WM. CLENDINNENG 
 
 FOUNDER AND MANUFACTURER OF 
 
 tit 
 
 hm, Mim ni mm\ mM^ 
 
 IRON BEDSTEADS, 
 
 ^ailiilM fiF OeiieieFief; f ©Fuictli 
 
 
 &.C., &,c. 
 
 CITY SAMPLE AND SALES ROOMS: 
 
 le and n VICTOEIA SQMEE, 532 OEAId STESST, 
 
 AHD 
 
 536 ST. CATHSEINE STEIET. 
 
 WORKS: 
 
 145 TO 179 WILLIAM STREET, 
 
 MONTREAL 
 
 8 
 
i Geo. Bishop & Co. 
 
 Xo. 169 St. James Street, 
 MONTREAL. 
 
 ertrr DesciirTioN of 
 
 Commercial >Vork, Bank Cheques, Coupons, Scrip, 
 
 Railway or other Corporation Bonds 
 
 Engraved and Printed. 
 
 ^IlPOfflO pHography in all it| ^panclieg« 
 
 Engraved euid Stamped in Relief or Colors. 
 
 "j^eraldie Tjeilees and fresenfaUen fld(lre§§e§ 
 
 Beautifully Emblazoned or Illuminated. 
 
 YISmXG, ADDRESS, BUSINESS, 
 
 IXVITATIOX, AXD DINKER ' 
 
 ENGRAVED ON VERY SHORT NOTICE. 
 
 Tourists' pi\pEi\s Executed with Despatch. 
 
:i 
 
Uuuk '•) Mont real 
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 110 .IcSllit'.sCollciri; 
 
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 l-':i Cciiirl Hciiisi. 
 
 I-.; I New City Hal 
 
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 I.iii liilaiils' Iloiiic (I'nit.) 
 
 l:n Olil liarracks 
 
 i:i- li.illioii^if S(|iian' 
 
 1:!:! Catllt; .Market 
 
 l.'ll (Jilii'iiil llo.s|iital 
 
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 IMil lioriiiuii I'rot. Church 
 1.17 KrriK'li I'nit. Clmrcli 
 l:w McthixIWt Church 
 l;i'.l Kiru Station 
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 ill St .1. l<a|itUto .Market 
 U.'. Klre Stiitioii ,t Market 
 1 111 St. Vt. (le I'aul Kefiir'y 
 147 St. .hiiiies'Ch. Ill.C.) 
 1 H I'riiviilemc Any (It.C.) 
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 l.il rrliiily Cliureh (KpU) 
 l.'i'.i \ii;er Si|iiart' 
 ir>.'<'l.'.t Military Hospital 
 II"!.'! I'.iiiel Hi. Ch. (I'res.) 
 ITill .MoIhuii's < 'olletfe 
 ir>7 St. 'riioiiia.s' Ch (Kpis) 
 1.'>.H rapiiieaii Square 
 l.V.i Jail 
 
 Hill Hill .Military Cemetery 
 liil St. Peter's Vh. (K.C ) 
 111'- Kriars' Sehools 
 liDi St. Luke's Ch. (Kpis.) 
 1114 Sisti'is of Mere\ 
 111.". Melllo,li^t('hllIVh 
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 1(17 Cote st. Sihools 
 ir>S Natural Hist. Museum 
 lilll lloiiulas .MetlioiliKtCli. 
 1711 I't. St Charles Meth. 
 
 I'hureh 
 171 St Matthew's Ch (I'res) 
 I7'2 Clialliier's Ch. (I'res ) 
 17;t St. Maitiii'sCh. (Kpis.) 
 
 'I 
 
 Horse Cars run on Streets niarkeil 
 KailriKuls mark 
 
 .Montreal U.S it wiusin 17110 markeil 
 Limits of Mount Royal I'ark ji.'ijiii 
 <'it> Limits -_ , __ 
 
 Circular Line ili'- 
 note.M .J mile from 
 I'ost Office. 
 
 i. 
 
G. & W. CLARKE, 
 
 Jmporters of 
 
 NO. 238 ST. JAMES STREET, 
 NEXT DOOR TO THE OTTAWA HOTEL MONTREAL. 
 
 All the latest Miscellaneous Books of the Day, English French and American 
 
 Stationery, Fine French Fancy Goods, Russia Leather Goods, Ladies' and 
 
 G-ents' Dressing Cases, Writing Desks, Work Boxes, Portfolios, &c. 
 
 Photograph Albums all sizes, the largest Stock in the City, Ladies' 
 
 and Children's Companions, (Fitted Complete.) 
 
 FANS! FANS!! FANS!!! 
 
 A very lar^je n<fKiiitniont of all tlu; Finest French Fans in BLACiv ami (lOLD, SANDAL 
 VVOUD, RUSSIA LEATHKR, &c., iiIho WiiKlin.i,' and Dickh Fans. 
 
 Russia Leather Wallets, Pocket Books, Purses, Ladies Fine Finished Pocket 
 
 Books, Stereoscopic Glasses, Graphoscopes, &c.. Opera Glasses, Tourists' 
 
 Glasses, Marine Glasses, the cheapest and best in the City, Gk>ld Pens 
 
 and Pencils, Joseph Rodgcrs & Son's Best Pocket Knives and 
 
 Scissors, Dressing Combs, Hair, Tooth and Nail Brushes, 
 
 Walking Sticks and Canes, Foot Balls, Children's Balls. 
 
 VIEWS OF THE CITY 
 
 STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS of MONTREAL and ELSE"WHERE. 
 LITHOaRAPHIC VIEWS OF MONTREAL, QUEBEC, TORONTO, 
 
 NIAGARA FALLS, &c. 
 
 ■ <■» I 
 
 CITy GUIDES, RAILROAD GUIDES and CENTENNIAL GUIDES, &c. 
 
 All the Latest and Best. 
 ■ «»» ■ 
 
 G. & W. CLARKE, 
 
 IMl'DRTEKS iiF 
 
 ;.^ai:jfi,% 
 
 Mni\mtt% 
 
 m\h 
 
 f?inet| 
 
 60.0$,.^^ 
 
 238 ST. JAMES STREET. NEXT DOOR TO THE OTTAWA HOTEL 
 
 \ 
 
 :M:oniTTi?."Fl^ij. 
 
 
Reeollet House. 
 
 BROWN & CLAGGETT, 
 
 
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 MONTREAL. 
 
 Silks, Velvets, Irish Poplins, French Cashmeres, Dress Goods, Grenadines, 
 Real Laces, Lace Goods, Ribbons, Sashes, &c., Haberdashery, Flowers and 
 Feathers, Silk and Kid Gloves, Silk and Wool Hosiery, Silk and Wool 
 Underclothing Parasols, Silk Umbrellas, Corsets, Dress Trim- 
 mings, Mourning Department, Shawls in Paisley and 
 French makes, German and French Mantles, 
 Lace Shawls and Lace Jackets. 
 
 TWEEDS, CLOTHS iV]S"D CzVSSIMERES. 
 
 ■ <•> ■ 
 
 The Tailoring Department is under tlie management of Cutters who understand the 
 American Trade. 
 
 IN THIS DEPARTMENT PRICES ARE FIFTY PER CENT UNDER NEW YORK. 
 
 DEESSES hm CLOTHING MADS 11 A FEW HQUIS, 
 
 «■••» — 
 
 This Fine Establishment is one of the largest and most extensive of the kindvin the 
 Dominion. 
 
 By heavy inijHirtations direct from the European Manufacturers, the Proprietors are 
 enabled to sell RICH and ELEGANT GOODS at as reasonable rates as dealers in 
 FABIS or LONDON. 
 
 The House is well known to American and European Tourists who patronize 
 
 this Establishment throughout the year, and find their purchases 
 
 advantageous in the extreme. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL ; 
 
 OR THE 
 
 Tourist's jSouyenii^ 
 
 OF A VISIT TO THE ( 
 
 COMMERCIAL Mi«I!BSPOLIS 
 
 OF THK 
 
 DOMINION OF cMdA. 
 
 Entered according to Act ok Pahli^mrnt of thf. Dominion or Canada, by Alfbku Sandham, 
 
 IN TiiK Ofkick ok Ministhr OF Aghicui.tiire, in thf. Year of Olr Loki> 
 
 One Thousanu Eiuiit Hinurku anu Shvkntv-Six. 
 
 MONTREAL : 
 
 'WITNESS" PRINTING HOUSE, ST. JAMES STREET. 
 
 1876. 
 
 _ ; 
 
^^^i^^_ APOTHECARIES' HALL. 
 
 Next the Court House, Notre Dame Street, Montreal. 
 
 DEVINS & BOLTON, 
 
 IMI'OKTKlia OK HUITiail AND KORKKiN 
 
 Drugs, Chomicals, Seeds, Leeches, &c. 
 
 Wholesale and Hetail. 
 By Special Appointment Sole Agents for 
 
 VICHY MINERAL WATERS AND SALTS, 
 
 As also for the most popular 
 
 French Medicinal Preparations of the day. 
 
 DEVINS & BOLTON'S PURE QUININE WINE 
 
 Is a most nureeable Tonic, prepared with Howard's Sulphate of Quinine, and Pure 
 French Grape Wine and will stand any test or analysis that it 
 ■ may be submitted to. 
 
 DEVINS & BOLTON'S PURE COD LiVER OiL AND HYPOPHOSPHITES 
 
 ConsiHtaucy of Cream, agrcialilc to the taste and rutaiuiible on tiie niost d-lit ate 
 
 stomacli. 
 
 DEVINS & BOLTON'S LIQUID CITEATE OF MAGNESIA. 
 
 A most delightful Laxative and Refrigerant. 
 
 DEYINS & BOLTON'S COUGH SPECIFIC, 
 
 The most effectual remedy against all diseases to which the lironchial Tubes are 
 
 liable, such as Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness, Lo.iS of Voice, Asthma, Influenza, 
 
 Bronchitis, Whooping Cough, DilHculty in breathing, &c., &c. 
 
 CHILDKEN'8 OAKMIXATIA^E COKDIAL, 
 
 For Teething Pains, Loss of Sleep, Convulsions, Restlessness, Colic, Dysentry, 4c. 
 
 The safest and most effectual remedy for Worms in Children or adults. 
 
 A most iudispen.sable Toilet Recjuisit<'. Restores Grey Hair to its Natural Cidour 
 without soiling the skin or the most delicate head-dress. 
 
 The special notice of Physicians, Families and Individuals is solicited to the above 
 valuable and useful list of our own preparations which are gaining in popularity every day. 
 
 ) DEVINS & BOLTON, | 
 
 \ Chtmiats anb ^nxggista, 
 
 APOTHECARIES' HALL, MONTREAL. 
 
 8 
 
PI CTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 MOSTKK.vr. lUl.iM 
 
 ITTE Island of Montreal, upon which the city is built, is of a tri- 
 angular shape, ;{'J miles long by lM| broad, and lies at the confluence of 
 the Ottawa and St. Lawrence Rivers. The Riviere des Prairies on the 
 Xorth West side, separates it from Isle Jesu, The Island is divided 
 into several parishes, and with the exception of the mountain, and one or two 
 small ridges, exhibits a level surface. It is watered by several little rividets. 
 
 From the City, to the eastward, the shores are frvjin fifteen to twenty feet 
 above the summer level of the River St. liawrence: but in the opposite direction, 
 towards Lachine, they are low, and in some places soft and marshy. 
 
 The soil can scarcely be excelled in any coiintrj-. and is highly productive in 
 grain of every species, vegetables and fruits of Tariou> kinds ; consequently there 
 is hardly any part of it but what is in the mo«t Nourishing state of cultivation, 
 and it may justly claim the pre-eminence over any part of Lower Canada. So 
 productive is the soil, that the Island has been sometimes called " The Garden 
 of Canada." 
 
 The turnpike roads are the finest in the Dominion, and are much frequented 
 for pleasure driving, as along their line are some romantic prospects, especially 
 at a point near the Tanneries village, where the road ascends a steep hill and 
 continues along the ridge for more than three miles, commanding a beautiful view 
 
2 nCTURESqUE MONTREAL. 
 
 o\ev the cultivated fields below, the Lachine Canal, the lines of Railway, the 
 " Lachine Ilapids " and the islands in the St. Lawrence, with the Victoria IJridge 
 spanning the river, while in the distance is the varied woodland scenery on the 
 opposite shores. 
 
 Upon this Island, Montreal, the second city in Canada in political dipfnity, but 
 first in commercial importance, is situated in Latitude 40"^, 31 North, and Longi- 
 tude 78'^ 85 West. From the opposite shore of the St. Lawrence it has a iioblo appear- 
 ance, and insummer the surrounding scenery is exceedingly beautiful. "Behind the 
 City rises the mountain, from which it originally took its name, — not a conical 
 eminence, but a swelling semi-circular ridge with its concave surface towards the 
 city, and placed like a rampart behind the city, as if to shield it in winter from 
 the unkindly blast." A dense forest covers the greater part of the mountain, 
 except where space has been cleared for several elegant mansions. The greater 
 portion of this mountain has been purchased by the City, and is now being laid 
 out as a Public Park. 
 
 The visitor to this beautiful and popular Northorn City, will doubtless desire 
 some facts concerning its earlier history, and before we proceed to speak of the 
 City and its points of interest, as at present existing, we propose devoting a few 
 pages to a brief review of its rise and growth from the small Indian settlement of 
 1535 to the populous city of the present. To aid our description, we give (for the 
 benefit of the antiquai'y, and the lovers of the "antique") a number of illustra- 
 tions of Montreal in tlie olden time ; also fac-similes of .some qiuiint autographs of 
 its f(junders, and also medals connected with its history. Let us now take a glance 
 at its rise and progress. 
 
 Three hundied and forty years ago (on the 2nd October, 1535), a .small com- 
 pany of French soldiers and sailors landed on the Island of Montreal. They 
 were gaudily dressed, and every possible display was made for the purpose of 
 striking with awe and reverence the simple-hearted Indians, whose town they 
 were now about to enter. The leader of the party was Jacques Cartier, the first 
 explorer of the shores of Canada to any extent, and the first Eurojjean who visit- 
 ed the site of the now beautiful City of Montreal. The party landed a few miles 
 below the Indian village, and encamped for the night, and early 07i the next 
 morning tlicy set out, aceom2)anicd by three Indians, as guides, to visit the town 
 and the " habitations of those people, and a certain mountain that is .somewhat 
 near the town." 
 
 After tliey had gone about four miles, they were met by one of the chiefs of 
 the city, accompanied by many of the natives, who, as soon as he .saw them, led 
 thein to a ])]iu'e where a large fire had been made, and signified to them by signs 
 that tliey should stop and rest themselves, which they did. 
 
 After they had rested themselves, the chief began to make a long speech, 
 showing by his count(>nance and signs that they were welcome. Cartier gave him 
 two hatchets, a pair of knives, and a cross, which he made him kiss, and then put 
 it about his neck. After this, the chief led the way, and when they had passed 
 about a mile further they found " goodly and large fields, full of .such corn as 
 the country yieldeth." 
 
 In the mid.st of those fields stood the village or town of " Hochelaga." When 
 they came near the town, they were met by the Lord or King of the country, 
 Agouhanna by niune, who was borne on the shoulders of .several natives. When 
 the party were all seated, the natives brought in diseased men, lame, blind, and 
 deaf, and laid them before Cartier that he might touch them, for they thought 
 that ho was a God who had descended from heaven to heal them. He recited the 
 Gospel of St. John, and prayed that God would open their hearts that they might 
 receive His holy Word and be converted. 
 
PiCTUliESQ UK MONTllEA L 
 
 After these cororaotiies wore over, Ciirticr was conducted into the town, which 
 thus ho describes : " It is placed near, and as it were 
 joined (o a jrreat mountain, very fertih' on the top, from 
 which you may see very far. The town is round, en- 
 ciinipassed about with timber, witli throe rampiros, one 
 \\ itliiii anotluM', framed like a sharp spire, but hiid across 
 above. The middlemo.st of these is made and biult in a 
 direct lino, but i)erpendicular. The rampiros are franu'd 
 and fashioned with pieces of timber, laid aloiiiy the 
 g'rouiid, very well andcunnin<>ly joined after their fa-h- 
 ion ; tin's enclosure is in hoi^dit about two rods; it hath 
 but oiu> gate, or entry thereat, which is shut with piles, ^'•-' "ox oi- inoi an pai.isadk, 
 stakes and bars ; over it, and also in many parts of the wall, there be places to 
 run along, and ladders to get up, all full of stones, f(;r the dofonco of it. 
 
 " Tliore are in the town about fifty house.s, each fifty paces long, and fifteen 
 or twenty broad, built all of wood, covered over with tlie bark of the wood, as 
 broad as any board, and cunningly joined together. Within are many rooms, 
 lodgings, and chambers. In the midst of every one there is a groat court, in the 
 middle whereof they make tlieir tires. They live in comnu)n together, then do 
 the husbands, wives, and children, each one, retire to their chambers. They have 
 also in the tops of their houses, certain garrets, wherein they keep their corn to 
 make their bread. The people are given to no other exercise, but onh' to hus- 
 bandrj' and tishing, for their existence." 
 
 The visitor to the city of Montreal, while viewing its great extent, and the 
 splendor of its buildings, will find it difficult to realize a small settlement upon 
 its site, such as that just described; but, doubtless, those who resided within its 
 narrow enclosure, considered it an extensive settlement, and a place of great 
 importance. 
 
 Having seen all that he deemed worthy of notice in the village, Cartier 
 expressed a wish to ascend the mountain, and was immediately conducted thither 
 by the natives. From its summit he discovered an iinmense extent of fine country, 
 intersporsod with rivers, woods, hills, atid islands, tlie sight of which filled him 
 with toolings of joy and gratification. In honor of his king, lie gave to the 
 elevation the name, which, with small change, has since extended to the city, 
 " Mount Royal." And truly the name was most appropriately chosen. From the 
 sunnnit that noble prospect met his eye which, at this day, is the delight of 
 tourists. Eut greatly changed is the scene since the first whit-c man — the Breton 
 voyager, gazed upon it. Now, tower, dome, and spire — white sail and gliding 
 steamer — the magnificent Victoria r)ridge spanning the river, all tend to give 
 animation tt) the scene; but then " East, West and South, the forest was over all, 
 while the broad blue line of the great St. Lawrence gleamed amidst it all." 
 Cartier, on his return to France, described his visit to this mountain, iind recom- 
 mended it as a favorable site for a settlement, but he did not live to see his idea 
 carried out. 
 
 Seventy years passed ere the island was again visited by a white man. In 
 1(509, Champlain, governor of New France (by which name Canada was then 
 known), wishing to establish relations with the great Indian (tommunities of the 
 
 inte'icr, repaired to Hochelaga, 
 f^-j x J j/i ^f-if^ whore he chose a site and cleared 
 
 //fj^i/r/f/ '" ground for the proposed trading- 
 f ^'/*^^' v^ / post. The spot chosen was im- 
 
 mediately above a small stream 
 AUTOQiurit OF CHAMPLAIN. (^o^y covcred by Commission- 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 en and Fowndling itreets) which entered the River St. Lawrence ut Point a 
 Calliere; and, "here, on the margin of the stream, he built a wall of bricks, 
 which he made irum clay found on the spot, in order to test the ett'ects of the 
 ice-«hoTe " in the faring. 
 
 When he Ti«t«l Montreal, the tribe of Indians mentioned by Cartier had 
 disaffpeared, and with them all traces of their village. Again the island was loft 
 to solitude, and thirty years elapsed ere its forests sent back the echo of l^uropean 
 Toiceiu The l**th May, lt>4'i, was the birthday of Montreal. 
 
 The peopling and fortifj-ing the Island of Montreal with a view of repressing 
 the in eurwj tu <rf Iroquois, and the conversion of ,'he Indians, had occupii>d the 
 entire attention of the first missionaries, and in J.O-iO the whole of this domain 
 was ceded to a ecmpsny for that purpose. 
 
 •* Jercnne le Royer de la Dauversiere, a collector of taxes at Ija Fleche, in 
 Anjoo, and a ronng: prier^ of Paris, Jean Jacques Olier, by name, having met 
 each other, formed the idea of establishing at Montreal three religious communi- 
 ties : one of prie«t.s to convert the Indians ; one of nuns, to nurse the sick, and one 
 of nims to teach the children of the Indians and of the colonists." 
 
 A rather romantic account is given as to the manner in which these two per- 
 sons became acquainted. 
 
 DiaaTerBere was an enthusiastic devotee, and one day while at his devotions 
 he heard a roiee commanding him to become the founder of a new order of 
 hortpital nan*, and to establish on the island called Montreal, in Canada, an hos- 
 pital or ** Hotel Dieu," to be c-onducted by these nuns. Dauversiere was greatly 
 perplexed. On the «ie hand, the voice from Heaven must be obeyed; on the 
 other, he had a wife, ax children, and a very moderate income. 
 
 There was at this time, at Paris, a young priest, " Dlier," twenty-eight years 
 of age. who. while he was praying in the ancient church of St. Gennaiu des Pris, 
 thought he heard a roioe from Heaven, telling hira that he was to be a light to 
 the Gentile*. He was also told that he was to form a society of priests, and 
 establish them upon the island called Montreal, in Canada, for the propagation 
 of the tme faith. 
 
 "We are told that while he and Dauversiere were totally ignorant of Canadian 
 geographr, ther suddenly found themselves in possession, thoy knew not liow, of 
 the most exact details c-onceming Montreal, its size, shape, situation, soil, climate 
 and prodoctioos. 
 
 DaoTcraere poodeml the revelation he had received, and the more he pon- 
 dered the more he became con^^nced that the call came from God. He therefore 
 went to Paris, where he wa« strengthened in his conviction by another vision, in 
 which he heard Christ ask the Virgin, three times, " "NVTierc can I find a faithful 
 .•errant?'" upon which the Virgin took Dauversiere by the hand, saying, "See 
 Lord, here m that faithful servant." Christ received him with a smile, and 
 promised him wisdom and strength to do His work. 
 
 From Paris he went to the Chateau of Menden, not far from St. Cloud. 
 Entering the gallery of an old castle, he saw a priest approaching him. It was 
 Olier. Although these men had neither seen nor heard of each other, yet, 
 impelled by a land of inspiration, they knew each other, even to the depths of 
 thor heaita, and sainted each other by name like two friends who had met after 
 a Hiiig sepantKn. 
 
 T)au\er^Te received communion at the hands of Olier, after which they pro- 
 ceeded to disems the plans revealed to them. It was an easy matter to talk over 
 those {Jans: but, in <wder to carrj- them out, they must first raise some money. 
 For this porpose. Olier laid the matter before some of his wealthy penitents, while 
 DauTcraere foeceeded in securing the Baron de Fancarap, a devout Christian, and 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 Fan- \^^ ^^^"^Z^ 
 
 AUTOonArii OF dk lauzon. 
 
 a wealthy man, who, considering the enterprise as one calculiitccl to further his 
 spiritual interests, was eager to take part in it. Shortly afterwards, three others 
 were secured, and the six together formed the genn of the "Societe de Notre 
 Dame de Montreal." Among them they raised seventy-five thousand livres. 
 
 Previous to this, the Island of Montreal liud been grunted to M. de Lauzon, 
 a former })resident of the 
 Company of One Ilun 
 dred Associates, and 
 son possessed the exc 
 sivc monopoly of the fish 
 ery on the St. Lawrence 
 After much persuasion 
 Dauversiere and F 
 camp succeeded in secur- 
 ing from him a transfer 
 of his title to them ; and 
 to make the matter more 
 secure, they obtained, in addition, a grant of the island from its former owners, 
 the "Associates." That company, however, reserved the western extremity of 
 the island for themselves, as a site for a fort and stores. Tlie younger Lauzon 
 also gave Dauversiere and his company the right of fishery within two leagues of 
 the shore of the island, which favor they were to acknowledge by a yearly 
 donation of ten pounds of fish. These grants wore afterwards confirmed by 
 the king, and thus Dauversiere and his companions became " Lords of the Isle 
 
 of Montreal." 
 
 They now proceeded to mature their plan, which was to send out forty men 
 to take possession of Montreal, intrench themselves, ar.d raise crops, after which 
 Ihey would build houses for the priests and convents for the nuns. 
 
 It was necessary that some competent person should be secured, who should 
 take command of the expedition, and act as governor of the newly acquired isle. 
 To till this important position, it was desirable that with the (jualities of the 
 statesman should be added the courage of the soldier. One in wliom these were 
 combined was found in the person of I'aul de Chomedey, Sieur de ^laissoneuve, a 
 
 Christian, 
 
 (^ au^ 0^ Py^ w>v^^- 
 
 AITOOBAPH OF PAUL DB CTIOMEDEY. 
 
 devout L'linstian, an 
 able statesman, and a 
 valiant soldier. Mais- 
 soneuve at cmce accept- 
 ed the position, but 
 many obstacles pre- 
 sented themselves to 
 the company before they were enabled to furnish him with the means required for 
 founding the new colony. Not the least of their troubles was the difficulty they met 
 with in procuring money. This difficulty so pi-eyed upon the minds of Dauversiere 
 and Olier that they became very despondent. They continued so for a length of 
 time ; but finally their faith in the enterprise became so strengthened that they 
 set to work in earnest, to complete their plans. They were now successful. 
 Many very wealttiy ladies contributed towards defraying the expense of the 
 undertaking, and also became members of the " As.soeiation of 3Iontreal," which 
 had now increased to about forty-five persons, and it was decided to postpone the 
 establishment of a college and seminary until the colony should be formed. The 
 hospital, however, was to be at once erected, as they felt assured that it would be 
 needed by the settlers. To superintend {he hospital, they secured the services of 
 a young lady, thirty- four years of age. Mademoiselle Mance, a descendant of an 
 
6 PICTURESQUE MONTH EAL. 
 
 ancient family ot France*. .She accepted the appointnicnt, and although of 
 
 delicate constitution, was ready 
 
 to face anv hardship, so that ^^-V" /^^^ 
 
 her courage fail her, and that autooraph of jeannk manck. 
 
 upon the eve of their departure, 
 
 when she hud some misgivings a« to the advisahility of her acoonipanyint; alone, 
 
 to the forest, a troop of soldiers. This difficulty was removed by two of tlio 
 
 men refusing at the la.st moment to embark unless their wives uc(!oini)anicd 
 
 them, and by a young woman who volunteered to accompanv the party, and 
 
 took passiige in one of the vessels. 
 
 In February, VA\, the Associates, with Olior at their ]i(>a(l, assembled in the 
 Church of " Xotre I>ame " at Paris, and before the Altar of the ^'ir!?in " solemnly 
 consecrated Montreal to the Holy Family, and to be called ^VUh'-Maric dc 
 JloHfreo/." 
 
 Maissoncuve with his party, forty-five in number, reached Quebec too late to 
 ascend the river. <>n their arrival at that place tliev were received with jealousy 
 and distrust The agents of the " Company of One " Jlumlred Associates " looked 
 
 
 A- ^ ^' 
 
 ArrooEAru of MoyrMAOxY. 
 
 on them with suspicion, and Montmagny, the Governor, feared a rival in ^Maisson- 
 euve. Every opposition was thrown in their way, and Montmagny tried to per- 
 suade Maissoneuve to exchange the Island of ^Montreal for that of Orleans. Hut 
 Maissoneuve was not to be deceived, and he expressed his determination to found 
 a colony at Montresd, "even if every tree on the island were an Iroqiiois." 
 
 (hi the Sth of May, 1H42, Maissoneuve embarked, and "on ITtli ^fay his 
 little flotilla, a pinnace, a flat-bottomed craft moved by sails, and two i-ow-boats, 
 approache-d Montreal, and all on Ixtard raised in unison a hymn of praise. ^lont- 
 magny was there to deliver the island, on behalf of the ' Company of One Hun- 
 dred Associates.' Here, too, was F'ather Vimont, superior of the ^lissions. On 
 the following day they glided along the green and solitary shores, now thronged 
 with the life of a busy city, and landed on the spot which Chami)lain, thirty-one 
 years before, had chosen as the fit site of a settlement. It was a tongue, or t riangle 
 of land, formed by the junction of a rivulet with the St. I^iwrence. This rivulet 
 was bordered by a meadow, and beyond rose the forest with its vangnai'd of scatter- 
 ed trees. Early spring flowers were blooming in the young grass, and the birds 
 flitted amonff the boujjhs. 
 
 " 3Iaissoneuve sprang a-ishore and fell on his knees. His followers imitated 
 his example ; and all joined their voices in songs of thanksgiving. Tents, bag- 
 gage, arms and stores were landed. An altar was raised on a pleasant place near 
 at hand : and Mademoiselle Mance, with Madame do la Pcltrie,* aided by her 
 servant, Charlotte Barre, decorated it with a taste which was the admiration of all 
 beholders. Xow all the company gathered before the shrine. Here were the 
 
 * While stayintr at Qiie>)«<r. MaiflKweare gained an iinrxpcftcd addition toliis party iu the person 
 of Madame de la Peltrie. who hrd. in 1&40. came to Canada, bringiufr with lior, at her own coKt, a 
 body of nun.-*, to f-stablL-h the Un-iiline Conrent. Wlien she joined Maissoneuve she took with her 
 all Uie famituie ^he had lent the Uisulinee. 
 
PICTrilKSQUE MONTliKA L. 
 
 ludies with thoir servant; Mondna^ny, no willing Hpoctutor ; and Muissoneuvo, u 
 warlike figure, erert and tall, liis men clustering around him — soldiers, sailors, 
 artisiins and laborers— all alike soldiers at need. They kneeled in reverent sileTieo 
 as the Host was raised aloft ; and when the rito was over the priest turned and 
 addressed them ; You are a grain of mustard seed that shall rise and grow until 
 its branches overshadow the land. You are few, but your work i.s the work of 
 G<h1. His .smile is on you, and your children shall till the land. 
 
 " The afternoon waned ; the sun sank behind the western forcvst, and twiliglit 
 came on. Fire-tlies were twinkling over the darkened meadow. They caught 
 them, tied them with threads into sliining festoons, and hung them before the 
 altar. Then they pitched their tents, lighted their fii'cs, stationed their guards, 
 and lay down to rest. Such was tlie birth-night of Montreal."* 
 
 The following morning they jtroceeded to form their encam])ment, the first tree 
 being felled by Maissoneuve. Tliey worked with sucli energy that by the evening 
 they erected a strong palisade, and had covered their altar with a roof formed of 
 bark. 
 
 It was some considerable time after their arrival before their eiu-niies, tlie 
 Indians, were made aware of it, and they improved the time by building some 
 .substantial htmses, and in strengthening their fortifications. To recount the 
 struggles of the early colonists would l)e a repetition < f the history of every city 
 or town founded in the midst of a savage country. AUacks l)y Indians, disease, 
 disputes, and all the accompaniments of such an cnter])ri.se, were alike the lot df 
 the Founders of Montreal. 
 
 As the Frencli settlements inci'eased in extent and power, they assumed oil'eii- 
 .sive operati(ms on the New Fiigland frontier. The sjjirit of tlu! Hi'itish colonists 
 was j-oused, and tlie result was that hotli jjarties, aided by tlir Indians, carried on 
 a destructive warfare. To jjrotect the settlement at ^lontreal tlie (iovernor of the 
 town, M. de Callieres, in the fall of 1084, ordered all the inhabitauts to cut down 
 and bring in great stakes, lo ft. in length, to fortify the town. The inhabi- 
 tants worked .so vigorously during the w inter that all things were ready by the 
 spring of 1080, and six liundr(Hl men were at once started to work in erecting a 
 palisade arour.;! the town. Thirty years after it was decided to strengtlu'ii tlie 
 fortifications. The pal 
 
 isades were now de- 
 cayed, and would not 
 prove of any service 
 should an attack be 
 made. I3y an act passed 
 loth May. 1710, Sieur 
 de lianisay was author- 
 ized to build stone for- 
 tifications. The cost of 
 the fortifications,which 
 were commenced in 
 1722, was about 300,- 
 000 livres, which a- 
 mount was advanced 
 by the French king. 
 One-half of this sum 
 was to be charged to 
 His Majesty's account. 
 
 
 CARD, Oil I'Al'EB MONKY OF 1722. 
 
 * Parkmau's Pioneers of Franco in the Nlw World. 
 
8 
 
 PrCTFRESQrF MOXTREAL. 
 
 TT*^"*. tho other half was to he paid by tho Seminary, or Seijfneurs of the Isle, 
 !ii- iuhabilants. Tho Seminarv to ropay yearly 2,000 livreH, and the citi- 
 DMitf 4,000, until the amount was paid off. 
 
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 Hie fortifications were somewhat formidable in appearance, although sub- 
 sKfuent events proved them to be of but little real value, nor were they destined 
 U> pass through any ordeal calculated to test their durability. 
 
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 13 ycarw with OIbb k Co. 
 
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 R. V. WILM»:V, 
 
 (1 yciirH with (»ib)) & Oo. 
 4 yciirx with AdKiiM, 
 
 IH'INI^ 
 
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 Wilis®!, 
 
 1 () 1. J 
 
 DENTS GLOVES, 
 
 CARTWRIGHT i WARNER S MERINO T'NDER-CLOTHINa, 
 
 BEST LONDON MADE SILK UMBRELLAS 
 
 236 ST, JAMES STREET, 
 
 TWO D00B9 KA8T OF OTTAWA HOTBL, 
 
 Wffl* fflcMiin S ©® 
 
 '»« 
 
 MANUFACTURERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 
 
 BOOTS AND SHOES, 
 
 18 St. Maurice Street, Montreal. 
 
AD VERTISEMENTS. 
 
 DAWSON BROS., 
 
 189 to 161 ST. JAMES STREET, MONTREAL. 
 
 SEE ADYERTISEIWEXT 0\ OI*POMTE PAGE. 
 
AD VERTISEMENTS. 
 
 159 to 131 ^t JAMUS STBEUT, 
 
 Have always on hand a large »tock of 
 
 iimm m uiscellmeous booes. 
 
 THEY SUPPLY 
 
 Published in all parts of the world. 
 • '. . • • - 
 
 As Stationers, they keep an extensive stock of 
 
 STATIONERY. 
 
 ■^ i > , .■ 
 And, by moans of their Manufactory and Bookbinding, are constantly making up 
 
 Blank Book:^ of the very best quality. 
 
 |@" strangers arc respectfully requested to call and examine. 
 
 189 to 161 St. James Street. 
 
AD VERTISEMEXTS. 
 
 ^ 
 
 c 
 
 ^iiiiieo! 
 
 OITEEI^L. 
 
 .A.TJCT'IOIsr S.A.3L.E!S 
 
 IN THE LA.BOE SALE BOOM BELOW, 
 
 EVERY MONDAY AND THURSDAY. 
 
 THE LARGEST STOCK OF 
 
 1 
 
 m Sutuite h $iano j|od<J0 
 
 In the Dommion kept in this building, and sold at WHOLESALE PRICES, being the 
 
 WHOLESALE AGENT 
 
 For several of the PRINCIPAL FURNITURE MANUFACTURERS in Ontario, and of the 
 MOST EXTENSIVE PIANO FORTE MANUFACTURERS in New York and Boston. 
 
 HEI^.'^Y J. SHAW, 
 
 Majstaqkb Ain> PsOPBIBrOB. 
 *,* See opposite page 28 for view of interior of Mr. Shaw's great Piano and Fumiture Rooma 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 9 
 
 Fortunately the inhabitants were not exposed to much danjrer or suffering 
 at the liands of an enemy, and we question whether any fortified city ever fell 
 more easily into the hands of its captors, than did the <rood City of Montreal, 
 when on the morning of the 8th of September, 17W), Amherst's army entered with 
 colors flying and drums At the time of its sur- 
 
 render Montreal 
 
 ung 
 and drums 
 beating, to take possess- 
 ion of its forts and tow- 
 ers, and on that day from 
 its walls for the first time 
 was thrown to the breeze 
 the red banner of 
 land. 
 
 con- 
 tained about '5,000 in- 
 habitants. Passing fif- 
 t<3en years onwards, 
 Montreal is again threat- 
 ened. The American 
 Revolution had broken 
 
 BABE MEDALS COMMEMORATINO THE CAPTTKE OFT JCOJfTEZlX, 1760. 
 
 out, and one of the first movements of the Congress was to issue orders for the 
 conquest of Canada. 
 
 The command of the army intended for this purpose was given to General 
 Montgomery, who with 3,000 men besieged and took the forts at Chambly and St. 
 John. Governor Carlton (who was at Montreal i started for the relief of St. 
 Johns, but he was met at Longueuil by a party of Americans, who compelled him to 
 re-cross to Montreal. 
 
 On the first eruption of the American troops into Canada, General ^Montgomery 
 hiid detached Colonel Ethan Allen with 15U men to attack Montreal. On tlie 
 24th October, 1775, he crossed the River St. Lawnenoe, three miles below the 
 city, where he no sooner landed, than his approach was announced to General 
 Carlton, who assembled thirty regulars, and about two hundred militia of the 
 town, and put them under the command of Major Carden, who early next day 
 marched to Ijongue Point, where the Americans had taken post, possessing them- 
 selves of several houses and barns. An action commenced and lasted half an 
 hour, when Allen gave way, and the whole were taken prisoners. 
 
 Immediately upon the surrender of Fort St. Johns, Montgomery pushed on 
 to Montreal. In the meantime Governor Carlton assembled all his available 
 forces for the purpose of repairing to the defenc* of Quebec, and had just left 
 ^Montreal when Montgomery appeared before the city. 
 
 Tlie citizens, although knowing full well that their ruined walls would prove 
 no defence, determined to enforce, if possible, the obiser^ance of military custom 
 ere they surrendered, and while they had neither ammunition, artillery, troops, 
 nor provisions to withstand a siege, they drew up their own articles of capitula- 
 tion, which were accepted, and on the 13th November, 1770, at 9 o'clock, the 
 Continental troops took possession of the Recollet Gate, only, however, to retain 
 their position for a few brief months, when the old flag again floateJ from 
 " Citadel Hill." From this time onward, Montreal prospered, and extend od its 
 borders in every direction, so much so that in 1797 the city o'erleaped its former 
 
10 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 bounds, and the walls having become a decided nuisance, it was resolved to re- 
 move them. Commissioners were therefore ajipointcd, and in a few years the 
 work was completed. 
 
 While removing the old Fortifications, an interesting relic of early days was 
 discovered in one of the bastions. The old French Kalbard 
 thus discovered, belongs to a period dating back to the very 
 earliest history of the City, and we may picture to ourselves 
 the French sentry bearing this weapon while pacing to and 
 fro upon his beat within the old wooden palisades, or upon 
 the ramparts of the more modern v.alls. 
 
 By a proclamation of 7th May, 1792, the bounds of the 
 city and town of Montreal were fixed " to comprehend all that 
 tract or parcel of land, bounded in front by the River St. Law- 
 rence, in the rear by a line parallel to tlie general course of the 
 fortification walls in the rear of said town, at the distance of 
 one hundred chains from the Gate, commonly called St. 
 Lawrence Gate (near St. Lawrence and Fortification lane), 
 and bounded on the easterly or lowermost side, by a lino 
 running parallel to the general course of the fortification 
 walls on the easterly, or lowermost side of the said town, at 
 the distance of one hundred chains from the gate towards 
 „ ,^ ^„ ^ ^. the Quebec sulnirbs, commonly called the (iuebec Gate (near 
 
 Ancient Halbard found while -r\ n • ci v i • i " i • i i. 
 
 removing the old walls, i'alhousie Square), and in the westerly, or uppermost siflo by 
 a line running parallel to the general course of the fortifica- 
 tion walls of the said town, at the distance of one hundred chains from the gate 
 towards the St. Anthcmy suburbs, commonly called the Recollet Gate (Notre 
 Dame and McGill Streets), and that the said city and town of Montreal shall be 
 divided into two wards, to be called respectively the east and west wards. The 
 east ward shall comprehend all the easterly, or lowermost part of the said tract 
 described, bounded on the west or uppermost side by a line running through the 
 middle of the main street of the 't Lawrence suburbs and continuation thereof, 
 and through the middle of the streets called Congregation street and Notre Dame 
 street, and along the middle of the same, westerly to the middle of St. Joseph 
 street (now St. Sulpice), to the river ; and the west ward shall comprise all the 
 rest of the said tract or parcel of land within the limits aforesaid." 
 
 On 20th December, 1792, a notice appeared in the Quehor Gazctfc, announcing, 
 for the first time, a mail once in every fortnight, between Montreal and the neigh- 
 boring States ; the mails between Montreal and Quebec, at this time, being 
 weekly. 
 
 Up to 179f), no arrangements had been made towards securing a uniformity to 
 the streets, which were being rapidly built upon in the outskirts of the town, nor 
 had any suitable accommodation been provided for the sitting of the Courts of 
 Justice. The funds at the disposal of the Legislature were not sufficiently large 
 to justify them in authorizing the erection of a jail atid court-house, but the 
 British Government, by a spontaneous offer to advance the necessary means, by 
 way of a loan, enabled them to carry out this much needed improvement, liy 
 act of 3rd June, 1799, they authorized the appointment of a surveyor, " who 
 should draw plans of the city and land adjacent, and that commodious streets 
 .should be opened, and ground reserved for public squares." 
 
 In 1801 the first effort was made to supply the city with water. A company 
 was formed, vested with exclusive rights for 50 years. The plan proposed by 
 the company was to supply the city from a source in rear of the mountain, and 
 with this in view they expended large sums of money in laying down wooden 
 
PICTURE&QUE MONTREAL. 
 
 11 
 
 pipes. But the supply of water was so scanty, and tlic rudo pipes so liable to 
 leak or burst, that they failed to carry the plan into successful operation, and the 
 charter was subsequently sold to another company. 
 
 NOTEK DiiME STREET IN la04. 
 
 During the session of ISOo, an Act was passed, providing for the " improve- 
 ment of navigation between Quebec and ^Montreal, and the establishment of the 
 Trinity House," with important powers relating to navigation on tlie St. Tjaw- 
 rence. Arrangements were also made whereby the mails from Montreal for 
 Upper Canada should be despatched monthly. 
 
 Up to this time the only mode of conveyance between Montreal and Quebec 
 was by means of stages or batteaux, but the time had come when superior accom- 
 modation was to be provided. John Molson, Esq., an enterprising and spirited 
 merchant of Montreal, now titted out the first steamer that ever ploughed the 
 
12 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 water} oi the Sc I^wrenc^. On the ;3rd November, 1809, the little craft got up 
 steam, ihc* oat into the current, and, after a voyage of thirty-six hours' Siiiling, 
 arrived aielj at <iuebec, where the whole city crowded to have a look ut the 
 naatical phenomenoii. 
 
 It L» a £»eS worthy of record that the second steamer built on this continent 
 was laoDcfaed at MoatreaL Fulton's little steamer first navigated the Hudson ; 
 then Mol««>n'-* " Aeeommodation '' cleaved the magnificent waters of the !St Law- 
 rence. 
 
 Prerioos to the year 1815 no provision had been made for lighting the town, 
 akboogfa the matter had been suggested as early as 1811. It was agreed that 
 the cont would not be great, from the fact that the lamps would only be required 
 from the lat €fi Se*>teiuber to the end of November, and from 1st of March to the 
 end of Mikv. Another forcible argument Wivs that if the streets were properly 
 lighted^ the ladies might be induced to visit their friends much more frequently. 
 
 Nothia^r »»« drme until November, 1815, when, by the exertions of ^Ir. 
 Samne! l}»w»r^ and other gentlemen, that portion of St. Paul street, west of the 
 old market. Custom House Square) was hundwmely lighted by twenty-two lamps, 
 fixed at iiflT-foar feet distance from esicli other. The novelty of the thing had 
 its effect, and hcftes were entertained that other citizens might go and do like- 
 wise. Thcsse hc^es were soon to be realized, for in December of the same year 
 
 Aaier-. i^ 
 
 . rol- WmVtui Methodist Church, 
 
 (n'oT Medical Hall.) 
 
 GE£AT BT. JAKES STBEET IN 1837. 
 
 Banone do Pennlc, 
 (site of New Post Omc«.) 
 
 the inhabitantA of the ea«t end of St. Paul street, determining not to be outshone 
 by th«r neighbon. ftarted a subscription among themselves, and soon collected 
 sufficient to pnrrhase lamps and liglit their portion of the street. Notre Dame 
 street foQowed the bright example set, and a public meeting was called to take 
 
i 
 
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 ^ 
 
 a 
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 H 
 
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 ^ 
 
 3 
 
PICrriiJESQUE MONTREAL. 13 
 
 into consideration the udviMubility of ercctinf^ lamps on that street. The money 
 was raised and the hinips werc^ at oiiei- ]mt up.* 
 
 In LSlH a nij^ht watch was appointed. It consi.sted of twenty-four men, 
 their duties beint^ to attend to the triinininf^ and lighting of the lamps, and to 
 act as f»uardians of the city. 
 
 Passing over the intervening fourteen years, we arrive at 1882, when the bill 
 incorporating Montreal, wliich had been reserved for the royal pleasure, was 
 sanctioned and took etl'oct in the spring of the year, and Jacques Viger, Esq., was 
 appointed first ilayor of Montreal. The Act of Incorporation was limited in its 
 duration to the Ist May, 18;i6. 
 
 In 1S40 the charter of incorporation of the city (which had expired during 
 the years of the rebellion) was revived, and in 1844 the seat of Government was 
 removed from Kingston to Montreal. 
 
 The year IH'A) was a particularly dark year in the history of the city. Iliots, 
 extensive tires, and a general depression of trade, all tended to throw a gloom over 
 its inhabitants. 
 
 At the civic elections in May a disturbance took place in which several 
 persons were wounded. 
 
 This had scarcely been settled when a fire broke out on Saturday afternoon, 
 June loth, in a carpenter's shop situated at the corner of Nazareth and Gabriel 
 (now Ottawa) streets. Tlie conflagration spread with great rapidity, and before it 
 expended its fury, about five hundred persons were homeless. Several buildings 
 were blown iq), in hopes that the tire would thus be stayed. This, however, prov- 
 ed of but little avail. By this fire two hundred and seven houses were burned. 
 
 While the vast area ravaged by this tire was still encumbered with ruins, an 
 almost eqiuiUy disastrotis and extensive conflagration broke out in another part of 
 the city, and over one hundred and fifty houses were burned. 
 
 In 1852, June 7th, over one hundred buildings were also destroyed by fire, and 
 about (me month later (July J)th) a second conflagration occurred, ;iiid 1,100 
 houses were burned. The city, however, speedily recovered from these calamities, 
 and a finer class of buildings with wider streets now occupy the site of the burn- 
 ed localities. 
 
 ^lontreal of the present day is far diff'ercnt to that of fifty or even twenty 
 years ago. The spirit of improvement has been in most active and eflicient 
 operation, and at the present shows no symptoms of languor or decline. A few 
 years ago St. Paul, Notre Dame, and other business streets, were narrow thorough- 
 fares, and were occupied by buildings which were plain in the extreme, the iron 
 doors and shutters, which were almost universal, giving the city a heavy, prison- 
 like appearance ; but these buildings were erected to meet dangers not dreaded 
 in the present day. The old landmarks which still remain, point us to a time 
 when the inhabitmits had to provide against the assavdts of enemies or the torch 
 of the incendiary ; or, still more distant, to the early wars between the Indian 
 tribes and the first settlers. These ancient buildings are nearly all destroyed, 
 and their site is now occupied by palatial stores and dwellings, in almost every 
 conceivable style of architecture. Again, we find that where a few years ago 
 orchards and fields of grain were planted, is now closely built upon, and the 
 streets which have been laid out in various directions are being rapidly filled with 
 elegant houses. 
 
 A quarter of a century of active development has passed, and to-d^y Montreal 
 
 stands second to no city upon the continent for the solidity and splendor of build- 
 
 r^ings erected for commercial and other purposes, and in the extent of accommoda- 
 
 The cost of these lamps, ready for use, was }7 each. 
 
14 ' PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 tioB at the imineiiHo whurvcs which lino the river front, und which uppeur to be 
 boilt to lawt lor ages. 
 
 " The remainH of gigantic public works in connection with the cities of the 
 East are the standing thomo of wonder with travellers and historians. Grout 
 moles, breakwaters, aqueducts, canals, pyramids, and immense edifices, strikingly 
 eriace the enterprise, skill, and wealth of those people, whose very names arc lost 
 in the obscurity of ages. Modern architecture and engineering are much more 
 •superficial. How much, for instance, of modem London, New York, or Chicago 
 ■would survive twenty or thirty centuries of desolation ? The wooden wharves of 
 Siie latter, which contrast so strangely with the immense extent of the comniorco 
 taiTTied on at them, would not survive a hundred years of neglect. It is, however, 
 worthy of remark, that Montreal is rather following the ancient than the modern 
 ill respect to the solidity and extent of her public works. The Victoria Bridge is 
 tJie wonder of the world ; the extensive wharves are not equalled in this continent, 
 and by but four cities in Europe, and nowhere can finer or more solid public 
 Wildings be found." 
 
 While we view with pride the rapid progress made during the past few years 
 m-e remember that appearances point to a still greater advancement in the future. 
 Montreal possesses advantages which no other Canadian city can boast of : " In its 
 situation, at the confluence of the two greatest rivers, the St. Lawrence and 
 <>Ttawa ; opposite the great natural highway of the Hudson and Champlain 
 valley ; at the point where the St Lawrence ceases to be navigable for ocean ships, 
 and where that great river, for the last time in its course to the sea, affords a 
 gigantic water power ; at the meeting point of the two races that divide Canada, 
 and in the centre of a fertile plain nearly as large as all England, — in these we 
 reciognize a guarantee for the future greatness of Montreal, not based on the frail 
 1*»iiure of human legislation, but in the unchanging decrees of the Eternal, as 
 stamped on the world He has made. 
 
 " We know, from the study of these indications, that were Canada to be again 
 a wilderness, and were a second Cartier to explore it, he might wander over all 
 liie great regions of Canada and the West, and returning to our Mountain ridge, 
 call it again Mount Royal, and say that to this point the wealth and trade of 
 Canada must turn."* 
 
 The growth of the city has been so rapid that within the past few years the 
 boundaries have been extended, and the area thus added is now being rapidly 
 built upon. 
 
 The facilities afforded by the street railway has led to the expansion of the 
 population towards the city limits, and even beyond them, and it is difficult to 
 mark the distinction between the city and the villages of the outlying munici- 
 palities. 
 
 Whilst the enterprise of private parties is successfully employed in promoting 
 the progress of Montreal, both as regards embellishment and educational interests, 
 a* well as the comfort and convenience of its inhabitants, the city authorities are 
 not neglectful of their duties. 
 
 The past few years have been distinguished by an extension of improvements 
 and accommodation unprecedented in any former period. Indeed the extension 
 of the main thoroughfares of the city, together with other actual and projected 
 improvements, have kept pace with the increased population and opulence of its 
 inbabitants. Various Acts of Parliament have been progressively passed, and 
 •etion has at different times been taken by the authorities, which are calculated 
 to substantiate such alterations in the interior and exterior relations of the city 
 
 * Dr. Dawson's address before the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1857. 
 
 \ 
 
» 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 16 
 
 and its suburbs as might bo judged nocessury, expedient und ornamental. Many 
 important improveinonts have accordingly been etfected ; others are in a state of 
 progressive accomplishment, and some still remain to be entered upon. In con- 
 tinnation of this, wo would point to the numerous scjuares which have been open- 
 ed, the widening of such streets as St. James, Notre Dame and others. Tlie im- 
 mense masses of buildings, public and private, which have since been erected in 
 various parts, and which are still increasing ; the newly created neighborhood of 
 Point St. Charles, and St. Jean Baptiste Village, while the district extending 
 towards the Tanneries des Hollands is now united with the city. 
 
 In the city of the present it is difficult to recognize that of even fifty years ago. 
 Little of " Ville Maria" now remains. Some of the narrow and crookc^d streets 
 of the early days remain, and here and there a quaint-looking building may bo 
 observed standing as a link between tho past and present. 
 
 The boundaries of tho city proper have been so extended that regions 
 heretofore regarded as swamps and quagmires, (.f an apparently irreclaimable 
 character, are now the sites of elegant mansions and blocks of comfortable 
 dwellings of smaller dimensions. 
 
 The advance is not alone in material extension or increased area ; for a toiir 
 through the city reveals a degree of taste in tho exterior structure, und of 
 elegance in the interior arrangement and decoration, that indicate a correspond- 
 ing advance in refinement and taste. 
 
 The buildings erected for mercantile purposes are likewise indicative of pro- 
 gress in another direction, viz., in commercial importance and wealth:'' In 
 dimensions, architectural beauty, and costliness, they are scarcely surpassed by 
 those of the largest cities in the United States. 
 
 We have now passed through the principal incidents which form the history 
 of the city. Looking back over a space of two hundred and thirty-three years, 
 and comparing its present situation, surrounded by all the beauties of civiliza- 
 tion and intelligence, with the cheerless prospect which awaited the European 
 settlers whose voices first startled the stillness of the forest, or looking back but 
 one hundred and fifteen years to the time when a second form of Government 
 was inaugurated, and people of a different language entered into possession of 
 the country, or taking a nearer point of comparison, and viewing the city as it 
 appeared but fifty years ago, and estimating the proud pre-eminence over all 
 i those periods which is now enjoyed in civil relations, and in the means of social 
 I happiness, gratitude should be felt to the Author of all good, that these high 
 
 {)rivilege8 are granted ; and the citizens should resolve that they will, individual- 
 y, and as a community, strive to sustain the purity and moral tone of its institu- 
 Itions, and leave them unimpaired to posterity. 
 
OUR FIRST D '.Y'S PLEASURE TOUR. 
 
 IE "hnll presume that our tourist friends have already located themselves 
 ut one of the several hotels of the city, and are now prepared to start 
 with us on our tirst tour of inspection. Of course, it is the intention 
 ,_,„„^^ to >'isit all points of interest, therefore we purpose dividing the city and 
 suburbs into three sections, making each section the ground for one day's pleas- 
 ure and sight-seeing. It vriW be undenstood, at the outset, that our purpose is to 
 include, in each tour, every public building or point of interest, and not to leave 
 
 Site of T. M. C. A. BaUding. 
 
 Bite of yueen'8 SUtje. 
 VICTORIA SQUAEE Df 1870. 
 
 Old .St. Patrick's Hall. 
 
 unvisited any place worthy of a stranger's notice. This neces.sarily requires 
 tune, and therefore we shall proceed at once to secure the services of one of the 
 many respectable hackmen of the city. We shall experience no difficulty in 
 
PlCTUliESq UE MONTItEA L. 
 
 17 
 
 wearing ii comlDrtiiblo convuyiuico, us tho Ciiniifliim ciirriupfo is kept with Hcru- 
 pulous lU'iitiK'ss. Till' flrivrrs aro your willing and ohliging Ncrvants, knowing 
 ovcry incli of the nmto hy whith they convey you, and tlu; chargcH, unliko 
 Ainorican coaching fares, do not spoil the fairest prospects by threatening total 
 ruin to your Hnanccs. 
 
 To avoid misunderstanding, wo give, on tlic last page of this work, the legal 
 tariff" fixed by the (;ivie iluthorities. Kach driver is required to have a copy of 
 tliis tariff, and to produce the same if requiri'd. 
 
 Everything ready, we shall commence our day's sight-seeing, and make our 
 starting i»nint the western end of St. James street, from the s(|uare known as 
 
 VKTORIA SUIAKP:, 
 
 whicli was formerly known as (\)mmissioners Square, and was then devoid of any 
 ornament, and so neglected that it tended much to mar the appearanc(> of that 
 part of the city in \\\\iv\\ it is situated In the centre of the square stood a firo 
 engine house (tho Union), which was removed about the time of the visit of tho 
 Prince of Wales. The name of the .square was changed by the Council at u 
 meeting held shortly before the visit of tho Prince (18(50). \i is neatly laid out, 
 the centre beiiig occupied by a large fountain. This scjuare is divided by Craig 
 street into two sections. In the section nearest to, and facing McGill Street, 
 stands the 
 
 STATIE OF HER MAJESTY QUEEN VKTORIA. 
 
 This work of art (procured by a subscription among the citizens) is from tho 
 studio of ;Mr. ]\[arshall Wood, and was formally i)resentcd to the city by H. E. 
 the Goveror-General, on the 21st November, 1S72. Tho ct)st of the' statue was 
 about $;{,000, — together with the pedestal, th'^ latter the gift of the Corporation. 
 
 Facing the statue, and on the opposite side 
 of the street, are the Albert Buildings, a beau- 
 tiful block of warehouses, probably not excelled 
 by any in the Dominion. A portion of the 
 building is occupied by the Mechanics' Pank. 
 We now leave McGill street, and enter St. 
 James street, which is the ^riniipul thorough- 
 , fare of the city, paved vvith Pallard pave- 
 ment, and lined with fine buildings, occujiied 
 las stores or commercial ofHces. We pass a 
 [large building forming the left hand corner 
 [of St. James and McGill streets, and occupied 
 l)y Messrs. Morgan Sc Co., as a dry goods 
 warehouse. This is built on the site of the old 
 Lmerican Church, erected in 1825, and torn 
 
 lown in 18(55. A few doors beyond this are tho ofHces of the Montreal, Port- 
 md, and Bo.ston Railway, while directly opposite is the ( )ttawa Hotel. 
 
 At the corner of Dollard street is ii beautiful stone edifice, in which is the 
 lewellery establishment of Messrs. Savage, Lyman & Co. (establi.shed IS 18), a 
 place of great attraction to strangers. It is 95 feet by 50, 4 stories high, and is 
 itted up with the greatest taste, and every convenience. Here may be found the 
 itest styles of jewelery, gems, bronzes, and works of art. 
 
 At the corner c St. Peter street stands the Mechanics' Hall. This building 
 
 in the Italian style of architecture, and consists of three divisions : tho centre 
 
 iving a portico with columns and rusticated pillars on the lower story. Tho 
 
 ALIiEUT I1UII.1)I.\GS. 
 
18 
 
 PICrURESQUE MONTUKA L. 
 
 pillars and quoins aro ornamoiiii'd, and the windows on St. Jainos slroiit liavo 
 _ nioiddod coniii'o.s. Tlio lil)riir\N>t' (he histitiilo 
 
 L'ontains 5,000 
 
 and t) 
 
 OLP AJIKRICAN rlUTllCH. 
 
 volunioM, and liio reading room 
 is siipplii'd witli Mrilish, Uniti'd Stales, and 
 ('anadian papers and periodicals. 
 
 The Ticket Oflicos of llie South Kust(!rn 
 Railway Ct)nipany are on the ground lloorot' tlie 
 buildinp;. 
 
 On the opposite side of St. .James street, is 
 the 
 
 MKKC'HANTs' HANK. 
 
 The fi;eneral dosij^n of the huilding is of 
 modern Italian character, the hasement heiiifj; 
 rusticated, and built of ^n\\ Halifax <,'ranite, 
 while the rest of the building is Ohio sandstone, with polished I'eterhead gran- 
 ite columns at the principal entrance. Internally, the arrangt^ment is somewhat 
 ])Oculiar, the general banking ofllce being arranged at the back of the building, 
 approached by a central corridor from the street. It is a handsonu^lv <l(>signed 
 room, about HO feet by 50 feet, and 42 feet high, paved with tesselatcd tiles, 
 with galleries for head clerks, Ac, on two sides. Out of tliis main banking 
 office, which is titted up in the most elaborate style, are the strong rooms, which 
 have been designed and constructwl with the utmost possible care, to ensure the 
 sjifety of their contents against tire and thieves, no expense having beoji spared 
 to make them as perfect as possible. 
 
 We now ])ass to the right, across St. Peter street, to the Molson's Ihmk. It 
 is built entirely of Ohio sandstone, and is three stories in height, with a lofty 
 basement. The style is that known as the Italian, and is highly ornamented. 
 On the two upper stories of the front on St. James street, are richly carved 
 wreaths of flowers, fruit, i*cc. The main entrance on the same street, is through 
 a portico, supported by highly polished colunnis of Scotch granite. Similar 
 columns of smaller dimensions are placed above these, and extend to the third 
 story. The front is surmounted by a richly carved shield, bearing the arms of 
 the Molson family, and su})ported by two female figures, the wht)l(> being execu- 
 ted in sandstone. The building is finished with a ^lansard roof, surmounted by 
 a fancy iron railing. The banking room occu])ies the ground floor. St Peter 
 street, which here crosses St. James, is one of 
 the old-fashioned narrow streets of ]\Iontreal, 
 and a first glance would scarcely induce the 
 tourist to deviate from his onward course ; 
 but having done so, and crossed Notre Dame 
 street, he is at once struck with the beauty 
 and solidity of the warehouses bj' which it is 
 lined, and as many equally narrow streets 
 open out on either hand, he will notice, that 
 they, too, are occupied by buildings which 
 cannot be surpassed by any erected for mer- 
 cantile purposes on this continent. We can- 
 not stop to notice all the buildings, but pro- 
 minent among those seen just after passing 
 Xotre Dame street, is the " Caverhill Block." 
 
 This street formerly led to that well known point of interest, which to our fair 
 
 CAVERHILL S BLOCK. 
 
PlCTUHESqUE MONTREAL. li> 
 
 " American coiisiiiH " wu.s fh(^ uU iiiiportiiiit iiiHtitulioii, the Urey Nunnery. Jiut 
 hiisincsH. lil«' tiiiio, up])('iirH to 1h« rcjj;ardl('HH of all cHorts to stay its onward 
 (•(Hirsc, ;in(l the voncnil)lc old (-loiHtcr and cliiipfl, ulurc Madanit; Yoiivillc, in 
 1747, coninu'iuicd hor Inljor.s in bolialf of tlie foundlinj^s, and the poor of the city, 
 has ahnost t'iitiri>ly disappeared, and over tlie sit(! of the " (.'hapel " now rumble 
 tlie wlieels of vans und carria^'es, laden with the merchandise of foreij,^n lands. 
 A few years aj;;o the "Sisters" removed to their beautiful new buildinjj on Ouy 
 street, and the exlension of St. Peter street through the old site, is now lined 
 willi siil)taiilia[ and lofty warehouses. At the foot of the street, on the river 
 front, stand tlie ofKces of the "Allan Line of Steamships," and at the Dock may 
 i)e seen the vessels of that line. 
 
 Adjoining tlu! Allan ofliei^s, is the new structure ju.st completed for the 
 Harbor Conunissioners, and by its side is, now in course of erection, a block of 
 massive and substantial stone buildings to be used by the Customs Department, 
 as Kxamining Warehouses. 
 
 We return to St. James stn^et, and notice that at this point commences a 
 row of l)uildings, differing in architecture, but forming a series of edifices not 
 to be excelled in any city. The first we notice is the new building of the 
 
 CANAUA I.IKK ASSIRANCE TO. 
 
 whieli IS built of ( )liio sandstone. The granite columns wh 'f^b ornament the facade 
 are of granite procured in the I'rovince of Nova Scotia. This stone bids fair 
 to take the ])lace of the celebrated Scotch granite, possessing as it does all the 
 beauty and durability of the latter, with the advantage of cheapness and facility 
 for speedy delivery. Adjoining this building is a lofty and elaborate structure, 
 
 THK ( ITV AND DISTRICT SAVINGS BANK. 
 
 witli a frontage on St. James street of 64 feet only, but extends along St. John 
 street over lUO feet. The building is four stories in height, and three of these 
 stories are fire proof. The banking offices are in the lower stories, the upper 
 being occupied by the British American Bank Note Company. 
 Across St. John street is 
 
 THE BARRON BLOCK. 
 
 This is without doubt one of the largest, if not the largest block in the city, erect- 
 ed for commercial purposes. It is four stories in height and built entirely of 
 Montreal stone. The first story is composed of flutetl Corinthian columns, 
 detached from the pier behind, and the columns of the upper stories are similar 
 in efiect but engaged. Each column has richly carved caps. The building is 
 surmounted by a bold massive cornice of handsome design, alxjve which arises 
 the mansard roof. 
 
 While examining this building, we have passed a number on the opposite side 
 which are equally deserving our notice. 
 
 First in order is the 
 
 ST. .TAMES STREE'I", OR ('NTRE METHODIST CHURCH, 
 
 [an elegant building in the the florid Gothic style, and one of the ornaments of 
 
 the city. It is the largest Methodist church in Montreal, and with one or two 
 
 [exceptions, the largest in Canada. Its size is 111 by 7^5 feet, and it was erected 
 
 lat a cost of about $60,000. The interior is entirely surrounded by large gal- 
 
20 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 lerics, and will comfortably seat over 2,500 persons. The arrangement of the 
 interior is unique and beautiful, the pulpit especially being a fine specimen of 
 
 Gothic carved work, and is entirely of solid 
 rosewood. Within the altar rail-s i.s a finely 
 carved font in white marble. Many of the most 
 important meetings of the various Protestant 
 religious societies are held in this building ; 
 and ujjon the occasion of anniversary .services, 
 and more particularly upon New Year's morn- 
 ing of each year, when the Sabbath-school 
 childror of the ditl'erent Methodist churches 
 are assembled within its walls, the scene is '>ne 
 of great interest, and is not easily forgotten 
 by those privileged to witness it. 
 
 On the same side of the street, and almost 
 adjoining the church, is the new building of the 
 
 citizens' li:SUR.\NCE COMP.iXY, 
 
 ^r A lofty structure built of sandstone. This 
 building forms a very important addition to 
 the street architecture in this locality. A 
 few doors beyond, is the building belonging 
 to the Standard Life Assurance Company. It 
 
 is very neat in appearance, and is also built of sandstone. 
 
 We now reach the St. Lawrence Hall, a well-known hotel, largely patronized, 
 
 and well kept. In the building adjoining this hotel are the Ticket Offices of 
 
 the Grand Trunk Railway, and also of the Lake Champlain Steamers. Opposite 
 
 is the 
 
 ST. JAMES STKEET METHOlJisT CllUKCII. 
 
 BANK OP BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. 
 
 It is of the composite style of architecture, and is built entirely of cut stone. 
 It is not remarkable for any great bold- 
 ness in design, but cannot fail to attract 
 attention for its solidity. The banking 
 room occupies the whole of the ground 
 floor, and is very spacious and light in 
 appearance. The upper part of the build- 
 ing is occupied as offices for the several 
 dei^artments. 
 
 The Central Vermont Ticket Office 
 will be found in the building adjoining 
 the Bank, and tourists who may not have 
 secured round trip tickets, will do well 
 to see Mr Picard, (he gentlemanly 
 agent of this line, and may rely upon 
 correct information and polite attention. 
 Forming the corner of St. Francois Xav- 
 ier street, is the building which, al- 
 though for some years unsuitable, has nevertheless done service a.8 a Post Office. 
 At the time of its erection it was considered quite ample in extent, but the rapid 
 growth of the city has long since demanded more spacious premises. This re- 
 
 BAMK OV BRITISH NOBTU AMBBIC*. 
 
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AD VKRTI8EMENTS. 
 
 WHOLESOME 
 
 READING 
 
 AT THE 
 
 MONTREAL BOOK ROOM, 
 
 No. 208 St. James Street, next duildino east of the "Witness" Office. 
 
 Standard Lit(>rary, Thcolos'ic-iil and Miscellaneous Works, Divinity Tejtt Books, Sunday School Li- 
 braries and Prize Books, Bibles, Hymn Books, Musi(! Books, School and College Books, Bagstcr 
 Bibles, Commentaries, Biofrraphies, Fancy Stationery, Engravings, Chromo Cards and Mottoes, 
 Stereoscope Views and Glasses, Ace, iSc(!. 
 
 1^ The celebrated BABY SHOW, A PHOTOGRAPH of FIFTY BABIES, taken from life. 
 Framing- size 14x18. Price $1.50 and $3. A Stereoscope View of the same, price 20c. Catalogue 
 to any address on application. Canvassers wanted everywhere. 
 
 C. W. COA.TE§, Manaoeb. 
 
 J", o. :f>..^p^i^S3 
 
 JPHOTOGMAJPMEM, 
 
 — and — 
 
 Publi^liei^ of ^tefeo^dopid Yiew^^, 
 
 American, Canadian, Scotch and Irish Views, 
 
 195i ST. JAMES STREET, MONTREAL. 
 Me. Parks' Studio being situated midway between the two principal Hotels of the city (the St. 
 Lawrence Hall and Ottawa Hotel), makes it very convenient for tourists. The Gallery is replete 
 with choice specimens of art, and an hour or two can bo pleasantly and profitably spent therein. 
 Mr. Parks has been the successful competitor at the principal exhibitions in Canada, and holds many 
 first class prizes. A visit from tourists is requested. Prices as low as consistent for first class speci- 
 mens of the art. 
 
 T. ROBINSOISr 
 
 DEALER IN 
 
 Coal Oil, Lamp Goods, Paints, 
 
 Painting f Paper Hangings, &c,, 
 
 £23 :exe\:Lir3^ Stireet, 
 
 MONTREAL. 
 
AD VERTISEMENTS. 
 
 1-20 H. 8^:^:1)^:118. Optician, V20 
 
 The C-;iebrat«i Binocular Opkua, Field, Ra(E, or Mari.nk (ji.a.ssks, with Sun 
 iS'iSiade and Powerful Achrouiatic Leuses. 
 
 SPECTACLES AXD EYEGLASSES of every description, to suit all sights. 
 
 TELESCOPES. 
 
 Aneroid Bonimetiers. 
 
 Microscopes, Compasses, 
 Drawing Instruments. 
 
 Magnifrin^ Glasses, Sur- 
 Tering Instruments. 
 
 Tape Measures. 
 
 Barometeri^ Thermometers, 
 Claod Laarain Glasses. 
 
 Watch Aneroid Barometers 
 
 The size of a Watch and 
 
 very little thicker. ,i 
 
 Theae Instruments accurate- 1 
 ly foretell coming weather 
 
 and are most useful to ^ 
 
 Tourists iu ascertaining | 
 
 the altitude of mountains. | 
 
 Stereoscopes and Views of 
 Montreal. 
 
 H. Sandei\s, Optician. 
 
 Xo. I20 ST. JAMES ST., OPPOSITE NEW POST OFFICE, MONTREAL. 
 
 gf C^aoted Catakigne, Gratis and Post Free, on application, to all parts of the World- 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 21 
 
 quiremcnt lias at length been provided for, and on the opposite corner stands 
 an elegant structure. 
 
 THE NEW POST OFFICE 
 
 This building has a frontage on St. James street of 1*20 feet, and on St. 
 Franf;ois Xavier street of 9'.* feet. It is built wholly of Montreal grey stone. 
 The farade on St. James street has an imposing appearance, the ground storey 
 being in the Doric style, and the second and third having full carved Corin- 
 thian columns of rich design. The facade on St. Francois Xavier street is in 
 keeping with St. James street, having Corinthian pilasters, and finished in other 
 respects similar to the main front. 
 
 The top cornice on these fronts is of rich finish, and the roof and towers arc 
 in French style. The centre tower terminates above the mansard roof, with a 
 massive cornice and cresting. The tower will contain a large clock having three 
 
 POST OFFICE, WITJI THE " MONTREAL " BANK. 
 
 faces. The interior is finished in a style corresponding with the exterior, and 
 cverv jinssible convenience is supplied for properly conducting the immense 
 
 postal business connected with the city. 
 Adjoining the new Post Office is the 
 
 B.\XK OF MONTUEAL, 
 
 the finest public building in the city, and not excelled by any banking institu- 
 tion in America. It is built in the Corinthian style of architecture, and has a 
 frontage on St. James street of over 100 feet, and extends to Fortification lane, 
 
22 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 in the rear. The main huilding stands back from the street about twenty feet. 
 The entrance is by a portico supported by immense columns of cut stone. These 
 are surmounted by a pediment. 
 
 The sculpture on the pediment, is fifty-two feet long, and weighs over twenty- 
 five tons, there being twenty different pieces. The figures are colossal — eight 
 feet in height for a human figure — and are placed at an elevation of fifty feet 
 from the ground. The arms of the bank, with the motto " Concordia Snhts," 
 forms the centre of the group. On each side, rin-d-ris, is seated a North 
 American Indian. One of these is a perfect illustration of the poet's conception : 
 " \Mien wild in woods the noble savage ran." The other has made some pro- 
 gress, and points his finger to the fruits of civilization beside him, by way of 
 enforcing the argument he is maintaining with his swarthy brother. The other 
 two figures are a settler and sailor on either side, the former with a calumet, or 
 pipe of peace in his hand, reclining upon logs, and surrounded by the implements 
 and emblems of industry, the spade, the plough, the locomotive engine ; literature 
 and music putting in a modest appearance in the distance in the shape of a book 
 and a lyre. The settler is the very type of a backwoodsman, of stalwart frame, 
 rough and ready; and the sailor, on the other side ,i8 not less effective as a 
 specimen of a British tar. He is pulling at a rope, and is appropriately encom- 
 passed by the emblems of commerce. The whole sculpture is cut in Binny 
 stone, and its light hue brings it into fine relief when placed against the dark 
 blue tinge of the Montreal stone. The work was executed by Mr. John Steel, 
 R. S. A., Her Majesty's sculptor in Scotland. 
 
 We are now in the presence of the " lion " sight of Montreal, the " Parish 
 Church of Xotre Daine," but before describing it let us glance at a few of the many 
 fine buildings which surround us on every hand. For this purpose we cannot do 
 better than pause in front of the Bank of Montreal. IJefore us is the Place 
 d' Armes. or French Square, as it is more familiarly designated. In early days this 
 was a parade ground on which doubtless, the gallants and dames of 1700, oft-times 
 as.sembled to witnes>s the military displays made by the French troops under De 
 Ramezay, Frontenac, or Vaudreuil. This square has also, in still earlier days, 
 witnessed the hand-to-hand fight between the savage Indian and the French 
 settler, while from the belfry of the old Parish Church rang forth tlie tocsin of 
 alarm to call the settlers from the outskirts of Ville Marie to the help of their com- 
 panions. The old church we here refer to stood in part of this square. Its founda- 
 tions were laid in 1671. The church was built of rough stone, pointed with 
 mortar, and had a high, pitched roof, covered with tin. It was a spacious building, 
 and contained five altars. At the grand altar was an immense wooden image of 
 our Saviour on the Cros;s. This cross may now be seen on the front of one of the 
 galleries, near the grand altar, of the new church. The church was dedicated to 
 the Virgin Mary. The square is now enclosed with a neat iron railing, on a 
 stone foundr.tion ; a fountain is erected in the centre, and handsome entrance 
 g^tes are erected at the four comers. The stone posts on either side of the gates 
 are surmounted by a shield with the arms of the city, cut in stone. Although 
 the square is but small, yet it forms a pleasant resort in the summer months, 
 when the trees are clothed with green, and the grape vines and flowers, carefully 
 cultivated and trained, afford pleasing recollections of the country to the passers- 
 by. Seats are placed round the fountain and beneath the trees, and on warm 
 summer days the poor invalid may be seen enjoying the music of the falling 
 waters, and the odors of the flowprs. On either side of the square are buildings 
 which, for solidity and architectural beauty are unsurpassed in Canada. These 
 buildings are chiefly devoted to banking and insurance offices. That which 
 inunediatelj adjoins the Bank of Montreal is 
 
AD VFJi riSEMENTS. 
 
 a-^K'i'^' a^uf^vK^^fiiK^^'^ aoof)^. 
 
 wmmm m. st iiw , 
 
 FIRST-CLASS 
 
 iljitl aub Mdlu W<inukihxn 
 
 ? 
 
 AS TESTIFIED 
 
 BY THE 
 
 Majority of Genttaen 
 
 IN 
 
 MONTREAL 
 
 AS WELL AS 
 
 THROUGHOUT 
 
 THE 
 
 DOMINION 
 
 IlwIFOI^TEI?, OF 
 
 FEANK B. STEEET, 
 
 185 St. James Street, 
 
 {Ad/oining Methodist Church), 
 
 MOHTHEAL. 
 
yt I) VEU TISEMEyTS. 
 
 irr6. CENTENNIAL. ist6. 
 
 TAKE THE OLD AND POPULAR ROITE VIA 
 
 t 
 
 
 + * 
 
 '•^cc^- 
 
 1 t 
 
 Tbt onlj" line runniug Piillinau Piiliuo Drawinjf RiK>in anJ Slo«-piug Cars botwccii Montrt'iil niul 
 
 BoNtoii, aud &[nntrral and 8prin}fti«-Id. 
 
 Wajnifr's now and ologant Palarc Drawinir Rnom and 81ocpiji<r Cars, 
 
 Si. Albans to New Yoi-k Withmii Change. 
 EXCURSION TICKETS 
 
 VIA THB 
 
 ^©Elfiil Y'efiioEt paili'oai 
 
 Aud coiinoctiug lines by '2') different rout**. 
 
 In addition to all othor inducements, ask our Agents for « 
 
 Cent cjiiiilal t-ocl^ingr Houiiia Cli*eiiTai** 
 
 And buy your tickets from thcni for board while in Philadelphia, thus saving all the trouble- aiid 
 nimoyaucc of looking up a place on arrival. Elegant aiH-omniiMlations at low rates. Full iufonua- 
 
 tiou can be obtained at 
 
 130 ST. JAMES STREET, 1IOXTRE4L.. 
 
 L. MILLLS, F. PICARD, 
 
 Gen. Supt. TrafHc, St. Albans, Vermont. Ticket Agent. 
 
 ESTA-BIilSHEID 1823. 
 
 J STARKE & CO, 
 
 OBnsrEi?.A.iL, 
 
 A A'. 
 
 eiief'^rrese 
 
 4 
 
 HV STEAM POWER. 
 
 AT THE OLD STAND 
 
 MOHTBEAL. 
 
 Mercanlilt Priutiiif^, Book Priutiii^, Linv Printing, FatiiV Printing, and cTiry doscription 
 of Typography exccutid ntatly and promptly at Jieasonablc Pates. 
 
PIC TUn luSil I 'K MOX Th'JLl L. 
 
 23 
 
 THE CITY DANK. 
 
 THE CITY HANK, 
 
 u pluiu but substuuliiil stone buildinji^ of the Doric order, (hroo stories in lieighl, 
 the eentro portion of tlio buildin}^ 
 beiiij,' fnniicd of two rows of stone eol- 
 iinnis, betwi'cii tlie lower of wbieh is 
 tlic ciilriincc to (lie banking,' ollicos. 
 
 At (he ciMiU'r of St. .liiniL's street 
 Mild Place d'Arnies Hill is tlie building 
 (it' the liifc Association of Scotland, a 
 lofty edifice of sandstone. On the left 
 hand side (tf Place d'Arnies is tbo ^ 
 .Iac(iues ('artier Mank, a beautifnl new £^ 
 biiildiny, well executed in (he modern 
 I'reneh Kenuissunco style, four stories 
 in heitiflit, with high numsard roof. 
 Adjoining this is the "Masonic Hull," 
 or " Muir's Uuildings." 
 
 On the opposite side of the square 
 stands the 
 
 ONTAKIO ItANK, 
 
 a buihling in the pure Italian style of architecture, chaste and simple in '"ts fea- 
 tures, yot producing a handsome fa(;ade. 
 
 Next is the building occupied by " La Banque Rationale ; " and forming the 
 corner of St. James street and the square, is the handsome edifice of the Liver- 
 pool, London it Globe Lisurance Co. 
 
 But from our position wo look across the square and sec, rising above all sur- 
 rounding buildings, the lofty and massive towers of the Parish Church of Notre 
 Dame, or " The Cathedral," as it is erroneously designated by many. Like a 
 giant auKmg pigmies, it raises aloft its twin towers of stone, from which, ever 
 and anon, jieals forth the niusic of sweet-toned bells, or occasionally the deep 
 roll of the " Gros Bourdon," or great bell, which is suspended within the 
 western tower. For miles distant these towers may be discerned, and its world- 
 wide reputation naturally makes it the centre of attraction to the tourist. 
 
 This church was commenced in 1S24, and was opened on the loth July, LS29. 
 The building is of Gothic architecture, and has no superior on the continent of 
 North Anu;rica. The length of the church from east to west is 225 feet 6 inches, 
 and its breadth from north to south, is 134 feet (i inches. On St. Sulpice street, 
 the height from the street to the caves is (Jl feet. On the west front, it has two 
 towers 220 feet high. The space between the towers is 73 feet by 120 feet in 
 height. The building will accommodate 10,000 persons. The eastern window 
 at the high altar is G-4 feet in height, by 32 in breadth ; it is separated by shafts 
 into five compartments, and subdivided by muUions into u(j divisions. The por- 
 tal is formed by an arcade of three arches, each 1!) feet by 4!) in height. From 
 this arcade are the entrances to the church, and over the arcade are three niches, 
 ia which are placed statues. 
 
 In the south west tower is placed the largest bell in America, weighing 
 29,400 lbs., while the other tower contains a chime of bells. Admission may be 
 gained to the south-west tower every day (except Sunday) during the summer, 
 and from the summit the spectator has a delightful and extensi\'e view of the 
 city, the river, and surrounding country. 
 
 Adjoining the church, and facing Notre Dame street, is the venerable 
 
24 
 
 PICTUllESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 SEMINARY OF ST. SL'LrifE, 
 
 which WU8 foundwl about the year l<»o7, by the Abb«'QueluH, wlio then arrived 
 from France, coniniissioncil by the Seminary of St. Sulpice at l*ari«, to superin- 
 tend the settlement and cultivation of their projK-rty on the Island of Montreal, 
 and also to erect u seminary upon the plan of that ut I'aris. His instructions 
 were so well fulfilled that the establishment he fonni-d has existed until the pres- 
 ent time, modified by many and great improvements. 
 
 A portion of the building originally erected for this institution still stands 
 near the comer of Notre Dame and St. Fnuirois Xavier streets, and forms u 
 striking contrast to the magnificent buildings by which it is almost entirely sur- 
 rounded ; yet to the antiquarian it is one qf the principal points of interest, being 
 the oldest building now standing. There is a public clock in front of the build- 
 ing eqiiolly celebrat4}d for its antiquity. We, however, expect that the time- 
 honored walls, which have Vithstood the summer sun and wint<;r storms for now 
 over 200 years, will soon have to make way for more modern structures. A 
 change in this direction has lx»en already made — a portion having been removed 
 to make room for the new building now occupied by the Hochelaga Uank. The 
 old Seminary was the same shape as at present, \\z. : fonning three sides of a 
 square, 132 feet by 90 feet deep, and had attiiched spacious gardens and grounds, 
 extending 342 feet on Notre Dame street, and 444 feet on St. Francois Xavier 
 street. 
 
 Opposite the old Seminary is a building used as a library and lecture hall. 
 It is known as the " Circle Literaire." This forms the corner of the " Wall 
 street " of Montreal, St. Franrois Xavier street, which we now enter, passing 
 between two very handsome structures, — the Hochelaga Bank just referred to, 
 and the 
 
 EXCHANGE BANK, 
 
 a building entirely of Montreal stone. The entrance to the Bank is on the cor- 
 ner of Notre Dame street and St. Franrois 
 Xavier street, and is reached by a spacious and 
 massive flight of stone steps. The building is 
 4 storeys in height, surmounted by a Mansard 
 roof. Passing down this street, we soon roach 
 the 
 
 MONTREAI, TELEGRAPH COMPANY'S OFFICES, 
 
 which have been recently erected at the corner 
 of St. Sacrament and St. Francois Xavier streets. 
 The public entrance is on the corner of the 
 streets named, and there is another entrance on 
 the latter named street, which gives access to 
 the general offices. Above the public entrance 
 in the attic story is a large illuminated clock, 
 and connected with this there are within the 
 building a number of clocks, the whole worked by electricity, thereby securing 
 a uniformity of time throughout the premises. The Montreal Telegraph Com- 
 pany, of which Sir Hugh Allan is President, has rapidly grown to its present 
 large proportions. From a small office, in the second story of the old Nord- 
 heimer's Hall on St. James street, with a staff of about a dozen clerks and assist- 
 ants, it has gradually grown and extended until now it employs more than 2OO0 
 persons, there being over 21,000 miles of line in operation. 
 
 EXCHAXOE BA>'E. 
 
r 
 
 .^^>^^ 
 
PICTUUEHq UE MON THE. I f.. 
 
 25 
 
 MONTREAL TKLKORAl'II COMPANY 8 OFFICES. 
 
 (Opposite to this building, on St. Sacrament street, stands tlie Merchants 
 Excliange, while still farther along St. Sacrament street is the 
 
 CORN EXCHANGE. 
 
 which forms the corners of St. Sacrament, St. John and St. Alexis streets. It 
 is three stories in height, the upper story heing equal in height to the two lower 
 ones. The lower story and a portion of the second is of dressed Montreal stone. 
 The upper portion of the building is of red brick witli stone dressings. The 
 upper flat is fitted up as a spacious and elegant hall for the transaction of 
 businefi.^ ; the room is well lighted with lofty windows on throe sides. 
 
 Returning to St. Francois Xavier street, and passing down, we enter St, 
 Paul street, a narrow street, but on which are some of the finest buildings erected 
 for mercantile purposes. Passing one block 
 downward, we enter a small square, on which 
 is erected a plain building formerly used as a 
 custom house. In front of this building is a 
 very neat square, with fountain enclosed. 
 On the west side of this .square stands that 
 well-known hostelry, the Montreal House, a 
 very eligibly situated and comfortable hotel, 
 where the tourist or business man may rely 
 upon securing a hear^ ■•' welcome and pleasant 
 quarters. Opposite iL>: Hotel is the 
 
 CII.STOM HOITSE. 
 
 CUSTOM HOUSE. 
 
 This building was erected for the Royal In- 
 surance Companj^ of Ijondon, and was sub- 
 sequently purchased by the Dominion Government. From the tower of this 
 building a beautiful view of the Harbor, the River, and Victoria Bridge is ob- 
 
20 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 tained. This building stands near, if not upon the actual spot where the first 
 white settlers landed in 1(342, and a few years ago the members of the Antiqua- 
 iun Society were discussing the advisability of placing in the square close by, 
 a tablet or monument commemorating that event. This would be an interesting 
 memorial, and if decided upon would doubtless meet with favor. Directly 
 opposite the Montreal House, but with an entrance from Commis-sioners street 
 facing the river, is the " Mcnitreal Sailors' Institute," an institution which has 
 accomplished very much for the welfare (both spiritual and temporal) of the 
 large class for which the .institution was founded. The comfortable reading and 
 cotfee room are largely patronized by the seamen. 
 
 Returning to St. Paul street, and passing 
 onward, we ascend St. Sulpicc street, on the 
 lower side of which are the; immense blfM-ks of 
 warehouses known as the " Nuns' IJuildings," 
 used as barracks for the troops .sent out dur- 
 ing the "Trent" difficulty, but now occupietl 
 by wholesale firms. I'assing up this street we 
 have a fine view of the side of the French Par- 
 ish Church, and speedily enter Notre Dame 
 street, at the Place D'Arraes. Passing along 
 that street, the tourist will note the chaste and 
 
 elegant style of architecture adopted for the 
 large retail establishments which line its ex- 
 tent. Shortly after we turn into Notre Dame 
 street, among the fine blocks of warehouses, is 
 one known as the Cathedral Block, so called 
 from the fact that it occupies the site of the 
 old Christ's Church, destroyed by fire in De- 
 cember 18o{). 
 
 A little beyond but on the opposite side of the street, we enter a low gateway 
 and find ourselves in a spacious court yard surrounded by buildings, with one 
 exception all bearing the imprint of time, their narrow windows with iron 
 shutters, the lofty roofs and quaint chimney stacks, clearly showing that they 
 belong not to the present century. We are now in the court-yard of 
 
 ^m^: 
 
 OLD CHBI8T S CHUBCB. 
 
 THE CONVENT OF " LA CONGREGATION 1)E NOTRE DAME. 
 
 founded by the celebrated Marguerite Bourgeois, who commenced the undertaking 
 in the year 1(559, with some young ladies she had brought from France. The 
 buildings originally extended 234 feet along Notre Dame and V-V-'> feet on St. Jean 
 Baptiste street. The Notre Dame street front was enclosed by a high stone wall, 
 which was taken down about 1835, and a range of cut stone houses and shops 
 erected. Tlie buildings in St. Jean Baptiste street still stand, but the old chapel 
 was taken down a few years ago, and was replaced by an elegant edifice of cut 
 stone, which we may now visit if we so desire it. 
 
 The pious and benevolent foundress of this institution was bom at Troves, 
 in France, on the 15th of April, 1620, and full of days and honors, she died on 
 the 12th of January, 1700, in the 80th year of her age. 
 
 The black dress worn by the sisters of this congregation has given to the 
 establishment the name of the " Black Nunnery." 
 
 Proceeding along Notre Dame street, we reach the 
 
 COl KT UOl'SE. 
 
 This building is after the Grecian style of architecture modified to Htiit the re- 
 
PICTUIiESQFE MOyTREAL. 
 
 27 
 
 (jiiiroTiicnts of the Courts of law, and the ^ncissitude* of the climate, and, a^thou<?h 
 divested of some of the ele}j;!int ornamentation belonging to this beautiful style, 
 is yet, in its unpretending and massive grand- 
 eur, second to few buildings in the city. The 
 most striking feature is its large Ionic por- 
 tico, and the bold projection of the pediment, 
 which gives the central portion of the prin- 
 cipal front a very noble appearance. The 
 front is divided in its length into five com- 
 partments, the wings advancing somewhat 
 less than the centre, so as to give the facade 
 an artistic prominerjce, and to free the build- 
 ing from that monotony which marked the 
 earlier public buildings of the city. The 
 total length of the building is 300 feet ; width 
 120 feet ; height 70 feet. It is built en- 
 tirely of Montreal stone, and the roof is cov- 
 ered with bright tin. 
 
 Adjoining the Court House, and occupying the site formerly known as 
 the Government Garden, is now being erected the 
 
 THE COUET HOUSE. 
 
 NEW CITY HALL. 
 
 Of this building we give an illustration on the opposite page, from which 
 will be gathered a much better idea of its proportions and fine appearance, than 
 could be given in the most elaborate description. 
 
 In rear of the Court House is a large level plateau known as the Champ de 
 Mars. 
 
 This spot was formerly used as a parade or drill ground for the troops. It 
 was origiiudly but a small piece or ground situated in one of the bastions of the 
 old town wall, but after the walls were removed it was enlarged to its present 
 dimension, 240 yards long by 120 wide. Craig street, about 20 feet below the 
 level of the parade, is reached by stairs, at regular intervals, leading to the 
 diffcx^nt streets which here commence. Facing this isquare is the 
 
 OLli (lOSFOUD BTOKKT CUIKCH. 
 
 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY MUSEUM. 
 
 The Museum is open daily from 10 a.m. 
 to 4 p ra. ; it is free to all, and is well worthy 
 of a visit. 
 
 Opposite to it, and at the side of the 
 Champs de Mars, stands the 
 
 ST. GABRIEL STREET PKESKYTERIAN ( ItllK It 
 
 erected in 1792- It is a plain structure, 
 standing hack several feet from the street. 
 It is surmounted by a small steeple, whicli 
 contain.^ a bell said to be the first Protest- 
 ant bell munded in Canada. For many 
 years a part of the church was assigned 
 to the u.« of the trcwps, when any Sctttch 
 regiment.^ were stationed in Montreal. 
 
28 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 At the lower end of the Chump do Mars is ii building formerly used as a 
 Military chureh (Episcopal), also as a Congregational chapel. It was then known 
 as the Grosford street church, but we regret to say that of late years it has been 
 converted into a hall for theatrical and other entertainments. 
 
 Immediately opposite the new City Hall stands a quaint-looking, low buildinp 
 enclosed by an iron railing. This cannot fail to be a point of interest to tlic 
 American visitor. 
 
 During the American invasion, in 1775, it was occupied by the Atnt^'ician 
 Brigadier-General Woostcr, and in 1776 by his successor, Benedict Arnold, who 
 
 AUTOORAl'H OF CIIAS. OAUUOLL. 
 
 ^^ 
 
 ^-^f/^^^^ ^5^/^r^ 
 
 AUTOORAPIt OF SAMUEL CHASE. 
 
 AUTOORAni OF OKNERAL WOOSTEU. 
 
 held a council there with the illustrious Franklin, the two Carrolls (Charles 
 Carroll, of CarroUton, and his brother, afterwards Bisho]) Carroll), and Mr. 
 Samuel Chase. In this building was erected the first printing press ever used 
 in Montreal. It had been brought by Franklin in order to publish matters likely 
 to bin* the French-Canadians to the " American cause ;" but as neither the 
 "pen " nor the "sword " proved successful, the principals retired from_ the field, 
 and the printer remained, and shortly after started a newspaper which is still 
 published— the Mont mil Gazdio. This building with additions is now known as 
 the Jacques Cartier Normal School. 
 
 In front it is lOU feet in length, 51 in breadth, two stories in height, and 
 
 01. II C10Vi;nNMKSIX' UUILIH.N(J -.now JAHIUKS CAUTIini NOIIMAT. KCIKXVI,. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 29 
 
 is built of stone ; in the rear it has u \\'u\\2; l.'{() tVct long, 30 foot wide, four 
 stories high, and built of brick. 
 
 The principal building, fronting on Notre Dame street, and formerly known 
 as " Le Vieux Chateau," was constructed by Claude de Raniezay, Esq., formerly 
 Governor of Three Rivers, afterwards Governor of Montreal, father of J. Bte, 
 Nicolas Roch de Ramezay, who signed the capitulation of Quebec. 
 
 It long continued to be the residence of the French Governors, and even 
 after the Conquest was used for similar purposes. 
 
 Nearly opposite is the 
 
 IXSTITUT CANAOIEN, 
 
 A stone building four stories in height. The ground floor is used for stores ; 
 the reading room and library occupy the rear of the building on the second flat, 
 the front portion being used as offices. The upper part is used as a lecture 
 room, and is well lighted and lofty. 
 
 The library contains 7,0U0 volumes. A valuable addition was made to the 
 library by Prince Napoleon, who presented books valued at $2,600. These arc 
 elegantly bound, and comprise works on the arts, sciences, and general litera- 
 ture. In addition to these, the late Emperor Napoleon manifested his interest 
 in the institution by presenting statuary, &c., valued at $1,000. The members 
 
 XELriON S MONUMENT. 
 
 are justly proud of these Imperial presents, and they are most jealously guarded, 
 but at the same time are freely exhibited to any who may wisli to inspect them. 
 Directly opposite the Court House (which is erected on the old Jesuit estates, 
 confiscated at the Conquest) stands 
 
30 TICTVRESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 THE NELSON COMIMN. 
 
 The ba«e or pede.stal is square ; six and a half feet broad on eaoli side and 
 about 10 left high. From the top of this a eircuhir sliaft or column rises "jd 
 feet in height and 5 in diameter. On the top of the pillar is a square tablet, the 
 whole surmounted with a statue of Nelson eight feet in heiglit. lie is dressed in 
 full unilonii, and decorated with the insignia of the various orders of nobililv 
 conferred upon him. In front of the monument, and pointing towards the river, 
 are two piei-es of Russian ordnance captured during the war with tlitit country. 
 
 At the foot of this square are the wharves for the Richelieu and Ontario 
 Navigation Company's steamers. 
 
 The steamers running between Montreal and (iueboc are nam(>d after tho-^ 
 cities. They are splendid double-decked iron boats, comparing favorably wit'n 
 the finest steamers on the Hudson. Tourists have always been very favorably 
 impres.'H:-<l with the jxditeness and attention shown by the officers to their patron-. 
 These steamers have alxjut l-"iO line single and double state-rooms, eficli betiuti- 
 fully furni.-ihe<:l, and looking so neat and clean that a single glance assures oiic 
 of a go<xl aight'> rest. The dining-room is below decks, large and well furnish- 
 ed. The table is supplie<l with all the delicacies of tlie sea.'^on ; every attentinii 
 being shown to make the trip pleasant. The steamers of this line are verital)K' 
 floating palaces, and are well patronized by tourists. In leaving !Montre;d ymi 
 have a few hours of Ix^utiful twilight in which to view the scenery, which will 
 well repay a little attention. 
 
 From the .square we pass along Commissioners street to the 
 
 nOXSKCOURS MARKET, 
 
 a magnificent pile of cut-stone buildings in the Grecian Doric style of architec- 
 ture, erected at a cost of about $200,000, and equal, if not superior, to any build- 
 ing of the kind in America. 
 
 A portion of the upper story of this building is occupied by the offices of tin 
 
 Corporation, apd the Council chambers. Tin 
 1 remaining portion was, imtil lately, used as ;. 
 
 ^^ »*^^^^^BH^t"''^-'"'°^ '_ 1^^ attract the attention of the tourist as he ap- 
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^"^"^^"^ This was the fir.st church built of stone o: 
 
 VIEW BoxsEcorEi jfABiCT. FBoic THE FOOT thc Iskud of Moutrcal, thc Church of Notr- 
 
 OF JACQCK CABTTEE sarABE. p^^^^^ ^^^ ^^j^^^ complctcd when this w;i. 
 
 opened. The foundations were laid in 1 658, by Marguerite Bourgeois, who in 
 tended to establish a nunnery here, but meeting with obstacles, she visitu 
 France, whence she returned the following year, and established the nunncn 
 on Notre Dame Street. In 1671 she again visited France for the purpose of .<t^ 
 curing letters patent for the institution, and she called upon Baron de Fancaiiip 
 one of the first proprietors of the Island, to aid her in the matter. The Baror 
 had in his possession a small image of the Virgin, said to be endowed wit 
 miraculous \nrtue, and which had been preserved and honored for at least a cui; 
 
PICTURESQ UE MONTREAL. 
 
 31 
 
 turv. It was his desire that this iinan;e should be removed to ^loiitreal, and a 
 ehapel built fur its reception. This, Sdur de ]{ourgeois undertook to peit'onu, 
 and on her return the inhabitants of Montreal entered with great zeal into her 
 desijru. Accordingly, on the 21)th June, KJT-'J, tlie principal stones of this edifice 
 were laid with great solemnity, and on August loth, 1()7"», mass was performed 
 for the Hrst time. In 1754, it was destroyed by tire and was not rebuilt till 
 1771, when its re-erection was resumed, and on -{Oth June, 177''{, it was com- 
 pleted. 
 
 It now belongs to the Fabriquo of the Parish, who ])urchased it from the 
 Sisters of the Congregation, many years ago. Like many of the <»ld church 
 ediliccs of London, it stands surrounded by warehouses, and even a small strip of 
 gr(jund some eight or ten feet in width, which extends along its side, is occupied 
 by small .stores. 
 
 To the lover of " ye ancient times" this locality will prove of interest, In- 
 de(>d the whole district from the t'onvent of the Congregation de Notre Dame 
 down to the old barracks, the side streets and lanes, cannot fail to inter- 
 est. Wandering among the narrow thoroughfares, with ancient buildings 
 on either hand — a footpath not wider than is necessary for one comfortably to 
 pass, and even this narrow path at times encroached upon by a stone step — it 
 becomes easy to imagine ourselves transported to some quaint old town in France 
 or Normandy. Many of these streets stand to-day as they did one hundred years 
 ago. Sliortly after leaving the old Bonsecours Church, we pass a narrow street 
 known as Friponnc street ; on this street are the old buildings which were used 
 as the Government store houses of the oiieicn rpijiDio. Owing to the venality of 
 Varin, " tlie Commissary of the Marine," and Martel, " the Storekeeper," two 
 gentlemen who displayed great talent in cheating the French Government out 
 of its stores, and charging for them twice over, these early received the name of 
 La Frijtomie, a name which as we have shown adheres to the lane on which they 
 abut. 
 
 Commencing at the next street and including the block bounded by St. Paul, 
 Water, IJarrack and Lacroix streets, stand the group of buildings known as the 
 Quebec Gate Barracks, 
 Built originallv as a nim- ^^ _^^:=:S^ ""'^'^ ^-,\i : 
 
 nery they have for over a 
 century been used by the 
 military, but now compara- 
 tive silence reigns about 
 the premises, and the grass 
 grows where once the "sen- 
 try paced to and fro." 
 
 It is difficult to say if 
 any portion of the old 
 French wall is still above 
 ground. The water front 
 of tlie Quebec Gate Bar- 
 racks is suppo.sed to be built 
 upon a part of it, and is the only portion left, being with the old Barracks the 
 only vestige remaining of French military power in this citj'. The St. Paul 
 stoeet front of the barracks faces upon an open space, 
 
 DALHOUSIE 8QXJARE, 
 
 aliBo known for many years as Citadel Hill, from the fact that its site was once a 
 hill or elevation upon which was built a small fort or citadel. In the summer of 
 
 OLD BARRACKS. 
 
•32 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 1821, the then Governor-General (Earl Dalhousic) presented the site to the City, 
 and it was named Dalhousie Square. 
 
 Near the corner of this Hquarc, on Notre Dame street, is the I'rotestant 
 Infants' Home, an institution well worthy of a visit. 
 
 We now enter St. Mary street, by which name the continuation of Notre 
 Dame street is known. Passing down this street we reach 
 
 ST. THOMAS CIHRCH. 
 
 In front are two towers — that on the north-east contains a superior chime of 
 bells, while in the other tower is a service bell, and in front is iin illuminated 
 clock. The body of the building is 7.2 feet by 4S, and 24 in height, above a high 
 basement, in which is a schoolroom. The street front, including the towers, is 
 70 feet in length and 40 in height, forming five compartments, two of which are 
 the towers. The principal entrance is in the centre compartment. 
 
 Immediately in rear of the church is a large brick building known as 
 Molson's College, for which it was erected, but did not prove a success. It was 
 subsequently occupied as a barracks, and is now used as a storeroom, by the ^lessrs. 
 Molson. 
 
 We now pass in succession, the extensive works of the Canada llubber Com- 
 pany, the Molson Sugar Refinery, and then on the left side of the street, facing 
 the river, is the 
 
 MONTKE.\L JAIL, 
 
 which is 240 feet front, and three stories high, with a lofty basement, the centre 
 of the building rising four .stories ; the wings in rear of the building are of the 
 same height as the main edifice. The building is surrounded by a high wall, 
 enclosing about five acres of land. 
 
 A short distance below the Jail, is the Ferry to Longueuil, a thriving village 
 on the opposite shores of the St. Lawrence. This village is a very popular sum- 
 mer resort for the families of Montreal. With a beautiful bay, well suited for 
 boating, on which almost every Saturday a boat race takes place, and a round 
 of cricket, lacrosse and other games, with concerts and entertainments, the summer 
 months are pleasantly passed. 
 
 From the ferry, we drive along a beautiful road skirting the river, on the 
 bosom of which floats a fleet of vessels of all descriptions, from the noble iron 
 steamship down to the barge, laden with pressed hay or firewood. The scent- 
 is one of animatipn, and its beauty would so influence, that, unless attention was 
 directed to other objects, we would pass by some buildings which if not very 
 attractive outwardly, are still worthy of notice, as the comfort and convenience 
 furnished therefrom are of great value. The large circular building with its 
 accessories form the principal works of the New City Gus Company, and from 
 this point in conjunction with the Works at the western end of the city, the sup- 
 ply of gas is furnished. Alongside the works are the stables and offices' of the 
 City Passenger Railway Company. Near this point will be located the terminus 
 of the Northern Colonization Railway. Wt now pass through a thickly settled 
 and beautiful village, known as Hochelaga, at which point large cotton mills 
 have just been completed. Having passed three miles from the city we reach the 
 
 HOCHELAGA CONVEXT. 
 
 This institution, directed by the Sisters of the Holy Names of Jesus and Mary, 
 is pleasantly situated, and commands a beautiful view of the city as well as of 
 
pirruREnq ue month k a l. 
 
 83 
 
 the St. Lawrence and Hurroundiiif? 
 country. 
 
 The biiilrlinfr has been erected in an 
 improved style, tor tlie purpose of be- 
 .st()\vin<j every attention on the culture 
 of the pupils. 
 
 From this point, the ride along the 
 lower ])art of tlie Island of Montreal 
 is very beautiful. We shall not proceed 
 further, but merely mention that at 
 L'ointe-aux-Trcnibles, a few miles be- 
 low arc the convent, situated the 
 scliools of the French-Canadian Mis- 
 sionary Society (Protestant). These 
 are very substantial, and furnished 
 \\\\\\ every facility for the work carried 
 on by that Society. 
 
 lieturniii}^ to the city, we leave St. 
 ^lary street at Fapineau s(juare (at the 
 upper end of which stands one of the 
 city Markets), and entering Dorchester 
 street we soon reach 
 
 ST. U KE's rill^RCH (E)'ISC'OPAI,), 
 
 a neat and commodious stone edifice, 
 (>rected after the great fire of liS52. 
 We next pass the schools of the Chris- 
 tian Brothers. Turning down Durham street to Lagaucheticro street, we 
 reach the 
 
 I'OINTE-AUX-TltKMllLK.S l.NHTITUTE- 
 DKPAKTME.VT. 
 
 -U0Y3 
 
 EAST END METHODIST CHIUCII, 
 
 wliich was opened in 1845. It is a neat and substantial looking building 
 of the Grecian style of architecture, and the interior fittings were taken 
 
 from the old St. James 
 Returning 
 
 street Church, 
 to Dorchester street, we 
 notice St. Peter's Roman 
 Catholic Church, and the 
 Hospital of the Sisters of 
 Mercy, and next reach St. 
 Denis street, which wo will 
 ascend to St. Catherine 
 street, at the corner of 
 which stands the 
 
 ST. .JAMES flHUKCH (R. C.) 
 AM) SCHOOLS. 
 
 The church is a beauti- 
 ful stone buildins: in the 
 early pointed style of the 
 13th century, and is ar- 
 
 DEPARTMENT. 
 
04 PlCTUliKsqrK MO N THE A L. 
 
 run^cKl to seat about ^.OOO persons. The tM.-Iio<tl8 are Hubstuntially built cditices, 
 capable of accoiiinuxlatiii;; a large nunil>er of pupils. 
 
 A few j)aees along St. Catherine street, uud opposite to St. James' School, 
 is the new church known as 
 
 XOTRK D\MK DKS I.OI DKEs. 
 
 This building is of a style of architecture differing entirely from any other 
 building in the city. This has been adopted with a view to the display of the fresco's 
 with wliich it is purpostnl to decorate the interior. The building is surmounted 
 bv a beautifully proportioned and lofty dome, which when viewed from a distance 
 along St. Catherine street, fulfils the poet's sentinu'nt that "Distance lends 
 enchantment to the view." 
 
 Adjoining the grounds of St. James Church, is the 
 
 ASYLE DE I.A PKOVIDEXC E. 
 
 This institution, which is under the direction of the Sisters of Charity of the 
 I'rovidence Convent, wa.s founded in 1828. The object of the institution is to 
 receive and care for aged and infirni women, orphans, Ac 
 
 Returning to St. iJenis street, and passing St. James Church, we enter 
 Mignonne street, near the entrance of which stands the Hospital and Reformatory 
 School of St. Vincent de I*aul. 
 
 Once more we turn to St. Denis street, near the head of which is the 
 
 ROMAN C.VTHOLIC DEAF AX!) Dl MH ASVLCM, 
 
 whivh was founded in 1801, and is for the reception and instruction of girls. 
 The building is a neat stone edifice, surmounted by a cupola. 
 
 We now turn homeward and near the foot of St. Denis street wc reach 
 
 TKIXITY CHURCH (ePISCOPAI.). 
 
 This Church is in the early English Gothic style, and is built entirely of 
 ^loutreal stone ; the ashlar work of random courstni work, showing the natural 
 face of the stone ; the quoins and mouldetl work being dressed. There is a nave, 
 side aisles, chancel, tower, and basement. The tower, which faces on St. Denis 
 street, is surmounted by a spire, constructed of wood and covered with galvanized 
 iron, the total height being 168 feet. The whole building is 107 feet in length 
 by 70 in breadth. 
 
 Directly opposite this, is 
 
 VIGER GARDEN. 
 
 The site of this garden was originally a .swamp or marsh, and is marked as 
 such on an old pl.m of the city in 1708. A portion of the site (after considerahk' 
 improvement) was used as a cattle market, for which it wits occupied for many 
 years, when it was decided to remove the market to a more suitable locality, and 
 in its place to ojien a public garden or square. This was accordingly done, and 
 each succeeding year has witnessed improvements and additions, until the squaro 
 has acquired its present beautiful and pleasant aspect. It is bounded by Craig, 
 Dubord, St. Denis, and St. Hubert streets, and contains throe fountains, the 
 largest one being in the centre of the garden. Clo.se by this fountain is a neut 
 conservatory for the propagation of flowering roots, &c., for the decoration ot 
 this, and other city squares. In addition to the three principal fountains, there 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 35 
 
 arc n(}i(>rs for driiikinjx i)ui])<i-ips in various parts nf tiic j^ardcn. The <;n)Uiula 
 arc iHiiiitil'ully laid imt, and the iitiiiost care and jjreat discrimination has been 
 displayed in t lie choice of trees and shrubs, which are plentifully cultivated. 
 l)uriii;jf the siniiiner a private l)and usuullv plays two or three evenin<rs in each 
 wei'k, upon a platform erei'ted tor the purpose, and the numerous walks and 
 avenues aie then crowded with citizens, who thron<; the j>;arden to spend a pleas- 
 ant hour. 
 
 A slioi't distan(!e beyond the fjarden (on ('rai<j; street) is th(> Catth' Market. 
 Still further alontr, at tlie corner of Amherst str(>et in the Se(U)nd ('on|^re<(alioiwil 
 ( 'hurch, a neat lirick editic(>. Iveturnin;; alon<; ("raif^ street, westward, we puss 
 by the lower side of the Champ de Mars. Opposite to this, stands the 
 
 FRENCH KVANOKI.ICAL CUURCn. 
 
 This church is the property of the French Canadian Missionary Society, and 
 is under their direction. It was ojjcned on Sunday, March VM\\, IStil. It is u 
 handsome stone I'difice, of tlm (lothic onh'r, surmounted by a snuiU spire. The 
 basement is used as a Sabbath school and lecture room. The church 
 will seat about ^JOO persons. Attached to the church, on Crai'j; stre(>t, is 
 a buildiufjf used as a reading room and depository for French relij-ious works, 
 and on St. Hlizabi-th street is a neat stone resi(leiu;e for the minister. 
 
 We next ])ass the ruins of an r>xtensive stone structure covei'iii<i; a complete 
 bh)ck. This was erected for a drill shed, but, after a very few months' service, 
 the falling' in of the roof from the weight of snow thereon accumulated utterly 
 destroyed the wliole buildinjj^. On St. Constant street, which bounds this build- 
 in':;, is a Jewish Syna<^o<i'ue. 
 
 ContimuMf^' our course alonjj; Craig street, and turning u]) Cottt; street, we 
 pass the Theatre Jtoyal, a plain and uninvitin<> Inick building, its appearance 
 being rendered even more unattractive by reason of its inimediato suri'oundings. 
 
 Near the upper end of this street is the 
 
 COrrK-STREET I'RESHVTERIAN CIIURCir, 
 
 a plain but substantial •edifice, built of cut stone. The interior, which is fitted 
 up in a very neat and efiective numncr, will accommodate a congregation of 
 1,000. Adjoining it is a large building, formerly known as the ]}ritisli and 
 Canadian School, now under the direction of the I'rotestant School Conniiis- 
 sioners. Opposite this school are the extensive buildings and grounds of the 
 Christian Pirothers. These Schools are erected on the site of an old market, 
 remend)ered by many old residents as the "Sunday ^larkets," from the fact that 
 the markets were kept open for business during part of the Lord's day. 
 ( )pposite the schools, on the corner of Chenncville street, is the 
 
 ( HIRCII OF " NOTRE DAME DES ANGES " (r. ( . COXOREGATIONAL ( IHRfll). 
 
 Tliis building was originally erected (18:54) by tlio Presbyterians, but when 
 the congregation removed, in 18()0, to their new edifice; (Krskine Church), it 
 was sold to the present occupants. It is a plain stone edifice with a lofty spire. 
 
 Immediately above the church, on Chenneville street, stands the 
 
 JEWISH SYNAGOGUE (eNGLISH), 
 
 a fine specimen of the Egyptian style of architecture. The front is of cut stone, 
 *nd adorned with a portico of two columns. The interior of the bixilding is neat, 
 the gallery being supported by four pillars. The altar contains a beautiful 
 
:\H 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 niahoguiiy ark, over which are placed the Ten Commandments in Hebrew churu«;- 
 tera, cut in marble. 
 
 By the side of the Synagogue is an open space, formerly a Protestant Burial 
 Ground, but recently laid out as a public square. 
 
 At the foot of Clienneville street, on Craig street, is tlie 
 
 CENTRAL FIRE STATION. 
 
 It is tliree stories in height, with a cut stone front of fifty feet on the former. 
 and 10l> feet of brick with stone dressing on the latter. It is surmounted by a 
 Mansiird roof, from wliich rises in the middle a pediment which is decorated witli 
 the city arms and the words " Central Fire Station," and surmounted with a fiiiu 
 stall'. The whole presents a handsome and substantial appearance. 
 
 Ujjposite this on Craig street is the private entrance to the St. Lawrence Hall. 
 On St. George street, which bounds the western side of this Hotel, is a plain 
 brick structure, known as St. George street Hall, and used as a place of worship 
 by the body of Christians familiarly known as " Plymouth Brethren." 
 
 From Craig street we ascend St. Peter street, and crossing St. James street 
 we soon reach Notre Dame street. Along the line of Notre Dame street, towards 
 the Parish Church, are many very fine buildings, this being the principal seat of 
 the retail trade. We, however, turn westward, and soon reach St. Helen street, 
 at the corner of Mhich there formerly stood an old church, known as the Recollot 
 
 Church. The church was built about the middle 
 of the seventeenth century by the fathers of tlic 
 Recollet order. It was, like many of the ehurchos 
 of thi.t time, an humble edifice of rubble and 
 mortar, but no doubt it was looked upon as a 
 very superior building, of whicli the good fathoi> 
 had just reason to be proud. We know that tlu>\- 
 were not chary in lending the use of it to congro- 
 gations of other denominations. In 1791, thev 
 permitted the Ilev. John Young, minister of tlu 
 first Presbyterian congregation organized inMon- 
 treal, to conduct worship within its walls afUi 
 the manner of the Covenanters — a graceful and ;; 
 noteworthy act, which we subsequently find ;u- 
 knowledged by the elders of the congregation by presenting the fathers will. 
 " one box of candles, oG lbs., at 8d. ; and one hhd. of Spanish wine, at £0 Os. ;k1. 
 At that time the Recollet buildings extended from Notre Dame to Lemoiiu 
 streets, and from McGill to St. Peter streets, and 
 were planted around with " venerable elms of " 
 
 great magnitude." In the early part of the 
 present century the Government, who had ac- 
 quired tlie property by confiscation, exchanged 
 it for St. Helen's Island, then owned by Baron 
 Grant_, the proprietor of the adjacent seigniory of 
 Longueuil. 
 
 When the old French Parish Church was 
 taken down, its cut stone front was transferred 
 to the Recollet Church, which continued to be 
 used by the Irish Roman Catholic citizens, until 
 they removed to St. Patrick's Church. In 1866 
 the old' church was finally token down. The site of this old building is w 
 
 ;.i) I.KCOLI.r.T CltUKCH. 
 
 ..*?^ 
 
 BAPTIST CHAPEL. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 .'{7 
 
 occupied by a beautiful edifice devoted to business, and known as the RecoUet 
 House. This establishment, under the able proprietorship of Messrs. Brown & 
 Claggett, has secured a wide reputation, not only in Canada, but in the United 
 States, as a place where any class of dry goods, niilliner\' and dress goods, can 
 be secured at reasonable rates, and in accord with the latest styles. 
 
 A few years ago, there were two other churches standing on St. Helen street, 
 but both have given place to warehouses. These were the St. Paul's Church, at 
 the corner of Recollet street, and the Baptist Chapel, a few doors below, on the 
 opposite side of St. Helen street. 
 
 Continuing along Notre Dame street, we enter McGill street, and here ends 
 our first trip. 
 
OUR SECOND PLEASURE TOUR. 
 
 lUR second tour will be devoted to visiting the Victoria Bridge, Laehine, 
 and the western part of the city. We again leave the square, and pro- 
 ceeding down McGiU street, we enter St. Joseph street, which is a con- 
 
 tinuation of Notre Dame street. On this street are some verj' beautifxil 
 
 and extensive warehouses devoted to the wholesale trade. Among the most 
 noticeable are those recently erected by Messrs. Muir, Ewan & Co., on the 
 corner of St. Henry street, opposite the American House, and, more especially, 
 that erected by Messrs. T. James Claxton & Co., on the comer of St. Michael 
 street. 
 
 This street is rapidly becoming a centre for wholesale warehouses, and 
 during the past few years several fine edifices have been erected. Prominent 
 among these is the block at the corner of St. Michael street, recently erected by 
 Messrs. T. James Claxton & Co., and occupied by them as a wholesale dry 
 goods warehouse. The building is of Montreal stone, and is five stories in 
 
 HESSRF. T. JAKES CLAXTON & CO.'S WHOLESALE DBT GOODS WAKEBOrSE. 
 
 height, in addition to a lofty basement. The principal features in the design 
 are the two main doorways, which have deeply recessed jambs, with detached 
 columns on each side, and richly moulded ornamental arches. The interior ar- 
 rangements are not surpassed in any warehouse in the city, and every possible 
 appliance for comfort and convenience are provided. The buildings are heated 
 
PICTURESQUE MOXTREAL. 
 
 39 
 
 with steam, and the lofty hoists are worked by hydraulic power, as are also the 
 presses in the packing room. The large and increasing business of the firm 
 demands extensive promises, and in this new 
 building every attention has been given to all 
 necessary details. 
 
 On the opposite side of St. Michael street is 
 a building of a somewhat mixed style of archi- 
 tecture, ecclesiastical in portions of its detail, 
 while its surroundings speak more of manufac- 
 tures than otherwise. This is the 
 
 OLD ST, GKOHOE S CHURCH, 
 
 now used as a safe manufactory. The church, 
 as originally designed, was to be surmounted 
 by a lofty spire, but tliis was never completed. 
 The stone tower lias been removed, and a mod- 
 ern front added, so that but little remains to 
 mark the old church from the surrounding 
 buildings. 
 
 We now return to the hotel by St. Henrv 
 street, and turning into St. Maurice street we 
 pass the old Congregational church, which, like 
 the old St. George's Church, has been convert- 
 ed into a manufacturing establishment, and is 
 now occupied by the Messrs. McLaren as a 
 wholesale boot and shoe factory. Oi^ce more 
 
 OLD BT. OBOEGE 8 CHUECH. 
 
 OLD CONOEEOATIONAL aiATEL. 
 
 was formerly the old Montreal College, a Ro- 
 man Catholic institution connected with the 
 Seminary. This building having, in its youth- 
 ful (Idijfi, served as a training school for child- 
 ren and young men, subsequently became a 
 training school for soldiers, having been a.sed 
 as a barracks ; and now, in its old days, its 
 main buildings have retired to rest behind a 
 front of more modern style, while its chapel 
 is used by the Messrs. Whiteside as a Pat- 
 ent lied Manufactory, where spring beds are 
 prepared for the comfort of those who may also 
 desire to retire pleasantly to rest. A view of the 
 old f 'ollege is given on the back cover (outside). 
 
 we enter McOill street, on which stands the 
 Albion Hotel, a familiar resort of the com- 
 mercial travellers of the Dominion. 
 
 Immediately opposite the hotel, and form- 
 ing the comer of College street, stands a fu^e 
 block of warehouses, known as the Dominion 
 Buildings, occupied entirely by wholesale 
 firms. 
 
 A short distance along College street there 
 stands a venerable-looking building, in which 
 the ancient and modem, the ecclesiastical and 
 the manufacturing, are blended, or rather 
 mixed up in a m<wt peculiar manner. This 
 
 uonnnoN buildings. 
 
40 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 One block below College street, on McGill street, stands 
 
 ST. Ann's market. 
 
 It is of brick, and but one story in height, with the exception of the centre 
 
 portion, which rises to a height of two stories, and is surmounted by a small tower. 
 
 It occupies the site of the old Parliament buildings, burned during the 
 
 riot which took place in 1849, when the Earl of Blgin (then Governor-General) 
 
 13UKKINQ OF THE PABLIAMENT BUILDINQS — 18-19. 
 
 rendered himself so obnoxious to a large portion of the people, by signing a bill 
 indemnifying those who had taken part in the Rebellion of 1837-38, for losses 
 sustained by them. This riot led to the removal of the seat of government from 
 Montreal. 
 
 At the foot of McGill street are the wharves, and at the docks on the first 
 basin of Lachine Canal, which here commences, lie the beautiful and comniodiouj 
 steamers of the Richelieu and Ontario Navigation Co., which ply between 
 Montreal and Hamilton, and by which the tourist makes the trip down the St, 
 Lawrence and its many rapids. Standing on the wharf at this point, a fine view 
 of the whole harbor lies before us. 
 
 A tour around the water-front is full of charms ; the scenes and incident? 
 have no common fascination. In its course we can muse away hours, dream our- 
 selves into the tropics or the farthest north, and awaken to a remembrance of 
 the extent and variety of our commerce. A number of small craft, propelled 
 by steam and sail, fleck the stream, while a fleet of grander vessels towers almost 
 over our heads, in their berths. The wealth they contain, and the adventure? 
 they suggest, invest them, as we have said, with no small measure of poetic 
 interest. They are like an army of pilgrims gathered in a central port from tlit 
 shrines of every nation — gatliered with peace offerings and treasure after trial? 
 and victorious conquests. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 41 
 
 We may choose any hour for a ramble along the docks, but the best is in the 
 morning, for then we can see Commerce arouse from its heavy slumbers, and, 
 limb by limb, unfold and apply itself to the great crank that grinds out the 
 city's destiny. It is, indeed, well worth while to watch the soft shades of 
 morning breaking over St. Helen's Island, and bringing into clearer relief the 
 entangled masts and rigging that are woven against the receding night-clouds ; 
 well worth while to watch the gradual change from night to morning, from a 
 desert-like stillness to a fretful roar ; to watch the moonbeams driven from their 
 nooks in the silent warehouses, as shutters are thrust aside, doors opened, and living 
 streams pour through every adjacent street to the water-front. The river, 
 smoothly lapping the piers in darkness, breaks into a surfy tumult, as it is beaten 
 and crossed by paddle and oar. Gangways are opened to the vessels, and com- 
 panies of broad-shouldered, labor-marked men trot from deck to wharf, with 
 boxes and barrows. The night watchmen shuffle homeward to breakfast, with a 
 few others who have been busy during the night, loading and unloading ocean 
 steamships. Again appear the heavy drays, drawn by powerful horses, and Iad(!n 
 with tons of valuable merchandise. From the masses that throng the river- 
 street, one would think that a large proportion of the population of the city hud 
 business to do b}' the water-front, each individual actuated by a different purpose 
 and destiny. The elements contend and bustle ; yet we see that they are system- 
 atic, and that each man's share of the work helps to give the big wheel a turn. 
 
 The river frontage is almost three miles in length, extending from the Victoria 
 Bridge to the village of Hochelaga. For upwards of a mile, it has an excellent 
 stone revetment wall, from the entrance to the Lachine Canal to below the Bonse- 
 cours Market, which, with its glittering dome, forms one of the most conspicuous 
 objects in the scene. Along the parapet wall is a fine promenade, from which, 
 guarded by an iron railing, we look down upon the busy scene below, where men 
 arc actively engaged in removing the valuable cargoes of the fleet of vessels 
 lying moored alongside, to the railway cars which run along the lower wharf. 
 What a contrast to the harbor of 50 years ago ! Then a low muddy beach ex- 
 tended the whole length of the town, with the exception of a small wharf near 
 the Custom House. Sea-going vessels were but rarely to bo seen, and the 
 steamers, rude though they were compared with our present floating palaces, 
 were looked upon as objects of wonder. Now, hundreds of vessels crowd the port, 
 and steamships of colossal proportions may be numbered by the score each season. 
 
 Looking westward along the Canal bank, we observe them lined with im- 
 mense manufacturing establishments — Flour Mills, Nail Works, &.c. ; while at 
 the extreme end there towers aloft the new elevators and stores of the Montreal 
 Warehousing Company. 
 
 We shall now return by McGill street, and pass along Wellington street. 
 The sights and sounds which greet our eyes and ears clearly show that we are 
 now in a manufacturing district. We hurry 
 along, but notice as we do so, a few points of 
 interest. Near the corner of Duke street there 
 iormorly stood a small Wesleyan chapel. 
 The old chapel during the time which it stood, 
 was the scene of many acts of outrage. On 
 two or three occasions, during the riots which 
 Were then so common during elections, the 
 
 windows were completely destroyed, and on _^^__ 
 
 one occasion some soldiers were in occupation, old wklmnotok stbeet weslktam chubcu. 
 
 and the marks of the nails of their boots 
 
 Were easily discerned upon the seats and backs of the pews, up to the time of the 
 
42 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 destruction of the building by fire in 1845. In those days the surrounding 
 districts ware but thinly settled in comparison with the present. Green fields 
 were abondant, and St. Ann's suburbs, as it was then called, was not so grimy 
 in appearance as now. 
 
 At the comer of Wellington street is a neat brick building used as a Mission 
 
 Church, in connection with the rresbytorian 
 body. In this locality are situated ihe auxil- 
 iary works of the City Gas Company (Ottawa 
 street) . On the east side of these works stands 
 the St. Stephen's Episcopal Church, while on 
 the adjoining corner (Ann street) is the Ottawa 
 Street Methodist Church. This church has 
 never been completed according to the original 
 design, the tower being still unbuilt. Stand- 
 ing on the steps of this church we have in view, 
 nearly opposite to us, the Ann Street Model 
 Schools, while to the left are the Roman Catho- 
 lic Model Schools, the former built of brick, the 
 latter of stone. 
 
 At the head of Dalhousie street stands 
 
 ST. mark's chvuch (Presbyterian), 
 
 A neat, commodious edifice, fitted up to ac- 
 commodate about 350 attendants. This church 
 faces upon a large open space formerly known 
 as the College Garden, now the Hay Market. 
 
 A iew paces beyond the market, in William street, are the extensive iron works 
 
 and foundry owned and worked by W. Clendinneng, Esq., and which are worthy 
 
 of a Tiat by those interested. 
 
 Betaming to Wellington street, we pass the large warehouses of the Montreal 
 
 Warefaoasing Company. Opposite these warehouses stands the 
 
 fJttXWi. STXEET KETHOSIST CffTHCH. 
 
 ST. ANN 8 R. C. CHURCH, 
 
 a large and commodious stone building, capable of seating over 3,000 persons ; 
 it is a fine specimen of ecclesiastical architecture, and is the most striking edifice 
 in the quarter of the city in which it is situated. In the centre of the building 
 is a Mjoare tower surmounted by a lofty cupola. The whole building is after the 
 plan <rf the far-famed church of our Lady of Loretta. 
 
 Near this church, is the Railway Bridge which spans the Lachine Canal. 
 By thi» bridge the freight cars of the Grand Trunk Railway secure access to 
 the wharTe&. Crossing the bridge by the carriage way, we proceed on our ride 
 throagh the part of the city known as Point St. Charles, passing the Episcopal 
 charch. a soali but comfortable brick edifice, and speedily find ourselves at the 
 entrance to that triumph of engineering skill, the 
 
 VICTORIA BRIDGE. 
 
 The bridge consists of 23 spans, 242 feet each, and one in the centre, 330 
 feet, vith an abutment, 290 feet long, on each bank of the river. The piers 
 which support the bridge are 33 feet by 16 at the top, and increase to 92 by 
 22J at the foundation. The upper side of the piers are formed like a wedge to 
 act a$ ice breakers, and these are dressed smooth, while the remaining sides of the 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 43 
 
 pier are left in their rough state. The two centre piers are -'33 feet by 24 at the 
 top, and increase proportionately in dimensions as they approach the foundations. 
 The courses of masonry comprising the piers, run from 1 lect 6 inches to 3 foot 
 10 inches, the individual stones of which range from to 17 tons. Those in the 
 breakwater are fastened together by strong iron cramps, 12 inches by 6| inches 
 thick, through which bolts, 1^ inches diameter, and provided with a slit in the 
 base for the introduction of an iron wedge, are passed six inches into the course 
 below, where the bolt reaches the bottom of the hole prepared for it in the lower 
 course, the wedge is forced up into the slip, thus dividing the iron, and forcing 
 it against the sides of the cavity made for it, from whence it is impossible ever 
 to be withdrawn. The whole mass of the cut- water is thus converted into one 
 huge block. 
 
 An important feature in the character of the bridge is the abutment at each 
 end, and which give so massive an appearance to the whole structure. They are 
 290 feet long by 92 feet in width at the rock foundation, and carried up to a 
 height of 36 feet above summer water level. The tubes of the bridge have a 
 bearing of 8 feet on these abutments. At the level of the tubes the dimensions 
 are reduced to 242 feet by 34 feet ; a parapet is then carried up on all sides to a 
 height of 29 feet three inches, terminating in a heavy projecting cornice, with 
 flat lintels, 16 feet in width, over the entrance, and, being in the Egyptian style 
 of architecture, the effect produced is grand and impressive, conveying the idea 
 of enormous solidity and strength. 
 
 On the entrance lintel of those parapets, above the roadway, the following 
 inscription, in large letter, is cut into the stone : — 
 
 ERECTED, A. D. MDCCCI.IX. 
 
 ROBERT STEPHENSON and ALEX. M. ROSS. 
 
 ENGINEEKS. 
 
 The lintel over the tube entrance bears the following : 
 
 Built 
 
 BY 
 
 JAMES HODGES, 
 
 FOR 
 
 SIR SAMUEL MORTON PETO, Bart., 
 
 Thomas Brassey and Edward Ladd Betts, 
 
 contractors. 
 
 "v The embankments as completed, are 28 feet in width at rail level. The 
 Bltperstructure, designed by Mr. Robert Stephenson, consists of 25 tubes of 
 uniform width of 16 feet throughout, for the accommodation of a single line 
 of railway, but differing in height as they approach the centre. Thus the depth 
 of the tubes over the first two spans is 18 feet 6 inches, the next two 19 feet, and 
 80 on, every coupled pair gaining an iwiditional 6 inches, to the centre one, which 
 is 22 feet in depth. 
 
 The tubes are composed entirely of wrought iron, in the form of boiler plate, 
 waging from 4-16 to 12-16 of an inch in thickness, with the joints and angles 
 stiffened and strengthened by the addition of tee and angle irons. 
 
 ' Windows are introduced into the sides of the tubes, and serve to light up the 
 inside. The tubes are covered with a sloping angular roof composed of grooved 
 
44 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 and tongued boards, covert-d with the best quality of tin. A footwalk, 26 inches 
 in width, extends along the top of the roof, the whole length of the tubes, for 
 
 the convenience of the employees connected 
 with the work. 
 
 The estimated cost of the work was 
 $7,000,000. This was afterwards reduced 
 to $6,600,000, including a bonus of $300,000 
 given to the contractors for completing it one 
 year in advance of the time specified. 
 
 The following particulars of the bridge, 
 and the material used in its construction, 
 cannot but prove interesting. 
 
 First stone of Pier No. 1 laid 20th July, 
 1854. First passenger train passed 17th De- 
 cember, 1859. Formally completed and 
 opened by His Royal Highness the Prince 
 of Wales, in 1860. Total length of Bridge. 
 OBTKBSB OF A xEiui. ooxianfOKATrvB OF THB 9 1^4 fg^^ \mea\. No. of spans, 25 ; 24 of 
 opnno or Tic«,Kix Ban«E. ^42 feet ; one of 330 feet Height from 
 
 the surface of the water to under side of centre tube, 60 feet. Height from bed 
 of river to top of centre tube, 108 feet. Greatest depth of water, 22 feet. 
 General rapiditv of current, seven miles an hour. Cubic feet of masonry, 
 3,000,000. Cubic feet of timber in temporary work, 2,250,000. Cubic yards 
 of clay used in puddling coffer dams, 146,000. Tons of iron in tubes, 8,250. 
 Number of rivets, 2,500,000. Acres of painting on tubes, one coat 30, or for 
 the four coats, 120 acres. Force employed upon the works in 1858, 3,040 men. 
 6 steamboats, and 72 barges. 
 
 When the bridge was completed, the solidity of the work was tested by plac- 
 ing a train of platform cars, 520 feet in length, extending over two tubes, and 
 loaded, almost to the breaking limit of the cars, with large blocks of stone. Tt 
 move this enormous load three immense engines were required ; yet beneath i" 
 all, when the train covered the first tube the deflection in the centre amountw 
 to but J of an inch, proving conclusively that the work had been erected in ;. 
 most satisfactory and substantial manner. 
 
 Returning from our inspection of the bridge, we purpose accompanying on: 
 tourist along one of the most picturesque and pleasant drives on the Island. A 
 we proceed through the Point St. Charles district, we pass near the St. Matthew 
 Presb]k-terian Church, a neat brick edifice erected on Magdalen street nc:i: 
 Welliiigton street ; also the Methodist Church, a building in the early Englist 
 style, and built of brick. It is 60 feet by 40, and will accommodate abou: 
 450 persons. The building stands ten feet back from the street, and has a towc 
 surmoimted by a neat spire. * 
 
 To our left, and near the river front, stands a massive stone structure, sur 
 rounded by a neat fence. This is the newly erected Public School, under eon 
 trol of the Protestant School Commissioners. 
 
 We now approach the city limits, and passing through the toll gate, fine 
 ourselves travelling over a smooth and well kept highway, along the river baul 
 This is known as the Lower Lachine Road. Looking to our right, we have tl 
 city with its many church spires towering aloft, its elegant mansions, and i' 
 grand background, Mount Royal, clothed in its dress of green ; while on oi. 
 left glide> the noble River St. Lawrence, divided just at this point by the Nur. 
 Island, which lies like an emerald in its placid yet rapid current. The water 
 lashed into fury by their struggles over the falls or rapids of Lachine, have he: 
 
^ 
 
 :^ 
 
?5^ 
 
 ■yIPJ 
 
 K 
 
 a 
 o 
 
 K 
 
 O 
 
 Eh 
 
 .tsa^ 
 
AD VERTISEMENTS. 
 
 f „ Skwm (Bmmm ^ f ®» 
 
 tMMAi t»4 4i i» 
 
 f*=F?lff^f* 
 
 DRY GOODS, 
 
 \L Iwm^\ Steet, \ ST Sprimi Gardens, 
 
 NEAR M'GILL STREET, 
 MONTREAL 
 
 MANCHESTER, 
 
 ENGLAND. 
 
AD VEHTISEMKNTS. 
 
 ESTA.BILISHEID 1S18. 
 
 gAmEHJ. mmm s m. 
 
 S36 Ac :33B Nt. .Tames street, 
 
 IMPORTERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF 
 
 Watches, Clocks, Bronzes. Fine Jewellery 
 
 SILVER, ELECTRO-PLATED WARE^, AND FANCY GOODS. 
 
 Fur t/„ xiU of PRl/.K CnnoSOMhTEHS ami HATCHES mmlc /.;/ 
 
 lliTSi^ M4m®£K, ^Q>mMt tlliil, 
 
 OPERA. MARINE, and FIELD GLASSES. 
 
 LADIES' and (iENTS' DRESSING CASES and BAGS Fitted Complete, 
 
 FINE DIAMONDS and PRECIOUS STONES Mounted on the 
 Premises, at Short Notice. 
 
 I|^ Stnin^rers before loiivin^ the city are respectfully invited to caII oud insiiect the LARGEST 
 STOCK oEJEn-EkLERYAXL JfATCUESiy THE DOMISWX. 
 
 TEES BROTHERS, 
 
 OFFICE AND STORE, 
 
 440 Sitro Bam© Strsd. 
 
 (six doors east of MCGILL ST.) 
 
 A LARGE VARIETY OF 
 
 e^r0i5m m\^ ^mirnx Sefe, 
 
 DINING AND CENTRE TAliLES, WARDROBES, AND A 
 GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF ASH AND WALNUT FURNIURE. 
 
 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 
 
 A VERY LARGE VARIETY OF 
 
 CANE AND WOOD SEAT CHAIRS, 
 
 WHOLESALE AND BE'^'aIL. 
 
 Manufactured at their Extensive 
 
 f 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 45 
 
 rcoovorod their uhuiiI culinnoHK, nnd How Htoadily iiloiiK in thoir triumphant march 
 towards the diHtunt mou. Looking across the river, tlio brij,'lil, tin-covered Hpiren 
 of the parish church of Laprairio reflect tho bright glow of the summer sun. 
 
 Wo now cross u massive stone bridge, which sjmns the tiiil-race connected 
 with the Montreal Water Works, the wheel house of which lies to our right, 
 distant about half a mile. 
 
 Of the numerous public establishments by which Montreal is adorned or 
 benefitted, there is not one in which the citizens are more interested than tlie 
 works by which the city is supplied, even in its most remote quarters, witli pure 
 and wliolesome water. Of how nmch advantage the perpetual sup])ly of jjure 
 streams of water is to tho health, comfort and safety of such a city as this, it is 
 not no(!es8ary to say here. 
 
 Accustomed to its use, the inhabitants of Montreal are not sensible of the 
 iumieuse benefits they derive from it, until they are deprived for a few days of 
 
 STEAltEE "Sl'ABTAN DKSCENDINO LACHINE EAPIDS. 
 
 it. Besides the increase of comfort, the great exemption of the city from des- 
 tructive fires of late years, may be attributed to the abundant supply of water, 
 ^e head of which is so great that it can be thrown above the highest edifiwes. 
 
 Tho water is taken out of the River St. Lawrence, at a point about one mile 
 above the head of the Lachine Rapids, where the level of the river is thirty-seven 
 leet above the summer level of Montreal harbor. 
 
46 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 It is then conducted in an open channel, four and three quarter miles in 
 length, to the Lachine Cinal at Gregory's, where the wheels and pumps are 
 placed. From the pumps at this place the water is forced through iron mains, 
 30 inches in diameter, laid under the canal, turnpike, railway and all the public 
 streets, into the reservoirs upon the side of the mountain, at an elevation of over 
 two hundred feet above the harbor, being more than one hundred and fifty feet 
 above the higher parts of Notre Dame street. 
 
 A ride of three or four miles, and again looking upon the river we are made 
 aware, by foam floating upon its surface, that we are nearing the renowned 
 Lachine Rapids, and speedily we find ourselves abreast of the rapid, and if our 
 tour has been properly arranged we may witness the passage of the steamer as 
 it enters the narrow and dangerous channel. 
 
 We now -approach the village of Lachine, but do not enter it, our drive 
 homeward leading us by a road below the village, just at the upper entrance to 
 the Lachine Canal. The ride homeward is through scenery truly beautiful and 
 pleasant. Passing through the village of the Blue Bonnets, we soon descend 
 a declivity, which leads us into the village of the " Tanneries des Hollands," a 
 few years ago considered to be a " far away " village, but now linked to the city 
 by the bonds of railway. Ten years ago it was reached by passing through 
 extensive fields, but the road is now lined by edifices equal to, and in some 
 instances excelling, those of the city. The Roman Catholic Church at this village 
 is a large, but not very attractive building. 
 
 As we enter the city we pass the extensive works owned by A. Cantin, Esq, 
 and known as the Canada Marine Works. To our right, at the corner of 
 Workman and Delisle streets, is the 
 
 ROYAL ARTHUR (pROTESTANt) SCHOOI,, 
 
 opened by Prince Arthur in February, 1870. It is a substantial, handsome brick 
 building, with abundant provision for heating, ventilation, and everything to 
 secure the comfort and health of the scholars. 
 Near the corner of Seigneur street is the 
 
 ST. JOSEPir STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, 
 
 a neat and commodious brick building, accommodating 800 persons. Since its 
 erection in 1862 it has been found necessary to enlarge it by adding a wing to 
 the rear of the building, giving it the form of a letter T. 
 Nearly opposite is the 
 
 WEST END WESLEYAN CHURCH, 
 
 a neat stone edifice capable of seating 600 persons. 
 
 We now leave St. Joseph street, and entering Richmond street, pass the 
 
 ST. JOSEPH CHURCH, R. C, 
 
 a large and solidly built stone edifice. At the head of the street is Richmond 
 Square, named after the Duke of Richmond, a former Governor of Canada, (-)ii 
 the corner of the square is a stone building known as the 
 
 hethlehem asylum, 
 
 a hospital or asylum under tue direction of the Gvey Nuns. When the 
 Bauque du Peuple was removed to provide a site for the new Post Ofiice, the lute 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 47 
 
 CO>rVENT OF MOUNT ST. MAEY. 
 
 (J. S. llodier, M^\., ex-Mayor, purchased the old building, and re-erected it with 
 additions on part of his property on Richmond Square, and when completed he 
 presented it to the sisterhood named. 
 
 Proceeding round the square to St. Antoine street, and thence up Guy street, 
 we notice upon the brow of a commanding elevation, overlooking the Square, a line 
 building ornamented 
 
 with massive atone pil- 
 lars. This is known as 
 Mount St. Mary. 
 
 Froiu the top of a 
 flight of stone steps 
 leading to the main en- 
 trance, a fine view of 
 the Victoria IJridge, 
 with part of the city, 
 and surrounding coun- 
 try, may be obtained. 
 The building was ori- 
 ginally erected for a 
 Baptist College. It was 
 fifterwards occupied by 
 the St. l^atrick's Hospi- 
 tal, and is now used as 
 aladies' boarding-school, 
 under tlie direction of the Congregational Nuns. Large additions have recent- 
 ly been made to the main building, increasing its accommodation fully one-third. 
 As we ascend Guy street, and gain the level of Dorchester street, we see be- 
 fore us a pile of massive stone buildings, covering an extent of several acres. 
 These inmiense buildings which, with the grounds, occupy the whole extent of 
 Guy street from Dorchester to St. Catherine streets, is that well-known institution, 
 
 THE GREY NUNNERY, 
 
 one of the oldest religious establishments in Montreal. 
 
 In l(i92 Louis XIV. granted letters patent to the Bishop of Quebec, the 
 Governor, and their successors, giving them power to establish general ho-spitals, 
 and other institutions for the relief of the sick and aged poor of the country. 
 liy permission of the Bishop, and under special letters patent granted thereunto, 
 in 1()!)2, M. Charron, a native of Normandy, and others, founded and endowed a 
 general hospital at Montreal. The gentlemen of the Seminary encouraged the 
 work by making extensive grants of land, among which was the ground on 
 Foundling street, on which the old hospital formerly stood. 
 
 Under the management of M. Charron, who was the first superior, the insti- 
 tution made rapid progress in prosperity and importance ; but after his death his 
 successor proved to be a mar' ill-qualified to direct the afl'airs of the establishment, 
 and the brotherhood was reduced to two or three in number, and the hospital 
 was deeply in debt. The whole estate was, therefore, handed, over to the Sem,in- 
 ary, who soon afterwards committed it to the care of a society of ladies under the 
 superintendence of Madame Youville. This pious and devoted lady was, at the 
 age of 28, left the widow of a Canadian gentleman, M. Fran9oi8 de YouviUe by 
 name. Although possessed of dignity of person, an accomplished taste, and a 
 competent fortune, she retired from the world and devoted herself to acts of 
 charity and religious duties. Having been joined by some other ladies, they 
 formed a society in 1737 to unite in works of charity, to live by their own in- 
 
48 
 
 PICTUliESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 dustry, and place their revenues in one 
 in the city they took with them six 
 They now bound tliemselves by vows, 
 being recognized as su- 
 perior of the little com- 
 munity. These ladies ac- 
 cepted the charge of the 
 hospital in 1747, and in 
 August of the same year 
 took possession of the 
 building, taking with 
 them nine poor persons 
 who had formerly been 
 under their care, and 
 four others whom they 
 found in their new resi- 
 dence. The debts which 
 had been incurred by 
 the previous body were 
 
 common fund. Having procured a house 
 aged persons, for whom they provided, 
 as religious recluses, Madame Youville 
 liquidated by Madame You- 
 ville, from her own private 
 funds, on condition that she 
 should be regularly app<jinted 
 manager of the institution. 
 Accordingly, by letters patent, 
 dated Jird of June, 170'i, she 
 was legally authorized to estab- 
 lish the community, and carry 
 out her designs. Assisted by 
 the generosity of the benevo- 
 lent who came forward to aid 
 the pious undertaking, the 
 hospital soon extended its ben- 
 efits to persons of all ages, and 
 in a short time no less than 
 
 CHUBCH OF ST. JAKES THE APOSTLE, 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 49 
 
 one hundred persons were receiving assistance and support. 
 
 In the year 1755 a further extension was made in the plans of the hospital, 
 by the admission of foundlings. This was caused by a circumstance which 
 presented itself one winter day to Madame YouWlle, as she was going into the 
 town on business. Passing by a stream (now covered by St. Ann's Market, and 
 Commissioners street) she observed the body of an infant with a poignard stick- 
 ing in its throat, and one of its little hands raised through the ice. Her benevo- 
 lent feelings were dreadfully shocked, fend after consulting with her associates, 
 they determined that, to prevent as much as possible the recurrence of such 
 deeds, they would extend their charity to orphans and foundlings, 
 
 Additions to the old building were made from time to time, but the growth 
 of the citj' had rendered the site very unsuitable, and accordingly . the present 
 large buildings were erected. The chapel and portions of the convent may bo 
 seen by visitors any day except Sunday or holidays. 
 
 Proceeding to St. Catherine street, we torn towards the city once more, and 
 at the corner of Mackay street, pass the 
 
 CHURCH OF ST. JAMES THE APOSTLE. 
 
 It is built in the Gothic style with dark Montreal stone, hammer dressed ; the 
 length is 115 feet, the width 45 feet, and the height from floor to apex of the 
 roof is GO feet. According to its present design, it will seat 550, but finished as 
 contemplated it will accommodate 900 persons. The tower was built at the ex- 
 pense of $8,000, by Mrs. Charles Phillips (as a memorial of a deceased brother). 
 At the corner of Drummond street is the Curling rink, and nearly opposite 
 
 \ is another rink owned by the Caledonia Club. This latter building was opened 
 by H. R. H. Prince Arthur during his visit to the city. 
 
 At the corner of Stanley street there is now in course of erection a handsome 
 
 [stone church. 
 
 EMMANUEL CHLBCH. 
 
 iThis is being erected by a portion of 
 le congregation formerly belonging to 
 !ion Church, but having formed a new 
 jrganization, they worship in the Gym- 
 lasium Building until the completion of 
 "lis new edifice. A short way down 
 Stanley street is 
 
 TANLEY STREET PRESBYTERIAN CHURf'H, 
 
 a plain but neat edifice, built of white 
 
 Sressed brick. This church has been built 
 y members of the Presbyterian body who 
 oppose the use of the organ in their ser- 
 vice. Opposite to this church is the 
 
 VICTORIA SKATING RINK. 
 
 The building is of brick, and is 250 
 feet long by 100 broad. It is covered by 
 a semi-circular arch-like roof, fifty feet 
 high in the centre, constructed to give 
 an apparent lightness of effect, combined with great strength. The space used 
 
 HDUKtrEI. CHtTBCII. 
 
50 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 INXEBIOK OF VICrrORIA 8B_iTINa RINK. 
 
 for skatinp; is surrounded by a promenade raised about a foot above the level of 
 the ice. The front portion of the building is two stories in height, and contains 
 on the lower floor commodious dressing and cloak rooms and offices, while tlic 
 upper part provides a residence for the superintendent. At the extreme end of 
 the building is a gallery. At night the building is well lighted by gas with 
 colored glass lamps. When many hundred persons appear upon the ice, and, 
 with every variety of costume, pass through all the graceful figures that skaters 
 delight in, the scene presented to the spectator is dazzling in the extreme. The 
 following taken from the columns of a local newspaper, is a description of u 
 
 carnival held at the 
 Victoria Rink, on the 
 evening of the 3rd 
 of February, 1874: — 
 "When Lord and Lady 
 DufFerin, attended by 
 their suit?, took their 
 seats under the dais, 
 about eight o'clock, 
 the scene was magni- 
 ficent. Never since 
 the carnival in honor 
 of the Prince of Wales' 
 visit has there boon 
 such a brilliant assem- 
 blage in the Victoria Skating Rink. As the band discoursed the noble 
 strains of ' God Save the Queen,' the skaters left the attiring rooms and 
 bounding on the ice, commenced their graceful evolutions. Every nationality 
 un der the sun was represented, Indians of various tribes, with thick layers of war 
 paint, brandishing tomahawks and scalping knives ; Spaniards and Italians 
 shooting love and jealousy from their piercing black eyes ; obese Dutchmen, 
 with their indispensable pipes and peculiar gait ; negro minstrels, rattling bones 
 and thrumming tambourines and banjoes ; girls of the period with immense 
 chignons and unsightly Grecians ; girls of the olden time in quaint but comely 
 costumes, eclipsing the so-called finery of nineteenth century belles ; Chinamen 
 and Japanese laboring hard to show their superiority over the nations they 
 despise ; brigands intent on plunder ; pirates glorying in their deeds of blood; 
 riflemen in their simple uniform, glowing with the ardor peculiar to volunteers ; 
 ladies of the Elizabethian period, proving beyond dispute their claims to beauty 
 and fashion ; swells of this and other ages, sporting eye-glasses, ringlets, and 
 languishing whiskers — in fact, such a commingling of curious characters as to 
 excite all kinds of emotions in the breasts of the observers." 
 
 In summer the building is occasionally used for horticultural exhibitions 
 and concerts. 
 
 While this building extends to Stanley street, the public entrance is on 
 Drummond street. 
 
 Adjoining the new Emmanuel Church on St. Catherine street is the 
 
 MONTREAL PROTESTANT ORPHAN ASYLUM, 
 
 a stone building of neat appearance, with pleasant grounds attached. Children 
 are not allowed to leave the asylum before the age of 8 or 9 years, except when 
 adopted into respectable families. The orphans are instructed in the rudiments 
 of a religious and useful English education ; and the girls, in addition to needle- 
 work, are early taught the domestic duties of the establishment. 
 
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 CD 
 
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 -SN*^ 
 

 A D VER TISEMENT8, 
 
 BB. MAaT3ilW'''lit 
 
 Have been Adopted on Scientific Principles. 
 
 They are a pleasant and sure Purgative, when taken in full doses, and at the same time frees the 
 system from bile and all other impurities. 
 
 IHEY ARE THE FI-.iiST L.VER ( ORRPiCTOR TONIC IN IJE. 
 
 A BLESSING_TO MOTHERS. 
 
 MRS. WINSLOW'S SOOTHING 
 SYRUP, for all diseases withwhich children 
 I are afflicted is a certain remedy. It relieves 
 : |he child from pain, regulates the stomach 
 and bowels, cures wind colic, corrects acidity, 
 and by giving rest and health to the child 
 comforts the mother. 
 
 Mrs. V^ inslow's Soothing Syrup. 
 
 An Established Remedy- 
 BROWN'S BRONCHIAL TROCHES 
 
 
 — AN.D 
 
 Are widely 
 
 known as an 
 I established 
 
 remedy for 
 
 C'oHghs, Colds, 
 Bronchitis, Hoarsenfss, and other troiiljles 
 of the Throat and Lungs. Their good 
 reputation and extensive use have brought 
 out imitations, represented to be the same. 
 Obtain only 
 
 Brown's Bronchial Troches. 
 
 rnOES THE B4BE 8T&XT IN HIS SLKEP 
 Ain> OBIHD BIS UTTLE TEETH! 
 
 iNine chances out of ten it is troubled with 
 I worms, and the best remedy for these, is 
 
 [browns vermifube comfits, 
 
 or Worm Lozenges. They are tasty and 
 the children will love them. 
 
 Drive out the worms and the child will 
 sleep sweetly. 25 cents a bos. 
 
 BROWN'S 
 House liold 
 PANACEA 
 
 AND 
 FAMIU imiKEIIT. 
 
 For Cramp* in the 
 
 Stomach nothing equals 
 BROWN'S HOUSE- 
 HOLD PANACEA and 
 Family Liniment. It is 
 purely vegetable, and may 
 be used internally or exter- 
 nally with perfect confi- 
 dence. No family should 
 be without it. It goes 
 right to the part affected, 
 and gives instant relief. 
 All druggists sell it. 
 
AD VER TI8EMENT8. 
 
 GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY 
 
 Spocial induoementH arc offered to vittitors to the 
 
 ♦ ^ « 
 
 entennial %%h\ 
 
 1 
 
 By a variety of the 
 
 Most Reliable and Pletttiresniiic Kotttes. 
 
 ANS 
 
 NEW AND ELEGANT DAY CARS, 
 
 Are run through on thi« Company's trains between Chicago, Detroit, Buffalo, Toronto, Ottawa and 
 
 Montreal without change. 
 
 This is the only line running 
 
 PULLMANS^ PALACE DRAWING ROOM & SLEEPING CARS 
 
 Through to Chicago, 
 
 By the Michigan Central KaUway, without change. 
 
 First cla« accommodations, and ALL MODERN rMPRO\':EMENT'S, whereby 
 
 SPEED, Si^EETY & COMEOET 
 
 are combined, are afforded to paHscugers by this line. 
 
 All iaformati(Hi regarding rontes and rates may be obtained from any of the Company' n numerous 
 
 agencies in the United States and Canada. 
 
 L. J. 8EARGEANT, JOSEPH HICKSON, 
 
 Tbatfic Maxaobb. Gen£bal Makaoeb. 
 
 W. WAINWRIGHT, 
 
 GbNBBAL FASaKNOBB AOENT. 
 
PWTUREHQVK MONTREAL. ^1 
 
 At tbt! corner of I'eel wtreet Mtuuds the 
 
 ERSKINE (;nUR(;H (I'RESHYTEKIAN). 
 
 This huilding is V.\(\ feet by 7J) feet ; height of tlic side walla, 49 feet ; from 
 the ground to upex of the roof, 82 feet. In front of the church, in the centre, 
 is u tower 1 S feet 6 inches square, surmounted by a spire, the heiglit of which, 
 from the ground to top, is 1 !)6 feet. The walls are of rough Montreal stone, in 
 small courses ; the sides of the windows, doors, buttresses, tower, &v,., being of cut 
 stone. The windows are pointed throughout with tracery heads. There are throe 
 entrances in front, the centre one being V'i feet \\'idc and :22 feet high. There are 
 also two entrances in rear of the church. The building will accommodate about 
 l,yOO persons. 
 
 We now leave St. Catherine street and descend to Dorchester street, passing 
 by the side of " Dominion Square." On reaching the corner of these streets we 
 pause, and, looking around, find ourselves surrounded on every hand with 
 churches and public buildings. On the corner of Dorchester and Windsor 
 street, by which name the continuation of Peel street is now designated, stands 
 the 
 
 DORCHESTER STREET WESI.EYAN CHURCH. 
 
 The style of architecture is English Gothic of the l-'Jth century. The walls 
 are Montreal stone, the plain surface being natural faced work, while the 
 windows and door jambs are of cut stone. The tower is in the centre of the 
 front, projecting boldly from the building, and is of stone up to the base of the 
 spire, which is enriched by pinnacles and canopies. The total height of tower 
 and spire is 170 feet. Tlie windows have pointed arches, with traversed heads 
 of different designs. There are four entrances, the princi})al one being a massive 
 and lofty stone porch in front of the tower, and has deeply recessed jambs with 
 three columns on each side, and richly moulded pointed arch with gable. The 
 interior of the church has a lobby extending wholly across the front, and the 
 pews are arranged on a plan radiating from the pulpit. The roof is open nearly 
 to the apex, showing the Gothic arched timbers, which are finished in oak, the 
 principals springing from Ohio stone triple-columned corbels at the walls. The 
 basement is lofty, almost wholly above the ground, and is divided into lecture 
 and class rooms. The sessions of the Wesleyan Theological College are held in 
 this church. 
 
 Adjoining this 'building is Saybrook Hall, a popular and well-known female 
 educational institute, owned and presided over by Mrs. E. H. Lay. 
 
 Opposite the church, and having frontage on Dorchester and Peel streets, is 
 now being erected the new Windsor Hotel. 
 5; At the corner of Drummond and Dorchester streets, is the 
 
 i, AMERICAN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 
 
 :>^, This building is an exact copy of Park Church, in Brooklyn, New York, and 
 has a massive appearance, yet without any great pretension to architectural 
 hf^uty, no particular style being applied in the design. Its length over all is 
 li4 feet, and the Avidth 86 feet. The ceiling is 44 feet from the floor. The 
 front elevation, on Dorchester street, has two towers, one at each angle, the one 
 Qi||.tihe south-west corner being finished with a spire rising to a height of 200 
 £91^ above the street, the other being finished square at about 80 feet high. The 
 attfllitorium is 90 feet long, by 76 feet wide, and will seat 1,200 persons. There 
 
52 VIVTUnESm'E MONTREAL. 
 
 is no busement, hence the lecture und school rooms are in the rear portion of the 
 building, und ure ouch 90 feet by JJO feet wide. All the pews on the ground 
 floor have u curved form, so that the minister can everywhere be seen without 
 the listener sitting in an uneasy posture. This church was opened on June 24tli, 
 IHWJ. 
 
 Passing down Windsor (lute St. Francois de Salles) street, at the corner of 
 Osborne (lute Janvier) street stands the 
 
 ST. gkorge's church (eplscopal), 
 
 a very beautiful edifice built of Montreal stone, Ohio sandstone being used for 
 the decorative parts. Everything about it is solid as well as tasteful, useful us 
 well as ornamental, made to endure as well as to delight. 
 
 The massive Gothic entrance, attractive and beautiful, though without any 
 profusion of ornament, with the modest sjinbols of church and crown — strong in 
 their inherent right — is an excellent vestibule to a church which bears the name 
 of PJngland's patron saint. 
 
 On entering, the attention is at once engaged with the spaciousness of the 
 edifice. It is cruciform, and the transepts add greatly to its capacity. The 
 roof, stained and varnished, is lofty, and gives an air of venerable majesty to the 
 whole interior. 
 
 The ornamental stained glass window at the end of the chancel, is to the 
 memory of the late Metropolitan, Biithop Fulford ; and the one at right hand 
 side of centre, to the memory of the late Hon. George Moffatt. The church will 
 accommodate 1,300 persons. The schools connected with this church ure built 
 on the same lot, fronting upon Stanley street, and comprise day schools, with the 
 class rooms on ground floor, with large room on first floor 86 by 42. The build- 
 ings are of Montreal stone, roofs covered with slate. 
 
 Osborne street is a comparatively new street, but so rapidly has its choice 
 sites been purchased and built upon, that it is becoming one of the popu- 
 lar streets for residences. The corner of this and Mountain streets has been 
 purchased by the Members of Olivet Baptist Church, as a site for their proposed 
 church edifice. Until its erection, they have built a neat and commodious one- 
 story brick building, in which services are now held, and which will serve us u 
 Sabbath school building when the church is completed. 
 
 Immediately below the St. George's Church, but fronting on St. Antoine 
 street, is the 
 
 ST. George's home, 
 
 a commodious brick structure with an extended frontage, and furnishing ampK' 
 accommodation for the large numbers of English emigrants annually sheltered 
 within it. A portion of this building is also occupied as a dispensary, and i? 
 known as the Montreal Dispensary. Here, at stated hours, some of our best city 
 physicians are in attendance to give advice and dispense medicines to the poor. 
 free of charge. 
 
 At No. ol St. Antoine street is the Woman's Hospital, an excellent and well 
 managed institution. 
 
 The main entrance to St. George's Home faces Desrivieres street, down which 
 we turn, passing a neat brick Mission Chapel, known as the Desrivieres Mission 
 (Methodist). 
 
 Entering Bonaventure street, we find ourselves passing by the side of tlif 
 Grand Trunk Railway Passenger Station. Opposite the entrance gates is tht 
 St. Joseph Orphan Asylum. The St. Joseph Church, attached to this Asylum 
 
"9?^ 
 
 ►J 
 
 < 
 
 Q 
 
 H 
 O 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 H 
 
 a 
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 12; 
 
 Eh 
 
 «3 
 
 fa 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
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 O 
 
 ■£*. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 63 
 
 has its entrance from Cemetery street, up which we shall shortly pass. In the 
 meantime, we proceed one or two blocks i'urther along Bonaventure street, and, 
 turning down Chaboillez street, visit the flourishing Mission Church and School, 
 which assembles in a very neat stone structure, erected on this street. This 
 mission is supported by the American Presbyterian body, and has been very 
 much blessed to the welfare of the residents of this locality. 
 
 We now return, and ascend Cemetery street, passing the St. Joseph Church, 
 already named, and soon reach Palace street, at the comer of which is an im- 
 mense brick building, five stories in height, and built upon an eminence which 
 gives it a prominent and imposing appearance. This is the Roman Catholic 
 Bishop's Palace. 
 
 A wing at the rear is at present used as the Bishop's Church. A few years 
 more, and this will cease to be occupied as such, for we now pass lofty and mas- 
 sive walls of masonry, which are part of an immense ecclesiastical structure, 
 which, when completed, will surpass all others in Amerjpa. 
 
 THE CANADIAN " ST. PETER's " 
 
 is being elected in the form of a cross, 300 feet in length from the grand en- 
 trance to the back of the nave, while its breadth — or length of the transept — is 
 225 feet. The length of the building will be further increased by a portico of 
 30 feet in width. The average height of the walls will be 30 feet. Those to 
 support the roof of the nave will be 42 feet higher, with an additional elevation 
 of 66 feet imder the great dome. Thus the extt-eme height of the masonry from 
 the floor will be 138 feet. The roof, which is to be of galvanized iron, will not 
 be modelled after that of St. Peter's, for though at Rome the climate admits of a 
 flat roof, it is otherwise in Canada. 
 
 The large dome will be the handsomest part of the Cathedral, and will be 
 erected over the transept, supported on four gigantic pillars of oblong form, and 
 36 feet in thickness. As the dome will be 70 feet in diameter at its commence- 
 ment, and its summit 210 feet from ♦^ae spectators on the floor of the church, 
 some idea may be had of its vast proportions. It will be an exact copy on a 
 smaller scale of the mighty dome of St. Peter's, and when complete will bo 
 250 feet in height — 46 feet higher than the towers of the French chxirch in the 
 Place d'Armes. On the outside, the foot of the dome will be strengthened by 16 
 pairs of Corinthian pillars, twenty-five feet in height, and surmounted by pilas- 
 ters. The space between the former is to be filled by large windows richly orna- 
 mented. Above these pillars the dome will curve gracefully up to its apex, from 
 which a grand tanteriw will arise, surrounded on a smaller scale by ornamented 
 pillars. Above this again will be placed a huge gilt ball, and pointing towards 
 the heavens from its summit will be seen a glittering cross, 13 feet long. 
 
 A splendid view of Montreal will be obtained from the ball — such as visitors 
 
 Sit from the top of the dome of St. Paul's in London. It may here be stated 
 at the dome of the Montreal cathedral is to be constructed of stone, wliich is 
 not oft«n attempted in works of such magnitude. Four smaller domes, equi- 
 distant from the major one, will surround it, and be fully as large as those 
 surmounting Bonsecours Market and the Hotel Dieu. 
 
 A magnificent portico of the composite style of architecture is to be erected 
 in front of the church. It will be 210 feet long, 30 feet wide, and will, from 
 its delicate carving — being surmounted by two huge clocks, and a group of 
 statues of the Apostles chiselled by eminent sculptors — present a favorable con- 
 tnwt to the unadorned and unhewn church walls. From the portico five large 
 atttrances will communicate with the vestibule ; an apartment 200 feet long, from 
 
54 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 which entrance to the body of the cathedral will be obtained through numerous 
 archways. 
 
 An interior view of the church, with its walls ornamented with frescoes, 
 statuary and paintings from the Italian school of art, seen here and there between 
 the vista of lofty pillars, will be very striking. Under the immense dome will 
 stand the high altar, and leading away from around it will be seen rows of arched 
 pillars, dividing the aisles and supporting the roof. Beside the grand altar, 
 there are to be twenty chapels in the cathedral, and in each of the four immense 
 
 ?illars which support the dome, there will be room for three commodious altarH. 
 'he foot of each pillar is to form a vault for the reception of the bodies of 
 bishops, &c. Light will be admitted through the five domes, and will be in- 
 creased by six large lanterned casements, and a number of small windows. There 
 will be no colonnade by which to approach the edifice, as at St. Peter's, Rome ; 
 but the grounds will be ornamented with fountains, &c. 
 
 We now proceed along Dorchester street. At the comer of Mansfield street is 
 
 KNOX CHURCH (pRESBYI'ERIAN). 
 
 This church is in the early English style of Gothic architecture, and consists 
 of a nave, side aisles, and a pulpit recess. 
 
 The principal entrance is through a large open porch, and there are two side 
 entrances giving access to the galleries and basement. The church is built of 
 Montreal stone, the ashlar work in small, even courses of natural faced stone, 
 the quoins, strings, &c., being dressed. 
 
 We next approach 
 
 ST. Paul's church (presbytkrian), 
 
 for size, beauty, and convenience, one of the most important of our city churches. 
 It is cruciform in plan, with stained windows, and the usual accessories of Gothic 
 architecture. The capacity of the building is that of 1,000 sittings ; there arc 
 no galleries, except one for the organ and choir. Under this gallery, and on thi 
 same level with the church floor, are the minister's and elders' vestries, fitted up 
 with every requisite for comfort and convenience. The transepts and nave art 
 divided on either side of the church by an arcade of three arches, restinjj; (»ii 
 octagonal pillars of Ohio stone, out of the capitals of which are worked tin 
 corbels for the support of the roof principals. There is a basement under tin 
 whole area of the church, divided into lecture rooms and school rooms, with tin 
 necessary adjuncts to each. The walls, to the level of the base, are constructed 
 of Montreal limestone ; the superstructure is faced with similar material, haviiif; 
 the natural surface of the stone exposed to view ; the weatherings, groins, pin- 
 nacles, and all the ornamental parts of the work are of Ohio sandstone. Th. 
 roof is covered with slate from the Melbourne quarries. The internal dimension^ 
 of the nave are 102 by 69 feet ; llie transepts are about 4H feet wide, with i 
 projection from the nave of nearly 17 feet. From the floor to the apex of tin 
 roof the height is oH feet. 
 
 At the comer of Dorchester and University streets, is the 
 
 ST. .JAMKS' CI.UH HOUSE, 
 
 having a frontage on the former of sixty-eight feet, and sixty-two feet on tin 
 latter. The base, to a height of seven feet from the footpath, is executed ii! 
 Montreal limestone, rough-faced ashlar, with dressed moulding and angles 
 The superstructure is in red brick, with Ohio stone cornices and window dressings 
 
 I 
 
ST. PAUL'S CHURCH, DORCHESTER STREET. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 f)ft 
 
 the ontrancH!, buy windows, and balconies being built entirely of the lutter 
 material. 
 
 The building is surmounted by a massive cornioe, from which rises a curved 
 mansard roof, covered with motul. An ornunientul iron railing surrounds the 
 • four sides of the flat portions of the roof, from which place extensive views 
 of the city can be obtained. • 
 
 ( )n the opposite corner of University street is 
 
 BURNSIDK M.Vl,!., 
 
 a building used as a High School, under control of the Protestant School Com- 
 missioners. Almost adjoining Burnside Hall is Harnjum's Gymnasium, an ably 
 conductetl and popular resort for the young men of the city. Across Dorchester 
 street is the 
 
 NEW JERUSALEM CHIRCH, 
 
 a neat brick building, with stores in the lower portion thereof. 
 At the foot of University street are the buildings of the 
 
 M (iILL NORMAL AND MODEL SCHOOI*. 
 
 These are built of stone, the style of architecture carrj'ing us back in fancy 
 to the time of the Tudors. 
 Thev front on Belmont street, 
 ond were originally erected 
 for a High School. 
 
 We continue our drive 
 along Dorchester street, and 
 reaching Beaver Hall Square, 
 we turn down a street known 
 as IJeaver Hall Hill, on which 
 arc many tine residences, oc- 
 cupied principally by gentle- 
 men of the medical profes- 
 sion. At the corner of Bel- 
 mont street, and 
 to Palace street, stands 
 
 extending 
 
 *T. AXDUKAV's CHl'RCH (PRES- 
 
 nrPERL-vN). 
 
 MCOII.I. NORMAL AND MODEI, SCHOOLS. 
 
 Tliis building was erected during the year IHOO, and was opened for worship 
 in January, 18">1. It is somewhat after the style of tlic (celebrated Salisbury 
 Cathedral. His built of Mcmtreal st(»ne, with a tower surmounted by a spire, 
 which rises to a hi>ight of 1^0 feet from the ground. The entrances to the 
 church by the tower, on Palace treet, are from a flight of steps, and a terrace on 
 each side; while at the upper en I (on Belmont street) is another entrance The 
 interior is lofty and imposing, and the ceiling, which is spanned by open timber- 
 Work, painted to imitate oak, rises in the centre to a height of 4(i feet, and is in 
 •trict accordance with the style of the building. The galleiy fronts, and the 
 pulpit are of rich Gothic work ; and the effect of the whole is heightened by the 
 fight passing through the stained glass windows. 
 
 The interior dimensions are 90 feet by tio feet, including the transept. It 
 will accommodate 950 persons. Beneath the church are school and lecture rooms, 
 
56 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 upwards of 60 feet square and 10 foet hiph, whirh are entered by an an-hed door 
 in the base of the tower. The beauty of the .slyle of this buildiiif?, its admirable 
 
 proportions, and the oommandiufj 
 position whicli it occupies, make it 
 an ornament to the citv. 
 
 On the opposite side of IJeavcr 
 Hall is the 
 
 CHURCH OK THK MKSSIAH (VNl- 
 TAUIAN.) 
 
 The style «)f architecture adopted 
 is the Jiyzantine, plain but efl'ect- 
 ive in character. The tower is 17 
 feet square, and when complete will 
 bo about 12t) feet high. A broad 
 flight of stone steps at the base of 
 the tower leads to the eastern en- 
 trance of the building, which, how- 
 ever, is not used at present, the 
 entrance being on Beaver Hall side. 
 Over this door is a large rose win- 
 dow, and in the chancel a window of 
 a highly dtniorative character, both 
 of which are filled with stifined 
 glass. AccommtKlation is afforded 
 for over 800 person.*. 
 
 On the lower corner of Palace 
 street and Beaver Hall hill is the 
 
 KIKST KAITIST (HrRCH. 
 
 ar. AJntKRW s chvrcr. 
 
 This building is in the early English 
 Gothic style, sunnounted by a small 
 tower, and is built entirely of stone, rock faced with cut stone dressings, the roof 
 being covered with purple and green slate, in ornamental patterns. The edifice is 
 55 feet wide by 80 deep, with a projection of ten feet in front and eight feet in rear, 
 and consists of two departments, the main audience room, or church, and the 
 lecture room or basement. The main portion of the building is 40 feet in height 
 from the floor to the centre of the vaulted building ; it is arranged with galleries 
 to accommodate an audience of about 1,000. There are three entrances, two in 
 front and one on the ea«t side of the building. 
 
 Turning on to Palace street, beyond the Unitarian Church, we pass a large 
 stone building — the St. Bridget's House of Ilcfuge. From this building to t lie 
 comer of St, Alexander street, a beautiful iron railing, with massive stone pillars 
 enclose the well kept grounds attached to 
 
 ST. PATRICK S CHITRCH. 
 
 The church stands on an elevated site, several hundi-ed feet distant from 
 Palace street. It is one of the most striking objects visible on approaching the 
 city. It is built in the Gothic style of the fifteonth century. The extreme 
 length is 240 feet, the breadth 90 feet and the height of spire from the pavo- 
 ment is 225 feet. The interior of the building is most elaborately decorated, aiul 
 
PIC 'TVRESU UE MONlliEA L. 
 
 57 
 
 the altar prosuiits u gorgeous appeuruiice. The church will seat about 5,000 
 persons. 
 
 Ill rear of this building is the iSt. Patrick's Orphan Asylum, and opposite to 
 
 FTBOT BAPTIST CHUBCH. 
 
 the church, on Alexander street, are some substantial stone buildiugp^ used as 
 schools, Ac. 
 
 Returning to Beaver Hall Hill and driving down St. Radegonde street, by 
 which name the continuation of the street is known, we pass 
 
 ziox (coxgregational) church, 
 
 This church, erected in 1856, is a neat stone edifice of the Doric style of 
 architecture. Formerly this was surmounted by a lofty woo<len .spire, which 
 was destroyed 'with other portions of the building) by fire, and in the reconstruc- 
 tion, the spire >vas not added. The church will seat about 1,2U0 persons. The 
 Theological college in connection with this denomination, holds its session in this 
 building. 
 
 We now pass by a portion of Victoria Square, and reaching Craig street, our 
 attention is at once directed to a handsome building forming the comer of Craig 
 and St. Radegonde streets. This is the 
 
 VOONO men's christian association Bl'lI.DING. 
 
 This building, is one of the finest in the city. The style is the medieeral or 
 
58 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 decora twl Gothic. Tlic fouudution uiul souic four t'c«.>t of tlut Uwe U *d MutttRaik 
 liincHtone, but the superstructure in of Montreal i.oiie with Uhi»> ^aaidittmt 
 drcssingft. In it« design the building bus one feature, diatinguishing it frtm. 
 every other Jiecular or ei-clesiuHtico- secular structure in the city, namely, » neWy 
 crocketted spire, springing from a dwarf arcade tower on the comer iam^x 
 Craig and St. Radegonde streets. The effect is striking, and highly iM%(imMt 
 The main entrance on St. Radegonde street, stands out in relief, and ha^ x 
 slightly projecting porch, with turrets, gable, &.c. ; and the dcKirway ha.* rirU* 
 moulded column.s, while over it is a window filled with tracery. The m\tmV>m* 
 
 TOUXO XXN S CHBISTIAN ASSOCIATION BUILDHfO. 
 
 are well relieved with mouldings and columns. The roof is of the man.+irL 
 pattern, and was adopted in subservience to the requirements of the eLiau-v 
 to which the Gothic roof, with its many snow collecting angles, is not ao ir-^i 
 suited. It is to be surmounted with an appropriate cresting which »-- 
 give a light and pleasing finish. In the interior is much to admire. T^yy 
 woodwork is finished without paint, presenting an imusually atrikioj^ xzti 
 rich effect. On ascending the broad stairway to the second floor the rbiyr 
 passes into the reading room. On the right of a passage or corridor ta ylmmi. 
 
A J) VEH riSKMKNTS. 
 
 F. E. GRAFTON. 
 
 PuMi'jljct, .Boolwelict anb 'Slalioncv, 
 
 Corner Craiij St. and Vkioi'ia Square, 
 
 orrosiTi: voi'Nu mkn's ciikistian association, 
 
 SUNDAY SCHOOL DEPOT 
 
 ■ For Piriodiculs nud evi-ry rwiuiaito for Siimluj- Si'ho«>U. 
 
 Englisli aqtl -Sniei'i^iki) ^Ikj:[h>^ii)C>*^ ^ui>i>Hctl to Oi'dei'. 
 
 I SCHOOL BOOKS, GLOBES, MAPS, &c. 
 
 Mr. Grafton is publislicr of tho fallowing : 
 
 "•Tui; rjLLEST. THE WoMAN jfcjD TiiK CoNFESsiosAL," by Ilt'v. C. Cliiniciuy. Price $1. 
 
 •Thz Ha-Xd Book or Sciuituue (jEGOBATIIY," IC maps, with ovtT 1,800 qucMtiouH :ind ouHwcrs. 
 
 I'ritf i'j CVUtn. 
 
 •Tke ScTOPmtK Atlas," 16 maps, iii stiff paper cover. Pritx- '.'.'5 cents. 
 
 •HiA-tT linuTB FOB YousG AJfD Old," for Huhools, meetings and families. Clotli, 15 couts ; iu 
 i- ,;:!iT binding, 20 cents. 
 
 "Hke HyxsAi," a cheap book for prayer meetings. Bownd in cloth, 10 eontti. 
 
 "Iba. MiLLESITJM, OB THE DOCTMNES OF THE SECOND AdVKNT." Price 20c. 
 
 I 
 
 M'- <irdiUm is aln<i the Cauadiau publisher of .Mr. Hirnvs' Pamphlots on tlie "Identity <»f Britain 
 ■mmli Ijotft Ten TriK's of Israel." Tliese pamphlets are: 
 
 *• ^ukti-Se^-en Identifications of the KNaLisH Nation with Lost Israel." 15 cents. 
 ■"OxFOKD Wrong," 10 cents. 
 ■" Fi.twrr.s or Lioht," 15 cents. 
 •* ELkolajcb's CoxiNo Glories," 15 cents. 
 1 * JLjiglo-Saxon Riddle," 6 rents. 
 
 TLf five pamphlets mailed for 60c, or iu one volume, bound iu cloth, $1. Over 200,000 of these 
 
 p||Plfiika« Lave been sold. 
 
AV VER TISEMEyrSu 
 
 '•[aw« 
 
 % 
 
 £ 
 
 An 
 
 ONLY DIRECT ROUTE 
 
 TO THE 
 
 CENTENNIAL 
 
 ISTERIM'IOMAL SXHIEITIOH: 
 
 Ai Phila«lclvliia> Pa. 
 
 The lines of this Coaipany fonn clu«e conncr.ciiia ac Sia«rtin> Fttlk -wrjiii Canadian Bailwayp, and 
 Round Trip Tickets can be puruhaiicd via Wiktkin'« Gben. a>' ?bim&ti^diia. Ht^ York and Washing- 
 ton, which allow ample time to viait the Centennial Ythjftimtn.. at -woSl ue masj other intcre»tiDr 
 point« in tho United States. 
 
 X CONSTRUCTION AND EQUmiENT THE LOFE«> <Oir THIS COMPANY ARE NOT 
 
 SURPASSED IN THE WOtOLD- 
 
 m. m. BOTo, JR., 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 59 
 
 the lihrury, in which are the book caseK. staiiK>d and vanunhod, huvinj; an effective 
 incisofl (irnanientation. while the urcading encloaiug the i>tfice, challenges atten- 
 tion 1)V its rich detail of diaper and cu<>ped arches. The reading room (which is 
 free to nil) is a most elegant and cheerful a|tartment. The lecture Hall, on the 
 third story, covers* the whole iuiperticial space of the building, and is 25 feet high 
 It is large and air}', and i.i wuttti for >ix hundred, with metallic chairs covertnl 
 in green morocco. The whole building '\s heate<l by steam. The centre sttire on 
 Kadegonde street is occupied bv the Hible Society, the Keligious Tract Society, 
 and the Canada Sunday School X'nion, as a Depository, for the transaction of the 
 large and useful work earned on by thotte organizations. 
 
 From the windows of this building we have a fine view of Victoria S<]uare. 
 JiOoking across the square we notice a block of beautiful buildings, forming the 
 corner of Craig street, thoaehave been recently erected by Alderman Clendinneng 
 as a city store in connection with his extensive iron works which we notice<l 
 while pas-^ing on our outward trip. Tliey are erected on the site of the St. 
 Patrick's Hall, a large and elegant edifice. That building was one of a cla-ss of 
 buildings of which almost every city can show sj)ecimens — a strange fatality 
 seeming to cling to them. First its immense iron roof fell in, while a ball was in 
 pn)gress. Providentially every person escaped uninjured, but scarcely had it 
 iKt'ii rebuilt, when it was completely destroyed by fire. Discouraged by these 
 disasters, the Directors sold the property, and now on the old foundations this 
 fine block of warehouses has been erected. On the opposite side of the square, 
 is a very large brick building, formerly known as the " St. James Hotel." This 
 building was a few years ago the scene of a fearful disaster. A tire broke out 
 during the night, and several persons we\< suffocated or burnt to death. Others 
 escaped by throwing themselves from windows in the fourth story. After the firo 
 it was repaired and altered for use as a Boot & Shoe Manufactory jointly by 
 Messrs. James Popham 4 Co.. and James Linton & Co. 
 
 We have again reached McGill street, and here end this our second tour. 
 
OUR THIRD TLEASURE TOUR. 
 
 jE shall start in oui' third round of sight-seeing from the Place d'Armes, 
 passing along Great St. James Street, and as we do so, we call attention 
 to the diff'i'ent styles of architectture, as displayed on either side of 
 
 the street. This is accoiihted for, in the fact that until within a few 
 
 years past this portion of 'the street was very narrow, little more than sufficient 
 to allow two carriages to pass. The hcautiful and lofty structures on the western 
 side, are, tlierofore, modern edifices, looking down as it were upon the " old 
 neighbours over the way. At Lambert's Ilill we leave St. James street, and turn 
 up St. Lawrence Main street. We observe, that from St. James street, wo 
 descend a rather steep hill until we reach Craig street, from which point the 
 ascent is made towards Shei'brook street. Jlidway between St. James and Crai;; 
 street, we pass a narrow lane, which extends from the Champ de Mars to JMcGill 
 street, and known as Fortitication lane, so called from its marking the line of the old 
 city walls, while Cniig street, immediately below, now a beautiful wide thorougli- 
 farc, was formerly a small stream which ran sluggishly outside the fortifications. 
 This stream was crossed by bridges, one of which, a stone bridge of one arch, is said 
 to have cost the King of Franco 200,000 crowns, which if correct shows clearly 
 that even at that early date. Government contracts must have been profitable. 
 We now ascend St. Lawrence Main street, the oldest street leading from the city, 
 and shewn on maps of more than a century ago. It therefore need be no source 
 of surprise, to hnd here and there, along its length, houses one storey in height, 
 with the " high pitched roof covered with shingles, on which the moss has grown 
 luxuriantly ; in some cases the tottering frames of these ' old ones ' speak move 
 loudly than words, and tell that we stand in the presence of a ' centenarian." 
 Our tourist will, however, notice that such buildings are the exception, the rule 
 being fine new stone edifices vieing with those of any other street. In fact thi;! 
 is one of the principal business streets of the city. Arriving at Dorchester street 
 we turn to the right, and soon reach the » 
 
 MONTREAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, 
 
 an institution which, in respect to the wisdom of its system, and excellence of its 
 management, has no superior in the Dominion. 
 
 On the 6th day of June, 1821, the foundation stone of the building, [which 
 now forms the centre portion], was laid with Masonic honors, by the Riglit 
 Worshipful Sir John Johnson, Rart., Past Provincial Grand Master of Canadii. 
 In less than a year the building was finished, and on the 1st May, 1822, it was 
 opened for the reception of patients. On the 18th, May, 1831, the lion. John 
 Richardson, the first president of the institution, died at the age of 76 years, 
 His friends desirous of erecting some monument to his memory, resolved to devote 
 the money acquired by a public subscription, to the enlargement of this buildiiifr, 
 by erecting a wing, to be called the Richardson wing. Accordingly, on the Kitli 
 September of the sjimo year, the corner stone was laid, and the building was 
 opened for the reception of patients on the 7th December, 1832. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 61 
 
 In 1848, the widow of the late Chief Justice Reid added the wing known as 
 the Reid wing, as a monument to the memory of her husband. 
 
 Another wing has been lately added, and is known as the Morland wing. 
 This building fronts on 8t. Dominique street, and is attached to the west wing of 
 the main building. It is a plain but rather imposing structure, built of stone, 
 four storeys in height, besides a high Mansard roof. There is also a building 
 devoted exclusively to small-pox cases, the cost of the erection of which was 
 defrayed from the permanent fund of the institution, with the exception of the 
 muniticent sum of $5000 contributed by the late William Molson, Ksq. 
 
 Turning up St. Dominique street we arrive at 
 
 ST. John's church, (german protestant.) 
 
 Tlie corner stone which was laid on the 21st April, 18o8. It is erected solely 
 I with a view to coTnfort, without any display of architectural beauty either intcr- 
 j nally or externally. 
 
 Opposite to the church, is the St. Lawrence Market, a brick building, similar 
 [in style to all tlie otlier public markets. Passing round this building, we again 
 [enter St. Lawrence Main sti'cet and crossing St. Catherine street we a.scend a 
 [steep acclivity to Sherbrooke street, at the corner of which stands the 
 
 SHERIIROOKE STREET METHODLST CHl^RCH. 
 
 This church is of the early Gothic style. On the front is a tower surmounted 
 jby a spire, rising to a height of 120 feet ; there are three entrances by the front 
 land one on the side. 
 
 A lofty basement extends under the whole edifice, forniing school rooms, class 
 Irooras, &.C. ; the church will scat 500. The roof is an imitation clcre-story in 
 [different colored slates, and tlie building is entirely of Montreal stone. 
 
 A short distance along Sherbrooke street (to the right) is the convent of the 
 Jon Pasteur (Good Slicphord), and nearly opposite are the new school edifices 
 recently erected by the Protestant School Commissioners. 
 
 Proceeding on our way up St. Lawrence Main street wo pass Chalmer's 
 Church, Presbyterian, a neat stone edifice erected in 1873. Almost in rear of 
 lis, on St. Urbain street stands. 
 
 ST. martin's (episcopal) church, 
 
 a handsome stone building of Gothic architecture, and which when the tower is 
 complete, will be equal in appearance to any of the other city churches. 
 
 As we ride along, we have to our left, and lying near the foot of the moun- 
 tain, a pile of massive stone buildings, surrounded by a high wall. This is the 
 
 HOTEL DIEU, 
 
 the first of the rejigious houses formed in Montreal, having been commenced 
 within two years after the first occupation of the city. It was founded in 1()44, 
 by Madame do Bouilon, for the reception of the sick and diseased poor of both 
 texes. The first building was situated on St. Paul street, along which it extended 
 824 feet, and on St. Joseph, (now St. Sulpice street), it was 408 feet in depth. 
 The bulding consisted of an hospital, convent, and church. Tl>c church stood- 
 upon St. I'aul street, and was of stone, in the Tuscan style, surmounted by a 
 triangular pediment and cross. Refore the establishment ol the Montreal 
 General Hospital, this the only place to which the afflicted poor of the city could 
 be sent for relief. It furnished for many years a refuge for the miserable, and 
 
62 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 help for the sick, to whose comforts the sisters devoted themselves with the most 
 praiseworthy benevolence. The increasing demands for aid, rendered it necessan- 
 that more extensive premises should be obtained, added to which was the fact 
 that the neighborhood was so thickly built up, that it became necessary toremovo 
 the hospital to a more open locality. To meet this, the present premises woro 
 erected. This is tlie most extensive religious edifice in America. It is situated 
 in a large open field, at the head of St. Famille street, and contains the churcli, 
 convent, and hospital. The whole of the grounds are surrounded by a mussivf 
 stone wall, and the circumference of the enclosure is one mile and a-half. Tlu' 
 foundations of the building were laid by the Roman Catholic Bishop on the 1st 
 July, l^!5i), and in January, 1<S()1, the bodies of the deceased sisters were removed 
 with great solemnities, from their resting place in the old chapel, to the new 
 building. The phj'sicians of the institution are the professors of the French 
 school of medicine. There are 75 nuns in charge of the institution, which 
 contains a large number of old men, orphans, and over 200 patients, while an 
 average of over 2000 sick persons are annually admitted. 
 
 As we leave this building, and continue our way along St. Lawrence street, 
 we enter " St. Jean Baptiste village," a municipality distinct from that of 
 Montreal, and yet so joined to it that the oldest citizen could scarcely tell you 
 when he left the city, or when he entered the village. Near the centre of 
 this village stands the Town Hall, and Market ; then we pass the " Public 
 square" and reach the point of divergence towards the mountain. The corner 
 at which we turn is known as the " Mile End," it being situated a mile beyond 
 where the St. Ijawrence toll gate formerly stood. 
 
 If we turn to the right at this point, and proceed about \ a mile, we find our- 
 selves in the midst of extensive stone quarries, from which have been taken 
 nearly all the material used in the erection of the public and private edifices of 
 our beautiful city. Our course, however, is in the opposite direction, and wc 
 pass along a well kept, level, and pleasant road. About | of a mile beyond 
 Mile End, we reach the extensive grounds on which the Provincial Agricultural 
 and Industrial exhibitions are held, and where suitable buildings are soon to be 
 erected. We next pass through the toll gate, and enter the avenue leading to 
 that beautiful resting place of the Protostant dead of Montreal, 
 
 MOUNT ROYAL CEMETERY. 
 
 The early burial grounds of Montreal were within the city limits. The 
 regular burials of each year soon filled these cemeteries, and it became evident 
 that steps should be taken towards securing land outside of the city limits, where 
 the dead shoidd be permitted to lie undisturbed in future years, and when no 
 jarring sounds should fall upon the ears of those who visit their last resting 
 place. 
 
 That it was customary, in ancient time, to bury the dead outside the citv walls, 
 the Bible bears witness, even as far back as \r\. the early chapters of the Book of 
 Genesis, where it is recorded that Abraham bought the field of Machpelah " and 
 the cave that was therein, and all the trees that were in the field, and that were 
 in all the borders round about." Hence we find a rural cemetery in a green field 
 bordered with trees, in which the venerable patriarch buried his wife, nearly 
 4,000 years ago, yet we find that our citizens, with all improvements made, were 
 (up to 1854) thrusting their dead together in thousands, even in the very centre 
 of the city. 
 
 This cemetery was consecrated in 1854. To provide for the reception of the 
 bodies of those who die in the winter months, two very extensive vaults have 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 63 
 
 been erected at 'considerable expense. The approach to the cemetery is by a 
 winding and rather precipitous carriage way, passing through which may bo 
 seen many of the wild beauties of nature, and from several points on the road 
 there are beautiful views to be had in every direction. The road, which is kept 
 in the finest condition, is planted on each side with trees. The gateway at the 
 entrance is a beautiful structure of cut stone, with iron gates. These gates, and 
 the building immediately within the same, erected for the use of the superin- 
 tendent, cost about $10,000. From the main entrance, avenues diverge towards 
 different parts of the cemetery, that on the right leading to the winter vault.s. 
 In passing 'hrough the grounds, the visitor sees many little nooks under the 
 overhanging foliage of trees and shrubs, which grow in all tlieir natural wild- 
 ness, and whose deep shadows spread a refreshing coolness around, and invite 
 him to rest on the garden seats which are placed in different parts. 
 
 On the highest summit in the cemetery arc built the vaults of the Molson 
 family, which are said to be the most extensive and costly private vaults on the 
 continent. Looking from this eminence, the eye ranges over a most enchanting 
 picture of rural scenery — in the distance rises a part of Blount Royal, clothed 
 with its primeval forest, while immediately below lies the most finished and beau- 
 tiful portion of the cemetery, with its costly granite monuments, or more humble 
 marble and stone tablets, gleaming among the foliage and flowers. While this 
 gr:;und does not possess many of the natural advantages met within some Ameri- 
 can cemeteries, such as lakes, or streams of running water, still those which do 
 exist are made available in every possible way to add beauty to the scene. 
 
 This is but a glance at some of the scenery and beauties of Mount Royal. 
 The eye of taste will find much to observe that has not been mentioned, and in 
 nearly all parts of the cemetery objects and views will attract and delight. Time, 
 too, must create much that will add to the attraction of the place. But oven 
 now it needs only a visit to see and feel that the spot, in its natural and artificial 
 beauty and fitness, is not surpassed by any other rural cemetery within the 
 Dominion. 
 
 Returning from the cemetery, the drive is continued round the mountain, 
 and soon reaching a higher elevation, a beautiful panoramic view is obtained of 
 the northern side of the Island. On a clear day, thirteen village spires may be 
 seen. In the distance, the spire of the College of Ste. Therese glistens in the 
 sun ; while the waters of the Lake of the Two Mountains, the Lake St. Louis and 
 the St. Lawrence are visible. The village of 
 
 COTE PES NETGES, 
 
 with its quaint old chapel, next attracts the attention of the tourist. It is a fair 
 specimen of a Canadian village. 
 
 " Many imagine it derives its name from the snow-drifts, the true name being 
 The Village of Our Lady of Snow. It is derived from a village of the same 
 name in France, the legend of which is as follows : Centuries ago there lived in 
 France a good pious man named Louis Vaderboncoeur, who by industry acquired 
 ^or those times) a fortune. He had lived happily with his wife for 52 years. 
 Heaven had not blessed them with children, and their only relatives were distant, 
 
 " As the infirmities of age were creeping on, Louis said to himself, ' what 
 l^all I do with my money ? I will not leave it with my relatives to quarrel 
 (net and waste in lawsuits or dissipation. 1 will build a church for the good 
 Iiord who has blessed me all my life.' The trouble was where he should build. 
 After piously thinking over the matter for many days, one night an angel ap- 
 peared to him in a dream, and said, ' The good Lord is well pleased that you have 
 »8olved to build a temple for His glory.' Louis answered, ' I am troubled to 
 
64 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 know where to build.' The angel replied, ' You and your wife go forth on a 
 journey and the Lord will direct you.' So they went forth on their journey, 
 looking earnestly for a sign. After many days travel, one bright sunny morning, 
 on the 18th of August, they came to a slope or hillside, (cote) and found on the 
 green grass, the snow laid in the form of a cross. Louis cried, ' Hero is the sign 
 of the good Lord's will,' and there he built a church and called it L'Eglise de 
 Notre Dame des Neiges. Soon came many people to dwell there. In the 17th 
 century, among the French emigrants who came to settle in Canada were several 
 families from that village. When looking for land they went over the mountain 
 and as they beheld the beautiful view they exclaimed, * this is like our native 
 village in France.' Well pleased, they settled there, and built a small church 
 and named it L'Eglise de Notre Dame des Neiges. From that church the name 
 of the hamlet is derived." 
 
 Having passed through the A'illage, there lies before us a choice of roads. 
 We may pass direct to the city, or take the road round the '' two mountains." 
 We decide ujjou tlie latter, and turning to the right, for nearly two miles, the 
 eye is delighted with a panoramic view oi the cultivated farms of the Canadians. 
 Then turning to the left, we pass Villa Maria convent ; formerly the residence of the 
 
 Earl of Elgin, Governor 
 General, who fled there 
 for refuge from the in- 
 dignation and fury of 
 the people when they 
 burnt the Parliament 
 House, in 1849. This 
 line villa and grounds 
 is now occupied hy the 
 sisters of the Congre- 
 gation as a boarding 
 school. Opposite the 
 Convent is the Church 
 of St. Luke. Turning 
 again to the left, to- 
 wards Montreal, a mag- 
 nificent view is pre- 
 sented of the St. Lawrence, the distant mountains of Vermont, Boucherville, 
 and Bclocil, on the opposite side of the river. The finest point of observation 
 is from the butternut tree on the roadside, just before descending the liill. 
 Here a few minutes rest will afl:brd great enjoyment, as it presents a view un- 
 surpassed for variety and beauty. 
 
 Descending the hill, we pass Coto St. Antoine, noticing at the corner of Clarke 
 Avenue, the 
 
 PROTESTANT DEAF AND DUMB ASYLUM. 
 
 an institution opened in 1870, and while its revenues and accommodations are 
 limited, still great success has thus far attended the efforts to instruct the inmates. 
 Once more entering the city, by the toll gate on Sherbrooke street, and pass- 
 ing onward about half a mile, we reach the extensive buildings known as the 
 
 " GREAT SEMINARY." 
 
 On page 24 we described the ancient Seminary building on Notre Dame street. 
 
 In addition to this building, the " Gvntlcmen of the Seminary " had a largo 
 
 farm situated at the foot of the Mountain (and now intersected by Guy, Dorches- 
 
 M0NKLAND8, NOW VILLE MABIE CONVENT. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 66 
 
 tor, St, Catherine and Sherbrooke streets,) This was laid out in extensive gardens, 
 orchards, &c, which were cultivated for the benefit of the Seminary. The buildings 
 on this farm were commodious and substantial, and were surrounded by a massive 
 stone wall. The entrance gates were flanked by two remarkable-looking stone 
 towers, still standing, and having at the first glance, an appearance not unlike 
 the remains of old windmills. These quaint-looking circular towers, with their 
 rough walls, contrast strangely with the more beautiful masonry of the massive 
 walls of the immense structure in their rear, known as the Groat Seminary. Yet 
 wo honor the " Gentlemen of the Seminary " for the feelinofs which have prompt- 
 ed them to retain these old landmarks. For over a century and a half, have 
 , these towers withstood the assaults of time, and in their early history they served 
 ! to guard the entrance within the wall which surrounued the old " Mainnu (/ch 
 i Pirfrcx," as the first building was called. Within these towers have gathered 
 i some of the early priests and their Indian converts, looking anxiously towards 
 1 the dark forest by which they were surrounded, expecting, yet dreading, the 
 I appearance of the treacherous and savage foe. Here, also, the gentle Marguerite 
 [Bourgeois has sat, and taught the young Indian girls, and endeavored to impart 
 Ito them some of that zefvl which fired her own heart, Itow changed is the scene ! 
 [Now, villa and mansion surround the spot, and there is nought of bygone days, 
 [save these two solitary towers, the last remaining relics of the ''Fort tie la 
 
 [Mo>llU{/)l('." 
 
 Our gifted Montreal poetess, Mrs. (Dr.) J. L. Leprohon, has made these towers 
 the subject for a beautiful poem, from which we now quote, and we heartily 
 respond to the sentiment expressed in the closing lines. 
 
 On the eastern slope of Mount Royal'H side, 
 In view of St. Lawrence' silvery tide. 
 Are two stone towers of masonry nide 
 With massive doors of time-darkened wood ; 
 Traces of loop-holes still show in the walls, 
 While softly across them the simlight falls ; 
 Around, stretch broad meadows, quiet and green 
 Where cattle graze — a fair, tranquil scene. 
 
 Those old towers tell of a time long past 
 
 When the red man roamed o'er these regions vast, 
 
 And the settlers — men of bold heart and brow, 
 
 Had to use the sword as well as the plow ; 
 
 When women, no lovelier now than then, 
 
 Had to do the deeds of undaunted men, 
 
 And had higher aims for each true warm heart 
 
 Than study of fashion's or toilet's art. 
 
 It was in those towers — the southern one- 
 Sister Margaret Bourgeois, that sainted nun, 
 Sat patiently teaching, day after day, 
 How to find Jesus — the blessed way, 
 'Mid the daughters swarth of the forest dell, 
 Who first from her of a God heard tell ; 
 And learned the virtues that women should grace, 
 Wliatever might be her rank or her race. 
 
 Here, too, in the chapel tower buried deep, 
 An Indian iravfi and his grandchild sleep. 
 True model of womanly virtues — she — 
 Acquired at Margaret Bourgeois' knee ; 
 He, won unto Christ from his own dark creed. 
 From the trammels fierce of his childhood freed, 
 Lowly humbled his savage Huron pride 
 And amid the pale faces lived and died. 
 
 Wvth eatih added year grows our city fair ; 
 Churches rich, lofty, and spacious square, 
 
fi6 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 VilLui and maiufons of stately pride, 
 
 Emhellinh it now on every side ; 
 
 Baildin(r!« — old landroarlw — vanish earh day, 
 
 For rtat^-lv euocesKorH to quick make way ; 
 
 But tee prati from change, time may long leave free 
 
 The AHfient to\cm of Ville Marie ! 
 
 The gentlemen of the Seminary, finding that, they required greater facilities 
 for carrying on their educational schemes, determined to take down the old build- 
 ings on the farm, and erect on their site others of sufficient capacity for the 
 accommodation of all the students of the various city establishments. The magni- 
 ficent pile of cut stone buildings now occupiei by them is the result. This college 
 is under the direction of a superior, who is a 'sisted in his duties by one hundred 
 and twenty-five Seminaires. 
 
 Standing in front of the Seminary, we observe spread out before us the extent 
 of land which, as we stated, was formerly known as the Priests' Farm, but now 
 closely built upon ; and within its area embracing some of the most elegant 
 private residences, and also some interesting public buildings, the most prominent 
 one being the Grey Nunnery, of which we have already spoken. Alongside the 
 Nunnery, on St. Catherine street, is one of the many beautiful structures erected 
 by the civic authorities, and serving as fire and police stations combined. These 
 edifices, of which there are several in the city, are built of stone, and, while 
 ample provision is made for the special uses for which they are intended, still, 
 attention has also been given to architectural design, and these buildings ;in 
 certainly calculated to impart an air of beauty to the localities in which they an 
 erected. On the same street, but near its western extremity, stands 
 
 DOUGLAS CHURCH (mETHODIST). 
 
 This is a plain, substantial, brick structure, built with a view to its future use 
 as a school, when the wants of the neighborhood shall demand the erection of a 
 more elaborate church edifice. This church was opened in February, 1876, and 
 was named after Rev. Geo. Douglas, LL.D., Principal of the Methodist Theologiial 
 College, in this city. 
 
 We have digressed somewhat from our course, but we now return, and pass- 
 ing the Seminary, we arrive at the comer of Guy street, and here the secoiid 
 road (spoken of by us as branching off from Cote des Neiges Village) enters the city 
 
 As we desire our friends to see and know all about our city environs, we shiih 
 notice the points of interest along the road. Starting from Cote des Ncige> 
 Village we soon arrive at the entrance to the 
 
 ROMAN CATHOLIC CEMETERY. 
 
 The burial ground used by the first French settlers, was near the point knowr. 
 as Point a Calliere. The cemetery was afterwards attached to the French Catlie 
 dral, and occupied the space where the present church stands, as well as a portinn 
 of the Place d'Armes, extending down St. James street and Notre Dame. A- 
 this part of the town became more valuable for building purposes, the Fabriqiit 
 appropriated for a cemeterj' the large plot of ground in the St. Antoine suburb-, 
 now Dominion square. In 1853 the Fabrique purchased the present property 
 one himdred and fifty arpents of land, and laid the same out as a cemetery 
 This is known as the Roman Catholic Cemetery. It is neatly laid out, and con- 
 tains several handsome tombs and monuments. Among the latter, the \\W. 
 prominent is that erected to the memory of the French Canadians who fell diiriiii' 
 the Rebellion of 1837-38. It is of octagonal form, 60 feet high and 60 feet it 
 circumference at the base. Below it and running to the centre of the foundation 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 67 
 
 are four vaults. The pedestal is formed of four large panels highly polished and 
 bearing the several inscriptions. The whole is built of Montreal stone. 
 
 The area of the cemetery has been considerably increased by the addition of 
 land purchased since 1853, and although the landscape scenery is not so beautiful 
 as in the adjoining Protestant cemetery, yet it is well worthy of a visit. Leaving 
 the cemetery and proceeding towards the city, we notice to our right, in a large 
 Held, the ruins of a small stone house. There are no beauties displayed either 
 in these ruins or the landscape immediately surrounding them. Still there is a 
 history attached to this site. In an old log house which stood against these walls 
 an event transpired which changed the whole current of Canadian history. Uu 
 September the 8th, 1760, the fields which now so peacefully lie before us were 
 occupied by an array of British Soldiers — one wing of the force despatched to 
 strike the last blow at French rule in America. In the old house sat the leader, 
 thoughtfuU)' engaged in reading a document which lay before him, and gathered 
 around were men whose names, then well known in military life, have since been 
 " emblazoned on the scroll of fame." There, also, stood other men, equally brave 
 and deserving of honor, but against whom the tide of victory had turned. The 
 uniform worn by these bespeak them representatives of the brave French General 
 Vdudiruil, whose army now awaits within the 
 walls of Montreal the result of this interview. 
 The Englisli commander having closely examined 
 and carefully weighed the several items appearing 
 in the document before hira, now, taking up his 
 
 f)en, affixes the signature " Amherst " in a bold, 
 egible hand. The deed is done, Canada has now atjtoobaph of vaudebuil. 
 
 passed into the power of Britain, and the morrow's 
 
 dawn will witness the capitulation of Montreal, the articles providing for which 
 have just been signed. 
 
 It is perhaps as well that we can only point to the site of the old building, 
 as it affords an opportunity for dealing once more in sentiment, which would be 
 utterly impossible were the tourist to witness one of the everyday scenes occur- 
 ing prior to its destruction by fire m 1874. Then the bleating of calves, within, 
 would certainly have dispelled the thought of military glory, and the pile of 
 refuse, without, would not remind him of the "pile of arms" which he might 
 desire to picture. 
 
 But enough ; we must hasten onward. Proceeding through the toll-gate, we 
 find ourselves passing a high stone wall, enclosing the property of the Great 
 Seminary. Near the gate, a platform is erected on the top of the wall, from 
 which a magnificent view of the western part of the city is obtained. 
 
 Proceeding to the foot of the hill, we once more enter Sherbrooke street at 
 the point previously named by us. 
 
 We now drive along Sherbrooke street, which is lined with the beautiful 
 residences of the wealthy merchants of Montreal. On our way, we pass the 
 grounds of the Montreal Cricket and Lacrosse Clubs, and soon arrive at the en- 
 trance gates leading to the grounds of the 
 
 m'gill college. 
 
 This, the most important educational institute in the Province of Quebec, 
 was founded by James McGill, Esq., a merchant of Montreal, who died on the 
 19th December, 1813, at the age of sixty- nine years. Not having any children, 
 he determined to devote a large portion of his fortune to some object of benevo- 
 lence connected with his adopted country ; and in his last will, made two years 
 before his decease, he set apart his beautifully situated estate of Buruside, on the 
 
68 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 slope of the Montreal Mountain, with a sum of £40,000, for the foundation of 
 a University, one of the colleges of which was to be named the McGill College. 
 The College is situated above Sherbrooke street, near the base of the mountain, 
 and the structure consists of a main building, three stories in height, with two 
 wings, connected therewith by corridors. These buildings and corridors, wluch 
 are built of Montreal limestone, contain the class-rooms of the Faculty of Arts, 
 with its museum and library, and the residences of the principal, the professor 
 in charge of the resident undergraduates, and the secretary. The library con- 
 
 O 
 
 3 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 » 
 
 
 tains orer 6,000 volumes of standard works. This nimiber does not include the 
 library of the Medical Faculty, which contains upwards of 4,000 volumes. The 
 muiseum contains a general collection of type specimens of Zoology ; the Car- 
 penter collection of shells, presented to the University by Dr. P. P. Carpenter; 
 
if* 
 
 
 z 
 
 2 
 
 Z i 
 
 - * 
 
 < « 
 
 z r 
 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 69 
 
 the rurpenter coUwtion of Mazatluu Hhells ; the Coop<»r collection of 2,400 
 Cuiadian inscctH ; u (iollection of ('unudiun fresh wuter uiul luiwl hHcUh, ulso Hotani- 
 caL Oeolopcul and Minoraloj^ical Hpeciinena. The philosophical apparatus i» val- 
 mble. and the C'honiical laboratory is furnishiHl with all the neco.s.sury appliances. 
 
 At the west end of the CoUefje building is situated th(! observatory, tlie base- 
 ment of which is devoted entirely to the observations on Terrestrial Mujjnetism. 
 The ffTou'id story and leads are devoted to Meteorological observations. The 
 tnuiMit turner is tor the purpose of furnishing time to tba city and to the shijjs 
 in the harbor, and is connected by electric telegraph with a " Time ball " at the 
 trharf. 
 
 The grounds which surround the main buildings have bo*^n plunted and laid 
 out as walks, thus rendering them a favorite resort for the residents in the 
 neighborhood. 
 
 We already noticed that the old Protestant Burial ftround hud been 
 tmnsformed into a public square. Among the nxany well-known persons whose 
 bodies were interred within that space, was James McGill, the founder of this 
 College. When the bodies were being removed, the authorities of the College 
 caused his remains to be transferred to the C'oUege grounds, and his monument was 
 also conveyed thither and has been placed in position immediately in front of the 
 lain entrance. Here, under the shadow of the institution which he founded, 
 I James McGill's remains now " rest in peace." 
 
 At the eastern end of the College is the new building erected for the Medical 
 Department. This is a fine stone structure, 4 stories in height, erected in 1872 
 1st a cost of about $30,000. 
 
 PRESBYTEBL4N TOLLKOE. 
 
 Adjoining the grounds of the College (to the west) and opening on McTavish 
 et, stands the 
 
 PRESBYTERIAN COLLEGE, 
 
 [handsome structure recently erected, and occupying an elevated site. It is 
 "^^ in a style of architecture unlike the majority of public edifices in Montreal 
 
PICTURESQUE MOXTREAL. 
 
 for the students, 
 
 and at once commandn attention. It in 
 
 the UHuul clu88 rooms, library, Ac, there 
 
 and the western win^^ provides a residence iar tdbc ]^ 
 
 Tmmodiately bohina this collep^. xa the dirtflikslaM: rmenoir of the Montreal 
 Water Works. This is well worthy of a "fvitL, wmk tmt btatntiiul carriage drivo 
 around it is at such an elevation above the cstjr as to imrmA a Ter>' fine view. 
 Taking our stand near the building wherein a7» tke aapitaBew for letting on the 
 supply of water, wo turn our bock to the (•xsj. aMl fiSandxig upward to uld 
 Mount Royal, we see perched high above lUk. ttul <ta«iding out in bold relief 
 against the verdant mountain background, EikT-^SHRin^ like palatial residence of 
 Sir Hugh Allan. 
 
 Alongside the extensive grounds of **RsveiHm« *" i* the new distributing 
 reservoir (recently completed) and, in rear ni zk. - ••• 'jj»T»t»e the lofty flight of 
 steps, also one of the carriage roadi, leading '-' '•^'- ttuuuuit of the mountain. 
 We ascend these steps, and find onneives in ch* iieaon of " Mount Royal Park," 
 destined to be one of the finest parlu on the ••.lairtEaitait. 
 
 Descending to Sherbrooke street, we torn, (^-orsi Mjaudkild street, and pass the 
 
 MOMltEAL tiirmsMSxn, 
 
 a large stone building at the comer of Bonuwitt^ xaA Mtitcalfe streets. Admis- 
 sion may be obtained by introduction of members «f tke wMaetr. The Mercan- 
 tile Library Association has a reading-mom. axui. 'iDwarx ia this building. 
 
 Passing along Bumside street, we enter Mii<rill Collie Avenue, a wide 
 thoroughfare, planted with tine shade trees. 
 
 We next pass along St. Catherine ^treeC aanl xtotaoe. to our right, a large 
 brick building, with a front of iron, and jci^iiw^ Tiie building rejoices in the 
 dignifi^ title of the " Crystal Palace." The ^i— ^^»^f »t» erected by the Board 
 of Arts, for use as an exhibition building ixsxbi^ tbt %vbX oi the Prince of Wales, 
 by whom it was formally opened on the i.j'h. Jk iR i u t, lH(Kt. Having served its 
 day, it will doubtless ere long give waj to -vnmit auune luefu] structure. 
 
 Nearly opposite this is the new Cathedral bi'-itk. in rear of which was, until 
 a year ago, a fine Music Hall. This was dsscr-.'fiid Irr fire, and probably will 
 not be restored, as the new Opera House hm be«i! taveuoi on. the adjoining pro- 
 perty, fronting on Victoria street. 
 
 Passing Queen's Block, we reach 
 
 CHKIST CHintCH CATHK9CAX. fl 
 
 This church, which is unquesticxiably the 
 a.stical architecture in Canada, was cipriiM im 
 ber 27th, 1860. ■ It is of the crucifonB 
 112 feet long and 70 feet wide ; transepts 
 wide ; tower 29 feet square ; and choir, 46 
 for organ chamber. The spire, which ia 
 224 feet. 
 
 Connected with the choir is the robrnT- 
 detached from this an octagonal building 
 diocesan library. 
 
 Internally, the nave, 67 feet high, has mi 
 worked and carved. Two ranges of cnbmm 
 the aisles. The capitals of these columns atre 
 plants. The four end arches of the nave* 
 
 •at). 
 
 btjmttifal epecimen of ecclesi- 
 on Sunday, Novem- 
 of a nave and aisles 
 1^ tower, and 25 feet 
 f sod ^ feet wide, with aisles 
 «(f fitoBte, rises to a height of 
 
 imd cferk's room, and half 
 -_:-g the Chapter House, and 
 
 i«o£, tiie timbers of which are 
 jBKJhee separate the nave from 
 nigned from Canadian 
 fraoB sculptured heads, repre- 
 
•u'4j,. 
 
■■i^: 
 
 i 
 
 CHRIST CHURCH CATHEDRAL. 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 71 
 
 senting the four evangelists. The ceiling of the choir is elaborately illuminated 
 in blue and vermilion, and spangled with golden stars. The wheel window on 
 the St. Catherine street front is in colored glass [the gift of the School children], 
 and also the four small windows underneath, representing the four major pro- 
 phets ; the whole of the windows in the clerestory of the choir are in colored 
 glass. The altar window is of the most chaste and elegant description. The 
 transept windows and the windows in the end of the aisles are also of painted 
 glass. The pews are all low, with carved ends and without doors. The stalls in 
 each side of the choir are finely carved. The reredos is laid with encaustic tiles, 
 chocolate-colored ground, with ficur dc Hk in green. On one side of the altar uro 
 the sidilia for the clergy, ( f exquisite workmanship. Three arched canopies, or 
 polished stone columns, support the seats. At either sides are busts of the Queen 
 and of the late Bishop of the Diocese. Over the arches is carved, and the letters 
 illuminated, " Oh, worship the Lord in the beauty of holiness." The font is a 
 beautiful specimen of stone carving, executed in England. The organ is by 
 Hill, of London, and the clock and bells are also of English manufacture. The 
 edifice is built of Montreal limestone, with dressings of stone imported expressly 
 from Caen, in Normandy. The entrance porch, on St. Catherine street, is beau- 
 tifully carved. 
 
 The Cathedral has received many valuable presents, not only from its own 
 members, but from well-wishers in England. From the latter was received a 
 magnificent altar cloth, lectern, and service books. Not the least interesting, 
 (a valuable gift, and one much prized by the members) is a beautifully bound 
 Bible, presented by His 
 Royal Highness the Prince 
 of Wales, to commemorate 
 his visit to the Cathedral, 
 in 1860. 
 
 On the eastern side of 
 the Cathedral grounds 
 stands the " Fulford Mem- 
 orial," a beautiful carved 
 monument of Caen stone, 
 erected in memory of the 
 late Metropolitan. In rear 
 of the Cathedral, on Uni- 
 versity street, is the See 
 house, a brick structure of 
 suitable style of architect- 
 ure, and alongside of this, 
 but on Union Avenue, is 
 the Bishop's residence, or 
 palace, a very elegant 
 structure, in Montreal 
 stone, with dressings simi- 
 lar to that of the Cathedral. 
 Alongside of this is the 
 Rectory, a building similar 
 in design^to the Bishop's 
 residence. 
 
 A short distance below 
 the Cathedral, on Univer- 
 sity street, is the 
 
 ST. CATHBEINE STBBET BAPTIST CHUECn. 
 
72 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 NATVRAL HISTORY SOCIETY 8 MUSEUM. 
 
 It is built of white brick. On the ground floor is the lect'ure room, library, 
 committee room, and residence of the keeper. The second story, which is 
 about ;{() feet in height, contains the museum, which is surrounded by a gallery 
 and lighted by skylights. 
 
 The principal attraction in the galleries is the Ferrier collection of Egyptian 
 and other antiquities, collected by Hon. James Ferrier, during a tour in the 
 East, and presentefl by him to the Society. 
 
 Continuing along St. Catherine street, we pass by the upper side of Phillips' 
 Square to Aylraer street, on which is situated the Church Home, in connection 
 with the ('hurch of England. 
 
 At the corner of City Councillors street stands the 
 
 ST. CATHERINE STREET BAPTIST CHURCH. 
 
 Its dimensions arc, length 114 feet, width 72 feet. The Sunday-school occupies 
 the lower portion of the building, which is entirely above ground, with a ceiling 
 15 feet high, and furnishes accommodation for one thousand scholars. The 
 church proper is GO by 72 feet, with accommodation for 800. The building is 
 entirely of Montreal stone, rock finished,. with dressed facings. 
 
 Driving up City Councillors street, we turn into Berthelot street, and visit 
 the building owned and occupied by the 
 
 ladies' BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. 
 
 A society having this name was formed in 1815. It was dissolved in 1822, 
 but was again instituted in the year 1832, after the first visitation of the cholera, 
 and had for its object the relief of the widows and fatherless children left desti- 
 tute by that awful pestilence. 
 
 The building is a large three-story stone edifice, standing somewhat back 
 from the street, and surrounded by beautiful, shade trees. The largo yard and 
 garden in rear afford ample space for the recreation of the inmates. 
 
 At Bleury street, which we now pass, the name Berthelot, is changed to 
 Ontario street. At the comer of St. George street stands a commodious brick 
 edifice. This is the 
 
 bishop's college medical school, 
 
 or, more correctly speaking, the building devoted to the Medical Faculty of the 
 University of Bishop's College, Lennoxville. Avery able staff of professors is 
 attached to this School of Medicine. 
 
 Nearly opposite to the Medical School there stands upon an elevated plat- 
 form, a large stone building. In order to visit this building we pass through 
 Geoige street to St. Catherine street, passing on the latter street the Nazareth 
 Asylum for the Blind, when we reach the main entrance to 
 
 the catholic commercial academy. 
 
 This institution has been established by the Roman Catholic School Comis- 
 sioners of the city, and is conducted under their directions and that of Professor 
 M. VV. E. Archarabault. 
 
 The building is a magnificent edifice, and its austere but imposing architecture 
 and commanding site, excite the admiration of all beholders. It is a lasting 
 monument erected to Commerce and Industry. The edifice is 125 feet in 
 
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PICTURESQUE MONTUEAL. 
 
 73 
 
 lon^Hli, 4o foot in brcmlth, and three stories in height. In the centre «,l the 
 building, on cacli side, is a large entrance, the surroundings of which are beau- 
 titully ornuinented with ehtlH>rato workmanship in stone. 
 
 Surmounting the building, al)o\e each doorway, is a tower twenty feet in 
 height, pyramidal shaped. The wlio'c structure lias an app.-aranee of stiiteUuess 
 and solidity. 
 
 The entrance gates, on St. Catherine stn^'t, are of iron, and of elaborate 
 (U'sign, the masonry being of white marble. . The building stands several huu- 
 
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 dred feet from the street ; indeed, we may say it stands on line of Ontario street. 
 From the gate a beautifully graded avenue leads to the l(>vel plateau, which is 
 laid out as a garden ; and passing through this, we enter the building. 
 
 The School Commissioucrs have deemed it their duty, in response to an 
 urgent want, and to the legitimate expectations of the influential Catholic pr>puhi- 
 tion of this pro.sperous city, to .spare no necessary expense to place this iiihtitii- 
 tion on a footing .second to none in this country ; and, to render the .sojourn of 
 
74 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 the numerous pupils frequenting it both agrooablc and beneHcial, in the twofoU 
 respect of conit'ort and health, spaciouH study halls and class rooms, itchool 
 furniture of the latest and rao«t improved patterns, convenient heatinj» uppurata.'*, 
 the most perfect system of ventilation, i\ic., Ac, have been abuiiduntly provided 
 and introduced. 
 
 Tlie most scnipulouri attention haa been brought to bear upon the st>leetioij of 
 the associate professors. 
 
 The object of the Commercial Academy is. to prepare and qualify j)upils who 
 have diligently foUowwl the course of instruction, to embra(!e with suices^*, any 
 commercial or industrial pursuit. 
 
 The unusually large »^ro|>ort ion of French-Canadian and English s|)eaktng 
 scholars who have hitherto attended the school, greatly tends to make it a n\*x*z 
 desirabli! Institution for acquiring a pnmipt and practical knowledge of the 
 Frencli and English lauguages, which are taught respectively by profef4Sf)rH f*i 
 acknowl(>dged ability. 
 
 The residence of the principal is attached to the west wing of the buildin«r. 
 In tliis institution there is given not only a thorough eonmiercial education, bat 
 the design has l)een to make it. in stmie measure, a " Polytechnic Institute." Ad- 
 joining the main buihling is a lofty brick structure for the use of pupils in the 
 Scientitic and Industrial course. 
 
 The object of this course is to give young men a solid, substantial, and aB 
 eminently practical education in the arts and sciences. It will open to them all 
 the ditl'e rent professions or bnmches of professions, thus procuring to the cotm- 
 try the practical men now so necessary for the creation and advancement oi 
 industry. 
 
 These studies are not simply theoretical, but eminently practical. Th«? 
 institution, however, does not pretend to make mvautn in the literal sense of the 
 word, but aims at forming special men possessing a perfect knowleflge of their 
 profession. When we retlec-t on the actual development of mineral, manufacturing 
 and commercial industries, or colonial enterprises, such as public roads, canaU,. 
 railways in process of construction or already opened to the public, and. on the 
 other hand, when we consider the great number of young men employeri, »>r 
 that might be employed, by those powerful companies, and see that most of the 
 former have been brought from foreign countries, we cannot but feel that 
 opening such a school is work for the welfare of our youth, and open to them 
 the portals of a brilliant future. 
 
 The Scientitic and Industrial course embraces the following branches : 
 1st, Civil Engineering ; 2nd, Mines and Metallurgy ; 3rd, Mechanics and the 
 orking of Metals ; 4th, Diverse Industries, and Productions. 
 
 Having completed our survey, we return to Bleury street, and soon arrive at the 
 
 CHURCH OF THE GESU. 
 
 The church of the Gesu is. in the opinion of many, one of the most beaatifal 
 church edifices in America. The style of architecture is the round Roman Arch- 
 It is 194 feet long and 90 wide, but at the transept the transversal nave is 144 
 feet long. The height of the two naves is 75 feet. 
 
 The Gesu forms a perfect cross. The head of the cross is formed by the 
 sanctuary. The interior is frescoed in the most elaborate manner. Over tlw 
 high altar is a beautiful fresco representing the crucifixion of our Lord. Higher 
 up the centre piece is a scene from the apocalypse. On the ceiling of the sanc- 
 tuary, the shepherds are .seen adoring the new-born Saviour. 
 
 Against the four large columns which support the ceiling in the centre of the 
 cross, are statues of the four evangelists, bearing lustres with seven branches. 
 
PlCTUREaQ UE MONTREA L. 7S 
 
 Near Iho pulpit is St. Mark with a lion ; at the opposite corner of the saiu^tuary, 
 St. Matthew with an ox ; at the lower corner, on the pulpit side, St. Luke with 
 a child, and opposite, St. John with an eagle. There are also in the eluirch 
 t«evt'nil very tine paintings. 
 
 Our illustration shows the church as it will appear when completed. At 
 present the towers arc only finishe<l to two .stories in height. Adjoining the 
 cbunh, and extending along Dorchester street, is the • 
 
 ST. MAKY's COI.I.EfJE. 
 
 This college, which is under the direction of tlie ScH'iety of Jesuits, was 
 opened on the 'JOth December, IS-IS, and duirtered on tlie lOth of November, 
 IK.W. The building is an imposing and substantial i)ile of stone, four stories in 
 height, and surmounted in the centre by a large dome. 
 
 A Khort distance to the left frt)m lUeury street, on Dorcliester street, is the 
 
 I'ROTESTANT IIOUSK <)1' INDISTRV AXO KEFUGE. 
 
 The building is of brick, three stories in height, with a high basement. On 
 the lirst story is the Ladies' Industrial Department, and the general ollices of 
 the institution ; the .second story contains tlie Hoard nunu and dwelling of the 
 superintendent; the third story is fitted up as dormitories. All casual vi.si tors, 
 receive a meal in the morning and evening, and. as payment fi>r breakfast, they 
 vork at splitting kindling wood for one or two hours. The lunnber of inmates 
 avcrrage about 05 in sunnner and 120 in winter. The number of night lodgings 
 given during the year is about 10,000. The institution posses.ses a farm, wliich 
 was left them by the late Mr. ^lolson, upon which, at some future day, buildings 
 will be erected for permanent inmates. 
 
 Beyond this is tho 
 
 ST. ANDKEW's HOME, 
 
 a building owned by the St. Andrew's StK-iety, and intended as a home for the 
 reception of destitute Scotch people. IJy tho side of this, is the 
 
 CHURCH OF ST. JOHN THE EVANGELIST, 
 
 an unpretending brick building situated at the corner of St. Urbaiu and Dor- 
 cbe*;ler streets, erected in ISOO. and opened March 10th. 1S(!1. The interior of 
 this chapel is fitted up with all the conveniences required for the celebration of the 
 cLurc-h services in tho manner observed by the High Church or Ritualistic Party, 
 of which the incumbent, Rev. E. Wood, and his assistants, are staunch supporters. 
 Still further along, on the ojjposito side of Dorchester street is the 
 
 PRIMITIVE METHODIST CHURCH. 
 
 This building was erected by the French Protestant Missionary Society in 
 connection with the Church of Scotland, by which Society it was used for .some 
 rears. 
 
 It is built of brick, with stone dressings and slate roof, and in the Gothic 
 style of architecture. The church is 53 feet long, by ;iO wide. The pews are 
 <^n, and aiford accommodation for nearly ."JOO. There is a connuodious, well- 
 ligfated basement, adapted for either school or lecture room. 
 
 Again returning to Bleury street, we pass downward, and if our tourist is 
 ioD^ of the Fine Arts, wc shall stop on our way and visit the extensive art 
 
76 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 Kuller>- und Htudio owned by W. Notman, Enq., fWt^jpifkr Ut \he Quovn. 
 Mr Notman's reputation in world-wide, and a prntyll <ti thtt «Hperiar coboellenoo of 
 his pictures is j,Mven in the fact, that to him hiw hum. mm^gfmA lh^ fxcluj<ivu 
 plliot<»gruphic rightH iu connection with the Philadelpiuai GoitBaial Exhibition. 
 The art gallery' is open all day free, and >ifliton are maAt wAtmrne. Adjoining 
 Notman's is a lofty stone structure erected by the B«fiia4>lJtaalaBMULiti»o^n*iiphic 
 Co. The whole extent of this building (with exctyrtwi «tf 9 lifOVM en ground 
 floor) is occupied for the several depurtmcntit of the CMBfaaj^* hmmatam. 
 
 We now hurry onward to our hotel, with the knowferftrt tiutl we have most 
 thoroughly "done " the whole of the city, having *titXL M. 33* -Ikms," and that 
 with but little fatigue or discomfort. Should any of awfriiwiii ifcaiw to purchase 
 anything for their own use, or as .soiinnir, we would ui^W liitnu before making 
 any investment, to call upon tlie tinns who** adverti.-4«>mitiLSA n^i^HruT in this work ; 
 at each and all of th».'ni they may rely upon coartet)aa tnaHmiai'L liunert dealing, 
 and full value for their money. 
 
 IJefore taking our leave of the friends with whom we ion* tfemX our time so 
 pleasantly, we would say that 'access to many of the pnvBte «iif iaietiBMt noticed by 
 us, may be readily obtained at little cost, and but little Imm ««Kf tLtJoe, by taking 
 the " Street Railway " or the " City Omnibus and Teamrftr Ow'* ^ convey mces, 
 which for the small charge of five cents (each way irBI Sadke dut twuriht along 
 street*, which will bring liim near to the point he may itisin: U* ««!. Refer- 
 ence to the folding map will show the streets along w&aefti slit cnv or umuibusses 
 run. 
 
JESUITS' CHURCH AS IT WILL APPEAR WHEN COMPLETED. 
 
PLEASURE EXCURSIONS TO TIIE SUBURBS AND ADJACENT 
 
 COUNTRY. 
 
 Couple of days inif>;]it bo woll spont lu visiting points of interest be- 
 yond the city h'niits, where may be seen mtiiiy objects of local and 
 historical siji^nificance, to sivy nothing of the pleasant rides by rail and 
 steamer, or the eijually pleasant drives along the well-kept highways. 
 
 We sliall proceed to give u brief notice of some of the points most likely to 
 
 attract the tourist's attention. 
 
 First of all, and, indeed, ///<■ sight of sights, and the pleasure excursion par 
 
 excelh'itir, is that down tjie 
 
 LACHIJJK R.VPins. 
 
 To make this delightful trip, the tourist will hike the 7 a.m. train from the 
 Bonaventure Station and proceed to Lacliinc, whcio connection is made with a 
 staunch little steamer in which we are to embark. The train \isually reaches 
 Lachine fully an hour before the arrival of the steamer, which starts early from 
 Beauharnois, a village at the head of Lake St. Louis. We avail ourselves of 
 this delay to saunter through the little village of Lachine ; and as we walk along, 
 we shall recount a few incidents concerning this village. First of all, as to the 
 origin of its name, La Chine. The one grand idea which i)ervaded the minds of 
 the early explorers of the St. Lawrence, was that its waters would furnish tliem 
 u short route to China and India. Filled with this, they pushed forward on ttieir 
 way, and when they reached this point, it is said that, looking over the expanse 
 of Tiake St. Louis, they were overcome with ecstasy, and exclaimed, " La Chenie, 
 La Chenie ! " So much for tradition concerning the origin of the name. Whether 
 this is reliable we are not prepared to say, but we purpose relating one event of 
 a deeply mournful nature, which is beyond doubt. l*erhaps our tourist is a stu- 
 dent of History; if so, he will, ere this, have read of the " Massacre of Lachine." 
 Treachery seems to have marked the dealings alike of French and Indian during 
 the early days. But the man who excelled all others in artitlce and deep hostility, 
 was a Huron chief named Le Rat. The French had almost concluded very satis- 
 factory negotiations for peace with the Five Nations, when this Chief determined 
 to undo all by one stroke of bloody diplomacy. The Indian deputies had left 
 Montreal, and were quietly proceeding to their tribes to report the treaty, when 
 Le Rat with some of his warriors pursued them, and killed several, taking the 
 rest prisoners. * 
 
 When one of them explained to him the object of their journey, he feigned 
 great surprise, and told them that he had attacked them by the express orders of 
 the French Governor, de Nonville. He then released the prisoners, exce])t one, 
 and addressing the principal one he said : " Go, my brother, I untie your hands 
 and send you home again, though our nations be at war ; the French Governor 
 has made us commit so black a crime, that I shall never be easy till the Five 
 Nations have taken revenge." 
 
78 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 This artifice succeeded, and the Indians, enraged at the supposed treachery 
 of the French, at once called a council of war, and decided to attack Montreal 
 and lay waste the country. 
 
 " The winter and spring of 1688-89 had been passed in an unusually tranquil 
 manner, and the summer was pretty well advanced, when the storm suddenly 
 fell on the beautiful Island of Montreal. During the night of the 5th of Aug- 
 ust 1,400 Iroquois traversed the Lake St. Louis, and disembarked silently on the 
 upper part of the island. Before daybreak next morning the invaders had taken 
 their station at Lachine, in platoons around every house within the radius of 
 several leagues. The inmates were buried in sleep — soon to be the dreamless 
 sleep that knows no waking, for many of them. The Iroquois only waited for 
 a signal from their leaders to make the attack. It was given. In a short space 
 the doors and the windows of the dwellings were broken in ; the sleepers dragged 
 from their beds — men, women and children, all struggling in the hands of their 
 butehers. Such houses as the savages cannot force their way into, they tire ; 
 and as the flames roach the persons of those within, intolerable pain drives them 
 forth to meet death beyond the threshold, from beings who know no pity. The 
 fiendish murderers forced parents to throw their children into the flames. Two 
 hundred persons were burnt alive ; others died after prolonged torture. Many 
 were reserved to perish similarly at a future time. The fair island iipon which 
 'he sun shone brightly erewhile, was lighted up by fires of woe ; houses, planta- 
 tions, and crops were reduced to ashes, while the ground recked with blood up 
 to a short league from Montreal. The savages crossed to the opposite shore, the 
 desolation behind them being complete, and forthwith the parish of La Chenaye 
 was wasted by fire, and many of its people massacred. The savages lost but 
 three men in the work of desolation." 
 
 The village of Lachine was formerly the Canadian headquarters of the 
 Hudison Bay Co., and here, during his lifetime, resided Sir Geoi'ge Simpson, 
 Governor of the Hudson Bay Territory. Tlie village in those days presented a 
 gay appearance, especially on the day set for the departure of the fleet of canoes 
 for the great North- West. 
 
 Laehine is now a popular summer resort for the citizens of Montreal, and 
 along the river front are many neat cottages, erected for the accommodation of 
 the visitors. There are some large ecclesiastical edifices in the lower village, but 
 we shall not have time to visit them, as our steamer is now nearing the wharf. 
 We now embark, and leaving the wharf we shoot out to the centre of the river, 
 passing the Indian village of Caughnawaga, and immediately enter the rapids. 
 
 The Jjachine Rapids are considered the most dangerous of the series of the 
 "St. Lawrence Rapids." The surging waters present all the angry appearance 
 of the ocean in a storm ; the boat strains and labors ; but unlike the ordinary 
 pitching and tossing at sea, this going down hill by water produces a novel sen- 
 sation, and is, in fact, a service of some danger, the imminence of which is en- 
 hanced to the imagination by the roar of the boiling current. Great nerve and 
 force and precision are here required in piloting, so as to keep the vessel's head 
 straight with the course of the rapid ; a pilot, skilful, experienced, and specially 
 chosen for the purpose, takes charge ' f the wheel, extra hands 'stand by to assist, 
 while others go aft to the tiller, to be ready to steer the vessel by its means should 
 the wheel tackle by any accident give way ; the captain takes his place by the 
 wheelhouse, ready with his bell to communicate with the engineer ; the vessel 
 plunges into the broken and raging waters, she heaves and falls, rolls from side 
 to side, and labors as if she were in a heavy sea, the engine is eased, and the 
 steamer is carried forward with frightful rapidity. Sometimes she appears to be 
 rushing headlong on to some frightful rock that shows its bleak head above the 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 79 
 
 white foam of the breakers ; in the next insto.it she has shot by it and is making 
 a contrary course, and so she thr-^ads her way through the crooked channel tlu>s(> 
 mad waters are rusliing down. i\. few moments suffice for this, and the snioolh 
 green waters are readied again. A slight Rapid called Norma Rapid is then 
 passed through, and after shooting under that great monument of (>ngineering 
 skill, the Victoria Bridge, and past tho Canal Basin, the steamer lands her 
 passengers at one of the wharves at about 9 o'clock, just in time and with a good 
 appetite for breakfast. 
 
 Wlien Ave inform our tourist that the total cost of this pleasant trip is but 
 .50 cents, he will agree that the (piestion of expense need not be taken into 
 consideration. 
 
 Having refreshed the inner man, Ave are ready for a trip to 
 
 ST, Helen's island. 
 
 This beautiful island lies opposite the city. It has for nearly 200 years been 
 an important military j)ost. Under the French, it Avas a strongly fortified place, 
 and even at present, the defences Jire not to be despised. It is truly a beautiful 
 island, and even Avhen it was occupied by the Imperial troops, were it not for the 
 A\dnte tents seen among the trees, no one Avould liave suspected it to be a strong 
 military post, Avluch probably held more shot and shell in its cool under- 
 ground magazines than Avould bloAV all the Island of Montreal to atoms. The 
 barracks are noAV occupied by a company of Dominion Artillery ; but the Ishmd 
 has been virtually handed over to the civic authorities to be used as a public 
 park for Avhich it is admirably adapted. The Island received its name from the 
 beautiful and dcA'oted Avife of Champlain, Avho by her kindness so Avon +he hearts 
 and affections of the Indians. It is said that in accordance Avith the custom of 
 the day, she carried a small mirror suspended from her neck, and the Indians 
 seeing themseh-es therein, Avent to their homes delighted that the beautiful pale 
 faced lady carried their likeness on her heart. 
 
 If the day chosen by us to visit the Island be Saturday, or a ])ublic liolidsiy, 
 such as Dominion Day, the road as Ave approach the Avharf Avill present a lively 
 appeanuice. The throngs pour down the incline to the loAver Avharf, and stream 
 along the parapet — men, Avomen, and children, and the baby too, in the arms of 
 the father — and Avith the croAvd aac pass along, buy our ticket, present it at the 
 gate and pass on board the commodious ferry steamer Avhich soon conveys us 
 across, and Ave land at a new Avharf near the upper end of the Island. A 
 fcAV paces and we are in the Avood, and proceeding up the cool shaded paths Avhich 
 lead to the back of the Island, as the favorite locality is named. Soon Ave hear 
 the echoes of music and laughter, or the merry voices joining in some chorus, 
 these AA'ith the sounding harmonies of the brass band, cause the old forest to ring 
 with melody. Next Ave see the refreshment stands, (strictly temperance drinks 
 only alloA\ed, we are happy to say) and the pavilions for rest and shade over- 
 looking the near flowing stream. Then we are among the dancing stands, the 
 hobby-horse platfonns, the lofty SAvings, the pistol galleries, and the four or five 
 thousand merry makers. Skirts are flowing and laughter ringing from tlie 
 rushing swings. Mounted by freshness and beauty, the hobby-horses fleet around 
 the limits of their little arena, the crack of the pistols in the shooting gallery, 
 the popping of soda corks ; the merry laugh of children joining in harmoniously 
 with the feelings of the visitor. A stroll to visit the old military burial groiind, 
 then round the noAv dilapidated guard houses, the powder magazines, and then 
 down the steep banks to the river margin, and avc watch the little ones playing 
 in the shiilloAv stream behind the Island. Or looking doAvn the river we see 
 Longueuil, once the site of the liaron de Longueuil's Chateau and fort, noAV a 
 
80 
 
 PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 beuutiful village, much frequented by MDJitreulers in summer. Again we pass 
 to the city front of the Island, and watch the noble steamships passing on their 
 course towards the ancient capital Quebec, and thence across the mighty Atlantic. 
 Or reclining upon the grassy bank, we look across to the great city which lies so 
 quiet that we can scarcely realize that we arc so near its streets. From St. 
 Helen's Island a beautiful view of the city can be obtained. Its massive build- 
 ings, and its extensive wharves forming a decided contrast to the view ])resented 
 to the French sentry as he paced to and fro in the olden time. Tlie low muddy 
 beach, the ancient walls. Citadel Hill, the old Parish Church of Ville ^liiiie. lui\ (> 
 passed away, and, with exception of the Bonsecours Church on the river side, and 
 old Mount Royal in the back ground, all is changed. 
 
 A very tine view of the Victoria Bridge is also obtained from the head of the 
 Island. The rapidly increasing trade of the city seems to demand that extra 
 
 "" i="-'^j^-^-- 
 
 MONTBBAL, FROU ST. IIRLEN'S ISLAND, IN 1803, SIIOWINO TRB OLD WALLS. 
 
 facilities should be secured for crossing the river, and accordingly it is proposed 
 to build another bridge across St. Lawrence, passing over the Island on which 
 we now stand. This bridge will be known as the Royal Albert Bridge. 
 Although this bridge is yet in the future, and therefore can scarcely be in- 
 cluded in a record of the present day's pleasure, still, as we are on the Islaiul, 
 we think it well to take note of all eoniievted with it, or as in this instance, that 
 which may in the future be coiiHcvtcd with it. 
 
 We now retrace our steps toward the wharf, and once more are carried across 
 the stream safely, and landed in the city. 
 
 There are other places which, if the tourist should have time, he might visit 
 and greatly enjoy himself. Such would be a trip via Grand Trunk Railway to 
 the romai/"i; Belanl Mountain, with its mountain lake, its lofty peak, and a 
 pilgrimage to the sacred shrine at its sunuuit. Again be might take the 
 line of the Montreal Portland and I^oston Railway, and visit the ancient ruins of 
 Fort Chambly, which have withstootl the blast of more than a century's storms, 
 
PICTURESQUE MONTREAL. 
 
 81 
 
 and the attacks of many enemies. It stands almost alone as a relic of French 
 power, and but recently a society in France desired to purchase it and the site, 
 from the Clovernment, in order that steps should be taken to preserve its now fast 
 mouldering walls. Its ancient rubble masonry, its massive towers, and above all 
 
 FOIiT CHAMItl-Y. 
 
 its wonderfully well preserved entrance gate, the nuisoury of which it was said 
 was specially ])repared in Old France and then transported to its destination in 
 old "Chambly Fori by the Richelieu,'' all combine to add interest to this localilw 
 Still another lialf day might be spent in visiting the old French villao-e of 
 Laprairie, which lies !) miles above the city, on the opposite shores of the 8t. 
 Lawrence. Here you will see the remains of the old palisade and walls which 
 in the Indian wars served to protect the settler. The village is worthy of notice 
 from the fact that the tirst railway connecting Montreal witli the United States 
 had its ternunus here. Ikit the old village is now just about the same as it 
 was a quarter of a century ago, and its quaint old streets boast of no chano'o. 
 Its church is worthy of a visit, but its day as a railroad terminus luis long since 
 passed, the old wooden rails have rotted away, and like its sister villa "-es St. 
 Lambert and Longueuil, it has been robbed of much of its trade by the ei'ection 
 of Victoria ])ridg(>. AVe now part with our tourist not without expressin<'- the 
 hope that our ett'orts to act the pa,rt of cicerone have been acceptable, and now 
 bid you in the most comprehensive meaning of the word — 
 
 ADIEU ! 
 
Ml^ 
 
 TARIFF FOR HACKNEY CARRIAGES. 
 
 
 Oiit-Hor»t VfhiiUf — From any i)lace to auy other 
 without Htoppin^: — One or two pernons, ia cents. Throe 
 or four persons. 40 cents. 
 
 From any place to any other, and back, provided the 
 time occupied do not exceed the half hour : — One or 
 two jxrsous, 35 cents. Three or four p»»r.sous, 50 cents. 
 
 ■\Vlicu the drive exceeds the half hour, hour rates to 
 be (har-rcil. 
 
 B;i the Hour — For the first liour : — One or two per- 
 sons, 60 cent.-. Three or four persons, '•') cents. 
 
 For every sul)«equeut hour: — One or two persons, 
 -50 cents. Tliree or four persons, C.5 cents. 
 
 Tirn-Horst VehifUa — Ftum any plac<- to any other, 
 without .stopping:: — One or two persons, 40 (^ents. Throe 
 or four persons. -50 cent*. 
 
 From any place to any other, and back, provided the 
 time occupied do not exceed half an hour : — One or two 
 {K>rsons, 2.5 cents. Three or four persons, 65 (^uts. 
 
 For time in excess of the half hour, hour rates to 
 be charged. 
 
 Bij the Hoar — One or two persona, 80 cents. Three 
 or four persons. $1.00. 
 
 Fractiou.s of hours to be charg^ at pro rata hour 
 rates — but not les,s than one-quarter of an hour shall 
 be charged when the time exceeds the hour. 
 
 Fifty per cent, to be added to tlxc tariff rates for 
 rides from Ttcelre midnight to Four a.m. 
 
 The tariff by the hour shall apply to all rides ex- 
 tending beyond the City Limits — when the engagement 
 i.-i commenced and concluded within the city. 
 
 Bagijaffe — For etich tmnk or box earned in auy 
 veliicle, 10 cents. 
 
 But no charge »hall be made for travelling bags or 
 valises which pikssengertt can carry by the hand. 
 
 m. 
 
 !i