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1 2 3

■r

CIR

I PWSTJ

COMMON SCHOOL ACT8

■■'■.:;■; upper CANADA ;' -"^n^t^aU-e :u.

• ■ ■ ■ ■ • ■ AHD THE ^ '''■ -"'•'"' ■

FORMS, INSTRUCTIONS, AND REGULATIONS FOR '[_

EXECUTING THEIR PROVISIONS; !llL

'...,.,.. ... ' '■'*"' ■''' -i^^ *

TOOETHEE WITH THE

CIRCULARS ADDRESSED TO THE VARIOUS OFFICERS CONCERNED IN
THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE SCHOOL LAW :

. : '/""^ :..)-, ^z.: •. '^ ■ •>; ■ ';']'■■ zi ,';:•;

BT THE •.,,,. ,. .1,,- ...T r

'^SS^

'^■^""" .',.. 1 1 ,-n,..''\ ""T

III uJlMiiOiiD
TORONTOt^i w E;:^-.:.^r iMiny^ vT ..lY

PMSTEO FOR THE DKPAKTMKNT 0» JPUBUO IltSTRUCIlOK FOR UPPIR CANADA.

BT LOTIU. AND GIBSON,

-■^^ ^ 1853.

GENERAL CONTENTS.

00M3I0N SCHOOL ACT, ISin AND lim VICTORLV, CHAPTER *«.

PAGE

I. Common Sahool Trustees, 7

II. Common School Teachers, , H

III. Township Councils, • • • ' 19

IV. Municipal Councils and Boards of Trustees in Cities, Towns, and

Villages, 23

V. County Councils, 2Y

Vf . Boards of Public Instruciion, 29

VII. Local Superintendents of Schools 31

VIII. School Visitors, 35

IX. Chief Superintendent of Schools, 36

X. Council of Public Instruction, 39

XI. Miscclianeov 3 Provisions, 41

FORMS, INSTRUCTIONS, AND REGULATIONS.

I. Forms and Instructions for Trustees, 49

II. Forms and Instructions for Teachers, 52

III. Forms and Instructions for Township Councils, 53

IV. Forms and Instructions for Municipal Councils and Boards of

Trustees in Cities, Towns, and Villages, 55

V, Forms and Instructions for County Councils, Boards of Public

Instruction, and Local Superintendents of Schools, 56

VI. General Regulations for the Government of Common Schools, . 57
VII. List of School Books, &c., recommended by the Council of

Public Instruction, 63

CIRCULARS FROM THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OP SCHOOLS.

I. To the Wardens of Counties, 64

IL To the Town Reeves of Townships, 12

III. To Local Superintendents of Schools, 18

IV. To the Trustees of Common Schools, 87

V. To Teachers of Common Schools, 91

VI. To County Boards of PubUc Instructions—with Programme of

Examination and Form of Teacher's Certificate, 101

PAOE

as, and

, 36

rds of

Public

ools, . 57
icil of
63

[OOLS.

, , . . . 64

> • • • • I ^

> • t « t lO

• • • • • o7

I • t • • V X

ne of
.... 101

SrPPIEMENTARY COMMON SCHOOL ACT OF VVIEU CAN.IDA.
IGll. VICTORIA, CHAPTER 185.

General Remarks, 10<»

I. Boards of Trustees in Cities, Towns, and Villages, Hi;

II. Separate Schools, , 114

III. Common School Trustees lie

IV. Local Superintendents of Schools, Ill*

V. Miscellaneous Provisions, 121

An Act to Restore certain Rights to Parties therein named, 14tli

and 15th Victoria, chapter 111, 12^

CIRCULARS FROM THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOL^.

I. To Local Superintendents of Schools, 1 21^

II. To Trustees of Common Schools in Townships, 184

III. To Boards of School Trustees in Cities, Towns, and Villages,. . . 138

IV. To County Clerks, 141

SECO'TD EDITION.

Education Office,
Toronto, July, 1853.

' ■ (

ANNO DECIMO TERTIO ET DECIMO QUARTO ,

VICTORIA REGIN^.

' . •■ . 'I.- J.-

CAP. XLVIII.

Ad Act for the better EstabUsbment and maintenance of
Common Schools in Upper Canada.

■■■ ' IN DEX. • ' ■

Sections.

1. Election and Duties qf School Trustees 2 to 14

II. Common School Teachers and their Duties 15 to 17

III. Duties of Township Municipalities 18 to 20

IV. Duties of Councils and Trustees in CitieSt Toums, and

Incorporated Villages - 21 to 20

V . Duties of County Municipal Councils 27

VI. Constitution and Duties of County Boards of Public In-
struction 28 to 29

Vn. Diities of Local Superintendents of Schools 30 to 31

VIII. Duties of School Visitors 32 to 3S

IX. Duties of Chief Superintendent of Schools 34 to .'i5

X. Constitution and Dtties of Council of Public Instruction 36 to 38

XI. Miscellaneous Provisions 39 to 48

. ['i4th July, 1^50. i

WHEREAS it is expedient to make provision for „
the better establishment and maintenance of Com-
mon Schools in the several Villages, Towns, Cities, Townships and
Counties of Upper Canada : Be it therefore enacted, by the Queen's
Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the
Legislative Council and of the Legislative Assembly of the Province

of Canada, constituted and assembled by virtue of and under the
authority of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland, and intituled, An Act to re-wiite the
Provinces of Upper and Lotoer Canada^ and for the Government
Two Acts repeal- of Canada, And it is hereby enacted by the autho-
ed: ProTiso. yj^y ^f ^^iq same, that the Act of the Parliament of

this Province, passed in the seventh year of Her Majesty's reign,
intituled " An Act for the bettor Establishment and Maintenance of
Common Schools in Upper Canada," and also the Act passed in the
twelfth year of Her Majesty's reign, ch. 83, and intituled " An Act
for the better Establishment and Maintenance of Public Schools in
Upper Canada, and for repealing the present School Act," shall be,
and the same arc hereby repealed : Provided always, nevertheless,
firstly, that no Act or part of an Act repealed by either. of the Acts
hereby repealed, shall be revived by the passing of this Act : And
provided also, secondly, that the repeal of the said Acts shall not
oxtend or be construed to extend to any act done, any penalty incur-
red, or any proceeding had under the said Acta, or either of them :
All Khooi dlvi- ^^^ provided also, thirdly, that all School Sections
•innt, eieciionB, or othcr School divisions, together with all elections
oontractT" *c , and appointments to office, all agreements, contracts,
conflrmeti. assessments, and rate-bills, made under the autho-

rity of the said Acts, or of any preceding A .t, and not annulled by
the said Acts or by this Act, or by any of them, shall be valid and
in full force and binding upon all parties concerned, as if made under
the authority of this Act, and shall so continue until altered, modified,
or supersf^ded, according to the provisions of this Act: And provided
also, fourthly, that nothing herein contained shall affect the liability
of any District, County, City, Town, or Township Superintendent
of Common Schools, to the Municipal Corporation to which he would
otherwise be responsible for the same, for any moneys received by
iiim undr-r either of the said Acts ; but the liabilities of every such
Superintendent for such moneys shall be and remain as if this Act
had not been passed : And provided also, fifthly, that nothing in the
said Act secondly above recited, contained, shall extend, or be con-
strued to extend, to have repealed any Act of the Parliament of this
Province, whereby provision was made for the appropriation of
money from the consolidated revenue fund of this Province, for or
towards the establishment and maintenance of Common Schools in
this Province, or in any part thereof.

id under the

ed Kingdom

re-^nite the

Government

•y the autho-

arliament of

esty'e reign,

intenanee of

assed in the

Dd " An Act

I Schools in

t," shall be,

levertheless,

of the Acts

Act : And

3ts shall not

nalty incur-

r of them :

x)l Sections

all election?

s, contracts,

• the autho-

mnulled bv

e valid and

nade under

i, modified,

id provided

he liability

jrintendent

1 he would

eceived by

very such

this Act

ling' in the

or be eon-

nt of this

riation of

ee, for or

chools in

I. Election and Duties of School Trustees.

Annual School
ineetinfii to b«
held ihrougbGui
U. C. on ib«
■ecniitl W«dne»>
day in January at
lU o'clock, A. M.

II. And be it enacted, That the annual meetings
for the elections of School Trustees, as hereinafter
provided by this Act, shall be held in all the Villages,
Towns, Cities, and Townships of Upper Canada, on
the second Wednesday in January, in each year,
commencing at the hour of Ten of the clock in the forenoon.

III. And be it enacted. That in all School dlvi- One Trustee in
sions (except in Cities, Towns, and Incorporated fiSuSbll'^iecSl
Villages) which have been established according to >t eacb annual
law, and which have been caUed " School Sections," ®***°"' "••""«•
and in which there shall be three Trustees in office at the time this
Act shall come into force, one Trustee shall be elected to office at
each ensuing annual school meeting, in place of the one who shall
have been three years in office : Provided always, ptaviwo
that the same individual, if willing, may be re-
elected : And provided also, that no School Trustee
shall be re-elected, except by his own consent, during
the four years next after his going out of office.

Same
Individual inajr
be re-eleeied, bot
not williout bb
conaeat for four
yetra.

rV, And be it enacted. That whenever any sohool Mode of MiHnf
section shall be formed in any Township, as provided meeiing in a new
in the eighteenth section of this Act, the Clerk of ®*''*'' *•**»»•
the Township shall communicate to the person appointed to call the
first school meeting for the election of Trustees, the description and
number of such school section ; and such person shall, within twenty
days thereafter, prepare a notice in writing, describing such sectioB,
aiid appointing a time and place for the first school section meeting,
and shall cause copies of such notice to be posted in at least three
public places in such school section, at least six days before the time
of holding such meeting.

V. And be it enacted. That at every such first
school section meeting, the majority of the freehold-
ers or householders of such school section present,
shall elect one of their own number to preside over
the proceedings of such meeting, and shall also ap-
point a Secretary, whose duty it shall be to record all

Modeof proceed*
inv at the first
meeting in a new
Scliool aectioB.

Election of Chak-
uian and Secre-
tary.

Uuty of the Se-
cretary.

tho procoodings of such mooting ; and tlio Chair-
nuty of the n^an f^f 3„(.jj mectinj; shnll decide all nuoKtions of

order, siibjoft to an appeal to the meeting, and shall

givo tho casting, vote in case of an equality ot votes, and shall have

no vote oxcoj)t as Chairman, and shall take the votes in such manner

•ih shall bo desired by the majority of the eloetors present, and shall,

A poll tc bp at tho rocpiest of any two electors, grant a poll for

requl'st nf any FPfording the namcp of the voters by tho Secretary:

«.. eiectore. and it shall bo the duty of the eloetors present at

.^^iieh meeting, or a majority of them, to elect from the freeholders or

Tiuee Trusiees houj^elioldors in such section, three Trustees, who
robe elected.

Order ol reliritig
from office.

shall respectively continue in oilice as follows : —
tho last person elected .sluill eoutinuo in office until
the next ensuing annual school meeting in such sec-
tion, and until his successor is elected ; the second person elected,
finh year, and tho first person eiected, two years, from such next
Gnsuirtg annual school meeting, and until their successors aro elected
i*>oviao ; copy of respectively : Pn vided always, that a correct copy
of tho proceedings of such first school sQction meet-
ing, and of every annual school section mooting,
signed by tlio Chairman and Secr'^tary, shall be forth-
with transmitted by the Secretary to the Local
&jperi/iitendQnt Qf Sohools.

proft'edlhp^jo be
TratjBinittfd^lothe
Irtc it Siiperiitcn-
lifht of SpUoois.

■t .<

t*rbceedinga and
dutiea of annual
i^clKiol section
iiieetjiigs.

VI. And be it onaoted, That at every annual
school section meeting \i\ any Township, as autho-
rized and required to be held by the second section
of this Act, it shall be the duty of the freeholders or householders
of such section, present at suoh meeting, or a majority of them,—

fiWftion and du- Firstly. To elect a Chairman and Secretary, who

ties o» Ciiairinan , „ ^ ' , , . . ^ a i ^i '

md Secretary. shall perform the duties required oi the Chairman

and Secretary, by the fifth section of this Act.

To receive and
tteclde upoiv the
artnual flnanclal
repijrt of the
Trustees.

Secondly. To receive and decide upon the report
of the Trustees, as authorized and provided for by
the eighteenth clause of the twelfth section of this
Act.

1 elect one or Thirdly. To elect one or more persona as Trustee
or Trustees, to fill up the vacancy or vacancies m

id tho Cimir-
11 questions of
ii<(, and shall
nd .shall havo
such manner
)nt, and shall,
ant a poll for
ic Secretary:
ra present at
reoholdcrij or
'rustecs, who
s follows : —
in office until
f in such sec-
3rson elected,
)m such next
rs aro elected
. correct copy
sQction meet-
tion meeting,
shall be forth-
;o the Local

)very annual
ip, as autho-
cond section
ouseholders
of thorn,—

jretary, who
Chairman
lis Act.

the report
ided for by
kion of this

as Trustee
icancies in

the Trustee Corporation, according to law : Provided always, thai
no Teacher in such section shall hold the office of School Trustee.

Fourthly, To decide upon the manner in which *
tho salary of the Teacher or Teachers, and all tho
expenses connected with the operations of the School
or Schools, shall be provided for.

To decide upon
the manner of
providing for thp
expenies of ttie
Sctiool.

VII. And bo it enacted, That if any person offer- ,M<»*« of ebai

, ' , 1 , . lenging voters at

mg to vote at an annual or other school section meet- SciiuoT meetings.

ing, shall be challenged as unqualified by any legal voter in such
section, the Chairman presiding at such meeting shall require the per-
son 80 offering, to make the following declaration :— Declaration ra-
** I do declare and affirm that I am a freeholde. [or qu>'e«*-
" householder] in this school section, and that I am legally qualified
" to vote at this meeting." And every person making such declara-
tion, shall be permitted to vote on all questions proposed at such
meeting ; but if any person shall refuse to make such declaration,
his vote shall be rejected : Provided always, that Proviso : Penalty
every person who shall wilfully make a false deola- fo' ^^'j'"*., J
ration of his right to vote, shall be deemed guilty of and for voting
a misdemeanor, and punishable by fine or imprison- '"e«a"y«
ment, at the discretion of any Court of Quarter Sessions, or by a
penalty of not less than one pound five shillings, or more than two
pounds ten shillings, to be sued for and recovered, Mode of recover-
witli costs, by the Trustees of the school section, for Sd^iJ? apJifcZ
its use, before any Justice of the Peace, having ^oi"*
jurisdiction within such school section.

Penalty for refill-
ing to serve as
School Trustee.

VIII. And be it enacted, That if any person
chosen as Trustee, shall refuse to serve, he shall
forfeit the sum of one pound five shillings ; and every person so
chosen and not having refused to accept, who shall at any time refuse
or neglect to perform the duties of his office, shall forfeit the sum of
five pounds; which sum or sums may be sued for and recovered by
the Trustees of the school section, for its use, before any such Justice
of the Peace : Provided always, that any person Proviso: Mode
chosen as Trustee may resign with the consent
of his colleagues in office and of the Local Superin*
tendent, expressed in writing.
b3

and conditions of
resigning the of-
fice of Truftee.

JSSiVliotke J^T Au4 be it enacted, Tbut in ease no mu^uaj or
pf aopu^i school Other sohool section meetipg be b^ld for want <^f U^e
meeiing. proper notice, the Trustees' or other person whose

duty it was to^ive such notice, shall respeotjiye^y a|id imiividDally
Mode of recover- ^oT^it tlie sum of one pound 0ve ehilluigs, to b^ sued
ing and applying for and recovered for the purposes of such sohool
^ ' section, on the complaint o$ any resident in 9UCh
section, before any such Justice of the Peace : Provided always,
that in the default of the holding of any school section n^eeting, as
hereinbefore authorized by this Act, for want of the proper iM)ti^e,
then any two freeholders or householders in such seetion? arc hereby
Mode of calling authorized, within twenty days after the time at
which such ipeeting sbonld have been held, to call
such meeting by giving si>^ days' notice, to be posted
in at lefist three public places in such school section ;
and the n^eeting t\i\x^ caUed sb^U possess all the
power, and perform ^\ the duties of ^^^ ni^dting, ^n
the place of w)^iqb, \i s|iaU have be^n called^

X. And be it enacted, That the Trustees in each
school section shall he a Corporation, under the name
of ^ The Trustees of School Section^ J^Tumher — , in the TourngMp
Proviso: Such o/-—- — , in the County of ' ;" Provided
always, that no such Corporation of any school sec-
tion shall cease by reason of the want of Trustees,
but in case of such want, any two freeholders or householders of
such section shall have authority, by giving six day s*^ notice, to be
posted in at least three public places in such section, to call a meet-

M -. f 1—. „- ing of tk3 freeholders or householders, who shall

Mode of eiectinit •.,,,« .1

new Trustees, if proceed to elect three Trustees, m the mannerpre-

eeoeaiary. scribed in the fifth section of this Act, and the "rius-

tees thus elected shall hold and retire from office in the manner pre-
scribed for Trustees elected under the authority of the said fifth
section of this Act.

Ke "tt'Jfl ^^^ ^^ ^^ H ewote4f Ti^ftt, i^ wy am of ^^-
-ohdoi-hott??, ^renc§ ftf^ to the «ito of a, i^bool-Jiouw Ijetween ti^e

mjijority of the, Xru^tees^ of ^ school ^Qct^g* ^d a in^orit^ 0^ the
freeholdera or hou^^l^plders, at ^ s^ecif^ "i^Cj^ng oal^e^ foi t^t pu7-
pqso, eftoh |^arty sh^l o^op^o pne per^ a^ w^tratpri, w4 tJW! *W0
arbitrators thus chosen, and the local I9i)pv^4i^9'^ 'aQQI* OV 9^Y l^f^^

a school meeting
in default of the
annual meeting
not being called.

f duties and ponr-
rs of Eucti meet-
ing. ;. -:,..

Tri^stees to IM a
Cotporatiou.

Corporation iiot
to cease for want
want of Trustee

. ;(

no iMi^ii&Ji or
irw«»toft)»e
person whose
[ iqdivldQally
fs,tobQ sued
' suo}i school
Identin 9ueh
irided always,
I n^eetUisf, ^^
roper notiee,
^, arp herel^y

the tJBie at
held, U) pall
, to he posted
hppl fectlpB ;
jsess fill the
e m^^ting, ^n
iftUed,

stees in each

ider the name

le ToiDfiship

f Provided

school see-

if Trustees,

seholders of

lotice, to be

call a meet-

who shall

lannerpre-

ithe^s-

lanner pre-

said fifth

^twppn ti^e

9^, the

|lt^a,tptty-

tl^^twro

appointad hy hiw to ftot OP^ Mb hehulf, in ease of his inability to
!*t^iMJ»;Or ftffliipritjf flf tb#J»i pM fiRjiMy decide on the matter.

;jai. And bo it owMBted, Tl»t it^^hiOl bo U»e "d^ty gj^w »f ^iw-

pf the Trustee*, of 9f^chsobQQ)ipeot|o»; , .j..;. ,/ ,vri ..(^vi uiiu.)/ :a

Firstly. To ^ippoint one of themsplyp?. pr some JJJtSySSttttror'
other person, to be Seoretary-'troasurer to the Cof- lUs duties,
poration ; and it shall be the duty Of such ^ecret&ry-treasurer to
^ve such security for the correct and safe keeping and forthcoming
(when called for) of the papejs wjd money* belonging to the Cor-
poration, as may be required by a majority of the Trustees ; to ke<'p
9, record of all their proceedings), in a book procured for that purpose ;
to T-eceive and account fop all sohool moneys collected by rate-bill,
fiubsQpption. or otJ^rvfjise, from tho iniiabitants of such school sec-
tion t to disburse suoh nwnoys iasttcb manner ae may be directed by
the majority of the TrusteoiB»..,r.u,^; ..u.' ,i.ui,..> , i .j , ..

■■ Seeendh/. To appoint,- if they •shall thhiJt if expe- iJJtJffhliduSi
diem, a OoUectOi' (who may also be Sebretai^y-trea- ., ' ", ■'
surer), to collect l^e rcites they have imposed, Or shall impose upon
the inhabitants of their school section, or which this said inhabitants
may have subscribed j and to pay to such Collector, Hjg remuoera-
at the rate of not less than five or more tha^ ten per ■ *'od.
oent., on the moneyf/ ooUeeted by hiinftohis trouble in collecting";
»,nd every Colloptor 9hall givp aucb peparity m may collector to gite
•;»p satisfactory to the Trufrtiee^t wid shall have the wcurity. ^
^mo powers by; virtue of ^ yi^wrwit, signed by a coiiwor'^' , . .J
^ftfyority of the 'yj:v»»toe^ in. c^e<|ti^ the school-rate powvs.
PIT subspription, i^nd shaU proceed in the fame nuinneir as ordin»|jr
CJoJiU^ptorft of Qp*mty w»d TownsWp Tftte* or wapssments. . n

Third^f,. To take possession knd, have tljie custody ^"""^ J^*gjg
$nd safb kp^pii\? pf ^U Cqnrniop School propiprty, and nfekeeping
which may have been, acquired or ^iven for Cdmmop JoS^scSSofpro^
School j^u^ses in subh section, and to aoq^re aiid gwty ittUteirigi-
hold as a (^irpo^ticn, ti^ any tiifle wl^tsoever^ a^ij^ ,' .
land, moveable property, moneys Oir income fbr Commoii ^olibd put-
potes» nflAil tb« pwweii hienhy ghren^aU bit tak&n awaQr or i)no<$ified,
%CQovdi]ii9<tq i6.w^nd to apidy Hhofame aoonrdiBf toi tiM.tttiaMof

;.\)ji.v J

112

memiiJ? *'*°*' Fou/rthly» To do whatever they may judge exm-
' dient with regard to the building, repairing, renting,
warming,' furnishing and keeping in order i section school-house,
and its appendages, wood'house^ privies, enclosures, lands, and
moveable property, which shall be held by them, and for procuring
School appftratuB apparatus and text-books for their School; also, to
andbooka. rent, repair, furnish, warm, and keep in order a

school-house, and its appendages, if there be no suitable school-house
belonging to such section, or if a second school-house be required.

To employ
Teachers.

Fifthly. To contract with and employ all Teach-
ers for such school section, and determine the amount
of their salaries ; and to establish, if they shall deem it expedient,
ly, estabiiih a ^Y ^^^ ^^^ ^^ consent of the local Superintendent
female aciiooi. of Schools, both a female and male school in such
eection, each of which shall be subject to the same regulations and
obligations as common schools generally.

To give orders Sixthly, To give the Teacher or Teachers em-

lo Teachers for , •i,"''^! *., a

school moneys, ployed by them, the necessary order or orders upon

qMiifieOTrtcK ^® ^^^^ Superintendent for the School Fund appor-

era. tioned and payable to their school section : Provided

always, that the Trustees of any school section shall not give such

order in behalf of any Teacher who does not, at the time of giving

such order, hold a legal certificate of qualification.

To provide for
Ihe salaries of
Teachers and the
expenses of the
School, In the
manner desired
by a minority of
•cbool electors, at
a special meeUng.

Seventhly, To provide for the salaries of Teachers
and all other expenses of the School, in such man-
ner as may be desired by a majority of the freehold-
ers or householders of such section, at the annual
school meeting, or a special meeting called for that
purpose, and to employ all lawAil means, as provided
for by this Act, to collect the sum or sums required for such salaries
and other expenses ; and should the sums thus provided be insuffi-
cient to defray all the expenses of aucb School, the Trustees shall
How to provide ^^^® autiiority to assess and cause to be coUeoted
for deflciuncies. any additional rate, in order to pay the balano^of
the Teacher's salary, and other expenses of such School.

Vo Bj^* out a EigkOdy, To make out a list of the names of all
late-bill list and * ^ j u ^v i? ..i. a u i «

warrant for tlie persons rated by them for the School purposes of

Collector. ^.^^y^ section, and the amount payable by eaob, and

K judge expo"
iring, renting,
i school-house,
8, lands, and
for procuring
ihool ; also, to
)p in order a
) school-house
e be required.

•

loy all Teach-
ne the amount
I it expedient,
uperintendent
chool in such |
gulations and |

teachers em-
r orders upon
Fund appor-
in : Provided
lot give such
tne of giving

of Teachers ^

such man-

le freehold-

the annual

lUed for that

] as provided

loh salaries

be insuffi-

istees shall
coUeoted

balance of

les of all
iiposes of
Imob, and

Proviso : Such
raia-bill to be
payable monthly,
quarterly, half-
yearly, or yearly.

To apply to the
Township Coun-
cil ai their discre-
tion for the rais-
ing of school
moneys.

to annex to such list a Warrant, directed to the Collector of the
school section, for the collection of the several sums mentioned in
such list : Provided always, that any school-rate
imposed by Trustees, according to this Act, may bo
made payable monthly, quarterly, half-yearly, or
yearly, as they may think expedient.

JVinfhly. To apply to the Municipality of the
Township, or employ their own lawful authority, as
they may judge expedient, for the raising and col-
lecting of all sums authorized in the manner hoce-
inbefore provided, to be collected from the freeholders and house-
holders of such section, by rate, according to the valuation of taxa-
ble property, as expressed in the Assessor or Collector's Roll ; and
the Township Clerk or other officer having posses-
sion of such roll, is hereby required to allow any one
of the Trustees, or their authorized Collector, to
make a copy of such roll, as far as it shall relate to
their school section.

Tenthly. To exempt wholly or in part, from the
payment of school rates, such indigent persons as
they shall think proper, and the amount of the same
shall be a charge upon the other rateable inhabitants
of the school section, and shall not be deducted from
the salary of a Teacher.

Eleventhly. To sue for and recover by their name
of office, the amounts of school rates or subscriptions
due from persons residing without the limits of their
school section, and making default of payment.

Twelfthly. To appoint the place of each annual
school meeting, and to cause notices to be posted in
at least three public places of such section, at least
six. days before the time of holding such meeting ;
to call and give like notice of any special meeting of
the freeholders or householders of such section, for the filling up of
any vacancy in the Trustee Corporation, occasioned by death, remo-
val, or any other cause whatever, or for the selection of a new school
site, or for any other school purpose, as they may think proper ;
to specify the object or objects of such meeting ; Mode of conduct-
which meeting shall be organized, and its proceed- iS^.''^ * "**

Duty of Town-
ship Clerk or
other officer in
certain cases.

To exempt indi-
gent persons.

Teacher's salary
not to be leasened
thereby.

To sue defoulters
residing out Of
the school sec-
tion.'

To notify and fix
the place of the
annual school
meeting.

To call special
meetings.

''opy of the pri)-
ceedings to be
sent to the local
Superintendeiilut'
Mhools.

Continuance in
office of persona
elected to All va-
cancies.

ings recorded in the same manner, as those of an annual school meet-
ing ; and a copy of them, in like manner, shall be
transmitted to the Local Superintendent : Provided
always, that in case of a vacancy in the office of any
of the Trustees, during the period for which they
shall have been respectively elected, the person or
persons chosen to fill such vacancy, shall hold office
only for the unexpired term.

To admit persons Thirteenthly. To permit all residents in such seo-

froni 5to21 years . ^ « /. ^

of age to attetid ti(Jn between the ages oi five and cwenty-one years
certain^ condiiioRs °^ *ff^» ^° attend the school, so long as their conduct
shall be agreeable to the rules of such school, and
so long as the fees or rates required to be paid on their behalf are
Exeepiion io cer- ^^^V discharged : Provided always, that this require-
tain cases. ment shall not extend to the children of persons in

whose behalf a separate school shall have been established, accord-
incr to the nineteenth section of this act.

To visit the school
4cc

Fourteenthly, To visit the school from time to
time, and see that it is conducted according to the
regulations authorized by law.

To prohibit im- Fifteenthly. To see that no authorized books are

proper, and pro- i . i . i , i i .1 11

vide proper books used in the school, but that the pupils are duly sup-

foi the acbooi. pjjg^ ^jj.jj ^^ uniform series of text books, sanotlonod

and recommended according tu law ; and to procure, annually, for
the benefit of their school jeotion, some periodical devoted to
education.

Sixteenthly. To exercise all the corporate powers
vested in them by this Act, for the fulfilment of any
contract or agreement made by them ; and in case
any of the Trustees shall wilfully neglect or refuse
to exercise such powers, he or they shall be person-
ally responsible for the fulfilment of such contract or agreement.

To be personally
responsible in the
case of refusing
or neglecting to
exercise corpo-
rate powers for
the fulfilment of
contracts

Sevenieenthly. To appoint a Librarian, and to take
such steps as they may judge expedient, and as may

To appoint a
Librarian, and
provide for the

and'suppoft"of a ^® authorized according to laA^, for the establishment,

school library. safe-keeping, and proper management of a school

library, whenever provision shall have been made and carried into

effect for the establishment of school libraries.

il school mect-
nner, shall be-
nt : Provided
e office of any
r which they
the person or
lall hold office

s in suoh seo-
nty-one years
their conduct
\i school, and
ir behalf are
t this require-
of persons in
shed, accord-

from time to
Jrding to the

|ed books are

re duly sup-

sanotioDod

■nnually, for

devoted to

rate powers
nent of any
md in case
et or refuse
be person*
reement.

and to take
nd as may
blishment,
f a school
Tried into

To awertain the
number of resi-
dfint children of

the financial ac-
count is not satis-
factory to the
majority of the
meetihg.

Eighteenthly, To ascertain the number of chil-
dren between the ages of five and sixteen years
residing in their section on the thiicy-first day of ■«'•"«'«««•
December in each year ; and to cause to be prepared and read at
the annual meeting of their section, their annual To read the school
Bchool report for the year then terminating, which !S"chio'i*'me«-
report shall include, among other things prescribed '"g-
by law, a full and detailed account of ihe receipts and expenditures of
all school moneys received and expended in behalf of such section, for
any purpose whatsoever, during such year ; and if such account shall
not be satisfactory to a majority of the freeholders or proceeding in case
householders present at such meeting, then a majo-
rity of the said freeholders or householders shall
appoint one person, and the Trustees shall appoint
another ; and the two arbitrators thus appointed shall
examine the said account, and their decision respecting it shall be
final : or, if the two arbitrators thus appointed shall not be able to
agree, they shall select a third, and the decision of the majority of
the arbitrators so chosen shall be final ; and such arbitrators, or a
majority of them, shall have authority to collect, or cause to be col-
lected, whatever sum or sums may be awarded against any person or
persons by them, in the same manner and under the same regulations
as those according to which Trustees are authorized by the twelfth
section of this Act to collect school rates ; and the sum or sums
thus collected shall be expended in the same manner as are other
moneys for the Common School purposes of such section.

JVineteenthly, To prepare and transmit, or cause
to be prepared and transmitted annually, before the
fifteenth day of January, a report to the Local Super-
intendent ; which report shall be signed by the ma-
jority of the Trustees, and made according to a form
provided b the Chief Superintendent of Schools, and shall specify:

Ist. — The whole time the school in their section Contonts ofsueh
shall have been kept by a qualified Teacher during ~
the year ending the thirty-first day of the previous
December.

ne^r^iecfilTed 2ndly . — The amount of moneys received from the

and from what school fund, from local rates or contributions, and
expe"deri."** ''*'**' f^^™ other sources, distinguishing the same ; and

To prepare and
transmit, before
the 15th January,
the annual school
report to the local
Superint(;ndentof
Schools.

Time of keeping
the school open-

Number of resi-
dent children of
School age.

Attendance of
pupils in winter
and summer.

Average attend-
ance, both winter
and summer.

the manner in which all such moneys have been
expended. .. .. r ;

3rdly. The whole number of children residing in
the school section, over the age of live years, and
under the ago of sixteen ; the number of children
and young persons taught in the school in winter
and summer, distinguishing the sexes, and those
who are over and under sixteen years of age ; the
average attendance of pupils in both winter aiid
summer. '

ic'"''iSi5IIfoka 4thly.— The branches of education taught in the
used, public ex- school ; the number of pupils in each branch ; the
sUslectureB ^cT text-books used ; the number of public school exami-
nations, lectures, and visits, and by whom, and such
other information respecting the school premises, and library, as may
be required in the form of a report provided by the Chief Superin-
tendent of Schools.

i^*"!'fiiM reSrt ^^^* ^"** ^® ^^ enacted, That every Trustee of a
by a Trustee -, or Common School who shall knowingly sign a false
?igSl5d*mak! report, and every Teacher of a Common School who

ing false returns shall keep a false school register, or make a false
bv ft T6Bch6r o '

return, with the view of obtaining a larger sum than

the just proportion of school moneys coming to such Common

School, shall, for each offence, forfeit to the Common School Fund

of the Township, the sum of five pounds, and may be prosecuted

before any such Justice of the Peace, by any person whatever, and

convicted on the oath of any one credible witness otner than the

prosecutor, and if convicted, the said penalty shall, if not forthwith

paid, be levied with costs, by distress and sale of the goods and

chattels of the offender, under warrant of such Justice, and paid over

by him to the said Common School Fund, or the said offender shall

be liable to be tried and punished for the misdemeanor.

Foreign booits to XIV. And be it enacted, That no foreign books
be used only m ,,_,., , , „' . , „ i_ j

cQitain cases. m the English branches oi education shall be used

in any Model or Common School, without the express permission of
the Council of Public Instruction ; nor shall any pupil in any l ach
Parental and reii- School be required to read or study in or from any
gious rights pro- religious book, or join in any exercise of devo-
^^'^^^ tion or religion, which shall be objected to by his

Bys have been

ren residing' in
ve years, and
>er of children
ihool in winter
ces, and those
s of age ; the
h winter aiid

taught ih the
1 branch ; the

school exami-
(lom, and such
ibrary, as may
ihief Superin-

j Trustee of a

J sign a false

)n School who

make a false

•ger sum than

iich Common

School Fund

)e prosecuted

hatever, and

ner than the

not forthwith

goods and

nd paid over

ffender shall

reign books
lall be used
Grmission of
n any l ach
r from any
e of devo-
to by his

or her parents or guardians : Provided always, that, within this limi-
tation, pupils shall be allowed to receive such religious instruction
as their parents and guardians shall desire, according to the general
regulations which shall be provided according to law.

II, Common School Teachers, and their Duties.

XV. And be it enacted, That no Teacher shall cJ^SSefiued
be deemed a qualified Teacher within the meaning
of this Act, who shall not, at the time of his engaging witli the Trus-
tees, and applying for payment from the School Fund, lold a Certi-

I ficate of qualification, as hereinafter provided by this AJt ; Provided
always, that Certificates of qualification given by Proviso :
local Superintendents, shall be in force until the first of January, one
thousand eight hundred and fifty-one. /

XVI. And be it enacted. That it shall be the diicy Duties of Teachers,
of every Teacher of a Common School, — .^

Firstly, To teach diligently and faithfully ^1 the J",aw*a'!fd nc^rS
branches required to be taught in the School, accord- ment.
ing to the terms of his engagement with the frustees, and according
to the provisions of this Act.

Secondly, To keep the daily, weekly, and monthly
or quarterly registers of the School ; to maintain
proper order and discipline therein, according to the
forms and regulations which shall be provided ac-
cording to law ; also to keep a Visitors' book (which
the Trustees shall cause to be provided for that
purpose,) and he shall enter therein the visits made to his school, and
shall present such book to each Visitor, and request him to make
such remarks as may have been suggested by such visit.

Thirdly. To have, at the end of each quarter, a J^J, ''^exaSa-
public examination of his school, of which he shall tions, &c
give due notice, through the pupils, to their parents and guardians,
and the Trustees of the school, and of which ho shall also give
due notice to any School Visitors who shall reside in or adjacent to
such school section.

Fourthly, To furnish to the Local or Chief Super- j^",,"],7ti"/'Loca"i

intendent of Schools, when desired, any information nr cinnf super-

vvhich it may be in his power to give respecting any >"•»""•«•"
c

To keep registers'

To maintain dis-
cipline.

To keep a Visi-
tors' book, &c.

ProtecUoD oi
or disoiisml.

'niflflr connected with *u^

'''o deliver p.- „_

\ desired by tliem, »!»« T„.",! ' t?. ""'*'' "hen

jNd him the ^^XoZ"'^ZVT ^^ ^~ ^ We-

award between T^ "^ '^"""' ^''«" have f„U a" h 'V" ''" ""»™t
wave, that T i ■"' "•* ^""h award shaM T^J'^ *» """^^ an

- t

6
t
fa
1

th
of

or in anywise

the time of his
) order of the
f to the school:
11 times, when
Visitors access

Teacher shall
I mentioned in
n at the expi-
;eea shall have
ool, according
trided always,
Trustees and
) sum due to
jetween them,
irbitation, and
ither party in
nd appoint an
y requiring
•n the party
require the
e service of
his behalf,
lerving such
le is served
, name and
arbitration
or, and the
rintendent,
he cannot
make an
•ovided al-
igh, it shall
al award

To levy
inentB for com-
mon ichool pur-
poses, as desired
by trustees.

loan, al its dis-
cretion. Tor tile
purcliase and e-
rection of sebooi
buildings.

III. DuTiBs or Township Councils.

XVIII. And be it enacted, That it shall be the
V duty of the Municipality of each Township in Upper ship co*unS?8*"
Canada :

Firstly, To levy such sum, by assessment, upon
!the taxable property in any school section, for the
purchase of a school-site, the erection, repairs, rent-
ing and furnishing of a school-house, the purchase of
apparatus and text-books for the school, books for the library, salary
of the Teacher, as shall be desired by the Trustees of such school-
section, on behalf of the majority of the freeholders or householders at
a public meeting called for such purpose or purposes, as provided
for by the twelfth section of this Act : Provided al- j,^ autiioriae
ways, that such Municipality may, if it shall judge
expedient, grant to the Trustees of any school sec-
tion, on their application, authority to borrow any
sum or sums of money which may be necessary for
the purposes herein mentioned, in respect to school-sites, school-
houses and their appendages, or for the purchase or erection of a
Teacher's residence, and cause to be levied upon the taxable proper-
ty in such section, such sum in each year as shall be necessary for
the payment of the interest thereon, and as shall be sufficient to pay
off the principal within ten years.

Secondly. To levy, at its discretion, such sum or
sums as it shall judge expiedient for procuring the
site and for the erection and support of a Township
Model School, and for purchasing books for a Township Library, un-
der such regulations as shall be provided accordmg to law: Provided
always, that the members of the Township Munici- Members of tiie
pality shall be the Trustees of such Model School,
and shall possess the powers of Common School
Trustees in respect to all matters affecting such
Model School ; Provided also, that the Trustees of
any one or more Common Schools shall have author-
ity, at their discretion, and with the consent of such
Council, to merge their school or schools, into such Model School ;
and provided likewise, that tuition to student-teachers in such Model
School shall be free.

To establish a
Township Model
School, at its dis-
cretion.

Township Coun-
cils to be Trus-
tees of such Mo-
del School

One or more
Common Schols
may be merged
into the Model
School.

.^:

■V

To form new
school sections.

Thirdly, To form portions of the TownshipjWhere
no schools have been established, into school sec-
tions ; to appoint a person in each new school section to call the first
sciiool section meeting ; and to cause such person to bo notified in
the manner proscribed in the fourth section of this Act.

To alter und
uniic setioul sec-
tions under cer-
tain coiiditlous.

Fourthly. To alter any school section already
established, and to unite two or more school sections
into one, at the request of the majority of the free-
holders or householders in each of such sections, expressed at a
public meeting called by the Trustees for that purpose : Provided
First meeting for always, that the first election of Trustees in such
T7usie""7n an section, Consisting of two or more sections united,
united section. gjjaH be appointed and held in the same manner as
is provided for in the fourth section of this act in respect to
a new school section : Provided secondly, that any
alteration in the boundaries of a school section shall
not go into effect before the twenty-fifth day of
December next after the time when it shall have
been made ; nor shall any step be taken towards the
alteration of the boundaries of any school section,
nor any application be entertained for that purpose,
unless it shall clearly appear that all parties afieeted
by such alteration have been duly notified of such
intended step or application : Provided thirdly, that
the several parts of such united or altered school sec-
tions shall have the same claim to a share of the Com-
mon School Fund) to which they would have bten
entitled) had they not been altered or united : and
provided fourthly, that any school site, or school-house,
or other school property which shall not be required
in consequence of such alterations or union of school sections, shall
be disposed of, by sale or otherwise, in such a manner as a majority
of the freeholders or householders in the altered or united school
sections shall think proper, at a public meeting called for that pur-
pose, and the proceeds shall be applied to the erection of a new
school-house, or other Common School purposes of such united or
altered sections ; except that the inhabitants tranferred from one
school section to another, shall be entitled, for the Common School
purposes of the section to which they are attached, to such a propor-

A Iterations in
school sections
not to go into
effect before the
itfith December,
after alterutiou.

All parties con-
cerned 10 be ap-
prized of intend-
ed alterations in
school sections.

Privileges of al
tered sections se
cured.

Disposal and ap-
pHcation of pro-
perty of altered
school sections.

)wn8liip,where
to school seo-
to call the first
bo notified in
ct.

iction already
ohool sections
1 of the free-
Kpressed at a
se : Provided
istees in such
ictions united,
ne manner as
in respect to
idly, that any
I section shall
^-fifth day of

it shall have
n towards the
ihool section,
that purpose,
^rties afieeted
ified of 8Uoh

thirdly, that
d school sec-

of the Com-
d have been
united : and
ichool-ho'use,

be required
Qtions, shall

A a majority

nited school
r that pur-
of a new

»h united or
from one
ion School

h a propor-

tion of the proceeds of the disposal of sudh school house or other

Common School property, as the assessed value of their property

bears to that of the other inhabitants of the school section from

which they shall have been separated : Provided fifthly> that Union

school sections, consisting of parts of two or more Dillon school
_, , . 1 /. "ill 1 / J \.i wcuons rormea

Townships, may be formed and altered, (under the and altered by

conditions prescribed in this clause in respect to al- K Supefinieih
terations of other school sections,) by the Iteoves and denw.
Local Superintendent or Superintendents of the Townships out of
parts of which such sections are proposed to be formed, at a meet-
ing appointed for that purpose by any two of such Town Reeves ; of
which meeting the other party or parties authorized to act with
them shall be duly notified ; Provided, sixthly, that each union school
section composed of portions of adjoining Townships, shall, for all
purposes of Trustee elections and control, be deemed one 8cho<)l
section, and shall be considered, in respect to superintendence and
taxing for the erection of a school house, as belonging to the Town-
ship in which the school house may be situated.

Fifthly, To cause the Clerk of such Township,
to furnish the Local Superintendent of Schools with
a copy of all the proceedings of such Council relating
to the formation or alteration of school sections, all School assess
ments and other educational matters.

Ck>piei Af oeriaiB
proceedings to b«
Airaiihed.

May eetablisb
separate schools
for Protestants
Roman Catholios
and Coloured
People.

XIX. And be it enacted, That it shall bo the duty
of the Municipal Council of any Township, and of
the Board of School Trustees of any City, Town, or
incorporated Village, on the application in writing of
twelve or more resident heads of families, to authorize the establish-
ment of one or more separate schools for Protestants, Roman Catho-
lics or coloured people, and, in such case, it shall prescribe the limits
of the divisions or sections for such schools, and shall make the
same provision for the holding of the first meeting for the election of
Trustees of each such separate school or schools, as is provided in the
fourth section of this Act for holding the first school meeting in a
n&sfi school section : Provided always, that each such separate sohcj!
shall go into operation at the same time with alterations in schoc!
sections, and shall be under the same regulations in respect to the
persons for whom such school is permitted to be established, as are
c3

r ',

Manner of «i«et- Common Schools generally : Provided secondly, that
Meh MpTniic '° none but coloured people shall be allowed to vote
•ebooi Mciioni. for the election of Trustees of the separate school for
their children, and none but the parties petitioning for the estab^
lishment of, or sending children to a separate Protestant or Roman
Catholic school, shall vote at the election of Trustees of such school:
Provided thirdly, that each such separate Protestanti
tionini school ' or Roman Catholic, or coloured school shall be enti-
moneya to them. ^^^ ^ ghare in the school fund according to the aver-
age attendance of pupils attending each such separate school, (the
mean attendanceof pupils forbothsummerand winter boingtaken,) as
compared with the whole average attendance of pupils attending the
Common Schools in such City, Town, Village or Township: Provided
fourthly, that no Protestant separate school shall be allowed in any
school division except when the Teacher of the Common School is a
Roman Catholic, nor shall any Roman Catholic separate school be
allowed except when the Teacher of the Common School is a Pro-
Proviso as to testant. Provided fifthly, that the Trustees of the
certain retuma. Common School sections within the limits of which
such separate school section or sections shall have been formed, shall
not include the children attending such separate school or schools, in
their return of children of school age residing in their school sections.

May unile all the
Bchool sections
in a Township
under the man-
agement of one
Board of Trus-
tees, at the re-
quest of a major-
ty of the sections
concerned.

XX. And be it enacted. That whenever the ma-
jority of the resident householders of the several
school sections of any Township, at public meetings
called by Trustees for that purpose, shall desire to
abolish local school section divisions, and have all
their schools conducted under one system, und one
management, like the schools in Cities and Towns,
the Municipality of such Township shall have authority to comply
with their request thus expressed, by passing a By-law to that
efieot ; and all the Common Schools of such Township shall be
managed by one Board of Trustees, one of whom shall be chosen in
and for each ward of the Township, if the Township be divided into
wards, and if not then the whole number shall be chosen in and for
the whole Township, and invested with the same powers, and subject
to the same obligations, as are provided and required, in respect to
Trustees in Cities and Towi s, by the twenty-fourth section of this
Act.

i secondly, that
lowed to vote
»arate school for
for the estab'
tant or Roman
of such school:
rate Protestant,
>1 shall be enti-
ing to the aver-
te school, (the
oing taken,) as
i attending the
ship: Provided
allowed in any
ion School is a
rate school be
ehool is a Pro-
'rustees of the
imits of which
n formed, shall
1 or schools, in
shool sections.

ever the ma-

f the several

blic meetings

hall desire to

and have all

em, and one

and Towns,

ty to comply

■law to that

hip shall be

)e chosen in

divided into

n in and for

and subject

n respect to

tion of this

IV. Cou^f ciLS Ain> Trustbbs in Citibo, Towns, amo LvcoapoAATED
Villages, aud their Dvtibs. '

XXI. And be it enacted. That the Council or poweraorMani-
Common Council of each City or incorporated Town cipji ^*".f "^Jj^"
I in Upper Canada, shall be, and is hereby invested,
I within its limits and liberties as prescribed by law, and shall be
' subject to the seme obligations as are the Municipal Council of
each County and the Municipality of each Township by the eight-
eenth and twenty-seventii sections of this Act : Provided never-
theless, that the appointment of the Local Superintendent of Schools
for such City or Town, shall be made by the Board of SoLool Trus-
tees for such City or Town. ^ .

XXII. And be it enacted, That in each ward in- '^^J^l^f^' »®
to which any City or Town is, or shall be divided each ward ofCl-
according to law, two fit and proper persons shall "*** *"** Town*
be elected School Trustees by a majority of all the taxable inhab-
itants of such ward ; one of which Trustees (to be ^ode of retiriog
determined by lot, at the first Trustee meeting after f'««n oUce.
their election) shall retire fromofiice the second Wednesday of Janu-
ary following his election ; and the second of whom shall continue
in office one year longer, and until his successor is penona thua
elected ; and the persons thus elected shall form one g^JJJ* 5 '*TrIii
Board of School Trustees for such City or Town. teea.

One Truatee to
be elected in
each ward of a
City or Town,
the second Wed
nesday in Janu-
ary of each year.

XXIII. And be it enacted, That on the second
Wednesday in January of each year, at the time pre-
scribed by the second section of this Act, one fit and
proper person shall be elected Trustee in each ward
of every City and Town, and shall continue in oflice
two years, and until his succesRor is elected : Provided always, that
such election shall be held at the place where the last municipal
election was held for such ward, and under the di- Mode of faoidiitg
rection of the same returning officer, or, in his default, ■"«*> election,
of such person as the electors present shall choose ; and such elec-
tion shall be conducted in the same manner as an ordinary munici-
pal election in each ward of such City or Town. .1

XXIV. And be it enacted. That the Board of
School Trustees for each City and Town, shall be a

To be a corpora-
tion.

Duties of the
Board of TruB-
tses in each City
or Town. '

corporation under the name of « n,. r .

School Trustees of the cTZ /!! ^ ' ^°"^^ 'i/'

,. , in the County of.lJzf^Z^''^^'f

thereof may be called in the clZZZ 'J (^^^ first meeiin^

Trustee), and it shall be thX^Irr^l"' '^'^ ^^ -'

To appoint cer- Firgiht 'n« « • ' '

«.n «»„,.. ^c. n.anSeteta^T'''''"""'^'^ "»««»«■•. a Chair-
or moro collector, of XSfr"f"<'r'>^ ««'■-■«. -^^^^^^
"mes and place, of their meeto« «,??h '.' '"^ '° ^PP"'"' ""e

School aeconnts. ^ °" P"'<'««'l"n?8, and of keeping all tteilr

?"pSn" lo'""' *'""'««*• "?» take possesion of all rnn, c.

Common School purpce™ „32' „""* "i.^^^^^ <" '"oome'f^
talcen away or modified b; law ,tr"''^''r''y?'™>> shaU be
oood., „ the objects for 4cUhe7t:e''Ki:'i' ''™^' ■" *» P™"
Tomak,.,, ^. ^ °*'^* ■'"on given or acquired,

needful pron» JTurdly, To dn »,!,..

s;.VnTeK ^-t With" rl'^!:';:;zZ\T' ^^'^^ ^^p-

g;m.se« text- Sites and premises • buiS ^ • ''"^'"^ ^^^^^l
Tu , u warming and keeninr- ^i repairing, furnishinff,

sehool-houses, and its fr ?heir ?nn^ J" "''^^^ ^he school-house o^
movabiopr,p,r,^. ^^ ; the^^^^^^^ lands, enclosures Ld

and for the establishment and 1! ! ^PParatus and text-bool-s-
school libranes. ""' ""'^ mamtenanee of a school library *;

^S£VSlli! « f r '*^^- T« determine the numh« •
of Schools; em- ^"<^ ^^scription of schools whivtu^/' ^'^®«' ^^«d
P'o7 Teachers, and maintained in ucrCitTV^"" ^' '^^^"ished
«mni • u ^^ Teachers who sLil hi ^'^'' '■ ^^" T^^^her
employing them, the amounrofth.. ^^ ^"^P^cd, the terms of
which they are to perforr the s^'-^Tr^^'^^ '^^^Zi^s
Schools appointed bythemind h,'^^-''^ ^^^ Superintendent of

riie Board of

m) of I I

e first meeting

room by any

aner, a Chair-
hools, and one
to appoint the
illing them, of
eping" all tbeir

)mmon School
I Corporation

for Common
hatsoever ; to

or income for
iven shall be
e, oi the pro-
•r acquired.

I judge expe-

mting school

furnishing,

lool-house or

closures and

text-books;

)ol library or

sites, kind
established
he Teacher
e terms of
the duties
tendent of
)t, at their
in concur-
br uniting
with such

To appoint a
coininitteeof
three totaketlie
special charge of
each scbool.

To make an es-
timale of the ex-
penses of (be
schuois.

i Fifthly. To appoint annually, or oflener, if they
lehall judge expedient, for the special charge, over-
sight, and management of each school within such
City or Town, and under such regulations as they
shall think proper to prescribe, a committee of not
more than three persons for each school-

< Sixthly. To prepare from time to time, and lay
jfore the Municipal Council of such City or Tcwn,
m estimate of the sum or sums which they shall judge

[expedient, for paying the whole or part of the salaries of Teachers ;
for purchasing or renting school premises ; for building, renting,

! repairing warming, furnishing and keeping in order the school-houses
I id their appendages and grounds ; for procuring suitable apparatus

1 and text-books for the schools ; for the establishment and mainte-
nance of school libraries ; and for all the necessary expenses of the
schools under their charge ; and it shall be the duty jhe Miinicipat
of the Common Council or Council of such City or t^owcii to pro-

_ ^ , J , . , •' vide for sueh e»»

Town, to provide such sum or sums m such manner pensea.
9S shall be desired by said Board of School Trustees.

Seventhly, To levy at their discretion, any rates ^^^ '1*^,*^ aubeii
open the parents or guardiaivs of children attending discretion,
any school under their charge ; and to employ the same means tar
collecting such rates, as Trustees of Common Schools in any Towii>-
ship may do under the twelfth section of this Act : Provided
always, that all moneys thus collected shall be paid fhe 8uin« thaa
Into the hands of the Chamberlain or T'-easurer, of coMecteji to be
8Uoh City or Town for the Common School purposes Lnda of the
of the same, and shall be subject to the o-der of the Trewure'r?'" °'
said Board of School Trustees.

I Eighthly. To give orders to Teachers and other ^^ th'e'%?SS

school officers and creditors upon the Chamberlain of Teachers, itc.
or Treasurer of such City or Town, for the sum
or sums which shall be due them.

JVinthly, To call and give notice of annual and JjJial *"'Si'oSi

; special school meetings of the taxable inhabitants of meetings.

' such City or Town, or of any Ward in it, in the same manner and

under the same regulations as are prescribed in the twelfth sect''>n

of this Act, for the appointment of annual and special school meet-

1:1

Continuance in
office of persons
elected i« fill va-
cancies.

To see that the
pupils are duly
supplied with
p'opertextbeolis,
dsc.

To have thetr
■ebool condui'Uid
according to law.

To prepare and

ish annual

reports,

publi
school

ings in the school sections of Townships : Provided
always, that any person elected at any special ward
school meeting, to fill a vacancy which shall have
occurred in the Board of Trustees, from any cause whatever, shall
hold ofl[ice only during the unexpired part of the term for which the
person whose place shall have become vacant, was elected to serve.

Tenthly, To see that all the pupils in the schools
are duly supplied with an uniform series of autho-
rized text-books ; to appoint a Librarian, and take
charge of the school library or libraries, whenever
established.

Eleventhly, To see that all the schools under their
charge are conducted, according to the regulations
authorized by law ; and, at the close of ich year,
to prepare and publish, in one or more of the public
papers, or otherwise, for the information of the in-
habitants of such City or Town, an annual report of their proceed-
ings, and of the progress and state of the schools under their charge ;
of the receipts and expenditure of all school moneys ; and to pre-
To prepare and P^^^ ^^d transmit annually, before the fifteenth of
transmit an an- January, to the Chief Superintendent of Schools, a

nual report to ihe •". ,, .'^. „ , m i

CbiefSuperinten- report. Signed by a majority of the Trustees, and
dent of Schuois. containing all the information required in the reports
of Common School Trustees, by the tv, elfth section of this Act, and
any additional items of information which may be lawful^^' required,
Contents of such ®^^^ made according to a form which shall be pro-
report, vidod for that purpose by the Chief Superintendent
of Schools. , . .

Ji^rco"undis"ln ^^^' ^^^ ^® ^* enacted. That the Municipality
incorporated vii- of evcry incorporated Village, shall possess and
**•*"' exercise all the powers, and be subject to all the

obligations with regard to the levying and raising of moneys for
Comirin School purposes, and for the establishment and maintenance
of school libraries, within the limits of such incorporated Village, as
are confe-red and imposed by this Act upon the Municipal Corp6ra-
Pirst election of ^*°"^ ^^ Cities : Provided always, that on the second
trustees in such Wednesday in January, one thousand eight hundred
w^liMday" "in ^^^ fifty-onc, in each such incorporated Village, at
January, 1851. the place of the then last annual election of Counoil-

the
ioj
the
an(

wii
ko\

«du

ips ; Provided
y special ward
ich shall have
vhatever, shall
for which the
>eted to serve.

in the schools
iries of autho-
ian, and take
ies, whenever

)ls under their

he regulations

of ' ich year,

3 of the public

ion of the in-

their prooeed-

their charge ;

; and to pre-

te fifteenth of

of Schools, a

i'rustees, and

in the reports

this Act, and

i)i" required,

hall be pro-

iperintendeint

[unicipality
possess and
it to all the
moneys for
[laintenanoe
Village, as
il Corpdra-
|the second
t hundred
'"illage, at
bf Council-

he elected in eacb
incorporated vU-
age.

Mode of retire-
ment from oflke.

iors, there shall be a meeting of the taxable inhabitants of such

Incorporated Village, and which meeting shall be „

jorganized and conducted in the same manner as is tioos to be held

j)re8oribed m the twenty-third section of this Act, ■"•* conducted.

ibr the conducting of annual school meetings in the wards of Cities

jpid Towns ; and at such meeting, six fit and proper Six Tmatecs to

arsons, from among the resident freeholders or

)iou8eholders, shall be elected School Trustees for

^uoh incorporated Village ; and the persons thus

jhosen shall be divided by lot into three classes, of

i^wo individuals each, to be numbered one, two, three ; the first class

Iphall hold ofiice one year, the second, two years, and the third, three

^ears, and until their successors are elected; but each Trustee retiring

|rom ofiice shall be eligible to be re-elected with his own consent :

^provided secondly, that there shall be a like school Two Tmateee to

pieeting annually in each such incorporated Village, Jj,aJJJ*'* JmSai

.|lt which two persons shall be chosen Trustees, in school meeting.

jj;he place of the two retiring from ofiice, and shall continue in office

Itwo years, and until their successors are elected : Provided thirdly,

that the firnt annual school meeting in each inoorpo- „ . , ...

, ,_.„ , „ , ,, 1 , 7 m « Mode of calling

fated Village, shall be called by the Town-reeve of the first annual

^uoh Village, who shall cause notices to be posted in ■*'"^' n*"*''*'-

^t least six public places of such Village, at least six days before

|the time of holding such meeting.

* XXVI, And be it enacted, That the Trustees
Elected in each incorporated Village, according to
Ihe provisions of the preceding section, shall succeed
io all the rights, powers, obligations and liabilities of
fhe present Trustees of such incorporated Village,
and shall be a Corporation under the title of the
^Ejard of School Trustees of the incorporated Vil-

^S^ ^f > *'* t^^ County of ;" and shall possess

fell the powers, and be subject to all the obligations,
Within the limits of such incorporated Village, as are
Conferred and imposed by the twenty-fourth section
t)f this Act, upon the Trustees of Cities and Towns.

The tru<ii..crithu8
elected in each
incorporated vil-
lage to succeed to
all the rights, ob-
ligations, fcc, of
the present trus-
tees.

To be a corpora-
tion.

Their powers,
obligations, and
dutiKS the same
as ihuse of trus-
tees in cities and
towns.

V. DuTiKs OF Cou>'Tr Municipal Councils.

• XXVII. And be it enacted. That it shall bo the
(duty of the Municipal Council of each County :

Duties of count V
councils.

\ i

To raiie by a«- Firstly, To cause to bo levied each year upon the
year, a sum equal several Townships of such County, such sum or
l^hooi Vr?nt**al.! s""*^ of money for the payment of the salaries of
portioned to such legally qualified Common School Teachers as shall
county. ^^ least be equal (clear of all charges of collection)

to the amount of school money apportioned to the several Townships
thereof for such year, by the Chief Superintendent of Schools, as
notified by him to such Council, through the County Clerk : Provided
always, that the sum or sums so levied, may be
increased at the discretion of such Council, either
to increase the County School Fund, or to give spe-
cial or additional aid to new or needy school sections,
V. i the recommendation of one or more Local Super-
intendents: Provided also, that the* sum required to
be levied in such County in each year, for the salaries
of legally qualified Teachers, shall be collected and
paid into the hands of the County Treasurer, on or
before the fourteenth day of December ; and pro-
vided likewise, that in case of the non-payment of
any part of such sum into the hands of the County
Treasurer at that time, no Teacher shall, upon appli-
cation, be refused the payment of the sum to which
ho may be entitled from such year's County School
Fund, but the County Treasurer shall pay any local
Superintendent's lawful order in behalf of such
Teacher, in anticipation of the payment of the
County School assessment ; and the County Council shall make the
necessary provision to enable the County Treasurer to pay the
amount of such lawful order.

Such sum may be
increased at the
discretion of the
council ; and the
additional sum
raised maybe dis-
posed of at the
pleasure of the
council, to aid poof
achool sections or
increase the couQ-
ty school fund.

Time for the pay-
ment of the coun-
ty school assess-
ment.

No teacher to be
refused the pay-
ment of his due,
on account of the
non-coUeetion of
any part of the
county school as-
sessment.

Secondly. To raise by assessment, such sum or

To raise money

for County Com- . , „ . , ,. „ ,

mon School Li- sums 01 monoy, as it shall judge expedient, for the

^'*'^* establishment and maintenance of a Countv Common

To appoint local
Superintendents
of Sehools, and
provide for their
salaries.

by the thirtieth
salaries of such

School Library.

Thirdly. To appoint annually, a Local Superinten-
dent of Schools for the whole County, or for any
one or more Townships in such County, as it shall
judge expedient ; to fix (within the limits prescribed
section of this Act), and provide for the salary or
Local Superintendent or Superintendents: Provided

■liar a

uti
20

;n^

1 1

ir upon the

ch sum OT

salaries of

ers as shaD

coUection)

Townships

Schools, as

: : Provided

ed, may be

mcil, either

to give spc-

ool sections,

iocal Super-

i required to

r the salaries

olleoted and

asurer, on or

r ; and pro-

i-payment of

[ the County

I, upon appli-

1 to which

unty School

ay any local

If of such

ent of the

all make the

to pay the

always, that no such Local Superintendent shall have
the oversight of more than one hundred Schools ;
and provided also, that the County Clerk shall forth-
with notify the Chief Superintendent of Schools of
the appointment and address of each such Local
Superintendent, and of the County Treasurer : and
shall likewise furnish him with a copy of all pro-
eoodings of such Council, relating to School assess-
ments and other educational matters.

No local SuperiD'
tendent to have
charge of more
than 100 schools.

County clerk to
notify the Chief
Superintend -"t of
schools the
names ai.«i ad-
dress of local Su-
perintendents, al-
so of Ihe name
and address of the
county Treasurer.

To secure nil
school moneys.

To see that no
deduction be
made from the
county common
school fund.

Fourthly. To see that sufficient security bo given
by all officers of such Council to whom School mo-
neys shall bo entrusted ; to see that no deduction bo
made from the School^ Fund by tho County Treasu-
rer or Sub-treasurer, for tho receipt and payment of
School moneys ; to appoint, if it shall judge expe-
dient, one or more Sub-treasurers of School moneys, for ono or more
Townships of such County: Provided always, that To appoint a suu-
cach such Sub-treasurer shall bo subject to tho !!^t^"/" „,„ ?5

•> school moneys at

same responsibilities and obligations in respect to tho its discretion,
accounting for School moneys and tho payment of lawful orders for
such moneys given by any Local Superintendent within tho parts of
the County for which he is appointed Sub-treasurer, as are imposed
by this Act upon each County Treasurer, in respect to the paying
and accounting for School moneys.

i Fifthly^ To appoint annually, or oftener, Auditors,
whose duty it shall be to audit the accounts of the
County Treasurer and other officers to whom school moneys shall
have been intrusted, and report to such Council ; and the County
Clerk shall transmit to the Chief Superintendent of county ciork
5ueh sum or Schools, on or before the first day of March in each
lent, for the , year, a certified copy of the abstract of such report,
ntv Common |and also give any explanations relating thereto, as
■ I far as he is able, which may be required by the
I Chief Superintendent.

To cause the
school accounts
to be audited, &c.

transmit to the
Chief Superinten-
dnnt an ibstract
of such accounts,
&c.

I Superinten-
or for any
as it shall
ts prescribed
mo salarv or
Ls: Provided

vi. cojvstitdtion and duties of the coukty boards of public

Instruction.

XXVIII And bo it enacted, That the Board of

Trustees for the County Grammar School and the

Trustees of the
county grammar
schuol and local

fo***clmS£to* a ^^'^ Superintendent or Superintendents of Schools
<Siint7 bowrd of in each Countyi shall constitute a Board of Public
BfJ« 'thr"*OTS Instruction for such County : Provided always, that
county board majr where there Is more than one Grammar School
wrtffi*?i!Sl* *° in a County, the County Council shall have
authority to divide such County into as many
Circuits as there are County Grammar Schools, and the Trustees of
each County Grammar School and the Local Superintendent or Su-
perintendents of Schools in each circuit, shall be a Board of Public
Three (including lustrucMon for such circuit *. Provided also, that at
any lawful meeting of such Board, not less than three
members, including a Local Superintendent of
Schools, shall constitute a quorum for examining
and giving certificates of qualification to Common
School Teachers, and not less than five members shall constitute a
lacidenui expen* quorum for the transaction of any other business :
by "the "^SJ Provided likewise, that the incidental expenses con-
council, nected with the meeting and proceedings of each
County Board of Public Instruction shall be provided for by the Mu-
nicipal Council of such County.

Duties of each XXIX. And be it enacted, That it shall be the

county board of , <<• -n i n -n • f t

public instrucUon duty of each County Board of Public Instruction :

a superintendent)
to be a quorum
for the examina-
tion of teachers —
five for other pur-
poses.

To meet quarter-
ly, &c.

To examine and
give certificates
of qualification to
teachers.

Firstly, To meet not less than four times a year ;
to determine the time and places of its own meet-
ings, and the order of its proceedings, and the man-
ner of recording them.

Secondly^ To examine and give certificates of
qualification to Teachers of Common Schools, ar%
ranging such Teachers into three classes according
to their attainments and ability, as shall be prescribed in a pro-
gramme of examination and instructions to be provided according
to law : also to annul any such certificate as it shall judge expe-
Proviso : j^gut : Provldod always, that no certificate of quali-

Svetro'ofof good ficatiou shall be given to any person as a Teacher,
moral character; ^Ijq g^all not fumish satisfactory proof of ffOOd

must be a British ulu.

subject. moral character ; nor to any person who shall not,

at the time of applying for such certificate of qualification, be a na-
tural born or naturalized subject of Her Majesty, or who shall not,

f Schools
of Public
rayS) that
r School
tall have
as many
rustees of
mt or Su-
of Public
0, that at
than three
sndent of
examining
> Common
onslitute a
business :
enses con-
gs of each
y the Mu-

lall be the
istruction :

es a year ;
own meet-
Id the man-

tificates of
Ichools, ar^
according
in a pro-
according
ludge expe-
te of quali-
|a Teacher,
if of good
shall not,
in, be a na-
shall not,

produce a certificate of having taken the oath of allegiance to Her
Majesty, before some one of Her Majesty's Justices of the Peace for
the County in which he shall be a resident ; and all Justices of the
Peace are hereby authorized to administer such oath of allegiance :
Provided also, that any such certificate of qualifica- grtiflcate may
tion, shall be general, as regards the County, or mited?*'
limited as to time or place, at the pleasure of the majority of the
members of the County Board of Public Instruction present at such
examination : Provided likewise, that every such ^^g^ ^^^^ jj,e
certificate shall have the signature of at least one signature of one

I 1 c ■ i 1 ^ p o u 1 local Superinten-

local Supermtendent of Schools. dent of schoou.

Thirdly. To select (if deemed expedient), from bookJKchSil"
a list of text-books recommended or authorized by from the general
the Council of Public Instruction, such books as V'horized list,
they shall think best adapted for the use of the Common Schools of
such County or Circuit : and to ascertain and re- To facilitate the
commend the best facilities for procuring such books. SoSS!*"^ °^ *"^**

Fourthly. To ad >pt all such lawful means in
their power as they shall judge expedient, to advance
the interests and usefulness of Common Schools, to
promote the establishment of School Libraries, and
to diffuse useful knowledge in such County or
Circuit.

To provide for
the establishment
of acounty school
library.

To promote the
Interests of

schools and the
diffusion of useful

knowledge geaer'
ally.

VII, Duties of Local Superintendents op Schools.

And be it enacted, that each Local Su- Local superinten-

perintendent of Common Schools, appointed as pro- To be cntuied \o

vided for in the twenty-seventh section of this Act, a''f™"nerationof

shall be entitled, annually, to not less than one pound per school

pound currency per School placed under his charge, «nd« his charge,
together with any additional remuneration or allowance which the

Council appointing him shall grant : and such Su- n^ u .^

J r t_ II 1 .11 . . . To be paid qoar-

perntendent shall be paid the same in quarterly m- teriy by the trea
stalments by the County Treasurer.

XXXI. And be it enacted. That it shall be the
duty of each Local Superintendent of Schools :

•urer of tbecoun*

Dutiec of Local
Superintendents
of Scboolc.

Todiitribute the
coipmon school
t'uod among the
several school
k^ctiorii 'decora*
in^ t6 the ratio pf
attendance,unles8
otherwise direct-
ed.

First, As soon as he shall have received from
the County Clerk « notification of the amount of
money apportioned to the Township or Townships
within the limits of his charge) to apportion the
same (unless otherwise instructed by tho Chief Su-
perintendent of Schools), among the soveil school
sections entitled, to receive it, according to the rat.c-s of ihu average
attendance of pupils attending each Common SchcDi, (the mean
attendance of pupils for both summer and winter being taken), as
campared with the whole average number of pupils attending the
Common Schools of such Township.

Oil the order of
trustets to give
("f.equos to teach-
ers upon the
rrnintry or snb-
»')iinty treasurer
for school 1110-
rii'v,';.

txinditions of
giving such

rl'.equos.

Secondly. To give to any qualified Teacher, and
10 no other, on the order of the Trustees of any
school section, a cheque upon the County Treasurer
or sub-Treasurer, for any sum or sums of money
apportioned and due to such section : Provided al-
ways, that he shall not pay any such order of the
Trustees of any school section, from whom no sa-
lisfactory annual school report shall have been received for the year
ending the last day of the December preceding ; nor unless it shall
appear by such report, that a school has been kept by a qualified
'J'eacher in such section for at least six months during the year
Such conditions ending at the date of such report : Provided also,
reW 'schiol^seS ^^^^ ^^® foregoing condition shall not apply to the
t:ons. order or orders of Trustees in any new echool sec-

tion, for money apportioned and due to such section,

lo visit each Thirdly. To visit each Common School within

sci-.ool at least , . . . ,V . , . , ,

ouce ji-quarter. his jurisdiction, at Icast oncc m each quarter ; and
Duties at such at the time of cach such visit to examine into the

visitations 1. I oi 1 1

State and condition of the School, as respects the
progress of the pupils in learning, the order and discipline observed,
tiie system of instruction pursued, the mode of keeping the school
registers, the average attendance of pupils, the character and con-
dition of the building and premises, and to give such advice as he
shall judge proper. • • '

To deliver a pub- Fourthly, To deliver in each school section, at

lie l6ctiirc in Ccicti

school section at least once a-ycar, a public lecture on some subject
least once a-year, connected With the objects, principles, and means of

eived from

amoudt of

rownehips

ortion the

Chief Su-

iil school

hu average

(the mean

taken), as

jnding the

}acher, and
ees of any
r Treasurer
of money
'rovidod al-
rderof the
lom no sa-
fer the year
less it shall
a qualified
ior the year
vided also,
ply to the
school see-
ch section.

lool within
larter ; and
le into the
ispects the
|e observed,
the school
|r and con-
vice as he

[section, at

le subject

Id means of

of practical education ; and to do all In his power jJjP'J* <>' »«»«»»
to persuade and animate parents, guardiansi Trustees other duUe*.
and Teachers, to improve the character and efficiency of the Com-
mon Schools, and secure the universal and sound education of the
young.

Fifthly. To see that all the schools are managed
and conducted according to law ; to prevent the
use of unauthorized, and to recommend the use of
authorized books in each school ; to acquire and
give information as to the manner in which such
authorized books can be obtained, and the economy
and advantages of using them.

Sixthly, To attend the meetings of the County
Board of Public Instruction ; to meet and confer
with the Chief Superintendent of Schools at such
time and place as he may appoint when making an
official visit to such county, for the promotion of the
interests of Education.

To enforce the
law.

To recommend
the uie of author-
ized text-books i
and to facilitate
the procuring of
them.

Seventhly. To attend the Arbitrations, and to
meet the Townreeves as provided for in the twelfth
and eighteenth sections of this Act ; to decide upon
any other questions of difference which may arise
between interested parties under the operation of
this or any preceding Act, and which may be sub-
mitted to him ; Provided always, that he may, if
he shall deem it advisable, refer any such question
to the Chief Superintendent of Schools : Provided
also, that any aggrieved or dissatisfied party, in
any case not otherwise provided for by this Act,
shall have the right of appeal to the Chief Superin-
tendent of Schools.

Eighihly. To suspend the certificate of qualifica- Josuspendcertt

e rn u r v x. y. it flcates of qualifi-

tion of any Teacher, for any cause which shall ap- cation in certain
pear to him to require it, until the next ensuing **^'
meeting of the County Board of Public Instruction, where the case
shall be disposed of in such manner as a majority of the members
present shall think proper : Provided always, that Thecanceiungor
due notice shall be given to the Teacher suspended, JSJ^^certifi!
o3

To attend the
meetings of the
county Board of
Public Instruction
To meet and con-
fer with the Chief
Superintendent of
Schools in his
official visits to
such county.

To attend arbi-
trations for the
settlement of cer-
tain questions of
dispute.

To decide upon
other questions of
dispute at discre-
tipn.

Or (proviso) refer
them to the Chief
Superintendent of
Schools.
Proviso :

aggrieved or die-
satisfied parties
may appeal in
certain casei.

e«t« of qiullflea-
"Mon," to Telowe

hit tniitMt'flrem

obHfttlon t6-«on-
^athimintlietr

enpioimeQt.'
•ilj i'j a'.'.

of rach meeting of ^ho , County 3oard : I'rpylded
also, £b'at'iiie CM^^ suspenaion of a Teach-

er^a cei'tlificiite of' qu^lifilcatlon, shall relei^se his
'l^chbbf' Trua'tees from any obligation to continue
him in their employment.

To obierve all
lawful regulation!
. »ad ioitructions
•in the diicharge
. of hii duties.
To give iaforraa-
tion to tlieCliief
bij|)erintcndent
when desired,

To account to
t!ie county audi-
[.'>n,^c.

JVmt^y. To act in accordance with the regula-
lationa and instructions which shall be provided ac-
cording to law ; to give any information in his
power, (when desired), to the Chief Superintendent
of Schools, respecting any Common School matter
within his jurisdiction ; to furnish the County Au-
ditors, when required, with the Trustees' orders as
the authority for his cheques upon the County or
•Sub-Treasurer for School moneys ; to deliver copies of his official
correspondence and all school papers in his custody, to the order of
the County Council on retiring from office.

To prepare and
transmit an an-
nual scliool re-
port to tiie Cliief
iiiupi'rinteiidcnt.

Oop.tents of gucii
report ,

Tenthly. To prepare and transmit to the Chief
Superintendent of Schools, on or before the first
day of March, an annual report, which shall be in
such form as shall be provided by the said Chief Su-
perintendent and which shall state : —

1st. — The whole number of schools and school
sections or parts of sections in each Township
within his jurisdiction.

2nd. — The number of pupils taught in each
school over the age of five and under the age of six-

Number

i>r,lroolS, &c.

dJiidrenofachooi teen years; the number between the ages of sixteen
a(?c, &c. and twenty-one years ; the whole number of chil-

dren residing in each section, or part of a section, over the age of
five and under the age of sixteen years.

Timo of keeping
the sctiools open;
Ijt-anchos taught,

B'!okD used, ar-
(^rage attendance,

3rd.— The length of time a school shall have
been kept in each such section or parts of sections,
by a q^ualified Teacher ; the branches taught, the
number of pupils in each branch, and the books used :
the average attendance of pupils, both male and
female, in summer and in winter.

; I'rpylded
f a Teacb-
relei^se his
to continue

the regula-
)rovide(i ac-
tion in his
)erintendenl
:hool matter
County Au-
la' orders as
County or
f Ills official
the order of

o the Chief

fore the first

shall be in

lid Chief Su-

and school
Township

It in each
e age of sjx-
s of sixteen
nber of chil-
r the age of

1 shall have
of sections,
taught, the
books used ,
\\ male and

Th« amount of
non^i received
and ' exp^ndtd,
ac.

,4t|x.-7TlM amoiiQt of in|Oi\<nr>„^hlch fiaye been
reqelyed',ai\d,c|Qllfcf|^ in f^ach ^ecUo^ qr part of
8e<;tion--^Mitingpi9biiig ibe,funount .apportioqed |>y
,the Ubf^f Sup^riot^iijent 6t ,fichQo|Bf the ainount received from
Counter AtBeMmentf tl^e .^mbtiqt rajaed bj^ l^rustees, and the
amount f'rom any other and what source or sources ; also how such
moneys have been expended, or whether any part remains unex-
pended, and from what causes ; the annual salary of Teachers,
male and female, with and without board.

5th. — The number of his and other School visits '^^^ number of

... , trill »chool vuitii and

during the year; the number of school kctnres lectures,
delivered ; the whole number of school-houses, their sizes, character,
furniture and appendages, the number rented, the or school-houses,
number erected during the year, end of what char- 4^-
acter, and by what means.

6th.— The number of qualified Teachers, their '^f teachers, &c.
standing, sex, and religious persuasion ; the number, ^o far as he
may be able to ascertain, of private Schools, the ofprivaieschoois
number of oupils and subjects taught therein ; the libraries, &c.
number of Libraries, their extent, how established and supported :
also, any other information which he may possess respecting the
educational state, wants and advantages in each Township of his
charge, and any suggestions which he shall think proper to make
with a view to the impirovement of Schools and difilision of useful
knowledge.

VIII. 3ci(oo^ Visitors and their Duties.

XXXII. And be it enacted. That all Clergymen Whj)^j »han^^ be
recognized by law, of whatever denomination. Judges,
Members of the Legislature, Magistrates, Members of County
Councils and Aldermen, shall be School visitors in the Townships,
Cities, Towns and Villages where they shall respectively reside :
Provided always, that persons holding the Commis- proviso- as to
si on of the Peace for the County only, shall not be county ma{,is-
School Visitors within Towns and Cities : Provided *'^*'®*'
also, that each Clergyman shall be a School Visitor in any Town-
ship, Town or City where he may have pastoral charge.

i 'I

School viiltori
•utborlzedtofUit
th« ichooli, au
tend cxKinfna-
tloDi, and exa-
mine intu the iiate
of each ichool,
&c.

XXXIII. And be it enacted, That it shall be
lawful for each of said School Visitore, to visit) oa
far as practicable, ail the Public Schools in sucli
Township, City, Town or Village; especially to
attend the quarterly examinations of Schools, and,
at the time of any such visit, to examine the progress
of the pupils, and the state and management of the School, nnd to
give such advice to the Teachers and pupils, and any others present,
as he may think advisable, in accordance with the regulations and
instructions which shall be provided in regard to School Visitors
according to law : Provided always, that a General Meeting of such
Visitors may be held at any time or place which
(.enerai mmings may be appointed by any two Visitors, on sufficient
may be caiiid. notice being given to the other Visitors in the Town-
ship, City, Town or Village; and it shall be lawful for such Visitors,
Duties and ob- ^^"^ assembled, to devise such means as they may
jects of such deem expedient for the efficient visitation of the
Schools, and to promote the establishment of Libra-
ries and the diffusion of useful knowledge.

mcutings.

Hit salary.

IX. Duties of the Chief Superintendent of Schools.
ctiiefsupcrinien. XXXIV. And be It enacted, That the Governor

dent of Schools - . .it -r. i .

appointed. may, from time to time, by Letters Patent under the

Great Seal of the Province, appoint a fit and proper
person to be Chief Superintendent of Schools for Upper Canada,
who shall hold his office during pleasure, and shall receive a salary
of the same amount as that now provided by
law, or as may hereafter be provided by law,
for the Superintendent of Education in Lower
Canada ; and shall be responsible to, and subject to the direction of,
the Governor-General, communicated to him through such Depart-
ment of Her Majesty's Provincial Government, as by the Governor
may be directed in that behalf ; and shall account for the contin-
gent expenses of his office, as provided in respect of
other public offices ; and shall be allowed two
Clerks, who shall receive the same salaries as are
or shall be by law attached to similar offices in the
education law of Lower Canada, to commence from
the first of July, one thousand eight hundred and fifty.

To account for
the contingent ex-
penses of his
office.

To be allowed
two clerks; their
salaries.

:' »1

it it shall be
B, to visit; 08
hools in such
especially to
Schools, and,
e the progress
:hool, nnd to
thers present,
yuiations and
hool Visitors
jeting of such
place which
, on sufficient
; in the Town-
such Visitors,
3 as they may
itation of the
iient of Libra-
dge.

Schools.

he Governor
ent under the
t and proper
per Canada,
eive a salary
provided by
tided by law,
in Lower
direction of,
uch Depart-
he Governor
r the contin-
in respect of
Uowed two
laries as are
[ffices in the
kmence from
red and fifty.

Dutioi of the
(Jhief Superinten-
dent.

To apportion aU
moneys granteii
by the legislature
for the support of
couMiiun sehooli,
and iu what ratio.

XXXV. And be it enacted, That it shall be the
duty of *he Chief Superintendent of Schools :

Firstly. To apportion, annually, on or before the
first day of May, all moneys granted or provided by
the Legislature for the support of Common Schools
in Upper Canada, and not otherwise appropriated by
this Act, to the several < 'ounties, Townships, Cities,
Towns and incorporateu Villages therein, according to the ratio of
population in each, as compared with the whole population of Upper
Canada ; or when the census or returns upon which such an appor-
tionment is to be made, shnll be so far defective, in respect to any
County, Township, City, Town or Village, as to render it impractica-
ble fur the Chief Superintendent to ascertain from such data the share
of school moneys which ought then to be apportioned to such County,
Township, City, Town or Village, he shall ascertain, by the best
evidence in his power, the facts upon which the ratio of such ap-
portionment can be most fairly land equitably made, and make it
accordingly.

Secondly. To certify such apportionment made
]by him, to the Inspector-General, so far as it relates
to the several Counties, Cities, Towns and incorpo-
rated Villages in Upper Canada, and to give imme-
diate notice thereof to the Clerk of each County. City, Town and
Village interested therein, stating the time when the amount of
laoncys thus apponlonetl, will be payable to the Treasurer of such
County, City, Town or Village.

Thirdly, To prepare suitable forms, and to give
such instructions as he shall judge necessary and
proper, for making all reports, and conducting all
proceedings under this Act, and to caUse the same
with such general regulations, as shall be approved of by the Coun-
cil of Public Instruction, for the better organization and govern-
ment of Common Schools, to be transmitted to the officers required
to execute the provisions of this Act.

Fourthly. To cause to be printed from time to
time, in a convenient form, so many copies of this
Act, with the necessary forms, instructions, and
regulations to be observed in executing its provi-
sions, as he may deem silfficii^nt for the informtktion

To certify such
apportionment to
the Inspector-
General.andtothe
county clerks.

To prepare s lita*
ble forms, &c.,
for executing the
law, and trans-
mit them to local
school officers.

To cause copies
of the school
law, regulations,
Ac, to be printed
and distributedas
occasion may re*
quiife.

■ » I

of all officers of Common Schools, and to cause the same to be
distributed for that purpose.

Fifthly, To see that all moneys apportioned by
him, be applied to the objects for which they were
granted ; and fcr that purpose to decide upon all
matters and complaints submitted to him, (and not
otherwise provided for by this Act,) which involve
the expenditure of any part of the School Fund; and to direct the
application of such balances of the* School Fund, as may have been
apportioned for any year and forfeited according to the provisions of
To direct the dis- this Act : Provided always, that such balances of

To lee that aU
school moneys
apportioned by
him p.e duly ap-
plied according to
law.

pf'fuch m'oney! the School Fund shall be expended in making up
in certain cases the Salaries of Tcachors in the County to which
they shall have been apportioned.

and under certain
conditions.

To appoint a
Deputy and spe-
cial inspectors in
certain cases.

Sixtnlt/, To appoint one of his Gierke «s his
Deputy, to perform the duties of his Office in case
of his absence ; and to appoint one or more persons,
as he shall, from time to time, deem necessary, to
inspect any school, or examine into any school
matter, in the County where such person or persons reside, und
report to him : Provided, that no allowance or compensation shill
be made to such special inspector or inspectors for any service ^r
services performed by him or them*

t^"*Se'"Nofma1 ^^venthly. To take the general Superintendence
School. of the Normal School ; and to use his best endea-

And text-bookB. vours to provide for and recommend the use of
uniform and approved text-books io the schools generally.

School libraries. EightJily. To employ all lawful means in his

power to procure and promote the establishment of School Libraries
for general reeding, In the several Counlies, Townships, Cities,
I'kns of school- Towns, and Villages; to provide and recommend
the adoption of suitable plans of school-hou^os, with
the proper furniture and appendages ; and to collect
and diffiise useful information on the subject of
education f/enerally, among the people of Upper Canada.

To iubmit to the Mnthly, To submit to the Council o Public In-

Coundl of Public ,11, . 1 • . «

loatruction.books struction all books or manuscripts which may be
manuicripti. Ac. pj^^p^^ j„ jjjg ^^^^^ ^j^jj ^^^ y|g^ ^f obtaining the

ho :ges.
The collection
and diffusion of
ujeflil knowledge.

same to be

}rtioned by
1 they were
de upon ail
I, (and not
lich involve
I direct the
J have been
rovisions of
balances of
making up
7 to which

erkc «s his
Bee in case
sre persons,
icessary, to
any school
reside, and
sation shill
r service ^r

rintendence
best endea-
the use of

ans in his
^' Libraries
ips, Cities,
l-ecommend
)Ui.-^8, with
to collect
I subject of

'ublic In-
may be
Lining the

To apportion mo-
neys granted for
the establishment
of school libra-
ries.

Proviso :

Condition of sha-
ring 'n such ap-
portionment.

To appoint per-
sons to conduct
teachers' insti-
tutes, ard pie-
pare rules and
instructions for
regulating their
proceedings.

recommendation or sanction of such Council, for their introduction
'as text-books or library books ; and to prepare and to lay before said
lay before the Council of Public Instruction for its Council, geuerai
consideration, such general regulations for the "«»^"on«, fcc.
organization and government of Common iSchools, and the manage-
ment of School Libraries as he shall deem necessary and proper.

Tenthly. To apportion whatever sum or sum^ of
money shall be provided by the Legislature for the
establishment and support of School Libraries :
Provided always, tnat no aid shall be given towards
the establishment or support of any School Library
unless an equal amount be contributed and expended
from local sources for the same object.

Eleventhly. To appoint proper persons to conduct
County Teachers' Institutes, and to furnish such
rules and instructions as he shall judge advisable in
regard to the proceedings of such Institutes and the
best means of promoting their objects, in elevating
the profession of school teaching and increasing its
usefulness.

TwelJ My, To be responsible for all moneyc paid ^o account for
through him in behalf of the Normal and Model moneys, &c.
Schools, and to give such security for the same as shall be required
by the Governor ; and to prepare and transmit all correspondence
which shall be directed or authorized by the Council of Public In-
struction for Upper Canada.

TJiirteenthly, To make arnually to the Governor,
on or before the first day of July, a report of the
actual state of the Normal, Model and Common
Schools throughout Upper Canada, showing the amount of moneys
expended in connexion with each, and from what sources derived,
with such statements and suggestions for improving the Common
Schools and the Common School laws, and promoting education
generally, as he shall deem useful and expedient.

X. Constitution and Duties of the Council of Public

Instruction.

XXXVI. And be it enacted. That the Governor ^""uctiSn^"'?'*^
shall have authority to appoint not more than nine u. c.

To report annu-
ally to the Gov-
ernor on certain
matters.

persons (of whom the Chief Superintendent of Schools shall be one)
To consut of 9 to b|8 a Council, of ^ublic Instruction for Upper
perrons including Canada, who shall hold their office during pleasure^
and shall be subject from time to time to all law-
ful orders and directions in the exercise of their
duties, which shall, from time to time, be issued by the Governor.

the Chief Super
tendenti

Mode of providing
a place and de-
fraying the ex-
penses of the
meetings of such
<''juncil; of call-
ing the first meet-
ing and any spe-
ial meeting.

XXXVII. And be it enacted. That the Chief
Superintendent of Schools shall provide a place for
the meetings of the Council of Public Instruction,
and shall call the first meeting of the Council, and
shall have authority to call a special meeting at any
time by giving due notice to the other members ;

that the expenses attending the proceedings of the said Council

shall be accounted for by the Chief Superintendent of Schools as
part of the contingent expenses of the Education
Office ; that the Senior Clerk in the Education
Office shall be Recording Clerk to the said Council,
shall enter all iis proceedings in a book kept for that
purpose, shall, as may be directed, procure the books

and stationery for the Normal and Model Schools, and shall keep all

the accounts of the said Council.

Senior clerk in
the Education
Office to he Re-
cording Clerk to
thoco'incil.
His duties.

Duties of the
Council of Public
Instruction.

XXXVIII. And be it enacted. That it shall be the
duty of the said Council of Public Instiruction, (three
members of which, at any lawful meeting, shall
form B. quorum for the transaction of business):

To regulate its First. To appoint a Chairman, and establish the
own proceedings, times of its meetings, and the mode of its proceed-
ings, which Chairman shall be entitled to a second or casting vote
in cases of an equality of votes on any question.

To do all things Secondly, To adopt all needful measures for the

necessary for the ^ ^ ui- i ^ j «• • «. i

permanent estab- permanent establishment and efficiency of the
ciSr'of'* 'the" Normal School for Upper Canada, containing one
Normal School. or more Model Schools for the instruction and train-
ing of Teachers of Common Schools in the science
of education andart of teaching.

To make rules for
the management
and government

Thirdly. To make from time to time, the rules
and regulntions necessary for the management ani

cd
bJ

to I
tic
th(

(■1

1,^

41<

ibU be one)
for Upper
\g pleasure^
10 all law-
se of their
rovernoc.

the Chief
a place for
[nstruction,
ouncil, and
Bting at any
r members ;
aid Council
Schools as
I Education
! Education
Eiid Council)
lept for that
re the books
hall keep all

hall be the
tioH) (three
ting, shall
iiness) :

tablish the
,s proceed-
eisting vote

res for the

y of the

ining one

and train-

e science

the rules
}ment ani

government of such Normal School ; to prescribe
th(! terms and conditions on which studei^ shall be
received add instructed therein ; to selec^t the loca-
tion of such school, and erector procure and furnish
the buildings therefor ; to determine the number and
compensation of teachers, and all others who may
be employed therein ; and to do all lawful things
which such Council shall deem expedient to promote the objects
and interests ^f such school.

of tb« Normal
School; to pre-
scribe the teriv
of admission.
To erect or pro-
cure aiad furnish
Normal School
buildings.
To appoint
teachers, Slc.

To make regula-
tions for the or-
ganixation and
gOTemment of
common schools
generally.

Fourthly. To make such regulations from time
to time as it shall deem expedient for the organiza-
tion, gorernment and discipline of Common Schools;
. the classification of Schools and Teachers, and for
S^^hool Libraries throughout Upper Canada.

Fijthlv. To examine, and, at its iJiscretion, re- To examine and

VJ » .1,. 1 - recomrftend books

commend or disapprove of text-books for the use of for schools, and
schools, or books for School Libraries: Provided ^Ztf""^^ "*"*'
always that no portion of the Legislative School Proviso:
Grant shall be applied in aid of any school in which any book is
used that has been disapproved of by the Council, and public notice
I given of such disapproval.

Sixthly, To transmit annually, through the Chief
Si'^erintendent of Schools, to the Governor, to be
laid before the Legislature, a true account of the receipt and expen-
diture of nil tr.oneys granted for the establishment and support of

the Nor^ ! ftohool.

To acconntanna-
ally.

XL Miscellaneous Provisions.

£1600 per annum,
granted for the
Normal School :

I XXXIX. And be it enacted, That a sum not ex-
^ ceeding fifteen hundred pounds per annum shall be
ij allowed out of the Legislative School Grant for the salaries of offi-
I cers and other contingent expenses of the Normal School ; and t'lat
I a sum not exceeding one thousand pounds per an- £iooo per annum
^ num h<* allowed out of the said grant to facilitate
the al« jance of Teachers in training at the Nor-
mal Sc ho 1, i:nder such regulations as shall, from
time to time, be adopted by the Council of Public Instruction.

to facilitate the
attendance of
teachers in train-
ing.

What nooneyB to XL. And be it enacted, That the sum of money

constitute the . ,, . « /^t . - ^ '• v ^ »

conuuon school apportioDCQ annually by the Chief Superintendent of
^■°*^' Schools to each County, Township, City, Town, or

Village, and at least an equal sum raised annually by local assesoment,
shall constitute the Common School Jfund of such County, Town-
conditions of its ship, City, Town, or Village, and shall be expended
aR)ortionment. for no Other purpose than tnat of paying the salaries
of qualified Teachers of Common Schools : Provided always, thaH
no County, City, Town or Village shall l^e entitled to a share of the
Legislative School Grant without raising by assessment, a sum at
least equal (c)ear of all charges for collection) to tbfe share of the
said School Grant apportioned to it : and provided also, that should
the Municipal Corporation of any County, City, Town or Village,
raise in any one ye c >ss sum than that apportioned to; it out of
the Legislative Schooi tnt, the Chief Superintendent of Schools
shall deduct a sum equai to the deficiency, from the apportionment
to such County, City, Town or Village in the following year,

XLL And be it enacted, That it may and shall
be lawful for the Governor in Council, to authorize
the expenditure annually, out of the share of the
Legislative School Grant coming to Upper Canada,
of a sum not exceeding three thousand pounds, for the establishment
and support, of Schooi I ibraries, under such regulations as are pro-
vided for by this Act; of a sum not exceeding twenty-five pounds
in any County or Riding for the encouragement of a Teachers' In-
stitute, under the regulations hereinbefore provided ; and of a sum
not exceeding two hundred pounds in any one year to procure plans
and publications for the improvement of School Architecture and
practical Science in connexion with the Common
Schools : Provided always, that the amount here-
tofore apportioned in aid of Common Schools to the
several Counties, Cities, Towns and Villages in
Upper Canada, shall not be lessened by the appro-
priation of such sums, but they shall be taken out of any additional
amount awarded to Upper Canada, out of the said Grant, in consider-
ation of the increase of its population in proportion to that of th(
whole Province-

The moneys ap- xLll. And be it enacted, That the sum of money

vartionoU annual- . •, m o i i •

I y in aid of com- iniiually apportioned in aid ot Common bchools m

Certain sums to
bt) expended for
the ectabtishment
of school libraries
Ice., under c'^rtain
regulations.

Proviso: the a-
■lount heretofore
4})|)ortioi)edinaici
(k common

s^'hools not to be
lessened.

I of money
itendent of
r, Town, or
issesomenty
ty, Town-
e expended
he Balaries
I ways, thjal,
ihare of the
, a sum at
lare of the
that should
or Village,
to; it out of
of Schools
portionment
f year.

f and shall
to authorize
hare of the
per Canada,
itablishment
as are pro-
five pounds
lachers' In^
d of a sum
rocure plans
lecture and
Common
icunt here-
lools to the
Villages in
the appro-
additional
n consider-
hat of thf-

of money
Schools ii>

rhf? several Counties, Cities, Towns and Villages in mon schools to bt
Upper Canada, shall be payable on or before the nrst day of July,
day of July, in each year, to the Treasurer of each County, City,
Tovn and Villag , in such way as the Governor in Council shall
from tirtie to time direct. . '

..■■;. 'I'll;

XLIII. And be it enacted, That if any part of ^"'*'^"°" ^cVflTi
the Common School Fiind shall be embezzled or lost fund against loss,
through the dishonesty or faithlessness of any party
to whom it shall have been entrusted, and proper security against
such loss shall not have been taken, the person or persons whose
duty it was to have exacted such security, shall be responsible for
the sum or sums thus embezzled or lost, and the same may be
recovered from them by Civil Suit in any Court of Law having
jurisdiction to the amount claimed, by the party or parties enti-
tled to receive such sum or sums, or at the suit of the '''rown. provito.
Provided always, that if any Secretary-treasurer appointed
by the School Trustees of any school division, or any person having
been such Secretary^trqaeurer, and having in his possession any
books, papers, chattels, or moneys, which shall have come into
his possesaiony as such Secretary-treasurer, shall wrongfully
withhold or refuse to deliver up, or to account for and pay over the
same or any part thereojf to such person, and in such manner as
he may have beeq lawfully directed by any majority of the School
Trustees for su<;h Sphool division then in office, such withholding
or refusal shall be a misdemeanor ; and upon the application of the
fnajv>irity of sUch Trustees, su). ported by affidavit of such wrongful
withholding or refusal made by them before some justice of the
Peace to the Judge of the County Court, such Judge shall thereupon
make an ord^r that such Secretary-treasurer or person havkig been
such, do appear before ^uch Judge at a time and {lace to bsappointed
in such order, which shall, by a Bailiff of any Division Court, be
personally served on the party complained against, or left with a
grown up person at his residence, and at the time and place so ap-
pointed, the Judge being satisfiiecl that such service has been madie,
shall in ^ sumhiary manner and whether the the party complained
of do or do not appear, hear the complaint ; and if he shall be of
opinion that the complaint is well founded, he shall order tike
party complained of to deliver up, account for and pay over the
books, papers, chattels, or moneyd, as Aforesaid, by a certain day, tu

be named by the Judge in Buch order, together with reasonable costs
incurred in making such application, as the Judge may tax, and in
the event of a noncompliance with the terms specified in the said
order or any or either of them, then to order the said party to be
forthwith arrested by the Sheriff of any County in which such party
shall be found, and be by him committed to the Common Gaol of
his County, there to remain without bail or mainprize until such
Judge shall be satisfied that such party has delivered up, accounted
for or paid over the books, papers, chattels, or moneys in question
in the manner directed by the majority of the Trustees as aforesaid,
upon proof of his having done which, such Judge shall make aQ
order for his discharge, and he shall be discharged accordingly ;
provided always, that no proceeding under this proviso shall be
construed to impair or affect any other remedy which the siid
Trustees may have against such Secretary-treasurer, or pen«n
having been such, or his sureties.

XLIV. And be it enacted, That it may and shall
be lawful for the Chief Superihtendent of Schools,
on the recommendation of the Teachers in theNormal
School, to give to any Teacher of Common Schools
a certificate of qualification which ^hall be valid
in any part of Upper Canada> until revoked according
to law ; Provided always, that nO such certifidate
shall be given to any person who shall not have
been a (Student in the Normal School.

Salaries ^o^su-^ XLV. And b^ it enacted, That po part of the
expenses ^ incur- salaries of: the Chief or Local Superintendents of
MoVonhe^schooi Schools, uor of any other persons employed, or ex-
law, how paid, peiises incurred, in the execution of this Act, shall
be paid out of the Common School Fupd, which shall, wholly and
without diminution, be expended in the payment of Teachers' sala-
rief, as hereinbefore provided*

MMOTs" duturb- XLVi. AncI f)e it enacted, that j^oy person who
^meetings. &c. shall wilfuUy disturb, interrupt, or disquiet the pro-
ceedings of any 'school meeting authorize^ to be held by thisaot or
any school established an^ conducted under it? authority, shall for
eftch offence, forfeit for Cpnimon School purposps, to the School
Section, City, Town or Village, within the limits of which such

Certificates of
qualification for
U. C. granted to
teachers under
certain circum-
stancei.

Proviso.

msble costs
tax, and in
in the said
party to be
I such party
on Gaol of
until such
>, accounted
in question
18 aforesaid,
Eill make aQ
jcordingly ;
io shall be
h the Slid
f or pen^n

lay and shall
; of Schoold,
n theNormal
mon Schools
mil be valid
ed according
h certifidate
lall not have

part c^' the

itendents of

joyedi or ez-

Act, shall

wholly end

Lchers' 8ala>

[person who

]iet the pro-

this act or

|y, shall for

the School

irhich such

offence shall have been committed, a sum not exceeding five pounds,
and may be prosecuted before any Justice of the Peace, by any per-
son whatever, and convicted ci the oath of one credible witness
other than the prosecutor, and if convicted, the said penalty shall,
if not forthwith paid, be levied with costs by distress and sale of
goods and chattels of the offender, under a warrant of such Justice,
and paid over by him to the School Treasurer of such Section, City,
Town or Village ; or the said offender shall be liable to be indicted
and punished for the same as a misdemeanor.

Temporary pro-
visions for hold-
ing the first elee^
tions in cities and
towns.

XLVII. And be it enacted. That the first election
of Trustees in all the Cities and Towns of Upper
Canada, as provic'ed for in the twenty-second sec-
tion of this Act, shall commence at ten of the clock
in the forenoon of the first Tuesday in September, one thousand
eight hundred and fifty, and that the places of election in the several
Wards of each City or Town, together with the name of the Re-
turning Ofiicer for each such Ward, shall be duly notified, by
causing notices to be put up in at least three public places in each
such Ward, and not less than six days before such election, by the
Mayor of each City and Town respectively : Provided always, that
the School Trustees then elected in each City and Town, shall be
subject to all the obligations which have been contracted by the
present School Trustees of such City or Town ; and shall be
invested with all the powers conferred by this Act on School Trus-
tees of Cities and Towns for the fulfilment of such obligations, and
for the performance of all other duties imposed by this Act.

Interpretation
clause.

XL VIII. And be it enacted, That the Interpreta-
tion Act shall apply to this Act ; that the word
*^ Teacher," shall include Female as well as Male Teachers ;
that the word " Townships" shall include Unions of Townships
made for Municipal purposes ; and the word " County'' shall
include unions of Counties for municipal purposes.

FORMS AND INSTRUCTIONS

FOR E ;ecuting the provisions of the common school act,

I3th and 14th Victoria, chapter 48. ^

By the Chief Superintendent ir Schools.
Authorited and required by the third dauee of the Thirty-fifth section of said Act.

cl
F

CHAPTER I.

FORMS FOR TRUSTEES, AND FOR THE CALLING OF SCHOOL SECTION,

MEETINGS, &c.,

/« conformity nUh the '^wnmon School Act, ISth and lith Vict., chap. 48, Section 4-14.

SECTioif 1. Fornt, of Notice of a first School Section Meeting.

SchoolNotice.

The undersigned inform the Freeholders and Householders concerned,
that the Municipal Council of this Township hasfornied a part of the Town-
ship into a School Section, to be designated School Section, No. — , and
to be limited and known as follows : — {Here insert the Description qf the
Sution.j

The undersigned having been authorized and required by the Municipal
Council to appoint the time and place of holding the first meeting, for the
election of Trustees for the School Section above described, hereby notifies
the Freeholders Hud Householders of said School Section, that a Public

Meeting will be held at on— day, the — of , at the hour of 10

o'clock, in the forrnoon, for the purpose of electing three fit and proper
persons as School Trustees of the said Section, as required by the School
Act, 13th and 14th Vict. chap. 48, sect. 4.

Given under my hand, this day of , 18 — . [iViameJ

Remarks. Should the person authorized and appointed by the Municipal Council to
call the first School Section Meeting refuse or neglect to do so, he subjects himself to a
|)enalty of one pound five shillings, recoverable tor the purposes of such School Section \
and, then, any two Householders are authorized, within twenty days, on giving six
days' notice, to call a meeting for the election of Trustees. The form of their nouce—
to be posted in, at least, tliree public places in the School Section concerned, and at
least, six days before tlte time of holding such meeting— should be as follows :—

School Notice.

In conformity with the 9th section of the Commoa School Act, 13th and
14th Vict., chap. 48, the undersigned. Householders of School Section, No.

— , in the Township of , hereby give notice to the Freeholders and

Householdeis of said School Section, that a Public Meeting will be held

on — day, the

of.

at the hour of 10 o'clock, in the

torenoon, for the purpose of electing School Trustees for the said Section.
Dated this day of 18-. A. B. | householders.

CHOOL ACT,

of taid Act.

OL SECTION,

afionoN 2. Form of Notice, signed by the Chairman and Secretary of a School Seetitm
Meetinir, to be transmitted by the Secretary to the Local Superintendent of Schooh
intimaiing the election of one or more persons as Trustee or Trustees.

Sir,— In conformity with the Common School Act. 13th and 14th Vict.,
chap. 43, sect. 5, we have the honor to inform you, that, at a meeting of the
Freeholders and Householders of School Section, No.—, in the Township

of , held according to law, on the day of , [Here insert th*

name or names or address of the person or persons dectea] chosen

School [Trusteeor Trustees] of said Section.

We have the honor to be, Sir,

Your obedient Servants,
D. E.,

Chairmanf
To the Local Superintendent of Schools F. A.,

For the County or Township oi Secretary.

[8, Section 4-14.

Meeting.

iTB concerned,
tof theTown-
I, No. — , and
:ription of the

the Municipal

!eting, for the

lereby notifies

that a Public

he hour of 10

t and proper

by the School

[JVaweJ

:ipal Council to
lets himself to a
ISchool Section ;

's, on giving six

•f their notice—
jncerned, and at

IW8 : —

kct, 13th and
I Section, No.

beholders and

will be held

fclock, in the

said Section.

iseholders.

Section 3. Form of a Notice of an ordinary Annual School Section Meeting, pwr-
I tuant to the VUh clause of the 12tA section of the School Act, 13tA and XUh Vict., chap. 48.

I SchoolNotice.

* The undersigned Trustees of School Section, No. — in the Township of

, h'^reby give notice to the Freeholders and Householders of said

School Section, that a Public Meeting will be held at , on the second

Wednesday in January, 18 — , at the hour of Ten of the clock, in the fore-
noon, for the purpose of electing a fit and proper person as a School True-
tee for said Section.

Dated this day of , 18 — . A. B.,"^ Trustees of

, C. D., > School SectioHt

i E. F.,> No.—

Remarks. The above notice should be signed by a majority of the existing or surviving
Trustees, and posted in, at least, three public places of the School Section, at least six
days before the holding of the meeting. The manner of proceeding at the Annual Meet-
ing is prescribed in the 6th section of the Act.

Should tlie Trustees neglect to give the prescribed notice of the Annual Section Meet-
ing, they forfeit, each, the sum of one pound five shillings, recoverable for the purposoe
at the School Section, and then any two Householders of the School Section are author-
ized within twenty days' notice, to call such meeting. Their form of notice should be
as follows :—

Section 4. Form of Notice of an Annual School Section Meeting to i§

given by two Householders.

School Noticx:.

The Trustees of School Section, No. — , in the Township of - ' '■ .

having neglected to give notice of the Annual School Section Meeting, as
prescribed by the 12tn clause of the 12th section of the Common School
Act, the undersigned hereby give notice to the Freeholders and House-
holders of the said School Section, that a Public Meeting will be held at

, on , the day of , at 10 of the clock in the forenoon, for the

purpose of electing a fit and proper person as Trustee, as directed by law.

Dated this day of , 18—.

A. B., > Householders,

C. D., > School Section, No. — .

Remark. The mode of proceeding, at a School Meeting thus called, is preecribed te
ibe 6th section of the Act.

! I

! 1

J^KCTKiN 5. Fonn nf AVhre of a Sihool Mettinif, to I'll,!, i!i> a VACANrv created bythi
death, jtrrmuTtunt nhiirnir, incnptiritii frifw. siclcnesn, refusal to serve, resi^fnalion, (fr.,
'm the part of n Trimttc.

SlHOOI, NoTICK.

IVotice is lierrhy <,'iv»:'n to ilie Freeliuldera and HouHcholders of School

Section, No. — , in the Township of , that a Public Meeting will

be held at , on the day ot , at the hour of Ten of the clock.

in the forenoon, for the purpose of electing a fit and proper person as School

Trustee, in the place of , [deceased, removed, incapatialed frovk

gickness, absent, resignation, ur who has reused to serve, as the case may

■\

heA
Dated this day of A. B., / Surviving Trustees, or Trustee,

, II! — C. P., J (aathe caserpay be.)

Rkmarkh. a Trustee who refuncH to serve when elected, forfeits the Hum of one
pound fiveshillinns, hut haviim arceptei' otiice, if he shall at any tiuie refuse or neglec;
to perform the duties (jf that uilirt' he sImU forlch the sum of five {Mjunds, recoverable for
the purposes of the School Section ; i)ut a Trustee cannot be re-elected without his owti
consent. (See ftii scctiou of the ActO The mode of proceeding at a meeting called
as above is the same as at an ordiuary Annual School Section Meeting, and is prescrilied
In the 0th section of the Act.

Skction 6. Form for Trustees calling Special Meetings,

Special School Notice.
Notice is hereby given to the Freeholders and Householders of School

Section No. — , in the Township of , that a Public Meeting will be

held at , on the — day of at the hour of — of the clock in — — • for

the purpose [Here state the object or objects of the meeting.}
Dated this — day of — A. B.

, 18 —. C. D. > Trustees.

E. F.

Remarks- It belongs to the otfice of Trustees to estimate and determine the amount of
the Teacher's salary and all expeuses connected with the school ; but it appertains to
the nifijority of the Freeholders and Householders of each School Section, at a public
meeting called for the purpose, to decide as to the manner in which such expenses shall
be provide<i for, whether by voluntary subscription, by fcite-bill on parents or guardians
■ending children to the school, or by rate on all the Freeholders and Householders of the
School Section according to property. But should not a sufficient sum be thus provided
(o meet the expenses incurred tor School purposes, tlie Trustees are authorized by the
latter part of the 7 th clause of the 12th section, to provide the balance in such manner
as they may think proper. But for all the money received and expended by them, the
Trustees must account annually to their constituents as prescribed in the l°*h clause of
the 12th section. Besides calling Annual School Section Meetings, xrustees are
authorized to call S|)ecial Meetings to consider the site and erection of a school-house,
the mode of raising a teacher's salary, or for any school purpose whatever. The object
or objects of each school meeting should be invariably stated in the notices calling it ;
and the notices calling any school meeting, should in all cases be put up six days before
holding such meeting. Oiie form is sufiicient for calling a special school section meeting
of any kind.

Section 7- Form of Agreement between Trustees and Tiiacher.

Wb, the undersigned. Trustees of School Section, No. — , in the Town-
ship of , by virtue of the authority vested in us by (he 5th clause of the
12th] section of the School Act, 13th and 14th Vict., chap. 48, have chosen
{H^einsert the Teacher's name) who holds a certificate of qualification, to
be a Teacher in said School Section ; and We do hereby contract with
and emplgy him, at the rate of (Aere insert the sumir, words, in currency,)
per annum, from and after the day hereof ; and we further bind and obhge
oiirselves, and our successors in office, faithfully to employ the powers
with which we are legally invested by the said section of said Act, to col-
lect and pay the said Teacher, during the continuance of this agreement,

th
th
he
sa
St
m

rv created byth
enfrnalian, fyr.,

era of School
Meeting will
1 of the clock,
■(?on as School
mtiated frovt
r the case may

, or Trustee,
>ay be.)

tho sum of onr
ret'iise or negleci
, recoverable for
without his own
a meeting called
ind is i)rescribt'd

tings.

ers of School
eeting will be
[)ck in for

Trustees.

ne the amount of

t it appertains to

ion, at a public

h ex|)ense8 shall

nts or guardians

Beholders of the

le thus provided

thorized by the

in such manner

(1 i)y them, the

J°'h clause of

xiustees are

school-house,

er. The object

ices calling it;

six days before

section meeting

Iker.

in the Town-
J clause of the
(have chosen
lification, to
jntract with
In currency,)
id and oblige
the powers
Act, to col-
ls agreement,

the sura for which we hereby become bound— the said sum to be paid to
the said Teacher [quarterly^ ^c, as the case may be,] And the said Teacher
hereby contracts and binds himself to teach and conduct the School, in
flaid School Section, according to the regulations provided for by the said
School Act. This agreement to contii\ue [here insert the period of agree'
oient] from the date thereof. A. B. )

Dated this day of , 18—. C. D. [ Trustees.

(Witness) E. F.)

O. K. G. H., Teacher.

Remarks. This agreement should he siracd by, at least, two of the Trustees, and the
Teacher, and should be entered in the Trustees' booli, and a copy of it given to the
Teacher. The Trustees being a Corporation, their agreement with their Teacher i«
binding on their Successors in oflicc •, and should they refuse or wilfully neglect to exer-
cise the corporate powers vested on them, they would be personally liable for the amount
due a Teacher— see 10th clause of the I'ilh Section. As to the mode of settling disputCH
between Trustees and a Teacher, see the 17th Section. And, on the other hand,
the Teacher is equally bound to faithfulness In the performance of his duties according to
law. See section 10 ; and clause 8, of section 31.

Section 8. Form of Warrant for the Collection of School Feet.

We, the undersigned. Trustees of School Section, No. — , in the Town-
ship of in the County of , by virtue of the authority vested iu us

by the 8th clause of the 12lh sect, of the Act, 13th and 14th Vict., chap. 48,
hereby authorize and require you {here insert the name and residence of Vie
mrson appointed to collect the Kate Bill,) after ten days from the date
Eereof, to collect from the several individuals in the annexed Rate Bill, for
the period therein mentioned, the sum of money opposite their respective
names, and to pay, within thirty days from the date hereof, the amount so
Collected, after retaining your own fees, to the Secretary-Treasurer, whose
iiecharge shall be your acquittance for the sum so paid. And in default of
Payment on demand by any person so rated, you are hereby authorized and
jrequired to levy the amount by distress and sale of the goods and chattels of
the person or persons making default. A. B. ^

. Given under our hands this — — C. D. > Trusteee,

day of ,18— E. F.)

To the Collector of the School Section No. , Township of

F<9nii qf Rate Bill, at aiethorized by the second and eighth clauset of the lith settiom
of the Act—^o be annexed to the foregoing Warrant.

Rate Bill of persons liable for School Fees, in School Section, No. — , in

the Township of , for the [Month or Quarter, ^c.,] commencing the

day of , and ending the day of , 18 — ,

NAMES

of
Parents

or
Guardians.

-I

Amount of
Rate Bill
per [month
or quarter,]
&c., for
Tuition.

£.

Amount of
Rate Bill

per [month

or quarter,}
for Fuel,

Rent, &.C.

£. a.

Amount of

C!ollec tor's

Fees, at

five per

cent.

£. 8.

Total

amount of

Rate Bill

for the

[month or

quarter.

*c.]

£.

Given under oar hands, this — >
day cf- , 18.

A. B.,
W ~
E

F.. >

Trustees.

flEnrioN 0. Form of llcrcijft to hr piccn hij the CoHrrtor, mi remiun/^ the mrovm

iinrncd in tin: Rut:: Jiill.

RkckiviiI) from l/irn: insert the prrsov'it name,] iIk- «um of [hrrr, irriU
the svia in wordnt] [)fiiiar the ninount ol his \o,' her] llatf J'ill, f'i»r tii»
[Month or tiuarter, iVc.,| tiiding on the day of lu — .

J)ated this

■ day of

ID— .

ExiTANATORY REMARKS oti the ImposUion and Colkd'um of Rati Hills, ifC.~

1. The rolli.'ctur stiiiuli take a Krcript Iruiii tliu Hecrclury-ireasurcr, fur all iiujucys .
paidliiiii. 'I'lic tJecn.l.iry-trca.airLT .-iliKiilil also takua Rrceijit Iruin tlic; 'IVachcr f'orall
moneys paid liirii. Tlic t.ikiii^' and niviai,' rt'ceiplfc fur launoy jjaid and received will
prevent errors and ndj-iinderstandingh.

2. TheTrusteeH can riiir^o the School fees by voluntary Miliscriptions, if llipyyilenee.
They can alwj appoint tlie Hchool Teacher to act an Collector, if he chooses to accept ol
the ap[M)i!itin-'nt, and to t;ive ilie rc(|iured security. The Trustees can also, if they judaic
itexj)edi'^nt, i;u|>ose any Rate IJill which they may think necessary lor rentiiij.', and
repairing; anc' fiirnishhi(» a School-houtse, or for the Teacher's salary, upon the inhabi-
tants of their ."'chool Section, or they can apply to the Municipality of tlicir Township to
hnpose and collect such rate for those piirixjses.

3. As tho School Accounts of each year must be kept separate by the Chit^fSuperliV'
tendent of Schools, so iinist the Rate Bills. The Rate rills and the Warrants can I*
made oat for a month, or (br one or more Quarters of a year, at the same time, as the
Trustees may think expedient.

4. Those' parents and guardians who pay the Rate Bills to the Secretary-treasurer, or
Collector, Kithin ten days fron, the date of such Rate Bill, and without being called upon
lor it, win be exempt from paying the Collector's Foes.

5. The Collector, by virtue of the Warrant from the Trusujes, can enforce payment of
tlie Rate Bill by distress and the sale of goods, from any person who resides, or ha
goods and chattels within the limits of the School Section. Tor tlie mode of proccedini
by the Trustees in case of persons rated, who may not at the time of collecting the Rate
Bill reside or have goods and chattels within the limits of the School Section, sec eletttdk
division of the 12th Section of the Act.

0. The Tr\i9tee9 should make the apportionment for Fuel in money, as one item In the
Rate Bill, and then exercise their own discretion as to whether the item for fuel should
be paid in money or wood— fixing the price per cord, to lje allowed for the wood,
describing the kind of wood, and the manner in which it should be prepared for the
School. In case any person should fail to pay the amount of his wood-bill, in the inaO'
ner and at the time prescribed by the Trustees,, the payment should, of course, be
enforced in the same manner as that of the School Teacher's wages, and the amount,
tiJus collected, paid for tt»e purchase of wood.

ye
of

A. B., Collector. _

of
of I
of

for

Section 10. Form of Trustees'' Order upon the Local Superintendent.

To the Local Superintendent of Schools for the Township ot Oounty of .

Pat to [here insert the Teacher* 8 name] or Order, out of the School Fund

apportioned to School Section, No. — , in the Township of-^ , the siim

of [here write the sum in words]

A. B.,>

Dated this — — day of , 18—. C. D., > Trustees.

E. F., )

Remarks. No part of the School Fund is allowed to be paid for any other purpose
than for the salary of the Teacher ; and the Local Superintendent is not authorized to give
a cheque upon the County Treasurer or Sub-treasurer to pay the School Fund moiety of a
Teacher's salary to any other than the Teacher interested, or to some person autborizd
by the Teacher to receive it.

ng Uit tnrovni "sgcTWJH 11.

Form of Detd for the SiU of the
R»$idenee, ^c.

Common School House, Ttaektr^t

iA' {hfvc. wriU
e Hill, for thf

, ColUctOT.

all: llilU, &,<■'-
r, for all muucy!* .
o'lVaclur for all ^
iiiU received will

IS, it' they pleaat.
jiTH to nccci)t ol
Iso, if thoy judfte
' for rpntiIl^^ nnd
upon tlie iiihabi-
helr Towtifc!lui> to

he Chief Superlrv
Warrants can lie
auie time, as the

;nry-iretisurer, or
being called upon

nfoTce payment of
ho ret>ide», or ha
ode of procccdini
ollcctlng the Rate
ptiou, Bcee^etentA

as one item in the

ni for fuel should

ved for the wood,

:)repared for the

5iU, in the maiv

dd, of course, be

and the oiuount,

intendent.

School Fund
, the sUm

Trustees.

ny other purpoee
uthorized to give
rundmoietyofa
eraoD autborizcd

Wxin KntJCntUrr, made the

day of

in the
in pursuance

year of our Lord one thousand eig;ht hundred and

of the Act to facilitate the conveyance of Real Property, between

— , of the Township {Village, Town or City} of , in the County

of _■■ and Province of Canada, of the first part, and the Trustees

of School Section Numbei' , in the Township of , in the County

of , and Province aforesaid, of the second part,

W^ittit&Utifif that in consideration of , of lawful

money of Canada, now paid by the Trustees of the School Section
aforesaid to the said party of the first part, who hereby grants utito the
Trustees of tl>o School Section aforesaid, their Successors and Assigns
dot ever, all that Parcel of Laud, «^c.

In Trust for the use of a Common School, in and for School Section

Number , in the Township of ■, and in the County and Province

aforesaid. , ■; ' /

The said CobeitatttS with the Trustees of the

School Section aforesaid, that he hath the right to convey thn said Lande

to the Trustees of the School Section aforesaid. And that the Trustees

if the School Section aforesaid shall have quiet possession of the said

•»nds : Feee FROM Incumbrances. And the said —n— —— Covenants
«yith the Trustees of the School Section aforesaid, that he will execute
such further assurances of the said Lands as may be requisite.

lEtt tnttttrietK tn!l0tPOf) the said parties hereto have hereuntc
itet their hands and seals in the day and year before mentioned.

(eeal.) • •

{seat.) "%

(seal.) } TnuttM.

S»1gned, Sealed and Delivered in presence of

J.D.
F. H.

S. M.

I. B. (86.01.)

Inessea.

Rbmarks. 1. If the Grantor l)e a married man, his wife's name must be inserted in

.rheDeed, and this phrase added after the word "requisite-." And -,

' wife of tlie said , lierel)y l)arB her dower in the said Lands.

' "2. Wlien, however, the land has descended to the wife in her own right, she must,
^Iwsides joininii with her husband in the Conveyance, api)ear liefore two Justices of tlie
Bl'eace, to declare that she has parted with her estate in the land intended to he conveyed
■^without any coercion or iiear thereof by or on the part of her huslrmd ; and the Certilicate?
• if such Justices must appear on the hack of the (■onveyaiico the (lay of its execution.
"JHMbrinof the i'ortiticate Im as follows : — "We the nndersigned Justices of the Peace

If , do h'jrchy certify tliiit on ihi-: day uf , l~— , at , tJic

4 '. i;liin Di't'd was (lulyVxeLnileil in tlie prosenco of , by ^

'ivili; of ■ , one of the (Jraiitorf therein liauied ; and that tlie^ai^i '

It the said tiuie and iilace. heinz examined by ii!=, apart from her hu.;baiu!. ilid appear to
jive her conspiu to depa'* with her estate in the land?; incniioiied in the t-ai 1 j)ccrl, frecl)

Kul voluntarily, and without coercion or fear of coercion on tlio part of In r husband, or

I ;myo'.lier per-ion or iier>un.-i wliatsoevf.r." 'R. \V , J. }'.

• A. .M-— , J. i\''

nPN

■J"

a. If tiK Peed he teihe aiteof«'SobooMioiM*riaCitjr,ToMmor InecKpor^
the words, Board of Behool Trustees toi suet City, Town or Village should be inserted

instead of the words " Trustees of Scnool Section Number ", ftc, iotbe foregoing

fomau ;aeetb»aMi^and96tbBectioB»oftbeAct.

.1 ' . n ^ v:

-r-r-f

I .Ar! ! ,.

NtU. A copy of a blank 0-.dn of the'Abnual Scbool Report (o be filed op ap AftywMr dad
to tlie Loeujuperintendent'biefore tbe l^th of January in oaeh v^ar, w^ tofumialv^ to
each set of Trustees/'Tor tbe items of Ififornnatlon to be ihcluvled'b) thl Repoi< sefe tl^
19th clause of tbe 12th S«>ction of tbe Oommun <)h:hool Act, 13tb s&n i^Mt viet,, ehep. 48.

According to tbe e*trt<£iitA uttion of, tbe Aci, any Trustee 4riUuUr rigBfaigiti ^Ise
report, will reiider himself liable to a severe penalty ; and albu, iciedrdbi^tp uiemfMMi
dmu of Hat tttt^k uction, LatbeevieatorhisreftisiQgor wilfully negleetiiag, u anj
tiae, y» perftnm bis duty.

N. B. Remarks on the Duti^ ^ TnuUu will be fo*md in tbe QepffralJRtgi^aUgMt
ehapba- VI, section d. Tbe list of Scbool Books, Maps, &c., authorised by the Codbtil of
Public Instructton tat Upper Canada, with their prices annexed, wUl be fbunu on paBfr

es.

It is to be observed, that, according to the ^Uenth ciauu of tbe twelfth uOum. it h
thedatyor esch Oorporatiovi of Trustees to procure atttnuUfy, •< for tbe benefit O^^tlmr
School Section, Mome perwdical devoted to Education." The price of such a. pcilcdlftU
is, of course, to be cbarfred by tbe Trustees to tbe contingent expenses of their School
Section, and Included iu the School S^te.

jsat^MBtuosm —

■!h. SI-

CHAPTER IL

PORMS FOR TEACHERS OF COMMON FCHOO^-S;

BsoTioifl. Fom ^ a TsadUrie Seeti^t*

1. Formef a.Rempt t<» Parents or GuanjUtna Qn the p(|y,niei|t of ttteir
Rate Bill.

Received from [hew lorite the name of the Pupil or person paying] th«
sum of [herewriiethemm inioords] currency, in payment of the E8t*.e Bill
due firom [here toritethe name of the person in tonoso behalf payment is

made] to School Section No. — , in the Township of -, for the [month

or quarter] endii?2 the day of——, 18 .

IHitedthis day of , 1£ . A. B., Teacher.

BsMAaKs. When the payment of the Rate Bill is made hy the Parent or Guardian
concerned, tbe receipt should state it accordingly.

The payment of the Rate Bill to the Teacher, within the time which may be prescribed
by the Trustees, win «ycinpi the person thus paying it from the payme.u of the Collector's
fees. The Teivuer should, of course, apprise the Collector of all payments made to
bim, so tbat the Collecto: may not be at the trouble of calling upon such persons ; and
should the Teacher not inform the Collector of suc-i payments within the time prescribed
by tjbe Trustees, he should be liable to pay the Collector the usual Fees for the unnecessary
troub'e imposed upon him by such Teacher's neglect.

^ Votm of a Receipi to Trustees.

Received from the Trustees of School Section No. — , in the Township

of — — » the sum of [here write the sum in words] currency, in payment

of my salary in part [or in full] for the [month or quarter,] endiue the

day of , 18 — A. B., Teacher.

j^ofd;/^«y^f>

3Kiventof tlieir J

tiicnoN 1 Form iff TiadUr's drtmlar Notiet ttf tkt QuarUr/y E g mtim titm tf hit

School.
■' .' School Section No.

Sir,— In conformity with the 3rd clause of the 16th Section of the Com-
mon School Act, 13tb and 14th Vict., Chapter 48., .he Quarterly Exami-
nation of the School Section No. — ,• will be held on — — day, the of

, when the pupils of this School will be publicly examined in the

several subiects which they have been taught during the quarter now
closing. The Exercises will commence at 9 o'clock, A. M., and you are

respectfully requested to attend them.

lam, Sir
To C D. , School Trustee, or Visitor.

your obedient Servant,

A. R, Teacher.

Remakks. a copy of the above Notice ought to be sent to eaci of the Trustees, and
to as many Visitors of the School Section as possible. Clergyinen are School Visitors ol'
any Township iu which they have pastoral charge ; all Jud^s, Members of the Legis-
lature, Members of the County Council and JusUccs of the Peace, are School Visitors of
the Township in which thfy reside. The Teacher should address a circultir notice to
thv,8e of them who reside within two or three miles of his School ; he is, also, required
to give notice, through his pupils, to their Parents and Guardians and to the neighbour-
hood, of the Examination.

Fur Holidays and Vacations, see Ctentral Reguiatiotu, Chapter VI, Section 1. For
Bemaiks on the Duties qf T^eackert, see the same Ct<iapter, Section 3, pages S7 and 99.

Sectiom 3. Form of a Teaeher'g School Regi$t€r.

[A Blank Form will be prepared.]

NoTB. As ihs first elaute of the thirty-jirgt Section of the Act contemplates the dlsui -
bution of the School money to the several sections of a Township according to the attend-
ance of pupils at School, and not according to School population, the Teacher who tkils
to keep n, full and accurate account of the attendance of pupils at his school, lessens tlie
resources of the School Section. No Teacher is entitled to ais salary who n^lects to
keep a full and accurate School register. On the other hand, according to the tkirtenMi
Section of the Act, any Teacher who shrill keep a false School Register, or make a fslse
School return, will render himself liable to a severe penalty.

N.B. The order of the Trustees delivered to a Local Superintendent will be the Super-
intendent's authority and receipt for the cheque upon the County or Sub-Treasurer, and
that cheque will be the Treasurer's receipt for the amount specified on the face of it

CHAPTER III.

FORMS FOR TOWNSHIP COUNCILS.

Section 1. Form of Notice to he riven by tne Township Clerk to theptt on designated
by the Municipal Authority tr appoint the time and place of the first School Ssdion
Meeting,

Township Clerk's Offick,

18—

Sir,— 1 have the honour to inform you, that in conformity with the 3rd
clause of the 18th seciion of the Common School Act, 13th and 14th Vict.,
Chap. 4Bj the Municipal Council <f this Township has authorized and
required you, within twenty days after receiving this notice, to appoint the
time and place of holdinj? tiie first School Meetmg for the election of three
Trustees for School Section No. — , which School Section is bounded and
may be known as fullows : [Here insert the description of it,] Copies of

m 'i

1*' '

!)■■

ill!

1 'I

','1'

your Notice are to be posted, in at least three public places in the School
Bectiou above described, at least six days before the time of holding such
meeting. ..;, . . I am, Sir,

-' Your obedient Servant,

r(cr,..» 'i! ,:(>,■:.•'••/':.■:;.'; 1,; ' ivvm . .k': ■■■< A. B., Township Clerk.

tLvkinu. In notifying the formation of several School Sections, or the formation or
pmfa qf Sectiont, the phraseology of the notices should be varied, at the discretion of
the Townabip Clerk, and in accordance with the proceedings and directions of the
Coaneil.

The Notices of School JsaeBtmenU, and Assessments for the erection andfurniaking
cf Schoul-houtes, for the^rchaxing of School Sites, tfC, may be given in si^ch a man*
ner as the Council shall direct. ' ' ■ .

For Form qf Deed for a School Site, Asc, see Chapter I, Section 12.

Section 3. Form of intimating „o Trustees the alteration of their School Section.

Township Clerk's Orrici,

-^'' •■•'■■■■ ■■''"' •■'■ ■ ' ■■ ' 18—.

Sib,— In conformity with the 4th clause of the 13th section of the Com-
mon School Act, 13th and 14th Vict. chap. 48, 1 have to acquainv you that
the Municipal Council of this Township has altered the School Section of
which vou are Trustee, in the following manner : [Here insert the changes
which have been made, and int description of the new School Section.]
These changes will so into effect from and alter the twenty-tifth day of
next December, according to the 4th clause of the 18th Section of the Act.

You will please communicate this notice to the other Trustees ot your
School Section. I am, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

A. B., Township Clerk.
ToD. E.,

Trustee of School Section No.—, Township of

Rbmark. In giving notice of the formation of Union School Sections, see the remarks
tt tt^e end of the following «>cctJon 3.

SacnoR 3. Form of intimaimg to the Local Superintendent of Schools the alteratiom

cfa School Section,

TowHSHip Clerk's Office,

18—.

Sir,— In conformity with the 4th clause of 'he 18th Section of the Com-
mon School Aci, 13th and 14th Vict. Chap. 48, I have to acquaint you that
the Municipal Council of this Township has altered School Section, No.
— , in the following manner : [Here insert the changes which have been
made, and the description of the neio School Section.] These changes go
into effect from and after the twenty-fifth day of next December, according
to the 4th clause of the 18th Section of the Act.

I am, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

A. B., Township Clerk.
The Local Superintendent of Schoob
tor the County or Township of .

N. B. When the Union School Section is formed or altered, as authorized by the 5t!i
Proviso of the Mh clause of the 18th Section, the Clerk of the Township in which the
School-house ot' such Union Section is situated, should communicate the requisite notices
to the partici concerned. See 6th proviso of the 4th clause of the 16th Section, compared
wltb tbB 4tb Section of the Act.

ioi

chool Section.

see the remarks

[« the alteratiffm

CHAPTER IV.
FORMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR COUNCILS AND TRUP-

TEES IN CITIES, TOWNS, AND INCORPORATED VILLAGES.

1. The forty-seventh and twenty-Jlfth sections of the Act require the
Mayors of Cities and Towns and the Towu Reeves of Incorporated
Viliages to call the first School Meetings in their respective Municipalities
for the election of Trustees. The sections of the Act referred to aie so
explicit as to the manner in which such notices should be given, that it
would be superfluous to insert any form for them in this place.

2. According to the twenty-sixth section and the ninth clause of the
twenty-fourth section, the annual and special meetings for the election of
Trustees, and for any other school purpose, are to be called by the Board
of School Trustees of each City, Town, or Incorporated Village. The
notices in every such case should be signed^ in behalf of the Board
of Trustees, by the Chairman or Secretary,-— should be given to
the taxable inhabitants of the city, town, ward, or village concerned,
and should specify the object of the meeting called. With these remarks,
the forms for calling annual and special school meetings in townships
by School Trustees, given in the ^r^^ cAajs^er of these Forms and In-
structions, will afford a sufficient directory to Trustees in Cities, Towns
and incorporated Villages for calling similar meetings. The same refer-
ence may be made in respect to the forms of School Rate bills and
agreements with Teachers, as far as it may be thoujrht expedient to
adopt them.

3. School Trustees of Cities, Towns and Incorporated illagf&^, will
also adopt such forms as they may think proper, in laying, from tim - to
time, before their respective Councils estimates of the sums required bv
them for Common School purposes ; likewise in preparing for publication
th^ annual reports of their proceedings, as required by the eleventh clause
of the twenty-fourth section. To facilitate the performance of the duty
required by the latter part of the same clause, a blank annual report will
be prepared and transmitted to the Board of Trustees in each City,
Town and inoorporated Village. This remark does not, of course, apply
to incorporated Villages the current year (1850,) until the end of which
their present School iSection divisions and Trustees remain unchanged,
and will report as heretofore by filling up the blank reports provided for
them.

4. The School Registers and Visitors' books kept in each Common
School of any City, Town, or incorporated Village, are the same as
there required to be kept in each Common School of a township ; res-
pecting which, see remarks in chapter I of these l^orrns and lustractioni.

wninwmiwiniii

CHAPTER V.

FORMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR COUNTY COUNCILS,
COUNTY BOARDS OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION, AND LOCAL
SUPERINTENDENTS OF SCHOOLS.

1. The Duties of County Councils, or the Councils of Unions of
Counties, (see 48th section) are so clearly stated in the several clauses
of the twenty-seventh Section of the Act, that it is needless to make any
explanatory romarks in reference to them ; nor is it necessary to furnish
any forms for bonds of security required of County Treasurers or Sub-
Treasurers of School moneys, or forms of notices required of each County
Clerk to each Local Superintendent of his appointment and of the amount
of money apportioned to th«>> Township or Townships of his charge, and
to the Chief Superintendent of the name and post-office address of the
County Treasurer and of each Local Superintendent of Schools in the
County, and ^Iso transmitting to the Chief Superintendent a copy of all
the proceedings of the County Council on School matters, and an ab-
stract of the auditors' annual report to the Council.

The Treasurer of each County, City or Town (see section 42) should
either apply personally, or appoint some person at the Seat of Goyern-
ment, to apply and receive the Legislative School Grant apportioned to
such County, City or Town. The proper form of a Power of Attorney for
that purpose must be familiar to every officer concerned ; also that each
such Power of Attorney must be witnessed, siguod, and forwarded ia
dt:. Silicate.

2. On the fidelity and ability with which County Boards of Public
Instruction fulfil the functions assigned to them in the 29th section of
the Act, depend the character and efficiency of the Schools a<j affected by
the character and qualifications of the Teachers. Much has been said
about incompetent Trustees and their employment of incompetent Teach-
ers ; but Trustees cannot employ such Teachers by means of the School
Fund, unless such Teachers are licensed to teach. It therefore remains
with the County Boards (chiefly with the Local Superintendents) to say
whether a penny of the School Fund shall be misapplied in payment of
any intemperate, immoral, or incompetent Teacher. In giving certificates
of qualification, County Boards should not, therefore, regard individual
applicants, but the interests of youth, the deslinios of the rising and
future generations of the country. As the fifteenth Section of the Act
recognizes the validity of Local Superintendents' certificates of qualifica-
tions until the expiration of the current year (1850,) the functions of
County Boards in this respect will hardly commence unt ' the year 1851,
before which time a Programme of Examination and Instructions, as

'•?•

rNCfLS,
LOCAL

Anions of
il clauses
lake any
furiiieh
) or Sub-
\i County
e amount
rgtfi and
is of the
lis in the
>py of all
d an ab-

i) should
Govern-
lioned to
;orney for
:hat each
arded in

tf Public
ection of
Fected by
leen said
itTeach-
ie School
remains
s) to say
^'inent of
irtificates
ndividual
ising and
r the Act
lualifica-
ctions of
3arl851,
tionsi as

Mtborized by the Aeen^-iiMitfc Seotion of- the Act, will be prevlded,
Mcordioff, to which the fqtuxo e^cami^vtioi^ ai^d cli^^Cf|tiQ|^,of Teaphtri
will be conducted aod determined*

3. No Lecal SuperinMiderU will need a form for notitying, the Tmi*
teea of each School Section within his jurisdiction Qf the amount of the
School Fund apportioned to such Section for any one year ; or of a/om.
of cheque upon the County Treasurer or Sub-Treasurer for school
moneys in behalf of legally qualified Teachers. No explanation can
make the important duties of each Local Superintendent plainer than the
several clauses of the thirty-first Section of the Act ; and the form of
conducting the correspondence which the duties of his oflke requires, is
left to his own judgment The Chief Superintendent of Schools will
furnish each Local Superintendent with a bUnnk annual report for hipufilf:
and for the Trustees of each School Section within bis charge.

MUCELI.ANEODa REXARKS.

1. JppeaU to tki Ch^f Superintendent qf Sehoole, ^-c— All parties concorned, in the
operation of the Common School Act have the right of appeal to the Chief Super-
intendent of Schools ; and he is authorised to deciite on such questions as toe not
otherwise provided for bv law. But for the ends of Justice— to prevent delay,
and to save expense, it will be necessary for any imrty thus appealing to the Chief
Superintendent : 1. To Aimish the party against whom tbey may appeal, with a cQri^etlii
copy of their communication to the Chief Superintendent, in order tliat the opposite
party may have an opportunity of transmitting, also, any explanaUon or answer that
such party may Judge expedient. 2. To state expressly, in the appeal to the . Chief
Superintendent, that the opposite party has thus been r ' led of it. It must not be sup-
posed that the Chief Superintendent will decide, or form tin opinion, on any point affect^
ing different parties, without hearing boUi sides— whatever delay may at any time be
occasioned in order to secure such a hearing.

2. The foregoing directions do not, of oour:«, refer to commuoications askiog t^
advice on doubtful points, or prudential measures of a local or general character.

3. Comtnunieationa generally.— The parties concerned are left to their own discretion
as to the forms of all communications, relating to Oommon Schools, for which spwifis
Forms are not furnished in the foregoing pages.

4. Ail communications with the uovemment, relating to Schools conducteu unde^ the
authority of the Common School Act, IStband 14th Victoria, Chapter 48, should be ijOfM^
through the Education Office, Toronto.

5. Communications with the Government, not so made, are referred back to tlie
Education Office, to be brou^t before His Excellency through the proper DepartmeMF—
which occasions unnecessary delay and expense.

CHAPTER VL

GENERAL REGULATIONS FOR THE ORGANIZATION, GOVERNMENT ANJP

DISCIPLINE OF COMMON SCHOOLS IN UPPER CANADA ;

Adopted after nature coiuideraUfm, hj the Comal of PiMie Inttruti^om, m authoriud

»y tk« Ad, mh and Wh Victoria, ChapUr 4@, Section 39.

Section 1. Hours of Daily Teachinf, Holidayu and Vacations.

1. The hours of teaching each day shall not exceed six, exclusive of all
the time allowed at noon for recreation. Nevertheless, a less number of
hours for daily teaching may be determined upon in any school, at the
option of the Trustees.
r3

TijP!'!^^^^^^'" T^rryW-^W'v

3. Etery iltMEoate Saturday shtU be a hdiday ia each school, '..nsnomna

3;' 'There shall be three vacations dut'Fhg each year ; the first, eight days,
at Easter; the second, the first two weeks in Aogust ; the third, eight
days, at Christmas. >^ .

4. All Bgreemenis between Trustees and Teachers shallbe stibject to the
ibregoiDg regulations ; ^nd no Teacher shall be deprived of any part ofhis
salary on account of obsierving. allowed Holidays and Vacations. ..^1

. Section 2. DutitM of Truttttt.

1. The full and explicit manner in which the duties of Trustees are enu>
merated and stated in the several clauses of the twelfth section of the Act^
renders it unnecessary to do more, in this place, than make some expository
remarks on the nature of the general duties of Trustees, and the relations
subsisting between them and the Teachers whom they employ. The law
invents Trustees with most important functions ; they are a corporation,
and as such, the owneiship andcontrolof the School site, SchooUhouse,
and all the property attached thereto, is vested in them ; they are to provide
aod furnish the School-bouse and premises, and apparatus and text-books
for the School ; and they alone have authority to employ the Teacher.
Their duties are, therefore, of the greatest importance, and they should be
well understood.

2. While the Trustees employ the Teacher— agree with him as to the
period during which he shall teach, and the amount of his remuneration —
the mode of teaching is at the option of the Teacher t and the Local
Superintendent and Visitors alone have aright to advise him on the subject.
The Teacher is not, a mere machine, and no Trustee or parent should
attempt to reduce him to that position. His character and his interest alike
prompt him to make his instructions as efficient and popular as possible ;
and if he does not give satisfaction, he can be dismissed according to the
terms of his agreement wi'.h his employers. To interfere with him, and
deprive him of his discretioi^ as a Teacher, and then to dismiss him for
inefficiency, which is the natural and usual result, is to inflict upon him a
itouble wrong, and frequently injures the pupils themselves, and all parties
concerned. It should then be distinctly understood, as essential to the
Teacher^s character, position and success, that he judge for himself as to
the mode of teaching in his school, including, of course, the classification
of pupils, as well as the manner of instructing them. It is, nevertheless,
the duty of the Trustees to see that the school is conducted according to
the regulations authorized by law.

3. It is therefore important that Trustees should select a competent
Teacher. The best Teacher is always the cheapest. He teaches most,

and 'incnloates the bett hibits of learninc^ and mental dcveloj^menty in •
given time ; and time and proper habila are worth more th^n moneyy
both to pupils and their parents. ■ Traateee who pay a Teacher fairly and
punctually, and treat him properly, will seldom want ti good Teacher.
To<f)niploy wa incompetent person, beoause he offers his incompetent ser-
vicee for a small sum, is a wast0 of money, and a mookery and injury of
the. youth qf th.« neighbourhood* We entirely concur with the National
Board of Education in IreUmd, in the following estinmte of the qualities
of a good Teacher :—

'* ATeacher should be a person of Christian sentiment, of calm temper, and discrctiODt
he should be imbued with the spirit of peace, of obedience to the law, and of loyalty to
his Sovereign -, he should not only iwssess the art of communicating knowledge, but be
capable of iDOulding the mind of youth, and of giving to the power, which education
confers, a useful direction. These are the qualities for which Patrons [or Trustees] of
Sctiools, when making choice of a Teacher, should anxiously look.M " t i . > . ; '^^ .< . ^

4. Trustees will always find it the best economy to hav^ a commo-
dious School-house, kept comfortable, and properly furnished* It is as
difficult for pupils to learn, as it is for the master to teach, in an unfur-
nished and comfortless school-bouse. -^ '. i . -■.■ !;■ .; Im.; --^ .li,. J> i i

5. lu the selection of Books to be used in the school, from the gener-
al list authorized according to law, the Trustees should see that but one
series of Reading books, one Arithmetic, or one for the beginners and
another for the more advanced pupils, one Geogiaphy, &c. should be
used in any one school, in order that the scholars may be classified in the
several branches which they are studying. Heterogeneotis school books
(however good each book may be in itself) render classification impossi-
ble, increase tho labour and waste the time of the Teacher, and rietard thie
progress of the pupils. But the Teacher and pupils labour at the great-
est disadvantage, when they are compelled to Use books wbioh are as
various as the scholars' ivames. . . , u-.,.

Sections. — Dutieg of Teachers.

>s i:-.

The sixteenth section of the School Act prescribes, in explicit and
comprehensive terms, the duties of Teachers- ; and no Teacher can le-
gally claim his salary who disregards the requirements of the law.
Among other things, the Act requires each Teacher to " maintain proper
order and discipline iu his school, according to the forms and regulations
which shall be provided according to law." The law makes it the duty
of the Cliiff Superintendent of Schools to provide the forms ; and the
Council of Pxiblic Instruction prescribe the following regulaiions for the
guidance of Teachers in the conduct and discipUne of their schools. '"

It shall be the duty of each Teacher of a Common School ;.— ...it;;

1. To receive courteously the Visitors <appointed by law, and io afford
them every facility for inspecting the books used, and to examine into

•V'VT.T" ■ tr'^'^SK:

l!> ,»:

it.':

li!' ;;,

tb« fUito •{ tb* Mbool ; to hw th« Vititon* btfok open, tb*! the Viai-
toM majr* if tbty- cbooaoi «ii(er romailui in it. Tho frequency of viiito
to Ui« eohool by intelligent peraoM, nnimntee tho pupili, aad § reatly
Mdf tbo faitbful Teaober.

- 9. To keep tbo Regtiteri aecvrately tad neatly, according to tbe pre*
•oribod fonni ; wbich ia the mere important under the prea-jnt School
Act, ao tho 81st eeotion of it anlhoriaes the distribntion of the 'oeal school
ftind aoeording to tbo average attendance of papife attending each sehoel.

3. To classify the children according to the bookn used ; to stndy
tboao books himself; and to teach according to the improved method
zooonoMnded in their prefaces. . ,

4. To observe himself, and to impress upon the minds of the pupils, the
great rule of regularity and order,—* ▲ timk and a plack for KyaRTTHiMo,

AND KVERTTHING IN ITS PROPER TIMS AND PLACE.

6. To promote, both by precept and example, cleanliness, neat-
WBSS, and dbcenct. To efiect this, tho Teacher should set an ezaample
of cleanliness and neatness in his own person, and in the state and gen>
oral appearance of the school. He should also satisfy himself, by personal
inspection every morning, that the children have had their hands and
faces washed, their hair combed, and clothes cleaned and, when neces-
sary, mended. Tbe school apartments, too, should be swept and dusted
every evening.

6. To pay the strictest attention to tho morals and general conduct
of bia pupils, and to omit no opportunity of inculcating the principles of
Troth and Honesty ; the duties of respect to superiors, and obedienc*
to all persons placed in authority over them.

7. To evince a regard for the improvement and general welfare of bis
pupils, to treat them with kindness combined with firmness ; and to aim
at governing them by their affections and reason, rather than by harsh-
ness and severity.

8. To cultivate kindly and affectionate feelings among his pupiils ; to
diacoantenanoe quarrelling, cruelty to animals, and every appsoach to
vice.

Section i.—J)taie$ of Visiton.

1. The thirty-second section of the Act provides that all Clergymen
recognized by law of what(^ver denomination. Judges, Members of the
Legislature, Magistrates, Members of County Councils, and Aldermen,
shall be School Visitors ; and tbo thirty-third section of the Act pre-
scribes their lawful duties.

2. Tbe parties thus authorized to act as Visitors, have it in their
power to exert an immense influence in elevating the character and

pre

promoting the efficiency of the schools, by identifyingf themselves with
them, by ^visiting them, encouraging the pupils, aiding and counselling
Teachers, and impressing upon parents their interests and duties in the
education of their offspring. In visiting schools, however, Visitors
should, in no instance, speak disparagingly of the instructions or man-
agemeot of the Teacher in the presence of the pupils ; but if they think
it necessary to give any advice to the Teacher, they should do it pri-
vately. They are also desired to communicate to the local or Chief
Superintendent any thing which they shall think important to the inter-
ests of anjj school visited by them. The law recommends Visitors,
•• especially to attend the Quarterly Examinations of the Schoole." It is
hoped that all Visitors will feel it both a duty and a privilege to aid, on
such occasions, by their presence and influence. While it is competent
to a Visitor to engage in any exercises which shall not be objected to by
the authorities of the school, it is expected that no Visitor will introduce,
on any such occasion, any thing calculated to wound or give offence to
the feelings of any class of his fellow Christians.

3. The local Superintendents are School Visitors, by virtue of thei^
office, and their comprehensive duties, as such, are stated with sufficient
minuteness in the 3rd clause of the 3l8t section of the School Act. While
each local Superintendent makes the careful inquiries and examinations
required by law, and gives privately to the Teacher and Trustees such
advice as he may deem expedient, and such counsel and encouragement to
the Pupils, as circumstances may suggest, he will exhibit a courteous and
conciliatory conduct towards all persons with whom he is to communicate,
and pursue such a line of conduct as will tend to uphold the just influence
and authority, both of Trustees and Teachers.

4. Too strong a recommendation cannot be given to the establishment
of Circulating Libraries in the various Townships, and School Sections.
A Township Association, with an auxiliary in each School Section,
might, by means of a comparatively small sum, supply popular and useful
readi"^ for the young people of a whole Township. It is submitted to the
serious attention of all School Visitors, as well as Trustees, and other
friends of the diflTusion of useful knowledge.

Section 5. Constitution and Government of Schools in respect to Religious and

Moral Instruction,

As Christianity is the basis of our whole system of Elementary Edu-
cation, that principle should pervade it throughout. Where it cannot be
carried out in mixed Schools to the satisfaction of both Roman Catholics
and Protestants, the law provides for the establishment of separate Schoolsl
And the Common School Act, fourteenth section, securing individua.
rights as well as recognizing Christianity, provides, •' That in any Model
or Common School established under this Act, no child shall be required

>,i%i

■ i

IP"!''

I ^ If

1 H'!'

to read or study in or from any religious book, or to join in any exercise of
devotion or reliL'ion, which ehall be objected to by his or her parents
or guardians : Provided always, that within this limitation, pupils shall
be allowed to receive such religiousinstruction astheir parentsor guardians
shall desire, according to the general regulations wnich shall be provided
according to law."

In the section of the Act thus quoted, the principle of religiousinstruction
in the schools is recojjnized, the restriction witliin which it is to be given
is stated, and the exclusive right of each patctii inui ^uardian on the subject
is secured, without any interpusitiun frum Trustees, Superintendents, or
the Government itself.

The Common School being a dai/, aad not a hoardinfr sApol, rules
arising from domestic relations and duties are not required: and as the
pupils are under the care of their parents and gnitrdians on Sabbaths, no
regulations are called fur in respect to their attendance at {)ublic worship.

In regard to the nature and extent of the daily religious exercises of the
School, and the special religious instruction given to pupils, the Council
OF Public Instruction for Upper Canada makes the following Regu-
lations and Recommendations : —

1. The public religious exercises of each sciiool shall be a matter of
mutual voluntary arrangement between the Trustees and Teacher; and it
shall bs a matter of mutual voluntary arrangement between the Teacher
and the parent or guardian of each pupil, as to whether he shall hear such
pupil recite from the, Scriptures, or Catechism, or other summary of reli-
gious doctrine and duty of the persuasion of such parent or guardian.
Such recitations, however, are not to interfere with the regular exercises
of the school.

2. But the principles of religion and morality should be inculcated upor
all the pupils of the school. Wnatthe Commissioners of National Education
in Ireland state as existing in schools under their charge, should charac-
terize the instruction given in each school in Upper Canada. The Com-
missioners state that "in the National Schools the importance of religion
is constantly impressed upon the minds of children, through the works
calculated to promote good principles and fill the heart with love for reli-
gion, but which are so compiled as not to clash with the doctrines of any

E articular class of Christians." In each school the Teacher should exert
is best endeavours, both by example and preccp!, to impress upon the
minds of all children and youth committed to his care and instruction, the
principles of piety, justice, and a sacred regard to truth, love to their
country, humanity and universal benevolence, sobriety, industry, frugality,
chastity, moderation and temperance, and those other virtues which are the
ornpment of society and on which a free constitution of government is
foup'' ^ ; and it is the duty of each Teacher to endeavour to lead his pupils,
as their ages and capacities will admit, into a clear understanding of the
tendency of the above mentioned virtues, in order to nreserve and nerfect
the blessings of law and liberty, as well as to promote their future happi-
ness, and also to point out ir* them the evil tendency of the opposite vices.
By Order of the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada.

Education Office, Toronto.
Adopted the 5th day of August, 1850.

J. Geokoe Hodgins,

Recording Clerk.
C.P.I.

LIST ON SCHOOL BOOKS.

Published under the direction of the Commissioners of National Educa*
tion in Ireland"— prepared by practical and experienced Masters— and
recommended by the Council of Public Instruction for Upper Canada,
to be used iu Canadian Schools ; together with the maximum retail prices
at which those Books will be sold, by parties re-printing or importing
them. (Thtt Council oi Public Instruction has also recommended
Lennie's Evfflish Qr< inmar, and sanctioned the use of Kirhham*$
English Grammar and Morse's Geography. J

CURRENCT.

First Book of Lessons, lis 2d

Second ditto 8

Sequel to Second Book, 1

Third Book of Lessons, 1 4

Fourth ditto 1 8

Fifth ditto (Boys') ,2

Reading Book for Girls' School, 2

Introduction to the Art of Reading, 1 4

Spelling Book Superseded, 1 U

English Grammar, 8

Keyto ditto, 4

Epitome of Geographical Knowledge, 3 4

Compendium of ditto, 1

Geography Generalized, by Professor Sullivan, 3

Introduction to Geography and History, by ditto, I

First Arithmetic, 8

.,Keyto ditto 8

Arithmetic, in Theory and practice, 2 8

Book-Keeping, 1

Keyto ditto 1

Elements of Geometry, 8

Mensuration, 1 4

Appendix to ditto, ^.. 1

Scripture Lessons, (O. T.) No. 1, 1

Ditto (O. T)No. 2, 1

Ditto {N. T.)No. 1, 1

Ditto (N. T.)No. 2, 1

Sacred Poetry 8

Lessons on the Truth of Christianity, 8

Set Tablet Lessens, Arithmetic, 2 4

Ditto Spelling and Reading, 1 4

Ditto Copy Lines, 2

Map of the World, 24

'♦ Ancient World 18

•• Europe, 18

♦* Asia, 18

*• Africa 18

*• America, 18

" England, 18

" Scotland, 18

»* Ireland, 18

" Palestine, 18

:»> 'i ,")<

'"W'jr*

CIRCULARS

FROM THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS TO

THE VARIOUS MUNICIPAL AND OTHER OFFICERS CONCERNED IN
THE ADMINISTRATION OP THE NEW COMMON SCHOOL ACT FOR
UPPER CANADA.

[CiRCVLAR.]

[official.]

To the Wardens of Counties and Unions of Counties in Upper
Canada^ on the Duties of County Municipal Councils under the
ntto Common Sthool Actj \^lh and 14M Vict, Chapter 48.

Edocation Office,

Toronto, July 31«t, 1830.

Sir,

I have the honour to transmit to you herewith, a copy of the
new Common School Act for Upper Canada, which, having passed
the Legislative Council and Assembly, received the Royal sanction
and came into force on the 24th instant ; and I desire to direct the
attention of the Council over which you have been chosen to pre-
side, to the duties which will devolv^ upon it under the provisions
of this Act.

Though the Act is new, the provisions of it are mere renewals
of the provisions of the general School Act of 1846 and the City
and Town School Act of 1847 — combined into one Act, with a
new and more simple arrangement, and such additional provisions
as experience has suggested, and the progress of the schools and
the new system of Municipal Councils seem to require. The du-
ties of the County Councils under the new School Act are substan-
tially the same as were those of the District Councils under the
School Act of 1846, with this exception, that the County Council
is relieved from the task of forming and altering school-sections,
and of considering applications and levying assessments for the
erection and repairs of school-houses.

Under our present system of Municipal Councils, a two-fold
provision has been made to enable the people, through their local
representatives, to meet together and manage their local affairs :

)LS TO

IRNED IN
ACT FOR

t Upper
mder the

-48.

list, 1830.

py of the
ig^ passed
sarction
lirect the
1 to pre-
rovisions

renewals

the City

I with a

Irovisions

ols and

The du-

substan-

nder the

Council

Sections,

for the

Itwo-fold
>ir local
affuirs :

The one is by the meeting of the representatives of the several
Townships collectively in County Councils ; the other ia by the
meeting of the several representatives of a Township in such Town-
ship separately. It is the several Townships that act in the one
case as well as in the other ; but in the one case they act coUective-
li/f and in the other separately. Of course some diversity of opinion
may naturally exist as to the precise parts of a school system
which can be best managed by the Townships '.n their collective or
separate representative capacity. After large consultation and
much consideration, it has been decided that the Townships separ^
ately can best arrange the boundaries of school-sections and do
what may be deemed expedient in providing school sites, and for
erecting and repairing school houses and imposing other school-
section assessments ; but that the Townships can best consult
collectively in regard to the selection of proper School Superintend-
ents, and can best arrange for the more uniform, certain and punctual
providing and payment of the local assessment moiety of the
School Fund.

It will be seen by the first section of the new School Act, that
all lawful proceedings and obligations of every description which
have taken place under former school acts are confirmed until fulfil-
led or iiiodified according to the provisions of this Act. The du-
ties ol lh<^ County Council are specified in the several clauses of the
27th section of the Act.

1. The Jirat and immediate duty of the County Council will be
to cause to be levied upon the several Townships represented in the
Council a sum or sums at least equal (clear of all charges of col'
lection) to the sum or sums of money apportioned to them for the cur^
rent year out of the Legislative School grant. That apportionment
I have notified to the Clerk of your Council, as required by the 35th
section of the Act. If any of the Township Councils in your County
have anticipated the apportionment of the Legislative grant, and have
levied a sum or sums for the payment of the salaries of teachers equal
to the amount of the legislative grant apportioned to such munici-
palities therein, then it will be unnecessary, in such cases, for the
County Council to impose any further assessment. But in every
case the County Council must see that the local assessment part of
the School Fund is available to Teachers before the end of the
second half-year — the Legislative grant part of it being payable" at

: Shi;! .!

'fit.

iJicrJ

I'i

the end of the first half-year. In the neighbouring^ state of New-
York) this order of proceeding is reversed. The County assessment
part of the School Fund must be imposed and collected and attested
to the State Superintendent, before tha State part of the Fund
apportioned to any County can be paid. In my circular addressed
to Wardens of District^;, and dated January 16th, 1848,* I called the
attention of Municipal Couprils to the great injustice to Tetxhers,
and injury to the efficiency of the school syslem", arising from the
non-payment of the local assessment part of the School Fund at the
end of the year. Several Councils provided forthwith for the future
punctual payment of the amount of the local school assessment
prescribed by law, on or before the fourteenth day of December of
each year. Whatseve.al Councils so promptly and advantageously
did in the cases referred to, the new School Act requires to be done
in every case,

2. The securing, and mode of 'paying, the local School Fund is
another subject which will engage the attention of the County
Council. The new School Act contemplates but one financial
officer and his subordinates in each county. If the payment of
the School moneys in each District by one financial officer (in the
person of the District Superintendent of Schools) has, during the
last few years, been attended with no inconvenience equal to
the advantages of it, of course no greater inconvenience will be
experienced by confining the payment of such moneys to the
County Treasurer. But if the County Council doom it expedient,
it can appoint any number of sub-Treasurers, even to the Treasurer
of each Township as a sub-Treasurer, duly providing for uniformity
of responsibility and obligation in the method and punctuality of
payments of school-moneys. Under this system, local Superintend-
ents will be under no temptation, at any time, from considerations
of personal convenience, to withhold or delay the payment of school
moneys ; they will be relieved from keeping financial accounts, and
from giving sureties as heretofore. The mode of accounting for
the expenditure of school-moneys will be extremely simple and com-
plete* No receipts need be given or ttiken. The order of the
Trustees in behalf of a legally qualified Teacher will be the Local
Superintendent's authority in each in:laijce, for his cheque upon

See App9ndix to the Provin«iaI School Report for 1847, page SI.

the County-Treasurer or Sub-Treasurer ; and the Local Superin-
tendent's cheque will in each instance be such Treasurer or Sub-
Treasurer's receipt for the school-money paid out by him. The
duty of the County Auditors will be plain and easy ; and the school
moneys will behest secured against every kind of misappropriation.

3. The next most important duty which the new School-Act
devolves upon the County Council, is the annual appointment of
Local Suptrintendents of Schools. I believe that it is generally
agreed that it is not expedient or desirable to have both County and
Township Superintendents ; but as to which class of these local
school officers should be provided, there is considerable diversity of
opinion — some preferring a County Superintendent, others desiring
Towniliip Superintendents. The new School Act leaves the de-
cision of this question to the choice of the Local Representatives
of the people assembled in County Councils — each Council having
authority lo appoint a School Superintendent for each Township, or
for two, three or four Townships, or for a County, provided it does
not contain more than one hundred Schools. In some municipali-
ties, where the duties of the office have been very imperfectly dis-
charged, doubts are entertained by many persons as to the utility
of the office at all ; but this is not the case where the office is filled
with ability,diligence and skill; and School Countries are unanimons
in their judgment and practice as to the vast importance of an
efficient local inspection and supervision of schools.*

* The following remarks, from a late New-York School Report, deserves
the deep attention of all Municipal Councils, School Trustees and other
friends of popular education:

" The success of schools is based upon two things which are closely con-
nected and mutually dependent on each other ; viz. the pre-eminent moral
mul intellectual qualifications of teachers, and the active and vigilant super'
vision of inspectors to render the methods of teaching more and more perfect.
If either of these be wanting, the whole fabric receives a shock from which
it is unable to recover.* The great and important object is to have good
schools. To have none is a great disadvantage ; bat to have bad schoolB
in which error is tauijht and learned, is a great misfortune. A superintend-
ing power is the main spring of all schools. A moment's reflection will
satisfy any one that the whole must hinge upon it. If the education of the

Fieople be seriously taken up, we may rest assured thai the whole vigor and
ifeof that education will depend upon the system by which it is to be regu-
lated. If it be weak and insecur?, the schools will make no advance ; tney
may, by some transient circum-tacices, have a momentary success, but the»«
will be no security that they do not speedily fall back into a deplorable statg
oflangour. If, however, these schools are placed under a vigorous and active
government, the spirit of that government will be communicated to every
part of the machine, and will impart to it life aad motion."

'%^

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;v V;''V-

JM !1

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I -4

The new School Act, by'fixing the minimum of the allowance of
a Local Superintendent, has relieved the Municipal Council of what
has often proved an embarrassing and thankless duty. During the
last session of the New-York State Legislature, a Bill was introduced,
on the recommendation of the State Superintendent of Schools'and the
Report of a Select Committee, providing for the abolition of the office
of Town Superintendents and the appointment of a School Superin-
tendent for each Legislative Assembly District — analogous to an
electoral riding with us. The salary of each Superintendent was
fixed at $500 per annum. There are 128 Assembly Districts and
11,000 Schools in the State— giving an average of about 86 schools
to each Superintendent, who was required to visit each school twice
a year, with a remuneration of nearly six dollars per school. With
us, under the new School Act, the Local Superintendent is required
to visit each school under his charge at least once in each quarter,
and to deliver a public educational lecture in each section once a
year, besides various other duties prescribed by law ; and the min-
imum of his remuneration is fixed at one pound per school — a less
sum than is given to Local Superintendents by most of the Town-
ship Councils from which I have heard the present year. Persons
who ofier their services at a very low figure in order to get an of-
fice, generally do little thai is of any value after they get the office,
and then justify their inefficiency by the plea that they do more
than they are paid for. It is of very little importance to the people
at large whether a Local Superintendent receives a few shillings
more or less per school ; but it is of the greatest importance to
them and their children, whether an able supervision be provided
for their schools. Under the provisions of the new School Act,
new and feeble Townships can be provided with an efficient School
Superintendence, and aided, if not altogether relieved, in regard to
its remuneration.*

.IW"

w^c-i

i|i^.-'

• This provision in regard to the duties and minimum of Local Superintend-
ents, 1 first submitted to the consideration of the Government on the 23rd of
February, 1819. It formed the 23rd Section of a then proposed " Draft of
Bill making further provision for the improvement of Common Schools in
Upper Canada,"— designed to remedy the defects of the then existinff
School law, and to adapt it to the provisions of Mr. Attorney-General
Baldwin's Municipal Council Bill, then before the Legislature. The fol-
lowing are the reasons I assigned for this vr<>vision :

"The Twenty-third Section confers upon 'J ovvnship Superintendents, with*
in the limits of their respective jurisdictions, the powers of District Super*

The School Act imposiag upon a local SuperiDtendent not only
niiseellaneous duties which require judgment, and knowledge of men
9nd things, but a visitorial examination of each School once> a
quarter, (which, if conducted as the law expressly enjoins, cannot
be performed in more than two Schools a-day,) and a lecture Qn
education in each School Section once a year, and the examination
of Teachers for tho Schools, the County Council should spare no
pains to search out and appoint men as local Superintendents who
will command public attention as lecturers, who understand the true

Mend-

l3rd of

>aft of

)ls in

sting

Inerai

fol-

ath-
iper-

mtendents, with two vitally important provisos : — The one fixing the mini-
mum of the allowance to Township Saperintendents, fat one pound per
School J the otherprescrlbing additional duties of the highest importance
to the progress of Cfommori Schools [namely, that the Superintendent should
visit each School once a quarter, and deliver a lecture on Education in eajh
Section, once a year.] Without these provisos, I think the system of Toum-
«Ai/> Superintendents will prove a failure, as it has done in the State of New-
York ; with these provisos, I think it will add very greatly to the efficiency
of our Common School System. In the ' Municipal Corporations Bill,* 1
perceive the minimum of allowance to certain officei-s is orescribed by law;
and 1 think such a provision absolutely essential to the etnciency of the office
of Township Superintendent. The inefficiency of the late office of Town-
ship Superintendent was, I am persuaded, chiefly owing to the absence of
the provisos which I here propose. In some instances, persons offered to
perform the duties of Township Superintendent gratuitously, and such offers
were invariably accepted ; but that gratuitous zeal soon subsided ; and as
gratuitous service is irresponsible service, those who performed it consider-
ed themselves entitled to gratitude for the little that the/ did, rather than
liable to blame for the much that they did not. Besides, when there were
rival candidates for the office, the lowest bidder almost always received the
largest suffrage ; but when once in office, he would proportion his work to
his compensation. Such was the tendency' and practical effects of the sys-
tem ; although there were many honourable exceptions. And a still worse
effect of that system was, the appointment, under such circumstances, of
many incompetent persons. The first proviso which i propose, will remove
all competition for the office upon pecuniary grounds ; and while the com-
pensation will be such as to secure the services of competent persons, the
duties enjoined by the second proviso can hardly be discharged, or even at-
tempted by incompetent persons. The second proviso will prevent the
Councils from appointing persons who are not competent to prepare and
deliver lectures ; and persons who are competent tc do that will be most
likely to be qualified to inspect and superintend the Schools— their qualifi-
cations for which will be necessarily increased by their obligations to pre-
pare public lectures on such subjects. The second proviso wili produce,
per annum, 12,000 school visits of Superintendents, mstead of 3,000, as at
present, besides, 3,0[)Q public school lectures, — one in each School Section
in Upper Canada. The vast amount of good which will result from such
an arrangement, can scarcely be estimated." — ** Correspondence on th4
subject of the School Law for Upper Canada," lately laid before, and printt4
by order qf, the Legislative Assembly, page 32.
g3

I-

It-

II-

i'fi

r ■! ■

11^'

"10

l^eiples of school or^niKation and the improved ihodet of iehool
Ce&chitigi who will do juetice to the great interests entrusted to
them by their examinations of teachers, their visitations of schoots,
atad their patriotic exertions to diffuse sound education and know-
lege as widely as possible. I doubt not each County Council will
respond to the spirit of the New- York State Superintendent of
BchoolS) when he says, "h is fervently hoped that in every election
liereafter to be made of a Local Superintendent, the most compe*
tent individual) without reference to sect or party, will be selected.
On such a subject, where the good of their children is at stake, men
should dismiss their narrow prejudices, and tear ia sunder the
shackles of party. They should consult only the greatest good of
the greatest number of the rising generation. They should direct
their preferences to those only who are the ardent friends of youth-
ful progress — to those only, the smoke of whose incense uiTered in
this holy cause, daily ascends to heaven ; whose lips have been
touched with a burning coal from the altar."

And as the selection to the office of Local Superintendent of
Schools should be made upon the sole ground of personal qualifica-
tion and character, and irrespective of party considerations, so
should the duties of the office be performed in the same spirit.
During the recent discussions in the Legislative Assembly on the
School Bill, it was averred on all sides that the office of Chief
Superintendent of Schools was and should be non-politicbl — that
whatever might have been the political opinions of the incumbent*
or of his mode of advocating them, previously to his appointment
to office, that, as in the case of a judge, he should take no pan in
pariy political questions during his continuance in office. On this
principle I have sacredly acted since my appointment to office, as
was admitted in gratifying terms by all parties in the discussion
referred to ; and I think the same principle should be insisted upon
by each County Council in respect to each local Superintendent of
Schools, and should be faithfully acted upon by every person filling
that important office, thus makin? it equally confided in by aU
classes of the community. I am sure every Municipal Council in
Upper Canada will agree with roe, that the entire superintendence
of the School system, in all its parts and applications, should he
perfectly free from the spirit or tinge of political partizanship — that
its influence, like the genial light and warmth of the sun, should be

: ,-.r

r Bchool
UBted to
schoots,
I know-
ncil will
Ddent of
election

compe*
selected*
ikO) men
Oder the

good of
Id direct
f youth-
ifered in
ive been

ndent of

[uaiificar

;ions, 60

e Bpirit.

y on the

)f Chief

ul— that

lumbenty

nntment

> pan in

On this

ffice, as

cussion

ed upon

ident of

filling

by aJi

uncil in

^ndence

ould he

—that

ould be

Muployed for the equal benefit of tU without tegtrd to yktif, Mdy
or colourt

It Willi of course^ be a matter of discretionary consideration with
each County Council, as to whether it will leave any or all the
Township Superintendents in office during the remainder of the cur-
rent year, before re-appointing or changing them. If not re-ap-
pointed or changed, the present local Superintendents will, of course,
(as provided by the first Section of the Act) be paid for the
current year by the Council appointing them, and according to its
agreement with them. But they must henceforth perform their
dutibs according to the provisions of the new School Act, — tho
basis and authority for all Common School proceedings of every
description. In all cases where the superintendence of Schools in
any Township has not been provided for the current year, it will
be necessary for the County Council to supply that essential instru-
mentality in the payment of the School moneys and the supervision
of the Schools.

4. In respect to the exercise of other powers with which the Act
tilvests the County Council, I do not think it necessary to make
more than one or two remarks. I trust that by the commencement
ot next year, provisions will be made for the establishment of School
libraries, when the County Council will be able to judge as to tho
mode in which it can best employ its legal power for the introduce
tion and diffusion of that most potent element of high civilizatbu.
The County Council is, of course, the best judge whether and to
what extent it may be desirable and expedient to make provision
^ to give special or additional aid to new or needy School Sections^
on the recommendation of one or more local Superintendents." It
will be important that the County Council see that all balances of
School moneys yet unexpended and in the hands of any local Super-
totendent, and all Township Assessments for raising part of tho
csirrent year's School fund, be paid Into the hands of the County
Treasurer or Sub-treasurer, and expended and accounted for in th«
manner prescribed by the Act.

5. The spirit in which the provisions of the new School Act
have been, generally speaking, discussed and adopted in the Legi»-
lature, I regard as an omen for the good of our country, and worthy
of imitation in all Municipal and Local School proceedings through-
out Upper Canada. Party difierences were not permitted to mar

llii'

i!!ir.E

,Uiis great meaiBure for the education of the people ; and aUhoagh
there were individual differences of opinion among men of different
parties as to some details of the Bill, yet men of all parties united
in the support of its general principles, and in an earnest desire and
effort to render it as perfect as possible in all its provisions. I
hope that ho party spirit will be permitted to impair the efficiency
of its administration in any Municipal Council, public meeting or
Corporation. In the great work of providing for the education of
the young, let partizanship and sectarianism be forgotten ; and all
acting as christians and patriots, let us each endeavour to leave our
country better than we found it, and stamp upon the whole rising
and coming generations of Canada, the principles and spirit of an
active, a practical, a generous, and christian intelligenoe.

,^ -,,.;, I have the honour to be, Sir, ,•■;./ i
i !< . . !' Your obedient servant, •: -

L. RruRSOir.
To the Warden of the County of .

^Ml .•

■II

[CIBCULAR.] ' ; ' • , -;

To Vie TotvnreeveSf on the Duties of Tofwnahip Councils undbr
the new Common School Act for Uj^er Canada.

i ' '■ Education Office,

'^ '■■';. •• • ' '- . Toronto, mk Augusty tSK.

In the eighteenth, and two following sections of the new
Common School Act for Upper Canada, (a copy of which I
herewith transmit) special powers and duties are conferred
upon Township Councils, in addition to the general powers
given them in the third clause of the thirty-first section of tUs
Municipal Corporations' Act, 12th Victoria, chapter 81. On
the duties which are thus devolved upon Township Councils,
and this part of our School system, I think it proper to offer a
few practical remarks. ,

?T^

Uhoagh
iiffereiiit
3 united
sire and
ons. I
Hciency
eting or
ation of
and all
save our
le rising
it of an

RSOlf.

unikr

sty 1890.

he new
^hich I
iferred
powets
of tU9
On
luncilsy
lofTer a

As in common life, there are some things which each indi-
vidual can do best alone, and other things which can be best
accomplished by combination with others ; so in our Municipal
and Common School systems, there are some interests which
can be best promoted by the Townships separately, and others
which can be best consulted by the union of several Townships^
assembled, through their representatives, in County Council.
The line of demarcation which the Legislature has deemed it most
natural an(] advantageous to draw, in prescribing the respective
duties of Township and County Councils, (that is of Townships
separately and collectively,) in the administration of the School
system, I have pointed out in my Circular to County Wardens;
and I need not, therefore, further allude to the subject in this
place.

1. The authority and duty of the Township Council to levy
assessments on certain conditions for the purchase of school sites,
the erection of School-houses, and other Common School pur-
poses, are so plainly stated in the first clause of the 18th Sec-
tion as to require no other remark than this — that the inhabitants
of each School Section ought certainly to be the judges as to
assessments levied upon them for the school purposes of theii
own section, and their wishes should be carried into effect
without regard to the opinions of any person not belonging to
their Section ; and as the Councillors are the proper represen-
tatives of the Township on Township affairs, so should the
Trustees of each School Section (or a majority of them) bo
regarded as the representatives of such Section in its School
affairs. Such are the true principles involved in this clause of
the Act.

2. The second clause of the 18th Section of the Act, author-
izes the Council, at its discretion, to establish a Township Model
School. The attempts of local Councils to establish Model
Schools have thus far proved entire failures ; and, with one
exception, 1 think the money applied by the Councils and from
the School Grant for such Schools, has done little good. Tho
late District Councils liavo, in every instance except one, aban-
doned the attempt. I would suggest to each Township Council
to consider such a matter well before undertaking it. To the
success and usefulness of a Model School, a model teacher, at

wmw

H-' ■•

■

I'
fill!.

any expense, is indispensable, and then a Model School-house
properly furnished, and then Judicious and energetic manage-
ment. ■; . . •' ; -^; .' * , 1,1 ■:■.■.;. ..c. ; "i • ■' [ ;i.'t,».ri'. ■-, ,;;

3. The third anAfoutt/t clauses of tliis Section, relate to tlie
authority and duty of the Council in regard to the formation
and alteration of Scliool Sections. The format ion and altera'
tion of School Srrtioiis is a duty, on the judicious performance
of which, the efficiency of the Schools grcutly depends. The
conditions and precautions provided in the new Act relative to
t le time and manner of making changes in the limits of School
Sections, will prevent the recurrence of the evils which h ivo
been experienced and the com])l!unts which have been fro^
(juently made on this subject, and afford due protection to all
parties edected by such clmnges. Tiie duty of forming and
altering Sciiool Sections, which was formerly enjoined upon
District Councils, now devolves upon Townsiiip Councils. I
know not that 1 can add anything on this point to the remarks
which 1 UKide in my (irst Circular addressed to the Heads of
Ilistrict iMunicipal Councils, 1st I'ciober, 1846. Subsequent
experience has only confirmed me in the corr^^ctness and in>-
portance of those remarks, which areas follows : —

•• IVIuch— very iinioh — in roRiK'ct to the rfflciciicy of romnion Sc liools (iopoiii!n upon
ttjie maimer in whicli the [irovit-ioii of tlio law is actoil ii|POii. Tlin tt'iuiency is to forto
luiiall Scliool Sorliwi:-! ; (mcIi luirciit is auxiout* to liavo tlu' t'rliool-liouhO an closo to liis
own door as iioysii)lc. I5ut tho evil of forming small t^chool tri-ctions is as prcat as tlio
local tciuloiicy irJi<lrotig. 1 havi- t)oen much improsnod with the mn;^iiitude ol this evil by
the reports of School Siiprrinlondents anil Inyi)Cctor.-i in the ►r'tates of Massacliiisetts and
Is'ew Yorli— countries similarly situatp<l to our own, and whose exiM-rience on this im-
portant suhject is iiiulily valuable to us. Tiioy reiircsent that the etliciency and useful^
iiCHM of their Hchools has lioen iireatly n^tarded iiy the unwise multiplication of School
(»»!ctions — thus umltiplyiuf; tirlile ami inetlicient Schools, &c., sulidividing the resourcrs
of thi' inhal)itants, as to put it out of their power to huihl proper School-houses, or sup-
jwrt competent tenchers without incurring a hurtlien which they are unwilling, if not
unable to luvir. Tiie same documents also contain many curious statistics, jiroviiig that
yu an average, the pmtvlual attendance an<l prajideiicif of |)upils residjnjf from one to
two miles from the School far exceeds that of those pupils who reside within a less dit*-
tancp. The purport of these statements is to show, that proxhnity to the School is not
ijbstnitial eitlier to the punctual attendance or to the proficiency of luipils, 'J'he managers
of Touunon School education in these States have of late years directed their particular
attention to prevent aiul remedy this evil of small School Sections ; and they detail many
examples of lienelicial success. Some of the iulvantapes of large School Sections are, the
U'risening of the liurtluMi 1 pon each inhahitant, in estahlishing and sup(»ortinR tlis
echools •, theerection of l:e::.T liuildings, and the llroc^rin^' of greater conveniences for
instruction •, the employment of better teachers, and, therefore, the benefit of better ed»i«-
cation for youth. The subject is, therefore, submitted to tlie grave cousideratiou of tlM
C'amicil, whenever the e' 'rcise of this part of its powers may be required."

4. It will be observed that special provision is made for the
fpraiation and alteration ofunton School Sections, consisting of

S(
th
in
th

ol-house
iiannge-

te to \he
)rmation
! altera'
brmnnee
Is. The
lative fo
>f School
icli li ivo
)een fro-
)n to all
ling and
ed upon
ncils. I
remarks
leads of
bsequeoX
1 and im-

(^pMidB upon

y is to (brio

closo to Ilia

frroat as ttio

t this evil by

Inisotts and

on tliis iiii-

aiui iisefiil'-

<)}' Scliool

le ri't-ourcra

(\fj, or Hup-

lling, if not

oviiig th.it

from one to

!i less (lix-

hool is not

le nianagois

particular

iletail many

on s arc, the

|)ortinR tti«

iiicnces for

hotter ediv-

tion q£ Uw

for the
Isting of

parts of two or more Townships, and that alterations ofSections
and the formation of separate Sections, provided for in the 19th
Section, take effect the 'iOth day of December — tiius preventing
the inconvenience resulting from alterations in School Sections,
in the course of the year, and at the same time providing that
the annual returns of children of school age residing in each
Section the last week in December, shall be a proper basis on
which to distribute the School Fund to School Sections the
ensuing year. It is hardly necessary for me to direct the
attention of the Council to tlie notifications required by the
Uiird ani} fifth clauses of this Section of the Act. it is important
that the local Superintendent should be made acquainted with
all proceedings relative to the Schools of which he has the
oversight ; and for that reason provision is made in the 5th
Section, the 12th clause of the VMh Section, and the 5ih clause
of this 18th Section of the Act.

5. The provision of the 19th Section, as far as it relates to
separate Protestant and Roman Catholic Schools, is substantially
the same as that contained in the 55th and 5(jlh Sections of the
School Act of 1943 and in the 32nd and 33rd Sections of the
School Act of 1816, with tiie exception that the present Act
imposes more eifectiye restrictions and conditions in the estab-
lishment of such schools than either of the former Acts referred
to. Under the City and Town School Act of 1847, the estab-
lishment of separate schools in Cities and Towns was at the
discretion of the Municipalities, and not at thatof the applicant
parties. No complaints having been made against this provision
of the law, even in cities and towns, it was at first proposed
to extend the application of the sanie principle and provisions
to Township Municipalities ; but objections having been made
to it by some (both Protestant and Roman Catholic) Members of
the Legislature, the provision of the former School Act was
re-enacted — requiring however, the petition of twelve heads of
families instead often inhabitants, as a condition of establishing
a separate school, and aiding it upon the principle of average
attendance, instead of at the discretion of the local Superinten-
dent, as under the former acts. But notwithstanding the exist-
ence of this provision of the law since 1843, there were last
year but 51 separate schools in all Upper Canada — nearly aa

nrTTT'

■I

si''

many of them being Protestant as Roman Catholic ; so that
(his provision of the law is seldom acted upon, except in ex-
treme cases, aud is of little consequence for good or for evil —
the law providing effectual protection against interference with
the religious opinions and wishes of parents and guardians of
all classes, and there being no probability that separate schools
will be more injurious in time to come than they have been
in time past. It is also to be observed, that a separate school
is entitled to no aid beyond a certain portion of the School-fund
for the salary of the Teacher. The School-house must be
provided, furnished, warmed, books procured, die. by the per-
sons petitioning for the separate school. Nor are the patrons
or supporters of a separate school exempted from any of the
local assessments or rates for Common School purposes.
The law provides equal protection for all classes and de-
nominations ; if there be any class or classes of either Protest-
ants or Roman Catholics who are not satisfied with the equal
protection secured to them by law in mixed schools, but wish to
have a school subservient to sectional religious purposes, they
should, of course, contribute in proportion, d not lax a whole
community for the support of sectarian intei ests,

e. The twentieth section of the Act provides, under certain
circumstances, for the incorporation of all the Schools in a
Township under one Board of Trustees, like all the Schools in
Cities and Towns. This vfould supersede the necessity of the
School- Section divisions of a Township, and establish one in-
terest and one management for all the schools in such Town-
ship. In the State of Massachusetts, this option is given, as
the inhabitants of each town (called township with us^ can have
each school managed by an elective committee of three (anal-
ogous to our Trustees^, or all the schools managed by Select
Men (a Board of Trustees) for the whole town. The Hon.
Horace Mann states that schools managed according to the
latter method, are generally more efficient than those managed
by separate committees. But the towns there are smaller in
geographical extent than our townships. I am not prepared
formally to recommend Township Boards of Trustees ; but I
think it is well for the inhabitants of each Township to have
the power of adopting it, if they desire to do so.

:!!'■■
l!i#

60 that
pt in ex-
or evil —
nee with
rdians of
e schools
ave been
,te school
lool-fund
must be
' the per-
B patrons
ly of the
purposes.

and de-
r Protest
ihe equal
ut wish to
)ses, they
s a whole

r certain
ools in a
chools in
y of the
one in-
Town-
;iven, as
ihave
|ee (anal-
)y Select
'he Hoik
to the
lanaged
laller in
►repared
s ; but I
to btive

7. before concluding, 1 desire to advdrtto the relief which
the provisions of this Act afford Municipal Councils in the
settlement of scUbol-section disputes. Heretofore, a very con-
siderable portion of the time 6\ some Municipal Councils has
been occupied in the investigation and discussion of such dis-
putes, at a heavy expense to the Municipalities, and often to
the satisfaction of no party. Besides, it was hai'dly fair to
make an elective Council a judicial tribunal for the impartial
trial of matters, affecting, in a considerable proportion of cases,
one or more individual Councillors themselves, or one or more
individual constituents, by whom one or more Councillor-judges
had been opposed or supported at municipal elections, or
whose anticipated support or opposition at future elections
might place Councillors in a position equally painful in the
investigation of such matters. It is a grave question of civil
polity, whether popularly elective bodies should be invested with
judicial functions. The judicial decisions of such bodies have
generally been most severely criticized, and have exposed their
authors to more odium than have any other judges been liable
to for their decisions. The judicial decisions of the highest
elective body in the land — ^the Legislative Assembly — have
been questioned even in the smallest matters, — such as a deci-
sion on the conduct of a newspaper reporter towards one of
its own members. I have always, therefore, considered it
impolitic and unjust to Councillors to impose upon them the
task of investigating and deciding upon personal matters of
dispute between their constituents, or in which they themselves
might be considered as interested parties. The new Act is
free from this objection. It will be seen by referring to the
eleventh section, to the 18th clause of the twelfth section, and to
the seventeenth aectioiit that the new Act provides for the settle-
ment of nearly all probable school-section disputes by a' simple
unexpensive system of local arbitration, (without appeal (to
the Chief Superintendent, or to any other tribunal) — a mode of
settling disputes which I hope will soon become general
throughout the province.

8. I hope to have it in my power, in the course of a few
months, to present each Township Council in Upper Canada
with a copy of a valuable work on School Architecture — con-

V' ff

.^.Jiu. .. ,;k> . v , i .. i ifc,i,i I : ,i.i r . r i i , rf ii r|[ i, i . rjB i i..^'.j-^«.

lix

111-'

I;P>'

lift I;''

:.:
»'■'■!'

i ■;

I > at'

if ■

taining a great variety of plans of school-houses and premises,
specifications, and every information necessary to aid in the
erection and furnishing of school-houses, ancLproviding every
description of school-apparatus. I trust that each Township
Council will do honour to its important position in this great
work of the country's education, and by the united and indivi-
dual example of its members, speedily, succeed in rendering a
good school accessible to every child in the Municipality. I
believe the present School Act furnishes greater facilities than
any preceding one for the accomplishment of this object ; a
party, a selfish, a slothful spirit alone can defeat it. . ;^

, i ,; • I have the honor to be. Sir, *,. < j . ,

■ • ' ' ii(i" Your Obedient Servant, : .i,-

" • '■'' ' ■'!"■ ' " E. RtersoIv. ■

[CIRGULAR.]

t >

' ! I : ' ' / • I ; ■ : i I ■ 1 1 : I ',,{, , ■. ■■■> x . t ,', •

To each local Superintendent of Common Schools in Tapper Canada
on their duties^ under the new Common School Act,

'"' ''"' "'■" ''i''; !■ M'". ';■•.•■•■■ :•' Education Office,

• ' ' •! ;' r '■ •; Toronto^ mh August, 1B50.

Sir, — With this Circular you will receive a copy of the new
School Act for Upper Canada, 13th and 14th Vic, ch. 48, and
of the Forms and Instructions necessary for its due execution.

The duties which this Act imposes upon local Superin-
tendents are of the gravest importance ; and it is on the nature
cyf these duties and the manner of discharging them, that I
desire to address you on this occasion. j ; ;; . i . ;

The new Act relieves each local Superintendent from being
a Treasurer of school moneys, from keeping financial
accounts, and from giving bonds with sureties to the Municipal
Council appointing him. The County Treasurer is the respon-
flible officer for the safe keeping and prompt payment of the
Cbunty School Fund, upon the orders of local Superintendents.
Whatever balances of School moneys may chance to be in

••

remises,
i in the
g every
ownship
lis great
d indivi-
lering a
■lity. I
ties than
3ject ; a

IRSOtf.

your hands, should be forthwith handed over to yoUr County
Treasurer— you talcing his receipt for the same. , . ,

1. The duties of each local Superintendent are clearly
pointed out in the several clauses of the thirty-first section of
the Act. The first duty mentioned is, to apportion the School
money notified to him by the County Clerk, to the several
School Sections within the limits of his charge. This ho is to
do according to the average attendance of pupils in each School,
unless otherwise instructed by the Chief Superintendent of
Schools. The local distribution of the School Fund among the
several scliools according to average attendance (the mean
attendance of pupils for both winter and summer being taken)
is an important provision of th^ law, and based upon reasons
which will be found in a note ;"' but it should not be adopted

r Canada

* •

^ICE,
^uitt 1850.

the new
I. 48, and
xecution.

Superin-
le nature
that I

om being

inancial

Municipal

respon-
nt of the
tendents.

to be in

* This provision of the new Act was first submitted by me to the consideration of tte
Governor-General in Council the 14tli October, 1848, in transmitting fthe draft of a short
bill designed to remedy some of the defects of the School law of 1846. The reasom
assigned for the introduction of this new principle into the law relative to the apportJDn-
ment of School moneys, were as follows:—

•* The TweUth Sedion proposes giving a discretionary power for the distribution of the
School Fund In each District to the several Schools, according to atttndance, instead of
according to School ]X}pulation. The IJatb^st District Council has strongly advocated
attendance as the baBis of dibtributing tlic Dlb^t^ict School Fund. As population has been
invariably adopted in all the popular School Laws with which I have met, as the baeda
of distributing the local School Fund of each County or Town, as well aa the State or
National Fund to the several Municipal localities, I hesitated in proposing any other
until within a few months since, when I received the last Annual Report of the Masstir
chusctts Board of Education, in which I find tliis distribution of the School Fund recom-
mended to the Legislature with a force of argument which, I think, cannot bo resisted.
I find experienced persons whom I have consulted of the same opinion. I find on exam-
ination, that in many large School Sections, the attendance of pupils is often not larger
than in small ones. Distributing the School Fund according to attendance will tlierefore
be favourable to small Sections. I find also that the attendance of pupils in new and
poor rural Sections and Townsliips is larger in proportion to the whole School population,
than in older Townships and Cities or Towns. The adoption of the proposed prlncipto
of distribution, will therefore be favourable to the newer and poorest sections of the
country. This is the result of a most extended inquiry into the statistics of School attei^
dance as compared with 8choo\ population in the State of Massacusetts ; and the Secre-
tary of the State Board of Education concludes his argument on this point wUb tiN
following impressive remarks :—

" *Iti8 most obvious, then, that an apportionment of the income of the School Fund,
according to the average attendance of children upon the School — taking the mean of
attendance for both summer and winter schools— would conduce greatly to the benefit
of the smaller, the more agncultujal, and the more sparsely populated Towns. It would
distribute the bounty of the State on the principle of helping those who help themselves.
It would confer the benefit of the income on the children who attend the public Schools*
insteadof bestowing it in behalf of children who attend Academies and private Scbbols^
and never enter public Schools at all ; and thus it would give a practical answer to tbi
pertinent question why money should be given to those who disdain to use it. And,
lastly, it would be a new argument of great weight in many minds in favour of a more
uniform attendance upon ecbool; because, the detention from School of any child wbo

• •

Hi.'

hA
''ii

,, , .,v

1 !;■

1) 'it..

I,)!',"'

'iilfsd 'i

if 'F :!

without previous and full notice to all parties concerned. It
is not, therefore, to beadopted the present year. You will this
year apportion the School money to the several sections within
the limits of your charge entitled to receive it, (as informer
years) according to the ratio of children over five and under
sixteen years of age in such sections respectively, as compared
with the whole number of children of the same ages in the
Township, or each Township, under your superintendence.
In my Circular to County Clerks, I have adverted to the man-
ner in which these data should be furnished to any local Super-
intendent who may not have obtained them.

2. Having apportioned the school money to the several sec-
tions within the limits of his charge, the local Superintendent's
next duly is to pay the money thus apportioned to legally
qualified Teachers, and no others, on the lawful orders o** Trus-
tees. The proviso of the fifteenth section of the Act gives
validity to the certificates of qualification by local Superin-
tendents during the present year. No Teacher who has not
such a certificate, or who cannot procure one, is entitled to
any part of the School Fund. Before the end of the current
year, I trust regulations and provisions will be made for the
more uniform and thorough examination of Teachers, and the
more systematic and equitable classification of them. In my
circular to Wardens of Counties, and in my remarks in chapter
V. of the Forms and Instructions, I have sufficiently adverted
to the manner of paying Teachers, and accounting for School
moneys under the provisions of the new Act.

3. The next, and of all the duties of the local Superinten-
dent, the most vitally important, is the inspection of Schools.

ouglit to te in it, would diminish theTown'a share of tlie income, and thus inflici palpa-
ble injustice, not only on tlic absentee, but ou all other children in the Town,' "

In the last Annual School Report of the Superinlendent of Schools for tlie Btati; of
New- York, laid Itefore the Legislature a few months since, I find the name pruvision
recommended to the favourable consideration of the Legislature of that State, in the fol-
lowing words : —

'• It is respectfully suggested to the Legislature, whether the ratio of apportionment
and of distribution of the school money, might not advantageously Ic so changed as to
have reference to the attendance of pupils upon the district schools, for acertnin specified
period during the preceding year, instead of being upon eitlier populnilon, or tue nuniLer
Of children actually residing in the district. By flic adoption of this mode of distribution,
ata'Ong inducements wouii' be prcBt,nted to the taxable InhaLilaats of the several districts,
to place their chlld'en in the common schools, and to keep tliem tli6rc, for a Bufflciwt
length of time to e€cure an additional share of the publicmoney, , . ,,,

1 1

rtlonineiit
pged as to
] epecifieij
miniljer
Jtrihution,
IdistrictB,
sufflcLut

The provision of the law is explicit, both as to the frequency
and the numner of this inspection. The law requires each
local Superintendent, '* To visit each School within his juris-
diction, at least once in each nuarter ; and at the time of each
such visit, to examine into the condition of the school, as it
respects the progress of the pupiie in learning, the order and
discipKn^ .erved, the system of inetrvction puTBued, the mode
of keepi^ the school registers, the average attendance of
pupils, the character and condition of the building ond premises,
and to give such advice as he shall think proper." I do not think
it is possible for a local Superintendent to observe, with any
sort of fidelity, even the letter of the law, without spending
nearly, if not quite, half-a-day in each School at each visit.
To deal in a few vague generalities on such occasions, and to
make It a kind of exhibition, is a burlesque on the object and
duty of the inspection of Schools. Such an exhibition of gene-
ral results is appropriate at a public quarterly examination ;
but the object of inspection is much more detailed, practical
and thorough, and relates to the mode of proceeding in every
particular of school instruction and government. The infre-
quency and very defective manner in which the Schools have
been inspected in some districts, has given rise to objections
against the very office of local Superintendent.

To perform this duty with any degree of efficiency, a local
Superintendent should be acquainted with the best modes of
teaching every department of an English School, and be able
to explain and exemplify them. It is, of course, the local
Superintendent's duty to witness the modes of teaching adopted
by the Teacher, but he should do something more. He should,
some part of the time, be an actor as well as spectator. To
do so he must keep pace with the progress of the science of
teaching. When young, 1 taught a District Grammar School
some two years, and with some degree of reputed success ; but
the kind of teaching and rchool organization which would, in
many instances, have been applauded in this country twenty-
five to thirty years ago, ought not to be tolerated now. Every
man who has to do with Schools, ought to make himself master
of the best modes of conducting them in all the details of
arrangement, instruction, and discipline. A man commits a

'82

?;,V'

wrong against Teachers, against children, and against the inte-
rests of school educatibn, who seeks the office of local Super-
intendent without being qualified and aible'to fulfil all its func-
tions. In respect to the manner of" performing the visitorial
part of your duties, I have nothing material to add to the sug-
gestions which I made in my circular to District Superinten-
dents of Schools in December, 1846. They are as follows : —

Your own inspection of 'the Schools must be chiefly relied uix)n as the basis of your
judginent, and the source of your information, as to the character and methods of scliool
instruction, discipline, management, accommodations, &c,: and on this suljject, we
ought not to content ourselves with those exterior and general facts which have hitherto
JMsen the speciql, and almost o^ly sijJqectd of Scliool Reports* such as tlie numbei of
schools, that of pupils, their age, the sums expended, &c. These items of information
are of unquestionable importiance ; and every means ought to be employed to render
tliem more exact and complete. But it is not of less importance to know the interior
regime of the Schools— the' aptitude, the zeal, the deportment of the TeacIiCTs— theh-
relations with the pupils, the Trustees and the neighlKjurhood— the progress and attain-
ments of tlic pupils, and, in a word, the whole moral and social character and results of
the instruction given, as far as can be ascertained. Such information cannot be acquired
from Reports and Statistical Tables •, it can only be obtained by si)ecial vi.4ts, and by
personal conversation and observation — bv an examination of the several classes, in their
ditferent branches of wf udy, so as to cnabl^ you to ascertain the decree and elficicncy of
the instruction imparted.

In the Inspection of Schools, I would suggest something like the following order and
subjects of inquiry anacxaininatiort •,—

I. Mechanical Arram^ements. — T^wl',- V^ure of the property ■ the materials, dimensions
.iiid plan of the buildiaa-' ; liow liiiliw d, wurmcd, and vcitWiMi] ; if any class-rooms are
provided for flic separ^ i/; instruction (/f part of the childf ■»! ; if there ii- a lobby, or closet,
for hats, cloakis, bonnets, &c.; how ttio desks and seats ar*- arranged and constructed,
and with what conveniences ; what arrangements for the Teacher ; w hat play-ground is
provided ; what gymnastic apparatus, if any ; whctli^'r there be a well, and proper con-
veniences for private purposes,

II Meant of imirudion, —The Books used in the several classes, under tlie heads of
P.eadinp, Arithiriotir, Geography, &c.; the Apparatus provided, as Tablets, Maps,
Globes, )ii>*rk-board6, Models, Cabinets, Library, &c.

III. Ori/oiiixoiufp. Arrangement of classes; whether each child is taught by the
•(3100 Teacher- ^^ auj Assistant or Assistants are employed, to what extent, how remu-
nerated, and huw qualified.

IV. Discipline,-^ i '' the pupils change places in tl.cir several classes, or whether they
axe marked at each Icsbon, or exercise, according to l,h('ir relative merit ; if distinction
depends on intellectual proficiency, or on a mixed estimate of intellectual proficiency and
moral conuuct, or on moral conduct only ; what rewards, if any ; whctlier cor[)oreal
punishments are employed— if so, their nature, and whrthcr Inflicted publicly or privately •,
what other punishments are used : whether attendance is regular ; what religious exercises
nro observed, atul what religious instruction is given, if any.

V. Method of /iiMruction.— Whether mutual, or simultaneous, or individual, or mixed ;
if irnitual, tho number of Monitors, of what iittainmonts, how appointed, how employed ;
if si/iHjltaneouK, that is, by classes, to what subjects of instruction : whether the sinjul-
taneo'is mrtJiod is not more or less mingled with individual teaching, and on what sub-
jects ) to wlutt extent tlie irit/iUqctual, or £hc mpre rote metliod is pursued, and on wjfiat
»ul)ject8 ; hovi' '■" "if' i/.t,.rc^,|/'./!v/> method only is used ; whether the suggestive method
k employed; v/- .«) method is resorted to; how tfie attaiimients in the
imt^/ttn nie vai../-.^ astca- ;<y individual oral interrogation -by requiring written
Mmw*^9 Ut written ffiieations—cf by requiring an abstract of tfie lesso/i to be written from

VI MtuihiHUttt Hf P%jnl».—\. In Reading ; whether they can read imperfectly,
decent!/, or wi*i> ea«; ttui " prcssion. 2. In Writing; whetlier they can ;vrite at all, or

be inte-
Su per-
ls func-
sitorial
he sug-
jrinten-
ows : —

sis of your
s of scliool
ibject, we
ve hitherto
iiuinbei of
iforination
to render
le interior
liers— their
,nd attain-
d results of
)C acquired
ittJ, and by
!0s, in their
licicncy of

I order and

dimensions
3-rooins are
y, or closet,
onstructeu,
ground is
)roper con-
ic heads of
its, Maps,

!ht by the
liow remu-

lether they
llistinction
Jency and

corjioreal
brivate^y ;

exercises

pr mixed -,
I li ployed ;
^iiiml-
i'liftt sub-
on w/uu
|e method
Its in the
written
ten from

crfectly,
lat all.or

Imperfectly, decently, or with ease and elegance. 5. In Arithmetic ; whether acquainted
with Notation and Numeration, Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division, or not,
respectively ; wliether skilful in them ; whether acquainted with the Tables of Moneys,
Weiglits, Measuj-es, and skilful in them ; whether acquainted with the compound rules,
and skilful in them ; whether acquainted willi the higher rules, and skilful in them ;
whether acquainted witli the exercises in mental arithmetic, and skilful in them. 4. In
Grammar; whether acquainted with its divisions, rules of orthography, parts of speech,
their nature and modifications, parsing, composition, &c. 5. Geography, History, Book-
keeping, &c. ; iheordor of questions, suggested by the nature of the subject. The extent
and degree of minuteness with which the inspection will be prosecuted, in respect to any,
or all of the foregoing and kindred subjects, must, of course, depend on circumstances.

4. Another most important duty required of each local
Superintendent is, ** To deliver in each School Section^ at least
once a-year, a 'public lecture on some subject connected with the
ohjects, principles f and means of practical education" The
education of a free people is, to a great extent, a system of
voluntary exertion. There may be a good School law, and
there may be a large School fund ; and yet education may
decline. Massachusetts without a farthing's State School Fund
until since 1835 (and it amounts now to only a few thousand
dollars a-year) has nobly advanced in the sound and universal
education of her youth ; while Connecticut, with the largest
School Fund of any State in America in proportion to her
population, has ignobly declined in the same great work of
patriotism and humanity. In a " Pbize: Essat [published in
the appendix to the last School Report of the State Commis-
sionerj on ike necesHty and mean» of improving the Common
Schools of Conntscticutf" I find th« following, among many
similar statements : —

A few years since, the nameofConnetCcut was mentioned In connexion with Common
Schools, with honor, only ; it is now, in this connexion, coupled witli expressions of
doubt and regret, and that by wise amd sobet men. Uef large State endowment is
described as having put her ctfectually asleep, as having sent her to "Sleepy Hollow,"
from the influence of which, when she is arouseri fora moment, it Is to talk: of her noble
School Fund and James Hillhousb, just as fn, '.A«f Winkle did of hie neighbours who
had been dead forty years. The School Fund '"^ i .ted every where out of Connecticut —
we venture to say it is quoted in every other Stnte in the Union— as a warning and exam'
pie to deter them from giving the proceeds of tiieir own funds, eiCv pt only on the condi-
tion, that those who receive, shall themselves raise as nnlch as they take, and report
annually as to the results. Those who go front other Htates into Co mecticut, can hardly
credit the testimony of their own senses when tiiey are forced to believe the apallty that
prevails. Every newspaper and every lectu'.ef out of Conneelirut, high and low, igno-
rant and knowing, sneers at tlie Connecticut School Fund, and thf present condition of
Connecticut Schools. — Those who go from Cohnfcticut into olbcr States, and from
them into Connecticut, feel a shock in the traiisitiuu. It is like going from a cellar into
sunshine, or from sunshine into a cellar. W^e know an intelligent gentleman who linn
eeen his scores of years, who has recently removed from Rhode Island into the " Innd of
steady habits," and can hardly understand or believe that tiie apathy which he finds, can
be a reality. The writer has within a few years made the change the other way, from
Connecticut to the Bay State. He, too, has l)een forcibly Imprei^aed with the contrast.
In one particular, this contrast is very striking. In Connecticut, the people have been
(>ersuaded, tliat to be taxed for the Bup{>ort of Cx)mmon Schools ia a levy uiion the poor,

'J !

f:.

Iff

'i'

for the schools of tlie rich. In Massachusetts, the people knote that all such taxes are a
lawful tribute from the rich, for the iienefHof the poor. We have seen in the latter State,
In a crowded town-meeting, a thousand hands raised as by magic, to vote the largest of
two sums named by a School Committee, a sum which was nearly a dollar for every
Individuil of the entire population, men, women, and children. The motion was made
by one or the wealthiest men in the town, whose own children were too old to attend the
public School. It was supported by others wealthier than he, and having no interest of
tiieir own in the Schools.

These facts demonstrate that the onward progress of the
education of a country does not depend, primarily or chiefly,
upon a School Fund or School law, but upon the spirit and
action o^ the people ; and the great object of public School lec-
tures is, to awaken that spirit and arouse this action. The
law requires that a voice should be lifted up on this subject in
every School Section in Upper Canada ; the commanding
authority of that voice will depend upon the ability, the indus-
try, the heart, of etich local Superintendent. No man ought
to aspire to the office, or retain it a week, who has not the
heart and ability to prepare and deliver public lectures in a
spirit and manner worthy, in a good degree, of a cause inter-
woven with every vital interest of our country's civilization and
happiness. We cannot be too strongly imp/ossed with the fact,
that the adninistration of the school system is not like that of
any other Department of the Public Service — a vigi)ant and
effective oversight of the execution of the law, the prDtection
and development of the country's resources : the due adminis-
tration of the school system — and indeed, properly speaking,
the great object of it, besides the ordinary administration of the
law — is to excito and maintain as widely, and in as high a
degree, ac possible, among all classes of the community, a
correct appreciation of thd nature and importance of popular
education, and a spirit of intelligence, philanthropy, and
patriotism in the adoption of the diversified means necessary for
the attainment of that end. From the office of the Chief Su-
perintendent, down to the desk of the humblest Teacher, a moral
influence, an energy, a vitality should be sent forth in behalf
of the education of youth and the diffusion of useful knowledge
among the people, if the right spirit glow in the bosom of
every Superintendent, it will appear in every public lecture, in
every school visit, on every proper occasion in the intercourse
of private and public life, and the results will soon be manifest
in every municipality of Upper Canada. On the oiher hand,
great must be the responsibility, and deep the disgrace, of any

fiiill-

Lxes are a
Iter State,
largest of
for every
was made
ittend the
interest of

of the
shiefly,
'it and
►ol lec-
. The
)ject in
landing
3 indus-
L ought
lot the
es in a
ie inter-
tion and
the fact,
) that of
ant and
Dtection
dminis-
eaking,
of the
high a
nity, a
popular
and
ary for
iefSu-
moral
behalf
vvledge
som of
[ure, in
hcourse
lanifest
hand,

any

Superintendent, who shall suffer the interests of Schools to
droop and die, or linger on in a sickly condition, under his
oversight.

5. On the duties of a local Superintendent respecting school
books and attending meetings of the County Board of Public
Instruction, I will not remark at any length. The former
topic I have discussed at some length in my annual School
Report for 1849, — which will be printed, and a copy sent to
you, in the course of a month or two ; and, on the latter topic,
some practical suggestions will be made when the Programme
for the examination and classification of Teachers shall have
been prepared and published. Nor need I here offer any
observations upon the duties imposed upon you by the subse-
quent clauses o^ this thirty-first section ot the Act. 1 doubt not
but the several provisions respecting the support and duties of
the office of local Superintendent, will contribute very much to
its efficiency and usefulness.

6. It therefore remains with each incumbent to say, whether
the spirit and intentions of the law shall be fulfilled within his
jurisdiction, as far as depends on the performance of the duties
of his office. The Act has been passed by the Legislature in
the spirit of a generous nationality ; the spirit of patriotism
prevailed over the selfishness of party during the Parliamentary
deliberations on this subject. The Government duly apprecia-
ted the wants and interests of the whole country in the prepara-
tion of tne measure, and all parties in the Legislature cordially
responded to it. In the seme non-party and national spirit, I
hope to see the law administered. In 1841, the common
school law of the State of New-York was so amended as to
authorize and require the Board of Supervisors of each County
(a body in school matters similar to a County Council with us)
to appoint a County Superintendent of Common Schools. In
a Dig'st of the Common School System of the State of JVew-York,
published in 1 14 by the Deputy, under the auspices of the State
Superintendent of Schools, I find the following remarks, which
I commend to your serious attention : —

As tho usefulness of local Sui^erinteiidents will depend mainly on thf influence they
Khali Ik; udIc to exercise ujwn the officers and teachers of Schoola, and upon parents and
♦he inhabitants of disttic < (generally, tht- will endeavour to deserve that influence by their
(ieportmont, and >nudiously to avoid e""rything which may inipaj- it. Hence it wiii be
udiapensablc that they should abstain wholly and absolutely froiu all intertcrence m auiy

!i'

local divisions, or in any questions by wlilch ttie community in any town or district may
be a^'itated •, and alttiougli tlie^ cannot be expected to abandon tlicir political sentiments,
yet t^ is obvious that any participation in measures to promote the success of any political
party, Kill not only dimish their influence and impair their usefulness, by exciting suspi'
don of the objects of their movements and measures, but unit etpose the ojjice they hold to
a vindicative hostility that will not cease until it is abolished. Tite iuielligence of our
people will not tolerate the idea of the agents of public instruction becoming the emissaries
qf partitan management. .,, .> ,1, . . .■■.',:'■ ^,, .. ; >: /, t.,; '.i.

The conviction expressed in the concluding sentences of this
quotation, has been painfully realized. As party politics ran
high, it was found that the appointments of local Superinten-
dents were made, to a considerable extent, in the spirit of
political partizanship, and the influence of the oflice was fre-
quently employed for partizan purposes. A clamor was soon
raised against the office itself, which resulted in its abolition in
1847. Great efforts have been made during the last two years,
by the State Superintendent and other experienced educationists,
to restore the office, and place it on a better footing than here-
tofore. These facts are admonitory. A man's qualifica-
tions, irrespective of sect or party, should influence his
appointment to the office ; but when once appointed, and during
his continuance- in office, he should act in the spirit of im-
partiality and kindness towards all persuasions and parties.
This has been the avowal of the Government and the sense of
the Legislature in regard to tb» office and duties of the Chief
Superintendent ; and I think it was equally understood and
intended, that no tinge of partizanship should attach to the
supervision of schools, even in the remotest township of the
Province. The spirit of the vow made by the [Prussian School
Counsellor Dintejb, should imbue the heart of every School
officer in Upper Canada : *♦ I promised God, that I would look
upon every Prussian peasant child as a being who could com-
plain of me before God, if 1 did provide him the best education,
as a man and a Christian, which it was possible for me to
provide."

I have the honour to be,

Sir,

Tour obedient Servant,

E. Ryerson.

strict may
leiitiincDts,
y political
ting »uepi'
key hold to
nee of our
i emissaries

I ■ ■ - '

IS of this
itics ran
erintcn-
spirit of
,vas fre-
^as soon
)lition in

years,
itionists,
an here-
[ualifica-
mce his
id during
it of im-

parties.
sense of
he Chief
ood and
h to the
) of the

1 School
School

»uld look
lid com-
ucation,
me to

IRSON.

[circular.] ,

il' .'.»■'. I. »■;■■
.•r ■■n>.
• ■^•."h'ir

• " i.''.|i*""K>1

•;•'•,

To the Trustees of Common Schools in Upper Canada^ on their
duties under the new School Act^ IZth ^ HthfVictoriOf Ch, 48.

•!.wi'

!t n>

' . Education Office,
' ' Toronto, 12th August, 1850.

Gentlemen, — Having caused the new School Act to be
printed, and having provided for sending a copy of it to each
of the 3,036 Corporations of Common School Trustees in
Upper Canada, I now address a few words to you on your du-
ties and responsibilities under the provisions of that Act.

. The Correspondence on the Common School Law, which has
been recently printed by order of the Legislative Assembly, fur-
nishes evidence that in every communication which I have ad-
dressed to the Government on the subject of our school law,
during upwards of four years, 1 have endeavoured to get both
Trustees and Teachers placed in a better position, for the fulfil-
ment of their duties and the protection of their interests. 1 am
happy that the provisions of the new Act contain all that I
have sought for in both these respects ; and I can now con-
gratulate Trustees of Common Schools in Upper Canada on
their being placed in a position more favorable for the efficient
and satisfactory discharge of their duties, than the Trustees of
Common Schools in any State of America. .

The new Act confirms all past elections, appointments, con-
tracts, assessments, rates, &c., while it gives to all parties con-
cerned the advantages of its own provisions in the execution of
whatever may have been commenced or undertaken under the
authority of any previous Act. Nothing, therefore, in any
part of our school operations, is, in the slightest degree deran-
ged ; but Trustees are provided with additional facilities, as
they are invested with new obligations, to fulfil their previous
engagements, and provide for the future interests of the schools
under their charge. The several clauses of the twelfth section
of the Act clearly specify the powers and duties of Trustees,
1 will only ad\ert, at present, to the more important of them.

■)•.

:■

!|!

1. As the Representatives of the people in the Legislative
Assembly determine the amount of money to be expended for
any object, or the salary of any public ojQicer to be employed;
so the Trustees, as the Representatives of the people in a
School Section, have the sole power of determining the amount
of the Teacher's salary, and of the incidental expenses of the
School. They can also procure such apparatus and text-books
as they may judge expedient for the use of the pupils in the
School. But the manner in which the salary of a Teacher and
other actual or estimated expenses of the School shall be raised,
is left to a public meeting of the tax-payers, to be called for
that purpose. Then, if the whole of the expenses are not thus
provided for, the Trustees have authority to raise the balance
in such manner as they may think proper, either by voluntary
subscription, by rates on parents sending children to the School,
or rates on all the rateable property of the School Section,
Trustees themselves (and not a magistrate) issue the neces-
sary warrants for the collection of all rates levied by them on
resident rate-payers. Trustees can also, if they so desire,
petition the Township Council in behalf of any lawful meeting
to impose School Section rates, and the Council is required to
give effect to the request of such meeting, as expressed by the
Trustees. The Common School property of a Section is no
longer vested in the Municipal Council, but in the Corporation
of Trustees, and is therefore liable for debts contracted by them.
Trustees, are, therefore, furnished with every needful security
and means to enable them to establish a good school and pro-
vide for its efficient support. Faithful Trustees are provided
with a still further protection and assistance, in the penalties
which the Act imposes upon those Trustees who refuse or wil-
fully neglect to perform their duties. It has sometimes occur-
red, that Trustees have been thwarted or embarrassed in fulfil-
ling their engagements, or doing their duty, by one or other
of their colleagues refusing to act, and perhaps, in some
instances, actually supporting an opposition school. The 16th
<ilau?e of the twelfth section provides, that ** in case any of the
Trustees sliall wilfully neglect or refuse to exercise such corpo-
rate powers for the fulfilment of any contract or agreement
made by them, he or they shall be personally responsible for the
,f\jMlment of such cpntract or agreement." The eighth section

islative
ided for
ployed;
le in a
amount
I of the
:t-books
3 in the
her and
raised,
,lled for
not thus
balance
luntary
School,
Section.
I neces-
:hem on
desire,
meeting
uired to
i by the
3n is no
loration
y them,
ecurity
nd pro-
rovided
snalties
or wil-
occur-
i fulfil-
• other
some
le 16th
of the
I corpo-
jement
Ifor the
section

of the Act further provides, that ** every person chosen as Trus-
tee, and not having refused to accept, who shall at an^ tima
refuse or neglect to perforhti the duties of his office, shall forfeit
the sum of five pounds ; which sum or sums may be sued for
and recovered by the Trustees of the section, for its use, before
any Justice of the Peace."

it will thus be seen that the Act makes effectual provision
against any person getting into the office of Trustee, and then
refusing or neglecting to perform its duties ; that it affords
ample protection to each Trustee who performs his duties, and
provides every means necessary to enable Trustees to fulfil
their engagements. Instances sometimes occur, ofparents or
individual Trustees refusing or neglecting to pay a Teacher on
the expiration of his engagement,— the Teacher being thus
compelled to leave without the payment of his hard-earned dues,
and a debt thus perpetuated to the disadvantage of a new
Teacher and the future injury of the School. The seventeenth
section of the Act guards against this injustice and evil, by
providing that ** any Teacher shall be entitled to be paid at the
same rate mentioned in his agreement with the Trustees, even
at the expiration of the period of his agreement, until the Trus-
tees shall have paid him the whole of his salary, according to
their engagement with him." This provision will prevent the
injurious accumulation of debts to Teachers in a section, and it
will furnish Trustees, desirous of performing their duties, with
satisfactory reasons for insisting upon the prompt payment of
the rales for the Teacher^s salary ; while it will afibrd protec-
tion to the discharged Teacher against any possible attempt to
wrong him. Then the eleventh and seventeenth sections, and the
18th clause of the twelfth section, provide an easy mode of
arbitration, by which Trustees can settle any difierences which
may arise between them and the Teacher, or other parties in
their School Section.

I know not how a law, founded upon popular principles and
a due regard to the equal rights of all parties, can more effec-
tually provide for the easy ar/. efficient discharge of the duties
of Trustees, the right of each School Section to manage its
own local affairs, and the means and facilities of education for
all its children.
2. On the duties of Trustees in respect to their Teacher and
I

'fit

m ■

jlf

School, I refer you to the second section ol* the General Regu-
lations, prescribed by the Council of Public Instruction, for the
Organization, Government, and Discipline of Common
Schools in Upper Canada. It is needless for me to attempt
to add a word to the practical and impressive views there
expressed relative to the Dutiea of Tru$tee$ ; and I would also
recommend to your special attention the several sections of
those General Regulations, as also the Forms, and remarks
upon them, which I have prepared according to law, to aid
Trustees in the performance of theirduties.

3. It will be seen that the new Act provides every desirable
facility for the establishment of Free 8ch.'Dl$ — Schools supported
by the property of all, and equally free to the children of all
— the only Schools which are, in my opinion, based upon the
true principles of national education, and adapted to national
wants. But I wish every School municipality to be the judge
as to the manner of supporting its own Schools ; and I think
the success of Free Schools will be greatly influenced by the
discretion exercised in their first establishment. As the very
object of a free School and the principle of supporting it, im-
plies a School for the common education of all the children and
youth of a School Section, the first requisite towards its
accomplishment, is to provide a house and Teacher adequate
to that end. To employ a Teacher incompetent to teach all the
school-going youth of a section, and yet to tax all the inhabi-
tants to pay the salary of such incompetent teacher, is mani-
festly unjust. Trustees should, therefore, upon the ground of
justice to all School-rate payers, as well as from regard to
the interests of their child rpii, employ none but a highly com-
petent teacher, when it is determined to have a free school.
A good school and a free school should be convertible terms,
as should an able teacher and a teacher of a free School. Then
will the quality and character of instruction be as much
advanced, as the number of pupils will ua multiplied, with the
establishment ' of every free school. The Appendix to my
School Report for 1849, contains copies of my addresses on
the subject of Free Schools throughout Upper Canada ; and the
Legislative Assembly has ordered a copy of that Report to be
furnished to each School Corporation in the Province, The
report itself also contains the sentiments of local Superinten-

J Regu«
, for the
Common
attempt
'8 there
uld also
lions of
remarks
) to aid

esirable
ipported
m of all
ipon the
national
le judge
I think
i by the
he very
it, im-
iren and
irds its
dequate
1 all the
inhabi-
s mani-
ound of
!ard to
corn-
school,
terms,
Then
much
ith the
o my
)ses on
nd the
to be
The
•inten-

dents and other enlightened friends of education on the subject
of Free Schools. That report will be printed and placed in
your hands in the course of two or three months. I will, there-
fore, dismiss the subject in this place, with the single additional
remark, that I hope, before the year i860, to see the light of
a Frbe School emitting its splendour and imparting its blessings
to every child of every School Section in Upper Canada.

It only remains for me, while I again congratulate you 'on
the auspiqious circumstances in which the new act places you,
to urge upon you the fulfilment of the high purposes of your
responsible office. The destinies of the rising and future gen-
erations of the country are truly in your hands. The youtn of
the land look up to you as the guardians and providers of that
education which will enable them to perform their duties to
their Maker, to their country, and to posterity. Surely you
cannot, you will not betray their interests and disappoint their
hopes. May they have reason to rise up and call you blessed !
May the fruits of your labours place Upper Canada in a posi-
tion of honour and pre-eminence among the other countries of
North America !

1 have the honour to remain. Gentlemen,

Your fellow-labourer and obedient servant,

E. Rterson.

•«««

[circular.]

To ike Ttacher of each Common kool in Upper Canada on ki$
diUjf under Hu neu y^vmtnon 8chool ^cU
^ Education Officb,

<>< Toronto, Utk Augm$t, VSOO.

Sir, — ^The new Common School Act for Upper Canada is now
printed and distributed to all the municipalities and School Sections.
It may be regarded as the great charter of Common School Teachers
in Upper Canada. It stamps their profession with new importance,
and throws over their interests and character the shield of a new
protection. I can now say truly, that T know of no State, where a
popular School system exists, in which the rights and interests of
Teachers are so efiecturJiy , *otected, as under the provisions of the
new School Act for Up|>?s O'anada. The pages of the ** Journal
of Education'* and the *' €o' respondence on the 8^ol Law" lately

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23 WEST '.!)AIN STREET
WEBSTIR.N.Y. MSSO

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printed by 0|rder ,of the Legislative Assem^bly) attest the feelings I
have entcr^ainect and the enbcis 1 have piade to elevate the pos^idn,
projlect the, rights, atid ifppirove t3ie circumstances of School
teachers : and I rejoice to witness the enactment of a law so far
eatijsftictbry oh this ctiibjed, as io prompt W) fof the first time
durityg .Tiy five yeafs^ occupahcyjbf office, to actdress inofficial
di'cular lb, 't^pachei'sV-helTeving that their position and prospects
are now SAi^cjentl^ encouraging to justify nie in holdiiig up the pro-
fession of a 'Teache^ at a cbmtofiable lis well as respectable and
useful employment for liife.

^. l*be ne)V Aci ))r6vides Trustees ojf Common School« with
grater faciMtiesfor raisine^ the salaries o^ Teachers and furnishing
llie Schools with all liiee^nil maps, apparatus, a|id text-boolcs, than
t knbVv of in any oilier couiiti'y ; while, at the same time, it makes
corresponding provision for the punctual payment of Teachers, both
from the Schobl Fund iind School rateis. Vou have only to study
'carefully the provisions of the Act to be impressed with the con-
viction, th^t they have l^ien conceived in ihe spirit of the warmest
regard for Che Interests and e^tiency of the Teacher^s profession,
and contain all th^at can be secured by law to a Teachef) tinder a
system of local self-governnient) where the patronage and emolu-
ments of ^ach $c1ioo1 (beyond the amount of the School Fund
apportioned to each School Section) are in the hands of a local
elective Corporation^ and not of a central Executive, as in other
systems of governjfnenl. The facilitres for Normal School Instruc-
tion to all Teachers who wish to avail themselves of it, ar^ also
gireater, UQder the Ilfcevftl provinioiis of the new Aeti thim in aliy
other country in America. v A taluable series of uniform text-hccks
coming so. generally into use, and the Trustees being authorized tn
supply ail the pupils with them, cannot fail greatly to relieve and
facilitate the lAbours. of the Teacher* It will also be (4>6erved, in
the Regulations which have been m^de tiy the Council of Public
Insiruotibn (.under the provisions of the new Actj) that the inde-
penience of the "K^eacher, in the teacliin^ and classification of his
^cHo.oVis,piac|^^ beyond petty interfei^ence or individual tyranny.
ITnder the moire effective system for examining And licensing
Teacherd a^ provi^j^d. for hy the. new Act/ and, the Programme for
the ,exam,|nat'^Qp anBclassifipatioQ of Te^c!hers to be prepared, by
the/CpupciVof i^uWp InslracU^ ja 'pfoper line of dei^arcf^tion w|ll
bedniwn b^tweetf/Tetcbers ac^oraing to their relative qualifier ijons,

lie

1>^ '(^

feelings I

te posUidn,

of School

aw so far

first time

an official

prospects

up the pro-

etable and

liool« with

furnishing

oolcsi than

}, it makes

ihers, both

\y to study

I the con-

e warmest

profession,

r, under a

md emolu-

hool Fund

I of a local

I in other

si Inslruc-

'■f nr^ also

in in ally

ext-bccks

lorized to

slieve and

lerved, in

of Public

the inde-

n of his

tyranny.

licensing

iQome for

pape4 by

Uion \if^\

fio^ijons,

and ijhJh Teacher will acquire the position and advantage io which
he ill entitled.

3. Such being your position^ relations and prospects under the
provisions of the new School Actf I am desirous of making a few
general remarks and suggestions relative ta your future conduct.
Your general duties are prescribed in the several clauses of the
$txteenih section of the Act) and the rules aeceording to which you
are to conduct your School) will be found in the third and Jifik
sections, Chapter vij of the General Regulitions for the Organiza-
tion, Government, and Discipline of Common Schools, adopted by
the Council of Public Instruction. I ho]^ you will meditate upon,
and make yourself thoroughly acquainted with the intention and
spirit of these requirements of the law and of the regulations
authorized by it. What I have now to offer is of a more general
character.

4. Permit me first to say* value your profession. If you do not
value it, others will not But do not show your estimate of it, by
assuming lofty airs, or making lofty pretensions ; but by making
yourself thorougly master of it, by devoting yonr energies to it, by
becoming imbued with its spirit. Let your actions speak, and let
your heart feel If an orator would have his audience feel, he must
first feel himself; and if a Teacher does not feel, and does not give
proof that he feels, the value and importance of his work, can he
reasonably expect others to do sol We often hear it said,
" Teachers are not respected." But is it not almost as often true,
that teachers do not respect themselves — that they do not act res-
pectably — that they themselves provoke tha disrespect of which
they complain. A Teacher cannot be made respectable by Act of
Parliament. He must make himself so. In every ordinary em-
ployment of life, a man who acts upon high principles, and shows
that he understands and values his business, will invariably com-
mand respect. Nor are the Teacher and his work an exception to
the general rule. Nay, wherever a teacher has shown himself the
possessor of noble principles, and that he understood and loved his
work, has he not commanded respect, and soon acquired command-
ing influence in the neighborhood of his residence 1 I am persua-
ded that the people of Upper Canada do not, to any considerable ex-
tent, disrespect teachers worthy of respect. A people in so young
a Province^ and in the infancy of the school system, who voluntarily
taxed themselves last year to the amount of ivfo hundred and feven*

M,.

I ■ .;

ttf-^e ihoUHtnd dtdUeri (^ontideraUy more in proportion to popula-
lion than the amount raised last year by the people of the State of N.
York) for $aiariei of TetchereTi^otie-^^irrespective of the legislative
ichool grant, and of the aunw aiseitted and collected for the erection
of school-houses and thd incidennil expwisef of schools— cannot but
respect every respectable Tsfidher, It is true that narrow and
mdan riews ato entertained by sotne as to the amount of a teacher's
remuneration, but the samo persons entertain similar views as to
the remuneration of alii public officers. But the number of these
enemies of knowledge and "petty tyrtnts of mental labour, will
diminish as intettigencd' and manly virines advance in society.
The largfe increiase which has already, in many instances, taken
place in the ialaribs of efficient Teachers^ 'and the increasing de-
mand for duch Teachers in various patts bf the Province, indicate a
progress full of encouraging hopes and anticipations for the future.
5. Then, if ybu valud your profesBion y«)urself, employ the proper
means to give it a place, not only in the esteem, but in the interest
and sympathies of others. The profession of a Teacher is a means
to an end ; it exists not for the sake of the Teacher himself, but for
the interests, of society. It is k wOrk indispensible to the progress
and well-being of society. What is the Teacher's work 1 It is to
develop the mind, to mould the heart, and to form the character of
the future citizens, magistrates and rulers' of our land ! It is to
teach and implant that which is the only true guarantee of liberty,
ord«r, and social stability ^^the essential element of a country's
prosperity and happiness. jShow that you sympathise with these
objects— that your heart is in them — that your thoughts and aims
do not terminate in yourself alone, but embrace others, — and espe-
cially encircle the rising generation. Such a spirit, like heat in
the atmosphere, will be diiRisive. Others will imbibe it ; the
indifferent will become interested, and the selfish will begin to feel
the impulses of intelligent generosity ; parents will become increa-
singly anxious fCr the education Of their children, and children
will become increasingly anxious to be educated. In any neighbor-
hood, both in town and country, where any youth are allowed to
grovir up uneducated, a Teacher should be an educational missiona-
ry, as well as an educational pastor ; and every instance of success
will add to his influence and means of support, as well as useful-
ness. No class of men in the country will derive so large an
individual advantage from the progress of society as School-teach-

► papula-
UeofN.

ve
erection
nnot but
rrow nnd
teacher's
ITS as to
of these
>ur, will
society.
iBf taken
sing de-
dicate a
e future.
e proper
interest
a means
'j but for
progress
It is to
racter of
It is to
liberty,
ountry'a
these
nd aims
id espe-
heat in
; the
to feel
increa-
hildren
ighbor-
)wed to
ssiona-
mccess
useful-
rge an
-teach-

erS} and they ought to be intent in efforts to excite every sentiment
and feeling, and to procure and circulate every publication, which
will tend to diffuse education and knowledge: A Teacher who folds
his arn s in slothful inactivity — neither improving in knowledge
himselt, nor advancing it among others— >and yet eomplaintng that
no Hercules comes to his relief, deserves neither respect nor assist-
ance ; while the Teacher who nobly exerts himself in both acquir-
ing and diffusing knowledge, will receive both emolument and res-
pect, if not admiration and applause.

6. The mutual intercourse of teachers — mutual visits to each
others' Schools— ^forming, and meeting occasionally or periodically
in Associations for mutual improvement, and the promotion of prO'
fessional objects,— which are no other than public interests ;-^these
and kindred measures, in connexion with professional reading and
industry, cannot fail to contribute much to the success, enjoyment,
and social standing of teachers. Professional friendships will be
formed ; professional feeling will be enkindled ; professioiuil zeal
and emulation will be exerted ; professional skill and usefulness will
be improved ; and teachers will be more respected by the commu-
nity at large, by thus evincing proper respect for each othen
Faithful teachers have alveady on their side the enlightened part of
the community, the press, thei pulpit, and the Legishiture. Let them
be true to themselves and to their profession. Lord Bacon has said
truly— "Every man owes a debt to his profession". On one occa-
sion some weeks since, I felt pained beyond expression, in witness-
ing certain members of the Bar chiming in with a senseless and
shameful clamour against a profession, to members of which the
American people have at this moment entrusted every department
of their supreme government, and to. the intelligence and patriotic
advocacy of which Upper Canada is indebted for every vestige of her
constitutional and municipal government, and the most valuable
statutes of civil and criminal jurisprudence, as well as the largest
facilities for public education, and some of the finest examples of
personal and social virtues. I hope that no temptation ta pander to
the passions of prejudice, ignorance, or selfishness, will ever in-
duce you to forget the debt which you owe to your profession.
Seek to have it purged of every inebriate, every blasphemer, every
ignorant idler who * cannot teach and wilfnot learn ;' and do what in
you lies to stamp upon it the character of intelligence and virtue, and
make it worthy of that high respect and liberal support which an en-
lightened people will readily award to able teachers of their offspring.

I "

7. I would also offer a word of caution against diicouragement
in your workf or disinclination to it, on account of its comparative
obscurity. It is true, tlie circle of your daily labours is narrow,
and the results of tfaem are remote ; there is little variety in your
employment, and the monotony of it is only varied by quarterly ex-
aminations and short vacations. It therefore requires more than
ordinary patience, perseverance and benevolence to pursue your
work, month .after month, and year after year, with unabated zeal
and energy. Yet your work is now a public profession, recognized
by law, and none but a Teacher examined and licensed according to
law, is permitted to receive a farthing of the public School Fund,
any more than a person not examined and admitted to the Law
Society, is permitted to practice as a Barrister at Law. And th6
results of the work performed in the humble school-house, though
remote, will not be uncertain, and may one day appear in the high-
est position of a free people's gift, or in the most important affairs
of a nation's diplomacy, or in the most honoured relations of parental
and social life. The commo a school-house is the sole educational
college for the vast majority i^^ *.he present youth and future fathers
and mothers of our country. 1 hat accomplished scholar and elegant
writer. Dr. Jared Sparks, President of Harvard University, traces
his early training, and several years of his apprenticeship in teach-
ing, to the common school ; and the great American statesman and
orator, DamiblWbbstbr, is accustomed to refer to the common school
as his first alma materj in which was laid the foundation of his future
character. Through long months, and in retirement and solitude,
the Italian painter occupied his brush on a single piece of canvas;
but that canvas has, age after age, imparted instruction and delight
to hundreds of thousands. For years did the Grecian sculptor, in
almost exiled seclusion, employ his uhisel on a single block of mar-
ble ; but that marble has survived the wreck of empires, and still
commands the admiration of the refined of all countries. Let the
practical philosophy of these facts be engraved upon the heart of
every right-minded Teacher, and it will sweeten his toil, and add
fresh attractions to every successive year of his increasingly skilful
and efficient labours.

I remain. Sir, t . -

iv f ' L,!j; : . Your faithful friend and servant,

£. Rtbrson.

;!(:..!

5*:

ragement
iparative
I narrow,
in your
terly ex-
iore than
suD your
ited zeal
cognized
>rding to
ol Fund,
he Law
And th6
, though
lie high-
it afiairs
parental
icational
i fathers
1 elegant
Yf traces
n teach-

En and
ichool
future
lolitude,
canvas;
delight
ptor, in
of mar-
nd still
Let the
leart of
Lud add
skilful

lOJK,

~i-

NOTICE TO TBE LOCiAL SUPERIlfTENUENTS OF SCHOOLS,

,; AND TUfi TBVerr^Va of DISTftlCt OaAnMAR SCHOOLS TROUG^-

;vf„': tf. A.,;.;,.,!.:.:!,^:,; a^j.^.m. ,'.v:E»ucATipif Office, .> --

..I .: ..- ,')

in'<»i;t • <t', OIH," 'it'

Toronto, 8Ui October, 1950.

' ' Sy te'^i'sWdii' of the ^b&Y IlcC l,3th and 14th ticioria,

(jbapter 48, the Board of Trustees of the Crammar^oiiisols and th^

Local ^perintendents of Schools in each County or tTnion of

Counties, fire (i^nstituted a Board o^ Public Instruction for such

County, or Uiiibn of bounties ; and under the authority given in

the 35th section, and 4th clause of said Act, I h^tehy appoint the

first meeting of dacli County Board o\ Public Instruction to be held

on Thursday, the /(mrice»ii3l iay of November next, at 10 o'clock,

A. M., at the plabe of the last meetings of the Council of such County,

or Union of Cotinties. Whien once assembled, the law authorizes

e&dh County !Board to appoint tlie times and places of its own
ma^tihtfs'"" ' '""' ' -•■■ 'i'*-^"' ' 'M'*' ■.'•''■■i-' ■ •■ '• '•' ■■■'■'■■■ -

CmCtJLAR FROM T«iE CHIEF, SUPERIJJTEll^l)ilK*r OF
^ • scuooiJi'to EAdH 6t tftE t«)tJNinr Boards op puBLrc wstruc-

^ ; ■ -; V. ...... [iy/tKJiAt.]^'- ■' "'■ '"i'^'^BbtJCATioir OFFicEr*"'"*^'*''

::;■• n'c. .:■:■;'■.••,• . .,. ,n!'..iip;;ljtt{, Toronto^ 90% Oototer, tBtO.

Gentlemen ;-t.'' Ujf^i ,i\i '.o7/;)i ariT Am<iiKKun^zo y.^ -•- 6'ia-:i'
;^^ ;;j>, , I transmit you herewith a copy of the Programme
for the Examination and Classification of Teachers of Common
Schools, which has been adopted by the Council of Public Instruc-
tion, as required by the School Aot^ 13Ui and 14th Victoria, chapter
48 ; and I think it proper, at the same tiste. to make a few ex{dflna-
tory and practical remarks on the subjeott .[ i.LUHh^u.m'inp":

. L You will observe that the standard of qualifioatk»is prescribed
for each class of Teaohers, is extremely low ,^-«-lower indeed, than
in strict propriety it ought tobe—- lower than it is for Common School
Teachers in Ireland— lower than it will doubtless be in Upper Can-
a4a in the course of three or four yesrs. The standard here laid
down for Jint class Teachers, will probaibly soon be applied to
second class Teachers, and^ that of second, applied to <^^ class
Teachers, a.id no persons wiU be admitted into the public schools ^

9()

» '!»

"}>\.

legally qualified Teachers whose qualifioations will not enable them
to secure a second class certificate according to the accompanying
Programme. But tlie Council of Public Instruction has had regard
to the present circumstances of the country, to the fact that this is
the first step which has yet been adopted for establishing an uniform
standard and system of examination of teachers throughout Upper
Canada, tt is painful to think, that there should be a necessity in
any part of the Province, to license persons as teachers with no higher
qualifications than those required of third class teachers in the accom-
panying Programme ; but it is hoped such a ncessity will not long
exist : and every teacher of this class should be impressed with the
consideration, that if he wishes to be recogn^ed in future years as
a legally qualified Teacher of Common Schools, he must apply
himself diligently to the acquisition of higher qualifications. The
profession of School-teaching can only be efficient, and influential,
as the qualifications and character of its members are respectable
and elevated. The accompanying Programme states the minmum
of qualifications required for each class of certificates.

2. But the first, and perhaps most important duty which devolves
upon you, is that wliich precedes an examination into the intellec-
tual qualifications of candidates. The law expressly declares, that
*^no certificate of gual\/uMtion $hall be given to any person at
Teacher t toko shall not furnish satisfactory proof of good moral
character" This is a vital point on which you are called to pass a
oonsoientious and Impartial judgment) before you admit any can-
didate to an examination. The law of the land thus makes you the
moral guardians of the ohildren and youth of your respective coun-
ties, as far as depends upon the moral oaaracter of their Teachers,
the same as the Divine law makes you the guardians of your own
ohildren ; and you should certainly license no character to teach the
former, whom you would not permit to teach the latter. Many
representations have been made to this Department respecting, in-
temperate, and profone, and Sabbath-breaking Teachers. To what
extent these representations are well founded, is not for me to say.
But when so many parties have been individually authorized to
license Teachers, it were not surprising if isolated individual firm-
ness should be overcome by the importunity of a candidate in some
instances, backed by requests of inconsiderate Trustees. Now,
however, you meet in Council ; the candidates come bef(Hre you on
oommon ground ; you judge of the "moral character" of each by a

eoromon rule : you are less liable to those plaintiTe appeals and pleas
which have so often been pressed upon the feelings of individual
Superintendents and Visitors. I can not but regard it as your
special mission to rid the profession of common school teaching of
unworthy characters and of wholly incompetent persons, to protect
the youth against the poison of a vicious teacher's example, and to
lay the foundation for greatly elevating the profession of school
teaching, and greatly increasing the efficiency and usefulness of
Common Schools. The moral character of teachers involves the
deepest interests of our offspring, and the widest destinies of our
country. No lax expediency or false delicacy should be permitted
to endorse a person of irregular habits or doubtful morals as a
" good TMral duiracter" and let him loose upon society, autliorized
and certified as a duly qualified Teacher of its youth. I am sure
you will agree with me, that your certificate should state what you
believe to be strictly true, and therefore be a guarantee to Trustees
of Schools and parents of children, in regard to the moral character
and intellectual qualifications of every Teacher whom you shall
license.

3. As to your examination of candidates in the Several subjects
mentioned in the Programme, I had at first intended to have pre-
pared some general questions on each subject, as hints both to ex>
aminers and candidates lor certificates of difierent classes ; but on
further consideration, I found it would occupy too much space, and
might probably be better left to the discretion and judgment of
Examiners themselves. I would only suggest, therefore, as all the
candidates present at any meeting of a County Board of Examiners
will probably be examined in a single class, the candidates entitled
to the lower class certificates may be relieved from remaining (ex-
cept as mere spectators,) at the continuation of the examination of
those who are deemed competent to be examined in the subjects
prescribed for the higher class certificates ; and that as the object of
the examination is, to ascertain not only the nature and extent of the
attainments of the candidates, but their capacity to teach others
what they know themselves, the examination, in each subject of the
programme, should be specially adapted to elicit this primary quali-
fication of a good Teacher, as also his knowledge of school organi-
zation, classification, and government.

4. It only remains for me to advert to the mode of calling the first
meeting of Cqunty Boards of Public Instruction, and of holding

100

their future meotings. As the mode of calling tiie first meeting iis
left ma a matter of inBtruetion from thit Department (section 35,
clause 3.), I have thought it would be most oonremont fbr the mem-
bers of eaoh County Board to toeet about the middle of November,
and have aj^ined that time aooordingly. Eaoh County Board orlco
aasembledy will ever after, aceording to law, appoint the times and
places of its own meetings. It is submitted, whether the first meet-
ing of eaoh County Board of Public Instruction would examine
Teachers at idl ; whether the members present at such meeting
might not consider and determine their mode of proceeding in the
admission of candidates to examination, and in the mode of examin-
ing them— •assigning to one or more members the duty of con-
ductmg the examination in each branch or subject prescribed in the
Programme ; and then appointing the time and place, or times and
places for the examination of Teachers-Diving due publicity of the
same. As but three members of the County Board are required to
be present at any meeting for the exkmination and licensing of
Teachers, they might at a general meeting agree to meet in sections
of three or four members each at places most convenient for the
examination of Tdachers for different specified portions of *the
Couaty^^espeoially if it be large. As by the Idth Section of the
Act, tiie certificates of qualification to Teacherd, given by local
Superintendents, are valic^ during the current year, the meetings and
proooedings of the County Boards will have reference to -351 and
future years.

> No branch of a system of publio instruction has ever been brought
into operation in any country, without mu<^ anxious toil ; atid the
efficient commencement of this most important and too long neglected
department of our school system, will require no inconsiderable
labour and much patient and earnest purpose to promote the welfare
of the rising generation. The more serious and difficult part of the
task will soon be aooomplii^ed, while the results cannot fki\ to be
extensively beneficial, alike upon the application, the aspirations and
im^ovements of Teachers, the character of the Schools, and the

prepress and interests of the pupils.

I have the hbiior to be, ' ** ' '^
Gentlemen, .. ;
..,',, Your most obedient servant, ,.

j-.'..-^ ''-^J E. RYERSON.

■X.

101

.1 I'll I.I-

PROGRAMME

'.'^ 7'i'ti,

■■<:, i'

Of Hu Examinaiiii and Clasrifieatum of Teaehen of Common
SckooUy preMcrihed by the Council or Public Imstruction for
UprBR Canada, as required by the Actj IZth and \Ath Victoria,
(kapter 4A^ KctUm xxxvnu

TO ac IN ronci until repealro or revised SY IAIO COU.fCII..

,;-!.•.'{,

Xiff.— Candidates Bholl not be eligible to be admitted to examination, until they shall
have Airnlshed the Examiners with satisfiictory evidence of their suicily temperate habiia
and good moral character.

-'hS'

L Qualifications of Third Class Teachbrs.
Candidates for certificates as Third Class Teachers, are required :

1. To be able to read intelligibly and correctly any passage from any
common reading book.

2. To be able to spell correctly the words of an ordinary sentence dictated
by the Examiners*

3. To be able to M'fite a plain hand. ' ■, ', ,<.i

4. To be able to work readily questions in the simple and compound rulea
of Arithmetic, and in Reduction and Proportion, and be familiar with the
principl<>s on which these rules depend.

5. To know th^ elementsof English Orammar, and be able to parse any
esey sentence in prose.

6. To be acquainted with the elements of Geography, and the general
outlines of the Globe.

7. To have some knowledge of School organization and the classificatioa
of pupil*. ' ' ' •. a

•\.<-

U. Qualifications of Skcokd Class Tsachbrs. , m

Candidates for certiiioales as Second Class Teachers, in addition
to what is required of candidates for Third Class certifioatei, are
required :

1. To be able to read with ease, intelligence, and expression, and to be
familiar ui«h the pnnriplep of reading and pronunciation.

IP?!

. i

a. To write n bold free liaiid, and lo be acquainted wilh the rule* ol
i»'»tchiiiy writiny.

:i. To knuw Fractions, JpMoluticii, l<!vuIution^ and commercial and men-
ial Aritlirnetic.
[Female candid aUs for thi^ cfa.is of ce HJ^catii Kill only he examined in Practice, and

" 4.' Tb'bt ayqlialrtted W^YlV ih'd ^Ittfie'i^tVorhdbV^'K^^^bJrig.' ''•^•'*»«^'»'''«

5. To know the comniion rnl^s'rtf Orthography, and be able tb t>^i'8^ any
sentence in prose or poetry which may b(t oubiuittt;d ; to write graromati-
(^ally, with correct spellins^ and punctU'ition, the substance of any passages
which may be read, or any topics which may be suggested.

6. To be familiar with the elements of Mathematical, Physical and Civil
or Political Geography, as contained in any School Geography.

tU'it* "kU liiau .11' JAindi ;« t !>■ H'ri!/!),'./ • " li- ;, . •« t\>.> '. . : ,i/'.'J.- *i f

lllfclfc t it~.y\-\.V,, f.r .•'ti--i»t''\-. ■' ,li'i' — — — ; :!;, i, .<- .mSi|.',...| -.rt ■ •<l>i.;H.J f»VH.l

/'
III. QUAL1FICAT10>S OF FlKST ClaSS TeACHERS.

'. - ■ < ..:: ., ■.■..'.

Candidates for certificates as Firot Class Teachers, in addition to

what la required of C^ndidat^es for Third and Second Class oerthi-

fioates, are required: iS'rt n-i im,; ;!4h.,;fimn. i,, ,,. ., . . r.,> ,, j .<

J. To be acquainted with the rules for the mensuration of Superficies
and Solids, ana th** elements of Lan.' Surveying. ' ';* 'w:! . v, ,,'1 .,

ii. 1

2. To be familiar with the simple rules of Algebra, and be able to solve
pnblems in Simple and Quadratic Equ»fi6n8. •■

3. To know tHk first foiir Books of Eudid.'' ''^' • ^ '-' ••!.«.! .T .t>

4. To be familiar with the eleinenta^adioutline^ol General History,

3. To have some acauaintance with the elements of Vegetable and
Animal Physiology and Natural Philosophy, as far as taught in the Fifth
Book of the National Readers.

6. To understand the proper organization and managemeat of Scnpols
and the improved methods of leaching.

KB.— Female candidates for tirst class certificates will not be examined in the subjectf
mentioned in the first three paragraplis under this hiead.

By Ord6r of th« Council' dP Public Instruction for Ut)peJ Canada.

.twijiwhrt -Ii ,rt-Mi:>*:'/i v^iilv^ •»..-..>; j^ Georoe HoDoiNti,- :- '• '

EptcATioN Ornci, Toromto.
■ Jditpttd f*« ifd dhf if Oddher, IBM. "'■ •'*" ' '" ■' '•«"■ '>' •*" "» - » *

103

•general form

OF CERTIFICATES OP QUALIFICATION FOR COMMON SCHOOL
TEACHERS IN UPPER CANADA.

To bt fronted by County Boards of Public Imtruction, in aecordanet v>itk tht
Joregoing Programme qf Examination.

V A-

SThiSfS to Certffg, that of the folth,

having applied to the Board of Public Instruction for the County [School

Cifvitor United Counties] of for a <S:eVtfScate of AuaUficaKotl

to teach a Common School, and having produced "satisfactory proof of
good moral character," the Board has carefully examined hi ^ \orher] in
the several branches of study enumerated in the " Qualifications of [tiiird^

second, or first, Oji the case may be] class Teachers," contained in

the "Programme of the Examination and Classification of Teachers
OF Common Schools, Prescribed by the Council of Public Instruction
for Upper Canada," adopted the 3rd day of October, 1850 ;' and having

found the said well qualified' to teach the several branohes

therein named, the Board, as authorized by the 29th section of the Act,
13th and 14th Victoria, chapter 48, hereby licenses him [or her] to teach

any Common School in the [(fa first class Certificate, here insert

the name of the County, School Circuit, Union of Counties, or City ; if a
second class Certificate, the name of the Township ; and if a third class
Certificate, the name of the School Section in which the Candidate is c ho'
rised to teach, — to be determined, at the discretion of the Board.]

CTjlfS Cevtfficate of (OtuaUficatfon to reniain in force [for one year
from the date hereof, or until annulled according to law— to be determined
by circumstance, and the class of the Certificate granted.]

Dated this day of , one thousand eight hundred and

JV.B.— Each Certificate ehould be signed by the Chairmen of the Board, and nimt
alio have the Bignature of a Local Superintendent of Schooli. See 9nd elauee tf tk*
99fA eectioH qf the Act.

V. I..'

nun

?^v^

%,*.^ i^M'.. •(.!.

. I'l"

' 'A- . •

>j.

I , ;

IIV«i:

I ..

;i; 1.)

• i'l : . ' ' '

RRRATUH.

K|C t4, twentfOrgtMiic «rom 'Jm lOp, tor •♦ aiHtaoriwsl" r«Ul " una»Kh«i/.el.'^

Si-.;

x> 'N ■■.■

li''

' , '!■ i-J'!!?!"! ) .hi!:'! ■

■ \

* ■.•.i> .% ,, ■■ J, ,! : •>,- II..,..-.

• '•' • •-■\-."( ». i< .,\N , •■m\... • ,

' ■ i . ^■■ ' ' . ■'. . • ,\--'. ■■ . ' -■\ ,' ", .>

■,. ■..-, I •*•

' .,;!..' i.. .'. I J ^i..) - .*

ffi

j \'l^

• If!

AN ACT

^upjlementaii ia % €mBm 3t\ml %ti '

roa

UPPER CANADA;

TOGITHSa WITH THB

OmCULABS ADDRESSED TO VARIOUS OFFICERS OONOERNED IK
THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE SCHOOL LAW:

BT THX

TORONTO:

ntttCTBD FOB tBB OSPABTHKNT Or PUBLIC IMSTRVOTION lOB UPPER OAHADA,

ST LOYBLL AND OIBNV.
1W8,

*«c

^i^:'i

l\ '

■• i

■^- .f

i..?

■,' > ■

•Vv,

Ki.;-',!«^*W'.V

■'€,.

CONTENTS.

GxhiEBAL RCMAQKS.

SUPPLEMENTARY COMMON SCHOOL ACT OP UPPER CANADA.

I. Boards of School Trustees. Section 1.
II. Separate Schools. Section 4.

III. Common School Trustees. Section 5. •

IV. Local Superintendents of Schools. Section 1 4.
v. Miscellaneous Provisions. Section 15.

OFFICIAL CIRCULAIU3 PROM THE CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT

OF SCHOOLS.

I. To Local Superintendents of Schools.

II. To Trustees of Common Schools in Townships.

III. To Boards of School Trustees in Cities, Towns, and Villages.

IV. To County Clerks.

, ,1

i r

> ,' '

GENERAL REMARKS.

THB ACT SUPPLEMENTARY TO THB COMMON SCHOOL
ACT FOR XJPPfiR CANADA

Is destined, in our opinion, to exert a more powerful influence ilil
extending and elevating the system of Elementary Education in tipper

Canada, than any School Act, which has preceded it ' '

We will not here repeat the remarks which have been made on Che
several provisions of this Act in the Circulars accompanying this
notice, addressed to County Councils, Local Superintendents, and
Trustees of Common Schools. We will offer in this place a few
general observations : —

1. We observe^ in the first place, that the Supplementary Act does
not r^)eal or alter any of the general provisions of the School Act of
1850, but pnovides for wants which the progress of the school system
hascfeated, and remedies defects which observation and experience
have detected. The one act does not supersede, but supplements the
other. The latter act is the completion of the former. The two form
Ik whole.

2. By the provisions of the latter act, combined with those of the
former, the^whole system of Elementary Instruction in Upper Canada
is placed upon a broad, deep, and permanent foundation. An addition
of one-sixth is made to the Legislative School Grant for Upper Canada;
the completion and support of the Normal School are fully provided
for; provision >» made for the gratuitous circulation of the Journal of
Education to all the School Sections and School Superintendents in
tipper Canada; an annual sum is granted to commence a Provincial
Museum and Library ; the commencement of an annual fund is made
for the support of superannuated or worn-out School Teachers, — a pro-
vision of the utmost importance towards establishing and elevatmg the
noble profession of school teaching.

8. The o£Bce of School Trustee is invested with great power ; and is,
therefore, one of great respectability as well as of responsibility. The
effect will soon be the selection of the best qualified men in each
School Division to this vitally important and powerful office. Motiyes
of economy will dictate this, no less than regard for tho interests of
the rising generation.^ Many ignorant men, feeling their own deficien-
cies, would do good as School Trustees, if they knew how. Educated
Trustees can manage a school and its interests more economically, as
well as more efficiently, than uneducated Trustees. A school must be
kept open in each School Section six months in each year by a legally
qualified Teacher, or the Trustees of such Section incur personally the
forfeiture of the amount of the School Fund apportioned to such Sec-
tion for the year. No opposition of individuals or of meetings can pre-
vent Trustees from levying and collecting, from time to time, such sum
or sums as they may think necessary for school purposes; and the
most formidable obstruction which can be erected in any School Sec-
tion against the general attendance of pupils at School, is the voting of
a rate- bill of one shilling and three pence a month, or about three pence
half-penny a week, for each pupil, — a charge too small to prevent a full
attendance of pupils at every well-taught and well-furnished school

4, The several sections of the supplementary Act which remove doubts
as to certain provisions of the School Act of 1850, which secure to each
school division the advantage of all the taxable property situated with-
in its limits, and the collection of all rates on the lands of absentees,
which provide for proper descriptions of all school sections in each
township, which relate to disturbances of schools and law-suits, &c. &c.f
cannot fail to be eminently promotive of the interests of schools.

5. The same remark may be made in regard to the 4th section of
the Supplementary Act which relates to separate schools. It will be
seen by this section. 1. That no separate school can be established
or continued, otherwise than on the conditions and under the circum-
stances specified in the 19th section of the School Act of 1850. 2.
That no part of any Municipal Assessment can be applied, and no
Municipal Authority or officer can be employed to collect rates for the
support of any separate school — a great restriction and improvement
In the School Law, as it has hitherto existed on this subject. 8. That
if any persons, whether Roman Catholic or Protestant, demand a sep-

Ill

arate School iu the circumstances under which it !nay he allowed, they
must tax themselves for its support, and they must make returns of
the sums they raise, and the children they teach — a regulation which
has not heretofore been required,but which is rendered necessary in order
to make out the School Assessment KoU, and to determine the School
Collector's duties. 4. That separate Schools are subject to the same
inspections and visits as are all Common Schools. 6. That all ground
and semblance of a complaint of injustice is taken away from the sup-
porters of a separate School, while they cannot any longer employ
Municipal authority and Municipal assessments for sustaining their
school. 6. That the supporters of separate Schools cannot interfere
in the affairs of the Public Schools.

If separate Schools have not hitherto endangered our School system,
there is still less danger of their being able to do so under the Supple
mentary Act, the provisions of which put it out of the power of any
opposers to shake the foundations of that system, or get up a plausible
pretext of agitation against it on the plea of religion or justice. The
withdrawment of a few persons, here and there, from the support of the
public schools, will scarcely be felt by the people at large, even in a
pecuniary sense, while they will have the advantage of making^ the
public schools more perfectly ^at they wish them to be in a religious
and moral point of view.

Upon the whole we anticipate the happiest results from the opera-
tions of the Supplementary School Act, and recommend its attentive
perusal by all friends of universal education, and its careful study by all
councillors, superintendents, and trustees of schools in Upper Cana^

^» ^ ■>*■

{AN ACT

ti^i

' A^Tfd s^ifo-hlfcim, i^dtoktM rHoinM, cAPiff ctiiUf.

ll. AN ACT SUPPLEMENlARy TO THE COMMON
SCHOOL ACT OF UPPfifl CANADA.

Preambb.

WHEiLEAS tt b eti^diettt to mskti siMne fur-
ther provision f6r the improyemeAt of Cotmiioii
Schools in Upper Canada^ and to modify and extend some of the
prolrisioifs of the Act passed in the session held in the thirteenth
t^ihA t4 victo- ^^^ fourteenth years of Her Majesty's Keign, chap-
ha, ch. 48. cited, tered fortj-eight, and intituled, An Act for the better
•rw* f establishment and maintenance of Common

^ i$c/ioo/« t?} t//9p^ CanofZa, hereinafter called " the

Ujiper Canada School Act of 1850 :" Be it therefore enacted by
iiie' Queen's Most Excelleht Majesty, by and with the advice ^nd
^6ii^1ii of the Legislative Cduncil and of the Legis^Iative A^semblj*
df iiie Province Of Canada, constituted and asseitibled by virtue ot
tod tfnder the atithotity of an Act passed in the Parliament of ihi
Ufiit^d KiA|denn 6f GUki Britain and Irelafid^ and intituled, Ah
Ait to fe-unit6 th6 Prdvindes of Tippet and l/ywet Canada^ and
for the GovernmerU of Canada^ and it is hereby enacted by the
authority of the same, That the Board of School Trustees in each
^ City^ Town and incorporated Village, shall, in addi-

tSSSJ iiory^l tJon to the powers with which t^ey are now legally
iSfiStiT'^^^'^*'' ^^^^^^^7 possess and exercise, as far as they shall
judge expedient, in regard to each such Cify, Town
and incorpdrated Village, all the powers with which th6 Trustees
of eaeh School Section are or may be invested by law in regard to
Powers of the ®*^^ '^"^^ School Section :* Provided always, that
Chairmaa of the the Chairman of each such Board of School Trustees
****^* shall be elected by the Trustees from their own

number, and shall have a right to vote at all times, and in case of
an equality of votes, the maxim prcesumitur pro negante [it is
decided in the negative] shall prevail.

Election, Second ^I* ^^^ ^^ »* enacted, that in any Village or
Wednesday in Town not divided into Wards in Upper Canada.
January. which shall become incorporated according to Law*

* See Pamphlet Edition of the School Act of 185U, p. 23, sec. XXI.

113

)MMON

mae fur«
'Contfiion
16 of the
hirtefenth
fUf chap-
the better
Common
lied " the
acted by
(vice ?nd

virtue of
titoftb^
iled^ An

^ by the
9 in eiich
, in addi-
V legally
ley shall
y, Town
rrustees
egard to
lys, that
Trustees
leir own
case of
te [it is

illage or
Canada,
to Law|-

Ki;

First Election to
be oalfed by M(u-
nicipal Returning
Officer.

Election ooil*
firmed.

an Election of a Board of School Trustees for ^ocb Village tt
Town shall take place at the time specified in the seeomd section of
the said Upper Canada School Act of 1850; Pro-
vided always, that the first Election of such Board
of School Trustees shall be called by the Returning
Officer appointed to hold the first Municipal Election
in such Village or Town, or in case of his neglecting JJt>vi»d*- or, iil
to do so for one month, by any two Freeholders in Freehoidei ^*
such Village or Town, on giving six days' notice in
at least three public places in su(!h Village or Town ;
l^rovided, also, that all Elections of School Trustees
that have taken place in Villages and Towns not
divided into Wards, which have been incorporated
since one thousand eight hundred and fifty, shall be and are
hereby confirmed, and the acts of Boards of School Trustees so
elected in such Villages and Towns, are hereby made as valid as if
liuch Boards had been elected for Villages and Towns incorporated
before one thousand eight hundred and fifty : Pro- ., ^ ,».,«„

•J J iM • J.M J. ' ax. j /. X ' ^ ♦* School Act, 1880,

vided likewise, that in the words " two years " error in Proviso
which occur in the second proviso of the twenty-
fifth section of the said Act,* the word *< three "
shall be substituted for the word " two," and the said proviso shall
be held to have and to have had effect as if the word " three"
had been originally inserted therein instead of the word " two j'*
Provided, nevertheless, that the twenty-fifth and
twenty-sixth sections of the said Ac*" shall be con- Proviso,
strued to apply to all such Boards of School
Trustees.

III. And be it enacted, That in case an objection i)eciaration to ba
be made to the right of any person to vote at an S* whose'^^voto
Election of a SchocJ Trustee or Trustees in any City, Jjjjj''"'^ "
Town, or Incorporated Village, or upon any other
subject connected with School purposes, the Returning OjBRcer pre-
siding at such Election shall require the person whose right of votmg
is thus objected to, to make the following declaration :—

^* I do declare and affirm that I have been rated
" Oh the Assessment-Roll of this City ^Town or
" Village, as the case may he) as a Freeholder (or Householder, as

3 of Sec. 25 cor-
rected.

* See Patnphlet Edition of the School Acl of 1850, p. 27, sec. XXY.

114

Persons sending
children to or
8ul)8cribinifacer
lain amount to
separate schools
to be exempted
from Common
School rates.

** the case may be)f and that I have paid a public School tax in
'Uhis Ward, (or Village, as the ciise may he)y within the last
** twelve months, and that I am legally qualified to vote at this
« Election."

And the person making such declaration shall he permitted to vote :
i»^ • » I. Provided always, that any person who shall, on the

rroviso: Penalty i • a r if • i. j r Mr n

lor false deciara. complamt of any person, be convicted of wilfully
**""' making a false declaration of his right to vote, shall be

deemed guilty of misdemeanor, and punishable by fine and imprison-
ment in the manner provided for similar cases in the seventh section
of the said Upper Canada School Act of 1850.*

II. Separate Schools.

IV. And be it enacted. That in all Cities, Towns
and incorporated Villages and School Sections, in
which separate Schools do or shall exist according
to the provisions of the Common School Acts of
Upper Canada,! persons of the religious persuasion
of each such separate School, sending children to it,
or supporting such School by subscribing thereto annually an amount
equal to the sum which each such person would be liable to pay (if
such separate School did not exist) on any assessment to obtain the
annual Common School grant for each such City, Town, incorpo-
rated Village or Township, shall be exempted from the payment of
all Rates imposed for the support of the common public Schools of
each such City, Town, incorporated Village or School Section, and
of all Rates imposed for the purpose of obtaining the Legislative
Common School Grant for such City, Town, incorporated Village
or Township ; and each such separate School shall share in such
Separate Schools Legislative Common School Grant only (and not in
to share inLegis- any School moucy raised by Local Municipal Assess-
a*"ord?ng'toavei ment) according to the average attendance of pupils
rage attendance, attending each such separate School, (the mean at-
tendance of pupils for winter and summer being taken) as compared
with the whole average attendance of pupils attending the Common
Schools in each such City, Town, incorporated Village or Town-
ship ; and a certificate of qualitication signed by the majority of the

* See Pamphlet Edition of the School Act, 1860, p. 9.

f Ibid., page 21, secUon XIX. ; also 14 and 16 Victoria, chapter 111.

115

2d Proviso—Re-
turns from Sepa-
rate Schools to
local Superii)ten>
deat. Names of
supporters —
names of children
— Hmount sub-
subscribed.

Trustees of such separate School shall be sufficient for any Teacher
of such School ; Provided always, firstly, that the exemption from
the payment of such School Rates,as herein provided, ^ Proviso— Ex-
shall not extend beyond the period of such persons e'np>io"«f«"n«he
sending children to or subscribing as aforesaid for ^S" Rates,
the support of such separate School ; nor shall such Conditional Ex-
exemption extend to School rates or taxes imposed ^'•'P"""*
or to be imposed to pay for School-houses, the erection of which
was undertaken or entered into befw the establishment of such
separate School ; Provided secondly, Kt the Trus-
tees of each such separate School shall, on or before
the thirtieth day of June, and thirty-first day of
December of each year, transmit to the local Super-
intendent, a correct return of the names of all per-
sons of the religious persuasion of such separate
School, who shall have sent children to or subscribed
as aforesaid for the support of such separate School during the six
months previous, and the names of the children sent, and amounts
subscribed by them respectively, together with the average attend-
of pupils in such separate School during such period ; And the
Superintendent shall forthwith make a return to the
Clerk of the Municipality and to the Trustees of tSent ?o make
the School Section or Municipality in which such y"** .•? ^}^^^
separate School is established, stating the names of "*^*

all the persons who, being members of the same religious denomina-
tion, contribute or send children to such separate School, and the
Clerk shall not include in the Collector's Roll for the
general or other School Rate, and the Trustees or
Board of Trustees shall not include in their
School Rolls, except for any rate for the build-
ing of School-houses undertaken before the estab-
lishing of such separate School as herein mentioned, the name
of any such person as appears upon such return then last received
from the sajd Superintendent: And the Clerk or other Officer
of the Municipality within which such separate School is
established, having possession of the Asse^or's or Collector's
Roll of the said Municipality, is hereby required to allow any
one of the said Trustees, or their authorized Col- Access to RoU
lector, to make a copy oi such Roll as far as it shall allowed.
relate to their School Section i Provided thicdly, that the provisions

Clerk shall not
include the sup-
porters of separ-
ate Schools in
Collector's Roll.

116

MProvi»6.

Seel. 13 School
Act, 1800, ihall
apply to leparate
Scnoo'

iih Pi'oviBo.

Trustees of se.
pirate Schools to
DC a corporation.

Their power to
•ollfeot rates, fcrC.

of tb<^ thirteenth section of the said Upper Canada
School Act of 1850, shall applj to the Trustees and
Teachers of separate Schools, the same as to Trus-
ioois. ' tees and Teachers of other Common Schools :*

Provided fourthly, that the Trustees of each such separate School
shall be a corporation and shall have the same power
to impose, levy and collect School Rates or sub-
scriptions upon and from persons sending children
to or subsoriyng towards the support of such sepa-
rate School ilk the Trustees of a School Section
have to impose, levy and collect School Rates or
subscriptions from persons having property in such Section or send*
ing children to or subscribing towards the support of the Common
•th Proviso School of such section if Provided fifthly, that the

To have effect foregoing provisions in this clause shall take effect
from Jan., i<M3. from the first day of January, one thousand eight
hundred and fifty-three, and shall extend to the separate SchooU
established or intended to be established under the provisions of the
Upper Canada Common School Acts: Provided
Mxthly, that no person belonging to the religious
persuasion of such separate School, and sending a
child or children thereto or subscribing towards the
support thereof, shall be allowed to vote at the
Election of any Trustee for a public Common School in the City,
Town, incorporated Village or School Section within the limits of
which such separate School shall be situate.

III. Common School Trustees.

V. And be it enacted, That the Trustees of each School Section
shall, on or before the thirtieth day of June, and the thirty-first day
of December in each year, transmit to the local
Superintendent, a correct return of the average at-
tendance of pupils in the School or Schools under
their charge during the six months then immediately
preceding ; nor shall any School Section be entitled
to the apportionment from the School Fund for the said six months,
Penalty for orals- ^hc Trustees and Teacher of which shall neglect to
gion to do 80. transmit a verified statement of such average atten-

^^i. — — I ■■ ■■■ ■ — ■-. «— —,. ■ - ., ., . ■■■■-, — , — — , -- . — — ■ ,., ■ ,- ^. — ■_^i«fc>....

* See pamphlet edition of the School Act, 1850, page 16.

f Itnd, page 12 and 18, 7th to 11th clauses of the 12th section.

6th Proviso.

Support^rdofse^
parate Schools
not permitted t6
vole lor Common
School Triulee».

Trustees of Com.
Schools to trans-
mit half-yearly
returns of aver-
age attendance to
focal Supt.

117

C. School Trot*
tees may hmqiw
for 8itei« aud
School-hotueSa

Proviao.

Must call a 8p«»
cial Meeting
therefui.

dance of pupiis in tbeir School or Schools ; Provided always, that
nothing herein contained shall be construed to repeal
the provisions of the thirty-first section of the said "®^'^*
Upper Canada School Act of 1850.*

VI. And be it enacted, That the Trustees of each School Sec-
tion shall have the same authority to assess and collect School
Kates for the purpose of purchasing School sites and
the erection of School Houses, as they are now or
may be invested with by law to assess and collect
Kates for other School purposes : Provided always,
that they shall take no steps for procuring a School
site on which to erect a new School House, or
changing the site of a School House established, or
that noay be hereafter established, without calling a Special Meet*
ing of the Freeholders and Householders of their Section to consi-
der the matter ; and if a majority of such Freeholders and House-
holders present at such Meeting, differ from a majority of the
Trustees as to the site of a School House, the question shall be
disposed of in the manner prescribed by the eleventh section of the
said Upper Canada School Act of 1850 :f Provided that such
Trustees shall, whenever they impose any rate for School purposes,
make a return to the Clerk of the Municipality of the amount of the
rate so imposed by them.

Vn. And be it enacted. That the Trustees of
each School Section shall see that each School
under their charge is, at all times, duly provided
with a Register aud Visitor's Book, in the form
prepared according to law.

VIII. And be it enacted, That the Trustees of
j^ach School Section shall have authority to take
such steps as they may judge expedient to unite
their School with any public Grammar School, which shall be situ-
ate within or adjacent to the limits of their School Section.

IX. And be it enacted. That the Trustees of J«'*>n«irewjn^
each School Section, shall be personally respon^bte fees'Tn "cmS"JJ
for the amount of any School moneys which shall n«flriectofdi«y.

* See pamphlet edition of th? School Aot of i860, pp. 81-86,
f Ibid, page !<*/.

Re(j[ister and
Visitors' Book to
be provided by
Trustees.

Union of Gora*
mon with Qrnui«
mar Schools.

'i';

118

be forfeited and lost to such School Section daring the period of
their continuance in office, in cocsequence of their neglect of dutj ;
and the amount thus forfeited or lost shall be collected and applied
in the manner provided by the ninth section of the said Upper
Canada School Act of 1850, for the collection and application of the
fines imposed by the said section.*

Traliies for de '^' ^^^ ^^ ** enacted, That the Trustees of each
layinff their AnI School section shall each personally forfeit the sum
nuailieport. ^f Qne Pound Fi*e ShIlHngs for each and every
week that they shall neglect, after the^ thirty-first day of January
in each' year, to prepare and forward to their local Superintendent
of Schools, their School Report, as required by law, for the year
ending the thirty-first of December immediately preceding ; and
which sum or sums thus forfeited, shall be sued for by such local
Superintendent, and collected and applied in the manner provided
by the ninth section of the said Upper Canada School Act of 1 850.*

w5ih tS*r' "^^* "^^^ ^® *^ enacted, That no agreement be-

vaiid in certain tween Trustees and a Teacher in any School Sec-
**•*■• tion, made between the first of October and the

second "Wednesday in January, shall be valid or binding on either
party after the second Wednesday in January then next, unless such
agreement shall have been signed by the two Trustees of such
School Section, whose period of office shall extend to one year
beyond the second Wednesday of January, after the signing of such
agreement.f , . ,

* See pamphlet edition of the School Act of 1860, page 10.

f Ail agreetuents between 'rustees and a teacher must be signed by at
least two of the trustees, and the t^ncher ; and must have the corporate seal
of the section attached to it, otherwitte the trustees may be made personally
responsible for the fulfilment of their agreement, should they be sued by the
teacher. It should also be entered in the trusteetj* book, and a copy of it
given to the teacher. The trustees being a corporation, their agreement
with their teacher is binding on their successors in office, if made in accord-
ance with the foregoing section ; and should they refuse or wilfully neglect
to exercise the corporate powers vested on them, they would be personally
liable for the amount due a teacher — see sixteenth clause of the twelflh
flection of the School Act of 1850. As to the mode of settlmg disputes be-
tween trustees and a teacher, see the seventeenth section of the Act of 1850,
(pamphlet edition, p?^e 18), in connection with the fifteenth section of this
Aat. — See Chief Superintendent'' s Annual Meportfor 1861, page 208.

Snch attend-
ance, how re<*
ported.

Exception in
certain cases.

Xn. And be it enacted, That any person resid- J^J^^J^jJ P""
ing in one Scfaool Section, and sending a child or 'hndrcn (mm
children to the School of a neighboring School Sec- ^i^' l^f°^ j^
tion, shall nevertheless be liable lor payment of all which they re-
rates assessed for the School purposes of the Sec- SJSt ***** '**""
tion in which he resides, the same as if he sent his
child or children to the School of such Section;
and such child or children shall not be returned as
attending any other than the School of the- Section
in which the parents or guardians of such child lt
children reside ; but this clause shall not be held to
apply to persons sending children to or supporting
separate schools, or to prevent any person who may be taxed for
Cofr .ion School purposes on property situate in a different School
Section from that in which he resides, from sending hi^ children to
the School of the Section iu which such property may be situate,
on as favorable terms as if he resided in such Section. '« '^ '^^ '>^

Xin. And be it enacted. That no rate shall be
imposed upon the inhabitants of any School Section
according to the whole number of children, or to the
number of children of legal school age, residing in
such section ; but all the School expenses of such
section shall be provided for by any or all of the
three authorized methods of voluntary subscription,
rate-bill for each pupil attending the School, or by
rate upon property : Provided always, that no rate-
bill shall be imposed exceeding One Shilling and
Three Fence per month for each pupil attending:
the School.

rV. Local SupuEii>rrENDENTS op Schools.
XIV. And be it enacted, That any person who ^^al Supu. to
has been or may be appointed Local Superintendent fn"AprUor° '^^
of Schools, shall continue in olfice (unless he resigns ^°»8"'
or is removed from office for neglect of duty, improper conduct, or
incompetencT; until the first day of April of the year following
tbat of his appointment : Provided always, that no i»t Proviso. Shall
Local Superintendent shall be a Teacher or Trustee «<>» »« a Teacher
of any Common School during the period of his °' ''""*''"•
being in oflBce: Provided, secondly, ihat 90 Local SJiK*^^**"*'

No rate per as*
pita shall be iiiu
posed upon obiU
dntu

How school ex-
penses shall b«
provided.

No rate-bill shall
exceed Is. 8d.
per month.

9d Pmvteo— Re
lating to Visits.

120

Svperiiaiteiidetit isMI bie required wnless ^e ^all
judge k €xpedieat (c^xc^pt wkh p^ y^w to the ad*
justment of disputes), or unless directed to dti so by tbe Muqiqipu^
lity appointiag him, to jnajce more than twro officii Yi#i^ jto ead^
School Section under his charge, one of which visits /shall be mad^
some lime between the first of April and the first of Octpber, and
tbe other ^ometiaie between the first of October 9n4

wrSSSSTto**" *^* ^^^ ^ -^P^*' • ^°} *^» thirdly, that the Local
Union Schools^ Superintendents of adjoining Townships shall have
fMithority and are hereby req<«ired to determine th?
sum or sums which shall be payable from the School appprtionmenl^
and assessment of each Township in suppcM't of Schools of Unipj9
School Sections consisting ^f portions of such Townships ; and
they shall also determine the nftaaner in which such
4th Proviso, sum or sums shall be paid : Provided, fourthly, that
in the event of one per«ion being Local Superintend
dent of both of the Townships concerned, he shall act in behalf of
such Townships ;, and in the event of the Local Superintendents of
Townships thus concerned not being able to agree a» to the sum or
sums to be paid to each such Township, the matter shail be referred
to the Warden pf tbe County or Union of Counties
for final decision : Provided, fifthly, that each Local
Superintendent of Schools shall have authority to
appoint the time and place of a Special School Sec->
tion Meeting, at 9,nj time and for any lawful purpose,
should he deem it eij^pedient to do so: Provide^
sixthly, that each Local Superintendent pf Schools
shall have. authority, within twenty days after any
meeting for the Election of Common School Section Trustees
within the limits of his charge, to receive and investigate any com-
plaint respecting the mode of conducting such Election, and to
confirm it or set it aside, and appoint the time and place of a new
^.lection, as he shall judge right and proper:
ciaUnd'Sihed' i^rovided, seventhly, that each Local Superintend-
ccrtifioates to ent hall have authority, on due e^^amination {accord-
TeachejM. j^^ ^ ^^^ programme authorized by law for the ex-

amination of Teachers),* to givt any candidate a certificate pf qua-
lification to teach a School within tbe limits of the charge of

6th Proviso — Spe
eittl School 8«o-
aion Meetings.

6th Proviso— In-
vestigatinKEIec-
tiun Complaints.

* See pamphlet edition of the Aot of 1860, pp. 10M08.

he shall
9 the ad-
luqiQipai*
» tjo eac^
be made
ihei% mi
:ober a^d
be Local
lall have
rmine tb?
'tioomepi;
9f Unipp
ips; and
hieh such
tbljr, that
iperiQteA"
behalf of
indents of
le sum or
J referred
Counties
Lcb Local
fhority to
lool Sec-
I purpose,
Providet,

Schools
after any

Trustees
any com-

, and to
of a new

proper i

erintend-

{accord-
i!r the ex-
te of pa-

harge of*

121

Bttch Local duperintendent, until the next ensuing meeting (and,,
no longer) of ilie County Board of Publip Instruction of which
such Local Superintendent is a Member ; but no such certiticate
of qualitication shall be given a second time, or shall be vaUc||
if given a second time to the same person m ,

the same County : Provided, eighthly, that in the w^lS'inVfiii
event ol a Local Superintendent of Schools resign- vacimcy in office
ing his office, the Warden of the County or Union ° ^'^ "*'**
of Counties within such Superintendent shall have held office, sh.\ll
have authority, if he shall deem it expedient, to appoint a fit and
proper person to the office thus vacated until the next ensuing
meeting of the Council of such County or Union of Counties.

V. Miscellaneous Provisions.
XV. And be it enacted. That the last proviso ol j£"» Proviso of

« , ^ . /. I TT /^-t 1 o 1 1 nth section of C.

the seventeenth Section ot the Upper Canada School jSciiooi Act of
Act of 1850, shall be and is hereby repealed ;* And *^ repealed.
be it also enacted, That the Arbitrators mentioned in the s:iid seve*i-
teenth Section of the said Act, shall have authority to administer
oaths to and to require the attendance of all or any
of the parties interested in the said reference, and of
their witnesses, with all such books, papers and
writings as such Arbitrators may req lire them or
either of them to produce ; ami the said Arbitrators,
or any two of them, may issue their warrant to any person to be
named therein, to enforce the collection of any sum or su.u^ of
money by them awarded to be paid, and the person named in such
warrant shall have the same power and authority to enforce the col-
lection of the money or moneys mentioned in the said warrant, with
all reasonable costs, by seizure and sale of the property of (he party
or corporation against whom the same is rendered, as any Bailiff of
a Division Court has in enforcing a judgment and execution issueU
out of such Court ; and no action shall be brought in any Court of
Law or Equity, to enforce any claim or demand which by the said
seventeenth {Section of the said in pait recited Act^ may be referred
to arbitration as therein mentioned.

XV r. And be it enacted. That whenever the lands or property

* Stie paiupUlot edition of thu Cuiuiuou School Act ot 1850, page 18.

Arbitrators be>
tweeii Teachers
and Trustees iii-
ve>led with f^U
powers in decido
disputes.

.1 I I

Au<*mnre shall
•rparurely ua«>eM
pTQperty wiitiiii
the limits ot
£chuol Secliona.

Proviso.

Township Coun-
cils shall iK>t col-
lect more than
one 8chcH>l rate
|)er year except
lor 8ite» and
School Huusest

122

of ftnj individual or company shall be situate wilbin the limits of tvro
or more ^School Sections, ii shall be the duty of each
Assessor appointed by any iVlunicipality, to assess
and return on his Roll, separately, the parts of such
lands or property according to the divisions of the
School Sections wilhin the limits of which such lands
or property may be situate : IVovided always, that
every undivided occupied lot or part of a lot shall only be liable to
be assessed for School purposes in the School Section where the
occupant resides.

XVIT. And be it enacted, That no Township
Council shall have authority to levy and collect in
any School Section during any one year, more than
one School Section rate, exctpt for the purchase of
a School site or the erection of a School House ;
nor shall any such Council have authority to give effect to the ninth
clause of the twelfth section of (he Upper Canada School Act of
1850/ for the levying and collection of rates for School purposes
of any School Section in any one year, unless the Trustees of such
School Section make application to the Council at
or before its meeting in August of such year : Pro-
vided also, that each such Township Council shall
have authority, under the restrictions imposed by
law in regard to the alteration of School Sections,
to form such part of any Union School Section as
is situated within the limits of its jurisdiction, into a distinct School
Section, or attach it to one or more existing School Sections or
parts ot Sections, as such Council shall judge expedienl f

XVIII. And be it enacted. That for and notwithstanding any-
thing contained in the Upper Canada School Act of 1850,]; the
Chief Superintendent of Schools shall have authority to direct the
distribution of the Common School Fund of any
Chief Supt. may Township, among the several School gSections and
parts of Sections entitled to share in the said Fund,
according to the length of time in each year, during
which a School shall have been kept open by a
legally qualified Teacher in each of such Sections or
parts of Sections.

* See panipliiet eUuiuii ot ilifi'Cuiiimuu bciiuoi Act of 186U, pugu IS.

f lt>id, page 21.

% ibid» pugs S2, lat dausei Slat section.

Application from
trustees fur rates
•hall be made
bttute August.

Pnwiso HI refirard
loUniou iSeclioiu

direct the distrl'.
ImiiMU of the C.
(B Fund accotd-
ing to the length
of lime a School
is lutpl opeiu

123

its of two
y of each
to assess
s of such
IS of the
iich lands
lys, that
hable to
here the

^ownship
oilect in
ore than
chase of
House J
he ninth
Act of
purposes
) of such
luncil at
r: Pro-
cil shall
osed bj
sections,
::tion as
t School
tions or

ig any-
0,1 the
'ect the
of anjr
Dns and
Fund,
, during
:n by a
tions or

XIX. And be it enacted, That if any person J^^'^?l'>' """r/t
«hall wilfully disturb, interrupt or disquiet any Com- lic ^cUooi?
mon or other Public School, by rude or indecent

behaviour, or by making a noise either within the place where such
School is kept or held, or so near thereto as to disturb the order or
exercises of ^Uv.h School, such person shall, on conviction thereof
before any Justice of the Peace, on the oath of one or more credi-
ble witnes.^es, forfiit an<i pay such a sum ot money ^
not exceeding" F4ve Pounds, together with the costs
of and atten.iing the conviction, as the said Justice shall think fit;
such conviction and all other convictions before a Justice or Jus-
tices of the Peace under this Act or the Upper • - r j p
Canada School Act of 1850, and the costs thereof, uiid..r ihe Coin.
to be levied and collect«'d from the offender, who, in '^'>"**' •A'^'*'
default of payment, mav be imprisoned foi*any time not exceeding
thirty days, unless such fine and costs, and the reasonable expenses
of endeavoring to callect the same, shall be sooner paid.*

XX. And be it further enacted, That the Certificates of Quali-
fication which have heretofore been granted to
Teachers of Common Schools by any County or
Circuit Board of l^ublic Instruction in Upper Canada,
or at any meeting ol any Members not less than
three of the .vj embers of such Boards, and which
have not been cancelled, shall at all times be con-
sidered as didy and leii;ally granted, notwithstanding
any want of noiice to the several Members of the
said Board, of the tiines and places of meeting for the purpose of
granting such certificates, and notwith.4anding any other want of
form in the organizing or conducting of the business of any such
County or Circuit iioard ; jy[id any certificate purporting to be
granted by any such Board, hv any three Members thereof, and
having the si|>iiiitnie of at least one Local Superintendent of Schools,
shall be considered a good and valid certificate of qualification,
according to the effect thereof, until the same shall be annulled.

XXI. An I whereas doubts have arisen whether the Trustees of
any School Section, or the Board of School Trustees „ .

of any Cily, Town or Village, can appoint any one
or more of their own number, Collector or ColleG-

Validily of Cer-
tific-iites (rraiileJ
4o Teiichers un-
der ceriaiii cir-
cumr-taiices re-
coi;iiiz('d, and
^inu't'ediiisfs of
JBt>ard of'l'ublio
liisirncliuu con-
firmed.

Power of C. SL
I ru.stee-* to ap-

* Bee puuipUlt't eJitiuu of the C. S. Act ut 16oU, bucuuii 4t>, pu^u 44.

I T,

I !

It:

i:i:.

124.

KenlileTve^'^Coi- *®'^* ®^ School rates ;• For the removal thereof, Be
tccior,.(juiifarmed. it enacted, That it &hall and may be lawful for the
Irusiees of any School Section, or the Board of
School Ti'ustees in anv City, 'i own or incorporated Village, to ap-
point one or more of their number a Collector or Collectors to col-
lect the School rates of any such Section, Cily, Town or Village*

XXII. And be it enacted, That if the Collector appointed by
- . . - (he Trustees of any School Section, shall have been

FrovMion for ,, ,, < . /•'»f,ii

obtainnigihe unable to collect that portion of any School rate
SSthS'Cw * which was charged on any parcel of land liable to
noiuresukuw. assessment, by reason of there being no person resi-
'detit thereon, or no goods and chattels to distrain, the Trustees
shall make a return to the Clerk of the Municipality befor e the end
of- the then current year, ef all such parcels of land and the uncol-
lected rates thereon ; and the Clerk shall make a return to the
County Treasurer of all such lands and ihe arrears of School rates
thereon, and such arrears shall be collected and accounted for by
such Treasurer in the same manner as the arrears of other taxes ^
and the Township, Village, Town or City in which such School
Section is situate, shall Make up the deficiency arising from the
uncollected rate on lands liable to assessment, out of the General
Funds of the Municipality.

XXIII. And be it enacted, That whatever additional sum or
sums of money may be payable to Upper Canada out of the Legis-
lative School Grant, or may be granted during the present session
of this Farliament for Common fechool purposes in Upper Canada,

shall be expended in the following manner : Firstly,
additional to I™ a sum of not less than Four Thousand Founds shall
JKlis'iu^u" c* ^^ apportioned and expended for the support of Com-
mon Schools, as provi^d in the thirty-tifth Section
of the Upper Canada School Act of 1850 ; Provided always, that
not more than Five Hundred Pounds of the said sum may be ex-
pended in special aid of Common Schools in new and poor Town-
^ ships ; Secondly, a sura not exceeding One Thous-

duii.n8a*h"nid and Pounds per annum shall be expended in further
^C 'JSJpiyi^R^'hll support of the Normal and Model Schools for
^pifttu of Edu- Upper Canada, and in supplying a copy of the

* See 2iid clauee of ihe 12th Section oi the School Act of 1860, pamphlet
•ditiou, page 11 : and 7th clause of the 24th Section, page 26.

125

Ml/on to eack
St-hool Cotp.Jk/0,

Provwo.

£500 per •nimm

apprnpriatett In $i
Caiiadiaa MdM>
niri ill Normal
School buikliag&

Journal of EJucifion to each School Corporation
and each Local Superintendent of Schools in Upper
Canada : Trovided always, that not more than Four
Hundred and Fifty Pounds of the said sum shall
be expended in the circulation of the Journal of Education; and
the balance of Huch sum shall be expended as
provided for in the thirty-eighth Section of the
Upper Canada School Act of 1850 ; Thirdly,
a sum not exceeding Five Hundred Pounds per
annum in.\y be expended by the Chief Superintend-
ent of Schools in the purchase, from time to time, of
Books, Publications, Specimens, Models and Objects, suitable for
a Canadian Library and Museum, to be kept in the Normal School
Buildings, and to consist of Books, Publications, and Objects, relat-
ing to Education and other departments of Sci(*nce and Literature,
and Specimens, Models, and Objects iUustrating the Physical Re-
sources and Artificial Productions of Canada, especially in reference
to Mineralogy, Zoology, Agriculture, and Manufac- ^^ p„ ^^^^^
tures ; Fourthly, a sum not exceeding Five Hundred
Pounds per annum, shall be applied towards forming
a fund for the sup-^ jrt of superannuated or worn-out
Common School Teachers in Upper Canada, under such regulations
as may be adopted, from time to time, by the Council of Publio
Instructioa, and approved of by the Governor in
Council : Provided always, that no Teacher shall Proviso,
be entitled to share in the said fund who shall not contribute to
such fund at least at the rate of One Pound per annum, for tha
period of his teaching School, or receiving aid from such fund, and
who shall not furnish satisfactory proof to the Council of Public In-
struction, of inability, from age or loss of health in
teaching to pursue that profession any longer ; Pro-
vided also, that no allowance to any superannuated
or worn-out Teacher shall exceed th»^ rate of One
Pound Ten Shillings for each year that such Teacher shall hava
taught a Common School in Upper Canada.

XXIV. And whereas it is highly desirable that R^cital-chlef
uniformity of decision should exist in cases that m ly frl')m'(kc?«^!jw «f
arise triable in the Division Courts, against and be- P']i'V"",^**'l'['V
tween !>upermtenaents, I rustees, I eacners and others to the .«nper^r
acting under the provisions of the Common School S at-rSS*

towards roriqing
a fund for super-
aiiiiiitiled C. &
teachen.

Proviso — An
allowanci'towonB
out teachers.

Acts of Upper Canada — Be it therefore enacted, That the Chief
Buperintendent of Scliools for Upper Canada, may, within one month
after the rendering of any Judgment, in any of the saiJ Courts, in
any case arising as aforesaid, appeal from the decision of any Judge
of the said Courts to either of the Superior Courts of J^aw, at To-
ronto, by serving notice, in writing, of such his intention to do '^o,
upon the Clerk of rsuch Division Court, which Appeal shall be
entitled <* The Chief Superintendent of Schools for Upper Canada,
Appellant, in the matter between (A. B. and C. D.)f' and it shall
be the duty of the Judge of the said Court, to certify under hi»
band, to either of the Superior Courts aforesaid, as the case may
Modeorproceed- ^^t the summons and statement of claim and other
*"»• proceedings in the case, together with the evidence

and his own Judgment thereon, and all objections made thereto ;
whereupon the same matter shall be set down lor argument at the
next term of such Superior Court, which Court shall give such
Order or direction to the t-ourt below, touching the Judgment to
be given in such matter, as the law of the land and equity shall re-
quire, and shall also award costs in iheir discretion, against the
Appellant, which costs shall be certified, to and form part of the
Judgment of the Court below ; and upoh receipt of such Order,
direction, and certificate, the Judge of the Division Court shall
forthwith proceed in accordance therewith j Pro-
vided that all costs awarded against the Appelant,
and all costs incurred by him, shall be payable by
the the Chief l!iuperintendent,and the amount charge-
able to the Contingencies of his Office : And the
Judge presiding over any Division Court wherein
any action of the kind referred to in this section is
brought, may order the entering of judgment to be delayed for a
•ufficient time to permit either party to apply to the Chief Super-
intendent of Schools to appeal such case, and after Notice of Appeal
is served as herein provided, no further proceedings shall be had in
cuch case until the matter of the Appeal shall be decided by such
Superior Court.

XXV. And be it enacted. That it shall be the
duty of the Clerk of each Township Municipality to
prepare in duplicate a Map of the Township, show-
ins the divisions of the Township into School Sec-
tioiis aud parts of Uoiou School Sections, one cop;^

Proviso— Costs
lo l)e paid hy
lOducutiuu Ofl[ice,
L'pper Cuiiadu.

Pivi^ion' Court
proce*!diiigs tu be
•taycd 111 case of
appeal

Township clerks
lo prepurf. Map
of towii^liip ill
tfuptinite sliow-
iiiK the Huh. Hec-
lioiM n, Uiiiuii6 q{
Sectiuus.

I'i-

i^'

,?27

the Chief
)ne month
-Courts, in
loy J udge
V, at To-
lo do ^0,

shall be

Canada,
d it shall
inder his
lase maj
nd other
evidence
thereto ;
\t at the
ive such
^ment to
ihall re-
inst the
t of the

Order,
rt shall
i; Pro-
ppelant,
ible bj
charge-
Lnd the
ivhercin
ction is
1 for a
Super-
A.ppeal

had in
Y such

Where deposited

of which shall be furnished to the County Clerk for the use of the
County Council, and the other shall be retained in the Township
Cltrk'fi Office, for the use of the Township Muni-
cipality.

XXVI. And be it enacted, That such of the EMrtmenij^jn-

provi.«ions of the Upper Canada School Act of thu aci to he re-

1850, as are contrary to the provisions of this Act, P«»^e<*«
shall be and are hereby repealed.

Tfi ■ Act to
apply to l«t93.

XXVII. And he it enacted. That the provisions
of this Act shall apply to all School affairs and to
all persons referred to in the said provisions, for the present year
one thousand eight hundred and tifty-three.

XXVIII. And be it enacted. That in citing or short Titieei to
otherwise referring to the said Act passed in the ^- **• 'c^'*"L
Session held in iht^ thirteenth and fourteenth years

of Her Majesty's Reign, and intituled, An Act for the better
estMishmeut and maintenance of Common Schools in Upper
Canada^ it shall be sufficient to designate it as <* The Upper
Canada School Act of 1850,'^ and that in citing or otherwise re-
ferring to this Act, it shall be sufficient to designate it us " The
Upper Canada Supplementary School Act of 1853;" and that in
citing or otherwise referring to the said Acts generally, or to them
and to any other Act or Acts relative to Common Schools, which
may at the time of such citation or reference be in force in Upper
Canada, it shall be sufficient to use the expression, << L'be Common
fichooi Acts of Upper Canada/'

be (he
ility to
show-
I Sec-
i copy

\42fACT

ii •'.'■

Ill

i;t'

t' :

■i '

{ ^

■ i

"k28

' . ,1-

, li^iVO qUARTO-DXCTMO BT QVINTO-DECISW, YICTORIJE REGINIB^
* CAPUT CXI.

in. SEPARATE SCHOOLS IN CITIES AND

•>^„

;> '' .

' TOWNS.

Preamtt*.

18th and 14ih
ViclorlH, chapter
,4d, cited.

AN ACT TO DEFINE AND RESTORE CERTAIN RIGHTS TO PARTIES

THEREIN MENTIONED.

( [Received the Royal jkssent, 90th August, 1861.]

WHEREAS it is expedient to remove doubts
vrhich have arisen in regard to certain pro-
visions of the nineteenth section of an Act passed
in the thirteenth ahd fourteenth years of her Ma-
jesty's Reign, and intituled An Act for the better EsfaMhhmtnt
and Maintenance of Cirmmon Schools in Upper Canada ; and
Whereas it is inexpedient to deprive any of the parties concerned
of rights which they have enjoyed under preceding School Acts for
Upiper Canada: Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most
Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the
Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly of the Province of
Canada, constituted and assembled by virtue of and under the
authority of an Act passed in the Parliament of the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, and intituled An Act to re-ttnite
the Provinces of Upper and Lower Canada, and for the Govern'
ment of Canada, and it is hereby enacted by th^ authority of the
same, That each of the parties applying, according
to the provisions of the said nineteenth section of
said Act, shall be entitled to have a separate school
in each ward, or in two or more wards united, as
said party or parties shall judge expedient, in each
city or town in Upper Canada : Provided always,
that each such school shallhe subject to ail the ob-
ligations and entitled to all the advantages imposed and conferred
upon separate schools by the said nineteenth section of the said
Act.*

Each parly ap-
plying Khali be
eiitillecl to have a
•eparate cchool
ill each ward or
union of wards.

Proviso.

* See Pamphlet Editioa of the School Act of 1860, p»ge 21 ; and also
section IV of the Supplementary School Act of 1853 iu thU pamphlet^
page 114.

PARTIES

It, 1851.]
>ve doubts
trtain pro-
Lct passed
f her Ma-
hluhm^nt
ada; and
concerned
1 Acts for
^n^s Most
snt of the
rorihce of
inder the
ted King-

t'M

129

Govern,'
\j of the
ic cording
ection of
ite school
united, as
in each
always,
the ob-
onferred
the said

and also
mmphlet^

IV. OFFICIAL CIRCULARS FHOM TOE CHIEF

SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS FOR

UPPER CANADA.

1. To Local SwperiniendenU of Schools on the apportio?iment
of the Legislative School Grant f for 1S53.

Sib:

I have notified your County Council and Treasurer, through
the County Clerk, of the apportionment to the several Municipalities
of Upper Canada, of the Legislative School Grant for the current
year. Your County Clerk will doubtless forthwith notify you of
this apportionment, so far as you are concerned. A copy of the
iipportionment will also be found in the Journal of Eaucation for
•June, together with a copy of ray Circular to County Clerks on the
subject.

2. On your beingduly notiiied of this apportionment, your first duty
will be to distribute it to the several School Sections under your
charge entitled to a share in it, as defined in the provisos of the second
clause of the 31st Section of the School Act of 1850. In former
years, the basis of distribution was the school population in each sec-
tion, between the ages of 5 and 16 years. The injustice of this
principle of distribution is obvious, from the fact, that it is not based
upon either the value of property taxed, or the work performed, in
each School Section, but merely upon the number otchildren of a cer-
tain age resident in each section. It has often happened that in a
School Section of over 100 children, a school has not been kept open
more than six months in a year, while in another section of less than
70 children, the School has been kept open during nine or twe- ve
months ; yet the former more ropulous and less working section
received one third more money from the School Fund than the
latter less populous, but more working and more deserving School

130

Section. Beside**, the object of ;ne School Fund being to develop
and aid, but not supersede, local exertion, th s object is greatly
contravened, when any basis not founded on exeition b adopted in
the distribution of that fund ; and therefore this principle of dis-
tributing the School rund among the School Sections of a Town-
ship, was abandoned in the School Act of 1S50, except in cases
sanctioned by the Chief Superintendent of Schools, in order to
make the transition tu a better mode of distributing the School
Fund as easy and fair as possible.

3. Now, there are two legal modes of distributing the
School Fund among the School Sections, based upon exertion.
The one mode is that which makes the average attendance
of 'pupi!s at School the basis of distribution to each School, as
provided for in the 1st clause of the 31st section of the Act
of 1850. To the application of this provision of the Act, it
has been objected that it is the average attendance of 1851, that
determines the distribution of the School Fund for 1852, and so on ;
whereas each Teacher, (or year,) ought to receive the reward of
his own labour. I think this objection is well founded ; and there-
fore the 5th section of the Supplementary School Act, (just passed
by the Legislature) requires •* the Trustees of each School Section,
on or beiore the 30th day of June and the 31st day of December
in each year, to transmit to the Local Superintendent a correct
return of the average attendance of pupils in the school or schools
under their charge during the six months then 'mmediately prece-
ding; nor shall any School Section be entitled to share in the
apportionment from the School Fund for the said six months, the
Trustees and Teacher of which shall neglect to transmit a verified
statement of such average attendance of pupils in their School or
Schools." In order to enable Trustees and Teachers to comply
with this provision of the Law, without delay or embarrassment, I
have caused to be printed and transmitted to each of them, with
their Journal of Education for June, a blank form of the return

develop
is greatly
L(lopted in
le of dis-

a Town-
t in cases

order to
lie School

iting the
exertion,
ttendance
chool, as
the Act
Act) it
^51, that
nd so on ;
'eward of
nd there-
ist passed
Section,
)eceinber
a correct
r schools
\y prece-
in the
»nths, the

1 verified
School or
comply
isment, I
lem, with
le return

131

required, together with the needful directions for filling it up. Upon
this return, which you will carefully examine and check, will be based
your di!^tribulion, according to average attendance tor the fir&t half
of the current year.*

4. But the 18lh section )f the Supplementary School Act pro-
vides another mode of distributing the School Fund among the School
Sections of a Township. It enacts, " That for and notwithstan-
ding any thing contaim-d in the Upper Canada School Act of 1850,
the Chief Superintendent of Schools shall have authority to direct
the distribuiion of the Common School Fund in any Township
among the several School Sections or parts of School Sections en-
titled to >>hare in said F\in6, according to th;! lengtk of time in
each yrafy during which the school shall have been kept open by
a legally qualified Teacher in each of such sections or parts of
sections." In the course of my visits to the several counties of
Upper Canada, last winter, I was assured by practical and experi-
enced persons, that in some Townships, thinly settled School Sec-
tions could not compete with thickly settled ones in regard to the
average attendance of pupils at school, but th^^y could, if each
school was aided according to the length of time the school is
kept open by a qualified Teacher. To give the weak every facility
possible to compete with the strong, this provision has been intro-
duced into the Act ; and it appears to me to be equitable, especially
since the Supplementary School Act (13th section) limits all rate-

* The tbllov ing extract from the Journal of Ji'dncation tor August, 1852,
page 120, will serve to illustrate the principle upon wliicli this distributioa
is based. '*A Local Superintendent enquires: — One school is kept open
six months of a year — three mouths in winter, and three months in suuiiucr
— with an averiige attenaance of forty pupils during each three months.
Another school is kept open twelvemonths in a year — six monhtsin winter,
and six months in summer — with an average attendance of forty pupils
during each six months. Are both schools to receive alike? Or is the
latter to receive twice the amount of the former, having performed twice
the amount of labor ?" " The answer is, the latter school is entitled to twice
as large a sum as the former; the principle of the law being to he!p those
that help themselves, and in proportion as they help themselves." See alsQ
the annual School Report for ;8&1, pages 170-174,

[yj

i'>

132

bills throughout Upper Canada, to one shilling and threepence
per month, for each pupil aUendiiig sdiool, and leaves it with the
school electors in each section, to decide whether they will even
retain a rate-bill to that amount or not. It is therefore no longer
in the pow^r of short-sighteu and selfish persons, to exclude any
class of children from the schools, by imposing high rate-bills ; and
as the schools are now by the general law of the land, so nearly
made free to all classes of children, !t is most desirable to encour-
age the keeping of each school open, by a legally qualified Teacher,
during as large a por .ion of the year as possible.

5. But I must request and authorise you to exercise your own
discretion, aided by the advicu of Councill(»rs or other persons of
experience in your neighborhood, as to which of these two modes
you will odopt the present year in the distribution of the School
Fund, to the schools under your superintendence. I must, how-
ever, remark that the two modes of distributing of the School Fund
cannot both be adopted in any one Township ; the one or the other
mode must be adopted for all the schools in each Township, and j!
be based upon eithfci* the length of tirue or average attendance
reported in the semi-annual return of the Trustees.

6 As to Union School Sections, I have not been able to learn
or devise any one geaer?\ regulation that could be justly applied to
to them all, without entailing upon the Trustees and other parties a
grea( deal ot trouble. Therefore, the 14th section of the Supple-
mentary School Act provides " that the Local Su^,eri^teuden^s of
adjoining Townshi|»s shall have authority, and they are hereby re-
quired, to determine the sum or sums which shall be payable fiom
the School apportionment and assessment of each Township in sup-
port of Schools of Union School Sections, consisting of portions of
such Townships ; and they shall determine the manner in which
such sum or sums shall be paid; and in the event of one person
being Local Superintendent of two or more Townships, he shall act
in behalf of .such Thownship j and in the event of the Local Su^.er-

threepence
it with the
T will even
5 no longer
exclude any
;-bills ; and
1, so nearly
I to encour-
jd Teacher,

56 your own
r persons of
two modes
the School
must, how-
Ichool Fund
or the other
wnship, and j?
attendance

ble to learn
applied to

ler parties a

the Supple-

itendenJ^s of
hereby re-
yable fi om

iship in sup-
portions of

3r in which
one person
he shall act

ocal Suf.er-

J33

intendents of Townships thi'-s concerned not being able to agi'ee as
to the sum or sums to be paid to each such Township, the matter
shall be referred to the Warden of the County or Union of Counties
for final decision."

7. In regard to the apportionment to Separate Schools, the
provisions of the 4th section of the Supplementary School Act, in
connection with the 19th section of the School Act of 1850, are
so explicit, that I need only observe that one-half of what a Se-
parate School may be entitled to for the year, according to average
attendance, should be paid at the end of the first half year, and the
other half (more or less) should be paid at the end of the second
hair year — in each case after receiving the semi-annual return re-
quired by the second proviso in the 4fth Section of the Supplement-
ary Act, an»i on being satisfied of its accuiacy. It is to be observed
that Separate Schools are subject to the same inspections, visits,
and regulations in regard to reports, &.C., as are public Common
Schools.

8. The Supplementary School Act provides for the expenditure
of a sum not exceeding j£500 per annum " in special aid of Com-
mon Schools in new and poor Townships.''^ The Local Super-
intendent of cny such Township is requested to communicate to me
before the end of August, at i he latest, any cases of peculiar need
and desert, and the circumstances connected with it ; and when I
shall have examined and compared all the cases thus submitted, I
will make the best distribution in my power of the jG500 in qnes-
ticn, and notify tlie parties concerned accordingly.

9. In my Circular to the Clerks of County Councils, I have
suggested that each Local Superintendent be instructed to transmit
to the County Auditors, by the 1st of March in each year, a state-
ment of the apportionments made and the checks issued by him,
that the Auditors may be able to dotect any error (or fraud, if any
should be attempted) on the part of Teacher or Treasurer. This
yen can easily do \ and it will tend to secure perfect accuracy in a

i ■■"'■ t

4 ,

1 . ■

134

vital part of the SrIiocI system, as yet so defeuilve, and place alt
parties concerned above suspicion and above the reach of calumny.
10. The provisions of the Supp'ementary School Act will
greatly facihtate the discharge of your duties, will gready reduce
the occasions of dilVerence and disputes in School Sections, and will,
1 think, greatly promote the interests of schools throughout Upper
Canada. We can all unite with renewed confidence and zeal in this
great work, rasure.l thit our labors will not be in vaia.
I have the honor to be, Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

E. RYERSOxV.
Education Office,

Toronto, 22nd June, 1853.

2. To 'trustees of Common Schools in the several Townships of

Upper Canada*

Gentlemen,

In order to aid voii in the discharge of your important duties, I
address you a fviW words respecting the provisions of the Supplementary
Common School Act, which has just been passed by the Legislature,
and which is published in the Journal of Education for June — an Act
which, while it leaves unchanged the general provisions of the School
Act of 18."0, remedies defects which the experience of the last three
years has detected.

1. My first remark is, that, as enacted in the 27th Section, the Sup-
plementary Act applies to all School affairs of the current year. All
the School proceedings, therefore, which have taken place since the
1st of January, arc subject to the provisions of this Act.

2. By the 13th section of this Act, no rate-bill can be imposed ex-
ceeding one shilling and three-pence per month for each pupil attend-
ing School. All other expenses of each school must be provided for by
voluntary subscription cr rate on property. Reducing the maximum
of all School rate-bills to one shilling and three-pence per month for
each pupil, is the next thing to esta' lishing Free Scho Is throughout
Upper Canada; aud all the hitherto agitating questions at School

place all
calumny.
A.CI will
(T reduce
and willy
it Upper
al in this

SOxV.

ipso/

duties, I
raentary
jislature,
—an Act
e School
ist three

he Sup-
ar. All
ince the

osed ex-
altend-
d for by
iximura
[)nth for
)ughout
School

135

tnectings as to the mode of providing for the support of schools, afe
now narrowed down to the simple question, as to whether a rate bill of
one shilling and three-pence (or less,or nothing) per month for e.^ch pupil
shall be imposed. This provision will largely increase the attendance
of pupils at school, as no parent will now keep his children from school
for fear of a heavy rate-bill; it will vastly lessen the topics and
causes of difforer''es and disputes at School meetings ; it will render
the duties of Trustees more simple and easy to discharge, and the
salaries of School Teachers more uniform and secure. The real design
of this noble provision of the law, and the legitimate inference from it,
ought never to be forgotten by Trustees. A law providing that a
school should be supported wholly or mostly by the property of all,
on . ■ ot have been enacted, except with the design that a Teacher
jsnould be employed who is qualified to tecich the children of all — that
is, the several branches of an English education to all pei sons of school
age residing in the section. If each man contributes according to his
property to support a school, each man's child has a right to be taught
in such school. Should Trustees employ a Teacher (for the sake of
getting a " cheap" one) who is not qualified to teach all children of
their section the subjects required to be taught in Common Schools,
they would virtually exclude v. portion of the children of their section
from t'le benefits of the schojl ; they would abuse the principles and
pervert the grent oljectsof the Free School system ; they would, I am
inclined to th' V render themselves liable to a fine for neglect of duty,and
to a prosev . I)' • for damages on the part of parents of children de-
prived of ih ; .; ^.a? tages of the school in consequence of the incompe-
tence of the tenc i.Tcn^ployed. All Trustees should bear in mind, that
thepiinciple of Free Schools aims as much to imjrove he quality of
teaching and to elevate the character of the school, as it does to render
them accessible, without let or hindrance, to all the child: en of the land.

8. While the 10th Section of this Act secures to each School Section
the benefit of all the taxable property situated within Its limits, the
23d secti<, provides a pronrptand easy mode of securing the payment
of all scIm' ^ates on the lands.' of absentees. These two provisions
will be of gt eat advantage to a largu proportion of the School Sections
throughout Upper Canada.
^4. The 6th section of this Act invests the Trustees of each School

K:!-^
i'-'-\

:''?

136 ' - ^ ,

Section with the same authority to tasesii and collect rates for the puf»
pose of purchasing school sites an4 the erection of sehooKhoHseS; ap
they are invested with by law to assess and collect for other pchoc^
purpbs^s; so that the^ Trustees need not, unless they choose to do 80|,
apply to a Municipal Council for any purpose whatever, except in re-
ference to the boundaries of their St;hool Section ; nor has any Muni*
cipal Council a right to interfere in the. affairs of a School Section
(except in altering its boundaries), unless at the request of such sec-
tion, made through its Trustees.

5. There are but two particulars in which the powers of Trustees
are limited. 1. They cannot change the present school site, or select
R new one, without calling a pub r nppting of their Section to consider
ii See 6th section of the Siippleu. ry School Act. 2. They must
also consult the annual or a special meeting of their section, as to
whether a rate-bill (of one shilling and three-pence, or less, per month
for each pupil) should be imposed or not. The selection of a new
school site does not often occur; the decision as to the rate-bill is
annual, and should be made at the annual School Section meeting
With this single exception — and it is reduced to the simple question
of a small monthly rate bill — the management of all the affairs of each
School Suction belongs wholly to the Trustees as the elective represen-
tatives of such Section. They, and they only, are authorised by law,
to determine the sum or sums that shall be raised, and when and how
paid, for all School purposes, whether for the procuring of a school
Bite, the erection, repaiis, or furnishing of a school-house, the pay-
ment of a teacher, the purchase of apparatus, text-books, maps,
library- books, or for any other school purpose whatever.

6. With these almost unlimited power-s, Trustees will be the respon-
Bible and blamuble parties in every case in which there is not a good and
well-furnished schoolhouse,and asch ol kept open by a qualified ';eacher.
The 16ih clause of the 12th section of the School Act of 1830 makes
each Trustee personally liable, if he neghicts to exercise the powers
invested in him by law, for the fulfilment of any contrict or agreement
made by his corporation ; and the 9th section of the Supplementary
School Act makes Trustees personally responsible to their Section, for
the amount of any moneys which shall be forfeited or lost to their
school through their neglect of duty. If, therefore, a school is not

■ ,,?.

r9t

Mie pur*

Hses; ap
r 9cho<4
uO do B(v
pt in re-
ly Muni-
Section
Ach seo-

Trustees
or selecfc
consider
ley must
>n, as to
)r month
f a new^
te-bili is
meeting
question
3 of each
epresen-
l by law,
and how
a school
the pay-
maps,

3 respon-
good and
I ';eacher.
)0 makes
) powers
trccment
imentary
ction, for
to their
ol is not

TT.

kept open in each section six months of each year by akgally qualified
Teacher, the Trustees of such section will be personally liable, on the
complaint of fny one of their constituents, for the payment of the
amount of th^ School Fund forfeited through their neglect of duty'. '^ " '
^'7. I desire also to direct your particular attention to the semi-anmiid
returns of the average attendance of pupils required by the 5th section
Of the Supplementary School Act With the number of the Jowmal tif
Education containing this Circular, you will receiye a blank return
for the first half of the current year, which you will forthwith fill up
jMNbcwArd to your Local Superintendent. The object of this providon
of the Act is, to make the doings of each School Section during each
half year the basis of its participation in tlie Sdhool Fund for such half
year. On this subject, I refer you to what I have stated at lengtii in
my Circular to Local Superintendents. ■ -'- '-' ■"'" •? "^oh-»i-?/F

8. In the first thirteen sections of the Supplementary School Act,there
are other provisions relative to Trustees, on which I need not remitfl:,
but all which are designed to increase the eflQciency of the office of
Trustee. The 15th section of the Supplementary School Act, confers
upon School Arbitrators full powers to give effect to their decin<ms,
and prohibits firom being brought before a Court of Law, any question
of dispute between Trustees and Teachers, which may be referred
to arbitration. The ofBce of School Trustee, being now one Of great
powei* as well as of responsibility, I trust that you will earnestly labour
to fulfil its high objects, and thi^ become instruments of unspeakable
good to the rising and future generations of our country. < • v«

I have the honour to be, C^tlemen,
Your obedient Servant^

F RYBRSON.
Educatiok Offici,
Toronto, 24th June, 1858. r; .,.,:.

ii'.(

,'■*.

IffV

wiio

. f:-.

138

!•!

8« To Boards of School Trustees in Cities^ Towns and Tneorporated

Villages in Upper Canada.

Gbntlkmen, — It may be proper for me to direct your attention to
two or three .provisions of the Supplementary School Act.

il. By the first section of this Act, each Board of School Trustees is
inyested with authority (if it shall judge it expedient) to levy and
collect rates for any School purpose whatever. This provision does
9Qt lessen the obligation of the Municipal Council of any City, Town,
or Village to provide, jErom time to time, such sum or sums, in such
manner and at such times, as the Board of School Trustees shall
require; and the Court of Queen's Bench have decided that
9i)chis the^uty of each Municipal Council referred to. I hope it is
iiOt likely that any such Muuicipal Council will hereafter refuse or
hesitate to perform this duty. But there have been refusals, especially
<m the' part of several Village Councils, and the Board of School Trus-
teiBt^ in suqI^ cases hav^ been subjected to expense, embarrassment, md
^lay. This Section of the Supplementuy Act is designed to enable
iPro^' -ics.tp procecsd immediately in all such 'cases, if t^ey shall think
itft^yisa'b^ to levy and coUect such rates as they may require, instead
^proceediqg ag^ipst the Municipal OouncU before the Court of Queen's
99P<6b;: fmd t^e7*^ponsibility and odiuni of any addiUonal expeqses
fi^^h ,a B&&r4 pf Sdiool Trustees may thus incur, will M upon the
^VincU reAu^ng or neglecting to peripnn its duty. . ,^, j. ..

'!>. The 18th Section c^ the Supplementary Act restrictSj fr6m the
beginning of the current year, all rate-bills to a sum not exceeding one
shilling and tbree pence per month for each pupil attending school. All
the expenses of the schools under your charge, over and above this
rate-bill, ipust be provided for by a rate on property.

3. As all the schools in each city, tx>wn, or incorporated village, are
under the management of one Board, k -is npt reqinred to distribute the
the School Fund to each of such Schools as is required ampng the
several School Sections of a Township. The Board of School Trustees
wHl exercise their own discretion in regard to the sum or sums they
may expend in support of each School under their charge.

4. By the provisions of the 4th section of the Supplementary Act, it
will be seen that Separate Schools are not to shaJe in the Municipal

'^■r-.

139

AiiMvment part of the School Fund; As iho average attendance of
pupils for the whole year is the basis of difitribution under this sectioA
of the Act, the one-half of the sum payable to a Separate School foi' th0
year, should bo paid at the end of the fir?t half year, and the other
half (more or less) at the end of the second half year. The Trustees
of each Separate School must make to your Local Superintendent the
semi-annual returns required by this section of the Aot; and be
ghould visit each Separate School to see that the register is properif
kept, and that the attendance corresponds with the returns, in the
same manner as he is to visit the other schools under his charge for
the same purposes. Where exemption is sought from the payment of the
ordinary school rates, care should be taken that no parties be exempted
except those who fulfil the conditions in which such exemption is per*-
mitted.

5. The provisions of the 4th section of the Supplementary Act, while
leaving the applicants for Separate Schools not the slightest pretext of
complaint or agitation against the school system, will not, in t,he leiM^
embarrass you in your proceedings, or retard the noble and successful
endeavors which are making to provide suitable school accompiodatiotj^
and good schools for all ihp children in our cities, towns, and yiUages in

Upper Canada. ' ■ ' ' " "" ■'■'■'

I have the honor to be, gentlemen, ' ' ^' ' '
Your obedient servant, '''

■ ' ^ • ' •• • '■' E. RtEftfeO!^.
Education Oiticb, -^

Toronto, June 28th, 1853: - . . v-»

■ ■'\^

■■ 4^\

4. Extract of Circular to Clerks of Counties or Unions of
Counties in Upper Canada on varvms-ynatters,

* • • * ♦ • « ♦...♦!

4. I must again solicit the special attention of your County
Council to the 1st, 4«th, and "nh clauses of the 27th section of the
School Act, requiring each County Council to provide for the
punctual payment, the security, and the proper accounts of the
expenditure of all School moneys within its jurisdiction. In my

140

J 3"

•1

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Circular to County Clerks ast jrear, (printed in my Annual School
Keport for 1851, pp. 158-162), I showed how impossible it is for
me to know whether the conditions and requirements of the law have
been fulfilled in any County or Township, without full and accurate
accounts of the expenditure of School moneys. I "afterwards
transmitted to each County Clerk a pr'ntcd blank account of
School moneys, with full and minute directions for filling it up.
Yet this year's County returns of the expenditure of School
moneys are almost as defective as were those of last year. In
about three-fourths of these returns, the expenditure of eonsiderable
sums is imperfectly or not at all P^'counted for ; defects in financial
accounts which, were they to occur in the returns of any of the
Executive Departments of the Government, would be the subject
of reprobation in the Legislature and by the press generally. The
frequent and accurate accounting for the expenditures of all public
moneys, is one of the essential means of securing their faithful appli-
cation, and one of the essential conditions of good government ; but
if it should continue to appear that in those bodies which are directly
elected by the people, and in regard to moneys specially devoted to
the intellectual improvement of the country, there is the least strict-
ness and accuracy in accountmg for the expenditure of School
moneys, the fact will go far to prove the inefficiency of elective
bodies, or that our country is not prepared for the operation of the
elective system, in such affairs. T trust that every friend to that
system in your Council, and every friend to the progress of educa-
tion, will see that punctual, accurate, and full returns be made of
all School moneys expended within its jurisdiction, and that the
portion of the School Fund to be provided by your Council will be
punctually payable at the times prescribed by law.

5. I have reason to believe that in many, if not in most, instances,
there has been no want of attention in preparing the returns of
School moneys required by law ; but I am assured that the irregu-
arity chiefly arises frOm the want of punctuality or faithfulness on

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the part of sub-Treasurers, who, in many cases, I am told, are re-
garded as Township Officers, and who give no security to tb*)
County Council for School moneys placed in their hands. On this
point I beg to remark, that if any Township Treasurer acts as sub-
Treasurer of School moneys, he does so, not as a Township Officer,
but as a County Officer, and by virtue of appointment of the County
Council, as provided for by the 4th clause of the 27th section of
the School Act of 1850, and to which Council he is to give security
for the safe-keeping and punctual payment of School moneys en-
trusted to him, and in the case of the loss of any part of such
moneys, on account of proper security not having been taken by the
County Council, the 43d section of the Act makes the members of
the County Council personally responsible for such moneys.

6. On this important subject I would offer the following suggestions
for the consideration of your County Council. Firmly: Whether it
be necessary at all to appoint any sub-treasurers of school moneys in
your county,. Most of the Counties are much smaller than in for-
mer years — facilities for travelling and business are greater— a
Local Superintendent's check to a school teacher is as good as a
bank note, and can easily be cashed by shopkeepers or other men
of business in any part of a county. Secondly ^ — That if it be still
deemed necessary to appoint sub-treasurers of school moneys, they
be each required to lodge their bonds for the security of such
moneys with the County Clerk. Tfw'dly, — That each sub-treasurer
be directed to keep accounts of the Legislative Grant and Munici-
pal Assessment parts of the School Fund separate, and carry for-
ward the balances of former years. Fourthly — That no sub-trea-
surer be paid the Legislative Grant for the current year, until he
shall have satisfactorily accounted for the school moneys in his hands
for the preceding year ; that in each such case, the County Trea-
surer pay out all school moneys belong^ing to the Townships con-
cerned. Fifthly — That in order to secure uniformity in the ac-
counting for school moneys, the treasurer or sub-treasurers be re-

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qaired to make up their accounts to the 1st of March in each year,
accompanied with vouchers to the County Auditors j and I will ex-
tend tJie time for the Auditors to examine them, and the County
Clerk to transmit to this Department the abstract of them,
together with the Auditors' general Report, as required by law,
until the 1st of April, leaving myself but one month instead
of two to examine the returns before making the annual apportion-
ment of the Legislative School grant. Sixthly — That each Local
Superintendent be instructed to transmit to the County Auditors a
statement of the apportionment made, and the checks issued by him,
that the Auditors may thus be able to detect any error, (or fraud,
if any should be attempted,) en the part of teachers or treasurers.
Thus will all parties concerned, stand above suspicion, and the ac-
curate accounting for school moneys wii! be satisfactory and com-
plete. I may add, that I practise the same careful and accurate
system of accounting for all public moneys that pass through my
hands, which I wish to see observed in each Municipality in Upper
Canada.

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' 7. In conclusion, I have great pleasure in referring to the Supple-
mentary School Bill, which has just been passed by the Legislature,
and the provisions of which remedy nearly all the defects which
the experience of three years, and a tour of consultation to the
several counties of Upper Canada, have pointed out in the School
Act of ISdO, without changing any of the organic principles or
general provisions of that Act. I have no doubt that the provision^
of the Supplementary School Act will greatly contribute to the
removal of doubts and embarrassments, the lessening of disputes,
the increase of facilities, in the administration of the School Law,
and the rapid diffusion oi education and geneial knowledge through-
out Upper Canada. The increase this year in the Legislative Grr.nt for
the support of Common Schools will require a corresponding increase
in the amount of Municipal School Assessments ; and as the 13th
Section of the Supplementary School Act does not permit in any

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School Division in Upper Canada, any rate-bill imposed to exceed
one shilling and threepence per month for each pupil ; and as an Act
has beta passed, enabling each County Council to equalize all assess-
ments on property, it may deserve the consideration of your County
Council, how far it may be advisable to increase the Municipal as-
sessment for the support of Schools — thus relieving the Trustees, to a
great degree, from an onerous part of their duty, and rendering the
Schools virtually free to every child in the land.

1 have the honor to be. Sir,

Your obedient Servant,

E. RYERSON.
Education Office,

Toronto, 18th June, 1853.