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l\'-k

A Ut\Lii^^

REPORT

ON THE

BOINDART LINE

BETWEEN

THE PROVINCES OF

CANADA

AND

NEW BRUNSWICK;

WITH

AN APPENDIX.

MONTREAL:

PRINTEO BY DESBARATS & DERBISHIRE,

PRINTER TO THE ftUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY.

1844.

R E V R T

O.N Till';

BOUNDARY LINE

di:t\vi:k\ tiik provixcks of

CANADA AND NEW BKUNSAVICK.

LIST OF COXTEJsTS.

Nn. 1.-
'• 2.-

'• s —

'• 9.—

Vngc

-IiUroiliictiiry I.otli'r I

•Clenrrii'. KliiU'inciil i>ii lirhiill'orc.'aiimla 2

AViKliTii F.xirrinily "f llii' BaiuilivClmleiirs. — The itescriiUiuii ol'iU ponition, given ou tliu parlol New

Itniiiswii-k. slii'wn Id lii'iTroiii'oiis 8

Oriieral Drscn'plioii ol' the several localilici), deiiigimting the true posiliou of the Southern Bountlnry

Lhic of Canailn II

Uemarks on Dr. (Jo.-<ner's Statement concerning the Rnundary Line r,l

Ueinarka on Mr. Wilkinson'ii Iteport on tl\o same Biiliiect 10

Uemarks on Snmlry Stalenient.-* in relation to the Houndary Line, rontnined in Uespatchos ol' His
Excellency the Lieutenant (iuvernor ol" Xew Hruiwwick. a(|dre.-Jscd to the Ivi^'hl Ilonouihle Lord

Staidey, Her Majewty'.i Secrelary of State lor the Colonies IS

Statement concerniui^ the claiuH \vliich may be supposed to exist on the part of either of tlie. two
IVovinccrf, to parts of the Ui?^puted Territory, in virtm; of previous pos.sesHion or the exercise of

actual jnii:<diction 20

Appindix 2'J

\0. 1.

Montreal, SIst Augcst, 181I.

Sir,

In ohoilioncc lo the rcquirpmonts conlniticil in a ie!!cr
from the Honorable I). Daly, Secretary lor the I'ro-
vincc of Cnnnda, dalcd the ISlh of fictoher, 1813,
informing me that His Excellency the (iovernor Gene-
ral had been pleased to appoint me to be Commissioner
on behalf of the I'rovince of Canada, lo meet the Honor-
able Thomas UHJIlic, Surveyor General of the Province
of New Briins\vi(k, wlio had been named Commis-
sioner for that Province, with the object of endeavour-
ing to trace the boundary line between Canada and
New Urunswick, — and also, conveying to mo His Ex-
cellency's instructions in relation to the duties assigned
me, — I now have the honor to report the completion of
those dutie.s, and to present, for His Excellency's con-
sideration, a full Report, showing, from various indis-
putable authorities, the true position of every question
now pending, connected with the disputed boundary.

|l The Commissioner named on the part of New Uruns-
I wick had completed and delivered his report on the
J; boundary question previous lo the date of my instruc-
tions, and, at our first interview in New lJrun.swick, ho
informed me that he considered his duties in relation
thereto, to have terminated.

To prevent any misunderstanding, I addressed a let-
ter to him, previous to my departure to other parts
of the Province, adverting to the actual state of the
relations belwecn us, and still expressing my willing-
ness and di'sire to avail myself ol any suggestion from
him by which the objects of the Commission could he
facilitated, or more cflectually accomplished.

Mr. Bnillic never acknowledged the receipt of tisis
letter, and tacitly declined every further communica-
tion, personal or otiierwisc, with me.

I was ofTicially informed, however, the same day on
which my letter was written and despatched to Mr.
Haillie, that he had placed it in the hands of His Ex-
cellency the Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick.

[2]

I lliorcfore |>roccc(loil by mysulf to perl'orm 'liu ex-
nniiniilions iiml i'X|ili)riitiiiiis ium pssiiry fur fully iisrcr-
lainiliii lliL' irui) iiDnitlnH iiriniimlly inloncled mid ilrs-
cribiMl, liy llio Hiilisli Covuriiiiiriil, fur llii; NdiilliLTii
Imniid.iry' lino of the rrovince of (Jiiclwr, mid id«> lo
tiiid out mid iircnirf, wlieri; it was jiossililo, milIi dci-
tuiiii'iilnry aiilliorilii.'s as woulil scivo to rxpLilii or
sustain lliii jiosilions wliirli should liu uitiiiiiilLdy adopli'd.

Ill ilicsc explorations and rcscarclios I was rt'inarka-
lily successful.

Tlio natural fcaliiros of llMM'ciuntry were foiinil lobe
so stronulv inarkrd, [lartiriiliirly in llir viiinily of lliu
]!aiecli"*( lialeiir>i,(liat no doulil Knild ri'.isonalily i:xi>tiis
toilio I.Kul apiilio.iiioii ofilic Icriiis iiM'd in llio original
du.siri|ilions of llin soiillirin liouh.lary of Caiiaila, and
tlio rcMilt >lio\vslliat Nrw l!rini>wii k, so far from liuini,'
entiili'tl lo (I, dm anv adiiilional Icrrilory iVoin Canada,
is now aittially in |"i>si'ssion ul' nlioul -',:! l(t,('()0 acres
of territory, »/i(/»f.WH)/i(/W.iy Ciminliiii:, l\iiii; to llio
soiidi of liie l{i.<li;;onclie rivor, anil ea'.l of llie proloii-
fralioii ol lliu due ii'Mili line, formiiij.' die wcslcrn liinil
of New liriinswick.

In llie lari;c mass of diicunieiilary antliorily havini,'
relation lo the (|iiistiolis under eonsidecilion, it is a
curious fail, tlwl Midi aniliority li.is, in o\ury rave.
Iieeii f iiiiid favoralile lo tlie elainis nl' Canada, and, ef
course, iiid'avoralde lo tlio proli iisions of \uw liriins-
wick ; and it will lie seen lliat nio',1 of ilic positions
alleged, or atteni|iled lo lie siislailied, on ike pal I ipf tlie
latter I'roviiiec, adverse to llio el.iiinsof Canada, liiivc
been couriilid and complilely disproved kv i.ulliorilies
derived iVuiii dneuii.eiils f irinilig parts of ike puldic re-
cords ol' tkosame I'loviiiee.

Tlio clillieidties wliieli liave hillierlo been onrounlered
ill atleiiiptiiig to deeide upon llie pusitiinis of miHiivIe
/)r()7.v of tl.is JHiunikiiy, liave tiioMiy arisen from the
verv cireniii'-lanee that siieli parts were taken (linJHiicIl!/
instead of being cov.siderod in relation to the whole line
from the Hide ik's ( haleiirs to Ike sources el the Con-
nodicut river, as luiginall} deliued.

This was parlinikirly felt in divens-iiig llio claims
fornieilv maiiilaiiied by the I'nited Slates f .r territory
inuiiedialelv to the wesi of Ni'W Ijiniiswii k and adjuiii-
inif a portion of ikc southern boundary of Canada.

The ilescriplioii of that portion nrihe h.iniidary wkieli
is given in ihe treaty of 17^.J, ami on which the Ami'ri-
can (laims were founded, when taken by ilsidf would
fairlv admit of the iiiterprelation put upon it by ihat
"Dvernmcnl, allhoiigh iiof susceptible of such an inler-
jirctation if considered in coiineclioii with iho prc-
vionslv delined lines of separation between the adjacent
I'lilisb I'rnvinces, whicli woio sjiecially rcferied to and
recognized in tiie same treaty.

I5nt leavin;: this most improper and unprrfcvl mode
of dealiii" widi the ipieslion, by ar;,oimenls drawn from
detached piu'tions of the said (lcscri]itioii, (which, I ru-
grot to observe, has been adopled and tenncimisly in-
sisted upon on the part ol New liriinswick,) and ri'-
curring to the fads brought under consideration in llio
accompanying Keport, the conclusiim is inevitable, that
no dilllcnllv whatever can possibly he met with in
tracing the residue of the southern boundary of Canada,
on which the northern line of New Uriinswick is cn-
tirelv dependent, according to the descriptiims of Me
\cholc of the southern boundary of ihc former Province
of Que bee, given under the authority of tlu Uritisli
government in 17G3 and 1774.

I have tlie lionor to bo,
Sir,
Your most obedient and
Very humble servant,

A. WKLLS.

J. M. HiGOiNSON, Esquire,

Civil Secretary, &c. &c.

No. a.

Stalniicnl in rcUil'wn to Hit t'ntelllrd Ho<imliirf/
liiiiririt Ihc J'roiiiicin oj Cdiwilii and SilO
Itrumwick.

The western and northerly boini(lariosof\o\v JJriiiu-
wick, as lixeil by the |{o>al Aulhorily, are (k'sciibeil
ill the Coinniissiiuis of the (ioveriiors of that I'roviiico
IIS follows, viz ; —

i " Hounded on Iho westward by the mouth of ihc .A|.|in.li\,
" river Saint Croix, by the said nver to its source, •*-'
" and by a line drawn due iinrth from Iheni-e lo the

l" soiilherii liounckir\ of our l'iii\iiiee of (^uehec, tn ihu
" niMlhwaid bv the said lupuiidary as far as the wesli ril

, '• cxtrcmily of the Haie des Chaleiir,-."

j All descriptions of the same boundaries inserted A||riicli.\,
I in ihe Coniimssioiis nf the (ioveriiors of N'uva Scnlia, "
from the \ear I'ti'i, up lo the period when New
Itruiiswick was severed from that Province ami creeled
into a separate goveriimeiil, are in nearly tht< same
leiins and are precisely identical in their conslrnclioii
! with the descriplion aho\e recited.*

I The sonlhern boundary of the Province of t^ui bee,
'(now Canada,) .is ulerred lo in llie fnreuiiiiig des-
cription, is described in a Koval Proclainalion of 17tJJ
as follows, viz ; —

l| " From whence, (iho sonlli end of lake \ipis>im)
!j" liio said line crossing the river Saiiil Lawrence ami
■|" the Lake Champlain in 1.') degrees iif norlli laiilude,
^; " passesalong ihc hiL;hlani!s which divide Ihe rivers that
! " em|ily themselves into ibo said river Saint l.awr.'iico
j " lioiii I hose which fill into ihe si.'a, and also along the
" 1101 til coast of the Mali.' des Chaleiirs and the enasl of
j " the gulf of Saint Lawrence to t'ape Uosier."

' 'I'liP same hoimdary is again described in the impo-
[ rial Act of II lieor;;!' Ill — commonly called the (iue-
ii'C Act, in ike lidluwing terms, viz; —

" r luniied on the sunlh by a line from the Palo des

' Chakuirs, along llie liiL;lilanils which divide the

' rivers lliat empty iheinselies into ibe river S.iiiit

;" Lawrence, from lho>e whicli l.dl into the sea, lo a

" point in If) degrees of norlhern latitude, nil iheeaslerii

i" hank of the river Ccumecticiil, keeping the said la-

I" liliide directly wc<t ihrounh Lake (ihamplain, until

,; " ill the same latitude itineels the Saint Lawrence."

Desi riplions of lliis bnuiid.irv, similar lo the forego- Appcii.lix,
: iiig, are abn contained in the Coiumissions of the (io- •'-.
Vcrnors of Canada,

Tlio western boundary of New Prunswick, formed A[i[ii-n.lii,
by the river Saint Croix to its source, and iheiice by a ,'],''' **' '■*
due .Torlh line lo the sunthcrn liniils of Canada, was Map C.
explored so far hack as the years 1817 and 18IS, and
A line was then traced on n north course from Iho

\|l|H>l)l|l
-, 'lilll.l

\|i;.ni
I'.

\l,Mi A

\i'.

niul

i; * 111 llie C'ciiinnissiciii lo Moiilai;iie Welnint. cpquirc. a)v
1 |Hiinliii^r hini (invenior in C'liii'l' cuer the I'mvinri' of Nova
Si-ntia. cl-UnI 'Jlsl .\iivenilier, ITia llie boundaries in qucs-
' tiim are Uiua dewrihcd: —

I '• To tlie noriliwanl our saiil Province i-hall be bnundeil by
I " the soiilluTii liniiiiilary oldur I'roviiii-e of Unebcr. ns far as
j '-Ilie western extrciiiiiy'ol'llie Haie des ClinleurB ; lo llie ciist-
'• ward by llie saiil bay and llie (jidi'ol' Saint Lawrence, &r.,
" anil to ili(! we8twiiril. aliliough our said I'rovinre bath nn-
j " ciciidy extended and doili of riizbt extend, ns far as tJio
! '■ river I'entai^oet or I'eimbr^rot. it kIuiII be bounded by a lino
! '' drawn from Cape Sable across^ the eiilrancc of llie Bay of
i '• Kiindy to Ibe Miuulli of ibe river Saint Croix, by din (-aid
; " river to na Koiirce and by a line drawn due norlli from thence
I " lo the soutliern boundary of our colony of Uucbco.''

■'^l■|Tmli«,^^l

Al|rniliv,\ci

\ir i,ci.x,N>

\l:,|,.\.

y\pix!nilix, \ii

ApfirinliT, Xtt.
■I, 0, H, 'J niul
Id.
Map C.

miiirco iirilio Saint Crnix river for ii dislaiici) "f iiImhii
1'Ki.J inilos, ti'riiiiiiuliti){ lit otiu iif lliu suiirci s iil' lliu
Mi'lif riviT, wliicli l.ills iiilii (Ik: river Saint Luwii'iit'c.
\p|iin.lij,No. 'riiis norlli lino iiilcrsiclud (lio snniliurn liiMindary "('
■«, 'lull ;)l. Caiiiulii, im ili'liiit'il liy llm IJrilisli mivcrniniiit at iIk;
ilistancu III' alxint U iniirs rniin its cnniiTKiji'i'iiiiiit ut
tliu siiiirco iif lliu Saint Ctimx, and llii'ri'finf uxIuihIh
ii|iwardH iif lot iiiik-v, slill finllii'r In tliii nnrtliward nl'
that |iiiiiil, into llio |iri>|ii>r limits uC Caliailii n* su du-
lined liy liruat Uritaiii.

Tlie cx|dorMti(in mid siirvi y of iliis luiiiiiilary wi'ro
pnrriirincd at lint [N'rinds licHiru inciiliiMincd, inidiT tlie
JDiiit aniliiu'ily »r (ireat lirilaiii and llic; I'lnluil Slalis
III' Aincrica, the jiD-isi'ssiiiiis dl' ihi; laller |in\vi'r lieiiii;
liiiuiidt'd 111 |iart hy New llniiivwiek mi dn.' east, ami
liy tliu liritisli Caiiadiiill puysuiisidiis uii die nunji,

, The sDiilhern hniMid.iry nf the I'lMvineo nf f'anadii
(iir III' (JuehL'e as it is (h'sifrnai,.,! in die deseri|iliiiii) is
Iraeed in the I'lcld, nr deliiuliv idy dis|i(ised id' in its |iii-
siliiHi, rniiii ihe rive,- S.iiiil i.awreiiee, easluaiilly and
liiirlh-eastwarilly, In ihe iiieiidian ol'ihe weslern hiiiin-
duiy (if New IJriinsW ii k.

The niirth-easlerii part eflhis now sellh.'d ji iitiun ni'
the Canada line was IimmI hy cnnvenliDn.d ,irran!;r'-
inenls (Miieliiiled lielween Her Majes|\'s ij;iivcniiiienl
iilld Ihal iifllie rr.ileil Stales in LSij. lis leiininatinn
on tlie New Uniiewlelc fnmlier is al the piaei' urinlei'-
seclinn of the ninth line rroiii the' Saint (,'roi\ with the
river Saint .Inlin, lieiie^- ahuit o'>\ miles In the leuih
of tlie |iiiinl lielined as liel'nre nieiitmneil hy (lii'iit l!ri-
taiii, fjr the snutherii limit of Canaihi on that fniiilier.

The territorial limit of New Hrnnswiik in liie mean
time, has heen exteuili'd an far iioilh as to the Uisli-
gom.he river, whieh limits the pn.'sent i^ralits and civil
jiirisdieliiiMs of the ri's|ieelive I'ldvinces, mid lias heeii
laeitlv assumed, wilhniil reiiiniistranec nil the part of
C.inaila, as the diviilini; h mndary up In llio pri'sent
leriod, alth lunh L;iviiiL; In New 15nmswick several
iimilreds of llmiisands nf aeres of territory, ri!;litfnllv
lielnii;>;m^ In Canada, acenrdin;;- to the hnnnds speeiii-
callv assiLjned hei hi the paiciit slate, and snppm-ted in
principle as such hy the ileclar.itinns and de -Is of the
people and i;nveriuneiit of New Uriinswii k itself ihir-
iii;; the e\isleiiee of tlie iliU'cidlies in lelalinii to more
western p.irtiiuis nf tin; same hnimii.iry, which dilliciil-
ties were nnlv terminated in IdlJ, hy the del'iiiitive
treaty nf \Vashin;;tnn.

With this preliminary view of the authorities npnn
wiiich the (diiims nf the twn I'mvinces are (niindeil,
and of the actual position ol the e\istin|j; siilnlivisinns
lielween them, I will nnw piocced In stale ihu nature
ofthoidainis for additional territory made hy the au-
thorities of New t'rnnswick, ns contained in a repnri
mailu hv the Coimnissioner of that Province, appointed
for ilelcrminiii;^ the unsetlled hounilaries adjoiidni;
('anaila, dated al Frederieton, New Hrunswick, the
IJth day nf last Dctnher.

These claims heiiiir nf two classes, entirely distinct
in their nature, may perhaps he hest understnnd if slated
under separate heads.

M.ip A. The first of these roinprelii'nds a section nf country

situated entirely to the weal of the meridian nf the
source of llio river Saint Croix, belore described as the
western limit of New Brunsu ick.

This tract as shewn on the map of the New Brun-
swick Commissioner, and measured by the scale drawn
on the same map, passes on its north-weslcrn border,
about 10| miles from the river Saint Lawrence, at a
point nearly opposite the mouth of the river du Loup,

l'....vll,a).v 1'

nnd appmarhcs in within ;JG miles nf the cily of (jnc-
liec, Irniii which hitler place its sniitherii tcTinination is
distant uhuut UT inlk's, in a south soutli-eiistern dircc-
tinn,

i The diinelisinns nf the lerritnrv sn cninprehclideil,
accnrdiii<; to the saiiiu antlinril), are nearly as fol-
Inws : —

I' Length, nil prnliiniialinii nf
I north line frniii llio

Saint C'lnix G7 miles,

I " nf linrlh-westerii

i Imrihr :>75 "

" nf siiuth-easlern hnr-

der .'tl|> "

I " nfiiiiancenlialliiie. ' lfl» "

I " nf I'erliniler 513 "

Superficial cmilenis d,.").')!! Mpiare miles,

j " " l!,!)l,',UUt) acres.

Till' alinve dcscrihed trad, it mav he reinenihcrcd, M.ip A.
is situated (illiii^ilhvr In Ihe irrsl nf llio meridian of
ti ihe irinlcrn line nf New liiunswick,

|i The second liaci, which includes the residue of the
jl claim nf New Itiuiiswii k, enniprelieiids a part nf the
'I present pnssessimis nf (Camilla, lyini; cnnliijunns to the
|i prohinnalmn nf the due nnrlli hue limii the Saint Croix,
, nil the West, and joining the Kisiignuchc river on the
,, snuih-east.

Ij The eastern and nnrth-weslcrn honudaries nf this
j tract are Imaijiuary lines, traced mi the map ahnve

inentinued, heninliig at a pniut nii the Kistii,'nuclie
ij river, ahniil 17 miles ahnve its niniilh, and prnceedin'j,
I; llieuce, nearly on a maguelicallv nmlh cnurse, fnr a
ii distance nf ahiint .JG miles, thence west waidiv and snulh-
j weslwardly, ahmg ihe s.mrees nf the sireams llnwini'

intn the river Saint Lawrence, tn the due iinrth line
I frnin the Saint Crnis, meeliiiL; and eninciillier al that
! pnint wilh the sniith-westirii imaginary lino as herein-
; hefnre descrilied.
,(

j Arcnnlini; tn the map win renn it is delineated, the
■ dimeiisinns nf this tract are nearlv as follows : —

engtli, of south-east line
(l\ishi;ouclie river)

" of iinaniuary east-
ern line

" of imaginary north-
westerly line

" of west line (nlonp;
north line from Saint
Croix)

" of Perimeter

uperllcial cnntents

0,") miles.
UI3 "

4.3 «
207 "
2,8;!,") srpiare miles..
1,81.1,-100 aeres.

The whnio of this lies to Iho north of the Risti-
gnucho liver, as hefnre slated, and is therefore claimed
exclusively from the present possessions of Canada,
wilhnut incluiliiiga still larger extent of territory, now
actually possessed by New Brunswick to Iho south of
the Rislignuche, and situated to the north of the
sonllicin honnrlary of Canada, as set forth by the Al'I^n^ '^'o-
authority of the British government.* "'*''

It now remains to examine the grounds brought
forward in support of these claims. A reference to

• It lia.i! hccn stnteil nnilcr the Ranolion of the nuthority of AppcniC > , Nu
Great Uritaiii, that llie ilesiijnallon nf the Ristigouolic river ■*'»•
for tlie sonlhern hoiiiiihiry of Cniiuila was " perfeetly nrbi-
" Irary ami miRuppDrtei) hy any proof." this slateincnt forming
part of the tir^umeiit in fuvor of ihe soutlicrn line of boundary
passing Mars Hill.

1 1

i'j ,'(,:•, 1 1 in;.

y.. :- 11.

A; ;)'^nnx. No.
1 1 I.. l:i im-lu-

tlic np|iiirl tnndu l>\ llic CutniiiiMiiniior of New Itrim- 1 lliiil in mninliiinin!; ilicin <ilii' liml liriii m liii!; in liinl

«\vi(k, wliii'li is iiirr Illy lii'l'ini' tliu i;i>M'riiiiiriil, will , f.iilli I'mnriN ihc I'niU'il Stall's fur iiiiwuiiIn ul' hull

uliinv llial no K.ili'-r.ii liiry ri'iisiMis iiic tlirri' iilli'i;i'(l nr , n <i'iiliiiv licl'iirc.

nlli'iii|iti'il III I'l' «ii«l,iiiiril in »iii>|iiiil ul' iIiom- tliiinii.

'J'lie (inly imiilnil L'nuiniU ul' iii-iiniriil I'nr lliiit |iiii- 1 '|'||,. ,m.,„i,i1 ,,f i|,|.m. cinrliisiiiiis is CDn-ciiiirnt rnmi

)iiisc, nmsist in till' iimiiiii<lii<,i ,,r llii' |Miiii'i|ili' lliiil I ||„, iliM, II, „| ||,;,| ill,, |j|,.( j, ,|„„ (MrnTlli iisMiiiinl, iit

tlu' Miiillicrii iMiiiiiihiiy .p| ('iiii;iilii sImmIiI Im' ilnnvii j |„,ii|,j ,.s|,r,.sM.,| in llir Uvyort t>( llir Nr'w llniiiswick

rniiliiiiioiis!;/ .il.Mn; till' s ii's i.r sirriiiiis Cilliii.,' inlii ! , luims, will ii|i|ii'iir v\ iilinl iVuni llif slii;lili st ins|irrlii.ii

till' riMT S.iiiil l,:i\vicn(T, liNiii llir 111', ,1 ul Ihr H.iic' „|- ,1,,, ^ n, ,.„ii||,aiivini; llir CMiiin.hsiouriN Uciimt

ill's C'liiiU'iirslii 11 I'liilil in ■l.'iilc'Arirs nriinrlli liililiulr, i ^vlii'ic |||,, ,|,,||||,.|i, im.it „r ||„,«,.. ilninis is liiicnl
on lliu t'iisl li.ii.U ul llif (.'iiiiiii'clic'til livn-, ] |,r,.iis,'|y iilmii- ih,' Iuki (Mrniiily I'liiiliinlnl Cnr liy lliu

I'liiiril Sliili s, 111 its ciisicrU lrrinin;ilioii, iiml is t mi-
lt is in.li'ril iijliniinl in llml Iti'i'urt, iis n imikIu- i |i,|||,,,| j-,,,,,, ||„,,„.,, |„„iir,|s (''ii|ir Ui.sirr, I'm- ;i ilistinicu
SIM' iirt;iinirnl in LiMT nj ilic iinsiiiuns iiiti'iii|'tril In lie ; „|- ii[,w,irils i.f Kill iriili'S, to llii: iniiiu'iniirv lint' lirrnru
siistiiiniil, lliiil liii' lioiiiiiiiiry si.ili'Miilini, " is us ni|iii- ' ,|,,„.|i|„.||, iiiiccil rroiii n piiiiil mi iln' Itislijimii he iImt,
" Mr iiC licini; ilisnivni'il iiiiil niiukiil «iiM lis iiny ili'li- |;,f ,|„, ,„.,/,,,.„ |,„i,nil.irv ul' tluit purl ul' lliu claiins ul'
" nilu lini' iin tliu I'.ict' ul' llu; I'liilli." t \,,vv limnswick.

Altlm«(.li Hint sialrnirnt is williuut iluiilil, stiiitiy ; ^^ ^^^|| , , ^,,^^^ ,^_ ^|^^,^^. ^|^^^, ^,_^^^^, ^,^^^_^ ^^ ,^^

iriu- ,t 1.H ..l.viuiis 1 i;,t tins mill many uHht inrs ni.iy ,^.,|, ^,^ ,,,„ ,.,,,,„^^ ,,„.,.c.,Mu.nl I'lu.n lluin, nrc «l,n|lv

iilso lio sinliscriiiril 111 llii'ir iliH'rtiun us til 1)1' " ciiim- ,|.c,|,,,,| , i
" llir uf lii'ini; ilisi'uvrii'ii unil niiirki'il uiil," williuiit :

crciilinu' llii; inl'iTi'iici' tluil all sinli hill's rrmn lliiil rir- i . ,.,,.,

r.Mnsiaiin.' iiluni', .irr I'litiiixl li. llir ilistiialiun uf lit- | ""' l'i!;l'l»i"i;^ in.'nliuiM'il m tl,u Q.i.'Im',- Art, :„-

tuniin- l,uun.liint'.sul'ii'rr ril pusscssiuns. * ;io/ runiinuuiis l.'iw, , n ilii> |„.,nls wliirli ilir l„„„Hlary

Kruni ii ccniTiil virw ul' tlii' siiliieit, it wuiilil iipjii'm
lliiil iIh; NV'W Brniiswii-k Cunnuissiuin'r hail larilly
liihiplril twovoiy iinruiiiiili'il ami riiuiii'uus roiiiliisiuns
in nliilion In lliu iiuiihurn iHiiiiiiliiry ul' ihal I'ru-

viniL' : —

ilsiir is ri'ipiiii'il 111 coiiiii'i't, us il Was ruiiml that ihu

iliiiilin^ litir hi'lwi'i'ii the Miiln'i's ul slriiinis lluwiim

iiitii till' Saint Liiwroiirr tiliil iIium! ilisi.liaii;ili<; tlii'in-

si'lvi's ill iiilirr ilirri tiuns wuiilil iiui uppruarji cithi'i'

till' puiiit niriiiloiiiil in I j ilr;;ri'i's urnuitii hilitililc ur llii!

Iii'iiil ul' till' Itaiu ilrs Chali'iiis, lint pussi'd nuiili uf

liiiili, llir ilislaiiri' uf llii' hilli'i' piiinl hi'iiiL; iii'iirii til)

Isl.— rhiit Iho iluiiiis uf \,'\v limnswi.k wcru iik'n-,' i'"''^'''- ''"'''''' '' ''* 7'l""-i"'ii'' '" '•'•ininoii M'ti's,. t„

liij Willi tliusi' fiii-ninlv Mistuini'il ui,Minst Grcil! siippus.' fur » muini'iil llialthi' fiiiim rs u( tin: .h'snipi,,,,,

iiiilain hvthc L'liil.'.l StiLs. I >•'-'■' "".i,i,M»il 111" li'i" "i II"' '""Mies uf il,,' Saint

I.iiwri'iM'i' wiilcrs Id ha cuntiiiiiuns thrun^'liuut this

■|i;it, hv till

' (■iinvcnii.iiiiil nuUiii' oi thu tiralv 1""'"'"" "'' '''^' '"'iii"l'iO', "^ ■■""ili »" ii|'ini"n wunlil havo
iri'ut lirilaiii hail virlnullv iiilinillr'il ! i"Vulviil the M'ly .lUsiinl ami inipussihli' cundnsinii that

uf A\'ijs|iin<;ltiii, (irrut firilaiii hail virlniilly iiiliniilnl |
iii-r furmeri'liiinis In hi' inifciimilL'il, uml runM-ipioiilly ,

* It i« rcrtainly nut u litllr nirimiK ilinl tin' ( 'uiniiii^wionfr
fur .\p\v Uriiiiswirk ^Iioitlil liavi' ili'i'iiifii it iicrr*r^:iry insniir/t
for llir hia.l ul till' liaii' il'r. ( 'liali ur.: a- it' thai w'l'ri' iin iiii-
ili'liiinl pu.-.iiiuii, anil il is siill iiirirr hurprisiitir itiai lir slunilil.
ill till' t'ai't' of ivi'ry autliiiniy liavii M'li'i'ti il his •■ slartitiij
'■ |ii)iiil " 111! till' Histli'uiirlic river si:vir,il iiiili'K ulinvr ii.-i
iiiiiiith In till' Uiiic ill''' Cliali'urH.

tlit'sc siiuni'S Wiiiilil hi' fiiunil uti thu shnro ufun arm

The UKsiiniiil nortlii'rii diiirji' !« tlii'n'foriTnlin'lynrliitriiry
uiiil whiillv at varliiiit'i' uith tlir ih'si nptinn ut* thi' i-astfril
part ut tills liiiiiiulitr}' liiu'.

Iliil tlir iiin-t I'Xtninriliiiury fi atiirc nf tliiil Hi'imrt i.< tlic

. iliscrriiaiiri' wliicli ixists lii'twri n tlir ili'scnption srivrii uf tliii

wolrrri huiMiil:ir\ liiu* of iNcav Uriiii>wirk. unit llir saiiir liiir

as- iliaivii uii tlir t'uiiiiuisHiuiirrV iiiii|i. wliirli liiriiis a |>iu't uf

,..,,,., , , .,-. , 11"" itrawil '

It will lir shown in tlir L'riiinii ri purl mi tlir part ut I aniula ,|||. i{,,|„,|.|

in ri'hiliiin 111 this siili)rT!. ilial llir muiiili ut' il.r lii.^tiL'um-lir ! '

rivrr anil till' lirili! ul'lhr Ihlir llrs ( 'llil!rllr^■ lU'r hulll litlind ill j ,|,. ,. , , .... , . ,

.1 . .. i» II 1 . 1- I I I .1 . 1 i lir sunt irrii Iiuiiinlarv o ( a lai a. an hrrr ri'iiiri-rntrd

thr uv.ii 11 )al luuMr. iiliiiiil ]i nulls lirlmv that a«-iiiiiril I i i • i • i .'i ■ .- i , ',i ,

. . ■ . .) .1 . .1 ■ 1 .1 i» ■ I < >i I am r-laimril, wi rawii u 1 1 ,r map /7/A',v/Hi iw i/i;/(.i/'»/Ar ;mvY//.

•• s Mr 11'.' 11(1111 ,' hat I as rivrr an ir I air i I's ( ha riirs, ..., ,| , ...i , ' ', ... ,, . '""'"■

,■ ! ■ .1 ■ r .• .■ II . .1 u ir iKirt a ill rm 11 t ir wrslrni llir iiMNl'W I rilliswir i. till!

•r-prr ivrv. I'r iilli llir ihsliiiclnr iiaim s am r iiir:ic rrs H i .. . ■ , . i . .i .i . .i ' ' '" '"" lui-

tlir'plarr.,|-ll,rirrnni,iioiij„i„-ti,„ia,l.a!huiMr.aii,li,..warr. I^' "'r !■■ mi' t.-r,iiii:iitr,l. tu lir I'mtl, at he tnir puait ul itn

ai'.l'si the ilisi-uvrrv .'flhi'.cmiiiirv rvi r liiivr 1 ,i. m, "":''f''""" ".'"', I^^', 1'"''' "' ' '.';.^"" I"''''.' 1'"^' "I '"'""'■'

V:.;. A.

I'll I'MKi irt tl|iJll<r|MIII''ri piiMiii'Miiii l'illlliri»-|T.(-jlMI]i'lt ll|i

lU'ii siiifc the disrnvrry <»!' llu'-fi>imlr\ cvrr Inivr Iirrn. st
)ci!<i\vn iiiiil *li^lillL^lis|)l-(i ill Ilir piiltlji* (li)iMinirril^i ot'ltnlh Pro-
viiu'f.-'. imt fXiTpiin!.' tlm.'^i* of ri'i'dii tliilt.' uiulcr llii; liiiiul o!
Ill" r^urvi'yor (,Jciin;il or.Ni-\v liiiinswifk.

Vr->\n t!n'.-p riMi--i<U'ra(i<mH. it ifl nvidctit timt tlic (Icsijrnnlion
ol' tin- luail 111* tin- ]V.uv. th-t ClMiIoiirs ninl Hi-liu'ourlir rivrr,
a.^ jif^-^umtil on lIu* pnrt nf \p\v I'liinswjrti. < ;in muK- lit- \ IimvciI
ris ail atltiiipt tit L'ivc ii'-w litli-; in ihosi- L'raitil nalunil divi-
f^ions III' till' cntitilry. atul. thai smli an all'iiipl tan iiovcr In-
allownl t(i DjM'mli' to lln' iircimlirc ol'ilir prf-i->;i.-iinL' (li.-linct '
n«,''ht.: (iroMc nr (111' olIiiT ul'thi I'niviMi'Cf^. Tlif t 'nnirnissidncr
tr'H's nil ill till- h^aiiK* liijiorl to ntah' llial the linuTidary Mri''
Ironi llu' "stariiiiL' point'' H(It'rt''il !iv liiiii. "tvnvhl nni tihuvt
'■ mitli " to thf hiir|ii;i!Mis (IiH-rilM-il in tin" (iia-lMc Act. lui).
why it shoiilil run •• almiit norih *' in prt'l'cri'iuM* to any otiirr
(lircrliuii. rrtnair.s to he ascntaincil.

Tt cniiT;!)! he run rni that conrst' from any siippi).~)'«l rcI;ition
il nii;riit iIh'M po- ■!< .--^ with rr-^pi'i-t to ihr '.n-nria! din-ction of
till' n iptin il hoiiiiiliuy. a> iha' is iniirly •oit'lh-iris/. approacli-
iiii; loan *-y)/**w//(' cniirso trom that of thn < 'oainiissioncr ;
nt-itluT can it hi* po trarcil itii tho furore ot'proyiniify to the
liar of hi'j"h!ani|s now rlaiincd l>y Nt w Unia.-wick. a^^ tho>-r
lii^rlilaiiils art' lo'aiil h>-; rciaolt' iVoni ill'* ahovc '■ slartiiM/
••point" in varicnv ntlar din'rtioiis nion- roiiliirniahli' to tin'
courst'of tlip hoiiml'iry. I.a^ily. a line rannol he ran Ironi tliis
^'xtartiii'S piiiut. alioai north" ami at thi' same tiijif follow aioiiL'
any hijrlihinds liKi- ihu-c ihsrrihnl in thr Uiichcr Art. a-:sinli
a line wonlil only pa.--- amoii'j' Pln-anis raliing into the I'i^li-
irouclii; river anil Uuio dusChaleiirs.

Apiiemi

* A|t n>l

W»;.A.

whiili wasmilnl hy thr treaty uf Wii'-hiiiL'tun.

It mii.'iil iiatiirilly have lirrii suppu'-nl. in nihiptinir a murr Amfnill.T Ni.
rriiiulr |)(..-iii(ai liir llir mirthrrii limit ul' Ni w I'rimswirk, that -j. '' '

the ('umiiii.siiii.rr wuiiM have scrii thr mcrssity uf also
rxlvililill|,y tlir wrslrni liur lit' thr I'ruvilii'r tu thr siiiiir puilit,
fur !.'•» iiii,' fuiiir rohir uf riiiisislrnrj tu that r.xlrmlrd rliiini,
Imt, huwrvrr straiii^u It iiui}" srriii, hiirli ilrrs i;ul apprar tii
liiwe brrn the result.

Thr wrstrrn liuiimlary liur, allliuuHi ilrsciihrd hy the
('ummissiipiKT in llir siinir lirpurt as rMriidiiiL' un a iliii!
iiuitli rmir-ic tn llu- mntlhini Ihii'ikIiiiij (;/' ('(iihkIii. is iirvrr-
Ihrlrss trrmiiialc d 117 niiirs hrlnrr it r'nu'-lirs thai limii. as he
lias srrii til tu drliur it. and it is iliruiKjIi thr I'l;/; lilt liy thin
uiiiissiiai that the prrti n. iuiis ul'Ai w llnmswiili iirr imidr to
rxtriid suiuh-wotrrly I'or a inraii disiaiirr uf ahuiit |s|i miles,
furminj; thr must luiisidi ralilr part iifher presrm riaims.

The omfsBinn. on thr \i'\v nmnswirk ninp. of llint portion
nf thr (Inr north Miir, whrtlirr arridrntal or de^it'iiril. is how-
rvrr uf v( ry liillr iiiipurlaiirr. as iiu rlaimuf riglil ran pussildy
hr Bii^iaiiir.l lai the part ul'.Nrw Hr.iiiswirk, tu any trrrilurira
wlial.--urvrr tu llir wi st uf her drliiiril wrslrni hui'indary, that
huundary I'luiu llir rxpliiii iialnrr ut'tlir trriiis in wliirli it is so
ddiiicd. hriiii.' in.srparahly ruiiurrird with llir soutlirrn lino
uf raiiaila.whrn'vrr the lattrrimiv he nlnreil

M..|,.V.

Vav IS

Art

plnreil in virtue ot'the.
itliurity 1)1' the lloyal I'loclniualion of \Wi. ur llie Uuebcc

[•']

A|>|icji'lis,

■

A\f ricli\,

Uil^A.

A]ijTn<li.T, N(»

M.H< A.

(if lli« M.'ii, lyiiii; Im'Iivv till; Irviil iil' llin ^l^(•ilm!l lliciii-

M.'lvi'S, lllhl li:l llll' ll.lllk III' U (ItliSlllunilllu riU'l, llllllllll){

ill II i:iinli'Hr) illii.'iliiiii,

TliiMip;lil,ini!« ii|icc'i|ir:illv m'I firlli in iIjc (Jtii'licr
Ai'l, iiiiil iilliir il>'>irii{ili(iiis III' llii.t liiiuiiil.ii V, iiiiisl
lliiTrliMi! Ill' nrri:i;iili/ iMriM mily llii' liiiiMIr |i,ii't nl'
till' >;ili|i', nil I llll' |Misiiiniis III' ilii^ Iwii rxIn'Mii's, rruin
llmsr lii'^lil,iiiiKli'''n' iri|iiln il |iiiinl ill IJili'nii't'.MiriiDrlli
I ilihiili' nil iImi viiilii-Wi'sl, iilhj rinin llii.' .■«ilili' llii;liLiliil.s
I1.1 till.' Iii'ail nl'lliii lliiii: ili'-> ('ii.iii'iirs on llii' linrlli-iuisl,
li.ivi: III III' ili'iliiii'il rniiii a t'liiiliiiii'ij mill iliii' I'liiiMiliT-
nliiMi u( llll! Inr.il rt'.iliiir> III' lliu ('iniii(r\, uiiil lliu
t'Viiii'iit iiiU'iit III' lliL' iliM riiilmii ilsclC.

•N'o. Il li:is I. hi;,' <ill('r ImH'Ii ili'iiilni, lil'liT I'Sll'llilnl illVrnli-
^''iliiiii'' iil'lliii Mil i'l I liy lli'iic i'iii|il<i\i'il I'm' llll' |>iii'|iii>ii'
iiy lliii Miilivli t'iViMiuiii'iit, lliiit a rnarlii'il iiiiil wrll
Hrlili:'!! raiiv;!^ "I liinlll.iiiils, rxlilnlinj; I'liiiii lliiisi' iiMirc
liaiiinilarly ildiiii'il, in Mm ili'sriiiitjniis, l<i llm llaii'
<li"< I'liali'iirs, w.is Mil! liiviiliii'^ lino iiili'iiilril in Miu
I'i'iiL'laiiialiiiii III' nil,!, aiiil Mii' (jiii'lii'C Ar' nl' 177 I, ini :,
Mill lini'Mi-caNlLMii jiait nrilils liiiiiiiilai V, llii' tliaiiiii'l nl'i

\u. Mil! Ciiiini'i'liciii riviT il:*rlf linviii'^ In rii pri.'Vinibh ;
ili'lini'il lis lliu rmiiii'riiii:; pari nl' tin' IMiMi-\vt'>li'ni |
('\lri'iiiily, Mills ('ii:ii|>li.'liiii{ Mm riillrr Inn.' I'rnin Mir i
Halt' ill's ('lialc'iirii tn lliu piiialli.! nf Ij : nf nnitli ^
Intitiiilu. li

Tliis liiii", rnnrinnri! In till' pisiliiin so i!ssii;ni'il jl liv [
li.'pi'aji'il arl> a Mil ili'i'liiraliniis uinli'r llir aiilliniily iifllii' '
L'niljil Kiii<;il>iiii, i.s slirwii nil Mil' niap arriiinpanyin<i'|
(! ' slali'ini'iil, mill I'irnis llit- nnly limit nl' Mm ninlui- '
niinniis parts nl' Caiiinla ami Ni'W lliiiiiswick, 11s llii'V !
nru inw rmisliliili'il, wliii li lias lii'i'ii ili'iliirril or ili'lincil I
liy till! paraninuiit anllinrily nrtliu liiilisli Cniwn.* |

Hut it is liy no m^.Tiis 1 1 lii! iiiforri'il llial llie slriMiijtli j
III' Mie rliiini nf C'aiiaila rr.^l.s snli.'ly niiil evcliisivi'lv nii
llm weiijlit nf Mie aiiliinrily liy wliirli llm pnsilinn nf |
till! part nf Imr .sniillicrn liniiiKliiry, lunv iiiiili'r (■nnsjiior- I
iitinn, li.is liiii'ii iliiiliii'i'il I'lnin tin.' nri<;illiil ilusrripliiiiis {
cnnlainril in llm I'mclaiiiatiiin nl' I'UJ, anil llii' (^iiu'Iht
Act ol 1774.

It roqnircs nn vory oxtiMulnl rnnsiiii'ralinn of llio
siiliji.'i't III reii'liT il porfi'dly iniilnil, Miat llm vinw nf
tlio (pii'sliiiii, (aki'ii liy llm lUilisli gnverinnuiit, is cor-
rect anil Just invvery paiticular.

Tlie liiiiiiiil.iry as ilesrriliod is to lin a liiii', lliis line
«Miniici;liiii.; two ili'fiiii.'il pninls, wliirli iiri,' at llii-
cxtirinities tliurf-nf, anil passiii!; iiloii!^ crrlain ilt'lini'd
liipililanils fur ini inik'fiiiili; ilistaiicu in .soiim parts uftim
intunncdiatu space.

TI'O two extreme points nf iliis lino, niiil ronse- 1
qiiently, its s^oiieral ilirertinii caiinnt lie inistalicn, and
tlio posiliiiii and exli'iil of the specilii'd lii;;lilaniis, atom:;
\vlii<di tim line lias In pass in its rmir.sc lietween llinse
)iiiiiils, are now, also, well known and estalilislicd.
TImsc liinlilaiids extend from Mie sin;rit(> of the Cnn-
liccticnt river, nnrtli-eastwiirdly, fur a distanre of up-
wards of 100 miles ill tliu reipiircd direction, am

j teriiiiiMli' Di'iir tlie sniiree nf tlie Mi'tucrnirlle riiiT, np ,',1, ,.'nili\ ,.'>(
j In wlinli pmiit Mil.' ai In. illy .'xisinn; .s<iiiilii'iii liiMindary m
i uf I'lilllidu In traced lilnlu;' llm Iniu nl tin 11 i^reatest

lelcvuliiin.

I .\t tIm alinvi' pninl tin' iniiliniiily nf llieso liii;lil.inils .\l.i|..\,
is liiuki'ii, and till' sU'i'aliis j'alliih^ into llm Saint
i.aw'n'iii'i' as will lis lli'isn ili.M'liait^int; in iilii''r direi'-
limis, have their sniirris in 11 lar|rii .'.w.iiiip, nr iFiii t of
ili'iid lilt 1 Miinlry, i.'Xti'iiilini{ iii.inv null's tn the iimih-
W'lril. 'I'lii' liim of ilirri'tinn of Mie 1 niiiinnn S'liirci-s nf
llinse streiiiiis at Mie SiiiiH' tiliie liiki'S a ii'iriherii and flu n
a nniMi-wi'sli'rii rninm', Iraillni; far in llie iiitiIi ol any
position wliii'li rmifl III! list rilii'il to the liniiiidiiry as
M'I forth III Mil' (jiii'lii'C. Act, and, al'ii'r passin;,' llm
pniti'Hi of ll.it ciMinlry iih'ive iiiiiiiiniii'd and ai;aiii
assuiniiii; a neiii'raliy iinitli-eiisli'ni miirsi', It pa.sses
niiiiv niiles In the mirth nf the wliiile llm Mi tnasl nf
the Mail' lies ( ^hiilt'iiis, and linally terininali'S a lew
miles I'niin Mie river iniil f;iih' of Saint Lawrence near
(ape Itosiel's.

Hut ;;llh'iiiu;li Mm line nf Iniihlandsdirecllv iiinnerteil .ApiiTi li.i.N,..
with .siiiiri'es of slicanis fallnit; into Mm .Saint Law-"''''
reiice, reuses iit the p'lint ln'l'nre slaleil, the ht^hhind
rRli!.'e it.self slill eiinliniies in the direelinii nf tin: IVil,!
lies Cliali'ins, fnnniii;;' wilh that prni'"i'ililii; frnin llie
sniiri'o nf the Ciiniif rliiiit river, a ennliininim line In Mm
required ilirei linn. It is iilnii:; this cnnlimiatinn nf tin;
line nf hii^hhiiiils set I'm Ml in the prorLiination of I7li,!
and the (iuiliec .\( t nf 177 I, that tie line fur tlio
sniithern buimilary nl Can nhi, has '.reii l.iid dnwii, iis
lilreailv staled, liy (ire, it Mrilaiii, i:iid lieariin; in mind
the nhvlniis fact that il eiiiild never have lii'eli imiii^ineil
liy the fraliii'i's nf eillier nf tho<n ducnmenls that the
hinhlands maintained their siiei-ille cliaraeter llirniinh-
iiiit the wlii.li' distance, llm cniiehisinii is llieiiee int'vit-
nhle, that tins lini; as si delined liy (ireat Hrlt.iin, is,
in every parliciilar cimfiiiin.ilile In the laiii^iiaire ami
intent nf the descriptions frnlii which its pnsilinn is
reijiliri'd tn he esliiblished.

Pao' 18,

♦ It in true llmt llm claim of Orcnt Rrilnln was ansrrteil
ppecially in respecl to n part of the lininiilary, tiriiiiniiliivr on
the western line iif .New Dninswii'k. lint, it "will hr shown in
niiotlier part of tlii..i Btatemi'iit that the ea.sli'm lerniinatiiin
of that secliiin iit' the boumlary on the we-ili'm line of New
Ilriinswii-k, wan at the Hanie tii'ae ili'linril as llii' norlli-wesl
iinille nf that Province. As this- angle coulil only lie formed
by the intersection of the northern nnil western lines of the ,
I'riivince, anil the northern line waw a part ol" tlie cnntinnniis
boiinilaiy ofCnnaila, it must of conrsi' follow that the acts
anil ilerlaralions of Great Hrilain in relation to the part of the
boumlary joinimr the American possessions, diillikewise speci-
fically apply mill extend to the whole line up to tlic Ijaie des
Chaleurs,

Had the sp.iee lielween the Haii' drs riialeiirs and
the hii^hlaiids of the treaty rnnlalned no ciiiiliiinatinii
nf hii;lilaiiils, the pnrlinn nf llm hniimlarv passiii<r
lhron;;li that sp.iee must of course have been drawn in
a rii.';hl line ; the lational as well as the lejial const riictioti
nf such desiriplinns beini; lo connect <;iveii pnint.s,
lyinn remnte I'miii each other, with right lines, when tin
ren.soiis nf siilllcieiit weight cm be nddiiced for niiv
special deviation, eillier way, in other directions. In
this instance, however, as there ncliially exists 11 con-
tinuation nf the leliiied range of liighlaiids, the nn-
avnidable inference must be in favour nf their ailoplinii
fur Mie purposes of the present boundary.

It now remains to show that the present claim.";
of New llrnnswick are not idenliliabic with tlinsc
fnrmerly maintained by the government of the United
States against (ireal Hrilain, and that the cotiventinnal
arrangemenis rnnclnded between ihnse two powers at
the treaty nf Washington, in 18.1'2, only ntl'ect the
soiitliern limit of Canada entirely to the west of any
part of New Hrnnswick.

The second nrticlo of tlic treaty of 1733, on which
llio .'imerican claims were founded thus describes the
li'.iindaries in (lueslion, viz : — " From llio north-west Apprmlik
"angle of >fova Scntin, viz : — that angle which is •!'-•
" formed by n line drawn due north from the sourctj
" of the Saint Croix river to the highlands ; along the
" said highlands which divide those rivers that empty
" themselves into the river Saint Lawrence from tlio.sc
" which fall into the Atlantic ocean lo the nortli-
" westernmo.st head of Conncclicnt river, thence down
" along the middle of that river to the 45th degree of north
" latitude, east by a line to be drawn along the middle

No.

['M

" of ilm river Sniiit Cniix, fiom il» immili in ilu' M.i)
" iif Fuiiclv In in miiirrii ; mul frmii il» wninn iliri'illy '
" iKirlli 111 lliu iil.iriM.iiti iii(tlilHn(l», wliidi iliviilii Ilu-
" nwrs llml lill i"l'i 'li'' Allaiilii; (himii Iroiii llnxu
" wliitli fall inl.p liiu rntr S.mil l-awnnci."

On romimriiii; llio liinKHiiKP "f llio fonmiinK (ici"-
ni|ilic)ii!. Willi llhil hc1.i|i1.mI III ilrrmiiiK lln' iMaiiiilariis
111 ('aii.iilaaiiil Niw lliiiliNWirk (lli" lalln llicii runiiiii.j;
[lart III' Niiva Smlia,) lliu iMlUiwiiig roiii liiinni" liimim;
lll'lU••ll^llallly ot lili'lit.

l»t.— Tluii ilic ciiMiTii line iif 111" Ameridin luMinilary,
as M'l lorlh in llai Iri.ilV nf \'^-\ i» iili'iilii ally llir
(.'line Willi llic wi'^liiii lioiiiiilary nl'N'i'W lliunswick,
from il» riiiiiiui'iifi'nic'iit al llir iimiiili <il' lIu' rivir
Saint Ciiiix, ti' ilt iiimiIhtii luininatKin nil llir
mnillii'iM liiiiiialary hI' CaiiiKla.*

oni|,_'|'||,,|t|i(<ncirlli''rnrnii''i|'ilii' Anii'ilranliniinilaty,
licionliiii; In lliu lii'iily of n^i.l. was iiilinli'il In lie
till' s.iinu iiK lln' N.iiilln'rn liniiinl.iry iif ('.niaila.as I'ar
liH ll.': Amt'rii-an tcrrilnrics ('VIi'IhIi'iI In iLe rasl.

Till' >inii!;irily nf lan'jiiaijc in lln' iIi'M'iiplinns will nl
ilsc'lf >li.i\v lliat tlir Anii'iitaii and C.in.iiliaii ImnnilaniN !
won) Ilm nainu iV.mi llio MUiri rs n| llii' Cnnnuclinil
riKT 1.1 ilii) wvsltrn linu of Nnva Sioli.i, ami lln'
ilrliiiilliin i^ivi'ii in lln; IiimIv nf iIil> iminl nf iiii.TM'i linn ,
uf ill'' I .islrrn iimi iMillifin lini-> nf ilio Aincnciin ij
iL'rnliii*, '1* I'l'inu, " "" nt)illi-n<i:Ht (di^'/c of Soctil
" .SVw/iii," cnnsliluli's till' lafl nmi'liisiMly, lirynnil
llie ri'arli cf a. 'nirii'iil, llint snili wa* lili rally lliu
iiiiunli.iii uf llii! I'uaiy, as llin norlhcni liiu' nf Nova '
Scoii.iw.iMHily ili'liia'il a>lii/ni;;a iiail of iliu cnnlinnnns
iMiiml.iry «( C'anaila, ami llic nnilli-wi'>l .m-lr nl Nnva j
Sriilia, limsl nf niuiSL' liavc liccn furiiicil I'V llic inUT- ,
sfclinii uf lior noiiliLTii ami wchUiii ImamlariL's. j

Fintii a run^iiliTalinn uf llirse fcalmcs nf 'In' i ii'-e, il

liei- u, siill innri; i viilmt lliat Nuw I'nniswid ran '

iiiainlain m> claims I'nr lortilnry In llio west nf a nnrlli
liiu' liuni llii-' Miniio nf lln' riviT Sainl ('mix, and llial
the ilL-lormiiiaiinn nf lIu' snnllicrii liuiimKiry nf Canada,
from till' wust np I > lli<-' nurlli-wcsl ,iii;lu nf \cw
lirutl^wilk,alsn (lil.'iiiilncs iln,' pnsiiiun uf il,c icsidni:
uf lii.il li.iniidan , and uunMiiin nlly, nf lliu wlmlu uf lliu
nnrlhuni Imniulary nf Nuw liriin>witk.

Tlie ])nin; at wliii li llic soulliurn linu nf ("annda
nieuls lliu wuilurn llliu uf .\uw l!rnn>wiuk, and i msu-
(|nunlly fuinis iliu iiurlli-wusl iini;lu nf lliu lallur, In-
truilirr' Willi lliu pnsilinn ul' lliu ('.in.iila Imundaiy m ilic
wusl uf llial piiiiil, aru tlms laid duwn uii lliu piirt nf
Groal lirilaiii, in lliu lirsl slaluniulil laid liufuii; lliu Kili;j,'
of tlie Nulliuildiids, viz : —

A|v

I :>,

in.

'H.!ii,No.
^, II anJ

A|i|i iiJix,X.>,

Tliu iil'-nlity of tlii^ river Saint Cmix wn:) rnrnicrly a
sulin'i'l 111' ililluniicu in ll.u rasu nladvurfu lurrilniial el liiiw
lieUvui'ii Ihu l'ri)\vii> nl'KiMiin' ami lirral I'.rilaiii. thu lalln-
(■(iiilumliiiL' 111 il lliu ruiila!.'<ul 'ir runiilwcul rivi r \va;< tliu oiiu
oriijinally iiiluiidud liy lliat iiaiiir.

Tliu.-u ilipi'ii.--;ji(iiis wciT turniiiialud in llic(iiial cvmiiia-sl. Iiy
ihu Hrin.-li anus, nl' iliu uiiiirr icrriiury in ili-piii''. in. 'I. in
assinniii;,' lU'W liiai'-': In lliu <'uai|Ui.k-il I'lcuiiiruH. (iruat
lirilain uxpn w!v ruslriulud thu wuKiurii hmaidary of Nova
Sciiiia to 'liu uaslunmiost of the two rivi r^

I)onlil« wuru allurwards raised ai, illiiiilliu'! ciiBiiud in
relation ti) llic [lariii'vilar braiirli of liiu river Saial (.'mix
intuiided in thu deseriplinii ol' Nova Senlia. and repented in
the irealy coiirludrd with the United Stales In I7b;t, but all
Buch diliiiMilties were f iilisecinently cetlled between the (foverii-
ineiils of Great lirilain and the Unituil StJitcs, and thu explora-
tory <lnc north line iiruvionsly trnred under the, iiuthority of
the two mivernnients rroin tlie Foiirec of Ihc northern branch
of the Saint Croix, was (innlly confirmed as the permnnent
boundary line, by the definitive treaty concluded in 1812, at
'Washington.

" (irrni liriluin ciiiilumlallnit l)io piiiiillliiiiiilrii'rilwd A||hii<IIi,Nii.
" ih fniind III nr near an tduvalinii lulled Miirii Mill,'"'

" wlili'li in »iliialiil in II due nurlli line iVuin lliu unurra
" nf lliu Saint ('riii\ riMr, iind viiilli nftliu riM'r Siiiiit
" Jnlin, thai lliu liiiililanili inlundeij liy lliu liualy ( nf
" I7M:1) aril lliiiM' uxlundiui; finni lliiil pnilil In lliu (^ili-
" liciliiill ri\er."*

It niiiy III) oliscrvi'd llml tlio uliiuclinini rninril iin llio

part nf lliit Ciiilii! Slaleit hi lliu liiiu asilulinuil and i nii-
lundud I'nr by (irual lirilain, duiiuil lliuir prim ipal
Klfuni;lli liniii lli(> rircninslam |. llial niily a part uf ilio
liuiiiiilary nf Canada, as orii;iiiall\ duv rihud, w>i> in-
uhnlud III lliu dux liplluii nf lliu liu.ily nf I'M,),

Il lia-i alruady liuun sliuwn llml il was iml pn«sildu I'nr raucn I mul ^.
(01,1/ linu In liu Inn I'd I'lniii lliu liuail uf ihe ll.iiu duH
Clialuiirs, iiniiiudialuly aluiu.^ ihu iu^.;iniis nf ihu sniKres
nf slruuiiiN falliiii.^ inin lliu Sainl l.awiuiicu, lull it i*
(|Uili' puNMlile fur II linu In uxlund cunlin'.inuslv, iilnii;;
siirli suinruN, fruiii u p<iinl in lliu inuridiaii nf lliu mhih'u
nf lliu Sainl Cnils river, In lliu limil nf Cniinuuliiiit
ri\ur, am! lliu linu nf iliu Irualy uf \'S^ only iMtliduil
ea'lu .Hilly In lliat na iidiaii.

Till! Ai.iuriuans elailnud all lliu lurrllnry, siliialtd lo
lliu wusl i>( that line, up In lliu llUu nf llie suilicus nf lliu

Saint Liiwreiicu wiilir*, an I'ar ii» lliu Cnniiei'iiuni river,

* 'I'liu priinilivu »iihdi\i^ii.ii of New llriiiiswi.'li into niiiiilien Apwiidii No.
was , III I h'll in Ihu year i;^'i. I.y llii' aiiilnaily of llnjal Let. Kb .uul •:«,'
\rVH i'aleiil iii.dur llie tirial Seal nf llml l'ni> iiiVu. An'oiilin({
til thill fuhiii'. isiiin the only eoiinlii h. ai'Imilly loiirliiiii; Ihu
iiiirilieni limits III thu I'rosiiiru wi ru thn-e of iXnrlliiiiiilierliiiiil
ami V"-li. till' biiiaulaiius of w liirli in ihu I.ullers Ian .it iveru
lliiii- diKuribuil, le^|•elllvl'ly, vi'/. : —

S'lilhitiiilirrhliiil,— '- rinnndui! mntlierly by the i-oiinty of
Wesliiiorulaml. iiifliilij liij tlir i:iill i;/ Siiiiil l.iiirri iin uiiil
lilt lliiir ilin Cliiilr'nM : iKiillii ill/ III) llii ftuil l!((ii mill Ihe
yiil'lili t II hull Uf lit I'll "J till- I'ti'l iin'v i I Hih hn\ and westurlv by
a I'liiiiiiaialiiiii of iliu wusiurn buiuiilaiy linu of tlie ^aal i-uiinty
nf Wei.lmiii'i land.''

>'i)i'/f.—" Hounded on the Foiilli-wesl by riiailollu eiainty,
on Ihu niirlh-uasl by lliu emu ty nf .Ni.iili'iinihi'rlard ; ini Ihe
ii'iilli-ifx: l.ijlhi I'n.riiii-i III (i'ltilnr. iiml on Ihu Miiilh-ea.Jl liy
Ihu nnrlli liiniiiilary liiirnf the lll»ll^hipllf .Mannei ville, and by
Ihe .-aid line riiiiliii'ind lu lliu nonlMvi si ijlj iinii elsthe westrrii
bouail.^ Iif iMni-ilimaberland eoiiiily. and sniilli wft to the
ia.sleni hinaiilai') uf llie eoiailv oft li.'irloiie.'' 'I'lie rifrreiu'i a
iiiiitaiiiuil ill lliu fnri.L'iiiiiL' iluBeripliiiiis. lo IhiiBi' [iiirlM of Ilm
s'lulhini l.iiiiiiiliirv of Canada, wliii'h liiriii llie iii/rllierii limit
of .New IJniiiswu'li are biiflilj iinpnrlani, from llie ii^'ht they
tlir.iw on till' (lueslions now under eoiuidi'ration in rei,(ieel lo
llie fame biaiiiilary.

Il will 111 siiii from thence that the county of .Nnrtliumbcr-

laad wasbiaiiuleil frfl iiieltrlii uml Ihi ,i vi'lhi ihi\,\ Ibellaie
ill s (.'liulinrs. anil theiire that the risidiiu of ilir' luulhirii
hoiiiiilary was fnniied by the .mhiiIi line of iln' I'rnsincuof
(luebui'.

This ciiiintylhen iliil v t i.ih ml Inlhi iwiih nfihi lliiicdfs
( hiilii'itt. as that \\iMiid have ransed iih inslini luuindary to
have liein furmed in part by llie wiftnii line of th,. IVovincu
of (liielin., As it is thus roiisliliiii.d ihat the boiimlary of
Caiiada i-iiiii,i,l uMuiiil iii,illiiilij fi'oin tlie l!aie ihs CbaleiirK ; !

Ihe next slip is In iisi-iTlaiii. if po'ssibh'. from the Kinie autborilv,
the din iiion in wbicli the same niusl be traced.

Ample and ninsl ronrhisive anllmriiy rordui-iilinir |b|B (-lucR-
tinii is fiiiiiid ill Ihuileri'riplion of the riiunly nf '^'ork. (In re-
firinu In Ihal disi-riplion it will be seen Ibai the coiinly of York

was boimdud i.ii Ihe iiviili-irml by the rniviiire ofduebec;

I from whenre follows Ihe unavoidabh' inference tlmttbe roiit'er-
I miniiUB limit ol ibe I'rovince of diiehee. inusl liuvc cMcndeU
I ill a soiithweslern and iiorlh-eai,lern liircctioii.

Thu above duscripiions were, of course, intemled lo be
pubordiimte lo the delinilinn of the frenernl liniltK of the Pro-
vince, m lliose limiiR had b. en fixed In 1763. niul the evidence
tliey alford is therefore parlu-ularly vahiiible from the fact that
It fully explains Ihu iaturpretalion then given to Ihe lani;unKe
oflhe Quebec Act in Inlurcolonial relalionp, mid ehewe that
this inlerprctnlion is the same with that claimed on Ihe part of
Great Briialn in relation to ii foreign glate.

^Ilp(>nlli
13.

A iiik'ad
M.

Mai, -^

PlifCIl

ApiK'n
III

.M.11. I

[7]

A||.ll.lil,N,..

rni-i' I mill y.

Appiiiili»,N(.

•-'>' .Hill ill.

nnd ll iiinil Im inliiiilli'il llint \\w l,iii';u.ii(i' nf llin Iri'niy,

ifliiki-ii liy ilvir, Will I ri'Ccrriiii' lo oilior iiiiilMirllv,

wmild III li'iiHt wiirriiiil iln' |iri'»iiiii|ilinii tlmt micli n
il.uin iiii)(lil nut Ihivo liiuii wlmlly iiiil'iniiiili il.

Bui n» llitiro wcri', in lln< •iiinn trriity, diri'd rclV'ri'n-
con iiiiiiln III iilri'iiilv I'liriiililiili'il iiiul ri'rii);nixi'il niiIhIi-
viniiiiK III' till! iiilj.iriiiil MiiIinIi |iii>i>>i'««i<mih, iiiiiI <Iiii Iiiiis
liiiiiiiilini; lliiiHU MiliilivjniiiMH wriu lliii Miinn Willi llic
ll Hiiuliiiii'H ill |i;irl K''l I'lirlli liy llii' Iniily, llio riilinniil
mill iiliiiviililiililii inrcri'lHii wmil'l sri'iii In In', lli.it tliii
pnviiMis ill liiiili. Ills III' llni liliiilD uI'mii ll rt'rii;;lii/i'il mili-
lll\ iviiitiH ii\ii>>t 'h< I.iKi'Ii ililii riMiiili'liilliili I'lilijiiihll)
Willi llio iloM'i'i|itiiiiiN of tlii.'iii ){i\iii ill lliu tri'iily.

-^ In iiilo|itini; llin liillcr view nl llic i|iii'sliiiii, il i» I'vi-
ijl''""" ' lli'lil lli.il (iri'iit Milium "lily rliiininl iii riiiiliiii( In llir
olniiiils iiiti'iil r llii- lii'iilv ilM'ir, lis llii' liilii;iiimir III
tlilit iliii iiiiii'iU IS ii|i|iliriililu III llir liiiiliiiliiry ili'MTiliril
in till' IJiii'iir Act mill cliiiiiiiil liy tiical Itriliiiii, iil-
tliiMii;li iiiliiiiiliii^' III' II iiiiiri.' I' \ trill In I niiiiilnirtiiin wliuti
I'lintiiliMi'il <i|Hirl I'riiiii hiIht rnllaturiil aiilliiMitii.'H,

Tliis, il IS |iri'siiinril, is .sillliiirMl tn nIiiAV, ill llir

I'lLsiri'st liylii, iliiii till' cli siil'liiriii Ki'iiiiiii wi.'ii' Will

fiiililili'il, iiiiil MH siicli weiLi Mlsliiiiinl tiy licr ill |iirlurl

({'Mill filllll.

At llii) sainr limn oilier rliiiinH adverse tn lliiisc iil'
Giral Diilain weri' iiiiiilil.iiiii'd li> liiu riiili'd Slates,
nnd iirniiliils iil'Mi|i|iiirt fur eaeli Wiie riuiiul in llii; treaH
111" I7H,), lis liel.ini iiii'iiliiiiird, as it was (■iiiislnied tillicr
Willi or willimit rid.ilioii In olliiir iIdiuiiii.iiIs.

of ITi.J, ran liv any inriienn', lie dn incd loexleiid to
iitliLir I'aris III' iliu liiiiilii iKsigni'il liy Uri'iil llrilHin tu
livr loloiinii.

The iiiirllierii lino of New Uriiimwii k is tlierefuro to
III) eslddislieil Miii|i|y as heinn {lart of llie soiillirni
liiiiindai'N of llin I'rnviiue o'' (jiielu r in ronlinu; In lliu
lerritorial IiiiiiIh nf lliat I'rotiiiie as declared liy lliu
iiii|ii'riiil i{ii\eiiiiiieiit III nii.l, and more •|ii.'ciiilty ilu>
lined in llin (^leliee Art of I'lTi.

'l>.-iiili\-, No. liotli i;iiveriilneiit» lliiis iiersislinij in llie jiislli'i! ofi
llieir rijs|H;iti\ii tdailiis, and every alleiii|il in endeavor- 1|
iiii; III eoiiii' til a ennimnn iiiiderslaiidjii; on llie sulijerl :'
liaviim toin|ili'lely failed, it was lin ilnnlit linlli wise,
mill e\|iodieiU In ailnjil a ciiiiventiniiiil line nf Imnndary
lietweell llieir respei TiM! (inssrssinii';, as was liiially
ilniie in llie yi .ir \H\l, liy llie deiinilive treaty nf
Wasliiiii^lnil.

iji A. Hy tills treaty a eonsideralile (isleiit nf leriilnry ii"

liiijlied liv (ire.it I! ilaill In llie I'l'ovlliee nf (^iieljee, was i:

■•r^ li'i .111.1 linw iraiislerred to llii! riiiled Stales, liiil no {lart or
IHircLd of any lerrilnry wlialever, luie,' wiiliin tlie |i.i.s-
silile liiiiils nf N'l'W llniiisu ilk. Was ( lian^cd nr alfi-'el- :
cd liv tlial disiinsitinn of llie lioiiiid.iry,

A|i|i...nili!i,Nii. Till- western li ninil.irv nf New lirimswiek, llioiit
'"■ fnrnierlv a sillijeet of dilferenee lielween (Sre.il lirilaill I;

nnd llie I'liileii Slates, had lioen previmisly .sellled hy '
the nnlhnrilv nf the two ij.uenimeMls, iis |in^iiinn hein^ .
nierelv (•nnliiiiied hv the Iroiity nf Washiniilnn, and llie |
territorv eonvi veil In the United Slates In that Ileal) ',
was liiiiinded on the east liy n (^nniiniiation of the same '
north line, fioin llie Saint Croix river, whiili actually
forms tlio westerly limit i>f New llruiiswick.

MapB.

Il lias thus lieeii shewn that the Ameriraii elaiin i
ticrivoil ils su|)|inrl fmiii the cirnimslancc that only that
jiartof the southern liminilary of Canada, whirli Inrined [
the northern lin, it nf the Icrritory then assiirned In the
United States, was de.scri'n' in the treaty of 1783. It f
lins also been shewn tlii ' llio lanijtini'o of the treaty,
when taken hy itself, adniitled of an iiiter|iretation fa- '
voralilc to the American claims, but which, ncveithe- ii
less, WIS wholly Irrcconcileablo willi Iho jirevious ij
descrip 1- osof the entire boundaries direrlly referred to
in tliH same trenty, as identical will) thoso therein set
forth and described.

Ill mill liiiliii'4 ihis slalemetil, ii may perliaps bu well
III lilielly rer.ipiliilali' the liMiliii^ I'l iilnres nf the |'uinll
\Ju> Il have been brolljjlit nudir conslderiilion.

The treaty of 178.) was the in I of IWn p.ilies, and tlio
sense in wliii li either parly iiiideiNlnnd it did imt liiiiil
the nihil ll the leriiis were in ihiiiiselves ilniibHiil.
Tlie\ 1 nti'ii llierefnre aune Mif.seipielillv to a cniii-
prnmiM', wilhiiut ils lieinu lieress.iry that cither
kIiiiiiIiI arkiinwled^ii ils iiilirprelalioii to have been
ini'nriirt. ll eaiiiint iherefnie he inferred from tlid Aipcniln, iVi,
treiil\ of ISIJ that llie :;m i riiineiil of (ire.it Itnlaiii "L
recedes in llliv Wai' I'miii ils ilili i ineliilinll nf ihal of
I7SJ.

But the I'rorlamiitinii fixinj; the boundaries of the I'lo-
viliee nf (Jiiebec (Caiuiilil,) W.IS tliii act nf lliu
Urilisli t'nvirnineiit alnne, and the sense whii h it
Miliseipieiilly put npnii the e\piessinns in llie treaty
of nn.Jniiist he held tube that in which it used si-
milar lApiessinns ill the said I'inelaiiialinn ; liinrc i.s-
pt'cially will 11 till.' sense is cui sislent ; and the ntilv

one that is cniisisleiil with its siiliseoiu III acts. Now, i ,.
,1 • c .1 I i' .• »i 1. 'ipi»'ndii..>.'.

tins sense lixes llie nnrlli-west allele nl NnVii Srnliaijf.

(and eniiseipieiillv of Niv Itiuiisw iek, whiih W.IS

ciilirely f irmeil oiil of a |inrlinii nf Nnva Senlia) in pju, | c,,,..

the ratline of hii;hl,inds of which Mais llill fnrins

|iiirl, and at or near said llill.

The liii,'lihitids alori; which llin sniilliem hniindnry of
the I'rnvinee nf (}ui bee, as deseribeil ill the Procla-
mation of 17n.!, and the (JueliiM.' .Act, must pass, tn
R'acli the wrslern evlieiiiily of the IS. lie ihs Clia-
leurs can be no niher than llinse drawn on the map
ns nmniiij,' fioiii the smd Ibiy to Mars llill ami fnrin- Mjp a.
iin; par! of the s.ir.ie rid;.;e wliii h afterwards coiisti-
liiles the Imundaiy as claiiiiiil by (ileal Hrilain,
between Caiiadu and the United Stales.

It is qnlle siiflicient to conslitute this ridge tho trilo
boundary, iis understood by the liritish government,
thai il nIioiiIiI bo nearly conlinunus, and that, at somo
point, il should separate the waters which llnw i.ito
the Saint Lawrence frnm those which fall into the
sea, which fir all purpn.scs in which the intention of
the ijoveriiment of (Jreal Hrilain is alone in ijues-
lioii, must bo intcr|ireleil as that government has in-
terpreted it, to mean the atlaiilic ocean, nr the sea,
south of Iho nioiilli nf the Saint Croix. It is not ru-

. tpiis'', that the ridgu khoiild he alwidulely unbroken,
or thai at rrrrij point it slmuld have waters running
otrinin the Saint Lawrence on one side, and into the
sea on the other.

The boundary claimed by New Brunswick would com- t,inn.\.
meiice by running 50 or GO mjles, fiom near the head
of the Baie d..'s Chalours, across n ridgo nnd along
a level country, to another ridgo which the govern-
ment of Great Bntnin has declared not to be the Appendii.Nu.
liighbinds it intended in the treaty, and consequently ■•'■••
in its oilier acts.

Theseconsidcrntions, it is presumed, arc sufllcicnt, tor In none of (Iio descriptions of Nova Scotin or New
proving conclusively that noneo'" the doubts supposed | Brunswick, contained in Iho oflicial acts of the Bri-
to exist respecting the proper coi strdction of the treaty ] tish government, is either of them described as being

C«]

bounded on tlio cant '.y nny piirt of llip Prnvincc of ;

(Jlll'licr, VI t lIllS Mlllsl IlilVC Iri'L'll till' CllSC ll' (III' lllll! I

rhiiiiii'd liv Xi^w Uriiiiswick iis ruiiiiiii'^ " hImhiI i
iiorlli " Iroiii ticiir lint liiiiil "f lln: Hniv dfs L'lia- '
leiirs, liiid liei'ii iiiU'lidLd as llic Iruc niu'. i

111 nolle of llio s.ii,' il"srri|iliiiiis is .\ov:i Srolia or \i'\v
JJriiiiswicI; iIi'mtiIkmI us Ih'iml; lioiimlcd liy lln^ Icrri-

toriL'S IlilW llrloll.^ill!^ lo tin: I'lHll'll Si. ill's, CMTIll

alniiL; till' dill' lioilli lino IVoIll till! soiirci' ol' llir
Saint C'ioi\ Id till" liinliliiiids ; wlu'inis, iltlio Iumiii-
ilarv now claiiiMd In .New llriniswirk ".cri' that
iiniirrs'iiod in tlir said (lrscii|ilioi.s, il would lie i
lionndril liv the IJnili'd Sl.ilus on lliu SDlltll anil
soulli-oasl for alioiit JOl) inili's.

In tin.' lirsl Art of tlii> t,i'L;islalnri! of Xi'w Urnnswirk,
jiasseil in n.Sd, anil in llio Uoyal l.illi'is I'atrni
under tin: (!rrat Seal of Unit I'rorincr. eiliil in llial
Art, two eiunilies only ( Norlliiiinlierland aii'i Vork ),
aie ilescriheil as IicIiil; l:onnileil in any pan liy tin'
Ai ulij.NV. Province of (ineliee, yet iicitlier of lliciii • re ilis-
•::■ .'.lij •■!«. crilied as liciiii; liouniltil on tlie sonili liy tin; I niled

States, li'.it on tlio omlrary, liuili are ilcsi-iilied as
lieini; lnMiniled soiillierly liy other imrtions of New i
liraiiswiek, nor is any part of Noilliiinilierlaiid ile>-
triheil as lieins; hoiiiideil on the f((.s( or mirlli-til.il :
liv llii.' I'rovinee of (iiieliee, as it must lia\e heeii if
it liad lieen intended to extend north of the head of ■
the I5aie lies Clialeiirj.

All liie said deseriplions are, on the contrary, perfectly
consislent with the interpretation ^'iveii tiy (ireal
Jkilaiii to the treaty of 17S3 ; Canada conteiiils that
Great liritain was in perfect sood faith in that in- ,
tcrprelation, and that all her acts, and tnorc cspe- 1
riallv the lioiindaries she lias assij;neil to lier own i
Provinces, have lieon, and are, perfectly eonsistem :'
vitli that inter[Hetalioli. I,

The claim of New lirunswidc supposes CJreat Britain j
til have heen in had faith in that interpretation and I
to have assiijneil one nieiininii; to cerl.iin terms in her i
nru'i.'ment with the United States, and another J
meanini; lo the same terms in the Proelamation and;
(Ir)cumenls fixing the boundaries between her colo-
nies.

ijnil. — That the pnsitioii nssiuned lo llin siniiliern lioiin-
lUiry of the Province of (^iieliec, and northern liitiin-
(hity of NevvMninswick, by the iiniierial government,
ill ]'(iA anil 1771, can be fully iiscerlained from
llie lan^nage of the descriptions iheieof then given,
iiiiil thai any ilonlits wliieli may have k'en iillegeil
(o exist resjiecling the proper construction of tliobU
di'Mriplions, are wholly superseded and set at rest by
the express di linitions of the same, given under the
anihorilv of the imperial governmenl, sncli authority
being as decisive in di'llning us in tirsl (lechiiiiig thy
limits ol colonial dependencies.

Old. — That New Hrnnswick can derive no claim for
ailditioiial ten itories beyond those lirst assigned her
ill I7(!.!, bv virtue of any proceeiliiii;s which liavir
since taken place between lireal Hrilain and tlio
I niteil Stales of .\merica, as llie latter powe, cl. lim-
ed under a trealy only iilb'clliig the soiillieri. boun-
dary of Canada, entirely to the west of New Hri.iis-
wiik, and conseipienlly, any ili<iiblful inlerprelatioiis
of the ilcsciiption of llie Canada Imnndary, growing
exclusivi'lv out of llie l.ingiiage iisi d in ihal treaty,
could nut extend in elfei t to another part of the
boiindari, entirelv willioul the limits of the terri-
tories therein referred to.

•Itli. — That l!:e residue of the soiilhern boundary lino
of Canada, forming the norllii'rn boundary line of
New Umiiswli k, must tlierefore be traced according
to the original descriptions thereof, and when so
traced, will extend from the true bead of the Ibiie
ties Clialiiiis, in a soiitli-weslerii direction, to iho
alreadv c'-l.ilili'-hed western boundary lin.' of New
]!rlln^wick, terminating on the .same near an cluva-
lion called Mars Hill.

utli. — From whence il is evident that the present pos-
sessions of New liriinswick, as they exieiid to the
Histigoiichn river, firm a direct encroacliineni on the
proper limits of C^anada, and that the claims put for-
ward for (tilililioiia! territories, to the north of the
Histinoiichc riverand west of her established western
boundary, are wholly unfounded.

A: ("i.iis,
-V j:i.i :tii.

V<,,A.

But even were it possible lo suppose (ireal liritain lo
have been acting in bad faith in supporting her
claims against the I'nited States, no land west of the
d'le north line claimed by the I'liited States could
form part of New lirimswick. It would be territory
vcirlii acqnireil by (ireat Hrilain, which she iniglil
Xi'. assign to either Province. A consiilerable jiortion
of it round lake TemiscmiatH has long since been
granted by the (^rown oi Sei!;muilr ntiiler the
Great Seal of Canada, as part of that province, and a
glance at the map will shew to which Pro.ineo the
rest would be most conveniently assigned, while it
will also show what boundary the governinent of
Great Britain, (which n 17G;5 had the wlnde ter-
ritory now in dispute at Its disposal) would most
liaturallv assign to the Province of Canada, more es-
pecially after having determined that the district of
Caspi* should bo dismembered from Nova Scotia
and should form part of Lower Canada. Even
without the interpretation given by Great Hritain lo
the treaty of 1783, and the Proclamation of 17G3,
the conclusion appears obvious, in favor of the line
claimed by Canada, but, coupled with lliat interpre-
tation, it is inevilublc.

Aii!--,rn No. 1st. — It appears Ibercforc that the western boundary of
-, 'J. iitui to. the Province of New Brunswick has been for many
years traced on the face of llie country, anil is defi-
nitively confirmed in its position by treaties with
foreign slates.

No. 3. •

WT.STKIS.N I''.XTni-;Mn'V.

or Till:

B A I K I) E S C II A L V. U K S .

Remarks on a Slalrmenl conrrrnins: the position of
llic Me. item J-^.rlrnnilii of the liaie tlrn Chaliiim,
ax Diddc 1)1/ the IlonoralUc Thomas liaillie, Sur-
Vfjior iicneral of the Province of Nvu: Ilruns-
icjVA', then r/c^'iiif as Hovndury Line Comniis-
si'uierfor that Province.

The stntemeht in relation to the western extremily Prrn'ilin^'
of the Bale des Chaleurs, made by Mr. B.iillie, acting "'."'''■'"■'"''''•'
as the boundary line Commissioner for New Bruns- "'"'> 1'^"' '•
wick, is comprised in llie ddlowing literal extract from
Ills report, dated 13tli October, 18-13, viz : —

" It was therefore my objecl to discover what point
" constituted the U'pslern e.vtr ■■■lit';, :ind I was glad
" to find that nature has so s': ngly marked the .spot,
" as, in my bumble opinion, io l<.,.ve no opening for
" discussion or dilTicuIly."

" It is situated at liigli water mark n little lo the
" eastward of Mission Point, on the north side of the
" Bale des Chaleurs, about a mile above Cam(ibcll-
" town, whidi is on the south side of the same Bay."

[0]

Ainioiiilii, Ni
11.

Map I),

The correctni'SN of ilils Inttcr stiitcmont, in nil its !' true Hiiiu lics Cliaicurs, nt or nenr Oalli<nisic, liiisbccn
pans 1111(1 niuinbers, in (iL'runi|)tiirily liuniud un lliu |iurt known, liy lliiit numuitVotiii! puriml iniU'linilel} unluriur
uf CnniulH. 11 to tliu year IGOI, duwn tu dm prceent ilay.

It will he proved conclusivulv tlinl llic point .itiovc ^^ ''"= Kis(ii,'oiirlic river, from its sciirro to its inoutli,
dcscrilied hy Mr. Haillie, us being on the. north side \ '"entirely willini tlif! true Canadian l.oundiiries, and it
of the ttdic (its amlnim, and. at llie same time, de- ; '■'' ""ly widiin a (.dni|iiuaiively recent period Dial New
dared liy liitn to e.instiliito tlie wc.tlern e.rlremiti/ or j Urunswiek lui-s exiendod lier possession lo iliat river,
end of the same Hay, is merely a point on the northerly | 'Ji«'f" .'"■" t"nse(pienlly no records of \ova f^eolia or
side of the Kisligniiche river, and lliat ('lunpbelllown,
n village on the opposite side of the sireaiii, ntiont a
niilu liidow (his |iojnl, is Dot on the south side of the
BniedvH Chnliiir.i, hut is situated on the bouiIi shore
of the Risligoiiche rirrr, ahout 10 miles ahove ils
moiiih, wliieli is near the true western extremity of
the llaiu des L'haleurs, at Dalliousic.

I. By referring to documendiry antliotilies, it will lie
seen that tlie Kreiieli govi'riunent, so far hack as the
year KiDl, granleil lo the SieiirWEnidu a tract of lanii
under the name of ("loridon, extending eight leagues
along llie Kistigouche river, and the same distance in
depth.

The title to the grant so made in IGOI, was n re-
newal of a former title deed to tiie same territory, which
had been carried olf from tiie grantee liy the Knglisli,
lirohahly in some of the many incursions made, by them
or the New England colonists, into liiuse parts uf the
French possessions.

Aii[N'n.Iix, No.
1 1 anil !'.>.

This grant was expressly defined as extending along
theIiiiili,a:ouchc river, and, as may l)e seen hy reference
to map IS, it includes within its limits the point des-
rrilied hy Mr. Huitlic as being on the north side and
at the western extremity of the Uaio des Chaleurs.

The territory comprehended in the grant to the Sieiir
d' Kneau was held en Seif^neiirie in virtue of the title
of l(ji)l, until the year 17^7, when it was acquired

New liriiiiswick, relating to the Uistigoiu lie, which ex-
tend hack lothe remote period embraced hy those before
cited from the ollicial records of Canada.

There are, however, very many ollicial documeiils
referring to the Kistigouche river, among llie public
records of New Hruiiswick, which have accumulaled
since that I'rovince extended its grunts and possession
to the Kistigouche,

The concurrent testimony derived from those docu-
ments is perfectly conclusive in defining the exact
positions of the western e.rtrcniiti/ of the IJaie des Cha-
leurs, and the mouth or cr.'rance of the Kisligoucho
river, alfordirig an unqualified coiuradiclion to Mr.
Mnillie's statements, — that Caniphelltown is .situated on
the soutii side of the Baie des Chaleurs, and that the
spot he had selected on the opposite shore for a " start-
ing point" for the C inada and New Brunswick lioiin-
daiy line, about n mile above Camphelltown, is on the
north side and tvcstern end of the same Bay.

Ai»iicndix,No.

The first of the documents to which reference is Aif.nJii.Xo.
now made is an instrument under the authority of New '"^^
Brunswick, dated 8lli January, \iiO-2, containing un
original grant to Suinucl Lee, esquire, of the land M.n;i F.
which includes Qwiii/im's Point, where (Jamplielltowii
is situated. The tract so granted was distinguished as
forming lots Nos. 15 anil 10, and was .specially des-
crihc'd as being situated " on the soulherlif side oj
JiislifiOHche river," and the front, from its western
limit, was defined as extending along the soulhcrli/
hy the Crown, under the Koyal droit de retruit, and | hank or shore of the Kistigouche river, " following
nnie'xed lo the .lomaios of the Crown in the I'rovince j jts several courses down slream, to the entrance of
of Quebec, now Canada. f Walkei's Brook." 'i'lie latter stream is also described

j as dischaigiiiir "into liisligmiche /•icw aforesaid, ahout
In the following year (1788) John Collins, esquir", ; fif(v chains of four poles each, south-easterly from <^i(i'«-
Depulv Surveyor General for tlie I'rovince of {Jiiebec, tori's Foiid."
surveved a tract along the llistigouclie river for the I

Another grant was, in like manner, made by the ApiicivJij.No.
government of New Brunswick to Adam (ieranl, Junr., '■'■
and sundry other persons, dated the 3rd June, ISIU.
This tract was likewise described as extending along

Messrs. Maiiii, in obedience to an order in Council i
the Province of (iueliec, of the 8th May, 1788. The !
south-eastern angle of this ifact was placed on the noilh 1
side of the Kistigouche river, at Ihii point which had

previously formed tlin same relative angle of the former l| t|,e nouth side of the Ristiifouclie river, and embraced Ma,. F.

AppcnJii, No,

y Prrccdiii;:
(f Klftli'Kicnt, \t'!r
* Nolo, iMgc 1.

Seigniorv of Cloridon, and the tract was described as
" situated on the north side of the river Kistigouche,"
and extending upwards for three miles, measured in a
straight line from the south-eastern angle thereof.

Shortly after thi; date of the above survey and des-
cription, in the same year, the govcrnmi-nt of Quebec ;
made a grant in i'luf anil seigniory to John Shoolhred,
esquire, wiiich is .\^scribed generally in the Letters Pa-
tent grunting the same, as follows, viz : —

" Also a certain other tract of land situate on tlie
" \veste4nm0st extremity of CArt/encs /?ai/, running up
" the river lli.'ttigcuche ahout 1.5 miles to the first point
" of land below Battery Point."

The tract ol land mentioned in this grant, as well as
that described in the survey for 'he grant to tlie Mes.srs.
Mann, are still described, and daily referred to, as
bo;: <ded in front hy the Ristigouche river, thus aflbnl-
ing, when taken in connection with the ancient des-
cription of Cloridon, an uninterrupted chain of uflicial,
ihicumentary evidence, shewing conclusively that the
Kistigouche river, quite down tu its en*rn -e iuto the

within ils limits 13 f.irm lot.s, numbered from 5 to 17
inclusive, aiidcoinpnhendiiig the two lots Nos. 15 and
10, irrantcd to Samuel Lee, esquire, in ISOi, as het'urc
mentioned.
I

On referring lo the map, it will he seen that the
limits of this latter grant extend along the south shore
of the Kistigouche, considerably ahove and below the
two points which Mr. Baillie has ilesignated as being,
respectively, on the north and south sides uf the Baiu
des Chaleurs.

The next public document of New Brunswick which Map E.
comes uui. M' consideration is the copy of a plan, recently
received from the government of tiiat Province, shew-
ing the original reserve at Dalliousic, this (h>cume))t
being originally signed hy Geo. Sproule, formerly Sur-
veyor General of New Brunswick, and attested bv
the signature of the present incumbent, the Honorable
Thomas Baillie.

This plan, although exceedingly defective, — being
without date as to the time of its original cumpilaliuii,
or the period when the copy now in hand was made,

[10]

23.

Ap;it'iiilix, No.

or icrlilied, togcllicr with tlie total omission of llio
iiimcul' llii- llisiii;ini<lic river, isncvcrlhflcsssulliciciit,
with llic niil of ollior colliilurul miliiurilies, I'or .sln;\v-
iii" till' proiise iiositioii of the westoru cxIriMiiily nf the
Hale lies Chiileum, niul alsn tliat of the mouth or
cnlraiicu of liie Ui.stigouchu river.

In tho pri)viiicii\lslaliite of New nriinswirk, 7 Geo.
•1. till,. ^'' *'^'^- "''• (z^- "• "*-^) ''' i;<'"'"i'"-'il tiie fol-
lowiiii; eiuitliiienl, viz : —

" And lie it further enacted, tliat the town now
" formiMo; on the noiitlicrn siilc oj'llic cntiviiir oflliv
" rirer HintiifDUclic, witliiii tiie said cuiiiily uf tihm-
" CLsler, shall ho tailed and known hy the lame of

" Dalhousie."

A^ain, in anndier statute of New Rninswick, 2
Viilori.1, ea]). 111. sec. 1. (A. 1). \^M) the norlliern
liinil of the parish uf Oalhousie is ileH'rilied as eoni-
meneiiin at the iiiDiith of Kel river and " thenco lul-
'■ lowiir^- the several courses of the /Jd.iy (/c Chalitirs
" u|i 10 the towr. ol Diilhousic, lliincr b>l the mveidl
" cniirsis of the licsti^uucliv rirci; v/i stranii, to
" he middle of the inovith of Walker's Brook, or Fer-
'• "iisoii's Mill stream, so called."

Tho northern limit of tlio next tnsuini; parish of
Addiiigloii is also therein destrihed as follows, viz : —

" Cumn-.cncinj; at the middle of Walker's Mrook or
" Feroiison's Mill stream, in the western houiidnry of
" the parish ot Dalhousie, thence folluwin^ the several
" courais of the lUstigouche river, tiji Ktreain, to
" the ndddle of the mouth ol the Upsahiuilch ri\er."

The comhined evidence, contained in the foregoing
aulhorilies, is so per'cdly conclusive and coiidennnatory
ol Mr. Uaillie's stat^.'nient, concerning the position of ihe
head of the IJaie desChaleurs, that fmthcr comnieiil on
the suhject seems unnecessary, at least as far as may
relate to official authorities.

Had popular usage home out the assuni|ilion that
the Ilaie ties Clialeurs exteniled uiiwanLs, beyond ]
Cainphelltown, thatcinunistance, allhough at variance ;
wilh everv ollicial authority, might pnssihiy have ;
all'orded Mr. IJaillie some shadow of apology lur hav- !
ing instituted a search, for the purpose ii( ili>,ci)vcrin!^
the true vvestirn extremity, and, for the error he com-
mitted in afterwards assigning ii wrong and impossible j
position to that point. I

Popular usage, however, is unecpiivocally and
diametrically opposed to his statement. In support of
this a.ssertion there arc three ducuinents inserted m the
Appendix to this Report, each of whidi contains a
general anil pojiular description of the Risligouche
river, correctly defming the position of its entrance into
Chaleurs Hayj near the site of tlie town of Ualhousie.

These documents arc as follows, viz : —

1st. — Description of the Ristigouche river hv Colonel
Joseph Bouchetle, late surveyor general of Lower
Canada, (IS^l.)

jpi.'i.lix, No. 2nd.— Description of the same hy Robert Cooncy, of
'u' ' Miramichi, New Brunswick, (183i.)

/i.raJix.iNo. 3rd.— Description of the same given at a public
17.' lecture, delivered in the city of Saint John, New

Brunswick, on tho Stii December, 1843.

Each of these descriptions is contradictory to Mr.
Baillie't statement.

wlis.N.

I call also state, fioni personal observation, that tho
inhauiiantu residing on cither side of the Kistigouciie,
from Dalhousie upwards, never designate the stream
by any other appellation than that of " Kistigoiicho
" river," and they would, no doubt, be us much sur-
prised at the statement that the Ristigouche river was
the Bale des (Jhaleurs, as an inhabitant of the city of
London coulil possibly be, were lio lohl that tho
Thames was not a liver, but formed part if the German
ocean.

It mav po.ssibly be alleged on tho part of New
Brunswick, that the enlargement in the breadth of tho
Risligouche, for about '22 miles above Dalhousie,
wouhi warrant the supposition ihat it ought to be con-
sidi'red as forming part of the Baio des Chaleurs tor the
whole, or, as Mr. Haillie expresses it, for about two
Ihinln of tliat distance.

It can he easily shewn that no grounds cxi.st to war-
rant sui h a supposition, and, were it otherwise, that
no possible inlerence could be drawn fritn thenco
which would all'ect the issue of any ipieslions, now
pending, in relation to tliu |iosilion ol the Canadian
ho Milary.

Bv referring to map B, where tho Ristigouche river
and western part of the Baie des Chaleurs are deline-
ated from actual surveys, it will at once be seeti, with-
out reference to other authority, that the Baie des Cha-
leurs and Kistigouciie river are distinctly defined by
n iture, and th.it each o( them, respectividy, maintains
its disliiictive (haracter to the point of their junction at
Dalhousie, the enlargemi lit of the hiwcr parts of tho
Ristigoudie being nothing more than the expansion
usually found near the mouths of rivers discharging
into tide waters. It has already been shewn that tho
stream, from Dalhousie upwards, has borne the name of
the Ristigouche river uninterruptedly for more than
L")3 years, which period extends back upwards of 7J
years beyond the date of the proclamation, fixing tlie
boundaries of Canada.

These houndaries must therefore have been estab-
lished in reference to the Ilaie des Clialeurs as it then
was (and still is) distinguished, and it needs no argu-
ment to show that were the name of that Bay to bo
now applied to the river Risligouche, or any olli<>r of
its tributary slroair.s, such a change coulil not possibly
have ihu slightest eli'ett on the construction of any pre-
vious descriptions ot the boundary line,

A line running " about north " * from the western
pxtreiiiily of the Baie iles Chaleurs, as described by
Mr. Baiihe for part of the eastern boundary line of
New Brun.swii k, must, of course, commence at the
true western extremity uf the Bay, wliicii is about a
in'le and a half .southerly from the south shore of (he
Risligouche river. Such a line would leave the true
highlands described in the Proclamation of 17G3 and
tho (iuebec Act ; and take a course nearly at right
angles with them, descend to the valley of the Kisti- MnpH.
gouche, — cross over the same, passing three miles in " ^■
its waters, and then ascend, crossing the high moun-
tainous ranges lying northward from the Ristigouche,
until it should meet the sources of the streams falling
j into the St. Lawrence.

' The cxircmo absurdity of the pretended claims of
New Brunswick for -x new and extended eastern
boundary has already been exposed, but that absurdity
is still more striking when the east line, so claimed, is
drawn from thu true head of the Baie des Chaleurs.

* From Mr. Itaillie's map it appears Hint he intended the
magiietii-al norlh, which, at tlic lieail of the Uaie des Chaleurs,
in nearly 21^ degrees west of the true north.

[11]

MupB.

.M,i|. n.

ruB
ind
;l.t
sti- MnpB.

in " *•
in-

he,
,ng

Map F.

Jla;. D.

Tlio line wliitli iiy Mr. Uaillic's own shewing ounlil
tn he a iiiiu iVoin tliu Uaiu dus Clialt'tirs along iiigli-
Inmls, iinii should bound Cuiiiiilii on the aoutli, ' would,
if drawn as he |iro|ioses, bo made to run " about noiih'"
tro'.sinjj rivers and ranges of mountains transversely,
and I'oriniug un eautrrn insteail of a norlhern boiintlary
for New llrunswick, and a western instead of u
southern boundary fur Canada.

It is also worthy of rcmntk, that such a line, if pro-
duced, would still leave the i;ruatost part of the town | end o| one of tlie enhirged portions of the Uistigoucho
and port of ]Jalhousie, and the entire mouth or entrance || river.
ui the Uistiguuchu river, within the lanits uf Canada. ||

1, It is probable that Mr. Ilaillin liimself bocnine aware

It WAS, nu doubt, in consiili'ration of this hitler fail, , of iho tnifoilunate sidection he had niaile for the posl-
ns well as to avoid the anomaly of earryihg tlie pro- , tioii of ihc hra'l of ibe liaic des ('hal irs, as, in the
posed line across tin' Ristigouciic, that Mr. ISaillie at- |; olHrial ami iilhographed copy iif the niap accompanv

Mr. Haillie's position, the first \mt\'^ llio taslcrn end
of a small bay, or expamleil seitlon of the rivi.-r, and
the second forming the wtstern limit uf u similar por-
tion uf the stream.

Mad Mr. Haillic adopted this latter point for his as-
sumed head of the liaie des Chaleurs, his Keport would
have been divesled of some part of the pecidiarilv at-
tachuil to it as it now stands, this point having at least
the distinction of being the naturally marked western

tenjplecl to move tiie lieail of the liay up to near Mission
I'omI, on the north side of the Uistigouchu river,
lhoU!;h doing so had the ell'ect of lessening the pretcnil-
ed claim of New Brunswick on tin; territory of Cana-
da, bv about •1G0,U()0 acce.s, that bi'lni; nearly the
area of llie tract contained between a line drawn from
tlie true head of the Hay, and thai shewn by Mr. Itiiil-
lie on his map. The spot particularly definel l>y .Mr.
I'allie as being " a little to the ea.slward of .Mission
" i'oinl, on the north side of the liaie den Chalnirs
" about a mile above (.'aini>bf.tltown," uud selected by
liim as the western cvlrenuty of the same bay, is cer-
taioly as inappropriate n point, to seleel for liiat distinc-
tion, as could well bi! found un the Ristigouclie river.
Hail a point been taken about five miles furlher up
the stream, it would at least have iiail the comparative
merit of being that, where the river bpcomcs finally re-
duced to its general breaillli — or, had it been selected a
little below Campbelllown instead of a mile above ihal
place, it would then have been at the western limit of

ing his report, as it appears with other ihicumenis re-
lalmg to the bouiulary, printed by order of the New
Brunswick .isseinbly, the " alarlin;!; point" for iho
line ruiMiiii;; " <d>otd north " is carried from the posi-
tion fust ileM.ribeil, above a mile to (ho easlwaiil, down
the Ulsligniiche, to the precise point above meiuioned,
at the v.esliMii end of one of
the Kistiirouiho river.

die enlarged portions of

X(.. -1.

General description of the several tocnlilirs desi^-
iwtiu'j; the position of the soiithern boundary line
of Canada, S,-e. S;e.

The mouth or entrance of the Risti^'onche river Into M^pB.

the Baie iles Chaleurs is on the norlhern const of the

Bay, very near the western termination of the killer.

a considerable bay, or enlargement in the Ristigoucho | The Bay'itself extends a short distance to the west of

river. But, there is not one marked local feature j' (hat position, its western coast forming a curve, like a

segment of the peri|ihcry of a circle, the two ends of
, which incline to the eastward. From the npjicr or
! western side of Iho mouth of the Risligouche river it
; is about 3.i miles, on a .south course, to the opjiosito and
|soiilhern shore of the Bi'y, and from the northern side
' of the same it is about ■\\ miles, in the same direction,
to ihe (ijiposite coast.

characlerizing the spot discovered by Mr. Baillie, ainl
by liiiii declared to be the western extremity of the
Baie des Chaleurs.

About a mile and a half above Caraphelltown, the
channel of the river suddenly contracts in width to
about one third of its previous dimensions,

The point constituting the true u'ealern extremity
of Ihe Baie des Chaleurs, must, of course, be that
point in the curve, formed by ils we:.tern roast, which
would be touched by a tangent, drawn in the direction
of the true meridian.

The strait caused by this contraction conlinnos
downwards to a point, a very short di-^tance below
Cainphelltown, where the river again expands to a
more ronsiderabie width than belore. The norlhern
.shore of the river, along this strait, extends in nearly a
uniform and direct course and the land on the shore, 11

and for some distance back, is an even and level plain. This point, according to the best and most anthenlic
It was on this sirait near ils xtpper extrernrty and on il sui^-eys, is situated rather more than a mile and a half,
the nearly straight line of shore above described, that ; southerly, from the Ristigouclie river, as represented on
Mr. Baiilie found the .sjwt that '■'■nature liad .w j ihe accompanying map B.
s^-oiiif/iy marked^'' as in his opinion "/o leave no open-

inc;for discussion or dilficult;/," as lo the certainly I At this point, immcdi.ilely on the very coast of the
of ils being ihe true western extremity of the Baie des j, Baie, is the commencement of a high and well defined
Chaleurs. From the i)recise nature of Mr. Baillie's ';| tango of hills, extending from thence to Ihe weslwai
description of this spot, "about a mile aboveCampbell- i| ami seeming, when viewed fr-om Dalhousic and other
town" and "a lilllu to the eastward of Mission Point," i; places along the Ristigoirche, to form an almost impas-

its position cannot be mistaken ; hut, when on the spot,
we .seek in vain fir any one natural mark or feature
corresponding with Mr-. Baillie's slatement.

There is however, ono naturally marked point a
short distance above, and another about a mile below

* The extract from the auebec Act given by Mr. Baillie, In
hia report, is so mutilated tliat it I'onveys no descriiition of the
ilin-j-linn of the Boutlicrn bouiidnry of the Province of (luebec.
He merely cites eo much of the (lescriptlon, as shews that Ihe
line extends fnim the Baie iles Chaleurs along cerUiiii liijjli-
ianils, leaving us in the dark as to the imiiit to which the line
is (tirectcd, and consequently of its rc(iiilrcd direction, all of
whicli arc contained, however, in the description he has thus
partially iit-stud.

sable barrier between the lands adjoining that river
and the territory lying further to the south.

This part of the highland ranrc cannot ho better
described than in the words of two writers, of the Pro-
vince of New Brunswick, the first of whom remarks
that from Eel river, "to the cnl'.ancc of the Risli- ^^iTci'^i^*
" goucho, the shore is a continuation of almost per- ""'
" pcndicirlar dills, towering i.early a hundred feet
" above the level of tlio sea."

The second writer alluded to, who is, I believe, a Ai.pfnJu.No.
resident of St. John's, N. B., describes the range more '^•
minutely as follows, viz : —

[12]

17.'

K^. K.

No. " Tlioro is a high riilge of trap rock sppnrnliii); Eel
" river from Dulhoiisie, ralloil Churli'j'ort's Hill,
" which is very ubriipt on llio Et! river side iitui
" sloping, Inwards llie 'iisligoutlie. Al the base of tlio
" slope IS ihu town of Uiillum.>iu."

It may bo ndilcd that tho oaslern exlrcniily of this
liighhuui ridge, on the side adjacent to the Kistig'iiicjic

coast of tlie Bnie dcs Clinlenrs, the ilisjiinct portions si»
described, scemii)g, however, to indicate iSio general
direction ami position of thv bouivlary.

it Is staled in the proc?iimn(ionthal this line " passes
" along the liighlards, Stc, ami "m/»o along the north
" coast of the Haie des Chaltnrs, " whereas, had it
been inlendcil lo iiitpljl tliiit such highlnnds and tho

river, tcrniinales in a point exli'iiding a coiisidernlde north coast of thu Hay were actually conlenninnus,

distaiiiu into tho May, near soino mus^^ivu detached
rocL^, called Bon Aini\s Uorks.

Map A.

From tho Uaie des Chalcnrs, this r.ingo extends
weslwardly r)r about I J miles, in a course nearly pa-
rallel willi tliat of the {{iNligiHiche river, and then
trending round soullnvaidly, onlinucs in that and a
pencrallv soiilliweslecn direclioii,— still coiisliluling tlu;
line of dividing higlilauds, until it rea<hes the wcslurn
lino of New Hruuswick, near Mars Hill.

the words used in the description slioiild have heel)
" «/()/i<,' //ir /i/if/i/f(»i//.«, iS'C, to the north mail of
" the llaic lies Vhiilrtirn," or language to that cll'ect,
wliich language, however, was not adopted.

At j-':i.i.v,

Tho description of the samo boundary, contained in A|ppciidii, No.
the liueliec Act, commences at the Haie lies Clialeurs ■*'••
and is similar lo that of llie proclamalKin, until it
readies the vicinity ofOonnedicut river, far lo liie west
of the limits of New Hrnnswidc. If any aniliiguiiy
ll were siipjioscil to exist in regard to the proper con-
Froin that |iolnt tho samo highland range continues, I struc lion of lliosu descriptions, that is, ihe con-
ns repealiillv tlefined on the part of ihe llrilish govern- 1, slriiclioii intended by liieir framers, — or that, as genc-
meiil, Ihroiigli a section of what now foinis part of the j' rally received at or near Ihu periods at which ihey

were rcspiMlivi'ly framed, we have abundant authority
to bring forward which must remove every possibility
ol' doubt on thu sulijecl.

stale of Maine, meeting and coinciding with llio nortl

wi.'slcrn line of the same slate near Ibo MelgiMinclte

I'orlage. From thence, the liigbland range continues,

ncliiailv coiisliliiting the southern lioundary of I'nnada,

and conforming liierally to ibc terms of iIk' original I

description of that boundary, by llirowiiig olf the Saint I llie commission to Monlaguu ^V'illIlol, less than tw<i '"'•

Lawrence waters on tho one siile, and those falling i inonliis after thu date of the Uoyal proclamation, de-

into the sea, or Atlantic Ocean, (for these terms may ! clarestbat the point, where tlieCanada boundary leaves

The norllicrn boundary of Nova Scotia, dcscrihod in Aniomlii.Nc.

A| i'diillx,

N,i

be used indiscriminately for all pur[io.ses conuecled |
with the descriplion of llie entire southern bouudarv ^
of Canada) on lliu opposite side, until it reiiclies that j|
source of tho Connecliciit river, which, by tin' trcalv
of Paris, iiflcrwards e.xpiained by tlio treaty of Wash- !-
ingtou, was lo become the line of boundary down to ;
the parallel of the -IJlh degree of norlh latitude.

r.i':cl, -•'<;./, The grounds upon which Canada maintains this
ran:rc of hills lo be the higblands menlioned in the i

the liaie des Cbalcurs, is at tho western extreliiilv ol
Ihat Day.

Again, in the original descriptions of the counties of Apiicnlis, Nu
Norlbuinberlanil and Vork, in the Province of New '^
Urunswick, parls of tho southern boundary of Canada Vi.Ui N. ic,
are alluded to disjunctly and in terms which clearly ''•''-'-' ''■
prove that the line, as then under.<!ood,coul(l not extend
across the Kisligouche or in any wise to the northward
of ihe head of the Haie des Clialeurs, but on iho

proi liiniiition of 17t).j, and the (Juebec Act, have al- i, contrary, ibat ils course from lliat Hay was then
rcadv been fully explained ill other parls of lliis report,
but it may not be out of place lo add some few obser-
vations, for shewing the f.illaciousness of the olijections
made to such a couc!usiou.

r.i_-(' '>,'.ticq.

Tbi'.sc objections are founded on Ihe assumption of
an iiii|iiissihility, viz : that the boundary line must of
necessity bo made to pas.s, from the sources of the Con-
necliciit river to the bead of the Haie des Clialeurs,
nlon>4 highlands which tbroughout their whole extent,
should divide the sources of llic Saint Lawrence
walurs from the sources of streams disciiarging them-
selves into the Atlaiilic.

The language of the proclamation of 17C3, states
that the line, " crossing the river Saint Lawreiue
" and the lake Champlaiu in '15 degrees of norlh
" latitude, passes along the bighhinds which divide the
" rivers that empty themselves into Ihe said river
" Saint Lawrence from those which fall into the sea,
" and also along the norlh coast of the Haie des Clia-
" leurs and Ihe coast of the gulf of Saint Lawrence to
" Cape Hosier, &c. S:c. "

When we bear in mind that it was not po.ssible for
the framers of the proclamation to imagine that any high-
land range could actually divide the Saint Lawrence
and Atlantic waters quite up to the Haie des Clialeurs,
it becomes obvious that no such cimtinuity of high-
lands, having at every point of their extent that specific
c.ar.icter, was ever intended to be described in the
proclamation.

There arc merely points or disjunct portions of Iho
boundary described, from lake Nipissim to the north

admitlcd on the part of New Hruuswick to he soiiili-
wcsterly, as it has ever been tnaiiitained to be by the
Province of Canada.

The dates of tho nulhorilics above mentioned are
respectively as follows, viz : —

ist. — Royal Proclamation, 7lh October, 1703.

2nd. — Commission It Montague Wiliramt, esquire,
31st November, I7C3.

3rd.— Quebec Act, 22d June, 1771.

•llh.—Lctlcrs Patent setting off the county ofNorlh-
umberland, lOlh Juno, 1785.

5lb. — Letters Patent setting oil" tho counlv of Voik,
25lh July, 1785.

The concurrent testimony of tho foregoing authorities
shows conclusively, that Ihe line claimed by Canada is
the linn originally intended by Great Britian, for the
southern boundary of tho Province.

But, when in addition to those authorities we recur
to the fact, that Ihe range of highlands, which from tho
sources of the Connecticut river to the Melgermetle
portage, actually divides the sources of the Saint M.ip.'V.
Lawrence and Atlantic waters, still continues in a
north-eastern dir jction, and (inally terminates at the
ivestem extretnil/j o( Ihu Bale des Clialeurs, being tho
only range nf highlands extending to that point ; when
wo also remember that Great Britain always maintain-
ed that tho southern boundary of Canada extended

A|i[>rii(liT, No.

1 Aiiirmlix,No.

if Apiion lix, Nc
tin

a Viilo N. tr,
It, paiic i»,

fd
(I

1-
a

ir
o

It Map A.

It
1-
d

[ 13]

norlli-fiHstcrlv Iroin llio Mcli^crincllc! |P(irlai;o iiloii|r tlio
Mitinu CdiiliiiiiiiljiMi of llijs Inirlil, 111(1 iiiiiL;i', — llii; (.(iii-
clusjiiti liL'coiii)!.s inuvil.ilili', — iliiit lint liiir Iniiii lliv
liuiiil III' ill)! Iliilu il'.'M CliuliMii'N III iii'iir Mai'!t Mill, is
ileiiiiiii.slriilily |iiirt iif liiii liiiu ikliiMiil liy (iri'iit Hriliiiii
in I7GJ iiiiii 1771 iiit tlie soiitliurii buuiiiliiiy of tliu
I'ruvincu u( Cuiiiida.

No. 5.

Ilr.murka on Dr. fies»cr'« Ileporl in rrlulion to the.
Jioundari/ Linchelweim CdiuiilaiintI i\ew HrHn.i-
wick, nuide the iOlh Siptvinber, ISU.

The Report (if Dr. Gcsner coiicerniiig tlin iinscUleil
buundiiiy <>i (^aiiiida and New ISruii.swiik, is iii<ii'k(.'il
" No. a " in llio list III' docuini.'iilii roiniiiiiiiicaled liy
(lie liiouloiiaiil-U'ivoriior of New Hriiiiswick to llie
Himso uf Assembly ol' tliut I'ruviiice uii tho lUtli
Fubiuary, 1844. i

It is mnsliy taken iip witli drsiriplions of tlie Uisti-
^uuclie river and its triliiitary streams, incliiilin<; also
the ndjaccut territory oti tliu Canada side, and parts ul'
(iiu diiitrict urUaspe, along tlic Uaio desClialeurs.

The contents of sucli portions of liis Report a.s relate
)ii the provincial boundary may be reduced to two
lieads, viz : —

1st — The assumption, on the part of Dr. Ocsnor, lliat
if the main Ristigoiicliu river be the boiiiidary
betvveon the Provinces, such boundary would have
to follow the Tonikisuac, or, as it is desigiialed by
liim, the " Peolanikedgewee " river, that tributary
of the Ristigouche being larger llian tho Kistigouche
itself, at the point of tiieir junction.

2nd. — Dr. Gcsner's declaration, that in his opinion
" since the hupiii/ tcnninalion " of the dispute, in
relation to the boundary between Great Britain and
the American government " the range of mountains
" separating the rivers that llow into the Saint
" Lawrence from tliose that llow into the Haie ties
" Ciialeiirs, the Risliguuche and Saint John, will
" form the best divisional line between the Pro-
" vinces."

The first of the above beads is a siilijcct upon
which very little is rc(|uireii to ho slated, for shewing
lis ulter irrcleva'icy to the subject of the dillerencc now
pending.

't evident, and will no doubt bo admitted on the
jiart of both I'lovinoes, that the channel of tho Risti-
goucho river is not a range of highlands, and therefore
cannot form tliu boundary line described in the Quebec
Act.

But were it otherwise, and were tho Ristigouriie
declared by competent aulhtirify to be the true boun-
dary between Canada and New Brunswick, it would
still rci|uire no argument to prove that the Tomkisuac
river is not the Ristigouclio river, whatever may be
the relative dimensions of the two.

It is true that the Tomkisuac is the wider river, at
the point of its confluence with the Risligoucbe, and
this fact, so far from being a new discovery, was a
matter of notoriety many years since among tliose ac-
quainted with that section of the country, although it is
probable that Dr. Gesner might nut have been aware
of the circumstance.

The Kistigouclin river has been known and distin- A|i|»nhv,.v>.
giiished by ils present iiaino fur iiioic ibaii I JO years, " '" '••
and ihi'ii! are ollicial surveys of it, from ils mouth at
Dalhoiisin up to the duo norili line traced from tho
river St. Croix, wiiicli are recorded in the olliceof tho
Surveyor (ieneial of New lirunswick, al' assigning
to it, its then and present designation of " Ristigouclio
river."

Th' general course of the Tomkisuac river is nciarly m.,.. ii
at right angles to that of tliu Risligoucbe, as may ho
seen liy rel'erence to the map. It bills into the Risti-
uniiche river a.iont 2.> miles (measured along the hit-
ler) hi'iow the due iiorlh line iVmn the Sle. Croix,
and ab miles above its mouth at Dalhuusie.

ft is obvious that this additional attempt on the part
of New Hriiiiswick to change tho designation of a part
of the Ristigouchu river, like the attempt already dis-
posed of, where tiie cohimissioner fur New lirunswick rui^os, .fiy.
had declared that tho Baio des Chalenrs extended 17
miles up tho lower part of the Risligmiclie, — cannot ho
allowed to operate to the prejudice of the pre-existing
and distinct rights of Canada.

It may indeed ho conipelcnt for Iho aiitiiorities of
New Brunswick to now proceed to rliango the terms
used in all llieir former and present documenis relating
10 those parts of the Ristigouche river, calling those
portions liy new names, and, in conformity to such a
procieediiii;, to remodel their land patents, acts of par-
bament, maps, plans and diagrams, and even to cause
the same to bo ilunc in private contracts and other
written documents within the limits of their jurisdic-
tion. All this, however, if carried into ellcct would
he perfectly innocuous in regard to any previous rights
or claims which been deliiipd, willi relation to the ori-
ginal and present naino of that river, as its identity
woulil still remain, and tho name by which it was dis-
tinguished at the date of such definition must be the
only one which could by any possibility be referred to,
in discussing such rights or claims.

In examining the second part of Dr.Gesner's Report,
before referred to, it will be necessary to consider what
weigh! should be atlached to the arguments or authori-
ties adduced, in support of his expressed opinion in re-
gard to the position of his proposed boundary line.

These may be summoned up in the tliree following
statements contained in Dr. Gesner's Jlcport, viz : —

1st. — That the boundary ho had proposed would form
the best divisional line " since the happy termina-
tion " of the late boundary disputes between Great
Britain and tho United States.

2nd — That the boundary so proposed by him would
give to eaih Province all the rivers that flow and
open into their respective districts, and would agree
with the physical geography of the country.

3ril — That Iho remoteness of the district of Gasp6, from
the seat of government in Canada, has an injurious
ell'ect upon its civil and moral institutions.

It is ditlicuU to imagine the process of ratiocination
adopted by Dr. Gesner, (for he has not explained it)
in arriving at his conclusion that "the happy termina-
tion " of the disputes with iho United States concern-
ing their boundary, constitutes an iirgument in favor of
the dismemberment of Canada, and the annexation of a
large portion of Gaspe, Bonaveuture and Rimouski to
New Brunswick.

Certain it is that the line he has defined from Cape
Rosters, along the sources of the streams falling into the

till

Saint l.nwrcnro cannot roinridi! with tin; American
line, lull, it' |>riiiliic('il, would cnil 117 uiilis to llic; noilli
of liio julltr, at lliL'ir rispiM liii.' Icriniiialioii"! on llic
iltiL' iiiirlli liiiu I'loit'. till! source III' llii' Saint Cruix, wiiicli
t'orins lliu wrsicrn limit ul' Now liriiniiwick. !

As lliere woiiM lie so i;rciil a iliscrcpanco liclwriii
lliu Aini'rican lini- and llial |)ro|Misi'd In Dr. (icMier, il
lollows lliat tin; inlrrcnce lii! was pli'aM'd lo draw in
I'iivor ol' hit iTo|io-.ilion, from lln' /i((/»/',i/ liriiiiiiiilion
of lluit boniidary i|iii'>lion, is not funnili'il uti lln.' yicii-
lion rctciilly njjrccd uiion for tliu Aniuntan houn-
dary. ' j

Tlio most (ilivions ronclnsion, tliorcrorp, nrisini; from
Dr. (ifsntr's iissuin|iliiMi lliat ilir cxli'iisioii of llir li-
mits li New Drnnswick liad lirconio aihisaldo niiicc
llip hdi'i'i/ li:niiiiiitlii>n of llir Ana'rican iincsllon,
would sfrni to In; lliat In' lahiircd iindi'r iIh' cslri'inrly
crroniMiiis iin|iression, wliicli mIm> a|i|iiMrs to have lucii
adopti'il liy evijrv oilier |iidilic liinitinnary of .New
Urunswick when trealini; npim llie saine (pieslion, that
(iieat Britain cunid not act o|ii'nly in m llliii'.; the
lioundaries of these Colonics diirini; the |iendeney of
lier diirerencu with the I'niled Slates, wilhoiit prejii-
dico to the claims &hu then maintained against thai
government.

V^'xe l,ri VI] It has already liccn shewn, and need not now lie re-
peated, that such an assmnplnin, iiivoliini; the conclu-
sion lliat Great Britain had acted in had f.iiih towards
the L'nitcd States for more than half a c-enhiry, is un-
.suhslantiated and wholly at variance with facts, every
act of the imperial government in relation to the Ca-
nada boundary, as well as the docimienis under the <
Great Seal of the I'rovince of New Brunswick, cstali-
lishinj; thu fnst suhdivisions of that I'rovince, having
been uniformly consistent in relerrini; lo the same line ,
of boundary, e.Mendini; alons; the ran^e of hii;lilands ^
from the Baic des Chaleursto the sources of the Con-
necticut river. Such is the boundary described in the i
I'roclamalion of I'ti.i ; in the (Quebec Act of 177 I ;
in ilie iiritish arguinent with llie United Stales, and in
1 he present statement of the claims of thu I'rovuiee of
Canada. i

Dr. Gesncr's second crnuiid of support fir his pro-'
posed line from Ca|ie Kusier.s ami aliinn; the liiLjhlands
cxtendin,!; from thence westwardly, is that " such a line '
" would e;ive to each Proviiid! all llie rivers that ibiw
" and open into their res|iiclive dislricis and would
" agree with the physical geography of tiie countrv." ;

It cannot be necessary to oppose anv argument to
ibis statement, which were it adiiiilled to be correct,
riiuld not bave the ino.st remnle bearing on the ijues-
tions now pending between the two Provinces.

The southern boundary of Canada, along the district
of (iaspij and the lower part of Bonavcnlure, is estab-
lished by iiniierial authority to bo the norlh coasi of
the Bail! des ("haleurs, which has an indisputablv
defined position, never called in ([iieslion since the llrst
discovery of that Bay by Jacques Cartier, in Julv,
1J31.

To tlie west of tlio Bale des Chaleiirs, the boundary
line, declared by the same authority, follows the well ;
defined range of highlands, extending towards the I
south-west, wiiicb certainly conforms to the phv^ical ■
geography of the country, in giving to each Province
the streams rising within its limits, unless indeed, we
except the river Saint John, which takes its rise in the
United States, and consequently, must bo inii rsected
by the external boundaries of New Brunswick in eitiier
case.

The third and last of Dr. Cisncr's nrgnmrnls, in
favor of annexing mi h.rge an extent of Canadian
Icrritory (o I he Provinie of New Briinswic k, is d.ri»cil
from llie ili|iirii>us ellicls on the ci>ilalid ninral instilu-
lions of till.' (ciiinlry, alleged by him lo be ( unsequcnl
upon the ilisiaiiie of thai turrilory from ibu Caimdiiiu
seat of government,

'I'bis lie has ilbislralid by a special slalemont In
wliicli be avers lliat oh the Canadian side nf ihe Uisli*
HOIK he, irlirfv it 1.1 inhdliilril, for a distance of 70
miles " no slaliilc hdioiir nor iiiililia duly is peifnriiied,
" nor taxes p.iiil, and every man is governed bv his
" own opiiiiiiii of what is right and wrong." *

The ohjeit of the present investigation conc-rning
the siiulhern boundary of Canada, is not the otablish-
nieiil of a ;ic((' and conventiniial boundary line, but iit
conlined Ui llie acipiisiiion of such inforiiiiilioii and
aulhurilii'v, as may be necessary for removing the doubls
w'.ii h have bilherlo been supposed lo exist, in regard
to ibo local application of ihe hinguage used in Ihe
concurrent descriptions of ihal liounihirv, as conlained
111 the Koval Proclamation uf 17(JJ, and the Quebec
Act.

Tliose descriptions, however, do not make tlic posi-
tion ol the soulhern boundary line of Canada contingent
or dependent on the number of m;igisltales a|ipoiiited
aloiii; the Kisiigoiiche river, or the amount of statute
labour, or militia duty, performed there, iind, conse-
(piently. Dr. (iesner's slatemenls in relation in thoso
siilijei is can have no connexion whatever with the
boundary question.

Dr. (iesner's Report, in point of fact, is merely nn
expression of bis private opinion in favour of an
arbitrary boundary between the Provinces, extending
westwardly from C.ipe Hosiers, (as bu has staled,)
" ucfunliiig lo llif ancUnI clwrler of CuiuuUi."

Of this " ancient charter of Canada," I have never
beluie beard mention, but if any such document is in
existence, which is very much to be doubled, it is, of
course, superseded by the Uoyal Proclamation of 17C3,

' 'I'lir nluive nrcdiinl of Ihe MiuthcnKlern iiart of Canailn,
mill llie stale of its civil iii:'liluliuiis, as givriiby Dr. tie-.|iiT, in
rerluiiily 11 most ninniw slalenieiil to iiilniilui-e inin a ilm-u-
iiii'ht lonreiiiiiiy; the piisiliiin whii'li sliiiiilil be as«ii;iiccl to Ihe
siiuihrin li.iiiiiilary of Caiuula.— a iiiiivliun wliirli can enly lie
sniviil by rriirciici' I'l Ihe wrillni aiilbdi-iliiv in whicli llie
buiiiulary line was lirtit ileliiieil, iiuire than eiyhly year.-' ago.

riul nn llieKe clatcnieiits. however limpplicnble to the boundary
liiieiiii|iiisiii)n. wcTr- made in ii report prepareil ill the iuKlance
ol'Ihe j.icuiiiiaiit-tinvrrhnr of aiiiilliir I'lm-itiiw am! were
by liiiii hiiil hillire ibe iiiiperiiil iroviniiiiiiit willinut ret'erence
t'l llic i.'nvcnimi'iit uri/aiiailii. 1 feci hiiuiul (n irivc such iiilbr-
iiiatioii as will serve to nirrccl the errnneiius impresr-ions they
■Mr calciilatcil l.i create, aiiiiiiii,' pcrsmiK not iui|iiaiiitcil with

Ihe acloiil stale of the c( iry iinihr coiisiileraliun. In llie

year iNii), since which liiiir lliere has beei verv lillle addition
I') the imimlation aloiiir the north side uf the l{isti!;oucbe,
the scalicrcd. bill marly iTiiiiiected selllcmenta iiliiiij.' the
iidrtbirii sbiire (inly extended abuel .11 niil.s -.ipwaids I'nini
the mmith nf the river at Kalbiiiisie. I'rnceediiiu' iipwardn
from the end of lliese settlements imd passin|L' an interval el'

I I'l mill's ol unbroken, priiiiilive liirest there wasiuiotbcr uet-
llemint. if such it can he tiTineil. extendiiur tliree-lia;rths of ii
mill' aliiiiir the river, and oinsislinf.' uf rniiKi: fiimilhn mihj,
this latter settlemeiil ticinir un hoth sidcaof the entrance of the
Tomkisuac river, and the last and liigheBt on the Kisiit'ouche.

An Pr. Orsncr lm.< not seen fit to purtirularize the section
of Ibe Hisii;riiiiche. aloiiR which he bad found 70 miles of set-
tled cmintry with only one niatiislrale and where tlie inhabi-
lanls lived beyond llie reuh of law or civil jjoverninent, wo
are Icll lo firm merely runjecturid coiichisions on lliiit subject.
It is. however, evident that Ibis section of 71) miles cannoi bo
taken IromDaihousie.upwnrdfl, as the Keltlcments temiinate

II miles above that point, leavinir '29 miles of unsettled couii-
i try lo cnmplele bis entire distance of 71) miles. Equally evi-
|] dent in it, tliut thoso 70 miles caiuiot bo made to extend down-

[ I-'"' ]

No. ()

whiTO tho ciiatLTii (mrt of (lio Camilla liuiiiulary is " I liavii llicrulorc (o dircitt vnii to place yiiursvlf in

iluscriliiMJ as |i.iN'<iiii; " ali>n); lliu iiiiilli riia>( uC lliu " CDiniuiinlcilloii with Sir Cljaili's flaunt on (his siib-

" yi(/ic (/('» C/ik/cum anil llii! ciia>l 111 llu! null' III' Siiiiil "jt'il, anil In alislaiii Irdiii ailii|iliiig any |)riiLciMlirij;S

" l^awrclire In (;,i|ii! Il(i»irrs, ami Iriilii lliriii:i; crnsMii!; " wliirli aiu iiiilitalin: nl' yniir ilitkliliiinK, in rt'Spott In

" llio iiiMiilli 111' llii! riVLT Siiiiil Lawiciid! In ilie ^Vl•^l " a nkw hiiiiwliii\i/ liite, until you urc I'ully nciiuainHid

" fiiil of ilin MiiimI ol' AnlicnUi, tuimina'lus ut llio " Willi liis views.'
" ulurusiuid rnur Saint Joliii."

Tlio proclaninlinn alxivcincntinnt'd ami llic Qucliec
Acl nf n'\, •vliirli ari! llm miIo aillliiirilit's In liu nm-
siiUlmI ill ililiiiiiif!, lliu biniiiilariis i'' 'ir rastirii pari nf
Camilla, are, linwuvrr, licvrr liifUlinlii^il, imr is lln;
8li^lili;!it alliisinii iiiaili! til lliiMii, III aii\ part nf Dr. .
UfMier'.s III |ii>rt. 'I'liis nini;.Mnu iim>i (•itilainly ap- 1
puar very siirprlsini; uiile.sM \vu ailnpt llin siippnsilinii i
llial it was llie iilijecl nC llii; aiulinnlirs nl New
Urutiswii'k In iiiiliice lliu iinprrlal irnvii'iiiiRiil, liy
rx luirlc. represeiiUilinns, In Ohlalilisli a itiw liiilimliii!/
line, M'ltiii;{ aililu llie ri^lilK iil'Caiiiiila, ami liiMiii'nilirr-
ini; the I'rnviiice, lor llio purpnse of aililnii; lariju

vnrliuiis nl' her lerntiMV In ihal ul Mew llruiiswiek. |

' I

Such a eniiehiNinn is, imleeil, iiievit.ilile rrnm llie
general teimr nf the ilnciiineiils hr>ni;;lit huwaril on llie
part nf New Uruiiswiek in support nf her pielunileil
claims, anil llial sneli was ihe eniislruclinii tiieii pul
upon llin.so ilncuiiienis hy lliu Hritish ^nveriiineiil is
eviileiil from ihe lali!'iia;_'e useil hy the llifjhl llniinialile
Lnril Stanley, Her Majesty's Seirelary nf Stale fnrlho
'.nluuies, ill a ilispaleh i.i llic Jnlli of (lelnher, IHIJ, In
the Lienleiiant-tinvernnr of New UrimswicU, in which
Ins Inrilsliip, iil'ier aikmiwhilgiiig ihu receipt of the
liispaltli cniitaininj5 Dr. (iesnor's Kepnrl anil other
enclosures on ihu saiii'i suhjecl, adds the fnllowiiifi;
remarks : —

" I concur with you in thinking that it will ho de-
" sirahle to as<;erlain with i>recision, and to deliiie in a
" reci.gnised manner, the line of separalimi helween Ihe |
" adjniniiig Hrilish I'mviiires ; hut for this purpnse it
" wiil he requisite to cnnsiilt, in the liist inslunce, the
" (iovernor General of Canada."

wiirils I'rom llic iliie iiorlli line, hb surli u Kupliim wniilil (inly
iiicln.lc Iliri'i-JiiuiHin of a iiiilr nl Vclllciiii'iil, i'oiisisliiii.'(il'//iMr
I'uviilii-n, ill llii! wliuli' ili.-Miicc. Till- must ri'iisdiiiiiilc siip|ii)-
'-'iliiiii wiinlil llH'rcliiri' sti'iu In lir. llial Dr. (ir.-iirr iiitciiilccl
Ills riTiiirliH lu apply lo llir Nri-limi nl' llic Iti.^liLrimclie (vliii'li
■ xtnidH Irnm iii-arly njipci-iu; CanipbeltiHVii, up 1" llic riilraiue
cil'llii; Toiiiki.-unc riviT.

This wimU iiioluilc 70 niilcs iilnnsr tin- Hisiiudiii-jif. with
setlli'iiiriits at i:ilhiT extremity, the exlonl and iharartii- nl'
which may be tliiiH deiscrilieil, viz : —

Extent,
ist.— FifRt sfltlenicnlol' three liiinilieri near llie en-
traiire nl' tlie TniiiklHiiac. river, nil iiii{»niiiliil
I'rnwii lands

Oi{ milo.<.

anil.— Siu-riTilin? uiiscttMd interval descending
the U istignuclie 4 1 J

do.

.'.rd.— First part nfllie Inwcr srlllemi'iitri. oxtn'ine-
ly wattered. and merely skirting the river, nn
iiiigriinted Crown lands 1 1 J do.

Itli. — Uesidno of lower fii'ttlemeiitB. exteiidinL'frnin
Ihe eiiti.iiii'e or.Matapediac river In near Camii-
helltowii, a scattered setlleim'iit iiloii!; the river
u part of which is on granted lands 125 ''n.

Whole distance 70 miles.

It thus appears that in 1830. in the 70 miles of settled coiiii-
Iry inentioned by Dr. tiesiier in IHli. there were nearly 15
miles nf forest, or a trille less tliiiii lif(i-lliinl.i of the whole, ill
one block; that there were only 21* miles of cnnliiuious sel-
tlciie'iils, of which diKtance ll-j miles cniilaiiied niily ii few
scattering families, setlied at random by the river siili

liy

iile on the
waste lands of the Crown. leaviii<t only l^ij miles in the 70
cnming within tlic surveyed and partially granted part of that
section of Canada, where the settlements, thinly scattered as
they were and still are, could possibly be considered of snlR-
cient mamitiide lo warrant the appointment of magiatrates or
militia officers among tliem.

RiiiwH.H nr a livjwii concirnim; Iheilispuled boun-
ilarij liiu, nuidc bi/ Mm H i/Ai;iio/i, I'^m/iiire,
Ihimhj Provincial Sun-vyor of A'eiu lininnwifk.

Mr. Wilkliisnii's Report is, nn many ucconnis, more
woithy nf cniiMileralinn than any other dnenmelit
hroiif;ht fnrward on behalf nf .New Hrunswick, I'nr the
purpnse of sustainini; her pretended claims lo parts of
the terrilury of Canada.

His slaleineiils cnncerning llic Inral statistics nf parts
nf the disputed territory, which he had explnred hy or-
der nl His Kxcellency the Lieulenanl-Gnveriinr nf New
Uriinswii k, niay he relied nn fnr their aii urai y, and,
the cimrsu of rensnniiiij mlnpted liy hini, althuiigh
Iniinded nn nieiely assumed i|;rnuiids, which will lierc-
al/er he shewn In he errnnenus, is certainly very in-
geiiiniis and worthy of havini; hecn applied to a cause
resting on u muro sulid foundation.

1st — Tlii.t report commences with rnising the quostinn,
whether a claim fnr the restnratioii of the ancient
limits of Xiiva Scotia (from tho river Chaudiere
along Ihu south shore nf the river Saint Lawrence to
Cape (iaspe) might not ho revived, in virtue of tho
clause in the (iiiehec Act, that nothing therein con-
tained should in any wise aU'ect the buundarics ol°
any other colony.

The consideration of this question is nnt carried on
by Mr, Wilkinson, hut is left open, ap|iarctitly with the
view of atlempling to fmiml annther claim upnn it, in
favor of New Hrunswick, at snnie other period.

:ind — The next succeeding pages of Mr, Wilkinson's
Report are taken up in altein[iting to prove the pos-
sibility or plausibility of the suppn.sitiun, that the
snutliern hnundary nf Canada was origiiiallv intend-
ed In extend frutii the head nf the Haie des Chaleurs,
linrthwardly, passing beyond, nr along the sources of
all streams failing into the Ristignuclie river, to llic
snurces nftlin.se which t-ill specilically into the, river
Saint Lawrence, and tlieneo along the latter south-
westerly to tho source of the River Saint John, the
latter point being supposed hy Mr. Wilkinson, in this
case, lo form the fnrinei ;:nrlli-west angle of Nova
Scotia, as described or referred to by the American
Commissioners in framing the treaty nf 178J.

3rd — In tho remainder of his Report Mr. Wilkinson
gives snine valuable infnrinalinn concerning the tn-
pngraphical features of parts of the disputed territory,
and proposes sundry other linos, as being more de-
sirable to adopt fnr the hnundary, in regard to the
interesLs <if New Urunswick, than that line which he
had previously defined.

In cnmmencing tho consideration of this Report in
detail, we come first lo the question concerning the re-
vival of a claim for the supposed ancient limits of Nova
Scotia.

The original grant, hy the British Crown, of the ter- Appciuiii, N,
ritory first callcil Nova Scotia, as made to Sir William '•
Alexander in 1G2I, included large sections of country
then belonging to a fuieign state, and was, in cunse-

[ 1<5 1

(luence, a mere millily iis fur ns the |io!tM)«»ions of micIi
f.iriii'^ii (.l.ili; llitii cxtiniliil. It wasmily iillfr u la|i»n
iif I 12 MiiTN, iViiiii lliu iliitu tiflliin i;i'iinl, that (iruiit
Hrilaiii liiiiillv lami; iiiti> pii.s»t'.s.>iiiii of nil lliu turriliiiy
iiicluilcil ill iliu uriniuiil (li'»Lri|ilii)n iliurcnf, uiul fur
many years |iiiiir Id lliis, nil tiglils supimscd ti) have
Ipceiiciealeil l.y the f;ruiil of Nuva ScDlia, had eeaM'd
to exist, and have never since hceii revived, or recog-
nized hy the Uritiah governineiil.

This may he rendered eviileni hy slinply rrferring to
some of the facts connected with the former history of
that section of the country, ami I therefore siihjoin a list
ill chronoliyical order, ciMilainiiin the ihite.s and eiuime-
ratiun of sundry |iiildie ads, which, of themselves, will
prove the utter iin|iossilulity of now instituting any
claims lor r"storing the supposed ancient limits of
Nova Scotia.

A.I).

Hii\. — \cva Scotia grniited to Sir Willinm Alex-
ander.

mi-l — Sir William Alexamler dispatches a nuiiilier of
emigrants to Nov . Scotia who do not estahlish
themselves.

16:23 — Sir VVdIiam Alexander's settlers return to
Kngland.

ICJI— Order of Knights Haronet of Nova Scotia
founded hy Charles 1st of England.

1629 — \ova Scotia, with the exception of I'ort lloy-d,
conveyed hy Sir William Alexander to Claude de
l,a Tour.

1633 — Treaty of Saint Gerinains In which Nova
Scolia, Cape Breton and Canada were restored to
France.

163-1 — Suiulrv grants of land in Nova Scotia made by
the Crown of fiance to Charles Etienne <le La '«
Tour. I

1U38 — The Kini: of France assigns all that part of
Acadia or Nova Scotia, lying to the west of a line
drawn Irom ihe ( inire of the Hay of Fnndy to
Canseau, and soulh of the parallel of the .IGtli
degree of north latiluile, to La Tour.

1056 — Grant made hy Oliver Cromwell to Sj Charles
de La Tour, of certain portions of Nova Scotia.

1667 — Treaty of Ureda, Acadia again ceded to France.

161)1 — Charier of William and Mary, annexing Aca-
dia or Nova Scotia to Massachusetts.

1696 — Treaty of Ryswick ; Acadia again restored to
France.

17 1,3 — Treaty of Utrecht ; Acadia according to its an-
cient limits ceded to Great Britain.

1763 — Definitive treaty of peace between the Kings of
Great Britain and France, hv which Nova Scotia
or Acadia, Canada, &ic., weru linully ceded to
Great Britain.

It thus appears that the original grant of Nova Scotia,
ocsides being of no elliict in regard to a considerable
part of the comprised territory, which then actually be-
longed to the Crown of Franco and formed part of
Canada, was cancelled only eleven years after its date,
by the cession of all the territory it tjmbraced to France,
hy tlie treaty of Saint Gcrmaius.

I We see, since that period, that dilliTent grants of
' tracts, coinpri'hciidcd in the originally dcMribed limits

of Sir Willi.ini Ali'xalidur's grant, have heen made by

llie Crown of France,

Wi! also see ihat when Great llrilain came tempo-
rarily into po>>essaHi of ihrt saiiii' trails, on two subsi-
i|ilciil iii'casiotis, she did llol alli'iiipl lorelii'W lliisi;rant
I as at liisl deliued, hut in the lirsl case, she u'lanled ii
portion of it ill a liia t o| ipijtr a dillirenl dcscn|>lionv
.iiid, in the siroml, she annexed the wlioh: to another
I'rov ince.

These latter acts of (ireat llrilaiii, like the original
grant o| No\a Scolia, were respectively sii]M'rse<led alul
set aside by cessions of the iiu ludeil ternlorv to the
Crown of France, and, when bv the lii alv of I'irccht,
(ireat Britain linally ohtained the cession of Acadin
ai coriling to lis ancient liniils, the territory so ceiliil iliil
not <:vtinil to thv Saint Luwrrnvc river, but Icrnti-
n(iti:it on the jiaralld of the lO//* de/^ree oj north,
liililuilc.

The oiiginal grant of Nova Scotia, ihercforo, never
coinc\ed to that Province a shadow of title to any part
of Canada as then biuindcd, Ihe soulhern limit of tlio
hitler along the Acadian territory, being at that time
niueli farllier to the soulh than the present soulhern lino
of Canada, ami, thueiiliie grant liecaiue null and void
hy ihe treaty of Saint (leriijains, when that part ol thb
country wa:; restored to France.

It would certainly have been competent for Great
Britain to have revived and risloreil the supposed
ancient limits, which she bad originally assig.ied tiv
.\o\a Scolia, when, after the delinilive treaty of peaci.
in ntid, she was left ill full anil undispiiled possesAioii
of all the eastern parts of the North American conti-
nent.

This, however was not done. — Great llrilain look the Apptmlij \t.
more noble part of giving sneli boiindnries to Canada as '■'■
would include within their limits, as far as possible, all
the old French Canadian grants and selllemenls, securing
to the inhaliitants, at the same time, the lull enjoyment
of their religion, iiieir laws, and their social usages.

The case was dilTerent In regard to tlio Acadian set-
tlements. These had already been repeatedly in the
possession of (ireat Britain, and the lew inhabitants
remaining there, after their dispersion in Septemhir,
1750, lormed only a small remnant, of which a por-
tion then bore allegiance to the Crown of Kngland.

Wc accordingly find that on the Canada side of the Pngr 11, ctsc/;.
boundary line, as already defined in preceding parts of
this Report, all primitive giants o( land, made hy the Api«nclii, .N"i>.
French government, have heen recognised and main- '■^'■*' '■* '"'
tained by tlie Crown of England, while, on the
contrary most, if not all of the old French grants in
Nova Scotia, including the present Province of New
Brunswick, havo been .set aside, and the lands so
granted annexed to the domain of the Crown.

Among the French grants in Canada, still held in

virtue of their original titles may he mentioned the

Fiefs or Seigniories of Ctoridon, Lake Matapediac,

and Madawiisliu and Luke Temiscouula, the forintr

, having, indeed, heen acquired by the Crown, but by the

I Royal droit de retrait, which amounts to a bond fide AiiiJcndix.iX'o.

' purchase from the previous proprietor. ***•

j All these seigniorial grants are included in the part Mi.|iA.

of Canada now claimed by New Brunswick. But it

was not only the northern boundary of the then new

; Province of Nova Scotia to which a new and restricted

! position was assigned. Great Britain had always main-

[17]

tninei!, thai liy tlm river Snint Cniix, n« tnontinnnil in |
Sir Willia:ii AIuxiiikIit's f^raut, viiin inli^iiiliMt (lii>
IViitiigot't iir IV'iiiiliM'iit river, wlilcli, in conitiKiii willi
otiivr Klroiuiiii in tliut vicinity, liiiil fi>rniurly burnu tliti
•unm lido,

Ap|iriulii,Nii. In llio (lcs(Ti|ilionH ol llin wrslmi Imiiniliiry of ilio
2- imw I'nivincr nf Nnv ii Si miii, irivcn in llin ninniistidn

Id Miin(H);iiu Wiiniiil, ilatcil ^Ist Nnvcnihi'r, I7(i:(, tlio
iiliDVu L'liiiin in ruluticin to <ini:ii'nt Nnvii Sinliu wiis
*|)i'ciiillv lufLTrcil til, liut at tlio .sciniu time, liii' western
limit i)( lliu lint; I'riiviiicu iif tlie Kami! iiiiiiio was
t'N|ii'Ossly icKtrirlL'il to the triik Saint Omix rivrr, u|i
Id its sourri', anil liy n liiir ilrawn ilur luirlli I'rnm
tlionce, to llie |irL'viim>ly (Itliiitil soiilliurii Imuiidiiry of
Cu inula.

Tlio present weslprn l)i)ni)ilary of Now Hniiiswiik
Was tliiTefiire, exprcusly iinil uilvisnily, ('sliilili>lii'il in
I7()3, liy roiii|i('tent iiillliorily, not at tlir western limit
of Sir William AleKamicr's |;raiil, lint tonsiileralily
further to the eaiitwaril.

.\|v'n.lit

I, ■!, N, y

lU.

AppduliiAi.

Nil. 'I'liere were some ililUcnliies mot with in finally
"""' ileriilini; on that |iarliriiliir liniiiih of the Saint Cidin,
fririi tile soiiree of wliii:h the ilue north line w.i'. to lie
Ir.ieeil, lint all tlio^e ilillieiilties have lieeii seltleil anil a
north line is now ileliiiitivi ly est.ihlislieil, lorniiii'.;' the
liivisioii helween the Hntish |iii>si'>Niiins imil the
territory of the state of .Maine, ii|i to the |ilare of its
intersi'ition with the river Saint John, ah ml 3,") miles
to the iiorlhwaril of the true iiorthen liouniiary of New
Hrunswick.*

1st. — It is tlms rcnilereil r.ompletely eviileiit Ihiit the
ori;;inal j;rant to Sir William Ale\,iiiiler, nrrvr conlil
liavu conveycil any right, to the nuith of lliu llith
(Icgrco uf north latitmlu

2nil. — That every riniit ilerivahle from that iirant was
utterly anil (or ever eancelliil (unless uiherwise
reneweil) in IGJi, only eleven year.j afler its
original ilate.

3r(I. — That itianv reeoirniz'il iniitations of sovereignty,
as well as of iniliviiliial temire of the same lerrilory,
liavG also oeenrri'il since the treaty of \l'''M, wliii li
of themselves, wmiM iiave entirely exlinguisheil
every claim growini; out of the original grant of
Kiji, hail any such claim or claims still remained
in existence.

Past' ll,c<J'i/.

Apjirnilix, No.
M, 14 anil U'

Mtp C.

'\p|ienilix, iX'o.

I.I

kli-pA.

• The Hi\lei-tiim of the ncirllierii iiisleml nl' the. weslerii
hr.inrli 111" till! Saint t,'ri>ix liir the Iminiilary lias lieen Iniiilly
eiiMilniniiMl by iiiaiiy, parlii-nliirly liy llie (uMipli- of \e\v
Uniiiswirk, wliii maiiitniii that the western liniiuli sliimlil
have lireii taken, lieraii^e the \ve>trnmici.-l siimTe iir ^prniL'
ol'a river callcsl the S.iint Cri)i.\. wa-i iiii'iiliiineil in the irniiit
111 Sir William .Mexaii.ler. I iiiukI he iillnweil In e\pie>s iny
I'liliri'ilivsi'iil iViinisnrlia ciini-liisinn, ami tiie realms iirire.! in
iirt rJiipporl. Tile I'oniier liiiiili el' Sir William .\lexaniler's
Kr.inl, as has been shown, are iiirt the liinil.s snlisefpieiilly
iissi^iii'il to the. I'riivini'e nl' Niiva Sriitia. (iiii-lniliii!,' New
DninKwii'li,) nor can ihe former he in any wine relerruil to, for
duliiiing the poHlllon of tliu latter.

Hesiiles, as the hminilary line, of wliirli the river Saint
Croix from it.s muiilli to its simn-e, rorms a part, was to he a
vcilrri) ami an luialfrn lionmlary resiH'Ctively. to the eoii-
terininnuspossessioimol'Great llrilainiinil lliel'iiiii'il Slates. —
it wiLS certainly more reasonahic to adopt the hraiirli of the
ri. .r exteiiilinjr in a northern ami smiihern ilirei-lion. than In
have taken aniilher hrani'h rnnnini,' transversely to the sjeiieral
conrse of the boundary, wliie.h would have forineil a sonlhern
nnd northern iiisteiid of a western and easlera hoiindarv for
the respci'tive posBessioiiB of the two powers. There have
been many diseordaiit aiithoritie.s riled t'orsliowin!: the dis-
Iniicc between the respective ineridianB of the northern nnd
western iioiirres of the Saint Croix, ii few of which 1 here
subjoin. Mremising that the first ami airnml, derived from
actual surveys, are the most to be depended on.

The dietancen, contained in the first column, are taken from
the several nuthoritiea referred to, nnd npj)ly to the latitude
ofUio Sclioodic lakes, or weetern branch ol the river.

From ihosn rnnsiilcrntinnii, nnil those which precede
them, the inevilahle ninchiHion is, that tliern is not a
shadow of support for the continually rejiealed assninp-
tion of Mr. Wilkinson, and others, on the part of New
llrunswick, that tho position of the western huiiinhiry
line of that i'rovincu is still uiiM.tthal and khould now
he estaldished Hccording to one of the many descripliolll
in the Miveriil private grants, formerly miidu of the sumo
.seitioii of the country, the particiihir private grant, to
which they now refer, having liecn rendered • oiil ami
iiun-uxislent for more tlum two centuries.

It can hardly he necessary to lollow Mr. Wilkinson ri't'c4,tM.r;,
throiiglioul his argumiiil ciiiiccriiing the posiliiin of the " "'
soiithern honndiiry of (aiiaila, that snhject having al-
ready heeii considered at length in this KeiKirt.

.\ hrief review, however, of mime of tho most pronii-
neni uroimils adduced in support of (he conchisionfi
adopleil hy him, may not he out of place, as it is tho
only insiance where the .M'inlilaiice of argument linx
lieeii atteiiipled, on iH'halfof New Mrimswick, in defenco
of her extended claims.

Mr. Wilkinson's main grounds of argnmen, consist
in the assumption that (ireat Mritain had tacitly or
directly admilled that the hinmilary of the (Jiiehec in t
was, as asserted hy tjic .Americans, Hloiig the norllieni
range of higldands ; that n " dociiment, repnrled In
•' have heeii recently found in I'aris, relating to Ihis
" line of the treaty of 17H,)," more than cornihoiateil
that view of the question, and, lastly, that a striking
consei|uence of the above exposition was, that thu
north-west annie of Nova Scotia, named in thu treaty
of I7H;5, would exactly coincide with that specilieil in
the original .American proposition at thecoinmencement
of the Megotialions, that is to say, at the soiiri f of thu
river Saint John.

I'pon this curious foimdalion does Mr. Wilkinson
propose to estahlisii a territorial claim on behalf of New
Hrunswick.

The assumiitinn that fireat Britain had admilled, in-
directly or otherwise, that the descriptions in the I'ro-
clamalion of I7(i;{ and the (Juehec .Act, might apply to
the northern range of highlanils, exlending from {.'apo
Hosiers to the westward, is utterly unliuinded and can
easily he disproved.

I have added a column, sliowlii!; the cniiver!!ence of meri-
dians fiiiiii the S.'hnodie. lakes to the river Saint Jnlin, and
another I'linliiiiiinr the rednred ilislanee at the laller point.

AlTlI'iniTIES COX.SrLTKD.

nritisliOffii'inl Map A , as compiled froir nclual
.■Surveys, (ish)

-..■Vmrrii'iin Map nf Maine, from arUial Sur-
veys, (1811)

nniTieial Map of N'lw Brunswick, liy the Sur
I veyor (ieniTal uf that Province, (lI*i'J). ,

'1 Map of tlio British Commissioners, Messrs.
I Mucl;»eanil l-^alherstonhaujjli, (I8J11*)..

American detached plans of Sur^-eys accord-
lnj{ to iiicusurcs uf given liiieH thereon...

ti American detaeljetl plans of Surveys, accord-
ing to the given scale of the same

TOIficial Map by \Vm. F. Odell, then a Sur-
veyor of New Brunswick, (18*21) ..

.Miles
18,10

18,35

17,80

17,-»0

1C,C7

1G,U0

8,70

Miles
0,U2

o.fii;
o,co

0,SG
0,29

-J

.Miles.
17,78

17,73

I7,'2l)

1G,81

IG,11

15,-lG
8,11

[18]

In sciirn' |ii'riiiili nl" llii< firiinT ili.MiixsiiiMi with lli(

(Iiivrililiii'li

I ol'l-

SNllr

hr iiniiils

<r (ill

ii 111'

Inili ili<l illilrni iK'iiv (lir I'lulil ol' llir cillirr |iai It In I'l'li'r

lo III!) ili'v'ri|iiiiiii iIikm' hI liirnii'r |iiiiviii<'iiil
NiiliiliviiliiiiHiirirriihirv, llii'ii li'i'iiiiiif; |>iirl nl iln' I iniiil

roiiliiilii'il

|iiiilirill.ir (iili'-iili'riilliMi .Hill la
' 'nvii wmil.t, vix : —

Slai

rs, lis iiiilliiinlirN in I'm' uiU'iimnls Hull |ii'li

iliii.

I'liliti'iiiliii'' llhil tlh' Iri'iilv III' I 'i>*:i sliiiiilil III' niiislniril

|K'ri'iii|iiiiiilv, mill mill in n'lrrimi.' In iIh

liiii!;iiii.i;i'

TliiTc is one iiiiiri'iiliiixnlntompntiif, Innil ri'riTi'rMc,
III Ml'. Wllkihvni's Ki'|iiiri, wlili li iliMiMii

LTt'liiri'

gIM'll III

lii«

llii'ri'in ciinl.iiiH'il.* Iliil, iil llii' siiinr liiiic, vi l.ir runii | " s.nirs IViMii llir Siiiiil

" l-'iMin llie rliiM' iirnviniily nf llir iNuiunMr wiili'rs
nl'llir ll|i|ii r S.lllll .Inlill III lliiiM' III' llir Sllllil l.iiw
irliri', il IS ilii't jliilili' llhil III II li'W yiit\ llir ulinlo
nl'lliiil lri;iiill will lir >ii|i|iliril willi iiii|>ii||i'i| nrccs.

Smli is ll

iliijilt i

I'il^S II

lli.il till

llrIM

iiiil.ii'i III' Cniwiilii si

liiiiilil

imrll

iilviinl,ii;r of llir ilnwiiwaiil, .is riini|«iiril willi

H' uri'iit

A|i,;»ali«,

'.:j iiui .III.

liril

mil in.iMiliiiiiril

rrii niiiu;r nj' liii^liiiinils, (iiriil I " ii|iw.ii'il mil i^iillmi njilir Siiiiil .luliii, ihnl it i an liinilly

iMilMI'l III llir liiool iMirilillviiiMl

liiri

•''''' ami |Mi-ilivr llililinrr. lis limv lir srrli liV n Irililii; lo
lnT sliilriMi'llls ill li'liiliiin 111 llir Fli'l 111' iMiiiliiW.islv.l.

>rlll In wliiil iMinl llir mrri

Inillii: nui)' CM'liliiiiily jurviiil.

llllvillll,

igL'Olil

Tlii.s sliilriniiil is, III) il.iiilit sirirlly nirrrrl, liiil llin
(irivil llriiaiii, llirri'liirr.nrvrr ilriiiril llir ri)iiiiii|riiir vrry sinnnlur inliirmr ilrawn llirri rrniii, hv Mr.

ol llir lirir si

ir riailiii'il li:,'aili^

^1 llir Ijiilril Slalr> Willi i UilKiiiMiii |s, lliiil iiislrail iil'nilliii!

iililV

jiiir-

llir iorrrs|i.iiiiliiiir |,,,|| (i|' ||,,ii wliiili slu! Iiail liuiiirrly ! limi nl' Caiiaila, liy any niir i\' llir arliilriirv liniiiiiiiirv

rlini'il fur till

siiiilliri'n liiir

111' (.'iiii.iil.i

.illliiiii<i|i, III

irs siini;r-.lril \iv liini, llii) wlinlr nf (I

liiiiinili

rriml of llir lllsl■lls^lllll^ rnnrrriiiiii; llir .\iniMiiiiii

irv

slir iili|ri Iril In llir art

lis |ilir|iii|lllil{ In

iifllir I'lnvii
l.awi

II' riislrin jiiirt
IT, ll|i III 111!) sniilli slmri' nf llir Saint

III In 111' iiiiiiiM ll (71 liliic til \i

rir

11' liiiinilnl ml siii'li (ninriilriii r nr iilriilll\ i>i llir Iwnii wirk, sn |,ir In llii' wrslwanl as In ilirliiilr ||ir I'nrt uf

ilirs as irrrlrvaril, mi llir ''riuiiil, as In Inn; oliMrvi'il,

tliat III.

illV nf I'l.S.t w.i.s ililrlilli'll I'l 111' cniislruitl

|>rri'ni|ilnrilv, williniil ri'lemiiu in nllicr aullnauy.

Ai'l'.'n.l.x,N.i

Hill,

nn iirininili',' n nmrr

rrf. ll kliinvlrili;r nf llii

Uivrr ilil l.nllli wilhin llir lallt'I' I'

{'nlllllirMi
irv. ll is il

11 |irn|iiisi|i,iii is wlinlly lllillrrrn.

rl'i'ill

nln inns llial IJir nrii'inil

Irilliiris i.| llir rniinlrv, llir jdnal riMiMnissinnirs, cm- |j am

I Nl

.;iiiii In (iiral liiiliiin, in I7ti.), In ('

\a Srnlla, wrlr nol

iin.iiU
iilinii uiMinnt iliui

|il.Mrll nil llir s.ini.' Ilnllllil.irv l|lli'Sliii|l, llllly IMiilrll, ill i Cnllsillrralinll ill rrs|iirl In llinr [insilaiiK, anil llir MTV

ilirir viiliialili.' iiml |iriiilu al l!r|

ml llii! Iiniiiiilarv

sliilrinriil L;i>t'ii In .Mr. Wilkin

<if llir Hrnrla

nialinii ami

il\f\

ll alliK.rllirr li '<» ar^'iinirnl as nin In

sun IS, |irrlia|is, as .slrniijr

aililiiiril ir^MiiiM

I till

|iin|irirly

In llir sniilli nf llir Kisli^'mirlir rilrr, anil lliiil llic liiir I' >'r cviirilirliiv, In say llnlliiii;,' nf llir jiislirr, nf imw
wliirliniiMJit, iinilrr ihr Iri ah'.lii lia\u lirrii llir iinrllii'rii |' siilisliliiliiiu a iii.'W mill arliilraiy linumlarv in ihr |ilai'r
lininiil.iiy nf p.irl nf llir Iniinl Slairs, w;;s iiliiilir.il ( '_'' ll"-' am inil mir, I'nr llir |iiii|)nM' nf ii:;i;iaiiilizii|.^r
willi a srrlinii nf llii: .sniilliirn liniimkiry nl Caiiiula.

Il raiiiiiil 111! iii'crssarv In fnllnw Mr. ^Vilkillsnn'

Ni'W I

wii'k ami llirii'ln ill

|iri\ I

Camilla nl Ir

nrsiniK'nl iiiiv

liirlli

It lias lii'i'ii sill

llial Nl

linilHwic'k raiinnt lir iiiailr In rslriiil In llir wrslwaril
nf llir iiirriiliaii rf tlii! miimi'l' of llii: .Saint C'roi\ rivir.

ll lias also liron slmwn lliat Nrw Dniiivwiik (■annul
I'Mi'liil In Ihr iinrlliwaril nf tin: liii;lilanil riiiiur |irn(rril-
in^ frniii llir lirail of fliu Hair ili s (■|iiilriii's In llir
sniirrrs of tlir ('nnnrrliciit rivrr; ami il raiinni lii;
nccrssary to riilrr inin an arLjuiiiriil In |irin.' iliat " llir
" ilnciiinrnt rt'porltil in havr lirrii fmiml in l'ari>,"
wlii'llirr t'xlstrnt nr nnii-rxislrnl, ran cnir.lilnli! nn
imllinrily fnr cnnslriiiii;; llir ilr>:i'ri]ilinns in llir Knval
I'r.iclaiiiation and lliu (im-liK; Act.

Till' v.iriniislininiil.iry liiirs prnpnsril liy Mr. Wilkiii-
mii as ciiiivriiliniiiil liniiinkirirs, nr linrs nl'cnnvriiiriiic,
liaviiiu; lirrn Mlir',"'-li'il nil llir ii'-suiiii'il, Inil rrrniirniiv
irrniiiiil, lliiil llir iMMiidary lirlwrrn Caiiaila anil .Nr\v i
Hriiiiswiik- woiilil puss alnn^r ijiii nmi-r nnrll.rni r.ini,'r
(if lii:,'lilamls, il is nf iMiirsr iiiimrrsMiry In rniir inin a '
rniisMl.Talinii n( llirir inrrils. ('aiiaila claims no rmi-
vrnlinnal liniimlary, nn linr nf (.'iin\riiirm;r : Slir ,
nirrrly asks In lir put in pnssrssioii uf llie lands con- i
luincd williiii lirr ilrllnrd limitn. I

* In the nrirnnirnt of ihr nL'i-nt of Ili» rriliuinir Majrrttv
nrforr llin coiiiiiii.ssioinT.'i iiniliT tia' .'ilh arlii'lr iifllir trciily ijf i
Ghent in ISiil, is coiituincd llic- folluwina stnlemont, viz;—

* • * * " The. nr^fiininit iif the Aiiirn'riiii cimiinissiuiHTs !
" in this ri'L'nr.l i.* iJiiiiiiln! on iJir iisMiiiiiptimi iliat Ihr lliriiirr '
"soiillH'rn hciiiiiiliiry nf Uni'h.'r lay In llir iinrlliHiiril iiflhr '
"Saint Jiihii ami Kisli','iiin-hi', wliii-h iis.-iiMipiion ifl nol'
" only L'raliiil.iii'.. liiit inron^isirnl with Ihr (Irsi-ripticin of Ihr i
" line, wliii'h coiikl iifnr in Muii msv nnili the lluu r/'i
" ClmUuiK." ' » • » * * ♦

Tlip nhnvp trstitnony is parliriilarlv wnrthv nf ronKlilrralion, i
na it coinrs from llir prn of Ihi; hoiinriilile \Viinl ( 'hipmuii of I
New Dran«ivirk, Ihe pri'sent iliirf iuMii-r of thai I'roviiiir, |
who in the Bamr aririiiiniit Kii.«iaiiirif llir prinripli of coiiMru-
ing the triaty of 17H3 pcrcniiiloiily, willioiit ri'lrrciicc to I
extrancoua auU'.oriti(;8.

lilnry liiiaiMiilii'd In hrr l>y tlic must snlrinn ucls of ihe
iinprrial gnvirnniriil.

\i). 7.

RcmarliH nn Slulnitcnln cniivrrniin: l/ic tin.idtliil
Innindarn liiw belwcin Ctinmlii aiid Xnr llniim-
irick, niiitiuniil in ])i ijiiilclici from lliu E.ntt-
Inu-ii Sir William Machiiin (irtir^c Ctilrhrookr,
K. II., Lii'iitrncint-dorfnior of i\,ir llniiiniritl;,
to the Ui^lit lloiiiinililc Lont '.Sidiitrii, Ihr Ma-
jvsly's StcnUiry of Statejhr the Vuluiikn.

KXTBACT FIKST.

{Dated Frcdericton, N. B, OOM September, 1812.)

• * * • " Hi'sidrs Ihr nrdinarv nlijr'-linns In u
" riviM- houmiary, Ihr Kislinmichr Wiiuiil lliiis (-11111,11-
" liilo a vrry incnnvcniriii Irnnlirr lirlHcrn Canada
" and N'ru' jiriinswick, and, rriiirrinn In ihr iiatiirul
" principal nf ihr liniimlary srlilrniriit nf n.S;i, (hat nf
" II linr alniiL; lliu liinhlands dividiiii; llir walrrs llnw-
" ill!,' in oppnsilo dirrrlinn.s, I am inclinod In think that
" thr most fli^rihlr line of .srparation lirlwcrii Ihr two
" Prnvincr.s, wnulil lir a dirrtt onr, fmin llio Saint
" Frani'is to llit' heifrlits wliicli funned llii; limits nftlio
" Anierican chiims, and wlii(di tlirir siirvryors cxplor-
" od in iho la.st yoar, nml along tlio.se liriglils to tlio
" eastward.

" The intersection, by .siicli n lite, of ilm sireanw in
" llie liii;lilands is of liltio (:onst(|u(!ncc ; bnt when
I' they (le.seend and lieconic navigable it is manliest (bat
" in 11 new rounlry, acces.slblo only through its rivers,
" a line either intersecting or dividing the rivers
" and (heir tributaries is ralcnlated to produce a con-
" flict of jiirisdiclion, and for a time, tlic occupation of

L tn

•' 11. "

" till' iiitcriihili.iln li iriiiirv liv ii liivvli'*s {iii|iiiliiliiiii.
"Til |irr\c'iil llii' ilisjiiili'-i iiii-'iii^ Iniiii lliiM' (iiuM>

" WilNlillS iiHlvIv llll' illlrlJllnll lll'llll' IHX"'''''"!'"'' I^'^'li

" IlilltMl."

KXI'IUIT HM'llNn.

{Datfd Freihrittoii, A'. B. I Uh i\iweiiihvr, IS 13.)

" I ri'ijn't tliiil ll is iiii|irni'liriilili> In rrrniii ill' llic
'* vifiWH 111' ilir tw.i |irii\ iiii iiil Kiivcrnriii'iils ; liiil, iis ,i
" ili'ciili.'il ii|iiiiiiiii it lii'ii' riilirliiiiii'il lliiil ('iiiiiiilii piiH-
" W'sNi's nil I'hiiin wliiili'i I'l' III liliv Irli'ilni't siiiilli iil In r
" Niiiillirrn liiiiiiiil.irv, uh ili'liiicil in (ho (jiiilrc Act, li\
" llic riiiii{i' 111" hills lAn'iiiliiii; wrstWiiril Iriiiii llic liiail
" iil'thu Iliiii' ili'M Cli.ili'iirs, ami llirri' lii'inu; in fiiit im
" (ilhtT lini' III' liilU niirilivviiril nl'llii' S.iint.liilin, wliirli
*' ciinlil liv liny liiwsiliiliiy cnnsliliiir lirr simiiIiitii linnn-
" il.iry, lliii inlriniriliiili' liTrilnry in iiiirsliim, wliirh
" WHS ilninii'il liy till' Aiiiiiii'.ins, iircissiinlv ti'MTlril
" III lliis IViiviiuT wImii lliiil cl.i;!!! was ii.liiii|iii>liLil
" liy lln! iriiily ni' \Va.'.|iini;(iin."

'II lliir |ll'ii|l<lsril lilli' III' liiillllililiy wliirli His K\-

M'lli lirv wilt imlniril III lliilik wmil'l lir llir must
rlii;ilili r><r ili\ iilini; ihr I'niv ilirr, is />«/ llii' linr iiisiKif
I'll In liir.il III Main t'lir llirit |iin'|iiiM'. Tin' Wi-Nicrii
|i.ii'l, a> ili'M rilii'il liy ||i<i I'ai i lli'lii y, ii aliniil liOiiiili'4
, III llir Wf.il III' ihr wi'Nli'in liniii nl Nrw iliiiiiswii K, anil
nearly l.'il inilrn In lliii iiorlh uf llii' Iriir .viuilii'iN
iMniiilary line ii| (nnaila,

I ll may III' irliaii'ki'il lliiil IliH Kxii'lli'iiry lias luilv
i;i\rii a jiarlial ilrirriiiliiui nl' llns liiir, us la- iiarilv
Mali's ilinl il sliiiiilil |iriirri ll alnni( i riiain lirii;lilN " lo
" //((' iii.ilu'tinl,'" li'iixiiit; lis cniinl* in llir iLnk as in
ilir |iiiiiil nilriiili'il llir ils I'.isk'i'ii irriiiiiialhiii.

ll a|i|ii'ars liinlily prolialili' llial llin KMilli'iicy iti-
Icnilnl Ills own st;ili iiii'iil anil Dr. (irsmr's l(i'{iiirl In
III' I'lnsjiji'ii'il lis pails III' llii' saniii ilninnirnl, us ihrv
wiMi' li'illi I'lirvmnliil In lirr Miijisly'.s Si rri laiy uf
Slalu I'lir llii' Ciiliiliirs 111 till' saiia' liiiir.

(Ill lliis siippiisiliun llir (li'siriiiliims nf llii< linrs mi
rrspi'i livily pnipiisi'il f.ir llii,' niirllurn Imiiniliiry nr.Nrw
liriiiisw ii'K, nil' riMiiplrli', wliicli llirv arr nut il'i'iilirr
ili'scriplinn 111' liikin liy ilsi'lf, I'cir, His Kxri'lji iiryN
prnpiisi'd lini', rvlriiiliiij; rrmn llir Sainl Kriinris Inccr-
laili lirii;lils " iii\il iiloiiff IIiohc lu'iifliti lo Ihv Kisl-
In the firsi nf llii' fiiri'Hiiini; rxlrarls ii niay lir mtii " m'k/v/," iiml Dr. (Ji'sinr's prnpnsiil linn cxlriiilini;
llial His Kxrrlli'iiry has nrillirr rilril mil niiiili' llir i ",/'/V(m r.'dyii.' Wo.i/cr " iiliinj; llir siiinr lirii;lils, iT prn-
^lil{hll'st alliisinn in llir II i\,il PrnrlaMialinn nl' Hli.) ; liin,'ril, iiiiisl inrvilalily inci I, anil ihi' Iwn wmilil llirii
linr llii' (jinliiii' .\('l nf 177 I, wliirh, lu't i rilirlrss, ini' '■ rnriii mir innliniiiiiis lini' Irniii llir i;iiir of Suiiit Law-
lliii on!)/ Ii'niliiiiali' aiiilinrilir'i In III' rrli'rri'il In in ili" ' ri'iici' In Ihu rivir Saint I'Viiiu is.
tnriiiiiiiiii; thr iirit;ini.il pi'silinn as.si<;nn| In Ihn mmiiIii rii i

hounilary ol' C'aiiaila. I 'I'lii' ahsiirilily nf ( liiinliii;, as a mallrr nf ri'.'lil, ihiil,

I \r\v llriinswirk sliniiiii nn\v lia\r sin h uililitinns inaili'
Tho Irriily nf I'aris, nf I7H.1, is, linwrviT, iiilviTli'il j Inlnr liiiiils, rrnin Caniiiliaii lirrilnri, lias alrcaily hui'ii
III ill ri'l.ilinn In riTliiin ili'si riptiniis (ilii'si' ili'sriipiiiins j fully shnwii in ollirr parts nf ihis Itrpurt.
Iii'ini; ulsn cnnlaincil in llii' li'i{ilinialr aiilhnrilirs hofurr Ii

ini'nliniicil anil imI cilcil liy His Kxrillriirv) allliiMii;li 'l If lliu i;n\rniinrnl nf Nrw Hrunswiik, in this ins-
thatlrraly, sincr llir s'lllrinrnl, in I7I1H, rfllir ilillii ul- lanrr, liuil rrninnisnl llir liniils assii;iiril In iliai I'rn-
tius ciiiirrrnini; llii; iilriilily nf Ihr rivrr Saint Crnix, ' v iiirr hy Knyal uiillinrily in I'lll.'l, ami liiiil iinw appliril
Clin have; nii p.issihir rrlrrrliir In any liirlhrr (inrslinn In ihr Milnr aiillinrily In rnluii,'r iIiiim' limits, unil hy
<)f hnnmlary in whirh \r\v Uninswirk has any, nr ihr ; ilniiiii '*" tn rriliitr ihr rxlriil nf Canailii (wliiih wan
Irust partii'ipatinn, llir .Viiirriran ti rrilnry thrrrin ilrs-
crihi'il, liring trriiiinulril nil llir riinl hy llir s.imr linr
of liiiiinil.iry wliii.h cuiLslitiUrs tliu western limit nf
Now Urunswick.

In thus nvnidin:^ any iilliisinn (n thr jirnprr nntlinri-
tirs I'nr ili'liTininini; llir Inie. In'imilary, His KxriUni-
cy at ihr sanir limr pi'n;inMS iin riiliri ly licic line, iiiiii
iiilils, in siippnrt anil rxpiunalinn nf his prii|iiisilinn, tlir
two following .stuteinoiits, viz. ; —

Isl. — That Iho Risli^'iuirhr rivrr (snppnsin'.; the
Tiiinkisiiac rivrr to he ailnptiii insiruil of llir iipprr purl
of llio Uislii;nurhr) wiiiililmnsliliilr a vrry iiirniivriiiiiil
(roiitiur Lriwt'on Caiiaila niiil Nrw Hruii.swick.

alsn ili'lini'il in ils liniils in llir sanir xrar anil hv tlir
sunir uiillinrily, llinsr liniils lirini; aflrrwarils cnnlirnK.'il
hy a slaliilr nf ihr iiiiprriul I'arlialni III I llini inilcril
wnulil Mich (l.iinis Iium' cninr hrfnrr Ihu HritLsh govern-
nii'iil in tlirir Iriiv anil pinpur light.

Iliil the ciiM' is wi.irly iliHrrrnt wlirn, as in that iin-
ili'r inlisiilrralinli, Im icrnijnilinn, tin liirnlinii, iinr rvrr
llir sliirhlrsl allusion is niiiilr on llui part of Nrw
Hriiiiswii k tn any ilrfinril anil prr-cxislini; rii;lils of
I'ithrr I'rnvinrr, wliilr, at llir sanir liinr, tlir impirial
^nviriiinrnt is callril tipnii In cut nil' srvrral liiiliinns
nf arrrs frniii Canuila and tn annex tho aaliiu tu lliu
I'roviiiLi' nf \u\v Urnnswick.

|| It innv pnssihlv hr alloirrd tlint New Hriinswirk
2nd.— That llisExcclloiiry was " inclined tolliink '•[ lioincr a iniirh siniillrr Pinvim-fi than C'linaila, it would

" that ihr inoul dil^iltle linr of srparatinnlirlwrrn Ihr
" Iwn Provinics, would he a dirrct onr from the Saint
" Franris lii thr liri'j;hts whirh fnrinrd tlir limit of llir
" Amrrirmi idaims, and ulonu; tlio.su huight.s to the
" eustwuril."

Till- statemont conrrrnin^ the Rislijjont'Iic will not
bo controvurtud on llir part of Canada; on Ihu lon-

lir no niorr llian rrnsnnahlr that ihu Irrritory of this
fornirr .slionld hu inrrcasrd hy tliu alilipxation of
thr ailjiiininn purl.s of ihu latter Province. To this it
nuiy hu replied that the principle of eipuilization can
only hu acted upon when it Is not iincompatihle with
vested and acknowledi;cd riplits, and, that Cannda might
with equal justice he called upon to surrender a portion
o( her revenues In the Province of New Hriinswick,
Irary, instead of conli'iidiii!; that the Risligmiche ought j and il is certain that the direct concession of her terri-
to be the butindar)', Canada denies the right of New J tnry, by iuhiptinc; the line of hounilary from Capo Ro-
Brnnswick to any Inrriiory wlialevur which is wasiicd i .sier to the w^estward, would involvu the indirect ces-
by that stream or any of its trihiilaries, and claims for

lierself lands lying immediately to the south of it, to
Iho extent of about 2,310,000 acres, as belonging to
lier accnriling to the limits respectively assigned the
two Provinces, 81 years ago, by tlie Britisli govern-
ment.

siun of the latter also.

The second and last extract from the dcspntcbcs of
His Excellency, the Lieutenant-Governor of New
Uruaswifk, in relation to tlic territorial claims main-

[ 20 ]

taiiii'il 1)11 Ih'IiiiII' III' lliut l'ri>\ iiiir, iiliiii(> rciimiiik (•> lie
tMiinitiiMl. It imn lie Miii lliiil Urn Kvi •IIiih \ c niii.
iiiiiii I « \i\ ■illiiiiiiii)( lliit i>|iiiiii>ii I'lilt rliiiiird lit .Vrw

l(lUII>Wi>k, " llhll I'lllhlll.l |il»M'«M « Ihi I l.illil wli.il-

" r\ir III nil) triiiinit Hiiulh nl licr xiiilhnn hiwinla-

" /■!/ a^ ill lillC'll III (111' (^llrilll' Ac I, llV llir rilllK'' III

" liilU cMiliillliH wr!>l«iiril /|I>;|| till luilil «l llii' ll.iii'
" ill's ('liiilrin'K." Tliiii ii|iiiiiiiii, KIM li'iirly iiiiilr\|iluiil)
kiiiii'il liv ills I'.M'i lli'iii'v, IS iiiiiiit ciiriliiilb I'oiiiiiirril
ill nil till' jMirl III i'liiiiiilu.

Iliii, wliili' sill' I'litln ly i'i<iiii iili'H ill llir ii|iiiiiiin lliiis

l'\|ll'r'>M'il \i\ Ills I'ai rill III V, (illMllLl I'Mrlllls lli'l lilllll

III till' /(i'iii('//i/i' iii\iiKi'il ilii 11 ill, mill IN i'i|iiiillv niii-

t nil I il lliul Sirw llniliswiik |ii.vs<'ssrs iifi iLiiiii ulhil.
I'vri 111 inn Iriiiimv »•(■«/ nl' In r irmlnn ht»iiiilitr)i,
lis ill lliii'il liv l(<i( il aiillioi'ily ill I'll;), " llir iiiiiiilli III

'' till' IIM I' Sillllt I'.'ll \, till' liillll IIMI' III ilM Mllllri',

" mill a liiii' iliiiwii tliii' iiiir''i Irmii tliriiir, li> llir
" mnilliirii lioiiiiiliiii/ iij iiiir I'liwinw ii/ iiutbrv,"

Ills I'aci'IIiiii \ , llir l,irillilimil-(iiivi'rniir nl Nrw
lllilllsSMrk, ll|i|N'.ils liowrvrr, In IhlM' lilllilril Ills lii'lil'l'
III llli' {irllii i|i|r III' ili\nkiil In llil' s|>r' lill llisi' uliirli
III' ll.lil llli'il 111 I'i'Li.illl III (illlilllil, liil' III llir Mlllir M II-
ti'lici- wlirir llial lirlii I is iivnWi il, In' |i|ii(i I'lls In slnlr
tliiil nrl.iiM jimls III llir Aini'i'ii nii rlaiins ( wliirli rlaims
Wri'i' liiiuiiili'il In llii' I'dul li\ llii' iili'liliCiil lllii' liiiiiliijiii^
Nrw Itlllliswirk In till' Wisl ) " iiifl'ifKllfilll li'H'lliil "

In Nrw llriiiiswirk wlii'ii ii'liiii|iii>lii il liv till' .Aiiii'ri-
tails: III iillirr wnrils, llial \i'\v Itiiiiisw ii li, wlllinnl
liin ail ni',iiim'\ali.iii, (icfciAil/lV// In'iaini' I'hsm'smiI di'
li'irilnry In tin' ices/ nl' In r wislirn hniiniliirij.

Tin- inline 111' liills, ini'iiliniiiil In His l'',\n'll<'li<'» , as
t'Mi'Milini; Wi'slwniil linln llir Irnil nl' lln'llair ilrs CLi-
Iriiis, ami rnriiiiii'^ llir Miiillniii liniiiiilary nl t'niiaila
fii'iniiliiii; In llir (Jill Ki'i' Ai I, is till' Iriir raii;;i', rlaini-
ril liy l.'aiinila, iis ilrliTiniliili'^ llir |i<isitlnii nl' |irr
snilllii'lll li'iiiiiilnrv lilir. 'I lis l'nli<„'i', llir illllfl OIIP
t'MrliillliL; Irnlii till' liiail n|' ijir Dair ilrs ClinliillK In
ihr Miiii'i'i'S III' Cniiin Tliriil iiMr, llis l'\ii'lliii< v
M'riiis In liaMi t'linrniiiiili'il willi aiinlln'i' raii'^r, liicii-
liniii'il liv liliiisrir ami Dr. (irsinr as liiliiir .slaliil.
'I'liis, wliicli tlii'V ill scnlir as rninini'iK ii|.^' at C'a|ir |{ii.
.sins, |iii~si'Siiliniil till mill's In llii' iioi'lli f( llir iini'lliirn
(•nasi III' Ihr Hay anil its Wisiirii rvln iiiily , ami, ar-
cnrilili^ In llir trsliliinliy nl' llir Unyal rnniMiissinmrs,
Mrssis. I''rnllii'rslniiliaiii:li ami Miiil;:i', lunrr Minn lilu
inilrs 111 llir imrlli nl thr sjiiars nl' ilir Cuiim'clicnl
river.

It was aiiimrriilly frnni liavlni; iiilnjilril llir \ir\
rrrnnrniis ami rMianrilinary eiini.liision, tlnil llr iiil:;r
III' liiijli Inmis I'Mi'inlilii; wi'slwniilly finin Cnpr jtn-
.siets was llir saiiin riilL;i' wliirli rxlrmli'd wrsUvanllv
I'rniii llir lirail iif ll r liair ilrs Clialruis, llial llis Kx-
erllilii-y was Iril tu iiiia'iinr llir .'\islriiii' nl' a Inicl nl'

iiijii (l<\criiil, tiiwmiyiiiirnitvd tirriliiri/ sliuainl hri-
uvrn Caiiailn ami tlir I nilnl Stairs, nml Iviii:; In ilir
inest ><( llie we.slirn limit nl' Niw- Hiimswirk, ami in
illli-r lliat siicli Irrrilniy, I'nr snmr rrnsnlis nr i;rniiliils
wliirli llis Kmi'IIi iny lias nm rsiilainnl " urctHnarili/
" rrvrrlcd" in tlic I'nn inrr nl Nrw hiiiiiswirk, wlieii
.A|i|K'n.l.x, Nl). HO Inlincr elaiiiii'd liV llir riiilril SlnliS. ll Iiiiisl lint
■ii .111.1 . 0. )„, |',irj;iitien lliat our nl' the |ilin('i|ial arnnmriils nl"
Grral liritaiii, o|i|nisi'(l to tliu I'MiMiili il ilaiiiis nf llir
Uliilril Stales, was, lliat a lar;;e lierri'ilarv «'i;;iiinrv
In tlir iiiti'iinr nl' ihr tract wliieii His Excellency
I'laiiiis as nece.isarili) rrvertiiii; to Nrw Hruiiswiik,
was iiicniiti'stilily part nf Caiiaila, and had t'xi.sted as
Nucli sincu tliu year ICHJ.

His Excellency cannot linve liecn nwaro (lint the
Biilisli triivcrnment cnuld not adnpt his cimdusiuns
withnul Howdeclarinij that the sainn territory Was, and
ever hud been, a part of Xew Urunswiek.

No. 8,

('oiiKiilirnliim of ('liiimn, on thf fiurl of rilhrr Pro-
vinrr, lo Snlionii of /Ac Dinfiulid 'I'lriilori/ iin
tliv niiiiiiul of III liiiil iKiniifiiiiuin, ur tlir cari'i Lie i>f
lirniounjiinniliiiitin.

j III llie Inreuniii^ ri \ ii'W nf llir viiriniis and disi nrdiint
lerriliirial i lailiis, iii.iile nn In linlt nl' Nrw llniiisHn k,
\vi liiiil llinl snrli rinims liaM' In en limilulit lnr\Miiil in
mnsl rasrs williniil the sliejilisl iilli inpl In jirnM' llirir
\ nliilily , lliii merr nssi itimi nl' {irivair npiiiinii cniisti-
lining' nn ari;iiiiii'iit in llnii Mi|i|iiirl.

! \Nr also rnid llial ill inir iiisidali d < asr, ul.rro rii-

ll n III r In alllllnrilil s NMis ,tllrm{ili i| in sllppnlt nf t|iu

^ Miiil I lailiis, llr risiill nl llir nllrlnpl nlilv MTM d In

slmw, mnir I Irarly, llias llinse i lailiis wnr at Vnriaiiro

witlii'vrry li'i;iiiiiiiili' aullmriK, iiimI wliolly destitutu

I III' any snlnl rnninlnlinii,

[ ll Ih ceilainly a i iirimis i'ai I that while llnis perlinn-
ciniisly IlisisiJM; mi Mi|i|inM'i| i Iniins, nf llir linliirr ill
ipii stinri, till' srvi rnl |iailii's, rinplnyi il I'nr llial |iiirposu
nn lii'hairnr Nrw lirilliswii k, slimild he iiiinlilr lo
ai;ri r in rrlalimi to the nnliire nnd exteiil nl ihosit
I Iniiiis, mill sliniild I'liliiely lad in mliliieini; any aii*
ihnrily gi\ili); >i i in iMii the enlnr nf \uliilily,

Il canniit hi Niippusnl llmt these i niisideralinlm liavn
e>c,ipril the ii|iM'r\ nlimi i>f Ihr aillhnrilirs in NrW
llriiiisw il k, and, milwilhslanilin^ ihr Innr nf eniili-
ilrlier Willi wliii'li llir plrleiisiiins nf ihni I'mt ilieo
liaM' I'i'i'ii lii'niit;lii fnrwaril, it is e\ iilrlil llinl llir\ am
still \ iriiiiilly nmlrliiird, nml, iinlrss aliamlnni d alln-
U;rther, mnsl nlliimilfly lesnlve ihrlnselves iiiln a claim
Inr II new, nihilrnry and plinly cnnvenlinnal hnuil-
ilary.

Opillinlis liaM' ah'i ndy In en n|ieiily rxprrsscd in the /\|.|viiiiij,\,.,
h i;islnliirr nf thai I'nuimr, fully Mihsiaiilinliiiii; the "''i •''■'."' "ml
aliinr enmlnslniis. (Inr mnnlnr nf the li't,'islalivu
niniicil irinarki ll in di hnlr ilml " llir milij /lonitive
" iliiiiii Ilml iS'iio Uniiiswiil. had Uillir MinlniriiS'
" kii Hrllliniriil iriin ii fill' jiiiltn aliorr. llir (Ininil
" rull",'''' whiih wniiid iinply a emu iilinii In llieM,,,, u,
^pinker, ihal llir ri'/liU nf New lirniis.' irk Irrmiiiaird
at thr (Inr imrlli hiir passing S.iiiit .Inlili a few miles
ulinve the (Iraml Kails.

.\iiiillirr meiiihrr nf the salne lindy, while disnissing
a pinpnsed nil asiire I'nr rrrclini; a new parish in Mada-
wnska, nhsiTVi ll tlint " hr eerlailily ihniight lliey
" sliniihl wail iililil that diHieiillv (the hniindarv line)
" was Mllli'd,J)el'nii' liny mnilr a divislminf ihe parish,
" iniiiinildil;/ lis il won proliiihlr Ilml viir of llie
" jiiiri.tlirn ,s/;(7.(;i ()/', woufi In: uul of the jurisdic-
" Iwii of thr J'rovincc. "

Spiakiim nn the sanie (|iieslion it Was remarked in

ihni ilehiile, liy niinlhrr inrinhrr, that he " coiiHidernl

" il ll niii.st iilmiird wni/ of lri(i»lulinf; lo atlr>iii>t to

" jHiHS a hill for thr divii'liiiK of a iiirixli, ofufiuh,

" i;i (/// iirobiihilil;/, a ttrral piiii irhin the linrs hr-

\ " Iwrrn thr tiro I'roriiicrs irerr srlllrd, would he

I " out of the jurisdiction of the Province alto-

j " gether. "

A memljer of the liniise of af^semhly (also one of the Apiicndii Na
executive council of New Brunswick) slated (hut (he 3».
boundary question " was n dillicult one, and should lio
" dealt with v('ry cautiously, for the government at
" home had done rvery thing in their power to ad-
'' Dance the claims of this Province " (New Bruns-
wick) ,

•si.il,
.Null"

,A|.,.|

A,,,„|

irf

[•^1 ]

A|>|rn>lit Nil,

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li-
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iro
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the A|>|viiiltx,No.

ilj,. :ii', ill), IIIiiikI

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the 3'J.

I lie

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ad.

UIIV

Sliitfinrnl,

A|l]H'llilll,

•in mA 'JO.

On iiihillirr iiriii<i<in, in iti'lmli < in ilir li tfishiliu'
riiiilii'il, II liiniiliiT III' iliiil IhhIv kIhIi i| llml '■ lir liir
" iMii', iliil iiol ii'i'l ili«{iHMi| 1,1 ^itr u,ii 1,1 Cin.nlii in
" llii'« I iiw, liir III! I iiiiMijiri il llii' wlmli' "I M,iiliiw,i»ku
" Ih'Ihiihi'iI 111 Niw |lriiiii\Mi I, ; iiml, if II,, if l„i,l „n
*' olllfr tliiit,iH, 11,1)1 liiiil iiiinHinniiiii Jiir iilhiiil M) '
" .i/riir», whiili icun ninv /imii/* of ll,i hii\" '

111 till' Sinrii'lull, run iil|iriMili llii' ,ii I iif ll ii'lril|i'ili'

lull Sliilr, iiiili">K i'\|<ri"<'< inilliiirih Iimh lii in ililr" In!
Iiy tliu jiilli'r I'.ir llml xjh riiil |iiir|iiiM'.

An lliiTii lull ni'Vi'P liii'ii iiiiy ml nliiriMi Itiiliiln,'
iiiilliiiri;iiiiiK ''"' I'l'iivilii I'll ifiivi'rnnii'iil i>l Niw llruiiN-
Willi III iriimvi' mill iaIiihI ihc miijiiiiil liniili ii««ii;lii'il
(lull l'i'ii> iiii'i', ll IS i>t jilinl llml in i'> ii'iiilini; liir kiiiiiIs,
mill iilli'lii|iliiii,' III |iii>li liir ri(ll .irisillrliim lirtMinI
• liiiir liniii-<, sjii' liiiK ijiini' nniliiiiK wlijili rmi miiiiil nr
inijimr llir loni' iil' llir Itny.il iirm liiiiuilinn ul' I'iti.l;
(lir illl|ilM'iill All III' 177 I, linii llir i|i'si'|j|i||>i|i III' llir
liiiniiihirirt 111 Nmii Snilm iii ;;ivi n in llir (iiixrriiiir'i
('iininiiHiiiin in I7li:l, miil Niiiri> ninliiiiiril In ilir Miinr
<lrM'ri|itivii liiiii(iiiiKi- ii|i III llir prrMiil linii'.

It will iilnii III' ii|i|iiiri'nl lluit (i'M'Ii iiilniilliiii; liir tlir
miki' iif iirL'innint ilmi ii |ii>ssi<s>.jiin smirijiinnl liv mi mi-
llmrily inliriur In llii' Cniwii mid |i.irlimiii'nl, rmilil
xivti II liilr III liny III' llir liTiiiury In i{iii'siiiin) Ni'w
lliiinsw Ilk riiriiinl rmiiiil rvrn ii rii|iir<ili|i' rliiiin In mil
jiiirl III' llml li'irilmy, mi llir ^'niiiinl nl' |iiisM'ssiiin,-
wlirn llli' Mllijril i» I'Miiniiiiil Willi n lirrm r l" llir
lulls, shrwilii; till' I'Xti'lit mill rrlalivr I'lTiiiils nrsiliiiliir
liiil uilvvrNii |HiiiM.'iMiii.' .., nil ilic jiHrt iirCmmilii.

To ri'nil«r llir prosi'iit sinii- of tin' n liillnns liriwiTii I
Ciiliuilii mill Ni'W Iti'iinswirk us inlrlli^ililr iih {iiis>ilili', y
it niiiy lit' wril liiirlly In n r<i|iiiiiliili' am! rivii'W ilir
|irini'i'ilini;N rnmirrly mln|iliil liy llir Iwn I'mviiiciiil
i;nvi'riiiiii'iiis, In ri'liilinn in llii' linnmhiry liiir, mil,
lilsn till' liirlH rnniH'rIril willi llirir rrv|ii'rliK! Irrrilnriul [
rliiinis, mill acliial |ii'riiiilN ul |inN>rvsiuii or lArnist' nl '
jiiri.silirtinn, I

It liiiN already Ih'i'Ii kIicwii lliiit in piiliiic Artit of Nuw
•i' Hrniijiw'irk in 17fi.") and I'lHti, tlii'|insiliininrilii! wiiilli-
^■,l cm liniiiidiirv of lla" I'mvinrr nl (^iii'licr i.s ri'muin^'d

as ('\ti!inliiii{ wi'Nlcrly and miuiIi-wi suvarilly from ilm

Uuiu Aks ('liuli'urs.

tlllli' ill's Cllilli'iirii In llir riirr Slillil Jnlill, iiml Wiilllil
slllkr ll al nr liiiir llli' (ililllil Kails, In iisi i il.iin u Im |i,
iiiid nmri' |iiisilivi'ly di'lrriniiii' llii' Kilijiilinii, aiul • \>
|iliiii' llli' llli I' nl llir ii'iinlri, lliiv ri i|iii'»lrd M',
S|iriiulv til ri'tnrn wiili iln in In iIh' (iriiiid VM%,

'I'liis III- ri'fnsMl III llli, sa\ inir llml liii |iri'i inimlv
I'nnnivnl n|iiiiiniis wi ir iiniilirnilili', anil hr was liniiiid
In nlisirii' liriirriil ( 'mliiiin'ii ( lliii l.ii nliiimii (invir-
imr's) Inslrmiiniis wliiili wirn llml In nlmidd lir ^n.

uriinl liy lliii (jni'lHT Ail " wlmli ililirin % lliiit

" liiiiinilari In l.iki' llii> liiulilmnls wlmli div air iIhim' A|,|«i
" wiilirsilml i'ni|ily llii nisilvrs inln ilir iivir Saint ''V
" l.awri'lni' Imiii iIiiim' wlmli lall inln lliii Alluillli
" t)ii,in.' "

illl,.\v

Appiinilii.Nu. Ali'iul till! same lime dniilitN iH'gnn tn liu riiiiicd, by
■••' individuals in tlial I'mviiin', in ri'jjanl In llir |Hisiliiiii nl'

llio sainr liniinilary, and, in .Inly I7S7, lliu ris|iirli\r
Unvnrmni'iils nrt^iH'lti'i: mid Niw liiuiiswiik a|i|ininiid
liiirsiins In rrjiair In lla' (iniitd Ftilln of llie Siiiiil
John, tn inciil lliiri' fnr lliv |iiiiiinM! nl llmii Nulllilig llic
linundary line lirtwurii llio two I'lnvinces.

Mr. S|irnuli', iIhj Surveyor Cieiiernl of New Unins-
wiik, was a|i|ininlrd I'nr this siTviie on lioliall' nftlial
i'rnvince, and Mr. .Inliii llnlland, a('rnin|>aiiied liy Mr.
Kiiilay, was deputed un tliu part of Qiii'liee.

A|i|ii.|iJii,N<), The respective parties met, not at the Grand Falls,
"*'-• as directed in iheir inslrniliniiM, lint in the Acadian set-

tlement, oppnsile Madawa.ska. Mr. Sprnule, wlin had
iwsiied the place appoinled for their liieeliiifr, staling
that he conceived his waiting fur the genlleiiian from
Canad.1 to lie totally unnecessary, and that he was
then on his way to tlie carrying place, In'tween the
river Saint Lawrence and Lake Temiscouata, as il was
there (according tu his idea) that the boundary ought
to be fixed.

On the oilier band, Mr. Holland anil Mr. Finlay
maintained that the heights of land extended from the

Ml. Sprmilr accoriliiiulv ilipiirlid, c mliiiiiing hit
will III the 'rriiiisi iiimla rnflane, wliile llie nlliur party
Weill III till' (iraiiil Falls,

Thus liriniimled llie lir-:l alleinpl In Irace llie luiiiii-
ilm\ Inn, liilwriii Cmmilaanil New lliuimwii k, nii the
lari' nf llni rnnillry.

(Ill I'Xaniining the prnci eiliiii;s adnplid mi liilmlf nf
N'i'W lliniiswak, even ill llml cmii|ianilivi'h ril'inle
|ii null, I'nr ihi'i'viileiil piir{iiisi' 111 ainidiiiu'iir evading an
i'\.iliiilmlinll nf llli' pail nj' llir rniiiilrv w lieri' llie luiiiii-
ilary liee iiiiiMt of iiniMnilil hove iiiiimrd, we have In
ri';;ri'l lli.il im evnli'in e isiliemi' iiiliralile, warrmilitig
llie lii'liel' ihat il was iheii llie iiilinlinn nf ihe aulliori-
lil'snf \i'W ll'linswirk III allnw the pnsilinli nf the
line, ill sirilied ill llie I'mi hinialinii nf |7li:) and the
(^111 lii'i' All, to he lirmiglit In the test of a practical
survey,

I The inslrnctions nf the Liiuieiinni-Ooveriior to Mr.
Sprniile cniilaiiii'il nil asMiinid iiilerprelalimi nf the
liili<>iiai;i' iiM'il in the ilesrripliniis nf the Minllierii liiiiili-
iliiri iif ({iiehec, this assiiMied iiilerpretalinii iiilriiilui ing
liinilaliniis lint cniilailird ill the descriplinn, and
carrying nn its lace llir ^lalll|) nf lieing incnrrecl and
insiisceptilile n| any prarlnal appliciilinn. Fnr lla
di'Mriplimis aliiive rifined In, iln iinl assnnie, or lender
il nei I'Nvary, llial the liii;lilaluls .sprciliciilli ilisi rihed
should ai liially exlenil up In Ihe jiair iles Chalenrs,

.and if there was In he any iliilelinite space where the
line had In he e\teiideil liy inli'lcnce or I'rnin cnllaleral
aiillinrilv, linw cniild llie Lienti'naiil-(inveriinr lie jiisti-
lii'il iiiallirniiiii; willioiil e\aniiiialimi, llml the lioiindarv

II iK'lwerii llie two I'rnvinces passiil ainiig the pailicnhir
\i ranu'e nf highlainls? — It was nlivimisly imi>o.iiiiblf. thai

his assnined iiiterpri'laiinii cniild he the true one, ami

' yel, iiniler these iiistrnclions, Mr. Spronle went Mill

1 Inrlherand rel'nsed to cn-nperale in an rxdmimilinn of

the eniinlry adininiiig the head nf the Dale de« Chaleurs,

In which il was |Misilively and indispul. "cessary

I that the linnnilari slinnld extend.

] The only course which he would consent to adopt
I was that of proceeding to place the houndiirv at the
' Tfinincouala I'orlaifi; a pofnt sitnated more' than 5(1
j' inih's outside of the jion.iUde limits of New Hrnnswick,

it being so lar to the west of the meridian of any one of

the sources of the Saint Croix,

Tlio aliove proceedings have lieen often referred in

nn the part of New Hrnnswick, as furnishing evidence

of the existence of insurmountable dilliciillies in the

] way of tracini; the boundary lino according to the

original descriptions given of it by tlio Crown and

♦ Tliin w.is nn error. The woriis " Allaulic. Oeean " nrfi
useil in llie Iri'iily of 17S:i. lint not in llie Uuelier Ai'l, where
" llir Si'ii " Is llie lerni ailnpteil. The iliirereni:e is of no im-
porluiK-e in roniiirning Ihe ilescriptioni of the souttiem boun-
dary of tlie Province of (Quebec.

[-'^1

Mi|. A.

^,.ll■

h'l'

Appt'iuhx

Mi.|. H.

Apiwiiilix,
■1.) and 'M.

parliiiDi-'iit, wlii'nic tliu inlLTi'iuii liiis liocn drnwii, by
(lint I'roviiicf, lliMt it will ilovnlvi' im Hit Miiji'Mv's
i;overnnHiil liirMiililiNli a iifW,t:i)iivt'iiliiiiml or urliiliiiry
iiiii' III lionniliiry liciwi'iMi lliii two I'roviiitcs.*

It is impossihlf to iidiiiil tlio Iriitli of tin allrgations
nl)0V(! MiiMili 'tied or lliu iiil't;rru(0 altfiiiiiliil to lie
ilrawn lioni llicm. 'I'liu c•o^lr^e tal-fii bj- the novcin-
ini'iit ol Ni'W Uiiinswii k, on tlie o(as.,ioii rilintil to,
wi-i, Hs liaN biiti ^lloWll, tliu Mil. tailM' wliirl. iiivvfiitiMJ
tluMiecu.ssarv iiivoligatloii into the iiiciitsortlifi|Ui!,tioii.
Till! case was |ii(iuclniil on tin; part ol lliat I'loviniv,
but the leMilt hi.s sliowM that the jialgineiil was wroiii;,
us the boumlarv on whicli Mr. S|iroiilu ii.sistid was not
the liouiithnv iil' the (JiiuIk'c All, Imt !>ii entirely new
IS one, whieli woiilii never have reaeheil the head ol' the
Uuie dt'S Cliutenrs. |

A proieedini,' of this nature on the part of Mr.
Sproule and his positive refusal to enter upon any |
exainiiialion of thi! eountry cxteiidini; from the Haie i
des Chaleurs, where it was indisputable thai the boun- J
dary line iimut pass, cannot be adduced to prove the '
Lxi'steni^e of any real dillieully in tiie way of tracing; !!
the line aceordiiii,' to tlie onuinal descriptions. It
merely proves lliiil ilie aulliorilies of New Hrunswick ;j
wished to avoid, and did avoid, an examination of the '
rounlry, i!':d tliereliire of the merits of llicr (pu-stion,
and this may conslruclively be coiisideied as an admis-
sion on their part that they were then apprehensive that
such an cxainiiiatiuu would prove fatal to their preteii-
biuiis.

That a complianc'o, on Mr. .Sproule'spart, wilii Mr.
Ilolhimrs request, to proceed to make these examina-
tions Would have placed the merits of the t[iieslioli
beyond the reach o| any pretended doubt, is now u
^„ mailer of certaintv, as is evident from iiiformalion suli-
seipienllv aripiired, and particularly from the Royal
Coumii!i.sioiiers in ISJU— 10.

Tlu> subject of tlie ac'ual exercise of jurisdiction
over dilli'reii' parts of the disputed territory, by either
ol'tlie two I'ruvintes, comes ne.xt luider tonsideiation.

Heginiiini; with that portion of the disputed territory
lyini; to the wvst of the due north line from the river
Saint Croix, and soutli of the river Saint John, the oldest
^lalit IS llii^ Canadian seij^niory of Madawaska and lake
, rcmiscoimta, conlainini^ about :i7!),400 English slatute ,
acres. |- I

M.11. 1).

Four years iifier (in I7!M) the (lovernment of \|^ [■,
New lirunsuick iiiade a similar grant of sundry farm
lots aloii<; the north shore of the river .Sidnl John, con-
tainini{ toijether J^.'i:i aerts, and a like allowance for
highways, the two grants, thus made, contuiiiiiig !)6I3

This trnct was granted by the government of Canada
ill the vear ItibJ, and as observed in the llritish Stale-
ineiit on the sulijeei of the American boundary " has
" jireserved its individuality under the original grant,
" and has conslaiitly been, and is at ibis moment sub-
" ject to the jurisdiction of Canada."

The next grant within the same tract was made by
the government of New Urunswick in 1790, and con-
sisted of a number of farm lets, lying on the north
shore of the Saint John river, containing together iiii 1
acres, with 10 per cent, allowance for highways.

I I, 'H'2.') and '820 two othe. .n lots were granted
' by :..e authoriiy of .New Urunswick, in the .same vi-
cinity Willi tho>e beliire nieiilioiied, containing, respec-
tively '2M and .'iOO acres, the whole amount so grant-
ed coiitaimng 7llii.i acres with the highway allowanci,
or, a fraction less than 7770 acres ullogether.

As ii is upon tlici"; grants that the " Kuii/ i/ears <'/'y\|,|,.iiiiu,N,,
imnsi ssion" spoken of in the New Urunswick I.egis-ll.
latiire, IS founded, it may be well to examine thefouial-
atioii and relative merit:, of that claim, as compared
w li adverse claims louuded on similar facts whicii
exist un the purl of Canada.

The tract of country where these grants were made Ai.priulix. No
by -New Urunswick was supposed to be (as it actually '•■'• •'" ■" "'"'
was and siill is) an integral part of the I'rovince of"
t^iebec or Canada ; and, accordingly, the latter Pro-
vince exercised jurisdiction over the Madawaska sellle-
nient u|i to the year \''.)i. This jurisdiction of Canada
had been called in (luestion by New iJrunswick pre-
\ ious to that period, and in 17'JO, as befjre mentioned,
the authorities of that I'rovince, hud issued grants for
•I JU I acres of hind in the settkmeuts.

The Canndiau jurisdiction scem.s to liuvc been finally
interriipled in 179;;, by the caiiture and abduction of
an oliicer employed under the authority of Cunuda to
execute a civil st'rvice. This forcible intrusion on the
previously existing riglns of Canada, wii.s made by i.::
individual acting as a magistrate under the uiithoriiy of
-New iJrunswick, who lu the same year and previous to
this transaction, had assembled lla^ iiihubitants of the
settlement and caused new militia ollicers to be elected Ap|irmlii,No.
by a majority of voices, although there were already ;>-.
|iidper oliici^rs there duly appointed by the uulhorily of
the governmeiil of Canada.

The riglii jurisdiction wiis Ibereforo first exercis-
ed over Ibis .settlement by the government of Quebec,
as far back as the year 1777. New Uruiiswick after-
warils set up an undelined claim to the territory wherein
the selllemenl was {■itiialed, but refu.w.d to cooiierate iu
any exploration for ascertaining the true position of the
boundary line, by wh! h the i^uestions slic had raised
could be lin«lly decided.

\|(irn(t

* In DIM! (if t!:e dis|)iiti:hi's of His Fxcelloiicy the Lirutoiiaiil-
Go . eriior of .\cw iiruiiswink. jirinleil, with (illier docuiiiciils
concirniiif; the houndiiry line, by onler of the Aesciiilily ol
lli.it Province in Kebruiiry, Ihll, is cuiilaljieil the li)ili)wiiig
Kehteiifc : — '• Tiio taiUiie of lormer iilteinptj to deJiiie the
'■ hiiuiiilary Icivibj me to aiipriheiid that tlie prtsoiu will lie
'• iiiually uiisiKToMul, ami, that it will devolve on Ilir
" Majesty's Kovurniiioiit to establish eucli a cn.iventioiial line
" an will be but cakulated for lliu ijiterests of tlic two I'ro-

t For a knowledge of the superficial contents of this seignio-
ry, I am indebted to the kindness of Andrew Kussell, esipiirc,
«f Uic Surveyor General's deimrtmeut, Ctuiiulu.— A. W.

She next proreeilcd to make an attempt to wrest
from llie I'rovince of Quebec the pos.session then uc-
lually enjoyed by the latter over the Madawa.ska set-
tlement, and to substitute her own in its place; uiid
during the existence of the conllicting jurisdiction of
the two Provinces, arising out of that attempt. New /..irrmjii N,,.
j Brunswick executed the grant of 43G1 acres iu the .'la.
same settlement. This was in the year 1790. The
: arrest anil abduction of the Canadian oliicer in 1792,
! the ekdion of new odirersof militia in the stUtlement
I the same year, and tlie subsequent grunt in 1791 of
! iihi acres of land in the vcinity oV the first grant,
! complete the series of unauthi.rised acts on behalf of
i New Brunswick, in forcibly attempting to ucquirG
jurisdiction over, and pos.sc,.sio!i of tiiat portion of terri-
tory then uud previously ir ibe rightful possession of
Canada.

It i» evident that tlio Vandaries of colonial de-
pendencies, like the British Ameiicun Provinces, can
only be a-ssigned them by the authority of the Metropo-
litan Stale, and, it is only the same authority which is.

Apju'ii

[23]

Assuniiiii; timt tlic iiiiiiutliorized rxtiriisn of jiirisdic-
timi, on the [liirt of Ni'W Hrunswiik, omt ihi; Mii-

(lllWHskil Nl'lllt'lllt'lll CIIIMII"'IIC'Im1 111 nilO, !lt tlill (lull!

1)1 llic gram dI'-UUI iicriis ; iillowliinllu; i;r.iiil at Hi) I,
Hriil llmst! Ill' 1^-J j iiiul \>^Hi to bf uililcd li) ilii- ruriiiiT,
uiul wu liiivu (mldiiif; to llii'ir sum llio 1(1 piT niil. ul-
lovvuil liir liii^liways) u lolal aimiuiil of soiut-'lliiii!; less
tliun 7770 ucn.'s of liiiid acliially i;iimliMl liy lliat I'ro-
vincf, niid <;oiistitiiliii!5 llm solo foiiiidalioii liir its
<'laini to an\ jiosMssoiy ri^lit, tliis mi claiiiii'd right,
taken ill the most exlended LiMistriictioli, haviii;; lireli
iiiiconslitiilioiudly oblaiiied, only ul yeais back from
the [iruiiulil time.

Against this assumiMl possession, Canada <i[)poses the
^efiecu/ chiiiii "f possissini; the prior ami only legili-|
male rii,'hl of jnrisdielloii over that and the adjuiiiiiii; !
Urilish Canadian territory, exteiidinj,' from tin nee to
the river Saint Lawrence. She also opposes the spe-
cial claim of possessini; and exercisinj; an actual, duli-
nile and ri),ditfnl jurisdiction over the Fief Madawaska
nnd Lake 'J'emiseouata which lias been exercised niiiii-
A|.|icn(lit.No. terrnptedly for a period of ICil years. Tills Fief <on-
•■^ tains, as before slated, upwards of ;i70,IO() (.latiite

acres ; is an integral and not an Insnlaled portion of ihe
Province of Canada, and forms part of the same tract
of country wherein are situated the limited and Insu-
lated grants, made in the Madawasku settlement by
New Urunswick.

Canada, therefore, lias a general and uninterrupted
claim of possession to uU that part of the disputed ter-
ritory, from the time of the (irst grants nr seltlemenls
of tlie French in that iiuarter, and, a s|H'cially deliiied
cluini to die Fiof Madawiuska, as an integral part of
Canada, for lUl years past.

New BrunswirV, on the contrary, as lias lioen shown,
can claim no valid pos.ses.sory right in that section of
the disputed territory. The possession which she at
present enjovs, of the Madawaska settlement, a posses-
sion forcibly wrested from Caipula, Is i-nly of 51 years
standing, and, In (piantlty (rel'eiring to the amount of
land actually granted by New ISninswick) is but a
trifle more than one lltlrly sixth part of the Fief Ma-
duvvaska ulonc.

Apin'ndiXjNo
37.

Tlio only color of right, In the teiii|ior;iry oc-cu|iancy
tluis acquired by New Urunswick, extends back no far-
ther than the year 1830, when that Province was au-
thorized by the audiorlty of (he lin|ierial government
to c.filftnue to ' xcrcise jurisdiction ovor the Madawas-
ka settlement, as that settlement had been proved on
tlie trial of John liakitr, in 1828, to be then de facto
subjer iO the jurisdiction of New Brunswick.

This autliorizjilion, however, was accompanied with i
an express probHiition against any atteinjit to extend j
such jurisdiction up the Madawaska river.

It must be rcmeroberctl that llu; confulenlial despatch,
containing the above limitation to the jurisdiction of
New Brunswick, did not refer to any permanent teru-
torial boundary or limit, for either of the Provinces,
but merely defined the limits within which they should
vespcctively exercise jurisdiction, as it was then essen-
tially necessary, pending the settlement of *.ho boun-

dary (|uestions then under discussion with ihe I'nilod
Stales, that every part of the disputed territory should
be subject to .some certain British jurisdiction.

In support of this positi"n It may lie observed, that
in the same despatch, the jiirisdiclloii of Canada is also
recpiired to extend down to the nioiith of the Mada-
waska river, which reduced the tract allolti'd to the
jurisdiction of .\ew Brunswick to the southern side of
the Saint John river and the narrow strip of seltlemei.t
along till' noitliern slion', a division which it was
iiiiiHissible to adopt as a permanent Provincial boun-
dary under any previous delinititin of its position given
"py the Urilish govcrnnient.

All claims of possession, nbovo rolerrcd to, relate to
tracts lying to the west of the pnssibh liinils of \ew
ISninswick, us well as to the north of the true south-
ern boundary uf Canada, according to the (Quebec Act.

The lerrilor- lying to the cast of the exploratory
north line. Iron, the source of the Saint Croix river,
comes next under ccuisiileration.

In this portion of the disputed territory tlie respctivo
' grants or possessions of the two Provinces, are divided
{ liy the Histigouche river ; us Canada has made no
grants to the south of that stream, and New Brunswick
has never practically attempted to acquire any posses-
sory rights on the opposite or northern side of the same.
It is true that the Kistigouche river is not the boun-
dary line and taimol, therefore, be considered as for-
ming a legitimate .separation between the grants of the
two Provinces, but, in having hitherto ado|ited this
river as a nolhern limit, New Brunswick has nut at-
tempted any forced assumption of jiiriMlictlon, over
Canadinn territory, as in the case of Ihe Madawaska
seltlenicnls

The actual grants made by New Rrunswick between
the southern boundary of Canada and the Uistigoucla^
river, are mostly found near the lower parts of that
river, extending from Dalliousle u|iwards, towards the
Cpsahpiitche rivi'r. These grants consist mostly of
farm lots of various dimensions and granted at dlllereiit
[lerlods,

The dates of the grants and tiio mixlc in which a App.'niln.No.
part of these lots ave dejcrlbed in thi'm, may lie found 'f*"'"! ''•>•
in the Appendix.

In the Legislative Acts of New Brunswick for a Apii™ilii,NA
considerable period, every allusion to the northern -'''■-|Jj "> -'
boundary of that Province was made by simply refer- "'"
ring it to " the southern boundan/ of Canada, "
without asserting that the Ristigouche river, or any
other specially defined position, constituted such boun-
dary.

The same form of description was used as late as in rtiiiKndii.No.
1837, when the county of Ristigouche was set oll"'^'''
from the county of Gloucester.

Previous to that A- . however, in 1814, we find that
New Brunswick in other legislative Acts, virtually
assumcc that the Kistig.ucho river constituted her
noithen lioimdary. In the Statute of that Province,
54 Geo. 3. cap. 17, the (larisli of Beresford is described
as beiLg bounded " easterly, northerly and nortliwe-st-
" wanlly by the Bay of Chaluur and the river Ris-
" tigouche, including Heron Islands and the Islands in
" the said Ristigouchu river. "

Again, in another Act of the New Brunswick Lo. Apjicnilii, No.
^islative (in 182C) the limits of the county of Glou-^'
cester, then set off from the original county of North-
umberland, were declared to embrace the parishes of

[24]

Siiumarcz and Beresford, tlie lullor Imviiig k-cn (li?»- i of Miramiclii, llio terrilory lii>rili;riiii? on llie Inltcr
cribt'd, (lis U'lbri) invntiimcd,) as cxlending lo thi' ' rivor, ami as I'.ir in llic mmiiIi as tlii' 4(illi dcirrcu iil'
Ristigoucliu riviir.

Amirnilu.No. Lasllv, in 1H37, the county of RisCijjmicliu was
'-'<< orvulod aial di's<:riU'd as lontainini; " all llir.t |iurt of

" llu) siiid (M)unty ol' CilouiL'sttT, wliicli lirf^ lo llio
" norlliwurd and wustwiird and is linludLiI within tin
" line drawn due south from the mouth of thi' Hcllu-
" dune rivi'r until it stril^i's tin; linu divldinj^ tlio pari-
" slit's of IJi'ii'sford and Ualhuist in tlio said county —
" iliunrc .vi'slirly hy tliu line dividini; tlu; luuntiis of
" NortlMlinlirl'laiid and Ciluuri'StiT until it strikes the
" lino dividini; tho county of (larleton from tl.u [jresent
" cDuntv of Cilouccslri,— ihen< r hy thu said line a
" iiorthoriy course nnlil it strikes the line of the
" Province of Cuiiada."

It appears then from the lan^un);e used in her Lcgis-
hilivi! eniicinients, that New jtrunswiek virtually
Miaintaiiieil at various limes the following positions
conLerning the southern Unuidary of Canada.

Isl. — In 17.S(i, that the northern limit of N'orthumher-
land county, was coincident with tla^ southern line
of the Province of Quehec, now Canada.

■2nd. — In IHIJ, that the north-westernmost parish in
that county was hounded to the northward by the
Ristigouche river.

y\(i|i<-n.lii,No JJrtl. — In 1826, that the then new county of (Jlnuces-
ter, which was taken from the north part of Northum-
lierland, included the same northernmost parish of
NorthuinlM'rlan<l, as iH'hire descrihed, and llierefore,
(by inference) that it was also bounded on the north
by the Kisligouchc river.

■X.

Apiionihx, Nn

Apiicndix, No.
II.

.■Map B.

Apiion(lix,No.
41.

Apiiendix, No.
44.

A])i)rn'lix,No.
I -J and IX

AppcnJii, No.
II.

4lh. — In 1837, tliat the northwestern part of Glou-
cester (then st.'t olVintoa new county) was bounded
to the northward by a line described as being " tiie
" line of the Province of Lower Canada," and in
l.'ie statute '2ui\ Victoria, cap. 19, (1«;!!),) the
parishes in this last county, from the Uaie des
Chaleurs up to ihc^ v.eslern line of the countv, are
all specially descrihi d as being bounded on the north
by th(^ Ristigouche river.

New nrunswick has thus, in her Legislative enact-
ments, for alioul ;!() years past, conslaiillv referred lo
the Ristigouche river as (iirmiiig the true southern '
Ixmndary of Canada and the northern limit of her own
claims. j

On tlie northern side of the Ristigouche, all the
granted lands have been, and still are held under the
.sole authority of lh(! Canadian government. 'I'liese
grants extend back l.).'J years, and have continued to
be made from time to time up to the p .'nt dav.

Amimg them may lie ment'oned tlie .(eigniorv of
Cloridon, contair;ing about 381,51)1) statute acres,
which was re-granted in IGDl, the original title deeds
having Iteen lost, or taken from the |)roprietor ; the
seigniory of Lake Matapediac, another very large grant,
made in 1691, the seigniory of Shoolbrcd, granted in
1788, lying on the head of the Bale lies Chaleurs, and
extending from thence upwards along the Ristigouche,
liesides sundry minor grants, made at dilfcrcnt [ierio<ls
along the Ristigouche river.

These grants although lying on the north side of the
Ristigouch, were not made with reference to that river
considered as n Provincial boundary ; on the contrary
it will be seen that Clnridon was granted subject to
the oppositions which might be made by the Seignior

river, alio as I'.ir lo the south as the -Hiih degree of
north latitude, then forming part of Canada.

The grant of the Seigniory of Lake Mat»|iediac was ApiHwlu.N..
also made when the Picivince of Canada extended to "■
(he Kith degree of north latiluile, and therefore could
iioi have Ih'i'Ii made wl.li reference to any other sup-
po.s(.'d bound.iry.

The other ancient grontii in (he vicinity of the Ris- Map B.
liuouche, iiiadi^ by the government of the Province of
(Quebec, are dated abiuit the time of the lirst attempt A|i|iiiiili,,.N'..
to trace the boundary line in tlii^ lield, mid (he Province ''*
of(iiiebec then distinctly claimed that her soiiihern Apijcmlii, N.i
boundary line should extend from the head of the liaie ''-'
des Chaleurs, along the highlands running to thu souih
of the Ristigouche, lo iieur lliu Great FuIIh of the river
Saint John.

It is therefore evident that the prior and extended
pos.se.ssjon of Canada, of the territory in the neighbour-
hood of the Ristigouche, is not divided from the more
limiti'd tract, on the opposite f«ide of the river, of
which \ew Rriinswick has recently a.ssumed powws-
sion, by any valid line of .separation, which could give
that Province a claim founded on a delined or exclusive
possess ioiii

The [Kiwers confercd on a colonial dependency can-
not (as it has been liefore oUserved) extend so far as lo
em|iower the authorities of such a dependency to in-
terlijre forcibly in matters of jurisdiction bi^ond the
limits of the tiirritory of which she has at least actual
and ipiiet possession, de facto. Such an authority rests
widi thu Metropolitan State.

The possi^ssion, taken by New Hrunswick, of lands
on the south .side of the Ristigouche, and north of the
highland range extending westwardly from Bale des
Chaleurs, is therelore insuliicient for establishing a po.s-
se.ssory claim on behalf of that Province lo any part
of the territory to which it has extended ; lirst, be-
cause it was assumed wliv..i no right of interferiii" with
the po.ssessions of another Province was vested in the
government of New Hrunswick ; and secondly, bccaiisi^
the adverse and far more ancient and extended posses-
sions of Canada in the same undivided territory, pre-
clude the passibiliiy of the creation of a distinct and
separate claim to any part thereof, by ex parte acts of
New Uruiswick, of coin|iaratively recent date, which
can merely go to establish a conflicting and cotempo-
nineous jurisdiction, over a small part of the tract,
without prejudice to the unbroken ai.d recognized juN.s-
diction of Canada over the entire territory.

In addition to the above mentioned cases, where the
government of New Hrunswick has encroa<died on the
limits of territory actually in possession of Canada,
and acquired partial possession of r.-sulaleii tracts there-
in, it appears that more recently, in the year last
past, (1813,) a still more extended attempt was made
on the part of that Province, having for its object the
immediate and unauthorized as.sumption of jurisdiction
over a large section of the Province of Canada, lying Map A
to the north and west of any possible boundarv of New
Brunswick, ami extending northerly to within a short
distance of the river Saint Lawrence.

The facts connected with the institution of this claim,
and the grounds upon which it was sustained by the
authorities of New Brunswick, are, fjr the mn.st part,
contained in diKiumenls placed by the Lieutenant-
Governor of that Province, lieiore the legislative assem-
bly, and printed by order of the same, in February,
1844.

/V|>l)C'tiili]

■\|>|«!iuli>

A[i]M<||JiX|

12,

[20]

i ApiH'iiiliit, N»i
II.

Mn). B.

( A|>|i4'iiili >, N"
II A|i|iriiilii, Ni>

to
11-
hi'
ml

1(19

lilt'

dta

K>S-

liirt
L(-
'iili

tilt!
I1M1
Bt'S-

)rc-
iintl
sot'
licli

I|M1-

iict,

inis-

Iht^
tilt;
iilii,
t!rf-
liist
intlt!
tilt;
tion
I'illg Ma|. A.

ifcw
ihort

aim,

til.!

part,
lant-
sem-
wry,

/\[i]K'n.iix,No,
i:„ii,|-."J,

Licenses to cut timlxT in ililU'rcnl jiiirt.s ol' tin- torri-
tory, lyiiii{ tietwttun tlio MuilawiiNka, Saliil Fraiii'.j.s and
Saint Juliii'ii rivvrs, liiitl Ih'i'ii graiiliMl to tlillrreiit iiidi-
vidualM liy tliu guvurninviit of Canada. 'V\w iiiillairitit'.s
of Nuw Uriinswick rel'iiwd ti> nulior the tinilM.'r, taken
by virtUL' of sucli lii^ensuit, to pass tliruiigli that I'ni-
vinco until tlitj full pricti uf tliu tiinlxir was again paid
tti tliL'ir uwii govt'riununt.

To thuso terms the purclinscrs were iililigi'tl to suli-
mi*., or to sulltir the entire forteiture of llieir tiniU'r.
But this was not all the loss to which thi^y were suh-
jectud by the New lirunswick goveriiinenl. They
were treated as otlenders against the laws of that Pro-
vince and made to pay fines or penallies, cxfi't'diiig the
first cost tif the limber, as sold by the governineMt uf
Canada. *

It will now be slitiwn that thisindircrt assiiinplion of
territorial right on lli' part of New liniiiswiik, was
made in violation of the positively evpresxil cuMiiiiaiids
tit the imperial goveriiineiit, and in the fiici! ol' a valid
and uninterrupted excriuse of jnrisdiflioii over ihc same
territory, on the part of Canada, from llin liirie of the
first setlleineiius or grants made, in lliat jiarl of the
country, by the governiiieiit of Fiance.

A|ii«:aJii(, No. In n confidential despatch from Sir (ieorge Murray
''• to Mr. Jiresident IJIack, of New Uniiiswiik, dated .S(h

April, mJU, and printed under an ordi r of the assem-
bly of New Hrunswick, of the Kith Keliriiary, 1811,
that Province was strictly forbidden to extend her ju-
risdiction further to the liorlhwanl than the moulh of
the Madawaska river, while, at tli(! same lime, slie
was allowed to continue the exercise of jurisdielion
("as heretofore") over the settlement along the Saint
John river and other parts of the disputed territory. —
No. Now, New Hrunswick had never exercisi.'d jurisdic-
tion over any territory in the interior, to the luMth of
the portii) of the Saint John river, then referred lo, but,
on the contrary, such territory had ever conliiiuetl to
remain under the jurisdiction of (/anada.

In the some confidentinl despatch it was also sinieil
that it was " advisable for the government of [..ower
" Canada to mainUiin and exerci.se its jiirisi^ 'ion
" over the lake Temiscouata and the river Aladav, .islca
" (jiiite down to the aforesaid grant, to Simon Hubert,
" at its inuuih. "

It has been alleged, in relation to the pa.ssage above
copied from Sir George Murray's despatch, that the
limits of jurisdiction, to be maintained by Canada as
therein ilescribed, were only inlendeil lo inchidi! the
lake Temiscouata and llie river MadawiLska, with the
shores in their immediate vicinity.

It can easily be shown thnt the text does not admit
of so limited a construction.

In the same sentence of the despatch where the limits
of Canadian jurisdiction are so delined, are addiul tiie
words " which will incluile the whole fief of Mada-
waska ;" an unoquivoi^al expression, showing clearly
that it was not the waters and shores of a lake and ri\er
alone which wore to remain under Canadian jurisdic-
tion.

It may be asked to what distance was it then intentl-
cd that the territory, remaining within the jurisdiction
of Canada, should extend back from the waters of lake
Temiscouata and of the river Madawaska ?

* 1 wttR recently informed, by one of the parties, that lie
was coiiiiwlled, by the authorities of New riruiiswiok, to pay
two shilliiiL'n per ton of timber as a fine or ^wnalty, besiclew
one Kliilliirjr \wr ton as tlic c.X|)ort duty, while the oii^'iiial
price, (Iciiinnded by the government of Canada, was only
me ihiUing and eiglu peace for the same quantity.

M»M H.
l>

A|i|)4<iiiJix,

There is abundant authority for answering such a
tpie.stion.

In llio first place, it may be observed tliat the lan-
guage of the despalith was, that New lirunswick sliouhl
" niaintaiii its juri.silitlion an heretofore, in oilier paris
" of the disputed territory including ibt: MadiiwiUfkit
" aelllemeni on ilie main rimr Suinl John, but nol to
" extend it up the ri«er Muilawasku."

The previous jurisdiction of New lirunswick, in the
dispuled territory, which she was allowed by this il ">-
patch to co/i/i/iue " «,v /itc<'<r/occ, " was tiinliiied to
the .sctllenieiils now situate in the Slate of Maine, and
the narrow strip bordering on the north slioi< of tiie, Saint
John, but not i^xleiidilig lo llie norlh of the iMiid strip.

The settlements along the Madawaska riier, whit h Api.. r..!i\,r..'.
have always Ih'CIi under the jorisdletion of Caiiaua, i nui- 'fi
Ineuee a li'W miles alio\e llic! eiitriuice uf the M.iil.i-
waska river into ilii! Saiiil John, ai:d exieial upwiinls,
on (row II lauds, as well as in the giiiiileil liei ul Ai.iiKi-
wasku.

I It llicnre appears that New lirunswick has never
arcpiiied a.iv riglil of jnrisdieliiiii ii\er the teriilLiy
north of llie selllenients nloiig the Saint Jcijui, while do

, the other liaiiil, ull the otlu^r m tlleineiits in the .saiiu'
territory have remained uiiinlerrupledly uiiiJLr the ju-
risdiction uf Caiiuila.

In the lirst statement on the part of (ire.nl liritiiiii of ;\,,|,nJi.x..N ..
; the disputed points under the lit'lli article of the tre.ily-'"
' of Ciheiil, it is niaiulained, that the lief .M;iihiw,islv i
; always formed a part of Canada, wliether held 1 y
! France of (ireat Hrilain ; that it could not have l.en
oriii'inally considered asan insiil'.iti^d portion of ('iiiiail:i,
! tiiially disunited fiuin that I'roviiice, ami, th.il (Jieat
liritiiin was warranted in llie rourlusion thai llie
whole trad of counlri/ in whieli the lief lies, was
alwins eiuisidered ami treated liy the nullioiilies of i'a-
iiaiiu as an inleL,ral portion of that Province.
1

j This slatement, made on beliiilf of Creat nrit:iin, i>' A|.;^ u.ilt.N.i.
specially lefered lo in llii' conliilenlial ilespateli of Sir''"
(ieorge Murray, and it is parliriilarly slated llnTein
that the exercise o( Canadian jurisdiction, then deliiied,
was lu^cessary, that the conduct of (ircat liritaiii
might Ite coiisislrnt with her arguments.

As, in her said arguments, Giv.i. ...ilain had as'<mned
liiat Madawaska was not an insuhiliil tract of C;iiiai!hi:i
lerr lor\, il is iinposihie losuppo.se that she would liuil.'
; it such, in the very .step taken by her lor reuderiiii; her Ji-
guiiieiit and eiHidiict t:olisislent with i;a(^h other, iiiid, we
come lo llie inevitable concliision, wliicli is imieed llit'
only po.ssible ciuistruelioii of the language ii.sed in tiie
di'spalch, that the jurisdiction assigneil to Ciuiada, a,s
tberi'in coiilemphited, einliraceil " the whol: Irod oj .
countrij," ill which the lief Madawaska lies, down di jj
llie mouth of the river of the .same name, and leriniiial-
iiig on the .sotth^ments along the shore of the inaiii
river Saint John, where it had been before proMil,
on the trial of John liaker, that the Province of New
lirunswick actually exercised jurisdiction.

With the above facts in view, ond remembering that the
Province of New Hrunswick as a colonial depriideiicy,
can pjsse.ss no powers for asxtiming forcibly a jios-
seaman, already vested in another Province, we can
hardly imagine proceedings so arbitrary and unsup-
porti^d bv even n colour of right, as tlio.sc of New liruns-
wick, with regard to the timlier licenses, which, hati they
licen adopted by any foreign state under die pretence
of pos-sessing claims, similar to those .set up by New
Brunswick, cuuld only have lieen considered as acts of
unauthorized aggression, at variance with the recognized
laws of nations.

l.x.Ni.

[26]

.■\|..v„.|

Abi. (•

,\,v...;,x,.N..

A||«i

It niny Iw' nski-il, wlml lins Ni'W Rriiniiwirk mldin'od
ill jiiNlilK'iitiiin of siu'li II niiirM' of |iriitL'i'iliii^ ? iiiiil llir
i|iii'Mii>ii liiis alri'iiily Ix'tiii iiiiswrml ; nIio liiis iiii'irly
iiistiliiU'd viirioiis icrriloriiil uliiiins, sii|i|ii)rl((l only liy
!>i.iii!iiH'nt.s of viiiioiis uiij cuiitruitktiir^ kinds, uiid
iiiNiisi:i'[itiliii! of priNif,

His Exci'llency tlio Lipulfniml-Govcrnor of Now
ISruiiKwii'k, ill a dV^patcli dated 1 llli of AiiE;iiNt, IHI3,
|)rinliil with other dotiiiiienls liy order of tlie New
llruiisw'ek AsseiiiWy, (|iiin<^ It of the |Minted copy)
ineiitioiis tliis portion of the disputed territory, lis ler-
riliiry (ici/uirrd liy tin.' treaty of Wasliiiijrlon, in wliieli
the lioiimlary luMween the two I'rovinies had not heeii
deliiied.

A2;»in, in a des))ali:li of ti;c 14tli NoveuilKir, 1813,
(pau'e liM of the said eopy) His Exeelleiicy states, that
the same territory, whieh was chiinied by the I'liiled
Slates, ncLrumtrili/ reverted to New Hriiiiswiek when
that chiiiii was rehiiipiished liy the treaty of VVashinj;-
lon ; from whiih we must naturally infer that His
K\celleiicy hail eliari(ed his opinion, Hm\ then helieved
liiat this territory was iwl a new acipiisition, hut a
lemiiaiit of the I'lDvinee of New Hrunswiek, which, hy
some evlraordiiiary proiess, had U'come Irunsferred to
ihe icvsl side o| the prolongation of tli<^ line from thi'
Saint Croix river, formiui; the ivcstirn bounilaiy of
New liruijswitk.

In ai.otiier dn-irnent eoneernlii!; the hoiindary, from
the pell of Mr. Wilkinson, hi-oui;ht lorwanl hy His
K\eelleiKy in support of theilaims of New liriinswiik,
iVeipielit allusions are made to the " loss of territory"
siitieri'd hy New liriiiiskwiek under the treaty of U'asli-
ini;lon, * fiolii wheme we are warranted in lielieviiis;
tliai Mr. Wilkinson did not a^ree in His Kxeelleiiey's
lii'sl opinion, that the teriilory eomprised in the .Ainu-
rii an elaiiii and alnrwaiils reliiupiished in the treaty of
I. Wushiiigion, was territory newly aeipiireil. It is eer-
taiiilv not a link' siu'prisiiii; that His Kxcelleiiey the
Lieiiteliaiit-CioveiiiMr, alid Mr. Wilkinson, should holh
have l'Mr;iMllen thai (ireal Uiitain had espiessly deelaied
thai a lari;c and inte^'ial portion of tins territory formed
pait III Canada,

Th s vai;ueni ss and entire uneertaintv, res|H'elin!;
the tine liaiure of their own alleyi'il elaims, seems to
have pnvailed with every inili>;;.ial, who has attempt-
ed to <hMUss the merits of the (|uestioii on liie part of
New Hrunswiek.

In the House of Assomlily of that Province we hear
the lliinoialile Speaker state his opjniim that the " Ke-
port" which had already heen niiiile hy Lord Ashhiirton,
wiis u satislaetory one, and that it was liest to he can-
/((/ in what ih.y were noint; to do " liir the ipiestion
" ought to he handled very cimJ'uHy."

A tiicmln'roflhe lionse,lieiniMilMiiinExrriitive Coun-
cillor, tlioiii;lil it best to p't iip' ii res|ivctful addrL'SR to
Her Slajesty on the siihjecl ; lliat lliey should he parti-
culiirli/ aiuliotiii in what manner the luldresn wiis prc-
piired,and should slate liohly that the hind in dispulu
heloni;ed to tlitMn " and not Milinit that oiiu binglv inch
" of il belonged to Ciinndii."

It iTiust he ndmitted that this Inst mwlu of denting
wilh th(! ipiestion has been adopted in New Rrunswick,
from the year 17H7 down to the present lime; mere
assertions, even without the seniblnnce of sup|M)rl, seem-
in;; to have Ikm'U pieferred to undoubtetl fuels in their
argutiienis in support of their ever clniniriiig claims.

In the snmo debate where the prcccilini' romnrkx . , .
were made, another memlier of the Executive Council 39,
iiillirnn.'d the Assembly that " the ipie.stion before them
" was n dilhcult one and should be dealt wilh very
" cdutiouHly, for the government at home had done
" every thing in their power to advance the clainia
" oftltis Province" (New Hrunswiek.)

This Inst statement, coming to the Assembly of Now
Kriinswick through the regular channel of communi-
cation from the Executive Government, might at first
I seem startling to Can >da, particularly as such a variety
of clainis (some of which go (o the length of the entire
dismemheriiient of Canada and the annexation of her
territory to New Hrunswiek) have lieen brought under
tlie consideration of the imperial government by the
latter Province.

But such stiitements, with whatever apparent autho-
rity they may be made, must be regarded as incurred.

Great Britain wilh her enormous extent of colonial
possessions, scattered in every cpinrter of the gloln",

Isolarfrom having shown partiality to any one, over
another, has always maintained a steady and even
handed exercise of justice towards them all, according

'to the res|M'ctive rights with which slie had previously

■ seen lit to endow them.

There cannol be a more obviinis case in point than
is found in the proceedings of the imperial govern-
ment in relation to the Province of Canada.

At dilTi^rent |)eriods, liefore the final conquest ofp „;
Canaila, Great Briti in bad issued grants of tracts,
lying mostly to the south of Canada, but extending the
descrintion of the limits of such grants, to the river
Saint Lawrence.

These were, however, merely war grants, and never
came practically into etlect.

A|1|H

V(l,

AftiT the delinitive treaty of |)ence in 176.3, when
France ceded all her former Canadian and Acadian
possessions to Great Britain, these war grants were
ipiestion, Ihe I'rovince of New Brunswick " should i not confirmed or naiewed by the latter government,
" go on the Ashhurion line and claim all, on to the but, all the territory adjoining the river Saint Law
" river Saint Lawrence:" — rente, as far to the southward as the Baio des

I Chalcnrs, and thence along the line now in dispute

Mt i, a rurious fart ihai i„«t ] oll,«i„a. New nruiMWul, '".' '''« l'»"'"«' "[ ""^J^''' ''i'.g'"'-'« "^ """•' latHu'le, on Vi,l.. au.l»v

.Another menilMT observed that, as he understood the

Ap;i* nil
Saliil'.l

iv,N,i

arliiiilly (ici/i/of/ hnveral ilmuKuiiils of acres of territory liy
tile Iriaty of Wuriliiitgton.

The western tioiindary of Now Bnirewick, from the. source
of the Saint f'rnr;, was fixed l>y (ireat nritiiiii lo be a due
north livo. The explciiatory line traceii in 1817aiiil 1S18 was
run liy the neeille. willi only oi'casJDiial forrcrtions fur the
cli.mire in the iniijriielicnl variation. This variation is westerly
and rapidly increasing in proceedinij to die nor<hwar<l. The
line so traced was accordinjily found to incline stroiijrly to the
westward, leaving several thousands of acres of territory, he-
lonifini? to the State of Maine, within tlic limits of New
Bniiiswick. This territory was definitively nesiyned to
l\'"\v Brunswick, by the cnntirmntion of the cx|ilorntory line,
as the dividing boundary, in Uie treaty of Wueliington.

the bank of the Connecticut river, wa.s, by her, Aciof ITOJ.

assigned to the Province of Canada. At the same

time, the newly acipiired subjects of the Crown, resid- Appendix, No.

ing therein, who were nearly all of French birth or ''2-

origin, were duly secured In the enjoyment of their

general laws, customs and institutions, saving only

those laws which depended on the Sovereignty of

Franco.

In the subsc<]uent Imperial Statute 31 Geo. 3. rap.
31, dividing the Province of Quebec into the two Pro-
vinces of Lower and Upper Canada, tlie same liberal

[27]

., Aiiirmln \..

CI I as.
tn
riy
me

VVf

ini-
ifNt
I'ly
liru

IIT

idiT
th.'

tho-
ect.

>niiil
olic,
over
even
(lini;
jusly

tliiin

k'erii-

9t of
racts,
igthe
river

Ui,

' 1«,

Vfl.

P.+'C UI.

wlun
adiaii
were
merit,
Law
J lies
isiputc

le, on Viii.' Uufln'c
her ActutlTBl.

same

resiil- AppcniUi, No.

and just policy was contimied liy fircat Hritnin, in
rclulion to lier Niilijcsts of Hrilisli or Kreiieli origin,
eacii iMjiliK Nuslaimd in the tree exercise of tiie laws
and umiges most congenial to tlieni.

Tliu same generous |ioliey was alill ndliered to in
tlie Imperial Slatule, |m.vsed in the 3rd and llli years
of Her present Majohly, uniting tlie Canailas into one
Province.

All these Acts of tlio lioiiie government are indi-
cative of lier liliiiid policy toward.s tliis colony liir
more than eighty years past, and leave no grounds liir
the supfiosition that she is now desiro'is ol' dlsmeinlier-
ing Canada, and placing nunik'rs of its iiiliiiliitaiils, —
living there in full conlidence of JH-ing still protecteil
in the enjoyment of the laws to which lijey are accus-
tomed, and which Great Itritaiii has heiii pleased to
guarantee to them, — under the jurisdiction of another
Province, for the mere purpose of adding more territory
to New Uruiiswiuk.

It is therefore impossible that the Uritish government
can (as asserted in New Hruiiswick) have done all in
its |)ower to advance the claims mentioned hy that
I'rovinco for the dismemberment of Canada. ,

*'/. It has lieen shown that tho.se alleged claims do not |
!, depend merely on some presumed ambiguity of lan-
guage in the original descriptions of the boundary ; |
they go much farther tlian tiiat ; they extend to integral
portions of Canaila, where no <iilllculy can possd)ly
exist in con.struiiig tiie description of the boundary ; ;
they extend to tracts lying far without tiie possililc
limits of New Brunswick, in relation to Ut't eslublished
boundary line, and include territorial possessions of.
Canada, positively maintainc<<l by Great liritain herself
Ni>. to have lieen such uninti-rruptedly, from tiie year 16H3,
whether Canada was in the hands of the French or
English government. I

It cannot Ite denied that it is certainly in the power '
of the Uritish I'arllament to annex the whole of Cana-
da to New Brunswick, shouhl it see lit to do so, but,
as no Act has been passed annexing the whole, or part J
of Canada to any other possesaioii, though New Bruns-
wick has claimed a very considerable part, it is at
(mcc evident that Great Britain has not done all in her
power to advance that claim.

On referring to Lord Stanley's despatch to the Lieu-
tenant-Governor of New Brunswick, dated ijuth Octo-
ber 18-12, (|)rinted under order of the Assembly of
New Brunswick of 10th February, 18-11,) we (ind ;
that in answer to several ex parte ccmimunicationsfroin ;
the government of New Brunswick recommending the
adoption of a new and arbitrary line for the northern j
boundary of that Province, passing through the in- [
terior of, or including the wliole of Gaspe, His Lord- j
ship direct«d the Lieutennnl-Governor to put himself i
in communication with the Governor General of Cana- '
da, and to abstain from adopting any pnn'.eedings
which were indicative of his intentions in respect to
" a new boundari/ line,'''' until he was tully acquaint-
e<l with the Governor General's views.

This reply, precisely such ns might hove been an-
ticipated from a British Statesman, is suiricient of itstdf
to show, com hisively, that the undue partiality of the
home goveriinieni, alleged In New Brunswick to
exist, in favor of that Province, has, in fact, no exis-
tence whatever, except in the imagination of her par-
lizans.

It is painful to be under (lie necessity of pursuing the
investigation of adverse and conllicting chiinis oi'this
nature, in any case, but particularly so when they arise
between sister colonies, inhabited tpy fellow subjects,
owing allegiance to the same common Sovereign.

But Canada has too long remtiined passive in iht

present case, and rights, vested in her by the parent

stale, have been invaded and encroa' I'cd ujwn, almost
without reinonstruiice on her part.

In selllements and territories, over which she had
exercised an uiic|uestioned jurisdiction for many years,
a jurisdiction has been arbitrarily and iinautiiorisedly
assumed by New Brunswick; large tracts of the un-
appropriated, but legitimate territory of Canada, have
also, in like manner, been taken |M)ssession of by New
Brunswick, and have been, and still are, retained in the
possession of that Province.

Finally, after bringing forward various alleged
claims to sections of the Canadian territory, lying be-
yond her own possilile limits, and without awaiting the
; decision of Her Majesty's government thereupon, she
has, in the entire ali.sence of any right, as a colony, so
to do, indirectly taken upon herself forcibly to exercise
posst!s.sory rights in that territory, by seizingall the timber,
cut therein under the authority of Canada, and by punish-
ing \> ith heavy fines, the persons who had acted under
such authority, the possession of the same territory
having (as before observed) been heretofore, from the
lirst settlement of the country, vested in the govern-
ment of Canada.

This Province recognises no right or power, vested
in these cidonies by Great Britain, which can uutiio-
rize the interference of one Province with any existing
rights or actual exercise of jurisdieticm of tiie other,
even if the validity thereof be a disputed question.

Such power, it is contended by Canada, can be
vested only in the imperial government.

To that authority Canada confidently appeals, not
doubtin<; that the residue of her southern boundary line,
from the head of the Bale des Chaleurs to the western
boundary of New Brunswick, as ilie latter was linally
settled by the treaty of VVa.shington, will be established
according to the |M>sition assigned it by the Royal
Proclamation of 11 i3, and the Act of the Imperial
Parliament comnioi ly called the " Quebec Act," and,
that she will be dul; rp''-L.;,aed in the full possession of
all parts of the included territory.

\. WELLS.

Cmninissioner.

their

; only

nty of

.42.

I. rap.
> Pro-
liberal

mfja

APPENDIX

REPORT.

LIST OF CONTENTS.

-Nil. 1.-

— • I' a,-

-' 3.-
•'" 4.—

" 7.
" 8.

Paget,

■F.xlmrt IVom llic Oriffiiinl Ornm ol'Novn Srolin 3t

Kxlrurl IVom the Ho) ill Coinini^Hioii to MonlnBim Wilnionl, K.»(iuire 31

lixlriiil Iroiii llio ilcfiiiilive Trciity ol'J't'Boo cuiicluilcil at Puri» between Ilia Oriliuinic Miijeily aiid tho

Uniteil 8uitc« of America, 1783 31

Kxlmel IVoni the Treiily of Amity, Commerce nnd Navigntion between IIIh Dritnnnic Majeity and tliu

United Stutenof America, 1794 31

« f),— Declaration of llic Connnimiinneni appointed under tho 5lli Article of tho (above) Treaty of 1794,

concerning llic River Saintc t'roix 33

" C— Slntcnicnt concerning the dcciiiion of the CommiaaionerR appointed under tho 5lh Article of Uie Treaty

of 1791 ^2

Exlracl from the Keport ofMesHrs. FentherHtonhaugh and Mudge in relation to tlic River Saiiite Croix M
Report of Colonel Jo«. llouchctte, concerning the exploratory Survey of jmrt of tlio duo north line from

llie aource of the Saintc Croix 34

ReportofW. F. Odi'U, Esquire, concerning tlio exploratory Survey of tho residue of llie duo north

lino from the source of llic Saintc Croix 30

ExtraclKfrom the Treaty between Her Majesty nnd tlic United Slates of America, 1842 38

Title of the Seigniory of CMoridoa 3(1

Inslriicliiins IVom Lieutenant-Governor Hope to John Collins. Esquire 39

A Report to the Uovcmor-in-Chicf of the Britii<h American Colonies concerning a Survey ofLonda on

llic north siile of tlic Rialigoiiche River, 1788 40

Grant of the Fief and Seigniory of Shoolbred, 1788 40

UcBcriplion of the Ristigouche River, by Col. Joseph Bouchette, 1831 40

DcKcription of the Ristigouche River, by Robert Cooney, Enquire, of Mirnmichi, N. B., 1832 41

■DcBcription of the Risligoiiche River, by Pcrley. Esquire, 1813 44

Extrnrl from a Grant of Lands made to Samuel Lee, Esquire, 1802 45

■Extract from a Grant of Lands made to Adiim Gerard nnd others, 1812 45

Extract from the Provincial Statute of New Bnmswick, 2CGeo. 3. Cap. 1 40

■Ptovinciu' Statute of New Brunswick, 27 (leo. 3. Cup. 7 47

Extract from Ihe Provincial Statute of New Brunswick, 43 Geo. 3 (' ip. 4 47

•Extracts from the Provhicial Statute of New Brunswick, 7 Geo. 4. Cap. 31 47

Extract from tho Provincial Statute of New Uninswick, 1 Will. 4. Cap. 50 47

Provincial Statute of New Brunswirk, 7 Will. 4. Cap. 35 48

Extract from the Provincial Statute of New Brunswick, 7 Will. 4. Cap. 57 48

Extract from the Provincial Statute of Now Brunswick, 2 Vict. Cap. 19 48

•B'.xtracl from the original Letters Patent, under the Great Seal of the Province of New Brunswick,

Belting oft' tlie Counties of Northumberland and York 49

British statement concerning the Fief of Mndawaska 49

■List of 13 Documents concerning the Fief Mndawaska 51

■Extract from the Minutes of the pjxccutive Council of Ihe Province of Quebec, 9lh July, 1787 51

■Extracts from .he Minutes of the Executive Council of the I'rovincc of Uuebec, 4tli August, 1792 62

■Extracts from the Report of the Royal Commissioners, on tlic subject of the Southern Boundary of

Canada, 1840 68

■British statement com .ruing the nortli-weet angle of Nova Scotia 61

•Remarks made on behalf of Great Britain concerning the Ristigouche River, considered as a Boundary. 61
-Remarks made on the part of Great Britain in relation to the extended jurisdiction of New Brunswick

over portions of the Disputed Territory 61

-Copy of a Confidential Despatch of Sir G. Muriay, 8tli April, 1830 62

-Extract from Reports of Debates in the New Brunswick Legislative Afsenihly, 24di Fcbnmry, 1844. . 62

-Extract from Reports of Debates in the New Brunswick F.egislative Assembly, 4tli March, 1844 63

-Extract from Reports ofDebates in the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, 2l8t March, 1344 64

-Extract from Reports ofDebates in the Legislative Council of New Brnnswick, Ist April, 1844 65

■Exiraclii from Debates in the British House rf Commons on the Quebec Act of 1774, as reported by

the Right Honorable Sir Henry Cavendish, Baronet 66

Extract from a Letter of George Sproule, Esquire, Surveyor-General of New Brunswick, to Samuel

Holland, Esquire, Surveyor-General of the Province of Quebec, 1785 08

—Exlracl from tho Original Grant oi the Seigniory and Lake Matapediac, 1094 68

—Dcgcriplion of the Maps contained in this Report 68

10.-

11.-

12.-

-I-

13.-

14.-

15.-

10.-

17.

18.-

((

19.-

20.

21."

22.-

23.

21.-

(;

2,").-

2l'..-

27.-

28.-

29.-

30.-

((

31.

32.-

33.

31.

35.

30.

37.

((

38.

39.

((

40.

41.

42.

« 43.—

.11 44.

" 45,

APPENDIX.

[•ttget.
3t
31

:i3
;ti

30
38
31)
39

40
40
40
41
44
45
45
4U
47
47
47
47
48
48
48

49
49
51
51
53

58
61
61

61
&i
62
63
64
65

68
68
68

No. 1.

lllVKll HAI.NTK CllOIX.

Extract from Ihe Ordinal Grant of Nova Vcolia
to Sir lyUliam Alexander, dultd'\Olh Si iilembtr,
10:21.

" Omncn ol »in;(iilii!i tnrrin cnnliiirm'Di nc insulns «!■
tiiHtas ft jii<-(.'iit<'.H Ml Aiiicririi, iiilrii cii|iiit sen |iri>iii<iii
tiiriiiin, cdiiiiiiiiiiili'r ('ii|i dci Sulilu ii|i|ii'll<iliiin jiicnis
|irci|iu liilitucliticm i|iiiiilriii;iiila (riiiiii i{rii(liiiiiii, uiil l'd
I'irni III) (.'iiiiiiKictiiili liiii-u vitniih N('|ilriitriiin<'m, a <|iii>
|iriMniiiili)riii versus lilliiM inarin Iciali ns iid iKcidonlcm
ailaluliiiiiiMn Saiicta' Maria' tia\ iiiiii viili;(i Saiict Marii's
liay, lit (li!irirc|w versus (ie|p|eiilriiiMeiii per (liredam
lilieain iiitri)itiiin wive ONliiim iiia^iia' illitiN slalmnis
liaviuin trujicienlern, i|iia- exctirrit In terra' iirientaleiii
lila-ram inter re^ima'S Siirii|iii>ruin el Kieelieniinnriiiii,
vul^i) Suri(|U<MH et Kli'clH'Uiita.'S, ad lliiviiiin vijl^ro
liomitio Sanclai enicis H|i|ie|aliiiii, el ad sealiiri^iheiii
reinDtissiiiiain sive liiiilerii e\ orcidenlali parte ejiiMleni,
<pii Ni! primiirn predietn lliivio iniiiiistet ; male per
iiimifinnriain dirertam liiieaiii, (pae peri;eri per terrain
wil eiirrcri! vermis seplenlrlanein ciineipietiir ad proxi-
iiiam iiiiviuin Hlutionein tluvliini vel seatiirii;iriein in
inui;ii() fliivi'.) d<! Canada sese exoneranleni ; et nli eo
IMirgeiuli) viTsiis iirlenliinri per maris oras lilliiralcs
cpisdem fluvii de Canada ail Diiviiini, statimiein naviiim,
{iiirtum uiil littiis rimimiiniler iiumiliu de Guthepo vol
Gaspiu iiuluiii (It aii|M.'llatiiin. "

Nova Seiilin, vis : — lliut an|{lu which in rnrmed by h
line drawn due north ('riiiii llio .smiree nl' the Saintu
Criiix river In the lii)r|iluiul.s, aliin){ the saiil hi^^ldandx
wliieli divide liaise rivers that empty tlleln^elves into
the river Saint Ijawreniu Irnm lliosi.' whiehrall into iIm.'
Atlanlie Ocean, In llie niirlh-wesleriinaisl head ut'
Conneeliriil river, down alnii;; the iniddh! ol' thot
river In the fnrly liflh dej^ree nl' nnrlh latilnile, from
llieiiee liy a line due west on said lalitiidu until it
strikes the river lriii|iiuis or Calaruqny. "

No. 4.

No. 2.

Extract from the Roi/al Commimiion, aiipoinlinf;
Monta/fue yVilmot, Esmire, (.'ajitain General
and Governor in Chief over the Province of
Nova Scotia, dated 2l»l November, 1703.

" To the northward, our said Province shall he
boundeil by tiic southern bnnndary of our Province
of Qiielice, as far as liie western cxiremily of the Hay
des Chaleurs ; to the eastward by the said Bay and the
gulf of Saint Lawrence, &c., and to the westward,
ulthuugh our said Provini:n hath anciently extended,
and doth of right extend as far as the river Pentaguet,
or Penobscot, it shall be liouiided by u lino drawn
from Cape Sable across tiie entrance of the Bay of
Fundy to the mouth of the liver Suiiito Croix, by tiie
said river to iLs source, and by a line drawn dun
north from thence to the southern boundary of our
colony of Quebec. "

No. 3.

Extract from the definitive Treaty of Peace, con-
cluded at Pari*, between His Britannic Majesty
and the United States of America, on the 3rd
day of September, 1783.

Article 2nd. — " And that all disputes which might
ariM in future, on the subject of the boundaries of the
said United States, may be prevented, it is hereby
agreed and declared that the following are and shall be
Iheir boundaries, y'ls :— From the north-west angle of

Exlraci from the Treaty of Amity, Commerce ami
Naviifulion between His Jirilannic Majesty nnd
the Unilcd Slates of America signed at London
the mit day of November, 1794.

Article ."jth. — " Whercns doubts have arisen what
river was truly intentcd under the name uf the river
Sainte ('roix, na-ntinned in the said treaty of pi>acc,
and fnrniiiii{ a part of the boundary therein described,
lliat i|ueslinn sliall be referred to the final deci.si<in of
Cnininissinners, to be appointed in the following
manner, viz : —

" One Commissioner shall lie named byllis Majesty,
and one by the President of the United States, by and
with the advice and consent of the senate thereof, and
the said two Commissioners shall agree on the choice

I of a third ; or, if they cannot so agree, they shall each

' propose one person ; and of the two names so proposed,
one shall he drawn by lot in the presence of the two

I original Commissioners: and the three Commissioners
so ap|Hiinled shall he sworn impartially to examine

' and decide the said question according to such evidence
as shall res|M!('tively lie laid iH'forc them on the part of
the British government and of the United States. The
said Commissioners shall meet at Halifax and shall
have power to adjourn to such other place or places as
they shall think fit. They shall have power to appoint
a Secretary and to employ such surveyors or other
persons as they shall judge necessary. The snid Com-
missioners shall, by a declaration under their hands
and seals, decide what river is the river Sainte
Croix intented by the treaty. The said declaration
shall contain a description of the said river, and shall
particularize the latitude and hingitude of its moutli
and of its source. Duplicates of this declaration, and of
the statements of their accounts and of the journal of
their proceedings, shall be delivered by them to the
agent of His Majesty and to the agent <>f the United
Stales, who may lie respctively appointed and autho-
rized to manage the business on behalf of the respective
governments. And both parties agree to consider such
decision as final and conclusive, so as that the same
shall never thereafter be called into question, or made
the subject of dispute or dilfercnce between them. "

N. B. — An explanatory article was aftenvards
added to this treatv, declaring that the decision of the
Commissionnrrs should lie permanently binding on the
two governments, respecting the place ascertained and
described to be the source of the river Sainte Croix,
and also dispensing with their particularizing tlie
geographical position of the same.

[n2]

N<..

Dfcliirdliiin (11 lo Ihe liiiiiiultii'if^ nf llir Hirer
iSiiinlf Cioi.c.

" Tlioliinsilliirtlii), D.ivii'i ll'ni.ll iiliil K.liImtI ltrli>iri,
(.'(Hnilli*>'iiilirr'< nii|»iilllcll jll |ilirMlllll(r nl' lnc

'nil iirllilr >'l' till' 'Irriiiv 111' .\iiiit\, ('<Mn-
liii'iii' iilid \.i\ ii;.ilM>ti, lirlwii'ii lli> llriliili- I

Mil' M.iii'sl> ^iiiil ill" I'nilril Sl;ili N xl'A rii'ii, {

liliiillv 111 (Irriilr llir iinivliiMi, " Wli.'l liMr 1
was Iriilv InlriMli'il iiiiili r llir niiiiii' i<rilir|
ri\rr Siiiiili' CiiMV, iiHiiliiiiiril in iIm' IhmIx
111' (iracr lirUVirll lli> Miiir>.l> lini! llli' I liilnl
Sliilio, r<iriiiiii^ 11 pari of iIm' luniiiiliirv llnri'ili

lliMllblll '"

DKl I.AIIATION.

" \Vi' llir siiiil Ciiiiinii-si r<, li.i>iiii; liri'ii swnrn

ilii|iartialh In lAaiiiiiir ami dniili' iIh' s.iiil i|UrslMiii
itii lUiliim 111 sm li rviili'iHi' a:< slniiilil ii'>|ir(liMl» lie
luul U'liiii' lis, nil till' jiart III' till' jtrilisli jjnvi'miiiiiil
aiiil of tliv I iiilcil Slates, aiiil lia\ lii^ iii'iiril llir I
fvidi'iKT wliicli liatli liLTti l.iiil lii'liirn lis liy (lie
aK'ii' *'l "'" Maji'tiy iiml llir nirini "f il»' I'liiiril
StuU'S, rrs|ic(livi'ly, iiii|iiiiiili'il iiiiil iiiillmrizril In
niaiiuni: till' liiisiiiiNs nil licliair nl' lli«i ri'»|ii'iliv(' |
govfriiliii'lits, liavt! iltciilril ami lirnliy <li> iliiiili' llir j
riviT liiri'iiiul'lfr |miiiriilaily ili'srriliiil anil inriiliniii'd,

to Lc llif river irnly iiilemli'd iinilir llie nai f llie '

river Sainle Crnix, in iIik said Irraly nl'iietire, ami liiriii- i
ilii; a pari nf llie linundary llii'iein desi riliiil, ilial is In |
Nnv, the iniiiith nf llie said riMT is in I'assaiiiiiipinddy |
H<>y,at a point nf l.ilid ealLiI Joe's I'ninl, aliniitmie mite
norlliwaiii (rniii tlie imilliern part nf Saint Andrew's
Cslaiid, ami in ll i laliliide nl' fnrly-live deurees livo
ITiiluile.s aiiillive seennds nnrlli, and in llie Inn^itiide
ol' sixtV-si'Veii ilei;rees twelve iniliilles and lliirly
gceoiids west frnin llie Rnyal nliservatnrv al Cireenwieli,
in (ireal Uritaiii, and tliree de!;rees liCty-rmir niiniiles
und lil'leen sco mis east fnnn Harvard Cnlle^e, in llio
University of I'aiiiliridije, in the Stnle nf Massaehiis-
sttls ; and the i-mirse nf the said river up I'mni its
.said month, is nnrlherly, to n point nf land called the i
Utivil's Head, then tiiriiini; the s,i',l point, is westerjv, i
lo when; it divides into two streams, the one comiiii; i
from the westward and the oilier c-nmirii; from the j
northward, having the name uf Chipiilnalerook, or*
Cliilmilconk, as the same may he varinusly s|H'It, then ,1
up the said stream so comini; from the nntlhward to its
snuree, w liieli is a stalcii near a yellow liirrli tree liooi)-
pil willi iron, and marked S.T. and I.IJ. 1707, liv Sa-
muel Titcomhand Jnjin Harris, tlio surveyors employed
to survey thu aliove-mentioned stream romini; from the
I'.nrlhward ; and the said river is (h'siirnaled on the map
hereunto annexed, iind lierehy referred to us further
ilescriplive of it hy tin,' letlers A H C D E F (i
H i K and L; the letter A lieinir at its said minitli,
and the letter L Ikmus; ut its said source ; and llin
course and distance of the said source from the island,
at the continence of the aliove-menlioned two streams,
is, as laid down on the said map, nortli live <h>grees luid
aliout fifteen minutes wfrst hy the mngm^t ahoiit forty-
eight miles and one quarter.

" In testimony whereof, we have lioreunio set our
hands and seals, at Providence, in the State of Khode
Island, the twenty-fifth day of Octolier, in the year
one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight.

Thomas Barclay.
David Howkll.
Egbert Benson.

L. S.
h.S.
L. 8.

(Witness,)

Edward Winsi.ow,
Secretary lo the Commissioners.

\i.. n.

Tiir/nlloirliii; flnlfniiiil in rr^prrl In Ihr forrifoin/f

ilicisinn i.i niiiiiil Jriiin n jiriiilrtl luimiihlil, ami

i.i niiiiiiosiil Id ciiiiir Jriiin Ihv inn of llif Hon.

Iliinl Clii infill II, t'liirf .liinlicr of S'fii' Hruns-

irirk, ii'lio iriiH llif l.iiw .inriil on Ihr imrl of

tin III Hriliiin iiiiilir Ihr bih iirliclr of Hit Ireal i/

of (ilunl.
I

" \\\ the provisions nf this treaty, one Commissiiiner
was III he iippiiiiileil hy em li ijiiveriimeiil, iiiiil the Iwii
('oilliilissioiiers, NMappoillHil,\vere lo iijrree in the choice
of II Ihii'.l ; or if lliev iniilil Imt ai^ree, eiicli was In prii-
piise niie persnii, and of the Iwn n. lines mi prnpo>i'd, one
«as III he ihiiwii liy Inl ill llie presence nf the two nri-
i:iii.il (niiimissioiiers. In this iiislaiice the twii ori){inal
( oniinissii.iiers did agree in ihi' iliiiii e of n third. \
.luilg ■ if the Supreme {'niirt in llie Stale nf New Vnrk,
and a iiiuii wlmse charactir stnod high fur liilelil and
integi'ilt ; it liiiie^ prnhahly tliniiirht innre ad\ isalile hy
the lliilish ('iiiiiiiiissinner, In seled, liy iiiiiluiil i Imice,
.III iiiiliviiliial, wlinse character was klmwn In him
alllin' a ciii/.i II nf llie riiiled Sliiles, than In trust li>
the iioiiiiiialinn nf a third ( 'niiiiiiissinner, and thus In all
pinli.ihility lea^ iiig the decisinn nf the cnntrnversy en-
tirely III cliance. This wiis in (he y ar '7!)(i. The
discussions Inline three ('niiiniissioners wcieinntiniieil
until the aiitiimn of 17!)H ; the Mai;a);uiidavic lieing
lliioiigliiMit, niiist slrinnoiisly insisU'd upon lis the true
ri\ei Sainte t'roix, on the part nf the I'niled .SlalcM.
The result in the lirst iiisliince was, at the time, well
iimlirsioiiil In he thai the third C'onimiskloiier, who was
III f.ict the uiiipire, expressed himself salislied that the
llrilishclailii was fully estalilislie:l to the river Schondic,
as I he rivr Sainle I' iniv, Irnly intended hy that name in
llie ireaH nf 17H,1, and to the western branch nf tliiit
river, as the trunk and main river ; the orielmil f'om-
missioiier expressiiiir himself lo henf a dilli'rent npiniuli.
riie third (nmniissinner Imwever placed the source nl
the river, which the treaty re(|uired to lie parliciihirized,
at the mniilli nf ihe easleminnst of the SchniMJic lakes,
where he seems lo have ciiiisidereil it as losing the
form of a river. This point is situate iilMiut live or nix
miles ahove the conlliience of llie ('hopiitnalicook witli
the main river, nnd on a meridian several miles lo the
eastward of the soiim; of the Chepiitniilicook. In tlii.s
stale of things it was proposed hy the .Vmerican agent,
hy way of accommodation, lo adopt tlii! extreme norlli-
ern source of the ('liepiiUialirook, or northern brancli
of the Schoodic, as Ihe source of the Sainte Croix. The
iniliicement to this proposal on his part was said to lie
to save to the Slate of MassiM-liussetIs certain grunts of
land that had heen mndi^ hy that Slate lietween the
western and northern hraticlies of the Schoodic; and
Hs this proposal phiced the source of the SainteCroix on
a meridian considerahly lo the westward of the point
named as the source of the river hy the third Commis-
sioner, it was acceiled lo on the part of His Majes-
ty, and hriniglit about what was evidently n wry desi-
rable object ; an unanimous decision of the three Com-
missiota^rs, who accordingly, by their declaration,
estahlisheil the river SchuiHlic, and tlic northern brunch
of that river to its source as the river Sainte Croix, truly
intended in the treaty of 1783. The declaration of
these Commissioners is thus spoken of hy the President
of the United States in his speech to Cong"'s.s, De-
cemlwr 8tli, 1798. This decision it is understood will
preclude nil contenlion among individual claimants, as
it .seems that the Schoodic and its northern branch
bound the grants of lands which have Ix^en made hy the
ros|iectivc adjoiring governments. I have been thus
particular in the history of the decision with regard to
the river Sainte Croix, which was a matter of notoriety
at the time, nnd it is reasonable to suppose may be
substantiated by documents in the hands of those offi-
cially connected with the transaction, because tbo

[ '» ]

WrilrrM ill llir Sliilr dF M>iI||i-, ill II N|iiril lit no tuning
iilHTiil iir iii:i)(iiiiiiiiiiiiiii«, ^|ll'llk III' ii 11^ mil' in uliirli mi
4iilviiiiliiKi' wiiN iililiiiiii'il iitrr llii' I iiili'il Sliilii, Mini
iiiikIii II iiii'rit III' ilir SLiiriiC M,iiiii> mill Mii>«iirliiiM'ii<i

liavill); Ijllll'lly niiIiiiiiIIiiI in H ; wlnrrlll if lllllinMlll

«'unlriiVfr»if< iirr in lir \m ii;liiil in ijir niiiiii' nirrnw
liculi- III) llir ili<i|Mlli!-i iiriiliHliii.ili' lili)(;iiil)i III II niiiiiii i|imI
f'oiirl, llir •ii1tiiiilii|;i' ni.it lii' I'uirlt Mini In lii' mi iIm'
purl III' llii' I'nili'il Si.iIi'n, Inr il ii{i|ii'iirs In iin' lliiil llii
«iMirM' iiiirsmMl lit iIh' ('miiiniioinnii^ iimlrr llir iniiit
uf I7JM, Willi rri(iiril llir Minni' nf ihr S,iiiil(> ('mix, i>
t'leurly rrrnni'iniH, ii|imi i|ii> |iriiiri|ili' tvlnrli )'.<ilaliliitlii'il
flio river itMilI'lo Imi tliu tnin Siiiiitt' ('mix.

"Tliiil |iriiiri|ili' IsNiinrlltlllis : lln- livirSiiinlrCrnix
nilniilril ill (III' iri'iitt III' n^lllfisa riti'i',ii iliir imrili linr

I'rmil llll' snillTC 111' tvllicll, rnllil', iilll' siljr nf ijlr limlli-
Wi'^l iili;{lii III' N'liVil Sinliii, mill llii'i'i 'fnir ttiit ii |iml nl
llic wcNirrii hniiiiiliiry nflliiil I'mviiirr. 'I'licrinT wliii II

WllSil |llirl nl'llir Woll I'll iMilliiiliirt III' Nnva Slnlill, i>llir
riviT inli'iiilril liy llm niiiiii' nl ilir Siiinli' ('ini\ in ihr
«irij;illiil frcclinii nl llilit I'lnvinri', In llic (.'riiiil nl'
KiiiK .liiini'S till' IdI In Sir Williiini Ali'\iinili-r in iIh'
yrar llii I, iiinl in lliiil uiaiii ili'siiiliiil llms :-— " 'riic
" riviT (•nnimnnly calli'il In llir iiaini' nl' llir Samlr
*' ('mix, anil In llir inn>i rrinnlr >|irin',f nr Iilll nlai II frniii
" tlio wrvlrrn pari nf llir s;inii', wliii li lirsl iniiitjli's iKrlC
" Willi llir afnrrsaiil liver." 'I'lir rit rr lliiisili'siriliMl in
tliii« i;riiiit In Sir William Alrxiinilir is llir ritrr riillnl
{^.lilllr ('mix, liy llir lirsl Kniiili viiyiii^rrrs llirrr, in llir
year lUIII, 'riic imrlicniar anil iniiinlr ilrM'ri|ilinn
jjivrii by lliesn vnyiiijrrMir llir ritrr wliirli llirv rallcil
Sainir Oiiiit, and rsitrriiilly nl' a siniill isliinil in llic
mniilli iil'llial ritrr, on wliirli llicy tvinlrrril, cnrrrs-
jmiiil cxuilly Willi llir rivrr SrIiniMlir ; iiiul n sirnilj
islanil in tlir niniilli nl' llml rivrr, a slinrl ilislanrr
iilMivr S.iinI Anilrcws, rallrii hy (lir Kinicli |»lr Sainir
<'r()i\, siiifU rallrj Hour nr DncriiN Islaiiii. nn wliirli
iNlaiiil wrrr li>unil in tlir yrar 17!)!), iiiiii prnlialilv rxist
to the (irrsiMit ilay, iniliiliitablr traces nf tlir lialiitalinns
<li!.seriltril willi such iniinite particularity liy ihr Firneh
liistmiaiis nf the vnyairr of tUOt : anil the ih'seriptimi
of tlit'sii liiNtoriaiis will cnrrespniiil with no ollirr river
or ishiiiil III that liri);hhinirliooil. The rivrr Sehomlir
is thurel'ore llie river intenih'il in (lie ^lant to Sir Wil-
liam Alexaiuler, asH western iHHinilary of Vova Scotia ;
(inil if so, hy the ilcsiTiptioii in the t;ranl, shonlil he
i'uliowril as a hminilary to itM most wrslern sourer or
spriiij;, which accnrilinj; to the principle wmihl Im' the
Iriie hoiiiiilury of lliu treiity of I7H;J. Hut as ii inrasnrr
of uccominiidation sui;;{uste(l liy the person to whom
tlio inanii);oinent of this matter was enlriislril hv the
United Status, and acquiesced in hy all the parlies, the
miiircu of thrSaintrCroix was fixed at a point on a meri-
<liaii sevoral miles to the eastward of the smirco drsi)»-
nnted in the orifriiial ih'claratioii of the western hoim-
dary of Nova Scotia ; and is, therefore, in so far an
iidvantage lu the United States. Now, I raniiol think
that this desiirnation of the maircc of the river Sainte
Croix, hy the ('oinmissioiiers under the .5th article of
tho treaty of 1794, can Im- defended ii|Nin the principles
which must dcmoiistrahly have governod their decision.
And His Majesty's subjects in this quarter would lie
Well jiLstitied in complaininf; of it, if il had not liren
yielded to, for the piirjHiso of previmlinp a more unfa-
vorable result, ai^cording to the orij;innl decision of the
umpire in the selection of n point lyin;; on a meridian
lino several miles further to tlie eastward, as the source
of the river, and if its etrect on the interior boundary
were of material moment. Hut the fact is, that if
the most western source of the Schoodic had been de-
cided to be the source of the Sainto Croix under
the treaty, it would have carried the line running iliio
north from that point, only aliout ten miles further to
the westward, * and if the river Saint John is to be

* It il about 18 miles.— A. W.

I'crn^Mil ht this iliir imilh liiii', ai i iirililii{ In thr rliiim

\ si'i lip lit llir Amirirmis, in ihr i nnirntrrst imtv sub-

sislini;, sill h liiii , liiim III)' iii'isl ttrsirrii sniin r nl ihr

Srlin.illir,ttnlllll liatr l rnssril llir S, mil ,ln|i|| iilmill fnlir-

ItM'ii null's iiliiitr the (irral H'lilN ; miil us In its ihtiiI-
ciniis nprralinii ,is a liniinilmt ttmilij ni'l Vart siihslall-
iiiillt li'iin a nnrili liiir niiiniii'^' Imm llir tiiniiiiinunl ul

llir snlinr nf llir ( lirpullllllilonk.

Dill, s,iv llir Anirricin writers, ihr Sainir Crnix

inlriiilril lit llir lir.ilynf IIH,!, is lint ihe S.iililr Crnix

nl Sir Williiiiii .Ml Xiiliilrr's Kiaiil in lii.'l, iiiir llie

.H.iinlr Crnix sn liami il ht Ihr Sinn l)r Miinls. in lliiil

|t Iilll llir rivrr niarki'il lit llir nainr nii MilihiU's map,

I tvliii'li lihip was III Inrr ihr Ciiliiliiissiniiris \\|in lir^nri.

ali'il till' liriily nl pracr in IIH. I, iiiiil thr river niMrkeil

, nil lli.it liiiip, IIS till' S.iilili' Crirx, is llir iirxl t;rriil

I iitir vti'sitMiiil III Ihe Saint Jnliii, Mild is clearly the

j iMat;iii;uadavic.

I, " This map nf Mill hell was piihlishrd in the year
I I*.').'), jirinr In Ihr rrei linn of the I'rnviiirr nl (^iie'liec,
anil thr introiliii'linn of liii{lilaiiilsasa nnr.'hrrn liniinijarv
nf ihrsr M'liliniiril I'rnvinces, ill llir yrar I7li;l. This
m..p IIS it rruiinls Ihr Hay of I'lissaiiiaipinilily, and the
rivers issiiini; inln it, is evideiilli rrrnnrmis itiiil imper-
I'rrl ; so much mi lh.it I will conllilriilly assert thai not
line of the rivers, or llio ishiiiils of tins liav, Wniihj be
kniiwii Willi leitainty from a compariMui ni' the ileline-
iitinn of tlirin in the map, with the natural objects as
ihev exist. Kut tliero is a chariicterlstic of the river
which the cmiipilrr of this map calls the Sainl Croix
not to he misliiken, anil that is a line of boiiiiilnrv trac-
rd alon),' the western side nf the river, anil the jaku nt
the sniirce of the river, and aliiii)( tliii northerly side of
llio hike, to the most iinrtliern part of it, and tliencn in
a north course to a small river, the Saint Barnabas,
emiilying into the Sainl Lawrence, on one side of each
line the country is called New Kngland, and on the
niher Nova Scotia. Now, in the grant of IGil to Sir
William Alexniiilor, the boundary of Nova Scotia is
conliniied from the source of the Saiiilo Croix, as before
ipioteil, by an imaginary diiect line which may be
conceived to go over the land, or run towards the north
10 the nearest bay, river or spring, discharging itself
into the groat river o( Canada. There can be no
doubt then, that the boundary lino thus traced on
Mitchell's map, indicates what was at the time esteem-
ed to be the boundary of Nova Scotia, fiom the mouth
nf the Sainto Croix to the Saint Lawrence ; and this
I bnunilary is the boundary described in Sir William
Alexander's grant. If then, the rivci called Sainto
Croix in Sir William Alexander's grant is the river so
called by the French in IC04, and this river is
ilemonsirably, unless the face of nature be changed, Ihe
Schoodic ; Ihe proof is (lorfect ihni the Schoodic is thj
river intended by the name of Sainto Croix in Mit-
chell's map.

" It is worthy of remark also, that there is a river
marked on tiiis map on the eastern side nf Passama-
qundily bay probably intended for the Magaguadovic,
which it is also probable, in consequence of the falls
so near its mouth, had not then been explored, and so
its size and extent wore not then known.

" Similar considerations might bo applied to prove
that in all the authentic maps published from Ihe time
nf liie original erection of the Province of Nova
Scotia, in 1621, to the peace of 1783, Ihe rivei called
Sainto Croix is intended to be Ihe river originally
designated as the western boundary of that Province,
under tiiat name."

••'II

X.I

Exirart from Ihf lliporl nf Clonrl Hiihunl 7..'
Mwlgf and (i. M . h'eiilhirHli>iih(iiit;h, /.'.■«/i/i)«,
IHiO.

" VVn pomii now I'l «|ii'iik nf llir Imilv cifiirnil),
niiiimi'rri' uiiil iiin lUitlii'li willi lli.i Irnlnl Sliilri,

wlilcli cliri'cu till- mil r Ml wliic li lln' rmr S.iliiir

(/mix IK til Ih' iiIi'MIiIk iI. Kv tlin 'illi ailirli' ii ('i>iiiliii>-
iiiiil \vii« ii|i|Miilili'il, niii«i«tiiin 111' Dili' (.'iiiiiiiii«»iiilirr
iViini iMili iiiiiiilrv, Willi (iiiwcr In cIioiim' » iliinl.
Tlif (lirrn worn III lif mvnin In tli'i iilr, iii runliiiH I"
oviileiirc,

" WIml rivpf in III* rivor SiiiiUo Cmix iiilumled Uy
" Ihu iriiilv ? "

niniiiii liiw nwiimn itiMtlow, \iiw iho »or) ciinti*
iiiiilv iif li* iiiiiiit' >iii>iilil liuvii niiiviiDi'il lliu (liimiiiii-
miiiii'i')! iif llii' iiii|irii|irii'ly nf iIi'vIhIiiik frnrn ilmt liii*.
Hut llio llrilikli ()iiiiiini>aiiini>r WiH iivcrrult'il, ||a
h.iil, III ('iiii|iiiitliiin Willi iliti AiDericuii ('■•imiiiiMiiini'r,
I IniM'ii III) AiiirrirMii ^I'lilU'tiiHM, "|iiin wIhimi irilitlli-
({I'liiu Niiil jiiif|{rily III! ri'lii'ii, I'nr llit lliiril Coinniiaiiiiin-
I'l. 'llim )(i'nllriiiiiii tviia ill I'lirl HI) iiiii|iirii li> liiiiiila
III! ililli'iviiii'ii wliii li iiHulil iirlxi ; Hnil llin Ami'riiuii
I iMiiiMi«MMiirr liiivinif I'liiiiiii'il II •imim ciilliiil Mu^u-
'.^ii.iiliit ir, Ivinu >lill ruilliir III ill* (iHol lliiiii lliii ('Im>|iiiI-

ii.ilil k, III In' till' Iriiu Silllill) Oriiix, lliv Itnliili

( <iiiiiiii'>''ii>iirr ciiMM'iili'ij III H ciiiM|iriHiiiii<', lliv ri'mill i>f
wliirli w.K, lli.il iiIiImmii;|i tlicv liiiiilii u riirri'i I iliTi*ii)n
111 III iIm' iili'iiliiy nl'llii' Siiiiitu Croix, llicv iiriuticiilly
ilri iili'il III Milii|ii till' iiiirili wiurco, ui if il (mil bvmi iho
iiiinl wrilurii iHHirt'u.

" Tln'v wiTi' to fiinii'.li 11 ili'i(Ti|iliiin nf tlii> river, ' " 'I'lml l'""'' K<>nlli'tTKn wrnt mil nniiii liiioiifllicir
ami to |mrliiiil,.i;j!i' llui l.ililu.l.i iiml liiiii;iluilu nf ill. , ''"'Vi "" ITi'Miilinl in llir Ir.'iily nf 17!) I, ii eviilnit ;
inuulli iiiitl «niircu." ! '""' """ '' 'I'l'T'' •'N|ii'iiMi iMiil iiii«iiiiili'riitiiniliiif( wniilil

; li.iv)' lii'i'ii savnl if llii'ir Ui'|inrl Initl Iiitii rmtriili'il lo
"And tliuir iluriition wnn In Ix; " final iind i-miclu- 1: ll"' i'lriitillniliniMif llio river. Tliin will lio »i'..'n liy

liking III lliu iiiii)).

" Thev lind llun two nltjiifli to nrrniiiiili»li, nnu In
iili>ntifv Iho river, llic oIImt In lix llm laliliidi- hmiI
li)n){iliiilv nf il» WMircc. Wr liiivo Hlieaily »lii'Wii ;
Firxl, that tlii' Krant of Nnvii Snitiii in lliil, made llif
wcslHrnirinit walpri* nf llii3 Siiiiilr ('mix h part nf ilH
bimnilary ; .'.(Mnnilly, that llii- lioiiiiiliiry in tlie charier
of JOfH, wan lliiisiit'wriliod: — " Tlit' terrilnry rallid
" Aiadia or NnvH Senna, and all that trael nf land
•' lyinK lielween tli« iiaid terrimrieii of \ovh Seoli.i
" «nd the aiid I'mvinec nf M inc; " iind in anniher
part of the "aid eharter in thcM) terms : — "The lands
" and liereditaiDintM lyin){ and bein^ in the roiinliy or
" territiirv called Acadia or Nova Seotia, and all IIiom-
" lands and hereditumonU lying and extending lie-
" Iween the said cntintry or terrilnry of Nova Scotia,
" and the said river of SaifadiihiH- or any pari therenf."
And thirdly, wo have shown thai the tnniiresit in I7M.'
xdnpled a Report friHn one of their Comniillee.s wimli
declared, " With respect o the Iwiinilaries of ihe
" Slates, lie., MassHi liusettN rlaimi under the charter
" uraiited hy William and Mary, OcImImt, Itiitl :" a
declaration, which, as we have remarked at pai;e 80,
Mr. John Adams, under oath stated lo have receivecl j
(he sanction of tlie American Ph'nitHrtenli»riu.s upon
concliidinu the preliminaries of (N.'ace in nHi. "One
" of the .\mcrican Commissioners," said Mr. Adams,
" at lirat proposed the river Saint John, ns marked on
" Mitchell's map, hut his cnlleuKues observing that ns
" the rivor Sainte Croix was the river mentioned in the
" charter of Massachusetts Hay, they could not justify
" insisting on the Saint Juhn, as an ultimatum, he
" agreed Willi them to adhere to the charier of Massa-
" cliusells Hay." We have thus a rejfular rccoGjnition
of Massachusetts boini; bnun'Ied upon Nova Scotia,
and of the most western waters of the Sninio Cmix
fnrmin); jiart of the boundary of Nova Scotia. Ami
how was the duty ol the Commissioners under the
treaty of 1794 performed ? Uisreftardint; the obvious
propriety uf choosing the most western source of the
river, they fixed upon the north branch ; and this In '
the face of the most extraordinary evidence a)i;ainst
their proceeding. For the Scmideag, (Sclioodic,) :
which is the known Indian name uf the Saintc Croix, \
runs from its most western source to its mouth under
the same name of Scoodeag, whilst its northern
branch, which comes in at the upper fulls, bears the
separate name of Cheputnaticook.

The westernmost sources of the Scoodeag are in n
low Hat lake country, consisting of many lakes running
into each other, and hence the Indian name given lo
that part of the country and tu (he river, fur Scoodeag

"The Saint Jiiliii like nil other liirgn rivers, occiipios
llii> liiwesi level nf the i niiiiliy ihriiUL^h wliuli it llnws,
mid hiiliN its cniirsu tliriiiii;li a viiHv nf cnnsiilenililo
hreadili, which lielnw Mars liill exietiils in a iiuhIiI'iviI
uiatiner, some ilislaiire to the vveslw.inl of the bed of
ilm rivei. The ni'arer u due nnrlh line cnidd bu
lirnii^lit liiliie Saint Jnliii, the belter llie chaiiie was
thai It wnuld run up that valley, whilst the fiirlln-r it
lay III the west, the greater was the certainly nf its
niissini; that valley and nf ils liinro speedily meeting
llie higlilaiids nf ifio country. .And lliis has In pnietici-
proved to bo lliu case ; for the explnralnry nnrlh lino
drawn fmin the inoniimeiil, reached no highliinds until
il came to Mars Hill, whilst if Ihe line hinl starli'd from
ils true point, the wesieriiinnst waters nf ihe S<nii(lea)r,it
wiMild have reiiched the "hiKlilaiiils"abnul twenty tlvo
mih's soiilh nf Mars Hill, near lollio |ininl where thev
separate the Sainte Crnix, (a trihulary nf the Itnnstuc)
froni llie waters nf (ho Meduxnakeag, which How into
the Saint John."

No. 8.

RepnrI of Colon/I Jnneph Bouchelte, Snrvtyor Ge-
nrriil of Lower ■! rutnrfrt, in relation to a Siiri^ey
of part of Ihf frjihi-alorn due north tine from the
Source of tut. Ui.tr Sainte Croix, 1817.

" To the Commissioners appointed to settle the Rounda-
rius between His Kritannic Majesty's Co-
hinles in North America, and the United
States, under the 6th Article uf Ihe Treatv
of (Jhent."

" In pursuance to (he instruclinns received from the
Board of Commissioners, dated Hustun, I tth June, 1817,
ordering John Johnson, esquire, surveyor general on
behalf oi Ihe United Stales, and myself, at surveyor
general apjioinled on behalf of His Britannic Majesty,
to survey that part of ihe boiuxiary line between (ho
dominions of His said Majesty and Ihe United States,
to that point nf highlands lying due north from the
source of the river Sainte Croix, and designated in the
treaty of peace of 1783, between the said two powers,
as the north west ftngle of Nova Scotia ; thence, along
the said highlands which divide those rivers, ll.ot
empty lhemselve.s into Ihe river Saint Lawrence, from
those which fall into the Allantic Ocean to Ihe north
westernmost head of the Connecticut river, thence
along the middle of that river to tlie 45(h degree of north
latitude ;"

r:».n

" t iHciinlliinly |iriiri'nlrr| williniil i!i liiv, In Siiinl
Jiilm, Ni'W Uniinwuk, wliirii I wni j'liniil liy ('iitin i
I'iiimIpIh'II, cHciuiri', nHMihiiil puirvi'ynr, uIik liml, l.y llu"
illiiTliipiit cif llii' liiiinir.ililii U'liril ( lii|iiii,iii, i'm|iiiii', '
lill^ii;;i'cl ihc i li.iiii liiMirr* illlil iiViiiii'ii lor llii' siirvi'y-
inx |mrlt, llin jinni.icHK, nlnnn iiml i ,iir)|i i'i,iil|iiiyi'
Im'iiik il'" iTHHiliil, iiiiil Mr. ,Im|iii»iiii Ihiviii;; iirnvi'il
III! Ilii! :liil. July, wii Wire i'Ii.iIjIc'iI Id m I mit lor I'ri'-
ili'riiliMl, ill iIm' nIi'iiiiiIiiiiiI, nil llir flili., mikI Irnin
llinni'K I'liilliiiH'il ii|i Mill Siiiiil .liiliii III li.:llii|ii\, III ||ii<
Mi>i|iiMiiki'.i^ Crri'k, iIh' jiliH II riM.ll ii|hi|i iiNllii' ii.iihI
roiiligiiiiim mill I iinvi'iiirni I'l.r imr ^nii ml ilrji'it nf
iliiriiK mill |iri>vi<ii>MiH, wliirli wrrn |iul in i liiir);i> nl'
('iipliiili It. Siiiilli, |i">iiliiiK iIm ri<, mill will! ii:;ri'i'il In
rnniiull I'D vvilli ''IK'll jxIlK lIliTCiir, lit \Milllll III.' >Vlllllllll

i'riiin liiiiu III tiMii' ill lliii liiir,

" i)ii llii' Ujtl tlii> luirliiN |iriii' Ii'il liiwiirils ll.o

liiiiniiiiii'iil l>y llir lliiiiliiMi 'I'liwii riiiiil, wliiNl I wiiil
il|i llii* ri'ci'k (villi llm liiili.iiis In i'\|>lnH' llii< s.iiiii',
mill ji<illi'il llin jMiilii'i nil llii' J. Ill, lliii'p i.iili's iiiln llir
wnnils, HI lliry wijiu [i|n;;re»tiiij{ InWiiiiln lliiir |iliu i'
urdviililliilidll. I

" On llin J.'Jili nrri\ ■ il iil llin iniMniliirlil nl lli« «niirci'
nf tliu Sainin ('rni\, iiml I'Niiililitliril nnr i'iiiii|i niiii
rifiiii:; Kmunij iiliuiii ilvi- rhiiins K. S, K. nl' iIim line,

Wllil^t Mr. .Inlinsnil H'li'lli'il lllliillirr liitil.lliuli III Ijiii I

S, W. Ill II, II tlinrl ilikliiinii I'liiin niir>i. .'

" Frnnillii' iCiilitn ilic .')l.»l I wiiNiiiii'iilivrly rni;ii'^('il
in liikiii;; iislmii'Miiinil nl>>i r\ iilinii", iiml iisi riliiiiiui;;

llio viiriiilimi III' llii< in:i;;iirli(' n Iln. Iliivini; riili ii- i

liiii.'il iliu iniiiHit nf I'liliini nvi'i' ilin nii'riili'iii, il iimicil :
tn liu un niiLiViiriilik' iinil iiii|Mn{iiliiiiiH linn' Inr iiIimt-
vatinn. I lliiTcriMu (niirliiili'il In ili'lrniiini' ilii' viiriii-
lion liy llii' I'lmli'm I'lmio.ilinn nf I'nI.iris, ninl rnniiil liy I
sncci'ssivi' Iiij;lils nl' nli'it'rviiliiin, lliii vmiiilinii 111 lir I:)
ili'Hiii'i Hi— I. W,, mill 1,1 ili'irri'is to -.() \V.,\\lii|s|
Mr. .InliliMiii at llii I'iitiiji niaili* llm viirialinn liy
liiiniliir nlis(irvalinii<(, 1:! i|ri;iii's ll'i— \V., iiml |:i,
(Ii');rc't'>i .jli -I) W., liialvili;.; a ililliri'inr lii'hVL'rii liis ^
lalirr nliicrvatinns anil inv nwii ol" !)— ,^H, wlilrli !
lil'li'twarils prnvi'il in lin ii ililHiitni ii in llm Iwn in-.ini-
tnolils iiiily ; lint llir caiisi- frnin wliinni' llni ilillori'nii'
iirosu w IS imt ili'scnviTril until il was iijjri'i'il liy Mr.
Jnliiisiin mill mysi'h' lo lako jniiit a/iniiitli nlisi rva-
(iuns.

"In tlio fnronoon of i)n! ,'Jlsl I wont i|n«n wiih Afr.
■Iiilnisnii, nti(:iiiii|iani(!(l liy tlio n«>>i»laiit Mirvrynrs, In
finiilly uKaminu llio wvi'ial marks ami IiI.ixpm nn ami
uliDilt lliu olil Itiiinnnii'iit, wliirli wc fn ml an fnllnWA,
liiiiiii'ly : II ci'iliir >lnko at tlio licail nf a sniall slrrain
markoil S. 'r. xviii. ». t. .soiilli live fi'i'l two imlics
from wliirli is a ycllnw liircli Ireo, alinnl ri'^lil inclii'.s
in (liiiinclcr, Iriining tn llio cast, lnin|i('i| willi imn, tin"
cnsU'rlv part of llif tn|i is cut nil', niiil snini- nllirr nlil
marks, Imt no ilislinit lullors ; at the foul nf saiil liirrli
lies n collar In^ in a N. K. ami S. \V. iliri'ctinn, liow-
oil on tlio S. v.. si(li",nnil markcil 1797, SU.VANrS
S.WVYKIl ; nine foot snntli nf sniil liircli is n lir
blaaeil ; 10 foot S. Hi ijoijrnos K. of liiicli is n lilark
nsli lilazeil ; Hi foot N. 10 (loijrocs W. nf liinli, is nn
old collar lilazoil, which has fallon dnwn ; 13 fool two
inches north of hirch is n tir Iroo, marked I.Y. 1797.
Novcmher 23lli, 18 feet north of birch is n fir sliih,
marked I. C. ; nt 20 foot 10 inches north 10 dej;roi's
cast from the birch tree is a black nsli tree marked K.
M. 1797 ; 10 feet cast of which is a .sprnco Ireo mark-
ed T.T. November 25th 1797 ; near which is n cedar
spotted ; nbout l<t feet oast nf said birch is a cedar
lying down, on which is marked Joseph HIackby No-
vember 25th. Hy an examination of the number of
strata grown on ttio t cossinco tho above said marks, it
appears they were marked in 1797. In the afternoon nf
the same day, and in tho presence of the assistant sur-

\oyor)i,i li.iiii hi'urir'iiiml maily llio wlinlonl linlh parlim,
Wo rrorlril a now iii'iiiiiiiiniil, nr iidiir pnul, wlinru
llio old nliiko Klniiil, III iliroi linii of iho Imi', near llin
Vi'lliW Inn h lioi , III' I .' li'Ol I'lnu, iiml >i ilii lios mpiiiri',
liowoil, Iiml llii' fnllnwiiii; in'>i ri|>liiiiii liiai kill lliomin ;
\rA. Now llri|h»Wli k, Jlllv ;ll«l, INI7, III Olio llllo,iit|

Il m.1 Mill', Cnl. Jm«. Ilniiiliotio, II. I). M. St KV.

lil'.N. J nil llio iinrili niilo, ill iiiio lino Viir : 1.1 iJoKrooi*
'il- i \V., bv lino inilriiiiu III, mill | I ili'uroot W,
liv ihi'iiiliir. I'liiiid Siiitm Jiilv ilUi, l.HI7,iii(inu

III I llio wontNldo ; aiiil.lllllN Jl)ll.\SI).\, I', H.

St llVKVOll and S. (il'.N. V. 'I' I,i' mmiiIi miIo

III olio lino ; mill nil I aril niilu llioionf wore |iliii'oil
liir)(o rni kt, iiliniil JO iiiijii <i iliiiiiii iiT, nil wliii il wan
illMlilloil N. II. .Ilily ;l|'.l, |MI7,.I, II. nil Ihli Olli'loril

Illlil ; mill V. S, July .liti, |sn, J, J, on [\,q woituiu
:.iilo, till' wlmlu kurruiuiilud by lioaps uf ttuliui,

" On llio \\i day of .\iii.'M'.|, Mr. .Iiilinsnii mnl I met
lit iii> I iiiii{i, by iip|iniiiiiiii'iii, In liiki' ii/iiiiiiili iili«iirvii-
linn-' I'nr llio liiiiil Jiljiiiliiionl nl' llio Miiinlinii ; ami niiiu
«ol.<i nf onrro .|iiiiiiliiii; .illiliiilos li.i\iii)( lii'in lakon with
ou'ry pns»ilili' ili'','rii' of euro ami an iiriny nn niir pari,
hy a I'liirocl nml Will urniliiiilotl llioiiilii|ilo,HH iiiiislriict-
oil by llrinviiiiii.{ ami Kiisl, l.nmlnii, nf * j inilios ilia-
liiolor, tho iioiiiiis slmwiiiy id.., Willi M'llirul arc miil
ioli"<ciipi', Wo f iiiml llio viiiialiiiii In lio |;J ilogroos .'ilni.
.is., liy my iiislriiiiioiil, ami I I ili');roi's bv tho mhiIIi
oiiil nf llio iioiillo nf lliiil nf Mr. JnliliMiii's, ihii fnriiior
ngroi iiii; with llio liioini nf Ihu nliMTViiliniis nf ihu
o.islrrn olnn!;iilinn of I'nI.iris ; ||io Viiriatinii nf llio
lii,i;;iiii|io iiooillo Wat in cnriliiinly ililoriniliod In bo IJ
ili'Hroos ,'ilin, .N.W.iHiiil at llio roipiostnf .Mr. JnliiiMill,
It ili'ijiri's was illlil iiivi iibiil on tlio liiMimliiry piwi.—
Till' lino w.is iiiiiiioiliiiloly iloparlod I'nr llio piirpnso of
oiiijilny 111^ llio iiion nf oaoli P'lrly in nitlinir ilnwn ihu
iroos, ami oloarinn llio saiiiu ; il was also prnlniinoil
siiiiio liiiliiiion llio noM day. On llio till wo ooin-
niomoil llio iirtiiiil Mirvoy, nml ilopnrloil llio nioriilialii'l
lino Willi Diillnml's iinpinvod lliioilnlilo, with \orlionl
aro nml Inlosonpo, ami by .tliill's ami pliinnnels ; Mr.
Caiiipbol!' lirriiiiiliToiilor Was nisn pl.itoil iipnn tho
lino, mil " 10 liioininso by llio iiooillo, \. Id ilojjrces
5lni. i'. Ii., tho cniirso agnod upon, and N. M
K. by llinl nf Cnliiiiol Tiiriior's ; wc Ihoii ox-
loniloil llie linn tn llio nne and a half iiiilo riilu'o, open-
in;; llio Naiiii) Hi fi ot in width, and planliiiir pi).<<is ur
■ilnno bniimliirios nl llio ilisl.inco nf ovorv inilo, marking
llio iiiiinlior of niilos Ihoronn, with N. II,, J. |i. un
llio ea.'>t side, nml t.'. S,, J. J, on llio west,

" And in confirmily to the scooiid nrliolo of onr
inslrnolions, wo ^avo up llic rb 'rgo nf the pornianent
lino lo llio Iwn .\ssif!iint Surveyors, with such dircc-
limis ami iiislruiliims as woro deemed iieoossary for
llioir ijiiiilmioo ; linn wont to lloiillon Town lo mako
ibo previous arraiigoinonls for the exploring survey,
leaving my thooilnlilo in oliargo of Mr. Canipbell, 'ti>
oiinblo him and Col. Turner tn continue the lino until
ihoy were provided with nnolhir.

'' From Park's field, a fine elcvntcd situation, and
from which the country can bo viewed to advantage,
Mr. Johnson and 1 ngreod to take nzimuth observa-
tions, and the bearings nf tho principal range uf high-
lands oxtemling from Mars Hill to the Calalidin moun-
tain, tho general course of which is N. N. E. and S.
S. W. and highly conspicuous, for its height, and di-
versity of np|)earanoo, the land descending by gradual
ridges and slopes towards tho Ilonllon Town scttle-
menls, and producing altogelhurn lively and truly pic-
turesque scenery : on the 18lh wo entered the woods,
i and commenced nn the exploring lino from tho 4tli
mile post ; divided tho parlies iind prcK'eeded un after
passing Ilonllon Town, doscended for some lime in
low swampy land, but ascended as wo appronche<l the
banks uf Meduxnckeag creek, which uro high and

[36]

iilc«|) wliiTi- llio line- inlorsi'tis It; lliis river is ex- i iciiir.sr dl'die liiir, on a liciiriiij; asliDnoiiiiciilli- X. 51 '
ticiiii'lv rroiijicil, iiiiil ill iiiiiiiy |iiiu(s very r.ipiil mid , \V. -l cliiiiiis In llm (ircal \Vii(;iiii.sis, or lii>l liiaiicli of

klinlliiw, ciinliiiiiMi^ niiiDrrii

i.r > t\vi> liraiic

Tlin

il (liv iilts ilsi'll ilio Wiilfis ciC iliu lli»|i;nuitli' wliero \vu uiulutl llio

nil

ll'S I'ilsl iif lliu li

wliiili |il.ici: lIuTi' i\;v r.ill , iif 1 1 Ici'l !) incLi's in lici';li(
mill II |iiirliii:i' nl" sivtv rmls : tin- silili'imnts on tliis

r.\|iIonii^ suivi')',

rivor, tliiit CDiiiioct with llios" on

llii' II

niliiin mail, a i'

iiliinil -IJ miles lip llif liviT I'loiii llii' liiir ; iVoiii lliciiCi;

!llL> I

ri-'Mju

rivur I'm'

H'liiTiilh' n»iriiils

grailiiiilly i.nlil yon
com is i'i)n>.|iiiiioii-.

ii|>|>roai'li l!i>' liter

iIm'II

till

linil

fi'oiii lliu .siiiniiiit of till' liaiik, I
iI'IIk

Ml o|i|)iirliinily ol' vicwil.'j; llir Tier ol'lln' roiiip|i\

roin llm top o| a lici', anil iIim:oioiimI ,>lars ilil:, lii'i.r

I Ma

All wliitli is iL'spt'clfully submillcil,

' JOH. UoLCHKTTn,

"Ills !5rilnnnic Mnjpdiy's .Snrvovor

(ii'iitriil, miller lln- TjiIi ArtiVlo

of lliu Treaty of Cilieiil,

111; ;ilii)iil N

M ill',
llir S. \V,

rces

iuiil a riiuu'' I

' Iiiiii;ii!:lon, 21sl !\i',iv, 1813/

Ml;

Willi otil,'

li,'r lii-l.i

.slrelclniln In llii .■. .i. umi ...u,i u.j,... i, i.i.
(listatil Dliji'it-. ill llie rear ; iVoih ;!'e Presi|u'lsle,
is lioiniileil liy lii^li liaiik
IkiI o.
Ill

liiiiie

■ 1.

nil
lianlis, llie lain! rises coiisiileialilt
klllll

.\o. il.

Ill o, appi'o.ii li'li,:; Mars I Ml, von deseenil into a kiiiil

r vail y, nnlll yon a}.Miii asreiid hi llio river (Joose- /.V/»<»7 f/ fyillhnii t'\ (hlcll, Ksqriin, Siirvri/nr

aiek ; llieii a inosi ednspiriiniis ascent pre'enls itself ':/ ^''i'' Urini.ff' .i,., ii/iil (lu llir part of His

L-lweeli tills anil river des Cliiiles, wliieli seems In an- Urili.'iiiiic ,>i,//c,s'.'/, /';| nfiilioii In a survilf of Iht

lielweeli tins am

I'l'ar lis if II was eonneeled willi M.ir

' ■■ at tlie river lies t'liwles

I oiilv iles''eiids

anil loiik an

i'i:is III an
lii<;ldaiids,
where wc
traiisil of I

rrsiiltu of llic i:i iiliinilori/ ihic north Hit' fruiu the
source ofllic Hirer Snin'lc ''.-oix, IHIS.

t'neiiinpeii and lonk an oliservatlon n. tin- n.iu.^n m i ,,- ,

Jaris over the nieridiaii and found llie varlalion to lie II 1 " ('r, Salnrday llie IMi July, ISIH, I met Mr.
ilei;rees l.nn. W. From llie soinl em bank (d'lliis rivf, •lolinsoi', llie Surveyor o'l llie pari of llie Unileil Stales
1 liad af;aln an opportinilty of rlinilpliiij a tree, from ,ie i "' iMadawaska, from w.iieli place, as soon as llie ne,
.f whiidi 1 hn.k a view of the lace of ihe coiiiilry, [ eeFsaryananuenienls eonlil he completed, we proceed-

lop (

discovered a coiispiciions riil:,'e of hi^Idaiids, siretcliiii;;
ill the dire-lion of a'loiil N. N. W. and .S. ,S. K. ■ ,ip.
posed dislanre eii;lit or nine n.iles ; look the lii'ariii;,'
of the points thereof; fioni wliiiii ililiji: we iicUially
iiseeiided ; and afterwards the land dcseeiiiled, hy gra-
dual slopes, owards the river Areslook, where we
rpeamped on a dell:,'htfMl irleliil, nearly eonneeled with
another, which I proposed to Mr. .lolinson shmild iie
called (^ommissioiwrs' 'sj.inds ; nl this p'aie wo look
iiziiniidi ohservalinns, and llie transit of Polaris over
the ineridinii, di'lerniined the varialion !o he !5dei>rees
20 W. on the I Ith Septenilier. !' .iwccn this riverand
ihe river Saint .lolin, in llie direclion of the line, the
land is extremely hlidi, and more conspieuo isly so,
between iiie (iOih and 7 llli mile, which I consider lo
be III.. Great Fall ridsie, and like most of the ridijes
we have intersected, directs its coiirsn towards ihi! .S.
S. \V. Inler.sec, 1 the river Saitit John on the 'i;3r,

Septe'nhcr at the lilstaiicc of 77 miles _

10 links, then went ilo>vn I' the (Ircat Fall with our
respective |)arlies ; the i..en, as well as ourselves, were
cxhaesleil by fallgiie, and Were glad to have an o))por-
tunity urrecrniliiijr.

I'll lip the Grand liver, a branch of the river Saint
.lobii, lo a p irta^o leadlni;- tr the \Va<;ansis. anil iheiico
hy the Indian Palli lo the !l!)||i mile tree marked hist
year, where we arrived with the provisions and haij-
iraire on RJonday Itie 'jnih. 'J'he ground here being
swampy and iiniil for idiscrvulioiis, Mr. Jolmson pn"
posed lo roiiiinne ihe line to toe Risligoiidie, and tlieru
aseeil.Mn I emagnelie varialion. 'I'liis wasaccordinglv
•inreed lo and ilie line was continued on a course norlli
|l! - 'Mhu. oast by nmgnct lotlial river, a distance of a
little irore than two miles and a half ; liero, bv a mean
of the oliservatiors trade by me, the magnetic varia-
lion was found lo iie l(i = 19m. 5Gs.,and by iMr. Johnson
10 = 20m. west. The instrument for running the lino
(a circiimferenlcr bidnnging lo Mr. Johnson) was
therefore fixed agreeably to Ibis varialion, and tbo ex-
ploring tin" commenced on a course north 10 ~ 20
nil on me ^.jr.i fix^ by llin Magnet. From the OOth mile tree lo llie
2.1 chains and ! !|(.sii_uoiiclie, Ihe land, with the exce|ilion of a few iii-
'' " •■•' I signil"ic..in rises near the river, is low, flat and swanipv,

I and chiefly covered with .spruce and cedar.

" The river Uestigoiicbo was intersected bv the linn
I about two miles below Iho mouth of the \Vagansis,
which place il is 80 links wide, and is navigable lor
loaded canoes, its eotirse down stream, is noilherly for
a short ilislance, and afterwards nearly north east.
From Ihe nioulli of the Wagans's, > .e course of the
ItesllgoucI.e, no stream, is lior'Ii-westerly, and fiomil.i
size, depth of water and current, its .s-;irci r. must bo
»,....^:.i»,..i.i.r .i;^: ,,|(_

" On the 30ih we ec;ain proceeded on the lino with
twenty days provisions, foni the river Saint John, after
liaving ascended its b;o:ks, and until we reached the PI si
mile, the ascents and descents were not nmteriallv con-
spicuous, but We went over several pine ridges, and
tlirough several swamps; fioin the 91st mile ihe land sii-.i-, iii-|mo k.: Han.
jrenerallv ascended uiilil v.e intersected a large stream, I considerably disi.n
which we at first look to he the Grand river, bill |

])roved afterwards lo be '.lie ri'er which eniptii s ilself ) - . _ .^.,..^.,u, .it

elose lo the (Ileal Tails nn the river Saint John ; : wn met with a stream, which was supposed by some
from that river the Imd gener.iliy ascends lo the Uis- ' Frene!^ >>ien, i\le ■ . . .

ligoiiehe Portage, which we inle;.sected at 07 miles, v.l
02 dial

At thedistance of about 12miles froinUeistigouehc

ns and 80 links. This poilago leads from the

, ., employed as labourers, to bo

liat is called the Petite Foiiicbe, or Little Fork cif iho
llestigouche. This is a very cleai str";;,!!, about livo

•^^ \. 1 1 II 1 11,7 .lull \j\j liiiiv:.. M ill... jmi tii^t. iifiiLT iMMIt MIL -- rt ■- — ' -• j -....•■ ".. ...n, tiuwiji i|,u

little Wagansis, on the Grand river, to the Great , feet deep where lliu lino crosses it, r.nd one chain its

Wagansis on the soulli b-an-!-. of ibo Uistiginicbe , it l width, and froni its appearance, Woidd bo easily navi-

is exlremely crooked, six miles in length, and its gene- ! galdo for canoes, but it is staled by the biinters ,^ 'jg

ral course is N. N. K. and S. S. \V. but where it ivas | full of rapids, which render llio pa.ssage wi !i boats im-

intcrsecled by the lino it bore S.!}0° K. This part i practicable. The course of this stream is from north

of the country is ccmspiciiously high, and is the summit , west to soiilb east, and from its size anil quanlily of

of a range ol higlilaii 's, wliidi slretches towards the ; water, it must take its rise considerably lo tlic westward

S. W. and anotlii'r branch seems to delacli ilself at no of the line,
considerable disl.nice to the west, in a N. W. direction :

considerable disl.nice to the west, in a N. W. direction :
the descent at the Wagansis, is steep, and .soineliines

descending alterniilely by gradual and sleep ridges i; -. . ilxmhuo ^i-nm n. iiiiiut.T, wnicr on

dislince of IJ chains ; at 00 miles deviated from the j the tops of llie hills is chielly birch and iniiuio with (.ume

" The land between the Restigmiclie and Ibis stream
s covered with a luxuriant growth o.'timber, which on

L- ]

lisll ; iilioiit two mill's siiiilli (if (lie Pcliti- Kniinlii', iti a '
tract of iiiKtnniniiiii liiii: iiMplu land, wo riMiiiil marks'
(if lliu trt'i's liaviim iiicn la|)|ii'(l fur ihi" |iiir|i(iM! ii( mak-
ing sugar: at tlie "fliti' t'oiinlie (jjc variation was
found III liavo incrcasuil, ami tlu; instrumunl was sut to
16 (k-gruos, la'. I

" About six miles nr.rlli of tlio Poiite Fnurtlic i>
aniitluT slrt'am aliout fifiy links in wh'iIi, ninniin; east-
erly ; lliu a{>|i('.irani'u of (liu laiul in this dista, • u mutli
tlio sumu as buforu duscribcd. I

" Aboi.i ten milt's iiorlli of ibis last innnlionnil sircain,
wo came to the (irarulu FoinL:hi' i r l.ar','!' K.irk ;if the
Kcsligonclie, tlio largest braiic.b of that river ; this
stream is two chains wide, easily navigalili; fur loadeil ;
canoos, from (be lein|ierature anil softness of the waters j
8ccins to come out of a lake, and it is so ripurted by the ;
hunters, that whatever be the source, it iniisl, from the
eIzo and a|i|iearanee of the stream, be far to the west-!
ward. A branch comes into thi:4 stream about two or
three miles above where the lino crosses il. The (ge-
neral course of the Granile Fourcbe is south easlwaid-f I
ly to its junction with the Restigoucbe. 'I'lie vnrialioli ' (
here was settled at 17 ilegrees, 2iin. 3()s., and the in- f
strumenl set accordingly.

" By inspection of the map accompanying this Report,
it ,vill appear that the whole tract passed over liy the
lino from the Uesligoiii be to the (iratide Fourchc, is
broken into ridges by small slreaiis and deep ravines,
the banks of which are in sieneral very sleep ; these
ridges, however, appear lo he only ranges of land di-
viding the several branches of the Restigoucbe from
each other, and extending generally in the ilireclion of
those branches, but with such variations in liieir shape
and figure as are oceasinned by ihe sum'I streams with
wbicli Ibcy are intersected.

" The general face of the country may he considered
il increasing moderately, in elevation from the Restigou-
.le norlinvaril, to within iwo or three miles of the
Grande Fourche, and then descending very rapidly lo
that stream. It is well '.voodcil with a luxuriant
growth of tall trifty timber, a mixture of hardwood, fir
and spruce with some pines. The mountain ash is
abundant, and there are a very few wild cherry trees.
Contrary however to wdiat is usually met with, the soft
woods grows mostly in the valleys, and llic hard wood
on the tops of the hills. The greater part of this ex-
tent appears lo be excellent farming Kind. The river
Kcsligoucho from where the line intersects il, down
stream, is copied from a map its general course how-
ever, so far as I can judge, from the hearings and ob-
servations taken in a canoe as we returned from our
camp on the Giando Fourcbe to the Wagausis, is cor-
rect ; and .roin the oslimaled distances from wliere the
line intersects the Grande Fourcbe loihe nioiilh of that
stream, and thence up the Resligouche to liie Wagansis,
nnd from the appearance of the carrent in bolb llicse
streams, I .in of opinion that there is noi much, if any,
diirercnc'j in the level of the water at these Iwo pl.iccs.
Immediately after crossing Ihe Granile Fourcbe. ibo
ground rises very steeply for about three quarleis of a
mile, and very modoralely for a (|unrter of a mile mote,
funning a bigli bank lo Ihe river, and pursuing appa-
rently the same cour.se with the stream, anil has t!io ap-
pearance of being the highest point intersected by the
line run thi^ year ; it then descends, moderately, all the
way to the Heaver river, hereafler mentioned ; Ihe
surface, however, diversilied into bill and dale like the
rest, by the ravines and small streams widi which it is
i'>tersected ; but the ravines art. not si, deep, nor the
ban!:s of the streams so sleep as those to the soulhwar.l
of the Grande Fourcbe; this tract also is well wootletl
with a tall luxuriant growth of limber, chiedy fir and
spruce, with u mi.vturc uf bard wood and sumb [lino.

The pine however is mostly found near the l/oriler.s
of the (irandf Fourcbe. I alsi' met with some of llio
largest cedars liiut 1 have ever s.en.

" On Ihe JntI September we arrived at a klroain
fifteen miles aial a half north of ibe Grande Fuurche,
rill iiiiig III the ,'estwartl, lo which we gave ihe iiamu
of Hi .v.'r river ; on the bonlirs of this stream, wlieio
the line inlfrsccletl it, is a pit to of low wiltl iiieailow,
wiiicli was then oveiilmved in iiuisetjiMiii e of a liain
math' by the beavers, which iiail fornitt! a large piuiil,
a'..ove wliicb aie two snaller poiiiis, mil inniictliately
below !hi' tiain the slreani is i'luiiit two rmls wide, ll.o
Wilier tpiick and clear; al a >';' rt tii.slijnce fioiii the
stream on both sides, the ;;rouiid rises liioileratidy, but
the tdevatioii is very small, and there is no appcuaiicu
of highlands.

" This being the first slrc.Tin of any conseijiience that
we had met with running lo Ihe weslwarti, ! agieet'
with Mr. .lolinson to ball and examine it. I act-ord-
in:;ly sent a party up stream, who i('|)orttil tliat ibey
lad pursued il liehvc :i two and Ibrco miles, and liati
foiiiid it generally from twenty to tiiirty feet wiile, anti
from six to t ,!iteeii inches tieep, w ilb a number of
old Reaver ihiius, Ihe current gradual, antI the genual
course from the so'ilh-casi to the norlh-wesl. The
next tlav I si nt Mr. (Campbell (my assistant) witii ono
of Mr. Johnson's party and some labourers lo explore
the stream ilownwartis, remaining myself at tiie camp
to make sonic observations for ascertaining Ibi magnetic
variation; and I beg leave to rider for particulars to
.Mr. Campbell's Report, which is hereto annexed.

" \ party was also sent northward in the direction of
the line, who reporttMl that at the distance of about
tiirco miles, Ibey bail fallen in with another stream
running eastward, whit li wo siipposeil was tho
Metapetliac, a branch of the Resligouche, but from
Information which I have obtained, since my return, I
am induced to think it is a luancb calletl by the Indians
I'edaiviguac, which ciii|iies into the Resligouclio
considerable above the Metapediac.

" It appearing by the Report of the exploring parly,
that llic Reaver river must cominunicalo with the Saint
Lawrence, Mr. Joinison and myself consitlered our
insirut'lions so far fullilled, and agreetl lo return. For
more particulars of all this sei vice, I beg leave to refer
lo tie field book, anil to iI.d journal wliith was kept of
our ilaily operations.

" On the ISib September tho party reached the river
Saint .lohn and proccetled .o Mars Hill, where lho»
arrived on the 28th anil were oinp.'oyetl until the 3r.
October in clearing away the wootl on the stiutb peak,
in order to get a view of the surrounding country, tho
•same thing was tlone by Mr. Johnson's par'/ on a part
of Ihe nortli peak, looking to the south-west,

" The north peak was fi)imd, by n survey in.ide by
Mr. Ilazen, to be ahoct six miles, in a westerly direc-
tion, from tile mouth of Ihe river ties Chu'js (a small
iirantb of the Saint John) from which place tho
general surface of the grounti ri.ses moderately for about
five miles, nnti steeply for tho rest of the way lo the
top of the peak, which is distant, by nieasiircment, on
a ''lie we.it course, one mile and six chains from l'
exploring line run last year, and fifteen chains and
seventy-six links, south of the forty-second mile tree.

" The south peak is distant by calculation, flora tho
north peak, one mile seventy-five chains and twcnly-
five links, on a course .south 20 degrees 57 minutes
west, bv majinil, ami exceeds it, in height, iipwartis
of one hundred feet. IJetween the north and south
peak, is aujlbcr peak lower than either.

I I

[38]

• In a soulli-wpslwiirdlytlirecliiin froinMiirsIlilljiinil
nlioiit sixly miles disliiiit,' is u riingo of very higli ntul
ii|i|iiiiiMilly liiild mcMinliiiiis, rxlcnding In u wt'slcrly
liiri'ctioii,' (idled liy Mr. JdIiiiskii, " llio Spf ncer Ij
Momiliiins ; " mid t'omiortnl wiili tln'M' mid oxlcnilini; 'j
t-Dilivl t.) l!in nurlli-wesl, iirc n nuinlicr of liigli mid |
poiis|iiriniiis iiill-i, ;dl coniiccti'd liy Inwcr rmijjtsiifj
liiiici ; ii.id ill a dircrtinii a lillle siuilliward iifllio lino j!
of view lV.)in Mars Hill t(i llio Sliciircr Moiililains, is
u'li'tlii'r liigli niDimlHiii, el a cunical slia|ie, diblaiil
nliiiiit fiirly liiilos rrtiiii Mars Hill, suppostd to be
Calluiii n, 'and a|ipaic'nlly ciiiin'cled with Mars Hill
and ll' ■ S|'ciia-rMi>imtaiiis, liy ridges wliitl: I'aiiinil be i,
|iarl'.-ularlv descriiied, llie griiiiid ill lliat (piarlor being '
in ovorv direiliDii, all liiL;li, bhiken land, but viewed
rrinn Mars Hill a|i:ieuriiii; to risi^ generally fnmi llie
I'mU of lli.it bill, towards llio Catliu.liii Mountuin uiid '
Spencer .Mountains. .;

" On tbe liiirlb-casl side nl'tlie river Saint .lolin, tlie
land appears bigli, mid broken inio bills and ridges, j
.slretcliiii^ in all direeiioiis wilbmit regularity, and in
v'le soiitli rn qnailer there appears some very liigli
ja.id, wbicli seems to sirelili round lo llie east, but .so
distant tliat its direction oould not be clearly ascer-
tained.

" In llie duo norlli dlrectiim llioro anpeiirs lo be less
li.eipialitv ill tlio face of tliu country tbaii in any
otlier.

" Tim timber upon tbe iiortli and soutli praks of Mars
Hill is principallv lianlwooil, wliidi nt the fool of tin-
bill is a very lliril'iy "i-ow.li, but lessening in lieig'it
verv coiispicuouslv wards tlic top, and on llio summit
is very sliort, with low spreading branches. J

" On my return frim Mars Hill liiimcwaril, I balled
tlio Jiarty on tliu Hlb Octobor at the mouth of Moiluc-
tisiiiicick river, and procccdod with .Mr. Camplu II
and two or tlireo labourers Ij Parks, near tbe Houl-
tim seltlemeiit. Looking westward from Ibis place,
v.liicli i< itself considerably elevated and is easily seen
fiom the top of Mars Hill, tbcro appear.s a continued
range of highland, llio view of which is lorminateil on
oiii; side by .Mars Hill, and on tlio other by the Spen-
cer Mountains ; and in ibis range there is a number
o( consi'ieuous bills, among some of which as ! wa.s
infjrmed by Parks, there is reason to siippo.se dnit llio
llestook river takes its rise. Parks' inforina;ion
was '• ; eed partly from Indians ami hunters, nn.l
partly from tbe fog which he bad often observed
rising among tbeso bills. Tlin mountain which wo
liavo called " Spencer Mountain" was considered by
Parks to bo tlin Catbadin, and he pointed out some
liills lying a litllo norlli-cast of this mountain, among
which be saiil it is generally re|)ortod by hunters and
others, that one branch of the Ponobicol takes its rise.

" AH ivhich is most respectfully submitted,

" \\ ILLIA.M F, OdELL,

" Survci/nr on the pari of

J lis Brilunnk Majcsli/.

" To the Commissioners appointed
under the .'ilh Article of Ibo
Treaty of Ghent, &c. &c. &c."

No. 10.

ICrti'ncln from the Trniti/ biluwen Her Majesty
unit llie. I'liiled States of America, signed at
Washington, August '.Hh, 1812.

" Wheiens certain portions oi Iho lino of boundary
belween Ibo Hrilivb dominions in North America iiiiil
the I'niled Stales of .Vmerica, dcscribcil in the second
article of the Treaty of Poaco of HHJ, have not yot
been ascertained and determined, nolwillmlaniliiig iho
re]iealed atlompls which have been liorotoloro made for
that purpose ; .\nd whereas it is now Ihonght lo be for
llio inierest of bolli parties that, avoiding further dis-
cussion of their respective rights, arising in this respect
nndor the saiil tro.ily, they should agree on a conven-
tional liiiu in said portions of the said boundary, sncli
as mav be convenient to both parties, with such e(|iii-
valonis and com[ien:>ations, as iiru doomed Just and rcu-
sonablu.

" .\rticIo 1st. — It is hereby agreed andileclared, that
llie lino of boundary shall bo as follows : beginning at
the monument at llic source of the river Saiiitu Croix,
as designaled mid agreed lo by the Commissioners un-
der the lil'ili article of thiMrealy of pcacoof 1701,betwucn
the governments of Croat Britain and the United Slates ;
tlienci; noiih following the exploring line inn and mar-
ked by the surveyors of llio two governmonti in tlio
yoars'l817 and ISlS, under tlio fifth aitic e jf tho
irealy of Ulitnl, to its intersection with the r' ' er Saint
.lolin, atal to the miihlleoflho channel tborco;' ; thence
up llie middle of the main channel of the said river
I Saint Joliii, to the mouth of the river Saint Francis ;
{ ihonce up the iniddle of the chminel of the said river
' Saint Francis, and of the lakes throiigli which it flows,
I f ) the outlet of the lake Pohenagamook ; tlicnco south
I westerly, in a straight line to a point on the north west
I branch of the river Saint Jidiii, which point .shall bo
Ion miles distant from the main branch uf the Saint
.lohii, in a straight line and ii< tho nearest direction;
, but if tho said point shall be found to he less than seven
! miles from the nearest point of the summit or crest of
j the highlands that divide those rivers which empty
! themselves into llio river Saint Lawrence from tlioso
'j which tall into the river Saint John, then the said
i point shall be made to recede down the north west
liranch of the river Saint John, lo a point, seven Tniles
J in a slraiuht line from the said summit or crest ; th>>-ice
J in a straight line, in a course aboi south eight degrees
t west, to the point where the parallel of latitude of 46
|! degrees 2.)m. north, intersects the south west branch of
:| tho Saint John's ; thence southerly by the said branch,
I lo tho source thereof in the highlands at tho Metjar-

I melte i'orlage ; thence down along the said highlands
which o'vi le tho waters, which empty themselves into
the river Saint Lawrence, from those which fill into

! the Ailani c Ocean, to the head of Hall's Stream ;
!' thence down the middle of »nid stream, till (he line

II ii.oi run int.'rsects the old line of boundary surveyed
I and marked oy Valentino and Collins previously to the
ilyear 1*71, a? the -10111 degree of north latitude, and
I which has beci known and understood to bo the line

of actual divisian between the States of New York and
Vermont on one side, and the British Province of Ca-
nada on the other ; and from the said point of intersec-
tion wesi along the said dividing line, as heretofore
known and undcrstuod, to tho Iroquois or Saint Law-
-enco river."

[39]

No. 11.
I niSTiaoucHE river.

Seigniory ofCloridon.

TITLE.

" Pai Acte do Foi et Ilnmmage rendu lo 3mo Juin,
1736, par Jean Clawle Loud, m\ noin d'Anne Morin,
80II 6|)uusc, vcuvo do Hene d^Eneauol nu iiom dii Ca-
pitamo Ri'iii d'' Kneau, sun fils, pour lo tlef <l'Kiicaii, il
paraJt qu'il exiiiba une ordonnance do Mr. de Cham-
pigny, inlondani, du 28ino. Mars, 1C91, annex6o a
uno requdtc, t'aito par feu le dit Siour d^lCneau, oxpo-
sant quo ses litres lui avaient 6t«! cnluve»i (inr los An-
glais, et domnn:!uiit d'etre maintenu diins sa possession
lie la riviero R\ .ligouche, avec liuil lieuos du (crrc de
front sur pareille prot'ondcur, le long do la di(o riviere,
et les isles ot battures qui so trouvcront dcvant la
dito (tomlue, avec droit du clinsso, peclie, etc. La
susdile ordonnance accordant lo contcnu du cettc re-
quite, saufsculoinent los up|iasitiiins quo pourri. fiiire
Mr. de Fronaac, Sei)?neur do Miramichi. Do plus,
un accord entro Ics lieritiers du dit feu Siour Jidni
d'Eneau ot iMr. dc Fronsae, par lequel Cloridon fut
born6 comme suit, savoir, commenfant u fimlree de
a rioiire au Porcepic qui tomhe dans celte de Risti-
gouclic, en moniant la dite riviere Ristigouche ; et
que lea rumba de vent des terrea du dit Sieur d'Encau
aoient n'orteal et aud-onest pour la profondeur, con-
form6ment d ceux du dit Sieur de Froiisar, et ;i I'e-
gard du front ou largour, sud-est et nord-uuest."

( Ttis. Con. Sup. letter D, folio 53. )

This tract was purchased about the year 17S4 by
Messrs. Jeremiab, McCarthy and Angus McDoneii
from the Heirs E'dneau, but government having in the
year 1780, by an agroem'"". with tho Micmac Tribe of
Indians, limited their hunting grounds to the first ra-
pids in tho river Ristigouche, about two Ic'tgues above
the liiverauxLoupsMarins, and having besides granted
on the remainder various occupation certificates to
disbandeil troops and refugee loyalists, it was taken
back by the C'own, in 1787, by droit de retrail.

:l\....- Copy.)

(Signed,) Thomas Parbr,

Surveyor General.

Survoyo' iTt:;.eri'I's Office,
kingsloii, 'm\ May, ISil.

No. 12.

■Mtrurtions from Lieutenant Governor Hope
) John Cnllins, Eaifuire, respecting the surveys
and aettkmints in the Bay of Chaleurs.

Quebec, Slsf May, 1786.

Sis, — In order to obtain more full and perfect infor-
mation on subjects of material importance to (he tran-
quility of many of His Majesty's subjects, and with the
view also to secure their welfare, as well as the ad-

vantage and prosperity of the fisheries in that quarter,
by tho establishment of just and suitable local regula-
tions. In concurrence with tho opinion of His Ma-
jesly'L council of tliis Province to whose deliberations
1 have submitted several papers on the subject ; I am
now to direct that for the better attainment of these
purposes you do, with all convenient despatch, proceed
lo llie May of Chaleurs, there lo carry into Lllect the
follow, .g ohjucis of my instructions :

You will in the first place mako an exact survey of
all hinds imw bold in possession by Acadians, Cana-
dians, and Europeans in the Ut.y, distinguisliing who-
llinr with or without grants or other written titles, anil
ascertaining llii; number of acres claimed by each sei
tier, and how many llioreof are in culture, you will
also make faithful extracts of all such grants aiul other
titles as may bo priHliiced to you in cousequeiice ol my
Prochimatiou of the 9th instant, in order for your re-
purling to me fully ou liii!i ^ulijcct on your return tu

(Jll iKC,

You will next proceed ^o survey one thousand acres
' of land, beginning at a small island coining down
' towards the point which makes liio western side of the
I river called Great Cascapebiac together with the small
ishiiul above mciitior.ed, and make a report thereon to
me, in order that a grant of the said one thousand acred
may be made to Messrs. Robin Pipon & Co. conform-
able to tho order of the King in Council. I must how-
ever particularly recommend lo your observation, and
that you will point out to me, if it should appear lo you
that a grant of the quantity of land above described as
domandeil by Messrs, Rubin Pipon & Co. would in
: any shape interfero with the prior riglits of the Aca-
dians or others, with the claims of the Indians, or with
' the gcnc.-al benefit and prosperity of the lisherics. In
! the course of your enquiries on these objects, I must
I desire you will particularly inform yourself on the state
: of all lands which have been granted, but which re-
: main unsettled and unimproved by the parties to whom
liie grants were made.

I must also request t'lat in concert with Lieutenant
Governor Cox you will make the state of the fisheries
below the subject of you- enquiries, using every means
in your power to collect such information as may form
a |)roper Jasis for estaulishing suitable regulations un
this important objcc'..

The rights of the Indians in that quarter will like-
wise justly claim your attention, the points to be punc-
tually enquired into appear to bo their claims to the
exclusive right of the Salmon Fishery on the river
Ristigouche, to certain lands and the produce thereof
adjoining lo the setlletnenls lately made by loyalists
and othois, and generally into the extent and situation
of such hunting grounds as they lay riaim tu.

To prevent difliciillies arising by the jarring of the
interests of individuals, it has been lately found ex|>e-
dicnt In assume, for the King, the Seigneuries of Port
Daniel and Ristigouche, by 'ho droit de relrait, from
persons who had ollercd the same for sale, as in using
the right of rctrait in this instance there was no inten-
tion to deprive the proposed purchasers of any advan-
tages that might be derived tlierefrom, if not inconsis-
tent with the rights and privileges of the Indians or
settlers in that quarter. I must request you will par-
ticularly examine into tho consequences which might
result from privileges annexed lo the said seigneurie«,
remair.ing possessed by individuals, in order that after
the reservation of such thereof as might prove prejudi-
cial lo the interests of the Indians and new settlers, or
beneficiiil in any other respect lo government, the
proposed purchasers may have an optional preference

I I

[40]

in the nrquisition of (lieso scigneurie>, if again to be
(Jitposcd ul'.

I am will) duo regard,
Sir,
Your tniist obedient liumble servant,

(Signed,) IIenrt Hope.

To Jotin Collins, es(|iiirp,
l)c|iiity Siirvi'vor Gciiernl
of liio Province of QueLer.

. (True copy.)

(Signed,)

Surveyor Genernl's OITirc,
Kingston, Oili Miiy, liJ U.

Thomah Padke,

Surveyor General.

No. 13.

A Report to His Excellency the Right Honorable
Guy Lord Dorchester, Captain General and Go-
verno, ia Chief of the Colonies of Quebec, Nova
Scolia and New Brunswick and their Dependen-
cies, Vice-Admiral of the same, General and Com-
mander in Chief of all His Majehly^s Forces, in
Ike said Colonies and in the Island of Netrfound-
land, Sfc. S/'C. ^-c.

My Lord, — Inobcdience to your I.ordsliip's order in
council llic Stii instiint, I have set olffrom tlie annexed
plan of survey made by Mr. William Vondenvclden
tlie 21sl day of November, 1787 for Isaac Man, Es-
quire, Senior, Isiiac Man, Junior, John Man, Thoma.s
Man, Esquire, William Man and Edward Isaac Man,
a tract, piece or parcel of land containing two thousand
five hundred and twenty acres situate on the north
gidcthe river Ristigouche, beginning at a stone boun-
dary fixed on the bank of the west side of the river Du-
Loup orPorcupine river, at the entrance of the same,
and from thence running vp the river Ristigouche
the several courses of the water, making on a direct
line, two hundred and forty chains to a stone boundary
fixed on the bank of the river two chains above Puintc
a la Croix. From thence north twelve degrees east
one bundled and five chains to a boundary, thence
south seventy eight degrees east, two hundred and forty
chains to a boundary, and from thence south twelve
degrees west, one hunilred and five chains to the first
Mation, including two thousand fivn hundred and twenty
superficial acics.

No. 14.

Grant in Fi'f and Seigniory to John Shnolhred,
Esifuirr, vn.'te on the Uh July, 1788, by Lord
Dorchester, Governor- General.

Also, a certain other tract of land situate nn the
wpstcrnmost extrmiily of Chaleurs Bay running up
(ho river Ristig. '■: he, almul 15 miles to llio first point
of land hcldw Battery Point, beginning at a boundary
line, 1 50 chains east of the bottom d tlie easternmost
hay of Nouvel Bason, running north, 23 degrees
east to tliu mountains, thence bounded by their course
nt an average depth of '10 chains Irom high watermark
to their base, round Nouvel Bason wcfclward to n
small cove, 3i)0 chains we^t of the said first meniion-
"d hay, braiing from the nortlicrnmost exlioniity of
Migoaclia Point, being a sand bank north 64 degrees
west, the superficial content of the said last described
lands is 2080 acres. Also, a tract of Innil, beginning
at the nfiiresaid cove, and running the several courses
of Point Migoacha, to the weslerii extremity of n
^''t Tiiirsh, distant from n point where tiie inacccssihlc
. 2- ' ''; «. about 60 chains, thence to the said |K)iDt,
cun -OOO acres.

Alsi ertain tract, beginning at the first men-
' lioned p.)int, lielow Battery Point, north 19 degrees
and a hall east, 80 chains, thence south 88 degrees
east, 89 chains, thence north 33 degrees east, 80
chains, thenre north 83 degrees cast, 69 chains, thenco
north 56 degrees esist, 107 chains, ihenco south 80 de-
grees cast, 23 chains, thence south 50 degrees east,
58 chains, thonre south 67 degrees east, 49 chains,
liiencc north 68 degri.s east, 88 <:hains, thence south
66 degrees cast, 57 chains, thence south 65 degrees
east, 84 chains, thence south 73 degrees oast, 150
: (diains, thence S4)uth 29 degrees east, 95 chains, thenco
south 12 degrees east, 175 chains, llience south 11 de-
grees east, 55 chains, thence south .tG degrees west,
40 chains to Vacta Point, cimtaining 6550 acres, more
or less

(A true Copy.)

(Signeil,) Thomas Parke,

Surveyor General.

Survevor General's Ofiice,

Kingston, 9th May, 1844.

(Signed)

J. C.

Quebec 22nd May, 1788.
(A troe copy,)

(Signed,) Thomas Parke,

Surveyor General.

Surveyor General's Office,
Kingston, 9th Moy, 1844.

No. 15.

Description of the Ristigouche River from a To-
pographical Dictionary, of the Province of Lower
Canada, by Col. Joseph Bomhette, Surveyor
General of Lower Canada, London, 1831.

" Ristigouche river, divides almut half of the county
of Bonaventure from the Province of New Bruns-
wick. It rises in many sources in the county of Rimoiis-
ki, and falls into the Bay of Chaleurs, forming at its
m /uth a considerable expansion called Ristigouche Bay.

" The Indian village, called New Mission Point, is
almut 5 leagues up this river, at the head of tlie ship
navigation, to which schooners and even larger ves-
sels can ascend. From the Indian village the river is
much interrii|)tcd by shoals during the dry season of
the year to Mr. Adams's, a neat establishment and the
last settlement in the district. The river forms be-
tween those two points a deep bey, along which are
settled from six (u eight families, much on the aamo

[41]

-I

system HH Ihitt of iIik CHnadiiin funncrs. Al Mr.
Atlums'.H the river is diviilrd iiidi iiuiiktoiis i;iiiiiiiicls
by iilanil!!, .tutiie of wliicli are i>iie to llireo miles
long; the Koullit'rn I'lmnncl is liowuvcr the most nnvi-
Rnhie nt all seasoim. On the Now RriiiiHWick side
tiourishinp; MttlemRiitH aro to he seen, wliieh, with the
small ohuri'h of the Mission in the diNliint |H'rs|icctivp,
and the prominont mountains to the south ea.it, nom-
bine to enhance tlio beauty of the landsrn|ie. Pro-
coedinii, iiiwards in a west hy south rourso from Mr.
Adams's, between several islands whifli ciPiitract iho
ohunnol about the distanro of one miln and a qiiiirtcr,
the river is iiiterru|iled by a ninsidernblc ni|iid, wlii'h
is however easily surmounted by the surprisinp skill
of the Indian in the maiiagc^ment of his riinne, so pc-
culiar to the Mirmne trilw whirh inhabits this part of
the country. At this plare, on the south shore, there
is a |;o()d road that runs alonj; the Ray of Risli^ourlie,
an wliich arc settled, upon lots of :wo hundred acres
each, about forty families. The land, which assumes
a highland appearance, descends in a irentlu slope to
the river, niwl is thus rendered more [ractitable for a
road and eligible for settlers. From this plare the
river takes a western course to the moutii of the Matii-
pediac, interspersed with several small isliinds : its
banks arc clothed with mixed timber, amongst which,
however, quantities of pine may be cluarly distinguisli-

" The country on this river is generally mountainous,
from the Indian village to near the portage on the
Wagansis, and with little exception the hills advance
to the edge of the water, apjiearing for the most part
unfit fur the purposes of agriculture, being in general
stupendously high and steep, and in some places almost
precipitous : there arc, however, small intervals of
Alluvial land in some places ; but tbey are not very
frequent, nor sufficiently extensive for any considerable
settlements. The face of the country near the river
Wngansis, and on the Kistigouche for some distance be-
low it, is more level than in the lower parts of the
latter river ; but a settlement hereabout would labour
under mony disadvantages, arising from the distance of
other settlements and the diHiculty of approsicbing it.
The borders of the river Ristigouche are covered with
very fine timber for buibling, a great deal of which is
taken for purposes of commerce. This river is remark-
able for its salmon fishery, which formerly aroounteil
to 3000 Itarrols ; at present the whole amount of the
salmon fishery in the district of Gasp6 is estimated at
only 2000 barrels |)Ci annum : the sidmon is exported
to Quebec, Halifax and the West Indies. This majestic
river and its numerous tributar'ea branch over more
than 2000 square miles of New Brunswick and Canii-
da. Tlic inhabitonts at what may l)e considered the
harbour of Ristigouche, and those ut the thinly inhabited
settlements at Nouvelle, Tracadigiish and Cascapediac,
consist of a mixed population of English, Scotch, I' ish,
American and Acadian French, who employ them-
selves in the diflerent occu|)ations of fishing, liewing
timber, and farming on a very humble scale. Eight
miles up the Ristigouche is an Indian chapel, where
the Indians occasionally form a small village of wig-
wams, which after a few weeks, they socm displace,
and packing up these |>ortable habitati(ms with all their
•took, embark with them in their c^mocs for some other
part of the country.

" The trees, principally the fir tribes, grow to an im-
mense height and size, and a great timber country may
be opened on this river. Tlie quality is in great re-
pute among the timber dealers in England, especially
in the port of Liverpool, and considered equal to tbat
imported from Miramichi.

" Tlio best timber grows in the valleys behind the
mountainous ridges, wliich, in most places, folhiw Iho
winding of tJie streams. The indefatigable lumberers,
overcome natural obstacles that would stagp r the reso-
lution of other puple, they cut the timber and haul
it, in winter, to pla<:e8 where there is often no water
iu summer or winter, but which they well know will
lie overflown when the spring thaws dissidve the
snow on llie muuntains and in the woods."

No. 16.

DeKcriplion of Ihe liisli^ouche rii'cr, extracted
from a hislorij of the northern part of Ihe Pro-
vince of Sew Hrun»wick, by Robert C'ooney (of
Miramichi S. B.) Hatijax N. S. 1832.

" The Restigoucho or Big river, so colled in contra-
distinction to the Miramichi, a somewhat smaller one, is
the principal river in the county of Glocester. It ri-
ses near Taumistjuatic Lake, a large and beautiful pond
suppliying Ihe Madawaska ; is supposed to be more
than 220 miles long ; deiscrilies a general course of £,
N. E. ; ' rhcrished by numerous appendant streams ;
and rolls '.hroiigh a large and commmlious harbour, in-
to the bead of La Baie des Chalcurs, in conjunction
with which it forms the separating lino between Lower
Canada and New Brunswick.

" As the settlements and principal liwal characteristics
of this river, lie within 70 miles of its entrance, we
shall commence our description at the latter, and thence
proceed towards its source.

" Tlie entrance of the Restigoucho is about 3 miles
wide, and is formed by two higher promontories of Red
Sandstone : the one on the north side, is called Point
Magashim ; that on the south, Bon Ami's Rock.
This ojiening is bold, and finely develo|icd ; is acces-
sible in all weathers ; is not encumbered by a singlo
bar or shoal ; and contains upwards of 9 fathoms of
water. On the south side, two miles above the en-
trance, is the town of Dalhousic, consisting ufafew
houses, and two or three mercantile establisTinients, of
which the most extensive, is that of Messrs. Hugh and
John Montgomery.

" The site of this town is a level eminence, and bet-
ween it, and two small, but elevated Islands in front,
a good broad channel of G or 7 fathoms in depth, flow-
ing towards the town, forms a fine safe harbour, where
vessels may load within u quarter of a mile of the
shore. The north, or main channel, commences bet-
ween the islands and Magasbua, and flowing over a
.soft bottom, runs a VV. S. W. course of 18 miles, car-
rying to that extent, a good traversable breadth, vary-
ing from 8 to 4 fat'ioms in depth. Here, after bathing
the bod of a projection, it branches into two passages,
which 'mougti n>irrow, arc 3 miles long, and contain
from 1 i to 16 feet at low water. Four miles above
this, whither the tide flows, the river is upwards of a
mile wide ; and fr>m thence, to within 40 miles of its
source, it is navigul le for light canoes.

" Thus the Restigouche, independently of its great
agricultural and commercial resources, is eminently
distinguished by two important maritime features,
namely, it is in some degree, navigable for 180 miles
from its entrance ; and it contains a safe and commo-
dious harbour, 18 miles long, 2 miles wide, and more
than sufiicicntly deep for the largest class of British
mcichont men.

[42]

" At first view, llio country, on Uitli sidoii of tliiH ri-
ver, uml ull round it, cvun to tlio utinoHt verge ufohMtr-
vuiioii, pruMinls un ii|i|icnranct< vxcccniingly i{runil Rnd
iinpri'.Hsivu. Wlintuvfr way the oyo wundiTii, licforu
it lies R suoiningly inlcrminublu rugioii of huge luid
lol'ly inountuins. Nothing is to bu fuvn but nn alm<Mt
imnifUMirable dispersion of gigiintic, bills, a|i|mn'ntly
rolling in every direction and br>-utliing tbrougb nn iil-
most iiiliiiile nuinlier of luV'\^iind rivers, glensand valley s,
Of tliese mountains, souie are elegantly tlowered with
lull pines ; otiiers sustain a line growth of bard WimxI ;
many have aswamjiy summit, and several terminate in
ri< li meadows and jilains. Son)'.- of them aru conical-
ly formi'd ; many exhibit considerahle rotundity ; some
an' lank and attenuated, and others there are, whose
ligure aial eonslrurlion I confess myself nnable to
deserilK'. Let the ri'ader conloui|ilato for a moment,
this inunciiw surl'ace of geological incongruities ; and
while the ^entinll'nts inspireil bv this study are glowing
in his bosom, let him lis bis eye u|h)ii the lundscope,
taking care to rememlK r, tli.it an irrcgidar, but exten-
sive^ distribution of treineiulous elilfs, darling their points
through and far above the loftiest of the trees, dot it all
over with bristling spires that seem lo coipiet with the :
rioiids. For 70 miles from its debouchure, the river is
lined on bolii sides by two stripes of high, but level
land, eMending upon an average, more iban a mile
back ; with however, a b'W prominent elevations, oc-
cupying the very edge of the water, and mainlaining a
position, something like the bastions of a rampart.

" These two banks of Inbic bind, appear lo be a
slralified formation of red snnd stone, and oilier secon-
dary rocks, inU:' rsed with limestone, course granite,
&c, the whole overlaid by a loiimy covering of clav
and gravel. Immediately in the rear of, ai.d all round
these slrijies, lie the desultory profusion of mountains
I have endeavored to describe. The natural fertility
of these plains, is considerably augmented by enriching
conlribulinns carried down from the moimlains, by
erosion, rain, overflowing of rivers, bursting of lakes,
and other external agenls. And thus cherished, ihev
produce very luxuriant crops of wheat, oats, rye, bar-
ley, vegetables, &c.

' i-roceeding towards the interior, to liic dislnnrn I
liavc mentioned, the river, from its own course and llie
disposition of the land, agreeably deieives you ; at
every fix miles one seems to be entering a new lake.
Having advanced about 70 miles from the entrance,
ibe lai. I becomes compaialivcly level. Here, and all
the way towards the head of the river, is a line bold
and open country, consisting of a rich upland, skirted
with large tracts of intervals, and covered with a dense
and unviolalcd growth of mixed wood, in which large
groves of pine are very conspicuous,

" Descending from generals to particulars, let us
now lake a closer view of ibis mngnilicent river. In a
brief historical sketch of Gaspe, contained in the finirlb
part of this book, the reader will find a detailed ac-
count of an action that took place between the French
and English on the Rcstigouche. We shall now no-
tice the particular places mure intimately connected
with this transaction.

" As well to remove all doubt, concerning what I
liavc advanced on this subject, as to obtain credit for
what I am about to relate, it may be necessary to in-
form the reader, ibat I obtained the particulars from a
tlemi-ofiicial account published in the monthly chrono-
logy of a periodical paper, intituled " The London
Magazine, or " Gentleman's Monthly Intelligencer."
Of this demi-olficial account, tlio following is an exact
co]>y verbatim et literalim.

" London, August 30lli, 1760.

" Admiralty Orrici:. — tty a letter dated llie 2nd
instant at Halifax from Captain Allen, commander of
His Majesty's ship, the UepuUe, it appears Ihut upon
intelligence received from the (lovernorof Louiiburgh,
of some French ships of war and store ships, with
troops and stores on board, being in Chaleur Uay, in
the Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Captain Uyron, in Mis
Majesty's ship the Fame, proceeded with several uf
His Majesty's ships in quest of them, and finding them
in the said Kay, the Fame, Repulse, and Scurboroug,
after much diljicully got up, and on the Stii uf July,
destroyed the whide consisting of three frigates, viz :
the Marcbault, llio liienfaisani, the Marquis do Mar-
lose and another ; besides twenty-two schooners, sloops
and small privateers, with n great ipiantily of provi-
sions and stores, A more circumstantial account is
daily expected from Captain Uyron, who had sent
Lieutenant Lord Kulberford, witli bis despatches by
way of New York." " Of this account the subjuined
is u literal transcript.

" London, 8ib September, 17 CO.

" Hy despatches received from Captain Byron, se-
nior officer of His lirilannic Majesty's ships at Louis-
bnrgb, and dated 2Glh of July, it appears ihat Captain
H. upon receiving inlelligcnce from Hrigndier General
Whilmore, that a French fleet bad sailed up Chaleur
Bay, proccciled with the Fame, Dorcelshire, Achilles,
Scarborough and Repulse in quest of them. Having
deslroved one French ship. La Cntharina, in Gasp6
Bay, Captain Byron proceeded lo a large river, called
by llio Indians Rustigushi. Here be found the remain-
der, consisting of ibe Marcbault of 32 guns; the Es-
ptrancc of SO ; the Bienfaisant of 22 ; and the Mar-
quis de Marloze of 18 ; logciber with twenty-two
sloops and small vessels. When our fleet appeared
off the Rustigushi harbour, tho enemy proceeded up
the river, and anchored above two battories, mounted
on the north side of it. These being but iiulifl'erenlly
served were soon silenced, and the ships, alter a short
resistaiite, were all sunk or taken. Captain Byron
then deslroved the town of Petite Rochelle, containing
upwards of 200 lumses, and also buth uf the batteries."

" The Magazine from which I obtained these ex-
tracts, I borrowed from Mr. Jo»e[ih Spralt, of Chatham,
neither of us knowing at the time, that it contained
such information.

" On the south side, 8 miles above the entrance, is
point Ainimpk, a considerable elevation, which, as its
name implies, was formerly a rcronnoilering post with
the Indians. In the vicinity of this point, are unequi-
vocal indications of an extensive cual mine.

" Point I.e Guard, on tho north side, is nearly
twelve miles from the entrance. It is a bluirhi,<h pro-
j jectlnn, nearly perpendicular, and was forme, ly occu-
; pied by the French, as a military station. This point
commands n fine view of Ihc entrance of the harbour ;
and is said to have been the site of a large fort, des-
troyed by the British squadron, under Captain Byron.

" Two miles higher up, on the same side, is Battery
Point, so called Irom a garrisim having occupied it
iluring the old frcnch wai. This is a bold rocky pro-
montory, probably 80 feet high, having on Its summit,
a tolerably extensive plain, and at its base, a fine deep
channel, containing from 4/^ to 5 fathoms.

" A few years ago, several large pieces of ordnance
j that had been sunk near the botlom of this point, were
Ij removed by some if the inhabitants, and by them, con-
I veried to various culinary purposes. Some guns are

[43]

still lying (hern, Htid ncnr the bench, nbniit 20 yflnri
ngii, dill Mr. huslveil, tliu |iri-9cnt iirnprietor, fiiiil h
hirge cupfivr stL>w-|mn, of Freiicli cmiitlrui tlon, lying
mouth (lownwnrils, hiiiI iiniiiir it a boltlu of iiiiiliis!ii'>.
The pnii has licvn in connliuit use cvur s'lmu, iiiiil to i
judge frotn itx prckent hciillhy ii|i|ieiirnnc(', i.s likvly to
■urvivo 20 years mure. Among othur arlicli's, Kaiil to ''
hnve been found u( this point, ii pair of dut'lliiig pislols, |
u liHndsoinu regulation sword, and a stniil! <'nw of wini', :
are enumerated. Here, nt Ihu edge of the ilianni'l
and visible at low water, are the runiaiiis of lit'! two '^
French vessals, purl of the Ib.'utdestrtiyed by Uyron.

" .\ little above the biiltcry point, is tlio morcnnlile
ostablisbtncnt of |)can and Ailkin, tin' lirsl iinil llie la>t
house that I visited in Cinaila. I nii'tiliiin tlils rir- '
cumstani'o to allord niysidf un opportunity of icniluring
my griilcfiil iii'knowliMl'4"inviitN to llic kind kimI
hospitable proprietors. 'Iliis liou«e, and (bat of >lr.
FeterSul'u'rI.ind, lately cslablislicd a short di.slance from
I*, are llie inily ri'sidenl menbanls on llie norlb side
of the river. Four miles above this, is Point I'lcas.inl, j
Ihu residenri' of F.dward .). Man, esipiirc. To the '
propiiety of lids nami', I cordially rrndcr my nsscnl ;
for during a residenri- of I 1 l.iys, I fiiiiil it to be Point
Pleasant, indeed. From every member of Mr. Man's
amiable lan)ilv, did I receive (lie most polite allenlion,
and to him and his son, am I deeply iiulebted for nnicli
of the information conlained in this book. .At the cili^e
of the channel, opposite to Mr. M.in's, are the remains
of another sunken vessel, from which sumo of the oaken
timbers, some cutlasses, and other things, have been
Gxtracleil.

'■ On the south side, nearly apis)siln to Point Plea-
Siint, is anodier projeciioii called Martin's Point, for-
merly a French village, and now ornamenled by a
handsome Presbyterian church, lately erected by the
mutual exertions of the inhal)itants nf both sides of the
river. Through this point Hows a tolerably large
stream, on which, the present proprietor, Kobert
Fergusm, cs4jiiire, has a very good saw mill and grist
mill.

" A short distance above this, is the establishment
of Messrs. Adams, about a mile in the rear of which is
a large mountain, called from its conical forin, the
Sugar Loal'. It rises about 71)0 feet above the level
of the plain, is composed of a spiral mass of granite,
clothed with MM'ondary formation, and is, at its base,
from 2i to 3 miles in circumference. This mountain
is inaccessible on all sides, except the east, where it
can be ascended by a rude, but natural lliglit of steps,
formed by several projections. \ mile and a half in
the rear of this mountain is a beautiful lake, abundantly
slocked with large red trout, and surrounded by a level
plain, well clothed with hardwood.

" Directly opposite, on the other side of the river,
is Mission Point, an exceedingly rich tract of hind,
comprising upwards of 1200 acres, and owned by the
Micmacs, to . ..'o hundred of whom it alFords a per-
manent residence. This settlement consists of a chapel,
capable of containing 300 jM^rsons, together with a
Mission House, a burying ground, and 21 dwelling
Iiuuses. The houses are constructed of l.igs, covered
with shingles or boards ; they are all providcil with
chimneys and stoves ; and some of them have even
chairs, bedsteads, tables and similar other conveniences.
Most of the honseholders own live stock, consisting of
oxen, cows, swine, &c., some of them have houses ;
one of them owns a small schooner of 25 tuns; and
others have small fishing boats.

" The Indians residing hero, are generally moral in
their deportment, and industrious in their habits. They
demean themselves soberly and peaceably, contributing

nnicb to their own rispeclabilily and comfort by an-
nually raising a small slock of indian corn, Imniiis,
P'llaliii's, kc. The K. (.'. Missionary residing nt
('aib'ton, is iheir spiritual director, he visits them
twice a year, remaining a niiinlh each time ; and for
lliese services is paid by a legislative grant frotn Ca-
naila. The Mi.'-sion House and (be chapel were buill
exclusively by the Indians,

" Mission Point is a very eligible silo for n smal!
town, and would, if granted fur thai purpose, be soon
iieenpied. The rear might be prolitably disposiMl in
garden Int.', and the front in building ones. The
bigldands are inure than a mile and a half back, and
are aliiii.ilai.lly slncKed with black birch, and several
varieties of lirewood ; and a good cliannvl fur a vessel
''f Iwii liiindred tons, winds close inlo the beach, whih^
a ciiiiliiiuoiis Mat, or miilille ground, provides an excel-
li'iit Salmon Fishery. Of these advanlages, and of the
end III which they might be applied. Lord Dalhonsie
seemed to be aware, when lie otfered the Indians
i^tiDO, and twice as much laiiil elsewhere, if ihey would
resign their title.

" Nearly opposite to this Point, and a little above it,
are the remains of two vessids, bnlh visible nt low
water. These are supposed to have hi en the Hien-
faisant and the Marquis do Ahirhize, and from the one
coniectiired to have Is'en the former, were a set of
rudder irons lalely recovered, which were used 1
believe, in the re-eipiipment of the tiordim Castle, a
vessel belonging to Mr. Ferguson.

" Three miles above this, is Pointe-au-Bourdo, the site
of that Petit KiH'helle, which Myron destroyed in the
summer of 17Ct). It was called by the Indians Kaa-
lonkong, or (Jrindstone '"oint, to signify the quality of
the red sand stone mountains with which its vicinity
abounds. Its present name is derived from the sepul-
1 tore of Monsieur Honrilo, (he oHicer who commanilcd
the Marchault, and wlio was killed in the action, and
buried here.

" Here, along the shore, and at the foot of the
mountains, cellar walls, foundations of houses, and
other memorials of an old and extensive sj'ttlement,
are visible. Here also, have gun barrels, old guns,
i;uii locks, bayonets, &c., been occasionnally discovered.
Mr. Hnstecd, the owner of Battery Point, is also the
proprietor of Ibis ; and three or four years iigo, did a
servant of his, while ploiinhing some land, a short
distance from where a service of china had been pre-
viously dug up, find a four pronged silver fork, and a
silver table spoon, both marked with the letters (•. M.
1). .At the west end of this Point, is nl.so the hull of
a vessid, from which band-grenaiK's, small bomb-shells,
and some olhcr projectiles have been occasionally
taken.

" A little above the point is a small stream called
Olbcer.s' Creek ; it is a romantic little spot ; and from
some fashionable articles found about the ruins of'i
house in the neighlKiurhood, it may lie inferred, that it
was once the residence of a person of some distinction.
Near this are also a set of launch ways, whi(-h must
have been used by the French, in the construction of
a tiderably large vessel. Several pieces of cannon have
al.so been found here ; and one of them, a 12 pounder,
I think, Mr. Busteed has lately inserted in the hack of
a new fire place. Mr. Man of Point Pleasant, has also
an elegant parlour stove, made from a carrnnade of
the same calibre This conversion of instruments of
death, into means of promoting human comfort, is ana-
logons to O'Leary's description of the benificent fmils
of religions toleration. " The stake, " says that
eloquent writer, " which formerly burned the heretic,
now cooks a dinner for him. "

[44]

" Opposili' to Missimi I'dIiiI, is Alliol lloiiw, (ho '
rv.siili'iico 1)1' KiilxTt I'V'i'KiiMiii, i'M|iiiri', wlmst! Iiiily,
I liclii'Vft, CV-, t'laiin tlix ili.>>liii('lii>ii nl' litMii){ llic lirxt
(liild Itiirii III' Kii^IIaIi jMrtiits nil ilir Ki'sliifiiiclii'. A
litllu iiliiivn M. hVi'i;iiM>ii'.<t is ISiili'si I'uiiit, rtiriiu'rlv
lliu silc iif nil liiiliiiii villiii;!-.

" Kruni Kiililii (iriiy'.i lircHik, ii siniill tlrcntn ilis-
clmr^iiii; I'lmiiil iho wrsl I'liil nl tliis I'oiiil, tlirrr is a >

1)Urlat;o nl' ii inili's ji'ailili); Inwards llii' licuil ill' tlic j
'|mili|uit('li. It riiiii llirnii^li ri'iiiaikalily liiii' latiil, \
rt'vunliiii; an rxIciiNivit plain wull cnvcrcil willi liaril- |
WoihI. Tills pnrla^c was iipciii'il by a li'W lalHiiircrs in
|H;j7, and aitlinii^li iinl in n vtTy ^oimI slate at prrsi iii,
it nii);lit liy a iniHliTalv outlay, iio niadi- a pcnnairnt
mid iisa'Ail liiif ol'niininiiniralinii. Wli.it rr< iiiiiiiiriMJs
tliis road tn a sliiirt' nl' piililir allrnlinii is : it lias a i;n id
lirm linltnin ; rt'ijuirrs no liridi;i'S ; lias a li'W m'II'i-is
niroady uii it ; and Ims a ii'iid'ncy to roiiiiL'i^t tlii'
main river with unu uf its* principal braiiilii.'s."

No. 17.

Description of the Rifiligouclif rit'er e.iiracteil from \
the Report of a Lecture deliirreil b)) — I'crlei/, .
Esijuire, of Saiut John, A'. B. on the SIh of l)e- j
cemher, 1813. From the" New Hrunsiricker^' '
a Newspoper of Saint John, A'. B. December

l\th 1H4S. I

" Last Friday, Mr. Porlcy rcsiimrd liis siilijfrt at
lialliurst Uarlioiir, and prnct'edi'd llivncc HJnni; tlic |
coast of the Bay of ('lialcur, towards Dalliousie. Tbo
, distance between Hatliurst and Dallioiisie was staled
to be about sixty niiies, and alllioiif;h there were only
two or three considerable rivers interscclinj; the j^reat
road in that distance, yet there was an inlinity c'" brooks
and streams, and perhaps on no road in the Province
uf similar length, were there .so many bridges.

" The coast iMjtwcen the two points mentioned, wa.s ;
dpscrik'd as ijiiile low and very level ; and this level
laial extended back from the shore for live or six miles,
when a hilly and broken tract of wilderness counlry ;i
commenced. The streams took their rise amid these i
hills, and their sources were frequently very close to '
each other, although they took widely dilferent courses, i
The little Nepisiguit was the first stream mentioned ; i
it was said to rise near the Tattagouche, and to In; but
of small size. The Nigadoo came next, « pretty
stream, 15 or 20 miles long, flowing over a clear bot- ,
tom, and the settlement of Petit Rocher, lying near it, '
was described. The settlers at Petit Koclier were said
to be Acadian French, who neglected their farms to
follow fishing and lime burning, and were miserably '.
poor. The limestone was of good quality and abun-
dant ; the [icople burned it in badly constructed kilns,
with great Waste of time and labour, and then carried
it down the Hay, and even as far as Prince Edward
Island, for .sale. The Elm Tree and Belle Dune rivers,
both small streams, were next in order. They are
four miles apart, and between them is the flourishing
settlement of IJelle Dune. The houses are neat, and
there is a pretty cha|)vl, the settlers are Irish catholics,
who came to this country exceedingly poor, but by their
n«n industry and prudence have rai.scd themselves to
comfort and independence. Nine miles from Belle
Dune is the Jaquet river, a large stream, forty-five
miles hing, rising in the hilly country, near the sources
of the .Nepisiguit and Upsalquitch. The Imrdcrs of
this furnish quantities of lartce white pine, which can
he driven for 30 miles. Mr. Wightman carried the
barometrical survey uf the buundary Commissioners

from (irand Fall* to the Hay of Chaleur, by (ho Jaquet
river, and the hills on the up|M-r part of the river weru
found by him to lie from HOO to IKHH'ect high. There
is a good harbour at the mouth of this river, in -t and
h fathoms water, sheltered by Heron Island. This
island was desci'ilied as u long narrow slip of land, lying
pandlel with the main, at u short distance from i(, uiid
having good water and line fishing all ruund it.

" A proinissing settlement at N«.sh's creek was men-
tioned, as also the river Benjamin and the river Oliarln,
all small slrcMins, and (he Eel river M!((lenient was
poinlrd out, and slated to have U^en first formed by set-
tlers from the Ish' of Arran, who had succeeded very
well. The mouth of Eel river was shown on the
map, and described as having a bar of sand across it
a mile hi'ig, thrown up by easterly gales, and along
lliis seu W'lll of Siinil and gravel the great road to Dal-
liousie pas "d. The bar JiiriiH'd within a wide Imsiii
of shallow wa'er, with a soft minhly iNiltom, that |h'cu-
liar sort of bhi'k mud, in which the Eels delight to
bury theniselves during winter. The basin of Eel
river is coii-'len d the Wnl Eel ground in the Province,
and one of the . est sjHits for wild fowl shooting in all
New iiriiiiswick, wild fiiwl of every description, but
more particularly brant and geese, being ubundant
beyond all bt-licf.

" The eels were staled (o he the principal ToikI of the
Miciiiacs at all tiine.s, and the various moih's of sjiear-
ing (hem, bnlh in siimnier and winter, were clearly
descriU'd, and the several speais used by (ho Indians
Were shown.

" The lecturer here mentioned, that all the coast
from Hatliurst tn Dalliousie abnuiided in fish of eierv
description, and that small fish were so abundant at
times, as to lie spriMid on the land for manure — lobsters
also were used for the same purpose, as at Carraquet,
where every hill of potatoes had on it uno or more
hib.stcr shells.

" The tide flows 4 mih's up Eel river, above which
there is a large tract of level land, of good quality,
surrounded and sheltered by the lofty hills of the Kes-
tigonchi!. The Colebrooke settlement is forming on
this tract, and is said to olTer [leculiar advantages to
settlers. There is a high ridge of trap rock, sepa-
rating Eel river from Dalhousie, called CharleforVs
Hill, tohich is very abrupt on the Eel river side,
and sloping totcard the Restigouche ; at the base
of the slope is the town of Dalhousie.

" The entrance of the Restigouche is three miles
wide, with nine fathoms of water, a noble entrance
to a noble river. The Bay of Chaleur terminates
here ; it is 85 miles long, varying from 15 /o 30
miles in width, and in the whole of its length and
breadth, the lecturer said, there was neither rock,
reef, or shoal.

" Tlic Restigouche was descrilied as being 320 miles
long ; its Indian name implied " the river which di-
" vides like the hand," in allusion tu its separation
above the tide, into five principal streams or branches.

" Dalhousie, at its entrance, was ilescribed as a very
neat town, containing about 130 houses, and 1000 in-
habitants ; the streets were said to be broad and clean.
In front of the town there are some excellent wharves,
with large and well sheltered timber ponds, a crescent
shaped basin, and an island, form an excellent harbour,
where ships of any size can load in perfect safety.
The present extensive trade of Restigouche was said
to have sprung up about 1325, since which, Dalhousie
and Campbelltown have been built ; the whole trade of
this river is carried on from the New Brunswick side,

[ 4f> ]

«nil this wiiN (li<! Dtily ('»s<<, lliv li'diiriT r.M, in wliirli I!
lliu i)Hit|ilo of Niiw ItriiiiHwii'k liiiil not hMhwi'iI llicir i
lit-iglilH>urN to iH'run- iili tlir ailviiiitii^i'n n|' iHixltiiin, l
which WiH owitiK howrvtir in u Krciil inciifinri' to (hi- I
iittur ni>i;li>('t of \\\f Dixtrirl of (iii!i|i)'' liy (ht- Ciiniiiliini
Koviirnmi'iit, which ajipouruil uho^l.'lhut ij^niiratit of tin
wluo.

" A very fine tranniNirnnt ninp, of oxrfcdinjj hirifi-
hIio, was kIiowh, I'xhiliilin); Ihi! river Kcsliifoiiclii'
from Diilliousiis to Ciiin|iliulh<iwn, iiiiil all llir |irinri|iiil
jtlaceH of iniiTt'st on lioth itiilfN of tlir river, with llic I
»hi|> chaiiiiel ch'arly ih'lint'd. 'I'liis inn|) whs iirciiiircd ;
liy Mr. Sladcr, under the ilireition of the lecliirer, I
from a survey made hy Mr. Mai'donnlil, cd' (isiHlH', and i
had ail excidlenl eli'ect. Cain|ilielllown whs pointed I
out, Hliil said to coiilHiii .'it) or (ill lionKes and alioul i
•UM) inlmhitants. The Sutrar l.oaf Hill, a hii;li e(Uiiral i
<Miiiiiem-e, xtandin^ isolated from the olher hills, had !
heen measured tri^jonomelrii'ally hy Captain Haddelv
of till! Koyal Kliiiilieers, and j'oniiil to he \2i\{) feet
\i'\g\i. The summit is only ai ressilile at one part, and
ovun tlieru it is considered rather perilous.

" The cslaldishinent of IIoIhtI Ferjjuson, esquire,
railed Athol lioiise, was shown on the map, htiiI Mr.
Ferguson was staled to he one of the first Knulish set-
tlers on the Kesliiroiiehe. He has a lari;e and excel-
lent farm, and for many years has carried on an exten-
sive SaJnum fishery in front uf his resideiiru.

*• He has formerly juicked and shipped 1200 tierces
«if salmon in a season, liul the ipianlity has decreased of
late, owini; in a jjreat measure to the fish iH-inu; taken,
up the streams, out of sijason. The salmon fishery is
Hliil extensive, however, opposite Alhol House, on the
Canadinu si''" of the riv -r is Mission Point, a Micmac
(iettlement ol ahout 4t)0 souls. A transparency was
shown exhihitinn a view of this Point, with the old
<Mia|iel and the Priest's lioustt, and Pointe-au-Hourdo,
iiid some lofty hills in the distance, which gave a good
idea of the hiddiies uf the scenery.

" The scene of an action in 1700, hetwccn some
Knglish men-of-war and a I'rench tieet of four sail and
twenty traiis|iorls, was shown, and a detailed and spi-
rited account was jrivcn of Ihe manner in which the
Knglish vessels, under Capf. Byron and Sir Andrew
Hamilton, had forced their way up the river, silencing
the guns at Pointe-A-la-Garde, andBaltervPoinl, finally
sinking the vessels of war and capturing the transports
oir Puinte-au-Hourdo. This point received its name
from the circumstance of Capt. Rourdo, the comman-
der of the French fleet, who fell during the action,
being buried there. When the action was fought there
was a town at this point containing 300 houses, built
hv the French and called Petite Rocholle, — this town
was raised to the ground by Capt. Byron, and only a
few remains of the foundations of houses were now to
be seen. The French fleet destroyed here was in-
tendeil to relieve Montreal, and endeavour to re-esta-
blish the French in Canada ; but here was the closing
•cene and final end of French power in North Ame-
rica. "

WM/iU'iHcAr river, which discliHrges into the Bay of
('liali'iir, and within lIui iminty of Norlhtimlicrhind,
being hulled and linundeil as fidlows, to wit : — Begin-
ning at a marked ceihir tree, standing on or near llio
Noiillierly hank or shore of Ihe brnok commonly called
Walker's or Mill BiiMik, which discharges into Kesli-
goiiche river afnresaid, ahciiil fifty chains of four |Mdes
each, siMith-easlerly from the point commonly called
(juiiilon's Poiiii ; the said Iree being about Iwenty-four
chains from Ihe miMilh or enlramie of the said brook,
and thirty-six nsls below ihe saw mill which stands
nil the said brisik ; thence or from the said cedar tree
running hy ihe magnetic needle south one hundred and
twelve cliains of fiMir poles each, or iiiilil it meets tliu
pndciiigaliiiii of Ihe rear or Sdiilberly line of the grant
to (Jecirge M'dregor anil two olhers ; thence along the
said prii|Miiga>i<in west lliirly chains, or uiiiil it meets
till' easterly line of the lot niindier fiiurteen, granted to
Alexander Bean in the grant aforesaid ; thence along
llie said easterly line iiorlli until it meets the noulherlif
hank or nhore of Hfsli^otirhe river afort said ; thence
along llie said southerly bank or shore, following its
several courses down stream lo the entrance of Walk-
er's brook aforesaid ; thence along the northerly bank
or shore of the haid brook, lollowing its several courses
up stream or soulh-weslwanlly, until it meets a line run-
ning north from the bounds first mentioned ; thence
along the said line south until it meets the said first
bcuind, containing in the whole four hundred and
seventy-seven acres, more or less, with the usual
allowance of ten per cent, for roads and waste, being
partly improved and partly wildernes.s land, and hath
such shape, form and marks, as apjiear by the actual
survey thereof, nr.ade under the directions of our Sur-
veyor (Jenoral of our said Province, of which survey
the plan hereunto annexed is a representation.

" A true extract from the grant lo Samuel Lee,
esquire, dated 8th January, ISO'i,

" (Signed,)

Wm. F. ODMLt.'

No. 18.

Extract from a Grant of Lands situate'! on the
South side of the Restigouche River, made to
Samuel Lee, Esquire, under the authority of the
Province of New Brunswick, the 8th of January,
1802.

*' Unto Samuel Lee, esquire, his heirs and assigns,
a tract of land situate, lying and being the lots number
fifteen aod number sixteen, on the toutherly side of\

No. 19.

Extract from a Grant of Lands, situated on the
South side of the Restigouche River, made to
sundry pera^>ns under t'.e authority of the Pro-
vince of New Brunswick, the 3rd June, 1813.

" Unto Adam Gerard, junior, Adam Ferguson,
Junior, John Adams, Alexander MalcoN, John Dun-
can, Kalph Christopher, William Pratt, William Dun-
can, Thomas Busteed, seuior, Samuel Grint, John
Diamond, George Grant, Alexander Borland, Patrick
Murphy, Jamet Gerrard, James Ryan, David Conna-
jchan, Peter Adams, Thomas Busteed, junior, and
Adam Gerard, in severalty.

I " The second division beginning at a marked spruce
I tree standing on or ncarthe south shore of Restigouche
I river afore.said, at the lower or north east corner or
' bounds of the tract formerly granted to Samuel Lee
and four others, and about one hundred and thirteen
I chains measured on a direct line custerly from the
northern extremity of Old Church Point above men-
\ tioned, thence or from the said spruce tree running
south one hundred and fifty chains or along the lower
or east line of the said grant, to the south-east corner
thereof, thence east two hundred chains or to meet the
upper or west line of the lot number eighteen, grant-
ed in a former grant to Joseph Diamond, thence along
the Slid west line north until it meets the south shore
of the Restigouche river aforesaid, at the entrance of

[ >•'• ]

WHiki'rN Himik, ilii'iicc <riii»iiii{ ilic «iiil UriMik mi ii
•liriTt lliir til till' |><iiill l'<iriiiili|{ itt clilriiiirii In llic
wr^lWiiril, iiimI lliriirc, liillciwiMK llic Kriiriil iiiiirHi'i i>|
ill)' iMiicI miiilli Kliiirr ii|i Kli'i'iini iir wrslfrlt , iiiilil it
Mii'iitit till' r|iriin.' tri'i> at tlic lli<l iiii'iiljniiril ImmiihIn
Ml' lliin ai'i'iiiiil ilivisjiiii,i>r II liiir riiiiiiiiii; imrili tin n--
I'riiin, wliii'li MT'ihil ilivi'iiiiii IN iliviili'il iiiln tlmii'iii
liilt nr |iliiiiliiliiilii iiiiiiiIhii'iI Inuii iiiiiiilaT \\\r to iiiilii-
InT si'Vrlili'i'li Inilli ilirlilHlvi', iil' wliirll IiiIn llic IoIn
llilllilii'rril I'lM', M'Vt'ii, t'iitlit, rli'Vi'ii iiiiil M'M'iitrcii iiri'
only iiirliiili'il in iIiin uniii', lli>.' rullluiliiliK tight liitx
lH'ili){ graiilLiI in Ini'iiH'r uniiiiH,

" A tnit- lAlnirt iil' tlir ^riint tu AiIhim (ivriirtl iiml
olliura, iluluil 3nl Jiilif, IHI2.

" (Signed,)

\V.M. V. OVKUJ

ViDR, also till- I'roviiiciiil Slutiili' nl' New Uriiiiv
wii'k, 7tli (ini. 4, ('»|i. .'il. Si'ctiiiii .')., riiiiliMiinl in
this A|i|ii'ilili\ Nil. ^.1, [iiiut! 17. AImi, tlir I'lovili-
riiil iStiitiilf III' \i'W liriiiiMwtck, .'ml V'iit. ('m|i. III.
St'c. I., ilrscriliinn tlir limit iil'llii' luiri^lirs nl D.iIIkhi-
nio mill Aililiiigton, ituim.' Aii^iuiix. No. ;!7, ['ugf 4^.

No. 20.

II O U N n A K I E S
oif

c o u N T I p: s

IN THE

PROVINCE OF Ni:W BRUNSWICK.

Extract from the Provincial Slatute of Mew ttruns-
wick 2G//i Geo. :ird. Cap. I, intituled, " .In act
" for the better ancertainin/; and cnnfirtninif the
" Boundaries of the xevernl counties uiithin thin
" Province, and for subdividing them inio Towns
" or Parialies.'"

" Wlioreas His Most (irntimis Majesty, liv His Roval
l.cttiTS I'ati'nl under the Great Seal of this I'rovinie,
healing J,:!? ilie eighteenth day ol' May, one thuusaiiil
fieven hundred and eighty live, was jileased to erect
and eonstituto into one distinct and separate connlv,
all that tract or district of land situate in this Pro-
vince, boundifl southerly on the Bay of Fiindy, east-
erly hy llo|iewell Townsliip, and a line running from
the north west corner of said townslii|), due north
into the country, northerly hy a line running cast north-
east unil west siiii'h-west, from the southerninost |ioint
of the Kiainoheckacis Inland, lying at the mouth of the
river Kennelicckacis, where it joins the nvn Saint
John, and westerly hy a iliie north lino from Point I.e
Froe, in the Hay of Fiindy aforftsaid. .\nd tlid thereby
nrilain, cstahlish and declare, that all and singular the
lands and waters ciim|irist'l within tlir, limits aforesaid,
should for ever thereaUer iw, continue and remain a
distinct anil separate county, and inckding the City of
Saint John, should be chlled, known an.' distinguished
by the name of the city and county of Sai.it John.

" And whereas hy like letters patent since passed, ,
His Majesty was further pleased to erect and constitute I
into one distinct and separate county all tiiat tract ur '

I distrii t of laiiil situate in this Provinn , Isiuiided i'«kI>

urly hy llic Proviliti' of Nova Srolui, hiiiI the gulf of

St. I.Hwri'iKc, niirlherly hy H due wesi lin« running

mill ihii rKiiiiiry Irniii tint norlln'riiniiml point of iho

liii'p' i«liiiid, III the liioiilli or entruiii'i' of ( liediiic Hay

or liiirlKiiir, xeslirly h( a line iN'giiining at m point in

the iiiirlh lionndiiry line of Saint John's louiily, duo

iinilli lioiii (jiiurii lliMil in the Itiiy of KuimK, uiiiI

iiiiiiiiil; north into ilie loiiiitrv until it nio'tn wiiil wc't

lull', mill soimIiitIv by ilie loiinty of Siiiiil John aliiic-

siiiil, mill llie lliiy of ( liiKiiei to, iiliil did theieby ordain,

, ciiuililikli iind ili'( hire, that all iiiiil singular land*

iiiiil wiiirr* ( iHiijiriM'd wilhiii the liniiln alorcuid, ahouhl

fir I'lcr ilirri'iilii'i In', I'oiiliiiiie and mnain a disliiiit

I .mil Ni'|iiirHli' ciiiiiilt to lie rulh'd, kimwii and dixlin-

I giiiNliril hy ihi' iiaii.e of the Count) of Wiolinorluiid,

I: " AimI when-as by like letlcrN pntcnl since passid.
Mis Miiii"<l\ was pli'iiM'il III eri'i I iiiiil lonslilute inli>
Kill' liiHiiiirl and sepaiiilr i'iiiiiil\, anolbir Irad or dls-
Irirl of bind, HJiiiiiti' in thr wi'slrrii pari of this Province,
Ihiiiniliil on the south by the Hiiv of Kmiibiy, on the
Wot hy till' river Sardiac or Sainii' t'rui\, and lbl^
wi'slerii'>liiire of the Itiiy of Pass.iiiiiiipiiilily, inrlniliiig
the island of (iriiiid Munmi, on the eiisl by a iliii' ii<irtli

I fr point l.c Proe in said Uav of l'"iiMily, ninning

inio ihi' country, and mi the iinrlli by a due west lint>
C'lmiiiencing in ibr said norlli line lliirty miles disliint
Irmn (loiiit I.e Proe iil'ores.iiil. ,\iii| did tlitreby nrilain,
I'stablisb and derbiri' tliiil nil and siiignbir the laiiils.iiiil
> .ers i'om|irisi'il witliiii the limits al'ores.iid, sboiibi
for ever tlieiriifier Ih', ciiiiliniK' and reiiiiin a disiinil
iind separate coiinly, to bu cHllcit, known and disliii-
guished by the naniu of the County of I'harlulle.

" Anil whereas by like letters patent sinco |m«(ied,
another tract or district of land Iting within ih s Pri>-
vince, bounded southerly by the county of VVistnior-
liind, easterly by the gulf of Saint l^awrilice and llm
May lies Clialeurs, northeilv by the said Kay and tlio
southern lioundarv of the Provinrti of (jiii'Ih'c, ami
wcterly by a coniinualion of the weslern boiinihiry line
of the said county of Westmorland, and also erected
into one distini'l and se|iaiHle coiinly, to U' called and
known by the nnmu of the CuiL-iiy of N'orthumherlanil.

" Atu] whereas by like letl<'rs patent in like manner
since passed, another tract or dislrici of bind, lying
within this Province, on botli sides the river Saint
John, bounded on the south by the county of Saint
John, on the west by Charlotte couiitv, on the east
by the counties of Westmorland and Nortliiimberbind,
and on the norlii by a line running south-west atal
north-east, from the south point of Spoon Island, lying
in Saint John's river, was also erected into one distinct
and s*<parale comity, to be called and known by the
name of King's County.

" And wliereas by like letters patent in like manner
since passed, another tract or district of land, lying
within this Province, on Isith sides the river Saint
John, bounded on the south-east by King's county, on
the south-west by Ciiarbilte counlv, on the north-enst
by the county of .Nortliumlierland, and on the north-
west hy the south Imundary line of Hurton lownship,
and by a continuation of the said line to the north-
east and south-west, until it meets the counties of
Northiimlierland and Charlotte rtsjH'ctively, was also
erected into one distinct and separate county, to be
called and known by the name of (jucon's County.

" And wherciLs by like letters patent, in like man-
ner since passed, another tract or district of land lying
within this Province, on both side the river Saint John,
bounded on the south west by Charlotte countv, on tho
north east by the county of Northumberland, on the
north west by the Province of Quebec, and on the south

[47]

('Alt by (Ii« nurlli iMiuiidiirir liiin of (tin (uwimiiiiiiif Muii- 1|
Kurviliti, mill liy lliti miIiI liiiu conliiiuml Id iIiii imrlli-
(■Miil till it iii«i>(> ilio wi!*liir>i IniiiimU of NiirtliiiiiilMT-
IhiicI i^iiiiiity, anil •oiilli-wott to ilic imniiTii ImuiiiU nf
thn ciiuiily ul' ClmrlDllit, wiii hIiui uri'i'tcil inln oiu' ilia*
tiiK't mikI MpurHln ciiiinly, tn Imi cullud Hiid known by
till! luiiiiii tii'tbu Oouiity of York.

" And wlipri'Ai liy like liittcr* (mli-nl, in like man-
ner tini'it |)uii»ihI, IIhi <:iiini(y iil' Sunliiiry Wiiii liiiiilpil
mid biiiindi'd on lIui niirlli>\vi'Nl liv ilio <'<>mity nl' Vork,
on ill*' norili-cuNt by Ilio roiiiily ol Noriliniiilu'rliiiid, on
Iliti toiilliH'iikt by (jiiitii'n niiitilv, niid un llic kniilii-
wuiit by ihu couiily ol' CliurUillii."

No. 21.

khnll till durnwd iho iHiuiidury line uf lliv cniinly of
NiirlliiiiiilH'rIiiiid, iiiid llii' ilividiiig Iliiu IkiIwi'VII lliut
iiiid (III! uiljoiiiing I'ounlivi.

No. 2:j.

Extract ffonx the Proiiinriat SIntuIrn of Srw Hninii-
wick, iTthUeo. Ill cap. 7. tnliliilnl, " An Act in '
adilition to an Act, for llie lirlleriiHcrrliiininif »nd
confirming thn bouniliiritH of tlir Hrvnol coiinlirn
within thin Province, anil for tubilividing them i
into Townnor PoriHhea," i

I. — " Un it rnncl'd by Ibo I/iuiiteniinl-Ciovprnur, jj
Ooiint'il mill ARM!inlily, lliut nil tlml Inirl nl'liiiiil in (In-
coutilv of Wt'idiiorliiiid, lii'){iiiiiiiitr liDi'm iliiiiiin piinI ol'
u rri'i'k iiliiiiil two iiiili!H Noiilli III' Mciiirnnii'ook rivor,
tliiMico iiiiithurly on tin* wi'kIitii line ol llm lown of
Siirkvill)! to Clii'diiir liarliniir, iiirluilinK lliu inlaiiil,
ibuni'ii wi'st on llic imrlli liiii) of miIiI county, iin I'lir iis
llio oust liiiuoriliu lown of Moiikloii, llioiin.- down xuiil
lino and tlio otiirr river I'Rtnidiiu-, to lliii first mpnlionpil
boundx, III) ono iliNtrii'l, lown or piirisb, distiiii;uii>licil
by tlio niiino of tliii lown uiid piirisli of Dort'lKistcr. Tlmt
nil lliiit Imct iif liiiid to tliii w«.«t of llio lown of Hiilii-
boruugli Hiiil Miinkl<<n,(!\liMiilin;; lliii wiilili of ibn Riimo
rounly, iih fur «h llio Porliifre, ImiIwim'ii Fulriidiiii' iiiiiI
Siilmon briHik, liu ono lown and piirisli, dlsliniriiisliril
Hnd known by llio town und pariitii uf Sulisbury.

2. — " And bo it fiirllior cnnctod, llint n lino diio
Miulli from tbo nortb ond of llio siiid I'orlii^o to iIm'
norlbvrn lioiindary of llio roniily of Siiint Jnlin, niiil from
tbo iwid iiortli oiid of tliii miid I'orlaso duo norlli lo llio
Miulliorn boiindury of tbo niiinly of Ni>rlliinnlM>rland, bo
llic dividini; lino bolwoen tlio roniily of Woslmiirliinil
and tbo ooiinlies of Kiiii?'s and Quocn'.«, any l^aw or
Ordiuunce lo llie contrary notwilbslandiiig."

Extract from the Provlnviul Slotulr of New 77runt-
it'ivlf, 7 (leor)fe IV. ctip. :i\, iiitiliitnl, " An Act
for the division of the count;/ of Sorthumtxrtand
into three counting, nnd to jiroridrfor the liovern-
tnent und rrprfntnlalionof thttwu newcountiet."

" Wliiroaii frmii llio nrral oxioiil of llio prP«oiil
niiiiily 'if Norlliiiiiiliorlaiiil, it in liiroitKary am! oxpo^
diunt tliat tliu Miinv Ihi dividod intoilirou iiniiiliofi.

1.— "llo it llifrol'iiro oiiiirlod by llio MimiIoiihiiI-
(■iivrriior, Coiinril iiiid A»Miiilily, lliat all llial purl nf
llic >.iid rounly wliiili now furiiiK lliu parinboH of Car-
Irlmi and W'ollin^lon, and mIhh lliat pari wliirh lion in
llio rrar iborci f and not inrliiilod in llio parisliin of
l.iidliiw, NoInoii IX C'luilliaiii, Ih! and llio ^alno in borc-
liy ori'i'lrd iiilii a iiiniily sopiiralo aial dislinol from ibo
Miiil rouiity of Niirtliiinibirlaiid, tolio lalloil and known
by llio iiamoof tlio oiuiu'v of Ki'iil,aiid ibiil all that ollior
pari of lliu Hiiid connly of Nuriliumliorland wliirli now
forms llio I iilioN of Saiiiniiri'Z and liorenforii, lio, ntiil
llin Niinu' i.s liorcby oroolid inloanollicr oounty M'paralif
und ili.stlnci fioin llio hM oimiiiIv of Norlliiiniborlanil,
III bo lallnl mill known I," llio iiamo of llio coiinly of
(■loiu'ONtor, ami ibal llio risidiio of llio smii connly of
Norlliuniliorluiid cunlinuo lo form ibu miiiiu counly.

6. — " And he it further exacted, that the town now
forming, on the southern side of the entrance of the
riverlieslif(ouehe, within the said count )i of illouces-
fer, sliall be called and known by the name of Dal-
houiie."

No. 22.

Extract from the Provincial Statute nf New Bruns-
wick, 13 Geo. Ill, cap. 4, intituled, " An Act
in addition to an Act, intituled, ' An act for the
better ascertainini; and confirminf; the boundarici
of the teveral counties within this Province, and
for subdividing them into Towns and Parishes.' "

I. — « Be it enaclod by tbe Liciifenant-Governor,
Council and Assembly, that a direct linn from the iiorlh-
west corner of tbo county of Westmorland, until it
meets tbo soulb-wcst brancb of Miramirhi river, wlicro
the Portage leading from llie river Nasbwaack now
joins Ibe same, thcnco by a line running north twcnly-
two degrees thirty minntos west by the true meridinn
from Ibe junction of the said Portage, with the said
south-west branch of the Miramichi as aforesaid, to the
Duutlierii boundary of the Province of Lower Canada,

No. 21.

E.ctract from the Provincial Statute of \ftv llrunii-
wick,'\st »'»//. / V. cap. 51), intilvleil " An Act for
the Division of the count)/ of Vork into two coun-
ties, and to provide for the ffiivcrnment and repre-
sentation of the new counly.^'

" Wliorcas from tbo great oxtoni nf Ibo present coun-
ly of York, it is necessary and oxpoilioiit that tlie saino
be divided into two counties —

I. — " Bo it llirroforo enaclod by the President,
Council and Assi-mlily, that all llial part of the said
counly which lies lo ibe northward and westward of a
lino commencing nl ibe monumont situate at the source
of tbe Chepulnoticoiik, and running by the true meri-
dian a due east course till it strikes Kel river, Ibenco
following tbo several cniir.sos of the siiid Eel river lo
its junction with tlio river Saint John, tboncc crossing
tbo said river Saint John, norlli forty five degrees east,
till it strikes Ibe division line between tbe county of
Nortliumbcrland and tbe said county of Y'ork, bo and
the Slime is hereby erected into a counly, separate and
distinct from the said county of York, and shall be calloii
and known by tho name im the counly of Carletun ; and
that the rcsiduu Iberenf which lies below tbo boundary
line of the said counly of Carleton, as is described in
this Act, shall comprise the county of Vork."

[.18]

No. 2r«.

llxirarl fiiim Ihr Profinriat SMutftnf New Rrunn-
wilk, llh Hi//. IV. riii>. :l."i, iiililiiUd, " An .1(7
In rihiUlinh ri hiiiiniliirfi lint hrlirrm Ihr iiiunlun
iif Wmlinorhml mul Siiiiil John, iimt IHiik'k ami

(^Hl'l'/l'* LOUIlliril."

" Whcrenii liy «n .\rl miiiln i»iiil |>n«iM d in (lie twt'nly
iii«vi'iilli yt'iir Dfllir rrii{ii i<( Ills .Nliij<'i>ly King (Miir|{i'
till' 'I'liiril, iiiiitnlnl, "An Ail in iiilililinn (luin Ai i (m
'- till' lii'iliT iio'irliiiiiiiiK iitiil i'<inlirinliii{ lliu iHiiincliirii'^
" III' till' Ni'vriiil ciiiiniiri williln tliin I'lovini't' iinil Ini'
" llii- Mil>iliviiliii){ ilii'm Miiii lowiix iinil iiiirMirn," ii i^i
(■imrti'il, lliiil II liiir iliii' xKiiili rrmn llic iinrlli rml iil'llic
l'iirlii)(i' Ih'Iwi'I'M I't'lic'iilliit anil Suliiinn lirmik (i> llic
mirllicrn liminiliirv nl' tlir roiinlv ul' ,S;iinl Joliii, iinil
friMn llii' iMilil niii'tli I'Mil i>r (li<^ Mill l'iirlii)(i' liui' limlli In
till' Hiiillii'iii iHiiiiiiliirv >>r llii' niiinly ul' .N'lirlJiiinilM'r-
l.ihil, III- llii'iliviiliiit; Iinil lirlwi'i'ii tlii- cuiinlii'K iil \Vi'«l-
morhiiiil mill KIng'.i iinil (jiifi'iiN riiij'ilii'K, iiny law or
oriliniini'o In llii' iiinlnirv imlwillifiliiniliii^, Anil wlx-rt'-
an iliiiilil.i I'xiiit iin In till' ii'irlli iiiil nriliii niiiil I'lirliiKi'i
hii't il is i>\|>i'ilii'iii III ili'linii till) ilivixiiui liiii' niiiri'
rli'iulv lii'twi'i'ii till' ciiiinlirH 1)1' WrHiiniirluniliinil Siiiiil
.!iiliii iinil Kiiig'ii iiiiil Cjiii'i'ii's ('i)untii'K, l>ir nini'ily
wliuri'iif —

I — " Dp it cniirlnl liy llin [.ii'iiti'nniit-Ciivi'rniir,
I.cgiKliili. (' roiini'ii mil .Aiuii'inlily, iliiit ii linu cntn-
nii'miiig III H liircli l.ii' "ii tin' nnrlli xlmrit of (liu liny
of Finiily, lliirty I'l.nini in tin; riistwuiil nrCiouM' riuT
mi ciiIIimI, llii>iiri> riillowin:; llii' linv run I'niln llir 'ill
liiri'li tri'ii tiy Ui'piily Survryur Slili'H in llir iiiiliiuin .
till! yt'iir line iIihuniiiiiI I'iKlit liiiniirrii iiiiii lliirly kIx,
n riMirsi' iiiirlli liy lliii in<ii;iii't of lli.il yi'iir, mul a |>rii-
longiiliiiti 'if Niii:li liiiu niirlliwnrilly until it inti'ryi'rl>
Ihu siiiitlicrn linuntlHry liiiu nf lliu county of Ki'iit or
NiirtliiiiiilH'iliinil, «s ilio t'OMt niiiy In', III' llm iliviiling
lino lii'lwi'i'ii llii' rountii'!! iif Wfslniiirhinil nnil .Saint
John mul King's iiiiil (juiM>n'itcounliii!i, any liiw or urili-
imnto tu tliu cunirury iiulwitiitHmliiig,

2. — " Anil Ik" it rnuclcil, lliiit all limits wliirh may
lii> to tlin I'lislwiiril »r llii> wiiil lini', ari<l wliirli lii'fori'
till* piissing of this Arl fornii'il a pari of llii! siiil roiinty
of Saint .lolin shall I.. ini:luilL'il in anil form a part of
till' tiarish of lI>i|H'Wi!ll, in Ihu coimly of WuMmoilanil,
lo all intents uii I iiur|ioM'» whalsocvur.''

I liu, Im>, mihI iIii' wnir in lirrrdy vrrclnl iiilo h rouniy,
I M>|NirHUi mill iliiiliiD'l I'nini llir rMnl toiiiily o<' Uli)m-««>

liT, lo Ul rtilli'il nnil known liy tlii* nnniti of ll.c rounty
' of Ki'ntigoiM'lH' ; mill lliMt jNirl nl' ihr |irriM-iit cuiiiily oi

(ilniii'1'i.ii'r, nol iiK liiilnl within iIm> limit* of llm sniiI

ni'w I'liiiniy iilmvt' ik'MTilH'il, iiIinII hviu'vl'iirlli cuni|iriM

lliu coiiiiiy of Uloui'u»ivr."

No, 27

!■:.

No. 26.

Extract from ttir Provincial Slatulfi of Xew Bruns-
wick, ttli mil. 4. cap. 57, intituled, " An Act lo
ercci part of the counlif of Glouctsttr into a
teparate and distinct county."

" WhiTons from tlie great extent of the prcucnt
county of Gloii('«slcr, it is nernssiiry anil ux|ii>ilient
that the same ho divided into two counties —

1. — " Be it thcroforo nnartcd by tlio IJuutcnant-Go-
vernor, Legishilivo Council and Asseinhly, that all
tliat part of the said liounty of Gloucester, which lies
to the northward and westward, and is included within
the line drawn due gontli, from the mouth of Bellilune
river until it strikes the lino dividing the parishes of
Beresford and Bathiirst in thu said ounty, thence wes-
torlv by the lino dividing the coun»'»s of Nnrthuml)er-
land and Gloucester until it strikes tho line dividing
the county of Carlcton from tho present county of
Gloucester, thence by said line a northerly course un-
til it strikes the line of the Province of Lower Cuna-

.ni net from thr Provincial Slalult of Sew Urunt-
wilk, -'(/ IK'/, inp. Ill, iuliliilril, " An Arl to di-
villi the ('oiiiil)i of Ht»tinouche into Jive Town*
or Parinhetfiind lo define the bvumlurit* Ihrrtof."

" Wherivis it is exiH-ilicnt lo divide iho County of
Iti'siigoiicliu iiiin livu Towns or I'Hrislit's —

I. — "111" il (•nni'ted iiy the f.irtilrnont-Govrrnor, I^-
gisliilivo Coiinril and Ansrmlily, ibnt the county of
Ki'slignuche uliall Ih) anil I ho same is hereby ditidrd
inin live Inwns or iwrislie >, which towns or parishes
kliiill be and hrri'hy are naniid and Ismnded in the
iiiiiiiner lii'ri'inafli" meiilioned imil di'M-rilird, any law.
In the ronlrary nolwilhslaiuling : — The first lowii or
|Nirish In Ih> called, knnwn, and dislingiiisht'd by lliu
nami' of Duibnrn, and lo lie abulleil and bounded as
follows: I'ommenring at tlio |Miin( or placn where llio
liim which separates the co'inly of Glniice^ler from llw
'} 'niinty nf ltes>igonche, strikes Iho Day <lu Clmleur,
ihenre fnlbiwing the course of the said Iwy northwest-
erly, iinlil it comes lo tlie mouth of Benjamin Itiver at
mill-channel, thence on ft course due siiutli until it
strikes the nnrlbem liuiindary of the county of (iloii-
cesler, thence by the Isiundnry of llie county of (ihiu-
cesler toihe |>hic« of lieginnini;. The stH'ond town or
parish In Is- called, known and distinguisbiMl by the
name of Colhorne, and li> !« abulleil and Isainifed an
foUows : commencing at tho nouth of Benjamin River,
at the western boundary of the parish of Durham
afnresiiid, thence fnllowing tie several courses of the
Bay do ('haleiir up ti Ihi' middle of the mouth of Ke!
river, including Heron Island, and the set oral island*
in front and situate on the south siile of the Bay do
Chaleiir, thence due south to the rear lino of the county
of Rest igniicbe, thence easterly by tho said rear line
until il strikes the western line of Iho parish of Dur-
ham aforesaid, and thence due norlh to the place nf
beginning. The third town or parish to be called,
known and dislinguished by tho name of Dalbousic,
commencing at Iho weslorn iKMindary of the said parish
nf CollKirnc at the mouth of Etl river aforetaid,
thence followins; the several courses of the Bay de
Chaleur up to the town of Dalhnusie, thence by the
several courses of the Resli/fouche river, up stream
to the middle of the mouth of IValker^a Brook or
FerKHSon'i Mill Stream, to vailed, thence by a line
drawn due south (throiigb the miikllo of the mouth of
the said stream at the bridge on tho great rnml) until il
strikes the rear lino of the county nf Resligoiicbo, ihenro
easterly by said rear line until it strikes tlie western
linn of the parish of Colhnmo aforesaid, and them^o due
north to the mouth of Eel river at the place of liogin-
nine. Tho fourth town or parish to be cullo<l, known
and distinguished by the name of Addington, comm«n<
cine at the middle of Walter's Brook, or Fergiisnn'e
Mill Stream, on the we.itern boundary of llic parish of
Dalhousie, M«nce following the several courses of
the Restigovche river, up stream, to the middle of
tlie mouth of the Upsalquitcho river, thence by a line
drawn due south until it strikes the roar line of the
county of Restignuche, tlience easterly by said rear line
until it strikes the western line of iJhe f aritli of Dal-

[40]

luMiiin iir<irp»iiiil, anil llicnrr iliin niirlh In (li« iiiiililln iif
Wiilkrr'a Hniok, »r K'crKiiaiMi'ii Mill Slrt'iitn Hliiri'iMiiil,
ut lli<> |iIh«i culli'il, knnwii mill ilioliiiKuiiliril liy llin iiiitiii' of
KliliMl, uiiil Ici III' iiIi'iIIimI mill liiMiiiili'il »• rulliiwii, rum-
liii'iirjii)( III ilii' wi'Kli'rIy linn «( llin mini piiri'ili uf Ail- '
ilill|{liHl, in llin nii<lilli>iil' llin in'Mllli ul' llii' |I|iiuili|nil- |
I'hr rivi>r Hrnri'Miil, tlit>iii'i> I'lillowini^ llin unvi'ml i
riiiirwi iif llin ItraliuniirliH river, ii|i »iri'Hni, nnhl il !
Mrikf* lliii PHHlrrii liuiiiiiliiry iiltlio iMiinly nl' Ciirli'iini,
ilii'iiri* Niiiiilinrlv liy ilii) mini I'linixrly linn III' (lit) (iMiiiiy

• ■r Oiirli'liin I'l llin rriir lini' nl lli Minly nl' Kn^li^mi-

rlif, llifinn rnllnwiii;; llm wiliI rniir linr iiiHlirly iiiilil il
inlt-mnt'lo IliM wi'«li'rii linu nf llm |iiiri<li nf AiIiIIiikImii '
Illnrt'Wiiil, Hinl llii'lici' lliin IMirlll In llin niiililln nl' llin
mnillll nf IImi llp»Mli|llil('llC rivnr, nl llin |iliirn ul' |h'-

giiiniiiff."

No. 28.

Orii;lmtl dmcriptlnn nflhr houmlurim of Ihr Coun-
Ur» of Norlhumhtrlanit umlt'ork, rxtroctrd frinn
tht LtHff$ I'altnt ullin/f off Ihoie Ci)unliti,
unilrr the (irtat Sial of the Provinct of yew
ttruMteick,

COUNTY OK iNOllTlllJMnHIU.ANl).

■RccTRi) ioth jumb, nuri.

" Bnnnilnil mnilhnrly liy ihn roiinly of Wp«lmnm-
IhdiI, emtlnrly liy llic (jinll'iif SiiinI I.iiwrrnnn iinil liny
iIlm CliHlciirn, nnrllinrly liy tlin nnid liiiy iinil llio Miiiilinrn
bniin(l»ry of llio I'nwinin nl' (JnnlH'i!, iinil wnMnrly by
a riinlinunlinn nr llin wnvlorn buuiiilury line nl' lliu ituid
cuuiity of Wcstmnrelniid." ,

COUNTY OF YORK.

■mECTBD 25th JULY, 1788.

" noiinilwl on llio iontli-wciit by Clinrlollo cniiiity ;
nn ihB norili-flnm by lli« tunnty of Nnrtbumborliiml ;
on llie niirth-wiml by Iht- I'rnviii'ce of Qiiebir ; hiiiI on
tlin 8niitb-eaf<t by llio nnrtli bnuniUry linu of lliu lowii-
ship of MBgorville, uiul by the miiil line lonliniieil lo
the nitrlh-t'iutt till it inools (lio wnMlorn bniin(U of Nnr-
thurnhvUnil rnnnly, nnil noulh-wcst to iho fiwlfrn
buunili of the cnuiily of Churlultv."

I coriifv llio forejininR to bu Iriin rnpicsof llie roconl
In the Secrelury'n ollice of the leltem jHlent ntltiiig oH'
tho couulioii f Norlhuniborland anil York.

Tlie bounilarios of theno cminlios thus crccteil were
ronfirmed by Act of Assembly 26tb Geo. 3. cap. I.—
Paued anno 1780.

(Signed,) Wm. F. Odell,

Provincial Secretan/,

New Brunswick.

VW.V MAKAWAHKA.

Sliitrtiifnl rimrrrninif thr fit/ Miiiliiwiiiikti, rxiract-
nl J'liiin the Jirtt itnlnnnil on th» piirt i>J' (irmi
IliUiitit, in Ike rrj'rrtm-r imidr uinlrr the bth Arli.
de oj the Treaty <{/ Uhtnt.

" In llin Hriliiili M'piiriiln Iritiixripl nf llin imip iili*
ni'M'il In llin rnnvi'lilinii nniliT llm iliriniiilliiiliiili nl Ilia
liiii|i A (iiiiip H III llim Ki'jmrl) llinm will \m prrniivnil,
llliirknil III urnnii, (mil Ml llin niiip li lllllirlii'il In llim
|{n{hiil) II Inn I III' rniiiiirv iiilniilnii nn i|ii< Mmliiwiiiika
rivnr mill llin l.iikn 'i'niiii«i|ii;ilii, iil ii nIiiiiI ilj>liiiii'u
riniii llin rivnr Siiiiil Jnlin, 'I liiil ilmlricl, liiiil ilnwn
iH'rnrilini; In tlii> iiimil imiiriiln inniiiiiiri'riii'iil I'liniiili'd
nil ibn iliH iiinniiliiry iiiitlinr'lv linrrlniirinr n|in<'ilinil iiinl
Hiini'Hinil, rn|>rnM'iilii n pnrllnii nf lirillnry lii'iinminiilnd
llin " Fiff i\f Mmluwiithi" which wiin nriKiiiHlly
Krunlnd ill llin yniir lUHj, (lliiil in, t-ighl yniiiii prinr to
llin iliiirlnr nf Mini«nrliiiiii'll'i« Hiiv) In u I'mncli mibjoi'l,
by lliK (iuvvrnnr of Cuiiuilu, which wan tlinii a French
I'rovincu.

" Tbnl I'rnvinro rnmiiirinil mibjrrl In Frnnrn, frnm
lliiit |H>rlnil iliiwii In tlin tear I7(>j, nl which linm llio
wlinin nf tlin Frnni'll pnKMiMiinnii ill lliMl p.irl nf Nnrlh
Aiiinrii'ii wnrn ilnlinllivrly cndnil by n Trniily In (irnnt
liriluin. DiiriiiK llint eiitim |M'rinil, hnwnvor, unit
iliiwii In tlin prnnnnt diiy, llm Fief nf Mudiiwukkn, in
Npiln nf iill Irnn^ifnrii, whnlhnr nf ilin I'rnvinrn i(nnn>
rnlly frniTi nniinn lo imlinii, or of iiM^f iiiiliviilimlly
rrnni liniiil In hniiil, lin> priMTvod ilN inilividiiiility un-
ilnr llm oriniiuil uranl ml liiin cnimUinlly bnnn, .mil
il al thin niniiiniil, siil>j> < i lo the juriMliclinn of Canada.

" In priHifol the iicciirnry nf thin HMnrtlnii, wo rcfnr
to the Hiinnxnil pa|i('rii, niimbcrnd fmin 13 In Ut iinln.
nive. (from I to 13 in Ap|iciidiK No. UU lo ihit Ku-
port.)

Tho firnit of llinw pniwrn, mnrknil 13 (1) coniniiia
ihn nriKinnI urnnt of tmil tnrritory in KiHJ, Tlio
nlhnrn displny the xnccnioiivo dncls nf Irnnsfnr iind nrta
nf liirlMlictinn (•xerciiinil over il in Cainiilu, frnm tliul
pnriiHl In the ynnr, 1802 ; niiiro which limn the lief
hiM rumainnd in possuNtiion of tho name occupuiit.*

" Horn, tliorofnrn, oxiiU an fixlensivc posMwiion in>
ciinlcsiublv Canadian, Imhl by virtun nf the i-igbl.i do-
rivnd to Cirniit Hriliiiii, frnm tho ccuNinn lo hrr of Ca-
nulla by Fr:incn, fnr within tho Lino of Bouiulury
claimed by tho United Stales, as having formed ])urt of
the Province of Massaclniiclts Bay.

" Now, on what possiblo ground can the United
Slates, who, in preferring their claim in 1782 lo terri-
tory ill this quarter, professed lo adhere to the clinrler
of Massncbusells Hay, now lay claim to territory which
was granted to a French subject by a French Gover-
nor of Canada, before the existence nf the charter of
Mnssnchiisctts Bay, nnd which bus always formed an
integral portion of Canada, whether hold by Franco
or Great Britain.

" But not only does tliis interposition of territory,
unifuettionahly Canadian, invalidate the claim of the
United Stales, as fniinded on the charier of Massachu-
sott's Bay, but it also, wlicn considered under another
point of view, totally breaks down (heir argument res-
pecting the lino of highlands claimed by them, for it
disables iImmr highlands from fullilling the distinctive
condition required of thorn by tho Treaty of 1783, na-

* It has since been sold to on American Company.— A. W,

[50]

nirlv, lliiit tlivy sliiill tlivido tlio rivers falling; into tlic
Saint Lnwrohci' from lliosi- wliicli fall inlotlit* Allunlif

Hrunswick. Tlie jilea whs rijtictcd on vuriiius

.••■■iii •^...^.v..,. - j ((ruuiulii, amongst otlicrii, nbM'nrc ol' priMil' on the pirt

Oi'PHn. Amongst tlicsu liitlcr wo liavo M-un thai the i of thu iliil'undanls tliat Maduwaiiku ''.us not williin

I llai jtiriwliciion of Canada; uik! liiu dufcndanli were

I cast accordingly.

Unili'il Statcii include the livcr Saint John.

" On conxultin;; again tlic Kritish tranM^ript of the
map A ( B) it will lie s'.hmi l!iul th- t'lcf orMiidawaska ex-
lends from near the sources of tli(! river Madawaska lo
within a linv miles of the river Saint John, of which
it is '.he prii:<'i[ial tributary in that quarter.

" Wo ronceive that it will liardiy bo pretrialed,
that the seignlorv of Mailawaska could liiive been con-
liiilered, at tlie (leriiKl of the origin.il grant, as an ijisu-
lated portion of I'anada, totally disunited from thai
I'riiviiice. We therefure assume thai the Province of
(lanada exti'mled, at Iho |Kriod of the original grant
of the lief of Ma(la\va'<ka, nninlerru|iledly, from Ih--
yond the line of boundary now claimed by the I'liileil
Stales, ab)ng ihc Madawaska river, to the entire ex-
tent of Ihi.t seigniory. Hut assuming this to lie the
case, it is manifest that the Anii'riean Hue must, at the
point towards the source of Madawaska, ex|ierjence
an absolute cluisui, — a coiii|ilele inleri-eplioii, by the
interposition of that , trtioii uf Canada. |

" But how would such a line fulfil (he conditions of
the trealv ? It wouhl cerlaiidy in thai case, neither
nm along higldands, nor would it divide rivers falling
into the Saint Law rcpce from rivers lallinc; into the
allanlic ; sinco tlic upper part of the MMilawaska
would undoubledly be on the same side of the line
with all the riveis which fall into the Saint Lawreme.

" Hut without entering it\to arguments which miclil
be derived from oilier sources, lo shew \i lial the
general boiimlary line of ("aiiaila w.is, wo niav fairly
assert, that the simp'e fact if the lief of Madawaska
baviiig been originally granted and iiivariablv held
imiHT the juriMlielion of t'anaila, whellier Friiuh
or Knulish, g.ies far lo warrant the conclusion that
the whole tract of <ciuntry in which that fief lies,
was alwavs considered and treated by the anilioritios
of ('anada as an integral portion of that Province.

" Upon such assumption or assertion alone, liow-
evtr, whatever may be its justice or slreni;;li, we do
not propose to reit our argument. That the coiinlrv
has been .so consideri'd aid treated is demonstrable
from dii'uimenlary evidence of an eipially eoiiclu>'i\e
character with that already adduced on behalf of the
lief of Madawaska. To that evidence we according-
ly ap|)eal.

"On the Ullh of .iTnnary, 1705, a public notice,
liereuiilo anni'xed, was issniil by the ollice of the !
Provincial Secretary in Canada, and published by
aiilliorilv, according to custom, in the Queiiec (Jazetle, j
bv which notice all Canadian iiili!.bilanls were a
pmhihiied from interfering with the hunling ground 1
of the Indians down to the (ireat Falls of the rive a
Saint John. ^

" Again, on the lltli of Xnvetnber, 17SI, that is,
but one year siibseipnnt t ■ thi' treaty of 17S.'5, r.n
Indian was condiMnned by the courts of Canada, and
executed for a murder committed at Madnwn-ka.
The documents containing an account of this pro-
ceeding are hereto aimcxed.

" Agrin, in Iho year 1789, proceedings were com-
menced in a court at Quebec and continued to the
30th of January, 1791, in an action for damages
brought against Aui;ustin Diibe and Pierre Duperfi,
residing at Madawaska, in which the defendants put
in a plea against the jurisdiction of the court of Que-
tiec, alleging that tliey resided within that part of Now

" Again, on the lOlli of November, 1791, a shcrilTii
notice WHS published in the ({ucIh'c (lazetle for the
s<ile of lands of the said Pierre I)u|iere, at Mada-
waska, apparently in execution uf the Judgment in
the last mentioned case.

" Again, in 17H5, the council of Qnehoc look into
coiisidcrali'in the expediency of making a road from
Kainouraska in the Saint Lawrence, io lake Temis-
ipiala, ah ng that district called the TemiM|uatu Por-
tage, in order, as it is stated, lo obtain an easy anil
speedy communication between the Proviiais of
Canada and New Hnmswick, '■ particularly in time of
'• war, when an easy and speedy communication, inde-
" pendent of the Slates of .Vmerica, liecomes absolutely
'■ necessary, and when, in times of peace, i.om the in-
" convcniencu of .sending governincnt and oilier des-
" patches by way of New York, which is e. cry day
" more appareiiljthe .Vmerican Postmaster having lately
" refused the Postmaster deneral here (at Queliec), to
" allow the Couriers from this Provinie lo puss
'- through lliuir territories, insisting that all letters shall
" go by their mails only."

" .\gaiii, in '**<7 — 1 79 J, the ouestion of the res-
prclive boundaries of Canada an.) the then newly erecl-
el Province of Xcw Hrunswiik * was brought before
the Ciiiiiicil of (Quebec. The paper which ('ontains an
account of the proceedings thereupon is highly valuable
and imporlani, especially as proving that whatever dis-
putes may have existed Is tween the respective British
Provinces as to their se>eial limits, not the .smallest
doubt .seems to have been ever entertained by them aj
to the rii;lit of Creal Britain lotliu whole territory thus
contested between the Provinces.

" In this document it is shown, that for several years
prior lo 179:ilhe goverimient of <:anaila had established
a militia at Madawaska, and ll.at the Courts of Quebec
had cxercistMl jiiri.sdiclion in various casi'S withiu that
settlement. It will also bo seen therein, that, in op|H)-
sition to the claim set up at that time by New Bruns-
wic!-: Ill ;i i nuiid.iry north of lake Temisipiata, Iho
ciMtimitiec nf the i./Ouncil of Quebec contended that
such b.iimdiiry would interfere with " the seiifneuriet
" iiwirr (Mnmlian grants as fur liack as the yean
" IG.!.) anil 1G83, l)esiile.t the Acadians settled
" cbone the (ireat Falls of Saint JoAn's river."
The report of the comniiltee proccds thus: — " The
" ci.mmittee most humbly submit to your Lordship,
" whether it would not be for the advantage of both
" gdvernmenis, that the Province of (Jiiebec be separat-
" ed from that of New Brunswick hii a line running
" a/on^ the hiifhUinils which exitr.tl from the head of
" (^hiileurs Ra;/, to the fool nf ihe Great Fall of
" Saint John\i river, and from thence crossirg the
" river (so as to include the whole of the portage or
" carrying place) anil continuing in a straight line
" towards the sources of the river Chaudiere, which
^^ rixe nnthe hiuilands that tommet>ce at the said
" head of the Bai/ of Chaleurs, and extend all the
" wai) In the north westernmost head of Connecti-
" cut river.'" This opinion clearly show, ."hat con-
ccpti^T was at tliat time entertained by the Canadian.

♦ f?.iliRe|ueiilIy to llie treaty of 17R.1. Ilie PritiBh Province
nf Nova '<i'(ili;i WHS iliviilcil into twii Hi'piiritte I'rovl ii'ch, of
wliii-h llie oiii> reliiiiied iiM furiiie' name, anil the oili t. em-
liriiriii!; llif lirilisli territory in ihe vii-inilv <if the ill e north
line, mill the iiiljiirent piirts nf Ihe iilil I'roviiice uf Nova ijcotio,
received the uume of New ijrunewick.

[51 ]

liu
lu-
liii

..f

aiitlioritivx, rc!i|MM:tini; llin limindiiru-.s of ('anntlii unci :
Niiva Sciiliii, liiu Nulisc(|iiiMit piirt of tin- saiim (lii<:ii-
iniMit, it is ili.slini'lly sliitvd llial at tliiit tiiiii.> (in IVJi,) '
" 1I115 linn lii'twi'i'ii (liii Iwii I'roviiici'.s of ('aniMla and
" Now Hniiiswick, Imil not lict'ii asccrlninccl," and it
WiLt then lliu di'i'lariMl oljji'Ct of lliu ('anadian pncrn- 1
im^nt, " to call lliu allcnlion of His M.ijcsly's Miirhlors 1
" l(> the adjiistmi'Mtof llir limits ncii'ssary for [iruiU'rvin); 1
" tliu [lublic trani|uilily uf Ixitli IVuvinccs," i

" Again, in 1791, nn otncial list \vn» mndr out of the '
parishes in tlio I'rovini-i! of (inclii-r, in whiili list llic pa-
rish of Madawaska is inclndi'd, and a di'sciiplion u;ivcn I
Iff the spBrics of ti.'nure hy which the scltlcrs liidd ihcir
land, and a I'l-nsus of the nialo |iopululiun, aliove I!)
veRrti of uge, is also thereto annexed.

" The nliovo cited series of docnments (dearly esla-
hlishes Canadian jiirisdirti<in, as far as the (ircat Falls
of tlie Saint Jidiii, for a h)iii; period, Imth heliire and
since tlie lreal> of HftJ, and thereiiy further negatives
the Amerinin claiin ti> tiiis connlry, as founded on tiie
luppuscd limits of Massiichus.s<'''s ISay.

" Furthcritirtre tliero cuii bo shown, from Americiin
testimony, n f/p/ricfo possession hy (Jreat Hrilain of
the (list. i I, called the fladiiwaska srtth.'ment, on the
river Saint John, lieginnin); n few miles aliove the
ttreat Falls, and ext^'iidiiii; lieyond the cimniienee of
the river Muduwaska with the Saint .lohn, which pos-
session was never calliid in tpiestiun hy the I'nited
Stales until the termination of the war hetween Great
iirituiu and thu United States, in 1814."

No. 30.

List of 13 ilocument3 concerning the fief Miulit-
W(i»ka, contained in the British written and
printed evidence adduced under tlie 5/A article of
the treaty of Ghent.

1st. — Concession of tho fief of Madawnskn to the
children of the Siour de la (,'h(!naye, iaih Novem-
ber, 1G8;J, and concession to the siiid Sieur (hi la
Chenave, and to the Sieur de V'illerny, of land lying
betw(!eii their former concessions, .'ilh April, 1()89.

2n(I. — Adjnlication of the fiefs of Rivi^ro du I oup and
Madawaska to .loseph Hlondcau dil la Franchise,
29th October, 1709.

3rd. — Act of" Foi el Hotnmage,''' by Joseph B'ondeBu
for the fiefs of Rivii;re du Loup and Madawaska,
13th February, 17U3.

•Uli. — Avon ct Dcnombrcment by Joscpii RIondcau,
15th February, 1723.

.5t:;. — .\djudication of the fiefs of Rivi("^ro du Loup and
Madawaska, to Pierre Claverio, 29th July, 1755.

"til. — Act of" Foi el Hommage" by Pierre Clnve-
ric, for the fiefs of Riviere du Loup and Madawaska,
19th March, 1756.

7th. — Receipt for Domanial Dues for the fiefs of Ri-
viere du Loup and Madawaska, 8th May, 1756.

8lh. — Deed III SalehyJ. A. N. Dandammo Danseville,
and his wilii (the widow of I'iei.u Claverie) to
Jana-'s Murray, ^'Oth July, 1763.

9th. — Deed of Assigmnent dated 2nd August 17(i8,
by Richard Murray to Malcolm Fraser, of an Inth'U-
lure of lease, dated Kith May, 1766, riade hy James
M 'rray to the said Richard Murray and Malcolm
Fraser, and an lnd(MUure of lease of the said (lenerat
James Murray to Henry (Caldwell, dated 7th April,
177 1.

l()lh. — Lease from Ilenr) Caldwell, to Malcolm Fraser,
2 Ilh Seiilemher, 17S2.

lllli — Confirmation before a Notary, 27lh December,
1781!, of L( ase from Henry Caldwell, to Mulcolm
Fraser, 2 lib SeptemU-r, 1782.

12. — Deed of Sale, from the trustees and cxerntors o|
JaiiHis Murray, lo Henry ,(^aldwell, 21st June, 1802.

13. — Deed of Sale, by H Miry Caldwell to Alexander
Fraser, 2nd August, 1802.

No. 31.

SOUTHKUN nOUM)AUY OF CANADA.

Extract from the Minutes of the Executive Council
of the Province of Quebec, i)th July, 1787.

" Monday, 9th July, 1787.

" Present.

" His Excellency tho Right Honorable Guy, Lord
Dorchister, Governor; the llonorahle i/cni'i/ Hopi\
esquire, Lieutenant Governor ; VVillam Smith C. .1.
I.e CiiMipto Dupri!', Hugh Finhi', Fdward Harrison,
(ieorg(! Pownall, J. C C. Do l..cry, Henry Caldwell,
William Grant, P. R. De St. Curs, Francis Uahy,
cMjuires.

" Ilis Lordship intimated the propriety o/nscertat/i-
t'jiff the limits hetween this and the Province of
NewBrunswick, and that ihe Surveyor General of thai
Province, would soon meet Mr. Holland for that pur-
pose, and as it was absolmely re(piisi|e towards open-
ing and suslaining the land communication lietween
th"! two Provinces, that the lands on both sides of it
should be si'ttled, his Lordship proposed, and the coun-
cil concurred in aullHiriislng Mr. Holland to give assur-
ances to all persons desirous to settle there, and espe-
cially the Acadians in that vicinity, of the favora-
ble intentions of this government to issue grants in
their favor, for three hundred acres, to the head of
every family, out of the waste lands of tho Crown in
that (|.mrter ; and it is for that purpose rccrnimended
to them to explore ihe jilaccs fit for cultivation on both
sides of the route, ond apjily, by petition, in the usual
course, for grants to be made agiecable to the Royal
instructions."

!■:»

[52]

No. 32.

Extract from the Minutts of the Ejcccutivc Council
of the Province of Quebec, Ith Auguat, \'i'J2.

" Snturclay, lili Auijiist, 179^.
" At the Council Clinmbcr in liie Hisiiop's Pulacv.

" PRESENT.

" His Exccllpncy Major GLiierul Clarke, Licutcnant-
(iiivcnior.

" And IJio llonoraiili- William Sniillr, Es<niircs.
" UniiU Kinlay, "

" Fnuu'ois llaliy, "

" Read tlio memorial of A|and M. Roliitliaud, dated
(lie 8tli June, HO'J.

" Read a Report of llie Coiniiiittee of Council,
appoinleil to consider the bouiuturi) biiwren the Pro-
rincen of Qi ebec and Xew Urunswick, and the
means of encouraging the coninninication and set-
tlement of the lands in that vicinity, dated lath
October, HHT.

" R":!d a jiidijment of ilic Court of Common Pleas,
dated 15tli February, 179:;.

" Read the Report of the Solicitor General and
Surveyor General, dated Quebec, 2iltli .luly, 179^.

" Ordered that these papers be entered upon the
Minutes, and it is humbli) suggested b ; the Board,
that it may be eipedienl to transmit >pirs to the
Lieutenant-Governor ,if the Proving of New
Brunswick for his o-optrating in representations
to call the aflention if His Majesty's Ministers to
the adjustment of the limits necessary for preserv-
ing the public tranquility on the borders of both
Provinces."

THE MEMCIPIAL 07
A. & M. UOr. ICIIAUD.

" A son Excellence Allured Clarke, Ecuuer,
Licutenant-Gouverneur el Ccmmandant en Chef
de la Province du Has (fnuda, Major General,
Commandant Ics Fores de sa Majesti dans
VAmiri'fUe du Nord, ^-c. S,-c. ^c.

" .lofiuelc d'Anstdme et Michel Roliichaud, Mar-
rhands, demeurauls ;"i la lliviero rfes Caps, Comto de
Cornwallis, Province du Has Canada, representant
tri's bumblcment.

" S'il plait a Votrc Excellence,

"Que depuis plus do (juinze ans ils ont constammcnt
commerce avec les habitaiis de Madawaska, et par
diverges licences du District de Quebec, tra'to avec
Ics Sauvages sur les frontiers, mcine dans une nartie
de la Colonic du Nuuveau Brunswick, et (pi'ils ont
acquis une terre au dit lieu de Madawaska, et fait des
credits considerables.

" Qtte le gouvernement de Qiiibec ayant dppuis
plusicurs annees 4tabU des milices <} Madawaska,
et la Cmir des Plaidoyers Communs du District de
Quibec, prononcee plvaieurs jugemcnsy mime d6-

cerm des executiims en Icur faveur contre diverses
personnea domicilieea au dit lieu de Madawaska,

ils esjieroiciit a\oir justice et satisfaction, luais (pi'au
coinniencenient de May dernier, 'I'liomas Coslin, w
ilisant Kcuycr, .lucre n Paix pour le Nuuveuu liruii-
swick, a liiil eliri^ a la pluralite des voix, dans une as-
semblee des habitants, de nouveaux olliciers d(! Milice a
Madawaska, el pronuncu une amende contre Anselme
Robicliaud, I'un iles suppliants, pour avoir fait i^iisir
<les nieubles do F'raiu^'ois .Vibert a Madawaska,
i|uoi(|uVn vertu d'un execution sur jugemenl du Dis-
trict t\ii Quebec.

" Qu'en outre Jacptea Cir, Lieutenant de Milice
(tabli par le gouvernement de Quebec, i{iim[w muni
, de I'ordre iI'e\ecution de justice, a etc'' arriMe prison-
nier par un seri;ent des troujx'sdu Sa Mi'ieslt'' et ipiatre
soldals, ipii I'lUit conduit environ (juinze lieues au
Grand Saull, on il a ('■le oblige de payer dix livres
treize shillins pour recourer sa lik'rte.

" Et comme les suppliants, n'onf pu appretidre
de VElat Major des Milices de Quebec, ni de John
Collins, Ecuyer, Depute Arpenteur General, nidu
dit Thomas Costin soil diaant Juge d Paix, oil
peiivenl avoir et6 poses les bornea de la Province
sin' la lig<ie, lel'd (|irindi(|uee par le slatut de la I4c
annee du regno de Sa Majeste, et comnienl Ic change-
meiit de gouvernement pent ainsi s'opcrer, ct alin
d'oblcnir justico dans I'une ou I'aulre Province, ils
supplient Ifi's liumblement votre F.xcellerH'e, de lexir
J'uir conno'itre, s'il est possible, les homes de le Pro-
vince duBas Canada, vX de prendre, avec le gouverne-
ment du Nouveau Brunswick, les mesures ipie sa sa-
gesse lH'Ut adopter, pour t'viter la ruine des sujiplianis
et <li's autrcs lidels sujets de Sa Majesir', ipie Vigno-
rance des limites ct de prreilles ainendes ou forces
peuvenl occasioncr.

" Et les sup|)liants jar inclination, commc par de-
voir, no cesseront de ]]rier, &c.

" QuclHic, 8 Juin, 1792.

" INDORSED.

" Referred to the Solicitor General and Surveyor
General for a verification of facts in due form and
report.

" By order of His Excellency the Lieutenant-
Governor.

" (Signed,) Thomas Aston Corns.

" Quebec, 18th June, 1702.

PAPERS

REFERRED TO THE

COMMITTEE OK COUNCIL.

Boundaries of the Provinces of Quebec, Nova
Scotia, and New Brunswick, extracted from His
Excellency Lord Dorchester'a Commissions, as
Captain General and Governor in Chief of the
said Provinces.

'« aUKBEC.

" Comprehending all His Majesty's tcrtitorics, is-
lands, ami countries in North America, bouniied on the
south by a line from the Bay of Chalcurs, along thu

[53]

highland!) wliicli dividit tlin rivvrs tiint umply tlicinscl-
vos into tlir river SiiinI LiiwriMici!, rrotii tliDsn wliiili
ThII inli) (lie iitlimlic occiiii, lit ticu iiortli-wcsternrncwt
licild (il'llio CDlinccliciil river ; tlieiiee iIkwii aluiij^ the
midille of (lull river, lo the liirly tilth ih'ijree of nor' 'i
lutitiide ; t'roiii thence liy ii lliiu due west on x.ild lati-
tude until it stril<es the river Iroquois or CiiliM.ii|uy ;
thence uloiip; the middle or.siiid river into Inki! Ontario,
llironi^li the middle of said lake iiiitil it strikes the eotn-
miiiiication liy water lietween that lake and lake Erie,
through the middle uf .said lake until it arrives ut tliu
water cotninuiiicntion between that lake and lake
Huron ; tla-iire uhn'f the middle of said water cominn-
nicatiim into the lake Huron ; thence Ihrongli the middle
of said lake to the water communication hetween that
lake and lake Su|iorior, thcnre throuc;h lake Superior
northward of the Islt'S Royal and I'hillipeaux to tlu?
Umfr Inki! ; thence throuij;h the middle of saii! loni; lake i
and the water conununitatioii lietween It and the lake i
of the Woods, to the said lake of the Woods : thence '
through the s;ii<l lake to the most north-westm |K)inl
thereof; and from tiieiicc on a due west course to the
river Mississipi, and northward to thi; snutherii liounda-
ry cf the territory granted to the merchants, adventures
of England trading to Hudson's liay, and also all
such territories, islands and countries, which have,
since the tenth of Kehruary, one thousand seven hun-
dred ond sixty three, iH.'eii made port of the government
of Newfoundland, together with all the rights, mem-
bers and appurtenances, whatsoever, tiier-Junto belong-
ing."

"NOVA SCOTIA.

" Bounded on the Westward by a line drawn from
Cape Sable across the entrance to the centre of the l!ay
of Fundy, to the northvi-ard by a line along the centre
of the said Bay to the mouth of the Musquat river, by
the said river to its source, and from thence by a due
east line across the Isthmus into the Bay Verte, to the
eastward by the said bay and the gulfof SaintLawrencc
to the cape or promontory called Ca|)e Breton, in the
island of that name, including the said islands, the
island of Saint John, and all other islands within six
leagues of the coast ; and to :',i ■•o'lthward by the
atlantic ocean from the said cap- to ine Cape Sable |
aforesaid, including the island of that name, and all
other islands within forty leagues of the coast, with all
the rights, members and appurtenances whatsoever
thereunto belonging."

"NEW BRUNSWICK.

" Bounded on the westward by the mouth of the
river Sainte Croix, by the said river to its source, and
by a Un". drawn due north from thence, to the southern
boundary of the Province of Quebec ; to the northward
by the said boundary as far as the western extremity of
the Bay des Chaleurs ; to the eastward by the said
bay and the gulf Saint Lawrence, to the bay called
Bay Verio ; to the south by a line in the centre of the
Bay of Fundy, from the river Sainte Croix aforesaid,
to the mouth of the Musquat river, by the said river ;
to its source ; and from thence by a due east line across '
the Isthmes into the Bay Verte, to join the eastern line
above described, including all islmuls within six
leagues of the coast, with all the rights, members, and
appurtenances, whatsoever thereunto belonging. "

lioup.iidrien of the United States of America in the
vjordt of the second article of the Definitive Treat if
of I'eace and Friendship between Ui.i Britannic
Majest)/ and the f'nitfd Slaten of America.
Sif;ncd at Paris, the 3rd i-itf.::'vber, 1783.

" 2nd. — And that all disputes which might arise in
future on the subject of the boundaries of the said
I IJiiileil Stales may be prevented, it is hereby agreed
I and declared, that the following are and shall bo their
j boundaries, viz : from the north west angle of Nova
I Scotia, viz : that angle which is formed by a line drawn
I due north from the source of Sainte Croix llivcr to the
highlands, along the said highlands which divide those
rivers that empty themselves into the river Saint
l^awrence from those which lall into the atlantic
ocean, tc the north westernmost head of the Connec-
ticut river ; thence down along the middle of that
river to the forty-iil"tli degree of north latitude ; from
thence by a line due west on said latitude until it
strikes til" river Iroipiois or Catarnquy ; theiice along
the middle of slid river into lake Ontario ; through
the middle of said lake unlil it strikes the communi-
catiiMi by watnr be'weeii that lake and the lake Erie ;
iheneo along the middle of said communication into
lake Erie ; through the middle of said lake until it
arrives at the water comtnunication between that lake
and hike Huron ; thence along the middle of said
water communication into the lake Huron ; thence
through the TTiiddIo of said lake to the water communi-
cation liolwoen that lake and lake Superior ; thence
through lake Superior northward of the Isles Koyal
and I'hilipeaux to the long Lake ; thence through
the middle of said leig Lake and the water communi-
cation between it and the lake of the Woods, to the said
lake of the Woods ; thence through the said lake to
the most northwestern point thereof, and from thence
on a duo west course to the river Mississipi ; thenco
by a line to be drawn along the middle of the said river
Mississipi, until it shall intersect the northernmost part
of the thirty lirst degree of north latitude ; south by a
line to bo drawn due east from the determination of the
line last mentioned, in the latitude ofthlrty one degrees
north of the Equator, t) the middle of the river
Apalaeliicola, or Calal lie ; thence along the middle
thereof to its junctio li ilie Flint river ; thence

straight to the liead ol ■... i' Mary's river, and thence
down along the middle m Sainte Mary's ii\cr to the
atlantic ocean : cast by a line to be drawn along the
uiidiile of the river Sainte Croix, froni •■ nouth in the
Bay of Fniiili to its source, and from ns sourie directly
north to the aforesaid highlands, which i' ' ide the
rivers that fall into the atlantic ocean, from tliose
which fall into the river Saint Lawrence, comprehend-
ing all islands within twenty leagues of any part of the
shores of the United States, and lying between lines tc
lie drawn due east from the points where the aloresaiil
boundiiries betwc^en Nova Scotia on the one part, ani
East Florida on the other, shall respectively touch the
Bay of Fiiiidv and the atlantic ocean, excepting such
islands as are now, or heretofore have been, within
the limits of the said Province of Nova Scotia."

Copy of His Excellency Lord Dorchater^s In-
structions to Mr. John Holland.

" (Copy.)

« Quebtx, 9th July, 1787.

" Sir, — ^Yo\i will be pleased to accompany Mr.
Finlay totheGreat Falls on the river Saint John, in
order tu assist in marking out the boundary between

[ i-^l ]

(lie Proviiitt's of (iMi'liec nntl New Uriinswiik, wIhtc
it crosses llii- road "f aimiiiuni' iilioii belwceii these
two I'roviiiees, in siuli a iniimier tliiil llie liiiiils iit liie
ilill'erent e,irr\ mi; places, and tliii>ui;liout tlie whole ol'
the sail! coiiriMiiiicalion, on liolh sides, may ')e grunted
liy (III! respective governiiiunts without delay.

" Yim will there meet the Surveyor (leneral of the
I'rovime of New IJrunswiek, or some other person or
persons authorized hy the 1 jeiilenant-tiovernor of the
said I'rovince, in conrerl wilh whom and Mr. Fiiilay
you will proceed upon ihiil Imsiness.

" You will be guided therein hy the inclosed descrip-
tions of the houndaries of the l'rovinc>s of Ciuehee,
Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, extracted from ni\
I imuiissions as (lovenior thereof, to which is likewise
.iddetl the desc-'i'.ion of the houndary of the I'nited
Stales, laker, from the delinitive treaty, for your in-
formation.

"• The liiv.indarv eslaUlislicd, yon will neglect no o|>-
portimilv of assuring all |iersons desirous to settle (Oi
Ihi.'i Mile of it, ami pitrtiailarli/ the Acatlianii in lliat
ficinitif, of liie good dispositions of government in their
lavour as expressnl in the inclosed ntimue of council,*
which you will coinmunica'e to them leaving copies
thereof with some of the people for their sal'sfaction.

" Such spots as Mr. Finhiy may (loint out to you at
ilii! dilferent carrying places, as most neces.sary to k'
St .lied for the establishment of po.st houses on the road
(if communication, you will more especially make the
objects of your attention, explaining to the people the
advantages of such situations.

" In general, your own prudence will direct to the
dill'etent objocls necessary to be attended to upon the
whole of liiese services, in the course of wliicli you
will have the udvantago of consulting Mr. Finlay's
judgment and experience.

" You will return to Ihis place as soon as lliey are
accomplished, and re|)i)rt to me your pro<('edings, wilh
such observations as may have occurred to you, lending
lo the advantage of the King's service, and more parti-
cularlv lo the facilitaliiiif the communication be-
tween these two Provinces.

" I am,

" With regard,

" (Signed) Dorchester.

" True copy.

" (Signed,) IIenbt Motz."

IJrunswiek ; he informed me, that conceiving his wait-
ing for us at the (ireiit Kails to be totally unnecessary,
he was now proieeding on bis way to the litHglit of land
on the carrying place, situate Uaween the river Saint
Lawrence ami Lake 'I'lMuiscouala ; as there (according
lo his id"'i) the boundary ought to be fixed. In reply
lo ids remarks, I oliser\ed, that it was generall)/ tin-
itfintooil in Canada that the line between the I'ro-
vincv.i oj' Uiiibrc and \ew lirunswick should run
from the hrud of Chaleur Bay alon/f the hi^fhlands
in a ii'ixtfrlii direction to the Ureal Fulls on the
Saint John rirrr, and from thence west to the westcrn-
iiiosl, or main branch of the river Sainle I'roix. He
answered, that should a lH>undary he lixed at or near
llie (ireat Falls he wouKI protest against such doings, as
( oiiirary to the directions laid down in his inslructions.

I " On Tuesday morning, the 17lh, Cajit. Sprnule
j having met .Mr. Finlny and me, and, alter talking over
! the subject of the Imuiidary line, he repeated nearly
what he liail said before, adding, that he would pro-
ceed immrdialely lotlie Portage to examine which way
llie waters incline on the heights there ; that by their
cour.se he ml;{lil be eiiabU'd to ascertain the boundary
between the Provinces of Quehei and New Mriinswick,
as all the streams running into the rivers which empty
Ihemsclvcs into the river Saint John, are in the Pro-
vince of New Hrunswiik, and llio.se which fall into the
Saint Lawrence are in the Pruvinco of QueiHic.

" After using many arguments to shew him the im-
propriety and disiulvantages that would attend the fix-
ing a boiindiiiy on the jiorlagi! ; the vast tract ofcoun-
liy which must fur many years, remain unsettled, by its
falling in their Province, their nearest settlement being
at least, two hundred miles distant from the heights on
the portage ; the repuffnanc}/ expressed hi/ the Aca-
dians (settled near the Madawaska fails) at the
idea ofbeinf^ separated from this Pr.vinceio which
they are attached by numberless ties ;• d reasons : but
more especially, that the fixing that \- lit Would mate-
rially alTecl the boundary between us and ihe United
Stales of America ; and that a large territory would
thereby be saved or lost i> !lis Majesty's dominions;
[and that the heights of tanil run from the Hai/ of
Chaleur to the river Saint John, and strike it at, or
near, the Great Falls. To ascertain which, and
more posiliveh/ determine the situation, and explore
the face of the counir;/, we requested Capt. Sproule
to return with us tn the Great Falls, to which he
objected, saying, that bis return there could answer no
end, as the opinion he had alreadv formed of the situa-
! tion of llie houndary line from g^ Taphical knowledge,
and ocular ilemonslraii> II, was iih.iliirable, and that lio
was bound to observe (ieneral Culiion's instructions,
which he produced, conceived in iIicm: words :

Letter by loay of Report from Mr. John Holland.

" Quebec, 26th July, 1787.

" My Lorp, — I have the honor to report, that pur-
suant to Your P^xcellency's orders and instructions,
dated the 9lh of July, I on the day following left Que-
bec and proceeded in company with Mr. Finlay to the
Great Falls on the river Saint John ; that on Uio 16th
of July, at the Acadian settlement o|)posite Madawas-
ka, met Capt. Sproulc, the Surveyor General of New

* Viile ante, p. Dl (also No. 31 in this appendix.)

" By Ilis Excellency Thomas Carleton, Lieutenant-
Governor, and Commander in Chief of the Province of
New Brunswick, &c. &c. &c.

" To George Sproule, esquire, Surveyor General.

" You are hereby directed to proceed to the (!reat
Falls of the river Saint John, in order to meet tin ur-
veyor General of the Province of Quebec, at thai place
on the 15th instant, for the purpose of settling the
boundary line iK'tween the Province of Quel" r and
New Brunswick, in the execution whereof you will
Im! governed by the Act of Parliament for esinhlishing
the Province of Quebec, which determines ihut boun-
j dory to bo the highlands which divide tlio.se waters
that empty themselves into the river Saint Lawrence,
from those which lull into the atlantic ocean.

L55]

riv

" Given under my hand at Krcdorictun, the. jiovcnth
day of July, in tliu yuur of uur Lord, oiiu lliuusand
seven hundred and ui^hty-9evun.

" (Signed) Tiioma* Carlktow."

" On the 18th Captain Sproiilo and we stiparateil ;
lie, on his way to the I'ortngi!, we,(o (Ac ^iVeaf FiiUa,
where wefoundihe countri/ rxtremcly mnunlainous;
and, from inforniation gathered from different per-
sona, who have been from the Saint John river back-
in the countrj), and my own observations, have no
doubt but that these mountains are the range tvhich
extend front the Hay of Chalcur to that river.

" On consulting Mr. Finlay, and findiiii; nothing
further could lie done towards ascerlniiiing tlie bouiid.iry
line, therefore, with his advice, returned to fullil as far as
possible the further re<iuisitions as stated in the instrr.c-
tiuns Your Lordship was pleased to imnur me ^^'\\'.i.

" I neglected no opporlunily of encouraging and as-
suring those |iersons wishing to setlh; in that vicinity,
iff the favourable inti^nlioiis of this govcrnniiiil towards
tiieui, leaving several copies of the njimili's of couni il
among them, with which (/le Acadians in particuUir,
expressed an uncommon satisfactiun.

" I informed the people disposed to settle, of the
spots Mr. Finlay pointml out as most ccnivenient and
necessary to he settled for the establishment of post
houses on the road ; taking the utmost care and atten-
tion to explain to them the advantages of such situ-
ations : they in general were inclined to settle from
the Falls tip the Saint John river, as far as Madawas-
ka, the land being thus far giMul ; but from thence tu
the river Saint Lawrence, I found ihein much averse
to settle, owing to the barrenness of the land in general,
and their inability to support tliemselviis for the firsi
years of their settlement : upon the whole I much fear
that, without some further encmiragement than (he
grant of land, the portage between the river Saint
Lawrence and Temiscouata will rentaiii unsettled.

" I have the honour to be,

" With the utmost submission,
" My Lord,
" Your Lordship's most respectful and

" most obedient humble servant,

" (Signed) John Fkederick Holland."

Report of the Commillee of Council appointed to
consider the Boundary between the Provinces of
Quebec and New Brunswick, and the means of
encouraging the communication, aiui to settle the
lands in that vicinity.

" To His Excellency the Right Honorable Guy
Lord D' lester. Captain General and Goverir
in Chief of the Province of Quebec, Nova Scotia
and New Brunswick, HfC. ^-c. SfC.

" The Committee of Cotmcil appointed to report as
well upon the question of the boundary between this
Province and that of New Brunswick, as the most
eligible means of encouraging the communication and
the ijcltlemcnt of the lands in that vicinity, have the
honour to observe, that Mr. Holland's Report to Youi
Excellency has been duly considered by the conraiittee.

who likewiso paid thorough attenlicm to the description
of the boundaries of the Provinces of QueUc and New
lirunswick, as extracted from Your Kxcellency's com-
missions as Captain General and Uovcrnur in Chief,
' aial on the whole they lieg leave to remark, that if the
Province of New Brunswick may of right claim
\ *.he sources of rivers that lake their rise on the
' height of lanil, which divides the rivers that empty
themselves into the Saint Lawrencefrom those which
fall into the allantic ocf.an, the ancient limits of
this government will be curtailed towards New
\ Brunstvick, and seigniories under t nmidiun grants
us far hack as the year UiJ.i and 1G83 be taken into
' that Province ; besides, the Acadians, already set-
j; lied above the Great Fulls of Saint John river,
[I ami such people as may chuse hereafter to stllle
; there, would be greatly incommoded if those parti
should be imiudtd in the Province of New Bruns-
wick.

" Thi ir commercial dealings will be with this coun-
try, for they must, from their situation, be supplied with
European and West Inilia commodities from Quebec.

" The Committee most humbly submit to your
Lordship, whether it would not W for the advantage of
liiith governments that the Province of Quebec
he separated from that of New Brunstvick by a
line running along the hightandi which extend
from the head of Chaleurs Bay to the foot of the
Great Fit's of Saint John river, and from thence
crossing the river [so as to include the whole of the
portage or carrying place) and continuing in a
I straight Hue towards the sources of the river Chau-
■ diere, tt.. '-, rise on the highlands that commence at
I the .laid hr id of the Bay of Chaleurs, and extetul
i all the way to the north ivesta-nmost head of Connec-
I ticut river.

" With regard to settling the new road to Lake
Temiscouata, along that lake and so down the
Madawuska, the committee beg leave to represent
tiiat the soil in that lengthy tract is poor in general ;
yet there are many parts through its whole extent fit for
cultivation, though not of a ijuality to induce jieoplo
to settle so far removed from assistance in their country
labours, without good encouragement.

" From information the committee report, that some
Canadian settlers may bo had on the following terms :

" To obtain a grant of two hundred acres of land,
free from ([uit rent, for twenty years, paying a sol de
ceus.

" To have four acres cleared, and a log house built
thereon, consisting of two apartments, and to have an
out house of logs to serve as a stable and barn, with
three yeiirs provisions for each family.

, " The committee have further been informed lh.it
\ loyalists will set down on that tract on the following
conditions :

" That each family have a grant of land (200 acres)
free from ([uit rent, for ten years.

" Twenty five pounds to Ikj nndvanced, to stock the
farm ; the lands and improvements to be security that
the mtmey shall be repaid in ten years, but without in-
terest. That each family be conveyed to the land nl-
: lotted to them without expense. To have two years
|)rovisions allowed them, and delivered at their settle-
ments.

" The lands from the mnulh of Madawaska down to
' the Great Fall on Saint John river are of a superior

[ r.c ]

nuiilily ; it is tliorffurn iiriisumi'il timl seniors wmiltl sit

ilowii in lliat pHft oil li's.s v

di'iiiiiiult'il.

ciii'iiuriigcnii-nt tliuii i.t iibovo

" By order of tlio Committoc.

" (Signed,) IllOII F<NI,.\V,

" Chairman,

" Council Clmnilior,

" imli October, 17«7."

THE JUDOMKNT OF Till:
C O L R r () K (• U M M O \ 1' L K A H .

DISTIIICT DE
l{lIElJi:t-.

P. I,. Pankt,

GrrJJkr.

" Oeorffe Tmis, yur laCiri'ico de Dicii, /ioi, de In
Grnndi' Uri'liii!;no, di- France, et d'liiandi', Di'fendcur
do la Fi)v, &c. Vn r|nc Anselnic et Michel llolii-
tliaiid, do la Rivit-ro do Ca|)s, a ol)l<'nii juncnienl lo
soizit'inp jiiiir do Uccenilmi dernier, daii» la four ilos
I'laidoyors I'onimuns, pour Iti J)i.slri(t snsdil, dcvanc
los ,lii!;i.'s sus-nomnies, a la (Jlianiliro d"Andieii(i' do la
dilo C'oiir, dans la villo do (Quebec, contrc FraiK^ois
Albert, hahitttnl de Mmlawunka tl n.i le DiHlrict,
|)(pur la soinmo do div livrcs slerliMs;, pour sii delle,
ain>i (|ue collo do ireizo cliidins dou\ sols courant,
pour SI'S I'rais, et iju'd resto a I'airc cxt-cutiiMi du dit
ju);(.'ment. 11 vous est urdonm'^ de prelover la dile
soniino el los frais sumIIis dos biens niobiliers et ollets
du dit Fnmrois Albert tlana le susJit District, i\-
coplt; t'uij )iirs les animaux de cliarue, onliis et iiislru-
nionls d'aiirieulture, oulils pour I'oxerciee du metier,
el un lit ijarni ; niais an ca.s (|U0 les aulres biens mobi-
liers ct elit'tsdii dit Fraiicjois Albert no sulliscnt pas,
los dils animaux do cbarae, instruments et oulils d'a-
griculluro, et outils do metiers, seroul venilus (mais
nun lo lit ufarni) liuit jours apres avoir fait aliiebor ou
crier la vonto, au Dimancbe, a la porle de rEglisc
parois>ialo, iinmediatenient apri's le service divin, et
nvez l'ari;ent (ou deniers provenans de la veiile) Vtn-
drodi lo vinijt-sejitiemo jour d'Avril procbain, afm de
la livrer au dit Ansolmc Rubicbaud et Micliil Robicliaud
jiour sii dotte et sos frais, avec un cbelin pour ce pre-
copt, et (piairo clielins pour vos droits lioiioraires ; et
nu cas qu'il vous loste (piobpies deniers entro les mains
apres ipio vous aiirez pleineinent salisfait le susdil ju-
poment ct les fraix, vous reiidrui le surplus au dit
Fraiirois Albert.

" Temoin I'Honorablo Jenken Williams, I'nn dos
Juijcs de noire Cour « Quebec, le \5ejour de Fevrier,
dan» le i'ime annee de noire rigne.

" (Signe,)

J. Williams,
" J. P. C.

" A Antoinn Cureux Saint Germain, capilainc, et
aulres olBciers tie milicc ile la paruisse do Kamouraska,
et Frangois Cires, capitaine, et Jacques Cir, Lieu-
tenant de milice de la paroiase de Madawaaka."

" A I'Honorable Colonel de toute la milice de la
cdti du sud, Monsr. Francjois Dambourgos.

" Monsr. et Colonel,

" Supplic tres-liumblement voire bonte et voire
grandeur, tnc trouvant dans un« trt's-i;randc nflinrc pour
avoir fait valoir les ordrcs, qui m'ont 6l6 addresses de

la four du gouvemfment de Qiiibtc. Apresnvoirfait
un saisit, el liuit jours aprcs vnulant faire (aire la dile
vente, conime il m'avoit (''tt) urdoiih6 par lu Cour, ilit
lint conimence i>ar inu Irailer de voleur, et N<!snnt ren-
formes; le dit J'honias Coslin, wdisnni Juge a paix, n
dit i|u'il se ino(pioit de Ions los ordres de Canada.
D'aillicurs, il ne s'csl pns conleiil6 de mu faire Ionics
les tnsultes, il a eli> cbercbt! iMie ^ruarde au (iraliil
Saull, ct soul venus me cberclier comiiiu un vuleur.

" Co Coslin done jugn i\ paix, disani A In garde, s'il
lie veut pas sortir de clicz lui, tirez-lo ou mirlez-le par
ijuarliir el memo tue-le. Apres avoir etc rendu nu
Urand Saull, inoi ayaiit laiss^ inn fninille dnns nni)
irislo sihialion, ils iii'onl oblige conune vonlani mecon-
Iraindre d'allcr a lirunswick, j'ai C'le oblige donnor
caution pour la somiiie de dix louis et Ireizo clielins ;
done \i! suis oblige de doniicr nu l.*> Mai procbain, c'ost
pouripioi, moil Coliinel, i|ni' j'ai rocour ii voire bonli'i
de vouloir me rendro ce ser>ice, iiici nyani suivi los
ordri's, (pii in'oni el^ addresses, comme in/aut ftii ho-
nor^ de conimisiion de copituine ct lieutenant de
milicc.

Nous nous trouvani ;i riioure presoiil ruiues par le
jiige a paix, taut ipie |)ar los fraix doiit je \ous fait
.nenliiMi, ct niiisi cpio dans Ions les discours me trailaiit
do voleur ot cixjuin, et me disant, sur voire respect
cpi'il se moipie genernleinent de tons les ordres de Ca-
nada, et mt'^ine, mon colouid, Jo nc' pent pas vous dire
tout CO ipi'ils onl (lit, ct mOine ce iju'il dit en presciu'e
de dix lemoins, Deplus pour vous prouver Ions les
cruaules doiit Jo vous fail mention, il n fait dire a ma
fomme, commo n'elaiit point ibez inoi, (jue si cllo no
mo Ircuivoit pas, ipi'il auroz la prendre avec les plus
poiits de ses enfans, ct la meiier au (irand Snult ;
pour lors, die lui dit : mon inari est a la cliasse ; tout
aussltotil a cominnnde un bommc-avcc le Slierilf, sunt
Venn me cliercber dnns le bois dislante de six lieux du
cliez moi, ct m'oni fait jierdre toute ma cbasse, pour
lors ils m'ont amene au Grand Saull ; elant nu Grand
Saull, il in'oiit done oblige de promotire <le donnor collo
sommo comme jo vous fait mention, autre rnisons qu'il
doiuias (piaiul il laissa Francois AIIkt, et I'aulre lui
dit, s'il viont des ordres de Cana<la, que faudra-t-il que
!1 jo fasso ; il lui dit Ine les, et il n'en roviendra point
j d'autre pour telle allaire, vous n'en aiirez point lue
1 deux oulrois qu'il no rcviendront point, a I'inslaiit cy
I inclus Vous trouvcrcz si defence, qu'il nous a fail.

! " A I'beure present, mon colonel, nous nous jclons
I eniro vos bras pour avoir voire seeours, et vous diro
!| (|ue nous lie sommc point coupable dans aucuiie cliose,
'i et lions avons suivis les ordres qu'il nous onl etc ad-
; dresses, et sans voire st>cours, el celiii du goiiverne-
1 meiil, nous serous oblige de (luyer cello soimiio do dix
i louis ct Ireizo clielins, et ilo passer pour des voieiirs,
I moi qui n suivi les ordres conforniement h Icur tonoiir,
ct nous qui sutninos des gens liors d'^'tat dc payer uno
suinme telle quo cellu In pour avoir obui nux ordres.

'. " Nous espcrons que voire bonle ordinaire ne voii-
! (Iras pas nous laisser dans une si grniide peine ct pcrle.

" Vous pouvez voir que eel article nous a fait perdro
bon com pie.

" Nous esperons que voire bonl6 nous linnorcrn do
voire reponse, et de voire support, et plus promple-
inenl possible pour opposer ce Tliomas Coslin de lout
vendre, ce que nous pouvuns avoir, comme it fera si
nous n'avons point du seeours de vous et voire prolec-
liim ; il sera bien doulcureux pour nous si nous etiuns
oblige de payer un Icl sommc pour avoir obeis les or-
dres. Mon clicr colonel, nous avons ce confumce en

157 1

vnuii, cl nouM miinmi'H uvi'c toiito.s li', car

f)ui.tjblo.^, cuuunu vliiiit iivuc rL'Ajivcl,

" Mi)iiiiiinir,
•' Vulre tri-H-liuinliiRs ct troi-ubf-iMant
Sorvilcurs,

Kijiis imciiiix li>rL'ti iiiiu» wuiiia'.t lies jjoun ruiiir.s et luii-
jl>ur^i (Inns III ri!ti|iu.'.

Mnrqiin y, Driliniure
du FraiK^nis Sir.

Muri]un y, oriliimite

lit; Jui|iirH Sir.
Lieuteaant tie Millet.

Vimsvnii Sib,

" Nuns simiini'ii iivcf luiit lo respect pos.illili', viilro
I (ros bujulilu L't uUi'ctiujiiiu ftcrviluurii,

FnANroia Sib,
Capt, den Miticeu a Muttuwaska.

,)kc<iVK$ Sib,
Capituint H Lieutenant
Milice.

" Mi»i, Rcgin Rnliiciiiiuil, aMiirnnt M. le ('oWel de
ws respw;ls, et le Sr. Fruii(M>j.t ft Jacqufi Sir, m'oiil
pri6 de sigiiuur pmiruux.

" Piir CO. present, je rcrlifie (jiio Francnis Sir, el
JnnipiRS Sir, liuliilaiis de Mailawaska, ft qiin le ilit Ma-
•lawaska est siliiL- dans le cKinli! de Viirk, et I'nivinco
de NiiilveUe Hriiflswiek, et par leipiel je deCoiid Irs
dits Francnis Sir, et Jucipies Sir d'aijir im do I'aire
aj;ir, exeeuler mi I'aire exeeiiter am iin ordre. d'uii au-
tre Priivinee, daus le District de Mailawaska, exrepte
quo soit sij;in'' et oriloiuie de notre Ju^o de N'ouvelle
llnuKwiek, sous peine ifOtrtf proseiules siiivant les
luix du ni)tre ditu I'roviiire du Nouvulle Jlrunswiik.

" Donni'; Sims petre suing, u Mudawaski), York
comte, Mui le Jli, 17!)-'.

jAC()rB« Sin,

/,«<•)(/. Je Milii'cs,

" (Signed)

ThOS. CoiTIN,

" Ju,i;« a Pail pour le. District de
Madawaska et Vork comte.'"

" Moi, Franrnis.Alltert, jo confessB d'avoir rec'u do
iaennes Sir, siiii billet pnur la sumnio du dix b>uis
trcizu cholins, Icquel son |>ayer sous solde de tmis
romptes pour divers fraix caiiso pour avoir agi contrc
les loix de Bolro Proviarede Nouvulle Brunswick.

mark
" Fb«. X Albert.

■" Grand Sault, York comlf,
» Mars le 26, 1792."

*' Madawaska, le 23e Avril, 1792.

•' A Monsie<ir Dambourges, Colonel de toute la MHicc
au 8ud : —

" Mow Coi.OMBt, — Dans la premiere lettre que jo
me suis fait I'lionneur de vous 6crire il est a vous dire
tjuo nous no pouvant pas nous transporter cliez vous
pour vous expliquer plus amplemcnt.

" II est de vous diro que nous somTres dans une trt's
grandc peine et grande trouble, et aussi par lo trouble
aue nous ii cause la rivifere St. Jean par I'inondcmenI
iles eaux qu'il y'a dans cct endroit, meme qii'il a cte
difliuile do nous sauvcr ain«i quo nas animaux.

" Mais, mon Colonol, nous vous envoyons un ex-
pr«is pour prior votre bontt' do vouloir nous dunner du
supjiort pour nous secourir. Nous csiM;rons en votre

Report if the Sniieilor General and Survei/or Ge-
' »i(T«/, to His /■Jxcrllenry Mured Cltirkr, i.squire,
Lituleniint-Governor and Commander in Chief
of the Province of Lower Canada, Major Gene-
ral, Commanding llix Majenly's Forces in A'orlh
America, ^-c. ^-c. ^-c.

" Report nf His Majesly's Solicitor Oenenil and Sur-
veynr (ienenil, under Your Kxielleiicy's reference of
;; the IHlli .liiiie, upiin llie pelilion of Atiselmu and Mi-
ll clii'l Hiilpirhaud, iil IJivii're des Caps, in llie coiintv of
'I Ciirnwallis, iniTilninls, lor a verilitalion of tliu liitts
I tlii'iriu Stated.

I " May il please Your Kxcellency,

" Tliu prill ion sillies, " tliat for upwards of fifieon
years lliey iiave traded with tlie inliabilaiils of Mada-
waska, and under divers licences from tlie District of
(Quebec. Iiavo also traded willi the Savages u|M)n tliu
frontiers, and even within parts of thu Province of
Nuw Brunswick, and have pnrchaseil a farm at Mada-
waska, and made consiilcralilu crudils.

" That the gorernment of Quebec, having for
several ■tjears estahtinhed a Militia at Madawaska,
and the Court of Common Pleas for the District of
Quebec having pronounced several judgments, and
issued executions in their favour against persons
settled at Madawaska, tliey bad entertained hopes
that justice would bo done ihem ; but that in thu be-
ginning of May last, one Thomas Coslin, calling him-
self a justice of the puaco for the Province of New
Brunswick, had caused new Ollicers of the Militia to
be ulectud at Madawaska, by a majivrily of voices, at
an assembly of tho inhabitants, and imposed a lino on
Ansein.j Kobichaud, ono of thu potitioners, for having
caiisi.'d the goods of one Francois Allitrt, at Mada-
waska, to be seized, though such seizure was made by
virtue of an execution issued upon a judgment in the
district of Quebec. Moreover, that Jacques Cir,
Lieutenant of Militia, established by the govern-
ment of Quebec, thougb vested with the execution,
was arrested and made prisoner by a .sergeant and four
soldiers in His Majesty's troops, who conducted him
(ifteon leagues, to a place called tho Grand Sault,
where he was cuinpelled to pay ten pounds and thir-
teen shillings to obtain liis liberty.

Tlie petition further states, " that as the petitioners
have not been able lo learn from the Field Officers
of Militia at Qtiebec, nor from John Collins, es-
quire, the Deputy Surveyor General, nor from the
said Thomas Costin, who calls himself a justice of
the peace, where the boundaries of the Province
may have been placed upon the line, designated by
the Statute of the 14lh of His Majesty, and how tho
change of government may operate, and to tho end
that they may obtain justice in one or other of the
Provinces, llicy most humbly pray Your Excellency to

[58]

rinisc iIhmii tn be informfd, if it be pouibte, of tht
boundarieM of the I'rwinct of Lower Cawiilii, iiinl
to tiiku sutli iiii'iiMiri'M witli lliu ^uvernnicul ul" New
Driinswick lis your wisiliiin iimv mii;;{i'sI, In pri'vcnl
tlif ruin III' tliu |M!liliiiii)>rs, iiikI oIIicdi, His Miiji>ty'»
fiiiilil'iil miliji'iifi, whii-li their ignontnci of the Umiti,
uiiil nurli liiius iiiul I'orcu may uicusiun."

Ti> verify llio fiifls iiImivo iillfn;<^l il wiis our iiilcn-
tiiiii 111 cxmniiif iIh' |irliliiinrr>i uiiil siuli wilutsso as
tlicv niiglit 111' alilii to uililui'o iH'luro us, and fur llial
|)ilr|iiisi' llie Solii;iliir-(ii'iii'riil uii(iiaiiili'il I'oliiiic' laliy
(hfix'df, Imt IVimi tin' ilistaiico <il' llifir risiilrmi! rrmn
ijiu'lii'i', (rum llit'ir |iiim rly miil fruni otlirr iiium's,
\hvv liiivi^ lull VL'l |iix'si'i\li'il tlirmwivi's. Tlicro arr,
liinvovcr, crrlaih iiajiirs that a(.in|iaiii('il Ynur Kxri/I-
I '111 y's ri'Ci'ri'Kci.', uiiil aie JH'n'Uiitn aimexfii, wliiili in
iirdrr to nvnid any Imi'^cr liiduy, iiidiu'e us to ro|iiirl
to Your KxL'i'llt'iii y, that tlio facts hIIi'himI in thi' |H'ti-
tioii res|iui'linj; the arrost of Jaci|Ui.'s Cir, the Litule-
nani of Milititi al Mailawaiikii, and his U'ini; con-
dui-tud to tht' (Jraiid Sanlt, and tlii'ri>(om|irlU'd to givr
his promissory nolo to Kraiiiis AlUrt for ten pounds
und ihirti't'ii shiliiiii»s for pii'li'ndod t-xpi'iises, said to
liavo U't'ii occasioiii'd l>y his hiiviiii{ actrd ronlrary to tlir
laws of till' Proviiiro of \i'W Urunswiik, apptar to
us to bo true, judijing from ihu original papi-rs, viz :

1, — " A copv of a writ of execution issiiiMl from tlir
Court of Common I'li'us ut (iuilu'c, lestud 15. h
February, 179:,'.

2. — " A letter from Francois Cir and Jacques Cir, to
Colonel DamUiurges, certified by Ri'gis Robicliaud,
without date.

3, — " \ paper siijnod Thomas Coslin,juge a paix pour
le district do ^ladawaska ct York Conitc, pnr|Hirt- 1
iii({ to ho an inhibition to Francois Cir and Jacques
Cir, from executini! any order issuiiii; from any other
i'rovince, within the ilistrict of Madawaska, unless
it be signed and ordered by a Judi{C of New Bruns-
wick, dated J6lh March, 1792.

4, — " An acknowledgement, to which is subscribed
Kraiu'ois Albert, of his having received a promissory
note of Jacques Cir, for ton pounds thirteen shil-
lings, for expenses (X'casioned by his having iicled
cuntrarv to the laws of New Brunswick, dated 28th
March,' 1792.

3.—" A letter dated Madawaska, 23rd April, 1792,
from Francois Cir i.nd Jacques Cir, to Mr. Dam-
bourges, Colonel of the South Militia, Lieutenant
Colonel Baby of the Canadian Militia, assures us
that a company of Militia teas establi»hed by
order of Lord Dorchester, ut Madawaska, about
two years ago, and that Jacques Cir, is a Lieu-
tenant in that company, so that that fact is also
tn:e.

" We liavo applied to the Council Office hero for a
copy of any proceedings that might have been had in
council respecting the line of division between this
Province and New Brunswick, and have obtained
a copy of certain papers there deposited, which
show that the line between the two Provinces has
not yet been ascertained : — a copy of those paiivrs
we herewith submit to Your Excellency, viz :

1, — " Description of the Bonndnrics of the Proyincos
of Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New-Brunswich, from
His Excellency Lord Dorchester's Commissions,
and of the United States of America, from the
Definitive Treaty of the Peace, in the handwriting
of Mr. Secretary Motz.

2, — '* Copy of Lord Dorthester'i Insiruclioiu lo Mr.
John Ilulland, who was directed tu nccompiiiy Mr.
Finluy, in order to nssist in marking out tlia Boun-
dary Line, tinted (|iii'lii>c, Olh July, 1787, hUo in
lliu Imndwriliiig of Mr. Secietury Mule.

3. — " Lelicr by way of lleport from Mr. John Mol-
laiiil lo Lord Dorchcslcr, dutvd (|ut>b«c, 26th July,
1787.

■1.— " lleport of a CommilU'C of the Cmincil chnrKeil
to ronsiiler the subject of the Boundary Line between
the two Provinces, and the means of encouraj^iiig ihe
coinmuiiicatiiio, and settling the lands in that
viciniiv. Dated, (;ouncil Chamber, 18lh Oclober,
17S7. ■

" All which is mnst humbly submitted lo Your
Excellence 'i considciu'ion.

" (Signed,)

J. William*,

Sot. Gm.

" Samuel Holland.

"QueUc,29lh July, 1787. '»

No. 33.

Extracts from the Report of the Royal Contmis-
sioners. Colonel Richard Z. Mudge and (J. IF.
Featherstonhaugh, Esifuire on the subject of the
Southern Boundary of Canada, 1810.

(Page 9.) — " Having found the physical geography
of the disputed territory very much at variance with all
the accounts of it lo which we hud had access, and |ier-
ceiving that the popular opinions regarding it both in
Great Britain and in the United States of America,
owed their origin to the previous surveys and nego-
tiations respecting tho Boundary Question, some uf
which surveys we found singularly at variance with
our own careful observations made on the spot, as lu
heights of some leading points of the country of vital
importance lo the question ; we came tu the conclusion,
that the most signilicant of those previous estimates,
and which were connected with important inferences,
were conjecturally made, without knowledge of the
truth, and that tlius very incorrect statements had been
submitted to the judgment of the Sovereign Arbiter, to
whom, under the convention of the 29tli September,
1827, those previous survey's were lo be referred.
We shall, in the course of this Report, point out lo
your Lordship these inaccuracies in a more specific
manner.

" Alive to the important (tearing of this somewhat
unexpected state of tilings, it became necessary for us
immediately upon our arrival in England, io enter
upon a more careful study of Ihe diplornatic history uf
the dispute ; in which was to be found those arguments
which had been raisei! upon ihe erroneous statements
wo have alluded to, a'.iil which had taken so strong a
hold upon the public mind in the United Slates of
America.

" Tho assumption consequent hereupon, which is
entertained in that country, that a particular range of
highlands north of Ihe Saint John's river, and running
parallel with, and at no great distance from the Saint
Lawrence, is the range of highlands intended by the
treaty of 1783, scemeil to have suggested to the official
agents, employed by the American government under

[r,9]

Iho 5lli nrticlo or tlin truiily iirfilii'iii, llio niui.'a-iity of
niHiiitiiiiiirift lliiil llif liiiuiulary |iro{ioM:il liv llic Iriaty
of I7H,{, whs ilk-Ill kill witk tlio iiiirliMit |i[iiviiit ml
lioiinilrtry lulwrrii llir IVoviiici! of (^iji'liiu: mill lli^r
^!iljl'»(y'l^ I'r, unci.' of Nova Scoliii. 'I'iiis iiNMrlion,
wliK'li u|i|iL'iiri'il III ilerivi' |iliiii!<ililllly lioin Mildiull's
inii|i, H iloriiiMciil iiilinilleil to liavi.' In imi iiimli i'oii.miIumI
liy llii) CiilMiiij'xiioiii'r.i of liolli Kiivrniiiii'iilit at lliu
lipgotialiiiiis wliirli piiikMl ill lliii iri'aly of l7Mil, in-
(liiceil tliH Itrilisli oll'ii'lal iii;iMitN, iiiiiirr tin' trraly of
(ilieni, to Inko lliu ii|i|H»itii liiii>, illlil In insist lliiil llin
HiisiTlion was njlo^i'tlinr " (Mnijccliirul ami im'a|iiililu
tif satisfactory proof. " 'I'lio voluMiiiiouN coiillirliiif;
tli>tiimi!iit.s wliicli iIiIn point );avi> rise to, show how
'niicli tke lirili.HJi oHinial iij^imiIh vvi-ru niisliiil liy lliu
g(>ii«ral ifrnoranre wliicli uxi.sloij of llii.' inti-iior pnrts
uf tlio ttinitory in ilispute. Tlirv wtiro rinlil in ik iivini;
that tliu unciunt pnivi '':ial liiainiliiry was iil' ulna!
Willi till! raii^i! of lii^lilanils claiineil on llio part of
(lio IJniled Stall's ; liut lliey ■..«[« wron" in ileiiyinj;
lliat llie line of iloniarcntion uslaklisliuil by tliu anuit'iit
provincial lionnilary, was iiitimatclv coiincctcil with
the lioiindarv intenilcti hy tliu linil nrticlu uf the
treaty (if 1783.

" When Ihi! American aRcnts asscrli .1 that the
treaty lino anil ihu ancient provincial Imuialary were
iilcntical, and when the liritish aijenls denied that they
were so, liolli parlies placed the ipieslion at issue iipiai
ijrounds daiij;eroiis to their respeclive claims, for if it
had heen known that a rani^e ot liinh lands , orrespoiid-
illi; with the terms of the treaty, existed in a part of
the territory which neither of the parlies had examined,
nnmidy, .south of the Chandicre and the Hay of
Chaleiirs, in which ran thu line of demanalion of llie
ancient provincial lionndary, the Americans would
never have made their assertion ; hut on the conlraiy,
would prohahly have channed nruiiments with oar
own commissioner and anetils. The rniled Stales
are, however, committed, hv the case which they laid
licfore His .Majesty the King of the Nellierlands, to their
assertion of the identity of the ancient provincial
lioundary with the lino descrilied in the Jnil article of
the treaty of 17H,l. But it is prohahle tliat a liiller
knowledge of the interior of tlie disputed territory, llian
existed at the time of the snlmiis.sinnof the case to Ilis
Majesty llie Kiiii; of llie Nelherlands, now ohiains in
the United Stales. Of this we had indications on our
arrival in .\merica, in .\ugiisl, |S;10, when some vl'
Iho American Tiewspapers called loudly upon us to
proceed to examine the lim^ of hinhhinds claimed hy
them ; and this, no douht, with the view of drawinu'
our attention from those parts of the country west of
tlin Saint .lolin which lie alon;; the easlern and weslern
sources of the Penoliscot. And the same newspapers
at the termination of our lahoiirs, exiiihited in no very
courteous terms, their dissatisfadion willi the course
we had pursued, misrepresmlin;; all our proccedinu's,
deiiyinsj that we had visited the line claimed liy lliein,
and ilisislinj; that if we had ihaie so, we should have
lieen compelled to report in favour of it. We relate
the.se circu'nstances to your Lordship, to show that the
very sanguini! aud almo.st universal opinion which oli-
tains in the United States, and wliich has lieen .mi ge-
nerally expressed th re, in favour of the boundarv line
being to be found so near to the Saint Lawrence, has been
partly occasioned hv the true lino ofhnimdary never hav-
ing been practically exiimined, and of no report having
been made in detail of its true nature ; whilst the yiast
surveys and negotiations, as well as the public attention
in both countries, have been almost exclusively direct-
ed to the line brought forward by the Americans as the
iHiundary intended by the treaty of 1783. For al-
though Mars Ilill was with groat colour of justice
proposed by the British official agents as a point in

that range of highlands, * at which thu due north lino
should stop. III order to form thu north-west angli' of
No\ a Scotia, still no line "along the highlands," had
been surveyed or pracliciilly examined in a western
direclioii from theme. 'I'he argument iIiiin caiiai con-
lei'tiirally before the King of the Netherhinds, and wat
left slill more impotent by the denial, on our side, of
liny coimei lion lielweeii the ancient provincial boiindury
and the liiiu duNcribed in the 2nd articlu uf thu treaty
of 17H3.

"We have to remark, also, as a proof of the mis-
taken notions entertained in the Uniled States, respei I-
ing their supposed highlands, that if we, in accordancti
with tlieir wishes, had coiilined our invesliiralions In
the line ilaimed by llieni, we nIioiiIiI lia>u come at once
III till; conclusion at wliii h, on niaking it the last branch
of our invesiigaiioiis, weliiiM' u( tiiiilly arrived, namely,
that lliat line is delicient in every essential character
reipiisite to make it conliirmahlu wiili the description
of the bouiidary intended by the treaty of 17H;J. JJe-
lieving that they never would have invited us to expose
the (h'k'cts of the line claimed liy thiiii, if they had la'cii
aware of those ihfects, we iiiiist infer lliut tliev them-
selves, with soiiH' few exceptions, are wilhoul any prac-
tical knowledge of the real characler of the line of
houndiiry which they insist upon, some striking proofs
of which we propose hi.'reafler to adduce.

(F*. a.^.)— "The proclamation of ITtiS states nUo,
! Ihat the line of lioundary of the government of Queliec,
is to pass " along the north coast of the liay of Cha-
leiirs ; " it does not .slate, us has heen erroneously as-
serted, that the line pas.ses along the highlands, which
are on the north coast of the liay of Chaleurs ; but
merely Ihal it, the line, 'v to pass along the n.>rth
coast, so as to phu e the whob,' of Ihat part of the country,
down to the water's edge of the bay, within the juris-
diction of (iuehec. .\nd it is a fact, which will liere-
afler be shown, that the highlands tlo extend from the
easlern souri'esof the I'eiiobsiol, to the Hay of Chaleurs,
I'liriiing a perfect continuity of higldands from that bay
to the heads uf the Cliaudiure.

" The propriety of including all the settlemenl.s ac-
customed to 1«! governed by French law, and profes-
si::g, as the Canadians of those settlements did, the
, Koman Catholic religion, was manifestly one of the mo-
lives for extending the jurisdiction of (Quebec, where-
ver llie settlements were French. This is evident,
lii/lh from the laugiinge ol the proclamation of 1763,
wlieri; the boundary line is directed to go " abso along
" the north coast of the H.iy of Chaleurs," liecausu
various fishing settlements were there ; and from the
recital of the same lioundary in the Act 14 Geo, 3.
177 1, commiudy called the Quebec Act, where the
souliiern boundary is thus descrdjed.

" All the territories, islands and countries in North
" America, belonging to the Crown of (ireat Britain,
" bounded on the south by a line from the Hay e*"
" Chaleurs along the highlands which divide ic
" rivers that empty themselves into the Saint La ■-
I " rence from those which fall into the sea, to a point
" in forty-live decrees of northern latitude, on the
" eastern bank of the river Connecticut."

" No particular point of the Bay of Chaleurs is here
mentioned at which this lino is to begin, and there is
nothing in this act which forbids the jurisdiction of

! * On asreiidinii the river Saint John from Wondntock, the
crailiinl riHC of tlie rouiitry in cviileiit ; anil several miles bc-
j lore the traveller arrives at tlie stream called Des Chutes, he
I perceives tliat he is about to pass through a range of highlunds.
I

[GO]

({iicliec to f(i> HH fjir NDiitli III lliu wiiitlit-rnintiNt point ofij
till! iiitv III' Cliiili'iirK at KiidiiirKt, iii iiniili luliluilt) 41
tU'HU't!% 'M iiiliiiiici.

*' I'/iii III i)u! I ommiwiiiiii iif MniilDKiiii Wilinnl, iliilnl \
JNt 111 Nihi'IiiIht, nti.J, llir U'lVtTiiiiii'iil of lln> I'rii-
viliir III' Niiva St'iitia Im ilinilcil to " lie iHiiiiiilril liv
" (111- niMiilirni liMiinil.irv nl mir Pruviiiii's nt' I^ihImc
" an I'.ir a* Ihe ii'r.iltrn celtrmili/ nl llir Hay ilr.s
" (Miali'iliM." Anil this is rrprali il in nlliii rnliiliiii- '
simis III iriivcrihiri ai taiiniio |«'i'ini|s. Kill as nii pail
ol' (III! trrriliH'V ill ilispiiii- Willi (ill' I iilti il Slali'N I'iiii
llr <'a«t 1)1' da' iliir imrlli lliii- rrnlii llir siiiircr (■!' llic
Saint Croi\, llir acts ut' tin' |lrili>li niivtriiiiitnl liiiicli-
inn tlu' parlilliillinrill nt' iaiiii!* Ii<lx\rill llic i'lm i|irc»
of N'l'W l!riiii'<wi( l» anil l.nwcr ('aiiiida, nru liol a [iro-

" liiliimir, iiiiMHii aloni! the hlghliituU wliicli Hi-
" viitr Ihe ririin Ihiil niiiili/ lliiinmli'm iiilii Ihe
" miiit lii'ii' S<iiiU l,iiiL'fn\cit, from lliuiit which
'\hiU into Ihe mn."

" llnviiiL; M'|iariiti'il tin' Dii l.oiip iVuni tlic wi'ninrii

soiirriK III llir I'l'liiilinriil, llic riiluf Imw tilliN niiirtt to
llir r.islwiiril, lull iilwal*! ill a Imlil I'linliliiinlia liilililii'r,
illllil ll irai lu'H wivt |ii|ii;illlili' (ill ' lOlii, wlitli llii-
pi'ak> lirriiiiii' m paralcil iki iisionully liv wild' uupn, (Imi
piiriKiiiH niiinri iiiii; llir |h uks InIiii;, ni'Vcrtla'lt'Ns, very
I'li'Miiril. As ii piisM's I'lirilirr III ilii' I'asI, ito t'onti-
iiiiih lit'i'iiiiirs iiiiiri' iiilriniplril, it assiinii'ii h ciiurucli r
III' iiiiirli li'ss i'li'\.iliiiii iliaii it niuiiilaiiis vn'si o( m-yvu-
ly ilrurri's 111' west liiniiilililr, so that wlifii ll r<t«.
rlii's (in - ,'U'iii. west liiii^iiiiiii' it liikt.H a MilKiriluinli*

priato Miallrrs tor ilisriissinii in llii' ilispulr wii n tlii' I tliarai lir, allliiiiii;li it still ciiiitiiiiii's In I'orin ii part of

I'liitcil States, 'riio rial siilijn t I'lr iIiiiiismhii i»
piirrly tin tiiic (lirritidii ol' tlic liii;liliiiiils wliiili "ili-
" vidi iiiiisf riviTS lliat rni)itv ilicinsi Ives iiiln llio Saint
"■ LawrrtHi', frnln tlicisc wliicli (all iiitn llir Allalilir
" (liciiii, to till! iiiirtli-\vrst('riimii>t lirad iil tlirCiiniii rti-
" cut riviT ;" and is liiiiiiiil to tliat part nf lliriii wliirli
lirs wi'sl I., {]»: dill' tmrlli line, ami to llii' |Niiiit at
wliii'li till* dill' iiortli line I'riHii tlir Knurivsof tliu Saint
('roi\ riviT L'onics to tliosu liigiiluiulN.

(I*. 3!) ami 10) — " Tlirrc iini various jiiiis nf wliat
liavr oiiri' lii'rii ((inliniious ridi;i's, innri' or Irss clc-
vali'd, traversing; in a iiortli-i'.is|irl\ dini linn this ilis-
piiti'd lirrilorv, muiic of wliirli lane I'i'in so alir.idrd
iind linilii'ii down tliat tlay are marly olililci.ilril,
iravin^; oidv pinks at i^rcat distani es from cai li otlitr,
Imt in till' saini' iiiiiijm'tic ilirectinii. V\'i; sliall only
speak of tlirie priiiripal ones, the first in order heini;
till' riilu'e of wliii ll the liald Mmiiil.iiii', rislnn in north
latitude 16 ileiirees 15 miiiiili's foim a <iins|iieuciiis part,
iind whieh tremis norlli-eii'-lerly liy iiii irreirular iiiid iiiiii li
limken fiinire coiniMeliemlin:; the Kala.nlin Moiiniain
Willi till.' ii(l{a('eiU peaks, Mars liill, unii other peaks in
llm satiie direelion.

" Till' oilier two riii^jes I eini;, one of Ihem llio line
of liii^hlanils overlooking the Saint l.awieiu e, .mil
riaimeil liv the Anierlealis to lie llie hiiihlamls of Ihe
trealv of 17S,i, amiili'i other, the only line of hii;hl,im!s
wliieli inaiiili'slly fiillils tho inlenlioiis nf the treiily,
mid thecharai lerof wliieli wo shall now e\iiininc more
ill detail.

" Those two ridgp- . as will be nppnreiil from an ova-
niinalion of the map, are the main hraiiehes of a ciiii-
Hion stem, wliiih runs let ween the river llinlsnii ol the
Slate of New York and the ("oiineetieiil river, unil
whicdi divides into two lirandies on reachini; tin; forly-
fntirth degree of north hititinln.

"The sontliern liraneli, hohllnsr its course iinrtli-
caslcrlv, thrnwsdown fimn ils snuih-east (lank, the head
streams nf the Cnntiecliciil river, those nf the Andros-
coggin, anil those of the Dead river (a branch of tin'
Kennehoc river), a little to the nnrlli nf the fnrty-
fiflb degree of r.orth I'titiule. whilst on the opposite

the axis of ii.ii\iiiiiim t'li'Milimi. Tlienci' pHSNiiii; iiortli-
lasterh, and iiitersrcted at liliics by the liiNwliic river,
we-.! ol the Irihiitiiry stii am called Saint Croix ; lliii
nil^e ihinws dnwii the eastern branches of i'enol>M.'ol to
ihesniiih, and krepim; ils cmirse by u well drliiied ele-
vation, south nfthe Knosiiic, it strikes the valley ofllio
riU'i Saint .Inhn, nearly nppnsile to the nioiilb of the
Tnliiipii' river. From that point east waril, the coun-
try iiiriin ri^es rapidly in elevalimi, and preserves the
same < harai'ler in a cniiliiiiioiis ele\ati'd ruge, iiiler-
riipleil only by n few slight depressiniis, until it up-
prnaches the shores of the Hay of C'huleiirs.

" The section of eleviilions wliicli we have placed on
the left iiiaririn of the map, taken In tweeii the extreme
points, \[z :, the Hay of Chaleiirs and the sources uf
liie Saint Jnhii, with the bamnielrical heights in F.n-
^lisli feel, will give a just view uf the elevutiun uf tlio
country alnng the whole line.

" ^Ve have not Is'cn nhle, for Want of nMim, to pl.icc
upon this section all the baroinelii, al elevalioiis we
have taken betwixl the river Saint .lohii and the liay
of Cbaleiirs. Neither do all the elevations taken by im
appear on the map, the scale upon which it is projei ted
not nihiiiltiiiir of their bein>; alt placed nn their respect-
ive liM'alities. That part nf the sectinii nearest to the
Hay nf {"hali'iirs nlily represents the lietu'lit nf (he liinil
on the iiorlhern face nf that portion of the axis uf
maximum elevation which runs between the pointu
.iliove spoken of. .A line iimiiiiii{ westerly from Halh-
iirst, anil a litlb^ to the south of Middle Kiver, ^ives a
series nf elevalioiis In Kniflish liet alsive the sea, from
east to west, as far as Nictnr l-iike, where the line
joins the series of eh'Valions of the iiorlbern face, as
fnlhiws : iMi, 'MH, u.'il), 711, Hl.'i, 7*0, «tU, K73,
1,010, 1,()7H, sriO, 1,.;fl7, l,93l, I,;2U1,H1!), I,HI5,
.',110, 1,5s.!, |,H1(I, i>,110. The distance upon
which these eleviitiolis are distributed Is about lifly-slx
miles, a few of these were taken upon conspicuous
peaks, but the intervals between tbern are continuously
of a lofty cbarader.

" The u'cnernl ns|)cet of the whole lino corresponds
with its lieigbt, and is niountainouii.

' The \episl};nit river, which flows to tlic east,
I which empties itself into the Bay "f Clialeurs at
or nnrtli-wost flank the inn.st smithern bead strennis Halhiirst, takes ils ris»!, to);etber with its nortlierr»
of the Cbaudierc river take their rise. (Nintinii- branches, in this chain, lis likewise does the L'p.sal-
ing its nortb-eiisterly course. It separates the riMr ipiitcli, which flows (otlM! north tu join tlic Uestigouclie.
I)u fiOiip, another branch of the riiaiidiire, from the ,

most western sources of the Penobscot river which ibs- " From Niclor Lake, tlie axis continues to the rivet
charges itself into the atlantie (x-ean. This ridge is the Saint .lohn, in a south-westerly direction, trending bet-
one which Pnwnall dcscribeil, and which the Koyal ween Ihe Tnhiipie river and the Salmon river, in a
priKlamation of 17C3 fixes as the southern bounilary of hold cnntinuoiis riilge, varvingfrom 750 to 1000 feet.
the government of Quebec, viz : Ij On the west siile nf the Saint John it reappears on the

a soiitli bank of the Roostiic, near the Falls of this river,

" The said line, crossing the river Saint Lawrence and ' where it has an elevation of 710 fiet. F>oni thence,

" the Lake Champlaiii, in forty-live degrees of north | liie section, with the heights expressed in English feet,

L.;i ]

rxlliliilii llif* ulitViilioii III' llir riiiiiilry In llm miuri'm iif
till' Siilhl Joliii. \Vi' liiiti' mil I'liiiliiiiii'il il iiiiv I'lirllitT
Id iIii' miiiiIi-WhiI, iih the riil|{ii rniiii llnrit'i' |iii«'lti^ii n
(■■iiiliiiiiiiii!! Iiillv I'liiinirliT III llii' lii'iiil wiiliTs III till'

('■Illlll'I'lil'Ilt rlviT, Willi nil IMiril^K lll'i)(llt nl illilMll

itIIIH) fri'l. Wii lli(iii|(lil il Ulilini iMirv III lAliiiil llii'
HO'liiill III <«i Kri'Ul u iliiliiiirr, iiiir rmilil wn Ihivii ilniin
it cimvi'iiii'iilly ii|iiiti tliu |irii|N'r miiIl'.

" \Vi' lliiTcfiirn pri'iicnl lliinnvit of lnii\iiniimf li'vii-
lliili III' lliii wliiilii ciiiiijir) IIS ill.' iruii lii^lilaiiili
inli-nili'il liv llii' .'ml nrlirli' iililir irmly nl' \'iM, iiiiil-
ilii; III llii' rlianirli'r III " liii{liliilii'>" ii'i rmiliii ilmliiii'.iilHli-
I'll rriMii IiiwIhiiiU, iIii' I'linilitliiii riijuiii i| liy llir ii'i'iily
III' iliviiliiii; lliu " riviTi lliiil iiiii| ilii'iiiM'ltrs mill llir
" Siiliit liiiwrriiri' I'i'iiiii lliiiMi uliK II il.iw iiilnllii' iillmi-
" liciiri'iiii, II) Ihc north uWHlnitiniiHl head <;/ U\t Con-
" ntcticut rivi-r."

Il will lio wen liiiri'iiflcr, lliiit lliis is llir (iiily I'lirt nl'
tliH <lii|MilL'il li'rriliirv wlicri' " liii;liliiiiiU" nl ii aiiiiiliir
cliHrucii'r uro In lii.' rniinil.

" Il will Ini iiliMirvcil llmt Iho 2iiil «rlii:|i' ii( llic
Iri'iity III' I7M,'|, iil'iiT iMi'iilioniiiK llir luirlli-wi'iil iiiikIii nl
Nnvii Srnliii, UK llic iKiiitl of ttriHifliifr, Imiii mIii'Mii'
is In Ih< 11,11 I'll ihr lllii' nl' linrllirrii liiMlliiliirt Inr llii'
I'liili'il Sluti's, ill litis |iurl III llir I'l'iiviiHiMil' ^|||sslll liim-
M'llsltuv,ili^M rilirs lliiii fuiiiil iiiiiiii(;l<' Inriiit'il liy a liiii'
ilrawii iliir imrlli rrmii llin sniiirr n| llir Sailil Crnin
riviT III lliii liiKlilaiiils, Mini llix /till' IIS riiiiiiiii^ " alniix
" llii saiil lii){lilaiiils wliiili ili\iilr lliiiM' iiviTN lliiil

" l'lll|i|y llirlllM l\ IS illln llir lixi I Sllilil l.aWlllirl' linlll
" lIl'iM' wllli II lall illlii llir iitlalllli! IK ran, In llir nurlli
" WL'Sllirilllinitl lu'liil nl'llii' ( nniirrliriil rinr."

" (iriuil Itriliiiti miililiils llial llir |iniiil ij, is ili'v
rrilii'il is I'liiiial III nr iiiai an rli'valimi, i allnl Murs
Hill, U'liii II is siliialnl III a ilui' iiurlli lilii' ili'awii Irmil
lliK uniiiri' III' llic Sllilil ( mix ri\i'l', anil wMitli nf lliii
river Saiiil Jnlni ; llinl llir liii;lilaiiils inliinliil liv llir
tri'iily liri' llinsf rMi'lnlini; rrnlri tlial |iiiiiil In I la' Cnli-
lii'i'liriil riirr ; iiinl llial llii' I'ivcrfi I'l'imlivi nl, Kiiiialit r,
anil .\liili'nsriii:i;'"i ""' ''"' rivrr* lallinu i>'ln llir allan-
lir III ran, wliirli arc inlriiili'il liy llm Iniih In lir ili\ iil-
I'll I'min lliii riviTs wliirli I'liijily Ihriiisi'lvi's iiitn tin
rivrr Saiiil l.awmiri'."

(P. 53.) — " Wc liiivr, in till' lirst pliirr, I'lnlravniiri':! \
tu nIkiw tliiit \vi' sliiiiilil liavii lii'i'ii ai'lilii; iiirniisiNlinlly i
Willi IIki iiirnniiMliiiii wliiili wo |i<)iim.'.sn, unil willi lliu
fucti wliicli wc liHvi' In rii|inrl, if wu luiil ailn|iti'il Iho
griiunil wliicli Ilia nllicial Mrilisli n);ciits, who liiivc prc-
ciiilril IIS ill till' iiivcstiiraiinn nf this liniiiiilary i|iir.slliiii,
ri'licil ii|Hiii an (isM'htiul to ihii mniiitviiHiH')' nl' thr Mrili.sh
view nf tilt' (|U<!K(ioi), viz: that thti Imiinilary inliiali'il
to lie cstahliNhcil liy the 'ind iirtich; nf tliu treaty nf
ITM, was In \h\ u line iliNtincl I'rniii the .sniitherii hniin-
diiry oftliu Province of (jiii'Iht, us estuhli»heil liy the
Koynl |>rnclaimilinii el' HUil. In o|i|)ONilioii to tliut erro-
neous impression, we have felt it our iliity In .show that

Ihiiw! lines were nne unil Iho san»' tllill^^ Inileeil the 1 evlmilinn In the iinilherii lirimi li nl' the river Kesli){nii-
very ilclinition of the point in the tn.'Utv, viz ; the coin- | .i,,,^ ^^.),j,.|| j, |r,,|(.>eiilcil as fnriiiiiii{ the itoiilherii Ihiiiii-
riileiice nf the line nnrtli line with the liinhlaiiils, prnvch - "

Nil. 3.-).

E.rlf(trli> from rimnrUn, imulf on Ihe porl oj (Irrat
Hrildin, on Ihe lriiii«irii>l njii iiuif), coiiiiiiiiiiiiiileil
an eriihnce on Ihe purl of Ihe I 'nihil Sliilen, .i/imc-
I'lii; //((' lilsliifoiiche rirer, ii.s Ihe houniliiri/ lulween
<'unaila and i\eiu Uruswick.

" The Prn\ iiice nf \ew nruliswick is laiil ilnwn us

thut the rominissinners I'nr licirni-iatini; the Irculy of
1783, considured lliii " hinliluriiLs" of the treaty to he
Olio unil Ihe snine thiiiir with the snulhern liniinilary nf
the Province of (^nrhcc ; for if \ova Scotiii Inul e\lrnil-
«il fiirtlicr to tliii mirth or to Iho west, than the point
'whcro the due north line was to intersect the liii;hlaiiils,
llmt point woiihl have liecii the iinrlh cast aiiirlc nf the
State nf Maine, hut cnulil not have heen the nnrlh-west
luiglo nf Nnvu Scotia. Fnr the true nnrlh-west iiiijjlc
Would have heen still further to the north or to tiie
West, nt whatever point the western hoiinilary of Nova
Scotia touched the soiitliurn houndary of the Province
at Quebec.

No 34.

ilary of the Province nf I, nwcr (Canada. This is per-
fectly arhitrary and uiisii{ipiiili'd hy any prnnf, the
lioMiiilary hclwern these two Provinces havinj; never
hern a.scertaiiird, and lii'iii); still siilijcct tu cnnlliclin^
pinvincial claims. lint this is altnj^rlhcr a nialter of
dmneslic rciriilalinn, willi which
have no concern."

fnreigii iiatinns can

Nl). 3(3.

Statement concernini( the. nnrlh-wesl ansfle of Nova
Scotia, extracted from Ihe first Slalemcnl on Ihe
part of Great Britain in the reference made un-
der the bth article of the treaty of Ghent.

" In treating the first slated branch of differoiicc, the
principal quustion tu bo determined Is this :

" Wlicro in the point designated in tho treaties as
the north-west nnglo of Nova Scotia .' "

" This point can only be determined by first deter-
mining the other objects by which, accordini; to Ihe
Iroaty that anijle is entirely governed, namely, the
hiifUanda, and the rivers to be divided by those higtt-
lands.

Extract from remarks made on the part of Great
Britiiin, on certnin documerits communicated as
eciiience on the part of the United States, shewing
Ihe extended jurisdictionof New Brunswick over
the disputed territory.

" The remarks lioloie cited from the first American
slateineiit relating to acts subsequent to the treaty of
nnS, will also apply to these (hicumcnts, which uie all
of a Inter date than that instrument.

" Tho otiject of producing lliem, as evidence on this
occasion, would .seem to lie In shew an actual jurisdic-
tion hy the liritish Province of New Brunswick, as
against her sister Province of Canada, on the upper
I part of the river Saint John, and ns far north as the
river Re.stigoiiche.* Whatever might be the oficct of
this evidence in a controversy as to limits between tho
above named Uritish Provinces, which can only be dc-

* A line alims; ttie. channel of a river ran never be a line
along " y//s-A(a;i<i»."— (British Statement.)

[ ••'^ ]

I iili'il liy II lliili<li Iriliiilial, i( i'«liililiiili)'<i, in llix |iri'W'til
iiiiliiiiiiil riiiiiri>M'r«) iit(iiliikl itix I'liilcil Sliitio, a rinir
llriliili iHiiM'tNiiiii mill jiiii'Mlictiiiii III llic |i|.iii'i> in i|iii'it>
inn. VVIii'ii liiki'ii III I iiniK'SKni willi llu' rliiiin iil'
I'liiiiiilii III |iiriMlii'tiiin niiil trrntiny ii<i I'nr ilnwii iin llir
(iri'iil Fiillx III (III' river Siilnt .lnliii, il iiUn iliiiily
|iriiM"<, in ii|i|iii<iiiiin in ilic Anii'rn.ui »ri;iiiiiriil in lliit
ilinciiviinii, ilic nil'.' i-luiniind uiiM'tllt'd cundilioti ul' lliu
|iriivitiriiil limili."

Nu. 38.

Kslrarl from Htfiarlit of thr ilrhalr* in Iht Stm
llniDHiiirk LiginUilU't Anxrmtilft iimrtrniitg
jiiirh of thr iliHpiilnl Iriritorif i/« voHloiitril in
" Tlir LohiiUhI and ('oimrrvutivr Aili'uaitr" a
tifWKi>iiiifr /iMWidAfii tft Frrdfricion, S. H., DM
l/llltA, IMII.

llouDi: o»' AiiiEMHi.r,

Siitiiriliiy, Ki'briiary i llli.

N.>. 37.

f 'ii/)l/ of It i-ouliilniluil ilmiiiifrli n' Sir (,'. Miirro)/,
of thr nth April, IM;ll», ■•iiilirc to llir iliiiiim of
i aniiilit iiiitlSni'Hriinsii'ick lojuritdiilion wilhin
the (/i»/ll(^•l/ Irrrilury.

(Ciipy.)

" Conjidntlial."
Ihtpliciitt.

" l)(>\vnin)r Slroi'l,
Nth April, IH.!l).

" Sin, — Willi rofiTcncc lo my despnlcli nl' llin Tlli ^
iiiHlunl, " I'liiillilintl.il " iriinMiiliiiii;; (III! lirst slalcincnt
nil llir pnrt nt' (iriiil Itritaiii nl llic ilispiilnl pninH mnlrr
ihi' lil'ili iirtii'li' III' llir trviily nl' (ilii'iil, I liiivc imw tlir '
limior III unpiaint ymi, tli:il, in nrilir lliat niir ciindut't
iiiiiy III' ciiiiMisliint willi iiiir iirnuiiiriils, it in niT('s>ary
thai thr I'rnvinrr nl Lower I'aiiiiiLi kIiiiiiIiI iiiiilinuc,
williiiiil it icrr.iplinii. In i'\rriMS4'a<liial jiiri>(dii'liiin over
llii" " Kiel' 111 Mailawaska." This Kief enviTH (he I
wliole nl' Teniisipiatii Lake, ami nine miles in length |
ilnwn llie river Mailawaska, wliiih issues IVoin thai lake.
'I'll!' I'rnvinie nl' New Hrnnswiek, as proved on the
trial of .liihn H.ikir, exeri-ises arliial jiiriMlielion over
till' Mailawaska selllemeni, hill this selllelneiit extends
aloii); llie main river Saint .lolin, hnlh alinve and helnw
the ennlliience nl" the Madawaska river ; and no jnris-
diitinli appears lie I'aclo to have heen exercised hy New
llriinswirk on the Mailawaska riMT aliove its ininith,
where a uratil of hind was made hy the (;ovt'riiliient ol'
that Province lo Simon llehert, in iKi.'i.

" I'nilor those cirrnmstanees, therifnre, il is ndvisn-
hie tor the ifovernniinl ol Lower Canada In niainiain
and exeieise its jiirisdirlion over the laki^ 'IVniisipiata
and tliu river Mailawaska ipiile down to the aforesaid
irrant In Simon lleherl at its iihiiiiIi, which will include
the whole " Fief of Mailawaska," and the novernmeiit
nl New Brunswick to maintain and exprcisn its jiiris-
diclinn, as heretofore, in oiIht parts of the disputed ter-
rilorv, incdudinn the Madawaska settlement on the
main river Saint .Inlin, Imt not to extend it up tlieriv<:r
Madawaska. I have communieated corresponding in-
structions to Mr. President HIack, administnriiig the
government of Now Brunswick.

" I have the honor to he,
" Sir,
" Vour most ohodient humhio ser'i'!>ft;',
" (Signed,) G. Morrav."

Lt, Gen. Sir Jas. Kempt,

G. 0. B. &c. &c. &c.

" Divinion iif Carleloii Bill.

"The Koiisii went into il Cotninitlee of i|ii> whole
on the hill to dividi' the county of Cuilulon,

" Mr. Perley, (M. V. for thn rounly of Carleton)

said lliiit tl xireine len){lh of the couiily, il lN'iii|(

Iroin \M In Kill mih's, rendernl ii division neceiMiry.
The ciMinly hiiildiiiKs lH'ini( niliuileil Ht WiNNlsliH-k, near
ihu lower end of the county, llu- inliHhitants of Madii-
wnska had In travel KHI mih>s to the court, llu
IIiimikIiI also ihiii hy iliviilini; the cminly now it lnii(lil
nlmiiflhfn thf rltiim of Ihin I'rovincr in selllinn the
boundary wilh Canada, as il wonlil itive us ihi- ri)(ht
of possession. ||i> said that the Umg distanco the |h'ii-
pie in the iip|H'r part of the county were Hitiialed from
the pud made it very dinicult lo iidniinisler juntice, in
conseipience of which muny hum's wvri^ left uniioliccil.

" The liimlM'r Irmle was now nonrishinK In lliiil purl
which would form the new county, owiny; to which
( irciimslance the inliHhilanIs were as well alili^ lo defray
the expenses of the new County liuildiii)(s now as they
Would Ih' at any future |H'riiHl ; iM'sidea which they
were all in favour of the division, hu liu|ied the house
would pass the hill.

" Mr. Knd, (M. P. for Iho county of Gloucester)
said that the ipieslion for dividing Ihu county of Carleton
had cnmi! up hel'ore, when the princi|iiil ohjeclion
iirLTi'd apiinsl it was the unsettled state of the iHiimilHry ;
hill iinw the Ana'ricnn iHMindnry wustu'tUed he lliou);ht
the liniise was hound lo give them iinollier county.
The French of Maduwnska '.vi're a line loyal set of fid-
Inws, and he (Mr. Knd) would go for the hill, lie
would like to know what they intended to call the new
county ? lie hoped they would call it Metcalfe ; he
hoped the hill would pass, for the French of Madawaska
were deserving of the privileges of the British constiln-
tion, of which they are now virtually deprived.

" Mr. .1. A. Street, (M. P. for the county of Nor-
thiimlM'rland) said it was desirable '>o have mure in-
formation on the subject.

" lie thoni;lit a sketch of tlie outlines of the county,
and ucniiinl ol its inhabitants, &c., and the probable
line of honnilary betwixt Ibis Province and Canada,
should In- laid before the Committee. As to its length,
I Iil) miles was too much for one county ; yet they
should know if the pipulation set off would be nufli-
! cient for a county ; and whether thev would lie able lo
support the county expenses, iic. Ho was favotirablo
to the bill, if these ipicstions were satisfadorily answered,
as it was almost injustice to coni|iel |ioople to travel
too miles to court.

" Mr. Connell, (M. P. for the county of Carleton)
said the county was almut 150 miles long, and the divi-
sion line k'ing fixed at Kivi6rc dc Chute would leave the
old county about 55 miles in length. With regard to
the utility of the measure, he thought that no better
evidence could \m given than that the people In each
division were eager for it. At present it was almost

[03]

imianiiililu III ii\piMitti Jimiicii ill ilin ii|i|H'r |Hirl, Thv I No. 30.

uliiri' liiwri llioii)(li( iiiiiHt lir llxi'il iii'ur llic iiiiiiiili urilic I

Tiililiiiii', iir 111 till' (iriiiiil hull-; l»ii iliai nv.ih « cjin.- ^ I'.rlfiirl* fiiim Rrporlt of the i,
linn tliiit WiK |iiii|HiM'tl uliiiiilil III' Lit III ilii' ill! iniiiii III' Httinmiurk Lrxisliitwr .\'»r,

III)' liiuuUi|lill|l-(i>iVr[||(ir.

" lliiiKinililii Mr Wilinol, (M. I». fur llm (Munily ol
Yiirk) luilil ilhil till' Niriin^i'<( n ii»>>ii<l' ilii' lull, uMH lliiil 11 |iii|iii|iiii« |iiirl III Miiilii- I
Wil«kil nil llii> miiilli nlinru nl' llii' Siiilil Jiiliii iiiiw liriiiliK- {
I'll III ihii I'liili'il Sliili'*, wlirri' Aini'Miiiii iii«Ii(iiIii>m« i
wiTi^ iilri'.iily III I'lill ii|H'r.iiliiii, wliiln nii llu' Krlii^li miji', |
— ;jii»l iirriiM II ii.iiriiw rinr, llin |u'ii|ilii with Inliillv I
lii';;li'i:li>i|. If ii'illiihi; liii iloMii In niiiiili r.ii't lliu iiillii- ,
nil II mull a nl.ili' ii|' iIiImki Wi'ir ralrilliiliil In lirmn
llliniil, i'niii|iiiriMill« Wniilil tin ili'iiWh wlili li i niilil iml
lull In III! unriiMiiiralili' til ilillisli iii«liliillnns Mmlii-
Wii'<kii W.IN II ihlrkly mllli'il ili^lriil, iiiiil im'Ii i|' llu

MMlr» in tht Sew
mlilf/ (imftrninK
fxirlH of Ihr itiMimlrU Irrrilori/, ii< rDitlainnt in
" llir /,(»i/ii/i«/ iiiut I 'iini%rn<iilii'f Ailvoviile " rt
Niiiniiiil>ir /lu'i/ix/ii'i/ lit t'rrileridon S, H., I'itk
XlJich, IN 1 1.

" lloviB or AnKrMiti.r,

" MmiiU, Muri li I.

" Till' llniiM' ilii'ii Willi Iriin II f.'iiinriiilli f lln'

wliili'. Ml. lliiiiiiiiKinii, (M.l*. I'nr tliu cimiily of
Wi'sininrcl.iiiil I M lliii t liulr.

Ii, "On lukliiK ii|i till' Mi-^Mixi' nf Ills JAri'lliMicy,

iHiiimliiry Im'Iw lliis I'mviiim iiiul C.iii.nl.i »li mM lir ivliilivi' in llm wllii'iiiuul nl" lliu Hniimliiry ijuvWioii —

wllji'il iirrnrillli){ In llii> |irrlrnliii||i nl' llial rnlmiv,
Wllirll NVilH llic liliT M.lll IW.I^k.l, llli' |ir.i|in»ll| lll'W

inimly wuultl Mill In: 70 nr Ml) iiiili'> {ma,.

" Willi rnKiirii In llii> ^llil'l' Inwil lir llinii>(lil llii'
Ori'i il Knlli wniilil III' II H'liiil nilii.iiiiiii ; it \Vii.> 11 ri.'ii-
trul |i<iiiiliuii, iiiiil a iiiililaiy Niatinn.

" II r.iMi' SiMiikir, ( MV. (<>v tin' rniinly iif Killl,)

Siliil, III' lllil nnl Ml llii' llv III .1 I nllHIlllln' |r|iii|Tllli; nl)

^ llir lii.illi'l .11 .ill,l'ii' lliiil lalil iTiliirIt Willi llir llnliii' );ih

Mrniiiriil. Ill' llimiulit till' ri'{H>rt lliul liiiil alrraiiy Ihiti

lliaili ll> i.nl'il .\>lllliMtil|| Will 11 MllMinlni V nlir, llllll

ir llii> i|iH">lli>n W.1S l.iki'U ii|i II sli mill liii liy lliii Kxi'-

I'llliui L'lMIIHll, llll.l linl liy 11 tnllllllitll.'U III' llllll IllHIfU.

, j " Mr. I'lirti'lnw, (M. I', liir llii' niiinly nl' Saint
" .Inlili) Kiilil, llir I'nniiiiitlrr, In.' was snrii, iiail lin llllt'li-
' li I'lakllii; llii' Miallir mil. ul' llir lianiNnl llii: Fai'iii-

li\IJ ('iMIIII'll.

" llniinralili! Mr. Wilinnt,. (M. I'. Inr llu i iily nf

^'n^k)lllnll;{lll il lirsl liijiil iiji a n s|ii'(MI'ill iiililir>N In llii)
({nil II, i'\|Mi wivi' nf llirir n|iililniii nil llii.' hiiIijii I, liiit
iiiiiinulilrilly till' lirrilniy in ilisjiiilo livluiii^cil to ilium.

" llniinralili' Mr. ll.i/i'M, ( M. IMiM llu ritynf Saint

.liilin j salll lllli l|llrslinl| lil'lnil llll'ln was ll llillicillt nlll\
aiiil sliiMilil III' ilrait Willi vi'iy i:autlniiNly, for tht
KoriiHiHrnl at llnnic luiil Jour fi'iri/ lliinif inlheir

" Itii liail lii'i'ii Inririiii'il llial llin Kiiuliii rr ili'|iiirl
liii'iil riiiili'iii|il,ili'il iiiakiii'.; u nilliliiry rnaii Irnin Kri'
ilrrii'liin In llir lir.iiiil |'',ill.s, anil lliinn' In KaiiiniiraHka
IIm liiijH'il llii> liill wiMilil jiaiN, il was lliu iliily nl' llial
IliMlw III )rivi' llirlii llir lii'lii'lll nl' lirilisll ln>lilillinli'<,
unil fnilir llial spirit ol' Inyiilly wliiili linw liu|i|iil>
|iri'Miil< I lliiTi', ill' wniilil rrialc an am rilnlii illiiH- 1
Iralivii nf llii'ir allarliniriil In (iriMl lllil. iiii ; sini r llir [
Amuricaii liniimlarv wat iu'lllril ihr uiimial nnlilia
Ir.iiniiii; Innk |ilaru ini IIh' lirilivli siiln nl' llii' rivur,
wlii:n a );ri'at niliiilii'r nl' llii' liii'ii I'rniii Ihr Aiiii'riniii
^i'|||C■v■.' iiMT In train W'illi llii'ir nlil I'lMiiraili'i, anil
Uiiiii" lliilisli OilliHirs, mill iiUliniiirh tliii nlliriTit Inlil
thi'in llial lliry Wi'ir nn lin^riT liritisli Milijirls, aiiil
cniilil lint lin |ii'rinillril In train llirri', tlirv still |iri<iisli'il,

anil wiiiilil lint III! ilrivi'ii out nl' thr ranks ! ,inil smli I /»""''■'' <" U'h'wwv the claiiim of this Province,
WIS llii'ir allacliiiR'iil In lirilisli laws, (i(r., lliut hr j

(Mr. \V.) hail Ihtii inl'nrnii'il thai ii iiri'al iiiaiiv nl'. " ^'r- I'-'i'l. (M- !'• f'f '•»; «''""'H.v "f (ilmin'Mor,)
llins.^ nil till* Aliii'riran >iiln wi'in alinut In uUilulmi llmnnIiMlii'V liail li 'llir |uM|inni' a ilisuissinii nt liiu
their furmii unU aottlo on lliu Hriti.sh niile. 1 "iil-jwl, ami [lass ii rusnliitinii in the moan lime.

"llnnnrnlilL' S|ii'aki'r saiil llial wliinllii' ruisc askcil
I'nr inrnriiialiiiii, liny win' imi liiiiniil In ri.'lir the iiiullvr
In a .Si'li'i't Cnniiiiillci' ; il was hist In lir nililiil what
ihry wi'i'ii ^;■n^^H In iln, I'nr llit' qiii'.stiivi onglit to ho
hanillcd vrry larofiilly.

" It was his n|iinlnii that it wmilil In- lir.sl In Irt the
nialtrr stanil In llii' clnsi' nl' llir Srssioii, which would
111' a fnrtiiiijhl nr tlirrr wi'rks, or |irrliii|is u month yi't,
am! that wnulil t^iMi hnnnrahlii nirinbrrs I'lili linir for
ili'lihiralinii, anil then lit llio lultlruss hi> Ihr last tliinj;
iliiiii'.

' IFoiioralilo Mr. Siinnnils, (M. P. for tlio county of
Saint Jnhii) aiiil W. II. Siri'i'l, (M. P. for till- city of
Saint Jnlin) iigrutd with tlio Ilniiorublu Spcukur.

" Mr. J. A. Street, (M. P. for I ho county of North.
iinil)i'rhiiiii) saiil, lilt! snhji'ct was one of jtroat intcrpst,
inasiiiiirh lis it aU'rcti'il llii' iiili'i;rity of llio Prnvinrc.
Ilo lilnu^ht llial all lliu (Incuniciils rotating In the sub-
jui't .slioulil be bi'fnro the conimittiie, iiiiil that llioy .should
lake it into their t'onsiiloration nt tlio tiino the Civil
I.ist Hill pnssoil, thai |inrtinii nnw In ili.s|iulo was tiiun
lliought to belong In Ibis Province, but now lliu Cuiia-
liiunsclaimoil it ns lH'liiii;>ing In them, lie ngrord with
the Hon irable Mr.Wilmot when he »aidlhat undoubted-
ly tlio disjiuted Icrrllnry belongod to New Brunswick,
tliurefore llioro wore but two questioni, with regard to

" Ml. Fisher, (M. P. fnr the niiinly of York,) miIiI,
llioy had Ix'tlor nnl disriiss lhi)i|iii'stiniias Inwhrri' llir
uliiri' tnwn should ho, but loavo il to His Kvcolli my In
di'li'rniino. .-Vs In the bill, it up; aiod as ihnin^li .liiri'
woro M'arci'ly twn o|iinii'ns nn the siibjii I. Ho (Mr.
F.) hoarlily cnneurrod with il, uml hnjied il wnuld |iii.ss
ununimously.

" Siinio disciissinii llioii tnnk |ilai'e iibniil Ibo divi-
sion lino, wliioli was liiially solllod as rnllnws, viz ; In
cnininoiu'o \l Iho American boiinihiry lino whore il is
inlor.soctoil by llio llivioro do t'liuto, llieii down thai ;
Rlroiini In its cniijiiiiclinn with the river Saint .Inlin, ,
llioii ncrnss thai river the sliorlost course In tho line [
which dividos llio |iarislios of Perth uiid Kent, llion
fnlliiwing tlie cniirM< of that lino iinlil il sirikos,
the bniiiidaiy of the county of Nnrlliuinberlanil. ,
The Hill lliun |iassed wilhnut u divisimi. ( We i
undi-rstond that the naming of the new cniinty is In lie 1
loft In His Kxoolleiioy llio Liouteiiant-tinvernor, iind j.
that it is nnt tn beenlitlodlosend ro|irosontalives tn the |i
House of Assembly until tliu liuxt geliurul I'lection
takes place. ) "

[Gl]

our coiisidiTiilion of llif siiliji'd — wlinllier llir F,xri'u-
tlVo Coiiiuil ^lll>lllll M'ltli' llir (Hirslii)ii, or leave il cil-
tiri'lv lo III!' lliiiMi! ;;iiMTiiincii(. C'iiiimliiiiis triiil ti>
ilcprivr lliriii nl' ii liiri^f Irnct ul' liiiid, lii-icli "* •.vliat
Viiliialilc tiinlirr wiii i;ri)\viii'4 IIiciimiii, wliicli il' lliry
Wni' III i;i'l ilii'.r i'riil> ii(iMiii|'li>lir(l, woiilil lake (Vum
tliis I'riiviiiri' a irrcal |Mirl (ii' iK wciillh, liinlicr lu'iiij:
(lie cliicr artiilr dI' rniiiiiirici'. Ni)\v, lie. llnMiiilil llial
this was a i{iii'>li<>ii I'lir llic llmni' ^ntcriiiiiriil In m'IIIi',
niul llial iIm'V sliiiulil i;iiai(l niir rii;lil.s, mi hr, (Mr.
Slri'i'l) wi>lu'(l I'll' as litllc ilil.iv as imssiMi-, as il
Viiulil I"' a si'riiMis liis.s 111 llir l'rii\ inci' In lil llir ijiii's-
lion ri'Miaiii iMiM'llli'il.

" Honiunlili! Mr. Wilmol, (M. P. for llu- comily nf
Vnrk,) s.iid, llial if lln' llnusi' xvniilil |iii'sciil an aiMri'ss,
(lii'V slii'iilil III' |iiitliriilarl\ raiilimis in wlialnuiiini'r
(he ad'lri'^s w.is pitMiari'd ; iIm'v flimilil rxiirrss ii.i
ilcudus wlialcvcr as 111 \vli:;l I'rnvlnrr llic land lirliili:;.'(l,
lull tiali' |il.iinlv anil Imlilly l' ' il liid.it!.i;i'il In lliini,
nnd iiKt admit that ohu iiinj;lu iiii li nf il ludonged In
Canada.

" Mr. nniwn, (M.l'. for ilu' rniinU- ol' Cliarlnlln,)
s:iid ll'at as I'.ir as lie iindrrvlnnd llii' ijia'stinn, llii>
I'niv'inro yliiadd );ii nn ilm .\>ldiiirli>n linu aial i laiin
all on to the rlrer Saint Lairrnirc.

" !Mr. F.nd's rosolnliim llieii passed fnr puslpimlni;
(lie ilistii^sion,"

\.). 10.

', gosled by iho liill, lio llioiif^lil ilioiu would lie n dilTi-
' cully (i) find Kutlicient liailLTiaj in do lliv dulii-H iif
parish nrtlitTs, as m- dnulit a fjrcat nuinluT oj' llio
I inlnddlanls were Iransicnt persniis, muIi hs InniliiTnicn
anil sijiiallrrs, and lie vvmild ask wlial wnlild sm h men
as I.nid Slaiiley and Sir Knlierl IVid sav, wlifii llii-y
rniilid llicy had dividi'd a parish in a part nl'a cnuiity
llial did nnt lirlnn<; tn llin I'rnv inre. ]lv (Mr. liiilij-
fiird) considered lliey wnnid he injurinf; llieii own
(daiins hy leu;islalini;- this wny, particularly as ihero
w»» no i?rf" iit'cessiiy lor liie hdl passing at presenl.

" Honorahlo Atlnrney General (llonnrahle J. C.
Peiers) said liny had lietler wail until annllier year,
and liy that lime, in all prnhaliilily, lliu lines hrlwvcji
llii' Provinces wnidil he ilelineil, and there cniild he im
liarm iIoim' at any rate, as it was iml cnnlemplaled hy
ll)i' hill In haic any parish nllicers appninleil niilil nest
.laiuiaiy sessinn, even if the hill passed — a few lia)nths
len:;er enuld nnt make much dillLrencc.

" Ilnnnral le CNdnni I Shore said sinh n mode of
leL;islalinn was corlaiidy premature. Tlio reasnn why
the piirisli had nnt heen divided hefnrc was, that that
part (if the cnimlry was in dispute h'tween lliu two
','nvernmeiils, hiil when lliat was sellled liv ihe /\,s|i.
li'irlon treaty nimiher dill'cully arnse as tn llic dividini;
lines helween the two Provinces. lie cerlainlv
tlinii<;lit ihey shniild wait iMilil that dillieullv was
sellled lii'I'nre lliev niade a division <if ihe parish, jiar-
ticiildrh/ I'- •! vit.H probiihle Hint one o/tlie pnristifn
upolini ofirnutil br ovi iifllirjiiri.idiction of Hie Pro-
vince ; he was ipiile sure if they passed the hill, the
I Hnnie i; ivernnienl would not sanction it. Lord Stanley
would sav, " wail until the lines are sellled helwopii
" the two I'rnvinces, hefore ynu divide a parish that
" vnu are not certain lo which of the two Provinces it

" ijuioiii's."

j'itriirl.1 from /I'/ini'/.v of Hie ilelmtes in Ihe [je^is-
till ire Coiiinit o/'.Vfic ttniii.iirici;, roiiriruiini llic
di^li'iUd boiindtiri/ betirerii < iimiilii diiil Mew
fiii.,.f:iriel:, U.I coiiliiiniil in " The Loi/'ilisl iniil
Coii.t' iriilire Ailnieiilr" a ueii:tjiiiii(r jriblisheil
in I'rrd.'iiclon, .V. />'., Uh Ajiril, LSI I.

" Lkcisi.ativk (.'oi'.Nni,,

•' Tiiiirsilay, March Jlsl.

" Mis llo'inr the Piesident { llonnralde William!'
IJIack,) In.ili Ihe chair at lialf-piist Iwdve o'clnci; • Ii
(he j.iiirnals of the precedini; d.'.y liavin;^ liecn rtad all'

Ihe dork's table. i

"The follo\vin'.r '.neinhers were presonf : — Ilonnr- i
ahle President, Ilniiiirahle Messrs. Shore, IJoliiiisnn,
Saunders Holsfonl, AMorni\v (leneral, Ch.iniller,
Street, Wver, Match, .lohiKstou, Owen, Crane, and

Minchin,

" The housn went into conimillec of the whole in '
further cnnsidi'r.ition of a hill to divide the parish of ■
Madawaska, in Ihe county of (^arlelon, into tliree
»epar;ile and distinct towns or parishes. — llonnrahle |
Colonel Shore in the chair.

" Ilonnratdc Mr. Holsford tliouudit it wa' n very
incnrrecl mndo nf leirislalini; tn divide the parish of
Madawaska, while llie line helween the two Provinces
was in di^piile, and hv leLjishiliu'^' on the siilijecl jiisl
now was premalnre, and it would not make the claim
iif New Hninswick anv heller, and tnii^lit he makinir a
parish tint would ullinialidv he in the I'mvince nf
Cariiiila. The onlj/ positive eliiiin that \nr Jininii-
vncli hint to Ihe ^i(l(1tul•nsll(l setHeiiiPnt, man a feu
inilfK iiborc the (Irand Falls. If tho Cmada claims
WTO correct, and ho was fearful that such rni'jlit prove
to he the case, even if they divided the parish at, sng-

" Ilnnorahle ^^^. fhandler would ralher wait unlit it
was as(e' • ■ led whether the counly was In he divided
III Inn? lliev divided the parish, asllare ini;,dit he a dilli-
ciilly as In where' the hnunils nf the parishes slinuld ho
fixed, lief I Inuor.dde Mr. Cliiindler) was liir diiinj; jus-
tice In all of ller Majest^ '.. snlijicts in everv part of the
Province, as far as lay in his power, hut did iio! think
lliere evisleil any very nri^enl necessity for piissinn- iho
hill until al'ler tin IH'W county was eslahlished.

" [lonorahle ]\tr. Street considered it o most
ahsaril irni/ I'f lesislnliii^, to allrwpl lo pass ii
liill for Hie iliviilim; of a ]iarish, irhich, in nil
jiniba'iilili/, a greater purl, when the limit be-
lii'ien the tiro I'roriner.i irere sellleil, would
he Old of the jiirisilielion of Ihe J'rorinee alto-
l^iHiir. lie hoped such wniild nol he the case ; lint
even admillini; theri' was not the slii;hlest prnspicl nf
dial lii'iii'j; Ihe case, he did not see any ijreat nei cssilv
in passing the hill at present, at least until the Pro-
vince line was delined. 'I'he parish was not snflirini;
in anv wav in conse(pience of its extent that he had
ever 111 aid of, and whv not let Ihe dividing of it stand
over till the next meeting of the legislature.

" ITonoraMe Mr. Minchiti was in hopes that the liil!
would have passed unanimously ; lieconsidefed the whole
of the Madawaska liiloiii;eil to New Brunswick, and as
the treaty was sellled with the rnited Slates, they
slinuld let the inhahilanls of Madawaska know that iho
^overninenl was delermiiicd to treat them as Hrilish
siihjeeis, hy exleiidin!; to lliem all their privileges as
such; he cerlainlv hoped the hill would pass, as the
parish in ipieslinn had heen depi ived of the |irivilego
of having sclioiils long enough.

I " Ilonoralile Colonel Wyer was fnr Ihe hill, and did
I not think Ihe Canada I'ue ipiislion should have any thing
' to do with iho dividing of tho (arisli. Il'j thought tliu

[ cr. ]

J.r

|o
In

■y
py

Is*

Iru

ir.

lir,

I nil

''V

i\t

llli:«

r^glitx iif till' iiihiiliilniils iif Macliwaska liail lircii no-
glvL'li'il Ion Imi^ iilrraily, unil wIsIiimI (liriii In liavi' llii'
|irivili'^;i> III' I'lijiiyiii); ull llio rights wliiili as Ilrili.sli

Blllljl'dS tliry (IcMTVtil.

" lliinntiililn I\lr. Jnliiiston liail liianl milliii:'; In riin-
vinci! Iiitii that tin- jiurlsli .sliniild iiiil li>' iliviiliil, wlictlirr
till' couiily was (livjdi'il or iint, iinil I|iimii;IiI llir liill liiiil
Slali'il |)rip[irrly Imw llii- |iari>lir. .^IimuIiI hr ili liiiril, ami
if it sliiiulil sii lia{i|ii'ii tli.il till' ii|i|ii'r parisji iilliiiiali ly
Iii'Iiiii^imI til C.'anaila nr iml, ilial sliiuilil iml |iri'\i'iil
tlll'ln I'rillll liilill.; jUNliri^ In IIium: iiitskiis li\itlt; nil till'
Wailawaska. Sniiii' parts of llii.' dill was iin|i('rfrr!,
but tliiisi: piirls itiulii III' very I'asily |mi1 In iii;lils.

" Ilonnralile Mr. Craiir was a^aiii.l llir iiiraiiiii' I'nr
two ri'asiilis ; (lir lirsl was, jir lliniiL'lil llii' parisji siiniilil
lint III! iliviili'il iiiilil till' lii'W rniiilly was i ^lalilisjii'il :
nnd llin nllii'r was dial a pari nf llir M.nlawaska was in

diMpiltl! Ill'IWl'lM till' tWll I'lllvilHI'S.

" Iloniiralili! Mr. SanniliTS said ;lir\ slunild lake up
(lir iiii'asurr in llii' saiiii' wav as if Canada liad ihmt
liiadi' anvrlaini at all nil llio sul>i''rl. 'I'lir i|iii'slii>n was,
Kliall tliry nr shall ihi'V iint irranl In llin inlial'ilanls nl
Madawaska llii' saiiii< pmli'iiinn thai is'^ranlrd In nihrr
parts nf the I'rnvincr : lir f'lr nui' iiinsi rrrlainly lhnui;lit
thi'y Nlinidd. ir Canada slimild f;i'l wlial slii' .laiins,
tn-miirrnw, Irl hrr lakn it, Iml lli.il shnidd nnl prrvrnl
them frnin ilnin;; thoir duly as ll'Jri,■^lalnr^ ; iad hi'
Wiinlil ask, why shmild Ihi- inlialiilaiils nf Mailawaska
bo dnprivrd nl'lliu li'i;islaliM.' pri\ilri;rs that all nthnr
parts nf ihi' I'rnvini'r riij'y. Ill' rnlisiiliTi'd llii^ pari^''
shnnlil havi' lii'rn di\ idrd yoars a'.;n, and llial in all
prnhaliililv tliat w'niild liavr lirrn dniM',niily (iri'al llri-
taiii airri'i'd with thi" I'nili'il Slalis in rrniain ipiiit and
nnt liiilil any jiiri.'alirlinii hvit llii' dispiilid Irrrilnry,
onlv as far as what was arliially ni'ii'ssarv , iinlil llir snli-
ji-rl WMs si'lilril. Ill' Ihnni^lil nni' lA llii' !;ri al riasnns
wliv till' I'riivini'C had hisl sn nimli nf llir hi'Sl pail nf
tlio Inrrilnrv, Was, liriaiiM' of lirr siipini'iicss in iml
Innkiiii; wi'll af' ' hrr rii;lils. If Caiiai'a ijris any pari
(if till! Madaw. I, (irr.it Hrilain will iml jnsr il ;
Ihcri'f irr, that a. aid nnl prrvrni them frnm passini;
the bdl.

" Hiinnralilc Prosidrnl llinii»lil llir inlialiilnnts nf Ihr
parish nf Mailawaska had hrrii nr^lrrlrd Inn inn::;
nnd linw they wrrr ilcsimiis nf riiinyini; llir Siimr pri-
t-ilr^cs lis the inliiiliil.inis nf nilirr purls nf Ihr Prn-
v'ni'r. Mr liopnd llir hill wnnid pass, .'mil lliry wiiuiil j
sne that llir Iri'islatiirr was in ranirsi Inprnlrit ihrni ; i
lie tlioiii,'lit Canada rl lims sliiHild haii' nnlhiii^ tn iln
with the present question. .

" Iloiioraldp Captain Owni was in f.iV'iiir nf Ihc
bill. Thr inhahilalils nf Mailawaska had slmwn llirin- i
selves to hr a Inyal prnpjr, and wrrr riilillril In Ihr j
same privileges as all others of Her Majesty's snhjrils. j

" Flonnralde Mr. Ilalili wniihl siippnri llin hill, and
tlimi!i;lit the dividinjf nf Ihr parish woiilil lir nf onal
scrvirr to the plarr. As to llir Canada i lain), ihal
shiiiilil not prevent them from doinij justice to the in-
liubilants.

" On thoim»,.inrf the Ilnnnralilr Mr. .Inhnslnn, thai
llic chairman li avr llin rhair, and rrporl the bill as
agreed to, the roinmillrr dividi.'d as fnllnws ; — Content
— HoMoiahlr I'rrsiilrnl, Ilnnnralilr Mrssrs. [Saunders,
llalrh, Wver, .Inhnslnn, (Iwrn and Miniliin. (7.) —
Nnn-conlffiit — Ilnnnrahle Messieurs Shnrr, llnbinson,
Holsford, Attorney General, ('liaiiillcr an I Sirrrl. ((!.)
It was rarried in ihe alTirmative ; hut on ihe qnrslinn
lieinir put by the Prcsidonl, that the report he ariepled,
tlio lioiiso divided even, ami the I'residctil not bring
allowcJ to vote, the bill was lost."

Xo. 11.

F.sl: 'cl from Itijmrt.iqf the IMintei in the LrgiHla-
lirr Couurilitf Xeir nniii.iii'irli, coiinrniiiidKirt.i
of thr lerriliiri/ la diiipule Inlwrrn ('(tniniu nnd
\rii' HrniiniLUcI;, iim cnnUlincil in " TItr /.o)/aHnt
" (iiiil ('Diinrrrntirr Adrociilr,''' a nrirniiaiirr inib-
lishrd in Frriltnclon, S. II., \i)l/i April, \M\.

" I.KIil-I.ATn K C(IU.\( II.,

" Monday, April Isl.

'DlVlSKlN (i|.' TliK COLNTY OF I AIII.KTON.

" llonnrahlc Colnni 1 Shore in thrihair.

" IlnimraMr Cnhnii'I \Vu" was in favour nf the hill,
and linpi'il ihe iniiniy wmihl hr dividrd ; and thniii;lit
till' !;rrat ilislaiici! nf ihr shiir town fmiii llir upper riiil
nf ihr rnur.lv I'allril Inr it ; and had lirard that thu
inhahilalils had siiirrml nn arroinit nf Ihe girat dis-
lanrr to llir minity Inwn In transact hiisiniss, and lliu
Iniit; dislancr itir iiihidiilanis nf thr nppi r part nf ihe
eoinilv were siliialrd I'lnni llic |iii!ilii' lmildiiii;s, inado
il very dillleull I'l .•rliniiiisler jnslite ; in cnnsi'ipieneu
nf whiili nialiv prrsnns I siapril ihrjiislicr nf ihe law.
Mr lhnui;lit llir irrrat disl.inie prrsnns wiiidd have In
travel to alli nd llir rniirls shmild he a sunirient reason
whv llii.' hill shnnlil pass, parliciilarly, when llio in-
li.iliil,.nls had priilinni'il for il, and liiiil .sent :i priilinii
to ihe lri;islaliire, niiinrmnsly nnd rrspi'clahly sii;nril,
hv the inhahilalils. A very sirniii; rrasnn wli\ the
llii! sliniild pa.-s, was, llial nn the Ainrrieaii side nf the
MadiiWiiska, till' .Anr.'riiaiis wrrr pnllini; np puhlir
hiilldiiiijs, and .Vnirriiaii inslilulinns wrrr in lull nprr-
alion ; while nn the lirilish side, arrnss llie Saint
'nhii river, the prnpir were alln^'rllier nr^leeled.
Ill' hoped thr hill wniild pass, fnr the inliahilanls nf
Miiilawaska had hren iir;.;h'itrd tno Inn;; alrrady, and
wrrr drsrrviiir; nf thr siiuir privilr^^rs that Ilrr Ma-
jrsly's siilijrcts eiijnvicl in ollirr parts of llie I'rovinre.

" Ilnnnralilr Mr. IMinehin was in favrr nf the bill,
and lhoiii.'ht the whnlriif Mad iwaska lirlnnp:ed In Ni'v
Uruiiswick. Il was ririli'inplaled In ijiviilr the eniinly
nf (,'arlrlnn al the rivrr di! Cliutr, wliiili wnnlil make
llie old ennnly sninrlliing like oU miles in length.

" On Ihe rivrr S.iinI .Inhii, many of the inliabitnnts
ha, I In Irnrl in rr 100 liiilrs to the shire town in
Wnnilslnik, In iiilLiiil llie eiHirts as jurunrii, and on
nllirr business.

" If the inhahilants were nnl sninnmnrd ns jurymen
in the nppi'r pari uf ihr enuiily. il wniild he lining' ihein
an injiMirr, and if lliry did allenil, their e\pense.<
wouhl he ennrmniis ; and it was inipnssilile that iMaila-
Wiiska cnuhl prnsper when the piildie lniildin;;s were
al so ^real a dislance. Mr llmui^lit the enmity of
Carlrinn had a lu'llrr riaim than any other enunly that
had lirrn div. d for manv years ; Ihr new iniinly
would llirii be n. ,irly 200 inilrs huii;. Me claiiiirii
live above Ihr M.nlawaska river as hrlnnitinu; In New
lirunswiik, and he ennsidrred, Canada had no right
to an inch of land in Mailawaska.

" lie hnprd the bill would pass, and then the
inhahilanis nf the upper put nf ihe ronnly Wiiuld know
that Ihe legislature inlnideil lo look after their in-
terests.

"Honorable Mr. Rnlsfnrd said when the bill first
eamo I. ""ore the In
sustained at a!!

a^jainst every tine piir.iiple of Irulislatinn, and wniilrl
he cslahlisliing a new tonnly in a territory uf which

loiisr, nr did mil think it would bo

iinil if Ihry passed it they did so

linst every tine pii

LGG]

100 iriilts wns in dispute willi Cniiaila. H" diil fi'cl
fulled iipDii 1(1 iippiiso sin li n mi'iiMirc, uiilil tlm liiu's
v.crc prnpi'rlv csliildislifd bi'twiH'ii llie Iwci Provinces.
'I'lu'ii- Icnisliiliiis; iin llie suliji'il wmild iii'l, l)V iniv
means, slreiii;llioii llicir riainis. Ili>r Majesty's j^iivern-
inent wnnld sellU" llio Ixnindary, ami llial very sunn ;

started with it ! ! ! Tlint was precisely llie rnso ia
(|iiestiiin : .Innulhan had taken llic liest part iif llie ler-
ritiiry that was in dis|)utc, aiul Canada cutnes aliing,
and ^ays, " If yini do not lonk onl for your iij;lils, I
" will lake the leinainder." He for one, did not feel
lisposed to nive way to Canaila in this case, for lio

mill when that was done, if there was a sullirieiit ! considered the whole of the Mudawaska lielongcd to
niiiTiher of inliahil.iiils, and proper material to allend |, New Kiuiiswick, anil l///irii/ Arte/ no oMcrc/flinm, fAfi/

linti pnswKaion for iibinit sisly yrurs, u'liklt icaH

to the duties of a county, he would he wiMini; to
divide il, at present he did not think that wiis the
case. .Xniilhcr thini;, il was impossihte to tell where
ihe .shire town -hoiilil be iinil did not think il I'air to
lenishile and e.l.ihlish a new idiinly in a territory that
was in dispute with the sister colony, lo add two ri pre-
ventatives to a part of the Cini.lry that had not near as
inaiiv iiih;diil;inls as some oilier counties that sent only
two re|irL.seiil.iliVes,

" If it was nei-cssarv that more niayislrales should
lie appoinicd to allend to the parochial iliilies of I'

Hi;l« poinl.1 o/llielitw. The lirst that should h ; dono
in any country towards civilization, was to ;viic them
municipal insliUilions, and hrinj; the laws as near their
homes as po.ssihh'. He Imped the hill wouhl pass, as
he thought it would he doinj; ihu inhabitants an injus-
tice to dilay it another day.

" Ilonorahle (.'olonel Sliore said, there could he no
iliconvenieiire as lo alli'ndiiijf courls, h>r the Acadians
Were never suniinoiied lo alleiul, and they pay no

ci>iint\, no ch.uht ihe executive won
proper iiiforiiialiou was given. II
great degree of caution was necessaiy ill dividln:;
counties, as it always increased the expel scs of the
governii.enl. .\t ihe present time he wmilii opposi
the hill ill every slaue, as it was inipovsihle lo toll
where the shire town shniihl he, and did not ihink the
jireseni stale of the coiinlv called for it, .mil iiisic ad ol
Its being a gie.it Ihion to ihe iiilinliilanls, il would he a

:•

taxe.'!. They were one e taxed il 50, but an order was

ap|ioiiit ll.i'in if : issued by ihe council to have it returned, which was
thought that a {| done. He ihoiight it premature to legislate at all uii
the subject, until ihe lines were settled with Canada.

" .As lo Madawaska being deprived of .^clinols, that
WHS not the case, for they were entitled to thirteen
sehools at present, but he had never heard that ihcro
were ever more than three established at one time.
.\s to there being a petition bclnie the legislature
great mjurv, as they would hi' calh-d upon lo pay liea\y i' numerously and lespeclahly signed, he believed nine-
taxes to assist in ererling piiblii' hiiililinns, whirh he j leiilhs of the names Were signed by three magistrates

believed from the iiif irmation he bad received of l.ile,
that tliev were not aide to pay. Anollier lliie^, lliere
was iml as he could leaiii sufTicient material to do the
duties nf a C'Uinlv ; when the lines wi'ie sellled he
would be willing to support such a bill if found liei es-
sarv. Me could have no interest in opposinc; the bill,
aiiv further than doing justice, and legislating properly,
neither did he mean lo say that Canada bad a right to
the territory she claimed. lie believed olberwisr, but
that it was in dispute and that it would not be practic-
able or proper to divide ilii- county nnlil Her Maji »ly's
governmeiit settled the Province lines. At the present
time lhi>re were but very few IVeehcdilers in that part
which was lo form the new county, am! coiisri]ui'nily
would ni'l he able to pay the taxes ,liat would be
necessary to put u[i the public buildings.

" Honor.ible Captain Owen said, an anrunient IkuI
been leged against the hill, because there were no
freeholiiers in the new ciuiiily ; be would support the
bill if there was only one freeholder, jiM enough lo re-
turn a memlu'r. It wa-; now due to the iuhabiiaiits,
that the division shiiuld take place in e\ery point of
view : '.heir luagnitiiile, their number, and the i^reai
distance to the shire town lo attend to ]iiihlic business.

"If the inhabitants of Mailawaska were not siim-
moned lo altend the roiirts, it was beciiuse the distance
was so gi"at that it was found almost impussihle lo do
so. As lo the lines not being settled between Ihe two
Provinces, he did not think thai should have any lliinir to
do with it, and ihonght they should proceed just in llie
same wav as if Cau.ida lunl never set up a v'-.uw at all ;
and there was no oflii ial inlormalion before tlieni to
show that Canada bad u.ade any claims to ihe Maila-
waska, and if she had, be llioin^hi thev were unjust.
The arguments made iisi; of bv the llonoralde Mr.
Hoisfiird, pill him in mind of a Devonshire man, who
bad his bat siolen from him; a man came along and
loiiiid him making a dreadful noise, and asked liim
" What was the mailer ?" " Why," says he, " that
" man, a-heail there, has .stolen my bat !" " Well,"

who wanted to have the county divided in order that
they might he promoted. He had seen a gentleman
from ihe upper part of the county, who had told him
to beware of the pelilioii, as not one (|uarter of the per-
sons whose names were allixcd, knew any thing about
it.

" If there was any necessity for the Hill at present,
and ihat il would he of advanlage to ihe inhabilatiti lo
pass it, he v.oiild not object to it, but instead of its be-
ing an advantage il would be a great injiirv, for they
would be called iijion to pay heavy taxes, to erect pub-
lic buildings, ,vhii h they were not able '■) pay at present,
and would rather suhmit to any little inconvenience,
than be burlliened with a heavy lax. He was as
anxious as any |ierson lo do pveiylhiiig that might ad-
vance the interesis of the inhabitants of the Upper
Saint .lolin, and when the Canada lines were propi;rly
setllid, if it was found necessary, ho would be willing
to give ihom a new county, and not till then."

No. 42.

Extracts from the Dcttaif.s in the liritiiih House of
('nmmoiis,nn Ihe Quebec Act of 1771, as reported
It;/ Ihe Riqht Ilonorahle Sir Henry Cavendish,
liaronet. (London, 1839.)

" House of Commons,

"Thursilay, May 2G, 1771.

Page lG.— {Mr. 7)i()imn,i>-.)— " The first object of
the bill is to make out lhat lo he Canada, which it
was the struggle of this country to say was not Canada.
Now, sir, if this Province should ever be given hack
to its old maslers— and I am not without an inclination
to think, that the best way would lie to give it back to
says the man, " why ilont you run after him, and catch its (dd mastcr.s — if it should ever become right to give
"biin, and take it from him ?" " Oh, I can't," says , back Canada, willi what consistency can a future
he, " for I'm tired ! !" " Well," siiys the man, "if ncgnciator say to France, we will give you back
" you caii'l run, I 'II take your wig ! " and oil" lie "• Canada, not that Can<ida which you asserted to be

LG7]

nio
Ins
■no
I'ns

tan
lull

Canada, but tliat vtiitcd in tlin I'rnclnniatiiiu, liavin^r
(liscuvereil tliat wo were inistiiken in tliu client of it ;
wliicli error has been corrected by tlic liigliest uuliiurily
in tbia cuuntr)'.

Pago 21. — The Allornei/ (lencral (Kdward Tbur-
low, Kscjulre,) — "I (b) nut rise lo aviiw or disavow
any thing. I sboidd think 1 llattervd myself if I
presunifd, in case I had drawn every line of the bill,
that tbatcirciinistancu woulil go any way to reconiinend
it to the consideration of tlie lloiise ; niiich less do I
liujiu til chani;u llio o| liiions of eidicr of my honorable
and loarned iVit'iiils wiio have spoki.'ii upon (he snbjiil ;
because, when ibey have tuhlyou they oppose the second
reailing, they have not aci|uainted the house wiih any
measure, either of pcdicy or justice, which Ihcy would
substitute in the place nl' it, and yet I ibilter myself il
Would rcipiiro vi'ry lilllo argument to convince us, that
sumetliini; ought to be done upon the present occisimi.
l^ul the honorable gentlemen have gone a ciuisiderahle
way beyonil the question iiiunedialely before us, for,
nut conliniui; tbeniselves to that (jucstion, lliey have
anticipated the business, ami have gone to new argu-
ments for new forming the bill, which do not ajiply
Against reading it a second time but rather for il. Sir,
1 will follow them so far as to slate lo the house, ami
endeavour to answer tijc objections tla-y have urged.
The honorable genlloinen complain, that llio boiuals
of Canada extend a i^reat way beyond what they were
acknowledged to do '"ormerly, and that it was peculiarly
bad policy, as far as regarded the French, to give Ibe
limits so great an extension. Now, the house will
remember, that the whole of Canada, as we allowed il
to extend, was not included in the proclamalion, that
the bounds were not co-ci|ual wilb it as it stood dieii,
and that it is not included in the present Act of I'arlia-
meni, if that were material.

" But I will not. Sir, consider it as llio province that
formerlv belonged to Francc\ nor is called by ihe same
name : it is a new sclieine of a constilulioii adapled for
a part of tlio country, not ibat part only which was
under French government, but embracing many olher
parts of great extent, which formerly were not actually
under French government, but worn certainly occupied
in dilTerunt parts by Frcncli settlers, and French selllers
onlv. The honorable gentlemen ate mistaken if ibey
suppose tliat the bounds described embrace, in point <if
fact, any F3nglisb settlement. I know of no F'nglish
settlement embraced by it. I have heard a great deal
of the commencement of English sctllcmenis ; but as
far as 1 have read, they all lie on ihe other side of ihe
Ohio. I know, at the same time, that there have been
for nearly a century past, setllements in ditferent parts
of all this tract, especially the southern parts of il, niul
to tbo eastern bounded by the Ohio and Mississippi ;
but with regard to that part, there have been dillerent
tracts of French setllements established, as (ar as they
arc inhabited by any but Indians. I take those settle-
ments lo have been allogethor French ; so that the ob-
jections certainly want foundation. Willi regard to
the cast, there is no doubt but the bounds of those parts
are extended largely ; and that the laws by which ibey
are proposed to be governed are calculaleil either for a
country perfectly settled, which is not the case of that
country at present to the south, or they are calculated
to carry that degree of control and authority which is
neccssiiry. As to the settlements that lie to the stmlh,
in ordor'to prevent the inconvenience of uncontrolled
settlement in that view, I have been persuaded lo think
the extent of this Province may be a political and a pro-
per measure ; but wilb respect to the circumstance of
the French founding any claim upon it, I confess it is
a notion more refined than my understanding will em-
brace. My notion is, that in the state tliey were in,

■ lliey were nearer to this country, am! Iheir claim against
the length of that extent depends upon no other circum-
stance whnlcver. It is undoubtedly true, if you read
llio French history, that the biuinds prescriheil neither
are, nor ever wire, the bounils of the Province of
Canada, an slai '. by the French ; and, iherefore, the
argiiineiit itself is not a proper one to proceed u|M)n.
liul. Sir, let us consider it in a point of view more
[, serious. Let us consider it established as an English
|i province. The house has been told, that this bill
I triMiclies considerably upon the claim of other chartered
ji provinces. I do not prcli'iul to be extremely familiar
I with ihcir boumis, but I apprehend i'enn.sylvaiiia has
;l never been slated by any of its proprietors lo go one
' Hire of laud wilhiii the prccincis of ibis new province.
Willi regard lo other chartered governments, there is
no doubt that various C(Uitesls lo the north of Pennsyl-
vania have arisen upon Iheir bounds, and this has been
stated, and allowed by llis Majesty in his piivy
council ; which I suppose, was the occasion of intro-
ducing the |ilirase in this part of the bill. With regard
lo the more souiberii part of the counlry, 1 do not lake
il that \'irginia ha.^ ever nuule a single claim wilhin
more than a hundied miles of Ibe bounds prescribed
for ihe present pinvince. 'I'lio ii)o>l ixlensivc claim
I ever beard of, went to what is called the endless
mounliiins, just in a nook of the Province of Virginia.
I know of none that ever pretended to exceed ibal, nor
ever beard ihiit some new setllements which were ap-
plied for, between ibcse moiiiilailis and the Ohio, have
ever been looki'd upon as an invasion of the rights of
those who have claims upon Ibe Province of Virginia.

r„ge i20. — " Look back. Sir, lo every i)ago of
history, and I defy you to produce a single instance, in
whidi a conipieror went to lake away fiom aconipier-
cd province, by one rough stroke, tin; whole of their
constiiulion, the whole of ibuir laws under which they
lived, and to impose a new idea of rn/bt and wrong,
of which they <!oulil : ol discern the means or the end,
but would fiiid ihem.H'Kes at a loss, and be at an
expense greater than individuals could alford, in order
to inform tlicmselves whether they were right or wrong.
This was a sort of cruelty, which I believe, was never
yet practi.sed, and never (uigbt lo be. My notion, with
regard to this matter, 1 will venture to throw out as
crude and general. To enter into the subject fully,
would rcqiiiru more discussion than the nature of such
a debate as this will admit of. My notion is, that it is
a change of sovereignty. Vou acquired a new counlry ;
you acquired a new people ; but you do not soile the
right of conquest, as giving you a right lo goods and
chattels. Tiial would bo slavery and extreme misery.
In order to make the acquisition either available or
secure, this seems to be the line that ought to be tbllow-
cd — you ought to change those laws only which relate
lo the French .sovereignty, and in their place sub.stilute
laws which should relate lo ibe new sovereign : but
wilb respect lo all other laws, all other customs and
institutions whatever, which arc indilTerent to the state
of subjects and sovereign, humanity, justice, and wis-
dom eipiallv conspire lo advisn you to leave them to
Ihe people just as lliey were. Their liappines.s depends
upon il ; their allegiance to their new sovereign
depends upon it.

Pago 184 —-June Glh.— Lord North.—" There arc
great difiicullies, as to the best mode of proceeding.
I apprehend the alteration I am about to propose will
save every right where there is a right. I will ex-
plain the amendment I intend to make ; if that should
not give satisfaction, gentlemen will s'.atc what it is
they propose to substitute in its stead. We shall then
ascertain bow far we shall he able to make any thing
more precise. The (piestion is an extremely dilTicult

[68]

one. It id usiiiil to liavu ililVfronl boiindiiriBg Iniil
(li)wn ill ilill'iTciil iiiiinntTs. Whorollic Kini; is in.islor
(if the cimnliv, IIkmu tlii^y iiro drawn liy His Mnjt'sty's
ollicurs oiilv ; wIilto tlitMi- liiis licon iiny giaiil or
cimrlor, iiikI il liiis Ih'I'Ii lU'Cissaiy In <lraw u lionmlaty
liiH', iIkmi, not iiiily His ^^ljL'^ly's (illiciMS liiit coinmis-
sioiii'rs liavi! Iic'cii a|i|ioiiili'(l, aiui lniiutlior tlii'V ilr.iw ii
lilif, siil)jfit aCtfi wards to an a|i|K'al to lliu jirivy
voui'xil ; tlicrclori' lliat diNtiiii lion is iimdc lirri!. Il is
iiilfndi?d, iininL'diati.'ly al'lcr llii.- p.i.s.siiii; nf this Act, to
go on willi llif projrcl of riinnin>; tlio lioiiiidary line
liolweon QiicliiT and \t\v Yoik nnil I'eiinsylvaniii,
iic, lii'loiii;iim to lliu Crown. This is inadu to pre-
vonl tilt' I'roviiK'c of Qiu'lu'c from cnLToacliinj: on llio
limits of any of llu'se prams wliero no lioiindary lias
licon st'llleil. I find many giiuh-nien aro disirous of
liiivinj^ sotiutliini; still inori" [irrcisc, if |iossild('. To
this I have no olijcrtion ; luit we iirn so iniicli in lliii
dark as to tliu situation of this coiiiUry, lliat il is not
possihio In do any thins; inoro safe, than .savins; Ihr
rinlils of llic oilier roliinics, having llicln to he sellli'd
on the spill hv commissioners."

No. \^.

E.rlract from a Lclirr dated the i\iit June, \1S't,
from (Scoriae Spriiule, Ksijiiire, Surrei/or (Irnirat
of \eir Bnnt!iiiii(l,\ la Sniinul llolliiiid, r'ni/iiiir,
Siirre;i(>r (ioicral of the I'niriiiir of (^luliir, on
thr .iiihjcct of the btiundary line lulivcen tliu.ie
I'rouiiwes.

" CiTV OK S.\iNT John's,

" 21st June, 1785.

" Govnrnor Cnrlrlon, I believe, purpnscfi writing on
this suhji'ct, to Lieutunant-Uovorimr Humiltoii, by llils

opportunity.

" .\ roinmunirnlioii over-lnnd, from liero to Cnnnda
is i>arni'slly wished for, liut I fenr little can bu done in
that busines.s hy this Province lor some time to come ;
your idea of forwardiiii; it, by .seltling the Miidnwnska,
we innrli approve of, and ns niiiny scltlers ns cliuso
that sitinitiiiii will reruivo every encouragement, and
have lands assigned them on application here. Thin
hiisini'.sK, I find has been tor some time in contempln-
tion, soine licnues of oreu|iatiun beiiiij already ginnlcd
hv tiovernur Carlcton."

No. 41.

E.rtraet from the Oris^inal Grant of the Seigniory
of Luke Mdldjiediuch.

" Concession du 20me Mai, 1691, failo par Jean
Hochart, liitenilani, au Sieur Nicholas Joseph Dnmour,
du r^ac appele Miitiipediach, avcc uiiu licuo do tcrro
tout uutour d'icclui."

IKgistre d'Tntendnnce, No. i, folio 17,

No. 45.

" My Dear Sin,

" I had the pleasure of receiving yestorday your
letter of iho 2.3rd May, which is the only one of yours
that has come lo hand since Deceiiiher his!, at which
time I receivcil one in London hy an olficer from
(iuehec.

" The meeting you propose on llie business of asrcr-
tainin'.; the line hctwei'n llie provinces would afl'ord
me the utmost pleasure, but the necessity of such a
measure does not appear to us .so very cssclial at
present, nor would the hurry of business in my ollice
ull'ord me leisure to do it, wilhoul too great an obstruc-
tion to the more material business of settling the
refugees in this pari of the Province. |

" By your letter you seem to think that the
Tamasfpiala lake and the discharge therefrom (or the
Mailawaska river) fall into your Province ; surely
some great mistake or misinformation must occasion
this idea.

" New Brunswick is bounded on the northward by
the bounds or line settled by Act of Parliament be-
tween \ova Scotia and Canada, which Act expressly j
mentions the line between those Provinces is to run on
the hcigiit of land separating the rivers that fall into !
the Saint Lawrence from those that fall into the Sea ; |
therefore the Tamasquata waters discharging them-
selves by the Madawaska into the Saint John and by
that river into the Sea, n^nders the business so clear
that your error can only originate from a want of
knowledge of our limits, or not having lately perused
the Act describing the bounds of your Province.

List and Description of the Maps appended to the
Report on the Roiindary Line between Canada
and A'eui Brunswick.

lrt-GE.\ERAL MAP, A.

This Map embraces the whole of the country from
the C lib to the 72ml degree of west longitude, and bc-
iwccn the 45th and lOJlh degrees of north latitude,
comprising within its limits the entire region travei.'ied
by the original sonlberii boundary line of the Province
of Quebec, from the gulf of Saint Lawrence to the
Connecticut river.

Upon this Map are delineated the most important
features of llie country, together with the general divi-
sions of the same, whether natural or artificial, as far
as authorities could be found for doing so correctly ;
and the whole is carefully adjusted according to the
latest observations for latitude and longitude, approach-
ing, as it is believed, to a degree of accuracy not be-
fore attained in any compilation of the kind, relating to
the same sections of the country.

This Map is mostly taken from a larger compilation,
comprising all the Hrilish North American pos.se.ssions,
whicli is now in the course of <'ompletion by Joseph
Boucliette, esquire, of the Surveyor General's Depart-
ment in this Province, the parts embraced in the pre-
sent Map A being improved by the introduction there-
in of all the emendations contained in the other com-
pii.'tions, made expressly fur illustrating and explain-
ing i!}is report.

[69]

3n4-MAl' B.

This it a topogrnphicnl Map, compiled frntn vnrinun
ofliciHl plans uf surveys anil exploralions, mnilo unilrr
the respcclivo autli()ritiesi)l'tlipgovcrnm(<ntsurC'!inaJu,
New lirunnwick snd the Amori'^an Stale nf Maine.
It is laid down on a large scale fur the uurposu of
serving as a distance Map, as well as fur snowing in
a distinct form, the several grants made hv cither go-
vernment within the limits of ihu dii>|iiited territory.
The latitudes and longitudes are adjustvd according to
the ohsorvntions of Dr. Tiarks, tiio Hrilish astronomer,
formerly employed in exploring part of '.liat territory.

SM-MAP C.

In many respects Map C is similar to the hoforr
mentioned Map li, being an entirely new compilation
drawn on the samo scalo as the latter, and like that,
adopted to tiie latitudes and longitudes given by Dr,
Tiarks.

Tlie principal ohjcct fr,: which this Map is required
is for .showing clearly and distinctly, in conjunction
with other, writlen authorities, the true and relative
positions of meridian lines proceeding northward, from
the western and northern sources, respectively, of the
river Saintu Croix, and also liic actual direction of the
exploratory north line from tiio latter .source, as traced
in 1817 and 1S18, and since confirmed by the treaty of
Washiii!rton, as the separating line between Her Bri-
tannic Majesty's possessions and the adjoining part of
the American State of Maine.

'ltb-MAI> D.

This is simply a tranw'ript of a Map received from
Now Brunswick, rertifiud by the signature of tho
Surveyor General of that Province, and showing tho
iiosilion, date and amount of all grants of land made
by tho government of New Brunswick, lo bo west of
tho exploratory north lino, traced from the northern
souro! of tho river Saint Croix, and to the north of tho
river Saint John.

6ih-MAl' E,

Map E. is a copy of a sketch received from Ntiw
Brunswick, cerlined by liic Surveyor Guncral of tliat
Province, shewing tho origiual position of tiic reserve
fur tile town uf Ualhouse.

«lli-MAl' r.

Tiiis Maj) is an extract from an olBcial plan of
sundry surveys, mad.! under tho authority of \ow
Brunswick. It contains tho delineation of certain lots
of Innil granted by that Province, the descriptions of
which grants are foimd in documents inserted in this
Appeiidix Nos. 18 and 19. Those documents in con-
junction with Map E, form very important cvidcnro
ij lo oppose to thi statement, made on behalf of Now
Brunswick, concerning the position of tlie head of t]uy
Bay des Cbaleurs.

Desbauats

iHontvtal:
& DERBisumE. Printer to the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty.

184-4.

GEXERJl JUT, A .

Shewinij the SOUTHERN BOUNDARY of the

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