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TllK

SCOTT ACT m PEOHIBITIOlf I

THE HOPE OF CANADA.

BY REV. I!. WALLACH.

TORONTO:
WILLIAM BRIGGS, 78 k 80 KING STltEET EAST.

MONTREAL : (;. W. C'l>ATE.S. II.VLIFAX : S. K, Ill'KSTIS.

1885.

^i^^^^^^^^i^^^^^i^?^^^^^^^^,;^

1^1

National Library Bibliothdque nationale
of Canada du Canada

THE

SCOTT ACT AND PROHIBITION

THE HOPE OF CANADA.

i-:

BY REV. R. WALLACE

TORONTO:

WTT.IJAM TlTfTanS! 70 *• an VTXrn aTpuuT pact
MONTREAL : C. W. COAXES. HALIFAX : S. F. HUESTIS.

1885.

THE SCOTT ACT AND PROHIBITION
THE HOPE OF CANADA.

The writer has made the subject of Temperance a
special study for more than forty years, and was asked
in December, 1884, to prepare a paper for the Toronto
Ministerial Association, on " The Scriptural Argument
for Prohibition." In that paper I have shown that
there is a manifest distinction made in the Word of
God between intoxicating and unintoxicating liquors,
and that the use of the former is always forbidden ;
that the wine made by our Lord at Cana, and used by
Him at the Passover, was unintoxicating, and also the
wine prescribed medicinally for Timothy.

That paper was published this year in the Canada
Cihzen, the organ of the Alliance, at No. 8 Kinir
Street East. ^

In that paper the medical question is also noted, and
the subject of prohibition is fully discussed, also in
my tract entitled " The Lesson of Statistics, or Facts
and Figures on the Temperance Question." If there
be a demand for that paper, which takes a wide range,
it may be published in a tract form for general circu-
lation. Meantime, I have been requested to publish
this sequel to it, which arose out of the discussion
which then took place. I the more readily comply as
I believe it is fitted to help on the Scott Act victories
throughout the land. The Senate has renewed its

oVio •-»■»/% ■Pill n i- ^ y> ..%» w> i. ~ X~ J i. i1 r^ ■ ■ . . - ' .

.--iiwiiiviiii auvcuiptcs ijkj uuKiroy tne ocott Act, by again
replacing their light-wine and beer amendments ; and
it IS feared that the House of Commons may be led to

•

adopt the same. If so, we warn thern that the conse-
quence will be the political death of those cowards or
traitors who seek thus to continue the wholesale mur-
der of our people, and to perpetuate the unutterable
woe caused to women and children by that accursed
traffic.

We would remind our legislators of the very stroncr
condemnation of that action of the Senate by all the
representative courts of all Evangelical Churches in
Canada, and of their warm approval of the Scott Act ;
and these bodies represent the great majority of the
leading people of Canada.

And we would call on all the Christian people of
the Dominion not to rest till the Scott Act be carried
in most of our constituencies, as a step towards prohi-
bition, and then to demand of our legislators, v/ho are
only the servants of the people, to enact a good Pro-
hibitory Law.

All that I have said in these papers of prohibition
relates equally to the Scott Act, which is local prohi-
bition, and is intended to prepare for a general law
for the whole Dominion. Let us mark every man that
stands in the way of saving the people of our country
from this greatest curse of the age.

It may be well to notice a few of the passages which
seem to be opposed to the views we have set forth.
Thus, Prov. xxxi. 6 : " Give strong drink to him that
IS ready to perish," etc. Some think that in the phrase
"ready to perish " there is allusion to the Jewish prac-
tice of administering a potion of strong mixed wine to
criminals, for the purpose of deadening their sensibility
to suffering. But the allusion, if such, is a sanction,
and even a command, and the pious mind must revolt
from the thought of a Scripture exhortation to make
men drunk and unconscious at the approach of death
The great Exemplar, w^hen about to die, was offered
wme mingled with myrrh, but He. refused it. Could
the Spirit that is in Christ ever have testified adversely

to thi3 ? Can intoxicating drink, in any caso, be pro-
perly recommended as an antidote to trouble ? Hannah
did not think so (1 Samuel i. 15 ; cf. James v. l;i).
Any rendering of the passage which will accord with
morality and religion, must exclude from the initial
word, TENA, the idea of a connuand. It may be read,
"It is not becoming for kings and princes to drink
wine and strong drink, lest they forget the law, though
should such drink be given to the afflicted, they will
simply drink and forget their own cares, and become
unconscious of their own misfortunes." The gram-
matical concord supports this view, for it is not " give
wine and strong drink to the afflicted, and make them
forget their troubles," but it is, " Give them wine and
strong drink, and the afflicted one will drink (yis-teh)
and he will forget (yishkekh) his distress." This style
is common in all languages, as in the proverb, " Give
some an inch, and they will take an ell." This may
be defined the logical imperative, in distinction from
the ethical.— (Dr. R. F. Lees.) Or it may be taken
as a permission to give wine medicinally. There are
cases of general suffering and distress, when wine may
be administered with salutary effect. The Samaritan
gave it to the wounded traveller, and Paul prescribed
it for his " beloved son in the faith." Many a sinking
spirit may be revived, and for^ t his misery under a
well-timed restorative. The rule laid down here is.
Give not wine to those that are well, in order to
gratify their palate, drown reason, and debauch the
soul, but to those that are' ready to die, in order to
soothe and relieve them. In their case, it may deaden
the pain, quicken the action of the heart, and lead to
restoration. Give the suffering what they need; if
they need wine as a restorative, give it. — (Bridges, Dr.
Thomas, Sic.) At most, this is a permission to give wine
MEDICINALLY. Give them, if at all, to the perishing,
who will find in them oblivion from their sorrows.
The whole passage may be viewed as a, double declar-

ation : " Intoxicatirii,' liquors are not fit for those who
are to thinlc and act for others," and "intoxicating
liquors are only fit for those who wish to lose the
power of thinkinrr and actin^r for themselves." Can
any stronrrer condemnation he passed upon intoxicat-
ing; compounds of every name? With a voice of
inlinite pity, the Son of God addresses the afflicted
and distressed, "Come unto me all ye that labour and
are heavy laden, and I will give you rest." (Matt,
xi. 2(S.)

2. There are some who think that our Lord and His
Apostles must have used the fermented wine of Pales-
tine, because it is said of the Apostles, by the unbeliev-
ing and mocking Jews at Pentecost, " those men are
full of new wine." (Acts ii. 13-15.) The .Jews wished
to evade the proof of the resurrection and ascension of
Christ, afforded by the miraculous gifts of the disci-
ples, by ascribing them to the effects of intoxication,
even as they had previously ascribed the miracles of
their Master to Satan. Philo, who lived at this time,
says, that " the most sober persons, abstainers, when
under the influence of a holy inspiration, seem to
others to be in a drunken state; and do, indeed,
exhibit some of the external appearances of nervous
inebriation."— (0*1 Drink, s. 30.) It is the form of the
slander that occasions the difficulty. The term used
is gleukos, which properly means the freshly expressed
juice of the grape, called " must," i.e., " new " or sweet
" wine." This " sweet wine," the juice of the grape,
preserved in all its original sweetness, could be ob-
tained at any season of the year. "That gleukos
was a term specially descriptive of the juice of the
grape in an unfermented state, and answered in Greek
to the Latin mustum, is certain." -(Dr. F. R. Lees,
Temperance Bible Commentary.) The term gleukos

1 -^'v '-"-^iv'u^-u oTTccu juiuc \tvnx\, iijtu nui» uiiuurgone

any change, such as fermentation. It was also applied
to wine whose sweetness was preserved by boiling and

bottling it, and keeping it at a low temperature.
Here it is applied to a wine which, though sweet, was
also fermented. Why <lid not the Jews use the gene-
ral term oinos, which comprehended wine of all sorts,
fermented and otherwise ? It was an ironical insinua-
tion, spoken in derision — these men are full of gleukos,
sweet wine — meaning, on the contrary, that the; were
full, not of gleukos (unfermented wine), hut of some
more potent drink. To have said, " they are drunk,"
would have been too blunt and direct a charge to suit
the mockers, — but to launch it in the ironical shape of
taking too much of the harmless juice of the grape,
gratified alike their malignity and self-conceit. Thus,
a really wise man may be mocked by being saluted as
" Solomon," " a Solon," " a second Daniel come to judg-
ment," even as the word "saint" has often been
applied in scorn to men of whom the world was
not worthy. (2.) Another explanation confines the
mockery to the charge of intoxication, and accounts for
the taunt by the tendency of gleukos, when carelessly
allowed to ferment, rapidly to acquire an inebriat-
ing quality, while it would retain its sweetness, and
thus tempt to copious consumption. (3.) It has been
said that the reply of Peter, while denying the
charge of drunkenness, is an admission that the Apos-
tles were in the habit of using some kind of intoxi-
cating wine. He did not say, " We never take strong
drink, we are abstainers and Nazarites," but he fell
back upon the period of the day as a sufficient refu-
tation of the false accusation. The objection will not
stand, for, (1.) The Apostle used the only argument
adapted to the character of the mockers. Had he said,
" We never drink at all," the jeering rejoinder would
have been, " except on the sly j " " Men who get
drunk are apt to profess sobriety." To have appealed
to personal f^-haracter or habit would have been useless,
since both were called in question by the Jews ; but
Peter meets them on social grounds, the habits of the

Jews, the force of which they could not but admit.
Me replies, in effect, " On your own assumption that
we drmk to excess of gleukos, or something stronger
your inference is unreasonable ; it is now nine o'clock
in the morning, and you know that those that are
drunken are drunken in the night." Such a reply
was just what the circumstances required. (2 ) The
inference that Peter tacitly admits that he and his
colleagues used intoxicating drink, but not to intoxi-
cating excess, is wholly assumptive and illogical. He
no more denies that they drank to excess than that
they drank at all. Did he, then, tacitly admit that
they were accustomed to evening debauchery ? The
use of the word gleukos presented an absolute denial
ot all use of wine,, except by the Nazarites, for the
most rigid abstainer from intoxicating wine might
/ox^i, ^^® "''^^ innocent, unintoxicating gleukos.
(d.) Ihe conception that Peter and the early disciples
used intoxicating liquor as a beverage is in opposition
to the ancient tradition which assigns to Peter and
the Lord s brethren a strong sympathy with the regi-
men ot the Nazarites and Rechabites. Eusebius quotes
Hegesippus as testifying that St. James, the Lord's
brother, and author of the General Epistle, "did not
drmk wine and sicera." Traces of this influence are
perceptible m Peter's first Epistle, (i. 13 ; iv. 37 • v 8 •
2hd, vers. 2-6). But, apart from all this, the fact that
the charge was untrue is sufficient, and there is no
evidence from this that the Apostles drank fermented
or intoxicating wine. Mr. McGregor, in his "Thousand
Miles in the Rob Roy Canoe," says of this new, sweet
wme. At one of the great inns on the road some of
the new wme was produced on the table. It had been
naade the day before, and its colour was exactly like
that ot cold tea with milk and sugar in it. while its
lasce wa« very luscious and sweet. This new wine is
sometimes m request, but especially among women."
He quotes Zech. ix. 17, p. 218, 2nd cl., 1880

3. Some say that Eph. v. 18 : " Be not drunk with
wine, wherein is excess," proves that the wine used by-
all in Apostolic times was intoxicating. Now, any
one that carefully examines that passage in the orig-
inal will see that the Apostle does not warn against
the excessive use of wine, but against any use of such
wine as was commonly used at Ephesus. Fermented
and intoxicating wine was much used by the Ephesians
in their heathen worship, and the Apostle warns the
converts against imitating their example by any use
of that wine in which, he says, dissoluteness lurked,
and which led to riot and debauchery ; but, on the
contrary, to be filled with the Spirit as the result of
praise and prayer. Thus Cleme- of Alexandria, in
his PiBdagogue, c. ii., says : " I admire those who desire
no other beverage than water, the medicine of a wise
temperance, avoiding wine as they would fire. It is
desirable that young men and maidens should forego
the medicament altogether, ... for hence arise ir-
regular DESIRES AND LICENTIOUS CONDUCT ; the whole
body is excited before its time by the action of the
WINE ON the system; the body influences the soul.
Well, then, as the Apostle said, ' Be not surcharged
with wine, wherein is asotia, a shameful licentious-
ness.' " This is the true rendering of asotia. Robin-
son's Greek Lexicon has it — " dissoluteness, debauchery,
revelry"— as in Eph. v. 18, Titus i. 16, 1 Peter iv. 4.
The common English version " excess " is a mere repe-
tition of the term drunk, and cannot be correcC
Wiclif ]s early English gives the true idea of the orig-
inal, " in which is leckerie," So, also, our revised version
renders it correctly—" wherein is riot." The Rheims
version has it, "wherein is riotousness." Beza has
put it " wantonness." Calvin says, " by which term I

nnrloraforifl 'fill Viv»rJci r\f i,^r^-.-,^:i-:n„ „^J j: — ,; t: »»

Of. Luke XV. 13 : In riotous living, or living " ruin-
ously."

All the leading expositors — Doddridge, Eadie, Bloom-

field, Hodge. Barnes, Fawcett, etc.— show that the
term asotia does not refer to the excessive use of
wme, but to dissoluteness, or the spirit of evil which
lurks in the wine itself; and therefore Christians are
not to imitate the heathen, by the use of that wine
which would lead to drunkenness and debauchery.
Ihe danger lurks in the fermented wine in common
use at Ephesus; and the converts are advised not to
use it at all, because the use of it was associated with
dissoluteness of life. Gonybeare and Howson thus
give the sense of the passage : " When you meet let
your enjoyment consist not in fulness of wine, but
tulness of the Spirit. Let your songs be not the drink-
ing songs of heathen feasts, but psalms and hymns •
and their accompaniment not the music of the lyre'
but the melody of the heart, while you sing them
to the praise, not of Bacchus or Venus, but of the Lord
Jesus Christ." The Apostle here presents a practical
antithesis between fulness of wine and fulness of the
JJivine Spirit, an antithesis pointing to intrinsic con-
trasts of nature and operation between the sources
ot such fulness, viz., including wine and the Holy
Spirit. This contrast will be better understood by
quotmg the preceding words : "Wherefore be not un-
wise (aphronea, without reason), not forgetting how
antagonistic to the full possession and exercise of your
mind the use of wine comes to be, taken in quantities
Uiat some may not call excessive. Whether the asotia
dissoluteness, be referred to wine as its germinal and
active principle, or to drunkenness as to the state of
the body and mind, which bring the profligacy into
play, the fact of connection is affirmed, and is to be
taOcen into account in all Christian enterprises and
efforts of reformation. When intoxicating liquor
excites Its specific effect it places the subiect in amti^.
which IS not merely a state in which' he cannot be
saved, but is synonymous with a condition of moral
corruption quite inimical to the reception of sayina

truth. Alcohol deranges the functions of the brain
the medium of mental action, and tends to bring about
organic disease, so that its influence on mind and
morals is different in character from the influence of
such evil inclinations and habits a.s leave the brain in
healthy rapport with the intellectual powers. Hence
the renunciation of intoxicating drinks is generally a
prerequisite for the acceptance of the Holy Spirit and
has been found a positive and direct means of prepar-
ation tor spiritual impressions by thousands of once
prodga drunkards. And to seek the indwelling of

•!, T^^^ ?PJ"*^ ^^ ^^^* ^« ^ere enjoined in contrast
with their habits as heathen. The objection that since
the Apostle says, "Be not drunk with wine," he vir-
tually sanctions the use of wine short of drunkenness
or in so-called moderation, is one of those superficial
inferences m which uneducated or prejudiced minds
delight. It IS surely possible in our day for a Chris-
tian missionary to condemn or forbid intemperance by
opium without approving of the use of the druf/ in
any degree. If the words " in which is dissolutene'^ss "
are joined to the word wine— as we think they should
be— a powerful warning is given against the use of
wine itself ; and however the clause may be construed,
the passage in its entirety neither recommends intoxi-
cating drink nor implies that its use in the smallest
measure is either salutary or safe. The soul " filled
with the Spirit " is not supposed to crave after stron^^

I ' T^ }^ ™^^® ^^^^^y *^ resemble the wise man of
whom Philo observes that he will never make use of
mixed wine, or of any drug of folly. Expositors not
themselves abstainers illustrate this text by a refer-
ence to Luke i. 14, where the promise that John should
be hlled with the Holy Spirit, even from his birth,
was connected with the Divine prohibition—" wine and
strong drink he shall not drink." Thus Olsehausen,
m his comment on this verse, writes : " Man feels the
want of strengthening through spiritual influences

from without ; instead of seeking for these in the Holy
Spirit, he in his blindness has recourse to the ' natu-
ral ' spirit— that is to wine and strong drink. There-
fore, according to the point of view of the law, the
Old Testament recommends abstinence from wine and
strong drinks, in order to preserve the soul free from
all merely natural influences, and by that means to
make it more susceptible of the operations of the
Holy Spirit."

Now, certanly, this passage does not prove that
there was not unintoxicating wine in use among the
Jews and others at that time. If the converts ''used
the fermented wine it would lead them to become
dissolute like their heathen neighbours. Hence the
advice is to have nothing to do with such wine.

4. Some think that the general use of light wines,
and perhaps beer also, would greatly diminish drunk-
enness, if not do away with it altogether. The rule
laid down in Scripture— a rule which reason and com-
mon sense approve— is this : " Prove all things," and
then hold fast only thai which is good. Tried by this
test it is proved beyond all question that such a sup-
position is a mistake. W, H. Howland, Esq., showed
conclusively in his admirable paper before the late
Convention of the Temperance Alliance (held in To-
ronto, January 20-22, 1885.) that such had been the
opinion of statesmen and legislators in Britain, but
that the Acts of Parliament introduced for this pur-
pose by the Duke of Wellington and others from 1836
to 1869, had been an utter failure ; that instead of
decreasing drunkenness they had greatly increased it,
and that Lord Brougham, who had advocated their
enactment with that end in view, admitted his mis-
take by earnestly pleading for their repeal. It was
found that the greater use of light win^, even such as
claret, inevitably led to the increased use of stronger
wines, as well as of ardent spirits. The same has
been the case with the enactments favourable to the

hilnf'^^"-!^''^'^'' *^^* ««a^«« swilling and a low
habit of semi-drunkenness has been the ?esu]? nf fT *
general use of lager beer in GermLy Very much ^o
the impoverishment and deo-radah'nn Z I ^"^^\ *« .

time was when iha «^«r;>^ >^^^>"v/v yeaiiy. ni©

losing that honourrbMae^e alt^Mo^^^^^^^ "'
to laws enacted for the eneouragLent of Tht "%
light wines, the oonsumptZ^Zsfl^LThf
greatly increased, and this, as always hLl^^f ^^
increase in the use of stronger lianoUZ ''i-*'"'
so that the Swiss are satd by sJme to beT: *""'.'
drunken nation on earth F,(„„ *• ■ *"* ""^'
Sweden, yet in 1854 the n.Vf ^'T. '' general in

wine and beer, has greatly increased in the Unitet*
States. In 1840 four gallons of alcoholic drinks, in-
cluding cider, were consumed per inhabitant ; and to-
dajf twelve gallons are consumed per inhabitant — that
is, the use of liquors has increased three times as
rapidly as the population ; and beer-drinking has in-
creased in the last ten years four times as rapidly as
the population.

The use of wines has increased four times as fast as
the population in Canada during the last eight years ;
and distilled spirits has increased two and a quarter
times as fast as the population in the United States,
and in Canada four times as rapidly during the same
period. (" The Voice," New York.) Our own continent
affords abundant ^vidence of the danger that must
attend the general use of fermented wine. Mrs.
Stevens, a leading lady of San Francisco, at the Con-
vention at Old Orchard, Maine, in August, 1884, stated
that there were 10,000 drunken boys under 18 years
of age in California, ruined by the wine grown and
manufactured in that State, and similar to the wines
of France. She said that California was a wine-
cursed State. This shows how great the mistake of
those who hold that if we introduce the use of wines
instead of whiskey and rum it would do away with
drunkenness.

Mrs. Stevens gave a case as representative of hun-
dreds that occur through the use of California wine.
A lad of fifteen, the only son of a widow, and of a
gentle disposition, was induced by his companions to
drink wine till he became intoxicated, when a
drmken brav/l occurred, and a police officer went to
seize some of the rioters. One of the lad's companions,
an older and wickeder person, put a loaded pistol in
his hand and directed him to shoot the police officer.
Without knowing what he was about he did so. He
was imprisoned and condemned to be hung. His
mother got up a petition which was largely signed,

and with that petition she called on the Governor and
• pleaded on her knees for the pardon of her son, and
told him that her poor boy was not aware of what he
was doing, as he was drunk and made so by his com-
panions. All in vain ; the law must take its course.
Mrs. Stevens called on the poor lad, and he wept bit-
. terly and asked must he die for that when he knew
not what he was doing ? Yet he was hung, and the
poor mother left to mourn over his dreadful fate. If
any of us who are parents had to go through that
awful ordeal would we not vow an eternal hatred to
the Tiquor traffic, even in light wines and beer ? '

And such is the danger to which every boy is ex-
posed. None are safe while saloons are open, and
they have companions to entice them. They may ^ »e
brought up ever so well ; but as soon as they are out
of sight of parents there are harpies seeking their
ruin. How many young men well brought up in our
best families are being thus ruined in all our cities !
Their companions entice them to a billiard room in
connection with a saloon well lighted and fitted up,
and there they have a game of some kind ; and of
course they feel bound in honour to pay for it by
drinking at the bar. There is no charge for the use
of the billiard table, but they are expected to drink.
One says to a youth, well brought up in temperance
principles, " Come and have a drink." He replies, "No,
thank you, I don't drink." " You don't drink ? — non-
sense — it will do you no harm." He declines, and
then they ridicule him, and ask what a green one he
is, and point the finger of scorn at him, and ask if he
is still tied to his mov ^r's apron ; and then they con-
tinue to gibe and mock until, ia nearly all cases, they
win him over, and he drinks and goes down to ruin.

All this shows that entire prohibition is the onl"""
effectual remedy. Mrs. Stevens gave a very interesting
case to show hoT!^ the people of California carry out
prohibition in cer|iai» places. A Christian gentleman

!iH

bought a large tract of land, and resolved to sell it out
to temperance peop^ only, and not to allow a saloon
on the property. He knew of a woman in Canada
whose husband had become a drunkard, and had re^
duced his wife and family to beggary by his drink

She and her husband did so, and he was reclaimed
saved money, and became prosperous. Bye and bve
a saloon-keeper got hold of a corner lot that w^ left
out some way, and set up a saloon. This Canadian
woman went to him, and offered him $5,000-~all thev
had m the bank-if he would remove. But he eplie^
that he would not that he had a license from the

thr/5 00o"V"1. T^^-^ke more by his Saloon
than $5 000. Her husband was induced to sell a load
of potatoes to the paloon-keeper at a high figure, and
he asked him to have a dram. But hi refused and
said he was a teetotaller. The saloon-keeper 'sa?d,
O have a glass of soda-water." The saloon-keepe^
took care to Put a « stick " in it, and the alcohol went
to the reformed drunkard's brain, a^ the murderous
wretch intended and the poor man became like a tiger
that had got the taste of blood. He drank till he
became drunk, and abused his now heart-broken wife
Then the boys began to visit the saloon, and the
neighbours saw that this must be stopped some way
They offered to buy out the saloon-keeper, but he set
them at naught, and defied them to do anything. The"
told him he must leave. He went off to the countv
town to get the sheriff to defend him. They ffathereJ
men, women and children, with ropes, and the children
first seized the ropes, then the women, and last the
men, and drew the saloon away beyond the district
When the owner came with the sheriff; the sheriff said
he could do nothing. He could not seize a whole

• Au ./' —~ ""-;-" -^"^i-^^^cpci. liiiu to leave. This

is the way to deal with saloon-keepers when thev can-
not be got nd of otherwise, even as men would deal

with a man spreading leprosy or cholera. Preserving
men from present and eternal ruin is of far more im-
portance than mere forms of law. The liquor dealers
make a great deal of the benefit the country derives
from the revenue from liquor, and some of them affirm
that by losing this revenue Canada would lose from
$8,000,000 to $10,000,000 ! Now, in the spring of 1884,
I obtained the official returns from Sir Leonard Tilley ,
and according to them the revenue from liquors was'
in round numbers, $5,200,000. In my pamphlet, " The
Lesson of Statistics," written for the Alliance, I showed
that the cost of the liquor traffic, directly and in-
directly, was at least $52,000,000, and thus ten times
as much capital is wasted by the country as the rev-
enue amounts to. We may illustrate this loss to the
country by supposing that it cost the lawyer or doctor
$10 to collect every dollar of his fees. We may be
sure that they would soon refuse their services at such
a losing rate. There has been a great falling off in
the consumption of liquor of late in Great Britain, and
a consequent loss to the revenue of several millions of
dollars. But the wise and great statesmen there rejoice
in it, because they know there will be a beneficial
falling off in the expenses for restraining crime, and in
the general growth of the wealth of the community,
which will far more than compensate for the tempor-
ary loss of revenue. The Anti-Scott Act Herald gives
the direct cost of liquor in Canada at $27,000,000.
It is probably over that amount.

I reckoned the direct cost to the country of the
liquor at $26,000,000, and the indirect cost at the
same amount— that is by the loss of capital and labour,
destruction of property through drink, charges on
the country through pauperism, sickness, insanity and
premature death, tra.ceart.tc to npiMir • oryA +k« «««4.
ot police, courts of justice, support of criminals, etc.
Now, several leading men reckoned the cost of the
Uquor traffic in Britain in that way. And the late

2 .

Hon. Wm. E. Dodge, Senator from New York and
according to the Rev. Joseph Cook, perhaps the best
authority m the United States, reckoned in the same

|1 ,400,000 000, and about the same amount in Great
iiritam. The leading authorities now give the direct

$900 000 000^"'*'''^ ^^^^""^ ^ ^^^'' $800,000,000 or
Mr. Tassie asks, How could Canada lose yearly
$02,000,000 and yet be fairly prosperous ? We rerlv
by asking. How could the United States lose 26 times
as much yearly and yet not be utterly ruined ? Doc-
tors know that some strong patients can bear a great
deal without succumbing altogether. The reasoning
ot that gentleman on political economy is simply
plausible special pleading, fitted only to throw dust
into the eyes of those willing to be blinded. How
palpably absurd and deceptive to place liquor on the
same plane with clothing, whether silk or woollen »
All men of common sense and common honesty know
and admit that both food and clothing are necessary
for nians well-being; but all the best medical and
chemical authorities declare that alcohol in any form
is not a food, but a poison which may be used like
many other poisons, medicinally at times, but should
• lif^x^fi. ® ^^^^ ^ ^ beverage. Baron Liebig declares
that there is more nourishment in the smallest quantity
of .flour than in a gallon of beer. It is simply a stimu-
Jant as the bloated and unhealthy appearance of beer-
drmkers prove, for they can scarcely survive the
slightest scratch or accident. Were Dr. Chalmers livinff
he would be greatly grieved at the complete and
criminal misapplication of his reasoning, in a way that
he never designed, to uphold the greatest system of
^aee and crime now existing in Christendom, that sends
millions to eternal ruin, and brings unutterable suffer-
ing on ajl related to them. It is welj known that you

If)

can inake any great writer toach what you please, ])y
taking a paragraph out of the context which explains
its import. I would warn such men to beware of the
curse which a just and holy God has declared against
those that make evil good, and that stand in the way
of the salvation of men. Our Lord when on earth
denounced a solemn woe against all such leaders of the
people whc, by their perverted teaching, mislead men
to their eternal ruin. Whether Mr. Tassie's statistics
about the population of Vineland be correct or not, is
of no consequence whatever. All competent and can/lid
persons— judges, magistrates, prison chaplains, etc.—
have declared for years past that the use of intoxicants
IS the chief cause of vice and crime (of at least three-
fourths of the crime) throughout Christendom, and all
honest and competent men believe it to be so, all
cooked statistics to the contrary notwithstanding^
Now, in opposition to this perversion of all right
views of political economy and moral philosophy, I
hold that society is formed on the principle that every
man is bound to seek subsistence for himself in such a
way as not to interfere with the rights or happiness of
others. The farmer, the labourer, the merchant, the
mechanic, and the professional man, all benefit society
while providing for their own household. But this is
not the case with liquor dealers. They enrich them-
selves by the impoverishment and destruction of others,
and by inflicting very great injury and very heavy
burdens on society. It would be far better,as a matter of
mere political economy, if the liquor were all destroyed.
Society would be the gainer every way. Even the loss
of the labour of the army of drunkards is a very heavy
loss to the community. If we reckon the number of
drunkards in Britain and the United States at 800,000

and allow Onlv JiR.500 for t^anh aa iha. ,rol„^ ^* 4.1, „ l^^l

ot their labour, which would be a moderate calcula-
tion, as many of them are men of education and
ability, whose earnings might add five or six times as

iriucf. tu tlio wealth of tlie country, and tin ro has been
loHt »40<M)00/)00 yearly I the productive wealth of
these e.;oijtries ; and this loss /nust Ia- nmltiplied mani-
fold by ihu It, ihxiH transmitted to i ■ *'ir children, so
that the system it impoverishment goes on increasino"
from generation to generation. This a'spect of the
matter solves for us the question as to the grand cause
of the pauperism and indolence which press as a lieavy
incubus on Britain, tlie United States and Canada.
Dr. Richardson, and other eminent physicians, hold
that the predisposing causes are hereditary, so tlmt the
system of impoverishment goes on increasing from
generation to generation ; and I liave found as^a mat-
ter of careful observation, during a long experience in
public life, coming in contact with thousands, that
nine-tenths of the cases of abject poverty may be
trii "ed to the use of intoxicants.

Professor Foster has shown that 100,000,000 bushels
of grain are annually destroyed by the liquor traffic in
the Anglo-Saxon world, which would give two barrels
of flour to every family in England, the United States
and Canada during the year. He also shows that the
cost to the consumers of liquor, malt and distilled,
taken for use in Canada in the year 1883, was : —

Spirits (Canadian) ,
Spirits (Impi rted)
Beer (Canadian) . ,
Beer (Imported) .
Wines (Imported) .

. 3,766,586 galls, at $5.00

. 1,004,075 „ 6.00

.13,178,820 „ .60

. 385,352 „ 3.00

. 563.778 „ 5.00

$18,832,930
6,024,450
7,907,292
1,186,056
2,818,890

Total 18,908,611 galls.

$36,769,618

That is, the direct cost is about $8 per head of the
population. B ^ if we double this, as we have a right
to do, we have ;>'*^,'^*^9,386 as the yearly cost to the
country of the jjqi* iraf^ c. If we deduct $5,200,000
iOr revenue, we h v-. j./,,iil ovej ^08,000,000 far worse
than thrown away ye.riy. If it was thrown into the
sea it would be a simple loss of so much wealth, but as

it is, it entails habits upon thousands that drag them-
selves and others down to ruin, both temporal and
eternal (1 Cor. vi. 11). Now, suppose we reckon the
drunkards of Canada at only 30,000, and the loss of
the labour of oach at $500, this would be a loss of
815,000,000 yearly, or about three times the amount
of the rovenro for that one item. We have shown
that, *.,ccordinnr to Wm. Hoyle, M.P., Britain spends
about $700,000,000 directly upon intoxicants, or about
twice as much as on bread, and that the yearly loss to
the country is nearly double that amount, and this
while she only gives for Christian missions about
$5,000,000 ; and at least $800,000,000 is spent in the
United States, while her people only .give about
$4,000,000 for the conversion of the world. In view of
the poverty and sufferings of the people in these lands,
and of the duty of all Christians to obey the command
of Christ i.0 devote their means to the conversion of
the world, may we not ask, Is it right for professing
Christians to allow this evil traffic to stand in the
way of the conversion of the people- in Christian and
in heathen lands ? Can Christians be seeking to
attain the chief end of life— the glory of God and the
good of their fellow-men— while they allow such a
state of things to exist in the most Christian nations
of the earth ? Tell it not in Gath, publish it not in
the streets of Ascalon, lest the scoffing enemy rejoice
fi't the hollow or heartless pretensions of Christians to
have any regard for the will and glory of their
ascended Lord, while not prepared to make this paltry
sacrifice for His sake. Such a state of things in
Christian lands is enough to make professing Chris-
tians who uphold such u ruinous traffic, blush with
shame before God, as it has caused earnest Christians

who have had thftir RVRS nnpnori fn woan biffovl^r ^^A

cry, How long, O Lord, wilt thou allow thine own
people, while upholding this traflic, to cherish the fear-

i I

ful delusion that they are walking in the footsteps of
Him who died to save and rescue the lost ?

Prohibition, then, is the only effectual remedy for
this great evil. The license system has been tried in
England for over 400 years, and has proved an utter
failure. England has suffered much from the liquor
traffic, and her great statesmen have tried many
methods to cure or to restrain the evil. Hundreds of
Acts have been passed to this end. But her statesmen
did not propose prohibition ; their general idea was :
make the trade respectable, and you lessen the evil, —
put on high license, and you drive low characters out
of the trade, and the evil will be diminished, if not
removed. They forgot that the evil is not in the
man that sells the liquor, but in Hhe liquor itself, and
however respectable you make liquor dealers, the same
effects will flow from it. It was as if they should set
the Archbishop of Canterbury at the head of *the tra-
ffic, and say : It will now be so respectable that its evils
will be done away. No; license only respectable
houses, and you entice respectable people to them all
the more certainly, and ensure their ruin more effect-
ually, for they are thrown off their guard thereby.
When prohibition was introduced into Maine, the
keeper of a leading hotel in Portland said it would not
pay to keep open his house without the bar. A friend
asked him was the bar needed for the boarders ? No,
but for outsiders, the young men of the community
who spert their evenings in the hotel. Would it be
right to open a bar in an hotel to entice in the young
men to learn to drink to their ruin ? In England they
did not think of prohibition until it was adopted in
Maine, in 1851. Since then, and especially within the
last twenty years, they have advocated it there also —

Sir AVilfrprl T-p w^ann line Kvr»n rrV* f if nr» in fV»o ITrxtiar^ r\f

Commons year after year. At first only thirty voted
for it, and the members generally laughed at him. He
said, " Let them laugh that win ! " and he has con-

tinued to bring it up year after year. And now, they
do not laugh at him, but the liquor dealers see that it
is becoming a serious matter, and that it will win in
the end.' Yea, in 1883 he carried a motion requesting
the Government to introduce a Local Option Law,
which has not yet been done. General Neal Dow has
greatly contributed to this result, by showing what
prohibition has done for Maine.

What, then, have been the results of prohibition in
Maine ? There is far less liquor used there than there
was before prohibition. High license has been found
to be a failure : it will not put down drunkenness. It
makes it respectable and increases it. The Rev. Dr.
Herrick Johnson says that, in the city of DesMoines,
Iowa, in 1871, with the license at $160, there were but
twelve saloons ; in 1872, with license at $200, there
were twenty-five saloons; in 1880, with license at
$260, there were forty-nine saloons, and in 1882, with
license at $1000, there were sixty saloons. He also
states that, in the State of Nebraska, where prohibi-
tion is the general State law, but high license is op-
tional, and the local the exception, the fee is $1000. The
law was enacted in 1881. In 1882 the record showed
226 saloons ; but in 1883 the record showed a gain of
59. The Hon. H. W. Hardy, ex-Mayor of Lincoln,
Neb., and the father of the high license idea, testifies :
"There has been no improvement in our saloons."
" Gambling and prostitution go hand in hand." "High
license has done nothing towards waking up temper-
ance sentiment." ("Prohibition the only Remedy," by
W. T. Sabine, in the Criterion, February, 1885.) The
object of high license was to make the traffic respect-
able, and thus to lessen drunkenness. The secret of
the success of the Maine Law is, that it drives all

will engage in it. Hence it was very difficult to
obtain liquor, even before the enactment of the Con-
stitutional Amendment, which was carried on the 10th

Hm,!rfe V^^t- ^^ " "fJr'*y "* 4*.000, because the
liquor had to be concealed and kept in obscure and
disreputable places, such as low dives or cellars and
back rooms ot stables, etc. ; so that respectable voune
men would not think of seeking it in sucHow
places, and none but regular topers or slaves of drink

IL "* -^^ ^''^^r^ °* '^"'"S ™- And these are
chiefly outsiders, sailors and tradir. from foreien lands

sln.°i':r\-^r'' T'^^'^t prohibition does noT x"sl
tte L^„S ^^'*'°° ^T ^'" f^^^ '" ">« constitution

h^U^}! T r^"^""^ "°* *° "•"°^ «"y official to
hold office who does not see that the law is faithfully
cabled out But even before that enactment the
wnter spent several weeks at Old Orchard Beach
dnrine several seasons, and had the opportunity of
attening a series of conventions of ^?ious k^ds,
attended by crowds of people, from 1,000 to 25,000
md of seeing thousands of people passing on about a
dozen long trains daily, and yet never saw a peTson
ttat appeared to be under the influence of liquo"
Whereas he has often met two or three staggering

£ce!° " *'''' °* ^°™°*° •" ^ veil *ort
Of course, liquors have been brought in on the slv

J«ffl„^ ^ ''"''f '", °'^'^«' *° ^i»k at it. But the
traflic has been rendered so disreputable by being made
Illegal a«d by the low, dark places in which it fs kepT
that there has been no temptation held out to respect-
able young men to entice them to begin the dSine
habit, as IS the ca^e with our well lighted and coS
able licensed saloons and hotels. It is now so diffic^t
to obtain liquor that good authorities aYBrm that not

»oUMon C.' " ri '^''"' *'"'' *«'« ^'^ before
prohibition. That, indeed, is success, the sama «= ;„

tne ease of any other law against murder,"theftrete
The law may not altogether prevent drunkenness n^
more than any other crime is prevented by law but"t

greatly diminishes it. No honest or good man would
say that there should be no law against theft or mur-
der, because they are not entirely prevented thereby.
Prohibition, then, does prohibit.

2. Crime has been greatly lessened by prohibition.
Since the Maine Law was enacted, in 1851, many of the
prisons have been emptied, and on several occasions,
when the courts met in the counties the traditional
white gloves have been presented to the officials, because
there were no criminals to try. The greater part of the
great crimes have been committed at the sea-porte,
where there are many visitors or traders from other
parts, who carry the liquor with them, and most of the
criiiinals belong to this class or to those who use
liquor. While attending national and international
temperance conventions at Old Orchard, Maine, on
several occasions, I heard senators, governors, and sev-
eral leading men of Maine affirm that not one-fourth
of the crime exists now throughout the counties that
there was before the Maine Law was enacted. And
yet, in the face of this public statement of the leading
men of that State, some persons in Toronto have had
the absurd audacity to affirm that crime has been
increased by the Maine Law. They don't believe a
word of it, for it is contrary to all experience, and to
the opinion of all candid persons who have had best
opportunities of knowing, and who, merely in the
interests of public morality, have declared again and
again that more than three-fourths of the great crimes
spring from the use of intoxicants. It shows the great
straits to which these men are driven, and that they pay
no regard to truth in order to bolster up a bad cause. It
also illustrates the proverb, " Drowning men catch at
straws ! "

u. me ovdiW oi iiiaiiie iias oeen greatly enriched
by prohibition. General Neal Dow told us last
August that a week ' before he met a gentleman
who, forty years before, had left Maine for the West,

and who had returned for a time, and he said he did
not know Maine. When he left' many houses h^
broken windows and old clothes in them, fences were
broken down, and farms and other places in a state of
neglect and dilapidation, and the ^p^p e d^fed il
rags. Poverty appeared everywhere ! Now the neo"

it:r ^h " '"'■ '^■""T. '^r' r -^ i«>»3es, which ^:y

owned. They were well clothed, and lived well and
had money to lend to the western people TrevnTw
saved $24,000,000 yearly-which tW before snent on
the hqnor traffic, $12,000,000 directlyC th^ eTpen^

all that though Maine is naturally a poor State and
has but a small population. Now, ^imil^sIVtog
would represent a much larger sum to Ontario. ^

Sf.* • ,rt '^!'"'» Maine was one of the poorest
Spates in the Union. Now it is the best off in pro-
portion to Its population, and has a large amount of
money invested Neal Dow, addressing^many people
from the Saco River, declared that Buxton oStftt
river, was a wretched place before prohibition, with a
tumble-down old church, the homes generally poor

fin^ t n'". ™'Tf¥y '^'^''^- Now they^ha^a
fine church that would honour a city, and thi people
are well-dressed. And so it is all o/er the State^ C
fore the Mame Law he visited a miserable place
where the people threatened him if he came to advo-'
cate prohibition. He saw a fine house painted white
and asked whose it was. He was told it belonged to
Squire OBryan The outhouses were also vZ fine

drlfnT rr, f'"' '" V^'-riage with their servant
driving. The ladies wore beautiful silks. The people
told h.m they were the wife and daughters of Squire

2lf»7Tj.' " ^y*- *''" ^"'"S'^ «'°'« ''"<1 the saloon
where the peoples money was spent. Then he ad-

uressea the Door raofo-pH npnnlo Q«ri 4■^^A ii -i» i .

he had seen and asked them whose money it wa^ that
pamted that house and bam and dressed those ladies

so finely? It was their money. Were their wives
and daughters dressed in silk, and had they servants
to drive them about in fine carriages ? No. And why
not? Because they spent their money in Squire
O Bryan s saloon, and had to allow their wives to be
dressed in rags. The people felt that he was rijrht
and some resolved to spend no more to enrich "the
saloon-keeper, but to save it for the comfort and well-
being of their ov/n families. In like manner, were
prohibition carried in Canada, it would greatly add to
the general wealth and comfort of the people.

4. No compensation has been given in Maine to the
liquor dealers. And no compensation has been given
m Britain for losses sustained by various parties as
the result of the many changes in the license system
there. This is a question that will be discussed and
decided by the people of Canada. We hold that the
liquor dealers have no right for compensation^ because
their business is immoral, and from its very nature
brings present and eternal ruin upon thousands of
their fellow-men, and should never have been licensed
because it is contrary to God's higher law. (Ps xciv'
20; Rom. xiv. 20-21 ; 1 Cor. viii. 11-13; Matt. vii. 12).'
. They have no right for compensation, because their
business does not benefit the community. Other
trades do, as we have shown. But their business in-
jures and impoverishes the community. They should
therefore give up a business that is the greatest hin-
drance to the progress and prosperity of the country.
If there were compensation it should surely be re-
ciprocal. As a matter of justice, they should be
required to compensate the people whom they have
impoverished and ruined. They should restore the
husbands and fathers they have destroyed, and the
broken hearts of wivas n.nrl mnfliavQ +>,« «»:^^j

stitutions they have caused to thousands of children,
and the comforts they have taken from thousands of
homes. If strict justice were administered to them,

,88

tehfecThv 'Ih'"''" •**' "^i'Sfg^ *« g-'in^ they have ob-
lamed by the ruin of their fellnw rrpn t^* *i,

remember thaUhey will soo^ havelo^ve a^tctn"

. to the great Judge of the Universe, whS will reX ?'

t2'^ "'^" according to his deeds. Talk indeed of

compensation for ceasing to destroy THEiR^mLow:

They remind us that the British nation gave com

Str tJ\- ''""! r"«^«- The casef Ire n"
paraiiel. The liquor traffic inflicts vastly greater in-

SanT^nd " • "'''" '^''^''y ^^^' d'd. Suiry drew
fiusbands and wives parents and children, cloier to-

fc'.'""'^"'^""'''^ "'*'" '° "^^ other. It a so led

theT'n^nlf '"i^.'P''?''' ■""""«'• the consolations of
the Gospel; and though sometimes separated on earth

fuFhr t ' ''"."^ ^'^ S'"'^™"^' 'ook forward w°aw.'

hnfws"and rH'''"^' *!^' "'1"°'' ^'0^' brutalizes
w ,f* !i **''^''^' *"<1 <=*«ses them to act the

part of demons, or of men bereft of reason cniel I v
abusing the once beloved wives whom they had v™wed

c^ildlen^aC^?.*' •'I? '^'"-"if-g oVerlnder ?Utle
fn^„f; J §."'*"■ hves wretched and bringing them
to poverty and disgrace, if not to a fatal inherited
of the cup of death. And at length, the liquor traffio

gm* aXwf j'r *r i"^ ''^""•^-^■^ ^'"h°on'u-d
grave and awful eternal doom. No both Gorl nnrl

haTiXt "^'ir "<" P^™"«'- The liSuortaffic
eveVsWv d^ R ^T'*"" '"S'T^ "" ""'"kind than
aw«v ftl^ ". ^f ^es, prohibition does not take

Son TZI^ "^ f! H""' <^«'''«^'^- "« the eman!
cipation ot the slaves did. Tt woo k^«„„„. xi.--.

perty wa. taken from them that's Wo;;7rrS™d"
oompensahon. But in the ca«e of proWwS, wT^y^

retain your property, though gotten by the rol.borv of

STto ^f ™r"".''^""?^''«^y> be»usVt,^;7on
stnted to It, as lunatics might do— and bv the im

^iranvrrt1"j° """"":^' '"' --« "iThis grea"t
bus nes^ Zl- ^f "':*-'?«! '" *"""" J»^' »"'l honourable

Now M„ V"' "",* ''."•"''''y y*""- fellow-men.

JNow, the liquor dealers have a license onlv frnm

pubUc ho^d'^h:'",' '-^ -^ """'"S to Then A tl"
S th«t th their business as one that needs restraint

Tme w'''LP"''"= """y "^f"**" «'at license at any
time. We do not propose to hinder families from
making home-made beer for themselves, but only from

Them o? tie foUv ifl^" 1? '^1 " *° ''^ *"'' Per^»ade
B,,Mf t^. 1/ ^'*' ""'• '° ^'^''^^ tliem a better way
^ut If they attempt to murder others, we are bound
in obedience to the Divine law, to prevent them even'

andtheirTf-IT^^^'^'i'''^- " tl^e liquor dX"
and their foolish friends should resolve to resist the l»w

them r:^'h '"^ rP'^ "l C-ada mTt'dea^i^t"
tnem as with any others who resist the enforcement
of the just and necessary laws of the land

a. finally, a word of advice to those entraffed in
the liquor traffic. Infinite wisdom safth-ffifu^

of none bnf f h A •*" assure them that I am the enemy
all ?nfn t^ ?. "^"^ °* *"■ ^n-J I fain would guide
all into the pt .hs of peace and happiness, accordW to
the commission given me by my Master T «!« tL
ough y convince!, by long o'Lse Jva^rr^^that th?D vt;
Messing cannot be expected to rest on a business so

and eternal well-being of men. An aged Christian man

DistrTct "&r"' '.IfT'l' IP '" ^''^ oW NlLgaTa
-i^isirict, told me once thafc hp ho^^ ^k. — .^a j.°-_-

over sixty years, that those who eigagedTn thelS
traffic neyer handed down their ill-|otten gains to the
third generation. A blight came Sn it i/some way

Often their children became drunkards, and wasted all
their earnings, or fire destroyed their property, or some
misfortune happened to them. The reason is plain, " the
blessing of the Lord it niaketh rich, and He addeth no
sorrow." But that blessing cannot be expected by
those engaged in such a business ; and without the
Divine blessing there can be no true or lasting pros-
perity. The whole history of the world and the
Church proves this. Then let all who desire the Di-
vine favour, and the only true happiness which is in-
separable from that, for themselves and their children,
avoid having anything to do with a business which
strikes at the root of the well-being of mankind, and
which seriously hinders the Divine glory and the sal-
vation of the world. I will give a few examples of
how others have acted, when they became convinced
that this traffic was wrong in the sight of God, and
inj urious to their fellow-men. Over fifty years ago, and
before the prohibition movement, Dr. Lyman Beecher
visited Portland, and preached in one of the Congre-
gational churches a sermon on the evils of the liquor
traffic. One of the leading deacons was a liquor seller,
and he was so convinced by the doctor's earnest appeal,
that he went home resolved to give it up, and he did
so, at a great sacrifice of his own interest financially,
though a great gainer as a Christian in the conscious-
ness of the smile of heaven resting upon him and his.
In Boston there were two partners in the sale of
liquors along with groceries. One became convinced
that it was wrong, and gave it up, and prospered
greatly through the blessing of the Lord resting on
his business; and, besides, he became the means of
doing much good in the Church — the Lord owning his
eflforts for the good of others — and his children did

went to the bad — his children took to drink, and his
business failed, and all went against him because he
stifled the voice of conscience and of God, In like

manner, many years ago, a brewer in New Jersey, a
Presbyterian elder, became convinced that the traffic
was wrong and that it inflicted injury on others, and
he poured out the liquor on the ground and shut up
the brewery, and refused to sell it to any other, but
allowed the property to go to ruin, though it reduced
him to poverty. He thus showed a noble spirit and
true Christian sacrifice, ready to take up his cross in
Christ's name, in thus refusing to profit by money
made in such a way. Of old God refused to accept,
for the service of the sanctuary, money gained by
immoral practices, and He cannot now accept such
money.

Those who remain in the liquor traffic, and those
who uphold it, now that attention has been so long
and so faithfully called to the evUs resulting from it,
are far more guilty than the men of a former genera-
tion, who were not so enlightened on that subject. Our
Lord says : " Take heed that the light that is in thee
be not darkness." li men now, when the light shines
around them on this subject, stifle the voice of con-
science, and persist in upholding this real vice of the
age, then they harden their hearts thereby against the
voice of God calling upon them not to destroy by
their traffic those for whom Christ died — even as
Pharaoh hardened his heart. And let them beware
lest they, like him, bring on themselves the judgments
of a just God who will not hold them guiltless. Belle-
vue Hospital, New York, reports from five to ten
persons daily, the year round, taken there for exam-
ination, who have been made insane through intem-
perance, and the greater part of them likely to be
permanent. " What is still more serious, this class of
sufferers has doubled within a year, and is five times
as great as it was five years ago." The Report of the
Inspector of Prisons and Asylums for Ontario, for
1884, states that thirty-three per cent, of the cases are
hereditary, and twenty-two per cent, caused directly

«*j,^ piupoiiion or the cases are hpr*>firfoi.Tr iu
into the g.e„,.i A'r at Col'ntST tnT^^^

is the inebriety of parents 09 n^f ii F^'^^'P"'^ '^"««

pauperism and insamtV Tnd all rt 7 f "j"' '="™«'
trattie. Shall we not demand prohibition ? ^