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1 2 3

4 5 6

. TJ

JAMIiM.

1 6 AVR1982

DAY-DREAMS

BT A

.TJTTERFLt.

}^-

• ♦•

m NINE PARTS.

♦>»

I'll wing me through ereation like « bee,
And taste the gleaming spheres.

— A. SmTB.

Shall be,

• • •

Who loved, who snibred ooontless ills,
Who battled for the true, the just.
Be blown about the desert dust.

Or sealed within the iron hUUr

—A. TmniTsoN.

»«»

KINGSTON, C. W.

JAMII M. CUMMIOKf BOOK AMU JOB raiB1IB|. BBQCK 8TBXKT.

1854

n')

PBSFACE.

..i

,.-js.?*Mt..^»— ^-..-i.-i-.".*';;^^.^**^.-.---

ERRATA.
P^ge 22.— For ^'Swan Ganoids," read— Swam Ganoids.

26.— For "Needs," read— Need.

47.— For ** Expends each white sail," read— expand^ Im.

68. — ^For " azure-dowed," read— aznre-domed.

84.— For ' Germ enshined," read— germ •|lBhrined^
112.— For " sun All-raging " read— aun AU^raying.
121.— For "jems," read— gems.
140.— For "tracts" read— tracks.
146.— Bead "pulley and cord."

A D d"eN D a .

How much the author is indebted to Mr. George Oombe he iMTlf
to the intelligent reader of his influential writings to imagine.

Sir C. Lyell aays, that, in Wales, "coprolites referred to fish**
have been found " lower " than the Wenloch limestones of the Up«
^ Silurian. How much lower he does not, I think, stats.

the author — ^might oonvey a false impression or
even appear contradictory : and though there are
points on which the writer entertiuns strong opinions,
yet he preferi that his efforts generally should be
regarded as a series of questioni put to Nature

rj^

^■- .

■HC'

PBEFAOE.

--*»»* .-1.^

In the following pages the attention is confined
ezdasively to Natube. Her volome is opened
and she is interrogated respecting some of the
leading phenomena of existence.

The inquiry may be conceived to have been
conducted amid the fluctuations of opinion during
the varied stages of mental growth from youth to
manhood, and likewise to represent the different
phases of thought of more than one individual or
sect of thinkers; otherwise some passages — ^thoa:<h
not intended to represent the settled judgment of
the author— might convey a false impression or
even appear contradictory : and though there are
points on which the writer entertains strong opinions,
yet he prefers that his efforts generally should be
regarded as a series of questions put to Nature

herself, and that a spirit of self-inquiry and inde*
pendence should be exercised by all in the forma>
tion of their opinions, selecting for themselves
what they believe to be most accordant vdth truth.

To some minds few subjects present more
interest than Geology. The different formations
are the different chapters of the book of Nature ;
the strata are the leaves, in which is written
authentically the wonderful history of the past.
On this subject, which forms a large portion of
the "first part" of my little volume, 1 have been
much indebted to one author in particular.

It may not be unprofitable to ask — ^What rela-
tion do I bear to the Universe? How came [
here i Whither go I ? Had my existence a motive?
If so, what was it ? This earth, what is it ? These
heavens, what are they ? Myself, what am I ? How
constituted, how circumstanced, how actuated?
By this it may be seen what response, if any, reason
interpreting nature really does give to each.
Can we "hj setrebing find oat God? "

Commenoed as a plajiol reply to a clever and
amaeing little (deee written by a lady friend, on a
subject wholly different, it became, as it proceeded,
more serious. It was tfans that the <' butterfly "
was introduced, flitting alike through the flowers
of the field, the systems of the stars, or the empires
of mind; and, wisely or foolishly, uttering what
she chose. The first part was subsequently lopped
off, but the *' butterfly " retained.

To free, speculative minds, deeply imbued with
a sense of the wonderful and beautiful in nature, it
may afford some pleasure to look into the mysteri-
ous abyss of being, to speculate on Ihe future, to
hang dreamily over the past Oh, it is wonderful,
very wonderful indeed. In the light of nature,
being is a mystery inexpressibly grand !

Kingston, Juns, 1854.

r . Tin(T)i ., - .. r » vti .. m» i ■

DAY-DREAMS.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PART I.

A BuTTiBFLT, in the veiy joyousneBs of ezisteno^ dreMou of
prospectiye pleasures amongst the fields and flowers of natnxe.
(Page 7—11.) The clear blue Heavens of the silent night awaken
thoughts more serious. (11.) Mind and external nature are inter-
rogated respecting God. What is he ? What the mode of his be-
ing? (12 — 18.) Geology or the wonderful volume of mTsteiioua
pre-historic nature is opened, and some of her strangest fiusts on-
veiled. (18—28.) Did things observe a progress f Do new origins
require new direct interference ? Or are things naturally consequenti
and the laws of being infidlible in their execution f (26-^80) 0«r
solar system, how? (81.)

PART II.

The great dumb past. (88, 84.) Man viewed as an oiganind
being, in his individual, domestic, sodal relations. (84» 86, Ad.)
Self-love, affection, kindness, reverence, hope, imagination, intel-
lect, conscience. Their harmonious and inharmonious interaction.
(85—47.) The merely plausible, evanescent: the true, permaneni
(48.) .

PART III.

Our organization wonderAil in its details and adaptations to
particular ends, (49 — 62, and Appendix, 146, 147) : but fiuling as
B whole to achieve any grand result. (62, 68.) Has this (read by
the light of hope and goodness) any prospective pointi/ng$f or is
all to end in apparent failure? (147, 148 A 64.)

PART IV.

Why God may throw a veil of obscurity over thefiituTe (60—66)
liove of the true and good, the pabulum of genuine nobility of lOiiL
(66—60.) Thoughts on worship. (6&--«4.)

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PART

How d«ik and tauM mugiTings Arise unbidden in the eonL
(66-46:) Oold materielinn. Is the present the first and last act of
the drama of ejdsteQce. (66— -70.) Can it, tiinstit,ber (70—71.)
What we may know : what we know not. (71—72.) What is onr
goal t Has nature no fixed guiding star ! (72—78.)

part"

We know that mind is: is it equally certain that matter* is
(74^ 76.) Yet shall t^e conclude mind perishable, matter eternal f
(76.) What, if matter be merely a product of mind during the
doininion of the senses (76) — if from the central Sun of £^>irit the
miTerae is spun, a web of immaterial beings— the &r-reaching lines
of diTine magnetism extending to the remotest outskirts of exis-
tenoe, embracing and controlling alike the atom and the mass —
iwoe oommunicating itself to the central ruling orbs of the star-fir-
maments and to all particles of their rolumes— the heart-foroe,
through each ganglion, to the minutest portion of each nerre.
(77-88.)

P A b"t" V 1 1 .

Brents, in the external and internal worlds, the resnlta of ade-
qrnte causes. (88—91.)

PART~VIII.

Idealism. (92, 98.) Argument flrom dreams, hallneinations,
Illusions, Ac, biology, the phenomena of reflection (98—108), the
Qolonr and shape of the media of vision. (120.) How mind creates
bet wonders— the asure heaven with her diadem of stars painted on
' the sense-retina. (104, Ao.) Lift ofMdiyersiiying herself into Urea
ma^y of myriad fi>rms of beaaty. (110—120.) Knowledge wiMBeaf
(m.) Death Awes the soul from the lordship of the senses. '

part" IX.

No Space. (126—126.) No Time. Past, Piesent» Fntiiie,eiea-
twea of the senses. (126.) How oonoeiTed. (120^182.) Oonolu-
■ton of Idealism. (182—184)

■ " ■ , .. . 1 1

* Idaaliam, ae a aystem of phUoaophy, in its hmifmA' oi' Itt-
vortdl^ and generally, poetiiedr ^

IM lOIlL

atMtoT

;7a-n.)

A is our

atter* is
etenialt
iring the

ling lines
sof ezis-
liemsMir—
lieBtar>flr-
Bsri-foroe,
ich nerre.

Its of ade-

lolnstioiis,
-108), tae
ndcreetes
peintedon
fintoIlTM

.) Ooneln-

DAY-DREAMS.

PART I

fm^^^0^0*^t^ M ^

" Let Qi (since life can little more supply,
Than just to look about us and to die)
Expatiate free o'er «U this Kene of man."

A Butterfly bright, •
From grey morn till night,

On pinions of Fancy I'll fly,
With wings, oh how soft,
I'll be borne aloft.

Beneath the blue-canopied sky.

DAY-DBBAUS.

And in sunny dell,
m kiss the gay bell

Of foxglove and cowslip of gold ;
The honey TU sip y

From each fragrant lip,

Whose beauty soft sunbeams unfold.

And when I would drink,
I'll light by the brink

Of the crystal and sunlit spring ;
Or the pearl 111 seek
On the moss-rose cheek,

And rival its hues with my wing.

Gay creature of air.

Without fear or care, •* '

I'll roam through wide nature's domains;
The blue sky above.
My heart full of love,

m list to the lark's glowing strains.

For song— gift of Heaven—
To us has been given

To gladden the sou)^ to express
The holy demand
Of nature, God-planned,

That blessed ourselves, we too bless.

And, in noontide heat,
I'll bathe my soft feet

In the spray of the bubbling stream :
I'll spread my gay wings
O'er all beautiful things,

And only of happiness dream.

.'•- jt. ,

-I, Ul
•)'» «1 ft

And in grassy glade, . ./^
I'll seek the soft shade

Of the myrtle and woodbine twined,
And where violets sweet
With the primrose meet.

And mingle their odors combined.

DAT-DBIAX8.

And when evening grey
Shuts the' eye of the day,

I'll hie to the jessamine bower,
And seek sweet repose
On the moss-clad rose, / .^ .^ ^i. -^

And enjoy the cool twilight hour.

N ■

Or the lamp of night, - ^^ \

With its dreamy light,

I'll watch from my pillow of leaves,
And the firefly's play

By the pale moon's ray, [heaves.

' Till my breast with new transport

And when morning bright, . *
In mantle of light.

Hath lifted night's curtain of cloud,
I'll hasten away • ' < v ;^ u '^

To sport in the spray * ' •

Of the cataract roaring loud. ' A

■ r*4

■ ••I

DAY-DBEAMS.

♦■-V'-'**^'

.•^^"

Or Silence and Night, f ?>
Their empire unite,

And hold uncontested domain,
I'll count the bright stars, -
Fair Venus and Mars,

The Pleiads, Orion, the Wain.

And when every breath • ' "•

In silence like death

Is hushed, and the darkness still gains,
ril think of the hands v "^

Which marshalled their bands

O'er Heaven's unlimited plains.

For the clear, deep blue ^

With its crystal dew, ^^

—Pearls dropt from the eyelids of night—
And silence which seems . r

Like eloquent dreams, , v

To thoughts deep and solemn invite.

DAlr»DBBAMS.

'7w HAT art thon, Lord,
By whose forming word

The vast panorama arose,
Whose pillars sustain
The great starry frame,

And whose arms all natnre enclose.

^- ,':^tsr^'^-l ^

ir-- *

What art thou ? Pure Mind ? [ ^^■^^' '
Thy footprints to find " '

We seem, through life's varied domain,
In heart, brain, and eye
Of bird, fish, or fly.

Or man, the last link of her chain.

But these are not thou?
Great God, when and how

Shall thy creatures thee leaxn to know ;
Thy thoughts and thy mind.
Not earth, ocean, wind.

The garments* of Godhead below,

*App«D(Uz A

f . .,

DAT-DBBAMS.

''f

In this world terrene,
A mere speck, nnseen

From a star in the milky way :
A hem of thy robe
Is this nether globe.

The abode of the sons of clay.

y^ In the starlit sky.
Thou art surely nigh,

'Mid the glittering hosts of Heaven
In yon blue expanse,
- Where bright Seraphs dance.

The privilege high must be given,

Iknow ;

Iw,

To behold thy face.
In that glorious place.

Where the Cherubim veil their eyes
From tha dazzling light
Of the star-lamps bright,

Which light up their paths thro' the skies.

DrJkiT-]>BXAX&«

Or are stars the gems
Of the diadems

Of bright brilliaats, that Angels wear.
When, through systems above,
Thy behests of love

From Empire to Empire they bear ?

■%■

Or are they the seams, ; r#v^^^ -
Through which glory gleams

From the spirit-trod floor of Heaven?
Or some eyelets bright.
In thy robe of night,

In mercy to mortals given ?

^^C

Or live we in thee

And move? Life's great sea, ^^

A wave of thy being, roll on?
Do the stars sweep through
The unbounded blue,

The sointik of thought from its throne ?

■w.

DAT^I>BrJBAHB.

jar.

In tlie flower and snow
Dost thon bud and glow?

Dost throb in our innermost heart?
Alike in the tree
As the galaxy,

Of thy being each atom a part?

,ven?

Are the storm and flood v a f > -^^ v
The palace of God, •

And rides He on the hurricane's wings,
In the thunder's roar.
In the earthquake's power, v% ^ M M

On all fearful and awful things ?

■'■ft

Irone?

Or in sunshine or calm x-m ^-w ^.v
Dwells the great "I am,"

In the breathings of infant love,
In the purling stream.
In the Poet's dream,
1- On this earth, as in Heia;i7en above ?

1«

.BAY^DBBI^KS.

Is his throne, then, here?

It is every where : - Cf

His palace is the boundless space :
He lives in the wind,
In the lofty mind, / tx! wk

Here, in Heaven, in every place.

In the Earth's gyrations, A

In the heart's pulsations, * ; .^ i '^ * » ^t!

In hopes which crimson on the cheek,
In the throbbing brain, r . ' i : ^ ^ ^
In the wind-lashed main, ; i

In sunny vale and cloud-capped peak.

In the rainbow's hues, ^.v -t^ v ^

In the pearly dews, ' j ^}

In the tears of the weeping sky, '
In empires and states, .t
In senates' debates, v

In all things— far, near, deep, low, high.

DAT-DBBAKB.

. t'

..i^ A

From Jupiter's rings
To those hidden springs,

Which govern all matter, hearty mind;
From the star-thronged deep
To the things that creep

Through stone-pores, his spirit we find.

■'\

leak.

Or is there a throne, •

The great spirit's own.

In a palace of pearly light, '^
Where, through fretted aisles,
A radiance soft smiles, ^ >^. i «

And glory and beauty unite?

high.

And dwells he alone v - -

On that sapphire throne.

In halls tenantless, noiseless, vast,
Where no echo wakes.
And no footfall breaks, ' - ^

A silence doomed ever to last ?

BiLT-DBEAMd.

Or do beings bright "'

As the stars at night,

Of kingly tread and lofty mien,
Robed in woof of gold,
Their high converse hold, *• T

With minds profound and souls serene.

And beneath the throne :; y '

Of the Eternal one, i #r ■ t^r mil

Reason they of goodness and right ;
And then pours along . .^, : j ,..1:3 a Vt
The full thrilling song, /

Like a flood of all-glorious light?

And motives and laws, q :» > . *

The end, means, and cause : , j%<?

Of matter, mind, duty or will,i r>
Are the golden themes, ari v > ■ mi W
Which gild their day-dreams, ^ -^ « [fill?

And their souls with rich knowledge

DAT-DBBAXB.

rene.

Or liie they afar
To some distant star,

On the untrod ontskirts of space,
Its people to learn,
Its genius discern,

And annals and origin trace ? -

-"T

ht;

The bent of the mind, ♦ -'^f ^ > <>^". ^
For what end designed,

What course they have hitherto trod,
What link they attain
In the golden chain, • - - .
^ Which ascends to the throne of God ?

What its rank and age, ■^■'^^^^■^•<.^',UOiu-mM-
In the' historic page ^

Of great Nature's volume of truth,
Who her annals writes ^ " ■
With coprolites, ^ ■ -#^^ iW ' . [tooth.

The mammoth's bones, and saurian'&

DAT-DRBAM8.

And on rocks and cliffs, i /

In hieroglyphs, y^r ,^f & j.*h al^'

The dark sphynx-enigma engraves;
On the dust we tread, . C

On the giant dead, • ■(

Submerged by old time's rushing waves.

She tells too of throes
Of nature; of foes

To piscine and animal life:
The' Ichthyosaur's sight*
Her record of light ;

And its food, of death, pain, and strife.

Each tooth, foot-print, bone.
Now bedded in stone,

Marks eras: the fragments of lime,
Red sandstone or shale.
In mountain or vale,
c Tell the story of ancient time, v

*lpp«ndlx B.

fv-if ;^

DAT-DRBAMS.

Of monsters of old,
That in slimebeds rolled.

Or trailed their huge length on the bank
Of silvery lake, .^f .- v , .,

Or slept in green brake

Of giant fern, 'mid herbage rank.

How the' Ichthyosaur i * I

And Plesiosaur

— ^Fearful creatures of giant make —
The' Iguanodon ^ >

Huge, and Mastodon [lake.

Roamed lord-like o'er field, swamp and

How strange,* monstrous things,

With leathery wings, [claws,

Great eyes, serpent's teeth and long
In the twilight grey.
Seized their hapless prey, [ed jaws.

And craunched them with reptile-shap-

•AppiBdU 0.

1t2

BAY- DREADS.

We, things of to-day,

Were unknown, when they^ * J^ if ?'^

— Co-evals of mountains, lakes, eeas,-
Were warmed *neath a sky,
Where mozambiques fly, i *

And fanned by a tropical breeze.

Oh ages bygone.
Since a glorious sun,

With a flood of new heaven-born light,
Poured his golden rays
On those coral bays,

Early homes of the Ammonite !

When, in burnished gold.
Swan Ganoids of old.

And Sauroids of terrible name ;
When the' Ammonite sailed, ^

And Trilobite failed,* •

Where was man^ his work or his fame ?

^Appndbi D.

DAT-DBBAMS.

Bas,-

;

Ere through sea-depths, rife i=' fy >r
With animal life,

^ The Zoophyte piled up the lime.
And the coral isle r ^

First began to smile,

On the childhood of new-bom Time :

n light,

For, is it not true,

That yon limestone blue, • [tread,

The chalk fields flint- veined, which we
On the mountains steep, - ■ - >

In the valleys deep, ^ •

Are the skeletons of the dead.

lis

When the fucoid first,
And Zoophyte, burst

The pale death-prison of the deep :
When brute matter broke
Into life, and woke , .

. From a night of eternal sleep.

* i

DAT-DBBAHa.

t 'M I'l-. '

Or when creatures-Hiiew '^■
To the then world — flew,

The first time, o'er mountain, lake, field.
When Mammifers trod
On Earth's verdant sod, [yield.

Whilst the' old to new forms of life

Did God interfere
In this nether sphere.

And by direct fiat create.
From the' unconscious dust,
— ^Mere metallic rust —

The life of the first radiate ?

Or, in Nature's laws.
Find we ample cause

For phenomena new and strange ?
Did He all forsee
From eternity,

And cause folding sequence arrange ?

DAY-DREAMS.

25:

, field,

[yield,
of life

The butterfly bright, ' . i. i^^I 1 1^-^ '^

So sylph-like and light, iy' i ^..^

Was a chrysalis last month's moon ;
Was *a worm last spring, . - . > » <i

Without horn or wing ; ,^ [noon.

An egg, ere this, hatched by warm

The change seems as great —

From each former state.

Though resulting from natural laws,
As any we know
In the depths below.

Which assumes intervening cause.

A cycle of earth

Suffices for birth

Of Butterfly, child of a day :

What changes appear

In an astral year.

Time's chronicle only can say.
.

'/k

f i

PAT-2)£SAttS,

The planets roll on i-^--

Round the' encircled sun, ^

By centrifiigal force impelled, ^>
Nor wander through space, ^ ■• -
In their ceaseless race, ^

r To their orbits by gravity held.

\5i'«

J <

The law once impressed
On matter, the rest

Thence follows by natural course :
Earth's changes to suit.
The life-parent root

Expands with new germinal force.

The will of the' All-wise*
Is writ on the skies ;

His language is Nature's fixed laws,
Which, through time and space,
Comprising each case,

Needs no intercalary clause.

* Appendix E.

P:AT-^J>ltS4.1ia.

But we deem there's much, < ^ ^

In such cases, which ^ ' : -

; No general law can ezplaiik
Because they are few, r ; ^

Strange, startling and new,

To us they seem brea»ks in life's chain.

Time's clock seconds notes, - .1
The minutes too quotes,

But how can it strike the long hours ?
To like like succeeds, -

But time new forms needs, , " j i

To gender such life has she powers?

f.i y

:■•.>

A wondrous machine* . '

Constructed has been, . $ ,,

To calculate problems severe ;
By units it counts, ' • . ^ \

To millions it mounts, r «-/

Till each future movement seems clear:

* Appendix F.

I^AY'DiLErAUd.

When no more it creeps

By units, but leaps -- --' f'^^i-> -- -'- -^

Over hundreds with nervous bound ;
Then returns with force
To its wonted course, "^

But again deserts its old ground.

Such inconstancy .

Oft repeated, we ■ - --'

Suspect intervention or flaw :
Yet 'tis the result, . .

Albeit occult.

Of higher conception and law.

It may be that He —

Who by gravity ^

Props the star-studded dome of Heaven,
Pumps the crystal dew
Into hare-bells blue —

To nature the license had given,

DAY-I)BBAlt8»

.;.M';i-

ound;

id.

Not only to plod '- <- ' ■
On her path oft trod,

But to traverse new kingdoms untold ;
Her Dodos to kill, * .

And their places fill >

' With creatures of different mould !

It may be that He
From eternity

Stamped on matter the parent type,
Whence all life expands.
As progress demands

The soft germ, rich blossom, fruit ripe.

Heaven,

At time's natal hour.

When earthquake's fierce power

Tore piecemeal the newly-formed earth.
On land or in sea.
To fish, beast or tree,

Nature had not as yet given birth.

DAY-DBE^AMS.

For the nurseling, Life,

'Mid the deadly strife ^ ^

f ' Of fierce, elemental ire,
Could find no safe Ark, t ■
In which to embark, ^^

On an ocean of liquid fire.

■■;=?

..A

k '^ iii-'./'. '^■

But when the cooled globe,
Wrapped in warm sea-robe,

Thin crystalline structure assumed,
Simple life-forms new ' ■
Through ocean beds grew,
, And lily-shaped Encrinites bloomed.

But progress inspires r>^ ■

New wants, and requires ^ '

Complex beings of nobler grade ;
Then fish, beast, bird, man
Appear on life's plan,* / i •

In the councils of Deity laid.

* Appendix O.

:. 'I

,Vi j'.f '*'>*■'•-•

DAY-DBEAirS.

What too, if the Earth
A natural birth ^

Had, in the dark womb of the past :
The moon from earth sprung :
The earth, fi-om the sun ;

The sun, from a nebula vast,

•i \J

: r

med,

)med.

Whose currents, set in ^ " '
From opposites, spin

The mass into embryo stars,
Whose sun-bulks embrace
The whole orbit-space ^ [Mars.

Of some Jove, now of scanter-pathed

And thus, on the page
Of Time, hint the age

Successive,* at which they withdrew,
Henceforward alone,
In orbits their own,

To roam through the infinite blue.

* Appendix a.

ill

DAT-DBEAH8.

As time's backward course > ''

We trace, toward its source,

We more or less dimly descry,
By lightstreaks, that flit
O'er mountains sunlit,

The shores and the pole star on high.

When further we sail.
Our lights seem to fail.

And we drift on a shoreless sea.
Where, through the domains
Of night, silence reigns,
■^ Through a boundless eternity.

lia

PAT-DREAMS.

n high.

PABT II.

'■ , ,!

U if I.

'\ ■ ■'■ -'■■!' -t'''"'

A being darkly wiao.

— Popi.

Down in the dim, deep
Eternity, sleep

^ Speechless ages, whose silence speaks
Thoughts pregnant of things
To the soul, and rings

Deep as thunder on Alpine peaks.

man, hast thou heard , . ,

Oft, music or word

Softer, sweeter than that which fiUa ^

-r-

DAT-DREAMB.

The soul, like the deep,
Rich echoes, that sweep

O'er eternity's voiceless hills?

Doth thy breast not glow.
With yearning to know

The state, shape, cause, motive of things:
Thy spirit to steep
In the awful deep.

And truth drink at being's pure springs ?

As we firmly hold
To the dogma bold.

That matter, if such, has aye been :
So that it will be
To eternity.

By the' optics of reason is seen.

Jk.

1>AY'DBBAMS.

This matter disposed
Thus, God-head proposed

To mould into organized form,
With life, feeling, mind.
Heart, passions, combined

With conscience, hopes, sentiments warm.

By primitive law,
These adversely draw.

Maintaining a state of unrest :
Some principles tend
To self, their sole end,

. ^^^ quantum of good the sole test

Some our children guard ;
Their simple rewai-d,

^ T^^e good they to others create:
Tis seen by the sigh.

By love's kindling eye.

The strength ofthe passion how great?

DAT-DREAMS.

Some noble employ,

Seek, free from alloy, ^

In benevolent deeds of love ;
Where fiercest seas roll ' '
With blind uncontrol.

Pleads loudest the souVs gentle dove.

And reverence dwells,
In man, and compels

Respect for the good and the true :
Its purpose designed
To hallow the mind.

And soul with true worship imbue.

For greatness and good
Are streamlets from God,

Living fountain from whom they flow :

Their substance enshrined

In Deity's mind,

: Man's goodness his shadow below.

DAY-DREAMS.

dove.

And Hope paints the high,

Clear, blue, bending sky, ' 'T

In dreamlight of beauty her own ;
Enrobes Earth's wide scene
In mantle of green, ;

Rayed with light from her golden sun.

Tie:

►ue.

All life's a bright dreaa:

As, in sunbeams seen, ' *"..

All objects dance, glow to the sight; * .
So, as the rays pass .

Through phantasy's glass, ^

Dust turns into gold in her sight

flow:

The bleak mountain tops,

To her eye, are props

High as Heaven, to buttress the clouds;

The cold snow, the hoar.

Which time silvers o'er

Their brows, whom ripe glory enshrouds.

DAT-DREAMS.

* ■■'"•*/'

The Kghtnings which tear

Earth's bosom, nor spare '^

The great, or the wise, or the good ;
At which brave hearts quail,
Are, on a slight scale.

The beautiful fireworks of God.

For her Mount Blanc rears ^ ^

Her head to the stars,

, And smiles at the lightnings below,
Which round her breast play,
And due homage pay

To the Queen of eternal snow,

Who looks down, with pride
Of soul, on the wide

Dominions, that outspreading lie
Around her proud throne.
Whom all freely own
• • The cold Queen of sublimity. *

DAY-DREAHS.

Thus Fancy hath scope ;":^

For conjecture ; Hope

A whole Heaven to people with bright,
Fair children of bliss, ; -,

Whose happy lot 'tis,

To love, trace God's works, live in light

Such sights Poesy, ,*

By Hope spurn'd, doth see.

In this ev'ry day world of time ;
The curtain, which hides
Her beauties, divides.

And shews through the rent the sublime.

But intellect scans
Life's problem ; demands

For ev'ry effect solid cause :
Cold, clear through her glass
As the light rays pass,

She peers into nature's i&xed laws.

DAY-DREAIIB.

Each phenomenon,

On earth, in the sun, ' - ^^ [thne,

Through the reahns of nature, space,
She weighs in her scale ^^ ^

— ^All, each in detail — -'

Wherever is rayed the divine,

Through earth, ocean, wind.

Star's orbits, man's mind, [®y®»

In grassblades, round dew-drops, the
In the' enigmas dark
Which time's annals mark.

Within her wide province all lie.

But o'er all domains •

Of mind conscience* reigns.

With authority, if not might,
The true, stedfast, strong.
Stern foe of all wrong.

And friend, though not umpire, of right.

* Appendix L

^hi:'"''*

[time,
ore, space,

* ■■'>r,i^;

«r ..;: ,,/

[eye,
tops, the

lie.

af right.

For intellect weighs
Each problem, and lays

_ Its decision before the mind •
■lie conscience then feels
Its duty, and seals

With approval the conise defined.

Of public rights she,

God's faithful trustee, ■ .:

In the bosom of one man lives,
Another man's right

To guard Trith the might,

Which simple integrity gives. . /

Great engine and blest
Of good, where the test

Oftruth has been rightly applied:
d engine of ill

•»*?&

^^f

Ji':

Dread
Whe

ire

False

engine
nerved
notions

bj strong will,

e'en

good men misguide.

DAT*DREAHS.

'W f.

She may e'en pursue

With vengeance the few, ^ ^mM

Who her dogmas refuse to obey ;
But, when understood, ' '

She clings to the good.

Life's brightest and gloomiest day.

> » J..

For conscience is blind.

And hence cannot find, • ^^^ *

Through maZes of error, her way.
Till intellect's light
Dispels the deep night.

Converting the darkness to day.

No organ of mind ^

To vice is inclined, ^ ■.

By its simple and native bent ;
'Tis fixed in the brain
To urge or restrain, 1 * ^ \':.mi.-

For ends private or social meant

J>AY-DBBAXa.

'Tis the work of God, ' ' - - ^
Great author of good,

Who garnished the star-spangled sky.
Gave earth, sea and air
Their occupants fair,
2 And to the' light fashioned the eye

.Uvi^^^S

0.;.

Of each, by its lens . it ,

Peculiar, which sends j?\/

The light-ray to bear to the mind,
The knowledge of what f . ■

Takes place in each spot . • ^iT

Of space, within limits assigned.

The being great, wise, ; : y.

Who piled up the skies,

And pillared on air the dark clouds ;
Who fashioned the eye ' li r

Of mammoth and fly, ...

And nature with miracle crowds.

DAT-DBEAMS.

Is he who hath made
Each ganglion, thread,

And tissue, and nerve of the brain.
If not he, then who •*!

Into matter threw . *f

Subtile thought ? Did he access gain

To the central throne
Of God, there alone

The leaves of his volume to turn, .
And the hidden tie,
Which mysteriously ' -

Binds spirit and matter, to learn ?

And who formed at first
This nerve ? Or who durst

Ingraft so this counterfeit base
On the god-born brain.
That eflfort is vain

Its roots, stem, or branches to trace,

DAT-DBEAMS.

♦., I

■ !^ - , '

With the original
So identical,

In all that to matter pertains, ^
That, through the whole course
Of time, its first force.

Its like to produce, still remains.

,^r

But the unity

Of plan, which we see

Pervading the brain, as its soul,
Is itself alone
The best proof, that one

Is maker and lord of the whole.

/T^is true that men may
Right, good, truth betray.

All trusts moral, social, divine ;
For the selfish heart.
Of man's nature part.

Will with reptile vigour entwine

DAY-BBEAMS.

Its prey, and it hold ., >'

In its serpent fold, <

And then the cold intellect send,
With sophistry strong.
In battle for wrong,

'Fore conscience its course to defend.

Or'self may absorb
All passions — that orb

Of darkness round which circuit all —
Love, hope, feeling, fear,
In their orbit drear.

Isolate, deaf to duty's call.

Then, as habits grow

By exercise, so ; ,

Impressions repeated lose power ;
Thus habits of ill
Gain force; the bad will,

More hold, deeper roots ev'ry hour.

DAT-DBBAMS.

:, :i

defend.

And truth's cutting blade, ' '

That once deep wounds made, "^ "*•

f On minds newly startled by crime,

Cuts less and less deep, '

--^
As men tread the steep, ^

And slippery sin-ways of time.

juit all —

But 'mid stars that peep
Through yon azure deep :

Mid vast systems of worlds, that throng
The blue fields of air, ' • '^

Is no star world there, '^

Where right ever triumphs o'er wrong?

)wer:

hour.

In man's soul inwrought
Are whole realms of thought,

In the progress of things unrolled ;
Time's favouring gale
Expends each white sail, g^

And new worlds new wonders unfold.

..-V;„: M

DAT-DRBAMS.

And as knowledge grows ■

In the soul, and flows, [streams;

Through wide nations, in broad, deep
Fierce monsters, which lie
In dark caverns, fly, y, r? ; -

Nor henceforward disturb our dreams.

For, like dew-drops caught
By a hoar-frost, thought

Brilliant, plausible strikes the mind;
But when the bright sun
Hath his race begun, ^ ?

No trace of its beauty we find :

But the melting power
Of Sol's fiercest hour

Cannot wear the firm rock of truth,
High as heaven, broad-based,
It defies the waste
' Of old Time's aU-devouring tooth.

DAT-DREAKS,

treams >
bd, deep

dreams.

PART III.

mind;

The wish, that of the Uring whole
No life may fail beyond the graye,—
Derives it not from what we hare

The Ukest God, within the soul ?

Are Ood and nature then at strife.
That nature lends such evil dreams f

. — 1» HiMOUlii.

:#.r

truth)

ooth.

All laws seem to tend
To good as their end :

All contrivance-the eye, solar sphere,
Brain, bone, muscle, joint
And nerve— seems to point

To this— all to gravitate here.

' 1 * . «A

i*A

DAT^DBBAKS.

How perfect the skill
To enable the will

To reach our frame^s sentient extreme :
How wondrous the art,
Which moulds so the heart,

That, unaided by will, the rich stream,

With its pulse beat strong.
Pours ever along,

Repairing, each moment, the waste
The system sustains :

The delicate veins,

*Mid network of nerves, interlaced,

Returning the flood
Of the damaged blood

To tissues so subtilely thin, ,
That the inhaled air
The waste may repair,

And the blood its oft circuit begin.

DAY^DBIAXB.

[treme:

streanif

How wondrous the eye!
Its sphericity,

Goats, lens, crystal humours contrived
To paint on the nerve,
Outspread to receive, '^ - ?^?«v ^

Like a mirror, the impress derived

waste

laced,

From outward things, which ' '^'*

T^o eye doth not touch, - [convey.

Yet which, through bent lightbeams.
Along the live nerve, ^ , v.

Impressions that serve *

The image of things to portray.

begin.

To the indwelling mind,
In nerve-folds confined.

Yet scanning the infinite sky.
Whose bright star-lamps strew
The unbounded blue, *

As seen through her telescope eye.

. - ^-^{ ^-. ; U-. »jT-ai^ X- * .— Lf i i ^mmeUJittmffaftilt^Uf

{»2

PAT-DBEAHS.

♦---(-j.;*.: ,*

But though in detail
So wondrous, all fail

In grand final issue — the soul :
And yet, 'tis poor art
Which perfects the part,

But fails to accomplish a whole.

Do things hither tend ?
And is THicj the end,

Involved in such outlay of means ?
Did Godhead propose
No worthier close* -/-

To life's drama, than reason here gleans,

Some sheaves or rich ears,
Bright days, perhaps years,

To one, more; to another, less;
But, through her wide fields, , ;.

To no man life yields ' ,

A full crop of clear happiness. ,

* Appendix J.

DAT-DBKAH8.

«8

"[••!'»

Who questions this truth? ^'^■
Tet can the fair earth,

In springtide of beauty and song,
In mantle of green
And sunlight, serene, ^ pong

Rich, azure-dowed, balm-breath'd, be-

is?

gleans,

To failure of end.
Where beauties so blend.

As if this sole earth were the care
Undivided of God,
Not the Universe broad.

With its fretwork of systems up there?

ft-

Yet how brief the bliss,

Which flows from e'en this ! [care.

How frail, when gaunt want or grim
Doubts, fears, or disease
On their victims seize,

Or grief, to the depths of despair !

•mm

?---i;- li

^-.tj

54 PAY-DBBAMB.

But is there no spot; ^i?? >

In the infinite,

Where hope never dies in the breast :
No green, gladsome isle,
Where life's pilgrims smile^ =^ . " -^ n ' .

And charm their time-sorrows to rest?

Where, like a sweet dream^, v ;

In soft, silvery stream, ■ ^ ' [flow ;

Thoughts mellowed with peace gently
Now gorgeous attired . ^

Thoughts, words half-inspired, ;

With emotion, rapt, kindling glow.

/ V

f '•<

, (,

-■f - -

DAT-DBBAHS.

.- ,V'ti'

PA«T IT.

; i-'

And beeanse right in right, to follow right.

— OBXoira.

So rung my dream ; but \rhat am It

An infant crying in the night,

An infant crying for the light.
And with no language but a cry.

—hi MmouAM.

Were a future state . «i

So certain, that hate ^ ^ ^ ^

Itself could not question its truth ;
And man's future lot,
The reflex of what , - ^. -^ -

His sub-lunar life imaged forth :

DAT'DBEAMS.

Then might virtue be
Mere good policy,

A paction with Hpaven for pay :
Wise abstinence here,
For enjoyment there [weigh

— ^Due product, where fear and hope

This brief earthly span
Of the life of man,

Compared with the boundless career,
Disclosed to his eye
In eternity,

With its future perennially clear :

A tempered self-love,
Not greatness above

The level or thought of reward
— ^The homage of worth
At the altar of truth,
"^ A holy, sublime disregard

DAY-DBEAHS.

Of self, such as fires
The soul which aspires

To virtue, because it descrit.^
With childlike delight,
The beauty of right,*

And loves goodness in every guise.

,;;t4'^

The love mothers feel
For their children's weal.

So nobly oblivious of self.
Asserting its power ^ i

— ^An Eden-plucked flower —

In the breast of a Hagar or Guelph.

To seek truth, as truth, , , ^ ^•

And genuine worth, j

For itself, not because hope descries
The meed, is, if God ,^/^ ..

Be the' essence of good, '

The path on whose course worship lies.

* Appendix K,

DAT-DRBAlfS.

Love, like verdant spring, *■
Bright, beautiful thing.

Steps forth from the winter of self;
Yet, like the fail dawn ' '

On the poor man's lawn,

Is too rich to be purchased by pel£

Pure love, like the root.
Exists for the fruit,

Content to lie hid from our view.
Beneath the cold sod :
The image of God, ' [through.

Who, pervading all things through and

V V

Works ever the same, *

Unheeding of blame

Or praise — ^like the stillness of night- -
In the untrodden waste,
And provinces vast

And peopled, concealed from all sight.

■•f

If;

)elf.

iW,

hrough,
ghand

nigbtr-

allsigl^t.

DAT-DBBAXS. . &9

/ Pure love is the flower,

That laughs when clouds lower,

Expecting the soft vernal rains
To ripen the seed, ,, -

But takes little heed

Of the ills her own beauty sustains :

Or like the fair star, ' ^^

That shineth from far, *i^

When all things are buried in night ;
But when the bright day, 5

With worthier ray, )

Robes nature in vesture of light.

So gently retires,
TiU darkness requires

Her aid, when she noiselessly steals
Once more to her post •
Of duty, and lost

To all selfish interest, feels

DAY-DREAMS.

The pure joy of love ;

But soon as, above ^^ ■ '^ ^'' ' "^ ■

The sky verge, orbed Luna is seen,
She leaves night so fair, ' '

As best, to her care.

And retires to the blue depths serene^

But oh, can it be.
That the majesty

Of Heaven exults in the praise
Of his creatures here.
Or covets their prayer,

For itself;* as man loves displays.

Which flatter his pride ?
Is Godhead allied

To the weakness of him he hath made,
Or moved to do what
He would otherwise not.

By man's importunity swayed? *^ ,

* Appendix L.

DAY-DBEAUS. €1

The thing we demand ; i -^ x¥'-<- •
Is writ on the sand . . *f|

Or snow-drift, unless it forestall ^
The action of God, ... r vJfe

On principles broad, - J

Embracing the welfare of all.

If free from regard • ^

To self, the reward,

Which Godhead proposed, was the good,
Through virtue, of man, , ^

— ^If mapped on life's plan —

Then may we with reason conclude,

That, if at our hands
The God-head demands

Praise, prayer, or aught else, 'tis because
Such claim understood
Subserves human good.

That key to all God-given laws. *

DAY-DBEAMS.

^-7^-All worship is good, ' ?/ ■; s". - j J
Which ministers food

To the system, ennobles the soul ;
To purpose adds force - :

And depth ; on the course

Of the passions exerts its control ;

Lends patience, repose,

And earnestness ; glows * ;

In the speech, on the lip, in the eye ;
Lifts man above earth ;
To time gives new worth.

Mantling life with divinity.

True worship effects
Man's weal, and reflects

Itself on the glass of the soul,
And photographs there
All images fair.

Without the mind's conscious control.

DAY-DREAMS.

The outflowing love,

Whose voice soars above '* - ■'

Self-interest, seeking the good
Of others, reacts
On self, and extracts ' ■-

The sweets, which blind self-love elude.

So mists, which arise
And drape the blue skies

In garment of manifold grace,
Flow hither again.
In soft, genial rain.

To wreathe into smiles nature's face.

But worship* is not

The words ; 'tis the thought.

The reverence mute of the soul.
The' Eolian's rich note.
By nature's hand smote.

Or ocean's long, deep, silent roll.

* Appendix M.

DAY-DREAMS.

Or worship may be
A life-loyalty

To a principle, loved as a truth,
And hugged to the heart,
— ^An integral part

Of self — with the fervour of youth. ^

DAY-DREAMS.

-.^-i

PART V.

A cry between the silences.

— Whittier.

Who fov^ed that other influence,

That hea of inward evidence,

By which he doubta against the sense ?

— Thk Two Voicts.

Oh! mysterious mind,
What art thou ? Confined

In this prison house of dull clay,
Thou liftest thine eye,
With hope and a sigh

To high heaven, for one assured ray

OAT-DBEAMS.

Of God-given light,

To illume the deep night, [tread,

When cold, feline doubt, with soft
And stealthy advance,
Displays her barbed lance, [dread !

New-startling the soul with vague

\ Oh terrific power

/ ' Of fell doubt's dark hour, [thought.

When forced, like a wedge, by strong

She sunders all ties.

As if reveries

Of child life, on brain tissue wrought ;

And forces our bark
Adrift, on the dark.

Stormy, foam- crested depths to roll,
With few gleams of light.
Athwart the' deep night,

Faintly indexing some dim goal,

DAY-DREAMS.

If goal that may be, •"

Which no eye can see, • -

By visual power to man given ;
Where all efforts fail
To pierce the deep veil [ven.

Of darkness, which curtains whole Hea-

Great God, what's the end
Of all? Whither tend

This being and system of things ?
Is life a mere breath
— No more — and doth death,

With withering touch, sere the wings

Of hope ? And the grave
His dark banner wave

O'er life, and arc all things forgot —
Hopes, purposes, fears,
Joy, laughter, and tears.

Past all, as if things that were not ?

.rtT

■'mm'

DAT-DREAMS.

In the abyss of time,
Engulphed the sublime

And soaring ambitions of earth,
And life's prudent schemes ;
And Hope's golden dreams ;

Thoughts base, or of generous worth ?

And doth the cold grave
Close over the knave.

The good, and the wise, and the great
Alike ; and time's flood,
By fiat of God,

Whelm all, by one horrible fate,

In the dreary sea
Of nonentity,

In the silence of dreamless night.
Where the dullard ear
Of death doth not hear,

And each clay-cold orb, reft of sight,

DAY-DREAMS.

Is a mere earth's dust,
In the wreck and rust

Of all earthly and astral things ;
And, they sparkle not
With life's glowing thought ;

For Hope never touches the strings

../■vll

Of the human lyre ;
And the lambent fire

Of fancy enkindles no flame ;
But rank weeds, and cold,
Earthy-smelling mould

The fierce triumph of death proclaim.

And the worms, that crawl

Through that vacant hall, [supreme.

Where thought once enthroned sat
Their evidence bear,
That the dust down there

Is disturbed by no Memory's dream :

DAY-DREAMS.

And the mould that falls
From the crumbling walls

Of this masonry — ^work of God —
Seems mere vulgar earth
Void of judgment, worth,

Or spirit — a plain common clod.

But oh, can it be,
That eternally

The great human spirit, oppressed
By the passive might
Of cold, starless night,

Shall in the dark sepulchre rest ;

And no more look on

The great glorious sun, [grew,

Or this earth, where fond memories
Or the stars at night,
So serene and bright,

In their depths of perennial blue?

DAY-DREAMS.

And yet, if time must
This vitalized dust,

By affinity's laws, dissolve :
Must death too control
The great moving soul,

And mind — the great problem — ^resolve.

sssed

st;

As tho' a result.
By process occult.

Of matter, the all-parent root.
From which subtile thought,
Hopes, memories fraught

With sorrows or joys, upward shoot.

[grew,
memories

)lue?

The thing that we are
We know not : the far.

The wondrous, the high, the profound
We reach ; but the mind,
The essence enshrined

Within us, what plummet can sound !

DAY-DBEAMS.

All physical things, - >'

Their wheels, movements, springs,

We grasp — all mechanical skill ;
The laws, whose combined
Force regulates mind ;

The motives, which underlie will,

And shape the career
Of Peasant and Peer,

For good or for ill, as the soul —
Strong, weak, coarse, refined
By birth — is inclined.

And bent by time's iron control.

On the boundless sea
Of eternity.

The frail bark of our life appears,
But WHERE are we : what
Our heaven doomed lot, [fears.

The END of those griefs, joys, hopes,

DAY-DREAMS.

?ill,

a—

rol.

lears,

[fears.
lys, hopes,

Do they all end here ?
To this nether sphere

Are we chained — to this Titan's rock?
Is this wondrous life,
With thoughts earnest rife, [mock?

A thing doomed but high hopes to

Is there no lone star
In the distant far,

'Mid yon boundless blue, to man given,
By whose clear, fixed ray,
To steer his dark way,

And pilot his vessel toward heaven ?

In the God-formed plan

Doth no rainbow span

The broad ocean, which separates time

From eternity :

Is all shoreless sea,

Ceaseless, fathomless, pathless, sublime ?

I i

DAY-D&KAMS.

PART VI.

In Being's floods, in Action's storm,

I walk and work in endless motion,

Birth and death an infinite ocean,

A constant weaving

With change still rife,

A restless heaving

A glowing life.

Thus time's whizzing loom unceasing 1 plj.

And weave the life-garment of Diety.

— GOBTHX.

That mind is, we know :
In this faith we grow,

As the opening thoughts expand;
The child, youth and man
Of deep science can

All on this solid platform stand.

DAY-DBEAMS.

But is it SO plain

Of proof, that the brain,

In whose magical folds confined
Thought lives, as in wire
Electric winged fire.

Exists independent of mind.

[OBTHB«

Yet shall we conclude

That matter, which — viewed

By reason — seems muffled in night.
Eternal shall be,
Whilst mind — the true we —

In the dimness of matter more bright.

fpand:

Is destined no more
On Hope's wings to soar

— Once passed the time-empire of sight—
A star, that erst shone
Its brief hour, hence gone,

Snuflfed out into uttermost night.

DAY-DREAMS.

And as the sweet scent, *?^ v^f • >' -' ^*tt^l
In a rosebud pent, - '"^^

Exhales and is lost on the blast.
So, when this poor guise . ^ . ^ ^'^

Is withered, thought dies, v;

A wreck on the shores of the past.

But what, if the mind,

By law sense-confined, '

In time, 'neath this stratum of stars,
Secretes by her spell
This fair, wondrous shell

Self substanced, till, bursting the bars

Of Chrysalis time, - '

Free, joyous, sublime, . pight,

She mounts the blue space, winged with
Where, deep in the soul, ' A

Is mirrored the whole, ) i --i

As in a calm lake the pure night,

DAT-DBEAHS.

With each starry gem

Of her diadem, if ' t ^

Shining up through the blue serene ;
Whilst the moon so fair, > *
In the depths down there, ^

Rides through her domains like a queen.

;;iV-r"

And what, if the whole '^

Are things of the soul, [nished skies,

This frame, earth, bright moon, gar-
If, from the ejreat sun
Of Spirit, are spun *•'

All systems, which gravity ties

; •/.'

To their focal source,
By a hidden force

Mysterious, dynamic, unknown —
A power that controls
Each orb as it rolls.

And links to the great central throne

i! ;i

i .

DAY-DREAMS.

All seen and unseen;
What is, what has been ;

The voids which all being embrace :
The cold stars on high ;
The deep earth-born sigh ; [space. '

The pulses, which throb through all

Each magnetic thread
Of the nerve- web, spread

Throughout the wide system of things ;
Life, force rushing on
Through each ganglion,

Star-centres of vast astral rings ;

Whence filaments, spun
Reticulate, run.

Embracing all systems of space —
Now, the dew-drop soft ;
Now, the star aloft ;

Each special, each general case.

DAY-DREAMS.

The grass blade scarce seen

In its sheath of green, [fanned,

The rose-leaf, by morning's breath
Are spun in one woof
With the starlit roof

Of Heaven. Each atom of sand,

Its shape, place, and course
Are ruled by a force

All potent, as that which controls
The wild storm-lashed sea.
In its agony,

Or earth on her planet path rolls.

When the dew-drops shine.
On each sunlit line

Of gossamer network, on sod
Of emerald green.
In the morning's sheen,

'Tis a miniature skywork of God.

DAY-DBEAMB.

On each dew-starred thread,
Self substanced, self spread,

Arachne the slightest touch feels ;
On Heaven built lines,
To suit her designs,

The shock travels on lightning wheels.

l:ii

t' ! >.'

Thu3, back to the Brain
Of Being, may pain.

Pleasure, evil and good, be conveyed ;
And, writ in the broad
Time's annals of God,

'Mongst the archives of Heaven belaid.

With his countless waves.
Time's great ocean laves

The vast shores of remotest space.
And with careless hand,
On the shifting sand,

Graves the history of each race.

DAT-DREAMS.

The Lily, fair queen,
From her couch of green,

Floats on the blue wave, like a swan^
Nor seems she to grow
From the depths below.

But free on the surge. So the wan,

Fair child of the sun.

Like a vestal nun, [sky,

Chaste Luiia rides tlirough the flecked
Unchecked, uncoiifined,
As, rayed from the mind,

A beam of the soul's poetry.

Thus the storms, which hate,
Hope, fear, love, create.

Uncertain appear as the wind ;
So, on the light's beam,
The sun-mote may seem

To drift, like a dream, unconfined :*

* Appendix N.

'II

DAT-DREAMS.

Arachne how oft,
In the twilight soft,

Seems poised in mid air, yet some tie-
Holds spider, moon, mote,
All known, near, remote.

From mind to yon azure-domed sky.

The vast, pulsing heart
Felt through ev'ry part,

Welling life from the beating brain.
Forces throbbing seas
Through all arteries

Of the great universal frame.

The atoms that float

On light rays, remote

On the outskirts of being, afar
In those depth > of blue,
Feel each pulse beat true,

As night's nearest and mightiest star

DAT-DREAMS.

PART VII.

Cause and effect, means and ends, seed and fruit, cannot be
severed; for the effect already blooms in the cause, the end p^
exists m the means, the fruit in the seed. ^

— EuBBSONi

In the heavens, on earth,
Effects owe their birth

To causes, whose sovereign sway,
The comet, that flies
Athwart the blue skies,

And mind's faintest fancies obey.

84 DAT-DBEAHS. .

Each future result
To some germ occult,

In the lap of great nature sown,
Its parentage owes ;
And when the soul glows

With hopes warm, or inly we groan ;

Each throb has its cause
In those primary laws.

Which govern all matter, heart, mind :
The life, motives, will.
All good as all ill.

In that embryo germ enshined.

The soft blushing rose
From a seed-germ grows ;

Its sweet perfume, fair form, rich hues,
Are things in due course,
Where, by inborn fcrce.

The present the past but renews.

DAY-DREAMS.

But though we may change
Its colors, arrange

Its leaflets, to suit some new taste :
Yet no special clause.
But broad changeless laws,

Have each hue as each form embraced.

Effects spring from cause :
Defects have their laws :

No lusus naturce is known :
From adequate force
All follows, of course.

The fall of a leaf or^a throne.

All true seers, who look

Into nature's book.

And study the archives of God,

In her pages see

Only harmony ;

For never, through orbit untrod,

!;,j;

5 ,{; -w m

DAT-DBBAIIS^.

Shoots comet or star,
In defiant war

With law, the expression of cause :
In the statute book
Of whole Heaven, you look,

In vain, for exceptional clause.

In the empire of mind
And matter — defined

As within or without the soul —
Through time's rolling years.
No outlaw appears,

Which owns not her iron control.

Birth, death; health, decay
Succeed) as the day

Is followed by sable- winged night :
The heart-pulse, that last
Throbbed strong, in the past

Had its cause and time fixed, and might.

DAY-DBEAVS.

The atoms that dance
In sunbeams ; the glance

Of rapture that beams in the eye ;
The thought that light strews
O'er life, and indues

Common things with sublir j ,

I' m

Are fixed, as that night
Shall yield to the light,

When morning in glorious array,
And, wafted on wings
Of light, poeans sings

To the advent of new-born day. ,

The javelin's flight
Depends on the might

Of the hurling force ; so the range
Of thought, the soul's view
Of being, is due

To impact on mind ; and all change

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DAT-DBEAMB.

In the astral sphere,
In the soul's career,

In the hue of a thought of the mind,
Is cause-bound, not free,
A necessity

On the map of all being defined.

As plants from seeds grow.
So like results flow

From like causes, perennially sure.
Men's acts are the fruit
Of mind the fixed root,

By circumstance fed — ^pure, impure,

Or mixed; as the blind '. *'

Desires, — ^unconfined [ed,

To the end of their being — are school-
'Neath proper control.
To act for the whole, "^^^^ • ^^

Of which they are parts ; or misruled

DAT-DBBAMS.

By notions of right,
Bred in the soul's night,

When duties are less understood ;
Or when we let free
One propensity,

To act for its own private good,

Devoid of regard
To nature's award.

The issue of good to the soul,
If mind, to self true '

And all, keeps in view

The harmony of the great whole.

In every effect
Full cause we detect.

Or ought to, not greater nor less :
By connatal laws.
Surplusage of cause *^

Must gender result in excess. I

DAT-DBEAXS4

E'en the prayer we breathe,
— ^like a scented wreath

Of violets plucked in the dew —
Exhales from the mind —
— ^Wish, will, word — defined,

As deer as their petals deep bine.

All being is cause

And consequence;* laws

Are but the expression of force,
Propelling the sphere
Of light, the warm tear,

The joy-throb and pang of remorse.

Man acts not without
A motive ; throughout

Wide being, the stro ^st bears rule ;
But motives bud forth,
The mind's normal growth,

Developed in life's jshsping aohooL

* ApptadU 0.

DAT-DR:BA1CB« M

In causation's chain,
Some links may remain

Unseen, thro' the mind's murky haze ;
Yet, subtile as air,
The links are all there,

Tho' concealed from our steadiest gaze.

DAY-DBBAMS.

:^i-^k'^fK

- t'

.-/y

.A .v;i'

PART VIII.

Are they not sonis rendered Tidble ; in bodies that took shape
and will lose it, melting into air. Their solid pavement is a picture
of the sense; they walk on the bosom of nothing, blank time ia
behind and before them.

•— Cabltu.

Is life, then, a dream,
And do things but seem.

In this world, in yon star-strewn sky
Is the universe, fraught , .

With wonders, inwrought

In the network of the n^ind's eye.

DAY-DBBAHS.

And is mind the glass,
On which, by a pass

Of the great mesmerizer^s hand,
Is mirrored each scene,
Blue skies and fields green.

The wonders of air, sea, and land.

Then, are we not men.
But spirits, whose ken.

Thro' Fancy's kaleidoscope, views
This pageant of time,
Which, sad, gay, sublime.

With blossoms of beauty life strews.

''ii'

:.^p

t..- 1:3

In dreams, we behold ^ '

Like wonders unrolled ;

A whole fairy land, peopled with bright
Creations of thought.
By phantasy wrought,

On mind's canvass, with pencil of light.

DAT-DBBAMB.

We ask, can it be \

A dream, when we see,*

And handle, compare sense with sense ; .
Their evidence weigh, I

In this twilight grey

Of mind, with emotion intense. ,

We see friends and foes: .- r ; , * f
The time-battle glows , ;-

With earnestness, and the full tide
Of manifold life
Pours onward ; and rife [stride,

With thoughts glowing, and bold giant

Hope, as in life's plan.

Springs on to the van, v '. .

Whilst Effort moves slow in the rear.
And Mind coldly weighs,
And Piety prays, . - • . -

And Sympathy sheds the warm tear.

^AppeaJUz P.

DAY-DRBAKS.

All so life-like seems,

And true, that those dreams

Of broad, stirring day scarce excel,
In painting or power.
The still midnight hour,

When fancy o'er mind weaves her spell.

We sorrow, joy, hope ;
Through mind's darkness, grope

Our way into nebulous light,
Or no light, or day.
As thought's struggling ray "
V Opens up the dim realms of night.

i'ri.'

-~xi

We think, will, and act, • '

And reason from fact, [store :

Drawn from memory's long treasured
Nay, Time's curtain rend.
By mind's force, and wend

Our way to eternityls shore.

im:

DAY-DREAMS.

Tis true, life's a dream
More calm, that the beam

Soul-kindled more vividly bums,
With steadier light,
Dissolving dim night.

Which mind, by her alchemy, turns

■■,}'

■/f

To broad, stirring day, '

With clear, golden ray » . ^•

Of sunlight, green fields, azure sky,
Woods, streams, mountains, seas.
Sweet flowers, balmy breeze, [fly.

With creatures that crawl, swim, walk,

There are who,* of mould '■

Abnormal, behold u. v?

Strange visions with mind's open eye ;
Who, spurning the bars .^ '

Of sense, to the stars, , -\ *" i. ^

Through soul-gendered firmaments, fly.

* Appendix Q.

DAY-DREAMS.

And, with ravished ear,
Jn planet lands hear

Spirits' converse on Heaven's design.
Expounding each clause
Of those wondrous laws

Of the great primal source Divine.

There are too, who see,* U a^

In vacuity, . ;. u;^

Clear visions with calm, steady gaze :
Thought painting on space
Void, sunlit, each face.

As seen in reality's blaze.

■/-•,.' .".\f.

In the clear, full light.
Stands the image bright

Of each object, in bold relief:
To their sense-warped view.
All so lifelike, true.

As to gender in many belief,

^Appendix R. I

.^'^:

ii.<

DAT-DREAMS.

That the phantom, thought,
On fine nerve-woof wrought,

Or by fancy from elf-land lured.
Is no spectral lie,
But true entity,

By sight to reality moored.

^:':7

What paints the blue sky ? ,. ; v,
The light, mind, or eye ?* » r

What silvers the moth's satin wings?
Or, over yon wold, ^m .if'^^ ^
A mantle of gold :i: ^ . ;;. . ,

And green, in rich harmony, flings.

One holding a cup, vu/
Is ordered to sup

Plain water, to nulk changed at will.
He looks : to the sight
Most plainly 'tis white.

He drinks and 'tis clearly milk still.

» Appendix S. .y--:i--':^^-2--- .

DAT-DBBAHS.

* Nay, but it is wine :
Its particles shine,

'Tis genuine blood of the grape :
But taste it :' * Ah, yes ;
'Tis wine, I confess.'

Nor can he conviction escape.

i'i 'ji

Thus matter we find
Transmuted by mind ;

The muscles too seemingly dead,
Or sinewed with might: ' ;|i ^■

Hence iron is light, '

A feather more weighty than* lead.

And though we behold,
Thro' portals of gold,

Great Phoebus ascend, onward roll,
And, through the expanse
Of blue Heaven, advance.

With full orb, to his western goal :

^Appendix T.

ffh

100

DAT-DBEAMS.

Yet science denies
Its truth, and descries

A fixed sun and revolving earth :
Yet not fixed — thro' space
He pursues his race,

'Mid bright stars of coeval (?) birth ;

Brother orbs that lie, '
One vast family, ' "

From this sun to the utmost bound
Of our firmament —
Glorious star-lit tent, ^ •

Azure-domed in the vast profound.

Swift careering on.
Round some central sun,*

In their ceaseless, unerring race :
Glorious galaxy,
On a crystal sea,

Islet stars, in void, silent space.

* Appendix U.

DAT-DBIAXS.

101

Yet, when viewed afar,
From some outskirt star,

This firmament star-spangled bright,
Seems there but a speck,
Or dull milky streak.

Sunk in depths of dim-curtained night :

While to us their skies, vv^f^ V

Where suns countless rise, v

In the deep empyreal blue.
Seem mere tiny dots, ' *

Mapped on star charts — blots '^^

Of faint light, to our flesh-dimmed view.

In a mirror true,

All objects we view.

Reflected, seem real ; endued

With mind, motion, will.

Or breathless and still, .

Bound, angular, pale, rosy-hued, '

102

DAT-DBEAMS.

As in life. The eye
Enkindles ; the sky

Is bright : on its bosom clouds float —
White isles on a sea
Of azure — each tree

Is robed in its own leafy coat.

There too imaged lie

The earth and the sky, r,

Created by sense, swift as thought,
From nothing, on space,
Into form and ^ace ;
* On the image-glass of the soul wrought.

'..„- :

In the realms of art
And nature, each part

Shews perfect — each answers to each —
The vase, statue, bell . < /

Or rich, pearly shell, " '

Fair lily and fleshy-cheeked peach.

iY-DBBAMB.

loa

The soul's wild distress

The features express, ,

And manifold thoughts, hopes, and joys :
Yet all are writ there,
Hope, anger, despair,

With a pen which truth only employs.

And the thoughts that speak
Thro' the blushing cheek,

And hopes which soft glances inspire,
And the lightning flash
'Neath the eye's dark lash, pre.

And black clouded brow charged with

And the lids that teli . r-.

The soul's tale so well.

Or which scorn to shed the soft tear,
And each lock of hair.
On the forehead fair,

With its shadow, stand visibly clear.

104

BAY-PREAMB.

Tet 'tis a dream's dream,
The whole : things but seem

To be, move, or act : for on air,
By soft sunbeams writ.
The thin phantoms flit—

The figments of thought not more rare.

Thus mind builds a globe, A

Throws o'er it a robe

Of grey twilight or rosy day.
With blue bending skies,
Now, starred with bright eyes.

Peering down with pure sparUing ray.

• I

i '

Now flooding with light

The wide realms of night, t [eyes.

The bright, twinkling stars shut their
And, dazzled away ^A

From contest with day.

For the empire of beauty, night flies.

DAT-DBEAUS.

105

And rosy-cheeked morn,
Of light and love bom,

She teaches to kiss the gay flowers ;
And the sparkling dew,
Bright stars which earth strew,

To sip, in the soft vernal hours.

At her nod, morn bends

Her fair form: descends [air,

With haste, from her cloud throne of
And pours golden light
From the mountain's height.

On earth's forests and tower tops fair.

Then visits each vale, ^

Where soft warblers hail

Her approach, with sweet matin song :
The lark shakes his wings.
Mounts high heaven and sings,

With voice at once tuneful and strong.

9e««««90^p

IQG

DAT-DBEAHS.

The daisy — day's eye —
So pretty and shy,

Plue pimpernel, marigold bright,
Whose lids closed, when day
Paled her sparkling ray.

Now ope them again to the light.

From those golden beams.

Which, like hope's young dreams, [drew

Oft tremble round cloud-skirts, she
Her colours, to tip
The daffodil's lip ;

From sky too, the violet's blue.

.yit*

Thus mom lays the scene,
In ground- work of green.

The fields, trees and ivy-clad tower,
And dipping her beams
In beauty's rich streams.

With pencil of light draws each flower.

DAY-DREAMS.

107

The snow-drop the snow
Outrivals; the glow

Of sunset can scarcely outvie
The dew-spangled rose,
When morning's breath blows,

But in darkness their beauties all die.

For all things to sight •

One dress wear at night,

Rose, snow-drop, blue sea, sober pond:
But, as if charmed things,
All loveliness springs

At one wave of her magic wand.

Such tricks ev'ry day •■^--r^^.

Coy Fancy doth play

— That strange Maja* of Eastern brains —
'Tis God paints each scene.
What is, what has been, *

And deep in the mind it ingrains.

^Appendix V.

108

DAY-DBBAICS.

Tet the human sonl
Is no mere blank scroll,

Where fancy may write what she wills
Each faculty, sense.
Force, feeling intense.

Stands immovable as the hills.

m^ --^ ■

This wonder-fraught earth.
Land of tears, hopes, and mirth,

—Thing of fancy, on sunbeams hung —
She wraps in cloud-robe.
And spins round a globe

Light-raying, — ^itself likewise swung

Somewhere in the blue, ■ ^

Its race to pursue.

By centrifugal power hurled on,
In its astral course.

By attractive force, '

* Whirled round its own gorgeous sun.

DAY-J)BBAM8.

109

With its galaxy

Of dim stars, which lie

Strata thick upon strata piled,
In the vast profound,
Which no eye can sound,

Where even conjecture seems wild.

In eddying whirls,

Worlds heaped upon worlds,

Thick as leaves in the' autumnal blast,
Or as snow-flakes fly.
In a vrintry sky.

When whole Heaven seems overcast.

'eons sun.

Down, down in the deep, ; I

WHere cease not nor sleep .

The wonders or works of the All-wise,

Whom not the Infinite

Can exhaust, and yet

He mouldeth the Butterfly's eyes.

110

BAY-DREAMS.

Up, up in the sky,

Where star systems fly, [march

East, west, north, south, far as thoughts
Until, in despair.
We sink, for e*en there.

The circles of things but enlarge.

I :

f ill ! "

As light with her hues

All objects indues, " ^i

And on the dark cloud hangs her bow :
So life spans the earth t

With beauty and worth, » ?

Enzoning with grace all below.

* "^^ *■ ^ ~ - - ' - ^ \ n- Mi

BAY-DRBAMS.

Ill

Life diversifies
Herself: multiplies

Into countless shapes, shades, and things,
Her being : is bom
A rosebud, at morn ;

At eve, a plumed nightingale, sings.

One while, in a dress ^

Of strange loveliness, [trothed,

She lifts her chaste brow Spring-be-
A snow drop, with glow
Outvieing the snow,

A bride, in sweet innocence clothed.

Now, shy in the shade, f

By the cool cascade,

A primrose or violet blue :
Now, throned like a queen,
A rose-bud, scarce seen

In mantle of moss, starred with dew.

\r2 DAY-iDBEAHS.

As stem, leaves and root,
Fair flowers and rich fruit,

One embryo plant-life enfolds:
So, like a vast sun
All-raging, life one

Earth's wondrous variety holds.

The life 'tis, that moulds
The lily, unfolds

The soft germ, develops the leaves,
Paints, with pearly light.
The rich petals white.

And veins with sweet scent interweaves.

The life 'tis, that gilds
The crocus ; that builds

The smooth mushroom and gnarly oak ;
And rears to the sky.
Tall pines that defy.

Yet court too, the lightning's fell stroke.

DAT-DRBAMS.

A Proteus in skill,
Is all things at will,

Unfolding itself every hour,
In some aspect new
Of fair form and hue.

113

[er.

Tall tree, humble grass, perfumed flow-
As a crystal broke.
By a ruthless stroke.

Into glittering fragments flies ;
Each separate part
Hath its Iris heart,

And rich veins of prismatic dyes.

As perfect and clear,
As a rounded tear

Is an ocean distinct and whole :
So each life whole, one.
From one life is spun,

A beam rayed from the central soul.

PAY-DBKAH8.

And life neither tires
Nor rests, but aspires

Still on, in her glorious career
Of progress, whose car
Rolls sure as a star,* [or clear.

Though as slow, through skies cloudy

As when a page, bright
With truth's glowing light,

Yields up its full store to the soul.
Its periods possess
No truth or thought less, [whole.

Though its students exhaust each the

Or when the brain teems
With phantasy's dreams,

Flung random, like sparks on the wind,
Or reason outpours
Her purified ores,

Strained through the Alembic of mind.

Appendix Y.

DAY-DBBAMS.

115

The brain loses naught
Of fancy, or thought,

Or wisdom, or feeling, or force ;
Each dream, passion, view,
Rolls on ever new, [source.

Welled up from the thoughts^ fertile

So life, fresh as morn
On mountain tops born.

Is flush as in springes glorious bloom ;
Or as, in her prime.
When summoned by time, [tomb.

She sprang from the cold dreamless

As love, with soft eyes,
A maiden's cheek dyes.

And mantles in beauty her face ;
Or when a grey mist.
By a sunbeam kist.

Is thrilled into many-hued grace.

116

DAT-DREAMS.

E'en so the great soul,
Rich fount of the whole,

Incarnates her own beauteous dreams ;
Now curtains the sky
With cloud drapery.

Baptized in the Sun's glowing beams :

Now mantles in green - -

The earth still, serene, -

Or waving, gold-hued, in the wind ;
Then melts into night * >

All images bright, [mind.

Dissolved through life's menstruum,

And in the void, strewn
With stars, hangs the moon.

Sad pilgrim attendant of earth ;
While each gem, that glows
On night's girdle, owes,

To her fashioning hand, its birth.

DAY-DBEAHS.

She photographs all,

The great as the small, [stars ;

On Time's canvass — the mass of the
The rainbow on high,
And life-germs that lie

Earth- prisoned, till nature unbars

The portals, whence, rife
With energy, life

Bursts forth into bud, blossom, fruit,
Of thousand-fold shape
And shade, — nut and grape, * [root.

Rose, snow-drop, hard grain, pulpy

She paints the wide scene ,

With groundwork of green.

The fields, trees, and ivy clad tower,
And, dipping her beams
In phantasy's streams.

With pencil of light paints each flower.

118

DAY-DBEAHS.

Mind touching the springs

Of being, all things [hued, —

Shoot up, through the voids, rainbow-
Blue, golden, or green;
Storm wrapped or serene, [as viewed.

High, low, straight, bent, branching;

ytN

Through the spectrum, sense.
The Soul's medium, whence

All substance material derives
Its being, and guise
Of shape, colour, size, [strives

From whose presence the mind vainly

To emancipate •>

Itself, for, by fate

Enfeebled, it sinks into sense,
With her shifting views ;^'

Of strange forms and hues, ^>

1 , ' ,

pens.

As seen through the mind's coloured

DAY-DREAHS.

119

From mind, vital root

Of phenomena, shoot [mits gleam

Trunk and branches, on whose sum-
Star-blossoms, whence flies
Pollen-dust, through all skies, [dream

Earths, moons, — ^life's bright, beautiful

Of being outspread,
Soul-gendered and fed

By fancy, which weaves the blue sky.
And views the immense
Voids sunless, thro' sense,

The kaleidoscope of the mind's eye ;

Ins.
ed

And spins, at our feet,

Rose, pink, brier sweet, [beams dance,

Through whose leaves the rich sun-
Or poises, afar
In dim night, the star,

Outrolled on the boundless expanse.

120

DAT-DREAMS.

All, all imaged here —

On the soul — the sphere [rings —

Central, stellar — all worlds, moons.
The germ and the tree,
The drop and the sea,

All astral, terrestrial things.

As, thro' a stained glass,
The rays coloured pass.

Or as from rare media to dense,
The light, by new force,
Is bent from its course.

As the angle inclines : so the sense

On all known things acts, j

Paints objects, refracts.

Diminishes, magnifies all, ^^ ^
As curved lines enforce
The light's changeful course.

Thro' bodies, on which its rays fall.

DAY-DBBAHS.

121

All knowledge is what
Pure truth mind has got,

From her own golden treasury stole :
Bright, sterling, refined,
The ingots of mind.

Struck off at the mint of the soul.

As a ray bent back ^^i

From its onward track.

Reflects but the things it has seen,
So, when mind reveals
New truths, she unseals [been.

The crypt, where her jems have aye

'Tis light lately shed -/ ^ >
On a page oft read ;

A leaf of her volume just turned ;
A new bud burst forth
On the bosom of earth ; , a M

A passion unknown till it burned.

122

IXAY^DBBAMS*

Through a prism rays seen,
Blue, yellow, and green,

In nature a white gleam diffuse,
Hence pencils of bright '"%

And colourless light, '

Paint the mantle of things of all hues.

, -.-I*-:

■^■M:"-^riuiM

And thus the soul rich
In all beauties, which

Encircle the low as the high, 4
Breathes flowers and soft light,
Or frowns storms and night.

Or smiles hosts of stars thro' the sky.

*':^

■ l

This picture of God, ' -^ !

Hung up in the broad, ' ^

Wondrous universe of the soul.
Was by his pen drawn.
Who spread the blue lawn

Of deep ether, where cea seless roll

<i y

DAT-DREAHS.

1^3

Earths, moons, comets, stars-^ j .

Nature's glorious cars

Along the great railways of Heaven ;
But what their freight, goal,
— ^As parts, as a whole — [given ?

Know we ? Hath such knowledge been

When death comes, we shake

Our chains off, awake [worth :

From life's dream, by mind's native
Our coils now unfold, ' . '

By death snapped, and bold

The disenthralled spirit steps forth.

Scales drop from the eyes • V

Of mind, and the guise,

Which thought had assumed during life,
Is shred — like a flower, ^ / i

By the scathing power [strife;

Of winged lightning — thus ends the

124

DAT-dreams;

And as a balloon ^ ^ ^ . v r* /^

Springs upward, so soon ,

As its cords have slipped their firm tie
So, springs the glad soul,
Freed from time's control,
,. With one bound, to its native sky.

That sky which is near, .
Not far off; 'tis here,
? In the soul, not the soul in it ;
And Soul hath not space, r
Nor needs it for base, .^ •

A wide universe, or a point.

i \

All spirits might dwell

In a cypris' shell, » . .

Whose very minuteness astounds,
Feel free, as a fly
In day's open sky,
' And roam through its infinite bounds.

DAT-DREAMS.

125

PART IX.

'i'.is J^'iJi^'i'.:^

''Has not a deeper meditation taught . . . that the Whbrb
and Wbxs, so mysteriously inseparable from all our thoughts, are
but superficial terrestrial adhesions to thought ; that the Seer may
discern them where they mount up out of the celestial Evbbtwhbbb

and FoBBVBB Think well, thou too wilt find that Space

is but a mode of our human Sense, so likewise Time ; there m no
Space and no Time ; Wb are — we know not what ; — light>sparkles
floating in the aether of Deity 1

" So that this so solid-seeming World, after all, were but an
air-image, our Mb the only reality : and Nature, with its thousand,
fold production and destruction, but the reflex of our own inward
Force, the * phantasy of our Dream ;' or what the Earth-Spirit in
Faust names it, the living visible Garment of God"

— Cabltlb.

What's SPACE but a thought,
In the sense-loom wrought,

Inwove in the woof of the mind ;
Each varying scene
On life's glowing screen.

By the pen of the spirit designed.

126

DAY-DREAMS.

The near and the far,
The grass blade, the star,

The boundless, the finite, the fair,
The star-spangled blue.
The ocean, the dew.

And tempest and sunshine are there.

Doth TIME, then, alone,*
For ever rush on.

To future from present and past :
Or is she too thought.
By sense subtly wrought.

And on the mind's dial-plate glassed ;

Whose hands each event a t

— Great, little — present « s -^

To view, on the chart of the soul ;
Where, seen or unseen.
They are and have been,

Inscribed on her magical scroll

* Appendix W.

DAY-DREAMS.

127

here.

Which as we unfold,
Time's story is told, *

With ink sympathetic ; and he,
Who ventures to read
Her secrets, hath need

To study the soul's alchemy.

lassed ;

ml;

A painting sublime, Vvo

All-circling, is time.

Here sunlit, there buried in clouds,
In which the whole past
For ever stands fast.

The future night's curtain enshrouds ;

And, stormy or fair, 'r

The present is there.

In colours so clear and intense.
That, dazzling the eye
With their brilliancy.

They seem real, not figments of sense.

128

DAY-DBBAMS.

As, in midnight's hour,
The telescope's power

Adds firmaments star-strewn and vast,
Where, to the mere eye.
There seems but one sky, .

So, on the sense mirror, is glassed

The present alone ;
The future unknown.

Still hid in the boundless expanse,
The fai'seeing eye
Of mind may descry.

Unveiled by her telescope- glance.

But, as we proceed
Still onward, we read

Fresh sibylline excerpts of fate :
Discoveries new
Unfolding to view

New phases of mind's primal state.

DAY-DBEAMS. 129

As when we behold - *' r ■-:^: -,,".'•.-, :i^^f/
A pale rim of gold, v i»^J^^

Suspended at even on high ;
Night's beautiful queen '

Is there, as when seen '?

Full orbed, in the blue, vaulted sky.

As in voids remote
Vast firmaments float,

Deep, deeper in widening space ;
So, graved on mind's sky.
Like star systems, lie

The tableaux of Time's onward race.

And far off and near
Are evermore here :

The pictures of time, one by one,
Shew through the deep night —
Illumed by the light.

Like cloud-isles transpierced by the sun.

130

DAY-DBEAMS.

Whilst things, in Time's womb, ■ A

Are seen to assume -

^ A brilliancy breathing, intense;
The present, which glows
So vividly, flows :

To memory, fading from sense. ' '4

But still it is ^ere ; ' . '

The wondrous career

Of time, on her tragical scroll —
Mapped out, first and last, —
The great living past.

And stereotyped on the soul.

As autumn's brown leaf, \

Infolds the belief,

That Time had once cradled with care,
And nurtured with food
It's life in the bud.

And smoothed its pale folds to the air,

DAT-DBSAMS.

131

And in its dark green, , v] :

In summer-day sheen,

Oft nestled, and in the cool night ;
Till marring its form,
With grasp of the storm, ^

He flung it to earth with fierce might.

And as its sere state
Involves its past fate.

The changes successive of life :
So, in present thought
The past is inwrought,

With manifold memories rife.

, t ■ '^'

ir/>

Or, as in hoar hair.
We feel, that oft there [rime,

Time had passed, ere he scattered his
And, in the shrunk face.
Age-furrowed, we trace.

The deeply-grooved wheel- tracks of time:

132

DAY-DREAMS.

And, as in those locks

And furrows, the shocks ^

^ Of time are unveiled to mind's eye ;
Youth, manhood, and age,
Like memory's page, '

Deep graved, with known histories lie.

And whilst, on the brow
Beholding the now,

The past to infer were compelled ;
So, may not life's whole
Be stamped on the soul,

The past in the present beheld.

Thus is the immense

A web of the sense, [wrought.

Where matter, space, time are in-
In hues dark as night,
Or bright as the light.

Or dim as the shadows of thought.

DAT-DREAMS.

133.

In the soul is wrought
The whole starry vault

Of Heaven, the blue, bounding sea ;
The fair bark, that rides
On its surging tides,

And Zephyr that laughs on the lea.

The visage of night
With its star-eyes bright ;

The beauty of morning, inwrouo-ht
On time's glowing stream,
Is a lovely dream —

All matter but crystallized thought.

But as, in the green,
Glorious ocean seen.

An iceberg floats on in its might ;
Cold, solid, and vast.
Urged by the chill blast,

But melts in day's southern light :

134

DAY-DBBAMS.

; I

So matter floats on,
Earth, satellite, sun,

Vast, ponderous, solid, when viewed
Through life's medium, sense —
The soul's magic lens

Concave-convex, prismatic, all-hued.

But when, on this dream
Of things, the pure beam

Of reason looks in, and compels
The mind to suspect
All being time-decked,

In soul-woven garb, it dispels

The child-faith, which sense
Clear, glowing, intense.

Throws over the mind, thick as night ;
Dissolving in doubt
All matter, throughout

The wide realms of touch and of siuht.

A P p i: N D I X

APPENDIX A.

' 'Tis thus at the roaring loom of time I ply,
And weave for God the garment thou seo'st him by. '

—Goethe, in Sartor AVs*// ^t;.".

APPENDIX B.

" The Ichthyosaurus, sometimes more than SO feet loug, bud the
saout of a porpoise, the teeth of a crocodile, (sometimes amountinc
to 1S<))> the head of a lizard, the vertebra of a fish, the steruum ot

an oniithorhyuchus, and the paddles of a whale Its

eye was prodigiously large ; in one species, the orbital cavity beinjif
14 inches in its longest direction. This eye also, bad a pecuIiHr
construction to make it operate both like a telescope and a micros-
cope : thus enabling the animal to descry its prey in the night as
well as day, and at great depths in the water. The length of its
jaws was sometimes more than six feet ... its habits were
carnivorous; its food, fishes and the young of its own species;
some of which it must have swallowed of groat length." — Hitcl'
cock's Ofoloffy.

136

APPENDIX

" The scales, bones, and other remains, constantly found in the
interior of the skeleton, prove that it was an inhabitant of the sea."
—MdnteU'a Wonders of Geology.

APPENDIX C.

" The Pterodactyle had the head and neck of a bird, the mouth
of a reptile, the wings of a bat, and the body and tail of a mammi-
fer . . . its eyes were enormously large, so that it could seek
its prey in the night." — Hitchcock.

" With flocks of such-like creatures flying in the air, and shoals
of no less monstrous ichthyosauri and plesiosauri swarming in the
ocean, and gigantic crocodiles and tortoises crawling on the shores
of the primoeval lakes and rivers; air, sea, and land must have been
strangely tenanted in these early periods." — Buckland, in ITitch'
cock.

APPENDIX D.

"The remains of men have not been found in any deposit older
than alluvium, except in a few cases where they have been proba-
bly introduced into drift subsequent to its deposition." — LyelVs
principles in Hitchcock.

" But not a trace of the trilobite has been discovered above the
carboniferous strata." — Hiichvoek.

"Dr. Buckland estimates the total thickness of all the stratified
rocks in Europe to be at least 10 miles."

" In Pennsylvania, fossiliferous rocks beneath the top of the
coal measures are more than 7.5 miles in thickness." — Bogera in
Hitchcock.

" The thickness in feet of the fossiliferous strata in Great Britain,
as given in the tabular view of the stratified rocks, with the excep-
tion of the Silurian ana Cambrian systems, which I give on the
authority of Professor Phillips, is as follows :

Tertiary 2,000 feet,

Chalk 1,100 do.

Wealden 900 do.

Oolite 2,000 do.

APPENDIX.

137

Lias 700li9ei»

Upper New Red 900 do.

Lower New Bed 800 do.

Carboniferous System... 5,700 do.

Old Bed Sandstone 10,000 do.

Silurian Bocks 7,470 do.

Cambrian Bocks 9,000 do.

Total 40,570 feet; or7K miles."

•—Hitchcock.

In the Silurian rocks is found the Trilobite: not, until after the
Tertiary, man.

APPENDIX E.

Who made man's eye, had ho no skill to make
Himself ten myriads, if in need he stood
Of media, such as these, through which to view,
At one wide glance, each spot of his domain?
Alaih^s eye can rest on objects more than one.
Ilia mind embrace, in quick succession, all:
Increase that power progressively ; then pause;
Say what might he not be, and thence infer,
The vastness of God's attributes, &c. &c.

Though we speak ordinarily of omnipotence and omniscience,
yet perhaps nature only teaches us the vastness of the power in do-
ing, and of apparent wisdom in adjusting means to ends, of the
spirit of nature operating in the frame of man, the ganglion of the
insect, or the stamen of a flower. But how can we fathom the in-
finite? Employed by us, are they not words of relative meaning?

APPENDIX F.

For an account of the calculating machine, here referred to, see
the ** Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation," and the argu-
ment of the author. Also, the ** Ninth Bridgewater Treatise," by
Mr. Babbagc.

138

APPENDIX.

APPENDIX G. • :

" The views which I, (says Sir Charles Lyell,) proposed origi-
nally in the Principles of Geology, in opposition to the theory of
progressive development, may be thus briefly explained. From the
earliest period at which plants and animals can be p 'oved to have
existed, there has been a continual change going on in the position
of land and sea, accompanied by great fluctuations of climate. To
these ever-varying geographical and climatal conditions, the state
of the animate world has been unceasingly adapted. No satisfac-
tory proof has yet been discovered of the gradual passage of the
earth from a chaotic to a more habitable state, nor of a law of progres-
sive development governing the extinction and renovation of species,
and causing the Fauna and Flora to pass from an embryonic to a
more perfect condition, from a simple to a more complex organi-
zation." — LyelVa Manual.

"A multitude of facts show that the Deity introduced the
different races just at the right time. That he did this according to
certain laws, though not by their inherent force — for laws have no
such force — may be admitted; as may be done in respect to all his
operations ; but this does not prove them any the less special or
miraculous. ... In short, we may consider it as proved that
all the great classes of animals and plants have been represented on
the globe so near the commencement of organic life, that no geolo-
gist will doubt that it was so from the very beginning." — HltcIicocJo.

The Thecodont family of Reptiles is allied to the living Mono-
tor, and its appearance in the Lower Permian, " observes Mr. Owen,
is opposed to the doctrine of the progressive development of Rep-
tiles from Fish, or from simpler to more complex forms; for, if they
existed in the present day, these Monitors would take rank at the
head of the Laceitian order." — Lyell.

The author of the " Vestiges," however, says, — " The great fact
established by Geology is, that the organic creation, as we now see
it, was not placed upon the earth at once ; — it observes a progress.
. . In reality, the whole of the geologists admit that we have,
first, the remains of inoertelrated animals ; then with these, ^h,
being the lowest of the vertebrated ; next, reptiles and birds, which
occupy higher grades ; and finally, along with the rest, mamm^ers,
the highest of all.

APPENDIX.

139

** In every classification of the animal kingdom, reptiles rank
next above fish, in some living families there is such a conven«
tion and intermixture of both characters, that naturalists cannot
agree to which class they should be assigned. He actually sees, in
a general view of the earlier reptiliferous formations, animals
(Ichthyosaur,) combining the fish and the reptile in the most une-
quivocal manner.

" In Mr. Owen's Letters on the Invertelrated Animals, he say*—
that man's embryotic metamorphoses would not be less striking
than those of the butterfly, if subjected like them to observation—
and then adds, that the human embryo is first vermiform, next
stamped with the characters of the apodal fish, afterwards indieft>
tive of the enaliosaur, and so forth. There is another most respec-
table English physiologist — Dr. Roget — who, in his Bridgewater
Treatise, explicitly says, * that the animals which occupy the high-
est stations in each series possess, at the commencement of their
existence, forms exhibiting a marked resemblance to those presented
in the permanent condition of the lowest animals of the same series ;
and that, during the progress of their development, they assume in
succession the characters of each tribe, corresponding to their con«

£"^cutive order in the ascending chain.' " Explanations of Vet-

tiges, die.

" Professor Owen, who last year pronounced that the footprints
presented by Mr. Logan, were most probably those of a cheloman
animal (turtle), not of a land species — a pronouncement which has
a prominent place in the last edition of Sir Charles Lyell's ManwU
— read a paper on the 24th of last month before the Geological So-
ciety, in which he reversed his former position, and professed his
conviction that the footprints were those of animals possessing
more then four feet — some eight or ten — consequently that they
indicated invertebrate animals, most probably crustacean I We ex-
tract from the report in the Athenaum : —

*' 'The Professor proceeded to observe, that, from their peculiar
arrangements, neither to a quadrupedal creature nor a fish-like ahi-
mal could these imprints be assigned ; and yet, with respect to the
hypothesis that each imprint was made by its independent limb, I
confess to much difficulty in conceiving how seven or eight pain
of jointed limbs could be aggregated in so short a space of the sides
of the animal; so that I incline to adopt as the most probable hypo-

140

APPBNDIZ.

tbeaiBy that the oreatores which hare left these tracts and impres*
sions on the most ancient of known sea-shores belonged to an ar*
ticulate, and probably crustaoeous, genus. With reference to the
ooigectures that might be formed respecting the creatures that have
left these tracts, the Professor observed, that the imagination is
baffled in the attempt to realize the extent of time passed since the
period when these creatures were in being that moved upon the
sandy shores of the Silurian sea, and we know that, with the excep-
tion of the most microscopic forms, all the actual species of living
beings disappear at a period geologically very recent in comparison
with the Silurian epoch. The forms of animals present modifica-
tions more and more strange and diverse from actual exemplars as
we descend into the depths of time past. Of this the Plesiosaur
and the Ichtlijosaur are instances in the reptilian class, and the
Pterichthys, Coccosteus, and Cephalaspis in the class of fishes.
ff then the vertclvate type has undergone suck inconcelvaUe modifi-
cations diirinj the secondary and Devonian periods, what may 7wt
Iiave been the modifications of tJie articulate type during a period pro-
bably more remote from the secondary period than this is from the
present time f ' "

APPENDIX H.

"M. Comte, of Paris, has made some approach to the verifica-
tion of the hypothesis, by calculating what ought to have been the
rotation of the solar mass at the successive times when its surface
extended to tho various planetary orbits. . . 'From the whole
of these comparisons,' says he, * I deduced the following general
result: — supposing the mathematical limit of tho solar atmosphere
successively extended to the regions where the different planets are
now found, the duration of the sun's rotation was, at each of these
epochs, sensibly equal to that of the actual sidereal revolution of the
corresponding planet; and the same is true for each planetary at-
mosphere in relation to the different satellites.' " — Vestiges.

The apparent retrogression of the satellites of Uranus presents the
principal difficulty. For a full exposition of the solar-nebular
theory, see "Vestiges." See also, "Nichol's Architecture of the
Heavens," &c.

"The following experiments were first conducted by Professor
Plateau of Ghent, and afterwards repeated by Dr. Faraday.

APPENDIX.

141

** ' Placing a mixture of water and alcohol in a glass box and poor*
ing thereon a small quantity of oliye oil, of density precisely equal
to the mixture, we have in the latter a liquid mass relieved from
the operation of gravity, and free to take the exterior form given by
the forces which may act upon it. In point of fact, the oil instantly
takes a globular form by virtue of molecular attraction. A vertical
axis being introduced through the box, with a small disc upon it,
so arranged that its centre is coincident with the centre of the globe
of oil, we turn the axis at a slow rate, and thus set the oil sphere
into rotation. * We then presently see the sphere flatten at its
poles and swell out at its equator, and we thus realize, on a small
scale, an effect which is admitted to have taken place in the pla-
nets.' The spherifying forces are of different natures, — that of
molecular attraction in the case of the oil, and of universal attrac-
tion in that of the planet, but the results are analogous, if not iden-
tical. ' Quickening the rotation makes the figure more oblately
spheroidal. When it comes to be so quick as two or three turns in
a second, the liquid sphere first takes rapidly its maximum of flat-
tening, then becomes hollow above and below, around the axis of
rotation, stretching out continually in a horizontal direction, and,
finally, abandoning the disc, is transformed into a perfectly regular
ring.* At first this remains connected with the disc by a thin
pellicle of oil, but, on the disc being stopped, this breaks and disap-
pears, and the ring becomes completely disengaged. The only
observable difference between the latter and the rings of Saturn la,
that it is rounded, instead of being flattened ; but this is accounted
for in a satisfactory way. A little after the stoppage of the rotary
motion of the disc, the ring of oil, losing its own motion, gathers
once more into a sphere. If, however, a smaller disc be used, and
its rotation continued after the separation of the ring, rotatory mo-
tion and centrifugal force will be generated in the alcoholic fluid, and
the oil ring, thus prevented from returning into the globular form,
divides itself into * several isolated masses, each of which immedrntely
takes the globular form.* These are almost always seen to assume,
at the instant of their formation, a movement of rotation upon them-
selves — a movement which constantly takes place in the same diretT
Hon as that of the ring. Moreover, as the ring, at the instant of its
rupture, had still a remainder of velocity, the spheres, to which it
has given birth, tend to fly off at a tangent ; but as, on the other
side, the disc, turning in the alcoholic liquor, has impressed on this

I i

142

APPENDIX

a moTement of rotation, the spheres are especially carried along by
this last morement, and revolmfor tome time round t^e disc. Those
<which revolve at the same time upon themselves, consequently then
present the curious spectacle oi plcmeta revolving at the same time
on themselves a)id in their orbits. Finally, another very curious
effect is also manifested in these circumstances : besides three of
four large spheres into which the ring resolves itself, there are al«
most always produced one or two very small ones, which may thus
be compared to satellites. The experiment which we have thus
described, presents as we see, an image in miniature of the forma-
tion of the planets, according to the hypothesis of Laplace, by the
rupture of the cosmieal ring, attributable to the condeaaatioa of th j
solar atmosphere/ "-^ Vestiges qfthe Natural History qf Crextio,^.

" My starting point was a statement of the arrangements of the
bodies of space, with a hypothesis respecting the mode in which
those arrangements had been effected. It is a mistake to suppose
this (uebular) hypothesis essential, as the basis of the entire system
of nature developed in my book. That basis lies in the material
laws found to prevail throughout the universe, which explain why
the masses of space are globular; why planets revolve round suns
in elliptical orbits; how their rates of speed are high in proportion
to their nearness to the centre of attraction ; and so forth. In these
laws arises the first powerfiil presumption that the formation and
arrangements of the celestial bodies were brought about by the
Divine will, aeOng in tli4 manner ofajixed order or laio, instead of
any mode which we conceive of as more arbitrary. It is a presump
tion which an enlightened mind is altogether unable to resist, when
it sees that precisely similar effects are every day produced by law
on a small scale, as when a drop of water spherifies, when the re-
volving hoop bulges out in the plane of its equator, and the sling,
swung round in the hand, increases in speed as the string is short-
ened. The philosopher, on observing these phenomena, and flndinpr
incontestable proof that they are precisely of the same nature as
those attending the formation and arrangement of worlds, learns
his first great lesson— that the natural laws work on the minutest
gjd the grandest scale indifferently; that, in fact, there is no such
thing as great and small in nature, but world spaces are as r hair-
breadth, and a thousand years as one day.

" It wonld strengthen the presumption, and, indeed, place it near

APPENDIX

143

to ascertained truths, if we were to obtain strong evidence for what
has hitherto been called the nebular hypothesis. The evidence for
it is sketched in the r«0%M; it is exhibited . . . in Professor
Niohol's Vima of the ArchUeeture (f the Semens. The position
held by this hypothesis in the philosophical world, when my book
was written, is shown, with tolerable distinctness, in the EdMurgh
Review for 1888, where it is spoken of in the following general
terms :— ' These views of the origm and destiny of the various sys-
tem of worlds which fill the immensity of space, break upon the
mind with all the interest of novelty, and M the hightness of truth.
Appealing to our imagination by their grandeur, and to our reason
by the severe principles on which, thep rest, the mind feels as if a
revelation had been vouchsafed to it of the past and future history
of the universe.'

"The chief objection taken to the theory is, that the existence of
nebulous matter in the heavens is disproved by the discoveries made
by the Earl of Rosse's telescope. By this wondrous tube, we are
told it is shown to be 'an unwarrantable assumption that there are
in the heavenly spaces any masses of matter different firom solid bod>
ies composing planetary systems.'* The fact ij, that the nebulte
were always understood to be of two kinds: 1, nebulta which were
only distant clusters, and which yielded, one after another, to the
resolving powers of telescopes, as these powers were increased ; 2,
nebulse comparatively near, which no increase of telescopic power
affected. Two classes of objects wholly different were, from their
partial resemblance, recognized by one name, and hence the con*
ftision which has arisen upon the subject."— £ep2a4t. of Vestiges.

Professor Niohol says, "For instance, the nebula in Orion is
visible to the naked eye, as also is the gorgeous one in Andromeda ;
while the largest instrument heretofore turned to them has given
no intimation that there light is stellar, but rather the contrary ;
although small stars are found buried amidst their mass. Now, if
Lord Rosse's telescope resolves these, and others with similar attri>
butes, such as some of the streaks among the following plates, we
•hall thereby be infbrmed that we have generalised too hastily from
the character of known firmaments."

''The foregoing being our grounds of bolicf in the existence of

* North British Review, iii., 477.

144

APPENDIX.

nebalsB — ^first, in a diffused or chaotic state, and again in a condition
proximate to pure stars; the only remaining point has reference to
nebulse in an intermediate state, — ^when the roundish masses seem
to have begun a process of organization or concentration, and car-
ried it onwards through several stages : a state to which we have
every variety of analogon in the various forms and densities of
cometic nuclei. Sir William Herschel certainly was not ignorant
that round or spherical clusters abound in the skies, which, when
first seen, present all the appearances of such nebulae — nay, he
grounded on the fact of their approximate sphericity and varying
degrees of concentration, some of the boldest and most engrossing
of his conjectures; nor would bo have doubted that multitude
which, even to his instruments, seemed only general lights, would,
in after times, be resolved ; but here, as before, the gist of the
question is not, can you resolve round nebulae never resolved be-
fore; but can you resulve such as, quite within the range of former
riaion, have continued intractable under the scrutiny of powers
which, judging from the average of our experience, must surpasa
what ought to have resolved them?" — Ejcplanations of Vestiges.

** Herschel was led to the conclusion, that among the ncbuls
which were visible in the heavens, there were some composed of
ohaotic matter, a hazy, luminous £[uid,'like that occasionally thrown
out fh)m comets on their approach to the sun.

"Among these chaotic masses ho discovered some in which the
evidences of condensation appeared manifest, while in others he
found a circular disc of light, with a bright nucleus in the centre.
Proceeding yet farther, he fuund well formed stars surrounded by a
misty halo, which presented all the characteristics of what hei now
oonceivcd to bo nebulous fluid. Some of the unformed nubulee were
of enormous extent, and among those partially condensed, such as
the nebula) with planetary discs, many were found so vast that their
magnitude would fill the space occupied by the sun and all its phk-
nets, forming a sphere with a diameter of more than 6000 millions of
miles. Uniting these and many other facts, the great astronomer
was finally brought to believe, that worlds and systems of worlda
might yet be in the process of formation, by the gradual condensa-
tion of this nebulous fluid, and that flrom this chaotic matter origi-
nally came the sun and all the fixed stars which crowd the heavens.
This theory, extended, but not modified, in the hands of Laplace, is

APPENDIX.

145

lUMfo toloooiiBt for nearly all tha phenomenft of the lolar iTttem.

*'For a loiy time, this bold and sublime speculation was looked
upon, even foj the wisest philosophers, with remarkable fkTOW.
The resolution of one or two nebulse (so classed hj Herschel,) with
the fifty-two feet reflector of Lord Rosse, has induced some persona
to abandon the theory, and to attempt to prove its utter impossibi*
lity. All that I have to say, is, that Herschel only adopted the
theory after he had resolved many hundreds of nebula into stars ;
and if there ever existed a reason for accepting the truth of this
remarkable speculation, that reason has been scaroelj in any de>
gree affected by recent discoveries.

"' I have examined a large number of the mysterious objects, float*
ing on the deep ocean of space like the faintest filmy clouds of light.
No power, however great, of the telescope, can accomplish the
slightest change in their appearance. So distant that their light
employs (in case they be clusters) hundreds of thousands of years
Q reaching the eye that gazes upon them, and so extensive, even
1 viewed from such a distance, as to fill the entire field of view
• .*!: _e telescope many times. Sirius, the brightest, and probably the
largest of all the fixed stars, with a diameter of more than a million
miles, and a distance of only a single unit, compared with the tens
of thousands which divide us from some of the nebula ; and yet
this vast globe, at this comparatively short distance, is an inappre*
ciable point in the field of the telescope."- -Mitchel.

APPENDIX I.

"The following discourses . . . were intended to explain
what is meant by the nature of man, when it is said that virtue
consists in following, and vice in deviating from it, and, by explain-
ing, to show that the assertion is true." Agnin, — " There are at
real and the mme kind of mdieationa in human nature, that we were
made for soci^tt/ and to do good to our fellow-ereaturee, ae that we
were intended to take care of our own l\fe and health, and private
food, and that the eame ol^ectione lie againet the one <f tiiete ateer-
Hone ae againet the other.

"Had conscience strength, as it has right; had it power, •• it
has manifest authority, it would absolutely govern the world. This

146

APPENDIX

gives U8 a fiirther view of the nature of man ; shews us whfll course
of life we were made for." .... "As in ciyil government the
constitution is broken in upon and violated by power'and strength
prevailing over authority ; so the constitutional man is broken in
upon knd violated by the lower faculties, or principles within, pre-
vailing over that, which is in its nature supreme over them all. "
Again, — '* It will as fully appear, that this our nature, i. e. constitu-
tion, is adapted to virtue, as from the idea of a watch it appears,
that its nature, t. e. constitution or system, is adapted to measure
time. What in iact or event commonly happens, is nothing to this
question. Every work of art is apt to be out of order ; but this is
80 far from being according to its system, that let the disorder in-
crease, and it will totally destroy it."

And he thinks, " that, from what appears, there is no ground
to assert, that those principles in the nature of man, which most
directly lead to promote the good of our fellow-creatures, are more
generally, or in a greater degree violated, than those which most
directly lead us to promote our own private good and happiness."
—Bishop Butter's Sermons on Human Nature and Preface.

APPENDIX J.

(/fw«f< <Atf foUvmng vsrs«t--omiUed by mistake— aft^ (he last verse

on page 61.)

How matchless that band.
Whose muscles expand,

Or contract, round the circle of sight.
To abridge or enlarge
The pupil's scant marge,

As we pass from bright day into night.

J ' II

How curious to find
The eye, from behind,

Swung forward by pully and chord,
That, on the sky's rim, *
Ton spire-top be seen,

No less than this green trampled sward.

APPENDIX.

147

Bat why linger more

On subjects, whose store

.' Of seeming a^ustments to endi

Abounds, in bird, brute,

Fish, insect, and fruit.

And far as life's empire extends.

Doth Qod lack the skill.
Or, further, the will.

To render his creature here blest t *
Is Death the one goal
Of all ; life man's whole v

Of being ; his dream of unrest f

And yet, when we see
The variety

Of boundless, benignant design,
Or seeming ; and look
Within the God's book,

The brain, on whose pages diyine

Is writ, by the hand
Of Qod, each command,

To reverence truth and do right,
Be kind, and still hope ;
Wo ask, if their scope,

When read in the heart's mello^ light,

Points not, through the* abyss
Of darkness, to this.

Eventual truth, right, and good f
Or shall he, who wore
Toil's garb, evermore

Be o'erlooked or forgotten by God ?

But if in the sky

He dwells, whom the cry

Of manifold misery mores.

I *< ■

148

1 1

APPENDIX.

If woe be the blight '*'

Of being — the night.

Whose permanence Ch>d disapprorciii.

Iflifehasaplan,
And good will to man

Stands clearly defined in the scheme :
Then, is the effect
Such, as we connect

With skill, power, and goodness- supreme t

Yet nature draws good
From all things : the food

Of life from the limbs of the dead
No blade runs to waste ;
The germ in the mast

By the sere leaves of autumn is fed.

But if not down here,
Exists there nowhere

In the empires of mind, time, or space,
A kingdom where good
Dies not in the bud

But ever unfolds, in rich grace.

By God-conferred power,
The bud into flower,

The flower into ripe, golden firuit.
To thus make it clear
At length, in each sphere,

That all things in goodness hare root.

'WS^ -

APPENDIX K.

I think it right to make some acknowledgments to the able
aatbor of an article in a late number of the WutmintUr Jieview, on
the book of Job, for some remarks on this subject : and here let me
•eknowledge my indebtedness to uiy author, to whom, oonieiowly
or unoonaciottsly, I may be voder any literary obligations.

-,s^,,.

■:-*'

APPENDIX

149

APPENDIX L. j

TTila^iBGod? TF%a< is natun t Wkaitnwe^ Wkaii§^
nature of oar mutual relations? Do we live in the puIsationB of
hia being, as the flower in the tree ? Or sitteth he in the circle of
the Hearens, spinning systems within systems through the aiure
firmament, and yet i 'tonally overseeing the minutest incident on
earth? Is I si. ted in his dealings wi > <<> Whence come
we, and whiiuei do \» . ^j ? To such questions what answers do we
get from reeuon f " Is it a pleasure to the Almighty that thou art
righteous : or a gain to him, that thou makest thy ways perfect be*
fore him ? " Or takes he satisfaction, on his own account, in the
obedience and praises of man t

" Is God-head allied

To the weakness of him he hath made V*

— Pagi 60.

Is the love of approval a weakness? Or is it untrue, or a low-
ering of the Divine, to suppose that he has pleasure in the
awe-struck admiration of man ? Is genuine greatness and noble*
ness affronted at the thought ? Does it anthropomorphose Deity t
How narrow is the compass of our positive knowledge!

APPENDIX M.

What is the end of worship ? The good it is calculated to do U8 ;
or the satisfaction it gives Qod ; or both? Worship is the outgo*
ing of the reverential feelings towards its object.

APPENDIX N.

But the "wind" in all its fluctuations, and "dreams" in their wild-
est vagaries, are themselves the result of causes adequate and
only adequate to their production.

[I. i

5 . !

^•■i

150

APPENDIX

APPENDIX O.

" Were there no stronger objections against" this doctrine
" than this universal contradiction which it offers to all hu-
man belief, conduct and language, to all judgments and feeUngs,
it would even then be more completely answered than it deserres.''

According to " Hume, a cause is merely the aggregate of cir-
cumstances constantly preceding in nature the production of any
9lhoi."—Joufrop'» Jniroduetion to JSthics.

We giro both sides. Let the thoughtful reader carefully dam
his own conclusion.

APPENDIX P.

That is, in the vety act of dreaming we ask, can it be a dream
when we see, Ac.

" The illusion of dreams is much more complete than that of the
most exquisite plays. We pass, in a second of time, from one
country to another, and persons who lived in the most different
ages of the world, are brought together in strange and incongmou*
confusion ." — Maowuh^

APPENDIX Q.
Swedenborg, for instaoioe.

APPENDIX R.

Manso, the friend of Tasso, had, says Mr. Hoole. ** an opportuni-
ty of examining the singular effects of Tasso's melancholy, and often
disputed him concerning a familiar spirit which he pretended con-
versed with him : Manso endeavored in vain to persuade his friend
that the whole was the illusion of a disturbed imagination ; but the
latter was strenuous in maintaining the reality of what he asserted,
and, to convince Manso, desired him to be present at one of the
mysterious conversations. Manso had tbe complaisance to meet
him the next day, and while they were engaged in discourse, on •
■udden he observed that Tasso kept his eyes fixed on a window, and

APPENDIX.

151

remained in a manner immorable; he called him by his name, bnt
received no answer; at last Tasso cried out, ' There is the finendly
spirit that is come to converse with me ; look ! and you will beoon-
vinced of all I have said.' Manso bet ' iiim with surprise; he
looked but saw nothing except the sunbeams darting through the
windows ; he cast his eyes all over the room, but could perceive
nothing ; and was just going to ask where the pretended spirit was,
when he heard Tasso speak with great earnestness, sometimes pot-
ting questions to the spirit, sometimes giving answers: delivering
the whole in such a pleasing manner, and in such elevated expres-
sions, that he listened with admiration, and had not the least incli-
nation to interrupt him. At last the uncommon conversation ended
with the departure of the spirit, as appeared by Tasso's own words,
who, turning to Manso, asked him if his doubts were removed.
Manso was more amazed than ever ; he scarce knew what to think
of his friend's situation, and waived any further conversation on the
subject." — Macnish's PhUoaophy of Sleep.

APPENDIX S,

" The tree is green and hard, not of its own natural virtue, but
simply because my eye and my hand are fashioned so as to discern
such and such appearances under such and such conditions." —

CarlyWa Essay on Novalia.

APPENDIX T.

See a clever artiele in a late number of the London Quarteriif,
on Biology, Ac.

APPENDIX U.

" The sun, attended by all its planets, satellites, and comets, is
sweeping through space towards a star in the constellation Heroalm
with a velocity which causes it to pass over a distance equal to
83,350,000 miles in every year . . with but one chance out of
400,000 that astronomers have been deceived." " The extension of
thelawofgravitation to the fixed stars .... settles forever
the fiu>t, that in the grand association of stars composing our olos-

152

APPENDIX.

ter, or, as we shall hereafter call it, our astral tyvtem, there must be
a MiKtr0 o/graeUy, as certainly as there is one to the solar system."
"The data for such an examination must be found in the direction
of the solar motion, and in that of the proper motion of the fixed
stars." . . ''After a profound examination, Maedler reached the
conclusion that Alcyone, the principal star in the group of the Pleia-
des, now occupies the centre ofgravUy, and is at present the sun aibout
which the universe cj stars composing our astral system are aU r<i'
mhing." — Mitchel,

: I

I. Hi

\\A

APPENDIX V. (to Page 107.) it

For the idealism of India, see the works of Sir William Jones.

APPENDIX V. (to Page 114.)

"Like as a star.
That maketh not haste,
That taketh not rest,
Be each one fulfilling
His God'given best."

— GOETHB IN CaBLTU.

APPENDIX W.

" Turgot said, 'He that has never doubted the existence of inat.
ter, may be assured he has no aptitude for metaphysical enquiries.'"

— Emerson.

Mr.Garlyle says, " In all (?) German systems, since the time of
Kant, it is a fundamental principle to deny the existence of matter ;
or rather, we should say, to believe it in a radically different s« ^se
from that in which the Scotch Philosopher, kc. Indeed, it is singu*
tar how widely diffused, and under what different aspects we meet
with it aoiong the most dissimilar classes of mankind. Our Bishop
Berkeley seems to have adopted ii from religious inducements;
Father Boscovich was led to a very cognate result . . . firom
merely mathematical consideration'). Of the ancient Pyrrho or the

APPENDIX.

163

modern Hume, we do not ipeak : but in the opposite end of the
earth, as Sir William Jones informs us, a similar theory of imme-
morial age, preyails among the Theologiana of Hindostan. JXmj,
Professor Stuart has declared his opinion, that whoever at som«
time of his life has not entertained this theory, may reckon that he
has shown no talent for metaphysical research.

" The Idealist boasts that his Philosophy is transcendental, that
is, 'ascending beyond the senses.' ... To a transcendentalist,
matter has an existence but only as a phenomenon : were toe not
there, neither would it be there ; it is a mere relation, or rather the
result of a relation between our liying souls and the great first
cause . . . Bring a sentient Being, with eyes a little diff.Tent,
with fingers ten times harder than mine, and to him that thing
which I call a tree shall be yellow and soft, as truly as to me it is
green and hard. Form his nervous structure in all points the re-
verse of mine, and this same tree shall not be combustible, or heat
producing, but dissoluble and cold producirg; not high and con-
vex, but deep and concave. There is, in fact, says Fichte, no tree
there, but only a manifestation of power from something which is
not I. ....

" But farther . . . according to these Kantean systems, the
organs of the mind too, what is called the understanding, are of no
less arbitrary, and, as it were, accidental a character than those of
the body .... there is no time and no space mit of the mind;
they are mere forms of man's spiritual being, laws under which his
thinking nature is constituted to act. This seems the hardest con-
clusion of all ; but it is an important one with Kant ; and is not given
forth as a dogma, but carefully deduced in his ' Cntii! der Reintn
Verrmnfff with great precision, and the strictest form of arguments"
—Essay on, Novalis.

Emerson says, " Idealism acquaints us with the total disparity
between the evidence of our own being and the evidence of the
world's being. . . Idealism sees the world in God. It beholds the
whole circle of persons and things, of actions and events, of coun-
try and religion, not as painfully accumulated, atom after atom,
act after act, in an aged creeping past, but as one vast picture,
which Gh)d paints on the instant eternity, for the contemplation of
the soul." — Essays.

"Kant," says Menzel, "had adopted a subjective knowledge of

154

APPENDIX

the objeotire world, and had pikt the two in snch relatioos with each
ottier, that we perceive an object indeed, but only according to sub*
jeotive laws of the reason within us, and that the object indeed ap>
neara to us only under the subjective conditions, but yet may be
■omething in itself. It was observed that this could lead to no ab«
solute knowledge, and the absolutists separated from the school.
Some became absolute subjectists, who directly denied the indepen-
dent existence of the objective world, which Kant had left in doubt;
others became absol ite objectists, who made the subjective percep-
tion dependent on the real existence of the object; others still
adopted an absolute identity between soul and nature, the subjeo-
tire and objective world, the perception and its object. . . .
To Schelling, mind and nature are alike mere emanations, phenom«
•na, manifestations of the divine idea." — German Literature.

** With God as it is a universal hebb, so is it an everlasting now.

And seest thou therein any glimpse of Ihmoktalitt

Is the lost Friend still mysteriously Here, even as we are Here
mysteriously with God." — Garltlb.

Causes are potent, (I think, I have seen it so stated,) in propor-
tion as they recede from the material towards the spiritual — water,
by its weight, i. e., invisible gravity; and as invisible steam.
What are heat, electricity, migaetiam ? My arm is moved by im-
ponderable, impalpable, invisible mind. Has matter, as such, any,
or what force ?

And are not the questions important, whether matter be the
creature of the mind; or the mind, the result of a certain organiza'
tion of matter ; or whether matter and mind — ^though a disease of
some of the material organs seems to weaken or confuse, and even-
tually to destroy, the thinking powers — be not distinct, and matter
merely furnish the organs through which the mind acts. On these
and other questions, to whatever side my impressions, as a Student
of Nature, or inclinations may lean, I wish the Reader to form aa
independent opinion ; as though, when not the advocate, in rhyme
or otherwise, of a particular dogma, I had no opinion of my own.

Is not our life a mystery I ** The man who cannot wonder, were
he President of innumerable Royal Societies, and carried the whole
Jfeeanique Celeste ... in his head, is but a pair of Speotaclee
behind which there is no ej9.'*— Sartor Beaartfiu.

APPENJ^IX.

155

ritheaeh

(tOBUb-

deedap-

may be
to no ab*
e school,
indepen-
in doubt;
re percep-
hers BtUl
le Bubjec-

. • •
, phenom-

ure.

Bting KOW.

. . • •

) are Hero

in propor-
,al — water,
lie steam.
jved by im-
such, any,

" To this one end of Discipline, all parts of nature conspire. A
noble thought perpetually suggests itself whether this end be not
the Final Cause of the Universe ; and whether nature outwardly
exists. It is a sufficient account of that appearance we call the
World, that God will teach a human mind, and so makes it the re>
ceiver of a certain number of congruent sensations, which we call
Bun and moon, man and womin, house and trade. In my utter
impotence to teat the authenticity of the report of my senses, to
know whether the iirpressions they make on me correspond with
outlaying objects, what difference does it make whether Orion is up
there in Hearen, &c. ... or, whether, w'bout relations of
time and space, the same appearances are inscribed in the con'^tant

faith of man"

whose " wheels and springs are all set to

the hypothesis of the permanence of nature."

"Nature is a discipline . . . space, time, society, <.bour,
climate, foud, locomotion, the animals, the mechanical forces, gire
us sincerest lessons, day by day, whose meaning is unlimited .
every property of matter is a school for the understanding, which
adds, divides, combines, measures." . . . "Meantime; E.'ison
transfers all these lessons into its own world of thought.' . . .
" Our dealing with sensible objects is a constant exercise in the ne*
cessary lessons of difference, of likeness, of order, of being and

seeming Proportioned to the importance of the organ

to be formed, is the extreme care with which its tuition is provided
.... What tedious training, day after day, year af '>r year.
. . . . to form the common sense; what continiml reproduction
of annoyances, inconveniences, dilemmas." .... "What a
searching preacher of self-command is the varying phenomenon of
Health."

The fossiliferous strata in an ascending sc .' '. <?ommencing from
the oldest to the most recent.'

PRIMARY.

Lower Silurian contains mvertebrate creatures: no land plants.
Upper SUurian — Oldest fossil jfi«A.

*For the subject-matter of this, see the "Manual " of Sir 0. Lyell,
whose very words are generally employed. In this list we give
A/ew of the (supposed) highest creatures in each stratum or group.

h .<

156

APPENDIX.

* Old Btd SandtUm^-ti^^ of fish with hud eorerittgi like
dMloniAn: oldest known r^tile^ Arehegosannu.

(Jarbon\f«ro%u — Reptiles.

Permian or Magnetian Limtttone Group — Thecodont Saurianf .

SECONDARY.

THat or Upper New Red — Batrschian Reptileii, probablj, tracks
of Birde in the supposed Trias of Connecticut, and two molar teethf
with " the characteristic mammalian test, the double fang."

Liae — Reptiles extraordinary in number, size, and structure.

Oolite — Saurians, fljing Saurians, three species of Mammalia.

Wealden — Reptiles of the genera Pterodactyl, Iguanodon, Me-
galosaurus, Emys, Ac.

Oretaeeoiia — A Marine formation. A rich Reptilian Fauna ; tur-
tles, oviparous Saurians, Pterodactyl.

TERTIARY. X
Eocene — " All the Mammalia of extinct species, and the greater
part of them of extinct genera."

Miocene — " All the Mammalia extinct."
Pliocene — "Nearly, if not all, the Mammalia extinct."
Pleistocene — " A majority of the Mammalia extinct ; but the ge-
nera corresponding with those now surriTing in," kc.

POST TERTIARY.
Pott-Pleistocene— " Bonea of quadrupeds, partly of extinct
■pecies."

Jiecent — " Hqpian remains and works of art. "|

* " The link sunplied bv the whole assemblage of imbedded fos-
sils, connecting as it does the paleontology of the Silurian and Car-
boniferous groups, is of the highest mterest, and equally 8trikin|^,
whether we regard the genera of corals or of shells. The spee%et
are almost all distinct."

t " Mr. Owen, to whom I have sho?rn a a st of the smaller tooth,
is not able to recognise its aflQnity with any mammalian type, recent
or extinct, known to him." — LyeU't Manual.

{ A " Monkey of the genus Macacus . . . and other Quad-
nunena ... in different stages of the Tertiary."— Zy«//.

IThat an animal has not yet been detected in a formation, is in
f no absolute proof that it does not exist, or hps not existed, in
it. Only two teeth seem to testify to the existonoe of Mammalia in
the Trias. New facts may antiquatc, (or may hare antiquated,) our
present knowledge, and yet not inruidate or disturb a broad gene-
ralisation ; or they may.

-7i

eorerittgt like

odont SauriuiB.

)robably, tracks
two molar teethf
ble feng."
nd structure.
>g of Mammalia.
IguanodoD, Me-

lian Fauna ; tur-

and the greater

xtinct."

inct ; but the ge-

'&c.

partly of extinct

J of imbedded fos-

Silurian and Car^

equally striking,

liella. The tpteiet

the smaller tooth,
aalian type, recent

and other Qnad-

I a formation, is in
bPB not existed, in
ce of Mammalia in
re antiquated,) our
^urb a oroad gene-

^^m^-^n ^

^n.