IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)

^^> ^

J^"^^

^^ ^^ WJ>.

1.0

1.25

ui D^

2.5
2.2

1.1 l.-^li^

1.8

U ill 1.6

^.,.

•'/

Photographic

Sciences
Corporation

23 WEST MAIN STREcT

WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580

(716) 872-4503

#^\

' ^
^\^\

>7*.

"O^A, l^..^

^s-

^ £p<

€^.r

CiHM/ICMH

Microfiche

Series.

CIHM/ICMH
Collection de
microfiches.

Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques

Tschnical and Bibliographic Notas/Notas tochniquaa at bibliographiquas

Tha Instituta has attemptad to obtain tha bast
original copy availabia for filming. Faaturas of this
copy which may ba bibliographically unique,
which may altar any of tha imagas in tha
reproduction, or which may significantly changa
tha usual method of filming, ara chackad balow.

Coloured covers/

Couvertura da couieur

I I Covers damaged/

Couverture endommagie

Covers restored and/or laminated/
Couverture restaurie et/ou pellicul^e

Cover title missing/

La titre de couverture manque

Coloured maps/

Cartes g^ographiquas en couleur

Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or blacki/
Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bieua ou noire)

Coloured plates and/or illustrations/
Planches et/ou illustrations en couleur

Bound with other material/
RallA avac d'autres documents

Tight binding may causa shadows or distortion
along interior margin/

La re liure serrie peut causer de I'ombre ou da la
distorsion la long do la marge intirieure

Blank leaves added during restoration may
appear within the text. Whenever possible, these
have been omitted from filming/
II se pcut que certainas pages blanches ajouties
lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans la texte,
maia, lorsque cela Atait possible, c^s pages n'ont
pas iti filmtes.

Additional comments:/
Commentaires suppldmantairas;

L'Institut a microfilm* la mailleur exemplaire
qu'll lui a M possible de se procurer Les details
de cet exemplaire qui sont peut-^tre uniques du
point de vue bibliographiqua, qui peuvent modifier
una image reproduite, ou qui peuvent exiger une
modification dans la mithode normale de fill laga
sont indiqute ci-dessoua.

The
to t

□

D
D

Coloured pages/
Pages da couleur

Pages damaged/
Pages ondommagias

Pages restored and/or laminated/
Pp^es restauries et/ou pelliculies

Pages discoloured, stained or foxed/
Pages dicolories, tacheties ou piquiss

Pages detached/
Pages d^tachees

Showthrough/
Transparence

Quality of print varies/
Quality in^gale de ('impression

includes supplementary material/
Comprend du matiriei suppli^mentaire

Only edition available/
Seule Mition disponiblo

Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata
slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to
ensure the best possible image/
Les psges totaiement ou partiellament
obscurcies par un feuillet d'errata, une pelure.
etc.. cnt iti fiimies i nouveau de facon i
obtenir la meilleure image possible.

The

POS:
Oft

film

Ori(

beg

the

sior

othi

first

sior

or il

The
shal
TINl
whii

Mar
tiiffi
entii
begi
righ
reqb
metl

This aem is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/

Ce document est film* au taux do reduction indiqu* ci-dassous.

10X

14X

18X

22X

12X

16X

20X

26X

30X

TH n

24X

28X

32X

lire

details
jes du

modifier
)er une

fill laga

^es

The copy filmed here has been reproduced thanks
to the generosity of:

Seminary of Quebec
Library

The images appearing here are the best quality
possible considering the condition and legibility
of the original copy and in keeping with the
filming contract specifications.

Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed
beginning with the front cover and ending on
the last page with a printed or illustrat9d impres*
sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All
other original copies are filmed beginning on the
first page with a printed or illustrated impres-
sion, and ending on the last page with a printed
or illustrated impression.

The last recorded frame on each microfiche
shall contain the symbol —^ (meaning "CON-
TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"),
whichever applies.

L'exemplaire film4 fut reproduit grAco A la
g^ntrositi de:

S4rrinaire de Quebec
Bibliothique

Les imat^es sulvantes ont M reproduitas avac le
plus grand soln. compte tanu de Is condition et
de la nettetA de I'sxemplaire filmA, et en
conformity avec les conditions du contrat de
filmage.

Les exemplaires origlnajx dont la couverture en
papier est imprimis sont film<ks en commen9ant
per le premier plat et «n terminant soit par la
dernlAre page qui comporte une empreinte
d'impression ou d'iiluatration, soit par le second
plat, selon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires
originaux sont 'ilmis en commen^ant par la
premiere page qui comporte une empreinte
d'impression ou d'illustration et en teri^inant par
la derniire paga qui comporte une telle
empreinte.

Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la
dernlAre image de cheque microfiche, selon le
cas: le symbols — *• signifie "A SUIVRE", le
symbols V signifie "FIN".

errata

i to

9 peture,

on d

32X

Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at
tiifferent reduction ratios. Those too large to be
entirely included in one expoFure are filmed
beginning in tne upper left hand corner, left to
right and top to bottom, as many frames as
required. The following diagrams illustrate the
method:

Los cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Atre
filmAs k des taux de reduction diffArents.
Lorsque le document est trop grand pour itre
reproduit en un seui cliche, il est filmi A partir
do Tangle supAriftur gnuche. de gauche h droite,
et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre
d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants
illustrent la mAthode.

Tho information contained in this notice is to b* carefully considered, to be noted in the

Sailing Directions, and compared with the chart when the i»hip is

navigating the parts to which it refers.

Hydrograpliic. Notice,
[ No. 11. ]

LABRADOR ~ NORTH - EAST
COAST.

The following information relating to the north-east coast of Labrador,
between Capo Saint Lewis and Nain, is by Navigating Lieutenant
W. F. Maxwell, R.N., Admiralty Surveyor, 1873-5*

All Bearings are Magnetic, Variation in 1876 :

Cape St. Lewis - 38° 0' fV.
Occasional harbour 39° 0' fV.
Domino Run - 40° 30' fV.

Cape Porcupine
Hatton island
Nain

- 41° SO' W.

- 43° 0' fV.

- 45° 40' rv.

CAPE SAINT LEWIS TO NAIN.

CAVa 81. &XWX8, the north point of St. Lewis Sound, is a bold
headland, sloping steeply to seaward. A low black rock lies close to the
cape, with de?p water at 2 cables distance

Deepwater creek, immediately north of Cape St. Lewis, is a narrow
inlet nearly half a mile deep, with steep rocky sides, and a few houses
at the head. Landing from boats may be effected, even in a heavy sea
at the fishing stages, alongside which there is deep water.

7BTTT BAXBOVB lics between Southern and Northern heads. The
former, a mile north of Deepwater creek, tiopes down from a bare hill 384
feet high, surmounted by u flagstaff j and a valley divides the point into two

* See Admiralty charts :-Labrador, No. 1,422; Cape St. Charles to Sandwich bay,
No. 263 ; Sandwich bay to Nain, includiug Hiimiitou inlet, No. 37.5 ; and Camp islands
to Mecklenburg harbour, No. 133; Also, Hydrographic Notices, No. 22 of 1867
(Occasional harbour to Hopedale) ; No. 3 of 1873 ; and No. 11 of 1875.

3904L ^

suii.mit8, ending in a cliff-faced covo 1§ cables deep. Northern head is the
dirt" termination of a round hill 343 foet high, the spur of a higher range
surmounted by a large boulder, 408 feet above high water. The north
part of this point is marked by conspicuous white stripes.

The entrance of the harbour is N. } W. IJ miles nearly from Southern
head, on the north side of a peninsula 39 feet above high water, on which
are some houses and a flagstaff. The passage in to the harboiu- has a
sharp bend round this peninsula, and should only bo taken by a sailing
vessel with a commanding breeze. It is 250 foet from shore to shore, and
18 still further narrowed by shoal water fringing the north shore, and a
rock with 9 feet water on it lying 150 feet off the south shore just within
the narrows. The harbour then expands to an average width of a quarter
of a mile and to a mile in length. The depth of water, varies from 18 to
12 fathoms in the centre, and the shores are bold-to except on the north.

Rook— A rock with 2i fathoms water on it, and 13 fathoms close-to, is
situated half a cable off the west point of Hogan cove, an indentation in
the north shore.

Petty harbour affords good anchorage, being directly on the sea coast is
available as a refuge, and when necessity arises can always be entered by
keeping in mid-channel till the harbour opens, and then hauling up close to
the north shore till the rock off the south shore is passed.

BASSnr BA-r or BA&Moir BZOHT, an open bay with a little shoal
water at the head, runs in North 1^ miles from Northern head.

SPSA.V roxKT, N.E. | N. 4^ miles neai-ly from Cape St. Lewis, slopes
gently from an elevation of 190 feet. Off the point close-to is a rock that
covers, but the point may be approached to half a cable.

SPBAB BABBOVR, west of Spear point, is entered from a bay between
two islands. North island, 50 feet high, is steep-to on the south side, is
shoal on the north, and a ledge projects 50 feet from the west extreme.
West island, 52 feet above high water, has a reef stretching 150 feet from
the Avest end. The east extreme of Western head shut in with the west
side of North island clears this reef, but the shoal water can be seen easily
and is steep-to.

To enter, keep North island close on board until the shoal water off
West island is seen, when a course may be steered between the shoals. It
would be advisable for a long vessel to send a boat to mark the extreme of
that shoal, and the boat can be rounded close-to. The two arms branching
west from the anchorage in 7^ fathoms within the islands are shallow.

A disadvantage of this harbour is that the indraught carries icebero-s
into the entrance sometimes so aa to completely block it until a westerly
wind drives them out.

Several fishing banks Ho off tho harbour, but none aro dangerous.

tittle Spear barbour and »aul Foters cove.— Between Harren bay and
Spoar harbour aro Little Spoar harbour and Paul Peters cove, both oi>en
and wild.

Tinker bank, with 4 fathoms water, lies N. J E. half a milo from Sfiear
point, and 8.S.E. 3^ cables from American island. Tho summit of Jack
Fling island N.W. by N., open east of American island, leads a cable east
of the shoal.

Ibe ocsat from Spear point to Sealing bight is steop dark cliff, with a
deep gorge, Davis gulsh, that crosses Spear point in »N.W. by N. direction.

American Island, 67 foot high, is separated from thJH coant by a channel
a little more than a cable %vi(k', in which is a rock with If fathorps on it,
nearer American island than the mainland.

7aok TUnr Island, 99 feet high, is a conical gray island with the remains
of a salmon catcher's hut near the .summit. It consists of two portions
nearly joined and a low black rock off the west extreme.

Jack Fling bank, with 6^ fathoms water, lies North If cables from Jack
Fling island.

BBAZ.nro BZOHT. an open bay N.N.W. ^ W. 1^ miles from Spear
point, is half a mile deep and 1| cables wide, and divides at the head in two
coves with shingle beaches. Within the islet at the mouth of the south
cove, tho water is shoal, and there are conspicuous white houses at the
head. Tho water is deep, and a heavy sea in northerly gales prevents it
being used as an anchorage except with off-shore winds.

Mad Moll, with 6 feet water, lies in the middle of the entrance,
and N.W. ^N.2 cables from the north point of Jack Fling island. There
aro 9 fathoms close to.

rish, Herrlngf.net, and Helgb islands are situated off the north point of
Sealing bight. Heigh island is bluff, 131 feet above high water, and
separated from that point by a clear channel three-quarters of a cable
wide. Tiiere is no passage between this and the other islands.

Tbe Scab, a rock v,itli 1^ fathoms water, is the extreme of foul
ground off Fish island, 11 cables N.W. i N. from the north point.

MvaXAT RAKBOUR, an inlet 4J cables deep and l^ cables wide, lies
half a mile from Fish island. It contains good anchorage in 4 to
5 fathoms, gradually shoaling to the shores. Beyond the islet, 3 cables
within the entrance, the water is shoal.

Tho entrance is split into two channels by Harbour island, about
100 feet above high water j the west passage is shoal.

A rock with 2 Icet wator on it lies S.S.VV. ^ VV. 80 yards from
Harbour island, nnd h steep-to on the ofiat side. Double islandH well
open oast of Harbour Island, leads east of the rock.

To enter the harbour the east point must bo kept close on board, and the
vessel anchored in mid-channel, off the houses.

■alt vond bead, the west point of Murray harbour, dividing the latter
from Sophia harbour, is bold and steep-to.

BOVHXA HASBous extends S.W. 1^ miles from Suit Pond head,
where it takes a sudden turn to the eastward and expands into Salt pond,
a shallow basin noarI)»it mile long and half a mile wid". There are no
dangers in mid-channel. Good shelter may be had in small vessels
at the head, but largo vessels should seek shelter only in Mecklenburg
liarbour.

Terms head, forming the west side of Sophia harbour, is dark and
bluff, terminating in a hillock 100 feet above high water.

Chapel Island, half a mile north of Salt Pond head, has a deep channel
on both sides of it, the west quite free from danger. It consists of two
parts ; the cast a cliff-faced islot 60 leet high, and the west, green and
sloping, 112 feet above high water. Fishing boats often seek shelter in
the channel between these two islands. The north and east sides of the
island have deep water close to. Shoal water extends a quarter of a cable
from the west point, and a short distance from the south point of the
larger island. Chapel island rock, generally breaking, is situated between
the south points of the two portions.

Boldler sboal, with 2^ fathoms, is the shoalest part of a bank which lies
N.N.E. i E. 4 cables nearly from Salt Pond head, and E. by S. half a mile
from the south extreme of Chapel island. The shoal extends N.E. ^ E. a
quarter of a mile, and falls suddenly to 19 fathoms.

MOBQVXTO COVB is a deep open bay, west of Sophia harbour,
divided into two coves by Aaron island, 59 feet above high water.

ZiXTT&B HASBOim, W.N.W. a little more than a mile from Salt Pond
head, affords snug shelter for small vessels. The entrance is only 300 feet
wide, and the channel is still further narrowed to 200 feet by shoal water
off the south shore ; the banks then recede, forming a basin 3 cables loiur
with an average width of a cable and a depth of 2^ fathoms, mud ; there is
gooi holding ground as far as an islet 5 feet above high water. Only
2| fathoms can be carried in by keeping the north shore close on
board.

A shoal with 3^ fathoms water on it, and 6 to 7 fathoms close to,
is situated E. by S, i S. 4 cables from the entrance to Little harbour,

and iS.W. by W. ^ W. 3 cJibloH IVom tho Houth oxdomo of Cliapel
islnncl.

■•imon point, dividing Little harbonr nnd Port Charlotto, is a stoop
point, HJopiiig from a conical bill 157 feet above bish water.

VOmT OKAXIiOTTa, 2 Hides in length, is outorod by a narrow foul
chaniiol, tbat wbould not bo taken without a pilot, except in an cmorgoncy.
It expands into n deep bay with good anchorage in 11 to 15 fathoms.
Road island, 17 feet above liigh water, is in the entraucc, and is nciirly
joined to tho west point by rocks nnd shoal water. Off the south side is
a rock that covers, nnd a reef extends 2 cables from the west extreme ia
tho line of tho entrance. Shoals of 3 and 3^ fathoms lie S.W. a cablo
from that reef, nnd a rock with If fathoms water lies half a cable off
Level point, the first within tho entrance on tho enst shore. Bottom nrrrt
at the head is three-quarters of a mile dt^p. Anchorage may bo had in it
in 6^ fathoms, mud, as far as tho narrows, half a mile from the mouth of
the arm. Shonl water extends from either shore of tho narrows, but by
keeping mid-channel 4 fathoms water may be carried to tho inner basin,
where there is perfect shelter for small craft, nnd good holding ground in
7^ fathoms.

Slreotlona. — To cuter Port Charlotte keep tho summit of Chapel island
open north of Salmon point, and bearing E. by S. until the north end of
a shingle beach in Mecklenburg harbour is open west of Road islanii,
when tho low west point of Chapol island bearing E. ^ S. must be brought
just open of Salmon point to dour the 3 -fathoms shoal ; and when Duck
island, a small islet iieur the west shore, bears N. by E., the vessel will
be clear of tho shoals, nnd may be hauled to tho southward and anchored
as convenient.

MXCXunrBirxo HAXBomi is west of Chnpcl island, and contains an
outer nnd inner anchorago. Tho outer is easy of access, and gives good
shelter in 18 to 13 fathoms without danger as far ns Groon island, which
divides the arms,*

iRrater may be procured easily from n brook at the head of Man-of-war
cove, the arm north of Crecn island.

The inner anchorage west of Green island has a shoal bank, with 3 feet
least water, extending from tho north shore nearly halfway across; rocks
which cover lie off the nortli shore, and a bank with 3 fathoms water is
situated three-quarters of a cable off tho south shore just within tho
entrance. No natural mark was found to clear these dangers, nnd tho
inner anchorago should not be soughi without the aid of u chart or a pilot

* S«e plan of Port Charlotte, Mecklenburg, and Sophia harbours on Admiralty
chart, No. 133.

Orowir he«d, tho point of tho oun-aco north of Clmpel islnnd, is deeply
indontcd hy HssuroH 2 «T.l»lea deep.

BOVa&B MX.AirD8. two bare gray rocks, are divide<l hy a nnrrow
shallow channel a ^innvWr of ,i cahlo wide. Tho hifrhoHt is North 3 miles
nearly from Spear point, and (i.j foit al)ove high water.

A rock that generally breaks lies three-quarters of a cable from tlie
south-east extreme, but otherwise these ialunds am bold-to.

ri«t i.uaa, N.W. by N. 1^ miles from Double islands, is a black rock
about 20 f..et above high water. lu .-ontinuation of it sho.U water
exlnuls a cable, but it may be appnmehod beyond that distance on tho
east side.

Double Uland bank, with H fathoms water, lies N. by W. A W.
4J cables from Double islands.

THD axBitsxsB, witii 8 f.dhoms water o'cr it, .id 14 fathoms close
to, is situated E. by N. i N. three-quarters of a .nile nearly from
Flat island. Both these sho.ds a.-e reported to bre>ik in autumnal
gales.

co»»«« Ml^KD, N. J E. 3i miles nearly from Double islands, is
186 leet above high water, grass-covered and flat-topped, with steep sides
and boht-to. It is separated from tho south side of Gran by ishmd by a
channel a quarter of a mile wide, in the middle of which is Breaking rock
that covers at high water. '

^.tttle copper Uland, a small white islet 35 feet above high water, is
situated just west of Copper island.

OBAWST zsx.AirD is .'urmountcd by a conspicuous flat-topped hill
461 feet above high water. The west shore is steep-to.

I-lsb roch, 1 1 feet above high water, N. by E. ^ E. 3^ miles from
Double islands, is separated by a narrow channel from the south extreme
of Granby island.

The coast between Fish rock and St. Francis harbour is cliffj , rugged,
and much indented.

St. rrano;- Sarboup is very small, tlie anchorage space being only
2 cables in length and 1^ cables in width. It is situated west of cape
St. Francis, and the entrance is well marked by the watch-house and lla-r.
staff on Pigeon island, 43 feet above high water. The harbour consists
of two arms divided by a round hill «2 feet high, east from which are
Chain rocks, low and flat ; south of the hill is a low islet.

Round harbour, the .south arm, is free fron. danocr, and aflbrds good
anoliorage for small vessels in 4^ iathoms, sand and gravel. It is 3 cables

daop and » little more thnn n cable 'yi«;;. Ihe north arm may bo easily
(ll^tinguiHhert by ibo houbo ami ^ dfob en the east Bboro. It can bo
entered fiom either niilo of Pigeon island in mid-channel till Chuin rocks
are pasHw!, then haul to tln! westward and anchor.

A rook with 5 feet water litm 250 feet otF the shore soutli-east of the
store houses.

OAria ST. ntAWOis, N. by E. J^ E. 7^ miles nearly fiom Spear point,
is a flai-topped rocky Island 115 foot nbovc high water, separated from the
nminland by a narrow deep j)a8«a^yj fit for a boat except in a heavy swell.
The iwland is bold-to on all sides.*

St. rranols harbour blfbt, I^ miles north ot capo Tt. Francis, is 3
cables deep and 7 cables wide. Indian boad, a stoop bluff 195 teet high,
murks the approacb .o this bight, and forms the south side of Fish covo,
a deep inlet ending in a ravine.

Burko island, S5 foot above high water, is on the east sido of the bight.
It is flat, has several houses on it, and is separated from Granby island by
Pipers tickle, a narrow bor: ^l.Minel. West of this tickle are iwo flat
rocks just above high water.

Flat islands, 3 foot above liigh water, lie in the centre of the bight, and
are shoal to the point off which they are situated.

A rock awash at low water lies half a cable off Cogan covo at the south
end, and is the only dunger.

(ieorgo tickle head is round and green, 119 feet above high water, and
the north point of St. Francis harbour bight.

Anohoragre may be had in this bight in 10 frthoms, nuul, east of Flat
islands, with good shelter from all winds, the mouth of the bight being
nearly !and-locke<l by Burke, Long, and Hare islands. The channel
between George tickle head and Long island is clear.

itong Island consists of two peaked hummocks, the north 137 feet and
the south 101 feet above high water, joined together by a low i.^c-k of
land, and separated from Hare island by a channel 100 feet wide at the
soutli end.

Hare lalan<t, 356 feet high, is dark and flat-topped, with a cliffy shore,
sttcp-to.

Red Island, 67 feet above high water, is N. | E. a little more than
a mile from cape St. Francis. Kocks that g«sncrally break extend a cable
froni the west side.

* When close inshore, uear Cnpe St. Frantiii, a deflection of the compass Las been
observed.

Ked island shoal, with 5^ fathoms, breaking in heavy gales, is situated
south 1^ cables nearly from Red island.

rzsBZiro-aBZP harbour is formed by the three Fishing-ship islands.
The entrance is N.W. by N. nearly a mile from the north point of Hare
island.*

We.t island is bold and clifF-faced on the east side, but from the north
point shoal water stretches half a cable. The south shore slopes gradually
to the sea, has foul ground off all the points, and should not be approached
nearer than a cable. A shoal with 7 fathoms water lies S. by E. ^ E.
3i cables from the islet, about 10 feet above high water, the north-west
extreme of West island. West tickle, separating West island from the
mainland, is shallow.

irortli.west arm is {. good anchorage 7 cables long and 3 cables broad,
between West island and the mainland. It is free from all but the follow-
ing dangers, namely :— A rock with 6 feet water off the entrance to West
tickle, nearly a cable from the shore ; and a rock that covers one foot at
high water with shoal ground off it, a cable from the west shore near the
head. The north point of West island should not be brought east of S.E.
to clear the first rock.

Anchorage may be had in 14 to 7 fathoms as convenient.

The channel between West and Middle islands is clear, and a vessel
may stand close to the shores when beating, except off the north point of
West island.

Ba^an arm is a continuation of North-west arm through a channel half
a cable wide, with 1| fathoms in it at low water, and may be entered by
keeping mid-channel. After passing the narrows the water deepens, but
it shouhl not be enteied except with local knowledge.

Bast tuiand consists of a series of hummocks, the summit near the east
end is faced with cliff 329 feet above high water, and there is a sharp
peak 163 feet high over north extreme.

It is separated from the mainland l\ cables wide, narrowed to half a
cable by an islet 3 feet above high water, with a sunken rock off it, and
from 3Iiddlc island by IJoyeans tickle, a channel only a third of a cable
wide, and nearly blocked by shoal water at either end. There is a passacro
by kecpinj: Middle island close on board, but it is rarely attempted even
by local small craft, and should not be (except in distress) by a stranger.
Just inside the tickle is a rock half a cable from East island.

See plan of Fishing Ship Harbour on Admiralty chart, No. 263.

Middle Uland is divided iu two parts by n deep ravino, the uorth flat-
topped, 240 feet, the south 96 feet above high water. Tlic coast line is
rugged and deeply indented. From the points on the cast side shoal
water extends half a cable. The west side is bold-to, but off the south
extreme a shoal with 2 fathoms water lies one third of a cable distant.

Two flat islands, the north and higher 8 feet above high water, lie off
the north side of this island, with shoal water between them and the shore.
From the outar island, rocks with 15 and 6 feet water extend north and
west two-thirds of a cable. There is deep water close to on north-cast
side.

The mainland forming Fishing- hip harbour is rocky and barren. At
the west end is a round hill 203 feet high, separated from the main body
of the hills by a deep valley. From it a low spur, slopes to the southward,
terminating in rugged points. Off the east extreme is a round islet 4 feet
above high water, north of which is a rock that covers. There are 5
fathoms close-to the south extreme.

The east point has shoal water for half a cable off the south part.

Dtreotions. — To enter from the southward, the channel between Middle
and West islands should bo taken, and then in mid-channel between the
Hat islets off Middle island and the round rock off the maiidand. Round-
ing the former at one cable, anchorage may be had as convenient in 12 to
7^ fathoms.

Bound through the north passage, the point of East island should be
rounded at a cable, and then the mainland kept close on board until the
sunken rock off the north point of East island is passed.

i.ancc Cove is a wild bight without shelter, 3^ cables deep, immediately
north of Fishing-ship harbour.

Sloop cove head is the oast point of this bight, and is bold-to. Off the
north point is an islet 8 feet above high water.

The Chimney. — A shoal with 6 fathoms water on it, lies south l\
cables nearly from Sloop cove head.

Sloop Cove is a small cove just west of the head of that name, and may
bo entered from the south by rounding Black rock, an islet close to the
shore, and keeping the east shore on board. Only small vessels can go in,
hut they will find good shelter off the houses at the head. The west side
of the entrance is formed by three low rocks.

capUn bay, 4 ablos deep, lies north of Sloop cove head, and n;u rows
to the westward, expanding again into a basin 1| cables long and a cable
broad, where boats may tind sheltor at the head, and small craft in 9 feet

at low water. In the narrows lies a rook iho,

the north shore on board. ^' """^ ^' ^'''^^^ ^y ^^'P^^S

Pig-eon islana, 82 feet hiffh li'pq ATP <}i i-i /.
is the oust point of Capl bay l!';!' ^ ^f '^« ^''^^ S^««P cove head, and

--ndrn.edba;r:;^~:;-^^^

hu..oc., and are .tnated N. b, E. 2 r.^ ':^;XrX:. InV^""

so:rn::c::r:aC;::i7ir ''- ^^-"- ^-"

after passing whieh t^: lo C t ^^^7^ : ^"^'^ -^'^--^^'
steep wooded slopes surmount i the nof.. T J^«^^ ^« «tmig]>t, and

base of hills intersected by d , .'-avines f "^ ''" '"'" '^^ *^^°

height. ^ ^ '"'^'"''' '^«P^"g from ranges 700 feet iu

RusseU cove, the second on the north sl,nr« • ,, „
boulders a cable from the beach A L \" '*'"°"' ^""^^ ''^^ Jargo
- the south-east point. The ll" of ttT) ""'''''' '''' ^^^ '''' -^

Anohopaye may be obtained off this cove in IR f .i
holding ground. ' '" ^^ fathoms, mud, good

Ship barbour bead, NNF 'iL ^'i e
■■ed patches. It ;, ,teep.,„ „„ „„ ,m1 tI'. ' *;' "«■" '"''f' '"*

Ship h»rlK,u,- head, ,„„„<,"; ,„„ ,12 ?"*', ~™' •"» 'hW «o.u

about CO feet high, fronwhilh LL 7 T" S''"""— ^^ '""und,
a black ..„* 32 fe; ahovo i! ":,'::, """■ "'""'°^ '"« ■'-«-

Atocfc with 4 fathom,, „.„,er U , s s w « f," T"" "'''""°'-
capo St. Michael ope„ either side of th./'- , ,°°, " °'" '^"''" '*"*.

A ,.oa, ,vi,h ./fatho„;;:t '^^t ; w'/'t;""- ■-"■

West Twin island. ^^•^>- w. ^ W . 3 cables nearly from

«-vet.,e Width Of 3ioah,e.aj!r :':cX::^;r:; :-

into Delaney cove on the south, French nnd Trout coves on the north.
Delaney cove is a quarter of a mile deep, and is separated from the head of
Ship harbour by a neck of land 3J cables acoss. Rocks lie off Ihe north
point of this cove, close to the shore. French and Trout coves are 2^
cables deep, and vessels wishing to fish may haul close to the shore
in either cove. The water is shoal close off the point dividing these
coves.*

West of Trout cove the harbour is narrowed to 1^ cables by a pro-
jecting point from the north 8h< , with rocks three-quarters of a cable
from it. Arch cove, west of this point, is a secure anchorage 4 cables
square, with 6 to 12 fathoms water. Mercers island, 3 feet above high
water, 4 cables from this point, marks the last limit of the shoal water, and
west of the anchorage. Boats may proceed to the basin beyond. An islet
37 feet high lies beyond Mercers island.

Lazy bank, with 6^ fathoms least water, is situated E.S.E. 2^ cables
from the point between Arch and Trout coves. The water is deep north
of it, but the bank runs along the shore to the southward.

Anclioragre may be had as con as French cove is open, of the entrance
to that cove; in Delaney cove in 10 fathoms, or anywhere in 14 to 11
fathoms after passing Trout cove point.

'Water may be procured from many places along the shores, but the
most convenient place is on the south shore opposite Arch cove. Fire-
wood may be obtained in abundance.

Xforttaern bead of Occasional harbour, a steep cliff, has a rock close to
a foot above high water.

Hole in the Wall cove lies north of this head, and is 3 cables deep,
having a red clilf at the head with a cave in it.

ST. MZCHASli BAT. — CAPS ST. KXCHAEX is the turning point to
St. Michael bay, north 1^ miles from Twin islands. The coast is steep
and bold-to, the extremities are Hole-in-the-Wall, a remarkable ridge with
a hole through, and Main cape that terminates in a low peninsula.

Main cape bank, with 6 fathoms water, lies E. | N. half a mile from
Main cape.

raise cape, half a mile north of Main cape, is the north side of Cape
cove, 4 cables deep, open and wild, with a deep valley at the head. A
small rock lies off the extreme of False cape, and it is bold-to.

False cape bank, with 13 fathoms least water, lies N.E. by E, three-
(juarters of a mile from Falst^ cape.

See Admiralty plan, Occasional harbour, No. 226 ; scale, w =» 3 inches.

n=»™i F»l« cape bcin. 111!, 7", T ""' -""PcovCi that

-bove high W.U,',. if : ::: „ " J tt; t " r""° '* "^ '-'

of this M„„,, „„,, ,„„,|, „p „^" ' '"".f •'■ ^»l» (fcncnJIy a„cho,- west

pi'r;ur„;r*" '* *"'°"" -«'"-» "-- ^■'^•- ^^ e. u ca.,. r™

water, i, ,„„,h-ea,t a cable front i" "^ ™ ' "'"■ '^ '"""""»

rtotor for boa , 'via '„ °"" "?'"' "'""""-S" »™. "'" aUbrda good

rock »., be :;„; ::sl:" " °^""" *™ ^ «■» "- ^--p

Wghe,. range „„ fte „„,h Z e ! l? r""' """' "'"'""" "^ '"»
l»n.d,r 89o foci above U.^l^l "- ^abra. er e„„„, .h„ ,„„„,, ., „

3^ feee and a „e„l„,„,„ /e frivr^r^r ^r '" "" ^

water. At tbe summit of tbc nortb hillol a "■" '"«'"

a conapieuou, while h„n,e and T. ° "'**"■■ "' "«' "-ase

Wlloek i, . rock that , „ Z's c J "" ", '"" '"""■ "^ "•» »»"'"
All .be channel i, fonl/ d , o UT",? '"" °"""°"'' "> "»"• ' «»'"-
««». a„e„ora,c for .mill tZ Z^^Z^^T:;! 7^'" " """' ""'
the noHh -horc jn,t within the ho,L, " * '""'' '""''' "«"■

»«nr lalaxl. 192 feet above high water 1 i mll„. f t-
as a cone from the sontbwanl I„f. fj ., * ' ''"■" P"""' "'"kos

tl.o -onth .06 fee, above h wL It' LT'tT"'' " '^ """■■"°"'"
water, i, „„ i,|et, „j- ,,u,|°„,„ "" ■ /^ "" °»«'-o«»t en.l, joincl at lew

"orth, a hank ,4„ ,, , , , ' * ""' »-" " 1-lf thle 1| cable,

water S.S.a J K a clble rC -ii:'":;,:;,"' ," """"'"'"' ' ' ™

to half a eable. ^ ^""' ''''°™ '"»/ '>o approaebed

Anotaorare in 8^ to 12 fathoms may be hod on a bank that extends
2^ cables off the east cove on the south shore of this island. The holding
ground is said to be good, though the lead brought up only floral and
rock.

Pox laland, 66 feet above high water, is nearly joined by rocks to the
north-west point of Long island.

Viffeon taiand, 22 feet above high water, is situated N.N.E. | E. 9 cables
from the south end of Long island.

A bank with two shoal parts of 2 and 2| fathoms lies N.W. 3 cables
nearly from Pigeon island. There are 10 fathoms close- to on all sides.
False cape S.S.E. | E. open north of Pigeon island leads east of these
shoals.

Pigeon island rock, with 1^ fathoms water, is an isolated shoal, steep-to,
S.S.E. 2 cables from Pigeon island.

Burnt Island, joined at low water to the west point of Square island, is
separated from Pigeon island by a clear channel 3^ cables broad. Com-
prised between it and Square island is a bay with a small islet in it, off
which shoal water extends south three-quarters of a cable.

BQVASB XS&AITD, dividing St. Michael bay into two parts, is bare,
and surmounted by a double hill 504 feet above high water. The shores
are bold and intersected by numerous ravines, the north-east point ends
in Sugar-loaf, a truncated cone 221 feet high, and Gull island 49 feet
above high water. An islet 7 feet above high water is nearly joined to
Gull island and from it extends halt' a cable. Snapper cove is a deep
indentation west of Sugar-loaf, In it close to the shore are Upper rock
with 4^ fathoms, and Northward rock with 5 fathoms water, smail and
steep-to.

Square Island barbour, a cove 2 cables deep at the south end of the
island, is sheltered by East and West islands, and may be approached by
three channels. The south channel is marked by Motion island, round
and faced by cliffs, 30 feet above high water, and nearly joined to Square
island by a low rock. The middle channel is between East and West
islands, free from danger ; and the north channel between East and Square
isliuuls is clear. Harbour point, south of the harbour, has a rock close
off it, and a rock that covers lies in the cove on the north side. Harbour
rock, 10 feet high, is situated ofl'the oast point, and a bank with 5 fathoms
water lies a tliird of a cable south-east from it. There is no anchorage
for vessels in the harbour to swing clear, though one or two might anchor
in 12 fathoms and moor to the e.hore, but they would have to leave before

ZlTl^"^" ''""' '"• '* " ''"^''^•^"*' '^^^^^'^^^ f^'- fishing craft and
boats, as the water is deep to the shore. g ^ anu

hoZZTr. '^;^^^^.^^^*'' S-<^ shelter maybe had in the channel

llT M n 7 7"' ''''''"'' "^^ ^'^•^ ^^«* ^"^ •" 10 fi^thoms, the only
place available for large vessels. ^

tlllsW ''"' "'^*" "" ^'"^ ^" ^'- "-^^ «hore of

clUuT' *'"' T'" ''''*'' ^'' '^ "'^^'' '^""^'^ °f West island. The
hnne between ,s clear, but they should not be approached in the line
ot their length nearer than a cable.

bnlT*"" T"; ''''"' ^^ ^"'^°'"' '™^'''' '' ^ '^''"gerous rock S.S.E. J E.
hal a mde from the Sisters, and covers a space half a cable square.

S Mi'bT ^ T "T- '^"*" •^'""'^^ ^' * W.. open east of cape
St.^Michael, leads ea3t of Mad Moll, and shut in S. i E. leads west

Hampton bank, with 6 fathoms water, is situated S.E. by E. 4 E 1*

r;t Jzrofr • ""^'" ^"-^^^ "^^' -^^ ^^ ^^^^-' -- ^e'

««t l.,and is separated from West island by a clear channel U cables
wide, and IS half a cable from Square island. Through the north than e
icebergs frequently drift in the summer, the water Lng very deepTd
the current m the direction of the channel. Joined to the south end of East
|s land, .0 feet above high water, is a rocky hummock that makes as a th.'d
^^.:r'''' ""^ '' ' lo-eckof land. The shores of th.

•.''T". f^*^: *r """^^ P'*'^^'' "^'^ 2 fathoms least water are
situated SE^ by E. J E. a little more than a mile from the norTh-ea^^
extreme of East isiand. A danger called the Skemes is reported „ the
neighbourhood, but it is believed to be the other head of the Ribs The
surveying vessel Gulnare was out in a very heavy sea, and there were no
breakers or sign of shoal water, but the Ribs were breaking heavily at the
.me. Several fishing banks lie north-east of the Ribs, but on
dangerous. .

Ship harbour head, S.S.W. | W., open south of Twin islands, passes
well to the eastward of all shoals. ^

»>A» iai.AKD8 may be distinguished by a dome-shaped island, and
an island with a remarkable white stripe.

OA»« ■Zitn'r on tho north side of St. Michael bay, N.N.E, ^ E.
10^ miles from Tvfrin islands, ia the most conspicuous headland on the
outer coast of Labrador. It falls steeply from a doublo-peaked hill about
650 feet high. Gull island, a low dark rock, lies off the east side.

Cooper laUnd (Barren island) is high and flat-topped, falling in steep
bold cliffs to the water line.

■tony Island is high and bold, with deep bays on the east side, and a
conical mound at the south extreme.

VBirzsoir TZOX&a. — Venlaon Island, on the east side of Stony island,
is 7 cables long and 3 cables broad ; on the summit, 224 feet above liigh
water, is a flagstaft" 67 feet high surrounded by a white hoarding that
shows conspicuously from all directions. South of the summit is a bluff
that is remarkable when seen from tho northwlird. On the west side are
two spurs overlooking the tickle. There is a large fishing establishment
with a wharf, alongside which is nearly 3 fathoms water, with rocky
debris immediately inshore.*

Venison tickle is the narrow passage between Venison and Stony
islands, much used by Hshing craft both as a cliannel and anchorage, the
shelter being perfect from all winds. Through the south entrance, that is
only 70 yards wide, not more than 3 fathoms deepest water can bo
carried through, and no vessel drawing more than 12 feet should attempt it;
but from tlie north entrance the wator gradually shoals from 8 fathoms
to the depth of 3 fathoms at the south end.

Black rook, 10 feet above high water, lies off- tho south extreme
of Stony island, IJ miles to the southward of the south entrance.

'WUte island, 48 feet high, consisting of two partsjoined together at low
wator, lies three-quarters of a mile to the southward of the entrance, and
has two i-ocks off the south-west extreme.

Cod rook, with 1^ fatlionis water, N.W. ^ N. 2 cables from the south
point of Venison island, and two-thirds of a cable from the nearest
point.

The south entrance to the tickle bearing N.E. leads two-thirds of a cable
to the westward of Cod rock.

Tlie Xing:, a rock that breaks in moderate weather, lies S.E. by E. ^ E.

4i cables from tlio south point of Venison island.

♦ See plan of Venison tickle on Admiralty chart, No. 26.3.

THe «ae«a, with 2i fathoms water, lies S.S.W. nearly ft cable
from the King, and S.E, ^ E. 4§ cables from the south point of
Venison island.

Bddystone uiaud. — East from Venison island is a group of rocky
islets, the outer of which, Eddystono island, is distant l^ miles.

There is deep water east of these islands, but the channels between
them should not be taken.

From tho point of Stony island, at the north entrance of Venison
tickle, sunken rocks and shoals extend east a little more than half a mile
to Dcopwater island, n gray bare rock 30 feet above high water.

The passage is south of thcsii islands and reefs, and by keeping tho
north point of Venison island bearing West, a mid-channel course may bo
steered to the tickle.

White point, N.E. ] N. 4 cables from Deepwater island, slopes from a
conical hill, about 300 feet above high water.

The riat«, a roef with 6 feet on the outer edge, extend S.S.W. 1 J cables
from this point.

The Skeri-lea, a rocky bank with least water of 4 fathoms, lies
N.E. by E. ^ E. a mile from Eddystono island.

Venison island flag-staff in line with the south extreme of Hen and
Chickens (the islets next north of Eddystono island) W. ^ S., leads one
cable to the southward.

Between Venison and Seal islands are numerous islands and rocks with
the same characteristics us tho south portion of tho coast, bare and rugged
in outline. They mo so numerous that time did not permit a detailed
examination.

Comfort head, a table-topped hill about 600 feet high, is the only
conspicuous landmark, and terminates in spurs with sharp peaks on their
seaboard extremes. At the south end is Steep island, terminated in a
bluff cliff.

Old xingr, a rocky patch that breaks in a moderate sea, lies S.S.E.
9 cjibles from this blufl'.

SSAX. ZSXiAXrss arc a group lying N.E. nearly 14 miles from
Eddystono island ; the outer Long island flat and barren.

The Ravens, a group of low black islets, extend south half a mile
from Long island, and may be approached to a quarter of a mile.

American tickle, west of Long island, is a narrow passage with a small
cove and a planter's establishment.

MU rook, 30 feet high, lies N.E. 4^ miles from the South Raven, and
has shoal water a cable off north and south extremes. Between this and
Bateau harbour are numerous islets and rooks, the outer of which only
have been charted.

aroon lalaad, a round bare rock 62 feet high, with numerous smaller
islets to tho westward, lies N. by W. ^ W. 2,*^ miles from White
rock.

auok rook, 4 feet high, with deep water close to, lies N. J E. 2^ miles
from White rock.

»Oinr»KzxXi mziAwb, 174 feet high, is conspicuous, and the western-
most point of tho coast. It in composed of a scries of hummocks
with deep indentations between, and there is a low islet close-to on the
east side. It is steep-to all round, and lies N.E. f E. 9j\j miles from
White rock.

•AB1II.B or BOVaXiB ZSXiAirBS, west 1| miles from Roundhill
island, are two groups, the east consisting of three connected by shoal
water; tho highest, 148 feet high, makes as a saddle when seen from the
southward. The west group is composed of three black islets, the eastern-
most and highest 48 feet above high water. The channel between tho
groups ia 4^ cables wide,

A rock awash at low water lies E. by S. ^ S. 4^ cables from the nort!
extreme of the west group.

A rock with 5 feet water on it lies S.S.E. | E. 5^ cables from the
same point.

OWeale rock, with 2 fathoms on it, lies S.E. by S. nearly 7 cables from
the south end of Saddle islands, and W. | S. l^V miles from Roundhill
island.

A rock with 3 feet water lies a cable from the south end of the
west group, and S. i W. 3^ cables from the same point is a shoal with
2^ fathoms.

■«A»* x«x,AWB« lie W, by N. 2^ miles from Saddle islands. Between
the two groups there is a clear (and the most frequented) passage.
The highest island is flat, 121 feet above high water, from which
Cosgrave rocks, 8 feet above high water, extend 3 cables to the
southward.

A shoal with 4 fathoms, and deep water close-to lies, N.E. i N. 1/^ miles
from the south end of Mark islands, and N.W. ^ N. 1^5^ miles from the
west group of Saddle islands.

*"■■ * X«XiAMB lies N.W. a mile from Mark islands. It is surmounted
by a remarkable round hummock 1 32 feet above high water. There is
89041. ji

■ il

(Icfp water close to the south side, but between it and the mainland there
is II pnssago. for bouts only.

Toole rook, with 1^ fathoms, lies S. by E. \ E. 2^ cables from the east
point of Queer island. Fish island summit in line witii the east extreme
of Bombproof island, N.E. by E., leads to the eastward.

l«Ateau Harbour lies insido Queer island under the highest hill in the
vicinity, 289 foot above high water, sloping gently to the sea. In it is
excellent anchorage for small vessels in 4 fathoms water, and wharves are
built in the head, alongside which large schooners can load. The only
safe passage is east of Queer island, keeping Fish island summit shut
in with Bombproof island to a\ oid Toolo rock ; and when the black rock
off Green island is in lino with the north extreme of the Mark group S.E.
the harbour may be steered for.

Bombproof taiana is conical, black and white striped, 69 feet above high
water, and shows conspicuously from seaward.

A large group of islands, with rocks and shoals between, lies north-east
of this island, but they should not be approached without a chart or
a pilot.

ri«b lalana, 41 feet high, is the eastern and outer of the group,
and lies N.N.E. 2f'(y miles from Mark islands ; it is green and round.

Carrol Island, north 4 cables from Fish island, is a conspicuous dark
round island 157 feet above high water.

Black tickle, a narrow sheltered passage, much frequented by fisher-
men, lies north-east of Carrol island. It may be entered by rounding
the south end of Carrol island, and then keeping the west shore of that
island and the next north on board. Vessels drawing 12 feet can
load here.

Domino point slopes from a conspicuous rugged dark hill 273 feet above
high water, and is terminated by a rocky islet. It lies N.N.W. ^ W.
4J miles from Roundhill island, and N. ^ E. 31 miles from the west group
of Saddle islands.

soMcnro buw.— This name is given to the passage west of Spotted
and the adjacent islands, through which a depth of 4^ fathoms at low
water may be carried. The entrance is between South-east point of Spotted
island and Domino point. The latter is situated N.W. by N. 5 miles from
Roundhill island, and the intervening space is free from danger.*

MiBtaken point, If miles from Domino point, is the north extreme of
the intermediate dark cliffy coast, intersected by a deep guLh, and in

* See Adminiltj- plan, Doniiuu Kuu, No. 226 ; scale, m = a inches.

which \n an open cove 4 cables wide, bold to the nhore. From this point
the shore recedes puddonly to south-west.

BomlBo liarbonr, immediately north of Mistaken point, is 4 cables deep
and three-quarters of a enbio wide. The west side of the harbour is
Bteop-to, and fishing vossels moor olongride in 2^ fothoms water. An
isolated rock, with 7 feet water, lies clos? off the east shore half way up
thfc horbouf. There are some houses surrounding it, the most con-
spicuous on tho north side of the entrance. A shoal with 9 feet least
water lies a cable off these houses. Penny Hook cove is a shallow bight
north of Domino harbour j north of it are several rugged points foul fc- a
cable from the shore.

"^iia bay. — Gunning point, the most northern of these points, forma
the eact side of Wild bay, half a mile deep, foul and shoal, breaking across
in easterly gales. Shoal water, called the Flats, exte>v.ls north three-
quarters of a mile from Gunning point, with IJ fathoms on the outer
edge, leaving a channel 1^ cables wide with 3| fathoms water ia
it between the Flats and the foul ground west of Entry island.

Red point, tho north-west point of Wild bay, and the south turning point
into Rocky bay, is o red cliff 60 feet above high water.

An islet 5 feet above high water ia situated N. by W. | W. a mile from
Red point. It is surrounded by shoal water, the east potch, with
3J fathoms water, being E. by S. ^ S. 4J cables nearly from the islet, and
exactly half way between it and tho north point of Grog island.

Oreen uiands and Blaok rooks lie in the south entrance to Domino run.
The former consist of a green cone 64 feet above high water and a gro, -
of dark rocks, tho highert 15 feet above high water. Black rocks are two
low rocks a cable apart, 4f cables from Green islands, the highest 4 feet
above high water.

There is no passage between Green islands and Black rocks, but the
channels east of Black rocks and west of Green islands are clear.

Boutb-eut point of Spotted island slopes from a conical hill 205 feet
high, the spur of a higher range inshore.

Spotted upland harbour, between it and South Black head, is an open bay
half a mile deep, where anchomnro may be had with off-shore winds in 7
fathoms. It is exposed for vessels, but there is a good boat harbour close
under the conspicuoas white houses at the head.

Soutb Black head narrows Domino run to 4J cables between it and
Mistaken point. It is the extreme of a round hill 165 feet above high
water, and is bold-to.

The flOftsf-. nf SnnJ-.forl io1an<1 rin-fVi /\f QnnfV. T>In/»l» Vi/^a,! l,-~ .. _U: 1_

beach fronting a green marsh, foul for 3 cables from the shore. Green island

B 2

\'r

S.S.E. ^ E. op«ti west of South Black head leadn jiiat to the webtvrarti of
tho Hhoal water.

Worth BUok li««d, th« north-WPst point of Sjwttwl island, rnarka tho
north limit of tho Hhinglo beach und shoal water. It termiuates at the sea
coast in a dark cliff.

Tho coast east of It is of dark_cliff, with numerous valleys, and may be
approached to a cable distant.

Mutry Utend, dark, with a flat summit 205 feet alwve high water, shows
consnicuously ftx)m all directions. Some low rocks lie off the east point,
Bteci/-to on the east side, and shoal water extends 2J cables from the south-
west point. The nortii side is clear at a cable distant.

Buck Island, with (hriM^ flat summits, 120 feet above high water, is
separated from the north end of Spotted island by a clear channel 7 cables
wide. A hillock 63 feet high faced by cliffs marks tho south extreme.
The east and north shores are of dark cliffs and steep-to ; the west side
consists of a serieK of shingle beaches with shoal water a cable off them.

Trusty rook, with 2J fathoms, is the least water on a largo bank
extending nearly 2 cables from the west eiul of Duck island. Mustering
point, the extreme of the land north of Domino harbour, kept shut in with
the rocks off Entry island S. by E. J E., leads south of this r )ck,

Orappunr Uland. block and bare, 18 feet above high water, lies 1| cables
east of Duck island. Shoal ground extends from tho south point, ending
in a rock that covers 5 feet at high water. There is no other danger
between Entry, Duck, and Spotted islands.

Oror ic!«nd, a sharp green cone 100 feet above high water, is situated
north of Entry island ; a rock that covers 2 feet lies off the south-east
extreme, and shoal water extends a cable from tho south and west sides.
The north point is clear beyond a cable distant.

Pawn rock, with 7 feet water, lies North 4 cables from Grog island. A
shoal with ^ fathoms water is situated a cable south-west from this rock.

The west end of Entry island seen open west of Grog island loads west
of these shoals. The west end of Entry island ope n east of Grog island
leads east of the shoal.

Back cove point, the north-east extreme of Spotted island, in line with the
north extreme of Duck island E.S.E., leads a cable north of Fawn rock and
\\ cables south of Centipi'de rock.

imie Duck island, north of Duck island, is 94 feet above high water.
There is a passage between them.

OMititM«« r«ek, iHth 2 feet water on it, lies W. by N. J N. 8 cables from
the Kouth oiul of Little Ducli inland. Shoals extend from it to the banks
between rigeon and White JHlands.

Wlitte

the south l96 feet high, dark and

ad conaistH

steep; the north 172 foot, a whitish cone joino<l to the northern by a
narrow neoI< of land faco«l on the west Bid<) by a Nhiii^lo JH'acli.

A cove 3 cab't' ^lep runs in between these parts on the north-east side,
and there in n sv ctlcnicnt at the head. Shoal water Houth-west from the
island and banks almoHt fills the channel between White and Pigeon iHlands.
A Hhoal divido<l from the south-east point extends l^ cables, and has 1^
fathoms least water. There is no passagt! between White, Little Duck, and
I'igoon islands.

A shoal with 5^ fathoms water, North 4 cables from Whitti island, is ;1jo
only dangerous one of se'^Tal banks on that bearing ; and it is said to
break in bad woathev.

Vlreon tsliMKl is the name given to two islets separated by a narrow
channel. The southern 63 feet high, covered with grass ; the northern flat,
53 feet above high water, and faced by cliffs, A group of islets 6 feet
above high water lies off the cast side of the channel. The whole should
not bo approached nearer than a cable.

A ledge of rocks extends 3 cables from the islet 21 feet above high
water which is situated off Salmon point, south-west of Indian tickle and a
bank with 7^ fathoms lies 2 cables beyond.

The west extreme oi Deer island touching the east extreme of Lynch
island N.E. ^ E. loads south of the ledge ; and Entry island S.S.E. just
seen east of Grog island leads east oi these shoals.

BZKBCTZOirB. — Entering Domino run by the channels east of Black
rocks or west of Green islands, mid-channel between South Black head and
Mistaken point will be reached, when the east end of Pigeon island will
bo seen in lino with the west side of Duck island N.N.W. nearly. These
marks kept in line will lead in the deepest watei' between the island of
Ponds and Spotted island. If Avishing to go to sea the passage between
Duck and Spotted islands is clear except the rock close to Grappling island.

To proceed west of Grog island, the channel b ween it and Entry island
should he taken, keeping more than 2 cables from Grog island ; and when
the fall of the hills over Domino harbour is in line with the west extreme
of Entry island S. by E. | E., this mark should be kept astern until Back
cove point (Spotted island) l)earing E.S.E. opens north of Duck island,
when a course may be steered for Indian ckic, taking f>tiu 'd clear the
ledge of rocks off Salmon point by keeping Entry island S.S.E. in sight
cast of Grog island.

The course usually followed by fishermen is to round Grof ifland at
about a cable, and when Entry island opens west of Grog island to steer
for Indian tickle ; b t this course leads close to the shoal off Fawn rock.

To pass between Duck and Little Duck islands, Duck island should be
kept close on board, and Back cove point brought in line with the north
extreme as soon as possible. If bound to Indian tickle keep this mark on
astern until Entry island opens west of Grog island, when proceed as
before. If bound to the south-ward, when Mustering point is shut in with
the rocks off Entry island, alter course for Grog island, keeping Entry
island open east of Grog island to clear Fawn rock. After passing
Duck island, the west side of that island should be brought in line with
the east end of Pigeon island, and this mark kept on astern will lead in the
deepest water west of Spotted island.

There is a channel south of Entry island but it is rarely used. To pass
through it, Mistaken point must be kept S.S.E. ^ E. open east of
Man-of-war point, to clear the Flats, until the north extreme of Spotted
island is in line with the south end of the rocks off Entry island. This
mark kept on astern will lead in 3J fathoms between the Flats and the
shoals off Entry island. When Pigeon island is just seen west of Grog
island N. ^ W., a course should be steered to open it a little ; and when the
fall of the hills over Domino harbour is in line with the west extreme of
Entry island, proceed as before directed.

SPOTTBD xsKAirs, SO Called from the alternation of black and white
cliffs on the east coaat, is 4 miles long and 2 miles broad, and forms the
north side of Domino run. The south shore slopes down to Black head
a dark conical hill 153 feet above high water. East of that head is a deep
cove with some white houses.

caBU^j Aermot is a cliffy islet nearly joined to the east coast, and
several rocks fringe the shore, but the whole may be approache<l to a
quarter of a mile.

rarmer Cove, on the north coast of Spotted island, is an indentation
nearly 1^ miles deep, with an island in the entrance. It is exposed to the
northward and rarely used as an anchorage.

Ortffln Harbour three-quarters of a mile north-west of Farmer cove, is
4 cables deep, and has excellent shelter in 4 fathoms at the head, from' all
winds except east. There is a settlement on the shores.

rarmor ledre, with 3 fathoms, lies north half a mile from the north-east
point 01 Spotted island.

vredge or Sliaar laland lies north l^ miles from the north-east point of
Spotteu island. It is wedge-shaped, with dark cliifs, and a green summit
at the north extreme.

A shoal with 4 fathoms water on it lies 1^ cables east of Wedge island,
with deep water at 2 cables distance, and a shoal with 8 fathoms water
lies a cable off the south extreme.

TmMMMT XBXiAirsB lie nearly 2 miles from the east side of Indian
island, and N. by W. ^ W. 6 miles from Wedge island. They cousist of
three high dark islands, 180 feet high, with shoal water connecting them,
and three small islets to the eastward of them, the middle conical and
green, 70 above high water, the others low and black. They may be
approached to 2 cables all round except on the west side, off which shoal
water extends that distance.

A small rock that covers 3 feet at high water lies S.W. ^ S. 3^ cables
from the north point, and 2 cables off shore.

From White point, at the north entrance to Indian tickle, the coast trends
N. by W. I W. 2 miles to Red island. Between them is Sandy cove,
6 cables deep, shoal and rocky.

A rock with 5 feet on it lies S. by E. 7 cables from the east extreme of
Red island.

Bed Island, SO called from the colour of the cliffs, is separated from the
mainland by a channel nearly half a cable wide, passable by boats, except
within an hour of low water.

Red laland bank, with 9 fathoms water, lies N.E. J N. 8 cables, and the
Knob with 8 fathoms lies N. ^ E. a mile, from the north point of Red
island.

CAPB OBBBP is a dark conical mound, 177 feet above high water,
N.W. i N. 3^ miles from Red island. Off it are numerous islands and
rocks that cover, the highest of which, Green island, lies S.E. ^ E. 8 cables
from the c, ■^G, and is almost connected by rocks to the mainland.

The bay between Red island and Cape Greep is foul and shoal. In the
middle are some black rocks.

A shoal with 3 fathoms water lies N.W. :J N. ' • miles from Red island.

Black rooka are three in number, two lying together, the highest 37
feet, and the third about 20 foet above high water, S.S.W. 8 cables from
them, and N.E. by N. If miles from White point at the entrance to Indian
tickle. The northei lost arc dteep-to all round.

A shoal with 8 fathoms water lies S.E. ^ E. 3^ cables from South Black
rock.

cid xiiir, a shoal with 7 feet water, lies N.W. by W. ^ W. 3 cables from
the same rock. There arc 13 fathoms at a cable west.

Nugent bank, with 8 fathoms water, and 12 to 16 fathoms close to, lies
N. ^ W. a mile from North Black rock.

Round island bank, with 11 fathoms, lies E. f S. 1| miles from the same
rock.

movTu wo&r isxaitd, the summit of which is 311 feet above high
water, luvs E. by N. 6 miles from the north entrance to Indian tickle, and
N. i K 16i miles from Iloundhill island. The name comprises a gi-oup of
islands 2f miles in total length north and south. The main island in the
centre has a high flat range with a conical boulder at the summit, and
deeply mdented on the east side. At the south end is a cove in which
there is v<>ry good shelter for fishing vessels. The best entrance is south
of an islet 27 feet above high water, lying between the main and south
islands, and after passing it keep the east side of the cove on board to the
head. Rocks with 9 feet water on them lie on the west side of the cove,
but there is a clear passage a cable wide to the head. South of the main
island, separated by a cliannel IJ cables wide, are three others, the middle
and highest rises to a sharp peak 244 feet above high water.

soati, wolf rook lies 2 cables to the south of this island, close to is a
rock that breaks.

The two northern islets are separated by a channel three-quarters of a
cable WKlo, through which a depth of 3^ fathoms may be carried by keep-
nig the north shore on board. The two islets are joined, except at high-
water springs. A rock one foot above high water, lies N.E. three-quarters
of a cable from the tickle between these islets, close to which is a rock
awash at low water. A rock with 1^ fathoms water on it, and 14 fathoms
close to the north, lies N.N.E. ^ E. 2^ cables from that rock.

ir-rti. wolf rock. 38 feet high, N.E. | N. 1^ miles from South Wolf
island, IS bare, dark, and stcep-to all round.

wtue Wolf Hand. 157 feet high, N.W. ^ W. 8 cables from the north
extreme of South Wolf island, is a steep cone. Off the east side is a low
peninsuhH and an i.lot .08 feot above high water. There is deep water
all round a cable distant.

rrorti, Wolf uiand, 8^ cables long and 5 cables broad, is surmounted
by a flat-topped hill 135 feet above high water. The name comprehends
a group ot islets, forming a good harbour for boats on the east side. The
e.wstKslet .s dome-shaped, and the harbour may be entered on either side
ot it. In the middle of the east entrance is a rock with 3 feet water on it
and 9 to 10 faihouis close to. The host «hnit«r jo „* ,u. , • ^

close to is a

3 fathoms off a deep cleft in the main island. All these islets may be
approached to 2 cables.

Bound vrolf Island, W. ^ N. 8 cables from North Wolf island, makes
as a cone when seen from the eastward, is clifty and steep-to.

Offer Red Island, N.W. 1^ miles from Round Wolf island, and
N.E. by N. 2^ miles from Black rocks, so called from the colour of the
cliffs on the north side, is flat-topped, 200 feet high, slopes gradually
to the south side, but falls steeply to the noi th. It is much indented by
rugged coves on the south and deep ravines on the north side. The
middle on the north side has a cliffy islet about 50 feet high, nearly joined
to the shore. Off the west extreme is a small rock with shoal water in
continuation for a short distance.

BAXir-WAT zs&AirB, N. f W. nearly 6^ miles from Black rocks, and
north 9 miles from the entrance to Indian tickle, makes as a flat-topped
cone 278 feet high, and has projecting spurs on south and east sides, the
east, 109 feet above high water, being separated by a deep cleft from the
island. The whole may be approached to 2 cables.

BBVZ&'S XOOX-OVT, N.X.W. ^ W. nearly 11 miles from Indian
tickle, is a dark bluff island, wedge-shaped, the highest part, 384 feet
above high water, being over the north-east extreme.

Rocky patches, with 2 fathoms water on them, lie a cable off the east
side. There is deep water close to east of them.

Inside this island there has been no examination.

Quaker bat, so called fi'om the shape, lies west nearly a mile from
Devil's Look-out.

ooXiZiZBOBAM xsiiABB, N.E. a little more than a mile from Devil's
Look-out, is cone-shaped 333 fpet above high water, and slopes gently on
all sides except the east, where it terminates in steep bluffs. OfT the
north side, separated by a channel 4 cables wide, are some low islets,
the highest, 45 feet, at the east extreme, with deep water to the east and
north a cable distant. The channel between the islets and CoUingham
island should not be taken.

BZBB zsiiABBB are two in number, the north a narrow ridge of rock
N. I W. 3 J miles from Half-way island, a cone 170 feet above high water;
the south 77 feet and flat-topped. Off the north-west point of the
latter is a low black rock, and in extension of it IJ^ cables is a rock that
breaks.

Soutli Flat Island, N.N.W. 2 miles from North Bird island, is in two
parts nearly joined together, about 50 feet above liigh water, and is foul
for a cable all round.

Mil

f 1

ill

A Bhoal Tvith 7 feet water lies W. by N. 4 N U nM^. e .-l
s.eo. t.. ..na,a. .ot.r oO ^'^..^^e^^^r t^^^

Flat island. Off the north sule a cable distant is a rock just visible at
high water, and ehoal water between. . »•' visioie at

B*ACK ,8*AirD. north 8 cables from North Flat island, is nearly

the oast 217 feet high, and west 190 feet. The coast line is rugged and
has shoal water 2 cables from the north and west shores.

of nlr^l ";""^.u''"*T '" '' ^''P """"^ ^'''^^ '^t *»»« "orth-east point
of the IS and, with excellent shelter for fishing craft, and may be entered
by keeping the south shore on board. Separated from the north e"
point by a shoal channel about half a cable wide is an island wUh wo
summits, the north 91 feet high, the south 84 feet. On eacrsWeTs
a eep cove nearly dividing the island, and all the points have f^ul ^ nd
extending a cable from their extremes. ^

Offer Wolf uiand, 222 feet high. E. bv S 4 ^ 11 ,v,:u= * xi.
extremft nf wio^i, • i i • , "7 »• f *• IJ miles from the north

ex reme of Black island, ,s wedge-shaped, the summit on the east side
falling in steep cliffs to the sea. The south side terminates il wo
hummocks, the south dark, 110 feet above high water. An is t 56 2

r^lTirn" '' ''' "°^" -'--'• ^ -^ -- -ers lies in Z

.ar:;rit:::;:::au:^d2;rzi'"^ "" -' ^^-^ ^--'

islatdrdStayrtr" ''' '"^ "-''■'''-' ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^

poitttfte^Wolve^™^ ""^^ "^^ ^•'^- ^ ""' '^ ^^'^ ^^^ ^^^ -th

A shoal with 6 fathoms lies W. ^ N. 7^ cables from the same point, and
5 cables from Black island. ^ '

mTZ '"'T 'f ^""'' '' '^'^^ "^"'^ ^*^'^P-*''' ''^P-^^ted from Gready

;:::ei o';: ^^' "^ ^'^^ ^''^' "^^^"^^ ^^^"^^ ^^>- ^^ p--c- for sL^Jii

Rocks that break lie nearly a cable off the north point, and a rocky
hummock 15 feet above high water is joined to the east point. ^

OMABT isiAKD. lying north of Black island, 2J miles lon^r and
nearly a mile wide, is conspicuous and dark, .ith a ;iat aumSt 362 ^^t

above high water, eurmounted by a large caun of stones. The sides alter-
nate in patches of dark and light rock are rugged and deeply indented,
but may safely be approached to 2 cables. On the north side is a ridge
facing Gready anchorage, within which is n large pond that debouches at
Watering cove, a small bight on the west eiJe, from which water may
always be procured.

Kittle Orcady Island, 8^ cables long and 1^ cables wide, is separated
from Gready island by a channel one cable wide, through which a depth of
3 fathoms can be carried by keeping Gready island shore on board, n* "
thus avoiding a rock that covers at high water near the east entiance.
On this island is a large fishing establishment and two flag-stafl*s, the east
surrounded with a white paling. The north shore is clifiy and steep-to,
and has a deep cove in the centre, at tu<a head of which is a red house
with a large white stripe. The summit, 88 feet above high water, slopes
to the east point, off which shoal water extends a short distance.

A shoal with 3 fathoms water lies N.W. by N. 1 J cables from the east
point.

A shoal with 4 fathoms, und deep water close to, lies "W. | S. 2 cables
from the west point.

Anoborftfe may be had in 14 to 10 fathoms with Stunk island shut in
with Little Gready island, near the west entrance as convenient.

Cross Island, dark and flat-topped, 129 feet high, lies 1^ cables off the
west point of Gready island, with 10 to 12 fathoms in mid-channel between.
It is nearly divided by two deep bights. The west side is bold-to, but off
the east end is an islet 13 feet above high water. The channel between
this and cape North is a mile wide.

BTmrx zs&Airs, N.W. 4 cables from Little Gready island, is round-
topped, 277 feet high, and falls abruptly on all sides. The south-west
point is a dome-shaped hummock with a steep face. It is bold-to except
oil the south-west extreme.

Mad Moll covers 5 feet, and lies S. by W. f W. 2 cables from the west
point of Stunk island, to which it is nearly joined by shoal water, but it
may be approached to a cable on the south and west sides.

Clearing marks. — Gready island cairn in line with the white flagstaff
on little Gready island, E. J N., loads If cables to the south%v i of Mad
Moll ; and Gannet islands east extreme N.N.E. | E., open north of Stunk
island, leads three-quarters of a cable to the westward.

Birb-rat bank, with 8 fathoms water, lies N. ^ W. one mile nearly from
the east point of Stunk island.

i /

N.rTV"2 :\T, "■= ;r ™'- f-" ™ .2 mom., «„

;■ ". :j w, 1^"^ miles from the east nolnt nf Pr^oj ■ i , !--

high w.,e,-, 1, .top „„ tl,e o'J Me L? ' 'f""'' ^^""'""'"'e
Httlo foul ground off i. T,,? ''°' ^'°"' '" ""= "« <'"'■ •

-hid, ve«l, shouM :l; p'^: "" '""•'" "f «-"' '-ky Wet., be..e«.

. J;:t. "" ""'*' '" "*"" "-"■- «« N.W. b, N. 2 o.b,e. fr„„

■cut auut rook, 55 feet l,i„],, |j.. o p 3 o o . .,
Gannet island, a rock thai t.rJl ■ 7 * ^' "'''^ '"■">"' South
cable,. ' ""'"'» '" "'"''^■■»'« « "o« from it E. | N. IJ

Aroc...tbrea.ii.a::b:\^;r::z::::;"---

P.oach to it, lie, K.W. , N. 4,, „i,e, froITj ;r"Ga:;et"t:r" "' °'"

wep"v"L"r:i::::;t,rj:r:y\°;"^^^

gradually from o iiat-topped ran^o of In ,' * ' ^ ■"''"»• '' 'I^I*"

in a rock that covers at h JhTXr ^°"°"-"'°"''"' '"»'. «"•> lorn,i„ate,

cr ;;" inT^iX!: •'■°'"\'» -«- "«-> »"" -oh

fathoms, with good shelter from north",; wtal""" "' "" ''"" '» 3
T.iC coast bc'twoon thii nn.i r<., -kt

™n.e. AU the points":;- ' ' rr„f:t.l T ^ "? """ "" •"-
otr thorn, but the „ho,o ma, be ^IHa^^T^ll^^tfr::,::''"'' •"*-

OAKi «0»ra is an iBolated hill with a double summit 323 feet above
high water, separated from the mainland by a flat marsh between two
shallow coves.*

A shoal with 3J fathoms on it lies a cable off the east bill, and an islet
69 feet above high water, steep-to, is separated by a narrow channel from
the cape, and is rarely distinguishable as an island.

Cape xrortb oove is the shallow bight, 4 cables 'leep, west of cape
North. An islet with a house on it nearly fills the cove, 2^ cables within
the west bill, and a rock 2 feet above high water lies S. by W. | W. 2^
cables from the same point. A shoal with 9 feet water lies a cable west
from this rock. Small vessels wishing to go into this cove should keep
the north shore on board, and auclior in 5 fathoms.

The Slatera. — Two islets 55 feet above high water, and nearly con-
nected by shoal ground, lie N.N.W. nearly a mile from cape North.

Sunken rocks fringe these islands for half a cable, but there is no danger
at 2 cables distant. '

Pnddlngr bank, with G.J fathoms water, lies N.W. | W., 3 cables from
the west point of the north Sister. From it a shoal of 8 fathoms extends
N.N.W. f W., 2 cables ; beyond which there is deep water.

TKB COAST. — Between cape North and Curlew harbour the coast is
barren and foul, and should not be approached nearer than a quarter
of ft mile.

Muddy oreek, a shallow bay ending in a salt-water pond a mile deep,
lies W. by S. | S. a little more than a mile from cape North.

Amerloan oreek, W. ^ N. I/g miles from the same point, is 2 cables
deep, has 2 fathoms water in it, and a black rock about a foot above high
water in the middle of the entrance.

Creek rook, awash at low water, lies W. | N. l^% miles from the north
point of cape North, ami cast 2^ cables from the east point of American
creek. Between them is a rock awash at low water.

A shoal with 7 fathoms water lies N. by E. 3^ cables from the east
point of American creek.

Carlew Island, W. by N. ^ N. 2^ miles nearly from the north extreme
of cape North, is 21 Sect high, gray in colour, and forms the north side of
the entrance to Curlew Imrboiir.

A shoal with 4^ fathoms on it, and 8J fathoms close to, lies N.E. i E.
IJ cables, and a rocky bank with 4^ fathoms water lies west 3 cables
from the north point of Curlew island.

CVSI.I1W BARBOVR runs up 2\ miles in a south-easterly direction
from Curlew island, with depths decreasing gi-adually from 16 fathoms to
* See Admiralty chart, Curlew harbour aud approaches, No. 251 ; scale, m = 2 inches.

Il I

the head. The bottom is mud, good holding ground, and the sides are
barren, utterly devoid of wood. "®

isi^Lrr'' 7' ""'''' " '^^•**'^*""^ ^'^^'^ *^« «««* Volnt of Long
island touchmg the west extreme of Curlew island. Smaller vessel!
j-y go up ,nto 9to 6 fathoms water, as far as a steep bluff 175 fe
Hh en the south shore, on either side of whieh is a lo'ng dip val%
At the mouths water may bo obtained. Up to this the only dange
s a roek w.th l^ fathoms on it, the outer edge of foul g^nd a
^Uefrom the shore just wHhin the north point of the harbou'rproper
The peak of Long inland bearing North, and open west of the harZ ;
point, just dears in 6 fathoms. Beyond the Bluff the water shoals f^om

TfltrboT;).* '^ "''" '"'^ ""''''^^''^^ P-* (^^« -^1^ point

T1.0 Ooat-hore forms the south side of Curlew harbour, and extends
to Toomie pomt, the north entrance to South-east cove T. T .

foul, and ..hould not be approached nearer thl 2 cabled "'' "'

Xlnd.ay rook, with 2^ fathoms, is the extreme of shoal wafpr Avf«« r
3 cables from Toomie point and the nort. end of the tallh ^ ""'

islandTH Is 1 f"'^^^\"--»^ ^^^ -th extreme'o. Green
island h. by S. ^ S. just clears to the northward.

south ,Uo of .he i,l.a.. has .,ce„ g„e„ slopes to t.,o wlrt I' „iA I
sk.rl,ng ot sl,».l w„.er for Marijr a oaMe. Tho north p„ ,,rft Tilk °
.*.d JUS. shut ■„ with the east poiu. of long Ula„„, N £ w E Te
loads m mul-ohannel in 4^ fathoms, the doenest w«,„,. , . , * '
«.rou.h Tho east poinf of CWnghttHdrio" dTs S
slopuig to a n,gge.l point, off whioh reefs extend a cahle The ,,o„r
.s rugged and roch,. „ith iong points and deep covo! Off te^ V^^^^
shoal water extends 2 cables. Off the west end are three i'L f

: istt* '[T'T't" °*' '-"' ^M«i™s : *.:.'Tz

2 tbt ""^ '""■ ' '""""^ °° "» -' «'S« -'end. S;"

^^»Ad..i,.,„.ta, Curfew lar^ear .., ia .pp„..t., «„.,„, ^^,^_ ^ ^^

There it anchorage off the south shore of Cartwright island in 16 to 13
fathoms, at 2 cables distant, with good holding ground, but a large vessel
may anchor anywhere iusido Toomio point.

aimbl«t Bboal, with 2| fathoms water, lies W. by N. J N. 4J cables
from the extreme of the rocks off the uoiih-cast point of Corbet island,
the north point of Cartwright island.

Mad Moll covers 4 feet at high water, and lies 1^ cables off Cartwright
island, and N. by E. J E. 3^ cables from the islet at Bull gut. There are
5 fathoms at a cable north of the rock.

Indian bead, west entrance to Bull gut, slopes from a grassy cone
127 feet high, connected at low water with the peninsula west of it, and
with it forms the north side of Isthmus bay.

A rock with 2 fathoms on it lies N.E. by E. ^ E. half a cable from the
east extreme, narrowing the channel through Bull gut to half a cable,
and a shingly spit with 3 fathoms water on it extends E. | S. 2 cables
from the south point,

■outh-eaat oove runs up S.S.E. ^ E. 1^ miles "rem Toomie point, but
the water is shoal for three-quarters of a mile from the head. There are
7| fathoms deepest water between the points, shoaling gradually to the
shore, but rapidly to 2 fathoms towards the head. The holding ground
is not very good, but the anchorage may be used in summer mouths.

ISTHMUS BAY runs up with one bend in a westerly direction 3| miles
from the entrance to South-east cove.

The shores are barren except at the head, where a dark hill 424 feet
above high water is faced by swamps and lakes with small timber around
them. The water decreases gradually to an islet 15 feet above high
water, south of which all is shoal. A bay with shoal water lies north-
west of this islet.

Bay shoal, with 3 fathoms water on it, lies N. by W. ^ W. 6 cables from
this islet (which should not be brought to bear to the eastward of South),
on a spit extending from it in that direction, another bead of which, with
4f fathoms water, lies on the same bearing a mile distant.

Blaoksuard toay nms up west 1^ miles from Indian her, and is
separated from Isthmus bay by two islands joined at low water, of which
that head is the eastern. It is foul an 'loal, and should not be entered
beyond Bull gut. The north point o. this bay slopes from a dark
dome-shaped hill 184 feet abcp o high water, and has foul ground stretch-
ing east 3 cubles, with 10 fathoms a cable beyond.

«ides it may bo approacl.ed to 2 cables. ' "° '''' '""^"^

»l«,cb^, 5.nk. with 2i fathoms water, lies E. by S * S fii ..m
from Pinch-gut iHland. Duck island S.E. by E * E IvJ ^ '"
ofRoundiHlandJcads clear of this and GtifetshlJ:"'' °^" ""^'

Oreen l.iand. forming the north side of the entrance to r„rl«„ i, u
IS round and barren, 145 feet above high wa ter wi^h I ^'■^°"''
skirted by foul ground for a cable Th« 1 Ti """^ P°'"'«'

island is 7 cables wi<le. '^'^"'' ^^*^«° '* «"'» Curlew

A shonl with 5^ fathoms water lies 12 oM^. a
Green i*„,l, »„/a bank wi.l, 6J flLttw/ru ,?"'!: ™" "'

aonra i.iaj,b i» dark and rugg, 222 ftet lM.h 1 ■ „„

island and a closto of Ion" lock. L, , '° """° " I"'8«"'

channel ,„ a ..ranger. ° °™ """' "' •"«'■ ""'• "»»'■■« the

The north shore is conipoBeil of dark cliff wKl, j„
«.uth side rocks that oo,i,r and .ho"l wal ^'''\"'''"^- «-l on the
n.0,. than a eaWo, leaving a ehann 1 onlTt f rile '7 '"^ ' ''""
.nd thef„n,g™„d off Cart^right i»landZ ^ th.^^; IZ" "'°'"

.he'rhVuT'v «o':dt:d'';f rr-"' *""* ^^ -"- '-

son... Of it rooks o.tendrhr^tiroJrear "'"'^ '"'"' '^ -"•

bror'tTtiir;" "The"' "r " ■* ■°"^' '°°* -^ ^^ «""-

water. Off the ej^^, ZZTl Zr'°') '" '"-' """'^ "'«"
and several low roek/lie elose to to Zh s^X^T '"*',""'"•
pomt are Dnek i.sland, ,01 foe,, „„d Black oek Tie t f ,"'"■"-"'•«
with deep water at 2 cable, R„f„. t *°™ '"«'' ™te'.

no passage for a strange" '™" ^"^ "'"' K°""'' ''.«"* there ia

McFarlane bank, with 7 f^thnm^ ™ * i-
south side of Long islun^l ""' '''' ' ^""'''^'- «^* ">"« ^om the

TixrxBR istAWD, 56 feet high N F l.v P ;> i;' i , ..
point of Long island, is flat with ^ ^ 1^ miles from the east

.op. There fs deep ^cr^a^lrZ^: '"""'"' """'''^' "^ "»

to Hiire bay.
the seaward

S. 8^ cables
open north

!w harbour,
ing points,
»nd Curlew

ith end of
i from the

5ng N.W.
is Pigeon
Jloaing the

nd on the
or a little
'■een them
ihoms can
planter's

fathoms

les from
l)y reefs.

2 cables
)ve high
h water,
rth-wost
h water,
there is

rom the

;he east
<fer the

Tinker rook, with 3 fathoms water and steep-to, lies 8.W. by W. ^ W.
3^ cables from Tinker island.

avsosT aoox, 4 feet above high water, lies E.N.E. ^ cables from
Tinker iHland. A shoal with 8 fathoms lies between.

Budget bank, with 3 futhoma water, steep-to, lies N.E. \ E. 3^ cables
from liudget rock.

A shoal spit, with 7^ fathoms least water, extends nearly from Budget
rock to Rudgrit bank.

Munday bank, with 7 fathoms water, lies N. by W. ^ W. 2^^ miles
from tlie oast point of Ix)ng island, and N.W. | W. 2| miles from the west
point of Tinker island.

A bank with 15 fathoms least water, and 23 fathoms a cable distant, lies
N.W. by N. nearly 3 miles from Tinker island.

DXKBCTZOWS. — Making: Curlew harbour ft-om tbe eastward. — After
passing between cape North and the Sisters, LiUle Groady island should
bo kept E, by S. i S., oikui of capo North, to avoid the shoal of 4^ fatiioms
off Curlew island. Wlien Long island is shut in with Green island.
Curlew island may be rounded, and when the south extreme of Long island
bearing N. by E. § E. shows west of Green island, the anchorage may be
steered for.

Vrooeedinff to Xathmu* bay.— After passing Curlew head a mid-channel
course should be steert ,1 between Green island and the Goat shore until the
summit of Stunk island is slir.t in witii the soutii extreme of Green island
E. by S. ^ S. This mark should he kept on until tlie north side of Tinker
island just overlaps the cas*. point of Long island N.E. by E. ^ E. This
mark kept on will lead between the shoal water off Toomie point and that
off Cartwright island, and \vhen South-cast cove opens anchorage may bo
had there, or farther up Isthmus bay by keeping mid-channel, taking care
not to bring the islet near the houd of the bay, to bear to the eastward of
South.

From the westward. — Small vessels may only enter between Round and
Cartwright island by keeping Harbour rock S.E. until within 2 cables,
when the vessel should round it and pass at a cable south, and Curlew
harbour steered for; or, if proceeding to Isthmus bay, bring the north side
of Tinker island just shut in with the east point of Long island, and
proceed as before directed.

TbrouKh Bull gut. — Tins channel should only be taken in emergency.
The western islet in the gut off Cartwright island should be brought to
bear South, then run for on that bearing and kept close on board ; a

39041. Q

voMysT xa&Asrs. N W i.« u/ ^i

'-« i.i I. i- r„,„„, „,;a ,,„I„"^- '*,'■;''" <■-»'» ""> '■"" p<-,„t „f

20 feot „b„,„ ,„„| „ „,^r '"• Of A" «»t oxtrcno i, „„ i,|e,,

Vompey ro€k, N.K, J N nearlv 9 mil r „

nun.ingaoni.land. It is frinml bv «l.nlT T "*'* "^'""'"'^ «*■

shore. ^'*' ^^ ^'''^'^^ ^"tc'- " cable distant from tho

An islot. 26- feet above high water, lies N. by W + W , « -, .
Rod island. Reefs extend 2 cHbl«« fl • "7 vv. ^ VV. 1/^. miles from

Bhoal water off the wostslde '" """' ^"*^^""«' -'^ ^herc is

^ A rock awash at low water lies N.N.W i W l i •, .
island. '^^- i "• lAmjJos from Red

»og: iainnda, N. by W 4 W 4 „:i n _
hfeh wau,r. Between .hem .re t™ i W. t, , """' '"" '''*' "'"'™

r.r""r';,",:t xxrr; r "• "^ "■ * ^- '^^ -"

a cable. ^ "•"''"' ""^^ ^«« « i-eof .stretching west

luitiior examination has been made

Independent island N.N \V I w
3 cables to the eastward; and Green iS ^^ T' ""^ ^'"^ ''^''' '^'»^'«
loads 2 cables to the westward "' ^''''''' '^'' ^''' «^ ^^ i«lc^t,

liis mlot, and

'"flt point of
it an i.Hlei,
liicli nnd the

nd, broiiks nt
irait of cftjM.
iwland, leads
■ i W., seen

f»in rompoy
extreme of
It from the

miles from
3d there is

fiom Ked

consist of
feet nhovo
y may ho

Jt't miles
iig west

les from
'> and a
•om Seal

t islands

sea, and

'> loads
«1 islet,

srawrovirBXK4LXD isZiAXs, N.W. by N. a little more thar. a milo
frim Dog JHlandH, i» undulatinK '» outline, with a bold bhiff 316 feet hi«li
ever the east end, neparat/'d l)y a ^\v^"^ elid't from a lower Hpur on the
Hctiboard. A Hhoal with 2j^ fathoms water lies two-tliirds of a cable Irom
the base of this bluff. The west sido has not been examined.

The north shore ia bold and straight, with deep water at a cable
distant. Off the south [>oiiit are two islets ; the south is flat, 32 feet above
high water, and separated by a ehannel IJ eabU's wide, in the middle of
which is a rock with 4 feet water on it. The northern, Farrela island, is
joined to Newfoundland island at low water, and has some houses on it.
A low islet lies clostf to the south-east point, and a roek that eo/ers off the
north end.

Keefs with 5 feet water on them extend a cable from the oast point of
the south islet.

XlTBBPavsilMT ZSAAKD, off the east side of Newfoundland island, is
rugged and cliffy on the east coast, but slopes gently to the west shore.
Off the south-east point reefs extend a cable nearly, and off the south-west
point half a cable is u rock with 6 feet water on it. A low black rock lies
close to the east side, and a co\ o runs 2 cables in the north shore. It has
several summits, the highest about 2oO feet over the ea!«t coast.

Between Independent and Newfoundland islands is a grass-covered islet
70 feet above high water. The passage on the west side is shoal, and a
rock with 9 feet water lies close to the east side. By keeping Independent
island close on board 14 feet may be carried through. This channel is
only half a cable wide.

Independent harbour is formed by Independent and Newfoundland
islands, and has good niiohorage in 4^ to 8^ fathoms water east of Fiirrels
island. To enter keep midway between iTidependent and the flat island
south of Newfoundland island, and anchor as convenient. Only 4^ fathoms
can be carried in.*

Plgreon island, a cone 83 feet above high water, lies close to the west
end of Newfoundland island.

Vlokens Island, a grass-covered mound 45 feet high, lies North
3^ cables from Pigeon island, with a deep ehannel between,

Packa harbour Islands. — At 4 cables from the north-west point of New-
foundland island, are two niirrow islandH with conical hills, forming the
harbour between them, the south and highest 215 feet above high water.
The only approach to this harbour is from the west, the east ehannel

t "See plan of Independent harbour on Admiralty chart, No, 263.

C 2

being blocked by rocks. There is good shelter fc fishing vessels in 3 or
4 tathoms water.

A rock with 3 feet water on it lies in the n.id.lle of the west entrance,
ntm,y be avouled by keeping the north island close onboard. A rock

island ''" '* ^''' "" '^'"'' '^''^""'' '^" '^' ''"'^ P"'-^-^ «f <'»« ««"th

cliffy, 139 feet high, with shoal water a cable off the points. There is
deep water in the channel between.

orappna^ ,.,a„<,. 133 feet high, is wedge-shaped, with the steep fall

•Mands. Close to the west end is a rock that covers 3 feet at high water

anil tie ./'"' """ o- foot lies in mid-channel between this island
and the north-east point of Packs harbour islands.

iskndTr"*'' n"''f' ' "'' '"'" ""■*^'"^^* P«>"* «^ Independent
island, are three small rocks, the highest 3 feet above high water.

Bouble ,.,ana.. North 11 miles from Independent island, are two
Iffy mounds the west and higher 158 feet high, separated by a channel
H cables wide from the eastern. A rock lies close to the west extreme.
yisi^ijow ROCK. E. i xX. 2A miles from the north-east point of

r::k ti:f"! 't"'' ': '°'"^' ^'^ '''-'■ ^«' ''- --^-- --" ^« «

Ih-vt point.' ' '" " ''"' ' ''^''''"' "'^ ^^'^■^''^'^ ">' '^ -''« ft-»

X.01.0 isxA^B, North nearly 7 cables from Double islands, is Ion. and
narrow, with a hat-shaped summit 157 feet above high water.

l-lemmtnff rock, awash at low water, lies S.E. by E. i E. three-quarters

i:a:dTwT'r'''^"'' '^^^-'•-•^^-P-ter'dose-to. Cp ^
sla d S.W by K, open east of Double islands, leads a quarter of a mile

slar^:rart1 ' ""V^"'^*^P-^-*'^^-lS- i W.,shut'in with Do"
islands, leads the same distance to the westward.

Ka..ed rocKs. in the form of a semi ircle, lie between Long and Tinker

A rock that breaks lies a cable off the east extreme, and a low white
rock ,esN.N.E.2 cables from <he same point, north f whicl near
cable lies a rock that breaks. ^

BANBY HAKBOvn Z8X.Asrs8. Wcst nearly half a mile from Shag
island, arc a group enclosing an excellent boat harbour, with numerous
passages to it, but not available ibr larger craft. The islands may be
approached to 2 cables.

BATPOOX XSXABS, N. ^ W. o miles nearly from Independent
harbour, is the northernmost of the group, and has a remarkable cone 254
feet above high water, that shows congpiouously from all directions. A
rock that breaks lies H ^'"^'^'^ f"""™ ^^'"^ ^''*^*' extreme. A low rock lies
off- the noith side, and shoal water extends a cable from the south-west
point.

FABMSK MDOa, a rocky bank with 3 feet least water on it, and 10
fathoms at a cable distant, lies N.W. by N. H miles nearly from Haypook
island. The summit of Packs harbour islands S. by W., open west of Handy
harbour islands, clears 3 cables to the eastward.

Oreen islana, 130 feet high, east 2^ cables from Haypook island has a
ledge with 9 feet water l\ cables off the west extreme. Two rocks lie
nearly 2 cables from the north side, and a low black islet N.E. by N. i N.
2 cables from the east extreme.

Green island bank, with 7 fathoms water, lies S.E. 31 cables from the

same point.

BX.ACK Kocxs arc two in number, the highest 20 feet above high
water, lies N.E. i N. 3| miles from the north-east point of Independent

island. , , , ^ ,.

A rocky bank with three heads that nearly dry at low water lies
S.E. 1 S. 3 eables from Black rocks. There are 27 fathoms at a cable

east.

SIRS HOCBS, N.E. nearly 5 miles from the north-east point of
Independent island, are two islets, 49 and 43 feet high respectively, the
easternmost of the group. A bank with 10 fathoms water extends a
quarter of a mile from the west extreme. There is deep water at a cable
distant in other directions.

HOXBX-CBOPB X8I.A1ID, SO called from the numerous cliff'-faced hills
on it lies half a mile north-west of Tacks harbour islands. The summit
is 398 feet high, and a remarkable high bluff" east of it is 389 feet abov^
hi"h water. The north shore only has bem examined. This shore is cliffy
ami steep-to, with numerous summit. Black Duck cove, a shallow bay
^vith an islet in the entrance, is iu the middle of the north coast of Horse-

chops island.

Munden I.land, low aud flat, is nearly joined at low water to the north-
east point of Horse-chops island.

3irfrr'r)'T''"V""'' ^^ "''"'^^ ^^ ^^""^^"^ ^«^^«<^- T^e higher,

He n ftom the eastward. Bebveen them is Partridge harbour, where
fish, g vessels anchor in 4 fathoms, with shelter fro^ all but al ly
win, s A rock with 6 feet water lies a cable off the east point of hi
north .land. West of these are three islets, between which all is shll
Kseon island, north a mile nearly from Partridge harbour islands is

:r;:vr;::j;j::;::::r ■■"— -*" -- '--

A rock that covers lies a cable from the west -xtrcme.
CA^B PORcirPxi... N.W. by N. o miles nearly from Haypook island
.. a promontory half a mile wide. Jutting out 21 miles from tirmainand
surmounted by a dou1>le-poaked summit 343 feet above high wL"

Ouu ,.,ana 63 feet high, is joined to the east extreme o^ cane
F.reupme at low water The shores are shoal, with sandy l^leh;^ aTd
locl y po.n s alternati-..g. From the west extreme a sand beach extends
South 5 mdes to some low islets, with boulders that cover off them

MACK ROCK is isolated, 22 feet above high water. E. by N a n 51
miles from cape Porcupine, and N.N.E. i E 5 « miL f. ts *

island. ^ ^'^' '"•''^•^ ^^"0"^ Haypook

Mia-channel rock, with o feet on itand 15 fathoms close-to, lies F - S
61 miles nearly from Gull island off cape Porcupine NE 4! ,^ T 7
Haypook island, and N. | W. 4| miles ftom Bird roTk^

Horse-chops S.W., open west of Haypook island, leads U cables to th.
westward, and Grappling island S.W. | S., open 'south o/g e s an^
leads If cables to the eastward. "'*'

HOLTON ISLAND (NEAR HAMILTON INLET)

TO NAIN.

Allink Ugl,,. From ,l,i, ,„ IT "l.^^ """"^ "'"^ "' '»"<' «<»"
mile, ,mtil further exammed. ' '° "M™'''"! 'viUm, 2

TZM-KEK ZSKAlirB, 201 feet burl, J. „
N. ^ W. 6 miles from HoUoT .iS ly TP'T "^^"^ ^''^ ^^''^»^'
rocks almost reach the shore. "" '' " """"^"'^ ''^'^^^ ^^-^

5.. Admiralty chart, Sandwich bay to Nai„, indudi., H.

.tniiltou iukt, \o. 375.

Quaker bat, 125 feet i igb, so called from the shape, is situated E. | S.
4 miles from Tinker, island and N. by E. | E. 7 miles from Helton island.

Quaker reef, 20 feet high, is between these islands, distant 2^ miles
from Tinker island. The channels on either side of this reef are clear, but
that west of it 's the one generally used.

Ship harbour bead, about 500 feet high, is a conspicuous cone in Byron
bay, sheltering Ship harbour, N.W. f N. 13 miles from Tinker island.
False cape is the extreme of a saddle-shaped hill 900 feet high, that with
cape Harrison forms a deep bay. Off False cape is a low islet, stccp-to
on the seaboard.

sear Island, about 150 feet high, lying 2 miles south of capo Harrison,
is reddish in colour and steep-to on the east side.

• CAPS HARRXSOxr, is the bluff extreme of high land, with two summits
close together, the highest 1,065 feet. Steep reddish cliffs fringe the
promontory, and it is conspicuous from all directions, fully mcritnig the
Esquimaux rame Uivaluk or the cape.

Between capes Harrison and Strawben-y is a deep bay nearly semi-
circular in shape, containing the Adlavik islands, and flanked by conical
hills ranging from 1,500 to 2,400 feet, that show conspicuously also from
the cours°e between Tinker island and cape Harrison.

Tbe track pursued by vessels is close to the mainland points of this bay,
and is free from danger.

jiffser Urtand, (west of which is Jigger tickle) is a low green island
about 200 feet high, wedge-shaped, 3^ miles from Webeck island. West
2 miles from it is a promontory surmounted by a prominent conical green
hill about 500 feet high, that slopes grailually to a point faced by whitish
cliffs with a deep fissure in them, forming the east side of a deep bay.

noubie island., about 450 feet high, are joined by a low neck, and are
situated 10 miles from the north point of Webeck island. They terminate
to the eastward in a low rocky point, and are steep-to on the north side.

An islet about 60 feet high lies East three-quarters of i mile from the
north oxtrcme of Double islands, and may be passed a convenient distance

on eith' r side. , • v . i

An island, long and narrow, with a mound about 100 feet high at the
north end, is situated N.W. by W. 3 J miles from Double islands.

A deep bay lies south of Double islands, with a dark round lull in the
foreground, and ooutaiuing a wedge-shaped islan.l about 150 feet high, and
s<>vcral islets joined to the mainland at low water. The mainland from
,1ns is indented with some deep bays, and presents everywhere the same
character, high conical hills falling steeply to the water's edge.

iiO

:. [

I' ! !

x^ou u ,sia„,Ls. riio eastern consists of two hills joine.l by a low bead,

r Xr s ^r rr :;^^ -''-' -''-' ' ^^^^- ^^™ ^'---'

A locKy islet JO feet higli lies off the north end.

islat '" S E '7' If T ""™'*^ '^ ^'^™^^'' ^^•^•^- 4 ™"- f-- Dos
islands, b.E. 7 cables from which is a erassy islet ^O fp^t «k u- f

water, with a low reef half a cable from it ' '' ''°''' ''^'^

Timem^^^^^^ group, and a port of call for the mail steamer.

airn no^t: '7-^'^^'^^' ^"^" ^" ^'^^ -"^^-- side :::r2 :

islands and rocks that may be approached to 2 cables,
ill" c, ,T„f . '" ■■""S-'°»«««Pl>l"ffo„ tl,„co.«. Two

Bashed islands (Kingnitoaksoak), a group of basaltic rocks, arc composed
of four principal and numerous small islets and rocks. The liighest is the
secoutl from the north, and is most conspicuous from tlic remarkable hill
640 feet high that falls in a perpendicular cliff to the sea. The northern
island is also high, with two round mounds, and is the largest of the group.
Fishing craft anchor in all the passages, but the anchorages, are not good.
The southern islet is situated N.N.W. i W. 8 miles from capo Harrison.
Two rocks about 10 feet above liigh water lie S.W. by W. three-quarters of
a mile from the northern island.

Adlavlk islands arc a large group filling the north corner of tho bay,
nearly all arc high and much indented, and the channels are narrow, with
small islets and rocks in them, but time did not allow the examination of
these intricate passages.

Tlkaorallk (Wheel), a sharp-peaked islet about 400 feet high, is the
southern of the group, and is situated N.W. i N. 18§ miles from Webeck
island. A small islet lies close to it, 20 feet high, with a narrow chanucl
between, through which 3 fathoms can be carried.
A rock is repor^ed between this and Ragged islands.
Klkkeptarak is the largest of the group. Rogers harbours lie at the
east extreme, N.W. by N. 2 miles from Tikaoralik. The entrance is deep
and narrow between low rocks on either hand, and craft anchor in 12
fathoms. The harbour is made by an islet and these rocks, and there is a
passage between the islet and Kikkerlarak from harbour to harbour.

Rocks.— Off the eastern harbour are two dangerous ledges that cover at
high water; to clear them the shore should be kept on board tiU the first
channel opens north of Rogers harbours.

The northern island has a round dark hill with a cairn on the summit,
and between it and Kikkcrtarak is an islet with a triple hill.

Analnat, a flat island about 200 feet high, lies 3^ miles off Kikkcrtarak,
and N.W. by N. 11 miles from Ragged islands. Between it and Adlavik
islands are several islets and rocks.

KldUaiult is the outer of two large and some small islets, the inner
of which are called Troubound islands by the fishermen. It is about 2oO
feet high, with a steep cliff at tho east end, and is almost divided by a
iall in the hills. The cast extreme lies N. by W. ^ W. 32f miles from
vixyn' Harrison.

Uisokllalult is the eastern of another group lying parallel to Kidlialuit,
the eastern extremes lying N.W. f N. and S.E. ^ S. 7 miles. The outer
and inner are nearly the sam" height and shape, but the eastern island has
a portion almost detnched at the extreme.

Aiuik bar is fringed by boulders on tho south side, where h a lagoon
dry at low water, but the north shore k steep-to till tho trading post of tho
Hudson bay company is reached, off which is u bank that breaks in bad
weather. There is good anchorage in Summer cove, the first indentation
on north shore, in 10 fathoms, mud, but north-westerly winds blow with
heavy squalls,*

cape Aiutk. tho north point, is a small islet 80 feet high, steep-to on tho
outer face. " ' i

Turnavlk i.iand. are a group situated 11 miles north of eapc Aillik.
Uie largest and northern is wedge-shaped, tho summit about 300 feet hi-h
over the east extreme, off which is a low islet. The western islet is dark
and basaltic. A cluster of islets and roeks is situated south of the largest
|s land, .and east of the westernmost, between which there is no passage
The only track to be followed is south of this cluster and close to the east
extreme of the west island. Nauyaksigaluk (Gull rock), about 40 feet
h.gh, IS the southern of the group, and may be approached on the east side
to 2 cables. Eeefs that generally break lie between this and the low islet
cast of the northern Turiiavik island.

The harbour is on the west side of the northern island, and is forn.ed
by an islet pomt, within which about fifty vessels moor side by side.

A rock that breaks in bad weather is situated N.E. by xN. 2| miles from
the Turuavik islands.

Kalpokok, a remarkable hill 895 feet high, is situated W. byN 10 miles
from cape Aillik. A bay about 30 miles deep runs in west of this moun-
tuin nt the head of which is a post of the Hudson bay company. Several
•smal harbours are situated at the promontory at the base of this mountain
but they were not examined, and the approaches to them are through a

^nZtago "' "'"' ""' ''""•' "'' '" '"">^^^ ^^''^-"^ ^--1

_ tTkanuUtoU are a group of islands N.W. by N. SJ miles from Turuavik
islands. Between these two groups sunken rocks lie scattered, but there
IS a passage between tlum and just west of them. The western of the
Ukal uktok group is curiously striped black and white in nearly hori-
zon al bands, and is an excellent mark for distinguishing the track .- "
likkerasuk. n i>. .

Til.uera.uu (Tickle Ariehat of the fishermen) is an island 91 feet hi.h
off a promontory of the mainland, 3.1 miles from Ukalluktok. There is

Sec Admiralty plan, Aillik bay, No. 223.

only a shallow channel between the island and the main, but it forms an
excellent anchorage for fishing vessels ; off the sonth eido aro Home low
islets, within which anchorage for a night may be had ; the east point is
steep-to, and off the north side of the passage are some islets that shelter
the anchorage.

From Tikkerasuk to ITopcdalo the islands and rocks are almost in-
numerable, and so many aro alike that it would be impossible to identify
them from description. In the directions those bordering on the track
will be described.

canairlktok. a deep bay, runs in N.W. from Tikkerasuk 25 miles.
Kyaksnatalik, an island with a sharp peak, is-situatc.l on the east side of
this bay, at the cast extreme of which arc long points, each surmounted
with a conical hill, on llu- northern and southern of which cairns have
been built. These cones range from 300 to 400 feet in height. From the
eastern of those to Hopcdale is a straight run.

wanuaktok (White Bear island) is the eastern of the group between
Ukalluktok and Ilopedalo. It is situated N. i W. I7i| miles from
cape Mokkovik, is about 50 feet high, fiat, and fringed by low rocks.

KAinrAKSXOAl,UK (The Gull), surmounted by a flagstaff for recogni-
tion by the mission ship, is 210 feet- high, faced by cliffs, and is the
north-eastern of this group. Two low islets lie east of it 3^ miles, with
sunken rocks east and west from them. Rocks lie off Gull island west

Uyarazuksulik (Two Stones), so called from two remarkable blocks
of stone on the south side, is separated from Gull island by a channel 9
cables wide, in which is a rock that breaks. Off the south-east of this
island rocks extend 9 cables.

Two low islets are separated by a channel 8 cables wide from the north
end of Gull island, and a rock lies half-way between them and the outer
rocks off Gull island.

From Gull island to Hopedale there is almost a straight run, with large

groups of islands on either hand.

xinsltok are two remarkable islands on the south side of this passage,
both dark and basaltic ; the eastern, 370 feet high, shows as a cone from
all directions ; the western, 330 feet high, shows conical only from east and
west. They are excellent marks for recognising the passage to Hopedale.

TRACM—Between Hopedale and Windy Tickle or Ikirasaluk, and
thence to cape Harrigan there are two tracks that may be pursued, namely,
either to keep quite outside or inside the islands. The islets and rocks
are so closely studded together, and so many breakers show with even
a moderate sea, that the uuvigatioo among them until thoroughly Hurveyed
must be attended with great danger.

M 3 w'^rT^"~" **•" *"*' track—From Ilolton inla.ul n course
N. I VV 6^ miles will lead between Tinker i^lana un.l Quaker reef, whence
N. by W. 22| miles will lead to cnpe Harrison, paH«ing close ea.st of Bear
island. Hounding Webeck island a course N.W. by W.' 9,«, miles will lead
close north of the sriall islet off Double islands; tlu>n'w. by N * N 7Ji
miles will lead north of Double islands and south of the next islet, "'rim
course must then be ohange.l to N.W. ^ W. to pass between Dog islands
and the mainland. Rounding Dog islands a course N. i E. will lead from
the islet just north of Dog islands to the conical island, passin- east of
the island with two summits and grassy islet off it. From the conrcal island
ft course N.N.E. ^ E. II mUos will bring the vessel to the narrow passage
between the mainland and some low rocks, passing east of the islets off
Manak island at 7 miles, and west of a double islet at 9 miles. The
coast may then be kept off a reasonable distance to Pomiadluk point,
whence to the islands ofF cape Mokkovik is north 8J miles.

By tue outer traok.-A course N. ^ E. 8^ miles from'webeck island,
will lead cast of Ragged islands, when a course N. by W. 1 W 22A miles
will lead to the east extreme of Kidlialuit. Pass by the east end of
Uigoklmluit, and then steer N.W. ^ N. 6^ miles for cape Mokkovik.*

By tte mwaie traok.-Stand down for Jigger island, and when it
bears b.W steer N.NW. | W. 15 miles to pass eastward of Tikaoralik •
rounding the east extreme of Kikkertarak (Rogers) keep close to the shore
till, the first channel north of that islan.l is open ; then st ,1 off shore until
1 omiadluk point is seen well clear of tlie east side of the Adlavik group
^vhen a course N. | W. Ill mil.s will lead between Pomiadluk point and'
some low islets, whence a course may be steered for cape Mokkovik.
This route should be used with great care, as the soundings are most
irregular. °

rBOI« AttMX TO HOMBAM-By the inner .raok.._From cape
Aillik a course N.W. X N. 3^ miles will lea<l south of the southern islets
of the lurnavik group to the west island, that should be rounded
at a cable. The best route to follow is N.W. by N. 4 miles to the
striped island of Ukalluktok, thus passing west of the numerous rocks
and breakers, and east of the archipelago of islands in this reach. After
passing between the striped island and an islet 5 feet high 9 cables west
of it, the west end of the Ukalluktok group should be rounded, and the

M w 1 ^ t''"'-!" '''"'"^ ^"■- '^'" '""'^^ ''''^ ^'•^'^ *»>'« •« to steer

nTw ^; V" '' ' '"""" "''* '•' '''' '-^''"^-^ ^''g'' --ter, then
^.jW. 2i miles to an Jslet about 50 feet, passing west of an island

70 foot high at l^milos. Thence for the, point under Niochungoat, the
Houth conical hill at the eant extreme of Kayaksuatilik, pasHing between an
islet and a rock 3 feet above high water just west of it.

Keep the east points of Kayaksuatilik close on boar.l, to avoid a rock
.ith 3 feet water on it, 4 cables witliin the -"^^-^ ;";;^- ^'"':
Nuvuksoakuluk, the northern cove, is reached, a course N.N.W. ^ W. o^,

miles will lenxl to Hopedale.

Another track from Tikkerasuk is to pass about a mile south-west of
the. brown islet, then W. by N. i N. 6 miles will lead to a narrow passage
south of a conicl islet about 30() feet high, under Kayaksuatilik, and west
of some i-emavKable cliffy hummocks; a sharp bend west and another north,
each about a mile long, lead into an open channel, wlu.ice a course
NE.\ N. H miles will bring the vessel within sight of the mission
flagstaff at Hopedale.

.y tl.e outer traC.-From cape Aillik to Gull rock is H miles from
which a course N. by E. 2\ miles will lead 4 cables east of the reefs that
L b twe n Gull roek'and the islet off northern Turuarik islan ; tli..co
North Hi miles will lead to Nanuaktok (White Bear island), passing
tTi Vuarters of a mile west of a rock that breaks. From Nanuaktok to
dear the reef off Uyarazuksulik N. | W. 6^ miles, and when that .s pissed
t ea': side of Lu island may be rounded. From the north .de of
Gull isknd W.byS. 2^ miles will open the passage nor^ "/^"f^^
between the two large groups of islands, and thence N,W. ^J W-^^.
U miles will bring the vessel within sight of the mission flagstaff at

" Thetack of II.M.S. Gannet from Nanuaktok passed east of the first
group of islets east of Kingitok, whence the route was the same as that
described above.

«OM HOP«A« TO KA«. - From Hopedale the course lies
th'ugh the narrow channel next north of the anchorage, rounding west
oTl^hritoaksoak, a dark cliffed island ; when a course N by E. ^ E.
1 w 11 lead between Nakpakataktalik, a dark cliffy island, a.l a sma^l
Ik rock 3 feet above high water. From ^-^^;^^^^i^
m miles will bring the vessel between a round islet 120 eet hi„U on the
* , J itr. a Lh sharp-peaked island on the west side, passing close
east and ^^^'^^^^^^^ ,,,,,. at 3 miles, and a cliff-faced island
east of an islet 10 toct anjve m^ xr i, . v i V 2 A miles

at 4 miles From the island 120 feet high a course N. b, h. ,- L. 2\ miles

JClcTn, . course N. b, W. i W. 3 miles w,U lea,, .outh „
Caltwhii has a hlg- P^ak 500 feet lugh, a.,1 the-ce a .md-chan-e.

conrsfi between the mainland nn.l tlie proiip of islands of wliich Nnpatr'.ik
is the southern, will lend to Windy tickle.

XlkkertalMoak in the only i)rominont island east of these trneks; it has
two sharp peaks about the same height, 250 feet, anil reefs stretch from
and lie otif'it in nil directions.

Jranuktok (Hears), (Farmyard islands of the fishermen) are a group
consisting of two prineipnl and several smaller islets, S.E. by E. lOi^miles
from cape Ilnrrigan, and N.N.E. i E. 19i miles from Gull isla'nd. After
a strong breeze of wind many breakers were seen bf-twecMi them, caix"
Harrigan, and Kikkertaksoak, and great care shouUl b.. taken when
navigating in that locality.

CAPE HAMiic^iiK is the outer point of the Windy tickle group.
The islands forming it are about 620 feet high, failing in a series of
conical hummocks to the east point. The ice prevented the Gulnare
roundmg the point, and an examination being made of the outer
harbours.

WiWDY TZCKX.1: (Ikirasaluk) is the channel between Windy Tickle
islands and the raaiidand ; it consists of two bends, N.E. 2 miles and
N.W. by N. 3 miles. In the southern reach a shoal extends off the first
bight on the east shore, but by keei)ing the west shore on board n clear
track wiU be found. On the north side of the western bend is a deep bay
with an islet in the middle, making two anchorages. The water is shoal
nearly out to this island from the shore, deepening suddenly from nearly
dry to 10 fathoms. Vessels should not anchor in less than 12 fathoms,
nor attempt to go inside the island. The west bend of Windy tickle is
shallow from another islet lying west of the one described, and mid-
channel should be kept, but even then not more than I4 fathoms can with
certainty be carried through at low water. With winds from N.W.
to North terrific squalls blow down the southern reach, licnce the
name.

A course N. by W. :| W. ilj| miles from the west entrance of Windy
tickle leads to a group of low islets, passing west of Massncre i.Iand
(Kutallik), about 200 feet high, close to and east of a low rock 5 feet above
high water 1^ miles ftirther on, and crossing the mouths of two deep inlets,
named Jack Lane, and Jem Lane bays. Davis inlet, where is a post of the
Hudson Bay Company, lies next north of Jem Lane bay. it is reported
that a strong tide np and overfall prevails at the narrow shallow entrance
to this inlet, and that sailing vessels should not take the passage except at
slack water and with a commandin"- breeze.

After rounding the low group of islands above mentioned, the coast of
Ukasiksalik (Freestone island) should bo kept on board till the east

4/7

extreme 18 reached, when two tracks present themselves. The western
is convenient as being free from field ico ut an early period of the Bcason,
and the fog rarely fetches in, but the eastern ia more direct and is on the
seaboard.

>, the we.t track—The coast of Ukasiksalik must bo ronnded at
about 2 cables .listant ; the north shore ha.s deep bays, with clifty sugar-loat
hills forming the points ; and piu^sing south-wost of some smooth, sloped,
creen .h islands, the south-west point of which is foul for a short distance
off. From this point a con.sc N.N.W. i W. 5 miles leads between
a dark cliffy island on the west sido with rugged points ending in
islets; and on the east side some low islands, through the channels
between which the outer islands can be soon. An island about 200 foe
hi.h will then be seen. Pass west of this island and a low black islet
lyFng off the north extreme. Sunken rocks lie north-west of this islet,
and°are nearly connected with the island just passed.

From this low islet a course North 5 miles loads west of Tunungayualnk,
a large island with steep tree-covered sides, to a narrow tickle, passing
ea«t of a group of islets conical and mound sh.ipcd, at ^'^^^^ f^^^^^
iB situated Merrifield mountain, a square hill ...out 1,700 feet high.
Tunungayualnk should be kept at least 2 cables off when round...g the
north point, to avoid a shoal stretching off it a short distance. 1 ussing
east of some low islets two channels will be disclosed; the western,
narrow, .vith only 2 fathoms water in it, opens at the west end int . the
bay, on the north shore of wlucii Zoar, a missionary station, is situated.
From the west end of this channel a course should be steered to leave
Taktuinak (the island between the two channels) half a mile off, to avoid
a rock that breaks, and thence E. by N. | N. 3 miles nearly will lo^ul to a
low island promontory, on the east extreme of which is an Eskimo hnt.

To avoid this sh.-illow channel, keep mid-ehannel between Tunnu-
gayiialnk and Taktuinak, the next island north, until the «^--' ;;^--
running north is open. Taktuinak is surmounted by a hill 600 feet
high, that falls in a sleep cliff over south-east extreme; the nor hern
portion has a sloping greenish hiU. Between the two is a deep gully in
the hills.

Iunungayak.oak is situated oast of Taktuinak, and is wedge-shaped,
the summit nearly over the west extreme, off which close to is a shoal.
Proceed between Taktuinak and Tunungayaksoak, passing west a cable
off an islet 5 feet above high water. From the north end of this channel
the low island promontory, on which is the Eskimo hut will be seen
North IJ miles. From this hut a course N.E. 6 miles will lead close west

of Achpitok Can iHland with n doep cove, in wliich nnciiomge may bo had
in 12 fathoms), and bt'twcon it and the mainland about Zoar. From Zoar
tiic land trondH N.N.E., and consists of high green hills with raised
tornvced beaches on tlm slopes, surroiindin<j; doep inuentntions. This
course will lead to an islet about 30 feet high, rounding east of which, a
course of N. \ E. fil miles wii.' lead close west of Nuasomuk (Dog), a
conical island 4(M) feet high, and east of a dark islet 40 feet high to the
shore of Kikkertavak, a large island fiOO feet liigb. This shore should
bo kept about 2 cahles distant till the narrow channel between it and
Taktuk (Fog) is reached ; passing west of Noehalik, a high island with
a deep ravine through the north extreme, nearly disconnecting a portion ;
west of Nukasusutok, a dark island with a summit about 800 feet hi"h,
falling in a clift" face on the north ; and south-west of Niatak, an island
with two prominent sununits about 300 feet high, smooth slopes on west
side, and deep bays with clirt" shores on the east.

Taktuk is a small island about 150 feet high, with an Eskimo hut at
tho west extreme ; tiie w. t shore is fringed by boulders, and the shore of
Kikkertavak immediately opposite has some low rocks a short distance off.

From this narrow passage N. by E. 3 miles will pass east of Palungatak,
an island about 600 feet high, with a mound nearly detached at the east
end. Oft' the east side Iwulders extend nearly half-way to the opposite
shore, and the channel between should ho navigated with great caution ;
4 fathoms water can be carried through nearer tho north than the south
shore.

Tunnulnaoak (PoAvnal or Pauls islan<l) is 16^ miles long, situated
north-east of Palungatak, and nearly divided bytv. odeep inlets running
from east and west extremes. Oft' the south-west opposite Palungatak
is a small promontory ending in a rocky mound, with deep bays on each
aide filled with boulders.

rord barbour is at the east end of thi? island, formed by a flat
promontoiy on the south composed of a series of terraces. Tho harbour
mpy be seen from the west over the marsh that joins this promontory to
the mainland. Boulders fringe the shores of tho harbour, but the water
deepens suddenly to 10 fathoms. Anchorage may be had in tho bay
north-east of Ford's house in 13 to 16 fathoms, mud, good holdin"' "round.

WAXKT.— From the channel between Palungatak and Pauls island, the
coast of the latter should be kept about half a mile distant, with a
general course of N.E. for 4^ miles, when the south point of Nain will
bear about West 2 miles distant. Rounding tl'is the mission station at Nain
wil be seen, off which anchorage may be obtained in 13 fathoms, mud.

The nile U universal for thi jaHt tlmt the wutor deep«n8 Buddenly
from the lino of tlio boul.lerH ; to mark tho north »nd oaHt limits of the
latter »t Nain, four Hmall white beacons have been erected, and vessels
must anchor before either pair come in line.

noM *AX» TO TomD «Ai«oim.-Rotrace tho ^-^ck described
above till the shallow passage between Puliingatak and Pauls island is
passed, when a mid-channel course should bo kept between the latter and
Taktuk, Niatak, and Kugjautak (Wodge) a general direction S.E 4 H. or
18i miles, when an islet, Amushavik, will be seen 4 cables off the south^
east point of Pauls island. Pass between them and round Pauls island

close to Ford harbour. .

From Ford harbour, by tho inner ro«t<, there is a good passage south
of Niutak, a course W. by N. | N. 7^ miles from Amusb.n-.k wil lead
north of iukasusuktok. Rounding this island Nochalik should be steered
for b. t vessels should use this channel with great care, as there is a rock
off the low islets west of Nukasusuktok.

nOM WXKJ>V TICMB TO TOUX» HA«flOU» BV TM OXTT^
,1UL«.-Steer as befo-a described till the east point of Ukasiksalik
~Btone island) is re. .bed. From this, E- by M 8. 2^ miU.s U.a s
Ayngatot, a barren islr.nd with a round summit about 250 feet high.
A rock lies S.W. from this island about 2 cables. From the west of this
Arocklicsb.W ^^ Kikkertaksoak (Sprnckling's

;rnd,^f thlll'nLly'in the track must be kept a little farther of.
than^he direct course leads to avoid any spurs stretching off thorn.

.ikkertalcoalc (Spacklings island) is very remarkable, being the outer
hiHland, and haling two sharp peaks at the south end and a high
id iTthe north. There is a small harbour n the east side sheltered
by some islets.

trvto^iayuK (Lopsided island) is a remarkable dome-shaped rock, about
400 feet high, W. by N. ^ N., 2^ miles from Kikkertaksoak.

K.re Uiand ( Ukallik) is an island with two summits about 200 feet,
S E b e" E.H miJ from Kikkovtaksoak. This is the island usually
^ade by the mission ship for going either to Zoar, or to ^am.

KlUit. the outer island, Ir situated S.E. X E., 3^ miles from Hare island.
»OM 8F»ACKX.mO^ -«A»B TO XOAB a course N.N.W. i W.
5 "s wiXd east of a g. cup of small islets, the western Pokertuk is
40 tl gh, whence N.W. | N. H -'les will bring the vessel to the eas
Xtoi Tunungayaksoak. a little hillock joined to tU. main island.^ Keep
39041.

this island slioro about half a mile distant, and steer W.S.W, 4 miles
mid-channel between that island and two islands, Aklatalik and
Tunungayaksoak, north of it, the former about 500 feet high, with
numerous conical summits, and passing close to an islet about 60 feet
high. This will lead to the entrance of the channel between Taktuin«ik
and Tunungayaksoak already described.

FROM SPRA.CKKXN'OS ISXAITS TO X>OSB BABBOVB. — The

natives state that a clear passage will be found between these places by
steering N. | E. 19^ miles to another island called Kikkertaksoak (Big
island), ab jut 300 feet high and flat in outline, thence N.E. 4 miles to
SioraUk or Sandy island, so called from the colour. The west point of
Sandy island must be kept close on board to avoid a shoal, whence a
course N. { W. for 6 miles will lead to Ford harbour

Ilydrographic Office, Admiralty, London,
17 th May 1876.

LONDON:

Printed by Gkoege E. Eyre aud William SroTTiSwoODE,
Printers to the Queen's most Excellent Majesty,
For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
[2650.— 500.— 6/76.]