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1653 EosI Moin ilretl
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V ^ ONTARIO PROVINCIAL ELECTIONS, 1902

/ / PROVINCIAL SECRETARY'S

'^' -^ DEPARTMENT

'-/.. ^-•-

/ V^^ Public Institutions, Asylums, Administpation of
the License Depaptment, Hospitals and
Chapities, Public Health, Joint
Stock Companies.

Number of Persons cared for in Asylums and
other Institutions in 1901 58,707

Average cost per Patient, American

Asylums $188.22

Average cost per Patient, Canadian

Asylums $199.79

Average cost per Patient, Ontario

Asylums $ 122.82

• Total Liquor Licenses, 1874 6,185

Total Liquor Licenses, 190 1 2,950

Average Commitments for Drunkenness for
Dominion— 1 for every 440 Persons.

Average Commitments for Drunkenness for
Ontario— 1 for every 684 Persons.

Total Revenue from Liquor Licenses since

1876 12,224,539

Received by the Municipalities of this

sum r. 6,418.002

BUILD UP ONTARIO

PROVINCIAL SECRETARYS DEPARTMENT.

The Provincial Secretary has in charge the following institu*
tions ; —

Persona cared
for during Year
1901-

The Central Priion (for men) with 1,042

The Mercer Reformatory for women 188

The Penetanguuhene Reformatory for boys 208

Seven Lunatic Asylums 5,240

The Asylum for Idiots atOrillia 709

Forty-five County and District Gaols 8,616

Twenty District Lockups 650

' The Ontario Institution for the Blind (pupils) 138

The Ontario Institution for the Deaf and Dumb (pupils) 30O

54 Hospitals 32,909

41 Houses of Refuge . • 4,855

33 Orphan Asylums 3,952

Total 58,707

Object of Public Institutions.

The object of such institutions as the Central Prison, the
Mercer Reformatory and the Reformatory for Boys is not con-
finement as a punishment for offences committed, but rather to
bring the inmates under discipline and control, with a view to
the reformation of their characters, and to the acquisition of
some useful occupation. The Reformatory for Boys is now
virtually an industrial school, conducted under the strictest moral
and educational influences.

The labor of the prisoners at the Central Prison is directed so
SLi to interfere as little as possible with free labor. The produc-
tions of the various industries carried on within the Central Prison
go a good way towards the reduction of the expense of maintain-
ing the prisoners, and in this way the public is relieved to that
extent of maintaining a very useful institution. The principal
industries are the manufacture of binder twine, broom-making,
woodenware, iron beds, and shoemaking and tailoring for the
other public institutions of the Province. It is thought reason*
able that where the Public Treasury is teized for the mainten-
ance of many thousand lunatics and others, the inmates of
the Central Prison, who are strong and able to work hould
produce, as far as practicable, the wearing apparel and the boots
and shoes required by the inmates of the other institutions.

BUILD UP ONTARIO

1^97

1^1

National Library
of Canada

Blblloth^ue nationale
du Canada

PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMENT.

Magnitude of the Task.

When the number of persons cared for in the asylums, gaols
and hospitals and the other institutions classified as charitable
is considered, it will be seen what an enormous task the Gov-
ernment has assumed in providing for their comfort and main-
tenance.

Since 1867, $7,926,629.09 were expended by the Government
on the erection, equipment and furnishing of public institutions
and of lockups. 01 that sum only $772,190.50 was expended
prior to 1872. From this it .appears that the generous accom-
modation which the Province provided in respect to all these
institutions is owing to the forethought and business capacity of
the different Liberal Governments.

Increase of Patients and Inmates.

The following shows the increase in the number of patients in
the Asylum for Feeble-Minded at Orillia, and in the Asylums for
the Insane at London, Toronto, Mimico, Hamilton, BrockviUe and
Kingston, and the cost of maintenance at stated intervals : —

Patients under Total cost year

treatment, ending Sept. 30.

1872 1,717 $187,719

1877 2,390 281,844

1882 3,288 368,683

1887 3,553 415,330

1892 4,785 544,680

1897 5.712 605,788

1901 5.949 623,675

Comparative Cost Between Ontario and Other Countries.

An examination of the returns from the various public insti-
tutions in the United States and other countries furnishes a
comparison of a most favorable character in the cost of manage-
ment of the institutions in Ontario, as the following figures will
prove :

AsylunvS.

COST PER PATIENT.

iTearly.

Three Michigan Asylums, 1898 to 1900 f 178. 35

Six New York Asylums, 1898 to 1900 305.24

Two Indiana Asylums, 1900 136.13

Eight Massachusetts Asylums, 1898 160.48

One Illinois Asylum, 1898 151.07

BUILD UP ONTARIO

4 PROVINCIAL SECRGTARYS DEPARTMENT.

One Ohio Aiylam, 1899 141.9S

One Maine Asylom, 1899 256.00

One PennaylTsnia Asylum, 1900 208.46

Two WiMonun AOTlams, 1900 234.64

One Washington Cfity Aqrium, 1900 220.00

Seventy-nine English County and Borough Asylums, 1900

and 1901 168.28

Eight New ZeaUnd Asylums, 1901 134.30

Eight New S. Wales Asylums, 1901 135.20

One Montreal Asylum, 1900 and 1899 206. 18

One Nora Scotia Asylum, 1899 171.23

One Manitoba Asylum, 1898 175.20

One British Columbia Asylum, 1899 247.66

Average of American Asylums 188.22

Average of Canadian Asylums, exclusive of Ontario 199.79

General Average of All Asylums, English, American Aus-
tralian and Canadian, exclusive of Ontario 176.85

8ETEN ONTARIO ASYLVH8, average Hroni 1898

to 1901, tnclnslve l!S!e.88

Difference f ^4.03

The average dailv number of patients in the Ontario Asylums
for the years 1898 to 1901 was o.ll*. Multiplied by the 854.03,
it gives the sum of $276,309.42, which is the annual saving to
the Province, as compared with the cost of other countries.

Charitable Institutions.

The population of the Charitable Institutions of the Province
in 1901 was 41,716. This population represents the attendance
at 54 hospitals where all forms of diseases are treated, 41 Houses
of Refi^ge for the support of the aged and infirm, 32 Orphan
Asylums for deserted and fatherless children, and 1 Magdalene
Asylum for fallen women.

The total amount paid in 1901 for these purposes was $187,-
731.83, every dollar of which is directed for the relief of human
suffering or misfortune. In addition to this, there has been paid
84,000 to each of the 19 County Houses of Refuge during the
last ten years, or a total of $76,000. Were it not for the provis-
ion of the Government, this vast population would be a burden
either upon private charity or on the municipalities to which
they belong. ,

In 1871, institutions receiving aid 32

In 1901, • '• " 128

BUILD UP ONTARIO

PROVINCIAL SECRETARY S DEPARTMENT.

Ontario Institviion for the Blind.

In the Institution for the Blind the pupils are trained in
arithmetic, grammar, geography, reading, typewriting, literature,
writing, natural history and physiology, English and Canadian
history, chemistry and music. They are also taught to earn
their own living by means of piano-tuning, basket-making,
sewing and knitting, and are thus prevent^ from adding U>
the already too large roll of paupers who look to their respective
municipalities for support.

The following table gives the number of pupils and the cost
of maintenance at intervals of five years since the school was
opened : —

No. of Pupils Total j No. of Pupila ToUl

1872.
1877.
1887.

on Roll.
,. 34
.122
, .155

Cost.

9 7,523 00

•26,913 00

32,888 00

on Rob. Coat.
1892.... 155 $36,750 45
1897.... 149 32,782 66
1901.... 138 32,417 30

Comparison with United Stsktec.

New York SUte. . $288.00

New York City... 391.32

Maryland 294.94

Illinois 284.08

Michigan $264. '^'^

Boston 337.97

Pennsylvania 356.17

Ontario 974.19

Ontario Institution for the Deaf and Dumb.

The aim of this school is to teach the pupils to read with or
without articulation, and to give them, at the same time, as good
a general education as the time allowed — seven years — will admit
of. They receive also a fair industrial training, being taught
shoemakiug, carponter work, printing, farming, tailoring, dress-
making, machine-sewing, hand-sewing, and fancy work. Many
of the pupils, when they leave, are quite able to earn their own
living, and all of them are greatly improved. The following
table gives the aggregate cost of the Institution at intervals
since 1872:

No of Pupils Total
on Roll. Cost.

1872 .... 122 $24,89« 00

1877.... 271 38,332 00

1887.... 264 39,<)95 00

Average of 20 insti-
tutions in the Unit-
ed States $280.00

No. of Pupils
on Roll.

Total
Cost.

$41,672 00
45,282 70
47,523 29

1892 285

lo97 292

1901 :ioo

Mackay Inst'u, P.Q. $190.00
Manitoba Institution 24^ 00
Ontario 184.9«

BUILD UP ONTARIO

PROVINrML secretary's DEPARTMENT.

Statement ahminng Number of Charters and Licenses Granted

to Companies from January 1st, 1891, to

December Slat, 1901.

Letters Patent Fees Re-
and Licenses celved /from
Year. Iwtucd. Companies.

3891 152 9 6,030.00

1892 158 6,780.00

1893 138 8,865.00

1894 139 7,720 00

1896 174 10,060.00

1896 164 14,336.00

Letters Fatent Fees Re-
aiid Licenses celved from
Year. Issued. Companies.

1897 368 $34,650.00

1898 296 23,820.00

1899 416 60,817.60

1900 438 71,179.00

lyOl 547 82,713.34

Total 1325,969.84

Extra Provincial Comfanies.
Prior to the session of 1900, companies inoorporated under the
laws of other countries might and diJ come into Ontario and
enter into competition with our own companies, observing no
conditions and paying no imposts other than the municipal taxes
common to all. Up to that time, the legislation affecting outside
companies was purely permissive in character in so far as taking
out licenses was concerned, and, accordingly, few licenses were
jBsued. In 1900, however, the Legislature passed a Bill provid-
ing that every extra provincial company carrying on business in
Ontario for gain should take out a license and make an annual
return, thus placing such companies on a fairer footing, so far as
our own Ontario companies are concerned, and enabling creditors
and others interested to learn something as to their antecedentB,
etc., the names of their officers and other useful information
theretofore not obtainable in the Province. Dominion companies
were included among the otherextra provincial companies, butthey
were charged merely nominal fees for their licenses, while doubt
as to their power to hold and convey land in Ontario was removed,
a valuable concession, there having been vexatious litigation on
ihis point in the Courts. •

Under the present Act 63 Victoria, Cap. 24, there have been
granted already 289 licenses.

Grotvth and Work of the Provincial Secretary's Office.
The following statistics show how rapidly the business of the

Provincial Secretary's Office has increased :

Estimated.
1871. 1901.

Number of files 1.264 6,974

Letters, etc., received 1,690 23,000

BUILD UP ONTARIO

PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPABTMENT.

Lcttan tent 1,280 26.000

Bafere.u «• to other departmenta 912 2,600

Reports from " " 470 2,300

Marriage Lioenae Forma, supplied to laauers . . None 66,000

OommiasiooB 190 121

Warranta re Lunatioa 195 323

Appointmenu to OfKce Oaaetted 149 650

Other Public Notices 68 461

Proclamations 16 10

Lettera Patent and Lioenaea 24 647

Feea $2,282 |87,634

Public Health.

By the establishment of the Provincial Board of Health in
1882 the Government has undertaken in conjunction with the
Local Boards of Health the general supervision of the health of
the Province. The special object of the Provincial Health
Organization is to disseminate information for the prevention
of contagious and infectious diseases. At different times
it has been called upon to deal with outbreaks of smallpox,
scarlatina, diphtheria and typhoid in the unorganized portions of
the Province. As a result of its labors, the mortality rate of
Ontario has been greatly reduced, as may be seen in the follow-
ing table :

Total deatha in 1883. 21.049 ; or rate per 1,000 pop. 10.9.

" " 1900,29,494; " " 127.

Total deaths from Preventable Disetjes in 1883, 3,787 ; or 17% of total
deatha.

Total deatha from Preventable Diseaaes in 1900, 1929 ; or 6.5% of total
deatha.

Or an absolute aaviufr of 1,858 livea from preventable deatha alone, or
60.9 of a decreaae in 17 years, notwithstanding the total death rate has
been increased by 8,445 or an increase of 35.0%.

The Health Department also advists corporations in regard to
the construction of sewerage systems, and makes analyses of
samples of water in order to protect the public against pollu-
tion in private and public water supplies, and determines the
potability of all waters proposed as public supplies for towns.
In 1882 there were 12 municipalities in Ontario having public
water supplies, and fewer still with sewerage systems ; in 1901
there^ are 105 municipalities with public water supplies, and
52 with systems of town sewerage more or less complete.

BUILD UP ONTARIO

8 PROVINCIAL secretary's DBPARTMENT.

THE LIQUOR LICENSE LAWS OF THE
PROVINCE OF ONTARIO.

When the Mowat Government took office in 1871. the liquor
traffic was under the control of the Municipal Councils of the
Province, and licenses to sell liquor were »>"«? ^'y **it "m*"*'-'
pality The inspection of hotels was also directed by the Mum-
apal Councils by an officer appointed by the Council.

As a consequence there was great abuse of the power to issue
licenses, and the whole question as to the issue of licenses and
the regulation of the traffic entered into municipal politics and
seriously affected municipal elections. , ^u d •

The first radical change in the license laws of the Province
was made in 1876, by an Act commonly known as the ' Crooks
Act" bv which the licensing of hot ils and other places for the
sale of liquors was placed in the hands of three commissioners
for each electoral district, and the inspection of bote s, etc., in
the hands of an officer appointed by the Government, known as
Inspector of Liquor Licenses. , , „ ^,

'fhe following table gives, in intervals of fiy« y«»"> *^^ JJ"™"
bers of each kind of license issued between 1874 and 1900 in-

elusive : — „„ ,

Whole-
Year Tavern. Shop. wle. Vewel. Total.

1874.'5 4,793 1.307 52 33 6,185

1879-80 3.199 757 42 22 4,020

1884-5 3,253 676 28 14 3,970

»1888-9 2.066 336 26 17 2.445

1889-90 3,073 446 27 15 3,660

1894-6 2.786 3a7 29 - 3,161

1899-00 2.621 308 21 - 2,950

*Soott Act year.
The number of licenses issued in proportion to population was
as follows : —

18T». .One to «T« penoni. 1 1900. One to TOO personi.

Compari8on toith United States.
The following sUtement taken from a late return of the Com-
missioner of Inland Revenue of the United States shows the
number of licenses issued according to population in several
States :—

BUILD UP ONTARIO

PKOVINCIAL SKCRBTABT's DEPARTMENT.

lUinoia One to each 183 MinneaoU. One to each 301

Indiana. " " 247 New York " " 1S4

Iowa " " 289 Ohio " " 203

Michigan •' " 239 MaaaachuaetU. . " " 386

The position of Ontario under the License Act will be better
appreciated by the following statement : —

Nnmber of organised Manioipalitiea in the Province... 756

Number of organized Municipalitiea where no tayern licenaes

are iaaued ^^^

Or twenty per cent, of the whole number.
Namber '' Monioipalitiea in which one and not more than

two taT«m lioenaea are iaaued 436

Or fifty-aoTen per oent. of the whole number.

Number of Municipalities without a shop license 625

Or eighty-two per cent, of the Municipalities of the Province.

Same Figures for Canada.

According to population, licenses were issued for last year as
follows : —

Qaebec One to each 635 I Montreal One to each 349

Toronto " " 1000 1 Ontario " « TOO

Commitmenta for Drunkenness.

The beneficial effect of the improvement made in the license
laws is strikingly shown in the reduction of the number of com-
mitments for drunkenness. The commitments to gaol according
to population were in : —

1876.*. One for every 444 persona I 1892. .One for every 772 parM>na
1882.. " " 561 " I 1900.. " " 836 "

Comparison untli Other Province$.

Statement of convictions for drunkenness in the Provinces of
the Dominion, as shown by Dominion Year Book, 1900 : —

Manitoba One to 356 peraons.

Ontario One to 828 peraons

Quebec " 4«1 "

Nova Scotia " 448 "

New Brunawick. " 263 "

Average for the Dominion, One to 440.

ATwrage for Oatario, One to 684.

British Columbia
Prince Ed. Island
The Territories..

207 ♦'
341 "
180 "

BUILD UP ONTARIO

PROVINCIAL SECRETARY S DEPARTMENT.

Fiftten Tears' Record.

The return for each period of five years since 1886 shows »
reduction in commitments for drunkenness as follows :

In the period from 1886 to 1890 the averse commitmenta
were 4,311

For the next five-year period, from 1891 to 1896, the aver-
age number of commitmenta had fallen to 2,703

For the next five year period, from 1896 to 1900, the aver-
age number had again dropped to 1,920

This Is a decrease in 13 yean of S,S91

This represents a reduction of over £5 per cent., a reduction
which will be much emphasized when the larfi^e increase of popu-
lation in that time is considered. Ontario thus stands at the
head of all the provinces in having a sober people. Education
and progressive legislation have brought about these results.

Revenue from Tavern, Shop and Wholesale Licenses.

Equally noticeable with the falling off in the number of licenses
issued under the Crooks Act, is the increase of revenue never-
theless derived. One of the provisions of that Act was, that part
of this revenue should go to the Province and the remainder to
the municipalities, the former assuming, and the latter being
relieved from, the sole responsibility of enforcing the law against
illicit selling. The following table shows the proportionate
revenue accruing to the Province and to the municipalities re-
spectively, for the years therein stated : —

Municipal Revenue. Provincial Revenue.

1886-7 f 153.716 69 $216,466 78

1887-8 166,979 89 201,542 45

1897 8 259.873 38 268,247 40

1898-9 252 689 90 261,523 IP

18991900 249.496 99 :304,819 68

1900-1 260,482 13 304,676 60

The revenue obtained by the municipalities from the liquor
traffic, under the Crooks Act is much greater than was obtained
before the enactment of that law, notwithstanding the fact that
the number of licenses is less by one-half, and is greater than
they would have been receiving now had it not t^en enacted.
It may also be stated that while the Act enables Municipal
Councils to increase the fees for their own benefit, only 835 of
the 756 municipalities have taken advantage of this provision of

BUILD UP ONTARIO

PROVINCIAL SECRETARY S DEPARTMENT.

the law. It has been urged by the Opposition that the Liquor
License Act represents a " robbery " of the municipalities by the
Qovernment. The total revenue derived from the liquor licenses
since 1876 up to May, 1901, amounts to the sum of $I3,SSB4,-
<S39. Of this sum the municipalities have received over half, or
no less than $6,418,009.

Briefly, The Crooks Act

(a) Limited the number of lioenBes to be granted in every municipality; (b)
Took the power of granting licenses away from the Municipal Councils and
conferred it on Boards of Commissioners ; (e) Authorized each Council to
still further limit the number of licenses ; (d) Authorised the Commissioners
to do the same thing ; (e) Authorized each Council to prescribe conditions
for obtaining a tavern license in addition to those specified in the license
law itself ; (/) Authorized each Council to limit the number of shop licenses,
to require the holder of a shop license " to con&ne the business of his shop
solely and exclusively to the keeping and selling of liquor," and to "impose
any restrictions upon the mode of carrying on such traffic as the Council
may think fit ;" {g) Imposed a minimum fee fcr each of the three kinds of
licenses — wholesale tavern and shop ; {h) Vested the appointment of License
Inspector in the Lieutenant-Govemor-in-Counoil ; (i) Required all taverns
to be well-appointed eating-houses.

Under the operation of the Act the reduction in the number
of licenses issued was immediate, and has so far proved to be
permanent as the following statement will show :

In the first period of five years, the reduction was ^,165 or 433lper
year.

During the next five-year period the reduction was less, being only fifty,,
•r ten per year.

In the third five-year period the reduction was considerably greater— 410.
or 8^ per year.

In 'he next five-year period the figures of reduction were also cor aider-
able— 409, or 81 per year.

In the fifth period the number decreased by SOI, or a decrease
of 40 per year.

For twenty-five years, between 1874 and 1899, the decrease in the number
of lioenMs has been a decrease of 130 per year, the atgregate decrease-

belac S,)e35.

While the actual reduction has been large it becomes relatively much
greater wheo the great increase in population during the period named i»
uken into consideration. If licenses had been Issued In 1800 at
the same ratio that obtained In 1874— namely, one for every
980 of the population— the licenses would have reached the
very large number of 8,0«8, whereas the actual number wa&
only «.0S0.

Improftiemsnts in the License Act.

Electors who can look back to the wholesome effect of the
assumption by the Province of the 8uper\'i8ion of the liquor

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I !■: ^_

PROVINCIAL SECBETART S OEPARTMKNT.

traffic will remember the general feeling of relief which fol-
lowed; and, nowithstanding the steady opposition of the Con-
servative party, the educated public opinion which rallied behind
the Liberal Government has sustained it to the present hour —
the Qovemment having 'consistently improved the legislation as
necessity arose. The ic o 'ing are some of the amendments
enacted from year to year : —

Act of 1877.

The amendments of 1877 provided for the placing of :
Restriotions upon skles by druggiata.
Reatriotions upon aales in vessels.
Incr ea s e d penalties for second and third offences.
And searching in unlicensed houses were provided for.

Act of 1878-81.

In the amendments of 1878 : —

Provision was n?ade for the enforcement of the Dunkin Act, and for

paying the costs thereof.
In the amendments of 1881 : —
Provision waa made for the iaaue of beer and wine licenaee.
Further increase waa made of penalties for aeoond and third offences.
The actual seller of liquor was made liable.

Increased faoilitiea for aearchea and oonfiacation of liquor were' provided.
Proviaiona for enforcing the Scott Act were made, and Police Gommia-

aionera and Ghiefa o^ Police were eapeciidly chaiqged with the duty of

enforcing the Lioenae law.

Act of 1884.

The amendmenta of 1884 provided : —

That the number of taloon lioenaea be limited in cities and be refuaed

altogether in towna having loaa than 6.000 of a population.
Proviaion waa also made for publication of namea of new applioanta for

licenaea and deacription and location of premiae* propoaed to be

lioenaed.
Privileges were granted to electors to oppose by petition the granting of

licenses — the majority of electors may prevent ^e issne of new licenses.
No new shop licenses to be granted to premises in which other goods are

sold ; and in 1888 no shop license whatever is to be granted to premises

in which other goods were sold.
No appeals'allowed except to the County Judge in Chambers.
Appeals psrmitted to the Court of Appeal from the decision of the County

Ju'lge.
Strit gent provisions were made regarding sales to habitual drunkards.
One ^r only to be allowed in future.
No licenses hereafter to ferry boats.
Penalties were imposed for refusing lodging and for taking arUoles in

pledge for liquor, also for permitting drunkenness on the premises.
Tnia sale of liquor to minors under aiztsen yeara of age waa prohibited.

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PBOVIKCIAL SECRETABT's DEPARTMENT.

Purohasera of liquor during prohibited hours or on unlioenaed premiMi

were made liable to penalty.
Further increase of fees for Uoenses was made.
In 1^6 purohasera not being memben of the family were made further

liable.

Act of 1886.

In the amendments of the year 1886 : —
Increased duties for licenses were provided for, and increased penalties

and punishments imposed for selling without license.
A Provincial Inspector was appointed tn audit License Inspecton'

Accounts, to investigate complaints and to attend to other specified

duties.
More stringent regulations were made for Saturday night and Sunday

selling.
Frequentera of bar-rooms on Saturday nights and Sundays were made

liable to arrest.
P'^nalties for tales to unlicensed dealen were imposed.
Provision was made for permitting one justice to hear cases in rural

municipalities.

Act of 1888.

The amendments of 1888 consisted of : —

Further provision for enforcing the Scott Act and providing for expenses.
The amendments of 1389 were important :
New applicants for premises not under licenses were required to produce

certificates signed by majority of electors.
No license permitted to be granted to vessels.
Increased penalties and punishments for selling without licenses.'
PnJhibited age of minora raised to 18.

Ownera of hous^ in which liquor is sold illegally, made liable.
No appeals allowed in cases of conviction of unlicensed persons.
Further stringent provisions were nuuie regardipg the frequentera of

unlicensed premises.
And the important provision was made for the introduction and passing

of Local Option By-Laws.

Act of 1891-9X.

In the amendments of 1891 : —
Provision was made for hearing special cases in Court of Appeal re Local

Option By-Lawi, and for the re-hearing of oases where by-laws were

quashed.
In the amendments of 1892 : —
Provisions were made for the enforcement of the License Act applied to

Local Option.
Increased provisions were made regarding the sale of liquor to habitubi

drunkards.
Appeals were allowed to County Judge from orden of dismissal of Police

Magistrate.
Forther restrictions were imposed regarding druggists.
Brewera were restrioted to sale to holdera of licenses only.
Memben of Municipal Councils and Constables were rendered ineligible

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14 PROVINCIAL SECRETARV'S DEPARTMENT.

as bondunen for license holders. It waa provided that Local Option
By-lAWB shall not be repealed for three years.

Act of 1897.
In 1897 the legislation : —

Increased the population limit to three licenses for the first thousand of
the population, and one license for each full 600 additional persons
except in County towns.

Further restrictions were p<aced on the sale of liquor by druggists.

The hours for sale of liquor were fixed at from 6 a.m. to 10 p.m. in town-
ships, and from 6 a.m. to 11 p.m. in citiei, leaving power in the hands of
License Commiisionera to still further limit the hours.

An amendment was passed prohibiting the sale of liqnor to any person
under 21 years of age — the previous limit having been 18 — and prohibit-
ing license holders from permitting minora to loiter (round their
premises.

This amendment, all will admit, is of immense importance.

Saloon licenses were abilished.

License Commissioners were prohibited from granting licenses, within 3U0
{aet of churches and schools, to premises not heretofore licensed.

And provision was made for the cancellation of licenses on the certificate
of the magistrate showing that a license holder had knowingly broken
the law by three violations of the provision forbidding sales during
prohibited hours.

The Crooks Act Endorsed.

The friends of the temperance cause hailed with delight the
withdrawal of the power from municipal corporations to issue
liquor licenses, and the assumption of that authority by the Gov-
ernment. Th'3 following resolution adopted by the Methodist
General Conference in 1882, voiced then, as it does now, the sen-
timent of the general public upon this question : —

"Although we cannot accept as righteous absolutely any license law,
yet, if we must tolerate some one as the tentative regulator of an evil till we
can have it removed, we must regard the Crooks Act as the best instru-
ment for this suppression the Province of Ontario ever had. We would
emphatically deprecate any legislation that would impair ita efficacy, and
we would respectfully recommend our people, where this law obtains, to use
their voice and franchise to prevent the control of this license system re-
verting to the municipalities, where the industrious ward politician and the
interested liquor dealer so largely manipulate the election." — Resolution of
the Methodist Oeneral Conference, Sept., 1882.

Policy of the Opposition.

The policy of the Opposition has been particularly variable on
the temperance question. A glance at the following resolutions
offered by them at different periods will reveal their vacillation
on this subject and muat confirm the opinion that the steady,

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PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMENT.

liberal and progressive policy of the Government ia the only one
whichcan safely be followed in this important matter in the in-
terests of the people.

Policy in 1876.

During the discussion of the licensing law of 1876, on the 7th
February, contesting the proposal of the Government to reduce
the number of licenses issued at once, Mr. Meredith moved, sec-
onded by Mr. Scott : —

That the Bill be not now read a third time, but that it be forthwith re-
ferred to a Committee of the whole House, with inBtruotiocs to amend the
same, so far as to provide that the provisions therein contained, for limit-
ing the number of tavern licenses to be granted, shall not come into force
until the first day of March, A.D. 1877.

The date so named was a year later than that on which the
Government proposed to bring the limiting provision into force ;
and Mr. Meredith's motion was lost on a division. Mr. Lauder
then moved in amendment, seconded by the Hon. Mr. Mc-
Dougall • —

Thah the Bill be not now read a third time, but that it be referred to a
Comm-ttee of the whole House, with instructions to amend the same so as
to pT ovide that in cities and towns separated from counties for municipal
purposes, the Mayor, and, in other places the Warden of the County, shall
be one of the three License Commissioners referred to in section one of the
Bill.

This would have had the effect of perpetuating the licensing
business as a vicious influence in municipal affairs to a partial
extent at least. The resolution was lost. — Yeas, 31 ; Nays, 49.

Policy in 1877.

In the discussion of the Bill amending the Licensing Act, on
February 16th, 1877, Mr. Harkin moved, seconded by Mr. Pres-
ton, in amendment : —

That the Bill be not now read a third time, but be recommitted to a Com-
mittee of the whole House, with instructions so to amend the Bill as to
enable the Council of every muuicipalitij to appoint its own Inspector or
InHpectors ; to determine his or their remuneration ; to decide to whom
licenses shall be granted in their respective municipalities, having regard to
the limitations imposed by the Act 39 Vict., chap. 26 ; and to dispense with
the services of the Commissioners and Inspectors now appointed under said
Act by His Honor in Connci).

This amendment being defeated, Mr. Creighton then moved,
seconded by Mr. Barr : —

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PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMENT.

■ ^*/P ^^* ^?'*'" ■'**' ' * Municipality " be itniek out, and the f oUowine
inurted in ben thereof :— " To decide to whom UcenMa ahall be nuited m
Se AoTsTv^' ™«°»«P^»«f". having regard to the limitotiona impoaed by

The resolution or amendment then proposed read as follows :

That the Bill be not now read a third time, but be recommitted to a
Oomnuttee of the whole House, with inatruotiona so to amend the BUI as to
eMUethe Conncil of every mnnteipaUty to decide to whom
UCOiues gliall be granted in their respective municipalities, havinir
regard to the limitations imposed by Act 39 Vict., Chap, 26. It was de-
clared lost on a vote of yeas 9, nays 60.

Policy in 1882.

That they are and have been in favor of the vicious expedient
of returning to the municipalities this source of danger and
trouble, however, was again made manifest from the position
taken at the Conservative Convention in Toronto, on September
14th, 1882. when it was unanimously resolved to be

" The opinion of this Convention that without interfering with the laws
regulating the liquor traffic, and limiting the number of licenses that may
be issued, the power of issuing licenses and the fees derived therefrom,
should be restored to tbe mnniclpalities."

In speaking to this resolution Mr. Meredith said that

"i?!"** P'eP«e<i to »*y that the present Onposition, if it took office,
would be prepared to wipe away the partisan commissioners. (Cheers.) He
was prepared to restore to the people of the Province the rights they for-
merly exercised. (Cheers.) He was prepared to give back to the municipal
bodies the rights they formerly eqjoyed." (Cheers. )-rF',^o,„,..
port xn Mail] ' '■

Policy in 1S88.
This policy was further pursued in a resolution in amendment
to a motion to go into Committee of Supply, 24th January,
1883, when it was moved bv Mr. Meredith, seconded by Hon
Mr. Morris : —

That all the words in the motion after " That " be struck out, and tlie
foUomng substituted therefor:—" This House, while recognizing the neces-
sity of mamtamin^ the other provisions of the existing liquor license law,
and strictly ei forcing them, is of opinion that it is not in the public interest
or calculated to promote the canse of temperance to continue the mode of
appointing Boards of License Commissioners, and License Inspectors now
in force, and is further of opinion that these Boards should, in order to
remove them as far as possible from the influences of political partizanahip
be appointed m counties by the county councils, and in cities and towns
separate from counties by the councils thereof, and that the power of ap-

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PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMEKT.

SSS??„^S i»'°°5" ^?5f? iMpeotoM in each Uouim dutriot should be
7w ^ . 5**Y**' •"«* *?» Ho"«» »«»*• tJ»t legiilatioa providing for
thu ohMwi in the kw, and for handing oyer to the monioipaUtiea the whole
of the hoenje feM, except a ram raffioient to pay the ezpenses of the License
Branch of the Department of the Provincial Secretary, haa not been pro-
poMd for itaoonuderation by the adviura of Hit Honor the Lieutenint-
GoTernor."— Loat— Yeaa 26, nayi 49. xi"u«u«ii,

Policy in 1890.

The policy of the Opposition was again reconstructed by the
submission of the folio winpr resolution during the session of 1890
as an amendment to the Hon. Mr. Gibson's measure :—

" That the BUI be not now read a third time, but be referral back to a
Committee of the whole House, and so amended as to provide that the
Moinse Commissioners hereafter he appointed in counties 6./ Cownty Councils
and in ciUes and towns elected by the municipal electors of such cities and
towns.

Policy in 1896.
In 1896 after allowing the question to lie dormant for several
y^ra, Mr. Marter, then Leader of the Opposition, seconded by
Mr. Whitney, the present leader, moved a resolution which con-
eluded as follows : —

"That this House is of opinion that it is essential to the honest, non-
partizan and faithful execution of the liquor license laws, that the present
mode of appointing Boards of Commissioners should be abrogated, and that
m future «ie Boards of Commissioners in counties should consist of the
County Judge, the Warden of the County, and one eppointed by the Gov-
ernment and m cities and towns not connected with the county municipally
the County Judge, Mayor, and one appointed by the Government."

It will be noticed that the policy of the Opposition on this
subject has varied on each occasion when they brou<^ht the mat-
ter forward. In 1890 they proposed that the appointments
should be made by County Councils in the counties, and that in
cities and fowns Commissioners should be elected by the diiect
vote of the electors. In 1883 they asked that Municipal Councils
alone should elect Commissioners. In every instance they have
demanded that not only the appointment of Commissioners but
a so that of Inspectors, and the issuing of licenses, should be
placed again under municipal control, a system previously dis-
carded as wholly pernicious.

Respecting the proposal submitted in 189C, it may be said that
heretofore the appointment of County Judges as Commissioners
has been found impracticable and inexpedient. Under the provi-
sions of the License Act they are constantly called upon to hear ap-
peals and determine cases. It is also their duty under the law to

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PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMENT.

hear complaints when the legality of the issue of licenses is called
in question, and ff the evidence warrants, revoke the action of the
Commissioners in granting the license, and punish them or the
Inspector for any illegality committed. Under the law Com-
missioners who are magistrates are prohibited from adjudicating
upon cases.

Policy in 1897.

The entire absence of anything like an Opposition policy on
the license question under the leadership of Mr. Whitney is
indicated by the following extracts from a speech by that gentle-
man, delivered in the Legislature during the debate on the second
reading of the Liquor License Bill, on March 30th, 1897. Mr.
Marter, who had spoken previously, had been questioned as to
the views of his party on the subject, and the Opposition leader,
in the course of his speech, dealt with the matter at some length \

" He wondered at the question that came from the Government benches,
which asked why did not the member for North Toronto declare what he
would do. In a huiuorons manner he characterized the muddle that the
Government had got into as a peculiar bog, in which the Government were
rapidly becoming embedded. He declared that they were calling upon the
Opposition to come over and help them out. ... It was not the pur-
pose of the Opposition to compound a policy for the Government. In the
past they had always aided them and helped them out of many serious posi-
tions, but that was at an end, and the Government need not in the future
lock to the Opposition to rectify mistakes for them. . . . The entire
question has developed into a triangular affair, the solution of which is
apparently a very difficult matter. Because it was difficult it was no reason
why the Opposition should step in and untangle the matter, and, further-
more, they did not intend to do so. The Government said the Opposition
ought to suggest something. They were in a minoritv, but if honorable
gentlemen wished them to change places with them in advance of time they
would cheerfully respond. They (the Opposition) had nothing to do with
the matter."— (Afaii and Empire report).

This pitiable confession of weakness and incapacity has been
substantially repeated many times by Mr. Whitney in the course
of his later platform deliverances. After having boxed the com-
pass and tried every imaginable proposal for a change from the
extreme of centralizing the license adminstration in Ottawa to
the opposite expedient of the restoration of municipal control,
and seeing them in turn rejected by the country, the Opposition
take refuge in a non-committal attitude, and proclaim that they
have no policy—" nothing to do with the matter." It is of a
piece with their course throughout. They object and carp at
petty details, and criticise this and that feature of administration,
but have no definite, clearly-cut programme of therir own to sub-

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PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPAUTMIiNT. 19

stitute, nothing biit casual, makeshift declarations thrown out

f ro^ IT T' "" ^Y ^P^ °^ *^**=^'°g *»^« '^""•eot «f approval
from any quarter, and abandoned so soon as they fail of their

Local Prohibition Provisions.
Another evidence of the Government's, desire to minimize the
evils of mtemperance, so far as the legislation in its power can
be effective to that end is found in the local prohibiCenact
ments represented by Local Option Legislation. In 1899 Dro
vision was made for the introduction ani passing, by municipali."
ties, of Local Option By-Laws. Since 1890, by-laws fo7 ?he
adoption of Local Prohibition have been submitted to popular
vote on /9 occasions m 68 municipalities. These by-laws pro-
hibiting the sale of intoxicating liquours were pised in 51
niunicipalities and defeated in fs instances Tn^lTcLst'h
!21 51' ^^^i 7T 'i^^f'^i 0° appeal to the Courts, chiefly on.
the decision of Judge Gait that the Act was ultra vires a iJd<J-
r^nVn yf^^.'-e^e^ed Y- the Judicial Committee of the PriA-
Council. At the pres ,,me Local Opaon By-Laws are iii
force in 21 municipality , by which 39 tavern licTn. and S
shops have been cut off During the past year (1901) fiv.
were submitted, four of which sustained Local Option 1 .

XTiTepealed'^ ^'^ ^^"^ °" *^^^°-' ^--<^«. -^ -

Canada Temperance Act.
+>,f "if ^ complaints were made of the want of machinery for
the enforcement of The Canada Temperance Act. commonlv
adooTeT *Tb \^^">*^^'" '" ^^e counL in which 'it hTd bet
Zil^A K !l "A*^'", ""^r I^o'^'Qion law, and should have bran
.•nvo v!^ by theFederal authorities, yet for the sake of the inte, . fts
involved, the Government of this Province passed an Act foi the
appointment of special Police Magistrates iS all such countTes

The Government were asked if they would appoint Police
Magistrates for the purposes of the Scott Act, in c2is in Xh
the County Councils requested it. To this they agreed Ody

Xd fn^ {l,^°""'' ' ^r^ advantage of this arraSgement/and
asked for the appointment of Magistrates. The Government
complying with the request of the friends of the Scotlicrob
tamed from the Legislature authority for the purpose of securb.^
a better observance of the law. ^ «i s^cuud^

Legislation was also passed, providing for the payment of a

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PROVINCIAL secretary's DEPARTMENT.

share of fAie expenses of licence districts in such counties by the
County Council, and applying to the cases of such counties, as to
such license districts, the provisions of the Liquor License Act
and its amendments.

This was followed, in 1888, by a measure amending the Liquor
License Act, by providing for the appointment of License Com-
missioners in counties where the Scott Act was in force, and for
the payment of expenses for enforcing the Liquor License Act in
such district' or parts of districts ; also for the disposal of the
license fund which might accrue in any such district.

It should be noted, that in no Province of the Dotninion waa
the responsibility of enforcing the Scctt Act assumed by a Pro-
vincial Government, eaxept in this Province, and that responsi-
bility was assumed by the Liberal Administration, notwith-
standing the refusal of the Dominion Parliament to provide the
necessary legislation to secure its observance.

Commissioners and Inspectors, appointed under the License
Act, who were not in sympathy with the Scott Act, were replaced
by those who were, in order to ensure that the provisions of the
prohibition law would be enforced, and these officers were spe-
cially charged with the enforcement of the Act. A prominent
and trusted temperance advocate, the late Rev. M*-. Manning,
who had some local experience in connection with tae enforce-
ment of the License Act, was also appointed by the Government,
and placed in the Head Office, specially charged with the duty of
supervising the work of the Inspectors, and seeing that the prov,is-
ions of the Scott Act were enforced. The death of Mr. Manning
having rendered vacant the position he had occupied with such
satisfaction to the temperance community, the Government ap-
pointed to the vacancy Mr. J. K Stewart, of Ottawa, whose repu-
tation as a leading temperance advocate was provincial in its
character.

Temperance in Public and Separate Schools.

In addition to the restriction and reduction of licenses it may
be mentioned (though not directly connected with the License
Department), tht under the school regulations temperance and
hygiene fonn part of the course of study in all the public and
separate schools of the Province, the number of pupils receiving
instruction in these subjects having risen from 33,924 in 1882 to
219,776 last year.

Another gratifying result of tha progressive tendency of
license legislation, is the improved character of the hotels of the
Province, in comfort, equipment, sanitary and other conveniences

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