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TMt HMn is fUnwd at tlM radueUon ratio ctwdnd batow / C« doeiHiMnt Mt fliinA au tiiix da rMuetion indiqii* ei- '■. -i-r. ; I . THE AGRICDLTURAL INSTRUCTION ACT AND EXPLANATORY SPEECH BY THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE ON INTRODUCING THE BILL IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS ON JANUARY 24th, 1913. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, OTTAWA f .. (yiTAWA (JOVEBNMENT PRINTING ni/RKAU 1914 A>'3- PDk) THE AGRICULTURAL INSTRUCTION ACT AMD EXPLANATORY SPEECH BY THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE ON INTRODUCING THE BILL IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS ON JANUARY 24th, 1913. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, OTTAWA S88S4— 1 (JTTA^A GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAU 1« THE AGRICULTURAL INSTRUCTION ACT. I'roiitiiblt 'i.vuSKSNioN, Itrn Paiii.iamk.nt, ;t-l (Ikoruk V., Cii.vi". .', JU12-ia. Afuunli'd lo (ilh June. 1013. An Art for tlic ^;rimtiii;? i.f niil fur tlii- mlvuiircmcnt of Agritultunil limtrmtioii in tlio I'roviuccg. WlnTcjift it is (li'HirabIc that i'iieourui,Miicijt be j,'iv('n to iigri- culture in uil tin- |>ri>vini-(s of ("Miia.ln. tunl wIkti'iih grwit uml [M-nnuiu-nt iH-nttit will result tlirouj>li i-diicaiion, iii»trn<'tiou und (Ji'nionstraiiini fui'ri(.'rieiiltnr.', arnl for the ]Mirpose« fi?;u'ui'tfoii iii aut' 0(1 by ihis Aet, the following sinns, aggregating ten ugiiiulure. niil..„a dollars, shall lie appropriated and i>aiil out of the Con- solidated |{ev ■wt'oodiug rtwul yimn nntil tlw expiration of th«» flical \t exctfding twenty thousand dollarn shall b«' paid in em-h year to assittt in the work of veterinary (•ollogi's csfahlishrd lu'thc provinifs, the said annual amount to lie (listriliutwl among the colleges qualiflod and legally authorized to grant degrees in vetfrinary scionee in proportion to the numlicr of students enrolled at the said colleges respe<- tively for the previmis year and in accordance with such regu- lations ami couilitions as may bo pn'«'ribed by the Minister; (h) The sum of twenty thousand dollars shall l)e paid in oai-h year to the Oovemmont of each province ; (c) The remainder of the appropriation for each year shah Ix! allotted and paid to the Oovomments of the respective provinces in proiwrtion to the populations of the said prov- inces respectively as dctennined by the latest decennial census. B. The payments hereinbefore authorized shall, as to each province, bo conditional upon agreement between the Minister and the Government of the province as to the terms, conditions and purposes, within the meaning of this Act, upon and for which the payments are to lie made and applied, and sucli agreement shall be subject to the approval of the Governor in Council. 6. The Minister may appoint such officers as are required for carrying out the provisions of this Act, and for such inspec- tion, examination and report as are necessary to insure the expenditure oi' rh: tnoneys paid in accordance with the inten- tion of thiR At. . the agreements and regulations made under the authority of this Act; and the salaries and expenses of such officers shall bo paid out of the moneys appropriated by Parlia- ment for the puriMjse. R«gulatioBi. 7, The Governor in ('.Miiicil may make such regulations as arc deemed advisable for giving eflFect to the objeet«i and purposes of this Act, and, notwithstanding anything m this Act, the Minister, with the approval of the Governor in 'Jouncil and with the consent of the Lieutenant Governor in Council of any province and upon such terms and conditions as are pres- cribed by the Governor in Council, may expend in any such Annnal lOin to FroTtncist Oorrrnment*. KcmaliMltr to Prorincial (k)T*rniii«nt*. Condition* of payment. Ottoeriaad Mtlarie*. r<>tiurt 111 r«rltaiiti'Ut. prorlnco in «ny year Uw w1m.1« or «ny purl of tb« grant pro- ]^l''^^,^ vU\vil for miih pnivinwi iiml' r tliiii A.l for tlw puriH**!-* aul furtli in tlu) prvuiiiiilu of {\^i» Ai;t. 8. Th«' Miiiinti'r mImII •niiutilly lay In •••n Parlianiiiil. 'Inr- inK IIm< fimt tin tlaya of thi* nonnion. a r«'|'"«'' »' ■" ?"»«••'«"•''.»»<* nn«U'r thia Act tor tho last prot-edinK fii.^al yiiir, whirh rc|»ort ahall contain ■ full awl accnrato utatcmcnt of the tnom-va cxp«'n«l«Hl, tho pn.ponca to whi«h they havn been applied and tho work tlono by tho aovoral provincoa in tho camii;^ of tho eubaidiea paid or authoriicd to bo paid. 9. The AftricuUural Aid Act. chapter 3 of tho atatutea of ';jfi,u.' 1012, ill repealed. SPEECH BY THE MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE pro^'ZZdlV''^ Honourable Martin Burrell gave notice of the following mnrirS^^'^r^" '''*"".'' is espedier.t to provide that a sum not exceeding flO.OOO.OOO be appropriated and paid out of the Consolidated Revenue Fund of Vi""?Qf/'i""*^i.*'"' '""■■'^ "^ *''" y*""'"'" b-cginning with the year ending March Jl. iai4, for the purpose of aidiii- and advancing the farming industry by instruction in agriculture, including the work carried on by veterinary col- On January 24th the Resolution was reported and agreed to, and Mr Uurrell thereupon moved fcr leave to introduce Bill No. 103 for the granting • of aid for the advancement of asrriculturnl inatruction in the provinces, speak- mg as follows :— r , i^« ■D j"'; Speaker, the right honourable gcntlemnn who now leads this House (Mr liorden) stated to the people of Canada on August U. 1011. that if he were placed' m charge of the Government of the country he would provide for ' the granting of liberal assistance to the provinces for the purpose of SMppl.-nieutinir and extending tlie work of agricdturnl edu scrviciv. It has been customarj- to follow investigations such ns this, or of other kinHs. by elaborate reports more or less valuable, wiiich too often Ikivo found a long r.-stinir pla.-e in the pigeon hole of a department— unacted upon, ' unwo|.t, unhonoiircd and uuMing' There is a homely old proverb that ' th.. i.roof of the i.mlding is in the eating,' and the result of the work wlucli has been carried on and of tlie careful thought given to the study of this whole question will bo found in the terms of the Bill which I have the honour to introduce to the House. There hns been in the Speech from the Tlimne a reference to the form which such a measure should take, viz.; such assistance to agricultural education as would involve continuity of actuui. luid Mlrendy tlirre l:ave come to me from the principals of the leading Canadian universities, from the heads of ajrriciiltural institutions, and from men holding office in various provincial govcrninents. both Liberd and Conservative many expressions of sympathetic interest in and api)rnval of the suggested line of action I ♦„ »i -"r "''^''"'j; '" »''"' -•'»• ""•' '•<""• f" 'l'l--'Hl or justify gcMTou-s us.i.st:.,u.e tw?». rn »,' « IT*"''"'' ,*''^'^°"ditions of rural life; to «well the numborg of t..o8e who till the fields.-to do tlu^ tl.inK.. ev.-n in the v.t.v utto.nptin" of them evils that face us in modern life. Two Problems. Two problemg especially oonfront us to-day. as they eonfront other nations- the ever-increasing cost of livin,.. with its heavy burdens, and the increase of Xn a' thTreZy "f^^TI f T'r '""Z """'" '^ "''' ''^^ ""^'•"'^ than to provid yith protective taritT>. fhe tw,, th.njTs are .utinuUelv related. iouai-^tUm in cifie. » both an economic an.l a social menace. The swelling of urban popula on wi h I fnZ in'crVr / """)' " '^' '""^T'' '"^ ''" ^'■'l"""- "' t'- -IJ'-d cost of vl^ m the increase of squalor, hunger nn.l crime, an.i.-in u country to which thousands of .mmigrants como-.„ the concentration of hr^. „„,..„ of the foreign bonr who sTc^l diZuf " """''""' '" "" '"''"""• "'"• ^-"^^''""^ both a p.,lit";i and per Jent^^'ln^St^rotto'^M"'" '" "r" 7","".' *'"^ "^''"" "^""•'«*'- «- ^-'- Zl IT.' T r 1 , '^'''" '■"'"'• T"-''".v it stands nt the ominous figure of 4(5 per cent In Canada wc take a natural pri.Ic in our Kreat and ;jrowinff cities b.'tw Bhould be poor e.f.ens if we .lid not try to mitigate and aven the !,t d ant ^vH Sir 7' "'"^r"""*' •?'"'"*'"" "' *'''^ •^'^'"•''""- '•■"• it '''-""Id be note hat As this question is so intimately related to the i.urpo.es and objects of the Bill I shall venture to give the House the facts and «g„res as tlu-y relate to Canada! Total population — 1901 - 1-1 Q, 1011 -''iw":v' ' ^ '^04 8 5H Increase, S4V.i per cent. " ' •Ka-itein fWestern Total populatioi.— ^""'"'"- Car,^d>x. .-..4fi;J,9ll l,T40,Si)7 i"'"""""'^': ~^i ~u^m UrbnTi population — i'!!?I i..si.3.,s32 ■>o:m: "" 2,5t)!).228 CS1,21.! i'""'"''"^^ 78.-,,.'59C 473,249 rer cent ,q ., ,,» Kural population — \l^] 2.911,966 437,5.-,0 ^■"^ -'.Sfi4,T]3 ],0.n9.6si Decrease <- .t-i „-,,,„ , ., ./♦!«'•«« fiirure* i« that in spite of tho ^?.^in°Sl r.%rr^*i-;S CCA« i. .tiU . .uc. ^ate, we i plunged? Hunger ami want mWc.^^^^^^^ There can Uagic, nor so pitiful a* would he deserted «^W'' ""^ f^ ;„ ^he country. To put it in te no health in the cilie* without ^-^P^^J'^^ S, of industry with all they con- oJge W. Russell's words: /Our pnneesan^e^^^^ ^.^^^ ^.^^ „„„ months there will he silence in the streets. Creation of ^vni Civilization. priory and fundamental importance to he ^"t'°";^ «"„\ ^„„lic conditions tha rrTwe of our country it is -t a o^e the^^^^^^^^^^^ ,„,„i eivili.ation which will Z^t^^^'^'^rZ^t^^^^^- - 't. .id.. ..d prove a source and that we can best help on '^^^<^^lZMthA^t ali innovation, we answer tha of aKricultural education. If we are told ">"* J"' ,^ ^ j^ 5^ not only defensible but it i?the people s money, drawn from them. ;«d^;.»;j^'^i;,,e ^o be the most efficient desTrable tC such money should be *Pf"*^^^ J^^'^^eatian or instruction as a d«ir- way to attain the objects referred t°- . ;,^,f X^^ are following the best methods of able line which federal ^P^^^^iture sWd^take we a^^ ^^^^ .^ "•^'""^I^L'uUur 1 th« most nrogressve countries. P""'"*'""V " ^nanrv and c cmentary agricjlturni 'XToerrn nation until the system °^ .^f The last century. At the presen L"tructionwasorgani.ed.durin«thc-^^^^^^^ for which special time in Germany there is '^"'''^"""f.J^nd the world knows 1^ facilities for instruction are not provided, ana The Work in Great Britain. A. to the united Kingdom tHe^^^ is ^.e oU^^^^^^ tiou carried on in Ireland through the ""Jj^f^^, ^he farmers and co-operation Horace Plunkett was its --^^/^i^f ^^ "t" successfulb'- In 1909 the Briti^i were the means then adopted and still ^«"'^ -^.^ f„rther assistance m England, parliament set aside £^^'T V'""" V^Mrl^- With thee funds the Povd- Sand and Ireland to "^^'-'t':-; r^^Knlln.':! '•olU.«e.. encouraging many Inu. opnient (.'ommission has be,-u .".r';"";, ^'ijipultural research. of direct instruction and providing for agricv Denmark Most Progressive. 1 t nrncre»4vc and most prosperous and education. ■■ BelKinm'i Agricultunil Poiition. irict Mtlo»to..l i..ln.cto„ Wh.t b.> '~",*"k^'^»' "^J '„ c"p production that since 1885: — BiwheU. Wheat has increased per acre from 24.64 to SS-M Ryo has incrrased per acre from. ^^^^^ Oats has increased per acre from ^a 24 to 57-57 Barley has increased per acre fron. W i4 to o* . . Mr. R. B. Greig in a special report to the Board of Education in England points -^^^-♦=- Belgian farms ^ro...lJ^^,0^^.t^^^^^^ Europe is almost supported by the product of its own f"'^' ^^'^''.; j f^„„ TeraJ of lOt) dollars per annum per acre as compared with less than half from Briti^ land.' $500,000,000 Hore in France. the 20th of November, I'.ii J :— Va'ue of Agricultural Education. hundred million dollars.' $68,000,000 for the States. I would like to point out to the House a notable advance made recently by the United S^lanJ especially because their problenS of federal and state ,unsd,ct>on "' ^to?1862Ton?re;s has passed six Acts providing for grants to the states for agricSaSlSf^p^rimeft^^^^^^^^^ During the past fifty years no less J- ^^TTh.L grants sX but they iZ rTXurrraeinrr;in«\^^^^^^^^^^ alr^t to the farms and increased appropriations are required. departure in their ..r .ri'tti^sp££^£H^^^ ^ra^nu^^t stage provides appropr.a^.«.sp^^^^^^^^^^^^ but inclucling also techni- TtSntg-Tn^atrS^^^^^^^^ the New York State authorities remarked:- , , . „JoJ tVint in the development of frderal efforts to promote regulations should be avoided.' 10 It. is a\vn funds. In the working out of their proposals there i» to be co-operation betw cii the state, the state colleges and the federal authorities. In Canada it is equally desirable that thero should bo somewhat similar co-operation. We, of course, propose to develop whit wo may call the diriet work of tlie federal department by assiistin'r and dovolopinif the live stock, dairying, fruit growing and other industries along lines of investipation, research, improvement in transportation, markets, and so on, but in resly from lack of know- ledge and misdirected cner|:y. It has been finely said that: ' Where mind co-operates with nniscle we pet a new kind of man, as com- pared with the empirical drudpe who digs and difrs from childhood to death without an idea to redeem his labour ind without a hope to realize the solveiiK-y of his life. The soil is a great educiitor. T.et men know the reason governing their effort upon it, and every morning breaks brighter; a new motive power enlightens life and the eominunity moves to a higher destiny.' Help given in an eilueational direction will not only mean better farming, but better farmers an 47,334 T6 61.730 on 54,288 16 54,298 29 159,482 40 195,783 32 Vwarly increaae. t L.toe 4,902 .5,219 :.,467 6,346 6,858 6,869 27,896 .■15,147 1917-23. t 31,75„ , 64,117 «r 66,970 91 69,302 67 77,114 09 81,719 21 81,733 .%t 271.068 S3 .^36,319 96 It is provided that if in any year any province is not prepBre