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Tous les autres exemplaires originaux sont film^s en commenpant par la premidre pago qui comporte une empreinte d'impression ou d'illustration et en terminant par la dernidre page qui comporte une telle empreinte. Un des symboles suivants apparaitra sur la dernidre image de cheque microfiche, selon Ie cas: Ie symbole — ^> signifie "A SUIVRE ", Ie symbole V signifie "FIN". Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent dtre film6s d des taux de reduction diff^rents. Lorsque Ie document est trop grand pour etre reproduit en un seul clich6, il est filrn^ d partir de Tangle sup6rieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant Ie nombre d'images nicessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 •fCAN PRINTEI 7( §• ..f p o e K E T r- l5>EXleo^l 4^ OF .^Canadian ••• Freemasonry, -f By W. J. MORRIS, /'. D. D. G. M., ^t. Laurence Distrid. '••- V^ERTII I PRINTED AT THE COURIER OFFICE, BY WALKER BROTHERS. 1889. t' ' Am r> Entered according to Act of Parlimnent in the year 188!», by W. .1. Mouuis. in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture. J Zo tbe noasone of Cana^a, <^(m n.any years past there has heeu felt the want of a If sn.all and reliable iV/./.so.,/c iW'ef (hmpo'uon, which ^3 ,v<.uia enable any intelligent Mas<.n to address his brethren on Masonic history, etc., with the contidence that in the hiformation obtained no innovation is admit- ted, and purely - York W<,rk " is strictly -^^-^-^^ Wi^h this view 1 have compiled the present A L C ot Freemasonry, in the same style as the Lexicons of ( )liver Mackey and Macoy, but as these are both expensive, and have a great part of the book . ^ken up with the so-called hi.her degrees, which are of little interest to the majority of Masons, I now appeal to my brethren to show their interest ii a purely Canadian work, conlined to the hree decrees of Antient Masonry, by members of each lodge securing a reasonable nun.ber of copies, as the price is made so low as to place it within the reach of all. In the contidence that the brethren will show their de- sire to forward the attempt I have made to beneht Cana- dian Masonry, I subscribe myself. Yours faithfully and fraternally, W. J. MORRIS, P. D. v. G. 3i., i^t. Lawreitce District. Perth, Amjnst, ISSIK POCKET LEXICON —OK— CANADIAN FREEMASONRY. ABIF. A Hebrew word signifying " liis father." The word ab, or father, was fro([iiently used by the ancient Jews as a title of honour, It is thus used in 2nd Chronicles, cli. iv., verse 10, where we are t<»ld "the pots also and the shovels, and the flesh hooks and all their instru- ments, did Hurani his father make to King Solomon," ABSENCE. In the antient charges, the regular attendance of each brother is insisted uj)on, in the following rule Avhich is still continued in the Constitution : "That no Master or Fellow coukl be absent frr)m the lodge, es])ecially when warned to ap])ear at it, without incurring a severe cen- sure, until it ai)peared to the Master and Wardens that pure necessity hindered him." ACACIA. The name of an evergreen plant or shrub which grows in abundance in tha vicinity of Jerusalem. Its ap»j)lica- tion to Freemasonry is well known to all Master Masons. ACCEPTED. The Craft use this word as the ecjuivalent of "initia- ted." It alludes to the time when the great majority of Freemasons were Operatives, and who occasionally ac- cepted non-operatives into the Society. For instance, in the regulations made on St. John's day, 1G63, the Canadian Freemasonry . 7 Earl <»f St. All)jins l)eing Oraiid Master, it was decided "n(» person hereafter, \vln» shall be accepted a Free- mason, shall l)e Jidniitted into any lod.jj;e or asseinl)ly, until he has brought a certiticate of the time and j)lace of his accei)tation from the lodge that accejtted him, unto the Master t)f that limit or divisicm where such lodge is kei)t." ADMISSION. To be admitted into the Masonic Cr.ift, the applicant must be free born, of at least twenty-one years of age, in possession of his full senses, free from any physical defect, of irre})roa,chable manners, or, as commonly stated, "under the tongue of goro[>er form of the <'ilt;ir should l»u ;i cuhu ubout three feet in heijjfht, and hiivinj,' ))luced upon it, the ojten liible, S(iu;ire and Coiiii>jisses, while around it in trian<,'ular form are i)laced the three lesser linly de- t. John sr 27th, ic Crnft. >vritten, ir, little j of any reniod- ti all its various , This Grand 3 lodge lent of Grand Lodge. Tliore is no appeal in tlie lodge fmni the de- cision of tlie Master, wiio is absolute. APPTIKNTICE. The entered apitrcntiet' is tlie first reserve tlieir garments from spot or stain ; ))ut we assjteculative Masons use it for a more noble ))urpose. P»y the white- ness of the colour and the innocence of the animal fronj which it is obtained we are admcmished to preserve that blameless purity of life and conduct, which will enable us to present ourselves before the Great Architect of the Universe, unstained with sin and unsullied by vice. ASHLAR. Speculative Masons use the ashlar in two forms : one rough, just as it came from the (|uarry, representing Man in his ignorant, uncultivated state ; and the other, finely finished and ready ff)r its place in the building, represents Man, educated and refined. ASSEMBLY. Previous to the organization of Grand Lodges in their present form, the annual meetings of the Craftsmen were so called. ATHEIST. One who does not believe in a God, Masons, looking at the dangerous tendency of such a tenet, have always refused to admit in the craft any atheist ; and every initiate is required publicly and solemnly to declare his trust in God. 10 J'ockef Lexicon of BALLOT. Ill tlie oluctioii of ciiiiilidjiti'.s, lod^'o.s use white and Id.iuk hulls, and no pur.son "can hu udniittud a niond)er ((fa jn'ivate lodlaek hall, undei- theii' hy-lavvs, is sullicient to exclude, hut in any case shouM two be found the a[)|ilicant nnist be rrfujieil. This rule is sometimes thought by young Masons to be severe, but it is one of our Jintient rules, handed down for a long period, for, as the antient con- stitutions say, " the nieud)ers of a particular lodge are the best judges of it, and if a turbulent member were imposed on them, it might spoil the harmony or hinder the freedom of their conununications, and even break and disjierse the lodge, which ought to y)e avoided by all the true and faithful." '" Ik'fore declaring the result of the ballot, the ballot-box shall bo placed on the altar f(;r examination by any member of the lodge, and the result having once been sitiun. BLUE. Tliis i.s till? iir(i|ior nilour of tlio antieiit t'iiM4 t-ni- bleiiiatic of fri«Mi(lshii> and rliarity, teaching us that in the tiiiiul of a Mason tliesu virtiu's shall be co-cxtensive with the hluc vault of heaven. liOAZ. The name of the left-hand ])illar vhich stood at the entrance of the i)orcli of King Solomon's Temple. The meanin*^ of the vord, which is Hebrew, is "in streiiiith.' — See further on undc the headiuL,' "Pillars of the Porch." BoHZ. or Booz, i-; also givon in " Crudens C(»n- cordance " as meaning " in strength," or *' in the goat " — the latter evidently ■' ^ ."erring to the "goat " as the crest of the House of David — B 'a:'., the great graml father of David, Ix'ing mentioned \v Kuth. 'Jndchajt., and further on, which see. This jirobably is the origin of all the foolish stories of the "goat " in connection with Masonic lodges, being a faint tradition <»f tbf? emlilenis of David, aiui therefore an additional evidence of tiie aniiijuity of the craft. BONE or BONEH. This is a Hebrew word, which it is said, it is next to impossible for an English-speaking man to sound correctly, owing to the guttural termination. The mean- ing of the word is "Builder." It was S})ecially ap- ])lied to Hiram Abif, who was chief builder at the con- struction of King Solomtm's Temple. BOOK OF CONSTITUTION Is the work that contains the rules and regulations of the Order as decided by Grand Lodge. It also contains accounts of the rights of lodges and members, and de- tails of ceremonies, such as funerals, consecrations, in- ut. 12 Pocket Lexicon of stallations. tto. Tlic earliest recoiu we luivj (»f such a wurk, is a manuscript written in tlie reign of Edward IV., whic!i states that Prince Edwin asseuil)led the Mas"ns at Yi>rk in 1>l'0. and then formed the English Masiiiiic C(insritutiiini>:, from tlie written (h)cuments in various languages, which were then submitted. These C •iistiruri- »ns c>»ntinued untler tlie name <»f the "(ilothic Constitutions, " to govern the Craft until the revival of Ma-oi.iy ahout ITl-"), when, probably from careless co|)\ iu'j^^. ,iiid perhaj).^ ii^norauce. they were found to ])e very def -ttive, and in 17-1 the Duke of Montague, who was at that time (iiand Master, ordered Bro. James Andei'son to "revi.se and digest them in a better method." This having Iteen done, the same year, in Dectinlicr, fwuitcen learned Vtretlnen were ap})ointed a connnittee to t.'xannne the result of his labours, and the followinii March his work was, with some tritlin, entitled "The Book of C(tnstitutions of the Freemason.s, containing the History, Charges. Regula- tions, etc., of the Most Ancient and Right \Vorshi))ful Fraternity, for the use »»f the Lodges." Another edition was issued in 1738, and again in 1754 and 17ermitted to be held, (the four old Lodges alone excepted), unless by authority of a charter grante.l by Canadian Frceniasonr\ . 13 the (ircuul Master, with the consent and jqijiroliation of Grand Lodge." In this way the ohi IMasdns in London transferred all their own inlx-rent ])rivileges as individ- ual Masons to the four Lodges, in trust, that tlicy would never sutler the antient land-marks to l»e infringed. ( )n the (jther hand these L(»dges agreed to recognize every Lodge which should henceforth he regularly constituted, and to adniit the Masters and Wardens to all iiri\ilfges of Grand Lodge. ])recedencf oi,]y excepted. Fnuling, however, that the Craft was ra; idly spreading : new Lodges grttwing uj) in all direcHoii.s, it whs a cause of alarm lest the four old Lodues should losu their snucial ])rivileges which th \y had been given, and on this ac- count, a Code was prepared, with the consent of all the brethren, for the future government of the Order. To this was ainiexed the regulation, binding the (Jrand Master and his successors, antl the Master of ever}' Lodge to preserve these regulations inviola le, and or- dering theui to be read in ()j)en Lodge at least once in each year. These are end)odied in the " Look f the Lodge." BROKEN COLUISIN. Is emblematic of the chief sujjporter of the Craft, who fell before his work was (juite com[)lete. BROTHER. The term used by Freemasons to each other as no^ only professing faith in the same Deity, but being cov enanted to each other in the most solemn manner. CABLE TOW. Is well known to all Masons. It is sometimes refer- red to : Hosea xi., 4 : "I drew them with cords <»f a man, with bands of love." The ordinary meaning, how- ever, is well understood by all brethren. 14 Pocket Lexicofi of CANDIDATE. This w^nl i-s derived from the Latin, when in antient times a man wjught office, he dressed in a white robe (f(,i\n the Centre, because all being of equal rank, none are nearer or farther from the Centre than the others, while in Fellow Craft or Apprentice Lodge.s, thi.s is necesjiarily not the case. CHARGES. Many old records had been preserved amongst the English Didges. containing the regulations of the Craft, when the Gmnd Master of England, the Duke of Montague, under instructicms of Grand Lt>dge, ordered that they should be collected, and, after being thor- oughly examined, be annexed to the Book of Constitu- tioTia, at that time being pre})ared by Bro. James An- derson. This was done, and the resulting document — " The old charges of the Free and Accepted Masons " — is found in all works of Constitution, and is universal- ly received as [»art of the law of the Craft. CHARITY. It is one of the boasts of the Masonic body, that in its truest sense, it inculcates charity, and by this is not meant merely aiding the poor with gifts or money. I H Canadian Freemason?'v 15 n antient hite robe idea that tesselat- chart to litiation, I." declared il rank, :han the Lodges, igst the e Craft, )uke oJF ordered g thor- onstitu- les An- ciiment as(jns " iversal- that in this is noney. It is more that a true Mason will endeavor to hide a brother's failings and faults ; — will he slow t(» anger and (juick to forgive, not merely tliose who are mem- bers of this particular Lodge, but all who are found in our ranks, no matter in what country they may be found. For it is the pride « if cmr ( >rder that a worthy Mason, poor and destitute, or sick and helpless, will find a friend in every brother and a In »me in every land. CHISEL. Is one of the working tools i>f an entered Apprentice, who is emblematically instructed in its use for the im- provement of mind and character. CIRCUMNAMBULATION. A procession around the Altar, always formed a prominent ] art, in all the antient religi* >ns. At such times, the course followed was that of the Sun, and was usually rei)eated three times. CLANDESTINE. Illegal. A body of Masons meeting as a Lodge, and carrying on work as such, without the consent of Grand Lodge, is called a "Clandestine Lodge," and all regular Masons, are forbidden to associate with or con^-'^rse on Mas(mic subjects, with " Clandestine Masy-hiws ; to hold a Lodge of instruction to confer a hii^her y connnond of the Master, with consent of the brethren, who have ex- pressed their consent by open vote in Lodge. FIVE POINTS OF FELLOWSHIP Are specially inculcated by the master in a most im- pressive manner, so that a Mason who has once passed through this ceremony can scarcely fail to remember his duty, and is not to halt but to press on to the aid of his brethren. He also will remember when performing his devotions to the Almighty, to consider his l)rother's wel- fare as well as his own. Also never to betray the con- fidence that a brother Mason has reposed in him, and if he knows of a brother being in distress he will offer him the hand of kindness, and endeavor to prevent him falling into despair, and finally knowing of a brother's faults will kindly remonstrate with him and endeavor to reclaim him, and at the same time knowing he is but human, will throw over him the veil of Ma- sonic Charity, and strive to prevent his failing become the gibe of the profane. FORM OF THE LODGE. The form of a lodge is said to be an oblong square, with its greatest length from East to West and its breadth from North to South. ^1 I' ■7 -» I Pocket Lexicon of FORTY SlOVKNTIl I'llOBLEM. Tho 47tli problem <»f tlio Lst book of Kiicb'd h;i,s boon adoptod !is tlu! jowol of ;i Past Master. This [)robk;m, from its great iitiHty in m ikiiig ca eulalion.s, and (bviw- ing.H fo:; lnu](Uii'^H, is in Eiii^l and called the ' c i.rp .mters' pr.>l)lem." FRRE-IJORN. Ry the reijuit'emeiit of onr constitutions ev(»ry can- didate for a buission into Masonry must be "free-born." Till' meanin'4 of this is eviilently that as a mutual con- tract has to be entered into, the applicant nuist be master of his own will and actions. FREEMASON. Ori'^intlly the term "free" mean*" that the person so styled was free of the com[)any of incor[)orated .Masftns. Such corp )rations still exist in Euro[)e, and as a matter of honor, distiiiL^iiished men are frequently madt; "free" of one corporation or another. It is probable that the origin of the name was in the tenth century when the Pope inc'U'porated the Free Masons. FREEMASONRY Is described as "a beautiful system of Morality, veiled ia allegory, and illustrated by symbols." FUNERALS. No one but a Master Mason can be buried with the funeral honours of Masonry, and even then, only in compliance with certain unalteralde restrictions. No brother can be interred with the formalities of tho craft except by his own re(iuest, preferred, while living, to some member of his lodge, strangers and the higher officers of the order, alone excepted. The instructions for conducting funerals will be found in the Book of Constitution. FURNITURE OF THE LODGE. A well-regulated lodge must contain a Bible, sc^uare Canadian J'neni.hscnn. ^3 find citmpHssu.s, which ;u'c callod tliu Fiirnit luc. Oliver iUiistivitx's tlijui as follows: — 'Thu liihlo is said to (k'livc from (iod to iiiaii in L,'ciiuial, he'caiisc the Al- inii^htv has bocn pleased to ivvual luoi'o of His will l»y that holy book, tliaii l)y any other means. The Com- passes, beinjj; tlieehiof instrinnent, used in the construc- tion of architecture and plans, arc; assii^neil to the Grand Master, in }>a!'tieular, as eiidilems of his diL,'nity, he l)ein^' the i;'!ad and ruler or the (^r.ifi. The Square is i^iven to tlie v.liole Masonic V)ody, because we are all oblii^'ated within it, and are conse(iuently boiuid to act thereon." (lAVEL. The conunon gavel is one of the working tools of an E. A. It is used by ody, wliich was in '.)2<), and froiM this last "Asseniblie," the real rise of IMasonry is generally dated, as it was then and at that time the laws were enaeted from which are derived the English Constitu- tions, and in turn, from them have all others been derived, and in eonse<|uenee the tliree Hi'st degre"S, and York being the j)lace of meeting. Antient ^ as<>nry is (irdiiiarily called the "Antient York Kite," all (»ther degrees being comparatively m(»dern, and though fre- (pjently clever, are mere ex'^ensions and exemplitications of tluise degrees. For a long i)erio(l "Yurk Assend)ly" ruled all over Eng"land, but in 15H7, in the Southern section the Masons elected Sir Th(»mas (Jresham, a celebrated merchmt, as their (Jrand Master, anrobation of the Grand Lodge in communication, and that without said warrant no lodge shall be hereafter deemed regular or constitu- tional." The four old lodges had, however, as a com- pliment to them, granted the privileges they always possessed under the old regime, and it was decided that "no law, rule or regulation, to be hereafter passed in Grand Lodge, should ever deprive them of such priv- ileges, (such as meeting without a warrant, and also raising Masons t(j the third degree, a power which for a long time was only exercised by the Grand Master,) nor to encroach on any landmark, which was at that time established as the standard of Masonic Govern- ment. The two Grand Lodges of York and London, were on friendly terms, till 1725, when the latter body granted a warrant to some Masons who had seceded from York. This certainly unn^asonic act was sternly condennied by York, and was the first break in the harmony whic^ had so long lasted, and some years later i Canadian Freemasonry. 27 ge,) cm., om- lled :iu?il ,ster the ore, ibly !ted of (Ige was followed by another action which can hardly be justified, for in 1725 Earl Crawford, who was then Grand Master of England, granted charters to two lodges in the York jurisdiction without its consent, and also granted deputatictns to Lancashire, Northumber- land and Durham, l^reston says, "This the Clrand Lodge at York resented, and ever after viewed the ])roceedings of the brethren in the south with an un- friendly eye. All intercourse ceased, and the York Masons from that moment considered their interests distinct fnnn the Masons under the Grand Lodge in London." Again in 1738 a number of brethren who were dissatisfied with the Grand Lodge of England, seceded, and held unauthorized meetings for the })urpose of conferring degrees, and taking advantage of the breach between York and London they called them- selves "York Masons,'' and later on when Grand Lodge threatened them, they adopted the term of "Antient York Masons," and announced that they alone had i>re- served the "antient and honoured customs," and that all others are mere moderns. In 1739 they established a new Grand Lodge called the "Grand Lodge of Antient York Masons," and apj)ointed the usual annual c(jm- municationa and feasts. Shortly after this they were recognised by the Masons of Scotland and Ireland, and many members of the nobility entered their ranks. These separate bodies continued to exist, and to carry their schemes into foreign countries, even North Am- erica, until the year 1813, when under the Grand Mastership of the Duke of Sussex, grand-uncle of the present Grand Master of England, the Prince of Wales, they were happily united, we trust to end forever these vain attempts to split up a society which is older than any other known to man. In Scotland we cannot trace the order back quite as far as in England, but whoever were the architects who built the Abbey of Kilwinning, they are generally credited with having introduced the craft. There is no doubt but that several assemblies were held at Kilwinning with reference to the govern- u< J"; 28 4' Pocket Lexicon of ment ower which is vested in the Grand Lodge, by which it is invested with the authority of being the sole judge and exponent of the antient usages and landmarks of the craft, is based upon the funda- mental laws of Masonry, as well as upon good sense and Ca?iadiiin Fr€emasony\ 29 ex]ie(liency. For without such a governiug ])ower, so widely extended a body as the Masonic craft, »vould soon split up and be reduced to complete ruin. Accord- ing to the Antient Charges, the >: aster of every Lodge is called upon before his installati<»n, to assent to the following j)ropositions : "You agree to hold in vener- ation, the original rulers and puU'ons of Freemasonry, and their regular successors, supreme and subordinate, according to their stations ; and to submit to the awards and resolutions of your brethren in (Jrand Lodge con- vened, in every case consistent with the constitutions of the order. You ])romise to \y.\\ homage to the (hand Master for the time being, and to his othcers when duly installed, and strictly to conform to every edict of Grand Lodge," GRAND MASTER. The highest ofhcer of the Masonic b idy, to whom is entrusted the execution of important duties, and being invested with extensive powers, should always be selected as one noted for his social standing, virtue and learning. The (irand Master has the right to visit, and ]>reside"in every lodge, and ins})ect the books and mode of work, as often as he chooses, and should he not be able personally to be present, may depute any of his grand officers to act for him. Full details of the ])owers of the Grand Master will be found in the work of Con- stitution. IIAH. A Hebrew word meaning "the." HALE, HAIL or HELE. This purely Masonic word, pronounced "Hale" is de- rived from the Anglo Saxon, and conveys the idea of "to conceal, as if by drawing a curtain, so as to sepa- rate from the outside world." HEAL. A Mason who has received the degrees in a clandes- 'U 30 Pocket lexicon of tine Lodge, or in an irregular manner, cannot visit a Lodge, or be recognized as a Mason, until he has been "Healed" by dispensation granted to some regular Lodge, by the Grand Master for that purpose. HIRAM KING OF TYRE. A contemporary of King Solomen, who supplied him with timber, stone and artizans, at the time of the building of the Temple. HIRAM THE BUILDER. A celebrated architect, who was sent by the King of Tyre to Solomon, to supeiintend the building of the Temple. Reference to the Bible will give fuller inform- ation about him. Hiram, the king, calls him "Hiram abi," that is "Hiram my father," which is evidence that he was in high favour at the Tyrian Court, for the title of "Abi" or "Father" was conferred by the old Hebrews as a mark of the highest dignity. HONOURS, GRAND. These are peculiar acts and gestures used by Masons, to express homage, joy or grief on memorable occasions. They are of two kinds. Private and Public — the Private Grand Honours cannot be described here, as they can only be used in a Master Mason's Lodge, and are well known to Master Masons. The Public Grand Honours are given on all public occasions, such as laying found- ation stones, funerals, &c. They are given in the fol- lowing manner : Both arms are crossed on the breast, the left uj^permost, and the open palms of the hands, sharply striking the shoulders, they are then raised above the head, the palms striking each other, and then made smartly to fall upon the thighs, thus making nine concussions in all, which is commonly said to be "by three times three." INFORMATION LAWFUL. One mode of recognizing a strange brother is by "Law- Canadia?i Freemasonry 31 1 ful Information" of a third party. ISo brother should give such information, unless he has actually proved the brother, by the strictest trial, or has sat in Lodge with him, and then should state in what degree the Lodge was working, when he met him. INITIATION. The term applied to the reception (jf candidates m the first degree of Freemasonry. It is derived from the Latin word "initia," which signifies the first principles of science. INNOVATIONS. Nothing offends the true Mason more than any at- tempt to alter the antient usages of the tratt. Owing to this conservative principle it is th.-.t Masonry, in spite of many attempts at various times by our zealous breth.^a, to alter, or as they thought improve it, stM it remains now u^tchanged, as it has always been. INSTALLATION. The officers of a Lodge, before they can discharge the duties of their office, must be properly installed, the instructions for which ceremonies will be found m the work of Constitution. IONIC ORDER. , T^ • The third of the Orders, more graceful than the Doric and more majestic than the Corinthian, is considered the type of the Column of Wisdom, and therefore it is supposed to stand in the E. JACHIN. ■ ^ . The name of the right hand pillar that stood at tiie entrance to the porch of King Solomon's Temple. This word is derived from two Hebrew words Jah bod, and "Jachin" "will establish." It therefore means "God will establish." H ;? mr, f I ¥ ■ 32 Pocket Lexicon of JEWELS. Every Lodge has six Jewels, three movable and three imniovablo. The nu vable Jewels are so called becai.se they may be [)laced in various parts of the Lodge, and are the rough ashlar, and the trestle board. The im- movable Jewels are the Square, Level and Phnnb. They are so called, as the Scjuare is appropriate to the East, the Level to the West, and the Plumb to the South, where they must always be found. The term Jewel is also api)lied to the Badges worn by the Lodge ofticers as distinctive emblems of their various position^,. LAND MARKS. This term is derived from the antient custom of mark- ing the boundaries of lands with stone pillars, and Free- mas(ms call these i)eculiar marks of distinction, whereby they are distinguished from non- Masons, landmarks such as the "universal language," and the "universal laws of Masonry ;" but not so the local rules and usages, which may and do vary in different countries and under various Grand Lodges. LANGUAGE, UNIVERSAL. It is the boast of Freemasons that they possess a lan- guage which men of all races can understand. LAWS. Masonry has two laws, one universal, the other local. The first are those that have been handed down from time immemorial and the other the local laws })assed by Grand and private Lodges, for the government of their own members. LEGEND Is a traditional tale, which though probably based on truth, has been handed downfor longperiods, and inconse- quence, is more or less invested with doubtful additions. AH countries and all religions have had, and still have their Legends, and in the antient mysteries there al- iswmm\ Canadian Freemasonry. 33 1 ways was a Legend which was made the basis of their symbolical instructions. In the same way the Masonic Craft has its legends and allegorical references, many ot which are founded on fact, and others are derived througli Jewish sources, and are only endowed witli a certain amount of probability, such, form stance as ''the Le^'end" of the Master's degree, which it is utter- ly im])os1ible, at this period of time, to prove to V,e true, but, Jit the same time, has a very probable basis. In this work it would be proper to say no more, as every Mason can understand. LEVEL, The emblem of the senior Warden, is the emblem ot equality, which presides on the iioor of the Lodge as m siiht of God, who is above all, men are all equal. At the same time it should be remembered that while m Lod?e, all are equal, prince and peasant, still, as soon as Lodge is closed all are expected to resume their or- dinary station in society, and each to show that respect that is due from an inferior to one m a more exalted position. This is the meaning of "we meet on the level, and part on the square." LIGHT. Masons should ever remember that they were brought out of darkness into light, and should so act that their good works be seen of all men, and the great Fountain of Light be truly glorified. LODGE. The room or place where a reguUrly constituted number of Masons assemble, is so called. This term is also applied to the body of Masons assembled for purposes connected with the institution. A Lodge is defined in York work as an "assembly of Masons, just, perfect and regular, who are met together to expatiate on the mysteries of the Order," just, because it contains the volume of the sacred law, unfolded ; perfect, from i\ A 34 Pocket Lexicon of its numbers, all the three degrees being represented ; and regular, from its warrant of constitution, which implies the sanction of the Grand Master for the country where the Lodge is held. Under the head, Grand Lodges, I have already explained, that formerly each Lodge was independent as until the organization of the Grand Lodge in London in 1717 whenever and wherever a sufficient number of .VTasons found it convenient to meet, they did so, conferred degrees, &c., but since the date mentioned it has been held, the world v)ver, that ''with- out a warrant of constitution," any meeting is irregular and clandestine. Under the old system, the rule was, and still is, modified as I have stated, "three rule the Lodge, five hold the Lodge, and seven or more make it perfect" — that is the Master and his Wardens rule. Two Craftsmen added to the former enable the Lodge to be held, while if you add two or more apprentices, the Masonic circle is complete, all degrees being repre- sented, and the Lodge is therefore perfect. MAC. A corruption of a Hebrew word which means "is smit- ten," from the word "Nacha" "to smite." It is also said to be derived from the word "Mak" or "rotten," and would therefore, as used, cimvey the idea "is rot- ten." "MAH." A Hebrew pronoun which means " what." MAKE. A very old English term used by Freemasons in the the same sense to " initiate. " MASTER MASON. The third degree in Antient York Masonry, and re- ' cognized the wide world over. Only from this degree are the officers of a Lodge chosen, and under the old regulations, " only the Master Mason could vote in \ % land flies lere ki as nd r ft et, fite th- lar as, Ihe Jit le. ige es. Ca7tadia?i Freemasonry. 35 1 Lodge, while the F. C. was allowed to speak, but not vote, and the E. A. P. was allowed to be present, but neither speak nor vote, but listen and learn from the experience ot his elders. " MASTER OF THE LODGE Is the chief officer of a Lodge, and is styled " The Worshipful Master." Tiie Master' s power in his Lodye is absolute. He is the sole decider of all (piestions of order, so far as the meeting is concerned, nor can any appeal be made from his decision, to the Lodge. He is only accountable to Grand Lodge, and any complaint against the Master must be made to that body. The Master is like the Wardens, elected annually, and holds office till his successor has been elected and installed. The Master must, before his election, have served as a Warden in some regular Lodge, except in case of a new Lodge, "in which case it is the prerogative of Grand Lodge in its discretion to appoint any Master Mason, as the Master of the new Lodge." At same time before the Master is formally installed, it is necessary that he should take the degree of Past Master, except in cases of Lodges under Dispensation, when the ceremony is deferred until the Warrant of Constitution issues. MEETINGS. The Lodge meetings are either regular or emergent Regular meetings are held under the bye-laws and on fixed dates, but emergent meetings are called by order of the Worshipful Master. It is required in all emer- gent meetings, except those of funerals, that seven days' notice be given, so that every brother has a fair chance of attendance. MIDDLE CHAMBER. ^ This chamber is described in 1st Kings vi. : 5,6,8, and is well known to fellow Craftsmen. MINUTES. Every Lodge should have carefully kept minutes of 36 Pocket Lexicon of their proceedings, in so far aa such can be written, and before tlie Lodge is closed the Master shlaiii what every brotlier luuleratands by this ouiblem. PRINCIPAL OFFICERS. The Master and his two Wardens, are the princi])al officers of a lodge. PROCKSSIONS. The Grand Lodge entirely controls all Masonic pro- cessions, and no private lodge, nor individual Mason, can appear in public wearing Masonic clothing without special permission of the Grand Master or his authorized representative. The only exception to this rule is in the case of funerals, when often sufficient time could not be had to communicate with the Grand Master. This very proper regulati(jn was adopted so that the reputation of the order should not sufler by the vain ill-timed appearance of the brethren, when a few of them might choose tn 'tU Glovious A.c.u.ect ,,f oraer, pi pract ce the sacred duties ot heaven and eaith. and ^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^.^^^^ ^^^^^ ^.^ ;;:r^ En Jd^u:!:^:a^he .eans of ceujent.,^fr.en^ ship between those who otherwise must have lemained perpetual strangers. " Xo L.dcr'e can remove from its usual place ()f meeting .id >i erfl a brother, the roll of the lodge con- taining his name is j>rei»ared, and at a certain period of the ceremonies, is deposited in the grave. ROYAL ART. Masoniy is commonly called "the Royal Art," not only because it was reduced to its [)resent system by King Solomon and Hiram