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THE

NEWFOUNDLAND

Consolidated Copper Mining Company.

CAPITAL, $3,000,000.

$2,500,000 FULLY PAID Stock.

$500,000 Trfasury Stock.

Shakes, $50 each.

sharks i'nassiissahle.

Minks in Notrk Dame Bay, Newfoundland.

New York:
FRANCIS HART & CO. I'KINTLRS, 63465 MURRAY .STREET
--, * . 1881. . J

I »

■'- '" Tj ^rffi y' l fe^ ».

TIN':

NEWFOUNDLAND

CoxsouDATKi) (j)iM'r:i< Minim; (.^ompaxv.

CAPITAL. $3,000,000.

$2,500,000 I'tl.LV I'AID St(.)c:k.
$500,000 Tkl-ASUkV SlncK.

Shares. $50 kacii.
siiarp:s unassessable.

Minks in NdikK J)amk Hav, Niavfolm.i.am..

NkW \'()KK :

KRANCIS HAKT .'v CO. I'RINrKkS,

6j ami 65 IMuriay Sirt-el.

1881.

'1 % oo <■

OFFICERS.

Prrsit/rnt,
ERASTUS WIMAN,

( >f Messrs. K. O. Dun .t Cn. 79 (Jucen St. Cl.c.i|„,i,|c, I.o„ l„„, U. C. j

Mcvsrs. Hun, W .,. * C<i. va to 316 Dr.ia,l«,i,y, New-Vurk.

Vice- President,
CHARLKS M. STKAI),

I )f Mc-.ssrs. Allen ^ Sle..,l, Hankers, ',. Ilr,.iflw.,j, NeivVo.k.

Treasurer,
JONATHAN ODEI.L.

Secretary,
ARCHIHAI,])'j}RANn.

Directors.

S.K \yiLl,I.\M VAI.LANCK WHITKWAY K V W C

Attoincy-(;cn(;ral an-! J'lL'mier of -\(;wroun.llan(l.

Hon. AL'(;l STL'S W. HARVKV

L'u Ao!'',''"'"'"'"' ^''-''"''^•'- "'■ I<\^islati;e Council of .Newfoundlan.l.
KRASH'S WI.MAN, of Dun's Afcrantile Agency
CHARI,i;s M. STK.M). linker; ' ' '

HARRY ALLEN, Hanker;
l^OHLRT J. KLMIiALL, Hanker;
TllEODURE E. LEEDS, Counselor-at-Lavv.

Exeat five Com mi f tec

In Ni;ui()f.\iii,\\i),
Sir WFLLLWI V.ALL.WCK WHITEW.W, K. C M (;

HiiN. AicrsiHs w. h.\k\|':y.

Cottuscl.

WHriEWAY ^ JOHNSON . . St. John\., Xeu'founMand.

. 18 ir,7// .street, .V.7. -- ) ?W-.

IKAYENI'UR'J' cV LEEDS

Registrar of Transfers.

FARMERS' LOAN AND TRUST COMPANY, New-York.

Nkw-York Office, 62 Hroadway.

AI A P

OF PART OF THE

KASTEKN SHOHK of NEWFOU dl.AND

SHOWING THE MINING PROPERTY
OF THE

NEWFOUNDLAND CONSOLI ,ATED
COPPER-MINING COMP/ W

KmiauYHUU

Mout

Stocking Haib j^T^

r vJ'^';>^^4^^^

»»'

,B>yUl^

:-r-'

Ctinliiaion \ *'*'

Ml I \;^

BAY

O /•

^y O T f^ £.

^ ^1 vl/ £

7 .

>Hmtid

Gulll*

OH GR E K ^

BAY

*'■■**' ,^ ISLANDS

.1 ' "<••

<l^

^V -v '-k^'S Island Tickl.:

U ^a -^

^ 'Vriiifiin Horkt

I-

(•

m;v\t()cm)i.\.\|)

ll'.\Ti;i) COI'I'I^K M|N|^-(; q.

TIk: vr,ri„„s i,n,p,.,-ti« .,„,Ktl an<l controll.,1 by this

iMt,. ,K.„,|,|„„.|,„„d, „„ ,1,, i.l.uu, „f N„vf,„„Klia„cl. within

s" ,; ?: ,;'"■"" '"" "'^- ^'"''-' S'«-. ■■'"" -Kl't days fr„„,
Swansea, the grrat c.ppcr market of I'nglan.l

These n.iiK, have hilhiTt,, :„.,,„ „-„,|,„| , private

-terp,-,se, altl,.,„,,|, s,.n,e „f then, have, for t»o >ea s past

been „,p,„ra,edn„der the title „f a KintitedContpany

»"l- ""ly tlm-e M,d,vi,h,al st„ckh„i,!e,-s. the ternts of tife

J.r«an„ai,on I.en,, s„ch as to prevent any one of the stock-

'>;.-sd,sp„s,„,olan>-ofhi,stoek^ The discontinuance of

1- h,n„ed conrpanv-, „ hnh was in fact a partnership, became

nccessan- iii conscMu.ncc uf the ,1,. ,f|, ,,r tu

..,. , 1 . u. UK UL.itli Ml the senior partner.

\Vmu>nt a re-or5,.um.ati..n too many difficulties were pre-
sented to the operating of nnmerous dcvelopn.ents which
W been um.ated on the properties. At the present time
Mere are hve uuiependenc niines in active operation, with
'HM.- houses, stores, .uul necessary machinery. IWision
was also re<,unvd for the workin.,. of several other deposits
O' copper ore which I^ue been discovered, and which from
iMeu- character warrant development.

Many of the pr..pc.rt,e.. are ouned hv the Company The
rcmanuler are held un.ler leases, the -i^inal lesLes having
pmcured then- r.^hts from the ...ernment of Newfound-

Any British subject can claim on land not already <Tranted
a li^fjit of search for minerals o\er an area of three stjiiare
miles, on payment of £5 W ithin two years of obtaining it
In- mast select one square mile from these, the other two
square miles lapsing to the j^oxernnunt. If on a j^rant, the
};rantee shall sjjend /,"4,ooo within eleven \ears, it becomes
his property in perpetuitv- in fee simple.

At Betts Cove, Little Bay, Robert's Arm, ilall's Bay, anil
Southwest Arm, amounts far exceeding the stipulated
;{"4,000 have already been spent.

1 he following table represents the area of each property
which the (."om[)any n;ay possess in absolute fee simple on
complying with the foregoing regulations, the numbers
being added for reference to the accompanxing map :

N(.>. 1 . Betts (."o\x'

2 s(|uare miles.

' * -^

LittU' May

3 " "

t 1 T

Whaler iiaek

1 square mile.

" 4-

Hall's Bay .

4 square miles

Robert^ Arm

•• 6.

Southwest .Ann

4 "

"•

Seal Bay

I stpiare mile.

•' S.

Burton's I'oiul

•' 9.

Otter Island

Making a tr)tal of 27 sqnart.' miles, or 17,280 acres.

Royalty paid to the original h-ssees of the [iroperties
now held b\' the Betts Cove Mining Co. and Robert's .Arm
mine :

Betts Cove .
Little Bay
South West Arm
Hall's Bay .
Robert's Arm

2s. \H'v ton of ore.
4i/. per unit
5«'/. '■

5\. per ton.

Si.\ of the licenses at Robert's Arm are free of royalt)' ;
also two at Hail's Ba>-. and the one at Seal Bay.

The Bctts Cove mine is situated at Betts Head, three-
quarters of a mile from the harbor, with which it is con-
nected b)- a tramway of two inclines, fully fitted with
brake-houses, cars, wire rope, and all necessary equipments
the tramuays being laid with 6o-lb. iron rails. In addition
to three-quarters of a mile of wharta-e. Betts Cove has two
retail stores for the supply of the employes and their
famuies; upward, of iCo houses, affording accommodation
for 1.800 persons; three churches, engineers' workshops
with iron and brass foundr>-, school-room, and hospital
capable of accommodating 20 patients, besides numerous
stores for grain, hay, provisions and necessary mining stock.

2. Little Bay.— Is situated about 15 miles south-w<='st
of Betts Cove, which it ri\als in the rapiditv of its develop
ment, and in the magnitude of its ore deposit. Two years
only have elap.sed since its discovery, during which period
45.000 tons of copper ore. of an average value of $20 per
ton, have been shipped to England ; while there are at
present on the ground 7.500 tons ready for shipment, and
in addition 40.000 tons of undressed ore are on the reserve
dumps. The outr.op of ore is exposed on the strike for
1.000 feet, on which are sunk eight shafts, from 80 to 150
teet apart, the deepest being 260 feet. The stopes in Nos
5 and 6 are 35 tVet wide of solid ore, requiring hardly any
p.ckmg before shipment. Here a complete mining town
has been established, consisting of over 200 houses, with
school-house and chapel. The mine is connected bv a sub
stantial inclined tramway, perfectly equipped and laid with
60-lb. rails, with a pier, alongsi. e which vessels of anv ton-
nage may he in perfect security, the harbor bef ig' com
pletely landlocked except at one narrow inlet. In close
proxinnty to the tramua>- and wharf are situated the smelt
•ng works, consisting of three cupola furnaces, each carable
of reducing 10 tons of ore to regulus in 24 hours

Near the mine are two large ponds, caj.able of supplying
an> necessary amount of water for washing and concentrat^
ing operations.

In addition to the buildings, plant, and machinery above
enumerated, the Company possesses a powerful steamer, with
a steam launch, used for intercommunication between the
different mines, 'this steamer is of great power, having
been built for a steam-tug ; last year she was enlarged and
put in thorough order, and is of great use, not only as a
means of communication between the difl'erent ports, but as
a means of towing sailing-vessels in and out of harbor.

Attention is called to the appended letter of Mr. Francis
Ellershausen. I'his gentleman is entitleil to the credit of
develo[)ing the copper-mining industry of Newfoundland,
and of bringing it to its present prosperous condition. With
admirable pluck and energy he initiated the adventure as a
personal enterprise in the fall of 1.S74, but soon after two
partners joined him, and ultimately, in the fall of 1878, The
Ik'tts Cove Mining Company, limited, was organized by
them. Mr. I^Uershausen has been the active manager
throughout the entire time.

There are also appended a report on all of the mines at
present being wrought by the Company by Joseph W.
Revere, M. Iv, a report on the Robert's Arm Mine, by T.
Sopwith, member Inst, C. {]., and a report by David Ran-
kine, M. E., on the Betts Cove mine.

THh: OlT-ICT.vL R1<:P0RT of ALEXR. MURRAY

To Sir John II. Glover, (iovernor of Newfoundland, in
1879, shows the following shipments of ores from
the lietts Cove and Little Bay Mines :

^ll"^ I Hetts Cove Mine
' '^/ 5 )

1876, " " •' .
J»/7,

1878, 25,000

1878, Little Hay Mine 10,000

Tons.
8,000

i 8,000
44,000

35,000

^»ial£!M«S»«^i■jJii«^^«^yil*»»:"\'f'^;i'»^

Add to the abmc shipments for

i«79. from Hctts Cove and Little

"'^y • • ■ . 30,000

1880, to September 24, Betts Cove

and Little Hay . . 24,000

1880. additional tonnaj^e on hantl
read)- for shipment to January
'5. ''"^^I . . 10,020

As follows :

Little Hay .

7.500

Betts Cove .

1.250

Robert's Arm

1 ,000

Southwest Arm .

[50

Nali's Hay .

120

T(-)tal production

169,020

Net vahie of ore shipments, November, 1878, balance
sheet, taken upon formation of the Betts Cove Co.
Shows 105,000 tons shipped, at net value . $850,000

(All spent on construction and for openin<,^ mines.)
Net value of shipment in 1879, 30,000 tons . 225,000

Estimated value of shipment to October, 1880,
24,000 tons

175.000

Total net value

$1,250,000

The ful! market value of the metal from the ti)tal ore
product may be fairly stated i't $3,500,000.

KSTIMATEIJ PRI.:SKM ki:Si:RVES.

As PER REPOk! OK JOSKI'II \V. RkVERE, M. E.

Little Iky Mine. 30.000 tons per aniuitn,
X years aliead ...

Iktt-. Cove Mine. «,ooo tons per annum, for

5 \'ears

250,000 tons.

40,000 "

Besides, for several years. 650 tons per month from new
workinj^^s.

As PI.;K RkI'ORT of T SoPWITH, \[KMHKk JxsT. C. E.

Robert's Arm Mine, 4,000 tons per annum for

20 to 30 years, say .... ,00.000 tons.

(This is 12 per cent, ore.)

In adch'tion. prcxhicts nil! be made from Mali's Bay and
Southwest Arm Mines, which are both in ore, as per report
of Mr. Revere.

The value of the plant at the different mines,

as estimated b>- Mr. Revere, is . . ' $3,4,680.00

V.iluc of oo.uls and supplies on hand . 206,132.00

Net value of shippini; ..re mi hand . 184.248.00

tine.s or low ^^rade ore at Little Ha\- 148,940.00

Assets, irrespective of value of the workini^

mines and ,eal estate . . . ' $854,000.00

There are to be deducted from this 1,600 tons of ore
uorth about $30,000 in .Swansea, to which the 13etts CovJ
Compan)' is entitled.

1 1

i.i:tti:k oi- francis i:LiJ<;RsiiAUSKx.

To t!ie Directors of the Newfountllaiid CousolUated Copf>er
.]fiiitiio Coinpnny :

(iKNTi KMKN ; IViiiiit inc to address to \oii a few lines
uix.n the character of the jM-oceedin^rs of our minin^r advent-
ure in Newfoundland. So far it only can be called the
initiation of a mining industr>- in that country. Our minin<r
district is situated o\er two hundred miles distant from St.
Johns, uid was in an entirely unbrok-en country, with no
r(jads or direct means of communication of an>- sort, except
by vessels especially chartered, and tlurinj.^ four months of
the \'ear we would have been entirely cut off from all com-
munication had we not employed Indians as mail carriers.
Now we have succeeded in i,^etting mail steamers to call at
our ports, and (io\ernment mail carriers during the winter
We also h.uc telegraphic communication between the
various mines and St. Johns snice two \ears. The only
inhabitantN in this district were a feu fishermen , therefore
ue had to import laborers <jf ever>' desciiption from
I'.ngland and America at an enormous expense. Now
thousands of \-oung fishernu-n ha\e been trained as miners
and other skilled laborers, who are qm'te equal in point of
workmanship to our form(>r laborers, and who, at the same
time, work for nearl)- ;o per cent. less.

Our shipping port-, were entirel\- nnknovxn to the mari-
time worhl, and therefore great inducements had to be given
to obtain sufficient tonnage for our requirements, and -learn-
ers could t)nly be obtained by giving tinie chartirs; now
Liverpool lines of steamers are competing for our trade,
no longer on time charters, but on freight per ton,
which is nearl\- a difference of 50 per cent. less. Our
Company did not start with a ready working capital in
hand, <is many other conii)anies do, Init worked its way
up with nothing ni hand t.. its present magnitude b>-
applying all the proceeds to a series of ailvancements,
by prospecting and developing, \vA only one mine, but a

whole milling ilistrict, as you must frc\ conxinccd fioin tlir
reports of the experts. Still in tlu face of the above-men-
tioned {lifficiilties, whit li now lia\e been overcome, we would
have paid over one milhon two liumlred and fifty thousand
dollais of (h"viilends cUirin^^ the six years of operation, if the
amount spent for tht' manifoKl inijjrov enients had been
drawn from a p.iid up working' capital ; but thai \'ou ma\'
understand niun' full) tlu' luster) Awd tinaiuial condition of
our concern, 1 ma\ state, in 1S74 I -^t.irted on ni) own
account the Hi-tts ( Ove Mine, but soon after entered into
partnership with some otlier j^eiitK-nun

in Nov., 1S7S, we formed a compaii)-. limited, but with the
understandini,^ that no shares should be sold to outsidi rs
beyond the number of sharehoklers recpiireil to constitute a
limited Comp.ui)-. /"200,000 sterling; of stock were (li\ ided
anK)nj4st us as full)' |)aid-up shares, which shares nprestuti'd
at that time' the actual outla\ , beiit'' n)(>ne\- earned b\- the
mines Uss the sum of X30,ooo storliui; advanced by one of
the partners; since then tile policy of still enlar^iuL; the con-
cern b\- making impro\'ements and developinjj; new mines has
been continued, ami therefore no dividends lia\ e been de-
clared. Considerinjj;^ that the works are now in a j^ood con-
dition, and a che.ij) labor market bein^ established, it may
easily be seen th.it in future lar^e net e.irnin^s can be
divided, .md i);n'ticularly so, as the Robert's Arm Mine, which
was m\' person.il \enture, described in the reports, h.is been
added to the other properties. The statements will, I think,
<.iive you all the information you desire. I mii^ht have stated
the number of tons of copi)er ore mined and amount of
wagi;s to employes, but the various re|)orts in )-our hands
^■i\e you that information, as well as to the probable outj)ut
and expected net profits of the future operations. I may
call )'our attention the fact that your companv- not onl)'
takes the property without one tlollar of incumbrance upon
it, but on tlie contrary, with stores, supplies for the minuig
population, and a larj^e amount of co])per f)re on hand, of a
net value of over $500,000 in all.

I have no hesitation, therefore, in stating that in my

jiulK^mcnt the net profits of the niiiic-s sho..I.l be at least
$300,000 per annum, based on the price of copper at lis 6fi
per nnit. whicli is nu.eh helou the average price that copper
has sold at for 10 years |)ast.

Before c.nch.din- I he- to call >-our attention to what I
consuler. frcMn n.>- experience, should be the character of
your future .)perations. As the mines l,,:,,,; urout^ht are
numer.uis. .md capable of pro<hh-in- a lar^.T output' .it less
expense than fornurly. you nii-hi feel induce.l to increase
shipments much beyond fn.m 3^.000 to 40.000 tons per
annum, but this I do not consider advisable, Vou can smelt
to a matte as cheaply at the mines as thev do in Su ansea
because fuel comes out from JMi^rland as ballast, an.l uages
are actually cheaper in Newfoundland than in Swansea.
With this object in view, we erected :x fc,v cupola furnaces,
and smelted (lurin<,r last year with nn-at success, and now we
have started the erection of smeltin- works with a capacity
of 100 tons per day. The necessary material, will, the
exception of the machinery for blast, is now on the 'rvnuml
I would again refer >'ou to Mr. Kevere's report, in which he
sho^\ s the advantages of smelting. I also beg to direct s'our
attention to a suggestion which I think is \vorthv of your
consideration. You find from description in the reports of
the Jiall's Bay district, that there are quite a number of local-
ities, which, in all probabilities, will becomi' large producers
of ore.

During the last three \cars we have been prospecting and
sinking shafts in that dist.ict. with an average force of fifty
men. but beynd half a do/en houses, a supplying .store, and a
wharf, no further equipments Ii,i\c- Ik en made. 'I'o complete
the plant for that district wouhl c^ntail an (utlav of from
$^00,000 to $400,000. It appears to me to be a pit>'that these
v.-ilaable properties shouki remain unworked, but also equally
unwi.se if the net earnings of the other mines shouki again
be spent for fiirlher enlargements of the concern; therefore.
I advise that either ;i part of the Treasury Shares of the
company should be sold and the proceeds applied for the
completion of the plant of the 1 bill's Ha\' Mines, or that this

district should he sold to aiiotluT i omp. my and the proceeds,
whether in cash or sh.ires, di\id(.(l .imoii^^'st tht sliarclioiders
of \-our oonipaiiw I ,1111, licar sirs, yours tnil\ ,

l'l< \\( I'- I'.l I IK^II M'SKN

Nkw ^ i.rk, Ian J 5, iSHl

7'o the Pirotors of the Ncxvfoundland Coii.solhtatai Copper
Minini^ C otnpiviy.

( il \ I I,i;mf.N : 'I'lu- cipiin^(l of vnui ( (inipany, Wlntr-
way 6t Jolmson. Mstpiires, ol St John, Nru toundlan<l, h.i\i'
certified that tlie COnipany's titlis to it^^ mining proprrtirs
are in all casi-s ^'01 xl, in their opinion W c havr cvanunid
the documents showin^i; chain of title, .md the ,il)str;iit, An{\
are of opinion that the titles .iic pcrfei'tl) ;.;oo(i,

K<'s|)LCtfull\' yours, Dwi.M'oKr tS, Li.Kns.

Ri-:r()Rr oi- josi'.imi \v Kix'i.Kh:. i:sy.. m. [•:

\i;\V VnKK. Januar. 19, 18S1.

To the Direetors of the SexcfoiiiieHcout Coitsoliitated Copper
Miuitu; Company :

I res])ectfull\- submit the following rej^ort on some of
the difl'erent mines of \'our company, which \\('re exanu'nc(l
by me durini; the months of July and AuiJ[ust. 1S80.

Minin<^f of copper ores in Newfoundland was first bei;un
at Tilt Cove, in 1865. This propert>' is fifteen miles east of
Betts Cove, and is still worked by one of its orif,;in.il owners,
a Mr. Bennett, of St. John. Work was begun at Betts
Cove in the autumn of 1874, bv Mr. Francis I'-Uershausen,
and since then, under his management, have been oi)ened
properties at Little Bay, Southwest Arm. Hall's Bay and
Robert's .Arm.

The proj)ertii's of \(iur compan\' <ire situated on the west
side of Notre Uame B.iv, which is on the nortli-cast coast

»s

of Ncutoiiiull. 111(1, ,inil 230 niilcs north of St lohn. the
capital (.f till' island The shon: of this ha> is vir\' hi^,'h
and rock)-, thf cliffs in many places risin.; to the lu-ij^ht of
300 feet above the si-a Icv.'l, Man> dci-p little arms rnn
inland fn.in the main has ami form excelU-nt harbors for the
lar^H'st vtsscls. 'Vhc snrn.nndinnr lonntry is heavily wooded
with spruce and birch.

The copper veins and tleposits are found in the rocks
beionj^in^' to the lower Silurian maf^nesian s> stem The
>4an^ue of the ore bi-ds or deposits bein^^ chlorite slate, and
the coiintrs rocks for the most p.irt a hard diorite The
copper ore is in the form of ., yellow sulpiniret. aii.i i> dis-
tributed in veins and seams through the slate. These seams
vary from a fraction of ,in inch to inan\- teet in width. The
ore itse'f is especially fre<- from .ill impurities, and with
sli{,du hand pi(kin'.r, can be broii^dit up to a merch.int-
ablc article, runninj^ from cij,dit tc) sixteen per cent,
of metallic copper. The production of Hrst-class ore is at
present all shipped to ICiij^dand and there sold to the smelters.
I he lower .grades, or ore mi.\ed with }>[angues so as to require
much labor or machinerv to separate it. are tor the most
part tlirown upon the dumps. Mm at one of the mines the
lower grade ores are part of them smelted to produce a low
regiilus.

MINIXG T.WVS OI- XKWFOUXIJI.AXD

Any British subject can claim, on lands not alread>-
granted, a right of search for minerals over an area of three
square miles on payment of ^5. Within two years of
obtaining it he must select from these one square mile in any
rectangular form, provided it be not less than half a mile
wide, which, on the paym.;nt of ^"10 and government
expenses, is given as a grant. The other two square miles
lapse to the government, who. at one time or another, will
sell them by auction. If on a gr.uit the grantee should
expend a sum of not less than ^^4.000 within eleven years,
it becomes his absolute propert)- in perpetuit)- in fee simple.

Aliens, as individuals, cannot hold property in Newfound-
land, but only as a body corporated, with the one condi-
tion that two directors or trustees of said body must be
subjects of tiie crown.

Your company is now workin^^ five dififcrent properties,
namely : the Betts Cove Mine, Southwest Arm Mine,
Litde Bay lYHne, Hall's Hay Mine, and Robert's Ann Mine.
They are all worked on leases, the orii^nnal lessees havint;
procured grants or rights of search from the government.

The leases and grants controlled h\' your company are
as follows :

Betts Cove, 2 grants ; Burton's Pond, i grant ; South-
west Arm, 2 grants and 2 leases ; TJttle Bay, 4 leases ;
Hall's Bay, 4 leases ; Robert's ;\rm, 11 leases; Seal Baj-, i
lease.

The mines which I examined were Betts Cove, Little
Bay, Whale's Back, which is a portion of the Little Bay
propcty. Southwest Arm, Hall's Bay, and Robert's Arm.

BETTS C0V1-: MINE.

This mine is located on very high ground, three-quarters
of a mile west from an arm of the sea called Betts Cove.
Mining operations were begun here in the autumn of 1874,
and have been pushed with more or less energy since that
time, the result being that, since the spring of 1875, 110,000
tons of co})per ore have been shipped to Lnglaml. The ore
is found distributed in large veins through an immense bed
of chlorite slate. This slate has a well-defined strike east
and west, with a pcrpeuilicular north wall of diorite.
Another wall has not '""een found under-ground, akhough
the slate bed has been i)rospected 1 50 feet in width. Dis-
tributed through this slate bed are detached masses of
diorite, and surrounding these the ore seams increase in size
and richness. The slate bed has been worked U) the depth
of 400 feet; in width, 65 feet, and in length, 625 feet, with
shipping ore in sight in carh direction. The mine at the

present is worked through a perpendicular shaft I65 feet
deep. The lower portion of the mine being approached
from that level by an incline and several winzes.

Thus far all the mineral has been removed b\- underhand
stoping, leaving occasional floors and pillars. At the time
of inspection, the bottom of the mine could not be seen on
account of the accumulation of water, brought about by the
removal of the pumping and hoisting machinery to the
present shaft. The daily flow of water in the mine is not
large, as four hours' pumping out of the twenty-four will
keep it clear. Tn the breasts of the upper workings good
seams of ore are in sight, especially in a drift 400 feet east
from the main shaft. An estimate of the amount of No. I
ore in sight, in fl(M>rs and pillars, gave over 40,000 tons.
All th.is can be made available without injury to the develop-
ment of the mine, or to the maintenance of the present
product, which is over 650 tcuis of shipping ore jier month.

The working shaft is well timbered and fitted with cage
hoist. The hoisting engine, pump, air compressor for three
drills, are in perfect condition and in a suitable building
The other surface m;ichiner)- consists of a large rotary washer
and screen and two power jigs for concentrating the fine ore.
Steam is sufjplied by one tubular ard two flue boilers. Near
the mine is the machine shop, foundry, and forge of the
Betts Cove Mining Co. Here all the iron work and repairs
for the different mines are made, and the capacity of this
branch is trul\- \\onderful. I^\erything in the shape of iron
work- is done, from the forging of the smallest bolt to the
building of a large double acting air compressor, the latter
ha\ ing been built here last winter for the Little Baj' Mine.
The mine is connected with the wharves at Betts Cove,
three-quarters of a mile distant, by .1 double tracked tram-
way and two inclines, one of i.ooo feet and the other of 600
feet in length. These both are fitted with brake houses,
wire roi)e, etc. The tramwa\- and inclines are built on
trestle work, abo\e snow le\'el, ami are laid w itli 6o-lb. iron
rails. The cars are of the h^nglish mining pattern, and
have a capacity of two and a quarter tons each of ore. At

1 8

the' present ti.ne. t.o men and boys arc ompIo^■ed in and
about this mine,

Retts Cove is a deep arm of the sea, three-quarters of
a m,)e ,n Ien<.th. The upper .nd of it is protected by a
breakwater, and is hn..! u.th wharves and storehouses
ihere .s roon, f..,- tuo ocean steamers and several saihn^
vessels to load at the .ame time, ( )n the eastern side of
the hr.rbor a stream .,f uater pours doun through a sH^dn
break ,n the ch^ This is the outlet of a l^^e pc^d
which has an elevation of ,00 feet above the sea ^t a
comparatively sn.all cost, th,s culd be made to furnish 300
nj for an- con,pres.or>, etc. Xorth-east, upon the hicrh
land abc.ve the cove, are stron^,^ indications r,f a bed of
copper-bearing slate, and a tunnel is now being run (on
contract) fn,„, the head of the cove to prospe.; it The
managers house, co.npany store, ofif^ce, church, hospital
laboratory, nme storehouses, and telegraph are located at the
harbor, and between here and the mine are r6o dwelling
houses for work people. These are all ,n good condition

SOUTMWKST .Ainr.

This property ,s located three-quarters of a mile south of
^. U. Arrn. which ,s a deep bay ,8 miles west of Be.ts
t^ove. rhe land nses abruptly on both sides of this bay to
the height of 300 feet, and is well wooded. The formation
■s more regular than at Betts Cove, and does not seem to
have been so much disturbed. Work was begun here in
U.e uuuu,n .1 ^,yH. The contour of the surface would in-
dicate that the bed of mmerali.ed slate extended two-thirds
;^a mile east and west, and was seventy- yards in width ■
Ihere are several other locations on the property where
prospecting has developed beds of mineral, but as yet no
great amount of work has been done upon them. Surface
p.-ospect,ng IS difficult, owing to the deposit of decomposed
vegetable mutter tliat overlays the rock formation. Two
saaftsa,vbeu.g sunk next to the soutlurn wall of t^^^
b-1. lh,s wall. oldH.nte, and dips slightly to the south

The main ^li.ift is down 145 feet, with several short ilrifts
riiniiin<^r from it. Two seams of ore are penetrated h\ this
work, eacli two teet in width and live feet .ipart. soo tect
east of this shaft thi- other is beiiiL; sunk. It is now ilown
90 t(. 't, and [)rodiieinL; ore in ]),i\in^ (|nantities The siiafts
are bodi worked l;v hoise whims. lUv woik done here
had, up to tlie time of niv inspection, produced 1,100 tons of
shipi)in!,^(>re, 900 tons of which had been sent to Swan ea.
The mine is connected witli tiie hit;h -diore of S. W, Arm.
!))• a L^ootl wiiL^on road, antl from this point a fine double-
trackeil incHne, <Soo feel in lenj^th, runs down to the wharf
On the >,hore at tlie heail of the wharf are the manaL;er's
house, stori.', ai-,d storehouse. .\t the present lime. ^3 men
and bo\s are emploxed on this properly.

LIT rid'. HAY MlNiv

lliis propeit}- is located on 1 hiL;h peninsula between
Indian Hight dm\ Little Buy It ^ 15 miles south-west from
J5etts Cove ami 12 miles scnith-east of S. \V. Ann. Miniiif,;
was begun here in the summer of 1S71S, and has been carried
on with i^reat \ igor since that time. The copper ore is
found in the same chlorite slate as at Hetts Cove and .S. W.
Arm. 'I'he surface indicatii)ns of an innnense mineral deposit
were \'ery marketl, a cropping^ of mundic and coppei- pyrites
being exposed for 1 ,000 feet on the strike of the slate bed.
I he course of the slate bed is east ,uid west, and extends
two-thirtls ol a mile west nf the present \\orkin[4s. ( )n the
south a ridye of liills composed of the country rock (diorite)
rise abruptl} to the heiLjht of 200 feet. L iidcrL^round this
diorite forms the southern wall of the slate bed. When the
property was first openetl, se\eral thousand tons of ore weie
taken out ncvir tlu' surface where the outcrop was uncovered.
Then .S shafts were st.irted, from So to 150 feet apart, on tlu:
strike of the bed. By means of these a system of underhand
stoj)in_L;, lea\'inrT occasion.il floors, has been followed. The
stoi)e is 33 feet in width, and at the bottom of shafts Nos. 5
antl 6 is in solid uri , re<|uiring hardly an\- pickint.j before

shipment. East and west .Irifts arc bein^ run at th. drnth
of 200 feet to open ncu- ground, and they are all pnnh.cing
good ore. Masses of diorite occur in places through the slate
bed but arc not of great extent, and are ahvavs surrounde.i
by bod.es of rich ore. Xorth of the stopes the bed l,as been
prospected 160 feet, and seams of ore found the uhole dis-
tance. At this point the conformation of the surface u-uld
md.cate that a n<,rt!i uall would not be found short of k^o
»oct from the line of shafts. The .nonth])- production' of
siiippmg ore is :;,ooo tons.

By the erection of additional hoisting machinery the
producfon can easily be doubled. The hoisting fro.n 'shafts
^^s. 6 and 7 IS done by a double cylinder, bo H P en-nne
^-nd from No. 5 by a 40 H. V. engine. There is but little
water m the mine, and this is taken out in the buckets The
rock and ore is first broken and p.cked hv hand on a lame
floor at the mouth of the shafts. Two-thirds of all the o'^e
brought to t],e surface is No. ,. 8 per ct. copper The
waste rock goes to the dump. The mixed ore and fines
which require more careful separation, are conveved to the'
wash liouse. Here are screens and two large rotary wasli-
mg cylinders. The rock is passed througii these, ind the
No. I ore is picked out. The dumps are all overhauled by
contract ror No. r ore. fn fact all picking and sorting of
the ore is done by confact at a very low figure. Of course
immense dumps of rock and fines, containing considerable
ore. have accumulated near the mine and wash house The
mine is connected with the wash house, the smelting works
and the wharf at Little Ra>-. by a tramway- and incline of
4,600 feet in length, Tliis is well built and laid with 6o-lb
rails. Ihe cars are like those used at Iktts Cove, an.l are
drawn up the grade by horses. On the line of the tramway
are many of the laborers' houses : these all belong to the
-mnany and are in good condition. The smelling works
• '.'pon an elevation near the wharf, and contain three
ir- w:: matting furnaces. These are run on the louer grade
-' ■ '\ and can reduce 10 tons each in 24 hours. Hetuecn
the smelting works and the mine are two ponds uhich

LITTLE BAY MINE

fhnshomn^ locoilion ar.d de/pi% of shafts
orulheTniTural deposit.

JOS£fH W.RE]i[ltE

so'

uould sn|)i.l\- plenty of water for concentrating works and

iniprove.l water jacket furnaces. The wharf is well built.

nul has fronta^re enou^rh for the lar^rcst oc .... steamers. It
is sui)i)lie(l with ^^ooiX loadin^^ sta^a\s. tracks, 6;-c. Little

n.i\- is almost landlocked, and forms a tine lurbor. At the
lu-'.'d of the wharf is a duni]) for the shijjpin-r ore. At the
time of the inspection there were 3,000 tons of ore upon it,
M\i\ a lar^-^e iron steamer was dischar.c[int; coal it the wh.irf.
At the heatl of Indian Bij,dit, one-half a mile north of the
Little Bay mine, is the principal town. Here is the man-
ager's house, the store, local offices, i)ost office. teleL,^raph,
church, and miners' houses. There is also a <,H.od wharf
where the mail steamers huul.

1 attach a plan of the Shafts on the Little \\,\\- property.
The plan shows the 8 shafts sunk on the strike of the de-
posit.

Those marked 5—6—7 are the ones from which most
of the product was beiuLj taken at the time of my inspec-
tion. .At No. 2 (Frenchman '.s) the deposit is now clipping
mto the hill towards the south. The principal Stones at
Nos. 5—6—7 are about 35 feet wide from the south wall of
the dei)usit. North of these Stojics the deposit ha^ been
prospected about 160 feet and ore found the whole distance.
As there is no re.ison to suppose that the deposit does not
extend many hundred feet below the iiresent workini^s and
the Sulphurcts having increased in densit\' and richness as
a greater depth has been attained, 1 calculate that the blocks
of ground marked b\- ./^>/Av/ lines will yield at least 200 000
tons of marketable ore. Then as the ground on the exten-
sion of the deposit east and west of the line of shafts is
equall)- rich and known to extend a long distance, I con-
sider it safe to say that the Mine is capable of producing
in the future at least 250,000 tons (jf marketable ore.
which ma\' fairly be considered as the amount of present
reserves. It is impo.ssible to calculate the exact extent of
this wonderful deposit of Copper Sulphurets, but it is un-
doubtedly to-day one of the largest ever opened, and is likely
to last for years to come.

"X.

cfoy '>f'^<^^9*^of Nv

cfoyjl^:^?^^^ n^lh

i I

wii \ij:s wmk.

Tilts is a now location, 2^4 miles west, and inland from
the Little Ma\' mine-, It was oni\' discovered a few months
since, ami thus far the only work done u[)on it has beiii to
ditch and prospect the surface. Hut this alone has tlemon-
strated that there is an enormous hul of copper hearing
slate on the property. It has luiii nncovcnd at intiMvals
of 200 yards iu leuj^t'i and too \anU in width, and wliere-
ever the slate has been exposed, it (imt.iins siams of copper
sulphurets. In an\- other Iocalit\- this woidd he looked
upon as the prospect for a lart^e mine, ,nid in many respects
the surface showing.; is superior to th.it at Hi.-tts C'ovi- and
lattle \)[{y The tounlry is (|uit< hil!\-, and co\iTed with
timber suit.djle for buildinj^ and uiiiiin;^ purposes. Tlu.re
is a l;oo(I ^lade for tramwa>' or road to tlu' shorr of Little
l^av, I [^ miKs distancr, where the shipping; point vould
have to lie.

II.XLL'S I'.AN

This is a district b\- itst'lf, ^ miles west and inland from
the head of Little Hay. Copper ore was first discovered in
IiSjS, but little work has been doui' upon it until within the
present v'car. Tiu' couutr_\- is luavily womlrd, .\nA the soil
(juite deep, so that prospe'CtiiiL; is carried 011 with threat
difificulty. Hut where work ha.-^ been done, xciy llattt'rin^'
results ha\e been obtaiiie(l Thr t'ormation is the ^ame as
at Little Ha\- and \Vlel^■'^ b.'ck. Heds of chlorite slate,
with seams of cojiper .udnhwrets, and the country rock of
hard diorite. I'"i\'e diftc'etvi: localities .\vr worthy of special
mention, but mineral has been found in m.in\ other places.
and only lacks devclopm<'nt.

L.\I)N 1V)\'I). — Hire onl\- a few prospect holes have
been opened, but they all show mineral. At one point near
the pond, copjier sulphurets crop above the surface for
many yards. Ihis is now bein^ thorouijhly opened. Near
this is also a 6-ineh vein of peacock coppiT, but as the for-
mation is much disturbed, its \alue is questionable

i I

COFI'I.K Ull.l.. — A nunilu'r of prospect holes and
ditches liavc been sunk at tliis point, a\m\ they all show
mineral in slate. The southern boundary of this bed i>. well
marked b\ a hi;4h tid^fe of the coiintrv rock.

No. I, New Mink. — This is a well-defined bed of slate,
carryin{,' strong seams of copper sulphurets. Its width is
30(5 feet, and it has been prosjK-cted lor i 'j miles east and
west. On the north side of this bed a shaft is bein;; sunk ;
it is now down 90 feet, and iias been in ore from tlu' surface.
At the depth of 60 teet a crosscut is beiii-^ driven in ore,
and is now in 30 feet. In sinking; .uul driving there have
been t.ikcii out 100 tons of first-class ore. The sulphurets
from this bed an- especially rich, .md easily pick to 15 per
cent, copper.

^X\V I'll. — At this point a shaft is down 30 feet in a
slate formation, at the foot of a high hill, and 01 c enough is
taken out in sinking to |)ay all expenses.

Old Mines. — Considerable work was ilone here, princi-
pally drifting, when the district was first discovered, in
1878, and some ore produced, but during ihe p.ist year no
work has been done. We're there not so many more attract-
ive prospects in the district, this would be looked ui)on as

worth opening.

(3n the shore of Halls Bay a wharf is almost completed.
Here, also, is the manager's house, store, and about 100
tons of ore waiting shipment. The Hall's Bay district is
destined to have a brilliant future, and produce some large
mines. Tlie present work should be carried on until another
year, and then a tramwa>- built to tide-water on Hall's Bay.
There is an abundance of timber and water on the property.

ROBERT'S ARM MINE.

This mine is 15 miles south of the Little Bay mine, and
about 1.V4 miles from Robert's Arm or Inlet. The surface
of the countr)- is covered with timber suitable for mining or

building purposes, and for fuel. The mine is situated on
the north shore of a large fresh-uatcr pond. fi-oni uhieh it
can command ample water pouer. about i .^o feet above the
sea level. There is found here much the same formation of
the country rock as at 1 Jail's Bay, Little Hay. etc., but the
copper sulphurets are found in a true fissure vein of great
strength. One.quarter of a mile south of tlie main work-
ings a shaft has been sunk 64 feet on a 12-inch vein of yel-
low sulphuret mixed with copper glance. Three-qtiarters
of a mile west a shaft is down 14 feet on a 4-fool vein of
quartz, carrying 12 inches of yellow sulphuret mixed uitli
galena. Both of these are on different veins from the one
first describee!.

Up to the time of my inspection, there had I, -en raised
in all from this j)roperty 700 tons of 12 per cent, ore and
1,000 tons of lower grade. Further exploration should be
made east and west of the present woi kings, the indications
being extremel)' favorable. And here is also every
reason to suppose that there are other \eins parallel to the
one worked at present. This is indeed a most valuable
property, and the question of its permanency is bej-ond
doubt.

At the head of the pond bef(u-e mentioned, there has
been built a mill f(v concentrating the lower grade ores.
This mill ccuitains 15 head <T stami)s and 2 rotary pulver-
izers. All that is required to put it in running order are a
few Jigs tor separating the crushed ore. Power is supplied
to the mill by a 200-hor.se-power turbine wheel, taking
water from a river through a fine flume 400 feet long. The
rock and ore can be transported to the mill b\- water in
large scows.

The mine is connected with the wharf at Robeit's Arm
by a tramwa)- built on trestle work, .ibove snow level.
Near the wharf are the managcM-'s house, store, etc. The
harbor is a fine one, 3m\ almost landlocked. I'f.r a more
detailed description of this property, I refer to the able
report made by T. Sopwith. in January, 18S0.

MANAGEMENT.

Each of the different mines described has its own local
niaii;)i;cr, office, store, &c. This is necessary, as they are
separated Irom each other by at least 15 miles, and the only
communication is by water. Little Ba)\ Ik'tts Cove, and
South West 7\rm are connected b\' telegraph with each
othcf, and with St. John and the Atlantic cable.

The company employ two surgeons, and have a ho.spital
at Betts Cove. A magistrate and pol'ce are provided by
the Ciovernment of the Island. From the opening of navi-
gation in the spring until the 1st of January, the mails are
brought by a steamer from St. John every ten days.
During the winter they are brought overland by sledge.

SUPPLIES.

This portion of Newfoundland being so isolated, the
question of supplies is imi)ortant. Most of the mining
goods are brought from I'^ngland, but the provisions and
store goods come from tht-^ United States and Canatla. The
Betts Cove Alining Co. carry on all the stores, and in the
course of a >'ear sell about $200,000 worth of goods, at a
profit of 25 per cent., which is equi\alent to a discount of
that amount upon the wages paid.

LABOR,

This can be obtained in any required quantity, ;uh1 the
[)h)-sical standard of the workmen surf)asses that of the
average Cornish miner. The wages now paid a\erage from
90 cents for ordinary laborers to $1.50 for skilled miners.
Wages are not likelv to increase, as the suppl)' of labor on
the island far exceeds the demand. A single man can live
for about $10 per month, and a family tor $18.

LUMBER, FUEL, ^c.

Mining timber is abundant.
Large stulls, 16 ft. by 18 in. . . . $i each.

Lagging poles, 16 ft. hjng . -5 e*ents each.

Sawed lumber

Firewood

Charcoal

Coals

Coke

$14 per M.

$1 per cord,

6 cents per bushel.

$2 per ton.

$4 per ton.

Coals and coke are brought as ballast by steamers com-
ing for ore cargoes.

The ores melted at Little Ba_v are low grade, picked
from the richer ores and the dumps. The dumps are very
extensive, the most of the rock in them being chlorite slate,
charged with sulphurets, and will assay about 4 per cent, cop-
per. The\- are put into the furnaces without being roasted,
to liberate a portion of the sulphur, and but little attention
is paid to a proper mixture of ores and fluxes. The fur-
naces are poorly constructed, and of small capacity. Still
a profit is made on smelting. As Little Bay is the largest
producer of these low grade ores, and also a central point in
the district, it would be the best place to erect extensive
smelting works. Blast furnaces of the most improved
American pattern should be built, the ores roasted in heaps,
and then smelted with the more silicious ores from Robert's
Arm. A careful estimate of the cost of smelting works
to treat 2,000 tons per month shows that they could be
built for $12,000.

Estimated cost of reduction to a 20 per cent, regulus, of
2,000 tons 5 per cent, ore :

Picking from dumps and

roasting, $2 per ton . $4,000
Smelting, $2.75 per ton . 5,500
I'reight and sale of 450 tons

• 3,217

regulus

Royalty

$12,717
720

Value of 450 tt)ns of 20 per
cent, regulus in luigland

Leaving a profit of

-$13,437
24.750

$11, 3>3

Assays of ore samples taken in the dilTerent mines:
Little Bav, taken at random in the )

ijro per ct. copper.
-6 10

■^Md

ore bed

Betts Cove

Mall's Bay, from N(,). i, new mine .

South West Arm, from both veins . . iS^o

Robert's Arm, picketl ore from main vein, 2i<f„ "

These assa\s are <^iven t<> show that tiie ores can be
picked to a much hi<4her s;rade than they are at [)resent.

Cost of production of shipping ores, per ton :

Little Bay, 8 per ct. copper, landed on wharf . . $7.83
Betts C'ove, 10 per ct. " " . . 9.42

Robert's Arm, 12 per ct. " " . . 10.00

SHIFMKNI' OF (.)RKS.

Ore can be shipped b\' steamer or sailing- vessel during
eight months of the year, the other four months the harbors
are closed by the drift ice from the north. Shipments are
made either to Swansea or Li\'erpool, where they are
crushed and sampled. At present, none of the ores are
sampled at the mines, but are shipped as they come from
the ore floors

The rate of freight from the mines to i'lngland, is for
steamers 19.V., and sailing vessels 1 5.s-. per ton.

COST OF MARKFTINC. ORLS.

Freight by steamer
Sampling, crushing, &c. .
Change into tons of 2 1 cut.
Insurance ....
Commission ^ i)er cent, on \ alue
Flarbor dues ....

Per ton.

9.V.

$4. 56

I.V.

Gd.

.36

-s.

1.68

\s.

6d.

•36

. 10

4^^

.09

$715

The Newfoundland copper ores will always find a ready
market at the English smelting works, as they contain
elements that act as fluxes on ores imported from many
other localities. They cannot at present be brought to
the United States, because of the tariff imposed upon
foreign ores ; but should this be removed, a large market
would be opened here.

Highest and lowest prices of copper ores and regulus in
tlie Swansea market, during the past three years :

i4s.

1879.
— I ox. 6c/.

i<^78- 1877.
'3-i"- 1 r.^-. 14s. ()d. \2s. per unit.

Swansea prices of ores and regulus on the first day of
each year during the past ten years :

1 87 1 • • • \2s. per unit.

1872 . . 17^. " ..

1873 . . 18.V. " "
i«74 • . . i6.i-. 6d. " "
i^75 • . . i6s. gd. " "

1876 . . . 17.?. " "

1877 . . . i5i-. ed. "

1878 . . . 13^-. 3,/. .. '.

1879 . . . i\s. 6d. "

1880 . . . 14^-.

The value of ores given in the report are calculated at
1 \s. 6d. per unit, which is below the average price of copper
for the past ten years.

Present monthly production of Ik-tts Cove and Little
Bay mines :

Betts Cove, 650 tons of 10 per cent, cop-

per ore ....

Cost of mining . $6,123

Freight and sale . . 4,647

Royalty, 2s. per ton , . 312

$17,875

$1 1,082

$6,793

Little "Bay, 3,000 tons of 8 per cent, cop-
per ore $66,000

Cost of mining . $23,460

Freight and sale . . 21,450
Royalty, ^d. per unit 1.840

$46,750

Profit for one month

$19,250

$26,043

Profit for one year . . . . • $316,516

25 per cent, profit on $180,000 of store goods

sold 45.000

Total profit ov\ both mines

$361,516

The amount of ore produced from all the mines in 1880
was over 30,000 tons, and there is no reason that vith the
present outlook at Little Bay, and the new development
at Hall's Bay and Whale's Back, another >ear this pro-
duction should not be doubled, if desired.

ESTIMATED VALUE OF PLANT, SEPT i, 1880.

Betts Cove mine

£32,s^3

Southwest Arm mine

. . 1,843

Little Ba\- . .

. 21,982

Hall's Bay ,

128

Robert's Arm

6,400

^62,936

$314,680

This estimate does not include supplies not in use, stocks
in stores, or value of the mines.

This plant originally cost over $500,000.

ORKS OX HAXD READY TO SHIP. SI-IT.

S. West Arm. 200 ions, i f pvr cent, copper, $6,050

Hairs Bay, 200 tons, 12 per cent, c.pper. 6,600

Robert's Arm, 700 tons, i 2 percent, copper. 23. 100

Little Bay, 3,000 ic:ys, 8 per cent, copper. 66.000

I. 1S80.

Royalty, frei^rht and sale

$101,750
32,487

-$69,263

Estimated value of tines at Little Ba)-, 40.000 tons con-
cent.-, ted to 14,000 tons of 8 per cent, copper:

Com o» v-oncentration , . $50,000

Ereic^ht, royalty and sale . . 109,060

$308,000

-$i 59.060

Actual value

$148,940

SUPPLIES Ox\ HAXD.

Stocks in stores at Betts Cove, Little Bav, South-
west Arm and Hall's Bav ' *, ,n -n-
Supplies, stocks in stores at Robert's Arm . . 7,000

Yours, respectfully, $680,588

Jo.sEPH VV. Revere, M. E.

Xew York, jaii. 2i;,t, 1881.
7o the Board oj Directors of the Xeiofnundlaud C C. M. Co.
Gentle.MEX : I enclo.se with this an estimate of the
value of goods, supplies, and shipping ore on hand at the
mines at the present time. My figures are based on official
information receixcd within the past {qw days.
I remain, \ours respectfull)-,

JosEi'ii W. Revere, M. L.

Goods find supplies on hand, Jan. 2 1st, l88i :

Hctts Cove .
Little Bay
S. W. Arm .
Robert's Arm
Hall's Bav .

Marketable Ore

^24,760 ciirroncy

20,000

1,922

3,000

I,8qi

^'5 1,533 = $206,132

Little Bay • • • ■ • • • 7- 5 00 tons.

Robert's Arm 1,000 "

Betts Cove 1,250 "

S. W. Arm 150 "

Hall's Bay 120 "

10,020 tons.

Value in Swansea at present prices after } ^
deductmg royalty, freight, sale, etc. . ) ^
Value of fines at Little Ba)-, as per report 148,940

$539,320

REPORT OF T. SOPWITH.

6 Great George Street, Westminster, S. W'.,

5th January, r88o.

Messieurs The Nezufoundland Minerals Company, limited.
Gentlemen :

ROBERT'S ARM MINE.

I beg your acceptance of the toUovving report upon this
mine, which was inspected in accordance with your instruc-
lions in November last.

Position. — The mine is on the west side of Notre Dame
Bay, on the east coast of X..nvfotindlancl, about 2 miles from
Robert's Arm Bi-ht or Inlet. It is 250 miles north of St.
John, the capital of the island.

TopocK \riiic.\i. AND Geoi.dcicai. Cn\i)rii,,Ns.— The
surface of the adjoininj^r country is densely covered with
timber and underwood, suitable for buildin- and mining
purposes and for fuel. The mine is situated on the north
shore of a lar-e fre.sh-water lake, from which it can command
ample water power, about 130 feet above sea-level.

The copper vein and deposits are found in the rocks
belonginj^r to the lower Silurian magnesian sj-stem ; the
general characteristics of which at Robert's Arm are identi-
cal with those of Tilt Cove, Betts Cove, Little Ba)-. and
other mines successfully worked on the opposite shore of
Notre Dame Ba>'. the two last named b>' the \-endor of
Robert's Arm mine.

These copper bearing rocks extend and are worked still
further south of Robert's Arm, and the district is even now.
perhaps, one of the most important in its copper production
known at the present time, and is capable of still greater
development.

The Robert's Arm mine is on a true \-ein of great
strength, with marked indications of gr< at mineral wt^alth.
It dips south at an angle of 34 degrees, is three feet thick at
surface, and increases to 15 feet, at a depth of 100 teet.
The principal matrix is quartz, intermixed n places with
chloritic slate, and the foot-wall carries a Wnv leader of rich,
yellow co[)per.

The direction of the vein is east and west, and there arc-
indications of other veins in the immediate vicinity. Short!_\-
previous to the inspection on which this report is based, a
disccn-er)- was made of a promising vein about a (|uartu- of
a mile to the south of the principal and only one on which
any explorations have been made.

MINING LAW OF NEWFOUNDLAND.

This has been drawn up in a liberal spirit, and is well
calcidatcd to develop the mining resources of the country;
the cfifect of a liberal policy is seen in the gigantic stritles of
the tnining industry within the last lO years.

Any British subject can claim on lands not already
granted a right of search for minerals over an area of 3
square miles nn payment of ^5. Within 2 years of obtain-
ing it he must select from these one square mile in an\' rect-
angular form, provided it be not less than half a mile wide,
which, on payment of ^,"10 and government expenses, is
given as a grant. The other two square miles lapse to
Government, who at one time or another will sell them by
auction.

If on a Grant the concessionaire should expend a sum
of not less than ^4.000 within 1 I years, it becomes his ab-
solute property in perpetuit\' in fee simple.

At Robert's Arm a right of search has been acquired
over 33 square miles of ground, two square miles of which
are now the absolute pr(,)perty of the company.

DESCRIPTION OF PROPI-RTY.

Under the title of the Robert's Arm Mines 33 square
miles of countrN' arc granted under riL;ht o( search, and of
these 2 stpiare miles, embracing the workings already exe-
culrd, are the absolute property of Captain Clery, who has
leased them to the Newfoundland Minerals Company at a
Royalty of q.v. (five shillings) per ton of ore extracted
on a minimum production of 3,000 tons.

The charge for Royalty will not apply to future discov-
eries matle on properties other than those leased from Cap-
tain Clery.

The New foundland Minerals Company will also possess
rights of search over other properties in Conception Bay, on
one of which three veins have already been disco\ered.

Miniu" works at Robert's Arm were only commenced

in \Ta\', 1879, and arc naturally limited in extent. TIk-
accompanying' section (Plan No. i) shows the works actiiall\
in pro<rrcss. A workin^^ 72 feet wide is bcinj^ extended <>n
the liip of the lode, which i^ 15 feet thick, of (juartz mixed
with yellow copprr, assayin^^ about 3 per cent, on the j^ross
output — but which, by simple dressing.,' operations, can be
concentrated to 12 per cent. — and of a vein of copper worth
12 per cent, about 2 feet thick, tlie latter being worth from
7 to 8 tons to the running fathom.

In its present stage of development, the mine shows as
favorable indications as Betts Cove and Tilt Cove did in
their earh' stages, and already 250 tons of 12 per cent, ore
and 1,000 tons of 3 per cent, have been raised. Tl e former
quantity is now on the pier awaiting shipment.

'1 iiere is every reason to expect that when No. 4 shaft
(section No. i) intersects the lode, still richer dejjosits of ore
will become available U>v extraction. h\irther explorations
should be made east and west ni' the present workings, the
indications being extremely favorable, and from these a
largely increased output may be anticipated.

Pl-AXr. — The plant alread}- on the property, and which
will be included in the sale of the mine, is :

I manager's house.

I store.

I barn.

I mill house.

6 superior houses.

29 workmen's houses.

I whim and shaft house.

1 rock breaker (Blake's) and engine.

2 rotary crushers.

I patent concentrating apparatus.

15 heads of stamps.

I turbine, with shafting and gearing complete.

I flume, 400 feet long.

I 30-ton lighter, or scow.

I tramway, 2 feet i i inches t^aufje and R,<Soo feet lon^,
raised above snow level.

5 wa-ons. of 2j/( tons eapacity each.

4 drauf^ht horses.

I ;^><er, with tramway, etc., complete, about 350 feet lonjj.

Store ^oods, to the value of /,"<Soo.

Mining materials, to the value of £550.

May. oats. etc. " " /■200.

All in ^ood order and condition, and the whole of which
I estimate at the value of /^H.ooo.

I estin^atc the value of the ore extracted at i'j.ooo upon
the spot, namely, allowin^^ for expenses o( frei^dn and charf^^es
at Swansea, making together £\ 1,000 as the worth of plant
and ore in sight. A further amount of ^4,000 sct-ms to
have been spent in preliminar\- ex])enses and in mining
works.

Drkssixc Fl.nORS. — In order to utilize the abundant
water i)ower available, which I estimate at about 200 horse
power, dressing operations will be performed on the south
or opposite shore of Crescent Lake.

It is proposed to first pick over the stuff on floors situ-
atetl neai- the principal shaft, where the best ore will be
placed in wagons and trammed direct to the shipping-
wharf in the harbor.

The poorer portion of the output, consisting of stuff
averaging from 3 to 6 per cent., will then be loaded into
scows or barges holding about 30 tons and ferried across
the lake at a cost of about Ks". 3^/. per t<>u, where it will be
dressed up to a tenure of about 12 per cerr. This would
enable a great economy to be effected in lU:_ case of low
class ores, since it not only permits of a great saving in
freight but also dispenses with the charges for crushing {^s.
per ton) made by the English smelters.

The existing water power is derived from a river within a
short distance of the crushing floors, to which it is conveyed
by a flume about 400 feet in length, giving about 200 horse
power.

1 lie u hole of the inachiiicr>' it is propfjscfl to use has not
yet roaciicd the mine; tliat which is aitiially erected con-
sists of two rotai-)' criisliers— one capable of breriki'^^r loo
and the seeoiul 70 tons ..f raw material per day of twenty-
four hours, and 15 Heads of improved American Revolving
Stamps, each capable of treatin^^ about \\\<> t<>ns of stutV
working day .)f twenty-four hours

MlNlN(; LAlU)k. — Labor can be obiained in an\ reijuired
quantity, and the- jihysical standan! of the workmen sur-
passes that f)f the avcraj,^e l-aii^dish ii:iner. j'he wa^us now
p.iid averafrc from 3.9. (V/. for ordinar>- laborers to ^s. 6d.
per day for skilled miners. The rale of wa^res is on the
decrease, as lar^e nimibers ot men come every year from
Nova Scotia and Oax^k- Hn>lon in se.irch (.f em])loyment.

MaiKRIALS, — These can be obtained at about the same
rates as rule in ICnoHsh Mining Districts, and the same
remark applies to coal.

Cost of Livinc— A single man can live well foi ^
and a famil\- for about £}, los. i)ei month. The average
earnings of the miners .ire about £6 per man per month.

Stori;.^. — Convenient stores have been erected in the
vicinity of the landing wharves for the supply of the mining
population. The profits from these stores may be estimated
at 25 i)er cent, or are, in other words, etpiivalent to the dis-
count of that amount from the wages paid. Assuming a
staff of 200 men to be employed, tliis would amount to a
sum of about ;!f 2,400 per annum.

HARBOR ACCOMODATION, FREIGHT, ETC.

i\ substantial pier, about 350 feet long, has been erected
terminating in water 17 feet deep. This communicates, by
means of a tramway i mile and two-thirds in length and 2
feet 1 I inches gauge, with the mine. The harbor is perfectly
land-locked and sheltered from every wind.

F'reights to Swansea arc 20s. 3(1, per ton for stc-aiucrs,
13s. 5(1 for sailing,' vessels, and the rates of insurance nre
respeclivelv. one-iuilf ami i i)er cent. Postal eoinmunuM-
tion with St. Johii'^ is maintained b\- means ol a mail ste. mcr
which visits the prim ipal mining- centres in Notre I 'ante
Ha\' twice a miMitli, with the exception of the tirst 4 months
in tlie \ rai-, when navij^ation alon^^ the east coast of New-
foundland is closed !))• the drift ice. Diirinj.; this period the
n.ails are convened h\' messengers overland.

'I'l'lei^rajihic communication with St. Johns and luirope
has l)e"en established by the Newfoundland ;4overnment as
far north as the principal mines, anil will probably be
extended to K<4)ert's Ann (it' aules from the main whv) as
soon as tlu' workings assume j-uthcient impcjrtaiice.

C(>.>^T Ol" I'koDl'Cllnx — A large proportmn oi' the ovc
raised will assa>- over 12 i)er cent, for copper, and will not
cost, inchidins; mininL^, breaking, picking, hauling, loadmg,
and all charges in Newfoundland, more than £\ 10s. per
ton. A further portion, which must be dressed or conce'n-
trated to render it marketable, will cost £2 lOs. \>cr ton.
The exact proportion of each it i^ difficult now to determine,
but, from calculations made on the spot, I arrive at 36s. as
the mean price for 12 per cent, ore of the two classes
together, and, although with extended operations the cost
per ton is likely to decrease rather than increase, 1 consider
it prudent to adopt £2 per ton in my subse(iuent estimate
as the cost of the ore placed on board in Newfoundland.

ESTIMATE PER TON.

Cost on board in Newfoundland

Royalty . ■ •■

Freight, say

Swansea charges

Conversion into tons of 21 cwt.

Insurance . • • •

Commissions, i % per cent, .

£l

The present v;ilue of 12 per cent, ore is 13s. per unit, or
i,7 16.S. per ton, and there is a profit tlierefore of say, £4
per ton.

Rate of Production— With onlj- one working, as
described, and less than 30 tnen. of whom 18 only are
miners, the dail\- production of copper is nearly 4 tons of
12 per c(<nt. ore and 6 of poor ore, which can be converted
b)' concentration into i i_, tons ..f 12 per cent, tenure.
Sa\- 51.^ tons of marketable ore, leavinL,^, as above esti-
mated, nearly /:2o per day profit, from" which, h(,wever,
some reduction must be made for expenses of manacremcnt
m Newfoundland .and ICnyland,— e.xpenses which will weigh
comparatively hea\il\ on a low rate of production, but will
proportionately decrease as the output of the mine becomes
greater, as it rapitlly will do.

l^y the end of June, it may be expected tliat 1.000 tons
of marketable ore will Ix: ready for deliverx-, and a similar
quantity in the latter uul of the current year,— quantities
sufficient to leave a large profit on the first sear's operations.
Satisfied .as I am that the local management (if the arrange-
ments 1 roposed are carried into effect) wilt be conducted
with skill, energ>-, and econ.miy, / amsu/^r j^,oon tons per
annum a nnnicratr estimate of the future returns, and that
a profit of from £2 los. tw X3 los. jK-r ton will be made.

The appearance of the vei., ;Uread>- opened out, and the
mineralized character and extent of the neighboring district
which will be included in the property of the Company,
justify an opinion that this rale of produetiou loill be eon-
tinned for jo to jo years.

Such a production of So.ooo to 120,000 tons from the
property is not high \vhen it is remembered that adjacent
nnnes have i)r(..duced over 100,000 tons within the last 5
years, and a neighboring mine, commenced in 1878, 20,000
tons in one year, without any signs of decrease in their
probable output.

Newfoundland is destmed to become one of the most,
if not the most important centre of copper production.'

l"WBBPWWf

*f£sr. a» s.

There seems tc> be a godd future for the copper trade, and
at present prices the working of Robert's Arm will leave
large profits ; and woiiM leave some ])rofit even at the
lowest prices which cojjper has rccentl\- touched.

I have taken throughout I2 per cent, as the standard of
ores which will be delivered in JCngland. Some ores will
undoubtedly be delivered of a lower tenure, hut these I have
excluded from my calculation and estimates ; they will
however, naturalh' lea\e some margin for profit, otherwise
they would either not be shipped or would be picked and
dressed to a higher percentage.

M\- assistant, Mr. Seymour, who made the inspection,
has a quantitN' of detailed notes and can gi\-e man\- particu-
lars which I ha\e not thought necessar>' to insert in this
report.

I shall be glad to wait upon )-ou and to gi\e an)' further
information you may require.

1 remain, Gentlemen, your obedient servant,

(Signed) T. SopwrTH,

Memb. Inst. C. E.

APPENDIX.

Analyses made by Messrs, Richardson & Co., of Swansea.

(Copy) Assay Office and Laborator\- (Vc Wharves,

.Swansea, January 5th, 1 880.

Samples of copper ore reccn-ed January 3d:

No. I. Sample of prill ore readx- for shiiMUent. Copper,

J9-;-8 "(1- Silver — Traces.
No. 2. Sample from (|u,nt/.osc portion of vein Copp. /,

5^ %■ Silver — i'races.
No. 3. Sample from chloritic portion of vein in foot wall.

Copper, 644 "(,. Sib-er — Traces
No. 4. Sample from \ein in principal slope. Copper,

4?-j:! "'„', Silver — Traces.
No. 5. Sample of partl\' concentrated ore from crushing

mill. Cop}K:r, 4'/^ '\,. Silver — Traces.

(Signed) J. I lKR.\i.\.\N James.

c(,y oJJJ^l^it^fjms

LITTLE BAY MINE

JOSEPH WMHKC

REPORT ON BRTTS COVE COPPER MINES,
NEWFOUNDLAND.

By David Rankine, C. & M. E.

The following report was made, at the request of the late
William Dixon, by Mr. David Rankine. of Messrs. Ronald,
Johnstone & Rankine, of Glasgow, who are among the
leading mining-engineers in the United Kingdom. M.

Glasgow, 27th August, 1878.

Having been asked to give a summarized view of what
came under my observation during my recent visit to the
mines of Bctts Cove, as more fully detailed in my report of
the 3d inst., T note the following as the more salient points :

The copper-bearing rocks at Betts Cove are a chloritic
slate, more or less impregnated with copper. In some
cases, the ore is concentrated in pockets ; in others, it is in-
termixed throughout the rocks, while in others it is found
in veins. Where the veins appear on the surface, they are
of narrow width, and show but faint traces of copper. They
dip at an angle of about 80", and when sunk into, are soon
found several feet in width, expanding at no great depth to
as many yards of ore, one- half of the mass of which may
be readily hand-dressed to a i 5 per cent, ore, the other con-
taining about 4 per cent, copper.

The mining operations have been practically confined to
Betts Head, which abuts on Betts Cove, and to three veins
of ore which have been found lying almost parallel to each
(^ther. The mode of working has been by sinking shafts in
the veins, cross cutting from one to the other, driving lateral
mines at different levels in the veins and " stoping " the (jre
between. The veins frequently swell into large pockets, the
whole, or as much as can be safely got being minctl out, and
an immense chamber thus formed below ground. The
workings have not extended much beyond a length of about
150 yards, a breadth of about 50 yards, and depth of about
70 yards. That depth has been won by sinking shafts, and

from these, s^^allerics have been broken off at three (HfTerent
levels, the first about 25 yards from the surface, the second
about 50 yards, and the third about 70 yards. The second
level is now reached by a vertical shaft, known as the " hji^nne
Shaft," 1}\' wliich the ore is almost wholly r.'ised to the surface.
The thirtl le\el is won and worked by .ui un(leri;round
incline which falls away from near the bottom of the " l".nL,nne
Shaft." I'here is still a fourth or lower level. 20 yards under
the thii'd, which has been won by winzes sunk from the third
level. Little minin<^ has yet been done from or by it, one
reason for that bein^^ the want of time, the other reason being
that between the third ami fourth levels the rocks ;;radu-
ally become more homoLjeneous and read\- with an almost
vertical clevea;.,a', the copi)er bein<f disseminated throui^liout
the rocks, and the whole so friable that the drift mines
must be carefully timbered and gearerl.

The (|uantity of t)re actually shipped during the last
three \ears from the limited area reterred to was 6o,ooo
tons, and within that area a large quantity of ore is now dis-
closed standing in the pillars, floors, and roofs of the \ari-
ous levels.

A further cpumtity is proved by mines, but which by
reason of the percolation of water from the ponds above
cannot be worked. It is almost impracticable to ])ut a
figure on the quantit\- thus disclosed, />uf it should amount,
I believe, to several kuudred thousand tons.

As before stated, thi' surface indications of the ore are
comparatively minute. Nevertheless, such as the\- are, they
seem to me clearl\' to indicate a continuance of the veins
now being worked onwaitl to the sea at Chance Cove, a dis-
tance of 1,100 yards.

At various points in that distance the veins show on the
surface, having similar outward characteristics, both as re-
gards "strike" and inclination.

At the time of my visit the sinking of twe' shafts had
been commenced in one of the veins near Chance Cove.

One of these shafts had been carried down about five
fathoms, the vein being found of increasing thickness and

richness. Hk' veins wore: also bciii}; further proven by
mines driven from the shafts at Hetts I lead in a north-west
directit)n, and these showed that the ore lield onward in
that direction equal in qiiahty and (|iiantity to tliat wiiich
had l)een worked.

It therefore seems to me that all the indications lead to
the conclusion that the Betts I lead operations have as yet
merel>- tapped the deposit which may be reasonably ex-
pected to be found there.

If I am correct in the opinion thus formed there should
practicall)' be no limit to the profitable endurance of these
mines, for although considerable mining skill has been dis-
plajed in past operations, 1 am satisfied that much can yet
be done in reducing the cost of raisin;j, tiie ore, in recover-
ing what is now standing in the floors, roofs, and pillars, in
working the c'eeper and softer ores, and in reducing the
cost of transit from the mines to the place of shipment.

Savings in these respects would allow for further reduc-
tions in the \alue of copper without diminishing profits,
and in the event of co[)per attaining former or even main-
taining present rates the outcome from the mines would
leave a large percentage of profit. Such a result would, I
believe, flow from the adoption of the scheme 1 aclvocate,
viz.: The dri\ing of a mine from near the level of the sea
at Chance Cove, the mine being driven along the strike of
ore of tlie copper veins and in itself being a paying work.

The imi)()rtant points to be achieved by such a mine are
the draining of the whole deposits to a depth of one hun-
dred feet under the present deepest working, and the work-
ing out of tlv; whole mass of ore by open quarrying, at a
cost per ton probably less by a half than what is now m-
curred, while great additional facility for airing the mines,
where mining must be resorted to, would be also obtained ;
and by the construction of a tramroad along the margin of
the sea from Chance Cove, the cost of transit to Hetts Cove
would be largely reduced.

A better mode of transit would, however, be had by
driving another level mine diiect fr(,ni Betts Cove to Betts

Head, altlvnij^li the coustiiiction of lli.it mi^'ht he reason-
ably deferred imlil the rocks between had been proved by
l)orin}.f.

Such a work woidd repay itself in three or four years,
and after that would result in a ^rain of several Wm+rr^
thousand pounds per annum

These remarks have been principally directed towards
the development of present mininjf operations.

Hut i)t yond that there are indications of other veins of
protitable character extendini^ from Dr. I'.arl's I'oint, and
also from Hurton's Pond; the former have been onl)- partially
tested by shallow sinkm^s and surface explorations, which,
althoiis^rh not yet disclosin^.^ such rich masses of ore as ha\e
been opened out at Mett Head, nevertheless ^ive good
grounds for believing that the ileposits only recpiire further
opening out to pro\e of high value.

With regard to Hurton's Pond: It was at one time
worked by a company who, after some mining and sinking
in two veins which outcroj) near the sea, abandoned llu:
work with, 1 believe, the loss of a large amoimt of mone\ .

They, nevertheless, took out a considerable (pLUitity of
good ore, while I \s as there: the water which had accuuui
lated in the shafts is being pumi)enl, and it was removetl to
such extent that partial access was obtained, and good sam-
ples of ore were got.

I am hopeful that, with facilities now to be had through
Hetts Head establishment, this will prove a xaluable
auxiliary.

With reference to the i)l.mt at Hetts Head, perhaps all
that is necessary to remark in regard to it is that it is most
complete and ample. I'he harbor at Betts C:ove affords good
anchorage, and the epiays which liave been constructed can
accommodate a considerable amount of shipping. During
the fortnight 1 was there the loading of a steamer with
1,400 tons of ore was completed. The steamer I went out
with was discharged of 500 tons of coke, and loadetl with
1,900 tons of ore; a sailing vessel, with about 1,400 tons of
cargo, being also in process of discharging, there being also

ample wharfas^re for the coasting steamers and other shipping
that now freciuent the place.

I he roads, raih,- vs, houses, stores, workshops, foundry,
and other works and plant, are all ona similarly complete scale,
while the jigc^nng machine and the smelting works erected!
and erecting, will, for the future, permit the poorer ores to
be profitably utilized. There is, indeed, an abundance of
plant and machinery on the ground, and labor can be also
readily commanded. At my firsi visit four years ago, the
[)lace v/as nothing but a rocky wilderness, utterly devoid of
all accommodation or appliances whatever, and comj)ara-
tively scanty evidence to be obtained of the stor- of wealth
vvithin.

1 nevertheless ventured to express <! hi^h opinion of the
leaseholds, ^ind that has been fully b(.rne out by the results.
Much of that success has been due to the energetic and able
management of Mr. Ellershausen, and under his direction 1
look on the future with equally .sanguine expectation.

Ke{)orted b>-
(•'^ignt.'d) David R.wkine.

Cm!

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