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ROME

AND

EDUCATION.

PASTOR CHINIQUY,

Proceeds of Sale to be devoted to Pastor Chiniquy's
Mission to Roman Cat/io/ics in America.

Af^

ROME AND EDUCATION.

PASTOJl CIIINIQIY DELIVEIIED THIS LKCTUHE AT MANCIIESTEH,

N. II.. DECEMHEU 2, 1880.

My CnKisTiAN Fkiendh. — I liavc never
felt the responsibility of my position more
than this evening. Tiie sut>ject on which I
am requested to spcal< is of vital import-
an(;e: "Education in tlie (-"hurcii of Home
Compared with Education Among Protest-
ants," or "Wliy do the Priests of Home
Mate our Schwils?" This suhject is vjwt
as the great ocean which waslies your
shf)re8; it is more profound than tiie miglity
Pacific; it is limitless in its extent. My
regret in that it is impossible to (Jo justice
to it in a single lecture. However, relying
on the help of our great and merciful (»<Mi.
wliose holy name lias just l)cen invoked
through our Saviour, Jesus Christ, and re-
meml)ering that I am not among strangers
who will judge me with severity, but among
brethren on the kind feelings of whom I can
rely, 1 will do all I can to throw some new
light on that momentous quest ion which, to-
day more than ever, does cwcupy the minds
of the civilized world.

The word EorcATios is a beautiful word.
It comes from the Latin edurare, which
means to raise up, to take from the lowest
degrees to the highest spheres of knowledge.
The object of education is. then, to feed,
expand, raise, enlighten, and strengthen the
intelligence.

You hear the Komati Catholic priests
making use of that beautiful word edueatio?i
as often, if not more often than the Prot-
estant. But that word "education" has a
very difTerent meaning among the followers
of tlie Pope, than among the disciples of
the Gospel. And that diflFerence. which
you Protestants ignore, is the cause of the
strange blunders you make every time you
ti'y to legislate on that question, her.'', as
well as in Enjijlnnd or in Canada.

The meaning of the word education
among you Protestants is as far from the
meaning of that same word among Roman
Catholics as the southern pole is fnmi the
northern one. When a Protestant speaks

of education, that word is used and iinder-
st«MMl in its true sense. Wlien you send
your little boy to a Protestant school, you
honestly desire that he should be reared
up in the spheres of knowledge as mticti
as his intelligence will allow it. When
that little boy is going to school, he s(!on
feels that he has been raised up to some
extent, and he experiences a sincere joy. a
noble pride, for this new, though at first very
nuxlest raising; but he naturally under-
stands that this new and modest upheaval
is only a stone to step oii. and raise himself
to a higher degree of knowledge, and he
quickly makes that .second step with an un-
speakable pleasure. When tlus son ot a
Protestant has ac(|uired a little knowledge.
he wants to aecpiire more. When he has
learned what t/iin means, he wants to know
what tfint means also. Like the young
eagle, he trims his wings for a higher Hight,
and turns his head upward to go farther
up in the atmosphere of knowledge;. A
noble and mysterious ambition has suddenly
seized his young soul. Then Ik; begins to
feel something of that unquenchable thirst
for knowledge, which God himself has put
in the breast of every child of Adam, »
thirst of knowledge, however, which will
never be perfectly realized except in heaven.
When (4od created man in His own image.
He endowed him with an intelligetice aiul
moral faculties worthy of the high, I was
going to .say the divine, dignity of His own
beloved children. He Himself put in us
aspirations and instincts by which we were
to be constantly longing after the oceans of
light, truth, and knowledge, whose waves
wash His eternal throne. It is that thirst
after more knowledge, that Constant lonu,-
ing after more light which constitutes liie
diuerence between man and brute. Man
has received from Gtxi an intelligence
which, though clouded now, by sin, is to
him what the helm is to the noble ship
which crosses your boundless ocean ; he

hnfl a rDnHcionrr, an iniinortal m\\\ which
buKlH liiin to ()()(I, and lie tV'clH it. lliH
(IcHlinicH arc ftiorioiiH. liicy arc iiic.niiincn-
Hiiral>ic. tiicy arc intinitc, and lie knoWH it.
Tlioiijiii ii dethroned kin^, lie fccLsthat he iH
Hliil a kinu;. The <>,0()0 years wiiicii have
im'<Hcd over him liavc not yet elTaccd the
kingly title wliicli (tod lliniHclf wrote on
his forclicad wlicn lie told him ' .Mnltijily,
and repleiiish the earth, and .subdue it."
((Jen., I 'iH.j With that jrloriouH. that
divine misHioii of suhduiiig the air and
till' light, the wind and the waves, tlic
Hcas a)id the earth, the roaring thunder and
the ilashing lightning, conHtaiilly het'ore his
cy.s. man marches to the eon(|Uest of the
v,orlii. with the calm certitude of his power,
ind the gloriouH aspirations of his royal
dignity.

The otiject of education, then, is to en-
ahh; man to fulfill that kingly miftsiun of
ruling, Hubduing the world, under the eyes
of his Oreator. Let us remember that it
is not from himself, nor from any angel, but
it is from God Himself that inan has re-
ceived that sublime mi.ssion. Ye.s, it is God
himself who has im|)lanted in the bosom
of liumanity the knowledge and aspirations
of those .splendid destinies which vaw be
attained only by ''Education."

What a glorious'imi)ul8e is tliis that .seizes
hold of the newly awakened mind, and leads
the youn.? intelligence to rise higher and
pierce the clouds that hide from his gaze,
the splendors of knowledge that lies con-
ceale(l beyond the gloom of this nether
sphere? That impulse is a noble ambition :
it is that part of humanity that assimilates
itself to the likeness of the great (Creator:
that impulse which education has for its
mission to direct in its onward and upward
march, is one of the mo.st preciosis gifts of
God to man. Once more, the glorious mis-
sion of education is to foster these thirst ings
after knowledge and lead man to accomplish
his high destiny.

It ought to lie a duty with both Roman
Catholics and Protestants to as.sist the pui)il
in his tlight toward the regions of science
and learning. But is it so? No. When
you, Protestants, sfiiid your children to
school, you put no fetters to their intelli-
gence ; they rise with Huttering wings day
after day. Though their thgiit, at first, is
slow and timid, how they feel happy at every
new a.sp(?ct of their intellectual horizon !
How their hearts beat with an unspeakable
joy, when they begin to hear voices of ap-
plause and encouragement fron» every .side
saying to them; "higher, higher, higher I"
when they shake their young wings to take
a still higher fiight. who can ex|)ress their
joy, when they distinctly hear again the
voices of a beloved mother, of a dear

father, (>> :; ''•;neral)Ie pastor, cheering them
and saying: "Well vlone.' higher yet my
child, higher:"

liaising themselves with more confidence
on their wings, they, then, .soar still higher,
in the midst of the unanimous concert of
the voices of their whole country encourag-
ing them to the highest fiight. it is then
that the young man feels liis intellectual
strength tenlold multiplied. He lifts liim.self
on his eagle wings, with a renewed confi-
dence and |)iiwer, and .soars up still higher
with his heart heating with a noble and
holy joy. For from tlie south and north,
from the east and the west the echoes bring
to his ears the voices of the aiimiring nnil-
titudes- "Uise higher, Iiigher yet!"

He has, now. reached what he thought,
at first, to lie the highest regions of thought
and knowledge; but he hears again the same
stimulating «'ries from below, encouraging
him to a still higher fiight toward the loftiest
dominion to knowhnlge and philoso])hy, till
he enters the regions where lies the source
of all truth, and ligiit and life. For he has
also heard the voic(! of his God speaking
through His Son .lesus (Jjiirst, crying:
"Come unto me! Fear not I ('ome unto
me I I am the light, the way I (^ome to
tliis higher region wliere the Father, with
till' Son, and the Spirit reign in endless
light!"

Thus, my friends, does the Protestant
scholar, making use of his intelligence as
the eagle of his wing, go on from weakness
unto strength, from tlie timid fiutter, to the
bold, (tonrident fiight, from one degree to
another, still higher ; from one region of
knowledge to another still higher, till he
loses himself in that ocean of light and truth
and life which is God.

In the Protestant schools no fetters are
put on the young eagle's wings, there is
nothing to stop him in his progress, or par-
alyse his movements and upward llights. It
is the contrary— he receives every kind of
encouragement in his fiight.

Thus it is that the only truly s^/'m^ nations
in the world are l^rotestants. Thus it is
the truly potrerjul nations in the world are
Protestants! Thus it is that the only jree
nations in the world are Protestants! The
Protestant nations are the only ones that
acquit them.selves like nien in the arena of
this world : Protestant nations only, march
as giants at the head of the civilized world.
Everywhere they are the advanced guard in
the ranks of progres.s, science, and liberty;
leaving far behind the unfortunate nations
whose hands and feet are tied by the igno-
minious iron chains of Popery.

After wi' have seen the Protestant
scholar raising himself, on his eagle wings,
to the highest spheres of intelligence.

liiip|>in(>88, and liplit, and innrcliiu^ uniin-
pi-dfd towvrd IiIh Hplciidid dcHtinic?, let lis
turn our cyi'H toward the Uonian Catliolif
student, and let us coiiHidcr and pity liini in
tlu* Hupriinc dc^nidation to whirl) lie is huI)-
jectt'd.

Tiiat younjif ]{c)n)an Catiiolio sciiolar \h
liorii with the saini' brij^ht intcliifjciirc as
tlie I'rolfHtant one; h(! is endowed Ity his
Creator witliliie same powers of mind as liis
I'rotesiant neii,dihor; he has tlie same im-
puises. th(! same noble aspirations, implanted
by tlie hand of (iod, in his breast. He
is sent to school, apparently, like the Prot-
estant boy. to receive what is called
•'E<iucali()ii." lie, at first understands
that word in its true sense, he noes lo
school witli the hope of beiiif? rained, ele-
vated as high as his intelligence and his
personal eflorts will allow. His heart beats
with joy, when at (»nee, the first rays of
light and knowledge comes to him ; he feels
a lioly, a noble pride at every lunv stej) he
makes in his upward progress; he longs to
learn more, he wants to raise higher: — lie,
also, takes up his wings, like the young
eagle, and soars up higher.

Hut, here begin the disappointments and
trilmlations of the Roman ("atholic student :
for he Is allowed to raise himself, yes, — but
when he has raised himself high enough to
lie on a level with the liig toes of the pope,
he hears piercing, angry, threatening cries
coming from every side: — "Stop! stop!
Do not raise yourself higher than the toes
of the holy pope! . . . Kiss those holy
toes, . . and stop yrmr upward flight !
Remember that the pop(! is the only source
of science, knowledge and truth I . . . .
The knowledge of the I\)pe is the ultimate
liiidt of learning and light to which hu-
manity can attain. . . . You are not
allowed to know and belit've what his
holiness does not know and believe. Stop!
—Stop ! Do not go an Inch higher than the
intellectual horizon of the supreme Pontiff
of Rome, in whom only is the plenitude of
the true science which will save the world."

Some will perhaps answer me here: \
"Has not Rome produced great men in
every department of science?" I answer
yes. Rome can show us a long list of names
which shine among the lirightest lights of
the firmament of science and ithilosophy.
She can show us her C'operniccs. her (talileos,
her Paschals, her Rossuets, her Lanicpnis,
etc.. etc. But it is at their risk and peril j
that those giants of intelligence have raised ;
themselves into the high<>st regions of phi- 1
losophy and .science, it is in spite of Rome i
that those eagles have soared up above the
damp and obscure horizon where the pope
offers his big toes to be kissed and wor- '
shipped as the nee plus ultra of human i

' intelligenre; and tlwy have invariably been
punisiied for their temeritv.

On the l>:Jd of .liine. lVi<;8, (;aHil*>o was
oliliged to fall on liis knees in order to escape
the cruel death to wiiicli he was to Ite con-
deiiined by the order of the pope; and he
signed with his own hand the following re-
tractation: "I abjure, curse, anil (h'le.st
the error and heresy of the motion of the
earth," etc., etc.

That learned man had to (h'grade himself
liy swearing a most egregi(iu.s lie, namely,
that he would never say any more that the
earth moved around the sun. Thus it is
that the wings of that giant eagle of Rome
were clipped by the scisiors of the pope.
That mighty intelligence was bruised, fet-
tered, and, as much as it was possible to the
("hiireh of Home, degraded, silenced, and
killed. Hut (iod would not allow that such
a giant intellect should be entin^ly strangled
by the bloody hands of that iinplacal)le
enemy of light and truth- the pope. Siiltl-
cient strength and life had remaiiuul in
(Jallileo to enable him to say, when rising
up. "This will not prevent tlieearih from
moving!"

The infallilile decree of the infallible pope,
Urban VIIl, agaiii.st the motion of the earth,
is signed by the Cardinals Felia, (luido,
Desiderio, Antonio, Hellingero, and Fabri-
cicio. It says, "In the name and by the
authority of .le.sus Christ, the iileiiitude of
which resi(U!s in His vicar, tiie pope, that
the proi>osition that the earth is not the
center of the world, and that it moves with
a diurnal motion is absurd, philosophically
false, and erroneous in faith."

What a glorious thing for the Pope of
Rome to lie infidlibli! ! He infallibly
knows that the earth does not move around
the sun! And what a bk'S.sed thing for the
lioman Catholics to be governed and taught
by such an infdilihlf being! In con.se-
(pieiKC of that infallible decree, you will
admire the following act of humlile sub-
mission of two celebrated Jesuit astronomers,
Lesiieur and .laccpiier: "Newton a-ssunies
in his third book the hypothesis of Ihe earth
moving aroimd the sun. The projiosition
of that author could not b<; explained, ex-
C('i>l through the same hypothesis: we have,
therefore, been forced to act a character not
our own. Hut ire ikclare our entire xuhmia-
nion to the derrern of the supreme, I'ontijfa
of Jiome, (Ufdinxt the motion of the enrth.''' —
i\eirf,(mi\t /'rincipia, vol. ill, p. 4~i().

xS'ow. please tell me if the world has
ever witnessed any degredation like that of
Roman Catholics? I do not speak of the
ignorant and unlearned, but I speak of
the learned— the intelligent ones. There,
you see Galileo condemned to gaol because
he liad proved that the earth moved anniud

ilic HUH, 1111(1 to iiviiid tlic cnicl ilnitli (»ti the
rack oi' till- IkiI} IiKiuiHition. ir he dncM not
rclnu'l, lie fjillH (111 Ills kmcM. niid swciiis
rliat lie will iH'Vcr Itilicvc it iti tlic vrrv
iniiiiictif lliat lie hclicvcs it : He jiMmiscH.
uinU-r a hoIcimii oalli. tiiat lie will never Hay
it liny more, wlii'ii lie is iletermiiied In |»r<»-
rliiiin it anaiii. Ilie very first (ipjKiitiiniiy I
And here yoii see two oilier learned Jesiiiis.
wl'ii liiive wrilli'ii a very a'de work lo prove
that the eaitli moves around the sun: iiiil.
trenhiini; at the tiiunders of llie \atiean,
which are roariti!; on their heads, and
threaten to kil' them, they say that they suit-
mil to t)ie decrees of the l'n|)(siit i{onie,
auaiiiHt the motion of Ihe eailli . tlicy lell a
most contemptilileand ridiculous lie to .save
llieiiiHelveH from the implaciilile 'vralh of
that j;nat liirht extiiiL'uisher whose llir;ine \n
in Ihe city of the seven hills.

Iyamenai.<'. ii iioinaii ('athdlic priest, who
liv((l in this very century, was one ot tlie
most profound pIiiloso|)heis. and elocpient
writers, winch Fraiuc has ever had. Hut
I jimenias was pulilicly excoiniminiciled, for
liaviiifr raised himself hiirh eiiouiili in the
rei^ionsof <tospel liLdil losi'c that ••lilierty of
conscience" was one of the i^nat piivilcires
which Christ has liroujfht from heaven for
all th(> nations, ami which lie has .sealed
with JlijJilood: No man has ever raised
himself hijjher in th»' regions of lliouirht
and philcHoitliy than I'aschal : i)iit Ihe winirs
of Ihaf tjiani ea^le wereclippid by the pope.
I'aschal was an outcast in Ihe Church of
HouK!. lie lived and died an excommuni-
cated ntan. Uosaiict is the most elo(iucnt
«trat(a' which iioine has irivci' to the world.
Hut Veuillol. the editor of the rniirr.s {\\w
oUicial Journal of the Komaii ( 'atliolic clcrnry
of France), assures us that Bossuet was a
<listruised I'rolcvstnnt.

If, at any step made l>y the Protestant
throui^h the rcirions of science mikI learniiiir,
he iisks (tod or man to tell him how he ( an
p,(>c<'ed any further without any fear of fall-
int: into some unknown and unsuspected
a >y.s8, both (tod and man tell him what
CliriBt said to His apostles that he has
t'yi's tf> see. ears to liear. and an iiitelli<i(Mice
to understand : he is reminded that it is
with his own eyes, and not his neiirhboi's
eyes, he imist look: that it is with his own
cars, and not with another one'.s ears ho
iiiiLst hear: and that it is with his (uvn in-
telliirence, and not another's iiitelliirenc<'. he
must understand. And when the Protestant
has madn nso of his own eyes to sec, and
his own ears to hear, and ids own intelli-
gence to understand, he, nevertheless feels
ngain his feet uncertain on the trembliiip
v.aves of the mysterious and unexplored
rejrionsof science and l(>arniiig which spread
liefore him as a boundless ocean, all the

echos of heaven and earth brim; to his cars
Ihe .simple but sublime words of the Son of
(iod: "If a son shall ask bread of any of
you that is a father, will lie irivc liiiii a
stone? Or if he ask a fish, will he, for a
tisli, ^ive iiim a ser|)rnl '.- Or if he shall ask
an eifiT, will he olTerhitii n scorpion 'f If ye
then, beiiiff evil, know how tu i,'ive -rood
>;ifls unto your childreu : how imieh shall
your heavenly Father irive liie Holy Spirit
to them that ask him ?"

Kinboldeiied with this infallible promise of
the Saviour which has < nobled. and almost
divini/ed him, ihe I'rotcslanI student c<-iised
to treii.ble and bar : a new strciii^th has iicen
!j;iven to his feel, a new power to his mind.
For he has uoiic to his Father for more liirhl
and strenuth. .Nay I he has boldly asked,
not only the assistance and the help of the
Spirit of (iod, iiiil the very presence of His
Spirit in his soul to ixuirle and sireiiirllicn
him. The assurance that theOrciit (iod who
hascnated heaven and earth is his Father,
his lovini? Father, has absolutely rai.sed him
above himself: it has iriven a new. I dare
say. u divine iiiipiil.se to all his aspirations
fo.' truth and knowledge. It has ])ut in his
breast Ihe assurance that, sustained by the
love, and the liirht, and the help of that
^reat intinite eternal (>od, he feels him.self
as iis ii irianl able to cope with any obstacle.
lie does not any more walk, on his way to
clernity. as a worm of the dust : a voice
from iieaven has told him that he was the
child of (iod ! Kternity, and not lime, then,
becomes the limits of his existence, he is no
more satisfied with touchini; with his liamls
and studyinj; with his eyes the few objects
which are within the limited horizon of his
eyilid-vision. He stretches his jriaiit hands
to the boundless limits of the inlinitc!. he
boldly raised his feet and eyes from Ihe d'lsl
of this earth, to launch himself into the
i)oundle.ss oceans of the unknown worlds.
He feels as if there was almost 'lothiiiir be-
yond the reach of his intelliifcnce, nothing
to resist the power of his arms, notliiiitr to
stop his onward proiire.ss toward the infi-
nite, so loiiL'^as the infallible words of Christ
will be his compa.-'S, his litrht, and his
streiijrtli. He will then touch the mountains
and they will melt and bow down before
him to let his iron and fiery chariot jiassover
the rocky iiiouiitaiiis, 8,000 feci above the
level of the sea. I Ic will boldly ascend to the
regions where the liirlitninjj: and the storms
reign, and. there, he will plunsrc his daring
liauds into llio roaring clouds, and wrench
the sparkle of lifthlniiia; which will carry his
message from one end lo the other of ihis
world. He will force the oceans to tremble
and submit, as humble slaves, before those
marvelous steam-engines which, like giants,
carry " floating cities ' over all the seas in

spite of the 'TindH and the wiivnH. Had the
NpwIoiir, the Pninklins, the Kiiltniifl. the
MorMCH been Konmnims, their nunieii woiild
have been loMt in the obscurity, which ih iho |
natural heritage of the ahjeut hIiivps of thej
pope!). Being told from their infancy thai {
no one had any ri^ht to miikc uhc of liiM |
" private judgment " inlelli(^cnce an<l con-'
science in the renearch of truth, they would
have remninod mule and niniioiileMH at the
feet of the nuxlcrn and terrible Qod of llonif, I
the Pope. But they were I'rotestantM ! In i
that great and glorious word "Protestant"!
is the Hscrct of the niarvclouH diHcovcric!* '
with which they have changed the face of!
the world. They wee I'roteHlant.s ! yes,
they had passed their young years in I'rot-
entatit scliools, where they had read a'
book which loM them tiiat they were cre-
ated in the image of (lod, and rhat that
great Ood had sent His eternal Son Jesus, to
make them free from the bondage of man.
They hail read in thai Protestant book (for
the Bible is the most Protestant book which
exists in the world) that mnn had not only a
conscience, but an intelli^rence to guide him ;
they had learned thai that intelligence and
conscience had no other master but Ood ; no
other guide but (iod ; no other light hut God.
On the walls of their Protestant .schools the
Son of (»o<l had written the marTolous words :
" (7ome unto me, I am the Light, the Way,
the Life." But when the Protestant nations
are marching with such giant strides to the
conquest of the world, why is it that the
Komnn (Jalholic nations not only remain sta-
tionary, but give evidence of a decadence
which is, day after day, more and more ap-
palling and remediless'.' <io to their schools
and give a moment of attention to the prin-
ciples which are sown in the young intelli-
gences of their unfortunate slaves, and you
will have the key to that sad mystery.

What is not only the first, but the daily school
lesson taught to the Roman Catholic? Is it
not that one of the greatest crimes which a
man can commit is to follow his "private
judgment?" which means that he has eyes,
but he cannot see, ears, but he cannot hear,
and intelligence, but he cannot make use of
it in the research of »;uth and light and
knowledge without danger to be eternally
damned. His superiors — which means the
priest and the pope — must see for him, hear
for him, and think for him. Yes, the Ro-
man Catholic is constantly told in his school
that the most unpardonable and damna-
ble crime is to make use of his own intel-
ligence and follow hii private Judi/ment in the
research of truth. He is conllantly re-
minded that roan's own private judgment is
his greatest enemy. Hence, ail his intellect-
ual and conscientious efforts must be brought

to fight down, sileiHse, kill his ■■ private
judgment." It is by the judgment of his
superiors — the priest, the bishop and the
pope — that he must be guided in everything.

Now, what is a man who cannot make use
of his " private personal judgment." Is he
not a slave, an idioi, an ass ? And what is a
nation composed of mci who d» not make
use of their private personal judgment in the
re-earch of truth and happiness, if not a
nation of brutes, slaves and contemptible
idiots ?

But as this will look like an exaggeration
on my part, allow me to force the Church of
Rome to come here and speak for herself.
Please pay attention to what she has to say
about the intellectual faculties of men. Here
are the very words of the so-called Saint
Ignatius Loyola, the founder of the .lesuit
Society.

"As for holy obedience, this virtue must be
periect in every point, in execution, in will,
in intellect ; doing which is enjoined with all
celerity, spiritual joy and perseverance ; per-
suading ourselves that everything is just ;
suppressing every repugnant thought and
judgment of one's own, in a certain obedi-
ence ; and let every one persuade himself
that he who lives under obedience, should be
moved and directed under Divine Providence,
by his superior, .iii.st as if iik wkiie a conpsii
(ptrinde aesi rudaver es$et) which allows itself
to be moved ami led in every direction."

Ves ! Protestants, when you send your
child to school it is that he may more and
more understand the dignity of man. Your
object is to enlighten, expau*!, and raise his
intelligenc!. You want to give more light,
more strength, more food, more life to that
intelligence. But know it well, not from my
lips, but from the solemn declaration of
Rome. The young Roman Catholic goes to
school not only that liis intelligence may be
fettered, clouded and paralyzed, but that it
may be killed. (You have heard it). It is
only when he will be like a corpse before his
superior that the young Roman Catholic will
have attained to the highest degree of perfect
manhood ! Is not such a doctrine absolutely
anti-Christian and anti-social? Is it not dia-
bolical ? Would not mankind become a Hock
of brute beasts if the Church of Rome could
succeed in her plans of persuading every one
of her hundred of millions of slaves to con-
sider themselves as cadavers — corpses in the
presence of their superiors?

Some one will, perhaps, ask me what can
be the object of the popes and the priests of
Rome in degrading the Roman Catholics in
such a strange way that they turn them into
moral corpses ? What can be the use of those
hundred of millions of corpses? Why not
let them live ? The answer is a very easy

one: The grrat, the only objc;! of the
thought! and workings of the piieats ami
the pope, is to raUo theuiHelves above the
reHt of the world. They want to he high !
high ! high above the heiida not onlj of the
oouimon people, but of the kingH and emper-
ors of the world. They want to be not only
at high, but higher than God. It is when
speaking of the pope that the Holy Ohost
says : " He oppoaeth and exalteth himself
above all that i8 called (lod, or that ia wor-
shiped ; BO that he, aa Ood, sitteth in the
temple of God, shewing himself that he is
God."— 2 Thes., ii. 4. Tu attain their ob-
ject, the priests have persuaded thcirmilliuns
and millions of slaves that they were mere
corpses ; that they had no will, no conscience,
no intelligence of their own, just "as corpses
which allow themselves to be moved and led
in any way, without any resistance." When
this has been once gained, they have made a
pyramid of all those motionless, inert corpsnH
which is so high, that though its feet art on
the earth, the top goes to the skies, in the
very abode of the old divinities of the Pagan
world, and putting themselves and their
popes at the top of that marvelous pyramid,
the priests say to the rest of the world :
"Who among you are as high as we are?
Who has ever been raised by (iiod as a priest
and a pope? Where are the kings and the
emperors whose thrones are as elevated as
ours ? Are we not at the very top of hu-
manity?" Ves ! yes! I answer to the popes
and the priests of Rome, you are high, very
high indeed ! No throne on earth has ever
been so sublime, so exalted as yours. Since
the days of the towers of Babel, the world
has not seen such a huge fabric. Your throne
is higher than anything we know. But it is
a throne of corpses ! ! !

And if you want to 'tnow what other use
is made of those millions and millions of
corpses, I will tell it to you. There is no
manure so rich as dead carcasses. Those
millions of corpses serve to manure the gar-
dens of the priests, the bishops and the
popes, and make their cabbages grow ! And
what fine cabbages grow in the pope's garden ?

Is it not a lucky thing for the world in
general, and for the Roman Catholics in par-
ticular, that though they are taught to be-
come like corpses, to have no will, no under-
standing, no judgment of their own, in the
presence of their superiors there are many
who can never attain to that perfection of
intellectual degradation and death ! Yes, in
spite of the efforts, in spite of the teachings
of their Church, a few Roman Catholics re-
tain some life, some will, some intelligence,
some judgment of their own which prevents
them from becoming complete brutes. They
now and then refuse to descend to the damp.

dark and putrid abode of the corpses. They
want to breathe the fresh and pure air of lib-
erty which God has given to man. They
raise their humiliated forehead fmm the
ignominious tomb which their Church has
dug for them, and they give some xigns of
life. Hut at every such signs of life given
ly an individual, or by a people in the
Church of Rome, be sure tlial you will see
the tiashing light and hear the roaring tliun-
ders of the Vatican directed against the rebel
wijo dares to refuse to become a corfiKe before
his superiors. It is tor having shown such
signs of life and independence of mind that
Galileo wiis sent to gaol and threatened to be
cruelly tortured on the racks of the Inquisi-
tion in Italy, three hundred years ago. It is
for having shown those symptoms of life,
that only a few days ago, the honest Kenna,
one of the most respected Roman Cntiiolics
of Bathurst, N. S. Wales, was excommuni-
cated the day before his death, and hud to
be buried as a dog in his own field, for hav-
ing refused to take away his childreu from
an excellent grammar school to obey the
priest. It is for having dared to think for
himself a few days before his death, that the
amiable and learned Montalambert was con-
sidered as an outcast by the pope, who re-
fused him the honor of public prayers in
Rome after his death.

But that you may better understand the
degrading tendencies of the principles which
are as the fundamental stone of the moral
and intellectual education of Rome, let mc
put before your eyes another extract of the
Jesuit teachings, which I take again from the
"Spiritual Exercise," as laid down by their
founder, I^rnatius Loyola: "That we may
in all things attain the truth, that we may
not err in anything, we ought ever to hold as
a fixed principle that what I see while I be-
lieve to be black, if the superior authorities
of the Church define it to be so." Vou all
know that it is the avowed desire of Rome to
have public education in the hands of the
Jesuits. She says everywhere that, they are
the best, the model teachers. Why so? Be-
cause they more boldly and more successfully
than any other of her teachers aim at the
destruction of the intelligence and con-
science of their pupils. Rome proclaims
everywhere that the Jesuits are the most de-
voted, the most reliable of her teachers, and
she is right, for when a man has been trained
a sufficient time by them, he most perfectly
becomes a moral corpse. His superiors can
do what they please with him. When he
knows that a thing is white as snow, he is
ready to swear that it is black as ink if his
superior tells him so. But some among you
may be tempted to think that these degrad-
ing principles are ezolusively taught by the

'»

JesuilH; that iliey arc not ilie teachlnRH of
the Church, and tliiit I do an injiiHliue to t!ie
Koninii Catholics when I givi*, aH a Keiiornl
iniquity, what in tiiP guilt of the .InHuitH only.
LiHton to the wor>la of that infallihlc I'ope
Oregory XVI, in Imh celubraletl Kncyclical of
the 16lh of AngUHt, WV2. " If the holy
church HO requireH, let U8 sacrifice our own
opinions, our knowledge, our tntflliiffncf, the
iiplendid dreams of our imagination, and the
mo^t Buhlime atliiinnientH of the human un-
derstanding. " It Ih when considering those
anti-social principlcHof Rome that our learned
and profound thinker, Oladslon'', wrote, not
long ago: ** No more cunning plot wa.>« ever
devisod against tlie freedom, the happiness
and the virtue of mankind than RomaniHm."
(Lettfr to Earl Afjeriiffti.) Now, Protestants,
do you begin to see the difference of the
object of education between a i'roteslant and
a Iloman Catholic school? Do you begin to
understand the truth of what I said, at the
beginning of this address, that there is as
great a distance between the word Kducatinn
among you, and the meaning of the same
word in the Church of Rome, than between
the southern and the northern poles! By
education ynu ,im, i to vaise man to the high-
est sphere of manhood. Pome means to
lower .1,1 below the most stupid brutes. By
education you mean to teach man that he is
a free agent, that liberty within the limits of
the laws of God, and of his country, is agift
secured to every one ; you want to impress
every man with th^ noble thought that it is
better to die a free man than to live a slave.
Rome wants to teach that there is only one
man who is free, the pope, and that all the
rest are born to be his abject slaves in
thought, will and action.

Now, that you may still more understand
to what bottomless abyss of human degrada-
tion and moral depravity these anti-Christian
and anti-social principles of Rome lead her
poor blind slaves — hear what Liguori says in
his book "The Nun Sanctified:" "The
principal and most efficacious means of prac-
ticing obedience due to superiors, and of
rendering it meritorious before God, is to
consider that in obeying them we obey God
Himself, and that by despising their com-
mands, we despi-se the authority of our di-
vine Master. When, thus, a religious re-
ceives a precept from her prelate, superior
or confessor, she should immediately execute
it, not only to pleaae them but principally to
please God, whose will is made known to her
by their command. In obeying their com-
mand, in obeying their directions, she is
more certainly obeying the will of God than
if an angel came down from heaven to mani- i
fest his will to her. Bear this always in '
your mind, oh ! blessed sister, that the obe-

dience which yon practice to your sHperior
is paid to Gild. If, then, you receiv(> li cum-
mand from one wIidIum Is tlic place oftio'l, you
should observe it with the same diligence iis
if it came from God Himself. BlesMed Kgi-
lius used to say that it is more meriiorioii.t to
obey man for the love of (Jod than (lud Him-
self. It may be added thai there in more
certainty of doing the will of God by obedi-
ence to our superior than by obedience to
.lesiis Christ, should lie appear in person and
give His command.^. 8t. Pliillip Neri iisetl to
say that religious shall be most certain of
not having to render an account of the ac-
tions ]ierformed through obedience -, for
these, the superiors only who commanded
them shall be lielil iiccoiintalile." The Lord
said, once, to St. Cuthriuc of Sienne, 'Relig-
ious will not be obligeil to render an ao-
count to me of what tlicy do through obedi-
ence, for that i will demand an account trom
the superior. Tii 'U)clrine is confonniible
to Sacred Scripture Behold, says the I,ord,
as clay is in the p it>er's hand, so are you in
my hands, oh ' Israel I (Jeremiah, xviii. 0).
Religious m be in (ne han ,>\ of the supe-
riors to 'le molded is t',. y will, shall the
clay say to him tint rushioneth it. What art
thou making? '' 'lo j-oi tor ought to ani« .ver,
* Be silent, it Is not your business to in<|uire
what I do, but to obey and to receive what-
ever form I please to give you.' "

I ask of you, American Prott..;'>nts, what
will become of your fair country if you wer™
blind enough to allow the Church of Rome to
teach the children of the United Stites?
What kind of men and women can come out
of such schools? What fu'ure of fininie,
degradation au<l slavery you prepare for
your country, if Ron.e does succeed in I'or-
cinjj you to support pucli schools. Wh.it kind
of women would come out from the schools
of nuns who would leach them that the high-
est pitch of perfection in a wouian is when
she obeys her superior, the priest, in f very-
thing he eommandt her 1 that your daughter
will never be called to give an account to God
for the actions she will have done to please
and obey her superior' the priest, the bishop
or the pope? That the affairs of her con-
science will be arranged between God and
that superior, and that she will never be
asked why she had done tliis or that, when
it will be to gratify the pleasures of the su-
perior, and obey his command, that she has
dime it. Again, what kind of men and citi-
zens will come out from the schools of those
Jesuits who believe and teach that a man has
attained the perfection of manhood only when
he is a perfect spiritual corpse before his
superior; when he obeys the priest with the
perfection of a cadaver, that has neither life
nor will in itself.

But you will be tempted to think that this
perfect blind obedience to the priest, which
is the corner stone of the R.onian Catholic
education, is required only in spiritual mat-
ters ; yes ! but you must not forget that, in
the Church of lloiue every action of the pri-
vate or public life belongs to the spiritual
sphere which the superior only mujt rule.
For instance, a Roman Catholic has not the
right to select the teacher of his boy, nor the
school where he will send him ; he must con-
sult his priest, and if he dares to act in a
diflferent way from what his priest has told
him in the selection of that teacher or that
school, he is excommunicated and dammed,
aM Mr. Kenna has been lately at Bathurst.
If he votes according to his own private
judgment for Mr Johns instead of Mr.
Thompson, the selected member of the bishop
and the priest, he is dammed and considered
as a rebel against his Holy Church, out of
which there is no salvation.

The Church of Home's only object in giv-
ing what she calls education is to teach her
slaves that they must obey their superiors in
everything, as God Himself. All the rest of
her teaching is only a mask to conceal her
plans. History is never taught in her
schools ; what she calls history is a most
shameful string of falsehoods. Of course
she does not dare to say a word of truth
about her past struggles against the great
principles of light and liberty, when she
covered the whole of Europe with tears,
blood and ruins. Writing, reading, arithme-
tic, geography and grammar are taught to
a certain degree in her schools, but all these
teachings are nothing else but covered roads
through which the priest wants to reach the
citadel of the heart and intelligence of his
poor victim, and take an absolute possession
of them. Those things are taught every day
only to have a daily opportunity to persuade
the pupil that he must never make any use
of his private judgment in anything, and that
he must submit his intelligence, his con-
science, his will, to the intelligence, conscience
and will of his superior, if he wants tc save
himself from the eterqal fire of hell. He is
constantly told what I have been told a thou-
sand times myself, when studying in the
college of Nicholet : That, those who obey
their superiors in everything, will not be
called to give an account of their actions to
their Supreme Judge, even if those actions
were bad in themselves —for, as Liguori told
you, a moment ago : " Whosoever obeys his
superior, for the love of God, obeys God
Himself, and that there are more merits to
obey one's own superior than God Himself."

The Church of Rome shows her great wis-
dom in enforcing that dogma of the entire
and blind subjection of the will and intelli-

gence of the inferior to the superior. For
the very moment thai a Roman Catholic thinks
that it is his right and sacred duty to follow
the dictates of his own conscience and intel-
ligence, he is lost to the Church of Rome. It
iij only when a man has entirely silenced, and
absolutely killed his intelligence — it is only
when he has become a perfect ir.oral corpse —
that he can believe that his priest, even his
drunken priest, has the power to change a
wafer, or any other piece of bread into the
great God, for whom and by whom every-
thing has been created. It is only when the
intelligence of man has become a dead car-
cass that he can believe that a miserable sin-
ner has the supreme power to force the Son
of God to come, in His divine and human
person, into his vest or pants' pockets to fol-
low him everywhere he wants to go, even to
the bar of the low tavern, that He may be-
come his companion of debauch and drunk-
enness. Do you see, now, why the Church
of Rome cannot let her poor young slaves go
to your schools ? In your schools, the first
thing you inculcate to the pupil is that his
intelligence is the great gift of God, by which
man is distinguii^hed from the brute ; that he
must enlighten, form, feed, cultivate his in-
telligence, which is to him what the helm is
to the ship, Christ, with His holy Word being
the pilot. You see, now, why the Church of
of Rome abhors your schools. It is because
you want to make mm, and she wants to
make brutes You want to raise men to the
highest sphere to which his intelligence can
allow him to reach ; she wants to keep him
in the dust, at the feet of the priests; you
want to form free citizens, she wants to form
adject and obedient slaves of the priests ;
you teach man to keep his sacred promises
and stand by his oath, she teaches him that
the Pope has the right to dissolve the most
sacred promises, and to annul all his oaths,
even the oate of allegiance to his country.
You tell your pupils that so long a? they will
keep themselves within the limits of the
laws of their country they are responsi-
ble only to God for their consciences. They
tell their pupils that it is not to God, but to
the priest he must go to give an account of
his conscience. You teach your pupils that
the laws of God only bind the conscience of
man ; they tell them that it is the laws of the
Church, which means the ipxe dixit of the
pope which binds their consciences. You
teach the student that every man has the
right to choose his religion according to his
conscience. She positively says that no man
has the right to choose his religion according
to his conscience. It is evident that the
Church of Rome would be dead to-morrow
if to-day she would allow her children to
attend schools where they would learn to

•?

follow the dictates of their consoience, and
listen to the voiee of their intelligence. But
she is too shrewd to avow before the world
the real reasons why she wants, at any cost,
to prevent her children from attending your
schools. And it is here she shows her pro-
found and diabolical cunning. Thougli she
is the most deadly enemy of liberty of con-
science, though she has, time after time,
anathematized liberty of conscience as one of
Satan'H schemes, she suddenly steps on, as
the grent friend and apostle of liberty of con-
science, and under that new mask she ap-
proache:) your legislators with great airs of
dignity and says : " We are happy to live in
a country where liberty of conscience is
secured to every citizen. It is in its sacred
name that we respectfully approach your
honorable legislature to aslc: First, to be
exempted from sending our children to the
Government schools. Second, to have ibe
money we want from the public treasury in
order to support our own schooU. For two
reasons: First, you read the Bible in your
schools, and it is against our con*icieuce to
let our children read your Bible. Second,
you have some prayers at the beginning and
some i-eligious hymns sung at the end of the
hours of school, and it is against our con-
science to allow the children of the Church
of R me to join you in tho.se prayers and
hymns." The legislators, who for the groater
part, are too honorable men to suspect the
fraud, are won by the air of candor and
honesty of the Roman Catholic petition-
ers. Considering the great benefit which
will come to the country if all the children
are taught in the same school, they are soon
ready to make any sacrifice in order to have
the Roman Catholic and the Protestant chil-
dren under the same roof, to receive the
same light and the same moral food and same
instruction. As true patriots, the legislators
understand that if they wish their beloved
country to be strong and happy, the first
thing they must do is to make the young
generation one in mind, in heart. If the
Protestant and Roman Catholic children are
taught in the same school, they will know
each other and love each other when young,
and those sacred ties of friendship which
will bind them in the spring of life, will be
strengthened when their reason will be ma-
tured and enlightened by a good education
under the same respected and v'orthy teach-
ers. As Christian men, the legislators would
perhaps like to keep the Bible, and have
short prayers in the schools ; but as patriots,
they feel that those things, though good and
sacred, are an unsurmountable barrier to the
Roman Catholic. The delicate conscience of
the bishops and priests cannot allow such
things in the school attended by their lambs !

Through respect for the sacred rights of the
Roman Catholic conscience, the legislators in
many places throw the Bible overboard, and
they say to God : '• Please get out from our
schools, and do excuse us if we order our
school teachers to ignore your existence!"
They say to .lesus Christ : "We have not
forgotten your sublime and touching words,
' SuflFer little children to couie unto me.' No
doubt you would like to press «ur dear little
ones on your loving heart, and bless them for
a moment in the schools ; but we cannot nllow
them to go so near you in the school, we can-
not even allow them to speak to you a single
word there. Please be not oflFended if we
turn you out from those very schools where
you were so welcome formerly. We are
(orced to that sad extrennty through the re-
spect we owe to the tender consciences of our
fellow-citizens of the Church of Rome. You
know that they cannot allow their children
to speak to you together with ours." But
when those awful, not to say sacrilegious
sacrifices, have been made by the Protestant
legislators to appease the implacable god of
Rome — when, through respect for the scru-
ples of the bishops and priests of Rome, the
great God of heaven, with His Son .Jesus
Christ, have been unceremoniously turned
out from the schools — when the Word of God
has been prohibited, and that the Bible is
thrown overboard, is the Moloch god ap-
peased? will the Roman Catholic bishop and
priests tell their children that they may
unite with yours to go and receive education
from the same teachers? No! But assuming,
then, a sublime air of indignation, they turn
against you as mad doi^s ; they call your
schools Oodlex.t schools .' good only to form
tliieves, infidels and atheists !

Do you sec now that all those dignified
scruples of conscience about reading the
Bible, praying with you, etc., were only ••
mask to deceive you, and make you fall into
a snare ? Do viu not perceive now that they
did not care a straw for the Bible and the
prayers in the schools ? but they wanted your
legislators to compromise themselves before
the Christian world, loose their moral strength
in the eyes of a great part of the nation,
divide your ranks, your means, your strength,
and beat you on that great question of edu-
cation. They will take such airs of martyrs
when you will try to force their children to
your schools that many honest and unsus-
pecting Protestants will be completely de-
ceived by them. At first they could not, they
said, trust the children to your hands, be-
cause you read the Word of God, you prayed
and blessed God in the school. But now
that the Bible and God are turned out from
the schools, they baptize them by the most
ignominious names which can be given —

(hey call them "Godless schools!" Have
you ever seen a more profoundly ignomin-
ious and sacrilegions trick ! Will not your
legislators open their eyes to that strange act
of deception, of which they are the victims ?
Will they not come out quickly from the
trap laid before them by the bishops and the
priests of Rome ? Yes I Let us hope that
your patriots and Christian legislators will
soon understand that they owe a reparation
to God and to their country ; wHh unanimous
voice they will ask pardon from God for hav-
ing expelled Him from the very place where
He has most right to reign supremely — the
school.

For what is a school without God in its
midst to sit as a father, and to form the
young hearts and evoke the young intellect.
What is a boy ? what is a girl ? what ii a
woman or a man without God? what is a
family, what is a people without God ? It is
a monstrosity, it is a body without life,
it is a world without light, it is a cis-
tern without water. Let us hope that,
before long, your patriotic and Christian
legislators will remember that the Bible
is the foundation of the greatness of Protest-
ant nations. Do not forget it, Protestants.
It is to the Bible the United States owes their
liberty, power, prestige and strength. It is
the Bible that has ennobled the hearts of your
heroes, improved the minds of your poets
and orators, and strengthened the arms of
your warriors ; yes ! it is because your sol-
diers have brought with them, everywhere,
the Bible, pressed on their hearts, that they
have conquered the enemies of liberty. So
long as the United States will be true to the
Bible, their glorious banners will flash re-
spected and feared all over the seas, and over
all the continents of the world. Let the
disciples of the Gospel, the children of God,
and the redeemed of Christ all over the fair
and noble country you inhabit hasten to
request their legislators to invite the Savior
of the world to come back and bless their
dear children in the school. For it is not
only in your homes and your churches that
Jesus tells 70U "Suffer little children to
come unto uie." It is particularly in the
school. Oh ! give two or three minutes to
those dear little ones, that they may press
themselves on His bosom, bless Him for hav-
ing saved them on the cross, and proclaim
His mercies by singing one of those hymns
which they like so much. By this noble act
of national reparation, you will take away
f^om the hands of the priests the only weapon
with which they can hurt you ; you will de-
stroy the only argument they use with a true
force against your schools when they call
them godless schools. Do not fear any more
the priests and the prelates of Rome. Do

not yield any more and give up your privilege
to please them and reconcile them to your
schools. You will never be able to reconcile
them to your schools — for there is light in your
schools, and they want the darkness. There is
freedom and liberty in your schools; they want
slavery 1 There is life in your schools — and
it is only on dead corpses that their church
can have a chance to live a few years more.
You see, by a sad experience, that their
scruples of conscience against the Bible and
the prayer of the school, are mere hypoc-
risy just thrown into the eyes of the public.
Do not say with some honest but deluded-
Protestants : Is it not enough that that child
should learn his religion at home? No,
it is not enough ; for it is in our nature
that we want two witnesses to believe a
thing. What comes to our mind only through
one witness remains uncertain ; but let two
good witnesses confirm a fact, and then we
accept it. Your child wants two witnesses
to believe the necessity of the sacredness of
religion. His Christian home is surely a
good vfitness to your child, but it is not
enough ; what he has heard from you must
be confirmed by his school teacher. Without
this second witness, nine times out of ten
your children will be skeptics and infidels.
Besides that, the very idea of God brings
with it the obligation to bless, love and adore
Him everywhere. The moment you take
your child to a place where not only he can-
not love, bless and adore God, but where the
adoration and the praise of God are- for-
bidden, you entirely destroy the idea of God
from the mind and the heart of your child.
You make him believe that what you have
told him when at home, of God, is only a
fable, to amuse and deceive him. Do you see
that noble ship in the midst of that splendid
harbor, how she is tossed by the foaming
waves, how she is beaten by the furious
winds ? What does prevent that ship from
flying before the storm, and running ashore,
a miserable wreck ? What does prevent her
from being dashed on that rock ? The an-
chor, yes, the anchor is her safety. But let
a single link of the chain that binds the ship
to her anchor break, will she not soon be
dashed on the rock, and broken to pieces,
and sink to the bottom of the sea ? It is so
with your child ! So long as his intelligence
and his heart is united to God by the anchor
of faith, he will nobly stand against the furi-
ous waves, he will nobly fight his battles, but
let the school teacher be silent about God,
and here is a broken link, and the child will
be a wreck. Do not fear the priest, but fear
God ! Do not try any more to please the
priests, but do all in your power to please
your great and merciful God, not only in
your homes, but also in your schools, and

those schools will become more than ever a
focus of light, an inexhaustible source of in-
tellectual and moral strength— more than
ever your children will learn in the school
to be your honor, and your glory and your
joy. They will learn that they are not igno-
ble worms of the dlist, whose existence will
end in the tomb, but that they are immortal
as God, whose beloved children they are.
They will learn how to serve their God and

love their country. Be not ashamed, but be
proud to send your children to schools where
they will learn how to be good Christians
and good citizens. When you will have
finished your pilgrimage, they will be your
worthy successors, and the God whom they
will have learned to fear, serve and love in
the school will help them to make your grand
Republic great, happy and free.

A ROMISH BISHOP'S TESTIMONY.

The Kankakee Times publishes the following communication from a
member of the Illinois Bar. Though perhaps containing nothing new nor
strange to those who have studied the matter, the statement made may
convince such Protestants as imagine the Church of Rome to be a harm-
less institution, of their great error. The principles of the Papal hie-
rarchy remain unchanged. The wearer of the Tiara would as readily
dispose, for simple heres}', any temporal ruler of to-day, as his predecessor,
six centuries ago, deposed and deprived of his estates. Count Raymond,
of Toulouse, for a like crime. Religious liberty is both hated and dreaded
by a church which claims the right of enforcing its spiritual decrees by
the assistance of the secular arm :

In one of your past issues, you told your readers that the Rev. Mr.
Chiniqu}' had gained the long and formidable suit instituted b}' the Ro-
man Catholic Bishop to dispossess him and his people of their church
property. But 30U have not given any particulars about the startling
revelations the Bishop had to make before the Court, in reference to the
still existing laws of the Church of Rome, against those whom they call
heretics. Nothing, however, is more important for every one than to know
precisely' what those laws are.

As I was present when the Roman Catholic Bishop Foley, of Chicago,
was ordered to read, in Latin, and translate into English, those laws, I
have kept a correct copy of them, and I send it to you with a request
to publish it.

The Rev. Mr. Chiniquy presented the works of St. Thomas and St.
Liguori to the Bishop, requesting him to say, under oath, if those works
were or were not among the highest theological authorities in the Church
of Rome, all over the world. After long and serious opposition on the
part of the Bishop to answer, the Court having said he (the Bishop) was
bound to answer, the Bishop confessed that those works were looked
upon as among the highest authorities, and that they are taught and
learned in all the colleges and universities of the Church of Rome as
standard works.

Then the Bishop was requested to read, in Latin, and translate into
English, the following laws and fundamental principles of action against
the heretics, as explained by Sts. Thomas and Liguori :

1. "An excommunicated man is deprived of all civil communication
with the faithful, in such a wa}', that if he is not tolerated, they can have
no communication with him, as it is in the following verse : ' It is for-
bidden to kiss him, pray with him, salute him, to eat or do any business
with him.'"— St. Liguori, Vol. 9, page 162.

2. "Though heretics must not be tolerated because they deserved it,
we must bear them till, by a second admonition, they may be brought

back to the faith of the Church. But those who, after a second admoni-
tion, remain obstinate in their errors, must not only be excommunicated^
but they must be delivered to the secular power to be exterminated."

3. *' Though the heretics who repent must always be accepted to pen-
ance, as often as they have fallen, they must not, in consequence of that^

always be permitted to enjoy the benefits of this life When

the}' fall again, they are permitted to repent, but the sen-
tence of death must not be removed." — St. Thomas, Vol. 4, page 91.

4. " When a man is excommunicated for his apostac}-, it follows from
that very fact, that all those who are his subjects are released from the
oath of allegiance by which they are bound to obey him." — St. Thomas^
Vol. 4, page 94.

The next document of the Church of Rome brought before the (yourt
was the act of the Council of Lateran, A. D. 1215 :

" We excommunicate and anathematize every heresy that exalts itself
against the holy, orthodox and Catholic faith, condemning all heretics by
whatever name they may be known — for though their faces differ, they
are tied together by their tails. Such as are condemned are to be deliv-
ered over to the existing secular powers, to receive due punishment. If
laymen, their goods must be contiscated. If priests, the}' shall be first
degraded from their respective orders, and their property applied to the
use of the Church in which they have officiated. Secular powers of
all ranks and degrees are to be warned, induced and, if necessary, com-
pelled by ecclesiastical censure, to swear that they will exert themselves
ta the utmost in the defense of the faith, and extirpate all heretics de-
nounced by the Church, who shall be found in their territories. And
whenever any person shall assume government, whether it be spiritual or
temporal, he shall be bound to abide by this decree.

" If any temporal lord, after having been admonished and recjuired by
the Church, shall neglect to clear his territory of heretical depravity, the
Metropolitan and the Bishops of the province shall unite in excommuni-
cating him. Should he remain contumacious a whole year, the -fact shall
be signified to the Supreme Pontiff', who will declare his vassals released
from their allegiance from that time, and will bestow his territory on
Catholics, to be occupied by them, on the condition of exterminating the
heretics and preserving the said territory in the faith.

" Catholics who shall assume the cross for the fxUrmlnutlov of heretics-
shall enjoy the same indulgences and be protected by the same privileges
as are granted to those wiio go totbe help of the Holy Land. We decree,
further, thai; all who may have dealings with heretics, and especially such
as receive, defend or encourage them, shall be excommunicated. He
shall not be eligible to any public office. He shall not be admitted as a
witness. He shall neither have the power to beciueath his property' by
will, nor to succeed to any inheritance. He shall not being any action,
against any person, but any one can luring action against him. Should
he be a judge, his decision shall have no force, nor shall any cause be
brought before him. Should he be an advocate, he shall not be allowed
to plead. Should he be a lawyer, no instrument made by him shall be
held valid, but shall be condemned with their author."

The Roman Catholic Bishop swore that these laws had never been
repealed, and, of course, that they were still the laws of his Church. He

Ko^ t^ swpar that every vear, he was bound, under pain of eternal dam-
had to swear tiiat, e\er) y«»') ' , ' , . j ^ Brevarium (his

e te^ t the ProteLnts to know precisely what the ^f'"?' .f^'^"^
any doubt. Attorney.

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