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Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est filmd d partir de Tangle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche A droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nornbre d'images ndcessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m6thode. Tata o jelure, 1 i 1 2 3 32X 1 2 3 4 5 6 -V%j Wr-' iT Little Mayflower Land INTRODUCTION. NOVA SCOTIA Pi T AND PRESENT. SORROW IN PINE \ ALLEY. ROYAL BLUE RIBBON ROUTE. LOVE IN A LOVELY VALLEY. a: ••, % BY THOMAS B. SMITH, 3 J / > J -HAUFAiX, N. S, : J AMES BoWfiS & 30N3, IRINTERS, HOI,LlS ST. 1900. ''%I0J^ 600369 % * m * ^ • * ■ V • » « . • fc « • k ' . • V ■ • « « « Cs' ■? THANKSGIVING. For beauty in this little land, That North and South cannot expand, For all the gems within the soil, For all the hardy sons of toil, For hill and valley, stream and wood, For old Atlantic's mighty flood, For fragrant flowers in varied bloom, That fill the air with rich perfume, For silent snow flakes as they crown. The mountains with ethereal down. For April buds and flowers of May, Loved Scotia's emblem every day. For sweetest incense 'neath the snow, For all we have, for all we know, For ships that sail each ocean track. In pride beneath the Union Jack, For marsh lands dressed in clearest green, For lake and bay and ocean scene, For hearts that beat from sea to sea, In steadfast love and loyalty. For good Victoria's glorious reign, UnspoUed, pure, without a stain, For church and sckool and Christ to guide. His loving care and word beside, For Celtic Saxon mothers, wives. Those guardian angels of our lives. For hearth and horae, for children, friends, For all that God in goodness sends, For kindly word and kindly deed, For those who help ''n time of need, For all, let us give thanks ! ■ Entered according to Act of Parliament of Canada, in the year One Thousand Nine Hundred, By Thomas B. Smith, At the Department of Agriculture. »!,;■ V ■ If ar ■ INTI^ODUC TION. \ lEITtlER square miles, nor years few or many, * ^ nor population can make a state or country. If square miles and population couM make a country, China would be the richest, greatest and most pro- gressive of any land in all the earch. The true greatness of a country depends upon the character of its people, wisdom of its rulers and enlightened spirit of its parliament Few persons will deny that Nova Scotia was more prosperous before her union with Canada than she has been for the first third of a century of Confederation. And to-day if it had not been for her minerals, her shipping, her fisheries and her attractive and seaside resorts, she would be almost as deserted as the isle of Sable. Nature has abundantly blessed ler, but the miser- able, contemptible, jealous, partisan, selfish spirit of her public men has cursed her. For thirty years her politicians have given themselves up to party bicker- ing and clap trap in the House of Commons, and scarcely one of her representatives has succeeded in making his supporters feel that th^y were listening to arguments in the interests of their province which could not be refuted, and to common sense it was ii INTRODUCTION. hardly pus.sible to gainsay. Most of those who were not mute politicians have spun sentences for the mere pleasure of talking or to satisfy a selfish anibiticn or party bigotry, while scores of thousand} of tlieir fellow proviuciali>its have been driftin.,' to other lands and Outario has been grabbing up the markets from those that remained. It is time some one who is thoroughly in earnest, spoke out of the abundance of his heart, and who is convinced h» is rigrht in the interest of the struororlinfj agriculturij^ts of Nova Scotia, to arouse the indig- nation of an injured and decreasing class. And in doing so he need feir not the pen nor the tongue of any public man, nor the power of any political party. Nova Scotia is more to him than any other part of the Dominion or any political class, and it should be and is to every one of her true sons. Have not most of our public men displayed all the imprudent zeal of blind partisans, who vote only for party and argue only to annoy opponents ? Fortu- nately vhe electors are beginning to see and feel the dreadful consequences of their blind partisa iship, but unfortunately their hour of awakening has been too long delayed for the good and prosperity of their province. When the possessioi of a seat in Parliament is .something to be desired for other and higher motives than the enjoyment of salary and power, or the satis- fying of mere selfish ambition, then we may expect to see some interest taken in the farmers and manual INTRODUCTION. 111. toilers cf Nova Scotia. Tlie day is fast passing when men can stand on the hustings and fly their political kites and then let go the strings after victory has perched upon their brows. They will no longer be congratulated upon their elegant amusement and bare faced deception. Names of parties will not save them nor official distinction protect them from the punishment they deserve from an aggrieved electorate. As the efforts of independent though^, have purged the country of sectarian school laws, so will these effbrts adorn the statute book of Cinada with a prohibitory liquor Act, and with legislation that will be felt as a blessins: from end to end of Nova Scotia. How could the province be properly represented when many of the corstituencies have baen controlled by a few boodlerd and self-seeking individuals, who^e first concern was their own pockets and elevation, and who flattered the working m'3n in order to giin their votes, anl afterwards their actions anl words were proved to hiv»3 bein she3r hypocrny ? Mei of honour who coudd meet on points of general pro- vincial concern and were desirjl by a majority of electors, were cast aside for crafty professional aspirants, party barges, wealthy white elephants, and dappled prohibitionists, the prohibition movement has exposed the Utter class in their true character. And as many hive proved false to their temperf),nce pro- fessions, so have others proved lalse to their pro- fessions of Nova Scotia's need. Party has bought IV. INTRODUCTION. I-: 4-- their assumed principlea and the public interest of this province has been a secondary consideration to private interest and party power. Nova Scotia has been called the " Little Mayflower Land," with charms always inviting whether dressed in the faint tints of spring, or robed in soft summer green, or clothed with imperial touches of Autumnal loveliness, or mantled in winter down. Crystal cas- cades adorn her apparel and silvered streams meander everywhere through the length and breadth of its folds. Field daisies, varied wild flowers and water lilies scattered in profusion heighten her summer grandeur, while beneath her ermined mantle the may- flower blushes into modest beauty. Sometimes invit- ing, refreshing, delightful currents of ether agreeably charged with arctic frost circle over and about her, and sometimes balmy breezes wing in from the gulf stream and gently play in every fold, while aerial waves from ocean, bay and gulf are ever restless in Imparting freshness and vigor. The wars of the elements seldom disturb her, generally exhausting their force 'vithout her borders. She is composed of nature's richest productions. Her veins sparkle with wealth and she is rich beyond comparison. Her features and form are varied and attractive. Millions are her admirers, and still they come repeating as they view her, " the half has never been told." And their eyes grow bright and their cheeks flush through her powerful magnetism as they become fascinated, spell bound, transported. Em- INTRODUCTION. V. bedded in a restless sea, the purest breezes of heaven play softly and soothingly everywhere over her. Though a gem of nature's rarest production, this little mine immortal adorned in all its loveliness by the master strokes of an unseen hand, has been jilted again and again by its professed lovers. Yet those who will prove faithful to it in the future will receive its benedictions, which will afford them infinitely more pleasure than the feigned adulations of parties or the satisfaction derived from high ofBcial positions. Thomas B. Smith. Windsor, N. S., Sept., 1900. LITTLE A\AYrLOWCR LAND. Nova Scotia, like England, is a gem net in a sea. Her rugged cliffs like bold sentinels, night and day check the onward rush of the mighty ocean, and frown at the approaching storm. The extent of her minerals is unknown, their wealth unspeakable, their quality almost unapproachable. Englishmen have not improperly called her, " The little Britain of the west." The atmosphere all about her has aptly been called " The Spirit of Health." In the words of an annual American tourist, whose pilgrimages are from Digby to Chester and on to Cape Breton, " Nova Scotia is a paradise bathed by a summer sea. In the winter she becomes as a bride of the ocean to prepare for her summer receptions. At her watering places, in her valleys, almost every- where one finds the outflow of supreme existence. The refreshing atmosphere, the cooling breezes lead the thoughts to hold converse with heaven through the attractive objects everywhere before the eye.' When in the " Little Mayflower Land" — " I feel my life so bright and gay, If summer stayed I'd always stay. And when like swallows home I turn, To come again desires burn. ' ' ii i! i i) i I I I i i i II ii 14 LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. The limits of Nova Scotia were not clearly adjusted until the year 1763, but were among the fertile sources of di.spute between France and England, In a treaty between these powers Feburary 10th, 1763, France ceded to England, Nova Scotia, Canada, Cape Breton, Florida and all the islands within the St. Lawrence. The limits of Nova Scotia then be- came better known. ■ The length of Nova Scolia is about 300 miles and its greatest width about 100. The north east part is little more than 30 miles wide. The province is 2,498 miles from Vulentia (the nearest part of Ire- land,) and thence to Liverpool, G. B., is 345 miles. Exclusive of Cape Breton, Nova Scotia contains 15,617 scjuare miles or about ten million acres. About one half of these acres was appropriated when Queen Victoria ascended the throne. Cape Breton's greatest length is 100 miles ; its widest part is 80 miles, and it contains an area of about two million acres. Cape Breton was annexed to Nova Scotia by Royal Charter on the 7th of October 1763, which was specially confirmed by the Colonial Legislature in 1766, or one hundred years before the Canadian Union. During the period of French dominion in Cape Breton, the fisheries employed upwards of six hundred vessels, and twenty-seven thousand seamen, yet the British made no material eflforts to colonize it until nearly a quarter of a century after its conquest. In the year 1784 (in the time of governor Parr) a separate constitution was granted to Cape Breton and ! 1 I [' LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. 15 it remained under the management of a Lieutenant- Governor, Council and Assembly, until 1820, a period of thirty-six years. In 1820 an act prepared by the Chief Justice passed the Legislature of Nova Scotia, re-annexing Cape Breton. In 1841 emigrants to the number of 2,000 settled in the island. " The island," writes McGregor at the time, " is capable of sustaining three hundred thousand souls. Let not the English nation lose sight of this." The dyke lands of Nova Scotia naturally add to its value and they have been estimated at six million dollars. Their acreage is said to number from 30.000 to 32,000 acres, these figures are not given as strictly correct. The descendants of some of the baronets of Nova Scotia, united with an association in London for advancing systematic emigration to the province. Between May, 1827, and July, 1833, 34,154 acres of crown land were sold. From 1832 to 1836 (both inclusive) there emigrated from the United Kingdom to the North American colonies, 185,006 or nearly 40,000 persons per year, quite a respectable number of those settled in Nova Scotia. It was said in England at the time (so prominently were these provinces brought to the notice of the English people) that Nova Scotia and New Brunswick being nearer to Great Britain than Canada present favourable fields for emigration. Raynal and Dupin, many years ago, ranked Halifax among the places ''■ii» 16 LITTLE MAYFLOWER LANO. remarkable for location, and McGregor wrote : " the province of Nova Scotia alone, if possessed by the United States would render that Republic independent of all Europe, and, in the event of another war, when steamships will bacome terrible to all others, the Americans would be enabled by possessing the exhaustless coal fields and iron mines of Nova Scotia and Cape Breton, to defy the united naval forces of all Europe on the shores of the western world." In a communication in 1838, from the general post office in London, Nova Scotia is described as " The koy to British North America," and the preamble to ono of the British Statutes eulogises the " Fisheries in North America as the best nurseries for able experienced seamen for the Royal Navy." The Clock- maker was prophetic in the following words: — "A trip to America is going to be nothin' more than a trip (o France. Do you Nova Scotians get your legislature to interet'ere, for steam navigation will be the making of you, if you work it right." If the governments of Canada had " worked it right" one of the best equipped and fastest fleet of steamships in the world would have been running between England and Halifax in 1900. The abovo quotations will perhaps be sufficient to show the important position Nova Scotia occupies. Many of a similar character are at hand. A long drawn out tedious chapter becomes as dry as an uninteresting talker. One you are always inclined to put away fiom you, the other makes you restless for a rest, i LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. 17 If a work can be made interestini; as well as proKtable, its readino; brings a pleasure similar to riding in a Dominion Atlantic Railway palace car or being lulled to rest in one of the company's majestic greyhounds racing through the water*^ of Fundy. A magnificent flett of ocean greyhounds crossing and re-crossinix from Britain to Halifax would in no long tin)c swell the annual passenger list of the B' ston and Yarmouth liners much beyond their present limit. And the Canada Pacific Railway Ot)n»pany will never have achieved its greatest success until a fleet of sleaiiiships equal in avery particular to tl e best crossing t'le ocean to New York are flying into Chebucto harbor from the shores of the mother land. But the puhlc men that took a deep interest forty and fifty years ago have departed hence, and seem to have left none behind them who consider their first duty is the welfare of their native province, and in making its renowned harbor an attraction from every sea. In nine cases out of every ten, public men now days consider that their first duty is to strive for place and power, then to squabble over insignificant watering places, leaving the magnificent harbour of Halifax and one of the best and safest in the world without scarcely a word of commendation or without preparing for an event though future, yet must be certain. Such public men, like the domestics of humbler establishments are quick sighted to detect any change 18 LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. r ! ■it! of condition that will accrue to their own interest, but are dull indeed to any change of condition that will accrue to their employers prosperity. Such is the reward these public men have given to their loyal supporters in Nova Scotia, and auch is the result of the most solemn promises they have given at every general election. They have coldly withstood the claims of the electors anl the entreaty of the press, yet they seem to enjoy the happiness of revisiting once every four > ears or so their fine native land, which they have woefully neglected, and which they ought to love the more, since they have had opportu- nities of comparing it with many other portions of the Great Dominion. During the past few years one can scarcely take up a newspaper, English or Canadian, but the words Great North West catch the eye. Its magnificent distances are outlined ; its great resources and bound- less prairies are painted in glowing terms. The rich home of the emigrant is pictured beyond measure. The land of golden grain to those public men who have gone through it appeared more wonderful to them than Solomon to the Queen of Sheba. In reading some of their descriptions one would imagine, they felt as though they had been sail- ing through a sea of gold. Many of the speeches of these public characters would lead one to suppose they had forgotten their own provinces or their positions. An ex-governor general or an ex-governor meet at the same board in England, one will tell the English I! LITTLE MAYFLOWEU LAND. 10 people of the " Wonderland of the West," the other will echo his praises. Occasionally they will soar into the Arctic regions, meander in thought through the Yukon, till the audience thirst for nuggets of gold, and imagine the region a perpetual spring. These speeches may be all right as far as they go, but when the district within the Artie Circle has secured its full share of eulogy, and the North West has been painted and touched again and again as a splendid field for the British emigrant, the uninformed would think no other part of the Dominion was, worthy of a passing notice. A gentleman who heard some of these speeches wrote that had he not known something of the whole Dominion he would have imagined after hearing those gentlemen's remarks, that Canada was but the capital of the Great North West. An ex-Governor at one of those English functions spoke as follows : He was proud to think that Canada had at length discovered the recognition of the Mother Country. Then drifting easily to the North West Territories he emptied his overflowing soul with a glowing descript- ion of this vast land. Turning to the Yukon he warned his audience against accepting the lurid pictures of the horrors of Klondyke as painted from life. Life might be hard in the Yukon, but it was not impossible. True it is within the Artie Circle, but a mission had lived in perfect health and fitness at the foot of Greenland's icy mountains and the sturdy 20 LllTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. tnulerHot* the Hudson Hay Company had pasHod thoir livoH in the far north. You hear a great deal of star- vation and privation of Khmdikc, well I always travel about with a specimen of the district to hand. As the ex-Governor bowed to his specimen, a gentleman who had spent the last ten years in tho Yukon, and who had only just returned to England, hoisted six feet of bronzed and vigorous manhood from his chair to bow his acknowledgement. This is an emaciated specimen for you, said the Ex, as tho table roared its applause at the Coup de Theatre. By next year the ex-Govcrnor thought he could prouuso his audience cocktails, " an emblem of civilization of which he himself knew nothing," but which he under- stood were sine-qufi to induce immigration from London-at-Sf. Michaels. Towards the close of his speech the ex-Governor dropping the easy, playful style which had fascinated hiw audience for half an hour, spoke with visible emotion, and said ; we are all Englishmen — sons of Great Britain and men of the Empire. " And if ever " — here his voice in his stirr- ing peroration rang out like a trumpet call — "if ever, which God forefend, the war clouds should gather round the Mother Country, if ever the tempest should break against the white cliffs of our native isles, then we Canadians will send not a hundred not a thousand, but tens of thousands of our sons to tight shoulder to shoulder with yours. No wonder after hearing such words prepared in patriotism of the highest grade and delivered at full LirrLE MAYFLOWEK LAND. 21 cock, English emigrants think we have no room for them, when we can send not only thousands, but tens of thousands to fight England's battles at home or abroad. At the same table sat an ex-Governor General, and he closed a few remarks by saying, the ex-Governor and others who amid all their eftbrts towards the development of the country never lost sight of the crimson thread of kinship which links our great empire. The eyes of the world had by the recent discoveries of goM been turned to the North West Territories or rather to a corner of it — the Yukon. He was glad of it, because in the North West Territ- ories there were other gold mines than those of the Yukon. They were to be found in the natural resources of a rich and unexplored country, and in the hearts of its loyal and sturdy people. The above is an example of scores of speeches being continually delivered at public and other functions in Great Britain. Many public men of Canada have been intoxicat- ed by the exhuberance of such words as well as by the shadow of royalty and breath of the peerage, while feasting at political clubs or public functions. During the Diamond Jubilee, there was a record breali no- of these great outflows, among colonial public men. These oratorical displays, like fire works attract the attention of the multitude and bring the wheat fields of Manitoba and of other portions of the West, ai'd the gold fields of the Yukon prominently and fervent- a.i 'rwkw n 22 LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. ly before Europeans. This class of talk is all right for a portion of Canada bu'w the vision of a great empire, with its ten thousand public positions and its round of titles, should no more animate and inspire Canadian statesman to praise of the " Wonder Land of the West," than to sing inviting songs of Nova Scotia and the other Maritime Provinces of the east. Nova Scotia though a speck on the map compared to the great North West, is nearer the European markets than any portion of Canada as we all know, but thousands of Englishmen are not aware of this, and millions of Europeans have heard of the Yukon and North West, who have never seen nor heard a word about Nova Scotia, or the other provinces by the sea. A few years ago by invitation a letter was written to the then Canadian High Commissioner at London on the subject " Nova Scotia as a Field for Intending Emigrants." This letter was published in pamphlet form with several others on the same subject and circulated throughout Great Britain and Ireland. Letters were forwarded from parties who had read these letters in England to some of the writers seek- ing fuller information by asking in reply answers to many questions. One of the questions was. " Is there any danger of the Yankees invading Nova Scotia V Another was *' Are there any Presbyterian or Methodist churches and Sunday schools, any railways and telegraphs ?" LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. 23 i^nother, "Are there any bishops and an English church in the province." Another, " Are there many Indians, and would there bo any danger of them interfering with children on their way to school V Another wished to know, " How far Nova Scotia was from where Riel had the rebellion ?" Another in- quired if there were any bays or harbors suitable for yachting, if there were much coast waters or whether the province was land locked ? Another was anxious to know if buffalo and deer were plentiful ? Another asked, if half breed women were not beautiful and graceful in their figures and lovely in face and if gentlemen did not sometimes marry them ? The above are a few questions sjlected from many similar ones, )Some of these questions were asked by men of education, as their penmanship is good and English excellent. No sensible Nova Scotian for a moment wishes to see the rush of good emigrants to the North West arrested, but with proper efforts and proper interest on the part of public mm and especially public nitn who are Nova Scolians, a portion of the rush might be diverted to the Maritime Provinces. If we love our province, as we ought to love it, we will see first of all that its interests are our interests before any other portion of Canada. And if we are constant and indefatigable in its behalf we must secure for it a grand triumph through measures of profound and elevated policy. Ability, integrity and judgment in dealing with a Canadian immigration policy would be much better ill M 41^ < I < i I I 1 ;ii .1 ill 24 LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. for Nova Scotia and the other maritime provinces, than a thousand ministerial visits to England. The maritime provinces are craving population. They cannot keep their own, and not an eifort is put forward to bring in others, or to induce those natives earning their bread under a foreign flag to return. Nova Scotians were told over thirty years ago to wait a little and the Union would make their province an England in America. This prophecy not materializing they were told twenty yeai's since, that the national policy, if they would but just wait a little longer would cause a revolution in trade and in immigration and there would be great rejoicing in the east. Now they are told to be easy for a short season as a preferential tariff is to be their crown of glory, a one-armed, or a two-armed preference. Sir Charles Dilke and Sir Walter Besant tell us that there are in the United States of America, three times as many natives of the United Kingdom, as there are in all the British colonies put together. There is as varied climate in the British colonies round the world as there is in the United States of America. There is as much rich land in these colonies as there is in the United States, and more. There are as good mining prospects in these colonies as in the United States. There is as much liberty beneath the Union Jack as there is beneath the Stars and Stripes. Then what can be the matter ? There must be something wrong when we consider the comparatively LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. 25 small number of British subjects settling in the colonies to that settling in the United States. The answer is this: the United States hive agents everywhere seeking emigrants, and abova all, they prefer British emigrants to any other. No section or state, or territory of the Great Republic has been neglected or overlooked. Every effort and every in- ducement have been put forward to bring British immigrants and British capital into every state in the Union. Nova Scotia is a province no less jealous of its rights than any other province of Canada, no less warm in its attachment to Great Britain, but it seems to be almost entirely forgotten by those Nova Scotians who in thought are away from home wandering over vast prairies, sweeping the Arctic Circle, and bewildered with an ocean of grain till they become lost in the immensity of the Great Dominion. Others wander from Colony to Colony and from Colony to England, ever restless and bewitched as they gaze through their political telescopes watching fur the enlarging circle of universal Empire. A small land becomes more and more unattractive and these men's hearts become hardened at small things. After all the accusation " hardness of heart " may be too strong. This accusation perhaps is without founda- tion and it is just possible what has been called hard ness of heart is only intoxication of spirit. Nova . Scotia will only secure proper notice, when all her people wisely and firmly demand it. This province F"!^ 26 LITTLK M.VYFLOWER LAND. which has met the cjiiuescending attention of public men at intervals of four or five years for the past quarter of a century and has been as often deceived, is beginning to see where she is drifting and what are the remedies. Men and niinisters who were the most intense in denouncing the union, and who continued for years in earnest pleading that Nova Scotia might be delivered out of Confederation, have proved false to this province. Who has not seen these men and ministers, after they had entered upon more extensive (ields of action than their own province could possibly give them, forget all about the land that give them birth ? Some of us have heard them and others have read of them when their joy seemed to be full as they spoke with voices tuned in singular sweetness, appealing with almost irresistible effect to the highest feelings of British statesmen, and the British people, and pleading with patriotic earnestness for recognition as nation builders, and impressing with all their power upon Prince and Peer whom they may have considered more than " red clay and a breath," that their hearts were tuned to play " England and her Colonies forever." l-^ey had forgotten they were Nova Scotians, so elated were they in being recognized by potentates as Canadians. The " little Mayflower land," the " little mine immortal," was forgotten as a dreatn. It was but a diminutive province of Canada, a mere child buckled to the skirt of the great " Lady of the Snow." LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. 27 public J past jeived, lat are e most tinned , might d false s, after action ) them, ;e read IS they eetness, to the British less for ith all jy may »reath," tnd and lians, so Itates as «' little It was Ire child of the If one of the effects of confederation has been the depopulating of the agricultural districcs of Nova Scotia, and has placed the farming classes in untold difficulties, then as Canadian citizens the inhabitants of this province have great reason to appeal to the Canadian government and demand with no uncertain voice a policy that will relieve and elevate them. The Dominion jjfovernment can do much for Nova Scotia, if it will only go about its work in a thought- ful and practical manner. There are scattered all over the province hundreds, it may be thousands, of deserted farms, and some of those are in the finest agricultural districts of Nova Scotia. Many of these farms are awaiting purchasers. They are yearly becoming less valuable. In some localities the forest is threatening to creep over them. They are rosourceless without life and the plough. Those who once occupied them are in the United States or Canadian N^orth West. Some of the farms are in the hands of capitalists who have taken them to satisfy the clairias they had upon ^-hem. If the government of Canada would spend as an experiment, which should prove nothing but a success, one million dollars in bnying up say five or six hundred of these desertcl farms, and offer induce- ments in some respects similar to those offered immi- grants in the North West, a respectable and useful class of British agriculturists would have induce- ments offered them to come and settle among us. Many such farms could be procured in the best vj i ;i !i !l f! 1, li'i; '■ 1,1 : :i!^ li 1 I -ft 28 LtTTt.K Mayflower land. districts of the provinces and within easy touch of railways. The government is able to borrow money from two and one half to three per cent. The settlers could be jjiven on certain conditions ten or twenty years to pay the amount of purchase back to the government. This system if carried out for a few years, would in all probability keep our young farmers from going to the North West where they are enabled to procure land on much easier conditions than in Nova Scotia, and those who have gone to the United States, where they have procured varied employment, might be induced to return. Some of the efforts of government in settling the North West should at once be turned toward Nova Scotia. There will always be plenty of Europeans who will go to the North West who would never settle in the Maritime Provinces. Manitoba and the West will continually be receiving men whose past lives in their native land, if generally known, would be highly interesting. Some indiscretion or sudden reverse in circumstances, or some political action or attitude, may result in their emigration to the Far West where their past will remain as a sealed book not to be read by theii new associates. These men get as far away into new countries as possible and their name in Europe is legion. Many of these are persons of high social standing, with brilliant intellectual attainments and with more or less distin- guished careers. There are other classes who always prefer a new country who will continually go west. LITTLE AlAVFI.cnVKU LAND. 29 go It is not so easy to procure immigrants for the older province, hence extra efforts should be made in its behalf by the general government. If half a million dollars had been expended accord- ing to the plan suggested in the Annapolis Valley ten years ago, there, in all probability wonld have been fifteen or twrenty thousand more persons in that beautiful district of Nova Scotia at this hour. That lovely piece of country has been for ten years steadily increasing in enterprise and wealth while its popu- lation has been a stagnant, if not a decreasing one. For many of the young men have left the district and not an effort has been made to induce them to return or to bring new blood from without. If encourage- ment is needed in the richest agricultural district of the province, it can easily be understood what is required in the less inviting localities. Why is it necessary that wise and energetic measures should at once be adopted to bring good British settlers into Nova Scotia and to induce some of the tens of thousands of our own natives who are building up the United States to return to the support of their loved and deserted localities ? Because new countries coming under Anglo-Saxon rule will be fresh fields demanding the attention of British as well as other E iropean emigrants. The close of the nineteenth century finds America, like England, girdling the globe with its power. The past year has caused the world to stand in awe at the advance of Anglo-Saxon power. It looks as though 80 LITTLK MAYFLOWKH [.AND. the time had arrived in the world's hislorv when decayinf; and barbarous nations and peoples were to make room for enlightened government. In South Africa just now there is an immense attraction, more than ever since it came under civilizing influences, and the part Great Britain will play in wholly redeeming it, is naturally an inter- esting matter to all the Queen's subjects as well as to Americans, and the European nations. The foun- dations of a great British dominion in Africa are being laid that may some day eclipse the Dominion of Canada. South Africa as she continues to grow will attract British emigrants. The time is approach- ing when Britain will not be able to keep up the demand of whole continents on her population. Other European nations of course will assist in supplying the demand as they have been doing in North America for over one hundred years. The new nations will bear the Anglo-Saxon character, just PS America and Canada must bear that character. It will chiefly be the work of this race, that will build them up in power, influence and endurance. These colonists as they progress toward national influence will improve in colonization. The Amer- icans of nineteen hundred are improved colonizers to those of one hundred yenvs ago, and their descendants in those colonies now being occupied will be much better adapted to extend governmental influence than the present generation. I,ITTI,E MAYI'I.OWKIJ LAND. in To more fully explain what lias just been stated, a Mhort sketch of the political development of the Canadian North West will be here ^iven. •• * The N. W. Territories came into the possession of Canada in the year 1870, These were uninhabited except by Indians and trappers. There were no wheat fields nor railroads. The . whole extent was little more than a wilderness. It was properly called the " Great Lone Lmd." For ten years or so this vast district was left under the nominal adtnin- istration of Manitoba. All this time Manitobi was being settled by leaps and bounds and Winnipeg was rapidly rising as Queen of the Prairies. At the close of the ten years the Canada Pacific railway was being stretched over the great plain. In IHHO the North West was given an independent government, consisting of a governor and council nominated by the govern- ment at Ottawa. The first step toward regular organization was taken in the year 1882, when the North West was divided into four administrative districts, namely that of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Assiniboin and Athabasca. In 188G an advance toward self government was made in the establish- Hient of a council that was partly nominated and partly elected, and in the saim; year a judicial system was introduced. The position at that time was that of a Crown colony, or the same kind of governtnent as England has in her Crown Colonies. Two years later an advanced step was again taken, when a Legislative Assembly was created with WW PIMM i ■ \ 32 LITTLE MAYl'LOVVKU LAND. il r i f ! h8 strictly limited powers, however. This inado an advance from a n)ere Crown colony to a colony with representative iimtitutionH. The next sta^^e was reached in 1891, when an amendment of the act gave to the Assembly greatly enlarged powers, especially in matters of finance. The power of the governor to make order.s in council for the government ot the Territories was transferred to the Assembly, and among the subjects with which it was permitted to deal, were included direct taxation for purposes of revenue, and the estab- lishment and payment of territorial officials. In 1894 a further amendment abolished the advisory council nominated by the assembly, which was a near imitation of a responsible ministry. In the year follow- ing the administrative districts of Yukon, MacKenzie Franklin and Uncrava were formed. Then came in the Act of June, 1897, the further advance to responsible government in the abolition of the executive committee, and the substitution of a cabinet responsible to the assembly. So it will be seen that in the ppaceof ten or twelve years an immense territor}' passed through the stages from an almost unhabitated country to a Crown colony, from a Crown colony to representative insti- tutions and from representative institutions to responsible self government. These are changes through which every self governing colony of England has had to pass in its day, but in the North West Territories there is an interesting differ- LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. 33 ence with all. Those clianges, rapid as they were, were not accomplished under the direct supervision of the British government, hnt under the power and watchful care of the government of Canada. Never before in the history of colonization in any portion of the British einpire or of the world has so vast a territory in so short a time been brought through stage after stage to responsible government as has the " Wonder Land of tlie West." It is in the highest degree improbable that this vast territory comprisid within the limits of the sight districts named above, one of which contains the newly discovered gold tields of the Klondyke can long remain por?nanently under the government of the North Wist Territories. As those districts grow and become powerful, the system which has brought responsible government into the Territories will have to be applied in turn to the newer districts. Nothing can stop the onward march of liberty. The British colonial system is simple in its operations and Canada has more than proved herself the equal of England in rapidly extending and perfecting government among colonists. The advance in the North West is greater than was made in any of the old Canadian colonies from their first organization for three quarters of a century. The above will show how rapidly all the benefits of self government may be expected to go forward in all the lands now in possession and coming into possession of Anglo' Saxon peoples. Of course it will require men of •I mm u LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. Anglo-Saxon blood and clmractpr to lead in the beneficent niovoinents. And Groat Hritain and the United States will Ite ealUvl upon to supply those men. From the facts just stated, it will he seen, that in all prohahility an iiniimnse demand will ho made on Oreat liritain in Africa and in other lanayon All the nations and peoples must in time become enamoured of those principles of justice, liberty and equality, which form the true creed of the Anglo- Saxon race. The principles of this race have proved their vahio over and over again in the elevation of humanity and will never become obsolete or inap- plicable or C3ase to be living and efficient so long as the revolving years an 1 changing times continue. Every victory over ignorance, injustice and oppression, in which reason has acquired the ascendency will be a pleasing sight accepted with enthusiasm and applause, and the happiness of the nations will continue to bear fresh testimony to the wisdom of the counsels and excellence of the statesmanship continuously displayed by the Anglo-Saxon peoples. Writing of the future is like telling the traveller to enjoy as best he can the ncenery about him, but at the same time encouraging him with the hope of finding far higher mountains and wider landscape beyond. Faith in the future, founded on faith in God, is the watchword of these forward people. A faith as strong and far more intelligent than that described in the " Arctic Indians' Faith," by the late Hon. Thomas D'Arcy McGee. ' " We worship the spirit that walks unseen Through our land of ice and snow ; We know not His face, we know not His place But His presence and power we know. Does the buffalo need the pale faced word To find his pathway far ? m lli 40 LITTLE MAYFLOWER Ly^ND. ■ •■''■ What guide has he to the hidden ford, Or where the green pastures are ? Who teacheth the moose that the hunter's gun Ls peering out of the shade ? Who teacheth the doe and the fawn to run ' * In the track the moose has made ? Ilim do we follow, Him do we fear, The spirit of earth and sky ; " 'lo hears with the wapitis' eager ear His poor red children cry ; Whose 'vV^hisper we note in every hreeze That stirs the birch canoe ; Who hangs the reindeer-moss on the trees For the food of the caribou. The spirit we worship, who walks unseen Through our land of ice and snow ; We know not His face, we know not His place But His presence and power we know. True faith brings true courage in every work of the world, and lends a glory and splendour to national life, lifts it up, ennobles it, and crowns it with light. A nation which stands up boldly aorainst its antag- onist in any conflict, physical or moral and uses fair blows and honest argument, and faces the issues full of faith in being right, is a nation to respect even across the chasm of strife. The nation whose spirit tirst of all is the outgrowth of a mighty faith in God, often has to march under the unfurled battle flag, but the ultimate end is peace. When the glorious truths of the Bible have become household words among a people, filling their minds and swaying their conscience, they must LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. 41 increase in power and influence. Sucli people can never bear tlie crushinf^ weight of tyranny. Amonj^ their greatest traits of character is their love of liberty and fair pla^. These things have developed among them the spirit of heroic endeavour not in war alone, but in peace also. This faith shouhJ show itself in work at once ; no political creed, no party should for one moment be allowed to stand in ihe way of Nova Scotia's future. It is useless to sigh over the past, and stumble at the present. There is a way to save the land of our nativity from retrogression. Faith in ()urselve9> faith in the resources of the province, faith in God who guides his faithful subjects aright must conquer. United political action for Nova Scotia first, firm in resolve, tenacious in principle, facing sternly the gross injustice and neglect under which we have so long and patiently endured, paying no attention to fulsome promises, let us strike and strike as one throuoh our privilege of the ballot box for our rights and the heritage of our children. Our province should be dearer to us than any party. TSe happi- ness and future of our children should be nearer our hearts than grit or tory principles, and Nova Scotia should bo first of all, dearer than any other spot of British territory to us all. Nova Scotia should be our watchword first, last and forever. Let us unitedly show that faith which " laughs at impossi- bilities and cries, it shall bj done." i% r; ■ Mi 42 LITTLE MAYFLOWER LAND. Deeds are wliat the electors of Nova Scotia liave a right to demand from those who govern them. A strict adherence to principle and promise is what makes the career of a public man bright and beautiful. And the people of this province will ever bear in mind the constancy and courage of such public servants and v/ill strive to render themselves worthy of deeds and acts which bring real honor and renown to those who legislate and those who govern. ! I i I i ] \^y!l ~'>^sj^^^^:^^^ LOVl: AND SOI^POW. Five summers ago ii. a rural district of Nova Scotia and not one hundred miles from the historic town of Windsor, there was a little n^oicinir one h'ne afternoon under two old drooping willows standing not far from the main highway. The third son of a family, after several years absence, had returned to the old homestead. He was about fifty years of age. Five other l-others as they grew to manhood had followed {heir brother and had cast their lot beneath the stars and stripes. The old man and old woman at last left alone for years with on only daughter, were verging on ninety years of life. That afternoon, to those old people, the sunshine seemed more brilliant and the little field flowers all the sweeter, because of their boy's return. All about the old barn the swallows were building their nests, as they did when Harry was a child. The barn, like the old folks, was tottering with age. No new buildings for a quarter of a century had risen in the pine grown valley. Every inch of the rugged main highway looked unchanged. The clear, fresh green field in front of the old home, so beautiful T 44 LOVE AND SORROW, and attractive when Harry was a boy, was partially covered with young spruce. The snake fences seemed to stretch about the farm in pieces and in misery, and all ready to tumble at the first commotion of the elements. Everything about looked dreary, desolate and uninviting. The merry chatter went on among those assembled at the welcome home. Harry sat upon an old bench at the left of the front door. He had made this bench when a lad. The old folks sat side and side next him. Harry yearned to say a word, but did not wish to interrupt the pleasure of his parents as they listened to the merry chatter aud enjoyed the sportive manner of the assembled ones. At last he could keep quiet no longer ; he said, " Dear mother, it makes my heart grow very sad, to see the resorts of my childhood days so deserted and lonely. I was so much in love with this old farm, this valley, those hills and the clear running brook, and you and father were so kind to me, I felt I could never go away. I thought those Nova Scotian skies the loveliest that ever looked down upon child- hood. Many a time as I lay upon the ground in the cool summer evenings, dressed in the blue grey suit woven by mother's loving hands, and watched the moon and stars, and mused about bow liappy I should be when a man and living over the brook, where father said I should live, I felt that I must always stay. I built air castles that rose beautifully and majestically from out my future. I grew up to be a true Nova Scotian, loyal to my native land loving it LOVE AND SORROW. 45 as I love you, and was always so proud, when you told me what a splendid race of men and women my ancestors were, and how my grandfather had served England in the old 84th Highland regiment, and how sad I used to be when yon took my young hand in yours and led me to the spot where his remains mingle with my native soil." For a moment the son faltered in his words, his face grew verv tender and dreamy and his tears fell upon his mother's hand. His sister noticing his heart anouish, tripped over from the chattering, playful group now assembled beneath the drooping willows. They walked towards the old barn and thence to the rippling brook. As they walked arm in arm the swallows twittered above their heads and the blue birds flew in and out of the tw'.sted, drooped and decaying out buildings. His sister gave one quick glance at her brother's ashen face as they neared the quaint old wicket at the corner of the rheumatic looking barn. " Harry," she said, " you look so sad." With misty eyes, he replied, " Mary, say nothing, let us go to the stream where we can better view the old house, our old home, where we were all born, which even if dilapidated by time seems beautiful to me with its moss covered rooi and tottering frame. I want to stay only with you and the old folks; the crowd under the budding willows know not the sadness lurking within my breast. All about here for miles around looks out of repair and decaying. Our home, our old, old home is desolate and lonely beyond r j^m 46 LOVE AND SORROW. li: comparison, and wli;it I see here, I have seen for miles about since my home coming. Mow sad it is, that such a once beautiful settlement should be drifting bick to the stillness of the forest. My wife when a girl lived up there on the hill side and I used to call to her throujjh the mist as it seemed to climb the hills in the risintj sun. John's wife was born a few miles to the west and Tim's half a mile beyond. J^ill came home ten years since and married Attata De Long at the extreme end of the valley and Sam took away old deacon Meghill's daughter Mag as his companion for life when here visiting tM'o years ago. Together we have twenty-four children and ourselves and wives make thirty-four. We all live in comfort in different districts of the New England States. We should all be here, but what are the prospects, dear May ? Are they not told in tlie tottering barn and in dear old mothei*'s and father's faces and in your's too, so sad and lonely. What we see here can be seen in a hundred districts of my dear old Nova Scotia. If all the sons and daughters of this loved and beautiful province with their offspring could return from Massachusetts with hope, a pilgrimage of one hundred and fifty thousand souls would soon be wending its way into many such pleasant vales as this has been, to repeople the deserted districts from end to end of Nova Scotia." " Alas ! alas ! Harry," replied Mary, " as soon aa father and mother follow their ancestors, which can- not be long, I, too, shall go to join my brethren in a LOVE AND ROUROW. 47 foreign land. But my heart would break to leave father and mother in their old age and alone. There is none left about here to marry nie, and I see no prospect before me. True, the farm is here, but father has mortgaged it to allow us to live here ; but after living, there has been nothing lelt to keep it in repair, as it was kept when you were a boy, Harry. When the dear old folks depart and their dust mingles near their home here, T, too, shall go with you, though sad that thought be, Harry. I love the old place and always hoped to remain here. My love, dear brother, for my native land amounts to a passion. Father has so often said during late years, 'our rulers have not been just to the province.' " " And what to them seemed ricjht, has been to us but woe." "If they think they have been right, then, Harry they are not suitable persons to legislate for my dear country." " The madness of political parties has long been the sorrow of this valley, this county and this province. Our fathers have been too loyal to party and too forgetful of their native land, and we suffer." • Then after Mary had finished, she wept bitterly. The next spring her father died. Mary and her mother were alone. Two married sisters, the oldest of the family, lived five miles up the valley. Harry and three other sons returned, to be with their parent in his flickering hours. A few days after their home 48 i.OVE AND SORUOW. n 4\ ■r'i. coinint; the old life was extingiiialicd and the father was forever laid to rest. The cvenin', nook and corner of this province. And sadness and sorrow hang about these facts as they are related around the kitchen fires of a thousand country houiGS. The old folks lie side and side in the lonely country cemetery, the wind '.vhis^. ns above them and a few rods away the soft waters flow on the hill side. All I.OVE AND SORROW. 51 the,> de,,ee,Klants, fifty in number, are .eattored over eft ifr. Ma.ssachnsett.., not one of the name s ien in the pine valley. What Nov.i Seotian ,s there who .loes not mourn over - -fortune so continued to In's native land" The tramp eont.nue.s and the steps increase as thousand of yc-ung n,en and n.aidens go out from ,>ur sire „ the d fok "^ "."f '""'''' ''"' "- «ea Jde. Sene „1 g|, on, and constraint overshades many of the fertde portions of the province we h,ve «o well >X <*i^* A TEW or- THE ATTRACTIONS OF THE MAVrLOWEP LAND. A GENTLEMAN oiice resolved to build a church. He selected the top of a hill for the site. Whereupon a friend of his remarked : " Some churches have been built from devotion, others from parade and vanity ; I believe this i'< the first chnrch which has been built for a prospect." All churches should be built with the expectation or prospect of future good. And the more picturesque the view surrounding places of worship, the greater mast be the delight that fills the recesses of the hearts of the worshippers. All positions which afford a fine view elevate mind and soul. A ride down the Midland railway from pretty Shu- benacadie to lovely Windsor, and thence on through the garden of Nova Scotia to beautiful Digby, would in many minds produce a vision of eternal prospect. The progress of railways and other modes of travel and communication is the progress of the church. The more we are privileged to view the handiwork of the Creator the stronger we become impressed with his greatness and goodness. Mountains and ocean- cliffs tell us of the majesty of God ; the valleys, lakes and streams, of His love. ATTUACTIONS OF THE MA YFLOWKll LAND. 53 All creation speaks of His wisdom. Could we personify the railway, it would be called the greatest philanthropist of modern times, the developer of provn'nces and continents, the tireless co-worker of all workers, the universal contributor to the comfort and education of the human faniily, and one of the greatest benefactors known to man. The church itself is a stationary object, through which we are receiving instruction and blessing in our progress toward a better country ; but a railway carriage takes us quickly and often, to view the most grand and sublime objects of earth and valleys and hills, clothed with more beauty than was ever Solomon in all his glory, where the mind can be exercised with- out fatiguing the understanding, and the thoughts led to converse with heaven through the most beautiful and sweet objects of er liailvvay, steamship arnl other quick and comparciuveiv inc xpensive mca s >£ communication, together with th, progress of science, are ways by which God widens oui views and leads us out of self and sect toward the broad ocean o' H^s Universal Church. The rapid extension of railways in the North West has practically annihilated space in the Domin' >n and brought the prairies of the Wonderlaml u close competition with Ontario and the Maritinn provinces and also with the United States and the farmers of the United Kingdom and of the continent of Europe. The extension of railways is practically useless in any country, unless the growth of population keeps \T^ 54 ATTllACTIONS OF TIIK MAYFLOWER LAND. pace witli the pro<^r as of railways. En^^and and America would havo accomplislied notliin<^.. if their population had ncv^r incieased. A country is no gc>od without people and sufficient people to make it a prosperous country and an attractive one. As our ancestors settled and advanced Nova Scutia, their native talent supplied the external deficiencies of the accomplished instruction of hij^^h-hred En.he 1 the work of our fathers. It was prin- cipally those men from the yeoman class of England and their descendants which have made the United States one of tlie greatest nations of the world. And what has been accomplished by some of tlie most prosperous states of the American union in the last one-third of a century might have been approached in Nova Scotia in the same time if England had not refused to allow Nova Scotia to arrange her own commercial or trade relations with the great Republic. In one-lhirti of a century previous to Nova Scotia's union with Canada her population increased one hundred and twenty per cent. In her one-third of a century of union, it is doubtful if it has increased forty per cent. The next ee-isus will soon inform us as to the truth of the latter remark. ATTH ACTIONS ( H" rilK MAVI'I.OWER l.AXD. 55 The Annapolis Valley is capable of ^reat thin especially in the production of all kinds of the tinest apples in the world. Most all other temperate z^ne fruits "row there in ahundan "e. As jjfreat thiriors as the people of that most beautiful section of Nova Scotia have accomplished in the past decade, there can be no doubt but very much <^reiter pronjress could be ipliahed in the next te ith acconi] annual increasing population, in tne lovely stretcD of one hundred miles half a million p^^raons couid easily live in comfort, so rich is the soil and so pure the atinosnhero. After the lapse of a generation, it is hoped, that it will be seen, that a spirit as high and determined as that manifested by Howe in his primo will be infused into the conduct of the political affairs of this province. And we hope before the lapse of another generation the Annapolis Valley with its verdant delh-^ uiny be well tilled with pictures(jue cottagos and the hum of industry around one hundred thousand homes, deeply stir the heart oF the; tourist. And what we hope for the Annap jHs Valley we hope for the charming Kennetcook and the for ile and picture:>(jue shore lines of Hants and the many rich and lovely localities in eveiy portion of the pr<)vi!ice. Largely through goveramont influence the rich lands and irolden iMain of Manitoba and the N^rth West invite inunigration thither. Everv et'ort is used and every inducement offered to attract, it may be unintentionally, Nova Scotians, with other immi- grants to the West. 5G ATTRACTIONS OF THE MAVFI.OWEU LAND. But weak efforts and no inducements have been offered by the gjoverninents to fill the continuous gaps made by the wholesale etnigration of Nova Scotians to the Unitti-i States. The wonderful results in fruit growing in the Annapolis Valley have been brought about by a non-increasing population, if not a decreasing one. Blooding sometimes restores health, but new and good blood is neceseary to increase vitality and strength. The efforts of a non-increasing population cannot produce results beyond certain limits. This magnificent valley, this Edenic garden of Canada, should be of as much interest to the government as the fairest and most fertile portions of Manitoba or the North West. The idea tuat Ontario, Manitoba, the North West, British Columbia and the Yukon contain tlie much greater part of the wealth and beauty of Canada, is as mistaken a one as would be the opinion that the great west of the United States contained most of the great natural resources of that country and Pennsylvania and Virginia nine. Nova Scotia, according to area, is richer in natural resources and in beauty than any other portion of North America; but being small and comparatively old, is taken small notice of by our public men and the British press. It should be remembered that England itself is not so very much larger than Nova Scotia and has not many districts over its fair face that are the equal of the Annapolis Valley in fertility and beauty. ATTRACTIONft OF Tttt MAYFLOWER LAND. 57 Anf3 it is possible that if all the mineral wealth of England could h. turned out and assortehing argument that measures effective and strong should have been adopted to check the outward rush and also to induce others to come in. The Autumn months of Nova Scotia are unequalled in Canada, the United States, England or the world. From May to November no cliuiate of the globe can surpass that all round the coast oE the province or in B' 68 ATTRACTIONS OF THK MAYFLOWEU LAND. Mil f • the interior, which nowlicre is but a few miles from tlie ocean. ; v^ The Dominion Athmtic Railway Company, by their excellent management, splendid road and its perfect equipment have established a reputation unsurpassed by any company in Canada. By these means the Company has contrived to accjuire and maintain the reputation which is now universal. The officials consider their passenger.-*. They do this wiUi intelh'oenco and with simple tegard to the greatest Ccnnfort of the grt'ate^t number and to the utmost satisfaction of the few. To the pa'atial Steamships of the company and the attractive railway in connection, American tourists during the Summer season turn their steps : And strike abroad through sun-struck wave. And walk where cooling breezes bathe. The tourist comes seekino; nothint; artificial but hunts out the far-lamed locaHtics spread completely around the Nova Scotia coast, These beautiful, invigorating^ and refreshing spots are now the attract- ion of all classes of Americans. It is said that the Prince of Agra on a sultry day enters^ with his suit a river palace, which is at once unmoored, and floats gently un the bosom of the Jumna, at the will of the tide, catching every breeze that blows. The coolinn: ijalleries of China are said to be delightful. These hang su-pended over :.ivers, and lakes, and are sumptuously furnished, and they contain every cooling beverage in the greatest profusion. ATTRACTIONS OF TIIE MAYFLOWKU LAND. 5i) In India the well-to-do Enolihnien and natives fly from the Hultry plains at the fir.>t blast of the heat, and take refuse in the hill.s, where the cool breezes blowing from snow-capped mountains drive away all thoughts of heat. And on the Per^ian lakes gilded and glass walled palaces float gracefully on the blue waters. When the heat ceases to be comfortable tbeir happy own- era enter them, and they are drawn down by heavy weights into transparent depths, with an ample supply of air from above and luxurious surroundings within, the Persian millionaire can enjoy one hundred degrees in the shade. Tourists ome to Nova Scotia seeking no artificial means like the above to better their condition. They are sure of a generous welcome, and they find none of those miserable distinctions of Blue Nose and Yankee, but they And. Beauty and the i)eautiful And love and all that's loving. A lad}' of culture and retinement who had never visited Nova Scotia until the summer season of 1899, spent three months rambling over the province. On her return home she wrote to ft prominent Nova Scotian who had given her much information about the province, and said, " I had long desired to visit Nova Scotia, the country of which you are a sincere friend and to which you are so strongly attached, but never till last summer could I find opportunity to satisfy my wish. I now esteem myself fortunate to ill m ATTI? ACTIONS OF THE MAVFLOWER LANt). 1 have embraced tliat oppoitui.iLy. Very many of the watering places ',40 beautiful, all are invigorating and interesting, some are grand. I love them all and long to see them again. Bedford Basin, the western and eastern shores of Halifax harbor, and Minas Basin are lovely resorts. Tlie Gaspireau and Annapolis Valley are truly a wonderland. The views from Blomidon an