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GKOL()(;iCAL SiniVKV OF CANADA 
 
 KOMKKT HHIL, M.I), US. , l.l.H Kits 
 
 (»N TinoNVX roVLVTlS. LKIDV.AM) TIIIONW 
 
 VACANS. (dl'i:. KK().MTIIi:('l!m.\( IIOIS 
 
 HOCKS OF AhllKIITA 
 
 Lawkkxck M. Lamuf., F.U.S., F.R.S.C. 
 
 L 
 
 i> '1 
 
 Ji'/irint'il /'roin llir Su'umtiri/ /ir/un-' /ur l/if i/inr I'.U'l. 
 
 OTTAWA 
 
 I'UINTi;i> \:\ S i: hWVSD.N. I'UINTI'.I! Tm 'I'lll'. KlNirs MOSI 
 
 i;xi;i;i,i,KNi' ma.iksia 
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 r'lfltfj^^yiYSHrn 
 
r^^^MSKffl!3*!&Tc*?t^. 
 
 r^^ 
 
 3 3298 
 
 00024 2330 
 
 ON THIONYN loVKATIS, |.KII)>, AM) TItK.NYX 
 
 VAt;A.\S, (OPK, ni.iM TiiK CHETACKOIS 
 
 KOCKS or A1J!I.1!TA. 
 
 Bv Lauhknci. M. I. 
 
 ( IVit/i /I,,',- /i/„f, ^ ) 
 
 I 
 
 
 I»iir.n- 111,, past suTii.i.er wliiUl eni-aj.,.,!, ,„. I.rl.alf of .1,,' (icolo^-ical 
 •Suiv,.y. in making a cllroti,,,, of v,.rt,.b,aU. nnu-.un. f,„,„ 1 1,.. Creta- 
 ceous of ,he K„d Deer rivor, AILrrta, to su,.,,l.™.,,t tl,.. u,ateriul 
 ol.ta.nr,! ,n tw<. form-.r yars, th,- writer «as forti.nat.. enoui;!. to 
 secure two almost complKe carap/irrs of turtl.-.s, one r,.ft.ial,"le to 
 Trwu//.. /,aratus, L.-idy, tl„. other t(, 7'. n„/,n,s. Cope. I„ the Ue<l 
 Deer river district, referre.i to, tl,.. rcnains of those two sp,.eies are 
 almndant and are foun.l associated with a nu.ulHT of other species of 
 ('heloMia, of which one is Adoros -v„-,„/,«»..,* Cope (.p.). re.narkable 
 Hl.ke for Its s./.e and th.' strikin-ly ru-.jse character of the sculpture 
 of Us shell. The rocks lioldiii- these re.i.ai.is l.elon- to the Ilelly river 
 series of the Uretac-ous l.rackish water .leposits uiiderlyin;,' the Pierre 
 Fox-Hills for.iiation, by which they are separate.] from 'the"still higher 
 Laramie series. 
 
 rriony.,- /orr„(u>.i was originally described in ISf.O by Leidy from 
 small fragments of costal and sternal bonei from the .Judith river 
 l)eds of Nebraska. 
 
 *'''■'"' lilie-ef tlle .\c.-i.l..„iy , ,f .\;,t„r.ll .Sri..,u-es ,,f Fllilml,.l,,|,i,,. vul. XXVIII 
 
 p. 2.),, I,s7ii (CiiH), iinil Ottaw.iNiitiiraH.-t ' ' ' 
 (LaiiiU'). 
 
 I'l. XV. |>. K\, |,l.^tt'> iii, iv. V ,-iiid vi 
 
 +Traiis;icti,,n« of the Am.iiian l'liil..a..i.hi™l Socictv, u,]. XI p 14K j.l .xi fig, 
 1 and 2. Kuinct Wrtehiata from ,1„. .l,„l,tl, nver .a>,i (Jn-.it Llgnif funnat.ons -f 
 
 L— 1 
 
4^ 
 
 Tl.M H.tl D.Mr Mv.r *y.>mn-u ol A /:,r,„n,* .•mi.m-.U of tl... r^ira 
 ,,a.,. i„ «ln.l> tl..- n...l,ul |.I.H- .^ .uivMi.K. without any p.ut of tl..' 
 ,,U,tro„ S.,..n,il i.l.it..-, pn.lMil.ly r..f...«l,l- to tl.i. «,«.,•»•«, wrr- to,.u<l 
 not far .li^laiil, liiit furtlirr raVr^nc- will M..t U- ...a.lr to tl,.-,n li.'.'v 
 
 ■n aiapa. .. < VUu- 1 1. Ii« -i) i" " lit.l.' I-sh than ...... fourth hr..a.l.-r 
 
 than Ion-, .n.l w ..nlv nli-htlv ■■..nv.'X Ttie i>i)iU .<«t.ilH ..f th.- l.-ft 
 Hi.l,. .ir.. pri.ti.ally ^i.tir.., I.ul ih- tir.t riKht -ostul .» wantinK- I'lv.. 
 mniral (.hit.- ar.* ,,r.-K..rv.-.l «.th part of an..ther that lay prin. ifmlly 
 iK-tw.'.. Ih.- li.st . .>tals, It. i...^t.Mioi en.HH'in« U-tween the front 
 inn.T iM.r.l.r- of th.- B.v.md ...-taW. If this n.ural wKr.> «« l.ii.« m 
 
 ,,ro,H,rtion t., .1, l.i..a.lth a phlt.- imnM.lia.ely f..llowinj. .t, .In 
 
 from ii-arKin prol.al.ly rff.'. t.'.l a Mlti.ral union with the r.u.hal plat.-, 
 ttn.l its ...rthn.' was ,.r.-sun,ahly as is shown l.y til.' .loUe<l liiu-s in tlie 
 ti-ur.'' Nrurals two, thr.'.. an.i f..ur nr.' six si<le.i. i>»-ural tiv.- is 
 ohlonu, an.l M.'ural six, ly.n;< l-r the most j-art tH'tw.-.-n tho sixth 
 .MWtals. U .l,i.-hl sliap.'.!, o.iniMH to a point hnhin,!. 'I he s-v.-nth 
 costals ar.. .ulurally unil.-.l at th.-ir innor .'n.!., wtuT.^ they .h^v.-h.p 
 
 a la.-a.l.h sulVui.-nt t.. soparaf ll inhtl, <ostals f.<..n each otli.-r. 
 
 These hitt.r are suhtrianKuhir m shap.-, with three convx si.h-s. 
 The nu.hal plate was evi.lentlv Mnall, a- th.- hiteral tein.inalM.n 
 of the suture („ in the figure) iH'tween it and th« left tirHt costal 
 imlicates a si.ie ext..nsi.,n s.arcely past a point in advance ..f the 
 nihllen^Hh of th.- tirst costal. Small, shallow, r..un(le<i ,lepress...ns 
 mark the surfac of th.' neurals an.l the inner .'n.ls ..f the costals. In 
 the latt.'r as the .listan,-e from the neurals increas.-s, the .lepressions 
 Kradually\'row lai-cr an.l m.-r.' d.-cid.sl, l,eco.ninK often ren.form or 
 oval, an.l fre.,uentlv .-...l.-scinH, until in the distal ends of the costals 
 a few umre ..r l.'ss .'ontinu.ms furn.ws are fonne.l parallel with the 
 outer marsins of the plates. These furrows are ft conspicuous feature 
 in the sculpture: they are not so w.-ll niark^l on the posterior margin 
 of the carapac.>, but they are well dev.'loped near the front edges of 
 the first c.istals. In the neurals an.l inner halves of the costals there 
 is a narrow, s.n.K3th .strip devoid of . ulptuiv borderinK the sutures. 
 The rib heads iire well devel.>p<>d. 
 
 •Sine,, th.. al-.v w.- wr.tt.-i ..•■ ...isplac 1 fn^Knu-nt- liav.- Is-,, ,mI.I.-.1 t.. the 
 
 ,»„..n.,r ...,,1 ..f this carapae.. : th.'V pv.-hI th.- fact that th.' thst ...-talH an. .., r..a.,ty 
 .«.,a,.at...i bv a .livi.l.,! tir.t „..„ral Th.. « r.t.r « ish. s hn .- tu .-vpreHs h,s ,ml.. .t.-,!- 
 ness t„ fr„f.ss„r Oh1«„.„ a„.l Lr. Hay. ,.f th- .\,„..ri..-ii, Mws'.m, ot Nataral H,Ht.,ry 
 f.,rtl,.-loa„.,f th..tvi».of rr„„.,.c ,„./„„, a„.l th.- ..pi-I'm'tythuH atf.„.d..<l h.,„ ..f 
 u,»kin,; a .1,,.. t coaipar.sn,, „f th.. ty,.' »-,th th.. Ri-.l I).-..r s,..c.„„. n. 
 
M.a 
 
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 y ■•"'■..."i'i...f.M,.,,.., „,' „„i„ 
 
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 ""'" M, l„,.„|!l, ..f I ,„,^| 
 
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 'lliiar,.,. ,,| f..Mr|l, ,,..t,,| .,, ,,,,tr.«„.,, 
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 11 ^ M -I roll- j;i'iiii 
 
 /""..'i.V /«'"""-.• "«.n «i„| H.ll.i |;,,ii-l, ( 
 
 I''V' nl,..d tV„m tl„. ,...>i..ri.,r Imit ..f tl,- ,„,;.|,.„-.. I,.. 
 
 '7'*"' ''> "^"»i'»rr,.ria,ln.,.„r of ,|„. .,„| ,„,., Tl,.. „„„,« ,1,- 
 
 ^'■l"l'""-" "» "- -^.■n,h ,„.„.U ,„,„.,| ,„ ,„.. .(..,1 ,„,.., ',„., 
 oaia,,,.,... r..,„lh„« i„ ... ,.e.|u,.,i„„ .,f ,|,.. ,,.|„|, ,„„,. ,„ ,.,.„k ,„hv I,.. 
 -.1. nT,.K„laniy ,.f .,„«tl, of „„ .,,„,i,i,. i„,,„„,^„„,. 
 
 nU.n '■;'-•; tn.,„.Hnuml,..,,,tfrH,.,n..„,-,,f..,,s,...lb.,M.sHn,l,,,.r|,,.p, 
 
 mou,. ..t U... Hi« Morn -iver. M„n,a,„. I,.,,,,, ,,.k,, N„,,,,,u 
 foun.l at tl... la.l two localities l,y Dr. Hay,!..,,, |.a,.r ,n l>7,-, i,,' 
 • Il„. \ .r...l.rata of ,1„. ('r.tH....„us Korniat,,,,,. of ,|,.. \\ >,t ' ,1,.. ^,„.. 
 .i.-cr,,,t.on appears : this ,i„,.. with H.-uns of ,«„ fra.„„.„t.s of .-ostal 
 U-ne. _ UrO. V. Hay, „f ,he An-r,™,, .M..s..,„„ of .Va.ur.l His.orv 
 -New\ork, huskimlly compar..,! part of a ,.os,al plate from tl,.- I!.:j 
 Deer nver with fraK-nents laU-l!.... T. ,„,/.„. 1 v J'rof..ssor ( 'ope in 
 the New York cllectioMs. (.win«toth.. ■nsu.l,c.i,.,„.v of th,. puhlishe.l 
 de.cr.pt.on and figures of this specie-s, th.. writer .omI,! scarcely ,u,|..e 
 whether the Canadian sp,.ci,„ens wer.. or were -ot r..fe, able to T 
 va<jans. hut Dr. J lay w.ites that he thinks they pn.hably are. 
 
 The carapace (Plate TV. hg. „ is l,road,.r than lon«. the breadth 
 e.xceed.ng the length by .nore than one-.ixth and it is onlv n,ode,ately 
 c.onvex^ In outline, as seen from above, it is flat lK>hind with the side, 
 
 •.M„n„K,-.,,l, „f the llr,tl.h i;..,,„I,a „f ,1„. ,.„„,,„„ ,■,,,, ,,,..,■, ,,. ,,.".-,k, ,ah X,Vc 
 + l'.ull..,i„„ftl„.|-„>t..,lSt»t..»(i,.„|„,.„,,|s,„.v,.v„f,|„.T.,,,„„„.,,,,sr,,N„,.. |, ,.;, 
 
curving Ih.ui.Hv !■• tli.' fionl iimri^iii. .il ili. .■.•htr.( <>( wliirh llirr i 
 
 •Ii.iIImw r.Ki.iiMty '||[.> .li.ll |ii..truil.-. wliPif tli«' iiK- |.a.^ .Miiwiird 
 tniiii Uii.-iitli, .MMsini; tlin liil.-nil iimi-iii Ik Im' «iiiii..ii-, lli.' -.iiiiiomt v 
 Uiii.' iii.-'t iii;iik.-.l l..«,ii.l 111.' Ironi III III'' lirit, m.mm.I hikI tliii.l piirt 
 of ,i.-l,il yhili-- «>t 111!' ••ulit p.iir- 'if r.i.liil-.. tlif lir'.f .•.«liil^ .if ill" 
 hiiMil.".! Ill Ihf inn. r PI1.1-, wliil-l lli.'liflli me llit. l.r.iiKl.>il "li>liilly 
 Til.' Hi'Miilli ...-t.il~ in .Mi.iii. ly iiaiTinv tlii..uj,'li.nit lli.'ir |.'niit|i mil 
 III.' .1^1.1 1, p.iir i~ w.'ll >!.■ .'I<i|>."l I'll.' Ill -I .-.wl lis iii.T.'iVM' in l.|. ..Ilh 
 iiitlii'i- Miil.l.'iilv it tli.'ir "ii'''- ''I'l- '""' I"''' '••punilt'il liy a ilivi.l.'il lirnt 
 n.iii il I'lal. Til.' n. uml- :.m.i'In 'H) .l.. i.ms.' hi I.i.hiJiIi In I'.i.' lifili. lln'" 
 «i,|..U.in-n..t s'ln.'iiily p.ii;ill.l I., .'.i. Ii i.ili. r v- iIm.h.- ..f ili.- .■..rrf-.p.m.l 
 
 inu |,l,it,.. Ml T < '' "• 'I'll' ^"\'li ■""' I""' II'-'"''' is ^'Ty """ '' "'lui"! 
 
 Ill M/.' in.l I- iii.uiiliiilv ..vil III oiiilin.- of til.' [.iiitruiliiiL! ril.cei.U, 
 all til" -ix '"' tl"- '"••• "^i'''" ""'■'■ - ' I'l'-'l. I" 'I '"I'" ■"'""' "' I'l.sinali.iii, 
 .xo'l'l 111.' ..II. I.<'l<.ii«iii« I" III'- ti'-l ''wt'il ""■! II »i's..l.l .in.'il in |.urt. 
 Til.' rilili.'.i.ls at.' «'■ 1 'I.M'li.|.'.l In tin- lifili «', I lie nil. Iml )il:it'' i'« 
 r, |,i, „'iii.<l 'i» .'III HI' I M til.' .;iia(.ai'.- iiMiJ. r .'..nsLI'THtlnn, lli.' ..nlriil 
 
 i,nil ..niv ..I' Ili'- i""'''>' I'''''"'- '■"'■'"'"'-'""" ^'"' i"'"''^'" '" ''■""' '" 
 ll„. Mil II..- I..I.MI.I, «MN (...III. I, l.iit f.M-iiumlcly III.' I'-t't fii.i ..f :i nii'.-lial, 
 iif :in.itli. r iii.livi.lii.il ..I siiMil.r i/", sli.iwili- lli.' I.'fl fi.'iH maiKinanil 
 tl,,' .iiuii. l..'tw..'n III.' I'l.il.- an. I lli- lirM .-..stal witli |,ail.if ill.' hill.-r 
 Kiilieii'nt, Mil'i'liu'l 111.' .1. Ii. i.-M'-\ Til.' -.■iilplur.. .-.msisH ..f a ii.'tw.,rk 
 .if naimw liilut"- i.iinifyinL' an. I in..s.'\ilatiiiK s,, ,is I., .'ri.liisi. ■^iiiall, 
 
 siMiU. 11 an':.- ..f irieaill.ii- sli.i|..' an.! hi/.-. iIu' iir I'-inu' -.'cn-'ially wi.U'i- 
 
 llian 111.' i-iil«''- III" li|-<.a.l. Till' fm|U.'iit .'..nllupnc' .if a vaiyinj,' 
 „unilHi-..f ar-f:, i.-'iill- 111 i 111.11.' "l"-n pal t.Tn, tht; li'li;.-" al limes 
 sli.'win;,' a tfii.l.'n.y ii> run in paialU-l liiii's. The srulptui.' is n..t so 
 (li'-lin. Ily .l<-tiiiP<l ii.-ai- tli.' si.le.s .if the I'lii-apa.-.- as il is i.,waril aii.l at 
 til" .-.•iitr.' ami aiiK'ridrly, Iml in the liinilei pail it is m.ir" il.'i'i.ie.lly 
 niU'is... th'- li.lg.'s lit'inu li.-n- liiilli.-r anil the encl.-s.'.l arci.' lar;.'iT, 
 N.'ar the inlei.-.istal sutures, iiioin pai li.uiurly in llit) inner halv.'s nf 
 th.' <-..-ial lioiu's, th" siulptur.' i.s partially etUcii anil .'.msi.stsf .if low, 
 ,M,..ily .ietine.1 par.ill.-l riiii:.'.s at ri-lit angles t... the sutun's, f.jrminK 
 a(Ji-tiiictl)or<l.'r, with a niaximuni lirca.ill. ..f aUiul ■•') i-cntim.'t.'ts. A 
 siii.K.th hord.'r, linwule-,! at tiie sides .if the .arapive.' and iiftrmwcst in 
 fnint, exteiKJs al.1113 the wh..l. .if th.' p-ripheial edi;e. 
 
 As r.'«anis a .li\ i.i"d llrst neural in species <.f tliis genus, il is interest- 
 ing to note that Lydekker in .l.-scribinn T. melilenxis, from the Mi.-cene 
 of^Malta, in ISIU (t^uarterly .louiniU of the Ueohigi.'al .Society, vol. 
 XF.VII. p 'M. tl'_'. 1) mi>nlions the ..rcurrence in the Miocene species 
 of a , In id.. I lir^t neural ;iii<l remarks (,,. 37) that 'all the f<j.ssil .species 
 
Iiitlinrio il.'Hi.iilx'<l, 'ti wliii'li ilic cnlirp ciirnpucc is known, ftgrti' witli 
 llif niiriiial ly|M' iii liininu '"" '» ^nixlr Imu nrurtil IhiIwci-ii tlm lir«t 
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