl, Dr. MoIhod, Dr. Battee, Dr. Shepherd, Dr. J. .1. Farley, Dr. Berry, Dr. O'Brian, Dr. Mc(,'ormack, Dr. H.llunt, Brincipal M Ilem, boys f come, lefs to dinner ; come, fefs to dinner f O, the days that H'e hiwe seen / " — Shaksi'kre. THE MEMBERS OF THE MEDICAL FACULTY OP McOILI^ UNIVERSITY I.WITK TI'KIK liRADUATKH To (I MlllltATK THK OPENIN(; OF THK FIFTIKTII SESSION OF THE COLLECiE, At the Windsor Hotel, MoNTRKAL, Thursday, Octoher srir, 1882. " (Jn the tiiblc spread tlic cloth, Let tlie knives be sharj) and (.lean ; Pickles g-et and salad both, Let thcin each be fresli and fcreen. With small lieer, jjood ale and wine, O, ye Rods, how I shall ilinc." SWIKT. 30 MENU, " Litji nil Miiit}ii(}' : Anil iliiiini'il III liiiii lliitfjiril rrli'i, ' Hold, i'iiiiii{ili.' " — SlIAKSI'KltK. Hl'itkes de Blue Point suk ftcAir.i.ES. Il it iini' iiHiiiiiililc mill iiiiirliiiliniiiiiv in all niunthn lliiit h.urr nut an It in tliiir iiinnc III nil nil iifiHler. — Bl'TMMi, ir)(til. POTAGE. ' Till m .1-1 lliinit in till siiiijiiiifi iif spnone meat nimlc of y nod hroiilhr offliHh.for mich hiothis iiri- nrii kindlii to man'H iiiitnre, and iniiindi r goodc Uiiiiilr. — TnK Ri'Oi.MKNi' (IK Hkai/fh. Itl.'M. ToKTLE \'i;kts. Consomme Flokentine. " Thijii liiiLs'i II iiij) of Onnarii." — Shaksi'KKi: HOKS D'a<:UVRES. TlMI'VLE A LA PEKKIOLRTINE. POISSON. " Mnnhr, I iiiiirri-l lioio thcfiihi'H liro in tlir ma !" Will/, ax nil II do (dinid : llir iiriat oiii'n iiit iij> the liltit: oncn." — ShakspKRE. SirEEP's Head a la Ckevette— Concomlires. AK'.uiLLETrEs DE Hass A LA JoiNviLLE— , . iiiics lie Tf'v; .' 11 l:i ParisiiMiiu-. " Sil 11 ill I II ijliixs III' I'liiniili iriiii," — SlIAKSl'Kl!!:. UELEVES. .\oi\ DK TnuTiK N'kkte a la Hussakd— 'I'oiiKili's J'"arcit's- ENTREES. ■■ I'liily litt.lr linn /.■tr/:«liaicn." — SiiAK.si'KFii:. Fillet he Perdrix a la Periguei'x. CnOCVLtETTE IDE RiS DE \'EAU A LA PiLAU. Fricassee de Poilet a la Chevalier. ROT I. " huiod-nl an in thr nnckinu lunilj." " Wlial miii iiun to n iiii-rr .tfliii/inid ninxtard 7 " " "Fix no niatlir Jill hix sirelliiifiii, nur hix tnvki jivoikx.'' — ShaKSI'KKK. Fillet de Bceuf. Dindgnneau. Jamhon. Selle de 'Iolton. " Of might!) aU- n hirue unui t."—CaAlXF.R. I 31 SOUHliT. PoNCIlK A I. A HOMAINF. "I'd! lilts. III- nun lu-nilllit tliiili nliiill liiiri rnnniin ■" — SHAKSI'Kl.'K. GIBIEK. " The Piiririiliie, Hnlnll Ridlirunsl, C„' vr,irnii,iix."—Tm: Reoi.MKXT OF Hkaltk, lli.'M. Fruits Assoktis. " CoJIW' which iiKihex the jxiliticim, wixi. "—Voi'K. " 0'ii;( im- <( (■(>(/•."— ByroX. " liini nothiiw but dim I wiiii." " Filch im n i/idiii o/«/c/,."— ShaK.SI'F.RK. 32 TOASTS. THE QUEEN: " Hern'H lieidlh tn flic Quern and a hctlliiff ])eacf: Tofavtiiiiiini 111(1, tij wiit/l/i inr.iruii:" — Ol.l) S()S'(i. THE GO\'EUXOR-GENERAL: " Gtntrd inprrmiwigv, conduct and equipage, Nolde by hentagr."—Q\iiTS.Y. LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR OF QUEBEC: '' Of veru reverend repntattou, Sir, Of credit lilfinilr, hiphly beloved."— Shakhpf.RF- THE I'KINCIPAL OF THE UNIVERSITY: " He n^ai a xrhuUir and, a .Ipe and pood one: Kccecdliifl irltir,falr xpoken ted to our present Governor General for having given an impetus to — nt',y, for originating — the two societies I have mentioned. We owe him, however, another and a higher trihute of gratitude for having brought amongst us tho daughter of our beloved Queen. (Applause). There can be no doubt that tho presence of a member of the Royal Family amongst us has tended to strengthen the ties that bind this Dominion to the mother country, has brought us into closer relationship with the people of that country, and made us fool prouder of our origin and more desirous of maintaining our connection with the mother land. In proposing, therefore, the health of the (Jovernor General, wo associate with it that of Her Eoyal Highness the Princess Louise ; who, by her own example, has done much to excite in the young ladies of Canada, a love of literature, of art, and of general culture. 1 am sure you will give this toast an enthusiastic reception. The toast was duly hoiu^i-od. Dr. T. L. Bi'own, of Melbourne, in response to a request of the Chairman, sang a song. Toast — The Lieutenant Governor of (Quebec. The Chairman, in proposing tho health of his Honor, tho Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, said : — The third toast will, I am sure, present itself to over}' graduate in Medicine of McGill College, with a special recommendation. (Cheers). It is a hapf)}^ coincident that the representative of Her Majesty in this Province is not only a member of our own profession, but also a graduate of our own University. (Applause). Wo have tho distinguished honor of claiming the Lieutenant Governor as one of our graduates, and as one of his old teachoi-s I may say that it affords me peculiar plcasui-o to propose this toast. for I had the honor of assisting in his medical education. His Honor tho Lieutenant Governor possesses not only a know- ledge of medicine, but that breadth of view and interest in social and political questions, conjoined with a liberal educa- tion, which are necessary to a statesman. Possessed of such sympathies and views, our colleague early entered public life. 86 und uttuiiied u diHtingiiishcd position in our Cniwidiiiu IIoiiso ol' CommonB, having been ibi- wonie time one of Her Majesty'H Min- istorH. HiH HerviceH to bin country und his personal chaructor, deserved the hi,i;h honor that was conferred upon him when ho was selected tor the distinguished position he now holds as the representative in his own i'rovince of Her Majesty the (^ueen. Long may he live to enjoy this honor ! His Honor Lieutenant Crovornor Eobitaille, in responding, said : — Mr. President and Gentlemen,— The festival that brings ns together cannot fail to excite in our hearts feelings of a pa- triotic joy. True it is, that we have not assembled to com- memorate a victory over the enemies of our common country, nor a great political event which has been j)ompously consigned to the annals of history; but wo are commemorating the found- ation of a work whoso objects and results have been of im- mense advantage. The foundation of a University is an intellectual victory and a social event, and the opening of the 50th session of one of its most important faculties is a glorious day for society, which has for such a long ])eriod b niefitted by such victoiy and social event. McGill University is the first branch among our Cana- dian Universities; it has the honor to be chronologically at the head of those superior institutions which are the pride of our Province. (Cheers). Having l)een ibunded by IJoyal Charter in 1821, it only commenced operations in 1827, and after a few years' suspension, it can now reckon fifty years of active woi-k, and in a young country like ours, fifty years, it will be admitted, is a long period of existence, a resi)ectable age. 1 am aware that several European Universities glory in having to go back to the earliest periods of their national histories to find their origin. Oxford and Cambridge, for instan e, appear from the latter end of the first part of the middle ages, like two luminous stars guiding the English nation through the dai-knoss of ages to the extreme limits of intellectual development. (Cheers). But we must not forget that this country of ours sprung into existence at a time when numerous European nations were entering the ago of decrepitude. And considering the necessary preliminaries, the long period of formation, the outside battles and the arduous ^7 liiboiirH ro(iuircil loucclinmtiHO and lay down on u solid Itasin the social olomcntH, tii'ty years constitutes a respoctaMc age for a Canjvdian University. When the foundation of McGill Uni- versity was laid hy that great patriot who gave it his name, and whose nienuiry will be for ever cherished as a benofaetoi', this country was beginning to teel the want of that rapid de- velopment which we all have witnessed since, and it was becoming urgent to ])rovide for a high pi'ofessional education. The limits of the inhabited part of the Province were ra|)idly being removed farther back. Canadians were gaining ground ovei' the ibrestand its solitudes. New townships, new parishes, new towns, villages, and conti-es were thrown open to settle- ment, and a number of collogos, seminaries and schools were providing society with a comparatively largo number of edu- cated young men. For all these townships, ])arlshes, towns, counties, medical men, lawj^ers and other prolessional men were required to helj) their fellow (citizens. At the same time the interests at stake becoming more and more considerable and important, it wms necessary to procure a more serious, more scientific, more complete professional education. McGill University sprang into existence at the proper time to provide for the wants that were felt, and its foundation opened a new era for the development of science in this country. Three large Universities have sprung into existence like so many shining lights — McGill, Laval, and Lennoxville. Fj-om the Chairs of those noble and lofty institutions, eloquence, erudition, the medical, legal and philosophical sciences have ilowed in abundance, ])r(q)aring and nourishing the minds of generations ol' studentr.. hVom these Universities have gone forth men who have become notoidy an honor to our Province, but who have reflected credit in foreign lands upon the insti- tutions Avhere they received their training, as you have seen by the letters and telegrams read here to-night. (Cheers.) The diffusion of primary instruction also dates from that period. Thi'oughout the land, thanks to the intelligent initintivo of Legislators, to the zeal and energy of the clergy and of a number of devoted citizens, primary schools have been in- troduced in the different parishes, cities and towns, and this Province enjoys the advantages of one of the best systems of education. The fiftieth anniversary, therefore, is a proud 88 flay nut only lor McGill IJnivcrHity, but jiIno tor tlio wliolc Province. Ijookiny back upon thiit space of time, the Principal, the Professors, the Directors, the contributors, and the pupils, have eveiy reason to feel ]»rou. is a passport not only on the continent of America, but also in Euro])C. In conclusion, may 1 be permitted, as a gratification to my feelings, to express my wishes for this noble institution; may its worthy anddevoteil principal and professors be long spared to diffuse the brilliant light of science and continue to lead it on to succe.ss and prosperity ; may its libraries, itsmuseums, its edifices increase ; and finally, may its ahnnni yet increase in number and keep up its good fame throughout the world. (T^oud aj)plausc.) Toast — The Principal op McGill University. The Chairman, — The toast which it is now my honor to pro- pose will, I am sure, bo received with not only great enthu- siasm but with great attection by every graduate of the McGill College, as Avell as by every pei-son in the room, who knows anything of the man — it is that of the Principal of the Univer- sity. (Loud cheers.) It would be quite impossible for mo to do anything like justice to this toast, even were I to occupy an indefinite time in the attempt. I will not, therefore, make any such attempt, but will simply recall a few circumstances which will sei've in a feeble manner to indicate a small portion of our indebtedness to the Principal. When he arrived amongst us in 1855 "ud took charge of the University, he found it strug- gling for existence. In the Faculty of Medicine, however, one of its most imjDortant members, it possessed great vitality, while in the other members vitality, medically speaking, was comparatively low. But an era in its history had arrived. A great man had come amongst them and infused new life and vi^L^or into tlio instiliition. Il wo Ujok hroudly iit hoiuo oftlio ovoiitH in the liintory of the Univoi'sity Hinco that jioriod, wc shiill 1)0 ul)lc in somo manner to appreclato what huH boon(h)no midor the diivction, and mainly owin*; to the jtorH )iial i^tlorts, of its Principal. Thanlcs to tiio encr<;y and the ertbrts which were put foi-th hy this stranger we tind, the year alter his arrival, an endowment fund of .S.'{(l,44() — almost ccpial to the ori;;inal sum left by the founder of the IJniverHity, Mr. McGill. Injtho Hamo year a ( "hair of Kn<;-lish Literature was founded l»y the hrothei-H Molson at a V(My considiM-ahle expenses — I thiidc $2!), 000. All this was in tlu! V(U'y tirst year aftiM- Principal Dawson's arrival, and was tlu* first manifestation of an active* ])uhlic, interest in the University since* its existence was s(H'iir(*d hy the Medical Ka<'ulty. In 1801, six years later, we find, thanks to the same indefatii;"al)le worker, the William Molson Jfall erected, containing.;- our llhrary and public room, together with the western wing of tlie main building, in which are our lecture rooms and museum, being a monument of the liberality of the late William Molson. (Cheers.) Thi.s gift originated largely in the interest which Avas now being felt by the citi- zens of Montreal generally in the Avork of university education. It was not that the wealth ol' the citizens liad enormously in- creased, — it had been groat previously — but that larger ideas had taken possession of our merchants, Avho began to feel that there Avas something better to be done than merely amassing large tbrtunes and obtaining honor and i-eputation as mer- chants. Ten years later the University nuikes another advance. At that time the sum of $2(5,000 was contributed by the citizens and the Peter i{edj>ath (Jhair of Natural Philosophy and the Logan Chair of (Jeology AV(*re founded, and a consider- able sum was raised towards the endowment of the Paculty of Applied Science, The University Avas growing, you see; they had noAv three organized chairs, Avith substantial foundations for them. Almost over since there has been similar pro- gress, OAving mainly to the personal influence of the Principal, to his constant advocacy of the claims of higher education, and to the admiration Avhich was gradually being felt for the char- acter of the man and the importance of his Avork, so that public opinion was being educated up to the point of giving liberally in the interests of higher education. And only the other day a citi- •to /,('ii (»r M()ii(ri(iil, iis Wfio all llu! ()tlior(|(»iioi>« wlioiii I liiivc mcii- tioncd, JiH a final u(!l ot'gnico holbi'o Uiaviii^ his iialivo land for his adopted coinitry, orcctod that nuigniticrnf hiiildin;^ in which so many of us wore* aHnemblod Inst evening — (he .Hed|)alh Mu- Heiini. Now, while 1 am quite ready to ijjivo to these (h)nors all the credit that boh)n,!^s to them, it must be i-emembcM'ed that mostoflhem possessed these means antecediMitly to lH5t), and the development of a ])ul)li(', spirit amoni;" the citizens and of a disposition to foster the interests of hi<^her iMlucation were largely due to the personal influon(!0 of one man. But it is not to his success in building up the material interests of the University that J would allude Just now. I think his claims upon our res])ect are of a much higher Uijul ; I mean his claims as a man — not as the Principal of the UnivcM-sit}', not on accountof the influence he has exercised on the citi/.ens at large, but his individual charai'ter as a man. It is not the possession of a knowledge of many bi-anches of science, nor of rare gifts of genius, nor of personal goodness, that constitute the highest (liuilities of men, but it is the desire and the ])Ovver to impart to and excite in others the motives, aspirations and resolves to acf(uire knowledge to do good and to be useful. (Ajtplausc.) That is the highest kind of greatness. Nothing else compaj-ea with that, in my humble opinion. It is the ])0wer to stimulate a desire in others to live a true and noble life, and at the same time to teach it by precept, example and character, that con- stitute the highest kind of greatness; and these are (jualities which, after a long personal ac(|uaintance with our Principal, I think I may safely say he ])Osses8es, It is, gentlemen, on these personal grounds (cheers), — for they are infinitely the highest, — as well as on public grounds for what he has dojie in building uj) a great university in this our city, that I ask you to give him a bumper, and to give him a grand rece})tion on this occasion. The toast was received with great enthusiasm, the applause being again and again renewed. Principal Dawson, on rising to i-espond, said : Mr. Chair- man and Gentlemen, — I should rise on this occasion with a feeling of great embarrassment to reply to such a toast as that which has been proposed by the Chairman and honored so highly by the meeting, and especially after the very flattering 41 mid coiiiplimciilury ii'iimrkH ol'dio Clmirman, worn i( not ili:i( thore wiiH a rcrtain lo^'ical (law— if tho Cliaiiniiiri will |K)iiiiil ino to point it out — in his ji. It was oviilonl, in (li(» vn-y <(M'ins in whicli ln^ spoUc, that most of what ho MttrihiittMl to Jiio was roally duo to othor pc^ople, iimi I would liko to say a few words on that particular (liosis on this occasion. You must hear in mind that tho Principal of McOill University is not that hij^h and nii^'hty ofHcial whom in tho I'nitod States they call President of u University. At host ho is oidy a sort ol /irimus inter pares, and he is really a kind of servant of servants of th(» Univcrsil . and an adminis(rativ(^ ofHcer who has to do witlj an instituti hi^'hly democratic in its cluiracdu-, and in which every man is practically his own master. (Laughter.; You find on the caumdar that ti»o ^^[ovei'nin;? hody of the insti- tution is its governors, j)i'incipal and Icllows. You sec tin* principal is packed in hetween the governors and tho fellows. lie has to he governed hy the governors and advised l»y the fellows, and I sliould say ho has to l)e a very "Jolly good fol- low " among tho fellows or he is not likel}' to gt^t much ol his own way. (Laughter.) Now you will unilerstand that it is sometimes no easy nuitter for the Princij)al of McCJill Univer- Hity to accomplish what he desires to do. He cannot do any- thing of liimsolf, but ho has to do only what he is permitted to do hy other people. It has been my good fortune to hv. connected with this University for about half the time that is celebrated on this occasion, that is to say, something more than twenty-five years. I anv fully aware that that pei-iod has btMUi twenty-five of its most prosperous years, because the previcjus years were years of beginning and of struggK*, while the twenty-five years d'uring which we have been working togotlmi- are years in which wo have been enjoying a good deal of the fruit consequent on tho ott'oi-ts put foi-th in tho previous period. (Hoar, hoar.) Wo must not foi-got this; still, when 1 came hero in 1855 and looked around on tho work 1 had to do, I found the institution struggling with financial difRcultios, but while it presented some discouragements, it also oftbrcMl grounds of hope. While it was an institution with compara- tively few students compared with what it has now, and very much fewer graduates, still it had, perhaps, a firmer hold, comparatively, on the people of Montreal and on the people of •4 42 Canada than it haw now. Thoro wore in it cliMncnts ol' hoju-, and the ;^nind oloinont of hopo at that (hiy was Iho tact that I'ortain tnon v/oro conncctcti with it. Thoro was at thai timo a hoard ol' i^'ovcrnoi's of .Mcdili nnivorsily coiniioscd ol' most roinarkalth' men. When I lirsl hocanio a('(|uaint('d witli thoni in Lsr)") I con^M-atidali'd inysolt' heartily that I had conioin eon- tact with Hucii a body ol'nion as wore then <^ovoi'noi'H of >rc(iiil Univci'sity Of those men oidy two remain with us, our Chancellor, .Iu(l<^e Day, and the Hon. Mr. h'errier, hoth repi-e- sentative men «»f that hody of ^"reat and ^-ood men who estab- lished Mc(iill University nndcM' its tu^w charter at thiit time. These wer»^ men to whom om^ coidd ^o with conlidence for advice, tnen of the Htr<)n<^est public spirit with regard to every- thing connect(id with the welfare of this countiy, who w(M-e most earnest in theii* /(sal for education and willing to make [.reat saci-itices for it — who were willing even to run great pecuniary and personal risks foi* what they believed would bear good educational fruit in the future. With a body of men liki^ these, I do not care if an institution has not a sixpence, it will be sure to su<'cee(l (heai", hear), and that was the feeling 1 Ijad in connection with, these men. ((Mumm-s.) J believe it was owing not merely to our founder, Mr. M(!(Jill, not merely to the wealthy benefactors of the College, not merely to the citizens of Montreal who have done so mucli foi* us, but to the poi'sonal influence of these men in calling out the liberality of the citi/,ens, that much of our prosperity is due ; indeed [know it to be so. But thei'c were other (elements of hope in those days. We werei)lace(l here in the midst of a large and wealthy commercial community, to which appi^als could confidently be nuvde when it was satisfied that anything could bo done which would be of benefit to jmmunity as a whole. Besides, there were at that t'* merely in the I'^aculty of Medicine but, in the Faci .irts, able and good teacherH well qualified lo give a gc jputation to the University. I may mention to you the namos of Holmes, Campbell, Hall, Bruneau, Crawford, Fraser and Sutherland (cheers), who have now passed away, and I might add the names of our Dean, of Dr. Wright, Dr. Scott and Dr. McCallum, the four survivors of that band of 1855 — these were the men that constituted the Medical Faculty, As this is a meeting specially connected 48 Willi iliiil Kiiciillv, I mny woll Ink*' ilic M(oiiniary MaciiliccM. iliat Ihoy (lid ill tho intiM'ostsor thoir sIikIciiIh, Ihcri' was (tvory ])n)Mp»'c( thai it would succood. (CIi(«(M'h.) And I may say hero, in this ooiinoction, (hat tho ohlijL^alioiiH of tho nnivorsily to tin- Modical Faculty are very groat. Dr. Howard claiiuod this in h in address of last ("vcnini;. and he was right in making the (daim. Tlu^ iiuui who (^slahlisluMl tlu^ Modi'-al Kacull}-, who devoted themselves to it so eiithusiastically and so earnestly, woi'o men who have given (haraitcr to tho University, and who, hy sending out a great hody oC prolessional graduates, and estahlishing thei'«d)y a claim on the gi'atitudo of the coun- try, liave done very miudi *^o stiHuigthcn and j)romote the other faculties. I^it I may say ilso, that this influence was r«>flex. When i loolced at the lists of graduates tonight, I found the huiuIhu' was very small in the early years of th«' .Medical I'^aculty. It took a somewhat ra])id start after IH.'JT. 'rijcn. if you look at the graduating classes of IHaO and following years, you will see a largo increase that has hoon maintained up to the present day. But you must hear in mind that tlui class of 1850 rc^prosents the men who entcrtnl in 1855 and 185(1, so that tho revival in all the faculties at that time douhled tlu^ number of the medical graduates, and thus the medical faculty itself has enjoyed something of the benefit which the other faculties have conferred on the University. I speak of the^e i.hings because it seems pi-opor to do so on the tiftieiu a..iu- versary oi" the Medical Kacult^'. and especially when I think that we older men hero to-night cannot possibly survive to another such anniversary, or even t,wresenta- tive of Bishop's College. I regret extremely that we have no representative of the new Western College, lately established in London. AVishing them, therefori', every success, 1 give this toast of " Qui- Sister Colleges." The toast was duly honored. The Chairman. — In the order of seniority, 1 would first call upon Dr. Chadwick, of Harvard University, to reply to this toast. I need scarcely introduce him to you, as he is well known to the profession of Canada, You are all awaiv what immense strides Harvard has been making in medical education, and education generally, in the last few years. Perhaps no other institution iu America, not even excepting 46 imv (yaiiucliaii institiilioiis — and that is a great deal Cor u Cuimdiun to say — lias made such great jn-ogreHs as the sistei' University of llarvanl. Dr. CiiADWK'ic then said — ^Ii-. Chairman and OJentlenien, aiuinni of the Medical Faculty, the very complimentary re- marks in reference lo mo personally, havt^ reminded me of a story. A friend oi' mine was at Hilton Head during the " late unpleasantness," as we call it, together with the Methodist chaplain of a New Yoi-k Eegiment. One day, the chap- lain called the soldiers together to exhort them, and they dropped in, one after another, till about one hundred were present. While earnestly engaged in speaking to them, he noticed that the attention of many was distracted from his rcmui-ks, and, suddenly turning about, ho saw behind him a little ])rivate in a cap with the visor over one ear, and a little black pipe in his mouth, making comic gestures at every j-emark of the speakei'. All at once the chaplain suddenly tui-ned round to him and said, '' Well, my tine fellow, I think the Lord will smile on our efforts, don't you? '• Yes," responded the other, " I should think he would snicker right out." (Laughter). Xcnv, gentlemen, I am sure the faculty of Harvard would " snicker i-ight out," if they had hoard your Chairman speak as ho did of my ertbrts in connec- tion with that University. But, speaking seriously, it gives me pleasure to reciprocate the kindly sentiments of ^'our Chairnum expressed towards the sister colleges, antl especially to tender you congratu- lations on this day, }our fiftieth amiiversar}'. We of the Medical Faculty of Harvai'd University are looking forward lo the celebration of oui- centennial about six months hence. (Cheers.) The llai-vard Medical School, in connection with the University, was founded in 1*782 with a faculty of only three members. To-day it numbers among its teachers and instructors fifty-six ; that is to say, it has taken into its fold and made active participants fifty-six men in t' city and suburbs of Boston. Age, however, does not ai.ays bring wisdom, yet I think that in our old age we have adopted a system w^hich has ultimately proved to be a wise one. In 1871 the Faculty of Harvard, convinced of the poor quality of the instruction, and the insufficiency of the attainmenta of 47 the gTuduules from ull the medictil sfhuols in the United States, decided to inaugunite a new system. That now system consisted, in the first place, in lengthening the term of the yearly session from four to nine months. We also introduced what we borrowed from you, gentlemen — and you deserve great ci-edit for it, — we introduced the examination for admission, which was not required before. (Hoar, hear). We also introduced a graded course, which you also have had in a slightly ditt'erent form, that is, at the end of each year wo have an examination on the subjects studied during that year, and at the tinal examination we only go over the subjects of the final year's study. .HI the schools in the United States, as you know, have a three years' course ; we have adopted, tem2)orarily, a lour years' optional course, and 1 am happy to say that about one-sixth of the students elect to study the four years instead of three. (Hear, hear). Jn addition to lengthening the course of study and re(iuiring an examination lor admission, we also raised the tuition fees from S120 to 3200 a year. Now, all this could not be done without great sacri- lices. The school at that time, 1871, numbered al)0Ut three hundred students; it was fully recogni/.cd that that number would be largely reduced. If 1 remember rightly, one hun- dred students came every year from -the provinces, every one of whom stopped when the fees were raised and the course was lengthened to nine months. The scholars fell oft" from 300 to less than 200 the lirst year, and to meet that the professors voluntarily accepted one-third of their former salaries, the University stepping in and guaranteeing to them that they should have a salary amounting to about one-third of what they received before. (Hear, hear). The drst few yeai's the school was run with a deticit, which was made good by the University, but charged against the medical school. As time went on the number of scholars increased, and as the fees had also been increased, the receipts began to meet the expenditure, and now, I am happy to say, the income is larger than ever it was under the old system. (Hear, hear). Last year, although the professors' salaries had been considerably increased over the sn\all salaries they had agreed to accept, there was a surplus of $7,000. (Cheers). This system is succeeding in several ways. It has succeeded in bringing in better pecuni- 48 iwy ii'tiii'iis, which is osscnlial lo (ho (•oiitimiiincc oi' the Hchool ; it has Huccecdod in raising- tlio Htanthu'd of Ihegi-adu- atos by the rii>'()i' wilh wiiicli both tho proliminary and the eoiu'hidini!,' cxaminatioris are held. About 15 j^er cent., if 1 renienibei' rii^htly, are rejected at the pi-eliniiiiary examination, and about 30 per cent, each year fail to ^ei degrees. Tlie standard is raised, as is shown by the fjict that, from having a very small percentage of college graduates in the medical school, at the present time something like 53 per cent, oi" students in the medical school are college graduates. Fin- ally, by takijig this bold step in iidvunce of any other school, tho college has strengthened its hohl on the respect of the comjnunity, as is evidenced by the fact that when this school miule two successive a])peals for money to erect a new build- ing, they raised $300,000 (cheers), and that building is now nearly i-eady for occui)ation. Now, gentlemen, you can do the same for your school. We convinced our community that our school was deter- mined to raise the standard of medical education and to set an example which other schools should follow, and the community has been ready to support us in the attempt. Kveiyone of you, gentlemen, must bestir himself for your Univei'sity, in bringing his jirivate and public influence to bear u])()n the community. One of the founders of your Univei'sity has recently died, and it is fitting that a chair should be founded in his name — not necessarily with a large endowment — as has been clone in llarvai-d. Let the name of Dr. (ieorge W, Campbell go down to posterity (loud applause) connected with a (-hair of Sui-gery, or Anatomy, and let every one of you hert! present go to work to accomplish that result. (Loud cheers). The Chairman,— J i-all upon Dr. Jiuckham, President of the University of Vermont, to respond on behf.!f of that institu- tion. Dr. Buckham, — Mr. Chairman, I am both happy and proud to respond to this toast, and to present you on this occasion the felicitations of one of the younger and smaller institutions of the United States. I suppose that a medical institution, like any other, loves its neighbors, and we are your nearest neighbors. We have gone through the same experience from 49 poviM-ly to ii (k'gi'oe ul' piospei'ily, wliicli your I'linciidil has described as huviiiy heeu your lot, and 1 thiidc tliat lias been the history of pretty nearly every educational institution which has attained to prosperity, whether in this or other countries. I notice that in your enumeration of the tii-.st ten medical iuHtitutions in the oi-der of seniority, you do not include the University of Vcu'numt. I will not on this occasion dispute the accuracj^ of that Htatoment, nevertheless, I think we are an older institution than some of those mentioned — I say an older institution, Mv. Chaii-man, not a better. I was noticiu"- this morning in the Montreal Jlerald, an article entitled " The Future of Montreal." I know somethini;- of the jjast of Montreal, having lived in the province and frequently having been in the city during my boyhood. We have our little art collection at Burlington, and 1 was noticing in it yestci-day a picture of Montreal which I should think was made about seventy-five years ago. It represents a little sti-ip of houses along the river, pi-obably St. Paul and Notre Dame streets, while all the space where the Windsor Hotel now stands was either unoccu- pied or very sparsely populated. I let my imagination run over this intervening period of seventy-Hve yeai's. Your poj)u- lation has increased from 12,000 to 150,000. You ai-e spreatl- ing over all this island, and when a stranger comes here from the other side of the line and walks your streets, when he beholds your magniticont wharves and warehouses, your streets, and shops and chui'ches, he gets the impression that it is one of the handsomest and, in every way, one of the finest cities on the continent. (Cheers). But it does seem to me — if you Avill allow me to say so — that there ai-e two splendid opj)()r- tunities for the citizens of Montreal, which arc, as yet, but half improved. 1 heard, with astonishment, at an educatioiud meeting in St. Johns last winter, that you have no public library. (Hear, hear). Now, a city of the size of Montreal, in the year 1882, without a public library, is an anomaly in our civilization. (Hear, hear). Now, it does not become a stranger to say much on such a point as that, but I have no ticed sometimes that when a stranger comes to us and lets a word of advice drop, it is generally more heeded tlian what can be said by a native. (Hear, hear). But I would like to have it remembered, if nothing else I say or do in Montreal 50 is reinotnborod, whon f (uill tlic iittciition ol' some of thcHe wealthy gentlemen who live in the magniticeni j)alaces that I passed by on yoiu' streets to-day, to the fact that the veiy best means of perpetuating your name and endearing your memory to posterity, is to endow a public library in such a city as this. (Applause). Another matter of i'act opportunity which is before the citizens of Montreal is the further endowment of the McGill University. That is a matter on which I have had occasion to think much. It seems to me one of the unaccount- able facts in the history of humanity, that medical institutions, as such, have received very little endowment. Kvon our friend here from Harvard informs me that that old and rich institu- tion has but very slight endowments for its medical depart- ment. Xow, gentlemen, when 1 think of it, that strikes me as evidence of veiy great forbearance on the part of the medi- cal profession. (Hear, hear and laughter). You may take men in their weak moments if you like ; the clei-gy have not a better oppoi-tunity. (Laughter). We have all i-ead in history how, when the clergy found a sinner who was in a weak and dying condition, they knew how to extract money fi'om him for endowments to moiiasteries and churches. Now, I will not advise physicians to take advantage of the weak- ness of our poor humanity. I merely suggest to them, as something 1 know from ni}' own experience, that one of the best curative agencies in the jjossession of our human luiture is a large and handsome donation. 1 know of the case of a lady in the place where 1 live who was pronounced by all her physicians to be almost at the point of death from consumption. About then she gave $200,000 to endow a hospital, and shortly afterwai'ds she was examined by a no less distinguished physi- cian than Dr. Bowditch, of Boston, who assured her that she would live twenty years longer. (Laughter). So you can say, on the authority of a gentleman who stands at the head of a University that has a medical department, thai the endowment of a hos2)ital or the endowment of a medical chair, is almost a specific for pulmonary diseases (cheers and laughter) ; and generalizing this principle, you may say on the same authority, that moderate donations to the same objects are very good prophylactics. Seriously, gentlemen, the whole problem which we have been considering this evening, especially during the 51 romarks ol" thodistirxi^iusluMl gonllciiiaii who has just sat down, the whole pi-obleiu ol" the sir-cchs of mcMlji-iil education seems to hinge upon tluH, the increasing ol'the endowments of these departments. Those wdio instruct in medical institutions should he independent of tluur fees and should have some freedom from engi-ossing ])rofessional cai-es, and the same evidence of the respect and contidence of the community which those teaching in other departments enjoy. And when that time comes — and I think it will come — when a medical chair will carry an endowment with it, like any other chair, to sustain its occupant, then this problem will be solved ; and whether a professor has tlve students or live hundred, he can exact as a condition for a degree in his department, that degree of attainment which he thinks the case requires. (Cheers.) (.Icntlemen, not to detain you any longer, 1 will close witli the sentiment : Liberal endowments of medical schools, the need and the opportunity of the hour; and may McGill University have her full share in this bount}'. (Ap- plause). The Chairman, — \ would ask Dr. llottot to reply on behalf of the University of Laval. Dr. lioTTOT, — M. le President et Messieurs, c'est avec plaisir que je me fais l'interi)rete des sentiments de mes confreres et de tous ceux qui appartiennent a la Kaculte de Medecine de I'Universite Laval, en un mot, do tous les Professeurs de I'Uni- versite Laval, pour ott'rir mes plus sinceres felicitations a I'Universite Mcdill, a I'occasion de son 50me anidversaiie. L'Universite Laval, comme toutes les institutions qui se livrent a renseignement, qui se livrent au bien de I'luimanite, voit avec plaisir les auti-es institutions marcher dans la voie du progres, et applaudit de tout coeur a lour succes. Mais non seulement I'Universite Laval et les autres institutions doivent applaudir aux succes de I'Universite McCrill, mais tous les individus de cette province, je puis le dire, quelque soil leur origine, doivent voir avec la glus grande satisfaction les pro- gios immenses qu'a faits I'Universite McCiill depuis sa fonda- tion (applaudissements). Nous devons voir, par consequent, avec la plus grande satisfaction les ettbrts qu'on a faits pour mettre 1" University McGill sur un pied tel qu'elle soit un hon- neur, non seulemeut pour les citoyens anglais de Montreal, 52 mais Diicoro uii lioiiiu'Ui- |»()ur Ionic la pi'oviiicc, Muis (iiii sorit oeux (jiie nous devons I'oinorcior le plus pour avoir fait un tel I'tat do choses? (\', soiit d'alionl Ics fondatouns do I'lJnivorsitt' Medill ; co soiit onsuito los indivi(lusgi'nt'roux(|ui, tour h tour. Hont vonus, jo puis diro avcc tanl do patriotismo, pour niottrc rUnivorsiti' MclJill sui* un piod tol qu'ollo ost, coninio Je vions dc lo dire, un iionnour pour louto la province. Nous dcvoiis rcmorcior aiissi les savants {'rofesseurs (pio I'llniversitc Mctlill a pos8(5(U's ot (lu'ello posscdo oncoro, car c'est surtout par lour science qu'ils ont n'pandu cot oclat quo Ton voit brillor aujour- d'hui sur le College .\rc(Jill, et cot eclat qu') lours eleves, surtout, ont su repandro bion loin (ap])Iaudissonionts). ,lo suis done heureux de vous ottVir nos plus sinceros felicitations, el nous souhaitoiis que I'Universite McCJill marclicra do plus en plus dans la voio du progrcs, ot nous souhaitons surtout (pie la Faculte de Medecine (pio nous connaissons le mioux, continuora encore a fournir son contingent dc medocins savants et habiles, eoninio elle a fait dans le passe, et nous no doutons pas que sous rinfluence de leui- nouvoau doyen uno nouvelle impulsion sera donn^e a la prosperite ot a I'utilito do cotto institution (applaudissomonts) Tlie Cetaiuman — I now call upon l)i-. Woi-kman (o i-ospond on behalf of the institution he represents. Dr. Workman — Mv, Chairnuin and (Tontiomon, (Jraduatos of McGill, — Unfortunately, the last institution which I have liad the honor of representing was the Asylum foi- the Insane. (Laughtei'.) Perhaps the (Chairman has called u])on mo to speak in rofoj'enco to that institution ; if so, J am not at all ashamed of it. Hut ho may have ctdled upon me I'rom my connection with the old Toi'onto School of Medicine, which was formerly called the Eolph School, having been ostablishotL by the Hon. John Eolph, in which 1 Avas a lecturer for six or seven years. I remember the infancy of that school almost as well as 1 do that of McGill College. When I look around me to-night and see all these graduates who have become eminent men, J feel lost. 1 can hardly realize my own identity, much less that of the University. Jt reminds me of a circumstance I once read, where a countryman of mine — I suppose it Avas a murder case or a shooting case — Avas called upon to state his knoAvledge with regard to a certain gun, and the question was r)3 tiHkcd liiiii, -Jlowlong had ho known thai ,i,nin ?" " Faix," sayH lie, '' J hiivo known it over winco it was a pocket-pistol." (Ijani,^h((M'.) And so il is exactly hotii witli ro<{ard to tho Toronto School ol Medicine and Mc(Jill ('olle<(e; as to tiie tbr- rner, it has onl^^rown me alloi;'ethei', — and as to McGill, I am entii'oly lost. Yoii, Mr. Chairman, said last ni<;-ht that our ])rotbHsors formerly laui^'ht in a wooden huilding at the corner ol' JMace d'Armes. I he<;- loavo to correct you. You were young- at that time — hall' a century ago. It was a stone huild- ing, and I can rememher that it had two stores underground. My Hrst acquaintance with it was rather ominous for me. I luid Just commenced my studies in the otlice of my old tiitoi', J)r. Stephenson. It was ahout the lime; of the troubU^s of 1837-';{8, and there was coiisiderahle ditliculty in obtaining sub- jects in this neighborhood. Our young men had been oni one night making a call, and I was taken ovei* beyond the rear of what was then the Hank of Montreal, along Fortification bine, and turned into a cellar oi- basement below there. There was a quantity of hay there, and presently a tire was made which was necessary to thaw out some nuiterial that was there. (Laughter. 1 was left alone, and soon I ])erceived facing me a person that I ])reviously knew very well. 1 do not think tliere is a gentlemen bere old enough to remembei- him unless it be Mr. Molson — but there was a celcbratetl character in this city at that time wbom, |)erhaps, the public might remember, his name was .Johnny Doyle, .fohnny, one night, diluted bis water too much with alcohol, and he was picked up frozen to death. Qui- fellows that night found him, and tbcrc^ be stood staring at mo. lie bad a beautiful sot of teeth, and they were just grinning at mo. That was the broaking-in J got. 1 am very sorry, indeed, that my very highly esteemed old friend, Itoderick McDonald, who preceded mo in graduation but not in study, is not here to-night. \ think a more excellent man I never knew. With regard to what was said last night by you, Mr. Chairman, in reference to my old tutor. Dr. Stephenson, bo was well deserving of all the praise you gave bim. I knew what bis virtues wore, and I knew what be did for the Medical Faculty in those days. It was quite impossible at that time to induce any other class than our own profession to take the least interest in forwarding theoi-ganization of McGill College. / r)4 I Ix'licvc tlial uiilil tlir liino i( was \vv,\\ cstahliHluMl no one could l)c (bund (o (iiko any IntoiH'st in it, liiil the moment they found there wns money in it, in they came. (Apphuise.) The (!irA[HMAN next invited Dr. D'OrsonnonH to respond on lichall'of N'icloi'ia ('oMc^e. VoniK JloNNKKR, MoNsiEiiii i,K Doyen, — .MosHioui's, j(( reniercie les Momhres do hi Kaciiltc de iVfddeeine de rUnivei'sitc du College MeCJill, pour rhonncui- (pi'ils ont fait j\ TKcole do Mcdecine et (l in tlio dotiHoly pupiilatt^l eitius of (lioal Uiitaiii. FnuK'o or (Jormany, tho Caiunliau Iraiiiini,' lias Huttlci'd I'ui- putting thuiii on a luvol willi thoHu who t'nini tliu cointnuni'o- mont luul hcon laii^hf al (111! ^rcat st'liools. (Applause.) As an (!vidi*n('ii of tho high character of tho cdiicalional advan- tagcH alVorded in thin coinil ry, lioth gcn«M'al and medical, I niight inHtance the large nninlKM' of medical men who have worthily tilled the highiist, otllc(vs in their Heveral I'rovinci'H, aw alHo in tho Dominion (Jovernment — liciitonant-govornoi'H, cabinet minintorH, mcmherH of Dominion and i'rovincial par liamcnlM, mayoi-s of citiow, otc. ; also in our proleswional i-anks mon oducaled in (Ids country at tln^ dilferont schoolH, many hailing from Mcdill rnivei-sity, who haves hccn a|)|M)intc(| pro- I'oHHOi'K in tho colloges whort; tlicy ru(!oived their education, and whose special fitness for the Hatisfactory dirtcharge of their dutioM none would ((uestion. (ChecrH.) One of your oldest graduates, thin evening ])resent, has won for himself not oidy a Dominion hut a European reputation in tho specialty ho, for many years, was engaged in, and the duties of which he ho sat- isfac I oi-ily performed. I refer to my old friend, Dr. Workman. Met rill Univoi'sity han, then, ahundant rc^asons to be satislied witli tho career of her graduates for the last tifty years, an look forward to such an event for some, in all human probability thei-e will not be many of us present on that far-oft" occasion. It is pleasant to meet our old fellow-students, and it is to me a matter of exquisite pleasui'e to shake hands again with fellow giaduates of thirty years ago. I was pleased that some of them recollected me and that f recollected them, notwithstanding the changes which time has made. Yet there is necessai'ily an element of sadness in such meetings — to shake hands in middle age or advanced years with those whom we met in our younger days when full of health and strength and vigor, and now again after the lapse of years with feel- ings, perhaps, vei-y much changed. But as in the physical world there is a correlation of forces, so also is there a con-e- lation of forces in the mental and moral worlds. Of ti-ials, and sufferings, and anxieties of mind each one has doubtless had his share during those intei-vening yeai-s. And these are forces not to be lost, but which have their correlative value in syn\pathy. Fortunate would it be for us and for them if our sympathies for our fellow-creatures have inci'cased in propor- tion to the trials and anxieties we have experienced in the past. And now, gentlemen, permit me to say a word to the Dean. Mr. Dean, 1 wish to express the intense pleasui-e I have in styling you, my old personal fj-iend and fellow-student, Dean of the Faculty of Medicine. (Applause.) I wisli, Sir, j'ou had told me whet'ier I should limit myself to certain j)rofessions in this to-'st, or whether I should take in all those tha. A^ish to be stylea he sister professions. They are now becoming so very numerous that it is altogether impossible to enumerate and define them. There is the tonsorial profession, for instance; there is the profession of dentine, enamel, and cementum attached to our profession ; there is the chiropodical ; and, between this, the plantar pedis — where I shall end — to the 63 vertex capitis— wliorc i begjin, m iiiujiy segments of leuniiug are met with, that titles approjjriato to the professors in each segregated poj-tion are ditticult of coinage. However, 1 think I shall not depart from tiie good old custom, hut propose the toast to the three learned professions — divinity, law and medi- cine. That is the order now-a-days, hut not the order which would have heen ohserved two hundred and fitly years ago. It is, Mr. Chairman, a matter of Canadian history that long after doctors were here in great luimhcrs, and fattened in the land, there was no such thing as a lawyer, (liaughler.) There was a long pei-iod in the early history of Canada during which it was considered right and projjer and necessary that surgeons should dwell among the colonists ; hut unwise to allow a lawyer to put his foot upon the soil of Canada. (Hear, hear.) in looking over old papers we find numerous names of men who were styled Churigien du lioi, but we do not find the name of a single lawyer. L'Escarbot, at a later period, was per- mitted by the government of France to come hei-e alone; but, as you may well imagine, he was not very happy. There was no other lawyer to dispute with him as to the law of yneum and teuin, and to establish that nice division of estates between lawyer and client. (Laughter.) Jiut it was a fact that foi- a longiJperiod no lawyer was allowed to set his foot on the virgin soil of Canada. What a change 'since then ! and 1 dare say it will be pretended we are very much better for the change. As to the professors of divinitj^, it would ill become me to speak in the same vein. We seek, as Cowper did, " that divine sim- plicity in him who handles things divine." Of course we always find it. (Laughter.) As to our own pi-ofession, it speaks through the tongues of those who, gi-ateful or ungrate- ful, unceasingly bestow on their physician so generous a meed of censure or of praise. With these observations, Mr. J)ean, 1 shall propose the Sister Professions in the limited sense — the professions of divinity, medicine and law. Eev. Prof. Murray being called upon by the Chairman to respond on behalf of divinity, said: — Mr. Chairman and (Gen- tlemen, — In rising to respond for the profession of divinity I beg to state, at the outset, that 1 do so merely as a sort of make-shift. I was approached by one of the Committee con- nected with the arrangements for this evening, who told me that Jill the cloi'juy who had boen invitod to the banquet hud declinod, and that they must, therefore, depend on me for representing that ])r()lesHion. Mow I feel as if I were inti-ud- ing into a position to which I have no very juet claim when I take it u])on myself to speaU foi- the ministerial ])rofossion. Jt is true that I was educated lor that profession, but 1 have never occupied any position in connection with it, having been, almost immediately after leaving college, called to u position as professoi'. At the same time, 1 need scarcely say that I can never fail toi-etain an interest in those studies with a view to which 1 was bro* ^-ht up in my early life, and [ make this remai'k all the moi dpon the present occasion because it leads me to sa_\' that the theologian is one who, by the very nature of his calling, by the veiy nature of the sciences which he is called to studj', takes an interest at the same time in nearly every branch of human knowledge, and especially in those branches over which the .Medical Faculty of a university pre- sides. It is said that too many clergymen treat man as if he were all soul and no body. Well, i need scai-cely remind you that the opposite charge has sometimes been brought against you, gentlemen, of treating man as if he were all body and no soul. 1 think you will justify me in saying that no philosophi" cal medical practitioner could take such a view of that mar- vellous nature which it is his duty to treat in case of disease; I think he will admit that medical ])ractice compels him to recognize something more than a mere animal nature in man, con\}>els him to recognize the fact that man is endowed with an imagination that broods over the past and tortures him with fbi'cbodings of the future, with a knowledge whose thoughts wander through eternity, and that this mental nature is constantly liable to various diseases. I was glad to hear Dr. Grant refer to that in the exceedingly able remarks he made a few moments ago. Those remarks, I think, will convince an}'one that the medical practitioner is forced to recognize the fact of the mental life of man as well as his bodily or animal life, and that the sources of disease are often developed and encoui-aged from ignoring these circumstances. In the same way I do not hesitate to acknowledge that no jihilosophical clergyman, no clergyman who thoroughly realizes the duties he is called to perform, can overlook the fact that man is not 65 liierely a (si)iritiml boiiig, l)u( ti Hj)iritniil halng who rc(jiiircs ua tininml organism to work out the diitioH to which ho is called ill Wi'o by his Makei-, and that the perfection with which we perform tho.se duties depends upon our keeping this animal organism witii which we are endowed in the highest state of efficiency of which it is capable. The clergyman, if he is faithful to his duties, will thcrefoi'o endeavor to impi'oss upon those with whom he has to deal, that they are unfaithful to the trust which God has given them in the world, and unfaithful to that marvellous physical organism with which they have been endowed, if they do not treasure it so as to make it as effi- cient an instrument as possible of performing the work which they are called upon to do. 1 find, indeed, gentlemen, in a motto which has been attached to this toast, that those who have drawn u\) the programme of the evening have, while making reference to the professions, adopted tlie function of the clergyman in enjoining the duties of life which the clergy- man is supposed to enjoin, for we are here informed that the best physic that even a doctor can prescribe is the virtue of temperance. Well, the lawyer is turned into a preacher too by being told that the best hsv he can give to his clients is a patient disposition of mind. Bui I am glad also to find that the clergyman is reminded that a good conscience is the best divinity. (Cheers.) But I find that temperance is here put at the head of the virtues, and I wish to practice that virtue on the present occasion. 1 wish to cultivate temperance in speecli, not that I have any temptation at the present moment to be intemperate in the sense of using any improi)er language. I think that total abstinence is best in regard to that. But I wish to practice the virtue of temperance in the length of my remarks, and I shall therefore conclude by expressing the belief and the hope that the medical profession will find in the more intelligent members of the clerical profession zealous hel])ers in the work which (hey are called to do, by the clergj-men preaching what I consider to be a veiy wise gospel — the gospel of devout submission to the will of God as it is manifested in the laws of the animal organism with which we are endowed. (Cheers.) Mr. W. H. Kerr, Q.C, Bean of the Faculty of Law, being called upon by the Chairman to respond on behalf of the Bar. 66 suid: — Mr. Clminiian and (Jontleinoii, — In riHing to ro.spond to the touHt coiu'orniii^ \ny own pi-oCoHsion, I feel my inability ut thi.s hour of the niylit lodo JuHtico to it, not only from my own want of power hut also from the- want of time. 'Plu^ three learned j)rofes,>;ionH oi" divirdty, law and medieino — (hough 1 may change the oi'der in whieh Dr. Ilingnton gave them — march in the van of the army of civilization. To them are to he aHcrihed nearly all the groat deodH that adorn hintory, and in the future, as in the past, it is to [)o hoped the profe.sfsion of which 1 have the hoiuu* to be a member will always advocate right and protest against wrong, and, if necessary, make any sacrifices to accomplish its objects. On this gloiious occasion, however, even as there is no pleasure unalloyed, there is a drop ublic-spirited, an accomplished botanist and min- eraloii'isl, whose collections now adorn our museum, and who, until the last, took an earnest and lively interest in every mat- ter that concerned the welfare of his fellow men and tho pro- b groHw and iMlvuncorm*nt(»f liuinsmily. I l)elit'Vo the other three moil must have bei-ii like him. I {jroposc, therefore, the •' Foiii" FounderH of the Medu-iil Faculty of MdJill ITniverwity." I ask you to di'ird< this toast in silence, with a prayer that the <^ood woi-k which these men ho/^an may continue to prosper, and that vve may bo able to follow worthily in their footsteps. The toast was drank in silence. Toast — The Montrkal General Hohi'Ital. Dr. MoCAiiLUM, bein^ called u))on by (ho Chairman tf) l^roposo this toast, said : — The toast I have to propose is one to which J am certain you will all most cordially respond. Ungrateful, indeed, would bo any graduate in Modicino of Mc(iill University who would, at any time or under any circumstances, fail to do honor to that noble institution which has furnished him the opportunities of acquiring a practical knowledge of his professsion — the Montreal General Hospital. The noble edifices, erected and set apart for the reception of the homeless and friendless sick, which are now found in nearly every town and city throughout civiliza- tion, are in the highest degree creditable to our common humanity, and may be regarded as so many monuments of the philanthropic spirit of the ago in which we live. Hospitals and infirmaries were unknown to the ancients. Kgypt had her magnificent mausoleums for the reception of the dead, and cari'ied to jjerfection the art of embalming the bodies of the departed. Greece and pagan Eome embellished their cities with stately structures dedicated to the worship of their (ieities and to the gratification of the sonsos, the architectural beauties of which, even as exhibited in their ruins, have com- manded the admiration of all succeeding ages. Their sftges and philoso]»liers reasoned astutely on the nature and destinies of man, and occasionally inculcated sublime lessons of virtue ; but we search in vain in their writings for those higher teach- ings which place man in his proper relations to his fellows; nor do we detect the influence of such teachings on their mind in their public buildings. No edifice, unpretending or other- wise, for the shelter of the helpless victim of disease can be discerned amid the profusion of temples and palaces — no asy- lum for the aged, decrepidor weak. To the humanizing influ- 69 ctu*OH of (,'hriHtianity alone nrv we, in modern times, indehtecl lor tluH si^^lit. To llio revolution ell'ectod in our nuturid Icol- ingH by her pure, unseltiHli teolings must we attribute the pleuHUi'e wo uxporlonce in the erection and Hustonlution of various cluirituble institutionni. Tho Montreal (ienerul Hospital was established in the year 181!). On tho Hrst day ol" May of that year it was opened for the reception of patients. The lirst building secured for the purposes of the charily was on (^raig street. It contained three wards capable of accommodating twenty- four patients. Tho warm interest which tho citizens of Montreal have taken in tho wellaro of this institution fi-om its inception to the present time, soon led to an active movement to |»rovido for it more ampUf and suitable accommo- dation. Tho result was that tho site of the present hospital buildings was secured, and the foundation stone of the central building laid on tho Gth Juno, 1821. Tho Ilichardson wing was added in the year 1832, and later the J{eid wing and tho Morland extension. Tho General Hospital now contains fifteen wards, capable of containing one hundred and fifty patients. Shortly after the nuiin building was erected tho physicians on the visiting staff, Di-s. Stephenson, Holmes, Caldwell and Kobortson, associated themselves together for tho purpose of establishing a scliool of medicine, and utilizing the means alfordod by tho wards of the Hospital for instructing students of Medicine in tho practical part of their profession. This organization was tho germ of tho Medical Faculty of McGill University. Since that time tho Faculty and the Hospital have been intimately associated, and by tho labors of a succes- sion of earnest, able men tho Hospital now enjoys not only a liomo but an Amci'ican and a European reputation as a distin- guished and successful School of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, I address an audience conversant with the facts, and I have no hesitation in asserting that, to tho medical student honestly desirous of preparing liimself for tho practice of his profession, tho Montreal General Hospital has always offered, and now especially offers, a field for tho necessary training second to no other on this continent. A distinctive feature of this charity, and one that commends itself to every liberal-mindel man, is its catholicity. It is truly a general hospital. The national- 70 ity, I'oli/^ioii or croud of llio tipplicaril tor admission (o its wardM I'ocoivos tioL tlio sli^litost cy Iho amount of iinsoltish ijood that it has boon the moans of accomplishing^, then, amongst tho institutions of Montreal this ijfrand old chai'ity should Htand facile prinreps. I asU you to join mo in drinkin/^ to tho continued and incroasod success and prosj)ority of tho Montreal (Jonoral lIosj)ital. Dr. Uendkrson, upon invitation of tho Chairman, sang a song. Tho (JiiAiHM.VN — Tho Troasurer of tho .Mcmtroal (ionoral Hospital, Mr. Davidson, will kindly lospond to Dr. McCallum's toast. Mr. Thos. Davidson — T rogrot oxtromoly that tho President of the Montreal flenoral Hospital has been obliged to loave^ and I, a very junior member of the Managing Committee, am left to respond to this toast. 1 think this may well be termed tho toast of the pi-ogrammo, and well deserving of honor, be- cause ] think most of the distinguisho<|iiHl dc grop. At tlio pi'OHcnt tiim* ihv Maiui;;in;,'("<)nuniltt'(? arc pain- fully iinprosHod with tlio facl that tin* huiMini^s ai-c utterly InHdoqualo, and HtopK will soon have to h(' tak(>n t<» oroct a huildini^ sufflcicnt for Iho i'iH|iiii'omontrt of tho city. Mr. Chairman, I havo no dnuht tln^ citi/c'iiH of Montreal will noMy roHjiond to any a])|K>al that may bo madt* to them in timt bohalf. ()tu> olo(|ii('nl Hjx'aUcr who prrccdod mo to-niyht su/^- gOHted a memorial chair to the late Dr. I'ampbeii; in the Hamo way, r third?, this would bo a good opportutnty to got Homo one to give .S2()(>,000 fen* the oroction of a now wing to tho Montreal (Jonoial Hospital. Mr. Ciiairman, 1 have to thank the gontlemcn pi-osont, on bohalf of tho ('ommittoo of Manage- ment, for tho l-ret the toast which elicited these remarks did not come in earliei- — the impresHion is this : that the citizens of Montreiu owe some- thing to the Medical Faculty of McGill College If Montreal claims to be the tirstcityin the Dominion in wealth and ])()pu- lation, and in all the other interests which belong lo a meti-o- politan city, it seems to me that the citizens should see to it, that its chief educational institution is placed on a tootiu"- commensurate with the importance of the city. On this ground 1 appeal to the citizens of Montreal, and to the mer- cantile men especial !3'—fo'' they hold the purse-strings, as you know — to come forward and meet the liberal ort'er of this friend of ours. I ask the citizens at once to form a committee, in co-operation witn our Faculty, to collect ^50,000, in oi-der that by next August, as wo are limited to that fnie, we shall be in a position .o claim fi-om our friend the 850,000 he has promised. Had we a lund of §100,000 from whicdi we could leceive a revenue, there ai-o many things wo could do in our own Faculty that we are unable to ])erform. In my lengthy lecture last night I alluded specially to one, an.d that one Chair I am veiy anxious to see estal)lished. It is quite plain that before long it will become absolutely necessary in the teaching of the several branches of medicine, to have men who deserve the name of expei'ts, who shall devote their time exclusively to teaching eeriain scientific parts of medicine, and who shall not bo embarrassed with the necessity of practising the ai-t. (Hear, hear). There is no question that we must have a per- son exclusively devoted to chemistry, who shall be a recognized autluu'ity in that science, and who shall not be obliged to waste his time and energies by attending to the exigencies of practice. Another necessity, I think, especially if we wish to maintain our present j)roiid j)osiiion of being the leading medical school in this city and Dominion, is to have also a person who shall be able to devote his time exclusively to physiology, and e-tpecially to thai, (!cp;irtment of it which ap- plies to pathology. Original investigation we must aim at. We have men in our province well q diiied +o undertake such 74 duties, !ui(l we should have a chair endowed cxchisively for that ]nirj)ose, as an appanage of the Univeisity. I ventured to suy;gest last nig-ht, although a departure from what has hitherto been done, so far as I know, in any medical school, the establishment of a chair for compai-ativo pathology. I consider this would bo a great step in advance. If there is progi'ess to be made in the science of disease, it must come now largely from the study of disease as a whole, not alone as it is found in num, but as it occurs in the animal and in the vegetable kingdoms. We cannot possibly get a competent man for that position unless we have the means to pay him hand- somely. When you recollect the difficulties of mastering the "subject of human pathology, and when you add the necessity ol' a knowledge of general animal pathology, and of the cognate dc]jaitnicnt of vegetable pathology, you will understand that to procure a man vei-sed in those subjects, we must be pi-epared to pay a sufficient salary. The advantages that would result, not alone to our school, but to the science of medicine in general and to this countrj^ would be so great, that I am satisfied the founder of such a chair would feel amply rewarded. In the name of the Faculty, 1 thank the gentleman who proposed this toast. In conclusion, I ask you all, graduates and citizens, to co- operate in this enterprise which we as a Faculty are about to undertake, so that before the first of August next, I should say before three months, wo may raise the 050,000 required to secure this munificent offer of a friend. (Cheers). Toast — The Ladies. Dr. MacDonnell proposed the toast of the Ladies, accom- panying it with the sentiment, " Bibamus salutem earum, et confusionem ad oranes bacularios." The toast was duly honored. Toafit — The Puabmaceutical Association ; Scientific PlIAllMACY, THE HANDMAID OP MeDICINE. The Chairman, — This toast was handed to me by a valued friend, and I am sure it will be most acceptable to this body. '11. .■ Pharmaceutical profession is so closely linked to our 75 own,t]uit anything which concerns its interests vitally aftects the interests of our profession. As it is our handmaid, or right hand, so to speak, I am quite sure our feelings towards it are those of the warmest sympathy. The toast was duly honored. Dr. Gdrd, — I beg to thark you, Mr. Chairman and gentle- men, for the toast you have drunk. I have been a member of the Pharmaceutical Association from the beginning, and have been very famiiiai- with the profession lor about thirteen years. On behalf ot the Association, 1 tluud<; you for the honor you have done us, and regret that the President, Mr. Manson, had lo leave before this toast vv^as proposed. diiERiFP Chauvkau, — I propose a double toast, one to oui- worthy Chairman, Dr. Howard, and one to our next meeting fifty years hence. The toast was duly honored. Dr. Copeland, Chicago, — On behalf of the visiting graduates, I propose a toast to the resident physicians, for " oir kindness to myself and others on our visit to Montreal on this auspicious occasion. The toast was duly honored. The Chairman left the chair at ten minutes past one o'clock in the morning, and the company dispersed.