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Un das symbolas sulvants apparaltra sur la darnMra imaga da chaqua microficha, salon la cas: la symbols — ► signifie "A SUIVRE ", la aymbola V signifia "FIN ". U Las cartas, planchas, tablaaux. ate. pauvant Atra fiimte A das taux da reduction diffirants. Lorsqua la documant ast trop grand pour Atra raproduit an un saul cllchi. ii ast film* A partir da I'angia supiriaur gaucha, da gauche i droita, at da haut an bas. an pranant la nombra d'imagas nicassaira. Las diagrammas sulvants lllustrant la mithoda. 2 3 5 6 MIOOCOPV RBOUITION TBT CHART (ANSI and ISO TEST CHART No. 2) /APPLIED IIVHGE In 1ES3 East Moin StrMt Rochester. New York 1*609 US* (716) 'S2 - 0300 - Phone (716) 288 -5969 -Fox Mountaineering :^^=r- /« ti^ Canadian Rockies A Stiff Climb tn the Selkirks. wui Hirds to Mountain Climbers Issued by the Canadian Pacific Railway Co, April, iqoa. Att\ Mountaineering in t 1HE Canadian Rockies afford a virgin field for the mountaineer. From the international l)oundary there stretches northward a treble line of peaks, many of them reaching altitudes of at least 10,000 feet, and a few reachmg 15,000. But, as all climbers know, it is not the mere altitude of a peak which contitutes its chief charm. The Matterhorn, so Ions the envy of all mountain cli nbers, is not by any means the most lofty of the Alps. There are other Swiss Guides in Canadian Rockies things which go to make up a first-class peak in addition to mere height, and in all features which add to the attractions of moun- taineering the Canadian Rockies take precedence over European mountains. ' British Columbia, in many respects, is an improvement upon Switzerland. The romantic beauty of Banff, in the Canadian National Park; Field, at the gateway of the newly discovered Yoho Valley; the Lakes in the Clouds, and the Great Glacier of the Selkirks, is not equalled by many of the fashionable Swiss resorts, and, go where one will, the verdict must be that the little mountain in the Canadian Rockies e other hotels uilt and operated by the Canadian Pacific Railway Company form perfect bases from which explorations can be made. There are many ascents to be made direct from the doors of these hotels without having to travel long distances, as in other mountainous countries, before the actual climb commences, and in all directions for miles around are noble peaks whose summits have not yet been attempted. In reaching them great silent forested valleys, which hold many species of game, are traversed, and the mountain streams and lakes afford fishing difficult to surpass. The mountain air is purity itself; the very sunlight brighter than in lower and more humid regions, a fact weli known to mountaineers, as it has been shown that the heavens are of a more intense blue when seen from a high elevation than they ever are at sea level. The long days of summer with their lingering gloamings would alone make a fitting reward for the journey, and to these are added the delights of moun- tain climbing, opportunities for glorious sport, unlimited riding, and the free, unconventional life of the camp. There will he room in this enchanted land for the ambitious for many a year to come. Edward VVhymper. the conqueror of the Matterhorn, after spending a season in the Rockies and Selkirks, says: "If all the mountain climbers in the world to-day were to make a combined attempt to explore the Canadian Rockies their task would ^^ ^^^1^:1 nfm,i,. tf^'if^'^^^^ H.ANl'F lloTKI.. IN THE CANADIAN KiK KIKS I.AKK t.oUISK-I.AKKS IN THK Cl.OfI not be completed within a century. * * ♦ The Canadian Rockies, and, I may add, the Selkirks as well, differ largely from the Swiss Alps, in that they are more uniform in height. There are not so many dominating peaks as in the Alps, which rise to much greater altitudes than the rest of the ranges, but from any of the heights of the RcKkies the outlook is a magnificent one. The vast ranges are appalling in their immensity and granduer, for here are fifty or sixty Switzer- lands rolled into one. The opportunities for mountain climbing are plenty, and while many individual peaks are doubtless inaccessible, there are lots of mountains yet to be ascended whichlwill bring credit to their conquerors." As to the actual climbing, although Canada is not Switzerland, a tried mountaineer will find himself quite at home in the Rockies or the Selkirks. He will not, of course, understand pack trains and packing, but his men will look after these things for him and they will usually be able to guide him safely through the forests and across the mountain streams to the foot of whatever mountain he has made up his mind to bag. Owing to the heights of the valleys the actual climb from the last camp to the summit rarely exceeds 6,000 feet, consequently there is no need for the lofty "last camp" which is the rule in Switzerland. So far as is known every mountain, without exception, if climbable at all, may be bagged between sunrise and sunset of a long northern summer's day. HINTS TO The man who has won his spurs in the Alps, Cau- casus, Himalayas or Andes needs no hints, but, for the benefit of the tyro, it may be worth while to point out that, as a general thing, snow is safer than rock; that couloirs are less dangerous than aretas; that if the rope is MOUNTAIN CLIMBERS to be of any u«e it mutt always hf taut; that twelve feet should br about the minimum distance between men when they arc roped; that crampons are snares, and th.it IxkUs should be well nailed. In mountaineering there are two kinds of dangers, the real and fictitious. Beginners are too apt to confuse them and to dread a long snow slope, which may well he the safest route they could take, and to choose, gaily, a path running below u rotten, (rumbling lock face, about the most dangerous route a mountaineer can take. However, all these things must be learned by experience. As to the best season of the year, it must he rem, -nbered that climbing in the Rockies is yet in its infancy and that . inions may change as a result of expe- rience, so that it may well V hat the season which is now considered the best may. in the end, prove to be inferior to others. Alpinists usually make ascents now between the beginning of June and the e riy part of October. Provided that a man can transport his outfit over the deep snows something the Indian does without much diffi- culty, thanks to his snowshoes ami toboggans— the month of April, too, in the opinion of experienced guides, ought to be a first-r.-ite month for serious climbing. The days are of fair length and the ice slopes and bergschunds filled up with solidly packed snow, so that some of the diflficultiei. of the summer climbing do not exist at that time. CAMP LIFE ^'f- W. Uwight Wilcox, F.R.Ci.S., in his superbly IN THE illustrated book of travel entitled "The Rockies of MOUNTAINS Canada," gives some hints as to camp life and exploration in the two great mountain chains of the Pacific province. He says: "In the Rockies of Canada the only animal suitable to convey the explorer and his outfit through the mountain forests and over the swelling rivers that oppose his progress %l.^ .MoKAINE LAKE-AaI.LKV OF THE TkN PeAKS i=r:2 \ ~7 Mount StK I)(inald 1 lUiniaithcy d thrir siimII Brj{er-h(>ofi «" ,».». .u„.. „„„",,. r™'..i:;rt"LT.:;:,';;r* iidition. a pitch Jn that hunter lat you Hakadise Valley 7 Takakkaw Falls, Yoho who will furnish you with horses, nien and ( erything needed for trips of whatever Itngth or nature, and thus relieve you of all responsibility. "The several ranges of the Rockies have an almost constant trend north-northwest and south-southeast. This fact, along with the general knowledge of the streams pnd lakes, or information picked up from the Indians, is the main reliance of the camper. Every year the packers who go on such trips gain knowledge of the passes and trails, so that the day is not distant when there will be efficient guides for many of the most interesting excursions. How- ever, necessity for reliance and the use of one's own judgment in picking a way through the obstacles of these mountains are great sources of pleasure. The camper inexperienced in the methods of the Ntrthwest has much to learn. The pitching of the first cami> is a revelation to the inexperienced. After a suitable site has been chosen, with firewood and water conveniently near, and a meadow not far away where the horses may find pasture, t'.e men cut tent poles and the cook spreads his pots and pans upon the crackling fire- The pack saddles and blankets are usually piled beneath some large tree and covered with a sheet, while another sheet covers the packs of provisions. The cook soon has several pots on the fire stewing apples or apricots, making hot water for tea or cocoa, or perhaps cooking the omnipresent bean. Two boxes called cook boxes stand near at hand and they contain cans of condensed milk, all the spices and condiments, small tins of preserves and pickles that have been opened or are in constant use, as well as the dippers, dishes, plates, knives, forks and spoons, which are no less necessary." The great seCret of successful pack travel is to start early, and after six or eight hours' traveling to go into camp and turn the ponies loose to graze. It has been found that pack animals treat^^d m t stai if tl int( nig bet of Coi pac WOI A CL Ol tW( As 6x( ma wit cli: pic at foi of wi: he up. dU! ■^ >-L^:^A.a3iSV LS, YdHO V^ALLEV, B. C. s in this manner will retain their condition indefinitely, whereas if you start late and move slowly the loads tire the animals far more than if they moved more quickly for a shorter time. Moreover, by gomg into camp late they have no opportunity to fill themselves before nightfall. A good pony will carry as much as 300 pounds, but it is far better to underload than to tax their powers to the utmost. On some of the worst trails of the Northern Rockies the Hudson's Bay Company puts about 150 pounds on each pony. However, the head packer will know all about these matters, and without him the tyro would be perfectly helpless. /^ When sta. ig out for a season's climbing the outfit QjudBING taken fro... ihe east should include nailed boots, strong OUTFIT tweed suits, Alpine club ropes, ice axes and Alpine stocks, for though these things may be bought at one or two places in the Northwest, most men prefer their own patterns. A sleeping bag should be taken for each man, and a Whymper tent 6x6 feet for every four persons. It should be made of some light material like rough, unbleached calico, and the floor should be lined with waterproof material. The ice axe preferred by most old climbers weighs four pounds, the head being modeled on that of the pick-axe. Alpine club rope made of manilla-hemp is very light, yet at the same lime exceedingly strong, as will be conceded when it is found that kt feet of it, sufficiently stout to stand a breaking strain of two tons, weighs but 103 ounces Of course each climber will wish to ascertain, as nearly correctly as possible, the heights to which he has scrambled. Hitherto the Aneroid barometer has been relied upon for such determinations, but Mr. Edward Whymper found during his exploration in the Andes that the Aneroid is not trust- "Valley of thb Illbcillewabt" worthy if kept at a high elevation for a protracted period. It is valuable for comparative readings taken at short intervals and should not be omitted from the outfit, but the main reliance should be placed upon the Fortin mountain barometer. BOOKS ON MOUNTAIN CLIMBING A few of the most useful books on mountaineering are: Pkttttaqtic Undtcapa in the Canadian Rocky Mountains W. DwiGHT Wilcox, F. R. G. S. G. P. Putnams" Sons, New York, looo Camping in the Canadian Rockies (An older work by the same author.) The Rockies of Canada W. DwiGHT Wilcox, F. R. G. S. • G. p. Putnams' Sons, New York, igoo. Scrambles Amongst the A^ in the Years 1860^ Ed. Whvmper. John Murray, Albemarle Street, London; fifth edition, igoo. Tfaveb Amongst the Great Andes of the Equator Ed. Whymper. John Murray. Albemarle Street, London; second edition. i?E!^-_ Experienced Swiss guides are stationed during the JmSStc *"""""■ ""onths at the four principal mountain RBSC»TS resorts in the Rockies and Selkirks— at Banff, in the Canadian National Park; the Lakes in the Clouds; Field, ai the gateway to the newly discovered Yoho Valley; and the Great Glacier of the Selkirks. These guides will accompany parties on climbing expeditions, a nominal fee being charged for their services. HOW TO ^a"ff' 'lie Lakes in the Clouds, Field, the Grtat REACH THE Glacier and the other resorts in the mountains of MOUNTAINS B"''sh Columbia are only reached by the Canadian Pacific Railway, whose Imptria) Limited trains cross the continent in ninety-seven hours, leaving Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver tri-weekly during the tour.. . season, in addition to the regular daily transcontinental ..assenger service maintained throughout the year. During the season of navigation-May to November- there is an alternate route by the company's magnificent Clyde-built steamers through Lakes Huron and Superior, from Owen Sound on Georgian Bay to Fort William at the north-western extremity of Lake Superior, where the journey is continued by the Canadian Pacific transcontinental trains. From the middle western States the Soo-Pacific route is the shortest and most direct, daily trains leaving St. Paul and Minne- apolis and connecting with the Canadian Pacific at Moose Jaw, in the Canadian Northwest. From the Pacific Coast and Puget Sound points there is a choice of routes-either by steamer to Victoria and Vancouver, B. C, and Great GtAciBR of the Selkirks II thence by the Canadian Pacific, or by all-rail to Mission Junction (forty-three miles east of Vancouver) and the Canadian Pacific transcontinental trains. Attached to through trains are superbly appointed sleeping cars (both first-class and tourist), with open observation cars through the mountain sections, and the system of elegant dining cars and mountain hotels is unsurpassed in excellence of service. The rates at the different mountain hotels are $3.00 per day and upwards, with reduced rates to parties remaining a week or longer. Mount Stephen IIousb, Field, B. C. For further information apply to any agent of the Canadian Pacific Railway or to ARCHER BAKER, European Traffic Manager, 87 and 68 King William St., E. C, London. a) Cockspur St., S. W., London. I) James St., Liverpool.. 87 St. Vincent St.. Glasgow. CE.E.USSHER, Gen'l Pass'r Agt., Eastern Lines, MONTREAL. C E. McPHERSON, Gen'l Pass'r Agt., Western Lines, WINNIPEG. ROBERT KERR, Passenger Traffic Manager, MONTREAL.