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i
CilATHAM, July 0, 1870
MV DlOAU SlK,
I hin"i' just vcceivc'd llu' lu'iowilh iMulosod, rrom Jl. Littlk,
listi. His ht'Oin.s to be a very hiii'd case, and I Jo trust ihat thi> Govoni-
mriit will act promptly in the preiiiist's. Without a shadow of doiil)t, iho
spot Nvhcri' Mr. Little's jStcaiu liargn and Wood Scow wi^ii' seized, was
vvithiii the (.'anadian lioiuii'ary l,ine : ,Sec Commissioners Porter and
Barclay's Tteport, made \^i'J.. The I'eeliui;- here, in eoiiuexion with this
ijtitvs'^c v}i our shipping', is iiUen.n:. !)'■ so kiud as io advise lue oi iho
Govoriiment's action, as soon as couvenieni.
I have, &c..
IIUFU^ STEPHENSON.
Hon. .1 ('. AiKi.N'.-,
Secretary ol State.
Otiawa
Of Facts,— with lolcrouc./ fo thu Siizuro ol' the Slonm I!a.i,n> 1vi:imh:ki;
111 Wallaccburu-, al the. ;St. Clair Flats, also I lie Woutl ]{ar<ri- ('.v.Mi'i!Kl,li.
Ul. 'I'lio B-Md BiU'gi-s urn nwiifl liv llirim l.iltlo. "I \\'iill:ieeliui!;, in llic I'oiiuiv "I Ki'iit
.iii'l I'roviiu'o of UuUuio.
Lliiil. Till' iiiut Steiini Bill-go is twonty-lliroo tuns liiiii|p;i, ]iriii.oll«(l lj_v .-i riopcllc":' Stoiiiu
ICngiiio, I- of tUe v.iluo of j!L'..'iOi), tlip sa'uI W'oml B.iiTo is of thi' vulueof j'Jin.
.'inl. Tlml ill? s li.l SU'iim iiiut Wood B;ii-^('3 took on :i I'lrgo of conlvv ,Oi|. :,t. tin- liivor
Syli'iiliiim, ill till' Coiinly of Kent, to lie (lisi'li.u-gi>il iit the SI. i luir l"fit<, nl llie Woiks. or
I '.mill now ill cuuiKe of oou^tiui-tioii, l.y .loliii r'niwii. for ami on iii'foiuil of Ui'j .Aiiicrifiin
'ioveinnient.
^lli. 'I liiit on Mon<t:vy, llio tueiity siMli day of .liin« In-,! pi.^l, llie snid two Biii'jj.'s urrived
lit tlio f'anal or I'liannel now in rovusP of I'on.'slnKjiion, lui I on the wosti'vly .-idn tliorei.'f di>-
cliirj-'cd tli(!ii' cugo of con.lwood, which wooil was for tlio said Brown, and to ho usod for and
in thiM'onsti'Uction of :,ai(i Cannl, the wiid two oargoe.s amounting to lifty eight ooids.
,1th. riiat, whih^ the said liirges wore in the aot oi'discliai-ging tli. ii' cargo, thieo Kcvcnuo
(Mli.',or.s from tlio City of Detroit, in the Stito of .Michigan, soi/od the .'?ai<l two IJargos ;nid
their caigo. and on thi twentyseveiitli day of .iiiiir, I.eing the ni'xl day after tlio aei/.nre, the
Miid Iliium Little jiroceodid from Wallarelinrg to wluire t.'io wiid iiirgos were soi/.ed. mid,
u|ioii arriving then', was arrested hy the .said otiieial.s : .md he. ar 1 tin: .said li.irge.s. and the men
ill his (Little's) emidoy, were taken to tliu I'ity of Uotioit imder tlio I'h irge of Mimggliiig
u<.o.|.
lilli. I'll It iiiioii arriving al iJolroit. ,i Shi]i Ke.'|ioi' wis jiut in rliarge hj .Mr. .haoinr, the
i.'olU'clor of i;iistom».
7tli. I'hal the said (,'oUeclorof the. I'Ort of Detroit. .<ngg«<ted lli.it BoiicU should he givrii
to the amount of ji.'j,(iiKi,— ifj.'xii) heing lor the Barges and *.")i«l for cosis. .-Xfter eoiisidnrahlH
dilli -ulty, I procured the necessary Bondsmen, :ni I leloised m\ ■■ n I Bilges, and as to my-elf
— 1 was released without hail.
.sit!;. Thai I .Tii; a hist' 1 .md Imlieve, I'pan ,.|ip i,i>;t niioriiiaiion liiat I can olii.uii iiom
t hart" used fv mariners navigating the liivers and Lakes, and on reference to the h'eport ol
the joint (.'(immission of Messrs. Barcliiy and Porter, hearing ilale in the year 1**:22, that iny sai 1
Ji'.irges were discharging their c.irgoes,— and were seized -within I'ain.dian Territory: and in
order the Letter to undei-stanil theiiosilionofthe said (.'aiiiil ortJIinnU' 1. and the iio.sllionof naid
Jjarge-s when seized, 1 have caused a Diiigrani thereof to bo made and iume>.'d hereto.
yth. 'I'hat the .said I anal or I'haiuiel is not completed, and is only used L.y craftR supplying
material used in the construction thereol ; and that the principal part or portion of the mate
rial used in the construction of sairl I'aiial has heen pro.nirud in Caniuln, and until the occur-
I'eiico aforesaid no duty his hocn demai'dad thereon.
Dated at Wallace!, urg this Ith day of .luly, .\. D., IH70.
IIIKA.M LIITLK.
i;i'Ki:s siEriiiiNM/.N, i;.,,., m. i' ,
I, luM-f*(vi1]i, .-^iiml yiii :i |il'iiti Si;itoiD(MiL "f I'acl: rrllivu to tht^ unjust ^oi/.uii'Ol
lliv ttt'i fl-iigps I'V llio Ainei'ionii ntlu'ials iit llie St. (.'V.dr Kluls, ami I lie;; tliaL jou will, at. Ilif
I'lrliost tiioji^'iit i.fis.-iMi', lay tlie. uiiltPr lel'ore tlii; Uovoriiijifiil of lliu Lioiniiitoii, ami souk
liji' lue tlio r^ ilross which 1 llmik inyclf jubtly eiuill>!<l.
1 aiu, ,Str,
\0Mv null, '^pivant,
11. l.riTl.E.
I iTTVvn, l,.i August, l>-7ii.
Sin.
Ill coinivlaiiiif null yi>iir iiislniiMiiins ot liitli nil.. I iM-ii«i.'(Mlfl witlicnil delay, u) ni |\iire
mill till- circiiiiistinicos of tho alli-gi'il .-ciziire "I ilii> steam b.ar^is " Upimlour" ami wooil I'arge
■•t'aiii|ibeU"— with ilji'ir ua.i-goos of wand, tliu proj.n-.rty oC Mr. lliraiu Little, orWiUaw-
I'urgh, hy thp United States Customs authorities at LV'tioil, --and il.sn to a.sa'rtain, .<o I'ar as
1 might bi' able, tho nc'ii.inicy oi' tho boiimuiiT lino >ui dtJUc I between Can ida and the Cnitod
Suites at tho place of seizure, iiiid whether the soizuro was made in .Vmeiican or (.Janadian
waters, \c.
Willi the Gxceinioii of the error of iiaminji! Mond.iy, the lifith of .tunc, im the <liiti -f
si'iziiie--iiist(;aJ of Holiday, the liTtli, as it wius— Mr. Littles " stateiiieiit uf facts in relation
to tho sei/.tire*' of date 'Uh .lulyla.st, m ly be aeeirine.! as corieol. and in cii:i'<ib<ir;Uioii of .same
1 lei; to submit. —
Isi.. Stateiiieni ol' Win. A. .Moore, '.'oiinsellor ai I-a'.v at Detroit, as Ibllows : —
UuTuiiiT, .Inly :itith, Is7u.
(i. MeiUCKUX, I'H..
|||.;.Mi Sii.',
Ill rel'.'rence to ym iii.iuiry of yesi,.rd.iy rel itivi> lo tlu' seizure of ilie sicam barge
■' lii'indeer." vvitii 'J(i oonls wooi' .iiid the b.irge ■' t..'ainiib.dl," wi'li 'M fnwU wood. 1 respect.
fully state as fnllnws :— libels wore tileil aitainsl s lid vessids .anl iv I mi the 'JOth of .luno,
U<7ll, by A. li. ilayiiavd. Es^i , Alt .iiiey of the I'mted Slates lor tho Eastern I'l.trict of Mi-
ehigin, for and on ladrilf of the Iniled Stiles, lUcginj; tint on v.oioiis .lays ill the year I Mi'.',
anl "11 lb" -"til '.>f ,biiie, IM"(i, ami on various days [irior to tho said 2Tth ot June, l.')0 cords
of wood, of the value of .*4lKl, weie imported into the rnited I'^tales upon said barge
" Campbell'' f'"m Ihe i'loiinee ol i intinn. inid were nnlailen without imriint or wit!ioiit
)iaynu-nt of limy, and contrary to liie SUUiiie. I'lnton the 27tli day of .liine, l^vTU, and on
various otiier days dining the yo.o' is7o. an<l on various days during th ■ y,. u Isfi9, 1,')0 cofils
of wooil, of the value of J'UH). wpi" imported on the steam barge ■' keiiideei' from the
rrovinc'' of i Intario without a permit bom the Collector, without payment of duty, and con-
tmry to the. Statutes, 'lint, in both cii.^es, the libel all ,;".• 'hat the ve.« el ami wood are for
leiled to the riiited Stateir.
Doth vessels .and wood, were bond" I iiy ^[r. Ialth\ of WilLaceljurgh.
No answer his yei been liled, liii probably will be by Tuesday next The principal
i|Uestioii seem- to be whether the newly drodged channel aeioss the St. Clair Klalii is in
American nr ' an idiaii iv iters. Any further iiii|uiry 1 shall be plea.«ed to nspoml to.
Kespeetfully vouis,
tSigned) W. A. Mi>MRU,
.\nd 2nil. The stateim'iil il Mr. ''. 11. rennet, ''leik for Jlr. Ih'owii, the contractor for the
I'lUial acrosu Ihe St. Cluir flats, and obtained on tho spot.
J
T?
Iri.T llird, b7(i.
I :ini licHik kcoi'iT li'i' Mr. .loliii Jiniwii- rniitracliir fri' llic ooiisliiu'linn I the St. CI.mij'
I- lius ^lilllf'.lllnl. I'll Moiiiliiy, tlio 'JTIli <)( June liiat, fiiiiacl Suites li. vciiiic < Mlicers. Mrssr».
lilovH anil l.iil'evri', ol' lirtrciU. Micliigiiii, c.iiio to tln' ofllce and inlonni'd mn tliiil llii> liii'l
seized the barge ■• lieindeer" andsenw "Canii'lioU." iirojiorty of >[r. Iljrain Little, of Wall.ue
burgh, Ontario, tojietlier witli their cargoes of wood, which llif y w.'ve unloidin;' on lln- west
pior of this Cfinill, nlso stati'd that thoy had been infoii'ied lliat ,Mr. Wftwu laid
been luuvliaBing his wood ;ind snjiidics in Canada, and demand, 'd a .,t d.eineiit of
all the wood .ind sujiplies and other articles u.sed jii ibe lon.-trnriion I'f tliis
work received lire from i ' imda. t."i Tiiesdav laornini; Mi. l.illle arrived bore from
\V,illaiel,iirf.'li; I wi'iit with him t- the Light House, and had an nilervirw with the
lii'vonuo I Mlicers wli.i made the seizure. >Ir, bittlc i.niu.'ited a).'aiiist tb,' sei/iiie of lii» boats
ill tlie waters of this i 'anal, I'or ihc le.vson that he had ahviiys understood tlial. to the K.a.st of
the Old .sliip I 'li.imifl was on the Cinadiaii -ide of the lioiiudary line, .aud lint be u.'is debM-r-
ing liis wood bore in gooil faith :-tbat be bad a ri/tlit !od.. n. I i-onli.iitui willi Mr, I ililr.
for the ile.livery of this wood, and h.ive iHireha.scd woo.| fmni Iiim oi'cn seasor .siiue this
work I'onimeneid.
flie .jtiesliuii wbelber wooil coming here from ('(tnada was liable for duty has never
been s|iokiii of between us, neither lias theio been any Wevenue o'licer bei. to ask
.my ■|Uestioii» about it l>efore the seizure almve rclerred I... .Mr. Hrowii b.is paid duties on
all scows, maebiiieiy and nil articles used for Iho construction of this work bniUfiht hero I'rom
Canada.
Ibe work has been in ])rogres.s throe years. Mr. I.iltic projiosed to take the beats to
Ali;oii:e., .Miohigni, and h.' would bond thcni uiuil lln' iinestiou wiw settled: (beoili.eis
replied (bat they had no authority to bond them, and that tbey must i.iko them to Detroit.
.\t Ibe leqii. st "f the Iteveniie Dilicers, Mr. Little's men took the boats to Detroit - with .Mr.
1 ittle and the i lilicers on board.
(.Signod,j C. v.. liENNiCTT.
'i'lic .. „;ur.' Ii.iviut; tbcicf ac 1. uii iiiad>i, tb, :i.io.st.ioi. i.f the iigbl ul the I'lii od llVi.^ s
CuKloinsdlHoerstomakeit, turns upon the iiiiOBtion— as .stated by Mr. Moore—" whether tliO
newly dredged ch.iiinid MCro^s tho SI. ''liir 11, its is in (\iueric,in or (.,'iuadiiin Waters."
A pi I limiiiiry examination of this kind, hiving bir its chief ol.jert to .'iscert-iin whether
there arc satisfactory reasons I'or interfpimgoii behalf of the claimant, and early aelion In iii;_'
necessary for his needed r.lief. time is iiit ailorded I'oroblaimng full and precise data for
absolutely determining a boundary lino between two countries; but ,so far as moans and op-
liortunity were atVbnled me, I uive c.i.tiined su.h inform ition m lead> to ,i tlioroii;;li convic-
tion that the new < :aiial now being constructed across the .•>t, CI air Flit- liy the i .overnmeiil,
of the I'nited Ptate.s, and where the seizure of the boats and wood of .Mr. Little was made, is
wholly and umuistake.ibly w;thiii (.'an idiaii w iters.
The tub ,\rticle of the I'reatyof Peace and .Amity between i.ireiit Rrilaiii and the i'mted
Suites ol ;Vmerici, concluded at Ijbenton -Hh Ijecember 181 1, re.ids thus; —
"Wbere.xs, by the former I leaty of Peace that portion of the boun-laryof the I'niteil .*>tateH
from the point where the forty-iil'tli decree of N.irtb latitii le strikes the Kiv.-r Iro |iiois or
CaUiraguy to the Lake I's^ipei'i.ir, w.i> d'ecl ired to be •aloii;^ ibe noidillo of said Uivei iiilo
Likeliiitario tbrou^'b the mid lie ol s.iid l,d;e until it stiikesilie r imaiimicUi^in by wat-u'
between that Like and Lake Erie, thence afnig the middle of .said oommiiniealion into Like
Krie, through the middle of said I/ike until it ai rives at the watei conimuirU alion inio the Lake
Huron, thence tliDUgb Ibe mi Idle ol said Lake to the wvter eonuiiiinic ilioii L.tweRii that
Lake and Lake .'^upeiior, '
• And whereas, doubts have arisen whit wius the middle of the said Kiver, Lakes and
water communications and whether certain islands lying in th" same were within the ilomir.
ions uf His Kritannie MaJ sty or of tiie Kniled .stales: In order, Iher. fore, lin illy to decide
these doiilits, Uicy shall' bo" referred to two I .iinmissionei's, to be appointed, sworn. :ind
authori/ed to act'e.vacily in tin' m inma' diieited witli respect to iliose m.-iitioned m tlio
nei.vt piaceding Article iiiiles« otherwise specibed in tlii,» present .Viticlc
Tlie Slid l''inimi,ssioiieis .-hall, by a re.p.irt or dcclar:itioii under their
hand-i and se:iis. desij/niite ihe boinid-uv through the said Kiver. Lake-' and waler commimi
c,!ition,<. iind decide to ivUich of the two eoutiMctiiig parlies the sever.il i-buids lying within
tlies;iid Kivers, Lakes an 1 waler eianiTiiinic:itions do respeciively belong, in conforinily with
the true intent ot the said froaty ol i hie tlious:ind seven hundred and eiglity tbrec ; and
biitli parties :igreo to consider such designation and decision as liiial :ind conclUBive., And in
the event of the said tw . i 'oiiiiiii,.ionei ■• didi'i ing, or both or either of tbeiii rel'iipiiig, de
dining or wilbilly oniitling to act. -U'h reiiorts, declaiitions or statements, shall be
m.i lo I y them or either ot tliein. and such releien ,e to a friendly .Sover'ign or .Suue sli ,11 be
made in all respects as in the laltci part ol the fourth Article is cent lined and in as lull a
manner as if the same wic; herein lepeated."
iMIIII
In uiconlaiu'o Willi llio Ai't'ilw Mbove (iiiotml, two Coiumisaioncrs wpr« ninjointml— Pfltw
]'.. I'mlor iiiwl Aiitlinny Jilari'liy, rrspMctlvoly, on l.uhiiH' ul' tlio L'nUwl Sinteu ,imi 'iriHl
]3iiti»iM.
I In tlip Istli'l.iy of .luiio iN^iU, tlio »aLcl('()mmiai<ionfM iiulili>iieil their clecimoii which, in so
f;ir :i^ it iill'wts thi" point iit issue, reii'is thus: —
" riicni'p tfi the niiilillc o( tho mouth of th" Pptioit Kivei- in a direction to onter the
chimii I wliic'h ihviJus H'lis-bl.inc unci Sugar i^shuuls; thenw uj. tli« -^uiil chiinnfl to thi! Went
(if I!('i3lil;uu! M^intl anil to tlie Kist of Sinar, Kox and Sumy islu\il<, until it appro.iohcs
I'Mjihtinj; 111- <iieat 'I'urkfy Ishiml : thi'n'.'n iilong lh« \Vc:,i.'ni .^iilc and nc .!• ihc .-June of siiid
list nionlioiied Islnml to" tho iniddl. 'if Uio Itivor nliovi- Iho sanic. ''"lu^n.•l■ iilniM' l' i' m '.i'-^
of -iriiil liivpr. k(!ipini,' to the Sontliemt t'f and no-ir Hog Island, and to the, Niinnw.'Kl of and
no 11 tlin l-iand callHd Ish' a h". l'''''li(' lo Latc-J St. <'l dr; thi-m-r llirifi<Ji tin mi'l,llt' 1/ said hike
irt-n tHrfi-Ji''ii to fnlpr that nfinth <>r ritnm^l of tht Un r N^ (V.i/V, irhii-n (.v H.^iio'hi d iioiiilitatfi'l
the Dill S'liji C/iaitiiil : thence aloiifi; I lin middle, of oidd channel iji'twien Si|uirrel Island «n
the Soiitliuast and Union's [aland on the Northwest, to Iho u]ipci' end of the Ki.-.t menti.nod
Island, Ac, iic."
The aai I doci.sion, having lueii duly nignivl iUid se.dcd l.y the two I'ommissioiierson the
(lute mentioned, hecanie final, and the line of boundary so ik-lined hy them must govern thii?
inijuiry.
The only point upcii ivluoh (a.- it fi).|a'ar.- to nifi; a question could possil.ly he raised, is us
to where the point do.-ignated is ■• the inuuth of th.- <lld Ship Channel" is. If, as -onio would
say, it is in deep water on the upper side of the Flats, then the line woulil lun up through
the Ijuke into the Kiver very nearlv uj.on the line of the new (,'anal and Canada would have
no deep channel of water coiumuniGitiou with the Itiver St. Clair from the hake of that
natuo.
i'he only ground, no far ns 1 have been able to ascertain, that exists favoring tliif. view, is
the fict tint on the " (.;!mrt of St. Cliir Fl.ds. re<lii.'ed from the original survey.- ofCapLun
(ieo. C. Meade, T, E, under the direction (d'l.ii'Ut. Col. J. Knai'riey. T. K., ,Su)ierintcndent of
l/iko Surveys, shewing also the iniproTenient at the mouth of the .South Pass, now being
ell'ected by the Ignited States Bureau of Topographiad Engineer.s, IS.')?," the bound.ary line
is 1 lid down runmiig directly JU-rusa '.1: J Flats I'.trt the deep wat«r of i.ue L;ikc. and very
nearly upon the line of the new Canal ; but so far as I can judge, somewhit Westward of it
still. This lino is lilout two miles to the £,i3tward of the mouth of the channel at present
used as the entrance to ihe .South I'ass, and which I Hiid has generally been known and
accepted as the Old .Ship Channel.
From i.'aptain .lames llackett 1 iibiainod the following Hatement: —
'• I. the undersiL'iied .laines llack.'tt. i'ollowed tjio occupation of a Mariner on the Lakes
for many years. I commenced sailing in the year 1817, and continued in thai line of life until
1 tookciiarge of tlu; la.:,'htliouse on H.n.-.bl.aio [aland in ls;i6, 1 remetnh.M the ch.umel which
was used to p.iss betw.^.-ii the Hiver and th.i bake St. < 'lair over the Fl.ils very w.jll. We
used to comedown a !e I. 'h of aboui a ip.i.u'ter .if .1 mile through about tin. « fathoms water
to the Klb'iw Stikc; th n we lurned sii.irt to the left in about two fithoins w.Uei foi ab.ait
halt a mile to the Bar Stake, where we h nl .iliout ten to twelve feot w.iter. We then pro-
ceiid.'.l on ;wo or three .litlerent courses tlirongli the slalies and m about two fathoms, more
or less, until we readied .lec|i water— say a!>.)ut three fatnoms .uul upw.iids There was no
eh.iiuiel but this one. nii either side of it liie water was only from four to five loet deep.
The .Unci'- ins u-ed to keep the chmnel -1 ik.'d out -this was our guide in tho-e .lays, :i8
wf. had II.) lu.ijis or charts. The channel I hive doacriboil was known as the UKl Ship
( hannel."
(Signe.l.)
,1amks IUckett.
This was ma.le to me at Bois blanc Island, on iith ,Tuly, 1870.
There are several persons known to me, whcise evideir.-o can be obtained, if neeiltd, which
will lie ,(uite as clear an.l pointed ;«< .apUain Uackett's. It maybe remarked als.i, that in
many instances since the .late of the seizure, several .Viiieri .an uewspaiiers have admitteil,
sfime the fact, ami some the po.-sibility, of the (/unl having b,3en constriiotei.l in error within
Canadi.m waters. Th.- following is an c.vtract from the Detroit Trih iiic, ft paper not nn-
Iriendly to the present Oovcrniuoiit of the i;nited States ; —
"The charp.'S of the (.'an. i.liinjoninals respecting the alleged illegil arrest of certain men
"and f'ssels by the .Vm.'ric.in ,iutii.)Mties. at the new Ship Canal being built on the St. Clair
" Flat--, seem to hive .some roundil.on hi fact; ami it is not unlikely that not only arc the
the seizures, but lli.it the Canal itself may be entirely in
Ameiiein authorites wrong in the seizures, but lli.it the Canal itself may be entirely in
ladiau waters, i.nd a grand .lead loss to the Ameriain people, after a great amount of
' Cana
" money has been o.xpeu.lot upon it.'
A iiiiro rdi.'Hit \-\in <•( thfl Cli.rt of iIik SI. ( liiiv Kl«t«, nl' wlml ,\:tlf I .miiI'I u"I ft'i'.'rt;iin,
/;(// ■I'llii «iwir .mri''7/. ani pr^nl'd t'lKiit tli( mini: idale, ilneg not show lli(< lioimdaiv liim con-
timiv'l f>v>^r till- I'luU.- winanliri); the inreimce lli.it tlin oirur in l^i^in^ ilil<<»ii in tliti liiht,
i.*«ue, li.id I'seii iliicovi'ied, mkI tlie con di- thin ui«il« liy exi.uiiging it lioui tli* ~iil.!-e.|iiiiit
i^Miie.
It ray lio remiirke'l Ivre, iliat nil veisol- lniilt > n, or pii(rigc.l in niivifintirin llie l.kci. "I
the WdHt, lire entilleil tu reiv'vc I'lOiu thit otUoe of the '• I.uko .*<urvpy," obiiln of the liaki-n
mill Hiieis, uy^H iiiii'lii'tttiuii.
T
Vi'.v '.i.'i^v.viyv .■/ iiie siiiim pn/wi- iJiOf-i Aift.
tho (.'hivit, roivU Ihuii; —
:t.i I.-,
.•<•' it«.^ to M<= r!is,;gf BMvM /.T
"<iii tiic cM iiiMiin ill til" l..'ik(i Survfy i illj.o l.i>re. tli.' rlottc'l l.oiiml.iry lin^ 'Iop? iitil run
" tlii'iu)ili tlii» 1 liiiiiiiel entirely, I'lit, i'omiii|i down, lir.iniilief oll'fiom the ehiiiiiu'l. wlieie ihn
•' lalter lii:il;ps i (;re:it dol'inr, iimi piucei' Is in -.ilnicst il direct coui'sc. Colli'Win^' the line which
" tin.- lU'W oaiMl now pui.-iio.i. lliil on llii^ inon,' recoiil niips. th' dctted line, siiikmi; 'ti
•' from ilio cii'imel. i* not l. und id nil. ;ind it nTUinly l.nks hb ilicm^di wh.n lliv^e wcro (iro.
'■ li;ire<l it hid I ecnnio known ihii', Ihii line on the old nmii!' did noltinly rejirefent thn
'• l"und '.ry, und it w.is Iplt ii(!!iin to the curving cbnmiel, uncording to tho lernii' of tlie
" trenly. '
111 thii ye.ir IS.'i'i the UovenniKiit of Cuiiivd.v fippiopri.itc!!! |20,0I)0 (twenty thoU8and
doll n>), to :i.i\ in dec |Hning the Hats of i/ike St. (,'lidr.
Ill l!S.5S the money ivii.! oxpcnded, nnJ in the Keport of the Chief Coninilssionor of Public
Work.s iiid the .\^•il.t;ult(.'olnmissioner, Lettor II. dal^sd 17th April, l.S.'iS. I tind tho.^o words : —
" The undersigned prosime th.it the chnnn«l proposed to be improved, and aillcd in tho
" letter of the llo:ird oj Trade 'The Sout'i i,'hanii«l,' is thit known in this I'rov.nco :ia tho
" ' Middle or \V;dpolrt i;hiitinel'. the npper poi-tioii of which i.s th.' I.onnd.ny lino hetwoc^n
"the I'nitel St»te< imd I'l.nadi. and tho lower purt is thro.ijth I'm.idiiii toriilory solely."
This clearly 3liow> thul then the t'iiief and Assi.-.l.int. Commisaioii.r ol Pulilic Works oiilti.
toned no doabl wliUevor thul oven a portion of th-j chinnel iiavig.iti^d, and about two laiLs
west of the ciinal now hniin? oonstruitel, w.ts m O'aua-li.m w.aur.i.
I obtioned a ehart of the moio recent i-ku«>. which I beg to submit herewith. Ou it, is
luid down tile ehinnel now used in navigation.
I have ill licated a? nearly as powsiMo. by a red dotted line, where the boundary ran, aa
laid down on the lir.-l ini-ue; Mnd by a peri^'il line the position ol the new oun.il. This latter is
not given .is e.\.u:t, but suUieiently so to indi;ite its position.
Again, referring to the dcoijion of the Bound.oy Commissioners, I lind these wo^l»: —
•' d ,• deci le and declare that the following described lino (which is more clearly indicated on
'• a series of maps accompanying this Uopon, exhibiting correct surveys nnd delineations of
" .all the riviN, lakes, w.iter coinniiiiiications and islands enibr.iced l^y tli'> 6th Article of tho
" Tre.tty of Uheiit, by .i black line, .-iri-led on the British ^!do with rod, .and on tho Amenoin
" s:(lo witli blue; and e.ich sheet o!' which series of maps is i lontifiod by a cortilicato, sub-
" scribed by the Commissioners, anl by the two principal Surveyors eniployad by them), is
•• tho true boundary intended by the two before luenlionud treaties, that ifc to s..y," .to.
Now a roference to that portion of the, series of maps reloned to by the 1 onnd.iry ''om-
niLSfiionei's shewing the line throngii b.iko .'^t. ')lair. to the mouth of the Old .Ship Channel a.s-
tlien understood and accej.ted by tiie said i 'oninils.>ionors, should readily detormiiie tho ([uos-
tion at issue.
I have not had opportunity of examinaig these m-iiw: thoiigli doubtles.i they are etujily to
bo hid aee.'ss to at \Va.shington and I.onilon, if at any t;me roiuirod. 1 have obtained, how-
ever, .ind heiowith submit a tracing purporting to be a copy of the map of the said Boundary-
lino Conuiii.vionoi's, >liewing the line as they l.iid it down through I.iike St. Clair, ;uid into
" the mouth of the did Shiji Channel," the tracing, ot nhich this is a copy, was furnished by
the Secretary of the r.a.ird of Ti-mle of liulDdo (or by Watson A. Foi, Esip, Chairman of tho
Iiredgiiig Coni.iiittcej in January. 1856., and previous to the lirst issue of the Chart* by Capt.
Mi'ade's surveys.
Assuming. Ib'ii, this tracing to be ii coriecl copy of the map of the Iloundaiy Comminsioii-
ers, — iind there Sfcms to be no reason to doubt itsncur icy ; itappearsiiuiieovidentthat, a.s 1
have already slated, the whole if the I'nnal now lieing constructed, is within Cuindian waters.
This being the cate, JIi. I.iiileis clearly entitled to tho interference of the Goveniment in
hi* behalf.
1 limy I ■■ pciiiiiliHfl, In .■onrlii'.ion, to any I hit tlio tiimliiko in tlie location of the new! 'anal
niroriiiig, ii« i( (l,n',, i1;b i3()ntii'l ol' tlin nmin irtiiy of thn iiivigition of the Wn«tarn l.iikM, in
ono eiiiinunlly loiiuiriiiy pnnnjit ntlention. in oulor tlna liiondly intwicoiirso m ly bo maintjiin-
6(1,— the runtmvl intorostii ot tho two (wniitnos sulworved nnJ swcuieii, and fiui h diffimiltiis ai
tlio future might (Hissilly gii'o rise to avoidod.
I hare the honor lo he,
S,r,
Vour ino^t obedient ilumble aerrnnt,
(I. MoMICKRN.
ir. Bkknaiid, Esy.,
Deputy of the Minuter of Justice,
^-'tlHWIl.
COI'Y «l a i;rii,i,i oj (t Comniillcr "f /If HoiKU-fihlc llir /'/.'/I'V COl Xt'lL,
upiirovnl hfi Jlh KirrlhiK 1/ the duri'mor dimral in I'mimil i>n Ihc -Wlh
TIp' Coimnillfc ol' Coiuici! luivi' h;i(l umlor (■<>iisi<lcnitii>ii tlu' iiiiiifxt'd
IJriM.vi iha.'.! Jilih Anu'usl, ls70, IVimi tlif l>rputy ol tlw' MiiiistiT (O' Jus-
\\w, (•(.n.\irre(l in l.v tl..' Hon. Sir (i.'..r-r.' Kt, CmvIut, m'liiii;' l<.r tli.' Hum.
till' Minislor of Juslici', on an npplication on hihulf ol' Ilinmi I.iitl.', rcs-
nc'lin"- iho sci/.nr.' of two vctiscls h.'ionLrin<? to him, iiml his own arrcsf at
l)rtroirt)v the I'nitod Stiitos nnthoriti.-s. lor iin iilh'-v.l nltcmpl to cvii.l.'
ihi' Ki'Vi'iinp laws of that c.uulrv; and thoy n'.sixM'IfuUy advis,. that thi>
^■.■(.nnn^'ndation.s (•onlainoi in th.> said luiuoxril l{i'i>oits he approved and
adopUid.
[CcrtiiuHl,]
Ch'i-li Viifl Ciiiniril.
DkPAUTMKXT UK .TfHTlCK,
OUaica, Aiigiisl Iblh, IS70.
Tht' undcrsii^ni'd lias th(< honor to rc-port that a complaint has hcen
niatlf liy Mr. K. f;toi)hcnsini, M. 1'., on behalf of Ilirain Littl.', of Wallace-
l.uryh. in the County of Kenl. ui ihe ['rovince, of ^miario, oi an outnitre
.•ommitted upon the latter, and seizure of his property by the Customs
authorities at Detroit,
Frojn the allegation, it would appear that Little carried eerlain (Mnd-
wood to works at the f<t. Clair Flats, now in course of (;onstrue.tioi> ' a
Contractor on account of the CTOvernment of the United States, without at-
ieutii>n to lUe Customs' Uei;rnlatious of the United States.
Mr l.iille alleaes that tii.> pliicp at which he delivered the oordwood,
i^with.u thi' boundaries ot the Dmuinion of Canada, and therefore not
Hubjet.-t to ihe laws of the United States ; and ihal the seizure has bei'U
wv'or.irful, and te. his y;veat dotriiacut.
The petition of >[r. Uiitle was referred to Mr. McMieken, Commis-
sioner of i'olice, who proieetb'd to make empdry into the circumstances of
the case, and a full rej)ort on the subject is submitted by him herewith.
Tl.
L'ts appear to be as follows ;
Hiram Little, bein<r the owner of the Steam Barpe "lieindeor" and
wood IJurcre "Campbell," was proceedin;.'- with the same with cord-wood
taken on at the Kiver Sydeidnun, in the County of Ivent, to be discharirod
at the St. Clair Flats at ihe works or Canal now in course of construction
by one John lirown, lor the (io\ ernment of the United States. The Steam
Bnvfe, Ueiim- i2:{ tons burden proiielled by a propeller Steam F^ntriue, is of
the value of §2,300 00, and the wood Barije, of the value of $200.00.
Tliiit on th.' JTth .liiiu' laM, tli.' ISiiruvs avnvcd at the Chaiuu'l and
disiliiiv'vd llu'iv cavuo lor thr Contractor Brown, lb r usi' in thi' construc-
tion oC liis work ; iind that whilst so doinii', tlirce Wcvcmic OlHct'Vfs Irom
Detroit, seized the two l^aru'cs and tlieir caiiro, nnd the t()llowini>' day sci/od
Hiram Lilt!. ■ tiiniM-U ; and he and the Harucs and the men in his employ
were taken to Petroit I'cr smne-;i'lini? wood ; a)id a .^hip-kcepcr was put in
ehar!,'e hy tlie Collector ofCn^^lonis at Detroit.
Tli;it the C(plleetor suiii-csled thai lloiids ^^honld !ic irivcn to thp ainoiuit
ol'$:l,i'ii(>, heme- Ali, ')<><> for ihe Jlnuesand $-iiMi I'or costs, npon 'rivin:;' which
the lla''u-es were rclca.sed. l.uuc: laniseii" \\ as reieased withovil liail.
Tl appear.'; further, that libels have hecn liled au'iiinst the vessels and
wood by the U. S. Disirici Attorney of Michigan, which allege that the
same arc Ibrl'eit. d to the I'niicd Slates.
Thi' iM)int which i-^ ur-'cd o)i behall' of Mr. Little is. in I'act, whether
the newK drcdued Channel a.'Voss ihe r<t. Chur Flats is in American or
Canadian walers, I'pon this point. Mr. McMicken stales that he has
ol)lained such intbrnialion as leads i.o a ihcn'ouyh conviction that the new
Channel now beini;' eonstructcil by the Covevnnient of the United States,
and where the seizure of ihi' boat's and wood was made, is wholly and
unmistakcably wiihin Canadian waters. He refers to the lith artich- of the
Treaty <d' Ghent, of Ihe •J4lh December 1^14, and the reference thereunder
to two Commissioners to .settle ihe boundaries alluded t(j in that article
and \\hie.h would govern this (piesiion.
Messrs. Porter and IVir.'lav Wi>re aecordinirly appninti'd for the Tnited
Slates and lin-at liiitain respectivelv. and on Ihe iMh .lune. lS-_'2, they
publi.sh<'d iheir (h'cision.and it is .submit I e'd that the hue ol boundary the'ii
established by Ihein, ami whi.'h is set out in Mr. McMicken's Keport, is
that by which this (juestion slioukl lie troveriie<l.
It will be seen that Mr. McMicUon says tliai some question may po.ssibly
be raised as to the iioiiii .b'sieiiated liv 'the Commis.sion.Ts as "the inouth
of the old Ship Chaiimd," but thai such view eouhl only bo supported by
Vi-leiviRe to a I'hari, to which he make.- .illiLsioii. and the division line <if
the Flats inarki'd lhere,,ii, and which Mr. McMickeii believes must
have l)een mad.' after the award o| the Commissioners in IN^-J.
As to the view of the boundarv line which has been taken by Canada
hitherto, the same is referred to in" the Rep.nl of tile Chief Commi.ssioiier
of Publie Works of l>'r>S. under which certain money to be expended by
the Uoveniineiit of Canada was, the C.nnmi-siinn'r presumed, to be for the
channel " proposed to be improved, and called m th,' letter of the Hoard ot
Trade. ' The South t'hannel,' or that known in ihis I'rovini.'e .as the ■ Middle
or Walpole Channel,' the upper portion of which is the boundary line
b.'tween the I'liited St.ites and Canada, and the lower part is through
Canailian territory sol.'ly."
No d')nbl, 1 wever. should exist on this point, inasmuch as the decision
of Ihe Boumlar. ('(unmissioners is given in precLse wm-ds. and in wdiich
Ihev speak of a series of maps exhibitiiiii- surveys of all the riv^u's. lakes
imd water commiiiiicaiions. ,Vc.. embia.'od by the (jth article of the Treaty
oiChenI bv a b,'a. k Inie .dia.bd i;; ihe Br^li-h side with K'ed. and on the
Ami'riean side with lUiie. sub.scribed by th,' Coiiiiuissionei's and piin.'ipal
Survevors; and .Mich is spoken of by them as the true boundary intended.
It a)ip".'ars'iinp is.sible at this uiouu'ilt to obtain a cop_\ ol that U'eport or of
the plans atlae!ie,l llo'relo
D will be ,ib,s,rvi.,l thai .Mr. M, .\liekeii .'oni'liidcs his report tiy stating
"that the mistake bv the C,overnmeiil of llu' Inite.l Slal.s in t!ie location
of Ihe new Canal, alh'itine', as it d.ies, the control of Ihe main arter\ ol the
Western Ijakes, is <me einiiieiitlv rcjiiiring promi)i atti'iilion, in >)rd,'r that
fni'iidlv intercourse mav be mamtaiiu'd ihi' miiiual iiit.'resis of the hvo
countries subs.'rved aiii'l si'cnred, and such diilicullies as the future might
pos.,ibly give rise to, avoided."
The undersigned lias Ihciefore the liouor to sltggest that the Co-
10
v,.vnor (lonoval should he requested to communicato, throu-h Ilcr Maifsty's
\ , ist.M- at Washiunion, with th.' Tni....! Stah-s (loy.-rumeul ivpresentint--
h . >a<'ts ronn.M.t.-,! u'ith the sei/t.iv of the st.uitu l.av-^^e and wood baruo,
.1 a with the pergonal avre.s. of the owner Uivam L.tt e , and h.rther
s alu...- that, to save his property, he entered i.tto l.onds on account o
the saiTie; and cUvimin- that as the seizure was mad., and the at . .-t
Hi'oeted on Canadian Territory, the Untied Slates (.ove._nn.ent shmiid is-
e an order lor the, cancellation of the honds eo uuven l.y Mr. l.tttle attd
h ; release irotn any liahility there-under. to hi^tase i an.l h.s stiro tes .
a, d that due compensation shonUl he ,.warded to htm lu respeel, ol the
seizure or the Uarires and of his r "sonal arrest.
The undevsion.Ml lakes the liheitv of suu-restinsx that it is inexpo-
dient to enter into a.tv detail upon the h..undary line quosttoii, or to
!u., otherwise, m communi.attnu' tlie '•■- -^ "- <l™"cnt ol the Imi-
led States, than upim the fac'ts o
(Jaiiadiau Territory.
ol
■^ h.... ..J 1- , .
:iicts to the Croverniuent of the Uni-
Ihe seizure having' heen made on
(Signed)
11. UERNARD,
D M. .1
1 concur in this report
(Signed) (Ua). ET CARTIEK.
Actin"' for the Minister or.Tusti(
WiSDiou, Ontario, Novoralior 22ml, 1870.
UII.BEUr ik'MICKKN. Eskj.,
Vulitc C*//A/rtia3ii/rtcy, /^c, Jtluwa, Om,.
Sii:, I have to report that in acoonliiiic^o with ymu- insli-uctions 1 proceeded on tlie ISth
inst,, ill t]ic <to,im yacht "nndine," ~A' Detioil, to the Kluts of 1/ilce .St. Clair, and made the
Riiivey ot the luc-ition of the Caiiil lately constructed l.y the (lovemment ol the United .States
in the vicinity of the boundary line between the United .States ;:nd Caniulii.
I oomiiienoed by uscerta.iiing the position and bearings of the North Westerly side of the
ohiinuel called the •South Pa.s»" at, and a short distance on each side of the mouth.
By this means I defined a point in the channel bank of the mouth of the "Pass," which I
could rejulily locate on the chart issued by the liuieau of Topographical Engineers of the
I'nitod .'^lates.
I then nrociedcd to lay down a meridian line by an observation of the North .Star on its
Eastern Elongilion, which I look on tii.' I',lth msi., from the North Westerly .sidoof the Canal ;
and from this liiij, in coniioclinn wiili abase hue mea-sured along tho side of the Canal, formed
a seriesortriiuijiles,— from whichlsuliseiiuemlycjd.'ulated the distance and astronomical bear-
ing ol Ak- point at the mouth of the "I'ass' hi relation to the seve ' oints on the sides of the
Canal.
1 also checked the position of the Canal by iisoert lining the true bearing of a line passing
over the Channel b,ank on the Canadian ^ide of the '-Vam" at the extreme Northwesterly
t!iigo of iiie iir.;i! car ra tii it. And on siib.«o.iiio.-itly plotting tlies.j lines on thi Chart aliO^ru
mentionwl, 1 found them to agree with the survey.
'Pile Topography on the Triieings which accompany this report is taken from the Chart Just
inentioned , and the direction find position of theboumlivry lino between the United .States and
( 'Muad I, from a tracing pinporlhig to b,. a true copy of pari of the original map iletining the
boundary line l.otweou the two countries, signed by Messi-s. Barclay anil Porter, and referred to
in their report.
l!y reference to the accompanying Tracings, it will bese.n that the International Boundary
l.iiie passes through a coiner of the Canal at its North Easterly end.
Ihe portion of the t'anal in British waters, consists of a uinicuUir pieo containing an area
of 4l,2.')li ■-.luare feet, ol which the Kast.-ily pier of the ( anal occupies i;.').<l«"l s.iuaro feel. In
other wonls tlic ontermnsl side of the I'leco lies in British waters for a distance of about 750
feet, and the inner side.-a distance of .''iijij feel.
In .arriving at these re Hilts I )iavo assumed— in accordance with your instructions- the
International Boinu! n y lane to be truly laid down on Messrs. Barclay 'Uid Purler's Map, and
the Topography au' I Soundings to lie correctly represented on the United States Chart fur-
iiishod ly you.
1 have 1 ho honor In be. .Sir,
Your obedient servant,
FRED. 1'. FO.STEK,
Provincial Land Surveyor.
13
Ottawa. 3()th November, 1870.
S,, , „.v.. ...B honour to report that, i„ o.,e,liouc« U> your in,truclion» I ^^^^'f^'yif
,s,,,-U..v. II. ,..,vi,.esor ft Boocl ioi.l reli.l.le Surveyor to locte the new
:''^::: :i;:::~ .: ne.r,y ..o,„,tte,., .. ..« aov.rn,v,ent or tUo mU.! St>te«
tiotuil Houndary Line as accurately ns poBsiMe.
I wns fortunate in ...nuing th' -ervU-.e. of Kre.lerick 1. Foster, Es, , of Windsor, Provinehl
, ,. :„ vivor .. «.n,lo.n. , enuuent in his p,.f...on f irreprcchal^.e characWr and haUt,
una enjoying the contidence and esteem of idl who kn, » hun.
llehapvened tobemBoBtonvvh.nIc.dledupon him, l.ut,-reHpondin«tomytele;.^^^^^^
,,,„,":.; ilediately to Canada, and agreeing to undertake the w.k, we proceeded ..thout
lo)>B of time t.acromiilish it.
, ,„ ,he 16t.. instant 1 -ngnged a sm.U stean. yacht to conv. y the S>.veyo. n^K »•
■ , , ,» ,o .he r.nd and early on the 17th we left Detroit m her. After geltms a h" miles
::l::Z ;!::;<e'r were o„uid to .otum, owing to the »evere .torm then prevailing, and .he
ho it proving quite nn-feaworthy.
We procured another «m^ll .teMn yach^-tlie •Undine." of somewhat greater h-ngthot
Ueel'lLving a. otter engine. >" -- ^™.ta,.ed ane. in th<, cou.ec. t^ n^^^^^^^
«ix hour, of a stormy au,Uomewhatd.,ngerous p.vssag.-, arrived at Ihecmal on the M.as,
morning of the 18th.
Kor what was aocompli.shed there, to give effect to your instructions, I hog leave to refer
you to the Report of the t-urveyor herewith sulmi.lted.
rl,,r,outoppor.unityof changing
^t" m^n^; ..g o, the \' th, the dcuds, which during the ni.ht 1 obscured the PoUr .tar,
dis3ip:iled, and Mr. foster obtained an excellent observation.
, ,,u.t what Ins l,een ,loi,e will be found .atislactory, and the expense (a Statement of
.vliich I submit herewith) be considered in Keeping with the closest econon^.
t have the honor to be,
Sir,
Your most obedient humble .Servant,
G. MoMICKEN.
Ijooumonts submitted herewith :—
1st. Ueijort of Surveyor K. L. Foster, Esq.
Und. rian shewing the position and location of the Canal.
3rd. Chart having locdion of Canal laid down tliercon.
4th. Chart of lal.T date from i»me plate but having the boun-
ttiry line wroxe tin l-iau oiiiiteii.
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