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ERRATA. 
 
 Page 12, line 16 — foi * W next," read " We may next.'* 
 " 16, 5(h line ^rom bottom — for " gain," read " givey 
 " 24, line IC for " from," read ^'for^ 
 
 30, line 3d from bottom — for " class," read " classes^ 
 33, 10th line from bottom — for " travelling," read 
 '< traversing^ 
 
 (i 
 
^ 
 
 * i 
 
fV-<5 1*2) 
 
 J. 
 
 •* i 
 
 A CHARGE 
 
 DELIVERED TO THE CLERGY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 DIOCESE OF QUEBEC, 
 
 IN THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH OF QUEBEC, 
 
 AT THE TRIENNIAL VISITATION IN 1845. 
 
 BY GEORGE J. MOUNTAIN, D. D. 
 
 LORD BISHOP OF MONTREAL, 
 
 ^ADMINISTERING THAT DIOCESE.) 
 
 PUBLISHED AT THE REQUEST OF THE CLEROT. 
 
 QUEBEC: 
 PRINTED BY T, CARV & '-0. 
 
 1845. 
 
V < 
 
 
 >Uii%n' 
 
 i .UAtai;. 
 
My Reverend Brethren, > 
 
 We are met once more in periodical VUilation, by the 
 Provi..nco of God, under 'l'«;X^^St of he sa"! 
 
 proceedings were adapted upon ™'T°'u'' Anniversary of 
 Ld-tho^nly difference be,„g,te^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 the Diocesan Church boceiy *° ^, '^j brings us toge- 
 
 eslablishea rule of alternation, ^ ^"^^^J^.^^ ^^ ^|re assem- 
 
 ther at the See, ^vhereasthe ^^^^^^'^Sfj^^was coupled in the 
 bled for its original formation and which wa^^^^^^ ^^^ .^ 
 
 same manner with the f ^^^^Jj^s ofJ^^^J ^^^^^^J ^ ,ad 
 the sister City of Montreal. You see my ,^ ^^^._ 
 
 spectacle lierc ; and one ,^^»*^^^,^^-*''f^,„a"nce was invited : 
 cipations at the time when your ^^^^^^^^ ^„j without 
 but God knows how to bring good out ot evn^ , ^^^^ 
 noticing here many solemn lessons written upon y ^^^ 
 
 of this^cene of desolation wb.ch we ma^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ 
 
 "P^" ^ofnJolraLf S^^^^^^^^^^ '^'\ 
 
 gracious of His own am K « «« , ^u^ wretchedness of 
 
 Ld ruin, by the wants, '1?;= Ij^'l-'^fXlvin^^ perfections, wo 
 man, so in our ^.stant mu aUon of the d.v ^^^^^^ 
 
 find in the sufferings and ;l'*irff f V V. .i^n love and for the 
 very field for the sweetest offices of «»"*«V^„5t „aorn and 
 practical application of *»» P'"'"P'!L,ttd ta your flocks 
 exalt the human character. To y^r^ves ana j ^^^^^^_ 
 
 it has, I am sure, been a sour« °f^^»'^;'^«'''i;„,Ues in diffe- 
 nessthat you IV'™,!"?, Carers of su^measure of relief as 
 rent instances of old, the '^"^"^'X. canty, could be ex- 
 resources, for the most part ^'f"^2l\Thli^ verified the 
 pected to render; and >" r^«f»^/b^u„ty exercised by 
 'almost paradoxical descnpuon »' H,~""„;er(j/ a6<mnde^ 
 certain primitive christians that Ihe.r deep po^» j 
 
 „„Io tU riches of thetr «*«'«"»• f^iXthe reasons for 
 ned these words in preparation f°'J»" ""^^^..id augmented; 
 the call upon public ?<;T""",Sfh\^"f G^ has fallen upon 
 and the redoubled vU'ta'™ » *«^*^™„ffiVe having been Jer- 
 this devoted city-the frightful 3%°' ,\7„ „i/a„d death 
 muted a -cond tm.e wito a m™*,^^^^^^^. ^^^^ ^^^ ,^^^^ 
 
 among our citizens, scaiienuo "«« j 
 
without a home, and leaving among the monuments of its dovas 
 tation the bare, hhickened, roulless walls of two out of our own 
 fivQ Churches in the Parish. // is the Lord — let him do 
 what seemeth him good. Shall tve receive good at the 
 hand of the Lord arid shall we not receive evil ') 
 
 I have mentioned my inviting you to Quebec as the Sec : 
 but I meet, you still as Bishop of Montreal. My powers* 
 and, such as it is, my efficiency, arc not the less ; and there are 
 reasons of a public nature, (not to advert to some others with 
 which it would be out of place that I should trouble you,) 
 which seem, under existing circumstances, although I do not 
 niean to attach to them any extraordinary weight, to recom- 
 mend the continuance of this arrangement. The See of Quebec 
 is unendowed : the maintenance of the episcopal office in the 
 Diocese, unprovided for beyond the term of years which may 
 be permitted to myself : this is a state of things which ought 
 not to be ; and the present arrangement — being, upon the face 
 of it, an expedient ad interim — the Bishop of Montreal ad- 
 m^inistering the See of Quebec. — furnishes a standing testimony 
 to those wants and claims on the part of the Church, which 
 ought not to be lost sight of. But in addition to this, the Bish- 
 opric of Montreal having been once created, although created 
 originally for the simple object of affording relief to the Bishop 
 of Quebec, and continuing still within the jurisdiction of that 
 See, there might be reason to regret the abandonment of a title, 
 the existence of which may serve in some measure to pave the 
 way for the future formation of two separate and independent 
 Sees, and the establishment of a resident Bishop as well at that 
 City,whirh is now the metropolis of British North America,and 
 by far the first city in wealth and importance within those limits, 
 as at the ancient capital of Quebec. The title taken from 
 Quebec is in abeyance, but the See still exists and is safe : — 
 were the title taken from Montreal to be dropped, there would 
 
 * By the Royal Letters Patent appointing the Bishop or Montreal, it is provided 
 that in the erent of a vacancy in the See of Quebec, by the death of the then Bishop 
 of the same, the former Bishop shall have power " to exercise the episcopal duties 
 and functions of the said See or Diocese appertaining and belonging, until a new 
 Bishop thereof shall have been appointed and consecrated and shallhave arrived 
 within the limits of the said See ;" and by the Provincial Statute, 7 Vict, c 48, it 
 is provided that *_' whenever there shall not be a Bishop of Quebec, resident or be- 
 ing within the Diocese of Quebec, aU acts whatever on the part of the Bishop of 
 Montreal, executed in his official capacity of Bishop, shall be «a/td and effectual 
 in as full and ample a manner as if he were Bishop of Quebec.^* 
 
be „<.tl.inK to koq> .livo Ihh Hi»l.oi,.io ; tl,c wholo wouM 
 
 rm .'s' n OS ,,r which, is the C„raalin„, under llic h.l.p.est 
 
 ;rs!hle'm;"u™s, d- .ho Sce„f F-.'"-;™ -'t :t" fol^ 
 Province of New Brunswick. I pray tlml it ma> be soon u 
 owe by a shnilar appoinu.ent in that wiUl a.>a remo o but 
 mosT ntercstinK region to which 1 bavc been perm.ttecl toca y 
 
 vca from this Diocese. There arc persons /'^ing In U..s 
 &ce who were confumecl by the nrst, an.l, at U.« tirne 
 o7his coming here, the f -V Col-.i ^ 
 
 tish Episcopate, Who ^"."^^nZla 's I recently visited 
 ot Nova Scotia to visit ^an^tld 'is recu ^ 
 
 tlio Hudson's Bay Territory. Looking, then, a/;^ J^"g^ 
 vvhich has taken'place in this respect mthm '^^ ^^;^«7 
 oflivins man, for we have now, besides the Bishopric at 
 Itsale^, seventeen Colonial Sees, it does "ot ^ar to be 
 a mere baseless speculation, to keep in prospect and why not to 
 commence putting measures in rain ^-^ -^/f,/^^, ^ of 
 0,is Diocese— not on account of I e ""i^'^^'^' ^ "' ^ of 
 
 i^n.rland population within its l'^^'^^^^"* ^''^ ^^^/f" "J^n to 
 i J^extent^of surface and the consequent exten of Jou"^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 
 be laid for the future, and partly on account ^^J^^ ^^^^^^^^^ 
 already mentioned,of the City of Mon real. I ^^i;^/^^^^^^^^^ 
 opportunity of pointing out to you, with reference to th^JP;^ 
 /cFalexten'tof theD'iocese tb;-<^^^^^^^ 
 cstablishmg a rule t^^\ the con.ccralton oj ^^^^ 
 
 some exceptions, must be lejtjorttie ume V-^ 'V ^._ -v-ie that, 
 wot in m / stated official ournies,—\i bemg impossible inai, 
 n' addirto the amfunt o travelling thence |mpose^^^^^^^^^ 
 lean, consistently with the discharge of other duUeslymg 
 upon my hands, answer calls such ^s I believe at this mo^^^^^^^^ 
 ex^sHbove upon the Ottawa River, and below in the Gvdph ot 
 sT Lawrence for the object of consecrating a single Church n 
 eih^^So'lt IntlJcourseofthetw^ 
 I travelled, in almost every imaginable variety ot mode, in 
 
 "77he Churrh a» Clarendon on ,he Ottawa is aVout 860 mile, from the Churches 
 in the Bay of Chalcurs. 
 
summer and winter, by land and by water, tlirouKh rougli and 
 through smooth, l)olvveen tjigbt and nine thoosand miles ; ami 
 tlio greater half of this a^regale (Instance wws performed in suc- 
 cessive juurnies about ray oWn Dloces^. ' ', "' 
 
 In Ipoking totbc inqrease of the Church, and the means to be 
 prbviuo4 for her future spiHtual exigencie^ It cannot but be 
 matter of great mutual felicitation and of gratitude to God, 
 that it has been p«»t intp tlie heart df onfe ofhis faithful servants 
 in England, an aged laymdh and. 0!l eafly friend of the first 
 Bishop of the i»rotestant See, of Qiifebed, to place at my dis- 
 posal for the benefit of this Diocese, so considerable a portion 
 of hjs yrprli^ly substance, aa that of which you have, no doubt, 
 seen si^tenients piade, and Ibu^ to ehal^le ipo, Iti the discretion- 
 ary! appropri^iion of his bounty, to make a perhianent, althbugb 
 nol a ,U<|l,or sul^cient, endowment tt)i* thd College at Lennox- 
 vilTe, for wiiipti a Charter has b6en oWained, under the name 
 of Bijshbp'sCfollege, and of which the buildings are well ad- 
 vanqetj ;fo;Wairqs, their completion. THi^ munificence of the 
 two gre^t' p^^ Societies at home, has also suppled a 
 most handsome addition io the fund. A fair prospect of 
 
 excellent C^erajyi^^ hltti^elf ^ti emment benefac 
 
 tor tjo the, u|:j(|erta'km^, can hardly be eitiecited to prosper, 
 
 unless ihey ar^secotiiied hi th6 i:butlteWa(n66 aM rbcommenda- 
 
 ^m^^mmm::z 
 
 ' ao(j[i 
 jqj'.oO otlr'lo noitf. •■ • ■' '' 
 
 • The Oolltge'ls Howt(b6Mber»ii845)(iaiUliofi«rAiDiH>flalringb«en opened 
 Vfiih T8r][ eiCQuruging augucias of sucoom in a hoiu^ tenaporarily occupied for Uic 
 purpose, in the Tillage orCcnnoxville, and alt matter^ having' been put in full train 
 by the Corporation, consisting brthe Biiibdp, the Trustees, and the College Coun- 
 cil, aaaerabled upon the spot^ Thja last-mentioned body consists of the Renl. 
 J. H. NicoUs, M. A>^,Miehal FeUoHrpf Queen's College^ Oiford, who had been 
 enzaged in England m preparing young men for their Degrees in that University, 
 Principal ahd Prdfbi^sbr bt iMtitlHy; Mr. HMiry MHes, M. A., Professor of Ma- 
 themaUcs and Phjtaica; and the Beverend L. DoolilUe* Burser.^oTha theological 
 atudents under the protection of the Society for the Propogation of the Gospel, 
 have removed talhe jspot, and, ttgetber with some others, b9,ve entered regularly 
 upon their course of study. 
 
 The Sobool ooilBected vitb the College is als« Hut in<vreasing under the charge 
 of Mr. Miles (inantipqAd lubova). It is conducted at present in a house, which, 
 together with th« gro^j^ailact^pa to it, h^s been acquired as ColMge property. 
 
 Thesiteof tbeColfegOj comprehending sixty acres, is siogularly beautiful and 
 the situation is perfecUy be«lthy. It stands within about a league of Sherbrooke, 
 considered the central point of the Eastern Townships, ti is eralowed with a farm 
 ia the immediate neighbourhood, given by one of the oldest residents of tlie place, 
 
J 
 
 The incorporalion of lliis ColU'^o and ol tlie Church Socicly, 
 as well as thtj pn'^siiig of the Cliurch TtMiiporalitits Act,— 
 although this last ts hy no means free from ohjectioiiahle fea- 
 tures, and differs from the drail prepared among ouisclves,— 
 are boons obtained fiom the Provincial Legislature, for whicli 
 we may bo grateful. I had some faint hopes that I rnight have 
 been enabled upon this occasion of our meeting, to ii»form you 
 of the execution of on arrangement which ought long ago to 
 have existed, for vesting in the hands of the Bishops the issue ot 
 Marriage Licences to the Members ui our own Churoh in these 
 Colonies, upon which subject 1 have addressed tho strongest 
 representations to Her Majesty's Government in this Provmce, 
 besides interesting other parties in the same movement. 1 had also 
 thought it possible that I might have had something to announce 
 to you respecting the formation of Ecclesiastical Courts. Both 
 these objects, however, ai)pear, at present, to bo indefinitely 
 remote. ' In the mean time, I cannot too strongly express my 
 obligations to those of my brethren among the Clergy, who, m 
 ddault of M.y legally constituted Court, have assisted me as 
 Members of Commissions for the investigation and disposal of 
 some more or less difficult ciises.,^ j ^ . ;., ,„ii,, . . 
 
 The changes in o\j\x own body, have been not ftU6geJher m- 
 considerable since we last enjoyed the privilege of meeting, yet 
 less considerable as reprds our numbers, than wo might well 
 and fervently desire— for our (?hie( dependence foi- the augmenta* 
 tion of our fort^e td meet the rising exigencies ofthe Church, he- 
 ing rested upon bur ^honored nurse and protccti 3,the Society for 
 the propagation of the Gospel, and the drains upon that Institu- 
 tion, from different quarters of the world, mult;plying them- 
 selves from year to year, while the support which it receives 
 in England has not, as yet, increased in the same proportion, 
 we are brought to a stand with respect to the formation of new 
 Missions. We hope and pray that it may be only for the mo- 
 ment : in the mean time, we have here an additional stimulus 
 to do all that we can by means of our own local resources. It 
 
 ^d with a Tcry considerable quantily of wild land, by other benefactors, which 
 promises to be valuable at a future day. r .u« r«-»«-i lu. i Rid ih« 
 
 In the Report of the Society for the propagation of the Gospel Ibr 1844, the 
 JiludenU are spoken of, as if they were then already in College at LcnnoxviUe. 
 ThU has proceeded apparently from a misconception of some eipressions in my own 
 letters which were intended to refer to Tftrcc Ktvm, the place where some of 
 them, who arc still upon the list, were at that time pursuiiig their studies under the 
 direction of the Rev. S. S. Wood, M. A., a gentlemen always remembered by hi« 
 pupils with just and aflectionate respect. 
 
6 
 
 i.s a ground of thankfulness tliat we have been enabled to main- 
 tain two Travelling Missioniaries, and to assist in the mainte- 
 nance of » third,' nmier the auspices of the Diocesan Church 
 Society, an Institotion%ho8e irtteref^ts, most closely identified 
 with those of the 'Church in the Diocese, I do hope and trust 
 that every one of you, my brethren,wili feel it amatterof consci- 
 ence tote ceaselessly exerting himself to proniote: and I would 
 earnestly press upon' yH3U the importance of attending with- 
 out fflilurefwithin your respective Districts, the periodical meet- 
 ings with your brethren, connected with this object. The addi- 
 tion to^our number since the last Visitation is, in all, that of thir- 
 teen d^gymen holding newly crt^tfed appoitttrtiehts withixi the 
 Diociesci,l»*sidos four who have been' ^ti'gfig^d as Assistants or a& 
 Curatds.' One has been suddenly taken frotti us— one who but 
 very tateiy^ood prepared lo present him^df for Priests' Orders 
 upon IheHoccElfeiion >6f Sunday last and to tak^ his place amon^ 
 us in the •proceetJings of this day. He is gone, we fully trust, 
 througfi the merty! of God in Christ, to take it ^« <^e General 
 Jlssen^ly &nd Church of the first-horn tDhich are ^vritten in 
 /ica?x?w;ii»ml has left behind him, within the humble sphere of 
 his shor(-li.TH^ Mbours as an Assistant in a Canadian country- 
 missifflfp} Ja -ehamcter fof faithfulness not; I Relieve, without 
 evidence 'df jt«* fruits;* ' '/u'mti iJiii; /jvioviu \jiii iij\ 
 
 To die^aml to be witi* Ohti^t'1^ffit^'b6ttaf4iyt ' tohe here : 
 and thefe'andi'rfi^riy'of usv'l "^oubf ricJt','v^Jio feel'ii tobe so, not 
 simply^rom th^^onfvictidnsof''ffelth'a*ftl •^fclilations of hope' 
 with reference totb<jMesSJnj^i6f'^^'Jtfe' (6 '6<iii^-'but from the 
 positiire deteire,' tipon oct^isiori, '^^6 dt^\i ■ m 'dtir'rest from the 
 solicitudes and difficulties attaching to oUhtkt^^l'Upon whom, ' 
 however, can these be said to prfess V/ith' (ho same force as 
 upon the individuals who, in agitated and undasy times, stand 
 at the helm of ecclesiastical affairs, and, and in the Colonial 
 Dioceses, are called upon to portion out the meagre provision 
 and to apply the strained expedient or the imperfect remedy to 
 the fast increasing wants of the Church ? Or who, like they, 
 
 * It is pleasing to record the kindiiCEs and good-will nianifesfed towards the 
 widow and numerous family of the clergyman whose decease is here noticed. The 
 Congregation voluntarily paid to her the full year's amount of their proportion of 
 his salary, although he had served them but t^ months ; and they provided for the 
 conveyance of the family to a part of the townships distant from their own, where 
 there was a farm, Uie prope-ly of the deceased. The tenant also of this farm un- 
 hesitatingly vacated it for the receptiin of the family, and the neighbours combined 
 to put in the crop-. 
 
 i 
 
can need the prayers of their brethren, timl Uich* hearts may 
 be comforted and their hands strengthened and guided in their 
 work ? — Yet, each for himself, the Clergy have need enough 
 to pray and to seek the benefit of mutual prayer ; and many are 
 the conspiring causes which call upon us, in a special manner, 
 to '' walk warily in tlicse dangerous days" ;f to give no offence 
 in any quarter, thfut the ministry be not blamed ; to walk 
 in wisdom toward them that are without, and to manifest as 
 well the most irreproachable prudence of deportment as the 
 most exemplary devotedness in duty, that they of the contrary 
 f^ri mxiy be ashamed, having no evil thing to say of us. 
 
 Among the matters which at this day affect the- Gliufch of 
 England at large, the divisions which exist within its ©wttbosom 
 and the questions which are agitated both by th«nX)ibrgy and 
 the laity, constitute no small portion of the difficulty '<l»f the 
 times. This is a subject which it is scarcely permissible >tD pass 
 ^Yithout notice, yet one which, for my own part^ Iiapprobch^with 
 indescribable repugnance, and feel to be fM20ufinber,ed> \fi^ per-* 
 plexities demanding a wisdom and a knowledge tgceater t'ham ! 
 can hope to bring to the qnccunter. There ar^ sohw! parts of 
 ministerial dutv which, how<?Yer awful may be itbe iresponsi- 
 bilities which they involve, and however impernttve IhO' .claim 
 which they maj^a , upon,, loyn energies, arq in themselves very 
 obvious and sirpjn^^ ol(^/<iQe?!W>t<ieli[iaad any highly diwjdmi- 
 native acumep;, jit j49^s jTv^tJWpose any: very €labii>rate reseiroh 
 to become aware tb^^t it is the^i^uty jof the S-hejAerdifcOi give hitn- 
 self to the work of fe^dipg th^ flock of, Christ, and oiwatehmg 
 for souls as one thafi m^st, give ttccownJ—rand that thei vows 
 of his office bind hin^j tf^^peyef to cease his labour, bis care and 
 diligence,":!: in seqking to turn the hearts qf the disobedient 
 to Vie wisdom qf the Just,-r-fi94urf» m«« from darkness to 
 light, and fronythe -po^er of Satan ur^ta Chd, by bringing 
 to bear upon them the jfall power. and direct operation of the 
 Gospel of Salvation — working iri their careless worldly hearts, 
 a conviction of sin and danger,and prompting them to ^ee/rom 
 the wrath to come — eiid to find their only help in the grace of 
 their God, their only hof>e in the Crossof their Redeemer. 
 
 So far, — in whatever degriee men may truly not up to it,— ap- 
 pears to be sufficiently plain. And if the mind be not strangely 
 
 f Cominination-serTicc. 
 i Ordination of Priests. 
 
 1 ».' ! 
 
8 
 
 warped indeed, — I cannot acquit my conscience without plainly 
 speaking my own convictions here, — it is equally beyond the 
 reach of mistake that we cannot in common consistency or 
 with the very smallest semblance of observing our conscien- 
 tious obligations, do what nevertheless is done by men exhibit- 
 ing the extreme of both parties in the Church. We must only 
 deplore a state of things in which it is left possible on either 
 side, for men holding such opinions to remain in the ministry 
 of the Church ; and must pray God to hasten the day when 
 anomalies so fraught with reproach and mischief shall no lon- 
 ger be permissible within her bosom.* If, for example, there 
 be any casuistry contrived by which men can accept the de- 
 crees of the Council of Trent, and at the same time subscribe 
 the Articles of the Church of England, then I do not, for one, 
 hesitate to say, though without charging upon those who may 
 adopt it, any such deliberate purpose, that this is a sort of 
 casuistry which wouM tend in its consequences to evert the 
 foundations of moral obligation among mankind ; which would 
 nullify the sanctity of oaths, dissolve the force of solemn con- 
 tracts, and dissipate all reliance, not only upon the faith of 
 pledged assurances, but upon the very meaning of words. 
 There is a celebrated religious order, who have played a great 
 part in the world, and seem now destined in all probability to 
 play a greater, from whose name, in consequence of their sys- 
 tematized table of equivocating and accommodating morality, 
 causing them to be dreaded in Romish no less than in Protes- 
 tant countries, it is well known that a word expressive of that 
 species of sophistry has been formed ; — no other term, as I con- 
 ceive, than this, in its most empnatic import, can describe the 
 process by which the same mind can be made to receive the 
 scriptural declarations of the Anglican Articles and to bow to 
 the dogmas and pretensions of Rome. And I may here observe,by 
 the way, that H^according to what we have seen stated in the pub- 
 lic journals, there be a legal and technical point of view in which 
 the Church of England is held by lawyers not to be aprotestarU 
 Church, i.e., I presume, (for I have seen no particulars,) as not 
 having framed and promulgated a formal and express protest 
 like that of certain continental Churches, against the system and 
 the claims of the Papacy, — thai does not in the slightest degree, 
 affect the fact of her virtually protesting in the most distinct, 
 
 * This remark may be thought to require some qualification in consequence or 
 teriaiit pracecdings of aulhority, in recent instances, at home. 
 
9 
 
 solemn, ami eiiLM-getic manner, — as must bo apparent upon tlie 
 very face of )jer Articles and Homilies to, all who inspect them. 
 — alike against that system and those claims.,. Nor is itto be 
 forgotten, even with ^-eference lo tlie le£;al hso of the <erm, 
 that the Sovereign is .sworn by the Coronation Oath, admi- 
 nistered by the Arclibishop or pishop, to maintain ■ the true 
 profession of the Oo^peji and ;the' i»R0TE9TANT reformed Re- 
 ligion established 1»J5? tnw ; amd ,tbat the Act-of Union between 
 England and 4r|eja^S./(l^c^J.l),PS:tie;' €hurc^ England ds a 
 Protestant Chnfj^^^',,i^(^{\^ri^ake one more example- ftom the 
 language of thi^t; legislation ' upon. ChurcTii matters to which the 
 Bishops have. b^ei«^[mrtieg,,,iliQ (Quebec, Act, 41 Geo Hi, c 41, 
 appropriates a s^'^enihr.j)f t^elands in this c^ fof the. main- 
 
 tenance, by the,pe g^^hf 'j^ct, ii^ a Pro^^^ 
 Protestant CJiprgy,iin tlie contemplation of the frap^rsof that 
 Act, were, asit.apipie?irsby'every one of the clauses relating to 
 endowment, the^ Glecgy of the Church of ; England, and no other. 
 But if we are to.T^pudiate the titUQiProtestahf^ =we toust not 
 only acquiesce ip,]t|L^ Qorrftctness ojf the proceeding which cut 
 away from us so yait a portion of tliis patrimony, bufcmiist re- 
 nounce all claim to gny share of it whatever^ In fact we 
 should have no business hero"; for if the views which have heen 
 enunciated in someiraodern publications be correct^ the whol6 
 field ought to have been left', in this coiintry,' to the Church of 
 Rome and our people ous;ht to have united tHemselves^with her 
 communion. . • •* ■'"■■ '^' 
 
 "J", You are aware that the branch of the Church which subsists 
 in a neighbouring country, has assumed as her* formal and dis- 
 tinctive local title^ that of the Pro/6sfant Episcopal Church of 
 the United States of America. 
 
 I need not ftirther enlarge, however, upon an extravagance 
 of deviation which ! trust there is no danger Of our witnessing 
 here. — But having noticed the extremes of one party and the 
 glaring repugnancy of those extremes to the principles which 
 are made binding upon the ministers of the Church of England, 
 it is proper also to point out that, in the opposite extreme,we find 
 the same inconsistency with the retention of office in that 
 Church, manifesting itself in a mannor equally conspicuous. 
 We find, for example, a clergyman who holds the views of 
 Protestant dissent, and specially in reference to the effect of the 
 sacrament of baptism, publishing his reasons for remaining in 
 the Church notwithstanding his opinion of her erroneous teach- 
 
 IHI 
 
 B 
 
10 
 
 
 ing, anil actually labouring to prove, first that certain doctrines 
 are unscriptural, and next that those identical doctrines are 
 distinctly maintained by the Church of England, whose bread 
 the digestive powers of his conscience permit him still content- 
 edly to eat. 
 
 My brethren, there can be no use in seeking to shut our own 
 eyes against the existence of these unhappy circumstances in 
 the Church, nor, — alt.hough,we should never, upon any account, 
 needlessly or gratuitously bring them forward,--in striving to 
 cloak them from the observation of other men. We have to 
 be thankful, in conjunction with these and other causes of sor- 
 row,— such as our want of discipline, our hampered organiza- 
 tion, our manifold sins, all pregnant with the production of 
 dissent, — we have to be thankful for great mercies and privi- 
 leges extended to our Church and great hopes which we may 
 warrantably conceive of her rapidly extending usefulness and 
 efficiency as a specially ordained instrument for advancing the 
 kingdom of Christ over the world. We may, in fact, look upon 
 the very elements, in many instances, of strife and disquietude 
 and alarm, as among the indications of a spirit stirred within 
 her which will not rest till it shall have been permitted to 
 accomplish mighty things :— no great movement, enlisting high 
 feelings and ardent sympathies in Religion, can well take place 
 among infirm and fallible men, without manifesting the inciden- 
 tal consequence of excesses, obliquities, and irregularities of 
 thought and action, and these perhaps in many different direc- 
 tions. Nor will the great adversary who is permitted to vex the 
 Church in her state of probation', ever fail to be most busy 
 where fresh impulses have been given to her zeal ; and, if he 
 cannot check the onward career of her champions, at least by 
 specious appearances thrown in their way, to lure some of them 
 aside in their pursuit. 
 
 In the mean time we must remember the difficulty of our 
 task, and endeavour, by the guidance of the Spirit of Order, 
 truth, and love, to preserve our equipoise between the conflict- 
 ing forces which beat upon us on the right hand and on the left, 
 -—not by a sluggish or timid abstinence from action, not by a 
 heavy continuance in an old pace and long-travelled track in 
 which we do not choose to be disturbed,— but by a well-exa- 
 mined adoption of what is good and rejection of what is erro- 
 neous, whether it be found in this party" or in that,— not follow- 
 ing either one or the other as a party but doing, independently 
 
 fr' 
 
 
11 
 
 s> 
 
 ^1 
 
 f 
 
 of the solicitations of mere example or tlie influences of contact, 
 what is right in itself. It is by no means a matter of uncommon 
 occurrence that men become implicated, as it were, in a cer- 
 tain set of opinions and practices which they take, in the aggre- 
 gate, from parties whose proceedings they admire, and find 
 themselves, rather too late, embarrassed by some of the details 
 to which thev thus stand committed. It is wise to proceed with 
 caution and to see our way well before us in following the lead 
 of those who are given to change, especially if it be change 
 which is violent and sudden— bearing in mind an ancient piece 
 of advice which may be applied to the case — 
 
 .... nee desiliaa imitator in arclutn 
 Unde pedem proferre pudor vetat .... 
 How much, in any public movement, of the loud assertion of 
 principles and opinions is mere echo sent round from mouth to 
 mouth, or in what instances the very adoption of revived prac- 
 tices of antiquitv, although it may sound like a contradiction, is 
 simplv the prevalent love of something new, and the disposition 
 to be 'caught by any reigning fashion,— it might be a matter ot 
 some curiosity to calculate. . , , u • t 
 
 But we must grapple a little more closely with the subject 
 and proceed to the consideration of some specilic questions,with 
 a reference to which these observations have been made. In 
 order to do this, I must draw very much more largely upon your 
 patience than I could desire for such an object: in fact lam 
 utterly ashamed, by the side of the things of eternity and the inte- 
 rests of souls committed to our hands, and in the face of such 
 calamitous judgments as are here to be witnessed, to be labour- 
 ing with you in niceties of rubrical detail. And certamly there 
 is no necessity for my doing so arising from any prevailing trou- 
 ble in this Diocese upon the subject, or any unquiet spirit in the 
 body of Clergy over whom I have been so favoured as to pre- 
 side. Nevertheless, we are not, as we have found, so far out of 
 the world as to lie unaffected by the undulations which agitate 
 its surface in other quarters ; and the discussions which reach 
 us, of the nature here in view, being such as, in some instances, 
 may lead to an amended practice, though upon points contes- 
 sedly of a secondary importance, and in others may be "lade 
 party tests, or converted into,groundsof conscient-ous dilhculty 
 and scruple, we must not grudge them some measure ot our 
 attention. 
 
12 
 
 The Jatc IcUcroi' our venerated Melropoliljui to the ('lcr«'y 
 and Laity of his Province, and,— MJiat I must mention wiUi 
 some modesty in conjunction with this,— tlie remarks which 1 
 ielt myself called upon to oiler to your attention in making the 
 announcement to you of the arrangements for our present meet- 
 ing,* have served to dispose of some of these questions, and 1 
 am relieved of all endeavour to frame injunctions or to prepare 
 authoritative regulations upon any of the points which are in 
 dispute, 1 believe, however, that you expect from me sucJj 
 assistance in forming a judgment upon some of these points as 
 I may be competent to afford. 
 
 1 will first consider with you, the impossibility of receiving 
 without some limitations, exceptions, and qualifications, the 
 principle of obedience, at this day, to the letter of our rules and 
 rubrics. 
 
 We next turn our attention to certain instances in which it 
 is both fairly practicable and manifestly desirable, as accordant 
 with the principle of duty no less than 'as subservient to edifica- 
 tion, to recover the observance of rules which have fallen into 
 desuetude,— to establish a closer conformity with the orderly 
 appointments of the Church and to improve the practice more 
 or less generally prevailing, by simply doing, where there is 
 nothing to prevent it, what the prayer book tells us to do 
 
 With reference, then, to the first point :— It is often asked 
 in a sort of triumphant anticipation of cutting off any alternative 
 from the answer— Are we bound to obey the rubrics and direc- 
 tions of the Church or are we not ? 
 
 Now certainly, as a general principle, I would say, in a 
 religious sense and with reference to matters of ecclesiastical 
 
 •The portions of the letter here referred to, which are general and which relate 
 to the question respecting certain vestments, must be taken in coniunc ion 
 with the present Charge, as forming parts of the same whole. The Letter has 
 been published as a pamphlet in England :-lhis was done by a most friendly hand 
 and after consultation with a Bishop of the English Bench, but it was done without 
 my privity or any aniicipaiion, on my part, of such a step. I had, however Sn 
 a discretion intended to apply to the publication in some of the Journals of a nartr. 
 cular passage, which discretion appears to have been understood in a larger sense 
 
 I may here take the opportunity of making a correction, in one particular of thai 
 letter It appeared to me after I had sent it to the Clergy that, in treat, "e of S 
 use of the surplice in the pulpit, I ou^ht not to have rankfd among a«SoSa„! 
 living writers who have given their opTnion upon the subject. Thiy are amont^h^ 
 CStZ^' r 1 "^r^ ^omthprities for'seUling the' qu'estion? ShoukI SJ of 
 the Clergy, therefore, have occasion to refer anew to that letter they will do ?»ell 
 sn arriving at their conclusion, to throw out of the list of authorUkI aT^ esUmonv 
 except hat which may afford light upon the usage receiveZd he vewerer^ 
 tamed in past limes, respecting the matter which it in A^h.u »n„n" .=''?- 4" 
 
 ■ 
 
13 
 
 1. 
 
 (liiJy, lliat ii' the enquiry be put vir bonus est quis% he is one 
 Qui consulta patrum^qui leges juraque servat. But,in the first 
 place, all who assume it as a matter of conscientious obligation 
 to observe all the appointments and directions of our public for- 
 mularies according to the letter, must be prepared to go the 
 ivhole length to which their own assumption will carry them. 
 Tliey must make no exceptions, unless where the observance of 
 rule is actually impossible. I do not mean that they are called 
 upon to observe what are stiled black-letter as distinguished 
 from red-letter days : — the reason of the retention in our Ca- 
 lendar of the notice of such days, is explained by our liturgical 
 writers as unconnected with any idea of religious observance, — 
 in fact the religious observance of them in the Church of Eng- 
 land IS forbidden by the same authority which gives legal effect 
 to our Liturgy,* — and it would be a strange and sad forgetful- 
 ness of our principles that we should spend our devotion upon 
 such matters as the Invention of the Cross^ or, above all, as 
 the immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary, an obser- 
 vance which has been violently opposed within the Church of 
 Rome itself and upon which Popes have been much embarrassed 
 to pronounce, f 1 do not mean this, therefore ; but 1 mean that, 
 as in the loftier contemplation of the law of God himself, if any 
 man offend in one point, he is guilty of all, so, if we estab- 
 lish it as an axiom of duty that we are simply, literally, and 
 invariably, without regard to precedents of whatever standing, 
 change of circumstances,:}: or tacit sanction of authority, to fol- 
 low the original directions of the Church,which still stand upon 
 the face of her accredited forms, — we are bound in one point 
 as much as in another ; and, this principle once established, 
 as a rule of conscience, we violate conscience unless, among 
 other things, we perform the daily service, morning and even- 
 
 • See Whcatlcy on the Calendar and on Ihc Rubric after the Nicene Creed, 
 and Burn's Ecclcs. Law, Art. Holidays. 
 
 \ See Mosheim Cent : XII and XVII. 
 
 % There is a remark of Bingtiam in his Origines Ecclesiasticse, respecting the 
 Church nt large in ancient and modern times, which, with the necessary qualifica- 
 tion, may be applied to the same National Church in diflferent stages of its history : 
 " Some Laws were made upon particular reasons peculiar to the state and circum- 
 stances of the Church in those times : And it tvould be neither reasonable nor pos- 
 sible to reduce men to the observance of all such Laws, when the reasons for them 
 are ceased and the stale of affairs and circumstances of the Church are lO much 
 altered." 
 
u 
 
 ing, either in public or in private,* and observe all the vigils 
 and lasts of the Calendar, according to the manner of obser- 
 vance understood by the framers of the injunction. Men who 
 conceive this view of their obligations and fully and strictly 
 act up to them, are conscientious and consistent men ; but this 
 inmost cases, would be very difficult, and, doing any thin.' 
 short of this, we must either admit the principle that the 
 sanctions of human authority may, in some minor details, be- 
 come partially obsolete,— or else must confess that we live in 
 a continual violation of conscientious duty. 
 
 J do not apprehend (as I shall proceed presently to sjiew.) 
 that under a right view oi the subject, we are placed in any 
 such dilemma. But let me beseech you. before vou commit 
 yourselves to the principle of unbending adherence, at all ha- 
 zards and m all case?, to literal rule, at least to consider into 
 what a Pca you launch and upon what togsirg elements vou 
 will find yourselves embarked. If you would trace out the thread 
 ot authority for the guidance of your practice, irrespectively of 
 all received usage or reference to the Ordinary, you find at the 
 outset, rubrics conflicting, I do not say with each other, 
 aithou^hmstancesmight very easily be pointed out in which 
 you might be at a loss to conciliate different rubrics together, 
 
 w! h^i r .*'''"'^,"^*u"^. '""'''^ ^^"''"'' «"^' A^t« «f Parliament 
 with both, to which Acts of Parliament the lords spiritual as 
 well as temporal have been parties and the Sovereign power 
 has given its sanction ; of this kind of thing you see examples 
 by comparing the rubric with the Canon, on the subject of cate- 
 
 ««S'- l^t '"^"^ '^'^^' *^^^ ^^'•"^S^ '^^t respecting the 
 pubhcahon of banns :-you find that there are other rubrics 
 on which the learned are not agreed, of which, among many 
 examples, may be taken the prohibition by Bishop Cosins, U 
 ritualist upon whose authority much reliance is placed in some 
 pomts now agitated in the Church,)-to use the prayer for all 
 so ts and conditions of men in the evening service :--.you find 
 a disputable or certainly a disputed legality attaching to diffe- 
 
 Sn?.?-''!^"'-^^ r^'^^'t'^^ or permitted and adopted by 
 authority ,n the CLurch,~as the discretion given in the book 
 
 con^d5e^'ot"ii!^'„^*l"V•^^'?P"^.''^'•^"•'="' ^^'^^^ circumstances favor it, I 
 conceive lo be eminently desirable and advantageous ; but I cannot avoM ihinli„„ 
 
 i 
 
15 
 
 1 
 
 of lioinilies respecting tlie diangn in the appointed lesson ; the 
 use of the metrical psahns ; the ccrennonial for the Consecra- 
 tion of Churches ; the appointed forms for certain Anniversa- 
 ries in the State, observed by the Church at home ; — again 
 you fmd that practices which have been denounced as unwar- 
 ranted, unecclesiastical,and savouring of the character of dissent, 
 sucIj as the use of metrical psahns just mentioned and still more 
 of metrical hymns, are ascertained by better investigation of 
 the subject to be sufficiently authorized and in keeping with the 
 principles of the Anglican Church,* and you are thence led to 
 hesitate in adopting the same condemnatory kind of sentence 
 pronounced very peremptorily upon this or that other practice 
 which had long been received without question : — again you 
 find that there are cases in which, as matters now stand with us 
 in the Church, great dilTicuUies would be created and mischie- 
 vous consequences would be produced by attempting to enforce 
 the literal strictness of rule, — as for example in requiring three 
 sponsors, with the exclusion of the parents, and the exaction 
 that all the three must be communicants, — the maintenance 
 of which rule, in every particular, would, in a vast multi- 
 tude of cases in this country, amount to the absolute denial of 
 baptism, and yet the discrigtion taken to dispense with it, re- 
 solves itself, after all, into expediencyf and cannot be justified 
 upon any other principle than that, which some men persuade 
 themselves that conscience can never do otherwifo than re- 
 pudiate, and which certainly must be admitted with great 
 
 • See Jebb's Choral Service, pp. 370, 393,-4.— With respect, however, to llie 
 use of Paalms or hymns before tlie commencement of the service, see the con- 
 demnatory, and I think correct, remarks of the same author, pp. 232,-3. 
 
 f There is sometimes danger in the use of a word which happens to bear a parti- 
 cular sense in connection with some reigning system, sentiment, or practice, be- 
 cause many minds can hardly dissociate the word from that particular idea, — much 
 in the same way as among persons who are in the habit of noting certain examples 
 of American phraseology, you cannot use such words as guess or considerable, al- 
 though in a perfectly legitimate and English acceptation, without being liable to 
 the imputation of an Americanism. The hackneyed use of the word expediency 
 to denote a line of policy contradistinguished from that which is based upon priu' 
 ciple, may suggest to some persons an idea of affinity with this, in reading the pas- 
 sage above. But to every attentive and candid reader it will be apparent from the 
 whole {' 'or of my observations that my object is not to substitute expediency for 
 princt, but to shew thai Here are cases in which, leaving principle entirely 
 undamagtiu, expediency is an^ ^kust be the guide of practice. If they conflict, then 
 let the maxin) Fiat juslUia, ruat ceelum be applied, with whatever needful adapta- 
 tion, to the case and practically carried out. As to the mere use of the word, it 
 must be superfluous to point out that there is a class of christian duties for which 
 expediency is laid down by St. Paul as the special ground. 
 
Hi 
 
 caution ami upon we'l-examinetl grouncl.s,^namely, (|,e ni.v,. 
 tionot rule.n adapUtion to pre\ailin^r Exigency o'.ni 
 altered times. And here you find attain 11,^^1; V 
 l.me. andnow circumstance; not onl^Xe J' "m/J T' i' 
 tHH.8fromst,l sulsisting iormal direction, but many P act. ccs 
 
 Srfh I I ''" ^''^"^'^ ^^'"'^^' «" introduction ?n7u t h" 
 Chuich and have incorporated themselves, if I may so exnress 
 t, with the original plant, for which m. regular autlorltv' an 
 be pletuled and ;vhich may properly afiord sub ec^fo corrcfc 
 
 lips r :::=::£;£-■ = 
 
 the benediction found m the end of the post-communion service 
 after U.e sermon at evening pray er,-( the sermon. indeerS 
 at that time being a performance not contemplated by ho 
 framers of the Liturgy. ) l„ the same category vve must nial 
 U»e annouricement which is made of the prLncTorrwoman 
 who IS to ha churched-a practice which has evlntlyTZn 
 outof the neglect of the rule,~-(I would that the pil^^usZ 
 
 nL?J -^ lu /^f'"' J"""*"-/* -that she shoPid occupy a speci' 
 place m the Church which indicates her to the eve of h1 
 
 being nothing, when she is mixed in the mass of ti,e Cone, e^a! 
 tion, to gam any definite application to that form of ihZl' 
 g vjng^^unless it be preceded by such an intimatTon from tt 
 
 I pass over the discontinuance of certain vestments in thp 
 celebration of particular offices, from the contrued ise of 
 
 mo7'»rt/y''o/S-L;n:; S'CJ."' remM^ in his admirable ,er. 
 
 Society for promZ'i CI^^^uLk,^^^^^^^ ''>'? "P°" '^' ""' ''^'^'^ 
 
 from aiicien* Liturgils, orRSforZ^T pIm" a" "'"^^ ^^ ""J"' " ''"rrowed 
 di.co„tin.ied in the rub ic. yet thia wC doniTs""^ 'I """, •" ^""^ '''""^h aftenvanl« 
 And notwilhalanding since iff lait S.v«n /k^™"^** "'»''?'. ""^ "°^ by authority, 
 yet Custom, sUll continues this anr.V„ fl •^'''"^■.*'"^".^'''"*'«'' '" O"^ Liturgj- • 
 
 It is upon the authority nfRUh ^ **' *" ""'^ '^'"«*' ^^e roicc 0/ 2^«,." 
 direclion,'wh!ch stood ? Ki.f. FSfvarrsV'- ' 'f "K"'"^' '''' »'"'"•- "^ ^'^'•» 
 
 prinUr-andhesuppliesfrom Birorc i. 7n„7^,f' '•.° '"^'"^ "''g'^'^' «'' «^'« 
 ration was contemplated ^ ' * '"'^*' "'^ eridence that no juch altc- 
 
17 
 
 ^ ■/ 
 
 which, upon Ihc principle here in .luesiion, Ihcrc is no escape, 
 they hcing i iijointd in tlic 2nd hook of King Edward the sixth 
 and consoquenlly comprehended in the directions prehxed to 
 our present liturgy.* I pass over also the deviation from the 
 ruhric which has hecome universal, in dispensing with tlio 
 immersion of healthy suhjects for haptism, as well as the non- 
 ohservance of the Canon respecting Clerical hahits to be worn 
 upon the common occasions of life— only observing with re- 
 ference to this last point, that, however highly desirable and 
 useful may bo the uniform adoption of a distinctive dress ot a 
 proper and decidedly ecclesiastical character, by the Clergy,— 
 and most decidedly do I hold it to be so,~the partial adoption 
 of it at the discretion of individuals, without any settled rule or 
 well-understood pattern, would have, at best, a very mixed 
 kind of effect.— There is one other kind of case, however, 
 which I wish to consider with you, — the case in which 
 the strict observance of the letter, sensibly violates the 
 SPIRIT of the liturgyf and runs counter to the principles and 
 the system upon which it was framed. Of this it does appear 
 to my iud«rment (as I stated in conversation,—! think five 
 years ago,— when a reference was made to me upon the sub- 
 
 • That this is Ihc regulation eslablishcd by the language of the prayer-book, 
 has been pointed out in different publications of a recent date : but it is f >so/ou"d 
 indicated in the Clergyman's Vade Mecum so long ago as in the year 1723 (fifib 
 edit 1—" By a more diligent perusal" says the Aullior, " of the Commanion- 
 Officc. it appears that the Cope is enjoined to the cclcbraling priest, a/ts and lunt- 
 eles to the attending clergymen. And the reader may observe that at the rubric 
 which enjoins the surplice, there is no mention made of ils being to bo used at the 
 Communion; the reason of which was that ano//ier habit had been before pres- 
 cribed for that office^ . ,.,,,. 
 
 I may here incidentally taUe occasion to'noticc a question submitted to me at one 
 of the Visitations respecling tlic Scarf, the use of which was believed in some quar- 
 ters to be properly restricted lo Chaplains and dignitaries. This question is disposed 
 of by Mr. Jcbb in his work on the Choral Service pp. 215-16, and he there referS. 
 to the recommendation of Bp. Jebb that the Scarf should be worn by all clergy- 
 tnen. The omission of it, however, by Deacons appears lo be a proper mark of 
 difference between the two Orders. The distinction between the Scarf and the 
 tippet mentioned in the 58th Canon, appears to be now los^ ,...,. ... . 
 
 There is another, though indeed an exceedingly trifling matter which this will be 
 the place to notice, if it be noticed at all. Tlic bands being only as Mr. Jebb ex- 
 presses it, and as maybe traced out by observing many cIJ portraits, or prints 
 engraved after them, «* a modification of the collar," it is inconsistent and of bad 
 effect lo wear, in conjunction with bands, the shirt-collar protruding o\cr thd 
 iieckcjoth. It might be called a pleonasm but I should rather call it a solecism, m 
 
 ^ '^Y'^nd surely the compliance with her spirit, is as obligatory as the observance 
 of her letter.— Jebb's Choral Service . r i 
 
 The words, however, arc not used l)y the author in support of such an argumcRl 
 
 as I am lure pursuing. 
 
 C 
 
18 
 
 (■rf.f 
 
 J€ct by such of lay biylfarcn, ia a bmly, ns were at tlic momonf 
 in Montreal,) that llui use of llic uwat excellent pt.'.yei for 
 the CUurcli Militant, — after we liavc already used in the !«nmo 
 service, oithor tlio full morning prayer, or tljo former pan of 
 U f\)lU>wed by tI»o Litimy, — aUbrds a. decided ts.ample. Tlio 
 combination in one, of services originally distiriet, the dosing 
 of the former of which is most appropriately marked hy the prayer 
 of St. Chrysostom and the precatory benediction of St. Paul, 
 designed there as a form of dismissal^ is manifestly a devia- 
 tion ffom the intention of those wise master-builders who com- 
 piled the Litany of the Church of England — more than a 
 tloviatioin, it is a shock given to the symmetry ond the pro- 
 porlious of Ibeir plan by overcharging certain parts — and espc- 
 ciftUy, if fully carried out, for they never contemplated tno 
 rODQwed enumeration, during the same attendance in the 
 1jou$b of God, of all the diflcrent orders and clatocs of men 
 who,, In their several capacities, are made the subjects of in- 
 ,terc9S$pry prayer. In this iteration and re-iteration during the 
 eara« ,^ervice, of petitions for the same objects, we are doing 
 what they never mtended that v/e should do. By uniting the 
 ^rvic98, .we are drawn, as it is, wd withopt the addition of 
 the piiJvyer for the Churph MilijtatJ^, into several repetitions 
 which must be admitted, I think, (o jar against the original 
 designf--«as for example the use, twice oyer, of the Collect for 
 the day, and pCthe Apostoriq,^*;d ^iidtsrie C'^ieds upoi. the 
 same occasion^ to say nothirxir ti,'< aore frequent repetition 
 of (he liOrd's prayef than was m the mind oi the compilers. 
 By still adding to all this the prayer for the Church Militant, 
 , and more particularly in places were, as in this Cathedral, the 
 Bidding prayer, so similar tb this in its structure and in the ob- 
 jeotfl which it specifies, is used before the sermon,:^ we are doing 
 yet further violence to the arrangement and distribution made 
 by \/ vh^ttd^ of our Reformers, of the public devotions through 
 the day. 
 
 i! The ««n?i pf tlie matter, therefore, appears to me to be 
 ^jysk....kthat her6 we want to add to the ordinary Sunday morn- 
 ing spr^i,b0> tfie prayer for the Church Militant, upon the 
 
 l' 'rtili ii^fiMit H libt affected bf t>»i'clrcum tancc of Ihe bidding-prayer hehg 
 regarded rather as a eh&rve to pray or a diroction spccirying the objects of prayer, 
 than as prayer \Ue\t, especially as the aot oF preaching, with this prayer prccedinp; 
 it, appears orig^ally to have been something quite septrablo trow any of the stated^ 
 
 services. 
 
 
 :' 
 
l» 
 
 I Itch 
 
 J 
 
 d 
 
 er 
 
 irround o/ obedience lu the rubii. . But ( .c aulhonl) 
 
 estuMishoa thcruhri.-s was that urKfcr whrH ^l'*' l^' ;»r. v at 
 
 hirjro was I'mmcd ; and hy n prcviotis .UH.art.rro, ^Mth lo ^- 
 
 rctx'ivcd (Mistoin has sanctioned and in winch Nto u qmfes. S 
 
 from the liturgical scheme of that very «;|t»»«"ty. .'f^ "^ 
 
 thf use of this prayer after the sermon, I wdl not sny i»r Vdper, 
 
 but ill-timed and redundant. H i^ at least a ([» ';stlrtt» h^re- 
 
 fore, (and I bog it t.) be obser od that as n t{atBtim «"»> f-Jj 
 
 venture to treat it,) whether, 1 ^ving once undertaken t». hi d 
 
 the services which that auth>ntij had made seimraii 
 
 liaving thus anticipated the mat or contained m the pray< 
 
 the Church Militant, We do not rather follow the miml 
 
 same authority hy again making separation, though itt *nu 
 
 place, so as to omit the prayer m nuestion, (»»f \"g *f ^^,^^ ^ 
 
 sanction of long established custom for domg so,) '^^"^ ^^y^; J 
 
 it at the expcnce of creating repet, tions origma ly '"'rrtenUe 
 
 For, in effect, we only thus tah off from this prtrt ot '^ 
 
 service, what wo have put on -r/ore tod; and the o«c 
 
 change has been a natural consequ nee of the other, Ami irestN 
 
 as far as 1 can see, upon very much the same ^nd-; ;ot 
 
 ''"Thctddition made by this pray. Mo the ^^^^t^^^^Jl^^^*^'^^';; 
 nary morning service,^ ^^%'r''^^^T\t.:Sl^.!T 
 
 • ThU view of th« question receives r^rlicu >■ ^"PP'i^^JS^l^^ 
 mark made by Dr. BUso. upon the prayer for t ^^'^^'^^f'f^^^JlZks 
 lie -ay., " contain, in it vipplicatians, prayer*, . «ff '"''^„°"i«^Sl"e dNSts 
 for dU men, for Kings and all that arem a Montyy " ^tt^^^ri «r a S^ 
 Which egression of our universal charily is hish y necessary wh^Sn there ikacMJ 
 bration of the Lord's Sopper ; but tvhen there i^ "°"«; J^^^^f ^/.S^'^^^^^ 
 
 ««sion, IT 18 NECtaSAHY.TO Tltt ''^/NDCOMPLtTETH* SECOND .E»^^^^^ 
 
 WHICH IS A niSTiKCT SEiivicK, ond inthcti »t inslilutjon, was periormeu 
 
 'fn^tn?\S^e. the ..ncral intercession ha, b. n «'-Jj -f,*', S^^pi?,'; 
 JUUd up and complete, without this prayer. He a Is, ». a »«>l«»/f '^j,^ cScf Sa- 
 il .n abstract of Ibc Litany and is tlie same in substance. ?.«,^ ^^vm call«J 
 terials, though contracted into a Collect; which in ancient l.torgie* wwicall«i 
 
 %vvoL7r% KaSoA/XM or Catholic Collect." 
 
 t The order of Archbishop Grindal within the Province of York, ta co-^b** I™ 
 •ervtces does not appear, for a great length of time, to have «<^ i»« J' ^^^^^ 
 En.Uod generaUT. and the traces of Uie original practice haw remaned«om^ 
 Cafhedra^, even i!p to our own day. The deviation from that pract.ce WC^a« » 
 have gradually insinuated itself in accommodation to relaxed «ent.menls ^^^^''^ 
 upon the sui.ject of attendance upon public worship, and il is »^««^ JP''^ "'V* 
 SShnslo,., author of tb« Clergyman'. Vade Mecum quoled m a Pf^^^d . g note «hat 
 
 « inthetimcofKingCharlSaL, Dr. Hoy'in »»«"'r« V'*?'*L w^.he ot^^^^^^ 
 «« ing, on Sundays and HoliJaya, the one beginning at six «'yJ«<=V ; Jd Lfc- 
 ., y\ \ u :-...)» u« r: „ n.. u»viln1 '« hi reason of the sloth ana "«"«" 
 
m 
 
 I i 
 
 in the form of an objection to the practice, is treateJ, in dif- 
 ferent quarters, with much censure, as if tlie objectors grudged 
 their time *o G»d and were impatient to be let loose again into the 
 world. This censure,however, is not always very just. Chris- 
 tian Congregations are composed of very mixed materials — 
 they comprehend children whose attention cannot be sustained 
 upon too prolonged a stretch, — persons labouring under bodily 
 infirmity, — persons as yet backward and unformed in the habits 
 
 'MhijK- 
 
 i;iiJ.Ui.oi 
 
 Mi' 
 
 (C 
 
 n 
 (t 
 <c 
 tc 
 « 
 
 CI 
 
 *' wardir^ss of the people in coming lo the house of, God, Uiey ore in most places 
 " joined together." 
 
 Mr.Johnston,(publishing as before staled in 1723) proceeds to stale his own recol- 
 lection of early morning prayer foUotved, after an interval of some hours, by the 
 Litany^ Communion-service and Sermon in Canterbury Cathedral and oflho con- 
 tinuance of the practice, according to his belief in the Cathedral of Worcester.— r 
 He then adds the following words : '^^' 
 
 " So that it appears thai the common practice of reading all three together is (i!h' 
 *' innovation ; and if an ancient or infirm clergyman do read them at iwa or three 
 " several times, he is more strictly confo.mablc. A custom hath prevailed in Pa- 
 rish Churches (o sing a Psalm in metre between dirine service and sermon ; arid 
 in most places, between the Litany and Comtr.union-service. And this is much 
 more agreeable than to run all the offices into one. And there is an Act of Par- 
 liament to countenance this practice, I mean King Edward TI's Act of Unifor- 
 mity, by which rt is made lawful to use in Churahos any prayers or Psalms 
 taken out of the Bible, at any due time, not letting thereby or omitting the ser- 
 vice or any part thereof. However this is much better than to omit any part of 
 ** the Liturgy or to run all three offices into one^ as is noyi in many ])laces done, 
 ** without any pause or distinction." <'\viy)<n\u iHii 
 
 It is in this point of view that I have always regarded Ib^ interposition of the 
 metrical Psalm 'letween the Litany and the Communior»-office, which otherwise 
 could only be censured as irregular, instead of introducing it after the third Collect. 
 A sort of necessity has been created for thus tilling up the break between the com- 
 bined services, in order to avoid the distressingly awlc ward effect which is produced 
 if the Congregation, having concludeu the Litany-st,rvice, rise from their knees, 
 simply seat themselves, and then immediately knecV again. Thus the deviation 
 which is charged upoji those who have introduced the custom here in question, is 
 more properly chargeable upon those who, in a manner, forced it upon them by a 
 previous deviation in which the Cnurch at large has acquiesced. 
 
 Some retrenchments which have crept into general use (as in the form of notice 
 •for the Communion,) and have become very generally established, as well as some 
 x)ther deviations from rule, as the administration of the elements in the celebration 
 of the Lord's Supper, to more than one communicant at a time, are still to be 
 traced to the same accumulation in one of the different services. Examples have 
 been known of one clergyman in a Parish who has had to administer to two hun- 
 dred or more communicants at one time, and who, being without that legitimate 
 assistance for whi.h the Order of Deacons ought lo provide and having to repeat 
 the words of delivery to every individual communicant, could not get through the 
 solemnities of the morning without interfering with those of the afternoon. This 
 kind of evil has been long felt} and the remarks last quoted from the Clergyman's 
 Vade Mecum, ore there followed by these words : 
 
 " Perhaps some would rather advise to leave out the Sermon j but such men, 
 •** says 'Bishop Stillingflcet, never well considered the design of our profession, 
 ^ nor the way to support it, &c., p. 204. Eccl. Cases and Or. grit. p. 230, &c., 
 -- wJicKihc speaks admirably v«ll of the necessity uf ])reacliing>''' 
 
21 
 
 •n* 
 
 of spiritual thouglit ami devout feeling, and luimbk^,' fliith- 
 ful, devout persons who, nevertheless, are permitted to stnig^'lo 
 with distractions of mind in public worship. TheOo^ ^tho 
 knoweth whereof we are made and remmxheretU thdV we 
 are but dust^ accepts the willing spirit and corklescends to 
 the weakness of the^es^ ; and consideration should b6 shewn 
 by man, for the very objects of edification and spiritiJJil irtt*' 
 provement, to cases of the nature which I have just sp^ecifited;' 
 in framing the appointments of public worship. And emch 
 appears most plainly to have been the spirit in \vhic|i our 
 Liturgy was originally prepared. It may also be obsivrywl tfcit 
 in some parishes, and I may cite this very Parish as an '/am^li&, 
 the different labours which occupy the Sunday, so n -vvfll^,!!!,!; 
 the whole of it up, that even the difference of a quarv-iii: ^ -aUJ 
 hour, will, more or less, derange, in some point, the.|jt)^ra-,, 
 tions of the day. I shall not bo understood to .m^^'f|''|tpt;;'a> 
 clergyman has the discretion of retrenching any istahiisiiiBd' 
 portion of divine service, in order to gain time 'fi*i^i^^e»€«Slj-,^ 
 mances of a different nature „ mh jcnnii '^ 
 
 One thing, I must admit, that the loss of the aff«i^ocyii«s^: 
 furnishing the proper opportunity for making our (Iwtli'fttejy.; 
 weekly collections, is a most severe and sensible loss,? but 
 so far as the example afforded in this place is concerned,!' con- 
 fess that, not feeling warranted to use it without tbep^a^c}^,, 
 for the Church Militant, I have not yet seen any wiiy fjj^iii*. 
 introduction.* j •lup,/:. 
 
 In fact, my brethren, although willing, I ho|)e,td admit 
 improvement, and to advance, from time to time, in the work»> 
 I have been rather wary in the adoption of change. Andl' 
 think that you will do well, upon a review of all whieh;|;j 
 
 * This scruple is founded upon the principle (hat we arc hot" to b'^ guid'e^ ih. , 
 these matters by the exercise of individual discretion, but must have Ihc authorily 
 either of the literal rubric, or of custom so received, sanctioned and ^jtjarrauted 
 as I have shewn in this Charge that I conceive sufficient for ^he justificaliQn of our 
 practice. It will, indeed, be observed by all persons examining the KuQrics that 
 there are two still left standing,— the second, namely, of the' rubrics Tmrncd alely 
 following the Offertory itself, and the rubric prefixed io, Ihe Co^/cd? Ip be said 
 after the Offertory,— vihxch prescribe or imply that the Qflfertory j? ^o be used , 
 without the prayer for the Church Militant, except when therein »> Gonwiiwiion,. 
 although a rubric which is of later date, being the fijst of ^ those >y.lnch follQW 
 these same Collects, directs that the prayer for the Church Mjhlao^ „8hA)il be read 
 even when there is no Communion. u « 1 1 
 
 The retention of the tivo Rubrics first mentioned, when the plhpr had been 
 agreed upon, appears to have been an oversight and cannot be pleaded a^ authorily, 
 because it was the design of authority to repeal Ihem. J « 
 
 jSYe iVhcatley in loc. {quoted also by Hi). Mint un the Common Prayer.) 
 
m 
 
 liave liere bi^oiiglitf before you,, to wei^h your authority and to 
 be sure of your grouiitf, ds well as t take incidental conse- 
 qucnco&i into your cbbsiddration, before you make any marked 
 orswoepiiig alteratioi)» in your mode of discharging the round 
 of your official dutiesi^ or establish a principle which seeks to 
 array thb cbnscience of the individual against the force of long 
 prevailing- usage and at least the tacit sanction of the Governors 
 of the Church. It is very easy to talk of being bound, no mat- 
 ter who does or who permits other things, to follow in all 
 points, whatever, when it is not impossible, life rules atid 
 rubrics of the Church. But I think 1 have suCkhntly shewn 
 you, in the slight and imperfect sketch which I have taken 
 to-day,' that a Vield here opens itself, full, in many places, of 
 intricacy and doubt, in which, therefore, a man, determined 
 to abide ^y the principle in question, will either become dis- 
 tressingty bewildered, or else will pick out opinions, or adopt 
 at seconti-hand dogmatical but possibly unsound and hasty 
 decisicm^^ and, proceetling rather according to the work of a 
 l»wyei' than in the spirit of a clergyman, will challenge this 
 direction of the immediate authority set over him, decry that 
 custom of his otvn Diocese, or insist peremptorily upon such 
 or such alterations of the more commonly adopted practice 
 of the' Ghurcby--itill, perhaps all unconscious of what he is 
 doing, he helps to engender a spirit of cavil and repugnancy to 
 authority^ under the very name of orderly reverence and the 
 semblance of dutiful submission to the Ghurcfo. It cannot, I ap- 
 prehi^j' be justly regarded as a prober coratruction of the obli- 
 gations scohtradted in the solemnities of Ordination, or upon nd- 
 mtes»6ti to'ia Cure in the Church, respecting our conformity to 
 the Liturgy, that we are to seek out all these new interpreta- 
 tions and sit in judgment upon all recognised usages. " AsUiis 
 Church and realm hath received the same," is a form of ex- 
 pression whicli may be extended in 'its application to all the 
 formal duties of the Clergy ; and in pledging themselves to the 
 observance bf such a rule, they must be understootl, according 
 to all reasoiiabl^ and natural acceptation of the words, to ex- 
 press their acquiescence in the combined sanctions of public 
 authority, ecclesiastical and civil, in their collective and gradu- 
 ally accumulated result, — not caccluding'lhe correction of mani- 
 fest neglects and improprieties — but imiluding some necessary 
 instances of variation and adaptation in the execution of forms, 
 
 T^YiixvIij lO a niut^ss giuaiVK UAiciit mail ua;:i iluluauj uux^u Jiuvi IH 
 
 4 
 
23 
 
 >.4 
 
 i 
 
 the history of tlie English liturgy, raiist be looked for, in thiy 
 changeful world, in every authorized system of direction, ex- 
 cept the Word itselt'of the Living God. There is nothing else 
 which is not liable in part to become obsolete, i believe I am 
 correct in saying that an Act of Parliament though unrepealed 
 may sink into this character and lose its force. And though 
 simple custom cannot, of itself, be a warrant for departing from 
 rule, yet such a departure, being the dictate of a new opder of 
 things, and having grown into settled custom and, finally, 
 being countenanced and allowed by those who have the proper 
 control of such matters, may carry authority and command 
 our acquiescence. Upon this point I cannot forbear from recom- 
 mending to your most particular attention some observations 
 nnder the signature of Archidiaconus, which have appeared 
 in an ably conducted paper at least partially known to the 
 Clergy of this Diocese, the Irish Ecclesiastical J yal, 
 Notlfingelse which has appeared upon the subject,, 'Was 
 my judgment is concerned and as the range of ray inf. .^lation 
 has reached; can be considered equally satisfactory ^nd . cosh 
 elusive.* •,, :,,>ii-M-': 
 
 And now, my brethren, having done my best,, i not m the 
 way of injunction imposed, but simply, of assistance offered^ 
 to clear away certain embaj-rasstnents which might possibly, in 
 some instances, be found to perplex you in practice, and in 
 others to create difficulties 6i a conscientious kind^ and having 
 attempted to set in their^jurtt light, some questions uf principle 
 which greatly agitate the Church,^! shall proceed briefly to 
 notice some points connected with our liturgical performances, 
 in which a closer adherence to rule appears both feasible and 
 
 ,1 
 
 • The Article is found in VoJ. 8, No. 66. (the No. for Feb. 1845.) The writer 
 there proposes to resume the subject, hut had not yet done so in July. He quotes 
 brgely and pointedly to the purpose from Bishop Jer.^ Taylor. A condensation ol 
 the whole argument is found in the following passage, as applied in the writer a 
 remarts which immediately follow it, to EcclesiatHcal lawa and rules: 
 
 •* The true rule of conscience, in respect to civil laws, is the will of the aupreme 
 " power, howcTor expressed. The manner of its expression may make a difie- 
 '* rence ns to our certainty of the fact, but none as to our obligation, supposing the 
 «« fact to be known. Thin principle done can reconcile two maxims certainly true— 
 « that the conacienee is not bound by every law not actually repealed— and that 
 « the breach of a law, however universal, cannot be its own justification. Thi» 
 '« principle is a natural necessity of Government, for no human legislaUon can 
 " wholly dispense with it; and it ia a natural right of the governed, for no man a 
 " conscience could be clear under any human gcvernment without it" 
 
 The Extract here given, however, will by no means dispense willj a careful peru- 
 sal of the whole ariicle, in any itizianees where the Clergy carihavs access ,o if. 
 
21 
 
 iKii':iMi 
 
 f n 
 
 iJesirHblc, oil in whith I ml improved attention is to be recom- 
 mended to exlcrior eolemnily of effect. 
 
 U|wn the whole, I believe, that a much nearer approach 
 has been made in this Parish than in any other within the 
 Diocese, (although' we are biit very weak-handed for the per- 
 formance of all our public duties and are without any one of the 
 materials of a Uathedral-establishment,) to the full obser- 
 vances of the Church in the matter of public worship.* 
 But we do not in all points afford an example: to be cited as » 
 model. I am much disposed, from reasons which cannot require 
 any other statement than that which is prefixed in the prayer- 
 book to the, office of baptism itself, — to r«commend the adminisr 
 tration of this sncrament, after the second lesson, choosing the 
 evening service for the purpose whenever the clergyman servea 
 the same Congregation twice in the same day. But although 
 there are Chapels in this Parish — one of them is left to us— 
 in which this practice has been established, it has not yet 
 been introduced in the Mother-Church itself— chiefly because 
 the existing arrangements which you observe for placing th» 
 font, and which it is not quite ea • to alter in a satisfactory 
 ntianner, would exclude a very large portion of the Congrega- 
 tion from the benefit of witnessing the rite.f 
 r 'J'he baptism of children in health, except in places remote 
 
 -■■ H I ■■■ ■> 
 
 • The Cathedral is used, without any distinct services, as the Parish Church. 
 The services performed, (besides those of the Sundays and of Christmas day and 
 Good Friday, on which there are always two services with sermons,) for the Con- 
 gregation attending it, are as fbllows :— Early morning prayer (at ^ past 7, A. M.) 
 on every Wediiesday and Friday tlirougliout the vear—Morning service and & Lec- 
 ture upon every day for which a Collect, Epistle and Gospel is provided After- 
 noon service and a Lecture or Catechetical Exposition on every Wednesday and 
 Friday in Lent. There is also a monthly afternoon service with a Lecture, on 
 each Friday before the Communion. Of these week-day celebrations, liie Passion- 
 week and other Lent services, as well as those on Easier Monday and Tuesday, arc 
 performed in the Cathedral : the rest in All Saints' Chapel, wilbin the Cathedral- 
 yard. 
 
 To some persons living at a distance from Canada, this might not appear much 
 and additions jo it may in the course of time be made- But, besides other conside- 
 raUons which might be stated, the nature of the climate presents some obstacles 
 to a daily service, unleas there were some endowment out of which to provide for 
 all the extra expenses to be incurred in warming the Church, keepinff open the 
 approaches to it, &c. &c. » o i 
 
 The practice which prevails, or did till lately prcvai|,in some Cathedrals at home, 
 of reading the early prayers in one of the side Cljapels of the building, maybe 
 applied as a good precedent for the use of .\JI1 Saints' ,ChaRC;l for «ome of (he minor 
 public services. ",•,,...?,.• '.'i 
 
 t Some arrangements, however, are nowtii Miywfli'''(^tt«t 1845) for a more 
 correct observance of rule in (his behalf. 
 
25 
 
 from any Cl.iin h, slioultl never be adniinisteretl in any other 
 building: an.l the same rule will apply (o the solemnization of 
 
 With reference to the other Sacrament; I^m of otlnittn that 
 
 the practice of monthly Communion might be established with 
 
 advantage in every Parish and Mission in the Diocese, except 
 
 Where things are so new that the religious habits of the people 
 
 remain to be formed; and in these, the establishment of the 
 
 rule might be prospectively entertained. More than this it 
 
 Hoes not appear to me that you could wisely attempt : less, I 
 
 regard as constituting a deprivation to which a company of 
 
 believers ought not to be subjected, presumed to hold that 
 
 high and scriptural view of this Sacrament which is main- 
 
 tamed in the Articles, Homilies, Liturgy anU Catechism of 
 
 the Church.* Weekly communion I do not think that we 
 
 could attempt with success,— nor do I well see how the form 
 
 o»notice would be mall respects appropriate to an occasion 
 
 ■ iiM.!.- 
 
 mMnI'?^^^Tu °/..^"g'""d speaks constanlly of the Lord's Supper as befnz a 
 dnThZ,:, !!]. ^"^ '^ '^'^ prominently has this character is obvious from the word* 
 
 Indnoihl^ u "^"""'"^f '? ^"'^'y '°^^ "^d inadequate view of the ordinance, 
 Eng"and! """"^ g'^"ngly repugnant to tlie view taken bj the Church of 
 
 Rnl"pff^f^^i*' -^'^'"r 'J?° ^'^o Saoramentj are declared to be certain sure witnesses 
 
 I ord's sinlir" mSw ' ? f"'\^* "^^''2/, y>orlhily, and with faith receive the 
 
 ^ lileJseZ^K:JnfZ^^^ "" '"■*?^ " " P«''«^'»ff «/ ^Ae body of Christ and 
 
 itiemse the Cup of blessing ts a partaking of the blood of Christ. ^ 
 
 theVn.JZJl'ffl^i^}^''"'^.?'^*^^ """""^y r«cczmn^ and reverend esteeming of 
 
 « Th^r . K-' *' *°'^''. "'"^^^oo'i of Chnst, the follomng, passage occurs:^ 
 
 vain JrlZ^JA "*"' • ^^ ""''^ '° ^°'*'' "^"^ •» ""= Supper of the LoFd there i. no 
 
 «a th ?h«^«hu ^?,K 7 " W r"""^ ^K"""^ «f ^ t^''"? absent, but, as the Scripture 
 
 the a'nntl?! in h- ^°'" V^' *""?'' ""'^ «="? «<" ^''^ ^ord, the memory of Christ. 
 me annunciation of his dea h. v<>» itu> «»»,»....,: r.u« u_j j i.. ■'j ./..,. _ ! 
 
 the fnithZt ZCT '"'"^HRisT,) 18, through faith, wrought tH /Ae souZs o/ 
 to ,£ ^^k'- t''^''''' ""^ ""''' '^^" """'^ ''»« "> eternal life, but they surely trust 
 to win to their bodies a resurrection to immortality." 
 
 ratL vLm.T""J°"'''S"' i"""'^ "'''° '^'■"'^ '° P"'ake are rrpresenled as sepa- 
 aSi J Sr' '^''"" .*''""' ^^V^-"*" ''l'" """"e to/-«d on M6 banquet of that most 
 v<^lnil{Zrrj'r " T.l" **'5^ ''^°'* ^''^ "'^^'^^ ^he bread and wine may be 
 God1Zh^L?l^ c^^^^^ ^'^y''^ ^^°'^' and thanks are offered that 
 
 s^HluJ)ZdV:?!^ ^T ''^? have duly received these holy mysteries uith the 
 cSst! most precious body and fcfood of his Son our Saviour Jesus 
 
 takin^ndr^^^tlTK^^i^- ?/,*^'""^ "f ^Amf are said to be venly and indeed 
 taleen andreeeived by the faithful, in the Lord's Supper. 
 
 theixMhS^'UrT'^ the views of the Church are very familiarly accessible, but 
 
 vi'h wit n./v r/?''"''T''y '.» "'"'""'' ""^' '^'^«" g"»'«^'"» ''/the explanations 
 with which they stand in conjunction, constitutes all Uial Chu/cliraen can want, 
 
 D 
 
the Sunday : 
 Communion 
 
 2G 
 \^tim^(Kid f6 mar''4hh:*i!l^fery celebration of 
 
 Tfi^Ti'^'^f^''^'''^ in public ^VbMii,; '^^d with regard 
 torn hotVon j)F mo(7drD times, that" the' ^'olemnity of the ordi- 
 hjttide iyi)0tt6f pi-^drv^ed by making it' of fare occurrence it 
 ii-iMR''ii^4b(^Wt1g th^^^ great authoi- y in the 
 
 T'*lr?^^l^#^'^^'^ this'ver^ '^m respe^ingJhe 
 gftcratn^ht, ft-dft^s^s hittiself at a loss to know who ostensibly 
 i!^wf'i?^ the, pfhctice of infrequent Communion, but has no 
 diffidtihy in fixing upon Satan as its author. 
 
 ♦ii'f !? ?!Jf i''*? in mariy places of the practice of catechizing 
 
 Z^l^^l!^^ esiablfshing it, arc among the prevalent 
 
 ii l.?S ^^^'^^^ *'^^'- ^ g»'«^t deal is done by ither and 
 
 '^^itTj^f^'^^^^ °^ religious instruction for the young, and 
 
 Si^tSlKii ^*:?^^^ '^°P'^' '^ ^^^"^'^ efrected,as much piety, no 
 
 TfS ;S ii J^'^ ingredients, nor is there any other method 
 tJS&i J^f^'^Tl '' ^^« Apostle speaks, and communi- 
 f IJ?.4%***f t^'* ^-^''^^ ^^^^^^'''^ ^f (Christ to persons of yet 
 ert*^,^^y^ai^vai& 1 comparable to that of the direct oral instruc 
 tibn of4he lawful pastor set over them, (heir relation to whom 
 should mix Itself with all their religious associations and mould 
 theif ^eligiojif habits for life. It is thte that the bonds of 
 LhuP6hmanshipal^forme(| in their stability and strength, and 
 tv L^'^^^^^i^t"'^^^^''^'"^' ^^^''^ ati4 cdhsiitency is |iven fo 
 
 motdre^fe e wUktexcitemeJntdiid ^khiWfiohy dah rarely bestow 
 
 is fc5h-''"fTT''';''''^^ '"'■'''" Ihe Catechism, the maintenS "f 
 frJi .K '^P, l*""""" \'^}^^ '^°'=""'"° ofTransubstantiaiion.is apparent not onfv 
 from Ibe^s.rohg explicit, and reiterated statement, of an oppjiite k nd Xh 
 are foand p alltlw^olher formularies to which reference i, h^^de. but n.o«t 
 plamly, from the Catechism itself, and from the verv narl of h i,. »hinK ?k 
 expre.rfbHl«:fo6nd. Irt the question and ansVr J.Kia° i; ,'ec3in. he 
 bodvitn4:,bl^ioA.atutare stated to bell^ inmrd part or t iin« sfoNi! 
 Z°^f1<:^^'"*^*^'*.'*'' ""J? o^'i^'^rd part or visible lign. And the Sa- 
 IrMnnf 11.'°""?'""'°," ""^ '^^ ^^^3 and blood to the faithful, LSiW 
 ac?^ tuK*" ""' "^^ "^'"o^.^ '" "^*' ^'«'»«"t'- This also cOrrespondrmo Se?- 
 !, '!/^l^.. ^Pi «_:«"«gf. ''L?S»^ Article. There i. „o miatake to bTmaSe 
 
 about t^esenUoienls of the Ch^rchof England on the subiecroTlhe sacrkmp'nir 
 except ivhcre riaet, are desirous of making it. Any thing nhich differs fJ^mih^ 
 &\1trtr;? a'^i't'/h"' ^.'' "'^•^^-'•---'is he"l ma5e,'ifno "e" ! 
 nf?!mf fe' x'-^' '^"^ '^^^t'^ " * '^«'"'"K difference in the occasional lanauaec 
 
 way, ,t may be found, upon closer and more careful examination, to disappear 
 
 a r- 
 
^7 
 
 It is (o tljc resloraliuij of tlie oHice ol' Deacons in Jf« n.;, • r 
 separate efficiency, tlu.t wemust look 1 u^rixll tc^^^^^^^^^^ 
 , .slu.ent of this aud inany otI,er rnvr^v^Jt^'tS^ 
 l^ut he unauled pastor, in the raean time,--una ded I moan* 
 by las apostohc proyision,-shouia do wl^at h7 onn Si 
 
 Jiousc. Tlie plain Catechism of the Church, althoup-h 1 1 n^ 
 
 neophyte, into four grand heads-the points o? Sf-lthe 
 po nts of pract.ce-the necessity, nature, ind efficacy of prayer 
 and specially of prayer for divine grace-and the doS of 
 the sacraments. And 1 have known excellent and iZhevJ 
 abiding effects produced by constantly calling back the ^^^1 
 imndto that with which the CatecUsm seVouf, fe 
 solemn admission in infancy to the privileiresof ho rifrt • 
 -enant and the duties spdU fvim tJ^^^lJ^^;^- 
 
 tionately exaltirig and irreverently depreciatin/tL saS.^^^^ 
 and outward ordinances, of our lioly Religion, tLn to nn^^^^^^ 
 
 ^er.cessityoryourdiUg^tlyg^r^in^::^ista^^ 
 
 either. In most parts of this Diocese, ihl latter en^r 12 
 
 prehend, ,s that with which you will 'have to contend ' rathe^ 
 
 with f r'' ' r^ '^'? '' "^^^» "^"^h difficulty "ndiL: 
 
 with it-because the mind which conceives it, is apt t"be nnff 
 cd up With a delusive notion that it is an evidence of Liritua^^ 
 |ty to make light of ritual observances, and i. thence renderpd 
 inaccessible to any proper recommendation of them Ts proceed 
 ing n-om a party pre-Judged, from the very fact of o^Hng s^^^^^^^ 
 a recommendation, to be imperfectly enlightened. To^dmi 
 nister the corr^-ctive of such mental distempers, reaui.4 much 
 of what, inthe phraseology of the world is calirLT W 
 demands the full exercise of that wisdom of the sTdI tivVv 
 
 unelhing 1 believe, is certain, lliat wo can nevec main 
 head again., ,1ns dcaTij„i„„ „f cr^o,; hy comprlSr^Lw 
 
t- 
 
 hi 
 
 28 
 
 ''®^'*^^ji^. ^^'^'^V""^ '^'^^-^^ *'"« language of the Church in 
 
 practices, 1,8 fni"h« H^^e c»ii rent ore to strain tl«i«, to their dg 
 poBsesslbns. Whoever kno^rs any thimr ab™t he ChurTnf 
 fengtalnktibws thjit she is a ChuU dlilnctlr and i^v olabl v 
 majht^mhig for herself, within her own pale, with ^ha tevej 
 
 ^nl^^et'"""^ ''^J^ '^' ^'^•"'«^*^^'^^ of other parties, iho pr „ 
 Z! 1 1 T'""^^ succession, and repudiafing al minis a- 
 t^onj^vrhich do not carry this stamp ;^a Church not madelt 
 the Itefortnatlon, but simply purified, in that struRjrle from her 
 
 ZltCl'^^'V''' "'^ ^»^"''^^ which existe^n^tBH- 
 hTlJfhl !^^*^'''u r''"P^'*^"'' ^^g«^; aGhurch han^iiL 
 
 h^rt)eoplethe same blessed lighMn their dwellings,lbut a" 
 the sarftetime a Church with a hierarchy, with a^ venerable 
 il'Ltr'/"'"'' '"^"^"Ses retained fSm early dlyT wS 
 asysterriof doctrme and of worship in which the dicnitv thp 
 
 riL^'i^f ' !^1,•*^^^?^«^^ ^^*h' «acrnmenrappTinM.t 
 €^im^ are .^ud.ously kept in view. These features erf the 
 Church'^^may fancy that it is our policy to disguise^biu how 
 can we do it, if we would >~-there they am - thev bellt m 
 her. ,hey st^nd out among her salient cLraTt^r stye's a^d I d 
 their place ^among her inalienable distinctions : and far fr^m 
 
 T.^7Zt7rtT '"^^^,f f ^' ^« ^^ouU make fun advan 
 age of them for the cause of holy truth committed to our hands 
 
 I 2 .T'r ^''"it" '^^^^^* ^ perpetually harping upon them 
 or obtTUsivtily«nd boastfully proclaiming Lm- cfnce riS 
 
 ner a? ifnc^^i" People, the^tght to- bl regarded" in atai"^ 
 ner,as thmgs of coursers common established and recognize^! 
 vehicles and aids not needing to be loudly insisted upon for 
 cornmunicatin. and conveying to men ^he Grace rbod 
 which bringetTi salvation ; but in order to their duly work- 
 ing this subsidiary part, we must present them in thei^ 
 
 ITITtu TL'"?!*^^^ ^'^^ «» their legLfe loZ 
 and effect. The Church has most carefully etamp^ upon then^ 
 a rachafficfer of external reverence and order, aKen t W 
 at he^mfetFttfe, a meaning and a spirit by the parf Xh she 
 .nstruets' l^'l^^opk to take in them j^tbJy, o/?hei7side in 
 00 «;any instances do what they can to obL^atfa IHhis'i! 
 the beaiitifjl «,gnificaney, the decorous solemnity, he con - 
 sen^^sferg^^ of h^ worship Is lost in theSmeTo?! 
 performance 4,^a,.m««^ ^^rc^k.ihey r^tsLS^J^^ (hok own 
 
 'a* 
 
 
 ) 
 
^liurch in 
 lilting hor 
 their pre- 
 Ehurch of 
 nviolably 
 whatever 
 tho prin- 
 ministra- 
 made at 
 from her 
 the Bri- 
 hanging 
 giving to 
 -but at 
 Bnerable 
 ^'8, with 
 ity, the 
 nted hy 
 1 of the 
 but how 
 3long to 
 id hold 
 ir from 
 advan- 
 hands. 
 •n them 
 rightly 
 a man- 
 gnized 
 on, for 
 f God 
 work- 
 
 their 
 ! force 
 
 them 
 them, 
 ihshe 
 le, in 
 is: — 
 
 con- 
 of its 
 
 own 
 
 >»( 
 
 ^9 
 
 voice* be heard at all m the Pespork*ivQ,a«WMt«. x^i dQVuUon ; 
 
 before their God, and in all the lorms ami observMncet. of. tin) 
 Church there IS a desire evinced to escape from tlw open 
 ncknowledgment of religious faith and feeling whi«h iWy im- 
 port, and to discharge them in a mann&r more Hccomnwdat«d 
 either to the prejudices of a party or to the ways of the, world. 
 In some places, a total disregard may be observed of the reve- 
 rential care which should be shewn for the house of God and its 
 several appurteuances ; it is found perhaps encumbered with 
 unsightly objects or disfigured by shabby and decayed articles of 
 Church furniture, or meanly provided with the coarsest and 
 most common vessels for the administration of ih^ sacraments 
 >»-jt8 appendages altogether being in a stile wb='jh any resped 
 thble householder in the same commu-'*y v.^uld blush to exhi. 
 Bit in his own dwelling. , . /. 
 
 ^•1 All such tendencies as these, it is our duty,f with .every 
 manifestation ofgentleness and prudence, but yet witii.earnest- 
 ness and zeal, to counteract. And in the cultirationj! jn par ticu- 
 tar, of a combined devotional feeling in our Congregatipfisu and 
 the use of those helps which are calculated to promqte it, one 
 thmg to be especially recommended is the improvement of 
 Fsalmody. The day I hope is coming on when in all the epis- 
 copal Churches, whether British or foreign, the sound of the 
 solemn Chant will be constantly heard in the praises of God • 
 and wherever the moans of introducing this practice are at 
 command, or can by fair exertion be procured, l^t us en^ayour 
 not to be behind-hand in this Diocese.. i.,oeq -^rJ vd hoM.-r^h,. 
 It there are prejudices to contend with uj^jn any of these 
 points, we must seek by judicious means to remove them. I 
 am sorry, indeed, to be obliged to confess that there have been 
 some instances in the Church at home, of a zeal in such mat- 
 ters unobservant of prudential restraints, and that there have 
 even been manifestations of a love for practices savouring of 
 error and superstition which may not unreasonably, account for 
 
 the existence of suspicion and alarm in other quarters^; And 
 
 it is with much regret tliat 1 have seen one passage in j^ pamph- 
 let sent roundf (I know not by whom, nor do I.^uestion their 
 
 ^ Iri" H?- T^^ '.'?"*"^ understood ihat- U refttetUott in l«tBiid(i*>im9n moihtr 
 pamphlet whieh, wit^ouUhe privily of iu authpr, accompanied t^e publication' 
 thus sent round, and had for lU object the correction of some very loose and crude 
 ideas unon the subiprtnf »*«.* lihMKnK «r <^u-!.. .„j i— ^-j: :' av »iiu nunc 
 
 J 
 
p'i 
 
 bo«.forima^ r») ,T,|,e,i '" P[''J''«"™ "f Queen Eliza. 
 
 weigh,, cousi.le)-«,i<,„," " ^^,CT .■"";'••»' ,7' from o,he,- 
 to v,9«r, He subject in ll.e ml f„„!J , "t"^"^ "^^ '^™"8'" 
 went iuto tlie cxtremo f oKl^'* ' ''^'" •-'" f""' ^'le 
 
 mest i» quesdon co.ivov, m n ^.r ^', 'f"''"'''' ""= »'«'<=- 
 l-ut, *^,rtl,o,„ .l,is SdeS u r, 'f' ""■" ""' '^"'^-^ ■' 
 winch: I ho.e allude, «rDcc il!, ,*",?" 1™"''' "^ '''''™ <»■ 
 very ohjqct which (hoy arodSZ^.n "'""•''' '" "l"*'"'^' "-«• 
 
 .li*l m,i„te«noo „t ChS Pi„o''il'™; II "'T "" "''""^■ 
 k«,m«ai-gpce.„Otl^«oe(uarv will, .L •*"" /""Mi-n for, 
 
 atlv^fWry* of which if i« «i.mo: .i "^'^^' ^ "andle to the 
 
 ^Xi|,l .bem^M:. "jSt^,^ "^^ » '" .^Y'"'» 'Im. full advan.ag: 
 
 for.tbe beauty and iM^jeBVof th "h" u^ Tr 1 ^ '°'''=''""" 
 solemnity of effect in frnm:„L ,i?* "''™''> or to stiidv 
 
 bojiey^iat tho"^'!yLotrrvetnT;rir''n''*°^*'P- ' 
 »«,mwnma„, willfiod tha Z'^Proti^Cb'r'"'^ "^''='' 
 aeepanf).ii,95l extensive prciudiiM frZ T "'""''»» received 
 Protestant places of worshio la^i- " * ™Wnness of many 
 and arrangement, lhe"r rvTm^oa ^f f .T"''"*^ «f architecture 
 sanctuaryf the »lovenSTnrl^. !"« ^T"^ 7'"' "'« 
 servicein, the house of the LorJ »n^ t '^ "" ''"* "fW 
 raent and gestures of ho o who ™?f.' ' ™<l|«!'Plined deport.," 
 believe tlmtthese eauseshave lamllvVf^'".'",'"'^ «•"=»• '" 
 
 »''h"»'?» of Romanists to ?irr;wfstZt''d"t'' 'r 
 
 ■nany perwns, ; not (jonfined to llm iJf i™ V^^ ""* ''ef'ction of>, 
 
 community,, from ..^"Tk, If ,,' Itrp ?*''"'''' »'' ">« ' 
 :;i^e.f.,,,nd,,in.,epende„tir4'ta^^^^ 
 
31 
 
 
 uffccts, what IS ihecorroct view ofil,h'<flibim ?-^Wl/!< (*i<ilk«|. 
 ing of OavKl, who lonoed (o build asiiUahie temt»!e \^' rr>6"L6itl 
 and grieved that the nrk of God Was uiulcr cUdi^lriii NVhllbhe 
 was himself in occn[)Htiori of a paJace, a fooling to bfe discrirlled 
 in the higher school of the Gospel P-WouKJ it bo otherwise 
 than a Christian and acceptable work, if any pbWerfi^lmontii'ch 
 with n princely miY)(l fin- other great undertakih^*; wefo'in' 
 humble devotion, and in visible testimony befor*e thfe world of 
 the value of the FHilh in his eyes, to imitate the example of 
 Solomon and to expend freely of his treasures for the e^ctiort 
 of some vast and magnificent Cathedral ?— Tiio yoke or,j6itish 
 ordinances is broken and the larire and unfettered liberty 'of the 
 Christian Church in framing the^exterior appointmcfits of divine 
 worship reaves Uieriv susceptible of ndaptatiuns 'accordin*^ to the 
 ianguage of ob 34th Article, to " the diversities of doShlrieS 
 titnes, and men's martners''— but witii reference to \he general 
 principles by which we are to be guided in matters^'lif this 
 nature, in what part, I beseech you, of tlie New Tcytfiment 
 are we taught to dismiss 6ur cbhcern for th{*see:tiline$Satid 
 dignity of the house 6fi6ur God, oj^ to hi)ld cheap ^he 'djiferKi^ 
 demonstrations whkh' naturally serte to represent, ftrtdhg sucK' 
 creatures as m6«,ithe inivofd feoliigs of awe arid i-ct'ebehtlal 
 love ?— The holy fndvement of wrath which was stirred in the 
 bosom of the Saviour by tim dishonor done 6f old to his father's 
 house : the approbatlott' with Which he received the manifesta- 
 tions of popular fefelin^' whth' thd crowd spread their garttient!!' 
 m his road, and,' iri iU traiti whicltthev ibrme<l to attend him 
 earned branches of i^lmittitlifeJr hands': the rebuke which he 
 gave to those who- cheeked' the disposition of the woman to 
 honor him by the costly offering of ointment of spikenani, (an 
 in'iident which is admirably applied to our present purpose in 
 aV-issage cited, in the strongest terms of commendation, from 
 i.<ip Edwin Saindys^ by the great Protestant champion Chilling- 
 Worth, but too loTvg to be here introduced*);' thd Apostolic 
 direction that all things in religious assemblies should be done 
 decmthj and in order, applied in times when the Church is at 
 pgace, and Christianity is professed by ^erit arid powerful 
 
 • See the Extract at the end of this Charge. A similar *rg^mcat might be 
 drawn from the manner in which Joseph of Arimathoeti and Ni?odemus testified 
 their feelings towards Christ after his death :-*« They come" says Dr. Doddridge 
 ^J!l all holy reverence and affection, to take down those sacred remains ; nor 
 didthey think the finest hnm„or the choicest spim, too valuable f&r such anocca- 
 
I 
 
 m 
 
 m 
 
 1 I' 
 
 ■; I' 
 
 'ft; 
 
 SI ' 
 
 'kinploms nml by commi.nitios in whirl, Wu^nts l.ave rearlm.! 
 U.e,r Inchest a.lyHncf,nent, n.ul whon all which meJJlJ^Tyliu 
 
 hlle I wilha^:.';"""' '''^'''"^'^ "" ^'"^"-^•^ iinish anc r'4 
 i"ie<l with « fiislididciscxacdiess :— airaiii (|,„ nii<.«ti.m.^:..Vi • 
 
 m.«, natural acceptation,) „f „,<, ^raTAptt^r^Xa " W 
 
 tT .7 • , ;—"'<«"' »"«ly are testimonies not cal.^lat,.,! 
 .ofevorll.e „ea thai it is « censurable superstition to imZ 
 
 I trust, therefore, that wo shall nut ho met by any such ohirr 
 establish a correct architertural taMe and to study al onJnl? 
 
 r .n ( ll n"^^^^^^ '''' ^ ^^^^^^^^^^ of ultimately eradi^atin^g 
 an nhho^Lh *. ? '''''■ P^^^^"* 7«tem of enclosed pewsl 
 
 amt although they must contmue, perhaps for a long '^. e in 
 
 ^d to read the prayers, and, yet more, thicon^erielTdesks' 
 one of your own body has, in con^;rsation, mos happily ^x 
 ?h!nW i*' :^\!t- ^'"^^^ "P *h« Perspectiv; of man^v^ a^isles" 
 
 own children confirrned.-will soon every where gi^e place 
 
 mor, .If'"™"'''"'"'' """■' "^'"^y- """ll >»»y3y'add 
 "o Lt'I^K ® arrangement. Men whose na^es 2l me! 
 moneswe honor :-raen, in comparison of whom, 1 for one 
 
 secondary place, have sanctioned and allowed some of .1,! 
 arrangements in Churches, which now we venTurt to condemn 
 bat It was simply because they fell in with praaiccTS,' 
 .".ough exceedingly modern f„ ,|,e history c"^ 'he ChTist'^n 
 
 i 
 
Cl.urdi, lm.1 before tlieir ilay,ol)laiiic.l tl.o Qscoiuluncy. and weio 
 .Muul Konorally prevalent in the temples of the national estab- 
 
 ■ ■*>lllllv> III* 
 
 VViih respect to the frequency of public worship, it is sufli- 
 c,e lly ovulent that from the nature of the climatJ, from the 
 «catere( stale of our country Congregations, from the number 
 of iletachcd stations at which the same minister is often obliged 
 to ofTicmto, from the scanty provisions at command for the main- 
 
 ..r'n •''''^"'? "I"/ 'i"'" "^''^'•'"^"l peculiaritiee. it is very 
 generally impracticable for the Clergyman to introduce in any 
 one of his Congregations many additional observances of this 
 
 w iT'n r '^ '^'"'r'P«> ""^"r^ now in the Diocese in 
 vv li, h Chris masHlny, Ash- Wednesday, and Good-Friday aro 
 not Iv-ept I ho Commination-service should be always used 
 upon Ash-Wednesday, and the intentions of the Church in 
 framing that service and appointing the season of humiliation 
 which It serves to open, sliould be explain, d to the people. To 
 the observance of tJiese days, I think that t.at of the Festivals 
 ol^ he Ascension and of All-Saints day might everywhere be 
 ndded,— the/omer because it may be improved to very edify- 
 ing purposes as the real anniversary of a signal and glorious 
 event m the history of our Redeemer and a marked point in the 
 series of commemorative observances which relate to that his- 
 tory-the ZaY/er (All-Saints' day) because it furnishes the 
 oiM.ortun.ty of cxljib.tmg collectively before our people the 
 general object of all the ditlerent Saints' days, which, for the 
 reasons just stated may, in some places, be found too numerous 
 to be observed. In cures which are more advantageously situ- 
 ated, more may, of course, in proportion, be done. 
 I am well aware that among my brethren now before me,therc 
 are some who -^t present, are little concerned in several of the 
 points upon which I have touched :— men who-toiling throuirh 
 miry ways in the forest,or travelling, at another season, through 
 snow-stornris, iht waste howling wilderness, seek out the 
 scattered sheep of Christ and meet them, a few here and a few 
 there, for divine vvorship, in the log-built school-house, or the 
 unpamted and unfinished wooden Church, with its rough and 
 temporary fittings,-cannot afford to be distressed about all the 
 niceties of order or the materials of solemn and dijrnjfied effect. 
 Vet even in situations like these, the grave <' cencies of the 
 Lngish ritual and the simple distinctive . pendages of the 
 J.nglish Clergy, bespeak a reverence not wisely disrco-ardod 
 
 E 
 
34 
 
 and wake up a trail, of beneficial associations. And (f.c l,a 
 bits of the Church ought to be given • ihe svsfpm nf t 1 r . i 
 established in its regularity, ^'n the" Vntf^ oT se^ 1^^^^^^^^^^ 
 as to grow up with its advance. 6ut however humhip L! 
 ever rude, may be the scene of your laLTrsryou ht 'e h^^^^^^^^^ 
 things in your hands as ministers of God than anv tlil 
 
 tie poster ,v ZiTJ n.^f"'" "'?' •''' '=°'""'™<' ""»» "«'» 
 would be a ycry tedious piece of work, and scmceX „„ p2 
 
 ^.of authority superior to that o^te^rd, 'ir^elrdS 
 
 My brethren, I am devotedly attached to the Church nf 
 our fathers, and I have, in the exercise of the best judTment 
 St thr^eS^'nl':™ "'T ''""l^'' >"«. -haterSS "m 
 
 Church principles by 'identifWnTmvself'wi?^ ."TP™""'^'- "^ 
 of the great pjpular^and m&AS7o„s o the^ daT^'Z 
 supporters of which will I bono .. iL . V 1 "ayj— 'ne 
 
 citco-aiesce.wir;;;ei .tt:k':; i^olp^^^^^^^^ 
 
 which recognizing and countenancing all seoaratinn« S' 
 
 aTLt-t&T:p^^f^S^^ 
 
 adverse to our holding ourselves an«H in ^' .^/^Jl^'^"? be 
 and™ai„tai.in,i„tactVur^t^^^^^^^^^ 
 
 though m no fbeling of harshness, in no hauc;hty arrosltion of 
 ejcclusive privilege, in no contemptuous severityV]u|mrt,I 
 * Socrates Scholaslicus, H-anmcr'a twnalation. 
 
35 
 
 (C 
 
 here I stand entronched : hie murus ahcneus esto : but lei 
 my tongue be palsied, let my right hand be withered, if ever I 
 speak or write on behalf of the Church, her ministry, her cere- 
 monies, her very sacraments, in a manner calculated to dis- 
 place or disparage the direct, broad, earnest, unshrinking pro- 
 clamation of Salvation by the blood of my Saviour and by that 
 alone, or the constant and faithful urgency of appeal to the 
 hearts of hard-hearted worldlings and unthinking sinners, — of 
 whatever privileges, attaching to the new covenant, they may 
 have been made partakers, — to go immediately to God himself; 
 to seek from tlie Lord a new heart mid a new spirit and pray, 
 in the strivings of a contrite bosom, that tjiey may be made 
 new creatures in Christ Jesus. .' ,\ , 
 
 -J 3iu >>!),] I — 
 
 ■•'3li.< J. 
 
 •iq ^UoihoJ vijv ji ud i : 
 :rtpE hah '',r)nof! id -• 
 
 •Mji.t lUJji oil I ' 
 
 ■ 'IB v?nf'U 
 
 of 
 
 be 
 
 I 
 
.\v'H 
 
 
 ^xrtT 
 
 
 ^^^''^.^^^^^'^•'^•-'^■•' ' ■-■■: .... - -M.VI.., 
 
 1 '"•"■lift io 'imfj fine '■-> ^ 
 
 
 r > 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 
37 
 
 .9Dff-v< 
 
 •'n7T9< 
 
 t -»,.!( 
 
 n(' 
 
 ' • fit 
 
 •■I't 
 
 i.-.M 
 
 
 Extrncl from Cliillingwortli's Preface, to the Author of Cha- 
 rity maintained, prefixed to his Religion of Protestants 
 a safe ivay to Salvation : Referred to in p. 31, of the fore- 
 going Charge. 
 
 " For what, if our devotion towards God, out of a desire 
 that He should be worshipped as in Spirit and in Truth in the 
 first place, so also in the Beauty of Holiness ? What if out 
 of fear that too much simplicity and nakedness in the public 
 service of God may beget in the ordinary sort of men a dull 
 and stupid irreverence ; and out of hope that the outward state 
 and glory of it, being well-disposed, and wisely moderated, 
 may ingender, quicken, increase, and nourish, the inward reve- 
 rence, respect, and devotion, which is due unto God's sove- 
 reign majesty and power ? what if out of a persuasion and de- 
 sire that Papists may be won over to us the sooner, by the 
 removing of this scandal out of their way ; and out of an holy 
 jealousy, that the weaker sort of Protestants might be the easier 
 seduced to them by the magnificence and pomp of their Church- 
 Service, in case it were not removed ? I say. What if out of 
 these considerations, the Governors of our Church more of 
 late than formerly have set themselves to adorn and beautify 
 the places where God^s honor dwells and to make them as 
 lieaven-like as they can with earthly ornaments ? Is this a sign 
 that they are warping towards Popery ? Is this devotion in the 
 Church of England an argument that she is coming over to 
 the Church of Rome ? Sir Edwin Sandys, I presume, every 
 man will grant, had no inclination that way [to go over to the 
 Church of Rome] yet he, forty years since, highly commended 
 this part of devotion in Papists and makes no scruple of pro- 
 posing it to the imitation of Protestants ; little thinking that 
 they who would follow his counsel and endeavour to take away 
 this disparagement of Protestants, and this glorying of Papists, 
 should have been censured for it, as making way and inclining 
 to Popery. His words to this purpose are excellent words ; 
 and because they shew plainly that what is now practised 
 was approved by zealous Protestants so long ago, I will here 
 set them down : — 
 
 " This one thing I cannot but highly commend in that sort and order. They 
 spare nothin» which either cost can perform in enriching, or skill in adorning, the 
 Temple of GOD ; or to set out His service with the greatest pomp and magnificence 
 that can be devised. And althoueh. for the most part, much baseness and child- 
 
i)8 
 
 ishness is predoiniiiaril in the Maslcrs and conliivprs ofihpi.. n„,^,^ ■ 
 u.UvarU slate a.ul glor, being well din oscd?SinIci^n^ 
 
 Ihelowernart. nP .k„ . ij Tl , ""' ""^ himself hath so enr ched 
 
 These remarks were not written, as would appear from in 
 
 York although he was a strenuous Protestant, and a sufferer 
 
 1- K .k'T'. ^"* ^^ ^'' '°" Sir Edwin, author of a work of 
 
 Tfthe st:/''^Tr"*^""P^'^P^^"'""'' or a view or smt; 
 of the state of Rehg.on m the Western parts of the world 
 
 ChnrT fl^""^'^ R«"g*'«" «"d the pregnant policies of the 
 Church of Rome to support the same are notably displayed," 
 
 froPsi'r'r'^^' f Chillingworth which follow his extract 
 xv^fT 1 . ^''"•^^'' '^'^^^ ^^ ^ question which is revived 
 ZhZf' ^''"M" ""'■"^^" day,Jthe question of using the 
 word ^//ar to describe the Communion-table. A matter^ as I 
 
 employed m any quarter with a leaning to superstitious views 
 It may be prudent to decline the adoption of it, (as the Church 
 
 worn ?'' ^rT '" *"^ ^^'^^^W). The words of CMllinl 
 worth are as follows : — ° 
 
39 
 
 inconformily, tvhicli the Governors of the Church would not have so much a» 
 iiuminal, may be taken away Trom them : and Ihe Church of England may be put 
 in a state in this regard more juslifiable ap;ainst the Roman ihnn formerly it was, 
 being hereby enabled to say to Papists (whensoever these names arc objected^ 
 wc also use the Names of Priests and Altars, and yet believe neither the cor- 
 poral Presence, nor any proper and propitiatory Sacrifice 1 
 
 That the word Altar was used in the earliest times of 
 Christianity to describe the holy table, is shewn distinctly by 
 Bingham, in the eighth book (cap vi.) of the Antiquities of the 
 Christian Church. — A short Extract from the passage is given 
 below. It will be remembered that Ignatius was a contem- 
 porary of the Apostles, that Irenajus was a disciple of Polycarp, 
 himself a disciple of St. John, and that Tertullian flourished 
 in the second century, and the beginning of the third, Origen 
 in the beginning of the third. 
 
 *' Great dispute has been raised in the last age about the name of the Com- 
 munion-table, and whether it was to be called the Holy Tubic, or an Altar. And 
 indeed any thing will afford matter of controversy lo men in a disputing age : 
 but we never read of any such dispute in the primitive Ciuiich. For the avcient 
 ivriters used both names indifferently ; some calling it Altar, others the Lord'i 
 Tal)le, the Holy Table, the Mystical Table, the Tremendous Table, Sec , and 
 sometimes both Table and Altar in the same sentence together. Mr. Mcde 
 thinks it was usually called Altar for the two first ages, and that the name Table 
 is not to be found in any Author of those ages now remaining, Ignatius 
 
 uses only the Name %(TiX7TyiPiov, Altar, in his genuine Epistle three of 
 which are alleged by Mr. Mede, to which the reader may add another 
 testimony out of his Epistle to the Magnesians, where he uses both the name 
 Temple and Altar. Irenaeus and Origen use the same name when they speak of 
 the Communion-table- Tertullian frequently applies to it the name of Ara Dei 
 andAltare. *••«••*•• 
 • • * * * On the other hand it is certain they did not mean 
 by the Altar what the Jews and Heathens meant, either an Altar drest up with 
 Images, that is, Idol Gods, as the Heathens commonly had theirs adorned ; or an 
 altar for bloody sacrifices, which was the use of them both among Jews and 
 Gentiles." 
 
 In accordance with what is here seen to have been the 
 language of the primitive Church, it is pointed out in an official 
 opinion recently rendered by Dr. Phillimore, that " the Church 
 of England has used the words Table and Altar as synonymous 
 terms both before and since the Reformation, as is manifest 
 from the writings of Divines of that and of a laier period, as 
 well as from the Coronation-service, the Church Building. 
 Acts, and other authorities." 
 
 The use of the word Altar at Heb. XIII. 10, although i« 
 cannot be understood to favor the idea of a repetition of the one 
 sacrifice once for all offered upon the Cross, nor, in any soiisc^j, 
 of a proper, literal sacrifico, yet ran hnvMy be '.indct\siooi^ 
 
Il^i 
 
 10 
 
 othenvise tl.an as releiring to the rep,osentali<.n of that one 
 sacrifice m the Luc harist and the Communion o[ it enioyed 
 by the faithful in the act of eating. "^ ^ 
 
 I have exhibited the foregoing authorities, winding them up 
 by a reference to the word of God, simply with the view of 
 allai/mg any prejudice or disputatious excitement to which the 
 mere use of the word Altar, on the one hand, or tiie rejection 
 ot It, on the other, may give rise. 
 
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