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Lorsque le document est trop grand pour Atre reproduit en un seul cllchA, il est filmA A partir de Tangle supArleur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images nAcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mAthode. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 i i i LECTUBE ^ DeUVCRKO SEFORE THS SAINT JOHN M\ EIRLY CL0SIN6 ASSOCKATUft AT Tilt HALL OF THE MECHANICS' mSTITUTE, BV ^9 ^ HON. JOSKPH HOWE, NWEMBEB 28, IS59. PillNTED AT TUE OFHCE OF THB MOBMNG N^W'S : AND TO 1 UAD AT ALL llli ^K^a^^S. ■%mitr*^' ) nl ;• •' rVI /iih . ; 'nil 't .'ii:)!' i'i ', i.h)V //• io -rUi ,!->> •Mil .;i V1t'')«l 'jlmiK 'x'J ••,vti- uifivr. 1 rtjjo " LECTURE. >n; I I I YouNo Mbn 01^ New Brunswick !«— Asked to addreas yon oh this occasion, how could I refuse ? A complimeiit is convey' ed in the ]re<[ueBt, but the pleasures of this meeting, permit me to assure you, are mutual. You desire to see a veteran, of whom you have heard and read somewhat — ^perhaps to trace the snow-fall of time upon his brow, and to speculate upon the reality of his power to move and sway opinion. I am delighted to look into your young faces, and to read in your flashing eyes the future destinies of this noUe Province, in which I have ever taken so deep an interest. You must not expect from me an oration. "I am no orator, as Wilmot is." Though I have had some practice, I have rarely spoken, except when I had something to do. If I could have got it done without speaking I would have held my tongue. Whei I could not I was compelled to reason, and perhaps sometimes to declaim, like other people, rarely having much time to prepare ; but, doing my best, if, as ^most always happened, my heart was in £e business of the hour. But, wliat have I to do here ? To give you pleasure ? Would that I could ! But I knew enough of Boyhood — re- member too well its heady impulses and sweet attractions, not to dread the competition which any grave senior must dare who enters upon this task. Confess, honestly, are there ifive of you who would not rather be rowing a boat, galloping 'a pony, or catching a oricket-ball, at this moment, than listen- ing to me ? Nay, is there one, who would give up a moon- light walk, with a pair of blue eyes sounding the deptki ef jiis soul, for all the lecturers on this continent, Edward £v«t«tt |md Ward Beecher not excepted ? Yet, as you have, at some iacriflces, I know, given up your youthful sports, and come lerc this night to do me honor, I would, as I have already w Baid, g'latUy give you pleasure. By delivering a Lecture, per- haps 1 might not succeed, and I do not feel that my own life has l)ccn so faultless as to entitle me to lecture anybody ; hut my lioart is full, and 1 know you will believe me when I say that I wish yours could be made better by the overflow of feelings, which, at the sight of your young faces, it is not very easy to control. 1 iiave much to say to you, not as " one having authority,'' lint in kindness and mutual trust,, ponf^difiig in your sympathy and good sense. Every mknwmy' age ^has much to say to every youth he meets — nmch that some try to say, who do not always succeed, for the simple reason that they lecture austerely, sententiously, or too long, and young men are not apt to learn much from those who weary them, or of whom theyisace- afraid/ W«U>meaning people /often try, rather i-onglrlyy to '*pu<; old h^ads upon young shoulderii,'' and do noi^ almava succeedi' Luhouldiike tcM. chiEinge'my ol^ head for la.' yoongieivonevfor thieiTiiiafhtnt leaitt, that iisiig'ht. mingle -with' you mthmit r^«tii'aiii4;^win)yaii by odmi>anlon»hip.' W^a*' I havo t«> sa»;^ I r»n)iri^doyhoodi. L would iiliei to malfe yoii»M'i>rip and beijter* }f\' \iMnniniBt you to^ accept and dwell upon>itho little th alii' am; uompetohl tla'tesaciii.' .'•• «.'»i'j .;:• ^<- .■;> '•!. h\. ;_■> ■•yi'. ■:'[ r.o; You have FaithoiwrnndiN'^cstHew; aMoythi^y be ioiigspievred> to yonl iMinoarteidead'.i What ivUould I nottg^'fl forthe rfes- tltiitroint oif.pymlegiwi wvhicKifvbii onjdy, andtIi<»uitVfiuffici«Ady' valuer!.- How pi'eoioUH,lt»lnie^iwcvwlAib(iES' «ven oi^ hdup of in^' tinsW^oursie lwilbh(»^ai'e!Jiitsi*''^otfo ' HfcanrtfUir **!6inctimea • gained, wimsiv affltidnctenpf i affection^ I Je vfeb pei-hapai ^uld > iijenKure, t>ll my g^|i»p<%rcnttd cofcfe^'taughbnutf to* do them juetim ; The fiPBt-'thidtt)5htvtkat»'»a«bs.totliiXy'fepf"'\^hoft iiseft an iragenuaa*' ym\ th ; in »fdiom I 'talce sui /interok/; is . , l^ 'H-o^^ tlw tl?)attidp« and thy Motii^iV xirt/tJiat Ihy dayfeliiifty'lie loiil^jn th^ land whicli the Lord thy=Gddigiveth'th«te,"ib:it«ftir iwanyfbtliBr reaeouB^ i How/ tomd^rly tft«y< "watob l&v^v iu», frbhithe' knoment tviteii the first w»ili«gafy^dppob;l8tt6!the«r)qeiittribihtia*s to the paiftin^ .h»ur, \vfoen: tScflri(^tt'th6 affeotibn uptinvAvhidlii thivgravc IB dhdut'itO! close. ■«/<■•! nr> Hiii.jjjfof uli 11/; v>i Aiwi. hid ' ii>ove and^ tenr^ratc your jyahronta, tbehv yoiaiig rfieh ©f ^'Nmr Brunp-'iirick. Thi« Jsthe beginning 'of 'wiRdom.f)hediehb» 'is lirti:n|»'c duty, but obedience iaiiot enooght ' Seek to Kturn, \ i ) -/ T w f >>y ftrt\i(4UH 8olicitud« niid tender cate, tliC w.tt^hfnl aflVfcfion that they bestow ttn you. -'Yo^ can tt^ver r(^|>n!y them fof i!te \vaking hours they have ^vcn to- ^(mrh(4pll«?f'.s infancy i'thtj fjlayflil tendernieH*r witH -whicli thft^ hut^ trained you in early lilb ; the anxious toil by which they have' provided Ibi* yciur ihai'fttihoL(ld have grtne d- strike out with therjify ; and, trust me, ydu ibtt shall reach ;«he shore: ■ ' •nwftqbni. •»' Second 'otily' to the Viuty which yort f those in humble station^, ^iib maybfe tdu^ ^r cheerful oboUienco by courtesy, an nureiy an thoy will be rendered moroie and negligent by coarMenesH and iU*teniper. I never allow a member of my household to epeak rulely to a servant. I never do it myself; and in a pretty extensive intercourse with the world, 1 have discovered that, in the beat regulated establishments, domestic and commercial, it is never done. I sailed in a ship once, and, from the commencement to the end of the voyage, the captain did nothing but scold and bully the men. When he read the Church Service on the quarter-deck, on Sunday morning, be would curse the sailors in one breath, and ask forgiveness of their sins in the next. " John," said a nobleman of the highest rank, in my hearing, " will you have the kindness to, shut that door ?" and his politeness, even to a domestic, struck me. as adding lustre to his title. These may seem to be small matters, but remember how large a class they affect. Servitude is hard enough ; let us soften its rigors by courtesy, and win the cordial co-opera- tion and hearty sympathy of the humblet classes by generous consideration for their feelings. i '-;,('> 1 1 To those who employ you, you are boun^, in all honor and good faith, to be obedient and: respectful. Study their interests and they will study yours. Le^i^: rapidly the range of your prop<^r duties and labor to e^ctend it' . Whatever is given you in charge despatch with energy, assiduity and zeal, and prepare to assume higher responsibilities, that, you may merit promotion. From your entrance into an establish- ment consider the business your own, and act as if it was. It will be in time if you are vigilant, frugal and intelligent. In a new country the poor boys of one generation are the rich men and prosperous citizens of the next. Whatever may be your occupation make yourselves masters of it. Examine the general principles applicable to it, and study it in all its details. Treat your employers with deference, and customers with promptness and civility, and long before you have grown to manhood there will be men^s places ready for you. A lazy boy, in the country, once complained to me of want of em- ployment, and asked what he should do. I told him to pull out the stump in front of his father's door, and then to work out- wards, attacking all the stumps and stones he could find, till he had doubled the value of the farm- It is a good, rule, in any sort of business, to begin somewhere and woik outwards. George Stqphenson did this, and his biogTaphy should be in the hands of every young man who wishes ito suco^ed^ He began life as a poor boy in a colliery, with two pence per day fbr his wages. Thi# was his first base of opcrationi^. But he I r be i m He day Biit ho (IhI his dutv, and earned hlii wagen, und toon begun to work outwaruB. Bv industry, and by doing weH the littlr that he had to do, he fioon doubled and trebled hifl income. He vvaa paHsin^ rich when he could earn a shilling a day. He learned to mend Hhoea and watcher, and in his leisure hours earned enough to buy books and commence his educa- tion. When entrusted with the care of a small engine, her took it to pieces every week and cleaned it with his own hands, and thus became familiar with its mechanism and powers. He studied practical hydraulics, and detected the defects of the common pumps used in the works. When a valuable mine was flooded, he suggested improvements and cleared it of water. Step by step he rose in the estimation of all around him. He was entrusted with a mine, and when there was an explosion of fire-damp, he lowered himself down the shatt, rallied the terrified workmen, and, at the risk of his life, built a brick wall, which shut out the air, smothered the fire, and savetl the property. By this time, you will per- ceive, he had worked outwards a long way. He was known far and wide, as a man of energy and varied resources. His old fellow- woi'kmen were proud of him, and capitaKsts con- sulted him and paid him well. Out of that explosion of fire-damp he wrought an increase of reputation. Hundreds of colliers had been blown up, but he was perhaps the only one who reflected seriously how explosions might be pre- vented. He constructed a safety lamp, and divides to thija: hour, with Sir Humphrey Davy, the merits of that useful invention. Stephenson now turned his attention to the rough tram roads in use about the mines. He increased their power oy better grades, and greater stability of construction. He ex- amined the rude locomotives, that others had invented, audi which were so inefficient that horse power was generally preferred. ' He improved them, and having convinced btmself of the latent powers slumbering in the lQv the other book in our language, so calculated to inspire a young man with thq laudable ambition and steady perseverance so indispensable to sijicces^ in any walk of life. fi; ./ Though Providence does not vouchsafe to every man the brilliant suceesK which' Stephenson achieved, ?tiS m fair and i\ 'nHi(l<(yrftn(;e ih 'Ittiy jIAi'Huit. iV there be <*M|>ricity ther^ U ho tv.Mt^n' Why tho 'Vri*nit(4 slioiild n(»t be brill.ulntl i took a jU)()r f riMh })oy out of the ntrert!«, who hru^ tjrt jSm-entH^j^nd who eonid neither r('«(l nor write. I tailght him to do ]f0th ; and before he wa?< out rtt' hi« time he tniij^ht lihn^elf Freneh and Lhtin. He- ii* novVone ol' tlie bpi"t speaU- et'r< and write it^ in a neijjfhhoHiija: Provirtce, and has held higli olReert in the country where he fi^iden. ' ilc^ owed his nucoens to the wadineHft wiih which li<^'aTflit^<| liimn^lf of the meann of insrtruetloh Avithin hi* reach. Uc biejjfan where ho hap- pened to fihd hlniHclt* phic^d, and woHced outwardH, Avhich it* if I found myself m a bank, a cmintihV:-hoilHe, ov a mer- chant's ftoiy^/lwc'jnld' begin ?/y ntudyinis^ rtiy employers first, jind then eVehbody W' the prethisf?* 'with whoi.i my daily duties bro««j:ht me ihto i^immilnToatloti. I would do this that F might aVoid giving riffe^jiire, arid know how to ^ake myself rno^ uKcfui iiiid acceptlibl^ ', hrtt by'liiean co/nnliancc and fineakirij^'sefvillty, but "by dblng tJie'right thing tit the right rhbment, AVlth genferal acceptttrttt'ltrtfail concerned. I w<*iihe e^i^tablJsuhment, taking i'ii'r^''' "to understand; the/ dutiew of the prtlti^utlar branch en- Mt^ted' to me first; arid tO' pt^rfofrti th(^m with vigilance and frtUltI^f«s ' kccUraty. ' Fi'om the fek fit xv^iich I sat or the .H6Urlter fit whicVf i*t©6d,'l ^^i\u\d Avoi-k #rtltwai\ls, fill I knew • Ac cotrt^Atu 61' (H'^ry hooHv, of <^leiy rifiHiV of evory 'ves^sGl and warehouse, that came legitimately witliin tlie i-ange of our 'Hji^atiohs, tlin knew the value ot* ^Ve^5't^^"S W© bought ^nd h'6ld— the face of dverV^ custoiner. ''"f '*'^' !..,;, • *D\inias' novt^l^, bilUatds rjnft hoWliug-paloons, aw nil very attrrtctive, but -vat! cannot live l}ythese,an;i:l(l,.ru,th('r tliiiii HC(; tlwit dear old molhor, ho Hcvcrnly tri^'d, liTO, l^n] om* hour .ionw<'i" itt tlio nlmdo\v,'of tliw durk olpud ? \Vj»o wo\«l(l l)(>\v.d(>'Wii tlie IU*avrnt», upon hor.U('>\id, a^id hyJioartirj'ctDif*".*, idlruiiMH, iiiiUtc'Htion, inncijurat'y, prolli^'ucy or iVaud, .so d;irJo\n lun* hin'izon, tliat Njeij^y 119 hit oV hlui; any \vhv-i*c— no streak oi'lij^'lit— li'cUntf ,'/.t,jj„fni/iu f>|||'.jrt ,jirM/I«*s -jtj • ;. i'j.i^ i,'f ..iiitHowBhnrpor tbpn a Kcrpont'H tooth it i>|f ,.; ,., ,tf.9iu t, To huvu a thanklobs (,'hil(I, ' , , ^l^c ,p:ivr.«» up the hattlc ot' lite, nnd tiirnn tlio j)lait*< of that niouriuny; eap lowprdn the wall that no one may i-ee her die. ••(We may haVe HiHterf*, aye, a^roup of them — bicd in conifort, pcrhapw in luxury, and we are orphans all. The mourning? time i^ ]>ai5t. nud th»' crape and black homhn/ane \n\\q been laid anidoi .The nprin^!: it* coming, and Hunnhine and exercit«e have revised the roMen upon their iiheekn, nnd there are rown onae more 011. tlw;ir ho^ouM ftndiin their lia,ir. God ble^rf theuii, how .h«awtifui.,thry arh I , , .So s»'*^*< 'fuii >•'<> uatm',al, so ^oodrrn with quiek peroeptionrtland keen t'iMi.ubilitiea-i-Ho. hopeful, tK) lovi»j,'vHo eoniidiiis:. GodJielp them ! How littU^ tlioy know of the. hand, caai*s'e,i<;xactin^, »*elti>sh world, into wjiivjii, Imt for our. industryi, ' «eoi>omy • and llbrethought, they ; m^y 1 h^v.e to dewJt'iid. Tiic'o; how »oud tiifty hove been J« u«** .^Ipvf tl^^y have irianjx to uss when \vv Avcre Had,.u»>dJau^hf'diat WH wheo we'WfPe \yiifull IIo\\? ithcyj haMe.iUiuj^ht, un : pnetty , >f.'co|n- plLshiuufnt.-* aifid firhti'e mannf^i*/*.- How they ho-ve cjimnjcdu** from gtfranwe.ojidhrf and.'con.Vrtfl e;tpro«jrtioiif, ])icked up, in the HtreetH.'. Huwthey hav.<^ toufiht)*!?* to love hprpp, by iSw? pvfn:n HowiMjjjs' of 'rtatural, ikifrit^tierlii, stut the Gvtjfk was},' taught architecture, by tlie ex u)»' i»uUeo . *>f V(t)i;eta))le . lite,., 1 , An^l ivovv, for ii6ur irteanH.aiMj.vSQanlfy, l:#Jmll that hojue beibr^ki^nup/ii We tliouf^ht wil wfM^:rLc;herth»n w^ ar!^, but there Ay^rJtion-f-HhaU thatihomrlt^obroki^^, yp? ; ict it, in the n amo of CQi»m<>» j««ti0e , i if i itf) caau^iot, . J^p hpnc^tly maiiiteiued. But it. eaa, «mlfif it- ^^13^, w ther/^fviyownSiUnf^fi licinfe that w0uld: inot ijq[iflplfie.i,tho,fe^<>r0 Jfl-th^H'Q; ope who wouhiiijiot )pace)\vijiajr5tfi» a>wi >vmT>hQ\*a«6t ii* jiUj-wcji^l^r? — whov/weuid'iiot k|i(»p bo0li$, atmly pjli«es cu^l•ed by f your ir and iiealth, dciicy it^lanrr, pwlngv 11 fttibris, if you havo leisure for them ; and if yon get up a gymnasium, you may have leaping, swinging and climbing, and many other innocent sports and games, at small expenae. Every man should learn to back a horse, to swim, and to shoot with pistol and rifle, while he is young. Nobody can tell, at what moment he may be called upon to save his own. life, or the lives of others, by these accomplishments; and when your country caU^ on you for defence, if you have them, she does not find yoil unprepared. Walking costs nothing, but shoe leather, and long walks invigorate the body and clear the head. ■'^•:"v; ' ':"-;V''/^"V ''• .' Thousands of ybtitig'rn'^n, particularly thoi=ie bred to the professions, di^e of dyspepsia and other kindred ailments, because they neglect the' laws of health. The fine develop- ments of the hurnart frame which ancient sculptors have preserved, resulted from' the piiblic games and martial exer- cises of Greede idnd Rome. The ancient Roman brought out the perspiration upon his body at least three times a day. The field sports and village games of England keep up the vigor of thte race, and when Englishmen go abroad theviUus- trate' "the metal of thfeif pastures." ir,' 'Yoti share the mingled blood of three or four of the fore- most natioiis Of the wotld. Ybur climate is healthy, and vdth a litlile care you can always keep yoUr bodies in high condition. The process is simple, by which a boxer brings a man up to thfe' highest point of physical hardihood and (endurance. I'he formulia, is Easily learned arid not soon forgotten. It include,** only cleanliness, air, plain food, regular hours and hard exercise. Br^d to a sedentary. Occiipation, a,nd compelled to follow it closely as the cohditioii Of success, I should have been dead long ^go, had I hot couhieracted its inevitable ten.- deft^i'es by c'oftst^iit 'M.ttfeiitlort t6 exercise in the open air. After a gallop of twenty ifiilfe^,'^ walk of ten, or an hour's hard wotk in thfe i^6keft-fc6'iirt, I could always study and Write for three or foUr days and higWts, if there was a. necessity for so siiver'e a strain. WKeti i!h^rfe "i^as hot I spi^nt at least two hours 6f every day ■ lipiiltny' fee?. ''''^''^■■;'' ' ,'}'!^''/'y['. Clever men, w/th feisble* coii'^titutions, are here and there dotfed about the iVorid'oflitef^tUre and sdience, of law, of medicine, or of trade. But these exceptions to the general rule prove nothing.. These 'men wbuld aH hayte been more able had they been ttioore yobjU^t. , Thb piastjer^ pf the world [have generally been men of* Vigorous and sound. constitutions. [Take cAre of th^'body; airid th^ niii/d mA^ cultivated to the [highest Veach'br 'its 'capacity.' T6' be happy you must bo healthy ; and good health, as a general rule, is the first condi- tion of success in any pursuit. As respects your studies, it in impossible to lay down any general rules applicable to all cases. Much depends on circumstances — on leisure, opportunities, time and place. Young men, whose parents can afford to give them a regular education, can do nothing better than go industriously through the best seminaries in the Province. But I assume that most, if not all of you, have passed the period when scholastic edu- cation is within your reach. Henceforward, then, you must depend upon your own exertions, and educate' yourselves. Is this possible ? To my mind there is nothing more easy. \l never went, but to a Grammar School in the summer months, and left it to go to work before I was thirteen. All that I know I have learned since, by reading, conversation, travel, and the utterance of thought. Printers, in my time, had no Early Closing Associa.tion, and during the ten years that I gave to the mechanical departments of the business, I often worked, particularly in the winter months, from fifteen to eighteen hours a day. Yet, even in the busiest years of my life, from thirteen to three and twenty, I found time to read a good many books. During the twelve years that I edited a public journal, thotigh a great deal of time was frit- tered away in newspaper reading, and in small controverdes incident to an editor's life, I read much of history, national and constitutional law, political economy, biography, and any quantity of reviews, novels and light literature, and yet I did a day's work almost every day. Since 1840 I have been constantly engrossed with public business ; often up to my eyes in the fire and smoke of politics — frequently too much engaged to open a book during the day, and yet I have managed to read three or four hours almost every evening, and to enlarge my intellectual range by travel and observation. You can aU do as much — many of you a great deal more, if you set resolutely about it. There is not a young man here who cannot give his day to business, take a couple of hours for exercise, and yet give three or four to books and conversation before going to deep. One good rule I can give you : Never read or think in b^. Tom Moore tells us That Kicherand, the Frendiphjnsician, Declares the clock-work of the head Goes best in that Teclined position. But my experience is against the practice. Weary your selves with exercise and study, and then go to sleep. Wellington TT public wlitics ig the houTB range -ma^y There iBinesB, or four inb^. obacrved, that " when a man turned in bed it was time to turn out of it ;" and I do not believe that a merchant who thinks all night of his buBiness will have his head very clear to transact it in the morning. •' Divinity, lie there !" said the ))arson, who stripped off his cassock, that he might trounce a rude fellow who had insulted him ; and, when 1 throw ofi" my coat at night, I say to business and politics, " lie there," arid rest the mental machinery till the following morning. But, you may ask me, what ought you to read ? You might almost as well ask me what you are to eat. Some ingenious author has written a book entitled " What to eat, drink and avoid." What to read or not to read is the diHicult question of the day. Our ancestors partially settled it by burning a bad book by the hands of the common hangman. But this was before the invention of power presses, and the general diffusion of education. You can buy a broker's list of uncur- rcnt notes anywhere. What a pity it is that we cannot purchase a catalogue of books that nobody should read. Certain works are yet prohibited in despotic countries, but, however stupid or mischievous, they are admitted if they contain nothing against the government. Now, what we want is an " inspection law," under which books may be examined and condemned, not for being dangerous to this or that form of civil polity, but for being stupid, unreadable and exhausting to the human mind. Good books might be classed as they class ships at Llovd's, and bad ones should be branded as offenders a^^ainst the laws of sound literature and common sense. But there is no such tribunal, except the Reviews, and they are often written in the interests of party or of the publishers, so we are lefl to find our own way as we can. Fortunately, we have what are called " standard works," in every language, and abundance of them in our own. Stick to these, and you cannot go wrong. " Knowledge," says Disraeli, "is like the mystic ladder in the patriarch's dream. Its base rests on the primal earth, its crest is lost in the shadowj' splendors of the empyrean ; while the great authors, who, for traditionary ages, have held the chain of science and philosophy, of poesy and erudition, are the angels, ascending and descending the sacred scale, and main- taining, as ii were, the communication between man and heaven." What you should read must depend a good deal uj^on what you are to do. There are certain general factd, iri history, geography and the sciences, which every merchant, ever} respectable mechanic, every gentleman^ is expected^ to '/ '1 ,1 "IT krtow. We must master these, becaliH'e, without them, \v^ cannot mix in society, or get along at alU The more we tean accumulate; of these general facts, w^ich underlie all hu.^inest?^ and form the vertebra) of the mental structure, the better pre- pared shall we be to make farther advances, in any direction. A certain acquaintance with ancient literature, which, by the aid of good translations, is accessible to all, can hardly be dispensed with ; and we; must know pomething of the best writers, British and American i, who have illustrated "our land's language," and without a knowledge of whose finest passages we can hardly 6ntet ai draWing-room or sustain a conversation. . Thus fat we must tread common paths, and thanks be to ProvideAce, and to the gre«tt men who Have gone before us, they are very attractive; You all remember Walter Savage Landor's beautifal lines upon the sea-shell : — Shftke it-, ahd it attrakens, theft apply ' y . ' Its j^oliahedlips to your »ttetotive 6lMS:/^"'ti' , , ' And it tenk&tnbpB its august abodes, . , And hiutmufs ias the ocean miirmtirs there. Tt is thus that an old book murmurs to ,u& of the heroic ages, in which it. received its polish and inspiration., Wordsworth,- speaJving, of the com=mpn bleosings and. charities of life^ says? •'.ii:!' ^ ';« Believe It ftot! :)■<' ' i^ ''■''■"■ The primal duties shine ajoftlik^. ijtars, ; The charities tiial soothe, and Ileal and bless, , . Are scattered at tW leet of ttifeh like flowers ; The generous in(!Untition,thb just rule; , KiAd wishes and j^od ac^onsf ^f^xd pure thpugbts^ j . . < Ko , my ste?^y is ,here, no special ^on > v , , . , , , ; j , ^ , , !For high aitt'd not for low, ifor prbudiy grkced And not fo* meek of heaft. ' The sinoke ascends ' " To h6a,yen as Ii^ht|.y fi;oin the cottage hearth ,, ' Asfroin^hehauehtypaiape.',', . j ,. ..i ini ,< ,'. ■ The ^a^ifC n^ay be said of our genuinfe English) litei'atur^'. There is not a lad in the Province who cannot eai*n < and spar^ a shillings > With th^tt shilling he can buy an Eri^sh clafisic, and) before he has. got it by heart, he can earn another shil" ling and buy another ibook. The day; has > gone /by when Utpratu^e waft iCipnfin^d to the ocloiBter andi books Were chained tO; the df^sl^. The noblest I thou^htsv the inmost Solemn tihith», the choicest imagery, ftre, by a kind 'Pro\iden«e and >''th^ unlicensed liberty of printing," "scattered at the feet of men \jike , flavvers." , See, Ihat you . gather . yoiiir sharey my young j(r|en(:}s^;^i|d then.let'ue look round add seb what ib next toh& ;, ■;:/ .■• ■' '-■ '•'> '^■'':'- i}.',''" ■■■.'>'■'.•■ •■','" ■' ,, I Therein 4 ciertsilft rlEmge of study' and invelstigationappU- .•7 :i / I'.hi)^!!' VF k'abte to every ))ursmt. A young merchant sliouM read Adam I K^mith as carefully as i youn;^ student at law reads Blackstone. i The host books on bankinjif, currency and exc\mny;c should also l)c read. The commercial dictionaries are full ef facts; and tlie best mercantile maj^azines, the London Economist, and other kindred publications, contain much valuable informa- tion. Prices current, though dull readin;a:, should be daily glanced over, because, upon the rise and fall of stocks and commodities, pi'ofit and loss deper^d. To young men who are studying law I need say nothing, because their course of reading will be prescribed l)y the gentlemen in whose offices they labor, and be guided by the nature of the examinations they are to pass. To those who intend to devote themselves to civil and mechanical engineer- ing, a fnmiUar acquaintance with the niathemalics may be regarded as indir^pensable. Young sailors should study navigation, the use of instruments, and those branches which are ])resoribed by Act of ParUament, or by the regulations of the Board of Trade. ; . But, to all 1 would say: "Begin some v^hrre, and work outwards." Get to the heart of the. matter which lies nearest to the pursuit by which you are to live. Desultory reading m.iy be useful, but read with a piu'pose, and «iim at dejinite results. Sir James Stephen, whose death I notice in the l)apers with some regret; was for many years Under Secre- tary, at the Colonial OlTice. He studied history assiduously, while overwhelmed with departmental labour. When he retired, on a pension, he became I'rofessor of Modern History in the University of Cambridge. Sir James lays down a sound rule for successful investigation : " Take a basis. I took the history of Europe from the overthrow of the Roman Empire ;" and he gives to all, who desire to study their coun- tiy's annals, this sound advice : " I hold that no man can have any just conception of the history of England who has not read, and iiieditated, and karned to love, the great poets of England." Sir Archibald Allison, whose great work is per- haps familiar to- you all, says : " Literature has been the delight, but it has not been the occupation of my life, and the works which have procured for me the high honor which T now enjoy, have been but the amusements of evenings, aller days spent in laborious occupations." If these great mea^ could discharge, with accuracy and zeal, the daily' duties (|^ life, and yet rise to distinction in departauents of human knowledge which those daily duties did not necessaiijy iiicludc, what is to hijr'lcr yru from mastering all the knew- 1 TTTT [; ) Ivdf^o whicli hvmra upon the purriuitn l)y which you arc to Uvr, , and from winninjaf diHtinction, either within or beyond their ; rancfo, by a wise appropriation of your time ? j , Thomas Carlyie, the most original essayiHt of the day, whose restoration of Cromwell to his true j)lacc in English history," is a national service for which we should all feel grate^-r-whose great work on the French Revolution has been translated into all languages, was the son of a J^otch IVirmer, and ho pursued his solitary studies, for years, on a NithsdjE^le farnj, with nobody to talk to but the minister. What a lesson may you not learn from a single passage of his early lite. " When I was a student," he says, " 1 resolv ed to I make myself master of Newton's Principia; and although I had not at that time, knowledge enough of mathematics to make the task other than a herculean labor to me, yet I read and wrought unceasingly, through all obstructions and difficulties, until I had accomplished it ; and no Tamerlane con([ueror ever felt half so happy as I did when the terrible book lay subdued and vanquished before me." If a poor Nithsdale boy could thus master the most difficult work in the language, what may you not do, my young friends, by (Steady perseverance p.nd a right application of your powers? Discard, at once and forever, the absurd idea that " a Uttlo knowledge is i\ dangerous thing." "If you cannot," says Thomas C£j,mpbell, " grasp the circle of the sciences, grasp what you can," Dismiss from your minds, also, the belief that labor is a curse. If it be true that an idle brain is the devil's workshop, the brain that works the hardest, in right directions, must elevate its i)ossessor nearest to the angels, who love most in proportion to their knowledge ; and bow with greater reverence before the throne of the Creator, as they comprehend more clearly, day by day, the mechanism of the universe and the laws by which it is controlled. " La- bor," says Henry Glassford Bell, " is twice blessed." It blesses him who toils, and those who are enlightened and benefitted by his industry. There is oUo view to be taken of your obligations, ii:^y young ^ friends, which I have not touched. Far above alt earthly considei-ations of self, of home, or of family — second only to the duties which you owe to God, are those which your ,CQuntry has a right to cla^m. W'here does the au^ its richest radiance shed ? Wlierc are the choicest gifts of Nature spread ? On what blest »pot does evei^y simple flower llear to the sense a ^harm of mag-^v power. "NVliil-j Fancy clothcts with beauty every hill, And music murmurs in each crystal rill ; Wliilc all the eye burvcys can charms impart, That twine, unhroken, round the generous heart, Tis where our household gods securely stand In the culm bosom of our native land. Where rest the honored ashes of our sires, Where burn, undimmcd, our bright domchtic ftres ; Where we first heard a mother's silvery tone And felt her lip, enraptured, meet our own ; Where we first climbed a doting father's knee. And cheered his spirit with our childish glee. Yes, there's a £eeling, that, from pole to pole, To one dear spot still fondly links the soul. Exiled from home Foscari pined and died ; And, as the Hebrew, by Euphrates' side. Thought of the scenes that blest his childish hours, Canaan's shady groves and rosy bowers, The founts of feeling, ftlkd in other years. Poured o'er his wasted cheek a flood of tears. The wanderijig Swiss, as through the world he roves, tSighs to behold the Alpuie land he loves ; And even Lapland's rude, untutored child. With icy pinnacles around him piled. Slumbers in peace upon his lichen bed. Though the gaunt wolf may howl around his head. The poet truly adds : — And bices the feeling, for it ever leads 'J'o sacred thoughts, and high and daring decdf). May it be so, in all your cases, my young friends. May Xew Brunswick ever possess, in full measure, the rich inherit- .ince of her children's love ; and may you ever act under tlie strong conviction that there is a noble country, presently to become a nation, whose great heart may be wounded or strengthened by your behaviour. " What will they say in England?" was Nelson's first and last thought. Let your'a over be, what will they say in New Brunswick ? What will they they think in the Provinces ? Store your minds with Icnowledge ; be not ashamed to do your country's work day by day, and to live thereby ; but master every noble accom- j)Ushment within your reach, and " be ready^aye ready." Tell could not have hit the apple if he had not learned to xhoot, nor could David have vanquished the Philistine if he had not learned to sling. See that you have arrows in your quiver and pebbles in your sack, when your country calls you to exertion. British America is rapidlj' expanding into an Empire. Her future is full of hope and promise for you all. Every man's hour for exertion sounds at some time- When yours sounds, be ready ; and, in the meantime, in all your, labors, studies and amusements, may the blessing of the Most High descend upon you, fitting you for the triab of the earth, and training you for Hea,ven. 'f ' -. . f 'I '■ .i 'r •>.'■. , i . . I' - .11' T^^^ * BOOKS, STATIONERY, &c. W. K. CiiAwit>w>, Bookseller and Stationer, No. 38, iing Street, St. John, N. B., hai oonstandy on hand, a arge and select Stock of MisccJlaneous, Historical, Theological and School fiooka, Blank Books of all sizeti ind bindings. Plain and Fancy 8tfttionenr, Sunday School Libraries ana Ricwards, at wholesalo and retail. *^* Orders received for English and American papers md magazines. 0. 38, nd, a »rical, i sizes •ehool >apcrs .i^: