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JtTy dear Young Friends^ In compliance with the wishes oi many of my Pupils, I have at length made extracts of as much of the His- tory of England, as I think necessary for a young lady to commit to memo- ry. Should this bagatelle be found useful, (my health permitting,) I shall have much pleasure in presenting to you, my Roman and Grecian Histo- ry, Class-lessons, together with My- C" f^' n O P flX ^ ^ o o ■ . IV thology and Astronomy. You, who are now become mothers, will par- don me for recommending that, when a child can read with fluency the Spelling-book lessons, all promiscu- ous reading should be prohibited, and the attention confined to the History of England alone: a few pages of Goldsmith's History si ould be carefully read, and these extracts repeated every day, until the age of ten or twelve years; when the rupil may be advanced into that of Rome. The task of teachers is at all times most arduous; we have not only to cultivate the mind, improve the tem- per, and communicate gracefulness, but we have to excite a taste, and different children sometimes require opposite methods to produce the same effects. History is to them, at first, a dry uninteresting study; they learn it be- cause it is a part of their duty. You I '\ ' probably may remember when " tlm reign of Elizabeth'' was the greatest punishment that could be inflicied. Permit me to call to your recollec- tion, the method I adopted to remote this distaste. One evening I invited you to bring your sewing and hear read " Kenilworth :" the next me day at the hour of recreation, I had the satisfaction of seeing, that seve- ral of you had voluntarily relinquish- ed the pleasures of the flower-gar- den, and play -room, for an attentive perusal of the " formidable reign of Elizabeth:" and you afterwards re- gretted that Ave had not a lengthened history of t^! at period. Whence a- rose this extraordinary and suddenly excited taste?' I reply, from the ma- gical power of the author of " Wa- verley:" and it is but justice to add, Ihat I am infinitely indebted to that excellent author, for the success of niy historical classes. But it is not i i v5v my intention to fatigue you with a dissertation on Education, I merely wish to apologize for my little offer- ing, and to assure you, that I shall ever feel a lively interest in your pre- sent and future happiness. That I retain a large portion of your regard, is a subject for reflection, which must ever be most truly gratifying to my feelings. -T 1 have the pleasure to l^e, ■"■■•'.", . Your affectionately attached Friend, M. GOODMAN. V Montreal, ISth April, 1827. r- HISTORY or EST OSANS. Q. WHAT was the ancient state of England? A. The ancient state of England, with respect to its constitution, was originally a monarchy, under the primitive Britons; afterwards a province in subjection to the Romans; then an heptarchial government under the Saxons; then a kingdom sub- ordinate to the Danes; next after them, under the power and dominion of the Normans; but at present a monarchy a- gain. Q. What was the Island at first called? A. The whole Island was at first called Albion, or Alpion, because the term Alp, signifies a hill; it was also called Olbion, a Greek word for happy, because the an- cient Britons lived, for a long while, in 8 case and aifluencc, until llie ambition of Julius Caesar interrupted their fiouri.jhing state of peace and tranquillity; it was af- terwards named Brithtania, from Brith, signifying painted in the British language, and the Greek term Tania, or country, which the Romans softened into Britania. Q. Was Britain much known at that time? A. Britain was but very little known to the rest, of tUc world, before the time of the Romans. The coasts opposita Gaul, or France, were frequented by mer- chants who traded thither for such com- modities a3 the natives were able to pro- duce;, and who, after a time, possessed themselves of all the maritime places, where they had at first been permitted, to reside. — Finding the country fertile, , and commodiously situated for trade, they, settled upon the sea-side, and introduced the practice of agriculture; but the inland . inhabitants, who considered theinselves the lawful possessors of the soil, avoided all correspondence with men, whom they\ viewed as intruders upon their property. Q. Were the inland inhabitants very numerous? )f 9 A. The inland inhabitants arc repre- sented as extremely numerous; living in cottages, thatched with straw, and feeding large herds of cattle. They lived chiefly upon milk, and flesh procured by the chase: what clothes they wore to cover any part of their bodies, were usually the skins of beasts; but the arms and legs were left naked, and usually painted blue; their hair, which was long, flow^ed down upon their backs and shoulders, while their beards were kept close shaven, ex- cept upon the upper lip, where it was suffered to grow. The dress of savage nations is every where nearly alike, being calculated rather to inspire terror, than to excite respect. Q. What was the government of Eng- land at that time? A. As to their government, it consisted of several small principalities, under dif- ferent leaders; and this seems to have been the earliest mode of dominion, with which mankind were acquainted, and may have been deduced from the natural privi- leges of paternal authority. Upon great and imminent dangers, a commander in chief was chosen, by consent in a general I 10 assembly; and to him was committed the conduct of the general interest in peace or war. Q. Of what did their army consist? A. Their forces consisted chiefly of foot; yet they could bring a considerable number of horse into the field upon great occasions. They likewise used chariots in battle, which, with short scythes fastened to the axle-trees, inflicted terrible wounds; spreading horror and devastation where- ver they drove. Nor were the warriors whc conducted them unemployed; these darted their javelins against the enemy, ran along the beam, leaped on the ground, resumed their seats, stopped, or turned their horses at full speed, and sometimes cunningly retreated, to throw the enemy into confusion. Q. What was the religion of the Bri- tons? A. The religion of the Britons was one of the most considerable parts of their go- vernment; and the Druids, who were the guardians of it, possessed great authority among them. No species of superstition was ever more terrible than theirs; be- sides the severe penalties they were per- II one ' xnitted to inflict in this worlcl,Jhey incul- cated the doctrine of the eternal trans- migration of souls; and thus extended their authority as far as the fears of their votaries. They sacrificed human victims, which they burned in large wicker idols, made so capacious as to contain a multi- tude of persons at once, who were thus consumed together; to these rites they added the austerity of their manners and the simplicity of their lives; they lived in woods, caves, and hollow trees; their food was acorns and berries, and their drink was water; by these arts they were not only respected, but almost adored, by the S)eople, whose manners took a tincture rom the discipline of their teachers: their lives were simple, but they were marked with cruelty and fierceness; their courage was great, but neither dignified by mercy nor perseverance. Q. Did the Britons long remain in this rude state? A. The Britons had long remained in this rude, but independent state, when Caesar having victoriously over-run Gaul, and willing still farther to extend his fame, determined upon the conquest of a coun- r I If i , it V 12 try til at seenied to promise an easy tri* iimpli. Atcordingly he set sail for Bri- tain about midnight, and the next morn- ing arrived on the coast near Dover, where he saw the rocks and cliffs covered with armed men to oppose his landing* Q. Who commanded the British for- ces? A. The Britons had chosen Cassibelan- nus for their commander in chief, but the petty Princes under his command, either from suspicion or jealousy, threw off their allegiance; some of them fled with their forces into the internal parts of the king- dom^ others submitted to Caesar. At length Cassibelannus himself, thus wea- kened, resolved upon making what terms he was able, while he yet had power to keep the field. The conditions offered by Ceesar, and accepted by him, were that he should send to the continent double the number of hostages at first demanded, and that he should acknowledge subjection to the Romans. Ceesar, however, was ob- liged to return once more to compel the Britons to complete their stipulated treaty. Q. Did the Romans long keep posses- sion of the countrv? I H WIII | II II trm 13 tri* • Bri- norn- ivhere with h for- )elan- utthe either ^ their I their king- , At wea- terms iver to •ed bv hat he le the [I9 and ion to IS ob- lel the treaty, losses- A. After the Romans had been in pos- session of this country nearly four hun- dred years, they left it to its ancient in- habitants again; but as they were at that time most shamefully degenerated from their native courage and intrepidity, they were soon after invaded by the Scots and Picts, and being greatly intimidated at the thoughts of their approach, they ajjplied to the Saxons for their assistance, and thereby brought on their total destruc- tion, and the division of their country in- to the foUov/ing heptarchy, viz: the king- dom of Kent, the kingdoms of the East, West, and South Saxons, the kingdom of Northumberland, the kingdom of the East Angles, and the kingdom of the Mercians. Q. When did Britain become one great State? A. In process of time, all these petty settlements were united in one great State, and assuming the name of Angleland, or England, was successively governed by Egbert the Great; Ethelwolf; Ethelbald; Ethelbert; Etheldred the First; Alfred the Great; Edward the Elder; Athelstan; Edmund the First; Edred; /Edwy or Ed- win: Edgar the Pacific; Edward the Se-* !l il 14 tonJ; Etheklred the Second; fedmiind, )snrnamed Ironside; Canute the Great; Harold the First, surnamed Harefoot; Hardicanute; Edward the Confessor; and Harold the son of Godwin Earl of Kent. The Pretensions of the latter, however, were opposed by William, Duke of Nor- mandy, who claimed the English Crown as the lawful bequest of the Confessor. — In the year lOtfB, he made n descent on the coast of Sussex, with a numerbiis ar- my, and soon after came tb an engage- ment with Harold, who was defeated and slain at Hastings. Q. Who was King of Ehglatid nfter the battle of Hastings? A. William the First, surnamed the Conqueror. He ascended the throne in lt)66, and died in 1087. Q. What wei'e the most remarkable events in the reign of William the First? A. The English required to put out their fire and candle at eight in the even- ing, on the ringing of the Curfew bell, and obliged to deliver up their arms. Sur- names first used in England, and common sM^earing first introduced. Q. Who succeeded William the First? 'I 5 Ih I 1 o A. William the Second, surnanied Ru- Tus. He ascended the throne in 1087, and was accidently killed by an arrow in 1 100. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of William the Second? A. Westminster Hall bniit by William Rufus, 270 feet long and 74 feet broads An inundation of the sea, which overflow- ed the lands of Godwin, Earl of Kent; to this day called Goodwin Sands. Q. Who succeeded William Ihe Se- cond? A. Henry the First, surnamcd Beau- clerc. He ascended the throne in HOO, and died in 4135. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Henry the First? . A. Henry the First restored to the Eng- lish the liberty of using fire and candlemt night. The order of Elnights Templars founded. Q.. Who succeeded H^enry the First? A. Stephen, surnamed Blois. He as- cended the throne in 1135, and died in 1154. Q. What was remarkable in this reign? A. 1117 Castles built by royal permis- sion. . l'\ \ 1'. it; ! ■I 1 Vt ^3. Who succeeded Stephen? A. Henry the Second. He ascended the throne in 054, and died in HBQ. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Henry the Second? A. Becket murdered in the Cathedral of Canterbury by four Knights. The kingdom first divided into six Circuits^ and three Judges appointed to each« Q. Who succeeded Henry the Second? A. Richard the First, surnamed Cceur- de-Lion. Ascended the throne in HSQ, and was killed by an arrow at the siege of Chains in 1199. Q. What were the remarkable events an the reign of Richard the First? A. At this time lived Robin Hood and liittle John* The former was betraved at a nunnery at Berkley; being sick, ne de- sired to be bled, and was bled to death. Three Lions passant first borne on the royal shield of England. Q. Who succeeded Richard the First? A. John, surnamed Sans-Terre. As- cended the throtie in n99, and died in 1216. Q. What were the temarkable events in the reign of John? . ' 17 snded \9. events ledral The rcuitsj u cond? CcBur- 1189, siege events )d and ived at he de- death, on the First? . As- iied in events A. The assize of bread first appointed. Sterling money first coined. Q. who succeeded John? A. Henry the Third of Winchester* Ascended the throne in 1216, and died in 1272. Q. What were the remarkable events^ in the reign of Henry the Third? A. Three Impostors, (one of whom pretended to be Jesus Christ,) were sen- tenced to perpetual imprisonment, and to be fed on bread and water. Wales wholly subdued and governed by the English laws. Magna Charta solemnly confirm- ed. Fine linen first made hi England. Q. Who succeeded Henry the Third? A. Edward the First, surnamed Long Shanks. Ascended the throne in 1272, and died in 1307. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Edward the First? A. Spectacles invented by a Monk. The magnetic needle first brought into nse. Q. Who succeeded Edward the First? A. Edward the Second of Carnarvon. Ascended the throne in 1307, and wai^ murdered in Berkley Castle in 1337, li m i( ij I 1 I t 18 Q. What were the remarkable events m the reign of Edward the Second? A. Crockery-ware invented. On ac*» count of a great famine, the Parliament limited the price of provisions; and who- ever did not comply with this regulation^ forfeited the provisions to the King. The order of Knights Templars abolished by Pope Clement the First. Q. Who succeeded Edward the Se- cond? A. Edward the Third. Ascended the throne in 1S27, and died in 1377. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Edward the Third. A. Gunpowder invented by a monk. Gold firht coined in England. ' Q. Who succeeded Edward the Third? A. Richard the Second. Ascended the throne in 1377, and was murdered ia Pontefract Castle in 1399. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reigri of Richard the Second? A. Greenland discovered by a Vene- tian. Playing cards invented for the a- musement of the King of France. Qv Who succeeded Richard the Se- cond? 19 A. Henry the Fourth, surnamed Bol- ingbroke. Ascended the throjie in 1899, Ulid died in 1418. Q. What were the remarkable evenly, in the reign of Henry the Fourth? A. (Jeoffrey Chaucer, the Poet, died. . The fJoUars of S. S. first worn in Eng- land. Q, Who succeeded Henry the Fourth? A. Henry the Fifth of Monmouth. — Ascended the throne in 1413, and^died in 1422. " . ..r....u Q. What were the remarkable events m the reign of Henry the Fifth? ^^ * A* Vines and sugar canes first planted in Madeira. The two Courts of England lind France held at Paris. Q. Who succeeded Henry the Fifth? / A. Henry the Sixth. Ascended the throne in 1422, and died in tlie Tower in Q. What were the remarkably events in the reign of Heory the Sixth? • * - * A. Joan of Ai*c, the Maid of Orleans,, burned for a witch at Roan. Engraving and etching on copper invented. Q. Who succeeded Henry the Sixth? A. Edward the Fourtli. Assumed th€^ 20 crown ten years before the death of Hen- ry the Sixth, and died in 1483. , Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Edward the Fourth? * A. A tradesman executed for saying he would make his son heir to the Crown; alluding to the sign of his house. Print- ing first brought into England. Q. Who succeeded Edward the Fourth? A. Edward the Fifth. He was mur- dered in the Tower after a reign of two months. Q. Who succeeded Edward the Fifth? A. Richard the Third. Ascended the throne in 1483, and was killed in the bat- tle of Bosworthfield in 1485. - ^' '^ Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Richard the Third? A. Post-horses and stages first esta- blished. An inundation of the river Se- vern, which lasted ten days; and men, women, and children, were carried away in their beds by the violence of it. Q. Who succeeded Richard the Third? A. Henry the Seventh. Ascended the throne in 1485, and died in 1509. Q. What were the remarkable eventi^ in the reign of Heni^ the Seventh? 21 A. Americft and the West Indies dis- covered by Columbus. The Cape of Good Hope also discovered. Shillings first coined in England. Q. Who succeeded Henry the Seventli? A. Henry the Eighth. Ascended the throne in 1509, and died in 1547. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Henry the Eighth? A. Gardening then first introduced.>in- to England. The reformation in Rv^ligi- on begun by Martin Luther. Muskets ftrst invented; mortars and cannon cast in iron, the first that were ever made in Eng^, tend. Q. Who succeeded Hfenry the Eigh^th? A. Edward the Sixth. Ascended the throne in 1547, and died in 15534 ^ Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Edward the Sixth? A. Crowns and half-crowns first coin- ed^ There was such a plentiful year, that a barrel of beer, with tlie tap, sold for six. pence, and four great loaves for one penny. Q. Who succeeded Edward the Sixth? A. Mary. She ascended the throne iB- 1553, and died in 1558. ; ^^y^fl v^ 22 V Q. What were the remarkable events; in the reign of Mary? " ■•:' • • A. Coaches first used in England. Two little towns near Notingham, beat down by thunder: and hail-stone-^ -eU which measured fifteen inches in circimii^jrence. Q. Who succeeded Mary? A. Elizabeth. She ii cended the throne in 1558, and died in 1603. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of Elizabeth? A. Knives first made in England. The art of making paper, introduced. Teles- copes, and the art of weaving stockings, invented. Watches first brought into England from Germany. Q. Who succeeded Elizabeth? A. James the First. Ascended the throne in 1603, and died in 1635. Q. What were the remarkable events in the rei/rn of James the First? A. A pJol - -i disr^^^ered of a design to blow Up tiie Parliament-House. Thir- ty-six barrels of gunpowder being put in a, cellar under the Lords' house (which had been hired for that purpose,) and co- hered over with coals, billets, and faggots. Guy Faukes who was to have set fire to 23 jnts; into the [T-ain, was discovered in a cloak and boots, with n dark lantern, tinder box, and matches in his pocket. Himself and his accomplices were executed. Bar lets first ereated in Englaiid. The circulaMon of the blood conlirmed by Doctor Hi<»vey. Copper money first used in Englann Q. Who succeeded James the t^'irat? A. Charles the First. A>ceni ed the throne in 1625, and was beheaded in 16- 8". Q. What wer J the remarkable ents in the reign of Cliarles the First? A. A bright star appeared and I loive all day. — Thomas Parr was present \ to the King, being 152 years of age, ar ' in perfect health; he died in London, )v. 15th, 1635: he had lived in ten reign- Q. Who succeeded Charles the First? A. Oliver Cromwell, or the Commor wealth. He began his usurpation in 164», and died in 1658. Q. Who succeeded Oliver Cromwell? A. Charles the Second. He was res- tored to the throne in 1660, and died in 1685. Q. What were the remarkable events in ti^e reign of Charles the Second. A. Tea first used in England. In 24 (i reign died Henry Jenkins of Yorksliirej . aged 170. Blood attempted to steal the Crown out of the Tower, but was appre- hended. Q. Who succeeded Charles, tiie- Se- cond? A. James the Second. Ascended the throne in 1685, and abdicated in 1689. Q. What was remarkable in the reign of James the Second. A. Six hundred persons were barba- rously executed under Judge JefFeries; and the steeples, town gates and roads,, were stuck with the heads and limbs of the sufferers. Q. Who succeeded James the Second?' A. William the Third, and Mary: were proclaimed in 1689, and died in 1702. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of William and Mary. A. Bayonets first used by the French. The bank of England established, and the first public lottery drawn. Stamp- duties instituted. Prussia erected into a kingdom. Q. Who succeeded William and Mary? A. Anne. She ascended the throne iiw 1702iand died in 1714. 25 Q. What were the remarkable eVenti in the reign of Anne? A. The kingdoms of England and Scot- land united. The first British Parlia* ment met. Q. Who succeeded Anne? A. George the First; who ascended the throne in 1714, and died in 1727. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of George the First? A. Innoculation first tried on criminals with success. Russia, formerly a duke- dom, established an empire. Q. Who succeeded George the First? A. George the Second; who ascended the throne in 1727, and died in 1760. Q. What were the remarkable events in the reign of George the Second? A. The command of the expedition against Quebec, the capital of French Canada, was given to General Wolfe, a young officer of true military genius. — Wolie's courage and perseverance sm- mounted incredible difliculties; he gained the heights of Abraham, near Quebec, where he fought and defeated the French j^rmy; but he was himself killed. Gene- ral Amherst, who was the first; English 2« gi^ieral on command in America, conduct- ed another expedition, and Canada abort- ly became subject to Great-Bi'itain. — Lis- bon destroyed by an earthquake. One hundred and twenty three Englishmen perished in the black-h^e at Calcutta. Q. Who succeeded George the Second? A. George the Third; who ascended jthe throne in 1760, and died in 1820. Q. What were the remarkable events in tljie reign of George the Third? . A- The Constitution of Canada settled. The King and Queen of France behead- ed, and war commenced between France and Great-Britain. Union with Ireland carried into effect Bonaparte crowned Emperor of the French. Bonaparte de- feated a^nd Louis XVm restored to the tbrodae of France. Q. Who succeeded George the Third? A. George the Fourth, his present Majesty, (Dei gratia.) He ascended the throne in 1820. END. LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. The Right Honorable Countess of Dalhousie, Six Copies. A. AnonytnouSi Anonymous, Mr. Joba AnderFOD, Chambly, Mibs Alien, Sorel, B. The Honorable Mrs. Henry Byng, Mrs. I olon'>l By, Mrs. Bingbani, IMm BirsH, Tbe Reverend John Betbune, JVlrf). Biitler, Chambly, Mm Butler, ditto, >Ii. 2 6 2 6 5 a 5 15 15 1 5 10 10 10 5 $ 5 t 5 J' 5 (^ 9 a 5 • ^8 Mr. P. Burni, Three tlivers, >lr. Buyle, ditto, Mr. Jusiiee Bedard, ditto, c. Mrf>. Br. Carter, Sort I.. Br. G. 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