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TO THE

Catholics of Ontario,

A Flea in Favour of

HIGHER EDUeATION,

DN number 307 of that famous publication, The Spectator, there
is reproduced from the illustrious Athanian statesman Pericles,
a very beautiful thought : " The loss which the commonwealth
suffers by the destruction of its youth is like the loss which the year
would suffer by the destruction of the spring," This striking senti-
ment is, we deem, very aptly applied by the writer to the subject of
education. "The prejudice which the public sustains from a
wrong education of children," says he, "is an evil of the same
nature, as it, in a manner, starves posterity and defrauds our
country of those persons who, with due care, -night make an
eminent figure in their respective posts of life." " The philoso-
pher, the saint or the hero, the wise, the good, or the great man,"

says Addison, " very often lie hid and concealed in a plebeian,
which a proper education might have disinterred and have brought

to 'ight it is therefore an unspeakable bleasing to be

born in those parts of the world where wisdom and knowledge
flourish."

During the century which is now far in the evening of its
course, perhaps more than ever in past ages, the momentous
question of education has drawn to its scrutiny a remarkable quota
of public attention. Statesmen, as well as less prominent mem-
bers of legislative bodies, have been called upon to give it their
midnight meditations; distinguished clergymen of various denom
inations have championed its cause from many a renowned pulpit;
the common people, that class to whom it is especially of vital
interest, have often been required to manifest their sentiments in
its regard. Even millionaires, urged by some more than usually
philanthropic bent, have repeatedly opened their much cherished
money-bags to aid the advance of knowledge. New theories of
instruction have been again and again proposed, new plans have
been lavishly drawn out, discussed to exhaustion, and many of
them finally abandoned ; new methods of procedure in training
young minds have been resorted to, and a host of them found im-
practicable if not absurd.

The question of education is, then, a topic which, at the
present day, demands the careful attention of every one who has
at heart the most sacred interests of the human race. It must be
said in truth, that the usefulness of a man's whole life, for himself
and tor the great family of which he is a member, depends upon
his education. Aye, we must go further and assert that a man's
eternity, those countless millions of ages which lie buried in the
mystery of the future, will draw their felicity pr their misery
respectively from a true or a false education.

J-

Canada is far from being- behind in the onward march of men-
tal culture. To become convinced of this one has only to visit our
cities, our towns, our villages, and even our remote country dis-
tricts. Almost every w^ere can be found a school where child-
ren may receive such instruction as will fit them, at least in some
measure, for the battle of lite.

As has again and again been shown by able writers, the
Catholic Church during al'l ages and in all nations proved herself
the zealous custodian of education. With that heavenly instinct
which is her great inheritance, she is fully aware how dear to the
heart of God are the innocent souls of youth. She knows well
how important it is to gather from her extensive fields the tender
young plants and to place them beneath the shelter of her con-
servatories before the uncertain temperature of a feverish world
has had time to spoil their fairness. Every unprejudiced student
of history acknowledges that the Catholic Church kept alive the
bright light of knowledge when, but for her, the whole world
would have slept in darkness ; and just as she was eminent for her
scholars in the past, so is she now in the foremost rank of modern
advancement. Her education is the right article ; not that sickly
so-called education which consists merely in a parrot-like acquisi-
tion of names and dates, and figures, without those ennobling-
acquirements which spring from a proper development of the whole
man. The Catholic Church imparts knowledge which is sanctified
by the serene light of faith. In her system God is never lost sight
of when studying the admirable works of His hands. As her
children advance in science they are taught to advance also in love
for the Lord of Science. Her system of higher education is
especially excellent and is therefore destined to endure. Notwith-
standing all the new-fortifying of the educational lines, in spite of

the craze for nineteenth century innovations, and in defiance of a
feverish hungering after modern inventions in the great work of
imparting knowledge, we see that, at least in the higher courses
of study, the old curriculum, the curriculum of the Catholic
Church, is still in vogue and still in honor. It can hardly be im-
proved upon. The staid snowy heads that drew out its lines were
wiser than those upstart, unsteady minds that seek its abolition.
" Whatever educational theories may be," says the London Times,
"educational practice is evidently in favor of the old curriculum,
Latin, Greek, mathematics, and the elements of science." This
statement, coming from the most distinguished of English news-
papers, is a strong argument in favor of our Catholic colleges.
The curriculum mentioned by the Times is the one our Catholic
colleges have always patronized. They have always stood by it,
and, in its results, it has stood by them. It has formed for the
world some of the greatest scholars that the human race can
boast of.

But the system of advanced studies in many of our higher
educational establishments is praiseworthy for another reason. By
imparting to their students a good course of pure and sound
philosophy, our universities enable their graduates to meet the
great questions of the day with well balanced minds. In dealing
with this advantage it may be well to quote a few words of the
Hon. William Torrey Harris, United States Commissioner of
Education. They are a crushing argument in favor of our Catholic
colleges and universities. " The America of the future," says this
distinguished authority, "must be fashioned by men of higher
education, and the glory of higher education is that it makes
Philosophy its leading discipline and gives an ethical bent to all
its branches of study. Higher education must direct the student
in history and psychology, in the understanding of deep national

principles and the aspirations which mould and govern men in
their individual and social actions. The really educated man must
be a philosopher, and is by that fact the spiritual monitor of the
community of which he is a part." These words, coming as they
do from a gentleman holding so responsible a position in the world
of education, must be regarded as of no ordinary weight. They
are words well pondered before being spoken ; they are words
that show us what should be the "leading discipline" of higher
education. They tell us that the noble faculties of man's soul
must be properly developed and directed by a good course of
correct philosophy. Now that philosophy which can thoroughly
bring about those grand results the Hon. Mr. Harris has in view,
is nowhere to be found save in our Catholic educational estab-
lishments.

There is, then, a great responsibility resting upon the con-
science of every Catholic. Every one of us should do his utmost
in the cause of true education. It is a work that is cherished by
the noblest hopes of every good man ; it is a work that is, as we
v/ell know, doubly dear to the generous 'eartof Rome's venerable
Pontiff. In many ways Catholic colleges and universities are
ahead of all others ; still, from a material standpoint, they are
often far behind. In this respect we Catholics have not at our
command those advantages that fall to the lot of our wealthier
fellow-citizcMs professing other religious beliefs. No big-hearted
millionaires are pouring their thousands into the coffers of our
poor colleges and schools. Our work for education is carried on
amid the unpleasantness of a hand-to-mouth existence ; it is a hard
pull against a rapia current ; it is a veritable struggle for life and
honor, but it is a struggle that, from its very courage and success,
is drawing the attention and the approval of all careful thinkers.

In this state of affairs can it be wondered at that some defects

*t.

are to be found in our institutions of higher learning", especially if
examined from a material standpoint ? It need . money to f it up
fine modern building's well ventilated and properly fitted to meet
the exigencies ot modern comfort. It needs money to furnish
students with first-class food and the necessary mean.s of proper
physical culti re, It needs money to give professors the proper
training in order to fit them for the great work of education. But,
al'>.s, it is just money that is most laci^ing. Even with our slender
means, however, we cope successively with the very best institu-
tions in the lard. What then, could we not accomplish, had we
at our disposal o :ly one-half the amount annually donated to non-
Catholic Colleges.

i i

The great problem, therefore, to be solved, is something of
this nature : HOW CAN OUR CATHOLIC INSTITUTIONS OF
HIGHER EDUCATION BE IMPROVED? HOW CAN THEY
BE PLACED ON AN EQUAL FOOTING WITH THEIR
NON-CATHOLIC COMPETITORS? Is it not by an in-
violable union in our own ranks, a sincere effort, a strong
pul! together? Let not division exist among us. Let us join hands
and work as one for a common c^use, a glorious cause, the cause
of our young friends, the cause of those innocent souls so dear to
our hearts, the lights of our firesides, the hop-^: of our altars and
of our legislative halls.

This work foi better education is a universal work. It is a
work that Catholics in every clime should undertake, further, and
perfect. But the Catholics of Ontario have an especial need to
battle unanimously for the betterment of higher education in their
province. They are in the minority. They are not equal to their
non-Catho!ic fellow citizens either in wealth or in influence. They
cannot afford to let petty prejudices paralyze their efforts for so

noble ati end. They must manifest some of that good will, to the
possessers of which, at the Nativity of Christ, the angelic choirs
proclaimed the peace of God, Is it by multiplying institutions of
higher education that the glorious end in view can be attained ? Is
it number we require, or is it rather excellence ? Here is where
Catholics are sometimes at fault. Instead of bearing up steadily
the load which, God knows, is heavy enough already,
they seek to place new burdens upon their shoulders, and the re-
sult i'i a general sinking under the accumulated weight. One
first-class Catholic University is certainly enough for each province
of the Dominion. Catholics in this country cannot afford more,
and if they do attempt to erect and sustain a greater number, the
result will be, necessarily, an all-round inferiority. The grand
object of Canadian Catholics, of clergy and laity alike, should be,
therefore, to have one first-class institution of higher learning in
each divisiot! of the Dominion ; one upon which they can, with
assurance, depend for as good an education as can be had in any
other similar establishment in the world, one to which they will
not be atraid to confide the spiritual and ^.emporal welfare of their
boys, one which will be a credit to the Catholic name and to the
Catholic spirit throughout this land.

Such was the idea our Holy Father, Pope Leo XIII, had in
mind when, ten years ago, he raised the College of Ottawa to the
dignity of a Catholic University. Indeed, as may be seen by refer-
ence to the Apostolic Brief ot erection, the Holy Father
especially designates Ottawa University as the centre of Catholic
higher education especially for the Province of Ontario. Notwith-
standing this fact, Ottawa University has been regarded as merely
a diocesan institution. It has been left to depend, to a great ex-
tent, upon the neighboring Republic for its quota of students, as

if there were but a few boys in Ontario desirous and capable of
high mental culture. Now we think this is unfair, first of all to
the Catholic youth of Ontario, and secondly to the University itself.
There are hundreds of Catholic young men in this province well
capable ; of filling with honor the highest positions of trust in our
country. The only thing to impede their promotion is the lack of
a proper mental and moral training. On the other hand Ottawa
University is not merely a dioscesan institution ; in the far-seeing
designs of Christ's Vicar it is, primarily, as we have said, an in-
stitution for the higher education of the Catholic young men of
Ontario, irrespective of diocesan boundaries. That this fact may
be clear to everyone whom it may concern, we desire to reproduce
in full the Holy Father's sentiments regarding Ottawa University.

* *

CANONICAL ERECTION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF

OTTAWA,

LEO ^>P». 22:111.
FOR THE PERPETUAL REMEMBRANCE OF THE EVENT.

As the Apostolic See has at all times watched with anxious
care over the preservation of the integrity of faith and morals, so
also, hcis it ever been solicitous that there should be at the disposal
of Catholic youth, well appointed institutions for the stud} ot
sciences and fine arts, in which there might be acquired, in further-
ance of the private and public good of human society, a thorough
mental and moral C;ducation. Nor has it ever neglected, whenever
such seemed to be desirable, to promote the dignity, stability and
prosperity of such institutions by the support of its own authority

and power.

■ *

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For these reasons it was most pleasing to Us to learn, that

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there had been established, as early as the year of our Lord, ;848,
in Ottawa, a renowned City in Canada, a College for the Educa-
tion of Catholic youth, by Joseph Eugene Guigues of illustrious
memory, a Priest of the Congregation ot the Oblates of Mary
Immaculate, who was appointed the first Bishop of Ottawa, — and
that, in the course of time, the said College had auspiciously grown
to ampler proportions, by new extensions made to the College
buildings, as well as by the establishment ot a library, and the
addition of museums and of all means and appliances for the im-
parting of a complete and thoroagh education, and furthermore,
by the ever-increasing number of its students whom the fame and
high standing of the institution had attracted even from distant
localities, so that in the year i866, the same College was judged
worthy, by the highest legislative assembly in Canada, to receive
the well deserved legal title of a civil University, and to be vested
with all the rights and privileges which the other civil Universitie.'J
enjoy through the authority of the civil power.

In consequence of the eminent success and prospei'ity of the
College of Ottawa, there was submitted to the Apostolic See, in the
year iSSS, a request on the part of the Superior of the Congrega-
tion of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate and cf the learned mem-
bers of the Faculty of the College, and also a letter on the part of
the Archbishop of Ottawa, earnestly beseeching Us, that the said
College of Ottawa, which was deserving of such high con-nienda-
tion, be exalted, in accordance with the custom and established
usage of the Apostolic See, to the dignity and rights of a Catholic

University.

•k *
*

To these entreaties We have willingly accorded a favorable
consideration, for we know what advantages for the pursuit cf the

"■t^

most advanced studies this great College has, established in that
most distinguished City of Ottawa, which, besides being the seat
of the civil government, has been elevated to the honor of an
Archiepiscopal See, and which by its central position amidst the
cities of Canada possesses easy communication with every part of
the country, and which, moreover, receives additional splendor
from the presence of those distinguished men who preside over the
Supreme Councils of the land, and conduct the administration of
public affairs. We also know with what zeal our beloved sons,
the members of the Congregation of the Oblates of Mary Imma-
culate, have devoted themselves, since the year 1848, to the proper
education of the young, having willingly bestowed upon this noble
work and its advancement their possessions as well as their zealous
care, and how much the Superiors of that same Congregation
have always taken it to heart, to preserve and nurture, in a becom-
ing manner, among their subjects, a devotedness towards the Holy
See and the Rulers of the Church, and to promote to the profes-
sorship of Ottawa College the prominent disciples of their Congre-
gation, — of whom several have been honored with the Doctorate
at the Gregorian College of the Society of Jesus in this august City,
and, at the same time, to watch that philosophy and theology
should be taught in accordance with the doctrines of St. Thomas
Aquinas. These things being so. We can understand how many
illustrious scholars, formed by the learned professors of the College
of Ottawa, have gained for their teachers wide esteem and honor.

* *

We, therefore, after due consideration of these facts, and
willingly consenting to the common entreaties of our Venerable
Brother, Joseph Tho.nas Duhamel, Archbishop of Ottawa, and of
the Superior and members of the Congregation of the Oblates of
Mary Immaculate and of other eminent citizens of Qtta\ya, for the

greater glory ot God and the promotion of the Catholic religion,
and for the honor and good of Canada, by these Letters do ele-
vate by canonical decree the College ot Ottawa, —established for
the education of Catholic youth by theCongregation of the Oblates
of Mary Immaculate, whose administration and instruction is con-
ducted by the Priests of the same Congregation under the author-
ity of this Holy See, and of the Archbishop of Ottawa— to the rank
of a Catholic University, and we bestow upon the said University
the right of conferring the Doctorate and the other academical
degrees in every branch of Science, in accordance with the
established regulations and laws of Universities.

* *

Since it is, furthermore, of the greatest importance to the
honour and prosperity of the University that it should be prudently
provided with good and wise laws by which it may be advantage-
ously guided in its administration, We will and ordain that the
statutes and laws of the same University be submitted, as soon as
possible, to the Apostolic See, in order that they may receive, after
mature deliberation, the sanction of its authority. It is, moreover.
Our will that our Venerable Brother the Archbishop of Ottawa,
and those who will after him occupy the Archiepiscopal chair, shall
hold the office of Apostolic Chancellor in the same University, and
that the Archbishop himself and his successors, and also the other
Bishops of the Province of Ottawa and of Toronto, * who will affiliate
their Seminaries and Colleges and other similar institutions with
the aforesaid University, do watch over the preservation of a cor-
rect and sound doctrine in the same.

F'inally, We give to the said University the power to consider
in the number of its students, after the manner of the University

* At this time of the signing- of the Papal Brief, the Province of Toronto comprised the
Dioceses vvliich now form the Province of Kingston.

of Quebec, those whc are educated in the Seminaries, Colleges, and
other institutions of the ecclesiastical provinces of Ottawa and To-
ronto only, and to accord to them the same favors as to the other
students of the University of Ottawa.

Such is Our will and decision, and We therefore decree that
these Our Letters shall always be and remain firm, valid and
effective, and shall receive and retain their full and complete ef-
ficacy, and shall in all thing's and under all circumstances be inter-
preted in favor of those whom they may concern, and in what-
ever manner it shall concern them, and that it shall be incumbent
on ail ordinary and delegated judges and also on the Auditors of
the Apostolic Palace, and the Nuncios of the Apostolic See and the
Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, even Legates a Latere, lo
render their judgments and definitions in accordance with these de-
cisions, withdrawing from every one of them, all power and au-
thority of judging otherwise, and that it shall be null and void if
any r ie, on whatever authority, knowingly or unknowingly, should
happen to act in opposition to this. Our decree. Notwithstanding
all decisions to the contrary that deserve special and individal
mention or derogation.

Given at St. Peter's in Rome, under the Seal ot the Fisher-
man, on .he 5th of February, 1S89, in the eleventh year of Our
Pontificate.

LIS I

For His Eminence Cardinal Ledochowski,

T. FAUSTI,
Substitute.

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It is then, evidently the wish of the Sovereign PontiflF that the
Catholics of Ontario should manifest their Interest in the affair of
advanced education by consulting in every way, to the best of their
power, the interests ot Ottawa University, Let them weigh well
the following words from the Apostolic brief given above: "It is,
moreover, Our will that Our Venerable Brother, the Archbishop of
Ottawa, and those who will after him occupy the Archiepiscopal
Chair, shall hold the office of Apostolic Chancellor in the same
University, and that the Archbishop himself and his successors,
and also the other Bishops of the Province ot Ottawa and of
Toronto, who will aifiliate their semiiiaires, colleges and other
similar institutions with the aforesaid University, do watch over
the preservation of a correct and sound doctrine in the same."

•' Finally we give to the said University the power to consider
in the number of its students, after the manner of the University
of Quebec, those who are educated in the se:,iinaries, colleges and
other institutions of the ecclesiastical Provinces ot Ottawa and
Toronto only, and to accord to them the same favours as to the
other students of the University of Ottawa."

From these words of Leo XIII, it is easily seen that Ottawa
University is intended for the Province of Ontario, in the same
sense as Laval University is meant for the Province of Quebec. It
is likewise clear that the Catholic Hierarchy of Ontario have a
right to take an active part in "the preservation of a correct and
sound doctrine in the same." Moreover, as may also be seen from
the above Brief, the Sovereign Pontiff ordained "that the statutes
and laws of the same University should be submitted as soon as
possible to the Apostolic See, in order that they might receive,
after mature deliberation, the sanction of its authority." This or-
dinance of the Holy Father was duly complied with. The laws
and statutes of Ottawa University received, by Apostolic Letters,

;!l

,l;r
1, ''■

'1!:
II'

dated on the 12th day ot June, 1891, tlie solemn sanction of the
highest ecclesiastical authority on earth.

Holdinj^ third place amongst these statutes and laws is found
the following article, to which we call especial attention : "As is
commanded in the Apostolic Letters of the Sovereign Pontiff, Leo
XIII, gloriously reigning, dated on the fifteenth day of March,
1889. the guardians, patrons, and guides of the University shall
be, first of all, the Archbishop of Ottawa, as Apostolic Chancellor,
then the other Bishops of th6 Ecclesiastical Province bearing the
same name, and, finally, the Bishops of Ontario, who will affiliate
their own seminaries, colleges, or other similar institutions, with
the said University. It will be the duty of all these to see that
right and sound doctrine is taught in the University."

The fifth article provides that : "Under the vigilance of the
Apostolic Chancellor, and of the above mentioned Bishops, (as de-
creed in article three) and under the authority ot a Superior Gen-
eral, (as laid down in article four), a Rector, together with his as-
sistants, a Council of Administration and an Academic Senate, will
rule the University." These two articles, approved as they are by
the Holy See, sufficiently show that Ottawa University is not
merely a diocesan institution. Indeed, students from all parts of
Canada and the States are ever welcome in its class-rooms. All,
whencesoever they come, will have extended to them the same
privileges. Still, in the face of such testimony, as given above, it
cannot be denied that Ottawa University is, first of all, and by
Apostolic authority, the centre of Catholic education in th2 Prov-
ince of Ontario. It is then a duty, incumbent on the Catholics,
whether clerical or lay, of Ontario, to further in every way its ad-
vancement.

!ii'

But how can this advancement be attained ? How can this ac-
complishment of our cherished hopes be arrived at ? Is it not by

iij

of the

the unanimous and loyal support from the Catholic clergy and
laity of Ontario ? If Ontario Catholics really wish to have Ottawa
University in conformity to their ideal and ours why not give it
such liberal help as will soon enable it to take the foremost place
amongst educational powers ?

In the past, Ottawa University has been very little favored in
a material way. No government aid has ever been offered to it.
No Canadian Rockefeller has, as yet, extended the jewelled hand
of liberality in its behalf; while influential members of the Catholic
body have, in certain instances, withheld that assistance which
would have made them none the poorer, but which would have
substantially proved their interest in the great work of Catholic
education. Had Ottawa University received that unanimous un-
calculating support, which is its due, that generous support called
for, at least implicitly, in the Apostolic Brief of its erection, it
would now, seen even from a mateiial standpoint, hold on this
great continent, a foremost place amongst institutions of advanced
learning.

As has already been stated, the Rt. Rev. Archbishops and
Bishops of Ontario have a right to oversee the work done m Ot
tawa University. Surely, since it has such a distinguished body
ot learned and holy men watching over its teaching and its methods,
there is no danger for the future of Ottawa University. With the
Rt. Rev. Archbishop? and Bishops, and the reverend clergy of this
province, taking an active part in its improvement, our institution
is destined soon to become an educational centre that will be a
real credit to the Catholics, not only of Ontario, bu also of all
Canada.

The Rev. Fathers (Oblates of Mary Immaculate) in charge ot
Ottawa University, are determined to do all in their power to place
it in touch with moderr^ progress, They are resolved to make it

'i;!^!;.

■ I, -

i \\l

■\ i.

a first-class educational establishment. AbOv*t forty-five members
of ^he Oblate Order devote their daily, and often their nig-htly, toil
to its moral, intellectual and material welfare. Its professors are,
as is well known, not working for any material remuneration. The
only object they have at heart is the proper education of the young
men committed to their charge. If that work succeed well, if
these young men he well prepared, both morally and intellectually,
to take a noble part in the great struggle of life, then the profes-
sors consider themselves sufficiently remunerated for their hours of
patient toil.

* *

That tl'e course of studies at Ottawa University has been, and
still is, a sound, solid one, few deny. In this respect it has not
been surpassed by any similar institution in the country. Students
tha' come here from other colleges, whether of Canada or of the
States, freely acknowledge the supremacy of Ottawa University in
this respect. The Rev. Fathers in charge are bent en making the
future surpass the years gone by, as far as a high standard of
studies is concerned, in order to meet the exigencies of this age,
when science is a very great consideration amongst truly edu-
cated men, the faculty of Ottawa University has decided to erect
immediately a large structure to be called the " Scientific Build-
ing." This edifice, which will be fitted out with all modern con-
veniences, is intended at least to equal anything of its kind in the
Dominion. The first floor will be devoted to a valuable Museum
of Natural History, which has been lately acquired by the Univer-
sity. This museum contains what is perhaps one of the most note-
worthy collections of zoological, ornithologicnl, and ethnological
specimens to be found in Canada. The second floor will be al-
lotted to the requirements of a physical laboratory, and the third
floor will be exclusively set aside for chemical studies. Great sacri-
fices have been made in order to undertake this audition to the

lembers
X\y, toil
ors are,
ion. The
le young
1 well, if
ectually,
: profes-
hours of

been, and
it has not
Students
or of the
iversity in
aking the
andard of
f this age,
truly edu-
;d to erect
fie Build-
)dern con-
ind in the
Museum
le Univer-
most note-
hnological
will be al-
.1 the third
;reat sacri-
tion to the

University ok Ottawa— Science Hall.

■ f':''^SRi"a*^K'«OT«a

■M

University buildings; still, if the work be greeted with the staunch
approval of the Ontario Catholics, and we are confident of such an
encouragement, then the faculty will consider themselves well re-
paid.

While, even from a material point of view, Ottawa Univer-
sity is on the way to success, it is also progressing as to the num-
ber and quality of its students. During the present year there are
nearly five hundred boys and young men following its various
courses.

But enough of this figuring and calculating and specu-
lating ; let us take a look at Ottawa University from another
standpoint. Of what avail would be a strong course of studies, of
what account would be material prosperity, of what
use would be a large number of students, were a proper moral and
religious training neglected? Certainly instruction carried on under
such circumstances could not be honored with the sacred name of
education. All true Catholics are well aware that the skillful form-
ing of a young heart is the grandest duty of true education ; a
whole life's happiness, a whole eternity's felicity is, as we have al-
ready signified, held wavering in its balance. ' Schools," says
Edward Everett Hale, "are not for the mere purpose of instruc-
tion, they are for education, and there is no real education that is
not moral education." Those in charge of Ottawa University have
always considered, and will always consider, a proper moral train-
ing as ot paramount importance; in their idea it is a work to which
every other must yield. This fact is evidenced by a grand spirit
of piety and a religious fidelity to man's noblest duties as found in
their institution ; a piety and fidelity that can be surpassed no-
where, and is in few places equalled. The heart of a good man
would be filled with joy to see so earnest a gathering of young
men, all vieing with one another in approaching so often and so

fervently the Hfe-yiving" sacraments of God's church. Yes ! there
:; real piety, there is true fidelity amongst the students of Ottawa
University; there is an unmistakable manifestation of the grand
old faith ; there is a heroism which should call a blush of shame to
the cheek of the father or of the son ivho would, for a motnent
think of patronising a non-Catholic University. No parent need be
afraid of entrusting his or her son to the charge of Ottawa Uni-
versity. No boy can pass through that institution without being
beckoned onward to noble aspirations and to noble deeds by the
example of those around him. No boy can live for a length of time
within its walls without being, in some degret sanctified by a con-
tinual contact with t^.e holiest associations.

* *

In addition to the advantages already mentioned, Ottawa Uni-
versity is particularly favoied by its location in the Capital city of
the Dominion. If Ottawa is the centre of Canada's political life,
why should it not likewise be the centre of her educational efforts?
Why should it not be especially an educational centre for the Prov-
ince of Ontario ? This suggestion was very happily made by the
Sovereign Pontiff himself in the Apostolic Brief quoted above. Ow-
ing to the advantage of residence in the Capital, both students
and professors of the University have access to the immense
library and reading rooms of the House of Commons, so that no
question need be passed over in the class-room without their con-
sulting the best authorities that have given it consideration. Pro-
fessors and students may likewise enjoy the privilege of attendance
at parliamentary debates, especially when some question of import-
ance is under discussion.

* «

In view of the considerations set forward in this pamphlet,
we call upon the Catholic people of Ontario to make a united

.:M

es ! there
f Ottawa
he grand
f shame to
z moment
it need be
:awa Uni-
3ut being
:ds by the
th of time
by a con-

tawa Uni-
al city of
tical life,
al efforts?
the Prov-
ide by the
30ve. Ow-
1 students
I immense
3 that no
their con-
ion. Pro-
ittendance
of import-

effort for the prosperity of Ottawa Universliy. It is, as we have
shown, the Pope's desire that this instiiution should be the centre
of Catholic Education in our province. Let us be all of the same
mind about the matter, and, in the end, we shall be the gainers.
Union is always strength, and union blessed by Apostolic approval
IS doubly strong.

pamphlet,
a united

i Ml

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■I ii
1!

I;
i

■it

! ir

-f ♦ >

(The Sacred Heart Review, Boston, Mass., Dec 19, 1896.)

In the Capital of the Canadian Dominion there stands a Catholic
university which, because of the excellence of its course of studies,
has for many years past attracted a larg-e number of Catholic
youth to its classic halls. This institution is the University of Ot-
tawa, which is the outgrowth of the college that Rt. Rev. Joseph
Eugene Guigues, who was consecrated the first bishop of Bytown,
Ont., in July 1848, founded at his episcopal city in the first
month of his administration. This, college, which counted
among its first students the present archbishop ot Ottawa,
the bishop of Alexandria and several other men now prominent
in Dominion circles, was incorporated in May, 1849, and
from 1852 to 1868 it received a small money grant from the
Government conditionally on reporting to each parliamentary
session its condition. In 1853 it was moved to the building which
is now cccupied by the Separate Schools in Ottawa — Bytown be-
came Ottawa in 1854— and two years later the need of more room
caused the erection of the first of the present handsome group of
the university's buildings. It was not till 186 1 that the name was
changed to the College of Ottawa, and five years later it was by
parliamentary act erected into a university. Finally, by an apos-
tolic brief dated February 5, 1889, Leo XIII. erected the Ottawa
in^jtitution to the rank ot a Catholic university. In the meantime
the buildings of the university had been enlarged and increased in
number, until to-day they form a notable group of imposing edifices.

supplied with the latest and l-^jst equipments, and occupying an
entire block in the capital city of the Dominion.

* *

a Catholic
jf studies,

Catholic
iity of Ot-
;v. Joseph
f By town,

the first

I counted

Ottawa,

prominent

1849, and

from the
liamentary
ding which
Jytown be-
more room
le group of
i name was
r it was by
y an apos-
the Ottawa
; meantime
ncreased in
ng edifices.

As now constituted the University of Ottawa has powers to
confer degrees in theology, philosophy, law, medicine, arts, music,
science and civil engineering, and these studies constitute its sev-
eral departments, which embrace six different courses. The theo-
logical course covers four years, during which the Ottawa divinity
student is taught all the branches of ccclestiastical science, moral
and dogmatic theology, sacred Scripture, canon law, ecclesiastical
history and sacred eloquence ; and may at the end of his second
year compete for the degree of bachelor of divinity, go up for his
licentidte the following year and stand for his doctor's degree at
the completion of his course. The course of philosophy is of two
years' duration, in the first of which intellectual philosophy, politi-
cal economy, mechanics, phyics, and mathematics engage the stu-
dent's attention, while in his second year he continues several of
his previous studies, in higher grades, and becomes acquainted
with the history of ancient and modern, scholastic and contempor-
aneous philosophy, besides listening, in both years, to frequent
lectures on philosophical and literary subjects. For degrees special
examinations must be passed, and a percentage of at least eighty
per cent is required to win the competitor a degree. Law
students, at the completion of their course, may compete for the
degree of bachelor of laws. The degree of LL. D. is
conferred honoris causa only, and it must be authorized by a reso-
lution of the university senate passed at a regular meeting of that
body by a majority vote of all its members. The scientific course
is completed in three years, and includes the study of practical
chemistry, quantitative and qualitative ^analysis, mineralogy and
physics. There is a civil engineering course of two years* length,

r«s^*

iii;'l

embracing the study of mathematics, practical surveying, drawing,
physics, chemistry and mineralogy; and a commercial course in
which bookkeeping is studied for two years ; and during the last
year the students attend a business class, in which they acquire a
practical knowledge of banking, and all other commercial require-
ments.

The Arts course at Ottawa, as in other institutions of higher
learning, covers four years, and there is a preparatory course of
three years, during which youngsters are fitted for matriculation
in the course of arts. In this course the freshman, to use the
term applied hereto a first-year University student, studies, in Greek,
the grammar and the principles of prose composition, with Arnold
for his text-book ; and reads portions of Demosthenes, Homer,
Euripides and St. Gregory, being also exercised in translations
from English into Greek. In Latin he studies prose and poetic
composition, translates from Livy, Cicero, Virgil, Horace and the
Fathers of the Church and renders English into Latin. He also
listens to lectures on the history of Latin literature. His English
studies embrace the principles and practice of essays, the history
of English literature from the Saxon period down to 1473, rhetoric,
versification and poetry, with critical examinations of some of the
works of Shakespeare, Pope, Macaulay, and Newman, and elocu-
tionary exercises. In French, he reads from Hardouin, Joinville,
Froissart, Montaigne, Bossuet, Corneille, Racine, LaBruy^re
and other classical authors, recites and explains selections from
the best prose and poetic writers of the sixteenth and subse-
quent centuries, writes French composition ;, with literary analysis,
and listens to conferences on the history of French literature down
to the death of Henry IV. His historical studies comprise modern
and contemporaneous history, together with the history of the Un-
ited States, and he also gives attention to physical geography, al-

k J

drawing,

ourse in

the last

acquire a

1 require-

)f higher
course of
liculatton

use the
in Greek,
th Arnold
, Homer,
inslations
nd poetic
3 and the

He also
3 English
le history
, rhetoric,
tie of the
.nd elocu-

Joinville,
^aBruy^re
ions from
nd subse-

1 analysis,
ture down
e modern
3f the Un-
raphy, al-

¥ gebra as far as the theory of equations, solid geometry, plane trig-
f onometry, mineralogy and analytical chemistry.

In his sophomore year the Ottawa collegian adds to his pre-
vious Greek authors Sophocles, Aristophanes and St. Basil, con-
tinuing meanwhile his readings from Demosthenes and his exer-
cises in Greek composition. He also listens to lectures on the his-
tory of Greek literature. In Latin his authors are Cicero, Pliny,
'1 Horace, Juvenal, Lucian and the Fathers. In English his study
I; of English literature takes him down to his own day, and he ana-
I lyzes famous orations, writes original discourses and continues his
I' critical studies of the masterpieces of English prose and poetic
'\ writers. His studies of French literature lead him forward from
the time of Louis XII L, and he pushes in advance in his transla-
tions from French authors, as well as in his practice of speaking
and writing French. His historical course consists of forty-five
lectures on the philosophy of history, and he also devotes consid-
erable time to higher geographical, mathematical and natural his-
torical studies. In his junior year he begins the study of intellec-
tual philosophy, taking up logic, dialectics and criticism, ontology-
cosmology and psychology, and reading some of the philosophical
works of Cicero, Plato and Timaeus. He also studies political
economy, listens to lectures wherein are reviewed the religious,
philosophical and literary characteristics of English, French, Ger-
man and American contemporary writers, and takes up the study
of mechanics and physics, while advancing in mathematics to the
intricacies of integral and differential calculus. In his senior year his
f philosophical studies embrace natural theology, ethics and natural
rights, with Cicero and Aristotle, and he listens to lectures on the
, history of various philosophical systems. In English he makes a
^ comparative examination of the great epics, hears the principles of
ethics explained, in physics he gives his time to the study of optics,

magnetism and electricity, and in mathematics descriptive and
physical astronomy monopolize his attention. This university also
offers three courses in music, to wit, vocal music, plain chant and
harmony ; and there is, moreover, an admirahle scientific course
coveiing- three years for students who wish to follow it.

* *

That this splendid Canadian Catholic university and the noble
opportunities which it offers are appreciated by Camolic parents
and students is made plain from an examination of the catalogue
of students who attended its several courses during the last schol-
istic year. Its theological school, in that year, had eighty-two
students, a good number of these being scholastics of the Oblate
Order, which justly celebrated society has had charge oi the university
from its outset ; and upwards of four hundred and fifty students in
its other department. These students come from a great number
of different localities, the Canadian Dominion naturally furnishing
the most of them. Others hail from the eastern States, Massa-
chusetts furnishing a notable quota, and New York, Pennsylvania,
the Canadian Northwest, the District of Columbia, Prince Edward
Island, Mexico, France and Germany being also represented.
The chancellor of the university is Archbishop Duhamel of Ottawa;
its administrative council consists of Very Rev. H. A. Constantineau
O. M. i., D. D., the rector ot the university, and five other pro-
minent priests of the same order, and in its several faculties, all of
which are strong in numbers, are found the names of men who
have won high eminence and distinction in their various profes-
sions. The discipline and regulations of this university are prac-
tically identical with those which obtain at all Catholic institutions
of higher learning, and its excellent character cannot, perhaps, be
better expressed '.. .in in the words which Leo XIII. employed ten
years ago, when that illustrious Pontiff declared that he willingly

iptive and
^ersity also
chant and
ific course

d the noble
lie parents
catalogue
last schol-
eig"hty-two
the Oblate
euniversity
students in
at number
furnishing
tes, Massa-
nnsylvania,
ce Edward
epresented.
of Ottawa;
nstantineau
other pro-
.ilties, all of
3f men who
ous profes-
1 are prac-
institutions
perhaps, be
ployed ten
le willingly

granted its faculty's petition for its erection to the dignity and
rights of a Catholic university because "we know what advanta-
ges for the pursuit of the mojt advanced studies this great college
has established in that most distinguished city of Ottawa, which,
besides being the seat of civil government, has been elevated to the
honor ot an archiepiscopal see, and which by its central position
amidst the cities of Canada, possesses easy communication with
every part of the country, and which, moreover, receives addition-
al splendor from the presence of those distinguished men who pre-
side over the supreme councils of the land and conduct the admin-
istration of public affairs. We also know with what zeal our be-
loved sons, the members of the congregation of the Oblates of Mary

Immaculate, have devoted themselves, since the year 1848, to the
proper education of the young, having willingly bestowed upon
this noble work aiKi its advancement their possessions as well as
their zealous care, and how much the superiors of that same con-
gregation nave always taken it to heart to preserve and nurture, in
a becoming manner, among their subjects, a devotedness towards
the Holy See and the rulers of the Churcli, and to promote to the
professorships of Ottawa College the prominent disciples of their
congregation,- -of whom several have been honored with the
doctorate at the Gregorian College of the Society of Jesus in
this august city, — and at the same time to watch that philo-
sophy and theology should be taught in accordance with the
doctrines of St. Thomas Aquin?.s. These things being so, we can
understand how many illustrious scholars, formed by the learned
professors of the College of Ottawa, have gained for their teach-
ers wide esteem and honor." Finally, it may be mentioned that
from this Canadian university emanates the University Review,
which replaces the "Owl," a monthly publication that began in
1S88, and is now admittedly one of the best of all our Catholic
college monthlies.

N. B. — For any further information regarding the University,
application may be made to the Secretary, Rev. Wm. J. Murphy,
O. M. I., M. A.