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■©

-lO

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA)

RETURN to an ADDRKXf of the Honnanble Tlie HouM of Coiumnnt,
dulnl 7 Apri) 1843;— ;/»r,

COPY of the Act of the Parliame!<t of Canada in 1841, appropriatinir Colonial
Monies for the Improvement of the Navigation of the River St.LauTence, and for other
Public Works in the Cotuidiu; — Cupi es or Extracts of all Corrrspon deuce between
the Colonial Office and the Governors of Canada, respecting the Improvement of tlie
River St. Latr'rnce and other Public Works, under the Provincial Government, in the
Years in40 to 1843, both inclusive:— Copy or Extracts of any REPORTsmade to the
Government of Canada, since January 1840, respecting the Lachine, Beauharnoit, Corn-
wall, Rapid Plat, Gallopi and Welland Canals ; showing the Estimates, if any, pre-
pared for each of those Works: — Accounts of the Amounts already expended upon
these Canals and Public Works ; stating the Amount expended upon each Work in each
Year, together with an Abstract of the Amount of i.he remaining Estimates for the said
Works: — Of all Monies borrowed for Public Works by the Canadian Government
during the Years 1840 to 1843, both inclusive ; stating the Rates of Interest to be paid,
and what Arrangements have been made fur Repayment of Principal Sums and Interest
thereon : — Of the Terms on which the Loan (sanctioned by the British Parliament in
1842 fc the Service of Canada) has been made in England; stating the Date of the
Contract, the Amounts of the Loan paid up, the Dates of such Payment, vnd how the
same has been appropriated: — Of all Monies received as Tolls on the Lachine,
Ottawa, Rideau and Welland Canals, in each of the Years 1840 to 1842, both inclusive;
distinguishing the Amount from each Canal in each Year.

Colonial Office, Downing street,!
19 August 1843. J

(Mr. Hume.)

Ordered, by The House of Commons, to be Printed,
21 August 1843.

595-

CANADA ACTS P- l

CORRESPONDENCE - - - p. 13

LOANS P- 209

MAP of CANADA, showing the several Public Works corop'.eted or inl _ at the end.
prcgress ----------- -J

[ ". ]

S t 11 K l> r L K.

f A N A 1) A \ C T S.

C411AUA Act, 4 k r, Virt., c. a8 ■
Canada Act, 4*5 Vitt., c. ;j;j
Canada Act, 4 & 5 Vict., c. 38
Canada Act, ti Vict., c. 8 -

Pauk

To u|>|)r<i|iriulc ccrluin Sum* i)f Monty lor I'lihlic lin-
provi'iiicnti, and for oilier puqmwt . • . - i

To f.KililaU' till- iH'^oliation nt 3 Loan in England, anil
for other purpoMs till ri'in iiti'iiliinv J - - - 4

To Utpcul I'crtuiii Oidinanri'». therein ■ncntiniiid, iiml
to otubh'sh a Hoard of Works . . . . tj

To aiithorizi> raising a I.oan in Kngland for tlic vV.n-
structioii of I'ublic Works - - • • - 1 1

No.

1. Lieut.-Ciovcrnor Sir G. Arthur to
the Mari|ui!> <>f Normanby.

3. Tlie Right hon. C. V. Thomson to
Lord John UuskcII.

3, T5ie night lion. C. P. Thomson to

Lord John ItusBcll.

4. Lieut-Oovcrnor Sir G. Arthur to

Lord John Uugscll.

5. Lord Sydenham to Lord John Kusigcll

G. Jord John Kusscll to Lord Sydenham

7. Lord Sydenham to Lord Jolin Russell

8. Lord John Russell to Lord Sydenham

Q. LordSydcn|iam to Lord John Russell

10. Lord Sydenham to Lord John RusscI 1

II. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart, g.c.b. to
Lord Stanley.

1 3. Lord Stanley to Sir Charles Bagot,
Bart., o.c.B.

13. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart, o.c.b. to

Lord Stanley.

14. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart, g.c.b. to

Lord Stanley.

15. Lord Stanley to Sir Charles Bagot,

Bart. a.'c.B.

16. Lord Stanley to Sir Charles Bagot,

Bart. o.c.B.

17. Sir Charles Bagot, Batt. o.c.b., to

Lord Stanley.

18. Lord Stanley to Sir Charles Bagot,

Bart. u. c. a.

C O R R E S 1» O N U E N C E.

Date. StnjECT. Paul

8 June 1831) On the Financial Stale of the Province, and progres* of

Public Works - - - - - - - 13

11 Mar. 184U Rcspocting the Public Debt of the Canadas. with a view

to afsistance from the ImiHTial Purliaincnt - • a'i

27 June 1840 Trunsinitting an .\ccount of the financial state of the

Canadas ........43

14 July 1840 Transniiffinc Piipcr* relative to the Kinploynunt of ihe
Imniierunts, and to enable the (.'omniissiunerK to eor-
tinuc the operation of the I'ublic Works - • - 38

32 Feb. 1841 State of Finances; Amount of Canadian Debt; proposal
fur n Loan to liquidate Debt, and to complitc public
Works ....-•...51

II Jan. 1841 Requesting promised Statement, and enclosing Copy of

Letter to the Treasury 53

25 Feb. 1841 In reply to Despatch of 11 Jan. ----- 54

3 May 1841 Views of Iter Majesty's Government on Finance, Mili-
tary Defence, and Emigration ..... 5C

G May 1841 Acknowledging receipt of Despatch of sG Mbrcli, enclos-
ing Memorial respecting llie advaneinient of Agricul-
ture and Commerce, and the completion of Public
Works. Objections to proposals of Memorialistti • 58

38 Aug. 1841 Enclosing Message to House of Assembly, and Report
from President of the Board of Works, respecting the
public Improvements most advantageous, and a Scheme
for defraying their Cost - . _ . - - - Co

14 Jan. 1 843 Recommending that the negotiation of the Loan tiiCanada
should be conducted under the immediate sanctum of
the Treasury 68

3 April 1843 Consideration of the subject of the Canada Acts - • 69

38 April 1843 Observations on the Course proposed by Her Majesty's
Government relative to guaranteeing a Loan in aid of
Public Works 76

6 May 1842 The s.ime subject -.-....78

8 July 1843 Answer to the above ••••...85

3 July 1843 Further instruction.! on same subject ; appointment of an

Engineer to superintend <;xeculion of Wutks • - 87

19 July 1843 Details relative to Public Works proposed to be at once

commenced ........88

36 Aug. 1843 Answer to the preceding Despatches, in relation to the

Canal between Lakes St. Francis and St. Louis - <)3

595.

f iv 1

! \

« , ..1

Scniht 1 1— luii/iKun/.

>;„ n*Tr. JTiijrrT Paoe.

io/Sir CliiiriM IWol, Itart. r,.r. b. lo sr, July 184: \ppliralion lor an Advanie Irom llii' nrili-Ii TrcMiiry of
lonl htanUv. * »'"" <><" Money lo liquidBlo ( Iaini» on arcount of

I'ublic Work* y3

10 l^ord Manlcy to Sir Chwlfi P»gol, I Srpi. 184.! Kntloiinn forTC»|)onilcnrc with the Tn'aiury on the

lUit. (..c.B. Application Cor mi ailvancc of Money abovi-mrntionid 95

«l Sir Charlf. Hairol, llart. or.i. to f. Aug. 184? Tran«milting Uc-rort of the Chairman of the Board of
Ijord Munlty. Worki an I" tfif relative AdvanlaRet of conitructing

the Canal bet«r<'n Laket ^t. Fruncia and St. Louis
on the North or South >horc of the St. Lawiencc • rfi

12. Sir rharlcn Hagot, UarC. o.c.a. lo 10 Oct. 1842 Tran»niitling a Meuagc from the Governor-general to
Lord Stanley. ''"' House of Assembly upon Acts of last Session,

relating to I'ublic- Works and ihc proposed Loan • 100

33. Lord Slnnlev to Sir Charles Bacot, 30 Dec. 1841 Transmitting Order in Council, signifying Her Majesty's

Bart. <i. I. B. Assent lo an Act of the Local Legisldture for raising,

by way of Loan in England, the sum of 1,500,000/. • 10a

34. Lord Stanley to Sir Charles Bagot, 3 Jan. 1843 Acquainting the Governor general that Her .Majesty has

Bm^, G.c.B. been pleastd to appoint the Lords of the Treasury to

negotiate the Luan above-mentioned • • • 1 03

35. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart. c. c.B. to II Oct. 1843 Transmitting Repoit from a Select Committee ui>on the

XjotA Stanley. Beauharnois Canal 105

36. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart. c.r. b. to 8 Nov. 1843 Referring to Despatch of loth ult., and requesting that

Lord Stanley. the sum of 300,000 /. may be increased to 300,000/. 106

37. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart. g.c. >. to 11 Dec. 1843 Transmitting Report from President of Board of Works,

Lord Stanley. upon the progress of the Public Works ... 106

38. Ixird Stanley to Sir Charles Bagot, 14 Jan. 1843 Acknowledging receipt of Despatch of 1 1 December, and

Bart. o. c B. expressing satisfaction at the progress of Public Works 108

39. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart. g.c. b. to 18 Jan. 1843 Transmitting printed Report of the Select Committee of

Lord Stanley. the House of Assembly upon the subject of the Beau-

harnois Canal • - 108

30. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart, g.c.b. to 33 Feb. 1843 Acknowledging receipt of Despatches of 30 Dec. 1843

Lord Stanley. and 3 Jan. 1843, on the subject of the Canadian Loan

Act; Terms satisfactory - - . • . .183

31. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart. o.c.B. to 34 Feb. 1843 Transmitting Communication from Receiver-general, ac-

Lord Stanley. company ing an Estimate of Sum required in 1843 for

Public Works 184

33. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart, g.c.b. to 34 Feb. 1843 Enclosing a Statement of the Works for which Appro-

Lord Stanley. priatiuns have been made • • - • . 1 8G

- 33. Sir John Barrow, to G. W. Hope, 4 April 1843 Fonrarding Letter from Captain Sandom, relative to the

Esq. Improvements carrying on on the l4ikes of Canada • 188

34. Sir C. T. Metcalfe, Bart. g.c. b. to 37 May 1843 Transmitting Return of Monies borrowed for Public

to Lord Stanley. Works, since 1 Jan. 1840 ; cnclo>ing Map of the Pro-

vince, showing the position of the Public Works
* executed, or in course of construction - - - 189

35. Sir C. T. Metcalfe, Bart. o. c. B. to 39 June 1843 Forwarding Documents respecting the Improvements

Lord Stanley. required in the Water-communication in the Province,

with Estimates; Return of Tolls received on the
Rideau and Ottawa Canals i8g

LOAN.

36. Contracts for the Canada Loan -• -•..... goq

37. Account of Payments made on account of tlie Canada Loan ---...... goo

38. C. E. Trcvelyaii, Esq. to J. Stephen, 11 July 1843 Further Contracts on account of Canada Loan - - aio

Esq.

MAP.

Map of Carada, showing generally the several Public Works completed or now in progress, as em.l
braced and authoriBetl by 3 & 4 Vict. c. 38 ; also exhibiting the dilTerent Lines of Road undertaken I
by the respecuve Dittncta, and Schedule explanatory of the cost of the several Public Worka - J

at the tnii.

[ I 1

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

CANADA ACTS.

ri^AluliW

A rrrUin mm |;iulcd

(No. a8.)

4 & 5 Vict., Cap. xxviii.

AN ACT to appropriato certain Sums of Moiiuy for PrnLic iMrROVEMENTS in
this Province, and for otber {luriioiies thcrciu nu<ntiono<l.

(IH Septfinbcr 1841.)

Most Gracious Sovereion,
Whereas it will conduct' to l\w i)ro8|)crity and advancpmcnt of this province,
tliat the public works hereinafter mentioned Ik; undertaken and completed with
tho leaflt possible delay ; May it therefore pleoflo your Majesty, that it may Im;
enacted ; and be it therefore enacted by The Queen's m«)st Excellent Majehty, by
and with the advice and consent of t'.e Legislative Council and of the Le^piilntive
Assembly of the I'roviiice of Cana«In, constituted and assembled by virtue of and
under the authority of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United Kinjfdoni
of Great Britain and Ireland, intituled, " An Act to re-unite the Provincey, i»f
Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada ;" and it is hereby
enacte«l by the authority of the same, that for the construction and completion of *« i>»1'Ik: wrti.
the public works of this province, thdre be granted to Her Majesty, Her heirs and
successors, the sum of One million, six hundred and fifty-nine thousand six hun-
dred and eighty-two pounds, sterling, which said sum shall be ap|)lied and
expended under the charge and superintendence of the Board of Works of this
province, for the erection and completion of the following public works, and in
the proportions and within the periods herinafter mem 'U'rl ; that is to say :

For the Welland Canal, the sum of Four hundred iai(, fifty thousand pounds, Wciiuri vu„i.
sterling ;

For the improvement of the navigation of the Saint Lawrence, exclusive of
Lake Saint Peter, Six hundred and ninety-one thousand six hundred and
eighty-two pounds, sterling ;

For the improvement of the navigation of the Lake Saint Peter, Fifty-eight
thcusand five hundred pounds, sterling ;

For the Burlington Bay Canal, Forty-five thousand pounds, sterling ;

For 'improving the internal waters of the Newcastle district, the con-
struction of slides, locks and certain roads leading thereto, Fifty thousand
pounds, sterling ;

For constructing or improving harbours and light-houses on Lakes Ontario
and Erie, and roads leading thereto, Seventy-four thousand pounds,
sterling ; # *

For improving the River Richelieu, Twenty-one thousand pounds, sterling ;

For improving the River Ottawa, and building bridges and constructing
slides on the same, Twenty-eight thousand pounds, sterling ;

For improving the Bay of Chalours Road, between Perc6 Point and the
Indian Mission, and a portion of the Metis or Kempt Road, Fifteen
thousand pounds, sterling ;

For improving and completing the Gosford Road, between Quebec and the
Eastern Townships, through the block of land possessed by the Govern-
ment, Ten thousand pounds, sterling ;

For improving and completing the Main Northern Road from Lake Ontario,

at Toronto, to Lake Huron, continuing and perfecting the same from the

595. A , termination

linprovvmvDt of iHc
8t. Ijinrrace.

Lake St. Pcirr.

Burlington B«jr CtniJ.

W.irM i.; ^■ewtl•lI(■
Dulrict.

Harbour and Light.
koiiiN-* OD Lakr« OoUrio
•od Krir,

Rinr Richetip\..
River Ottawa.

Bay of Cbaknn Road.
GsdndRoai.

Mail Nottlicrn Ksad.

M#«« |*rovuMt ll«>4.

r%%^t4f9 to TroviB

Liuff

LoiMlon tornri S«Tou.

I*rKl;;M ttrtwrrs Quebrc
aaj MuQtrrtl.

L'0(i|[nal to tbi
Si. LawrcQtY.

lUmiltoa to P«t Duvtr.

i ■

i !

PAPERS RELATING TO

tr-rminntion of tbo |Mirtinn nln m.Iv midcrtakcn I)T flu' di-frirt of Rnme,
iMal.li'liin;' tdll-l'iir* tli. r.oii. aii<rini|.r..viiiK' miii'lry parti thiiicn to Pi-nc-
tnii^'iii'liinc, ami on tliu Cohl-wutur I'orta^'f, Tliirty tliouwiml |poundi,
t-tcrling ;
For iin|>n.vinjr tli<> Mnin Provinoo Ron.l from Qik-Ih-c to AmhcTstl.urjr and
port >ariiiii, t.uil.liii:; (crtairi l.rid;jis on tlio winif Ixtwti ii Montreal and
On. ixc. an! iiii|in>viinf tliox- |...rtinii» of tlic liiir aloii;,' wliioli tin- riviT or
lak.H UR' not now availabU; for the tmnH|iort of tlie mails, that is to say :

To maradaniizc or otIicrwi«f improve that portion littwern tiie C'uscadi!* and
till' Pro\iii<f iini', and to f!.tabli.«h toll-barb theri-on, Fiftem Ihoiiiiund
|l<)und^ bti'riing;

To nincndftmize or othcrwixo ooniplite that pfirtion frfim tlio tcnnination of
tin- jiart aln>a<ly nndcrtuki-n by tlie dixtrirt of llrtintford to London, and
cstaldisli tolls tlii'ri'on, Fifty-live tlioiihand pounds, sterlin;,';

To drain, tnnik, form, nnd (tt'icrwiso improve tlio road tbenco to Port Sarnia,

Fiftf<'n tliouwind, pounds ^ttrling ;
T«> drain, tnmk, f<inn, nnd othtTwise improve tlio nmd from London to Chnt-

ham. Snudwirh ami Amhorstburg, Fifty-live thousand poundx, sterling ;

For building' bridges over the largo rivers between Quebec and Montreal,
Thirty-four thousand pounds, sterling ;

For tlu' completion of the Military Road, from the Ott.iwa near L'Orignal
to the Saint Lawrence, Fifteen hundred |M>und8, Btorling;

For tho formation of a line of road from Hamilton to Port Dover, Thirty
thuuannd pounds, sterling. $

Power. hrrcioforP»«i«i IL And }w it Kuacted, That from and after the passing of this Act, all Dirco- •
in .oy i),r«-t„™ „r ^ Commissioiiers apiiointed bv or under the authority of any of the laws now

ofiiit.jiiiii'iiWic«.irVi. ill force, authorizing the construetion or carrying on of any of the said works and
rf w^'u '" "" ""*"' improvements, ghall be su|)erse(led, and their resi.ectivo oHices shall cease and be
determined to all intents and purposes whatsoever; and that all and every the
j)o»i'>rs and .luthoritics conferred upon any such Directors or Commissioners in or
by any such law or laws shall be transfernd to .and shall .ind m.iy be used, exer-
cised and enjoyeil by and under the direction of the Hoard of Works, in as full
» and ample a manner to all intents and purposes as tho same might or lawftilly

could be used, exercised or enjoyed by such Directors or Commissioners or any
number of them respectively: i'rovided, that nothing herein contained shall
diminish or affect the authority and powers of the Commissioners appointed by or
under the authority of an Act of the Legislature of the late Province of Upper
Canada, passed in the third year of the reign of his late Majesty King William
the Fourth, and intitulci^ " An Act granting to Her Majesty a sum of Money,
to be raised by Debenture, for the Improvement of the River Saint Lawrence," in
80 far as reganls the settlement of the claims for compensation for damages made
under the said Act, by any person whomsoever, before the passing of this Act; but
such powers and authorities, and all the ]irovisions of the said Act shall, in so far
as regards any such claim, be and remain in full force and effect, as if this Act
had not been passed ; and provided also, that nothing herein contained shall in
anywise affect the rights or ])ovvers of the Stockholders of the capital stock
of tho Wclland Canal Company, or any Directors by them elected according
to law.

I'mviso u In rrrLlin

ptiwcri lu >ftllt! claiuli

nr lUitiagrd pwn liy

Art iif U.

Is.

C, 3 Will. 4,

Itlgliti ud liabilltin of
llifl CooiininioTirri aod
Direr tors IraniifemHl to
the Hoard of Work*.

A loan may Ytt railed

by the Gnvi'i nor tu on
aiDUuat vquiJ to Hit

711. Provided always, jind be it Enacted, That nothing Iierein contained shall
be constnied in anywise to annul, discharge, vacate or make void any contract,
agreement, debt or liability lawftilly made, entered into or incurred by or to such
Directors or Coniniissioiiers; but that every such contract, agreement, debt or
liability shall be performed, fulfilled, paid and discharged to or by the said Board
of Works, in like manner and subject to the same conditions as it Avouid have
been to or by the said Directors or Commissionei-s if they had continued in office.

IV. And be it Enacted, That it shall bo lawful for the Governor, Lieutenant-
governor or jicrson admiuisteriug the government of this Province, from time to
♦ . time,

iBHH

PUBLIC WORKS (.CANADA) $

* jiino. and M octtuion ftliall nNHiirc. to rai-M- by luau tli.» Haiti ouin of One million j-.i^

m fix hiin«ln'<l ami fifty-niiie iIjoumukI fix liumlrtMl and tijrlity-twti |Miun<N Ktcrhnjr. '" ' *'"

for th<' c«i»«tnntion uuti loniplftiou of the ■c-vural imblic works Ui-rwiuUfore

enumerated, '

V. And be it KnactiMJ, That it Nimll Ih< lawful fur tlie (Joveruor. I.ieutenaut-
ifovemor or |K'r«on udniinistiTinj; the jfo\»Tnnii'nt of this Province, to «-auK« or
direct anv nuinlM-r of Uolx-nlun-a to ix- niudc ont for hucIi ttnni or smnsi of money,
not exceeding in the wliole tlie amount liereinUjfore autliorizetl to lie rni^Ml, ua uny
person or |icn*oiis, body or Inidifs corponite or |>oliti«', nliail aj^ree to uilvunce upon
sncli delM-ntiires, witb interest payable half-yearly at a rale not exi-eedini; tlie nite
of five jMuinds for every biindred jiouihIh by tlie year, and whieh Miid debeiitnres
shall be made payable at twenty years from the date thereof.

t<' the anxmnt ifuirMMl.

VI. And be it Enacted, Tliat all snob delM-nturo* and intep'st thereon, and the ivwnimr. ;«»fHuiH!,r
charges incident thereto or nttendinj? the same, Hlmll be and are hereby declared li,;;;^,;',,";,'^;*"'"''"

to Ikj charged and charj^'able U|)on atid whall In; lionie and paic' ' '•'> '• •:

dated lleveuue Fund of thin Province.

'itt ot tlie LoiHoli- t\„ i>i

trnuc uf

VII. And ho it I'Jiacted, That if any jierson or persons shall forj^e or counter- r...n,ir>f.iiin« ,m»i..
feit any such debenture as aforeiuiid, which sliull be issued under the authority of ||;7i.'fMu.ii rj\V't.'im!,
this Act and remain uncancelled, or anystani|>, indorseineiu or writing,' thereon or

therein, or shall tender in payment any such for^jed or counterfeited delM-nture,
or any debenture witli such counterfeited indorsement or writ iiijr thereon, or shall «

demand to have sucdi counterfeit debenture, or any debenture with such counter-
feited iiulorsemeiitor writinjr thereupon or therein, exchanjjetl for ready money by
any person or persons who shall be obli;;ed and reipiired to exchan;ie the saiiu'. or
by anv other pe^^oIl or persons whomsoever, knowin^f the debentnri' so teinlered in
payment or deniamlod to be exchanijetl, or the indorsement or writing thereu|ioii
or therein, to be for^jed or coimterfeited, and with intent to defnuid Iler .VIaJ<'sty,
Her heirs or successors, or the person appointed to jiay otl' the same, or any of
themi or any other person or persons, Ijodies politic or corponite, then every such
person or persons so oftendinj!r> beinj,' thereof lawfully convicted, sliall be adjudged
guilty of felony, and shall suffer punishment accor<lin<i;Iy.

VIII. And bo it Enacted, That the Roceiver-peneral of this Province for the Aa-mmu to u miUtwi
time being, shall lK'f«.ro each session of the Parli.iment of this Province, transmit by the K«.iv«.geMi.j.
to the Governor, Lieutenant-governor or jierson administering the government of

this Province, a correct account of the numbers, amount and ilates of the different
debentures which may have been issued under tlie authority of this Act, of the
amount of the debentures redeemed by him, and the interest paid thereon respec-
tively, and also of the amount of the said debentures outstanding .iiul unreileemetl
at the period aforesaid, and of the expenses attending the issue of the same, and
of carrying this Act into effect.

IX. And be it Enacted, That the interest accruing upon the said debentures Sufh intirnt m Ih- p.y.
shall and may be demandabic at half-yearly periods computing from tin; date " '
thereof, and shall and may be paid on demand by the lletfiver-genenil of this Pni-
vince for the time being, who shall take care co havo the same indorsed on e.ich
debenture at the time of payment thereof, expressing tiie period up to which the
said interest shall have been paid, and shall take receipts for the same from the
parties respectively ; and that the Governor, Lieutenant-govi rnor or person admi-
nistering the government of this Province, shall after the thirtieth day of June, and
the thirty-first day of December in each and every year, issue warrants to
the said Receiver-general, for the payment of the amount of interest that
shall have been advanced according to the receipts to be by him taken as
aforesaid. • ' '

alilc liy tlie Rwrivei-
f;i-ncral half-jeaily.

X. And be it Enacted, That a separate warrant shall be made to the Receiver-
general, by the Governor, Lieutenant-Governor or person administering the goveni-
ment of tliis Province for the time being, for the payment of each debenture as the
same may become duo and be presented, in favour of the lawful holder tliereof,
and that such debentures as shall from time to time be discharged and paid off,
shall be cancelled and made void by the said lleceiver-general.

595- A _' XI. And

how to bo paid off.

fbVnlHtM ri4ii1>*il>

fMflkrr i*W«

riprwM Mirf tolU

r<>llrr««l Ml mtek nofka
I., h* Ui4 hHmt

Ainwsiijil CUttit.

4 PAPEHS RELATINr. TO

XI. Ami Ik- it rniwtwi. Tliat Rt any tinn- hon-nftor it tliall an«l may »»o ln«riil fur
thr <i<i*i'ni<ir, I.i«Mit«-iiant-K«»v( nior or |Kr>«.n iiiliiiini''t<'rinj? th<' jjovminunt of
thi-. I'r-i»iiiri-. if hf tliinkn |ir«.|«T *. to ilo, to (lin-rt a iiotioo to bu in<u-rU-<l in Uk-
CJiuMttr, n-«jiiiriiij( all lioldim of Midi of tlu" mii'i «lilKntunti an Khali bt- tlit-n re-
«!f<iiinl.lf to |.r.wiit tin- -niiu' for paymint. an<l if (iifttr insertion of tin- wiiil notiro
for thn-«' nioiitlii.) aiiv «l<Niitun' t'litii \M\hUU' nhall n-maiii out morw than >*\x
montlm from tlu- Wmt |iiilili«ation of micli notice, all inti-n-wt on Burh «loh«ntiirpa
alti-r lh«' expiration «.fth««Mi<l mx numthn xhall <•«*«<• ami be no further jwyahle in
n-KjuTt to tin- time whirh may <Ih|mh. liftwo4>n the expiration of the naid liz months
ami their pntn-ntment for |inynient.

XII. And Im- it enarU'<l, That there Rhall be annually laid Iwfore both Houfwflor
the I>'jfiiilnfiireortliiK Province, aocountH in detail of the exju'mlituru niwlo in tlio
pnwMrntion of the wveral public works liereinlx-fore mentinniHl, and alio of the
rateit andtoiid n'ctiv«'<l <m wrouiit of eaeli of saitl works respectively.

Xin. And Im» it eiiacte<l, Tliat the due application of the monien herein jfranted
fihnll Ik> ai'coiintwl for to Her Mi^jesty. Ilerheimand HUCceMcnt, through the Lonia
CommissioiierN of the Tn-iutury. in such manner and form a* Ilur Majesty, Her
heirs or suei-ewom ithall lie ;,'raciouMly [tleased to direct.

(No. 33)

n^patrh of the Sffrr-
Ury ttf 8tal» Inr thr
i nkMiHis dated 3d ^lay
IH4I, 10 part rrcitcfl.

The Cooanliilatcd
Itevcnnc Fund of the
|intvincc 10 be chai^ede
with any itim not ci-

rt-nling '4.M ,500,000
*t. itiog, riiord bjr loan
for the purpoaet afore*
mmJ.

4 At 5 Vict., Cap. xxxiii.

AN A(;T to fnrilitnt*' the Negotiation of a Loan in England, and for other
piir|M>seH therein mentione«l. — (18 Septembi>r 1841.)

Most Gracious Sovereign,

Me, Your Majesty's mont dutiful and loyal nubjects, the Legislative Assembly
of the province of Canada, in Parliament a.s8emblud, having taken into our seriouH
con8iderutioii the present state of the public debt of this province, and the message
t»f Your Miyesty's Governor-General of^this province, transmitting a despatch
from Y<iur Mi\^e8ty'8 Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies, bearing date
the 3d of May, in the year of our Lord 1841, and containing among other things the
following passage :

" The Queen's Government coincide in your views of the expediency of makini^
such arrangement as may employ the credit of this country for the benefit of tho
finances of Canada, .ind have given their consideration to the plan proposed in
your despatches. They are of opinion that such an arrangement, if it can be car-
ried into effect with the consent of tho creditors, would be in every way desirable ;
but they feel that the objections to a Bill compelling parties to receive payment
of their money in breach of agreement entered into with them by competent
authority are insuperable.

" Her Majesty's Government are ready to give any assistance in conformity with
your proposal, which does not appe.ir to them inconsistent with goo<l faith. They
are ready to propose to Parliament to guarantee a loan which may be required for
Public AVorks (under the restrictions suggested by youj, for tho repayment of such
jiart of the debt as may be now redeemable, or may be held by creditors who shall
•leclare themselves willing to accept reasonable terms," — and being desirous of
lessening the charge of the said debt, as well as of making provisions for the con-
tinuance and completion of public works commenced in this province, by means
of a loan at a reduced rate of interest, under the guarantee proposed in the said
despatch, humbly beseech Your Majesty that it may be enacted ; and be it there-
fore enacted by The Queen's most Excellent Mtyesty, by and with the advice and
consent of the Legislative Council and of the Legislative Assembly of the pro-
vince of Canada, constituted and assembled by virtue of and undert he authority
of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, intituled, " An Act to re-tmite the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada,
and for the Government of Canada ;" and it is hereby enacted by the authority of
the same. That after the charges mode on the Consolidated Revenue Fund of this
province, under and by virtue of the said Act of Parliament of Great Britain and
Ireland, the said Consolidated Fund shall be charged and chargeable with the
payment of the interest and principal of any new debentures, loan or stock not
exceeding the sum of One million five hundred thousand pounds sterling money

I'Unl.ir WOHKH (CAXAOA^.

«f fjfpnt Britnin, wliioli "ilinU Im« rni<M><l or rrt»nfo<l nn J»o|i«lf of tlii* (trnvinrc
hv virtiM' of tliit Act «»r of any Art or A«'Ih of tin' I'nrlinmciit of <Sn'at llritnin and
Irt'lniiil, to Im' pnoMil for tlic mixinf^ ami rntitiii); any »iirh loan or NtiM-k. or
for th«' |»nf|M»*« of jniarnntfoinp tlio |mynii>iit of the Mini' anil iiitorf«t tlionnm by

II. And \m' it enact<>«I, That in raM> it itliall bv niTvssary tu ffli>rt mirh I<ian, it tw

^hr«liirv« lor lurk k«a
>■

khall and may In- lawful for the (iovt-rnor of tliix |)M>«itu-o to authorizt* dclM-ntiiri'ii
to till* amount of Ono million five hundred tliouNand |ioundN of Ntcrlin;; money tu
\iv ixHunl in xuch form, and |>ayal>l(' at Midi |K>riiMl, and for nucIi xuniw, and at mirh
rato of iiitt'n-Ht n» xliall In> niofit ronvenicnt, and ax Nhall Ih> in arcordanrv with tho
tornm in which !inrh now loan may h«> guanintt>04l an afontiaid.

III. And be it<>nact(>d, Tliat all and omtv tho {iroviNionH of a certain Act of tho fmm., pr<>n.i«M<>fik«
Parliament of I'piKT Canada, paxtted in the M>venth year of the reijjn of his late ; \'J^ t'T^f* »il!^.
MHJottty Kinjr CiKoRiiK tho Fourth, and intituled, "An Act to authorize the !•<'•» i<> •»• 4r»iMit«r«

ifeWalurM In
b« i n mii *»4tt tha Act.

(tovoniment to Itormw a certain Sum of Money u|)on lK>lM>ntiiroi< to Im- loaned to in^rjw
tlM> Welland Canal Com|wny," which ndato to the delienturox authorixeti by that
Act, passinjr current with certain public accountantM, the miH|N>nHion . f .nteroMt in
certain cam>H, the iud)mittinf; to the ijejriNlature accountw of Much delK-nturot* and
the interoHt paid tlien>on, and the ex|ienHeH attending the same, and the payint; olF
and cancelling the oaid ilel>onturefl ; and alw* the pntfiHiouH contain«'d in the
seventh section of tho said Act, declaring; and making the forging any xuvU delM'ii-
tun>, or any stamp, writing or indorsement thereon or therein ; and the tendering in
payment any such forged deb«»nture, or any debenture with such counterfeit btamp,
indorM'ment or writing thereu|>on or therein ; and tho demanding tr) have such
counterfeit deltenturo, or any delienture, with such counterfeit stamp, intlorsement
or writing therpu|ion or therein, exchanged for rea«ly money by any )Hrsoii or per-
sons who shall be obliged or required to cxcliunge the same, or by any other |K'r-
son or persons whoms<M'ver, knowing su.li delM-nture, or the stamp, indorsement
or writing thereupon or therein to be forged or counterfeite*!. and with intent to
defraud, as in the said Act is mentioned — Felony, and subjirting the jterson or
persons guilty thereof to suffer as in the cases of felony, slmll Ito and are hereby
enacted and declared to l»e in force witli regard ami in nspoct to all and every
debenture or debentures to be issued in pursuance of this Act.

IV. And be it enacted. That it shall l»e lawful for the Governor of this province t)i» <i.,»mi<if m>vtp.
to nominate and appoint such prson or persons a.s he shall think the most fit r.'—'il^ITrurh^^r"
for the purpose, of arranging and negotiating the mode and terms in and upon <h'i»iriofihu|.i<nrirte.
which such new loan or stock may be most advantageously raised or created,

and to advance and pay to the person or persons so employed such sums of
money as shall be reasonable and necessary to defirny the expenses attending his Kip-me..
or their employment ; and that such |>er8on or persons (subjirt to instructions
to Ikj from time to time given to him or them by the Governor of this province), •""*"*■
shall have full power and authority to negotiate on behalf of this province, in
such form and manner as shall be rendered necessary by any such Act or Acts to
be passed by the Parliament of Great Britain and Ireland, or as shall Ix; directed
and approved by Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for the Colonies for
the time being.

V. And be it enacted, That it shall and may be lawful for the Governor of this Ooreroor nujr jny ««
province, out of the monies to be raised by any such new stock or loan, to direct

and order the payment in full of all and every the public debentures of the late
provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, or of either of them, which ore now due,
or which may hereafter be lawfully called in for the payment thereof, or which
shall become due and payable, together with all interest due or to become duo
thereupon.

VI. And be it enacted, That it shall and maybe lawful for tho Governor of .,rn-.!.rm<w>«niui»»
this province to authorize and direct the redemption of any «lebenture or debentures "'"' m"*"*" •"•»•
of either of the said late provinces, out of the monies so to be raised, as aforesaid,

at such rates and upon such terms and conditions as shall and may be agreed u])on
with the holder or holders thereof: Provided always, that in no case shall any
greater sum than is expressed in any such debenture, together with the interest due , ,

and unpaid, be paid for the redemption of the same.
595- A3 VII. And

RmmIu* of loan fn }>^
ii^prit|irMllr>l •< l.ry !>■

Uiuif iLaII tlirtct.

rnirrrili of Itttn to be
accuuLtcd Uh.

6 I'Ai'tits iu;f,atin<j to

VII. AikI Ix' It iMiMtoo. Tliat ull cxfcuior., ii<lniini"triitors, jriianliniis, tnistot-s,

tutors nmit-.r^. an.l all r\ir;ii<.r-. i.ri iiiiilt<<-< "ttli.- tstatt's ol i.liots aii.l luimticti,

or !il.M-i)t.-.".. ulin -liall us Mill. Imvc th.- .-iistoily <>r routrol <.f or ov.-r any wicli
»1<-lK-ntiir.-!4 in lliis |ir«\inc<-. iiiuy ii:rr«<' l"r llu' red. iiipfii.n tluTtof, aucl ri-cfi\»' tlio
Minis of niont-v to Im- n-s|Mrtivily jmid tli.Titor. ami -liiill ln>l-l an<l Ik," accoiiiitalilo
for surli HUMS »< flicy shM r.siMTtivcly r.'<-<iv.' for any sm-li <li-lK-ntur.>, ii|M.n,
with, mull r ami siilijiVt to thf s'lnio ns<>M, fruits, powi-rs, comlitions mi<l ])iir|i(.s(>s
an Hiicli tlcl.entun-s wore siil.jcct or liabli- to, \vli< ii in tlii-ir possession, custody or
control.

VIII. And In- it iimctcd, That fliorcsidiiwof tlicmoi.iiMSRo to bo numul asaforu-
said, alter iciliiii|itiipn of sui-Ii dflx-nliiri's, siiall Ik- paid to and rt-'inain in tlio
hands of tlio ll<(Tiv(T-;:(iui-al of tlii.s i)rovii!Cf, Miiiji-cl to siii'ii (li.spos'ii and
n|>propriation as the L* {•i-laturc may, from time to time, by an Act or Acts direct
and appoint.

IX. And be it enacted. That all lnolli(■^< t<t Iw raised b'- smli loan or stock, as
afonsaiil. shall be accounted for to Her iMaJesty, Her heirs and successors, tlirougU
the i-ords Coinniissii.M'rs of Her Majesty's Tn-asury, in such manner anil form as
Her Mttjcbty, Her heirs and successors, si.ail be graciously plcobcd to direct.

(No. 38.)

4 At & Vict. Cap. xxxvm.

;i 4

Prrunlilt.

Tlir Oriliiumrr of
Lower Caiiiola, 2 \ ict.
CHji. 04, it|M'alttt.

Anil tlio Oiilininrp nf
I.imiT Cmiaila, 4 Vict,
•sp. 3(4. ri>|ifK!i.-d.

rontracts \r. riitrrcil
into Ijy till' Hoar'l uf
M'orkN lilt I.imrr ( atinila,
ami rifjlita acijuiriil iiinlrr
thr Oriliiiatiri' n'lH'ali'il,
to mnain vaiiil. nnil the
Boatil iifWiiiki. rni^li-
tultnl unilrr tliii Avt tii
be with ityanl to micIi
riintrarta, riplit.i. &f.
liuli«titiitpd fur the Iloanl
of Wiirki for Luwer
Cauaila.

A lloaril uf Woiks to
be eatablithetl for the
provioce.

T'l have such |»(mpr« a«
art (.K[ire«.|y j;iven it
auii uu othci-t.

AN ACT to repeal certain Ordinances therein mentionctj. and to cstablisli
a Board of Works in this Province.— (17 Aufrust 1811.)

WiiEHKAsitis exjiedient to repeal two certain Ordinances hereinafter mentioned,
and to establish a Hoard of Works in and for this jtrovince; Be it therefon;
enacted liy tlie Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice .und
consent of tlie Li'ji;islative Council and of the Len:islativo Assembly of the province
of Canada, constituteil and assembled by virtue of and untler the authority of an
Act passeil ill the I'arliameiit of the United Kin-jdom of Great Britain anil Ireland,
intituled, " An Act to re-iiiiiti' the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for
the Oovcrnment of Canada." and it is hen*' /v enacted by the authority of the same,
that a certain Onliiiance of the Lejjislaturc- of the late Province of Lower Canada,
passed in the second year of Her Majesty's reijjn, and intituled, "An Ordinancu
to establish a Board of Works in this I'rovince ," and a certain other Ordinance of
the saitl Ijejjishiture, passeil in the fourth year of Her Majesty's reijjn, and intituled,
"An Ordinance to amend and render permanent the Ordinance e.stablisliiiijf
a Board of ^\'orks in this Province," shall be and the said Ordinances are hereby
repealed.

TL Provided always, and be it enacteil. That all contracts and agreements made
and enteied into by the Board of Works heretofore established and subsisting
under the authority of the said Ordinances, and all rights, titles, interests or obli-
gations, by till- saitl Board of Works, or by ."iny person or |nirty whatsoever, acquired,
heltl or contracted untler the authority of the saitl Ordinances, or either of them,
and all matters and things ilono or |)erforined by the saiil Boanl of Wmks, or by
any )K'rsoii or party under the saitl authority, shall subsist and continue to be gooil
and valiil, ami in full forc^ ..ml etlect, to all intents ami purpi.»ses, as if this Act
hail not been jiassetl ; and the Board of Works ti> be established uiitlei the
authority of tliis Act shall, with regard to all such contKu-ts, agreements, rights,
titles, interests, obligations, mattei-s and things, be substituted for the Board of
Works established under the authority of the Ordinances aforesaid.

HI. Anil be it enacted. That there shall be in ami for this province a Bt>ard of
Works for the superintendence, management .and control of public works therein,
which saitl lioard of Works shall consist of such antl so many persons, not exceed-
ing five ill number, as the Governor, Lii>uteiiaiit-govenior, or person atlministering
the (iovermiieiit of this province shall from time to time app<Miit to be members
of the saitl Boanl, one of whom shall be aiipoiuted to be Chiiii-niaii ; antl the saitl
Board slmll have such pow<rs, authority and capacities as are pro\ided by this

Act,

•>mmmii

I'UmJC WORKS (CANADA).

.io

Alt, or muT hcn'iiftcr !><• |ir<jvi<Ii<l bv any Act uf tliu Iv<-j,M«ilatun' of this provinro, '

and m> otln i-s.

IV. Anil )>>• it enacted, Tliat a fit and proper |K>rNon mIiaII l)u ,ipp<iinte<l, in the .\ s^ntuytobrtf.
manner afon-siid, to lie Secretary nftlie »:iid IJo.ird, and that tlie (inx-rnor, liiente- i-"n''<it>ii>.i.„»rtn<.t
ii:int-;;iivernor, nr perhon adniiiiisterin^r the (invernnieiit.inay reniuM' tlie nieiulM'rs >!,„(,„ ,„.i s^Trury
of the Slid IJoard, nr the said Secretary, or any of them, and appoint othem iu '" ' ' 'i"" "•><■"

t I III 1* I I 1 1 I (luricc uirwun.

their !<tt'ail, or rein-tate tlio.»e m» renioved, when and so ollen as ho shall deem it
expedient.

V. And he it enacted, Tliat tlie Chairman and tlu* Secretary of tho said Board ni«innm« .nJs«Tt.
iiliall respectively receive a yearly salary, and their actiuil ilishurMenients and "7,:'"^^'°""*'
travelling expenses when away from their n^ual place of residence on the Ijuxi-

ness of tlie Board, and shall devote their whole time to the hnsiness of their

respective ottices, and sliall nut exorcise any other profession or callinfr while they

shall respectively hold the said otlices; and the memlK'rs of the Hoard, otlu-r oiiiMMfmhrmeiw

than the Chainnan. shall receivi' their acftial dislmrsements and travi'llinjj ex-

jHiises when away from their several places of reshlenee on the business of the

Board.

■IKitrnl (hrir ftrtuat dii-
bunrUinU only.

Iloatil i>r WiirVa to }<r
% ImnIv r»r)xir«li', Biul
t(i liAVi- the u«u«l |K>vifr«
u( rurjwi&U IhkIici.

Office ainl mivtlnf; of
till' Itiijird whric tu be
kept anil hciU.

What Khill be dmnni
■ctA uf the Corporaiiim.

Dutin of the Boui.

VI. And he it enacted, Tliat the Ciiairinan and Meml>ers of the said Board for
the time heinjr shall he a body politic ai'd corporate, hy the name of "The Boanl
of Works," and may hy that name sue and he sued, and may have a common
seal, and alter it at plea«.iire, and may hold real jiroperty, and shall jjenerally have
all the jiowers and capacities which hodii's politic and corporate liavt' by law.

VII. And bo it enacted. That the office of the said Boanl shall be at such place
as the Governor, Lieutenant -provernor, or persim administerinfr tlie (ioveniment
shall appiunt for that |iurpose, and shall be the lejral office of the Corporation ;
and the Board shall meet then-.., or at such other place as the (Jovemor, Lieu-
tenant-n;overnor, or person adniinisterin;!: the (jovernment shall appoint, at such
times as ho may direct, and at any time to which it may have adjourned at any
j)revious meetinj^.

VIII. And be it enacted. That the Uuiinuan for the time beinnr shall be the
leg;vl organ of the Corporation, and all writings and documents signed hy him and
sealed with the seal of the Coriioratiou, and no others, shall be held to'be acts of
tiio Corporation.

IX. And be it enacted, That it shall he the duty of the said Board to examine
ami report upon all matters which may be referred to it by the (ioveriior. Lieu-
tenant-governor, or person administering the Government, connected with the
objects for the promotion of which it is con^tituti-d, as aforesaii.'. and to obtain all
such evidence and infornijition. jilans, estimates, drawings, or siH^cifications, and
to cause such surveys, visits and examinations to be made, and genemlly to do all
such things as may Ikj necessary to I'liable it to make such rej)ort in the manner
best adapted to advance the i)ublic good: Provided always, Tliat no expense shall
be incurred or authorized by the Board with regard to any matter so referred,
imless with the sanction .iiul approval of the Governor, Lieutenant-governor or
person administering the (iovernment. •

X. And be it enacted, Tliat the said Board may suggest to the Governor,
Lieutenant-governor, or person administering the (Jovernment of this province,
any jiublic works or improvements therein, which it may aijjiear to the Board
could be undertaken with .-idvaiitage to the province ; but shall incur no exjK;n8e
relative to the obji'ct t)f such suggestion, unless with tin? sanction and approval of approv»i,
the Ciovernor, Lieutenant-governor, or jterson administering the Goveimnent as . .
aforesaid.

XI. And be it further enacted. That all apjilioations for any grant of public »i,tt,.r, which .haii he
money for any of the objects for the superintendence of which the said Board is 'fiirrej to ihc iiooni.
coiistitutecl, as aforesaid, which the (;overiior. Lieutenant-governor or jierson
adiuinisteriiig the (Iovernment shall think may he undertaken with advantage

to the public, or any matter connected with such object which he niav himself
suggest, shall be referred to the said Board, which shall report thereon in the
manner and under the ])rovisions aforesaid.

ExiM-UM"! not to he
infill rnl !iy the HuarH
nitliniit the n|i|irovul of
the Governor.

Bonrit may ifiinte«t
improvementa rft.itire
to pubhc worka; hut
.hiiM incur no exjieiiM
tiuM-hinu the aaine
without the Ciovernor'a

r>v5'

A I

XII. And

3»

I-:*!

I*ub4w Hutkt.

Ptovito.

What |M»Ui« mofiM

»liall W rip»n>1f<d iinrWr
itir ntolpil uhI aiiprr-

Sue)* moniw wrt to lie
tiprmlMl unhl •her
iht lifriiril iluitl tiare
rrpitrtnl ud the nitwit
(if ri|ipn<litiirr, iimI thi*
rrpiiTl •k«ll br tpproTcd
by thf Oo»erDor.

I PAPERS RELATING TO

XIT. And >>o it ennrt(Hl, Tlmt the Paid Ik«inl cliall in liko manner report on
ai.v nforvucr wliich Miat »m- nia<U- to it. with reffard to tlic tolln and <lutifs to Iw
cdU'ctt'd on or for the uw of anv puidic work»<; and may iiiako snoti rc;rnIations
for th« uw of any public work of any kind, vested in the Board, <.r iiiKi.r its
control, BH Hhall not U' inconwHtent with the law, or with the puq)os.s of sueli
work ; but hucIi n»>r»datioim Hhall impose no fine, unless the power of imposing
nicli «ne shall »»e given to the Boanl by some law relating to such work.

XIII. And lie it enacted, Tliat no sum of public money, now appropriate<l or
to »>e henaft«-r appropriated for any public work, of the nature of those for the
8Up«'rintendence of which the said IJoanl is constituteci, as aforesaid, and the ex-
penfliturc of which is n«.t by law direcU'd to Iw made, under the control of, or
by any certain jK-rson or |K-r8ons, or officer, or body cor|>onite, shall be expended,
except under tim control and superintendence of the said Board.

XIV. Provided always, and be it enactwl, Tliat no part of any sum so nppro-
priati'<l shall Ik- expended or advanced until the said Board shall have reporteil
to the (Jovernor, Lieutenant-governor or jterson administering the Government, in
detail, the mode in which it is proposecl toexiwrnl the same, nor until such report
shall havi' In-en apjtroved by him ; nor shall any contract be entered into by the
said Board for the performance of any work, except good and sufficient security,
to the satisfaction of the Board, and of the Governor, Lieutenant-govenior or
person administering the Government, bo given for the performance of the con-
tract, within a time to be specified in the contract.

XV. And be it enacted, That no contract shall Imj entered into, or any money
ex|)eiMled on any work for which any public money shall have been or shall be
ai)propriated, ludess it shall appear that the work can bo completed, according to
the intention of the Legislature, for the sum appropriated for it ; excepting always
such preliminary exjtenses as shall be necessary to ascertain whether it can or
cannot be so completed.

XVI. And Ix! it enacted, Tliat the said Board shall (with the approval of the
Gi>vernor, Lieutenant-governor or person administering the Government, as afore-
said) employ for the accomplishment of the objects for which it is constituted,
such and so many engineers, surveyors, architects, clerks, draughtsmen, superin-
tendents and other persons as may be necessary, and allow and pay them a fair
and adequate com|)ensation, not exceeding the usual allowances, salary or pay
allowed to such j)ersons res[>ectively by other persons.

XVII. And be it enacted. That all public works which are not or shall nc*, here-
after be 8|)ecially vested in other persons, bodies or officers, shall be and arc
hereby vested in the said Board of Works, and placed under its superintendence,
management and control, exce))ting always, that the tolls, revenue or income
derived from any public work shall be or continue to l)o received, and accounted
for by the persons appointed or to be appointed for that purpose ; but the amount
of such tolls and the expenses of collecting them, and all such other information
as the Board may require from time to time, shall be reported and furnished to it
by such persons on the requisition of the Secretary or Chairman.

XVIII. And be it enacted, Tliat it shall be lawful for the said Board of Works,
their engineers, agents, servants and workmen, to enter into and upon any and all
landis and grounds to whomsoever belonging, and to survey and take levels of
the same or of any part thereof, for any or all of the purjioses and objects for
which the said Board is so constituted, as aforesaid, and in and for the execution
of the said purposes, and for the attainment of the said objects or any of them, to
set out and ascertain such parts of any such lands and grounds, as the said Board
shall deem necessary or proper, making compensation for all damages which
shall be sustained by the owner or occupier of such land or ground, such compen-
sation being ascertained by arbitration in the manner hereinafter provided, in case
the said Board and the party to whom compensation is to be made shall not agree
as to the amount thereof.

V"' '?l!',T'"T" *" ^'^- -^"^ ^ '* enacted. That the said Board shall have power to acquire and

ItVe «iiii hnlil iral pro- iliiitiiii a i.. •

i.rty lor Public Works. "^*^» ^" sucli laiid and real property of any description as may be necessary or

useful for the performance of any work directed or to be hereafter directed by the

Legislature, and may for tliat purpose contract and agree with all persons, bodies

► corporate

No pnMif woik tn
U- rnmnirnml. unW««
H Mil \ie roinplctwl for
t)i« autn ippruptiat«d
for it.

TIm Dnkrd, witli the
approval of thp (jovfr>
nor, iiiiv t>mptoy and
pay Enginrvrs Sur-
nyoni, inc.

All public works not
»))rcially vestixl in other
penoiu ulull be vetted
in the Board.

The Hoard, or their
Kiiginevn, \v. may
enter upon pioiierty for
tliu pur|MMe of taking
iwa^urvowntt, Aic.

Mukinf compensation
for any damage thi-y
■lay occatiun.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

r>n»'a awtMt Mkar-
WMm MftU* to — »<)!
mmfft^y may e— Tiy to
lkaBn<4.

Wkw<t«llMi4Hrilk«

miaafcr Um [ lui il H
or duMfW. iHii «■■•

uuad bf wbitiMMa.

Bui th* Baud my
nlcr •• wch |i i u pM l] r
ftftcr aMkiiif i

Mod* ol ■ffmnliag
•riiilnlon.

Amtd I* W mti»
witUm a nruia tiaw.

Boud MM* tadw Um
win awmtdcd.

CwMofirkitnttM.

coqjortU^ i^tAnluuu, tuton, cunUora and tnstees, whataoever, not only for and on
behalf of thenuelTes, tbuir heirs, lUcceRson and aasigna, but aim for and on
behalf of those whom they shall rcpreaent, whether infants, {minor children)
abaentees, lunatics, idiots, femmes covert or other permns otherwise incapable
of contracting, who are or shall bo possessed of or interested in such property ; and
all such contracts and agreements, and all conveyances or other instruments nuule
in pursuance thereof, sliall be valid and eflectual in law to all intents and pur-
poaes whatsoever.

XX. And be it enacted, That whenever thn owner, or person so representing as
aforesaid the owner, of any such land or real property, shiJl refuse to agree for the
■ale and conveyance thereof, it shall be lawful for the said Board of Works to
make a legal tender to him or her of the probable and reasonable value of such
land or real pro|N;rty, with a notification that the said Board of Works will sub-
mit the settlement of the value thereof to arbitration ; and upon such tender and
notification having been so made, it shall be lawful for the said Board of Works
to enter upon and take pnsscAtion of the land and real pro|)orty to which such
tender shall relate: Provided always. That the said Board of Works shall, within
three days after so taking possession, name an arbitrator, and the owner or
person representing the owner of the land or real property so taken possession of
shall, within three days from such nomination also name an arbitrator, and the
two arbitrators so named shall, before proceeding, name a third arbitrator ; and
the said three arbitrators shall inquire of, and they or any two of them shall
award and adjudge u|N)n the value of such lands and real property, and shall
signify their award and judgment to the parties interested, within a period not
exceeding ten days next after the appointment of the said third arbitrator ; and
the said Board of Works shall, upon the signification nf any such award and judg-
ment, forthwith tender to the owner or person repn'senting the owner of such
land or real pro))erty, the sum so demanded and adjudged ; and if the same exireed
the sum originally tendered, the Board of Works shall pay the costs of arbitration,
but if not, the costs shall be paid by the jierson so refusing the tender made
by the said Board as aforesaid.

XXI. And be it enacted. That any award made under this Act concerning land
or real property situate in that part of this province formerly called Upper
Canada, shall be subject to be set aside on application to the Court of Queen's
Bench, in the same manner and on the same grounds, as in ordinary cases of
submission to arbitration by the parties ; in which case a reference may be again
had to arbitrators as hereinbefore provided ; and any award made under this Act,
concerning land or real property situate in that part of the province formerly
called Lower Canada, shall be liable to be set aside at the instance of any party
interested by the judgment of any court of competent jurisiiiction, in that part of
the said province, if the court shall be of opinion that injustice has been done by
the award to the party complaining, and the value to be paid by the Board for such
land or real property shall in such case be finally determined by the judgment of
such court : Provided always. That no such aM-ard shall be set aside in any case
unless the application to the court shall be made within one year from the
date of such award.

XXII. And be enacted. That if the said Board shall neglect in anjr vray to Pwtjr
comply with any of the requirements of this Act touching the appointment of an ^
arbitrator, or if no award shall be made within the period hereinbefore pr-scribed
for making the same, then the party to whom the compensation is due ^-^ dl h we
an action against the Board for the amount of such compensation, which shall hen ■'■"•H.
be ascertained, as to law may appertain, saving the right of the Board to plead
any tender made of the amount of such compensation : Provided alwa «. That Pmin.
nothing hertoin contained shall prevent the parties from agreeing to the ext> ision

of the period for making any such award, and such peri(^ shall in any such case
be extended accordingly for all the purposes of this Act.

XXIII. And be it enacted, That the arbitrators so appointed as aforesaid shall ArMtn'DnMjtnwM
have power to examine any person upon oath touching the value of the property, m'^'SZ^^i^
or the amotmt of any compensation which they shall be required to ascertain, and •"«».

they or any one of them may administer such oath ; and the said arbitrators shall
themselvea be sworn to the doe performance of their duties before some Judge or
Justice of the Peace, before they shall proceed to perform such duties.
J 59.5. B XXIV. And

Amrdt Badt ■■<
WM, Imw liaUi to bt
«t aitde.

Aadifi
EMt.

Liautatiaa af tiaw
wilbia vbidi aar unit
•ban bt liibk to ki M

nudeirilUalhaliaM

PAI'EHS IlKr.ATIN(; TO

.W tUmt4.

RvfMrtA

141

TiBVrilMf.

fl^M-nl dttlirv

Pnnrtio.

I1>a^ Domfflrntt, In*
rirumrntA, Ar., rrlntiv
to I'nUtir Wnrk", tu Im'
drliiTrrd (<> thr lluanl.

notnl mir rfqttirr thr
■ttriulAUrr uf |)cr<tot)ii
nhnin it nw)' tie m|iiiiiitr
lo vXBmior touching ktiy
PubUc Wurk.

r«iftlty OR permnii
refusing Kt to nttviid.

Hoaril may r^ijulrp
acrounto to be itworn to;
any Member may ad*
Biioiitcr thj nath.

Faliw Kwcftring to \h'
perjury.

WarraDta for money
•ppn)prtate<l for I'lililir
M'orka undet thr llnard
not lo i««ue excrpt on
certirteate of the Chair-

Certtin lum m.iy be
advanced to thr Secre-
tary to meet the din-
burtcincnta of the Uuard.

AccnuntH nf mnnier ex-

Epiided under the Act,
ow to be rendered.

XXfV. An«l bo it rnnrtpd. Tlinf it shnll Ik« tlip<hity of tlio SrrmtJiry of thf'M»i<l
Boanl (^witli Hiicli nK«-i-<ta!irc ilh may U- fi.mnl inn-xsarv) to k(|pp n •*««|(anito ac--
•vrtint «tf tlic nioiiii'H a|»|tn>|irint('<! for and «'X|Kri(lt'(l on carh pnlilic work ; lo have
clmrjfo of anil k«t'|» all |>lnnfi. rontractn. ontimatcs anti <loonmc»its. miKlols or ntlior
tliinffH n-lntivc to any xnrli work ; to kt-cp ropular arronnti* with oacli contractor
or other |NT«on cniiiloycd l»y tlif IloanI ; to s<f that all contracts ma«lo with the
Hoard arc |iro|H-rly made and itn-jiarrd ; to draw out all certificates «|win which
any warrant is to isKiic, as lurcinafti-r mentioned ; to prepare all reports to 1h«
sul'imitU'd to till- Board for its adoption, and to receiv*- and answer, acconlinjj to
the instructions he may receive from the BoanI, all letters to or from memlM-rs of
the lioanl, or other |H'rHons on the hnsinetw thereof: to notify the memlK-rs of all
meefin;,'s of the Board which may Ik- calli-fl at any time, other than that to which
the BoanI chall have adjoiinied at its then last meetinjj ; to keep minutes of its
pro<-e«-<lin^ at all mr-etinffs ; antI to pro<'eetl to any place at which any pnldic
work may Ik* undertaken, if dinn-ted to do so liy the Board ; to have the ^'iieral
su|)crintendence of all other matters which he n ay he instructed to superintiMid hy
tli«.' Board; and jjenerally to do all ministerial acts connected with the husiness of
the Board, whi<-h it may din^ct him to do, or which may devolve upon him, hy n
fair construction of the meaning and intent of this Act. in all cases not expressly
provided for: I'rovided always That it shall Ir- lawful for the (Jovernor, iJeutcn-
ant-Govenior or |H'p«>ii administerinjr the (jloveniniont to require any jK-rson or
persons, whoms(K'Ver, liavinjj in their jwssession any instruments, ])lans, papers,
imoks, drawings, models, estimates or documents relative to any public work,
and iN-hmging to the province, to deliver the same to the Chainnan of the said
Board, and also from time to time to place in his charge and keeping, for the uses
of the Board, any instrunu'uts, books, drawings, models or docunu-nts relative to
the objtrts for which the said Board is constituted, which may be the property of
tho province, ami required for the Iwtter attainment of the objects of the Board.

XXV*. And be it enacted, Tliat tho said Board shall have power to send for
aiul examine on oath nil such |)ersons as it shall deem necessary to examine touch-
ing any nuitter referred to the Board, as aforesaid, and to cause such persons to
bring with them such papers, dr)cuuients and things, as it may be necessary to
examine with reference to such matter ; an<l to pay such persons a reasonable ccmi-
|H'nsation for their time and disbursements ; and such persons shall be bound to
attend at the summons »f tho said Board, after due notice, under jienalty of such
damages as may be awarded in favor of the said Board, as the loss tho public may
have sustained by tho non-attendance of such person, in an action to bo brought by
the Board in that behalf.

XXVI. And be it cnncted, Tliat the Board may require any account sent in by
any contractor or any person in its employ to bo attested on oath, which oath, as
well as the oath to be taken by any witness, tho Secretary or any member of the
BoanI may administer ; and any false statement wilfully made under any such
oath, or in any case whore an oath is required or authorized by this Act, shidl be
jwrjury.

XXV^II. Aiul bo it enacted, That no warrant shall be issued for any sum of tho
public money ai»propriated for any ]mblic work under tho superintendence o«' the
said Board, except on the certificate of the Chairman, sealed with the seal of the
said Board, that such sum ought to be paid to the jjorson or persons named in tho
certificate in whose favor a wan-ant may be issued accordingly.

XXVIII. Provided always, and be it enacted. That it shall be lawful for the
BoanI from time to time to grant such certificates, in favour of their Secretary, for
such sums as may be necessary to meet any disbursements allowed to him or the
members of the Board when on duty, or which tho Board may order to be made
immediately by tho Secretary, in any report appn>vod by the Governor, Lieu-
tenant-governor or person administering the Government ; but the sum which shall
at any one time bo in the hands of tho said Secretary shall in no case exceed Five
hundred pounds currency.

XXIX. And be it enacted. That tho said Secretary shall make up detailed
accounts of tho expenditure of all monies advancod or paid under certificates of
the said BoanI, showing the sum appro|)riated for each public work, the sum so
|)aid or advanced, and the balance, if any, remaining unexpended, and in whose
hands : and each such account shall bo accompanied by vouchors, corresponding

with

I'lBLIC WORKS CANADAi.

with the nuK^Jierinp of the itrmo of siirh arcoMiit, ami shall l>o nmilc ii|> to and
rlowii on till" firnt il-iy of Janunrv ntul tlio fin-t day of Jidy in ciudi year, and
shnll Ih- att«'>»t»««l iK'fun- mmmo Judj:*- of tin- Conrt of Kin^r's li<ncii or of tjic I'lmrt
of Quot-n's Ik'iu'li. or In-fon- Honie .liigtifc of Hie I'racf, and uliall Im- tninNnilMid
to tho oflHriT 'j»hoHt< duty it *lmll Ik* to nrfivo it. within tiltirn days aftor the saiil
jicrio«l» rt«|>t'(TivrIy.

XXX. And Ik- it onartrd. Tliat it shall 1r« the duty of the Chainnan of tlip
said Board of Works to transmit to tln> Kxccutivt- CJuvcnimcnt of this provincf,
to 'to laid In-for." the otlu-r two limnrhcs of tlif Fic;ri>laturc, within liftoi-n days
after tlic o|K'niiijf of thr Si-ssion, a «litailed statcnniit of the sevinil |>uldio works
rarrioil on under the direetion of the Hoard, and of the |ir(i;,'ress mtule in the s'lid
works since tin- jtrevions Si-ssion ot' the Lejtislatnre, and of the amonnt of monies
so far exiM-niled upon tlu'm. res|»eetive!y, tojretlier with all snoh fnrtlier informa-
tion jw the said Chainnan may deem prnper to Ix- submitted for the iiifomiatiim
of the Provincial Parliament.

XXXI. An<l he it enacted, Tliat nothing; in this Act contained shall he taken
or construed to authorize the expenditure of any jfn-ater or further Hum of in<iney
in the jMiyment of the yearly salary of the Chairman and Secretary, or in the
payment (>f their travellij]); expenses*, or in the payment of the actual dislnirse-
mento and travelling exfM'nRes of the other members of the Itoard, than is at
prt'sent |>rovided for by an Act of the Imperial Parliament of (ilreat Britain and
Induiid passed in the third and fourlh yeaii* of the rei;rn of our Sovereijrn Laily
Queen Victoria, intituleil, " An Act to re-unite (Ik* Provinces of IpiKjr and
Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canaila."

XXXIT. And be it enacted. That any Member of the Iiep:islative Assomblv of
tliis province a<'ceptin<j the office of Chainnan or of Secretary of the said Board
of Works, shall thereby vacate his seat as sucli M< iuImt, and shall be iiicapable
of sittinQr or voting in the said Legislative Assend)ly, unless elected to the said
Assembly subsetpient to his acceptance of any such oftice as aforesaid.

XXXIII. An<l be it enacted, That the due a])i)lication of all monies ex|)ended
by, for or under tin' superintendence of the saitl Btiard, shall be accounted for to
Her Majesty, Her heirs and successors, through the Lords Conmiissioners of the
Treasury, in such manner and form as Her Majesty, Her heii-s and successors
shall direct.

XXXIV. And be it enacted. That this Act shall bo deemed and taken to bo
a public Act, and as such sliall be judicially taken notice of by all .Iiulges and
other i)ersons and in all Courts without being specially pleaded.

Duiman tn man
Arinuallv upon tW ttato
"f tS, I'ubl,- Work.,
for iIm* iiilfinnjilHm of

SaUtic. nf Chlinnui
ami .ScrnUry, Itr. , tai
othrr clurnm, nut to
rx<-r«il the appTYiprwliaa
imHrr Imp. Act :t At 4
VIcl.

Any Monhrrof the
Awwmbly liecomti^
Chairtuan ur Srcrvtary
to varatc hii wat, but
iiiiiy lie renrlixtnl.

Dup application of all
Huch inonin to he ac*
i-fMinteil for to Uer
Maj»ity.

Thit Act to be deemed
a I'lililic Act.

(No. 103.)

Vict., Cap. viii.

AN ACT to authorize the raising by way of Loan in England, tho sum of Op ^
million five hundred thousantl pounds sterling, for the construction and coni-
pletion of certain Public Works in Canada.— {12 October 1842.)

WntRKAS by acenain Act, passed in the last Session of tho Provincial Parlia- I'leamWe:
ment of Canada, intituled, " An Act to apjiropriate cerUiin Sums of Money for Aci4 j.ovict.,c. »8,
Public Improvements in this Province, nn«l for other purposes therein mentioned," ""^'
there was granted to Her Majesty, Her heirs and successors, the sum of One
million six hundred and fifty-nine thousand six hundred and eighty-two pounds
sterling, to Iw exjiended and applicfl tinder the charge and superintendence of the
Board of Works of this Province, for the erectitm and «-omiilc: ion of certain Public
Works in tho said Act specified, and which saitl sum ofmone" was to be raised by
Avay of loan in manner provided by the sai<l Act : And whereas in and by an Act
of tho Imi)crial Parliament of Great Britain and Ireland, passed in the la.st Session
of tho said Parliament, intituled, " An Act for guaranteeing the i)ayment of the in.periai Act cited.
Interest tm a Loan of Ono million five hundred thousand pounds, to bo niised by
the Province of Canada," after reciting that Her Majesty was graciously jdeaset
to signify to the Legislative Counsel and Legis-lative Assembly of the Province o:

'>or>-

egis,
B 2

i.f
Cuuada,

£. 1 400,000 of tkt
■OMjr •sprapnalr^ bjr

•fcdl b« raiaed uxkr

Mi4 iMpcriftl Act

fof dM «wha nntiMMil
ia 4 fc ft Viet., e. 14.

MiOMr is wkwh tW
Mi4 MB iM^bt raiMd.

Tk fciieifal, mHrNl,
awl ft MM to form m
liakiaf fuad, ehtrgcd
m tht rmaat af uis
PrariM*.

Smi raidd lo be paid
Ik* RaaciTar-gtiinaL

iMnaal, Vtm paid.

Siakiag had, how

P—ial— t «f fiiiaai

igifuif dfbaatiim,
k*. Ac.

,a PAPERS RELATINO TO

Canada, by a mcange aent to the laid Conncil and Aiaenibly by the Governoiw
geaeni of the wid Frorince, a«:ting for and in the name of Her Miyesty, that Her
Miyeaty waa ready to propose to Parliament, to guarantee a loan which might be
required for public work* in the laid ProTince, under certain rettrictiona therein
referred to, for the repayment of such part of the debt of the said Province aa might
be then redeemable or might be held by creditor* who should declare themaelvea
willing to accept n-asonable terms ; it is enacted. That it shall and may be lawful
for Her Miyesty. Her heirs and succeasors. to guarantee tlie payment of the
dividends and interest, not exceeding the yearly rate of four pounds in the hundred,
on any principal sum or sums of money, not exceeding the sum of One millioh
five hundred thousand pounds in the whole, which shall be raised for all or any
of the purpose's aforesaid, by loan, debenture or otherwise, and which said dividenda
and interest so guaranteed, an* charged and provided for in manner specified in
the said Act : And wlicn'as for carr}-ing into eflTect the said above-mentioned Act
of the Parliament of this Province, and in order that this Province may be moat
fully benttfitwl by Her Migesty's gracious intentions and by the guarantee pro-
vided by the said above-mentioned Act of the Imperial Parliament, it ia considered
expeilient that the guarantee aforesaid shall be made, so far as it will go, applica-
ble to the loan to be raised and the money granted to Her Majesty in and by the
said first mentioned Act , Be it therefore enacted by The Queen's most Excellent
Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Legislative Council and of the
Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, constituted and assembled by
virtue of and under the authority of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and intitule<l, " An Act to re-nnite the
Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Government of Canada," and
it is hereby enacted by the authority of the same. That to the amount '>f the said
sum of One million five hundred thousand pounds, the dividends and interest upon
which are guaranteed as aforesaid, the said sum so granted to Her Miyesty by the
said Act of the Parliament of this Province, for the erection and completion
of the public works in the said Act specified and mentioned, shall be raised
and borrowed upon the said guarantee, and shall be expended in the 'construction
and completion of the said public works, according to law.

II. And be it Enacted, That, notwithstanding any thing contained in the said Act
of the Parliament of this Province, the said sum of One million five hundred
thousand pounds, shall be raised and borrowed, with the guarantee aforesaid, by
any person or persons appointed in that behalf by Her Miyesty, Her heirs aqd
successors, or by the Governor of this Province, by loan, debentures or otherwise,
and the principal sum so raised, the dividend and interest thereupon, and a sinking
fund for the payment of the said principal sum, not exceeding five pounds per
cent, per annum, on the said principal sum, shall be, and the same is hereby
charged on the Consolidated Revenue Fund of this Province, next after the
charges now made thereon by law.

HI. And be it Enacted, That the principal sum so to be raised and borrowed,
shall be received from time to time, as the same shall be raised by the Receiver-
general of this Province, who shall upon the warrants of the Governor of this
Province, pay the dividends and interest thereupon, as the same shall become
due, together with the sums accruing to the said sinking fund ; and the said
sinking fund shall be paid and managed for the redemption and payment of
the said principal sum, in such manner as shall be agreed upon and negociated
when the said principal sum shall be raised, or if there shall be no agreement in
that behalf, then in such manner as the Governor of this Province, by and vrith
the advice of the Executive Council thereof, shall from time to time direct and
^>point.

IV. And be it Enacted, That if any person or persons shall forge or counteriieit
any debenture or other security issued under the authority of this Act, or any
stamp, indorsement, or writing thereon or therein, or shall demand to have
such counterfeit debenture or other security, or any debenture or other security
with such counterfeited writing or other indorsement thereon or therein, to be
exchanged for money by any person or persons who shall be obliged or required
to exchange the same, or by any other person or persons whomsoever, knowing
the debenture or other security so tendered, or the indorsement or writing
thereon or therein, to be so forged or counterfeited, with intent to defraud Her

Majesty,

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

•3

AtcMBIa M t* ktl
tufcrntofliiawi by
dw Ih ni i i i ! ■— il <<

Mmieatj, Her heii* or micrrflimrH, or the penon appointed to paj off the tame, or
any of them, or any other penon or persons, body or bodies, politic or enrporata,
then cTcry person so offending, being thereof lawfully convicted, shall be adjudged
guilty of felony, and shall suffer such punishment as shall be a«^udge<l in that
behalf; not exceeding imprisonment at hard labour for life in the provincial
penitentiary.

V. And be it Enacted, Tliat the Receiver-general of this Province for the time
being, shall, before each Session of the Parliament of this Province, transmit to
the Governor of this Province, a correct and detailed statement and account of — ,
the sums raised under the authority of this Act, and of the debentures or other *'^
securities which shall have been issued, and of the dividends and interest paid
thereon, and of the sinking ftind, and of the rctlemption of the whole or any part

of the said principal sum, by means of the said sinking fund or otherwise, and of
the expenses attending the ne^^iation, management, payment, and redemption of
the said loan.

VI. And be it Enacted, Tliat the due application of the monies so to be raised dm niptMaiiM «(
shall be accounted for to Her Miyesty, Her heirs and successors, through the Lorda J^^ Jj,
Commissioners of Her Msgest/s Treasury, in such manner and form as Her M^esty, '~°"

Her heirs and successors shall be graciously pleased •« direct.

VII. And be it Enacted, That the words " Governor of this Province," wherever w«rf
the same occur in this Act, shall be construed to meun the Governor, Lieutenant
governor, or person administering the government of this Province.

CORRESPONDENCE.

- — Nal.—
(No. 131.)

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lieutenant-Governor Sir G. Arthur, to the
Marquis of .A^ormanAy.

My Lord, Government House, Toronto. 8 June 1839. j^q^ |

With reference to the Bills transmitted to your Lordship with my despatch, sir Geo. Arthur to
No. 108, of the 14th of May, particularized in the accompanying Schedule tbcMarquifof
marked (A.), having for their object the raising money to carry on this govern- Normsnby,
ment, and to continue and perfect some of the public works undertaken in the ' ■*""• '*^'"
Province, I have now the honour to submit the following remarks.

2. In my despatch of the 20th November last (No. 81), I stated to Lord
Glenelg the probability of the arrival of very serious financial difficulties : I men-
tioned the causes of expenditure generally, as well as the occurrences which occa-
sioned a sudden check to the public credit, and which threatened to cause the
most serious evils, unless some means could be devised to place the financial con-
cerns of this Province upon a satisfiictory and permanent footing.

3. I have since met the Provincial Parliament, and your Lordship is in posses-
non of the speech with which I opened the session.

4. It was not in the power of the House of Assembly to do more than adopt
temporary measures, and those which passed that body, whatever may be their
merits, seemed to me so pregnant with evil, should the expectations of the Assem-
bly on which they were founded be disappointed, that I have felt it my duty to
contend with present inconvenience, and to lay the whole financial question
before Her Miyesty's (lovemment ; and in the mean time to reserve the Bills for
the signffication of Her Majesty's pleasure thereon.

5. The public debt of this Province, which vour Lordship will find stated in
Table (B.), and which involves an expenditure in interest nearly equal to the
whole revenues of the colony, has been occasioned, as your Lordship mil find
noticed in the Earl of Durham's Report, principally by attempts to connect the
magnificent inland waters of the Province with the sea, by means of canals, which,
if completed, wouid open a line of inland navigation scarcely equalled in the
world. These canals were ^apposed not only to promise immense advantages to

595' B 3 the

Fur Sir O. Arthar'i
D«»patrh, ■ o
November 1838,
No. gi , rUt Paptft
nrdcrtd by The
Hoiiteiif CummaM
10 Lz primed, it
July 1 839, No. 347.

I'APEHS FiRLATINCi TO

the tmlii ami ftjn"i«'wll>"'< »f tlu- proviiirc. but :<» olFcr a |)ri)s|Mrt ■.(' ^'irut ihti-o-
KJoii to thu (tublic tiiiaiK'cs.

«. Thi- cxjKTtntion of a ra|M<l niili«iti«ii «if tliCM.' mlvant.ip.x, will at «nrc
rxplnin to your lyirdnhip tlic nwon why tin- ;ini<k'nt ootirw of innkinp a |tn»-
vitiioii for tlu; intrrfnt of Itorrowivl inonoy from fiiiulK itmiiiMliiUily nvailnlilc. uiw
not nilo|>t4il nt rnch <iiuTi'»«>.ivc ndvnnrt- into «l»>lit. The |»rosiic<-tM, it must hv
acknowlcl^etl. wi-rf- suflirit-ntly nlluriii;^; but notliinjj roiiM Iw niorc! plain, timii
tliat a |ioMt|Mineniont of tlu- fonipU-fion of tlif |.ublic works a «li«'a|>|Miintnu'nt im
to tlidr profitabli' rt-sultx, or a itU(.|>fii»«ion of public cn.<iH, niUMt have tliu financial
concrnisof till- pmviiKc i'X|M»M-<l to cmlmrniM'nientH of tlio nioHt sorions natun- ;
in uliorf. that the (iovcrnnunt nnist want jwruiiiary nicanx for ItH support,
or that till- public creditor must forc^rti the interest which ought to ariuc from his
investment.

7. Thcw cniiscH linvp unfortunately co-operatod to produce; the prt'sent difficul-
tlcH. The distrust of llritish i-apitalistd in Auurican wcuritieN generally affected
the provincial credit. Tlii« prevento*! the acijuirement of a suHicient sum to com-
plete the public works ""d, of nect-sNity. prevented their iK'Cominjf profltahle.
The evil has U'eii aj;;rravat(<l by the intinial and frontier troubles of the Pro-
vinces; and the canals haviu;r \)cvi\ coninienued on a scale calculated u|Km tlio
wants and interests of a rapidly increa.>4in^' population, and for an improving com-
merce, Kii immediate ade<|uate return could scarcely be ex|R'cted on those parts of
the line of comnninication actually brought into (tpenition. under circumstances of
a ccmipletc cessation of immigration, and a great connnercial depn'ssion.

H. The Welland Canal, which overcomes thu dirturunco of elevation between
liBkes Ontario and Erie, was commeui' d by a private company with very inade-
quate means. It was originally intendeil for the navigation of ordinary can.-il
boats, but the dimeiihions of the canal were afterwards increased, so iis to allow
of the passage of the sclnmners which com|)ose the Dritish and American ^<ailing
marine of the lakes. This increase of dimensions in the Welland, wsm ex[K'cte<l
to liccome profitable by means of the American western trade on the lakes, even then
important, but which Idvs since increased enormfjusly. Tlie passage of schooners
through the Wellaiul, enables vessels conveying freight from and towanls tho
New York market to substitute, without breaking bulk, above 120 miles of open
lake navigation for the ex]K'nsiivc and teilious navigation of the Erie canal ; of
which, in effect. Oswego, on Lake Ontario, is thus to a certain degree made the
western delwuchure, instead of Buffalo, on Fjakc Erie.

9. The Welland Canal has been so far completed as to be now actually in
operation, as it has been for sv veral years. IJut, partly from wc.nt of judgment,
and partly from want of funds, tho locks have been constructe<l of timlter, and
the work requires a yearly expenditure in repairs more than equal to the whole
receipts for tolls.

10. The private stockholders of the Welland Canal Company have expended
on the work, 117,000/., the British (Jovernment, 73,000/., and Lower Canada,
25,000 /. Besides these sums, 275,000/. have been expended on tho work, which
belong to the public debt of this Province, making a total of 490,000/.

11. By ordt;r of the Assembly, an estimate has lieen made of the sum which
would be required to reconstruct the locks of stone, and render the work perma-
nent ; the amount is estimated at 300,000 /., which, from the reputation of the
engineers, and the knowledge which has now been acquired of all the difficulties
and expenses of the undertaking, T believe to be as nearly correct as suc'.j calcu-
lations can ever be expected to b?.

12. The present expense of repairs on the canal amounts, on an average, to
1 6,000 /. per annuni, the expense of management to 3,000 /. = 19,000 /. But, if
the projected improvement takes place, the whole expense of management and
repairs would not be over 5,000 /. per aimum, which difference of yearly expeudi-
turo would argue in favour of the new expenditure, even if fie necessity of it were
not apparent from the dangei nd inconvenience of continually patching and pre-
serving a decaying work of tho dimensions and importance of this canal.

13. The tolls received upoi the Welland have been steadily on the increase ;
for the year 1838 the tolls and lents of watcr-works amounted to 11,000 /. ; and

since

IM'ni.IC WORKS (( ANADA)

«inrotho nitoninj <if llio ii:i\i;mfi<in tlii« y.-Mr, tin- inrrraxr Im* lioon nlfoprtluT \\u-
|>n'rf<l«iitiMl ; ami it \* cini^iilind ttijjf •_'.">,< if )0 /. |Kr anmuii Hoiihl Ih' n-nliziil wen'
tlif wi>rk iiwili' |Mriimiuiit, iinil iliiit llii* would Ik- itii incniu-injr iiic«iiu)>.

14. Apart from (iil<Milnti(m« of profit, it \h pi*o|Mr to nm ttifr tlu' Wflliiml Canal
•M it ftfltTt!* till- wfily of tin- wi-xtiTii |H>rtioiiH of tin* Province, in row it hIiouIiI
n<4|uiri> an nnm<l ilcfi-nro. or lli<M-tU'ct \Uiirli tlifiUfcnsiliility oftlx Honth-weKtorn
fnintir nmv linvc in tin- pn'M-rvation of pciuHitlilc ri'latitniH with tlio nci^rlilHiurinjf
eountn'. For tliosr pnrposfx I conceive the Wellun<H'aiml to iM>nlMolutely inttis-
|M'nM>liie; nnil it may In- a ijiie'ition vvortliy of serious consideration, whether it
wonlil not 1h' for the interest ' f tlie hu|K'rial Government to take IheMliole work
into its own hamls and niann^rinu tit. in which case it woidd U- neceshary to reilii'ni

I so nnich of the (irovincial deitt as is ii!vo|ve<l in the nnilertukinj;, and to itnn-Inisv
\ the investments of the private stockholder.

15. This measure would ensure the coni|detion of the cnnal. and relieve the Pro-
vince from n considi-rald*' portion of its prest-nt delit. and from the neeetwity of
incurring nroiisiderahle amount in addition; but should it not Im' thought fit to make
the W»'llnnd CaunI a national work, another plan of relief may he adopted hy the
nilvaiuf of n suHiciiMit sun> to complete the canal, and buy out the shares of the
private stockholders. .«,,^^

IG. I should mention here, that since the comniencenteiit of the Wellnn<l Canal,
steam-lxiats have, to a jrreat extent, hut without dis|tlacinjj the sailiujj vessels, U'eii

i employed on the laki*;*. The nundier entrajn'il in the American tnide, centring
at jireseiit ii; lluflTalo, Is very frreat ; ami if the canal were incn-ased in its dimen-
sions so a.s to permit the piissiijre of these vessels into Lake Ontario, it is lMdiev«><l
that the utility and pros)>ect of jirofit of the work wouM he nuiterially advanred,
ns well as its capability of addinj? to the defeneo of the Piovim-e. lint this would

- cause a further oui, 'v of 25(),(KK) /., ami, after the best consideration I can give
the subject, I am not disposed to recommend the measure.

17. Tlio Ui<leau Canal is a <;reat military work, connectin;; Lake Ontario with
the waters of the Ottawa. It was constructed at an expense to the Dritisli
Government of upwards of a million sterlinpr, and its projection was, I am informed,
partly occasioned by the ce»ioii t<» the United .States of IJarnhart's Island in the
^Saillt Lawrence, which li'ft the navijjable channvl of that river within American
territory.

, 18. This canal is a noble work ; it is made of a sizi- to admit the naviiration of

steam-boats of a small class; its utility is, however, contracted for want of suitable
connecting links of canal below its debouchure at llytown, and I)etween that place
and the mouth of the Ott.awa.

19. The Grenvillc Canal, constructed by the British (lovernment. and navigable
only for snwil I boats, occupies one of tlie parts of this line <if navigation, and a
private company own one lock at the rapids of St. Anne, so that the Uideau liiu)
of navigation is imperfect in a most material |iart. The eidargement of the Gren-
villo Canal, and the improvement of the navigation at St. AnneV, ought most
unquestionably to be completed to the sjime size as the Uideau, or that great
Mork cannot become available to its full extent for military or mercantile pur-
]>oses.

20. Were this part of the Ottawa navigation, which is required as adjunct to
the Rideau, complete<l. the steam-boats, which could then ascend the Ottawa from
Laehinc, and jnoceed by means of the Itideau to T^ke Ontario, could descend the
Saint Lawrence, and thus perform a circuit of navigation assiste<l by the stream
of this great ri.ir* this would no doubt increase the utility of the Rideau
navigation immensely, and be sufficient for all the trade of the colony for i:<'iny
years to eonie.

21. The Saint Lawrence Canal, on which so great a proportion of tlie sum of
which the public debt consists has been expended, was intended as a part of ^
chain of inlaid navigation, jtrojected on a scale sufficient to admit the passage of
large steam-boats and sea-going vessels of •> limited draft of water; a portion of
the work is nearly completed, but it cannot be available without the ndtlition of
very exjtensive works on the Saint Lawrence. Iwth in Lower and Uiqter Canada.

595- "4 22. It

PAPERS RFXATING TO

pi I

22. It in maintainoti, and |N>rlia|i)« u|»on good irroiin<K by the fricndu of thi*
uniipiiaking, that it would tend to divi'rt a coiwiderable |tortion of tlin import
trade to the Western 8Cate«. which now pufet through New York to Montreal
and Quebec, and that many of the exporU of the» rtates would find cgrew by the
«ame channel. It in aluo expected that a pmfiuble trade mij^t be opened on the
Canadian lakea, in the way of building nea-going Te»elt, which, being loaded with
•Utm or other produce of Wentem Canada, might proceed by way of the canal to
Quebec, and thence to the Went Indies or to Europe ; and it in ftirther relied
apon. that if thin navigation were arailable, British gpoda would bo extenaiTely
npplied to all the American towns and Tillagi-s borrleringon tho Saint Lawrence,
the Lakea and the " fcr west." These projects, and others, may he quite reason-
able, and their success would unquestionably add greatly to the commercial
prosperity of both Provinces ; but it strik*** me tliat the undi-rtaking was impru-
dent in the state of our finances, an<l the prospect of return too remote to be ven-
tured u|¥«i, without at least a sure provision for the ]>ayment of interest on the
debt ineurrtHl in the construction of the canals, until the profitable |>art of tbo
scheme should bo realised. Moreover, this work is much exposed, and in the
event of war can scarcely bo available for military purposes, and therefore cannot
sufiersode the necessity of the parallel line of navigation on the Rideau. Never-

; theless, it cannot be questioned but that it is a noble undertaking, and ought to

I bo completed.

* 23. I transmit to your Lordship herewith the reports • of the finance committoo
of the Assembly, by which your Lonlsliip will see the opinions of that body
resjwcting the pro8i)ects of return from the public undertakings.

24. I acknowledge that my opinions regarding the perfect safety of the public
ereditor does not so much rest upon the expected return for investments in the
canals, as upon the fact that, as compared with other countries, those colonies are
almost untaxed, and that the whole revenue, if increased, is applicable for purposes
of improvement.

26. The only means which the law leaves open to the local legislature of meeting
the yearly expenditure, arise from internal excise and direct taxation.

26. The duties on imports are levied partly by Imperial and partly by Pro-
vincial Statutes ; and the amount of these duties is at present so small, that I am
satisfied a great part of the existing deficiency might be made up by a judicious
increase on the duties levied at the port of Quebec. The whole share coming to
this Province amounts, at present, to about 45,000 /. per annum ; and if this sum
were even doubled, the burden upon trade would be still inconsiderable as com-
pared with that borne by the American States, and the interest on the whole debt
of the Province, arising from loans for general public purposes, could at once b«
placed upon, and perfectly secured by those duties.

27. Their increase and appropriation for this purpose would immediately form
a basis upon which the credit system of the Province could rest without any fear of
the recurrence of financial embarrassments ; and the addition I have proposed
would allow of an augmentation to the debt sufficient to complete the Welland
Canal and other essential works, and would, it seems to me, offer an opportunity
for consolidation of the debt on such terms as would occasion a considerable reduc-
tion of the amount of interest.

28. This would be very materially facilitated by the guarantee of a new loan on
the part of Her Majesty's Government ; and this loan being secured, os I have
state J, on a revenue leceived at the seaport by oflicers of the Government, would
offer the best counter-securitpr for the guarantee, with the easiest and most certain
way of collecting the revenue.

29. Supposing the assent of Her Majesty's Government to be given, the remain-
ing difficulty in the way has hitherto been the want of a port of entry and clearance
for Upper Canada, and to overeome which the annexation of Montreal has been
warmly advocated ; but if there ore insuperable objections to that measure (and I

* These reports have nut been received.

rUBI.IC WORKS (CANADA). 17

am mire I havp ilaiiy i-xfirrionro that Upper Canada in largo onnu^h alrcadj to
ffovcm with promptitude and cncrfrj), I rannot help thinking that other iwhemM
miglit In' devigi-^l whi-n-hy th«' r«>nim«'rrial n-venuo might lio n>gulat«>4l, without
involving the ooneenw of the Lower I'nuinee.

30. Tlie main |iart of the debt being thus arranged, the expennea of the admi-
niKtrntion of Govoniment, and the part of the loan which eonMiDtH of advances for
pulilic workM of local interest, would remain to lio providtMl for fn>ni internal
rpsourcew. This |M)rtion of the loaiii securetl by the liability of the cominniit)
and their joint pro|H-rty, and by the liability of the diHtricts to local aHsetismuntM,
so that I do not antici|Mite any public burden from thix 8«)un>e.

31. Tlie interest u|)on the general public debt l»oing provided for, as I have
pro|)o»ed, by the duticN on im|K)rtH fn>m the wa, wtmld leave the revenues ariiiing
from tolN upon the gn-at public works available for the pur|H>!H>N of the fiov«'ni-
ment ; and, although they may not furnish an amount in money <-<|ual to the
ex|»enditure in the way of interest occasioned by them, they would form very
material a<lilition8 to the internal revenue, — that interivt being providi-d for else-
where.

32. I am aware that my plan of rharging the interest u|>on the public debtt
against the revenues arising from taxation, d«ies not precisely mei>t the viewfi of the
finance committee of the Assembly, as your Lordship will |HTceive by their Re|K»rt8.
They still odhere to the opinion that the public works, if complete<l, wouhl pay for
themselves; this pro])osition I do not pretend to controvert, and if they l>e right,
so much the letter ; my objection to it arises from the fact that it involves the
principle of paying interest out of the capital sum borrowed, in the anticipation of
futurf> revenue ; and I apprehend that those who would have to advance the money
would have serious objections to the plan.

33. It also involves the opportunity, resting in the Colonial Legislature, of
increasing the public debt indefinitely, and by this means jeopardizing the
interests of the public creditor, whose great security ought to bt» that the funds
iifton which he rests should not be alienated or diverted until his debt is dis-
charged.

34. The system of borrowing money in this manner has been deprecated by
Messrs. Baring, Brothers, & Co., the principal negociators of ITpper Canada
deljentures in London. They properly claim to be made ac(|uainted with all new
loans, and to have an opportunity of passing their judgment upon the means pro-
posed of meeting the interest.

35. I am not aware of any other manner of producing this result satisfactorily,
and of oflering tangible security to the old and new public creditor, than that of
limiting the loans to be negociated to the power of the Province to meet the yearly
interest from funds capable of being immediately realized.

36. If Her Majesty's Government should assist the province by a guarantee, or
by a representation from authority, that this prudent system should for the future
be pursued, it would have the best reasons for insisting upon its plan being con-
sistently followed in the colony ; and, it seems to me, that the honour of the
empire, and the peace and prosperit/ of the Province, are so intimately connected
with the observance of faith to the public creditor, that those points cannot with
prudence be left to the discretion of the borrowiiig colony ; which, impelled by
the best motives of public good, and with the purpose of hastening the arrival of
a period of great public prosperity, may, unconsciously, overlook the financial
difficulties which a failure or postponement of the result of their sanguine expect-
ations must inevitably produce.

37. It is painful to me to be obliged to represent to Her Majesty's Govern-
ment the necessity of some interference to relieve the colony from its difficulties.
I should not do so were there any means of j)rocuring relief from internal opera-
tions, or were the evils to arise from the present state of aiTairs less serious, or
inevitable.

38. The greatest mischief and inconvenience is now felt in the Province from the
. want of means to continue and perfect the internal communications of which the
J 595. C benefits

? ...

M»

PAI'KIIS |{HI.ATIN(i TO

No. 1.

brncfiu iirr rommpfirint; to \n'mM\h\j felt. The |i.hi|iI.' imtiirally 1....;. to (!«•
i Govtmnirnt to .liviw wrnjn ami imnnii for thoir local work* ; and iii«livi.luul». imii-
' not readily •«• tho >r<n<r«l 'liffirulti.'H »liirh iiit.rf.-n' with fwirtinilnr and loral
int<>n>iiU. Tln'v rhaf.- and fnt uhon tln-r find im|M'dinnnt* in tliiir way. ami ftuir
dinmntont* find an ('av Mdntion in nitti'njf tlu-lilanM' n|K.n tln-<Jov(Tnniinf. Irfiw<*
arc in oxiiit4>nc«« authoriiinjf the raining of money for nmkinjf manMlainizt'd nmdi*.
and thi-y art? apt to think that the? (lovrrnmpnt lit in fault, UTauw tin- nn.wy w
nf>t forthroming. Coin|fari»onH ant raadi? with th»» Hut«'B of Anu'rica, whon»
jfigantic and cxiK-niiivi' un<h'rtakinjfii an- carrit-tl through HUMHwfully hy mranM of
llritinh cajiitaj ; and a niMrit of ditwatiNfaition nriws. whirh must Ik- put an ind to
Infon- pnhlic aflhim ran In- managed with jMi/iuIar ajiprobation, or with BatiMfuction
to Her Mtijv9tj'» Government.

30. In the Re|)ort of the Finance Conini'tteo the following pawagc owur*:-

" It may lie well to fxiunine the i!» ■n-ription and «'Xt«?nt of th" Hecurity
they (the States of Americn) offer to llritish capitaliNt», nnil then conipar*' it
with the dewription and extent of the security the Cunadas can (.ffer for
similar inveHtmenti*.

" The old States, New York, IVnnsvlvani.-., kc rely upon an iiitemni
reventie oolleeted within the State to pay tiie iiitereNt on the capital bor-
rowed during the conwtruetion of their various improvements, and after these
works are in operation, in the progrewive increase of tolls.

** Tlie states of Indiana, Illinois, and those recently forced into cxistenen
rely on the sale of lands ceded hy the general government to pay the inten>Mt
during the construction; when those lauds are sold they have the canals and
improvementa in their place.'*

< 40. Tliew? are tho jjrinciples which I wish to adopt, although the committee do
not draw precisely the same conclusion. Tiie laml-granting system pursued in this
province for so many years, and the number of outstanding claims for which the
faith of Government is pledged, will, I fear, place this Province in the condition of
one of tlie old States ; and it appears to me tho conclusion is inevitable, that, tho
means of paying interest pending the unpro«luctivenes9 of the public works, must
be derived from the same source as in the old States, namely, taxation.

41. A law was passed during the session of the Provincial Parliament before
the last, authorizing the negotiation of a loan of 1,000,UU0/. for the purfMMe of
consolidating the public debt; the new deln^ntures to bear three per cent,
interest. If this loan should, by the assistance of Iler Majesty's Government,
be negotiated on favourable terms, the credit of the Province would immediately
rise ; the outstanding debt could be redeemed as it tiills <lue, or ;;t the will of the
public creditor ; and the negotiation of the required sum placed on the most
favourable footing.

42. I have not alluded in this despatch to the effect which ihe proposed union
of the Provinces will have upon the finances of this portion of Canada ; partly
<.>M:auFe I have no right to assume that such a measure will be carried into effect,
aid larti" because the Lower Province will have full power in the Legislature
to keep rhf'ir own ihare of revenue ; and there is a fearful arrearage of public
out'av to be made ay in that colony which will require all their resources before
the vMuntcy can be placed on an equality with the neighbouring States, or, even
with this Provinco.

43. I subjoin some tabular statements, (A.), (B.), (C), (D.) and (E.), which will
t)ie better enable your Lordship to understand some of the details of tho subject
f.n which I have written, and it remains for me briefly to state my reasons for
reserving the bills transmitted for the signification of Her Majesty's pleasure
thereon.

44. I have reserved the Bill authorizing the issue of bills of credit, because,
unless some measures be adopted to restore the public credit, these bills would
remain unpaid at the end of the year without any means of redeeming them. They
must then become dejtreeiated, and I need not explain to your Lordship the ruin-
ous consequences of such an event upon the public prosperity and tianquillity of

the

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

»9

llio (HtioDy: WPTP thin nua^un- rwltil. thi- |>r<*pect of a rt'turn to raih ptjinrnta
wiMild hv at h'Mt nion* remote.

45. I havp nitrrvi-d tho 1)111 .'xiitliorixing the n]v of ilrUnturoi for rvrtain pur-
jtmn at tho markt't priro, hocauM* I think the propriety of the nirat>ure depends
altogether u|M)n the edtahlifhrnin. of a MMtom of rredit for the rolonj op a vound
nnd Mim))l<* iMviiw ; and, althou^fh tho dehiy it pruductivu <>f much iiironvenience, I
nm of opinion that tliin evil will In> nion> than rompenMteti kjr tho adoption ofaf(oo«l
Mvitem, and by tlie nejrotiatioii of thetw debontureM in ronionanctt with it.

40. I hav« reM>r>ed the Dill for the |>ayn)ent of claimN nridinf; out of the late
t^tubI(•^ )Mrauw>, ax from the pn'anilde it i» expiM-ti-d that the eharjfe will he ulti-
nintely iM)nie hy Her Mr\jcf<ty> (iovemment, I think it would l>e iniproiter in
nie to have niwi-iited to it under an implied pledffe which I had no authority

to give.

47. I have n-nervjMl the Bill for pureha*ing the intercut of the private Htuck-
liohlere in the Wcllnnd, iM-cnuKC, until 1 ^llnll linxe »>icn the nicnnti of fiuihhing the
v^ork made avniltilile, I do not think it juHt to the ))ublic creditor to add to the
provincini debt for tluH pur|M>Ni>.

4h. TIu' Hill to cfjunlize the vnlue of gold nnd filverooino, from itN nature, wn*i
neccfMirily remrved. It in intcmlcd by tliiw mcoxure to e«|iinlize the curn-ncy of
the I'rovince with tlint of the United HtntcH, and to enable the ImnkH toui»e money
on the same tenn« ns in thnt country. Most feriou!* inconvcnienceH are felt fmni
the want of such a measure ; nnd until n provincini coinnge hhall be CHtabliHhed, I
believe it to lie neeeswirj' to prevent the continual «lrain which the iircKcnt inequa-
lity of vnlue cauties upon the specie in the Province, and to maku foreign coins
available for commi rcial pur]K)M>8.

40. My pr!nci|>nl object in thiH deopatch w to put your Lordship in posscsainn
of information to show thnt the remmrceN of tliit* colony are much more than equal,
if properly tried, to the public exigencieis nnd that the time for trying them is
come. My plan may lie faulty or imperfect, but if m, ooniu other ought to bo
adopted ; the rcHourceti of a riMug nnd rapidly incren><ing community are in exist-
ence ; how they are to he made available is one question, but their being capable
of becoming so is another. The latter point is the one in which I feel thcdeejiest
interest.

60. In conclusion, I beg to refer your Lordship to the Earl of Durham's despatch,
(No. 25) of the ICth of July 1838, in which, with reference to the public works
of tliis Province, his Lordship Ktrongly urges them upon the attention of Her
Miijesty's Government, " both ns a nii-ans of restoring tranquillity to the Canadas,
and of bkssing the Korth Anurican Provinces with a degree of proj^perity which
has never yet been aflbrded tlicni ;" and his Lordship then proceeds to ask " a
grant of money to be issued on the same princ'ides and securities as tho8«> which
rt'<;ulate the a^istance given to harbours, railroads, canals, and other public works
in England."'

I»i tills recommendation I most cordially concur. As the whole debt wns incurred
l)efore my succeeding to this government, I am in no measure personally respon-
sible for the consequences ; but it would gratify me beyond all expression, success-
fully to ])lea'l tluf cause of a fine race, who have been plunged into the deejiest
political uiiil ii ancini dii^trcss by a course of events most awfully calamitous.

I have, &c.

(signed) Geo. Arthur.

No. I.

Nikn.

N... 4.

For Lord Durbam't
Dopatrh, 46 July
1838, Nu. S5, i-itfr
Ciirrrt|)ondciire
relative to Britiih
North America ;
ordered to be
piiiile<l February
1839.P>B<I4>>

£nclosure 1, in No. L
(A.)

, }•" ^." ^";' **» regulate the value at which gold nnd silver coins shall paM ennent within Encl. 1. in Mo. t.
this Province.

2. "An Act to afford further facilities to negotiate debentures for the completion of certain
works."

595-

c 2

3. " An

|i!

■ i

PAPI-^RS RELATING TO

.1. " An Act to authorize the i»iuc of bilU of credit"

4. "An Art to ascertain and provide for the payment of all ju»t cl«im», arising from the
late rebellion and invasiomi of thiH ProTince."

6. "An Act to authomc the purchase of the pri»ate ttock in the WelUnd Canal on the
part of the Pruvioce, and for other purpo«e» therein lueutioned."

(B.)

Whole present debt of the Pro»ince -
Interest thereupon, with expenses of remittance

(C.)

Projwrtion of this debt incurred for general public purposes, about
Sum required to finish the Wellund Canal per-

nmneitly ^ u ^^ """'""" '

Sum required to purchase the private stock in the

Welland Canal . . - - -
Fo other public expenditures . - -

117,000
89,000

1,102,197 - -
06,000 - -

900,000 - -

500,000 -

1,400,000 -

t'i :r

Interest at 6vc per cent. -
Present revenue at Quebec

New revr-nue required

(D.)
Debt incurred in assistance of local undertakings

70,000 - -
45,000 - -

25,000 - -

£. 270,000 - -

Interest thereon ...------ 13,500

Permanent expenses of the government, including the administration of
justice and ParUameutiary appropriations for schools, penitentiary,
light-houses, &c. -.----.-- 65,000

Permanent Expenditure

68,500 - -

't'

Resources :

Interest on advances secured oy local works used by

district assessments - - - £. 13,500
Tolls on the Welland Canal when completed, exclusive

of 5,000/. for management and repairs • . . 20,000

Fron.i other works ------. 2,000

Duties on imports from the United States ... 13,UU0

Internal duties ....... g^ooo

New taxation required

66,500
12,000

(E.)

Interest on present debt .
Permanent expenses of government

Revenues

68,500 - -

65,000
65,000

120,000
78,000

£. 42,000 - -

Showing a permanent deficiency of 42,000/., awaiting the productiveness of public works
or the merer 'e of revenue from gradual improvement of resources

The extraordinary expenses, amounting to about 15,000/., arising from the late troubles,
are excluded from ttiis statement. * "ouuies.

i.i".'*'

STATEMENT

PUBLIC WORKS .CANADA).

STATEMENT (E.^

Upper Cakad*.

Statement of the Annnnl Amm: it of Rent* paid to the Receiver-genfral, on account of
RcnU of leased Clekot Reserves, from the Ul January 1834 to .U«t December 1838,
incluMTe.

r F. R 1 o o.

From 1st January "1 _. j
To 3l8t December J ' * {

£. .. d.
f 3,124 4)
970 12 1

From 1 St January \ ,„_. f 1,411 17
To 3l8t December J "•"* I 2,812 11

2»

From Ist January \ „ f 1,325 19 11
To 31 8t December / *""' \ 1,053 3 6 J

From 1st January 1 f 1,188 13 9J

To 3lst December J ' \ 810 - -

From 1st January \ ,_„„ f 427 7 11
To 3l8t December / ' "^ \ 661 8 6

CUBRENCT.

£. t. d.

4,005 1 5^

4,224 6 4i

2,379 3 6 J

1,098 13 9}

1,078 16 4

13,776 3 5

STBRLIMO.

£. s. d.

3,686 11 4

3,801 10 e|

2,141 5 1}

1,708 16 6

970 18 8}

12,&»8 11 1|

Enclosure 2, in No. 1.
(No. 1152.)
AN ACT to authorize the Purchase of the Private Stock in the Welland Canal on the End. a, in No. 1.
part of this Province, and for other purposes therein mentioned.

This Bill reserved for the signification of Her Majesty's pleasure thereon, on Saturday the
11th day of May 1839.

R. A, Tucker, Provincial Secretary.

Whereas it is desirable to place under the exclusive control of the government of this
Province the Welland Canal, and for that purpose to provide for the purchase from the
private stockholders in that work the stock by them held, and whicli amounts to the sum of
117,800/., be it therefore enacted by The Queen's Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the
advice and consent of the Legislative Council and Assembly of the Provmce of Upper
Canada constituted and assembled by virtue of and under the authority of an Act passed in
the Parliament of Great Britain, intituled, " An Act to repeal certain parts of an Act passed
in the 14th year of his Majesty's reign, intituled, ' An Act for making more effectual pro-
vision for the government ot the Provmce of Quebec, in North America, and to make further
provision for the Government of the said Province,' " and by the authority of the same, That
from and afler the passing of this Act, it shall and may be lawful for Her Majesty's Receiver-
general, upon an order to that effect from the Lieutenant-governor of this Provmce, to issue
such number of debentures as may be required to the several stockholders in the Welland
Canal, for a sum equal to the amount of the stock held by him or them, which debentures
shall be made redeemable in 20 years from their date, and shall bear an interest of two per
cent, per annum on the amount for which they may be issued for the tirst two years, three
per cent, for the third year, four per cent, for the fourth year, five per cent for the
fifth year, and six per cent, for the sixth and following years, and which interest, as well as
the principal sum, shall be chargeable upon, and payable out of the public revenues of this
Province.

2. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, Thut whenever the tolls collected
on the said canal shall annually amount to the sum of 30,000 /., it shall be lawful for the
Lieutenant-governor to authorize and direct the Receiver-general of the Province to issue other
debentures to the original stockholders, or their legal representatives, for such sum as will

595. C3 make

lAI'KKS ItKLATINfi TO

ii))iki* up -i\ wr It-Ill. iiiUTCht ii|>oii the nniouiil of stock by liini HuljHtnlxfd hiiH panl for. from
the tiiiH- tli<! saiiii- •timll \m\v Uvn ai-tuallv paid in, up to lli<- liinc of tlic insuuig of tlit- d.Un-
tur«» ui tlie fir»t clauw of thi« Ait nu-ii'tionrd, which debciiluits shull be- luitde |)ayal>lc iii
SO year* from the tlaU- thereof, and Ix^ar intcrent at the rale of six per cent., payable half-
yearly out of the public reveuucn of tiie I'roviiice.

3. ProTided alway*, and be it further enacted, by the authority nforesaiil, lliat notliinu
herein rontoincd shall be construed to coin|)el any hlockholder to accept debentures for the
stock by him held as aforesaid, or, in case of refusal to take the same, to deprive him from
lieini,' [wid from the tolls and revenues of the said canal, according to the laws now existing
having relation to the said canal.

4. And be it further enacted, by the authority aforesaid, That so soon as the stockholders
owiiin;; two-thirds of tlie sloek in the said cuiiui simll Imve signified llieir ticceptiince of deben-
tures ni lieu of stink, as hercinbtfi re provided, so much of the eighth clause of an Act passed
ill the wveiitli year of the nign of his lute Majesty King VVilliuni the Fourth, intituled, " An
Act for the iHriimiieiit con'plction of the Weiland Canal, and for other purposes therein men-
tioiie<l," us authorizes the annual election of two directors by the private stockholders of the
said \Veliand (^anal C<mipuny,and as requires the election or appointment of more than three
direclors for the managenient of the stock, proix-rty, athiirs and concerns of the said Weiland
Canal (^)nipany, U; and the same is hereby repealed, and that a majority of the three direc-
tors shall Iw a (pioriim for the tninsaction of biisliieiis : I'royiiled always, that the Lieiiteiiaiit-
governor shall have ])o\ver and auth< 'ty to upixjint such directors, or any of them, annuully
at his discretiiiii.

(.'oiniiions House of Assembly, uili ilay of May la31).

Allen jV. Miicnab, S|)ci;kcr.

Legislative Council Chamber, !ith day of May 1839.

Jonas Jones, Speaker.

I reserve this Bill for the signification of Her Majesty's jilcasure thereon.

Ceurf^e Arthur, Liuutciiunl-governor.

No. 2.
Prspnlch friiin lli^
Kifht linn. C.
I'liiilcit 'I'hoinson
Id I. mil John

UllKSCll,

11 March 18.40

N... f.7.

— No. 2.--

(No. 67-)

Coi'Y of a DESPATCH from the Ri/rht honourable C. Poulett Tlmnson to

Lord John Russell.

My Lord, Government-house, Montreal, 11 March 1840.

I KXi'ECT to be able shortly to submit a detailed statement of the financial
condition of both these provinces, with a view to enable your Lordship and Her
Majesty's Government to consider how far some assistance may be afforded through
the interference of the Imjierial Parliament towards diminishing a part of the
burthen which will rest upon the united province, and to assist in developing the
resources of the country by continuing the jmblic works now suspended.

But, as it is possible tiiat some discussion may arise upon the subject of the
jiublic debt of both jirovinces during the progress of the Union Bill, 1 shall briefly
state the situation of each in this respect, and furnish an approximate account,
without waiting for the exact particulars, which cannot, so far a.s Upper Canada is
concerned, be completed until some returns for which I have called are rendered.

The obligations incurred by these provinces must be classed under different
heads. 1st. Debt incurred for provincial expenditure of a general nature. 2d.
Debt incurred for public works on .account of the province. 3d. Debt incurred
by advances to private companies, for M'hich they are resijonsible. 4th. Debt
incurred for works for which the interest is leviable, under Acts of the Legisla-
ture, by local taxation.

In Lower Canada the only class of debt is one under the second head. Advances
have been made to the extent of about 50,000/., and authorized to the extent of
about 45,000/. more, making a total of 95,000/. for public works, for which the
province is liable, receiving, of course, the benefit of the tolls and proceeds in
return.

In Upper Canada the debt incurred under the first head amounts to about
02,000/., being for war losses, and a portion of the insurrection losses defrayed by
the province. This, however, can scarcely be accounted as debt now due for those
objects, because it might long ago have been discharged from the ordinary resources,
if they had not been absorbed in the payment of interest accumulating on the
debt contracted for public works, or advances under the other heads.

Tho

>(.

PUniJC WnRK.> CANADA)

T1k> nmonnt ndvaiioo<l in Tpjior ('anmla iiiuItT tin- scroml hojul is 704.000/.,
ninl u fiirtliir Mini of liUO.OUO/. Im-^ ti> Im- luiilcd to tlio cliiir;.'!' for tiifintrn'st upon
the ftripii.il iMlvnncos, wliicli hi\s Im-vu pai<l by fn-xli loans. TIu'm- work>* nrv tiif
AVcilnnci and St. Ijawrt-ncc canals, which have al)sorlM>i|, with tho intiTcst. no less
than H\7,000l., an<l tliL- rtst, works of the sanu-, thoiij;ii of a less important
fhanu'tcr.

Under the tliini head there have l»e«'n advanced to |)rivatc companies a sum,
with interest also due, anionntin;.' toyiJ.OOO/,

Ijiderthe fourth ln'ad tliere have been advanced for macadamized roads a sum,
witli int4'rest, of lilO.OCM)/., for which fh(> districts throuijh which they run an;
liable under an Act of the Le<,nslature, directin;; the annual interest to be levied
by liM-ai taxation.

Tlie wli(de debt of Upper Canada may tlioreforc bo called about 1,200,000/.
in currency, or 1,080.000/. sti-rliiig.

I have stat<d, in siibniittinir my scheme for the I'nion, that the whole debt of
facli province nnist Ihj united and charjj^i'fl njion the p-uenil reveiuie, Ijecausc
there will exist no separate fund after the Union in either I'rovince. But it is
necessary to, remark, that in lookin^j at the Uppir Canada debt, which, of e;>iirse,
forms the important feature, altliou;;li so larp' a sum is necess;irily transferred,
and thus |daced u|N)n the united province, this amount is no measure of thecliar<ru
which will really have to be defrayed annually.

The whole of the debt under the fourth class, namely lilO.OOO/.. is only a con-
tingent security given by the province. Under tlie Acts by which these works
were authorized, the diHerent districts were rendered liable through the district
rate leviable on the inhabitants ami lands for the payment of any deficiency of
interest which might arise from tiic inadequacy of the tolls ; a provision which
had not yet been enforced, but whidi I have directed to be immediately acted
iijton. No annual charge can therefore fall upon the united province on account
of this part of the debt.

The sum advanceil under Class 3 is, in like manner, a mere security, although,
of eourse, not so good, inasmuch as jirivate oomjtanies oidy an* responsii>ie to the
Clovemment ; but I have directed this to be enforceil, and there can be no doubt
'hat, as regards the greater part of this sum, which is, after .all, a mere trifle, the
security will be available.

Nearly the whole of the debt of Upper Canada, therefore, consists of the sums
expended in i»rincipal and interest upon the two great canals and some other pub-
lic works of general utility, of no less advantage to the Lower than to the Upper
Province ; and as these works cannot fail to produce a return when eom|iletod,
which will, of course, be paid to the united revenue, the burthen which will really
fall upon Lower Canada, notwithstsinding tlie difference in the amount of the share
of debt wliich it brings, must be considered as very trifling.

I have, &c.
(signed) C. Pouktt T/wmaon.

—No. 3.—
(No. 129.)

Copy of a DESPATCH from the Right honourable C. Pouldt Thoinson to

Lord John RussvlL

My Lord, Government House, Montro.il, 27 .lune IHIO. No. 3.

I NOW transmit to you an account of the financial state of the two Canadas, iiud Bespairli fnnii tlw
in order to bring tlie subject fullv before you, I shall call vour attention, first to the ,,'''!"..'',',!!' ^"
estmiated mcome and expenditure of each province for the present year ; secondly, ^^, | ,,^0 jui„j
to that of each in regard to the future, under their existing engagements ; and Uussell,
lastly, to the state in which the finances of the united jirovince will probably bo "^1 ''"'" '840.
found, should the LTnion Bill pass into a law, .as proposed by me.

Tlie account marked (A.)* is the estimate of the revenue and expenditure of the
jiresent year, as prepared by the Inspector-general of Lower Canada. This return
would show a probable deficiency in the revenue of about 9,000/., exclusive of the
debt of 20,000/. to the military chest. T do not, however, anticipate any incon-
venience from this deficiency, as many of tlie services for which it is necessarj' to

make

5!)j-

• Income and I'.vpcndilurc of I.imcr Canadu, for tlie year 1840.

PAPERS ItELATING TO

make nrovinion .hiring tlic cumMit year will not in n-ality Ik? paifl until aflrr tlio
oommi'nrfni.nt ..f tlio next financial year. In rt-jfard to the •It'.t to the military
rh(t.t 1 tnJHt that Hit MnjcKtvV (Jovemmcnt will not object for tlio prownt to
MiMiM'ii.l itx rc'i-avincnt. If thU Ik- |K'miitto(l, I have every rea-son to expect that
the n'venue of th.; pn-Hent year will N« sufficient Ut meet all the eharjres iijton it.
I inuMt also remark that I have not In-en able to provide this year for a sum of
from 12,<MMW. to 15,0(M>/. for imlemnity to sufferers under the reliellion, which
have Irhu allowed un<ler a commission named hy my pre<leces8or.

Tlie account (A. a )* will show the estimated exjH'nditun? and the interest of
debt in Upinr Canwia, to Im> provided during the present year, together with an
estimate of the income likely to accrue.

Fnrm this account it will ap|H'ar, that after firiiMilmg for the payment of t!io
dividends ujion the debt due in London on the 1st of January 1h41, which nmst
of roiirw' lie met by remittances in Decemlier, or by some otlu-r arrangement,
then- will remain a deficiency of 50,394/. Aganst this has to Ik; set a (h>bt from
Messrs. Thomas Wilson ft Co. of (11,021 /., of which, however, only a small part
can beexi>ected to be realized within that |n.nod, if in<lee<l any dividend l)e made,
although there is no reason to doubt that tie whole will ultimately l/c |>aid.

To provide for this deficiency, the Legislature have voto«l a credit of 63,000/.,
to be raised by the sale of debi-ntures in Londcm without limit an to price or rate

of interest.

Thus vou will perceive, that to complete the payments and fulfil the obligations
of tin' province during this year, a sum of about 50,000/. must be raised, which can
be effected only by the realization of the debt of Messrs. T. Wilson & Co., or by
having recourse to the ])owers granted by tin; House of Assembly.

Of the first there is little prolwbility. Although I entertain no doubt of the
ultimate solvency of the house in (juesticm, and of the payment of the debt in full,
it is not to be expected that this can lie effecte<l during the present year, and it
will Ih! neccssarj' to have recourse to the other resource, if other means eainiot be
adopted.

But this would in my opinion be most objectionable. In the jjresent state of
the credit of Upper Canada, debentures to the extent required could not, most
probably, if saleable at all, be dispose<l of for any thing more than 75 or 80 per
cent., if bearing interest of 5 i>er cent., and only redeemable in a certain number
of years ; or, if redeemable at pleasure at jmr, probably it would bo necessary to
pay an interest of 8 or 9 per cent.

A fresh loan to this extent would add materially to the debt which must here-
after form the united debt of the province of Canada, and would, in addition to
the injustice of thus saddling upon the united province an augmented burthen to
that extent, impose one contracted upon the most disadvantageous terms to the
borrower.

I would therefore eanicstly press upon Her Majesty's Government the pro-
priety of affording the means of avoiding this necessity, which it may do with no
inconvenience, and without any risk worth speaking of.

This may be effected by the Treasury undertaking the advance of 50,0(U)/.
necessary to complete the balance required, and taking in security the transfer of
the debt of Tliomas Wilson & Co., to which would be added of course the secu-
rity of the province. The advance would, as regards the British Treasury, be a
purely temporaiy one, probably not remaining uncovered for more than a few
months ; but to the province it would be a matter of the greatest moment.

I next come to the financial condition of the two provinces under their present
separate administration.

In Lower Canada the provincial debt already incurred, or which may probably
be raised during the ensuing year, is comparatively insignificant. From the state-
ment (B.) annexed to this despatch, it appears that the total interest both certain
and probable, payable on this debt during the present year, will not exceed
4.007 /. 12 s., and that in future years it will amount only to 6,769/.

With regard to the general expenses it is to be observed, that in Lower
Canada, under the heavy burthens of the two last years, the revenue has been
neariy equal to the expenditure. In future years it will be relieved of some of
the heaviest charges now upon it, and will therefore afford a considerable surplus.
Thus the expense of the police of Montreal and Quebec, now amounting to

12,900/.

* Income and Expenditure of Up|)cr Canada, foi the year 1840.

PUBLIC WORKS ^CANADA

"ri

l2.fMM>/. (Idit in future on a verj' re<li>ri'il scale), Mill Ik' iMiriie Ity tlii><e eities
resiM'<-tively.

Tlie eX|vii«o of the mm' police ■nil! ho re.lneed from UO.OOO/. to IH.OOO/. ; the
rhar;:e fnr tlie ("iiiiiini"-iiiner«i of Inileiiiiiity ;iii<l fur the -iiiiii a":\!iieil \\\ tiie.n
will cea-e to exist.

Hy the -«aviii;rthii«iefl'ecter! tlieni will he a siiriilu", :ls exhihiteil in |ia|prr {{'.), fi.r
next year of IfJ.s.'d /., anil in future of a larpr sum.

Paper a. I) ) will show the pre>*eiit <leht of I'pper Cauaila. Iiofh fiuiihil aiid iliie
to lyimlon hankers, the periods at whieh eaeh |«art of it is reileeinahle. ami the
.nnnual rliurfre for interest. To this amount an- appended tlie eharjres for fresii
<leht which may Ih- ineurred in the ]ir<>sent year under certain (•ontin;:eneies ,
which an , first, the al)ove-mentioned simi oftilJ.OOO/. if not prf)vided for as I haM'
pointed out ; lu-.xt, a sum of ;)(j,(KM)/. voted for indemnity to sulVerers during' the
rehellion. to which Hill the assent of the Crown is |ded;^ed finder your l.orclsjiip's
instnictions tome, and which has only not been ;jiven, as it is to Ik- hoped that IJer
Majesty's (lovernmeiit will accede to the Address of the House of Assembly, upe'i
which I have already written to jou, aiul consent to cause these indenmitie> to Ih-
pai<l from the iinperiul treasury: and lastly, an additional sum of (pndiahlv)
54,0(M)/„ vvliicli must he raised for public WDrks which would otherwise fall nito
decay. The wh<do amount of debt will then stand at 1,0^7.0.")!)/. c( rtain, or,
iiu'Iudinjj these contingencies, at l,2'JO,yr),0/., and the certain and ]iossibIe annual
charges at (!5,70H/. 5 .«. (Ul.

Paj)er {V. c.) will exhibit the total annual charge for the whole of these I'ugage-
inents, (subject to a pro nit;\ diminution on the la.st items, if otherwise disposed of.)
and the ex))en(liture of the province according to the last estimates, which can
scarcely admit of reduction, to the debtor side of the account ; anil to the cre-
ditor side, the probable income arising from taxation, and th.it arising or to be
expected from advances oji public works for which the districts are bound to |iro-
vide by local taxation, or from advances to companies, or fiom other sources. 'J'his
account will then exhibit an annual deticiencv, under tlie prexwit nvenui',
of-J8.735/.

Lastly. I proceed to show the comlition in which the finances of the province
of Canada will stand after tlie union, sup]>osing it to be completed upon the terms
arranged in the [3ill submitti'd to I'arliament by \ (ur Lordship, and taken in the
order in which tliey stanil in the Bill. The items are given in jiaper (D.), and
reference to the separate accounts.

EXPENDITURE.

1. Expenses of collection.

These it is unnecessary here to sjiecify, as tlie net ri'Venue only is stated in
the accompanying Heiurns.

2. Interest of debt.

LowEK Canaha. — Now jiayable - - £.4,7"):J

Payable' in future - - 2,01 (I

Upi'ER Canada. — Now payable

Payable in future

of5,K37

3. Payments to the clergy.

Lower Canaila .---.. Nil.

Ui)])er Canada

These payments are now made from the Crown revenues,
but as those revenues will l)e taken iT-dit for in the income,
they will appear on both sides of the account.

4. Charges for Civil List

5. Other charges now by law or usage payable.

Lower Caiuula

Upper Canada -.----..

6. Annual viUes for civil expenditure.

Lower Canada -.---..-
L^pper Canada . ,

£.n,7<;o

(;."),70s

r.,731

- 7J,00()

- i-_',:>iv2

- 2»>,y78

- (;4,:j(io

. 1M24
£.2G!).J4l

5'.).5

UE\ ENUE.

PAPERS nELATIXG TO

RKVKNIE.

liOWKR Canada— Ordinarj- Rcvomio - - - - ^-^^U'^J^ ^•
DiituH umlcr I4tli (ico. III., rcNumcd l!l.<fOi»

Cntwii R«>vi«mi«'s .... ^^,400

Without (Ifilucting rhargia tliin-on, £.2,422.

150,140

Upper Canada.— Ordinary Ilovcniio ... - ^I'^J^^.

])iiticHiindiTl4tiif«'<). Ill, rosuniod - li),28a

Crown Ri'VfniK's ci'dc*! - - - 30,000
Without dt'ducting clmrgos thereon, £. 7,908.

122,520

£.272,000

1 i '

Against this apparent surplus )ia.s to be set the amount of the contingent
I'xpenses of the Lcgishituru in future years, whieli, looking to the past in either
jirovince. nuist be considerable. Whatever may 1m» required for tlic continuation
of thi! great public works of Iwth provinces, for a general system of education, or
for any otlier imi>roveinents, is wholly unprovided for in this statement of the
expenditure; and, on the other hand, "the receipts will, in 1842, be diminished by
the cessation of payments from the Canada Company.

Your Lordship will thus at once perceive that assistance will be required from
the mother country to place the finances of the united province in a satisfactory
condition ; and that the aid which I was authorized to promise in order to obtain
the assent of the Upper Canada Legislature to the measure, if necessary, must here-
after be afforded.

I was not, it is true, under the necessity of making use of these powers, and I
rejoice to think that I found the means of dispensing with them ; at the same
time one of t!ie main argxmients in favour of the Union in that province was felt
to be the necessity of extricating the finances from the difficulty under which they
laboured, and the confident hope that the Imperial Parliament would assist in
doing so.

It will therefore be absolutely necessary that Her Majesty's Government should
enable the Governor of the province of Canada to afford this relief when the Union
is completed, and the financial settlement takes place ; and I know of no better
means than tliose originally proposed, — of guaranteeing a loan which would remove
a considerable charge arising from the high rate of interest payable by the province
on the debt already contracted, or which it would have to pay for raising fresh
loans which may be required hereafter for gieat local imprevements.

I shall have the opportunity, when I enter upon the consideration of these works,
of explainitJg more fully the mode in which such a guarantee might be most advan-
tageously afforded ; and in what way, under the peculiar terms of the debt of
Upper Canada, great part of which is not redeemable for some years, the relief in
question can be best afforded to secure the interests of the province.

In the meantime I must urge upon the immediate attention of Her Majesty's
Government *\\c pressing point with regard to the deficiency in the Upper Canada
revenue for this year, to meet the interest of the debt due in December, and to
support its credit.

I liave, &c.

. (signed) C. Poulctt Thomson.

s-^

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

Enclosures in No. [i.

(A.)

LO'.VF.ll CANADA.

STATEMENT of the Ettimatcd Pruvinciul Expenditure and Kcvinuc Tur the Year IIMO.

KXI'ENDITIHK.

Pruvinciul

£. 4'.io -

378

.Arrcari in i8:<9 (say) -••----

IntL>r"8t of Public Ucbt (at per ttutcnirnt liclnnO
.Adminiktr^tion of Justice ami Support uf Civil (iuvtrnnient
Police of tht ritlcs cl' Quebec iind Mositreal • . -
Rural Police in ;Iie I)i»tricts of Montreal unil Tliree Itivcis
Support of IIospitaN aiid other Public ClmritlcH
Education ....-..-.

.Aid to Literary, Historical, and Mechanics' Institutions •
Medical Euculty of Mc(iill College ....

Improvement of Hoods, Navigation and other Public Works
Kalanes and Contingencies of Commissicmcrs of Indemnity
Amount paid for Indemnity for losses by Rebellion -
Balance due on grant to erect a Court House ut Sherbrooke, and other Public
Works .........

AnnuitI Exfienses permanently provided for by Acts of the lut
Legislature, &c. —

Assessments on Public Buildings and Lots tvitliln the
Cities of Quebec and Montreal ....

Pensions to \Vnunded Militiamen, who served during tli>;
lute War with the Cnitcd States ....

Allowance to iho Protlioiiotarics of the several districts of
the Province fur preparing Annual .-Vbstract^ of Dirtiis,
Marriages and Burials ......

Pensions to Widows Curon ond Itolctte 75/. coch •
Annual Ground Rent for the Property of the Bishop's
Palace at Quebec, payable to the Roman Catholic
Bishop -.......-

Expenses of distributing Laws .....

Rewards for the destruction of Wolves ...

ICncoumgement of Agriculture

Fiir Normal Schools .......

Retiring Allowance to the late Chief Justice of Montreal

Interest on Loans—

On 31,500/. sterling, borrowed under sundry Provincial
Acts for improvement of the Harbour of Montreal at
various rates of Interest from 5 to (> per cent.

On the further sum ;>(>,ooo/. sterling authorized to be
loaned for the same purpose by Ordinance of the
Special Council on account of which there was raised
19,147/. 10s. sterling, up to the ist of January 1840,
at the interest of 6 per cent., the remainder of the Loan
is not to be raised, vide Ordinance .td Vict. chap. '^8.
The amount of interest payable in 1840, will be

A Loan to the amount of 31,500/. sterling bus lately
been authorized by Ordinance of the Special Council
to be raised for completing the Cbnmbly Canal, which
has been effected at the annual interest of (> per cent.,
say 13,500/. sterling, from the 15th of June 1840,
and 18,000/. from the 1st May 1841, Payable in
1840

150

—

1,000

•Jew

a()o

780

—

750

733

'.7>;

1,148 17

303 15

Probable

Total certain . - £.3,167 la -

Loan of 20,700/. sterling for continuing the improve-
ments of the Montreal Harbour, authorized by a recent
Ordinance 3d Vict. c. 38, of which there may probably
be raised lo,ouo/. in 1840, at the interest of 8 per
cent. .........

Loan of 4,500 /. sterling for completing and working the
Drcdeing Vessel, under the same Ordinance may be
raised this year, at the interest say of 8 per cent.

690 - -

180

Total certain and probable
Expense of the Trinity Board for improving the Navigation of the St. Lawrence
Expense for the Relief of Sick Mariners . ......

ToT-VL Expenditure -

£.

Strrlinf l)«tlUr«
•I 4 >. 8 d.

£.

3.'>j0
4,007

7'.o.'i3
I i,iton

'iO.OUU
'J,IJIO

180

9.738
i,>^o
8,fi37

4.M0

I'i

<i U

4,781 6 8

4,00/ 11
5,000 -
1 ,.300 -

>59.3y9 >7 5

Af<w.— There is a balance due on the Loan from the Imperial Treasury in 1837, and for advances
made by the Commissary-general in 1837 and 1838, for Special Services, of 20,000/.

59'

u 2

I s->

fit

HAFKRS RKI.ATlN(i TO

(A.,
I.OWril CANADA.
I VI IM \T1 J) r •.VF.M.E for tlic War lllio, IniMg tlio Nit after .IciIutlinB F.xpcnscs of Collec-
tion anii Pr(>|Hirtiiiii tor L'ppt'r Canada.

r-incial Act

Casual and Tirnloriul nfM-nui*. hiinjt (Mint*. I>ikIs et Wntct, anil other I)iu;«
witliin till- (Jueiii'it domain, iinuir tin- IVuilal Tcimrt', and lUnls of the Kmy j

HoMit, Water l.oln. fit. ™.- L

Net |in.( tedn of Sales of Crown IjndM and License* to cut Timber
Cuntonis under Imperial Aet 14 <uo. :), e. 88 -
I.ieen!.eii under ditto for retiiiling Spiriluom I j(]Uor» -
Fines and Forfeitures ...----
Customs under I'rovinciul Act ;)3 f'*". 3 ...

Dillu ditto !.-> ditto

Duties or IJccnst'S to retail .Spirituous Liquors under Pro

;ji (ieo. .■(--•---•■"
Duties on Licenses for Billiard Tables under I -ovmcial Act 41 oeo. 3
Customs on Tobacco under Provincial Act 41 Oeo. 3

under Provincial Act sa (ieo. 3, c. 1 1

Ditto .'■>.'> Ofo. 3, c. 3 •

under Imperial Act 3 & 4 Will. 4, c. 59 •

Ditto 4 Ovn. 3, c. 15 -

Tolls on I.a Chine Canal ......

Items and Profits of the SeiKniory >"■ Lau/on, held of Sir John Caldwell

formerly Hcccivcr-general, on account of his Debts of the Crown •
Wharfage dues nt Montreal ... .....

Total applicable to gcner&l purposes -

Duties on Shipping
Tonnage Duties
Jesuits' Estates

Total Revenue

(signed)

Ktrllinn l><ilUr>,
at 4>. Alt

£.

(i.HOO

lp,8oo

l)00
81,'iOO

3.1. 00

7,(X)0
35,000
I (),50o

32,000

Co
4,000

a, 000
9,000

4,000
1,400
1,800

150,140 - _

Montreal, June 1840.

Joseph Cary,
Inspector-General Public Accounts.

(B.)

LOWER CANADA.
SIATE.MENT of the Public Debt for the Year 1840 and following Year,

AmoMDt

Amouut
of

Annual Amount
of Inten.tt which
« ill he pnyable

S E R V 1 C K.

in future.

Loan.

Intemt payable

if the whole Sural

ia 1840.

authoriied are

raiiefl.

Sterling,

Sterling.

Slerling.

Fnr iniprdvinp the hart>our of Moutreal at diffrrent ratM of

£ a. d.

£. .. d.

£. >. d

iniiTCKt, fruin 6 to 6 p<'r cent. The capital ami interest

Iiavable out of wharfage duw ; if not lufficipnt for the in*

tcrffct, the deficiency to be made up from the Keneral fund-<.

iindiT tlie iithority of various Acts of the Provincial

LepiHlaturc *.--- .,.

3I,ftOO - -

I.TIS - -

1,715 - -

For tho Mine ,iurpow nnder Ordinance 1 Alct., c. 23. In-

UTi'st payat it- out of the general Fundi at 6 per cent.

r,147 10 -

1,148 17 -

For coinph'tirig the Clinmbly Canal under recent Ordinsjcesi

t'f the S|»erinl Co'inciU the total «um has been raised at the

interest of t> per eent. , that is, 13^001. on the K'^th June

IS40, .nd IH.OOn/. sterling on the 1st May 1841, for

H year from these dates respectively ....

31,600 - -

303 15 -

1, 890 - -

Total certain, sterling - - £.

82,U7 10 -

3,167 12 -

4,763 17 -

PROBAIIK.

Loan of 20,7^0/. sterling, for continuing the improvements of

the Montreal Harbour, authorised by a •ecent Ordinancei

3 Nict..c. 28. of which there may be raised 10,000/. iu

1840, ot the interest of 8 per cent, . - - .

.0,000 - -

690 - -

1.666 - -

Loan of 4,600/. sterling, for completing and working the

ftit (lining vessel, under the aamc Ordinance, may be loised

this year at the iuterest, say of b p-r cent. -

4,500 - -

ISO - -

360 - -

Total certain and probable - - £.

96,647 10 -

4,007 12 -

0,769 17 _

Monlreal, June 1840.

(signed) JuHjih Cary,

Inspector-General Public Accounts

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

•

■e

1 1 1

1 ^

1 1 1

d «

«4

o
X

1 11

c
•t-

"»

1 ■• 1

« tj 1 .

C:2

-;
"0 - 1

c c

c" S .

if Education")
igation of ih

•

_§■«

Z la

„^

s S ' :

■ss

-o

EJ s

5 MM

c
a

•5

■ed for advance
of improving t
ty Hoard -
' of sick .Marine

•

-a
s

<
1

<
•<

Revenue, after deductions l"i
r Upper Canada : the same
pplicable to general purpose*

of the Jesuits' estates (reserv

eliipping, for the expenses

It. Lawrence, under the Trini

Duty, applicable to the relief

lli

cnues
ies on
iver S
nage

4) 3 — 3

<•

O tj

.«

s .

1 1

11(1

1 1

=3 2

1 1

1 1 1 1

1 1

OS CO

t-i

-000

§
0,

•■^

ic
Ij

3353 06
0, ■* 3_ S t^n

VI 0"

ci 'h 6 n

■«■ -

u 1 1

t 1

1
t

"60

•1

1 • •

. . . .1-1

1 1

.Si.

■6 •

1 1 * 1 u.

1 1

u ■

•3

i •

^ g

>»

Loans for Public
he Civil Govemm

Kent), say

)r by special Acts

'•3

■|

B
•1

.S .

a .

•3

&i 1

1 °

Iharities
88 at pn

ovided ft

1 3

JZ 1

■J

c =*

^1 s.

•

Charges fo
Justice an

resent
tals and otI
Works (if

permanent

b £3

<~^^

o--s_.y 1 M

1 <~

H I,

.tJ

otal Amount
Statement (B.
dniinistralinn <

ducation as at
upport of Hos]
ouds and Publ
ural Police
nnual Expense

;§

■ "S

3 £

1-2

•->

H <

A-Ji»Si<

(^.iP.

•;3

PA I' Ells RELATIXr. TO

LOWEIl CANADA.
Chahois now by l.«ir payable, cxclu.ive of ihou- provided for in the Civil IJ^ "^'^^JS'Ooa

ITmlcr pt-mMnrnt approprialion*. oi per Satemriit (A.) • •
Exprniir* of Trini'; lioardi in luppor'iiig and iropronnB Ihc

navigation of thi St. I.awrcncv
For the relief of tick Marinerii

Etprnttl kJ a fxrnuinenl nnliirr annideicJ n.< Cliarfiti upon
the Crawii linenuii.

Salariei of the <'oninii»»i»ner« of Crown Lands -

Salary of »\\i- A(j»-nt for EniiRront* at Quebec,

and Conlingencie» of his office . - -

I'enMons - •

H. 1,'Joo

(-.77
.'•i45

Annual Vutes for Civil Fjpcnditurt.

(Ifficc of Adjutant-Ciencral of Militia . . . . -

Miscellancom Kxpcnues, as Kent of Buildings for public piir-
poscs, Fuel, Kcpairs to Publie Buildings, Salaries of Grand
Voyers, and various other scrvi'-cs . . . . .

Surveyor-Gcncrars Department ......

Contingencies of various Public Offices - -

Support of Hospitals and other Public Charities . . .

Contingencies of the Legislature ....--

Printing Ijiws .........

Retiring Allowances to Officers of the late Legislative Bodies

Salaries of SlicritTs, Coroners, Keepers of Courthouses, Petty
Officers of Courts, contingent Expenses of Gaols, Court-
houses, &c. .........

Rural Police ....-•-•.■

For Eilucation .........

For Literary and other Societies ......

Medical Faculty of McGill College . . . . .

Roads, Improvsment of Navigation, and other Public Works

i'aymeiils to the Clerj:;y,

To the Scotch Presbytery at Quebec

This is the only payment foi the Clergy out of the Revenues
raised within Lower Canada, and is made out of the fund
arising from the proceeds of sales of Clergy Reserves remitted
to England.

Strilinf.

t. S. ll

4,780 - -

4,000 - -

1 ,300 - -

10,080 - -

3,433

The Revenues at the disposal nflhe Crmnn arc:

Casual and Territorial Revenue ......

Net Proceeds of Crown Lands, after deducting expenses of col-
lection and other Contingencies ......

Annual aid by Provincial Act, s.^th Geo. III., out of the duties
levied under that Act, towards defraying the expenses of
the Administration of Justice, and the support of the Civil
Government ....... ..

Estimated amount of Duties on Tobacco, levied under Pro-
vincial Act, 41st Geo. IIL, permanently appropriated to the
same purposes

Payments by the British American Land Company ...

J, 073

1,103
3,300

.5.845
tijlOO
1,500

i,tj8o

NtrrliiHt.

£. s. d.

13,503 -

S.ooo
13,000

3,(>oo
iRo

450
10,738

5,400
6,000

5.000

7,000 -
Nil.

C4,3Cy -

500 -

33,400

NoTr.— In the yttn 1836 ind 1 837, in conwquenoe of the regular supplim being withheld by the House of Anembly, a nin-
■iderablr nroportion of the apensee of the Civil (iovernnient •ere, by directions from the Secretary of SUte for the Colonic»,
made payable out of the nvenun at the diipoial of the Crown ; but when the Land Company ceaicd paying up their inatalmenta,
«lie«e rerenun fell ihort of the amount of eipenditiirc to which they were directed to bo applied.

On the juipension of the Constitution of this I'rovince, il was considered as the more aimple course to merge the Crown
Revenoes in the other funds, and fi-ora that general fund, the appropriations rcquireil for defraying all the expenses of Government
(including these chiirges on the Crown Revenues) were made.

That course has been pursued up to the pressnt tiicc.

Montreal, June 1840.

Joseph Can/,
Iniipcvtor-Gcnentl Public Accounts.

PUBLIC WORKS ^CANADAV

:»•

(F.)

LOWKIt CANADA.

STATKMENT of the Dutim IcvicJ unJer the Inipiri«l Act uih ^'•t*>- HI., i«p. 88, for

the Vtar 183;).

On Importationn hy Sea ai the Tort* ol (iucbcc and
Montreal : —
For the Quarter ended .-,ih of April t8.J9 . . -
„ ended .',lli of July iN.li)

„ ended iDlliolOetoUer 183J

„ ended lolli of Jufuiiry 1840

Grou Ainounta

Expcnuet of Collection

Proportion for Upper Canada, 38 J per
Lcavci for Lower Canada . - -
Deduct i'„ for Sterling

Currency

£ I. d.

>!)• '' A

l.'-„4iH (I 4

U.747 "'' 7

'„ioo 5 8

•i 1,850 5 1
•J.i8j - <>

Htetlmil IVJUrv at
4). 6J

:|j.5<"'7

3«

35.5«8

«7

i:),<i7»

i'j.<><''.'» 4 7

Montreal, June 1840.

(signed) Josfpfi Car¥,

Iniipvctor-Cieneral Public Account*.

GENERAL STATEMENT.

EXPENDITUKE.

Intere.t of I>ebt.
Lower Canada :
Curtain
Probable -

Upper Canada:
Certain
Puuible

£.4.^b^ 17
2,0 1« -

8,931 9 H

2 PaymenU to the Clergy :
Lower Canada (nii. )
Upper Canada (per Paper (E. ),No. 1. )

.1. Charge! for Civil LUt ...

4. Other Charges now by law or uiage pay-
able:
Lower Canada - -£.10,090 - -
Chargea on Crown

Revriuea - - 2,422 - -

Upper Canada (per

Paper (E.), No. 2.) 13,070 5
Chargea on Crown

Kevenuea - - 7,90S -

Asnuil Votea for Civil Eipcoditure ;

1 D39. Lower Canada . . - .
Upper Canada (per Paper (E. ),
Na3.)

£.

Sterling.

6,7fi!t -

63,76S -

5,731 -

75,000 -

12,502

30,S78

64,3G9
18,424

2)>9,54l

REVENUE.

Lower Canada :

Ordinar)' Revenue £.150,140 - -
LcM, Duties uniK'r

14th iieo. III. ■ I9.66.'i - -

Dedtirt Crown Reveouea included
alMive . - . . .

£.

Upper Canada :

Ordinary Rt-venue, a^

per Eatimate in

Paper(C. ) ■£.92,^20 - -

Leaa, Dutiea under

Nth Geo. III., rh.

H8, aa per .Sute-

nicnt(F.) - . 1.^,185 19 9

Dutiei under 14th Cieo. IIL, eh. 88,
reajmed ;

Lowei 'Nnada - £.19,665 - -

Uppei Caniija - - 15.286 - -

Starling.

£. • J

130,475 - -
13,400 - -

107,075 - -

Crown Hevenuei ceded (per Paper (E.),
Noa. 4 and 5)

T..ower Canada - -£.2.1,400 - -

Upper Canada - - .■t0,0«0 - -

77,234

34,951 -

53,400

£■ 1271,660

Inspector-General's Office, Toronto, 1^
May 30, 1840. J

595- -

(signed) John Macaulay,

Inspector-Geoeral.

Ii4

s^'

3-1

PAPERS RELATING TO

(A. II.)

' I r>ri.K CANADA.

^AlQMNITtffi><c TjiiiinaU'd ProvincuU K\rtkt>iTi hk and Rivknui for the Year 1840.

KXI'KNDITURK.

Arrcanot' 183;/, u|) to ut January 1840,
•ay ... . .

Per AccDUMT (II.)
Inltrctt of Public Dt'bt (fiindcil) •

Pit STATlMtirr, Nu. 1, annexni.

Ailmiiiinlratiun iil Juxire, and tiipport of
till' Civil GDvi'rnmt'nt

Prr Statemixt, No. 1, annexed.

I.rgi>laliiri>, 844(1/. I4<. > <'•• (ay

ScliouU ; Pi-nnanont Granlii, I j

Dintricts .... X. 5,950

Dillo, Boolm, for Sunday Scliooli 150

Annual Vote fur 1 840 • • ,'ii'>,'i»

Mililin and other Pentions ■ £.3.100

Dillo, undi'r variout Acts of lait
Scstion • . . . 103 10

L'gllllll)UM!> . . . . .

Agricultural Societies . . .

Penitentiary, including ■juol. lu Deputy
Warden

Militia Courts Martial ...

Per Statement, No. 3, annexed.

Balances due the London Agents, ist
January 1840, ;-,7,o;)i)/. 18.5. 8f/. ster-
ling, e.xcliunge at 1 1 per cent. -

Toronto House of Industry

Hoards on claims for losses by Rebellion
and Invasions ....

REVENUE .

Balances dug from Collectors of Revenue,
on account of 1839 . . .

Balance in Rcceiver-Gcnerars hands, 3 tat
December i8j() ....

Proportion of Duties at Quebec •

Import Duties from United States

Licenses, including Auction Duty

Bank Dividend, due Ist January 1840 •

Government Tolls 2,000/., and Interest
on Loans to private and incorporated
Companies, and to Macadamized
Roads, 12,000/. - . . .

Tonnage Duty - - . . .

Fees on Militia Commissions, Fines, &c.

Proceeds of sale of Bank Stock •

Deiicicncy, exclusive of Interest on-^
Advances by London .Agents .j

Ctirrrnrjr lloIWi, SI ftf.

£.

i(>,aoo

'M.15^ - 3

,')i,(HKI

8,/;(K)

Hi"jo -

3.30J 10

a,5"o -

1,000 -

5.300 -

300 -

"0.349
350

500

6(i,8;i<i 16 3

3,000 - -

24,2Co - -

60,000 - _

1 8,000 - -

1 a,ooo - -

1 ,000 - -

14,000 -

300 -

500 -

25.250 -

"HiSOS >5 3

158,310 - _

>!>».873 7 9

« 42.479

55.993 15 3

50.394 7 9

Inspector-General's Office, Toronto,"!
May 30, 1840. J

^signed) John Macaulay,

Inspector-General.

prni.ir works (Canada).

j.t

(A. a "y— cuHtiniiril ■

ri'l'KK { \ N \ I) A.

ST ATKMKNT of the lUtinialrd Provincial Kxpcniliturf «nJ Kc»cnuc for ihc Vfw 1840.

No I.

AllMIMSTKAnON Of Ji»Trc«, A^O Sltport »* rill
Civil, (io\ r.KNMlNT.

Ci»il Oovcriimciit, per I Will. IV.. ill. 14 - - - .

Ditto - per Hill of Supply • . - • •

Rccclvcr-Gcncral'i Salary, per 1 Wni. IV.,
ch. 15 t,-;oQ sterling

Innpector-ticiierart dii'o, per 49 Oro. III.,
cli. 13- - • - - - • S^S !•

Adjuiant-Ccncral of Militia, per 3 Vict. I.,
ch. Cy £. Coo currency

;^«ii»taiii ilitlo, per 4 Geo. IV., ch. '^7,
(4th Sept.) ioo „

Contingcncica of OfBce, Allowance in lieu, per

4 Geo. IV., ch. 7 - - - - - 8,', „

Survcyor-GeniTal's Kcturnt to Treasurer's, per yj Geo. III.,
«-l'.7

Grant to Recfivcr-Ocncrals, t«|H;cial - . . - -
Adminiitralioii ol Jiittice, per I Wm. IV., ch. 14

Ditto, per 7 Wm. IV., ch. <

Vicc-Chuncellor, per 7 Wm. IV., th. log -

Grant to Guolcr, Home District

No. II.

Legislature.

Officers of, under various Acts, including Clerk of Crown in
Chancery .........

Contingencies of, per Address ......

Provincial Library, per 7 Wm. IV., ch. yi) •

Speaker, House of Assembly, Special Grant

No. III.

Balances due the London Agents ; viz., Messrs. Glynn & Co.,
per account, 3i8t December 1839

Messrs. Baring & Co., per ditto • - ditto - . . .

Dividend to 31 Dec. 1839 ......

Ci ui i )

£. f. </.

i<'.77!l 4 •'

777 '.-. ti

40.5 II I

885

.10

1 ,500

3,<)(Wi 13 4

3.000 - -

l,5,V) - -

1 .'lO - -

I I. '/

i3.a;J3 » *

8,o(i() 1,1 4

31.9IW '.'» •'

!)<'."> -

li,8ol 14

80 -

Hoc -

8,446 14 1

Stcrlinc.

Stwiillt.

31.628 7

3i>6i8 7 8

14,644 8

10,767 3

85,411 11 -

£.

57.0.W '8 8

Inspector-General's Office, Toronto,"!
30 May 1840. J

595-

(signed) John Macauluy,

Inspector General.

PAPERS RELATINC; TO

1 m

i
1 C

(B.b.)

L'l'I'I.K CANAD.A.
STATEMENT of lUv Pi blic Diiir on l.t January 1840.

lUIifAi C'urrrncy.

X.(!l,340 - - at.'-, |irr crnt.

,';,(MX) - - at .',5 per cent.

i;)7,(j(ii 13 a I alt) [kt ii'iit.

ToTAi. - •£.;();),<)<)'.' ij ij (layablf ill I '|)|H'r Canada.

Stfrlinj DkIUts at 4 j. fitl.

£.810,750, at 5 per Cent. Dibpnturcs
payable in LimtUin.

VE.\HS

■ y

I 183^

1837

i 18.(8

i '83^

i 1840

1841

! >843

i : "844

! 184,;

i84(>

i '847

1848

l*<4i1

iSjO

1851

.8.52

1 1853

jv 1854

: ^ J8.;/;

185(5

1857

1858

i8j;)

i8t;o

i8f.i

18G2

i8(i3

I 1864

At
'}l p*r (cut.

1,CK)0
1 ,000
•-•,250

;>,0OO

1874
'875

£.

53.250

3,3i»

180

i.'.o

61,340

5,000

UKDEEMAHLE IN THE FOLLOWING YEARS :-

f IIIKK.NCV DKIllNTIHKS :

At
I per (,'i'nt.

£. .!. </.

3.2. -.o - -

1,41(1 13 4

>.750 - -

83 C 8

1,500 - -

3.''<'<' 13 4

(!,!()() 13 4

l,(i(iG 13 4

500 - -

15,800 - -

2 1 ,000 - -

1 ,500 - -

8,000 - -

C,ooo - -

4,000 - -

•7.864 li 2 J
t

2,000 - -

1 ,000 - -

42,500 - -

7,500 - -

137,66a 13 3|

TOTAL.

£. s. .1.

3.250 - -

M>'' »3 4

1,750 - -

83 C 8

1,500 - -

4,(;(i6 13 4

12,l()() 13 4

3.yi6 13 4

500 - -

15,800 - -

■2 1 ,000 - -

1,500 - -

53,250 - -

1 1 ,300 - -

(1,050 - -

4,180 - -

(io - -

8,012 12 2j

2,000 - -

IjOlX) - -

42,500 - _

7,500 - _

303,902 13 5|

£.

i. il.

6,500 - -

8,000 - -

13,6()6 13 4

24,833 6 8

28,750 - -

29,250 - -

29,750 - -

45.550 - -

66,550 - -

68,050 - -

121,300 - _

1 32,600 - -

138,650 - -

142,830 - -

142,890 - -

150,903 12 2j

Sterling nrhpiiliirn, at a pi.r (rat.

.t. d.

200,000
400,000

203,650

66,000

152,902 12 24

153.902 12 2l
19(1,402 13 1\
203,902 12 2^

Less remaining unsold in hands
of Messrs. Baring

Equal in Sterling ■
ToT.AL, Sterling - - £.

600,000 -

803,650 -
869,650 -

869,650
I 42,900

826,750 - -
183,512 6 iij

1,010,263 6 11 j

; oi;;;'::j^;^4 [^Itss'^^ir'^ ''''""'"'''"■'•'«""«''''"•' '^-^-"^ ■• '«»•

s-^

at 5 p«T Cnxt.

£. 1. d.

1,000 - -

,650 - -
1,650 - -

1C50

,900

-750

.5>2

i.j

,26a

PI nlJC WORKS (CANADA).

»5

l^irn-nry l>,ilUni, I SUrriinff IhilUrs,

Ammint ol the Fundfd tVbl on Ut of January 1840,—

Brought fitrwani - - -
A,ia—

Rpinaintnl; tint«unl for lowt^ by Imurrrclion, lM*atiiig lotemt
at ti pvT n-nl., from January I. 1^3y . . - .

I«i>ur0 aiuce January I, 1840 ......

Total Amount of Fun«le<l FKbt -

Balance* Hue the Loudon Aifputa, DcceinlK'r 31, IS.'W. including
Dividends payable to that date ; — vii. ;

.M.aari. (;lvnn * To. ,e..1l,li29 7 8

M.».r.. Ba'riiiB it Co. - £.14,044 H
Dividend, Deecudn'r

.11, ]»3'J - - - - ir.,:iiT .T

2,^,411 II -

Total bearing Intereftt from January 1 . 1 840
Total Amount of Debt

ANitt.'AL Charge koh Istbrkst.

On Currency Delwnture, X.t»l,24it - - ut .'> per cent.
„ „ 6,000 - - at 5J „ .
£.l3<,liti2 12 2{
22» l<» -
aiMI - -
138,3!)2 12 2} at r, per cent.

Total - f. 204,6.12 12 2j Currency.

Sterling Debentures, .£. 826,7.'iO, at .'> per cent.
One per cent. Commisaion on Dividends

Avenge fur Exchange, &c. , 1 1 per cent.

Total .\nnua! Charges foi Interest, &c., on the Public'
Funded Debt - - - . , _ .

Dkbt which mav re iN'i ukred i.s the PREsENr Yeah.

Delwnturps ayithorizeil by l*rovinrlal Stntute, .3 Vic. , c. 38, for
liijuidutin^ buliiuces due the London Ageuta ...

V'oteil for ludemnity to Sufferera during the ReU'llion anil
Invasions -----.-._

Ile<iuired for Public Works

Total .

CfiAROES FOR Interest.
On £.70,000 Currency, or £.63,000 Sterling, at 5 per cent, -
Exchange, at 1 1 per cent. .--....

One per cent. Conuniflaioa on Dividenda ....

On £.100,000 Currency, at 6 per cent

Total Annual Charge for Interest •

RECAriTULATIOK.

Amount of Debt, certain >--....
Debt which nuy be incurred in the present year ...

Total Amount of certain and poeaible Debt ....

ANHtlAL CUAROES.

Certain
Possible

Together

Inspector-General's Office, Toronto,")
.May 30, 1840. /

595.

203.!t0S

220
.5(M1

a. d.

12 2i

11 -

826,7it>

21)4,632 II i>\

3,062
2(13

1 1 ,<iM f>

70,000

40,1)111)
60,000

1 70,000 - -

6,000 -

204,632 II 2^
170,000 - -

Currency.

63,152 - 3

9,923 16 II

73,075 17 2

.'>:,n.39 !8 8

8».3,7»9 18 (t

10,49.1 7 5

41,337
413

■ll,7.)0
4,.')!I2

II 10

46,343 8 10

fSterling -
\Currency -

3,140 -
346 10

3,496 10 -
34 19 3

3,431 9 3
5,400 - -

/ .Sterling .
(.Currency .

883,789 18 8

Equal to
in Sterhng,

56,836 16 3
8,931 9 3

64,768 a fi

Total .\niiiunt in
!it<*Ua||.

£ I. d.

1,010,262 6 HI

1,010,919 fl

1,067, b 4 »

10,493 7 4

4»i,34.1 8 10

46,836 16 3
63,152 - 3

143,000 -

8,931 9 3
0,923 IC II

1,067,959 4 9
143,000 - -

1,220,959 4 9

(signed) John

£ i

Macatilny,

liupettnr General,

n ^

PAI'ERS RELATING TO

(C. c.)

rPPER CANADA.

STATEMENT of the Anm/il Charge* for the lKTtRr.«T of the 1'iblic Debt, and of the
lislimaled Annua! Provincial Kxi-enditirp. and Uevenue.

ANNUAL EXPENfDlTURK.

Total Amount of Charge* for Interest of lhe"j
Public Debt, a« per Statement (U.), Biibjeet to I
a diminution on the three items of Debt |
which may be incurred this year - -

Adminiitration of Justice and Support of Civil
fiovernment ..---•

Legislature

Schools

Pensions .------

LighthouscH

Agricultural Societies

Penitentiary

Mihtia Courts-Martial

ANNUAL REVF.NUE.

Proportion of Duties at Qurber -
imports from United Stales - - • .
Licenses and Auction Duly . . - -
Tolls and Hiirbour Dues from Government
Works .......

Interest payable by Private and Incorporated
Companies on Loans and by Macadamized

Roads - -

£-t3>3^0- 7'- " ff- (cMimated receipts from)
Tonnage Duty . - - _ -
Fees on Militia Commissions, Fines, &t.

Ankiai. Dehciencv
The estimated Charges on the Additional Debt
which may be incurred this year (part of
whirh should be returned by payments from
the various Public Works, in proportion to
the advances made to them'), arc

28,.';oo

1 0,(X)0

11,050
3.30*

2,;-,O0

1,000

5,000

300

fio.ooo
1 8,000

1 2,000
2,000

10,000

300
500

134,728 7 8

102,800 -

3>,928

g.O'Ja >fi '-»

Sterling Pollani,
at4i. 6d.

£. I. d.

C5.7C8 5

121,255 10 t;

92.5^0

28,735 10 (i

8,93 « 9 3

Inspector-General's Office, Toronto, \
May30, 1R40. J

(oigncd) John Macaulaif

Inspector-General .

STATEMENT of the Anniiaf. Ciiarc^es for the AnMiNisxRATioN of Justice and Support of the

Civil Government.

Civil Government, per 1 Will. IV., cap. 14: £.

Lieutenant-Governor ---..... 2,000

Three Judges 3,300

Attori-v and Solicitor General ...... 500

Five Executive Councillors ....... 500

Clerk Executive Council 200

Sterling . - £.6,500

Receiver-General's Sf.lary,X- 700 sterling, per 1 Will. IV., tu|; 15 - . .

Inspector-General's Salary, £.3(15 sterling, per 49 Geo. III., cap. 1 3 . . .
Surveyor-General's Returns to Treasurers, per 5;) Geo. III., cap. 7, fay

Adjutant General of Militia, per 2 Vic. cap. (ii) . . . . . Coo

Assistant-General of Militia, per 4 Geo. IV., cap. 27 ..... 200

Contingencies, per 4 Geo. IV,, cap. 7....... g^

Administration of Justice, per 7 Will. IV., cap. 1 :

Two Judges 2,000

Clerks of Assize and Travelling Expcnics .... 1,000

Mcc-Chancellor, per 7 Will. IV., cap. lOf) .......

Annual Grant, per Bill of Supply for 1840 £.16,7-0 4 (i

Les?, Arrears of 1 Say . '. " j',i(j', 1^

* '^ • KutimtU'a at C.IOfor 1840.

Currency.

£.

7.22s 4 r>

777 J.5 B

405 11 I

*^Q - -

885

3.000
1,250

Mi.'iSo II -
«4.»I7 9 -

27,(i()8

riTBLTC WORKS (CANADAh

(K. c.)
UPPER CANADA.

No. I. Statement of puymenli to the Clcrj^j :

Cliurcli of Englund - -

Lc»8. Kstimuled .Sum pnyalili' frniii llie Clergy Fund
Cormeil by Hentsof I.eused Keservc!. Intirtut in Sales,
and Dividends on tlie umuuni ol' proct-ids of Sales,
invested in London ....-.-

Church of Scotland .......

Presbyterian Synod of Uppor Canada . . . -
Metliodiiita .........

Roman Catholic Bishop

„ Prieats

No. a. Charges now by law payable, exclusive of those provides!
for in the Civil List of £75,oix): —
Maintenance of IJglithouses, vaiiahle
<,"lerlc of the Crown in (.'hunccry
Adjutant-General of Militia, Assistant ditto,

gencies of Office ....
Offices of the Legislature ...

Schools

Pensions - . variable

and Contin-

Agricultural Societies ,, - -

P<Iilitia Courts'-martial „ - -

Surveyor-General's Uetums to District Treasui
Provincial Legislative Library

ers-, variable

No. 3. Annual Votes for the Civil Expenditure
Contingencies of the Legislature for 1831),

Currency £.0,801 14 1

Schools

Adjutant-General of Militia, Contingencies of Office

Itepairs of Government House

Printing the Statutes - -

Other (jovernment Printing ---.-.
Casual and Extraordinary Expenses . . . .

Penitentiary ..-.----.

No, 4. Crown Revenue : —

Canada Company (ceases in 1 842) - £
Sales of Crown Lands, Licences (or cutting
Timber, Rents of Mills, Ferries, &c.,
Fines and Forfeitures, Fees on Grants of
Land under certain regulations

Sterling.

20,(X>0 -

10,000

Stcrliaf.

£.

Ct,oitci -

' ..'14"

7(10

700

.loo

1,(K)U

No. 5. Charges on the Crown Revenue to which
the faith of the Crown may be considered as
pledged, viz

Indian Annuitie'j £./;,40,'; currency - - 4,feH4

Pensions - 1,198

Upper Canada College - . . . i ,000

Spear Legislative Council ... ^i^j

Contract School, Toronto - - 418

School at Petersborough .... C7

Lcav !ng

a,20<)

7!»'i

84(;

4,8(k>

()00

^70

3li

0,121

4'J3
l8u
900

j4o

13,924 10 8
4.500 - -

30,000

7.908

22,094

1 ,391 5 tJ

4.440

73»

> 3.070 5 -

18,424 10 8

7,908

Inspector's General's Office,
Toronto, May 30, 1840.

(signed) Julin Macaulai/,

Incpector-Geneml.

595-

f!'

w'i'
ill

I i

PAPERS RELATING TO

(F. f.)

L'lTKK CANADA.

STATEMENT of tlic Duties levied uiiilrr tlic Impkuml Act, i

4th Geo. III. c. 88,

for the Year

li^3<)

turrrncy.

Sterling.

COLLIXTF.D IN I.OWEU CANADA.

£. s. d.

£. ... d.

£. J.

Dutiea on Irnporlan'om by i'va, lucorcilng to
llio Ki'liinis (if tlic limpcctor-Cienfrul of
Lower Cuiiada, viz. : —

Tor tliv Quurtci cndcil April 5, and up tn
May 1 , 1 Sjy

191 f- 5

Ditto July 5 „

\C,A1^ ti 4

Ditto Oct. 10 „

•4.747 !'• 7

3o,3f'7 9 4

Ditto Jun. ,'„ 1840

r„iao 5 8

3o..)<!7 >d -

Cxpciiic» of Cullcction

38 17 8

£.

35.528 17 4

Proportion to Upper Canada, 38 J percent.

13,<>V8 H 3

Deduct j'j) for Sterling ....

1.3G7 17 3

12,310 15 -

• 2,310 J5

COLLECTED IN UPPER CANADA.

Spirits imported from the Unitcii States
into Ui.'l>er Canada, per Returns ended
December 31, 1839, l(),5i3j gallons -

825 13 9

Licences for rvtailini; Spirituous Liquors,
pi-r Returns to January 4, 1840, 1472
at£i. itit, sterling each -

» • •

2,649 la -

3.475 4 9

Estimated Expenses of Collection .

500 - -

a.975 4

Total -

>5.a85 19

Insnectof'General's Office.
Toronto, May 30, 1840.

(signed) John Macaulaij,

Inspector. General.

— No. 4.—

(No. 48.)

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lieutenant-Governor Sir George Arthur,

to Lord John liussell.
My Lord, Goveniniont House, Toronto, 14 Julv 1840.

-..p~.w. .,„,„ I HAVE the honour to transmit for your Lordship's infomiation the cccomnany-

Sir George Arthur mg papers, from which your Lordship will bo j.ut in possession of the steps which
L" Lord John have been taken with a view of attbrdiuff employment to the imraigrcnts who aro

now arrivmg m the province, and ot; at the same time, enabling the Commissioners
of such of the public Morks in this province, as aro likelv to be most beneficial to
the public, to coutmue their oi)erations.

I have, &e.

. --■ (signed) Geo. Arthur.

No. 4.

Dsfpatch from

Russell,
>4July 1840

IH l»I.I( WORKS (CANADA)

Enclosures in No. 4.

.\1>VAN( KS lO PLBLIC WORKS.

No. J.— ruivrrtioi-'icrKral. Qo May 1S40, proposing ihf sii'jert.

1^0, !», — Sir (irorgp .Arthur"'! Ki'ply, ju junr, enclosing lUport nl tlio Extftilive Cininiil, as to tliii
mode in wtiicli tli« kuui rrquired is to be rallied.

Jfo. 3. S'r George Arthur, ^o June, rrpoitinj; the r.rrangnnnits made wilh llic Dank*, unrt t\ :

lustruclicins soiit to tho Coiiiiiiistioiiern of the Works.

Ho. 4. Oovtrnor-Geocral, 30 June, aiiprovii;^ of ihe plan recommended by the Enecutive-Couiicil.

Eiirl. in No 4.

(Confidential.) No. 1.

Sir, (iovernincnt House, Montreal, 20 May 1840.

1 HAVE the honour to transmit to your Exot'llt-ncy cojiits of the reports made to nio by
^Ir. Killaly, the ensrinfer, to whdiii I ;j;:ive directiiin". previous to leaving l'p|)er Canuda, lO
examine into the slate o( .several of tiie puhlic works of that ]irovince, and to report uiMin
♦lie expenditure which, in Ins opinion, would he indispensahly necessary to p.-event their
sullering duriii'^ the pr('S"nt year, and until some settlement of the financial afliiirs of the
province eiial.>led the (iovernment to come to a final dettnuinatiun resjicctinj; future
proceedings with respect to them.

Besides the works upon which Mr. Killaly was sjiecially desired to n |)ort, he has
subjoined a statement upon the Welland ('anal, which, however, I wish to trc it separately,
and shall therefore for the present exclude from consideration.

I advert therefore to the other w(>rks as enumerated in his list.

Mr. Killaly has stated the debts due by the different commissioners upon those works,
for contnicts already perf^ -nicd, and has added to them the sums which in his opinion
appeared necessary as outlay durini; the present year.

With respect to the debts contracted, i am of opinion that the interference of the
Government must depend, first, upon an examination into the authority by which they were
contracted by the Commissioners, and next, if satisfaction be given on that ,.:,■•■'*, U(X)n the
means w hich the Executive possesses under the authority of Parliament for assistinji by the
issue of debentures. Upon some of these works, authority, I believe, is iiiven for the issue
of certain sums by the sale of debentures, without limit as to interest or time, but there
may be others in which no such authority is given, and where the aid needed I'ould only be
afforded by an arrangement that the debentures should be taken at par.

I would therefore suggest to your Excellency the propriety, with regard to the debts, of
causin<j these particulars to be investigated, and then actuig accordingly. It is undoubtedly
desirable that the claims of the contractors should be paid, if possible, and I shall be t;lad
to concur in its being done, if upon examination it be found just, as well us practicable,
to do so.

The most important point, however, is the second reported upon by Mr. Killaly, namely,
the assistance which it is indispensable to afford during the present year to any of these
works. I have on former occasions stated my opinion, that we should not be justified in
increasing the amount of the Upper Canada debt pending ♦'■e union of the two provinces,
with a view to carry onto their full extent the public works be^n in that province, although
authority may have been given by the local legislature for that purpose ; but at the same
time that it is our duty to provide for extreme cases, when either the total cessation of
work might be attended with serious injury to the part already completed, or when the
security for any just expenditure appear undesirable. I feel likewise, that, considerii _, the
amount of emigration to be expected during this season, it is most desirable that a total
cessation of all works heretofore in progress should not take place.

I have accordingly gone over the report, and the papers Nos. 1 and ?,, with Mr. Killaly,
with sreat attention, and have come to the conclusion, after a detailed examination with
him, that, although advances to all the works specified in his list would not be justifiable,
certain advances arc indispensable for some of them ; the following is the result of our
consideration of the matter : —

Johnston Road. — That it is not advisable to advance any thing at present.

Kingston and Napaaee Road. — To advance 5,000/.

Queenslon, ^c, Road. — To advance nothing for the continuance of the work.
West 2'oronto Road. — No advance is proposed for the continuance of the works. The
amount recommended is only the sura owmg, which of course will be considered under the
first liead.

North Toronto Road. — To advance 7,000 /. for new work.

East Toronto Road. — No advance to be made. Mr. Killaly, upon reconsideration, bein^
of opinion that as Kouge-hill CD'..not be completed, it would be inexpedient to make any.
Hamilton and Brantford Road. — To advance the sum of 600/. as reconimended.
Diindas and Waterloo Road. — To advance 5,000/. nr, recommended.
Trent Navi<^ation.— To advance 5,000/., which would cor.iplete Chiiholm's Lock and put
59.5- B,4 **»•

5.O00

7,o<io

(><>o

5,000

r„l>00
33,(>00

PAPEHS RRLATING TO

thn other works in rrpair.ahaiulonii.g tht lock at the mouth of the river, whicli Mr Killaly
coiiHiderH uselfM. , . r ■ 1 ,

On thcM works therefore there would l)e an iidviince to 1«' made, exrliinive of the debts,
if paid, of 'i-2,nwl., which I would su).'uei.t should l)e out of the i^sue o« dehentureK, il
authorized hy the AetK, the Iteceiter-iienerHJ, or by un iirrani;oment with the banks and the
CominiHsioners that the defjentureshhould be taken lit par.

l»e(ore <iuittin« the Hubjeet of thi- macadamized roads, I would, however, Ix-i; to call your
Kxcellencv's attention to the instructions which I fjave verbally to the Attorney (Jenenil,
bef.jre my departure, for causing iiiimediuU- steps to be taken f..r calliii.,'on the districts to
make k,«kI the dehciency in interest due upon the provincial advances to them as
recommended, ano w:re taken credit for in the Te\wn ol the tniance Committee ol last
session. I think it highly jirobable that the Commissioners may not be inclined to hasten
what must be iindoiib'tedly an unpopular work ; but it seems to me absolutely necessary
that the iwwers i;iven under the Acts should be enforced without any delay, and I would
recommend that immediate steps should be taken by the proper authorities in the Govern-
ment for so doin^. ,,,,... > • , ,

I now come to the consideration of the Welland (.anal, lor reasons 1 have already
stated, i should be unwillins: to authorize any advance to the Commissioners beyont' what
may be absolutely indis|>ensable ; nor do I deem it advisable that works •■ho.ild be undertaken
which would decide at this time the scale on which the canal is to be carried on, which would
be done, if an outlay like that applied for by Mr. Merrill and the Commissioners were
sanctioned ; still lis^^ •<liould I consent to money being raised by the Commissioners on their
own vesponsibility with some fresh bankers in London, such an operation would complicate
still more the hnnncial cimcerns of the province, which are already more than sutlicientlv
involved. But with a view to enable the works to proceed rapidly ne.\t year, before whicl-.
time of course, a hiial decision must be taken as to the scale to be adopted, I should not
refuse to advance such a sum as might enable the materials to be got out at this season of
the year, with a view to their being worked up in the winter, — an object as I am told of great
importance ; that I should consider a legitimate advance. It appears that a credit exist*
under the Act of 1B.1U, sanctioned by the Queen, to the extent of 15,000/. to be raised by
(lcl>eiitures ; and 1 am informed that by the advance of this sum the necessary preparations
could be made ; I should therefore recommend that an advance of debentures to this extent
should l)e permitted, under a lear understanding with the Commissioners that it was to be
devoted to the preparation of mateiiaU.

I beg to submit these considerations to your Excellency, and to say that, if you concur in
them, I shall be hajjpy to see tlieiu carried into effect with as little delay as possible.

His Excellency Sir Geo. Arthur.

I have, &c.,
(signed) C. Pouletl Thomson.

r \

(Confidential) No. 2.

Sir, Government House, Toronto, 20 June 1840.

I HAVE the honour to acknowledgi the receipt of your Excellency's despatch of the 20th
ult., upon the subject of the debts at ) resent due by the different Commissioners of the Public
Works for contracts already perforn ed, and of the assistance which it is indispensable to
afford to some of these works during the present year. I immediately brought the subject
under the consideration of the Execui ve Council, and beg to forward to your Excellency a
copy of the report on it which has bet 11 made by that board.

1 have concurred in the view taken >y the Council in preferring to raise the sum requisite
for affording the assistance to the exteii'. suggested in your Excellency's despatch, by loan,
rather than by the issue of debentures. Under the present circumstances of the credit of
the province, great embarrassment woulc ensue from a sale of debentures in this country ;
and a sale, no doubt, even to the extent required for these advances, could only be effected
upon very disadvantageous terms. On the other hand, the plan proposed will enable the
Governnient to proceed with the contemplated works ; and sufficient time will be afforded
to Her Majesty s Government, before the repayment of the loan will be required, to adopt
measures for arranging the finances of the country.

In furtherance of the plan, I have taken steps to obtain, by loan from the banks, the sum
of 40,000/. in four montlis ; 10,000/. in each of the ensuing' months of July, August, Sep-
tember and October, to be repaid, with interest, at the rate of 6/. per cent, per annum, at
the end of six months from the date of each advance. In this way, I hope to be able to
carry out the suggestions of your Excellency, so far as regards the advances which have
been recommended to be made during the present season, as they ar^ indispensably
necessary.

Thee is also at the disposal of the Governnient, at present, an additional sum of 2,000/.,
which, having been rvmlized by the sale of school lands, has been invested in debentures for
the service of the Welland Canal. This sum will, therefore, be available in part payment
of the 15,000/. api^ropriated to the Welland Canal.

With respect to the debts at present existing on account of public works, although it
seema to be of the greatest importance t' at some arrangement should be made for their
liquidation, yet the means of raising .iie funds must, in a very great degree, depend upon
the gen:-itil financial measures to be adopted,

I have

(,>

Killaly

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

I harp proccedecl, ir each imlividual ca»e, to niako an examination into the aiithoritv l>y
which till" (li'bt ha* bfi n conlractnj hv the ('ommisitiDnor?., und the means p»s.-M-»*od liy tlie
exfcutivp, umlcr the aiithoi.ty ')f Paihanieut. for ititsiAtiMt; iheni by the insue ol" dobeiitureii.
When tins examination is r jmplrlfii, 1 shall be able to consider each case u|hiii •» ,iwn
merits.

The Hume ubiection, though perha{>8 not qui e tu the same extent, would «eem to anpiv to
the (laynient <i( thi-sc debts by t\w i>sue of del>entures, an to the raiding of money by that
means for iIr' purpus*^ of proceediiii; with the vorks.

Ste[)^ have been taken lor calliiit; uixiii the t.'istricLs to make i;iK>d their s«'venil ai rears of
interest due upon the proviiieial advances ; but U'l satiitfactory conclusion has U-en arrived
aL 1 am mucli afraid, as the law at present stands, that there will Ix* threat dilhculty in
obtaining j>«.cuiiiary aid to the r«?«ources of the pwviiice by those means.

I propos<- to cause the director^ of the Wellaiid Canal Company to be informed that the
Goveninieiit have made arrangements to advance to tlieui the sum of l.'>,i)iii)/., bv a paynietit
of 5,oooA in each ol the months of Auj;u>l, September and OctolH-r, for the pur|M<.s<! merely
of pettin^ out aud [jrepiirini; the materials, so as to enable the works to Ije rapidly proceeded
with next year; aud tne Government directors have also l)een instructed that the udvaiiei' i-.
to l)e applied to the prepaiation of the materials, and that nothing i>- to be done by which
either the site of the canal, or the scale iiereafter to be adopted, are to be compromised.

The Right hon. C. Poulett Thomson, I have, &c.

kc. 6u:. kc. (signed) Geo. Arthur.

Memobandum.

2 June li^in.
TiiR Lieutenant-Governor besrs to lay before the Executive Council, foi their informution, an a
the two accompai.yinii despatches received from the Governor General upon the very ~~-?2^'«»i
important subject of immi|;r&tion, and the means of employment to be aflordcd by public
works, and will be plad to receive a communication of the sentiments of the Council upon the
best means to be adopted for carrying into eU'ect the recommendations of the Governor
General.

By command,

(i-.gned) S. B. Harrison.

Minute transmitted to the Receiver-General.

In Council, 4 June 1M40.

It is proposed by his Excellency the Lieutenant-Governor, for the consideration of the
Executive Council —

Ist. That a sum of money, of from l."),000/. to 3.5,000/., should be raised for certain
indispensable expenditure upon public works durina; the present season ; the principal work
upon which the outlay is considered of the greatest importance l)eing the VVelland Canal.

2d. The Act of the Provincial Parliament, '1 Vict., c. 72, authorizes a sale of debentures,
without limitation of terms, for the works therein si)ecified.

The Council desire your opinion of the effect of a sale of debentures under this Act, at
present, upon the provincial credit ; whether you think money can be raised in tb"s manner,
-and at wha»"ate, and whether you could prudently draw in anticipation of a sale, provided
it should be ordered.

3d. '.Jan you propose uny plan by which a temporary advance can be obtained ? Do
you think the banks would make the advance, and upon what terms ?

I have

Receiver-General's Office, Toronto,
Sir, 5 June 1840.

In reply to the Minute in Council of the 4th instant, in relation to the raising of
35,000 Z. for certain indis|)ensable expenditures upon public works during the present
season, and requiring to know from me the effect of a sale of dcl)entures under the Act
of the Provincial Parliament, 2 Vict. c. 72, and whether money can be raiseu in London,
and prudently drawn in anticipation of a sale of these debentures, or any plan by which a
temporary advance can be obtained, I have the honour to report, for the information of th.;
Honourable the Executive Council, that I consider the sale of debentures at this moment
impracticable in London. From the last accounts from that citv, debentures were only
worth about 83 /. for 100 /. debenture. That Messrs. Baring, Brothers & Co. held, I
think, about 44,000 I. belonging to the province, and they state that no sales could be
effected, and this rate was nominal. No debentures can be issued here payable in EngU d,
without previously obtaining the sanction of some house, where the interest and principal
can be made payable on the face of the debentures. The objections made by Messrs. Baring,
Brothers & Co. to a similar proceeding on the part of the Local Government, some years ago,
are, I have no doubt, fresh in the recollection of the Honourable the Council. The iniurinus

5()5. J? ' effect

«,<

Biii

'I i

I! i

r I

I'AI'KKS KKI.ATI.NG TO

rWirt of it on fhc rrrdit of thii provinrc, ami the po^ilivc rcfiK^iil of lli;il linmc U'lnir miidn
iiiirtlrs to lriiti-:irllriiis l)y ii>^iiii,' llirlr iiiiii«,' uitlii.iit |>iTMlis-^j(ili. 'Ilii' lioiiscs to whom 1

li;ivc uHch.'-scI invscif oil ociii-<ioiH f'T \'<:t\\> iin iiriiil>ly n iiiiiirijil tlw priuticc adojitcd hy

olh.r (oiinlrio, of iniikiii'4 coritnn l< tlirowjli ii'.'i'til* ii|ipi>iiili'(l (or thai |>iir|)o.f, wht-ii rc'liT-

nicr ciiii !)•■ hiiil for iiiroriiiiiti. 1 thr spot, and triiii-iulioii-. at onrc made liiial. I hiivo

found liiv^ilf liom praclicc that this i" the h("*t iiiomc, uiiil '^ivcs coiitichrici; to spcndators,
and Oil' piililic (Very advanlai;"- I'V mvilnn: foiiijii-titioii, and the a'^clits cvtMtionH und infiir-

inalioii on >uKjc( I- «hi< li 1 Id not he readily done l>y corrospciiidi'iu'c. I think that ifthe

Council should dircrt dchcnturcH to lie made and tniiisrnittcd to >mh London houw us tlicy
mall please to name, that no draft coidd he drawn upon the anticipation of sali? without
iiicurrins; ;;reat und heavy roponsihility of having the dnd'ts returned, to the <;rtat injury of
the credit of the (loverninent, tocretlicr with a serious loss and disa|i|ioiMtment to the parties ;
and ."houlil the dnifls meet due honour, the hanks knowing under wlint terms the dmftM were
drawn wnuld L;ive little or no jiremiiim on evclmn>je for the same. l?nder all these circiini-
staiii'es I cannot recommend the issue of delientures payahle in l.omlon. I am quite satis-
tied that ileln-ntures [layahle in this province at (i per cent, cannot lie sold at present.

I thmk that the <"isual and territorial revenue will he enahled to advance ll),(MMi /. cur-
n"ucv, without any inconvenir'uce, imless there are unusual demands on that finid, which I
iim not aware of. I have no dimlit of lieiui; iihle to raise •JO.iiOo/. tliroii;.;h the hanks, pay-
ahle at ill! days, at the rate of (> pe,- cent, per annum, and perhaps at the expinitioii of that
periiMl a further time of on or tin days more, which will afford the Government an opjmr-
tiinity hefore the pavnient liccomes due, to iiei;otiate such part or the whole of the uniount,
inider the law of the 'i \'ict. e. 7J. on such terms as may he more favouiahle than at the
present time, hv which means the loans made as recommended ! contemplate may he
li(|uiilated, aii<l also to refund any advancers from the casual and territorial revenue.

The enclosed is a return showing the amount of jiiihlic monies in my hands on the 4th
instant in the res|)eetive fmuls, and a summary of llie casual and territorial revenue,
umuuntine; to l,'i,8;lii/. (i«. id., and 1,0^3/. Ids. id. on all the other funds.

I have, &c.
VV"> H. Lee, Esq. (signed) Jo/iii ti. Dunn, U.G.

Act inf^ Clerk, Executive Council.

STATtMP.NT of the PfnMC Fi'Nos, ns extracted fiom the Hooks in the Hccciver-Gencral's

OHIce, on the ttli .lime IHIO.

FUND,

N Advance.

On I

Iani).

STIKLINC.

cunuExcv.

STEnLIN(

'•

CUnRENCY.

£.

</.

£. s. d.

£. s.

£. 1.

15.

Provincial Hcvcnue -

1,798 10

318

Canada Company

•

()8,i83 10

.'.i

Clergy ...

2,7.31 lO

Crown Lands •
School >\'M -

530 5
>.»77 3

C-isual and 'I'-Tritorial

84,407 1

«'n\

I„

Ijiiv Society

. . a

118 11

WW.

War Losses

...

., _

1.507 -

Interest on IXbenturcs

■

4.7.03 »0 lij

Militia Pension!.

i.^W 14 ij !

84,407 1

8.JV,,

C>33<) n li

()8,l82 10

:.^

7.953 «>

l)i).378 11

3i,-^„

1
1^3.785 13 -I

',) lo,y()y a

4J,'„

£.

109,091 13

•Oi'v

loo.i.^j 4 iL;/

117,045 -
100,125 4

5,^

Total on

hand (

jn the 4th Juno 184

o(ES.) -

. £.

iG.gig 16

SUMMAUY.

Balunce in the several Crown Funds, arising fromi f. s. d.

the sale of Crown Lands, &c. - - . .J 98,05915 3J St?.

Advance to Casual and Territorial Fund - . 84,407 1 8f' '

£.14.25'.' 13 7t,i Stg. equal to £. 15,836 C i\ Cur'J
£.5,083 »o »

Hal-incc rtmaining in the other Funds collectively in currency

Total Amount of Public Money in the Rccciver-General's hands, 4 June 1840 - - £. 1(5,919 iC 34 Cufr-

Truly Extracted.

(bigntd) li. Tiiri/unml,

t>eiir. Clerk, U. (i. O.

llocciver General's Office,

Toronto, 5th June 1840.
(signed) Jaliii II, Dunn, R. G.

I'UUI.IC WORKS (('ANAI»A\

Executive Council CliaiiilHi. ToroiiUi, Tursilay, Ki Jmit 1810.

Present ;
Th.- H iiK.urul)!.' liniiKiiT Haldwin Sii.i.ivAN, Frosuling Ccmiicillor.
1 „ \\Hli;iiii Alliill.

. j, Williuin Hiury Diiiiht.

„ Uiilmnl Alr\;'iinl(i Tuckpr.

To Ills lAix-llency Sir (leori/e Arthur, k. r. ii., l.ii utriinm-Guveriior of tlii; rrovinci' of

L'|)|H.T (Jaaailii, &c. iSci'. A;c.

Miiv it please your F.\eei!eiu-v,
TiiK KxtHiilive Coiiiuillinve liin fdlly coni.i<lere(l the niimite tiaiisn'itled l.y Mr. seore-
tary Harrison, with an accoiiiiianvinu d'-patili from his Kxeellciiey ihe <ioveriior.(!eiieral,
on "the s.iil>ji'ct of ihe Piihhc Works in this proviiiir, uiul rriatiiii; to the iii.ans of ol)taiiiiii{,'
mo lev for the |mri)os<' of |)ro(c<(iiii'.' "ith eertain of thciii diinni: this suiiiiiier.

i'lic'' ull.iitioii of till- C.iiiiuil IS ill the fir>l |>!!ue (hivctcd to the |.roviiRlal -tatiite jmssed
in the s«'s>ioii iipfore the last, to uhieh the I'.oyal A-seiil was prounilualed .-Kith Jaiuiary
1840, iiilituUd, " All Aet to atlord fiiitlur facilities to iiei;c)tiate UilM'iitiiivs for the eimijile-
tion of I'libl' Works."

»y this Alt it is provided, " That it sliiill and iiiav he lawful for Her Majesty's Receiver-
tieueral, by and with the consent of the l.ieuteiiaiit-Govenior ef this Province in Council, to
sell and dispose of the pidilic delKlitiiics of tins province, row aiitlioii/ed liy lav to he
issued, to the he> t advantage, in order to realize the several sunn heri'hy api)ropnated during
the present year, viz. —

" For finishinij; the St. Lawrence Canal

" For luiildiiis: a >liip Lock at Dunnville, and providing; Materials for the
VVellan(rt;aiial --------

" For the (iraiul River Navigation, the sum of

" For the .Johnstown District Roads -----

" For the Queeii-ton and (irimsliy Road . - - -

" I'or the Road north of tlie City of Toronto - - -

" For the Road west of the City of Toronto - - - -

" F< r the Ro:id east of the City of Toronto - - - -

" l"or the eoiitiniiiition of the lin[)ioveni( at of the River Trint
" For the Credit Harbour -------

" In uU -

And, " That the anionnt of dcl)entui<'s rcrjuired hv this Act now authorized to he issued
for tiie construction of tiu; foii;j,'oiii'4 works, ])iiyahle in this province, shall he made pay-
able in F'nu:land, any thing' in any Act to the contrary iiotwilli>laii<lini;."

I'reviously to the passing of this Act, money could not legally he raised, unless at the
rate of interest mentioned in tlu; Act, and the public bonds could not be sold under j)ar.
The oi)jcct of the Legislature ajipears to be to relax this rule in favour of the ])ublic. works
mentioned in the Act, so that inoiicy niiL;lit be obtained on the easiest terms which the
state of the market would allow, should the operati<;u be considered proper by the Governor
in Council.

The state of the jjrovince its internal disturbances and the foreign aggressions under
which it sutlered, the incomplete slate of all the public works, the want of revenue
arising therefrom, the want of provision of means to pay the interest u|Kin the public debt,
which it was originally supposed would have been met by the income arising from the
public works, the absorption of the whole current revenues of the province in iiavuient of
interest, and in the expenses of the administration of Government, and the large sums still
rcjpiircd annually for the construction of improvements far excicding the orii:inal estimates,
and the crisis in financial and monetary uiluirs in the Uniteil States, which atlected tlie
value of all American securities, combined to depreciate and render unsaleable the jiublic
debentures of the province.

When this state of atliiirs began to press upon the Government, and before thesi; cir-
cumstances all united in rendering the raising money impracticable, uianv urgent a]i|)li-
eations were made to the Executive Government by the Couimissioners employed on the
]Uiblic works, praying for money to be raised according to the j)rovisioiis of the various
Acts of the Provincial Parliament passed for that purpose, and represeiiliiiir in the
strongest terms the loss that would accrue to the public were the works suddenly sus-
pended as well on account ef tiie breach of contracts into which the Commissioners had
enterer'., as from the dilapidations which the works would sutliir if not j)laced in a state of
prese' »ation, if not of completion.

It being supposed, as it afterwards proved, impracticable to dis)>ose of public debentures
at the legal rate in England, and the failure of the house of 'llionias Wilson & Co., of
Loudon, having deprived the Government of the use of the large sum in their hands, an
Act of the Provincial Parliament was passed on the 11th July ih;i7, at a special session
summoned for the consjideration of urgent affairs relating to finance and bankint; ojirrations,
by which Act it was provid ^d, that it should be lawful for the Lieutenant Governor of the
^,()^. • y 2 Province,

£.

.'ill,IIIM)

the

l,'),O0ll

rj,.")(i(i

."i(iii

iii,.i .■>.■>

!l,(l(l(t

7,0(10

1,0110

12,000

T.'iO

£.

1 -21, no. 5"

PAI'KRS RELATING TO

Province, by an<l willi thp «<lvu<- of the Ilxrinlive Council, to aiilhorixp tlw imuc in the
nroviiue of ilcWiitiirof, |iaviiM<- m Lmilon. to the amount which nnuht iw rpmiirra for
the piirpotse of nmknm the wvpral niiicaduniiwd imd* uuthorireil by the U-uislature, at
L-ual intcrr-t of :. per cent., or if the payniPiit wan to be in the prjjvince, - •»-

the

f)rov

at the

rati- of n ixT cent. Thin Act also .'xlciulcd to provide for the r< pnirii alid completion
f)f the Welland Canal, no far an the dii.char/in'; the tlebtn due, and the keepin"; the name

ill repair. , , i i

The ellect of thin Act wan to make it the interent of the banking in»titution» in the
province to offer for the del)enliire» at pur. Iiy which means they hud the udvanlJiue c.t
the exchange on London, at the time very hich, which was expected to cover any rate of
depreciation at which the delx-ntiirc» might wll in London.

The Council arc, however, informed, that a consideriible iium m theiie debentures remain in
the handi tif the banks iiiinold to this day.

When the Receiver-neneral returned to this province, be haviiip: been abnent in London at
the time of the passing of the Act, he complained of the transactum as a tosinp one to the
(invrrnment. .

It appeared to be no at the time of passinjj the Act, and also at the time of the unle of thn
debentures to the Imnks, but the Parliament connidered it absolutely necessary that money
should l)e raised, and only >;"«■«■ t'''" '""^^ ^Y **'•"" '' *^°"''' ''"S;'''')' ^'^ «lo"*. ""'ess deben-
tures were saleable at |)ar in the London marke»

U|x)n tile recommendation of the Receiver-general, and upon the cxhib'iion of complaintu
on the (nirt of the house of Uarinj;. Brothers 8t Co., of the increase of the public debt
without their beinj; informed of the transaction, and particularly of their LeiDK made
acents for the payment of the interest, without their previous consent, v»hich in fact only
the urgency of the case could justify, sales of debentures in the province were discontinued,
and a sum of «U,ooo/. of public Iwnds were directed to be traiminitted to London on account
, of the following works :

Welland Canal £. 40,000

Three York Roads 9,000

Johnstown District Roads -.---- fl,000

Queenston and Grimsby Heads . - - - - 5,000

the Receiver-general giving it as his opinion, that the proceeds might be immediately
realized, by drawing against them. The Receiver-general, however, did not draw upon those
proceeds, but advanced monies raised by the previous sale of debentures to the banks for
other works, and particularly for the Trent Navigation, the sale for that purpose having
been inn<'.e to the commercial bank.

Al ♦!•« event prced, the not drawing upon the proceeds of the debentures transmitted to
London was prudent and fortunate, as the amount has remained unsold in the hands of the
ageius, except in so far as 'hey disposed of them under par, for the purpose of repayin^^
themselves in part for their advances on account of the interest upon the public debt.

The bankb having been partly induced to risk the purchase of debentures at par from a
wish to forward public works in which their locality made them interested, complained of
the appropriation of the money for other purposes, and the people interested in the comple-
tion of the works complained that the raising money by sale to banks, which they nad
induced the banks to negotiate, had not been available for the intended purposes.

Thus it is shown, that, in fact, the only means of raising money to meet the public
exigencies at the time was the sale to the banks, and upon that depended, not only the
demands for the works intended to be provided for by the sale, but also the disbursements
intended to be provided for by means of^ the transmission of debentures to London.

At present, as has been above detailed, the debentures thus transmitted remain unsold in
London.

The highest prices reported by the London agents of late has betn 8.1 per cent, or 17 per
cent, under par, and moreover, this pnce was stated to be merely nominal, or, in other words,
it was supposed that the debentures would not maintain nearly that price were extensive
sales attempted.

1 he London agents, Baring, Brothers & Co., and Glynn &. Co. are stated to be considera-
bly in advance for payments of interest upon the public debt.

Matters continuing in this condition since the year 1837, the public works have been
suspended, and the necessity for further sums of money appears to be most pressing.

The only remedy proposed by the Legislature is a forced sale of the debentures, with the
approval of the Lic-tenantGovemor in Council ; and his Excellency the Governor-General
seems willing to acc'le to this measure to the extent stated in the despatch before the
Council.

The necessity of providing some immediate emp.oyment for the labouring population
coming into the province, as well as the great public benefits which would accrue from the
continuance of the works proposed to be provided for, form the inducements leading to his
Excellency's favourable opinion of this plan.

The great increase of income from the Welland Canal realizing the expectations of its
projectors as to the immense importance of the work, is a very strong reason for the imme-
diate commencement of preparations to place the work in a permanc.t state of efficiency ;
the continual dilapidations which the insufficiency of the present work causes, and tne
expensive repairs necessary to keep it open, make the canal improfitable, and there is too
much probability that it cannot long be continued in a state to be used, unless the locks
shall be constructed in such a manner as to be permanent.

nly

H'(l,

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA). 45

It i» »liile<l hy prmonn who hnvr warnilv iiitPmiti'<J thoiniiflvpii in tlie Wrilanti ('ana', that
it« (>rr«iMit [iri)«|N-t tH HIT Hii Hatlcniii tliiit tlicrc wixild Ix- no ilitht iilty in (li*|M>»ini; nf
ilrlM'iit>ii-i'it for tlio riiinplrtiiiii of thu, work ii|miii iIsi hwii cn-tiit, iiiiii |)mii|ir('li« nl In mg
pre iitalilr.

riip HiiiKiintH |)ri>|K)<u^l to Im* r\|irn(lp(l in tht- ni»riiiliinii/i-<l roaiU will, of niiirup, iilti>
niH'fly Ix' |ir<ivi<l('(l tor hy lorul tiiXHtHin, ilthr tolln kIichiIiI ix' IoiiikI intiirticipnt. Tln' nnuU
Hri> (iiimil to 1)0 ot'cHMt iiikI niiiniroNt public utility, nnii now tlint tlii> iK'nrtitA iiriHiiiK t'roni
thiMK arc px|x'ripiife(l, little ililhciiltv iu'<mI be n|i)irfhpnili'(l in iiicrtiii-j; the nrrcHMiry (li«-
hiirH/'iiicnl' by loral taxation, evi'ii li' the IoIIk kIiouIiI Im Inimil inoiillicii'iit tor that |mr|xiHr.
Hut uhcii tlip Council roiiteiii|ilate the linannal Klatr ot the |iroviii('e cem-riiilv, the dii-
n|)|Miiiituii'iits (>\|x-rx'iu'ft all ('alciilatioiiH hitlu rto inadp of reiuiburi'enirnt troin
the worlm tliriii»clvr«, the ^:r('.^t dithculty iii'.il even ini|M>H!iibility of iiu-rtiii|; the iiitereHt
ii|N)ii the jjublii- debt, without a new Dvxteni of tiimncial arranp'tiirnt and the ini|Mmiti()n of
new tuxes, which the Legislature only can accomplish, they greatly apprehend the eonse-
<jueneesof a forced Kule of delientures for any purixise, iiiitil the i;enenii credit of the province
hhall 1)0 r«'-i'»tubiislied ; for its re-estublihhment, liow> ver, they look with the greatest ron-
fidence to the first session of the united Ix'gislature ; for if certaii available and tangible
means shall )>c provided to meet the interest upon the public debt, anil if the pros|ieetii of
reimbursements from tiic public works shall Ix' rei^arded as a means of relief from taxation,
rather than as a intxie of meeting; certain vearly demands, there can be no reason why the
credit of these provinces should not stanu fully as high ns that of any [>art of America.

However encouragin); this |iruspect may be to the Council, it cannot he extx'cted, while a
mere prosix-ct, to affect the money market; but an attempt to force a sale of Jelx'ntiireR may
altogether fail under present circumstances, while it would appear to the liolilers of public
r-'>curitics tn arise from a determination, by all means, to increase the public debt without
ll necessary provision for itx nepayment, either in princifial or interest : and while those so
interested would complain with much justice of the endangering and jeopardizing the debts
due already by the increasing the public burthens without increasing the powers of Ix'aring
them, as well of the actual and immediate depreciation which a nale of new debenturi^s at
any nrice they would fetch would cause to the whole of the public securities, it apixiars to
the Council that it would be unwis<! for any tcm|iorary purpose to incur the risk whicii would
arise from such a measure of |>ermanently injuring the credit of the province, and of rendering
future important financial operations difficult or impracticable.

The Council thought it right on the submission of this matter to obtain the opinion of the
Receiver-general on the subject, uiid accordingly addrcssicd to him the minute hereto
appended.

The Council feel dis|)osed to concur in the opinion of the Heceivcr-genenil so far as to
advise the obtaining an advance from the I'rovincial Hanks in preference to a forced sale of
del)entures.

They advise this measure in the full confidence they have already expressed that the
Legislature will provide certain means of mooting tiie interest upon tht. ])ublic debt at its
next meeting, after which the debentures niav l)c disposed of at their full value without any
injurious erfect npon the public credit. Tiie extent of outlay to be made upon public
works will be then ascertained, and the public creditor may calculate with certainty upon
the security of his investments, if this confidence on the part of thi- (Council should happen
to be mistaken, the raising money by any means whatever will have been most unfortunate,
but the same means of repaying the banks will still exist that are now pro|M>8ed to be used
for raising the money.

The Council are of opinion that the banks should be requested to make tlie requisite ad-
vances with the assurance of repayment within six months from the present time ; the money
is not wanted immediately, and it will require that time in all probability before a sale of
debentures will be advisable. The batiks will probably be influenced in making the advance
by a desire to promote public undertakings which they approve of, and therefore it may be
considered a good criterion from whence to judge of the policy of advancing a public work,
the readiness of the several banks to loan the money, they knowing the respective purposes
to which it is to be applied.

The Council therefore respectfully recommend, that the Receiver-general be authorized to
procure from the banks of this province or of Lower Canada a temporary advance, to be
repaid with interest at per cent, for the following purposes : —

1st. For providing materials for the completion of the Welland Canal
as a permanent work, the money to be expended strictly in providing
these materials and in conveying them to the places where they will
probably be required ; nothing, however, to be done which would
settle the dimensions of the canal, or make alterationg necessary
upon the final adoption of any dimensions .... - ^.15,000

For continuing the macadamised road between Kingston and Napanee 5,000

North Toronto road ......... 7,o<iO

Hamilton and Grantford road .--..-.- 600

Dundas and Waterloo road ........ 5,000

For the Trent Navigation, i.e., for the completion of Chisholm's
Rapids, and for the repair of other works, aciandoning the lock at
the mouth of the river --....-.. 6,000

£.37,600

59,5- f 3 — ^— ^^

-■*//<*,

•r

1 .

PAI'KKS KKLATINC In

A.n-ut.Utl....- N»..rl-..l.. M.rr.lv I.K;.lilmr,..l.T. mtli wliuli tl.r dil.i-nil IuikI- -I (li-
IIMII.-.I prnviii..' ...liil.l I...I ulliMMl. Iv I- !«• ' li <'U. 'I. III.- (J'.ui.nl i.n .. «|).> Ki.lly ol .>|.MM.rti

thut 111.' .....nl- n,..l.- ..I .■l.ar:;inL' llf *vli..lr ii|-.iitlM- «|.ar.ilr .l..lri.t- I.V ^r'.. If |.r..».M..ii.,

uii.l l.v ailu.illy laymtr ■' ^'l M*''' < ■'' »'"•'". ''> ''"l'"'V'> "' ''" .';""';'.}''"-': ."'''■:

will Im- tllr iinxl'nriirtualili iinil rii»y iiKxii: of mt
ami 111 nlicviii:; llii- uin.r.il liini.ms. 'Ilir pr.-fiil

iTliriir^ iIh'
|>ri>>i«ii>ii
Hrrfiir* i)f mliTi-Hl iii~.li lilt- <li«triil' .ipixar* 1.. !>.■ Iii'j:IiIv
< '(imiui«»ii>ii.T-.ar.' Ill tin- lii-t (.l.i.-.' Ti-i\un

iiiMii.'iit (it till' iiitrrcKt

)V littv liir c'Iiiii;iiil; iIii-

III! iiiiv.'iiii'iil. III.' 'I rii»t. .'■« Ill

.-.1 1.1 j.'vv ."iilli.-iciit t..lU ti> ui.rl III.' yi ally iiitii.'«l.

il 1. 1 (l)«.li»r.'.' ill.' iiriiiii()al »iiiii li.arnm

I III u fcitaiii ihhhImi oC yi/.ii*. Scc'.m.lly, l.»
'riiinlly, til i>|<|.ly (or llif Ifvy

lux in lift li> IIh; Uincretliili

iiuv oviT III.- t..ll« t.) till- Kro'inr-u.-li.ral loi tlial |.iii|m.h.-. Ill
of II I.M-al tax t.i 111.-. I till- arnarn. l-oiirtlily, tli.- lavm-^ on tin-
i>f till- |.K-al aiitlmrili.-"..

Tlif (.illowiiii; luiilu *<'<Mn aiipuriiit on tliiK »yiit<;iii: —

|.t Mmli .if llip iiiitlny i* iiicitrri-d, nml iiitero-it l»-<-..mi-* .in.-, I.rfon- any tnlK run (>.■
I.vi.il. anil l.in^' U-f.iri- lliry fiin aiii.>iMil tn a >.iillii-i.iit ^iiiii f.T llir |iiir|..>»cs ronU-m-
iilutr.l'; i-uii>.ii[iii-iitlv till- iiit.n -t is nmni.liatcly ami m r. ,>arily in arrear.

•Jil. 'I'lii' II. .iivir-(!fii.nil i> iM.im.l liv tlic .l.lMiitiirr-* in in., t tin- intrrt-sf «lirn ii
tic<"imi.- ilii.-, allli.Miuli th.- Ad |il.-.l.;i»'llii- iin.viini! .ally alt.-r ..tliiir m.aiis «liii'i liax-
faii.-il. Tlif- imlilii- riv.iiui-* art- tliiin hiinl. iml "itli an i \|>«Miilitiiic ii.it |ir.iviilr I fur.

:iil. Slnmlil till- 'rrii^tiT-i wli.) iln ii.il ki r|) tin' |mlilic ariniiiitH miiit In rr|,.irt t,.r Mini
n-ri'ivcil ii.it siillifiiiit f.ir till- |iiir|K>-.', tlif Ki-ii iv.r-( i. iii-imI, wli-i tii-i kn.iw-. tin- fad iil
till- iii»ii(Hriin<-y iif till- aitmiiiits r.rciuil liy Imn, lia-* im aiitlinrity l.i apply tiir tlu- li-vy
of a lax ; anil -luiiilil tli.' .Miii;lslr,i!i's in Qimrtpr Srsiti.<iii» lU't ll\mk lit t.i ili-i-ri-i; a iirw
usscHHiiu'iit, tlu- pulijii' tinaiu-r^ tiiilfir.

The Cniinril nr.- of opinion, that tlm law kIioiiM B|)ocify liow low; iIh- inti rent nlKiiild lip
pni.l .lilt of the priiii-ipal liorrowcil, if at all : it sli.mlil ni-xt hjM'cify when a rati- sli.iiiM com-
nirmrl'ir tlio piiriKi-w-of iiKt-tinu llir iiilcn-t.iin.l tin- K\ri-iiti\i-(iiinniiiit iil, wIiom- Imismk-s*
It iit to Nco lliiit the public linaiices urc not liurilciit-<l iiupmiHTly, slioiilil statr tin- am. '11111 of
the rate.

'I'll.- intcn-st sli.iiild In- prnvi.jrd oiii- yrar in a.lvaiu-r ; that i< to say, lliiic should hi- cer-
tain ini-ans pnivid.-il within tin- yi-ar t.i iiirrt tin- intcrrst loillii' i-oiuiiii; Vtar, itiid tin- rati-
should rciiM- loi till' coining year upon thr Hi (■(•i\cr-(.ii-nrral r('|Mirliii'_c that In- had a siilli-
cicnt sum in his hands unsiini fimn tolls to inrd thi- iii-xt yiar's iiiti-r.-«t, anil the pi.ipir
pro|><irtion of prini-ipal, as i.aiti-niphitiil liy the Ad. 'Ihus tin- iiioncy would ho always liirlh-
t-omiii'.;. and tlitMoiiliiiiial ii-i-iirri-iu'i- of payiiiints from thi' Licinral funds of the proviliip, or
fr.ini llio prini-ijinl sum horrowi-d, would Ik> iivoidi-d, and the local security wouH bucuino
iiniiU'diatrly availalilo and ctii-ctivr.

This plan may he illu-tiiilcd hy the following hypothesis: —

Till' iiihahitaiits of a district are ih-sirous to raise money upon the publi<' seeuritv, or they
ha>e raisi.'d it in this luaiiiii-r t<>r a niacadaiiii/.ed road ; tin- amount may he staled at ID.OUO/.
Two years may he allowed without calciilatiiii; upon the tolls, duriiii; which time the iiitert'st
may he jiaiil out nf the jirincipul honowed.

If within these two years a suH'icieiit sum should ha]ipcii to he received fi.r tolls to meet
the full payment of the interest, and U; pro|«i|-tioti of the priiici|ial, «uy !i:i;t/. ii5. Sr/., hiiiI
that this sum should he in the hands of the Kceeiver-fJoneral, no rate need lie levied for the
third year, otherwise a rate .slioiild be l.-vied by proclamutioii to meet the ikliciency.

If within the third year a siillicient sum should be receivi-d to meet the interest anil pro-
portion of principal for the fourth year, no rate need be levied for the fourth your; but, if
otherwise, a rate to meet the deficieucy should be proclaimed.

And thus funds from the proper source would be provided in advance, and the public
fin-duces would n-ot sutli'.r, and the power of necessary action would ho i^iven to the executive
odicers in charge of the general treasury. Probably this plan may not be necessary, should
districts borrow upon their own security, but it ou.^ht to be made to apply to all sums raised
or to l)c raised under the present Acts, and indeed it is not probable that money will readily
be mised u])on local securities in Kn.jjland ; and the necessity for a continuance of the .renenii
security may therefore become apparent, in which case the system of providing funds in
advance will be the only safe plan of operation.

In the meantime the means f^iven by the present law can be used so far as possible to
relieve the public finances, but the Council apprehend that the results will be Ion" pro-
tracted, and very unsatisfactory.

As respects the debts contracted by the Commissioners, and the authority upon which
they were created, the E.\ecutive Council can say little more than that the Ads of Parlia-
ment authorizing tl-.j expenditure of money provided sets of olhcers, called Trustees or Com-
missiouers, who u|)oii their own respousibilily, and at their own iliscretion, were authori'^ed
to carry on the works.

For the means of doin.^ so the Commissioners were to depend upon money to be raised by
loan at a certain rate of interest, and not on more disadvantageous terms than the sale of
debentures for the full sum which they pur|)iirted to secure.

The Commissioners calculating upon the certainty of procurin.^ the money and with the
authority of the Acts of i*arliamcnt merely, but without the funds actually in hand, entered
into contracts, and incurred liabilities without the sanction of the l-yxecutive (ioverninent.

So soon as the linancial dilliculties hi iaii to a|)pear, the l-^xecutive Government, at the
i>ame lime that it dl-,approve,d of the creation of debts without the means in Iraiid to discliartro

them.

ITIUIC WOKKS (CANADA)

(hriii, u-***! ''ti'fV iiii'iiii* III It* (><>wi'r III rrlii'vc llKMiHitruilnr* iin'i tin ('•>iiiiiii»«Kiiiri<, uiitl
\iiri<iu» ailvHiiiT* wrii iiuiilr liif th.il |i(ir|ii><f, priivnli'd li.r liy »a\et ol ilrlwiiliin*, iiihIit tln'
iliriilii'lulK'i'o M'l liirtli III llic t'lii.iiiii'iu riiii'iit ol (III-- iiiimili*.

hilt ttu' ( 'iiiiiiiii'xKiiK'rit wrTi iiniliiriiilv Miiriii'il, ii|>imi rvfry a|>|iliratii>ii, thul (lie (tnvpm-
infill v'liiilil Hot iiinlrrtaki' (> jMnviilr iiiihik Inr <'oiitiiitiii.;; tin' uoik*, th:it llii' •unit |iri>vti|)-i|
liv cxlriiiinliiiiirv iiifuii* niii'<t lx> ('i>ii>iit( n'<l iIm- Iiii>I thul cmilii Im' ltiriii<li<'>l, iiiilil llir .io|m 1 1
<>i' nrtiiirii ultcri'il lor lln' iMtttT, iiinl timt no iii'w li;tliility kIioiiM Ik' iiii'iirri'il, uiiliout lU
iM'itit: |iri'%ioii>lv .ivccrluiiinl tliit iIh' iniMlM o| p^isnii iit H<Tf iilri'iidy D'mIi/i'iI,

Siirli, III fad, Wio tlir aiillioritv loi tlii' lliriirniij llir iIcIiIh nov« «nii^lil to In* paid, nilii
MK'li uao tiK- courx- ol till' (iovi'tiiiiii'iit III coiifti^lt'iilly aiUi-ni:: tlx' ('oiniiiis-iuiicrH ol tlii>
ri>l^ ol i-rcc'tiiij new li,iliililir>< ; Imt !>lill tlir CoiiikiI IiiiiI iIcIiIh In Im> |iro\iiliMl (or, uiiii tlit*
iiiiiy i'\|"'<lifiit |iio|i(i*i'<l i« till' iisiic to till' ('<iiilra('toi> ol liovcl'iniu'iit (li'lN'Mtiiri'it iii livu
of iiiinii V.

It in triip, thul many »f the debtit mtw due urikolrom the pcrrorniaiu-e of ouiilract« entered
into liy ('oniiiiiAoioiiciH at tlic coinini'iit'i'iiii'iit ol tlic work--, liiit f>fn, with rcuurd to thcw,
the. Council uri' <ir o|iiiiioii, thit it muh iiiii)rii(ti'iit in llii.- CoiiiiiiiitnioiK'rH to aiitin^utc hu
laru'clv tin- rraluatioii ol the liuids inli'iiilrd to l)f jirovidrd by llii- l.t'Cl-latiiie. The (,'<)lii-
iiii><-ioni'i-' and ihi rontraclorH had lull iiii-aiio of foiiinnu o|iiiuon» ii|ion llii' iirolmbilitirs
which till' state of till- iiioncv iiiaiki-t ollricd lo,- the iMitr.iwiiii: of niomy ; and ifliicy wuiiid
mi on creating ilcl)l> upon llic pio-ipicln olhrcd, llic (Council do not tlniik they havo u ri;,lit
to call upon till' I'Ai'ciiliiii' (iom i iiincnt to iim- illcual or extraordinary iiieaim tu relieve '.lleiu
from dilKciiltiis and eiiiliarra>'<inriil.

The Trent .\avi.;atioii riiiin> an evcpptioii to the t-'etierni fact, for, in that caM-, ii kiiiii of
■Jli,iii)ii/. was iietiiallv r.iiM (I, lint the money wa^ ii-'ed, not for the work for which it wan
ruiM'il, Imt to meet (llshnrM'iiieiits .:'ade on the credit of the dehentureK sent lo Kn^lanil,
unil which now remain iin-old ; lint, in this casi-, the whole prmeediiii; was siiliinitted to tho
l.eeislatiire, and provision wus niude lor the raisiii;r |-J,00U/. fur tiiut work, by the dale of
(lehelitnres to the lii'st advaiilu;:e.

The ("oiincil >iippose the intention of the l,ei;islaliire must have heeii to proviiie for the
paviuent ot (lehls incurred by th" I'oiniiiissioiifrs, under the ciiciimslances iM-lore iii«;ntioiird ;
thiit iit to say, the money was iictunlly rais<.'d, and therefore the Ojmniis^unierH were fully
justilied ill incurrinirtlie liabilities: mid it would follow, that no coiitiiiiiance of the work can
pro|Mrly or justly be provided for, without the discharge of the work incurred. Mr. Killaly
re|)ort» a sum of .'I, olio/, due to contractors : were the intentions of the Ix'gisluture curried
into etl(-ct by a forced sale of debentures to the amount of rj,ouoA, this sum wouUl be
imiiiediutely paid.

The present proposal is to raise .">,0(to/. in this manner, for the work lo be yet done.

Considering the sum necessary for the contemplated purpose, the Council are prepared
to advise the uddiUon of the sum of ;i,ano/. to the loan foi this wmk, provided it can be
raised bv a temporary advance from the banks, as above proposed.

(Jn the Kingston and Nupanee Road, the debt amount!) only to l.Mi/., nnd therefore no
distinction need Ijt; made on the sulycct of the old debt or the new expenditure.

On the Qiieeiiston and (irimsby Hoad, a debt has been incurred of 1,'J.iO/., for which the
Council do not think the (ioverninent is called upon to use extraordinary means to provide.

The issue of debentures in lieu of money is contrary to the spirit and letter of the Acts of
Parliament : nionev is rccjiiircd to be raised by the Keceivei-tjieiieral, and paid to thet'om-
inissioncrs ; if debentures be issued in lien of money, it will aniounl to the substitution of
de|ireuiate<l fJovernmont bonds in lieu of money ; it will form a reco'^nition of a debt bv the
(ioverninent, and its discharge in a medium wiiicli will not pay the amount of the debt, but
which will be a legal discharue of it. The creditors who receive the debentures are probably
much in need of money, and will have to re.tli/,e at any sacrifice ; if they lose much bv the
operation, a claim will iuiniedialely be founded for reiniburseiiient, and moreover, the public
securities will he depreciated even more than by a forced (ioverninent sah;. Tlie contractors
and the Coministioiiers alike specululed upon the sale of debentures, and with their eyes
ojieii they contracted the debts, kiiowin</ the money was not realized. The Commissioners
must therefore bear the blame of exnendilure, which they had nut tlio means of ineetinfj,
and the contractors await the time when money can be raised in the ordinary manner to
jiav them.

riic same remarks wili a|)ply to the West Toronto lioad, as well as to the roads to the
north and east of the city ; but in these cases, it is believed, advances have Ix^en made by
the banks, and a tenijiorary delay will not be |)rodnctive of much iuconvcnience, and it is
not at all probable that payment in debe itures, payable in this province at par, would at
present be accepted.

The same observations will probal'.y be found to a])ply ♦') all the other debts, in which
cases the Council think the oficr < . debentures payable in the province in lieu of money
would noi only be inexpedient, but would also be unacceptable to tJie creditors.

The debt due by the Commissioners of the Welland Canal appears to have been incurred
very advisedly and necessarily, but there appears no immediate necessity for its discharge,
until means can be accpi-rcd in the ordinary manner.

The Executive Council c(mclude these observations by a general remark applicable to all
expenditure of money for which the public finances are liable ; that is to say, that the money
should be expended by paid officers under the control of the Government for the impos-
sibility of managing the finances of a country, when the jiower of expending money, and the
burden of jirovidiii'.; it. are placed in distinct and independent bodies, is demonstrated, as
well ill practice as it v.ould seem to be in theory, upon all sound political argument ; and

595- *" 4 tliey

? 'W

PAPERS RELATING TO

thpy tlifreforo rxpros* tlif lioix- llint, in nlaci' of the prcwit mode, some ceneral dppnrfnipnt
of public works iiiiiv !)«• milj-lilutfd, iiinl thiit in niiTcly local niattprs. the necessity of pro-
viding' nicuiiK niiiy fall ii|>'>n the siimii- porsons th:it hav,' duip.-c of the <\\|M'n(litnrc, or, at
least, that tin- liitlcr should Im- uiidtr the coiiipU-te contiol of the former a» to the aiisounU
for which ihcy incur liabilitieA.

All which is res|M?ctfiilly submitted.

(»i|;ned) Ji. If. SuHitaii, p. r.
(si<;ned) O'.A.

No. 3.
Sn (iiiverninent House, Toronto, 30 June 1840.

V'lTii referenre to the subject of the udvances inade to the public works of this province,
I have the honour to inform your Kxcellency that I have completed the arrangement with the
bank of Kpiwr Canada for the loan of 40,000 / , U> which I alluded in my despatch of. the
'20th instant.

I have accordingly communicated to the Commissioners of each of the public works de-
signatcHl in your'Kxcellcncy's despatch of the ioth ult., the determination of the Oovernment
to make an advance to them to the extent 8|.ecified in that recommendation.

With a view to show at one plance the course adopted, I have caused the accompanyinj;
schedule to be prepared, which 1 forward for your Excellency's information.

Ill niakinir this coiiinmnication to the difTerent boards, I adopted in each case the recom-
mendation (,f Mr. Killaly's report, both with respect to the amount of appropriation to the
work, and to the conditions and restrictions under which the expenditure was to take place.

With resjaid to the Tivnt and Inland Waters Navigation, I adopted the terms of your
Excellency's despatch of the IMth instant, and made the communication to each of the
Commissioners accordingly.

I impressed u|>on the Commissioners the necessity of economy in the management of the
money placed at their disposal by the CJovernment, and required that reports of their pro-
ceedings in the disjMsition of it should from time to time be furnished to the Government, as
might be necessary.

I am in hopes that these measures will, as far as the defective constitution of such boards
for the outlay of public money will permit, be efficient to insure such an expenditure as will
effect the specific objects in view. With regard to the Welland Canal expenditure, I have
no doubt whatever that the instructions of the Executive Government will be pursued in the
expenditure of the money appropnated for that service.

I have, &c.

The Right hon. C. Poulett Thompson,
&c. &.C. &c.

(signed)

Geo. Arthur.

Memorandum as to the Appropriation of Money for Public Works.
There will be at the disposal of the Government the following Sums, at the followiog periods ; »w.

July

August •
September
October -

£.

10,000
10,000
10,000

10,0IX}

40,00Q

From these are to be paid,

1 i

; 1

Welland Canal

Kingston and Nnpanee Road -

North Toronto ditto

Hamilton and Brantford ditfo -

Dundas and Waterloo ditto

Cummissioners for the Improve-
ment of the Navigation of the
Inland Waters of the New
Castle District ...

Trent Navigation

Surplus

£.

i3i00o

5.000

7,000

(XJO

5,000

4,000

1,000

35.600

- £.

4,400

TIm

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

The following will be the Appropriation in the retpective Month* :

July: Amount at the ditpoial of the Government
Diipowl :

Welland Canal - - -

£.

3,000

North Toronto Road

3,000

Hamilton and Braiitford ditto •

600

Dundai and Waterloo ditto

1,500

Kingiton and Napanee ditto

1,000

Commissioners for th»> improve-

ment of the Navifation of the

Inland Waters cf the New

Caitic District •

1,900

Trent Navigation -

300

Surplus

- £.

August : Amount at the disposal of the Government
Disposal :

Welland Canal • • -

£.

5,000

North Toronto Road

a ,000

Dundas and Waterloo ditto

l.C-X)

Kingston and Napanee ditto

1,000

Comroissionera for the Improve-

ment of the Navigation of the

Inland Waters of the New

Castle District •

800

Trent Navigation ...

300

Total - - £.

September : Sum at the disposal of the Government
Disposal :

Welland Canal

£.

5,000

North Toronto Road

1,500

Dundas and Waterloo

1,500

Kingston and Napanee

1,000

Co'.nmissioners for the Improve-

ment of the Navigation of the

Inland Waters of the

New

Castle District •

800

Trent Navigation •

•

300

Total -

- i".

October : Sum at the disposal of the Government
Disposal :

North Toronto
Dundas and Waterloo
Kingston and Napanee •
Commissioners for the Improve-
ment of the Navigation of the
Inland Waters of the New
Castle District . . ■
Trent Navigation - . .

£.

1,500
1,000

8,000

1,300
300

Surplus

£. 10,000.

9,600

Total Surplus

400

4,000

4,400

595-

RiCAFITlL.tTION.

PAPERS RELATIN(i TO

Recj»pitul*tioji:
Total Amount at the dispouJ of Government, as before

£.

- £.40,000.

Wclland Canal :

July

August -
September

North Toronto :

July

August -
September
October -

Hamilton and Brantford :

July . . - -

Dundas and Waterloo :

July . . . .

August - . - -

September . . -

October . - - -

Kingston and Napanee :

July . . . .

Auguiit . • • ■

September . . .

October . . • -

Commissioners for the Improve-
ment of the Navigation of the
Inland Waters of the New
Castle District :

July . . . .
August ....
September . . .
October ....

Trent Navigation:

July

August •
September
October -

Total

33 June 1840.

3,000
5.000
5,000

- 13^^00

3,000
3,000
1,500
1,500

fioo

1,500
1,000
1,500
1,000

1,000
1,000
1,000

3,000

1,300
800
800

1,300

300
300
300
300

. £.

7,000

600

5.000

5,000

4,000

1,000

Surplus . . . £.

.35.600

4.400

No. 4.

r I ^i

(Confidential.)
Sir, Castle St. Lewis, Quebec, 30 June 1840.

In reply to your despatch of the 20th June, I beg to inform your Excellency that I quite
concur in the propriety of adopting the course recommended by the Executive Council, and
approved by yourself, for raismg the sums required for the assistance of the public works
of the provmce, referred to in my despatch of the 20th May, by loans from the banks.

With regard to the arrears due to contractors on obligations contracted bv the Commis-
sioners, I am of opinion that a payment in debentures at par of such of tnem as may be
finally admitted would be quite sufficient to satisfy the justice of the case, and care may
be taken to prevent any demand being hereafter made for difference (should there be any)
between the par and th j market price they may obtain, by making the receipt of these
debentures at par a condition of the interference of the executive at all.

His Excellency Sir George Arthur, k.c.b.

I have, &c.
(signed) C. PmUtt Thornton.

PUBUC WORKS (CANADA).

--No. 6. —
Copr of a DESPATCH fimm Lord Splmhun to Lord John Huuell.

My Lord, Govcmmont House, Montreal, ^ Fpbruti_ 1841. No. 5.

The time is now approaching when it will Ijccome neopdsar)- for nio to ox- p»p«»ch from
plain thc^extent of assistance towards the financial conconis of this province, itl'rij<^i''h^n
which the Imperial Parliament may, in its wisdom and gt-nonisity, think fit to aa Feijruary 1841.'
afford. On the opening of the United Legislature, I am bound to make a state-
ment to this effect, and it is, besides, indisfiensably required with a view to the
arrangements which I shall be called upon to submit for the preservation of the
public credit of the province, and the continuation of the great public works by
which its prosperity can alone be assured.

In my despatch of the 27th June last, No. 120, I furnished a full and detailed
statement of the financial situation of eiich province, as well as an estimate of the
position which the finances of the united province would probably prefl<jut after
the union. The only variation upon that estimate w vch the cxi)crience of what
has since occurred oners is, that, on the one hand, the revenues of the two provinces
have increased, and, in my opinion, may be thorefore calculated as likely to produce
1U,000/. or 15,000/. a year more than 1 thon reckoned upon, even under the present
vstem of taxation, and on the other, the debt of Upj'or Cuii^a liia been increased
.;<'lH)ut 100,000/. by the assent which Her Majesty has been advised to give
{o '.' c Upper Canada Act for buying out the private shareholders of the Welland
^ ^..iiii ; and that of Lower Canada has been augmented by the loans authorized to
be raised within that province, for different public works to the extent of 26,000/.
In this last case, however, the tolls to be received will most undoubtedly cover,
and eventually pay off, the sums borrowed, and the province does nothing more
than lend its credit for the transaction, though I regret to say that, oven with that
double security, the fiinds can only be raised at an interest of from six to eight
per cent., and, consequently, at a heavy sacrifice.

Her Miyesty's Government have, therefore, the whole state of our finances dis-
tinctly before them. The total of debt may be stated at 1,325,000/. Colonial
sterling, or 1,226,000/. British sterling.

That the province of Canada possesses the most ample means of paying not
merely the interest, but of refunding the principal of this debt, there can be no
doubt whatever, and I do not think it necessary to call upon tlie generosity of the
mother country to expend a single shilling, although it would be easy to show that
even if Great Britain were to place at the disposal of the provincial sjovemment
a sum equal to the wliole amount of its debt,af.afree gift, it would be a wise economy,
on its part, for the Imperial Treasury can only obtain relief from the heavy
expenditure which it is now annually called upon to incur within the province,
equal nearly each year to that amount through the settlement of the domestic
affairs of the colony, and by securing its prosperity, and the entire devcloj)ement
of its natural resources.

But the assistance of the mother country is indispensable to enable Canada either
to support its present burthens, or advance in that career which may render them
light hereafter.

Nearly all the Canadian debt has been contracted for public works, which are
begun but not completed, from which, when comp'ated, a revenue will be derived,
but which, at the same time, can only be rendered thus productive by fresh
expenditure. The province is sinking, therefore, under the weight of engagements
which it can only meet by fresh outlay, whilst that very present inability to meet
its engagements, by destroying its credit, prevents it from obtaining the means for ^
this expenditure, through whie'< it can alone extricate itself permanently from its
difitculties.

I can furnish no stronger illustration of this s^ate of things than the Welland
Canal. ITie total outlaj upon this work has l)een about 400,000/. currency, and
I regret to say that it has been most improvidently and unwisely expended, owing
to the wretched system which has been heretofore followed, both with regard to
the money grants, and to the construction of public works, by assistance from public
funds. The tolls, however, of this canal, thus iniperl'ectly made, wliich were, in
the year 1838, about 6,000/., and in 1839, about 12,000/., have last year amounted
to24,000/.,and would,Ientcrtain not theslightest doubt, amount tobetween40,00()/.

595. o i and

PAPERS RELATING TO

; ;

and fiO.OOO/. next year, if tlje canal could Iip kept opt-n, and to a far larger amount
hereafter. But unless a verj- considerable sum can be raised, eciual almost to that
already expended, tliis preat 'rork must inevitnbly go to ruin, and this undertaking,
which'is now tin- joint projH'rty of ♦.'-.e province and of the Imperial (Jovemment,
and might Ixs made, by fnsh esiu-nditurc wisely conducted, amply to repay all
that has Imm-ii txjM nded on it, will Ik- imtrievably lost. It would be idle, how-
ever, for the Canadian CJovernmeet to attempt, unassisted, to obtain the necessary
funds. Its cri'dit is unhappily so low, that it cannot hojw to do so ; and even if
it could find capitalists willing to undertake the operation, an exorbitant rate of
interest of eight or ten per cent., or an enormous sacrifice of capital, by the sale of
debentures under par, would destroy neatly all chance of its succeeding, in a com-
mercial point of view.

I have given this canal as one instance, but the same may be shown to be the
condition of nearly all the works for which the debt of thig province has been con-
tracted. Tliey are either in themsc'.vet; incomplete, and consequently a dead
weig'/v, or rendered useless by the absence of other improvements necessary to
make them productive.

It is in the power of Parliament alone, therefore, Ut afford the necessary assist-
ance. What is required is such aid as shall at one and the same time diminish
the annual charge ujton the provincial treasury for debt already incurred, and by
raising the credit of the province, enable it to obtain the additional funds required
to make its fresh rsjienditure productive ; and I am. satisfied that this may bo
done wichout the exjH'nditure of a single shilling, and with i^rfect security.

The plan which I was formerly authorized to propose, namely, the guarantee
of a loan for Canada to the extent of 1,500,000/., would effectually secure both
these ends.

I should propose, therefore, that the Treasury should be authorized to raise a
loan to that amount — the proceeds to bo applied, iirst, to the liquidation at par of
the Canadian debt, and the residue for the completion of such public vorks aa
might be deemed expedient.

This debt to be made a first charge upon Canadian revenues, before all other
debt, if any afterwards be contracted by the Province, and to lie specially pro-
Tided for as such by the Canadian Legislature. All tolls and other securities
which had been mortgaged to the province as security 'or the present debt to be
made over in the same way. The Canadian stockholders to be compelled to receive
their money at par, or new stock, at a price proportionate to it.

No portion of the fund applicable to public works to be exj)ended on any work
which was not wholly and absolutely under the direction of the Executi>e Govern-
ment, whether private shareholders had or had not any interest in the under-
taking.

The advantage of this plan is twofold : first, by at once paying off the present
stockholders, the province would be relieved from an annual charge upon the
whole debt of nearly two per cent., inasmuch as the rate of interest now paid is
about 5J per cent., whilst under the guarantee of Great Britain, the sum could
probably be raised at 3} ; and next, that by these means the stockholders could
not be able to derive the unfair advantage they would otherwise acquire from the
greatly increa.sed marketable value which their stock would undoubtedly obtain,
if the credit of Canada generally were materially raised through the assistance in
any other way of the British Government — an advantage they could have no
right to.

The stockholders have, it is true, a right, as will be found set forth in paper
(B. b.) of my despatcli of the 27th j'une, not to be paid off before certain fixed
periods, varying from 1842 to 1880 ; but, on the other hand, their stock is not now
worth more than 75/. or 80/. for the five per cent, and 85/. to 90/. for the six per
cent, if it bo saleable at all, and, unless the Imperial Government interferes, will
never again probably be worth par. They will therefore be amply compensated for
this compulsion, though against the terms of their b.argain. Indeed, if Her Miyesty's
Government consent to propose this plan, I entertain little doubt that the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer may not Cv,nsi(K'r it unjust to affix even a lower rate than
par for the repayment of the five per cent, stock.

With regard, too, to the residue of the loan after redemption of the debt, the
plan which I suggest offers no less advantage, both to the Imperial Treasury and
to the Province. I have already stated that fresh outlay is indis])ensable in order to

render

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA). 5;5

render tho public works jnwhictivo. T!ic omployniont, tlicrcforc, of i\,\>t portion of
the whole loan for this purjtow. aflonls ndditloiial Htviirity that tin- wlioi. , lM)th
inton'st and capital, will Im- repaid by the Province, and, at the same time. 1» so
greatly enhancing the credit of the Province, any fnrther sums it may In- found
necessary to raise, in order fully to complete the workn, will be attainabh- at alow
rate of interest, even upon provincial security alone.

Tliis is the mode which, without entering further into details, 1 would venture
humbly to suggest, ns the best by which the assurances I was authorized to give,
thyt pecuniary relief would hv proposed to Parliament, may be fulfille<l. It may
if. deed be contended there that the guarantee of a colonial debt is impolitic.
Ujon this point, however, your Lordship and Her ^^1jesty's ministers will of course
bt' prepared witli a ready answer ; but I may be permitted to remark, that, if I
know any t'lingof the feelings of the British population of Canada, the generosity
of the raotlcr country will bind them to it more than <ver ; and if theop|)ortuiiity
I have now I'.vi of studying this country ha^ not been vholly thrown away, I am
convinced that it is by such assistance, leading to so great practical results in the
increase of the wealth and commerce of the provim-e and of the comforts of its
inhabitants, that Great Britain may mnk<' the colony less of a burthen, and far
more a benefit to her, than it has ever before been.

I have, &c.

(signed) Si/denfiani.

— No. 6.—
(No. 282.)

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lord John Russell to Lord Sydenham.

My Lord, Downing-street, 11 January 1841.

Immediately after the receipt of your Lordshi,.-'s <lespatch. No. 129, of the
27th of June, relating to the financial condition of Upper and Lower Canada,
I entered into communication with the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury on
the subject. I inclose, for your Lordship's information, a copy of the letter which
I wrote upon that occasiod. In answer to that reference, the Lords of the
Treasury represent to me ti:at they arc unable to take any jirocetviings for grant-
ing rinancial assistance to the Canadian treasury until they shall be in po.ssession
of the explanation promised in your despatch, as to the mode in which it would be
most advantageous, with reference to tlie jjcculiar debt of Upper Canada, that
relief should be afforded. I nmst the!:efore beg your Lordship to proceed
directly to state your views to me in detail, in order that I may communicate
them to the Treasury for the further deliberation of their Lordships.

I have, &c.
(signed) J. Russell.

No. 6.
Despatch frnni
Lord Juhl Ru»<ell
to Lurd Sydriibaiii,
II Januaiy 1841.

^*J,

July

'40.

EnclosiTO in No. G.

My Lords. Downing-street, 24 July 1840.

I BAVB the honour to transmit for your Lordships' early nnd serious consideration the
accompanying copy of a despatch, with enclosures, from the Governor-general of Britiah
North America, containing an account of the present .and the expected financial condition
of the provinces of Upper and Lower Canada.

At the same time I have to state, that with respect to the immediate loan of 50,000/.,
which the Governor-General earnestly solicits Her Majesty's Government to grant for the
relief of the Upper Province, I am not aware that your Lordships have any power to grant
it, and I cannot advise an application to Parliament for such piirtial assistance.

Your Lordships should be apprised that Her Majesty's Government liave always had it
in contemplation to support the credit of Canada, by guaranteeing the Upper Canada debt.
Previously to quitting this country, the Govemor-gencrul was inrurmed by Her Majesty's
confidential advisers of this intention, and »•-.- left ut liberty to announce it, if he had
thought it necessary, in Canada. Although Mr. Tiion. on abstuiiied from making such an
announcement, and Her Majesty's Govermuent thcrufuie stand unpledged and uncommitted,

595. . 03 high

in No. G.

'\'\

PAPERS RELATING TO

high motivea of public policy render the propowl of such utistance to the financ«ii of
CaiMiU tcarcely km inpenlrre on the Government than it wouH l.\*e been liad a Mlemn
ensagement been entetea into on the part of the Crown.

The utmost eitent to which the miniaten of the Crown can proceed is to promise to
recommend to Parliament, in the neit seMion, Ruch a guarantee of the actual debt of
Canada, as may enable the legislature to reduce the mterest now payable to a lower rate.

I would consequently wish your Lordships to consider in what manner this guarantee
can most properly be effected. When appnsed of your Lordships' views upon the subject,
I propose to instruct the Oo»efww*general to announce to the Assembly of the United Pro-
vince the intentions of the Crown to auk the concurrence of Parlianujiit in eifecting tliis
important object, in the manner which your Lordships shall deem most advisable.

The Lords Commissioneri
of Her Majes'y's Treasury.

I have, kc.
(signed) J. RutirU.

No. 7.
Dstpatch Irom
Lurd Sydenham to
Lord Jiihn Russell,
35 Feb. 1841.

Fhgt53.

It I

—No. 7.—

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lord Sydenham to Lonl John RmstU.

Government IIoiisc, Montreal,
My Lord, 25 February 1841,

By the mesHcnper who arrive<l this morninp, I have had the honour of receiving
your Lonlship's despatch (No. 282), of the lltli January.

On the 22d instant I anticipated your wiHues, as conveyed to mo in this
despatch, by explaining the manner in which I ventured to think that Her
Majesty's Government could best afford .iie assistance to the finances of this pro-
vince, which I was authorized to hold out an expectation of their receiving. I
can add but little to what I had then the honour to submit, but I avail myself of
the return of the messenger to make one or two remarks, in consequence of what
I find in your Lordship's letter to the Lords of the Treasury.

The plan which I have submitted, implies the guarantee of a loan to the extent
of 1,500,000/., vrhich exceeds by a sum of between 200,000/. or 300,000/., the
total debt of the province. I took this amount, because it was that to which I
was authorized to go by the communication to which your Lordship refers, but I
should not have done so if I was not satisfied that it is most desirable upon other
grounds that the assistance to be rendered by the Imperial Government, should
not be limited by simply effecting a reduction in the annual charge for the interest
of the debt of Canada, but that it is expedient in the interest both of the province
and of the mother country (if the latter interfere at ail) to go beyond this.

I have already explained that the debt of this province having been contracted
nearly altogether for public works, which are now incomplete, and consequently
unproductive, is in fact either a dead weight upon the revenue of the country, or
a profitable investment of capital, exactly according to the means which may be at
the command of the provincial government. If no means can be found to finish
these works, either by an advance of money, or by so improving the credit of the
province as to enable it to borrow in the market at a rate of interest which is not
exorbitantly high, they mu it go to ruin, remain unproductive of any reveni.e, and
in that cose the annual riiarge for interest is as much a dead weight upon mo
income of the country is 'he interest of the national debt in England, the capital
of which has been exp( n( ed in armaments. Tlie interference of Parliament, by
affording its guarantee f' r this debt, would, under this supposition, do no more
than reduce the annual charge upon the provincial revenue. The capital already
invested could not be rendered productive, and although the province would
undoubtedly be a gainer by the saving of interest, the advantage to it would stop
there, whilst the security to the mother country for the repayment of interest and
principal would be limited to the ordinary resources of the colony, nnaidcd by
any return from the works for which the original debt had been contracted.

On the other hand, however, if means are found through the assistance of Par-
liament, not only to efiect the saving of interest on the debt already contracted,
but to aid in rendering producbive the works on which the capital which they
represent has been expended) th^ annual charge on the provincial funds is rendered

light.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

light. an<l perhajw may be altogether removed, and the security tf> the Imperial
Treasury in the same ratio is improved, and repajrment rendure<l certain.

It is with this view that I ho strongly recommend Parliament to go in its pia-
rnntee to the extent of the sum I have named, by which the double pur]iose will
be served, and its own security stand in a far better position than it would other-
wise do.

I would further rr nark, with reference to an expression in your Lordship's
letter to the Treasu!}', that my earnest hope is, that whatever anwigement is
effected with the consent of Parliament, will be made in England. Here we are
in no condition to effect a transaction of this magnitude or of this nature. The
plan which I have had the honour of submitting is based ujmn this conviction ; let
Parliament decide upon the terms on which it will consent to afford its guamntee
for a tixed sum ; let it fix the conditions on which the present creditors of the
province shall receive back their capital or take fresh stock under the im])erial
guamntee ; let it declare the stipulations under which it will p4>rmit the surplus
of the loan which remains after the liquidation of the debt, to be appropriated in
the province, tb'.L is, for public works solely under the responsibility of the Execu-
tive ; let it 'Jfix the conditions which it deems advisable for its own security as
to the 'iiortgage of the provincial revenues and of the tolls, and let this arrange-
ment, thus defined and regulated, be offered for the accn-ptance of the Provincial
Legiftlature.

For this I have provided, in the plan which I had the honour to submit.

riiere only remains one point on which it occurs to me that it may be desirable
to add any thing ; in the plan which I have given, the main principle consists in
the compi'.isory repp'""- uL of their capital to the stockbclders, notwithstanding
the engs^ement entered upon with them that repayme^it should not be made for
15 or 16 years. On this it may be asserted that it is r. violation of their contract,
and therefore ui\ju8t to these parties.

That it breaks through the contract is of course undeniable, but it is as impos-
sible to deny that the arrangement, compulsory as it is, affords the most unexpected
advantages to them, and if it were possible, as it is not, to projrasc it for their
acceptance or refusal, is such as not one of them would reject.

There is no other mode by which Parliament conld aflSird its assistance
with advantage to the province or justice to itself; and the creditors of Canada
must be content, if this course should not be adopted, with the security they
have at present. Hitherto, by continueu loans, and with infinite difficulty, the
interest upon the Upper Canada debt has been paid, but in spite of this, what is
the marketable value of these securities at the present time ? If saleable at all,
the five per cent, stock may be worth 75 or 80 ; the s-'t per cent. 85 or OOi For
the moderate loans required in this province, where to the security of the revenue
is superadded that of the tolls on the canal or the turnpike-road for M'hich the
money is required, I am even now daily compelled to authorize the payment of nn
interest of seven and seven-and-a-half per cent The Montreal Harbour Bonds, the
best security in America, because the actual tolls receivable must inevitably pay
both capital and interest, sell at this moment at 90 for six per cent, debentures.
It seems to me, then, perfectly idle to suppose that more than a full measure of
justice will not be given to the creditors of the province under the arrangement I
have suggested ; not one can receive less than he advanced, for the stock has
never been above par, at or under which it vraii taken, whilst at ])re8ent no one
can obtain within 15 or 20 per cent, of that amount for it, or, if this arrangement
be not effected, ever probably hope to get more.

Your Lordship will, I hope, forgive my entering so much at length into these
details, but the e;ctreme anxiety which I feel to bb furnished with the decision of
Her Miyesty's Government before the opening of the Legislature, and th*^ con-
viction to which I have arrived, after the best consideration, that no other plan is
possible, must plead my excuse.

I have, &c.

. . (signed) Sydenha»H.

-No. 8.-

n*t

i'?

No. 8.

Octpitch fiom
Lord Julin HuMcll
tu LudI SyiJciibani,
3 Muy 1841.

I' \

56 PAPEUS HELATlNCi TO

-No. B.—
(No. 36.).)

Coi'T of a DESl'ATCIl from Lord John Russell to Lord Sydenham.

My LonI, Downinj»-8troot, 3 May 1841.

TiiK dt'Hpotrlics which T have rooeivcd from you on tlie pcneral state of tho
provincn of Canada, tho reports with which you have fiimislied me on several
important suhjucts, and the approwhing meeting' of the (Jouncil and Assembly of
tho United Province, have imhicod me to explain to you at this time the views
which Her Majesty's Government entertain on the topics most interesting to tho
welfare of Canada.

In any measures that may l»e adopted, it must ho taken for granted that Her
Majesty persists in the deter^nination to maintain at all hazards, Her Royal autho-
rity in Canada. Neither the honour of kier Majesty's Crown, nor the support
duo to Her loyal subjects in liritish North America, nor the provident care of tho
interests of the empire at large, would jKirmit any deviation from this fixed prin-
ciple of British jiolicy.

At the same time Her Majesty's advisers aro not insensible to the difficulties
imposed upon them iu carrying into execution the purpose of tho Crown. A pro-
vince bordered by an open frontier of more than a thousand miles, approached with
ease at all times by the citizens of a neighbouring and powerful state, separated
from England not only by the ocean but by the rigours of climate and season, must
bo maintained by a judicious preparation for defence in time of peace, and a
vigorous exertion of the resources of tho empire ia time of war, or not at all. To
trifle with the fortunes of men whose lives and properties arc freely devoted to
tho service of England, or to encourage foreign aggression by neglect or apathy,
would be far worse than the spontpncous surrender of these important possessions
of tho Crown. The Canadians might in such a case incur no risk, no blood
need be shed, and the treasures of the empire might be spared. The other
course would be cruel to a brave people, and unbecoming the character of the
country.

But, as I have already said, we have no alternative. We have only to con-
sider the means of binding Canada more firmly to this country, of developing her
resources, of strengthening bcr British population, of defending her territory, and
of supporting and encouraging the loyal spirit of her people.

In this spirit, then, I shall touch upon the principal topics connected with these
views : —

1. Finance.

You have stated the debt of the United Province to amount to 1,220,000/.,
and with the sum required to complete j)ublic works necessary for the free pas-
sage between the western portion of the province, the St. Lawrence and the sea,
to about 1,500,000 /.

The Queen's Government coincide in your views of the expediency of making
such an arrangement as .nay employ the credit of this country for the benefit of
the finances of Canada, and have given their bosc consideration to the plan pro-
posed in your despatches. Tliey are of opinion that such an arrangement, if it
can be carried into eflfect, with the consent of the creditors, would be in every way
desirable, but they feel that the objections to a Bill, compelling parties to receive
payment of their money in breach of agreements entered into with them by com-
petent authority, are insuperable.

Her ISTajesty's Government are ready to give any assistance in conformity with
your proposal, which does not appear to them inconsistent with good faith. They
are ready to propose to Parliament to guarantee a loan which may be required for
public works (under the restrictions suggested by you), for the repayment of such
part of the debt as may be now redeemable, or may be held by creditors, who
shall declare themselves willing to accept reasonable terms.

With regard to this latter sum, it appears to the Government most expedient
that you should fix such terms as you may consider sufficient to induce the cre-
ditors to accept the proposed equivalent (not of course exceeding 100/. for every
nominal 100 /. lent) ; that you should make known such tender in such way as
may appear to you most advisable, giving the holders sufficient noti^ and infor-
mation, and fixing a given day before which the willingness of the parties to
pccept such oiler should be sent in.

, ■ 16.

PU^J^LIC WORKS (CANADA)

To do this an Act of tho Canada liOfriHlaliiro will bo necessary, and when that
is obtained the subsequent arrangements might bo made ; or through some partjr
deputed on the part of the Canadas to this country with full instru'itions.

It may, perhaps, be also expedient at the same time by law to enable ttustees,
&c. to account, as in oases whore the interest of loans are received in this coun-
tfy. Ufwn receiving the infomiation of the assent of the parties accepting the
terms proi>OHed, the necessary means may be taken in this country to raise tho
nH|uisite funds ; and it may l>o expedient that you should fix the day for tho
paying off such assenting creditors and other claims at a time when tho Parlia-
ment of this country is sitting ; for should it be necessary to have recourse to a
loan, such a met.'^ure has always been considered open I'j objection during tho
prorogation of Pak!iomerit.

2. nr,fENCE.

I have perused with great interest tho onchsuros in your despatch of 24th
Decenjln'r, containing re|K>rts from Lieutenant-general Sir Richard Jackson, and
Colonel Oldtield, the commanding officer of engineers, on this subject.

The question is one of so much importance, that I was not satisfied with refer-
ring your despatch to the Mastor-general and Board of Ordnance, but I also
asked the opinion of the Commnnder-in-Chief, unu requested him to consult the
Duke of Wellington, whose high authority on every i:>ilitiry oubject is in this
instance of peculiar weight, from the attention he has for many years givoii to this
matter, both on political and on military grounds. Their opinions are transmitted
with this despatch.

Her Majesty's Goveniment agree in opinion with Lord Hill and Sir Richard I
Jackscn, tha* " no dependence ujMin the decided suneriority of our troops, and )
arrangements made for defence connected with them, should lend us to neglect the '.
construction and completion of permanent works calculated for the protection of \
the points of most importance to us."

They likewise concur in his Lordship's opinion, that in the event of the cod-
fitruction of these or any other work.s, a large effeciive regular force, and a militia,
registered and enrolled, but not called from their districts, except in case of
invasion, will be indispensable.

But it cannot be reasonably expected that works on a largo scale should be
undertaken without reference to the great expense to be incurred.

I have therefore to inform you, that the Government are prepared to state their
opinion that, beyond the ordinary estimates of tlie year, 100,000/. should yearly be
applied for the defence of Canada. At present, this sum is nearly absorbed in tho
maintenance of the militia and volunteers. But by a more ocononiical plan this
expense might be greatly diminished, and a great portion of the sum of 100,000/.
left for the improvement of military communications, and the erection or repair of
fortifications.

You will hear further from me on this point when I have more fully considered
the various plans proposed.

3. Emigration.

I have read with great interest your despatches on this subject, and I agree
with you in opinion that it would not be wise for this country to engage to convey /
emigrants to Canada at the public expense. But neither can I agree that this \
country ought to pledge itself indefinitely to the expense of maintaining the ?
emigrants in Canada till they are able to obtain employment.

1 quite concur, however, in the sense you entertain of the importance of the
object.

It is a hardship to Canada that she should be obliged to maintain the pauper
emigrants from the United Kingdom, who arrive in a state of destitution and
disease. But this object was formerly provided for by the imposition of the
emigrant tax, and I think the renewal of this tax should be recommended to the
Legislature of Canada.

1 have recommeDded to the Treasury that the expense thus incurred by the
emigrant should, in consideration of the groat political ad vantages likely to flow
from emigration to Canada, be defrayed by this ''-untry.

Supposing a tax of 5*. a-head, 82,000 emigrants might be freed from the tax
for 8,000/. This is a sum which I think Parliament might be asked to vote for bo
important an object. The tax might then be paid in Canada, not by the captain

595. H of

.-,8

I'APEUS IIKLATIN(J TO

,.f tlio imnponjror «lii|). ».«it h\ tin- CommUHnry p-iicnil. ..n |>ro|.rr vouclirrs of the
iiuiiiIht of <'mi>rrniits Iniidcd.

In tlii- r,iM; til.' nnlv rniiijrain- pai-l for nnixi I..- tli"-'' wli<"*.« fitii.s* for .•migra-
tion Im.l iK^i'ii i.ri'viou>.lv sx\U-Htri\ l.V an .•ini.-r!.ti..n air'Hl in tins .•...iiitry.

Thf rntijrmnt tax woul.l th.-n m". ax a «-li.fk, lui.l vt-ry iir.,jvTiy ho. on tlumi wlio
roulil not .il)fain tin- ntt.Mation '.(inirfil. , . , , , n . .

I liavf now a.lv.'rtc.l t.. tli.- thr.f j.rin.ipu! topics to Mhirh I havo call.'<l tho
iittcntion ..f th.' guc-nV ronfi.l.-ntial xrvant^. Tli.n- arc many others of ^'n-at
im|H)rtancc to the w.lfarc ..f Cana-la, but ni><iM whirl. I am anxious to receive your ^
reiH.rtH Ix'for.' i.riK-.M.Iinji furtli.r. , , , ,. , t

Of this kin.l ar." the eii>raj,'emeiitH of ih.'lan.l companK's, and the future dis|vj8al

of the Crown lands. i n ■ • i

The means of .••mimunicntion for commi-r.-iai purposes withm th.' British tern- .
torv. throiiu'li the whole leiijrili of Canada, must always Ix- a matt.T of th.- hijfhest
iiit.'-rest, ho'th to Canada and to tiiis country. IJut it seems to me that with a ';
lejfislafure in Canad.i ilis|)osid to co-openite with the t^ueeiiand the Piirliameiit of \
the I'liited Kinplom in dev.dopinj,' her vast and unex|>lored resources, there is |
ev.-rv hope that we shall helndd th.' pn.sperity of that iiol.le province aiiiniiunt
every jear, and add more aud more to the 8trenf,'th and stability of the empire.

(signed) I have, Sic.

J. Rustelt.

No. «).

Dcpalcli from
l.oril Sviloiiliam to
l.nrtl Jiiliii Ituiiscll,
6 Ma) 1841.

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49j-

— No. 9.—
(No. 57.)

Coi'Y of a DESPATCH from Lord Sydenham to Lord John Russell.

My Lord, Governnieiit House, Montreal, G May 184L

I HAVE tin- honour to ncknowle.l^fe the receipt of your Lorship's despatch of
the tJdth March, No. ;]44, eiiclosinjr a Memorial a.ldressed to you by the three
Canadian Lainl Companies, and by other jiers.ms connected with Canada, respect-
injj the advancement of aj;riculturp and commerci', and the o.mipletioii of tho
great puiilic works in this province. Vour Lordshi|> mlds u statement of tho
views entertained by tlie memorialists on these subjects, as e.xplaineil to you at an
interview.

The i)roposition of the memorialists seems to be (so far iis it is possible to
aflix a meaning to words so extremely vague and indistinct) to raise and advanco
as a loan the money necessary for the completion of various vv.)rks, and for the
introduction .and setilement of emigrants on the faith of the revenue arising from
the sale of land and timber, the execution of the works being as heretofore left
with the Local Government, but due security being provided by law for their speedy
conijjletion, and for the apjiioi>riation of the land revenue to the payment of the
interest on the loan.

Piissing over the legal objections to this proposition, which at once occnr, and
which were stated by your Ijonlshij) to the memorialists, I must observe that,
even with the explanation contained in your despatch, the scheme is presented
in so intangible a shape, that it is difticult to know in what m.inner to reply
to it.

There can be no question about the importance to this country of obtaining a
very considerable loan, and in so far I approve of the memorialists' views ; but in
every other respect they appear to me impracticable. The land revenue of both
Canadas, deducting the payments of the Can.ida Company, which will cease next
year, and those from the British American Company, which will never be renewed,
is very inconsiderable, and is already pledged as part of the consolidated fund
towards the existing debt. If, as the memorialists assume, the consolidated fund
will pay the charges on it, leaving a surplus to the amount of the land revenue, the
])rovince will bo able, and no doubt will bo disposed, to borrow in the London
money market to the full amount which can be obtained by such surplus ; and in
that ea.se the security of the consolidated fund, including the land revenue, will be
far better and more easily negotiable than the security of the land revenue, with-
out the consolidated fund. If the consolidated fund be not adequate to the

charges

PUBLIC WORKS ^CANADA).

•59

char)r<^ on it without tlu> land nivt-iiuo, it would Im' a liroai-li of faitli to wiiliilruw
tlitit rcvt'TiiU' from tlio soriirity of tin* prownt rn-dilors. nn<l tlio Hclifnic imixt
conw<|iicntlv full to tlio groum!. lii this viow, thiTtfon', I tiiink tlu' |>roj>.»iticiii
irn|>ru<'ti('nlil(-.

A;riiiii,tlK' iiii'iiu>riiili»t(*,wliilotlu'y would li-avo to tin* Kxooutivi' Govcmnii-nt tlu*
rx<Tiition of the pulilic works. |ir<>|)o>.i' to !4ti|Milati> for somi- Icj^nl pnivi-inn for
tlifir roni|>li'tiun. \ '. Wliut \n tlu- nature of thiN pniviHion does not ajiju-ar; but
if it Ih' intfudcd. us I HU|>iM»m> it must l»f, t<» |>ri'si'ril»c any particuliir nuinncr in
wiiicli. or any particular time within whic-h. the work-i in <|Uf<ti<>n should Im- coiu-
jilctfd, I think it di'<"iih>dly oli)i'ctioii:ihlc.

Thi> liocal (iovfrntncnt and li(>;ri^l)itur(>arc far inoro intiinatidy a(>i|uainti>c| witli
and intcrcstt'd in the workn in ((ucstioii than any set of p-ntlcnicn rcsidin;; in
London, thii majority of whom, |irol>ahly, have ncvor cruKm'd tin* Atlantiiv
Krrorw were no doulit committrd sonio yearn aj^o. in thi- comnu'iiccmcnt of one
or two of till' pritiripul puhlic works; but tlioso very i-rrors will Ik- tho siifr;ru;ird
ajjainst similar mistakfs hcreaffor, more t'S|Kriuily ■•inpi' the I'stalilislimrnt of tin-
Hoard of Works, and sinn thf I'nion Art lias placfd in tin- hands of tin*
(iovcntmont the initiation of money votoH. It is my intention to sulunit to the
Legislature, at their next meeting', a plan for the promotion of all the |irinripal
works in this country ; and the decision on the measures to he adopted ni:iy
pro|>erly l)e left to them without the interference of tlie companies in ipiestion.
And there is tliis further and conclusive oltjection to their pro|)osal : tiiat, wire
a loan niised on the understandin<r tliat lej;al provision slmuld he made for thi*
completion of certain v*orks in a prescrilwd manner, the law which mi;;lit he
parsed on the suliject would take the form of a contract, and iMcome irre-
vocable afterwards, however iinich the circumstances of the country ini;;ht alter.

These are some of the objections to the jiroposaj which occur to me most
readily. I abstain from following them up, because at the present moment tho
matter cnimot Ije broujiht to any practical result. I have already jiut your Lord-
ship fidly in possession of tlie state of the finances of Canada, and have pointed
out the course which should, I think, he adojtted. It will be one of the earliest
and most important duties of the Lefjislature on its meeting to take up the same
subject.

If the propositions which 1 have submitted to your Ijordship b(> approved by
Her Majesty's (jovernment, the finances and credit of Caniida will at once Ik- put
on sucli a footing; as to enable her to borrnw with ease in the London market
the funds necessary to complete her |iiiblic works. l\ven should those prii|iiisi-
tioiis not be adopted (which I should bo very rcluitant to atitici|iate\ 1 liave
no doubt that the establishment of the union, und the restoration of public con-
fidence in this province, will raise its credit suHiciently to enable it to |>rocuro
funds. Hut, as a pcnenil priiu'i[ile, I sliould dissuade the niisinj,' of money
clogged by any stipulations of an unusmd naturt-, or which do not j)roperly enter
into monetary transactions, however advantageous such an arnmgement might
at first sight appear. If the resources of Canada tlourish, as I expect tlnv will,
its credit will be good, and it will borrow easily ; if tiiey he not, I doulit whether
any stijmlations or legal enactments in regard to jmblic works, &c., will induce
English ea[utalists to conic forward with loans.

At the same time, liowever, as I consider it my duty to weigh any and every
scheme which may be offered by which there is a possibility of this province
being benefited, I shall be quite ready, in case these comjianies delegate to any
person power to explain their views, and also emjxtwer him to treat with tho
Government of Canada upon the subject, to give the best consideration in my
power to wliat he may propose, and assist in any arrangement which may bo
really useiiii.

I have, &c.
(signed) Sydenham.

59-)'

a 2

— ^... 10 —

I'AI'ERS RELATING TO

No. 10.

Eitraci D'Wpatch
from lord Hydra-
ham lo Loi'i
John Ruufll,
it Auguil 1841.

— No. 10.—
(No. 113.)

ExTKACT nf a r)ESl'AT('H from F.<iril Sydnihnm to Lord Jnhn Rmtell,
•iHted Cioviriinnnt Houw. Kinp<ton, 28 AiipiiH 1h4L

My duty coiidiiitii in tRkinjf ckk that wliatcvcr workB may Im- undertaken or
rx|Hnditnre Inciirrt-d, nuffiriunt provision »!iall Ik- made for defraying their c«»st,
and upLoldiiijf the rn-dit of the colony, and further in affitrding all the infor-
mation in my power an to the best Hyntem to be pur«iie<l an repirds Jjoth the
execution of the workB themnelveo, and the acquin-ment of tlie funds for their
completion.

I have Bcconlinffly trannmitted to the Houne of ANsembly a MeHsajre upon this
mibject, to/fether with a Report from the Prenident of tlie Board of Workn, of which
I encloM' a copy ; by which I have placed Ijefon- Parliament and tho country the
b«'st information I pogwHM as to the worku which are likely to prove most advan-
tageouH, and a Hcheme for defrayinjr their crmt.

It is not in my power to say whether the whole or what part of these im-
provements will 1)6 adopted this session ; nor is it my wish to influence tho de-
cision of Parliament upon the matter. Hut whatever nuiy be determined upon,
I shall of course take cure, actiiijif u|ion the principles I have propounded, that no
cxjicnse shall be incurred, for which ample security by increased revenue shall not
be afl(>nle<l.

Enrl. ill No, 10.

Enclosure in No. 10.

Mrhsaob from his Excellency the Governor-geneml to the Legislative Assembly of the
Province of Canada, on the subject of Public Improvements which it may be desirable
to carry mto effect within the said Province.— (Kingston, 20th August 1841.)

SvnRNBAM.

In pursuance of the declaration contained in his Speech from the Throne, the Govemor-
ceneral solicits the attention of the House of Assembly to the public improvements which
jt may be desirublc to carry into effect within the province, and to the means by which those
works may be safely and successfully undertaken.

It has appeared to the Governor-general of great importance that Parliament as well
as the Executive should have distinctly brought before them, iu one general plan, the
whole of the different works which are demanded by the public voice, and appear likely
to tend to the increase of trade and to the advantage of the country. Such works as the
Le|;islature shall decide upon adopting may thus be conducted upon one uniform system,
having reference as well to each particular work as to the whole, and great advantage will
result both as regards their execution, and in making provision for the funds necessary for
the undertaking.

The Governor-general accordingly directed a Report to be prepared upon the subject by
the President of the Board of Works, and that department having now been established by
law for the whole province, he transmits this document for the consideration of the House
of Assembly.

This Report will be found to embrace all the ^reat improvements which appear at all
desirable for some time to come, or that afford promise of rendering a return for the capital
to be expended upon them : — the completion of the Welland Canal ; the opening the com-
munication between Kingston and Montreal by the St. Lawence for schooners and steam-
boats ; the improvement of Lake St. Peter, and the navigation between Quebec and Montreal
for vessels of large burthen, opening the River Richelieu so as to perfect the navigation
through that river by the Chambly Canal ; the construction of slides for timber and other
works on the Ottawa ; the improvement of the inland waters of the Newcastle district ; the
' construction of a port and light-houses in L>ake Erie, and the improvement of BurU igton
Bay Harbour ; the establishment or improvement of great lines of road from Quebec to
Amherstburgh and Port Samia, from Toronto to Lake Huron, and between Quebec and the
Eastern Townships, and the improvement of the Metis Road, and of the communications
near the Bay of Chaleurs.

I'he total cost of all these works thus enumerated would involve an expenditure of about
1,470,000 l. Provincial Sterling, to be spread over a period of 6ve years necessary for their
completion.

Whether the whole or any part of these works shall be decided on by Parliament, it is
clear that in the present financial state of the province, whatever is required for their con-
struction must be provided by drawing on the public credit.

The statement of the provincial receipts and expenditure submitted to Parliament,
although exhibiting, after the payment of the charges tor the public service, a considerable

surplus

riBUt WORKS (( ANADA). #»

Burpliit in proportion to thr rrvfnur, KfTord* nothing from which, at rapital, th» cmIji of
workit n( any inipurtaiiro ran >m> dcfniyr<i.

I'arlianipnt inuHt thrtcforc pnivKlr ibn nirani for raiainK tlir capital rrquirrd for Iha
px«H-iiti<>n of thtMW pulilic uurkK which it luav dctrrniinr to adopt, and at the lanie tinif*
afford iiuch necurilv a* iiiuy hr nrcranary for tnr annual knt/-re*t up«in thr monrv to be bor-
rowrd, a* well at for the gradual extinction of the debt, until the Morkt themarUea become
productivf.

If the whole of the workit upccified in the report are di.termined upon, the char|;e for iate-
rest uiMtn the total lum rp<|uired, calculated at the rata of intereat UKual in thit province,
would he between HO,uuo /. and »o,OUO /., a charge whiith it would be difficult to impoae at
onre upon the country.

Means however exist by wiiich such an inctease of the chaive upon the revenue of
the province ntay be oiaterially reduced, whiUt the capital i' wll may notwithatand^tg be
provided.

The reduction of the interest of the public debt through the asaiatancc to be .ifibrded by
the liii()eriul Parliument, would probably reduce the present cliar);e* upon the provincial
revenue by a sum of between lA.OOO/. and 20,UU0 /. per annum, whicii will 'hus become
av.tilalile as srciirity for any fresh loan.

There will ri'iniiin, uffer pflhcting this conversion, a surplus of Ironi 140,00^ i. to 300,0f"- L
still fu'.thcr to be raised under the Imperial (ruarantee at a low rate of interest, by whic <tn
additional savini; will he etferted of about 6,000 /. a year.

A very considerable amount of the capital required niij^ht be raised, without any -n-t^e
whatever for interest, by the assumption by the province of the issue of ->aper payable on
demand, which is now enjoyed by private banks or by individual*, withoc (. . '- Ix-iiig sub-
jected to any charge whatever in return for the power .niis accorded to 'hem '<y the State.
If that power were resumed to the fullest extent, a capital representing a revenue of not
lesa than :tS,nuo/. a year niirht be provided. But even under sueh an arranuement as would
aflford f^reat advantages to the variou.s banks at prei«ent issuing paper, as a coinjiensation for
their being in future deprived of that power, a revenue of not Test than lft,00o/. or 20,000/.
might be safely relied on.

The union of the two provinces has now placed within the control of the Parliament the
regulation of the Customs duties, which under the separate Legislnturos was attended with so
much difiiculty, and a wise and prudent rc-adjustinent of some uf these duties will render
the revenue far more productive than at preiwiit, and easily furnish, without any injury to
the trade of the country or any pressure on the people, what may be further required to
provide for the remaining charge.

There is also one of tne works to which, although great importance is justly attached
to it, it will, in the opinion of the Governor-general, be just, as well as possible, to affix a
condition by which the annual charge above submitted for the whole may be diminished.
The navigation of the St. Lawrence involves the expenditure uf nearly one-half of the whole
8UU1 calculated on. That work is undoubtedly highly '"irable, but it scarcely justifies so
great an expenditure at present, unless some diminut'- ' '.'' the annual charge for interest
upon the sum to be raised can be obtained. Nor is sucL' a diminution to be unhoped for.
Many capitalists in England are interested in the promotion of this work, and especially in
seeing the communication between Luke St. Louis and Lake St. Francis established on the
southern side of the Hiver St. Lawrence, 'i'hr Governor-general has reason to expect
that assistance will be afforded upon this conditmu, and he would not therefore recommend
that this undertaking should be sanctioned, uniess, as a condition, the greater part of the
capital required for it can be raised at a low rate of interest, not much exceeding that
which the province would have to support for such part of its debt as will be guaranteed by
England.

Entertaining these opinions, the Governor-general has therefore directed measures to be
submitted to the House of Assembly embodying them, which he recommends to their
favourable consideration.

However large the expenditure may appear, tu which the improvements recommended by
the Board of Works will amount, tlie Governor-general feels that it is bis duty, looking to
their vast importance, to submit them to the judgment of the country, and u measure will
therefore be presented to the House, which comprises the whole of them.

If they are undertaken, it is no less the bounden duty of Parliament and of the Executive
Govemmf^nt to take care that means sufficient for their completion are provided, and that
the credit of the province shall be sustained in any engagements which are rendered neces-
sary for raising funds for that purpose. He has therefore directed that, simultaneously with
the proposal ior the works themselves, measures should he submitted to tne Assembly for
the conversion of the debt, for the establishment of a bank, and for the regulation of the
customs, and he desires to express his anxious wish to concur with the Assembly iu what-
ever decision they may arrive at by which objects of such importance to the welfare of the
province may be obtained consistently with that due regard to the interests of the people, to
public credit, and to the maintenance of engagements without which it would be alike unjust
and impolitic to attempt to carry them into execution.

Kingston, 20th August 1841. *

595-

»3

Mbmobamoa

■s-^'

PAPERS RELATINt; TO

■ ■:

t n

Mf.mokanda r(-i|)<i(iiii,' various Pnlilic Wdrks licrctoforf in pncris's, or |iiojp<tr(l in (!»■
provincr of Cminilii ; hliowiuL' tlir iiltinialc <(>st c.f tliiir ciiiiii.!' lion, and tlif amount of
tho. «j)iiro|)nalions jirnposcil lobe a|)[)<irlion((l tluri-to, (or thf several yi'ars rcs|i(rlivcly. —
Pri-parcd and suhniittod for tho ronsidcration of liis I'.xcillcncy Uiu ("ioVL-rnor-t^i'iu'riil.

T/ic Wflluiid Ctinnl.

Ow tho«> works which are nidispcnsably and nnnn-dialoly nccpssary to the advitncpuient
of UiP Rpni'ral inlcrt-stM of tin- lonntry at lar<;e, and from whi'Lh the pros|M'i'livn rec„ie may
be safely calrulated upon to pay tile intcnsl on the ex|)eudilure, tlu> Willaud Canal unques-
tionably stands foremost.

Upon this work, about 4i)l,777/. has been c\()ended from time to time upon its eon-
struetion, and as the Iwks, the mn.t importuiil jiart of the work, .lad l)een formed with
penshable materials, the outlay upon annual repans has been neeessarily veiy licaNV ; iioi-
withstanuiiic^ whiih, the hw-ks are now in a most dangerous and ruinous state. Of this
sum, alwut 1 17, mho/, in stoek ib held by i)rivute individuals, for the piirehasinc out of
which, and thereby placing the work entirely in the hands of the province, a liill is now
before the I'arliament.

After a very careful consideration and revisal of the several estimates furnisbed by the
various engineers, the completion of this work, in a permanent and fully sutlicient manner,
with cut stone hn-ks of liU feet in lenirtli, in feet wide, and 8 feet li inches depth of
water on the sills, toirether with the recpiired weirs, waste-nates, stone acpiediict over the
(^hippawa, a steam-boat lock, and a capacious and safe harbour at each of the teriiiinations,
widening of the deep cut, widening and deepeiiinjr of the feeder througliiml, i estimate at
450,0(10/.

Of delientures authorised by a late Act of the Provincial Parliament to be issued for this
work, atwut 180,000/. remain undisposed ot, leavinji a lialunce of '270,000 /. to be further
sanctioned and provided, tor the ultimate full completion of the work.

It is no doubt in the recollection of his lixcellency that the completion of the canal on
the fuK scale upon which a twition of the St. Lawtence navis^ation was proceeded with, has
been strongly urged upon tlie attention of (iovernnient. The chief arguments used, being
the benefit of enabling Atlantic steamers, with cargoes, to proceed to the Upper Lakes, and
the advantage which would t>e obtained iii time of war, from having the power of concen-
trating our naval forces upon either lake, as might be required. The .subscriber is of opinion
that the scale referred to, viz., locks 50 feet wide, 180 feet long, and 10 feet dnift of water,
is quite unsuited for sea-borne steamers, and unnecessary for tlio.so well suited to the lakes,
and to the commerce of the country ; and that even if tnis scale were adopted, at enormous
cost, transhipment from the sea to the lake vessels would, notwithsstanding, always take
place at Quebec or Montreal. In a military point of view, no doubt the second proposed
advantage would be great, but being quite beyond the mean.s of the province, the work as
necessary for the trade of the country has been alone estimated for. The large lock wliicii
is proposeil at each end would allow (.in case of danger) of the steamers being brought up
many miles inland.

From the very unsafe and precarious state of the canal, it would be of the utmost conse-
quence to have the works commenced forthwith, if possible.

As the foregoing total estimate of 450,000/. includes the sum of .'55,000/. for an outer
liarbour at Port Dalhousie, and 20,000/. for one at Port Colborne, which harbours will be
available to Her Majesty's vessels and others upon the lakes, independent of the canal, the
entire cost of completing the latter may be set down at 400,000 /. The most prudent rate
of expending this estimate, I consider to be as follows : —

From the present to the 1st April 1842 - - £. 50,000

Thence to 1st April 1843 - ... - 150,000
Thence to 1st April 1844 - . . . . 150,000
Thence to 1st April 1845 ----- 100,000

St. Lawrence Navigation.

From Lake Erie to Tide-water, after passing the Welland, the next portion of the route
which will require an outlay when the other improvements more immediately called for on
the river below it are completed, is the part between Prescott and Dickinson's Landing, a
distance of about 40 miles, in which the collective falls at a few points amount to about
22i feet, to overcome which, by the necessary locks, &c., would require about 130,000/.;
but as the down-stream carriage upon this part of the river is safe and facile, and tug-boats
can (although with difficulty) bring up light barges, it is considered unnecessary in the pre-
sent state of the navigation generally to incur any outlay thereon.

Long Sault, or Cornwall Canal.

The improvement of this reach of the river St, Lawrence, in length about 1 1 J miles, and
in which there is a fall of 48 feet,was estimated at 2Hi,:i43/. and was commenced inl8.33-34.
Shortly after operations commenced, it is stated, that from the increase on the prices of jiro-
visions, and otiier causes, the Commissioners considered themselves justified in adding very
largely to the contract rates, in some instances, as much as 30 per cent. Under these

increased

ste
be

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

and

inoronsod rntrs (lie works Imvc hocn fOiuinurd i'roni that time, without rcforcnce to any
ttiutualioii in tin' |>ri(f ut jiri)visioi>».

Tlic iiriinmlH rciidiTPil I)y tlic Commissi. incrs up to Isf Jmmary lf*:Ui, show an rxprn-
diliiii- of ;l.'j l,-2l);l/. 'J.'. !(/. to that dale, cxcliisivo of some oulstandnii; idaims. I have had
n inimitc and carrt'ul istimatc maile by Mr. Kcef'cr, engineer to the Hoard, wilhni tlie last
month, Irom which it a^jH-ars that the sum ot 4;J,S(i7 /. is r(.'(|uircd to <'|>cn tin- canal to the
trade, and a I'nrtlur Hiim of l;t,H(i4/. tor sundry small works, lock-huiises, ice, makint; in all
an amount of .')7,ti7l/. ti*. necessary for the full completion of the entire of the Cornwall
Canal.

Althouu;!) the advantafies to be derived from tiie improvement of this portion of the
navioation would of necessity l)c very circumscrilH>d, mitil that between Lake St. Francis
and Lake St. i/.mis was als(» jwrfected, yet in favour of the innnediate finishing of the
Cornwall Canal it niay 1k> justly uri^cd : —

First. — 'flint it would enable the river forwarders to have their barges towed up by
steam from the Cotenu du Luc to Kinsiston, by which a saving in time of two days would
be made.

Secondly.— To avoid the cost of tracking np the Long Sault Rapids, which during the
past year, attending this very limited trade, was :l,()(M)/.

Thirdly. — The passensjer tniile would be much benefited by it.

Fourthly.— Some return beyond the cost of maintaining the establishment of lock-keepers,
&c., would be obtained from the large sum already e.\pended, which, until this canal is com-
pleted, must remain a caput mortuum.

Improvements required between iMke St. Francis and Lake St. Louis.

iJhe Coteau, tiie Cedars, and the Cascades Rapid::, between these two lakes, present
most formidable ditiiculties to the dragging up of a small light barcre with but 15 or 20 tons
of cargo. To vessels of any size they arc wholly insumiountablc. The construction of
the necessary locks and canals to overcome these dilKculties, Mr. Kcefer estimates at
3&5,90U /. ; and 1 have every reason to believe the work can be done for that sum.

Lachine Canal.

The only remaining barrier, after the foreijoing, to the free passage of lake-going vessels
between Cjuebec and Lake Huron, is the Lachine Canal ; tne necessary enlargement of
which would cost, by Mr. Reefer's estimate, 22.'>,300/.

Lake St. Peter.

The improvement of Ijike St. Peter for deeply-laden sea-going vessels is a subject also
of very great importance, and has occupied the serious consideration of the Board of Trade
of Montreal, who have petitioned the Parliament for an appropriation to fit out the
necessary establishment of Dredging Vessels, &c., and they propose a tonnage upon the
vessels trading to the port, to pay the interest on the outlay.

The Governor-general will perceive that this proposed appropriation is inserted among
the Estimates — see Appendix ; but it is very desirable that a sum, say^ 1,000^ should be at
once made available to make some alterations to the steamer belonging to the Harbour Com-
missioners, so as to have the nature of this work fully and practically tested, prior to any
large expense being entered into.

General Observations upon the foregoing.

The necessity of involving the province in the cost of forming a second water communi-
cation with Tide-water, has been for a long time the subject of dispute and argument with
many. Among the number of tho^e who doubted the prudence of it, I was one until latterly ;
but the vastly increasing trade, doubling almost annually, and the conviction upon my mind,
after mature consideration, that the lowering of freight consequent upon affording additional
facilities, together with the productiveness of the Western countries, which are only now
coming into operation, will increase still further this trade to an almost inconceivable extent,
have convinced me that a second and more facile outlet is called for. Besides the transport
being confined to the Rideau, the navigation of which depends upon (he stability of dams of
great height (in one case 00 feet), should any injury arise to one of these dams (as was
a|>prehended last spring), either through accident or malice, the effects of it would be ruinous
to half the commercial interests of the country.

I am decidedly of opinion, that the scale upon which the Cornwall Canal was undertaken
was unsuitcd to the means of the province, and was not absolutely necessary for the greatest
increase of trade, which the mo.st sanguine may look forward to, and that a schooner navi-
gation combined with a system of tug-boats would have answered every commercial purpose ;
but now, from the large expenditure already incurred upon the central portion, the little
required to complete it, and the comparatively small sa-ing that niiglit be effected upon
what remains to be done, by adopting the schooner scale, I am led to conclude that the
best and wisest course will be to oj)en the St. Lawrence throughout from Montreal
to Lake Ontario for steam-boats and schooners, — not upon the full size of the Corn-
wall Canal, but on a scale sutiiciently large to admit a powerful class of steamers or
tug-boats to pass.

595- H 4 The

PAPKRS RELATING TO

■'f

The eittiinat«» »ubinittc<l herewith are based upon the principle of locks Ix-iiig adopted,
length 175 feet, breadth 40 feet, and fi feet « inches depth of water, but as sonii- time from
the present period will, under any circuinstanre«, elapce before the actual building of lock»
ii commenced, the question will in all prol uljility t)c fully ilecided as to the power and
suiUblencM of the »ever»l modes recently proposed for the profielling of vessels, ami this
decision will naturally govern the dimensions of the locks, and may s<!riously lend to a
diminution of espcnditure.

Jliver Rirhtlieu.

Upon the contpletion of the works of the Chambly Canal now rapidly advancing, the
only impediinenu) to an uninterrupted navigation between the Kiver St. Lawrence at borel,
and the head of Lake Champlain, a distance of about 180 miles, will be presented by tlie
fords near St. Ours, St. Denis, and Belfeil.

To remove these obstructions, by means of dredging and clearing the channel of rocks,
the Legislature of Lower Canada appropriated a sum equal to about 7,050/. of which
4,525/. remain unexpended. The outlay incurred under this appropriation has effected
nothing, and I am of opinion that the erection of a steam-boat lock, and a dam of moderate
height, say 4 or 6 feet over low water, at or near St. Ours, is the most certain mode of
obtaining the object in view, and the value of the water power which would be created by
the dam, in the midst of a productive country, heretofore without mills, would yield a con-
siderable return towards defraying the imerest on the money expended.

The coat of the works is estimated by Mr. Keefer at 21,000/.

River Otlatra.

The improvement of the navigation of this river is a measure which has^ been for a long
time strongly advocated, principally by those interested in that district of country. 1|he
project embraced the full completion of an uninterrupted navigation from the St. Lawrence
by the Ottawa, Lake Nipissiiig, and French Kiver to Lake Huron. The sum of 3,000 /. was
appropriated some time ago to defray the expense of a survey, on which about 1,500/. have
been expended, but the information as yet obtained, is not at all of such a nature as to
liazanl an estimate of what the cost of the undertaking would be, and in my judgment this
navigation is not required in the present state of the country : in saying so, 1 would not be
understood to mean, that obstacles ought to be opposed by the Government to the project,
in case the parties interested should be inclined to proeeed in it upon their own resource s ;
on the contrary, arrangements might be made mutually advantageous to them and to the
interests of the province.

The improvement on the Ottawa included in this estimate (see Appendix) relates solely to
the lumber trade : to afford facilities to which, by the construction of suitable slides at
those places where they are most required, and to reconstruct the bridges at Bytown, it is
proposed to appropriate the sum of 28,000 /.

It will be deserving of consideration whether the property in those slides which are now
in the hands of private Companies, should not be resumed by the province, remunerating
the proprietors according to the terms of their charters.

Tlic propriety of making such an appropriation will be seen, when the considerable
revenue derived from this source is borne in mind, and that, notwithstanding the large
amounts heretofore received from it by the country, no public money has yet been granted
towards affording to this trade that assistance which its present state and prospects show to
be so necessary,

Burlington Bay Canal.

The dangerou.-. and dilapidated state of this very important work renders it necessary
that steps be immediately taken to repair or rather wholly reconstruct it in a substantial
and permanent manner. Such is its present ruinous condition, that it cannot be repaired
effectually ; and a few hours of a heavy blow from the east or south-east might very reason-
ably be expected to close it up altogether ; the consequence of which would be most serious
to the mercantile interests of Hamilton and Dundas, and to the extensive and highly pio-
ductive country of which these ports are the outlets.

However advisable it may be for the purpose of obtaining still water, and have the
entrance commanded from the land, to locate this work northward of the existing passage,
vet the placing of it so much in shore, as has been lately proposed, I consider unadvisable :
by so doing, sail vessels would be prevented from getting out many days during the season,
and ill making for it, if they did not succeed at once m getting in, would unavoidably be
driven aground. The best position for the work, I conceive, is not far from the original
natural outlet.

Improvement of the River Trent and Inland fVaters of the Neiccastle DiUrict.

The persisting in these works as heretofore contemplated would, as appears by the
estimates, involve the province in an expenditure cf about 020,000 /. but from the rates
upon which those estimates are based, I am of opinion that200,00« /. or 300,000 /. in addition
to that sum, would be required to effect the object.

The line of this intended water communication from the Bay of Quinte to Nottawassaga
Bay, with upwards of 820 feet of lockage, a proposed depth of five feet water, continued
through a series of lakes and currents, and in many cases extremely circuitous, is in my
judgment quite unsuited to the principal purpose for which it was originally recommended,
namely, the line by which the produce of the Western States would be sent down to Tide-
water.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA)

irnc from

nwer aiiH
and lUii
erni tu a

water. The secnnd BT<r'iniont advanced for iu formation wa« the fnrility it wonid RfTurd for
the transport of tlio n)<;riculliiral and other produce of the iidan(J to(<n!ihip<« to miirkot ; and,
thirdly, the ailvaiitate* to be reaped by the lumberers; the two latter, I consider, can he
obtained sufficiently, mere immediately and at infinitely less cost, by the erection of two or
three locks to connect the long existing; reaches or natural navigation, bjr the construction
of two or thr(>e cross roads from them to the nearest ports on Luke Ontario, and, finally, by
the formation of slides at the places where they may be required. A fanner or merchant at
the head of Rice l^ke is within I'i or 14 miles of the harbours of Port Hope and Cobourg,
on Lake Untario, to which he could have facile access atibrded him by an outlay of about
IO,UO0/. or l'i,UUO/., whereas to ;:et the same produce to Lake Ontario by the proposed
navigation would require a previous expenditure on it, even according to the estimate of
'J.')3,-I47 /., and the distance to be travelled would be about 80 miles. As to the lumber
trade, I believe a very moderate sum expended on slides would effect quite as much as is
necessary ; indeed, I find in the original Keport a passage recommending slides, " which
cost comparatively little, and much better suit the purpose fos heavy timber than lockage."

From, the foregoing general grounds of objection, I cannot recommend the continuing of
the ex|ienditure as contemplated, upon this navigation, but i most readily admit the
necessity of assisting and developing ttic resources of that fine district of country, which I
would do, by immediately affording to it the advantages to be derived from works of the
nature I have suggested ; to accomplish the whole of which would cost about 60,000/.

Harbours and Light-Houus on Lake Ontario and Lake Erie,

There is no expenditure more called for, and from which the benefits to be derived would
be more immediately serviceable to the country, than the outlay which is required to con-
struct or comp'«>te some harbours on the lakes. Many of those on Lake Ontario are in a
very inefficient and incomplete state. On Lake Erie there literally, at this moment, is not
one into which a vessel can rur. or remain in with safety.

The state of the light-houses on Lake Erie is equally had ; that which had been at the
end of Long Point, the most important station on the lake was prostrated long since.
"T'^vhers have not been lighted for u considerable time. The natural consequence of all which
i», that we have not now one steam-boat on this lake, and the difficulty and cost of inducing
shipowners to risk their vessels into the ruins of what were constructed as harbours, is f)o
great, as almost to put a stop to the shipping of the produce of the country.

The sum of 74,000 /. has been set down in the estimates, afiter much consideration and
calculation, as sufficient to remove general and well-grounded complaints on this head.

It is inter, led that those harbours, where nature has offered most advantages, be com-
pleted and rendered such as they ought to be. That the present light-houses be put into an
efficient state, and others erected where necessary; but as the propriety of constructing
some harbours, by the Admiralty, is now under the consideration of that departni'-nt, it is
conceived best at the present moment to appeal to the Legislature to admit the \ <iiciple,
and sanction the appropriation, but not to decide finally on the particular harbours, until the
decision of the Admiralty is known, which shonid of course govern the selection, and thereby
save provincial funds.

The foregoing, it -s hoped, will sufficiontly explain to His Excellency the general principles
upon which the a|)propriatioiis for the several very important works in the first Class, (see
Appendix), are based and applied for.

'i-!j*>-

Second Class.
TIte works in Class Second are of a different character; they consist of main lines of
internal communications, the opening or improving of wl)ich, it is believed, would conduce
Bo much to the general advancement of the country, as fully to justify the expenditure,
although the direct revenue to be derived from them, for many years, is not likely to meet
the interest.

Bay of Chaleurt Road.

This line of communication along the north side of the Bay of Chaleurs, from Perce
Point to the head of the Bay, a distance of 140 miles, is interrupted in two places by por-
tions of the road which are so little formed, as to be almost impassable ( one from Little
Pabos to Port Daniel, the other from the Little Nouvelle to the Indian Mission, in all about
48 miles.

These portions being improved, and the Metis or Kempt Road (from Point aux Snelles,
on the River St. Lawrence, to the head of the Bny of Chaleurs) better o|)ened ; the entire
of Oaspeeast and south, and of New Bruiswick cast and north, would be approachable
from the St. Lawrence with facility, as New Brunswick middle and west, is by the Teniis-
couata Road.

The Gosford Road.

Under this head is embraced the completion of the main line leading directly from
Quebec through St. Giles, Ste. Croix, Inverness, &c, to Sherbrooke, at present but partially
open, and not available in suinnicr. It passes through the large tract of good Ecttlement
land belonging to the Crown ; and will curtail the line of travel between Quebec and Sher-
brooke by more than 60 miles.

595. % ^ TA6

r,(, PAPERS RET<ATINr. TO

The Muiu Nrrrlhern Hixtil from Like Ontario at Toronto to I^he Huron.

Tho o])t'nini; of lliis Rimtl olTuiiiitly throiicliout i» ronsidcrrd hii;lily ilpsiraMc, .mil
strongly rtc«)niiiiiiult<l ; but ihf iHirtidii hi-ro iiiotf imiiitdiatoly rcdrred to, is from tin; tcr-
niiiiution of tliat imdi r(ak..ii by tlu! ilisliict at ilnr Holland l^iiidiiij,' to Darrie ; whicli it m
\tH)\»}**.H\ to dram, turiii ami ( ' nk, and istablihli loll bars tlii-reoii; from thcnc.' to IVne-
taiijruisliiiie, it IS mtciidtMl to ii..(.rovp. 15y this and llic evptrKlilurc of iiiiHlcralc sums ii|um
orif'~or tw" of the |>riii('l|)al ru; ''fs leading into tlu' main road, and also n|)on tliu Colil
Water I'orlanc Koad ; llie ■'■. iff : tli<' ftrtilf district to tin- iNorlli, Wtst and S)Utli of
Lu'.e Simcop, woidd be afJ' "d ic advantai,'i'A o( u good cunimunicutiou with the inurkct
and liarbuur of Toronto.

The Main Province Ruad from Quvhcr to Amhersllmrg and Port Sarnia.

\'nqucstioimbly Ijoncficial us it would be tcp have the main Province Road |iro|M'rIy opened
and establislied tliroui;li<.ut, yet such an undi-rtakinu', in tlie present state of tlie country, is
allotfelher beyond its resources. I'nder this head, therefore, is embniced the improvement
of tliose lAirtions only, alon<; which the udvantap'S of water carriai;e are not ui)iirde<l, viz.
from the ('ascades t(^ the Province line, and from Urantlord to Loudon ; these portions it
is proposed to properly form and luacadarm/.e or jilnuk, and establish toll-bars thereon ;
thi; levcnue from which would be (juite equal to meet the interest of the outlay. From
l^.ndoii westward it is intended for the present only to ojien, drain, trunk, and fonn ; raisin<;
and brid^'ins; where necessary.

The buildinfi of the several brid<;es over the large rivers between Quebec uiid Monlreal,
the crfKisini; of which, at certain seasons, is very dangerous, and attended with loss of lile,
is also calculated for.

TiiiHD Class — (See Appendix)

Consists of the several lines of roads wliich have been already undertaken by the respective
districts, and upon wliich large sums liave been expended ; but from their unlinished state,
they are, to a great extent, unproductive. The object in introducing then into the Ap[>eudix
is to bring the nuitter Ixifore the attention of the Legislature, and to show the amount
reonired to finish them. Their completion will nroperly belong to the diill'rent districts, and
can be effected under the superintendence of tne district surveyors.

Hamilton 11. KiUaly.
Board of Works, 12lh August 1841.

i-i;

Appendix.

ESTIMATES of the Total Cost of constructing and completing certain Public Works In the Province of Canada;
showing, also, the Amounts of Appropriations proposed to be apportioned thereto, for tlie several Years respectively,
in case the prosecution of these Works shuuld be decided upon.

First (Ilass : — Consisting of those Works of purely a national character, and which are indispensable to the advance-
ment of the Commercial and Agricultural Interests of the Country at large, and from which the prospective Revenue
may be calculated upon, with certainty, to pay the Interest of the necessary Expenditure.

Total
Estimate.

Amount of proposed Appropriations f jr the Years

18 42.

18 43.

184 4.

18 45.

18 40.

£.

The Welland Canal

450,000

150,000

The St. Lawrence Navigation ; viz.

Prescott to Dickenson's Landing

>5>.3>a

. •

5i.3>a

100,000

Dickenson's Landing to Lake St. Francis -

57.670

45,000

12,670

Lake St. Francis to Lake St> Louis -

255.900

55.900

100,000

Lachine Canal

325,300

55.300

60,000

Co,ooo

50,000

Lake St. Peter - - ...

60,000

30,00O

10,000

1 0,000

10,000

River Richelieu .-■-..

a 1,000

15,000

6,000

River Ottawa, to build Bridges and construct

Slides .......

38,000

14,000

IJurlington Bay Canal

45.000

30,000

15.000

Internal Waters of the Newcastle District,

construction of Slides, Locks, and some

Roads leading thereto ....

50,000

20,000

10,000

Harbours and Lighthouses on Lakes Ontario

and Erie, and Roads leading thereto .

74,000

34,000

40,000

£.

1,418,183

338,000

378,870

381,312

270,000 '

60,000

PUDLIC WORKS (CANADA).

HrcriMn Cl.uss : Consinlii prinripally of idoso WorXs connected with llif Impmvcnicnt of tlic Main Inlnnd Conimunira-

(lon^ of tlic t'liuntry hv UoatI* : tficso, (io»cvcr loiully culIcJ for, ami quite a* nc<€K.f.ry 10 llii i!i»« lopn^t lU of ihp
rc«iiiirii'» of tlie t'oiintry in linif of peace a* tlione embraced in Cla»» First, and of the utnHi<it impurlunce to il«
protection in ease of war, cannot generally be relied Ujion as likely, for many year«, li> produce a direct Uevtnue auffi-
ciint to pay the lntcrc«t upon tbe requisite Outlay.

liay of Chuleurx Koad, to moderately improve about 50 miles, now all
hut impassable, between IVrce Point and the Indian Mission, and
portion of ''e Metis or Kempt Koad ......

Cio>^for<l iioad, openiti){ a communieation between Quebec and tlic
1'ownshins, through the Government Block of Ijind, and shortening
the lUiad between that City and 8licrbrouke more than .50 miles
Main Northern Itond from Lake Ontario at Toronto to Lake Huron,
continuing and perfecting from ihe termination of the portion already
undertaken by the District of liarrie, establihhing TolNbars thereon,
and improving sundry parts tl)ence to Penetanguishine aud on the

Cold Water Portage

Main Province Koad, Quebec to ^mhcrslburg and Port Samia, to
build certain Bridges between Montreal and Quebec, and to improve
those portions of the line along uhitb the Hiver or Lakes ore not
available for the transport of the Mails, &c. ; viz.

'J'o ii.ucadamize or otherwise improve that portion between the
Cascades and the Province Line, and establish Toll-bars thereon
To macadamize or otherwise complete that portion frtim the
termination of the part already undertaken by tlie District at
BrnMl'oril to Loniion, and tstabli.-h Tolls ihercou . . .
To Jrain, tiunk, form and otherwise improve thence toPort Sarnia
To drain, trunk, form and otberwite improve Irom l.ondcn to Chat-
ham, Sandwich and Andierstburg ......

Building of Bridges .... .....

1'otal
Estimate.

Amount of pro'.,r«d .Appropriation*
loi the Yean

1x42,

18 49.

18 44.

15,000

30,000

17,000

5.'i,<»o

Ij.OtHJ

3().ooo
34,000

212,000

10,000

5,000

10,000

l.y,0<X)

20,000
10,000

15.000
1 7,000

y7,ooo

£.

5,000

10,000

ao.c'oo
5.000

15,000
1 7,000

84,000

10,000

15.000
0,000

3«,ooo

From the items of which tbe First Class is jirineipally compufcd, it will be ptrtiived that the ncctssily of opening
fully our main water communications to the oie-jn, with a vltw (o develop ihe resources of the couiilry, and increasing
its commerce and revenue, is consideied ini'.iKpenyuble, and (orm:. the basis of the prcpond appropriations. Most
of the works embraced in tlie Second C.Uff consists of hiaiiehts leadirg to the main trunks ioimcd by those in
Class One, and are recommended upon the niineiple that it is wise legislation to have no .-ause of rtgret to the inhabi-
tants of the interior, in consequence of large caral expmditure or front impr<>vtments, by afliirdinp ihiin frequent and
facile access thereto, and thereby diHusirg, as generally as possible, the benefits of those im|irovementE.

Board of Works, Ki::getm.l
isOi August 1841. /

Hamilton U. Killaly, Chairman,

Tiiinn Class : — Embraces those Lines of Roads already undertaken by and at the Cost of the respective Districts, and
which are in different stages of forwardness, but from their unfiiiished state are, 111 some cases, 'Jiiuvuiluble and
unproductive.

Total
Estimate.

.\ mount for tbe Years

1H42.

184 3.

£.

Queenston and Grimsby Road

42,500 •

25,000

•7.500

• Tliis exceeds the sum appropriated by former Act

b^ about 29,888/.
f Tins exceeds the sum appropriated by former Act

Kingston and Napunce Road -

'^.ooot

C.ooo

by about 2,ico/.

Toronto Road, North -

25,000

12, .-,00

12,500

Toronto Road, East

7.777 .t

5,000

'■'.777

X Being balance of appropriation by former Act.

Toronto Koad, West

(),o78 §

6,000

3.078

j Being balance of appropriation by former Act.

Hamilton and Bradford

0,000 II

9,000

II This exceeds appropriation by former Act about
9,000/.

Dundas and Waterloo -

10,000 f

10,000

f This exceeds appropriation by former Act about
3,000/.

£.

109.355

73.500

35,855

Board of Works, Kingston, 1
Ittli August 1841. /

Hamilton H. Killalif, Chairman.

595-

1 2

-Nell.

PAPEHS RELATING TO

No. II.

DwpaUh from
Sir C. UiiKot to
Lord Sti>nley,
14 Januan- 1 841.

r»gt ♦•

— No. 11.—

Copy of a DESPATCH . om the Right honoiirnl)le Sir Chark'^ ^^'^ot, Bai-t.,

u. c. B., to Lonl Stanley.

Govtmmcnt If-'U^e, \\i\\^i>^(m.
My Lonl, l'^ Jainnry 1842.

Your Lordship is of coui'p aware tJiat in conscfiumcc of lord Sydenham's
reprt'st-ntatioiiH rt- lative to thi fiiiftucial 8tut( of Canada, Her Mjyesty's late Govern-
ment had promised to api'ly to i'c.rHament !o .inarantee a loan i<> the amount of
1,500,000/. for the redcniptiua oi the deht of tliis p(f»vincr, and the completiun . "
certain public works. This infention was coPimunii jitcd li;, Lord Sydenham so
the Legislature in hi« speech at th< pning of the St isi<tn, and was by them mmiv.'
the foiin(]ation of mu Act, liio 4tli & 5th Vict., e. 33, U ut Act is aireai -eforu
yov.r Lt.i<!-ijip for tho signification of Her Majosty's ,-; «as(»;v therw ?■

The •':• atiistancef" (viiich led to tho retirenuot of I-L-r Wajosty's iul" Ministers,
prcventt ' li;';ir n ((''fniing tl plotige given in their name to the people of Canada,
but your Lor.lshSj; will n-atliiy l)elieve with how much anxiety its redemption is
looked for tn u Iler Majesty's present Government; thi' announcement of those
liberal int- nti>>!.-i (mtducud throughout the great body o; the people a feeling of
d(!cp irratitmir ,, and 11 co.iiidenco in the determination of (Jreat Britain to main-
tain tiii; !.'nnae.vion between herself and this province, an<i these sentiments will
be KtrnngiheneJ and confirmed in proportion to tho prompcitude with which the
matter is now taken up by Her Majesty's Government. It i:; from this conviction
that I feel it my duty to make this the first subject of communication with your
Luidship after my assumption of the Government of Canada.

It i» not necessary that I should enter into any further statemont i-especting the
finantv^s of Canada, or the grounds which justify tho detetmination of Her
Majesty's late Government. Tliose questions have been exhausted in the des-
patches of my predecessor ; and the pledge having been given and acted on by the
legislature of this province, it only remains to provide for its being carried into
effect.

Tho Act of the provincial legislature, after reciting the promise of Her Mjyesty's
Government, authorizes the Governor to appoint such person or persons as he may
think most fit to negociate the loan, from which the legislature would seem to have
contemplated that an agent would be sent from this country. I should accord-
ingly have proceeded immediately to act on this authority ; but after fully con-
sidering the matter, and making every inquiry in my power, I am satisfied that
it would be very advisable, if possible, to avoid this course, and to conduct the
negociation under the immediate sanction of tho Lords Commissioners of the
Treasury. There is, on the one hand, scarcely any person in this country suflH-
ciently known in the London Money Market to conduct so extensive a transac-
tion with advantage, while the expense of sending him home, and maintaining him
there during tho negociation, would be considerable. On the other hand, the
loan, if eff'ected under the immediate authority of the Lords of the Treasury, would
necessarily be obtained under the most advantageous terms possible for the pro-
vince, while any person who might be selected by their Lordships to conduct it,
would bring to the task an experience and intimate knowledge of parties, which
it would be useless to look for here. The people of this country moreover would,
I am sure, see in their Lordships undertaking this duty, the anxiety of Her
Majesty's Government to act towards this province in a spirit of justice, and would
appreciate to its full extent the boon conferred on them. If in consequence of
the fourth clause of the statute, it be necessary that the person by whom the
negociation is concluded, should hold a direct authority from tho Governor of
Canada, 1 could of course give such an authority to the individual whom the Lords
of the Treasury might select.

Under these circumstances, and considering that as the loan is to be guaranteed
by Great Britain, she is as much interested as this province in its successful nego-
ciation, I trust that the Lords of the Treasury will not refuse to undertake this
business. It would be for their Lordships to determine whether it should be
managed by a member of their own department, or only under their authority and
control ; and although such a transaction would be beside the ordinary course of
business, yet as the circumstances out of which it has arisen, and the position of

this

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

«»

tlii« province an> of no ordinary fiianiPtcr, tlioy woulil. I tliink. justify nn rxtni-
onliniirv nuKlo of prooccdintr. and one which, even if irrc^aihir, i-. .«<) clturiy for tho
piihiie advnntn2;e.

I would W'H to urjre this matter on joiir F,()rd>hii>'s earliest and nm-t enrnent
attcTition, as one l»y whieh our sueress in this province may he nnirii afl'utt d. ami
on which it will be neressary that I should be able to make a eoniniunieation to
the legislature at their first meeting.

1 have, &:c.
(signed) Charles Bagot.

— No.12.—

(No. 112.)

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lor*! Stanley to tlie Itiglit honourable Sir Charles

Bagot, Hart., u. c. D.

Sir, Downing-street, 2 April 1842.

Amono the Acts of the late Session of the Canadian Legislature, there are none
whieh have l)een more anxiously considered by Her Majetsty's Oovemment, than
those numl)ered respectively 28 and 33, and intituled, (No. 28), " An Act to
appr'-nriate certain Sums of Money for Public Improvement in this Province, and
for :.ie Purjioses therein mentioned ;" (No. 33), " An Act to facilitate the Nego-
circion of a Loan in England, and for other Purposes therein mentioned."

The objects contemplated by these Acts of relieving the finances and improving
the credit of Canada, and, at the same time, of developing, by measures of
extensive internal improvement, the vast natural resources of the province, are
viewed by Her Majesty's Government with hardly less of interest than by the
Legislature and people of the Province ; and every consideration of good faith
and of policy would lead Her Majesty's Government scrupulously to fulfil, to their
utmost extent, the pledges of assistance held forth by their predecessors in office,
and communicate<l to tin; Legislature of Canada l)y Lord Sydenham ; and also to
aid in the accomplishment of the objects sought to be attained by the Acts now
under consideration.

I may add, that Her Majesty's Government are aware that these Acts were
framed and submitted to the Legislature with the concurrence and sanction of
the late Governor-General ; and that it is therefore peculiarly desirable that they
should so be dealt with, as to lead to no inconvenience to the province, and no
disappointment of expectations jusily entertained.

It is with these views that Her Majesty's Government have entered upon the
consideration of the advice which it is their duty to tender to Her Majesty
respecting the two Acts in question. And I proceecl to communicate to you, for
the information of the Legislature, the course which it has been deemed right to
take, and the reasons by which that course has been suggested. In order, liowever,
to place the matter fully before you, it is necessary that I should recapitulate the
principal facts of the case.

In considering the question then pending, of the union of the provinces of
Upper and Lower Canada, Lord Sydenham could not omit from his view the
financial condition of the United Province, and in bringing tlie subject oflliclally
under the notice of the Home Government, on the 27th of June 1840, he
suggested that on the completion of the union, measures should be taken for
" guaranteeing a loan, which would remove a considerable charge, arising from
the high rate of interest payable by the province on the debt already contracted,
or which it would have to pay for raising fresh loans which may be required
hereafter for great local improvements."

On the 24th of the following month, my predecessor, in a letter to the Treasury,
states as follows :

" Your Lordships should be apprised that Her Majesty's Government have
always had it in contemplation to support the credit of Canada, by guaranteeing
the Upper Canada debt.

" Previously to quitting this country, the Governor-General was informed by
Her Majesty's confidential advisers of this intention, and was left at liberty to
announce it, if be thought it necessary, in Canada.

595. 13 " Although

No. 12.

Dcipaloli from
I^rd SLinley lo
Sir C. Iligot,
% April 1843.

Page I.

Page 4.

Page 13.

Page 53.

I'APERS RELATING TO

•1

" Altlioiipli Mr. Tlmmsoii nhstnined from nmkinp sti''l> nii nnnoiiiiroinodt. nnd
lIcT Majesty's (Jovdiinii'iit then-fore Htniid impledrreil nii.l uiir(.iiiiiiitt<-il. Iii;;li
inolivi'Hof piihlie polio nniler the prnpoRnl of sueh nssist.inee to tlie tinances of
t'nnndn ncnreely Jess imperative <in t!ie (Jovernmeiit than it woiilil lir.ve l»eeii, hud
u solemn eiiRapeiiient heen entered into on tlie part of the Crown.

"Tlio utmost extent to wliich tlie Ministers of the Crown ran proceed, is to
promis.' to rerommend to rarliament, in the next Se8sif»n, such a guanintee of
th<- aetiial d<'l)t of Canada as may enable tho Lej,'islaturo to roduco the interest
now |iayubl(! to a lower nite."

I»r<l Sydenham «'xplained his view of the mode in which it would l)e advisable
Pagtii 51 and 54. to n niler th.> |>ropos(Hl nHsistancc, In two despatches, dated tho l»2d and 'Joth
Febmary 1H41.

lie states that nearly all the Canadian di'bt had bwu contracted for publie
works, bepun, but ni)t completed, from whi<'h, when completed, a revenue would
1,0 derived, but which, at the same time, could only be remlered jtroductive by
fresh expenditure.

The province was therefore represented by liim as " sinking imder the weight
of engagements which it can only meet by fresh outlay."

And he mentions, in illustration of his nu-aning, the case of the Welland Canal,
upon which £.40(),0(»(> (the real amount ap|)ears from the Report of the Cana-
dian Board of Works to be £.491.777) had been laid out. The tolls on this
Canal, in the preceding year, amounted to £.24,<t()(>, and would, "without ?lio
slightest doubt," amount to between £.40,000 and £.50,000 in each year, if the
Canal could be kept oj)en, "and to a far larger amount hereafter;" but in order
to secure this advantage, a further outlay, " eqiial, almost, to that already ex-
pendcfl," is rcfpiired, and without this further outlay "this great work must
inevitably go to ruin."

" If no means can be found," his Lordsiiip remarks in the subscfjuent despatch,
" to finish these works, either by an advance of in.-.ney, or by so improving the
credit of the ])rovince as to enable it to borrow in the market at a rate of interest
not exorbitantly high, they must go to ruin and remain iiiijiroductive of any
revenue, and in that case the annual charge for interest, (nu tlie del" contracted
for the purpose of executing these works), is as much a dead weight upon tho
income of the country as the interest of the National Debt in Enghind."

The interference of Parliament, therefore, he adds, to be really useful, must
not only go to the extent of reducing the rate of interest on the debt already
contracte(l, but must also funiish the additional funds required to make the [last
expenditure productive by the com|detion of the works.

The plan proposed by him for the acconi]ilisliment of this double object is, that
tho British " Treasury should be authorized to raise a loan to the ainount of a
million and a half, the proceeds to be apjilied, first, to the liquidation, Vii par, of
the Canadian debt, and the residue for the completion of such public works as
might be deemed expedient.

" The debt to be made a first charge uj)on Canadian revenues before all other
debt, if any afterwards be contracted by tho province, and to be specially provided
for as such by the Canadian Legislature.

" All tolls or other securities which had been mortgaged to the provinc" as
security for the present debt, to be made over in the same way. The Canadian
stockholders to be compelled to receive their money at par, or new stock at a
price proportionate to it.

" No portion of the fund applicable to public works to be expended on any
work wliich was not wholly and absolutely under the direction of the Executive
Government, whether private stockholders had or had not any interest in the
undertaking."

By following this course. Lord Sydenham observed, the two-fold object would
be accomplished, of relieving the province from an annual charge upon the whole
debt of nearly Two per cent., and of preventing the stockholders from obtaining
the unfair advantage which they would otherwise acquire from the greatly
i:: '-Teased marketable value which their stock would undoubtedly obtain if the
credit of Canada generally were materially raised through the assistance of the
British Government.

- • '^ To

punr.ic WORKS (Canada).

•I

fdllnwiii^ nnswir. <lutc<l
00/..

To tlM**«> (!»>tij>fitrhi's Ijonl Juliii Hiissrll rotiinu-d the
tlic :M <>(' Mil) IMl :

•' Vim liMVc statcil tlicilclit of the Uniti-d Proviiiro to luiumnt t(» l.'J'Jd,
mill, with till' Nurii rffjuincl tn ,Miin|>l<'tr piiMii- wurk?* iii-<T«i'<!in for llic fn-r
jiiis!.n;ri' bctwiTM tlio wi-storii portimi <it' ilif |irnviiifc, the St. liawrciiiT iiml tlu>
st-a, to iiLiMit l.'iOO.OOO/.

" Till' (jui'cirs (Jovcriiinciit coinoiilt' in your viowi of tlit- rxpriliciwy <»f makiiiif
such itii iinaiijriiiii'iit us may ciiiiiloy tin- <'ri-(lit fif this cnuiitry for thi- iK'iulit of
till- lidaiicc."* of C'aiiaihi, ami liuvt- ;,'ivtn tla-ir lii-st cons^iiU'nUiou to the |ilnn pro-
jMisfil ill ymi' (h'>*|iatch('s.

" Tlii'v arc of o|ii;iioii that such an armii^i'mcnt, if carrii-il into »'H"wt, with thir
consent of the crrililiir", wmiid In- in every way ilixirahle ; lint they feel that the
oltjections to a Kill eoTii|nlliiif: jiarties to reeeive payment of their money in hrearh
of a^rrei'meiits entereil into with tlu-ni liy eo!ii|Htent authority, are in)*n|ierahle.

" Hit .MaJestVN (iovermiunt are reaily to jjive any assistance, in eonforniity
witli yoiir |iro)iosal, wiiicii iloes not appear to tlu'in inconsistent with jjooil faith.
They are ready to projiose to I'arliament to jiunnuitoc a loan which may he re-
fjiiired for |pul>!ic works (iiiider the restrictions snjjgested by yon) for the repiiy-
inent of Kuch part of the dtht as may be now redeemable, or may l»o held by
creditors, wlio shall declare themselves williu;; > ^ accept reasonable terms.

" With re^rd to this latter sum, it apjiears to ihe Government most e.\|H'dient
that you should fix such terms as you may consider suflieient to induce the crt'-
ditors to accept the jiroposed oijuivalent (not of course exceeding 100/. for every
nominal 100/. lent), that you should make known such tender in such way as
may ajipear tc you most advisable, giving the holders suflicient notice and infor-
mation, ami fixing a given day before which the willingness of the parties to accept
such oiler sliould be sent in.

" To do this, an Act of the Canada Legislature will be necessary ; and when
that is obtained, the subsequent arrangements might be made, or through some
party dejiuted on the part of the Canadas to this country, with full instructions.

" Upon receiving the information of the assent of tho parties accejiting the
terms jnoposed, the necessary means may be taken in this country to raise the
requisite funds; and it may be exjieilient that you should fix the day for paying
oiF such assenting creditors, and other claims, at a time when the Parliament of
this country is sitting; for should it be necessary to have recourse to a loan, such
a measure has always been considered optn to objection during the prorogation of
Parliament."

The subject was then laid by Lord Sydenham before the Canadian legislature,
and the following is aii extract of his speech upon that occasion :

" Many subjects of deep ini]iortance to the future welfare of the |)rovince
demand your early attention, upon some of which I have directed bills to be pre-
pared, which will be submitted for your consideration.

" Amongst them, first in imiiortance at the jiresent juncture of aifairs, is the
adoption of measures for developing tho resources of the province by well con-
sidered and extensive jiublic works.

" The rapid settlement of the country, the value of every man's property within
it, the advancement of liN future fortunes, are deeply alFected by this ({uestion.

" Tho improvement of the navigati»)n from the shores of Lake Erie and Iiako
Huron to the ocean, the establishment of new internal conmiunications in the
inland districts, are works requiring a great outlay, but promising commensurate
returns. To undertake them successfully, large funds will undoubtedly be rc(|uired,
and the financial condition of the jirovince, as it stands at jiresent, would seem to
forbid the attemjit. But I have the satisfaction of informing you, that I have
received authority from Iler Majesty's Government, to state that they are pre-
jiared to call on the Imperial Parliament to alford their assistancj towards these
important undertakings.

" In the full belief that peace and tranriijillity will be hajipily re-established in
this Jirovince, under the constitution, settled by Parliament ; and that nothing but
a relief from its most pressing difficulties is wanting to its rajiid advancement to
prosjierit), they will jirojiose to Parliament, by aHbrding the guarantee of tho
Imjierial Treasury, for a loan to the extent of no less than 1,500,000/. sterling, to
aid the jmivince, for the <loublu jiurjiose of diminishing the pressure of the interest
on the imblic debt, and of enabling it to proceed with those public undertakings

Page jfi.

^^SSA^

.'J<J5-

I 4

whose

\~*

PAPKHS UELATING TO

II :

?si

wlioso |>roj(rp9s duriii); tlf last fiw jvnrs has been arrested by the (ii.aiirinl

•lilliculficM. . 1 r I •

" I shall tlircrt a imsi-iin- to In- Mihrnittttl to yon, cinlinuint,' a |»liui for thiM
|)nr|)o!»i', and I shall lay hilon von. for your information, and that of tin- people
of Canada, extracts from tin- desjiatches which convey to me this most gratifying
assurance."

From these doeuments, it will appear that the object which Her Majesty's
Oovirnment had in view in lH4l. was to render s.-ch assistance to Canada aa
minht enable the United Province to improve its financial i)osition, and to
ailvanee the most nert>«*ar_v pnblic works; anri it was siijiposed that Imth theso
object- mi^rht adecpiately be eirecte<l by •,Miamiiteelng a loan to the I'nited I'ro-
vitic- of |,?)()(),()0().

Tlie tiiianeial arramrements, however, actually proposed by Lord Sydenham to
fl>e f nnailian Le^n-latnre, and adopted l)y them, is very ditt'en-nt from this.

Till t arrangement, it is true, bits for its basis the puarnnteed loan of 1,500,000/.
bii» ;'iiere is added to this a further loan of l,05(),r)H9/., which is proposed to bo
raisi'd excluHively for the execution of |)nblic works, making a total proposed debt
of 3,l.'>f).(iH2/.

Uer Majesty's flovermnent have given to this financial project, and the aotH
tiy wliicii it is imij'osed to carry it into effect, their most deliberate and anxiouR
eonsidenition ; and liie result of that consideration has been to impress upon them
a very strong conviction ihat the measures, if acted upon in their present form,
far from relieving, would ha\e the effect of seriously embarrassing the finances of
the province, while they are ha|)py to believe that, by the adoption of a dilFerent
mode of applying the credit of the mother country, substantia! relief may be
affonled, and the great objects contemjdated by the two Acts now before me, and
recitui in the Preamble to No. 33, may be as speedily, and more advantageously
and economically effected.

The existing Canadian del)t is stated by Lord Sydenham at 1,226,000/., and the
annual interest at 72,537/. ; to p.iy off this debt, and to carry on certain public
works, it is proposed to raise, muier tlie guarantee of the British Government, a
sum of 1,500,000/., the interest upon which, at four per cent., will amount
annually to 00,000/.

Tlure would thus, no doubt, be a reduction of interest payable by Canada, to
the amount of about 12,000/. a year, besides a sum aj)plicable to public purposes
of about 274,000/.

On the other hand, it appears, by a subse(iuent letter from Lord Sydenham, that
the debt of the province has been since increased by a sum of 100,000/. for the
purchase of shares in tlie Wellund Canal, and 26,000/. authorized to be raised in
East Canada for public works.

Setting these last-mentioned sums apart. Lord Sydenham calculated the surplus
income of the province at 3,1 19/., to which would have to be added the interest
on the present debt, v.hich would bo paid off, amounting to 72,537/., making in all
75,056/. to meet the interest on the substituted debt of 1,500,000/,, at four per
cent., or 00,000/. ; and the interest at five per cent, on the additional loan of
1,078,682/. or nearly 84.000/., in all 144,000/., leaving an annual deficit, exceed-
ing 68,000/.

Lord Sydenham seems to have been fully aware that this second loan would b®
a severe trial to the finances of the province ; and in his message to the Legisla-
tive Assembly, dated the 20th of August 1841, on the subject of the proj)osed
public worths, he alludes to the following, as means by which the burden of this
additional charge might be considerably lightened.

1st. A reduction of interest to the extent of between 15,000/. and 20,000/.
a year on the existing debt, to be effected by the guaranteed loan.

2d. The surplus on the L'uarauteed h)an, afti t providing what is required to
])ay off t isting debt, by means of which ^,(<rd Sydenham calculated that a

further saviiig of interest might be effected of about 0,000/. a year.

3d. The assumption by the province of the is of j)aper payable on demand,
^vhich is now enjoyed by private bankers or by iii .duals.

4th. A wise and prudent re-adjustment of the custom duties, which the union
of the tw o provinces has now placed within the coutroi of the Legislature.

The

I'lniJC WORKS (CANADA.

Thr rcfltirtififi of inton'Ht <iii tlu* fxi*;inir Cnim>liHn ili'lit, wliich i-. ilir fir<t nf
tlicM- four iti-ni^ li:i'^ (hm-ii aln-inlv allowcil for to tlic fXtiMit of IJ.OUll/. in nilcu-
lKtiii>r tlic |irf.l»iil>lf tU'ficit.

Tin- Mir|i|iis on tin- ;:n!ir:int 1 loan wonl'l ••irtuiiily Ik- an iiii|Nirtaiit fuml ; hut

tlic holies of liorrowinj; -74,<lOO/. more than i<< riM|uir('<l, in orilt-r to i'iial)li- new
«»hlijf!itions to ]»• rotitnirttil, in at li-ant (jtii'stionalilf.

Till- tliinl n's<iurn' calriilatftl upon ran now Ix- of no ctVirt. hccaiiM- Lonl
SvdcnliJim. tinilinii tliat In- ^-lionlil l»' inialilf to carrv lii«- |)!an for tlic exclusive
n.'<>-uiii|'li"ii of tlic i*«uc of paiM r li_v the I'roMneial (iuveniiricnt, pruilcntly aliaii-
donc.l it, ami an Act has been |iassc<l instcatl, conlinniiiij tliu iirivilcjjcH enjoyed
by the Hunkv.

The fourth item, therefore, i> the only one on wliich any rcliiince can 'h' jtlaced
for u set-otr to the new charj;i' wliich would lie ini|ioM-il n|ion the |irovincc liy
having' to providu for the intcn-st of the itijilitional loan. There in reiL><on to
C'XiH-ct that the recent reviHion of the C'anailiaii custom --ystcni will he |iroilucti\e
of an incn-iise ()f revenue; l«iil the re«iilt of tliiM nicaxin- is, as yet. much too
uncertain to render it site to contract a load of delit, which, unless the nicnHure
fihonld he coni|>lcteiy succei^hful, would entail the nio8t McriouH eonxctjuenfuM on
the province.

lliOHO calculations, moreover, are founded on two mipjMwitions. hoth of which
appear to he o|M'n to fjrave douht : 1st. That all the exist injj creditors will con-
Bcnt to be paid oil"; and iid. That the additional loan can ho niisj-d on the
credit of the province, nt a rate of interest not exceeding.' five percent. I'liless
these propositiouH can Im- estahlisheil. the result to the jirovince will ln> even more
unfavourahle than I have hitherto assumed it to Ik'. Now, it appears obvious,
with repird to the first, that in the event of the ISritisli (iovcrnnicnt ;i-uarantcein)j
the public debt of Canada, the stockholders will have no inducement to accept
(and, unless willinjr, cannot be com|>elle(l to .iccept) .i lower rate of inti-rcst than
they have now a ri<;ht to claiin ; and that the debentures, which are now, |M'rliaps,
nominally at 7'> or K(l, will immediately rise to par, and will, to that extent,
au^rment the actual debt of the provinci- ; and lus to the seconil point, if tho
existing; debt of Canaila has been contracti-d at a rate of interest varyinjj from nix
to eijrht jier cent., when it was a first charge upon the revenues, it is <liHlcult to
understaiul how a fresh loan can be raised on the credit of the |)roviiice at five
j)er cent., when the liiiaiices shall have been charf,'ed with an aiiditional burthen
of l,500,0(i<)/. in the shape of del>t to the mother country.

Tliese combined considerations have led my ccdleagmv and myself to the con-
clusion, that, consistently with our duty and with the intcre.st of Canada itself,
it will not be possible for us to advise Her Majesty to assent to tiie two Acts which
are now under consideration ; and it devolves therefore upon me to instruct you
to take the earliest ojiportunity of brinj^inj; the whole subject, fully and unreserv-
edly, under the review i>f the Provincial Legislature.

You will state to them that they and Her Majesty's (iovernnient can have in
view but one and the same object, that, namely, of applying the credit of tho
mother country to the promised amount of 1,500,000/. in such a manner as
most ett'ectually, most economically, and most I)eneficially to the province, shal
conduce to the maintenance of public credit, and to the promotion of those great
undertakings of internal improvement, which may ultimately make an ample
return for the original outlay, but upon which, unassisted, the province could not
safely enter.

In purstiance of this view, lam to acquaint you that Her Majesty's Government
are of ojnnion that it would be inexpedient to interjiose the credit of this country
between the province and the creditors under the existing debt ; and that it is
more for the advantage of the province that the aid to be rendered should l)e
applied exclusively to the jtromotion of the great vorks intended to be under-
taken, than to effecting any reduction in the interest of the debt as it stands at
present. Her Majesty's Covcrnment are not unaware that by thus advancing
their credit upon a secondary rather than on a first security, they are incujring a
greater pecuniary risk than was contemplated by Lord Sydenham, but they arc
■willing to incur this risk for tbe puqiose of maintaining to its fullest extent the
pledge given in the name of the British Government, and at the same tin avoiding

595- K th9

. \'\

fi i i

I'AI'KUS KKLATIN(i TO

till- |.n.lm»tl<- iiiroiiv. iii.ii.T »•. tlir (itiiuK'ial (iHiiir* ..f Canmln. wliicli thoy cannot
liiit niiti<i|.ittc fn.iii a litinil <«m|iliaii<-<' «illi l-or-l SvilcnliamH ••iijrajrriiicnt* lis
iiitirpr. tr.l l.v th.- twn Arts iit'tlif Cuiiailiun liop-lutiirt-. wm-iitfil to bv liiiii the
(lav lH-r*irc IiIn <lfatli.

Yiai will a«-i|iiniiit tli«' Pntxiiiciiil Piirlinnicnt tiiat alllioujjii \\vt >[iij«««t)'»
(iKMriiiin-fit inav entertain reaMinalile il<iulit«< lu* to tin- mifFieieney of the estimated
tiMr|.ln>.. e\en nller the aii^'iiu ritatifin which niav he expeeted from the now cu«-
toiMH iliitii's t" provide for the interest of the two lioaiis |(ro|>om'd to he con-
Inieted. they do not ilonht that tlie I'roviiicial Keveiiiie tlniM nii^miented, will
t-nalde tlie loeal l<e;fi>.lutnre to enter, if nrniicninltered with other (ddipitionN, Into
m-frotiatioiiM with the ereditor* nnder thr- existin>> ileht. nnri either t«> continuo
dnrin" tlie terms of tln-ir n's|M(tive en^fa^jements the preKent rate of inttTONt, or
to i'Xtin;rni>.|i the delit hy nmtnal ajrreenient before the period Htipniated under
the pre-ent en;;ii>jenient, Im far more favonnibie terniH than tlie Hritixli (Jovernmcnt
I'oidii do, if fhev were to beeoine n-sponxiide for the amount. Tliat Her Majesty's
(lovtrnnient therefore do not pro|M>se to interfere witli the existin;,' debt ; but
that with the view of fnrtherin;.' the important ohjeets contemplated hy the Act
numl)ere(l 'JH, they propose to pled;;e the credit of tlun country to n sum not
cxct-edinx l,r)(HMMM»/. to Im- advanced to the province from time to time in such
proportions as nniy Im- re<piired at 4 per cent, and witli a proviidon to be made for
a hinkiiii; fninl nt the rate of not hw than 5 p«T cent, per annum of the principal,
to Im> secured in the firxt inntance upon the tolls of the works to Im> undertaken,
and takin;,' vm a <-oilatenil K-cnrity the ordinary revenues of the j>rovinct', tho
char^je to rank next in order to the ohli^tions now by law |icTmant>ntly attaching
to the consolidated fund.

It remains to bo considered what are the public works towards tho accomplish-
ment of whicli it would be most desirable that the credit of this country should bo
a|iplied ; and I a|)prehend that there can be no doulit, as to tho principle to bo
applied, in selecting such as partake least of a local, and most of a peneral cha-
racter, as tend most to the extension of the preat lines of communication, and the
promotion of trade and intercourse rather than such as tend more to the immediate
local advantage of particular districts. These last are objects perhaps for aid from
the Provincial Treasury, but primarily to bo promoted by local exertion Tho
former arc objects of colonial, and I may even add, of national interest and im-
portance.

Foremost among thom stands the improvement of the navigation of the St. Law-
i ronce ; this mighty stream, with its cliain of lakes and its tributary rivers, forms
j the great natural highway of Canada, and not only of Canada, but also of a great
\ portion of the United States, and of very extensive tracts of unoccupied fertile
1 country, belonging both to ourselves and our neighbours, which will form flourish-
ing states and provinces in the time of our children and grandchildren.

To throw this great highway completely open, by means of substantial and per-
manent public works, would be an undertaking worthy of British enterprise, and
one which, although chiefly and primarily essential to the advancement of Canada,
would probably, both in a commercial and political point of view, not be without
its advantage to the mother country.

The steps which have been already taken for this purpose have fully established
the practicability of the plan ; but they have likewise proved that it cannot be
properly or economically accomplished by desultory and comparatively unskilled
efforts, or without a more effective system of superintendence than has yet been
applied to the undertaking.

The cost of the works on the direct line of the navigation of the St. Lawrence
and the lakes, as estimated by the Canada Board of Works, is 1,200,182/.

liesidcs which, the following olyects arc properly included by the Canadian
Board of Works in the first class of public works :

Harbours and lighthouses on Lakes Ontario and Erie, and roads leading thereto,
74,000 i.

Burlington Bav Canal, the object of which is to keep ojten a natural inlet of
Lake Ontario, stretching towards the important towns of Hamilton and London,
45,000/.

River Ottawa, to build bridges and construct slides, 28,000/.

Improvement

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA). -•,

Irn|ir<ivotnciit nf tlii> iiavijrntion nftlie KiviT HiclirliiMi, 'J1,*H)0/.

All wliich piihlio workx, taken t<)(;i'tlii'r, iinxiunt to l.:}<t^.lH*J /.

I do not iirrtcnd to wny that the altovr nri> tli)> \«orks to whirli tlio aid of tiie
mother country "ii^fht to Im- cxclniiivfly dirtM-tod ; Imt they a|i|M-ar to i*oni|>rcli(>nd
thoNo wliicli may cni|ilinticnliy Im> ralliil nntitnial, and arc nioMt |ir<i|H'rly in<dnd<>d
in th<> tin«t ciaMM, innnicrntiHl )>y tlit- Hoard of I'lildic Works uliirli forniM tiu*
ImihIh of thf l*ul)li«' Workx Act That rrport, hoMovcr, livides work« |tn>|M»m'd to
Ik* t'Xii'utfd into thri>«> heads, the seeond of whieii eon^iMts of what are called
main trunk n>adN. I do not at all (|uestion the propriety of u piililie ex|N>niliturii
for olijrctM of this deHcription, ami in aiithorizin;; you to xtate to the I'rovineiul
I'nrlianu'nt. that Her MaJeMty'H (iovernnient will Im' pre|iared to sanetion n loan
of 1,5INI,(N>0/. for the inipntvenient of the puldic rotniniinications in Canada,
whether liy land or water, you will understand that the liej;i>latnre will exeniso
a diHontion an to the works to In- undertaken, so that the improvement of the
St. Lawrenoe and tlie Lakes )h< the first olijeet, and that the total amount to In;
raised on liritish credit do not exceed the stipnlat«>d sum of l,r><KI,<H)()/.

Ah Her Majesty's Govornnu-nt have no wish to derive any pnifit from this
advance of the capital and credit of this <-ouiitry, |irovision may Is' made in the
Act wliich it will \h> necessary to introduce for vesting; the works in the I'ro-
vinrial Parliament, whenever the nri;;iiial r)utlay .shall have Inhii repaid ; and tiio
pmvince should Im- entitled out of the accruing proceeds or otherwise, to pay oH'
from timu to time, such portion of the deht as they may deem expedient, over and
above the stipulated interest and sinking fund. Tlie amount of tol!> vhetlier on
water communication or on roads made at the I'xpense of the pu(>iic, must of
courao bu left to thu discretion of the Local Legislature.

It can hardly Im> douhted that works so extensive, and calculated to produce
fluch important results, ought to \te superintended l>y the best professional assist-
ance which it is possible to obtain. Her Majesty's Covenunent entertain no doubt
of the cvxious desire of the Canadian Board of W'orks to discharge with fidelity th(»
arduous duties which will devolve upon them ; but I can as li^le doubt the anxiety
which they must feci to have associated with them, in such a trust, the best profes-
sional assistance which it is in the |)ower of the mother country to furnish. It is
therefore my intention, in anticipation of the accpiiescence, which I cannot for a
moment doubt, of the Colonial Legislature in the general armngiMuents suggested
by Her Majesty's Government, to send over an oflicer of engineers, whoju, as
Her Majesty's Commissioner, I trust the Legislature will have no ditticulty in
associating with the Board of Works in the superintendence of the works to be
undertaken, and whose experience may probably enable the undertakings to be
conducted with the efficiency and economy which nmst be alike the interest uf
the colony and of this country.

You will communicate this despatch to the Provincial Parliament at their
meeting ; and I trust that by laying before them thus fully and unreservedly the
whole of the motives by which Her Majesty's confidential servants have been
actuated in advising Her Majesty to sus|)end, for the present, the signification of
Her pleasure upon the Acts to which I have referred, you will be enabled to con-
vince them that the only object which they have in view is to a|)ply the ])romise(i
aid of the credit of this country in such a manner as shall be most advantageous
and most economical for the province, and most conducive to the early develojM!-
ment of those great resources which it possesses, and the extension of which
cannot bot tend to strengthen the bonds of affectionate connexion between
Canada and Great Britain.

I trust that, with the assistance of tho& ■ whose advice you can command in the
province, yo« will have no difficulty in submitting to the Legislature such a
measure as wflU carry out the views which I have indicated in this despatch.

I have, &c.
(signeilj Stanley.

.595-

K 2

PAi'KKS KI.I.AT1VI- TO

lis

No. 1.3.

Dc»|mtcli fnim
Sir Chailci llagot
to Lord Stanley,
98 April 1B43.

l'<ige 6y.

— No. 13. —

^No. 00.)
ExTRArTolii Ui:Sl»ATCH from tl.c Hiirli» liouourable Sir C'/wr/w liayot, Burt.

<;. t. It. to l.oiil StanUri.

Ciovcniuicnt Iloiisi', Kingston,
i:'' April 1H42.

Voir Lonlslii|)'s (Icsi.atch of tlu' -iil instant, No. 112, on the sulycct of tlifi
(riiaraiitcf liv tlic Iloini' (lovcninicnt of a loan in aid of tiu- resourci-s of this
provincf, rcjiclu tl nic at Tnionto on the UJlh ini^lant. The importance of the
subject, and the little time wliieli I liavi- yet had for eonsitlering it, must
prevent mv expnssin^ any decided opinion re^'pecfing the cliaiif^c at the present
moment. As far as I can see. Iiowever, it is nearly if not (juite as advantageous
to the province as the arrangement proposed hy Lord Sydenham ; though to
the mother rnuntrv it is of course less >o, inasmuch as the guarantee whicli they
oHer will no longer hi' secured as a primary charge on the provincial revenue.

There are, however, fine or two points in your despatch to which I feel it my
duty to call your Lordship's early attention. Vou direct me to lay your despatch
before the Legislature at its juxt meeting ; and you observe, that I am to under-
stand that the Legislature will exercise a discretion as to the works to be under-
taken, so tli;it the improvement of tiie St. Lawrence and the Lakes be the first
object, i would submit for your Lordship's consideration whether it would not

be advisable to moiiifv this instruction.

##■#♦»#**•

There was at this time no officer within the province responsible for the esti-
inat(S and ]ilans of such itriprovrments; iiud accordingly committees of the
Assend)ly used to be appointed, composed of unprofessional persons, by whom
the e>timates and plans sulimitted to the House were revised ami altered. It
is wrll known tliat under tliis system many work> were commenced on noto-
riously insufficient estimates, in the certainty that when t\w. first outlay had been
incurred, the province would not allow it to be altogetiier thrown away, but
would grant tlie additional sums necessary to carry on tlu' work. This was the
case especially with the Wolland and St. i awrence Canals, on which a large
|)ortion of the debt of I'pper (Canada lias been expended.

\\'hen Lord Sydenham arrived in Canada, he tound a Hoard of Works esta-
blished in the Lower Province under an ordinance of the special council, the
chairman ef w hich was a Montreal lawyer, and the members gentlemen engaged
in commercial pursuits : in Upper Canada ,'o such body existed at all. Early
in 1840 he proceeded to reorganise the Lower Canada lioard, and appointed as
its chairman Mr. Killaly, a civil engineer, formerly employed under the Board
of Works in Ireland, and selected as its subordinate officers individuals who had
received a pri>fessionai education. By an Act passed during the last session of
the Ligislature, this Board was entrusted with the duty < f preparing all esti-
mates and plans for public works within the entire province, and with the
application of all monies voted for them by the Legislature. Tiie system of
irresponsible committees formerly prcvaili.ig in Upper Canada was thus got rid
of, and a guarantee affi)rded that no work should be proposed to thi Legislature
except with an authentic estimate of its entire probable cost, and with a security
for the due -application of any sum that might be voted by them for it.

It may no doubt be said that the clause of the Union Act by which the initia-
tion of money votes is reserved to the Government, and the provisions of the
Board of Works Act to which I have before referred, would enable the Govern-
ment to resist any such irregular proceedings ; but I would beg your Lordship
only to consider what would be the pressure on the local Execui"e if it could be
])lausibly represented that they were using their legal powers to resist not only
the provincial Legislature, but the Home Government, by whom the money was
to be raised. Such a resistance would end in defeat, and in the most extreme
unpopularity.

Under all these circumstances, I would request your Lordship's pe. mission,
instead of laying before the Houst; your despatch hi extcnso, to lay before it only
so much as explains the nature of and reasons for the change in the scheme
proposed by Lord Sydenhaui ; leaving to the Uovernruent to i)ropose, on its own

responsibility,

/«^

PUBLIC WOHKS (CANADA).

T(*pon«ibiHty, and in conformity with Knglisli usage, tlie sclionic of works to
li«' orofi-tMlfil witli.

The otliir point on which I think it necessary to make Hime remarks, i* the
iipiioinlinent of an en<rineer officer as Commissioner on the part of Her Majesty's
(iovernnient to suj erinteiid fiie execution of the works. I have already men-
tioned that the present cliairman of the Hoard of \\ orks is ii |»rofessional ^jen-
tleman formerly eni|doved under tiie Hoard of Works iii Inland, and 1 enclose
licrewitli a copy of a communication which he has addressed to me u|)on this
subject. I transmit this jjaper, because I fear that some misapprehension may
exist in F.n<;land, in re^'rd to the present composition of the Board. Uf course
as Her Majesty's Governru'nt providt; the funds with which the public works
are to be tronducted, it is but reasonable that they sliould iiave a share in the
nuinafrement of if, if so dcsireil. To such an a|)pointmeiH Mr. Killaly would
not I am sure object, but it would be highly desirable that the person to be
selected should be a civil and not a military eufiiueer. Tiu' rules of the military
service render officers of the royal engineers res|)onsible to their own immediate
superiors, and to no one else ; they correspond only through them, and receive
their instructions in the same course. Wliere employed on civil works, this
system inevitably produces delay and confusion, and not unfrcijuently collisions
of authority. In every instance, I believe, in w'lich civil and military engineers
have been placed on the same works in this province, and the instances are not
infrequent, these inconveniences have arisen. If, however, your Lordship would
select a civil engineer to c()-o|K;rate with the Board of Works as Her Majesty's
Commissioner, 1 do not apprehend that any dittij-idty need exist ; none i am sure
would be made l)y Mr. Killaly. But I apprehend that the Legislature would
view with some dislike the ap|)oiutinent of a military man, the rules of whose pro-
fession, as they know from experience, would pn vent them iVom ie(|uiring from
him that full informutiou which thev would at once obtain from a civilian.

Enclosure in No. lU.

Kingston, Hoard of Works OfTico,
Sir, 28 April liU-2.

I TAKE the liberty of niakini; a. few remarks connected v>itli the prucewliiigs and orjja- Kntl. i:i No. 13.
iiizntidu of tlic Uoitn! of Works of this province, wliicli sink;' me as Ijeiiiuc necessary to
correct a niisapprehension that (tVoin portions of the despatelies your Kxceilency Inid
before Council yesterday) appears to exist in P.nglantl respecting tlint department.

Upon Lord Sydenham's arrival in Canada, he found a Board of Works estahlnhed in the
Kastern portion of it, the chairman of wliich was a lawyer, and the other members gentle-
men engaced in mercantile pursuits. Under their control and direction were the several
works then being carried on. In the Western section (formerly Upper Canada) the mana>^c-
uient of public expenditure for such purpotres was in the hands of several Commissioners,
named from time to time by the Farliament for the rt,'S|)ective works ; the appointment of
these Commissioners, the amount of appropriations eutrusled to them, the objects on which
they were to be expended, were all, in tact, dependent on Parliamentary influence, and
too often regulated hy political cabal, all of which gave rise to a system which, for profit-
less outlay of public money, could only be compared to the abuse of the grand jury
presentment system which existed in Ireland prior to the formation of the Boarcf of Works
under Colonel Burgoyne in that country.

Lord Sydenham s hrst step was to recognise the Board of Works of Lower Canada, and
upon the Union Act being passed, to extend its powers to the province at large. Pending
the general establishment of the Board, and previous to the meeting of Parliament, 1 pre-
pared, by order of the Governor, detailed memoranda resp'?cting all the works of every
description, either in progrets or in contemplation, amounting to about ten millions of
pounds, f had no difbculty in pointing out the inadequacy of the means of the province
to those undertakings; the impropriety of many v( theui ; the expediency of abandoning
(at least for some years) others upon which very great outlay would be necessary, and of
substituting thofe which, although involving conipai-atively but little cost, would fully meet
the wants of the country, not only for the present, but lor a long period to come.

Upon these memoranda were chiefly bused the principles of the Appropriation Bill passed
last session, and by them was governed the general estimate of all works then proposed to
be undertaken, amounting to about one million and a half.

My being appointed to the highly responsible otiice of chc.irman of the Board of Works
upon its reorganization, I presume was owing tu the fact of my having exercised the pro-
fession of civil engin(!er for nearly 20 years previous to my coming to this country; to my
full acquaintunce with uU the great works of Britain; my knowledge of this country and its

595' K 3 "unts^

PAPERS RELATIVE TO

I'b

wanto, arquiretl durint; a residence of eight years in it ; to the position ( hold in public
estimation, evinced by niv return as a member of the Assembly ; butnlxivc all, to li'lU-rs of
reromr.ienditlion from Lord Slanliv to Sir John Colborne, from (iemral Hiifiroyne, iiml the
Irish Board of Works, under whom I had been extensively employed, and prior to the
cstubhshmen t of whuh I had the honor of being largely and confidentially employed by the
Irish covernment for many years.

Until the last year or two the province lalx.ured under a great dearth of enaineenng
skill, the natural consequence of the sysU'm already allii(ie<l to, and the I'Hects ot «hieli
are but too evident from the present dilapidated state of most of the public works ; but
since the establishment of this Board professional men of high standing, cliieti • from
England and Scotland, hav settled in the country, who have most tiedilable testmioniaU
ai) to their capabilities from the late Mr. Telford, Messrs. Brunei, Walker, and others i.f the
roost eminent men in England ; and under whose immediate superintendence all public
works are now carried on ; the detailed plans and construction of which will bear compy.ri-
win safely with the most celebrated in I'.urope.

I would not have your Excellency infer that I am in the slightest degree indisposetl to
act in concert with any person that the Imperial (iovernment may think fit to send out
either as commissioner or engineer; but I am free to cinifess that in the former capacity
I see much political difficulty, which it is not necessary to enter upon now, it having beea
stated by seveial of the Council yesterday. 1 fori'see no embarrassment likely to be created
by the a))pointment of an engineer to the Board, scjiected at home ; the gentleman at present
filling that oHice coulu be placed upon some of the works, for the management of which
his practice and acf|uirenieiits perfectly qualify liim; but it may not be unnecessary to
remark that thi' peculiar severity of the frost of this ])rovince, the nature id" the materials,
rates of labour and work, Sic. Sec. render it more than desirable that a professional man,
however competent he may be, should, in order to practise or advise in Canada, with credit
to himself and safety to the public iiiterest, have had previous acquaintance with it, or with
a country under similar circumstances.

I have, kc.

To His Excellency Sir C. Bagot, (signed) Hamilton //. Kitlnli/.

8tc. &c. &c.

No. 14.
Despatch from
Sir C. Dagot
to Lord Stanley.
G May 1642.

^J^^\

— No. 14. —
(No. loi.^
Extract of a DESPATCH from the Right lionourable Sir Charles Bar/ot, Bart.

G. c. u. to Lord Stanley.

Government House, Kingston,
6 May 1842.

SiNC E I addressed your I ordship on the 28th ultimo relative to the course whieh
Her Majesty's Govcrnnieii^ hove decided to pursue in respect to the Acts passed
by the Legislature of this pro\ ince during their last session, for raising a loan and
for carrying on pui)lic improvements, the subject has, I need hardly observe, en-
gaged my most serious attention. As further reflection has convinced me that it
would be much more advantageous to this province that the scheme proposed by
the late Governor-general, and approved by the two Houses of the Legislature
should not be interfered with, and that the difference between that scheme and
what Her Majesty's present Government announce their intention to bring for-
ward, is not essential, I feel it my duty to explain to your Lordship the grounds
of tiiat opinion, in the hope that my despatch may yet be in time to obtain from
Her Majesty's Government a reconsideration of the subject. In performing this
duty, it will be convenient that I should first address myself to the objections
urged in your Lordship's despatch against the scheme embodied in the two Acts
now under consideration.

Your Lordship, after recapitulating the correspondence between Lord Syden-
ham and Lord John Russell on the subject of the loan, and adverting to Lord
Sydenham's message to the Legislature of the 20th August, proceeds as follows :
" From these documents it would appear, that the object which Her Majesty'ii
Government had in view in 1841, was to render such assistance to Canada as
might enable the United Province to improve its financial position, and to ad-
vance the most itvicessary public works ; and it was supposed that both tiiese ob-
jects might adequately be effected by guaranteeing a loan to the United Province
of 1,500,000/. The financial arrangemeur, however, actually proposed by Lord
Sydenham to the Canadian Legislature, and adopted by them, is very different
from this. Tnat arrangement has, it is true, for its basis, the guaranteed loan of
1,500,000/., but there is added to this a further loan of 1,659,682/,, which is pro-
posed to be raised exclusively for the execution of public works; making a total
proposed debt of 3,15tf,682/."

: L

I'UBLIC WORKS (CANADA)

If I riplitiv intorprot tlieso words, your Lonlsliij) lu-ro ussumcs tliat Her
MHJrvtv's fiiniii-r (lovcmincnt t xp<vt»(i that, ht yond tin- siiri)lu«t arising on the
lojiii <>i 1,;">0(),<M)()/. after paying oH' the (It'l)t, no ininndian! outlay wouhl Ih;
rwiiiirttl on puldii- works. It is, of course, im]M^^sihlt• for nie to .say wht'tht-r this
ii!<siiniption ht! correct ; hut I feci convinced that it was not Lord Sydenham's
o\Mi nitiiniMfj. and tliat in liis opinion tliere was no discrepancy hetween the
arran<:;i inent which lie always advocate d, and to which he su|)posed himself to
hiivf '>l)fainid the consent of the (Joveniment, and that which he projwsed to
the provincial Lepslai lire. In his despatch to Lord .loiin Riisseil, of the iid
Fehniary 1841, he deserilK'S in the followin^r terms the objects of the loan: —
" What i-i retpiired." he .-ays, "is such aid as shall at one and at the same time
dinii'iish tlie annual i har>:e upon tlie |>rovincial treasury for debt already in-
einird, and, liy raiding the credit of tiie province, enable it to obtain the addi-
tional funds reipiired to make its fresh expenditure productive." And, again,
he observes, that the loan, by so greatly enhancing the credit of the province,
any further sums it may he 1ou!h1 neces.sary to raise, in order fully to complete
the works, will he obtainable at a low rate of interest, even upon provincial
security alone ;" wiiile, in illustrating the bad ert'ects of the existing emiiarniss-
iiients, and the manner in wliich the loan should l)e applied to relieve them, he
adduces as an example the Welland Canal, which he states would re<juire an
expenditure of iOO,000/. (nuire than the whole surplus of the loan) to keep it
o])in. But if ny dou' i could exist on the subject, it would be removed by
adverting to the course adopted by him in communicating to the House of
Asseinldy Lord J. Russell's despatch of the 3d May 1841. Feeling, apparently,
that the first sentence of the portion of that despatch headed " Finance" might,
when separated from the previous correspondence, seem to imply that the ri-sidue
of the 1,')0(),000/. was considered as ail that would be reipiired for public works,
his Lordship, in sending that despatch to the Legislaturi', added, in a note to the
first paragraph, the worils : " In addition to what can be raised by the province ;"
thus showing, in the most unequivocal manner, his own interpretation of the
correspondence. It is only necessary to add, that the slightest ri'ference to the
works to he completed would have shown that a sum of 274,000/. would be
altogether inadequate ; nor would the Legislature hav<' accepted the guarantee,
had it been coupled with a condition that no fresli i .::t, should be raised.

The next objection is, that Lord Sydenham's estirn. w of tlie means of meeting
the interest upon the fresh debt is erroneous. Your L(>rdsliip observes that the
existing Canadian debt is stated at 1,220,000/., bearing an annual interest of
72,037/. ; that to pay off this, and carry on certain public works, it is pro-
posed to raise 1,500,000/., the interest of wh'.- 1; at 4 per cent, will be tfO,000/.,
and that there would thus be a reduction of interest of only 12,000/. a year, and
that the interest on the nev^ loan at 5 per cent, would amount to 84,000/.,
making in all an annual interest of 144,000/., and leaving an annual deficit on
the existing revenue of upwards of 68,000/. It appears to me that these calcu-
lations are not altogether correct. The interest upon the existing debt of
1,220,000/. at 4 per cent, would amount to 49,040/., being a saving of 23,497/.
as compared witli the present interest. Tlieie would then remain a sum of
274,000/. British sterling, equal to 295,920/. provincial sterling, raised at an
interest of 4 per cent., or 11,836/., to be applied to the purposes for which the
new loan was intended, which, assuming the estimates in the Act, c. 28, to be
correct, would leave only the sum of 1,363,762/. of that loan to be raised at
5 per cent., or 68,188/. a year. The interest, then, on the whole debt would
stand thus : —

Interest on Debt paid off - - -
Ditto on portion of new Debt, at 4 per cent.
Ditto on new Debt, at 5 per cent.

Total - -

£.

49,040
11,836

68,188

X. d.

P«g* 5 ' •

£. 129,004 - -

making the total deficiency upon the revenue, supposing it to remain as esti-
mated by Lord Sydenham, 53,408/.

The direct means by w hich Lord Sydenham proposed to meet this increa.sed
interest were the establishment of a hxaV. of issue, and tlie readjustment of the

595 • K 4 customs

[-*>

li:H

Page 76.

1 'I

|0 PAFEllS KELATIVE TO

custom* duties. The firnt of tlu-sc iiiear-urw <li<l not, it ix trii»>, me»'t with tlip
concurn iiei.' of tlic Asm-iii* 'y ; but iu li<ii of it tlu-y iinpoMtl, by tiie Act t & .'•
Vict. c. '2U, u «luly of 1 |H;r ii-iit. on the notes and bili-^ in ririniiitiou by private
Imnks, by wlii(li,H^-uiiiiii<r tli( circulation only ti> remain as it was at tiiat date,
and not to incritiM.-, an amiiMil revenue of upwards of lo.ooo/. a year would
boerciited. By tlie second, it was calculated that a revenue of 70,0t)(i/. a year
would be olitidned ; anti consiileriuf; lliat Canada is aim(>~t entirely an untaxed
country ; that its population is daily and hourly i^crea^in<,^ and that the higii
rate of wa^es enables the ureat bulk ol' tiie lowir orilcrs to cousume a much
hirfier proportion of imported luxuries than are consumed by the same class in
older countries, it is scarc<lv p(i>sible lo believj' that such uu increase may not
be depended on ; and even if the increase did not arise, yet, as the loan was to
b«- raised on the responsibility of the (iovernor, in proportion as it was required,
it would he in his power at any time to arrest tiie issue of fresh debentures until
the means of payiufX the interest upon them should be provided. It is, more-
over, to be observed, that the tolU and other revenues directly arisinj; from theso
works are in this calculatiim alto^tther set aside; thoufjh experience shows that,
as fur as the more fref|uented roads and bridjics an- concerned, the tolls are suffi-
cient, not only to make repairs and pay th»! interest, but to aH'ord a very consi-
derable profit.

But vour I.crdship observes, that Lord Sydenham's calculati< ns are foiinded
on two'siippositions, both of wliicli appear to be open to f^rave doid)t. First,
that all the existing creditors will consent to be paid off; second, that the
additional loan can be raised on the credit of the ])ro. .nee at a rate of interest
not exceeding r» per cent. In respect to the fivst of these suppo itions, I would
observe that, as tlie residue of the loan was to !)■ applied to public works, the
arraTigenient contemplated by the Act would approach to that which Her Ma-
jesty's Government have now announced their intention to propose, in exact pro-
portion as the existing creditors refused to be paid off; so that if the whole of
those creditors should so refuse, the j);an contemplated by the Act, and that sanc-
tioned bv yo\ir Lordsiiip, would be exactly identical. \Vilh respect to the second
stipposition, any opinion must of course be conjectural ; but considering that in
1835 the province of Upper Canada, at a time when it was already burdened
v.ith a considerable debt ; when it was without the power of increasing its re-
venue bv direct taxation, and when its political position was certainlj' not more
favourable than that of the United Province at the present moment, was able to
raise a sum of 400,000 /. in the London market at 5 per cent., and to sell its
debentures at a premium, it does not seem unreasonable to expect that United
Canada might have bei n aide to conclude an equally favourable bargain aft( r its
reveniu'S have been relieved by the generosity of the mother country, and after
it had established its financial eharacte. ''y showing in its revision of its customs
duties, and in other measures, a delermination to accom])anj' the raising of fresh
loans with a certain jjiovision to meet the interest upon them.

Having thus noticed the objections urged by your Lordship against the scheme
])roposed by Lord Sydeidiam, and carried out in the Acts now under considera-
tion, I proceed to advert to the arrangement which IJer Majesty's Government
desire to substitute in its place. In my desputch of the 28th ultimo, I expressed
my opinion that this arrangement was " nearly if not quite as advantageous to
the province as the arrangement pro])osed by Lord Sydenham." To a great
extent I continue to adhere to this opinion; that if;, I think that if the course
now proposed had been adopted 4jy Her Majesty's Government, and had been
offered to the Assembly in the first instance, it would have been, to the full, as
advantageous as that which was actually adopted. But the difference of the
circumstances uiuler which it is now brought forward, makes a most essential
distinction between the two plans.

*********

But even if this eudjarra?smcnt were obviated, a much greater and more
fi tal difficulty exists in the delay which the reconsideration of the matter by
the FroNincial and Imperial I^egislatures must involve. On my arrival in
Canada, the first and moM popular duty v/hich I undertook, was the
nutting into operation the public works which had received the sanction of the
Legislature, in the addresses which 1 imve from time to tiTne transtnitted to
your Lordship, yo.i will find amp!e pr<;<>f of the approbation with which this

course

!iM

/o>

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

rourx- lias been viowwl by all tlawM-s and all parties. I enelose a list of those
work!', with a rt'port ol'tlie op-rations now in prapress upon them, and a peneral
cs'iimnte of tlieir cost during the pres«'nt year. The mon ;y neeessarj- up to tlie
prestnt time, Iuih been advanced by the banks on tlic fhitii of the Act^ passed
duriiiir the last session ; but if the <leci-*ion of Her Mnjesty's (Jovemment in
thi- matter be pt-rsisted in, and the settlement of the provincial finanees jK>st-
poned until anotiicr nieetinji of t!ie Imperial Parliament, Mwm- works must lie
at onee arrested ; the eontracts wh?ch have been m.ulc mu-«i bt; abandoned, tlu!
money advanced bv thf banks must be repaid, and a .^tatt of eonfusion, disap-
pointment and distress which it is impossibh' to exatTfjerate miist be producd
thioufihout the eiamtry. Adil to this, that on tin- faith of th<se works unusually
lar^f liodies of emigrants are rcsortin<r to Canada, not from the motlier country
only, but from all parts of the United Statt"^. Already several thousinds have
arrived from the latter ([uarter, and every account leads us to expect that
the uundier of emigrants this year will be greater than any year since
'[H^-2. Hv tile sudden suspension of the public works, all these people would
be left without employment, and no relief which private benevolence or public
contributions can attord, would prevent their being reduced to tiie utmost
destitntiim. But in such a state of things your I.ordsliip will readily conjt'cture
with what feelings the people of this country would regard the government by
whose immediate action so much distress had been brought ahout. To men in
this position, no explanation would prove that a breach of faith iiad not \>wai
committed. C:)nsidering the difficukies with which under any circumstances
the (iovernme ♦ will have to contend during the aiiproaching session, I cannot
but regard the lisap])ointment which will follow the temporary ^uspcnsion of
the public works with the greatest alarm. It would be impossible ior lue to
meet my first Parliament undtT more unfavourable auspices, than witli an empty
exchequer and a starving population.

Some portion of these evil effects might, no doubt, be obviated liy an advance
from the British Treasury of the sum necessar\ to go on with the works now ir

frogress until the subject shall again have been submitted to the Provincial and
mperial Parliaments, sucli advance to be hereafter repaid out of tlif' loan to be
raised under the British guarantee. If, therefore, Her Majesty's (iovernmiiit
should, after considering tills despatch, continue to adhere to their decision in
regard to the loan and Public Works Act, I most earnestly entreat your Lord-
ship to urge upon them in the strongest manner the advance of such a sum as
Avill enable us to continue the public works during the present year.

But I will not despair that Her Majesty's Government may reconsider the course
which they have announced their intention to pursue. If there were any great and
self-evident advantage to be obtained by the altenition, it might be reasonable to
expect that the country would acquiesce in the momentary inconvenience for the
sake of the permanent benefit. But after fVefpiently and earnestly considering
the subject, I am compelled to acknowledge that I do not perceive any vital
difi'erence between the operation of the two ])lans. B}' that embodied in the Acts,
the province would have become lialile to the British Treasury for (iO,000/. a
year as a first charge, and to private capitalists for 7(),OOo/. a year, for the fresh
loan, as a second charge. By the scheme of Her Majesty's present Government,
these charges will continue to e.xist, although their order will be reversed. The
risk to the Imperial Treasury under the latter is, it is true, much greater, because,
under it, tliere is but secondary security ; and there is, moreover, an absolute
pledge to increase the provincial debt by 1,500,000/., whether the yearly revenues
of the province should or should not be equal to the payment of the interest.
Under the first plan, if the old debt had been paid off, there would have been
primary security for the whole guaranteed debt, and the surplus beyond what
would redeem the old debt would have been nun-e than sufficient for the present
season ; and iie.xt year, when the new loan would begin to be negotiated, it
would be under the favourable circumstance of an ascertained revenue, Ijeyonil
the current wants of the country, equal to the jiayment of interest on the new
loan, as it would be gradually increased. If s(mie of the present public; creditors
should refuse the redemption of the debt, then the surplus of the guaranteed
loan would be gi'eater, and the tirae would be postponed f(n' borrowing on the
provincial credit, and so on in proportion as the redemption of the old debt was

595- It refused.

I'APKRS RELATIVE TO

r . ''

ntuM'd. AfTi'iii, ahlioiijili tlie prt!s<'nt plan will trmlilu flin provinco to raise the
money nccossiiry for its pulilic works at n low rate of interest, yet it leaves tliu
|iii)vitiei.il revenue Inirtliened with the high rate of inten-st now payable upon
the e.vistin{r (lr')t ; wi that, in this respect, no advantipe is gained. It is true
lli;it the Ciumila dettentures, now at 7ft or H(» per eent.. might prohahly, under
the former M-henie. have risen to par; hut as those debentures were originally
sold, iiotii: ol .nein below par, and some of them at a premiimi, the Government
has no right to ex|)eet to make a profit in their redemption.

/ The result lo whieh, after the most anxious deliberation, I eanie in respect to
, tlir financial unimportance of the alteration, is so diiTerent from that which Her
Majesty's (iovernineiit appear to entertain, that I express my opinion upon it
t with m'ucli hesitation, fearing,' that I may have overlooked some important cou-
I siderations which bad occurred to your Lordship and yjur colleagues. Upon
the political bearinjrs of tie ipicstion I feci more compi Hiit lo speak, and these I
I wish |>articularly lo urge u|)on your Lordship's consideration. If, in the preceding
} pages, 1 express myself at any time more strongly than \\n\ circumstances would
; seem to warrant, I ))eg your Lordship to believe that I do so solely tinder an
' urgent sense of the o!)ligation imjiosed upon me, not to conceal I'rom your Lord-
ship any circumstances whieii I consider essential, nor to impair their weight by
my manner of stating tluni. \\'ben I c(Jinpare the enthusiasm v.ith which the
otters of Her Majesty's late (iuvennnent were received by the people of this
provinci' with 'lie distrust and disappointment whieli will follow any interference
with those otters. 1 feel that nothing but a clear, palpable, and inevitable neces-
sity can justify such a step, I cannot convim-e myself that such a necessity
exists; and, ia this persuasidn, I should l)e wanting in my duty to your Lord-
ship, and to the oftice whieh i have the honour to fill, if I were not to entreat
your Lordship to reconsider the matter, anti to satisfy yourself that you have no
alternative before you ado]>t a course wiiicli will ine^'itably produce great dis-
content in this province.

Enclosure in No. 14.

£dcI. in No. 14. SCIIEDrLE nf tlio Public Works now in progress in Canada, by Order of tlie Govornor-
Ueni-nil and Council, showing liic OiKTutionH now being proceeded witb tbereon, togetbcr with
a trenerfci lUtiniute of tiie •■n-' wl- : will be required to meet the Expenditure during tho
present Year, and the furtliei tiums whieh will Ik- net "ssary for their Completion.

|!-t

i'l

W II K S.

Sums rcqviircd

to meet Expeiittiture

this Veitr,

oil flic- porliiill of

AVtijk now in

Progress or tmder

Coniraci.

St. Lawrence Navigation,— <•(>.

£.

Cornwall, or Long isault
Cannl.

]^ Chine Canal

40,000 -

3,000

ODSEUVATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS.

- - Tho works generally arc l)ping proceeded with
80 as to ensure the ojwning of this portion of the
St. Lawrence navigation to the trade this year.
The balance, as i)er estimate, required to fully
complete it next season is 17,000 I.

- - Work in progress ; subilituling turning
bridges for the fixed ones, so a.s to permit the pas-
sage of steamers, &o. It will be perceived tliiit the works now in hands on
this pnrt of 'ho navigiition are miTely to meet tlic preser. wants of thi^ trade.
Bii* in iiditilion to this, liu> Board are of opinion that the works ujK)n the
^■eve^ll portions of tho St. Linvrence should go on simultaneously, so that the
full benefit of tlie outlay iniirlit at once be had. With this view they recom-
mend that provision be made towards the enlargement of this jiortion of the

I line, the sum to provide for which this year vvoulil be 10,000 /.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

fts

w n K s.

Siinit ri()iiirc(l t
ti) ntrrl Kxpt ndituir
I ll.il Vru,

j on thr portion nf
I Wiirk now lo
t Prujirr^* or uiiilcr
('i)iitract.

OIWtRV.VHONS AND KXILANATIOKb.

St. I.awremf Navioation — nmliiiuril.

i. ». d.
Till f 'atiiil from thr Cottnii .".ud - -

tu the C'a8c:ude.

- - Tlii~ Mim i-i 111 ((niT cii-t of »iirvi'y<. ("ilimatA,
\r. Thr Unaril "iiiilil ^tronixlv n i .iinnjiiiil that
BOiiir prii'jn— * « it!i iho \vi)rk'< of this !.niiiiii slmiihl
\w aiithoriziil this vtiir, so that it niiiy fn ciimiih'ti-d
in IN44, no work hivini; Imhii vet ■■cmiiiii'iiicil in it. SrvrrnI line- have
Ijrrn ciploriil for its roiiti'. I'liiitiv mi the iiorlh siih' of the river, to whirh
tho Uoiinl (if Works, r'onrriviiii; dirrr w»* n\\u\\ ohirclinn as to <lifficiilly of
ronslriirlion and t \|>iiisc, liavr hail ihi' line. I'onncrlv srhclid hy Mr. SliM'n-
!<on, on the xiiith siili" of I'li' rivir, carefully n-Hurvi ycd hy a ri'Tii|.itcnt
('n;.'in<>i'r. The rcsnit of llie survey fully eoMtirins lhi> view the Hoard had
taken of it, the line lieiiii; in every res|ieit |irelenilile to that mi the imrth
si(h', iirid the work <an In eveiuted at a very iidm-ifl eosl. An ohjeetioii has
l)ei'ii rai-ed hy some in a military viiw In havini; it on the sonlh side, to
wliieli the Hoard do not atlrihiite any wi iy;hl, more ef|)eeiiilly ff the Connvall
portion of the navi'^Mtion (nearly roiii|ileted) is within iiiuski t shot of the
Anieriean lerritorN, as will neees«anly he other portions of the general line
also; wherea.s this {wrtiun, as proposed, i-ahoiit .'o miles from tlie frontier.

Ijike St. Peter

Wcllaiid Canal

IH.dOII

2.">.000 - -

- - Work in progress, tlic more effieleiit Hi^ht-
in^ and iiiarkiii;; llie ehaiiiiels, preparini; the steam
dredt;e, iliMliarjrinj; seows, apparatus for removinfr
hoiilder-. ice. The halani'e of the sum (.stiniatrd
toeoverthe <osl ot' this improvement is 4il,.')(iO /.,
lialf of which would he recpiired in 184."), and the
remainder in 1H44.

- - Work in profjross, incniasinj; the eajiaeitv of
the main feeder, so as to render the supply of water
eominrnsurate with the itHTea>iiijj trade, deepenin;,' sundry portions of the
lino, dredpinn the entrance of the <anal, exeavalini,' the lateral hranch
to the (irand River Harhour. The lialanee of the sum estimated to cover
the cost of the full eoniiiletion of this w<irk is 400,1)011/., the e\pendiliiri> of
which should be divided hetwi'eii \\w years IN4.1 ,ind •■' ' t. hut the Hoard most
ureently recomiuend that, insIe.Ml of (he operations heiiiir confined to tli<> work
now in proijress, a further sum of Jo.doo/. he provided to procure material
this V car tor the reconBtruction of tlic decayed hicks.

Main Road from East to

Bridges over the river be-
tween Qncbec& Montreal.

I
West through the I'rovmee, —ri

13,5(M) -

Improvement of the Section
from the Cascades to the
Glengarry Line.

Section from .Brentford to
London.

Port Sarnia Hold

Fron • -.i; to i^iiuiiiam,
SitiHiviieU, /• Amherst-

Hamilton and Port Dover
Road ( a main Road from
Lake Ontario to Erie).

150

19,000

9,500 -

10,OfiO

10,600

- - .VII the print;ipul bridges of this communica-
tion have lieeii destroyed. The piers and abutments
of some stand, and can bo secure<i and rvnderi'd
availttbleil promptly attended to. The Boarilrei'om-
mend that i;),.»n()/. be (rovid.d tor that |iiir|Hw<j,
and to procure materials this season, that the biidi^es
may be all completed tiext year, balance ol esti-
mate then re(|iiired t()r which would be Jii,.".(iu/,

- - This sum is to cover the cost of markintj out,
and other preliminary iirrangements. This section
should be drained and formed generally during the
prosonl season (cost 'AfiiM /.), so that it may be com-
pleted and tollgates established thereon next vear.
Balance of estimate in full, ]1,.350/.

- - General draining and forming. The balance
of estimate to completi^ this section next veur is
43,000/.

- - General draining and forming. The balance
of the estimate to complete this section next year
is 5,500 /.

- - General draining and forming. The bniance
of the estimate to complete this section next vear

is acooo I.

- - General chopping, grubbing, draining, and
forming. Building bridge over the Grand River.
Balance of full estimate required next year, ll),.ii)o/.

L 2

(continued)

'"1

PAPERS RELATIVE TO

W > > R K S.

bum* rci|uirr4l

umrciEiptudil re

th» \t*f,

on Ihr portioa of

Wiirk DOW ID

I'rugrna or UDdtr

CoDtncl.

Maim Road, kv. — cmtimiril-

£.

Main N. Roa<> Ironi Jake j f.OOO

Ontario to Huron.

(iosforil Roiid, by a niiiin
line of cuniniuniration
from yiu'bur to tliu Eaut-
ern Towiwliijis.

lltt) of Cluilpurw Road,
by wbich and tlie Kempt
Road tliv conimnnicution
will be oiM'iied with the
St. Ijiwren ■<' fronj tbe
Iraet of country north and
west of tlie Bay of Clia-
U'urj".

Direct Road from tlic St.
Lawrence to the Ottawa.

Lighthouses and Hartours
on the I^ikes and Roads
made thereto.

Improvement of the New-
castle District.

Construction of Bridges,
Slides, and Roads in the
Ottawa section.

Completion of the Nnvisrii-
tion of the River Riche-
lieu from LakeChamplain
to the St. lAwrcncc.

Burlington Bay Canal

Repairs of the Chaudiere
Bridge (Quebec).

/.. <l.

(t.000

7,1500

1 ,.')00

40,000

I.'j.OOO - -

U.OOO

10,000 -

OII-<t:nVATIOSs VND KXPLAN.iTIOXS,

. - (leuenil draining and forming. Balance of
full estimate rttjuircJ next year, •2i,Wi>l.

- - Tlic nuilorials for the bridges arc Ijeing pro-
vi<led, and the works gen»rully of this important
line proceeding. Balance in "full to complete it
next si'.ison, 4,000 /.

15,000

500 -

- - The workc
with gcneniUi,,

this line arc being proceeded

- - Tin works of this line are being proceeded with
generally.

- - M'lteriuls are being provided and prcparatioi.s
nuikiii : for tli''=e important works at Long Point,
Gull sland, The Rondeau, Port Staidev, Port
Bnrwe.l, Catfish Creek, Port Dover, Windsor,
Cobourg. Balance of estimate to complete it,

- - The general draining and forming of the Road
from Lake Scugog to Lake Ontario, from Rice
Luke to Lokt' Ontario, completion of locks and
dam on the Trent, the works of which are far ad-
vanced ; construction of slides for the assistance of
the lumber trade, &c. Balance of aopropriation
made for present outlay in this section, 35,000 /.

- • General iircparations. Balance of a|)propria-
tion for present outlay, 14,000/.

- Works of the Chanibly
St. Ours, on tlic "Richelieu. Balance of estimate la

completion ; preparations

St. Ours, on

complete tht; navigation, 17,000/.

ly Canal approaching to
for the locK and dam at

- - Materials advertised for, and general prepara-
tions making for the prosecution of this very neces-
sary work. Balance of estimate to complete it,
i 3(>,()00/.

I - - The approaches of this bridge require imme-
1 diate re]iair.

From the foregoing \.ill lie deduced that the sum required this year to carry on the several works
as proposed, and portions of which !ire in progress, amounts to 205,(150 /. Halifax currency, of
which sum the actual contracts entered into amount to 110,000/.; but as most of these contracts
will very shortly be completed, restricting the expenditure to them would be tantamount to a
stopping of the works.

Board of Works Office,
12 May 1842.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

— No. 16.—
(No. 190.)

Extract of a DESPATCH from Lortl Stanley to flu- Right lion. Sir Charl,,i

Bnyot, Uart. n.r.B.

Dowiiing-stroet, "J July 1h4'2.

I HAVE rocelvftl you" dt'spatchfs, No. OO, of tlio iHtii April, and .No. lol, <»f
tlio «tli May last, in both ot which yon discuss tin- arranficuifuf s pro|M>s<Ml in my
diKpiitch (.\o. 11 -J) of the 'id .Vpril, fur carrying into Hlirt tlif pli'dfrc <:ivcn by
tin- late Lord Sydfuham to thu Canadian logislatniv, ri'Kardin|j; tin- <;iiar;intfi'
bv the Hriti.sh Treasury of a loan to be raisid for the bfiutit of the provintf of
C!:iiiada.

In the first of those despatches you stated your inipression to b(< tliat the
arrangement proposed by me would be " nearly, if not Cjuite, i's iidv!inta<i«'ous to
the provin«"e as tliat proposed b}- Lord Sydenham, thon<rh to tiie motlier country
it would be hfss so, ina-smuch as the guarantei' which they oHcr would no longer
be secured as a primary charge on the j)rovincial revenue." In the second
despatch, howevei, you state that " as further reflection had cojivineed you that
it would be much mon advantageous to the province that tin; scheme proposed
by the late fJovenior-gencral and approved Ijy the two houses of the legisla-
ture shoul 1 not be interfered with, and that the difl'erencc between that >clieme
and what Her Majisty's present Governnu'ut announced their intention to bring
forward is not essential, you felt it your duty to ex|)iain to me the gruumls of
that ojtinion, in the hope that your despatch might yet be in tinut to obtain from
Her Majesty's Government a reconsideration of the subject." Ycm then proceed,
in the first ])Iace, to remark upon a passage of my despatch, intimating tliat Her
Majesty's late Government had not anticipated the a])plieation to pul)lic work.s
of more than the balance of tlu- proposed loan of 1,.'')(»0, 000/. remaining after
paying oft' the existing debt : in the next, you comment upon my calculations
as to the amount of interest which would be chargeable on the jtroviiiee under
Lord Sydenham's aiTangement ; and, histly, you press strongly upon my notice
the inconveniences which you apprehend would result from my proposed ahiin-
donment of that arrangement.

To these topics I will advert in their order.

With regard to the first, w hatever may have been the views of Her Majesty's
(lovcrnment at home, I freely admit that Lord Sydenham appears always to have
contemplated an outlay on public works far beyond the amount of any balance
which could remain out of the proposed loan of l,r)00,00<)/. after providing for
the existing Canadian debt. Whether or not Her Majesty's late Government
took the same view it is unnecessary now to inquire, there being no intention,
on the part of Her Majesty's present Government, of insisting upon such view
being carried out in practice ; but, in giving effect to the ulterior measures
which were brought under the consideration of the legislature by I^ord Syden-
ham, it is the duty of Her Majesty's advisers to suggest at least every precaution
which in their judgment may tend to diminish the risk of endangering, by the
extent of the contempl \ted operation, the great object of improving the credit
of the province, for which primarily the assistance of this country was proposed
to he given.

This consideration leads me to the secon'l topic of your despatch ; viz. the
apparent discrepancy between our calculations as to the amount of interest which
would be chargeable upon the province in the event of the Royal Absent being
given to the two Acts now under discussion ; and I am happy to find, by your
despatch of the Cth of May, that this discrepancy is apparent rather than real,
and capable of an easy explanation. The Act No. 28 having provided for the
raising of a sum of 1,039,682/. for public works, in addition to the loan of
l,i)00,000/. provided for by the Act No. 33, I ha J assumed it to be the inten-
tion of the Canadian legislature that each of those sums should be raised in fidl,
and that the balance remaining out of the 1,600,000/. (estimated at 29.-»,»20/.
currency on 274,000/. sterling), after providing for the existing debt, was in-
tended to be laid out in public works, in addition to the 1,659,682/. proposed to
be raised under Act No. 28. I now find, that in that assumption 1 misunder-
btood your intentions. You explain that, although the sum which I had named

595- L 3 i»

No. 15.
[)ei)iattli I'roni

Lord .Manlcy
to Sir ('. HiiKiii.
1 .luly 1841.

PagcK r«).
78.

:li, :in4l

Page 1.
Page 4.

[^(\

«c

PAir-RS RF.I.ATIVF. TO

III unitt Ik in;ilit
r<jrM>|jond. lb* lullowiiif «lrp> muti Ix-
i;o)it 'hruu^b.

A||frci;atc tif ihc •p^rupriatHtM in Arr,
No. JH .... i,67H,nHi/.

UrducI,

Mt, -3f)5,9'i(i i, ('anaduii iiirnrito. Ili'
r*timate(l iiirplui uf thr «uin l« \f mlvmici tl
;^ ilii« I'iMinlij Mii'lrr thv Act, ^"■^'). ao*!

iufi, l(f,i)0<>r, Ihr 4uni in viliir'i tltr m^-
(TfjiJlt: »i( Ihp n|ipro)>ri«li(*ii« in Ail. No.
lA, ( ict'CiS llir «iini i;r4lllcil Uy lh«' Act.

Alti'l nmliinK Ou-M' ilriluiliiii:* llirre n-
ni.iiM^ itir «uTU of l,.'jft;i.7fii r, ill* ifilfri'»t
U1I "licli, ,il ,', (XT trill, ii iMiHH/., Ihp
«tlltl li* whicll S\r ('. U:i)(U. suit > llial llli-
lllilin;il inlrrPlt uli ihr loin (n tn' l<iiit-<l
uiiUtr the All, No. uB, x'.l In- icilutul.

id aiirlii«riz<<l ti> l>i' rai-cil l»y tlh- tw^i AvU
ililiciniprri' til III- i»-iicil iiii'li r till' I'lililif \N
tlif Riiriilii* tif •JO.'i.ifJO/ iMirri'iicv

thr two calcuUtitini

it !■> iiitcii<it'<l tliat till- amount <it
iks .\rt -I 'iilil I)' ''iiiiini^lliMl liy
or 'j;4.0<Mi/. .ttiliiL iiiiil.r till' Loiiii .\ct,
wliich liiiiii,' riiiHtil at fitiir jmt mit., or n,«.»«l/.. will r.<liic<- to
om.ihh/. tlif inttrrst on tho new drbt at t\\<- \mt trint. ; wliidi, if
flif wholr «iini liati lircn fiIm d a- I ralfiilat-il, wonlil have
aiii'uiititl til «:i,li:tl/. It imi-t !»■ 'il>-<irviil, tli;it altliinitrli 'In'
num nainxl at flu' (■oinniiii<''nii iii nl tin' Act .\o. -.Im i>, a^ alinvr
stati'il. l.<(SO,«M'j/., the at.jrrrj,'atr of tin- stuns umnti'tl in tlttail
forrai'i work amounts to l,tJ7H,(is.>/., tin- iiil. ii-st ii|ion wliicli,
at five |ii r cent., ainoiinf'*, a* aliovr, to h:1,!i;14/.

I rcrcivf wiili ^aiistacliiin lliis i xplaiiation of tin- intiiition- of
the Canadian i xitiifivi-, wliitli, if *frii fly adlnTi li tiir a|)|iri iiciision*
uhicli I cafuuif tint fiitcrtaiii a- to tlic fliar^c alionf to lie iin|i'i-»cil
nil till' rivi'iiiirs lit C'aiiafla.
1 now iirfM'ffil to tlir tliii'iainl most im|Mirtaiii |iortioii of your last rniiinninica-
tioii to nil'. I think 1 ilo iiuf misri|)r( sent your vims in assmiiiii^ yoii to atimif
ragcdij. that thr arrangiiiKiii pro|)os(!il by in. in my (li'spafch of thf "iil April, No. 11 -J.
woiilil hi', ill |iiiiici|i!i, ciiniilly lu'iuficial to tin' |irovinre with that of Lord
.^vdtnhaiii tlioii<rh less aih aiifa<r»'()us to (in-at Kritain); Imt to olijcct to it.s
ni.w lirin^r <'a. .ill! ifito rti'n-t on account of the iiiconvciiiciicc<t wliicli \oii anti-
ci|mtc a- likely to liisiio Iroin distnrliinn- the si'ttlciiiciit iiiaili' hy the Act No. iH
of I'lc (lillicnlt q't •sliim, what shall hu the puhlic work?* to he mideitaken hy tlio
jirnvitu'e, ill ai!<i;tioit t ) tile Still ^rrealcr |iractical e\ il, which yon fear may lie
tilt' cii!i-( lifiic^-. A' vmir heiiitr (ililiu;ed to suspend some of those works now
actually i i jn'o'.-.iess.

I'Voiii liiiM- (ip)ireli'jnsions, whatever he the arrangement ultimately adopted,
I am happy to helicvo that I shall have no ditticiilty in relievinu; yon. In my
desjiatch of the -.2(1 April, I ci rtainly proci'cded on the supposition that a new-
Act would lie pa-seil hv the Canadian lej>islatiire on the suhject of the puhlic
works. Such a course, however, is liy no means a necess.iry consetpieiiee of my
proposal. Vuu will perceive that th(! list <if works enumerated hy me in that
despatch as dcserviiifr of the first consideration from the leujislatiire (involvinjr
an estimated expenditure of nearly 1, 4(1(1, ointA), is taken from that Act; and
tlionnh 1 .may entertain doiihts of the ex]iedieucy of including some of the
remainder of the works there [iroviiled for, as not lieiiif^ of sufficiently general
utility to merit heiug undertaken by tl:e |irovinee at hirge, still as they have
received tlu; sanction of the provincial legislature, I do not feel called upon on
that account to advise Her Majesty to disallow the Act. On the contrary, as it
provides for that for wliich, niuler whatevtT arrangemetit adopted, jirovision
must he made ; namelj', the enunuration of the piililie works to be undertaken,
and the raising of a loan to furnish the funds for carrying them on. And as the
(luestioii, whether that loan is to be raised under guarantee from tlie mother
country, or solely on the credit of the jiroviuce, though a material, is a distinct
one, the uncertainty upon whicli (the mode of raising the loiin being left to the
executive government) need not oppose any obstacle to the confirmation of that
Act, 1 do not hesitate to empower you to proceed under it as about to be con-
firmed ; although, in case 1 may have overlooked any considerations which
require to be attended to, I shall delay advising Her Majesty to take the formal
steps necessary for that purpose, until after I shall have received your answer to
this despatch.

Having thus, as I hope, rendered it impossible tiiat any embarrassment should
be experienced hy youi government, in conseip ■ of the suspension of Her
Majesty's formal decisio.i on the Public Work. I of the signification of

Her pleasure on the Loan Act ; while I am n red to say that Her Ma-

jesty's Government are determined upon adheri position to your opinion

. , and the sense of the province, to tlie views e.\| ,ii my former despatch of

April the 'id, 1 am bound to state to you tiiat tiiose views remain unaltered, as
to the comparative advantages of my proposal and that of Lord Sydenham, for
the purpose of accomplishing economically, certainly, and beneficially to the
province, the objects sought to bo obtained.

According to Lord Sydenham's arrangement, the execution of the public
works of every description is made mainly to depend upon funds to be raised

upon

//o

itiilh: wohks (canada).

u)>iiii()ii (III siic'li a !-uliji ' t I'iiii

Ivnhaiu'o (IcKPiitcli dI' iIw i-iil

in I.owiT ( :iiiu<l:i. Ill wliicli

upon till' ''\f rr!»pi>n*il»ilify of tin' Cunmlian umcrTinu'iil. It tb** rosf of tlu;
{(M'iil v*i)rk> -liiiiilil, ill iniiiiv iii«taiii'i'>. i xcird tip' i -' iii;iii', nv il", in >'iiii'ii't|iii iic<>
of til prioritv ^i\rii to the loan o( l,.'iOi),(>iMl/., anil of the ^^tticral niana^cntnit
of I'll I'liati tinaiicc. rhtcrrtlit of tin- |>rovinr»sli(>nl'J ni>» lontinuc lo Iw Mich as to
••niihli It to rai-c the whole of flu seeoml loan ol i ,»|7h.«m j/. ,it five [ht r.nt., fniul*
nii(;ht Im- wuiifinir '" coiniil' ><• fhoxe ^rrcjit «■ rkn, with a \iew to whieh iiiairilv
the a!«siMtaiiee of tli -« couritrv wh^- oriu' 'iveii. Ami i am < niiipelliil t

afkiiowledt:.'. altl >>\ Ji, as you triil\ ■
oiilx lie coiijectiinil, tliat, when I find
Keliruaiy )hj|. that the i.iiiu ll('(■e--a^^
til- toIN were rijip-HMted to lie all .iif 'ir 'he aiiioiint, ei'iild niily he

fiii-ed on the ddiihli >»'fiirifv of th'i-i credit of tile [iriniiiee, at a

lafi' of iiitete«t of I. mil six to eiy;hf i" i i. m., 1 eniirtain r-crious iippreheiisions
» to till.' jiracticahili'y of carrying' into i-llcct the ohjci.tH of the I'uhlie WorkH
Act, li\' *iinis raised on the [iroviiicial security only within the ti riiis aiitliiiri/.ed
liv tiiai \ct. ^'oii will iif course understand that ymi are not aiithori/.eil in nny
case to i>>iie the provimi^d de'ieiit'ires In low par; ^lllh a step wovihl he, in fact,
a violation of the spirit, if not oi the letter, of the provincial Act, wiiich limits
the rate of interest to five per cent.

It is. 1 hope. ef|iially nnnecesRarv that I should caution yon ai^ainsf sancfionin^
anv vatrne csriniares. or excess of outlay, under the expeetalion of a I'lirlher
advance of the cfdit of the mother country hiyoiid that which has been so
lihenilly afforded ; and althoii<i,h it is no douht true, that in the c xeicise of thi'
discretion vcstfd in yon by the Public Works Act, yon niipht abstain from
issninp; debentures beyond the means of the [irovince to beartli iliari;;i', vet this
step on your part, or the inability to raise the money at the picscribed rate of
interest, might leave unfinished the most important works, and thus frustmte
the object contemplated by tln' British Government.

In order to guard against the possibility of such a result, ami to secure the
application of the liberal assistance of this country in the most direct manner to
the benefit of the province, il is proposed by my arrangement that the existing
Canadian debt .should remain a first charge upon the revenue of the jnovince,
and should be paid off, as it became due, from the jirodiice of the current revenue,
and that the 1,500,000/. to be raised under the guarantee of this country should
be applied directly to tin; execution of the public works, beginning with those
which have for their object the opening of the navigation of the St. Lawrence
and the lakes. Under this arrangement, the credit of the provine. would be
strengthened by the continuance of the priority of the present debt, and In the
prospect of early repayment at or before the expiration of the existing bonds,
riie jirovinee would not have to appear at all as a borrower in lii.- [General market ;
and the public debt of Canada (in addition to the existing debt, whiili would be
lie gradually paid off as funds became available for the purpose,) would be limited
to tiie sum appropriated for the completion of the public works, of w liich there
would be at least 1,500,000/. raised, at a rate of interest not exceeding four per
cent. This arrangement no doubt would require this country to give up its
priority of claim upon the provincial revenue. But Her Majesty's Government
willingly consented to make this sacrifice, because they felt convinced that this
arrangement was more conducive to the financial prosperity of Canada than that
proposed to be adopted under the two Acts ; and that, setting aside higher con-
siderations, priority of claim upon the provincial revenue was an inferior security
to that derived from the prosperity of the province.

i'*fi

(Separate.)

No. 16. —

Extract of a DESPATCH from Lord Stanley to the Right hon. Sir Charles

Bagct, Bart. ecu.

Downing-street, 2 July 1842.
In your despatch of the 28tli of April you advert to the necessity of appoint-
ing an engineer officer as commissioner on the part of Her Majesty's Govern-
ment, to superintend the execution of the works which may be undertaken,

Ko. 10.

Despatch iVoni
Liiru L'rinlcy
to Sir C Kiijjot.
2 Juiy l8+2.

Pago ;(!.

595-

and

IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)

i.O

I.I

1.25

150 ■'^~

1.4

2.5

IIIIIM

1 2.0

1.6

Photographic

Sciences
Corporation

23 WEST MAIN STREET

WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580

(716) 872-4503

I«<

PAPERS RELATIVE TO

and point out the reasons which induce you to prefer a civil to a military
engineer.

On this subject I have only to obwrve, that if provision be made by the legis-
lature for the payment of such an officer (wliirh I agree with you would be very
desirable), Her Majesty's Government would have no preference for a military
over a civil engineer, nor any wish on the subject but to procure the services of
the most competent jwrson who could be engaged for this purpose.

— No. 17.—

(No. 157-)

No, 17.

Uvs|>alcli from
Sir C. Bagut ti>
Lord Stanley.
!) Julv 184;.

fh i.

I! ■ li:

Copy of a DESPATCH from the Right honourable Sir Charles Bagol,
Bart. u.c.D to Lord Stanley.

Government House, Quebec, '
My Lord, 10 July 1842.

In deciding on tl:e steps to be taken during the present season for carrying
on the public works, which had received the sanction of the legislature, and
more e8j)ecially those for completing the navigation of the St. Lawrence, to
whicli Her Majesty's Government attach no less importance than the people of
this province, my attention has been strongly drawn to the necessity of at once
commencing the canal which is to form the communication between Lakes St.
Francis and St. Louis, When the Cornwall Canal shall have been completed,
which will probably be in the course of the present, or early in the next season,
the rapids between these two lakes will form the only interruption to the navi-
gation from Lake Huron to the sea. Other parts of that navigation will still
require improvement; but the cedars and cascades rapids will then be the
only obstruction, which would compel the transhipment of heavy goods, and the
employment of land-carriage, or the use of the circuitous route by the Ottawa and
Rideau.

It is evidently, therefore, of great importance, with a view to render the large
expenditure on other parts of the St. Lawrence immediately productive, that
this short obstruction should b<; overcome as soon as possible, and I have accord-
ingly decided on at once commencing the work. I was further induced to this
decision by the great influx of emigrants at the beginning of the season, and
the impossibility of finding employment for them in the neighbourhood of Mon-
treal, without having recourse to such an undertaking.

The question then arose as to the side of the river on which the canal should
be dug. The north side offered the plausible advantage of being better pro-
tected in the event of war ; the south promised much greater facilities in the
execution, with a very reduced expense both in the original construction and
the annual maintenance.

The economical advantages of the two routes may be best presented to view
in the following table ; viz.

Length of canal in miles - - - - -
Depth of excavation, in feet ....

Number of bridges

Ditto - aqueducts . . - . -

which latter on the south side will be only 10 feet in width, while those on the
north will be about 50 feet span. The nature of the excavation will be nearly
the same on both sides, viz. clay, except for less than a mile at the lower en-
trance, which, on both sides, will be rocK. The canal, for half its length on the
north side, would be in a deep ravine, the banks of which at one part are 60 feet
high, and subject of course to all the land floods and the drainage of the adja-
cent counir)', which, occasioning great deposit, would involve the expense of
clearing the canal out every year ; while tnat on the south side, except imme-
diatelv at the upper and lower entrances, is a flat table land, the e.Ycavation
just about suflicient to make the banks.

Under

North.

South

15 -

• 12

9i -

- 6

7 -

- 3

3 -

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

Under these circumstances, and after Iravinj; In-forc me the Re|)orf of ait
eniineut civil enpineer, and th(! opinion of the Cliairman of tli" IVmnl of Works,
I decided on making tlie canal on the south side, and ojH-rations for that jmr-
i(os<' have already •)een comnieneed. Hy tlie intervenf-on of the apents of the
Benuharnois Conipany, wlio have of courst; a strong int.rext in the work, the
land necessary for its execution has Ix'cn given up gratuitously, and funds have
lieen advanced for the first expenses. The final arrangement as to the terms on
which the.<e funds are to he ad\ '.need, mu.st await the decision of Her .Majt^»ty'*
Government as to the Loan Act.

It was not to he exjxcted tiiat a measure in whieli so many had a direct
interest could he decided \vith<Hit nnudi discussion, or without opposition from
those whose interests would have heen proniottd hy an opposite course,
Accordinglv, soon after my decision hecame known a meeting was called of the
inhahitants' of Coteau du Lac, on the north sliore, hy v honi an address was
presented to me, of which, and of my answer, I enclose c«)pies. I afterwards
received a similar address from the county of (ilengarry, of which, and of my
answer, I also annex copies.

Tlie principal points put forward hy the ohjcctors are, first, that hy reason of
the shallowness of the water, the dangerous rocks, an almost constant surf, and
a want of anchorage, no availahle or safe navigation can can he estahlished on
the south shore : and, secondly, that from the proximity to the United States,
the canal would he liahle to he seized hy the Americans in time of war ; that if
so seized, it would assist them to invest the city of Montreal, and enable them to
cut ofl" the communication between Upper and Lower Canada.

To the first objection it is sufficient ta answ<T that, while it is maintained
solely hv gentlemen who have. not had the advantage of professional education
or experience as engineers, and whose personal wishes and interests may be
supposed to be not altogether inactive in the matter, it is contradicted by
engineers of great experience and scientific acquirements, who being strangers
to the country can have no local bias. The latter officers, moreover, in their
representations to the Government, act under a responsibility of the most serious
kind, a responsibility which jnvolyes not only their immediate credit, but their
future advancement. I could not, therefore, on this jwint put the vague assei-
tions of the objectors into competitii n with the Reports of the engineers.

In respect to the second objection, the question involved in it is one of policy,
on which there w:is no difficulty in forming an opinion. Co'trris paribus, 1
should probably have myself selected the north shore, for the reason stated in this
address; but wluu the great a>lditioual expense on that side is taken into
account, there is no sufficient advantage to compensate for it. Assuming
Canada to be invaded from the United States by the line of Lake Champlain,
the battle will have to be fought on the south shore of the St. Lawrence. Any
force which could drive Her Majesty's troops across the river would have little
difficulty in getting pos.=ession of Montreal. But in such a case the canal in
question would afi'ord the invaders no advantages or facilities of any kind. It
would never be used for the transport of troops or stores to Montreal, because
snch troops or stores could be sent down the rapids, which are perfectly naviga-
ble downwards, with much greater ease and quickness. It would not be used
for ascending vessels, because it would be much more easy to commimicate witli
the States by the Richelieu and Lake Champlain. It would not affect the com-
munication between L'pper and Lower Canada, because that is secured by the
Ottawa and Rideau, which in case of war must always be the line of communica-
tion. It would be subject, if taken, to be injured or destroyed ; but in the
improbable event of our being driven from the south shore, the canal" on the
north would be scarcely more secure. They would of course be the object of
attack, and it would be impossible to protect them fiom a force which it is
assumed would have been powerful enough to drive the British an «' : ross the
river

After fully weighing these considerations, it appeared to me that mere was
no sufficient ground to justify me in incurring the larger expense wliert the
lesser would be equally advantageous. I could not convince myself that with
one incomparable military communication, established by the munificence of
Great Britain, I was bound to attach a similar character to the minor commu-
nications destined for commercial purposes. I have been supported in this view
by the entire acquiescence in my decision of the inhabitants of every section of

595" M the

^l3

PAPERS RELATIVE TO

t\w provinco, except tliosr wIu)<M' addrosfv* I enclose. The n.iTrantile l>o<)ic8 of
Mdiitreul und (^mi'Ih-c arc its iiiiicli iiitiTcstcd in the success of this navifration as
any other parties in the province, yet 1 have not received a single renion^trance
or ol»j<Htion from any one of them ; and with the exee|ifion of the old (^iiehec
(iazette, none even of the papers of this s«'ction of tlie province have euniphtined
of the deci^<ion. I therefore feel justified in heh"e\inn that tli«' opposition may !>«
attributed to tlie natunil hias prfxliiced in every man's judgment l>v a strong
personal interest.

I liave desirid the cliairiiian of the Hoard of Works to furnish me with a copy
of the engineer's report on the south sliore line, to l>i; forwarded to your Lord-
ship; Ifut I fear that J sliall not receive it in time to nocompany this <!ispatcli.

I have &c.
(signed) Charles liaijnt.

Enclosure 1, in Ni). 17.

Hi ^ '

Elncl. I, in No. 17. To His Excellency the Ri};lit lu)iioural)le Sir VJinrhs Bagnt, c.. c . d. Oovernor-Opiicral

of ilic Provinre of Cntiada, &c. &c. Sic.

May it plca.sc your Excellency,

The undersiirni'd, the rimirman and committee, duly named and appointed at a pnblic
meeting of flie county of Vaudreuil, held this day atC'oteau du Lac, bejj leave most respcct-
fiilly to approach yoar l'"xcelleney, to express their unfeigned re;^ret m Icarnin}; that it is
your Excellency's intention to assent to the junction of Lakes St. Francois and .St. Louis,
"hy the construction of a canal on the south shore of the Hiver St. Lawrence.

That from the personal knowlcdfje of the committee, as well as the majority ot tiiose
who deputed them, they can ussure your Excellency that no available^ practicable, or safe
navigation can be found on the south shore to communicate with the projected canal.

That the shallowness of the water, the dangerous rocks, the almost constant surf, the
want of anchorage and safe harbourage, on the south shore are familiar and notorious to
evei'v navigator of the River St. Lawrence.

That apart from the difficulties of a navigation so beset with natural dangers, they can-
not view without alarm the expenditure of so large a sum, in such near proximity with the
' Anxtrican territory, without offerins their most earnest remonstrance against a risk, which no

obstacles or diilerence of cost on nth fhore render it expedient or necessary to incur.

That in the event of hostilities t; (Jnited States, the first object of that power would

be to secure the possession of ? mal, the more easily to transport their army and

munitions of war, tnereby 'he more speedily to invest the city of Montreal.

That by the posscssioi of the canal, the more easily acquired by its land and water proximity
to the American frontie<' , V\". enemy would command both lakes, and at once cut otl' all
communication betwi^en tlu> upper and lower parts of the Province, whether by the River
St. Lawrence or the Rif'eau Canal.

That in commui.ict-ting the apprehensions entertained by the county of the contingent
danger of the selected route, they should ill discharge the duty entrusted to them if that
apprehension could be misinterpreted irtr i doubt of the power of the Crown to maintain
the integrity of the empire, or to shield «ith its protection the meanest of its subjects ; but
although suca a confidence is a ground of congratulation to them as forming part of that
empire so capable of defending every inch of its soil, or avenging its violation, it does not
appear as any ground for courting danger in the selection of a locality of easy approach
and acknowledged risk in preference to one unencumbered with any such obstacles.

That sensible of the impolicy and danger of placing the canal on the south shore, the
Parliament of Lower Canada, in granting the funds for the survey and plans for the im-
provement of the navigation between these two lakes, restricted that inquiry and survey by
exacting that the survey should be between La Chine and the province line of Upper
Canada on the north shore.

That the north shore presents the most obvious facilities for the construction of a canal
connecting the two lakes, by cutting in a straight line from the upper lake to the rear of the
church at the Cedars, a distance ot eight miles, through an tas'y soil, principally of clay
and sand ; there it falls into a deep iavine, forming a natural ami deep canal from the rear
of that village to Lake St. Louis, within about ten acres of the Cascades.

"That if there is a poss.bility of the canal being, as they assert, inaccessible or dangerous
in its approach, wh^tlic from the want of water anchorage, depth of water, set of the cur-
rent, or the prevailing ivinds, the outlay w ill be both inexpedient and unproductive ; to be
hereafler abandoned or only made available by the imposition of great additional burthens
on the people to remedy the defect, by the formation of harbours and breakwaters, at an
expense perhaps exceeding the original cost of the canal.

That the undersigned therefore most respectfully beg leave to submit to your Excellency
the propriety of orde.-ing a nautical survey of the harbours and approaches of the contem-
plated canal by officers of the Royal Navy, as competent and disinterested persons, as the

only

»rN.

/ '*

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

9«

jiilv «af<' mode of confirming the |)ronriety ol" tho mule at jircwMil deciilc<l on ; or that vour
lvv(('IU>iirv will he plfU!U>(l to (li'lcr llic ounsidtTutiou of its lucality until tlie ouiuiun ol the
I'rovincial' Legislature ran l>-' UM.-ertaiiii'(l.

All which i> imwt rcM|)fctfully submitted tvitli uiifiMjiiieil rfi»p<-ct hy your Excellency'*
moHt obetlient huniblf »tervant»,

John Simj)\nn, Chairman.

R. //unrixx/.

tldward SH/Uvaii.

Ci. lienuilft.

Uutrlet M'Phtrion

W. Duncan.

H. Ihtekett.

J. ^^'^lti,■r.

H. Water,.

Jioherl M'liityre.

A. Roy.

Orion I'eafe.

P.J. Mauon.

./. ./. Loz.

K. Hays.

J. n. Christin.

J. Uirmiwg/iam.

A. Prrnj.

W. Koehuck.

Coteau du Lac, 2<> J

line 1842.

John Birm

insiham.

John SimpwH,

--•■

Secretary.

Cliuiruian.

Answf.r.
Gentlemen,

I HAVE considered with much attention ihe artrunients which you ur<;e againat the con*
struction on the south shore of the St. Lawrence of the canal which is to connect tiic lake*
St. Francis and St. Lewis.

In respect to the physical difTiculties on which you insist, I can assure you that, jiif-
viously to adopting my decision, 1 had had before me the rejjort of a cuni|>etent engineer,
totally unconnected with this province, and therefore free froui all local bias. From his
report, confirmed by the o])inion of the Chuiriimn of the Itoard of Works, I gather that
a canal can be made both more cheaply and more easily on the south than on the north
shore, and that you are mistaken in your estimate of the physical obstructions to sucii
a work. Incompetent myself to pronounce an opinion on a question of this nature, I must
rely, and I do so with confidence, on the reprcseutiitions I receive from thosi? whose profes-
sional reputation is involved in the correctness of their statements, and who can have im
personal motive to mislead me.

With respect, however, to the political considerations adduced by you, I feel no sulIi
difficulty. Should hostilities unfortunately arise between Great Britain and the IJiiited
States, "it would be the duty of the iiovcrnment of this province to protect Her Majesty's
subjects living on the south no less than those on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, and
the -vhole power of Great Britain would be put forth to do so. I cannot contemplate the
pcssibility that Her Majesty's troops might he driven from the south side of the St.
Lawrence ; but even were si; h a misibrtune to occur, the communication between Upper
and Lower Canada by the Rideau Canal would still remain open, and the enemy would
derive no greater facilities for his operations by ])osscssion of the canal now in question.
The munificence of Great Britain has provided the Itideau line of communication as
a defence in time of war, and so long as that remains open, ihe intercourse, betw <en the
upper and lower parts of the St. Lawrence cannot be cut off.

Under these circumstances I must decline to interfere witii the decision already taken in
this matter. I cannot consent to impose on the province the unnecessary additional ex|)ense
of making the canal on the north side, with a view to future possible hostilities ; nor do I see
any reason for delaying the commencement of the work till the meeting of the Legislature,
whereby we should lose the whole of the present season.

Enclosure 2, in No. 17.

To His Excellency the Right hon. Sir Charles Bajot, g.c.d. Governor General of the
I'rovince of Canada, &c. &c. 8cc.

May it please your Excellency,

We, the undei-signed chairman and conunittee, appointed at a public meeting of the
county of Glengarry, held this day at Williamstown, beg leave most respectfully to express
our unfeigned regret on learning that it is y n Excellency's intention to eflect the junction
of Lakes St. Francis and St. Lewis, by constructing a canal on the south shore of the
St. Lawrence.

From the personal knowledge of the committee, as well as of a great majority of those
who have deputed us, we can assure your Excellency that no available or practicable navi-
gation can be found on the south shore, by which a salt; communication can be obtained
with the projected canal.

The shallowness of the water, the many dangerous rocks, the almost constant surf, the
595- M -.2 want

Enrl. 2, 111 No. 17.

l»*>

PAPERS RELATIVE TO

»tnt of anchonme, and a total abi^nce of any iafe harbour on the south i-liore at the
WMtem extremity of the proimncd canal, are ingurmonnUible obntaclo* to it« adoption.

We cannot view the expenditure of »o Iar};e a sum. (to near the American territory, with-
out offering our reipectful remonstrance ai;Bin»t iw iinnecesnary a n«k, which no obnUclen
or difference of cost on the north nide render* it ex|)edient to incur.

In the event of hostiliUe* with the I'nited State*, the hr«t ohiect of that power would be
to secure the poMe«»ion of the canal, and thus faciliUtc the invasion »i the city of

Montreal. . , . • • - .l »

With the poateMion of this canal, so easily acquired by lU proximity to the American
frontier, the enemy would comii.and both lakes, and at once cut ott all communication
between the up^er and lower parts of the |)roviiice, not only by the route of the Kiver
St. Uwience, but also by that of the Rideau Canal. The danger of this is too apparent to

need further comment. , , , . . .•

The impolicy and danger of placing the canal on the south shore were apparent to the
I'arliament of the late province of Lower Canada ; and in granting funds for the survey
and phuis for the improvement of the navigation between these two lakes, they restricted
the survey to the north shore.

From the reason we assigned we are decidedly of opinion, that the contemplated route
must be abandoned, or else great additional burthens must be imposfd on the people to
remedy the defects by the formation of harbours and breakwaters, and by deepening the
bed of the river at an cxpiise exceeding the original cost of the canal.

Tp guard against this certain loss we would most resiiectfully submit to your Excellency
the wisdom of ordering a nautical survey of the approaches to the intended route to 1*6
made by competent persons, assisted by officers of the navy and experienced pilots, as the
•inly sate mode prior to iU adoption, or that it may please your Excellency to postpone the
measure until the opinion of the I'ro.incial Legislature can be obtained.
• ,. .n' I We have, &c.

(signed) John M'Gillivray, Chairman.

Alexander Fraier, i.v.
Daniel E. M'liiti/re, m. o.
Hugh M'dillit J. V. ^Committee.

1 ,'") James M' Donald.

' ,. ., Alexander M'Keh$ie,t,F.

Answeh.

PtiE arguments which you uree against the construction of the canal between lakes St.
incis and St. Louis, on the southern shore of the St. Lawrence, have already been 'jrought
by the address from certain inhabitants of Coteau du Lac and its

Gentlemen,

Tti
Francis 1

under my notice
vicinity.

In respect to the physical difficulties on which you insist, I can assure you that, previously to
adopting my decision, I had had before me the s-eport of a competent engineer totally uncon-
nected with this province, and therefore free from all local bias. From his report, confirmed
by the opinion or the Chairman of the Board of Works, I gather that a canal can be made
both more cheaply and more easily on the south than on the north shore, and that the
obstructions to the approaches to which you advert, and for the examination of which you
suggest a nauticul survey by officers of the navy, assisted by experienced pilots, do not really
exist. Incompetent myself to pronounce, an opinion on a question of this nature, I must
rely, and 1 do so with confidence, on the representations made to me by those whose pro-
fessional reputation is involved in their correctness, and who can have no personal motive to
mislead me ; and I feel assured that when the Legislature shall have before them the
grounds on which I have proceeded, they will be satisfied that 1 have taken every necessary
precaution before commencing this work, so important to the future commerce of the
country.

With respect to the political considerations adduced by you, I feel no difficulty in forming
my opinion. Should hostilities unfortunately arise between Great Britain and the United
States, it would be the duty of the Government of this province to protect Her Majesty's
subjects living on the south no less than those on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, and
tiie whole power of Great Britain would bo put forth to do so. I cannot contemplate the
possibility that Her Majesty's troops might be driven from the south side of the St. Law-
rence ; but even were such a misfortune to occur, the communication between Upper and Lower
Canada by the Rideau Canal would still remain open, and the enemy would derive no addi-
tional facilities for his operations by possession of the canal now in question. The munifi-
cence of Great Britain having provided the Rideau line of communication as a defence in
time of war, and so long as that remains open the intercourse between the Upper and Lower
parts of the St. Lawrence being secured, I cannot consent to impose on tne province the
unnecessary additional expense of constructing a second canal in the same section of the
province with reference to the possibility of future military operations in its neighbourhood ;
nor do I nee any reason for delaying the commencement of the work till after the meeting
of the legislature, whereby the whole of the present season would be lost.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

tu the

— No. 18. —

(No. 23.'i)
Copy of a DESPATCH from Lord SloHley to the Right Honourabh* Sir No. i8.

Ckarleg Baaot, Bart., o. c. B. I)i.notch from

Sir. . .^^\"8-;T*;n.S \Tr* "'*•*;. 'oAug.K:''

I HAVK had the honour to receive your despatch of the 19th of July, on the ■

Bubicet of the canal between Lakes St. Francis and St. Lewis.

I am glwl to have received this exposition of your views on a subject which
has given rise to inquiries on the jmrt of persons in this countrj- intereste<l in
the progress of the pubUc works in Canada, and which I have hitherto not had
the means of satisfying ; and I shall also be glad to receive the rejwrt of the
civil engineer, which you promise me.

I observe that yoiu- despatch does not state the amount of saving in expense
which will be effected by making the canal on the south side of the St. Lawrence,
instead of on the north. Probably the report of the engineer will supply this
omission. I confess that it is not without regret that I assent to the sacrifice
of the military advantages which would have resulted from carrying the canal on
the north bank ; but I am bound to admit that, on the grounds stated by you,
the inconvenience will be considerably less than would at first sight appear ;
and on the whole, after due consideration of the reasons which have influenced
you in making your selection, and adverting to the local knowledge requisite
in a case of this description, I am disposed to leave the decision of the question

in your hands.

I have, &c.

(signed) Stanley.

P. S. 2 September. — Since the above was written, I have received your
subsequent despatch of the 6th August, No. 165, enclosing a report firom the
President of the Board of Works on the subject. The evidence which it furnishes
fully justifies the conclusion previously adopted by me.

(No. 162.)

— No. 19.

Copy of a DESPATCH from the Right hon. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart., G. c. B.,

to Lord Stanley.

Government House, Quebec,
My Lord, 26 July 1842.

I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your Lordship's despatch
of the 2d instant, No. 190, explaining the decision to which Her Majesty's
Government have come in regard tc the Public Works and Loan Acts of the last
session, in consequence of the representations contained in my despatches to
your Lordship of the 28th April and 6th May last.

I learn with very sincere latisfaction that Her Majesty's Government have
decided on not re-opening in the Provincial Legislature the question as to the
works to which the public resources should be first made available. I rejoice
at this, because I am convinced that the decision come to last session w^ as
free from local biases and sectional interests as can possibly be expected in
popular body, while it left out none of those more important works in which
the future prosperity of the country is involved. It would not indeed be
difficult, if it were necessary, to show that the apparently minor works included
in the Act are of essential importance to the opening and settlement of the
country, while they are far beyond the unassisted, means of the several districts
in which they are situated. But it is unnecessary for me at present to enter on
that discussion.

The most serious embarrassment, however, anticipated in my despatch of the
6th May, arose from the fact, that " the money necessary up to that date had
been advanced by the banks, on the faith of the Acts passed last Session ;" but

595. M 3 that.

No. 19.

Deopatcli from
Sir C. Bagnt to
Lord Stanley,
36 July 1843.

Page 85.

PAPERS REIATIVE TO

i! i:i

III

tliat. -liouW " the sctflcuK nt .if tlic i»rr>viii(ial tinnncfs be poMponod until
miDtlur incTtin;: of Parliaincnt. the wiirkn must Im- at oner arn-sti-il, the nm-
tratts wliifh liavr h««n inaiU- iiui>t he almiMknn-d, the inoiny ailvanrc<l by thi-
baiik> must bi- rtpanl, and a Mate of confusion. disap|)ointmrnt, ftnd ilistrcss,
\vhi<h it if* iinpossibh- to rxnjrerratr. nin-'t iM-pnKluml thnniphout theronntry."
From till!* cmljarrassincnt your 1/iHsbip cxpresHPH your satisfaction at btini;
nblc t»t relieve nic ; and with tliat view, you empower me to proceed under the
Public W<»rks Act. nn alMnif to be confinned, althouL'b you postjione takini? the
fonnal steps for its confirmation until you shall bnvc receirod my answer to
your despatch. Hut, retaining your (minion as to the nlative advantajces ot the
Bchemes proixmed by ll«r Majesty's late and present (Jovj-rnment, ycm diirct
nie to bring each of those schemes under the ccmsideration of the Pnnincial
I>'f;islature, leaving to them the decision as to which shall be ultiniately
adopted.

Kor the discn-tion thus entnisted to nu- I have tr) tender my acknowledg-
ments ; l)ut there is one omission in the arrangement to which I must solicit
Page 78. your attention. The stoppage of the jmblic works adverted to in my despatch
of the rtth May, I expected to arise from the failure of funds, rather than
from the disallowance of the Act 4th & 5th Victoria, c. 28. It was therefore
against the delay in regard to the Umn Act that I i)artietilarly desirei? to re-
monstrate, ns in fact the pivot on which the whole arrangement turned. But
your Lordshijt ai)pears to c!;!>s-der that the authority to proceed with the public
works, is all that is re(iuired ; and you omit entirely all notice of the means by
which funds for those works are to be jjrocured. It is true that the Public
Works Act contains an authority to the (iovernment to issue debentures to tlie
extent therein specified; but I need not point out that that authority is
necessarily couph'd with t\w giiarantce of the loan in England ; that it was
based upt)n it, smd is inoperative without it.

^'our Lordship has truly observed that I should not l)e justified in issuing
the debentures authorised by this Act under par, or at a higher interest than
Tt per cei»t. Had an Act been .alrea<ly passed by the British Parliament to
guarantee the existing debt of Canada, and by that means both to relieve her
finances liy the diminution of interest, and to imjj.'ove her credit by showing the
confidence of the Imperial Legislature in her solvency, I have no doubt that the
mone} might have been obtained on those terms. But without such a guarantee,
with her finances still incumbered by the heavy interest of the old debt, and
her credit not unaffected by the delay which has taken place in respect to the
guarantee, such a transaction would be altogether hoj)eless. In the meantime,
the banks who have advanced the money on the understanding that it would
not be retiuired for any lengthened perit*!, are becoming impatient to be i)aid,
and 1 am utterly without the means of discharging their claims. I trust there-
fore that your Lordship will, at your earliest convenience, inform me in what
way this difficulty is to be overcome.

The course pointed out in my despatch of the 6th May was the advance by
the Imperial Treasury of the sum necessary to carry on the publicr works
during the present year; and this would appear to be almost the only way in
which the assistance of the British Treasur}', in the present stage of the matter,
cculd be given. The guarantee of a loan to the amount required, which under
other circumstances would appear the most convenient course for the British
Treasury, would in fa(;t anticipate the decision of the Legislature on the ques-
tion which it is desired to submit to them ; and although, as I have before
stated, I do not look upon the two plans, abstractedly considered, as differing
much from each other, yet as Her Majesty's Government have determined that
the choice between them should be left to the Provincial Legislature, it is right
that those bodies should have the opportunity of considering them unfettered
by any previous proceedings. The advance from the British Treasury, what-
ever might be the decision of the Legislature, would be very temporary. If they
should adhere to the original plan, it would be repaid out of the proceeds of
the debentures issued under the existing Public Works' Act ; if they should
prefer the new plan, out of the proceeds to be raised under the Act which
must then be passed to appropriate the guarantee of Great Britain towards the
works.

In respect to the other iopics adverted to in your despatch, it seems hardly
necessary for me to detain your Lordship. I need scarcely say that I shall

endeavour

/'b

PUBUC WORKS (CANADA).

fiidfrtvour to nrt iij) to your oautioii n-sriinlinif the siifficicni-v of thr estiiuntrs
of any works that may Jm- in «-onti>iii])latioii : imUvil, tlu- Art l>y wliiili thr
Boanf of Works is ronstitut»'<l nml tntnisti'tl with the su|M'rint<-iulti'.if of
s»u"h undertakiiipt, ajijiears to b«' an «'fft'ctual (fnnrantfr airainst laxity on tliis
|H)int. I shall alst», of roursj', strictly obwrve the pnivisions of tin- law in
respei't to the amount to lie ajiproi^at*"*! t(» rnrh of th«- swi-ral works, niid the
rate at whiirh that amount is to he raised ; and i shall eontinue to endeavour,
us I have hitherto done, to secure the priority of those works which are of inon'
general rather than of compamtivj'ly local ini|)ortanee. l'iH)n the ars:unient
respecting the two jtlans of enijihvyin!; the British Kuarantee, it is unneiissary
for nie to enter, as the question is no longer one for my th-cision ; hut 1 nuist
obsene that that part of the scrheme which contemjilates the creation of a
sinkiufi fund of ."> jmt cent, per nnnuni for the redemption of the debt, if it be
insisted on inunediately and while the works are still unfinished, and therefore
altogether un|)roductive, will press most severely and I feur injuriously on the
resources of the provinc^e. It would be ec^ual, in the first instance, to the pay-
ment *)f 9 percent, instead of 4,011 the whole sum rais«'d ; and although the
effect of such a pressure would be ;?rad\ially to diminish nn«l eventually to wii)e
out the aimual intt-rest, it would be almost insupportable at first. The annexa-
tion of this condition wouhl jjrobably induce the Lcfosluturi? to prefer the former
scheme, of which it fornu'd no part.

I am nmch obliged for your Lordshiit's suiigestion in resj)ect to the nioile of
hrinsriufj the matter before the Legislature. I am inclined to think that it
would be more consonant to the practice of this country that p.n address sliould
hv presented to me by the House, re([uesting communication of the corres])ond-
ence. Upon that jjoint, however, it is unnecessary for me to adojjt any inmie-
diate decision.

I have, &c.
(signed ) Charles liagot.

(No. 240.)

\'c'. 20.

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lord Statthy to the Rijrht l-.onourable Sir
Charles Bagot, Bart, g.c.r.

Sir, Downing-street, 1 Sejjtember I84:J.

I HAVE to acknowledge the receipt of your tkjspatch (No. 102) of the 2«th
July, in reply to mine of the 2d of that month (No. 190) communicating to you
the decision of Her Majesty's Government with regard to the Public Works and
Loan Acts passed by the Legislature of Canada in their last session.

With regard to your proposal that the Imperial Treasury should advance a
sufficient sum in anticipation of the new loan, to enable you to discharge the
claims on the provincial governments arising out of the works which have been
commenced this year by your authority, I enclose for your information a copy
of the correspondence which has passed between ray department and the Board
of Treasury on the subject.

I have, &c.
(signed) Stanley.

No. 2u.
IJcspatch from
'ujxa Stunlcy to
Sir C. Bagot,

I Sept. 1842.

Page* 85 k 93.

Enclosure 1, in No. 20.

„,^'''' , , Downine-street, 16 August 1842.

W iTH reference to your etter of the 17th June last. 1 anrdirecled by Lord Stanley to End. i, in No. 20.
transmit to you the enclosed copy of a despatch from the Governor of Canada respecting
the decision of Her Maiesty's Government on the subject of the loan of 1,500,000?. to be
raised for the service of that province under the guarantee of the Imperial Parliament ; uufl
I aiii to request that you would, in laying this despatch before the Lords Commissioners of
the Treasury, call their Lordships' immediate attention to the application made by Sir
Charles Bagot for an advance from the British Treasury of a sum of money to enable him
to liquidate claims ansing out of tlje public works which he had authorised to be com-
menced this year.

C. L. Trevelyan, Esq. (signed) G. W. Hope.

595.

M 4

\^U

PAPERS UELATIVE TO

Euclosure 2, in No. 20.

I'ntl. a, in No. au.

j,ii. Treaitury Chaiiiljers, '2H Aujjust IHI2.

In" rr'plv to your Ictlrr of tli.- I5th iM>.tai.t, n-Hjwct.nn the loan of 1,400,((()0/. to Ix- r.u»r.|

.o^th.-MrV.cpof«H„a.l:.. un<U.rtli,u'uurantr,.ol the lm,M;nal I'arliain.-nt, am <lir..,lc<l l.v

thi- Unis (:on,iiMK*,oiHr. of llor Muje«ly'H Tr.-u«ury to re<|U...l tluit yoii will ntute to Lor,

SUnlov that niv Lor.l» havini; aclverU-<l to K.ut (.art o( tl.o .l.M.at.h of tho C,ovLTiu.r.u(M..rul

of (Junada whirl. r.Tomni.-n.lH an advance from th.; Untwh rreas.iry ot thr sunw nrcrssary

lor

to carry
the final

on the puhlir workn of lliut i>rovin<e .luriii,' the interval which must elapse helore

,|e(i»ioii of the Canadian l.ei:islati.re as to the loan can be ascertained, they hav.-

only to oWivc, that as F»arl.anicnt has neither ^'iv.ii any authority to my Lords to sanction
snicli an advance, nor provided the funds fr.ni which it c.uid he made, my Lords hay.^ no
iMm.-rof ineetii.t: tho views of the (ioveriior-<;enerul in this .es|K'ct But iny Lords do not
..nticipale from tins iiml>ility on tiieir part the inconveniences which the Oovcrnor-general
was led to apprehend at the time when his despatch was written. ^ .. ,.

The (iovenior-genenil could not then have been aware that the authority of I'ariiament
had »)ccn obtained for the guarantee of a loan of 1,600,000/. for the hervice of the

province, . , • 1 ■ ■ • • „

Whatever nncertainty therefore might have previously existed us to the determination of
the Imperial lygislature on this point, or whatever might be the mode in winch the Lcgis-
lature of Canaila niigiit prefer to raise »nch a loan, there could, after the passing o» the Act
4 & n Vict. c. IIB, be no lonscr a doubt of a loan to that amount receiving the guarantee of
Her Majesty's Oovrrnnient.

The effect of this legislative proceeding on the credit ol the province could not but be most
advantageous; and my Lords apprehend that the additional security thus afforded that the
funds necessary for the execution of the public works already commenced would be
ultiroatcly provide<l by a loan under the guarantee of Great Britain, would greatly diminish
if not altogether allay the anxieties of those who had made large advances to the colonial

govcrniueiit.

I am, &c.
G. W. Hope, Esq. (signed) C. E. Trevelyan.

No. 21.

(No. 1 6,5.)

No. 21.

bcipatch from
Sir C. Bagot to
Lord Stanley,
6 August 1043.

COPY of a Despatch from the Right honourable Sir Charles Bagot, Bart.,

G.C.B., to Lord Stanley.

My Lord, Government House, Montreal, 6 August 1842.

With reference to my despatch to your Lordship of the 19th ultimo, I have
the honour to transmit to your Lordship herewith a copy of the Report made
to me by the Chairman of the Board of Works, as to the relative advantages of
constructing the canal between lakes St. Francis and St. Louis, on the north
or south shore of the St. Lawrence. I trust that the statements contained in
this Report will convince your Lordship of the propriety of my decision to
undertake that work on the south side.

I have adopted what appeared to me to be the necessary precautions to
prevent misunderstandings between the inhabitants of the country through
which the canal will run, and the labourers employed on the work.

I have, &c.
(signed) Charles Bagot.

■ mi

I- ■

1!" '

III

Enclosure in No. 21.

End. in No. 11.

Ui I

Sir, Montreal, 1 August 1842.

I HAVE the honour to acknowledge, through you, the protest or remonstrance forwarded
to His Excellency the Governor-general by Mr. Simpson, against what he states to be
" the recently selected line " of the St. Lawrence Canal. The general tour of inspection on
which I have been engaged for some time has prevented my receiving that document until
within the last day or two. I now hasten to lay before you such facts and information con-
nected with the matter as will, I trust, fully satisfy his Excellency that the opinion of
Council upon which he has acted in giving his sanction to the proposed canal bein^ con-
structed on the south side of the river was not adopted without full and mature considera-
tion ; that my departmental report,upon which principally the Council founded that opinion,
was not made without due examination and abundant and well-ascertained data; and,
finally, that in acting upon that report, the Council was but carrying out the plan as esti-
mated

/»«

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

•7

matr<l for, tnd itubniilted In, and approved of by th« LrgiaUturr. No expraMJon of diM|>-
uniral of the «outh tide wa* uneti in the liouM>, a* I undrntiiod, but it did ttronKl*- Fxpiyno
Its dicinolination to have the coniulctiuii of any portion of th« naviKati<Ni of the St L^wrrnrr
deferred for or contingent upon tlie procuring of a loan fmni any pnvate company.

The wiection of the moat elit;ible route for thi» canal haa reteived a great deal of attric
tioii, prrtfeMJnnal and otherwine, for a IfNig time. It ia more than '10 years tii;<i, I ui.der-
■tniul, Kince the first survey was instituted ; and there have been in all 10 surveys made from
that time to the present, of which the following is an abstract : —

1. The first was made about 20 years ago by a French engineer, who having generally
examined both sides of the river, located tne woik on the south side. This centl(;maii'i«
report I have not been able to obtain, but the result of it, as stated, I have had fmiii highly
res|>ectablc authority.

2. The second was innde in 1893 on the norlh »iue, by Mr. Mills, under the direction
of the then commissioiiem, among whom were Messrs. Ilarwood and De Beaujeu, the
■eigniors of the prn|)crties adjoining, and through whicli it was proposed to run the canal.
This line entered the river from " M'Donald's Point," near Mr. Simpson's house. It wan
to be maintained partly in the river and partly by artificial outs, and terminated »t the fiwt
of the Cascades : the estimate 'i36,7H'i /. Th<' objections to this line arc strongly and
fairly set forth in the reports of Messrs. Bainl .>. Stevenson, and arc, in my judgment,
insuperable. Its entrance is represented to be obstructed by shoals, and l)eing on the
lee snore of Lake St- Francis, with the miich prevailing south-west wind blowing on, sailing
craft frequently could not get out, when they could, without difficulty, leave the opposite
aide. Of this ]\i,e (about 14i miles in length,) nearly eight miles ate in the river, having
in places a velocity of five miles an hour, and there are three parts of canal alternating
with two of river. The cunal portions are principally etlccted by cutting across projecting
points, and by building locks ; and in sundry parts, in order to avoid deep cutting into the
nigh banks of the river, which are here composed of a sleechy clay, with veins of snnd,
and are very much given to slide, it was intended to form the canal by moles or dams to an
extent of about 13,000 feet in length, and in some cases in very deep water and in rapid
currents. The foundations of all the locks, as well as those of the dams, are under the
immediate influence of the river, and the dithculties of construction generally on this line
would be so great, that I am confident it could not be efl'ected for the estimate. In this
opinion I am joined by Colonel Philpotts, who estimates it at little less than 500,000 /. and
who 1 have every reason to believe selected it as the best the north side uflbrded, with
reluctance.

3. The third survey was also made by Mr. Mills on the north side, commencing and
ending at the same points respectively, us No. 'J : the estimate Ibr this route is 3'2'l,043/.
This line Mr. Mills himself did not recommend ; and among other practicable objoctions,
is liable to that of having the whole of the lockage (82 feet) combined in one spot.

4. The fourth survey was made again on the north side by Mr. Mills. Starting from the
same point as Nos. 2 and 3, but crossing through the seigniories of Messrs. Harwood and
dc lieaujeu, it terminated at the lake of the two mountains, near the village of Vaudreuil,
about a quarter of a mile from Mr. Harwood's house. Mr. Mills's estimate for this line was
442,702/., and it also was not recommended by that gentleman.

5. The fifth survey was made by Mr. Stevenson in 1833, on the south shore, passing
through the seigniory of Beauhamois- - the estimate 224,444/. In speaking of this route,
Mr. Stevenson says, "The whole of this line, taken together, therefore presents perhaps one
of the most advantageous that can be imagined ; the excavation is comparatively easy, and
the greater part of it extremely so : no embankments required but what may be made up
from the proceeds of the excavation ; no large culverts necessary." In reporting on this
line, Mr. Baird (an engineer of considerable experience, and wlio was employed on the
works of the Rideau), states, " In all the course of my experience in practical engineering
I never traced a more eligible line for the same distance — the formation, quality (with little
exception), and direction, being every thing that could be wished."

This is tiie line with some trifling impruvcnients, now being executed. It will be con-
structed on the scale adopted i'or 2.55,000 /. ; but in drawing a comparison between it on
the same scale, and the cost of that on the north side, which Mr. Harwood states to be the
cheapest, viz. 380,032/., the estimate for No. 5 (the one adopted), should be taken at
285,000/.

U. The sixth survey was made in IH35 by Mr. Baird. Mr. Baird also gives the preference
to the south side, and in his report fully corroborates Mr. Stevenson's survey (No. 5) and
report ; but Mr. Baird was disposed to go still more south, so as to adopt part of the river
St. Louis, and terminate at Beauhamois village.

7. 'The seventh survey was that made on the south side by Mr. Keefer in March last,
rcfiulting in the full confirmation of No. 5.

li. The eighth survey was made in April last by Mr. Tate, and sustains equally with
Messrs. Baird and Keefer, Mr. Stevenson s survey and report No. 5.

it. The ninth survey consisted of the marking out of the line (No. 5) for execution, in the
course of which more favourable features developed themselves daily.

10. The tenth survey was made lately by Mr. Keefer, of the line pointed out by Mr.
Hurwood on the north side, as being " the cheapest, and one not previously explored."

All these several lines of levels, m the Board's possession, taken from the year 1833 to
the present, and crossing the country in all directions ; the information derived from their
engineer, who is intimately acquainted with the locality, especially on the north side, having

595- N " been

\^"

I'.VPEIIS RELATIVE TO

hew nt the timf Mr. MilUn «iiiii»taiil m the »urvr y» ; the v.ry •i»ti»f«< l.«ry nalurr <.f the
dorumiiitit (il Mr. >ti»<ii»i.ii III f»vc.iir of tlii' canal cm thf »>>ulh o"!' ; th- lull rorT.>b->rutiun
oi t\^me <l..ruiiiinl» l.v Mmnm. liair.J, Kwfrr, ami Tatr. Ii.n.t»ur wUli my wluile jfencml
a(<|iiaintaiicr wild the ouiilry. aii*l iiatiirr ..f th«- atralu, fully roiiviiu-. .1 iiik Iihi^ niiuf that
tlie Mmlh ltd*- wiu tin- f»n)|Mr »iU- u|miii which tlw canal »h«ul<l be coiiHtructt-d. Thi» coii-
TiitiiHi iH daily iiMirr and iiioro tonlimi*-*! I>v the rwult of thr »ever»l •*tf|)n now l>clll^ taken
in niakinu out thr whole of iln w>>rk for execution, a* well an by the ik tiial excavation which
i* rafiidlv Ixini; advunci-«l, there U-inn aUmt 700 men at work for some Uiiii!. Thia i)|>mion
1 aUted in a re|)<>rt to l<urd Sydenham two yiiir« atfo; but the luemoranda aUo which I
furmahed to that iioblemun previuiii to laitt i>e*»ion, and which wire laid b<-furii the llouae
of Awiembly. and limited by itt order, and u|k)|| which the appnmriutionit ttureed to by that

l»eili){ nmde oil the
Mr. Sini|)aon'.s lettei

louth aide, and muai,

lu to " tliu line Iteiti);

btxiy were iiiiide, Jmlinclly refer to the ciiniil
thrrefore, »ati»facl«irily refute the uHitertion in
recently iielectcd."

Nolwithiituiidiiii.' all theoe itoiirci h of |M)ititive informution to which I have referred, and
my |M'r(ert convii turn, founded thereon, that the country wan nutKcieiiliy examined, Kceing
the continued inten^itb'il inw-KtutementM iiiid mmrepreitentationa wliicii umK-iired in the public
pa|M-rH, and ihitt Mr. lliiruiHHl hud Htated publicly, ami in print, tliut "there was yet
another hue uii(!Xplored on the north oide, iiiid which, he wiw certain, could be executed at
lenK coMt than any other ;" in order to net timt fioint at rcMt, the engineer to the lioiird wa«
directe<l to iiriM-eed lo Viiudieuil, and huviiit; (;ot Mr. llarwiHKi to jioint out tliii* line tu him,
to pn>ceed to lake the liveU of it, ho iis to be enabled to form 11 compurative eHtimate of ita
ei*t. 'Hiin duty hiw been etfeetivelv |>erform(^d by Mr. Keefer ; but a* I do not consider it
iieceNMiry to intlict u|H)II Mm Kxcellency tfie wudin^ throui;h u muM of prufenaional luinutioi^
I will conhiie inynelf to milking; three e.xtruetH from Mr. Reefer's report, viz. : —

" The water in the bay iit thedelxmchenientof the river Quinchiun, wjieru Mr. Ilurwood's
line terniiimtes, and for a ipiarter of 11 mile ull round it, will not averu>;e more than six feet
witter. I con>ider it iieceMHury, therefore, to allow for u bank, or mole lH:in<| continued about
'200 feet from the iihorp, down to the |>oint where Mr. MilU'a line (No. 3) entcrx, (a dibtance
of a,70U teet); this bank xboiild niise the water in the basin formed bv it about aix feet.
Totiil length of .Mr. ilurwotxi's line lCt\ miles. It is, therefore, A-Uths of a mile longer tliaa
Mr. Mills's, and thrive miles niid it (piarter longer than that on the south side." Again,

" The acl'onlpanyill^; plan will at once convince you that Mr. Ilarwood iias disi.-overed
nothinu: worthy the serious Htteiition of (iovi-niiuent, nor has he pointed out any favourable
fi'titiiri! in the country tlint was not fully considered in the surveys that have been already
made." Finally, " It would therefore ap|)ear, that tho cost of the route proposed by Mr.
Harwood would exceed that of Mr. Mills's inland route by about one-fifth (anu would there-
lore amount to :iUI),li3'i/.). 'i'his I imagine is sutKcieiit to show that it would be a fruitless
task to <;o any furtlier into details, or to spend any more time in making mure elaborate
examinations. The north side of the St. Lawrence between the Lakes was thoroughly
examined by Mr. Mills in lH3:t; and in that duty 1 assisted him, und luude out all his
plane. From the intimate knowledge I have thus acquired oi that part of the country, I
feel a good degree of assurance in expressing the opinion, that no line on the north side caa
be found to equal in economy, in facility of navigation, or in freedom from the disturbing
causes of flood and ice, the route intended to be pursued on the south side."

His Excellency, in his reply to the Vaudreuil address, has so fully exposed the insuf-
ficiency of military and political reasons adduced by the opponents of the canal on the south
side, I feel it only remains for ine to notice the assertion of Mr. Simpson, that " water cannot be
found at the entrance and exit of the depth contemplated in the canal ; consequently vessels
which the canal would be capable of bearing, will be incapable of getting in our out."

Now, first, as regards the proposed entrance to the canal from Lake St. Louis, Mr. Ste-
venson thus speaks :

" It commences in a cove above M'Pherson's Point, in the south branch of the river,
about half a mile below the upper end of Grande He, where the bank is low, and 10 feet
of water is found ut 150 feet from the shore."

On the same point Mr. Baird says :

"The first duty became the ascertaining of the most eligible points of departure from the
lakes for ihe depih of water required (nine feet on the Mitro Cile), with a due regard to the
distance belween these points. These requisites I found to exist in Lake St. Francis, at or
near the commencement of the south channel ai B. and H. respeciively, the former having
been fixed on by Mr. Stevenson on his survey as the most eligible, and in which I perfectly
coincide."

On the same point Mr. Tate, who was sent by the Board to take levels, soundings, 8ic.
preparatory to the commencement of the work, thus speaks : —

" At the fool of Lake St. Francis, a point on the south-eastern side, extending from the
>liore of Hungry Bay, called Grosse Point, forms one side of a small bay called Chartier's
Bay, which is the mouth of the South Channel, or of that portion of the river which runs
between the Grande He and the mainland of Beauhamois. The other side of this bay is
formed by an island called • He aux Chats,' or 'Clarke's Island.' Upon considering tlie
capabilities of this bay as a harbocr or entrance to a canal, it will appear to be sheltered by
Grosse Point from the prevailing wind, which is south-west, us well as from the surf and
swell of Hungry Bay, from which it is quite distinct and separate. It has an entrance of
sufficient extent and depth of water, in the whole breadth of which, about 1,188 yards,
there are two shoals of small extent, upon one of which is a rock with but five feet over it.

There

/ > ».

PlIEl.lt' WORKS (CAN ADM

«w

"nM-rv !• r»rry facility for rrmi>«iiiu llw*- iiIkmiU it ii«-<'iit«:irv ; hut fr«>ii» tlw («rt >>( lh<T»'
briii'4 ihn<- mtninrrK c>( from (too to I.Silu tcft iii wullli rm li, and with u drplh i>f water
varviiiK fr""* '"^ •" '•"• '•■''•» '• '"".* '"' ''••'•iimmI milttrii-nt to |>I«it buoy* o»«r iliriu.

■* I'upiiiinu the rhuiiii4-l down, thi-n' m ii Hid- reurh, ••xtriidiiitf n unit* ami « i|iiartrr, with
a |;ihmI cImv lioltoni, iiiid ahc'.trn-tl fruiii thr w iiida ; tliv current dtM>« not i-tco-d two riiilM
an hour, hihI tlirrc iirc In fci-toC wairr at 120 fi-«'t Irom tin- "liorp. Ilrrc, thrrt-forc, i» a •air
aiid pxxl aiicliomi:!-, In>ni Churtu-rV liny l» « (xxiil ciilli'd M'IMirr«oii'taiirc ol
two iiiilcx mid lite < hum-. 'Iliix liiirUiur, ihcti, fully coiiici ii|i to the utaiidard of an
Hiirxr 'plioiiiihle eiilnmce."

Till- elulxirnte chiirt of Mr. Tlioiii|>A<in, n liydriM^ru|iliiT of deM-rvedly hit;h «taniliii|{, fully
■UKtiiiii* tlu' forei;oiin; d) s<Ti)itioii of Mr. Tutc.

Willi re»]K>ct to the I'litniiicc from l-ike .St. Loiii-, .Mr. Steveiinoii tliii* niieak' ; —

" llaviii<; cxaiiiiiied vriv inniiitely tile coii^t of Lake SI. I.oiiis, from tlie harbour at lt«>iiu>
hanioiH villiiue, u)i to the foot of the |{ii|>rdit, it distance ol iiiHuit two iiiiii'H, uiid foiiinl morf
thuii Milticicnt water lor niiv vchkcI tilyiiii: on the lakes, with a clear < ouitt mid niiKMith
bottom ; and near the fo<jt of the ItapidH, I found u little cove ut the luiidiiit; uf one
<'ouvilliin, ctieriii); the iiiiwt coiiveiiii'iit i>|K>t tt herein to coiuttruct the intruiic'v to ii cuiiul uf
thJK dvKcription."

The o|iinioii of .Mr. Tate on this puKition ih iih followx : —

" The |Mmitioii of tliiM jioiol, called (.'oiivillon'K l.aiidiii allonlmt! nn it rliM-H n MuHicient
ilepth of tvoter at u diKtiiiice of |:li feet from the chore, .. i l)eiii_' in a cove heitveeii itvii
ridyes of tock, IM liketvKe rendered further de^iralile for a delwuicheiiH'iit fioin htiii^ ut the
upjH'r end of nn inldy, which extendH nearly from .^t. I.<iui« I'oint ; u very favuuntble feature,
and one tvliich tvijl be calculutt^'d to assist the iinvi<;atioii up to tlie caiiid in a iiiaierial
dt'uree."

Mr. Tiitc concludes lux re|Mirt with the follotviiii; j;eii(!ial ob^ervationn ; —

Coii'idcriiij; llie distance helween the two levels of watt.T in llie lakcH, mid the extent
of the full ttliich Imx to be overcome, it uppearsi uh if iiuturc had, in a siiit;ular decree,
made cuiiipi iisiitioii for the ureal im|iedinientH in the ^vlltercou^^'e, by alloiilin',; on the
land by its side unusual facilities for eHtablisliin'.i at a modeiati' cost an elKcicnt and |K."r-
niiinent, artificial nnvl^^ation. The full of tlx' laiul very closely accoinpunieit the fall in thr
water. The vtatercoiirHes nossine; the linn are nniiiiportaiit, ami tliere are no gullies of any
con!>e(|neiice. The soil c of u kind to lender ciittiiii; easy, and for the last 71* chains the
line passes occasionally on a Im'iI of sandtttuiie rock, vthicli ri>ck, lon<; U'-ed for dttellini;-
houses in the nei;;hboiirhood, aii|<ears to stand tin' climate well, and t>:ll, I have every
reason lo believe, prcMluce frmu the exeat atioii a siilHcieiit (piantity of '^'oimI backini; stone
for the iimsonry of the locks, tvliiUt the refuse of it will be most cunviMiient for the con-
struction of the peers ut the entrance to the ciiii il."

Mr. Keefer also describes (.'<iiivillon's handinu; as a suitable and the fittest spot to select
for the entr.mce. The deep water h(^ finds to run in close lo the shore, n» descri'jed by the
other (rcntlenien. The eddy near the 8hore beinj; auxiliary to vessels beatin;; up in scant
winds, and the outer current e(|ually so in beatiiitr dutvn, and the construction of ttvo
nuHlerate piers on the ridj^es of rock on each side of the deep channel, one lo serve as a
whurf or landing, the other tu uflbid shelter from u wind blotving up the lake, will com-
pletely ufTord all the necessary convenience and uccoinmodation.

I have thus, without noticin<; the various anonymous misstatements which have been
circulated, confined myself simply to giving the facts and the essence of the sevenil reports
made from lime to time since 1B3:).

I feel saii<;uine that they will fully satisfy his Excellency upon the subject, and, I trust,
will, when known, remove from the public mind any false impressions which may have l>cen
made upon it. As deeply connected with the quiet and satisfactory progress of the tvork to
tvhich the foregoing relates, I tvould take the liberty of offering a few suggestions for the
consideration of his Excellency, and the adoption of which I would respectfully urge upon
his Excellency's serious attention, as tending, in my humble opinion, muterially to prevent
collisiim upon the works of this canal bettveen the different races which it must be expected
will necessarily iie congregated there, and which collision might lead to deplorable conse-
quences.

The peculiar circumstances of this work seem to me to require some peculiar arrangements
on the part of the government. An extensive public work is for the first time undertaken,
through a district entirely settled and inhabited by Canadians of French origin. A large
temporary population of strangers will be introduced and brought into immediate contact
with the settled inhabitants, and with whom the ditierence of language will not only be
a bar to friendly intercourse, but it may too reasonably be apprehended tnat those strau' ers,
whether labourers, contractors, or officers of Governn>ent, will, from being ignorant of the
language, usages, and peculiar feelings of the people, be likely to give them offence, or
do them wrong unintentionally. With respect to this point, it unfortunately happens that
there is no capable engineer of French Canadian origin, but I have taken all the precau-
tion in my power, by appointing two junior assistants of that race, and by the selection of
a paymaster and accountant who understand the people and language. It is further to be
tieared that petty trespasses, such as the pilfering of the gardens of the habitaus, 8u:. &c.
may frequently be committed, and engender irritation and hostility.

To guanl against these evils which 1 apprehend, as well as to render the first commence-
ment of eiitensive public works popular with the habitans, a few jteps appear to me ad-
visable to he taken.

595- N 2 l»t. Although

lUO

PAPERS RELATIVE TO

Int. Ahhnu(!h I conceive tlmt to eiiHure economy and certainty in the execution of public
works of thi« description, general c-()in|>etition and the contract gystero founded thereon is
abHolutely necesMry, I thuik that a certain portion of the hne, »ay three or four miles,
ought to be laul off in small contracts. Thene I propose to ap|>ortion among the regidcnta
at a valuation of the engineer, and thereby by giving u large portion of tlie ImbitunH em-
ployment on their own account, l( iwen tht- probability of collision. As this course i» directly
departmenUl, I shall not hesitate to take the responsibility of acting on it, although in so
doing I am sure to encounter further attack and oblo<iiiy.

The second point I consiilcr to be the having an Irish Roman-catholic clergyman resi-
dent for the time being near the work, who from his acquaintance with the lani^uage and
habits of that class, which, judL;iiig fioni the extensive eraiaration, will be in large nuinliers
<m the work, can exercise tlie salutary influence over them that such elenxy are admitted to
possess.

3<lly. It would t>e of iinportanre to have a French Canadian gentleman, perfectly con-
versant wit!) the English language, upon the line generally, to attend at the paymiuits and
explain between the parties, and wh(! would give his whole time to keeping peace and
promoting a friendly feeling, and to the arrangement of pefty diHerences. He should be in
the coinniission of the peace. The respectahle remuneration for the services of these two
gentlemen I consider can be borne from the estimate for the work.

4thly. It would be necessary to have u few of the steadiest of the police force close to
till.' work, to prevent pcUy trespasses and the other little causes alluded to as likely to create
bad teeling.

iVthlv. finally, n consideration of the circumstances which have recently taken place
upon t)ie Cornwall and Welluiul Cnnals, 1 think it would be necessary to have, not on the
work, but in the neighlwurhood of it, a party of military, (tlie regular force I would much
prefer). Such uriangenients being made, 1 entertain strong hopes that the direct interference
ol the latter would not be rec|uired.

Should his Excellency, upon consideration, be pleased to adopt these suggestions, or any
of them, he can easily have them carried into etiect.

I have, kc.

T. W. C. Murdoch, Esq. (signed) Uamilton H. Killaly,

Chief Secretary, &c. &c. &c. President Board of Works.

No. 22.
Despatch from
Sir C. Bagot to
Lord Stanley,
10 October 1849.

Vvcl-

(No. 211.)

— No. 22.

Copy of a DESPATCH from the Right hon. Sir Charles Bagot, Bart, g.c.b.

to Lord Stanley.

My Lord, ' Government House, Kingston, 10 Oct. 1842.

Having brought before my Executive Council the puqmit of your Lordship's
several despatches, relative to the Acts No. 28 and 33 of last session, for the
advancement of public works in Canada, and the negotiation of a loan under
the guarantee of the Imperial Parliament, they were unanimous in agreeing
with me that it would be expedient to adopt the views of Her Majesty's
Government, as propounded in your despatch of the 2d July, and to bring the
question in the shape proposed by your Lordship before the provincial Legis-
lature.

Accordingly, I availed myself of the latitude which your Lordship had allowed
me, ami communicated the views of Her Majesty's Government in a message
(of which I enclose a copy), adopting verj' nearly, though not in juxtaposition,
the words of your Lordship's despatches ; and I instructed my Council to
introduce at the same time a Bill framed upon those views.

The result has proved perfectly satisfactory. The House of Assembly ac-
quiesced readily in all the suggested provisions; and I have the honour of
transmitting herewith thu bill in question, which has passed the Legislative
Council, received my assent, and only awaits Her Majesty's confirmatiou to
become a law.

The first clause applies the proceeds of the loan to the public works specified
in the Act of last session, No. 28, as far as the amount will suffice ; the Govern-
ment retaining, as under that Act, the power of selecting the works which
should first be executed.

The second clause, after providing for a sinking fund, not exceeding five per
cent, per annum, and the order of charging the debt upon the revenue, enacts
that the loan shall be raised by any persons to be appointed by Her Majesty,
or by the Governor-general. It is ray desire, as already expressed to your
iiOrdship, that the negotiation should be eflfected by the Lords of the Treasury,

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

101

or any person deputwl by them : I have therefore to request that your LonUhip
will move Her MajeBty to be ^i^acioutdy pleased to appoint, under this rlr.use,
such persons as to Her Majesty may 8e«'m fit to negotiate the loan.

The third clause enacts, among other things, that the sinking fund shall Ix*
raanagiMl in suoh manner as shall \n- agrewl ujwn when the loan shall be
negotiati-d, or shall be left to the disoretion of the (lovenior.

As the question of the amount of the j)ro|>ose«l sinking fimd is one of serious
importance, and I projiose t«) address your Lonlship Ujwn it by the next mail,
I would suggest that no agrtn-ment should be ma«h' n'S|H'fting it, at least in
the first tlebentures t«» be raised, except that these and all future «lebentun's
(if such be the form adopted, anil under the circumstances, it apjM'nrs the best,
.as the Aft of the Imperial Parliament does not provide for the nise of Ut-
minable annuities) should be granti-d with a clause to enable the province to
redeem them after six months' notice.

Tlie remainin<j: clauses call for no comment, being merely fonual or ex-
planatory.

It only remains for me, then'fore, to reirommend this Act, and \o. 2K t)f the
last provincial session, ft— Her Majesty's sanction, and to request that the
Lords of the Tn-asury will raise by debenture, or otherwise, as they mav deem
exiK'dient, the sum of 200,000/., of which 107,045/. is to be applied to the
payment of the bills which I have <lrawn on their Lonlships, and the n>maiuder
to be transmitted to the account of the receiver-general of this province, or,
preferably, be held to meet such bills as I may draw after being apprised of
the money having been niised.

I have, &c.
(signed) Charles Biigot.

Enclosure in No. 22.
Charles Bauot,
The Governor General, in conformity with the intention expressed in his S|)oefii at the Eiicl. in No. 43.
opening of tlie Session, and in compliance with the desire of Her Mujesty's Secretary
of State fur the Colonics, makes the following communication to the House of Assembly,
upon the subject of the Acts, cap. 2U and :)S of lust Session, relating to Public Works
and the proposed Loan.

His Excellency is instructed by the Secretary of State to assure the people of Cumiua,
through their representatives in the House of Assembly, that the objects contemplated in
the above Acts, of relieving tlie finances and improving the credit of Canada, and at the
same time of developing by measures of extensive internal improvement the vast natural
resources of the province, are viewed by Her Majesty's Government with hardly less of
interest, than by the Legislature and people of the province ; anti every consideration of
good faith, and of policy, would lead Her Majesty's Government scrupulously to fulfil to
their utmost extent the pledges of assistance held forth by their predecessors in office, and
communicated to the Legislature of Canada by Lord Sydenham, and also to aid in the
accomplishment of the objects sought to be obtained by the Acts now under consideration.

Her Majesty's Government have given to the financial project proposed to be carried into
efi'cct by the Acts in question their mo»t deliberate and anxious consideration, and the result
of that consideration has been to impress upon them a very strong conviction, that witii the
view of most effectually and most economically benefiting the province, and conducing to
the maintenance of public credit, and to the promotion of those great undertakings of internal
improvement which may ultimately make an ample return for ihe original outlay, but upon
which, unassisted, the province could not safely enter, it would be inexpedient to intor|)ose
the credit of tlie mother country between tiio province and the creditors under the existing
debt; and that it would be more for the advantage of the province that the aid to be
rendered should be applied exclusively to the promotion of the intended public works.

According to the arrangement proposed by Lord Sydenham, and the Acts under con-
sideration, the execution of the puolic works of every description is made mainly to depend
upon funds to be raised upon the sole responsibility of the Canadian government. 1 1 the
cost of the local works should, in many instances, exceed the estimate, or if, in conseiiuence
of the priority given to the loan of 1,'iOO,000 /. and of the general management of Canadian
finance, the credit of the province should not continue to be such as to enable it to raise the
whole of the second loan of 1,(178,082 /. at 5 per cent., funds might be wanting to complete
those great works, with a view to which mainly the assistance of Great Britain was originally
given ; and her Majesty's Government is compelled to acknowledge that where it appears
that the sum necessary for a work in Lower Canada, of which the tolls were represented
to be an ample security for the amount, could only be raised on the double security of
those tolls, and the credit of the province at a rate of interest of from 6 to 8 per cent., they
cannot but entertain serious apprehensions as to the practicability of carrying into effect
the objects of the Public Works Act by sums raised on the provincial security only, within

595. N 3 "the

l^^

11)2

PAPKIIS RELATIVE TO

till' liriim iiutliori«;<l by that Act. It will of courne Im- iiiidernl(xjd tliat lliere i» no aulhority
in uiiy niw to iniiif llic |.r<ivirn lal debenture* ImIow par ; mich a nU-p would be, in fact, a
violation of the i-pirit, i( not of the letter, of the proviniial Act, which limit« the rate of
intfri-«l lit ,'( |)er otnt.

Her MajentyV (ioTemininit hop<s it is. equally iinneoMsnry to offer a caution apiinst any
*upue e«timuti-», or excess of outlay l>ein(r nanctioned, under the RX|>ectntiuii of a further
udvunce <pf the credit of the mother country b«-yond that which ha* been »o liberally
atlbrdctl, uihI, allhoujjh it ih no doubt true, that, in the exerciw! of the diwretioii vettted in
the ^;ov( nior by tlie Public Works Act, he niii;hl abstain from issunij^ delxintures lM>yond
the iiieiiiis of the province to U^ar tiie churue, yet this step on his part, on the inability to
raise the money, ut the pn scrilxnl rate of interest, iiuitht leave iinfinisheil the most iiniM)rtant
work*, iind thus frustrate the objecto contemplated by the Miitish (iovermnent.

In order to iruurd ot^ainst the poftsibilily of such a result, and i<> secure the application of
the Bs»istaiire of (in at Hritain in ihemost direct manner, to the l)cnefit of the province, it ist
proposal by Her Majesty's (iovernuient. that the exi»tin<; Canadian debt should remain a
first tliaifzc ii|>on th(^ revenue of the province, and should be paid otl, as it liecanie due, from
the iirixlucoof the current revenue, and that the l,.»00,000/. to be raised under the )j;uarantcc
of the Imperial Parliament, should be applied directly to the execution of the public works
cniinienite<l in the Act already referred to.

I'nder this arranpemeiit the credit of the province would be strenf^thened by the conti-
nuance of the priority of the present debt, and by the prospect of early repayment at or
belcie the expiration of the cxistin); Iwnds. The local legislature, thus unencumbered with
other obii;iatioii?,, would bi- enabled to enter into negociations with the creditors under the
exihtiiif; debt, and either to continue during the terms of their respective en^aKements, the
present rate of interest, or to extinguish the debt by mutual agreement, before the period
Btipulated under the present engiigement, on far more favourable terms than the British
(Jovemnient could do if they were to become reR])oiisible for the amount. Hy this course,
also, tlu public debt of Canada, in addition to the existing debt, which would be gradually
paid otf as funds became available for the purpose, would be limited to the sum appropriated
for the completion ol the public works, of which there would be, at least, 1,500,000/., raised
at a rate of interest not exceeding 4 per cent.

Tins ariaii^enieiit, no doubt, would rcipiirc Great Britain to give up her security of priority
of cliiiiii upon the consolidated provincial revenue, that is to say, the payment of tlie new
loan of l,.'>0(),«oo/. would become chargiiable after the payment of the existing debt, instead
of bccdiuiiig the first charge, by the extinction of that debt, as first proposed. But Her
Majesty's Government willingly consent to make this sacrifice, because tlie^ feel convinced
that this arrangenieiit is more conducive to the financial prosperity of Canada than that
propose to be adopted under the two Acts, and that setting aside higher considerations,
priority ot claim upon the provincial revenue is an inferior security to that derived from the
pros|)ei ity of the province.

Her Majesty's Government, thcrcfore, do not ])ropose to interfere with the existing debt;
but with the view of furthering the important objects contemplated by the Act numbered 28,
they jiropose to pledge the credit of Great Britain to a sum not exceeding 1,500,000 /., to be
raised by the province at a rate of interest not exceeding 4 per cent., under the guarantee
of the Imperial Parliameni, and with a provision to be made for a sinking fund at the rate
of not less tlian 5 per ceni. per annum of the principal, to be b>,cured in the first instance
upon ihe tolls of ihe works to be undertaken, ihe ordinary revenues of the province being
pledged as a collateral security, and ihe charges to rank next in order to the obligations
now ny law permanently attaching to the Consolidated Fund.

Government House, Kingston,
28 Sepiember 1U4'2.

(No. 308.)

No. 23. — No. 23.

UBS|infcli rroin
Lord Slarley to

Sir C. Hago., CoPY of a DESPATCH from Lord Stanlei/ to the Right hon. Sir C. Bagot,

30 December 1842. Bart. G.C.B.

Sir, Downing-street, 30 Dec. 1842.

1 H AVE received your despatch, No. 21 1, of the 10th of Oct. last, transmitting

(No. 103.) the copy of a Bill, which has been subsequently passed into an Act, by the

legislature of Canada, for r,uthorising the raising, by way of loan in England,

I'iigcii. the sum of £1,500,000, for the construction and completion of certain public

works in that province.

This Act having been passed in conformity with the instructions contained in
my former despatches, Her Majesty in Council was pleased, on the 10th inst.,
to give Her assent to it in the manner prescribed by the Act of Parliament,
5 & 6 Vic, c. 118; and 1 transmit herewith the order so passed by the
Queen in Council.

lam

/V4

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA.)

lo;}

1 am awaiting the furtlier communication promiwHl in your despatch, n>latinK
to the sinltinp; fun<i to hr provided for the re«lem])tioii of this deltt ; and in the
meantime I have had under my ctmsideration y«)ur Bus^estion, tliat tiie deheu-
tun-s to be issued should be rendered liable to re<lemption at any turn' at ^ix
months' notice.

The great objet;t which Her Majesty's Ooveniment have in view in contluctinj?
the negotiation of this hmn on beliolf of the prtivince, is to obtain the greatest
possible advantage for ('anada.

It has been thought ne<'essar}', therefore, that the debentures should be pre-
sented to the public in a form cidculated to make them a desirable investment ;
and we are satisfied that that would W more effectually obtJune«l by siiecifying
a period before which the debentun-s in (piestion should not be retU'emable,
and by making tluit perimi sufBciently distant to give a character of permanence
to the security.

Her Majesty's Government have, therefore, fixetl twenty years as the period
during which the deljcntures, now about to l)e issuetl at the rate of four per
cent., should be irredeemable ; l>elieving, from all the information which we cim
procure, that a larger sum would be offert^d for a debenture of such de8cri])tion
and duration than could be obtained on any other similar security.

On the other hand, we do not apprehend that the province would have the
means previous to 1 8<!a, of redeeming the debt now about to be incurred. The
five jH'r cent, and six per cent, delit of the province, amounting to a sum of
above 1 ,*iOO,UOO /., is redeemable at various antecetlent periods, terminating in
18G0, and would be undoubtedly the first debt to which the means of redemp-
tion at the disposal of the province would be applied.

For these reasons, we have therefore considered that the ])ower to redeem the
new debentures at si^ months' notice, while it would afifect materially their
market value, could not be exercised with advantage, if at all, within the period
which has been specified.

We have also deemed it inexpedient to make any ])recise stipulations as to
the sinking fund, which shall be annually provided for their redemption ; that
being rather a question to be settled between this country and the province on
a joint consideration of what is due to the provincial resources on the one
hand, and to the security of this country on the other.

For, whilst we felt that we had a right to claim the establishment and regular
maintenance of a sinking fund for the extinction, within a reasonable period,
of the debt, of which we have guaranteed the intesi'st, we are e(jually sensible
that its annual amount ought not be such as to cripjjle the resources of the
province, or so to aggravate the burthen of the debt as; to induce financial dis-
tress, or serious embarrassment.

Her Majesty's Government, therefore, willingly defer, until the receipt of the
further communication promised in your desi)atcli, the discussion of the
amount of the sinking fund, and of the regulations under which it should be
placed, in order to ensure its due and regular application.

I am, &c.
(signed) Stanley.

(No. 30(,.)

— No. 24. —

Copy of a DESPATCH from Lord Staiuey to the Right hon. Sir C. Bui/ot, Nc 24.

Bart. G.C.B. Despatch from

Sir, Downing-street, 3 January 1843. io"sir c. llagot

In my despatch. No. 308, of the 30th ultimo, I announced to you that the j January 1843!
Queen had been pleased to assent to the Act of the legislature of Canada, -
authorizing a loan to the extent of 1,500,000/., to be raised in this country on
account of the province.

I have now to acquaint you that Her Majesty has further been pleased to
appoint the Lords of the Treasury to negotiate that loan on behalf of the
province.

A notice, the copy of which I enclose, having been accordingly issued to the
public, the bidding for the loan took place on the 16th ultimo. The resu't "^ ~-,.^

."igS- N 4 was, ~"^

,04 PAPERS RELATIVE TO

wa», that bonds to tin- ftuiount of 300,000/. were disposed of at the foUowing

rates : ,

£. £. s. d. if- *• «•

5,000 at MO 2 G producing 5,506 5 -

295,000 at I OH - - „ HI 8,600 - -

Making a Total of

£.324,106 5 -

Directions have been given that tliis sum, as it is paid into the bank, shall
be carried to the account of the province of Canada, and be ap])lied to meet
such bills as have been aln-ady, or may be hereafter, drawn upon the Lonls of
the Treasury by your order.

Her Majesty's (jovernment having deemed it advisable to make the interest
of these bonds payable at regular periotls at the Bank of England, it is essen-
tially necessary that the n-mittances by the province of Canada to the Bank of
England, of the sums necessary to pay the half-yearly interest, should be made
at iieriods sufficiently early to meet each payment, I must, therefore, enjoin
you t(» observe the utmost punctuality in this respect, as upon it will materially
depend the character of the province, and the power of advantageously raising
the remainder of the loan.

Her Majesty's Government are further of opinion, that immediate measures
should be taken for investing half yearly, at the time when tlie interest is i)ay-
able, as large an amount of sinking fund as the means of the province may be
able to maintain ; and they conceive that it would be most for the general
advantage that a sum of 5/. per cent, at the least should be annually pronded
to pay the joint interest and sinking fund. I have, therefore, to instruct you to
make the requisite arrangements for the purpose as soon as practicable.

The terms on which the Bank of England have undertaken to pay the
interest on these bonds are, that they shall receive a commission at the rate of
one half per cent, on the amount of dividends paid, exclusive of the expense which
has been already, or may be hereafter, incurred in tlie preparation of the bonds,
which will be defrayed out of the produce of the loan, and of which an account
will be duly transmitted to you.

In compliance with your suggestion, orders will be given to the Bank to invest,
from time to time, 'm Exchequer Bills, any sums which they may hold on
account of the province of Canada.

I have, &c.
(signed) Stanley.

i I

i? i

Enclosure in No. 24.

Treasury Chambers, Whitehall, 12 December 1842.
End. in No. 24. Whereas by an Act passed in the sixth year of Her iMaJesty's reign, intituled, " An Act
for guaranteeing the ])ayment of Interest on a loan of 1,500,000/. to be raised by the Pro-
vince of Canada," Her Majesty was empowered to guarantee the payment of the interest on
any loan, to an amount not exceeding 1,500,000/., which might be raised for the service of
he province of Canada under an Act to be passed by the legislature of tlie said province, in
the manner and under the conditions in the said Act mentioned.

And whereas by an Act of the legislature of the province of Canada, intituled, "An Act
to authorise the raising, by way of Loan, in England, the sum of 1,500,000/. sterling, for the
construction and completion of certain Public Works in Canada," Her Majesty is em-
powered to appoint any person to raise and borrow, with the guarantee aforesaid, the said
sum of 1,500,000/.

And whereas Her Majesty has been pleased by warrant to appoint any three or more of
the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury to borrow by debentures such sums as may
fi'om time to time be required for the service of t'lC said province, not exceeding in the whole
the said sum of 1,500,000/.

This is to give notice that the Lords Coraroi'^-'ioncvs of Her Majesty's Treasury will be
ready to dispose of debentures or bc.iJs to (he amount of 300,000/., and that tenders for the
purchase of the same, addressed I0 the Secretary to the Treasury, with the words " Tender
ior Canada Debentures," written on the oi.tside, will be received at the Treasury between
the hours of 12 and 2, on Friday the 16th December.

The tenders must state at lengtli the sums |)roposed to be paid for each 100/. contained
in the debentures, with the name and address of the party.

No tenders will be accepted for any sum less than 5,000/.

The bonds will be redeemable at the expiration of 20 years from the 1st January 1843,
and will bear interest until redeemed, at tiie rate of 4 per cent, per annum, payable half-
yearly at the Bank of England, on the 1st day of July and the 1st day of January.

The

(*ii

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

105

The bonds will be made out in •uch sunii of not lent than iOO /. each, as may be rcquiir.l

tiv i.'ie piirchiisrrs. ,„,,..,,

One hnir of the nuni tendered and aciepted will 1m; payalili: at the Jank of l-,ii<;lana on
Tliurwlav the 22d instant, wht-n a wcrip receipt will be ;riven for the same to the party ;
and iin the jiaynient of Uie other half, on or Itefore Monday the «lh of January I ilia, the
debentures will l>e delivered.

The tenders will be opened in the presence of the -lovenior and the deputy j'ovemor of the
Bank of England : and previously «o the opening of the tenders, the Lords Comniissioiiers
•if Her Majesty's Treasury will place in the hands of the uovernor and deputy governor of
the Bank of linuland a sealed imper, eoiitainini; the lowest price \>vr cent, which their Lord-
ships would feel that they should be justified in r< ciiviiii; for the debentuies.

The iiMiilers will Ix- nil opened at the same time, when a list will be made of them, and
prefc reiice will lie j,'iveii su ressivcly to the highest tenders above the price in the sealed
paper ; and if such tenders should 111 their u^arei^ftte exeet d the amount of aoo.OOO /., tho
excess above that amount will lie struck oil' the hast udvaiilai;eous of those tenders.

In ease ore(|iiality of lenders in respect of the preniii:iii jier cent., and their amountin}»
together to more than the sum required, the amount of debentures will be divided 111 pro|)or-
foil to such tenders.

>otice will be tliven to the parties wlios<! tendiTs arc aoeepti d.aiid they will be re<nie»tod
to attend at theTreasuiy at an ap|M>inted time, to sii>ii the contracts for the debentures.

1 certify that this is a true (Jopy.

Treasury Chambers, fsiirned) Edvard Walpolr.

2 January 1(143. " '

Pro-

— No. 25.—
(No. 213.)
Extract of ji DESPATCH from the Right hon. Sir Charh-s B<u/of, Bait, to
Lord Stanley, dated Government-House, Kingston, 1 1 October 1842.

I HAVE the honour to transmit to your Lordship u coyty of the R«'port of
the Select Committee upon the Beauliarnois Canjil, between the lakes St.
Francis and St. Louis.

The evidence will not be printed for some time, and therefore I am unable
myself to express an opinion upon the merits of the case as resulting from the
present investigation; but when I find that, out of a committee avowedly
appointed with a view to prove the inexpediency of the selection made, and
consist lig of seven members, four of them were compelled to acknowledge
that, w:.h ample time and o))portunity of procuring what evidence they
pleased, they could elicit none to invalidate the choice, while the other three
allowed the report to pass, entering a dissent upon the grounds that the evi-
dence in their judgment fully justified the selection of the line adojjted ; I can-
not but believe and express my opinion that the superiority of the south side is
fairly established, and that the Board of Works stands fully justified in its
recommendation of that line.

When the evidence is printed, I shall lose no time in transmitting a copy of
it to your Lordship.

No. 25.

l>cs|Kilcli I'rom
Sir C. Hiigol to
Li.iil StJinley,
1 1 Ortcilier i84i.

ntained

The

Enclosure in No. 25.

The Special Committee to whom were refeired the Documents laid before the Ilonso,
relating to the Beauliarnois Canal, beg leave to Report :

That your Committee, with a view to facilitate references to maps, plans, and documents,
in the custody of the Boaitl of Works, deemed it advisable to accept the use of a room in
the department, placed at their disposal by the honourable Chairman, and m which tiic
inquiry and deliberations of the Committee have been conducted.

That, after a most patient and careful investigation upon the important subject referred
to them, your Committee find themselves unable to form any conclusive opinion, owing to
the peculiar nature of the subject-matter to be inquired into, and to the contradictory state-
ments both from practical and scientific men, whc »e evidence or opinions have been heard
or referred to in the course of the inquiry.

cinder these circumstances, and taking into consideration the termination of all the other
business before the Legislature and the immediate prorogation that is to take place, your
Committee have resolved to close their proceedings, and report the evidence and documents
laid before them ; and, without expressing any further opinion thereon, humbly submit tliu
s<i ne.

(signed) G. Moffatt,

Committee-room. Chairman.

.595.

Eiicl. ill No. IS.

x^\

106

PAPERS REL\TIXG TO

TuPMJay evening, 6 o'clock, II October 1843.
The Committee a^'aiii met.
Present : Mcnnrs. Moflutt, Chainiiaii ; Sinipion, Mcrritt, Conieron, DunitcoDib, Parent,
Sir A. Maenub.

The Hon. II. H. Killaly, Chairman Board of Work*, appeared Ijefore the Committee, and
handed ui n utatenient in reply to the charge* of Mr. Simpson and the evidence taken thereon.
Mr. Parent, seconded by .Mr. Simpson, the foregoing Report ; which was carried.
DigiM;nticnt : .Mr. Merritt, Mr. Dunscomb, Mr. Cameron.

Adjourned till » a.m. to-morrow.

(signed) Alfred Todd, Clirk Committee.

No. B(i.
Dc«natcli from
Mr C. Ilagot U'
Lord Stuiiley,
S Nn\ember 184-.'.

i'njic 100.

No. 27,

Despatch *>oin
Sir C Basotto
Lord Siaiiiav,
II December iS^c

— No. 26. —
(No. J30.)
Cdiv of a DESPATCH from tho Ripht lionourablf Sir Charles Bagot, Bart., c. c. d.

to Lord Stanley.

My Lord, Government House, Kingston, 8 November 1842.

With reference to my dcfipjitcli of the lOti. ultimo. No. 211, in whicli I stated
my de>ir^ that tlie liords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury would under-
take to niise the sum of 200,000/. for the use of tlie province, uiuler the Acts
iinssed liy the im|>erial and provincial legislatures in their (resiK-ctivoly) last
session, I have now, in consequence of hein<;f better informed as to the future
necessities of the board of works, to re«iuest that the sunt named maybe increased
to 300,000/., which will meet tiie demands of the above iMjard until the sjiririg.

I have ineiitione<l in a previous despatch that I hope soon to be able to furnish
your Lordshiji with a report ujion the progress of the ]mblic works ; but I may now
state, for your Lordshiji's satisfaction, that almost the whole of the sum now
required will be ajqilied to meeting the ])ast or accruing expenditure on works con-
nectetl with the Welland Canal, and the St. Lawrence navigation.

As the present operations (m these works arc being prosecuted with money
borrowed from the banks, and the same inconveniences to the public, which I
have mentioned on former occasions, are again arising rapidly, and will become
earlier and more onerous on account of the increasing commercial depression in
the province, I have to request that no time may bo lost in raising the amount,
and enabling me to draw for it in the maimer which may seem most advantageoub
to the Lords of Her Majesty's Treasury.

I have, &c. '
(signed)

Charles Bagot.

-. ■ —No. 2/.— ■■ -

(No. 244.)
Copy of a DESPATCH from the Right honourable Sir Charles Bagot, Bart., o.c. b.

to Lord Stanley.

My Lord, Kingston, 11 December 1842.

I have the honour to transmit herewith, for your Lordshio's information, a
J{eport which I have received from the President of the Board of Works upon the
progress of the public works carried on in this province during the past summer.

It will be satisfactory to Her Majesty's Government to learn, that the works
on the line of the St. Lawrence navigation have been pushed forward with as
much energy as the means at the command of the provincial government have
permitted, and that one of the important canals between the lakes and Montreal
has been comjdeted.

The navigation is now open from Kingston to Coteau-du-Lac : the Beauharnois
Canal will open the remainder of the line from the latter i)lace to Montreal.

The jiroposed operations in Lake St. Peter and tho canal near Preecott will
complete the works on the St. Lawrence, which, with the Welland Cunal, on
which the works are also advancing rapidly, will complete, the highway from the
inner lakes to the Atlantic.

The Report fiimishes likewise the information sought in your Lordship's des-
patch of the 8th August, No. 220, relative to the works in progress for the
improvement of the lake navigation.

I have, &c.
(signed) Charles Bagot.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA),

107

Enclosure in No. 27.

Sir, Board of Works, 8 Dccenihcr \n\i.

I BAvr. the honour to acquaint you, that the annual f;eu«ral R(!|>ort ami Dtatemrnt of
ptpenditure upon all the public wuVka under the control and direction of thiit di (tartnicnt, in
now bein;; prcparetl, und will be completed prior to the next liiectinj;; of the legislature.
The account* of the several work*, made out in triplicate, will l»e closed up to the Mat of
this month, that 1 may be enabled to have a unifurni Rystcm adoptr-d threusjhoiit the
province.

The severity of the season having now suspended nearly all our operations (except so far
.IS relates to the procuring of materials), and [H-ndint; the preparation of the documents
referred to, I am induce<l, by the warm interest evinced by his Excellency the tiovernor-
Oencral in the advancement ot these various improvements, to furnish yu.i, for his info.~nia>
tion, with a short outline of what has lieen effected this year.

'I'he attention of the Board has l)een es|H:ciully directed to tiie advuncnment of the works
necessary to the full completion of the entire lino of the St. !«i«Tence navij^ation throuijhout ;
with this view contracts for the buildin<r of the whole of the lo<-k» of the Welland Canal
have been entered into; the feeder to it enlarged, so as not only to ensure an ample supply
of water, but also to serve us another entrance from Lake F.iic, terniinutin<r at the nioiitfi of
tiic Grand River. The situation of this entrance is such as to enable the navij;ation to be
opened from three to four weeks earlier in sprini;, thereby obtiiiniuir one trip of the Lake
Craft before the navigation to Buffalo, &c. is ojjened, the advantage of which in t.ills may
be rated, in proportion to the present trade alone, at .'1,000/. per uiinuui Several of the new
locks will be completed next year, and the whole of the line will be ready the succeeding
vcar, and all will be accomplished without interrupting the navigation.

The section of the St. Lawrence navigation, called the " (.Cornwall ("anal," is completed.
I had the satisfaction of having one of the finest steamers in the province passed through it
last week.

The works of that portion of this navigation between Lake St. Francis and Lake St. Louis,
called the " Bcauharnois Canal," are advancing rapidly ; three miles of it are nearly com-
pleted ; the whole of the earth-work will probably be finished noxt year, and the masonry
so much advanced as to ensure the entire being ready for navigation in the fall of 1 844.
The quarries have turned out very fine, and the section throughout even more favourable
than I had anticipated ; and, notwithstanding the excitement which interested parties
succeeded in getting up against this line, it will prove to be one of the finest specimens of
canai navigation in this or in any other country.

The enlargement of the part between Montreal and La Chine is also now being proceeded
with ; the portion in liands being chiefly through quarry, the works can be advantageously
carried on during the winter, and will thereby afford employment to many of the imnii<rnint
labourers, who have necessarily been discharged during the suspension of the other works.

A very extensive and efficient dredge establishment will be prepared against the spring to
remove several bars in the channel through Lake St. Peter, and will be available for its
improvement generally, but to what extent it is impossible to calculate with certainty ; it
must depend on and be governed by the practical experience which will be obtained during
the operations of next year.

The only other part of the St. Lawrence navigation requiring improvement is that
between Prescott and Dickenson's Landing, in which about four locks, with short lengths
of canal, will be required ; the necessary survey, plans, &c. are now in hands, and no time
will be lost in having the works of these portions also undertaken, so that tiie whole
line may be completed simultaneously ; until this 's effected, no return or advantage can
be derived from the previous expenditure, and much economy and facility in the manage-
ment will be obtained by having the entire in progress together.

Connected with this most important work, are the harbours upon tiie lakes, towardf, the
improvement of which also much has been done this season. The materials for the con-
litruction of the harbours at Rondeau, Port Burwell, Catfish Creek, Port Dover, the Grand
River, Port Colborne, and Port Stanley, on Lake Erie, are being procured and delivered ;
and at the last-mentioned port considerable progress has been already made in the dredging
4tnd construction of the piers.

The better lighting of this lake has also occupied the attention of the Board, especially
about Long Point, where two new lights will be established against the opening of the navi-
gation.

The harbours about to be constructed, or improved, on Lake Ontario, and for which much
preparation has been made are, Port Dalhousie, the canal at Burlington Bay, Windsor
Harbour, and Cobourg Harbour.

The steam-boat lock and dam at St. Anne's, on the Ottawa, are also finished, and will be
ready for the trade in spring. By this word, the past monopoly of the navigation of the
Ottawa and Rideuu !■: put an end to. The most formidable difficulties which presented
themselves in the course of this work have been surmounted in a very creditable manner
■by the spirit and perseverance of the contractors.

The next work of importance is the Chambly canal, which had been commenced long
since, but from certain dilHculties which occurred, was suspended for some years. I have
the satisfaction to announce to you the completion of this work also. By the navigation
of Lake Champlnin, the river Richelieu is opened with Quebec, Montreal, &c. In
extreme low water a shoal or bar in the river Kichelieu> near St. Uurs,, would prove an
595. " 2 obstacle

Enrl. in No- (7.

'^-1^

R! ■■■

108

PAPEllS RELATING TO

I i;

otxitarle to defp vrtincU ; toobvinU; wliich, (jrcponitioii* are now \n-nn; mailc towarilK the cmi-
Mnirtinii of u Icx'k mill diini thrre, wliirh will (iilly coniplrtc tliiH fini- liw of nitvit;utiiin.

Ill udditioii U> tin- lorf^oiiig worku of pniimry ini|)ortaii<e, b very coiihich-ralile proi;r<.Ks
huH been umdc in tlin vurioii* other iniprovrnu-iit* riiibraci-d in the *-Htiiiiati-8 of la.-t year,
^vi-nil larjjp hridgi'n upon the muin lino of road have lieen complrtcd, and the othrrit »o
niurli advunccd as to insure their completion next year.

The works on the various lines of main roads in the western section of the province,
necessary to the developnient of its resources, and the conveyance of its prmliictH tn
market, the Port Dover and Hamilton Uoud.thc Lancaster Road, the (fos»')r<l Rob<I, the
(iaspc lload, have liei'n put under rontract, and much nrop'ess made thereon, several
of them iM'ine more than half completed ; and in the Newcastle district, the lock at
Whitlas Kapidii, on the Otonabee river, has lieen finished, and that ut Crooks' Rapid
nearly »«, by which alxjut 60 miles of internal navigation will be eHieeled, o|»-ninp;
up several back township of excellent land, and communicating with harlMurs on Ijike
Ontario by a short |Kirtu,ie road of about 1 J miles.

The numl)er of men employed on the works, when in full operation, exceetled (i.noo,
which account* for there being no prcs.^urc felt from the unusual number of iminigrunt-i
this year.

The low price of provisions has enabled the Board to set the works on very advantageous
terms.

The foregoing summary will, 1 trust, satisfy his Excellency that a vast deal has been
cflTected tiiis year ; much more indeed than could reasonably have been calculated upon from
the very advanced ])oriod of the season, when wc received our authority to i)rocced ; and I
am happy to say, that in no case have our estimates Injen exceeded i'or the completion of
the respective works, but in some a considerable balance remains unex|jended. The cost ot
mttiiagenient will, when the accounts are furnislied, prove to be unprecedentedly low.

1 have, &c.

Rawson W. Rawson, Esq. , (signed) HumilUm II. Killaly,

Chief i?ecretary, &c. Pres' B'' of Works.

No. -2^.
D('»|)!iicli iVnni
Liird St.-inlcy to
Sir (). ISagot,
14 January' 18.13.

— No. 28. —

(No. 312.)

CovY of a liESPATCil from liord Sfanlci/ to tlie Uiglit lionourablo Sir
Churlex Bagof, Bart,, (i.c.h.

Sir, Downing-strect, 14 Jaiumrj- 1843.

I HAVE rocciwd jour dospntch of the lltli Dt'ceniber, No. 244, oiiclosing a
Report of the Prosiclfut of the IJoard of Works upon the progress of the Public
Wtirks in Canada during tlie jiast siimniir ; and I have in\ich satisfaction in learn-
ing from this i'ci'ount that tlie public works in t!io piovince have made such eon-
sidenvble progress, and that t!ie aid which has been afforded by tlie mother country
has been so judiciously api)lied.

I have, &c.
< (signed) Slanley.

No. 2().
Dcipatcli from
Sir C lSaj,'ut to
Lord Stanley,
18 J,-)nuary 1843.

(No. 6.)

-No. 29.—

Copy of a DESPATCH from tlie Right honourable Sir Charles Bagot, Bart, g.c.b.

to Lord Stanley.

My Lord, Government House, ivingston, 18 January 1843.

I HAVE the lionour to transmit to your Lordship, with reference to the several
despatches which I have addressed to you upon the subject of the Beauharnois
Canal, a copy (in duplicate) of the printed Report of the Select Committee of the
House of Assembly, which sat during the last session upon that subject, together
with the evidence taken by them.

This docuii -^nt appear? to mo fully to justify the selection of the south side for
the construction of this canal, and the experience which has been since gained in
the prosecution of these works strongly corroborates the choice.

I have, &c.
(signed) Charles Bagot.

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

1 09

Enrlosiiro in No. 29.

REPORT.

Tiir. Speiial Cominittce to wliich won- nforred tin- copy of the EMimote mailf by Mr. End. in No. tg.
Siniiirl Kecl'cr, Civil En(;in*'er, dutpd 10th .' ;e IH-ll, of the probuhle Cost of coii-
Rtriictin); a Canal fur Steam-boatii b<aweeii Ijike St. Prancm and Lake bt. Ixiuw, laid
before the I^'^iKJntivc Aiiseiiibly on the "ioth September IH4a ; the I'ctitioii of G.
B<-uudet, and uthei «, of the Cuiiiity of V'audreiid, and the Me»sHge of Hiit Kxct-llency,
the Governor-general, ot the 30th f^epteniUr IH4'2, relative to the appointment of a
Military Engineer, to in8|)cct, re|>ort, or .•iUiK'rintcnd the cunstnictioii of the St. Law-
rence C'u-^al ; with power to rep<»rt from tirae to time, have the honour to Report :

Til AT your Committee, with a view to facilitate references to MapH, Plann, and DocumcntM,
in the ciiHtudy of the Hoard of VVork^, de«>mcd it advixable to accept the iifie of n rrMim in
the Department, placed at their diii|>o8»l bv the Honourable Chairman, and in which the
inquiry and deliberations of the Comniiltee nave been conducted.

That after a motit patient and careful investigation upon the important oubject referred to
them, your Committee lind themselves unable to form any conclusive o|>inion, owiu); to the
peculiar nature of the subject-mattrr to be in(|uired into, and to the contradictory state-
ments, both from the uructicul and scientific men whose evidence or opiniorts have been
lieard or referred to in tlie course of the inquiry.

Under these circumstances, and takinc; into consideration the termination of all the other
businesii before the Legislature, and the imuiediutc prorogation that is to take place, your
Committee have resolved to close tlieir proccedinifs, and rejiort the evidence and documents
laid before them ; and without expressniu; any further opinion thereon, humbly submit the
same.

G. Moffall,

lil Octo*«T 1842. Chairman.

MINUTES OF EVIDENCE.

The Honourable Gf.orok .Mori att, Esq. in the Chair.

Saturilay, 24tli Septembei, 1342.
William Stmcart, Esquire, called in ; and Examined.

1. State your residence, a-id profession, and wlietlicr vo» liavc anv interest for or n-niinm the
Bciuliariiom Cunal ?— I uni n nieroliant at Bytown. 1 l.ave no interest whatever, for or aL'ainst
tlic cunal. "(,»i"!>i

2. Arc you acquainted with the south shore of Lake St Francis, namely, that imit onpcsitc to
the sloarn-boat landnig at Cotcau du Li.c .'—I am {jenerally, but not particularly acquainted with
It, liavuisr heen frequently up and down it in boats before steam-boats were intr'nluced

^' w'n" •^'°" ''^"" ^'* "■" *^ ''""■* ''""■" "'" ^'- I^wence .'—I do not think I have.
4. Wdl you state, as near as you can, how oflcn you have licen up and down the St. Lawrence '
—12 or 15 times.

ticuiaHv ^°" ''""'^ M'Pherson's Point, below Isle nux Chats, or Cusliing's Island ?— No, not par-

0. Are you acquainted with Hungry Bay ?— Yes, I have l«e;. on that shore once or twice.

7. Do you tlnnk Hungry Bay aftords good unchorasrc for vessels going down the St. Lawrence •
if so, why ?_My impression IS, that when the wind is dor,„ the river, a iTeavysea, with surf, blows
down that way, therefore it does not always afford safe anchorage.

8. Would you think a rafl safe within seven or .-igl.t miles from Isle aux Chats, on the south
side, the wind blowms north or north-west .'-T should hardly think it safe, as rafb. have .'real
difficulty, when blown into that shore, in gctHr.g out .gain ; but I have never accompanLnl a raft
myselt uown that part of the river.

T 1' Sj" u"*^ '''•"™. i"'" ""."BT ^-'y K«^t out without a steam-boat or a stron.r south wind ?_

Lfn^illt^ntrmi'"'^^^^^^ '" " '"""'■""' """ ' ••""'' "" ''""""^ ""^ "'"*■"' '" "'""'

10. Is it not at all times considered dangerous for u raf\ to get into Hungry Bay?— I think

11. Have yon ,m«scd down the channel between Chartier's Point and Isle anx Chats, and if so.
describe it ?--l have not sufficient knowledge of the channel of the river give any informmion

.JlT;,A/""''r''.?""^."rY'.""'^'*' F'^onally; anJ d" you think it would afford good
i^f^Ln .. I'l ''" ^''f "' u ^H ''""''' ^-^ »"' Re-crally, hut not thoroughlv, acquainted with

It ; when the wind blows dow., the river I should think it would not afford <'wJ shelter

I.- I. *?*'": y°" ? knowledge of the north side of Lake St. Fronds, particuTurly that pa'rt of it at
which the steam-boats now arrive and depart ?_I have only a general knowledge of Tt, so far as

have acquired by going up and down it repeatedly. , =" i-r »»

595' 03 14. Are

\v-

PAPERS RELATlNfJ TO

14. Arr you nf ofiininn lliot tlir Riilran Cnnal ia laflrirnt for all tlic piirpoar* nf tnuli> in tlii*
proviiK-o for imhiic rf«r« lo nimr, aiitl ihr mukini; a cnnal ln'twi-m Hi. I^»ui» anil St. Franri* |aki<«
a itMtlliiw i-xpcnililun- of |iulili<' money ? — In llic prcM-iit eonimcrfial •Uitc of the ronnlry, with «
l'omI iiaviKation ilownwar<l<, I think it in.

Janpiti, an Indian I'ilnl, called in ; and Uiaminttl.

Annrrr tn i^ur0um I.— 1 lira at CexknawHphand urn a ft.-amlioat pilot ; I liavp Jjeen 90 year*
a |>ilot.

ir,. |)i) you know lair nux Chata, and time [iiirt of tlio rirrr ? — Yea.

in. ('lui'lMMta Ko down tli<> clianncl iHtwiiti lalu uux C'liula nml tlio main ihore, on the aouth
aide f — lloata cun |hii» down, liiit not liar|;ea.

17. How lurtrc M liiirjje i-nn you lake down that chnnnel .' — A hutteau eontuitiinK tibout 200 har-
rela of Hour.

IH. la llirre u'ikhI anrhoraur or wife harlNturiiijc within seven niile» of Ule nUT Chnl.4, on the
►outh tide .'—With u liijht wind u nift nmy riili' tliere, lull a strciufi wind would hreak it to pie<'eH ;
ihe nature of the unrliora((v i» such lliat fix uritevcn yeum bl'o we could not jjet up our anchor, and
the I liaiii lirukc.

lit. Do yon know M'l'herKoM'» I'oint, Iwlow Isle nux f'hats ? — Yea.

'.'(I. .Huppoaini; M't'lu'rvon's I'oint the mouth of a caiinl, (^ould you take a liar^^e carryint; 1, 400
or I,")l)i» liarrela of flour into it? — I would not undertake to do it.

■21. Do you think it po<i»ilile to take auch a ljar);c in without endani;crin|; the crew and carKO?
— It i» not from the danger of going down, hut a barge would run agrouiiil before slic arrived
there.

•.".'. Could you take an euipty barge into M'l'hprsou'« I'oint, on a dark night? — I could not;
I would niliirr take a barge carrying l,.'>tiU ImrreU down the north hide than an empty barge on
tliat aide.

0,1. Could an empty barge get into I^ake .St. Francis frotn M'Pliergon's Point, if the wind
were conlniry .' — It would not ho |Mwaiblc.

•J4. Could' n veawl atay with safety at M'Plierson'u Point, heavily laden, during a wind down
the ri\er? — It could not, an the wavea coming in from the lake are stronger than tlie rapid.

2.). M'tre you the pilot selected to take the Hrsl ateaiii-boat from I'pper Canada to I>owcp
Canada, and through what channel did you go? — I wii.. ; I took the ateam-boat " Lord Hydcn>
hum " from Prcacott lo Montreal, and I pasaed down the north channel by Coteau du Lac.

■Jil. WUy did you go by the north chuiinel ?— Becnuao there ia no puiigage on the goutli for a
bout of that size.

■i'. Can you inform llit Committee what is the depth of water on the ahoah lying lietwccn
Clmrtier'a Point and Isle aux Chala? — In aome places it is deei), in others not two feet.

2H. Can a bargi- drawing five feet water go down the south siile? — A vessel of three feet draught
might poM down, but not one drawing five ieet.

2U. Arc you well acnuainled with the lower end of I^ke St. Franoia, on the north side of tlio
lake, |iarticularly near the place where the steam-boats now arrive and depart ? — Yes.

30. Is there a suiRcient depth of water within seven or eight miles of the place, and ^'ood
anchorage ? — There is plenty of water and an excellent bottom for anchorage.

31. Can bouts and rafts arrive downwards at the Point, and boats proceed upwards at all hours
of the night ? — Yes, at any hour of the night.

3'.'. Is the anchorage much exposed, and have vou heard of any boats or rafts being wrecked in
that vicinity? — The anchorage is good ; I never heard of any vessels being wrecked there except
• afts which were without uiichors.

■' Wednetday, iSth September 1842. , i-,

The Chairman laid before the Committee copies of certain correspondence lictwcen IiIh
Excellency the Governor-general and tlie Secretary of State for the Colonic*, respecting
the Beauharnois Canal, which he had received from his Excellency's Secretary.— -(Appendix,
No. 10.)

If 'iV/idm /7oc&i(c(, Esquire, called in ; and Examined.

AnsKcr to Qucttioti I. — I reside at Coteau du Lac, and am Superintendent of Pilots, ai.d Sal-
vage Agent for the St. Ijiwrence Inland Marine Assurance Company ; I was educated at Wool-
wicli as an engineer, and was draftsman to Lord Dalhousic for five years, I have no interest fop
or a<Tainst the Ueauharnois Canal.

33. Do you know the south shore near Hungry Bay, between M'Pherson's Point and seven
miles above? — I do.

34. State your opinion as to the anchorage, ond whether that shore affords a safe harbour for
vessels lying there?— There is no anchorage; the harbour maybe good, but there is no getting
into it.

35. How decjj a draught of wafer can be found between Hungry Bay and M'Pherson's Point,
and what description of bar^e could navigate it ? — I have frequently sounded it, but never found
more than 8 J feet draught of water ; where the channel is marked COO feet wide on the pUin, the
difliculty is over; the real width of the channel above is not over 100 feet. It must bo a very light
barge to navigate it, not drawing over three feet water.

30. Could a ve.ascl entering the river, within tliree miles of M'Pherson's Point, in case of the
shift of the wind, anchor .niid remain in safety in any part of Hungry Bay?— A vessel cannot
anchor in safety above the shoals.

37. Could an ordinary vessel, loaded or unloaded, get from M'Pherson's Point to the lake,
unassisted by a tug-boat, unless in an easterlv gale ?— Certainly not, with her usual complement of
men.

38. Could any complement of men, in a fresh wind from the west, south, or north point, of the

compass.

fi>

Pl'BLIC WORKS (CANADA).

Ill

rompaia, ovl > Ion?' up* lo**lnl or unlna«l<-<l, I'nim M*l*lMTM>n'* Poinl to the Ijikr Si. PniiirU?«-
Thry rould not.

au. Tan • liantc from 'I'*' ""^^ rntrr at M'Pherxm'* I'oinl sAvror lirforv il«)rli){lit .'— 'Il wuuld
be iin|KMtilile.

40. Could It ljarK<' drawing tire fett fiml • powaK* I" M'Flunon'* Point, from the wnl ?—
I think not.

41. Coulil a tiarur U" from (lie utrani-lKMt lan<lin|; at Cou-au du lju\ acroM to M'Plirnoii'«
Poinl ill ordinary wind i — No ; it mi);ht with an tiut wind.

4'.^. What in the M<t of thr ciirrrnt, and what arr thv pnivailinft wind* on the St. Ijiwrrnn- ;
dmcrilH' what you know on that fiuhjert f — Thr iirt of the currriit ia t'runi ihr xiulh nhoru towariU
the iiorthi'ni rntraiife ; it dividtw winir dintuiicr nliove Cuti-au il'i Imv, and liy fur thr |^>atrr pari
|iaiiM-« un the north nide. The prrvuiliii); wiii(i<i art' from the went anil nortli-wr«l, with (M.-caiiiuiial
aouthinit-

43. Which would you rail the lea iihore of Fjike St. Frariciit?— Hungry Hay.

44. Are there any dan);erH in t(°i"K Ix'twecii |lun(;rv liay and M'PherMiii'n Point ; ami if mi, in
what do thev eonxiot ? — Then' are threat danueni, % il. Ironi violent winiU, a whole rnke of 4i) mile* of
lake ; it iit llie moxt IjointeDUx pliire on the River St. Ijiwrenre ; thenurf riinniii)^, when a northwcut
wind liloWK, a quarter of the height of the treeii on (iroiiM- Poinl, nliwil water, rix-ky lM>ttonii iiu
anclioram', and a erookeil ehunni I.

4'>. Ilow many L-hannelM arc there for liicve* or ran* frnni Iluncry Iliiy to M'l'hernon'* Point;
und what Hized iMiata or raAo (of what draiii;hl) could l>e iiavi);!ited lietweeii tho»e pliiueit .' — For ratU
or l>out« drawinf; three feet water there arc two channels.

40. Are there three channels of from (too li 1,'joo feet, on the Nouth xiilc, entering to M'Pher*
»on'» I'oinf, of from I'Jto •.'(( feet depth ?— No, decidedly not.

47. Do you know any place on the St. Ijiwrence more diinccroim than lluni;ry Iliiy and
the vicinity of M'Plienton's Point, with relation to anuliora);e, luirhouraifc, and heavy Hind>, from
any point on the compass ? — No place on the St. Ijiwrence is »« l>ud in a ffilc of wind, except,
(K-rliaps Ijike St. Peter.

4f. Will vou look at the ciiart of the south rhannel, and Miy whether it is, in your opinion, cor-
rect ; and if not so, in what reciiect do you consider it incorrect .' — In the lower part of tlie channel,
nenrot to Isleaux Chats, it is incorrectly stated lioth in wiilth and dejith ; the width of the channel
liein^; only loo twt, with u depth of eifjht feet and a half, taken when llic wiiter was six inches higher
than it is at present. The upper part of the channel is also incorrectly laid down, both in width
and depth. JJetwcen Grosse i'oint and Isle aux Chats, there exist shoals, not laid down in the
plan, which would prevent boats takin); a direct course into the channel. I consider the plan ineom>
plete, iiinsmuch as it docs not lay down the set of the current. The depth of water on the centre
shoal is stated to lie much fjrenter than it really is ; I could );et out of a ImiiiI and walk on the shoal
for nearly half tho length of it ; the width and depth of water in the southernmost chiuinel is also
much less than therein stated.

41». By your eliunnel of ei^ht feet and a half; do you mean a practicable channel for barges pro-
{lelled by wind or oars? — No, decidedly not : by a prac:icublc elianncl, I mean u channel suliicient
to correspond with a canal.

no. What ia the depth of the practicable channel between Grossc Point and M'Pherton's Point ?
—Three feet.

51. Do you know the steam-boat landing, and Asslin's Wharf, at Coteau du Lac? — Perfectly
well.

u'J. Can vessels get into Asslin'sor the steam-bont landing et any hour of the night with perfect
safety ? — Generally, but in extreme cases it might be necessary to cast anchor.

&>'). Does the north shore afford good anclionigc and safe harbourage ? — Perfectly good anchor-
age is to be found all the way down from M'Laughlan's Point, above 30 miles above the landing
Iilace.

04. Should a strong wind from the east or west arise while vessels arc lying at Asslin's or tho
Steam-boat Wharf, would eitiier one or the other endanger the boat ? — Never, with proper care.

55. How long have you been acquainted with the navigation of the river St. Lawrence ? — Since
the spring of 1823. I have been frequently down in boats, rails, and canoes, on both sides of the
river.

SO. Is it possible, without an enormous expense, to make a channel by artificial means l>etween
Charticr's Point and Isle aux Chats ? — It is not.

57. Did the committee understand you to say that, ai>rr you were inside of Charticr's Point, the
surf would have no injurious cflTcct ? — Yes, a boat wojid there be lieyond the (brce of the surf.

58. You state that you found no more than 8 J feet water in the channel laid down. Can you
inform the committee whether this 8 } feet water was from riM'ks or shoals ; and if rocks, of what
extent ; and if shoals, of what composed ? — I should think it consisted of immense boulders, with
loose stones.

50. Did you intend the committee to understand that tberc was a safe harbour and anchorage
between Charticr's Point and M'Pherson's Point?— I do not know what the anclioragc is, but a
boat may be tied to a tree on the shore.

GO. What is the reason that an anchor will not hold in the vicinity of, or above the shoals ? —
Because it is rocky bottom, and also from the immense swell and surf, und the violence of the
winds.

01. Why could not a boat drawing five feet vater find a channel uj), when you say there is 8 J
feet water? — Because the channel is so crooked and difiicult to keep, und the sets of current so
likely to drift a boat on to the shoals, cither from loss of headway or making leeway ; theretbrc I
have chosen this light draught in case I should touch any point of the shoals ; a boat of so small
a size as to draw but three tect could be commanded better by the (hjIos of the men, thau a heavy
packet like those suited to the present size of the canal.

63. Are you aware whether the height of water is affected by the wind.s, or not; if so, to what
extent ?— 'The height of water is affected by the winds ; an east wind will lower the water in the
rapids, and will raise the lake ; when this wind shall abate there will be a rise in the rapids cor*
responding with the fall. I surveyed the channel between Isle aux Chats and Grossc Point twice
during a slight east wind.

595' 04 '^ Oo

112

PAI'EIIS HKLATINfl TO

III (III- I'Miial ■• i'li(ril>l<' ("T uw |iMr|ii)M, that in, iiifoni-
I Imrnu't .'
liunalilc, himI 1 winh tlir ntlirr l#nninii> wiu it< i^immI.

AS. lin yitu (-ofitMlvr ttir racliTii ifilraiH'
ioK cikmI riilniiM'" , i{i><i<l <'«il, "lirltir nml iini Imrnu'i .' — Tn my |M'r»«ii

Kir iiiinniM, that i
il kii'iwli<lKr it i*

unt'irrp-

)U. Wiiiilil till- liUriiii; llir i'hiihI '

^ J on ihf «iulli •iilf iii«li»il of tin- iiorlh, iiijiiri- the valur iif iiro-

|irr1y on tlw lattir .iilr ;"lh»t i< to nny. nt anil in tin mii{hlMmHnKMl of CoHim <lu l*tf .'—I tliink
not; if I owiMilu fiiriii lliirr, I would yivc ii liiiv'i' -iirii ofiiii'iiry riillur lliim liim' llif ••niial (Wkii
ihrtiu'.'h it ; I ■IkniIiI think it «<iulil Iomit it> thIui M |irr ci'ni.

ii;.. Arr yoii iiwun- of ihi' i Hii I ihr niakiin; of thi> iniinl han hnil on thr vainp of |in>|M'rty at
C'ornwiill .' — I liavt' no iMMitivr knowlnlp- iilMinl il.

•Ill, Would llu' iilarinL' tlw ran.il on liw iMiiilh "iilf MTiou»ly iiffi'i-t the cmtiliinK'nl* of th<> ollr*
of Mr. HiniiHMin. ihi' i-jilUtor at (oiiuu dii !*.• .'—I think it wonlil not, for if llie i»t*rroiir«<' wor»
rrniovi'il to tin- olhiT fiiU', ihi- roMrrtor woiihl Iw ninovcd witli il.

(17. Woiihl tlif I'onililrlion of thr riiiiiil iitrcrl ihc iiil<r<»l of your hrotht'r, wlio l» .t pilot at
Toll nil ilii Iju? - 1 think not. ...

itx. ('»n villi ({ivi' till- roinniilli'i' nnv otlii-r itiforiniition of thi' ri'lativc hiI viin i ji|;(<< I'l tlii' tH.»
niilm for ihr.jimi'tion of thr two liiki'< hy i» I'linal .' — I'iioiii, ii* boimI iik arr now ii«i'<| (or llir t'l'ilnr
RniiiiU, niiict Im> tiiund lo nu-rt tlip IxMitii ii Ioiil' di<lanri' uii, on thr south nidi', iiuil i.iidni't tlii-in
tlironirh lhi> intrimte rnlruiii' to tin- mniil. 'Ihin will ln' iluiiirrrout iit all tiini-«, aiiil iilwiiy iiic-oii-
uniriil and i'\(H'iii«ivr ; diinu'iroiK from llir «iirt', imd Hunt ol u'imxI aiii'liomp- liir tin- Imrjfi*; in-
I'onvriiit'iil, from ihi- iini'i'rtHinly of llii- urrivaU of lionlf: ■ i..I •x|M'ii»ivf, trom tlii> iii'iTni.nry »iiiiill
rraO, and liatidH lo ("o to thr lii'iit li»\iiM_' ivrr to I on llir aliTl, .ml nt wa";r>i whirh liuii>I rnnm
out of thr iiii'rrhanl or (iirwiirilrr», iih at (^ui on- or olhrr "I'ni.o.tH. Miwt of all ihr iM'U now
cmplKVHl on till' river an' well iir(|iiainti'd villi tin- north "iilr, .mil hard I r any with llie m>iiiIi,
lliiTitorr iiiinli liH" will orriir hi liirr llie ni'rii-ary knowliMlifi' !■< olitaini-d. Tliv dp|itli of wati r lijr
till' ninp of tlu' lloanl of WorkH, imw in llui ' riHini, U not n" niurh iix i* to Ih' in thr raiial ; iinu
all must know that from 1h io -H inrhr-, at .cnxt, iiiiirt Im' nliowi'd liir tlii' pliiuiji' of llir iMiiit in ii
heavv wind ; all thin i« ready at linnil on the north siih.. On rrthetioii, troin haviiit; paoM-il down
on toi't, to llie eoiileMi|ila!iil iiilniiirex, the riirreiit i* exei rdin^ly Huift liy them, and lioatH would
Ih' apt lo run |Hi»t, an they do now at LiehiTH', where more daniii|;p i'l done Krttiii^ into the eanal
than in all the route down, exeept at the ('eilars. Notliini; of ihiH kind would hiipiieii nt (>iteHU
dii l<He, the water Im inj; nmoutli, unit without current of any con-eipienee at tliu iiioutii of thu eniial
nt M'lntvrr'" Hny.

Shoulil nittH nrrivc uf thp nuiial pinpp of aiieliom(;p U'foro dpiiepndin(f iIip rapidi), and n eoiitrtiy
wind ^prin;; up, Ihey i ould still i;o down in the north eaii' I, whereax no htenmpr'pver eoiild tow
thpni to ihe nioulli of the 'outli eanal; thin would otien take plnee in the fall, wlipti raftii had lippn
Imdiy Ktrnined, and thii' alone would he a eonsideralile Houree of revpiiue. On the north >-idp there
in a ravine, evtendine, B» iiir iilnii of Mr. W. R. (.,'a*pv, f> A tnilcH, which, hy nature, fonnx n tine
line if not a nntumi eaiml. i nni awnrc that the toutli ^ide preiH'ntH, on the Innil, (uuny facilitieti,
hut I have lo Iciirn lliul there ii< enough there to roiinterbalaiiee this natural cut. Home ohjcctions
have hcM'ii urjied to lliin line, nn Itriiift the wafercouriie of a larpp traet of Roiintry, nnd tlint it would
(•radiudly till uti; hut it Ih of »o mueh preiiler depth tliiin needed, that it will take a MtrieH ofycura
lieforo it'eould he tilled no ns to infringe upon the depth of water medcd ; and nil giipertluo'ui* or
wnstp water can lie curried nwnv hy luennii of nproiiN or -ilides, without injury to the work«. It
lius hem the euiitom to deride the military point of view that this ennni slioiilil he run in, hut Hiiice
hnviti); rend the di»|Nit. ;i>*'/f the eoloninl seeretarv, I h(i|ip I may touch ii|ion this without the iisuul
taunt^ Luokiiift at il, therefore, in this li;;lit, flii' north shore presents inealculahle advantages.
In limp of war, it would rpfiuire n Inrjre army for the dcli'tice oi the one on the I'Oulli shore, and
thereliy piiraly/e a hmly of torcPH tlint would have to rem.iin on the deleiisive, instead of lieiii^ able
to eo-o]>ernte with the rest of the armv in active service .nixainst the enemy. I am aware of the
answer of his Excplleiipy Sir Charles Ba(;ot to the Vniidieuil address; hut this kind and parental
promise, however pleasiiii: to our li'elings, ex|>erii nee has tiiuj;lii us to know is not at all timeit
teusihle. In all the troubles of the late imtbrtuni to times, no , ■ ^y of men ever cro««eil the St.
I.awrence nnd retnrned with impunity ; hut whinner committed invasion or excesses on the south
side of this river, generally escajK'd without punisliinent ; added to this, so rapid a river ns the 8t.
Ijiwrence is, nt nil fioints of this canal, it liecomes a strong detenue ofitself— boats could not be col-
lected, or men nsseiiibled for iu attack, without our knowled};e; in the other hand any body of hunters
ur f;ood woodsmen could be told to rendezvous at any jioint on the line of canal' most assailable,
commit what daningc they thought iiroper, nnd return before daylight throuch the woods. I can
pick out, from Oj;(lenshor{jb to the line of this canal, from UOO to 300 capable of doing this. The
canal liein<; in the hniids ot an enemy, could enable him to assemble, concentrate and organize, any
,' .'ce of trcops and Holilla, for an attack on Montreal, or to gain the command of the Lake St.
Louis, and thereby cut of^' all communication with the Kideau, unless we had the naval a.scendancy
on that Ink ; whereas without a canal, no boat could descend thu river without being subject to a
tire all alon the line of the river, us nothing like an urniainent can go down thu south side from
the dieniiful rapids. On the north side there is always a fort at Coteau du Lac, containing troops
for its deti'iice, already built, without the expense of erecting one on the south. In saying this, let
me not lie understood that a canal on the north side would be any defence, but that on the south
side it would weaken instead of strengthening our means,

Hubert Saure, dit La riant, a Pilot, called in ; and Examined.

Anstrer lo Qiifition JVo. I — I live at Cotenn du Lac. I have been for 23 years a pilot between
Montreal and Cortiwall ; but my principal employment is between Corn^vall and Coteau du Lao.
I have no interest in the Beauharnois Canal.

Anx.toii. 15.— Yes.

Aw. to (I. 16. — I think not, especially during the prevalence of certain winds.

An». to Q. 1*. — I would not undertake to conduct a barge down drawing four feet.

Ans. to Q. 18. — No, on account of there being no shelter against prevailing winds.

Am. to a lO.-Yes. -orb

Am. to Q. 20.— No.

Atu. to Q. 21. — No. I would not risk it.

Am. to (i. 22 — No craft of any kind, however small, could safely go down at night

I'l UI.K \\C)nKS (( ANADA

•I.J

Ant. t,i <l 4a.— No, not iii all,

jtn: lo U. 'it. Y«-»; Pi>iiii M'l'liir«>n !■ nul ^rrr hail.

/4hi. t" (^ '.'7. T)h' ilrplli III' wmcr f fri'iK < iulu to oiM> IrrI ami a half frnm Charliir'a I'oint to
iIm- ii|>|nt rnil iif I'll Hilt <'lmt<; llii n' an- liolr. ..I i/n-alrr ilriilh.

.|if«. Ill If. 'If*. — Nil, i>n Hi'i'iMiiit ul' till' <'r<ioki<l tlini liKii I'l tin- rlianm-l, the forrrof ihr currrnl,
ami lii<' «i<>li-nr<' iit llii- wind.

.Inf. til H. 'ill. — Y<'«, I kliiiw il ilitiiiiHlcly wi'll.

jiiui. Ill U- •III' — Yr>, llit'rr i« u >iiflii'irti< } kI walrr, and ixrrllrnt ancliuni|;r iitiir llic uliiirr.

Whi. Ill f), ai. — Vi", it i» of t\rry ilav iHrurrrmr,

.Int. Ill <l. .U,— Till' tin<-luini)(i> in ^hkI, and I nt'\rr heard nf any «rw«i iir ran iHini; wrcikrd
tluri'.

{)iii'. 70, Hava- Villi I'Vrr liilkf'M dnwii liiirKt'* tliriiiii;li thr rN|iiil Iroiii C'otiaii dii Ijir to Iji-
rliini* '- -il<'li>r<' I Hiiii <'tii|i|ii\rd iix M >ti'Hiii-li<Ml pilot, I toiik down mm-mI liultiuiix mid rnlU.

*l. \Vi rr rnii on IxMinl llir uli-nmir \i'|itiiiir hImii '•lie liMik llii' tnHi|M iiviT ti> lit'iiiiliarnoi> in
1M.1N, and did kIic ^I'l iicriiiiiid nl M'l'lii'nHin'* I'oint nr ninr it .'— I kiio on iHiard tlir Nr|itiinr : our
iiita ntiiiii HUH to fill to M'lMiiroon'ii I'oiiil, Imt «<■ rould not pi down lliirr, I iniiili' two irip> on
lliiit i« < ii>ioTi ; diiriiit; l!it' tirol thr wciilliir HUM nttlii-r I'liini ; in the mcond I .inchond llir iMiat
iN-lH'i'f'ii lirooM' I'liiiil Hiid ( 'hiirtii'r'H i'oint; and wliilr thr triMiiw hiti' luinc liindi-d, whii'li <M'rii|>iid
Minir liiiii', n utruii^ wind iiroi^<, and tlif anrhor dritVd, carryin)! tlic lioiit upon lli*' «honlii Utwi ■ n
(.'linrlii r't I'oint and Uli' mix ('hat', wlicri' i-h<'dril>i'd Ironi >lionl (o ohoitl ; and wliilr I Mat tht'ru
B liar^'i' riiiploycd on the iMrunion wan wrrckrd on thi' miiiii' hIiouIh,

7'.'. Uliiit WBliT did ulic dmw .'— Tlirrc Cert.

7il Why, if you di'^ircd to i;o to M'l'htT»oii'« Point, ilid you iro into thr hay, ni-ar Oro«ii«i
Point, iiiHtrud of foilnwin^ tin- mil or Imltniii clmnni'l f— Tlicrp it nu ihniini'l tlnrt' for lM>at« or
rafli. tliiil i", on tli<' ooiith »idi'.

74. What iK tilt' diri'i'tioM uf the current Iwlwcon Oronfe Point and lull- uiu Chats?.— It tmkcn a
northrrlv direction.

Captiiin Athahel lyiiipplr, callid in ; and Kxaniincd.

MitMi-i r to (liirttion \i>. I. — I am proprietor of stt'Oin-liuatM and ^lajjen lictwrrn I)iekrni>on*ii
I^jiiidiii^ and Montreal; I rcitide in the lutler place; I have no interest in the canal, hut my liii<>i>
iieax I* altogether on the north nhore.

.'/».«. Ill (I. ax — I am lolerahly well acquainted with it, having rre<|ucnlly liiiided there from u
Hniull lioiit.

Auk. Id <t 04. — I think that |iart of the lake it* niotit ctpoticd; it in very HUiidy, and iihoul aliout
the iihiire.

Anf. lit Q, an. — I think that, without dee|M!niii}(, it uould not he nitvifiated hy it vciuel drawin|{
more than hIx or i<even feet water; a veoxel of that draupht might areompliith it hy fullowini; the
deep » liter, hut the channel in very i'ro;>ked .

.hi.i. Id <i. :)0. — I think tiie anchorat'c is not K"*''!) <»i<l ■< i^ '■<>' >-lieltered ; the bottom i» iiandy.

Alls, lit U. a? — I think not,

Ann. lit (i. ,18. — I think not, unless the lioat wan i-o li(;lit that tliev could |Hile her up in-shore.

Aim. Ill H. 'M. — Perhapn not Miii-lv, without the a»!iintaiice of ii ligtithoinie,

Ann. to <l. 40. — I am not aware lliat it could.

Aim. Ill (I. 41. — I doubt it ; the current is i<o iitrong that it in an much ax a Hteam-lioat can do to
j;ct ueroi-s.

An.i. lit Q. 4'2.— The current nets to the north; the jirevuiliuf; winds are west, !*outh-we«t, and
tiorth-wist.

Am. I" (i- 4a. — Tin south »ide.

Ann. lit (I. 4(1. — 1 iim not aware that there are three such channels l«>t I think there arc not.

All.', lo (i. 17. — I think it \» the most expoi>ed part on that end of the lake.

Aim. I'l Q. 4M. — I think there is a shoal above those on the plan, which in not laid down,

Aii.1, III U. 40. — I do not conceive tliat there ii<, at prettent, a practicable channel.

Alls, til f^. 01. — Yes.

.Inn. lo <l. 62. — Stcam-boutg can come in at all hours of the ni(;lit, but sailing craft depend on
the wind.

Ann. to (i. 53, — It ic

Ann. Ill (i. 04, — No, not at all ; it is nheltered from the east.

Ann. lo (i. OU, — I do not think the onchornge very trooil, hut below the shoals it is sheltered.

Ann. to Q. 04. — I am not aware that it will make much difference in the value of property.

Am. to (I. GO. — I do not think the value of pro|Mrty has increased there in consequence of tlio
canal, < xcept at the entrance and exit.

Qiiii. i:>. Do you own any real estate on the north shore, at Coteau dii Lac, or between that
plaei md the Cascades? — None, except a wharf and ei);ht or nine acres of land.

7i Would the iiiiiipletion of the canal affect staging from the Cascades to Colenn il" ' ■• ? — I
am I ot aware that it would.

• . Do you know of any of the rafts (to which you have alluded us being in Hungry B« liav-
ing l>< en broken up and wrecked by the winds .' — I know that there have been u great .mber
(fince I have Iteen ac(|uiiiiiteil with that purl of the lake.

"H. Do you know what the shoals and points in the current opposite Isle aux Chal < com-
posed of? — The shoals arc rocky.

Dr. John Joseph Loij, called in ; and Examined.

Ansiverto Question S'o. 1. — I reside at Coteau du Lac, where I have lived upwards often years
as a practising physician, I have no interest either for or against the Beauharnois Canal.

Ann. to Q. 33,— Yes,

a'/(x. to (i. 34.— I am no engineer, and aiq not acquainted with the bottom ; but I do not think
the anchorage from Grosse Point above to be good, on account of the violence of the winds,

Ang. to Q. 35.~I do not think a barge carrying 200 barrels of flour could find a safe passage,
08 the channel is very crooked and the shoals almost lap each other.

Ans. to Q, 30. — By no means.

595- P ^'"'

v^-l

114

PAPERS IIEIATING TO

Am. Ill <l .17.-11 ii.ulil not; 1 wii« linn- invwll" n'loMl tlin-i' wwki* »l»o, in a small IkwI with
(oiip imro, mill wo wtr.- iiiml.lc to row updn,.! tli* cuircnl, anil liaJ to pnll in to the nhorc and tow
ilic Imiil.

Ah*. Ill <i -W.— X ►lioiild not llii.ik w : it woulil lio » h»7.»r<loiis nnilcrtakinjj.

A«* /.> (I 41. — I ilo not lliink » liciivv (iiinrf loiilrl do it. iina^^intrd liy a stcamor.

,1m. to <i. 4-2. Tlic I iirnnt ^tt' in a norllicrlv ilinitioii Croni (irosso I'oiiit towiinlH Isle aox

< Iwl- ; till |iirvuili:iL' wind- iirr nortli-wol and soiitli-»e<t.

./»«, to <l. 4:1. — Tm' iiorlli hliorc.

//(M. to (}. 44.— I lliink I lia\r already iin-worrd tliis (|UPf<tion. The riirrpnl is very crooknd,
and till' >.liiial» niinuronf ; ilirif U a hlioiil. not on llie |ilan, wliirli ic riirlit arrrv^^ llir lower end of
till- ilianni-I, i.f'tivr fcit watt r, iiiori- or li>- ; I ilal n^.l ronnil llii« part of the ilianiic!, Iiiit 1 .-otdd
aw till- rink- vcrv |)lain.

/tiis. til ({. 4.'i.— The rafts wliiidi paiw down tlial part of tin- rivor are prim-ipally of tord wood,
and do not draw ovpr tlirif to llirpo and a lialC li'ct water. I eonueive there lire i>nly two

< hannplx.

Jus. to (I 4n.— .Vo.

Ant. to U. 4". — I do not ; I eoiisiiUr it the iiio«l diuiperous on the lake.

All*, to (). 4H. — F hove alreaily pointeil out tlio ineorrt'i'tnei'-' of the v\\nn in recfurd to the soutli
ehnniiel, w liieh 1 helieve to lie no channel at all ; there are also BiioalH which aiv not meiitioiied,
liolh aliove and helow thoM' laid down.

.Ins. to ({. .•il. — 1 do.

/Ins. to <i o'.'. — Since I have resided at Coteaii dii Lac they have conic in at all hours of the
night.

.Ins. to (i. .'liJ — It doee, ImIuw I'oinl Moliere, roint M'Geo, and Point au Foinc,

,//;.v. Ill U. ."i4. — No, they are >lieltireil there.

Hues. 7H, What is the rate of the current, in the quickest place, hetweon Hunpry Bay and
M'l'heison's I'oinl .' — 1 eoii.-ider the slruiimst pari of the current to lie at the lower end of Isle
aiix Chills; and have already stated that 11 lioKl with four oars could not stem it. I should sujij)os<!
il to lie upwards of three iiiile,- per hour.

Alls, to (I (U.— I think not

.liis.tu (}. "1. — I was imt on liuiird nf her, hut T was in a hoat in tow of her; the steamer
i^rouiided iiliove C'hartier'.. Point.

.Ins. to (i. 7 J. — I cannot.

(iiirs. Mil. J)o you lliink a vessel with good anchors could ride in safety anvwhere within thiw!
miles west of (Irosse Point, on the south side, in ordinary fjales of wind? — 1 think it would lio
duuiti'rous to do m, on aeeouni of the heavy swells.

81. Are rafts fre(|uently wrecked in that lake? — Yes: there was one wrr;rkcd a short time ago
aliove (Jrosse Poiiil. on tlie south shore.

s-,'. Do you lliink if lij;hls were placed on (irosse Point, Cat Island, or M'Pherson's Point, that
Liii!)> ciiulil Ciller the south cliaiiiiei in the iiitrht ? — I think not.

n:). What do you think is i:eiierally the diH'creiicc of time in the breaking up of the hourdagc
ice on the iiorlli and the south side (Colean du Lac and Beauhariiois) in the spring, and in the
forniatiiiii of the ice in the liill !■ — The channel on the north side is generally open later in the fall,
anil earlier in llie ^])ring than that on the south : 1 do not know what is the ditference of time, but
il is iini i^real.

.Ins. to (i. 7.3. — I own one quarter of an acre at Coteau du Lac.

Thurmlay, 29lli September, 1842.
Mr. Allan Perry, called in; and Examined.

Aiisivrr to (iiie.'lrnn 1 — I have resided for upwards of 40 years at Coteau du Ijic. I am a
tiinner and liiiat |iilot. I have no interest for or against the caiial.

.Ins. to <i. !!a.— Yes, I am aeiiuaiiited with that part of the hike, having been up and down
several limes.

.Ins to <{. :u. — Vessels may anchor there in i;alm weather, but in a gale of wind it is almost
inijiossilile.

An.i. to Q. MO.— Not with safety.

.ins. to Q. .'IH. — IVo, they cannot.

.Ins. to <t. !lll. — It cannot.

An.i. to (I. 40— It might, in ('aim weather, by following the crooks of the channel among the
shoals, but in a high w ind it would be impossible.

Ans. to (I 42. -Towards Chnrtier's, or Knight's Point, on the Beauharnois shore. The nir-
vailing winds are south-west, north, and north-west.

Ans. to Q. 4.1 The south shore.

Ans. to (i. 4(1. — jVo, they cannot be found.

An.i. to ff 'Jl. — I do.

Ans. to q. 0-2 — It ''US been done frequently.

/Ins. to <i. .I!!.— It does.

An.i. U) Q. ru. — Not in the least.

An.i. to (i. oil. — Below the shoals a boat may anchor, b.^1. the current is strong.

Ans. to Q. 7m. — Rocky shoals.

Alls, to (l 02.— An east wind will lower the rapids five or six inches, and a wes'. .ind will
rnise them.

./«»-. M Q. Oit.-Because of the heavy winds and bad anchorage. •

Ans. to q. 75 — I do; I have a farm there.

Ans. to Q. 7a.-Probably from eight to ten miles per hour, off Chartier's Point, runninff
imrtheily. I have poled a canoe up, but I do not think I could paddle her.

.■Ins.tn (I s;i — The navigation is open about three weeks later 11
m the ."(inn-,', on the north side tlii':i on the south.

fall, and a fortnight earlier

nfi

PIBLIC M'OIIKS (CANADA).

•'5

Mr. Joseph AmUd, cnllpil in ; and Exanilricti.

jinnrfr In QHettwii I,— I wiw tiom lit Cotciiu ilu Jm; mpi'. have residwl there all my life ; I am

2S vt'nrx of iiU"'. I Imvc no int«ri-t (or or upiin^'t llii' canai.

Am. tu 4. :)3.— I know it pretty » til.

An$. Ill (/. ;U. — TIkti' !■; no j;oi«l anchomge or harbourage.

Aiu. to <^ 30. — It is im|KMifiilile.

Au/. to (I. 31*. — A li^ht iiuine, with seven or ei);ht men, niif^ht [xukllu up; I have often puddled
up aMnull oiiniHs with tour null.

Aiif. to (}. 4'-'. — Were 11 iKnit «'i adrift at tirosse Point, it would jxiss iMtween lule aux C'hat'» and
CharliirV Point. Tlir prevailint; wind- urr iiorlli, norlli-wrst, and soulh-weitt.

Alls, to (t. 4(1. — Not to my knowlidirf.

Hi(f.t. »i. Do vo own the wharf and pro[>crty known as Assijin'n wiiarf, at Cott>au du Luc ?—
I do.

8.>. Can you tell tlie committee wiiy it i» that nil your iiei^liliourg are so opposed to ihe. canal
being on the kouiIi side .' — Beruiuie they arc apposed to a tniMipplication of public uumey.

; uljoM' (Irosne Point
bottom sandy ; lieiow

yir. Jiobrrt M* Ititi/rr, vaWviX \i\ ; and Hxaniine<I.

Aimirrr to (Inrstioti 1. — I have lived for the hi'-l 11 years nt C'otiiiu ilu I>ae, and have been
enfj;i!;<d in lunilierint; and farming. 1 have no interest in the eonstruitioii of the canal on the
iKiulh hide, but would wish, litith on |iiiblic and private (rruundii, to have it on the north bhore.

A11.1. Ill (I- :);!.— I do.

/I11.1. lo (i. :U. — I'roni firosse Point downwards there is no safe aiuhora';
tlierr may le .■ I'liorai^e, but it is very much exposed to the rake of the lake
Grosse Point the yeneral eharaitcr of the bottom is rocky.

An.i. Ill (i- 311. — 1 shouiil think it would bi! very mucli exposed, aiul in great danger.

A11.1. Ill (}. '■)'■<• — It is ((iiite out ol'the (|uestioii.

Ans. Ill (i. 4;i.— The north shore, because the prevailing; winds are northerly; I have been frc-
«|ucntly obliged to lie on the north shore for shelter, for fear of beiiii; blown into the dangers of the
Hoiuh.

Aii.-t. Ill ({. 40. — I do not think there is otir cliamiel, and I doubt whether the whole width,
between Isle uu\ Chats and the main land, would amount to so much.

Alls, to Q. 4S — There is a shoal, below those down on the plan, which is not laid down ; there
is another above, between Grossc I'oint and Isle aux Chats, of great sizt:, running northerly, also
omitted ; I have freijuently sounded it, and found little over three feet water.

Ails. In (}. :>l.- I do. '

Ann. lo Q. 0-2. — They come in ul all houru of the night. .' ,

Ah.1. til (i. o3. — It does.

Ann. til (I •U.—'No.

Ans.to Q. Hi!.-- 1 should consider it almost impossible to doit, even in day-time, with a fair
wind ; two out of twenty-Hve vessels eonld not get in with any wind.

Qiicf. Hfi. Is it jinieticable to remove the obstructions at present existing in tliosc channels ?—
It might be done, nt a large outlay.

87. Have you had any opportunity oi' estimating the expense of reiuoving those ubstriietions ?
— I have not.

88. If so, what, in your opinion, would be the cost of deepening the channel to nine feet water .'
— (Inapplicable.)

Ann. to Q. 75. — I own proiierty sit Cotcau dii Lac.
An.i. to <j. 78. — I.urgc rocks.

An.i. to (^ 79. — I consider the quickest part of the rapid to be opposite the upper end of (Jrand
Island, where the current is full three miles per honr, perhaps four.

Friday, 30tli Heptemhcr, 184-.'.
W.Il.Caiey, Esq., Civil Engineer, called in; and Examined.

Atui. lo Q. 1. — I reside at New York, and have pn«;tised as a Civil Engineer for the hut I-i
years.

An,<i. to Qiie.s. 43. — The south or east side. I speak from experience acquired on the south side
of the St. Lawrence, ut Laprairic, in 1834, 1835 and 1830.

Qms. 80. Can a good route be obtained by keeping on the table land to the Cascades ? — There
can ; a very good route.

!)0. Having seen the documents from the Board of Works relating to this cunul, are you pre-
pared to give any opinion as to the comparative cost on the two sides ? — I have examined all the
documents at present before the Committee, nnil see nothing in them lo warrant the asi^umption,
that an equally efficient canal can be made chea])er on the south side than (m the north.

Ul. Have you any remarks to ofl'er, or suggistions to make, for the information of the Com-
mittee, on any of the documents furnished by the Hoard of Works? — In DesputrOi No. 157, from
the Governor-general to Lord Stanley, there is a eoniparisou of the two mutes, in which he states
the length of canal on the north side at 15 miles, iind that on the south at 12 miles. 1 object to
this stateiueni; because the cniinl on the south side, though the shortest, terminates at the foot of
a strong current, while the canal on the north side terminates in the comparatively still wafer of
Lake St. Francis. The desjjateli states, further, that the aqueducts on the south side will lie only
10 feet in width, while those on the north will be 50 ; my opinion is, that the width of thosi! on
the north side will only require to be lo feet. It is also stated in the despatch, that the excavation
on both sides is clay, with the exception of nearly a mile of rock at the lower entrance ; and

.595. P 2 further,

\^^

PAPERS RELATING TO

furilior. thai ll:prr i» u ravinp pxtendinj; nearly half llic Ion(rth of the nortliorii route ; wliorons tho
tint in. tlinl if tlio ravine route on lliiiinitli giilv Ih- taken, the rork i» nvoi<le<l, exoept tlie roek
iindrr water, wliirli in roninum to the trnniiintion of all the route*. With reference to tlir WH«h
of the ravine, the eanal will rMiuire eleanin^; out 10 times uftener than the ravine, owinK to the
uri'Hl ail<litii)nal depth anil widlii.

«•.'. Have you evaniined the western terfninn<i of llie canal, hctwoen Inle nux Chnt« and the main
chore? — I hav" examined it, hut not thoroiij;hly.

IIS. To what extent, and with what rennlt .'—In examinini; the channel indicated hy the liuoy»,
on the Miiith side, I xr'archi'd for a shoal plai'e, and found the Hhoalesl to Im- nine feet water.

'.H'. Dwi it fonn a pniclieahle entrance for vesseU which can iiavigatp the canal ?— It does not;
in the canal there is nine feel in tlie sill, and 10 feel in depth ; in the river, the dcptli should lie
1 1 feit in the channel to correspond.

!».■». Clin the shoals lie easily removed? — I think not; hut I cannot oiieak decidedly, as I have
not ihorouchly exaininer way of
iniprovinir the" naviifiition, hut that the canal should he carried to some point several miles hij^her
up ; hy removing the ohstruclions, the current would he incri'ased.

!•(). Coul.l vess<'ls pet in or out of the canal on the south side, without the assistance of tuj^-
lioat^, or tiiir winds ?--Not with the ordinary crew.

!i7. Do you I'onsider a kiiowlcilee of the depth of water at the termini indis|)ens:d>le, hefore
deciding on the route of the canni ? — Most (h'l'ididly ; hecausc on that hinjres tlic len>:th of the
canal, and on that apain, the cost.

!tH. Wliiili sidi' of the river afl'orils the (iroatcr facility for navigation ? — The north side, at thd
lower end of Lake S* rnincis, uu account of the hetter channels, and also from bein^ on the
windwar<l siile.

lilt. Would a wind necessary to take a vessel into either cntninoe he favourable for the departure
of that vesrcl from the canal on the south .side ?— I should think it would.

100. If steum-hoals arc necessary to the Ueauharnois side, what is the objection to the river
plnti rci'oinnicnded by Mr. Mills .'—The difficulty of construction, on occount of much undcr-
Mater work, is the only objection that I am aware of.

101. How many rivers are there on the north sidi', and liow wide, and liow arc they to be
crossed ?— There are three rivers, viz. the Hiver De I'lsle, the River Rouge, and the River a la
(Jniissc; the first must 1h' crossed by a dam; the two others maybe crossed by culverts, or
aqueducts.

10v>. ,Vrc there rivers of erjual extent on the south side? — I cannot answer that question at
jirescnt.

10.3. What was the nature of the shoals you examined between Isle aux Chats and Chartier's
Point? — Sloney, covered with large boulders; the bottom 1 suppose to lie rock, from its a|>pear-
ance at Isle aux Chats.

Alls, to Q. 48. — I believe the north channel to Ih" stated correctly, but I know nothin<r of tlie
others ; the soundings, as far as I examined on tlie north channel, near Isle anx Chats, I found
also correct ; but I could m)t state positively as to the correctness of the plan without an examina-
tion which would occupy three weeks.

Qiies. 104. Will the southernmost channel make a good entrance to the canal? — If the plon be
correct, it will make a i;ood enlrance for vessels drawing eight feet water.

lo.'i. Will a north wind be a leading wind outwards from the terminus of the canal, through
the soulhernmost passage? — A good sailing vessel, witli a strong wind can go out.

100. Will you state to the couimittec your opinion of the relative merits of the eastern termini
on both sides of the Lake St. Louis, touching the ex])euse of making the entrance, and the
jieriod of formation and breaking up of the ice ? — Of that I have no knowledge, |)ersonally.

Id*. Are you acquainted with the country between Lakes St. Francis and St. Louis; if so, state
generally your opinion of the comparative engineering merits of the two sides, with a view to the
connexion of those lakes by a canal ? — I am well uci|uainted with the land on the north side, and
have a general acquaintance with the ground on the south side. The north side admits of river
and inland routes; the south side of inland routes only. Admitting the \2 miles of canal on the
south side to he 50,000/. cheaper than the 1.5 miles of canal on the north side, there must be
deducted from this sum the <'ost of the works between the canal and the lake. I have already
declined giving any estiuinte of the cost of these works; but it is easy to show that it cnunot be
much less than 40,oori/. .supposing the channel free from rock. The expenses, repairs and leucwals
of a tugboat would not be less than l,.joo/. per annum, or five jkt cent, on a capital of .'10,000/.
to which must be added the ."i,00o/. for removing the shoals, in all 3.),00n/. Two mili'.-i of the
ordinary tow-path, 15 fiet high, with slope wall on both sides, will cost at least
!!0,ooo/. • ; and adding 5,000/. as above, we have 36,000/. besides the additional cost
of towing against the current, an objection which increases with the business. Ifthe
bed of the river to he excavated be solid rock, the difference will be in favour of the
north side ; but whether rock or not, I feel very safe in rejwating the opinion, that
judging from the information now before me, I sec nothing to warrant the assump-
tion that an equally efficient canal can be made more cheaply on the south ihan on
the uorthsidc.

. e o

■^ I- «

t«

•13.

Mr. Jvachin Wattier, dit Lanoix, called in ; and Examined.

Anx. tn Q. 1. — I am a merchant, residing at Coteou du Loc, and have no interest
for or against the canal.

Qiief. lOH. Would the same wind that takes n vessel in the canal, take her
out ?— There is no wind which will take a vessel into the canal that will not take
her out.

109. On which side of the river does the ice form earliest, and last longest ?— At
the western extremity there is no diflfcrence; if the eastern termination of the conol
is conducted to Point a Faucilles, it is at that point the navigation is opened earliest
in the spring.

no. If

/»i>

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA). 117

111), W there vrrre a oitiiil coiiiiilctoil mi tlio ooutli i-idc, ami voii uero i-ciniliirliiiK u liont down
from Cornwall to Miintrcal, what i-our^' would you takf di>wn tlic lake, and liow near Cotniii dii
Lao would you noiT«sarily liave lo po ?— Tlii-re in tio nircK^ily for a v€'>mI miiiii; dow n llie rivi-r
Id lids'* williin a mile and a liall' of Cotean du Ijic, Imt it i?* neeeswiry in iia>i>ini; Kni^lit'x Point,
10 i;ive it a wide l«>rtli as it extend* two and a lialf or three mih"* up the lake ; and "ince the
i'>tal'li'<linii'nt of the navi^tiun of the St. r..iiwrenee, IjuHtu luid ritu have not attempted to i;o
down the Huuth chaimel, a'-d any cnrried into that channel have 'leeu (generally irivcn up an lott.

Mtnulai), 3d Orloher, lH4'i.
Mr. n'illiam Doirruii, called in ; ami Examined.

.lux. tti lilies. 1. — I have livi'd tor the la«t •.'•! years at Huiitin<;dou, and am a fanner and miller.
I have no particular irterest as to the loeatioii of the eaiail.

(^w<. 111. Are you particularly aerpniinted with the soutli sliori' at the li>wer end of Ijike Si.
Fnineis, and have you ever <^one down the elianuel lietiveen Isle aut (,'liats ami the nniiii land .' —
I am very well ao(|uainted with the shores, hut I never went down the elmniiel hitween Isle aux
dial'- ami the main land.

1 1'.>. What is the prevailing wind in that nciii;hl)ourh(x>d durini; the sumiuer ijcasun ? — (iencrally
down the stream, or south-west.

11:). Do you know the I'hanuel lo the western entranee of the e.mal ; and do you consider it a
jjood practicalile entranee for all the purposes of the canal .' — 1 cannot state from personal
knowledjre.

114. Would the winds, from a quarter s<Tvinjr vesseln or hoats up and down the lakes, aUo
serve lioats passing through the canal .' — I should think they would ; the canal is nlinoiit in a line
with the channel of the river and the lake.

Il.j. Will you §tate to the Committee the diHerenceof tim(! in the formation and lireakinij up of
the iec on the north and south sides of the river, at both entranei-s of the canal ? — I cannot stale
from personal information.

1 1(1. Will you slate to the Committee the probable elFeet on the value of land, on either side of
the St. I..awrence, that the canal may pass; that is, in its immediate nei|.;lil)ourhood f — I think it
would cnham-e the value of land at the entrance and terminus of the canal materially, more par-
ticularly ai the western entrance ; I think that a lot at present worth loo/, would then be worth
1,000/.

Tuesday, 4tli October, 1842.
Mr. W. R. (Juxey, again called in; and E.xainincd.

117. You have informed the Committee that, in order to obtain a good entrance to the canal,
on the south side of the St. Lawrence, it mii.st be carried into slack water; would a dam placed
iicro— the channel, at M'Pherson's Point, effect that object ; if so, what would, in your opinion,
be the cost of the same i — With referenc.e to the cH'ect of the proposed dams, I have to observe, that
the additional depth of water thereby secured would be greater at the mouth of the canal, w hen?
lea.st, if at all required, and least at the shoals ahead of the inclined plane, were most wanted. The
removal of the shoals would be still necessary ; and as the river falls iast below M'Pherson's Point,
"the head and fall" of the dam, or rather dyke (for no water must pass over,) would be
greatly increased, several, perhaps many feet, thus requiring additional caution in the construction.
Assuming the dimensions to be iJ.oOO feet in length, and average height 10 feet, the cost would
range from 20,000/. to 40,000/,, according to the style of the work, ditticulties encountered, &c.
To this must be added the cost of removing the shoals. On the other hand, the depth of water on the
shoals would he somewhat increased, and the quantity of excavation correspondingly reduced; a
narrower channel, without current, would answer the pur|)ose, turns would be less objectionable ;
and uidess the current, which now sets northward from Knight's Point, should Ih! materially in-
creased, the effect would be every way advantageous. Taking, however, into consideration that
the cost would equal, if not exceed, that of a caiuil, that the advantages to the trade would be les.s,
and that there is always some risk with such dykes, I am only confirmed in my previous opinion,

118. Would a tow-path from M'Pherson's Point, in your opinion, obviate the disadvantage of
tlie entrance being placed there ; and if so, what would be the probable cost thereof, and the yearly
expense oftowagj into slack water?— .\ tow-path could scarcely be carried above Charticr's Point;
hence it would only bu of partial benefit. I am unable to answer tiie second part of the question.

1 10. W^hat would, in your opinion, be the jtrobable expense of continuing the canal to a point in
tlio lake, which would afford a good entrance ? — I cannot answer that (piestioii.

120. If the jaual were continued to that point, would the entnince, with reterencc to depth of
water, anchora^'e, and harbourage, be as good us nniy be obtained on the north shore, at or near the
pre-ent Steam-boat wharf?

Upon the above question lieing put, Mr. Casey answered it in part, but was desired by the
Committee to take it with liiiu and consider it; to which course of proceeding Mr. l3nn£-
combc (a Member of the Committee) objected, and desired that his objection might lie re-
corded. The answer was subsequently given in writing, as follows : —

This is already answered, in as far as I feel myself warranted in giving my opinion.

Charles De H'itt, Esq. called in; and Examined.

AnsKer to Question 1. — I have resided for the last two years at Godmanchcster, and have been
engaged in navigating Lake St. Louis since 1833. I am not aware that 1 have any interest in the
canal, except as regards the public welfare.

Ann. to Q. 2. — 1 am.

A)is. to Q. 0, — I do.

ylM.*. ro f J. 9.— They can in calm weather, or with a favourable wind.

395' P 3 ^w*.

\HV

118

I'AI'KllS KKI-ATINd TO

'iil^

Ann. Ill <^. 1 1 . — I )i:\\f (K I ii|i and down rpprnlr<llv in a Uxj cnnoc ilrnwinff from tliroc to oix

iiirliiH wiiti r ; 1 ili> not know tlir i-tHct dcptli of wiiliT, hut I ni-vcr fiiiiirkHl any sIiobI in llii- rlmn-
nol tlial would olmtnu-t tlio niivij;iiliiin ; I tiiivr nl«iiy« kept ilow in to Knicrhl'n I'oinf.

Aii». Ill (i- Irt. — I licliivi- »o; I lm\i' liein down niVM-lf in n riinop, ruxl from the obwnnliann I
look, iind lln- apiiinTnt ili plli ofili.' wider, I tliink tliiit tliiTr would !«• no diffirnliy in (mssiutf dowi.

Ann. til (^. IH.— I cnniiol -uy.

Am til f^. 'ill, — I iliiiik M>.
, vl/w. r/< <^. vil.— I lliink it i«.

^1>;.«. /ii f^. '.'4 — I liiiirviil .-oiild.

Aiix. lo Q. 'JT. - I rimnot -av.

A )iji. I<i Q. •:**. — I liilicvc- tliat a liarirc drawing inorf tlian fivf feet cfniid do so ; Init I haw
rifVcr lakiii llir voiiiidiri}:'' nivwlf.

Ann. Ill <i. •.'!>.— Not parri< idarly.

Aiif. Ill <J. :il Willi winic wifid.'< llif liarl«)nrn;;c would Ih' good, Imt with a soiith, orsoutli-wct

wind, it wimlil Ik' c xpo^cd.

Ann. Ill (j. ;17 It ••onld. with nn cnnf, or iioitli fast wind.

Am. Ill <J. Jn. — Tlir l"<.' sliorc d('|«>mls on wliicli way llio wind blow*; the prcrailinir wind licin'^
hOiilli-wc -1. 1 ron-idcr tin- ii.irlli to lie tlii' Ice ; liorc.

Atm. Ill (j. II-.'. — Aiiswrri'd in the prccedii '_' rfply.

//«.•. Ill ij. IH ,\^ liir a- I am :ilil( lo Judi c, it is ninrly correct.

A IIS. Ill l^. (i:).— I iliink it is a \: 1 dc al < xpoxcd to a :.,.rtli-(:ii.st wind : tlip i-ntraiicc i< srood.

A11.1. hi Q. (il.— I lliiiik it iiii'xli!, lait .aiinot -ay cxactU .

Afi.i. Ill (i- 711.— I do n<'l kiiiiw 1)111 1 would, liut lanj.ot say prcci-cly.

Am. Ill (J. HI). — I tliiiik llicrp is vi-iy lilllc ditlcrciici.' lictwit 11 C'olcaii dii Ijic and llpauliurnois
in liial respect, but at tlic cast iMitrancc. al tlic t'ascadcs, the uavij;;.tion is o|icn two or llircc weeks
lon;rcrnii tlic Jleaiilrirnois side in llii- liill. and ojieiii two or three weeks earlier in the s[iriii}r.

Ans. Ill <2. I'M. — I should think it would.

Ami. Ill <J. los Cerlainly.

Am. Ill (j. ii;i.- I do.

A11.1. Ill <j. 1 H. — I should think they would.

Ann. Ill <^. 1 10.— I think sonic |)arts would he hcnetitcd, whilst others would be injured.

Wedmiday, 'tih October, 184:!.

Iliihcrt i>uiiri', (lit Ln Plant, ngitin called in ; and Examined.

Ansiver lo Qnentinti IK).— From Cornwall to Gr083e Point, 11 vessel can come down in a direi;t
line.

(^iif.i. 121. Would the shoal which is not laid down at the npper end of the channel prevent you
tjettiiiif into the south channel .' — No ; by coming to Giosso Point the shoal is avoided.

(leorije Cran-furd, Esq. c'alled in ; and Examined.

Attfn-pr to Quetthin 1. — I live at Cornwall, and am a contractor on the public works. I have
no intorcit in the canal.

Qnn. I 'it. Have you ever examined the route of the Beauharnois Canal ? — I have examined the
land route.

123. Have you ever made any calcnlationn as to the practicability and expense of deepening and
preparing; a channel from Orosse Point to M'Pherson's Point, with ten feet wafer ; and if so, can you
inform the Connniftpe of your view«, and the amount of sncli ])i'ohabIe expense ? — Tlie only calcula-
tions I made were from the plan of Mr. Riibid(je; assiiminj; the quantities in the engineer's report
to he correct, and adding Kit) yards of excavation for contingencies, I was induced to make a calcu-
lation by an old friend who is also a contractor, and who had ajmlieil to me to join him in under-
takinj; lo deepen the channel, he having the apparatus necessary for the purpose. I consider that
the channel could he iiiereasod to DIM) fe(-t in width and 10 in depth for 7,000 /., provided there be
no solid rock ; and T would undertake in that case to do it for that sum.

124. Have you any idea of the comparative expense of lockage on the north or south shore, at
Beauharnois and Coteaii du h\w ?— There are five locks at the lower end of the southern route
which will be in rock, and one in clay ; supposing the same number to be required on the north
side, and all in clay, the locks on the south would yet be cheai)er, because on that side the backing
Htone would be on the spot, which would cause a saving of at least 1,000 /. a lock. I think also
that an additional l,0(i0 /. will be saved by having the locks located in rock instead of clay, which
will prevent the necessity of having any work at the bottom of the lock.

120. Arc you relateil to any of the ])ersoiH employed under the Board of Works, and if so, to
whom ? — Mr. Keefer, the engineer, is i.iy soa-in-law.

120. Are you a contrai'tor under the Board of Works, and if so, where? — 1 am. a contractor on
the canal at St. Ann's, and at Cornwall ; the former is by contract, and the latter under a now
urrangeinent based on au old contiacl.

l'J7. Have you any work coulracted for unfinished, or if finished, not yet received by the Board
of M'orks? — I have, tinishcd and unfinished, and none of it yet received by the Board of Works.

12s. You say vou (.'ould remove the shoals provided they are not of solid rock; do you know of
what the foundation of Isle aux Chats is composed ? — I do not.

Thomm A. lieijlci/, Esq. Secretary to the Board of Works, called in; and Examined.

Aii.inrr to QiicUion 1. — 1 am living at Kingston; am secrstary to the Boardof AVorks, and have
been so ever since the union of the Cunadas.

Quel. 120. Are the daily proceedings of tho Board of Works "ntercfl in the minutes? — The
Board have no daily meetings, the president being sonietimeis absent for a inontli.

130. Are

/V-i

IMBMC WORKS (CANADA),

-1 llcccivi'd ill tlio winter lUid
-/ >|>riiij; III' 184-.'.

:}K.

I'oivi'd ill \oveinbor IS4rt.

|:io. Ar»> the proce*<liiitri of tin- Bonnl ont«;r«l in ii ImmiL ? — Tlicre nrc propvr<iin|r« ititiMl in a
inimitr lio«>k. , • . i

ini. Ap. till- ili'.iiiidiin of llic Hoard on rai'li M'|mratf work eiitcre«l, with tin- nnwin* lor Midi
iliTi-'ioni' '. —Nut iilHiii-i.

i;ii. I'nHtmi liic Ipihik in « liirh ilir ciitrii « or iirorcrilinff" of tlir Ilonnl of Works «!■ riiUTi'd.
( H'itiii'fA prixliicf)! thf iiiiunl'-btHili, inftrurliniir biiitk. nnil rrjH>rtt. )

i:i.l. IiiloriM llii- iiiinniiitr. wliul surMvs and <'«liiiml<f wiri' iH-foii- llif Roard wlii-ii il i-ain«' lo
till' n-wlution of iiinc-in(r ilic ciirial on tin' mmiiIi At\v oitlii rivir .' — Tlir Boiird of Work- lonld not
ri-oln' to |il:iic llio ciinid when' tin- dio-c ; tli( \ loiilil only r( roinimiid : ( Sic 4 & .'i \'i. i. fap. ilM,
irtr. 14.) It Wll^ tlic diilj of till' exfculivc to di-linniiu', and llic IJimrd to ml on tlir iintliority rr-
I'ciM'd. Tlir snrMvs and istiinuto in i)o-;-i>^ion ol'ilu liourd of Workj^, jircvioiis to lln-ir rtcoin-
riiinilin'/ llic i-oiKlriiction of lln' canal to cunniit Ijike St. Fraiicig with J^iko St. Louif. on the
Milltli ^idi' of llio river, were

M-.-,... St.;ven«M.'s and Tn.da.li'*, of thr noutl. nido. "l r^^.^j^.^j j„ October 1830.

Mr. llHird s, of the soiilii side • - - - -J

Mr. Mill's, of llic north side, in llic .loiirnal- of (lie Asscmhlv.

Colonel l'l.ill|)otls', received in IH4I.

Mr. Tate's, of the !-oi.tli si.l

Mr. Kecfer's, of the north i.iid wo.ith sides -

Mr. Thou. os.in's charts of survey
Mr. Iji H.ic's - ditto - ditto'

The Hoard likevi.se acquired ii i^rcat deal of iiifoi-niation verhally from Mr. Kcefcr ; ll.at identic.
man liaviii(; heeoi le intimately ac.iiiaiiilcd with the north side vidiile assistin<; Mr. Mills in his
surveys.

l.it. Show the ijmmittee the entry of the proccedinirs of the IVw.i-d when they driermiiied to
adoiit the line on the south side of the river.' — I ai.i not aware that tli-.re ;ire any iiitries in the
hooks of the JJoanI exee|pt instruilions.

i:i.'i. Are entries iiiailc in the hooks without your knowlcilfje ? — Xo.

i;U!. Are luiiiulc:- made of the mcetinirs and |iroee.'din;;s of the Hoard ; iiiid if so, «ill you lay
liefore the .•on.liiilti'e iin cMiaet of the (..tries which relaie lo the adoption oi the south sicic of the
St. Lawrence in place oflhe iioi'lh, for the canal to avoid the I'apids lielwceii lakes .St. I'.aiicis mid
St, Louis .'—1 am not aware that the Jloard of «orks ever contemplateil makint; a i-annl on the
north side of the St. Lawreiic.' to avoid the rapids alluded to, since the i|uestion was first rcterretl
lo them on the l-ilh <)iloli{r 18;J!(; Iron, the inlonnalioii (Vol.. time lo time acquired, lliev always
considered liic soull. side the hesi and least expcMsi\c .(mtc; liul 'icillicr at ihc linie ncu- siiiic iheir
delcrniiii;itioi. lo iiiially recommend the canal, has there heeu any min.ite rccurded of n ...celinj; of
the Uoai'd for the piiriiose reterrod to.

Mr. //'. /?. Ca.ii;/, aj^ain called in ; and Kxamlned.

i:i7. J)id you run your level over . :. line marked on the plan .' — I did ; the line in the ravine is
winding, and I did not take the courses liy the eon. pas •.

i:iH. Did you take soundings in M'Intyre's Bay, and Iron, thi't.cc out into the lake; if so, where
is the chart ! — I sounded out fi.r ahout 4iil) feel, anil found 10 feel waler. I made no chart.

1!J'J. Did you exan.ine the soil, and did you discover any rock ?— I examined ;!i;' soil l>y means
of the .-avines and wells, and fimud rock at Fi-eiieh's Kift, ahout a mile and a half from the stcain-
hoat lundiii}; atC'oteau du Lac ; I also found rock in the ravine, ahout a mile fi-om the Ottawa.

140. Did you take soundings ahout the mouth r''the Quincliean ; and if .so, where are they ?— I
did not.

141. Where do you terminate the canal on the Ottawa Ilivcr? — At the Military Locks" near the
stean.-liout landin;;;.

14-2. How n.ucli excavation is there under watei', and what portion of it is rock? — I cannot
answer that question.

143. Do you construct any works to defend youi river hank ngainst tlio ice a!id current in the
Ottawa? — Yes; I allowed (or a proteetion-wall in the estimate.

144. What lenitth of reach have you from the mouth of the Qiiinchenii to the end of the canal,
and what sum have you set down lor ])Umpiny- il .' — Four thousand li'et. 1 have allowed 7,400/.
for the enihankment and pi-otection-wali, from the locks to the mouth of the ravine. 1 have not
estimated for the cofTer-dam and pun.pini;, hut consider that the e.\i)cnse will he the same on hotli
^ides.

145. Did you take the hearings of the I'uvine, and is it laid down in your plan fi'om them? — I
did not.

140. Did you make any allowance for waste weirs in your estimate ? — I did not, supposing them
the san.c on both sides.

147. Where is your guar''. lock ? — At M'Intyre's Bay.

148. Why did you leave out the calciilai.ons for waste-weirs, ditching, grubbing and clearing,
li'iicing, toll collector's houses, lock-houses, bridge-houses, damages, or coi..peiisation for bridges .'
— Because I supposed that, with the exception of the duiuages, liny eiuild not materially differ. I
can give no opinion as to the amount of damages to property on either side. I did not attempt to
make an estimate of the whole of the works; it would take tiiree months to do so.

Charles Manuel, Esq. called in ; and Examined.

Anmivr to Question I. — I have resided for M yea:-.s at Bcauharaoi.*, and am a surveyor. I have
no interest in the eniial.

Ans. tu Q. i.—l am.

.Im. tu Q. o. — 1 do.

Alls, to Q. 11. — 1 have, in a canoe. I went will. Mr. Tate us an assistant, and expected to eivu
evidence. 1 took soundings across direct from Ciiartier'i Point to Isle uux Chats and other fines

j9j

below.

\sl

120

I'Ai'hUS RKI.ATINCi TO

Im'Iow. I let III)- (Biii>c ilrlt'l Willi llic ciirnnl Croin llio rliaiirnl liiilf way Ix-lwpeii Gro»M- Point niiil
l"lr Hiix Cliiilt;' it (Irilb'tl iiitn lln' wmtli ■■liiiiiiicl, and tlitTr I <iiiin«l tUv folluwin^ i>r>uti(liiiK», ^'^■'■
•J 1 , 1 0, -.'O, II, I J, II, II. iM-twrrn the !ihoHl« ; lielnw the »hoBlii, ii 1 , V 1 , 80, 1 4. VV'e RoiinUi-U with
Ritoiiiiiilii^ line H'liilc tilt' ouiiof was drifting.

Ant. Ill Q. ifl.— Y.«.

Ant. til t^. 17.— With a (.'iiidi- I could tukc n iMint of'niiy ■■izo thi^uph llic batfiirw.

Ann. Ill (j. ■2i.—\'vti tln' situation i* ••lii-llt-ri'd liv IhIc uu% Chuti.

Ant. to Q. -if). N(il jMirtiiiilarly, Imviiin only Iw'cn there two or three times, and having never
Kounded.

An.'. Ill <i. 44. — VcfmclB coming; down the river h'Bvc Hungry B\v six mile* to theri^lit ; they
hnve no liimineoM ninr it.

Am. Ill (^. 4» I think the shoaN are Inid down larger than tliey really are; I would uiyu'lt'

undcrliike to remove tlirni.

Atif. to Q. 6H.— Ye* ; llii' current ii" af)out two inil'-x and » half an hour, from actiiul ineiL«ure-
inenf, which I asiertained l>y |iuttin^ a log of W(hx1 in the water, anU lueaituring its sijHcd on thi'
land. I he hottoin U good.

Ant. to <2 fi.'l. — It may Ih' made viry wife hy art.

int. to Q. TH. — The head of the Rhoalu congi:it» of larce boulders (not rotk); then come ^-mailer
Kioneti, and then i>aiid.

Ant. to (^. m;i. — With resiK'ct to the upjier end of the canal, I can say nothing; nt the lower
end, the ice leaves Hei-.nliarnois in the tipring Hi or l.'j days earlier than the Cascades, and flirnn
earlier lU tlic Cascades in the fall.

Ant. to Q. »(?.— Yes ; they can pole up at any time.

Ant. to Q. M4.— Yes.

Ant. to Q. 11 a. — I cannot say.

Quet. 1411. You state that vou ascertained the depth of the channel hy soundings; how often in
n minute did you sound ?— AMout everv three English chains of fifl feet.

150. You state that barges can go down through the battures; did you ever see one go down .'
— I never ^aw one go down ; hut I have seen email wood barges on tlie south shore, old Durham
bouts.

.Int. to Q. 12H.— I cannot say what tlie foundation is, but there are large boulders round the
island.

lirsolved, Tliat the chairman do make application to the acting clerk of the Executive
Council lor extracts of any proceedings on the minute-book of the council, relating to the
: r Beauharnois Canal.

Pierre Le Due, Senior, called in ; and Examined.

Ant. to Qiiet. 1. — I live at St. Timothy, opposite the cedars. I am a fiirincr, and liave been a
pilot 30 years. I have no interest respecting the canal.

Ans. to Qui's. 2. — J am.

Atui to Qiiet. 6. — I know it well.

Ant. to Qiiet. 11. — I |)oss them three or four times a week. I have taken several rafts down the
river, from tlic upper part opjiosite Grosse Point, and from Hungry Bay, and went down the south
channel ; the lust raft I took down only two or three weeks ago. I consider there is no more danger
there during a storm, tlian iii any other part. I iiave often Men there with a raft in a strong wind.
I was one of the party who sounded the shoals, and we in no place found less than 8 } feet water.

Quet. lol. Would you undertake tomorrow to take a steam-boat, drawing eight feet water,
down the south channel, and be responsible for damages, if you wrecked it ?— If the channel were
marked with buoys, I would do so.

Ant. to Q. 24 — It can, being sheltered from wind by Isle aux Chats. '

Quet. 162. You have said that you would take down a steam-l)oat, drawing eight feet ; woidd
you consider it equally sate for a vessel under sail, of the same draught?— I should, if the wind
were favourable.

Ant. to Q. (13.— There could not Ic a better. "'

Ant. to Q. 114.— Of course.

Ant. to Q. 83. — The difference is tliree weeks in favour of the south shore, both in the spring
uiid fall.

Quet. 103. Do you think a vessel could hold her anchors near, and within six miles of Grosse
Point, on the south side, in a north, or nortli-west, or north-east wind, ns well, and with as much
safety, as a vessel could lie or hold her anchors on the north side in a south, south-east, or south-
west wind ? — I think a vessel could hold her anchors as well on one side as the other. I have staked
rafts there myself in safety.

■Pierre ie Z)«c, Junior, called in ; and Examined.

Alts, to Qweji. 1 .—I nm a farmer, and reside ut St. Timothy ; I am not a pilot, but have been
employed by engineers on the river.

Ant. to Q. 2. — I am. -

Ant. to Q. 5 Y'cs. ■ "* * ' •

Ant. to Q. 11. — I have passed down with canoes and rafts, and al- 'n company with the engi'
neers. I found, by sounding, 11 feet of water, an acre and a half from the shoal. I let a canoe
float from the centre of the water, und it Boated down the soutli channel ; I there found ro less than
8 i feet, and at other places lower down, from 1 1 to 20 feet. From what I know of the channel,
I consider that it is rood and safe for large barges; if the persons on board the steamer Neptune,
when she grounded, nad kept the channel, they could have gone down in safety.

Ant. .'0 Q. 17. — I might take down a barge drawing eight feet water.

Ant. to <i. 104.- -It could not be excelled. "

./!»«. /o(i 114.— Certainly.

Am. to Q. 03.— Yes.

An.i.

/"»<♦

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

lai

Ans. to Q. i*.—Yf.

Am. to R. 88.— At the CMlern ontrmnre of tlip canal there ia a ilificrrnrp in the hrrakinf^ up of
the ice of from 15 day* to 8 weekx in favour of the MUth licle ; at the weitem, both tide* are about
equal ; there i« the lame ditference in the formation of the ice in tiie fail.

CkarU* La Roequt, Emj. called in ; and Examined.

Ant. to Qfiti. 1. — I rcnidr at RJriere .St. Louii, near St. Timothy. I am a merchant, and have
00 inlereat in the Beauhamoi* Canal.

Ant. to Q. 2— Ye«.

An*, lo Q- 5.— Yes.

An*, to Q. 11.— I have, in a barge, drawing four I't^t water, and I found it to be a practicable
channel.

Ans. to Q. 17. — I caniiot Ray, never having Munded.

Ant. to Q. 104.— From the appmmnce of the ripplei on the water, I thonld think that a rerj
eligible channel might be founa there.

Am. to Q. 24.— Ye«.

Ant. to Q. 03. — It in a inoet excellent entrance.

Ant. to Q. 83. — I ca'iiiot ipeak respecting the western entrance; at the other extremity there ia
a difference of from 10 to 1.5 days in favour of the south side in the spring.

Ant. to Q. 114.— Certainly.

The chairman laid before the committee a letter which he had received from the acting
clerk of the Executive Council, with a copy of a report of a committee thereof, relative to the
extension of public improvements. — (Appendix, No. 24.)

Also, a letter which he had received from the Secretary of the Board of Works, respecting
the detention of witnesses for cross-examination by the President of the Board. — (Api-endi^,
No. 20.)

Thurtdaif, ath October, IS42,
: ,;^' Solomon Y. Chethy, Esq. a Member of the House, called in ; and Examined.

An*, to Quel. 1 . — I am a Member of the Legit^lative Assembly for the town of Cornwall,
where I have lived for 42 years.

Quet. 164- Have vou personally examined the entrance to the Beauhamois Canal, betwe>!n
Grosse Point and Isle aux Chats ; and if so, describe it ?— I have, on two several occasions during
the pasi summer. I found the channel exceedingly crooked, with a speed of curren*. averaging, iu
my opinion, three miles an hour ; I found in the month of it what I conceive to be seven distinct
shoals, and innumerable large boulders on and between them. In that which was represented by
the engineers as the middle channel, and indicated by buovs, I found an angle, bearing at least 40
degrees to the north, running over from above Chartier's Point, nearly in the direction of Isle aux
Chats. There is a large shral which appears to me to intersect the channel, and which is not laid
down on Mr. Rubidge s plan.

ISS. Do you know how wide it is from Grosse Point to the shoal, which the committee under*
stands you to say is not properly laid down 1 — As near as I could judge, I should think it to be
about a mile across from Grosse Point to loL- aux Chats; the southern extremity of the shoal is
about a tliird of a mile from Grosse Point ; it may be more. I think it lies just where a boat would
cross in coming down the lake to that arm of the river. I also consider the shoal cxceedinglr
dangerous, from being hidden ; and the strong current that sets in from Hungry Bay, together with
the south-west wind, would render it very dangerous for a boat to get in; I do not, however, think
that the prevailing wind ; I think that part of tne river the most exposed to the prevailing westerljr
winds otany under my knowledge. I found the southernmost point of the shoal the most shallow .
in Mveral places there was not more than three feet water.

Ant. to Q. 48.— I do not consider it correct ; it docs not represent all the shoals I found there.
I found, in not less than 40 places, a depth not exceeding 3 } feet, while I see but two «uch place*
indicated on tlie plan. On (he shoal intersecting the uppermost line of soundings, in place ». sight
feet, as marked thereon, I found a depth of water ranging from 3 | to Q feet. Leading from
Chartier's Point to the southernmost red line, I followed a shoal, in the shape of a crescent, on
which I found 3 ^ feet in several places. In the centre channel I found a flat bottom, with 8 ^ feet
water, as low down as the bend described in my former answer.

Quet. 156. You say you had no means of measuring distances; what means had you of taking
the depth of water ; had you a sounding line ; if so, did you keep any note book of your soundings,
and can prou furnish it to the committee ? — I took an iron bar, five-eighths of an inch sopare,
marked in feet with white paint, with two wooden measures, 12 feet in length, also divided off into
feet ; the boat was under my own direction. The first time I took soundings we crossed the channel
at five different points ; the second time, the middle channel being then indicated by buoys, we
went to the head, and followed it downwards ; we landed on Isle aux Chats, am, lollowed the
deepest water we could find, upwards to the uppermost shoal on the north side of the channel
indicated on the plan ; we followed that shoal, taking soundings, crossed over to the middle «hoal,
and dropped down the channel.

157. Are you well acquainted with the north side of the lake, at sid near the present steam-boat
wharf; and if so, inform the committee what is the velocity of the .-irrent there, and whether, in
other respects, it offers an easier and better access for the entrance of a canal than the south side of
the river? — I know it well; at M'Donell's Bay it is nearly still water. I think it afford* a free
•ccesa in every respect ; the entrance on the south side is not to be compared with it.

595'

l'*^

139

PAPERS RELATING TO

) ■

4
)

Alexander M'Lran, Enq. a Memlxr of the IIoiiw, apprared before the Commitlee,

aiui *laXct\ at folluwN :

I vinilid the rntniniitothccanui oner with Mr. Cho<Iry, for the expre»» purpoie of forfninff
itii (ipiniuii iiijhII'; bihI iht- Ici-tiiiHiii)- of Mr. Chedcy huvinij ken reaU to me, I concur gen- -
iiilly in hi« »ttttfintiit», Imt he hut Ucii more minute than I have it in my -rfi^er to be.

Hurt. 18». Who HrcomjiBnied von nnd Mr. rhesley, when you went with him to exomine the
entnine.' lo the eiinal '-('iiptniii' Stern-', of the »teiirn-lHiiit, L» Plant, the pilot, Mr. William
Hoebuck, Dr. I^y, Mr. ItoUrt M'liityre, and the boatmen.

Thomat A. Beijlty, Tm\. apiiii njimarcd Ufore the Committee, and handed in llie following
dtieunit ntN, wliieh lie hud jire|iared at their deiiire.

Extract fr.im proce«ilinpi of Hoard of < /orks, (n 13th Dcret.ilior 1839.— (Appendix,

No. •.'<!.)

He[Mirt of Board of Works to liii Exeellencv the Governor-(;eneral, relative to the Beau-
harnolit Cu'ial, 14tli DeceniU-r lb!l«.— (Appendix, No. 27.)

Extract from a further He|)ortof the Boanl on the same subject.— (Appendix, No. 28).

Extract <irom tJiat purl of the Report oi' the President of the n<iuid of Works to tlie
Governor and Council, dated l-.'lh May 184-J, relating to the Canul from the Cotcuu to tlio
Cascades (Appendix, No. ao).

Extract from a Re|>ort of Colonel PhillpotUt, Royal Engineers, respecting the location of
the Canal, S4th October 1838. — (Apjiendix, No. uo).

Mr. Ufijlfij, further Examined.

Qiim. 150. Produce the Departmental Report referred to in the report of the Chairman of
the Board of Works, dated l^t August last.'— 1 know of no other report than that which 1 have
handed in this rooming (marked 3U.)

1 60. li/ the said rcimrt, rclerence is made to the sundry surveys and estimates, made by parties
therein named; can you intbrm the committee whetliiT the chairman himself has (icrsonally
examined both sides of the river, with reference to the uresent undertaking; and if so, when? —
I cannot say, as I do not accompany Mr. Killaly when lie leaves town.

161. Are the extracts that you have laid on the table the only entries in your books of the pro-
ceedings of the Board on the Beauharnois Canal ? — With those tiivcn in nrcvioiislv.

MI2. Will you state the names of the members of the Board of Works ? — Messrs. Killaly,
pcsident, Harrison, and Davidson.

163. Will you refer to your books, and stale how many meetings there have been of the Board,
on the subject of the Ueaulianiois CanuH— I have already answered this question; no mectinga
are rccon'.cd.

104. Before any expenditure was made on the Beauharnois Canal, was the siimc submitted to
the Boiird; and was there an order of the Board made before such expenditure was paid?^
(3'/i« ijuestion ivas rejrrlid h;/ the Committee as ffoiiu; bei/ond tin- potren cutnistetl to titem).

1 (15. Do you keep a book in which all the authorities tor the payment of money on the Beauhar-
nois Canal are entered? — {Rejected, fur the same reason a» the foreyoituj).

Samuel Keefer, Esq. Civil Enfr'aeer, called in; and Examined.

^n», to Qucs. 1. — I am engineer to the Board cf Works.

Qiien. 160. Can you briefly point the items w..'ch constitute the great difference in yon estimates
for the south and north shore, for the canal at the lower cud of I^ake St. Francis ?— I can ; exca-
vation, embankment, (particularly in the Ottawa river), waste-wcirs, (none required on the south
side), ditching and fencing, (the canal is three miles longer on the north side than the south), lock*
houses, bridge-houses, damages for land, locks (which are more expensive on the north side tlion
the south), coffer dams, (one more required on the north side than the south), protection wall for
the bank in the Ottawa river ; these are the chief items.

107. Will you state to the committee your opinion of the general accuracy of Mr. Thompson's
chart, and how far vou found the soundings and width of the river to be correct?— As regards the
position of tlie middle shoal, Mr. Thompson's chart is correct, but I have not found the depth of
water to correspond ; Mr. Thompson's survey was made in 1830, when the water was high ; my
soundings were taken when the wo'cr was nearly at its lowest.

168. Can you state positi'.ely the rate of current from Grosse Point to M'Pherson's Point?—
Not from my own measurement.

160. VVhen did you give your opinion to the Board decidedly in favour of the adoption of the
south side? — In February last.

170. In what respects do you think Mr. Casey's report is defici'^nt ?— Inasmuch as hy his own
confession he has not made a thorough survey, and he has not made up an estimate of the whole
cost of the north side, without which I think it impossible to draw auy fair comparison of the
cost of the two sides ; I do not think that even in the partial estimate which he has sent in, the
f]uantities of excavation and embankment arc sufficient, and I know his plan and section to be
incorrect. ( 117/ .ess slwtved, by his omi plan of r>th July last, that the hearingi q ' tlie ravine on Mr.
Caseifs plan n-ere iiicornct.) M -. Casey makes no allusion to the difficulties to be surmounted in
entcrmg Lake St. Louis, Uic removal of which forms a very large item in my estimate. Hia
report contains very little iiifonnation on the subject under examination; his avowed object is to
prove that the Board of Works is wrong in stating that the canal will cost 100,000 /. more on the
north side than on the south ; and this he undertakes to do without having examined both sides, as
would obviously be necessary, and even without fully surveyii^ and estimating ti.e north side.

171. Are

PUBLIC WORKS I. .NADA).

•as

171. Arc yon of opinion thai hr lixi thr inran* of mskintr an nilmatii from hi* ■^'porta which
Tou have teen ?— I am of opinion that he had not the means of doin|^ lo.

1 7«. What ii the diftis renre of level lietween llie two iidea of the river, and why do you entimale
for ten lorkii on the north itidi' iind only nine on the louth ?— The difference of level ii only lii
inrhef, hut from tlio iH-cuiiar nature of the ifmund on the nortli itiilc it i» nf<'rmary to have n Inrk
enterinft into liakc St. Louiii, uCtix feel lift, and another re<]uire« to lip of nine fret lift ; no tliut if
the number of the l<M-k» wan the raine on the north a» the iM>uth Hide, Koinc of them would nereiwarily
lie over 1 1 furt lift, which I cunnider daiiKrrou*. The peculiarity of the eruund alluded tu ii>, tlint
the water at the mouth of the Quinchean, and foraconaiderable diotunce down lo I^kc 8t. I>i>uiii,
BvcraKn only from tour to lix feet in depth, and I conceive the best way ofgurmounling the difficulty
here prciented ia by <^n«truotin|; a bank parallel with the ihore, by which the water may be railed
»ix feet; I retort to thi« mode to avoid excavation under water, and pumpins a long reach of
canal, which would otherwiic lie lu'crsnary. The rnibanknient would l>e :i,7oii feet in length.

173. What would be the lavini; in your entimatc for the north iiide, if tlie ravine were adopted
as part of the line ?— I have made no eitinialo of that, but in my opinion, even if we were to uaa
the ravine by damniinf; it, the waHte-wcirs that we uliould have to coiutruct, and which I conceive
inditpensable, wouhl very nearly, if not i|iiiti> eqnal the itavin);.

jinx, to Q. 123. — I have; it ft enibruced in my eftiinote, which ii before you.

174. Could you obtain a lilaek-wnter navigation between M'l'herson'x Point and I^ke St. Fmtclt
by pla(Mng a dam below the Point, and another between (irund Isle and IhIc aux Chats ; and if so,
what would be the probable ex|>enM> ? — Certainly ; but I am unable to utatt! the probable ex|H'nse.

17A. Would a low-path from M'Pherson's Point, in your opinion, obviate the diimdvBntiiges of
the enirancc being placed there; and if so, wlwt would U. the probnble cost thereof? — I conceive
that the tow-path would entirely obviate the difficulties. A statcnivnt of the probable ex|)ensc will
be found in my estimate.

17U. What would, in your opinion, be the prolmblc expense of continuing the canal to u (loint in
the lake which would atTord a good entrance into slack water ? — It would not cost far Hliort of
SO,OU0 /.

177. Do you think the termination which would there be obtained would be as good as the pre*
sent ?— It would be as good, but no better.

^tu. to Q. 130, — I conceive it would be better.

Que*. 17H. Do you know anything of u shoal or a line from Grosse Point to Isle aux Chats,
which is not laid down ?— I do ; there are shoals not laid down in the chart, because they do not
interfere with the navigation.

170. Did you make tlio soundings which are marked upon Mr. Rubidge's plan, andean you
vouc^h for their accuracy ?— I did make them, and can voucli for their accuracy.

180. You state that Uie canal on the south side is three miles xliurter than on the north ; if, how-
ever, the south canal were continued to slack water ; that is, tu equal the comparatively still water
of Lake St. Francis, what would then be the ditferencc in the length ? — One mile only in favour of
the south side.

181. Would the additional two miles thus made be through rock, or through soft cutting?— I
have not examined the soil, but in my opinion it would be chiefly earth and boulder stones.

182. What is the soil at M'Pherson's Point, where the canal now tcrmiuates?— ^hiy, with a
few l)oulder stones.

183. Between your calculation of the excavation required, and that of Mr. Casey, there is a dif-
ference (on the north side) of a million of cubic yards ; how docs this difference arise ?— It arises,
in the first |>lace, from Mr. Casey not cutting so deenly as I do. I perceive, on comparing bis sec-
tion with mine, taken in July last, that it does not show so much cutting. In the next place, from
his making use of the ravine, by dauuiiing it, he avoids cutting; whereas I have continued my
canal along the ravine, not descending into it, but cutting the can-il in the edge of the bank, thereby
obviating tnc necessity of having a wustc-wcir at each lock. Lastly, he takes no notice of the exi-a-
▼ation under water, nor of thi' bank required at the lower end of t)ic canal.

184. The plan you exhibit is dated Sth July 1842 ; how came it then that the south side was
determined to be the proper route before this survey was made? — 1 do not know that I can answer
respecting the decision of the Board of Works.

185. Could not all the locks on the north side be placed in the ravine and below it, if Mr. Casey's
levels are correct ? — Yes.

180. Why, then, will one additional lock be required on the nortli side?— I have answered that
question already.

187. You state that a tow-path would be necessary from M'Pherson's Point to overcome the
obstacles between that point and the lake ; why then should not. the canal on the north side ter-
minate at the locks at Coteau du Lac, and a tow-natli be made from the locks to the lake, and
thus render the canal route shorter even on the north side than on the south ?— Because tlie current
on the north side exceeds that on tlie south a very great deal.

188. What is the velocity of the current between the government lock at Coteau du Lf,c and
Lake St. Francis? — I have not actually ascertained the velocity of the current, but from appear*
ance I believe it to be from four to seven miles an hour.

189. Are you aware that boats have for years been towed up from that lock to the lai'e?— -
lam.

Friday, 7th October, 1842.
The Honourable R. M. Harreood, called in ; and £xamined.

An*, to Qfiet. 1.— I am Seignior of Vandreuil, where I reside.

Que*. 100. Would youi private interest be affected by a canal made on the north side, and if so,
how? — ^The only way it could be affected would be to my disadvantage; in the first place, I hold
no property on the whole line of the canal ; the reason why^ I consider it would be to my disadvan-
tage u this : that a canal cut on the plan recommended ir Mr. Casey's survey would create an
immense hydraulic power at the river De Lisle and River R >uge, which would be a power created
in opposition to hydraulic works which I rm now erecting at tlie Cascades, and would probably

595. Q 2 WW

•'•'■,

134

I'AJ'KRS HKl.ATIMi TO

on-r-idut llrt- niiirkn liir (fruc arxl i<ff..l I roofcive ihni ibe cultinu of tlw ruti.il nill tioi irxreai*
Ihr vuliit ..f r%rii vllUjr W% ihrmitfli wliirti il |w««. By wiyinj^ tliat I liold no iinimrly on thi-
wlicili- liiM' i>f Ihf lanul, I mi-Bii llml I have nci IiiikI in niy'|><)««ti'>i»n IwrJiTin^ iin llu' liiii- of r»ni»l
or dvke ut llie (Vcaili-. for I con'Hlrr llie oulli t woulil I"' in llif il<-«'|> w«t«r i>|i|i.wi«i' tin- fiiittin){
canal : and Covcrmnint own» lh» liiml (or Jim f,vl on eutli »i<l>- of that i-snul ; nor would there lie
■njlhintr j-iiiiicil l» Uikin^' •!"■ <«nal lower down, for the ire ii> all (fone ttway opfNwile the innulhof
the CttiMBde Cunaf Ufore anv inland eiinal e.nild !«• o(iene<l or i'rve from i<e and frtwl, either on
lite north or M>ulh • for what' ritflit have we to e»|»>i t that then« inland canaU would U' fit for uw,
(foinif throiiKh iiirdi exiiivalions liefore the Uriiinc Canal, or tliu Wiitlern Canal in the I'uitwl

Yet for many yean I have notieed tliat the river ix elear of ice,
even throui{)i all the liiike «>f Two !M.iiinl«in«, ami he.e ut the Canettdeii, Ufore any Imr^e ran ({o

Htate* are oiH'n and are fit for um .

down the I/aihine Canal, and, I l)eliev< , aliniMt alwayi before even liouUt <-an iia\ i;{utr the Wentern
Canal.

101. Have yon c)ianiine<l the offieial re|>ort» and lurvev* of llie lioanl of \Vork», or their engi-
iMcn, on the •uhject of the St. lA\t.-cnce Canal u|Kin eillier the north or Miutli xliore, or both at or
oiiiMMite Oiteau <1u Lae ? — I have thia morninif for the (imt time n-ad over the official re|iortii of
Hamuel Keefer, Km|., engineer of the Board of Worki), of the prob-lile coot of eonolructinK a eanal,
both on the north an<l the Kouth ihore, dated " Office Of the Boatd of Workit, Kin({<4on, 1*1 Octo-
ber 1843.

103. Did you doubt the corrrctnoM of a «nrver nni report made under the authority of the Board
of Work*: ifio, why ? — I doubted the corn-L'tne«« of a xurvey anti rifiort made under the autho-
rity of the Board of'WonU, by Mr. Keefer, of the line for the oatuil on the north iihore from Lake
8t. Fran,.!)), throngb the ravine to l^ke St. liouiti, from the perurn; of a leta-r, dated tut Au);uiit
IHi'i, of the Honourable Hamilton H. Killaly, nreitident of the Boaid of WorlcH, wherein hcittate*
that from Mr. Keefer'n l{e[>ort. the liiu> of ranul |Miinted out to him by me would coat one-fifili
more, or 04,U»tU<. more than Mr. MilN' estimate for bin inland route.

103. Have ynu veen a letter dated litt Au^unt IH4'J, from Hamilton H. Killaly, Em., prenident
of the Board of Workx, forwarded to Mr. Simjfion, i>f Coteuu du .l.«v, re;;ardin){ the Beauharnois
Canal ; are the atutementii in the t>anie correct ; if not, Htate in what (tarticulnr {—I have seen fluch
n letter, puMinhed in the Montreiil (iazette of the l-2th of Au)(u§t laNt,andI think that Mr. Killaly
\* in error when he statin that " the fimt xurvcy wax mode about 2o yearH itgo by a French engineer,
who, havinj; generally examined b ith iiidos of 'lie river, Iocate<l the work on the Nouth itide ;" for
as far as I can learn, the iiurvey alluded to w.:- made by a Canadian gurvcyor, and not a French
engineer ; and that survey was at the cx|)Ci]»c oi the se-);nior of BeiiuharnoiH, and confined to the
Douth side. In Mr. Killalv'x comments on Mr. MilU' river front plan, he Hlales " the objections
to the plan arc strongly and fairly set forth in the reports of MeKsri*. Baird and Stevenson, and are,
in my judgment, in8U|)ereble. ItK entrance is represented to Im; olMitruot<'d by shoals and being on
the lee shore of Lake Ht. Francis." I'think it incorrect to give the protective force of hii opinion,
as pre«ident of the Board of Works, hy supposing the rcportit maue by Mr. Htevcnson and Mr.
Baird to be perfectly correct with regurd to shoals spoken of, when he must have known that both
Mr. Baird's and Mr. Stevenson's were ex parte surveys, mode many ver?re ago ut the expense of
the proprietor of Beauharnois ; and that Mr. Mills' was an puthonsed public survey, and that he
represented the entrance to be good ; and there is no doubt that there is a good entrance as stated
by Mr. Mills. It is incorrect to call the north shore the " lee shore," when it is known that the
winds that blow are mostly north, north-east, and north-west ; south winds Itcing generally moderate
in that section of the country. It is incorrect to state, when speaking of Mr. Mills' inland route,
that " this line Mr. Mills himself did not recommend, and, among other practical objections, is liable
to having the whole of the lockage (eighty-two feet) combined in one spot;" when Mr. Mills, from
his published report, places

" 4 I^cks >< feet lift located separately ;
a „ 8 feet lift combined ;
'J „ H feet lift combined ;
1 ,. 10 feet water-lock;"

And when it would not, from the level of the land, he possible to put nil the locks combined info
one spot, or within the compass of some miles, and when Mr. Mills di<l not rec(.mmend his inland
route ftccausc he recommended his river route in preference, but expressing in the same report, thai
for an iidnnd canal from lake to lake, he considers it the Itest to be found, and as preferable to one
on the Bcaiiharnois side ; for in sneaking of that side, Mr. Mills says, " I believe it to require a
longer canal, ond, although very feasible, yet possessing no advantages, and no extraordinary faci-
lities to construction." It is not correct, nor consistent with the high calling of tlie president of
the Board of Works, in drawing a comparison between the cost of a canal on the socth side, then
constructing, and the cost of a canal on the north side, to compare it with the route through the
ravine, thereby showing a difference of 104,032/. in favour of the south side, supposing Mr.
Kecfer's estimate of that route to be correct (which Mr. Casey's survey and estimate proves to be
most egregiously erroneous) when in the same letter Mr. Killaly states, that the route by the
ravine will cost more than Mr. Mills' inland route on the north side by one-fifth, or 64,080 i.;
thereby showing that Mr. Mills' estimate or survey on the north, made by authority of the legisla-
ture, from still-water of Lake St. Francis to still-water of Lake St. 'Louis, would only cost
30,048/. more than the ex parte estimaU' on the south side by Mr. Stevenson, made by order of the
seignior of Beauhamois, from strong curients below Lake St. Francis, to water that cannot be con-
sidered the still-water of Lake St. Louis. Mr. Killaly says that, " the seventh survey was made on
the south side by Mr. Keefer in March last, resulting in the full confirmation of No. 5. The eighth
Burvey was made in April last by Mr. Tate, and sustains, equally with Messrs. Baird and Keeter,
Mr. Stevenson's Survey and Report, No. 5." It appears to me utterly impossible that any engi-
neer could, at that season of the year, come to any conclusions, when the whole country was
frozen up or covered with snow; much less that they could find out the particular line there
run so many years a^o by Mr. Stevenson, for Mr. Killaly to state that, " these surveys resulted
in the full confirmation of No. 6. If Mr. Kecfer's estimate (now before mc), dated Kings-
ton, 1st October, 1842, was made at that juried, I am at a loss to know how he could ascerUin
whether he would find rock or earth to e.xcavate, lor I have made every inquiry, nnd no

bolei

I'liBLn; woriKs (( anada).

liulf* wfff th»i» unnk. If Mr. Tnlr wn» «» far from lirinc rorrrrf in lii» IcfmI •urrfjr im hr, from
Mr. Kreli*r'» rliart, ii in lii<< wMir mirvrv, I runiinl i>ny li«w tir rouM conlinn Mr. SUvi'iiwn'a »ur-
vrr, for Mr.TsiP m\» lliut llicrc «rc tli'rtr <'rilnin((it of from (tiiti ro l.'.xio (wt in width rarli, aiiil
wiih • drptli of WttitT uvmitriint from l'.> to '.'Ofwl; no Mr. KillnlvV li'tlor iiiforiiin u», ami i«
irivrn i>y him m u full iinxwiT lo our rrprewiilHtion to the (lOvrriior-di'iierBl, that thfrt- wan no
uvailablt- pnlranrc to the vonth oiilc raniil from Like Si. I'miicia.

IU4. Did vol! noint out a line of ninal to Mr. Krcfrr on the north iido ; and did Mr. Keofcr
run out the line of ranal you ut |Miiiitrd out lo him? — From the reiterated ai>iiuruiii'p I uave the
(iovemor (lenenil that the Hoard of Worku had iiindc no examination ur aurvev on the north
nhore, and that there wuii n ravine thiit couhl 1m' u«'d to verv Kmt u<lvunlH};e, Mr. kivfer rereiveil
onlem to run out the line of riinal thiit I would |Kiint out to him, an he infnrnii'd me in a letter re<|uei>t-
in(f me to m«'t him nl Coteiiu du Ijh'. t'li the lurvcj-, it l>ecame im|HHmilile for me to deeiile wIk'-
tlier it wouhl Im- U'tter to take udvunln^o of eertnin low (trouiuU riinnin); in the re<|uired diri'Ction,
or to kee|) upon the liit;her land, unlexti I WM perinittetl lo know the dilTen-nee of level lM>tH'e<'n the
luke water and the ground we were on, which differenre Mr. Keefer refused to (jive me. I then
Ijave hint written inatruotion*, an near an I ran rt'eolliTt,to the fidlowini;rflect : (o leave the luke at
(;(mh1 navigation, or near the Kteam-lMWt landing, and to run a line for a ninnl with the leaot vwii-
vation to the heiul of the )(rrat ravine, in the rear of the church of the Ccdurv, ond from theiire
u»in({ the ravine to l^ke St. Louii. From the rejiort of .Mr. Keefer of lliut survey, he either did
not run the line with the left»t required cxcm»ation, or he munt U- very incorrect in hin xtatemcnl of
the quantity of yard!* to lie excavated; for, from not lieinif witinfied with the report in Mr. Kil-
laly'ii Ictier'of the let Auijuit lant, we employed Mr. Cuwy lo run the nurvey, wh<»e plan and e»li-
niiite are in your iio«se-wiiin, und Mr. (^aM>y niake« them to Ik- more limn one million of yunU li *«
lo excavate than Sir. Keefer states: Mr. Keefer cannot, therefore, have correctly run out the line
I |>ointpd out to him, or ^uch difference could not exist.

11)5. What in ll;e imturi! of the ravine, and of the excavation!), on the line iw iiurveyed hv Mr.
(Vev .' — Till' ravine is one, lut far ns I have wen it, at each eiul, and in hcvenil pluce« nei'ir the
inidiile, peculiiirly iidapted to formini; a eonnl, und of Huflicicnt width for the plyin<; of nnv Ntcani-
IhiuI, vvilnout the snnie feur of injury to ir« hanks 08 on an excavated cunul ; il (rriidunlly ilescends
in level, n» you will observe hv Mr. Cttfiey'H nian. There is also hut little water runs down tjiji
ravine, as is evident by the mnall and low Driajre made to crosH the water in it on the St. Antoine
Road; and this is Hcrounted for from there being unothcr ravine, about a mile higher up, ihut
interHOCts ony land water coining from the interior. At the bottom of the ravine, on Mr. Itobert-
Hon's farm, and on that adjoining, there is plenty of htone suitable at leust for bucrking gtonec, and
IHMsibly even for building locks; and I feel confident that from Kiver De Lisle down the whole
excavation, on Mr. Casey's plan, will be nothing but rand and clay of the easiest kind forcx<-ava.
tion, as is evident by the ditches sunk, und the several wells made bv the inhabitants for water.

10(1. Did Colonel l'hilIpott» ever make any actual survey of the land on the north shore, to your
knowledge, to enable him to conclude that, in estimating at little less than MWyOOOl. what Mr. Mills
estimated at 235,782 /., lie would select that route n» the best the north shore afforded with reluc-
tance? — I have no knowledge that Colonel Pliill|K>tt8 ever made any actual survey of the land on
the north shore, and I think lie could not have done it without my hearing of it ; indeed, but shortly
l)€forc Colonel I'hillpotts left this country, he called upon me, at Vttudreuil, and during dinner our
conversation was chiefly upon the 8t. Lawrence improvements ; und, as far as I can recollect he
was speaking in favour of Mr. Mills' river front canal, which I cannot reconcile with his oi>inion
of the great cost of that route, which he is, by Mr. Killaly's letter, said to have expressed; hud he
then made any land survey, he would, I feel sure, have s|iokcn of it ; nor could any engineer sur-
vey that country inland, and not give it a vast preference over the river front, if thinking the river
front plan to cost little less than dOU,000/.

John Davidton, Esquire, called in ; and Examined.

107. Are you a member of the Board of Works; and if so, when were you appointed?— I was
Gazetted as such about the 14th December 1H41.

108. What do you consider the duty of a member of the Board of Works ?— To attend when
summoned.

100. Will you state how often you have attended meetings of the Board on the subject of the
Beauharnois Canal ? — Never.

200. Have you ever been summoned to attend a meeting of the Board of Works on the subject
of the Beauharnois Canal ? — I have not ; if any summons lia.i been directed to me in June last,
I could not have attended, having been absent at that time frora Kingston.

201. Will you state how oilen you have attended meetings of the Board of Works, and who were
present at such meetings ? — I never attended any meeting of the Board. 1 was a member of the
Board under the Ordinance of Lower Car.ida, before the union, and have been so ever since; but
lukve never been officially summo:<ed to a nieeii.ig of the Board.

202. Does the Act establishing the Board of Works require meetings of the Board ; and if so,
how many members form a quorum, a.nd for what purposes are these meetings required?— If I had
been called upon to take an active part in the business, I should have studied the Act ; but never
having done so, I know nothing of^its provisions.

The Honourable Hamilton H. KHMy, appeared again before the Committee, and handed in the

ibilowing documents :

Report of Mr. H. G. Thompson on survey of the River St. I.awrence, between Coteau a
Coulonge and Coteau da Lac, dated 22d Sept. 1830. (No. 31.)

Report of ditto on survey of south side of St. Lawrence, between Lakes St. Fraucis and St.
Louis, dated 3l8t Dec. 1836. (No. 32.)

595-

«3

..^

19(1

I'APKKS HEI-ATI.Nfi TO

Willinm llurtmeh, K«|. HfPiin itlM ii> ; hikI Kxuninr<l.

3nn. What ia llie itrrnifth of tlip nirrrni Itrtwitn thr ii|>jN'r fiitranri- of (ho ranal Ht ColrttU (In
Iac! sihI till- •U-ain-lHNtl wImrl'iilMiri' f— TIm- iiiiwI npiii [mrl nf tin- nirrrnC iIin-* not iici-r<| four
luiliM |MT hour; thi-rr iiri' iimny jil.irt. >»lMr«- il in iip«rl_v nlill wiil^r for iiii upwanl Unit.

304. What in thi> ilialsncr hrlwefii tht-w |N.inlii ami ihf ili'|ith of walrr al a ronvrriipnl r.iwiiiK
diitaiicr frtHii lh«> nhori' i' — Thf ili>laii'-r frmn lh<iii iioiiitu to the dre\> wnlrr tlix-ii not <-irn<«l lod
fmt, rxri'|it in one initancf, viz. on the nhonl at M'DonuM'i Point; thia roiiM vrry )iuiil}r lie
bri<lKr<l over, a> i* alri'aily done on |>«rt of thi- ronl*. Th«' Uy» prewiit the mimt ilillicult iducm,
beinx further from the «le<|i water, ami foiim-fiuentlv rtHjuirinjj a longer tow-line.

305. Doea the north aliora of the river, hetwivn tliem* iM>inl>, prenent u« favourahle featumi a« the
aoiith aide fur conalrui.-tinK a tow-pnth, and what would In' it* cimI f — If it were not for the ditfi*
culty at t>M! enlranrr of the aouth alion-, it would be the tn-at aide for n tow-path, a* far a* I hav«
■een; but, from a K"'*' I**"' "^ "i** "" ''" ■■■>"'■ "i'i*^ l>einK already inailr, and the main naul mn-
niiiK for a diatanee on the aide of tlw* river, it iN-eoniea the niiait feuaible aide to put it on. I will
cnntra<;t to luuku one, fit for all iipwanl naviitulion, from tiie fort to the anXMith water of the lake,
where the ateamera i.-an eome and take the JMiata in tow, or where they do now lail fn>ni it, aay to
the prrfcnt pliu'e of landin);, for the anni of 9,000/.

/Int. to ii l*:l. — I think ao, if a aufficiently tii{ht dam bo coiiatructed to ntiae the water, ao oa to
tuni it round lale aux Chati.

Aiu. to <l. 17a. — In my opinion, il wouhl not.

Ans. to (f. 17(1.— One-third more of excavation, inde|M<ndcnt of l(M'kn|;n.

(fun. 3IMI. Do you think there ia ii >li(Ntl lyin)( in a diieet lide from (SroiMc Point to the head
fif laic aux Chata, which ia not fully laid down on Mr. Kubidjre'a plan?— I do.

ao7. Wouhl that ahoal lie at all in the way of boata imaaing directly down from I^ke St. Francis
by the aouth channel ; and can you auy how fur the aouthern limit of the ahuul ia from Oroaac
Point? — It would l>e in the way ; and to avoid it you iniiat huf; UroHse Point pretty eloae.

3or*, Do you think, if lighta were placed on Uro«Me Point and M'Phcraona Point, that lM>atg
could enter the aouth channel in the ni);lit, if it were deepened, and the caiml finiabed ? — I do not.

Aiu to (t. I U8,— There are winda that would do it, but not the prevailing onei.

iri7/i'am R. Caiey, Eaq. L^ing again called in, made tlio following rcmarka, in addition to hia

foniier evidence.

In looking over the eatiinntesjur.t lubmitted by the Board of Worki, in order to answer a com-
prebenaive queation put to me aoine daya before tlioae documcnta were received, I perceive that
the line on the north aide, on which the Board base their eatimatc, by which they arc enabled to
show a ditference of IO0,0O0/. agoinat that aide, and bv which a reluctant assent to the location of
the canal on the south side haa been wrung from tne Rieht Honourable the Secretary for the
Colonies, is far, very far, inferior to another lino connecting tlic same points, and well known to tlie
Board of Works.

Bv the " inland route," surveyed by dinM'tiong of the commissioners, in 1833, for a canal 100
feet bottom, by 10 deep, one-sixtli larger than the present canal, there are-

Excavation
Embankment

CUBIC TARIM.
3,7KH,0I.1
310,130

Less one-sixth
Total quantity by route of 1833

By the route of the Board of Works, there a'.;—

Excavation
Embankment

Total quantity by route of 1842 •
Do. do. do. 1833

Difference in favour of route of 1833
(N.B. See " Note " to Document 22.)

3,000,05-2
010,008

2,082,044

3,070,000
•JS1),08

3,305,006
2,582,044

782,023

This, at 1 «. per yard, would amount to nearly 40,000 /. ; but I pass this by at present.

The entire investigation rests, and necessarily so, on the assumption, that the Board have, in their
comparison, brought forward the best line on each side ; for there is no more justice in charging
one line with difficulties, which it is known can be avoided, than in giving another line credit for
facilities of which it is known it cannot avail itself. Yon will please observe, that I refer exclu-
sively to surveys made by Qovemment, in 1833 and 1842, the former of which are confirmed by
my examinations of this year. The difference is sufficiently remarkable, both as to amount and
direction, and I beg leave respectfully, but earnestly, to call your immediate attention to it.

. . Saturday, Hii\ Oetoberim.

Tlie Honourable S. B. Harruon, a Member of the House, and Provincial Secretary for Canada

West, called in ; and Examined.

Am. to Qfut. 107.— I am; I was appointed about the 14th December 1841.
A US. to Quell. 198.— My idea of the Board of Works is, that it is the Executive Government. It
was originally intended that the Board should be composed of the principal officers of the Govern*

in^iit.

/it

ITBMC WORKS (CANADA).

ij;

nirrit. Ttip iliitii-* of Hull mriiiU'r ul tli<- Il4iar«l arr to kItc •uili iiif»rin«(ion u lira in lii« |iowrr,
riUlinir lo ill)' iri'iMTal IwHriiit; of itir workn.

(/mm. Jov. I><> yxii riiiHt'itr llml, iM » nirmlxT nf ihi- Hiwnl nf M'lirku, toii arr IhxiikI l>y the
Ai'l <>l' lii<'iir|M>niliiiii ' — Till' Hiianl ot° WorltD Ixinit a i'(ir|N>niti<>ii, tlir ..i<livt<lual niriiiben llwn-uf
an-, iifriiurM-, >Miunil hy tlir Ait ini'or|i<initin|f thi'iii.

,liu. to If. 11)11. — I liHxt' alliiiili'il no ri-Kular iiiit'tintpi i>f llif Buanl on that fubjrcl.

.Int. to (}. 'JiMt.— I liavi- mil.

Unrt. 'itii. **ill villi i.tHlr how iiftrn jroii altrnilt^I mrrtinp* of ihc lioanl of Worka, ami who
wrri< |>ri'M>nl pi mir)) iinTliii^'a, ami whrlhir thr nutijii'l iil ihr HruiihHriiiii* ('niml wan at cilhrr
iiin-tint; aiiliMiitlcil to tht' Kminl .'—I hiivi' attrnili'U no rrfpilur nii'i'liiiu* ; Imt I haM- fn'<|urnlly
had ronvpnuitionii with thr iliuiriiiiin on liiat uiid other lubjct'ta nlalin^ to thr duli<^ of llit>
lliianl.

■ill. At th<> ronvepMilionii you alludr to, name ihr mrnihrni that wrr<> |in'M'nl, and •tatr if th«
plunk, i-niiiniittii, &r. Hiri' |inNliii'<'d, and whrpi' ihcM' I'nnvprwHiionii tmik |ihirr .' — Thr nii'mU-ra
|irrM-nt witi' (trnrrally thr rhniniiun and inywlf : ntliiT nirinlH-rn of the Kovrrnnirnt havo uUo Ihth
|irt'M'nl on Miiiir o<'raiiiiin>i, Iml I riiiiiint |>iwitivrly hIuIi' ihiir nainiii.

•2\-i. Yiiii Ktatr that Mr. l)H\idMiii in a ini'iiilii'r of lh«- Hoard of Works; in ho aliio a mi>n '
of thr KxiM'UtiM' Ciiuni-il ! — Hi' i* mil.

'.Mil. Did you, iw a nK-nil)<>r III thr Hoard of Work*, c-vrr rxaininu thr hcvirul iinni of r.nai,
or did you rvrr attrnd with thr iirmidrnt whrii thr miiiir wan ini>|M'rt<-d ? — I m ver atlemlrd, jI.'
did I I vrr rxaininr into ihr d-iriititir |Mrt of thr ilitTrrrnl iniprovrinriilK.

■J 1 4. Hid thr Doard rr|Mirt iiimn thr linr now aiioptrd , and if no, wrrr you p.-rfrnt whm
report wan a^rrrd ii|Hin hy thr Ikittrd ' — The Board ri'iturtrd to the Coiiiii-il ; hut I wbh not pr a
wlirii 'hr rr|Hirt wiut iniiilr.

31. Can you itutr what inforialion tho Board had lN>foro ihrin when thry adopted their
refx rt .'—I ruiinot.

■JKI. Can you inform thr coniinitlee whether (he rommander of the forc(>« had been ronaulled,
with rrirrenre to thr ixiiiry, in u military |ioint of view, of plurinj; the raiial on the M>uth nide of
the rivrr ? — I raiinot.

'jn. Can you Hlutr the timr when thr rrporl wati Huhmitted to thr (iovemor-genrral ? — I rannot.

■J|N. If thr dii<riw>.ionii to wliii'li you liHvr iilludid, on thr Huhjrrt of thr i.anal on tlir Beau-
harnoiit tide, took place in the Kxeuutive Counril, would not niinutea be tound on tlie books of
tliat council? — No.

Sill. iliiN thr provincial Kovernmeiit obtained a loan from the city boiik for the- purpose of com-
nii'iii'ini; ihr Hi'iiuharnois Canal .' — It hiui.

J'.'U. Intiiriii the roinniittcr thr trrni^ and riiiiditionH on which the loan won obtained?— I can*
not uny ; thr riccivrr-^rneral will lie able to furnish that inforniiitiiin.

•2-il. In llic c«liuiateH (or thr public works accunipMnyinn thr Gove •in"-prnrrarH mrsiiocr, and
Ruliiiiilti-il til tlic lojrJHlutHrr lant yrur, thr expciulilure on thr St. I..iiorrncr niivipition, between
I.4ikr .St. rrMiicin and Lakr 8l. I..<iuiii, wan only to Imve comniriiceJ in thr yrur IH4:) ; stutc to thu
conanitti'i. the reiisonii for coinnirncini.; it a ytur MKinrr .' — A htroii^ iirisfurr from rminnition at
Moiitn-ul ; it brini^ rrpreiwntrd that liionry could lie olitaiiied from tlir cily bank for tbr purpose,
thr immediate priMocution of tlic work was determined on, in cider to i^ive em)iloyment to the
ilr-<titute rmi^rranti*.

•2-2-i. I'rom whom did thia nropoi«ition comr ? — Through Mr. Srcrrtary Duly.

Q-.'n. Did you sr? Mr, Kubidge'g churl, now i^hown you, bcliire the dclermitiation to place tho
canal on tlic south cidr ! — No.

.liut. to Q. •Joi!. — The Act speaks for itself, but I b«'licvc not; the Hoard of AVorks has alwayi
brrii liiokrd upon Ha a department of the Kovernmrnt.

(liii-s. ti:i4. Travelling expenses and disbursements are iillowi il by the Act to the memla'rs of
the Board ; have anv such paymentu been made to you ? — No, not as regards any work connected
with the Board of \Vorks.

John W. Dumcomh, Esq. a Member of the Committee, Examined.

22r>. Can you inform the committee who tendered the loan from the 'jity bank of Montreal ?— I
did, on the part of the city bunk.

220. Was the tender made by you in writing?— The tender wiw mnile by the cashier in writing.

227. To whom was the lender directed .' — I Ijelievo to the receiver-general.

22«. Are you a director of the city bank, and were you prc!^cnt when the loan was f;ranted 1—
Yfs.

220. State the conditions fully on which the loan was made? — To be used as the public service
might require, in constructing a canal to connect Lakes St. Francis and St. Louis, at an interest of
six per cent ; the money to be spent on the work, and taken out in the notes of the city bank.

230. Was the place or line of canal on which this money was to be expended, made the subject of
conversation at the Board ? — No.

231. Was there no other condition than those you have stated ? — Not that I am aware of.

232. Could there be any condition attached to this loan without you being aware of it, as you
state you were present at the Board when the loan was made?— I do not think there could} there
was no other condition at ony meeting at which I was present.

233. Was there any discussion belbre the Board as to the side of the St. Lawrence upon which
the canal was to be made ; and was there any condition imposed as to tlie location of the work ? —
Not any whatfver.

234. Will you state the time this loan was made ?— 1 think in the month of July.

235. Were you present at any meeting in Montreal belbre the Bcauharnois line of canal wag
adopted?— I waited on the Governor-general with the Board of Trade with a petition from that
body on the part of the trade of Montreal, to urge upon •.;" Excellency the necessity lor the imme-
diate prosecution of the work, immediately alter his 1: • . ijilency's arrival there in the month of
May lost

236. Was not the route of the canol determined to be m the south side before the propoutiou to
a Ivance the money wos made by the cily bank ?— It wat

595- Q 4

; »V1

PAPERS IlELAIINCi TO

Tlif Honoiirtthlc Dominiek Daly, a Mi'tnlM-r of llif Ifoiisp, aiid Provincial Secretarj- for Caiiwla,

railed in ; ami Exuiiiiiu>d.

2.17. Arpjoii awaro of the Urmx on which the loan of -30,000/. was made h^ the city hank of
Montreal totho (rovi-mmfnt, and it ko, -11010 thcni? -I am not awaro of t!io Kmn.

UM. Will von (.talc anv inCorniiili'm you pofi-c!'!' with rcpird to ihiit loan .'— Tlie pro|io»ition for
the loan was iiiiidc to incYor the int'orri'iiition of the jjovornmcnt hy Mr. IJiin.scoinh ; having very
•hortly after left (i>r Knclanil, I know nothing further of the transaction.

2.11). Are you aware of any niiplication having k'tn prcviounly made by the government to the
city hank lor that li>an ?-I uin not.

The Iloiioiirabie ^0/1') //. Dunn, a Meiidwr of the House, and Rcceivcrgcneral of the Province,

called in ; and Examined.

240. From whom did vou receive the first intimation on the subject of a loan of 9n,o<)0/. from
the city bank of Montreaf '— .\n authority from the jjovernmont. (Witneu handed in a copy of a
hUerj'rom C. 11. Cattle. K"). ranhirr of 'the hank an the whject.)—\\t[>f!nAix No. .14.

341. In the letter you have prtxlucecl, dated .Montreal, lOtli June IM4-i, from Mr. Castle, he says
•' in purxuancc of the'undcrdtandin!; come to with you ;" will you state what that undcrstandinir was ?

If was an understandini; tliat took place between Mr. Ca-slle and Messrs. Harrison and Killaly,

mild not with me. I was invited by Mr. Harrison to meet Mr. Castle on the subject, but did not
attend as there was no olyect for my coinjf.

842. In acknowledging Mr. thistles letter, did you notice that part of it wherein he says, "in
pursuance of the understaiidiug cimie to with vou " for the purpose of carrying out the order of the
govcnmient i—( Witneu hnndrd in a cop;/ of hi* letter to Mr. Cantle in r^-p/;/.^ —Appendix No. 33.

or the loan t

tion with hira on the subject, to the best of my recollection.

IIa<l you any eominunication, verbally or otherwise, on the subject of the Beauharnois Canal,
loan from the' city bank, with Mr. Edward GibI>on Wakefield .'—1 never had any conversa-

Samuel k'eefer, Esq. again called in ; and Examined.

244. Is there any peculiar difficulty in constructing a towing-path on the shore above the Cedars ?
i— I will remark before answering this question, that something more than a towing-path will be re-
quired past i'oiiit au Diable, where the current runs from four to seven miles per hour, making it
impossible to draw up large barges freiglitc<I. It appears to me therefore that a canal and lo<;k
through this point would be indispensable. There are other points in the river besides this, where
the current is from three to five miles per hour, which it would be very desirable to avoid. At
various places along this bank slides have taken place. These slides are caused by the springs
which make their exit near the base of the bank. There are other places again where the water is
deep close in i.horc, as for instance at the widow Taylor's, and below the River k la Oreisse. In the
first case the towing-path, when made, would be liable to be shoved into the river, or else covered
over by the slides ; and in the next, piling would have to be resorted to in order to prevent the newly
fornied bank from sliding into deep water. Where the towing-path is made round a point, it would
have to be faced with a strong protection wall to secure it from abrasion by the current, and from
the force of running ice.

S45. What is the objection against piering or making a solid wall below Pointe au Moulin to
Pointe au Chinette, and then descend by a lock ? — This work being intended to connect Mr. Mills'
prcuected improyemcnts at the Cedars and Cascades, it <vould have to lie carried down to the Pointe
a Couionge. The objection to this plan is its cost. The cost of a solid wall would be enormous,
because we cannot prepare a foundation for it at any reasonable ex))ense, and the wall itself (being
1} miles in length and founded in water at an average depth of 10 feet) would cost a great deaK
A pier of timber cribs loaded with stones would be cheaper, but still it would cost five times as
much ki the irame length of canal on the south alie, taken where the cutting averages six feet in
depth. '

John Jonet, Esq. called in; and Exp'Tiined.

246. You were chairman of a commission appointed to superintend the survey of the St.
I^wrence Canal, and had l)efore you the plans of survey of Mr. Thompson and Mr. Mills;
what was the opinion of yourself and colleagues as to the relative merits of the line of canal
on the north and south sides of the river St. Lawrence ? — By the Act 5th Will. 4, cap, 23,
various portions of the lakes St. Louis and St. Francis and of the river St. Lawrence were directed
to be surveyed under a commission, of which I was chairman The survey was for the purpose
of ascertaining the most eligible route for catial improvements on a scale corresponding with
the canal and locks at Coniwall. The survey of the two lakes was to confided to Mr. A. Larue,
and that of the river to Mr. Henry O. Thompson ; having found that both lakes had sufficient
depth of water, the question next in importance was to ascertain the best route for connecting
them. On the one hand, we had Mr. Mills' plans of a survey on the north side exhibiting three
locations for the contemplated canal, with estimates and reports ; on the other hand, we huA Mr.
Henry G. Thompson's plan of the south channel, also Messrs. Stevenson's and Baird's plans and
estimates of a projected canal, as surveyed for the proprietor of Bcauharnois ; and after bestowing
on these several documents every consideration, my colleagues and myself were of opinion, that
the canal ought to be located on the north side for the following reasons : M'Donald s Point on
the north side afforded a good site in the still water for the entrance of a canal, and admitted of a
good harbour ; our own survey had demonstrated the fact that six miles out of the whole distance
of 14} miles was on really good navigable water, with a margin offering great facilities for a tow-
path ; whereas no portion wnatsoever of the south channel appeared susceptible of being used, and
hence a continuous canal from lake to lake became necessary ; the next point naturally looked to
was Hungry Bay, as the only place at which a canal could enter the lake ; and here again it was
found from Larue's soundings, and other sources of information, that the depth of water waa
iiisudicicnt, consequently all idea of using the south side was abandoned.

VlhUC UORKS (CANADA).

f89

Momliiy, loth Orlolter, lS4-i.
Dnviil TlumipMm, Eic]. iipiiii i-alled in; anil l-lxuniincil.

•J47. Aro you siiHifietitly acqimintt'il witli tlif roiiiilry on IhiIIi sidei* of llio Si. LoMrentf
Utwu'n I^kfH Si. Francis nml Si. I^^iuIh, to cnalilr von to stair on wliii h nitlc llu' |>ro|Hiv4>«l cRiial
for ttvoiilitig llic raiiid* in that |«irt of the rixT would Ik' nioM ndranlnt;roui*ly |ilui'i-<l, with ri'fi-r-
eiicp lo Ihi' CO*!, fltic-iencj- and oerHrity of the work .' — Brine a swrorn Mirvi'yor, I consider iinxlf
Hh under oath, and ui< 8U<-h ithall aimwer. From curly youth to the prr«x-nt, my whole lift- liiiii
twvw '•|H'nt, with soini' inlervnU, in the survey and examination of this eontineiit, from Ijikp St.
Peter and Hudson''* Hay lo the PaciHe Oceim. T" an eye so lonir mid drejvly aecusloined to
the stratum of the formation of any seetion of <-ountrv, it is not neeessjir^- that he should ha\e tin'
level always in his hand. From Ijike St. Fraiieis lo fjike St. IxMiis, a distanre of 14 milon and
i)4 chains, I have very often travelled over it In the year 1k;1!1, Mr. Mills and myself were
t-iniiloyed on the survey, &c. of a line of canal from Lake St. Francis lo Ij\kp St. Louis; Mr.
Mills on the land and myself on the water, with inuluid communications with each oilier, and
confidence in each other. I have often I'ulndy reflected on the cii|mhilities of the north side and
the south side liei-ominj; a puhlic eaiial. its cost, its efficiency and weurity. The survey of IH.'in,
was under the order of the hi);h authority of the legislature of {.ower Canada, anil I am personally
iiequainted with no other survey. The survey of Mr. Mills, confirmed and approved hy Mr.
Wriftht, the celehraled cn(;ineer of the Erie (.'nnal, is before nie ; and to your lionouruMe eoin-
mittee I have to remark, lluit the view of the fbrnialion of a canal, from l.ake Si. Francis to Ijike
St. IxHiis, was then, 18;Ji), founded upon the belief of those enijinoers, that steani-houts, for every
pur|K>se of passaf^e or freijflit, wouhl entirely supersede the use of nil oilier kind of vess<'ls. Time
and experience has proved the contrary ; therefore, the estimates they made for a nuvipation hy steam-
Itoats, offl^ miles in cnnnl and "];,! miles of river, of stroiif; current for steam bonis, is a'failnri ;
iis it is now ueknowicduod that, for vessels of i) fiet water, a contii.uous canal from Lake St. Francis
lo Lake St. Louis is required. Mr. Mills has divided the 1 \ niilis and .j4 eliains into .'i sections,
on which I shall be as brief as |iossililc. The expense of section No. 1, •.' miles IITJ chains, i
locks, (iiV-'It'/- •!.«• "{''• currency; these two locks are of 17 (eel lift. He remarks, "The river im-
provement, as is proposed, interferes with, and will destroy all the improvements which have been
effected by the British Government." Section No. i, from River Koui^e to the Cedars 11 miles.
Of this Bcction Mr. Mills says, " In this distnnre are three points that reipiire notice: Poinle an
Diable, the current, by repeated experiments, n,"„ miles per hour, liir 4u-J fiet; Pointe ii Watlier,
current 4 miles \wx hour ; and Pointe :i Biron, at o miles per hour." He I'onsiders this section well
adapted for steam-boat naviijalion, and adds, " It is worthy of remark, that for nearly the wliolc
length of this section tlie north bunk is from 'Jo to 30 feet high, composed of clay, witfi some veins
of sand, frequently sliding; o9i\n very large bodies, showing the destruction which would Ix- con-
sequenl ujiori conslrueting a canal along near its foot, or upon the top and near its brow." For
heavy loaded vessels, it is fully allowed by all parties, that a continuous canal for these miles
luustbe made; the cutting will be very deep; the cx|>ense, with one lock of 7|';,',', feet lifl, umouiits
to J07,03O/. Ox. tjrf. currency. This part of the canal, for security, must pa.ssl)ehind the houses and
barns, and separate the farms from them ; and lo the above sum must be added the purchase of the
ground for six miles in length by fio yards in width, from nuiiiy individuals, a work ot time and
expense, and several bridges. Section No. ;), 1 mile and 07 chains, cutting across the Cedar Vil-
lage, &c.; by Mr. Mills; the expense is 80,170/. ;i ». .O (/. currency. Section No. 4, from below
Poiiile u Moulin to Pointe Coidoiige, a distance of I mile ai:d (14 chains, with high ruinous banks,
iis section No. 2, and intended for steam-bout navigation, must be a canal of deep cutting, the
ex|)en8e of which will be 04,041/. l'J«. currency, to which must bo added the i>-.irchu.se of
ground, and the bridges, &c. Section No. o, beginning at Pointe a Coulonge and eiding in Luke
St. Louis, a distance of 2 miles '.'jj chains; by Mr Muls; the expense 80,i)0.") /. lo ,< 3</. eurrenc>.
Hence, by Mr. Mills, sections Nos. 1, 3, and 5, miles and 70 chains, at an expense iif
23o,78'J/. 3/1. '-'if/, currency. No estimate for the purchase of grouiul, &c. Sections No. 'J and
No. 4, 7 miles and 04 chains, deep cutting, •M'i,n\ I. 18 ,i. d. currency. Total, .j'27,U."i4 / I jt. Ri f/.
•Mirrcncy. For sections Nos. 2 and 4, no estimate for the purchase ofgrouiid, &f. By Mr. Mills
bringing sections Nos 1 and 3 into the river, they occasion cuttiii;^ to the depth of .'lo feet on sec-
tions Nos. 2 and 4. By Mr. Mills, sections Nos. 1, ;l, and 5, require .'>1.'5,177 cubic yards of em-
bankment in the river, exposed for 5 months lo drift ice ; therelbre not secure nor efficient. But,
throwing aside the fallacious view of steam-boat navigation lor 7 miles, 04 chains, and from Ijike
St. Francis to Lake St. Louis make a continuous canal, without entering the river ; the levels cum Im:
regulated to save half the deep cutting of .sections Nos. 2 and 4. The estinuite for the eanal may
then be : —

£. ». d.
Sections Nos, 1, 3, and 5- - - - - - - . -! 23j,782 a i\

Sections Nos. 2 and 4 I J52,22I 8 2J

To this must be added the purchase of ground, 1 4 miles .j4 chains in
length, by 00 yards in width, equal to 404 square French ar)K-nls ; taking
into consiucration the ex))ense, arbitration, &c. of ground, each ari)ent
will cost on an average 12/. 10 » currency •-.-.-

For IS bridges, each about 1 mile distant from each other, at 1,000/.
j)cr bridge - ..........

388,003 11 S

0,050 - -
22,u00

415,j53 11 fic>.

I very much doubt if any contractors will take the dirtcrent sections at the estimates. On the
south side of the river the only objection is the entrance from Lake St. Francii*, between Cat
Island and the south shore, of which 1 made a survey and soundings in November 1831). The water

f^l

I'APKIIS RELATIN(i TO

nil

«ii- proliiil.U lIm)"! llir.i- (itt l.it,'li«r lliiiii ii'iw. Hy lliv |)lun Wfore you, litis riitmiire can lie
niiih rid -iitc iit ;ill tiim-. imil llii' iiii|iriivfiiiirit |Mriii;iii(rit. I liav.- |>ii~>.(l "Hrr iiupsI .if tlio
irr.Mitiil oil llir wmlli ^llllr<■. iiiiil iilwiivs uiliiiiri'il tlic oiisy coiiMriiclion ■>( u ciiiiiil. it* .«<'<iirily iunl
.Hii ii'iirv ; 'HI ilia! ^ill.■ it i» Ircr Ir.iiii (■iiiliaiikiiinil^, and ntlur rlianicH nfdiM'av rci|uiriiiK frcquont
r<|>air». ' III III) vif«, u raiial nii tlir mhiiIi i-lii>r<' may lie roiiHtrucUd, in » Jintl-ruU' iimiiiitr, umler
•.'411,110(1/. <uri'iii<\ ; lull I li»M ii'i |)riii III 111 iliila In sjo on.

ii4«. llavr yim 'ixaniinrl tlu' liottoiii of llit- riviT in llii> fliuniioU In'tHcrii Griwsi' Point hiiU Ule
MUX ChaL-, am'l ilVu. wlial kimi oClmUoni i.< it .'—The uouiiJiiiK''* sliow it t" Ih" rock «'/» $itu, or tlie
orilinurv rock oftlic counlrv, willi loow Ixiuldcrs on it

241». "Have yim am crtaiiiwl what i|uaiitily of rock it will Ik- necessary to remove to make the

lianni I ? — I liave not. , ^ • 1 1 ■ 1

•J.'io. Will llic riiiioval of llu' liouMcrs make the clianncl suffieicBtly ^eep witliout rciiiovmi; part
of tlic rock ?--No; in niv opinion, it will not. , /. ■ 1

•J.'il. How many yanU niii>t !»■ rciiiovcil to i;ivc a i;lmniii'I of tun (ei-l deep, and what would be
tlic co!-l of ilie saii'ic'.'— Tlli^ cliamiil Iiiij* li slioaU tliat reijiiire to be dee|H'iie(l. I have allowe<l to
each ^hlml a snlTirient space, and dividid ihem into their scpinite cnhMilations; collectively, the
quantity of rock to lie excavated is fiM,.J"0 cubic yards; the exiU'iifA- 1 1,477 /. currency ; to which
add Iv; |K'r nnl. for conlinjtencies, eiij.'iiioeriii':, &<•., the sum toUilis 12,Kj4 /. 4 ». curn^iicy. Thb is
only an upproxiinalion for want of a i-uHicient data.

•.'.■)•.'. What is the nature of ill'' lioltoni of the liver for a mile above Orossc Point, iind would it
afford |{ood uncliorane .'— Heini; alluvial, I think it would-

•2-.;l. Are you in the eniployMieiit of the Hoard of Works .'—I am. I received orders on the 32(1
of Au(;iist last to sound the slioaU in the Ijichiiie Canal j since which time I consider myself in the
tniplovment of the Board. _ ^

'Jot'. Is voiirton Henry in the employ iiieiil of the Hoard of ^^ orks, and if so, how lonj; has he
Ixeii so eniploytd .' He "was sent for ei'irhl or ten (hiysajiio.by Mr. Holmes, to lie employed in the
office of the Board of Works.

•,'.").'». Would it nnl li(^ possible, liy a slijjht variation of the line of survey on citiier side, to odd
HlMi,iioo or l,iMMj,i)(iu of yards of excavation ? — Yeij, it would.

Ont!. What will excaMitioM of roek, ei;;lit (eet under water, cost per yard, say limestone rock ?—
Liniesloiie rock, in thin strata, may be worked at I ,«. (!(/. iH>r cubic yard, and if in thick strata
may reipiire o-i. per cubic yard ; alsoi rock from the surface to eight feet deep in the water may be
worked at less expense per cubic yard lor l.OUO yards than forlOO yards: the average may be 3 «. rf.
to 4;i. per cubic vard.

•J."j7. The scale of the work proposed by Mr. Mills, for the river line, being larger than tiie scale
adopted tiir the Beauharnois line, "ha! would be the difference of expense between these scales for
the river line, on the (lata furnished liy Mr. Mills' report? — The very short time allowed me to
answer this ipieslioii, wljicli involves tedious calculations, gives, on Mr. Mills' estimate, on section
No. I, a reduction of(i,7,')4 /. '.».«. currency; on .seelion No. 3, a reduction of (!,Orj-J /. IM.*. 10;/. cur-
renev ; on section No. o, fr;im the loo low estimate of rock excavation on tliis sei.'tion, I have
placed it at its probable low vulii« , and balancing this addition with the reduction of scale, find a
balance of addition to section No. .j, of I, lit-.'/. 8«. 7il. currency. The bcctions of Mr. Mills, by
approximation, are :

Section No. 1

— No. 3

— No.

£. ,1. d.
(I-.>,4oJ lo (I
73,.J-'3 !) 7
«7,u88 3 1(1

£. i'J3,o(17
'J3i-).-B2

nil reduced to Benuliarnois Canal.
3 2 on the scale of Mr. Mills.

Difference

- £. 1 -2,2 14 14 3 of reduction.

a.')**. W^onld such a eniuil afford corresponding advantages with the Beauharnois Canal ; if not,
what additional expee.ses would be necessary to make it afford corresponding advantages? — The
intention of this (lueslion appears to be, whether a tow-path on sections No. 2 and No. 4 cannot be
made safe towing-paths for vessels of burthen, and at what expense. Time does not permit rae to
make the calculations necessary to give a dear viiiw of the expense of a tow-path. On Mr. Mills'
section No. 2, of six miles in distance, from River Rouge to the Cedar Village ; in this distance
the river descends 7 feet 7 inches, which descent has to be overcome by a lock of 3 feet lift, in
the canal, cutting 1 li> yards across Poinic a Diablc. 2d. Pointe i Wattier; a lock of 2 feet lift,
ii the canal, to be cut 'hroiigh this poiuf.of 120 yards in length. 3d. Pointe a Biron; a lock of
•i'. feet \H\ in the oaiii'.l, of '.20 yiirds in Iciisrlh, to be cut through this point. Each of these points
with all the necessary works, may be estimated to average 5,000/. each to 10,000/. currency. For
the two-path, the far greater part from River Roii'gc to the Cedar Village will reciuire a well-driven
pile every lo feci, on llie outside of lli^ path, which I jiroposc shall be of 3-inch plank, and 8 feet
ni width, restinif upon 3 sl'.'epeis; each i.iile may cost about 800/. ciirrein'y per mile to 4,800 cur-
rency. Thus tlie Cost of these (1 miles will be 10,800 curri'iicy ; and section No. 4, a distance of
I mile and (14 chains, with a good |>laiik tow-p.'h, may cost 1,100/. currency. Total 20,900 /. cur-
rency. Il niiisl be remembered tills tow-path of7 "miles inid 04 chains is at the foot of high
ruinous banks.

Mr. ,//f.r Slrrrnmii, Surveyor and Civil Engineer, called in ; and Examined.

An*, to Qut» 1. — I reside at Rouvillo Mountain, and am a land surveyor and civil engineer
2M). Did you survey the south shore, opposite Cotoau du Lac. with the view to the construct-
inu' a canal connecting Lake St. Francis with Lake St. Louis, and have yon any additional infor-
mation offer to the eoinmittee on tlii:, subject, relative to the entrance, or" construction, or
ciimimralive e;;i;ciise between the north and south shore ? — I did survey the south shore in the
montiis of Septt niber and October, in 1834, from M'Pherson's Point, looking out into Lake St.
Francis, down to the foot of the intervening rapids, to the little cove at Couvillou's, looking into

Lake

'^^

prBMC WORKS (rWADA).

*5t

Ijiko St. I^iiic. tliroin^'li |>h-. f of tin scipnion- ol' Hoiiiilinnioi^, with n viiw <if cKristrnrrin^ :«
iinvi-.ililr rsniil tMtwcin tlic-r tw.i lakpn. Willi rr-i>ccf (« tlii> lowtT cnlnimT. tlicrr nn' two fnlhciniH
ol'driilli ol wiilir. froiii till' iMlniiici' to till' ImrlMinr iit tlip vijliip- of Hcaiiiisinioi-, up aloi.j; tlir
thr coimt in hike Ht. }a<\w. nil the whv to ('onvillon'x; and llicrr but littli' projoctioii of pi,.r> will
Ix' tiiitticiint to L'liiircl it iiuiiiii^l injurv from ice or niiy Htoriii from the norlli or north-oinii ; il,c
iiortli-«p-t wind liaviiic I" t'lo" a<To->< n very "tnini; inrrcnl, ciiii ncTrr hnvr mmli iffcrt n|)on
work- i(>ii»lrM( !i'd al llii> pliiii ; llic west and ^mth-wcl, none «l all. Tlir line oftlii;' canal, from
otip j-xtrcinitv to tin' otlit-r. if Imt 1 1 } miles ilmnn^li llic pronml, llic ni.wt adiaiitap-oiw pokriihii to
rncnrc ilnniiiilitv ami cliiMiinnHt <if i'oii''trilc(ioii ; and from tlir little rove, iinniriliatelv aliove
M'Thei^on'" Point, at I,i lio'iir- fanii out into tlie ojieii lake, to aliove tin (iRinde I'oiiite or
I/in^rni I'oinle, in a diidi line, at iilioiil inid-eliaiiiH I, tin -iiiiiidiiio« are, iMiniinnieinjr at ilo feet
from «liore, IK, l.'i, }'2. and n feet, op a ricf opjmvite tlie lower I'lid of NIe aux Cliat- ; tlien •.'<, IH,
13, nnd H feel, to a reef nppo-ile (lie middle of NIe aux {'liiit<, and oiipi»ite llie point lulow
I/onc Point; tlien 1-.', If-, -'o, -JJ ; and oppo-ite I.on^f Point in the onirip, wlieic llie eountcr-
furrenlK make tlie water ripple very nineli, there is ."to feel water; tliii iilaee (Saranae") i-i
oompli t-ly land-loekid. and well defendid aniiin«t all winds, i \eept tlie »oiilli-west, wliieli, lieiiij{
in the •'amp direi'tion as the eiirrenl, i-an never make any swell to ohstnn t or injure the workn, or
impede the safe iiaviiriitioii of the eluinnel ; in fart, it is one of the liest harhonrs to he found nny-
where Mjioii the St. Ijiwrenee or lakes. As to the i-omparative expense of loiistruetini; a eaiial on
the suiith or north sides ol the nipids, I am not s(, «,.|| pn pared to slate partieulnrly ; I have teen
Mr. Mills' re|iorl and rstiniate, and from what ktiowledi;e I have of llmt >-ide of the lounlry, I
must say that I eannot either appio\e uf tli, roiili eh. .-en liy that centleman, or his manner of
termiiiiiiinu: his priiintioii at rillier extnvii'ly ; and thn. I riii'„' one mile and over, of (lifference of
distanee. all other (iirililies liein>; eons'dered, I really lielieve the canal ran he (or i-oiiid Iinve heen)
eonstrneted ahout at aljout 100,0(10 /, less cost on llie soiiili side tlian on the north, und lie much
more permniieiit and convenient in the former ease than in tin' latter.

200. For whom was such survey made ? The alKive survry was made at the joint instance of
the t'onimissioners of Lower Canada (iir improvini; tlie ■;:;'. i^^alion lalween the two Provinces, and
Mr. Kllice, the latter of wlioni paid me through his atrents at Montreal and Heaulianiois.

2(>1. What is the position ot the place you call " Siranac .'" — The m<iutli of the intended eamii.

2(12. Is your estimate based on the siinposifion that the oottom of the ehannel is rock, anil if so,
what kind of rock ?- Trajistone, othenvise called grey waclie.

2()3. What would it cost peryaril to excavate such rock as you desrrihi', <'it;lit feet underwater .'
12 •''■. ii(/. per -'ubic yard.

2(14. Did you make a personal exnminution of the three lines on the north side of llio river? — I
did not.

Aii-f. to Qiirs. 2').1. — I am not.

Aim. til Qiies. 2.")1. - 1 do not think it would be 2oo yards. The latter part of the(|ueslion I have
already iinswered.

2(i.">'. Vou state in your answer to No. 25U, that the canni on the south side will eoet 1 00,l)UO /.
less than on the north ; were the estimates upon whieli you fornieil your opinion made by yourself,
from surveys made by you, or upon informalion received from other |)ersoiis ? — Tin y were not
made from surveys of my own, but from inv fjeneral '.nowirdfji' ol'llie "leolopy of the country, and
of the existence of two river.", one of which would be exceediufily difficult to cross ; there arc
also about (bur miles of roek on the up))rr end of the iiorlli side, which would be very liard
euttinir.

W. It. Cai>pii, Es(|. apiin called in ; and Kxamined.

200. Will you state the works that you have been employed on as anenjjineer? — As sub-
assistant eiiijiiieer on tlie German-town and Philadelphia nailway and the New York Croton
Waterworks, as assistant eiifiineer on the Lonp Island Railroad; aid also on the Clniinlily (.'aiiul,
for five o: six months in I^n-l, and as ciiief eiifiineer on the railway from St. tlohn's to I^prairie,
from the eominencement to the eoniplctioti thereof; I have also made numer-ms surveys, both as
assistant and chief engineer, in various parts of Upper and Lower Canada, and several of the
United States.

207. In what state were the works of tlie Cliambly Canal when you left it? — In an unfinishbij
state.

208. What was the occasion of your leaving that eaiial ? — Because my services were not rctpiircd
duriii); the winter, and in the following spring I was employed on the railroad ; I was not however
required to return to the canal.

201). When were the works on the canal resumed ? — I do not know, but two of the commissioners
applied to nie in 1«;18 to take charge of the canal, in case money could be procured to go on with
the work.

270. Are you aware of the confused state in which the works on tlie canal were then left; and
do you know that a large account is now pending between the comniissioiiers and the contruclors ?
—I do.

271. Are you aware that the contractors are now putting forth claims to the amount of mure
than 20,000?. for extra work which they say you authorised? — I authorised no extra work, lieing
only assistant engineer, and I do not know the amount of the claim now made.

272. Have you been examined before the arbitrators sitting upon the claim above mentioned?—
I was examined about three weeks ago.

27H. What was the purport of your examination ?^The )irincipal object I proved was, that the
embankment and protection wall, at the upper end of the canal, were to be considered prineipi'ly
as extra work.

27->. Did the contractors found any claims on your evidence ? — Yes; they brought forward my
letter sitting that a large portion of this work was done under my superintendence, as assistant
engineer.

275. Dt you understand that the contractors based a large portion of these claims upon irregular
orders given by the engineer and assi.tant -engineer? -Some portion is based on irregular orders
given by Mr. Hopkins, the chief engineer, but the chief item was agreed to by the commissioners

595- R2 also;

is^'

132

PAPERS RELATING TO

1 5

■'. ti

i(> of tlir uppiiiiitiiioiit 3'uu held on tlio Clianil<ly Canal, had you anytliini^ to do
Its or roiitnictii ? — I liad iiot)iiii); to do with the coiitniL'ts ; 1 aidrd in r.mkiiig up

iil»«; uny orders fr'iwu liy !ne were aiithurifcd liy th<,' thief i'ii>{iii<-er, hut the contmrlors hold 4
frienilly'lett<T from me, litatini; that I coiisidercHl them entitled to additional com|>eii!t«tion.

27(1.' When wa» that letter written ? — In the autumn of Im;I'»,

•-•77. What do you mean by a friendly letter ?— A letter to aid them in obtaining a ifrant of
money to fulfil their cn<]^euienlA and eomplete the eanal.

27H. Were vou in the cniploymeni of the (.'linnihly Canal Commissionern when you wrote that
letter ? — No; it wan nearly a year after I left the eanal.

2711. Hid you consider at tlie time you pave the letter ull'ided to, thit the eontrartom were justly
and hon<iitly"entitle<l to the money .'—Yes; I eonsidered them entith-d to a large |>ortion of the
20,000/. for extra work ; but there was a great deal of the work to lie performed under rontraet,
whieli remained unfinished.

2M0. You slJite that two of the eomini^sionerH applied to /onto take <'hartfe of the work ; was this
application made after or before the etter in question was written ?— The upplicaliun was inuile iti
the summer of I8:)N, nearly three yt 'rs after the letter was written.

2H1. Have you been desirous ofolitainini; employment under the Board of Works ? — Yrs.

2H2. Do you know of anv application to that effect having been made to the ehainnan of the
Hoard?— Yes; I l«'!ieve tlie Honourable Peter M'Gill, who was chairman of the eiunmissioners
on the rnilrond of whicli I had charge, laid my name iR'fore the I'hairnian of the Board of Works,
IIS did also the Honourable Mr. Hatt, who was chairman of the Commissioners of the ( hainbly
Canal, when I was employed on it.

2H3. What answer did you receive to those op|ilieations .' — None.

2H4. Have you received any employment from the Board of Works, in consequence of those
applii:atinn8 ( — I have not.

280. Were the ('ommissioners who applied to you to return to the Clinmbly Canal aware that you
had written the letter alluded to .' — They were.

2H(!. In virtue
with the accounts or contracts .' — I bad nothing to do witl'. the contracts; 1 aiilea in making up
the monthly estimates.

287. Did you ever give any orders while employed on the Chambly Canal, except by order of,
and thrcMigh, the principal ? — No.

28H. What will it cost per yard to excavate rock (say limestone rock) eight feet under water? —
1 have known rock in a tunnel ost ^ 5 a yard, and I sfiould think that with coffer dams this would
cost quite e.s much.

980. Can the rm.'k he excavated without coffer dams? — I suppose it could.

200. Do you consider the bottom, which would have to be excavated, as loose rock or continuous
rock ? — I do not know.

201. Have you bad much experience in removing rock under water? — Not much.

202. Have you ever removed any rock under water ? — I have not.

20a. Have vou ever used the patent fuse and patent cartridge, which now so much facilitate work
of that nature : — No, I have not.

204. In comparing the cost of remo\;ng close rock with that of tunnelling, what is tin- com-
parative cost of removing rock in a close tunnel with *hat of open quarry? — About four to five
time!! the amount.

2O0. Were you employed by Mr. Simpson and Mr. Harwood to survey the line of a canal 011
the north side, and do you consider that you have furnished them with the proper estimates, surveys
and professional dafn, to commence the said canal ? — I was employed by them, but I have not
furnished them with those things.

20(1. What do you consider then is the precise value of the information that you furnished to
Mr. Simpson and Mr. Harwood ? — That the difference in the cost of the canal on the two sides can
be hut a fraction of 100,000/. in fiivour of the south line.

207. What do you mean by a fraction of 100,000/.? — £. 30,000 /. or 40,000 Z.

208. When you gave that opinion, had you not estimated for a canal of less dimensions on the
north side, than that conimeticcd on the south ? — Yes.

200. State distinctly whether you have made a full and detailed estimate of what it would cost
to make a canal on the north side of the river? — I have not.

aoo. Are there not several items of great importance connected with the construction of tlic
canal on the north side, which you have not a.scertained ; I allude part'('"'"r!_, ;». Jlie excavation
under water at the eastern entrance ?— The first lock will be so arranged at to clear the rock in the
bed of the river, and all deep cutting under water; I did not sound at the eastern entrance, but
Mr. Hnrwood did, and his soundings corresponded with those of Mr. Keefer.

301. Is the ninp of the ravine line, submitted by you, correct?— The map is not correct, but tho
profile is.

302. Are the sections ofthe banks of ti e rivers correctly laid down o 1 the profile ? — They are.
!i03. Would not the incorrect manner n which the ravine is laid do » .1 in the plan, mislead the

eonimittec as to its eligibility to a certain extent?- 1 think not; there would be no objectionable
curves.

304. Docs not the incorrectness tend to shorten the distiince ? — No, it does not.

.•lO.j. State the reasons why you have not correctly laid down the course of the ravine, on the
nipp? — I had uptime to spare, and thought it could have no bearing whatever, worthy of notice, on
the question at issue.

300. Do you consider it a jirofessional course to send in a map, esi>ccially in a disputed case like
the i^ircsent, admitted to be incorrect?— I think it of no imi)orta7iee, wlieutlie incorrectness bus no
btarmg on the question at issue.

307. Is not the incorrectness in the laying down of the line ofthe canal proposed?— It is.

Alls, to Qiien. 25r). — It would.

Qim. 308. By a diligent eeareh might not a better line be found on the north side than that
surveyed by you ?— The line could be improved at various points.

300. Do you know whether the Ho lourablc Messrs. M'Gilland Hatt received any reply to their
iiliplicatiou III your favour from the I'oard of Works ?— I do not.

.•110. .Were the inaccuracies in the >. Ian made with any particular view, and if so, state the object?
— They were on account of want of time.

311. What

/J-t

ITBIJC WORKS (CANADA).

'.r-?

.111. WliRt III tlir olijrrt of niukint; the rnvinc n|ipriir iirrfi't'tly Mrni^ljl on \he mnii. «liiii vmi
liMvi' jiiKt pointiMl it out with your Kui;rr to Im- ijuitc circuitnu!' .' — I iliil not know wlncli wy v tlip
rurvia nin. I liuvc nlliuUKl to tliii fully in my rr|Mirt.

;(1'J. Vou xtiiti' tinit tlif niii|i«Hs nuKlc contniry to your own »i>li; liy whose dcftirt' was it niadr ?
— Hy (lii<ir<' ot' Mr. HarwiKxl; I connicltrcd a nmp ([uito unncTc^wiry in the <-a*v.

Jiilin Jiin's, l'>i|. n^in cuIIimI in; uiiil KxainiuiHl.
•3I>1. Dill you in your roniurks, intend thi' eonunittre to undcrstiin i Jiai you Hpufovi

' Mr.

Mills' wntrr rontp throughout .' — Xo; Ik-i'uu>p in tiiut ]M)rfion lictHcfn I'ointc uu Mouiin a, il Pni.'tr
au Coulon(;r Mr. Mills rci'iiianieuds \iiat the river should he nsi-d.

"it. Was the lower i>Hrl of the route, that is, from I'ointe au >[oulin to I'ointc au «,'ouloiij;r,
recommended liy Mr. Mills, found, on exainination, to atlord snlficicut water, and to !«• otherwise
liracticalile for such a canal us lie |iro[ii>seil ; or was not that pari of his route condemned liy ytmr
<'i>nimission .' — It was condemned liy tlirm, there not lieiut; sutticieni water.

III.'). How (hi ynu conceive that difficultv could Ih' oliviated, and what other route do you pro|ios(<
iu lieu thereof/ — I projiosed a route liy lormiii); u canal liy endiunkment on the mur<:iii of the
river.

H\n. Do you mean the committee to understand that the canal on the n<irlh shore should lie con-
tinuflus inland .'—I do not ; we adopted Mr. Mills' line fnun the Cedars u|m'ards.

ni7. Do you think it should lie inland from the Cedars / — I do; that is, along the mur(;in of tiM'
river, cuttinf; through the points.

.liN. Was the survey considered in such a state a.s to afford your commission the means of deter-
mining its truth nnd correctness ; and did your commission ever report on the subject ? — Our com-
niiijsion never reported, because the survey was not completed.

Tiiefdatf, lull October ! ^^^i.
Samiiel Keifer, \'m\. nguin called in; and Examined.

.lilt. Did you receive instriictioiiH from the Board of AVorks to survey the line of canal on tlie
poiitli side of the river ? — I did.

320. Were your instructions iu writinij?— No, they were not.

.121. Did you receive onltrs to survey the difl'erent lines on the nor''' s>de? — I rereived orders
only to survey a particular line on that side; the line sup^... ;•.".'. iiy Mr. Ilarwood.

.122. Were the directions, bo given to you, in writing .' — They were not.

32.1. Produce the plan nnd estimate of your surscv on the south side of the river ?—( HV/mm*
srleetedthe doruments ht (jufntiotifrom tlwfe already before the committee.)

234. State the time you received your instructions to survey the north and south lines of canal?
— With respect to the south side, I received instructions sometime in January la»t to make a preli-
minary examination with the former surveys in my hand, tint not to nuike a survey.

32.''). Is there no entry iu the lumks of the office by whiidi you can inform the committee of the
date of your instructions? — There is no such entry.

32(1. Did you make a report to the Board of Works after vour preliminary survey? — I did.

327. Was that report in writing; if so, produce it? — (iFiViifiw referred the committee to hi»
report alreadi/ before them )

32H. Was the report you have now produced approved of; and did you receive further instruc-
tions ? — It was approved of at the time, but I did not receive further instructions imfil i-.bout the
2«th or 21st of June last.

329. Were the instructions you recel""'' on the 20tli June last in writing ?— They w->rc not ; my
instructions were to examine a portion of the line which the engineer in charge was to have laid
out ; to sec if the same was correct, in order to afford employment for the eniigmnts who were then
arriving in great numbers.

330. When did vou receive your iiistnictions to survey and estimate the whole line of the
Beauhnrnois Canal .' — On the 19. h July I received instructions fr "n the chairman to run a proof
level through the line, for the purpose of ascertaining if all was rij,nt ; but it was not until about
the 1st of August thai I received directions, verbally, to survey and establish the whole line.

331. When did you commence the survey, under the instructions of the 1st of .Vngust ! — Im-
mediately.

332. When did you complete the survey ? — It is yet inc'omplete ; it w ill lake the engineer who
is now in charge nliont two months to i.'oniiiletc it. The line and the coin]ilction of the section in
the centre has l.'cen effected, which is sufficient to base an estimate of the prolmbh' cost of the
work. That section and estimate is before the Committee ; lint the further survey retirred to is
merely to lay out tht work for practical operations.

333. When was your estimate for the south side completed ; and when was it laid before the
Board of Works? — It was completed on the 1st October, and submitted to the committee, the
chairman of the Board of Works not being here.

334. Was your estimate examined and approved of bv any member of the Board, picviousiy to
its being submitted to the cominittre; and if so, name tlie memlier or memiiers who exuiniiied the
same ? — It was not submitted to any member of the Board, but I made it out in a particular ibrm,
for the information of the committee, and conceived myself obliged to submit it to them, without
waiting for the return of the cbairmnn.

330. Did the president or any of the members of the Board of Works attend you, afier or
belbre you. survey, over the line on the south or north side ? — They did not attend me, except that
the chairman accompanied me over the most important jiart of the line rn the south Kide.

330. Was your estimate based on the supposition that the bottoni ^C the channel at the western
enlrnnce on liie south side, was rcjk .' — Boulder stones, nnd not solid rock.

337. What would il cost per cubic yard to excavate the rock, if solid ror< be found at th
entrance of the canal, for the p.irpose of forming a channel 10 feet deep ? — Ai..^''* 1 /. a cubic
yard.

595. R 3 338. Did

'34

PAPERS t^elatiny; to

i: II

J ;?

3n«. Dill yon tnl<r nny rncnni to n»(>« rfiiin tlin imliirf of the Ixrttom of the river bi tlic »r»ttrii
pntrnr.f, iiiu'lorttic lioiililifH ?- V">, I ili<l IK''-

n:)li. Dill you .viitiiiiM' lli.' tir-l m. .iji.ii troiii M'PliPrKon'rt Point, by Urinjf ; ami wiint wiw the
natiirr of lh<' trroiiiiil .'—I 'ii'l, t.y 'iiikini; a dhiirt in two plH<<«., and found clsy mid Ijoiildcr* in
tlif iiro|)orlioii?< niintioniil in inv c'tinrHl*'. • , ,

;)40. Dill villi, tr.irii tlmt <\:iiniiiiiliMii. con-iiliT timt it iinlicatcd tlic imlurc ol llic l)oit.v,ii in tin-
cliiiimcl .' — To ;i rcrtiiin cxtciil. I ronccivi' it did. , • i •

■.HI. Wliiit iirr wnir trrouuil- for mviii;; lli:it liii'rc in no wilid rork «illiin In /irt. in tlic cliHiincl
brtwtin rtiiirtlor'l. I'oinI iiiiil T-lf aiix ( "11111' ?— I lomvivi' the s)iiil>< hIhVIi I sink nl Cliartier'*
Point, u'ivc sonic yi mnil indiiiition oi' tin- iliiinnils ; iind in the ronr-o of takini; tlic •.oandincp
rciHirlcd on the i hurt. I took llic piiin-, wlicn soiindin;: in ci;:lif t'rcl water, liy means of a irradu-
atpil \.o(.,!»n rod, ol' li ilinir tlii> nature of llie (loftoin ; iind from tlmt I roncluded that llu- bottom
immediatelv under thi' ciudif lii t sonnilini?" "as comiio«ed of a inasa of ImiuMit Mi„nes, varying
from HI to 4" eiibie (ect in size, lietHecii wliieb i eoiild thrust down llic' rod. und in seven feet water
i could n'c llu III, but of tbi' iiMlure of the bottom below those boulder sfoiu'S, I have no positive
information • hut I conceive, if thev were cleared away, it would matter little what the bottom wax
c(un|i4)«ed of The method in «liic'li 1 ascertained the nature of the bottom of ilii' ehannel was, by
rxamiiiintf in passin;; up while I was tiikiiifr soiindin;;s, and lii'dinff with the rod in several |>hicos,
us alrcadv mcnlioiied.

!)■!•.'. VV'liat do vou thin'', it would cost per cubic yard to blast siicli r'.ck am boidderas you think
is ill the ehannel ?— About . I. «. per cubic yard.

34:). D'd vol! make voiir cstiiuales, submitted to this committee, from your ovv original
rouirh cstiiiuitis. Id niiet' th'' form of ipiestion submitted by this eoinmillee, or di'' you make
them, iilii r von (;ot that (|U("-lioii, from other sources of infonrratioii .' — I did not make the
estimate liir the north side, viiliiiiitled to the coinniittce. fiom orit;iiial roui;h estimates, but
made il to mi it the tiuiii of (|Ucsiiiins submitted by th<> committee, from my own survey of July
iasi, tiikeii ill comievlon with .'i portion of the survey made by Mr. Mills in IM.IM, i.t'whiidi 1 made
the seclioii at that lime. Willi nierence to the south side, I did not make up my estimate sub-
mitted !o ihe eoinmillee Irom oriirinal roii).di estimates, but from the survey, which I had only com-
phted a few davs before I was siimmonc'i by the committee. I depended upon no other sources of
infuriiiation than those njcnlioiied.

344. When did you complete you plan and estimate of the north side? — I completed the plan
and rou^h islimiite" of ;!,sii,(ioo/. of Mr. IJiirwootl's line, which I was sent lo survey, on the 6th
July last.

;)4."i. From what survey did y lu compile the estimate for a canal on the; north side which you
prrpaicd lor the i.iHiriuation of the committee .' — In order to meet the views of the committee, and
give them the iiitiirination desi.'ed in their questions, I threw aside Mr. Ilarwood's line, and stdected
what I considered the best and cheapest route to be found on the north side for a continuous inland
canal, whii'h 1 coueeived the best line that could be selected between the two lakes.

34(1. When was your final islinuite of the line you surveyed on the north side completed and
presented to the Board of Works ? — It was completed on the 1st ()ctobcr,and submitted at once to
theeoininittee, in the abseiic of the chairnian of the Board of Works.

347. Was tliat estimate onipleted by information acipiired by yoiirelf personally, or from in-
formation obtained from o' tiers .' — From inlijrmation acquired by Jiyself personally, for that derived
from Mr. Mills' survey I had n personal knowledge of mysel.", having assisted him in that surve^.

34H. Was your estimat •, so made, ever approved of by the Board of Works ?— It has been ap-
proved of since it wiissu'niitled to the eoinmittee.

34U. Did you sink shi .ts on the north side, and if so, how many ? — I did not; I have attached
FUeh prices to the quanii ies in the estimate as would |ierform the work if the whole of it should
prove the same im is ind cated l>y external ap|iettronees. The quantity of rock in the estimate is
taken from the shafts sun i by Mr. Mills in 1833.

3.-(0. .'-hoiild the hottoi ) of the ehaiiiiels at the western entrance, on the south side, turn out to
be solid rtiek, would the runal not require to be protracted to Grosse Point? — No, by no means,
beeaust^ the solid rock can lot l«! within 10 feet of the surface, according to my knowledge of the
situation, so that there wo \ld be no necessity for carrying the canal to Grosse Point, particu-
larly ns the space between he shoal and Gro'sse Point vanes from 1'2 to 20 ieet in depth.

3S1. What appointment d > you hold in the Board of Works? — Engineer to the Board, and, aa
«uch, head of the engineerin}; denartnient.

SoU. Was the decision deiermiiied upon by the president of the Board of Works, regarding the
line of canal, tbuiided on your estimates, surveys, and reports ? - I have every reason to believe that
the e.inirinun has been influenced by my representitiong. I um not competent to say whether they
exclusively influenced his di'cision.

3,'i3. W hat are the committee to understand bv your statement, that the survey for the south side
is not yet completed, yet that yon made your estimates from your own survey, completed only since
you came to Kingston ? — The estimate was made from my established line, and the levels taken
n|X)n the centre, which are sufficient to afl'ord a near approximation of tlie actual cost. The survey,
BO far as relates to the centre line, was completed some time last month ; but, inasmuch as all the
cutting stakes and out slope stakes for the hank are not yet placed, the survey cannot be said to be
completed, because all those levels must be taken Iwfore we can determine the actual quantities
to be removed.

354. It has been stated to this committee that a tow-path can be made from the western entrance
of the locks, at Coteati du Lac, to the steam-boat landing ; what is your opinion of thot fact, and
its probable cost ? — The towing-path can undoubtedly be made ; but it would answer no practicable
purjHisp whatever, w hen done, excejit for drawing up the present small craft which navigate the
'iver, partially loaded. The fall here in 2 { miles is 8 i feet, ond the current runs from four to
-ever, miles per hour, so that for the large class of vessels that will navigate the Cornwall Canal, it
would be of no service. The • A-ing-path, to accommodate adraught of 10 feet water, would have
to he carried out into the -^ ■ er some distance, or else a channel must be sunk under water near
shore. For the want uf sufficient soundings on this part of the river, I will not attempt io jpve
the committee an estimate of the probable cost.

355. Wliat

/i-a

I'l'BLlC WORKS (CANADA).

'J5

3.^.>. WIml «li> vou ciMiwivf it woulil r<>»t I" iiiske u cliiitim-l tVoiii llio wf-drn rnlniiKi of ihr
look, ut CotfMii (ill Ijir, (i> llic HtcHnihoHl liiiidint; Ml Colcnii ilii IjiC inili]Hii<lt'iil «( llic tiiu-;Milli,
for lioaU (lrawin(> lo firt water ? — For the roHiMiim rontaiiit'ii in the lii.-t iin<«cr, I rariiiot uib»«i'r
thiiqueittiuii.

ns /. WLat workii hiivr yoii l«'<'ii i'iii|iloyotl iiimmi, and in what . a|M«oil_v were _v<m -o tiii|>loyt'<l .' —
I (•omniniiTtl my i'nt;iiiroriii}; us riMl-iiiiiii, on llic Wclliuiil Cariiil. 14 or l.")yi'ar» ai;o ; I »ii« ath'r-
wants as-iislaiit I'lininccr on lljc <'i)rnwiill Canal lor ^i\ yiars, wliicli i-i llic rMcnl oC my cx|M'ririict>
until I WHS cmpluvcil li ,• llic Hoard of Works

:).')7. WlicriMlid von ulilain your prolissional fducation .' — By i x|icriimc on the piiltlic work*
wliicli I have mcntioiico'

Tlie Hononmlil« //. H, Killali/, a Member of the House and Cliairniun of llie Hoard of Work*,

called ill ; and K(aiiiined.

XW. In your reiH)rt of the 1st <\ii(;iis' laul, rt'ferred to the (•ouiiiiittce, and which hus heel, piih-
lislied, yonalhide to sundry surveys and estimates made hy parlies therein iiiiiiicd. and to your
{jeiiendaeqimintanee with the coniilry and nature of the strata; will yon inloriii the coinmitlec
whether yon liavt; personallv exainiiied holh sides of the river, willi a view to the loeutiuii of the
canal; aiid if so, when ?--t have re|iciiledly, durini; the last line e or four years, eumiiicd the
soriion of eouiilry i;enerally lll^oll^h wliieh the lines on the north .side were projiosid to he seve-
rallv carried ; in fuel, from lieini; ohliiieil lo pass over this tract hy the high .oud, whiidi is (Ills'!
to tliese projectt'd lines almost llironj;liiMil their whole cxleiil, so ofu n cMry year, in |.;oinix and
retiiriiiii)' from Montreal, and my attcniioii heint; of t'our-c imtiiially taken up in making oliser-
vatioiis tlier(>on, with reference lo it a- (he location for a canal, and a^ ihc hanks of the river lor
the wliole distance, (;ives at once a correct idia of the iialure of ihe sinila, I have hceii, for a
lent; tiiiie, jierfectly well aciiiiainted with the course; 1 have also more iiiiiiulcly exaiiiined ii,
(!cpeciully the ravine alluded to, ii larfje portion of which 1 walked over Iwo years acjro. The
south si(lc I examined twice; first in the spring of IHW, and again in the c;irly part ol the |nc-
seiit year.

3.J9. Will you famish the committee with a cojiy /the Dc|)ailiiieiital Kcport, rcli'rred to in your
said report of the 1st Anffiist last .' — It is already ia'fore the coniniillee. ( I'iJc Appendix •-'!•._)

.100. Mr. Keefer's estimate for the canal on the soiilh side of ihe river, aniounls to -J-JiiUUD/.,
and that of Mr. Mills for the river line on the north side to '2aO,7tt'.'/. :!.«. -J J </. ; stale your ohjec-
tions to the latter line, and whether you have luudc an estimate for it ! — I ohjecl lo Mr. .Alills' river
route, in comparisim with that now in progress on the south side of the river, fir niiiny rtasous.
In t/ie first place, the ohjecl tor which tliey vveie intended, the pur|.oses for which they would be
available, arc so entirely diH'erent, that they cannot properly be compared at all, w ilhont making
several and expensive additions lo Mr. Mills's project. I'lic soiitli side canal is a ontinuous
inland route, not exposed to injnrv hy ice, rise ot water, shoving or sliding of (he high hunks, as
must he the other. The south side line having a towing-path from end to end, is suited to any descriji-
tioM of vessel, while that of Mr. Mills is only adapted to steamers; and there can be no doubt that the
great bulk of the agricultural Jiroducts, which will ever constitute the downward freight, will,
upon the completion of the navigation, be transported in large barges of •Jod tons burthen or
upwards, aided, when necessary, hy jiowerful tug-boats. Besides these general objections, I object
to the north side lin'; on account of the difficulties of construction, which are of such a nature as
to render it extremely H7isafe to depend on a.'.y estimate of it. It consisis, in (act, ot three separate
canals of about two iidles in leiigtli each, thereby requiring x distinct cofl'cr dains, and separate
sets of immping machinery. The difficulties we have cncoiinlered in constructing the works at St.
Ann's Lc«;k, nearly in the same neighbourhood, will make me ever cautious to avoid, when it can
be done, undertaking works of masonry, subject during their construction to the intlueuce of the
St. Lawrence or Ottawa Rivers. During the execution of the iiorlii side line, iiiost, if not all, of
tlie works of masonry would be in that difficult position; nine locks ami three guard locks aie
necessary on it. The moles or dams which are required to maintain the navigation (or a consi-
derable portion of its length, arc extremely objectionable. Mr. Mills's estimate for his river
route is as follows :

Section 1.

»j

)»

,»

£.
CO.iilO

80,170

8(!,-'li)(l

£.

•j;!o,782 currency.

My estiniHte for the same roi;te, but with the necessary additions already

Section i--- ■--... .-!

Guard lock -..-......|

Section 2, tow-path .........i

Canal and lock, at Point au Diable

Section 3 i

Guard lock ..--.-...

Section 4, tow-path in deep water .....

Section 6--------..

Guard lock

£.

dluded to : —
£.

{iO,-")l(i
11,000

;jo,ooo

2.j,000
77,170
11,000
'->0,000
84,146
11,000

320,838 currency.

595-

w'\

■ f

13(i

PAPKKS UELATlN(i TO

III tliU itftitnate I la'ic Mr. Mill«'« |iriti'» lu corrett, and calcululc llitrooii ; hut aftt r incurriiii;
lliii iiKTMiM'il i'X|K"r .iiture, tlic iiorlli side line could not lie ioiii|mrpd to that oh the wutli »idf ;
ah in tlif former there would have to l»c eiicounterifl in several plaren (urrentii ruiiniiiL' at from lour
to , ix mile»i an hour ; and the lOnt of inuiiitainin({ thi» line would be inHnitely more than the corrc-
»|if!idin({ ex|K-iiM! on the suuth nide. Colonel I'hilljiotu I'stiinaleH this river route an follows : —

Section I - - •
Add for removal of Fort

£.
Il7,i)j0

1-JU,U00

4;:

i ■■

Hetlion •.', naid to he niivijrabli! for utenm-boabi ; but tlicre are points at ■vliicli tiicre are (;urrcnt^
of live miles of four mile-, and five miles res|iectivcly.

Section ;l ------- -"■•

Section 4.

Section S, through the split rock and the Capcaden Points ; the canal
to be cut throujjh rock

Total, exclusive of towinj;-patli £■

£.
I -25,000

131),(iO(l

;)74,;jno sterling.

or
tow

destruction which would be coi
the top. Here, also, below the
nmiMtain 11 canal, either upon or
of it w hicli freiiuently slide into
who stales, " 1 lint the shores

41.i,0i)0/. cy. Nothing can more fullv show the difficulty, expense, and danger— of either the
...v-piitb, re(iuired in uiiv case to make jfr. Mills' route available for all descrijition of boats, or to
construct such a work as' Mr. .Jones proposes, namely, a canal ulong the margin of the river, from
the Cedars to the Cascades - limn the languat^e of Mr. Mills, with respect to the soil and banks,
which I beg leave here to quote : " Above the Cedars, the banks are from 20 to ao feet high, coin-
uoscd of clay, with some veins of :id, frequently sliding off in very large bodies, showing the
■ ■ ■ ■ " " ' upon constructing a cnnal along or near it* foot, or u|K)ii

in it would be impossible, v 'th any reasonable expense, to
' "t of the bank of the river, on account of the great bodies
r.nnii ." This opinion is fully sustained by Judge Wright,
'I'u: tion of clay and loam, underlaid with quicksand, which
occasions yearly very considerable slips ; and that a canal carried on such ground would be in
great danger, it any where near the river."

301. The scale of the work jiroposcd by Mr. Mills for the river line being larger than the scale
adopted for the Beauharnois line, w hat vvould be the difference of exj)ense between these two scales,
applied to the river line, on the data furnished in Mr. Mills' Report ? — In the upper section, the
wiving in the carlli work, by adopting the lesser scale, wruld be Aths; tliere is not any other
saving in fliis branch of the work. The saving in the locks would be about TiJO/. each. In my
answer to question .100, full allowance is made in the estimates for tlie difference of scale.

30'J. What extent of the canal at Cornwall is within musket shot of the United States? — I cannot
tell wliat length of canal, but I consider that several portions of the work are so much exjrased to
annoyance from the American side, that it would not be possible, in the face of an enemy, to work
a boat on.

303. State what portions of the work are so exposed ? — I jirincipally allude to the part opposite
Barnliart's Island and Chimney Island. I consider the whole of the narrow iiaviguiiou of the St.
Lawrence, above Cornwall, to be so much exposed, that it cannot be relied on as a communication
in time of war, for which reiison, I apprehend, the Rideau Cnnal was made.

:;G4. Are you aware that there was no other water communication during the last war with the
Ui ited States than the St. Lawrence ? — Yes.

lOo. Did you ever go over the line of canal on the north side, pointed out by Mr. Harwood? —
Yes, the line of Mr. Harwood only differs from the other inland routes at the eastern extremity,
us will be seen in my answer to question No. 338.

306. Who made up the estimate for the south line ; did you examine it, and when ? — Mr. .Steven-
son made up an estimate, as likewise did Mr. Baird. I examined these estimates some time last
fall, again about Christmas, and again in the spring. Mr. Kecfcr also made an estimate. These
several estimates are before tlie Committee.

307. Did you examine the estimates for the two sides made by Mr. Keefer, and when?— I have
examined them within the last few days.

308. Did any of the members of the Board of Works attend with you to inspect the line of canal
on the south and north sides ; if so, name them ? — They did not.

309. Did you make a report with the surveys and estimates to be laid before the Board before
the present Beauharnois line was determined upon?— Having fully satisfied myself as to the compa-
rative cost of the two lines, I made my report to the Governor in Council before it was in contem-
plation to commence the work this season.

370. Was your report, together with the evidence upon which you founded it, laid l)cfore the
Board of M'orks, and when? — I conceive that by the constitution of (he Board the Act requires no
quorum, and that therefore any document before mc us Chairnian is before the Board.

371. AVhat is the duty of a member of tlie Board of Works? — Members of the Board are also
members of public departments ; and 1 conceive the object of having thera members of the Board
is, not that it was intended that thev should interfere in professional matters, but when circum-
stances should require it, afford to the chairman of the Board any assistance in their power when
general policy was likely to have any influence in the operations of the department.

37-2. Did vou ever summon a meeting of the Board on the subject of the Beauharnois canal ;
and if so, wlicu and who attended ? — Having satisfied myself as to the comparative cost of these
canals, I made a report thereon to the Governor in Council, leaving them to decide whether it
should be on the north or south side. I would here wisii to remark, that the Board has never em-
barked

/6d

I'lniac: works (canada).

'j:

liiirLiil in liny work witliout lliihiKi-inl dnli-r iil'llio Coiiinil ; anil tlial wlirii llir nunrd i^niHTorilrml
to nroi iril with II work, I roiKiiM' llic nimiiii; <>!' i> oti to )h' tlir onliiiury iliily ol' I In- (l('|Mirtiii(Mil,
uiiil no iiiorr ri'ijiiiriiii; uiimilt'H to lie ■niiili' tliiTcoii tliiiii tlir in!>|ii'>'tor-Krnrriil or Crown l.aniU
coiiiiiii'-ioncr iirr lAiiirlcil to iinikc ininu'i'^ of tlir |iroc'<i'ilifii;« in tliiir rt>|Krtivi' ili'|i:irtniriit<.

:I7;|. Did Mill Miljinit to tin' (ioMTir*'. iiiiil Council in ttriliiii; tlir i'\ iilinri' iinil r('ii>on.H xijiii'li iii-
ilini il Mill to irivr II pii'liTrni r to llir *oiitli "iili' ; il"rio, |>Iiiim' iiroduci' llic |iii|)<r or ii lopv ol' it .' —
Till' n i"irt Liiiltil lor in timl (jiictlion h Iir ri|)orl tiven in my iin«wir to (|iH".tioii No. ;i.')l».

il74. Do yon ki'<'|i iiii cnirv in iiny liook or Locks in your oiKir wluniii you rrrord tlir |iro-
rrt'diii'.'" of your niritino-, iind tlir rciiMins tor iiiiy dri'isioiis tlir lioitrd niiiy iirrivr iit : uiid it'«o,

firoduir till' liook .' — \\<- ki'f|i tliri'c liook!-; tlirrr lire '.sti.iiiitr hooks, rr|"irt liooks, uiiil letter
iook« ; 1111(1 in one or otiiri- of tlit'in all iirorndiii^- ot tie Hoard iirr ciitiTcd.

!i;."). Arc the cxirarif laid Ixtiirc the coliiliiittrr hy Mr. Itcuhy, wfrrtiiry to the Hoiiril, llironly
eiitrii- in your hooks riLilinn to tlii' Dciiuliiirnois Canal ? I htlirvi.' so ; 1 ^jhM' dinrlioiis tliul rvery
dociiiiHiit ill till' otili'i' or entry in the hooks relating to the Deauliarnois Cunal should Ih' laid heti>ri'
the ( oiiiiiiittee.

:i7ii. When the (ioveriior and Coiiiieil iipprovi d of your reeoniliiendation for adopting the line
on ti.e -outli side of the river, were the i .-tiinates and the evidtuee « liieh iiidueed you to reeuniinciid
the siiiiie, laid liefore the Council f — No.

;)T". How was till' decision of the (Joveriuir Hiid Council (■oiniiimiicated to you; if i.i writinp.
|irodilee it .' — ( Wlliirnii rcferrrit llif r<iiiimitt(r to tlir ripurl iij'the nimmittee aj'llie KxfCUtiee Council
alrriiily lirfore tliriii. I'lWe A|i|H'iidix, No. ■J4.)

:I7h. \Viig the etitiniatc for the western entriiMcc of the canal on the south side founded on the
sujipo-ilioii that the hid of the river hetwcen Cl.'irlier's I'oint and Isle uu\ Cliuts wui rock .' — No,
it was known that shoals existed there.

a7l>. Should the liottoin of the channel turn out .-i ho rock, would it not niaterinlly ndd to the
txpiiisc .' — Yes, to a certain extent; hut from the depth of water in the chnnnel there would lie
under iinv circumsfaiices very little excavation.

:iHii. \Vliiit would he the price per ciihio yard for exeuvatin;; ruck eiplit feet under water in that
|ias«iii;c .' — Boulder rix'ks can he removed at from .'1 »■ liil. to .j ;i. per cuhio yard, connected rock at
from ■") .<. to 1(1 X. I have, in the course of my professional practice, removed rock in u much greater
depth of water ut nearly the same price ns I would on liiiid.

;i«l. Did you verhuUy state lietore the council your views on the sulijcct of the Beaiiharnois
Canal, iiiid explain to them the information you hud received, and the condusionii to which you hud
come ? — Fully.

3«'J. The Uovernorftcneral, in his des|mtcli of the I'.ltli of July, states that the report of an emi-
m'lit civil engineer, 1111(1 the opinion of the cliairinun of the Board of Works, (h'cideil him in niakiiiL;
the ciiiiiil on the south side. To whom does his I'lxcellency refer in the first instance, and nliicTi
report of yours in the second ? — He must have referred either to Mr. Keefer or Mr. Tate ; and the
rc|M)rt I conceive must he that to which I have nlreudy alluded in iny evidence.

083. Ill the same desiiatch it is stated that " the ohjeetioiis ur;fcd hv the petitioners from Coteau
du Lac are contradicted hy engineers of {treat experience and scientific ae(|uirements, who heing
8traiii:crs to the country, can have no local hiuji." To whom does his Exe-eileiicv refer .' — I |)resumc
his Excelleni^' refers to tlit; authorities I have already stated, and to whom I alluded in my report.

384. The Governor-(reiieral, in his despatch, dated the lith August, forwards to Lord Stanley
vour report of the relative udvunta<;cs of the two sides ; to which of your reports docs this apply ? —
!ro my re|iort of 1st August.

3M.j. Who is the Fiench engineer alluded to in your statement dated Montreal, 1st August? — I
can state no more than what is stated in that report.

38G. i)id you make any of the estimates alluded to in your memoranda, dated 13th August
1841 ?— I refer to the said memoranda for my answer to this question.

387. What induced you io commence the canul in 184'2, when in your own project it was deierrcd
till 1843 ?— The Order in Council.

388. The employment of emigrants was the cause assigned for the early commencement of tlic
canal at Bcauliarnois ; what is tlic luiiuher of tlie emigrants so einoloyed? — When I wos uj)on tlie
works I inquired the numbor of men then employed, and whs told about ],-2UU, of whom about
somewhat more ilmii half were emigrants.

380. The Governor-general, in his despatch to Lord Stanley of the lOtli July, states, " By the
intervention of the agents of the Beauhurnois Company, who have of course a strong interest iii the
work, the lond necessary for its execution has been given up gratuitously, and funds liave been
advanced for the first exjieiises." Will you name the agent or agents of the Beauharnois Company
with '.vhom you have so treated, and cx])lai>i what is meant by tho statement, " and funds have been
advanced for the first cx])enses ?" — I wrote to Mr. E. G. AVukefield us an iiiilneiitial jierson re-
siding at Beauharnois, ard through his intervention obtained tlie relinquishment of about 'J(ju per-
sons through whose land the line of canal would pass. I have ]>cr8onally no knowledge of the
terms on which the money was (irovided.

300. Have you had under your consideration the report of a committee of the House of Assembly
of Lower Canada, of which Andrew Stuart, Esq. was chairman, on the subject of the St. Lawrence
Canal ? — I have liad under consideration all the reports connected with it, and I will deliver in a
copy of the report in question. — (]l'itiie».i .mhseqntntly gave in a copi/ of the xiiiil report. — Ap-
pendix, No. ."!.;.)

301. Witl< ..^fcrcncc to question No. 3H3, do you not think that the Governor-general must
prif.cipiiUy li.ive alluded to yourself as an " engineer of great rxpcricncc, a stranger to the couiitrv ,
and having no local bias" ? — I believe so.

30-2. What was the proportion of emigrants empl'iyed at the conuucnceinent of the Beauharnois
Canal ? — I conceive tliot I have already answered this question.

303. You have stated that you began the canal at Beauharnois in order to employ the emigrants ;
why then did you not commence working on the 73,500 1, for roads in Ujiper Canada, and 07,000 /.
for roads in Lower Canada, iutendedto be expended in 1842, on which the emigrants jnight have
been eiiip' ^yed ?— Such of the roads as are in tlie western section of the province, the working details
of which were prepared, were in progress, the works on the Gosford Road were in full operation, those
on the Gaspe Koad, from being obliged to fumisli jirovision, and other causes, were necessarily re-
tarded ; those on the Cascades were not in progress owing to the want of the practical details.

595. S 394. What

\t.<

13S

PAPERS Rni.ATING TO

! t

;11U. Wli;it |irivnilcil iho-n imii li<al diliiiU trmii iMiriu' miiiiiriil ?— Tlic fir«t nm<r of ilioae
•Ictiiil- liipl Imvincliiili iiniiiircil win, lliiit uii ii|ilili(iili.p|i from Mr. Sitfipt...!! I.i nivf to liin .t( \>i,
Mr. IJ... I>ii, k, ll.i iiii.iiiimiii.Tit (,t it, i,|](l wliiili wn- lit tir«t ifnul U< li_\ ii», "ii- .iili-((|ii, nlly
(Iciliiml ii|i<>ii iiiiikiiit( iii(|iiiriri«i iiimtli.T uiiillniiim mhc »tiit ii|miii iIk works In prociirr iluni,
hIio-c iinKfiilini;'' "in iiilrrrnjildl liv U\» Uini; "t'liu'''' •" I'"*'' '""■ ^^ i'»lii»li'""-

ilHO. Wli.ii Hii« lliiil n|i|.li(iiti(.ii liia'dr, ami win ri «a- il ili c liii.d .'-Tin a|i|>liralioii« w. rr iiiiule
ill t!i< (iirlv piirl 1,' .laiiiiarv ; tin V »<Tf ilrcliiicil larly in IMiniarv.

ayil. \Va. not Mr. Will'. ki|.r licrr »ix or -mmm «.rk« wuirini; t'.ir imltr- i.ii llii- \,ry loail .'—
Ci rtiiirih lint. 1. 1-

;ili7. \Vliiil i.. llif iiiiKiunt tX|KT)ili'<l UN till' rarial to llif iiri-iiit liiiir .' — L\|(iii(Iitiin' on tlx Hinu-
ImriHii- -trli III ol'lln' St. Ijiwnnc.'r'iinnl to llic <llli OitolMT |H4'.' • • • - £. '.MjlliS

To till" liii« to U' ailili'l llir |iriMMt (<irliii(.'lil'« ri'tiirii«, (iImiiiI .1,000

X'. JT.IUS

nr-iili « tlu' iiliovc lire to Iir I'liilinircil <lHmnt;ps to laiiiU, ami coiiHcciuciiliiil ilaiiiajttfs, wliicli have
not III I II a«i'rrtain< il.

nw*. Dill villi ro!i>iilir lliP carh riiiii|ililliin of tlii* navigation ot" ii|Uiil iiii|iorta;n.'r to tin rnaiU
rclirnil in .'— liilinililv ii.nrr -n, n. IVi'iii llir raiiiilitv « itii Hliirli llic t'oiii|ililiiiii of tlif (drmuill
faiiiil liiiil Im II |iroi('iiliil with, F <i«ii>iilrri'il it mo-t I'Niiiiliilit ami ailviiialili' thai llii-, tin mily
ri'inaiiiini: inliTni|itiiiii In tin' iin ".'i' "ii, >liniilil he ri'inoviil as sunn »s |)os.il,|,., liy whiili iniaiix
llir loniiir liravy i\|ii'nililiin' wn 1 iiiiim iliiitily Inroint' riiiiiiniTiitivc.

Mr. h'illiili/ hiiviiiLT |icnisiil llii iviilinir laki'ii liy llii: cniiiinittii', liainliil in tlu' fnlluwliiij
siatiiiji lit wliiili III' hail |ir(|iiir(il in ri'iily tliirtlo:

Thr 11.111. (ii'i. .Uiiff'dit, Chairman.

Doaril of Works, >roM(lay Kvinini,', 10 On. I'sli.
Iiroi'iriliiiu 111 make some remarks iiiinn llii' iviilcnrc which has Ihi n ailillircil lirliirc llio

>:r,

H. tiirr . ^

roii,niilli(' of whirli yon are rliiiirrnan, in siiiiporl of the charncs liroiinht af;aiiist t' Board of
AVorl.s liv Mr. Siin|i"iiii, I am ihsirniis of ix|ir«'ssiii'^ to yon, sir, and In ihr rrsi of the Coiniiiilti'O,
my sinrcrr thanks for tlir coiirso aihiiitid hy you, in allowinif me to examine and eomiiient upon
that ividi nee.

I nil ived 11 enpy of the fvidince from the rierk of the loniiniltee, on yesterday (Sunday)
unernoon, at five o'l'lnek.

Hetiire lookinjr at those voluminous doeuiiieuts, I had e\]ieeted to find in lliein, at least, sonio
testiinniiy hearini; U|ion the i)uestinn at issue worthy of my most serious attention ; hut a very iiir-
sory examination of it has hteii siiffieieiit to eonvinee ine that the eviilenee itself in of a ehiiraetcr
to |ireelu(le uie, or any other lirolessional riifjineer, from altempliniir to analyse it, with n view to
U'efiil results. That )iortioii of it nddurcd in supiiort of Mr. Simpson'^ ehari;es eouHists, hir the
most jmrt, of matter which I may term a sort of ignorant uo.asip, nliiiost wholly irrelevant to the
8uhj(et. It is not, indeed, wantinj; in bold assertions of opinion ; hut those are made in lanijuago
which is alone suffieienf to prove to a man of experience that the witnesses liy w iiom they have
k'en made are profoundiv ipiorant of the very nature of the <|uestion, with respect to which ihey
speak so eonfideiitly. Tlie evideuee is curiously thnracterised hy vagueness, self-contradiction,
contusion of ideas, gross exuggeralion, and positive misstatements.

There is hut one |K)int in wliieh the witnesses are eouslant and consistent with themselves, and
with each other : they all disjihiy, in u iiinnner timt must he ohvions to any ohserver, a keen anxiety
to estalilish Mr. Simpson's charges, hy means of reckless assertion. I think T may safely add,
judgini; froi.i intcriiiil evidence alone, that the testimony of the witnesses has heen concocted among
themselves, or that their minds have been under the guidance — not to say direction— of some one
or more persons, whose business it has been to get up a case in support of Mr. Simpson's acensa-
tion against me. These witnesses would seem to liiive heen, ns it were, well drilled for the
occasion. From this deseriiition 1 do not except either the written or verb.il testimony of Mr.
Casey, the engineer, employed liy Jlessrs. Simpson and Ilarwood, and brought forward hy Mr.
Simpson as a witness against me. This gentleman himself states (I use his own words,)'" the
object of my examinations and report was not to furnish an estimat'' of the probable cost of a eaniil
<in the north side, but merely to show that the Hon. H. H. Killaly was wrong, in leading the
public to believe that a canal on the north side would cost lOO.liOO/.' more than the south side;"
and ae .'ordingly, up to this very day, he had not made any epfininte in full of the cost of construct-
ing a canal on the north side: on the .south side, he states he has not been for seven years; and, in
answer to u question, he savs, that when he came beibre the Committee, he was nht aware of so
important a point as tlic scale upon which the present canal is being constructed. Those two state-
menls are characteristic, in all resjiects, of the whole of his testimony, namely, the absence of any
valuable or even available inforniMtiou, with respect to the particular' subject which he pi-etcnds to
exaii.'ie. lie inight well say that his only object was to criticise a report of mine ; for the greater
part >.:t his entire testimony consists of a sort of literary strictures on my rejiort to the Governor-
general, of the 1st of August hist, and is flir more fit to f'brni articles in a newspaper opposed to the
govenmient, than to be submitted to a committee of the legislature, with a view of guiding their
judgment upon a scientific jioint. 1 am sure that, in my long professional career, I never met
with anything, purporting to be the production of an engineer, which so clearly evinces a deter-
miiiation,/a« nut «r/ns, to make out and bolster up a case for the employers, and so utterlv unde-
serving of serious notice.

The other witnesses brought forward by Mr. Siiiiiison, although they do not pretend to science,
like Mr. Casey, are disqualified, by their utter ignorance of the subject, from offering any opinion
to whieli I can pay respect. They consist of pilots, whartingiTs, farmers, a stage-coach proprietor,
a store-keeper, a doctor, a timber merchant residing at Bvtown, and the agent of an insurance
company, the latter being Mr. Simpson's step-son ; and the' whole of them, not excepting the mer-
chant at Bytown, are decjily interested persons.

It is requisite, and I am sure that the committee, considering that I am placed upon my trial,
will allow me, in my defence, to explain the grounds on which I question the credit of those wit-
nesses, on the score of personal interest.

There

*il

PUBLIC WDllKS t.WADA).

'.5!»

Tlicrr <'n:i lie im ilotilil dial tlif St. IjiHnnrf iiiiviirmlnti will liiixr llir < Hen <it' ilimitiWiiiiir I'l''
»iiliii >il' |iriiii<'rl> i.' IKliiwii, mill iitl'irtiriu llir |iriitit- nl" ]itr»oii« riiyiiijnl in tniilc llu r. . Tin'
f\i(lrnic «i('Mr. U'l j»limrl, llic tiiinliiiiit ot' H\ lnwii, i» ri-all\ (Irvniil ul .ill vulm, a- nyiinU llir
i|iir>tiiiti at ii'in ; iioi rtlii Ii>ii il iviuro tlii' \i\ui' v illi niiicli |ii tmhi)! ititcn 'IkI in llii' (>lla»u iiMi>t
%'u\\ tliin Hiilijtcl, ami al-.i llir iinimiin with wliii-li siiili a witiifM lia» Ibtu lirmiiilit lornanl. In ii
Klill liit'li'T and ninrt' olivioii- ili-^nn', iillnr Hitnc"r« liaM- :in inlcri"! in (mtlin^j a »ln|i in ilii*
»(irk. Mr, SiiiniMin'" ^li|i«iin, Mr. Wii'. Hm liuik'», inroiili' i|i|Knil« iiihiii iIk ruiitinnaiM <• nl'
n ilanui rniK iiat ipitinn, rii(iiiriiiy llir cxiMiniM' |iriil<<tioii ot'insiinimi-. Ili« lirulliiT, Mr. lli ni)
KiKliiii'k, in kniiu II lo 1)1' a pilol uf llir ni|iiiN, ami fli;.liiri il in lln' inaiianinn nl nl' a tu» int: i-la-
lili-liinrnl, Cii:- liaiiliiijj linri^ct u|> llial |iarl nf tlir rivrr, wliiili MnuM inMr l>r ii-i il hIIit ijn rmn-
|ilcti<iii lit' lui iiilaiiil niniil. A iii'iir n liitivc <i( Mr. HiHliink, vi/.. .Mr. Siiii|i«i>iiV own "im, i» llu-

ciillirliir iifi'ii>liiin> ill Ciilciin iln I^n', nlui'u hr, ami liii« fallii r U'liirr liiin, IiuM' I n in llif lialiil

oCi'Xa. tin;; ('-i", riiMlriirv In IiiH, (riini Imryrr' pa. -int: dnun llic rivrr; anil it i« nrlainlv niuir tiian
iniilialilf lliat, wh.n till na\i;;iiliiiii ^llllll l>i' riiin|ilrtril, tin ni-ldni"' (••talili-liiiii nt at Culi an iln
Lac "ill ln' ilirnnd «i>rv tlian nMlc«s anil tliat tin lar^i' nvinnr "Iilrli li.i- Im ii ilrrivnl In Mr.
Siin|i-iin anil hit mh., rrniii ■•alarv iw rii»liMiir' iiHii ir», anil tlic illitral i vaclimi of (it^, will < nlinl)
Ofii-f. 'riir fir«l inlirr-l u;' tin wlmlr rami'; almvr iiainiil. ami of tin' |iiliil« nt'lhc ra|iiiU, wlio
lia\r liitn ixaiiiiiiiil, i«, i('|H).-il)l(', to «tu|) tlii' work iinw in |iriiur(-* ; Inil il'llii v -limilil (iiil in tli.it
olijiit, tlniillnir niAl intcn-t wmilil lir In -^'rl tl. ■ raiial nil tin' iinrlli •■iilc, H In ri' Mr. Siiii|i»(iii
own- a rniiMiilt ralili' |>rn|K rt\ , nrar III till' |nn|Ki-( il iiitraiiri'. Il i- trnr tliiit Mr. Siiii|>-iiii'- »ti ji-
Miii, .Mr. Wni. Hniliiirk, »JH-, lliat " it' I uwiail a lariii al, or in tin- niitililinnrlinnil nt', (.'nli.iii ilii
Ijii . I wnulil iriv<' a lai';;r Mini nlnmni'V ratluT lliaii liavi' llir riiiial |ia— tlirnii<_li it, a- it- valnr
wnnlil, i tliiiik, lir lliiTrliv liiwiTcil .ill |irr rrlil. ;" atnl tlirrr ran !»' Im ilniilit lli.it Mr. llarMimd
a> linlillv !-tati«, that tlir niilv way in wliirli lii- |iiiiiktIv rnnlil lir ntrrrtnl, liy takiiiK llir raiial

tlirniirli lii- ,-riniiinr_\ , wniilil lie " tn my iliiaihantaur ;" lint ill inmitlii will kiinw Imw to

rstimiilr -inli hlaliiinnt>. Tiir frlf-inlrrol nlllir ^\itnr^>r» i- nnly Ic— r\iilrnt llian tlirir «ant nf
i.(ru|ilr in ilriiyin;; it. Mr. \Vlii|i|ilr, llir flaHr-rnarli |irn|jrirtnr, llmnuli lir -ay-, llial lil- nnl<-
|irn|iiily al ihr (nlran iln l^ir i^i ■■ a \\liarfpiiil ri^lit or ninr arli - nf larul," lia- niiiillnl In mlii,
lliai llir vrry i nlrulirr nf a raiial nii llir nnrlli -iilr wniild III' rln-i' tn llin-r arri -, to uliirli an adili-
liiinal \ahn' of M'Vrral llinn-aiiil |)nninU wmilil llirrrliy lir tivcn ; ami that ihr inm|i!rlinn nt'a ranai,
on rillirr -iiU , wniihl pnl an iiiil, Inr a ^Tral |iorlinn of thryiar, lo llir -ta;;r-rnurh hii-iin -», in
wliirh 111' i-i lariii l\ rnna;,'ril. It voiild he ra-y to \u'o\f that tlir ntlirr u ilnr—i-, hriii;; n -idrnt- of
f.'niiaii dn Lir, wniilil have tluir Hirtains imiirn\ril, if ihr raiial wa- lo tir r-laliii-hid tlurr ; aid
liowr\^r Jinwillii l; I may hr tn wrarv the ininmillrc. Iiy dwcUini; on this nio-l di-^a^rmihlr part of
till sniiiri't, it yrt rniiain- for mr to niakr our -talmn nl, for ihr pnrp -r nldi-rrnlilin;; Mr. Simp-
Min - »ilni >si'-. Ol'lln"^r, ihr two who -prak wilh tin ^r alr-t rontiilrnrr and prrtriirc lo know-
hdur .ii'r .Ml', t'a-ry, llii' rnifiiii rr, and Mr. Win. Hinlnirk, Mr. Siinp-on"- -Irp-Min. rii-nrn — fnl
appliralinn- for rniployinrnt in liivoiir of rarli of thrni liavr hrrii madr In nii' within tlir la-l 1-.!
inonlh-: i did not di-rrfi'iid llir a|ipliration- iiiadr to mr on hrlialf of Mr. Ca-cy, hnl. on the
ronlrary, was inclinrd hy llnni In makr inipiiry ir-pt'itinr' hi'* pi'ofr-!-innal iiliililii--, and rainr to
tiu' rnnrlii-inn that il wnnld hr wrnii'i in liir tn trn-l him with any rniplnynimt nf <'on-ri|n(':iri.,
uiiih r tlir Hoard nf Work-. With n.-prrt in Mr. Wm. Hmhiirk, 1 am iindrr thr painful m rr— ity
of -tilting that, upon appliiMilioii from Mr. l^imp-oii. not many mnnllis a;;o, iM'iiiir made to mr for
employment on a iiiihlir wnrk, I rxpri's-rd a >inrrrr wi-li to romply wilh llir appliralimi ; hnl
upon mnkiiij; »urh inijuirirs iim I jinlurd iirrr— ary, liriiirr pl.irin'^ any onr. who wa- a -IninLTrr In
nil', in an ottiro of trn<t iindpr thr Board. I '^avr up all lliiin;.dit of miilm'.' ISIr. S»inip.«nnV wi-hr.-.

In rontirination of tlir high iirohahililv that tln"ir witiir«-i's have hrrn at'tiialrd hy nnilixr- of
|H'r-oiial intcrr-it, if not of ill wdl toward" mr. 1 would I'lral tlir attrntioii of llir rominiltci' In thrir
|iroti--i()iis of haviiis; no ohjrrt in view I'xrept tin- lovr of trnlli and thr pnhlir iriMxI. .\- om
instanrr of tlii>« \rry sn.spirioiis iirolc'siijon" of disiiitcri'sleiliii'^is and pnhlir i-piril, I hrg IraM to
draw thr attrntioii of the coiiimittcr to the rviilrnro of Mr. A-srlin. who. hiivinji; -aid that In had
" no prrHonal inlrrpst for or iigaimit the ('anal," and ndmittrd tiiat hr was thi' owner of thr wharf
uiid pro)H,'rty known as As-eliii's Wh.-irf, nt the Coteaii dn Lar, had thr cHrontery lo aihl, that the
reason why all his neiglihonrs were oppo-rd to thr canal heiiig on llie south side wus, " hrraiise
they were oppo.sed to the misapulieiition of the iinhlic money!"

Siirli testimony as that, whicli I eaiinot (■ommcnt upon irss severely, is of a piere wilh a fart,
wliirh, as it is perfectly notorious, and has a clo-e heariiii; upon the (|ue-tioM suhmittrd to the loin-
niittee, I may pro])erly notice, iiaiiielv. .lie practici' xvhirh lias l«'en systematically pursued hy tlie
Simpson family, of way 1 ; ini; travellers, and e'^jH-'cially nicmhers of the legislature, al Coteaii dn
Lac, and endcavonriiig, hv the most unscrnpulons assertions, to prejudice their minds in favour of
the charges against me, wiiich Mr. Simpson has Buhniittt'tl to the House of Assemhiy. If it should
be unknown to menilx'rs of the committee, there are yet hundreds of people who know that, in the
pursuit of this sy>tein of dctrnction, the persons whom I am eX|)osing did not confine them-elvr- to
mis-stateinentsof fact with i'es|M;ct to engineering matters, hnt that they east im]iuliition9, and made

{wsitivc charges of dishonrsty and corruption, not only upon mysrlf, hut upon several gentlemen of
ong-established and unimpeachahlc character, whose assistance it is my good fortune to lia\r as
officers of my department.

Such is, then, the nature of the testimony got up for the purpose of estahlishing that I have lom-
inittrd either a gross blunder, or the wilful crime of choosing ii)r ii canal which is to cost •^J.jo.niiii/,
a situation presenting iiLsurmountable obstacles to the use of the work tor navigation. I will not
pretend to prove that this testimony is false ; I cannot even bring my-clf to look at it, in com-
parison with that of the able and experieiii;ed engineers, upon whose elaborate surveys, made from
time to lime during a long term of yean^, in conjunctioM wilh my own observation, my deliberate
opinion, as to the selection of this line of canal, was fonned, and the decision of the Governor and
Council was founded. It is hardly with patien-.'e that 1 can write down the names of Mr, Wm,
Roebuck, Mr. Whipjile, and Pilot' Perry, or even that of Mr. Casey, by the side of those of Mr.
Stevenson, Mr, Baird, Mr. Mills, Colonel Philpotts, and Mr, Kecfer ; nor is it, indeed, requisite
that I should either claim the authority oi:' the gentlemen last named, or allude to my own exten-
give experience, in order to defend myself against Mr. Simpson's charges : these accusations have
been broken down by the very testimony adduced in support of them. This testimony I venture
humbly, but conKdently, to submit to the Committee, leaves wholly unaiiected my decision in
favour of the superior cheapness and efficiency of the south side line.

595' s 2 If

/t»

140

PAPKllS IU:I.AT1N(. TO

1)11(1. 1 iWilllU't UIMIII Ilir IIIIIIUIII "I II U* '<"• '<i""t null in* II » 111 Ill iiiatiti^ „t, -^-'it^tj

ticrldl iiiMiii llii" Miliiirl (iir iiiorc lliiiii II viiir, iiitirciv cdnriirj. willi llii' nipiiiiiiUK ot' llioi-r '^iiitli-
(II. I mil ininiiiiMil lliiit. if usuv llir iiiiiiilicr iif < iiL'iiiccnt were ro uiiikc ►iir^rv." iiiiil n |iiirN

ll°, ill iimkiiiK llif nliovf iiJdMrviiliiuiK, I Imvr Utii lutrnviil. tiy 11 nnl'inil lidiiiu' "I iiHiii.''iiilii.ii,
into th.' UM' (ifliMi flriiiiK ■ \|ir<of>iiiii-, I t.li<iiil(l \f\t piinlnn iit llic fninmillrr I'nr ImMiiu tmlnl in
priilHr ri»|n<t louiirtU llinn. I Iiiim i iiiliiniiiirnl I" krip «illiiii llir IxiiiiiiU of di iiiriiiii, iiiiil
rHtllinl liiit lrii>it lliiit mn 1111 IiiU r nl tlic inliilMilli « . iin.iu'iliilK.' Iiiiil>i IT l<> In- |iliii'til i:i my
*iliinti<iii, iiiiil »iili|n till, ii.'l mil. 111 III rii-iiiiniiK «liirli, jl' liny Hfc iiiliiiiUiil, Hiiiilil 111' tiitiil In my
jirofi f.lotiiil rrpiil'uliiiii iiiid |iir« il .liiiriutcr, will Kml 1 xruv. ti.r tUv wiiriiiili willi wliiih I lin\r

ctiiiiKiH'ii iiivx'ir. 11.1.

linlrtViiiliiiu iiiyxlt' iiu'iiiimf Mr. Siiii|>«>ii'i- ilmru'cs I Imvr |)iirixi.. ly iiMnimHl Irom in.iiciiiy

llio i(«lii i(«iiiiii> timiiir wl:iili, iliirini: iiiv iili-< lire. Iihm' Imcii liii'l liit'nrc I'lc rdimiiilti f.

liilNf llii>ii>;lil tliiil Iin MM II ( villi iicr w 11. M)iiiri(l l"> clilimli-ll llir wll'-ilr-lriirlivc iliitclllilil- of llic

wiliiri-M'i iiiiiiiiiiil nil'; iiiir mil I imw ili«|H).(il In iillmli iiny wiiclit to llir sliili'i iIh of iiii|.ii.ti-«-

finiial iHTwiiiH uliip Imvr |:iMii nliiiiinMi l.it'urr llir ( 'iiimiiillir ill (iiMiiir orilic miiiiIi >.i(li'. I rely
with nilltillllll II IIh lull, riilll Ill illll llinllilc tislilliony nl' llir IIIl{illriT« « llll IlllVC llll II CXil-

iiiiiinl. I ilirliirr, ii|iHii llir limioiir nr ii L'liilliiiimi, lliiil my tiriii luliii; iiOir Iniviiii; iiii\iiiii>ly
n fir

iiiti.. - 1-1.1

iiiHiii lliix Milijri'l, I II iilliiT niiirliiniiiii mil In' ■ oiiir lo tliiiii tlinl wliicli I Kriiily iiiiiiiitiiiii, nmiirly,
tluil llir linr iiCniiiiil mi llir mhiiIi «iili'. imw in pnijiri'iis, is ^ri'iilly fiijiiriiir in imiiil nlittii ii iicy
Jo miv linr im tlir iinrlli i-iilr, ami I'liiripi r In mi cxliiil iiraliiiiit imi.ooo/.

Ill rnm.'luHioii, I will miri ly iiilil, lliiil iintwitlii.|iiiiiliii(; nil tlio piililiriil ifilriu'iU' iiml |mrty tilling
H illi u liii'li llii- iiiici-tinii llll-. Ill I'll i-n iijilii-trinii«ly mixed ii|i, tlir |ininN in v\ liirli, in my jii'l^iiiitnt.
till' roiiiilrv i« uliiiir iiilrrr«liil. mi' ►imply. Fin-I, I- llir linr in roiir-r it'rnii«.lrui'linii ii >;(ii>il mir .'
Ai'iiiii'l \(» hriin: Ml mil "I'f M'iiilillii nl' ii-Milinn liiix Imiii miiilr. S'riinilly. \* il llir i'liia|H'>l .'
Bv llir lr»ruiinnv of Mr. ('iimi, llir niily prr'-oii liripiiulil tiirwartl liy Mr. Siiii[i«iiii wlin pn irinU
tiiipriik a* 111 riwl, il apprurs llml llir Miviii^r liy lulnplini; il may lui iiml i .'iH.iiiHi/. ; lull, -Imrlly
alN r, 111' adlliils an nmi>-inti iiC llir Miilir nf llir difrt'rrlicc nt' M'lilr, wliirli lie (jiU'i-Hrd 111 'Jli.iillll/,
iir rr. In annllu r pari iil' liix i vidriirr, lit' sa_\ »•, tlir xavinu may lie llir Iriirtinii nf Hio.iidii/., liy
vtliirli 111' i-laU"< lir mraiii .'lo.iiiiii/. iir 4(i,i)ll<i/. ; liiil liy Mr. KcrlirV drlailrd and rlnlioratr i >tiiiinte
111' llir linoii nil linlli nidiH, llir savitij: is •ilinHii lo lir liiil.iKiii/. Fimilly, Arr tlirrc unv nuliiml
iili'lrurlionn to it wliirli air wriniis iiiid iiiiiiirni(iuiitulili''? 'I'lirrr are nut; I'nr Mr. Krcfern riiref'iil
I'xmiiiiiatiiin slinvtH tlir xlioalii In lir lnr(;t< lii>ul(U'ri<, slonri', and ^uiid, willi two rlinniieU, with nut
le>iH than ri^lit liil fix inrlirN water; and vvr liitve an old, experieni'rd, and solvent eoiitmetnr, wlio
•iflers to ijive ample Mciiritv, and enntraet lo Corm o siiitalile rliannel, of 400 feet wide, for 7,'mo/.

I Im'i; kavr to nppriid Mr. Krefrr's eotieliisive oIihtmiIIoiih upon the cvidciiee adduced in sup-
jiorl of the rliargei. against the Hoard of Works.

Rcspertfally Milnnilled,

IlumiHun Jl. KiUaly.

Mr. Kefftf\ Remarks on tlic Evidence adduced lirforc the Committeo, ngain^t the Location of tlic
Canal on the South >ido of the Hiver.

R I

f ii

TliP evidence of the pilotn, and others, from the nortli shore, is very oontmdictory ; some stntinjj
that the current from Grossc I'oiiit lo M'Pherson's Point is three miles per hour, and others, that
il is from 8 lo lit miles per hour. !^onie of them admit llint there is a ehannel of 8 >, or U feci, and
otlirrs deny the existruee of any ehunnel wiiatevcr. One witness says that he can pet nut and
walk on the shoal for nearly half the lentrth of it, and that the surf at Urnsse Point runs from 10
to 1-j feet in lieii;ht. All the north-shore people, however, concur in stating tliat tlie prevailing;
winds ere either west, north-west, or north.

It is an easy matter to procure evidence contradictory of everythiiii; these witnesses liave stated
on the above points, Imt it is of no consequence whatever to do so. Tlie current, in fact, (iiolwith-
standinsj this rvidenre) dors not exceed, hy iiicasaremeiit, two miles per hour, and when the towing-
path, provided for in the estimate, has lieen made, all the dillicnlties they have started vanish, for
this current offers no sensible impediment lo steamers, and wlirii considered in reference to the
jretieral line of novi(rntion between Ijike Ontario and the sra, this rate of current cannot, with
fitirness, he ohjerted to, when there are a hundred other places in the river and lakes where the
current is the same, and it was never thought necessary to obviate them.

In the present unimproved state of the channel, it is perfectly practicable to conduct a steamer
of seven tect drauirht of water from Grosse Point to M'Pherson's Point, and buck npain, liavini;
first jiut down buoys to indicate the eliannel.

That the testimony of pilots cannot always be relied on, has been proved by the fact, that barges
and steam-boats are now descendini; the Ijtchinc Rapids every day, where it was declared by
them that no practicable channel existed.

In reference to their testimony in this instance, I will simply state, that the chart is made from
eoundings taken bv myself, with the greatest care, and I can vouch for their accuracy. I did not
undertake to lay down all the shoals, both above and below those lying between Charticr's Point
and Isle aux Chats, but confined my labours to the place where the channel presented the greatest
difficulties, inasmuch as the other shoals do not interfere witli the free navii'atiou of the river,
leading to the entmnce of the canal.

These soundings were taken in a large canoe, with one man to row, one to steer, two others and
myself, five in all ; and so far from finding the current as strong as these vvitneeees represent it,
I found no difficulty whatever in going from side to side, up or down, or which ever way I pleased.
I have oflen paddled up from M'Pherson's Point, in crossing to the Coteau du Lac.

In the estimate it will be seen that I have provided for removing the points of the shoals next
the centre channel, to afford a clear entrance of 400 feet in width, and 10 feet in depth. The
shoals consist of a mass of boulder stones, in some places imbedded in sand, and they can therefore
lie easily removed.

In reference to the prevailing wind, I will barely remark, that evcrj' one at all acquainted with
the great lakes Erie and Ontario, knows perfectly well that the prevailing wind is from the soutli-
vvst; and it is not reasonable to suppose that only 180 miles of eastern longitude is sufficient to
give another prevailing wind. I know that impartial and uninfluenced evidence will state the
contrary ; and such being the case, Coteau du Lac must be more frequently the lec-shorc of tlie

lake,

PUMI.IC Wl UKS ^C.WADA).

III i'»M-

liiki, «<liili' (irix**' Pi>iiil olirltrrt llic •Hiiilliirii i iitriiiiri'. Ijiit il ii|i|ii'iir- t<> im rxlM'iiliMi* di lie
«i lliiii: tiirlli all llii« iiuiiliriil rt'icviiiiiii! iiIhiiK tlic iiilnirirc to ii cmiil mi llir Kim r Si. LiHn iirr, ihi'
•niiii 11" il° wi' ucrr on ilic roitxi ol' rmin r or Irtliitiil- It m lilom iHcim tliiit \i>«<h U rift niiclinr
JHtlirr ciitirinir >iirli cumilx. TIh' ikiiiiI |ira<'tirt' in tii I'oiiit' lo, uimI l.uiin llniiiai'lti't nliiti'j>i>l(> ii
[liiT or wliarf, wliitli Mivr» nil tlic iMiililr.

Tin' ividtiicr olli'rcil liy M r. ( ■|i«<'y "n > riliri»ni, call«"i| a rr|N>rl, i* vitv lin'iii;rr. It Hp|i>'iir« I'roni
il tliiil lir liiiK iiol niiiili- n |irii|Mr «iir>r_v of llic iiorlli "iil' . iiinl lliiit lir liail oiil_> -I'l ti ihc «oiiili .iilc
mIniiiI M'Vi'Ii vi'unii;;ii; ami thai in ri'lrriili'i' in llic Kiilijiit iimlir rxaiiijnatioii, lir diil not rxuliiiliK
tll<' «>lllli licff at all. U« (orr lie roillil r»litlialf llir ilirtirrniT ill ro.t lirtwirli tlir two .ii|. ., i| \%
olivioiioly iK-cmoiiry timt lif vlioiilil iiiiikr an rKtiinah' ol' uliat rarli woulij nni ; Imt llil> Mr. *'
thinks iiiiiii'<'<"»iir\, anil lliink^ to «ali»l\ tin' |iiililii', ami llir roinniilti ■ . witlioiil (.'i>ini.'
iiiHlr of lillicr. I'lii' roniiiiittif onliT liiiii to >/\\>' in an r«liiiialc tiir tlir iiortli >iilr, ami lif \:\\f*
only a |iarlial one; utill iiiaiiitaitiin;; that llir |irini'i|ial iliHrrriin' lift in tlic i\iM\alion. wliiili lie
«ii|i|iii><"< to aiiioiinl to S'l.iMMi/., iic^lii'tini; allo).'rtliiT tlii' imna-i il rxjii mm' on tlir north «iili' of
tlic cinliankim'nt, wa»ti'.wiir«. ilitcliinir, ami linoinif, liMlf, ami liii'k-liuiint'ii, liriilifm uiiil liriilu"-
lioiinr-', ilainatli'ii, |iroti'i'lion hiiIU, roli'i r-ilani". anil |iiini|iini;.

It i-i iillc lo In' ilrawiim any roiii|iiirl>on, uitliont an iHliiiiatc full anil i'oin|ilr<li' nf nicli >iili', A
larrfiil ami ri^iil i'\aininatioii of inv r^tiinatrt for tlii' nortli iiiid >ontli >iili , I triftiwill roiivincr llir
I'oii-.inilti'i', that the Boanl of \Vork> »ui not >vr<>n;( in i>talin|; that the canal on iho mirth •iilr woiihl
r(»t 1 1111,11(11)/. niorr lliaii on the mhiiIi.

Mr. ('ii'pv lliiiik* I' iinliiir to ^tali> thai tin- canal on the noiiiIi •ikIc it three inl!e< •liorter tlian on
the north; iHcauM', he telllroni^' i iirrenl."
Tliix U not the ciiMc; the canal tenninaleo at the lieuil of un eiUly. M'ttlini: nji the lake marly two
mile-'. The map uill >liow that the >oiitli niile iiiuy rppresiMit t'.e choril and tlio ui^' uf a circle,
which accounts tiir the ilithTcnce in leii<;th.

Mr. TaMT law lieen lietriiyeil into a dinjtiiiar liillacy in enliiiialliii; hii'kai.',' nt vo iniicli per fcKit
lift, lie should have kriowii that two locks of li\e feet lift will i-o-t nearly doiiMe a Im k of lo
(iet lift, \»<' hy his inelhiKl they would cost the sanii'; moreover a tnaril-iock. whic h has no litt. Iiv
his riili! would cost nolhiii(r at nil. He is wronij, also, in as-nniiii}; tin lockage on the ('.■riiwall
(.'anal at 3,000/. per foot lilt. How, then, can his calculation Im' relied on !

In relerenco to usinu llii- ravine on the nortli ciile, iilthoiiuli Mr. Casey innkes his ( -tiiiiates
>iip|H)siii^ the canni placed in it, he is very guarilcd in uivin^ an opinion ; and ax he innkes no pro<
vision liir uii^te-w'eirs.it is to lie |iresiiiiied that he considers them unnecessary. But .Mr. Hm Imck
IS more oouKdent, niid cunsiders tlio usint; of the rav ine a ifreat iidvanlii};e ; that it would lake a
series of years to fill up the reuches lietweeii the locks, and that "aprons" mittht he con«tructed
to curry -.f t'lc iluod-wiitcr.

It is unnecessary to repeat the ulijections I uri;c«l iii;uin«t iwini; tlie ravine liy damming; il, in my
rejiorf of .0th July last. I will now add the follow ini; :

I consider wiiste-weirs indispensahle ibr the discharge of sudden freshets without injury lo lliu
locks. Ill the en>;inecr's art waste-weirs are one of the most difliciilt structures to he irndered
permanent. ])ut placeil in u hank of new ly •formed earth, or in the original clay hank (ei|iiall\ «<
unsafe), the least iiii|H>rfection in the foundation or workmanship, the sli;;litest settlement oi' any
part of the structure, or the loosening; of the earth l>y fro-t in sprint:, may, in the time of violent
and sudden freshets, he suflicieiit to create a leak, which, unless detected at once, ami stopped,
would inevitahly liecoiiic the means of carryiiij^ away the dam, which done, every succeediie.; dam
must i;o loo.

It rarely lmp|iciis that a niviiie affords the opportunity of plueinfj the lo<,ks so advantaj;eun-ly an
that vessels can ajtproach and depart from them hy easy curves, which are necessary in order to
prevent vessels from cominj; in contact with the corners of the locks, and doinfj dainane to the walls.

.\l,'aiii, in placinjrthe locks in the side of a hill, as iinist necessarily he the case if the ravine he
used, every en<^ineeriiii; precaution must he taken, hy pilini; and otherwise securin^the (buiidiitions,
to prevent partial settlement ; jirecautions that will'add greatly to the expense of the loi.k- on the
north side.

With respect to Mr. Ilarwood's evidence, I wish it to Ijc distinctly uiidcrsiood, that tlie linf iiiion
which I made out my eitimate for ii canal on the north side, is not that pointed out to ine In ^I^.
Harwood, but the clieanest inland rente that I could select. Hud I taken Mr. H.'s line,' there
v<t)uld have hecn upwards of three iiiiles at the upper end, uverajjing 17 feet cutlimj; wherius, my
line, for that distance, scarcely avenges 12 feet cuttiiit;.

I desire further to remark, emphatically, that it wiusnot until after I had completed my survey of
Mr. Harwood's liiie, according to his written descrijition of it. that he requested to have the levels.

.Vny connected improvement by the river bank, on the north side, will cost still more than tlie in-
land route, which I have estimated at .'I.'>i»,4U0 /. Tlie inland canal on the south side, with the excep-
tion of the slifjht obstruction at the entrance (which can easily be removed) is most sinirularly
favourable, and far preferable to any other line that can Ik; selected to unite the two lake-. It is
shorter, safer, more efficient, and cheaper by upwards of 100,000 /.

Stateme.vt of the comparative Advantages and Disadvantages of the Inland Canals on the North

Olid South Sides of the River.

XOHTH SIDE.

The canal "s 14 j miles long. The canal receives into it the formidable freshets of the a Delisle ;
and if car-.ed into the ravine of Quincliicns, receives the wash of all the land Hoods of a large
tract of .lat table land, rendering necessary the construction and maintenance of waste-weirs. The
lock foundations are chiefly on clay. This canal will cost 350,400/.

SOUTH SIDE.

The canal is 11 J miles long. It is above and independent of all water-courses; consequently,
requires no waste-weirs. It can be navigated two or three weeks more every season than liie one
on the north side. The repairs and superintendence will be less on this side. The lock founda-
tions are chiefly on rock. This canal will cost 255,000/.

Board of Works, Kingston, loth October 1842. Samuel Keefer, Engineer, Board of Works.

5.95-

{(-'>''

14-

I'APERS UELAT1N<. TO

APPENDIX.

• \'

K... 1—

No. -J.—
No. :».-

No. ».-

No. i.-

No. !>.-

No. 7.-

No. H.—

Return to au A.lilrc-, of Slu- I.cu'islutiv.' .Vs'.i-inMy, for the INiiiimti- iim<l<' liy Mr. Kiel.T lor ii
( i.iml to (oiiii.i I I.ukr. St. l-riiiiri!)»iMl .■>!. I.ouis, of -J.Vi.iHKI/., hIIii.I.hI to in a Messui;.' of
till, lute l.oril >_Ml.iilmm, laid Iwl'orf tlie lloi|.iu on the -Jdtli Siplrml.. r \Hl> - - | . 14:J

IVtiliou of (i. Unuidit, anil other*, of the I oiinty of Vuuilreiiil, presented to the House on
the 'Jild of Mptinilxr l.-'4J I'- '■»■>

Mes'aite from Mis Kxcidlencv the ( :o>enor-(iiiiir,il. «ilh K\tr.ict» from varioin Ue..|.atrlii.*
relative to the a|p|M>iiiliiieiit of an Ilii^'hieer in KngiamI, to superintend the Works on the
HiverSt. 'iiwreiiee; JMPlh S.'ptcudMr 1><4-J p. 144

I oniparatiie Slui-inent of tlie llontes proposed i.v rliiferent Knuineer* for u .Steuni-huat
('anal, lietween l.ake» SI. IVam is and St. l.ouih, extracted from the respective Ueports, liy
Saiiiurl Keller, Civil Kn^'ineer p. 14(1

Ueiiort on the several lloiitrs proi)oseil for a (anal throujrh the Seij,Miiory of Ueauharnoi-.
to eonniet Lakes St. Francis and St. Loui;., 17l)i I'elininry IS4i2; hy Saiunel Keefer, (ivi

to
Knjrin

1
1.. 14S

Heport of the Survey of a llonte for a Canal thron).'li the Seiyniory of Beiiuharuois, with
Kstiiinites. 10th I'ehrnary IHlt.'); lij Alexaiiiler Stevenson, Civil En^'ineer - - p. I ti)

Heport on the I'raiticaliility of eoiistruetiii); a Caiinl throujrh the said Seigniory, witli
l;stiiiiati»,-J"th I'ehrnary 1H35: hy N, II. Ihiird, Civil Knirineer - " '•

liislrnclions from the Hoard of Work* to .Mr. Tate, to survey the S(Mith Channel of the
Hiver St. LawreMie helween (irand Isle and Heanharnois, and also u Itoute for a Cainil

ihronL'h the S,.i._riiiory of Ueunhariiois; l-Jth [•'elirnary 1H4u' p. l.iii

No. l».— First Hejajrt of Mr. Tateon the ahove, 'Jlst Mareh 1H4-J p. Ij7

K„. lO.-Seeoml II. port of Mr. Tate, on 1.1th August 1H42 p. lo8

IS',,. 11.— Third Kepoit of Mr. Tate, on 1st Septeinher IM'J ji. liJO

No. 1-J.— Fourth Report of Mr. Tate, on loth Septemher I«4i p. 15!)

No lU— Letter from Secretary of Hoard of Works to Mr. Tati>, eontainini,' further Instruction", (itli

July If4-J - ■- p. 1«1»

No 14 —Report of the President of the Hoard of Works on the Beaulmrnois Canal, 1st Auiinst

1N4-J p'mn

>'o. I.J.— Report oFk Survc V fi>r a Ciiiial on the Xortli Shore of the St. Lawrence, on n Honte suj,'-
nested hy the lIo'noiiraMe Mr. llurwooil, Seiitiiior of VauJreuil, .")th ,luly 1H4J; hy Samnel
Kiefer, Civil Kn^rineer ------------p. I(t4

No. 10.— Speeitieation of the Farth-work and Hock-work on the Beauliarnois Canal, hy Samuil
Keefer, Civil Fupueer ...-------.. p. loij

«„. 17._Corresp(UuUnce hetween His Ivxcelleney the (io ernor-geiieral and the Colonial Secretary,
relative to the plaiing of the Canal ou the South Side of the St. Lawrence - - p. 107

Jf^)_ IS.— Statement of the Ohjeetions to the Location of the Canal on tin? South Side of the St.
Luwrence, hy .lohn Simpson, Us(|., a -Memher of the Cominitteo .... p. 107

jy„. 10. First part of a Report of a Survey for a I anal on the North Shore, maile hy Order of Messrs.

Simpson and Harwood, .Itli Septemher 184-! ; hy William Ii. Casey, Civil Engineer p. 108
No. 20.— Second Part of the said Report, 17th Septemher 1S4'2 - - - - - - p. 170

No. 21. — Estimate of the prohalde Cost of constrncting a Canal on the South Shore of the St.

Lawrence, 1st Octoher 1H42 ; hy Samuel Keefer, t'ivil Eugineer - - - - p. IT'i
No. 22. — Estimate of the iirohablo Cost of 11 Cumil on the North Sliore, 1st October 1842 ; hy Samuel

Keefer, (,'ivil Engineer ....----.--. ^,, 174

No, 2;).— I'etailed Intimate of the jirohahle Cost of a Canal on the North Shore of the St. Lawrence,
3d t»etol)erlH42; hy W. 1(. Casey, Civil Engineer ------. p. 17,5

No. 24. — Letter from the Acting Clerk of the E.xecutive Council, enclosinj^ Copy of a Keiiort of a
Committee of the Council on the Necessity for an immediate E.xtension of the Puelic Works,
13th .lune IH42 " ' " , p. 170

No. 2o. — Letter from Secretmv of Board of Works, respecting tlie Detention of Witnesses for Cross-
examination hy the I'resident of the Bor.rd, 4th October 1842 - .... p. 177
Extract from Proceedings of Board of Works, 13th December 18.30 - ... p. 177
— lieport of the Board of Works to His E.xcelleucy the (Jovcrnor-Oeueral, relative to the
lieauharnois Canal, 14th December lis:J!) - -.-..... p. |;7

— Extract from a further Repo't of the Board on the same sulyect, 20th February 1840 p. 178

— Extract from tluit Part of the Report of the President of the Board of Works to the (ioier-

nor and Council, ihited 12th May 18J2, relating to tlie Canal from the Coteuu to the

Cascades ....... .- - -. - ..j,. jjtt

— Extract from a Report of CoL Phillpotts, Uoval Engineers, respecting the Location of the

Canal, 24th October 1838 . . - - " ij. 178

. — Hejiort (ui a Survey of the River St. Luwreuce between Coteau a Coulonge and Coteau

du Lac, 22d Septeniljer I830, hy Henry G. Thompson, Surveyor and Civil Engineer p. 170
, — Report on a Surve ,• of tliat portion of the St. Lawrence between Lakes St. Louis and St.

Francis, 31st December 1830, hy Henry G. Thompson, Surveyor and Civil Engineer p. 180
, — Letter from the Receiver-General to the Cashier of the City Bank of Montreal, respecting

a Loan of 20,()(KI /. for Public Improvements on the River St. Lawrence, 10th June 1842, p. Ihit

— Letter fronithe Cashier of the City Bank of Montreal, to the Receiver-General, in reply \t. 181

. — Copy of Fourth Report of the Standing Committee of the House of Assembly of Lower

Caiiuda on lloads and Public Improvements, 10th February 1834 - - - - \>. 181

No.

20.-

Xo.

27.-

No.

2X.-

No.

21).

No.

30.

No.

No. 32.

33.

No. 34.

35.

PIBI.IC WORKS (CA>.\DA\

'43

— No. 1.—

RETrilN to ill! ' DDRF.ss of tlic II()ii«€ of AssdnWy, of inth Soptcmbor 1M4-2, prnvinj; the Govor-
iior-nciirml to dcr tlic pro|M'r Officer Jo lay hcforc tlie Houso tlie E-itiiiiiitc nmdc l)V Mr. Kccfor,
lit •J.'i.j.KOo/. hIIiiiIimI to ill tlio lati- ijoril Svdenhmirs Mt'ssn^jo of la.'-t Scssimi (in ii Mi'iiitiriincliini
of tlic Clmiriniiii of tlie IJosinl of Work",) with any ji'lans, Survtvs, Report" or K-tiiiiati'-, rolaliiii;
to liie coniK'xioii of Ijiki's .SV. Frniicii anil .S7. t,imis, liy Muans of a Canal, with a Copy of .ini'n
iiartu of any Dispatch or Dospiitchcs from thp Colonial Secretary, riftrrlni^' the '»!inic siihjpot.

Kinipiton, 2" Scpti nil)er HUi. S. li. llarrium. Secretary.

ESTIMATE of ihc probahle Cost of eonstnictini; u Canal for Stenm-hoat.'' liitwicii
Liikc iSV. Franrii and I^ke St. lAiiiin,

The (listanoe of the River St. Lawrence heinj; 14 } miles, and the (liffereni-e of level Hi J tcct j
locks, J.', feet wide, 170 feet Ion;;, and il feet of water on the mitre sills; cHiinl, «il teet wide nt
liottoni, and lo feet deep, with slopes •-> »o I.

If Mr. Mills' river route Ite adopted, (W(/« \m Re|>ort Route, No. 1,) then we slmll have li^ miles
of canal, and 7 i( of river navigation, as follows: —

At Coteau Rapids:

2 I ii;iles of canal, avera^intr about 12 feet, euttin;: in clay chiefly, at 12,o0o/.

tine lock, 7 feet lift, and one ditto, 10 feet lifV

Dne triiard lock .....--•...

At Cedar Rapids :

1 J miles of canal, Rvemgins about 18 feet, euttinr; in (.lay and loose rock for
half the distance, the other half being river embankment, M feet hiirh, at
14,000/.

One lock, 8 feet lift - • - - £• 1 1.000 - -]

One ditto, 12 feet lift - • -
One (li'lo, lO.NO feet lift - -

At the Cascades :

l'i,">0(i - - • complete
ll,r,o(i - -J

£.

;)4,.j(m -

•21,000 ■

1»,(IOO -

(14,.")00 -

24,000 - -
:!."i,00l) - -

j»,500 - -

2 i miles of canal navip" N in earth and rock, and embankment in river,

avcrnffini; i.^OOd /. per mile

One lock, 7 feet lift - - - -£.10,000 - -1

One ditto, H.-.'2 feet lift - - - 11,000 - -complete

One ditto, 10 feel lift- - - - 12,00o - -J

Abstract:

The Coteau Rapids
The Cedars
The Cascades -

Superintendence and contingencies, 20 per cent.

Total

66,260
.■!;),ooo

80,200

(i4,500
59,5(10

8U,2.')0

21.'5,2")0
42,0oO

2rj,">,000 -

A saving of about 50,000/. may probably be efl'eetcd by faking the south side of the river.
Kingston, lli June 1841. (signed) Samuel Keefer, C. E.

— No.2.—

PETITION of O. Beaudet, and others, of the County of Vaudreuil, presented to the House

on the 23d September 1S42.

To the Honourable the Knights, Citizens, and Burgesses of Canada, in Provincial Parliament
assembled.

The humble Petition of the undersigned Inhabitants of the County of Vaudreuil.

Humbly showeth,

That your petitioners, on seeing the Report of the chairman of the Board of Works, were fully

certain it was based on false statements as to the facility aflbrded on tlie south side of the River

5()5. s 4 ^^- Lawrence

J^ff

\<''\

144

PAl'ERS RFXATING TO

f ■

St. Liwrcnrc over llic nortl. lidt, on llic <li|itli 0; wat<r sit tlic wistrni riitrain-c, on tlic wiiltli nnd
iinnilirr nf .lianncl^. and on llic co^t of tlir work ; in short, llmt lie had lukoii a ino«t |>rcjudi('cd and
iTroncon* view olttic ca-r, h)^i^^; i-itjlit ol'thr jinli;r in th<" advoratr.

Thai l.iin^' Honsihlu of tin*.' facts thtv, at tiioirowM cost, Imve dirertcd u survey of the route on
thf north -liore to !«• inaih' hy a skilfuliind »Hco«?ssful cn^^inccr, which report and levels now sub-
joined, lniiD* out most of the bImivo a.«MTtions.

Tlial at tlnir own co.-t aUo thev have direited soundinj;" '" ''C taken, and search made for the tliree
channel- ii.inied hv the . hairmaii as exi-lini; with i-i to 'Jrt t'.-et water at the western entrance, with-
out avail. Iiralinc ni.thim; of tlie alleged depth and width, or <iiiylhinj,' like a praetieable eluiimcl.

That llie I liicfcn;.'ini'er desired hnuys to he l.id down in n.ne feet water, to i;uide bwits coniin":
in with .ii|)nlies to t'he ciinal whilst inakinf;; but nothini; of this depth was to l»e had, and he was
oblirr, d to ,lc«ist, and make a new survey of this boasted entninee, to bear out the reimrt of the
chainniiii. whicli lu' is anaMe to do. That, on the contrary, he has discovered i>nly one, instead of
three c li.iinels, whicli is well known to be dan|jerous, narrow, crooked, shallow, and impracticable
for anvthiiK lint small lij;ht boats.

That, under all tlu-'e circumstances, your la-titioiHTs plead that justice has not been done, hut that
H svst 111 of (iivouritism has been dealt out, to the detriment of the public interest, and with a wasteful
expindilurc of the |)Cople's money.

That thev therefore prav witnesses may be examined, and a full investipition of the case may bo
tone into, and that a naval and land Bur%ey mavbi' nwuleon both sides of the river, by disinterested
and oompetent ix'rsons, unconnected with the )ioard of Works, (in which they must declare their
want of cimtidenec,) and that the prosecruticn of this vast work may bo stayed until such report i-^
made to and determined on by your Honourable House.

And petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever pray.

(sijjned) G. .B<"((H'/<^ (and others).
Vaudrcuil, Sejitcmher 1S4'J.

— \o. 3. —

MESS \(il'" from His Kxcellency the Governor-jreneral, with Extracts froiti various Despatches,
relative to the Appointment of an Ensrineer in England to superintend the Works on the
Ri\ cr .S^ Lan'mici;

Charles Bagot.

The Oovernor-frcncral informs the House of Assembly, in reply to the Address which tlicy liavc
piesented to him this moniiiij;, that no correspondence has taken place with the Colonial Secretary
durini; the years 18-11 and 184'i, on the stdiject of the appointment of an enKinecr, to inspect, report
on, or suiierintend the construction of the St. Ijiwrence Canal, s|)ecially ; but that u correspondence
lias taken place on the subject of the appointment of an engineer officer as commissioner, on the
part ot' Her Majesty's Government, to superintend the execution of all tlic public works about
to l)e undertaken by the jiroviiice with •he funds to be raised upon the guarantee of the Imperial
Parliament.

His Excellency feels some scruple as to the propriety of communicating this correspondence to
the House of Assembly without tlie permission of the Secretary of State ; but being desirous of
furnishing the fullest information to the house, his Excellency lays before them herewith extracts
of the correspondence which has taken place upon the subject, trusting that the Secretary of State
will, ujion being informed of the occasion, sanction the course he has adopted.

Government House, Kingston,
30 September 1842.

EXTR ACTS from ConRESPONDtNCE between Her Majesty's Secretary of State for the Colonies
and his Excellency the Governor-general, respecting the A]>pointmcnt of an Engineer Officer,
as a Commissioner on the jiart of Her Majesty's Government, to superintend the Public Works
about to be undertaken with the Funds to he raised under the Guarantee of the Imperial Par-
liament.

ExTBACT from a Despatch from Lord Stanley to Sir Cluirleg Bagot, dated 2 April 1842.

It can hardly he doubted that works so extensive, and calculated to produce such important
results, ought to be superintended by the best professional assistance which it is possible to obtain.
Her Majesty's Government entertain no doubt of the anxious desire of the Canadian Board of
Works to discharge with fidelity the arduous duties which will devolve upon them ; but I can as
little doubt the anxiety which they mtist feel to have associated with them in such a trust the best
protessionul assislanec which it is in the power of the mother country to furnish.

It is therefore inj- intention, in anticipation of the acquiescence, which I cannot for n moment
ilciibt, of the colonial legislature in the general arrangements suggested by Her Majesty's Govern-
ment, to send over an officer of engineers, whom, as Her Majesty s Commissioner, 1 trust the legis-
lature will have no difficulty in associating with the Board of Works, in the superintendence of the
worhs to be_ undertaken, nnd whose experience inoy probably enable the undertakings to be
conducted with the efficiency and economy which must be alike the interest of the colony and of
this country.

Extract

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

•45

ExTBikCT from Dbspatcii from his Kxce'.lciicy Sir Charlm liagot to I^ortl Slonlii/,

dated :2a April' 1842.

I TiiiKK It ni'cowiar}- lo make tome remarke on the appointmpnt of an en^ncer offirrr a^ Coin*
nii»>loner, on the part of Her Majetly's Oovcmmont, to »v -rintcnd thr ext-ciition of tin- workji.

Of course, a* Her Majesty's Oovemm;?nt provide the fundx vt'iih wliirh the publiir \r.)rki« are In
l>o condiirted, it is hut reaiionuhle that they Hhuuld have a share in the niuMop-inriit of it, if m>
drvlred. To oucli au ap|K>intinent Mr. Killaly would nut, I am Nure, object ; hut it Would Im> highly
de^iruhIe that the pernon to be 8rlp\;ted Hhould lie a civil and not a military eii|;ineer. The rulei* of
t|j< military i>ervice render oflicer« of the Koyal Engineers rcspon«ihle to their own immoiliatc
gu|KTion«, and to :i(> one else; they correspond only throu(;h them, and receive their inittructioua in
the name course. Where employed on civil works, this system inevitably product's delay and con-
fusion, and not infrequently collisions of authority. In every instance, I believe, in which civil
and military cnpneers have been place<l on the same works in this province, and the instances ari;
not infre(|uent, these inconveniences have arisen. If, however, your Lonlship would select a civil
en(;ineer to i;o-operate with the Board of Works as Her Majesty's Comniissitiner, I do not app'c-
henil that any difficulty need exist — none, I am sure, would bo made by Mr. Killaly ; but I
apprehend that the lepsfaturu would view with some dislike the ap|)ointment of a military man, the
rules of whose profession, as they know truni experience, would prevent them from requiring from
him that full information which they - )uld at once obtain from a civilian.

ExTBACT from DBsrATcu from Lonl Stanley to his Excellency Sir Charles Bagot,

dated 2d July I84'2.

In yovr despatch of the 28tti of April you advert to the necessity of ap|>ointin)r an engineer
officer, as Commissioner on the part ot Her Majesty's Uovemment, to sujHTintend the execution of
the works which may be undertaken, and |K>int out the reasons which induce you to prefer a civil
to a military engineer.

On this subject I have onli^ to observe, that if provision be made bv the legislature for the
payment of such p.n officer (which I agree with you would lie very desirable). Her Majesty's Go-
vernment would liBve no preference for a military over a civil engineer, nor any wish on tlie
subject but to procure the services of the most competent person who could be engaged for tliis
purpose.

595*

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1'AI'I.HS UKLATlN(i TO

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4 k

REPORT on iIk- wvcnil Roitfj* prop<iml for a Canal lliroupJi llm Scijrniory of Bcauharnoin, to
co'ini-*! IjikiH St. Frunii- iiid Pi. I/)uis, My Samiirl Kerfer, Civil En({int'or.

Sir, Went Ilawkcdbnry, 17 Fcliruarj- 1842.

O.N thr 2cllli anil 201I1 ultimo I made an txiimination of tlif routcsi projiotied l>y Mr. Baird and
Mr. Sfcvciiw.ii for :i caiiKi tliron^fli tli<' .Sii;niory of Heiiuhamois to unite the waters of Lake
St. I'niniis and |j»ke Sf. l^iuiH ; and [larticulHrly "of tlie south tliannel of the river, in onli • !o
MT if ill)' iilea whirli liatl \»v\\ nuct'entcd, of niakin^' one or more dams on that rhanncl, for the
|)nr|M>M' of mukini; it naviuuMe to the lower end of (Jrand Isle, was ot.e that could Im- carried out.

I took with ine the reimrtit an<l estimates made liy ihoKe pentlemen, and Mr. II. G. Thompson's
report on hii* survey of tne wiiilh ehanix'!.

\\ itii reference to damming; the river: I find Init one dam at the lower end of the island would
nilHi' the water '23 feet, and IIoch! a );reat extent of cultivated land on the main shore ; and the
houM-s beinp huilt all alontf the hank of the river, which varies from 4 to 12 feet above the surface
of the wafer, the thinj; ix therefore impracticahle.

But apiin, in order t« |>aKs in rear of the villape of St. Timothy, (we cannot po in front), the full
hcipht of the level of I^ake St. Prancia must Im- maintained, or nearly ho ; coiii'e<|uently we cannot
resort to two or more daiMH. All, therefore, that <-an be done in the way of avadinp ourM-lvi-s of
this channel will l)c to dam it ifoniewhere about the preat bend, a little above the river Marcheterre,
where there is a shoal and hiph tiankx on each Hide ; the fall from the lake to that place beinp
al)Out fl feet, and the Jiack water would therefore do but little damapc to the land and j)ro|)erfy on
the shores above it. I''or this sniall udvantaire, however, I would consider it unwint- to incur the
risk of makinp a dam, which, do the In'st we couhl, niipht be subject to some unforeseen disaster
that would de-.troy the navisrutiun, particularly if evil-disponed persons, o.- an cm'iiiy in time
of war, should endeavour to do ho.

Tliere is still another reason iipainst a dam : by Mr. Thom|)Hoirs survey it apnears that even now
there are pnivclly shoids at the cntraiu'e of this channel, formed, utidoubtetily, by the action of the
westerly winds. ' It is quite evident, theivibre, if tlie current at the head were checked by a dam,
the formation of shoals would po on more rapidly. I have, for these reasons, therefore, abandoned
the idea of a (liini.

The inland route, by the Uiver St. Louis, and cominp out at Beauharnois villape, is recom-
mended by Mr. Uaird, solely on the score of cheapness. His estimate for that route is 11)4,800/.,
and the estimate of Stevenson is i24, 444/., makinp a difference in his favour of i>U,G44/. But
by his route the distance is 15 j miles, and ihat by Stcvension's 1 1 {, making a ditfi rcnce of 4 miles
in favour of the latter.

A careful examination of the cs' 'mates has convinced me, that in respect to cost, Stevenson's
route is the cheapest.

Mr. Baird enters all his rock excavations at 'i». yer yard, and in Stevenson's estimate (approved
by Mr. Baird) this item is set down at 10,«. ; and for rock under water surface, ia». a yard. (See
the estimates.)

T.Tpon the whole, I think the line run out by Mr. Stevenson a very judicious one, and one which
I thmk the nature of the country points out. Mr. Baird, too, has piven his full assent to
Stevenson's report, and, as I said bcibre, only recommends the inland route on the score of
economy.

There are two reasons more that may be advanced against the route by the River St. Louis : —

1st. Drowning lands, by raising the dam at the saw mill, as Mr. B. proposes. 3 feet. I am
informed that the present dam causes serious iioods every spring, wlsich injure the iuiida ; and
to raise it 3 feet more might drown and destroy so much land as to make this a very serious objec-
tion to the inland project.

2d. The Locks at Beauharnois, if not combined, must be placed very close together, which,
on so great and important a thoroughfare as this canal will be, should be avoided.

Tlie locks on Stevenson's route can be disposed at convenient distances, by descending the hill
more gradually.

The best route to unite the waters of these two lakes has long been a subject of consideration
with me. You are aware that I assisted Mr. Mills in the survey of the three routes on the north
side, and should therefore have a ])erfect knowle<lge of them ; and I have now no hesitation in
expressing the opinion, that Mr. Stevenson's route, or one corresponding with it very nearly, will
be found not cnly the cheapest but the best in every respect. Generally thrnv~'-ouf this line, we
diall hai e su ;h command of the ground as to lay the canal so that the excavation sliall just make
the hank . I'he line is continuous, and away from the river, free from the disturbing causes of ice
and high ^a er, and is perfectly under command.

I wouh vish to see a more particular survey made of the mouth of this channel than that of
Mr. Thon.r sons', which was made in very unfavourable weatlier. The position and extent of all
the shoals siiould be accurately ascertained, in order to see if there is any impediment existing
here to the adoption of this route; but I do not think that anv other surveys are required, and
nothing more, in my opinion, need be done until the work is to be laid out, when much skill will
be required to determine the line of minimum expense. It would also be nec'ssary to examine
the quarry M St. 'rimofliy, to see if the stone will do for the locks, and to seardi the country for
other quarries, if this will not answer.

Respectfully submitted, &i'.
i (signed) Sati'uel Keefer.

•The Hon. H. H. Killaly,
Chairman of the Board ot' Works.

Il»-

i»LULIC WORKS -CANADA).

I .U)

— \... (i._ • ,

REPORT of the Survey of a Route fur mi IhIimmI Cunul for Steain-lioiits lo ecniinuiiirnlr
Utween the fjikin St.'Liiui* iiiid Si. l''ruH(iii.M, thr(iii(;h llie Fir<l Cuiirefcioti of Ihanliiinioit,
tojietlii-r witli I'hiiis SrctiotiH, and l>liiniitf ot the |iroliiiliU' Tout of efl'crtiii;: the miiiic. on the
Seuh'of 100 feet wide lit hottoni, with |o fx't d>'|illi of water j the lA>ek» to lie ioo tiet hin)i,
hy && feet in hreiidth, and to have feet Water on tl>e Mitre SiU.

In ol»e<lience to yo«r rominandx, I have examined very mirinlely the eoast of \r\tv St. MmiR,
from the harlxMir at lieauharnoiH Villa^r up to the foot of the nij)itls of the ('atariM|ui, or St.
I.«wreiiee, a di'-tanee of uhoiit two Miili>. and (onnd more than suffieient water for an v veHselH idyinv
on the St. Ijiwrcnce, with a eh-ar coai-t and sniiHith holtoin ; and near the fo<»t ot these ni|)id» T
found a litt'.e eo. i', at A. on the plan aecoMiimnvini; tliis Report, at the hindiiit; pluee of one
Couvillon, otferiiif; tlic most convenient !"|iot wherein to eointlruet the entrance to a eanal of the
ahove deM-ription.

I next went to Lake St. Franijois and from n distance out into the hike I sounded the channel
dow-nwardx to half a mile Im-Iow the upper end of the (irande Ixle, and there, fliidint; the water to
become too kIuiIIow for the purposes reipiired, I landed in a little cove, ut \ji; Bii-uf'i) farm, next
'.uovc M'Pheriion's Point, where the hunk \» low, aiiii 10 feet of water is found at loU teet from
the ahore.

At the jHiInt D. (on the ]ilaii) I oommeneed tukini; a level inland, to iiuss all the rapidH in one
continuoim line, and far eiioii(;li liaek to avoid all the iirineipal ravines, with which the liunkg near
the river uhound very iniU'h; and liavini; eontiiiued the level downwards to the point A., at Coii-
villon's lundinfT, 1 found the ditference to he HU feet and ,'„-„, and Ihe dislanec 1 1 miles and (iU
chains, passinsr thiouirli cultivated fields in the (ircaler part of the way, crossing' over a small river
at C, called Petite Hiviere Miireheterre, and another at D., called Uiver Si, Pierre, over ewh of
which an ai|nednet woe'd reipi:re V> he constructed : that at C would not he either extensive or
costly, hut that at I), wixild lie liotli, and form a consideruMe item in the total prolmhie cost.

The first mile on this route (o» almost always is the case) would he the deepest <-uttin^, hut the
deenesl "".rt of that would not amount to 17 teet : 't is a rufa soil, somewhat rocky, iiut there is no
'.a of rock in it; but still it must be callcil la>:d cuttiii);. The 2d, Ud, 4tli, Ath, and nearly all the
tith, would he of the easiest excavation |Hissi'jle, no where execedin<; four or five feet in depth, and
bein|^ just enough to form the iii?e(>ssarv ei'.hankments, which constitutes level cutting, as shown
upon the tninaversal section No. 3. llie'e next succeeds one niiie and three-nu.irters of primitive
soil, rather stony, but without any bed jf rock in it, — but from the nature of tiic soil, and its loose
texture, it cannot be rriiiked with th:- most difficult, es[ie«.'iiilly as there would not he any deep
cutting in that distance, which vtiU appear hy examining the section \o. 1.

This piece of hard cutting is opjiosite 8t. limotliy Churcli, and the new mill, and requires a lock
to he located there at station 120.

The remaining three miles and a quarter, to arrive at station 144, the uppermost of the seven
lifts, is oblique cutting, being in the side of a clay hill the whole way, and consequently the very
easiest excavation possible ; us shown upon the transversal section No. 3. In order to give a more
jicrfeot idea of the depths of cutting required from station 144 to station loO, a distance of 1,100
yards, and comprehending the space allotted to the seven locks, I have laid that down ou a naturol
scale, in section No. 4, showing the location of each lock, and have niarkeil the <|uulity of the soil
under each reach and lock, hy which it will he seen that from station 144 there is a distance of
003 yards, consisting of clay soil, and 473 yurds of hard grit rock, besides about 40 yards of rock
under water, to lie excavated for the entrance.

The whole of this route, taken together, f' jrcfore, forms perhi.ps one of the most advuntageoui
that can be imagined ; the excavation is comparatively easy, and the greater part extremely so ; no
embankments required but what may he made up by the proceeds of the excavation of the side ditches;
several culverts will be required of about lUO yurds long each, hut ns the water courws are not
large, those culverts would not require to be very wide: the line surveyed crosstw three public
roads, over which substantial draw or swing bridges would have to be erected, hut private ones (of
which there would be required one at every holf mile, at least,) might be iiiiile less substantial ; I
should recommend turning bridges, however, in the first t^use, both on account of the great hreadtii
of the canal, us well as its being required for steam-boat navigation; but, for the r«ttsou above
BtRted, I think it would be bettT to dispense with the serv ice bridges altogether, and allow the
farmers to make recesses in the banks of tlie canal, and keep small scows there tor crossing in
whenever they may require it The breadth of land required for this canal will be an object of
some consideration ; for it wilt occupy nou teet in breadth for the canal, its h;>.nks, tow-paths, side-
ditches, and a road upon each side. Much nmy depend u|ion legislative enactment, but if the
regulating tiu> price of land be left to arbitrators, it is iiii|iussibie to give more than a mere guess at
what the cost may be; but the total quantity of land required to be occupied tor this purpose will
he 430 acres. TJiere is a lime-stone quarry, near the locution of the lock at St. Timothy, which
may greatly facilitate the construction at that place: tlie lime produced at this quarry is of good
quality ; but, from the quarries not having been explored to any great extent, it is not known
whether it will produce good building stone or not. The seven h'cks at the entrance, however,
being so near the Lake St. Louis, the building stone for them may !•« brought irom the very best
quarries in the district, at comparatively small expense, by water; while the best of lime, sand,
rubble stone, &c. may be had in the immetliatc neighbourhood of the works.

E S T I M A T E :

Section of first mile
8d - 4 J miles
3d - 1 ^ <l>tto to 7 S
4th - 3 i ditto 10 chs.

595-

- '274,500 yards, a' 1 s.

- 481,530 „ a' flrf.

- 2-21,700 „ a' 2#.

- 421>,702 „ a' e(/.

*»i

£. s. d.

13,728 - -

12,()UH 8 -

•22,170 - -

10,744 10 -

{fontinuti)

'•\^

•50

I'AFEUS RELATIVK TO

|; '

>' H

Upper InrkK, New. G, and 7, anil
Kxlra in l(M'k No. A, lu ti-ct ruck -

l>Hk No. 4

Hi-nrli Ix'twvcn N«. 4 und 3 -

I^Kk N<>. a

lU'ui'h hi'twpin No. 3 and 3 -

!^k No. a

I<ock No. I to water <'<l({o

IJndiT wiitor for entranue

ll<!iid entmni^e of cunul rlitio -

34 milM aide dit4-lici«, a' 3u/. per milu

00,702

r,,}w

I .-•70

ii,n<i(i

l,4-.'0
1,U44

8,/.
Iltx.
I0«.

Uj.
10*.

»».

Mm.

10 J.

ia«.

I5i.

Total for Exouvalion

£.

Mawinry of ,11 tlio locks, incliidintf the Rimrd-lock, and ooniprflirndinj; nide-
walln, piiTu, iti-nlreforts, win^j wallK, brtustwork, iind inverted urclies — 01,040
cuhir yurdx, a' 'i.'>t. ..-•.----•-

A(|uvdu>;t over River Sli>. Pierre .---

Ditto - - Marehentcrrc - •

8tone workwante weirs, a' 1,000/. eai'li

3 large culvert*, 3(t0 yards, 8 feet dianit.ter, «' 40«. |>cr yard . - . .

3 small ditto, 300 yards, 3 feet „ a' 7 *. per yard . - - -

7 jmirs of |{at(«, for » locks, a guard lock, a' H.W/.

3 turning bridges, 1,000/. each -

430 ucns of land, at lo/. per acre -

2 dwelling-houses for lock-keepers ........

Engineer, ahaistant-enginecr, clerk of works, overseers of works, &c. &c. -

Contingenciea, a' IS per cent, on 105,101)/. It.

£.
3,330
3,603
2,602
•.»,2.'>4
2,603

071
3,111
6,833

2,637

4H0

84,608 3

77,430

0,000

2,.5O0

0,000

000

106

6,060

3,000

4,300

400

4,350

5 -

195,100 7
20,275 8

234,444 10

£. t.

84,008 3

—

77,430 6

8,600 -

0,000 -

705 -

—

5,060 -

3,000 -

4,300 -

—

400 -

4,260 -

20,276 8

224,444 15

RECAPITULATION:

Totitl excavation, comprehending lock pits and side ditches
Masonry in all tlic eight locks ......

Aqueducts ...---•---

Waste weirs --

Culverts -

Ix)ck giites

Bridges .......-.-

Purcliiisc of land .-.-.--.-
Dwelling-lioutics for lock-keepers ....--

Supirintendenc , &c. ........

Contingencies .........

The immense breadth of this canal, as it is proposed to be constructed, and the great dispropor-
tion between the breadth of the several reaches, and the length and breadth of the locks, added to
the nimecessory depth of water mentioned, together with the consequences attendant tliereon, form
the principal reason for the estimate of the probable cost being sohigh ; for were it a canal of more
just projiurtion in all its parts, and the depth of the water such only as in all probability might be
required for the commercial intercourse l)ctwcen the two Provinces, the estimate might be reduced
at least two-fifths. The favourableness of the route, and the easiness of the excavation generally,
warrant this assertion ; and I feel confident that, if the canal (or any canal) be constructed upon
the proposed scale, the country, and all concerned, will find groat disappointment, us far as regt. -ds
revenue from it, and almost as much obstruction as facility in the communication.

The map accompanying this Report, and sections, shows both sides of the River Cataroqui or
St. Lawrence, on the north-west side of which is laid down the route of a survey for a camd, made
last year by Mr. Mills, as well as that made this present year on the south-east side, through the
seigniory of Beauharnois, by myself, and to which I would now beg leave to refer yon tor the
more perfect understand in<T of this Report. The distance on the S. E. side is nearly as short as on
the oflicr, and possesses this particular advantage over it, that the excavation is much easier, — will
cost considerably less in the first instance, — is continuous throughout from one lake to the otlier,
and therefore not liable to such interruptions as will, and must necessarily, be incident to the
navigation of the other, from there being one break of about five miles, and other interruptions in
other parts of the whole distance there, which, besides the inconveniency, risk of property, and
danger of life, from being exposed to tremendous rapids in case of the slightest accident, must
occasion 8toppar;es from the times and periods and diiferent modes of being propelled, and perhaps
trsmsbipments also, which cannot be the case upon a continuous canal. I have taken every pains in
fixing the prices in the above estimate, and I feel quite confident that, were it thought proper to
Imve the canal constructed on the route here mentioned, there is not an item in that estimate, but

contractors

n<*

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

• ■Ji

rontrnptors VMj be fonnd to execute the work for, and in «oroe cai<ca pml«bly for \vm than wliai
in mrnlioned.

l!ut in coniwiucni-e of the amt direiwity of opinion that eniKlii on the iiihjct'l of th«> dinii'n«ion«
nec»ary fur a canal and itH Uxkn to luive, in ortler to priMiiii'c the iniMt U-ni'Ki'lHl crirct* for the
\itt*t outlay; in tht; lipit inntam;*-, nOer liavini; exaniimii the hmt Kn-nrli it» well iiit Kii((li«li nutlio-
riti<-« thereon, and takini; into conxideration the dimennionii of tliiMc fiitmla aln-ady conxtrurit'tl in
llp|i«!r and Lower Canatla, particularly thiist' of Chanilily, J^ehinc, Ridcan, (ircciivilli-, Currillon,
and that of the Weiland; and ul»o M'einj; that an en^inifr, wid to In- one of the lint r\iu» of the
United Mtatew, ha* lately (when railed upon for hi* ojtinion ili to the dinu'niii4in>i pro|M-r for a canal
to connect the watem of Lake Ontario with those ot the iiudHon, through the tilute of New York)
given it as his opinion, tiiat the canal now constru<'Ving in UpfaT (.'anaiht, l>y which lo paj<it ihe
rapid* of the Long Sault, tic, as well aM that n-vommended by hinisielf to communicate U'two-M the
Lakes Saint Ltuis and Haint Frani^'ois, in the flower Province, are mere ex|M'riment», at least
from his statement such a conclusion i.t quite i^aturul; and as if to couiitcnict all the iM-neficial
»ficct8 rf woik* of such lar^e dimensions to them* Frovini:es, he has recommended u canal through
th.' st<>.(e of \c\r York to draw off the business, which otherwise was intended to occupy those con-
templated Canadian Canals, to the New York marlrei, through an immense tract of country,
through and by means of a cansl of half the dimensions of those recommended for Canada. His
pro|Hwi:ion, however, to his own countrymen, being foi.nd within the strictest rule of fconomy and
propriety, and in conformity with the common rule in such cases, namely, that of aioptiiigsome-
liiing similar in dimensions to what is lUrendy established to good effect as to revenue ; and also
such, 81 much as |Kwsible, as can supply the wants of commercial intercourse, and considering it
better for all concerned to have tv. o parallel canals of a moderate size, such as the Wollund,
Chunibly, or Ottawa (those are Among the largest cluss), provided the face of the country admits of
their being constructed with facility, anu <tt a comparatively small expense, rather than to lay out
a great sum of money to construct a di!<prop»r*!-jiieu .:.';:.•>!, which from the unwieldiness of its
moveable parts, the power required to manage it, and conse(|uei.«.ly the great loss of time in the
transit from one level to another, by which almost us ijiuch obstruction as (acility would be proved,
and the costly experiment be found of but little effective good.

Seeing, ,1 say, that all these things and circuinNtances concur to justify me in what I have ali^ady
oflvn had the honour of stating to youriielf on the subject, I have taken the lilierty of computing and
drawing up another estimate of the ex|)enst! of constructing a better, and for many and the most
cogent reasons, by far the most efficient caws!, Iv follow the same route, and to tenninate at the
same {Mints, both ways, as the one of which we have been speaking above, for eight feet depth of
water : locks to be 33 feet wide by 110 feet long within the chambers, and to have seven feet of
water on the mitre sill ; the distance being 1 1 miles and Ot) chains, and the guard lock to be com-
bined with a lift. This proposition, with respect to the dimensions of the locks, may Ix' mu le lo vary
considerably as to the fcngth and breadth of locks, without incurring much udditionul ex|ionse ;
the work being the same, tlic level, af^T the first mile and three quarters, is the same, consetjucntly
the depths and prices per yard are the same in corres|Kinding sections ; there would l>e re(|uired
one more lock in this case than in the other; but even Uv'mittiiif

bears but little proportion to the foregoing estimate :

Estimate, for

Hitting that, it will be seen the ex|)ciise

10,404 cubic

yards cxcavi

202,752

ditto -

123,200

ditto -

203,040

ditto -

00,084

ditto -

2,444

ditto -

2,444

ditto -

6,388

ditto -

2,444

ditto •

2,320

ditto -

2,033

ditto -

11,200

ditto -

077

ditto -

1,400

ditto -

24 miles side ditches

next 4 — ...

next 1 J —

next 3 j —

upper locks. No. 7, 0, 5

rock in lock No. 4 - -

- ditto No. 4

rock in reach between No. 4 & 3

- ditto lock No. 3

- ditto between No. 2 & 3
r'^ck in lock No. 2 • -
in lock No. 1 to water edge -
under water for entrances

ditto at canal head

at 20 /.

•' Total for Excavation -

Masonry of nine locks, including the guard lock, and comprehending side walls,
piers, centre-forts, breast-work, and inverted arches; 32,023 cubic yards, a'
26 1, per yard --

Aqueduct over the River St. Pierre ........

Ditto o^'er Petite Riviere Marcheterre -...-...

stonework waste wiers, a' 800 {. ea'w-li ........

3 great «ul verts, 240 yards, a' 2/. per yard • -

3 small ditto 240 yards, a* 7 ». per yard .......

8 pairs of gates for nine locks, and regulating gate

3 swing or draw-bridges, a' 800 {. eacn ........

200 acres of land, at 10 i per Mre . . .

3 dwelling-houses for lock-keepers, a' 200 /. each .....

Superintendent of engineer, assists , clerk of works, &c. ....

Contingency on 119,708/. 14 «., a' 16 percent. ......

Total Probable Cost - - - f .

£.

«.

a' I*.

0,702

a' ad.

6,008

a' 2».

12,320

a' Od.

7,826

a' 9d.

2,032

a' \o».

1,222

a' 10*.

1,222

a' 10».

2,424

a' 10«.

1,222

a' »».

1,044

a' lot.

1,400

a' log.

6,033

a' lu«.

732

a' 15».

1,009

per mile

480

- - £.

52,006

40,038

6,000

2,500

4,800

480

4,000

2,400

2,000

000

4,250

17,060

15 -

16 1

137,708 10 1

59.5-

Th<

r nv

i»afm:h.s kki.ativk to

Tlip (U'slr Iktp i»ro|K«f«l, iillh<mi;li «<• inii.li .niallir lliiin llir <>m' IH-Cirr Irwili'il ..I, i« «lill wiml w
nillrd the liiru'i-t ■li" ..IrHiial. ; it <:i\\ Ih' viirir.l, li..«.». r, in llic iliiM.li«i<.n« i>t ili«' Im-W* r..ii«MliT-
»l.|.-, wiil,„ut iiii^ mill. ri;il Hiiu'liiriitation nflhr c.hI. A. I" ill.' .jii. -.ti..!, ..t li<.» tar it will iiriswpr
111.-' i.iiriHh.,. ..I II,.- |ir..lMl.l.- lr;in»|H.rt l«t«.'.ii iIh- l».i l'r..viii..-. l-r ii l..im Inn.- I.> ...im- nt l<'a»t,
ami ..f il- In.-riillx.ii.-". lli.r.- .'iiii Imr.lh » .l.Mil.t I..- .•iil.-rt..in.-.l ..i. . .llur ol iIkhi- .iil.|...-tH 1 .1 Iw

«-..MviiM-.-.l tinit it wiM »M'.«.r all lli. |i»r|»-.--..l tr -.|«>rl, «.- I.in.-niily 1. iii|"ir.- it Willi lli.- Woj.

Irii.I ('.timi. 111.- .'in.nHixt... ..I 111.- I." k. ..t«lii.-i. an- ill.- -.am.-. I.iil lli.- .1. |.tli ..( «iit.-r l.-« ; y.-l
»<-h.)<m.-r-. an.' .Ii.-r »ailiii:: .-raO, u'" llir'.uuli il will, ili.-ir la.liii-.', I.> «ail ii|...ii .-illi.r ..( Hit- lakni.
Till- hi.liiiic Caiiiil 0""' «'"• '"iMM.-" ..fill.' < Hiawii, a« w.ll a.« tlial ..t llic ( Hlar.H|iii ..r Si. lAwr<>iii|(>,
aro Ih.iIi <i..n.- niK.n il, «ill..ml lli.n- «|,|H-ariii« t" I..- »"> ii.-.-.-hhiIv t..r n larpT), law l.«;k» .1 (lie
»«m«-.liiii.ii«i..ii»..'Xt-.-i.t llii- |.r..;».-.-.l lianllin-.- (■.•.! iii..r.- in l.r.-a.llli, aii.l llir.-.- 1.-. I i.i.ir.- ..I.U-|itli<.l
walt-r Til.- Hi.l.Hii (anal, U|>..n wlii.-l. -lo«Tii-lK.atH an coiixluntly plyiint in lli.- |ir..|H-r m-hooii, Iiuh
lunii.'wiial larmr I.H-k-.. I.iit 11..1 m> irr.-ai il<-|illi .itHiil.r. Tin- Climnl.ly Ciiniil it not v.-ry diffcri-iit
in III.- ilinM-ii.i..ii» ..I il- I.M-k., lait il ulwi liai* 1.'«h .I<-|i|Ii c.C wal.-r. (HTmlinj; .-xia-iit-iH-c in the
|Iiiiti-.l Sliili-M ri-coTiini. mix kik-Ii .liim-iiBimiH t.i Im- tin" iii.Ht (-H'.-<-livt-, anil tin- fX|M-ruiii-t- of Kur(ip«'
kIiowh iilaiiiU lliHl llur.- in a iiiiiiiiiif>al>li- limit in mifli tiiw-», iH-y.in.l wliic-li it would U- H wanlc of

, „m ,„ ^,,^ wli.ii ttiP olij.-.l in view .an U- «.» fully altHin.-il nl »<> imi.-li li-iw of an outlay. It will lie

mlniitli.l, lli.-n. llial tin- |i'r.«|M>iM-d .liin<n»ii>ns with |wrliu|>» litllii variiitioii, ari- .-ap-ilili- of oliUiiiiin(r
I II til.- (-i)iiiiii.-r.-ial iiil.-r.-oiirH<- r.-c|iiirc-d ; and from lli.- pt-ciiimr iiiilur.- of itx liw-al itituiiiioii, 11 (-anal

ill,, r Hiilo (-oiild Imv.- lull litllt- niore lluin ill.- iw-.-n.linn ini.l.- l.> miKlaiii ; wliic li, not la-inn ''.'"

i-iiw- with ill.- |jii-liinf<'anal, it .-aiiiiot Im- ail.liiccl in (ir.Mif aipiinsl tli.- n.-ni-ral |iriiiii|)lt-H lierv laid
iliiwii, wliii-li, liuvini; uliown to In- i-orrt-ct, tin- i-onw-iiiit-n.-c-H follow, in a inatlt-r of .onriM.', hh to tlio
r-turi'i III Im- (•x|M-<-ti'.l from il ; tor tin- cwt of the |iie«.-nt tnHis(Mirt from Liik.- St. lAiuiti to Lake St.
Fraiivois amount- loniori' tliaii tin iiit.-rt-st of tin- ^UIll rMpiiri-d to i-.>ii»lruit lli. alM.ve c;anul ; and
iltlii- I^Hiliiiir Canal, witli it* loiks of I.-sh dinicliHionx, and wi.' tlin-.- f.-i-t less d.-|itli of water, b«i_
HiiMi-i(>nt tiir tin- biiBiii.-s!. ImiiIi of tin- Ottawa iindCiitaroqui or St. I^iwri-ni-.-, and also an int-reaHC of
it to t.'iifold (wliii-li il ii.ca-.y to demonBtnitc it to lie .-apable of), tli.-n, 1 kiiv, tlie out lu-ri-in pro-
iKiw-d is Clingy of HuHiri.'iitly larjji' diini-iwimiH tor the biisim'Ni. of tlir Calaroipii or St. Ijiwrt-n.f
iilone, for a loiin timt- to .-.in'u- ; and in all prohahility th.-n- would never In- iiiiy other required ; and
it i« uH certainly pri-(i-nilile to the one propiwed o!i the N. \V. »itle of river, for reaw^ns already
stated, both a« it ri'ifHrdx cafety ax well a»ex|>edition.

I liiive, kc.
To Liiwrcn.-p G. Brown, Esq. (sijfned) Alexander Stri-entm,

Montreal, 10 February 1830. Civil Engineer.

No. 7. —

27 February 1835.

REPORT on the Prnctirability of Constructing a Ca mal to connect T^cs St. Loui* and SI, Franru,
to avoid the Rnpids of the SI. Lnirrenre, from the Cascades upwards; from an Inspection made
in the Winter of 1S34 and 1830.— By N. H. Baird, Civil Eii(;incer. Montreal.

Sir,

In compliance with your instructions, commnnicated to me verbally in October last, to examine
the country between I^kes St. I^ouis anil St. Francis, throu[;h the sei<jiiiory of Beiiuhnrnois ; with the
view of nscertaininpr the practii-ubility of constructiiifi n canal of communication between those two
lakes, to avoid or overcome the succession of rapids from the Cascades upwards, und that on a
scale commensurate with the one now pursuing by the Upjier Provin.-c, ns also on a scale of more
proportional.- dimensions with the present and prospective trade, and with a view to the general
interests of the country : I proceeded on the 4th day November last (being jircvented from prior
engagement devoting earlier attention to the siilij.-ct), to Boiiuharnois, and with the assistance
of Mr. Stevenson, D. P. Surveyor, who had formerly traced the ground, commenced my ojwra-
tions, the result of which 1 have now the iionour to submit to your consideration.

Bearing in mind the (lifi-el object of the communication, the first duty became the ascertaining
the most eligible points of departure from botii lake< for the depth of water required, viz. nine feet
on the mitre sills, with a due n-gard to the distance between such points; these requisites I found
to exist at the point covering Beauhaniois Day, marked P. 011 the plan, and also that at A., two
miles above Beauhaniois village ; and in Lake St. Francis, at or near the commencement of the
south branch of the St. Lawrence, at B. and II. respt-ctively ; the former having been fix?d on by
Mr. Stevenson on his survey of the inland route A. B., as the most eligible, and in which I per-
fectly coincide with him, the exception of leaving at H. in place of B., as lniil down on the accom-
panying plan, and on which he has'.rawn up a minute and detailed report and estimate, which were
submitted to iiie previous to being elo>ed ; and atVer several n.-cessary alterations in the quantities,
and in some instances an increase of price, is siibniitted herewith for your information.

The descriptive portion of that Report, I may safely state, is by no means too highly coloured;
on the contrary, for certainly in all the course of my experience in practi.-al engineering, I never
traced a more eliffible line for the same distance, the formation, quality, with little excepfion, and
direction, being everything that could be wished; if there is a fault,! should say the excavation
takes, probably, too slight a. hold of the ground, thereby throwing more in embankment than the
dimensions of the .-anal, and nature of our severe and trynig climate to such works would warrant,
but tiiis may be readily reclified by a regulating lock at the upper extremity of the cut; and as
regards the pri.-es offered t. 'le estiniate, I consider them on an average fair, and what I feel
convinced the work will be done for. This linevas shown on the plan, measures I2miles, descend-
ing 83 feet, 34 by 1) locks, and estimated nt 2-.>4,444 /. 1 3. «. currency, and may be completed in
three years; that is, three summers and four winters, commencing at the fall or beginning of winter.

There is also attached, an estimate for a ship canal, corresponding with the dimensions of the
Welland Canal, estimated nt 1 37,768 1. :o «. 1 d., but to which I consider may be added 13,770/. 17 «.,
making the amount 101,343/. 7 ». Iti.

The

I IBUC WORKS (CANADA).

«5S

lial JM
•iilir-

li'iut.

To Im!

W<.|.

Tlir n«lur*> ■ihI lix^liiv of llir t;r(iiin<l lN-i»K «o niimililv Urwrilml liy Mr. Hii'vpiimiii, I i<t»mHli>r
it iiuilr uiiiir<'«'*'«ry lu jwell tliia il4-|i irt by* ri'ru|iiliiUlion ; aixl will hum |inii-<><il In hIuIp iIm)
nsull of niv kuInmiiui'iiI iiiVf«titrHti<in, in •■iini|ilinni.'<' with llic apiril iirtn'ir iiittriii'linUK, \\i. :

" Ta »»r'rri»tu wlH>llirr llii- liiir now ilfM-rilNil i» tin- Ihii( |Miwail>l<' line nf Dniiiiiuiiivnlioti liir iIm*
oliHN-t in vi«"W, or wlHilirr, liy a iiiiniilf iiivi-nliirittioii ul' tlw cuuiitry lyiii); U-lwifii iIm' h|. l^wn-iii'D
•ml llir t>t. Ijoiiih river*, n iiioro iliiriltlr luiil IrM • xpinoive iiii<{lit n<'t Ih- I'ouitU."

I a4'ronlint;ly |iro<'<<'<lf<l on llii» iirrvii-v (Mr. 8tr|ilii'nMin ImviiiK niirt'tl !•> I'oiiiplHf llu> «<<-lii>n
oftlir foniHT liiH'). uiiil trMi.-«^ titi' KiviT St. l»ui«, I'rooi l(« <-oiiHiit'ii('i' Hilli llu' Ijikr Si. |>iiii» in
II«>aulumiiiK Itiy. lo iln MXirtv, lliccoiiiilry iii'r«)«K fnim t)H-iic«' lo lliiii);ry iiuy.uiitl tlu' iiitcrtriiiiii;
«|m<f , Bnil ulliniatt'ly tixcd on llic (dotkil) linc-tukiii); iu ili'|iartiir<' I'roni tlic Uhv, In'Iom tlu- fortin'r
line Ht II., Ml) iM-ini; n pmlNtlili' liiiv tu i oniU'ct iIh' c-oniniiiiiirHlion liy wuy ol' ifii- Kivrr St. l/iuiH,
TItt- i-oni|ittrutiv<-ni<'iiU of cmc-Ii will ii|i|i«-ur in tlit'ir ri'»|M'('tivi' fxtiinHtt-K uml uilvaiilu(;i'pi.

The fnvuunthit' tinturi' of the ItankN of the Kivvr St. liOiiiH kui^otcil ihc idiii of itn iH'iii); inaile
aTBiliihIr, at a i-onijMrelivcly itniull rX|.4'nM', on the |irin<'i|il<> ol tianiininc (nhirli Iium U'ln piirKiiiil
witJi iMtuiuch iuccfMi on thv i{i<lf«u), ami which a ininiitr examination thereof ilemonHtniled to Im-
feanibU , to a iHTtain extent, or a* fitr »* the charaeter of the river NU|>|Hirt>< the |iliin in itn hi^h liiinlvn,
and which ba|ip<'iM not to extend far Ix'yond the |Miitit hI whieh llie line of jiinitioii fnini iIk
St. I^wreiice laiU in, at or nt^ar the domain line, tu uliuxe timt |>oint the hankx UKkUiiie tiuin.r
charactera.

Wlien tint I laid off this line, it wa.' my intention lo have taken my de|iarture from |ji Pliiiriii,
marked I. on the plan, which would liuve materially xliortined the exeuvutinn, but, on mukiiit; nji
tiie calenlH'ion, found the expenM) of :>M'kHu;e aeroM C'liival ltoii);e I*ointe<< on the St. I^iwrenee,
to be more than double that of a coniinueu line of excavation, which cauKed mc iiiiiiiedialely to
altandun the idea of leBvin|r the Hiver at Lu Fluurix, and a.H»uine that at II., or at Autoinc \m
Due's.

By thin route I pro|>oi4c to carry the navii^tion down the River St. I<oui!i to the lake In'Ihw, at
the Beauhariiuis t'oint, by a cut acrosit (chiefly uncoiieetled lundb) of only nine milei>, to Itiver
St. LouIh, evem^fin); nine feet deep uf excavation, with three lockn thereon, an vliown on the plan
and Dcrtioii Hccom|i«nvin)!, and lhenu( following; the courxe of the Uiver St. Louix to the saw mill
2 ,>, miles, the wat'<- \n-i\% raiited permanently three feet by a duiu IK feet in hei|;ht by '.'lio li'et in
len|rtii, at raid place, with a look of ei^bt feet dencent, with Minic excavation from the ImhI of the
river Ih>Iow of alHiut liOd yards in leii);th ; thence aloii); the river l^\, miles to jioiiit Iv on iilan
and itectioii, the water U-inj; raiiied sufficiently at auiil |Hiint, to throw biick-wati-r into .No. 4 lock
at the Haw mill, by the conKtruetion of a dam by 14 lid in lici(;lit and IIIO feet in length, and tliciico
with a lock of four feet de«<.'eut ; thence aloni; a beautiful Htretcli and Hlieet of water, to be rai!<cd by a
("mall dam Bt Beauharnois, cuttiii|; a few anil pii>siTij; over coverul of the ftreanm river, the cIIkiwm
beiiigKcnvrally low meadow land, which brin|{s the navi^tion to the present mill -diun at Ikuuhar-
noig, in a distance of 3 yI, milo.on or immediately above which site I propuite the construction of tliu
alxtve-mentioned dam acroNs the mouth of the Kivcr St. I<ouiH, at G., for which an excellent foun-
dation, on a smooth hard );rit rock [iiosents iti<elf, with lianks in every way suited for the conKtrue-
tion of such a work, iHiing about 2fi teet in heiuht; and from hence the line terminates in the navi>
cable water in Lake St. iXuis, in Beunbamois Bay, Nhcltered from every wind tliat blows by the pro-
jectin); points and islands oppi'-.i'.c, forming a miwt convenient entrance (having lu feet water within
125 feel of the |ioint), in the short distance of half a mile, and which I propose to descend by four
locks of 11, in, 12, and 10 feet respectively, with intermediate excavation, and an embankment on
one side corresponding with the ridt;e on the point, making in all four, 10 feet water in tlic River
St. Lawrence, at point li., to a simihir depth at 1'., in Lake St. Louis; l& j miles, at an expense of
104,600/. Is. lid.; for locks, 200x60x0 feet water; and for ditto, 134x33x8 leet water,
136,000/. n ». lOd.; and in the recapitulation of constructures, thus:

Bv nine miles' excavation, averaging nine feet. Nine locks of 8, 11,8, 8, 4, 1 1, 10, 12, and 10
feet liAs, with three dams, 10, 14, and 18 feet in height, by 250, lOU, and 100 in length, and six
miles by River St. Louis, with balance in locks, &c. &c.

In lecommending this route to your consideration as the more advisable, I ought, properly
speaking, to cop^nc my observation entirely to the subject of practicability and expense, Whicii, as
per detailed estimate, would appear to be decidedly in favour, was I not aware of the circum-
stances which have led to such an expense being incurred by the interests you represent, in so far
as pointing out the comparativemcnts of the several lines of conimuiiication, to those in whose
hands are entrusted tlie arrangement of the proposed improvements of the River St. Lawrence, and
who have already gone to much ex(iense iu ascertaining the practicability of such a communication
on tlie opposite shore of the St. Lavi'rence.

Then, urst, as touching the matter of estimate, leaving expediency out of the question for tlie
present :

North Shore : ■ ~

1. Route by the I^e of the Two Mountains, as estimated by Mr. Mills

2. Per inland route, along the bank of the River St. Lawrence,

16 miles

3. Per river improvement line, 16 miles .....

On South Shore :

1. Inland route along tlie 1st concession of Bcauliarnois

2. Communication, per River St. Lawrence ....

Those several estimates having lieen made up from similar premises, viz. for locks 2U0 x 0.3 x
feet woter, the merits of each, so liir as estimates go, can be appreciated. As to the practicability
of the river route on the north shore, I can culy form an opinion from the report of the engineer on
the subject, and my own partial acquaintance with the route, in which, however, without any dis-
paragement to the talents or ability of the individual, which, from the selections, must be beyond
doubt, and from what T have seen of the river and its hanks, I feci much disposed to think the
undertaking would be hazardous, and attended at times with much inconvenience to the trade, and
595. (J particularly

£.
443,762

324,043
230,782

11
3

u
34

224,444
104,800

15
7

n*)

"54

l'\l»KRS UEI.ATINd TO

i'l '

iMirtii'iilHrly from iUv u|>|inh«rMiion i.f lh« vrlooiJy of ih*- rurn-nl in llir »p<M-M pro|ioMil to Im< navi-
Ifiilnl iMiriK riimh itriiilcr lliiiii ttpn^^wcl, uikI ii» ii|ii).iir« at miili »iiriiiii<i' willi llir vilixilicii uh
niirpKiMHl on iIh' ii<(f«injMinyiiiK ['I"*". iii"<rliiiniil fmni lt»' lufMiund lrit;on»n»lri<iil .iirvry riiitclr
nixli-r thr illriMliim of ihr I'limniiwionrr* »|>jK>inl«il for Itu ini|ironmi iil«ot llir Kiv.rSt. Ijiwn nn-
in INItd, unil wliich »)fiii« to Imvr fxen done nl h m-Hnon fiivoimil'lc to kihIi work, iinil »illi iniirli
nirc iiiiil iiiiiiilioii, Hiiil from wliirli I rau«<<l the «notn[><iMyi«(r pliin to Ik- i (nii|iili<l. in orilir to
uliow, moi;rn|ilii<Hllv, tin- <oi.i|>arotivr iiiiritK of tlii' «tvi nil line* [iro|HiMd ; ami tlir fml of ouch u
lini (that I-, liy wav of tlir rivir iniprovnni iiIp«) Im intr -tri.tly lontinnl lo >ti'ani iia« iu'ntion. anil
thai .iltlif n'lo-i ixiwrrfiil < lii«» of vi««'lii, in conx i|iiincr liinitiriu llir aw ••mlinir, if not tlic wliol«
iMilc, lo \if 'iilijiri (htirrlv li> the niono|ioly "fsliani (ow.|>oat«' roriipanii «anil tlifir rliarcf-, lo«ay
nolliiiiif of llifrLk Hill iiiliint on ii-riili'iilii o'n lIn Mrjrr ofi"!!.'}! trrrirtir nii.icl. ; all wlii.-li iliftiiiiltiiM

• nil inroiiKiiiriicii ari' avoidiil liy ii roniinou* liiii' of na»i(;iilion iiil I. wliiiii'vir .\iry rliow of

viom l< iniiv I'll" iilofitr I'V 'li'' liro'iiillinu' or ilrnu'ifint: |io"ir, a.« rinnpitilioii may ri?iiliT llir nioHt

«ilvi«al>!r,'at all liciiiri ami « ii» of o|ii n navigation, iillimipiir rvi ry inaniiir o( rrafi, from lU;

ii'liomic'-.'anil l>rii.'» na\ii.'i''"n',: i-"^''* llnroti, Krii', unci t )nlurio, ilimn to the cmalli'M liatiran, to

parlir'iintr in till' Z'''"'''"' '"'""■*''' I"'""'"''' '''•' 'nlrri>l of i iniiriT in llir nmri' wiilcly ilifliiM-tl

'(hiiorniMilirH of lran-|>orlalion, in iilarr of liiini; -Imi klnl ly ll v miino|Milv « liicli a rivir roiiti' inuHt
nivr III riiiiiliil; in «iili|Mirt of »liirli I wonlil inKlamr llir Forlli nnil riyilc (anal in Srotlanil, con-
nirlinif ll !■ IVilli!' of r'orlli anil ( lydi', »« will a» lli'' < ulrilonial < '.inal, Init parliiMiIarly tin- l<)rnii'r,
ronvcviii" "calHimiil vr«.< Is willi full I'lirniMs, trarlv il lliroiitrli at an ijuirk a ralr a« tH'i('!.Hiry, at u
riiiiiiniralTvi' tritlr, iliflufcinnnur llir nry iiilirvoiiiii;' anil ailjaci'nt rnnnlry llir iM^ntfit of a niilional
••.\|i< nilitiiri'. ll woiiM. llurrforr, a|pprar lo inr. lliat for llir loniioini: iMi-onp< llir lint'H of iiiinmii-
nmnirnlion, ai now «iirvrM(l unil I'^linialiil nnilrr yonr iliri'ctioni mi ilu' mhiiIi -liort', "lioiilil not lie
tiroaulil in loniprlilion willi a ro'itc iTilaniiliiij; (if rvir il ii dom ) iiirli inionviiiirnir and ilisajvaii-
liit'i'i lo lilt' roinmiTi I' of aroiinlry, Inil willi tlic inlrnnnliati' roiilr on No •.', in tlir alwlrart, ut an
pxiiin-i' of :'.•-• I.IU'I'- 1 1 '• ■'"'• '"• ''"' di<]iara|,'i incnt lictwrcn wliirli and tillar of llif oiIht i'§ti-
mu'v* i" Buflii'iiMllv appari'iit, and vpcak" liir itJ-clf.

Urtiirr iloninL' i^d" Hipor'. ' •■'»'•' >"" '"''y '">• '""iiHidtT It (livrru'ing from llio object of my
invlrinlioii!., ^Iion'd I otfi'r a (i'W rcniarkH on llic nali- of i-anal ordnid liy llir I'ppiT ('Hiiucia
(ioMTiimi 111, am', llii' opinion of an I'littinci'r from tlir I'liili'd Slalo, a slranj,'rr to tlic motivcH and
proiMT iiilirrsl" wliirli miu'i' I" ri'),'iilali' tlii' drlcrmiiiulion of tlic pro|HT diini'iixioiiH ti»r u fiiniil to
ronnrrt tin' Allanlic willi l^akfx < )iilario and Huron.

Tlir i;!"'"' olijcct inust, of roiirwi'. In' to alford tin- ;;ront(itt fnrilily of romninnii'ntion nt tlu' least
piwHiliU- fxpi'iiM'. witli a dill' ri'^ard to llii' prcsmt and prii>|«'('tiv(' ifi|i'ri'»ts of cominercc, luid
tlic nature of riall liki.'ly lo nuvii^ali' siicli a comnmnicallon willi iidvnntajrc and coiivi'iiicni'L' to the

publir.

On the first, 1 flioulil lie disposed to think that the most prneticnlile si'iile in exception and nfler-
mananement.eapalile of pas-in>; theeraft imvijratinf;llie lakes aliove, wiili their nirfroes, from numc'-
Tons ports on these lakes, on both shores, embnieinij; moderate-sized slraniers, which expericmu' on
this river (I believe to the cost of enterprising individnals) fully eslalilishes, should not he of the
InrL'i'st I'lass, should determine the point of scale, and which has, in a jrreat measure, regulated me
in the dimensions of several works I have hail the honour to esliniate in tliese Provinces. In the
proposed improvements of the Ottawa, by the back of the island of Muiiireal for the Home Govern-
ment, and in the imnroveineiit of the Uiver Trent, to connect the Buy of Quinte with lake Huron
for the Upjier Canutm t;overnmcnt, and which latter is now under consideration, locks li)4 feet
lone X 3^1 in breath x 7 and fi feet water, and which, rc(|iiiring an excavation of much h-ss dimen-
sions, ns n nialler of course must materially nfl'ect an estimate, and on which scale I have drawn up
mv second estimate for the services. Consideration of those immediately interested, amounting to
130,000/. 17 jt. 10(/., as mv firm candid opinion of the proper dimension.4 for o practically useful
and convenient work, and in which I understand 1 am supported, however singular it mayupp-i-r,
hy the report of Judpe Wriffht to his own countrymen (reporting on the practicability of u canal
from Lake Ontario to join the Hudson), us ubout the projier dimensions for a ship eunal, to opiiotie
the coiials projected on ihe River St. Lawrence. Forw-'aring from further comment on the subject,
but referring to that report.

For the large Scale of Locks, 200 x a.'t x 0.

Again : Allowing the very huge size to be adopted, however expensive and unmanageable,
I would remark the unnecessary dimensions of excavation to correspond with the locks and depth
of water required, viz. nine feet over the sills, and which will at once appear when I state the tact
of the Caledonian Canal carrying 18 feet water, and possing large frigates and sea vessels, having
the excavation only 50 feet wide ut liottom, by I HI f.et at surface; water- locks, I believe, 170 feet
in length by 40 feet in width, and 30 feet in depth, with 2'i i miles of such excavation (projected
and executed by the lote Thomas Telford, Esq. civil engineer); from which it would appear that
(18 feet, but say, in round numbers, 70 feet at bottom, with proportionate slopes, perfectly suffi-
cient, and must cause a considerable difference of expense.

Havinp thus endeavoured to lay before you, in as condensed a form as the importance of the
matter will admit, the result of my inspection, in terms of your instructions, and trusting the game
may be sufficiently explicit,

I have, &c.
L. O. Brown, Esq. Bcauharnois. (signed) N. H. Baird,

Member of the Society of Civil Engineers, London.

Estimate

'11

im'iu.k; wohk.s « a.\.m>A).

I •/>

ESTIM ATK of thf Kjix'TI'i" of Cointnicfinif ii N*t kuhi.k r«N«i. rroiii Ijikc .SV. h'raftfi* lo I^iki- St. I^vii
III MVolil ill!' H;i|)iiU ill iIpi' Hmr Si. jAi'rntirr ln'twoii llii'w fjikix, U\ »iiy ol llic lti\4r Si, A«um.
Hy \. II. //inri/, <'i»il Kri^iiiifr. Iiao.

(I^)ck* 'tw X r>.-i X I) li'Pt wut«/-.)

rirnrint; Imiil Irom ^trttliiiiriit to Itiscr St. I/iiiia
(inililiini; • - ililin - - - ilitiu •
CiiHir-il'iiii lit I'litruiii'i' Itivcr St. I^wri'iiiv, iiml n

iiKiviiit; ilittii - - ...

Kxi'Hvaliiiii III \*\ mill', iiiniilil anil Any •

Ditto -

Ditto •

Ditto -

Ditto •

Ditto -

Ditto •
Ditto

Ditto -
Con»tructi«ii

•-•il

4th
.-,tli
(iili
7tli

Mill _ —

Dtll - —

rlii'i'k ilrniiii, Ih iiiilrs, nuv

• • ililto
KtruiiKiT

•iwutii|iy Rroiitiil

loi'k Jill,

Ol'lMllJlT-l

linn, and ri'iiiiiviiif; tiii' miiih

CoDntriictiuii of iluiii at fiiw iiiill, -J.'iO x HI

Ditto - loi'k ("IT Ijickanc)
ExravatioK f lioiiliiirs kr. IVoni t.iil of No. 4 loi'k
CoiiKtnirtioii oi'ilitiii at |Miiiit I'', mi I'luii
Kxnivatioii I'roiii ilani ^itr . . . -

('onDtrui'tion of <lani nt Hcaiilmriioin Mil!
K.xcuvatiun of lork iiiN. Num. li, 7, H, i l»

Ditto • iiitirini'iJiiilf, liiiwriii luck^, 4cr. kr.

Ditto - - ilitio ... ditto
Eniliankiiioiit Irniii front upward*, corr('s|H>iidiiig wit

riiliie to foriiii'r liaKiii - - - . .
ExL'uvution, iiiteriiit'diatr, Itutwecn 8 and 9 lock

Maaonrv op LocKg:

Masonry of No. 1 lock, in cut of juncliir- s
Ditto • -2 - — ' - , '

Ditto - a - — . - •

Ditto - 4 Hiver St. Louiii, H -

Ditto . .-, - — . 4 •

Ditto - II, 7, 8, 0, lit BeaiiliarnoiH, of 1 1 , 1 1),

12, and 10 fe«t . . . . .

Lock gates, inchidinp: niBcliinery, &c. . . ..

Construction and removal of coHiT-dnnm, &c. -
Swing liriilfti'H tor roaiU, >amc an on the Bur-
lington Bay Cuiial ......

Excavation of on River St. I.iOuii<, per detail

Damage to land, and compensations
Lockniaiiters' hon-ws, plain rubble work
Management, superintendence, &c.

:iiMi arreg.
171 -

I II I ,:I0'.> ) uriN.

l»H,.-.aii ' _
i;iM,»oii

•JJ.l,.-,-.'ii -

■J 4,7-.'ii -

Ii:i,h:i:i -

17,11 '

||ll,HI<l)

1111,^11111 -

|M _

ll,-"."lU -

I, -'00

>M X I >
■.>,00ll

111) X IH
■M 'II

•j;i,i4H
:io,iI4H

4,«44

ll,7-'-'

lfil,'lrtcul>. ft
2-JI,(I7-J
lOI.-.'Ifl -
H1I,2H!
O'.MOU

l).j<l,j.i0

1,7<I3,I).)6

fill /.

•am I.

7 If/.

t»,/.
Ill».

IK/.

III/.

7 •"
I' . i.

'. 1 1.
I $.

•J.<. <«(/.
I *.

.1x.
III/.

Hd.

I .<.

t. <l.

1,710

.'>.u:lil

oiiir.
u,.'i I :i

H,(l.-|-.>
-.'.M.-i

It J lit

.-I.OIi.'l

(l,.")l •
Illlll

4tl7
t< t

■ I 4
II -

II II
II N

III -

7.-)0 - -

1 .10 - -

ll.iO - -

Hill - -

11 ill.

90/.

l,l.->0 - -

.■.,•-•<>» i:l -

r,7H 14 -

1,0J| I J -

•J-.'-.> 4 -

n20 1 -

To which add 13 per cent, contingencies, 8uch a» extra claimo, pumping water, accidents, &c. &c.

Making a Total of - - . £.

•i,4flo -
:ifii) -

47,.Vj:t I II

1 ,il.>o

«,HfiK n -

84,ion 4 n

0,500 - -
760 - -

1,600 - -

6,300 - -

.■1,.)00 - -

430 - -

.5,193 7

10«,393 19 -
25,407 8 10

194,800 7 10

(K. E.)

Say one hundred and ninety-four thousand eight hundred pounds, seven shillings and ten pence, Hx. cy., and may
be completed in three years, i. e. four winters and three summers, and for the above sum will be contracted for by
res|K>nsiblc parties.

(signed) K. H. Baird, C. E.
Montreal, 27 February 1 833. Member of the Societv of Civil Engineers,

London.

505.

V -2

'11

156

PAPERS RELATING TO

T liu», on the sriile of lockagr, '.'<M) x a'» x t» (i tt water
Ditto - - tlilto 134 X 33 X 8 ~ •

Difference •

£. *. d.
I04,nOO 7 10
I36,IIU0 17 10

r>7,80e 10

(sijrnc(l) JV. //. Bnird, Civil Engineer.

LsTiMATK of lilt diffcrciit aoiiti'S per Mr. Milh.

Per l.'ikc of Two Mounlninx
IiiIhiiiI rofilr -
Kivcr route

North .Short'.
£.44J,7fi2 111 I i

South Shore.

.'1',>4,1I43 II r, (Inhitid) - ,f. 224,444 ir. -
i;3.V*<-' •< - (^'- Lc'iiis) 1U4,8(I0 7 lu

— -No. H. —

a ^U

INSTRUCTIONS from the Board of Works to Mr. Tate, to Survey the South Channel of the
River St. Ijnirrencr, hctwcen Grande Ifle and Beauharnoi» ; Jiid also a Route for a Canal
througli the Seigniory of Umuhamoit.

tjj,, Board of Works, 12 February 1842.

I AM directed to arqii'iiut you that the Board are disposed to entrust to you the survey of the
south branch of the Si. Lawrence river, formed by the Island of Beauhanioi:>, or Grande Isle,
with the view of a.scertainint; the nature of that channel, and how far it could be adopted as part
of the |)ro|)osed navifjation, between Lakes .St. Francis and St. Louis. You will oxainine particu-
cularly its entrance from I^ke St. Francis, its depth of water, nature of bottom, exposure to
winds, &c.

Having; piirveyetl this channel, and carefully taken the levels of the island and main shore, and
the levels of the' j»resent surface water, and ascertained with precision the dei)tli of the channel
and the rate of the current, to sucii point as a departure from tlie river becomes advisable, yon will
then continue your survey and levels across the country, selectinff the most favourable route for a
caiial, from the river to the Lake St. Louis at or near Couvillon's Lundin^r, or such other point as
may present greater ailvantaffcs for the debouchment of the canal. In such parts of this line
where the ground, by sloping, presents a choice of levels, you will take the cross levels necessary,
to enable the Board to judge of tlie best route to be selected.

Ul>on your general survey and examination, should you find this course generally a feasible
one, you will then proceed to ascertain particularly the breadth, depth, and nature of bottom of such
parts of the river as may appear to you to be the place where the locks and dams should be
located, to surmount the rise ci" the water. You will also examine with great care the sites for the
several locks ; and these the Board wish to be separate and distinct, with sufficient intermediate
basins, and, if possible, not congregated, as has been heretofore proposed in the several plans given
for this work.

The foregoing is a general line of the duty you are required to perform; but there are many
other details connected therewith, which, of course, will strike a professional man of any experience
in the course of the operation, as necessary to be examined and shown ; so that the whole matter
may be fully and satisfactorily laid before the Board, such as the levels of the small streams, and
other discharges for the surface-water of the country, and how they may be affected by the levels
you may propose to assume for your navigation, the difference of level between low summer and
flood water, &c. &c. &c.

The Board expect the duty to be performed with the greatest expedition possible, consistent
with its due and proper execution, and that tha expenses of the survey will be restricted by the
most scrupulous economy. They do not desire time to be devoted to preparing finished mapj
thereof, as the rou^h protraction from the field notes will answer every purpose in the Hist in-
stance ; and they will expect, weekly, a report on the progress you have made.

Should you ascertain that it is not practicable to follow this south channel for a certain length,
and then cross the country to the lake, as described in the foregoing, vou will proceed to run the
direct levels of the line marked on the sketch you have traced in this office, formerly taken by Mr.
Stevenson, nearest the river, through the front concession ; endeavouring, at the St. Louis end, to
select another route by which you will be enabled to place the necessary locks apart, and not com-
bined, if possible. Should you be driven to adopt the route of Mr! Stevenson, or one near it,
where the land is not level, the Board wish for frequent cross sections to be taken, and shown on
the plan.

A letter lias been written to Mr. Wakefield, apprising him of your having commenced opera-
ations ; and the Board have no doubt but that that gentleman will be able to give yon much
assistance.

I remain, &c.
(signed) Thomas A. Begley,

C. M. Tate, Esq. Civil.Engiiiecr. Secretary.

/iro

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

»5J

No. 0. -
FiBiT Hbpoit of Mr. Tate,

Sir, IVnulmmois, 21 Marrh I84-*.

In compliance witli thp Iftter of instniPtions of tlip 12fli of F<l>niarv Insl, wliirh I hail iho
honoor to receive from the Honourable the Uonnl of Work», ilirecfinfr ine. previounlv to proi-ewl-
inj; to th« markin|^ out of tlie line for the rannl. an soleeted liv Mr. .'•feTcnsun, to I'xniniite with
preat care and aceuracv the south channel of the river, or that portion of it which nini' lietween the
(inimic Isle and the iniiin land of ncauhariioiit, for the purpose of awertninini; bow titr it eouhl In-
adopted a« part of the canal, either hy the use of damn or otherAvixe ; I hare proeeedod to exaiiiino
the Himve-namcd channel, and entrance thereto from Ijike St. Fnuii-iw, and I !«■(» to liiv (he tiil-
lowing Report before the Hononrable l)onrd,ai< a criterion whereby to estimate liio adviintai^eii this
section of the country powesses for a canal : —

It will be well to state briefly, what a );ood navi):nhle canal requires; and,

Ist. In the first place, it is essential that the eiitranc'e and delwuclitnent be of easy access, and
at all limes, and that the supply of water he ample and liteady, not dependent on the o|ierati<]nit of
nature.

2d. That the line of communication from one point to the other l>e as direct as possible, and free
from liability to injury from the subsequent oprations ot' nature.

:id. That the locks Hhould be of convenient approach, easily worked, and witb sufficient inter-
mediate reaches.

4lli. That the aliovc objects should be attained ! v the least expensive mcanx.

Kecpinji these princi|)les, therefore, strictly in view, I prot'eeded to examine the entrance from
T«ike !^t. Fraiifois, the south channel, the intermediate country, and the pro|M>sed ilcboiichnienl into
Lake St. Louis.

First in order is the Entrance :

At the the foot of I.akp St. Francois, a point on the south eastern side, extendincT from the shore
of Hungry Buy, culled (irost^c I'oiiit, forms one side of u yiiiail buy, called Chartier's liay, which
is the mouth of the south channel, or of that portion of the Hiver .St. I^twrence which runs
between the Gniiide Isle and the main land of Beauharnois ; the other side of this bay is fomictl
hy an island called Clarke's Island, or L'Isle aux Chats. Upc " considerinfr the capabilities of
this bay as a harbour, or entrance to a canal, it will app«'ar to be sheltered by Grossc Point from
the prevailing wind, which is south-west, ns well as protected from the swell of Hunjiry Bay, from
whi(^h it is (piite distinct and s<'parated. It has an entrance of sufficient extent and (leptli of water,
in the whole breadth of which, 1,188 yards, there are two shoals of small extent, upon one of
which is a rock with but five feet of water over it. There is every facility for removinjj these
shoals if necessary, but from the fact of their lieing three entrances of from (loo to l,20(i feet in
width, and witli u depth of water varying from 13 to 20 feet, it may be deemed sufficient to place
buo\'s at these |ioints.

Pursuing the channel down, there is a fine reach, extending a mile and a quarter, with a good
clay bottom, and sheltered from the winds ; the euirent does not exceed two miles per hour, and
there is 10 feet of water at 120 feet from the shore. Here, therefore, is a safe and gtxjd anchorage
from Grosse Point to a Point called M'Pherson's, a distance of two miles and five chains.

This harbour, then, fully comes up to the standard of an unexceptionable entrance.

The description which I have given of this entrance as a harliour, founded on actual survev,
differs in very important particulars from the maps on which the north line connecting Cotcau Ju
Lac and Vaudreuil is marked. In all those maps which I have seen, Grosse Point is placed out
of its true position, to the extent of 1 } mile nearly, and is made to appear as a serioux impediment
to the free navigation of vessels sailing out of the harbour into Lake St. Francois. According to
the assumed position of Grosse Point, it would have formed but an indiffi'rent {larbour ; according
to the true position of this point, the harbour could scarcely be surpassed in all desirable qualities.

Pursuing the south channel down past M'Pherson's Point, the current increai>es in velocity,
and ceases to afford any fiivourable opportunities for the purposes of a canal.

The nature of the banks, falling gradually as they do with the levtl of the water, would render
the damming of the channel not only a work of difficulty, but of very great expense; whilst the
height descended, and the distance gained, would form no adeqate equivalent for the ex|)en8C
incurred in resorting to this method ot forming this portion of the canal.

Having thus examined, in the first place, according to the tenor of my instructions, the entrance
and south channel, I proceed to the line connecting M'Plicrson's Point with Couvillon's Landing.

Entering into cutting at M'Pherson's Point, the line takes a course post the great eddy, where
it proceeds to the end of the first range of concessions. It then follows the division line between
the first and second ranges of concessions, until it enters tlie Buisscn Domain, where it curves
gradually to the north tilfit descentV from tlie high ground to near Couvillon's Landing, at which
place it enters the river at the foot of the Cascades.

The position of this point, called Couvillon's Landing, affording, as it does, a sufficient depth of
water at a distance of 132 feet from the shore, and being in a cove between two natural ridges of
rock, is further rendered desirable for a debouchment, from being at the upper end of an eddv
which extends nearly from St. Louis Point, a very favourable feature, and one which will be cal-
culated to assist the navigation up to the canal in a material degree.

U|K>n appljring this debouchment to the foregoing standard, it appears to possess the necessary
points. Having examined the shore of Lake St. Francois from tne upper end of Hungry Bay,
and tlie bank ofthe river the whole way down, I um satibfied that the line contains no points more
favourable than those abovenamed for a debouchment and entrance.

In proceeding to the section ofthe line, from the acci:.acy of Mr. Stephenson's Report, it will be
needless for me to enter into minute detail ; I shall therefore merely state, that the work on the
line is very slight, generally not exceeding what will be required lor finishing the banks; and that
this line is followed, except in one or two instances, where advantage was to be gained by a trifling
divergence.

The characteristics of the line are, that it embraces the whole fail of water betwciii the t»o
lakes; that the entrance and debouchment arc amply convenient as harbours; that it is wholly

'fi)^, V J independent

{"<<

158

I'Al'KUS UELATIN(J TO

imlpncndent of the river, hiiiI of tlicwo op<Tati(iii'. of imtiirf wlii.'li. l«-»i<l.> .•tl.MtMiir llic sii|i|.ly of
wiiU-r. arr Hi.t to rfiKl.T tli.- ulliniatr r..M iii.icli irrral. r l!i>m ll,r (iM oiillav ; timt t ..• .lr«cnt of
the nnviuiitioi. i« -inu'iilarlv s.'rii<liial. i.ii.l tlu' .iittiiict. |.n.|M.rtiMinl.ly in.Hliralo ; iiiicl llmt the lock»
lir<>>«'|mrul.'(l li.ail.u'ri'.' '•'iitK'l.Tit for all tlif i>iir|-><r*.i(i.:ivii:alinii. , , ,

I iMMf tun.nrlu.l.. Willi oi... tr,.,„.r..I ..l,-,.rvali..i, : foiisi.lrr'i .; ll»> .li.tanr.. |.,l«r..n tlirt«o lrv<.!«
of «at.r in ll..> lak.s, and tl..' .M.Mil «f tW (all wl.i.li \<»^ U, '<v ,>svrr„„w. it appears as .( natimr
h...l. in a «ii.LM.Iar (l.urr.r. mad.' .•orn)HM,.nli..M tl.r llic u'n'al ..M|...,lunr..t-. iii tl.r watcn-oursc. by
affiirdiiiK on the land 1.) it- »i<lf iiiiiiMial fii.-ilili™ for i»lul.lii'hiii(;, at a moderate expenite, an
efficient and ncriiiaiifnt artifiiiai navicution. , „ . ,

T»ie full of tlie land vi-ry <l'»«ly acrompaiii.H the fall m the water.

The walcrcounu-s crowiiii? tlie line are unim|)ortan^ and there are no gnllieo of the leaat con-

The 80II in of a kind to render nitlitifr eanv, and for the last 71» eliaiiis tlic line paji-M-s along on
a IK-.1 of windstone nnk, which roc-k, loni; uw'd tor dwcllinu-hoHses in the n.i|L'l.l)<mrl.<M)d, apiK;an)
to 8t4ind the climate «ell, and will, 1 liave every nii-son to helicve. nro<lucc. troni the excavation,
a sufficient quantilv of good backini; ftone for the ma-onry o» the lockfS whilst the retuse will be
most convenient for tlie niu«)nr>- of the piers at tlie entrance to the canal.

T. A. Beiiley. Vj*].
Secretary to tlie Hon. the Board of Works.

I have, &c.
(sijined) Charlet Maitland Tate.

— No. 10.—
Second Report of Mr. Tate.
gtr, Bcnuhnrnois Canal, 13 August 1843.

I neo to lav before the lloiiournble the BoanI of Works, the foliowin^r Kc^port of the progress of
the works of the Beauharnois Canal.

The works, on llmt portion of the canal comprised between stations 140 J and 12H, which were
commenced on the li!tli of lajft inoiitli. are ndvaneint; rapidly, and present a good appearance: the
north bank of the canal is up to its lieiglii at several places.

The accompanying Statement will show nearly the amounts done between the station^ :

Cubic yth.

Cubic yd*.

From Station 140 J to 140

1,504 04

From Station 136 J to 130

2,251 33

140 to 145 i

1,4H4 20

131) to 135}

2,218 33

145} to 145

1,407 00

1354 to 135

2,750 00

145 to 144 i

l,flo4 33

135 to 134 i

2,077 75

144 \ to 144

l,82fi 70

134 i to 134

1,094 66

144 to 143 J

2,000 no

134 to 133 J

1,833 33

143 J to 14.1

2,144 02

133} to 133

1,833 .33

143 toI4'2J

2,408 30

133 to 132 J

2,124 83

14'iltol4>

2,084 00

132 J to 132

3,385 00

142 to 141 j

3.388 81

132 to 131 }

2,505 63

141 \ to 141

1,383 00

131 4 to 131

3,693 90

141 to 140}

3,701 81

131 to 130 A

1 River St.
J Pierre.

140} to 140

2,402 10

130} to 130

140 to 139 J

2,700 00

130 to 130}

3,246 46

130 \ to 130

2,628 60

129} to 129

3,314 39

130 to 138 J

2,078 07

129 to 128 }

3,433 30

138 4 to 138

1,796 06

128} to 138

3,376 00

138 to 137 i
137} to 137

3,025 00
3,102 GO

Total - - -

83,879 52

137 to 130 i

3,705 00

Nearly the whole of the Irish emjiloyed being emigrants but newly landed, many of them having
ftuifered severely on the voyage out, and by subsequent privation, the progress of the work has not
been quite so satisfactory for the earlier part as it has now become ; the men, by daily food and
rest, and rejiular practice, are now becoming more energetic, and are working with better heart.

The same observations may be, to a certain extent, applicable to the Canadians, %vho, at first,
tinuse<l to steady work, and unacquainted with this species of labour, arc now in a condition, by
judicious management of the former, to compete with the others in the ))erformance of a day s
Work.

The general heaitli of the men has been very good ; at present there is but one man dangerously
ill, and the doctor intbrms me that he luw great hopes of his restoration to health.

The conduct of llic men and foremen has been very good ; no collision or atigry feeUng has arisen
between the races, and but five men have been discharged for bad conduct.

These circuinstniu^es, together with the favourable state of the weather, favour the supposition
that this portion of the line of the canal will be speedily executed.

I am in daily expectation of the arrival of a quantity of tools from Cornwall, consisting of picks
and wheelbarrows, tlio want of which is now becoming very apparent.

Thomas A. Begley, Esq.
Secretary, Board of Worlts.

I have, &c.
(signed) Charles 31, Tate, Assistant Enginueri

1^1

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

Sir,

-No. M.-
TiiiRD Repobt of Mr. 7Vir<'.

Bcauhnrnuiri Canal, I SeptemtxT 1849.

! «B(i ti> |ir("vnt to the Honourablp flio Hoard of Work" ii Hi'i'ort oftlip prourws of the works
«)f tliis ciiiiiil. from till' Mtli ofAuj;!!!*! to tlif |(rcMriit day.

Till' works liavi' Imth (;<''"K "" '» « vrry satisfiK-tory miiniiiT, mid the uiitifipatioiw exprpMwd in
my ia.1t R<|>ort lia\i' Ufii in i» great incuMire ri'uliiied. I have now little doubt but that the work
will rontiniie to advuncc iijuully well.

Till! amount of work cxecutoj since tin' last Rcjfort is as follo-cH :

From Station I'.'.T j
to
I -'4
1 •->.'>
12.'. J
12(1
l!>0.1

From 123 .J i
to 12M have i
Iktii com- i
iiiciiccdsiiiri'i
the last He- '
|)ort. ;

127

127 J

I'J«
12H J
129
121» }

i;to

130 J
131

131 ^

132

1 32 )
133

133 }
134
134}
13S
I3fi}
130
13« i
137
137 1
138
138}
130

Cnbicyils.

l.tlOO

1,324

1,331)

1,311)

1,373

7110

(11)7

))SIO

74H

2,8(13

2,538

2,3(».j

2,104

95.1

70.-.

Ex'n finished.

Valley of the St. Pierre.

1,188

1,008

7.14

530

1,570

851

2,310

1,101

2,142

882

1,302

140

2,370

fTrk. finished,
(_not slo|M'd.

Ex'n finished.

Tot.* I.

(^nbir >iiU. 1

1 3U 1

\.:,-M (1

140

l,5-.'0 5

140 \

1,110 4

141

2,307 5

14li

707 3

142

2.275 2

142 }

094 3

143

1,252 7

143 i

1,277 2

144

1,172

144 \

0H8

J 45

1,131 3

145}

982 2

140

730

140}

541 4

147

1,128 5

147 J

1,727

148

1,408

148}

1,408

149

1,287

140}

1,287

1.". '

1,283 3

15i; }

1,213

151

1,250

151 }

1,250

I.V2

1,228 3

1.02}

1,242 1

153

843 8

75,023 5

Exeepting the
slopi! on one
side.

Trk. finished.

rEx'n finished
! and slope on
lone Bide.
Finished.

Commenced
sinee the last
, Report.

The banks are nci'.rly to their height for the greater part of the distance, and they present a sub-
stnntial and workmanlike appearance.

The conduct of the men continues to ))e very {rood, no disturbance of any kind having occurred,
either anionffst the iraniigrant labourers or between them and xhe Canadians.

A considerable portion of the quarrt' has been opened, and the stone already gotten, although
of not suifieient thickness for facework, averaging onl|- 13 inches, will be admiralty adapted tor
backing, as it comes out in regular thicknesses and of good size. It is hoped that tnc lower bed
will be found of a suitable thickness. This stone, although hard, breaks well, and it is thought that
it will be no more severe on the tools than a sandstone.

I have, &c.

(signed) Charles Maitland Tate,

Assistant Engineer.

— No. 12.—

I FouKTii Report of Mr. Tate.

Sir, Beauharnois Canal, IS SepteiT>ber 1843.

I BEo to submit the following statement of the progress of the works of this canal ti) the honour-
able the Boiird of Works.

The weather has not been fo favourable as during the pri^vious fortnight, and some delay has
occurred in consequence ; the work, however, advi.iiccssatisl'uclorily, and the utmost good lecling
continues to exist amongst the men.

595- C 4 Tl»^

• i m

,Co PAPERS RELATING TO

The fotlciwing ii the measurenicnt of the work done sinpc the lat oftlii'' moiitli:—

From -

- 241 J
to

Cubic yd*.
271 81

To Station 1 30 )
to

Cubic yih.
20-2 10

Banks (inislied.

.♦a

542 (13

140

1,005

24 <

542 m

Enil of Kcr. 7.

HOO 03

140 J

031 5

—

.:-'*:•"

440 00

141

1,505 6

—

124

2,101 80

BHiiks fini»hed.

141 i

1,5W) 7

—

12ii

1,030 HI

—

142

441 4

— If

To Siation 1 -'fl

1,030 81

142 i

030 1

—

120 i

1,008 30

—

143

101 2

—

127

1,036 7(»

—

148}

—

127 j

1,305 30

—

144

—

128

751 80

144 J

—

128)

Finished banks.

145

—

Banks unfinished.

12U

.»

—

145 i

—

120 1

—

146

—

130

—

146}

—

130)
131

131 i

fVallev of
fillwl up
[ nient.

*t. PiiTrc will he

14J

—

■ .. V •■

by next meB.''urt-
Finished banks.

147 4

148
148}

3,.) 1 2 50
000 32

132

—

— '

140

1,440 00

183}
138

133 \
134

1,404 48
2,112 00
2,561 46

Banks finishe<l.
Bunks unfinished.

140}

150

150}

1,100 10
l,.50t 66
2,204 10

13-1 J

3,501 40

Banks finished.

161

2,154 30

135

1,577 30

151 }

2,147 00

135)

078 44

—

152

2,156 80

130

— .

—

152}

2,160 70

130 )

130

—

Banks finished.

l53

3,040 lU

53,838 70

A considerable quantity of valuable backin;^ stone has bceiigotten out during the last 13 days,
dnd tlie quarry will evidently tuni out to be of great value. The bed of stone mentioned in my
last Report is 10 inches thick, much more easily wrought, and of deeper colour than the top beds.
This bed is a large one, extending over the quarry as far as it is yet opened. There is a bed of
about six inrhcs underneath this, and then another bed, into which a drill has been entered 14
inches; this bed, it is thought, will be of more value than the upper one.

In altering the direction of a portion of the tittle River St. Pierre, we have met with solid rock
of the same quality nearly as that which occurs at Couvillon's Landing. This rock, it is ho]ie<l,
will make sufficient backing for the culvert of the St. Pierre, at 100 feet distance, and also for the
lock at a distance of about I6chs. This circumstance will cause uo inconsiderable reduction in
the expenses of executing the above-named pieces of masonry.

_ , I have, &c.

(signed) C/(arfe« J/. T'dttf, Assistant Engiiseor.

— No. 13.—

Lkitbr from Secretary of Board of Works to Mr. Tate, containing further Instructions.

Sir, BoardofWorks, Kingston, 6 July 1842.

I FXPKCT the President here on Friday, and suppose he will immediately send you instructions
for your guidance ; until then I must defer answering your letter of the 28th ultimo.

As I consider the Board will be very anxious to have all the soundings possible, and understanding
that you are not otherwise employed, I consider it advisable you take Airther soundings about the
upper entrance of the canal, and ascertain, not only the depth of the channel leading from thence
into Lake St. Francis, but also the breadth of the same, more particularly at the shoaler parts.

C. M. Tate, Esq. Civil Engineer,
Beauhamois.

I remain, &c.
(signed) Thomas A. BegUy, Secretary.

— No. 14.—

Report of the President of the Board of Works on the Beauharnou Canal.

^"f Montreal, 1 August 1842.

I HAVB the lionour to acknowledge through you the protest or remonstrance forwarded to hi*
Excellency the Governor-general, by Mr. Simpson, Tgaiiiu what he states to be "the recently

selected

lb**

rUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

l^l

xIilkI.

•A

»clcrti'il lino" of tlii' St. Ijiwrnirc Ciinal. Thp |.^('mTnl lour of iiifi|M'i-tion, on wliich I have t>ei>n
ent'ii'^t'il for sonio tinii', lias pn viiit*! my recfivina that iliM'unu'iit until within tht" hii^t (hiy ur two.
I now liiiotiii to lay Uforo vou *»cU facU nnd informni^ • coiinfctiil with tlio niutlrr f will, i
t^l^l. fully satisfy lii^ Exirlloncy ihiit the opinion of coum .. u|)on wliich hv liax iictitl, in >• . ig hi*
viini-tion to the nroposrd cnniil hfiiig conatructrd on tlio imiuiIi side of the rivir, wan not aiioptttl
willioiit full and .luilurc coiisiih'nilioM ; that my ilciiartmintal H('|h? t. -ii^n whicli priiu'i|uilly the
Couniil foumleil ihut'ipinion, wax not made without iluc cxaminati'!,! and uhumlnnt well u.si-c'rtaine<l
data; and, Knally, that in acting u|)oii that RvnoTt, tlio Council wiik hut rarryinn '>"• <'"■ plan,a«
rstimutcd for and snhmilted to anil approved of by tin- U't;iflaturo. No oxprosjiion of disapproval
on the south sido was used inlho llouso, as I '.uidomtoiHl . Init it did slronu'lv oxpri-ss its dismclina-
tion to have the completion of any iHirtion of the navigali'ii of the St. Ijiwrenco deferred for or
coiilinuent upon the procuring of ii loan from any private company.

The selection of the most eligihle route for this eanal liiis reci'ived a (jreal deal of attention, pro-
fciisional and other^vise, Cora long time. It Ih more than -Ji) yc;irs ago, I understuml, since the first
jiurviy was instituted, and there have hwii, in all, 10 -urveys made iVom that time to the present, of
which the followiiig in an ahslruct; —

I. The first was made aliout -iO years ago, l>y a I'rfneh engineer, who. having generally examined
both sides of the river, located the work on the south side. This gentleman's Report I have not
l)cen able to obtain; hut the result of it, as stated, I have had from highly respectable nulhoritr.

•J. The si'cond was made in IH'M, on the no"tli side, by Mr. Mills, under the direction o^ the
then Commissioners, among whom were Messrs. Harwood and J)e Heaujeu, the seigniom of the
properties adjoining, and through which it was proposed to run the canal. This line entered the
river from M'Donald's Point, near Mr. Simpson's house. It was to be maintained partly in the
river and partly by artificial outs, and terminate at the foot of the Cascades. The estimate, •J!1.5,7H2 /.
The ohjeelioiis to this line are strongly and fairly set forth in the Reports of Messrs. Buird & Ste-
veiiM'n, and are, in my Judgment, insupendile. Its entrance is represented to be obstructed by
shoals, and being on the lee shore of I.,ake St. Francis, with the mueh-prevailinij south-west wind
blowing in, sailing craft frequently could not get out, when they coidd without difficulty leave the
opposite side. Of this line (about 14 J miles in length) ne ..ly eight miles are in the river, having
in places a velocity of five miles an hour, st.;! there are 'hrec parts of canal altiriiali"^ with two of
river. Tlie canal portions are priricipally effected by ciii'ing across projecting pomts, i;tid by
building locks; and in sundry p:irts, m order to avoid deep cutting into the high banks of the
river, which are here composed of a sleechy clay, with veins of sariil, and are very much given to
glide, it was intended to form the cani\l by moles or dams, to an extent of about l.l,!))))) feet ir
length, and in some cases in very deep water and in rapid currents. The foundations of all the
locks, as well as those of the Jams, are under the immediate infiiience of the river, and the difficulties
of construction generally en this line would be so great, that I am confiilent it could not be efl'ectod
for the csiiniafc; in this opinion I am joined by Colonel I'hillpotts, who estimated it at little less
thati :')00,iH)0/., and wl-.o, I have every reason to believe, selected it as the In-st the north side
afforded, with relucfr.nce.

3. The third survey was also made by Mr. Mills on the north side, commencing and ending at
the same points refpectivcly as No. 2. The estimate for this route is ai4,f)43f. This line Mr. Mills
himself did not re commend, and among other practi('al objections, is liable to that of having tht
whole of the locl.agc (82 feet) combined in one spot.

4. The fburtli survey was made again on the north side by Mr. Mills. Starting from the same
point as Nos. i & 3, but crossing through the seigniories of Messrs. Ilarwtxid and De Bcauiju,
It tenuinate'.i at the I.ake of the Two Mountains, near the village of VaudreiiU, about a ijuartf r of
a mile from Mr. Harwood's house. Mr. Mills' estimate for this line was 444,702/., and it also was
not recommended by that gentleman.

a. The fifth survey was made by Mr. Stevenson in 1833 on the south shore, passing tiirough the
seigniory of Beauharnols. The estimate, 224,444/. In speaking of this route Mr. Stevenson says,
" The whole of this route, taken together, therefore, presents perhH[is one of the most advantageous
that can be imagined ; the excavation is comparatively easy, and the greater part of it extremely so
no embankments rcfjuircd but what can be made up from among the proceeds of the excavation ; no
large culverts necessary." In reporting on this line, Mr. Baird (an engineer of considerable expe-
rience, and who was employed on the works of tho Ilideau) states, " In all the course of my
experience in practical engineering, I never traced a more eligible line for the same distance,
the formation, quality (with but little exception), and direction, being everything that could be
wished."

This is the line, with some trifling improvements, now being executed. It will be constructed,
on the scale adopted, for 2ijo,(i00/. ; but in drawing a comparison between it, on the same scale,
and the cost of tiiat on tho north side, which Mr. Hanvood states to be tho cheapest, viz. 380,032 /.
the estimate for No. ^the one adopted) should be taken at 285,000/.

6. The sixth survey was made in 1835, by Mr. Baird. Mr. Baird also gives the preference to
the south side, and in his Report fidly corroborates Mr. Stevenson's Survey {So. 6) and Re|)ort. But
Mr. Baird was disposed to go still more south, so as to adojit part of the River St. Louis, and ter-
minate at Beauharnois village.

7. The seventh survey «>as that mrde on the south side by Mr. Keefer, in March last, resulting
in the full confirmation of No. 5.

«. The eighth survey was made in April last, by Mr. Tate, and sustains equally with Messrs.
Baird and Kcefcr, Mr. Stevenson's Survey and Report, No. 5.

0. The ninth survey consisted of the marking out of the line (No. 5) for execution; in the course
of which more favourable features developed tliomselves dailv.

10. The tenth survey was made lately by Mr. Keefer, of the lino pointed out by Mr. Harwood
on the north side, as being "the cheapest, and one not previously explored."

All these several lines of levels, in the Board's possession, taken from the year 1833 to the pre-
sent, and crossing the country in all directions, the information derived from their engineer, who
is intimately acquainted with the locality, especially of the north side, having been at the time, Mr.
Mills' assistant in the surveys, the very satisfactory nature of the documents of M :. Stevenson, in
595, X <a*o'"'

\<<'i

PAI'KUS RF.LATINf; TO

i'wmi

I; ^

fivoiir oftlic caniil on tlic wiiitli kkI-. llic full fnrrr>l>or;i :>!> ■ i v..j^- (U^-y.rncnl* \>y Mpohm. Haird,

r<-u , tii(felli<r with my wlmli' ;:'■"<•''<' '"'<'
;v coiivlncrMl mo loiij; sincf tliiif tlic no'.'i!)

nintKmu' ^Tiifi i',>

roilit'

nU'.f v>M the jir ■; r* nit' ii

cmiitnictrii ; lliis l•^ln^illc•^ltioIl ii diii'v mon .•■■n niuri- i • nfinri' ' <

I now iH'int; ti'kcti ill iniirkiii(,' "Ul tin- •> iioi.' • ! Oipworl lor «'X n

.••ivatioii wliicli ih riipiilly l><"iii; mlvani . I, -itr l.c'nK iii/oiit 7'

■' ■ vilrlllmn. '•o yiSii-'. I'jo. ''

.si >:»'*Hi( '!, :ilid villi. (I \*'f'-

KcfflT, Hllll

III- Htriitii, fi
caiml nliould I
tlie m'vcnil Ht'
iiv ;' •• lu'tuiil

KIT 1 ,iiru'. T' !- opinii.n I M.itcil •> i/)rr.

I iil-of'iirnislin totlmt niilil<ii''iii, pr-'vioiK I . , , , ,

A«wm(.ly an«l ^ iiit.-.l l.y iln ... Jir. ,<l iijioi. vliir^ tli<> ii',..r<ipniiti(.n iitrrprd (<■ \.y tl^it ImmIv w.;n
iiiiidi', (li'^tliictl;, rrCiT to' till- <;i<rii. i'< iii[; miid. n tlii'
ri'Ciili. till' iiwcrl: .1 r,i Mr. Siini. ■>"■< ''•"'•'■•. '.'" ■'! " ''"

N'otwilli-iaiidinH ..i tlll'^'^' ^oiin
iVfl convicuun foiiiiu. •! llii'rcDii, li

iho ■'
i.tid Ik '

iiiid iiiituro of
on wliicli tlip
the r<-«ii!t of
n, as will iw
t>« work fiir
I .iidn which
" HouKO of

Hatistiii'torilv

lill not iivuraf^i! more tlmii > ;.\ fi'it waUT. I
ir moll' hi'iii;^ coutiiiiied about 2oii ffct from
.Vu. ;i) (.lifers (a distaiici'of :),70U fci't); this
i: alioiit eix fct't. 'I'otiil lrn^;tli of Mr. Ilur-
: iiiik' lunger than Mr. Mili>>*, uud 'Jl longer

«!ilo, and must tlicrofi.,
iuf hcintr m-cntly sclfrtiKl."
; |ii)tiitivc jnoti.mlioii to wiiirli I i.avr referred, aid my jier-
tiie eountrt wax KuHi ieiitly examined, im-iIm:.; :Ui' (^intinued
inlerexted mif-dUlcint Jits and niisre|in -iitaii-ns wlsleli -ipi'eiin 1 in the i.e! '•<: i|Ki.s- 'd that Mr.
Hurwoml Imd fUtwl puMielv and in jiriiit. 'ut '-t!. <■ wa." yet anuiSur ''■.>■ nii.'X|,lored on the
niirlli side, and whieli I',, viis'eertaiii .i 'Id l>e exi. .li.'i ,it less eo«t than any -lliMr," in onler to set
,li;il |...i:,L ut r -t, the . i-hiiieer to the Hoard \v s ditTi.ted to j.ro. .,ii )■ Viiudtcial, end liaviii;;p)t
Mr. Uirwood lo |Hiil)l out tlii.s line to liiiii, to I'roi 'l lu takt llie levi I'it, su -.i- (o he eiiahled to
form a . om|iuriitive estii:mtcof its eiisf. Tin- Uitv lus heeii ;■ !""tive!\ , .-.fornn.'. f>y Mr. Keefer;
hut hji I do not eon-id. r ;; iieeeHsn'-y to inllict :i|)oi! hi- Ev."eli :, 'V tlie wading ll.rouirli a mass of
isrofusiicaal mini'iiii', I will eonfiiie iiiyH'if to iiuikinj; :iiree e.\tracts from .Mr. Keefer'.s report,

The water in vLe buy at tlie dehoneliinenl of the Uiver (Jiiinehieiis, where Mr. Hnrwood's lino
l'raiiMii< -, loid for a (iiiarler of a niile all round it,
o/isider it nicensary tlieretbre to allow fir " a bai. :.
ti hliiire ili.rtii to the point where Mr. Mills' line
liaiik !>iioi.iI.i raise the water in the basin formed h;
.vood's line, ir>i miles ; it is therefore five-cighthi-
than tlial on the south side."

Again, " The aeeonipaiiyiiigp'in will alone eonviueuu that Mr. lIarwoodhiusdis<'ovcred nothing
worthy the serious iittenlion of Governnieiit,nor has U • pointed out any tiivourable li'ature in the
eountry that was not fully considered in the surveys tlhi.' have beenalri'ady made." Finally ; " it
wuuldthereliii'e appear, that the eost of the route prop <Md by Mr. Ilarwood would exceed that
of Mr. Mill's inland rout*' liy about one-fifth (and won'. I therefore amount to a8U,!)3:i /.) This
I imagine is suftieient to show that it would be a fruilles- task to go any further into details, or lo
spend any more time in making more elaborate examination.s. The north side of the .St. Lawrenco
between tlie lakes was thorouglily examined by Mr. Mill.s in IHHii, and in that duty I a.s.sisted him
and made n.it all his plans. From the intimate knowledg. J have thus ae(|iiired of that part of tliu
country, I (eel a good degree of assurance in expressing the opinion that no line on the north bido
eaii be found to eipial in eeonomy in facility of navigation, or in freedom from the disturbing
causes of tlood and '(;e, the route intended to be pursued on the south side."

His Excellency, in his reply to the Vaudreuil address, has so fully exposed the insufficiency of
military and political reasons adduced by the opponents to the canal on the south side, that I ieel
it only remains for me to notice the nssertions of Mr. Simpson , " that water cannot be found at the
entrance and exit of the depth contemplated in the canal; eonse(|ueiitly vessels, which tlie canal
would be cap.ible of bearing, will be incajiable of getting in or out."

Now, first us regards the proposed entrance to the cuual from Lake St. Francis, Mr. Stevenson
thus speaks :

" It commences in a cove above M'Phcrson's Point in the south liranch of tlie river, about half
a mile below the ujiper end of Grande Isle, w lierc the bunk is low ; and ten feet of water is found at
150 fiet from the shore."

On the same point Mr. Baird says : "the iirst duty became the ascertaining of the most eligible
pointM of departure from the hikes ; for the depth of water required (nine feet on the mitre sill),
with a due regard to the distance between these points." — " These requisites I found to exist in
Lake St. Francis at or near the commencement of tlic south chaimcl atB. and H. res|ieetively ; the
t'ormer having been fixed on by Mr. Stevenson on his survey as tlie most eligible, and in wliich I
perfi.'ctly coincide."

On the same point, Mr. Tate who was sent by the Board to take levels, soundings, &c. prepara-
tory to the commencenient of the work, thus speaks : •

" At the foot of Lake .St. Francis, a point on the south-eastern side, extending from the shore of
Hungry Bay, called Grass Point, forms one side of a small hay culled Chartier s Bay, which is the
mouth of the south channel, or of that {lortion of the river wliich runs between the Grande Tsle and
the mainland of Beauharnois. The other side of this bay is formed by an island called Isle aux
Chats, or Clarke's Island. Upon considering the capabilities of tiiis bay as a harbour or eutrauco
to aciinal, it will appear to be sheltered by Gross Point from the prevailing wind, which is south-
west, as well as from the surf and swell of Hungry Bay, from which it is quite distinct and sepa-
rate. It has an entrance of sufficient extent and depth of water, in the whole breadth of which,
about 1,I8H yards, there are two shoals of small extent, upon one of wliirli is a rock with but five
feet water over it. Tliere is every facility for removing these shoals, if necessary, but from the fact
of there being three entrances of from Odd to l,i>OU feet in width each, and with a depth of water
averaging from 12 to 'JO feet, it may bi deemed sufficient 'to place buoys over them."

" Pursuing the channel down, there is a fine reach extending a mile and a quarter, with a good
clay bottom, and sheltered from the winds. The current does Hot exceed two miles an hour, and
there is 10 teet of water at 1.50 i'eet from the shore. Here, therefore, is a safe and good anchorage
from CImrticr's Bay to u point called M'Plicr.son's Point, a distance of two miles and five chain.s.
Tliis harbour, then, fully comes uii to the standard of an unexeenlionable entrance."

The elaborate chart of Mr, Thompson, a hydrograjiher of deservedly high standing, fully sus-
tains the fon'going description of Mr. Tate's.

With resiifcct to the entrance from Like St. Louis, Mr. Stevenson thus sjicaks : " Having
examined very minutely the coast of Lake St. Louis, from the harbour ut Beauharnois village up
to the ib.jt of the rapids, a distance of about two miles, and found more than sufficient water for

any

/%fe

prBI.ir WORKS CCA\AnA\

i<s

nnv vi"-!><'1 iilriii); oil llic liikf, villi ii rlmr rii;i>t iii.il -iiioolli Uilioin ; iiiiil iii-iir tlio fnoi of itir
i-niiiiU I t'ciiiiiil ii litilr foM , lit till- liimliii;; of otif Cmnillnii, oiri riiij; tin- iiiiwt riiiivi'iiitnt sjMit
wlKTi'iii to coiislnirl llic i iilniiiK' to u raiml iiftliiti <lf<>cri|itiuii."

Till' n|iiiiiiin of Mr. Tiitc on llii>. iiocilion i» »* lollowx :

"Tlir (Kx-itioii ul' tills point, ciillt'd Coiirilluii'H Ijtntliii};, uffonliii); un itdoo ii Mitticiont cirplh ol
WBttT lit u iJi>tniico tii la-J li'tl Cmiii llir liliorc. iiimI iK-iiii; in a co\i' Ix'twii'ii two ridjjrn of rix'k, it
lilvruiM' rtnilrnil fiirtliiT iloiriilpli- for » ilrlMiiirlirtmiil, troiii luiii;; at llic ii|)|nT ind of iin wldy,
wliii Ii c xIi nd'- iiciirlv from >t. l/niis point, a vt r_v litMiuniMr tiatiirr, itiid »nv which « ill he cnlcii-
iatrd to asfi-.! llir na> iiriilion up to llir ciinid in a nr.itiiiiil dr'^rcr."

Mr. Tall Micliiilrs lii-. llfport with thr l''illowiiijj jjtiiiral oliMrviitioii« :

"< on-iderint; the ilislame ln'twocn the- two li vtU of watir in tlic lako, and the extent of the full
wliicli Ims to 1)1 ovciroiiii', it iippiars ii^ if iiiitiirc had, in a -iiiiriilar di Lrrrc, iiiadr coiiipciiwition for
thf (irrat iinpcdiiiiiiiln in the wutrrcoiiiw, by atfordin}; on tlir land Ky it* Mv. luiiisiial fucilitics
lorr«lalili«liiiiir, at a iiiihU rati- ciwi, an iHirii'iit and pcrnnioci.t arlitirial navipition. Tin- tidi of thf
hind viry tl<>»ily ari'oniiuinio the full in ilii' watir ; tlir watiTconr-fi. rro«>in^ the liiu' nrc unim-
portant, and tlirri' arc no t;ulli<K of any conMiiiirncc. Tin- foil ix of a kind to ri'iidrr c. ttinjj (•u>v,
and for the la.«t 7!l chuins thf line j.iissis oi i-iu-iionally on u Ind of wiinNtoiii' rook; which rock,
lon<^ iiMil for dwclliii^-lioii>i( « in the ni'i|ilili<iurliood, appcar> to ^tand the diinalL' well, and « ill,
I have every reii.vin to believe, produce Iroiii the excavation a -iiHicii'iit ipiaiitity of h<kmI biickinii
ftone foi' the masonry of the locks, w liile the refiute of it w ill be most c;invcnient for the construction
of the piers at the entrance to the cani.l."

Air. Keeler also describes Couvillon's IjinJinj; Ms a suitable, and the fittest s|Hjt to seleit for the
entrance. The deep water he tinds to run in close to the r.|ioi-e, as descriUd by the other jrentle-
men, the eddv near the shore iHiiii; nuxiliary to vessels bcatiiif; up in scant winds, and the outer
euneiit eipuilfy .-0 in biatin^ down, and the coiistniclion of two moderate piers on the ridges of
rcH'k, on ciuli side of the deep channel, one to serve as a wharf or landing', the other to alFord
shelter from vvi.id blowinc up the Lake, will completely ulFord all the iieccssiiry convenience and
HC'coniinodatioii.

I havetliu.s, without notic'U;, the various anonymous mis-statements which have been circulated,
conKiied myself simply to f^ivini; the iiicts and the essence of the several Hcports made, from time to
time, since 1H33.

I (eel suiipiine that they will fully satisfy his Exeelleiicy upon the subject, and 1 trust will, when
known, remove from the public mind any (iil.se impiessioiis wiiich may have been made upon ii.
As deeply connected with the quie.' and satisfactory pro<;ress of the work to wliieli the (<iret;oin).;
relates, I would tjike the liberty of ofl'erini; a few snifjiestions for the lonsideratioii of his Kxcclleiiey,
and the adoption of which 1 would respectfully urirc upon his lAetlleiiey's serious attention, as
tendini: in my humble opinion, materially to prevent collision upon the works nf this canal, bel«een
the difl'erciit races vvhicii it must be expected, will necessarily be con[.jrej(uted there, and which
collision mitrlit lead to deplorable conseiiuences.

The peculiar circumstances of tiuH work seem to mo to retjuin- some peculiar arraiifrenientei on
the part of the government. An extensive public work is, for the first time, undertaken tliroiifrh a
district entirely settled and inhabited by Cnnadiann of French oripn ; a lari;e temporary popula-
tion of stniiiKcrswill be introduced and brouiiht into immediate contnct with the Mettled inhahitiints,
and with whom the difference of liiii(;uagc will not only be a bar to friendly intercourse, but it may
too reasonably lie apprehended that these strani;ers, whether labourers, contractors, or offi(rers of
fioverninent, will from being ignorant of the language, usages, and peculiar feelings of the |ieo)ile,
be likely to give them ott'enee, or do them wrong unintentionally. With respect to this point, it
unfortunately liap]H>ns that there is no capable engineer of French Canadian origin ; hut 1 have taken
all the precaution in my power, by ajinointing two junior assistants of that race, and by the selec-
tio'i of a paymaster and accountant who understand the people and language. It is further to be
feared, that petty tressptwses, such us the ])ilfcring of tlie gardens of the habitans, &.o. &c. may
fretiueiitly be committed, and engt.'iidi'r irritation and hostility.

lo ^uard against these evils whicli 1 itpprehend, as well as to remlcr the first comnieneement of
extensive publ'.; works popular with the habitans, a few steps appear lo me advisable to be taken.

1. Although I conceive that toen.sure economy, and certainly in the executitin of public works
of this description, general competition and the contnict system founded thereon, is absolutely
necessary. I think that a certain portion of the line, say three or four miles, oiiglit to be laid off
in small contracts. These I propose to a|iportion among the residents, at the valuation of the en-

ijinecr, and thereby, by giving a large nprtion of the habitans employment on their own account,
esseti the probability of collision. As this course is directly departmental, I shall not hesitate to
take the responsibility of acting on it, although in so doing I am sure to encounter furtlicr attack
and oblof|uy.

•i. The second point I consider to be, the iiaving an Irish Roman-catholic clergyman resident
for the time being near the work, who, from his aciiuaintancc with the language and habits of
that class, which, judging from the extensive emigration, will he in large numbcrii on the work,
can exercise the sidutury influence over them that such clergy are admitted to possess.

3. It V onld be of importance to have ii French Canadian gentleman, perfectly eoi>versant with
the English language, upon the line generally, to attend at the payments, and explain between the
J)arti's, and who would give his whole time in keening peace and ]iromoting a friendly feeling, and
to t!ie arrangement of petty differences. He should be in the commission of the peace. The res-
pective remunerations of these two gentlemen I consider can be borne from the estimate tor the work.

4. It would be necessary to have a few of the steadiest of the police force close to the work, to
prevent iictty trespasses, and the other little causes alluded to as likely to create bad feeling.

5. Finally, in consideration of the circumstances which have recently taken place upon the
Cornwall and Welland canals, 1 think it would be necessary to have, not on the work, but in the
neighbourhood of it, a party of military (the regular force I would miicli prefer). Such arrangements
being miulc, I enlertiiin strong hopes that the direct interference of the latter would not be reijuircd.

Should his E.xcellcncy, upon consideration, be iileased to adopt these suggestions, or any of them,
he can easily have them curried into ctfeet. I have, &i;.

(signed) Hamilton II. Killali/,

President IJoard of Works.

595. X 2

l'<i*l

164

PAPKRS RELATING TO

— No. \r,.~

REPORT of a Sibvbv for a r*i«Ai. on the Norlli Shore of tlic Si. Lnirrrnrr, on n Ronti;
dupBPtiH-d by till" Ilononnil.lc Mr. IlurmooiL, Seiifnior of Vamtrmil.—By Samwl Krrfrr,
("ivil Enjrincrr.

Sir, Ki'ipiton, r> Jul}' 1843.

F."» pursnancc of vnn- vi>rl)iil inntnirfionB of tlip 2 IM ultimo, T proccodid to CofMiu du \m.c,
InkinKwilh me. Mr.' HarwixMlN nanioriiil on (lie Hulyi^ct oftlii-canul hclwtiii Ijikcs St. FriiniHrt
timl St. 1^)11 if.

I (M-nl for Mr. Unrwooil, iind desired liini to |ioint out the route for a eanal nlluded to in the
ktlcr piirl of liis nirmoriiil ; nnd liavitii; u'onr over |mrt of the jrround with him, rind ohtniiicd from
iiiin itnritli'n dcdcriptiim of the pro|«>«iil route, which is Kulimitti'd herewith, 1 raa the h'vei over
it, from lake to lake, lakiiif; biicIi levels mid nlwervntions to tlje rii;ht and lell as would fjive me u
I'orreet peneral ideii of the eountrv tliroii}:h wliieh I wan jmssiiifr, that 1 iiiiffht form an opinion an
to there lioini; any hetter line for a eaiial than those already siirveved.

Uetweeii Coteaii du L^l• and SniithV J'nlN, on the River a Delisle, T levelled over two lines, for
the purp<we of finding the lowest croiiiid, lis well as to ascertain the level of Smi»h*« Falls, with
reference to the lake. The hike is at present 1.") inches I i^rlier tlu'.n the water ahove .Smith's Falls.

1 think Mr. Ilarwood must he niistiiKeii in stiitint; Mr. Mills told him the water in River a Uelisle,
above Sinith'H Falls, was eijilit feet ahove lake ."^t. Francis j for I can discover iiotliiiid in Mr. MillV
plans, report, or estimates that confirms it. If le' liim said that the surface of the water ahove
Smith's Falls was eight feet ahove the hottom of his eun.d, he would have spoken nearly or quite
correct; and as, in surveys of this kind, itistlie practice of engineers to refer all heijjhts and deptli!)
to liottom of eanal, it would have hocii a most natural wiiy for Mr. MilLs to have answered the
r|uestioii.

In order that you may he alile to form an opinion of the route proposed liy Mr. Ilarwood, I will
now enter upon a short descrijition of it, which, with the neeompaiiyiiifj plan, will at once convince
you that he has not discovered anythiie.; worthy llio serious attention of the government, nor has ho
pointed out any (iivourahle feature in the country that was not fully considered in surveys that have
iietn already made. In deserihinj; his route, I will also compare it with the inland route. No. 'i,
proposed hy Mr, Mills, us it will show the usclcflsness of making nn estimate of the cost.

J/r. JIarwood's jtrojiofrd Line,

1. Starts* from the hay, ?hove tlii; stctu:<-hoat
landing, at the Coteau du I^ie, in which the
water is (juite shallow : it is 4U0 feet to f«et
water.

The line runs in rear of the village, and follows
the low lands above half a mile from the St.
L?wreiiee, and crosses the River ii Delisle nearly
lialf a mile below Smith's Falls. This portion
of the route is .1 j miles long, and averages a
little more than 17 feet cutting : soil, clay, with
some ridgcs,cont<iining numerous boulder stones.
The land falls towards the St. Lawrence.

2. After crossing the River ii Delisle (which
might be dammed, and the water turned througli
the canal, with a waste weir to carry off the flood
waters,) the line turns gradually to the right,
crosses the River Rouge near its mouth, follows
up a branch of the Rouge, and then turns again
to the right, and crosses St. Emanuel road, 400
yards from the St. Lawrence, runs parallel with
the St. Lawnmee at that distance till it crosses
the River ii la Graisse ; it then runs along ihe
south east bank of the River ii la Graisse, at such
a distance from it as will give about five feet cut-
ting, in order that the excavation will be suffi-
cient to make the banks, and crosses the Chemin
St. Dominique, above 1,200 yards from the
St. Lawrence.

This section is 3 2 miles long, and averages
12 feet cutting; soil, clay. Kequires one dam
and two aqueducts.

3. From St. Dominique to St. FrioH the line
continues up the valley of the River ii la Graisse,
and passes the summit or highest ground between
that river and the Petite Quinze Chieiis, one mile
westward of St. Frioll. The cutting through the
summit is 8 J feet deep; the line crosses tlie St.
FiioU road near the cross, 8,300 feet from the
.St. Lawrence.

This section is 2 J miles long ; soil, clay, with
a slight mixture of sand in places; arid the
depth of cutting averages about six feet, or a
little more.

4. The

The Inland Route, (iVb. 2) of Mr. Mill*.

1. Starts from the bay, ahove M'Donald's
Point, nnd follows along the low ground bor-
dering the St. Lawrence, and has an average
depth of cutting of 10 feet, and is 2 g miles
long to til ; ijouth of the Rivera Delisle.

2. Crossing the River a Delisle by an aque-
duct, the line passes through Horse Shoe IJny,
crosses the River Rouge near its mouth (about
a quarter of a nrdle), and then runs in nearly a
direct line from thence to where it crosses the
Chemin St. Dominique, about 1,000 yards from
the St. Lawrence.

This section is 3 J miles long, and the cutting
averages 12 feet; soil, clay. Requires three
aqncductj.

3. Between St. Dominique and St. Frioll,
this line takes a higher level, in a more direct
line towards Cascades, and runs nearly parallel
with the St. Lawrence.

The length of this section is 3 ^ miles ; soil,
clay, with a light mixture of sand,, and the depth
of cutting averages about nine feet.

4. Shortly

/S^

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

M.r

Mr. JI<irtro<nr^ projMumt Line.

4 Tlio tlcptli of ciitliiii; nt llic Si. Krioll road
\* M'vrn fi'ft. At tlii< iliHlaiH'i' of Imlf ii inili*
from tliiit ruad tlit- line iiitprsi'cli llir Hoiitli liank
ot'llir Quiiicliii'n, il tlirti follows nldiic (lie liunk
of tliiH rrci'k, IrMikiri); duwii ul loiivriiicnl |)liiri<«,
till it at li'iiKth diwciuU into the iMttuni of llie
vallry. At tin? Si. Aiituiiic road, this vnllry Ih
H,.j<)o frot from llio St. Ijiwrriu'c ; mid con-
ve<|ucntly, liefori- it Joiiw tlic Ottawa nliove
C'BKiadoM, it iniiNt tiiku nearly a MUtli-t-ast dirco
tiuii, niiikiii); tiic di^tniico iniirli loiip'r.

To make oiio or iiioro dams acrooN tliii raviiif,
and liy tliiit nicaim turn tliiMlrainai^c of tlic whole
Mirroundinj; eoniitry lliruii^h the hwk!', or over
wa-iti' weirt, n* mi^;i;eslid hy Mr. lliirwiHHl, \»
hit;lilv ohjeclionahle ; lis in thiH eaw, not only
woiild llie works he iiliict'd in ieo|Hirdy liy the
land HoraU, hut the riihlii>li aiiddeliosite hrnii;;lit
down with those floo<ls would !>«• a eonnlant
hoiiree of annoyance, hy wttliiid in ahoiit the
lo<>k ({Htes, and deran^in); their workinc.

For the^e rciBons, and in order to ohtain a
desiruhle leiif^h of reaeli hetweeii each lock, I
have uoMsidcred it neeessary in 'illov.'in}r tliis
ravine to lay the eanal jtartinlly •.■ the sioutli
hank of the valley, enttinp out eiiou|;h to ibrni
an endianknient on the north side, and thus hy
rejrular ({nidations deseend to the Uittom of the
valley, laid leaving; a siifiieient space hetween
the canai einhunknieiit and the north bank of
the creel; for the nt'oessary drainap;e of the
About one mile eastward of St. Vrioll,

Thf Inlaml Ruule ( Xo. Q) of Mr. .MUh.

4. Shortiv alter leaving; the St. rHillroad.
this line will lirve only fi\e feet eultinu, and
fn)in tlienee it nan |M'rfe<'t eoinmand of llie
ground, and may, hv loekinj;, Ih' diiniiiiid in
any direelion ; for w)iieh reawm, nndouht. div,
Mr. Mills has dn >vn a straiKhl line to ihe hfll
at the Cas<-aiies. At the Sl.rrioll riHid, his line
is I, ■.>U0 yards from the .'^t. (.iiwrenee; imdalSt.
Antoine, l,uou yards. At the Caseades, he is of
necessity eum|ielled to jilaee nearly all his lixkN
i|uite close together. The soil in all the n|iliind
is eliietly clay ; hut in descending to the lake,
the line must pass through the rocky point of
the t'ascades.

The water-liM'k lie iihiceu in Ihe waters of tlip
St. Lawrence, which, comint; from a more
southern elimate than tl>osc of the Ottawa, are
wiinner, aiidsiHuiei'>i|H'ii tor naviiralion. I have
larn eredihly informed that the dill'erence in
time is from two to three weeks.

This section is ."i f; miles lonj;, and the depth
of eulliiijr may he averajjed at five feet.

The loial lenulh of this route, according to
Mr. Mills' survey, is 14 fl miles, and the averat;e
depth of cuf'iii)! is about m.-JO feet.

Mr. Mills' eHtiinalc for this route: lix'ks,
5S feet X '-Ml" feet X t» feet, and canal Kid feet at
bottom, is U:.'.'>,ilii(i/., and wus iiiadi* the same
year he f^ave in his estimate for the Cornwall
Canal (ltj:iu); the actual cost of which has
greatly exceeded his cstiniute.

lands

this ravine is 'JOU feet wide at liottom, and 1 4 feet deep ; the banks irradually
attai'i H f^reuter height, till at or near the debouchement of the creek they
become UU feet high ; but the breadth of the ravine is here retluced to HU feet
at bottom. 'I'lic banks have a 8lo|)e varying from 2 J to 3 feet to 1.

To an engineer, thin would not by any lueatis appear to be a desirublo
place to make a canal.

The length of tbis action is Oj milet', tlieaoil chiefly .'^Iny, and the cutting
(in order to ini^titute a comparison) mny be averaged at six feet, which is,
perhaps, putting it iti rather too favourable a light.

The water in the bay, at the debouchement of the Quinchien, and for a
quarter of a mile all round it, will not average at present more than six feet
deep , the bottom is ii stitT clay. I have therefore considered it necessary
to allow for a bank or mole being continued about 200 yards from the shore,
all the way to the point where Mr. Mills places his wrater-loek, in route
No. 2. This bank should raise the water in the basin formed by it about
six feet, and the water-lock should lie placed in the warm waters of the
St Lawrence.

The total length of this line, as before described, is 15^1 miles, and the
average depth of cutting 0.40 feet. This line is therefore five-eighths of a
mile longer than Mr. Mills' inland route (No. 3,) and about three miles
longer than the route through Bcauhamois.

To compare the exjiense of these two routes in a rough manner, the cost may be taken in tlie
compound ratio of the lengths and depth of cutting ; )'• «, : —

The cost of Mr. liar- 1
wood's route. J

■■[

Cost of Mr. Mills'
route (No. 2.)

}

or
or

l.'jj X 0-40 : 14g X 8-20.

14335
G

11992.
5 nearly.

It would therefore appear that the cost of tlie route proposed by Mr. Harwood would exceed
that of Mr. Mills' inland route (No. 2) by about one-fifth of the latter.

This, I imagine, is sufiicicnt to show that it would be a fruitless task to go any further into
detail, or to siieiid any more time in making more accurate and elaborate examinations. The north
side of the St. Lawrence, between these lakes, was thoroughly examined by Mr. Mills, in 1833;
and in that duty I assisted him, and made all his plans. From the intimate knowledge of this
part of the countrj- that I have thus acquired, I feel a good degree of assurance in expressing the
opinion, that no line on the north side of the river can be found to equal, in economy, in facility of
navigation, or in freedom from the disturbing causes of ice and flood, the route intended to be
pursued on the south side of the river.

Respectfully submitted by, &c.
(signed) Samuel Keefer,
Hon. Hamilton H. Killalv, Engineer, Board of Works.

President Board of Worlis.

595-

nJ^

PAPERS IlEUTINC; TO

Wn ■ *

_ N.I. HI. —

Hpk.uhati.jii for the Earth-work and no<k-w<.rk of x\w HrankarnouCaiMt. I>y Samu^ hrrfrr.

Civil Ijiifinwr.

IhmriuiDiu. The I'.'iiiiil, (fimrnillv, will •«• xii fret wiili- Hi Itottoni, Imt wliiTf llir I'kriiviilioii

t\m> "it ixni'd Hvi (ill III ili|«tli liir B ilintuncc of oiu' i|ii«rt«'r of a niili', the iNitloni will Ih- iiiailr

Hill (lit «i«li'. . , ■ i- 1

Tlie l.iiiik* arc to I.. raiiM'il 15 (irt iilxivr JHitloni of iniiHl. to !>«■ IJ liil w iilr lit l<i|>, ami tl'.c'
nIoih'i- iii-iilr iiml oiilniilf lo liuvr two till Imw to i>in' I'lnl iitTlHMKliiMilHr. Tlif iMiltom of tin • iitiill
in to Ik' on.' /i«.t ImIow tlir iiiitri' sill, to afford lo fn l of wiitcr in the niiiid.

Driiiii. A riitrli-wiiliT ilriiiii liiiinl l>i' foriiii'il mi tlii' soiitli »idi' of tlic Miittli liiiiik, lo dniiii off

till. MirCi «iilir to tin iiiiir(>.t ili>rliiiri;r, iiiii -liall In of sucli .izc' lis the iiijriiin r iiiav cm-ider

iii(i>-ar_v for tliiil |Mir|ioi<'.

(Inihhinij.—AW tin' Ircr-, nliiiii|i«, nnd rootd arc to lir wliollv removed from the (.piifL' <H'i'ii|ii(il
by till' iiinal nnd its hunks iinilclilifr hiinird or niiioM-d to thi- oulsidi' of the hanks.

iVi/<Wn//.^lii iiiltiiiu" iiiidfr 111 fii'l, all ihf inrfiiru wiil ooniiiinini; vrijt'tnlilc or other iiiiiiti-r,
iiiifil, ill tlif riiniiiifr'- (i|iinioii, for tiiriiiiin; the tine of the haiikn, >lmll he •■lri|>|H'd from the fiitirc
unrtiirc of tlir riiliint; (|ircvioii-i to i-oimiicnriiiu' ihf rxravatioii), and from thi'iifc on rarh siih', lor
a hhacllh ixtcndiii.: half wuy iiiidrr ruih hank, niiil the Minir niiiHt hi' |ilariil to form hank witliin
till! oul-idi i-lii|M—. l.iki'M. Till' uroiind, iIiuh |iriiiarid hj- uiui'kin^, niiixt hi; ki'pt thri'e cliuins in
nilvani'i' of tlii' iMiik" ; ami no hank ran l>< formiil tliiTvon until it liiu> hctn iiiKjici'ti'd undu|>|irovt'(l
hy till . ii(jini'i'r, or llii' foriiiiiui under him.

Tnjt Draini.~\i\\er\i\ drains for dminini; off tlit water Mow hottotn of eannl diiriii!; tlir |>ro.
(;ri'«r< of the wi'rk, iri' lo he fornicd ill the contraelor's expense, and only in siicli pliiee'* ip. the
engineer may .i|i|)rMve of, in oriU'r to rreuti' the least necessary unioiint of damage to farms.

K.riaiidim. — .\il the he-l eiirlli for uiakinjj ti(;lit hunks must he plai'ee in the front part, that of
inferior i|ii.ilitv in rear; and all stones that may oceiir in tlio exenvution must Im- moved outside
of the 'laiiks, exrepl in lerlain eiuHs, when iheri- is a scari'ity of materials tor inukint; hnnk« where
the eiiiiiiieer may iliiK I them to he laid, so as to form the rear part of the embankment. In those
parls of the canal « In re iliore will he a surplus of earth lifter formintr the hunks opposite, it must
be taken either li tiirm the nearest eiiihiinknieiit, or it must he iiliued in spoil-hank evenly, on
eaeli side of the ii;il, as tliri nuiiieer shall ilireut. The top of the spoil-hank must he levelled,
iiiiil made so as i" ilirnw the surtitee water from the eanni, and, if the cn<;iiieer hLuII so direct, it
imiyt all lie laid on oin' side of the ranal. If the r|uaiitity ot' surplus earth is f^rcnt, the spoil-hank
mii>t he raised from t' 'le to -ix fi'i't above the towinc-path, us the engineer imiy direct, and
foniii'd as shown in ihe margin; the slo|)e of the face to be two to one.

Ktiihnnhment.—\\\ fi)rinini; !ir hanks, the earth, if carried by carts, must be laid on in courses
not exei'i'dini; I'J inilies in thirL iss, and all the best materials must bcjilaced in front.

Where an embuiikment is to lu' formed in the river, as in section No. 1, it must he ruiseil in the
iirst place only IH inches ahuve the surfnce of the river, and made onlv half its proper breadth at
that heii;lit, which half must be next the out-ide, in order that, afVer tlie water has been drained
from the c iial, the ri'inaiiiini; inner portion of the bank may be formed in courses, as before
deserihed. Stones are tu he thrown on the outside of the bonk, to prevent it« being washed away
by the current.

The earth for fortnin|T the banks must be taken from the excavation, or from sucli other place
as the engineer may direct.

/'iiiUlini/.—>i iiiild it appear necessary, in the enpineer's opinion, for the security of any of the
hanks, to resort to iiuddliiif', it must he done in the followint; manner. The seat of the hank
liuvini; been prepir. d by making;, as before specified, a trench must he sunk four feet wide and
three (iset deep, and deeper if the engineer should think it necessary. The best rlay that can he
jirociired must then he wrought info good puddle, by means of water, and through-working with
the spade. The courses of puddle arc to be only nine inches thick, so that in laying a superior
cuiii'se the spade may also pcnetrute the course below it; this done, the bank may be formed
thereon with carts, in r.i-iiieu courses, to the puddle at bottom, making a ditch :J \ feet wide, and
taking care to incorporate the top course of puddle with that below it. The "bank may then
again he raised three feet, and the same process re|)eated in each course, to the top-water line of
tliu canal.

Specially foh Sectioh No. 2.

liock Kirartilion. — In a thorough cut of solid rock, the bottom will be S5 feet wide, or as much
w-idcr as the eiifjiiieer may direct; the sides perpendicular, and formed as true to the line as
circumstances will permit, without making much use of the hammer. In such parts of this section
as the engineer may consider it necessary, the contractor is to build a rough dry stone wall upoti
the upper edge of the rock cuttiiiir, of the material furnished thereupon, for the purpose of bringing
the surface to a uniform level, and iiir retaining the inner slopes of the banks.

Any well-shapnl serviceable stoius for l.uilding, that may be Ibund in this excavation, must he

•Mved for the lacking of the locks; tl^ ninaindiT to be carried to form the piers at the lower
.iitraiice, or disposed of in forming the rear i. it of the embankment, as the engineer may direct.

In forming embankment on the surface 'he smooth solid rock, after having removed all the
substances unfit for liauk from the place it ild occupy, agreeably to the engineer's direction, a
freiich 10 feet wide, and from '2 J to ;}.! feet <\ ;/, at the eni;iueer's direction, shall he mined under
the centre part of the hank, and thoroughly .(eared of all loose stones, chips, and rubbish ; this
trench is then to he filled with clay, rammed us tightly as it can possibly he done, the clay to be

put

I'UllMC WORKS rCANADA).

iiiil in i-minw^. not Mrprdinit fimr inrhon '<■ iiiirknc«i, »iid jii«t •illflrirnt wntrr il««l m lirini; il U>
II firm f<iri»ii.ii'iii'o.

Thr I'liilmnkini'iit la llirii In (»• ''.inn\\ llM-n-oii in •■ 'ir»o«, rh ln-fnrr •p<N-ifii'<l, iiiiil il'ltii' ciiirinriT
lliinli if nen-^oiry, ii pint''... -Imnk inuKt tw mrricd iij" lliiTi't'roni. in thr iiiiiniirr l~-f<m' ili'<wrilN'<l,
n> fiilfli 11" ti> l»)»-»",t. r line.

All iIk' "p^iri' nirlli in till' rvwU Ik-Iow look No. S, inii>l 1.. rurrinl t.i liiriii iIh' I'mliHiiWiiii'liI
Im'I"« liK'k No. II, :iiiil w/iiilrviT other onrlh mnv Ih- rrqnirod to firm thi' liaiiks Iwlow lr«k No. 7,
>lmll lie liikrn Irciiii llif iiiljin'cnt rliiy hank*, iil -iK Ii |iliic(". .i* tl iiiriiitir ■.liiill (llnrl.

Tin- wlmlf of till' Hiirk i> l'« Ik' ilmir in a imtiiimIii'IiI ami HnlKLiiilial iiianiiir, ai'ioriliiii; lo the
Irai' iiil. lit anil iinnnin^ nl' tin- tiin'U'iinir "luritiralion. iiiiil to the lull MiriHlinlion iit' tin Unaril of
Work", or linir tiinini'iT lor tlir liiiir l«iii;{.

(•lijtnod) Siimiifl Kn/rr,

Uiuuharnoi-", I!) .\iiKit«t 1«49. Enulmi r, Hoanl of Workt.

— No. 17.—

CoBnE»l'o!«nt TE lictwi'i'n Hi* Exfclloncv llir (Jiivcrniir-Cicncml ami llio rnlimial Socri'lary,
rt'Utivi' to llir I'lucinj; nl' '.n- Ca.\ai. on llic Soi tii Srui: of the St. LniiTince.

Sir ('. Bapot'-i ni-«i>iit<'li to I/iril Stanley, lutli July IH4'J, No. 137, vi,l,- p. hh.
Loril Staiil.v's DcMiiltli to Sir C Bafjot. 2otli Ar.i;nst 1h4-.', .No. -jar,, vi,lr p. nil.

(No. mo.)
My I..or(l, (loviTiiinint House, Motitroal, (1 .Vnnnst Hlv!.

Willi refcrcneo to inv desputi'li to your LnfUliip of tlie llltli iiltinio, I have the honour to
traii'iiiit to vour LoriUhIp liertwith a copy of llic Iteporl made tome hy llie ('liairinan of the board
of Works, 'a.s to the relative ailvanliii;!-* of conslruitiiii: the canal lietween lakes St. Liniis and
St. Franeis, on the north or south shore of the Si. F^iiwrenee. I trust that thi' slatement.i loiiluined
in "this lU'iK)rt will convince your Lorilship of the propriety of my decision to iimlertiike that work
on the s(>i:th side.

1 ha>e adopted what apiieared to me to lie the necessary precautions to prevent miaunderstand-
inifs lietween the inhnliituntx of the i.'ountry throui^h which the canal will run, and the luhoiirerg

employed on the work.

■^ • I have, &c,

The Kight honouralile the Lord Stanley, (iiuoied) CImrlet liayot.

&c. 6cc. &c.

l?li> t All);.

— No. 18.—

Statement of the Objections to the Locativin of the Canaloh tl.e South Side of the St. Lairrence,
hy John Siiiijmin, Esuuire, i Member of t'le Cominittce.

I. — The Wegi,;rn Termini ■*.

1st, Because it aliounds in rocks and shonlH.

■id. That tliere is no paii«a<;eout of it, unassisted l>^ a tug-hoat.

3d. That, when hish winds prevail from the north or north-west, from the south or west, even
tui;-l>oat» (witliout which it would he impossible to jjct out), would endani^er the boat or damage
the carp).

4t)i. That the set uf the current and the prcvniling winds render it not only difficult, but also
dangerous, to approach that slion\

oth. That there is no safe anchoraf^e near the western terminus, nor for seven miles of its
approach.

(!th. That it is dangerous, nearly at all times, to approach M'Pherson's Point; that if a vessel,
in attempting to enter the mouth of the canal, should miss the Channel, it would put in the utmost
|)eril the crew, cargo, and boat.

7tli. That a vessel, to go into or out of the entrance, could alone do so during daylight.

Htli. That, if a sudden squiill arose, the vicinity affords no safe anchorage or iiarljour.

5)th. That if by possibility a sufficient depth of water could be made in the Channel, free from
rocks and shoals, the Channel is too angular to become practicable without tug-boats.

II. — That the Canal ix a Prnvineial one, andtluit, if the North Side iroiild rout oO,(M»0 /, more
than the South, it would be ecotiontical and mite to place it on the North Shore.

1st. Because the River St. Lawrence would afford a wide and nearly impassable barrier to tlie
incursions of a foreign enemy, or to the discontented refugees of ihisprovin. e.

'id. That it would be cheaper and easier to defend canals on one side of the river than to be forced
to divide troops for that purpose, with this dangerous part of the river between them.

;:d. That the level on both sides being alike, the locks must bo the same on each; that the ditter-
eiice ill the expense can consist only in Uie excavation, whether tlm' ' e in the numl)cr of (;ubic yards
or the rocky (|uality of it.

That tlie south side would require 1,703,9;j0 cubic yards, a' 1 1 i d. per yard - - £. h4,100

That the nortli side ruiuircs a'rj^rf. —

595. X 4 4th. That

i6R

PAPr.HS un.ATINiJ TO

4lli. Tli»l till' »ir.i •••limiilr or .iirviy of a I'rmcli inifinur it iiol Uforv n,, uml H|>(Mnr» <im t\„<
niitliriritv of Inafiiv 'itily. . „ • , , i <• .1 ,

.-.111 timl llM'iirx^.iih.l ..liiiml.-of M.-r.. !Hl.'».r»«.iii llHinl w. rr l.yonl.Tol lli.«'i|(iiior
of H.Hi.li..rnoi., l.Miml.U liiiii lo Ji«|i<»c> of tlif nigniory, unci -liuuia U- lliereJorr, Uieiu.U ot littia
or no uiilliorily.

';l

^^■

— No. 10.—

Fm«T Past of u Hrrour of n Sijrvev for a C'*nai. on ll»' Xohtii Siiork, miulr liy order of
Mcwr*. Simptun.S- IfanriMil—lh William It. CVwry, Civil Kiininitr.

Orntlrnirn, t'otcnii tin Ijir, fl SrptmilH'r 1842.

I liini' Ihc liononr of siilnniilinfr *<< joii (ho flii't port of a Rt'port on llio Mirvey of 11 ronlc for
u i'liniil on Ihc iiorlli xiilc of llic St. Ijiwrcnri', joinini: Ijikrn St. FriincI* iind St. l/mi«. An ttii«
mirvcv liiix Ikcm niiilmd nr(r.i.iiry liy tlio letter of tin- lion. II. II. Killiily, of iIip l^t AugiiMt,
iiililrtN'Wil to the hile chief ^cc-n tarv, it will lie pro|NT to examine tliiit couiniuiiieation with itoinc
rnrc. The tMo |Hiint< iil ir*w iirc. the eritninee into the r'linnl from Like St. Friinci«, and the eom-
puniti\r i'OBt» ot roiiKtrnftion on llie twooide* of the St. Fjiwrenre.

The letter referred to is very I'Xplieit on tln' former head ; and »h the |Mwilion of the mouth of the
eanal i« (riM-n, and the niimher, depth, and width of the ehannel.4 hetweeii the lieaiihariioiH niile and
(.'larke'w li>hiiidelearly ntaleil, eviM-y op|M)rtiiiiity i" tttl'orded to ihois.- takinc an Intere^'t iii the iiueK-
tion to no and no and for theinselvJ... nil operation of whieh every man is eapahle, and of whieli he
eaniiot well doiilil the re'^uil.

Not HO, iiinvever. with the eost of the imnal pro|)osed ; atid on tluH Hiihjorl, beyond the stalenienl
that theeanal on the hiuiIi will ho three inilei* shorter than the line on tiie ni>rth xide, there is not a
pvrtiele of enfrineerinij infurnialion ((iven so that even after surveying the north nide, and with come
ac(|imiiitan<'r with the soiitli »id<^ aUo, I am s-till unahle to oH'er any reawins why the cost on the
north niionld exceed or liill nhort ofth.it on the xoiitli Hide. Hy reasoin, I do not mean opinionM or
ininrosions hat fact'i and information, placed in »ucli a li);ht a* to enahic every thinkini; man to
iuilire for himself Opinions even from the highest Jndicial trihrniaU, arc hacked hy facto or
rcawins; hut Iutc it is merely stated that Mr. S., M., 11., &c. (rave the preference to the Hoiitli wide,
in which the Board aj^recs, and therefore the ease in proved. This ohjection iM'comi'H, however,
most tormidahle, w hen we reflect that the whole ohject of the letter is not, hv lakin|» hi|;li trroiind,
to state fairly and openly the comparative advantai;es of the rival lines, ami show wlijf this or that
has hcen pretei red ; hat'the aim ol the writer is to ijuotc only such opinions, parts of ooinlons, facts,
and casual ohservatinn>, as to the incniitious general reader ajipear to favour the Houtli side.

Thus, vihat weight in to he attached to the opinion of the French engineer, whose experience,
L'hanieter, and caiiaeitv, are as unknown to the public as is his very name to those who invoke his
aid ?

In s|ieaking of the survey. No. J, the line reeoiiimendeil by Mr. Mills, Mr. Killaly obser»es :
" Its entrance is represented' to be obstructed by shoals;" that is, the only entrance contemplated
on the north side is merely known to the Board indirectly, and on examination into its merits,
does not appear to be considered as at all requin^d at their hands, whilst tlu! entrance on the south
shore has received every attention ; and, not satisfied with (juotint; from the lieport of Mr. Tate, the
authority of Mr. Thompson, " a hydro<;rapher of deservedly high standins," is brought in also, the
whole beinir endorsed bv the President himself, as sufficient " to fully satisfy his Excellency," and
" remove from the public mind any false impressions."

Colonel Phillpotts estimated the cost of " the river route" at nearly 000,000 /., on the scale of the
Cornwall Canal; but this ."mark does not aid us in ind(;in|; of the comparative cost of two inland
canals of entirely different dimensions. I shall do the colonel the justice to believe that he never
contemplated the possibility of the canal being placed on the south shore. Indeed, how eould an
officer of the corps of Royal Engineers, more especiolly Colonel Phillpotts, overlook, alter tlie scenes
of 17.'1H, a proposition which an American civil engineer considered in 1833 so obviously clear, that
the mere enumeration of it was sufficient to carry conviction.

Mr. Mills, in the very Report from which Mr. Killaly quotes, says, " There is a political objec-
tion to its being locatcil on tlie south side of the St. Lawrence, which I will barely name." — " The-
work in contemplation must be considered national in its character, therefore ought to be so
located as to be less in danger of foreign invasion." But this rcmarli did not favour the Beau-
liarnois side, and finds no place in the letter.

To the third survey it is objected, that it has " the whole of the lockage (82 feet) combined in
one s|H)t" *No line can be found to which some objection may not be made, but is this objection
of weight sufficient to turn the scale against the north side ? It may not be difficult to have two
or three small reaches between the locks, which would obviate this objection. Then again, the
fiicility with which materials can be procured, the greater economy of management, and the con-
venience to the boatmen in having all the locks within one mile, are objects worthy of serious
cnnsidurution. The estimate is 3-24,043/., and deducting only one-fourth for the difference in size,
there remains '.'43,707 /., as the estimate of an inland canal on the north side, against 25S,U00/.»
the estimate of the inland canal on the south side. If estimates are to be adduced as evidence
when they favour the south side, they should not be omitted when they favour the north.

The fourth survey was by Mr. Mills, and to this, as well as to the last, it is singularly enough
objected, that Mr. Mills did not recommend them, although he expressly says, " I have deter-
mined to recommend the Plan, No. 1, along the St. Lawrence."

The-

* Mr. Mills's cstimste shows this assertion to be entirely unfounded. — W. R, C.
Kingston, 38 September.

I»l ni.lC WoMKS (CANADA).

!«•'>

Thp fifth onrvrv wm hy Mr. Sir' cikhih, uihI lir tiTv juailt i|p<iKiiati-< llir Miiiih niilr u wry

I itni-iilrr iIh' norlli <iilp ■< vrrr nil\iinl«(r<'«ii*i hiil iinr on that •reount prrfrmMp lu ilr •ouiti.

Mr. BainI |in li'r* iIm- •iiiiiIi •iili'. tint im rriiKuii i' mukIimi:. .1,

In > <iiiiituli«'n Inini Mr. Kifl.r'i l{rp<irr, llir l'M|lii«in|{ |iii<>n|ri' »rriir», wilh ihp ilnlir* : " Tlir
north "iilr of ihi" ^"l. |j«wrriiri'. iN'twti'ii llir liikr». Hiiii lliiirtniiiltlif rxiiminnl hy Mr. Mill" in lt<:l:i,
mill in lliiit iliilt I iiiofltil liini, mill iiiiiiii- out nil lii< |iliiiii<. I'roin lln iiitiiniili- kiiii«lril'.'<' I Imvr
lhu« M'qiiirril iif liiiil |»irt of ilit- inui try, I In 1 n ijimhI drvrri- of Hii>iiruiirf in r»|iri «Miiir llic
ii|iiniiin lli.il rill liiii' mi tin- mirtji rIiIi' run Ih' limiiil tu i'i|iihI in nnniiiny, in I'lirility ot'iiiiviuuliiui.
iir in I'rmliim I'nini ihc (lialurliinK )-iium« iiltliMMU unil in', tin- rouir inlcnili'd tu lie |iurMiiil mi tin'
■oiilh niilr."

Mr. Milln. in lii< ltr|Kirl of tliiw vrry rxaininiitiiin«, nn' a, " I (inili'ii llic "iiulh -iili' nl' tiii*
Kt. Ijtwn-iiri', anil piuMxil nM'r the DUiilrv Iroin l^tkr Mt {''runrin In llt'iiiiliiiriiniK, ^m Ijikr St.
Nniiit. Piiri'ly (!i'ii(!ni|iliiriilly, lliiii wniiiil *nn\ tlic tiiiMt iiHturiil anil ilinrl rmitr Inr .1 1 :iii:il
iM'twren lliciM' WMti'M : I iliil not cxiiiiini' lliin rniit.' with inntriiini'titH. Imt liii\r Ih'ciiiih m ry w.II
w<|uainti>il with ilir rounlry. I hrli 'Vr it In n'i|iiiri' 11 Innt^ir raiml, anil iiltliniif;li -.rry liiunlilr,
yet iMKiariMint; tinlinur\ liicJiltirK to r(iii>triirlion."

Mr. MilU in I'H^i'rly (|iiiiti'il wlirn hiit n'lniirkK iimy )■«■ tnTiidl uuain>«t llii' nortli, nnil rt'li|;ioii>ly
avniiltil whirr he ilcnim ihci )'xi»tfnt'i' of iiny ailMiiilU);i' on the Miiitli i-iilc. Ini|i'<'<l. In nurli iin
rxtcnt ii< thi* |iriiii'i|ili' riirriril, lliul llir olivinnn niitlmii'.l iiiUiinlii^iK nf tlir nnrtli i<li<irr iirr not rtrii
uilniittiil. Not only -mi, liiil tlif ri'|>ly ol' tlir (ioviriioiurnrriil to tlir ili'|iiitiitiiiii in •Inly Iti-t, is
Hi'luully bron^rht liiru aril IIH iilisiutini; nil niililnry unil(':iH to ilii> rontmry niituitli>l»nilini;l|iiilili('ul
<ilijiTliiinH. ilix Kxrt'lliiiry i-> lowiirt'il liy llii' |irii|it'r iiullmrilii'i, tluit rir<'niii>tHni'rn ovrr wliirli
hr ha* no I'diitriil ri'i|iiin' tlii' lixralion of the niiiiil mi tlir i-niilh i-iilr; wlml, llirn, nfiininx I'nr 11
liriliHh (lovi'rnor In miv, tliiin that it will Ih' tlii' iluty of tlir (loMriiniriit In ili'linil it. lint ii llif
ranal lo In- iilai'iil on tlii' xontli hIiIc nirrily Ihtuiim' tlir ltrili>li iiriiio nrr iililr In ih ti'inl mii' |iliiri'
iiinrr? Ciin any unr iloulit that llu- iliflcrciicr in cunt not luuii); very ^rcnt, IiIm Exi't'lliiK y umilil
iniim-iiMily iiri'tiT the north ciilr .'

The whnli' raw iniiy In- htiitcil iIiiih: llir prrat (tlint is ili" I'oiiiinrri'iiil) olijiTts of tlir «ork will
l>c ^lually will iii'roiiiiiioiliitril on t'ithi'r wiih', with, ol'i'uurm'. 'iniilly rtlirirni I'liniil" In a Miilitiir\
point of view, llit- raniil on tlio nortli *nV woiilil he nntionii' liilol on tlic woiitli siilr it nii'.'ht nut
unly iK'i'Otni' iisrlrHS, hiit iiii^rlil ai'lnully lie tnnicil a(;uini't uh' "oiinlrv ; liriiri' a IriHiiij; ililliri'iai-
in nii'it slioukl not lir ronsidi'riil in thi' lU'rixinn. Tin (rrral oliji rl i>>, tni'riliiri', to olitain a Inlrnililr
approximation to till* relative roftlM. Now, iIkti' ijiir^; no t!iniM'l'<, larL;i' vallryn, wiilc ra>iiir< tn
croKK, or iiiilreil any lar^o worki* un eithrr niili-, tlii'ri' rt'iimin only llic r.'irth-work iinil lorks. Tin-
loc'ka^u will ho tlii' tiuiiic un hutii niili's hrni'r the ilifliTriirv in rnil, liio,i>(>il A, iiiu.-l hr i-iiii;rlil I'm-
in the earth-work ainioot fXi'liiHivily. ThiM i«uin i^i snfficii'iit to rrinoVL' l,(liii),Oi)i) riiliir yanlH of
earth at I *, ail. |ht yanl, '2,0011,000 (.'iihic yard* at I x. prr varil, or •J,(loo,iioii culiic yiiril< at !i </.
prr yard. The leiiKt of tlit'i- is an I'liorinoii.M miinHnf cartlsiind lIuTrran In' tin diffiriilty in pnlntiii);
out where 8UL'h an gxi'csh uccurs on the north nidi'. Thin adinilH of \mnfr ptatcil rlearly anil ron
cisely. Why, then, not eonie out openly at onre, anil say that we i;ivi' the prelirinre to tin' soiitli
side, liecauHe wc liuve two or tliree niillion» of riiliir yards le-s to remove lliuii on the iiorlli Hide,
or M> much lens roek, or wimtuver it may be, wiiieh inereaiies the eost of that Hide 1 00.0110/, over
the iioutli side.

The eiitiinates of different persoiiH, made at different times, for works of different dimension^
convey no idea of the eomitarative en^rineeiiii); merits of rival lines; and unless yon laii priH'iiri'
8uinetliin<; tangible and derinite as tu the iii.'tiial quantity of work to lie done on the >oiith siiii-,
there will be no |ioHsibilitv of my beinj; able to say whether yon arc ri^l.t or wroni; in the position
assumed, that the south side offers no substantial advantages over the north, as ref^iirds liirililies of
construL'tion.

It is said that Mr. Ilarwood's line, or the line on the north shore eorresgiondini; to the line of
the Board of Works on the south t^ide, would eust one iitlli more than Mr. Mills' inland route,
and would therefore amount to .3H0,O(iii/. Mr. Mills' estimate was tor a ennal of tlic size of tin
Cornwall Canal. Now I have unden-tiMid that the lockaije on that canal has cost about :i,oiio /.
per foot till, which for H'2 feet would pive •J4»),ooo/. ; only 1),imiii/. less man the estimate of the
Bcauharnois Canal complete. There must, consequently, be a viut ditference in size, yet the
reader naturally infers that the comparison is Just.

In stating that the line on the south side is shorter than that nn the north, no allusion is niiiilc
to the strong current between M'Phcrson's Point and Jjike St. Francis, and the render infers thai
the upper termini are equally advanta<;eous. The whole state of the '.'s:™, .;ould not be given
without admitting some interiority ; hence so much only is stateil as is favoumbie to tin- lleaiiliar-
nois side. Persons on the north side, on the other hand, cheerfully admit that Couvillon's Hay
forms an excellent entrance, whilst Mr. Killiily denies the very laws of nature, and actually call.'i
the north or west, the lee bank of the St. Lawrence.

It is but justice lo the President of the Board of Works to state, that his nimwcr to the objec-
tions urged against the sufficiency of the rhaniiels leading from Lake St. Fr.mcis to the upper
terminus of the canol is full end explicit. The public is assured that " there are three entrances
of from 600 to 1,200 feet in idth each, and with a depth of water averaging from \-i feet to 20
feet." Now, altliougb the very existence of these channels is still denied by many who have
sounded them within the last fevr weeks, and although highly respectable persons (-onfidcntly assert
that there is not even a single channel oOO feet wide and 12 feet deep, instead of three, as above,
I still think there must be some mistake in the matter. It is quite impossible to siipjiosc the Board
i^orant of the case, and equally impossible to 8up]>osc the mis-stateinent to have been made inten-
tionally ; for the infamy of the former would be rivalled by the atrocity of the latter supjiosition.
I have not sounded across from the Bcauhamois side to Clarke's Island, but as fiir as a " lands-
man" is able to judge, should pronounce the entrance, as .••egards current and exposure to the
" N •. westers," the quarter whence comes the heavy blows of autumn, us very for inferior to tiic
ol'" • , lilishcd landing on the north side.

No donations of land, or even money or materials, can be expected on the north side. I l>cli>'v<,
also, that the land given to the province on the south side will be eventually paid for. What

595- Y ' '"'erest

I'i^

l>APKr\S KKi.A'l INC. iO

iiilKc .( }i»> lll^ '• liiiliiliin" 111 Hiiiiiliiiriuii- more tlifiii lln liiriiKr ul M. ^,u^la^ll»•, in tlic (•arryiii(;
triilf >>i'twi'<'ii Kiinliiiiil iiml llir htalri' oCdhio, Mii'liinan, 4:r. .' Wlicn Iji- <lir<f-(ivrni, an he Hoon
iiiUKt, thnt ln' has niviii away part of liii culatc in or<lor to rcniler that which is left h«tK valiiuhic
and ronvciiicril, Iif will iictili'in llio Icui-laliiri- for rclifC. Anil win ii a privati- railway com) any
in tills I'riniiirc i'h< itI'iiIIv |jaiil '.'."i/. |iit ar|(ciit (or tlic laiiil oiiMi|iii'il. iriviiii; every man a crowin;;
on liix fariM, ami aiilini; tin (lraiiiai.'e of liii laiiil hy the I'linKlniclimi of llic rntiii, doex it heroine

the IVovinre of Caiiaiia to acetiit the tritlinir sufn of a ti'W ll i.aiiil |ioiiiiilr viorlh of |)r(i|K'rty,

two or three iMT eenl. on the |irolialilr eo^t of the work, ohiaincd hy Mniie nieaiix or other from the
liMhitanH of lieiiiihariioiH.

I w ill, B« soon iiv |)i>s^ilile, forward on to Kini;slon the seeoiid |mrl of this Paper, with a de«cri|i-
lion and [iroflle of the line, ilie ainoniit of eiirth-work, and the result of my sounding the channelH
iH'lueen ('I irke's Island and the neaidianiois ..i.-'e.

It is hut fair to ol>servi>. that the line on the north side, surveyed hy myself withont any uti«ii«tant
in eiL'ht or ten days, lahoiirs under creat disadvaiilaires as eoni|mred with the loealed line on the
wmtli Bide, which' nndonliledly oe(U|iies the hest (jroiind, and 07i which many months have heen
fpent with iiiiliinited means, (ireat im|irovemenls may he nnide in the line on the north aide, hy
the rif;or(iils and svslemnlie survey which precede a liiial location ; hence some allowance sjiouht
he made in coinparinsr the hest line on the wiuth side with a line on the north, wliich can only ho
considered as it tolcralily near approximation to the I'-st line which that side uH'ords.

To the IFon. R. U'. Harwood, and
.UiUn Sinipson, Ks((. m. p. p.

I have, &c.
(sij^ned) H'i7/m/.'i /?. Cnsri/,

Civil Engineer.

It ii
' .A'.

r 1

'. W 'A

— No. -JO. —
Sei OND Part of Mr. Cmei/'a RReoiir.

Gentlemen, Coter'i du Lac. 17 Septomlwr 1842.

I NOW irive you the detailed stalemcufs of the survey of tlie north side, with sunli calculntious
mill information as, with similar data from the south side, will enahlc you to institute a fair com-
liarison l)etween the enirineerinjr merits of the rival lines.

The ^renenil result iiiny he ttateil thus ; — The eiilirc Icnirth of the line, from M'Tntyre's Bay, at
the foot of Lake Si. Francis, to the locks near thi' ste;im-lioat latiilin;;, is 14 ,; miles, or ahont 15
miles if carried down lothe St, L:iwrenee water. Of this distance. It ). miles areartiKeial can:d, and
i) \ niih's are in a ravine, which, with eiiiluiiikments ut proper intcrvnls, oives a larfje natund channel.
The entire fdl I iniko Ni tiiet -J iiiehcs; Imt, as there was a very strong wind from the east, which
must have raised the waters of the Ottawa at the Cascaih's when I look the last level, it will be
jitoper to add two or three inches on lliat account, say H2 feet 5 inches, as jriveii hy Mr. Mills in
Itsaa. The total quantity of excavation amounts to l,H4i),ono ciihic yards, for a canal nine feet
deep, 7.") feet wide at hottom. hanks on hoth sides 1-2 fi'et liifjh, \'2 feet wide at top, and slopes both
itisideand outside, two horizontal to one vertical. Where the emhankment exceeds the excavation,
one-eighth is added, and the sum is put down as excavation. There are, therefore, 1,840,000 cubic
yards to he handled to form the channel of the canal. The difference in cost of the two sidts is
said to he Iiio.ooo /. nearly ; and, as observed in the first part of this Paper, this diftcrence must be
sought (or in the pr^'ater amount of excavation on the north side, the (lualify being the same. Rock
will be eneoimtered only at the upper end of the canal on the north side ; and the estimate of loose
and fast rock on this section by Mr. Mills, amounts to only w,-Jii(l /. for his ciionnous canal. The
present line will run a less distaii .hrough rook, and tluMliniensions are very little more than two-
thirds of the other. Deducting, however, 10,000/. for 40,000 cidiic yards rock, and we have
1)0,000 /. equal to 1 .i. J d. per cubic yard, on the entire excavation of the north side, a price at
whii.'h it would. I think, he readily taken by responsible contractors. To carry out the calculations
of theUoiird of Works, there must beni excavation whatever on the south side, but a natural canal,
requiring nothing more than the locks. Hut not only is there some cutting on the south side, but
there is reason to believe that a much greater quantity of rock will he encountered on that side.
Suppose the most favourable case, and one not at all likely to occur in practice, that is, a uniform
depth of cutting of five feet, wlicli is ju-.t sufficient to form the embankments, and the quantity
to be excavated will he, for 12 miles, one million of yards, worth about 50,000/. ; so that there can
be little risk in assuming that the saving in the earth-work must fall short of 40,000 /., omitting all
eoneideration of the rock en the south side, as well as of the very material saving which a com-
plete survey must effect on the north side. An appeal will perhaps be made to River de Lisle, and
the so-called " Rivers " Rouge and La Graisse. These, as well as other minor considerations for
and against the north side, will be given afterwards.

The length of the line on the south side has Iwen hitherto taken at 12 miles, terminating near
M'Pherson's Point. Between the mouth of the canal and the broad lake is a very strong current,
against which a tiig-boal could only draw a fraction of the load she would take with ease through
the hke, whilst on the north side a' steam-tug may start from the nrcsent wharfit w itli her full com-
plement of barges, or the latter, if without steamers, ma v sail with the lightest fair wind up the
lake. It will require a stiff breeze to enable a barge to reach the lake from M'Pherson's Point.
To make an equally efficient cinal, it must be carried .ii; several miles higher, when, with an
extensive breakwater to resist the " north-westers," it would, at best, be equal to the line on the
north side. This opinion is directly at variance with that of the Board Works, " that no line on
the north side can he found to equal in economy, in facility of navigation, or in freedom from the
disturbing causes of flood and ice, tic; routi; intended to be pursued on the south side." If dis-
jiosed to speak ironically of the western terminus on the south side, it would be in vain to search
for more npproprl.itc and cutting expressions than sujicrior " cconoinv," or " facility of iiaviga-
fion." To Buppose that a barge can be taken even as easily from unv point in Lake St. Francis
(cqui-distant from the proposed western termini of the two canals) to M'Pherson's Point and back,

lit

PUBLIC WORKS :CANAI)A\

I7«

DR to M'Intyre')) Bajr hikI bauk, i;* to atuiinir ■ |iusitiun »|]piin-l tin < vidi-m c of oiii-'d !>i'|is<'>.
Iiidvod, tliis ami tlif " ihrop entrHncp« of from (100 to 1,200 lift in widtli euc ii, anil willi a di'ptli
ul' water avermjinit from Vi Ufl lo •Jii fpct," iirt- to inc ciivelo|K:d in iiiyHlery. A proprr HUrvvy, to
onable an en){inwr lo state fully tlie I'lipubilitioo of llic entrance, would oi'cnpy iievcral weeks, in
the extent of wnUr U very Kf«"'> ''"' "'"wl" nuiiKTOii!., tlie clmnmls very intricate, unri the current
very mpid. This wem, of courM', entirely out of my j)'iwer ; but, ui'lcr xoundin^ wlierever there
Hppeund iinytliiiifr like an entrance, I biivc not suceewled in findin); more than eiijhl or nine feet
in depth, and :i width of ehunnel al»o'it one-third of that of one of thi^ entrance* of the Board of
Work!-. iSIany iierwjiis, nonie McmU'rs of Parlianient included, have of lale examined ihi.H
" unexceptionable ciitraiuc," and have, us fir as I have lieartl, Inen no more forliinate tlian myself.
To admit that the bimys now ihirc ilcsi)riiuti; the Im's! enlriincc. i^; virlually to admit that, up to the
iKt of Aiiirust last, the Hoard were protoundly i'.;nuraMt of the most ini|)ortant element ; indeed the
element Hlii<-li nniy be said lo have dccidid the ((ucstion in favoiir of the south i liir, by assuming
suiH-riiir iiieilities of nrivi'^alion, the liin' was reduced to lv> miles in leni;ih, with u correspond-
in;; diminution in cost. A copy of .Mr. Thom|)>on's chart, which " fully sustains the descrip-
tion" of the Uoard of Works, would, by pointing out tlic three entrances, |)ut this ipicslion at
rest.

The capabilities of the entrance must necessarily have come under the observation i.f .Mr. Kil-
lalv two years since, when staliiitr to Lord Sydeiiliam his prelirence of the squill side ; of Mr.
Keefer, when esliinatiiii; the cost of the caiml from Mr. Killuly's nieinoraiidum, dated l-Jth Au(;nst
1841 ; of .Mr. Keoti'r, aa:aiti, in Marcli last; ol' Mr. 'I'ulc, in April; of Mr. Kcfer, when report-
inir the superior " facility of navigation" of the line on the south side over nay line on the north,
iiOcr examininjx " .Mr. llarwood's line;" lastly, of .Mr. Killaly liinisilf, when writitu; Lis letter of
the 1st Au);ui-t to Mr. Murdoch.

When comparing the Icnjrths of Jie rival lines, the deptli of practicable channel, the streni;th of
current, and the frciiernl facilities of navigation shouid be taken into account ; for these circum-
stances, it materially difrerent on the two sides, iiiij;lit nut only warrant, Ian even render ex|M>dient
and proper, a considerably lart;cr disbursenn i.t on the side olti'rini; the ureater udvantai;es to
the trade. The Hoard ol' Works ^ivc the prcil rcncc to .M'l'lierson's I'oiiit on the south, over
M'Inlyre's Hay on the tiorth side, whilst 1 consider it not only inlerior to the latter, but po-itivelv
objcctii))iaI)le. It is obvious that persons e iu;n^'cd in the navigation ol the river are the proper
authorities to relir to, where there can be n ly room for doubt. It will be remembered that the
objections are limited lo the western entrance, the exccllenc'C of Couvillon's Hay bcintr peiicraliy
admitted, so that I have not examined it

The followinix is a brief descri|)lion of the route ; The sket<>li afiven on the map (jives a correct
idea of the line as fur as tlie ravine; thence lo the Ottawa the route will be windiiifr, but withoni
any objccticmable earns.

The line jjiven on the profile commences at M'liityre's Bay, crosses the point below, passinir
between Mr. Simpson's- house and the road lo the river, a dislunee of ihree-loiirlhs of a inili' ;
thence three-fourths of a mile on the banks of the St. Lawrence to near M'Uean's mill, wliere the
line turns lo the north and crosses the River dc Lisle, about Hiin ti'el above the bridge; thence to
the River Rouge, near the hiiihway, vviiioh it keeps near till past Mrs. Tavlor's, where it strikes
I cross lo rather low jrround, at the St. l-^maimel roiril, a distance of four miles and a half nearly fiom
the lake. From this point the line is very nearly slr.iiL'ht lor a distance of four inilcs anil a half
lo the ravine, which it follows to the Olluiva. The i.ad of thi- lavinc is nearly a mile aial a half
from the river at the Cedars. With the exceplion of tlie po'nt at rbe lake, the trreaiesl heiglii
above the level of the lake is 5 feet 10 inches, liir a few hundred feel behind Mrs. Taylor's. At thi'
fonner place, the land, for 000 fct, is about eight teel above the lake, though this may be avoided
by kecpint; on the bank of the river.

The only structures on this line from which that on the sniitl. can be free, are the dam acro8!i
River de Lisle, the aqueduct or embankment across the Rouge, and tlie aqueduct over the I*i
Graiese. A dam 350 feet in lenglh over the first is estimated by Mr. Mills at l,ooo/., but I will
put it down at 2,500/., with a elide for logs ; tl.c aqueducts, 240 feel long each, are estimated by
Mr. Mills at 8,000/. ; I will, however, allow 10,000/. liir two aqueducts 40 feet long each, in ail
12,500/. But by placing an embankment of earth from the neighbouring cut, across the valley
of ihe Rouge, with a sluice-way ii)r the water in spring, at a cost of 500/., the aqiieduci would be
saved, and a distance of 2,000 lict of larce ravine would hccoinc available for ninigation. Here
would be a saving of 4,500/. on the aqueduct, as well as the excavation ol 100,0C''.i cubic yards of
earth, worth at 1.*. periard, 5,000/.; in all 0,500/. leaving only 3.000/. against the north side.
It is, however, immaterial wliicli we take, as 'ho advantages of the ravine cannqt viell be estimated
at less than 20,000/.; (or with llie exception o! •• -nt n mile, Ihe width is such as to render unne-
cessary the constant annual repairs required on tlie banks of artificial canals, or the protection
wall which will, in my opinion, be indispensable throughout these imnienee canals, li \» even
found necessary in the enlarged Erie C'uual, which is less than onc-ha'.f the size of this. The eosi
will not be less than 6,000/. per mile of canal, and at least four miles of the ravine will not require
any. As this is a " sfeam-boat c.inal," the advauiages of a channel varying from twice to five
times the width of the artificial canal, will be apparent to all who duly appreciate the new mode of
transportation to be introduced by these great works. As far, therefore sis these secondary consi-
deratioiiB go, tlie no-.li has nothing to fear from an exaniiiialion.

There remain, then, only the land, and the road, and farm crossings. If the line on the «oulh
side bo only 12 miles long, there will be a saving of several Imudred pounds ; the farm bridges
should be bought off' on both sides, and the cost of the road bridges will, I believe, be twice as
great as on the south side. On nil these, the difference may be 5,ooo/. or 0,0(io/, against the north.

A mile and a half of slope wall will be required on the north side again-l on the south side.

Only four or five culverts will be required.

An examination into these details merely cor.fiiins what is olixiu is to any i ye at all accuslnmed
to judge of ground; that the only .swbsti.ntiiil ililVerence must be sought ior in the exci'valion,
which, ngaiii, depends on the length of the luie and the depth of cutting, o., what is more inqiort-
ant. Ihe height of embankment. Thin the cost, with cuttings of seven and three feet, arc about
equal (five being Ihe minimum), but the filtration and clmnces of tiiilure arc vastly greater in the

,)I>.5- Y 2 latter

If2

I'AI'ERS RFF.ATINC TO

Itittcr tliiiii tlio liimicr roue; tlw Iwo profiles should tlicrcforr Im> comiKirod with ttiin olijert in virw,
as a hri'iik in this cnnal will tiiiikc iin iin|irc«KioM not I'luiilv rffneod.

11', th(rr*()ri'. vfiii arc <iiatili(l ri. jirocuff til Icfinitr and laii^'itile" iiitbrniatiun alludiKl to in

thr firHt part ol'tliif HciMirt. it will Im' very vusv to we wliirc tlx- difltiriiri' ol" <'0!it is, what it i»,
and wlit-thcr it in tnffincnt, mi|i)><i*itiL' it to 1h' in fiivoiir of the wmlh hIcIp, to more than counter-
Imlanct! the national advnntau'es wliic li, with a cinu'le exeeption, all unite in ai'<'or(lin^ to the north
fide. An to the preeine aniuunt, opinion- will rlilFer. wiine L'oin'/ a* liitrh u» loii.oud/. otherx an l)w
UK 10,001)/.; hut the (jenemlitv will, j«rliii|w, he hetweeii ID and l."< |M'r cint. on tliu [irohalile cwt,
larerullv determined from exjlerienee in (anaila, where alone workn of thin magnitude are under-
taken.

The cah'nlations are haseil on the line down the ravine, l>nt an exci'Uent line mav aUo Ik; had
on the tahle-land an far ax the (.'iiKcndes, with Home |:e(»liar advantaiies previoUhly afiuded to, and
it in not ini|>o«.ihle that this latter line niiifht he entitled to tin- preferenee; hut a« the cbjeet of
thif pa(ier i* to give a (renond idea of the (Klvantatii'" and disadvai lajjos of the north side, and not
to eoni|Hire rivallines <m that side, the hulijeel cannot he diseu^sed here. Theite ealeniations show
it to he searcelv po-sihh- that 'hi' differenee in eoMt "lionld Im> ."jO.ouii/., even with a canal 12 miles
lonjf, and if earrii'd up, as it in niv opinion eventually will he, the cost will I* ecpial to or aliove
that on the north -idc ; -till th( i'M'ation w ill have heen secured. As resfiinls the other (xiint, facili-
ties of navi;;ation, depth of water, &c., the Hoard will scarcely insist on the accuracy ot Mr. Killaly's
stntements of Isl Aut;nst lust, as too many jiersons Imvi', since that lime, examined it themselves,
with the result already fjiven ; if otlierwis4>. however, ii will be necessary to procure a chart of the
three entrunies with from \'J to viO feet water.

I conclude with the remark, iTiore than once made in this Report, that I believe the quantity of
excavation may he considcralily reduced by placing; the line on llic best (rround, which, ugain, can
oidy be done by full aiul systematic surveys.

To the Hon. R. W. Harwood. anil
John .'Simpson, Em|. m. )'. e.

All which is respectfully submitted,

(si-rned) W. 11. Caxei/,

Civil Engineer.

— No. •.>!.—

ESTIMATE of the probable Cost of cotistruetiiij; a Canai. between I^kc St. Francix and Ijike St Loiiif. I..ocks
2110 X 4r> X I). Canal HO feet wide at bottom, lo tirl dee)i. Banks 14 Ic'ct high and Ii I'eul wide at top.
Slopes 2 to 1.

SOI'TII SIDE— INLAND. (Tlir Jicaiiltarnois Canal.)

fj!

itjf
J;:

Isl. From Channel in l^ike St. Francis to Main Lfiml:

Removin;; 19,100 cubic yards of boulder-stones from the points of the shoals between Isle rux Chats
and tin. main land ; the stones to be raised by the jiatent steam dred-je (constructed on the prin-
ciple of the steam cxi i i 'or, now in srucce-sful operation in the Cuited States), and deposited in
the deep water l)clow tl.' ioals, a' .'li. .--.---....

Cost of dredge, 2,500 /. ; for its use on this service ...-..-.-

Kote. — This is an item of expenditure, in my opinion, uncalh d fi)r at present, and may not be
for 10 or 15 years to conu'. Tliere is at present from H lo H J feet waicr on the bar, in the main
ehaurcl ; whereas at Chinmey Island, in the St. Law rence, lielow Prescott, there is now no more
than 7 or 8 feet. It is believed that for a number of years, or until the obstructions in the lakes
are removed, and the chaimels better known and nutrkcd out, steam-boats of greater draught than
seven feet will not be used, and for these the channel is quite sufficient as it is.

Excavation below surface of water, at the entrance of the canal, 5,000 cubic

yards -••-a'ljt.

Boulder- stones that may be found in this excavation, 1,000 cubic yds. .i' Is. extra
Forming the end of the pier from the excavation - 1,500 „ a' dd. „

Slope wall for its protection - - - - ]50 „ a' 7.«. flrf.

Coffer-dam (no pumping, as the water can be drawn off through the canal)
Timber bulwark, for the defence of the point of the pier. 550 cubic yards, al

at t)s.

275
50
37
56

(too

247

Total of the First Item

£.

2d. — The Canal from the Main Land to Water in Lake St. IjOiiis :

Excavation to 29-65 chains - - - - 204,500 c. yds. a'
Embankmcr' from Excavation ... 12,000 „ „

Loose stone in the above 15,500 „ „

Stones to b" blasted 5,000 „ „

Stones carried mors than 300 ft. to face the bank 5,000 „ „

1}(L- -

iid. - -

1 s. extra

Is. ttd. „

1«. - -

199,000

,»

„

iOd. • -

IJ.OOO

ad. . -

9,000

„

»»

1 s. extra

3,000

2«. Od. . .

£. s. d.

4,775 - -
500 - -

1,266 5 -

6,541

£. s.

9,372 18

300 -

776 -

625 -

—

250 -

8,291 13

525 -

450 -

375 -

t. d.

\\,^ii 18 4

0,641 13 4

"li

I virw,

. to ill
t it ia,
>uiit(>r-
• north

IIH I)W

' cont,
uiider-

>(/ liiul

:o, and

jeot of

Il<i iiol

show

iiiili?g

ilicive

tiu'ili-

ilialy's

iselves.

of the

itity of
in, c'lui

<0M!>. L)rks
wide at top.

£. s. (I.

775 - -

500 - -

266 5

541 5 -

:. s. d.

!22 18 4

41 13 4

ULIl

>* ukk:

■• t'

-A

iN.A

l)i\^.

>73

Exravation to 100-102 chains
Kinhuiikiiiciit - - - - •
Stones

. 130,000 c. yiU. a'

- 10,000 "„ „

- 1,000 „ „

• o.,iuu „ „

- 4.5tMI „ „
• I,5tl0 „ „

- 1M7,000 „ „

- 30,300 „ „

- 2t,ooo „ „

M,000 „ „

. 13. (100 „ „

- 4->,»(IO „ „

- 1,0.10 „ „

- 130,400 ., „

- l-',70O „ „

- 140,100 „

- 00,000 „

4,01(0 „ „

- 5,000 „ „

- 3H,000 „ „

aiiis - 25,300 „ „

- •-•7,300 „ „

- 40,000 „ „

- 11,000 „ „

50 acies „

r mile ....
both sides

'Ji ....

eueli ....

Total of Second Item

2«.
•21.

1 .1.

7 s.

fid. -
l)d. - .
1 1. extra

Sd. - ■
1 JI. extra
«(/. - -

1 «. • .

n<L - -
1 f. extra
0,/. - -

!!,/. - .
o</. . -
1 .1. extra

o</, - .
!•-/. - -

U</. - -
0,/. - -
Hd. - ■
5*. - .

1 *. - .

N(/. - -
5.1. - -
3,/. . .

(/. .
12/. - -

4,333

022

».

,/.

5,00.i

o,uo

12,592

0,012

5,501
5,501
2,475

3,313

10,108
4,725

118,.500

•

5,785
9,800

./.
H

E\<"ivatioii to 171-101 i chains -

J^M)*r hfOIH'K - - . - -

SloiK's lo Ih' hiatitrd . - • •

«,73«
225
1K7

13
10

Exniration to ® 227-129 chains
Kiiiliaiikmcnt from excavation -

J^lO^r >t(»IU'!* - - - - -

Stones to Ik- bloslcil ... -

0,350

»«2

1,200

1,000

Kxeaviilion to 201-07 cliains
Kiiihaiikiiient - - - - -
StoilCri ......

4,h75
1,717

—

Kxeavation to 200-87 chaiiiH
Eiiili.iiikiiu'nt - - - - .

5,115
470

Kxeavation to © 3in-S7 chains
K\cav»tion to 327-24 chains
J^viavation, earth, to © 334-21 eliains
Jlitto - - rock ....
Knilirnkment from excavation .

103

1 ,250
1,000

Excavation, cartli, to 252 wat"r, 4 I el
Ditto - - rock ....
Embankment - - . - -

843
0,H25
2,500

Slopo "all, two miles of Canal, with sills
Grubliiiij^ and clearing . . -

4,125
000

Giiarii lock .....
Kiixlit !itl locks, 12,500/. each -
( )ne road culvert over River St. Pierre
Four small culverts, l.ooo /. each

11,000

lllll.OOO
3,500
4,000

Catch-water drain, 1 1 miles, at 05 /. nn
Finoin;: - -Hi ., „ 320/.
Two toll-collectors' houses - 250 /. t
Six lock-houses - . . ino/. u

715

3,700

500

000

Three swiiipj bridjics - - 1,000/.
Damai;es and compensation for bridges

4,H00
5,000

. . .

£.

220,333

3d.— Excavation under Water to the Channel in Lake St. Ixjuis, Piers, Coffer dam, &c.

Coffer dam and pumping -

Kock excavation under water, 10,800 c. yds. a' 5«.

Piers 14,000 „ „ 7s. ttd.

Sea-wall, stones ... 14,300 „ „ '2s. (id.

Mreast-wall, dry ... 1,600 „ „ 7» Of/. .......

Filling behind breast.wall, &c. 8,900 „ „ 1 «.

£.

£. s.

2,500 -

2,700 -

5,476 -

1,787 10

502 10

445 -

13,470 -

Summary.

1st Item.— From Channel in Lake St. Francis to main land . . . .

2d Item. — The Canal from the main land to water in La'iP St. Louis . . .

3d Item.— Excavation andcr water to the channel in T^ke St. Louis, piers, coffer,
dams, &c.

Superintendence and contingencies

ToTAt

£.

£. t. d.
0,54 1 5 -

220,333 15 -

1.3,470 - -
l.';,-)55 - -

255,000

Remarks. — In reference to the first item, it may possibly be found advisable (instead of going to the expense of
removing as much as 19,0C0 cubic yards of the }X)mt8 of the shoals), to construct a towing-jiath from tUc entrance ot
the Canal along the bank of the River, a distance of one mile, to the point at Knight's House } and from thence, a

5yj-

distance

^^^

•74

I'AI'FIIS UKLATING TO

iliMiUKC of .111 (.'llut>l^, ittoii'^ till' xlioal lyiii;; on llic Hoiitli xiilc of llio Clmiincl, uml Icrininatiii); :it lliv jiuiiit wlirrc (lie
Cliuiiiii'l it iiiirrowi'!>t. TIiIh would uoJt iiiui'li jil)out tliv huiiic an tbc work entiiiialed, Uring ua rollowv :

Towiii(;-(>nlli iili>ii(r Imck - - VS.IOO c. yd*, a' 8rf.

Ditto - - to point oCidioa' - :)l,ilHn „ „

Hi'iiioviiii; piiiiilH oCkIioiiIs • (1,H00 „ ,

l.'ite of tlic Ntouiii-dri'dgt' . . . -

IX. ed.

as.

£. 1.

0!)» i:t

'j,37n

l,70(t -

rjoo -

£.

5,014 1.1

Office of tlip noard of Works, ^
Kiii|^toii, 1 UctubiT Iti4-J. /

►*»'flmMc/ Ke^ffr,
lingiucer, Board of Works.

r a:

fi t?

— No. 2'.'. —

EitTiMATi; of tlio Probable Cwt of Constructing ii Canal betHccn Lake til. Franri* mid Lnhf Si. Iahiu: Locks
900 X 40 ,< It feet; Canal 80 (i-et wide at bottom, 10 feet deeji ; bankH, botb sides, 14 feet liii;b. and Iv> feet wide
at loji ; hIo|h-s 2 to I .

Kiirlh title — Inland.

Tlie line unon wliieli tbe followinjicstimnteis made eoniineneeH at M' Donald's Point, at the foot of Ijike St. Francis,
runs uloH); llie edj;e of tlie St Uiwrenee to River a Delisle, whieli is crossed by a dam ; crosses tbe Itiver Koufrc
by a larije culvert, mar Its niontli ; rro<-es tbe River u li: Graisst lO tbe same manner, and strikes into tbe revine,
wbicb debouclies into l!:i' Olliiwii, above ibe Ciiseades. Die last !( . 's placed i>"ar tbe poiti' of tbe Cascades, so as to
carry tbe Canal to St. Lawrence waltr, in Lake St. I.,ouis ; and bctwe 'ii tlie wale • look and ti.e moutb of tbe Quinz-
cliiens River n siiifjle bank is construclid on tbe river side, raisin(; bis leacb . ix lect above tbe Uttawa, und thus
obviating tbe difficulty of excavating under water.

Ist. — From tbe Cbunnel in Liike St. Francis to tbe Ma-n Land :

Excavation under water .liloo c. \ds. a' 1 .v.

Boulder stones tliat may be found in tliis excavation -J, "no ,, „ I .v. extra
Forming tbe end of llie pier froni ibe excavation 7,4(1(1 „ „ i\d. •

Slope wall for ils prnlection .... luO „ „ 7.«. (ttl. -

Coner dam (no pumpiiii; reijuired, as tbc water can be drawn off tbrougb tbc Canal)
Timber bulwark, for tlie defence uf tbc pier bead 'iW yards, a' 'J.i.

3.— Tbc Canal from tbc Main I>and to Water in Lake Si. Louis:

Excavation, first section - . . .

Ditto - - second ditto . . - .
Loose stones in tbc above ...

Solid rock in ditto - . . - .
Embankment from excavation •

Excavation, fbird section . . - .

Ditto - - fourtb section

Ditto - - fiftb ditto . . . .

Ditto - - sixth ditto - . . .

Ditto - - seventh ditto - . . .

Ditto - - eighth ditto - . . .
Embankment in tbe above sections -
Loose stones ......

Stones to be blasicd . . . . .

Slope wall, two miles of canal (both sides)

Grubbing and clearing . . .

1.1i>,74() 0. yds. a'

444,700 '„ „

(12,000 „ „

•"'4,000 „ „

30,500 „ „

562,700
44,300

4U8,760
-0,220

205,900
1,103,830

l(i0,000
40,000
15,300

iK. - -
lOd. - -
1 s. extra
4.f. - -
ad. • -

lod. - -

Sd. . -

Od - •

8rf. - -

Od. - -

ad. - .

9d. . -
1 s. extra

„ 2.S-. 6rf.

11,000 „ „ 7 4-. 6rf,
50 acres a' - 12/.

Guard lock

I'.iglil lilt locks, each

D:',in and wiisfc-weir at River a Delisle ...
Two lar;re culverts, Rivers Rou)^ and it la Graisse, each
Four small ditto, each -.-...

Catcb-watcr drain, 14 mile-. !i' .......

Fencing on one side, 11 iiiilcii, tbe otlier side 11 miles = 12^, a'
Tvo toll-collectors' bouses, each - - - . . .
IVino lock-keepers bouses, each ---...

Si\ srtinir bridges, a' - .

i)nni!ig(^, «nd compensatitui for bridges ....

I*i.v brid;^e-licr»i';c.s, each

Diii.'iiiig llie con." c of the Quin/ehieii River

1 2,500 ;.

3,500 /.
1,000/.

- 05/.
3'iO/.
250/.
150/.

1,600/.
125/.

£.

,1.

'.'70 -

135 -

IMO 13

HOO -

247 10

6,037
18,529

3,100
10,800

887

23,445 m
1,476 13

18,703
2,340
7,721

36,704
6,000
2,300
1,912

11,500

100,000

2,500

7,000

4,000

010
4,000

600
1,350

9,600

7,500

7.;o

1 ,000

10 -

4,125 - -
600 - -

1,695 8

30,953 13 4

100,094 7 6

4,725

125,000

6,760

18,860 -

ri'Bl.lC WOllKS ((.ANADA

CoffiT-dani and piiriiDin^r <or the «'i(;litli \o<V.
lurlli cxcavBtioii uiiclcr whIpf -
Rivor hank, liclwccii litihlli and niiilli liM-k
< 'ofi'iT-duiii and piiinpiiit; a; niiilli lock
Kixk cM'avalioii li«r (iiriiiatinti o* lock
Slo|><' wall lor [irotcctiti}; riviT-lintik -
JLock Si: II, MX-li.ll lift - - - -

7,400 c. yds. a' 1 $.
.■3,400 „ „ I ». (/.

•J ,340 <•. yds. a' .5*.
^.000 „ „ 7 jr. IW/.

1.
I,.%00

:i;o
1»,J,'.,-)
,'),:)0(i

l.AOO
1 '.',ftOO

Total of HitoimI Itoiii

£.

'.'0.110 - -

U'JS,lii3

3d. — Kxi-avntidii under W;ilcr to llip Clmiinrl in Ijikt Sf. Louw, (a

Kxoavalion nndor wattr, nunc.
I'ierH ....

*>ca-«ail ....
Fillin); in Ijcliind south pier

8,733 c. yds. o' 7 ». '/.
0,fl<ltl ., „ 1 >. tl (I.

3,274 17
711 - -
4'.'4 U» -

^*f:MM,\RY.

First item -
Second item
Third item -

f. I,()Mf) M -

32&,1«3 - 10
4,41(1 10 U

Superintendence and cnntinpencies 7 per cent. . . -

Tktai, ----- f

In order to draw a just '^inpari^on iK'twccn the co^l on tlii« and the cost on tlp»
^outli side, it is but liiir I • add to this estimate llic i \tracliarj;e ot" three liriclije
and two look-att tiilants, niakinj; live in all, nu>n> than are required ''ii the
miutli side. At <!0/, pit annuiti, their pay would iiniouiit to 300/., which, .'it
six |>er cent., is t!ie interest on

Estimate for the north side -
Estimate for the south aide -

Difference in favour of the South Si(h'

£.

4,410 lU

>. d.

331,'JHO 6 4
•23.100 10 -

3n4,4nu 4 4

0,000 - -

3.-)lt,400 4 4
25.5,1)00 - -

IU3,.'>II0 4 4

NoTf

c. yds. c. yds. c. yds.

Ill this (.stimatc there are 3,070,0(10 of exc'n.; 289,000 enihank't.; and .'ir!",340 solid ropk.

I.I ^Ir. Mills' there are 2,78H,!)'3 of exc'n.; 3Io,13!) cmhank't. ; and 81,«7(i solid rixik.

Mr. Casey has - - - 1,840,000 of exo'ii.; none stated. ntme stRied.

Oflic- of the Board of Works,!
Kingston, I October I«42. J

SiDiiuel Kcefer,

Euffiiu'cr Board Works.

— No. 23.—

Detailed ESTIMATE of 'he probable Cost of a (^nnal on the North Shore of the St. Lanrentr,

by W. R. Casey, Civil Engineer.

KiiipJton, 3 Oct. 1842.

The object of my examinations and report was not to furnish an estimate of tlu' jirohahle cost of
a canal on the north side, hut merely to show tliat the Hon. H. H. Killaly was wroiii; in Icndinir
the public to believe that a canal on the north side would cost 100,000/. more tlian on tlic south
side ; also, that he was in error in a>scrtinfr th'J existence of three clianncN, w itii troni 12 to 20 feet
of water at tlie western terminus. As I understand it, the Board admit that no trace of u singlu
such channel can be found, so that there remains only tlie c(.ni|)amtive costs.

The great items are the lockage and earth work ; the minor ones arc the aqueducts, culverts,
bridges, protection wall, and cost of laud, including farm bridges. Now, as the lockage \n the
same, and as the total cost of the minor itims on (he north side is (exclusive of land) only about
30,1)00/., the principal ditlirenee must be sought for in the cxca\aiion, the cost of whioli on the
north side would little, if at all, exceed r..'(i,(MUi/. The (|Ualily of the earth being the same, the
piers shouhl he tiu' saai" on both bides; and as they are rather high in the following estimate, they
way require reduction in comparing them witli the prices of the ISuarU of Works.

I ,

rm-

Y 4

EitTIHATE.

l^c,

K.i8

■j-\:».

n I

! i!^

176

PAPERS RELATING TO

KxTIMilTE.

Cotrau (In Lat- to Si I'lnnnurl Rmul, 4-4 iiiili-*
Si. Juniimiel Hoiid In riivitw, 4— '> iiiilw -
3,4on fcrt I'lnli.'iiikiiKrit lotir»t Kick
RmliiiiiLiiii'iit ill ruviiiu . . . -

TowiKilli in ditto -

..iaviMi' to lock", 4,0(10 riinnint; fief
Kxtni I'lnlmnknicnt itt Hivcr U lu Grussc

Htven roiid tiridep", 11' l,5oo/. ...•--
H.ooo niiiiiirii; (nt |iriitwlioii wall, 12,000 culiic yordii, a' 10 s.
Dam over Uiver d»' ImIv ..--••-

Aipu duct over Houijc, 2,222 c. yds. masonry, a' 1 /. 1.1 s.

(1(1 liiiral ii<t H'Hidrii trunk, a' ii/.

Hontc-patli, (10 (ix'i, a' 2/. lUt.

Aqueduct over River River ii la Oraisw ....
Five ciilvcrl!', II li'ct spiiii, 1,700 cuhio yards masonry, a' 1 /. 15 4,,
60,000 cuiiic yards rock, at 5 ».

Total cost of cartli work, rock, bridRi?*, culverts, a(|iicdiict.>i, dam, and protection wall, of 14 f miles
of canal, from locks at Ctii-cadeii to M'lntye's Uay at Lake St. Fran(3is. The cost of land and
form liridgcs 1 do not know.

Cost of earth work and rock, a< above - . - -
Mr. Mills' inland r^mte ......

Deduct }. fur dilliMi-iicc in dimensions ....

Exceeds Mr. Mills' estimate the sum of
For a much more expensive route.

I mention this, not as doubtinf; the accnr.icy of Mr. Mills* estimate, but merely to show that
I have not .itlempled to make a low estimate of that |)(irtiiin of the work on the north side, on tlio
value of which hangs the decision of the Committee, accordini^ to ray view of the case.

c. yds.

Now as regards (]U(iiitily, by Mr. Mills' estimate 3,200,728

As per my estimiito - - - - - - - - c.yds. 2,270,0.10

Quantity saved by ravine, deducted from line above ntvine - - .')78,!tl8

p. vdii.

£.

l»».'t..-ild

6.10,01.5

nN,(M)0

322,100

H0,0l)0

f)M,000

30,000

S,330,03l a'

li.

111,031

10,000

n,oo(»

•

2,>00

£. 3,H88

300

l.'iO

4,338

■

4,:i38

* • •

3,0112

* - -

£.

12,000

1.14,200

£. 133,718

22,280

£.

123,031
111,430

- £.

11,101

Add ^ for ditference in size -
Diflerence

2,040,048
020,1)0!)

3,179,4,07
71,271

It is possible that the 310,13!) eul)ic yards of embankment in M.". Mills' estimate are inclnilcd ju
the excavation. In that ease my estimate would i'X(rcc(l bis 23t-,S08 cubic yards; otherwise, it
would fall sliort of his estimate 71,271 cubic yards, or nearly 2:i per cent. Where the cinbaiik-
ment exceeds tlie excavation, I have added ,\, and put the sum down as excavation, which conse-
(]uenlly liives the total number of yards to be handled to form the cannl. The dinien.«ions are 80
feet b utoin, 10 lijetdeej); banks, 12 feet at top, 14 feet liigli, and slope* 2 to 1.

The nonli side admits of three routes; that by the river, on the table land, and in tli. rjiviiic.
The last bus been adopted in this estimate, but no opinion is givc'i as to rlicir relative iricnls.

Lastly, I feel very sure that considenible reductions can 1h' made in the < xcavatioii, if its minutely
surveyeit as the line on the south side.

AH which is respectfully submitted.

(signed) W. R. Cimeii, Civil Engineer.

w\m

— No. 24. —

LETTER from the Aciing Clerk of the Kxcculive Council, eiiclosinpr Copy of a Report of a Com-
n)ittee of the CouiKui on the NecLssity for an immediate Extension o' the Public Works.

MN^ Executive Council Office, Kintr«toii, October 1m 12

I HAVE to acknowledge the receipt of your note of this morning, and lierewith transmit yi;u
a copy of an approved Repori of a Committee of Council on the subject of the Beuuliarnois Cri.al,
which is the only proceeding relative thereto on record in this office.

I have, &c.
To 0. Moflat, Esij. 1 , • ,s ,,r „ ,

,. Chairman Committee Beaulmmols Canal./ (signed) \\ »i. U. Lei:

it>&

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

>77

Copv of 11 RKPOHT of llio Comniitlei- of elic pAcrmivo Cuniicil, daloil I.lili June infi, a|>pn)vi>d
hv his Kxri'llciicv the Oovfriior-Ki'mTuI in Coiinril tlic wiiiir <hiv "' ' ' ' " '

N'ccfHi-ilv for an iniiiictliutc Extcniiioii of llic I'ulilir Works.

on tlip Subjrcl of llio

TllK Comraittop of Council lutvf, in iiumnam-c of your Excrllrnry'" in«trurti<nii., had nndrr fon-
si(U"mliiiii iho siilijccl of tho mrr?«si(_v for wm inniuilialc cxtrnsion of thr |iiililir' work» not vi'l
HUthorixi'il to h? prcMi't'dMl in, in order to nirr t the prcH-injr ('incr^cncy of iirovidinj; for tlif niiat
Hinouni of iinnii(;niliiiii which a|>|H'ars to In' coiiiini; into the (irorinct', un wrlf from (ircat Uritaiti nt
of llrili^h •.nhjcct-' from the nt'i'^hhoiirin); State".

The ( oniniittet' think it ilexirulih-, for the |inr|H).<e nf i;i\iii); iinnndiiite eniphiyinent to th< inmii*
grants to proceed at once witli the c ontiniiation of t)ie jrreat St. Ijiwrence navii^ition, hy tukiii;;
Meps til criniinence the works ncc<'>isary to connect the waters of Lake Si. I'ratM'ix and I..ike
Si. Ix)iii>; and a» the stcretary of the province for Canada Ka^'t ha" stated thai the City Hank of
Montreal are prepared at unc<' to furnisli the fiinils iieccssiry to onalile the tfoverniiieiit tocdnuiiencc
these \v<irk», the nminiiltec arc of oi)inion that it i-.advi>ial)! ■ to prucecd forthwith, and aecordinijly
rcconiinond that the Bonril of Works he instruclc d to take tlic necessary steps to coniinenoe llii'
coiistnictiuti of these works, and that tlic receiver-general lit instnuted to clcwc with the oiler of
the City Bank of Montreal for a loan of '.>0,0tHi /., lo enable the Hoard of Work- to carry on the
o{>eratinns tlir the present season.

As the president of the Board of Work.i lius stated his opinion, which ha- liion recently coiifirinod
liy a minute survey, that a connectiiiij line of water conimuniealion lietween the lakes rel'crrwl to
can 1h' much more advanta)ii'oi;dy jilaced upon the sunih side of the St. Lawrence than on the north
fido, hoth as rcpirds the iwrmanency of the works and the cheapness of their construction, and
cfficii'iicy when comiiletetl.

The eominittcc are of opinion that the coursi' of tlic canal should he on tin south side of the
river, ami that the Board of Works he authorized to proceed aecordinjj;ly.

(Certified.)

(sijined) H'ni. //. Zfc.

— Xo. -.'5. —
(l,I(i4.)

LETTER from Secretary of Hoard of Works, respecting the Detention of Witiiesbcs for Cross-
cxauiinatioii hy tlie President of the Board.

Sir, Board of Works, Kinsrston, i October 18 t'.'.

Havino examined the evidence relating to the canal to connect Lake St. Franiis with T.iike St.
Louis, handed me by Mr. Toihl, clerk of the committee, I havi the honour to inform you that
I cannot see the least necessity for detaining the pilots or others, not scientiHc (mm^ohs, for cn)ss.
examination by llic president of the Board. As you recpiestcd, I have consulted with the Hon.
Mr. Harrison, who fully concurs in the view I had taken.

I have, &e.
The Hon. Geo. Moffatt. (signed) TIwk. A lieijtcy,

Chairman St. Lawrence Canal Coiniuitfce. Secretary.

— \o. -JO. —

EXTR.\CT from Proceedings of the Board of Work- ; l:uh December lis;Jl).

Ordinary Meeting. — Present. Messrs. McCord, chairman, de Blcury and Red|)atli.

The Board examined the reports and plans of tlu' ditfcrent engiii.<i-s who have ben einploved
to eMimine and report upon the best means of I'onstriicting a canal to unite Lake St. j'rancis with
Lake St. Louis; and the secretary is now instructed to dr;i« up a report on the same, endiodving
the following heads: To show the ditterencc liplween tin \;irioiis re|)orts already niaile ; that they
are partial ; and that the Board will be unable to gi\e an opinion of the best route to je adopteil
until they have sent an engineer, in whom they can place confidence, to examine the dirt'erent
lilies.

(^Certified a true copy.)

(signed) Tlivmas A. Beijley.

Secretary Bourti of M'orks.

(SB.) •

— No. ','7.

REPORT of the Board of Works to His Excellency l!ie Governor-general, relative f) tJic

Ueaiihanioin Canal.

Sir,

Hoiird ol' Works, Montreal, 14 neceinlier 18.T!».
Excellenc\- llic late (Jovernor-jjcneral, dated Mtii

iwrcncc
Board beg

fN referci:ce to the conmmnication of , .v., ,:..,.,. -fi.„...,., ,.„„

October last, refiuinng the opmion of this Board "whether, tor the completion of the St. U
Canal, it woulil be advisable to run it on the south or north side of the river," the Boil
leave respectfully to rcjiort : —

i^Ol

P.Vi'r.lJS I{KLATIN(; TO

Tli:il Imviiiir ciirrfiillv cxiiririn i| liii- ri|iiiri>, [1)1111-, aii'l .-liiiiil. - of Mi"r-. Hairil iiiicl Slcvi'iKoti,
oil llie pnntKiiliilitv ol ioii-.|rii(tiiii; tlif "liil riiii.il tliroin,'li llio »tii;iiorv of HcuiiliiirtMi", iiml ilmw
of Mr. J. jl. Mills, for ihr Miiiii', lliroii(;li tlu'^vici orics ot'[/iiilarii;i't aixl N'liiiilniiil, lliij liiul lliim-
►. l\i ■• iiiiiilili- lo iirrivi ill iiii_\ ciiiiiliitjvc o|iinii>ii on ilii-t «iilijc<t, liir da- wiiiil otriinn- inrnniiiilioii.

I'Ih' Uoiinl tiliil lliiil tlir riiL'ilii" r- who liiui- liirli riiijil('\ ril lo riport on llnsi' roiilc-* liii\r con.
timil llicin.-ilvri in llirir ixiiuiiimlioa- i-.wU to liin o»ii Milo of tlio river, unit ioni«((ii('nllv tliat nii
invi"tii;iilion liv u ]irolii»ional |» rson liii-> yt Ixt-n )u:icli' -.m totluir roni|iarilivc iiiiTili.. 1 li>' Moard
arr t"iirtliirol'o|iiniim, that a route niav In' liitinil liir this (}a:ial |io.-.('s-in;; many dii iili'<l aii\anla);rii
o\ir uiiy thai has yrt ln<n ))rojKi«il ; and in oriU r to i iiahlc tlu'iii to rrjHnl niitislarloi'ily on thu
rcf'cri'iiiT now iMJiirc tlirni, ihm .iri' dr-irous ol'i n;;a;{in^ a -killul and i-oiii|)rti'lit iiininirr to nnike
sui li rxaniiniitioiut a^ thi'V -liall dinct.

The Hourd lluri'lorc 'rrs|iii iCiilly riiiiitHt that his KxiillrrnT will hr |)Kascd to ai thorizr tiio
i'in|iloMin at i Ian cn^tinc. r lo makr, iindi'r in-trnclions that liu shall rcicive froiu thin Uourd, such
exai..inut.ons as will enalilu tlirin "ilh lonlidi iirr to rcpurt to liiri Ejtci'Utillcy on lUv. projKT route
to hr udupti'd li»r thin liij^hh- iin(«irlaiil iinprovciuciit.

I liavi', ^L-.

The Astistaiit Civil .Secretary, («igiit'd) /. >S. MiCunl,

iiv. kr. &c. (,'liair0ian Board of Work*.

— N'o. 2H. —

EXTRArT troiii a Report inadi' hy the Hoard of Works, datcil -ioth Fchruury IS40, to
Hi- l)\ii lliiiiy llu' (iovcrnor-tjeiaTal.

'• Tub Boanl are at present un|)ieparid to deiude the prcliininury (|UCStion Hubinittcd, namely,
on wliieh side lla St. Liwrenii', lidtteen the Lakes St. Fraiieis and St. I^)nis, the canal should he
located, ti)r the reasons -el fiirlh in tliiir Report, .Vo. -Jsi ; hut slioulil il pUii-e your KxecMeney to
praiit the pniyir ihereof, the Bo:ird are of opinion that lliey will la' eiiahled lo sulunit to your
Kxeelleni y's consideration u inoru adviuilaiieoiis and less expensive line than any yet proposed for
that olijeel."

^'fe' :

— No. 2!). —

EXTR.XCT from that part of the Report of the I'resident of the Hoard of Works to tlie Governor
uiid Council, dated IJth May 1S4-J, relatiiii; to tiic Canal from the Coteau io tiic Cascades.

"£. onii. Tliis sum is to cover cost of sur\'eys, CHtimatcs, &c. The Board would stroiis;ly
recommend that some proirress with the works of this section should he authorized this year, so
thai it mm ho completed in IS It, no work llaviui^ Keen yet cominenced iwi if. SevernI lines have
heen explored tlir its roiUe, chiitly on ihe north sidi' of the river, to whicli the Board of Works,
coneeivint; there was much objection, as to ditiiculty ofconslriu'tion and expense, have had the line
formerly si'le<'tud hy Mr. Stevenson, on the -ontli side of the river, earefidly re-surveyed hy ai'oni-
pelent engineer. Tile re-all ot' the -nrvey tally eoidirnis tile view the Board had taken of it, the
line Lieinjj in evify respect p''efera!)le to thai on ihe mirth side, and the work ('an he executed at U
very reduced I'ost.

" An ohjeelion has lieen made hy some, in a military view , to ha\ iiij^ it on llie south side, to which
the Board ..1' Works do not altrihiite any v ei^ht, more es[)e(iahy as the Cornwall portion of tho
navitfation fnearly eom|)leted) is within muskel-shot of the American terrilory, as will necessarily
he oilier portions of Ihe 'general line al <-. ; whereas tlii > )iorlion, as jiroposed, is about -JO miles from
the frontier.

(Certitied a true oopy.)

(si>;ned) 7 /loinas A. Uiyln/^

Secretai'v Bo;.rd of Works.

— No. .30. —

EXTRACT from Colonel /'A (7//>o«'.'! Report, dated ^4111 of October lMi)8.

After Colonel Phill|)Otts .states his objections to the south side, in a military point of view, he
continues —

" Tc this it nia\ lie answered, that ijie eomniunicalioii now under I'onsideration is chiefly, if not
allo;;ctl'er, iiitendeii liir commercial purposes, and that ihe whole line of tlu! St. Lawrence woultl
lie so niinh exposed, in tlic event of a war, as to preclude its use to any fjcreat extent. This important
ciueslion, however, reipiires lull consideration, and it will of course be ileeided by hiirher authority
tlian the rejiort of any individual, I have here provided for plaeiu": the canal on the north side of
the St. Lawrence, according;- to Mr. .Mills' plnn ; and if Mr, Baird and Mr. Stevenson are correct,
the sum I have mentioned will be more than suffieieiif tiir placing it on the south side, if that route
shall be finally delermined on.

" I think it |)rohahle that, by putlini; one or two dams aer.iss troni the south shore to Grand Isle,
the river itself may be made iiavipiblc nearly all the way to St. Timothy; but I have not yet had
an opportnnily of examininu; ilie ground sufliiiently to enable me to speak positively on the subject;
I am, however, induced to believe that in any case it lauy be found possible to construct a canal on
the south shore eheaiK'r than on the nortli."

io-i.

iM'nur WORKS (Caxaoav

«T9

— No. ai.—

HEI'ORT on • SrRVBv of ilir Rinr St. [Aiirritirr, Im iwii'ii VnXv .'i Cultiinji' miil C'otfun tiu \mi ,
liv llenrj) U. Thomftiin, Survfjor unit t'ivil Kii),iiU(T.

Tu Jukn Juiim, Km|. L'liuirtliuii, iir.
Sir.

I iiAVi: till' lioMoiir t" "iiliniit the folUiwimr ri'|Mirl of the Mirvcy ixciutnl U\ uit; in i-(iiii|i)iuiii'«-

with tlir iii*triictii)ii iiimiiiiiiuli-it in vmir l.ltir oftlH I-Jlli Aiii,'ii«t ; the «i>ril« of wliiiii iin- lirr*

w't tliiwii, »iz : —

The i(iiiiiiii»-ii«ii(r-i ii|>|MiiTitc<l t(i siir\(v I.ukr St. I,iiiii> iiriil lillici |>li((i>, iiii<lir tlir .\rt il Will. I,
c. '.'•'1, liii ■ ilii; (ii;;ai;ril vmir -4 rviriM fur 11 )Mirtic)ii nf tlir »iir\( v iiiiil |iliiiiiiiiii; iit tlu' Hi\cr St. Ijiw.
reiiiT, (Willi Coir H (,'oii>iij:r to tlir mill lit tlif <'(ihirs ;iiiil Iroiii llic >illiiui' tjt'llic t'nliir- lo Cottmi
(lu Imi;

" Tilt' olijcrl of till' tiiirvi'v. voii will fiii'l li_v tin- Art, 11 i'ii|i_v ot wliiili i» now liumlitl you, i« ' lo
oJilaiii »iiili iiiliiriiiiiiioti n- iii-.iv ><r\.' lo ^iiiilr llir I,i ui'-Iiituii' hiIIi rn^inl to tlic work "liicli it i<
|ir<i|ii'r 111 iinili pI.tI.!', liir r>tiilili<liiiii: h itliiii llir limit* of l.owrr (iinuilii 11 wiilt r roiMiiiiiniriilioii,
«,'orrr~|iiih(lini:, il' jm. -iMc, witli lliiit w liirli tlir J,< ;:i-liitiirr of r|i|M r Ciiiinilii Iiii- miilrrliikcn to
^■(^t^lllli^ll oil till' Hivir St. |ji« n iiii-, mar (uriiwiill, in tlic Miiil pun imc of rpiHr ( 'iiiihiIh.'

" A>^ till' wiili'rs of till' St. Ijiwri'iirr iiri: liiililr lo viirj in ilr|illi at iliiriTiiil tiim>, it will Ik-
«'X|ii'(liriit tliiit Mill ii-iirtaiii, from iiirson- liviii; on it-* 'iliorr-^, tin' lowi-t IimI of ilir vatrr lit iiuy
IML-*! timi, ii|ion w!iii II to rnlin r nil your Miiiniliii};» a* llir true (liplli of tlii' wiilir. It will al>o lie
111 rrs>arv llial yon Ml up "onii' pcrimintiil mark, uraiiuati il in Hit ami iiirlir", in oril< r to n rtify
Viiur >oiiniliii;;~ lo tlir miiiic 1< » 1 1 iluriii>; tin' proyrr>Mif \ our «ork. I n onlri- lliul llir ci iiimi-'-ioiFi n»
bf inliirnii'il of tlu' pi'oL'ic*- of yoiir iiur\ry, you 1111 ili'slrnl to niiikr wiikly rrports in ali«trarl of
your «ork, !iy li'ttrr aiiilri's^icl to llir iliiiiniiiin of llir I'oinmi-'.ioii. at (^urlx r."

At .1 luti'tint;, licM in Montrtal, of llic roinnii'vioiii r?-, on tin I'.'tii .Vii^u.'-t, I uun fiirtli(>r
In-triirti'd to UM' U'- my uiiiiU in ll»' pi'iipo«iil >iii'\i y llii- map of tlml part of tin' Kivcr Si. Jji«ri in'o
«liii'li Iir- liilwi'i'ii till- ( oUiiii (III 1,10 anil till' CiiM'ailis, i'\( I iilril liy .Mi'Mimlci' Sti'Vi'ii-on, Eitp,
anil aJMi to limit my -iirvry to llic taking; of Miiiialiij'^'-, anil llii' ii-iiilaiiiin^ of tin- M-'ocity of the
I'unriit at iliflcrcnl poiiil>.

The <!i lails of till' MirMy nilliwhirli I wa." lliii.-- 1 iitrii-li il iiii.' laiil ilo«n in l! r plan hin 11 ito
uniii'xcd, anil to Hhirli I hey liavr to rifrr you. ( )n ihi' I.jIIi .\up;u-t, my o|M'iiiiiiin'- wirp
< oniiiiriii.'i'il at i'ointr nii Moulin, iiliil (untiiiuril tlirnrc in tlir flr^t iii>tanri' to I'ointi' tiu
ClKiirltc. Tin soiimliiin'* laid down on tin' plan -\\it\\ ^nal ini'^nilaritv in llic dcplli of the
wilier of the liay extending; liclwrrii the two |Kiint-. On ihr plan arc laid ilo«ii >i\ linr- of
.•.oiindinifs, takrn in the hay', the lir-t at ',Mi yards from the vhorc, the M'conil at 40 NaiiU, the
third at HxiyariU, the liiurth at IMi yards, tlir tifili al •J'^ii yards, nnd the sixth at 4iiiivai'ds;
the aviraiir inurval htlwi'rn ihr soundiiiL^H on each liiir is alioiil (in yard'-. I asctrliiiniil, troiii
persons liviiir on tlir slmri', thai liir water was 'generally a foot aid a half lower than al the time of
my survey. I ereeled a trradiialnl nati I'-inark, hut derivid ii" -sislanee from it, Us the M.uiriii
neither iuerea-ed nor iilialu! during my stay. The sounding" are reduced one fool and u half,
a'jfroeahly to the inli)i'!nalioii I ieeei\cd. .\l I'oiiite an Moulin I iiseertained, liy one experiment,
the velocity of the inrient lo he seven ki ols an hour: tin aerideiit wliieh oeeiirred to the lo^-linc
iirfvciil<d nie tVom rcpeatiiii; llu' expeiiiiieiit, hut 1 have reason t 1 helievc thai the ic^iili which 1
Iiuvc marked Is eorreet, within a liw yards. Fi'oni I'ointe an Moulin the current diminislies j;rii-
diially; and at Pointe an (henetle, 1 iiseertaiicd its veloeity to he Hj kints iin hour, heiiic; the
mean of sCM'ii experlmculs. 'I'hcre are a uuiiiher of slioiiU of stma runniiiLT out from the shore,
from HO to nil yiii'ds ; tli, y will he found on the plan, iiidicMled hy dots. I-'or threc-fourlhs o( the
distauee, from the extremitv of the canal to tie wi'>t ol I'ointe an Moulin, there is a eonlimuniH
channel of five lii t reiliu'id in depth ; and for the rriiiaininii liiiirlh, 1 loiiiid a channel of I.j fict.
From T'oiiiteau Clieneltc lo I'ointe :iii < 'oiiloin/e, are laid down on tlic plan three line- ol Miiindinys,
at the (listaiicis from the shore, and with the averii;:!' interval alio\e inentioucd. 1 found that ihu
current eontinned to increase lii'adnally, and that al I'oinle Coiiloii'^e ils velrcily was 4 ^ knots an
hour, hein;; the mean ot' seven experimiils. At ihe dislancr of loo yards Ironi the shore, anil
hetween the two points, as hy the plan, llicre is 11 eoiilinuou> chain el of at least 111 ttet in depth.
Between Points an Moulin uiid an C'hcnctte the eurrriit is slionii, and may hu proiiouniu'd nnna-
vijiuhlc liy ordiimry craft heyoiid the lines of Koiindiiifis.

From the stcam-hout wharf to I'ointe IJoudetle, tin' lines of souii(liiij;s laid down on lli.' plan are
irregular in nuniher; those nionij; the shore are j;tlieially at the res|ieetive distances uhove men-
tioned. As in the previous survey, I erected a graduated w ater mark, hut auaiii fiiund no variation :
the infoniialion rej;iirdiiijr the |.ieiieral depth of the water eorresponiled with what I had previously
received. ,\t MrDoiiald's Point I found the veloeity of the current to he 'J .J knots an lioir,
lower down, i i, o [^ nnd I J knots neiujf in each ease the mean of four experiments. At French's
Reef, I found it to he 4 J knots an hour, and at l-lvat's Point :) J knots, heiui; in each case the iiiean
of four experiments. The current at Pointe Uoudcttc is weak, and easily surmounted; the water
in the small hays hetween the steain-hoat wharf and the hitter iitfords u chamicl, which varies from
three to four feel in depth, and is ereiierally rapid.

Between Pointe Boudctte and Point au Duihle 1 innde several lines of PonndingB, which will be
found exhihited on the |ilun ; there is an excellent channel rnniiiiig close to the shore over clay
hottom, with n jjentlc current ; at Point nil J )ial)le the ourrent is found to inciease to 0^ knots.

Between Point nil Diahle and Point Biroii I found ahuiidance of water, and a gentle (uirreiit;
at the hitler ]ioiiit its velocity reaches 5 knots an hour. The plan exhihiis all the varieties of the
current, and of its depth.

From I'ointe Biron the velocity of the current diminishes, and in approaching the Cedars it
becomes very gentle. Between Pointe .Mnreoux and King's Wharf, nnd al a distance ofHU yards
from the shore, 1 found from 1-J to '24 feet of water. The cross soundings show the depth ol'w;'.ter
between opposite points.

The above survey was concluded on the 8th of September.

1 have, &c.

Montreal, 22 September 1842. (»igned) Henry G. 2'ltumpgim.

595- rsi

7t»

t»o

P.AI'ERS Hi:i..\TIN(J TO

I 'i^

— So. 35. —

IU;i'ORTiiM II i»i HMv i.t ili.ii |Miriinfi ..fill. Si. I.ui,,„<<- b<lwr(ii Fjikc" ,«*/. /muu nnil
SI. Fraiiin, li) /hill,/ li. Tlwin, "■•!. Siir,. v.ir (ind Civil Kn|{iiuTr.

gi. Miuitrriil, Ml l)i'i'oiiil.f'r I -i;))).

T IIAVK llic li..ii..iir to rr|M.rl (.. v.ni tliuf, on tlir •.'4lli Sc|ilcmlMr MHII, f rr.i'ivril 'u»trii(tioii« l«>
|.ri«ml to milk.' .. -iirN.'V, Ink.- ^...in.linu'-. «" • >'!■'•'"• I""-li"" "'<'"• W'*''f ^l- I-H«r.licr "lii.'li is
. '111111. r'H-il IhIm.'i'ii |jiki..Sl. I<iiiii« mill St. Fr.iiici".

\..'r<<'«l.l\ t.. lliiw lii»tni.'li..ii", I iiii.'"U"'l ""•"• '■''•' '" l>r..M-ioii!.. fcr., anil i.ii tlii' l.t Octolirr
iirrn"il 111 till- liiol lit' Uikr ^«t. Kriiiiri". «>li tin' -iiiilli «lliiri' ill' w llii'li I roiiilliriii'i'fl iin oiKTIl-

I iiiiiv 111 Tf rriiiiuli, lliiil llirimt'l""'' '•"' -"rvrv tin- wcntliiT wii.. rxiToiliiii^rly uiitiivoiimlili', iinil
Iniiii. nilv ilii\.ila|.Kiil iliirili): wliirli I . ..iiiil mil rlii|il..v llir nil ii on llir Mrviir.

■fli. |.l'iiii h'IiIiIi ,ii'.'oiii|.iini.- liii" »i'|..Tl . xliil.iN in it. lail llir M.i.;k |Mrfi.rini'il. \i.ii will |K'r-
ri'iti, >ir, lliiil till' -iir\i'y Wit« i'.>iimiiii.'ril al tlif Iowit lAlrcniilv ..I l.akr Si, Fninris, iiml iiiiili-
nuoirilii'iici' (i|ii»ii»iiril!i) 111 l-iiki Si. I,.iiiii, li.tHrrii Station /. anil m7 ; llii' -iirvfv «ii- niu'oiio-
iiii'tririillv rV'.'lltiil; Uliil, iVoiii llii- l:illi r, Hiiilrll.

Hi tivi'i'ii (':il l-liinilanil llir Himlli ^llorl• lii"< ii -lioal, ii- iiiilii'iilril on llir |i|iiii ; llm riv. r atibriU
.1 "oiiil I'liiiiiht'l, on rilliiT siilc! ot'llii' hIioiiI, of HI (I'ft. Hrlow tht ■nirliirc oCllir -lioa! I (imnil ii
•.'lavi'l roin|Mwilion.

I'V.uii >lulioii t to ilutioii H,tlii'riirrrii' \va> iiMTrlBini'il lo \>v i^i'iilli!; from -tiilion n to >tiition |-.>,
till' niiiiilily iil'llii' riirri'tit liii-rcaxfn ; ami at M'I'Iiitsoii'h Point it olitains -J ' knots |ht lioiir. asi inili'.
rati'ilon till' plan. I'roin ^lalil)n \-2 |o>lalion '.M i'\i'<t» a tU'rii'M ofstron^: ra|iiili. In ilir Hay, littwifii
-liitioii -^4 and -lalion .'lo. 1 foiiiir. I'roiii lo lo :ii) lift of water, and a i;i'nlli' rtin-cnt. In front of
-I;. lion :!I. ii nlioal rxir^U*. witli friini onr i.- two iW't of water; lii'low tlir tiirfiifi- of tlii" -lioni, J
toiinil, iifi in llie iinrrdini; oni', u <;ravrl ioiii|Mwitioii. Froni itation :(o to Htution :)4, tlii' . iirri'nt
is ^'I'litlr; lliP water varii'i in ili'|illi Ifin srviii lo-JI fi'it. I'roiii •<lalioii :14 to 40 tlir nirri'iit is
-mootliand mtv stronir, ii* indiiNiIrd .n llir plan. Hclwi'i-n -lation 4H and ••tiili'in Hi, cvi^t tin;
irooki'il nipiiU; in tlif rapid?!, and iiIiom' tlieiii, I altcmplcd to taki- sotimlinjrs, lial loiild not mio-
i'<"il -.villi r.in li aiTiirary »» ini^lit lie imliiMitrd on my plan; I, Imwovcr, took a (i'w Mimiilins^s in
i:'m\i'i!r down. From Hiatioii 4fl to .1(1 rxisln a very stroni; ciirri'tif, wliiidi it wiis impossil.l.' (iir iiiu
•.jsoaiit.'. From station .ill to station 00, rxisN llir Ci'dar ra|iiiU ; and from station llo lo .station 1)11,
I ' niiiw a very smootli and rapid iiirroiit. Ilitwivn filulions 91) and 110 I was able to take -i few

•..uli'lii.,'!', as' indii'aled on the plan. Fi i stiition 110 to 138 exist that series of unnavi|riibl(!

ojiliTH known as the Cnscadu rapids. Sliitioii lal is at the head of Lake St. Jxiuis, where I liiimd
i. L'o"d harbour, and alMiiulaiit water.

Tit waters on the south shore of the lliver St. Lnwrenee, between the two lakes, are extriiucly
inii'(|iiiil, and III my hiimhli' opinion, uiinavliialde. There are only two bodlea of water between
the I'xlreino points of the survey, that eoiildbe used for the purposes of naviiration. They will !)(•
lo.iiid indirated on thejilan.

Ilv iii\ iiistriH'lions I was directed to take levels between portions of imvifrablc waters, mid had
it iK'en in my power I should have done so; but in consequence of the advanced season, and the
absoluli' refusal of my men to continue their eiii;a};ements, F was compelled to limit myself to the
siiii'le level indicated on the pliin; it will be found laid ilnwii in feet. From station 30 tu
station 1!)1. it will be necessary to take the levels by land, a* the waters between those point*
are unnavifjable.

I beg leave to say, that the survey was executed with great care, and that in point of accuracy
the jilan may be depended on.

I have, &c.

.Tiihu Jones, Esq. (^ignt'il) Jlenri/ G. Thompitoti.

Chainiinn, &c.

— No. 3!)

Ll'JTTER froiu the Receiver-General to the Cashier of the City Bank of MorUreat, respecting a
Loan of 20,000 1, for Public Improvements on the River St. Lawrence.

Sir, Montreal, 14 June \iH-i.

It liaving been communicated to the (iovernment that your bank would be disposed to afford
accommodation, by way of loan, to carry on the public works in the province, until arrangements
arc completed in England to realise the money granted by the Legislature at its last session, to the
extent of 20,000 /., I u;u desired and authorised to inform vou, that your assistance will bi; clicer-
fiiUy accepted. This loan is required exclusively for public improvements, and will be exjjended
on the same, under the Board of Works; and as the Board will draw on me by warrant, I will
'j;lve cheques to the respective parties on yimr bank ; consequently, such monies as I may jiass my
promissory note, at three montiis after date, will be placed to my credit.

The prcmiissory notes will be redeemed by either drafts on England, or by payment in Montrca?.

I liave, &c.
(signed) John II. Dunn,

Receiver-General.

'*a!,

p. S. — Drafts drawn on you on iii\
by Thomas Cary, my clerks, will be a-

To C. H. Castle, Esq.
Cashier of the City Bank, Montreal.

Iicceiver-Gcneral's Office,
8 October 1842.

signed by Bernard Turquard, and countersigned
j;ned by myself.

(A true copy.)

(signed) S. Ttirqttand,

Chief Clerk.

It'

I'lMLlC WORKS (CANADA).

lit

— Nil. 34. —

(Copy)

I.ETTril from ll.r fiwliii-r of the City B^-ik of Montrral to lli ■ R.<< ivt r-v'> nrrn!. in reply.

City Hunk, Mffitnal, HI Jiir.i' l-<44.
iiK I'onu' ici Willi yon, tor iIh' [inr|»»<- of curninn into i xroution
III CoiiiK'il, |iif«i'il on Mohdiiy tin I till innlillit. iiutliorj^i { > '■
ritir<l in llii" "iii'l orilir, 1 Iiiim) iI"' "I'i; |iIhiii1 t.i yonnr li'l .n
i'HiiiiU ciirnufy ( l'>,oo(i /. , ami li. rilix nnilrrluki' tlint ii ''• itK-i*
-. \tv |(liiciil lit your <li»|K>-al oi. ilif l^t Aiiu'ii-l lujt.
v«mr triin-iiiiitint; to iiic, ul \<>ut .-rtrln"«l •'■<»%■ ..i^i.T.
- letter, lojretlK r witli y our n'l.ir t,,r lii.noii/, |iiv i ilc wi«!i
.(I'liii yon niiiy prefr. In liir inrantinie,
I liavc, &!-.
(»i^llo«l) C. II. (.'iiiillf, Ca-liit r.

/'. S.— \ -liall, M you il( -ire. honour dnifu drawn on your account, sipiuHl hv Brrimnl Tiir-
iliKwid, unil i'(iuiiler*i«.;ni'il )>y 'Mionia« Cary.

Ilonoiii'iilile .loliii II. Dnnii. l-'Hiiuin.
Keeciier-iii'iienil, Kiiiir«ton.

(A true eojiy.)

(sinned) li. Tiirijuiiiiil,
Riseiver-Ut'licnirK Office, Chit f Clerk.

8 Uctoltvr l»*'J.

Sir.

In imr-innnep of the iiiidcr»i.<i
Ml oriler of llie <to\ernor-|{en. r;
m pfffit a loin liir llie |iiirii"
riii« liank iIk' -uni ••(U n ''
-iini of lo.ooii/. .Ii;dl,

I nliall llieretiirc f<.
•i'kno»l>'di;nient »f lli'
iiittrf^l, .it lUeli turn' n i

COPY of the Fourth He|)orl of the Standiii}; I'oniiuittee of the Houne
CiiiKitla, on Roads and I'nMii Iin|)rovenientH.

I .V'^^einlilv of Loinr

TiiH. Siaiidiiii; Committee of your llonounilile llnase, on roads and ]iulili<' improviini iit?, pur-
suant to tlieir order of reference, proceeded to tile i xainination of the Heiiort of tlii> criiMinis>iiiniTs
nnined under, and in virtue of an Act passed diirint; the la-t se«>iiiii of tlic pnnineiul I'arliaincnl,
inlitidod, " An Act for Iinproviiitr the Internal N:ivi'^f«tic)n .it this Province," to eau-e plans to ho
made, and levels to he taken, for tin' pur|Kise of ascerlainini; whether it is |>riiclieahh' lo ini|)rovi;
the naviijatioii of the Hiver M. Lawrciici . for stcam-hoats or other vcssi'ls, lietwien Larliii.e and
the liiK' "lii'h sopanitcs this province from the province of I'ppir t'aii. ila, with the acconijianylnir
plans, estiiiiiites, and documents, and linve the honour to report n- follows : —

The nencral ndvantages to arise from thi' improvement of the niivij;ation of lire St. Ijuvn me,
U'tween the Ciiseades and Lake St. Fniiicis, were fully uiider^lood hy the Imu'^c w hen tie y pas-ed
the aforesaid Act, under the authority whereof the aliove-meiilioned commissioners were named,
and have acted.

The ohjeefs of that Act have, in t)ie opinion of your committee, Im'cu telly accomplished liy the
enlit;htoncd zeul of the eomriiissioncrs; and your committee ciinnot, in justice, withliold the I'xpres-
sion of their iinipiulified approhation of the ahle and judicious proceedin^cs i nd reecmmendations
of Mr. Mills, the civil enp;inecr, selected hy the ('oinmissioners to examine the site of the pro;io«ed
improveiiicnts, and to make the requisite estimates.

It appears, however, not to have liecn in their power to ascertain what would he tin' |iicil)ahle
amount of the indemnity to hei'omc duo to the individuals throu<;h whose lands jiortions of the
canal mifjlit he cut. From information taken li'>forc your committee, and hereunto siihjoincd, the
probuhle amount of such indemnity will not exceed from 40ii/. to 'Mi)l.

By the report of Mr. Mills, three different routes) are traced and estimated (iir enrrviiiff into
effect the improvement of the navi{;ation of the St. Lawrence, between Luchinc and the line -epa-
rating this province from ITpper Caiiada.

That which Mr. Mills recommonds, your committee con<-urs witii iiim, and with the commis-
sioners, in also rccomniendiiif;. This route follows the River St. L;iw ri ncu it.seli; and I'onnecis the
line of channel, hy intenuediatc cnimls, at the impracticahlo [loints. Accordinj; to ihis plan, the
whole lensith of improvement, as stated, would comprehend a distance of 14 miles and ■'A chains,
of which 7 miles and (U chains hy the river, and six miles and soven-eijihths hy canal. This dis-
tance hears a descent of 82, 43-100 li'ct, of which 9, 47-100 feet are overcome in the river, and
~i, Oii-100 feet are distributed between new lucks of various lifts. The whole is estimated at the
cost of 2.'lj,78i;/. ;}.«. 2 J(Z. currency, exclusive of the sums lo he paid for indeninifviiif; proprietors
of lands through whose lands the canal would pass, and which, as above-mentioned, may he esti-
mated at the additional sum of from 400/. to ooo/.

Your committee recomnieiul that this sum, nmounfin;; toi;etIier to about 240,000/., should be
raised hy loan, «])on the public credit of the province, at so low a rate of interest as the same can
be obtained.

The present productive value of the existing; canal stock belonj^int; to the province, in the
Ladiine Canal, as well as the ratio of its past increase, will be seen bv the fullowinj; fable — ,nVc
Table (A.) . r.

The province is in like manner possessed of other canal stock in the Chambly Canal, now in
progress, and nearly completed. The cost of this last canal may be estimated at aho.e :'iO,uoo/.
currency, and neither the one nor the other stock is charged with any debt.

Besides these funds, there can be little doubt that the now proposed canal w ill, even in the first
year of its going into operation, pay the full amount of the interest of the sum wliich it will cost,
without imposing any tolls hurthensome upon the trade and imvigution of the river.

Insufficient as are the present locks at the Cotcan du Lac and at the Cascades, ihc revenue
derived from tlicui is by no means inconsiderable, and is annually increasing, a^ will appear from the

595-

z 3

follov

IMAGE EVALUATION
TEST TARGET (MT-3)

1.0

I.I

1.25

■^ Im ill 2.2

L" m ""'^

:!: 1^ IIIII2.0

UUl.

U 11,6

^^>
'^.^'*
■^

Photographic

Sciences

Corporation

23 WEST ATAIN STREET

WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580

(716)872-4503

1 89

PAPKRS Itll.ATINf; TO

fiilli.wiiii: Tiil>)i', miiili' n|> from ll<-tiini« trurminillcil t.i tlir Iiuikc dv liin Exct'Ilenev the OoTcmor-

iii.<l,i,('.— .S,Y T;il.l. (H )

Ti> till* rliar|,'r in tlic lii'l «<'a».oii {>( • - -

Ari- I.. Ill lirlilill lllr I .irtllL"' I'V l.lllll, llflliMIIllIlltr •" iil'iivi

Tiiwiiiic 1(1 Diirliniii IxiBtH nnd •>iiltr;iux liniiN, liv ln)r»i.'s
T<jwii;;c by sUwrn-bonta from lisrliiiio tn ( 'miirndi'*

Miikin-/ u Total nf - - .

Il muy hi- pr(i|«r to lulil. llint llir pro|M)«ril improvementt) will not in tln'ir progress intcrfpro
ritli till' line nt'uiitor i-oniiiiiiniciifinn iis mnv ii«i-(l.
All wliii 11 i> iiiviTtli<'lt'>A liunililv siilmiitti'd.

£. ». (1.
, :i,0H.i 1,-,

.-),4O0 - -

a.r.io - -

1,700 - -

i:),o7.i 1.1 II

10 Pcbruary H34.

(signed)

.niherr i^tuart, Clmirman.

(A.)
\. O W i; U V A N A D A.

STATEMENT of the Gross wd Net Anm al Rfvkmi.s nftlif I^iiks iii llw Cnfcniler, Split Rnrh,nm\ Cotenu dii Lire,

-iiHT llir Ycur IHI "i.

(jros^ I!e>enup,
Currency.

1 Ucpnir*
' and Ex|)rii>e>,
llalitax

CuiIClK \.

\rt lU'ventir,

ilalifm

Cuirciic}-.

liAlTi:.

MX, 1)1 1!1I.\M

IIO.MS,

SKlFi>

, AM) CA.NOI-.!!

Yew.

C.\srAl)t

SI'Lir ROCK.

COIEAU m

LAC.

llal.

tt.':IUX.

Durham
lioais.

skin;

ami
Canoes.

Ital-

U-UIIX.

Durham
lluats.

and
Cannes.

Hal-
tcaux.

Durham
lloals.

Sk:rt-

nnil

CatuHi.s.

£. .«. ,/.

£. .1.

,1.

£. .1. d.

iHKt

n7;i .") -

;in7 n

■ J

oO.J 10 7

225

254

994

130

IHI7

744 .-) -

;)oo 1

444 3 11

835

208

IHIN

1,(!J4 17 (i

JilUi .-)

1,288 14 -

03!)

337

042

339

049

311

IMI!)

i,->i;! i, -

340 1.1

1,100 11 10

55!)

338

502

302

508

301

IH-JO

1,h:i,j Id -

4-Jil 11

1,403 18 !)

430

5(iO

43U

500

427

450

IM-.'l

I,(!.>4 1.-, -

470 1

1,178 13 10

330

517

343

452

357

442

Ih--':.'

1, .■).•,« 10 -

iVi:l 3

-},

1,03.-. 11. J

370

437

388

470

385

407

iNJil

1,U-JH - -

o;i;i I-.'

0U4 7 8

378

35 1

378

374

377

317

;t<^i

l,2.=>4 - -

.jj7 10

Oi)(i 3

441)

245

450

2.54

457

292

IH-J.j

873 -J 4

IHM

1,007 17 (!

1,421 -

u>i

400 ! 11 j

102

308

193

342

107

313

I.S-J7

■J,-j:lo ."> -

S81 18

1,348 G

240

004

9.52

523

254

497

■">

l.H-JS

•J.OKil 17 (i

07!) 11

•i'l

1,5 III G Hi

3!)0

403

408

440

403

.358

1H-J!I

1,-J7;i IJ I!

2.j3 10

i,oiu 17 a

is;m

■.',((•.'■ 17 (i

777 1!)

1,84!) 17 10

712

030

0!)

712

530

712

530

im;ii

■J,4I7 10 -

341

2,100 3 7

837

371

8.37

371

837

371

im;i-.>

•i,;)4.i 5 -

i)32 3

113

1,030 1 -\

'!12

451

792

451

817

451

is;!;)

:i,oii;i i.j li

875 15

2,218 - -J

803

012

803

012

804

012

B.)

STATEMENT of flie Aknial Revenpk of the Laehine Canal since the Year 1827.

.Amount of Tolls

Amount paid

Expenses of

YKARS.

to the

Manauemcnt, Repairs,

REMARKS.

collected.

Keceiver-general.

tstc.

£. H. d.

£. it. d.

£. g. A

1827 -

3,051

1,039 3 10

1,412 2 8

1828 -

195 - -

1820 -

2,025 18 8

1,257 2 10

1,008 15 10

18.30 -

5,313 1 2

2,000 - -

2,813 1 2

1831 .

0,032 18 4 ^

4,001 13 H

1,941 4 6}

1832 .

5,820 16 11

4,432 S 10

1,304 7 1

1833 -

7,1.54 4 -i

5,237 14 a J

1,010 10

Itt

PUBLIC WOUKS (CANADA).

'8j

M 1 N i: T E S OF E V 1 I) E N C E.

intorforr

irman.

'Jotcaii du Lnr,

\N()i;!>.

\V W LAC.

)iirhani
lloits.

130
311

SkiH.
.inii

301

4.M!

44'J

407

•>

317

■29-2

313

497

■"i

3jS

630

61*

371

4)1

in-2

1.-.

RkadII
r(Teiv<

3foniltiy, l»lh Ffliruary 1H34.

AxnHKw Stiart, l><(iiirf, in itif Cliiiir.

11) till" oriicr of rcCiTi-nrc, nlaiirnr to tlic .'ii'«»;ii;r of liii Etrelli'tirv lli« Oovprnor-in-rliii>f,
rfTcivcd on SatiinlHV last, anil tlic Rc|ii)rl of the rotnnii-sioiiiT- a|i|iointr(l iimlrr tin- Act ■
the Internal Inijirovenu'iit of llie Navigation of this Province, with tlio Bc<'onil)unyiiig iloi.'uuifiiw
ami plans.

Charlm Arcltambvimlt, Esfjtiire, MpniI)or of llio f'oinmitti'i', ":i» ExnmirHMl as follows: —

Have you any and wlial incaiH of Iitinniiii^ acipiuiMlid »:tli llic routi' of canal rocoinnicnili'd hv
tlif coniinissioncrs nanicil utiilcr tlir Ait 3 \ViIl. l, c. 0, in tlicir Rcjiort laid la-fon- the .AsiM'inlily
in thf present session, and ri'terrcd to this eoniniillee ? — I have been lonj; ai'i|ii:iinle(l with the
loi-ality alont; the Cedars, from Lake St. l.oiii« lo Laki' .St. I'rnneis. I have (ri-fiuently ilesrended
the nipids in that part of the provinci'. It i» llie luiiir liy whieh i~ hroiij^hl d.'Hii iie.irly all (In-
produfO of those parts of I'pjier Canada and the I'niled States Iiorderin^ on the ditierent lakes.
They dweend thos*- raj)ids in Durham hoals, drawinu ;dioiit three feet and u half ol' water, conducted
hy expi'rien<'ed pilots. It is also liy this roiili' lliat nearly all the nierehundise that is .sent up to
the places hist arMHc imutioiu'd is (cmveycd. Tiie men hiiiiS ~n(Vir i;ii'at dittieidtics, losses, and
chdays in these rapids, liecause they are under the nei c-sity of nnloadiiiir (except at •the military
cuimls) a ;;reat part of their i-ar;;()cs, and have it imney 'd iiy land, at a i,ireat <'xpeiise. They ure,
moreover, ohlijrpd at different places to cau.se the liatleaux so nidoadi il to Ih' towed up hy
from ei-^ht to ten horse- ; and it hiippeii- fre(|Uently that l>otli tlii' Imtteau.x ami tlie eari;o are losl
in those rajiids.

What is the pr<>«ent amount of the tran-port lietwien I/ichine ami tin proviiiei' line, on the
route lui now Uhed, anil what may he the ex|M'nse of such transport; — 1 cannot exactly state the
nuuiIxT of ton.s of different etfect.s imported aial exported hy that route ; hut I can eertity that it u
the oidy route made use of at presi nf tor tlie trade of Upper Canada and tlie United 8tute8 l)or-
derini; on the lakes.

Wliat, in your o|)iHioii, would he the I'ih'ct ut openiiifx the projected line of canal .' — The canals
recommended by the commissioners would be of the utmost udvaiitage for both provinces, and for
our nciglihonrs that luive settled alonjj the lakes, aiul a threat source of economy for all.

What mij^lit he the probable cost of indemnifyiufr imiividuals through whose luiuls it would puts ?
— The route of the canal reeomniended by the commissioners will fjencrally pass through Ihobu
parts already purchased, tuid paid tin- by the eoiiimi-sioi;ers appointed under the Act 1 Will. 4,
e. 21, and wliat will have to be purchased eaiiiiot ( ost more than about 4im)/. or .'lOO/.

Do you see any and what ohstaelcs to the route reci mi'iended by the aforesaid eoinini.ssioners?
— Being well acciuainlcd with the locality, and haviiig 'laiil great attention to the line drawn on
the plan, and by which the canals must pass, I see no obstacle ; on the contrary, I siiicrerely believe
that it is the most convenient, the cheapest, and most expeditious route that can be chosen for con-
veying any kind of eft'eets or merchauditte.

Paul Timvtite Majumt, Esfi., a Mendier of the ?iousc, appeared before the Committee, and the
Evidence of Charles Arehandjcault, Esq., having been read lo him, he approved the same in all
its contents, and added the following to thi' answer to the second ([uestion: —

To the best of my knowledge, the (piaiifily of t. iis that are conveyed up to those parts was, in
1833, 20,000, and fiO,000 were taken down the same year. Eroni the Cascades to the Coteau du
Lac, or Lake St. Francis, the following sums were paid for conveyance, viz.: —

For land-carriage, about ----..-
Towage of boats and buttfaux by horses . . . .
Tolls paid at the locks at tiie Cascades, &c. ...

Towage from Lachine to the Cascades, by steam-boat, about

.Amount paid iu 1833, from Lachine to Lake St. Franc'is ■

.1.

2,400 - -

3,")00 - -

.•!,01I3 10 (!

1,700 - -

10,003 Ij

KS.

— No. 30.—

(No. 129.)

Copy oC u DESPATCH from the Right honourable' Sir Charles Bagot, Bart., cen-
to Lord A'/a/z/cj/.

My Lord, Cioveriiiiicnt Hou.sc, Kingston, '2'^ I'Vhrimry 184^.

I HAV1-; tlio honour to acknowledgo tlio ivccijit of your LordsliipV deHpiitohcs,

(No!s. 308 and 309, in dui)lirate), bearing date tlio 30th Doconibcr 1842 and 3d Pages luj, loa.
January 1843, announcing tiie Queen's assent to tlie Act jiasHed in last MJtision by

59.) • z 4 the

No. 30.

'Vspatch imni
;Sir C. I'-^ji to
Lord Sti nley,
23 I'ehruary 1843.

1•^

184

I'APKHs hklatim; to

,rh: t

i-:.

No. ;}i.
Dc»|>iitcti from
Sir C. Uagot to
Lord Stanley,
•J4 I'cltiuary 1843.

tin- rnnmlinii Ijppislntun-. )br luitlmriziinr flic rii'lii;; of ii lonn of I.SCKMHM)/. in
Enjjliiiid for the |iiir|Mi«i«' of cxiriitiii;,' ••••rtiiin piililic works In tin- |iroviih(<, iind
xtiitin^ tin- stops uliicli Hi-r MiiJcsty'H (Jijvcmiiu'iit Imvc taken tliorfH|M»n to carry
out tli<> olijtM-tH wliirli I Imvc liiul in view in tlic -cvcral (•omniiinicatinnH that I
liavc had uitli voin- LonNliip njion tills Mil>i<'ct.

I feci ninr-li satiHfaction, in which my Coiiiicil |(artii'i|iatcs, at ilic terms which
have Iwcn ohtaiiicd for the portion of this loan, which has already been offered to
pnhlic competition, as they indicate very clearly the confidence which is felt in the
British stfM'k market with rejjard to the future i)ro;^css of tliis ])rovince in pro-
Hperity and wealth, and cannot fail to have an important and inini^'diate intliience
iifton itH financial credit.

\o effort will lie spared liy this (ioveriiment to maintain this position, and the
reconimendation <>f your Jiordship with re;rard to the pnnctiial jiayment of the
intcn-st will Im- -,i icily attended to. For this piir|M)se I have to recjuest that
your liord«<hip will infonn me to wliom the interest is to Ik? remitted, and tlie e.xnet
|K'rio<i at which it will Ih-come jiayahle.

I ftdly appreciate the objection set forth in your Ijordship's despatcli (No. 308), to
making the delK-ntiires redeemal)le at an earlier period than '20 years ; Imt 1 con-
sidered it advisable to mention thesii^'jjestion, as the ol)jection had not l)een found
to prevail on former <(ccasions. when smaller sums have been niised, under circunt-
stances, it is true, less favcHirable to the credit of the province and to the chance
of its bein;!: able to avail itself of tlie |)roposed power of redemption bef()re the
fiirthest )»eriod named in the delR-ntures.

The rate of commission demanded by the IJank of England appears reasonable.
It will Ik- did\ defrayed at the same ju'riods as the interest, and all expenses
attending' the prepanition of tlu- l)onds will be with propriety paid out of the i)ro-
ceods of the loan, as sujrjjested l)y your Lordship.

With roffurd to the amount of sinking fund to be set apart for the repay-
ment of the loan, 1 have not been able to address your Lordship upon it as soon as
I expecteil, in consequence of the necessity of awaiting the preparation of the
accounts of revenue and exj)enditure for the past yetir, which might afford some
evidence of the o|H'ration of tho changes nunle in the Canadiiin customs duties in
1841, and of the jirobable surplus to be devoted to a sinking fund.

I am not yet able to supply this info on. ;lio .iccounts not having been

closed, and the absence of the Inspector t 1, in attendance upon the Court of

Appeals at Toronto, offers another difficulty .i, the present moment to my sending
your Lordship a satisfactory mem. midum upon the subject; but I have no hesita-
tion in undertaking that a sum of it least five per cent, shall annually be set apart
by the province for the joint purpose of paying the interest, and creating a sinking
fund t. wards the rcdemjttiou of this dobf .

I have, &c.
'■ (signed) Charles Bagot.

No. 31.—

(No- 33-)

Copy of a DESPATCH from the Right honourable Sir Charku Bagot, Bart., g.c. b.,

to Lord Stanley.

Government House, Kingston,
My Lord, , 24 February 1843.

\\'\x\\ the view of furnishing the Lords Conmiissioners of Her Majesty's
'J'icasury with the earliest intimation of the amount which will be required (luring
the [ircsent yetir for the prosecution of the jiublic works to bo provided for out
i;f the proceeds of the Canadian Loan Act, I have the honour herewith to transmit
a coj)y of a connnunication from the Receiver-General, accompanying an estimate
prepared by the Board of Works, of the sum which will be required during each
quarter of the year 1843.

The

?o5

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

1S5

TIm' ajrj»rppnti' in la'fTP; but tin- n-asons ixiiiitcil out l>y tlio Clmirmnn of the
IJonnl i)f' Works for vt«\ufi tlic titnmst dilipi'iK''' •" pu'^liiiiu' forwnnl tlif works at
a M'liMin so i'lvoumMc to tlifir «'conoiMitiil coiistnicfioii ; iuhI tin- c-<.ii>iili ration
that ihi' n-vciiiic to he dcrivrd h\ tolls on thtsr work- «ill, in sonit- iiistancts,
roniiiii'iioc only with tlitir imlivjiinal roniiilitiou. and. in all. will !)»• j;r>atly
aiijjintntcd liv the coniiilftion ot* tin- whole, will, I tnist. he suftifient to justify
the |iro|niseil expeniliture. and to secure your lior<lshi|>'s apiirolmtioii of the
activity inteiideil to he exertotl in tills service during the present year.

I sliotild adil. upon this topic, that the savin;^ up<tn the contracts made dnrinjj
1H4;}, in ronse(|uence of the circumstances pointed out by Mr. Killaly, will far
ixci'ed any pain that is likely to arise in ileferriiij; the tu'potiation of this portion
of the loan in Knpland.

As it appears from the Receiver-jroiieral's letter, that a balnnoe of 8C.37;J/.
1 9, s. (!rf. remains undrawn out of the sum already raised, from which must be
deducted the expenses attending the ])reparation of tin- lioiids, there remains to
be borrowt'd to meet the service of 1H43, aliout 47(),O0<) /., whicli I request that
vour Lordshij) will move the Lords of the Treasury to raise, in such sums, and at
Bueh times, as ^lay appear to th'jir Lordships most advantageous to the pntvinco.

I have, &c.,
(si^cd) Charles Bagot.

Enclosure in No. 81.

Receiver-Ronprul's Office, Kingston,
Sir, 22 February 184.1.

I HAV the honour to transmit to you, in order that you may lay tlie same before his
Exi'eileni-y tiie G( vernor-pencral, and for Iransuiission to Knuhind for the guidance of the
Hipht honourable the Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury, a copy of a letter
dated the 20th instant, together with the accompany in<; statement from the Oiiairman of
the Hoard of Works, bciiij^ an estimate of the sinn of money which will be required to lie
provided during the year 1(*43. You will please to observe that the total amount of the
estimate is .5.i.'>,2nu/. There remains o( the Uoo,non/. at present raised in England a
balance undrawn for of 80,;i7il/. 1!>«. Od., which deducted from the above sum, there will
remain to be raised for the year 1843, 468,B2ii/. 0<. nd. To make an even sum, I should
Bugifest that t'lc amount to be at present raised be 470,000/., should it be found that the
state of the money market in Knfrland is advantageous for the sale of so large a sum at one
time ; and if not, the Right honourable the Lords of the Treasury will be able to form the
best opinion on this point ; but it must be understo<>d that means must be provided to
meet the engagements entered into by the Board of Works with the contractors agreeable
to the estimate. I need not state to you the embarrassments that would occur to this
(iovernment if any difficulty or delay should take place in meeting the demands ol the
Board of Works.

1 have, &c.

It. W. Rawson, Esq., (signed) J. W, Dunn, R. G.

&c. &c. &.C.

l^ncl. in No. 31.

Sir. Board of Works, Kingston, 20 Febniary 184.1.

1 N obedience to the Order in Council, I have the honour herewith to submit' for your
guidance as close an approximating estimate as is (wssibU of the sum which wdl be required
this year to meet the payments on the various works noi'. in progress, under the Appropri-
ation Act of last year.

The execution of the works being carried on entirely by contract, the rate of expenditure
of course in some measure rests with the contractors; but as the season is particularly
favourable for the extensive procuration and delivery of materials, and from the present rate
of wages and uncommonly low prices of provisions, it is so much the interest of the con-
tractors and the public that the utmost energy should be exerted in driving on the works.
1 have little doubt of the full sum which 1 have named b<>ing required to meet the deuiands.

I have, etc.

(True copy.')
John

(signed^ Hamilton H. Killaly,

Chairman Board of Works.

W. Dunn, R. fi.

The

595-

A A

Alt

isn

I'APKUS UKLATINC; TO

• f

Ak Approximalt Estimati of the Sum n'rjiiirniror ihe Vt-ar 1843 for ihe i>ublic Workt at prcKnt
in prngrem, under the direction of the Board of Works, and by authority of the Appropriation Act,
4 & 5 Vict. c. a8.

Required to - - - -

1 July.

1 October.

1 January

Total.

£.

St Lawrence Canal, vii. . . Cornwall • -

3,000

- •

9,000

l>rr8colt - •

5,otxi

5,000

15,000

llc-auhamoii •

35,000

30,000

35,000

80,000

Lachine - •

15,000

•7.500

17.500

50,000

St. Ann't Rapidi

1,800

■

1,800

Welland Canal ... - -

40,000

130,000

Butlinition Bay Canal . . . • -

6,000

7,oco

7,000

30,000

Lake St. Peter

6,000

7,000

80,000

Rondeau Harbour

3,000

3, coo

6,000

Port .Stanlrv Harbour . - . - .

4,000

4,Coo

4,000

13,600

Calfiiih Harbour ......

1,500

3,000

1.500

5,000

Burwell Harbour ......

1,500

3,000

1,500

5,000

Dover Harbour ...-.-

3,000

1,500

5,000

Windnor Harbour .....

3.000

9,500

3,500

8,000

Coburg 1 larlH>ur

3,000

1,000

5,000

IJght Hnuset ......

1,300

Newcastle Difctrict .....

8,000

9,000

8,000

95,000

River Richelieu ......

3,500

3.000

3,500

8,000

River Ottawa ......

C,ooo

6,000

18,000

l.ondon, Chatham and Anherstburgh Road .

5,000

5.000

15,000

London and Sarnia ....,-

3.500

4,000

3.500

11,000

London nnd Krantford .--,>-

10,000

30,000

Lindon and Port Stanley - - » -

5,000

5.000

5,000

15,000

Cascadd „

3.500

3,000

10,000

Miiriii North Toronto • • • „

3,000

3.500

10,000

(losford ■-•-•»-

3,500

3,000

4.500

Ray of Chalcurt ......

4,coo

4,000

13,000

Hamilton and Dover •...,•

7,000

6,000

30,000

Uridgct between Montreal and Quebec .

7,000

6,000

30,000

T0T.4L • - £.

185,100

l<)3,100

178,000

555.''00

No. 32.

Extract Despatch
from Sir C. Ragot
to Lord Stanley,
34 February 1843.

Page 108.

— No. 32. —
(No. 34.)

Extract of a DESPATCH from the Right honourable Sir Charles Bagot, Bart.,
G.C.B., to Lord Stanley, dated Government House, Kingston, 24 February 1843.

I AM gratified by learning from your Lordship's despatch of the 14th January,
No. 312, that the progress which was made in the public works during the past
year, and the selection of the works for immediate commencement, as reported in
my despatch of the 11th December, No. 244, have given satisfaction to your
Lordship.

1 have now the honour to enclose a statement of the works for which appro-
priations were made under the Act directing the application of the recent loan of
1,500,000/., to which is appended in each case a brief notice of the progress which
has been made in each work, and of the date at which it may be expected that
most of them will be completed.

Enclosure

-tlC

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

187

Enclosure in No. 32.

Statkment of the PrBl-ir Worksi at present iii progresn under the direction of the Boanl End. in No. 3«.
of \V(>rk», uml by iiuthonty ot ih- Ajiiiropriuiiim Act, I & .> Vict. c. iH.

St. Lawrence
Canul.

St. Ann's - -

riirnwnl! . - - Opened to the trade in r>erenil)er lu.it.
Preseott - . - Advertisi'iiieiits tor materiaU ready.

Ueunliurnois - - (Vmsideralde prc'^rrss nmde in the jjriK-nrntion of ninte-
' rials, and about four miles of canal excavat«>d ; the

entire wdl he oiH'Ued for nKvijjation next scaiMtn.
Lacliine - - - Widening and enlargement thereof now Ihuii; proceeded
with.

Will he ready for the trade on the opening of the nuvi-

(ration.

Welland The works of enlargement, and re-con.struction of the

lock 1 rapidly advancini;.
Burlington Bay --.--- The old work put in such a state of repair as to stand

until the new work will l)e ready ; the railway for the
delivery of the material is nearly completed.
Lake St. Peter -.-.-- The several dredge and steam-vessels and s<-ow-tenders

ready for work on the op-nin;; of the wason.
Rondeau Harbour - . - - . Materials atlvertised for, and the work will be completed

in 11)44.
Port Stanley ------- Considerable progress made in the work, which will be

completed in 1843.
„ Catfish ------- Materials advertised for, and the work will be completed

in 1844.
„ Biirwell ------ Materials advertised for, and the work will be completed

in 1844.
„ Dover ------- Materials advertised for, and t>.2 work will be completed

in 184.1.
„ Windsor ------ Contracts made, and materials being delivered, the work

will be completed in 1844.
„ Cobourg ------ Contracts made, and materials being delivered, the work

will be completed in 1B43.
Light-houses ------ Floating light for Long-point built, and the fixed Light-
house for the same is in course of construction. Gull
Island and Presqu'ile Light-houses repaired, and ten
new li<;hts below Montreal erected.
Newcastle District Improvements Progressm^ rapidly, and will be completed in 1844.
Uiver Richelieu ..---. The Chambly Canal being now finished, the works at St.

Ours on the Richelieu will be commenced forthwith.
River Ottawa ------ The contracts for the bridges made, and the work pro-
gressing, the other unprovemenls will be commenced
as soon as the season wdl permit.

London, Chatham <ind Amherst-'l rn ■ - - j -n 1 1 > j ■ -.oj^

,U. .._.. .fThe work ism progress, and will be completed m 1844.

London and Samia - -Roads - - - ditto - - - - ditto - - . - 1843.
London and Brantford - „ - - - - ditto - - - . ditto - - - - 1844.
London and Stanley -»---- ditto - - - - ditto - - - - 1844.
Cascades -----„---- ditto - . - - ditto - - - - 1844.
Main Northern ---„'- ^^^ yet commenced, but the advertisements have issued

for the contracts.
Gosford -----„-- Will be completed this season.
Bay of Chaleurs --„---- ditto.
Hamilton and Dover - „ - - Will be completed in 1844.

Bridges between Montreal and't Materials delivered, and the works will be completed ne.xt
Quebec ------ -J season.

General Observations. — The entire of the foregoing works are carried on by contract, and
from the present low rates paid for provisions, &c., the several contracts have been taken ou
terms very advantt^eous to the public, and there is no doubt of the estimates being sufficient
to cover the cost of the respective works. It is highly desirable, in the opinion of the Board,
that the greatest effort be made to have the works finished simultaneously, and as soon as
possible, that the benefit of the revenue to be derived therefrom may Be had, and the
expenses of establishments got rid of.

': By order of the Board of Wovks,

rAoiiuij .#. fieg/^, Secretary.

595-

A A 2

— N0.33.-

1^*

111

I'APERS RELATING TO

, No. 33.

Lttter from Mr
Juhii Barrow tn
O. W. Hope. E«q.
4 April 1843.

— No. 33. —
Copy of a LETTER from Sir John Barrow to G. W. Ilopt, Ewj.

Sir, Admiralty, 4 April 1843.

I AM commandoH by my lionls Commissioners of the Admiralty to send you
herewith, for tho information of Lord Stanley, a r()[>y of 11 li-tter from Ca|itaiti
Sanflom, <late<lthe 8th of last month, (No. 18), relative to the impmvements carry-
ing on on tho lakes of Canada.

I am, ke.
(signed) J. Barrow.

Enclosure in No. 33.

5 ,t!

£acl. iu No.

33.

Vi^

(Extract.)

Sir,

Her Majesty's Ship " Niagara," Kingston,
Canada, 8 March 1643.

Toe forward movement given to improvements in this country, by the liberal guarantee
of money from the parent state, is most evident in the progress made and making in the
formation of harbours, canah, and such worits.

The late Govemor-ceneral (Lord Sydenham) formed a Board of Works, at the head of
which is placed a talented and persevering engineer, Mr. Killaly ; under this gentleman's
direction, harbours are now forming upon Lake Erie, on a good and pennunent scale, and the
essential canal communications assuming a systematic regularity which, while it promises
to be of the greatest benefit and advancement to this noble colony in mercantile and agri-
cultural pursuits, cannot fail to contribute to its naval defence in a most eminent degree.

Commencing at the Western extremity of Lake Erie, advantage is taken of an inroad of
the lake at " Point aux Pins" to form a fine harbour, which will progress to become an
entrepot, ensuring the independence of this western frontier of Canada from her adjoininnr
powerful neighbour at the Detroit Strait. Further to the eastward, Port Stanley will be
made a good and secure harbour. Improvements are in progress at Long Point Bay ; and the
Harbour of the Grand River (the colonial authorities finding it is not the intention of Her
Majesty's Home Government to expend money upon it as a naval station) is now in progress
of those improvements which (considering what nature has done) it were a disgrace not to
have made long ago.

The permanent reconstruction of the works of the VVelland Canal are being proceeded
with, upon a scale suited to the largest class sailing craft navigating Lakes Erie and Ontario.

The large St. Lawrence Canal extends 12 miles to avoid the " Great Long Sault Rapids,"
and was opened in November last.

There are three obstructions above the upper end of the St. Lawrence Canal, between it
and Prescott, viz., the " Gallopes," " Point Noquois," and " Rapid Plut ;" to surmount
which, three short canals with the necessary locks are requisite. The surveys and plans of
these works are now completed, and they will be taken in hand forthwith, so as to be opened
simultaneously (with the other improvements in the river) in the fall of next year, 1844.

The Beauharnois Canal, to avoid the Coteau, Cedar, and Cascades Rapids, is also ener-
getically advancing, and will be ready to be opened in the fall of 1844. The Lachine Canal
enlargement is also being proceeded with; but this proportion will not be ready before 1845.

The improvement of the navigatirn of Lake St. Peter will be proceeded with vigorously by
this season.

I have, &c.
(signed) William S. Sandom, Captain, R. N.

—No. 34.—

>ll

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

»»9

— No.34.—
(No. 33)
Copy of a DESPATCH from the Right lion. Sir C. T. Mekalfe, Bart., o. a b.,

to Lord Stanley.

My Lonl. Kinf?8ton, 27 May 1843.

In onior to «-xpo(lite tlii' prppamtion of tli»' dorumontt* n-Iatiiig to the puMic
TTorkH of tliis I'rovinoi', wliirli it ii* your Lonlshi])'!* intention to lay before tlie
lIoust> of ConinionH, in reply to the AiUlretw t»» which your ilespatch of the 13th
ultimo (No. 18,) relates, I have the honour to send herewith such of the informa-
tion a« is at present completed, viz.

Ist. A Return «howinjr the monies lmrrowo<l since the 1st .Tanuary 1840, by this
government for public works, the rates of inten«t to be paid, awd the arraugemeuts
made for repaying the principal and the interest.

2d. A Map of the Province of Canada, showing the position of all the public
works hitherto exectited or in the course of construction, and of the various
canals, roads and other public works refem'd to in the correspondence called for
by the House of Commons ; with a supplementary document, exhibiting the
estimates prepared for each of the works, and the amount expended, and remain-
ing to be j'xj)ended on each ; the dimensions of the locks in the canals, and such
other information as may be u.seful in illustrating the map.

I have, &c.
(signed) C.T. Metcalfe.

No. 34.
DMpatf b from Sir
C. T. M«tf«lfe,
Bitri., to Lord
Stanley.
«7 M.) 1843.

^o/w

">*.

*i>4

Enclosure 1, in No. 34.

A Return sliowinc the Monies borrowed since ^• . .:'>nunry 1940, by the Local Govern- End. 1 , in No, 34.
ment for Public Works, the Kates of Interest to lio ;»tid, and the Arrangements made
for repaying the Principal and the Interest.

In the year 1840, the sum of 26,000 1, currency, was borrowed from the chartered banks,
for the purpose of making improvements on certain roads in Upper Canada. This sum,
with the interest at the rate of six per cent., has since been repaid out of the consolidated
revenue fund. Since the abovementioned period, the only monies borrowed by the Canadian
Government, have been advances occasionally obtained from the banks, in anticipation of
the loan of 1 ,50O,00U /. then about to be raised on the guarantee of the Imperial Parliament ;
and which were expended on the public works for which that loan was raised, and have
been repaid to the banks out of the proceeds of the first instalment of the English loan,
amounting to 300,000/., which has already been drawn for by the Receiver-general.

(signed) Rawum W. RavMon, Chief Secretary.

595>

AA3

A Schedule

ll-v

I (JO

PAPI-US UKLATINf; TO

(?l

l*i

•11

t 17

535

■ •

t. 1j ti

■"■■■"

■ .

9 ;

90 X.

?.?

■» a.

•

■?

9.600

1 1 1

1 I 1

■o

^'-i^.

Jl«C^

^SS

« .

■!"«

??!.=;?

|A W Jl

•Q !■> ^n

s ■

— ■* n

« .

9SS

• '

5 o o

V 0)

2SS

§i

PUBLIC WOUKS CANADA). |0|

— No. 3:>.—

(No. 54)
Copy of a DKSPATCII fn.m tlir Uifht Unn. Sir C. T. Alticalf<\ Y\ta\., ux.t,

to Lord i>tanley.

(lovrnimoiit lIoiiM', Kiiip<tiin,
'.>!> June lh4U.

My liortl, -y jiiue i"-»o. No. -ic.

I HAVE tilt' Imiiour iHTCwitli to siiltmit tlu' rcmniniliT of flu' inforaintion DupMrh fmoi Sir

liiintl liy your Lor<lr>lii|>'H ili-fi|int<-lifH of tlic IStli April nnil 'J]ttli .Mny (Nom. \h c.t. Mnralfr.Bart.

and '21), tiu'iTcpiinition ofwiiirli Im."* In-cn unnvoidHhIy <lflay«'<l in riiiiM-4|ni>ni'o of •" '•""' ***«''l«y.

thi' almcnco <if tlif I'risiil«-nt of tlio Hoard of Works on n tour of inN|NTtion. ''' '"* ' *'"
I uIno n|iprnd, for your liordnliipV iiifonnation, a return of tin- IoIIh nri'ived

upon tlie Uideau and Ottawa Canals, furnislied by the Ordnantv Di'|iartuii-nt.

I liavo. Ace.
(HiirniMl) C. T. Mttcalfe.

fjHt of Eiu-luKurvii in No, 36.

No. 1,-
N... «.-
No. 3.-
No. 4.-
No. .5-
No. 6.-

No.7.-
No. 8.-
No. 9.-

-Extrirtii from the General Rf|Mirt of the Hon. il. II. KitUty, dated Augutt 1841 •
-Li» Chine Canal .............

-Ijike Saint Peter -•

-Extracts from vnrioui Repnrtu rpii|irrting tho BeauhatnnJR Canal, Noi. 1 to 7 inclusive
-Uapide I'l.it and (iullopvH, IIm|iuU, ihc. .......

-Latiit L»tiniate uf the co«l o( completing the Welland Canal, founded u|ion abtulule

Tenders .............

-Statemrnl of Tnllii rereivcil on the Wclland and La Chine Canals • •
-Burlington Bay Ciinul, &c. ..........

-Statement of all Money rcci-ivcd as lolls on the Kidrau and Ottawa Canals in each

of the years 1840 to 1848, both inclusive

• P'

«0>
"95

•yj

304
S05

«05

108

(No. I.)
EXTRACTS from the General Report of the Honourable //. //. Kitlaly, dated

Au^ist 1841.

" Th b necessity of involving the Province in the cost of forming a second water communi- End. 1 , in No. 35.
cation with tide-water, has been for a long time the subject of dispute and argument with
many.

" Until latterly, I was among the number of those who doubted the prudence of it ; but
the vastly increasing trade, doubling almost annually, and the conviction u|x)n my n>ind,
after mature consideration, that the lowering of freight consequent upon affording additional
facilities, togrther with the productiveness of the western countries, which is only now
coming into operation, will increase still further this trade to an almost inconceivable extent,
have convinced me that a second and more facile outlet is called for.

" Besides, the transport being confined to the Rideau, the navigation of which depends
upon the stability of dams of great height (in one case 00 feet), should any injury arise to
one of these dams (as was apprehended last spring), either through accident or malice, the
effects of it would be ruinous to half the commercial interests uf the country.

"I am decidedly of opinion, that the scale upon which the Cornwall Canal was under-
taken, is unsuited to the means of the Province, and is not absolutely necessary for the
greatest increase of trade which the most sanguine may look forward to, and that a
schooner navigation, combined with a system of tug-boats, would have answered every com-
mercial purpose ; but now, from the large expenditure already incurred upon the central
portion, the little required to complete it, and tne comparatively small saving that might be
effected upon what remains to be done, by adopting the schooner scale, I am led to con-
clude that the best and wisest course will be to open the Saint Lawrence throughout, from
Montreal to Lake Ontario, for steam-boats and schooners, not upon the full size of the
Cornwall Canal, but on a scale sufficiently large to admit a powerful class of steamers or
tug-boats to pass.

" The estimates transmitted herewith are based upon the principle of locks being adopted,
length 175 feet, breadth 40 feet, and 8 feet 6 inches depth of water; but as some time from
the present period will, under any circumstances, elapse before the actual building of locks
is commenced, the question will, in all probability, oe fully decided as to the power and
suitableness of the several modes recently pro|>osed for the propelling of vessels, and this
decision will naturally govern the dimensions uf the locks, and may senously tend to a dimi-
nution of expenditure.'

Dimensions ultimately adopted, 200 long, 45 wide.

Saint Latorawe Navigation, — From Pretcott to Dickinson't ZMnding.

" From Lake Erie to tide-water, after passing the Welland, the next portion of the route
which will require an outlay when the other improvements, more immediately called for on
the river below it are completed, is the part between Prescott and Dickinson's Landing, a
distance of about 40 miles, in which the collective falls at a few points amount to about 22}
feet ; to overcome which by the necessary locks, &c., would require about 150,000 /., but as
the down-stream carriage upon this part of the river is safe and facile, and tug-boats can

595. A A 4 (although

• 99

I'AI'liltS IU:i.ATlN(i TO

I* • '

;,l

(ulthnngh with .lifflrullv) LrinR up liuht Uru--, it i« ronM.I*-*;) ••iiii.ir«ary, m tli. pr..rnt
kttetf ol the iia\iui«ii"ii tnirnilly, to iiuur iiny ■uiluy tin ri.ni.

DriKinnl nro«» citimuK- .iiljmiiir.l Ity Mr. Killaly, l.'.l.ilu/.
Corminll ( annl.

II tllR

" The miproromcnt of thm rp«i-h of tlir Kiv.r Saint I,awn-nrr (iii Irn-.-th nhoiit 1 1 J iiiiIrO,
ml in «hi<h lli.rr i« a tall .1 Ih tr.t, »a* ••.lunaHMl al JMI.:!!;! /., «ii<l wa* rnnii.,. lu. .1 in

-111 Mi.irllv alt-r..iHraii(.ii«iuimii.ii.i(l. it \* Htalid, lliat from tlii> mrrr.-. '-

,, „C,,ro> ■'. i.iwl "tlMT caiiw. til.' .•.miiiii«M..mTH .■c.ii.MJrr.-.l tlirin».Iv.H |ii*

iiir »»•% lan'dy t.. ilic •-..ntnirt nit.-«, m hoiih- iiiHiamisat iiukIi ax :ii» |mt ..-iit.
.imre8..'.rrat.stli.-»<wkKhnv.- Iw;eii coiiliiiuetl from tliut time witlioiil r.-lc

kikI
|M.i;»-:ll.

pricm ol' jiro>i»i

adding

IIh'M"

aiiv fliKtuBtii.il 111 the prin- ofprcvi-iiond.

the accomitM rcii.l.T.<l liv tlw C..iiiiiii»^innors up to tut January l«;il), -how an ox|)ondi-
tiiri- of 3.>4 •Jd.'J /. 'i *■ I '/ '" ''•"' ''"''"• ••"H"'"'"*'" "' """"' out'.taiKliiii; chiniiB. I have had
a minute and iurrful .•»tiniati! made l)V Mr. Ki-.-fiT, dn-imiT to the Uoanl, wiliiiii the laHt
iiiniiih from which it appear* that the niim of |:i,h»17 /. is reipiired to o|H'n the canal to th.i
trade and a further sum of I.I.him /. for HUiidry .-iiiail works, I.K:k-hou«s, kv., making m all
an arnouiil of ft7,<i: 1 /. «) »• liecesnary for the full coniphtion of the entire of the Coriiwull

Althoneh the advaiitncf* to lie derived from the improvement of thin portion of the nnvipn-
tion would of nccesnity be very eirfiimmrihed, until that Ix-tween Lake St. rianeis and Lake
St, Louis was al»o jicrfected, yet in favour of the inimcdiate fiui.-hiii}; of ih.; Cornwall Canal

it may he justly uryed : .,.,., i . i .l • . . i l

" Firnt. -That it would enable the nvcr forwarders to have their barpcn towed up by
Btcam from the Coteau du Lac to Kinygton, by which a saving in time of two days

would Ih- made. oi. ni ilj'

" Secondly.— To avoid the cost of tracking up the Long Sault Rapide, which, during

the past year attendiiig this very limited trade was H.nod/.

"Thirifly.— The passenger trade would be much benefited by if.

" Fourthly. --Some return beyond the cost of maintaining the establishment of loek-

kee|)er«, 4c., would be obtained from the large suiii already expended, which, until this

canal is completed, must remain tkcaput mortuum."

Improvenifnls rei/uired between Lake St. Franrif, and Lake St. Louit.
" The Coteau, the Cedars and the Cascades Rapids, between these two lakes, present
most formidable difhcultics to the dragging up of a small barge with but 16 or 20 tons. To
vessels of any she, they are wholly insurmountable. The construction of the necessary
locks and canals, to overcome these, Mr. Keefer estimates at 255,1100/ ; and I have every
reason to believe the work can be done for that sum."

Original gross estimate submitted by Mr. Killaly - £.255,900
Detailed after-estimate furnished by the Engineer - £.248,976

La Chine Canal,
"The only remaining barrier alter the foregoing, to the free passage of lake-going vessel.i
between Quebec and Lake Huron, is the La Chine Canal; the necessary enlargement of which
would cost by Mr. Kecfer's estimate, 229,300/."

Original gross estimate submitted by Mr. Killaly - £.225,300
Detailed after-estimate furnished by the Engineer - £.208,036

Welland Canal.

" Upon this work, about 491,777/. have been expended from time to time, upon its con-
struction, and as the locks, the mosti mportant part ot the work, had been formed with perish-
able materials, the outlay upon annual repairs has been necessarily very heavy ; notwith-
standing which, the locks are now in a dangerous and ruinous state ; of this sum, about
117,800/. in stock, is held by private individuals, for the purchasing out of which, and
thereby placing the work entirely in the hands of the Province, a Bill is now before the
Parliament.

" After a very careful consideration and revisal of the several estimates furnished by
the various engmeers, the completion of this work in a permanent and fully sufficient
manner, with cut stone locks of 120 feet in length, 26 feet wide, and eight feet six inches
depth of water on the sills, together with the required weirs, waste-gates, stone aqueduct
over the Chippawa, a steam-boat lock, and a capacious and safe harbour at each of the
terminations, widening of the deep cut, widening and deepening of the feeder throughout,
I estimate at 450,000/. Of debentures authorized by alate Actof the Provincial Parliament,
to be issued for this work, about 180,000/. remain undisposed of, leaving a balance of
270,000/., to be further sanctioned and provided for the ultimate full completion ^of the
work.

" It is, no doubt, in the recollection of his Excellency, that the completion of the canal on
the full scale upon which a portion of the St. Lawrence navigation was proceeded with, has
been strongly urged upon the attention of Government. The chief arguments used being
the'bencfit of enabling Atlantic steamers, with cargoes, to proceed to the Upper Lukes,
and the advantt^e which would be obtained in time of war, from having the power of con-
centrating our naval forces upon cither lake, as may be required. The subscriber is of
opinion, that the scale referred to, viz., locks 60 feet wide, 180 feet long, and 10 feet draft
of water, is quite unsuited for sea-borne steamers, and unnecessary for those well suited to
the lajces and to the commerce of the country ; and that even if this scale were adopted, at

«uormous

7l»

PLBLIC WOHkS (CANADA).

193

rnormoiid co«l, tran»hipnirnt fmni the wa to the lake »c«itel» wuuUI,not«ith(tanilin<_',alwii>4
takiMiliiri- III t^iii'luM' iir Moiilri!iil.

" III 11 military |Hi«iit <>| tuM, nci ilutilit thi- mh-ihuI |iri>|xiSfii udvaiilu^e •voiilii Xte t:ii-at,
liiit Ixinii <|"il' Im'\iiiiiI till' iiiiMiis ot'll.c I'roviiuc, ilif mirk, iiit ii(C«»»ary tor llic Inidc nf
the riiiiiitry, liii" Ihtii uIhid' t-liiiiali'il lor.

"'Ilic liiri:i' lix'k mIiiiIi i« )ir<i|H>4ri| lit each end, would allow (in cttue of dartijer) of the
htrnnieri Ih-iiii; liriiUL,'|it up iniiiiv iiiili-'> inliiiid.

" From tliir »irv iiii>uli- und |iicriiMiMi« t>t:il<' of thf raniil, it would lie of the utiiiont con-
M'(|iieiK°i; to have tlit' worku i-otiniii'iKi'd loithuitli, il poiHililc"

Ori;;ii>dl crovM f-tiiimte *iil>iiiitt<'d hy Mr. KilUly, - - f. 4,%0,(k»0.
iJct.iili'd alter-c-liiiiale (iiriii-lird liy llii- Kiiuiiieer, - - i'. 4o,'>,uuD.

Ilitrr Iticheliru,

" I'jion tlif coniiili'tion of the worku of the C'hainbly Canal, now nipidly ailvanc iiii;, ihe
(inly iiii|M'diiiie!it4 to an iininti-rriipti'd navl'.:utioii littwi'i'ii tin- Hivcr St. I.a'wreni-e at Sorel,
nnil the head nf Luki' ('linm|ilaiii, u diHtiiiict'. of about IHO niileit, Mill Im- preiieiited hy the
fordn near .St. ••uri', St. Deiiii*, and Helu'd,

" To remove thene olistriietinim hy mean* of «!reili;ini; and ejeariii'.' the eliHiiiiel of rocks,
the LeKislatiire of Lower Canadii appropriated a kiiiii eipial to Hlioiit 7,(l.'i(» / , of nlnrh
4,.^'J■'l/. remain iiiiexiH'tidi'd. 'I he outlay incurred under thi< appropriation has etli'i'ted
nothing;, und I am o( o|illiioii, that the eiectioii of 11 .steam-hoat lock, :'i u dam of nuMlerate

heiuht, «ny four or five fei^t over low water at or near St. Ours, in the nioHt cerlaii ide ot

obtninini; the object in view, and the value of the wiiter-powcr which uoiilil be created by
the dam, in the midst of a productive country hcrctotorc without inilU, would yield a con..i-
dcrublu return towards defrayiiis; the interest on the money cvpeinled."

Original gross estimate ... • £. 'JI.OtMi.
Jiicer Ottawa,

" The improvement of the navigation of this river is n measure whicli has lieen for u lonij
time stroni,'ly ndvocute<l, principally by those intetestril in that district of country.

" The project emiiraced the full completioii of an uniiitirruptecl navigation trom the St.
Lawrence by the Ottawa, Lake Nipissing, anil F'rench Hi»cr, to l.akr IIukui. TIi,. sum of
,T,Ol)o/. was anpi'<i|iriated some time ago to defray the expenses of a survey, on which
about 1,,'iOO/. Iiiive been expended ; but the information as yet obtained is not iit all of such
a nature us to hazard an estimate of what the i-ost of tin; iiiidertakiiii; would be, iind, in my
judgment, this navif^ation is not recpiired in the present state of the conntry. In saymir ho
I would not Ix- understood to mean that obstacles ou<;ht to be opposed by theCioverninent
to the project, in case the parties interested should be iiu Imed to proceed in it upon their
own resources ; on the contrary, iirniiijremcnts might be mud.' iiiuliiully udvanta"eous to
thcni and to the interests of the Province.

" The improvement on the Ottawa, included in this estimate (.ire Ajiiiendix), relatei* solciv
to the lumber trade; to aH'ord facilities to which, by tlie contriictiun of suitable slides at
those places where thi^y arc most required, and to reconstruct the bridges at iiytown it is
proposed to appropriate the sum of 28,(l(io/.

" Durliiigtun Bay Canal.

" The dangerous and dilapidated state of this very important work renders it neressarv
tliat steps be immediately tuKen to repair, or mthcr wholly re-construct it, in a substuntial
and I ermanent manner. Such is its present ruinous condition, that it cannot he repaired
ettectually ; and a few hours of a heavy blow from the east or Buuth-east nii>rhl very
reasonably be expected to close it up altogether; the conseijuence of which would lie
most serious to the mercantile interests of Uainilton und Dundus, and to the extensive and
highly productive country of which these ports are the outlets.

" However advisable it may be for the purpose of obtaining still-water, and have the
entrance commanded from the land, to locate this work northward of the existin<' pas.su'rp
yet the placing of it so much in-shore as has been lately proposed, I consider unadvls-
able. By so doing, sail-vessels would be prevented from getting out many days durinir
the season ; and in making for it, if they did not succeed at once in •'ettin"^ in would
unavoidably be driven aground."

Original gross estimate, submitted by Mr. Killaly - £.4.5,000.
Detailed after-estimate, furnished by the Engineer - 38,.500.

" Improvement oftlie River Trent, and Inland Waters of the Newcastle District.

"The persisting in the.se works, as heretofore contemplated, would, as appears by the
original estimates, involve the Province in an expenditure of about «20,000/. ; but from the
rates upon which those estimates are based, I am of opinion that 200,000/. or 300,000/. in
addition to that sum would be required to effect the object.

"The line of this intended water communication from the Bay of Quinte to Notta-
wassaga Bay, with upwards of 8-20 feet of lockage, a proposed depth of five feet water
continued through a series of lakes and currents, and in many cases extremely circuitous
is, in my judgment, quite unsuited to the principal purpose for whicli it was originally
recommended, namely, the line by which the produce of the Western States would be sent
down to tide-water.

" The second argument advanced for its formation was. the facility it would afford for
the transport of the agiiculturul and other produce of the inland townships to market; and

595- B li thirdly,

'■■■S -l^^

104

I'APEKS |{t;LATIN(i TO

! r.

^W4

1'!^

'■\'.

ii'j.'^ .

V\ \

\i ■

thirdly, the ailvantagpti ti) Ik- rcnpod by the lttnl^l^rer^ ; tli<- two latUr, I consitlcr, ciiii lie
nbtairu'd Kiifticiiiitlv, innr." ininirdialclv, mill at iiiCmiti'lv less rost, by tin; inctKni of two
or three Iwk* to roiuicil th<- Imi^ reachf* oC iialiiial imvi-jatidii, by tlir coiistriictinn <>(' l\ui
or thfp* rrodti roacU (rom thrnrr to tlir ncnrt'st I'orls on l.akr Oiitatii), aiul tiiiiilly, by tin-
foriiiatmn of slidfs at the plai'cs wlicro tin y may be rrqiiircd.

" A farnipr or iiicichant at tlif lioad ol Iliri; Lake is within VI or 11 miles of tlie har-
bours of I'orl Hii|)e and (Jobonru, on Lake Ontario, to which he could have facile ueecss
afforded him by an outlay of abont lo.ono/. or I'J.ooo/., whereas, to get the Huine produce
tu Lake Ontario by the proposed navi^ati(jii would require a previous expenditure on it,
even accordin" to the estimate of 23i),'U7 /., and the distance to be travelled would be
about 80 miles.

" As to the liimbiT trade, I believe a very moderate sum expended on slides would eflbct
quite as much as is necessary."

Oriuinal gross estimate proposed by Mr. Killaly - - - f-.'in.diMi

llarlmurs and Lij^/itAoiisrs on Lake Ontario and Lake Erie.

" 'ITicrcIs nocx[)eiiditiire more called for, and from which the benefits to be derived would
be more imnM'diatelv serviceable to the country, than ihe outlay wiiich is required to con-
struct or complete some hartwiirs on the lakes. Many of those on I^ake Ontancj arc in a
very ineflicient and incomplete state.

" On Lake I'.ne there litenilly, •■'. tins moment, is not one into which a vessel can run, or
remain in with safety.

"The state of the'linhthouses on Lake Kne is equally bad ; that which had been at the
end of I^jiiii Point, the most important station on the lake, was prostrated lonj; since.
Othi rs have not been lii;hted for a considerable time. The natural consequence of all
which is, that we have not now one steam-boat on this lake, and the ditliculty and cost of
inducing 8hi|)-owners to risk their vessels info the ruins of what were constructed as har-
bours, is so great as almost to put a stop to the shipping of the produce of the country.

" The sum of 74,000/. has been set down in the estimates, after much consideration and
calculation, as sufficient to remove general and well-grounded complaints on this head."
f)riginal gross estimate as pio|)osed by Mr. Killaly - - - £.74,000

" Hoy of Cfui'eujs Road.

" This line of comnuinicalioii along the north side of the Bay of Chuleurs from Perce
Point to the head of the bay, a distance of 140 miles, is interrupted in two places by
portions of the road which are so little formed as to be almost impassable, one from Little
Pabos to Port Daniel, the other from the Little Nouvelle to the Indian Mission, in all
about 48 miles.

"These portions being improved, and the Metis or Kemp Road (from Point Au.\ Snelles,
on the River St. Lawrencp, to the head of the Bay of Chalcurs) better opened, the entire
of Gaspe east and south, of New Brunswick east and north, would be approachable from the
St. Lawrence with facility, as >Vw Brunswick middle and west is by the Temiscouata
Road."

Original gross estimate proposed by Mr. Killaly . - - £. io,0(i(t
Detailed after-estimate furnished by the Engin<'er - - - i4,S.'j,"i

" T/ie Gosfurd Road.

" Under this head is embraced the completion of the main line leading directly from
Quebec through St. Giles, Sle. Croix, Inverness, &c., to Shcrbrooke, at present but partially
open, and not available in summer. It passes through the large tr.ict of good settlement
land belonging to the Crown, and will curtail the line of travel between Quebec and Sher-
brookeby more than .'iO miles."'

Original gross estimate furnished by Mr. Killaly - - - i'. lo,noo
Detailed after-estimate furnished by the Engineer - - - \),-liMi

" The Main Province Road from Qnebee to Amhcrstburn and Port. Sarnia.

" Unquestionab'"- beneficial as it would be to have the Main Province Road properly
opened and estaVdished throughout, yet such an undertaking, in the present state of the
country, is altogether beyond its resources. Under this head, therefore, is embraced the
improvement of those portions only along which the advantages of water carriage are not
afforded, viz., from the Cascades to the Province Line, and from Brantford to London; these
portions it is proposed to properly form and macadamize or plank, and establish toll-bars
thereon, the revenue from which would be quite equal to meet the interest of the outlay.
From London westward it is intended for the present only to open, drain, trunk and form,
raising and biidging where necessary.

"Tlic building of the several bridges over the large rivers between (iuebec and Montreal,
the crossing of which at certain seasons is very dangerous, and attended with loss of life,
is also calculated for."

Original gross estimate propoi;cd by Mr. Killaly - - f. l.j.">,ooo
Detaileil after-estimate furnished bv the Eniiiiieer - - HJ-.'iV'O

(No. 2.)

l\f}

IMMLIC WORKS (CANADA).

(No. 2.)
Lii (.'hinr Ciiilul.

>9I

Sir, Hoard of Works, Kini;ston, 21 Januan- lft41.

UiTi the annual Matemnit iinil otliir (loriinirnt!, connected with I.a Clnin' Ctinul, svnt in End, a. in No. 35.
icferenco to thisdejiartnieiit, I am ilirected l)y the Hoanl lo report lor his Kxcellency'* infont-
ution, that their attention lia\niir heiMi, in tlie course of the past forwHrchni; nea»<in, forcihiy
attracted t>y tlic evident ni»iitlicieiicy of tlie wliarves f jr the ucconnn<xlati<>n of the greatly
increased trade, the Hoard fully concur with the views expressed in the concludin<; para-
Craphg of the Coniniissioners' Keporl as to the necessity of iininediately ac(|iiirinj; a<ldilioiml
land adjoiniiii; the harliour and wharves. The Uoard are, however, disposed to ^o much
further, and are of opituon that the utfordintt of other necessary accommodation loudly
called for hy the trade, can no lonirer he put otf; they conceive that two L'ravin<; or dry
<locks for the huildini; or repairlns; of vessels, several passini^j places nloni: the line of canal,
nnd a distinct and extensive wh.tif for hrewood, are iiidiH|>eniiahl<> ; all of these have l)eeii
the suhject of several petitions fnun the forwarding; nier,;hants to his I'.xeellency and his
predecessors. The necessity of them is fully admitted hy the Canal ('onniiissioners, hut
they juHtly say, that hy the Act under which they are ap(M)inted, their powers extt:nd oidy
to works of repair.

The idea of cidariiinpr this canal >;eneially has hecn another cause of deferriuf; these
necessary works hitherto. There have hecn two schemes of enlar^^ement put forward, one
uiion a scale so extensive as to e(|ual the Cornwall Canal, and departin;; (r<nii the present
line nearly in tot(j ; the other, merely enlariiinp; the existing canal to a reasonahle extent.
Tlie contem])lution of either should not, in the npiniun of the Hoard, prevent the required
accommodation heini; now afforded, for these icasuns, that the necessary works will he
uttcmled with hut comparatively small expense ; that 111 the event of a modei-ate enlariie-
nient of the canal takiiiir place, they will hi; aviiilalile and funn part of it ; and should the
idea of the enlarLrtnieiit on the irreat scale he ever ciili'i taiiied, evi'ii then, from the lapse of
time that must occur, the expenditure upun the accomiii'idaliuii for the trade, in the mean-
while, woulil he fully warranted.

The Hi'Urd would tlieicliire respectfully recommend that the ('anal Commissioners be
instructed to have |)lans and estunates ])repared of ilu cost of these; works, — the dry docks,
i)assiiig places and additional wharves, iiieludiii'j; the piuclia>e of the irroimd that would
bo rei|iiii'cd, and they are of ,;inioii that the most suitahle place for the fuel-wharf and
yard would be west of the seeontl brid:;e, the cost of which should also be embraced in the
estimate ; it would then only be necessary for the Legislature to repeal the ciause in the
9 Geo. 4, c. rJ, bv whieli the powers of the Connnissioners are restricted to works of
repair solely, and reinvest them with those of the original Commissioners, by which they
were empowered, with the sanction of the (lovernment, to have constructed such "other
works " as might be necessary for the perfection of the canal, and to take the land
necessary.

I have, &c.

T. W. C. Murdoch, Esq. (signed) Thomas lieijly. Secretary.

Chief Secretary.

Extract from a Ri'.ponT of Mr. Ka^l'fi's, dated 10 November 1842, rcsj>ecting the Line to
be nd(jpted in the enlargement of the La ChiiK; Canal.

" I iiAVK examined the whole line of the La Chine Canal, in company with Mr. Atherton
and Mr. Mills, uiul after niueh discussion and reflection, we have unanimoiislv concluded
that the old line should be preserved, and tin.' canal enlarged from Montreal to' the (iuard
Lock, and from thence miwards ; that the canal shoiiM be foiined outside of the present one,
by means of a inole or ])ier in the river, carried up and terminating opposite the village of
La Chine.

" By pursuing this plan we obtain-r-lst. A fine broad entrance to the canal. 2d. With-
out disturbing private property and wharfs about La(3hine; and 3d. We are not stinted for
room, as we should bo if we atteni])ted enlarging the canal above the (Jrund Lock. 4th. We
can build all the locks in summer, without, iitli. interfering with the old ones. nth. We
shall create the least possible amount of damage to fiirnis ; and 7tli. The total cost of the
canal will be less than by forming it an independent one. We shall also be able to carry
on the work in summer and winter without disturbing the navigation.

"The i)laii decided on appears to be so plainly pointed out by a mere insjje 'in of the
ground, that I cfinnot anticipate any serious obiection being raised against it. In pursuance
therefore of the Chairman's instructions to me before I left Kingston, I have desired Mr.
Atherton to take such steps as are necessary to commence the work forthwith. He lias
accordingly given notice lor receiving tenders up to the 14th of December (a copy of which
notice he will send up by the same mail that takes this letter), and hopes to have the portion
of rock excavation intended to be let, laid out by the time the water is drawn from the canal.
This is all that can now be done to make a beginning, but in the meantime, and very shortly,
the whole line can be divided oflP into sections, the sites of the locks and culverts fixed upon,
and plans and s])ecifications prepared, so as to offer the whole to tender early in the winter,
in order that every preparation may be made by procuring materials, &c., i'or commencing
all the works in spring."

Thomas A. Bcgly, Esq. .Secretary to the Board of Works.

595.

n B '2

Report

-.vC

M)(')

PAPERS RELATING TO

If ^ri 1

Repoht on the F^ Cliino Canal.

She, Montreal, 2.1 ncrnnbor 1842.

CoNfoRMAlii.Y with the instructions of tlic nnaril of Woriis, of tiin l.'itli instant, I Imvfi
now th<' honour of subniiltini: my Ft<'|)ort on thn ()ro|)oscd ri-<-onstnictioii of the f,a (.'hine
('anal, a subject to which the honourable the Chnirniuu of the Hoard was picascd in the
month of May last to order that my attention should l)e directed.

Three diHerent |)roject.s have Ix-en suir«e.sfed for effectinj; the proposed work, viz. :
Int. The uideniiiir and deefM-ninf; the present line.

ad. The adoptinji an inile|iendeiit line from near Leishmnn's Point at La Chine, thence
runninu the line at the back of the vilhijic, and thronirh the low crounds of the
reclaimed Lake St. Pierre, to the present terminus at Montreal.
.Id. The constructin-; of the canal within the limits of the bed of the St. Lawrence, down
the Ld (.'hine rapids, to about the foot of Nun's Island, and thence inland to the
present terminus at Montreal,
liach oi these projects is nftccted by considerations of no ordinary importance, as the base
of their respectivi! claims to prcIV rcnce ; these will doubtless be fully considered by the
Doard ; the special duty incundient on me, on the present occasion, is to submit a stut(;ment
of the costs which these different projects would in my opinion rcsiKJCtively involve, and
which I respectfully Ijc)^ to present as follows : —

Estimate.— Pkoject, No. 1.
Etiliirghia the present Line, &c.

Connected rock cutting (50 feet) on Divisions

I to U inclusive.
Detached rock on ditto - - - . .

QUANTITV.

RATE.

S. d.

197,000

\ -

30,000

2 -
1 3

227,000

447,189

20,920

- 9

19,7(i8

1 3

;i,212

- (5

121,349

I 3

Earth-work (100 feet bottom) in the upper reach,

half at 1«. per yard, and half at Is. Ge/. per

yard ; average, Is. 3t/.
Cartage, half a mile on - - - - -
Earth-work (100 feet bottom) in the middle reach,

half at Is, per yard, and half at Is. Gd, per

yard, averagmg Is. 3d.
Cartoge, quarter of a mile on - - - -
Earth-work (100 feet bottom) m the lower reach,

half at Is. per yard, and half at Is. dd. per

yard, averaging is. Ad.

Rock cutting, 50 feet bottom, and earth-work 100 feet bottom

Pier at La Chine, to he formed from the waste on 108,900

sections 1 to 6.
Clearing the channel, 200 feet wide, and expenses

connected with the La Chine Basin.
Lock, No. 1. Guard-lock at La Chine - - .

„ No. 2. at Cote, St. Paul, 11 feet lift -

„ No. 3. 9 feet lift

„ . No8. 4 and 6 combined, 26 9 lid -

Culverts, waste weirs, and bridges, probably
Land, 160 acres, at probably 25/. ...

Contingencies .......

Enlargement to 100 feet bottom through the Rock,
in Divisions 1 to S inclusive.

Total with 100 feet bottom throughout

£.

11,000
15,000
14,000
30,000

150,000

£. s. d.

39,400 - -

3,000 - -

27,949 « 3

784 10
12,373 -

80 C -
7,584 « 3

91,171 8
10,890 - -

5,000 - -

70,000 - -

10,000 - -

3,750 - -

5,000 - -

201,817 8 6
30,000 - -

231,817 8 6

Project, No. 2.

The adopting an mdependent line from near Leishman's Point, at La Chine, thence running
the hne at the back of the village, and through the reclaimed lands of Lake St.
Fierre to the canal basin at Montreal.

This Line, No. 2, may be described as follows : -

1st Division.— One mile and a half from Leishman's Point through rock cuttinff,

averaging 15 feet deep. ^

2d Division.

"»-»o

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA)

2d Division.— One mile mid a halt' tliroiijjh hard ground, partly soil ahd partly
rock, in alioiit equal proportions; the cuttini;* uveru^nii; 15 feet deep.

;id Division. — Four miles throiiuh soft ground and bog-ciirlh. The levels through
this division mii;ht lie so iiiljiistid that the t iittini; and bunking may hahincc each
other, but it is consiilered that a pn>uter pressure of water than thiee feet cannot Iw
put on this soil, in conseiinence of its btini; of a nature unsuitable to resistinj; water
jiressure, and eoiise(|uently that the dejith of cutting thriiut;h this division must be
seven feet at least.

4th Division.— One mile and a half near Montreal, admitin;; of an average cutting
of six feet.

MEA/.fllEMKNT:

1st Division : Rock cuttin<;, 50 feet bottom
2d Division : Ditto - - ditto
„ Hard soil - - ditto

3d Division: Bog-earth, 1 on feet bottom
4th Division: Connnon soil, 100 feet bottom

2f<5,012 feet.
14i,!(5()
142,i>5(l
725,8»4
197.002

will also l)e the same

ice w
the SI

The lockage will lie the same as for I'roject No. 1. The culverts, waste weirs, and brid!;e!<
but a greater (|uantity of land will be required, and heavier damage
incurred by the farms being intersected by the line of the canal. The rates of prices will,
however, be much in favour of the inde|K>n(lent line. On these data the estimate will he as
follows : —

Estimate. — Project

, No. 2.

QUANTITY.

RATE.

». d.

£. f. </.

Connected rock-cutting on Division, No. 1, 50 feet

28.VJ12

•.i

60,034 12 -

bottom.

Connected rock, on Division, No. 2 . - -

142,958

3 6

25,017 « -

Earth-work No. 2

142,95«i

- 10

.'),95« 10 -

Ditto No. .1

725,894

- 7

21,171 18 2

Ditto No. 4

197,002

- 10

8,208 8 4

Rock-cutting, 50 feet bottom, and earth-work, 100

110,388 14 8

feet bottom.

Completing the La Chine entrance - - -

1,000 - -

Locks, same as for Project, No 1. . - -

70,000 - -

Culverts, waste weirs and bridges ...

10,000 - -

Land, 220 acres, at probably 25/. per acre -

5,500 - -

Contingencies, as before . . - - -

- •

5,000 - -

201,888 14 6

Enlargement to 100 feet bottom, through rock, on

329,980

3 (i

57,747 11 -

Divisions 1 and 2.

£.

Project, No. 2, lOO feet bottom throughout -

259,(130 5

Project, No. 3.
The constructing the Canal on the bed of the St. Lawrence, or adjacent thereto, down the
La Chine Rapids, to about the foot of Nun's Island, and thence inland to the present
terminus at Montreal.

This line has been projected with the view of renderin<^ the canal wo.ks subservient to the
double purposes of navigation, and the attainment of mill-power.

In order to compare this project with the others before referred to, the summit level of
the La Chine Rapids on Lake bt. Louis, must be equally atu.ined. The works involved in
this Project No. 3, must therefore start from the head of the pier embraced in No, 1, and
may be described as follows :

1st Division. — Eight miles of pier on the line of the bed of the St. L: rcncc, adja-
cent to its northern bank, so located as to divide the fall of the La Chine Kapids into a
scries of steps at the diflerent locks ; the river line terminating at a point near the
mouth of the river St. Pierre.

2d Division. — Half a mile inland to the present junction with the harbour at
Montreal.
The bed of the river being almost exclusively connected rock, this line of navigation would
be most easily formed by a retaining pier.

The height of this pier along the different reaches of the canal would be necessarily not
less than 10 feet at tlic tail of the respective locks, gradually increasing to 25 feet at the

ai>

iff

^n:

III

198

PAI'EHS RELATING TO

lirad of the Uk\», tlic lifu iM-inj; supposed to be nine fwt. The average heiglil would
therefore Ije 20j feet, and the nicaxurenicnt will lje as follow* :

Meahihrmknt and Estimate, Project No 3.

Earth-work for liody of pier, to be excavated from the north hank

of the river, eight niihs in lens;th. 12 feet in top, tiveraue

heicht, 20J feet, and t<lop<d on each side, at the rate of 2 to I,

containing l,flUlt,737 yards.

Stone (i.cing to pier, 4 fevl thick outside, and 2 feet thick in-

Kide, 4.'>o,5nn yards.
2d Division. — One mile and a half earth-work, averaging fi feel

cuttinLr, iu7,0()2 yards.
Pier ana Earth-work --------

Locks, same bs before ...---.

Culverts and bridges, probably ------

Land .......---

Contingencies, as before .------

RATE.

J. <l.
1 -

Project, No. 3.

£. ». rf.
84,«8« 17 -

112,«J0 - -
»1,2U8 H 4

205,835 5 4

70,000 - -

6,000 - -

2,000 - -

6,000 - -

287,83.'! 6 4

The above estimate does not embrace any work connected with the formation of mill"
seats and water-races connected therewith, but simply the works necessary for the canal.
As regards this project, I would beg to remark, that I cannot contemplate its adoption
without entertaining the most serious ujiprchension of the casualties to which works so
located would be exposed, and the consequent hazard to which the whole trade of the Pro-
vince would be exposed ; but I deem it no part of my duty on the present occasion to discuss
the relative merits of projects referred to, further than as rtjgards the practical costs of the
respective works, and of which I now beg to submit the following abstract of the results of
the foregoing calculations :

Abstract :

Project, No. 1. — The present line enlarged

„ No. 2.~The nilaiid line - - - -
„ No. 3. — The river line - - . .

CoMPAUATivii Results:

Project, No. 2
.. No. 1

Difference in favour of No. 1

Project, No. 3
., No. 1

Difference in favour of No. 1.

Thomas A. Begly, Esq.,

Secretary to the Board of Works.

£.

231,817
26i».fi3fi

287,835

S.
8
5
5

rf.
6
6
4

259,036
231,817

£.

27,818

287,835
231,817

£.

56,017

I have. Sec.
(signed) Charles Alherluii.

(No. 3.)

Lake St. Peteb.

Report of Mr. Atherlon's, of 27 December 1842 on the Improvement of the Navigation

of Lake St. Peter.

Contracts for the dredging outfit for the prosecution of the Lake St. Peter works have
been completed to the following extent :

Contracts fulfilled :

Mr. J.J. Nesbitt, I dredging vessel -----

„ 1 trial scow ----..

Mr. D. Vaughan, 1 dredging vessel - . . . .

„ 1 trial scow ------

Mebtirb. Millar, Ednionston & Allen, 1 tug-boat - - .

Contracts Fulfilled . - - -

£.

S. rf.

1,800

- -

400

- -

2,100

_ ..

400

- -

1,500

- -

£.

6,200

- -

Contracts

■j.l

Mi-

Mr.

IHTliLlC WORKS (CANADA)

Contract* ON iiAni):
J. J.N<-»bitt, 1 <lis('li;ir^iiii; itowh

109

Meawra. Ward k nrusli, fii^iiK -» for i dreiluinf; vessrl*

Ditto tlilto for 2 sets i>f liiitkct-" and »iiiks complete,

accordint; to wcii;lit, pruhiibly ..•-..

Frames and thinibli-s ....----

The St. Mary Foundry Company, for engines for fug-lxmt -

Mr. Armstron;;, of Quel)et, for the shiices of the siow* and maihiiipry

for washing same, at schedule priii-!*, according to weight, hut

probably -..-------

Contracts on Hand

£.

I.HOO

i,IHM>

HOO

.'•00

•2,700

750

8,r>.'iO

CURHK.NT EXPENBKS:

Expenses for outfit of clmins, anchors and cordage, and towage

into winter quarters (bills not all di-l'vered), probably
Further exjienses on the opening of the navigation for liiie purjwses

£.

£. J. </.
.•t.->o - -

•J.'.O - -

liOO

I also think it advisable that nbont 2,000 /. be invested for leading
iron cables and buoys in the line of operations, but this has not
yet been formally proposed to the IJoaixl for their sanction

Expenses of management; Mr. Atlierton's salary from 18 Sept.
1841 to I January 184.1 --.-...

George Meldrum, from 1 August J 842 to 1 January 184.'l

2,000 - -

384 17 2
(J2 10 -

£.

447 7 2

Summary of Lake Engagements, as above.

Contracts fulfilled --------

Ditto on hand --------

Bills for outlay, probubly -------

Salaries to engineer and superintendent - - . -
Proposed outlay for outfit, not yet sanctioned by the Board •

£.

£. i. d.

0,200 - -

8,5&0 - -

000 - -

447 7 2

2,000 - -

17,707 7 2

The contract works now on hand are in satisfactory progress, and I have every reason to
anticipate that operations on the lake will lie commenced as soon as the season will admit.

(No. 4.)

Extracts from Reports respecting the Beuuharnoh Caral, No. 1 to 7 inclusive.

(1.) — Extract of a Letter from tlie Chairman of the Board of Works to the Civil Secretary,
dated 14 December 18;!9. (No. 28.)

" In reference to the communication of his E.xcellency the late Oovernor-gen. lal, dated
the 13th October last, requiring the opinion of this Board, ' whether for the completion of
the St. Lawrence Canal, it would be advisable to run it on the south or north side of the river,'
the Board beg leave respeLtfully to report:

" That, having carefully examined the Reports, plans and estimates of Messrs. Baird and
Stephenson, on the practicability of constructing the said canal through the seigniory of
Beauharnois. and those of Mr. J. B. Mills for the same, through the seignories of Soulauges
and Vaudreuil ; they find themselves unable to arrive at any conclusive opinion on tiiis
subject, for the want of more information.

" The Board find that the engineers who have been employed to report on these routes,
have confined themselves in their examinations each to his own side of the river ; and con-
sequently, that no investigation by a professional person has yet been made as to their com-
parative merits. The Board are further of opinion, that a loute may be found for this canal
possessing many decided advantages over any that has yet been proposed, and in order to
enable them to report satisfactorily on the reference now before them, they are desirous of
engaging a tkilful and conijietcnt engineer to make such examinations as they shall direct."

.'".9.'»-

13 II 4

(2.)— Extract

- 1^

20O

PAPERS RELATIXfi TO

I! ..

! I

" '

(2.) — bzTHACT from a Hkpobt of tin- Cliairinnn nf tlic Hoard of Works to Um Exrelk-noy
flu- Oovernor-gPiieral, Hated "JO February Ihin.
" Thp Hoard arc at present unijrcpiircd to decide tlie prelimiiiurv «|iU'stioii mibiiiittrd,
namely, on which side of the St. Lawrenee, between the Lakes St. Pmiicis and St. Xmws,
the canal nhould Ik- located, for the rensoMH set forth in their Kepoit (No. 'JH); but BJionld
it pleaiM! yiiiir Lxcellency to f^rant the nniyers thereof, the Hoard arc of opinion that they
will \w enabled to HMbmit to your Kxcellency's consideration a more advantatjLous and less
expensive line than any yet proposed for that object."

(3.) — Extract from a Report of the President of the Board of Works, for the information
of his Excellency the Governor in Council, dated I'J May 1842.

" The Hoard would stronuly recommend that some |)ro^ro-is with the work.s of this
section* should be authorized this yeiir, KO that it may bi' completed in 1844. No work
having yet been commenced on it, several lines have been explored for its route, chicHy on
the north side of the river, to which the Hoard of Works, conceivini; there was nnich objec-
ti(m as to dilliculty of construction an<l ex])ensc, have had the line formerly selected by Mr.
Stevenson on the south side of the river, carefully re-surveyed by a coni|x;teut eni^ineer.
The result of the survey fully confirms the view the Hoard had taken of it, the line bein-; in
every respect preferable to tdat on the north side, and the work can be executed at u very
reduced cost. An objection has been raised by some in a miluary view, to havintr it on the
south side, to which the Hoard do not attribute any weight, more esp-cially as the Cornwall
portion of the navi!rai..jn (nearl)r completed) is within musket shot of the American tcrritoiy,
08 will necessarily be other portions of the general line also. Wliereas this portion, us pro-
[)osed, is about 20 miles from the frontier."

(4.)_KSTIM.'\TE of the probable Cost of Constructing a Can ai. between Lake St. Francir. and Lnke
St. Louis. Looks, 200 x 4.j X I). Canul, 80 fvet wide at bottom, 10 feet deep. Dank.'<, 14 feet
high, and 12 fcot wide at lop. Slopes 2 to 1.

South Side — Inland (Bf.aiiiar.nois Canal).
1. — From Cbiinnul in Lnke St. Francis to Mainland.

Removing 10,100 cubic yards of boulder-stones from flio point of the
hIiouIh between Isle au Chats and the Muioliind ; the stones to be
raised by the patent steam dredge (constructed on the principle
of tlie steam excavator, now in »ucecs,sful operation in the United
States), and deposited in the deep wafer btilow the shoals, ot of. -

Cost of dredge, 2,500/. for its use on this .servieo ....

Excavation below surface of water at the entrance of tlie canal, 5,500
cubic yards, ut 1 .?. -

Boulder-stones that may bo found in this excavation, 1,000 cubic
yards, ot 1 s. extra

Forming the end of the pier from tlio excavation, 1,500 cubic yards
at Oil.

Slope wall, for its protection, 150 cubic yards, nt 7s. 6rf.

Coffer-dam (no pumping, as the water can bo drawn oflf through the
canal) .-----...--

Timber bulwark for the cfcncc of the point of the pier, 550 cubic
yards, atO*- --......

£. J. ti.

275

37
50

fiOO

274

Total of the First Item

000 -

1 ,200

0,541

2. — ^Tlie Canal from the Mainland to Water in Lake St. Louis.

Excavation to 0.20-05 chains, 204,500 cubic yards, at 1 1 </.
Embankment from cicovution, 12,000 cubic yards at 6 rf.
Loose stone in the obovc, 15,500 cubic yards, li. extra ...
Stones to be blasted, 5,000 cubic yards, at 2s. 6rf. ....
Stones carried more than 300 feet to face the bank, 5,000 c. yds. at 1 s.

Excavation to 0-06-05 chains, 100,000 cubic yards, at lOd.

Embankment, 14,000 cubic yards, ut Od.

Loose stones to be excavated, 9,000 cubic yards, at 1». extra -
Stones to be blusted, 3,000 cubic yards, at 2 s. flrf. -

Excavation to 0-100-102 chains, 130,000, at 8(/. ....

Embankment, 10,000 yards, at Orf

Stones, 1,000 cubic yards, at Is. extra --....

• The Canal from Cotcau du Lac to the Cascades.

0,372

300

775

625

250

8,201

525

450

—

375

4,333

622

11,322 18 4

0,641 13 4

5,005 10 8
Excavation

? »s i|

PUBLIC WORKS (CANAt)A).

toi

EiMvtlion to 0-I7I-1014 phaini, 969,100 eubio yvdt, »i Rt/.
Louw iioDM, 4,a«H) cubic jrardi, at I (. cxtn -
StoDM to be biMted, l,5iMI cubic ynU, at 9(. OA -

EzMkTUioii to 0997-130 ehuai, 187,000 cubic jardi, tt 1 1.
Embankment from exeaTation, 30,300 cubic y%rii*, at 6d.
Loom itonei, 94,000 cubic yardi, at I $. extra . • •
Stonet to be blaf ted, 8,000 cubic yard* at 9 f . « d. •

Excaration to 0-9(1 1-0/ chaini, 180,000 cubic yard J at 9d.
Embankment, 45,800 eubio feet, at 0<£ ....
Stonot, 1,000 cubic feet, at 1(. extra ....

Excavation to 0'900-87 chaini, 136,400, cubic yard*, at tid.
Embankment, 12,700 cubic yards, at Of/. ...

ExeaTation tu 0-310-67 chain*, 140,100 yard*, at Od. •
ExeaTation to 0-397-34 chain*, 66,000 cubic yard*, at 9<f.
ExeaTation, earth, to 0-334-91 chain*, 4,000 cubit, yard*, at 8rf.
ExeaTation, rock, S,000 cubic yard*, at 5<. •
Embankment from exeaTation, 38,000 eubio yard*, at I *.

ExeaTation, earth, to 0-9fi9, water, 4 1 ehain*, 96,300 cubic yard*, at 8 d.
ExeaTation, rock, 97,300 cubic yard*, at fi(. ...
Embankment, 40,000 cubic yards, at l«. 3(/. .

Slope wall, two mile* of canal, with sills, 1 1,000 cubic yard* a* 7 1. fid.
Grubbing and cleari'^g, 60 acres, at 13/. ....

Guard lock .....
Eight lift lock*, 13,500/. each
One road culvert over River St. Pierre
Four small culverts, 1,000/. each .

Catch.wator drain, 1 1 miles, at 06 /. per mile •
Fencinfr, II j miles, at 330/. per mile, both sides
Two toll.collector's houses, 350/. each -
Six lock.housos, 150 /. each ....

Three swing bridges, at 1,000/. each
Damages and compensation for bridges -

£. $. d.

8,736 13 4

995 - -

187 10 -

9,360 -

P«9 10
1,900 -
1,000 -

4,875 -

1,717 10

60 -

5,115 -
470 6

163 6 8
1,950 - -
1,000 - -

84,1 8
6,896 - -
9,500 - -

4,196
600

11,000

100,000
3,500
4,000

715

3,700

SOO

000

4,800
5,000

Total of Sneond Item

m. I. d.

0,140 3 4

19,639 10

0,649 10 -

6,601
5,501
9,475

5 -

3,31.1 <l H

10,108
4,725

118,500

5,875
0,800

<t 8

390,33,1 15

3. — Excavation under water to the Channel in Lake St Louis, Piers, Coffer.dani, &r.

Coffer.dam and pumping

Rock excavation under water, 10,800 cubic yards, at 6<. .

Pier, 14,600 cubic yards, at 7 <. Off. . . . .

Sea wall stones, 14,300 cubic yards, at is, Od.

Breast wall, dry, 1,600 cubic yard*, at 7«. 6i/.

Filling behind breast-wall, &c., 8,000 cubic yards, at 1 «. •

Summary.
1st Item. — From Channel in Lake St. Francis to Mainland . . . .

3d Item. — ^The Canal from the Mainland to water in Lake St. Louis
8d Item. — Excavation under water to the Channel in Lake St. Louis, Piers, Coffer
dams, ko. .............

Superintendence and contingencies .........

2,500 -

3,700 -

5,476 -

1,787 10

503 10

445 -

13,470

Total

. £.

6jft41 5 -

330,333 15 -

13,470 - -

15,566

356,900

Remarks.

In reference to the first item, it may possibly be found advisable (initead of going to the expense
of removing so much as 10,000 cubic yards of the points of the shoals) to conBtnict a towing-path
from the entrance of the canal along the bank of the river, a distance of one mile, to the point at
Knight's House, and from thence, a distance of 30 chains, along the shoal lying on the south side of
the channel, and terminating at the point where the channel is narrowest. This would roit much
about the same as the work estimated, being aa follows :

Towing.path along back, 28,160 cubic yards, at 6d. •
Tawing.path to point of shoal, 3 1 ,680 cubic yard* at 1 «. 6</.
Removing points of shoals, 6,800 cubic yards, at 6«. •
Use of the steamdredge ......

Office, Board of Works, 1
Kingston, I October 1843. J

595.

£. t.

038 13

>.9d.

2,376 -

—

1,700 -

—

600 -

£.

6,614 13

(signed) Samite/ Keefcr, Engineer, Board of Workd.

(6.) — EXTHACT

" '4

303

PAPERS RELATING TO

(t.)— ExT"*' T from t^'" Rbpout of the Prp»iilfnt of the Board of Worki, to Ili« nxMllrnry
the Gov«riior-f(ent:r»l, ujkjii Mr. Simptom'i Objection* to •lioptiii^ the South side of
the St. Lavremx, for the linr of a Canal.— < Vidt pp. Ifl0-1«3.)

(«.)— ExTBACT from the Rbport of J. tt. Mills, Ew., Civil Engineer, re»pccting the
Improvement of the Entrance to the Jteauhamoit Canal from Lake St. francit.

'iO December 1842.
" Fn dcRCcndinfj, therefore, it may be settled that Grossc Point is to be neared ; thence, the
south channel aObrd an caoy and good direction for the canal, and is of ample dimensions,
the narrowest part l>eing AOO feet wide, where even a sail-boat can tack and beat Just
below said narrow place there is a little work to be done, in onler to improve the channel
and itH direction ; (I say improve, as now a pilot understanding the ground can take asteam-
l.>-iat of the largest dimensions for canal navigation, full freighted, to the canal by the south
channel, having to veer awkwardly at one pomt only, which is just below the place marked
500 feet wide). The boulders upon the snore are, I consider, all that arc to be moved, and
which cannot amount to 50 cubic yards. This done, the channel from the canal to the
lake is good and liberal enough to satisfy any reasonable demand, and should it ever
appear desirable to tow from the canal to Chartier's Point, and even to Grosse Point, the
towing path can be along the beach and shoal at a moderate expense, and at a convenient
distance from the channel.

" We will have ultimately at each extremity of the Beauharnois canal, a nmall amount of
work for a dredge ; in clearing away cofTer-dams, &c., at Lachine, there will be the same
class of work, as well as at the termination of the short canal necessary for the improvement
of the navigation below Prescott. In reference to all which I propose that either the
Government shall have a dredge built, to be worked under their directions, or shall contract
for a bulk sum for each job. Noble says his dredge and out-fit will cost 1,250/,; Simpson
values his at 350/. A» to the work now more immediately referred to (the removal of^ the
boulders partially obstructing the entrance from Lake St, Francis), it will thus cost more to
prepare to do it than the work itself will cost"

(7.)— Extract from Second Rbpobt of Mr. To/f.

" Sir, Beauharnois Canal, 13 August 1842.

" I BEO leave to lay before the honourable the Board of Works, the following Report of
the progrsss of the Works of the Beauharnois Canal.

" The works of that portion of the canal comprised between stations 146} and 128, which
were commenced on the 12th of last month, are advancing rapidly and present a good
appearance. The north bank of the canal is up to its height at several places.

" The quantity of excavation done to this day, 83,879 cubic yards.

" Nearly the whole of the Irish employed beine immigrants but newly landed, many of
them having suffered severely on the voyage out and by subsequent privation, the progress
of the work has not been quite so satisfactory for the earlier part as it has now oecome.
The men, by daily food and rest, and r^ular practice, are now becoming more energetic and
are workine with better heart. The general health of the men has been very good. The
conduct of the men and foremen has also been very good. No collision or angry feeling
has arisen between the races, and but five men have been discharged for bad conduct.

" These facts, together with the favourable state of the weather, favour the supposition
tliat this portion of the canal will be spe<^dily executed."

Extract from Mr. To/e's Fourth Report.

^^ ». , IB September 1842.

The weather has not been so favourable as during the previous fortnight, and some
delay has occurred in consequence. The work, however, advances satisfactorily, and the
utmost good feeling continues to exist amongst the men.

" The total amount v '"excavation to this day, 212,740 yards."

:;te

I'l in.M. WOIIKS (CANADA;.

2oj

(N... :,.)

n \l'll)i: l'l.» f, (iALOl'KS, Sic.

Sir, nr.iiiliiiriKii-., X Fchnmrv l«J;i.

In arciinliiiu'i' uilli iri^lriHliiiiis ri'ic unl liuiii tlir Ituiinl <il Wurk", u> (ht Ictlt r nt' tin-
8i»rrt'tiii V, ot till' 'Jlitli l)i 1 niilpir I~1J, " In |ir(|i.cii' ^lu li plan unit rsluniilfs Inr tin- •icvcnii
v.iirk*, whcthir iMilli-umk nr niiisnni v, us arr rii|Miri li l.i |itititt llif navijiiitmii nt llii' St.
LiiwrriK'*!, lii'lMi'i'ii I'rocott ami (' itiuvall ('.ui.il, ii|i >n lln' ■•aim; sralr a" tlir lti'aiilKiriii>i<<
("anal," I ln'^ Iim\c t" ■.uliniit llii' IoIIiumii^ iini.iik->, rctiriiicr Immiii; had to inv pi. ins of
till* works III (|iii'itioii, aiii' tlic rr|ioil ol tln' Coiiiiiii-^ioiii'i..< loi iiii|irovin:; llir Navigation
of tlin St. Lavvrcnci', III )"(:('iiilirr Im:I.i, wlinli pl.iiis uiiil Ki-jioit aiv in tin; oiliti' ot tlii'
Hoaril of Work-.

Tlic Itcpint al)o»(' alliiiird to contain- soinc innarks ol iniiii' U|)im tin- " scali'' <>( iin|iruvr-
nif'iit iici't'ssurv tor tlir»r niiuoi ra|iicl>. wlin 1; I r^iiisnlrr ytt uoimI ; mz. That as the
chiiiiiii'l of the ri\rr |ias-in<4 llir |ioints in <|iii'stloii, js uiii|ili' lor thi' draught ot water and
liic toniiU'.;r c'onliin|ilalrd 111 thr-r ini|ii'oM'iiiiiits, all dix ciidiiii; cialt of w 'lati'vi-r kind
will ;;i> dovvii tin; iivit, tlnirlori' tlirsr iinpioviiiifiiN, Iniirj; tor tin asri iidiiii; I .idc, iiiiiiih'
onlv •'ill tt-L't III' liottoiii, rutin Ttlian mi tirt, a- at tlir Iti'unhariiois ('an.il.

The locks iiinsl lollow the sial.- uinl sl\!c iit those at tin; Heanhariiois Canal.
The tirsi ini|jedinienl to llii' navigation of the St. Lawrence uliovc the Cornwall Canal i-
at Farren's I'oint, wliicli |ilaii I do not |)i'ojiose to idler. In the tiiiul location moiih' sli>:hl
ch»n<;es may lie- made, wliich will not niiitorially ulli'Ct the cost. This remark aiipiiuii uImi
to the points nhovc.

Tlie works at Farren's I'oint must he ahniil roiir-lif\hs of u mile in loiit;lh. The plan of
operations proposed here, was to excavate the canal mainly in the river bank, and form tb<!
outside bank of the niateriul from said excavation, and without nnikini; any use of pier or
crib-work of timber, (upon tlie presumption that enouijh stone will be found in the eourst;
of excavation, as at Lon^; Saut, by which to form the bank and render it |)crmunent ; but at
Farren's Point tlie quantity of stoiu; in the excavation is of doubtful inai;nituiie). As
acting on this plan is virtually sayini; that we will diir into the river bank, and carry out
earth for tl. outer bank untif tin- canal is formed, or until so much of tliv earth thrown out
remains as to I'orm the outer bank, and that siu'h plan is evidently ii lefniite. I propose to
proceed ditl'erently. but upon a ]>lan which I think will not eo«if more ; therefore 1 conclude
that certainty, facility, ultimate safety and economy, urgi; the adoption of pier or crib-work
to form the lower part and outside of the einliankment in the river. This wood-work will lie
ever under water, and tiually covered with the embiinkuient, and will cost :i,'2ll., also I add
for work connected with the lock l.oou/., makm<; 4,724/.

In the Report above referred to, the expense of iinprovius this place is put down at
23,735/. Ills., to which I add the above »,7is/,, and we have for the expense hem
28,45))/. I Us.

The next point for impiovenient is Rapide Plat, whicli'is 3,'^ niilfs in length; liere also
I refer to the plans and Report of 1«.')3, and iirojiose to adhere to that plan.

For about three-quarters o! the distance the plan then contemplated (as at Farren's Point)
for effecting the improvement, will answer but for a little more than one mile of tlie work, or
the luile next below the first half mile from the head, where the shore is bold and the cur-
rent strong ; I propose to adopt pier and crib-work, which will cost 5,a8(i/., also to the
work connected with the lock I add l,ooo/., making <!,r»H(i/. This canal is nearly four
miles long, and I think requires a guard lock, which cannot be constructed to answer all
the ends desirable short of !>,8S3/. ; a guard lock was not originally contemplated here.

The improvement, as per said Ue|)ort, was to cost 4t),U27/. ins-, which amount I leave to
stand, and the above items, j,aiS(i x !),!>8a/., making for the expense at Rapide Plat
61,790/. 10*. currency.

Above Rapide Plat there are three points noticed in the Report of 1833, which may he
considered ditticult, viz., the Pine-tree Point, Point Iroquois, and Presqn'isle ; the first I do
not consider requires improvement. Point Iroquois is a ditKcult passage, and a veiy expen-
sive place to improve.

Before giving an estimate, or an opinion concerning it and Presqn'isle, I wish to make
some further oxaminatioiis. With Point Iroquois and Piefou'isle, I will put the Lower
Galopes, and for the present dispose of them by saying thai 'lie improvements in the appli-
cation of steam power, which yet are in progress, are favourable to the hopi; and to the
opinion that these minor obstacles may soon be successfully encountered, not requiring any
expenditure upon them.

The next point in course, is the upper and principal (ialo|>es, about which there is no
question as to the necessity of its hiipioveiuent. In the Rejiort of 1h.'»3 the exjiense at this
place IS put down at 14,153/.; to which I wish to add, on account of some changes in the
manner of proceeding, as at Farren's Point, and partially at Rapide Plat, 4,000/., making
for the improvement at the Galopes 18,153/.

Above the Galopes, and near Chimney Island, for a short distance, it will be necessary to
dredge the Canadian Channel and remov" some large boulders.

I am not n')w in possession of perfect data for an estimate here, but I think that 750 /.
will do what ii necessary.

595. D D Thus

ti i«

304

I'AI'ERS UKLATINC. TO

Thuit I Imvr U'""' "*" **" '""' •""" '''•■ * "f"*"" <""•"'' '«' l'r«-«"U, mul u«k fttr i X|wr»-
diiurrit u» tollow* :

*. .'. it,

l-arrrn . Poiiil '.'h,»,'.ii |<i -

llHpi(le IMul "I.^i"» «') -

Till- (•lll«>|M', l^.l.i.t - -

{'hiinticy ..-•--- Iftu - -

Total - - f. Kiu.i.Mi - -

The utime for tho IikIiii iit tho soTeral point* will be obtained ronvrnitntly.

If dminilile, thi« work can all bv put nndvr contract »oon, the lockit imnicdiatrly.

I am, tec.
ToTheMon. H, H. Killaly, K'ned) J. B. Mill*.

Chairman of the Hoard of Wurki.

(No. fi.)

Wklla.nd Canal.

EfTiMATE of thcCoHt of He-conntructinij; the Locks, Constnittinn the Ilnrhours, and
Enlarginp the Trunk of tho Wetland Canal, assuming the Grand River aa the Hourct;
of Supply.

£.

Work alrrady vmder contruct -

237,000

Conttructing the harbours . . -

20,700

Two locks bcliiw St. Cutlierine's

~ •

20,200

Allanburi; locks . . - - -
Port Colborne Iwk . . - -

0,(100

8,4A0

Thirty waste weirs and 20 bridges -

13,050

Aqueduct over the Wclland River -

1 8,000

Locks to and from the Wellund River

•

5,400

Enlargement of the trunk throughout

48,771

Gates for 28 locks - - - - -

12,000

Superintendence and contingencies -

£.

;»l»,474

434,21 r>

The foregoing is an estimate of the cost of all the works necessary for the full completion
of this canal, upon the principle of its being supplied as at present from the Grand River ;
but from the apprehensions entertained b^ some that this source of supply may at a future
period be found inadequate for the greatly uicreased trade, which may with certainty be cal-
culated upon, and from the low rates at which the work remaining to be done is tendered
for, I would strongly recommend, as highly deserving the consideration of the Board, the
bringing through the waters of Lake Erie at once. By so doing the communication would
be rendered perfect, and the supply of water, both for the purposes of navigation and for
the most extended machinery, more than sufficient. The effect of draining the several
flooded townships would be to render upwards of 30,000 acres of land, at present worthless,
very valuable, and also to produce the most salutary effects upon the health of this section
of the countrv. An estimate is accordingly submitted of the cost of enlarging the canal so
as to admit the waters of Lake Erie.

Work now under contract - _ - .
Constructing the harbours ....

Two locks below St. Catherine's ...
Two locks at Allanburg, and entrance to the feeder
A guard lock at Port Colborne ...
Thirty waste weirs and 20 bridges ...
Aqueduct over the Welland River ...
Enlargement of the trunk throughout
Lock gates .......

Supenntendence and contigencies ...

£.

237,600
20,700
20,250
9,000
3,000
13,050
10,020
92,355
12,600
42,607

468.682

10 June 1843,

(signed) J. Power.

I'UULIC WORKS (CANAUA).

305

(No. 7.>
WuLLAWD anil I.* Chihb Canaw.
Ktatf.mknt of Toi.m rrrcivrd on tli<> WtlUxHtl an<l Im Chint CaimU.

IHIO.

IMI.

*. d.

Welluiul Caiisil
Lu Cliiuc ditto

19,175 11 10 I 20,310 Itf t>

I
lll,71H 13 I lfl,U"> 1^ -

lot.!.

£. I. d.
■ii.otn 1!) u

i4,iai 'J A

OlKcf ..1 Houril ..f Woiks.l
20 June 18-13. J

(No. 8.)
BURLINQTON BaY CaNAL,

Sir, Board 1)1' Works, Kingston, 18 March 1843.

In reporting upon the pro|M'r site for the conslriiction of th« Burlington Bay Canal, I
shall, in limine, lay down the conclusions at which I have arrived, and then proceed to enu-
merate the considerations which have led to thein. In these conclusions, I consider that I
assume a stron<; and inipregniihle pisition, for they are the result of much patient and
careful thinking, after twice visiting the ground, and after making approximate estimaten of
the cost of conotructing the canal at each of the sevend places tl^at nave been named.

First. — To construct a canal which shall rombinc the greatest nuniber nf advantaged,
and afford to vessels and craft navigating it the greatest ease on entering and departing,
the situation should coincide with that of the present ciiniil.

!>econdly. — At this place the canal can be constructed at the least expense ; any
other site would cost more.

- There have been four places named for the site of this canal : 1st. The one herein pro-
posed, being in fact a reconstruction of the present canal ; 2d. A situation close to the north
side of the present cuual. — (This plan was a suggestion of my own, in my Report and esti-
mate of the Uth July 1841, in which 1 proposed to abandon the old work altogether, but to
place the new work near enough to it to be under shelter from the S. E. winds) ; — 3d. At
the old outlet ; 4th. Near the north shore, cutting the canal through Brant's I'uud.

In favour of the first position, being that which I have now selected, I may remark, that
the fact of the present canal keeping itself open, and nmintuniin<; its depth from year to year,
while the sand is in continual motion along the beach, indicates the safety and ceriainty of
the result, that would attend the expenditure of money at this place.

On the other hand, it has not been proved, nor can it be known, what would be the precise
result of cutting the canal more northerly.

In a nautical point of view, one of the strongest reasons in favow of this position is this,
that the line of navigation from Hamilton to the outer lake will be made to coincide very
nearly with the middle of the delta fornjed by the beadi, so that vessels going either way
have fair beating-ground and ample room to take advantage of everj- wind at all favourable.
In this direction the wind will be more constant and regular than nearer the north shore
where the hills are high, and cause it to move more at intervals or in gusts.

Not trusting to my own judgment in nautical matters, I have obtained the opinion of
several lake captains relative to the position of the canal. I find that the most experienced
and intelligent seamen (among whom 1 will mention Captain Gordon, of the steamer
Britannia, who has had the advantage of several years' daily experience in running through
the canal during the season of navigation), concur in representing the first position as
decidedly preferable to any other for the accommodation of sailing craft. The only advan-
tage conceded to the fourth position being that vessels, in case of snow storms or fogs,
which at certain seasons of the year are very frequent, would have a better chance of maLii-g
I 595. D D 2 the

1^«\

iO(f

PAI'RIIS HF,I./\TI\r. TO

( i

■ ■(■

f'.t

? ^ *^

F»»^<.

£.>y.

i!,»;io

nn.diti

•J.l.il'

lii,(ilM

■t,:iii()

ii;>,iM)o

4,40U

tii>,;i.'iti

the I'litranrp with the Mniniliiii; Ii-hiI, >iv follriwiiii; up ihf Innal nlnnu (hr noiMi nhorp. A<« uii
iiH--<'t l<> tlii<> ii(ltiiiita;:i It K, liiiHi'Vir, "tuli-il, tli^it il (Ik- miihI ih uI nil >lii<i|i^ l°rciiii the lUxt-
Huiil till- liikr i» 111 ri»ii;li tliat II svoiilil !»• iiii|N»-iliir t.> -Inr liy •uuiiiIiiiuh, Im .•oum' of th«
uiiccrtKiiity i>f uljtitiiiii^' thrill with lu-ciirury.

II IN inv iiiti'iiliMii III c.liviiiir tliio ilillii'iiliy, in u crciit nn'iitiiri', liy iiMiichini; a ImII to tht*
|inr-lii:lil, Willi iiiiirlmiiTv -mtaldr In lkrt|) ii liiiiiiiiiir sliikiiiu it at -tUilcil iiiti-rvaU diiriii^
iu^it anil miiiw-xtiirniH.

\\ ith iliiH r.ininviime the < anal nui'trm ttil in this |i|Hcr will artofil ihe mml facile, safe
iiimI (liirulilt! I'litniiMC that can In- nlitaini'il.

III rrliri'iur to llir ('•'<.! of II I'liiiiil Hi till' 'I'viral |><>«ilioii<i, I lurrwith mihinit <li'tuilc<|
r>liiiiiil("< of llic hrni mill toiirlli, iniiilr ii|( Imm ilif roiiinirt |iri(i' lor IiiiiIht, from Mr.
>lii>w's I sliiiiiilr of llii' I o<.| of floiii's ili'livi ml, anil from a ('oiM|iariHoii of llir iiiiinl ri < <-tit
Iciiilrrs lor workinan'>lii|i in fraiiiiti'.' and Miikin^ llif irilm ; tin- mtoihI I havr rulciit.iti'il to
ciwt ■J.iiim/. more than the lir»t, uii'l the third will cost altoiit li.'iiniiii/. ; th,M'o»t of imcIi
will thrri'lori' Mtanil tliim :

1. llc-conKtniction of (ilil canal - - •

2. Canal cloiic to jin o'lit canal - - ••
;i. Canal at old outlet ....
4. Canal ut Itrant'it I'ontl ...

TJir first or intcndid site will therefore cost -J,!! lo/. less tliiin the necontj, 20,1)00 /. less
than the third, and ;tl,2il2/. less than llie foiirtli.

In thene estimates I have allowed for iimkiiii; the clear breadth lietweeii fhr piers l.'iO feet,
asheinu' in inv opinion -ntlirieiit, with >lraiulit and par.illel piers, tiir rnsiirinu easy entninre.
1 propose Id siili-titiite a (eny lor tile «wiiii,' hiidiie, Imt it tins prove inudeiiiiate to the travel
across the ciiniil, la" leet is not loo L;reat a *pan tin tlie cieelion of a dounle swing-bridge,
tthicli, placi'il upon a Ioiil', n.iiiow and pomlcd pi.T, in tlie middle of the channel, can be
made to o|K'ii both sides at once, and leave tiie v.liole, evccpt M feet, clear fur the puKmi^rc
of vessels.

Uv the fcxeciitioii of the work (••.timated for, the old south-east pier, which has been con-
stnictid at '.'icat e\|)<iise, will he hroiiu'lit into use, and the new south-east pier, which is
ex|)0!.ed to the force of ii tremcndiais sea, will be placed lioyoiul the possibility of danger.

1 propose to carry out tiie piers to !.'> fix't water iit the lake, and 12 feet water in the bay.

The i;rent advantaj;e of conslructinu; the canal at the present site is the facility aflPorded
by the old canal of comimmicatin;; with all parts of the new work while in proj^ress, and the
ucciirity of the materials, which can \)c transferred at pleasure from the lake to the bay and
iiirc vc'rsi't, under shelter of the old south-east pier. This is an advantai^e that cannot be
enjoyed at either the third or fourth position ; there, when a storm comes on there is no
shelter, every thinii is at the mercy of the waves ; the difliculty and delay these storms
would occasion would greatly enhance the cost of the work at those two places.

In making my estimate for the cut through Brant's Pond, I hive not heeded the sugges-
tion set forth by certain interested parties, that it would merely be necessary to construct
piers to and from Brant's l*ond, and the liirce of the current wruld sweep out the mud at
the bottom. There is no analogy in the ojieration of natural causi ■ .o support this asser-
tion ; on the contrary, wo ol)serve at every enlargement of the present canal beyond the
ordinary breadth that a deposit of sand has taken jilace ; so would it do here. I have
therefore considered it necessary, and have so estimated, to continue the piers unbroken
through the pond.

You will perceive, by this Beport, that reflection and calculation have brought me to adopt
your views and suggestions relative to making use of the present canal for tbnuing the newr
ijii". Mv first Report and cstiinate rulerred to an independent canal, close to the north of
tla- old ' 1 ! ; but tie result c)f the estimates, and the consideration of the great advantages
allijrdi i'. by incorpr rating the old south-east pier with the new one, induce me now to report
il) fi' vour of re-con -.ti uctioii.

Did I not anticipate the opposition of interested persons to the plan now proposed, I
■would consider it necessary to apologize for dwelling at such length upon a decision, the
correctness of which is so obvious; but plain as it may appear to you, that the canal can be
constructed so much clieaper at the present site, and at the same time be made to combine
so many more advantages than at any other place north of it, I shall not be surprised to
find a strong opposition raised against the plan by persons who will not hesitate to assert,
that the least eligible and must expensive place is the one which ought to be selected.

I have, &c.

i>'. KeeJ'er,

Engineer, Board of Works.

ESTIMATB

?i'

rM'nuL wnnKs (CanadA;.

307

KtTiMWi '' the (N>ii| f>t Kr ronitnicting the Burlingtun Hay ('aatl.

It I* |>r>i)MiM-il ti> riiiind tli<> X nth pirr III tlio cli^iiiix'l >•( thi' nil ciiniil, tn hiiilii iinothrr
111! r ti.iriillrl tn tlii> (III the iiortli -nli', ut u iJi'tiiiKi- Irnm if nf IMi f<i-l ; tu ilri-ili;c anil rieur

out ill)- llltiTVclllll.: ipill'l- tn lorill till' llrw Clllllll, wIlK'll Urill lIxTI'ti >ri> llll'lllllc thf lltlklll);

Til)' imrtli |iirr will Ix- mail)' '.>,m:|ii Irrt Iniit; iiiid Jli t'lTt wide, with the cxcfptiuii of 30
fi'i-t lit till- t-nxti-rii ti'rniiiiiitiixi, wIid h will Ih- ;iii li-rt uidi-.

Thixuiiitli piir v«ill Ih> iimi'r .M'M) I'li-t loii^, -J.l.'i.'i fit-t of it to Im> 'JO fiTt widr, und thr
rr«t CJT'j Irt't) at till- ra-ttcrii riicl will Im- .'ill lirt uidi- at tin<; plai'f, uiid diniiiiinh to 'JO fi-t-t
Hiili- ut the I'lid.

Both piorH »ri> to liuvc n rcccits left in tlii'iii, !•• Iiy 'Mt feet, for » fiTry-b«>at to ply, in lieu
of tin- pr<-»('«t itwiiig hridm'.

North Pikh:
From A. to D., 7(tii fcrl. £. $. d.

„ <;. to M., ft'2.> fi-<'t ; \,'lif> fi-Pt of pier, 20 fcot wide, niid founJrd in
10 It-i-t water, on liriiHli liuttoniit, at a/. |ii«. fl >' |i«'r ciiljii- foot - - 4,:ilH 2
I'roin H. to v., 7.'>'> feet.
Kf-rrHH, (III ft-i't, Ha.'i feet of Holid pile, whurfiiig-pdes <-iit olf at Hiirfaee-

watt-r, diiil <rib-l)uilt tluTi'iin, -J /. 1 1 ». - - - • . . a, 120 b -
I'loiii M. to 1)., ■'Iiiii lert of pier, -JO feet wide, und founded in 10 tu 15

feet water, hriifh hottonix, ul 4/. ii«. (I</. . ..... 1,207 10 .

rroin (I. to I)., MO feet water, erih in I'l feet water, ut 7 /. 'it. •■ • 213 — -

I'lliiit: and i'a|ipiii<; fruin A. to II., 7oo feet
Ditto ditto C.loM., .'>2:i „

Ditto ditto M.tuD., :i3o „

l,ft.')5 feet, at lOi, ... 77 16

I'vtia pile»i at !)., ao fecl.nt 1.1*. 22 10 -

yotc. — The piers extend to l.'i feet w.iter in the lake, and to 13 feet
water in the bay.

SoLTii Pier :

Hecesn, fio feet.
I'rotii (i. to h., l,i».')0 feet of pier, 20 feet widn, founded in an average of

10 feet water, brush bottom, -iOlo feet, ul;l/. KM. «W/. per - -

From h. to II., 2.')0 feet of pier, 20 feet wid(>,<lbuiided in lU to 15 feet

water, 250 (eet, at 4/. J. nd.

l-'roin II. to K., 27.'> feet of pier, varyiiij; from 50 to 30 feet wide, in 18 feet

water, at 1» /. -2 «. 3 J.
Pilini; and eappintj (j. to ^., 800 feet, at lOf. . . . . .

Ditto ditto ir.to 11., l.HS.'i „
Itecess - tin „

Pilea only on one hide, 1,415 feel single, at 5 J. - . . - .

II. tok., 275 ., double, at lOi, . . . - .

Extra piling, II. to k., lUU pileit, ut 15*. ......

Filliiii; ill between new and old S. piers, 2,504 cords, £. i. d.

at l.iii. .... .... 1,1)45 JO -

t-ca wall at junction of S. pier with the beach, «00 cords,

at 15*. ..---.-.. 450 - -

Reii' 1 iiijr old N(';ah Pier :
'I'akiiiL. >vay 111 11 lis, at 20 /. per crib
Pulling out 124 p' s, at 25 s. pi-r pile ■

"■ ■'*..

Excavation for N. Pier to S. water:
460 X 5 X 81 =s 6,000 yards, at 5rf. ■
Dredging; all required.

A. to B., 500 X 4 X -10 = 80,000

B. to C, 890 X 10 X 50 = 400,000

C. to M., 523 X 4 X 40 = 84,000

i!. 2,303 10 -

Cubic feet - - 504,000 = 20, -^> cubic yards, at 1*.
Excavation between new and old N. pier, 35o x 6 x 85 = 6,500, at5rf.

7,oti8 2 fl

7,085 5 -

1,006 a -

2,405 18 9

400 - -

33.1 15

137 10

75 -

11,403 13 U

1,880
155

2,035

143 1& -

1,044 8 -
114 15 5

2,302 18 b

595-

DD3

^ Dredging;

'W"i

lioivi

208 PAPKIIS RELATING TO

l)re'i(;ing; one half of which may posxil'lv !« required, perhaps more; but snp|KisiiijT ,t
neccHiiarv to open the navigation at once to 10 feet water :—

2.%ofeet X 110 X 'J = A:>,ono

475 „ X l-jo X H = 4:.«,oo(t

nno „ X »(• X lt» = •J7ii,oo(i

700 „ X 80 X :, = .;h(i,o(io

Cubic feet - - 1, Ofil, 000 rr 3»,2i)rt cubic yards, at 1«. - - £. l,!Mi4 10

ABSTRACT.

Cost of constnictin}^ the nortli jiier . - - . -
Ditto ditt<i soiitli pier . . - . .

Fillini; spare between new and old soutli piers and sea wall -

Himioviiin olil north pier ...---.

KxcavatioM and dreduini; for north pier - . - .

Dred^'iiii: between |)iers .......

I'ier li^;lit on south pier, with bell and inaciiinery - - .

Moorini:-l)osts, U!0 at 10.«. ... ...

Iron for bolls, ice. ....--..

Ferry-boiit and maehitierv ..-----

It it should be necessary hereafter to build a bridge instead of tht
ad.l - -

And if it should not be found practicable to drive piles for forming
tion of the north |)icr as herein estimated, add for crib-work

Erecting a new lighthouse on the beach ....

Toll-collector's and bridge-keeper's house . - . -

Add for SI periiitendence and contingencies, 20 percent.

ferry,
a por-

£.

7,lMiH

n,ii;:t
'2,'Vjr,
•2,o;i:.
2, 4.1 2
2,1 r.;}

.300
80

500
&00

aoo - -

J. </.

2 <;

1 .1

M -

IH 5

16 -

y;i5

000
300

£. 32,0H1
- I 6,41(i

£. 3H,.')00 -

N}te. — The estimate made by me, dated 9 July 1841, was for a canal

close to the mouth of the old canal, and amounting to £. 43,890 12 -
The estimate this date 38,500 - 8

Savi

- f. 5,39(5 11 4

Kingston,
13 March 1843.

(signed) Samuel Keefer,

Engineer to the Board of Works.

(No. 9.)
Rideau a.nd Otta\va Canals.

Statement of all Monies received as Toils on the Rideau and Ottawa Canals in each of
the years 1840 to 1842, both inclusive, distintruishing the Amount from each Canal, in
each year, as per Returns, dated Uytown, 20 May, and Carillon, 18 May 1843.

Years.

Total

1840.

1H41.

1842.

Halifax Ciirreiicy.

Rideau -
Ottawa -

£.

£. s. d.

8,880 15 1

3,880 5 9

£. S.
8,707 18

4,174 10

d.
3

£. s.
9,218

5,794 12

£. s. d.
20,800 19 Hi

13,849 14

Total - -

12,701 - 10

12,882 15

15,' 12 18

40,050 14 6|

Office of Ordnance, Head Quarters, \
Montreal, 27 May 1843. J

To the Chief Secretary, Sic, &c., &c. Kingston.

J, Ti^soii,

Ord. Store'.

■2i».

PUBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

■JO*J

L O A N S.

— No. 3G. —

CONTRACTS FOR THK CA.NADA LOAN.

Wliitclmll, Trt'Hsirry Cliiiiiilxrs, 10 Docpinbrr 18.12. No. 36.

Wk hrrehy pnirajje with llic IaihIs Coiiiiiiissioiurs of Hit Majesty'^ Tifanury, to tuke Cnntractj for the
CniiiKln MoiuN or I)i'l>riiturj'S Cor the sum of 2!t.'>,l'0n/. oC the loan for ;«(K>,0{M(/. now iiro- ('uii.ida Loan.
p)scil to l)c niiTil nniliT the authority of llip Act filth and sixth Victoriii, cap. 11H, niti-
inlcd, " An Act lor ixuriiilccuii: the i'aynicnt of the Intcn-st on a Loan of One nnllion
Five liundrctl thousuiul I'cMnds, to 1)0 rui.Ht-d by the I'rovince of ( 'anada ;" antl the Act of
tlie same year of Her Majesty's reit;n, of the Leijislature of tlie I'rovince of Canada, inti-
tuled, " An .-Xct to aiitliori'/.e the raisinj; hy way of Loan in Kii'.'land, tlie sum of (hie uiillion
Five liiindred thousand Pounds sterlini;, for the construction and coni|iletion of certain
Pul)lic Works in Canada;" and for every U)(l/. contained in tlie dpheiitiircs to he issued
under the authority of the alH)venieiitioiie(l Acts to imy at the rate of Kik/ , the whole to be
paid in moieties; the first moiety to be paid on or beiore the "J'.'d day of December l»4i,

f'"" .,....-, ...^ - -~^. — — I -. -- -.- —

and the remaining moiety on or before the Utii day of January 1H.|3.

(signed)

Mauberi ^ Salheld.

Whitehall, Treasury Chambers, 19 Dercmbtsr 1S42.
I HEREBY Pnga};e with tne Lords Coniniissioners o( Her .Majesty's Treasury, to fake
Canada IJonds or Debentures for the sum of A, (100/. of the loan for 300,000 /. now proposed
to be raised under the authority of the Act of the fifth and sixth Victoria, c. IIH, intituled,
" An Act for guaranteeing the Payment of the Interest on a Loan of One million Five hun-
dred thousand Pounds, to be raised by the Province of Canada ;" and the Act of the same
year of Her Majesty's reign of the Legislature of the Province of Canada, intituled, '' An Act
to authorize the raising by way of Loan in England, the sum of One million Five hundred
thousand Pounds sterling, for the construction and completion of certain Public Works in
Canada;" and for every 100/. contained in the debentures to be issued under the authority
of the abovemcntioned Acts, to pay at the rate of lio/. 'is. (UJ., the whole to be paid in
moieties; the first moiety to be paid on or before the '22d day of December 1812, and the
remaining moiety on or before wiie nth day of January lH4i).

(signed) ^1. Sliu-nrt.

— No. 37.—
ACCOUNT of the Payments made on account of the Canada Loan.
The Lords ComniissioniTK of Her Mnjcsty'n Treasury, " Cnnnda .Aircnry Aceount," in Account p 1

account of the

1843:
May 9

Current with tliu Governor and Company of tlie Bank of England.

Dra.

Crs.

To Cash paitl to this day, for
Suuilry Dills of Exrhange,
drawn on and ai*i.L'|iU>il by
ordtr of the Lordf Conuuis-
Bionem of Her Majettty's
Treaniiry - - •

To Cash paid Messrs. Perkins,
Bacon and Peteh, for en-
graving and printing dulK'n-
tares - . . .

To Balance - . _

S.B. Bills of FTchange

drawn on and arcepted by
order of the Lords Comniis-
sioners of Her Majesty's
Treasury, but oot yet at
maturity - ' £.

I. d.

207,876 - 6

151 12 3
116,578 12 3

324,106 5

56,250

Bank of England, 10 May 1843.

1842:
Dec. 22 -

1843:
Jan. 9

May 9

By Casli received, being the
tint liiMtahnent on the Loan
contracted fur Canada

By Cash, being the second
Instalment on ditto •

By Balance

Canada Loan.

162,053 3

162,053 2 6

324.106 5 .

116,578 12 3

M. Marshall, Chief C.ishiei .

595-

D D 4

3in

PAPERS: PIBLIC WORKS (CANADA).

No. 38.

Letter iVum
C. E. Trevelvttn,
t(q., to J. hit-
phtn, Em].
It .'iil> 1843.

— No. :i8.—

Cory of a LKTl'lCR from C. A'. Trecelynu, Esq., to J. Stephen, Esq.
Sir. Tn-asury Chambers, 11 July 1>*4;5.

I ;»M cominaii led I)y tlic Lnnls Cotnmi«->-ionrrs of llcr .Maji-sty's TrcMsiiry to
ac(|iinint you for tin- iiiforiusition of l,oril Stanley, and in order t!i:it tlie re(|ui-
8ite notificatinn may lie made to tlie (iuveniinent of Canada, tliat in furtlier
pursuanee of the ariiin^'ements for raisiiijj the sum of l,r)(h»,tl(H>/. hy way of hian
for the construction of Puhhc Works in tliat Cel' iiy, my Lords liav<' accepted
tenders for the jnirchase of furthir Debentures for ytMM'Od/. in tlie ffdlowin;,'
proportions; viz., ftCMlOO/., at lOJl/. 1 .?. jur cent., producinj,'r)4,5'2r>/.; and 2nO,<MIO/.
at 100/. per cent., producing tJ7!2,r)0()/. ; and tiiat the pniduce thereof, amountin;^
to y^r.O-'i)/, will be paid to the credit of the Canada Loan run<l Account at tho
Bank of En;fland.

I am fiirtlier to ro(]uest that you will move Lord Stanley to give the necessary
directions for apprizing the (Jovernor-general of Canada, that the debentures
thus about to lie issued, will bear interest at the rate 01' fourjter cent, per annum
from the 1st instan' to be jmid half-yearly, the first instalmei\t of such interest
therefore becoming duo on the 1st of January 1844.

I am, &c.

(signed) C. E. Trcvclyan.

lAP

n, Fsq.

July isj;;.

"s Trc;iMin ti»
i:it tlic r(M|ui-
liiit ill fiirtljcr
l»y wiiy of loiin
mvc ac(M'|itc(I

tllC fi»||f)\vi?|ir

aii(l'25(MM»0/.

of, niiioiiiitiii^

Account at tlu)

till' IICOOSSUI'V

le (Ic'bfiitiircs

lit. ])cr aiiiiuiii

sucli intert'st

'. Trcvehjan.

.}lkV

Saa/fine Mar ^

R l^

'v<^

^iM•>^>^.

r-r Hrtmft

^•

J^'

-r-t- ^■"*'-c;Vv.

J^w^^^.'

^'t"".!-

m^mitqi'tn/t

~7 ftittn 1^

I /

. ' 'v .'

V./iWf/'i'w'"'*-^

^y-^v

■^•v.;^-<^

>:.v

^-<fr*

,/'',,

'•' .^ /X' 1> AT-

It- '

Dirfir \

Belfast

PAFKKS Rr.I.ATINO TO PIBLM WORKS t V.VAI> A >

^JSddlebcur

^ \~^\S \iyZ/> *vHC^ ^ '^ "^ « o N T A « ^ I M p*^ ,, .

,*"''

.<(''"

CnvOj/J,

, ■ lln/in „ . — _

^)iiaitY

fl'a/tr/t t «J Vfc

\ IfSlumealHiis

ItllflC

)iptr.iU'»

Sci-vith f\ I

Mk-'

"/>■

0*n*nf,fmm,

•fS

5-*, //v-t".'

-;■> ~V % '-^

A/,..»7//

undtii^ti

Biver RichfU:
Bivet Ottawvi

famtl
banhuv?

^r"-" CANADA

SHEWIXC GENERALLY
THE SEVERAL F! BLIC WORKS rOMPI.ETEO OR NO\|lN PROGRESS*

Asembraord ft authorised by lir'& ^Vietoni*- CafS^

Also
EXHIBITING THE OiFFERENT LINES OF ROADS UNDERTAKEN BY THE R*ECTIVE DISTRICTS

-/;'1^'E,i^H«rlar

BuibtifitonBi

bitciiuilWat

tiTeucasIlt bwli
Hirliouis 0- Li]

B»y of ("h»leu

(fOst'ordRoiui

MaiuNmlhci-

L CWa/u tvL.i

Majti h'"vuK
Ci/f^n- tc Jtnk
Pert Sa/nia
Building of.

Ca.fctulf.i-RMii
Louden. 4 Sar
rjondcn diUrm
LmdcntoSi'.m,
he/stburfi .
Hamiitm /{Piv
Mil/'nrvRcaa

inif

*v iiii^" ■* '

M:>i^i!

>■

■W''

,y/l)f,trr( V-

!•< b

EDILE KXPLANATORVOF THK ahSTfcHF THK SFA F,K.\ri WORKS SHEWN IX CANADA

Re,\'fifdn'f h'd k )t

Xutur, v/fJifllirA- ';^^i^!^:Xt.lZ

t 'I.I

l;tl

'l„riiii

..)\

•J'rj.

t.u

alfrrS

u 1

fiOft

.„/,

tnitU A^\

mill'

,a.

«.M

fy\

A' I /,'/:)////!/ r i'"iitrarli'

^a/rrittf* e/Uir^i >*ift
HI fftf ymtw I T

lj/ur,r\i

iett;

OIJ-

CodB

LtiJif STfltr.

LatJinul'anaJ
Bt/iiiAnrritKi f'li/uiJ

' CirnuiiU (it/Ill/

\l'rcsirll U DifAm.mu Landiiiii

Wellaud (".tiiai

.iini'tiiil.f in /'< //////.I MtitlAtj Ii'unih\
\ ' \Strrluui

V r,v.rco\ s

*'■'■* n*l\f,run
imrtll\ut,u W
fiita Ta^Am*

Ivliiiilx

uMie

J (>,W

Sli nttituft« I itrrr^ni.'' • the ihtiH/'ti'i'
I ri'tm in, (!,>!.. /^nfUjnpir j' fim'l'l M.VI'C

Eu^nrynnillt . ' l.uiaj ■i2.tj'l<'\ilie,6i«

'lfl\flVi'tl'^ii rl liijiili A ilii ui '/(/J I

(itnui .ffilur r t tu.iiiiilr '^tlf>ht.\ I '.'.M.'tCOyi
tmipi^litlt it thlmi It: iHTui 1

thf Lciui 'y-iuff liOfH't* ;; f'}

''ei\.'i>Uttf', ijr I't-k^i khili Ijj/uiJfV I

fl mnii iJu I'i'/rfi' luMih tlitt "ll'h l.tl„1ll 'Tlv /*.«.///«*< '/ r/f,:r, itr-rid-

For'tltj f Ijiiimtj J

HfffnxtfiitflfiH / ai/tli^m \
of l/it fiinal - I \i-urri<

Maiivbai'

fRESSj

DISTRICTS.

Hiver Richflieu

River Ottawa.

BuiliinilonBa.y

biteitial Watf 1 >^ /k cfthe\

NtHcastU Hi^fiirt. )

Haihouts «• Light Houses /i,

Ron ds Utuiuui tJtrrOU f

Bay ol'("h*lcurs Road
(lOistbrdRoaii
Main Norltici 11 Roaii/rtivi^
L Ontiifu ivLHufon

Main h'lVUKe Road
C'lie^n- UJmfifr.ftiufifff
Pert Siunia ri/.
BuittUtuf ir'Jr/rieifAy

Cwf etui f.t Road

Louden SfA'iiriiiii /i'cad
London ti,BrnnOl'rd HjouaI
Donden tcSimdn't/ fi . i Am

ht/stbimi

Hanidftn I^Pcrt Dever
Miljtnrv Road I'vm the Ot\
tauii to rlir y' i iiurriuv I '

^lHu.

r» ijim-f /cyto/v./

Iilll>2

I '

1 ,

l^rii>d.y iiTi'nip/ttivn

TrrlAe i»jW/ WAnt

htmi^ti

III 7ir

OmfMJ

limpi^ti

If.'lH

i/fue

tttiif

u'l li^ /jiririi^ I'f tttilliu/i4 !.iirtl 'U^
••In Ihmuih l..tkt .^"har, ana

'Z >•• .'sti-r Uu liutmit tthMH K'ltH Jifitt it'ynttr.
Kl I'll <• iildi III irllim , j''/y>i'H i'lr 1.
t, .i.iaj fi'i ntiu iy '^Ci'trng **iiA .'*/*

XOmfllkd fnrnJi

'a itVw mil

tiff itxiw hiiiut nioriui out t Ou ru

uO.i.lXtO

tf.tis I >##*« ' 'ioaeoc

mnitUx

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niiuh \ u6

imuie 1

lOi.-xii Mu3*!ji

'/•w Vltiplk etuutft en Un ilU-r

2i:i.h'(. ■),..

/I'lalll/r/li-n !■/ / Lrr^ l-.'i.un
tf irifCimf tAf niiliur/tin ' i' \ . '.'.I.OCC
S'Oiuv:. ..

Rt/'UilibfU/ J-ia- ^riJifM iriaiiiiil\
(vntilrii b\(}!'t\:t-i,,i/,i,-i{rl
wi/ II 'tiipnuun dliA '.','iiri > Zf.r/)i'
lifiii/i ; 14/1^0 lyiiulror/it^t' ri'i-tii/r^}
t-i'Mvuiliv U fn/"\oU' lA' /alr^
Ay traeli ...

trirntr/riu/ion f ailaniniiuib 1
ilfhtCtund -. S jSijui

Cinfiructiin rt'iSiidtA and I

Lcdoslf .unulioaji.!. --- ] \SuCVO\ iOCtC \ S.no.i ■''■Itfu Zlt.tl.iYprtfiv^^i-'-l'Jn \ tC'i-^ "-"
Ccnoinir/itn lirepaircfBar-boiinfi

irfftWi/UqhtHeioifslrirn.iriii , I^XCC 1U.W0 -j 'SO
Hciuia.

leas

UM IC SAd '"-'«''■<' //(,,,, l«Li IfuJ JSa^
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fnc^rtgi

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iiif/ui.ns 1' t/ii I' I'i iii-'T iit-i' iidaft 1
'V<y ti /Jif huqt Eri'-Ai'n prpptliffyj |
H^liJl nr» It; fjmtfa/ii f'^lirtnll^ |
f/ir htjOni TriiJf. j

Thu itrrk ml/ urn fit tAi X^Ufilllm
iiMJliai/i ti Oli'hrc '

(1^114 urrk M
Orini Li All!

Th/ BrtdftJto hf fiiii/t tiu ifai Iht
iSlitU^ fl ie rmiiytii lAf riiitnvaf
. ' / thr lumhrr lu/rl ■ ^fmnii

Khe iJJ wrri ttfurtd jra^U prt ■
nl itit/ucUrn U th/ S'laiiiatuin

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Com/Mim "f duAtfiid IS.OOC'^ lu-if-ij

C'lufilt/jiii rr iht Hvad ■ - I('.i0c\ 9.2«>V

Evfensicii iind umfMun. c/'j!
tJit Scad- ) ^c.iov le-isn

1.,1c9

i:.l>l>l/ I .iS./'fC I

lie I H.-zee

iv.r ,.V^
•/30ili

£iuMtni]BricL/e mtr UuKitv.r
Ann f.VTft liiiij. BtUu'itiii li
S'Miaainlieiitt.lAircimplivn gitlt. | 3.,.Cno JZ,ul<C
kiu ■■(ttrJHuw IICf^CfjUiM lu.M I

CnmpblUin a/^t/uKrad ■ . — \ ii.coo \ lu-uss

CperunfiUnm^/tintf ■ li.Ke \lS.S29

OimftliiMn . . -

Cpmiru^i^eomfHrlivn-

Ccmfdffiifn

3S.000 uM'7

■le.coe 3u,3To
Scru -ja.ew

I.M9 I -J/J

1.2:9 m

■/s/'ir

■t .173
I3S29

■i.ij 1 r.M I Jj,.»7,5

2.7«

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loiiii.^

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d'

M /.5/'

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J6133

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l^.lU

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t«ua

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t/tuJ ; IfaS
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]thtllrard ol' H^rka fyt prerad

\ng with diu tnrk hart ntt j/tt

hifA, mndc-

I'lrr C'lnpliticii iftAieje wcrkt *f <V
lh£ ultnest 1 1 ruf'iflimrf * that U
tiihy net / ut flftdf/i IH t^ni ujin-
innidJ)' in/'ndtd. is cvinq ttthc
diigi in thi nungr iirra/ufaiunlr

JU of (Mm* are ruw at prtjruv

lf..3 IflUi.

leui ifud

KuU \

tSmj tfiiii |/V.<r turkf MTe rwt afUiiuUti4r
iy^rh'iUaiv iii't.finin^htfn tm •
tiraifd cuncny fhpse recemmi'id'
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