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32X

MEDICAL EDUCATION OF LADIES.

— •n«tn|^|tlinii>—

ITS PBRMANHPICY ASSURBD IN CANADA.

"•MIlUl^lllM.MI

The higher education of women has been one of the leading topics
in private and pubhc controversy for the past few years. It has been
viewed in every light and discussed on every side by prominent edu-
cationists, busmess men and philosophers, bitter opponents, earnest
partisans, and moderate thinkers, until to-day ii is freely admitted
that a generous education is necessary to fortify a woman for the
business of life, whether as a bread-winner or as the inuelligent com-
panion of the other half of mankind, and the mother of the children
who are to be trained to take their stand in the next generation.

The advantages of higher schools and the universities are now ex-
tended without limit to the sex hitherto considered lit for life and all
its sacred duties, with its mind but half expanded and its ideas nar-
j-owed and warped by ignorance and restriction. Several have already
availed themselves of the opportunity, and periodically we read of their
successes in graduating and winning honors at the highest examina-
tions in the land. Some of the graduates in arts are now earning
large salaries as teachers, while those in medicine are established in
luc) ^tive practice. One is a medical missionary in Central India, and
the reports from there speak of the great good she is already accom-
plishing. The lady students in medicine are steadily increasing, and,
in the autumn of next year, another graduate will leave for India as a
missionary.

THE CALENDAR

here i)rcsented of the Kingston Medical School for Women, in affilia.
tion with Queen's University, gives an idea of the work attempted in
medicine. Queen's, the first in the Dominion to open her doors to
women, has earned the gratitude of all interested in the cause, and
through her influence and that of the citizens of Kingston, aided gen-
erously by Dr. Jenny K. Trout, of Toronto, a college has been estab-
lished entirely with the aim of extending to women the best advan-
tages in the study of medicine. The finances and entire management

are iu the hands of a committee chosen from prominent friends of the
work, who are bending every energy towards its success.

The ample endowment fund contributed, together with the studonLs'
fees, have enabled them to pay the Professors fair salaries, to com-
fortably fit up and equip the College class-rooms with proper teaching
appliances, and at the end of the last session to leave a good balance
in the treasury. The College was never so prosperous as now, and
•organized as it was by the unselfish liberality of men and women who
wish to secure to grown up and growing girlb the means of educating
themselves for a useful profession, it deserves the hearty support of
all Canadians interested in the higher education of -women.

The examinations are conducted in the Convocation Hall of Queen's
University, and the papers are identical with those written upon by
the male students. The degrees M.D., CM., conferred, and the pro-
fessional standing gained therebj', nre therefore similar in every
respect.

As many letters are being received regarding the cost of the course
and other details, this circular has been issued in order to answer all
questions, and also that ladies who are about to decide upon their
future course in life may get. an idea of what the study of medicine
offers. Teaching and the other avenues open to the sex only afford
a temporary means of livelihood, not an independence and security
against old age and adversity, or the changer, in the standard and
value of certificates.

Earnest, intelligent girls or women take kindly to the study and
give every promise of making thoroug}\ and successful practitioners.
At a total cost of from $550 to $573, or about $Vd^) per year for four
years (fees $64, and good board at $3 per week for six months being
$72), a student is rendered independent in money matters, while tiie
knowledge gained, aside from every other consideration, is of great
benefit and should exert an ennobling influence on either man or
woman. Already hundreds of suffering women have expressed their
gratitude for the boon of a physician of their own sex. A few more
years will find a lady doctor established in every district of the
country, and realizing their opporiimities, they will wield much power
for the general good, both bodily and otherwise, of womankind.

Appended are a few extracts from speeches of prominent men on
the subject : . ; .

' , •' PRINCIPAL GRANT, OF QUEEN's UNIVERSITY, SPEAKS. '• '■, '

He said each century was widening the sphere and opening new avenues
for women. First, women were used as drudges ; then it was thought
they would make good sweethearts — which is the case still — then
wives, mothers, sisters and companions. Now they can be found in
business circles and entrusted with great responsibilities. He did not

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think a mother would be less fit to be a mother if she had a medical
education. There was a distinction between a medical training and
practice of the profession ; those who desire the training may not
wish to practice ; then the household gets the benefit. Fair trials
were given to women in England and the United States, and Canada
should not be behind. With regard to " indelicacy," women made
jbest of nurses, and as such liad just as unpleasant duties to perform
as had medical men. He referred to the great good being done by
lady doctors in China,* and stated that the natives of India were im-
ploring the Queen to send them to that country to attend the women.
He thought one ladies' college in Canada sufficient, and if he thought
the one proposed at Toronto would have the united confidence of
ladies, he would not favor establishing one in Kingston. In order to
prove that the Toronto institution would not have the confidence of
the ladies, he read a letter from Dr. Jenny Trout, which stated that
she had retired from the movement, for the reason that they would
not allow ladies on the Board of Trustees. She would heartily assist
the Kingston movement and subscribe $200 per year for five years.
(Applause). He was in favour of allowing ladies on the Board of
Management and on the staff of professors as well. ■

SIR RICHARD CARTWRIGHT.

He thought

• He said he believed in the higher education of women,
that if women were physically wr^-ker than men there was all the
more reason that they should not be debarred from work which did
not require great strength and for which good incomes are obtainable.

One of the sources of evil to our country is the growing tendency
of young men to leave their farm-homes for the city, where they
engage in light work better suited to women, and thus their manly
fitrength is lost to the country.

Referring to the introduction of a thorough system of hygiene in
families, he said such could not be accomplished unless through the
instrumentality of educated women.

THE HON. MR. KIRKPATRICK, SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS,

said that at first he felt shy as to the success of the movement, but
now he was of a difterent opinion. Regarding women's delicacy, he
thought that their delicacy was one reason why they should be doctors.

■ ' EX-MAYOR GILDERSLEEVE

considered it was tyranny to put stumbling blocks in the way of ladies
who desired to study medicine. There was something lacking in the
general system when women were not allowed to pursue a coarse with
a view to earning their own livelihood. It was Jyranny that there
was no opening of a superior nature for women like there was for
men. Kingston had taken a creditable stand, and he hoped she
would keep up her reputation. . • -. , . • • ,

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' Mil. H. FOLGER, BAZ^KER,

said that the reformation with regard to women was aa sure to (!ome
as grey hairs through time. Women were equal to men in mental
capacity, as iias been shown at college examinations. It was far inore
modest for women to study medicine than for men to treat women for
certain diseases. He was in favor of giving women privileges in ever-
department of science. Thirty years ago there was only one lady
doctor in the United States ; now there wero about 500. He had a
conversation with Dr. Putnam (a lady) at New York, and she satisfied
him that women were in every way adapted for the study and prac-
tice of medicine. They improved materially under the study. Dr.
Putnam has a magnificent residence, and when he called he was
ushered in by a negro who wore white kid gloves. She is not only a
doctor but a good wife and mother, and her practice amounts to annu-
ally about $80,000. He closed by stating that he saw every reason
why ladies should study medicine, because they were natural doctors.

DR. LAVELL, WARDEN OF THE PENITENTIARY, AND DEAN OF THE FACULTY
OF THE women's MEDICAL COLLEGE.

No lady, he stated, compromised herself in the least in studying
medicine. Those in the College now were not only ladies but
Christian ladies too. He did not want ladies to study raedicme for
the mere novelty of it. They should have a religious object in view.
He wished that all ladies had a knowledge of medicine, as it might be
of vast benefit to them in every walk of life ; but now that they
had begun to study medicine there would probably be a revolution
regarding the treatment of women before long. He closed most inter-
estuig remarks with a reference to the increased facililics, and to the
new suite of rooms on the upper flat of the building, which have nd
superior in Canada for the purpose for which they are used.

THE WORLD OVER. ji,

Keferring to the progress of women's medical education in Eng-
land, the Liverpool Mercury says : "The Government have made a
significant concession in favor of l«dy doctors by appointing Miss
Shove as Medical Superintendent of the women staff at the Metro-
politan General Post Office. The field for lady doctors has been
greatly widened by a movement in India to give the women of that
country medical advisers of their own sex. Very large sums have
been contributed, and one native gentleman has off^ed $50,000 to
build an hospital for women and children, to be entirely under lady
doctors. In India, as in other countries, females not unfrequently
endure untold miseries rather than consult medical men. The mfor-
TOR^ion collected hf the Zenana missions has excited a strong feeling
in favor of medical women. $25,000 has been raised at Bombay as a
guarantee fund for expenses to qualified ladies who will go out to that
country to act as doctors." ^ :^ -■^; ■ - ;- "■'