o IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-S) J?: ^ U M / A f/. k 1.0 I.I ^ iJil V] VI A^ <* »> •> %^/ ^ %J>i. Photographic ^Sciences Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STREET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14580 (716) 872-4r>03 ^\^^ ^^!# CIHM/iCMK Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Coliection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / tnstitut Canadian de microreproductions historiques 9 Technical and Bibliographic Notat/Notes techniquas at bibliographiquas Tha Instituta haa attamptad to obtain tha baat original copy avallabia fcr filming. Faaturas of thia copy which may ba bibliographlcally uniqua, which may altar any of tha imagaa in tha raprodi':ction, or which may significantly changa tha usual mathod of filming, ara chacked balow. D D D D □ n Colcurad covars/ Couvarture da couittur j I Covars damagad/ Couvertura endommagia Covars raatorad and/or laminatad/ Couvarturta rastauria at/ou palliculAa nCovar titia missing/ La titre da couvarture manque I I Coloured maps/ Cartes g6ographiques an couleur Coloured ink (i.e. other than blue or black)/ Encre de couleur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) Coloured plates and/or illustrations/ Planches et/ou illustrations an couleur Bound with other material/ Reli6 avac d'autres documents '''Ight binding may cause shadows or distortion along interior margin/ La reliure serr6e peut causer de I'ombre ou de la distortion la long de la marge intirieure Blank leaves added during restoration may appeal within the text. Whenever possible, these have been omitted from filming/ II se peut que certaines pages blanches ajoutias lors d'une restauration apparaissent dans la taxte. mais, lorsqiue cela dtait possible, ces pages n'ont pas 6x6 rllmAes. Additional comments:/ Commentaires supplAmantaires: L'Institut a microfilm^ le meilleur exemplaira qu'il lui a 6X6 possibta da sa procurer. Les ditaiis da cat exemplaira qui sont pout-Atre uniques du lEoint de vue bibliographiqua, qui peuvent modifier une image reproduite. ou qui peuvent exiger une modification dans la mAthode normala de filmaga sont indiquto ci-dessous. I I Coloured pagea/ Pages de couleur Pfiiges damaged/ Pages endommagiaa n Pages restored and/or laminated/ Pages restaurtes at/ou pelliculies r—~y Pagea discoloured, stained or foxed/ I "^ Pages d6color6es, tachat6es ou piqu6es I I Pages detached/ Pages ditachdes Showthrough/ Tronsparance Quality of prir Qualit6 inigaia da Timprassion Includes supplementary materii Comprend du material suppl6mentaire r I Showthrough/ j I Quality of print varies/ I I Includes supplementary material/ n Only edition available/ Seule Mition diaponibla Pages wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissues, etc., have been refilmed to ensure the best possible image/ Les pages totnlement ou partiellement obscurcies par un feuiliot d'errata, une pelure, etc., ont 6ti filmdes 6 nouveau de fapon 6 obtenir la meilleure image possible. This item is filmed at the reduction ratio checked below/ Ce document est filmd au tauM de reduction indiquA c^-dessous. 10X 14X 18X 22X 28X XX v^ 12X 16X 20X 24X 28X 32X The copy filmed iiere has been reproduced thanks to the generosity of: Izaait Walton Klllam Mflmorial Library Dalhousie University The innages appearinp here are the best quality possible considering the conuition and legibility of the original copy and in keeping with the filming contract specifications. Original copies in printed paper covers are filmed beginning with the front cover and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, or the back cover when appropriate. All other original copies are filmed beginning on the first page with a printed or illustrated impres- sion, and ending on the last page with a printed or illustrated impression. The last recorded frame on each microfiche shall contain the symbol — •»> (meaning "CON- TINUED"), or the symbol V (meaning "END"), whichever applies. Maps, plates, charts, etc., may be filmed at different reduction ratios. Those too large to be entirely included in one exposure are filmed beginning in the upper left hand corner, left to right and top to bottom, as many frames as required, fhe following diagrams illustrate the method: L'exemplaire film6 fut reproduit grAce A la gAn6rosit6 de: izaak Walton Killam Memorial Library Dalhousie University Les images suivantes ont 6t6 reproduites avec le plus grand soin, compte tenu de la condition at de la netteti de IVixemplairc film6, at en conformity avec les conditions du contrat de filmage. Les exemplaires originuux dont la couverture en papier est imprim^e sent fiim^s en commenpant par le premier plat et en terminant soit par la dornidre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impressicn ou d'illustration, soit par le second plat, salon le cas. Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont filmis en commengant par la premldre page qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'itlustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empi-einte. Un des symboles suivants app^araftra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon le cas: le symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE". le symbols V signifie "PIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent 6tre film^s d des taux de reduction diffdrants. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul clich6. el est film6 d partir de I'angle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche d droite. et de haut en bas. en prenant le nombre d'images n6cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mSthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 / V if^ Section IV, 1888. [ 97 ] Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada. IX. — Cn the Ni/i)ipha:ncea:. By Geokoe Lawson, Ph.D., IjL.D. [lliiiid .May 2', 1888, with Hubsenueiit additions.) Part I. • tilrudure of Vk'tokia recua, J^indK-y. (Abstract.) An acooiiut was given of tho general oouforxiation, anil of the arrangement of tissno sytstenis in the organs, of pUints belonging to the Natural Order Nymplueacew, or Water l^ilies. and of special features in their organization and minute anatomy. The South American \Yater Lily, Victoria regia, liad been, many years ago, fully described and illus- trated, in respect to its general botanical characters and history, successively, by Dr. Lindley, Sir AVilliam .Tacksou Hooker, Mr. Thomas Moore, and the author of the present paper. As regaids its minute structure, it was more carefully studied by M. Planchon, whose researches wt're published in th(» Flore des Serres, Vol. VI, p. 240, eti;., and by M. A. Treeul, who illustrated the more important facts of its structurt^ and development of organs in the Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique, ser. 4, 1, pp. 14o-172. Some of th»? facts well known a quarter of a ("cntury ago seem to be forgotten now. Lately, De Bary, in the "Comparative Anatomy of Phanerogams and Ferns," and .T. II. Blake, of Cambridge, in Balfour's "Annals of Botany," August, 1881, questioned the explanations given of the structure oi the prickh? in the Victoria, so far as regards the nature and function of the ostiole or depression at its apex. The author of the preseiit paper had shown, as long ago as 1855, the true character of these prickles, and that the so-called ostiole had no special function, as had been argued (and inferentially was not patholog- ical, as now suggested by Blake), but that it was " a simi)le depression in the apex of the prickle of no physiological importance," (Proceedings Bot. Soc. Edinburgh, November, 1855.) In the same paper it was shown that the stomatodcs, or perforations of the leaf, were not mere holes caused by insects, as argued by Treeul, and now accepted on his statement by Blake, but special structvres of uniform size, formed by a surround- ing margin of modified t-ells ; further, that they were comparable with the more com- plett; reduction of parenchymatous tissue seen in many submerged plants, and especially in Otfvirandra feneslralis ; moreover, their probable special function, as a contrivance for securing the drainage of water from the upper surface of the gigantic, tray-like leaf, with upturned margin, was indicated. A series of large, coloui'ed drawings, illustrating the ruicroscopical structure of the Sec. IV, 1888. 13. N^^.;^l ^ t- vy 98 fJKOIMiE LAW80N Victoria regin was shown. Th»'8(^ drawings woro prcparcrl l)y Ur. Liivvson, from observa- tions made imrlly on Ihc Royal Walcr Lily that was so sui-ccssruUy grown in an open air pond, in Kniglil, and Terry's Nursery, King's Jioiid, Chelsea, in the autuuin oi" 1K-")1, and partly on material oljtained I'rom a plant that llowt-red in the Bolanio Garden ol' tllasgow, in l%y>-), and (d' which an account was given in Section 13 oT tht^ British Asso- ciation at the meeting ludd that year in Glasgow. These! drawings showod the epider- mis and sLomata, with their chlorophyll granules, ol'tlio upper snrl'act! of the leaf; the surface-c(dls, hairs, and what were regarded as the basal (jells of aborted hairs, of the iinder snrface ; the pricMes in several aspects and sections, exhibiting their t'ellular structure, the ostiole, etc. ; tht; intercellular air-spaces of the leaves, and the large, stellately branched processes projecting into them, with bend-like markings on their surface ; colouring mattt^r jf the under surface leaf-e»dls, the dopth of colour markedly dill'erent in contiguous cells ; the so-called slomatodes or perforations of the leaf, margined by more or less oblong, llat-sided cells, tilled exclusively with red or rosy coloiiring matter ; the* upper surface petal-cells, with thii-k, translucent, slightly plicate or i-rimped cell-walls, and filled with colouring matter of a rose-colour of diverse de])tlis of shade in difFerout parts of the petal. Pakt II. Nomenclatuie of NvJiPHiEAC'Eif:. In the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Clul), of New York, for September, 1H87 \X' V", p. 177), Prof Edward L. Greene, of the California University, called attention to the circumstances attending the separation from the old genus Nymphcea of the yellow- flowered Water Lilies, or " Pond Lilies," as they are usually called in Canada, into a, distict genus, the Nvphar of Smith, who pviblished it in Sibthorp's "Flora GrtB(^a" in 180G. Prof. Greene pointed out, what he suppose d was unknown to English botanists that Salisbury's work in separating the white from the ycdlow-llowered AVater Lilies was published prior to the appearinu' of Smith's gi'ueric name Nuphur for these plants, iur the plate in " Paradisus Londinensis" bearing the figure and the name of Salisbury's Castulia mngnijica was issued in OctobiT, 1805. He accordingly urged tin* restoration of Salis- bury's generic names : Nympluia for the yellow-llowered or nuphar si)ecies (=--Nii/ihat\ Sm.), and Caslalia {^=Leiiconynipha:a, Eoerrhave, pre-Linnn?an) for the more showy kinds with red, white, or blue llowers. In the Torrey Bulletin for December, 1887 (XIV, p. 257), Prof Greene returned to the subject, further establishing the priority of Salisbury's division of the gtmus by additional references. In that communication he contended that the oldest Linnuean or ]iost-Lin- naean names are those which genera must bear,' and that Custalia, of Salisbury, is the oldest name, not jire-Linnuian, for the genus that botanists have bei-n calling Nymphcea. He quotes, from Sir James Smith's published correspondence, the letter ;)f the latter to Dr. Samuel Goodenoiigh, Bishop of Carlislt; (Sir James's adviser in < lassical matters), ' It is not to be forgotten that certain genera whicli liave come down to us from pre-Linmcan times are tlie result of tlie accumulated observations and sa^'acity of successive generations of botanists. ON NYMPH^RACE.E. 99 proposing to i. place Salisbury's Jiami- Castalia )>y Nijmphwn, and io give to the yellow Wpter J.ilies the name Ble/iliora : the Hishoi) did not approve ot'this last name, and reeoni- •.^ended Niiphar or Mndonin for the yellow kinds. Pro!'. (Jreeiie. not having Salishury's original paper in the Annals to reier to, nor apparently any puhlieation relating to tho treatment of I he question by Salishury's contemporaries, except the published corres- pondence oi' Smith, was unl'orlunately led intolhe mislake ol' supposing that " the action of Smith was a deliberate attempt to si\ppress — relegate to oblivion, if he might — Salis- bury's monograph as a whole, and io l)anish his na me, in so far as might bo possible, from all connection with the nomenclature of these plants." Sudi a charge, if sustain- ed, would form an indelilde stain upon ihe history of botany in I'^nulnnd, for to no bot- anist is liuulaiul more indebted than to Smith, who devoted his life, energy and fortune to ihe advancement of J']nglish botany, at an opportune time when such devotion and ser\ ices ccnild not fail to yield conspicuoiis result >. botanical science then made rapid prt»gress, a taste for it was widely spread throughout G-roat Britain, and preparation made for tho still more advanced and extended work of the Hookers. I am sure that English botanists entertain grateful feeliniis towards the memory of Sir James Edward Smitli, who was, in his time, the leader in lOuulish botany, autlun- of the best works (with except ion, possibly, of that of AVithering), that had appeared dese par ce dernier botaniste. II est trnp tard sans doute, pour rcvenir snr oette injustice (jui fnt en menie tempt line maladresse: les termes resteront comma ils sont, i\ cati.se ipii l'usag;e lea a consatT<''S, mais on saura du moins de quel cote .«e trouvaient le droit et la raisnn." rianchon. lOO OKOIKIK LAWSON I Nymphtm, as ho oallod thorn, wiis ii.kii<)\vlfd<.c(l by lii« (•outcinporarics to he due lo tlio sao-acity ol" Salisbury ; (-2) that the iiaiiio Castalia was at iirst adopted l,y Woodvillc and Wood, in Ri't's's CyfU)puHlia, and by other authors, under ivrotest as to tli.- iviison lor its choiee, with corrortion of tlic needless chaniivs which Salisbury nuide in speeilie appellations, and restoration of the jilrciidy estiiblislwd ones; iind (:!) thut the generic names proposed subse(piently by Smith have b(>en preferred, not IVom any r('cliiii>- ol' iiiitii<>-- ouism to Salisbury, or desire to lessen his merit, but lor reasons that were I'reely expressed at the time, and h<'ld weight 8uhs«'qiiently with botanist.;, so lonii' as every other con- sideration was not swept away l)y the now all-prevailin!>' priority idea, liven now, some who incline to accept the name C«.s<«//rt, in itself unobjectionable, in deference lo the desirt^ to give preference to priority, may not api)reciate Mr. Sa]isl)ury's reasons for its selection, which no doubt formed the real obtacle to its adoption at a time wlu'n descriptive suitability and propriety of sentiment were thought to be of consequemc. Mr. Britten says: "In 1808 (or ISO'.t) Snnth (Fl. (Irtet\ Prodr., I, p. ;5(i1) adopted Salisbury's division of the Liniiiinin ticnus Nijmiiluca, but did not follow Salisbury's nonu'uclature. lie restricts the name Nipu/ihfrti to Salisbury's Castalia, while he bestows upon the yellow-ilowered species, for which Salisbury rciaiiied the mime i^i/mjilnra, a new name Nujihar." It is shown that the part of the Prodronnis containiui^' Nitplmr did not appear until the end of 1808, or, more likely, the beg-inning- of 18()!». Mr. Britten, unlike; Prof. Greene, actjuits Smith from " displayiiiii' any animiis against Salisbury i)ersonally." He indeed points (mt Smith's reconnilion of the correctness ot Salisbury's division of NympJum, in the ''Introduction to Botany," to which Mr. Joseph F. James has also called attenlicm, in Torrey Bulletin, Feb. 1888. "I believe," says Smith, "Mr. Salisbury's Castalia is well separated from M/mjihaa." Smith wrote to Bishop (loodenough stating his wish to retain iV;//OTyV(fm for the showy-llowoired species, and to adopt Blephara l"or the yellow-ilowered ones. Britten (quotes Cloodenough's reply : "You must and yoii do reject Salisbiiry's Castalia upon irri'fragable [here Britten interjects, 'i.e., classical'] grounds." Not being able to refer to the Smith correspondence at present, 1 t;annot ascertain how far this interpolation is justifiable, but apparently the real ground was notorious at the time and did not need reference in (!orrespondenc»; })etween Uood- enough and Smith. That Salisliury's nomenclatur(>, weiglited Avith so many net>dless changes, should not have been adopted with alacrity by his t^outemporaries will not surpri.se anyone acquainted with the spirit and literature of the time. Salisbury's antag- onism to certain Linna3an ideas, and his attempts to belittle Linnjcus and repudiate Linnoean names, his constant desire to change specifit; names (at that time regarded as more iuAdolable than generic ones), and the special objectio}i to Castalia, not as a name, but on account of the analogy with which he sought to justify it, and which brought down upon him the rebuke of the authors of the artich' in Itees's C'yclopjedia, are quite suilicient to explain why Salisbury's proposed nomenclature was not at once adopted, and to show that the responsibility did not lie with Smith, but Avith the botanists of the time, Avho, then few in numb(>r, wer«; more disposed to consult and act in concert in such matters than is the custom, or is indeed practicable, now. AVhat could be more frank than Sir James's acknowledgment of Salisbury's merits, as expressed in the quotation already cited from his Introduction to Botany, ami in tin' article NvMPHiE.v in Kees's Cycloptedia (XXV.) After noticing the varying views of Linn.Tus at different times as to the; V ON NYMI'II.KAOH.K. 101 iilliiiilics of tlic order, Suiitli says: "We hcnrlily foiiciir willi Mr. Salislmry's decision toiiceniiim- the iillillilies ol' (lie li-eiuis. tlioim'h liol ill llie iiilliie, wlli'h lie liiis t nillsreiTed iVoiu the true phiiit (>r tile iiiirieiils, iiii«l r"|>liieed l»y Cdslatui. n word iiicorrecl in elymojoyy as well as iiienniim', and iiltoiicther siiperlluous." n is not desiral)le thllt spliee shonld he oreupied here with di.sellssion oi the laws ol' nonieiielalure, whieli will need to he dealt with hy hotiinisis ere long on wider priini- ples llian have l)een hitherto reeoynised. it may lie remarked, h'eneral way ; the far more dillicuH task remains oi' iindiny out thi- oldest name which is suilicienlly exact in moaning to he ai)plical)le in a strict sense to the plant it is intended to represent. The I'act is, that while general rules are ixs(d'ul as a guide, individual i-ases must he judged on their own merits. IJenthani, as a *dassicist and philologist. a'eiieric and speciiie names (so called) are treated in the same way as separiite terms, essentially complete in themselves, and available for permanent use by combination in the construction of binary names. As Mr. Britten states, the second volume of Annals of I'otany. in which Salisbury's paper was printed, is dated on the title pane lS(Mi (there are no dates of publication on the parts as bovmd in volumes) ; 'but intermil evidence shoAvs that this first part Wiis issued in 1805." As the internal oA'idence is not very obvious, and the Annals (-ontain other important memoirs bearing on questions of priority, it nuiy he worth while to determine, with some approach to accuracy, the actual date of publicaiion. This work is styled on its title page "Annals of Botany. Editors, Charles Koniii', F.L.S., and John 8ims, M.P., F.L S." (London. " Vol. I, 180.-,." " Vol. II, 180G.") Th:>se dates of publi- cation are so quoted in DeC'audolle's "Systenni Naturale." The complete work forms two 102 (iKOI{(iH f/AWSON octnvo volumes of iicmly ti(Ht pii^;cs t'iicli. witli pliilcs. It wiih issiiod in lonii ol' pcriddical piirlH, t'iifli purl luuhiiiiiiiji' ii iiunilM-r ol' un-iiioiis. I'ollowcd hy " MiMccllmirous AtiiclfN, " fonsisliiig ol' t'orrt'spoiidt'iicc, Ih»Iiiiui'ii1 ih'ws, ('|<'. This division ol' iimtlt'i' allords tlic only key to disliniiiiisli the si-purnti' pints in tin- l»onn«l volunn's. The lirst i)iirl (of Vol. I) piohiihly iippcini'd on Miiy Isl, I8(i4. wliidi is llif pulilicntion dutc on (In' I'lonlispicn" poitriiit of John Hny. The I'ldinlmriih Ivi-vicw lor July, 1H(»4, ncknowlcdufs rt'ccipt, of Annals ol" ISotiiny, No. 1, i)ii((' "s. tid . in list ol' pul)li("i(ions riM-civcd from April IHth 1o July 7lh, 1H(I4. The third and last part ol' Vol. I (ontains an obituary notice of I'rol'. Allioiii ol'Turin. who died July, :isth 1S(I4. The ne.\t part, the lourlh (l»ein<>' lirst of Vol. II) is the one that contains Salisbury's paper. This lourth part is acknovvh'du'ed in the Ivlinburuji Ueview Ibr July, bsn.") ; it contains a letter iVoni l>r. Smith (Sir J. JC), dated Norwich, March 24lh, ISdft, and one from Dawson Turner, dated Yarmouth, May 17th, IHO"), — a Hhort conuuunication not likely to havo lain over long for publication. These* facts indicate that the part could not well hiivf been issued before the end ')f May, or later than the end of June, IStl.'i. Thus, as nearly as can now be ascertained, Salisbury's " l)eseri})tion of the Natural Order of Nijmiihu'a lutea, Linn. arihdia, = N. ad vena, Sims. sagitt;ef(dia, = N. longifolia, Mirlix. C'astalia imdica, = N. odorata, Kean. speciosa, = N. alba, Linn. scutifolia, = N. ca^nUea, Sims. = N. sttdlata, Kenn. = N. fr-col'>r called " Hooker's G^reen " ), published in the Paradisus Londinensis the plate lettered Castalia magnijica, and dated October 1st, to Avhich Mr. Salisbury supplied the letterpress. ' Tho oxpliinatioii of tlio year 1800 .ii>iwarin, rctiiiiiiiig i\w iiiiiui' Ni/ni/iliaa I'or Halisl)ury's Cds/alin, jiiid jfiviiig llif new iiiiiuc Nu/tli(ir lo llu' yt'llovv-llDWiTcd spiHics. Ill his piipcr ill ii/ishiiri/. I HO') JiriKeti, IMHH Nflunil)(», Toinnijoii, 1700 = (CyJV'nuH, Snlishiit'i/.) Ciistiiliii, Snlishiiri/, IHO.V NyiiipliiPM, " =- Cii.sliiliii, Hnlhlmru, IHO.V = Nupluir, .s'//i/V/i, IH08 9, <>l' pliiiils lliiit coiin' williiii llic ui'iius I'astalid, Salishury, •»iily l\vi> nimiiuiil spccicN wiTc -). W»' lnivf sfcn Ihiii lln' u»'iins iiscll', us dflinrd iind lurnisht'd wilh spn ics liy Linn;i'us, w.is n loniposilr one, ini hnlinn' pliinln thai, Ixilli Ix-i'dVi- and al'lcr liis lime wt'ic ivlcnvd to wpuruto m'ncru. Jii like manner, tlu; two liinnjran sjH'fit'8 oi' Nymiiluia llial arc now rt'l'crrfd to Casttilia Wfic Ixilli compoHili- siu'cirs. as w'i' H'li'an iVoni tlu' lilcd iclcicnii's lo authors and lln- indiialioi.s yivfo oi" ui'oaraphifal ranyc. The lirsl, N.aiha, inrhidi'd nol only llif Wliil( Wnlcr Lily ol' i'^uropc — i\'//t)ijjliir(i alba, Cnint'rnrixiH (1o8(i), — Iml also, as inditalcd by llic pliiasc " liahiiat in I'airopi'i <'t Amt'ricA," at Icasl ont' olhcr plmi, wliich \vc assnnir lo luivr Itccn llir fonnnoii White Walcr Lily of Ihf Ann'ritan conlincnl, now known as odomla. The second spiMues, N. Lotus, ineliided Ihe Lolas /Ei^i/filin of Pliny, a name adopted l)y Alpinus ;lti7-), and also the .liimaiea species oi' Brown and Sloai.e, — " hahilat in calidis IndiiL*. Ai'rieiL'. Ameriwu." The two original Liunn'an species of the genus, then, were : — 1. Niimphoa alba, 2. N. Lotus, Linuious, Species i'luntarum, 17. J. V. (Imelin, in the Ihird ediiion ol' the Systema Naturn; of Linnteus (Ltipzic, 17'.M), inserled the N. reiiijomis oi' Walters Kloia Cuvolina. AVilldeiiow, in his amidi- lied ediiion ol" the ^jjecies rianlarum, {\'iW), without recoiiiiisini-' Walter's phint (then unknown in Europe except l)y the description in his work), increa.sed Ihe number of species to live by describinir, (1) undr-r nam«' of N. stelluta, the plant called Citamlxd in ^^'"i lil> ^'''« Hortus Mahibaricus ; (-l) as N. /mljescens, another East Indian Npecies, with large toothed leaves, hairy beneath, characterised by I'lukenet in the " Alma-'estum " as "iV. J«(/»a,"etc. :— 4. N. stelhita, ) 0. N. puoescens, ) AVilldenow, 8p. Plautarum, I7i>!t. ON NYMPFI^-ACJK.K. 108 ISO as ■:£ Ilt'lort' IliiH tinif, lioWfVtT, Miulhcr v\i'll-mark«'(l Mjx'cifs had Imtii cliHi'ovfn'd at the ('a|H' of (|(»o(l Ih.pc by Mr. KmiuiHMaHHoii,' and wan ivtcivt'd in a liviiiK' Hlalc al Iht* Jioyal (iardi'iiH, Kow, haviiitf been l)i(mjihl l<> I'jiiilaiid in II. M.S. ' (idrjfoii," iii Mm yoar IT'.'ii. This Npt'ticH vvaH dt-Ntrihcd l»y Kt'inn-dy in AiidrcWH' Ijolanical Iti'ixmilory, as N. carulea : — 6. N. carulea, Kennedy, Bot. Hep., 1801. The ahdve meiidoned Ki)eeieN w«'re all dealt wiHi in Salis1)iuy'H original paper, (ex- eept {;"») iV. //«6fcwt«.«, whirh was Kul)se(|uently added in Ihr l^lradi^su^^ Londinenisis), and l\v<» olherN were ineluded lor whieh binomial n;iines had ntl'ul tustc! for the larijfer S^enus. Not satisiied with this, he. lurther, without oU'eriny any reason or apoloyy, ii>'nored or chaniied all the specilic names I' • these jjlants tliat had been established, and were in common use by his contemporaries, substitutinu' others, mostly !"ss descriptive, an'ed the specilic term oF Ni/m/ilma a/bu, essentially the Whit(! Water Lily, so named and known familiarly for centuries, to the (in this g'enuH) meanin'j'- ' Tlio nieniory of I'mncLs Massoii, lon^r f(irt;ot1en an u raniuliiin botiinical collector, iiiiiy lie rcvivpd liy rticoiinliiiK here a lew piirticnlurs of liiH liistory. Ho was an al)lo ami indii.strioii.s collector, tliniugli wlioin the Hoyal ( larileiis at Kow roceiveil many choice prodnctioiiM, especially from South .Africa. Horn at Ahordeeii, ii, Scotlaiiil, Aiit.'iist, 1741, lie was first eii).'ai.'ed in the service of H s Majesty < ieoiye the Third, to coliei't for Kew, in 1771 or 177-', liii those daya Kew was the Kiiii^'s (iardeii.and not a piililic or people's institution asimw.) He was sent to theCajio of Oood Hope, and remained there till 177(3. Five years more weres|)ent inexplorin.s4 the Canaries, A/.orcs, Madeira, and parts of the West Indian Islands. In 17S."., he went to I'ortUL'id, thence afiain to Madeira, and, returninj; to England in 178.'), he pre])are he published, at London, a folio volume of illustrations of new s|iecics oi Slopelia, with forty-one coloured plates. In the follnwiiiK year (17'.i7), having' intimated his desire to he further employed on foreijiu service, Sir .loseph Bank.s mentioned the same to His Majesty, who was trraiMously pleased to order him to explore such parts of North America, under tiie Britisii (iovernmeut, as apiwared most likely to produce new and valuable plants. " On this occasion ho perished, in the sixty-fifth year of his age." He died at Montreal, about Christmas, 1805. Francis Jlasson's name is commemorated in the Cape genus of Liliaceous plants, Massonia, Thunberg, Nov. (ien., of which eight species were desi'rihcd in Hortu.^ Kewensis, all discovered by Musson himself. In the Systenia Vegetabilium of Schultes, (I8;50), the miinber was raised to seventeen, and by Baker, in Linn. Trans., to twenty-live, but reduced in apparent numbers by separation of 8i)ecies referable to Pohjsena, Kunth, of the Scilh-r tribe, ^fa8l>onia being limited by Baker to siiecies of the Allien:, so that Bentham and Hooker's estimate is twenty. A Carribean Liliaceous plant is nametl Sloanm Masi^oni, AVilld., Sp. PI., ii, p. 1.55. Sec. IV, 1888. 14. \iJPK 106 flROKGE LAWSON less Icrm a/iermn. Tln' Swofl Srcnlcd Wau'i Lily, N. odorata. was to be callid pudica, wlii.-h, in view ol' Salisbury's own cxi'vcsscd reason I'or clioicf ol" (ho «i'in>ric icrm, also bt'i-aun' int'aniiiiil.'ss. Tlit> VAw N. mriilea i>: n\]h'd sndifolia. N. stellala is .hauiiod lo stellnris, as ir lor no olhov ivason than to aive inmblc to i)rool-iva(l('rs, (just as ho changed Walter's iV. sii^iUifoliu ta iV. sagilu(folli(i, spt'llinu' the latter name with an initial capital). N. ri;hm, essentially the Ked ^Yate^ Lily is ehanavd to inugtiijiai. which, like s/iecumt. means nothiu""-, but, haA'ina' Acquired priority in jirint. will probably be retained. iV. .£,»//« is ben-l't ol' its elassieal name and lu'conies mi/stka or sccra. Under the eireumstaui'es, it is not surprisini>' that his eontemjioraries and successors did not u-lopt his proposed changes with ala.-rity, so loni;' as it was the custom to avoid wilful and needless alterations. unl»ss they were supported by some stronger plea than that ol' so-called priority, namely, that they had been ]n'oposed. That Salisbury knew he was aetiuij' in din'ct opposition to the. views and l'eelini>s oi' his contemporaries, we have direct proof, for the part o'' the Annals immediately precedinii- the one in which his ])aper ajipeared, contains an expression of the ojiinions of its editors, ]\Ir. J\onit>' and Dr. Sims, in a review cf the Flora Ijoreali-Ameriiana of IMichau:;. in course of \vhich it is remarked : " AVe have mor*- serious objections to the frequent innovation this author [Michaux] has taken the lioeriy of inakiuii' in b>)tanical nomenclature ; this disiiosition, which imhappily is too prevalent amongst the botanists of the continent cann(vl be loo warmly inveiuhed aii'ain.'-t Some changes of names cannot, of course, be avoided, as th" s])ecies must take the name of the genus to which it is f )iind to belong ; bur in such case the trivial name should be sacredly prest>rved These strictures arc not intended to arraijau the new genera that M. Michaux has tliouii'ht proper to raise from species before known, althoiigh this appears to have been somi times done upon grounds too trivial to warrant such a change, so much as to ccmdi'mn the unecessary alteration of the speoiiie name, and even frequently of that of the ucnus. without any good reason." The followina- are the chanucs cortained in Salisbury's paper ; the initir.l capitals of his specific names (another needless change whicli he seems to have attempted to intro- duce) are not reproduced here : — ]. Nymphtea alba changed to ■2. N. Lotus " Z. N. odorata 4. N. stellata o. N. ca^rulea " (). N. Coteka 7. N. pubescens " 5. N. 1< liis ainpliorilms. eti (Aistalia siieciosa. ('. inystica. C. jHidica. C. stellaris. V. scutif<-,lia. f' 'dulis ('. sacra. named (.'. ampla. An additional spt'.ies, said to lur. v the odour almost of the tuberose, was introdui cd from China, in 180o, by the l-:ast India ('(mii)any, in the ship " Winchelsea," Capt. Camubell ; it was describ.'d by Salisbury in the I'aradisus as Caslaha p,is;mm:, and in Hortns Kewensis (tbllowini.- Salisbury's specific aame „smcca. In Ledebour'B Vlora Eossiea, (I, p. 84), it is identilied with Ginelin's N. alba mmor, which Willdenow, in Species Plantarum. II, p. 1153, had iu.duded (exc. svn. Morisoui) in his iV. odorata. Another eastern species, nam.'d by Koxburgh in manus.-ript K rubra, was k ON NiMriLEACK/F:. 107 iiS'un'cl ill I ho Botanical Rt^pooiloiy nid in the Botanical Maj>!iziiic, and described in i lorl us KcwiMisis, under th-.vt name ; but changed in the Ptuadisus lo Cuslnlia magnifim. Thus Iho rollowing names have to be added to the list : — 0. N. pygmaja = C. pygmoea. 10. N. rubra = C. magnifica. In llees's Cyclopicdia, which was commenced in the year 1802, and completed in 181!i, cf)nsisting ol" ioriy-live heavy quarto volumt's, consequently a larger Avork than even our present Eucycloptedia IJritaunica, Salisbury's new generic name Cuslalio was adojitjL'd in the early i>art of the work, and Ibrmi'd the title oi' an article in Vol. VI. in which the several species were i'ully described. The author or authors of that article (probably either Dr. AVoodA'ille or liev. Mr. Wood, or both, who are credited in the l)reia(;e as having suj>pliod the botanical articles in the earlier volumes) ret ognisid tlie propriety of s 'parating the Water Lilies into two genera, biit, while adopting the name CdsliUfa, disapproved strongly of the princii^le upon whicli it had been selected, and the false analogy upon which n was fouiubnl, as alike adverse to philosophical precision, truth, and del.'.'acy of sentiment. The descriptive and t(»chiucal portions :>f tSalisbvirys paper are in Latin. His reason for selecting the name Cdstn/ia is given in these words : — " Quasi cb pudicitiam, uterum totum petalis ot'cultant specii's hujus generis ; itaqii*^ Casta/iaa dixi." The authors of the <^!yclopa)dia article evidently thought the comparison a fanciful and ofreasiA''e one; they say : " AVe have adopted Mr. Salisbury's generic name, from a confirmed unwilling- ness to change any name once given, unless urged to it by the most cogent reasons ; but, at the same time, we feel ourselves constrained to add that we cannot concur with that ex(;ellent botanist in the principle on which he has been iiidurs of a rightly cTiltivated laind." In this Rees's Cydopiedia article, which has been cntir-ly overlooked by writers on the subject, both in England and America, the vmnecessary changes introduced by Salis- bury in the spet-illc names are rectilied by reinstating the original ones and conjoining them with the new generic term. In a subsequent A^olume (XXV) of the same work, these plants are again described in article NYMPllyEA. It is understood that all the botanical articles from letter C, in the Cyclopicdia, were written by Sir J. E. Smith ; ' an allusion to his " Prodromus Flonc Gra}coe " bears direct evidence that this article was from his pen, and it is so qixoted in DeCaudoUe's Prodronms. In this second article, the generii^ nann^ Casfafin is discarded and Nympluca substituted /the Yellow Water Lilies beinu- described in another article in t'v same volumi; under the generic name Ni.i'har). The following list will show the names under whi<'h the scA'cr;'! --pccies are respectively descri))cd in the two artit^les referred to ; the arrangement and numbering art> adjusted, as far as praciicable, to cor- respond with the lists preceding in the present paper : — Seo English Cyclopicdii'., Biography, iirticle : S.mith, Jambb Edwaud. ■iSS^isS 108 11' ■j- -ifi flKORfiH LAAVSON liEES'S CYCI.0IM5DIA Vol. VI. Vol. XXV. (Woodvill." iind Wood.) (T. K. Suiiih.) 1. (\is!a\ia alba = Nymphira alha. Vol. VI. Vol. XXV. (Woodvillc and Wood) (T. K. Smilh.) 7. C. inibi'scen.s = N. pixbcsciMLs. C. ampla =^ = N. pyj^mica. C. ina-'iiilica = N. rubra. = N. nitida. = N. vorsicolor. \ I' l)..C'aiidollr havin- .'lalx.ral.'d Ibo Niimi'lommr, vt-ry rarerully I'oi bis li.-in V....vlabili,. 8ysl..ma Natural. (1S21), nv. l.av- hi.s r-.^nlls in Iho loUowin- hsl, in Nvhi.b tho'spo.,iL.s an' arranged in ord.r, and wiili numbers to .■orrospond to those already givou : — DeCandoi.LE, Systoma Naturali', 1821. 11. N. rubra. C. Lotus = N. Lotus. 8. ('. odorata = N. odorata. !). 4. C. stellata = N. stellata. 10. 5. C. nicrulea = N. eicruloa. 11. (\. C. odulis = 1-2. 1. Nymphica alba. 2. N. Lotus. 3. N. thormalis. 4. N. odorata. 5. N. stcllata. (5. N. scutiiblia. 7. N. edulis. 8. N. pubi'scons. 9. N. ampla. 12. N. nitida. 13. N. versicolor. 14. N. ca^rulea (stellata, var. Sims.) 15. N. Madagascarensis, {xpeciea nova). IH. N. pulchella ( " )• n. N. rejiiiormis. 18. N. minor (odorata, var. Sims). 19. N. blauda. 10. N. pygmsea. DeCandoUo's Systema having ceased Avith the second volume, the Trodromus (1824) took its place. The same nomenclature ot th • "Water Lilies was retained in the latter work, with addition of a somewhat doubtful Chinese species : — 20. N. acutiloba. Not a few new species have been subsequently described by M. Planchou and other botanists, in the Annales dcs Sciences Naturelles, and other publications. A number ol these havi? been foundt'd on dried specimens in herbaria, and it is probable that a reiid- justment of them will be required when the livinif jdants or better material become avail- able for examination. Such was obviously the opinion of Eentham and Hooker when working on the Cienera I'lantarum (1802), for they did not incluliii:7(c, HnUshiuy, Ann. But., (1805), 11, p. (I!*. (5EiNUi< 1— VICTORIA, Lindle//. Liiidloy, Eol. Ui'gisItT Misc., 18;5H-!>, p. 13. Eiullicher, Geiicni riaularum. No. lolit- lii-nlham & Hooker, Gon. I'l., I, p. '74. VlCTOKlA llEGIA, LiniUey., I.e. Hooker, Bot. Mag., tl. 457;3-45'78, and separate Mono- graph, foL, with eoloured plates, li. Brown, I'roc. Linn. 8of. Lond., May *7, 18')0. Henlrey, Gardeneis' Mag. of Bot., May, 18")0, p. 22;'), (coloured phites by Fiti-h). Lawson, Water Lilies, pp. 24-80, t. 1. Planchon, in Van Houtte's Flore des Serros, March, 1851. Walpers, Annales Botanices SysteniaUctf, (1857), IV, p. 152. Garden and Forest, pp. 308-300, with lig., (1888). Mr. Gray has argued that Reginu not regia is thi' proper siiecilic name. See Annals of Natural History, ser. 2, VI. p. 14(3. The I'orm regalis has also been used. Euryale Amazonira. Froriep's Notizen, 1832. Foeppig, ex Endlicher. I'lanchon, Revue Horticole, Feb., 15th 1853, (Walpers). Nympluca Victoria. Schoniburgk, MSS. Victoria Amazonica. Plauchon, llevvie Horticole, F'eb. 15th, 1853 (Walpers). V. Cruziuna. D'Orbigny. Planchon, Ann. des So. Nat., Ser. 3, XIX, p. 27. Flore des Serres, VI, p. 210 ; VII, p. 35. Walpers I.e. Bolivia, district Moxos, near River Mamore, 1801. — ILcnke. Rio das Madeiras, 1832. — D'Orbigny. Near Ega, 1832. — Poeppig. British G uiana, in Rivers Berbice and Rou- pounoum, 1837-42. — Schomburgk. .Tacouma, 1846. — Bridges. Amazon River, near Santa- rem, (Para.), April, 1850. — R. Spruce. Brazil, prov. Matto-Grosso, in Rio de Barbado. — Walpers, I.e. Paraguay (V.Cruziana). — D'Orbigny, who derives the native name, Yrupe, I'roni //, water, and rupe, a dish. The Royal AVater Lily ol' South America, the most magnificent of all the Nympluc- acece, was lirst raised at Kew from imported seeds, and has now been in cultivation in some of the principal public and private gardens of Europe and America for about forty years, having iirst blossomed at Chatsworth in November, 1849. In its native lagoons, it appears to pri'sent considerable variation (as is not unusual in aquatic plants), and two of the most striking form', have been di'scribed as separate species ; one of them is well marked, and pi'uding further o])servatiou, is retained here as a variety, viz. : — Var. Ckuziaxa, distini>uished by its uniform green leaves (not purple on the under surface) and larger black seeds; it may be disliiu;t, but the description is imperfect. First found by M. A. D'Orbigny in 1827, on the river Parana, UOO miles from its Junction with the Rio Plata. 110 GEORGE LAWSON GEmm II.— J^JJUYALK Salisbury. Salisbury on Nymphicfir, Kouig and Sims' Aunals B(»l., 11, p. 7:i, (1805). Bonlh. & Hook., Oon. ri., 1, p. 41 EuRYALK FERox, Sniisb., 1.0. Ait., llort. Ki-w. vd, 2, III, p. 2!tr.. ])C., Sysi , II, p. 48. Trod., I, p. 114. Annexlea spinosn, lioxb., Fl. Iiid, II, p. f>1^. Andrews' I?ot. Ivcpos., 1. 018. Eiiri/afe Tnilirn, I'lanchon, in Ann. dcs Sc. Nal., scr. "., XIX, p. 28. India and China. Inhoduci'd into England, 180!', by the Marquis ol' IJlandlord.— llort. Kcir. Oenus III.— BAIiCLAYA, WaUich. Tnins. Linn. Soc. Loud., XV, p. 442, t. 18. Walpers, Ann., IV, p. ^^^1. Bonth. & Hook., Gon. n., 1, p. 47. Barolaya T-ONdi folia, Wullich, I.e. Hook. !<•. I'l., t. 80!t-10, and in Anuales dcs Sr. Nat., Hvv. 3, XVII, p. :'.01, t. 21. Walpcrs. Ann. IV, p. Hi8. Burma. Genus IV.— CASTALIA, SaHsbiiri/. Annals ol' Botany, 11, p. 71, (IHOo). Paradisus Lond., n. 14 and i'^S. Ni/miilum. Smith, Prod, Fl. Grncr., I, p. yoi. Boniham & Hooker, Genera Plantarum, I, pp. 4G-47. List of species 1. C. alba. 2. C. tetrag'oua. 8. C. odorata. 4. C. tuberosa. 5. C. el»>o-ans. <;. C. lla\a. 7. C. ampla. 8. C. siic'antea. 0. 0. t ternlea. 10. C. stellata. 11. C. edulis. 12. (J. magniliea. 13. C. Lotus. 14. C. piibescen.s. lo. C. thermalis. 1.— Castatja AW5A, Woodv. & Wood, liees's Cye. (art. Castalia), VI. Link, Hand- bueh, 1831, II, p. 40.-). AValpers' Annales, IV, p. 1()3. Greene, Bulletiu Torrcy Bot. Club, XV, p. s.-.. Njimplum alba, Linn., Sp. PL, ed. 2, p. 72It, in part, (ex.lude the American plaut). Koth, Tent. Fl. (ier., 1, p. 230, (1788). Gmelin, Syst. Nat., ed. 8, II, p. 811, (ex.-el. syn. Gmeliu. Sibir.) (1701). Willd., Sp. PI. II, p. 1152. DC, Syst. Nat., II. p. 5(i, Prod. I, p. 115. Lawson, Water Lilies, p. 81, t. 2, (1850). Castalia speciosa, Salisb., Ann. Bot. II, p. 72. " Besser, Enumeratio, p. 22, No. 639," (Ledobour). Britten, Jour. Bot., XXVI, p. 0. ON NVMPir.EACR.E. Ill AVIiilc Water Lily ol' I'iimlaiul. AVeisso Sfrrosc of WilUh'iiow, iiiirl oilier (iermim nut Inns. J'JxIeiuls, ill Viiri(nis lonns. over iienrly I lie whole of l-liiro])!'. Alu'eriii, et(!. Vnr. MiNol!. Nyiiipluia a/lm /> minor, ( IjexL, Moris.), Willd., Sp. PI., 11, p. IJ.".;'.. DC, Syst. Niil. ; Trod., I.e. Jjcdebour, Kl. Jvossicn. I, p. H4. Iviissiii. Alsiu-e. Flowers hall' the si/,e ol' the uormal I'onn, leal'-lolxs spreading, with an open space between. Var. rAiciitADl.VT.v. Ni/mphca jmicimdialu. " liunge in Ledt'b., 1<"1. Allaiea, 11, p. ■ll-ir Ledeb., Fl. Itossiea, I, p. 84. Jtivi'r ]{ekiin, an atlluent olthe Irtiiseh, ]»elweeu the ..iiai and Tral jSlonntains. N//r)ifjli(t.a paudradiata, so I'ar as indicated in I'Uora Ito.ssica, is certainly very closely related to alba, and can hardly be treated as a distinct species, and yet in some ol' its characters it apjM'oaches the Canadian odorala; tin' leal'-lobcs are described as less closely approxinuite than in alba, and the lateral veins beneath . Var. Cashmeeriunu is either identical with, or clostdy resembles, the preci'dinu'. Not without hesitation. I add the following synonym, being doubtful whether it may indiiate a mixed nominal species or be referable to C. alba or C. Mragona : — N. nitida, " Siins, in Eot., Mag., t. 1850." Smith, Kees's Gyc. XXV. UC. Syst.. II, p. r)H. Trod., T, p. llti, Ledebour, Fl. Koss.. 1, p. 84. Said by A. P. DeCandolle to be alli»'d ioodorata and albn, — rhizome perpendicular, branched, leaf-auricles obtuse, sinus narrow, points slightly spreading. A'eins imim-ssed. lateral nerves plain on both sides, Uowers in- odor(ms, petals obtixse. On the other hand, the plant in cultivation in I'Jngland, under ' For (letaits in regard to tlie relations of tliese and otlier varieties, see Dr. Robert Caspaiy's Observations in Apj)endix to Index Hort. Berol., 1855, and Waliiers' Annales, iv. 162-1()(). 112 (lEOlttH^: LAWSON this name, is ( il.'scvilxMl in Tilt' rmrdcu as sin allcr than uIIxl with vi-ry pointed and nsir- row (111 aiU pel Ills. In the Flora Uossica Dr. L('dt'bom(|nol"'s the occurivnct' ol' iiilidn in Silx-ria horitv on).-{'iUid<»ll.' alonr. adding', "niilii iunota Tlif iiiniufan spi-cilif tfrui olha is a luid si'Vi'val binomial piv-Liiuui'an names Fiichs, l.j42-4r). Neniiphai- ficminu, Bruniids, 15:52-84.' very old oiu-, as applit'd to this spccifs, which Numphan al!>a, Mathiolus, l^^S. N. Candida, •J. ('. TKTI!\('.ON.v. Ni/nipliirn alba minor, CiiiK-lin, I'l. Sihiri.a, IV, p. 184, t. 71, (Itti!!)- but not ol' AVilldt'iiow. Ni/m/ilnm lelranoiia, " tri'orgi, lii'isr im Kussisclu'ii Koifhs, I, p. 220, [iTt-")], (fx Sii lis H rx h.'rl). Tall.)" (DC). N. pDgmdo, Ait., Hort. Kl■^\■. i'( I, n. 11(>. Li-d»'b., Fl. Jtoss., I, p. S4. 1. 2. HI, p. 2!>:!, (1811). DC, 8yst., II, p. -V, I'rod. Caslalin iii/i>m(ca. Salish., i'aradisiis Loudiiu'iisis 1. (Wr Ihilti-n, Jour. Bol., XXVI, C'hariu'lcrisrd bv its a.utc pHals and .■iulil-niyrd sti-'ina. Tlu' lateral ucrvos beni-alh arc described by DeCandol'e as idane (which they re in (tlhn iwulnifidd), but by Cmielin, as I aualiculatt :].—V. ODOKATA, AVoodv. iS: AVot.d, Kcs's Cyc.. VI. (Ireeiie. Ihillelin T(.rrey IJol. Club, XV, p. 8.1, (18S8). Nf/m/tlimi olha, AValt.. Fl. Carol, p. l.V). INIichaux. Fl. U.-Ain. I, p. ••'.11. N. odonito, (Dryaiider) Ait., llort. Kewensis, ed. 1,11. p. 227 (178'.t, not 180:!, as slated ill Jomii. I]ot). AVilld., Sp. ri., II, ]). llo:!, (except (imeliirs lilasteru Siberian plant, ivferred to Ictmgona.) (K.-nnedy) Bot. Ilepos., t 2!i7, (180;J). Terr, and dr., Fl., N. Am., I, p. '.7. Lawsoii in Miller's Wild Fl. ol' America, rrovaiu-her, F'lor. Cauad., p. 28. Macoun, Cat., p. J'/l. Watson. Bi1)l. Index, I, p. :')8. Crt,s/rt//rt piidim, Salisl)ury. Ann. Bot,, II, p. 72, (18(i.-)). Britten, .T.niv. Bot., XXYI, p. !•• The Fmgmnl Water Lih/. Wohlriechende Seerose, Willd. As DeCandolle observes. thisspeci"s has been much mixed up with the liliiropean C. aiha, which, according' to Torrey and Cray, was said by Nuttall to i>'row near Detroit, rossibly he had seen the then undescribed hfherosa there. Sixty years ai>o. Smith, in the I'hiti'lish Flora (III, p. 14, 1825). described the leaves ol' (dha as '"a span wide, oval-heart- shaped, with nenrly parallel or close loljes at lh<' base, their radiating' veins underneath iKit proiuiuent, in which it dilFers Ironi the American odorata.'' Dr. Caspary, ai'tor long' ' Dr. Casjiary dn.ssilies tiio niodiiications of alha into two (Jtroups :— l.sl. — Melocarpu, tliose wliose pollen grains ai" aculeate, lilanieiits iiuiro sWnder tliantlie antlier.s, rays of tlie sti<.'nia nio.stly unicn.spidate, carpels numerous (S -24), fruit more or les.s fjlobose. -nil. — Oorcent discussion on bolanical nomenelalnre in the Journal of Doiaiiy. Mr. Britten (Kensington) in- sisis upon the adoi)tion of Salisbury's specilic term jmdica. M. Alphonse DeCandoli.', who supports the rule of retaining the speeiiic name wluai a speeies is transferred to another gi'nus, adheres to the original term odorata, which Salisbury had no reason to ehange ; "je n'ai Jamais hesite sur ce i)oint," (Journiil of Botany, 0(;t., 1888, p. 28!i.) Mr. Briiton (Columbia College) also argues lor this view (ibid,, p. 20")). His Kensington opponent is inexorable, and will not have the plant called '' Caslalia odorata (Dryand.) Greene," as ic is styled in the New York Lisf. Thi-re is no iie(;essity, however, for calling it. by that phrase, the proper name lieing Caslulia odorata, "VVoodv. & Wood. Woodville and Wood were the botanists who iirst formally recognised Salisbury's genus, aud the Iirst to connect his generic name with the correct specific om?. Var. MINOK. Chielly distinguished from tho usual forms of the species by the small size of the leaves, with widely divergent basal lobes, and much smaller flowers. Nymph, odorata var. rosea. Pursh, Fl. N. A., i). 869. N. odorata, var. minor. Sims, Bot. Mag., t. 1052. Torr. and G-r., Fl. N. A., 1, p. 5*7. Gr , Man., ;"> ed., p. 50. Watson, Bibl. Index, p. 38. Macoun, Cat., p. 32. N. minor. DC, Syst., II, p. 58. Trod., I, p. 110. Hook., Fl. B. A., I, p. 32. I havti examined specimens of this variety, which is very much rarer than the common form, in the Herbarium of the Geological Survey of Canada at Ottawa, as follows : — Near BelleviUe, Out., July, 18tt.— iHrtfoww. Mirrnaibi River, Out., July, 18*79.— Dr. Bell. Severn River, Kewatin, July 1880. — Mr. James M. Macoun. This species has apparently a very wide range, extending, according to Torrey & Gray, " throughout N. America cast of tho Rocky Mountains," aud possibly some of the described trojiical forms are closely related to it. In Walpers' Aunales Botanices Syste- matica;, IV, p. 107, habitats are assigned as follows. " Delaware, Michaux, iu Herb., Mus., Paris, (sub uom. N. albce). Halifax, in Nova Scotia, Smith iu Herb. Delessert. Texas, Drummond, ibid, etc." It is abundant in many of the numerous lakes through- out Nova Scotia, especially in those whose comparatively still waters overlie deposits of the infusorial black mud, brought iu by tributary streams, which by maceration slowly passes into diatomite. Abundant about Kingston, Bath, Odessa, etc., in Ontario. Lily Lake, New Brunswick. — G. U. Hay, Aug 1st, 1870. As noted by Dr. Gray, this species, like alba, varies with rose-coloured flowers, and there is a variety known as rubra, growni at Kew and other gardens in England, " originally found by Mr.^Sturtevant " in a "lake near Cape Cod," not iu Ncwfoudland as stated, but in Barnstaple, Massachusetts. Mr. Frank Miles remarks in The Garden, XXVIII, p. 653, that, in the open air air in England it is as red as Calba var. rubra. Nymphaa Parkeriana, Lehmaun, Index Sem. in Horto Bot. Hamb., Aunales des So. Nat., set. 4, I, p. 325, British Guiana, Parker, {Lchm.), appears to be closely related to C. Sec. IV, 1888. 15. 114 GEOBGE LAWSON II otlor(Un,—\\w loaves 8ul)orl)i.ular, r.'ddish bonoath, iho lobes iu>arly parallel iMidiny in sharp points, stamens appendiculate, the inner ones almost lililbrm. 4._C. TunEliosA, Greciic. Torr.-y ISullclin, XV, p. H4. Ni/mphmi hihenmi, I'aini', Calal. I'l. Oiu-ida, (ISl)."i). Ciray, Manual, ed. .•>, p. :.(!. Watson, 1511)1. Index, p. JV.t. The Ni/mphrn reiiifomh of Water's Flora Carolina, p. l')."», has not beon deierniincd. Ur. Gray speaks of it (in Manual, cd. .")) as very obscuro. ISIr. AVatson doubtfully rclVrs it, iind De Condolli-'s plant of that iiami' (described iVoin a Carolina specimen of Kraser), to luhm-om. Chapman, in the Souilievn l-'lora gives it, without comment, as a synonym (if odorola. Nclumbinm mnjhnne, Wilhl., Sii. IM., II, p. 1,-2<>0. Ni/mjtii. odorata, var. rcnifomh, Tor. and Cir., Fl. N. A.. I, p. tu. Ci/mioi rcnijhrmia, Pursh, Fl, p. oOS. There appears to he Utile doul)l, from DeCaiidolle's description (Syst. Nat. II, p. "»;"),) that Fraser's Carolina plant, from which it was taken, Tresque lie, was of this species. Mr. Wats(m quotes synonyms, with a mark of doubt, jV. manildtn and N. spira/in, Kaf. Med. Fl II, p. 4.'). IIS r line s Water Lilv was iirsi dlslinctlv recoiiiiised in Oneida Lake, New York Slaie but has been found also by Prof ^Maeoun in the liay of Quinle, and along the margin of bake Oniiirio, from rre.sque He ea.stward ; its distribution has not yet been fully trat^'d either in Canada or the United States, and, althouti'h it is said to be more southern in its range than C w/om/rt, we shcmld remember thai the latter species probably extends, in some of its forms, into South America. This species of the American lakes had been long overlooked, or taken for a form of oi/orald, from which it diil'ers in the shap»^ of the rootstock, and in having small lateral tubers on the sidi' of the larger ones. In cultivation, " the habit of pushing np its central leaves above the water, and almost pcrpeiulicnlar to the surface, is a distinguishing characteristic ;" but the ilowers hardly differ from those of «//w. (Miles, in Thedarden, in which the siiecies is iigured.) In specimens collecb'd on the Pay of Quinte, Aug. l-")tli, 18S8, by Trof. Macoun, the leaves resemble those of nllm, being thick aiul green on both sides; they are about as Inoad as long, but the petiole is inserted below the middle of the lamina, which is strongly veined. T).— C. KLK(i.vxs. Greene, r.ulletin Torrey T.ot. Club, March, 188K. Nymphca clegnns, Hook, in lioi. Maii., t. -Wm, (IH;")!). Lenmire, .lard. Fh'ur., II, t. ISd. Walpers' Ann., IV, p. loO. K. E. St.'rns, liulleiin Torrey Hot. Club, XV, p. 1:'., (18SH). Mr. Sterns states that, in June. 1s4!t. specimens were ooUected by Dr. Charles Wright 'in a pond m>aT the head of the Leona IJiver," in south-western Texas, Avhich Dr. Gray referr.'d doubtfully to N. Me.dnma. Zucc. ; one of the spoeimens sent to Sir AVilliam Hooker, and a seedlinu- plant, enal)led him to describe it as a new species. After an interval of forty years, specimens were received from Waco, in east-(;entral Texas (col- lected by Miss Trimbh) and Miss Wright), which Mr. Sterns took at Rrst for a small form oiodornta, but, on careful examination and enquiry, determin(>d to be identi,>al with the long-lost ekv;am. The seeds h(^ describes as globular (not oblong as in its ally), the sepals purple-lined, and the petals with purple-blue tiiw. Mr. Thomas Moronu- descrilx's, in the Botanical Gazette, May, 1888, XIII, p. 124, a supposed now Wat.r Lily, under the name of C. Leibergi, (with a footnote name, Nymplma ON nvmptt.T'^aoe.t:.. IIB Leihergi.) It is ii (liniiinilivc plnnt, siiid to rt'.scnildr pj/'^maa {telragoria). hxil \vi(li oljtuHc petals, whitih arc (l»'S''ril)c(l as liiinlly striped Avilh purple lines (m \\\ ck'riins),h\d i\u^ figure shows the leal' lo l)e iiitire el()ni>'alc^)." The (larden XXII I, p. 0:54, wilh coloured plate; also XXVII, (ISHf), pp. 4:5!) and oitK). 1 cannot verily the ret'erencc to Leilncr. There is no allusion to a Water Lily in the oriiiinal edition ol' Audnhon's Ornithological Bioi^'raphy, imhlishcd at Kdinhuri>h in 1H:51, nor any rd'crence either to Leitncr or N//vi/ihim JIam hi I'rilzel's works, th<' Thesaurus ].k, with eyes scattered over their surface like those of potatoes. " There are three fo-ms at Kew,— one [with flowers] a clear blue, another paler, and a third almost white," Flowers usually blue, but varying with white, rose and purph' colours. 9.— 0. C^RULEA, W. Sf W., Eees's Cyc, U. Nijmplurn mmlea, " (Kenn«>dy) Andr. Bot. Kepos., t. 197, (Dec, 1801). (Dryander) Bot. Mag., t. ■-)r,2, (Feb. 1802.)" Caslalia srutifolia, Salisb., Ann. Bot., II, p. 72. Ikitlen, Jour. Bot., XXVI, p. !». 110 (iKOUllH LAWSON JV. saiHfolvi, DC, S'jHt , TI, p. 50., Prod . T, i>. 114. Ciipc ol'CSood Hop', (MasHon, Thinibvrg). 10.— C. HTELTATA, M'. ^V W., Kcoh's Cy(^, VI. Niimphm slellafa, Willd, Spocics riantiiniui, H, p. Iir).",. DC, Sysl., H, p. r.1., Ti„,l. I, p. 115. Cnxlaliii slellaris, Salisl)., Aim. Bot., II, p. 72, cxflndf the Austniliim pLmf, Avliidi is ^iganlea. Biillcu, Jour. 15(>t., XXYI, p. !». N. Mittluj^amirnim, IK'., Sy.st., II, p. 50. I'lod., I, p. 114, is also ri'icrrtd lo Ihis spt'tics, to^t'tluT Nvitli lorins in cultivation kiK)wn as ccertilea, Cajiensis, parvijtoru, versicolor, cpama, snttifolia, micniutliu, and Dauhciieijana, — the last a rcputod garden hyl)rid. Ni/iii/ihaa Znnzibmenm, Caspury, which first llowcrcd at Ko\v in 188*5, is rcffrrcd, in The Garden, as a variety ol' stellnla. It is linnved and described in that work (1HS:1) as having' ihiwers nine inches in width. The liowers are descrilx'd as bine or vi inehes across, sweet scented, with narrow pointed petals. The same writer (presumably) in a subsequent number of the* same periodical says :— " Under these three names [Nymphoa Zanzilmremis Jlore-rubro, N. Orlisiesima var. Adeic, and N. xaUifolm rosea] there are three plants in the collection at Kew. which are in ilower and which are ivot distiniiuishable from each other. The first-named came from Karlsruhe, reputedly as a cross between N. Zunziharenm and N. denUUa ; the second came through seeds from Palermo ; and the third was obtained from Glasgow. Whatever the origin of the plant whii h has somehow bci-n named thr(>e times, it is wr- tainly a variety of the well-known Afri.'an species, N. stellata, and, so far as I can make it out, it is the form which has been named N. slellala var. purpurea. The Ilowers are fiv<' inches across, with piirple filaments and yellow anthers; open before noon and remain expanded till evening."— W.W., Gardeners' Chronicle, June 80, 1888, ser. 8, III, p. 800. 11.— C EDULis, Salisbim/, I.e. Eees's Cyc, VI. Britten, Jour. Bot., XXVI, p. 9. Ni/mplum Coleka, Boxb. MS«, N. edulis, DC, Syst., II, p. 52 ; Prod., I, p. 52. India. p. !» 12.— C MAGNIFIOA, Salubtirij, Paradisus Londinensis, 1. 14. Britten, Jour. Bot., XXVI, mmn. ^m?^:'M.^m:zt^?: m^ ON NYMPir^-A0K,1«]. 117 Ni/mphica rubra, K'i»xl». MSS. (SuliHl)ury), inul l-'lora ludica, II, p. r>7tl. Andrews' Hot, \io\MH., t. M:\. Sims' Hoi. May., t. IliMO (|)(!.) IK!., Sysl, II, p. r>2. I'rod., I, p. Il"». ViixIoii'm FiovvtT (Jiirdcn, p. (!!{, t. 5(1, wlicrc it iw (»b8('rvi'(l : "This hrilliiiiil iKjuiilif, thniii;h an old iiihahiliinl oldiiv yardfiis, is sJiil a rarity, appfarinj>' only in iirsi tlass collctlioiis. Nor has il been rorliiiiaic in the arlisls who haVf altcniptcd lo fix ils likeness on |)aper ; the early liyure in the Jtotanisl'.s IJcpository is partieularly unsalisiaetory. . . It is prol)al)le that more species than one may he ineliil. Til. T)C., Syst., TT, ]>. r..'?, Prodronms, T, p. 11 A. N. tt/nilea, Saviyiiy, Decad. iEyypt. Nile regions and N. Al'rica. Varieties in cultivation, referred more or less correctly to this spocios, are : itthra (not (J. mai'tii/iai) ; i/entafa, a white llowered variety whi<'h lacks the purple colouring of leal'; /Jer(>««e/i.sw, with dark-red llowt'rs. said to have hecu "raised at t'liatsworth liom riihra, and the type," hy another writer to have been "produced I'rom the white-llowered ih'.iiluta'^ ; also s(i<>itl(ila ; piihesreiis ; Boiirhedun, raised from same plants as Deixxiieiisis ; Utiiiie- vault X, A. Gr., ilower i)aler than in Devoniensis, i'rom which it was raised hy Mr. li. Sturle- vant, " diU'ers I'rom the other red llowered Nymidiieas viz., rubra, Devonunsis, and Orti'^ie- siana, in tho form and color of its llowers, a!id the tint ol' ils h-aves," (The (jlarden, XXIII, p. 1S4. Keircnsh, a hybrid of C. Loins jl. alhis by Drvonimsis, is liuured in the Botanical Magazine, t. (J!»88, (April, 188S). 14. — C. ruUESCENH, Woody Sf Wood, Reos's Cyclop., VI. Ni/mpli((:u piibesvens, Willd., I.e. N. Lotus, lioxb. " ]{ep. a!)!." Casla/ia mystim, Salisb., Ann. Bot. (in part). C. sacra, Britten, Jour. Bot., XXVI, p. 10. India. ir». — C. THERMAlils, Britten, Jour. Bot., XXVI, p. 10. Nymplum Lotus, ^Valdst. et Kit., PI. Bar. llunij'., I, p. 13, t. 15. Cast, viyslica, Salisb., Ann. Bot., II, p. 73, and I'.iradisus, (in part). Nympha:a Ihermalis, DC, Syst., II, p. 54. Prod., ]>. 115. Hungary. This and the two preceding species, puf/escens and Lotus, havo been much confused, and there is uncertainty in th(! references to authoritii's. This is said to have always large white sweot-scented lloM'ers, and to be distinguished from the largo forms of Lotus, (under which namci it is figured in Bot. Mag. and Bot. l\*ep.) by absenci! of pubes(;ence on the lower surface of the leaves, and the " large depression in tho crown of the gernuMi." 16.— C. BLANDA. Nympha;a hlunda, Meyer, Prim. Fl. Essequib., p. 201, (DCl.) DC, Syst., II, p. 50. Hook., Bot. Mag., t. 4823, {Amnonum}. "VVijfiwjMfigSE 118 f}|'X~>l{.''n-N. Hra/il (i .liana. Th.' r..llo\viiie/al,i. I'lan.li,, y\nn. Sc Nat.. I..'., p. .ll. N. Rofa, Lfhniai.n, Ann. S.-. Nal., s.r. -I. I. p. '-'dl. tJuuya<|nil. N. JiimeMmiam, IMan.'h., Ann. Sc Nal.. s.-.-. •"., XIX, p. r>l. .V. mgillnridlhliu, Lol.m., Ann. Sc. Nai. scr. 4, I, p. ;ViT. 0«uaya). Mifliaux, Fi.»m Borcali-Anifricana, I, p. .'HI. Ilrilli-n, Jour. ]M., XXVI, p. !•. Niiphar (ulvcivi If. IJrown, in Ait. II<.ri. Kcw., <-d. 2, III, p. 2!t."), (IHll.) I)(1.,Sysl., II, p. (t.'l, willi lull synonymy (llif ninil)t-rs rfrcrrinn' to Kcfs's ("yi lopn'dia, as liivn in Dt'Candollc's Syslt-nni arc the nunil)t'rs ol' thf consi'tntivc spctit's of Nni'liar dt'strilti d in t ho work, and do not, indicate fit her paiics or V(dunifs; tin- Cycloptrdia is nol pjinod.) Watson, ]Jil)l. Index, p. ;i7. IMacoun, Cat. Can. I'ls,, pp. 82 and IH4. Nnplitir Awvrkanum, I'rovanrhcr, I<'l. Can., p. 2H. Ni/mplucd arifolid, Salisl)ury, Ann. Hot., II, p. 71. Till- (>)nunon Yellow Water Lily ol' Anierita. Introdun'd to Knylisli gardens in l7V2l)y Mr. William Yonno-. Niiphar variciiuium, Jilnu'elmann, is rel'erred l)y Gray as a variety ol'this specie?.. DeCandollc and Sa]isl)ury both (juote, as Ijelonyinn' lo this species, the Nfimi>h<(a Jlori- h/is JIaris ol' Clayton, in the L'lora Virt>ini. 1(!4." I have not Iteen able to rel'er lo that edit' M, but lind neither the name, nor any corveNpondinj,^ plant,, in the second edition ol' 17'ed ones freely produced and like tho.se of the latter .species; expanse of llowers 11 inches, sepals G, stii^inatic dis(! lO-b")-raycd, the pi'rfect fruit, whicli its seldom produced, bearin<>- a closer resend)lan''c to that of Kalmiiinnm than of the othi-r parent. Prof. Caspary, to whom living' plants were sent, found the ' The generic name Nuphar, a neuter noun, was long treated by Smitli, DoCandnlle, and European botani.sts generally, as feminine. In quoting references, I have not thouglit, it necessary or desirable to keep up the feminine terminations given by tlio autliorh quoted to the adjective terms. The change to the neuter gender appears in VValpers' Annates, tom. IV, fuse. 2, published in 18.57, after which corrections of names come slowly into hotanical works; the earliest instance of correct use that I can find is in Koch's Synopsis Flora; Oermanicio et Helvetica;, L'nd ed., published in 1843. His first edition, I have not been able to refer to. 120 GEOEGE LAWSON ii' '1 I; T I- P II j; polK'ii it) bi' bad, as u.sual in hybrids, Ooivrceut. of the grains being empty such wilJioul Ibvilla. Th" dcnotiiio- ol' hybrids by pi'digrecs of descent instead of nan)(>s, as was Caspary's cnstom, is railier dislurbiiiii- it- a binomial system. I have, therefore, suu-yvsted a needed name. Mr. Tliomas Moroni? has described, as Nuiiliar rvbrodiseiim, a Laki' Clianiplaiii I'orm Avhieh has s(mnd pollen <>'rains and I'mits freely ; he rei«'ards it as " a new and ])rrrc(,'t speiies," developed I'roiu the hybrid, and synonymoiis with the Niiphnr hileiim of ( "lay'.s Mamial, (IJotanieal Ciazette, XI. p. 107. .Tilly, 1880.) This is Nympluca riibrodisca, Greene, Bulletin Torrey Bot. Clnb, March, 1888, p. 84. 4,— N. iT.MiiA, nojfin., Denlsehlands ]/""• >^u intended as an improvement th*' alteration into Nelvmbium. We wish to adhere, as much as possible, to the Linntcan rejection of barbarous generic names, and have no desire to establish either Nelmnbo or Tamanl, greatly preferring Cyamus. It i« much to be wished that botanists not totally illiterate and tasteless, Avould advert a little to the propriety of keep- ing their nomenclature under some re<>ulatioiis of sense and uniformity, whi'h thosi; who read the writings of Liniux^its, will find aln'ady esta])lished, and abundantly supported by reason and convenience." Smith and Salisbury adopted the generic term Cyamus, which was also used by Pursh and Nuttall ; but in Persoon's Synopsis, pars seeunda, published two years later than Salisbury's paper, (1807), the original name of Tournefort was reverted to, and in its original form, Nclumbo ; it had been so retained earlier in Lamarck's Dictionary, Vol. IV, published six years after Jussieu's proposed modification Sec. IV, 1888. 10. g)jjjgl5ti-;f*,5i'f'-^ 122 (IKUUGE LAWSON in riftu'va riimlnrnin. In tlif Sysl.'ma (18-21), A. P. Di'Cai.dolU' sol nsid.- Ci/aiuus, I).-. au.M> Lalivill.' had ormpi.'d tl\al nam.- ibr a uviius ol" ('msla»<'aiis, and adopted .hissicu's Nchnnlniim, which has Ix-fii in ■•cncial use simc (hen, viulil rj.iiUon agidu revived Nelitmho, (1872), which was eulbrced by Gieeue, aud acquiesced iu by Asa Gray. Genus VII.— BEASENIA, Schreber. , " Schivb. Cleai. ri., ;!72." (1780.) Benth. ^i Hook., Gen. PI., p. 40. BUASENIA PEI/J'ATA, P///.s/t, Fl. Am. Sept., p. :'.8!». AVats , JJihl., Index, p. 36. 1784. 31e,nf/atithes ni/miilioidcs, Tliunl>., Fl. .lap., p, m2. M. jwllola, Thiinb, " Ad. Upsah-nsis, VII, p. 1 12, t. U. •'. 2." IHO;'.. Ilydm/wllis jiurpiired, jMicliaux, Fl. 1>.-A., p. :i2:5, t. 29. 180"). il. jiiilla, Salisb., Ann. Bot., II, p. 74. 181:). Bmsenia Ili/drojjcllis, Miihleuberti', Cat., 55. l!^14. B. pellala, Tursh. Fl. Am. Sept., p. :!8!t. 181!i. Villama pellala, \W\i\. ei. Schiiltes, Syst., IV, p. i;8. 1821. llydrojiellh pirrp/nra, 1)C., Syst., 11, ]). •')7. 1845. Limnanlhcmim pclldliim, Giiesl)., 1J('. I'lod., IX, p. 141. Brfiaetiia ni/mphuides, " Baillou, Hist. I'l., Ill, p. 82." This exceplionally curious i)lani, was lirst I'onnd in "Upper (_ Canada" I)y F. Massou at llie beninninLi- ot the century, but is now know to be widely distributed in our Canadian waters, and ilmmghoiit those of North America g'ouerally, as well as in Eastern Asia and Australia. It has had a clieqnen'd literary career. The first term applii'd to it was not an inappropriate bejiinninu' ; Anonyma oi Plukenet's Almaii'estum. (DC., Syst.) In Flora .Taponica, Thunberti' named it by mistake Menynnlhes ni/mphoidcs, supposinii' it to be the plant so named in the Siiecies Plantanxm. which, is now knowi". as Liituianllieminn jicllahm, S. P, Gmelin. belongs to th*' Geiditiiinrcaj, and is not an American plant. In Nova Acta Upsalensis, Thunberg ji'ave it another speciiic name, /wlldia, hni still kept it in the same ticnus. Michanx (1803) described and liii'ured it as [li/dro/tcllis /Hir/mmi. Salisbury (1805) retained tht^ j>vneric nann> ol' Michanx, ])ul, as was his wont, chaiui'ed the specific term, callin<>- the plant H. pidla. Muldenberii' (IHI:!) adopted the -ieueric name ol' Schreber, and nsed INlichaux's gi'nt'rit-. as .i specific term. The plant thus be.nnie Jhasenia Jljidroiiellis. I'ursh (1814) Ibllowi-d Schreber and Muhlenlter<^' in the uvn-ric tenn. and broui-ht back one ol Thunbero-'s specific name<, callinii' it C. pellala. liiemer .Sr Schnltes (1S19) returned it, i)robably in course of litevary editin-i'. and not Ironi examination of the itlani, to the Gentiaiiacecms ,^•enns, namhl^■ it Villama pellala, (the i)lant with which Thunberu' first c(ml'ounded it havinjv meantime btvome Villama nymphoides). DeCandoUe (1 821) ri'siored tlu' name of Michanx, ni/dropeltis purpurea. Grisebach (1845), in DeCandolle's Prodrrmus, inserts, amono- his "species minus notte,"' Limnantliewuni pell alim,— ''in Japonic,' oivin<>- as synonyms Men//, pdlala. el n//mphfcoides, Thunb. Finally, Baillon (Hist. P^, III, p. 82), adopts the first mistaken ON NYMPH KACI-LK. 123 ir tl... nV.nt Rmsmm nmphoide^. This is c.-rtniuly th.' " p"«'"ty " "ii»i''- nam., .^^ l"^ ^p"!.^ ^ lid. sp.-i.n. .k h.vl,. Lu.d. lUi.v. in h.-H.. Mus. Pans., ;;,^"a .L.is- nauu- or TouvuMovt (uUhough .ot now usually .p.dt vvith a <.ap.tal N, Id .vr.n lor no othor roasou than to avoid lurth.r .•onlusi.>n, nuvy w.l 1>.' v.stn. t.-d to iiso^vn..vuus, whirh has also liad at loast four oth.r naUM-s in addition to Villars>a. Th. lirst .orr....-tly applied spodfu- t.nn lor our plant is peltuta. Th. gvn.ric nanu- lirasoia i^o.s ba.k to 1789. I.. Kn's's Cyclopt-dia, Sir Janu-s Smith remarks that )r. Soland.-r had mad.' a i-vnus of th." ph.nt, Ixodia, but the namo of Michanx, ILMropel'is, hnvini.' l,..'n print,-d, was properly ivtaincd l,y Dr. Sims. The grnoric nam." Imliu was -rt.'rwards "■ivcn by K. Brown to a New Holland i-omposit.' plant. Mr. .To.sJ^ph Sidnrnk has publish.'d, in th." Tonvy llulL'tin, (XV, pp. 20-47, Pl.s. 67 and 58) the results of a very careful and .'lab.)rat.> study of th.- v.-vtativo organs of this plant, with pr.'.>is.^ and cl.'ar d.'s.-riptions and drawings, to which I AV.mld invito the all.'ntion of students as a mod.d that may b.' imitat(>d with advantagv in like investi- gations. Gknus VIII.— CABOMBA, Anblef. Cnhomba. " Aubl. PI. Guian." Benth. & Hook., Genera Plantaium, I, p. 40. C. Cakouniana, Gray. Wats.. Bibl. Index, p 30, (with synonymy). C. aamtlra, UC, Syst. Nat., I, p. 30. Southern States of North Ameriea and Ci'utral America. wm 124 (lI'lOHdK liAWSON RKFKKKNCK LIST OF Sl'KCIES TNOIiTiDKl) IN THE SvNOI'SI.S (IF NYM I'H.KACR.Ii;. Tlio naiiK's of tho Sjiocies and of llio jiriiic'nial Varieties are historical names in lowi-r case letters. Paoe Annesleaspinosa, Jioxb 110 B.MiOI.AYA IX>N(iIFOI.IA, WllUicli 110 ille|)lmra !)!), lliO ISitASKNiA Hydropeltis, MuMenluiri,' ]'-'2 nyiii|)Iioi(]e8, Baillon 1'22 I'EI.TATA, 7'(/)v/( 122 Caijomua !irniati(;a, IX' 12;'> ('auoliniaxa, .1. Gr 12;> Castai.ia Al.iiA, Wooih: it Wnml 1 10 var. candidissiiiia, Tlwrt Ill var. C'aslinieoriana, lloit Ill var. Casparyi, Hort Ill var. MixoJ! Ill var. PAUCIHADIAIA Ill var. rosea, Hort Ill var. rubra, Hort Ill var. .'^pluerocurpa, Hort ill AMCLA, TA, Woodr, ,r Wood 110 TH!TKA(it)NA j jr, 'niiiHMAi.i.s, Brlilni , , 7 ■rniioiiO.sA, r?ivy7(« i].( C'ilaii»b((l, \'an Itlicede nu printed in lliis list in s.mam, caiwtai.s; synonyms and Paoe Cyanius llavicomns, Salisb 121 niysticns, .Sali.sb 121 Nol- .iibo, Sniitb 121 reniforniis, I'nrsli 114 EruYAi.E .Vniazonica, Froriejj's Notizon l(i!( I'Eiiox, Sitiidi 1 10 Indica, IMancb 110 Ilych'opeltis pnlla, Salisb 122 purpurea, Mic^bx 122 l.onconynipbiiajBii'i'rbave iiS Limnantbeniuni pollatuin, (iriesb 122 Madonia !)!) Menyantbes nyuipboides. Tbunb ... 122 peltata, Tliunb 122 Nelumbiuni Inteuni, ^lii'lix 1 21 renifornie, Wilkl 114 S|KH'io6uni, Willd 121 .Nkmmiio Indica, Persoon 121 i.iTEA, Pcrioon 121 Sl'lX'lOSA 121 Xenupbar fu'niina, Brunfels 112 Nupbar advena, K. Brown 110 advena x Kalniiainini, Caspary 110 Aniericanuin, Provancber 110 .laponicuni, DC 120 Kalinianuin, R. Brown 120 longifolium, Smith 120 Inteuni, A. (ir 120 tnteuni, Smith 110 lutenm, var. Kalmianum, T. k (i 120 luteum. var. pumilum, A. Gr 120 minimum. Smith 120 polysepalum, Engelm 11:0 liumilum. Smith 120 rnbrodiscnm, Morong 120 sagittrofolinm, Pursh 120 variegatnm, Engelm 110 Nymi'ii/Ka abbreviata. Planch US ADvEX \, Solander 110 alba, Linn 110 alba, Walter 112 alba, ]\Iathiolus 112 alba fore pleno odorata, Gronovins. . . . 104 alba minor, Gmelin 112 aiba ,<• minor, Best Ill Amazonica, Hort IIS Annvzonum, Mart. & Zncc 118 ox NYMIMI.KACE.K. 128 PAfiH NvMi'ii.i'.A ivniplii, DC 1 !•"> tiriloliii, SuHmIi H!' Jiasiiiniiiiiii, 'riircki'zaiiiiiow llli I'eriuTiuiuii riiiiic'li 118 liiiiuliiitii, Sonuneraiier 111,112 Itliuiihi, Meyer 11" llonclieiina, Iloit 117 cuTiilen, Kennedy 115 ficnileiii Savi;:iiy 117 eaiiilnlu: I'li.hs.' 112 Candida. I're.sl Ill C-aimn.sis, Hort IHi C'l.teka, Koxl) IKi (•iil)(i^;((nnen, I.orinser 112 eyniica, llorl llfi I'anUmeyana, lloit IKi (lenlatn, Hort 1 KJ Pevonitnsis, Hort 117 Dunin.sii, Sapnrta IIM ediilis, [)(' 116 ok'.gans, Hooker 114 Euiiniensis, Plancli 118 orytliro(wi)a, Hentzc 112 l''i>nzeliana, lielini US fluva, Leitner 11;j l''i.i'7iciii:iii X Hit lioribus fhivis, Clayton 119 foliis aniplioribiis, ei e., Br 105 Gardnoriana, riancii 118 gigantea, Hooker 115 ( ioudotiuna, Plancli IIH gracilis, /ucc 118 Guinensisi Tlionn. et Scliuin 118 Hndolotii, riancli 118 intermedia, Woikor 112 Jamesoiiiana, Planch 118 Japosica 120 Kalniiaiia,Sinis* 120 Kostoletzkyi, I'alliardi 112 lasio|)liylla, Mort. et Ziicc. 118 Jvcihorgi, Slorong 114 longifoiia, Miclix 120 Lotus, Linn 117 Lotus, Koxl) 1 1 (■ Lotns, Waldst. et Kit 117 Lotus, var. rubra, Hort 117 i.UTBA, Linn 119 lutea.Tliunb 120 lutoa. Treat 115 lutea ,<• Kalniiana, Mic'iix 120 lutoa ;<. minima, Willd 120 niacnlata, l*ii(inesi.\»KV\\..\, Gricnc 120 punctata, Kar. ot Kiril 112 pseudopygmica, Lciini 118 puliescens, Wiiid 117 imlcliclla DC 118 i'r.Mii.A, Hofm 120 pygmasa, Aiton 112 Kaja, L(\lim 118 reniformis, Walter. 114 rotnndifolia, Hsntze 112 rubra, Koxl) 117 rulirodisca, ( iroene 120 Rudgeana, Meyer 118 sagittata, Persoon 120 ' sagittata, Hort 117 sagitta^folia, Salisb 120 sagittifolia, Walter 1 20 sc'itifolia, DC 115 scutilblia rosea 110 semiaptera, Klinggrteff 112 8])irali8, Kafinesquo 114 splondens, llentze 112 stellata, Willd IKi stollata, var. purpurea IIG Sturtevanti X, A. Gr 117 tetragona, Georgi 112 thermalis, DC 117 tuberosa, Paine 114 tu.ssilagitblia, Lelim 118 umbiiicalis, Salisb 119 urccolata, Hentze 112 venusta, Hentze 112 versicolor, Hort 110 Victoria, Schcmbk 109 Zanzibarensis, Casjiary 110 Zanzibarensis (1. rubro IKi Tanuiril 121 Yu-roiti A Amazonica, Plandi 1 09 Cruziana, d'Orbigny 109 Fitzroyana, Hort 1 15 REOIA, L'mdleij 109 r