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 THE MISSIONS OF THE CHURCH : 
 
 A SERMON, 
 
 , > 
 
 PREACHED AT THE OPENINO OF THE PBOVINCIAL SYNOD^ 
 
 IN CHRIST CHURCH CATHia>RAL, MONTBEAJ^, 
 
 ON WEDNE8DAT, DEC. 11, 1872. 
 
 Bt The REV. ISAAC BROCK, M. A., 
 
 ^ queen's college, OXrOBD, 
 
 RICTOR OF TRINITY CHURCH, 6ALT, ONTARIO. 
 
 O OX2PrXS. 
 
 TORONTO : WILLING k WILLIAMSON. 
 IfOinitEAL : DAWSON BROS. LOl^DON : TAYLOR k CO. 
 
■ 
 
 • 
 
 The following Sermon is published in deference to the 
 wishes of many who heard it. On application to the 
 Rev. Isaac Brock, Gait, Ontario, it may be had for paro- 
 chial distribution at the rate of 40 copies for $1.00. 
 
' 
 
 • 
 
 THE MISSIONS OFTHE CHURCH : 
 
 A. SERlVrON. 
 
 I. John, iv. 4. — " Greater is He that is in yoUy than 
 he that is in the worldJ'** 
 
 It is no ordinary occasion that gathers us in this 
 Cathedral Church to-day. We meet in obedience to the 
 summons of our Right Reverend Father in God, our 
 Metropolitan Bishop, to hold a session of that Provincial 
 Synod, which legislates under our Divine Lord for His 
 Church in tho Provinces of Quebec and Ontario. 
 
 And it is no ordinary session of our Provincial Synod 
 that the service of to-day inaugurates. We meet to enact 
 A canon for the election of a Missionary Bishop ; and 
 whether that canon will leave the appointment in the 
 hands of the House of Bishops alone ; or in the hands of 
 the House of Bishops conjointly with the Lower House ; 
 or whether some other arrangement may be made by the 
 canon for the appointment of a Missionary Bishop — in 
 any case I presume that this special session of our Pro- 
 vincial Synod will not close till a Missionary Bishop is at 
 least designated. 
 
 - *Thi3 text was taken from the Seeond Leason (or the Moming Berrice. 
 
It will be a disappointment to many earnest Church-' 
 men in Canada, aye and in England too, if this session of 
 OUT Provincial Synod is unable from any cause to take 
 decisive action in tbis matter. I will not, however, con- 
 template the possibility of a result so disastrous. Bather 
 would I venture to express the fond hope that this Synod 
 may be able to devise such measures for the provision of 
 an adequate stipend both for the Missionary Bishop, and 
 for his associated band of Missionary Clergy, that there 
 may be found no necessity for further delay. 
 
 The practical suggestion of my own Diocesan has, I 
 believe, received the concurrence of our other Bight Bev- 
 erend Prelates. It will doubtless be a satisfaction ta 
 many if that suggestion, or some modification of it,, 
 paves the way in the judgment of this Synod for what 
 we all desire — decisive and immediate action. 
 
 We are rising, I trust, to a sense of our responsibili- 
 ties as a true branch of Christ's Holy Catholic Church. 
 "We are beginning to realize in Canada the world-wide 
 nature of that commission which our Divine Head haa 
 given us : for we declare by the very purpose of our gath- 
 ering here in Synod, that we are a Muai&nary Church : 
 that, God helping us, we will go up and take possession 
 of the whole territory of the Dominion for Christ, and 
 His Ancient Fold. 
 
 We will not on the one hand, let the Latin Com- 
 munion, with its novel Trentine Creed, and its still more 
 novel Vatican dogmas, (against which the Old Catholics 
 are so nobly protesting,) get the start of that Church 
 which, thanks be to God for our Blessed Beformation, 
 maintains undefiled ''The faith once delivered to the 
 saints,'' — ^the faith taught by the Holy Apostles — sealed 
 
 ■ 
 
" 
 
 by the blood of Martyrs — ^and upheld by our own be- 
 ioved Church long before the Boman Augustine set foot 
 on the shores of Britain. 
 
 Nor will we, on the other hand, allow ourselves to be 
 outdone in zeal by those modem Christian Communions, 
 which, though some of them are partially faithful to 
 Apostolic doctrine, have lost the precious heritage of 
 Apostolic order, abandoned the ritual of the early Church, 
 and rent the unity of Christ's Body by countless divisions. 
 
 Yerily the Church that claims to be Apostolic alike 
 in her doctrine and in her order, the Church which can 
 prove both on the ground of dogma, and on the ground of 
 history her identity with the Church which our Lord and 
 His Apostles established on earth, ought to be the first in 
 missionary zeal — ought to be prominent in all lands in 
 missionary enterprise. 
 
 Verily to such a Church comes with special emphasis 
 the risen Master's charge, ** Go ye, make disciples of all 
 nations, baptizing them in the Name of the Father, and of 
 the Son, and of the Holy Ghost ; teaching them to ob- 
 serve all things whatsoever I have commanded you." 
 And surely such a Church, faithful to her Lord — faithful 
 to His teaching — faithful to His own three-fold Ministry — 
 faithful to the two Sacraments of His love as channels of 
 His grace — and faithful to His own inspired Word — may 
 claim the full comfort of the Master's promise, which fol- 
 lows the Master's charge : " Lo, I am with you alway, 
 even unto the end of the world." 
 
 Our own beloved Mother Church in England has not 
 been wanting, during this century at least, in missionary 
 zeal and enterprise ; and I need hardly remind you how 
 greatly God has blessed her in consequence; how the 
 revival of spiritual religion in England, and the extension 
 
6 
 
 of the influence of the Church have gone hand in hand 
 with the progress of her missions. 
 
 May we not, then, take it as a token of good, as a proof 
 that God has great things in store for us, and is ahout 
 abundantly to bless us as a Church in this fair Dominion, 
 that He has put into our hearts to enter upon a distinctly 
 missionary enterprise of our own ; and that this enterprise 
 is, as we fondly hope, about to be so matured by our 
 action as a Synod that it will be possible to take immed- 
 iate steps for the designation of a Missionary Bishop 1 
 
 Need we, my brethren, encouragement to the earnest 
 prosecution of the missionary work of our Church ? 
 
 I. Then I would ask you first to look back for a 
 few minutes at the History of the Church of the Living 
 God from the beginning. What has been that history 
 hitherto, but a history, in spite of drawbacks and losses, 
 of victory and progress in missionary work 1 — a history, 
 in th*e words of Canon Liddon, " of the gradual self-ex- 
 pansion of an Institution which, from the first hour of its 
 existence, deliberately aimed, as it is aiming now, at the 
 conquest of the world for Christ." 
 
 Think of those first missionaries of the cross, the* 
 Apostles of the Lamb, — weak, helpless, poor — despised 
 Galileans, humble fishermen most of them, lacking, with 
 one illustrious exception, the education of the schools, 
 destitute wholly of the advantages of rank, and wealth, 
 and station. Think of the colossal forces which were 
 arrayed against them, first in a degenerate Judaism, with 
 its worldly expectations hostile to Messiah's empire over 
 souls — its formal Pharisaism hostile to the spiritual 
 religion of the Master — and its cold and sceptical Saddu- 
 ceeism, which would encounter with its unbounded scorn: 
 
 t 
 
)• 
 
 and all too powerful rage the heralds of " Jesus and the 
 Resurrection." 
 
 But mightier forces were ere long arrayed against the 
 missionary Church of Jesus. True to her Catholic mis- 
 sion, she soon spread beyond the narrow bounds of Pales- 
 tine. She advanced to the eastern Capital .of the Romaa 
 Empire, the Syrian- Antioch, thence to Ephesus, the great 
 meeting place of European and Asiatic culture, thence to 
 Athens and Corinth, centres of thought and commerce ;, 
 till at last in her onward western march she reached im- 
 perial Home, and planted the banner of the cross even in 
 Caesar's household. Then would all the might of the 
 .Pagan Roman Empire in the zenith of its power be roused 
 to crush the missionary Church of Jesus. 
 
 It could not be otherwise. For what were the claims 
 of the Holy Catholic Church? It craved not like the 
 idolatries of the nations the admission of another god to 
 Rome's Pantheon. Its claim was exclusive. " It accept- 
 ed " as Paley remarks " no compromise. It must prevail, 
 if it prevailed at all, by the overthrow of every statue, 
 and altar, and temple in the heathen world." 
 
 And think what Paganism was, (thus necessarily 
 roused to violent opposition,) when the Apostles and their 
 successors, the missionary Bishops of the early Church, 
 went forth to win the world for Jesus. 'Twas throned in 
 power — 'twas upheld by law, — 'twas rendered venerable by 
 antiquity, and attractive by a sumptuous worship. The 
 beauties of painting and statuary and architecture ; the 
 charms of music and song ; the harps of poesy ; the fas- 
 cinations of festivals and shows, all ministered to the 
 magnificence of the Paganism of the Caesars, — and last, 
 but not least, 'twas mighty in its hold on the corrupt 
 
8 
 
 heart, because il ministered to its lust, and sanctioned its 
 unutterable wickedness. 
 
 Tou know the story of the inevitable contest that 
 followed between Christianity and Paganism. From the 
 first burst of hatred in the Neronian persecution to the 
 last terrific onslaught of Diocletian, the missionary Church 
 of Jesus had to undergo one long, legalized, almost 
 unbroken persecution ; and yet, during those 250 years of 
 torture, and blood, and martyrdom, the missions of the 
 Church were rapidly advancing, so that long before the 
 hour of outward victory arrived at the beginning of the 
 fourth century, Tertullian could say to the pagans, " We are 
 but of yesterday, and we have filled all that belongs to 
 you — the cities, the fortresses, the free towns, the very 
 camps, the palace, the senate, the forum ; we leave to you 
 the temples only." 
 
 Doubtless the missionary zeal of the Church was 
 most fervent, and consequently missionary success most 
 signal in the first three centuries ; but nearly every suc- 
 ceeding century has its wondrous story to tell of mission- 
 ary progress and victory. Think of the missionary labors 
 in the fifth century of the Apostle of Ireland, St. Patrick ; 
 and of the British missionary Bishop St. Ninian, in the 
 Scottish Lowlands. Think of the devoted band of mis- 
 sionaries that went forth in the sixth and following cen- 
 turies from " lona's lonely isle." Think of the mission- 
 ary labors of those noble missionary Bishops, St. Aidan 
 and St. Colman, and their associated missionary presby- 
 ters, to whose labors our Anglo-Saxon forefathers were so 
 largely indebted. 
 
 To come to the era of modern missions, our Mother 
 Church has girdled the world with her missions — and not in 
 
 
 
f. 
 
 Tain. Yes, notwithstanding the aneer of the modem 
 Sadducee, we can fearlessly say, not in yain. 
 
 We can point to results (though our duty is indepen- 
 dent of them) — to self-supporting native Churches in 
 Western Africa, and Southern India, supplied by native 
 clergy, presided over by missionary Bishops. We can tell 
 of 5,500 baptisms during 1871, and 21,000 communicants 
 in connexion with one only of the Missionary Societies of 
 our Church. We can appeal to the impartial testimony 
 of the representatives of our Queen in India, and officers 
 of the British Army, and even to the testimony of the 
 editors of heathen newspapers, that in vast Hindostan 
 Christianity is beginning to tell. 
 
 And need I speak of one of whom Eton, Oxford, 
 England, may well be proud ; one consecrated to the mis- 
 sionary Episcopate in New Zealand in 186 11 Alas ! all 
 teo brief was that Episcopate. Ten years and a half passed 
 and that sainted Bishop was called to receive the martyr's 
 crown ; yet what a story of missionary progress do those 
 ten years yield. Think of grammars or skeleton gram- 
 mars made by that rarely gifted scholar of thirteen out of 
 the twenty-four dialects of the Malay Archipelago. Think 
 of 160 Melanesian youths and maidens rescued from the 
 deepest abysses of pagan darkness and cruelty, and receiv- 
 ing under Bishop Patterson's supervision Christian educa- 
 tion and training in Norfolk Island. Think of one of 
 them, George Sarawia, ordained to the ministry of our 
 Church, labouring now amongst his own people, earnest 
 of a goodly band yet to follow, who will spread the 
 light of Christ's doctrine in those dark islands of the 
 southern seas. Surely in the thrilling story of the Apostle 
 of Melanesia, our own sainted Bishop and Martyr, in his 
 
10 
 
 heroic labours and sacrifices, worthy of the purest enthusi- 
 asm of the primitive Church, we have enough to stir up 
 our flagging zeal, enough to rouse us to a sense of our duty 
 as a Church to the aboriginal races of this Continent, and 
 to our own countrymen who are settling in the newly 
 opened portions of the Dommion. 
 
 Do we, however, need still further encouragement to 
 the earnest prosecution of missionary work, than is sup- 
 plied by this glance at missionary progress and victory in 
 ancient and modern days ? Then we have it, in what has 
 ever been — in the nineteenth century as in the first — the 
 secret of that progress and victory. What has that secret 
 been ? 
 
 How is it that in spite of the most violent opposition 
 — the most cruel forms of persecution — the strongest 
 national prejudices ; yea, in the face of difficulties posi- 
 tively appalling that the Church of the Living God has 
 won her onward way amid the nations ? The answer is in 
 the words of my text — " Greater is He that is in you, than 
 he that is in the world." A Divine Christ has ever been 
 with His Church. This ht^s been the secret of her progress 
 and victory. 
 
 II. If, then, we need further encouragement to the 
 earnest prosecution of the missionary work of our Church, 
 we have it in the constant presence of Jesus with His 
 Church. *' Lo ! I am with you alway, even unto the end 
 of the world." 
 
 He that is in the world is great. Let us not under- 
 estimate his greatness. He is " the god of this world," — 
 grf aci in power, in resources, in subtlety, in his knowledge 
 of human nature, in his cunning adaptation of false sys- 
 tems to some of the cravings of man, and in his perversion 
 of God's truth. 
 
 T 
 
11 
 
 T 
 
 But, great though he undoubtedly is. He that is in us 
 is greater. Yes, whether it be the Spirit of God, or the 
 Christ of God that is here referred to, blessed be God, He 
 is greater than our greatest foe. 
 
 Take the reference of the Apostle as applying ta 
 Christ. Verily, He is greater than the god of this world. 
 For the Christ of the Catholic Church, the centre of 
 Christian thought, and love, and adoration is Divine — not 
 a mere phantom divinity such as Pantheism might set up 
 — nor merely divine on account of the moral glory and 
 perfection of His human life, as Socinianism teaches — nor 
 divine only according to the inferior sense of the old 
 Arians and modern Unitarians. The Arian Christ, says- 
 Canon Liddon, " is parted from the Divine essence by a 
 fathomless chasm ; whereas the Christ of Catholic Christ- 
 endom is internal to that essence. He is of one substance 
 with the Father." This Christ of the Scriptures and the 
 Church, whom we adore as our Lord and our God, is with 
 us according to His own promise. 
 
 He is with us all the days. His presence (oh, that 
 we may all realize it more) pervades all our work for Him. 
 He is with all the offices of the Ministry of His own ap- 
 pointment — with our Bishops, Presbyters, and Deacons. 
 He is with us in the ministration of the Word and Sacra- 
 ments, with us in the pastoral visitation of the sick and whole- 
 in our several cures, in the instruction of the young, the 
 guidance of enquirers, and the counselling of the per- 
 plexed. He is with us in retirement where we prepare in^ 
 prayer, meditation, and study for our public work. He is 
 with us in every diversity of sphere, settled, transitional^ 
 or missionary. He is with us in our great cities, our town 
 parishes and country missions — with us in diocesan, paro- 
 chial and educational work for our Lord. 
 
12 
 
 «Wk. 
 
 And He is with us, according to His promise, even unto 
 the end of the world. The presence of our omnipotent 
 Christ pervades all ages of His Church's history. He is as 
 truly present with every faithful branch of His Church 
 now as in apostolic days. This pervading, perpetual pre- 
 sence of our Saviour God is the pledge of ultimate victory 
 to His Church. Great may be the difficulties in our path; 
 great the antagonistic force arrayed against us ; but let 
 them be a hundred-fold greater, let us not despair, for 
 " Greater is He that is in ua than he that is in the world.*' 
 
 Not only infinitely greater in nature — as God is 
 greater than the most exalted creature — but also in conse- 
 quence, greater in power, in resources, in wisdom. Oh ! 
 let us individually put this to the test, for the safety of 
 the Church is the safety of every individual member. It 
 is not head knowledge that will keep us safe ; nor Catholic 
 creeds, nor unrivalled formularies, nor Christian training, 
 nor orthodox teaching, though all these we prize; but 
 Christ in us, the Hope op Glory. We have all 
 our individual conflict to fight, to which we are pledged 
 by the vows of Holy Baptism. Would we have that con- 
 flict issue not in defeat, but in victory ? Then we must 
 cling with loving hearts to One greater than ourselves, 
 greater than our enemies — Christ the Captain of our sal- 
 vation. 
 
 III. — Permit me, my brethren, before closing, to ap- 
 ply this subject to the chief object of our present Synod. 
 If the encoura;;ements to the earnest prosecution of the 
 missionary work of our Church are great, there is undoubt- 
 edly urgent need to carry out that missionary work in the 
 territory of Algoma. For other portions of the great 
 North West Missionary Bishops are being designated. 
 
 I 
 
13 
 
 One has recently gone home to England to he consecrated ; 
 Burelj the spiritual needs of Algoma are more pressing 
 than those of the territory on Hudson's Bay, the -vast 
 Saskatchewan Valley, or other portions of that ** Great 
 Lone Land.'' 
 
 In Algoma there are a considerable number of Indians 
 still in Paganism ; and into Algoma is flowing a steady 
 stream of immigrants from Great Britain and the Provinces 
 of Quebec and Ontario. Settlements are being rapidly 
 made along that 800 miles of coast line from Parry Sound 
 to Prince Arthur's Landing, which, with the exception of 
 the Manitoulin Islands, forms the southern boundary of 
 the proposed new Diocese of Algoma. A large portion 
 of this territory, that lying between Killamey and Sault 
 St. Marie, has, I believe, already been surveyed and 
 marked into townships. Our Anglo-Saxon race, the col- 
 onizing race of the world, is already pushing its way into 
 the interior of this mighty territory. And, as has been 
 remarked by the writer of a recent letter to our Bishops, 
 " When the new Pacific Eailway is commenced, the num- 
 ber of the inhabitants of Algoma will increase still more. 
 It is increasing now, rapidly ; and in a short time we 
 shall find thriving villages, flourishing farms, and success- 
 ful manufactures, where heretofore there has been a dismal 
 swamp, or an uncleared forest, or an Indian wigwam, or a 
 few scattered tribes." 
 
 How important then the question put by the writer of 
 that letter to our Fathers in God : " What will be the 
 character of that people 1" What shall be Algoma's future 
 from a religious stand-point ? This under God, rests main- 
 ly with us. If, like.our Episcopal brethren in the United 
 States, who in this set us a noble example, we will antici> 
 
14 
 
 pate the development of this territory, and have our Miss- 
 ionary Bishop, and Clergy ready to welcome the newly 
 arriving immigrants, we may firmly plant in that vast and 
 promising territory our own pure branch of Christ's Holy 
 Catholic Church, and thus confer a blessing incalculable on 
 its present and future inhabitants. 
 
 What loyal son of England's Church will not, for His 
 Master's sake, and his Church's sake, do what in him lies 
 to bring about a result so happy 1 Are there, as I am 
 informed, one million baptized members of our Church in 
 the Upper and Lower Provinces 1 Say that half of them 
 give nothing ; there remain 500,000 ; twenty cents a head 
 from these raises the whole required sum of $100,000 for 
 the endowment of the Algoma Diocese. 
 
 Whether however this endowment scheme, or the 
 more feasible plan (in my humble judgment) of an annual 
 missionary sermon for the Missionary Diocese till it is 
 able to provide for itself, meets the approval of this Pro- 
 vincial Synod, I feel sure that such a distinctly missionary 
 object as that before us now, would enlist the warmest 
 sympathies of our fellow Churchmen in Canada. Let us 
 then take the matter in hand with all earnestness of 
 purpose. 
 
 Already a beginning has been made. The venerable 
 society for the Propagation of the Gospel, true to its 
 charter, has promised the noble sum of JllfiOO. Other 
 gifts from England and Canada have been promised. Our 
 oflTertory to-day is to be applied towards the endowment 
 of this new Diocese of Algoma. Oh ! Let us be up and 
 doing. Let us be in earnest. Let us be united. 
 
 Our time for work may not be long. Thb Bridegroom 
 <ioMETH. Not many|more Advent seasons may the Church 
 
15 
 
 summon us to keep. Ere long we may see "the sign of the 
 Son of Man in Heaven." Yes, (most welcome thought) 
 ere long we may see Him whom we love, and hail His long 
 promised Advent with anthems of praise. 
 
 Be this as it may. Be the interval that parts us from 
 the Advent of our King long or short, let us so employ it, 
 that when the Master comes and reckons with us, we may 
 receive from Him the commendation — " Well done, good 
 and faithful servant : thou hast been faithful over a few 
 things, I will make thee ruler over many things ; enter 
 thou into the joy of Thy Lord."