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1 2 3

32X

SKETCH OF THE E

EARL O

Paper read before the Historical and Scientific Society of Janitoba, Fe
Delegue de I' Institution Ethnographique, Paris, Corresponding S^retary of tl
the Society, occupied the chair.

W« are engaced in unravellinc a Uncled web.
The eventa whiob transpiTed betwaen ttae y«an
],iUl-18W in oonneotion with the Selkirk oulon>,
#ith tti« diopates ot the riral fur oompanics— the
•pmpany of adventnrers to Uudnon'i Bay, hariiiK
neir headquarters in London, and tlio Nurtu-
IVent Oomyauy of Cannda, oentering in Montreal
^are a series of eom plicated tsaaes. The ni«taric
Materials of the ttuie are evidently Kiven on boili
•idLiM Ik* the prmwet of ituuU Tiut»ut p»rti*itiiatii;>
that the moat thorough refoarch and calintwt
jiudgment are necessary to gain the truth, it ii<
to the interest of no one now to keep back the
facts. Sixty, > ears may well sutBoe to let the fires
of party spirit die away. What motires Lord Sel-
kirk had in founding the eolouy on the bankit uf
Ked Kiver have been much disoussnd. The Nor'-
Westers did not hositate to accuse
him of the giorsest cupidity, and
their spokesman wrot* warning all
against laud jobbery sueoulaturs, a class of
persons well known in America, and of whom
Lord Selkirk, from the magnitude of his opera-
tions, may be styled the chiel." Sheriff Ross, a
writer in thorough sympathy with Lord Selkirk,
in his work on Ked Kiver, aUer suggesting vari-
ous possible motives, euds by cjncluding that f 'le
ohrisiianiiatiou of the ludiaas was his aim,
though he was not sure how the noble Earl honed
to accomplish this. A late writer has said " iAb
Lordship's real objeot in forming tue colony on
the Ked River appeared at the time to be the hope
ofgetting a number of hardy meu raised in tbu
oountry inured to the climate, and devoted u>
their patron's iiiMrest, to em er into the Hudson
Bay Company's employ and become servile tools
in oiirrying arbitrary measures for the destruc-
tion ot the North- W<3st Oomi^any." 'ihe histuriuii
of Minnesota states Lord Selkirk's pur<iose to
have been to effect the "colonising of britif<h emi-
grants in these distant Uritish toosses.-ious
and thus check the <ii po.-itioa to ^ettle in the
United States". Sad, indeed, would it have been
had any British peer been so unworthy of his
class as to make the m series of hundreds of thM
starving peasantry of his native oouutry a means
ol gain ; must unlikely is it that he would take
families contaiuing women and children to share
the rigors of a northern climate to rear a native
race of Hudson's Bay trappers, when hundreds of
Orcadians and Nor' h Country men could bo got
for low wages and shipped by whole ves^iel loads
to trap and hunt ; not the fsendiiig out of t)ut
a single Uigiiland o.iteohist (Sutherland) with
bis colonists would Lave been his method hud In-
dian civilisation buen his object. Mad Lord Sel-
kirk only desired to oheok the tandanoy towards
American emigratioir with lei*8 expense and toil,
he could have oolouised the fertile lauds
of Upper Canada then open to settlement,
why will men not lake the simplest explanation
when it amply meets the case ? Lont Selkirk or-
ganised a colony, lor the good of the colonists,
placed it where it would be unaffected by contact
with what he considered hurttul influences, and
spent time, and thought, and money— even his
own life being worn out in the struggle— to ad-
vance the ime'esii of his people. Why will men
attribute sordid, impure, interested motives when
pure patriiitism or noble philanihropy are simple
explan II ions IviriK ready to hand? That all ac-
tions are selfish B lh*t dogma of certain philosti-
phers, not the bnlief of a true lover of his kind.
The names of Baltimore and Penn stand worthy
of remembrance- 'nd that of Selkirk, if we ri^ht-
|v reaa his life, may well make up an honorable
trio.

I o Ret the olye to a man's life it must be taken

«• a wbol*., II la onljr Vm> « M i » ii ii «•»• — «.'».i I

poinUofaohH.raoter under varying circumstan-
ces and at different times that we surely inter-
gret wuat the man U. Acting on this principle I
ave sought to obtain the leading features of Lord
Selkirk's lite before he ha'l any connection with
Nor'-westerii colonisation. It is for fathers to judge
whether there throw any light upon therotn.or
1 1 his motives and autions which have been so
variously interpreted. ,„,..,

Public centiment has recognised Lord Selkirk
as worthy of honor. The name of Selkirk has
indfi ii.v fixed in_ the Nortt»»iS^st. JJbe

with the sword, and the lands of Ooogl ta were
granted to him beoause he had won them honor-
ably. The same spirit and daring, we shall see,
survived in his desoendant. The men of five or
six centuries ago had need of persistency
and grip, the surnames given them in those days
of hauberk and steel tell well enongh the kind of
work men d<d, for Theobald's graat-grandson was
Sir William Douglas the Uaidy, andBir William'
srandson was ArohibaU the urim. Sir Wililam^
bad the hardihood to join the unlueky Wallaoe.'
and for so doing the English eonqneror harried
his lands, seised his cattle, and earned off his wife
and helpless bairns. The following pages will .
show whether the perseeatod bnt persavering E»rl
of Selkirk was not a worthv scion of his race.

Did Lord Selkirk in his times of greatest diffi-
culty need the inspiratio'i to ba got from an an-
cestral suooassion of noble deads, tkara was no
lack of these. It was one of that great house of
Douglas, Jamas, the seoond Bairl of Douglas, who,
following in the footatapa of bis raea, in keeping
alive tho fiery feuds of the Border, minad tha
name given him bj Fbidun, '* the piookiest of
soldiers, and to tha Bnglioh avar tha most ob-
noxious." Penetrating to tha gates of York, he
brought the fierce wrath of Hotspur iipon him at
Otterburne ; and though signally daioating tha
English, he fall in the hairdest of the fighting
mortally wounded, and thanking Ood that " few
of his ancestors had died in chambers."

To this same family also balonga J ' " tha good
Sir James." It was his good fortnaa tohave lived
in the auspieiona dajTS of Bioea, VBim^iNMil'
him the main-stay of the kingdom a d his friend.
In >cott B " Lord of tha Isles," said this great war-
rior;

" Dead were my heart, and deaf mine ear.
If Bruce should call nor Douglas hear."

Sir James was foremost at Bannoekbam ; ha
headd twenty thousand of an army on a sally
into Envland ; with two hundred horsemen he
fiiroed his way through the English camp to the
royal tent at Stanhope Park, and well nigh se-
eureif tha person of King Edward. It was this
Dougias, also, to whom King Robert, in dying,

Kve vhe solemn charge that his heart should be
rne .'o Jerusalem, and laid within tha holy
sepulchre. By so brave and devoted a friend the
charge could not be disregarded. The journey
was undertaken in person. Spain was reaohad,
but in a conflict with the Moors his life was lost.
It happened thux : Seeing the Saraoans, to whom
he was oppised, flinching, and likely to break in
confuoion, be thew the casket before niinAnd ipto
thp midst of the enemy, exeiaiming: " Passtnou
onward as thou wert wont. Douglas will follow
thee or die." The chanees of war were adveri>e ;
the warrior never raMohad the Holy City, and the
mutilated body and bis muster's heart were car-
ried back to Smtland again. And ii these exam-
ples were not enough . there stands the figure of
the Earl of Selkirk's ancestor tan generations
baok-Arobibald, well known as " Bell the Cat."

I mean that Douglas-flllh of yora,

Who coronet of Angus bora,

And when his blood and heart were high,

D d the third James n camp defy,

And all bis minions led to die

Un Laujer's dreary flat.
It was he who was courageous enough to warn
the iufataatttd James the Fourth afainf>t trying
the odds of war on the disastrous flara ot Flodden.
The sturdy old man, stung to the quick by the
undeserved reply of the King, " Angus, if you

whom bu was dearly attsohea. to perish in vV-
holding th« abused theory that " the King can do
no wroug."

Witusueii heroic blood in his veins, the fifth
E irl of Selkirk was born— being tha seventh sou
of Dunbar, fourth Kari of Selkirk, who bad re-
sumed the name of Douglas. Thomas Douglas
eariy shovred the ability and industry of his raue.
About thfi age of eighteen be is found pursuing
an academic career in Edinburgh, and there is
known us ore of a band of illustrious young men
earnestly enxaged in literary and learned pur-

SaotUnd was i
state. Tha oo
a stata of
barbarism, and
of improvement i
suoh transitions
sues. The wheels
imbaoila. and tha
from being i

id there colleet
y plaoas baim
stratohas for the
pursuiu. These i
aantry. Of these
oome to h<s title, ^
^aw the Highland
(tfresqne. The U
int* 01 ruUrs. Tk
garb of tha mount
their mother tongi
for tbeir family
fame founds in ea
proud, lofiy and ii
the jFoung and
tic environman
with tho, tniserj
life ioro«d upon h
heart of Ihom .s 1
£dimbur1>k ««»»?
statema.^' — Wi
" the Ui|(i>i*^i>ds b
"in life t«> take a
" eountrjimen in i
" iugtkv'nuunie
"ourioslt.f w»*"i
•* Utious !»• l>«*r
" and the strikini
" utaiukugsmonK
" undariuok an ei
" region, and exp
" most secluded
twenty-one was fi
relief. Uow beat
burst of youthfu
sordid bands of yi
up the soul 1 Wii
noble ttae dreams
years aavanoed, t
title and estates

flans for the roiic
he death of his I
title, Haron Dh(
death of his fathc
estates and the («
. title given twur i
^^brauch of the hou
f* But Napo eou i
excitement of the
tor the benefit of
turn of pea e gai
pressing on a mei
the crying need o
tri ited cottars t4>
world, highly ;
look upon themsi
suffering, and tbi
rasults. The con
enertfy undertool
landers in Prin
lands given him
sui'oeiis, he undei
this enterprise, i
the number of S
dance rathar.tbai
if any option stil
tain, weragreail:
iutere>t and care
In August, im
turejjoiuo^aajf j(
building houres '
same month Lore
trext year was o
settlers ; they wi
ttie rowards were
ed in that year I
were engaged in
land cultivated ii
every working hi
St rue ed rude b<
harvest of tbe fin
J ,

1 1 his mMT^^ ami actions whiof
variously interpreted.

lave been so

cany showed the ability and industry oT
About the age of eighteen be is found

H raue.
pursuing

land oulti\ ate

LIEK LIFP] OF THE

xaety of Janitoba, February 8th, 1881, by Rev. Prof. Bryce, M.A., LL.B.,
)ondmg Swretary of the Society. William Cowan, M.D., the President of

Donsl ui wfli*
1 them bonor-
we ihallMe.
len of five or
penUtonor
I in thoa«(Uuri
;h th« kind of
. ,nclM>n wM
irWi)li»iD'j
lir Willlaii
i«ky WsiIms.
MTur h«rriM
led oifhia wife
ut paffoa will
rMverini E»rl
ihii noe.
ffraateit difS-
>t from an ao-
, tkmtt w«i no
[raat houNof
DoojtlM, who,
«•, in keepinc
ir. niB«d tn«
I piookieit of
th« moatob-
lof York, he
ir upon him at
de<MtinR the
the flshtia*
}odthat "few

Iff.

id'" the pood
ijjg hare lired
wAtr reekemt'
k d hia friend,
thii great war-

Seotland wai at this time ia a orttioal
state. The ooantry was ementins from
a state of baokwardness almost of
barbarism, and enterinc on some phases
of improTement and advanced civilisation. In
such transitions much individuHl vutTerinK en-
iues. I'iie wtieels of prugress crush the weak, the
hcrancuon was ■ imbecile, and the luckless. The tiooitisb Uigb-
IBirWiiUam'^^yNM'* l^o l>*ii»M>BP>v wild wattes wiih bere
Sir Willl«i^^P*Bd there oolleettons of cotter's huts, were in
^ ^^^Bany plaees being subdued and thrown into wide
stretches tor the better cultivation of pastoral
pursuits. These were woeful days for the pea-
santry. Of these events young Douslas, not yet
come to hU title, was an interested spectator. Ue
l^aw the Uigblanderas the embod.ment ot the pic-
tt^resque. The Highland chief was the moct ubso-
lapu Of ruUr*. The Uigalaud regiment, with the
garb of the mountaineer, with intense de otion to
their mother tongue, with their enthusiastic pride
for tifei'' family history, as " Evan's, Donald's
fkme founds in each clansman's ears," with their
proud, lofiy and independent bearing appeals to
the ^oung ana the romantic. I'he roman-
tic ePTlfonment of the Kelt, coupled
with tb* miser:^ caused by the obaii«e ot
life iore*d upon him appealed irresistibly to the
heart of 'i'^'iO'n'SUuugiaii. In uu article in fbe
Edimimrl/^ Jteview, Uct., Ib05, is the following
stateme'.t:~" Without any local counection with
" the Uitfti^od* iMi (DouKlast was .ed very curly
" in life t*> t**^* * warm interest in the fate of his
" oountr]4>»*B ib that part of the kingdom liur-
" iug the* course of his academical studies his
" ouriositf wac strungly excited by the rcpresen-
" tatious I'* heard of the a.c eut state of society
" and the striking peculiarity of manners stili re-
" uiaiukutf amona them ; and in the year 171)2 he
" underiook an extensive tour through this wild
" region, and explored many ot its remotest and
" most secluded valleys." The noble yuutii uf
twenty-one wa> filled with patriotic ardor f<T their
relief. How beautiiul a thiug m the fresh out-
burst of youtbful hope and sympathy ere the
sordid bunds of years and affairs swathe and close
up the soul I Wiih this teuder-bearied Scottish
noble tbe dreams of youth d.d nut fade away as
years advanced, for no suoner bad he come into his
title and estates than he set aU>ut preparing
plans for the relief of ttie Highlaud peasantry.
The death of h<8 brother in 1797 brought him the
title, Maron Dner aiid bi ortcleuKh. anduu the
death of his father, in 1799, he succeeded to the
esUtes and the peerage as Earl of belkirk— the
title given tuur geuerations before, in 1646, to a
«!<:», knrf into i brauobof the house of Angus.
-."JP\ft« .ffn„ ^H^t Napo ecu was n«w u. his high o.reer. The
ig. rassmou excitement of the lime checked any movement
lor the benefit of the homeless peasants. The re-
turn of pea e gave Selkirk the oppoitunity of
pressing on a membei ui the British Government
the crying need of interfering to help the expa-
tri >ted cottars to find a resting-place in the new
world. Ligbty yea s ago governments uid nut
look upon themselves bound as now to succor the
suSeriug, and thi- stroiige-t appeals pnnltioed no
results. The compa»sionate nub eiuan w>tb great
enertty undercook to settle a colony uf these High-
landers ill Prince Edward Island upon waste
lands given him by tbe ilovertiinent. lo ensure
sni'ceas, he undertook the p«rsunal oversifbt of
this eiiteri>rise. 1 be mouruiul band of pilgrims, to
the number of 8U0, fotiowinK the dicUtes fif pru-
dence riitber.thanof leeling.broke up.theirliomes,
if any option still remained, and though uncer-
tain, were greaily encouraged by bis Lordship s
iutere.-t and care. , . , ^.

In August. imO, the oulonisU reached their fu-
ture ho inj.aajj j..y titf..n\!^le.»iL 8s«»kW^LA»l3
building houres " iu a little knot together." The
same month Lord Selkirk came to Montreal. The
4'exr year was o e ol earnest industry with tbe
settlers ; they were all encuuragfd to labor, for
the rewards were for themselves. Ou being visit-
ed in that year by their generous patron, they
were engaged in securinK tbeir harvest, and the
land cultivated in that > ear averaged two acres lor
every working hand. Tbe settlers had alsu con-
■true ed rude boats, and with these secured a
harvest of tbe finny product of tbe sea. The ex-

f mine ear.
IS hear."

moekbam; he
rmy on a sally
horsemen he
*h camp to the
i well nigh se-
. It was this
lert, in dying,
leart should be
Ithin the holy
id a friend the
The journey
was reached,
I life was lost.
loanB, to whom
ely to break in

las will follow
were adverne ;
\y City, and the
heart were ear-
it these exam-
the figure of
in generations
' Bell the Cat."

rore,

l were high,
defy,

•

lough to warn
against trying
iahl of iflodden.
quick by the
Angus, if yuu
.Jtif MA with
perish lb A$^
lie King can do

eins, the fifth
le seventh son
, who had re-
lowas Uougl;a
(try of his race.
uund pursuing
. and there is
MIS young men
1 learned

pur-

Royal Society was conferred upon the author.

But the ever active mind of tbe Barl would rise
to higher thinp— and those not being less tban
founding an Empire in the very heart of Mortli
America. After planting his Highland country-
men in Prince Edward Island by the sea in 1803
he had Kone to Montreal. He had beard of tbe
fertile lands of Upper Canada, and started a smflll
A ooluny in the culBfei of Kent, af a place ci%lled
Baldoon, after a^C< t of hie familj; possessions,
but this was simply doing wbat individual setttefs
could acoomplisb themselves. Ue would start,
unhampered by old conJltions and pre-existing
enactments, he would found a coUny on the
virgin soil to work out a destiny of its own. While
sojourning in Monireai in tbe year 1863 there waa
much that appealed to his love of tbe picturesque
and the danng. He met the North- W e8te;-n fur
traders, he saw their baronial hauteur and their
lordly gatherings, but he heard moreover of the
adventures of the voyageur. That alter passing
manv hundred miles by fell and flood— ruuniuK
rock> cascades— and portaging around rapids
too flerv,e to be laced, they arrived at a land
where the green grass waved over level glades
hundreds of miles, where the rivers thronged
with fish, where the buffalo careered, and where
bountiful Ceres gave forth her treasures simply
for the asking. He contrasted this with rocky
glades and sterile lands and contracted holdings ,
and the imagination of the enthusiast was fired,
and the heart of the coloniser satisfied. A great
obetacle met him on the threshold— one of the
two great monopolies of modern times— the U^ivl*
son's Bay Company held tbe country. For well
nigh 140 years this company haa carried on its
trade with exclusive powers, got originally from
easy-going Charles II., whu had piven away what
neither he nor any of his ministers— keen and
shrewd as they were— knew aupbt about. So
huge an obstacle would have convinced most men
that turther progress towards tbe ideal was im*
possible.

The organiser of the Prince Edward Island
colony ot ttigblanders, with his inoi eased experi-
ence, wi.h ample means, and urged on by the con*
tinned cry of misery of his unfortunate country-
men in the Highlands, was equal to the emer-
gency. In company with a prominent Nor'-
Wester in England, he undertook the bold prtuect
of obtainiiig the control of the stock ot tbe Hud-
son's Kay Company. The untortunate operations
of Kuooessice years had reduced tbe value of Hud-
son's Bay Company stock from above 2UU per cent,
to less than 60. The time was favorable for their
design. After acquiring a quantity of stock.
jointly, howpver, a (1iian«trfti>m»nf nrnnti between

the partners. An arrangement was made be
tween tbe parties by whicn ibey dissolved connec-
tion. Lord Selkirk retaining one portion, and his
partner another part of the stock acquired.

Lord Selkirk had a defii:ite end in view, while
his aitsoviate meroly bought as a commercial in-
vestment. Alter their reparation, Selkirk, bent
on his work of colonisation, increased hs stock
by purchase to some £40,(MO which wasalmuvta
moiety ofthe whole— that being in 18i)4 reported
as £mjMO. The Nor'-Westem autburs continu-
ally present this course of his Lordship as otijec-
tiouable, b'Xt fail to show in what respect. To
buy and pay for stock and its tranchives is not
supposed t^ be an immoral act in our dxy. Es-
pecially tree was Selkirk from any imputation
when he bad no part in bringing the company
to its almost insolvent state; tbe nen
directorate of tbe company received
an offer from Lord Selkirk for the
trxnsfer of a large tract of land lying on the Red

containing not less than bve times hs much terri-
tory s the pre cut Province of Manitoba. Tbe
accompanying diaf ram shows the limits of thi»
lordly possession, from which it will be seen that
tbe trapesium obta.ned includes tbe whole of our
own Province. The area purchased by Lord Se.-
kirk waa known as the Territory of Ossiniboiu .

lustry of his raue.
8 found pursuing

land cultivated in that > ear averaged two acres lor
wiirlrin» hanii- ThB suttlars had alsu con-

«li£ii

»■ worthy ol honor, ine
been indelibly flxwl in_

name
the Nor

OeiKITK

'e»t.

known Its oi.e of * b*ua ol lUUiinoui yuuni uiau
earnegtiy eni{i>«ed in Htenury and leitniea pur-

h*rT«et of the fin

J ,

1 1 his mtflfVeH Hn<i actions which have been so'
variously interpreted. ,„....

Public i>entimeot has reooffniied Lord Selkirk
aa worthy of honor. The name of Selkirk has
been in«lelibly fliml in the North- West. The
metMpolitan couuty of Manitoba bears his naniM ;
the eroxsiiiKOl the Red Rixer oy the great Can-
adian PHoiflo Railway has been appropriately
named after the t'oumler of North-Wesr.ern oivi-
lisatiun. Furt Daer, remembered by the Selkirk
reluRees in their first wi'terinK, situated in the
angle of the Hed and Pemoina Rivers, on the
Houth side of the later, bore one of their piitrun'a
ritlei: while in the city of Winnipeg the site U
otill poin ed lut at the base of the i-eninsula nf
Point Douglas, of Kort Dnagla", oommemorativa

Ol the riuilij' MMwtf vi ilio u%*tvuiatat»

D— Port Oibraltai^the Nor'-Wester Fort

C— Site of Fort Douglas.

B— Reputed Fort Rouge (Verandrye 1731-8).

F— Present Fort Garry.

A— Spot where Gov. Semple was killed by Nor'-
>V esters (1816).

G— First ohapel bui't by Roman Catholio mis-
xionarles (1518).

B— First Protestant Church in Rupert's Land,
built 1823.

A SKETCH OF LORD SBLKIKK.

Thomas Douglas— fifth Earl of Selkirk— Baron
Daeraud Shortoleugh, Fellow of the Royal So-
ciety— was born in June, 1771 , and lived an event-
ful life of forty-nine years. The family seat ot St.
Mary's Isle, in Kirkoudbrightsbire, Scotland, at
the mouth of the Dee, on a peninsula formerly
isolated by the sea at every side, and looking out
upon the tjolway Frith— knew him but little in
Ins adventurous career. He was an author, a
patriot, a colonizer, and a philanthrop st. Of a
perfervid race, be was distinguished for enthu-
siastic devotion to his projects. The intrepidity
of the Douglases, the perseverance of the ancient
family of Mar:, and the venturesomeness of the
house of An^us, were all his inheritance by blood
•ies«rnt. Ninetnnn ganaration* hafik, and not lass
than seven hundred years before his time, Theo-
bald, the Fleming— ^he Selkirk ancestor— had
Kcorned the quieter pleasures of home, and gone
In seek his fortunes among the faxon peoples of
old Northumbria, bad bought himself a new home

citriy nhowed the ability and industry of his race.
About ihe age of eighteen he is found pursuing
an academic career in Edinburgh, and there is
known as oi.e of a band of illustrious young men
earnestly engaged in literary and learned pur-
suits. The Club." numbering some nineteen in
all, included umong its members the young Wal-
ter Scott, about the same mm m Selkirk, aa well
as others who a terwards ruse to promiBenoe and
tame. > t is further interesting to uoto the infln-
e ces surrounding the earl' years ot the young
noble in the eo nection ot the House of Selkirk
with the poet Burns at this period. The father
of Thomas Douglas was among those who did
honor to the peaMnt bard, and patronii^ the
spuil"* *l»«»"»" '*""'•"'• r**"' ''»" '*'''"'>1t, ^••" ♦•
remain Ht his seat at St. Mary's Isle. The poet
beinv ssked to say grace on one occasion, ex-
tetniiorited the lines found in hii works and well
known as the

BRLKIBK OBACr.

" Some hae meat and oau a eat,
An, some wad eat that want it ;

But wc hae meat, an' we can eat.
An' sae the Lord be thaaklt."

One of Burns' amusing poems, in whioh the in-
teniiely realistic mind of the poet .mows itself in
an interview between Lord Daer, the brother of
the young Douglits, and Bumn, may bo referred
to. Dugald Stewart, the well known Edinburgh
professor ut moral philosophy, woa spending his
summer near Ayr, in the year 178(f. Among the
other Ku«8t» of the professor wes liord Daer, A
live Lord from such an ancient hiius<9 aa that of
Douglas tilled the plough man-poet'u mind with
tear. Bui the genial and generous intereet found
fn this representative, at lii all of t!ie Vtlkirk
family, disarmed the prsjudice of the poet, and
drew forth encomiums even from so hard a critic.

This wot ye all whom it concerns
I, Rhymer Rubin, alia* Burns,

Ootober twenty-third,
A ne'er to be furg»tten day.
Sae lar I sprochied up the brae,

I dinner'd wi' a Lord.

Yes. wi' a Lord— dutnd out my sh in—
A Lord— a Peer -an Earl's son—

Up higher yet my bonnet.
And sic a L rd^lang Scutch ells twa,
Our Peeritge he o'erfocks them a'

As I look o'er my sonnet.

I sidling shelter'd in a nonk.
An' at His Lordship steal'c a look

Like some portentous omen ;
Except good sense and social gle« I

An' (what surprised nae) modoetr,

I marked nought uncommon.

I watched the symptoms of the great.
The aenile pride, the lordly state,

The arrogant assuming ;
The flent a oride, nae pride nad he.
Nor sauce nor state thitt I could see,

Mair than an honest pluughman.

Then from His Lordship I shall lee jn
Henceforth to meet with unconcern

One rank as weel's another ;
Nae honest worths man need care
'io meet with noble, youthful. Daer,

For he but meets a brother.

Among those who belonged to the Club of
Carruber's Place were some afterwards so well
known, aa William Clark of Eldio, Sir A. Fergu-
son, Lord Abercrombie and David Douglas, after-
wards Lord Re«ton.

For the young nobleman it means much to be
aasociatcd with kindradxpirito such as tliese — of
healthy mind and generous culture Adrene cir-
cumstances, and the desire for distinction gives
stimulus sufficient to the poor and friendless
scholar, but it needs some of the attrition of the
mind, gftined from such surroundings, to give
the young man of family and position motive for
energetic effort. The yonng literateurs met
togetuer in a room in Carruber's Close ,Edin burgh,
off the High Street, and from this resort they often
adjourned to an oyster tavern in the same neigh-
borhood. It speaks well lor the morals of these
young men to find one of them— no less than
Walter Scott himself— delaring about this time
" depend upon it of all vices drinking is the most
incompatible with greatness." Of the warmth
and cordiality of this association we get a glimpse
in the fact that when any member of the club
received a promotion or appointment it was a
rule that ha should give a dinner to his asso-
ciates.

Oh . for the sunny days of yonth aaain I Youth
flres youth to generous rmpulse, and it would have
been strange indeed if hopes and plans and bright
ideas for the regeneration of the world and society
had not found place among th.i diiouwions of the
club.

land cultixate
every workini
•true ed rude
harvest of the
perim«int, ins(
of evil had pn
extent. Five
Prince Edwai
band of 800
the most pnx
island.

In 1805 Loni
matter of a m
British (jover

wbicb be disc
Highlands, sp
moting emtgr
jeots wvre tea
land colony I
Island. So w
oomplished tli
moettdttarop
iiation fcheui
Scotch peer w
and felicity ol
favorable not!
time, Lord J(
which the firs
tioal and pro
various measi
have been eof
witbour. osten
atic. whioh p«
the mo*t pleai
been given to
new eolony."

Bat Mm pud
Selkirk may I
takan by dim
neriloos timei
lien's aims, s
be well gauke
national exigi

Those who
money gettini
for literary pi
SUte ; ii tellii
ing evidence i
the nineteent
anxiety to t
" Europa-sha«
1807 brought I
of thatyaarfa
King of Westi
a humble Oor
by the mights
his gifts, strui
pean Soveroii
owii III I'itsdw
the^Ute. C|
an octavo vol
the matter is
the Edinburg
ileals with tn
the public mi
looking out ii
near Kirkcuc
every day. i
Jones had in
dashed in up<
seat. Peasai
memorating t

Ye'va

Ye've

Ye've
Uewi
Hewi

Heei
He en

Heei

Ande

The plans i
prehenaive ai
a system of n
would be giv«
every able bo
years of age,
ceedingyear
be 25. ^he c
to point out 1
attended this
sians in their
trian- Prussia
sian war sine
plan propose
immediately
that the disti

I»»rn«<r pur- lutrrMt or tbe flnny product of tbe

The ex-

[uitryor bli^mce.

fuund puriuiiiv

^h, and there ii

triouD youug men

knd lenmed par-

Mme nineteen in

I the yuunc Mral>

Selkirk, u well

I prominenoe and

to uote the infla-

.n ot the youne

House of Selkirk

riod. The father

ihoae who did

patrooiiid the

'l '"'♦"»«,. ^'•" ♦•
Isle. The poet

ne oocasioD, ez-

s works and well

11 a eat,

want it ;

oan eiit,
aakit."

ill whieh the in-
9t .mows itself in
r, the brother of
may ho referred
nown Edinburgh
■spending bis

ViW. Amung the
res liord Daer, A
hiiUM as that of
MMt'ki mind with
>us intereet found
of the Ittlkirk

f the poet, and
n so bard a critio.

oerns
ns.

irae,

ny sh in—

Kin —

net,

I ells twa,

em a'

let.

a look
omen;
il glee
•dooty,

>mmon.

the great,
state,

niMi he,
lould see,
[>luugbmant

hallieF.ii
looncern
other ;
ed oare
ul. Daer,
other.

I to tbe Club of
ifterw&rds so well
din, Sir A. Fergu-
rid Douglas, after-

sans much to be
•uoh as tbese— of
ure AdTeri>e oir-

distinotion gives
or and friendless
B attrition of the
Dundingri, to give
}sition motive for
: literateuro met
iClosetEdinburgh,
if resort they often
1 tbe same neigh-
) morals of these
hem— no less than

about this time
nking is the most

Of the warmth
n we get a Rlimpse
iber of the club
Intment it was a
linner to his asso-

ith again 1 Youth
and it would have
1 plans and bright
world and society
iisottssions of the

land cultivated in that veitravuriiged two acres tur
every working hand. Tbe settlers bad also con-
strue ed rude b<iat«, and with the<e secured a
harvest of tbe finny product of tbe sea. The ex •
perimint, instead of toeing a failure, as prophets
of evil had predi ' ' ', had succeeded to tbe highest
extent. Five tl o...«and people in Queen s County,
Prince Edward Island— tbe desceudauts of that
band of 800 pilgrim fathers— itre to-day among
the most proeperons of the inhabitants of the
island.

In 180S Lord Selkirk determined to bring the
matter of a more extensive emigration before the
Uritish Government and nation. This he did in

TP8n?jfli^"£M'tnT'd4r.'{.rS8ft'*'3iii*'«f"\i«

Highlands, spoke strongly of tbe need of pro-
moting emigration ; and to show that his pro-
jects were feasible, gave an account of tbe High-
land eolony taken by him to Pr>noe Edward
Island. So well wns this literary enterprioe ac-
complished tbAt afterwards even one of tbe Earl's
most (dtter opponents in his North- Western colon-
isation vcbeme says :— " I wss delighted to find a
Scotch peer writing with so much intelligence
and felicity of style." Tbe book drew forth mo*t
favorable notices, and the leading critic of the
time, Lord Jeffrey, says: — "The candour with
wbien the first obstacles <re described, the prac-
tical and profound judgment with which the
various measures and nrrangements apptsar to
have been combined^ and that tone of benevolence
witbour, ostentation and yet thoroughly system-
atic, whieh pervades the whole design, renders it
the moot pleasing and u-e ul history that has
been given to the world of the establishment of a
new eolony."

B«t tiie public spirit and generous Mympathv of
Selkirk may be further seen in the warm interest
taksn by him in the welfare of Britain, in the
perilous times through which she was passing,
linen's aims, sympathies, and bant of mind may
be well gauked by the part they play in times of
national exigence.

Those who live for selfish objects— for mere
money getting or pleasure seeking, or even chiefly
for literary pursuits— care little what befals tbe
State ; ii telligent patriotism is an almot unfail'
ing evidence of a large heart. Tbe early part of
the nineteenth century was a time of deepest
anxiety to the British patriot; Napoleon with
" Europe-shadowing wings " was at his height ;
1807 brought his climax of greatness. In August
of that year' he had created bis brother, Jerome,
King of W««tDhalia. The diadem on the brow of
a humble Oorsiean adventurer, and placed there
by the mighty soldier of fortune simply as one ot
his gifts, struck terror to tbe heart of every Euro-
pean Sovereign. England quaked, and oourage-
■ O M< i . i t i ' i.ts dwelt on plans ot defeno*— on saving
the ^tate. Oapt. Bircb. of Royal Engineers, wrote
an octavo volume, and Iiord Selkirk another, and
the matter is so much a mutter of moment that
the Edinburgh Hevieto discusses the books and
(ieals with the subject bulking so largely before
the public mind. To Lord Selkirk as a ooastman,
looking out into Solway and the Dee from his seat
near Kirkcudbright, the question was one of
every day. So insignificant a freebooter as Paul
Jones haid in the days of Selkirk's early childhood
dashed in upon that coast and ravaged the family
seat. Peasant ballads may still be heard com-
memorating that event.

Ye've all heard of Paul Jones,

Have ye not '' H < ve ye no T
Ye've all heard of Paul Jones,

Have ve no?
Ye've all heard of Paul Jones,
Ue was a rogue and a vagabond.
He was a rogue and a vagabond.

Was he no 7

He entered Lord Selkirk's hall.
Did he not ? D d he no ?
He entered Lord Selkirk's hall.

Did he no ?
He entered Lord Selkir'ks hall
And stole the gold and jewels all

Did he no ?

The plans suggested by Lord Selkirk were com-
prehensive and well considered. He would have
a system of militia introduced whereby training
would be given for three months to begin with to
every able bodied young man between 18 and 19
yearsofage, and then three weeks in each suo-
oeedingyear to be spent in camp till the soldiM
be 2S. The critics of the time were able of ooursr
to point out weaknesses, but the success that has
attended this system, as worked out by the Prus-
sians in their overwhelming victories in the Aus-
trian-Prussian war of IWW, and the Frnnoo- Prus-
sian war since, is a favorable commentary on the
plan proposed by Lord Selkirk in 1808, It was
immediately after the publication of this work
fhat the distinguished honor of Fellow uf the

1. Hudson's Bay.

2. Lake Winnipeg (Ouenipique).

3. Like Winnipegoosis.

4. Lake Manitoba.

5. Saskatchewan River.

6. Fort Daer (now Pembina, U.S.)

7. Assiniboine River (or tit. CharlM)«

8. Souris (or bt. Pierre).

9. Missouri "

10. Mississippi "

11. Ijake Superior.

12. York Factory. ^

13. Red River of the North or (Miskouasipi).

Dotted trapesium represents territory acquired
by Lord Selkirk.

The transfer was made deliberately, and the
highest legal authorities in Britain gave their
opinion favorably as to its validity. Whether
their opinion was correct or not is of no conse-
quence for our present pnrpo i. Every step taken
by the projector of the soheoib, which none can
deny was of magnificent proportions, was becom-
ing tbe action of a biRh-minded and honorable-
man -a man, moreover, of enthusiastic puipose-
and brilliant conception. For the present paper
this must suffice. Many a further page must be
written ere we can see his whole career. We have
only reached Mav, ISll. But we have got the
clue to the life of this really great man, and un-
less our judgment is astray, to the proper elucida-
tion of tbe course of the Nor*- West Company. To
do justice to the matter there should bo given the
details of the project, the character ot the wild
land to which the Selkirk colonist!* came, with an
account of their hardtthips and varyirg fortunes.
.There should moreover be considered Lord Sel-
kirk's defence of his people, his long and labor-
ious journey when coming " coute oui eoute "
with nis band of soldiers he saw the land of hi»
colonists. The charges against him should not be
disrecarded, but it may be stnted now that so far
Hs I have been able to judce they arc tbe product
of self-interest and a most thoroughly one-sided
combination in Canada of tradters and public men
—and even clergymen included— to dainage a
philanthropic and self-denying man and thwart
the ends ol oublic justice. The noble Earl disap-
pears from the scene when after " suffering the
slings and arrows of outrageous fortune," beaten
down by litigation, by persecution, and by cal-
umny, he died at Ptiu in the Pyrenees in the year
1S20.

A vote of thanks moved by Consul Taylor
Booonded by Mr. Whitcher, was given thr
writer, and the meeting closed.