-ff^-s. IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) // # .^ >^ 1.0 V^ 1^ 1.1 l.'^na 122 11-25 III 1.4 I 1.6 6" ^9% Ta 7] ^^ A. c j^ y .^^ C//^ Phot ^ Sciaices Corporation 23 WEST MAIN STKfET WEBSTER, N.Y. 14SS0 (716) 872-4503 >^, .*%* <^ ^ CIHM/ICMH Microfiche Series. CIHM/ICMH Collection de microfiches. Canadian Institute for Historical Microreproductions / Institut Canadian de microreproductions historiques Technical and Bibliographic Notaa/Notaa tachniquaa at bibliographiquaa Tha Inatituta haa attampta<£ to obtain tha boat original copy availabia for filming. Faaturaa of thia copy which may b« bibliographieally uniqua, which may attar any of tha imagaa in tha raproduction. or which may aignificantly changa tha uaual mathod of filming, ara chackad baiow. r^ Colourad covara/ l^cJ Couvartura da coulaur |~n Covara damagad/ D D D D D D Couvartura andommagia Covara raatorad and/or laminatad/ Couvartura raataurAa at/ou pallleulAa I — I Covar titia miaaing/ La titra da couvartura manqua I — I Colourad mapa/ Cartaa gtegraphiquaa li coulaur Colourad ink (i.a. othar than blua or black)/ Encra da coulaur (i.a. autra qua Maua ou noira) r~n Colourad plataa and/or illuatrationa/ Planehaa at/ou illuatrationa 91% coulaur Bound with othar matarial/ RalM avae d'autraa documanta Tight binding may cauaa ahadowa or diatortion along intarior margin/ Laraliura aarria pa'^t cauaar da I'ombra ou da la dfartoraion la kHig da la margo intiriaura Blank laavaa addad during raatoration may appaar within tha taxt. Whanavar poaaibia, thaaa hava baan omittad from filming/ II aa paut qua cartainaa pagaa blanchaa aJoutAaa lora d'una raatauration apparaiaaant dana la taxta, maia, ioraqua cala 4tait poaaibla. eaa pagaa n'ont paa *tA filmAaa. Additional commanta:/ Commantairaa suppiimantairaa; L'Inatitut a microfilm* la maiilaur cxamplaira qu'il lui a it* poaaibla da sa procurer. Lea ditaiia da cat axamplaira qui sont paut-itra uniquaa du point da vua bibliographiqua. qui pauvant modif iar una imaga raproduita, ou qui pauvant axigar una modification dana la mithoda normaia da fiimaga aont indiquAa d-daaaoua. T t« p~| Colourad pagaa/ D Thia itam is filmad at tha raduction ratio chackad baiow/ Ca document aat film* au taux da rMuction indiqu* ci-daaaoua. 10X 14X 18X 22X Pagaa da coulaur Pagaa damaged/ Pagaa andommagiaa Pagaa raatorad and/01 Pagaa reatauriaa at/ou peiliculAes Pagaa diacoloured. stained or foxei Pagaa dicoiories. tacheties ou piquies r~1 Pagaa damaged/ r~n Pagaa raatorad and/or laminated/ ry\ Pagaa diacoloured. stained or foxed/ □ Pagaa detached/ Pagaa ditachiaa 7] Showthrough/ Tranaparance rn Quality of print variaa/ Qualit* inigale da I'impreasion Intiiudaa supplementary material/ Comprend du material supplimantaira Only edition available/ Saula Mitton diaponibia T P f1 C b t s a f a Pagaa wholly or partially obscured by errata slips, tissuea. etc.. have been ref timed to enaura the bust possible image/ Lea pagaa totalement ou partieilament obacurciea par un fauillet d'errata. une peiure. etc., ont Ati fiimies a nouveau da facon i obtanir la meilleure imaga possible. 26X 30X ^1^ Bi^^ ■■■■■ BH^^ »».ii^ ^^^B A LLi J 1 s 1 v A d a r n 12X 1«X aox MX asx 32X Th« copy fllmad h«r« has b««n raproduead thank* to tha flanaroaity of: Nmv Brunswick MuMum Saint John Tha imaflaa appaaring hara arm tha baat qualitv poaaibia eonaldaring tha conditiofi aiMi iagibiNty of tha original eopy and in kaaping with tha filming contract tpacifieationa. Original copiaa in printad papar eovara are ffimad baginning with tha front sovar and andlng on ttta kMt paga with a printad or iUuatratad impraa- ston, or tha back eovar whan appropriata. AU othar original copiaa ara fllmad baginning on tha flrat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraa- alon, and anding on tha laat paga with a printad or illuatratad impraaaion. Tha laat racordad frama on aach microflcha •hall contain tha aymbol — «^ (maaning "CON- TINUED"), or tha aymbol V (maaning "END"), ¥vhichavar appUaa. IMapa, plataa, charta, ate., may ba ff'mad at diffarant raduction ratiooc Thoaa too iarga to ba antiraly inciudad in ona anpoaura ara fHmad baginning in tha uppar laft hand eomar. laft to right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa raquirad. Tha following tiiagrama illuatrata tha mathod: 1 2 3 L'oKamplalia filmi fut raproduh^ qrica k la g4n4roait« da: Ntw BrMnrwick MuNum Saint Jrjhn Laa Imagaa auhrantaa ''nt 4t* raproduitaa avac la plua grand aoin. compta tanu da la condition at da la nattati da I'axamplaira fllmi, at vn conformitA avac laa conditiona du eontrat da fUmaga. Laa Mamplairaa originaux dont la eouvartura an papiar aat imprim^a aont film4a an comman^nt par la pramiar plat at an tarminant aoit par la damiAro paga qui comporta una amprainta d'impraaaion ou dlNuatration. aoit par la sacond plat, aalon la aaa. Toua laa autraa axamplairaa originaux aont filmte an comman9ant par la pramiira paga qui comporta una amprainta dimpraaaian ou dtlluatration at an tarminant par la damMra paga qui comporta una taila amprainta. Un daa symbolaa auivanta apparaftra sur la damlAra imaga da chaqua microflcha, salon la caa: la symbola — » signifia "A SUIVRE", la aymbola ▼ signifia "RN". Laa eartaa. planchaa. tablaaux, ate, pauvam Atra fHmAa i daa taux da induction diff Arartts. Loraqua la docut'nant aat trap grand pour Atra raproduit an un saii*i cliehA, ii aat fllmA i partir da I'angla supAriaur gaucha, da gaucha A droita, at da haut an baa, 1% pranant la nombra d'imagaa nAcaaaaira. Laa diasrammaa suh^anta illuatrant la mAthoda. 6 mi 59^- REPORT or 3-/^-^ MR.;,BROWN'S MISSION '^'"'■'^^' TO- GREaT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. JfOll- THE PROMOTION ')F EMIGRATION 10^ NEW BRUNSWICK. FREBBRICTON : PRINTBD BY 8. E. PENETY, AT THE ROYAL GAZETTE OFFICE 1863. ^^^^ GR] N n,] IMHi iPi^ BEPORT OF MR. BROWN'S MISSION TO GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, VOft THE PROMOTION OF EMIGRATION 90 NEW BRUNSWICK. FREDERICTON : WUKTB© BY 0. B. FBNBTY, AT THE ROTAL OAZBITB OFFICB. 1868. ■»..i«WT|»il* '•.t^-m^rs • EMIGRATION. 3l«pon of Mr. 'Brown's Miuion to Grent Britain and Ireland, fbr the .promotiofl oT Bmigration to thhi Pforinw. 'To His Excellency The ■Hon. Artkitr 'Mamjlton Goedon, C. M. G., Lientenant Governor and Commander in Chief of the Prov4nce «f New Brunswick, &c. iScc Ma* 'IT PLEA8K Your Excelle.ncy, Having been ajipointed Emigratio>. Conimissiauer, and in that caj)acity ordered to proceed to Great Britain amd Ireland, for the purpose oi' giving correct information "with regard to the cajpabilitiea of this Pro- «vince and its fitness for a home for Emigrants ; and having attended to that service, I now beg leave to present to Your Excellency the following R^ort.: — In acoordance with instructions received from the Honorable the Provincial Secretary, I obtained Letters of introduction to Olergymen, Shipowners, Merchants, and other respectable persons in tlie Mother 'Country, and taking with me a large trunk filled with the Priae Essajs, (Professor Johnston's Reports, Perlej's Handbooks, and Ji number of Maps of the Province, all of which I obtained from Kobert Shives, Esquire, Emigration Officer at Saint John, I went to Windsor by water and thence to Halifax by rail, and on the evening of Thursday, 22nd August 1861, embarked in the Steamer Europa, and after a pleasant passage of nine days and a half arrived safely in Liverpool. I was directed to |>roceed to Glasgow wiUi the least possible delay, .as the field of -my first operations, And on tflie 4th of September left Liverpool in the Cars aed reached Glasgow the same evening. After calling on a number of Gentlemen to whom I Jiad letters of introduction, and juaking .particular -enquiry with regard to a vessel which left the Clyde with passengers for Saint John a few montb* before, I made arrangements to Lecture in Glasgow at a future time, and so crossed the country to Dundee. I sailed from Dundee to New Brunswick in the year 1810, and ^returned after an absence of nearly fifty two years. I found that the appearance of the country, and the people too, was much inapjoved and jgreatly changed. Every thing indeed seemed strange except the River Tay, the Sidelew Hills, Broughty Castle, the auld Steeple, and the Porfarshire tongue. I lectured in Dundee, Broughty Ferry, Carnoustie, Arbroath, Mon- ttrose, Bnechin, Forfar, Glammis, Charleston, Inverarity, Letham, Ker- jrimuir^ and Meigle, and returned to Glasgow, where, by the assistance «f the late lamented Dr.. Saiith of the Examiner, Mr. Ronnie, and others, I obtained the use of a commodious Hall which was filled with attentive hearers. I was preparing to leave foi; Belfast, when I received a Letter from the Honorable Mr. Tilley, desiring me to meet him in Liverpool, where he expected to arrive on the 10th of November. I therefore went on towards the Border, and passing through the land of Burns, lectured in the Town of Ayr. 1 had the pood fortune to meet Mr. Tilley in Liverpool, and ■wlt'h him a number of acquaintanccH ; and after reporting progrchs, and receivinjr additional inhtructi(mH, Bet out for Ireland by the way of Holyhead. On the I'Jth of November I crossed th« (.'huntuil in the Steamer Cunnaught, and arrived in Dublin in the evening. I lectured in bublin, Cork, Clonmcl, Wat«rford, Kilkenny, Athlorrc, (lalway, Dundalk, Newry, l^elfast, and Newtonards, Imt was unable t(» ind a place in Drogheda, where I ro«iaii>cd two dajs, all tl>c llallf iiaving beeu previously e«gag«d. Froiu Belfast I ret«rn«d to Glasgow, and lectured in Kditibtir^, Musselburgh, Haddington, Dunbar, Berwick, Kelso, (jalatdii^ils, Molroso, BurntislaMil, Kirkcaldy, Dysart, Saint Andrews, Cupsir, Dumtcrliwi. Aberdeen, Banff, Klgin, Inverness, Blairgowrie, Duukeld, Aberfeldy, Pertk, Stirling, Lauilash, Siiiskin^ Dumfries, Newton-St«wart, aud Stiamaer. I was ordered to London as one of the Commissioners for the New Branswick Department of the International Exhibition, and remained thcra five days. After that I lectured in Oranthan, Newark, Ben- nington, Doncaster, York, and Durham. 1 arrived at NewcastK;, June 28rd, and began to prepare to lectiure there, b«t finding that thero were to be races and sports and a general su-spension of business for three days, I left for Carlisle, and there delivered my last lecture on Wed- nesday evening the 25tb of June. By the instructions I received before I left the Province, I wa» forbidden to enter into any arrangement for the passages of Emigrante, or to incur any liability, either on my own part, or on behalf of the Government ; and at the same time directed to furnish intending Emigrants with all the necessary information relative to the best modet- of conveyance to the shipping ports, and thence to New Brunswick ; to visit market towns and agricultural districts, and deliver addresses on the agricultural capabilities and other resources of the Province ; its soil, elimate, &e., and the conditions on which Emigrants and otherf can obtain lands ; to give special attention to inducing farm labourers and agriculturists with some capital to come, and also a limited number of mechanics. I was directed to report my prcoeedings to the Govern- ment from time to time, with my opinion of the propriety of sending additional Agents. In accordance with those directions, my first step on entering a City or a Town, was to engage a suitable Hall or I^cctnre Room ; then to procure a sufficient number of printed bills, setting forth the time, place, and object of ny address ; to see the large billu properly posted and the small ones distributed. The Hall was invariably inspected, and a Map of the Province put up therein on the afternoon of the appointed day. Eight o'clock in the evening was the common time of eomraencemcDt; the lectures were all delivered extempore, and occupied an hour and a half to two hours ; at the close of each I exhibited a bundle of printed publications, consisting of Prize Essays, Professor Johnston's Reports, Mr. Perley's Handbooks, Dr. Sweeney's Letters on Colonization, and the Government regulations for the sale and settle- ment of the wilderness lands. Those publications were in a few instances distributed on the spot, but they were generally delivered to «ome respectable person for that person named, and deposited in the School Library, Reading Room, or Mechanics' Institute, for public infonnation. Of the eight maps which I got from Mr. Shives, seven I I tool, and vi'iCh proprcHs, ami y the way oC lutifMil in the r liny, At'hlomj. Wiis unable to «ll ti»c llallf n Edinbnr^'h, lii«I», MolroB«v , J)ttn)Horlin gr«tu. y lo tho servant entrusted with the key, and .n one «««« J."^^ ^ n^ '" Scotland,^ where 1 had • large audience, the njoney ^k.ch 1 pa.d on the nreceilinc day was returned at the close of the lecture. s!metimc8^ had an audience of five or six hundred and m Glasgow of nearly a thousand, and at other tiu.cs of not more than on« hundred^ I ut n ny or few I was listened to with close attention M.tj>rs o Reporters^ were generally in attendance, and .n every instance that I Iriiiiw nf snoko favorably of my lectitres. tI. f^b^Aeen. noticed by the Provineial Secretary some montha afte my departure, and when we met at Liverpool, he directed me t^ Ucturc in the large Towns and Cities in I^^I-'^'-Je:;; rv""' newsnaners to pive publicity to my desenption of tke country. MTprincipal'dut/nnder the instructions was to furnish correct infor- mat on and I hope it will be admitted that I have been Buccessful ; for Som tllekctures'^themselves, and the newspaper notices, and the distr.- lution of the printed documents, there must now be in many parts ot Great Britain Ld Ireland, a gr^at deal of knowledge of the character and canaWHties of our Province. , , , . _ OtTe Newspapers which noticed those lectures, 1 beg leave to name The Dundee Advertiser, and Courier, The Glasgow Examiner, 1 he Scotsman The Kdinburgh Daily K-iew.Tbe Dublin F--an « J^^^^^^ ««l, Tke Belfast Northern Wh,ig. The Arbroath G,"^*^^'^'*?/^"/^ "5^ News The Cork Herald, The Fifeshire Journal, The Fife Herald, The Haddington Courier, Th'e Stirling Observer, The Perth Advertiser, The Banff Journal, The Elgin Courier, Tho Northern Ensign, The Galloway P St The l' pperary Free Press, The Galway Express The Dumfries Courier tw. Aberdeen papers. The Border Advertiser, The Ayr Adver- ser TheBkirgowrie Advertiser, The Carlisle Journal ; besides these ther; are several others, the nan.es of which I do not at present reco lect. In oTediJnce to the orders received to make reports of my proceeding, from time to time, I wrote to the Honorable the Provincial Secretary om Gksgow on'the 5th of September 18G1, and ^om ^l-f >J »gj- on the 25tk of October j met Mr. Tilley in Liverpool and «»»de further c^ort on the nth of November ; wrote to him from Dublin on the 19th 3f om Waterford on the 21st ; from Clonmel on the 3rd of December, ?"om Kilkenny on the 16th, from Edinburgh on the 24th of January 18&2, from Cupar on the 19th of February, from Edinburgh on he 3rd of Urch, from Galashiels on. th* 20th, t-^om Liverpool on the 24th of May fro« Grantham on the 5th of June, and from Samt Jofen on the ^■*f wL'^difected to gather what information I could with regard to passages, and to communicate the same to enquirers. I did so, and eorrespouded with many persons on the subject When in Glasgow I became acquainted with a Mr Rennie, of the Firm of J. Roid & Co., who informed me that my lectures and the documents left with him had enabled him to muster a company of pas- sengers and to send them to Saint John from the Port of Londonderry flarlj Imtt fljiring, about ono third of whom went from (Ihnirow lU mud ho ha.l another comnuny partly oogaged. and inteiMled to Bond them Irom I^ondonderry also. I bocnmo in Home measure acquainted with tha Firm of " HandvsidoH * Honderm.n, who, as well an J. Iteid & Co , do bunincs^ as Shippinff ApntH. J boy uHurm^.l m« that they intended to send a ship from Uli«^)w to Saint John with pahscjngerB al)out the middle of May and 1 obtained from thorn a number of billn which I distributed at my lecturowi and sent a part of thom by Mail to places whore I had been Iccturinir Un my arnral m Uritain I found the ground previously occupied bv the Agen-tH of other Colonies. Mr. Jourdan, a Commissioner from Queensland, just preceded me in- Olasgow. I wa» informed thiit ho was there two weeks preparing for his Incturo, thul ho paid seven guineas an evening for his Hall, issued eight thousand bill^ an.: had an audience of throe thousand persons. He had it app ty of beef, mutton, pork, poultry^ butter, cheese, and wool^ and the fisheries are not excelled by any in *he world. About the widdle of April the snow commonly disappears m the fields, and during tho last week in that month the sowing commeaeeB. This is contiriuecl through May, aad on to the twentieth of June-. Haymaking commences in July ; the country produces excellent Hay^ and the New Brunswickers are excellent haymakers. Grain harvest begins in August, and comes off jibout tiie same time as in this conntry. The tempci-ature froui the first f'f September to the first of December^ I ie abont rtx t more eteadj f Thase th i; preparing t About t] jnow to fal I but the wh f our wood 1 ■ howc nons j winter is ( I anew, this f horses, oxt temporary trees, and roads, aud the snow < pleasant, i A blazing songs, tal i winter ev« Before snow road break up in the sa^ ihipbuild end «u6 id, ipcai ion anil bovsand 118 beeB 1 i» pari hat sUf)' lifae Aot, Hatwfittt ninnheca Oanada. ik sent a indnce a supposed ligrationi lighness ranswick sessions ; option of ( a home pabilitiea e twelve which i» 8 capable lion, and fe there*- ^ In the- i situated the Bay Canada;, the form and fifty , and five might be D winter'* Scotland? IS, pluma^ ekberriss, t, poultry.^ by any in irs in the iinB»eB£es> of June-, lent Hay^ in harvest is conutry. December^ U about ibe «ame »b is **• northeaBt of Scotland, bat our weather » .»jr .nd we haw a greater number of clear days. . Th:Sl'^e: ir^a afford'ample time for ploughing, aod otherw,.. !!LtW around for the crop of the following year. Li Lfcr, a»d the fcadfng of book, and „e.8papcr8, employ th« "bX'*. Sd of M«el> th. heat of the -1„«Fon» *eir »«.1«. IwJtSg ™^rLlt,tT,na?.i for wood goods of all sorts, are ,u n^tr:e"V.*^X':prrn'^I«.t wl.en t^e «„o, >» meltins and boiled, and when properly refined, makes excellent .ugar , "fh^lte'proTessor Johnston of Durham, one of the ablest and most wmmmMM New Brunswick was greater than that ol (.anada, or the norm*. "' Wi'.h [hreL«.tie« of the Smpenmon Bridge al tk. month of th« RiveJ Saint jl^X travelling „S the whole of thoa. road. .^ brrdge. " 'wU It lu:f:fd;".1i»rrt£.inee, I hired fron. m, landWrd o. 10 «Ee Bredaibane Arms, a nice Borse and carriage' to go to Killin, at tte iead of Loch Tay, a distance of about twenty miles, for fifteen shillings, to be gone two days, which certainly was wondcrous cheap. On leav- ing Aberfeldy I was confronted by a gate, and had to pay a shilling. — There was indeed a good road, but not better than one of ours. Tay- moutb Castle and it^fine Parks, abounding with deer, goats, and fowls, were very beautiful. Kenmore, a pretty village at the outlet of the Lake, with its ornamental trees, and road skirted with whins and broom in full Wossom, favoured by one o£ their few sunny days, seemed like fairyland ; but here again, in the midst ©f all this beauty, was one and three pence to pay at the turnpike gate. Away I drove up through Bredalbane, passing the base of an immense mountain, called Ben Lawers on the one aider, and the long Loch on the other, flattering my- self that I had for that day cleared all the highwaymen. So indeed I had ; but before I reached Killin, I was very politely accosted by a Lady behind another gate, to whom I paid one and three pence more. After remaining all night I hoped to l»ve returned free to Aberfeldy, but I had to pay the same fare over again^ amounting in all to seven shillings, I remember long ago reading the complaint of a Highlandman wh» had been compelled by law to dOn the breeka, and to pay toll for riding an the Highway : — " Anither law cam' after tat. Ye never saw the like, man, They mak' a lang road on the grund,. An' ca' him Turnamspike, man ! An' ! she'll pe a penny road. Like Louden corn rigs, man^ An' twa carts may gang on her there An' no brak' ither's legs, man. She'll aharge a penny on ilke horse, An' troth she'll no gae shaper. For naething but gaen on the grund, Then tbey gie her a paper. But I'll awa' to Heiland hills. Far neer a ane daur turn her, An' no come back to Turnamspike,. Unless it pe tae purn her !" Two lines of Railway are making steady progress. That from Saint John to Shediac has been open for traffic nearly two years, an extent of »ne hundred lind eight miles. The other from Saint Andrews towards tVnada, has been opened for traffic nearly ninety milesj and over it a Regiment of Soldiers was carried some months since, on its way to (Canada. Commodious sea-going Steamers connect the Southern Ports and Hajbours with the United States, through the Bay of Fundy, and the Northern Ports with Canada. When I arrived in- the Province there were very few schools, and these few were supported by subscription ; now there are about eight hundred public Parish Schools, thirteen County Grammar Schools, a number of Superior Schools and Academies, and at the head of them all a Provincial University ; these are equally accessible to all classes »ujil denominations, and are all assisted by annual grants of money from. le public n |ach allowec Ire in like : ||.ualification The princ Cpisoopaliai kmaller bod aeither tytl ill ; but til every denoi intolerance Bther. About tv ^Postal Depi 'for the accc I The forn llution, the ^responsible jby a vote o %f the Depi JfouT years. .people is 1 iequally ace About t^ the Coloni hands of t and their s had a voic London, ai Mines, am right to re This no eoramence Bridges, ^ Hieans for But alt act so. The Ca Kite W. L The rebel! the cause. system of Blended tl other Col ■ This re gress of tl ;, Our Ri fsales of L ^of the nat :«ontlst c\i are pood, enabled t jnent of 1 It is 1 Sillin, &ttber| «en shillings, p. On leav- a sbiUing.— • F ours. Tay- ts, and fowls, oistlet of the as and broom , seemed like was one and up through , called Ben lattering my- So indeed I iccosted by a I pence more. ;o Aberfeldy, all to seven landman wh» oil for riding t from Saint an extent of •ews towards md over it a \ its way to 1 Ports and idy, and the schools, and about eight r Schools, a ead of them to all classes ' money from. 11 le public revenue. Parochial Teachers are trained and crasseJ, and lach allowed an annual bounty according to hio class. Female Teacher| [re in like manner trained, licenced, and classed, but their require* raalifications are lower, and their bounties also. The principal religious denominetioBS are Roman Cathshcs, Baptists, pilpisoopalians, Presbyterians, and Methodists, who, with several othe* TmaHer bodies, arc all placed on a looting of cq«al\ty- /i«''\*'''t seither tythes nor church rates, nor in fact any established church at ill ; but there are plenty of congregations and places of worship, and Bvery denomination supports its own preachers. There is but littler mtolerance among them— the different denominations often assist each 1** About twenty six Newspapers are publishe'^ inthe Province ; and a Postal Department was lately established, with Offices and Way Office* 'for the accommodation of all the people. . , , t -in *• '. The form of government is in accordance with the Imperial tonsti- -^ution, the Governor being assisted and advised by Councillors, who are- responsible to the Hsuse of Representatives, and removable fyom office' ,bv a vote of the majority. The Representatives, including the Heads %f the Departments, are elected by the people for a period not exceeding -four vears Self government is fully established, and the voice ot tba ■people is heard, and their influence felt ; and th^ highest offices arc 'equally accessible to all ranks and classes. ,,,„,. , . • \bout twenty nine years ago, there was a good deal of discontent in- the Colonies in America. Their public property was chisfly in the hands of the Imperial Government ; all the officers were appomtedy und their salaries fixed, and neither the people nor their Representatiires had a voice in the matter. We sent three separate delegations to London, and obtained the control of all the ungranted Lands, Timber, Mines, and Minerals; we agreeing to pay all the salaries, with the right to reduce those of future incumbents. This negotiation was of great advantage to us, as it enabled ue Vo eoramence that system of improvement, which has given- us our Roads, ^Bridges, Steamers, and Railways; and furnished us with such ample Hiean"s for the encouragement of Education. , , ^ ^ a Rut although our delegation was successful, that ot Canada was- ■ ^''^Th^ Canadians rebelled, and the leader of the insurgents was tho- rite W L Mackenzie, who had been one of their delegates to J.ondon. The rebellion was quelled, and the Earl of Durham sent to^eiiquire into the cause. His Lordship imputed the discontent to the irresponsible Wstem of Government which had so long existed there, and recom- Biended the adoption of responsible Government in Canada, and all the- other Colonies. , , ., p ii « >« This recommendation was adopted, and under the new form the pro- m-ess of the Colonies has been rapid. ir n , Our Revenue is raised from Import Duties on goods, and from the "^sales of Land and Timber ; and as we are not required to bear auy part !of the natiomU expenses, it is all expended in the Colony. Oiir Exp<)r »• :«o.u-;st chiefly of wood goods, ships, and fish, and when the markets- are Kood, our Imports- are correspondingly large. We are generally -enabled to grant about £25,000 sterling per annum for the encourage- ment of Education, and an equal sum for the improvement of our roads.. It is made optional with intending settlors whether the land b® n ©Btained by money payments, or by labour. It may be purchased at the auction sales which take place in every County once a month, at the upset price of two shillinga and five penco per acre ; and it the money at the sale be paid down, a discount of twenty per cent, is allowed. But in cases where men. of eighteen years old and upward*, June, wh< down, and I time to set t 4he branchei «(nd 4)«ra>ncfe« aliowea. j>u* m ea»«» wucic men' w» v^.p,..-- j r ' \a. i a,, aot bei:ig the owners of any land, desire to become settlers, smh person* ^ ; amd «h can have each one hundred acres of land wherever they may chooso the same, for two shillings and five pence ai> acre without competition., and may either pay tor it in money, to be expendsd on the Roads, or work out the value of the money at an estimated rate, allowing lo*r year» wherein to complete the payments. In all cases of sale by auction., grants under the great ??«aJ oi^ the Province are- issued, conveying the land to the purchaser, his heirs and assigns, for ever. But in cas«» where conditions of settlement are attached, no grant will be issued until the party has cleared five acres, and lived one year on the land. Intending settlers have lately been encoufaged to form Associations, and apply jointly. The track of ungianted land is chosen by the Applicants," laid out in the form of an- obbug square with a Road lengthwise in the middle, and a tier of lots ou each side of the Koad. If the block contain fi/e thousand acres of good land there will, a tew years afterwards, be seen a clearing on. each side of the Iload, from one end of the block to the other, with twenty five families on each side ;. one or two schools ; a place of wor.«hip ; a Post Office ; and a population, eniovinft all the advaivtages of a rural community. About twenty five years ago, thirty Emigrant families arrived in New Brunswick : they were chiefly farm labourers, (English and Scotch ) from the banks of the Tweed. The Government assisted them to settle oaeach sido of a line of iload wliich had just been laid out and the spot MTis about fourteen miles from the nearest settlement. 1 hey ha* a k^rd l)9-in-ning, but they wore hapdy and courageous. At tirst they carried their supplies on their backs, or hauled them on sledges, lor thev had neither horse, ox, nor ass. For a time they had all things m conimon — then they got up separate log cabins,— then a school house, which served on Sundays as a place of worship. 1 sometimes met tnem- there, for 1 was Supervisor of the Iload. , , v. u They were all decently dressed, and seated on the school benches ;; a middle aged man sat behind the desk, and from— -■ The notes which once did long in Zion glide, "r"- (( He wul'd a portion with judicious care. And ' let us worship God,' he said with ip Uod,' ne saiu wiiu solemn air '.."^ old and young joined their voices, and sung delightfully. The prayer* were extempore and appropriate, and the school master read the sermon^ The settlement advanced rapidly; they have now fine well cultivated farms : plenty of horses, carriages, cattle, and sheep ; two Kirks ; two Con-rec^ations ; several schools, two Post Offices, and a Mail Coach passTng^through their settlement every day, Sunday excepted Eq.^lly successful were a number of pow Emigrants from the south of Ireland, who settled on a tract of land a few miles distant. They also began with nothing, and at the end of the second year gathered nearly ei"ht thousand bushels of roots aftd grain ; made four miles ot Toad and accumulated property to the amount of £2000. The land in New Bpunswick, with the exception of some deep bogs, h covered with a natural growth of forest trees, and the first process i» to cut them down and burn them. following B] 'JThe lOBt •crop will CO AVheat, ' liho stumps .and Timotil grownd. 3 «nd coverir Turnip see plants ^in vith potat ■and grass Abwndamt annually i chiefly co> very prod' kmt laod «iid ^onal About tkecayed tl first time oo plongl ' The inl Lumbere sind Labo the soil, property. I« reg contentei «Dd fa«a *fraid o^ who ha-^ want ov belp t^ Farm t« ability t and con them, c We wa S morafa * own «3 which i EmigTJi limited BOW in Sain ready i ,4J9^jagM»wnm«tttm^ I n lurchased at a month, &t and if the per oenfc. u> nd upwards-, 3U)Ch persons y choose the petition', and iad», or work g fowr years by auction!, inveying the But in case» ill be issued n the land. Associations, losen by the with a Road of the Road, re will, a few )ad, from one in each side ;. , a populatioPi rived in New and Scotch,) them to settle out, and the t. They had) At first they n sledges, for I all things in- school house, mes met thent' lool benches;; in air !." The prayers id the sermon. «rell cultivated fo Kirks ; two a Mail Coacb ipted. from the south liatant. Th«y year gathered e four miles ol' )me deep bogs, first process ift • /• n i^of \a ♦b« best time to cut thew I Jan., when ifhe trees '^-J J^ ^J^nVbrlh^^^^^ dry, is the best down, and August, ^^.^^^f^.^^^,^^^^^^ leaves and «o^ of 4i„,e to set the fire^ If t^«J*y "*, ^^ ^^.„,d blackened. The logs the branches will be ««»ri"^^.'4"JjL?to^t».er m Wps and burnt .crop will can««only pay alUl.e cost «t^^^^^^ ^ ^J;„ ^hcat, fcarfey, oat« 1^»^' .p^^|,^'X\arrow. (Jrass seed (Clover *hc stumps and covered with •^J''^^^^^^ , j,^ i„g » bush over the .and Timohhy) are then «7" "J^^^^^^J^,^, Z^^ or four cuts in a place ground. Potatoes arj planed by^«y«^fe ^^^^^ •„ ,^^ ,,„,« wny. Snd covering them wit*i«arrtK J^^iaY^ P ^^ ^^ ^ ,1 Turnip seed is sown J>r;f j^'^^Crou'^^o^" with ttimips, oripbnted plants tihinned o«t by ha«.d. A^h^ h^o ^^ ^^^ ^.^^^ l\ih potatoes or Ifidian corn the hrst yea afterwardi. *„d ^ass seed the seoond y^.^J^'^J''*^'^J^^^r^ md field being Ab«nda«t <.rops are coimnonly ra^^ m «us ^ ^^, ^^^ ::5 ro:lld, by new ^^'-^ ^ -^^'^J^^d'^ ; th. roots are so muc. About ten years after the trees "^J^^*""^^' Tbeplo^gfc, for the Lumberers, Merchants =5*''Pf''""*'f .i,em are employed iti cultivating .„d Labourers. The largest J -^^ ,^'^;l^^k^^, U ^ agricultural the soil, a«d preparing ^'^, V^"^. J _-o^rtv in the Province, property.^xoeeds m ^^^ * V^^Td rdvTS^^^ at. comfortabk an4 I« regard to Lmigration, • !^o«itt aav f tbcmseWw cont^ntld, a«d who hav^ a *-'[ F«*J^!*^ iXt want tliose who are «d fa«ik3, to re«.am ^^^^ '^y ^.' ^ TmnL's beat; but thosr *fraid of kard afeo^r or ''•"j^'^ *^^; ^-^'Z prospcct'of age and Farm tenants whose. '-- ^^.S 4 a -a^lelT o^t their eff^^^ ability to pay tfee ''^'^^J^^'' ^rbrfnging from £200 to £500 with »nd come over to « .S^«\f 7°"' J/ J^Jtage farms partly cleared, them, could h^ and ''«P^*^^« ^^^Sre'taOv^u^ H^^ ^^ ^^^ We want, in short, hardy and ^f'^f ^^^j^" ^ ^^^, with then morais aad wdustrious ^'1^'*?' *^'*',17 JJJu uTat i»lai« ifldependence own ha«ds, md «ho would be conten^ '^'y^ ail LC^ the Provin*. which t*« .o^ntry - ^^un^^^^^^ J^gi/us p«.r, or with very ^rZ:lX^^^'^ ^--' --^ ^^^^ '^'"^^'^^' ^"' "* now in comfortable ^'''=V^^Z^^h\r^mf^si Port, aad from it ther« aw u "There are many other Porta to which Ships from the Unitea Kingdom «lso resort ; such as Saint Stephen, Saint Andrews, Saint George, Le- preaux, HillBboro',Moncton,Shediao, Buctouche, Richbucto,Miramiohi, fiathurst, Dalhouflie, and Campbelt(m ; and these are vesiels fliat aailto Home of those places with passengers every year, the price of a passage arangiag from £S to £5. The spring is the best season of the year t« leave, as the Emigrants have the summer before them, and will be better «ble to get good places for the winter. There are Agents to advise and direct Emigramts on tfieir arrival, =and to assist then in finding employment. But it is not prudent for ^uch persons as 1 have described, on their arrival, to become purchasers •of land. It .would be better for those who have a little money to wait for a tima, or totaikc farms on lease, or on shares, in order to be able, ^ultimately, to make a judictous purchase. Single men and women, as a general rule, would do well to hire out for a time, in order to leara ithe work and ways of the country. For the encouragmentof those who incline to go, I «will -now, if yon will excuse *1kj egotism, grv« yon, in conclusion, a -biief outline of my own career. I was born in Forfarshire in 1790, and ^red to country work. I sailed from Dundee to New Brunswick in 1810, -and began •to work as a common labourer. In -^leven years I sjwved about je200 •sterling, with which 1 4)ought one liundred acres of land, got materials, •built a house, and oommenoed house-keeping. In 1830 I was elected ^8 one of the County Members to serve in the Provincial Parliament, and hald the seat for twenty years. Her Majesty l^e Queen was then ■pleased to appoint me a member for life of the Upper House, where I reinained for four years ; b«t at the call of my former constitutents, I resigned my seat and was again elected, and held a seat in the Lower House six years longer; so I have served in the Legislature thirty years, six of whioh I Jiave heen an Executive Councillor and Survi^OT General of the Colony. I did much laborious