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1 2 3
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l^^^v*!
?s.
«»<»
AN S W E R
c 1— •'"^'"'^
TO
Dr. Mayhew's Obfervations
ON THE
CHARTER ANP CONDUCT
O T T H E
SOCIETY
F O R T H E '
PROPAGATION of the GOSPEL
in Foreign Parts.
3y ifk^T^aj JccJOby* — 4/^. ^
■ ■■' ■ ■ ' ' ■ " " ' .11. -.11 II I / "II. I II I I I I I. . . .■I. — I I .
wtmm>m,m^, \ n » i i n i >
LONDON: Printed. //(T^ ^ //^
5 O iJ T O N : Re-Printed, and Sold by ».
• and S. Draper, in Newbury- Strffct ; Ede«
and Oihh in ^icen-StruS ; & T. & J.f LiJjET^
Jn CornbiU. J 7 64.
I'
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A N
ANSWER
T Q
Dr. JMayhevJs Obfcrvations.
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(
DR. Mayhewh ^ Book is written* partly ag^inft
the Church of £/f^/(//ti in general ; partly againft
the Condu£^ of the Society for the Propagation of
the Gofpelf in fettling Minifters of that Chur<;h
in the Majfacbufetts and (UnfieRicut ; partly againft ap-
pointing Bi(hops to refide in his Majefty's American Co-
lonies. The nrft, though not formally prppofed by him
as one Head of his Work, appears to b^ in his View throvigh-
out the whole of it. And if Satisfaclipn be previpufly
given to candid Pcrfbns on this Point, they will be bett^
prepared for conHdertng the other two.
He objeds againft the Conftitution at)4 Worfliip of the
Church of f/r^/dW, as unfcriptural f Now even b^id he
atteniptf d to bring Proof of this* it wouki only lead intp
9 long Difpute, very little conne£led with his prqfe(7e^
3ut^{ti and into which he declares, // wa4 h no Means bis ^
*JPeJign t9 enter ^, But inftcad of Prppfs, hc contgnts
himlelf with bold Aflcrdons, reproachful N^n^cf , and lu-
difcrpys ReDrefentatjons ; a likely Method ind^^d to plea^
ab? PreJHdiCSdi and carry the Thpu|;ht|e(s a}opg with him,
but
* The ,<^ot(|tSoM oat of Dr. Ma^hevt't Obfcrvauont are taken fmxa
ijtt i?i^/i^diiio8.wKid) cootaiot 147 Paget. thcAntiriaan bath i ;6 1
4 ^n Anfwcr to Dr. MaWe^
.btttnoC to perfuade the Cooilderate and Judicious. What*
ever the DoAor may chink of our Church, it hath ever
been highly honoured by foreign Proteftants. The
Jjitherans prefer it to the Calvtnift Communion, the
Calvinifls to the Lutheran t the Greets to both : which may
fufficiently judify the Exprcdion, underftood in a Latitude
not uncommon, that all other Perdiadons ef^eem it next to
their own f. And further, moH;, if nor aU of them, blame
the Englijh Diflenters for fcparaiing from it. The Doctor
feems to entertain the worfe C)pinion of it, becanfe the
Members of the Church of Rtme likewife efleem it more
than they do others *. But we have to reply, that they
hate it more al(b, as the mod dangerous Enemy to their
Caufe, and ftrongeft Bulwark of the Reformation. If
there be fome Appointments in it, which the Scripture doth
not require ; (b have there been from the firft in the
Church of New-England too, as may be fcen in the
Appendix to the Hiftory of that Country, written by Mr.
Neale, a didenting Minifler : and (b there are in all the
Churches of theWorld. Ours hath not many things of this
Kind, nor lays great Strefs upon them : and to chink in*
if i^'rent Things unlawful, is as unreafonableaad as fuper-
iluious, as to think them neccflary.
He fpeaks with Horror of its enormous Hierarchy^ af-
fcendin^ by various Gradations from the Dirt to Sites t ■'
and rejemhling that of the Romiili Church, in which one
j^reat prelate frejides over the whole $. What he means
by the former Words, belides indeterminate Abufe, per-
haps he could Jiot cafify explain. That there are diffe-
rent Ranks of Med in civil Govemnient, was never held
Co be an Objcftlon agaiuit it : ;ij]d where is the Harm of
it in EccleGadical ? In the Presbyterian Hierarchy, one
is raifed conGderably above another^ though the Preference
uraally may be temporary : and tlieir A^s of Tower have
been as enormous, as thofc of the Englijh Btlhops former-
ly ; andiire much greater than thofe of the Englijh Bilhops
now. In his favourite Compsrifoo of our Church to the
Romijhf the Doftor quite mil!akes the Matter. Not one,
but two Prelates, prefides. over the Church of England ;
and four over her SKler Church of Ireland : which grie-
voui]y
t Pag. 1^6. • p. 127. X P '5$. J p. ^7. '
4
t
4v
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I
An Aiftxm fo Dr. Ma YHEw'j Ob/ervatiom, s
voufly CfOAh the Similitude, thtt he would make out. And
all thefe frefiie in SubordwatUn to the kinji^ at he well
knows ; tnoush he dKingenuouHy hints a Doubt of it by
his ironical Words, I hope* \ ac the fame time that, I be-
lieve^ he would deny it to be in Subordination to the King,
that He prcfides over the Weft Church in Bofton. As to
the 'Dirt, which he mentions : If fome Clergymen of our
Church are very low in the World, fb arc fome of every
Church ; nor do they deferve Scorn for it, but CompafTion.
And that any of ours are to high, as to do Harm, or
caufe Fear, by their Elevation, the Pcrfbns. amongfl whom
they live, find^not : and he, who is placed lb remote from
them, had better judge by the Experience of others, than
by his own heated Imaginaiion.
Bifhops, in his Language, arc the mitred lordly Succe/^
fori cf the Fijkermen ^ Galilee §. Now if Mitres offend
him, our Bifhops wear none. If they are ftiled Lords, ir is
becaufe, by the ancient Conftitution of our Country, they
fit in the upper Houfe of Parliament : where. 1 believe,
they arc thought as ufeful Members as the rcf!. And I
know not, whether the Doftor's Modefty would propofc,
that our Conftijuiion fhould be altered in this refpcft, or
whetlier a much wifer Man could forefeetheConfeqaences
of fuch an Alteration. Men may be Lords, without being
lordly : and they, who have profeffed to abhor the Nime,
have carried the DKbofitionof domineering to the Height;
and lorded it over tie Confciences and the Liberrits of
others, as much as any who have worn higher Titles.
"What Intimation lies concealed under the Terms Fifker*
menof Galilee ; and whethf r, in the Do£lor*s Opinion, all
^'liniflcrs of Chrift are to follow (brae Traoe, he hath not
explained, nor told us what his own i& But certainly
reviling his Brethren is a very bad one.
He alio charges the Church of England mxh Perfccntion;
and particularly with driving outtheAnceflorsof theprefent
Inhabitants of New*Kngknd into that Country f , Now it
!8 a Matter of Notoriety, that theLawfulncfsofPcifecurion
is no Doctrine of our Church : and there are few of its
jMembers, if any^ now, who approve it, or do not deteft
it. But we mud acknowledge, that, when the Errors of
* the
• Pag. 6ar. § p. 138.
t P 129.
»h
4 jfn Atifwer to Dr. M A ff E w'/ Ql^fermfoifs.
theChurfih pf J^mi were C9(l cC thw wai npf HUfne^li^t^
ly perceived to be oims by ^Imoft ^y of cbo Proti^finit
Cpmmuuions. Xbe Church of Ermtand wrs bv^t li)^^
pthers ; and the Did^m^rs from ic haq npc the Xs^Si P^rep
more of a tolerating Spirit, perhaps not ^ fpuph. There
were amongft them peaceably Men, and (b there were a^
mongft us. But in general their avow'd Aim was, npt
]£xemption for themielves, but the DeftruQion of the Ec«
defiadical Eftablifhment ^. On this they were treated -
too feverely, and they returned the Treatment to the full,
as foon as they were able, in the total Overthrow of Church
^nd State. Far from exaggerating, I chuft iK>t to finention
the Particulars of their Behaviour. Evesv good Man muft
lament the Faults of both Sides ; but to inveish againft
one with Bitternefs, and leave it to be imagined that the
pther was innocent, which the DoAor doth, 1 hope h^ will
ftt on Recollection is extremely unju(l.
In the Platform ofD'tfiifUne, agreed upon uf the Synod
4^Cambridge i;t New-England, in i<$48, and publifheq by
Air. NeaU^ in his Hidory of that Country, it » declared,
that Herejy is to be reftrained andfuntjhed by the Ctvi/Mt'
gijlrate ; and that if any Churches grow fchijmaticah or
walk contrary to the Rule of the fFbrd, he is to fut forth bis
coercive Power, as the Matter fball re^uiret* Accordingly
"Mr.Neale himfelf very honedly confefles, that theChurches
<?/" New- England, were formerly very uncharitable to thofi
who differed from them, and had no Notions of Liberty of
Confcience, but were for forcing Men to their public .AJfemr
bites by Fines and Imprifinments* + On their putting |o
Death fcveral Quakers, as they did before and after the ^
Restoration » tlH an Order from King Charles the Second .
prohibiited them §, he hath thefe Words : New it appeared,
that the New England Puritans were no beUer Frtends ta
Z>iber!y of Confcience^ than their jidverfaries ; and that the
'Queflion between them W0S ngt, whether one Party ofChri-
ft tans fhould bpprefs another J>ut who fhouldhave that Power, ^
JMay, the Quakers affirm, that they tt^bo had loudly cried out
* See this fully proved in Mtddox't Vindicatioa of the Church tf
England.
\ Vo\ II p 306 t Vfl. ir p. 148, 249. § Vol.1, p 3J4'
II Ibidi p. 329. ,
i\
AnAnfwi^ toDf.MA'f h bw'/ Ob/ervaii6ns. j
•f the Tyranny gni Optriffion oftbi Bljhops in Old En«
glands frem 4vbotn tkeyfiid, when fettled in a Place, where
they had Libiriy to gevern, made their little Finger ofCry'
eltf bigger t Ihart ever they found the Loins of the Bi/hofi.^
Dr. Nuyhew indtf^ iaith^ that Stoerities were ufed againjt
theQyaUn, Muih left under the Notion of their being'Dif'
fenters from //(^publick Mode ofJVorlhif, than of thei^
bein^ Dijhtr^ers cf the Peace and religious ^J/^mblies\,
But (till Seyeririef were ufed tgainft them on the farmer
Accouhc ; and rhey jodly obfe^Vd iii Mr. Neale, chat
0§hottg ci chf) latter Kind have never been thought wohhy
of Death by any civilized Nation t» But the DoAor a(ks»
Aiptwfing the N^w Englonders to have perfecuted the
Quaktfrs^ From whom did they learn this Practice f Efifco*
fdliitm certainly fhould lay their Hands upon their Mouths §.
Now the plain Truth is, that all ProteOants learnt thii
Fra£Eice from the Church of JRomf^ ind all Ihould lay their
Hands upon their Mouths. But the Doflor hath no Right
toopehhisaswide ashe pl^fes, and require us to fhut
ours.
t Qod. be thanh^, the Memb^i^sof our Church ar^ gtbwti
wifei^ and niilder ; the Difl^nters in general, lam fuUf
perruaded>are(btoo.* tod it ishi^ Tim^, chat fuch oT
cx>th iWiieSi as are not, (hould. But Perfdrniinccs, lik6
the Do^hn^s, catinot furely coiltribut« to this good End t^
mongft <^ith^« Heikfl&res us indeed it the Beginning,
that he hvStiz Regard to Truth andjuftici,^\i\i an jiver*
fion to Co/ftrover^ f ; and at the End, that he honours
aandidand moderate Men of all T)tnominations, and would
not iihfiecej^rily give Offence to any Per fin of the Eptfcopal
Perfuaftdn\, One muft fuppofe, that he believes himfelf ;
arid as far as is pofTible, 1 would believe him alfo. Some
Perfbns are ftrangely TubjeA to fudden Guds of Palfionl
and iay and do Things in them, for which they are hcardly
forry die next Hour. But were this the Doftor's Cafe in
writing, he would blot out the injurious EimreiTions which
had dropt from his Pen. Therefore his Malady hath a
deeper Root in his Frame, and influences him more con-
ilantly, though if may be without his perceiving it. For
I
,f Cr^ntt IVeftc^ tP Bi/hffl'% NrvyStiniand In^fjiA. t p 79-
:t: Vol. I. p. 331, 332. § p. «•. f p. 7- I P Ml-
8 j4n j4nfwer to Dk M a y h k w'/ Obfervaiions.
r
lam excccdintly unwiiJing co think, thtt he infcris hit
<]uaiifying ami healing Ciaufes with an artful Defigi to pro«
cure himlelf a Difpenraiion for Kis Outraget. However
that be, his ProFelGons.thar he doth not intend to do what
he hath been doing juA before, und doth again (bon after
with all his Might, are ProteHations againii Fa6^, which
cannot be admitted.
«* ,but whatever Concediuns a Gentleman of this Turn
•
makes. taliis Adversaries, are to received with greatRegard,
for any may be (urc they are not too larae. Let ut
^lercfore begin with thefe, in confidering his Remarks ^on '
the Charter and Conduct of the Society. • > ^
. He owns, that // h<ttb a Right to -flant Ckutcbes, tofupm
port Mrffions and Schools y^c, in many of iheBnt'v^G^ Ameri-
can Cotonits ; and adds, that no one, who hath evir rtad the
Charter t can poffibly imaginf, . that its Care and Charity
ought to he confined to the Heathen Slaves in, or the Sava^
ges bordering on, the Plantations ^, Yet many have been
Ted bqtb toUiisagine and to adert ihis,merely from itsName.
Jt is hoped, that for the future they will confefs and re-
. piember their Miftake. Htfowns iikewiftychat in three
pidri^s of New England, i, e. New Hampfhire,
'Hhode-Ifland fftd Provldeince, much lefi Care hath been
taken for the Support of a publick H^or/bip,\h%n in the
reft f : and that a few Miffions from the l^iecy might be
needed in thole, particularly in Khode^lflandX, And he
blames them as imnecefliiry, only \nthe Maffacbujetts and
ConneBicui, Nay, he declarae, that in theie // is by no
means his Intention to ^bargt that venerable Body with any.
*wilful known Mifiondu^^ or improper ^Application of Mo*.
nies, even though (^ny incautious EMprefflm JhouU at firjl
View have the jipfpttanceoffuch an \Accttfation §. Agaia
he faith, I would by no means be underftoody as charging /b
refpeSiahie a Body svith any wijfkl crimiwi Mufe ^f
J^ower |. Accprdingiy, after <IecJaring hit 7>efignio fhew
that they have infome refpfCls counteraSfed the Rnds of
their Jnftitution, he adds, hcu'ever contrary So ihgir Intent
tion^. JHc-haih alfothefee/^^reis Words : That tbg $9^
ciety have chiefly fent their Miffionaties mto ibpfi BritiilaL
Plantations^
* P;«. 12, 13. t V 3'6- X f 46. ; i p. 7^ i\f fj.
4\
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Phmafiohs^here'fhey w^renvtch fteedeU,aA^A)^tVt1k(>Ut
Ih/igff iff their ffijftfutf^ ; an^ fhtii itfty 6ms btNb^fi^t^
the mirejj (fReiigioh in tf^n^hbymifieani dehied : n inHf^
viry cH^ihiiil to (hiy fheih the Frdiil\ that is juftb iiti'ib
thm m this Refped. 1 honour t\A Dbaof ft)r tfc«te l\^
ftiiiccfe bf Gandol- ; and if he hid prcfehYcd th* filinb1|^^
ftt- throughout, (hould cith^ havd had hb CdmiMi^HV
with Mm, or haVe engaced in the frifchdif Debttt^^ Wkw
t^i^afbrc : Whereat now the fVcqa^c and copibus lOSVifdittt
^^a badSt^rit in his WoHc make (v^h A^rtii^tHioftts liftoti
\\\^ unavoidable, as I %idiM otheflK'ii^ gladly hitb fjAit^;
Hts Chni'gc ^tl th^ S^ci^ty is, that they have 'maintaimf
Epffc^pdl Ghf/rches, where other Prvheflant dhttrebifJ ^^
hjbn piled, and the Athninijlratihn of God's WhrU itnif
Qrd^dfices prwi<redfir,\\ with i formtilDefm which thej^
hnk^e ^g hnd, to ro<^ out Prd^byterianifm, ifc, from 'th€
Q>kmies, NbW this t)di(5iti, infurfiianei otwhiehj he faith,
thty haifehiH ^r^tiiMeafur'eneglededthe Ends ef their Irfffi'
tHfron,^ is falVeJjr afcribed to thcrti. iTifcy have hevei?
formed a Sqheme to root out Prefbytcrianifm, ^c, m. ^M
Goldnics, either by Fbrce, whicti the Doftbr cbttM not
faeHWi though the Word ttiofl: rtatiwtly fiiggcfts it, or t^ek
by Argiiinehe and Per/uafibn. Uiidoubt^ly they would
be v^rjr glad, if all th^ Ifihabirdnts were oJFth* Cofnitmhioii ,
^the Chufch d? Enghhd: as tindoubtfedlt thfe Ddftbf
^feilld, if they \^erc all bf his Gofmnilriibn, Btit thdjr hiiVe
feht ho ^ferfohs to efft:6t this. He atteriipts tb pro^ the
tiftkrirf from the folloi^lng inftrtiftioh, ^veh bf ttldfti to
their MilTiotTbries : fhdf (hey frequently vift Mr yegtifi"
the Pdr't/hioHers ; tfyoji ^ oh'f' tUvH Oommitnibn, to i^ ihhii
phdf in the Prtfmntind'Frdaide of keligiim, a} MWJ^
ii^ tfie Cf^urch tf Eftglatid ; th^'fhist o^fe us.orm'^
ftofn iis, U cdfhihce aAd rklaiffi ibem with a iptrtiofMi
nefs itMQmiinefsl\ His Words on Mi Gecifibri k^6V
This cleu^)- flf^hvi, ixsikt they a^ tft^Y, ft nvtft- dffom
O^^rkMf^^i ihdi WlL m eonftd^Hd as Fdrt/BtoHeH of We
Mjimdrres, ito left ihdk fr}ifep3 Efifcefdlidhs. Md iffP
' - ' -B • . tf^'
' if' *J- *" Pag' 86. t Collc^lioDof Papcw, prI»U(J l?y Prdei of
t^e Society, jp. 24»
to. j4tt Anfwtr to Dr, May HE-w^sOi/irvaimf,
I \
{lru£tion plainly relates, not toMiifionaries fettled in P^
bjtman or congregational Partihes, for there, wei^e none fo
iettl^^d when it was dtawn up, but for Incumbents of epif-
copal Parifhes, though with a Mixture of DiiTdnters. And
they would of courfe underfland, that endeavouring to con'
vince and reclaim the latter wag not to be their /lated and
principal Bufinefs, but occalional only and incidental, vlf
the Do^iior (hould happen to fpcak of the Epifcopaliaas re*
Tiding in his Pariih, as Part of his Patiihioners, and fay,
that he (Iiould endeavour to reclaim t hern with a Spirit of
Meeknefs ; would this be a Proof, that he was fixed there
with z formal Deftgn to root out Efnfcopacy in it ? If t^iere
be Initances, in which MifEonaries, who have no 1^1 Pa^
riihesy have ufed the fame Language ; (for he quotes nonc^
and I remember none) it only follows, that they have ex*
prefled themfelves improperly, and 0iould be fet righ^ whep
it is obferved.
-5^ Another Evidence produced by the Doftor is, that irith^
Aumnt of the Society ^ publifbed in 1 706, after Jpeaiim ^
the independent Congregations in Nev/ England, theyjay^
•* Several other Ways of Divijion and Separation Sdfbmuch
** obtain in other of our Colonies ^ Plantations, that this madf
^ it more necejpiry to think of providing for a regular and
*^ orthodox Minifiry^ to promote^ as much as poffibk, 0n
** agreement in Faith andWorJhip?^ This^ he Saith, can
ffiean nothing, more or lefs, than Uniformity, or a general
Conformity to the DoSlrine, Difcipliue and Worfhip of the
Church of England.* I have not been aWe to procure this
discount, or to learn by whom, or whofe Order, it was com-
piled. But the Paflage quoted from it, exprefly fpeaks,
not of independent, or any Gragregations in New England^
but of other Ways of Divifton and Separation in other Cobh
nies, and therefore is nothing to the Doftor's Purpofe : be-
lidcs that, as much Agreement as pojible, in Faith and Wor^
Jbip might be far lefs than a general Conformity to the
, Church
iPa^.£9. 'p. 86, ^7*
. 1
»,^
i
Ai^ Mnfvurta Dn Ma yheV/ Objcrvaiioi^> i i *
'•■'-■'.. . ' ' , '
Churfb afSuj^tmd ; which it might be impoffible to obtain*, '
and jm aiQdnr-an Approach to it as could be obtained,
nn^lt^ eten k his opinion, be more deiirable, than lettbg -
them contiil^e in their prefent Way. For how bad that,
wa^app^ursinotf^
' ^Thc rTTrQil Conduct of the Society, with rcfpeft to Pro-
vinces aiicl Biriihes not epifcopal, hath been, to contribote
, towards ^ftipportii^ publick WorlHip and Infthi^on a^
mongft fuch Members of the Church of Eng/and, as cannot
. ii^ Confcience comply with the WoHhip and Indrudion of
the other Congregations in their Neighbourhood, ^ndyet^
cannot wholly .maintain Minifters for themfelves. The
moil of thefe will ufually be in the mofl confiderable
Towns ; and for that Reafon it is, and not with a View of
making Converts, as the Do^or pretends,^ that epifcopal
' Miniilers are fcttfed in fo many confiderable Towns* of
New England, But they are fettled no where, till a com*
petent l^timber c^ our reople inhabiting near, requeft it,
and fubfcTtbe what they are able. Nay, thefe Requefts *
Have often, both formerly f and lately, been rejefted, or
poflponed for many Years together, when the Number did
not appear to be fufficient, or the Society apprehended, .
that too much of their Money was going this Way. And
Were it but known, as it feems to be in fome Meafure'to the .
Diflenters themfelves, { how continual and importunate the
Calls and Expoflulations of fuch Perfons are, the Impartial
would wonder, how the Society could withfl^d fo many of
them, as it hath done; Thefe are plain Evidences, that
MifHonaries are not fent to New England for the Purpofc;
of making Profelytes to Epifcopacy. Accordingly, which •
is a funher Evidence, they have no Dire^ons, publick or
private, given them to make any, or to preach at all upon '
difputable Points: but on the contrary, one Rtde laid
down for them is, that they keep always in View tbepreaf
Defign of their Undirtakif^,\iz, to promote theCloryrfGod,
ana the Salvation (f Men, by propagating the Gq^iofour
Lord and Saviour ; || and anomer is, that the chief Sufy'e^
Ba of
, 'P Pag. 46. t See Humphjt^s hiftorica! Account, p. 61, &c.
X See Mr. Hobart\ fcrious Addreic, p. 1 3 3. 1 ^8. fj CoUeftioQ
. ff PaperK, p, 20.
«'
:A-
1? -^-(^f4f*P«!M>^WiK^'' <^W^^
J?o^ cap .^Mjf on»i^ eg^lY ^iiRffBPllf»***^«WI-^'
dons of the Society, thus manifefted. S^^rat 9$ tj|^9t»^
haj^ in4epd. ipi^Ke^ highfe^ S38^f^ie% pgffelp^ ^ fe tltit
%e ijBumf^ODed i^ mh »^tf?m\^r» in< ideir ht»&i^ 9fli
t^4g)f which tfeiy %yft:WM:tiPI Wnflf^Q^^ 93»r«f-k4
t^lPerfoQs, whj? p£ t¥$ir <»«R> Acc^^i frar» Ciwdofay' or
oUscr M9tives,^^^4fi4 ifh ©r if ihryHOW ^d thca do-
jiii^n^,tl>€in|l^ asiR^kJr^ CQ»¥$r^ t)i<iy dfo nQ^ecexf
t9 the h^ of 9iy Rein^at>ni9jQi& meaitiod: ;hi9^ «i th^ Eoi'
fof whicjj ^^ were ^p^m;^ Di^. ^^bnfdn^ ope of t^
ofoefl, <^ t^eia^ ^o(e^ i^ .t|0$ ^ ^e fp^ iji theie Words 7
^«r cktefjind frqh4 Buftn^i, k^ frfifitijitc BlfsnUrs tax tht
S^rfjb^ if E^^dX^-'-Qur cj^^, bujtne/s />, P6 niniftifr to^
^v^qre^ Chfircb Beppki a^if ti)is pmves theiOccd*
A'^^^i^^'^^J'^S ^ ■W)^^'^ «X *^ W what maynat^alfy
Si e3i^jsi\e4i, wmn tfyiy, by_ i/foi m^nst hsvt Opfortumty h
/%WV^^. /;^ Mv^ntagf ifo/kour Side.\ And^Mr.
Be/ub^ 9j^i^ almofl; i| np^ qi|ice> as o!d« faith, Uis not tb^
J?6&* ^^hf Cbnrt^r* tbal tMSockty JhouldfiiidMiJ^on-
Of^s tffi ^o^an P<e^by ^erjans /« tM Cburcb. : ofid^t is a
iij/Jt^JSg^/^ tafayJb8y.d(k'r''Tkey mvfir.ftnd\MJjhnme4
/(3L c^9^rt Mrotefi^nts t^t^ Qhutchi(fr^io^vidLi bid tommi*
Jfyr t(^fib^rcb'Mei^ii: ^ndi/IXfJ/sntfrs by (hab means are^
iMa^.t^tfi^Cfmrdj^ ff3$y^ 49< iV)ti tiipkf by this any Ei>ih
m^. %Hi k tb^Tmtin ^fda/liife Truth.^: Accdirdmgi^
JI^L ''^§1^;^ e4»!Sta>l.e JVftSoamy : tifes. the fdiowing WDr<j^
i%a 5apef i^ pwed^ wWeftl l|»ye fcen. , *f ^ Meime very>
« Jjm-
f Colfeftlonof i»3pcrs, p. 63. \ %f. to Mr. fi<»4^A#*s Vindicaiioil,
♦^11
are-
K*
cells us he is faid to have done, that he dejires. n0 (» m0i0i
m S^i^fim th0. i9^g^^'^m4 Ghmi^f TFte Di^«»or
I^pr to tM S(ifi0tyt ^fukufn 4((;^^m^ i^kipQgf^tMgimm
ojftky a Qi^qr qf SQ9»imen|9 i» Pei^s^^Q^Qfhitir 9<t%»*
iioas» without »to^4^AJr/j?^iot^ci^ .^ Tll»rDQftor«¥ilj»
iV^ <^ ttfiMFiUifiS i!^ p9rc!i»!«e. h olwQm s^ Sktiuiiooi etoti-
t^ bel^ kiidr ^ comqe offi bjf ikpip0^^ ^t f^k^r kk
}lfmmk/uch 4^J$om :■ ^i«g,^ wk ^kich 'h0r hjf^
4q b^m^ bejirk noka^ Huiet d^fa^nt^. But hatll JAr^ .
cir tji^ CollfgjB i K BQt, wby^ is. » ppflt l^oilfeife^
^^iQ%^(br)M> tahtor;. and a.^ Di^^poifttmea^ Aii^mM
e^ Uppcss^^whkK fee <}plh iiRt: appjtai? (0 have«(tH«mlutti<?^
'\^h^ Opo^ not, hi^Dec^tia% an^^iJiital^le Seh^iom iifi
rai^^i^ dSfc^irad anotbefi pFPQf» tliAt the; MiCuinarifl^ HMbtSt
ftMi^i *«^^ftlfcl!Bfct<f^fc!e^ not Eif^%^'««;lMfl»«efV W>
o^^ii^i9g to^ our 09^. PeGfilc .^ Thi9' I>o^ bfKciNit' Niii'i
dgodi wliti ma]f, fc#n> Oc Prefiijnptui^of th^ tlWIipary^ ^him
fi(tfx^.ti,nlS^rruUG^ m th&Teimof C|f»bndge #iiSy 4#v
t^tlf^Sff^cefofthtiCfjtir^hi^f^jii/e^t^.t^ $m"m
M»$ riq^r^feQted to th.^ 2^1^^ tl:ia$ 5io SKdilktiflliiiag,
%QWSs^: aftd, l^ghl^jujrfipqi wcr«i' drfw» I61 9tfieiA'ife:
AM'ihot^id tfe^ prove much^ fewrecv )fet f^<f»K]ybmlMitt
cfxi^ CJhuflch of l^fund fenci thgif Chiktewjlo |fo¥i«n£ft
C6l}^e tbi^^:. ^. ^eh a Piaec^ of Wordlj^ ai^ tb^-iMMb
tti^ I^ei^ ^mf^ m^f bo t»ifaiiaJHjv;r pfq(iiiilf4 kt
tberii wjfiiout any» E^fig^ of pDoMjnitig' othMi !£b9ii^
I|^ hadi^ 1^0(91, fin^dr &r g{OJ»g CQibw bk om l^tiiofvl
I
t jj^^flijiff aicf^t^ mf^ i7i», J. 63. *^.;#.
9n
it
14^ An'Anfwer /o Dr. MArHEw'/ Ob/ervatioHs.
an cpifeo^ Mitufter, preach. . But in Harvih^ OoXiej^c,
itfeems,. a better Spirit prevails : and it is more likely to
^rifli, both for that Moderation, and for the new Giiilth
built near it.
The DoAor faith, that in fome other Places the Suppli'
emits for Millionaries have not exceeded % or 16, or ii
Heads. of Families.j; But if this be true, they have peti* *
tidned in the Nai^e of others, as "well as their own. And
fuppofiiig the Society to have been mifinfonned about their'
Ntiimbers, this may happen notwithfbnding good Care;
and by no means proves them to have a D^gn, which *
other Circumflances proves they have not
But the Doctor apprehends, that whatever theNuff^j^,^
of thefe Petitioners any where may be, Conicic^e is biiF
feldom their Motive, and therefore they Should not b^
encouraged. Indeed, he fcarccly feems to conceive how-
it can be their Motive ; and wants to be told, ^u^at there it\
that Jhould give Offence to good Protefiofits J in the Presby-
terian or congregational Churches. We muft not call rhe^iy.
^dependent, for he faith the Epifcopalians dffe£t tt^re^^pt-
them under that Name : || though Mr. Ne/^,'l^iSii£'^n
Ibdependent, ufes it frequency, smdkisridiwtp^
not' reproachful at all Nor mud we call th^n Anemblies
cir Communions ; for he hath rebuked Mr. Afthprfitid thef ^
Archbiihop of Canterbury for doing it,* though he 3oifr it '^
hteifelf. In thefe Churches therefore, he watxf;^ fa kjoow
what there is that ca?^ give Offence : and fo ktSL jtefctf
attain into his darling Topick, of abufing the "Qiiikch of
£iiffAi«rf in Gompariibn. However, he irecollefts'that he^
h&m heard foihe Epifcopalians fay, and been told that others
have^faid, that they Jhouid much prefer the Communion tf the
Gkurch of Kotos, f to that of the Diifcnters. And Indee4
none are fo likely as he, and fuch as he, to provoke thofe'
into faying it, who would think very differently in their
coder-Hours. But fuppofmg this to be their fettled Juc^-^
mtnt ; would he have them left to turn Papifls, If they
^ill, bccaufe they are not fo good'Proteftants as they fiioidd
be ? The Church of Rome and it? Society de frofaganda^-
iq woqld
. tPag. 4S. P^ 66. I p. 36. * p. 67. flbl *
-:/J^
-,/<-,»'
m
4
An Anfwer t0 Dr. Mayhevt's Obfervaiwns. 15
woald have ground to thank him for eflablifhing this No*
tion. But if fome of bis own Communion ihouid fay ;|tet
they had rather be Anabaptifts or Q^ers than GiuKdr
men, would that be a Rcafon why they fiiould have no
Miniiler of his Communion amongft them ? I (hould imar
giiie jufl the contrary. Perfons ci different Parties in fi«^,
ligion may think too III of each other, without wifhinglH
to each other at all ; and fo may mean very well, though
they judge greatly amifs. Or even if they mean 111, they
have fo much the more Need of fuch Inftrufiors as they
edeem to fet them right.
But the Doctor, M do the Epifcqxilians ^uftue, doth not
Juppofe that thtfe Senrifnenfs generally prevail among them.
And he admits that fome af them may pojfibly^ without going'
theje Lengths, have confcientious Scruples about the Means ^^
Religion in his Communion* But he puts the word poj/tbly
in Italicks : which intimates, that he thinks it barely poiFi-
ble. And this PofTibility he extends no further, in what
follows, than to allow d[itrtm2iyht fome Things or Circum^
Jlancgs which i hey cannot entirely acquiefce in, or approve of
Now would he,^count us to be mfEciently charitable, if
we conceded only fuch a Poffibility of Confcientioufnefs to
the Diflenters from the Church of England? If not^ why
is he fo extrenjely fparing in his Conceflions to us ? W^
hold it to be probable, we hold it to be evident, that many
DiiTenters who are far from thinking us worfe than Papifli^
yet cannot in Confcience ufe the Means of Religion in Otts
Communion. And furely we are intitled to as favourable;
an Opinion from them. Without maintaining that./^
have no Gofpel Minijlers^ or Sacraments, or Ordinances^ or[
Churches,^ we may apprehend, whether rightly or wrongjy
is not to be difputed now, but fmcerely however^ that £pi^
co^cy is of Apoftolical Inftitution, and that Scripture af-
foras as good Proof of this, as .of the Appointment of In-
fant Baptilm and the. Lord's Day.. We may apprehend
that, after ihe ceafmg of extraordinary fpi ritual Gi£q|^
Forms. pt Prayer were always ufed, more or kf§, rhroughoiit
jhc Churcii of Chrift, and arc Dceiiful for the Obfervance
■'■■•■■'- 4
MW^ fM« mt hiktflir thi^j9M^/(^f\\) ^ 1M^ jtxige
N^tikftfWfVri ib^ u6 to k^ ill tM HcjieAbn ^ ekhei-. J^fljf
HIM ir6 t^I)r tb tMRk €h(»r MMmy^ «Mptitiei \tith <IM
Of^ilr €lHifth,«d lie tiitedii^^rani ittdkt tbn «tir PkA
hr {Mfahring a SejiftNKidil fl*oi^ thtili^ \w 4oilM t>ttc IqU
fti# the jtoeiti "Wfifdt twfi^^f tkd J^c/f DitfditdR
hkMe te.
The DbaxM* ifMle^ ^nl V^y Mc^m t^fdCi^M^ <M
die Non-compliance of our Ptoele : AiN^jS F^ltUmt^
moHtt^ grmMfi Biftufi al At fik$StiMk^^ mf-
JtHifaMm shut iWr MkRam^ dt 4t king iMiti ^
fc ^ Mt ajfim ptfiiiv^ $hat Hi$e9^{h^ ttieum Utrji} ff
niii^ bafb ahtktp beeh Ik C^ft iHithuf Bfctfim *.
Mm again he is remarkably cardFuK rhst hi^ Qmce0H>tfli
m the pcK)tEpirco]^!tans (hall not 4jetiMy ^tA. Aikd
0lceep on even Terms with hifh^ itt do not iimnih p^^
^&y that none ofthefeh^h e^ar been the Cafe. Btit ti^
ihiiftinfifl; that the farodrable Prcfumptioif it the prefer
fiApjeone, and that Men^s P^dfeifion^ tottcenning theit
dirn Inducements, trt CO be credited, uniefs the contrary
i^art; which, acctyrdmg tp the bed Ihtelligenee th^
co^d be got, we bdieve it hath not ordtnai'ity done, in
the Matter nb# under Conltderation. On ohe ttf thdt
Hi^^, /Ptntfhe^ theDodtoi* ekpiains himMf, by ftying^i
fiikt ttiU tji'ttf mi mii; iKilftf iht 6pi/ei9pdikiiti M
j^mhil^m^ RHtnitt t^i^ti^ btit fe^/i^
^pfm tf thirhm €krgy, Efftfeopaey madei^iit
tifmiB^i and chat if ihtyifi4 Mn eiempted frm afi
0^&ii^ taxes m the Sffifkii^iarii almdfi aU^bo Mei
itkir MifUf Mftr than iti^ TUfif ^, m^htin m
Pjurfi ofufi^Tnirf bMl oBcmd the Cmmnhn »/ M
wtBtebf. IBut what needed iSttt^ #hdio^ed thei^ Moh#i^
Hfecer thalft any Thing ^e, tdrn £|)lfii6^1iaM to iWe It^
#hen turning Queers wdtdd hsiire ferved the fante F^^
{K»fe matt e£%natty? And haiva any Ef^eopairinj
turned
% X Cor, XIV. ze. jj Xiom. niv. 4, t ^p- 47. t p- 49.
Attd
prtfe*
f thdt
Hie, in
' thdi
\n m
vt %
turned
1
An Anfwer to Dr. Ma y h e w / Olfirvtitionf 17
turned Quakers, when they found their former Change
would iecurc them no longer } If nor, this Si]g|^e(lkio J9
unauthorized and unwarnmtable* He declines giving
any receni Inftanea of Mens adding upon the Motived
«vhich he allcdges, bccanfe if you will believe bim tobe To
fender, o)done8,\given by another Perfon^ may be left
invidious. Of thcfe he produces two, from a Letter of -
Dr. Celman of BaJioHi written above 50 Years ago to
Dean, afterwards Bifliop iC^nfl//. And he obferv.es rigbt-
Jy, that the Dean in his anfwer exprefies his Belief thac
•they are true. Btit be plainly believed it only on the Lv
•formation of Dr. Colman^ a perfect Stranger to him % nor,
Tan any Inquiry into t4ie real Truth be made now. Ai^
I beg Leave to obferve in my Turn, that according tp
Dr. Mayhew^%o^n Account, Ibr I have no other, the
^Dettn thought the ^iety was authorized t9 plant fpifi^-
rpMlChuukes^ where, though there v/asafotiltdM^mJhyf
tikrC' ^»enz\kkgotdNtimktrSy who toidd not in .Can-
feienci ionftrm to the Ways ofJVorfiiip diffvrtnt frfiifi, tie
eflabUftiid Cbwd> 1^ England^. Therefore aflening,
-that the true and only Defignof the Society, in jei^ii^
•Miflionariesto the MaffachuJHU and ConmStuutt haijb
^always beet»^ co prolicide lor Aich Petfon^ is not^Oj&yv
>Pl«a, ie^vttp«o (^ve a Torn. The Dean had g^od Op-
portunities of knowing its real Purpofes ; and fo worthy
a Manas Dr. Af^^i^w aliowi him to be, wOuld nothave
' written as he hath done, if he had fufpefbed any further
infidious Scheme. Indeed the Society, far irons having
^fofioed a Pfoje6b to epifcopizc ( as the Do^or calls ^)
't\m Country, Imd but three Miffionaries In it {even
Y^rs affcer; and the following oOes went upon noipjthf^r
< Errand than the firft.
After faying that the abovemcntioncd Caufcs product
Fadionisand Parties, and they produced epifcopal Scp^-
rationsi the Doctor goes on to £iy, that divers «/ the
Mi§i9n$ries have hun much injured^ (which thcTf i^ P^
IRmfinU fuppcfe) if they havi mt Jutti ^tm PH&Jn^^
« t>; C fomenting
••^£; 10^55. " '■ '^ " . :: t
I
I
■■¥
iS j4n Anfwer to Dr. Mayhew'j Ohfervations.
fomenting thife BmJions\ yea^ been at the BotMm of
them f. But I take the Liberty of maintaining, that
there is great Reafbn to fuppofe they have been injured*
For in all fuch Difpuces it never fails, but each Side injures
the other; and the Miflionaries would be very fure of
having a double Load of Calumny thrown upon them.
Still, that feme of them may have been to blame in this
rfefpe^, is not only poflible, but, confidering human
Nature, too likely. And if any where it can be prqved
that they have been iujy Bodies in other Men's Matters^
or ufed bad Arts to promote a good Caufe, they ought
to be reprimanded, and if they amend not, removed.
But the Doctor, confcious that Mifbehaviours of parti-
ticular Perfons would not come up to his Point, charges
the Society ttfelf with manifefiing a fufficient Forwardnejs
to encourage and inereafe jmall difaffe&ed Parties m
T'owns^ upon an Application to them. And this, he faith,
appears^. But how it appears, he bath not faid, nor
can I inoagine. ^ The Society hath never been made ac-
quainted with any of the little Quarrels in the Towns of
New England \ and were ttiey to know them, they are
cod remote to give Diredtons about them ; unlets the Dr.
call mfake it ap(edr^ that they have givien their MiHIionariiis
si general Dire£tion to inflame them all^ as much as they
can.
Perhaps he may think that no other Caufes can be sA-
ledged^ than fuch as he hath produced, for the Inereafe
of Epifcopaliansin thofe Paits. But this would be a great
Miftake: Though the firft Planters of New England
were Separatifls from our Church, many ConformilU to
it can^e afterwards to fettle there ; and fome of them, as
I am credibly informed, were to be found fifty Years agp»
in almqft every Town ijf confiderable Standing. Thefc
new Comers were defpifed and reproached for their reli-
gious Principles by their Neighbours ) mod: of whom had
been taught to*t)>ink cheChurch6f£ir^/^Mi nearly as bad
as the Church of i^^m^. Thus attacked, it was natural
. . - that
tp. 47. * I P*/. if . 15. _ t ^»|^47«
itions.
'*m of
;• that
njured*
injures
fure of
them.
in this
human
prqvcd
mrs\
ought
noved.
parci-
charges
ardnejs
^ies m
le faith,
}, nor
ade ac-
^wns of
hey are
the Dr.
ionari^s
as they
1 be^-
ncreafe
a great
Dilh to
em, as
irs agp,
Thefe
iir rdi-
)mhad
as bad
natural
that
yin Anfwcr to Dr, M a y ii EwV Ob/ervatioits, i ^
that they Ihould endeavour to defend themfelves; and
procure fuch Books as would enable them to do it better.
Some of the more candid and inquifitive among the
Pre/by terians and Congregationalifts adventured to hear
their Defences, and to read their Authors ; were convinr
ced by them, and became Churchmen. As their Numr
ber grew, it was natural that they (bould endeavour to
procure themfelves Minifters, and on their Rcqueft the
Society helped them. This occafiooed a fiirther Aug-
mentation, to which alfo contributed greatly the wild
EnthuOafm that prevail'd in feveral of the New England
Churches, even before Mr. /i^/&i/^^/</ came amongft them,
. but was mightily encreafcd by him and the ilroiling Tea-'
chers that followed him *, as did iikewife their extending
fpiritual Cenfurcs to mere Trifles, with their end left Con-
tendons and Confufions on the fettling of Minifters, and
on various Occurrences bclides -, all which Things difguft-
ed and wearied out many of their People, and induced
them to feek a peaceable Refuge in our Communion. If
thefe are known Pads, as I am al&red they are, they will
go a very great Way towards, accounting for the Growth
of the epifcopa) Party ; and the Dodor (hould not have
fuppreffed them, and aferlbed it wholly to fuch bad and
V fuch low Motives as he hath done, in order to throw an
Odium upon the Society, as encouraging what it abhors,
for the Attainment of a Defign which it never framed.
But the Do6lor fecms to intimate, that evenuppn Sup-
pcjition^ that the Epifcopalians in Ntvo Engiand, who
pleaded that they had no Minifter^ whom they could at-
tend, were eon/crentious People^ yet they were not much
to be pitied^ or redly OhjeSls of Charity* Surely he couhi
not mean this. At I'ealt, I (hould have great Compaflion
for a Number of Diflcnters in thfe fame Stare. ThuS much
however he allows, that //' any Per forts in England,!*;/ their
private Capafity^ fiiculd think it^ whicl^ again rather im-
plies that he in their Condition Ihould not think if, a Deed
, af Charity to fi^pport epif copal Churches in New England,
C 2 for
# Pag. 69.
I
>r
i!
^0 -^Ji Anfwer to Dr, M a V h £ w V Oh/irvutiCH^,
fir tbt Sake eftbofi eompsraiiveiy /rw e^Mfiitnthitj P^t
^, ^0 whom the Meojls of Fieligion^ to be bad in the Pro*
nftant DiJ/entifig Commumens^ are no Means^^^tbey bave
a Rigbt to do it But he inflfts that the Society hath nor,
ibeir wboU Fund and Revenue being otberwife appropri*
ated i which he undertakes to prove fcom their Charter*
' Now I acknowledge that the Cafe of the New England
-£pirco]jalians, is not particularly defcribed and provided for
m thei' harter. But fo neither is c heCafe of an y other /m&'^iifx,
than fi ch as are the King's SubjeSs^ and People living in bit
fiantations and Colonies^ fortothefeonly the Letter of the
Charter extends \ and in refpeft. of others^ Mr. Aptborp
might juftly fay, that Indian Converjeons are undirtakeM
by tbe Sotiety^ as it wire «x abundanti. Vet Dr. Maybew
is fo f;lr from blaming the Society for applyioi; Part oif
their Benefadions to the Indru^ion of fuch Indians as
only border on lus Maje(jby*s Duminions, that he blam^^
them greatly for not applying more of it to that Ufci:^
Now if their Cafe, which cxifted wh^n the Charter was
granted, and yet is not named in it, may however be
looked on as comprehended within its Inrentioi), and ob-
tain Relief by Means of it in Confequence of the generail
Principle on which it is founded, mucli more tmy that
of the £pifcopahans, which did not exid and was not
fbrefe^, arid therefore no Wonder it was not named.
Though it was not exprefsly mentioned before it was in
Being, ftii) if, when it came into being, it was included
under the Kea^n and Equity of the Purpofes which arie
exprefsly mentioned ; paying Regard to it muft be un-
derftood to be allowed >bv the Charter, and virtually di-
fcdted in it. Fo/ir the Rules of Law require that Grants
of Pr4nps, and parrjcularly Grants in Favour of ReKgion,
be interpreted as liberally as may be*. And thijs far, I
conceive, Mr. Aptborp^ rightly aflerts, that tbf Soeitlty
bave a difcretiopary Power of inakin^ Ahtrations in siHr
i^fiitutiin \ nor do 1 believe that he measit to carry it
■ \- fiirehtr,
♦ Sefc thofe Rules 'MiWcod^iIrfiifittej of civil Law, latrod.c. 13.
Sea. 3, N® 13, 17. ' , V •>'''.'■■
■7. . '
fePro*
iybsvt
ch not,
propria
hjtrter*
Mgland
dedfor
I in Hi
•of the
^ptborf
makeM
faybew
Partcf
^ans as
[er was
iver he
fnd ob-
generail
ay that
vas not
naiticd.
was m
ipluded
lich arie
be un-
aliy di-
Grams
eKgion,
s far, I
Sodtty
in thMr
carry it
FurcW*
)d.c. 13.
^«Anfwcrio Dr.l/ih^H^Ws Qljfirvatkm. 21
furthec* however unmercifully Dr. M^ybiw batb trcate4
him t on the Suppofiuon that he did. ^
If it be doubted, notwithftanding the abovementionedi
Argument it fortiori^ whether the Cafe of the New Eng*
land Epifcopalians Comes within the Charter or not, 1 brg
the Reader^s Attention to the following additional Con-
(iderations. The King fees forth in it as a principal Rea«
fon of sranting it, ihit for Lack of Support for Minifiers^
many 0f bis loving SuhjeSls want tie Aiminiftration of
God's H^ord and Sacraments. Now muft not they who
lack Support for fuch Minifters, as they can with a good
Conicicnce attend, want the Ad minift ration of God's
"Word and Sacraments ^ Would not the Generality of the
Prtji^teriam and Congregationalifts in NewEngland think
they wanted it, if there were no other than epilcopail
Churches there ? And why may not Epifcopalians think
in ^ like Manner ? And can one imagine, that when tt^
King's Subjects abroad* ConformilU to the Church cftah
bliflied in England by Law, were, without their own
Fault, and merely through their Situation and their Po^
verty^ unprovided of fuch public Means of Refigion sis
their inward t'erfuallon required, it could be agreable to
lus Royal Will that they fhould be exchjded from the Bef-
nefit of this Charter ? But further, the King recited tha(C
Fart of his People, through the foremendohed unhappV
Circumftances, Jeem to he abandoned to 4lheifm bnaH"
fidelity^ and others are in Danger of being perverted to
Popifi> Snperfiition and Idolatry ; atnd both thefe Things
he was detirous to prevent. Now dotti not the Doiftor
think the Enilcop^liars, when they have no MiniHersfn
whoie Mini&racions they can acquiefCe, muft be greviouIN
liableto the one or the pther ? Particularly, mud not thdle
of them be in great Danger of Popery who, as he tell^ u^,
prefer that to the Worfhip of the prevailnj^ Party in Nei(0
England ? And muft it not be prcfumed that the Charts
would hsyeguarded explicit^ againtl ^heie Evils, had th^y
been Ibre^n ^ But further Hill, the King declares, that
4e
t P»g. 110— 116.
'^■h
U"*
' H
i^-^
4% ^H Anfvvcr to Dr. Miii H E w^/ Obfervathns.
^« /i&iffi^j 1/ is bis Duty as much as in him lies ^ to prompt i
Sfre Glory of God hy the InfiruStion of bis People in tbi
Cbrsfiian Religion, Now will oot this be more fuHy cf-
fefted if the Epifcopalians in New England are in(lru6bed«
than if they are not in(lru6ted P And ladly, the King pro-
pofes, that for accomplijhing tb/s Ends intended by the
Charter, a fufficient Maintenanc/e be provided for an or*
tbodox Clergy to live amongft bis Subjects in tbefe Parts*
I do not lay the greareft Strefs on this lad Claule, becaufe
it fpeciBes only what Sort of Clergy (hould be fenc, not
to whom they (hould minifter. And yet, if the Intention
was that only Clergymen of the Church of England (houl4
be employed, (and public Authority, I believe, hath oever
directed others to be employed) it mud furdy be intend-
ed likewile, that all the L^ety of the CKurch of England^
who could be benefited by them, (hould.
Here indeed the Do^or objefts, that Ortbodoxy^ in its
mofi common Ufe^ batb no Reference to ecclefiaftical Polity^
But fuppofing that, why may not the Charter ufe it in its
original and not uncommon Signifiqition, of right Notions
in religious Matters, whether they relate to Faith or Mo-
rals, or Worlhip, or Church Government ? The Head
^f an epifcopal Church cannot be deemed indifferent about
any of theie } efpecially in forming a Corporation, into
which, I believe, no one DiiTenter was by the Charter
^adnnicted. But he obje^s again^ that King William, tho*
as Head of the Church of England^ there xt/as a Necejftty
of his externally conforming to its Rules and Difcipline^
.cannot be fuppofed by orthodox Unifiers to have intended
. tbofe of the Church ^/England, in Difiinff ion from othersf.
Thus he i$ ple^fed to reprefent, for the Sake of his Hy-
pochefis, our glorious Delii^erer as a mere external^ and
coofcquently hypocritica] Conformtfl : though it is well
known^chat pn his Death-Bed he was attended by Minifters
of our Church and no other, and received the Sacranoent
from a Bishop's Hands. Nor, I prefume, is the Doftpr
ignorant, that he fettled lool. a Year on an epifcopal
Church
* page 60, f page 20.
tions,
promote
in tbi
uHy cf-
rudted,
ig pro-
by the
an Of'
Parts.
jecaufe
nc, not
tention
I {houl4
h ocvcr
intend-
" ^ ■
y, in its
Polity^,
\ it in its
Kotions
or Mq-
c Head
fical^uc
on» into
Charter
im, tho*
Neceffity
Ifcipline^
intended
otbersf.
his Hy-
ij/, and
t is well
^inifters
cranoent
jDoftpr
rpifcopal
Church
yfn Anfwer to Dr. Ma yh e w'/ Obfervations, 23
Church at Botfcn-f ^ which clearly (hews* that he thought
epifcopal Churches proper Objedts oi Royal Bounty, evca,
in Places where there was a fettled Miniftry of anotiier
Sort before. A nd his Succedors to this Day have thought
in f^he lame Manner. But had he been ever fo rigid a
Nonconformift, every Word of his Charter muft have
bern interpreted, not by his private Opinion, but by the
Spirit of the Laws and the Conftitution.
The Dodor pleads alfo, that divers of the New Eng-
Und LawSi relative to Minifters, in wbicb tbey are de-
figned as ortbodox^ have bad tbe Allowance of the King §
And had the Intent of thefe Laws been to enad, that they
were orthodox, the Plea would have been of fome Weight.
Rut where the King only alTents to a Bill, framed for a-
nother Purpofe, in which this Word, ufed by them con>-
cerning themfelves, is to be found, his Connivance at their
Ufe of it, againd which it might h#ve been hurtful to ob**
jedt, can never (hew, in what Senfe he ufes it of his own
Accord in ^^Englifi Charter. He faith likewife fromMr.
Hobart^thsX if we think none hut tbeClergy oftbeCburcb of
England are in a legal Senfe ortbodox MiniSiers^we may ba
informed bpw tbat Matter was determined by tbe King in
Conneil, in tbe Caufe between Mr. Macfparran and Mr.
Torrey*. But the Council did not declare the diiTenting
Nfinifters to be orthodox in the legal Senfe, but in the
Senfe of the Donors of the Land in Difpute. And this
Anfwer Mr. Beacb gzvt long ago to Mr. Hobartf, But
the; Do^or hath chofen to repeat the Qbje^ion, without
taking Notice of the Anfwer.
He urges alfo, that if we deny tbe New England Mi-
ni fiers the Title of orthodox^ we muft deny it to the Mini-
Jiers of all other Churches, except perhaps that <?/Rome §,
and engrofs the whole of that precious Commodity, as he
fcornfuUy calls it, to our own Party\\, Now he knows
in his Heart, that we think the Church of Rqme far more
heterodox than we do any of the Proteftant Churches,
yet
f HuMphrey*% Account, p. 7, 313. ^ p. 61. * p. 62, 63.
t Second Vindicatioa or Addrefs, p 69. §p. 61. 1| p. 59*
4!
24 yt» AflfWcr to Dr. Ma y h EWsOifiruaihftf,
jtt he coalcf not refift the Temptation of infitiutting the ,
Cftntrary. I hope his Confcience wiU do him the kind
Office of putting hitir to the Blb(h in private, for this and
libany hke Inftanees of I^fingcpuity. As to other
Churches, fo far as their Opinions differ from iHirs, be&e
in Points more or lefs material, we db indeed think them
ihif^aken, ois if the Do^or pleafes, heterodox, but with-
out the Icaft Contempt of them, or Breach of brotherly
Jjovc toward; them .* and we allow them to think us fo^
Without taking it amif^. But he hath thought fit to ac-
quaint us, that Heterodoxy and Hercfy are the fame.
Thing*. So that whoever difTents from Dr. Maybew in
any Point relative toChriftian Faith, it feems, is accoun-
ted by htm an Heretick. His New England Brt^reRt
^indeed they acknowledge him for a Brother, aredefired
to confider the ConfequenCes of this Way of thinking*
9f^ hkv^ hot fi learned Cbrifff,
'But the Do^or hath not yet d«ne with OrtMimtfi
fbai freeious Commodity^ he fancies, wiil afford him Mi
forther Advantages. And therefore he* tcH us, it 4
' known, or ^ leaffc generally fuppoled am6ngft them,
that their iVino England Minifters adhere muck more
tiofefy both to the Letter and the ^pmt iff ibe^ Do&rtnai
'^tieles of our Church than mo0 of tbe tpifcopal Clergy
Hem/ehes^* Thus iniagiti&ry Notorieties and vague
Su^^tiqns, anfwet equally the Dolor's End ef bl»^-
eninjgjthe Epifcppalians in ^ Efteem of his Neighboiars,
by inrputing to them Deviati^s Irotn tfie enablifhed
Faith, for, which, if they were Tea!, he would, Ifnitp^
(to uife his own Wpirds) be is much injured^ like tJiem the
better. We^an only deny the Charge and put himf eft
^e Proof, which we do. And he would ^m to attempt
« Propf in rcfped of Mr. Jptborp, Tettii% fome Palii^
In a Sermon of his, and feme of the ^9 Attieks, in 11
pretended Oppoficioni) : though it is vi&le at firft
Sight, that Mr. Aptborp fpeaks t>fdy agatnft theDo^^kie
tjf unconditional Reprobation, and the Extravagancies of
* ^»j. 20, it, 6i. t ^'^. »r. 20. § p. 60. 1^^'TS,' 77«
Si
^ -1 ^
yin Anfwer to Dr. Ma y^ e w*/ Ohfirvation^^ 25
the Antimmans^ and that the Artlcks quotj^d aifert
neither of them. But this Acculation ferved a dpubljp
Purpbfe; of intimating firft, that Mr. Aptborp rubfcribcd
the Articles infincerely, and then affcding to bring him
cfFby a Subterfuge, of which he hath no Need, . that
poffibly be bath (thtre4 his Opinion Jince,
I have dwelt too long, in Compiaifance to the Dbdor,
on the Term orthodox. Now I proceed with his Ffoofs
of the Society's Mifconduft. He allcdges, that Br,
Bray took great Pains to inform bimfelf of the State of
Religion in the Colonies \ and delivered it^ as the Refult
of his Inquiries^ that be found no need at all of Miffionaries
in Connecticut and the Maflachufetts *. This a^ain he
quotes from Mr. Hobart \ and a^ain omits to take Notice
of the full Anfwer which Mr. Beach had given 10 it four-
teen Yjsars ago, in ihcfe Words : ** I grant there was a
•• Time, when, as Dr. Bray faith, there was little cr no
<< Occafion of fending Miffionaries to the Majfacbufetts
•* or ConneQieut^ bccaufe there were then few or no
*' Church People who wanted a Minifter. Yet now the
** Cafe is very much alter'd ; and as there are fome thou-
^* fands, fo they are like to incrcafe f." Had the Delign
of the Society, in fending Miffionaries to thofe two Go-
vernments, been to make Profelytes, they would have
thought there was mofiNeed, inftead of noNeed,to fend,
when there were fewcft Church People in them. But
they fcnt none for ci^ht or nine Year^, as Dr. May hew
himfclf obferves §': and they have fent them afterwards,
jufl; as the Necelfities of the People required ; not to pro-
pagate the Peculiarities of the Church of England^ as be
pretends jj, but to preferve a due Senfe of Chrillianity,
,and perform religious Offices amongft its Members.
. . The Do<5lor ajledges alfp, that in fome Churches^ which
according to the AhjtraSfs have been reprefented as grow-
ingy flouri(hing^ and increajing in Reputation^ for near
half a Century y the Number offtated fVorfhippers at this
D Bay
•* Pag. 41, 42. t Second Vindicatien or Addrcfs, p. 67, 6S.
§ P- 44. . II p. 43. ,
I,
i^ yft Anfwrer to Dr. Ma yh e wV Obfervationsi
JOay very little^ if any Things exceeds ten tr ttmlve'
famiUei* Yet he tells us himfclf, that in 171 8, which
is not half a Century ago, there were but three Miflions
in all New England^: : and every one of ihcfc far exceeds
that Nun)ber of Families 5 as do the latter alfo, if we
if w« Riay believe Accounts, as credible as the Doftor*Sy
who, though he denies thofe of the Miflfionaries to be
true, confeffes, that the direSl Proof of a Negative infuch
Cafes, is no eafy Matter*. The Society wi(h, and
endeavour to be well inforqied, concerning the Number
of Families in every Miflion. If they are mifinformed
only in fome few Inftances, it is neither a great Marvel
nor a great Objeftion. And if they apprehend many
Miflions to be more confiderable than they arc, fincc
Epifcopacy thrives fo. poor]y,theDoftor hath noReafbn to
be alarmed about it. For fuppofing thcnfv to have en-
gaged in the Enterprize which he imagines, they will
ccrtkinly grow fick of it and abandon' it. But indeed t
dojj^t, wnctherany cnc of them ever dreamt of what he
15 picafed to fay bath lang been, their formal Defign^ the
true Plan and grand Myftery of their Operations in New
England ||.
, Another Thing, aflcrtcd by him, is, that after epifco-
jpal Congregfitions in fome Places have become well able
tojupport their own Minifters, the Society have ftill con-
tinued to pay tbefe : to which he adds, that/i&^ only Rea-
fon, why he doth not come to Particulars^ is^ lellitjhould
fern tpo invidious \ and that this Conduit of the Society
for fome Tears, proved no. inconftderable Means of increa-
ftng the Church party %, Now the Society hath always
been defii-ous to know, when any Congregation became
able to lupport itfclf without their Help; and have never
continued their Contribution, when they have under ftood
. that to be the Cafe. If their Friends have been too (low
. in giving them Intelligence, which may have happened,
and the Dodlor will favour them with any, which on In-
quiry ihall appear to be well grounded, they will both
be
* Pag. 48. t P' 44. ♦ P- S3. I p> 49. ■ § IW3.
Ax Anfwer to Dr. M a y h e wV Ohfervathns. 27
be thankfol to him, and fliew the WorJd that they are
far from wifhmg to incrcife the Church Party by prdfufc
Liberalities.
'The DoAor exaggerates the Fault, with which he char-
ges the Society, of mifapplying their Money, by alledg-
ing further, that they have done no Good by it. He de-
clares) that i&^ never knew an Example of any Projelyfe
fnm iheir Churches to ourSy being brought back to a Chrijf-
4ian life : but that there are numerous ones of Perfons^
whofi Morals^ though exceptionable hefpre^ were much
worfe afterwards 5 that they often become loofe^ profligate^
vain and cenforious^ feemingly placing no fmall Part of
thtir Religion in railing at their congregational and Pref
)tyUrian Neighbours*, Now in Anfwer to an Accufation
©f the fame Nature, brought by Mr. Hobart^ Mr. ^eac%
h!\th ferieujly declared^ that he hath known many Perfons
who have greafly improved in Virtue by the Changef. And
fiother worthy Miflionaries have declared the fame Thing.
The pp^or indeed will perhaps treat me for producing
-Mifiiooarles, as he ha;h Mr. Apthorp for producingMem-
bjers of the Society, as Wttneffes in what he calls their own
Caufe§. But the Teftimony of its Accufer i& not more
^milTible. The Zealots of all Parties^ and thofe o£ his
own at leaft as much as others, are mighty apt to fpeak
V'ith oyergreat Sevetity of fuch as forfake them. And if
the Doftorhimfelf doth not place fome Part of his Reli=
' gion i^; railing at the Epifcopaiians, it is very hard to ac-
'.count for his pradifing it^ fo much. But bcfides, the
Que^ioR is not, whether Prufclytes to the Church of Eng-
land gj^ovf better^ but vyhether the Members of the Church
of England would not grow worfe, if they had no dated
Miniftry to. prevent it.
Inattentive to this, he urges further, that fwearing, ga-
ming, &c. are beyond all Comparifon more frequent^ fm'ce
■ the Church y?/ England prevailed there, than before*. Yec
Mr. Bei*f;h faith, he is perfuade4, that f olid ChripanV ir-
D 2 ' tue^
' ■ * Pag. 82. t Firft Vindication 01 Addrefs, p. 43. § p. 9, 70
i
is
if
^ I
4 ^
.|H^;7»:
l> *'
:|y-
28 ^H Anfwer to Dr. Mayh ewV ObfirvatioHs.
iuij as well as Knowledge^ increa/es, as the Cbtfrcb gains
Ground in the Country i and tb'ou/ands of People are really
hetter'd by it in tkeir moral Cbara^erf. But fuppoiing
the abovementioncd Vices arc more frequent fince that
Time, fo I fear the|e and others are in England Iince the
Revolution and the Toleration. Bub Would |t not be very
wicked to afcribe the Increafe of them to either of thefe ?
Arc the Miflionaries Examples of Vice ? The Doftpr hath
not dared to fay it. Do they preach in Favour of Vice ?
Are they not as diligent and zealous to the full in teach-
ing moral Duties, as the Miniders of his Communion, if
not naore fo ? And why then are the Imnioraliiies, of
which he fpeaks, tb be imputed to them, or the Society,
or the Church «)f England^ when perhaps his own Prichos
are as much degenerated as any r H^ declares indeed,
'that be will j^ot affirm that ibis is greatly tit,eWork4if4he
Society. But he hath done his utmotttd make others thii^
it ^ and, I Tuppofe, itpigines that Epifcopalians defervic
no better Treatment. In one Thing however he hath
dealt very fairly. , After ex pre fling his Perfuafion, that
tbere is lefs real Religion in thofe Parts <?/ New England,
wbere the Society's Money bath been expended^ >ban
tbere would bave heen^ bad it been funk in tbeOcean^ he
adds, *tis not to be fupfofid tbat any Epifcopalisns can he
cftbis Opinion ; neither is any Strefslaid upon it in the
prefent Argument*. ^ ''^-
Mr. Aptborp aflerts that, inftead of Harm, the New
England Mlfllonaries have done great Good there ; that
the religious State of the Country ismanifeHly imfrovedy-^
'though mtfcb ir^deed regains to be done in Manners and
Piety. And here tiic Dodlor, with his ufual Charity,
reprcfcnts him as making a Conrejion^ tbat this boafted
Reformation very little^ if at alh confifts in the Improve-
ment of Piety and Morals^. Then he proceeds, with-
out any Gccafion given him, to a mock Defence of the
formal Air^ which he admits ihe old Divines of that
Country had, compared with the jovial Countenances
which
f SecoQd Viodication or Addrcfs/ p. 6c. ^p. 96, p7 f ^. 73*
An Anfwcr to Dr. Mayhew'j Obfervations. if
^ which he afcribes to the Mifllonaries f. What the Dac«
tor's Countenance is, I know not ; but I wifli he gave
as good Proofs of a ferious Heart, as the Miflionarie; jii
general do. That Religion wore a gloomy and uninvi-
ting Appearance amongft the Puritancs there formerly,
and now wears a more pleafing one among their Defcen*
dants, and that in part they have learnt this Alteration
for the better from the Members of the Church of England^
the Doctor, I prefume, will not deny, though he will not
permit an Epifcopalian to fay it; and Mr. Apborp did
not mean to fay more on this Head.
What he faith in the next Place, of the Improvements
lately made there in the fpcculative Do(^rines of Religion,
the Doctor endeavours to conftrue into a licentious Infuk
pn their Fathers vndi Teachers, living and dead\ \ of
which Mr. Aptborp had evidently no Intention, though
he doth ufe a Urong ExprefTion or two, which probably
wcpe not meant even df the dead Teachers at large, but
of the wild S^dlaries with which that Country abounded}.
At ieaft they cannot be meant of the living Fathers, be*-
cault he both owns and pleads that the Faults, which he
blames', are amended. And after abufing him for fome
Time, • the Doctor himfelf allows, it was too cemmona
*mttg for People in New England to exprefs tbemfelyes
in a Manner jufily fxceptionably upon tbeje Points \ and
that ihey may be indebted to the Soci:ty otthciv Miffionor
Ties inibme Degree^ for their doing otherwife now *. So
that in the main he agrees with Mr. Aptborp^ at the faqie
Time that he inveighs againft him ; and probably wifhes
that far greatar Changes were made, in the fpeculative
Doctrines of his Brethren, than , the ; Society and its
tMilTiOnarics would approve. , mo-^^
Mr. Aptborp adds, that Hypocrify bath worn iffi tn
' Proportion as Men have feen the. Beauty} of HolinefsitYm
is, in Proportion as the Face of Religion hath become
amiable, and its Doftrines have been rationally explained ;
the
f\^ •
:*tPage74
p. 75-
§ Stt Humphrfy4*9 Acconot, p 3*» 37>38
I
m
'if'' I
'A.
«■
it AttAiaSviiittr'Dn Ha V A e ^^/ Oifefvathns,
tlMTwor Thmg$ wbiiih he had mtot'toned imfntdi««e(/
tuefore. But the Dofb»r cbufes to miitsnderftand him of
the Beauty of Rkes, un4 Mtdis and Farms, ia order
to gee an OpporctiQity of reproaching the Church of
England ag«n as plactng Hblifyefs in a Zf^f^^ t^*fi\
whidh k notorioufly- doth not. lvi'\{k others ware as far
from placing it ip a Zeal agaioH them. ^ ..
•^ '^The laft Inftai^oe of religious Improvemenr, i(> whic^
Mf. ^jjiA^rp thinks the MilTionaries have befcn inftrutnenr
IAK is the exterminating nf Perfecution, On this the Df .
obfcrves, that no AMs of Uniformity ever took Place in
NfeW Etigland +. Very true, for they could not olKain
4!hem: d^^ there was a Time when they certainly would*
ftUt they rtiade a Shift to perfccute pretty cfFcftually wich-
c/ut them He adds, th^ na Perfejcuuon badlfeen known
^mbngft them f4r nuny Tedr^^kefori < t^e Society vfa$ in
BtingW- But can he proi^ that they held it unlawful be^
^e that Time? He repreleats it as incredible, that tlie
fiojterity of tbofe who had ferfeeutei their Fathers intp
AVneHca, fh )Uld ieach theprefent Generation their Cbari-
^ and ModiraHonf But why more incredible, than thtM:
iSft Foderity of thoife who had perfecuted the Quakers in
:/thteriedi ihould now be Enemies to PerfeCucion ? The
-A^ttf ifoleratioii iR^spa0ed by Members of the Church
dF En^hnd. Nl#. JL^i^^ aMembvrof the fame Church,
%as, of al( EngUfh Writers, tiie^teateft Advocate for Tq-
h;raci6n. TheEfteem of it inereafed continually.^ The
Generality of our MiiliohaHes, i hope, carried that Efteem
#ith them into New England. Their Need of Toleration
there, muft rccomrftend it ftiH more to their goodOpini-
cn ; theNecefflcy of allowing it to them muft gradually
reconcile otliers to an Approbation of that Allowance;;
indHbecter Motives, 1 doubt r.ur^ co-operated wich thefei
Whibhh^d the (tfbnjgeflr Influence, Ido not undertake to
determihe. But fureiy the Do^or goes too f^r, when he
ilfth. Wherever we haml Chrifiian Charity tomards thofe
Mo differ from us^ we did not learn it of the Church of
. England
•p, 79 t lb. I page 80 .; : «
An Anfwcr /<? JDr. Ma y h b wV Obfervations^ 3^
England. Where elfe they learnt ir, he dbtb not ikf%
and they terfainly nught learr> it from her, unlciS' thef
difdained to learn any Thing from her. Where he learnC
it indeed will be very needlefs to inqinre, tilt he gives bet-
ter Proofs of his having learnt it at all. For one who uies
his Pen in fucb a Manner, leems but too likely, notwitb-^
ftanding a few ExprelTions^ of gentler Import here and^
there, to ufe other Weapons, if he bad the Conxnand of
them. Yet I do not fofpeA him of hoping u> /ho4^ Spi^«
copaHans as f reefy as Pigeons % though he faith it iscrcd^*
biy reported, that fome of the warm Epifiopalians bep€>
fvr the Time when they may treat Diffinters (o*. Mr^
Beach on the other Hand, hath acloally beard fome of the.
Prefbyterians /(«y, it was Pity that alltbafiy wb&Jirfif»^
Up theWorfhip of God according to the Chitfch </Engka(i>
in that Country t had not been hanged^ ss the ^uiiiers*
imere formerly at Bodon ||^ Such hot-headed Creatures^
1 am perfuaiied, fay much more than they deliberatelyi
think ; and are coo few, on either Side* to deferve the No^
ciee of the other. The NeithEngland Ejpifeopalians in ge-»
il^al, fo far as t can learn,^ fincerely deQrd tdliveamioi^
bly with their Neighbours. ^ And amollgA^ th6 Ef^lijb,*
with whom my Acquaintance hath been pretty esctenfive,-
sind without whom the others cannot be formidable^ I
know not a Man of the Clergy or Laiety, ^and do not be"
lieve there, is ohe in* » hundred, perhaps, I might f»f »
thoufand, who wifties to overturn the t)relcflt Toleration
oF the DiiTenters. 1 fhould be glad of an Aifurance, that
They wifh no worfe to the Church Eft^liftimcnt. The
Doftor faith, they do not in all refpeSls find the kindest
Ufage from us, being fubjebl to dhers tempoval Imonve*
niences f . I fbppofc he hath principally in View the Teft
Aft. Now without dfgrelTing to enquire whether this be
judifiable or nor, they who approve of retraining them Yd
far, may heartily difapprove any further Reftraints \ nay^
many of them have given the ftrongeft Evidence- that th^y
do. And perhaps as many Epifcopalians in New England
. . . : are
I
!il
I
I
♦ pag. 81. I) Vindication or Addrcft, p. 28. f p. 80;
ja An Anfwer to Dr. May hew'/ Obfervations.
» ?
•; '\
M.
■^^1
;h.:
afv excluded from Offices without Law, as Diflentere here
by L.aw, on Account of their Religion. But enough of
this. •
The Do^or argues moreover, that even fuppofing the
MiflTionaries in New England to have done Good there,
though it may befome Apology^ it will notjufiify the So-
ciety^ if it, hath occaftoned the NegleSl of a much greater
Good to the Heathens^ or unprovided Col-jnies*^ who had
an exclu/ive, Right to the Money which hath been funk in
the epifcopal Gulphf, But the exclufi^e Right hath been
difproved, and there hath been no deGgned Negle<5b. The
Heathens meant mud be either the Indians or the Negroes,
Now the Doftor owns, that as to the Indians, there have
ieen, andftill are, fome great Difcouragements in attempt"
ing to chriftianize them, But^hc faith, that according td
divers /Appearances^ the Society have had this IVork lefs at
fieart than that of propagating Epifcopacy in'Scvi Eng-
land*, i hope he would not have the Complaint made
hy the Indian Sachem in June 1 700 1|, reckoned amongft
thefe Appearances, for the Society was not incorporated
till a Year after. But he faith, that the Accufation ofneg"
lasting the Natives in America, bath been infome Sort al-
lowed to bejuft by the Society themfelves ; and brings for
proof of it, Bi(hop Williams^ % Sercivon before them ia
1705 §. Now, unhappily for the Dpftor, Bifhop Wil-
Uamsiioxh not fpeak of the Society, in the Words wluch
he quotes, but of the Englifh Nation. Nor could he fpeak
of the Society, as neglecting the Indians^ and yet lefs as
negleding them to propagate Epifcopacy in NewEnglandi
for the Society had not fubfidtd Bve Years, and had but
one, if any, Mifllonary in that whole Province. But the
Biihop's Words founded fo plaufibly for a Charge upon
tthe Epifcopalians, that he could not forbear mifapply ing
them. He afHrms, that it would not be difficult tojuflify
this Complaint hy an Appeal to any of the later Sermons
before the Society, I conceive it would, and he hath not
^v attempted
• * Pag. 72. t p. 9a. * p. 98, I! p. 107. 5 p. 98.
p. 134, 135. .
Eft ' '
P'ir
y/4n yhfwer to Dr, Ma yhewV Obfervahgns. 33
attempted it. In one Place he exprcfles a Doubt, whether
the Society have, fo much as begun to ufe Methods of con*
verting either the Negroes or toe Indians. But in another
he owns, that they have made fome EjfaysfromTime foTim$
towards the Conver/ion oj '^e Savages ; hut very feeble ani
Jparing ones, compared with iheZeal of the French to popize
the Indians, or with their own Zeal to epifcopize New En-
gland. Now indeed they have fhewn no Zeal to epifco-
Eife Nexv England \ and it is much eafier(I goon withthj^
)o£tor'sLanguage) to popize than to chriftiani?ethe/«<//<7/7/.
Teachilig them a few Words and Ceremonies, of whicfo
they know not the Meaning; giving them a few Trinkets,
and infpiring them with a mortal Hatred againft thcEngli/k^
makes them good Chriftians enough to ferve the Purpofts
of the French ; and no Wonder that fuch Converfions ac?
effected with Eafe. . Our Society cannot undertake to make
Profelytes in this Manner. Befides, it hath not fuch NuiH-
bers to employ, fuch Funds to maintain them, or fuch Au-
thority to require their Perfeverance in the Work. Many
of their Miffionaries are underVows of abfoluteObedieiKCr
none of ours are; and therefore they, will engage to go
only where they chufe, and will Hay no longer than they
chufe. Reafpnabic Perfons will be moderate in blam-
ing them, if they confidcr the manifold Difagreeablenefs
and Danger of (uch an Employment ; but at lead they will
be f^r from blaming the Society for not fending MilTiona-
ries, when they cannot procure them. And that they have
failed to ufe their hed Endeavours for procuring them, tho
J)o£lor doth not aflert;
Inftead of this, he firfl: infinuares without Proof, wha$
would be nothing to his Purpofe if true, thvit the MiJ/Iona^
ries have frequently given the Pf^orld \oo pompous sAcCounts
of their Efforts, and/poken hyperhoJically of their 'BifficiiL'
ties, and been 100 foon difcouraged ^ ; then goes on to mak^
Remarks on Mr. now Dr. Barclay^ Miflion about s^Year^
ago, as if nothing worthNotice had been attempted before.
He is careful indeed to tell us, that an Order of Conner^
was made very early [in 1702] for fending two Protelki^t
Minifters to the Indians of the Five Nations; rha£\rhif
Order was communicated to i he Society, and referred .to. ^i
E ' Cv».OWiitt§g.
^ ' ■* Pag. 99. *
=li-J
'-•■'■I
,'!!>]■
34 w^if jtnfwer to Dr. MavhbwV Obfervations.
. Committee*. But that any Thing was done, or tried upon
it, or abcM]t the feme Time with it, he hath not given the
JeadHint. Yet he might have known, and probably did
know, fpqm Dr. Humphreys ^ to whom Mr. Jfpi^borp refers
his Readers, not only that (ho Society fent a MiiTioaaKy
..that very Year, the firll after it was formed, to endeavour
the Convcrfion of the Indians bordering on South Carolina,
and ihmthe Governor and ether Gentlemen there, thinking it
not to be a proper Sea/on, difpofed of him another Way f :
hut that in Purfuance of the aboveOrder, the Socieiy,after
inviting, unfuccefsfu I ly a 'Dutch and an Englijh Miniftcr,
who lived in the Neighbourhood of thofe Nations, to un-
llertake their Convcrfion, prevailed on the Rev. Mr. ^ko^
roughgood Moor, to go upon this Dcfign in 17.04, who ap-
. plied to the Mohocks, and acquainted them, that another
.yMiniJler was daily expeRtd for the Oneydes, and wie for
pjery oiber Nation, as fion as proper and willing Per fons
€Quld be found \ ihat they Teemed at firft highly pieafed with
the Care thus taken of them ; but would. give no determi-
nate Anfwers tohisOIFers.of inflru^ing them, nor at laft
any, Anfwers at all, though he ufed all ihe Means he could
thinkofjoget their G?oJ'Tvill : Co after near a TweWe-
naonths Tr4al he left ttiem, and was fbon after loft at Seaft. -
The Do^or might alfo have known, if he did not, that Mr,
JBarclay,z different Perfon from the aboveroenlioned,being
iknt Miilionary to the fame Indians in or before ijo^,trieJ
all the Methods he c&yld, to engage them to be inflruBed in
cur Language and Religion, but with very fmall Succefi.;
thjut fe^ieralindeed would feem for a T^ime to be converted,
buffoon after they would return again to their firfi fexvage
XiM,
Kis paffing oyer in Silence the following Account is yet
more obfervable. In 1 710, the Requeft of the four Sa-
if^^w/, who came over to England xhzixhtxx Subjefts might
be inftru^ed in Chriftianiiy by refident Minifters, being
thought to favour a new Attempt; /i^ Society agreed to fend
two Miffionaries to. the Mohock <?;f^ Oneydes Indians,. w//i&
o Salary of 150 1. Sterling eacht together with an Interpret
ter and Schoolmflfter to teach the yoMing Indians. Accord-
ingly Mr. jindrew% was fent as Mifiiooary, and an Intcr-
- preier
• Pag. 108. t lb. \ p. 286—291. § Ibid. |pi£. 315. 216.
*' r:f •■
j4n Anfwer /o Dr, v1a\ hev 'x Obfenxaiwi. jj
preter and Schoolmafler ^ae afl[ig« J: hin^ He v as ^ «^
iented to the Indiam with great S^ en and .^ivcc!
by them with great Marks of Joy j but ie Pare <» obdt-
nately rcfufed to let ihcir Children lean En^itjk There*
fore both Parents atid Children were initructcd n the /i*
dian Tongue, as well as the Nature of it would permit;
But in a Ihort Time ihey grew weary of being taught.
The. Fariieis would not fuffcr their Boys to be corrc6t'-
cd or difpleafcd, in^ Order to their learning any Thing.
As they grew up, they took them along with them, when
they went out iii Bbdies to hunt, for fcveral Months toge-
ther, and they conid not be brought to a fettled Life. They
t©ok and difmiflled Wives at il>eir Pleafnre ; were continue
ally making Expeditions, and pra^^ifing Cruehies one upon
another ; left their aged Men and Women to perifh ; got
drunk whenever they could, and in their Drunkennefs
were mad and mifchie\'Ous to the hipjicft Degree. They
who had learnt fomething, (hewed in their Lives no Re*
gard to it ; and even the four Sucbems became Savages
agam. French Jefuits from Canada inOilled into them
Jealoufies by falfe Aflcrtions, which Popifli Miflfionaries
never fcruple ; and (bmc of the ^ufcararo Indians^ driven
from NorthCarolhut, which they nad perfidioufly attacked^
filled them with fucH groundlefs Refentments by unjud
Reprcfentations of what had palled there, that they forbat)
Mr. Andrews to vifir them at their Habitatiom, would no
longer come to the Cha[>€l or t\\t School, not ftirffer him-
to fpeak of Religion to them when he nict them occafio^
nally ; but infulted atid threarned him and his Companions,
who were in Danger of their Lives whenever they ven-
tured out of the Fort, where they dwelt. At length there-
fore he reprcfented to the Society, that he defpaired of any
further Succcfs. Yet, they would not hearken to his (ingicf
Narrative and Opinion, but requefted Mh Hunter, Gxiver^f
nor of NezV'Tork, to make Enquiry, whether continuing*
his Midlon was likely to be of Ufe» And on iheGover--
nor*s confirming the Accounts which Mr. Andrews had
given, they recalled bim, after a Trial of fix Years*.
I beg the Reader to compare tbefe Relations, t^ken.
ffoiix amheniick Papers, with the Doctor's unauthorized
• - ' - E 2 Suggt (lions,
* lb, p. 395 — 911. %
i
1*'
t
I
li t-
:■] i'
ri
I ^■'
h.i'
^1*
2^ u4n yfn/wer to Dr. Mayhew'/ Oh/irvationf,
Suggenions, that the Miflionartes told what Stories they
would /and the Society believed them without Examination,
or wilfully negleftcd this Part of their Bufinefs, Without
entering); into the fubfequcnt Particulars of this Indian Uii-
dertaking, 1 (hall ouly.fay in general, that other Milfion-
arics were fent afterwards, and with fbme EfTeft, down to
the Year 1735. when the firft mentioned Mr. Barclay,
went, of whole Miillon alone the Do^or is pleaied to take
Notice, becaufc he thinks it w;ll afford Matter of Objec-
tion.
Accordingly healledges, that Mr. Barclay had not half
(ipybper Support, but the Mijjion was Jlarved, For Mr.
Serjeant, a MifTionary from the Society incorporated in
1661, reports from a Letter of Mr. Barclay, t\m he bad
but afcanty *Allowance,(\.t. from the Society) and could
dbtttin no Salary for an Interpreter &r Schoolmafler ■*. And
JAr. .^tf/'f/d'^ himfelf faith in a Letter, yune 11, 1736,
thai he laboured under great *Difadvantage for want of an
interpreter, which could be but enjoy for two or three Years,
he fhould be Majlet of the Indian Language |. Now when
Mr. Barclay wrote the(e Letters, of which 1 know nothing
butfrom the Doctor, he Was not a Mifljonary bum Catechiil
only. And though he had, as he (ajrh, bur a (canfy Al-
lowance, /. e, iol. a Year from the Society, yet he ex-
ve£iedfurther Encourafrement fVi)m them ; and the Aflem-
tly of A^^wl^o'*^ had af(b voted him 50/. a Year, which
may account for the Smallncf. of the Stjciety's Allowance.
Only he had not received either of the Salaries §. but
before the End of the fame Year, he Wrote to the S<x:iety,
that he had made himfclf Mafltr of the Mohock Language,
which probably induced them to think an Interpreter uni-
necefTary. The next Year they raifed his Salary to 50/.
"Why he defired in 1 740 an Interpreter, as well as a School-
mafter, appears not ; but in the fame Year a Schoolmafter
was allowed hira. That the Society fhould be cautious
and frugal in the firft Trial of a young Man, after fo many
Difappointmcnts, is far frpm being Hrange. And the
Expence of an Interpreter for two or three Years, which
is all that Mr. Barclay wiflied, could not poflibiy be
gru.lged, in Order tp fave (q trifling a Sum tpwards a more
,u, . favourite
* Pig. lOX. t P' *02. i p. 103, J03.
j4n Anpwer to Dr, Mayhew/ ObfervatioHs. 37
favourite Purpofc, as ihe Do^or would have it believed.
Nor did the Miflion mifcarry for Want of due Support, as
he leads his Readers to imagine it did. What he quotes
from Mr. ^f thorps that/r^w the latefl Accounts » we find
this MiJpQft much dtifindUd, or greatly interruptdd, relates
to the State of Things brought on 18 Years atrerwards by
the late War. Mr. Banlay\ Mifljon was carried on with
feeming Succefs till about the Year 1 745, by which Time
the French had infuled fuch dreadful Imacinations into our
Jntiians^ and incited their own to fuch Violences, that ic
was no longer fafc for Mr. Barclay to (lay amongft them.
There is therefore not the Icaft Ground for the Dolor's
Pretence, that the Indians did not think the Engli/h in
Earneft, or chat the French made their Advantage of any
Negligence of the Society. Inftead of defpifing what the
Society was doing, ihcy were alarmed at it, and employed
both all their ufual Arts and open Force to defeat it. How-
ever, Mr. Oel, a German Clergyman ap|X)imcd by the So-
ciety, flaid with the Indians during the War, in which they
were faithful to this Country. And he, and Pau/us, a Mo'
hock, whom the Society made Schoolmafter, were ftill do«
ing the belt they could ibqrewhen the laft Accounts came.
Mr. Bjjrclay being fettled at New-Tor k in i 746, Mr.Oj^/V-
vie was /cnt in his (lead to the Indians in 1 748, who found
that many of them were removed into the Irench Territo-
ry, and the reft fo much addifted to Dfunkennefs, which
hath fi+ice deftroycd a great Part of them, that he had littlis
Hopes, excepting from the Children, and not much from
them, unfefs they were maintained in Houfes appropriated
to their Inftru^tion. Now this Undertaking would not only
be excellively expenfive, particularly becaufc the Parents
muft be well entertained as often as they pleafetj ro vifir
their Children, but In all Likelihood fruitlefs, confidering
their Difpofitions with refpeft to their Children already
mentioned. Mr, Ogilvie took one by Way of Trial, closthed,
maintained and inTlru^led him. But his Friends ferched
him aviay,. left he /ho u Id learn to defpife his own Nation.
Notwiihflanding all this, Mr. Ogihie continued his Endea-
vours there, till he was carriedoflTin 1 758 for his Majefty's
Service, by the Commander in Chief of his Forces in ihofe
f^rts. There are Hill/ or Iftcly were, Hepesof his Re-
. turn;
H
,♦ m
It >
■fi.i.
38 ytfij^ftver to Dr, MayhewV Ohfervakons,
t6rn ; in the mean Timci the Rev. Mr. Brown flipplies his
Befides thefe Attempts, and feveraf other occafionai ones
by feveral Milfionarie^, one of which, by Wf. Beachi he
faith, was frudrated by the Dillenters prejudicing the ///-
diarii againft him^*, there was a Refblution ts^fcen by the
Society in 1743, ^^ ^^Y ^^® Converfion of the Mofkito
Indians f which Mr. Mohan hath raifreprefented. He faith,
fbe Society fftnt fo much Time in endeatiouring to perfuadc
^ibtr thelndlunsthemfehes, or the Government 0/* Jamaica,
to fupport the Mijftonary^ that though the Letter from the
Jndhni re^uefling ^JJiflance^ bears *Date May I9> I739>
yet Mr. Prince at she Time of his "Death, July 25, 1748,
had not reached the Place of his Miffion f . Any Reader
would conclude from hence, that the Letter from the 7«-
dians was either written to the Society, or inftantiy commu-
nicated t6 them, arid that the Delay arofe wholly from their
Unwillingnefs to pan with. their Money on the Occafion.
But the Truth is^ that the Indians applied in 1 739 to Mr.
Trela%uney\ Governor of Jamaica, without naming the
Society, whofe firft Knowledge of their Application was m
the latter End of the Year 1741 : that on this they wrote
immediately to the Governor, riot to perfuade any Pcrfons
to contribnte, but (blely to enquire whether the Indians
were able or the J^amaicans -w'Aiirig, which was furely a
juftrfiable Piece of Prudence : that as fodn as they had
his AnfWeri giving no Ground to hope for pecuniary
Adiftance, which was in a few Months, they agreed to
fend a Mi(Bonary and Schoolmafter ; that Mr. Prince, then
jri America, being recommended tb them for this Work
fhortly after, they agreed without Delay to accept him, if
he brought proper Teftimonia Is ; but that Objeftions were
mac' to him from thence, which could not be fully difcui^
fed under a conflderable Time : that when hisChara^ler wag
cleared, he was dircdied to come over, and ordained ; thai
he returned as foon as he could,* but died on his Way from
y arnica to the Place of his Deftination : that on hearing
this, the Society ordered another Miflionary to be provid*
jfcd, but no one could be got. Evidently there was no
Backwardnefs in this Cafe ; but Afllftance was moft readily
• Seeded Viodirtuoh or Addrcft, p. 70. ^crit-
f Hohart'% fccood Addrcfi, p. 141. /
I
id-
j4n j4nfiv€r to Dr, May hew'/ Obfervatwu. s?
. (ent to Itidians not comprehended within th< Letter of the
Charter, not being in any of his Majefty's Colonies;. on
which Account tbe Treafury rcfufed Mv, Prince the ufbal
Bounty granted to MifEonaries, and it, was made up to bim
by the Society^ Mitho might ea(ily and plautibly have excufed
themfelves from engaging in (his Matter, if they hadnoc
really had it at Heart.
From tbeie various Attempts it appears, that the Society
have always been deHrous, always endeavouring, to make
Imprertionson the Indians, And from their bad Succefs
with thofe on whom they bedowed the mod Pains, it ap-
pears that nocwithdanding their (eeming good Inclinations
towards Chriftianiiy, and their Petitions to be inftru£^ed in
it, on which the Do^or lays fb much Weight ^^ they were
either infincere^ or quickly changed their Minds, and grew
intractable ;fo that appointing more MilTionaries, if theSo-
ciety could have found them, would probably have beeh
Xm\Gt\h.x\\zxi.pnkingmovt -Money, M I may prefume to
imitate his^Style, in the Indian Guiph^, inflead of making
thofe Tribes in general prafe/Zed Cirifiians ^whiclAiedeCtros
to have it thought would have been the Confequencc. His
iPre«byterian and congregational Friends have had a much
JohgerSpaecof Time for thisWork than the Society ;they-
have alfo lived in g/eatNumbersamoiigft the IndiaBi,vii\ndt
is- another Advantage. Yet I fear the Fad is rather, that
few Indians^ are leftin-iV^wjE»f/flW, than that many arc
Chridians. And though the Dccl^or tells us, that two MiP*
iionaries, lately fent from Bjoflonxo the Five, orficrwlfeSix,
Nations,, give very enccuragingjiccounts of their 'Difpt^ftti'-
^/;§,one cannot help doubting, whether the(e Accounts
will' end in anyThirig bcttCTi thian the abovementioned like
Accounts given to the Society. I heartily wifh they may.
.But furely as yet, it is too early to infdlt us. with the Supe-
riority of their Succefs to ours.
The Doftorfaiih, Mr. Barckyh Mifftoritvas ffarvfidU
I hope the contrary hath appeared. M uch lefs was it ftar-
ved *to propagate Epifcopacy in N^w England, for at that
Time the\Sociciy had fcarce any Miflionarics there ; yet
in a.'great Meafure it failed Jike the ref^. And therefore
it is very unjuft to impute the Failure of any to thaiCaufe,
when
♦Paj. 100, io6. f p. 109. 5 P ^05» i P- ^04'
II
, M
40 jinAtf^er to Dr. MayhewV Obfervations,
. when ir may be fb naturally implited to thofe which pro-'
<luced the lame Effeft before ; and are likely, though not
lo likely, to do it again. However in the Beginning of the
Year 1756, the Society confultedfome oi l)^t\T American
Fricnds^wbether a few Indian Boys, might no' be procured,
and taught in the Colleges of New Tork and Phiiadelphia^
. and fent from thence to inftrucl their Countrymen. The
■ Anfwers to them reprefented great Difficulties of obtaining
Children, greater flill of keeping thetn long enough ; and
no fmall Danger of national Refentmcnt, if any Accident
fhould happen to any of them. The Society notvyith-
llanding, the QoWcgQO^ New Tork being not as yqt in a
Condition to receive any fuch Children, refblved to give
lool. a Year towards educating fbnie in that of PhiladeU
fhia, \u which they had Hope alfo of further Afliftance.
But a frefh War foon broke out. Now in a Time of
War, and it fhould be remembered, that there have been
very freqqent ones fince the Incorporation of the Society,
(bme taking their Rife in Europe, fome only in u4kerica,
little or Nothing can be done, even with the friendly IncH-
anst in Favour of .Religion. On the late Peace with France ,
another Indian War hath unexpeftfedly followed.' When
God in his Mercy (hall permiit thofe Regions to enjoy
Tranquility again, it will be a proper Seafon to refume this
Projeft. In the mean while, our Society hath agreed with
that of 1 66 1, to fend jointly a Lay Inftruftor tO the Six
-Niations, as foon as it is fafe, and to bear" much the greateft
Part of the Expence. The Do£lor, it is hoped, will, on
confidering theie Things, retra6t\his Affertion, that /////?
more can he faid^ than that the Indians have not been wholly
' negle6led by the Society "^^ .At leafl:, as it hath never been
chArged with Remiflhefs in this Article, either by the Go-
veti ment ar Home, or by any of the fuccelllve Governors
Abroad, th's may furely be accounted as confiderable aPre-
fumption in its Behalf, as his Opinion is againfl it. And I
dare fay thePromifes, which it voluntarily and freely made
to the King on his AccefTjon, will be faithfully kept, as
. j^.as the Cleans of fulfilling them .carjjje found/
* ,'
Page ^5.
"Wi*
■»
IV-
j*« Atifwif i<y Df. Ma YHttrV OBftrvatms. 4<
? With fdiJeflf to the Negiroes, the t>6^ is not jJartl-^
ihHar ifl his AcaifatidQ of the Society, and therefore d ge«
iteril AnfWcr wtlF Mice, tic oblcnrcs , juftly, that lut.
Weft ladii ^^wdSf abound with thmj^ and fa do fcxncof
(^ur pliiitattofts dil the Continent. But in both they livc^
ihder the abfbhite Gotenimeht* diiefljr of hard Maflers \
too many ofvhiW fbrbtd theih to be inftru^bed in ftdi'
gion* im others deprive them of Time fbr it, by niaking;
ft neceiiltfy that oii IStmddp they dioutd ivbrk fbr them*
felVeA. where they are alldwed to attend IJbe Miniftcf
dF the Pariih, they are properly tmdeir his Oire ; t6d wheref
Negroes abound moil;, the Biriffaes are li general fb -v^djf
ididbtlred, that the Society have nor, an^ need not have^
MHfibnari^ m theiftt ; But Fit)Tiiidn, even for the icm^
^ tiie Pebpiiv m^ hie eafily made without them. Inhere
llbey '^ve MHfionartes^ the^^Negtdes are underflood t6
be Birr of their Ffodc, whom th^ have beeri dri^ly
d^gj^ li<|it to ttegic»^
txt^^k FBice» where ^eit are iio Mihiffers, it is im-
|?^ble to #pppiil,t a (eparace Mti&Qnary or Gitechifl fbi^
iik Negroes of e^ Family, and almoft impofTible to aifent-
Me. thofc of ^ftaiit F*niKcs together. The Proprietor^
# large Hi^nibersof them are ufually Well able to gtt
f^dxi inftrttiaed by iomc of their upper Servants, 6t aneigh*
^tir|tig SdibdlniaHer ; ^ if fhey are unwiHiiig^ Would
be very apt t0 dioPe^t the£nd5ea;iroUrs of Pctfons appointee!
ikytft^ S<Jciety. If foch in any Place, as are well difptifed,
t^aHbrmamy f^onable Flan for the Jtlflruaion d^ the*
Negroes belongirig to them, or near them, wtfch they may
eotitilve muthJictta' dndie Spot than the fediefV can rft-
a Ibklatte^ thejr will be fiirc to rcteive as nrncfr Hfelff
1^ it, as they can cxpcft. The Society hath f^r many*
,#^^ns£intainedCiit«*iiftsfbr the Negtdes in the t^^ol
iyeat Cities of iftasOTMi m&Philadelphiai withi^ei^ gddd
SSflfea. And of late they have Been Warned fbf it* 0Ver<?
ttEiftigi becaiife the Inhabitants may well bear (harStiithttt
themfelves. However this bcj they can truly anfwertd
§f^&^i^ that they have fefiiftd ncr A fBftdi» -
'I
!i
(I
I:
I
■h
\^f
mi\
■ Ci'
hn.
42 yin Jtnfwer to Dr. May HEw's-Ob/itvatiom.
towards the ConTeHion of the Negroes, \(rbich they have
Ijieen^a/ked, or faw how to give ; and particularly, that they
have withdra^vn none fmce the Increafe of their Miffions
in j^eW'Bngland, On the contrary, they have extended
their Care far beyond the literal Bounds of their CHart^,
and in lyji appointed a veir worthy Millionanr, with a
Salary of 70 A a ^ear, to inftru& the Negroes m Africa :
where he continued five Years, and then returned to Eng-
land oh Account of his Health ; having firfl fent oyer to
the Society three Boys of good Families, to be educated
iui4cr their t)ire^on. Qne of thefe is dead ; the other
two have been maintained, though as frugally as was > pro-
^r.yetat no fmall Expence, and taught whatever would
fit them to propagate Chriflianity in their native Coun^,
to w^ch they are now on the Point of goi^g back, t^
greateft Part of this the Do^or muH have known from the
AUlra^, but hath mentioned nothing of it. For it would
Have been hard to reconcile with his Accufation oi the
Society, that they have difregarded every thing ellb, to
propagate E|>ifcopacy. ,
The laft head of his Charge of Nc^Ioft relates to the
Colonies, unprovided of a competent Number of Miqiiiers.
l|ere he faith, th^ though he wilt not affirm it for Truth,
yet he hath been very Credibly informed, that the People in
Jfm^tfitfe Southern G)lonies, and particularly ihthifeFarp
|f Noit|i-CaroIina, wZ^/VA viere entirely deftituU pf Mini'
jUrs^hi^i^ and repeated Applications to the So-
gety far. Miffionartes, fometimes without any Anfmer for
Tears tcgetber, and at laft without Succefs : dXii^xbax Jotne
fenfibk and ferious Ferfons from that Country^feijeral Tears
^0, he thinJ^s ^ave. him tJjefame Recount ; but that Whe-
ther they \d\dor not, they madefuch a ReprefentaiiQn.(f their
^ fad State fir Want ofMinifters, that at the Momeritoi hi$
Wfitin j; tt was not in his Power to refrain fropt Tears in
refkdif^ on it. And then he makes his uiual charitable
, Addition, that perhaps the Society had it not in theirPovfer
to comply with thefe Solicitations, by Reajhn of their large
Expence in the noble J)eft^ of fupporting and increqfi^
liitU e^/copal Parties, or Fastens, in NcW-England** So
* Pag. 97, 98. ' the
to
V- t?:
^n Anfwer^o Dr.MAYHtvr'sObftrvatianh 4^
the Dodinr'i crcdibk Information of what he" will iwt,
affir!if;l^;irtuth, and his thinkii^ he remembers what Be
is oct fiire fii^ ever heard, is produced againft the Society,
itjyHfy: a Coaje^re about thenr Motive for a£Hng as
rfiey never did aft. Indeed, that the poor People, over
whpfe Cal^ he hath wept fo kmg after, would have ac>
cepted Minifters from the Society; is far from certain ; nor
is It likely from feveral Parts 6f his Book, that he wouM
haVe reckoned the "Want of epifcopal Minifters any great
Olamity. At leaft, I cannot learn from the BooSs of the
Society, which I have'cohfnltcd on this Occafion, that any
Applioltions^ made^ to them from North-Caroiina, have
. |©^"fjijcftedWpoftj3'^^ But it appears, that they fent
i%iiMiiIionary AitneV in 1 70 j, wl^o was difcbura^d by
^ the inteftine Feuds of the People, by the Profanenefs of
many of them, and the Indifference of others to ail Reli-
gion j that oh his Return they feiit two more in 1707,
who after a few Years were alfo vj^earied. out; and ?*gain
two in 171 i, who ufcd their belV EndeaVouris for feveral
Years, but fucceeded no better, and at laft quitted the
Undertaking, Yet all of them were.Men of very good
Charaiftcrs, as the Inhabitants acknoMedged. On a ffefli
Application, a fixth Miffionaryv^as appointed *iii 1722,
who died the next Year, and a fcventh in lyiiiy^^ejitis
to have defpaircd like his Predeccffprs.* TO^«IC In-
habitants, I believe, were for a Time 1^ tdtlkil^i^es,
and very infenfible of the Unhappinefs of tlf^ir Coiiii(of!:
Bur gradimlly the Society fuppfied them a-^ieW; and ^r
fcxne Years paft, they have had more Oer^^n»^ amdngfl
them, though at moil perhaps but fevien at oncl^ thancver
they had before; and therefore they have not been heg-
lefted for the Sake of epifcopiziiig Nifw Ef^kndf as the
I^otefuggefb. The Socie^ hath'acquainted them long
ago, that if they, were willing to do whit they were well
able towards mamtaini^g more Miffionaries> it T^oukl be
glad to affift them. But inflead c^ this, they have ufed
thofeill, in n^ny Ways, wbkn they have had already.
B|n;icQkrlyf though they have Laws, both foiii^rly and
:■>- '%--- ' '^F-2^' ■ ' r- ^"^•' lately,
• S^^>H|(^^r^/, p. 128--.I43.
hi
I
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■ii 1..
f ■
m
h ; ; ■ '
; I I
I-
:v
t*.
4^ ^n,4^fitf0rH pWf ^^yiiii%yi9Uplfirv9ii(ms
btjifly, fpr Sjal^rics t^^Mimfters, thty h^v« beep tcpipo^
>rdepc Qpvcmor QP^ <^)!^ht: he tud sput Things oi|
"ich * tooting tlj4t Ac j\sopte Plight mamtajnthfir ^|wii
Imiilers entirely* th^ $Pfiecy coHkl i^ot Ba4 Miiii(i<^
to,fen4 pyqr tp himi wh^b Dv^ Maybew hiinfelf wiW.
alfqv^ ;hey wQpl() have dQae-rea4ily io this Cafe, i^ the^:,
had heep ahl^, becaufe in wqulj hfvc cod thepa i)Othi||gt .^
Indeed we have pot P^rfcip^ ep^fi^ in Orders xxkU^-
the P?irt<bc$ oir Ef^imiptopcrbt ^ therefore it m^|^ ,
limcuic toepgage a fufficiept Numl^r fpr the B^tatiopi^ ',
}x^t the Difficulty is mp^ greater toprovide^hqii w t)^
^opthern opes, thspi if^^ew E^fmd^ wher^ many as^S
i:(X)teht to qoine oyer iiPd bf ordaiped,, provided they ipay
return to officiate amdngft theii' tUlatioPs jpd liieadiSf
An<i this is qne confideraEle Heafon of the larger Propor-^
tion of Miiuops in th^t pivvipce, wbipb thjP Dodpc
^aites entirely toa qui^sdiner^t C^^iTe..
iLeljiug 90 his PrQoSfs, ^t U^ Society hav^ Ipl^p^e4 ^
a l^art of the Mopey.ip^iified with theni, he^en^eavootp
|o dQippi^fe bow wcfikir K ^ ibews the iiune Ipduia«> ^
"9R ^9 JPP^^erap; in dkis, as in every thiig, Bavipg
conti^t^4^oiePrQi^ tihaU POK follow hiiA through the
iD'li^iM^/t^e randoPi Cak^latjoas built upon them.. He
\v<]}]l$|^^ ir thpugbc^ ^^ 2C ^ears the Sum hath
affjto^'l^ j^^ ^kbki^hichlm iaith, forty or fifty
Ji^^0l jplg^Jba^ bfm^cpMirtably maintmned amngft
2iwi^«j|^ f« bi0ih«mfi flacgs^ evfry T^ur^ fmnms
tk^r'ifik^^ « l!?ow if i^fty, Miffionaries ^re to
be j^ :for 1^ %!S^x%G^^ lh9?^ A ^^^: ^iii ^^ ^^
t^<^ ^a 4 a jf«j:,T, Ap4. if opl^ /o«ty MSfipoiiri^ wej^
to h^ Mid out <rf it Mp^y ^o.^eai^ tl^y ijwh^ .Iwy^
tut;, 29 /.a year., 'J'j^i p^ftfir,, J .bp^ve^ w
let^l^e i^ aWSffion ^jfi .&^j4*i«^^ He ftitb,,tlU^
^ct no ^u^r h^ ipco^ipeipi t^ I^eckopip^s arc^ ^toi
*^;d£t( pach in its turn wilt bear bird on the Soae^. iVa
♦p»g.?^♦rt^
'i
■1
4
ii' •
Aiiiwldiiioiiaia!i9f|[et>r0bght%^bim is, that the'Sol^
pety hith pbmiiu4 Contributions by Senfions, reprdwv *
mg fhe Work In n^nch they wore engaged, to be mer«^ ^
the Prof^tgation of Chriibsnity, though a confidentblft ^
Pare of it hath htm the Prot>agatiQii of the Church of '
Englatid; that in this th^T haTe imitated the Practice ol *
the ilM^ Society d^fn/igaridajide, though the Preach*
•rs belb^ them hare condednned it as unfair; that thtti .
the Difienters m England have been milled to encoiira^ '
Defignt againft Chorehes of their own Comraimiop it *
fhwEmfit^^ 9nd jmtfimfandiof Pourtds have bectt «
dr4Hmrfiom ibm, whith havt in Part been supplied tothM ''X
paipofe,^ Now in Truth, the Society have made it dieir *
B«iidefitl> do jttfl what th^ Preachers ref^rdent them lo
have^bcen doing, otcepttng that they have not been abk /
to clo ib much towards the Converfion of the Indians and ,^
ffigroes, Whilft there were but few Perfoosin the Mafif*
fibufotts^ and Cmm^ut, deftimte of fudi Modes of pub^ ^
lidc Wofflttp as they coi^ attend, few or no MifEonaries
wehefent thither, and the earlier Sermons took no No^
tice -oC this Cafe* -When they motaicd, Ph^vifion was
graddatty made for ^Cm ; the Preadiers raeniioned if
in genera} Terms ; the prefent Arcbbflhop oiConte^hwy
mentkmed it very lisplicttly* above twenty yeafi ^{ mA
at th^ £]^ of the Sermons,, both before atad i«^ U^^ ;
ibS.^t Miffionaries, their Places of Rcfidenise and :dhei|r
J&iWies^ with Accounts of the State of then* k^caXQi^^ '
gr^tions, have been publiihed ammal^. Sucely <lhis U
hr remote ^om all Aaudnlent Dealitig. AxuA lio^dne^
that was at ali atteil^v^ to the Prdceedmgft df the Si^icfetfv '
could be ignorant oJF this Part of diem ;: though Dt^dhpi
hffm thinks Bifliop ^ier wa8» whea he preached bewo
it; viiifdf ' is inaudible in the Haenre of the Things ani •
falfe \& iaSL The Pc^ Societf de fropaganda net df
wacbliunedittScsraMris before ours, for fhpplyhi^ thofe
i^fheicdwaCtfxmnwionrwith the Means of their oWi(
Worftip ; hue for maiclog k their principal Empjoylnent
m hmg o:9Gc o^r CSifwms to that Worfiiip, which one
'*;V^-H '- '■- hath
• Pag^i^-n^ -
l'~t-
'■A
"^6 jitt Afifwet^iQ Dr, MayhZ'^'s Oh/crvatiom,
hath not done. And. if the Dtdehtets have contributed
any Thing confiderable to the Support of our Miffionaries,
they muft be prefumed to have done it with their Eyes
open, and either to have choiien rather to affift Epifco-
palians in that Mode of publitk Worihip, than let them
be without any ; or to have lifced the general Defign of
the Society fo well, as not to be influenced by their Dif-
like of its Management in .this Particular. But I believe
the Truth is, that the DiiTenters, at leail forttiany Years
pad, have contributed little or nothing. I knbv«r tiot that
any one of them is, or lately hath been, a MemBiei'^ and
Sublcriber, or hath made any Prefent, or left any L^ikci^
to the Society. Nor have they been called upon, yihdn
the Crown hath appointed Collections for it. But fdtat,
if not many of them, have taken great Pains to diHuade
Members of the Church of Engrfana from giving on fuch"
Ocrafions. And though 1 ihould fliiftake itii,^ p^vd^e -
Points, yet on the wholes vt^iSai&tylW^
come off very rrdV iii Td><*a df thcf I3tf^^
would neither do it Good nor Harm; ;' -■,
* But further, probably much mOTe Money hatn B^eh
given tdthd'Sodety by the Members of the Chnrcli of
ingland, on Account bft}icfrbv}ftcAi which it hifh made
for the Eftfcopalian^ -ih'the MafaiBu^tts and Conneilicut,
than they would have given if it had made none. Many
dF thde amongfl us, who are zealous for the Support of
C9)$Mianity abroad, are zeabus alfo, though iir a iower^
Degree, for the Support of our own Church there ; efpe-
dally in Places, where, without thdr Help it camiot fi^
p0rt il&lf. And all fuch Will naturally be more liberal tc
bQ#Defigns, when thus joined, if indeed they can be called
iwo, than they would'to one ^f them, if divided Perfons
ire not obliged to confine the whole of tbetr Charity to
that one Purpofe, whkh they think the beft, but may al-
lowably diftribute it amongfi: ali^hich thi^^itdt ai«good.
Nor is uniting; thefe two PurpoTefi what the Do6ior wsMild
reprefent itj^ preferring or equkiling the Peculiarities of
the Churchof England to the JntepeSs of die,Ck)(ipd,any
4 '■*■-.
' •
H.:.rk
m
^^^V:t
j4n Anfwcr to Dr. MA^HEvr'sObfcrvaiions. 471
more than the yearly Contribntion of theDiffcnters to the?
keeping up of their fmallar G)ngregations here, is prefer^
ing or equalling their Peculiarities to the Interefls of the'
Gofpel, They think, both may be kept up by one and
the fame, Aft, fo do we. They contribute to maintain
publick Wormip amongft their poorer Brethren, without
defigning to presbyteriamze England; we contribute to
maintain it amongll ours, without defigning to eptfcatize
New-England. It would be abfurd in us to charge tnem
with the former ; and it is equally abfurd in them to charge
us with the latter. If indeed the Cafe of the Epifcopa-
lians in^he Maffachufetts and Conne^kut doth not, by the
Charter of the Society, come under its Care, Bounties to •
to them ,are at prefent conveyed through wrong Hands.
But I apprehend it doth, and think that hath been proved.
At lead, the Givers in general have all along had the Op-
portunity of knowing that Part of their Gifts was applied
to this Cafe by the Society, yet they have never fignified
l^eir Difapprobation, and therefore it hath underflood it-
felf to have been anfwering their Intentions. Nothing
hath been clandcftinely kept back, or diverted another way
from what was .prof cffed. In thefe Circumftances, the
(Jujlt of Ananias and Sapphira is very unjufUy thrownout
in terrorem by the Doftor,f according to the old Cullom of
his Party, which 1 hoped had been quit& laid aiide, of dif*-
charging ipifapplied Texts of Scriptur^ in the Faces of
focb as' happened to oiFend them. jBut to return : It is
very poffible, that the Pefire of fupplying the New'-Eiy^
A»^£pifc;opalians with Miiiiflers, may have produced Do^-
nation3 of as much.M^ney to the Society, as it hath<^ ex-
pended oii tbpfe Miaiflers ; now if fb, other Parts have
not fu&red on their JVccount. And (hould thefe Bene^
favors be brought to think the Society an improper Chan-
nel for (uch their Bounty, or ihould it be forbidden to em-
ploy ip this, Manner .any Share of what it receives, the
Confequpfe(ce .might be>^ that they wouki withdraw a Pro-
portion of their prcfcnt Liberality, as the Society hathfig^
nified in a Letter to the liew-Hampfiire Minifters, it hath
h
i .11
ii
1
fdid R«tte tcithidk chqr ^malAfl ind cftibK&i •ftpctictf
|iioid» by Mrfakh himsss mo On^iicioD of che Epifceptlia&s
Slight be ltttlc» if «t all, worie than before and the Doc-'
tor faiths than erer from being pleafed. ^For the ncW
Mausers vould cenaifily be more zealous for proaiiatin^
the intarcAs of the Chnrch of iSngbnd, than the StKkxf
baTe bccn» cueti in his ovn imagination^
The DoStot ftxppoks, the Deftnden of the Sodeiy's
GoDduft to argiic» that it nay allowably fupport Mtffions
for fionTcning the Niw-Enghmkn to Epifcepacy^ became
this is needfiil to facilitate the GMiverfKHt df the ImHans
ia Chri(Uani^4 Nomr they have faid» and f ery truly^ at
^Charter ^ WilUam and ALfi^ do^ tbAt bringing odf
Ofim Peofife to a gfod Ufi and wi§dy QotMrfif^w^ is rr<
qittfiie to win the neighbouring Nations /» iht Gkri/Uan
Faith. They may krie laid a^, and tery trnl^^ihii&diift
great Humbera and great Vatiety of wild Se(bme% ha oiM
Colonievare a lanenmble Hindntnce to the Fhagrefa«f
oiir Religiom^ Bnt I qoeflion, wiiether they have ete^
aaplied cither of thefe Obfenroiens to xhd liruhEs^^land
ffKi^sbytirkMS of Congrpgationifb ; and yet rikore^ whdiier
any one of than bath fb much as himed, that thiy innii
be madeEpifcq^ibaifs^ aaa Step .||if>r^ Biakiag^ tn^lka^
ihens aroand tllem Cbriidians. M leaft, the Bifl{c» ^
Si,D^md\ ihom alone the£)isi(^ haiii quot^d^ md-'
Itttcanofiadi T^g. And dH he prodoos^&me Author
^ Sot dia ASim^ he muft be midfcriltKyj to p<it thia
Plea tntQOur MoQfhp^ on^ as an Opportisni^, P^y <^
iittrodttittg hi$ WiE» iJboitt fth^ng to connwit me l^»i^
and GemrDam^uA tlie Man ki 4itt Moon^ef wiliaB Ik«t»e
WwiilKmt£ttiy,.inlbN^BD!8effion; pardy of iil^spefthig
in Scnpcnrs Langnigci^that onr MiffioittHeB^ eNIi^ iiU9
ikg^^Hew^iJtst^imA SAii/i^ this imSre^ ^r^xsmoci
art Thmns ^idRotbark Ibm then he k care^ to fnlN
jam immediacely, thar be Mb not mean to colt tbsm K
tb^ofipmln^Namis, or tdjghefbeman^ tfrfinalJU^mi0
Qood Ma|i^ idbo can Wpe&ldm of it .^
y X <f mf
■8^
^Site ^M^i#*s VtifMJ^eiMiditk (pr Ad^efs, p. 31, 32. p. 119, ^
:4n Anfwer to Dr. M a y h e w V Obfervations, 49
%
In all that I have hitherto faid, I am far from intending
to affirm, that the Society hath not laid out in the MaJ^
fachufetts and Connecticut too large a Proportion of th€
Money put into their Hands, confidcring the Ntceffitics
of other Provii.ces. They have a dilcrctioriary Powei*
within the Bounds of their Truft ; and whiirt they con*
fine themfclves to thofe Bounds, the Money which thej^
receive iS altogether at their free Difpofal, artd fo tar their
own i however, the Dodlor is pleafed to cavil at that Ex-
preflionf , when ufed very harmlclsly by Mr. Jptborfi,
But ftill they ought to ufe their Power judicioufly, and
in that they may have failed. For what Society of Men
hath not ? Even the Doftor's two blamelefs Societies ||
might poffibly exhibit fome Tindlurc of human Frailty;
if they did not warily keep their Tranfa(flidns unpublilh*
cd, whilft thofe of ours lie open to all the World. Pref-
fing Solicitors are always likelier to prevail, efpecially if
they will contribute freely to the Undertaking fdr which
they are Suitors, than thofe who are tefs eatneft though
better able. And fuch the I^ezv England Epifcopaliani
have been, compared with the Inhabitants of other Colo-
nies. When the earlier Applications were made by them*,
it could not be fofefeen whether more would follow. S6
one Miflipn was fettled after another, till they became m1-
Icnfibly numerous 5 and when many Requefts had beeh
granted, it was the harder to refufs others, for which thfc
fame Plea could be made. Some Members of the Sbdc-
ty approved thislncreafe, others thought'it was going tob
far. And in Bodies of Men, whbfe Opinions differ, thefb
muft be mutual Condefcenfibns, and Time allowed for
one Side to Come over into the Sentiments of the othfei*,
elfe they cannot proceed together. But in the la(t five
or fix Years, I believe, no new MifTion hathijeen appoint-
ed in the Majfachujetts oxConneSiicut^ which had 'n6t beeh
promifcd betore, excepting that of Cambridge. And no^
for fomc Time pafl:, the Society have excufcd themfclves
* * " G : : • from
t Pafi. 116 — 118.
p. loi; 134.
u
§0 j4n Anfwer to Dr, M a y h £ w'j Ob/ervathuj,
m
from complying with any Applications from that Quar-
ter, burcly this alone is no inconfKlcrable Argument,
that profclyting thofc two Diftrifts to Epifcopacy hath
not been the iVint in View.
H^hat is paft^ as the Doftor obfcrves, cannot he recalled.
But W Miftakcs have happened, they may be avuided for
the future, and the Society is not above altering its Mea»
fures'*. Doubtlcfs it would have liked, and might have
cxpcfted, civilcr and fairer Treatment, than he hath vouch-
fafcd to give it. But however, fas eft 6f ab bofte docerL
It cannot deferc and abandon the Congregations which it
hith taken under its Protedlion, unlefs they ftiould bccpmc
either too rich to need its AfnUance, or too inconfidtrablc
to dcferve it. But more Care may be ufcd to know,
when either of thefe Things falls out. All Forwardncfs
in Mifljonaries to moled Perfons of other Perfuafions, and
all Encouragement of Parties and Factions in Order to
fervc Ecclefiaftical Schemes, may be ftri<5^1y prohibited,
^nd on realonable Complaint feverely checked. The Eyes
of the Society may be turned more attentively to the dark
Corners of the Colonies, to the Methods which promif*?
well for the more effediial Inftru^ion o^tht Negroes^ and
to the Openings for doing good amongft tlic Indians^
which his Majt(h *s new Acquifitions will probably difclofc.
A friendly Corrcfpondcnce may ijfo be carried on between
fbn^e of rhe Members of that Bt)dy, and fome of the Pref-
hyterian or Co- gregational Miniftcrs, whofe DifpofuioBS
are mild and ingenuous ; and thus Animofities and Jea-
joufies may by Degrees be extiriguiftied, of which, 1 am
perfuaded, the Society is. very dcfirous.
Therefore I proceed now to the laft Part of what. I
propofed, taking into C»nfideration the Scheme of ap-
pointing BilliDps to refide in our American Colonies.
The Church of Zi»^/^«^ is, in its Conflitution, epifcopal.
It is, in fome of the Plantations, confefTedly the eftablifhed
Church} in the reft are many Congregations adliering to
• it i
- , '* Page 133*
<i
\
4 V
\
\An Aiifwcr to Dr, M a y h e wV Ohfervations, 51
•
it i and through the late Extenfion of the 5r/V//& Do-
miniuns, and the InHucnce of otncr Caufes, ic is likel/
that there will be more. All Members of every Church
•re, according to the Principles of Liberty intiiled to
every Part of what they conceive to be the Benefits of it,
entire and complete, fo far as confifts with the Welfare
of civil Government} yet the Members of our Church in
Afneriea do not tbus enjoy its Benefits, having no Pro-
tcftapt Bilhop within 3000 Miles of them ; a Cafe, which
never had its Parallel before in the Chri(\ian World.
Therefore it* is defired, that two or more Bifhops may
be appointed for thetp, to refide where his Majefty fliall
think moft convenient \ that they may have no Concern
in the lead with any Perfon who do not profefs themfelves
to be of the Church oiEngland^ but may ordain Minif-
ters ix fuch as do^ may confirm their Children, when
brought to then) at a fit Age for that Purpofe, and take
fuch Overfight of the epifcopal Clergy, as the Bifhop of
Z*^ff^0»'sCommifraries in thofe Parts have been empowered
to take, and have taken, without Offence. But it is not
defired in the leafl that they (hould hold Courts to try
Matrimonial or Tcflamcntary Caufes, or be veiled with
any AuthQrity, noyr exercifcd cither by provincial Go-
vernors or fubordinate Magiftrates, or infringe or dimi-
nifh any Piivijeges and Libenies enjoyed by any of the
Laity,cven of our ownCommunion. This is the rea) and
the only Scheme that hath been planned for Bifhops in
America \ and whoever hath heard of any other, hath
been mifinformed through Miftake or Defign. The
American DifTenters from our Communion, would think
it infupportably grievous to have no Minifters but fuch as
received Ordination in England or Ireland^ or to be with-
held from the Ufe of ar.y religious Rite, which they
efteemed as highly as we do Confirmation-, or to havj:
their Churches deftitutc of a Superintendcicy, which they
conceived to be of apoftolical Inftitutjon. t fhould, in
ifuch a Cafe, be a zealous Advocate for them, as not yet
G 2 enjoy in
OP
O
»
52 An Anfwer to Dr. Ma v h e w'j Ohfervations,
enjoying the full Toleration to which they had a Righ^
And fu rely they ought to a(k their Confcicnces very
ferioufly, why they oppofeour Application for fuch Ih-
' dulgence as they would c'^im for thcmfel ves ; and whether
indeed fuch Oppofition is not downright Perfccution, and
that in a Matter merely fpiritual, without the Mixture of
any tem^poral Concern.
The Dodor is a great deal too vehement to prppofe
his Objcftions diftindlly, therefore I will endeavour to di6
It for him. He faith, the State of Religion is much better
amongH thofe of his Communion in America^ than it is
even in England, under the immediate Eye and Documents
of the venerable Bifhops •,* and that, fljould any befent
thither, it is to be hoped they will have better Succejs tha^
the Bifhops have hither had here f. Now certainly, the
State of Religion herk is far from bejng what we have
Caufe to wifh it were. Whether it be worfc than in New
■ England^ I am unable to pronounce; fuppofingit tpbp
fo, the Doflor himfelf faith, that <3-^j//^«<7/tf might bt
given of the Fa 51, without any RefieSlipn on our Church^.
And the Q^eftion, relative to the prefcnt Point,, is not,
V^here the State of If^eligion is bt'ft,but whether it will not
be bejcrer amorjgft the /f/»mf<?;/ Epifcopalians, if they
liavc Bifhops to fuperintend their Clergy, JInd dp'thp
dlher Oilices belonging to that Fundion, than if they
have none. Hp calls Church Government by BifliopSy
iheToke of epifcopal Bondage \\._ And certainly Pondage
is a dreadful Evil, and religious the word of all. Buj;
"what Yoke of Bondage do either Churchmen or Diflcn-
ters fuffer in England, where Bifhops have been fo long?
All Church Authoritv was formerly tqp heavy ; but fure*^
ly thf Epifcopal now is as modearte as any, and it is pro-
pofed to be reduced yet lower in America, and Diflenters
will be no Way fubjed to ir. He faith, the; Affair of
Bifhops hath lately been, and probably now is, in A^iifiT
tion 7« England ; and the Society Jpare neither Endeavours,
applications, nor Expence, in order to effe^ their grand
Left^n
f Pag. 39. \P. 40. §P. 39. (|P. 146.
■ i
j4n Anfwcr to Dr. M a y h e wV Obfervations. 53
Defign ofepifcopi^ing all New England, 4ts well as the
other Colonies^. Now mod of the Colonies were origi-
nally epifcopal. Ai)d I cannot learn, nor I believe will
the Do6l:or affirm, that the Inhabitants of any of them,
be they of what Se6lt they will, groan under that Burthen,
or have reafon to do fo. The Imagination of a Defign
to epifcopizc the reft, I have (hewn to be altogether
groundlefs. But further, they may be epifcopizcd with-
out fending Bilbops amongft them; and Bifhopsmay b^
fent amongft then), without any Intention of epifcopizing
them.
Dean Kennett^ confcfled to be a worthy Man*, writing
to Dr. Colman in 1712, concerning the Society's Dejirf
to have Bijbops fettled in the foreign Parts committed to
Us Carey laith, as Dr. Mayhew himfelf quotes him, /
hope your Churches would not be jealous of it ■\. Certainly
therefore, he did not know any Caufe why they fhould
tie jealous of it. Archbii}iop Tennifon, who, though, 9
very good Churchman, is allowed to have meant np
Harm to any Diffenters, any wher^, left by his Will
lOQo/, to encourage the Appointment of two Bifhops,
one in the, Continent, and another in thelQands of Amer
tic a, Biflxop j5/<//^r, whom the Dodor praifes fo highly
and fo jultfy, was a hearty Friend to this Schemp, and
left 500/. to the Society. Bifhop Benfon^ whofe Chriftian
and Catholick Temper is well known to almoli: as many
as ever heard his Name, bequeathed to it fuch a Legacy
as he was able, /^ be added to the Fund for fettling Bijhops
in our Plantations in America, hoping [thefe are his owij
Words] that a Ikfign^ fo neceffary and unexceptionable ^
cannot but at laft be put in Execution,
The Doftor profjffes himfelf an Enemy to ir, bccaufc
of the narrow^ cenforious^ and bitter Spirit that prevails
in too many of the Epifcopalians in America ||. But may
not he think too ill of their Spirit? I verily believe lie
doth. Or if he doth not, is thcr* not an equal Share of
the fameSpirit in too many of the Presbyterians andCon*-
.V gregationalifts
§ Pag. 89. * Pr53. |- P. 88. 11: PH 129.
54 -^^ Anfwcr to Dr, Mayh EwV Obfervations.
"prcgationalifts th^re ? And ar^ Inveftives and Aft of tin-
kindnefs the Way to menci it on either Side? Or may not
the Ap^ointmenc of proper Bifhop$, conduce greaiiy to
mend it on the Side of the Epifcopalians ? But he fears,
that if this growing Party Ihould get a major Vote in the
Houfes of Ajfemhly^ Te/is might be obtained to exclude all
hut Conformifis from Pofis of Honour and Emolument^
and all Men to b$ taxed for the Support of Bifhops and
their Underlings ; and therefore be cannot think of the
Church of Ex\^\2iT\di*s. gaining Ground there to any great
Degree J and efpecfally of Jeeing Bijhops fixed among them^
without great Reluctance'*. Now this very Pafl&ge im-
plies it not to have gained Ground, as yet, to any great
begree: in another, already quoted, he fcarcely feems
to think it grows at a|t ; and in a third, though he falfely
fuppofes the Promotion of it to htz favourite Point piir*,
filed at a vaft Expence^ he dill hopes in God it will never
be carried-^. The Likelihood therefore oSf its ch ining
a Majority, is by no Means confiderable. F:;. if it
utere^ would excluding Bifhops be any mighty Guard
againft it. So that either Admilfion of them will be very
lafe, or the Doftor mud think of more vigorous Mealures
than have hitherto been ufed, to prevent thejncreafe of
this malignant Faftion. But fuppofing the Epifcopalians
were the Majority there, why (hould a TcftLaW follow ?
Is there any fuch Law in the Epifcopaliah Colonies ? Or
even (ho* there were,can it be imagined that if a prevailing
Party in New England were wild enough to propole,
his Majefty would ever be advifed to pafs one for that
Gountrv ? The Terror of being taxed for Bifhops and
their Underlings, as he civilly calls the Body of the
Ckfi^y, is yet more chimerical than the former ; as an
A61 for that Purpofe would affeft a much greater Number
of Per Tons, and in a ftill tenderer Point. iTilhes are paid
m England to i{\t<lhT%y by Virtue of Grants., which
laid that Burthen upon Eftates many Ages before the
prefeiit Foireflbrs enjoyed them. But could an a^ of
Parliament*
♦ fag/i39 t P. 90.
■:i^:*
I-" 'S.
V
>y
:*»>•
yifi Anfwer to Dn Ma YHEVf*s Obfrevathns, §$
be obtained now to iriipofe a^Tax never "known before,
of this or the likeNature, on this whole Nation, Di0e(i-
ters not excepted, for the Maintenance of an eccleilaflical
Hierarchy ? No body will pretend it Could. And witK
what Modefty then can the Doctor lugged, that luch z
Thing'mighi be feared in New England? Befides, woUld
it have l)een a good Reafon ^t the Revolution, for de-
barrmg the DilTenters from tile full Exercife of their
Church Government and Worfhip, that, if ihey obtained
it, they might perhaps increafc till they got a major Votjt
in both Houfcs, and then mi^ht ena^ no Morul knows
what ?
But indeed the poor Man's Fears, if you will beEev^
him, run to vaftly further lengths yet. He images alrea-
dy faimfelf and his Brethren driven to the laft Extremities "^
by thefe favage Epifcopalisms, and vents his Lamentations
in fuch moving Strains, that I muft tranfcribe them ; for
they arc the fineft Flight of Oratory in his whole Book,
though it is adorned with many. ** VVill they never let
us reft in Peace, except where all the Weary are at
Reft f Is it not enough that they perfecuted us out of
the old World ? Will they purfue us into the new, to
convert us here ? — What other new World remains as
a Sanftuary for us from their Oppreffions, in Cafe of
Need ? Where is the Columbus to explore one for, and
pilot us to it, before we are confumed by the Flames,
or deluged in a Flood of Epifcopacy ? For my own
Part, I can hardly ever think of our being purfued thus
*' from World to World, without calling to mind, tho*
without applying [tobefurc] that Paflage in the
Revelation of St. John : And to the fVoman were given
•* two fVings of a great Eagle, that Jhe might flee into
*' the IVildernefs, into her Place, where Jhe is nourijhed^^
*' from the Face of the Serpent, And the Serpent caft oUt
of his Mouth IVater, as a Flood, after the Woman, that
he might caufe her to he carried away of the Flood* y
Happily, foon after, the Doctor recovers from his Panic
• iii^
- * P. 129.
C(
cc
CI
«c
«c
C(
«c
C(
cc
cc
cc
#
■♦,<■
r\'"
m
■y -»
^•i,
II
I
56 yin Anfwer to Dn Ma y h e W*i Obfirvations,
fn fome Degree of Cprnpofedneifs, and faith, it is not his
bijign however to dijhonour the more moderate and dhrif'
fian Spirit of the Eng^fh Bijhops fince the Revolution^ and
particularly of this Day ^ by comparing it to the per/ecuting
Anti-chrifiian Spirit of many Prelates^ antecedent io that
glorious Mr a of Britilh Liberty, But why then fuch dif-
tnal Apprehenfions ? Why fuch Outcries ? where arc the
JPerfecutprs ? where is the Dragon ? All the World rauft
{ee, the Dodor himfelf muft fee, that his Declamation is
quite foreign from the Purpofe \ and on his firft Recol*
iedtioh he (hould have been alhamed of ir, and have ftruck
it out. .But paternai Tendernefs would not let hino de-
]^fy pathetic a Ranc on fo darling a Subject.
^^6t only the prefent Bidiops, but the prefent Age fs
grown milder in religious NMKers. Proteftants in gene*
ral) of all Denominations, in all Countries, but efpecially
in the Briti/h Dominions, bear with each other tar better
tl^n they did a Century ago ; and the fmalleft Attempts
towards an oppreflive Enlargement of fpiritualPower,
would be immediately crufhed with Indignation by our
Legiflature. The Diflenters here know it well ; thofc
abroad can hardly fail to know it ; and fo far as human
iForefight can reach, both the Moderation of the Clergy^
and the Watchfulnefs of the Laity over them, are much
more likely ro increafe than diminilh. But above all, a
6i(hop in New England would find abundant Reafon to
be cacitious of exertiiTg himfelf too far 5 and very thank-
ful, if with all his Caution he could Fhve in any tolerable
Degree of Peace. Therefare theDo(^or would not need
to be at all anxious for the Liberty of his dear Country,
though one were to be placed there. But to make him
perfeflly eafy, he may be afllired, that this neither is, nof ^
.cirer was, intended or dcfired ; which muft certainly be'
admitted as another Proof dill, that epifcopizing that Pro^
vince hath not been the favourite Scheme^ nor indeed any
Schcnie, of the Society. During the Courfe of more thap
fifty 1'cak'is, that'fchd^og BifHops to yfw^rnV^ hath been in
r- imitation.
li^-
ntry,
e him
nor
ly be
Pro-
dany
: ihafi
41
f^^^^:^9^9E-MJkWJft'^> We'Wj^miSi
%«^#f*y8!^.F9I^^ A4f^piheJJo^iBighr«%
S% Wyr^W W?' ^^^^:^ MP thinkjpg he muAJwigfs
^ < :^tt|E^ i|^eQ, t^j^« it, hf bad owgfsi;) Uf^^Vfhat wouJ^tlk^^^
|f|;()me. iiot on^, <^ his ppmpbua^prangqealreatjy men^
floS^fdj, but or h^ jrigciiious ShjppoiCr^ that ^r.Jaj/>d^prf^
'^,Mk'''^.f^i^%^ tN a, ceraih. J^^
J^<^#, nearj^ was even from tiff fpim^r
k^^M^'40^ tifJP^iace M one of the hunAlg^^Oj^t,
tleA^fitf's f ?; $0 mq<ii VTit an<) Ar<jhi^,i><^^i:<v|ilx
;ver. d|e JDo^r ab9i}pds in xii wou^ favej^o'to^^^fii^
a^)acfi^ to nuikiB^^ipk^ d^^ / > . .?
Ij^^^o^^ W^^, tj^avJ^Pcanjwr perceive \yhy t}^
prakyterjansfLni Conffcm^^omlify 'm.Nf^J^fi^ndim]^l
not as (afely ttre^the the Tfame ^ir wit^ ?^ ^^^p at thf if
^letWen i n Oid J^agJifii ^o • Hp,^^V^* ^« ^^ unwii)it)g
tp diiquiet aDy o)[ wm. l;iy importing atid (ettiingamongft
tliiem a ^feature, whicjii it feems they (phie of thein accoprjt
to jie ((^ noxious; Qtily we hope, ih^t hisQcca6onaily u^
veifjng tiirough the C!oumry. cannot ipfc^t it veryd?iig^
rou^ Mertrvmn BlfJiopS' are a utiiiorized by Law tp. live»
and a^ as fuch^ where^they wj!} in our ^lanfations, FopiiH
Biihops reG4eherc, and go about to. exercife every, P^rtof
tlieir F un£lion, without O^nce an4 '^*^hput C^ferj^atjot^
^iOenting Mini(^ersyc(idehere, and ho/4 their ^ee^^|<l|^
Ordinations, and whatever Purnofcs ibcy think fit ; an^
lefc Aflemblies give us no Umbrage. WJiat we d^fifi^
with refpe^t to New Knghnd, is much fefs: thst a BijQbop
nwy, not reGde the^c, but refort fhiihcr front time to timij
toofficiate amormll tliofe of our own Commonion.' JJiii
^nljaft. Abode wi(i be in whatever Province i!iw,illiii^ta
receive him, with liis Majefly's Appf f>bation : who will cei;?
tainly, for ^eafons of every Kind, fend fwch JRerfons Iq
this Gbara%r. as are leaft JikeJy to wui^ JL/neafij e(^
Surely the Doftor a^his Friends cancoi ihwart.a Schenifi
of this Nature, and call dbemfelvcs Patrons of religious
liberty. . ' Xv- ^ * ,
* Pag. 149. t P^9- , * .
>'i
f It is pelfible; though it is ftrange, tfi^t wlieo liis uNte I
VxiOh/mdri^ni, he tw^ mifqnderftand^lie Sodety V In. \
tehtfoft, both in feidiDg MUOonaries to TVmv Bufhini and
dcfiring Americw BUnops. I b6|M it is now fifficieotty
dwredupi andifhe is ftill dtflitilfieari ificreat hjfii to
e(mfider,mtlll(enoug^t, wM MMwrtfShirhh is
rf^K He hathvory«oad Abilities, and a Zeal that iirouM
be high^ commend&le, if it w<ire dtiljf tempered with
Chanty. But he (eems 16- liave nfitureny a mo(t vehement
8iMrit.aiid to have imbibed^ perhapi in hit early Days,
" tenatfy v«)l€f«em IVepodEflSoS agao^ vSlr'^fame of
KflMRiB, and ^fer^Thing conneAed with theiii; I am
fenfibie lihat tlvefe xhiiigs plt»d in Us Excuib : for they
bave often hurried Men, Minn the whok o^ant weU« not
bnly into great UnfittrnoRf it^vcd. but far iH^orfe
Faults. And though I have made tile dr (bme Freedom in
letting forth his MSlaies and Fsmalitiesr yetif fuflh Treats
inent, as he hath ^ven Mr. yiflhorp, was de%Mixl lor the
henevolint End ofjbewing. bim to kirafiif \, furely my
Treatment of Him will not be imputed to any unkinder
Motive. If he amends upon Admonition, he will deferve
much Relpe6l; if not, much Pity.
• But however he may take what I have written, I hope
others, particuhurly the Diflenters, both En^lifk arid Amiri'
can, aa many as mppen to (ee it, will confider it calmly :
and neither mdulge^ears without ^Foundation, nor aflfe^
Fears which they have not, in order to hinder their epiicopal
Br^hren from enjoying what they have a' Right to. Our
Inclinatbnistolivein Friend fhip with all the Protef^ant
Churches. We afllO and prote6^ thofe on the Continent of
JEurefe as well as we are able. We ihew our Regard d|^
thatofS^^0//<f/r^as often as we have an Opportuniy, aiM|
<befie?e the Members of it are renfible thsit ws do. To thole
who difler from us in this Part of the Kingdom, we neither
atteinpt nor wiih any Injury. And w<: fhall gladly g^ive
Proofs to every Denomination of Chriflians in our ColonifS»
that we are Friends to a Toleration even of the moft Intole-
rantras far as it isfafe ; and wiJling that all Mankind fhoutdr
pbdefs^^l <hc^^^i^^g^s> religious and civil, which they
fan demand either in Law or Reaibn. But with thofe, who
approach
♦ Luh ijc. 55, t Pag. 145.
*
•• #
to
An Atif(»€T to Dr» Ma y h tw's Oi/irvatimt.sf'\
tpproijch Mtrer. to ui in Purity of Faiih and brotfaeily
£ove, we are ddirout to cultivate a freer Cemmunidatioo,
DiflSng over all former Dilgufts, as we kg Aat they would*
if we ^ive tbem any feemingCaufe of Complamt, we hope
they will Cffofyit in the moft amicable ^nner. If chey
Di^Uh it, we hope they will prelerveFaimefs and Tamper.
If they failin either, we muft tiear it with Patience, out
be excaied f rom replying. If any Writers on our Side
have been left cool, or leis civil, than they ought and de*
ligned to have been^ we are fbrry for it, and, exhort them
. to change their Sale, if they write again. JFor it is_ ^he
Duty of all Men, ^f^ much (bever they difl^ in. Opinion,
tosgree in mutual ^ood Will and kind Behaviour . />
*»*\i
"*%
s'
nkmder
deferve \
I hope
almly :
■ ajfcft
i(copa!
Our
teftant
lent of
ard,
'' ^
► thoi
either
give
^m.
firolc-
boufd'
they
, who
dach
[>le
FIN L S:
■» "
V'
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