IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) k A {./ y f/. % II I.I 11.25 ■ii|21 |2J ^ lift 2.2 ^U4 6" Hiotogiaphic Sciences Corporation 33 WaST MAIN STRUT WIBSTIR.N.Y. 14580 (716) S72-4S03 •S5 iV ^-v\ V ^ \ ^:V^ , name, and ther brings tl spanned GUIDE TO THE EA9TSBN TOWNSHIPS OF LOWER CANADA, AND TO PORTLAND BT THE ST. LAWRENCE AND ATLANTIC RAIL- WAY. 'I! MONTREAL TO RICHMOND. The great thoroughfare to the Eastern Townships of Lower Canada, from Montreal, is via the St, Lawrence and Atlantic Railway. Passengers are conveyed in a steam-boat from Montreal to the Company's Wharf at Longueuil. The Depot here is large and handsome, two hundred and thirty feet long by sixty feet wide. The offices and waiting-rooms are fitted up in a very convenient manner. The engine-house, which is ninety-four feet long by fifty-six, is handsome and sub- stantial , and contains the turning-table. For about ten miles from Longueuil the road stretches through a level and tolerably well cultivated country to the South of the Mont- arville Mountain, which is called after a proprietor of that name. At that point there is a slight curve to the north, and thence a straight line of about five miles and a half brings the traveller to the banks of the Richelieu, which is spanned by a stupendous bridge or viaduct, twelve hundred i; 4 MONTREAL TO RICHMOND. feet in length, at an elevation of upwards of fifty feet from the water. A short distance from the bridge is the St. Hi- laire Station. Here the traveller can avail himself of a few minutes' stoppage to admire the beauty of the surrounding landscape. In truth quite a bird's eye glance of this lovely tract of country is here obtained. Behind, towers aloft Beloeil with its woods and rugged outline ; in the foreground are the grounds and delightful residence of Major Campbell, and at the foot of the hill is seen the pleasant village of St. Hilaire on the banks of the Richelieu. Here, too, travellers, who wish to see French-Canadian manners, &;c., might sojourn pleasantly. From St. Hilaire to St. Hya- cinthe, a distance of about twelve miles, the road passes in a straight line through a fertile table-land. The Depot here is one hundred feet long by sixty-seven, and has offices and waiting-rooms comfortably fitted up. The engine-house, which is eighty-eight feet by forty-one, contains a turning- table similar to that at Longueuil. St. Hyacinthe stands on an angle formed by a bend of the Yamaska, and is a tlirivng town, containing a population of about twenty- five hundred. The houses are generally built in a superi- or style, and very respectably tenanted. There is a large and handsome church ; and the college has long enjoyed considerable celebrity as an educational establishment. Being on the main road between Sorel and the frontier, it is much frequented by persons passing to and from these ; and the hotels afford good accommodation. The neigh- bourhood is very agreeably diversified by rich gardens and orchards, farms, &c. Near the town is a considera- MONTREAL TO RICHMOND. feet from ^ e St. Hi- ) fofafew I •rounding ] his lovely | ^ers aloft | ireground I^ampbell, village of lere, too, ^ oers, &;c., St. Hya- I lad passes 'he Depot | has offices | ine-house, I a turning- j the stands J , and is a \ t twenty- | 1 a superi- | ! is a large | g enjoyed blishment. le frontier, 'om these ; he neigh- ;h gardens considera- I ble waterfall, annd there are also grist and saw-mil's. A comfortable Hotel has been erected which will doubt- less prove to be a place of favourite resort to the citizens of Montreal during the warm summer months. Leaving the town of St. Hyacinthe the road passes over the Yamaska River by a bridge of four hundred feet, and thence througb parts of the Seigneuries of St. Hyacinthe and de Ramzay to Upton, thirteen miles, the first eight or nine miles of which is similar in character to that already described between Longueuil and St. Hilaire, — the residue is through an unbroken forest to the Depot at Upton, which is situated near the West bank of the Yamaska, here called the Black River. At this place, Major Macdougal, an extensive proprietor, has re- cently commenced a settlement, and with a liberality, truly commendable, has erected a neat little church ; whilst nearly opposite, but lower down the bank of the river, his Agent's comfortable residence and farmstead are visible. A oood carriajje road leads down the nver for about two miles to the Grand Chiite or Upper Great Falls of the P'^er. Here the Hon. L. T. Drummond, Attorney Geii J for Canada East, has a large property. Extensive saw mills have been erected, and the numerous tenements of those employed in them already give the place the appearance of a thriving village. Proceeding eastwardly by rail from Upton, the Black River is twice crossed, and six miles distant, still through an unbroken forest, the Acton Depot is reached, situated near the banks of the White River a tributary of the 6 MONTREAL TO RICHMOND. Black. The Depot, a neat and commodious structure ^ contains office, waiting room, and store, for merchandise. Two hotels are now also in course of erection. A road has been established and is now in progress of completion, starting from this point northwardly to Drum- mondville in the County of Drummond,distant twenty miles, and leading through parts of the Townships of Acton and Grantham ; southwardly from the same point, is situated the village of Metcalfe in Roxton, distant six miles. A plank road has been commenced, and nearly completed^ by a Joint Stock Company ; and in continuation of this^ an excellent winter road has been opened to Knowltonville^ in the County of Shefford, a distance of fourteen miles,, thus giving direct communication from the Acton Depot to the heart of Shefford County. It is expected that a turnpike road will be immediately made throughout this, fourteen miles. The village of Metcalfe is delightfully situated on a branch of the Yamaska, and although only a few years, have elapsed since it may be fairly said to have had a beginning, it is now one of the most thriving and bus/ places in the Townships. The present population is about three hundred, amongst whom are found artisans in almost all the trades. There is also a large Roman Catholic Church, with a resident Cur^, extensive saw and grist mills, a large tannery, and various other manufactories. A commodious hotel, and several respectable shops, one of which owned by Mr. B. Savage, would do no discredit to a fashionable street in Montreal. The water power at I so pec the grj Franc] Twelv reache and t\ This I Leavi] contin of the 1 Town: This ii MONTREAL TO RICHMOPTO. structur( ^ irchandise» « progress of r to Drum- \ enty miles, \ Acton and i is situated miles. A completed^ i 5n of tbis^ 1 iwltonville^ \ teen miles^ | ton Depot ted that a ! ^hout this ■j ated on a few years ive had a ] r and busy | sn is about ) i in almost i 1 Catholic j and grist | Olfactories, shops, one 9 discredit • power at this place is ample, there being a fall of forty feet in the distance of a quarter of a mile, and the shores on either side being easy of access, admit of its repeated U5e. In the summer season, the resident of Montreal, desirous of a short country excursion and the enjoyment of fine air, may in three hours, reach Metcalfe, and gratify his wish, if such he has, by witnessing the first operations consequent upon changing the native forest lands into agricultural fields, and beholding a nascent town rising in the wilderness. From Acton to Durham Depot, the distance is eight miles, the character of the country throughout being still similar to that already passed. At Durham, the road though not yet fairly " out of the woods" commences to assume that undulating aspect and ever changing scenery so peculiar to the Eastern Townships. Now commences the gradual descent of the slope to the valley of the 8t. Francis, by a series of curves of greater or lesser radius. Twelve miles from Durham Depot, the St. Francis is reached, which is crossed by a bridge of three hundred and twenty feet, and sixty-eight feet above the water. This bridge is a most elegant and substantial structure. Leaving the bridge, the road curves to the right, and continues at a very light grade, up the north-east bank of the river two miles to the Richmond Station in the Township of Shipton, seventy-one miles from Longueuil. This is the point of intersection of the Quebec and Rich- mond, with the St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railway, — a description of the first of which roads will be hereafter given. '( ,1 , i . .i . 8 RICHMOND TO SHERBROOKE. RICHMOND TO SHERBROOKE. The Depot at Richmond consists of several large and commodious edifices chiefly brick, and will, when com- pleted, afford about the same extent of accommodation as that at Longueuil before described. Melbourne Village is on the south-west shore of the river and directly oppo- site to llichmond. They are connected by a covered bridge of five hundred feet span, built by the Board of Works. In each village there are hotels, stores, &-c. &c. The Township of Melbourne is well settled, several miles back from the river, and has excellent carriage roads intersecting it in various directions. Rising abruptly from the river bank, it becomes sufficiently elevated to overlook a wide expanse of country towards the east and north-east, offering many noble views. There is a daily line of stages communicating between Melbourne and St. Francis, passing through Durham, Drummcndville, La Baie, and Nicolet. The Rail-road proceeds from Richmond to Sherbrooke a distance of twenty-four miles. Throughout this dis- tance, and thence to Lennoxille, three miles further the road winds up the beautiful valley of the St. Francis, passing through the residue of the Township of Shipton, all Windsor, and parts of Brompton and Orford. The river with its islands, rapids, waterfalls, and ever varying sinuosities, is rich in scenery that would afford ample scope for the painter's art. At the distance of ten miles from Richmond, the Railroad crosses the Windsor River, a few hundred feet below a beautifnl cascade on this \ '1 i RICHMOND TO SHERBROOKE. 9 i* large and < vhen com- lodation as ; ne Village S jctly oppo- ^ a covered Board of js, &c. &c. ed, several it carriage ng abruptly elevated to he east and •e is a daily bourne and nmcndville, Sherbrooke it this dis- further the t. Francis, of Shipton, ford. The rer varying brd ample f ten miles dsor River, de on this stream, and near its junction with the St. Francis. At this spot, C. Wurtele, Esq., the proprietor, has erected grist and saw mills, the usual nucleus of a village. At the distance of about seven miles from Windsor, the road recrosses the St. Francis to the Brompton shore, by a bridge of a single span of one hundred and eighty-two feet. Proceeding thence about three miles through the Township of Brompton, the high lands on either shore approach very near, and at many points quite reach the river. The road is therefore throughout this distance immediately on the bank of the river, passing through the spurs of the hills by deep cuts, frequently through rock, and carried across the ravines by high embankments. The " big Brompton Falls," a succession of ever varying and beautiful rapids one and a half miles in length are passed, and the road emerging from the Brompton hills, re-enters the broad valley of the St. Francis in the Township of Orford, and by a beautiful sweep four miles in length, reaches the Magog River, which it crosses by a bridge of two hundred and forty-six feet to reach the Sherbrooke Depot, in the Town of Sherbrooke, which is of a similar construction to those already described at Longueuil and Richmond. The establishment of a line of screw steamers now per- fected by the Provincial Government,to commence running from Liverpool to Montreal in the spring of 1853, and making Portland, during the winter months their point of arrival and departure, will no doubt make this Rail^roa*! the great highway for travel, and the transport of m«rchan=^ \2 10 SHERBROOEE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. disc, not only to Moitreal and Quebec, but also to a great part of Western Ciinada — offering as it will advantages of no mean order for speedy and almost constant cummunica- tion with the Mother Country. i I If SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. The Magog Eiver divides the Township of Ascot and Orford, and the ^ wn of Sherbrooke, lately incorporated, is picturesquely situated on either bank of that river at its confluence with the St. Francis. In 1816, the site of this town was in xcessible, excepting to the boatmen of the St, Franc' , or the pedestrian by a line marked through the woods. Its population at the last census was 2998 souls, and being the District Town and capital of the Eastern Townships, is rapidly increasing. The British Am< 'ican Land Company, incorporated by Royal Charter, ha e here their principal Office, with a resident Commissic er. The Company possesses upwards of 500,000 xres of land, consisting of Crown and Clergy Reserve distributed throughout every Township of the District, end other lands also acquired br the Company, to increase the convenience and value of their Govern- ment purchases, and to form contiguous blocks of land for communities or large families to locate together. A large variety of improved, and partly improved farms, are always on sale by the Company in the various Townships, at prices suiting the capital of the applicants, and varying from 10s. up to 20s. the acre ; also, mills, mill sitet, ^ Corp SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDART LINE. 11 :o a great intages of mmunica- LINE. Vscot and )rporated, iver at its tie site of )atinen of e marked ensus was capital of ng. The by Royal a resident )wards of ,nd Clergy hip of the Company, r Govern- is of land ether. A farms, are Townships, nd varying mill sites. village and town lots, and wild lands. The prices and terms of payment in purchasing from the Company are liberal, generally for a term of years, paying the interest on the purchase, or else by a certain number of annual instalments. To facilitate the settling of the emigrants and affording all useful information, there are Agents for the Company established in different and distant localities all over the Townships. The intending settler has thus not only every facility afforded him, but has the assur- ance of dealing with a respectable and influential Corporation, not likely to practice any imposition on him. Large investments have already been made in establishing manufactories of the greatest importance to the country. Amongst these are an extensive cot- ton and woollen factory, a pail factory, paper mills, an iron foundry, machine shops, saw and grist mills, Sec. &c. There are numerous mercantile establishments containing every variety of goods suited to the wants of the country, two printing establishments, each issuing a weekly journal, four churches, an Episcopal, a Congre- gational, a Methodist, and Roman Catholic, each with a resident clergyman, a Court-house and jail, two aca- demies, and two bank agencies. The site of the town, although of an irregular and broken surface is beautiful in the extreme, and from its elevated position commands points of view unsurpassed in the country. The eye at one moment following the beautiful St. Francis in its now placid career by banks which here assume quite a pas- toral character, at the next, is arrested by the furious l! 12 SH£RBROOKB TO THE BOUNDARY LINfi. !1 1 I ' Magog as it leaps from rock to rock on its course through the town. Nor is the locale ^vanting in stirring mementos of those distant days, when the early settler in his lonely clearing was wont to be startled by the shrill war-whoop of the prowling savage. It was the battle ground of a fierce and bloody rencontre between the St. Francis Indians, and some of the hardy pioneers from the New Hampshire grants, and skulls and other human debris, have lately been turned up in the excavations made for the Railroad. Communication with the town through Megantic County from Quebec is had by tbo Gosford Road ; from the St. Francis Territory and large block of Crown Lands in the Eastern part of Sherbrooke County, by the Bury and Eaton Roads ; from the United States by the Stanstead and Hereford Roads, and from Montreal through Cham- bly and Shefford County, by the Orford Road, — on most of these there is a daily stage. The tourist on his arrival will find ample accommodation in the various hotels, and may amuse himself if so inclined, by a visit to the various factories where he will find civil and intelligent foremen to afford him ready information. At the pail factory he may witness in a few moments the construction of a pail from a block of wood. A large amount of coopers work is daily turned out of this establishment which is deservedly cele- brated throughout the country. Its enterprising proprie- tor was awarded a prize medal for a sample of his work at the World's Exhibition in London. He will also see a water power, believed to be unequalled on this ifi\ SH£RBROOKE TO TH£ BOUNDARY LINE. 13 s course n stirring \y settler the shrill ;he battle m the St. \ from the er human ions made tic County from the 1 Lands in i Bury and Stanstead igh Cham- ■on most of his arrival otelS) and he various bremen to iry he may pail from it'k is daily edly cele- proprie- ile of bis He will led on this Continent, and which when fully employed cannot fail of making Sherbrooke a place of great importance. In addition to this natural water power the British American Land Company, have just now in course of construction , an artificial one, having a fall of one hundred and sixteen feet in a distance of about half a mile, by constructing a canal which taps the Magog above the upper falls, convey- ing a portion of its waters through a deep ravine to the Rail-road Depot and thence to the St. Francis. Adjoin- ing this several lots possessing great hydraulic power, hava already been purchased for the purpose of establishing factories, on one of which is now being erected an exten- sive car and carriage manufactory for the supply of these articles for the Rail-road, and on another a foundry and machine shop. As the advantages of the situation, from its proximity to the Depot, are unrivalled, either for the receipt of the raw material, or the expediting the manu- factured article to its destination, a number of manufac- tories will speedily be established in this part of the town, and cause a quick demand for the remaining lots undisposed of by the company. The tourist on landing from the cars, will have his ears saluted by the busy hum of human indus- try, see all around hivn the signs of a rapidly advancing prosperity, where little more than a quarter of a century back, reigned silence and solitude amidst the primeval woods. Should his tastes incline him to sport with the finny tribe, the neighbourhood of Sherbrooke will afford him an excellent field for the exercise of bis skilly if he happen to arrive in the proper season, wfaieb 7/ 14> SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDART LINE. II! •': \ I : from end of June. ranges trom tbe middle of May to tl or from the 1st September to the end of October. Providing himself at Sherbrooke with a light boat, and a man acquainted with the Magog, which are at all times easily obtained, he will find ample employment for his rody for a distance of twenty miles to Magog at the outlet of the Magog Lake. The trout are plentiful, and the only fish in the stream, and range from one to four pounds. Very fine pickerell,bass, and maskinonge, are also to be taken in the St. Francis by trolling. Leaving Sherbrooke by Railroad, you arrive at Lennox- ville in Ascot, distant three miles south of Sherbrooke, a beautifully situated village in the valley of the Massa- wippi, at its junction with the St. Francis. In this delightful village is situated Bishop's College and the Grammar School in connexion with it. These institu- tions are admirably managed, the terms of tuition and board are moderate, and the situation is both beau- tiful and healthful. A Depot is established here for the convenience of the large and thriving settlements to the eastward. From this point, an excellent carriage road leads in an easterly direction through the fine Township of Eaton, settled now some thirty years, and thence to the new settlements of the British American Land Company in Bury and Lingwick. Eaton possesses two pretty villages, having each a comfortable cpcmtry inn, and dis- tant twelve miles from Lennoxville, with which they have daily communication by stage, affording one of the pleasantest drives in the Eastern Townships. A stage com wick tend inclu abou whos I Tow caugl when one found 1 the h 2 taken ! ner ol mater ^ sport. Re i valley beautl • enters limit c westei named to the from ] In< Watei two Dl place, >1 4 of June, October, i boat, and [ all times or bis rod > the outlet 1, and the ar pounds, also to be it Lennox- srbrooke, a he Massa- i. In this je and the ese institu- tuition and )oth beau- lere for the ents to the Triage road e Township lence to the d Company two pretty nn, and dis- 1 they hare ne of the A stage SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. 15 Ling- communication is also had thence through Bury wick, a distance of twenty-two miles, beyond which ex- tend the vast territory of unconceded lands of the Crown, including the Lakes St. Francis and Megantic, each about fi.^teen miles in extent, and Megantic Mountain whose summit is supposed to be the highest point in the Townships. Excellent trout and other fine fish are caught in almost all the streams and lakes, which every where abound in this wild region. This is now also one of the few Districts in which the Moose Deer is to be found in any considerable numbers. Very many of these ^ the largest and noblest of Canada^s wild animals, are taken both in winter and summer, and although the man- ner of hunting them at the different seasons varies very materially, it affords at all times animating and exciting sport. Returning to Lennoxville, the Railroad leaves the valley of the St. Francis, proceeding up that of the beautiful Massawippi, and at the distance of five miles enters the valley of the Coaticooke, at the northerly limit of the Township of Compton ; and thence up the western slope of this valley through the centre of the last named Township, and near the easterly line of Barnston, to the Province Line, a distance of twenty-eight miles from Lennoxville. In Compton, the Railroad passes near the viilage of Waterville in the north part of the Township, and about two miles west of the centre — the former is a thriving place, having a foundry, grist and saw mills. The other fl/f* 16 SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. ■ [V. :: 1 1 I 0= :l ..■ Ill III ' l!ii I J; I ! J' is ail older place, and being in the centre of tbe Town- ship, near the summit between the Coaticooke and Moe's River Vallies, commands a beautiful and varied prospect. This Towuship is watered by the Coaticooke and Moe's Rivers, which have a parallel course through it of about three miles apart, affording numerous mill sites in their course. The country between these rivers, is moderately elevated, chiefly settled and well cultivated. The valley of the Coaticooke is broad and beautiful, affording a wide extent of alluvial meadow grounds. Two excellent car- riage roads pass from north to south through the Town- ship, one of which is continued through Barford and Hereford to the Province Line, at the head of the Con- necticut. The drives in this Township afford a great variety of fine scenery and are truly delightful. Tho traveller desirous of enjoying these or visiting the Town- ships of Hatley and Stanstead, should leave the cars at the Compton Depot From the latter place, continuing by rail, at the distance of about six miles, he reaches the Coaticooke Village, on the river of the same name, in tbe north east part of Bamston. There is here an excellent water power, with grist and saw mills and a well kept country inn. A good carriage road leads from this^ village into the heart of the Township, to another pretty village. Bamston is one of the most settled of the Townships, with excellent roads traversing it in every direction. Having now reached the Province Line, (for continuation of Railway to Portland see IbllowiDg pages), the tourist must retrace bis steps ffB. SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. 17 'i the Town- and Moe's cl prospect, and Moe's t of about es in their moderately The valley ling a wide ^ellent car- the Town- 3 arfbrd and '{ )f the Con- ; rd a great itful. The 5 the Town- i the cars at | continuing | eaches the | ame, in the ) n excellent | well kept I from this*'! to another $ ost settled | srsing it in | Province | >rtland see his steps to the Compton Depot, for the purpose of reaching Stanstead and the Magog Lake. Leaving this, he first reaches Charleston Village in Hatley, distant five miles, passing through a beautiful country, from some elevated points of which he will be constrained to pause and admire the rich scene spread out be- fore him, which includes the bold Highlands or the west shore of the beautiful Massawippi Lake, the north end of the Green Mountain Range on the west shore of the Magog Lake, some twenty-five miles distant, while the picturesque and broken outline of the Orford and Megantic mountains are seen in the far distance. From Charleston Village a road of fourteen miles leads through part of Barnston direct to Stanstead plain within a mile of the Province Line, passing through a delightful country, affording fine views of the Massawippi Lake and adjacent country. The Township of Stanstead was one of the earliest set- tied in the country, and is the most populous and wealthy, excellent roads thread it in every direction, along which are every where found schools, churches, mills, and well stocked and cultivated farms. It also possesses three very considerable villages, that at the plain being the larg- est ; the next at Rock Island on the Province Line, pos- sesses an excellent water power and is a place of note for its commerce and manufactures, the last, Georgeville situ- ated on the shore of the Magog Lake, and embosomed in hills, is one of the prettiest imaginable, when viewed from the Lake. It is now the general resting place of the throng i! fl 18 SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. Wi' Hit 1-3 ! i ii I; ; I . t 1 * !l k , i ■ I' ' 'Ii I ail ilii '! (I of travellers, who annually visit the Lake and neighbour- hood, which may justly be termed the Switzerland of Ca- nada. This Lake is from twenty-five to thirty miles in length, by a width of two, and runs several miles into the adjoining State of Vermont. A steam-boat, ^' The Moun- tain Maid'\ has been placed on its waters, running daily between Newport at its head in Vermont, and Magog at its outlet. No tourist should omit taking a trip on this Lake, nor making the ascent of the Owl's Head, a mountain 2500 feet high, on its western shore, at the base of which he will find comfortable accommodation at the Mountain House Hotel. From Georgeville there is a steam-ferry which crosses to the Bolton shore, from which conveyance may be had by a tri-weekly line of stages through Bolton, Brome, Dunham and Stanbridge to St. John's about sixty miles. The three last named, are fine Townships containing several villages, and a large agricul- tural population. Brome Lake, near the residence of Lieut. Col. Knowl- ton in Brome, is a fine sheet of water. It is about three miles in diameter, studded with islands, and is celebrated for its excellent bass fishing. Another road leads from Stanstead Plain through West Hatley, passing the south end of Massawippi Lake, through Magog at the Magog outlet, around the base of Orford Mountain, through Stukeley, Froste Village, and Waterloo in Shefford, Granby Village in Granby, and thence by. the macadamized and plank road through St. Cesaire and Chambly to Longueuil, about one hundred 1 and si IB, SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. 19 neighbour- and of Ca- ty miles in les into the rheMoun- inning daily md Magog ng a trip rl's Head, a ore, at the )mmodation irille there is , from which e of stages idge to St. led, are fine rge agricul- ^ol. Knowl- about three i celebrated rough West rippi Lake, id the base ste Village, jrranby, and through St. ne hundred and six miles. A tri-weekly stage runs through the ■ whole oi' this route, affording the Township tourist an i excellent opportunity of viewing the County of Shefford, j in which are found pleasant villages, and flourishing farms. Having thus in a cursory and imperfect manner intro- ; duced the traveller into the most settled and best culti- I vated of the Eastern Townships, (a great portion of these I being still covered with the primeval forest), a few obser- ; vations upon the character and capabilities of the country j generally, may not be deemed irrelevant. The climate I is similar to that of Montreal, and considerably milder |than that of Quebec. It is eminently salubrious and en- Itirely free from ague, intermittent fever, and other epide- tmics which prevail in some parts of Western Can.da, and |the adjoining States ; and, it should be mentioned as levidence of the purity of the air, that while the Asiatic Cholera has repeatedly raged with extreme virulence in ^11 the surrounding countries, not a single case has occur- |ed in the Eastern Townships. I The general appearance of the face of the country is post beautifully picturesque ; the land rises in gentle iwells for miles together, the uncleared portions clothed ith maple, beech, and birch, and other hard woods, ivhile the vallies aro generally timbered with hard wood tind evergreens mixed, or with evergreens alone. In ievery direction are found plentiful rivulets of the purest knd clearest water, which uniting in the course of a few miles, form large brooks, and thus aflbrd every conveni- ence for the erection of mills, &c., and also afford the (f <\' 20 SHERBROOKE TO THE BOUNDARY LINE. A I t: (|i. ii , I, :m I ■' ' tJ ^ ' '•! I II. angler abundance of sport. Interspersed through most of the Townships are found beautiful Lakes, varying from one mile to thirty, and filled in most cases with delicious fish. The general soil of the uplands in the Townships is a light loam, easily worked, and yielding good returns for the labour of the farmer, while in the lowlands, and along the shores of the stream are extensive alluvions, which, when cleared are chiefly used as meadow land, and pro- duce extraordinary large crops of hay. The whole country is particularly favorable for grazing, and the beef and mutton fed on the pastures of the Town- 'i7., . . ships are fully equal to any in Canada. DISTANCES FROM LONGUEUIL TO THE BOUNDARY. From Longueuil to Charron's .... 5 Boucherville Mountain 10 Lea\ iver t hich I: hence ow noi ^vesterl • ng Rii |Wenlo< Irhis ha tlanti< St. Hilaire, Les Soixante St. Hyacinth Upton . Aston Durham . Richmond "Windsor Sherbrooke Lennoxville Compton Coaticoke . Province Line 16 23 30 43 49 , 57 , 72 , 82 . 95 . 98 108 117 126 )i n { he bea ountry |s prese hree q nd bea hosen han th ommo( fa hi avorite tocked id asi nd mu y abo nd it V he all BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. 21 BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. Leaving the Boundary Line, we pass up the Coaticooke Liver through the town of Norton to the Norton Pond, ^hich lies partly in Norton and partly in Warren's Gore, ^hence crossing the summit between the waters which low northerly directly into Canada, and those which run resterly into Memphramagog Lake, we pass down Pher- nons, wmcn, a^^ River through a corner of Morgan Township into ^enlock to Island Pond lying in Wenlock and Brighton, ^his has been selected for the point of junction of the itlantic and St. Lawrence and the St. Lawrence and itlantic Railways. The route from the Boundary to rithin a few miles of this point is through the forest, and ^he beauty of Island Pond and the adjacent section of jountry seems still more striking from the contrast which 10 W Presented. The Pond is about two miles in length and 16 J^""®® quarters of a mile in breadth, bordered by farms 23 W^ beautiful natural scenery. No point could have been 30 #^^sen far this junction possessing greater advantages 43 if ^^'^ *^^* '^^® depot grounds are spacious, the buildings ^9 #ommodious, and the lands in the vicinity are susceptible 5'y |)f a high degree of cultivation. This must become a 72 Javorite resort of pleasure-seekers, as the Pond is amply 82 iltocked with trout and pickerel, which here seem to have 95 laid aside their old family feuds, and to have increased 98 ^nd multiplied time out of mind. The forest in the vicin- 108 iffy ahounds in game, worthy the attention of sportsmen, 117 m^^ ** ^'^^ probably be many years before the shriek of 126 m^^ ^^^ conquering locomotive will have entirely driven mships is a returns for s, and along nd, and pro J for grazing, af the Town- JOUNDARY. . . 5 tain I ' \\ ';ii 22 BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. t^. h: I i : I ri ij ■ <:i"l \ i f<:r \y\ I ! i: ! the moose, the bear, and the deer, into retreats still more secure. Leaving Island Pond, we pass along Spectacle Pond so called from its supposed resemblance to a pair of spectacles, and thence passing by level or gentlj descending grades through Brighton, Brunswick and Bloomfield, a distance of fourteen-and-a-half miles we reach the Connecticut River, the boundary between the States of New Hampshire and Vermont. This portion of the route is also through a continuous forest, though a passable carriage road runs from the Connecticut to a point some miles above Island Pond on the Phering River, and also down the Clyde (which rises in Island Pond) to Derby and the west. Soon after leaving Spectacle Pond, the line crosses the summit between the waters flowing into the St. Lawrence, and those which seek the Atlantic by the way of the Connecticut River. The West Branch of the Nulhegan has its source just beyond this summit, and the line follows this stream to its embouche- ment into the Connecticut. At this point, there is an extensive water power judiciously improved. A mile below is a large mineral spring strongly impregnated with sulphur and iron. Crossing the Connecticut River by a substantial bridge of two spans of one hundred and sixty feet each and thirty feet high, we reach the broad fertile meadows of Stratford. The road now passes along the ? bank of the river for ten miles, being for the greater part of the distance out of sight of the comfortable farm houses which stand on the high table at the foot of the mountain range which skirts the valley. The scenery \\ BOUNX)ART LINE TO PORTLAND. 23 } still more Spectacle e to a pair or gentljr iswick and f miles we letween the } portion of t, though a lit to a point River, and [ Pond) to tacle Pond, ters flowing :he Atlantic The West heyond this embouche- there is an 1. A mile ^ated with River bj a id and sixty troad fertile s along the rreater part •table farm foot of the he scenerj [here is beautiful, quiet and pastoral in its character, land ever varying. Stratford Hollow is seven miles [below the Connecticut Bridge. Bog Brook flows through the village aflbrding sufficient water power for the wants )f the people in the vicinity. Following the river to a listance of three-and-a-half miles below this point, the line passes the ridge between the valleys of the Connec- ticut and Upper Ammonoosuc R iver through very heavy cutting. We are now in the town of Northumberland, md entering the winding and narrow but picturesque and )eautiful valley of the Ammonoosuc. The Northumber- land station is two miles from the Connecticut River, and me hundred and twenty-two from Portland. There is in excellent Hotel close at hand, where the comfort of Ihe sojourner is the first object of the enterprising pro- prietor. This is a very important station, as the highly iultivated farms lying between Northumberland and Lan- iaster on both sides of the Connecticut River, send here if their abundance things new and old for the Portland larket. Lancaster, the shiretown of Coos county lies the Connecticut ten miles below the station. It is a iautiful and flourishing village, where almost every trade represented, and whose business with Portland contri- ites largely to the support of the road. Northumber- ind village in New Hampshire, and Guildhall in Ver- mont, delightfully situated opposite each other on Falls the Connecticut, are three miles below the depot. |ieaving Northumberland, we cross the Ammonoosuc by a ridge of one hundred and twenty feet span and thirty n i I; i! i I I I!,- I li !<• i^i^' ■ ! 1 II ' ! I I I IV : V^'i c ,'t ,i! r '• i! ■il! fill ill ! I li i 24 BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. feet high, and thence the line follows the rirer through Stark, Dummer, and Milan, to its head waters, Am- | raoDOosuc Pond, a distance of twenty-three miles, — now running close to the river, the base of the embanicment i washed by its waters, — now leaving it to find its way across the spurs of the hills by a route less circuitous than that of the stream Just before reaching the Pond, the river is crossed by a bridge forty feet high. This portion of the | route affords many fine views of the famous Stratford Peaks. We now come to the summit between the Connecti- cut and the Androscoggin waters, which is passed with a grade of sixteen feet to the mile, and soon cross Dead River which we follow to Berlin Falls where it empties into the Androscoggin. The Line itself for most of the distance between Northumberland and Berlin Falls is through the forest, but there are farms all the way within a short distance of the Railway, and carriage roads | running parallel with its course. The only station in this distance is at West Milan, which also accommodates Dummer Bridge, a little hamlet a mile above the station. I Berlin Falls village is at the mouth of Dead River just 1 at the head of the Falls. Situated in the midst of the f wildest scenery, offering the greatest inducements to sports- men and lovers of the beautiful, and possessing a com- fortable and convenient Hotel, it has already become al favorite place of resort. Great quantities of lumber fori the Portland market are annually manufactured at thisj point, and at the mills on the Androscoggin^ ai short dis-{ tance above. It! BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. 2»|P itaiion in this ccommodatet Leaving Berlin Falls, the Line descends five miles by gradient of forty-five feet per mile to the valley of [oose River which empties into the Androscoggin from the South West. This portion of the route affords several lagnificent views of the principal peaks of the White ^lountains. Crossing Moose River near the mouth of ^hich is a large Hotel, we reach the White Mountain Station House in Gorham, delightfully situated on the >elta, between the Androscoggin and Peabody Rivers. Gorman Station House is five miles from Shelburne, linety-one from Portland and two hundred and five from Boston. Before reaching it, the track crosses Peabody' Liver — runs along the valley of the Androscoggin and *eabody Rivers — and gives a good view of many small' till tops. The hotel itself is the chief object of interest here and" )ne which is likely to attract the more immediate attention ^f the traveller. It is in full view on the right hand side ^nd very unlikely to be mistaken or overlooked. This [ouse is a three story edifice, erected by the Atlantic anu )t. Lawrence Railroad Company. It stands in the valley >f the Androscoggin and Peabody Rivers — in a clea» ing r between two and three hundred acres. The scenery on < [11 sides is closed up by mountains. Those in front are ^nnamed : the long ridge in its rear is known as Mt. Hayes. 'be building is one hundred feet front and fifty feet wide, rith an ell of equal height one hundred feet long. Piazzas imbrace three sides of it. It has a dining room eighty- Ive feet long by thirty feet broad — drawing rooms, parlors, B '1 ill .) ■ I 'if ') ill :i 1 i', I VI I :'■ I \'l\ m i ■"/I i i i 1! iV- II '• ' ■. 1. ll ■ M 26 BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. reading and smoking room, bathing rooms, &c. — in all, one hundred and sixty-five rooms and is capable of accommo- dating two hundred and fifty guests. The sleeping rooms are carpeted and furnished, provided with stoves and ven- tilators. It is a most thoroughly built edifice and admira- bly adapted to the purpose for which it was built and is used. The House is under the management of Mr. J. R. Hitchcock, formerly of Boston, who has spared no pains to carry out the plan of the projectors and make it, in all respects, the best house among the mountains. The high praises of those who have tarried with him heretofore give ample testimony to his merits — a testimony which can only be increased by their successors. The White Mountains are not visible from the Hotel, although it is but ten miles distant from the summit of Mount Washington. Five minutes walk, however, in almost any direction brings them into view. In order to visit them a ride be- comes necessary to the Bellows' Farm : and a most interesting ride it is too. The distance is seven miles — over a good and hard road in the valley of the Peabody River. Carriages leave the Gorham House daily for this place, and private carriages, which are preferable, can be obtained. Immediately after cross- ing the river from the Hotel, the road plunges into tbe shadow of hill-tops that block out all objects beyond them. Only at intervals, for the first two miles, can any sight be obtained of the loftier peaks that are in advance. But the drive is magnificent even here. Old trees skirt the roadside and hr^ng over it — partially ccncealing — pw- BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. 27 ally revealing the beautiful waters of the river that runs jde by side with the road. About half way betvireen the [otel and Bellows' Farm is a deserted house in the midst |f a clearing — ^where, in past time, a man, more bold than rise, tried to support himself, and failed. There is also a |enerable saw-mill near by : but the dam has been swept ray and the saw hangs idly in its frame. Aside from lese, and an occasional rabbit that may hop across the )ad, or patridge flying from intrusion, there are no signs life, present or past, on the road we travel. The Glen House at Bellows' Farm is three stories in jight — has two sitting rooms, a spacious dining room^ ithing rooms, Sec, It stands on a plain of about one hun^ ^ed acres in the valley of Peabody River. The Mountains [e directly in front, nothing intervening to obscure, in any sgree, their giant forms. On the extreme left is Mount Washington and viewed from here, the now celebrated iaks rise up continuously, one after another, towards the jht, in the same order in which the Presidents, after lich they are named, were elected. On both wings of ise loftier summits arc the tops of innumerable lesser jvations, so confused and crowded together as to render »r description here impossible . Back of the House is long, irregular rise, called " Carter Mountain." There lot, probably, any spot, on either the eastern or western fe, where a finer view is obtained of the great peaks than ^m here : and it must, from this circumstance alone, soon jome a very important spot for mountain travel. ^bose who are desirous of ascending the MountainS| 41 t , ir 1.' r I ;9 !^^ Ml. i\ I 1(1 ^ ! ! ''V Ui I'; i^^ I'iNi 28 BQUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. lengtl] e having driven to the Glen House, will there find a ver/ choice selection of ponies and saddle-horses ready for the expedition — and experienced guides to accompany them. It is but four miles to the summit of Mount Washington —the pathway being entirely on that Mountain. For the distance of a quarter of a mile the path is along the valley of the river : it then changes into a gentle ascent up the base of the hill : then leads through a forcbt of va- rious trees and mounts continously by a zig-zag bridle way, until the region of trees is lost or they become dwarfed ir^to mere bushes. Beyond this there is nothing visible but the rocky soil, over which the horses carefully pick their way, and numberless hill-tops on every side. At last the steep ascent is won and the gratified adventurer finds himself gazing from the top of Mount Washington. Berlin Falls, another object of interest and curiosity is , upon the eastern side. They occur in the Androscoggin river, about six miles beyond the Gorham House. Trains leave the hotel daily for the spot — affording a most expe- ditious and comfortable means of reaching them. The return trip should not be undertaken before they are visited. A.t this spot the entire current of the stream is, for the mstance of about one hundred and fifty feet, compressed | to half its size by lofty walls of granite. Through this;« channel, with an inclination of thirty degrees, the waterf rushes furiously untill, meeting obstructions, it leaps preci-| pitously fifty feet downwards : then, for an instant^ whiten ing with foam, it prepares to pursue its headlong course,W|e(fppg, to the valley beneath, A bridge, about forty feet ii'Sdirecth in th inj? tl Tb< Peaba qualit ble str tions t is no except I The d^ rods, i sight ( al othc repay not wi Eiver, I the for and pa merous an eag in the i Sta^ -^rancc even r hrouol The va BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTE.AND. ^9 find a ver/ sady for the pany them, ^'ashington tin. »ath is along entle ascent I orebt of va- l bridle way, ime dwarfed | hing visible m irefully pick J Y side. At 1 adventurer A^ashington. i 1 curiosity is| ndroscoggia I ise. Trains! I most expe- ,j them. The y are visited. I n is, for the | compressed I ^hrough this I s, the water I leaps preci- antj whiten- oug course, orty feet iii3 [length, has been thrown across the most interesting spol in the Falls and affords an admirable position for behold- ing them. The trout fishinn: in tl.is vicinity is most cxcplh^nt. Peabody River is untqirill-.^d for the numbers, size, and quality that live in its clear water. It is » >nost accessi- ble stream, moreover, and one witliout any j^ei'i .us obstruc- [tions to present an expedition to its voiy sources. There is no stream upon the west side of the Mountains, if we except the Saco, that can be at all compared with it. The descent of the waters is such as to create, every few irods, one of those large and beautiful pools so dear to the [sight of the sportsman. Besides this there are sever- tal other brooks and rivulets in the vicinity, which will well [repay the trouble of a visit. Even the Androscoggin is not without sport, though more Inborious than Prabody [Eiver,or the lesser waters. There is some thing, too, in Ithe forests, to exercise the r^^:i!l of the hunter. Rabbits md partridges f.;'e very plentiiul — squi^-rels are not so nu- hnerous, but can be foiuid. .Deer, foxes, and occasionally Ian eagle, are to be met with. Bears are known to live iiii the mountains and are sometimes sliot. Stages leave the hotel, d;uly, for l'ai5^Mn\\ f 'ibb's anfl Vanconia Notch. The distance to F:>'.y' ns i;s tweiiiy- seven miles and leads over the mo;>t beauiiud routes and through the most magnificent scenery ar>y where to be met. [The valleys of two or three small streams are followed to Fefferson, there the road turns to the left and crosses ilirectly over Cherry Mountain — more usually Pondicherry 30 BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. ii > l';i 1 1 ;/ ! ri i ) -^affording such a view of the surrounding country as is toj be 00 where else obtained, unless upon the summits of thei peaks ; and even there the view is more stern and rug- 5 ged than here. From thence to Fabyan's is but a shortf distance. Instead, however, of visiting Fabyan's, the traveller| may proceed from Jefferson directly to Lancaster and^ from there down the Connecticut to what ever destination he pleases. The grandeur of the scenery over Cherry Mountain will so well repay the fatigue of crossing that it must ne- cessarily attract much attention. The road passes at the^ base of Mounts Adams and Jefferson, and for several miles^s in the town of Jefferson gives a view of all the prominent peaks of the White Mountains, the Franconia Mountains, ^ and a portion of the Green Mountains range in Vermont^ Shelburne, N. H., is the next station from Gorham.J The village consists of a few red houses in the centre or| the little arable land there is here. A church, the lasti and only one in the region, stands on a hill side. The forests, dark and sombre, close up all views, except| where some high hill-top bursts up into the sky. FroiD| the cars Mount Moriah is visible, rising loftily above the| summit that surround it. Mount Jefferson can also be seen farther in the distance with distinct outlines of othersp of the White Mountains. A little trout brook runs along| the roadside. Gilead Static i in next in order. Wild River flows into the Androscoggin at a lixtle distance. A large tri' v*\ BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. 31 [angular mountain is seen on the left, sloping gently down to the river. In the valley, through which the road runs, is a small tract of cultivated land. The boundary line between Maine and New Hampshire is about two miles (from Wild River. It is formed by a board fence enclos- ling the south side of an orchard, which is on the left Iband of the track. West Bethel. The Blue Hills are visible here on the left, and a iong range of unnamed mountains tower high md blue to the right, and the river with its valley is tetween them. A little beyond the station Pleasant Liver empties into the Androscoggin. Bethel, four miles farther, is a flourishing village on the Androscoggin River, which we leave here. It has m Academy, a Church, &c. There is a very fine view )f the Bethel Mountains to the left, rising up over a ralley sprinkled with neat farms and farm-houses. Walker's Mills, a little burgh at the head waters of ilder River. Leaving here there is a very fine view )n the left hand, of the Mountains of Bethel, covered learly to the tops with birch and pine. Locke's Mills are sixty-five miles from Portland. Bryant's Pond. On the right, while approaching thi« ^tation, there is a very beautiful view of the Pond. In phe rear of the Pond is a rocky rise, called in honor of a )hysician who lived and labored here eighty years ago. Mount Christopher." Three beautiful little islands lot the bosom of the water — which with its islets, promon- )ries, capes and bays, forms a miniature sea. Its outlet 32 BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. is on the south side, where an old saw-mill, crurablingj away on its banks, gives a romantic and picturesque ap pearance to the scene. North Paris is the next station. The village itself is not visible from the depot. From this place, for a dis- tance of three miles, the country is rocky and rough, — | with a grade in the road of sixty feet to the mile. South Paris. This village is small, but, for its size | one of the most busy Jind enterprising in Western AJaine.J It contains a great deal of fertile land, is well wateref'l and timbered. Norway Village, on a pond of the same name, which is one of tlie sources of the Little Andros-| coggin, is but a few miles distant, a most delightfu village. North Oxford is fortv-five miles from Portland. Oxford is a village of about two thousand inhabitants,^! possessing a remarkably fertile soil in the valley of the| Little iViidroscoffsin. Mechanics' Falls. Here is a junction with the Buck-| field Branch Road, thirteen miles in length, connecting n| town of that name with the Atlantic and St. Lawrence| Road. This village is a manufacturing place of some^^ considerable size and importance, situated on the Little| Androscoggin River. I Empire Ptoad. There is a very large and substantiaFj stone bridge or culvert between this place and that lastl mentioned. Hotel Road is two miles from Danville Junction. Danville Junction. The Androscoggin and Kennebe K BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. 5a Railway diverges at this point, and streaching off to the east, after a distance of fifty-five miles, reaches the Ken- nebec at Waterville. The Indian name of this place was Pejepsco and it was formerly a portion of North Yar- mouth. Cobb's Bridge is twenty-four miles from Portland and three miles from the Junction. New Gloucester, which is visible on a side-hill upon t?stern .\iaine.Sthe right. The section of country through which we well watere- Ifhave just passed, although on a line of railway, does not jpossess many farms of great extent or of so high cultiva- tion as those in the older and settled regions. The atten- tion of the inhabitants has been turned to other pursuits, nd the sea and the forest have withdrawn much of the nergy and capital requisite to render farming either leasant or profitable. The towns are not populous. Webber's is four miles from North Yarmouth. North Yarmouth is a stopping-place, without note, hree miles from the Junction. Junction of the Atlantic and St. Lawrence with he Kennebec and Portland Ptailroad, at about a mile rom Yarmouth. Just before reaching the Junction the oad crosses a stream of no great size, but of some con-* iderable celebrity in the olden time : Royal's River. During the period of the Salem witclic.raft excitement nd trials, this stream formed the easternmost boundary f the delusion. Beyond it the powers of darkness nd sorcery were supposed, from some unaccountable eason, to have oo power j and if an^^ suspected person II, crumblingi cturesque ap- llage itself isj ice, for a dis- and rough," the mile, t, for its size( [ of the same >.ittle Andros- ost delightful rtland. d inhabitants, valley of the ith the Buck-I connecting r, St. Lawrence ace of some on the Little nd substantiala and that last| unction, md Kennebe^^ fr t 34 BOUKDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. I r lill ' 'mi ll i! !'■ I'll k IT j i i could prove that he was born to the east of Royal's River, or had ever lived for three months to the east of it, he was immediately acquitted and released. An incident illustrative of this fact is to be found re- corded in one of the earlier volumes of Massachusetts Reports. A very intelligent and likely young man by the name of Burrows, a resident of Portland, was accus- ed of being a wizard and sorcerer, and was brought up I for trial. The prepossessing appearance and manners of | the young man inclined the court in his favor, and very leading questions were put to him for the purpose of obtain- ing his declaration i;hat he had lived the requisite period | of time beyond this river. His integrity, however, was ™ proof against temptation ; the verdict was given and he was executed. Yarmouth is eleven miles from Portland. It is a large | place and of better business r.apacities than either; Falmouth or Cumberland. It is situated on Casco Bay | and is chiefly devoted to mercantile and maritime pur- suits, although a large cotton manufactory has been re-j| cently erected. Cumberland is another small village on the Bay — the| waters of Avhich, however, are not visible from the cars.! It is possessed of many navigable facilities, and like Fal-i mouth, is engaged mainly in agriculture and ship building, Falmouth, live miles fi'om Portland, a pleasant little 1 village on Casco Bay, formerly enj^aged to some exteot | in fishing and ship-building, but now devoted chiefly to 1 agriculture and ship building. >T BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. 35 ,f Royal's he east of ; found re- ssachusetts ig man by was accus- brougbt up L manners of )r, and very )se of obtain- 1 luisite period lowever, was given and be It is a large than eitber Casco Bay, laritime pur- Ibas been re- tbe Bay— the I from the cars, and like Tal ship building! [pleasant littlef some extentj >ted chiefly V Portland is a city containing a population of about twerty-two thousand. It is situated on Casco Bay, pos- sesses a fine harbor and has a commerce — chiefly with the West Indies,^ — of considerable importance. The Custom House is an edifice of great beauty. There are also many very elegant private residences. There are two Hotels, in this city, which for accom- modation, convenience, &c., may compare favourably, with any in New-England. The United States Hotel, by Moses Woodward, is upon the corner of Elm and Congress Streets. It has been recently renovated and fitted up in a superior manner. Its table is not excelled by any on the route. There are attached to it bathing rooms, a livery stable, alleys, &c., &c. Mr. Woodward, its landlord, formerly of the Bangor House in Bangor — both there and here has maintained a high reputation for ministering to the wants and comforts of the travel- ling community. The Elm House, by Charles H. Adams, corner of Temple and Federal Streets, is a large and convenient jedifice, every way adapted to the purpose for which it is sed. The tabic is unexceptionable, the rooms large eat and airy, and the location good. Those stopping in ortland, for a longer or a shorter time, may be assured hej will find the Elm House satisfactory in every res- ect. It would be unpardonable in us were we to omit notice g, a very unique and most pleasant place of summer sort, which the Portlanders have about three miles out, . I K fr 35 BOUNDARY LINE TO PORTLAND. ife^li \ li 1;: \ I The " Cape Cottage," as it is known, is a diminutive Gothic Castle, on Cape Elizabeth, built of granite and furnished in the most superior manner. It overlooks the ship channel, and has a splendid view oil' towards the ocean. Forts Scaiiimell and Preble are clearly visible from the pia?:za. It is provided with every variety of pleasure boats, with horses and bowling" alleys. The fishing in the vicinity is excellent. Indeed, Cape Cottage is one oi' the most charming places for a summer resort we have ever visited, and its proprietor, Mr. Alexander Foss, is fully capable of doing the honors. The seabathing in tne vicinity of Portland is unsurpass- ed by any of the famous watering places in the United States. Beside " Cape Cottage", the Ocean House and Fronts Neck in Scarborough afford most delightful retreats from the dust and heat of the city and great numbers of visitors resort hither annually. There is no doubt but these places and others along the coast will now from the I facility of access become the favourite summer quarters of numerous families from Canada and the neighbouring! States. The Steamboat connection between Boston and Port- land is maintained by the Steamers " St. Lawrence,''! and " John Marshall." The former is a boat of about! seven hundred and fifty tons ; the latter not quite sol lar^e. They leave the wharf at the foot of r»Iilk Street'* in Boston, daily, Saturday and Sunday excepted, and arrive in Portland before morning. Both of these boatj| s^re safe, strong and speedy, built expressly for the busij SOUND ARY LINE TO PORTLAND. 37 B Cottage ler resort A^lexander unsurpass- he United House and tful retreats numbers of doubt but iw from the quarters of i ^eigbbouring In and Port- m [Lawrence,'' )at of about lot quite so| blilk Street Icepted, and I these boats; k)T the busi- ness in which they are engaged, and admirably adapted to the wants of the travelling community. They have both been thoroughly overhauled and elegantly refitted. They are officered by efficient and obliging men, who will spare no spains to satisfy and accommodate their passengers. All the reasons which can any where be advanced in favonr of steamboat travelling over railway riding may be urged here. A very fine view is obtained of Boston and its harbour — of the Forts and Islands along the harbour and of the ocean. A comfortable supper is to be obtained on board — and a good night's rest in prepar- ation for the morrow's travel. DISTANCES TO PORTCAND. From Boundary to Island Pond, Stratford, . Northumberland West Milan, Berlin Falls, Gorham, Shelburne, * Gilead, . . West Bethel, Bethel, . . Loch's Mills, Bryant's Pond, North Paris, South Paris, 16 14i 12J 10 14} 6 6 6 4 5 3 6 9 d S8 QUEBEC TO RICHMOND. If- 'n lilii'i Distances to Portland — continued. From Boundary to Oxford, 7 M. Falls, . . . . 3^ Empire Road, . . . H Hotel Road, . . , , 3 Danville Junction, . li Cobb's Bridj^e, . 5i N. Gloucester, . 3 N. Yarmouth, . 4 Yarmouth, , . . . 4> Cumberland, . . . 2 Falmouth, . . . . 4 Portland, . . . . 5 n ;/., m m li 1 Hi QUEBEC TO RICHMOND. The Quebec and Richmond Railroad commences at the lower extremity of Hadlow Cove Seigniory of Lauzon, lately belonging to Mr. Price. A wharf is in course of construction, which will be carried into the River a suffi- cient length to ensure for vessels lying alongside a depth of twenty-two feet at low water. It will be of such dimensions as to afford every facility for the loading and discharging of freight, and have ample sheds for the ac- commodation of passengers, and to protect goods from the weather. Here, there is also to be an Engine House, one hundred and fifty feet in diameter, with suitable re- pair shops, car houses, water tanks, and a forty-five feet turn table. The road proceeds along the beach to Point s» QUEBEC TO RICHMOND. 39 Levi Mills Tihere it ascends by a fifty feet gradient to the level of the Gap — a distance of three and a half miles — thence straight to the Chaudiere River about three and a half miles farther. The point of crossing is only a little way above the celebrated Falls, which will thus in future be much more accessible to the lovers of the pic- turesque than heretofore, when the old fashioned Cana- dian caleshe was the only mode of conveyance to be pro- cured. Independent of the beauty of the Falls, the Rail- way bridge itself will form an object of singular attraction. It is to be of wrought iron girders resting on nine piers. After leaving the Seigniory of Lauzon, the road crosses the north east corner of that of Gaspc — crosses that of St. Giles transversely about its middle, as also that of St. Croix. At this latter place, the firtt principal summit is attained at an elevation of five hundred feet above the wharf at Hadlow, distant 24< miles. From this level, where the waters of the Chaudiere are divided from those of the Becancour, there is a gradual descent to the latter river, distant from Iladlow thiity-five miJcs. At the Becancour a favourable crossiao: is obt-iinfid where the banks are elevated, and foundr.tions for the masonry firm. A noble bridge composed of tubular f i -dei's and two spans will be thrown acros.s the river. Tfie Et cane our is four hundred and sixty feet alove the Jcvel )( the. tide water at Quebec. Xlising- ac^.un, t'le load passris IV jlyon, and attains a s.jcorid su nn;li at thii H'c dividip^- that township from Son er>ot, Thi-; 's Hvc luuulred I'cct iibove Had- low distant iliirty-eiylit : liles. Ci'ossi ig tho Township of .'II 40 QUEBEC TO RICHMOND. mm j r-lm Somerset in nearly a direct line, and leaving the village a short distance to the east, the road pursues a more westerly course to the village of Stanfold, where the third summit five hundred and thirty-six feet above Quebec tide water is attained. Somerset and Stanfold are two thriving villages, and the business of a large back country, will centre here ; from the agricultural resources of this district, the char- acter and extent of the surrounding population, and their recent growth in numbers, a large amount of traffic at these points may be anticipated for the road. At Stanfold the line deviates slightly from its previous course, and takes a direction more southerly ; this deviation being necessary to pass the high lands lying to the south and east of Somerset. - * Passing near the settlements of St. Christophe and Arthabaska, the line continues from Stanfold, nearly parallel with the Arthabaska road, crossing Wolf River, and Nicolet River, at favorable points and at an elevatior of four hundred and eighty feet and three hundred and ninty-five feet respectively above Quebec tide. Iron bridges will be erected at the two rivers last named. From Arthabaska the line enters Warwick at its north eastren corner, crossing the " Great Road" not far from Warwick Chapel, to the south, near " Jonathan Harvey's." Here the fourth principal summit is encoun- tered, distant seventy miles, and elevated four hundred and eighty-five feet above Quebec tide. At a distance of twelve miles from Warwick, the Rail- .v'^ 1\} QUEBEC TO RICHMOND. 41 way passes a few rods west of the village of Danville, in the Townshi ^ of Shipton. This place contains a numerous population, and is the centre of a large district rich in agricultural products, and affording facilKies for various manufctures. Not far to the west of Danville is King- sey Falls : a village promising some advancement ; con- taining an abundant water power, capable of being improv- ed to an extensive and profitable degree. Tlie business of this locality will naiurally How to the Railway at the Danville Station, to which there is access by a good and direct road. At Danville the South Nic 'let River is crossed by ano- ther iron brid-t «=»»^*' r *ha«i> N X ■ V