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Les cartes, planches, tableaux, etc., peuvent Stre filmds d des taux de reduction diffdrents. Lorsque le document est trop grand pour dtre reproduit en un seul cliche, il est filmd d partir de I'angle sup^rieur gauche, de gauche d droite, et de haut en bas, en prenant le nombre d'images n^cessaire. Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la m^thode. 1 2 3 32 X 1 2 3 4 5 6 ■ i||^ National Library Bibliotheque nationale ■ T of Canada du Canada 41 DB LA SALLE SERIES OF READERS THE ELEMENTARY READER. Sanctioned by the Council of Public Instruction, MONTREAL ^1 C" 1177 Entered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada in tlie yoiv of Our Lord, 1887, by M. M. GRAHAM, in the Office of the Minister of Agriculture and Statistics, at Ottawa. 891 1 !8 PREFACE. lada in the '^'he arrangement of the cuibject-matter of the Elementauy KEAri-i: has been carefully adapted to the capacity of the pupila who have already mastered the Primary Reader. It will be observed that there is a gradation in the lessons, and that they are of an interesting and instruclive character. Years of ripe experience have demonstrated the superiority of the Phonic Method, supplemented by the Word-Method, and for this reason it has been continued in this book. Pupils should be made familiar with them as also with the words with which they are associated. The most difficult words in each lesson are placed at the head of It, divided into syllables,and accented in accordance with the diacrit- ical marks of Webster's Dictionary. To enable the pupil to retain the contents of the lesson, and to grasp Its leading ideas, Questions have been introduced. They are to be considered as suggestions, simply, and experienced teachers will modify, omit, or.amplify them to suit the varying requirements of the class. Furthermore, these questions are intended to elicit thought and mvention. Hence it is very advisable to question much, for it is by thorough examination only that the teacher is enabled to know how far the pupils have understood the subject-matter. IV ELEMENTARY HEADER. Tho conipilors liavo not lost sight of tlio special object of this scries. They arc aware that true education does not consist in tiie mere development of the intellectual faculties, but in tiio luuiuonious development of all tho faculties of mind and heart. For this reason have they introduced subject-matter that has a strictly moral tend- ency. The teaclirr may dovelofi and amplify the lesson inculcated. Thus with tin- proper dcvclnpinent of mind and heart, the object of this Skiuks will be attained. CONTKXTa Preface Eleirienta of Good R(\a |j[^| Wliat PicdiroH Touch, , ' Never Tell a Lie, . ^ \ We Must not Be Idle, Little Nell's Letter, The Creation, {Convermtlofud^ The Fox, . . , ^ " A Story about a, Slave, The Old Slate, ' ' A Letter from Henry, Business before Pleasure, ' Money, Adam and Eve, {C'onmsa/ii)w/n William James, The La/y Mp^Um God Is Near, . . , "' How the Horse SliouW be TrmM The Fish, . ^ ' The Works of God, . ' An Answer to Fiuncig, 111 ix X PAGE 13 16 20 23 25 27 29 32 35 38 43 45 47 50 53 64 57 60 62 63 vt ELEMENTARY READER. r.EKSON. 8ELK0TI0N, 21 23 24 25 2G 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Swaps, Tim Bird's Nost, Aloiin in the Dark, , TlioThmighlloss Boy, Noali, ( Cnnvcrmtiondl,) Honesty Rewardod, The Earth, Sun, and Moon, Tho Little Wren, . The ]\liller and His .Son, School at Home, 'Ihe Slrmvje Little Boy, Acting a Lie, . Jacob, {Conversational,) J low Canaries Live and Sing, Tho Old Man and (irandson, The Tempter, . The Poor Child's Hymn, Parrots, .... Gems, .... rAOE 67 70 74 75 77 81 84 80 89 91 94 97 98 102 104 106 108 109 114 PART II. 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Reading, .... The Garden, The Seasons, . ... Josepli, ( Conversational,) Birds of* Prey, The Black Bear, Letter Writing, (Conversational, My Mother, Moses, {Conversational,) . The Kobni, The Farmer in Autumn, . Rabbits, .... Learn Your Lesson, The Fanner in Winter, . ) 116 120 122 126 129 131 134 140 142 147 150 163 157 168 • 1 CONTENTS. vii TAQE 1 I,K8H0N. HELKC'TIUN. rAUB. 67 1 ^^ Sha'ii't anil Won't, ... T ... 161 70 •f IG Making Ma])le Sugar, . 162 . 74 17 'Dnvld, (Conversational,) . . 164 . 75 18 Air, Wind, and Dow, . . 167 . 77 19 I'/ie iSevcn Sacravients, . , . 170 81 20 Silk. . 173 . 84 21 Flax, . . . 176 . 86 22 The Hail Mary, . 178 89 23 Cotton, . 181 91 24 Coal, . . 183 94 25 The Ply, . . 185 97 26 Tea, . . 187 98 27 Sugar, 189 . 102 28 Love of Prayer, . 191 . 104 29 Morning Hymn, 194 . 106 ' 30 Coffee, 195 • 108 31 North, South, East, West, . ' . 198 . 109 i 32 Child's Morning Hymn, . 199 . 114 1 33 Love of Parents, .... 200 1 34 Doves and Pigeons, .... 202 £ 35 Virgin Mother, 2'.* 1 36 A Pleasant Sunday Evening's Search, i ^Conversational ) 206 1 37 Good Example, 211 . 115 1 . 120 1 . 122 1 . 126 1 . 129 38 39 Mother, What Is Death? . The Botany-Leas^ : .... 212 215 40 The Choice of Trades, . , , 218 41 42 The River, Zife—Its Duties, .... 220 224 . 131 . 134 . 140 . 142 . 147 . 150 1 «i . 153 j . 157 1 . 158 J tnt riEMENTARY READEh. PHONIC OEART VOWELS. a a k u far nil c'A re &sk 6 T I 5 as in lake I ns in wh^t ,-. as in b6x " ic " ks,orgz" bdx.eyist n b5x ' Q§e Op ' fup ' too •■ idt>k r w froze sing chick shs ELEMENTS OF QOOD BEADING. L-PRO^UNClATlOiY, Correct pronunciation consists in giving to each oral element its proper sound, and the placing of the accent. Errors in pronunciation which are not the result of carelessness, arise from defects in the organs of speech, or from a defective ear. Errors are made by the omission, addition, or substi- tution of an oral element. 1— OMISSION OF AN ORAL ELEMENT. inink the wh^t an for and hist'ry " history writin for writing trav'lcr " traveler ev'ry " every Feb'uaiy " February mem'ry " memory beaa " l^oasts 2.-ADDITI0N OF AN ORAL ELEMENT. ome )r helum for holm heat " eat loudher for louder soften " sofn ,it,€9uld drownded " drowned neow " now attacktcd " attacked t'ty 1 milik " milk 1 3.— SUBSTITUTION OF AN ORAL ELEMENT. linH 1 5x,e^ist ■ chimley for chimnev said " said(sed) winder for window baskit " basket honust gether wen wat wich warn ELEMENTARY READER. " honest " gather 4— MISCELLAXEOUS. scperate soorce If u separate source for when " what " which " warm i(le;ir cawd watah ketch for idea " cord " water " catch 6.— THE BLENDING OF SYLLAELI'S BELONGING TO DIFFERENT WORDS. The pure ein art Two small legs There ris sa calm Some mice de scream instead of The pure in heart Two small eggs There is a calm Some iced cream II.— ACCENTUATION. Accent is the peculiar force of voice given to one or more syllables of a word. The accented syllable is often marked thus (') ; as, in mean'-ing, at-ten'-tion , al'-ways. III.-KEY TO THE PRONUNCIATION. Vowels. REGULAR LONG AND SHORT SOUNDS. a, long, as in ate, ciuiic, gray. a, sJwrt, " '< at, have, fan. ?. s «. ?u ch. sc €h, h g> lu 6» so §> so th, 111 th, ft ?. lil ph, gi- qu, \i\ i:LONGING INTRODUCTION. xi e, htiKj, us ill thcsn, see, meat. S, ^Imrl, " " eiul, met, letter. I, Ion;/, <« " ice, find, ride. I, Hhort, " " ill, fi„, thimble. o, hmt/, " « old, note, loaf. o, K/mi, " " on, not, song. U, huf/, " " use, tulie, flute. ti, short, " " us, tub, study. y, hn„, « " %, sky, style. S, xhor/, '< '= abyss, Nymph. OCCASIONAL SOUNDS. a . . air, share. a (llahan) . . a.ai. fVuher. a . . ask, grass, a, Sroarf.. all, straw, a, s/io/V . . was. ^ there heir e . . prey, obey. §, before r . . her, person, i . . pique' i,likee bird. 6.. son, done. o.. do, prove. 9.. could, wolf. 6.. fork, ought. 55 fool CS6 . . foot, good. u . . bush. put. Ci . . burn, curl, urge, u, preceded by r. . rude, rule. A line drawn through a letter marks it silent, as in pl^, coi^t, %inf^. EEGULAR DIPHTHONGAL SOUNDS. oi, or oy, as in oil, join, toy, oyster. ou,orow, " " out, found, owl, vowel. CONSONANTS. ?, soft, like s sharp, jee, place, notice «, fuird, like k call, come, care. ch, soft like sh, machine, chaise. eh, Jiard, like k, school, chorus, chord. ?' ^'^'■'^' get, begun, tiger. 9' ""-^^ ^'^'' '■'••• gem, gentle, giant. §, soft, or vocal like c, has, amuse, cars th, unmarked, shurp, thin, thorn, throw. th, Jlat or vocal, these, bathe, that. ?, hke gz, ^^^^^^ examine, example. ph, gh, hke /, orphan, laugh. qu, like*«,, queen, (iueer, (iuick. XII ELEMENTARY READER. lY.-PAUSES AND MARKS. , Comma.— The Comma marks the shortest stop in readino;. ; Semicolon.— The Semicolon marks a stop a little longer than the comma. : Colon.— The Colon marks a stop a little longer than the semicolon. • I'eriod.-The Period marks a full stop. It is placed at the end of a sentence. ? Note of Interrogation.— The note of Interrogation shows that a (question is asked; as, "Do you think he will come to-day ? " ! Note of Ex<.]amation. - The note of Exclamation denotc's a strong Hvling ; as, " my dear child ! " —Dash.—Tho Dash denotes a sudden turn or break in | a sentence; as, " Hi. name was-but I think I will not teli you his nanio." (iuotution Marks.— Quotation Marks show that the I exact words of another are taken or quoted ; as, " No " said Patrick, " I tlunk he will not come. " Notes.— 1. AVe should read as if we were talking or tellmg about what the book says. 2. We should always know the sense of what we are | readmg; for we eanuot read a piece well unless we know what it moans. ELE al'-wayi at-tSn'-ti eare'-lge eon-vSr ex-prSsS fu'-ture, me)^n'-ii prom'-Ts sup- port 1. Li 1) right f ing at J before. 2. H] book, i Header. lortest stop in T a little longer le longer than It is placed Interrogation I think he will Exclamation ilJ ! " •n or break in nk I will not show that the i 1; as, "No," 'e talking or what we are ess we know ELEMENTARY READER, P^RT I. Lesson 1. THE NEW BOOK. al'-way§, ad., perpetually .■ throughout all time. at-tSn'-tion, m., act of attending; heed. care'-lSss, adj., Jiaving no care; heedless. eon-vSr-sa'-tion, n., discourse. ex-prSsi^', V. t., to make known, fu'-ture, adj., time to come. me^n'-Ing, lu, purpose ; signification. prom'-Ise, n,. word; a dcdaralion vhich hinds the one who makes it 3Up-port', V. t., to sustain; to hear up; to maintain; to favor. 1. Little Paul Flanagan 'was a]^va^^s a ni-ight and cheerful boy. ]5ut, oneiine niorii- ing at school, he looked happier tlian ever before. 2. His teacher liad just given him a new book. Yes, he had given him the FJemontanj Reader. - Well done, Paul," said his teacher. u ELEMENTAEY READER. you have been a good boy. You have not been idle or careless. 3. ''If you had been an idle boy, you would not have the book, you must try hard to be soon able to read well all the lessons that are in it. 4. " In order to read well, it is not enough to be able to read the words at sight. You must express or bring out the full sense of the words. To do this properly, you must pay attention to what you are reading and to understand the meaning of all that you read. 5. '' You must also be careful about the manner in which you read. 6. " You must not I'ead too fast. To read i too hi be cai 7. ' nor in 8. ' struct( 9. I teache day b( brougl was a work 1 felt hii richer 10. ; so glad a good words, her ear him an 11. J Paul, a How ]i; see littl words i] u have not 3 boy, you ist try hard the lessons lot enough ght. You 11 sense of you must iding and ^ that you iibout the THE NEW BOOK. 15 too fast is a great fault, and children should be careful to avoid it. 7. "But you uiust not read too slowly, nor in a dull, lifeless manner. 8. "Try to read as you hear well-in- structed people speak in conversation. " a Paul paid close attention to all that his teacher said. He learned his lessons that day better than ever before. Full of joy, he brought home liis book to his mother, who was a widow. She was poor, and had to work hard to sui)port her children, but she felt happier that evening than any of her richer neigli])ors. 10. She was lia[)py at seeing little Paul so glad. She was hai)i)y because he was now a good boy, and by his actions, as well as his words, gave good ])romisefoi' the future. All her earthly ho])e and love wei-e centered in him and his bi-otlier John. ^ 11. John was two years younger than Paul, and was too small to be sent to school. How happy it madc^ their good mother to see little Paul leach John to spell the easy To read | words in the P •unary Header I 16 ELEMENTARY READER. 12. Little Paul was always sure to spare some time from ])lay, oT from the study of liis own lessons, in order to teach John. 13. Little boys ought to imitate Paul. They should be always good and useful when they can. Questions.— I. Wliat is the title of this lesson?— 2. What is said of httle Paul Flanagan ?— 3. What was the cause of his happiness? —4. Repeat the words of the teacher to little Paul, as contained in the tiiird ]iara-i-ai.h.— 5. To read well, what is the first thing to be done?— G. What limits should you avoid in reading?—?. How should you try to read?— 8. Did Paul jmy attention to the instructions of his teacher?— 9. What did he do with his book?— 10. What made Paul's mother so happy?— 11. Had Paul any brothers?— 12. How did he act with regard to John ? Lesson II. HOW JAMES LEARNED TO READ. a,n-iu§e', r. t., to entertain. ■elog'et, n., a small aimrtmcnt. e'v^n-ing,n., the close, of the dag e-K-cepi', prep., exclunirdij of. le^rn, v. t., to acquire knowUdgc. pT-c'-tur^, n., a painting ; a likeness. plei^§'-ant, adj.. delightful; agreeable. ste^'-pl^, n., spire of a chnrch. sup-pose, V. t., to admit withmit proof ■ to hdieve. ttim'-bl^, V. i., to fall; to roll about. HOW JAMEg LEARNED TO READ. 17 1. Would you like to know how James learned to read ? 2. It is very hard work to learn to read, and it takes a great while to do it. 1 will tell you how James did it. 3. One evening James was sitting on the floor, by the side of the fire, playing with his blocks. He wa^ trying to build a chu?'ch. 4. He could make the church very well, all except the steeple ; for it would always tumble down. 5. Presently, his father said : " James, you may put your blocks into the basket, and put the basket in its place in the closet, and then come to me. " 6. Then James' father took him upon his lap, and took a book out of his pocket. His father said, " I suppose you thought there were pictures in this book." "Yes, sir," said James. 7. " There are none, " said his father. " I have not got this book to amuse you. I am going to have you learn to read it ; and learn- ing to read is not easy work. " 18 ELEMENTARY READER. 8. James was very ghul wjieii lie lieard this. He wanted to learn to read, so that he could read story-books ; nnd lie thought that learning to read was very pleasant, easy work. 9. His father knew that he thought so, and therefore he said: " I suppose you are glad that yon are going to learn to read ; but it is hard work, and it will take longer time than you think. " 10. "^^ You will often get very tf f ed before you have learned how to read and you will now JAMKS lKAU}^y4 lie licard so that lie oiiglit that sant, easv ' 'f(f UK AD. 10 Lought so, e you are to read; ke longer ed before you will . want to stop. JJut ymi ttiit^i „„t stop "- I ';Wlmt!"said Jamcs/^ ;^lm)J { j.^vor stop, till 1 have learned lo vomI'/'* 11. "Oh, no, "said hhki)wr; - T do not mean that you iniist )><> \mmti iUmt i,mo^, althouUh^,^, W.f6 there an V pictures lead.''— 7. VVliat was James' reply ? ° ii 20 ELEMENTARY KEADER. Lkssox hi. WHAT PICTURES TEACH. b^au'-tl-fLil , ndj., fair ; Imriixj hmnty. che^r-fLiI, ,(,!]., Hiiimntnl; f;,n/. c het^ !■- 1 ess, adj., tlmin/ ; ijloomn : xad. chlll'-y. lulj., mmcirhiit cold. €Url'-ing, ddj., hmud in ritJ"jl(fs. dViv'-G^n, r.l.,drift,d. ex-po§ecl', r. (., laid ojini, or bear ; unprotected. ffin'-cy, r. /., iiiKKjine; bclierr. fr-ank', ,(,//., open.,- raudid ; iindist/iiiml. he^lth'-y, adj., etijoijiiuj health. klnd'-n^SS, «,, yood-wiU ; ajleethm. 1. Is not tliis a beautiful picture? What a Hue, round, liealthy, and noble face this child has ! His hair is soft and curly. How round and full his arms are! They are al- most as white as driven snow. 2. Surely, this boy is the very picture of health and childish beauty. His frank and honest face tells us that he is happy. How much we can read in that face ! He must have kind parents, who love him dearly. 3. And the young man— the stranger, who so kindly takes the hand of this child— has he not a fine face too ? He speaks gently to the child. You can see that in his very face. We can almost fancy that we hear him speak I •e? What face this ly. How y are al- )ictiire of rank and ►y. How He must early. iger, who lild— has gently to | ery face. | im speak WHAT PICTUEES TEACH. 2I words of kindness. He has not an nngry look. His face shows that he is jigood vou.io- man. ' ' " L And what season of the }'ear do you suppose it is ? Is it summer or is it winter ? How can you tell ? Do you think the white in the picture is snow ? Does it look cold and cheerless there ? 5. If it were snow, would the boy be bare- foot ? Would his arms be bare ? Would be ''is n m • ELERrENTARY HEADER. be withoia t a bat or a cap on liis liend ? Would ihow, he grass, and leaves, and lloweis around liini, if it wcM-e \vinl(>r? Would lie look so clieerliila:id luippy, it'lie weiestandino- hare- foot in the snow? fi. ITjive you ever heard of the cold called plnrliiiii/ cohl y Why do we say it l^pincMmj cold y because severe cold seems to pinch up the face, and the hands, jind all the i)arts that are exi)osed to the chilly air. Does this boy h)ok as though he were innvlml with cold? Does not his o[)en, cheerful, sunny face show that it is summer-time ? 7. How ])lainly good pictures speak to us ! How much they show ! How much they may teach us, if we study them well ! They tell a >vhole story at once ; and they tell it in such ji manner that it always interests us. They tell tlie story so that v. '» can see it. as well as read it; and whnL \>o ^^c, we do not easily forget. 8. Children, study the ])ictures in this book, and they will teach you many a useful lesson. Ask yourselves as many questions nier { ture t^ as ver NEVER TEI.L A TJE. n 1(1? Would CMS around lie look so iding baro- rold called hj) inching pinch up tlie parts Does this ^chcd with ul, sunny I 'cak to us ! tlioy may They tell tell it in teres ts us. 1 see it. as we do not 3s in this ly a useful questions ahout lluMu jis you can, and sec iiow many of tlieni you can answer. nu, ^iU>ns.—\. What does tliin picture ropreaent? Namo allthe svor.18 in the first paragraph iiso.l U qualify tho noun face, hair and arms.— 2. By locking at tho Luy.s la..', ^iiat ran you sav of him"— 3' Who takca care of tho boy?-4. }I„\v .loos ho appear?— 5. What season does tlio picture represent ?-G. What siiows tliat it is sum- mer?— 7. What liavo you (o say of good pictures"— 8. What advico is given to children in this lesson '.' Lesson IV. NEVER TELL A LIE. nlclfe, V. (., to roiitcdl. hO'-ly, adj., IK if nil ji purr : tliriiii ; jn'oiis. U^, tt., a., criminnf fdlsi/ioo,/. '9§H. ''• <■» to KiiJI'rr 10S.-I ; to intstc. ScrTpt'-ur^S, >i., l/,r writtm uoni of (lod. torn, p. 2>-, front tivr, mil. Qp-Sfit', r., t., to orrrlitni : to orrrthrow. wTck'-Sd, adj., vicious; unjmt; sinful. 1. No, do not tell a, lie. Tell the truth at all times, and be kind and good to all, and then all will love you, and you will be happy. ^ 2. Do you know that it is sinful to tell lies ? Yes, you have often been told so. The Holy Scripture also says so; and the Scrip- ...It. i,!i,,, .^av Axivn. ills very mean, as well as very sinful, to tell lies, y 24 ELEMENTARY READER. 3. If you tell lies, God will be angry with you ; all good men will desj^ise you ; and all good boys will shun you. Then what would you gain by telling lies? You would not gain anything, but you would lose much. A child that lies, no one will trust, lie should speak the thing that's true; And he that does one wrong at first, And lies to hide it, makes it two 4. If you tell lies, you will also feel sorry. yourself. You will know that you have done wrong ; and when you are wicked you can not help feeling sorry. A bad boy can not be happy. 5. Then be a good and honest child, so that all may love you. If you have been careless, and have broken a window, or torn a book, or lost the key of the door, or upset the ink on the table, go to your father, or mother, or teacher, and say : I did it and I am sorry for it. 5. Yes, that is the best way ; that is the ^ right way ; that is the honest way. Would you not like to be happy? Then be an I honest child, and never, never tell a lie. Do you w: the tri Questio ^u'iven abo •'). If you 1 you do \vl: you do to bee, «., o ■catch, V. hay'-rl-e hon'-ey, T'-cll^, culj sSns^, v. sttid'-y, 1 1. T was Pa liad \)\\ sent hii as muci 2. 0] to scho ii])on tl said, " '. WE MUST XOT EE IDLE. 26 angry with )ii ; and all vhat would would not le much. ) feel sorry. . have done id you can oy can not t child, so have been 3W, or torn r, or upset father, or d it and I hat is the T. Would en be an a lie. Do you wish to be a child of God ? Then speak the truth. Queslions.—l. What is (lio subjecl; of this losson? What ailvice is given about lies.— 2. Wliy should we abstain from tolling lies?— 3. If you tell a lie, what will bo the consequence?— 4. What should you do when you have done something wrong ?— 5. What should you do 10 bo happy, and to b ■ a ciiild of God? LessoiV v. WE MUST NOT BE IDLE. be^, w., an insi-d that wakrs honcij, catch, V. (., to hiij hold 0,1. ; to sa'zc ; tu take, liay'-riek, /;., a 2>ii''. of lunj. hon'-fey, ?/., th^'sinrct-pnidwn oj Ucs. I'-dl'B^, ac/J , lazif ; iisctrs.s. sSns^, v., intcll<-ct; vu-anivij. sttid'-y, V. t., to learn; to think closely. I 1. Tliore was once a little hoy wliose name I was Paul Collins, llo was very young, and I liad but little sense. Ilis i^ither and mother J sent him to school, but he did not love study *as much as i)lay. 2. One veiy ])lcasant morning, as he went to school, he saw a bee flying about, first ii])on this flower and tli-n upon that. So he I said, - Pretty bee, will you come and play 26 ELEMENTARY READER. Iji with me?"— But tlio boo said, "No, I must not bo idle ; I uiust go to gatlior lioney. " 3. Tlion (lie little boy met a dog, and he said, "Dog, will you play with me?" But the dog said, " No, I must not be idle, 1 am going to catch a hnw hv my master's dinner ; I must make haste to catch it. " 1. Then the little boy went by a ha.} -rick, and he saw a bird i)ulling some hay out of the hay-rick, and he said, "Little bird, will you come and play with me?" But the bird said, "No, I must not be idle; I must get some hay to build my nest, and some moss, and some wool. " So the bird flew away. 5. Then the little boy saw a horse, and ho said, " Horse, will you play with me ? " But the horse said, " No, 1 must not be idle; I must go to })lough, or else there will be no corn or wheat to make broad. " 6. Then the little boy began to think: "What! is no one idle? Then little boys must not be idle either. " So he made haste, and went to school, and learned his lessons very well, and the teacher said he was a verv good boy. ^ "No, I must icr honey. " dog, and lie me?'' But e idle, I am er's dinner ; T a hay -rick, } hay out of le bird, will j kit the bird I must get some moss, ew away, orse, and he me?" But -be idle; 1 3 will be no to think: little boys nade haste, his lessons was a very NELL'S LETTER 27 ClucRtions.—l. What was tlu^ name of 1 ho boy montiono.l in this l,,sson?— 2. What did the bco answer (o the littlo l)oy ''_.•;. What ihil tho little boy meet next? What (hd ho say to liim?— 4.Wliatclso did the lazy boy meet? What did the bird say to him '^—5. I)i,l (lie iiorsegoandplay with tho little boy? Why not?— C. What did the little boy say to himself? Lesson VI. NELL'S LETTER. hSps, word§, (wur'cl§), iSt'ter, proud'ly, •^rlt^, strdts, ^A^5£(ttl'er■, peS^'cock, pol'ly, grand'ma. Dear Grandma,— I will try to write A very little letter, If I don't spell the words all right, Why, next time I'll do better. My little rabbit is alive, And likes his milk and clover ; He likes to see me veiy much. But is afraid of Rovei*. I have a dove, as white as snow, I call her "Polly Breather" ; She flies and hops about the yard, In every kind of weather. 28 ELEMENTARY EEADER. W The ]iens are ])ieking off tlie grass, And sirigiiio- yciy loudly ; AVhilo our old peacock struts about, And shows his feathers proudly. I Teac T. •/^l•■^•i-»/^^ 1 history ?rass, about, 11(11 V. THE ("liKATrON 29 Lesson A^ll. THE CREATION. Teacher. Well, James, who made vou? God, iimde me. T. Now John, look about you and 1(^1] uie i^omething else God made. He made the sky, the stars, tla; sun, ?cind the moon. I T. John, you answered very well, in- I jdeed.-- William, do you think God made all «'^ nhings? Yes, God made all things, because iili'ilr Ula is all-powerful. ff' \ T. Then, Thomas, you agree with Will- ^''^' " *iaui, do you? I agree with Wiiliam, because no other being could have made all that Ave see. I T. Good, Thomas, good. Will some boy ttell me what this jmwer is called ? ^' ■ Henry.--This is called the power of creation. to see I X. Now, Henry, since you answered so correctly, vrill you j)lease ^ivc me a littlo history of creation ? ■"^^'Sjirfi: m IL. 11^ 30 ELEMENTARY READER i| 11(^11, y —God who made all things; irc^had ]io hcjiijiuiiio-, because he was from all eternity. But the things we see, did not always exist. They had a beginning. It was on the lirst day of creation that God made heaven and earth. He also said, " Let light be made, and light was made. " T. Henry that is excellent. I will not tire you: let Matthias continue. Matthias. — On the second day He made the sky and all the bright stars we sea at night. He then divided the land from the water. T. Good. Let me hear you, Peter. Peter.— On the third day, He covered the earth with all kinds nf froAc flo"^'-^"^ tv^ shrubs. The trees were to bear fruits of their T. ] LIS the s iday ani |the yea '■'I T. I ] ihe fish( iind com ■fply. f T. \ l^ixth da I ^ fill the |Uis crea T. Y I'ontinuc i/Vfter all " Let us likeness. 4^... J. l)ocame THE CREATION 31 |lvind, and both trees and flowers were to liave seeds to i)roduce their own kind. T. Let me hear you, Francis. Francis.— On the fourth day, He gave us the sun and the moon, and thus He made iday and night ; the week, the month, and [the year. T. Paul, will you continue, please ? Paul.— On the tiftli day. He made all the fishes in the sea and the birds in the air, lind commanded that they increase and mult- T. Well, Robert, what did God do on the sixth day ? Robert.— On the sixth day, God made ill the animals. Then after looking over lis creation. He said: " It is good. " T. You answered very well. N^ow I shall bontinue the history which Henry began. Vfter all things were made, then God said : f' Let us make man after our own image and fikeness. " So He made man of the slime of the earth and breathed into him, and man )ecame a living being. His name was M in 1.1." 92 ELEMENTA i; Y 1 ; E A DER. Adam. He iiuido Eve. IIo iiuKkMUjin to know, love, and slm'vo Him. Do not forget this lesson, my doni cliildivn, mid alwnys rememl)er that (lod maih; mini foi- Hiiiiseif, ami all things, siicli ;is llie llowcis, plants, trees, and animals for the use of man, Lesson Ylll. THE POX. be-for^', j^rcp., in front of; j„-io)- to. bush'y, adj.., full ojhiishcs; thick chefc^t, V. t., to (If mild. chased', V. t., liHvtrd ; piiy-iird. ■etin'-i^Tng, adj , artful; snl>th\ es-cap^', r. t., to shun; tojlrcfmn. goose (pi. geese\ v., a vatn-forl. mStch, n., a contest. oft'^n, ad., frrqucntlij ; not Hcldom; mnni/ times. sly'-ly, ad., with artifice ; insidiousli). 1- The fox is a beast of prey. It has a| broad head, a sluirp nose, pointed ears, andj a long bushy tail. 2. The fox lives in a den or hole, which | he often makes neai* a farm-house. He hides I in his den, by aay, and wlien night come^^ on, he leaves his den, and goes slylv to tho farm-yard. 3. : goose, fi'uit, 1 of a he 4. S to hun a long him. 5. TV he run till som 6. If of trees, for him 7. Bi into th( thorny • get out he linds THE ¥0%, 33 3. He IS fond of si i\m>u^ ,„. ^, j,^„ ^,. ^ goose, or a laiiib. JJut lui wjli also eat truit, mice, and i'm^s, W'Uttti he gets hold ofahen or a duek, lie i'uii>i jioirie to his den. 4. Some men keep j>aeli« ^^riioiinds or dogs to liunt and kill the fox, mtti they will run a long way sometimes \H>4mi they can catch him. <««.<. 5. When the fox iinds ihai he is chased, he runs into his hole, v^Umt he lies still, till some dog is sent it f<> /|Hve him out. It lias a, I 6. If his den is below a m'k, or the roots cars, an(i| of trees, he is safe, for tl^^ iUf^ m no match for him there; he can iM>t (w/s ail mtU of plans to vlv to thri 1 *>'{»t oiit of ^lic M'iv n*' Hi' A «? i ^ . -„.-_ .^..M (.{ ,nt wd} oi liiiuh^^, Bjit when he lin4s that lie can not. mmim, he turns and m •I: i: 34 ELEMENTARY READER. fijrlits till ho IS soinotiinos torn in ])iecos. AVc cull ji you no- fox a mh. lint tin; fox is ii(»t only very siy, but jilso vorv ciinnin<'' When any one is very cunning, \vc say, "lie is as cunninii; as a fox. " not sto had hi( 12. . fox, . W hut does the fux do when ho sees him.self chawod ?-(l Wh'if do.s h. do when closely pursued '^-7. What ,lo w., calUyoun.^ fox'^ -*. lielate in your own words the story about the lox. ° Lesson IX. A STORY ABOUT A SLAVE. went over ■ a*^^*^' "■• ^^^^^^"Pfacemthe eanh. 1 ' a*^^§'"® '"'■'"•''* "'^^^'■''cs.v. er side, n('mp-'-on,n..afierce.,strmujnnimal. close to it ■1^^'^' ^■' '^ "'^ "-^ ^'^"*'' '■ « ^o«rf „owc. Jhmp'-Tng, r. /,, tralkiwi lamely. raVsC, fVJ I , "<0' , thankful. iX-p5§^d, V. L, -placed in dnn. What happened when tiie lion saw tlie slave ? " mt. . 4 , f. 38 ELEMENTARY READER. Lesson X. THE OLD SLATE. 1. "I have a great mind to break this stupid old slate, " said Charles, one morn- ing, almost crying over his first lesson in subtraction. — "Why, what has the poor slate done ? " asked his brother Patrick. 2. " Nothing. That is just why I com- plain of it." — -"What a wicked slate, Charles!" 3. ' ' So, it is. I mean to throw it out of the window, and break it in pieces on the stones. " — "Will that get your lesson for you, Charles ? " — " No ; but if there were no slates in the world, I should have no such lesson to learn. " 4. " Oh, oh ! Indeed ! But, that does not follow, by any means. Did slates make Arithmetic ? Would people never have to count, and calculate, if there were no slates '/ you forget all about Mental Arithmetic, Charles I ail: bi 5. " the poc when 3 them ( many They t someth lui|)s d( tlect, t onglit t let me 6. S( g'reat et (lignifie was bu willing^ to play what is and do! shapes 7. CI is on tl slate ov THE OLD SLATE ireak this ne morn- lesson in the poor ;trick. y I com- Charles!" it out of es on the for you, ^tes in the lesson to I does not tes make r have to Qo slates '/ fithniCtiC, —"Well I don't like to cipher; that's all: but I do like to count. " 5. " And so you, hasty boy, get angry witli the poor harmless slate, that is so convenient when you make mistakes aiul wisli to lub them out. This is the wav with a o;reat many thouglitless, quick-tempered people. They try to tind fault Avitii somebody oi- something, and get into a passion, and per- Iiaps do mischief; when, if tliey would re- llect, they would lind that thev themselves onglit to bear all tiie blame. Xow, Charles, let me see what I can do for you. " 6. So Patrick sat down in liis father's great easy chair : he tried to look grave and dignified, like an old gentleman, tliough he was but eighteen. Charles came rather un- willingly, laid the slate on his lap, and began to play with the chain of his watch. " Whv, what is this? " said he ; "soldiers, and cats, and dogs, and houses with windows of all shapes and sizes! " 7. Charles looked foolish. " Oh ! tlie lesson is on the other side, " said he, turning the slate over. " Ifll6-1 m 40 ELEMENTARY UEADER. —"Ah, silly bov!" said Patrick; "here you have been sitting this half hour draw- ing pictures, instead of trying to learn your lesson. And now, which do you think ought to be broken, you or your slate ? " and he held tlie slate up high, as if he meant to break it ovx^r his brother's head. 8. Charles looked up, with his hands to his ears, but laugliing all the while, for he knew Patrick was only playing with him. Presently, however, Patrick put on a seri- ous face, and said, " Now, my little man, you must go to work in good earnest, to make up for lost time. " THE OLD SLATE 41 9. "Oh! Patrick, it Avants only twenty minutes to nine. I shall bo hite for school. Can you not, just this time, make the ligures for me ? " pfd -"No," said Patrick. — *' Oh, do ! just this once. " 10. " No, Charles ; there would be no kindness in that. You would never learn Arithmetic in that Avav. If I do it once you will find it harder to be refused to-morroAv. I will do a much kinder thing: I Avill just shoAv you a little, and you may do all the Avork yourslf. " 11. So he passed his arm gently around him ; and though Charles pouted at lirst, and could hardly see through his tears, Patrick questioned him about the rule, and then began to shoAv him the i)roper Avay to get his lesson. When all AA\as finished, Charles Av^as sur- prised to find that he should still be in ample time for school. 1: M " m ±,i .;.] m, '■i m '.■pvf ill 42 EI^MENTARY READER. 12. ''Now, to-moiTow, Charles, " said Pat- rick, "do not waste a moment, but begin your lesson at once, and you will find it a great saving, not only of time, but of temper. I bope you will not get into a passion again, wath this good old slate of mine. It went to school with me when I was a little boy, and I should be sorry if you had broken it for not doing your work. " 13. Away ran Charles to school, thinking to himself, " Well, I suppose I was wrong, and Patrick was right. I ought not to have been drawing pictures ; I ought to have been learning my lesson. " This lesson shows the folly of putting off any work that ought to be, and must be done. The best way is to set about it at once, with a determination to do it. It is a very true saying, that " "Where there's a will, there's a way. " Questions.— 1. What did Charles say when he could not do his problem in Subtraction ?— 2. Repeat the words of Patrick to Charles. —3. What do you mean by " mental arithmetic " ?— 4. What is said of thoughtless, quick-temppred people ?— 5. What did Patrick do to assist his brother ?-6. What did Charles do meanwhile ?-7. What wa« Charles' request from Patrick ?— 8. Why did Patrick refuse to grant it? A LETTER FRO:V[ HENRY. Lesson XL A LETTER FROM HENRY. ^^^.^^^/JL^ /^ /j^^^. 4S ^ ^'7^2^€^ ^CUM-'i^ /P Zlr^ €> z^^^ At^i^^'c ^i^^x:.a cxi^c/ /cff/e €'-^■1^:^ i. ee^^^-T^o €Zi 1-7^3^ /€>^i?^. BUSINESS FIRST, AND TIIEX TEEASUR i^e^j^ n-e-ve i deeji ^c- Ae^ c-^^t^/^ Uf^e--i' e '?/fiic .^ ^^^e. {C^<^t-f}^ /c^^i/c^K-f^ '/^ (>■/// e-'l , S. %m 'ItPi-^i^etd . Lesson XTT. BUSINESS FIRST, AND THEN PLEASURE. al-\ow^d', V. t., permitted. dSl^t, 11. wh it is owed or due. hSb' it, n. custom; use. re- ward', n. recompense, spSnd, V. t.,to consume ; to expend. Ve^lth'-y, adj., rich; opulenl. W6rk , ( wtark .) « ., toil ; lahor ; (a.sk, 46 ELEMENTARY READER. Iiii 1. Jolin Hagan who is very rich now, was poor wlien a boy. When asked liow lie became so wealthy, he replied, " My fath'jr taught me never to play till all my work for the day was done, and never to spend my money till 1 had earned it, — that is, never to get into debt. 2. " If I had but half an hour's work to do in the day, I was told that I must do it the first thing, and in half an hour. After this was done, 1 Avas allowed to play ; and I am sure I could then play with much more pleasure than if I had the thought of an unfinished task before my mind. 3. " I early formed the habit of doing ever) thing in its time, and it is to this habit that I owe all my good fortune. " 4. Let everybody w^ho reads this, form the same habit, and he may have a similar reward. This lesson, like the ju-eceding one, illus- trates the im])ortance of attending to busi- ness before pleasure, undo/ doing everi/thing in its time. MONKY. 47 Queshom.—l . Was John Hagan ii>U (,r ^^^^-^^y^ f.^ ^^as a boy ■?- 2. By v:hat means did liegetnoh •^— 'i. IhwfmU work had lie tc do every day ?— 4. What was ho allowed t'»i't»fft— 5. What good habit did ho fonu ?_^. WiM'Pm this lesson illustrate? iii- 1 .•' ' Leshon XUL MONEY, bt^y, v. i., to acquire by paijiixj a prim, e^rn, v. t., to gain hy labor. gaz^, V. i., to stare; to lookinlfiitly. hand-ful, «., as much as the hand cuh h4tUti Tn'-tSr-Sst, m., concern; nhare. off 'Tc^, «., a room, root, n., source ; origin. v/fe^^r, V. t; to carry. 1. Daniel took out a hmi)M of money and showed it to his tVieiMJ^, Tlioy gazed at it with great interest, for U ^^^ not often that one of them had so imwh jnonoy in his pocket. 2. The boy witli the \mi on has l)een away from home, and hji^ Imm at work in a printing-office. He wavUm] in a printing- office l)efore he went may, Xow he has returned, and is showing U) hkoU] friends iq the office the money whw^ji \w has earned. 48 ELEMENTARY READER. 3. " There, boys," said lie, "you see what 1 have earned. I earned it all by hard work. 1 know how co work, and, although 1 liave nice clolhes on now, I am not ashamed to work. m 1 n:'i •», .i) 4. "I bought these clothes with the money whicli 1 earned ; and I think a boy has a right to wear good clothes if he buys them with his own money. I mean to go to work again, and earn more money ; and I do not mean to spend it foolishly, either." 5. That is right. Woi'k and earn monev. and then take good care of it. But you must linonev?— 6. ] MONEY. 49 not be vjiin beoauso you luiv- ixllt<](> in,„K>y Tliiit would 1)(3 botli foolish and wicked. (h But what is the good of money ? it is I good to buy clothes and food ; and it is good I to give to the poor, that tliey may buy food clothes, and fuel, and to keep them from I starving and freezing. 7. It is foolish to get money simply to liave It, to be proud of, and to tell how rich you ai-e. Money is a good thing when it is put to good use, but a bad thing when it is used to do injury. Much good may be done with it, and much evil also. The Holy lS(Tii)ture tells us that " The love of money |i« the root of all evil." Queslions.-l. What did Daniel show to his friends ?-2 What Iwas DamoFs occupation when ho left home ?--When he came back ?- I by what means did he earn his money ?-4. With what did 'he :n,y lus fine clothes? What does he intend to do with the money he Iw.Iloarnagainl'-S. Should we be vain because we have a little I noncy .- G For what is money good ?-7. When is it foolish to get laoney What does the Holy Scripture tell U3 about the love of r J * » ,. ; 'il 1 BO KLEMKNTAl.'Y I.'KADKU. Lksso.n AiV. ADAM AND EVE. Teadior. — James, do you rcuuMubcr our last soeitil cluit ? James. — Our last talk was about the creation. T. — Good, irenry, will you please tell the class ill a few words the history of creation V Henry. — God made all thinp!;s, because He is all-poweriul : He made tlie skv, the stars, the sun, tlie moon, the day and nidit, the month and the year. He made the beautiful tlowers, trees and shrubs; the birds, lishes, and all kinds of animals. He made all these in six days. Then, He made man after His own inia;^c and likeness, and all things for the use of man ; but man He made for Himself. T.— Henry yon answered satisfactorily. I am pleased with you. N'ow, John, will you tell me where He placed Adam and Eve 'i John. — He placed them in a beautifi. ! garden, where every thing was inost pleas- ADAAr AND i;V7?. ing to tlM, cyo, agiv,.al,lo to the (usto un,l T— \rilli,n„, yo„ t,,|| Uu, ,.|;,s.s, „|,„| ,|,is t()lli(. |,i,,,|mM.s.s„CA,la,„,„„l Kvo. co«,ini,,M,l,.,I.V-, vMl re-'--- kis iesm the better ?-3. What is the name of tlic lazy boy ? Can GOD IS NEAR. 55 ho road ? hi what state is liis book ?— 4. Jjors William James like a Look ? How can you sec that ? — 5. If he were a good, clever, and an active boy, could his fact! look so ? Lesson XV 1. GOD IS NEAR. taSl^St, n., an ■irrational animal ; a brute. dew (du), n., moifstii.rc deposited at uijht. g6&d-neSS, n., kindncas. lift tip, V. t., to raise, to elevate, swim, V, i., to float 011 or to move i)i the water. th6t^^l^t, n., idea ; notion; reflection. 1. It is Prod Avho made all things. He made earth, the sun, the moon, the stars. 2. God made the beasts that roam over the earth, the birds that tly in the air, aiid the fish that swim in the rivers, the lakes, and the great sea. He also made man. 3. God makes the tender herb and the grass to grow, as well as the tall trees in the forest ; and He sends the rain and the dew to water them, and the sun to warm them. 4. He gives us all our food ; for if He did not take care of the beasts, and the birds, and the fish, and the grain that we sow, and the seeds that we plant, all of them would die ; and then we should also die. ■1 tt\) ELEMENTARY KEADEll. i :i 1 ! {* 5. But God not only takes care of iis, u.A{i all things around us, but He is also near us at all times. He sees us now. He sees all that we do, and lie knows ail our thoughts He knows all things, 6. We should thank God for all his good- ness to lis. We should i)ray to him often, and ask Him to keep us from sin, and to bless us. 7. When we rise in the inorning, and when we lie down at night, we should lift up our hearts to Him in praver. God will heai- lis, and if we pray to him with a good heart He will bless us, both in this world and in the world to come. Quc,Lons~l. Who made all things ?-2. Name some of the crea- tures made by God.-3. Who sends the rain and dew to water the herbs, grass, the like ?-4. Who gives us our food ? What v/ould hapnen to the beast, to the plants and to ourselves if God did not talre car. olall?-o. Is God far from us? Does He see us ? Does He know ; 1^^ HOW THE HORSE SHOULD BE TREATED 57 Lesson XVII. HOW THE HORSE SHOULD BE TREATED. 1. We see, from what Charles has told us, how useful the horse is. We now would like to have him tell us how we should take care of the horse. 2. I will do so by telling a story. Last Saturday Uncle William hitched old Major and Ben to a big waggon, and took a num- ber of boys to the mountains, to pick berries and have a good time. 3. I tell you Uncle knows what ])oys want. Pretty soon Robert Jones wanted to drive. So Uncle gave him the reins. 4 Robert wanted the whi[) too; but Uncle said that we should not whip the ]iorses, as they went fast enough. He carried the whip just to urge them on when there was any danger. 5. Then Robert began to jerk the reins; but Uncle showed him how the horses move one way or the other by pulling the rein a little, and he told Robert that jerkino- hurts their mouths, m w !<)» i)t> ELEMENTARY KEADEK. ] (> Wlicn we went down the hill, just be- fore we came to the long bridge, Uncle took the reins, and drove slowly, becanse, he said, it would make tlie horses hime to drive fast (1 own As v^ hill. cossina; the br je. Uncle, jumped out to see what was the matter wit! i old Major, Avho was limping a little, and lie found one of his shoes was loose. Uncle pulled the shoe oft; and threw it into the wagon, and thei;i walked the horses until we came to the blacksmith's shop, on the other side of the bridge. 8. Then old Major was taken into the shop, and the blacksmith pared the hoof and set the shoe. In nailing on the shoe, he said he must be careful not to drive the nails too far in where the hoof was tender, -is it would make the horse lame. ^). In going up the mountain, Uncle would stoj) the horses every little way to let them rest. They would pant for a minute or two, then take a deei) breath and go on. There was a cool spring close l)y, where we stopped to go into the be^-ry-field, and here we hitched the horses in the shade. ; turnec switch hardly owned him sc cut off 12. and at( big tr( we can 13. 1 uses th whips goes ne him, th 14. I when tj are not HOW THE ]1( lliSK .SHOULD ]1E TREATED. 59 10. They were very warm and thirsty but Uncle would not give them any water until they had time to cool. The flies were troublesome, but our horses switched them off with their long tails. 11. Near by was a little bob-tailed horse turned out to pasture ; and, as he could not switch oflf the flies, they bit him so he could hardly get time to eat. If the man who owned that horse could have the flies bite him so for a few days, I dont think he would out oft the tail of another horse. 12. We just filled our baskets with berries and ate our dinner under the shade of some big trees that stood by the spring. Then we came home. 13 Uncle's horses are steady, because he wht r '''"• ^' ''''''' ^''''' them, or whips them, or yells at them. When he goes near them they rub their noses against turn, they are so glad to see him. 14. In winter he puts blankets on them tL"!!!:'!-'^ .!"°"«'> t° '-«P aem warm. "V ^1 V CO tliejii '•J u fi a good bed of dry, clean 60 ELEM EN'l'AliY KEAUEK. straw to lie on, and plenty of liay and grain to eat. Qurstions.—l. Who l)r()iiu;lit the boys out to have a good timo?— 2. What were the names of the hoi'Ho.s? — 3. Who was the boy so anxious to drive?— 4. Did Uncle give him the whip?— 5. What about Billy ?—G. How did he treat the horses?— 7. Did the boys g(H any berries?— S. ]\Ienti(:)n some new words.— 9. Can you tell the meaning ol pared, hitched, owned, blacksmith, berries, and blankets? IessonXVIII. THE FISH. a-way', adv., at a distance off. eStch , V. t., to seh' ; to take hold of. dlf'-CSr, ('. i., to vary ; to be unUkc. flsh'-hoGk, «., a hook to catch fish, in-de^d', adv., in truth; in reality, s-eal^§, n,, covcrimj of a fish. tal^l, n., the hinder part ; the end. ■wa'-tSr, n., iifiuii/, 1. Do you know what this is ? — It is a fish. Did you ever see a live fisli ? Did you ever catch one ? How did you catch it ? Did you have a fish-hook and line ? Did you ever catch a little fish in your hands? 2. Fish live in the water. They cannot live long out of it. A fish swims with its fins and tail. Do you see the fins of this fish ? Do you see his tail ? He has scales all THE mm, 61 along his back, juuI on liix^Mm; bnt they me not so hirge as his Wnn, 3. Do you see tlie (>yi< of this fisli ? Do you think he has nioi'd* iUmt one eye ? Where do you think the t^im' f^yo is ? Do you think the fish can som wUtm he is awav down in the water ? What <;at :s a fish-hook? What n>eans to catch f- -. W lieio do iKshcs live? Name the principal parts of a fah -3 Do fishes see when they are .way down in the wLr.-4 Are'the evl, of fishes hke ours? Who made then, to diifer from o^s ? ' Lessox XIX. THE WORKS OP GOD. 1. God liiafle tlu.' sky that looks so blue ; Ho made tlio grass so green ; 11(3 made the flowers that smell so sweet, In i)retty colois seen. 2. God made the sun that shines sobriglif. And gladdens all I see ; It comes to give us heat and light ; How thankful we should be ! ' 3. God made the pretty bird to fly, How sweetly has she sung ! And though she flics so very high, She won't forget her young. 4. God made the cow to give nice milk ; _ The horse for us to use ; VV'e'ii treat them kindly for His sake :N^or dare His gifts abuse. AX ANSWK It TO FRANCIS. 5. God mtid- llie wator for our drink ; He made tlie iisli to swim ; He mado tlie tree to IxMir nice fruit ; Oil ! how we sliould love Him !• 08 Lesson XX. AN ANSWER TO FRANCIS. ''■0'iip<^3(^(? ^^^/y /o, /Jcf^/. C>7^y €^a4-<^Mic'7^^.^ J -11 €Xa i^-€Zez^f -cd -jj^^ 7 7 yl//i.-. €^e dee ///^€z/ Q^ tr/^f^ ai^if / W.^^/ ^ ^eHcT:. rf t/er^l ^/r/ f/:^e / J^^/^o O'ti^ / f^.ji^ f^i,t/ -z-c^e ^-U^jy^/f -t'/ /^((i r €:edi; de^t^k^i— ^^^ if!? •CM \ u ELEMENTARY READEJi. /a-a i^/^/i.e4- yUi!i.€e.s. <^^/ 't/€CC r -^e^ '/e-'ce /Aei/ -/c),/j /^^,^, //,, ■i'i 'i-e^ei,^ 6^ 7 4^, 7 ^ /a et-^7^.f. ^i^^^r^ t?^t'/ <,^J e/;^^/ ^.^ / ^ ^^y^/^^/ ^ ^X^ ^ ^ ^ €>^-^e ^ '^/^«2 /^^W ^2>e^^^^. O^^/^^ ■'■e r^^^rr.€€ ^t^ dee /ic^^^ ^^/fe^^ ^ 4.edi i^f'f^'^^ ^ v^ ex ^^«5 ^/W^^^ ^^^ -^^^^^^^^^^ -j^jt '^^^^^ AN ANSWER TO FIJANCIS. 65 ,^ I ^ €ea^l^ /e^/el -z^U^/r^/, U. 7 J/. cJ/ y. 'n^. ar < lee-ili td /e^j ^^^«/ yoi^ d/citr//^ ^^ arjfoe?/ ^c^i,/ ^■. /y. '2/i^U^iJe^/ ee / '/ /^^ '-'^t . (^ ///ft^'i^'g^^ ^ // ^i? ai^cr//. AlcLuc/ oi '■/, fr iPU-. CX ^-^ ^ > ue4€' ^ Vf-C'T^ €t?nger than tliat of goose, and when it swims, sitting higl I in l\) I { 68 ELEMENTAEY READER. the water, with its long neck arched, it is one of the most graceful birds in the workl. It lias strong wings, and wihl swans liy a long distance without tiring. Tame swans do not fly far. 8.fThe bill of the swan is broad, and pointed like that of the goose, but a little longer. BeloAv the eyes, and at the base of the bill, a narrow band of black extends across the front of the head. 4. The swans run in pairs. The mother swan lays from five to eight eggs, and hatches them in six weeks. The young swans are Cygnets. They are covered with down, and are able to walk and swim when first out of the shell. 5. The father swan watches the nest, and helps to take care of the young ones. Hi^ will fly at any thing that comes near, and he is able to strike terrible blows with his wings. He can drive away any bird, even the earle. (,6. Swans usually build nests of a fcAv coarse sticks, and a lining of grass or strav/. They have a curious habit, however of river- h* SWANS. 69 ; 1 ;rl, it is ) world. IS fly a I swans ad, and a little base of extends mother 2:s, and young 3d with in when est, and 3S. H(^ ar, and »vith his d, even f a few r stravv'. ever of raising their nest higher, and of raising the eggs higher at the same time. 7. At times they seem to know that some danger threatens them, and then they turn their instinct to raising their nest to some purpose. A person who observed all the facts, tells this story : 8. For many years an old swan had built her nest on the border of a park, by the river-side. From time to time she had raised her nest, but never more than a few inches. 9. Once, when there had been no rain for a long time, and the river was very low, she began to gather sticks and grasses to raise her nest, and she would scarcely stop long enough to eat. 10. She seemed so anxious to get materials for nest building that she attracted the attention of the family living near by, and a load of straw was carried to her. This she worked all into her nest, and never stopped until the eggs had been raised two and a ^^c^\f f — i- liaii it-UL, 11. In the night a heavy rain fell, the h ■if , I 70 ELEMEXTARY READER. river ilowed over its banks, and the water came over the spot where the eggs liad been ; but it did not quite come up to the top of the new nest, and so the swan saved them. Quest irns—l. Can you describe the swan?— 2. What about the neck''— o. What of its bill?— 4. Plow do swansusuallygo?— 5. What are the young swans called?— 6. What have you to say of the male swan?— 7. How do they build their nest?— 8. What curious habit have they ?— 9. Can you relate the story of the swan by the river- Eide?— 10. What is the meaning of graceful, extends, down, terrible, «'^ious, habit, threatens, instincts, anxious, materials, &nA parks. Lesson XXII. THE BIRD'S NEST. ap-peS|r', v. i., to be in sight. he^k, n., tlie hill of a bird. chlrp'-ing, v. ?., to make a cluierful tioise. flS»4/-9^> '"• '■• to furnish with feathers. pa'-tienc^, n., suffering withont eomiilaint. pieH-tip, v., to choose; to clean; to open. spring, n., the vernal season. 'A'eS^V^, V. i., to form by a loom, or by texture. ■.v6n'-der, v. i., to be surprised. 1. When the cold winter is passed, and spring begins, before even a leaf has yet burst forth, you will hear the little birds singing and chirping as soon as it is day= light. :*f|| THE BIRD'S NEST. 71 2. Perhaps you wonder wliat makes them so busy and iiKM'ry, in tlie cold early days of April. But this is the time when they begin to buihl their nests. 3. All the day they are picking up bits of wool, and straw, and moss, and little twigs. These they weave in and out. with a great deal more skill than you or I could weave them. 4. Then, when their nests are completed, they lay in them their pretty eggs, blue, green, or speckled. They sit upon them for many long days, until they are hatched, only leaving them for n short time, when they are in want of food. o. One would indeed think that iiioir patience is nigh well exhausted, when at 'r, \ 1 i i I III I 'i 1 1 «L^ r-1 .gmn H iiil 1 p« ■ ^H^' 72 ELEMENTARY READER, si last, \vn liie nests of little birds, to take their eggs, or destroy their yonng ones. 11. vind then Avhen the mother comes home, she sees the pretty nest she had foi-med with snch care, all toi-n into piec(\s, and her nestlings dead on the ground, lint if they live till their feathers come, their mother takes them ont to fly for a, littlo' while, and then brings them back to the nest. 12. In a few days, they get strong, and when their mother sees that they are able to shift for themselves, she leaves them. 13.^ It is God that teaches the little birds to bnild their nests, and to take as much cure of their helpless yonng, as if they had sense and feelings snch as we have. Questions.~l. When do you licar tlie littlo Ijirds singin-G. What do the httle birds do while the mother has gone in search of food ?— 1 |- .... i (. n EL'F;:\lT:XTAr.Y KEADEn. 7. How many oggs does the wren lay ?— 8. AVIirre do most 'ittlr" birds build their nests ?— 9. Why do poultry build their nests on ihr ground ? — 10. To what dangei-s are little Idrds exposed wlien young ? — 11. When does the mother leave her little ones ? — 12. Who teaches tlie 1:1 tl(! ones how to build their nests ? LessoxXXIIT. ALONE IN THE DARK ■eSn'-dlte^, n., a liyht mitik dftxillvw and the like. flr^'-plac^, n , a ylaccfur afire. frlQl^t'-gn^d, p.p., terrified. QVim'-txi&v, n.,a vxak light ; ylcam. mS^d'-6"*iiV, 11., grass land'annually moivnf&r ?iay. noon'-tld^, n., mid-day. ^rapp^d' 'V. t. covered. 1. She lias taken out the candle, She has left me in the dark ; From the window not a glimmer, From the fire-place not a si)ark. 2. I am frightened as I'm lying All alone here in my bed, And I've wrapped the clothes as closely As I can around my head. 3. There are birds out on the bushes, In the meadow lies the lamb. How^ I wonder if they 're ev;r Half as frightened as I am. 4. Yet, li For Is 5. Ther For ■ T] ad-vTe)^, ,i eon-flnfe, dis-r^-gar pat^§^, V. . re-cov'-gr warn'-in( 1. Fr{ very col witli th( that the said he, all read; towards 2. On who said The Timrc.wnjM mr, 4. Yet, I know tliero's Omt v/lio «oeth 111 llie iiijilil as in l h(> ^^y^ For to Ilim tli(MJ{irkji<;^,<^ iimtry, Is as bi-iglit as iiooutldh* tUiy. i). Then I'll turn and sleep uum*, sonndiv When one little prayer ISe praved, For there's nothinji; in iUtt il^rkness, That should make a ehjl^j ni'nikl 78 LkssonXXIV, THE THOUGHTLE^^ BOY, ad-vIe^, ,i., counsel. Con-fTnfe, v., to limit; to rcntraiii. dis-rS-gar'd'fe(d, v.,i>"')ect of this lesson'^— 2. What \v-is Frank iloing on a very o ' lay winter ?— 3. Wiiui liid Frank say, as he was passing one da_ er u ^ i,t Frank in his .laii-rr V--S. What would have becoml. His children followed him in his holy life, until the children of Cain wcremin-led with those of Setli. Good ness and vice can never I! •t U m y 80 ELEMENTARY IJEADEE, agree. E\ il was sja-ead over the face of tlic earth, and the Scriptures tell us that 'God was sorj'v lie had made man. T. — William, what did God intend to do? William. — God intended to destio the world and all that w^as in it. However, He gave them a last chance. He told Noali to build an ark, and to linish it in t)ne Inindred years. After the time liad gone by, man was not any better, so God com- manded Xoah to take two pairs of clean animals, and one pair of unclean animals into the ark. When the day came, Noah and his family, eight persons in all, went into the ark, and God Himself closed ihe dooi'. T. — Noyx, my dear children, since you have all answered s) well, 1 shall, with ])leasure, bring thi.s history to a conclusion. God ordered xae liood-gates of heaven to o])en, and the water came in torrents, and buried all living beings, men and animals, that lived in that neighborhood. Some say that the whole earth was flooded ; and oihers sav a i)art onlv. But 1 think with ih^^^^■ who say it w^as a part only. So you see what ico of tlic ,hat 'God id to do? ' dcisli'Oy [lowevcr, old Noali t in Olio lad gone rod COlll- of clejiii animals no, Noah ill, went the door. ince you ill, with neliisioii. 3aven to 'iits, and aniinals, 5ome say id the IS th those see what IIO.NKSTV 1 REWARDED. ' 81 sin has done. This also ends what is call the first period of the world, which connts 1765 years. Tliongh God had j)roniisod never to destroy the Avorld again by water and has given ns the rainbow as His sign, we mnst not think that He hates sin the less. Sin is entirely opposed to God. He hates sin. Avoid sin, and God will always love you. Try to remember this lesson well. Lesson XXYI. HONESTY REWARDED. ■eu-riisjtis, eo.i strongly tempted to do wrona; ; but when he thought of God, he easily resisted the temptation. " You are right, Henry " |ai(lhe, "letusgoon. " 0. The owner of the garden had been list- l^'Mg all the time, though unseen by the i«)ys. He now came forward, praised Hen- Ijy.^ iipnghtness, and gave him several Imnohes of the fruit. Henry was good and gonerous, and gave a share to his blushin- |coiiij)anion. = 7. What a good thing it is for a bov to be good and uprigiit ! Even in this world, God jends lum a reward. But His final reward p reserves for heaven, whore the good and Eovc°r '"" "''^" '''"' ^"" ""' His saints !.,r^f^ons.~-l. What is the snbi.vt nf fi • t 1 ':'§ I'' 84 ELEMENTARY READER. Vi/ay? 2. Relate the conversation which took place between them. Wliat was Edward's proposal? 3. What was Henry's reply? 4. Wliat did Henry's father say about a man wlio passed with his bauds tioHi, on his way to prison? 5. What caused Edward to resist the temptation? 6. Did the owner of the garden punish the boys? 7. Is there a reward for a boy who is good and upriglit? Lesson XXVII. THE EARTH, SUN, AND MOON. ax'-Ts, n., the line that jniHscti through a Iwdy and on which it revolves. ei^st, 11., theplace ichvrc the nun rises. flat, adj., plain ; smooth ; hrcl. king, n., a monarch : n sovereign. que^n, «., the ivife of a king, rul^, V. f,, to govern; to inanage. W&st, n., the place v;h im H(1^. 99 its nest? 3. How does it fly and v,^ik'' f What do you know about the young ones f 5. Doo« the ww^ .|««,t.( w,th other birds'^ 0. Do you remember anything about tlw mm md the two martins? -» • • » 1 Lesson XXiJC, THE MILLER AND mg ISON. map-'ket, «., a jj7aef> n-Acre lo There ! my desk is ready. " Tliii r 1 w SCHOT)L AT HOME. 92 Berty ? " ed little svays like 3 it does u by and ?" said Qe," said iies me at s he is a ' to teach " for Ar- ost." So tn to bo , I must ou must od desk, ttle way, he table = 12. " Now, Irving, you may get the little bell and put it on the desk. I sluill want the bell to call the school to order and to let you know when to recite. What shall we get for you to sit on ? Oh ! I know now — if mamma will let us have these two little stools in the parlor. " 13. "I will ask her, " said Berty; and away he ran. " Yes, wg can have them, and here they are. How soft they are. " 14. " Now, " said Arthur, " it is time for school to begin. You may get your little books and slates, and put them on my desk. When I tap the bell, you must take your seats and sit up straight. " And Arthur went to the desk and gave the bell a tap. Questions. — 1.-2. Why did the mother hinder her children from going to school? 3.-4.-.5-6. Relate the conversation of Bertie with his mother. 7. Who was chosen as teacher ? 8. Wiio pleaded Arthur's cause? 9.-10.-11-12. Repeat what Arthur said. Work while you work, play while yo^i play ; This is the way to be cheerful and gay All that you do, do with your might ; Things done by halves are never doneri-rht. I i n i 94 ELEMENTARY READER. Lesson XXXI. THE feTRANGE LITTLE BOY. Here is a little boy ; Look at him well ; Think if you know him • If you do, tell. I will describe him That you may see If he is a stranger To you and to me. He has two hands That can manage a top, And climb a tall chesnut To make the nests droD They're just full of business ^' With ball, hoops and swino; O) THE RTliANGE TJTTLE BOY. Yet jii'o never too l)iisy To do a kind thing. He has two feet That can rnn np and down, Over tlie conntrv, And all about town. I should think they'd be tired; They never are still, But they're ready to run for you Whither you will. He has two eves I' Always busy and bright, And looking at something From morning till night. They help him at work. They help him ai play, And the sweet words of Jesus They read every day. He has two ears, how well he can hear The birds as they sing And the boys as they cheer ! They are out on the common, And loudly they call ; 95 m ! Li VM I II 111'. 96 i % ELEMENTARY READER. But one word from his mother He hears first of all. He has a tongue That runs like a sprite, It begins in the morning As soon as the liglit. It's the best little tongue You any where find ; For it always speaks truth, And it always is kind. He has a heart That is happy and gay ; For Jesus is king there The whole of the day The Lord's little servant He's trying to be ; Is this boy a stranger To you and to me ? THE IDLER. An idler is a watch That wants both hands : As useless when it goes, As when it stands. ACTING A LIE. 97 Lesson- XXXII. ACTING A LIE. ap'-t^lJo, M. a fruit. c6n'-^c venc^, the moral sense. decei^v^, V. f,,io impose oh; to delude. fals*f>'-h5t>:;l, n. a lie ; an uiUrtUh. m&^n, V. to ilifcitd ; to purpoK. StO'-ry, 71., a tnlv ; a narration. 1. "Alfred, liow could you tell mother that false story? "—said Lucy to her broth- er. " You know you did eat one of the apples that were in tlie fruit dish ; yet you told mother you did not. " 2. ''^ow, Lucy, I did not tell any false- hood about t at all. You know mother asked me if I took one of the apples from the dish, and I said JV^o. And that was true ; for the apple rolled o]0f from the top of the dish, when \ hit the table, and I picked it up from the floor. Mother did not ask me if I ate one, but if I took one from the dish. " 3. '' But you know, Alfred, what mother meant, and you know you deceived her ; and you meant to deceive her. And that is actifKju falsehood; which is just as bad as /r^//% a fsiLsehood. Tf mother had asked you if you had eciten tlio apple, and you had it: 98 ELEMENTARY READER. shaken your head, woiildnot that Iiave heen telling a falsehood ? Certainly it woukl. " 4. And Lucy was right. God knows wliat we mean, as well as what we say. Do you not think an acted He is as sinfiif in Jlis sight as a spoken lie ? And do you not think that Alfred's conscience troubled him? You should never act one thing, and mean an- other. T ntTn"rA",7\" ^f""^' *^° conversation which took i-laco between Lu.y and Alfred, about acihiu a fal.se.hood. 2. Wh.. waw ri.d;t? 3 l8 an acted lie as wicked in God's «ight a.s a «|,oken one ? Lesson XXXIII, JACOB. T.— William, will you please give your idea of the flood ? William.— The flood was permitted by God as a punishment for the sins of man. The world had grown so coiTupt, that God resolved to destroy it, and as the Scripture says: " He repented having made man." Noah was ordered to build an ark which was to shelter him and his from the flood. He took one hundred years to build it, so that thei- JACOB. avo been )nkl. " •ws wliiit ])o you [fissiglit ink tliat ? Yoii Lean an- aco between 99 ^e vour rniitted of man. at God I'ipture man. " icli was )d. He so that the peoi)le might take warning. But they laughed at ^-oah, and continued in their evil ways. At last the hour came, and tlie flood-gates oflieaven were opened. It rained for many days. The water was iifteen cubits (330 inches) above tlie liigliest mountain. 1.— William, you have an excellent mem- ory. Paul, it is some time since I liad the pleasure of hearing you. Will you be good enough to tell me something about Abraham? Paul.— After the Hood the earth saw a new race of men, the children of Noah's children. Noah offered a sacrilice to God for having preserved him from th(3 flood.' God blessed him and his family. But there was a black sheep in his family, by name of Cham. He was cursed by his father and banished from the house. The people lived on the same pUiin and after some years, it was not large enough. However, before they left, they thought of building a large tower that would reach to the skv. God who saw their pride, punished them. All at once, they spoke each a. different language so that theV could Unrlf vpfqrirl i>v»« . fl, _ -, therefore had to 'eare the tower unfinished. ^ iij iht ■ i: 100 ELEME.NTARY READER. For this reason it was called tlse tower of Confusion. But God did not abandon man. He called Abraham to Him and (old liim to leave his home and country, and to go into the land He would show him. To — Paul, I am i)leased with your answer. Peter, let me see what you can tell us of Abraham. Peter. — Abraham was chosen by God to be the father of His people. Abraham was obedient. He was blessed l)y God. He had a brother named Lot. One evening whilst Abraham was seated before his tent he saw three angels approaching him. He saluted them and asked them to stay. The angels spoke to him about their mission of destroying two wicked cities. Abraham asked them to save Lot, and they i)rom;sed to do so. They also promised to Abraluim a son whom he w^as to call Isaac. Abiaham, full of faith, tlianked God for this favoi-. T. — Very good indeed. John, will you please continue ? John. — Abraham was happy in his son, Isaac. God wished to try the faith of JACOB. jQi Abraham Ho coinmand.^d hlni to take his inucl. loved son, Isaac, and bring hiin to tho top of Mount Horol), and there to oflbr him lip in sacrilice. Thus did Isaac become a figure of our Lord. But, seeing tlie obedience of father and son He was pleased. As Abra- ham was about to nplift tlie sword, an angel hehl his hand, and told him that God would not recjuii'e the sacrilice of his son. T. — Now, my denr children, as von have answered so well, i will with mil ,h pleasure continue the history. A.' Abraham died at the age of one hundred and seventy-live. Isaac was faithful to the advice of his father. He loved and feared Crod. In time were born to him, two child- ren, Jacob and Esau. Jacob was blessed by Isaac, and he also told him that from his secul should spring the Saviour Jacob grew up ill the fear of God; One tLiie Jis he was traveling he saw a ladder reaching from earth to heaven, with angels going np and down At another time, he seemed to be wrestling with the angel. The angel then changed his name into Israel. TTa ^o. blessed by God and man. He had twel^ W2 ELEiMENTAKY READER. sons wl.o woi-e to bo tho hojuls of tlio twolro trilx's. or (|i(.se twclvo sons, Joseph was tlic favorite. Lkssov XXXIV. HOW CANARIES LIVE AND SING. 1. Cannn -hiids were first loimd in a warm region, and thvy can not live out-of-doorsin our country. They have lived so long in cages, and liavebeen taken care of, that now they have lost the i)ower to get their own living, and, if tnrned out, would soon starve to death. 2. Tho canary is one of the sweetest of all the bird singers, and it is so pretty in its ways, and so clean, tliat it is more often made a pet than any other bird. It has a sweet song of its own, but it is easily taught to sing a great many new notes. The songs of the canary, as we hear them, are very different from its song when wild. a A camuy will often become so tame that it will fly about the room, and come when called, perch on its mistress' finger, and eat out of her mouth. ho twoIvG 5e|)li was NG. II a wai'in -doors ill long in :hat now leir own n starve 3st of all y in its re often t has a ' taught e songs re very io tame d como finger, now CANARIES LIVK AND SING. 103 4. The canary lays from four to six eggs, and liatchcs them in about two weeks. Both father and mother bird take care of the young. 5. In a large cage with two parts, two finclies were in one end and two canaries in tiie otlier. The finches hatched out their eggs, but did not iaed their young ones enough. Tlie father canary, hearing their hungry cries, forced liimself between the bars into tlieir i)art of the cage, and fed them. This lie did every day, till tlie finches were asliamed into feeding the little ones them- selves. Qurs(ions.~l. Wlioro wore canaries first found? 2. What do you know ol tho canary as a smgcr ? 3. Do canaries become very tame? •i. What do yuu know abduc ilie canary and the two finches? 5. What is a finch ? G. Did you ever hear a canary sing ? s .... .. i04 ELEMENTARY READER. Lessox XXXV. THE OLD MAN AND HIS GRANDSON. dat^igl^'-tgr-in-la'^, «.., the, n-ifc of a sm. moist'-^n-^d, v. t., dampened, or vef. 6w%n,7i.,a place for hakhnj meat or bread in SpilV-^d, -y. t., let fall. I'S^fed a^y''^ "' ' '"•" f ''""' ^■'--l^f^^-ooclforko.stofeeUn. vex -^d, ac^;., or ;;. ;,., amjry ; dicplcascd. 1. Once upon a time, there Avas a very old man, whose eyes were dim, li is ears hard ol hearing, and his knees trembling. When he sat at table he could scarcely hold his spoon, and often he spilled his food over the table-clotli, and sometimes on his clothes. 2. His son and daughter-in-law were much vexed about tliis, and at last they made the old man sit behind the oven in a corner, and gave him his uieals in an earthen dish, and often notanough ; so that the poor man grew sad, and his eyes were moistened with tears. 3. Once his hands trembled so much that he could not liold the dish, and it fell on the ground, and was broken to pieces. The young wife scolded liim, but he made no reply, and only sighed. After that they bought him a Avooden dish., for a couple of pence, and out of that he had to eat. THE OLD MAX AND HIS >SON. hogs to feed in. ! a very ai's hard When lold his over the 3thes. I'emuch ade the ler, and ish, and i>n grew h tears, ch that I on the ?. The ade no t they iple of GRANDSON. lOD hittins: in his usual 4. One day, as he was ,_..^ place, he saw his little grandsonrof"f( years old, upon thegioinid, near 1 four ', near Jiiuijittiug together some pieces of wood. 5. - What are you making ? " asked tlie old man.—- 1 am making a wooden trouo], '' replied the child, -for fatliorand mother to ea,t out of when I grow Vn<^. " 6. At these words, tlie father of the child looked at his wife, and presently ...cv both began to cry, and were sorry ; and after tliat, they let the old grandfather sit at table witli them, and always take his meals tliere, and they did not scold him any more, even if he spilled a little of his food upon tlie cloth. Q'cemons.-l. What is the subject of this lesson? What w.ro the afflictions of the ohl man ? 2. Wliero did Ins son and dau'dile,- .n-law make him sit? 3. What kind of a di.sli d,d lie iccoiv.Mroin Ins children? 4. What was his litUe o,,n,l.sun doni-Mvlh pieces of wood? 5. What w.. the ciiikl's un.w.r? 6. What was the effect ol the child s words on his parents? Be not selfish to each other.— Kever mar another's rest ; Strive to make each other h And ipi )V 'iii i\ you will, yourselves, be blest. 106 ELEMENTARY READER. Lesson XXXVI. THE TEMPTER. be-fOr' with me, e is a lino iigh to let Vfy fathcj' Lck ; then ? " askx'd e may be 107 5. " 0, we shall have time, then, to go and fly the kite, and come back again 1 " " But I mnst not disobey my father," said John, ''he told me to wait at home till he came." 6. " If your father were here, I am sure ho would let you go. Besides, you will be back before ho comes, and he will not know anything about it." 7. But I should know that I had done wrong, " said John, ''and T should be sorry 01 lo awcrwards. No, 1 will nut go with B >,' ,1/ 1 i! ' Si' iV itmiifa [08 ELEIMENTATIY READER. a Jo]ni did j.ight. How much happioi- all boys and girls would be, if they would do as Joliji did when any one tempts theui to do wi'ong ! Qucs/u^>>s -l v:h,re was John standing? What had his fathor toMhun? 2. A\ ho came along? What did he say ? 3. What answer did John njako? 4. D,d the hoy do right in trying to persuade John to disobey Ins father ? o. Can you tell me why it is wrong to disol.v your parents? 6. AVhat do your parents do for vou '' 7 Wh., Lessdn XXXVII. THE POOR CHILD'S HYMN. fish'-er-mgn, »., men who lice hy fi,'; at the cohui whil(. you eouhl eouut t/nrr ; at the period' while you conkl Qoxxntfour. This uiay serve as a general rule. ^. There are, however, other pauses, to which a good reader will always attend. a He will observe the words wliieh are naturally eonuected, or convev the sense of the subject, and will „„ite IIkmu t.M-ether with a short j)ause after each little o-roiin of words thus formed. 10. The length of this pause must depend on the nature of the subject. Thus in the .sentence, '' God loves tlie child, tluit serves Him faithfully," a good reader will pause "ot only at ''child," but he will introduce other pauses to render the sense clearer and more evident to his hearers. He will 'read It thus .-" God-loves the child, thatserves Him— faithfully. " 11. These pauses, however, are not of e(iual lona-th. Thp^ qffer '' tlm -hWA -' r - -. in...._uier lUevUild, lor example, IS the longest. 118 ELEMENTARY READER. 12. The length of these kind of pauses de- pends on the nature of the subject, and must be determined by the reader's judgment. 13. Another requisite of good reading is due attention to the iwoper accentuation of words. You have read of the accent wliicli sliould be phiced on certain syllables of each word. Attention to the proj)er use of it, is one of the means of enabling you to \)vo- nounce correctly. ' 14. There is also an accent on some part- icular words in every sentence ; and good reading very much depends on knowing the precise woi'ds on which that accent should be placed. 15. Nouns, adjectives, principal verbs, adverbs, and some i)ronouns, require an ac- cent ; but it would not be proper to give to all an equal stress of the voice. To do so would render your reading very disagi'eeable. IG. One general rule which should be fixed in the memory, is, that all qualifying words receive the primary accent. By 2)ri mar f/ is meant, chief or jjrincipal. Adjectives and adverbs are (pialifying words, and, thei'cfore, receive this primary accent. EEADIXG. 119 17. The other rules would be too difficult for you at present. They can be learned hereafter. 18. Emphasis, too, which is another re- quisite of good reading, cannot now be taught you. If you attend well to the three things prescribed in this lesson ; namely, to pro- nounce correctly ; to make the pauses which the sense of what you read requires ; and to give a stress of the voice to the qualifying words of each member of your sentences, you cannot fail to make great progress in the art of reading. Questiom.—l. In wliat are children soiuctuucs cuivless? 2. Which fiuilts should children try to correct? 3. What is the first thing to be done, in order to become a good r^'ader? 4. What is said about pronunciation? 5. To what ought the reader attend chiefly? 6. Name the principal ^^mscs. 7. How long should you pause at the comma, semicolon, &c. ? 9. What is to be observed about the words connected by the sense ? 10. Are there any other pauses than those indicated by punctuation? 11 -12. On what does the length of this kind of pauses depend? 13.-.11. What is to be observed with regard to the proper accentuation of words ? 15. Which are the words that require an accent? What accent do qualifying words receive? 16. What is ewi^Aasfs.? Let us, then, be up and doing, With a heart for anv fate : Still achieving, still ])ursuing, Learn to labor and to ivait I. — Lonyfetlow, I' 1 ' > \i. .ikJ 120 iirl ELEMENTARY HEADER. Lessox II. shap^, tints, pai^nt'-er, flow'-er, sSg'-ments, ey-Ist'-enc^, nu'tri-ment, grat'-i-tud^. 1. Let lis go pretty flower. THE GARDEN. largi^, six, u'§u-al, mtlch. mean, re-nilnd', ot^Qljt (awt), woqt^d. pret,'-ty (prit'ty), act'ing, lit'-tl^, pro-duee, round'-ish, en-a'-bl^, b^^u'-ti-fLil, pldeH, ex'-qt^i.§it^. a-wak'^n. into tlie garden. Here is a See, it has a large leaf ; that leaf lias the shape of a bell, but it is cut by iNatiire, into six segments or j)arts. ^ 2. When I say Nature, I mean Cxod, who iias made ail things that we see. There is THE GARDEN. igj no si^ch person or being as Nature. When 1 use file word Nature, in the wav tliat I have done, you must understand that I mean God— acting according to the usual laws which He has appointed. 3. See how the large fruit i-ises in the middle of this leaf: look into the little cells of this fruit ; they are full of seeds ; the seeds are roundish; they would produce oiiier liowers if they were tlirown into the ground. • 4. It is a pretty flower ; God has made the earth to bring it forth ; all tlie men in ex- istence could not produce one little flower ' Look at its l)eautiful tints. No painter could give it such ex(piisite touches, or such de- lightful colorino:. o. How good God is to clothe the flowers with so much l)eauty ! If He did not enable the eartli to give nutriment to the seeds we should have no such flowers. And yet how often do we pluck them, and look at them without thinking of Him who gives them to us! 6. Every plant, every flower, every object 'I ,s, )i 'f 'I i! f" '^> 1 { ; I ■ ■•;•■; • i 1,9. «l;^ ii I . I-'- ELEME.\TARY READER around us, ougiit to rcMiiind us ofGod'sgood- iiess, and awaken onr gi-atitudo to Him. Qucsfions.~L What is a flower? Into how many segments are some leaves cut? 2. What do you mean by Nature ? 3. What is a Ii uu ; \\ hat IS to be found iu the cells of fruit? What would seeds produa. ,f they were thrown into the ground ? 4. Could man produce, fh.wor? 5. Who cloM^.l the flowers so beautifully? 6. Of what should every plant, ev^rv llowr, rommd us? J?2nirc the pnjnls to giro yoa a .in>n/r account ofagarden, telling u-hat he .aw and admired, ^ccssardy, the teacher will aid him or otherwise the piqnl would fahm- oftni in vam. Lesson III. THE SEASONS. st6rm§, >A''e£itli'-3r', shTp'->>yre<;l^, shSp'-l^erd, de-gre^§', farm'-er, blos'-s6m§, as'-peet, thtin'-der, ITQlq^L'-ning. gloom'-y, Tn-tSnst^', chee^r'-Tul, hg$LV'-y," whit'-isk, rieh'-est, steS^d'y, chief, stil'-tr-y, plS)^§'-ant, chil'-},y, dre^d'-ful, se-ver^'. wTth'-er, shoots, pIou§[lq§, 80-^5, bt^Ild§, hatch, re-new' be-gin', a-bound', as-sumi^s', eov'-er^d, at-tai,n', rl'-p^n„ . eJ^t'-)^n. (re-nQ'), 1. There are four seasons in the year; spring, summer, autumn, and winter. '^ In sfjrituL the sjjrmy, •mer ploughs and sows liis fi( ill win songs : nature 3. I and su or two. 4. T ning ai coverec of fruit be eate 5. FJ fields ; grows g and ap] their fu its richi 6. In and are The ap]: and are 7. Th after da open air THE SEASONS. ,33 liis fields; the birds build tlicir nests hv eggs, and hatch them ; they had heon silent m winter, but now they renew their cheerful songs : tlie fruit-trees are in bh)ssojn, and all nature assumes a gay aspect. 3. In simmer, the weather gets very hot and sultry, the days are long, and for a\veek or two, there is scarcely any dai'kness 4. There are usually thunder and n<>ht- nmg and heavy showers ; the trees are^all covered with leaves, and while som(> kinds ot truit begin to ripen, other kinds are lit to be eaten. 5 Flowers abound in tlie gardens and fields; the corn that was sown in snri„„. grows green and strong-, slioots into the ah- juid appears to turn whitisli. Plants attain trini f°";*' '"';, but dark and gloomy, except when the moon shines. Sometimes there are dreadful storms, in which there are ship- wrecks at set), and in which many shepherds and othei" people perish on the land. 11. In all t]ie seasons, we behold the effects of God's i)rovidence. We behold Him in the beauty and delights of spring time. We be- hohi Him in tlie light and heat, the richness and glory of the summer months. 12. We behold Him in the stores of food, which He provides for us in autumn, that we may have enough to support us in the cold and severe season that succeeds. And we behold Him in the tempest of winter, when all luiture lies prostrate before Him. d though dry and ight. It > walk at f life are i season, rost, ice, iglits are ^ except es there areship- lepherds I. le effects m in the We be- richness of food, an, that 3 in the 5. And winter, I Him. JOSEPH. 125 13^ In an these, we behold t],o most striking pioot. ut the i,owor, and wisdoM, and o-ood- noss of Ilnn, vvlio is the Lord of the seasons. during summer? 5 Wlnt is Tr V! f '''"^'"'''''>' '''^I^P™''^ dens and field.7 6. Wh^U L e^ 1- ^ '. f ''\'"''' " '''' '^''- becomes of the flowers? SW^^,;'''V"'T''' ^^ ^^^^^^^ and summer, wHh regard i^t'^'^ between auUnnn comforts oflifeto be found mwmirrTovv, !'""? "" ''" ^'''''"' able? 11. What do we l,e),nJ ^^''^-^t renders ,t remark- behold God? 13 wLtdth '""''■' '"""^'' '- ^'^^vhatdowe vvnai do the seasons prove ? Lesson IV. JOSEPH. T.-To-day I sl.all not ask for asr.minarv of our last social chat. I shall content nv' self for the present to ask yo„ some (.uestions concerning Joseph. ^ questions William, can you tell me any thing about Joseiih ? Thi, „ ^Ttl '^^ "''' ^^™"t« of Jacob. This excited the.,ealousy of his brothers, and they resolved to put him out of the way They conceived their plan. Some were wic^ edenoughtoseehimkillcd; others to sell "^ ' P' I I. 'f ■ 126 ELEMENTARY r.EADER. i'm ^mii m liiiii as a slave; and, lastly to throw hiiu into ail cniptv cistern. Ruben, the eldest of tlie twelve, advised tlie last, and thouulit of saving him. J3iit whilst they were arranu'- iii- matters to tarry out Ruben's plan, tht^v saw some merehantsn])|)roaching them. They offered to sell Joseph to them as a slave. The merchants paid the price and took him witli them. T.— You answered correctly.— Matthias, how did the brothers of Joseph act, after this base action ? Matthias.— They took one of Joseph's coats and dii)ped it in the blood of a kid they had killed, and thus gave it to Jacob. They allowed him to think that his son Joseph, had been devoured by a wild beast. '^'•— ^'g^J' James, what do you know about Jose])]! in Egypt ? James.— When Joseph was brought into Egypt by the merchants, he was sold as a servant to a ricli man. It would seem as though Jose])h was destined to continue in his misery. He was cast into prison, because he would not consent to a sin. But God drew good from evil. Pharaoh had a curious a curious JOSEPH. J 27 dream. The wise n.on of his court wcr.Mni- ablo to answc,.. It so luippenci thut Jos,.pl, was k,iown to o,ie of the sorniMfs of th,; kU,. who >no„tionert his „„,„„,. J„sei,h ,,:^ brought before the king and listened to Id, droiini. He explained the dream, and ],c wasra,sedtothelirstplaeeinthckingdon,. I — Why, James, you have answered vorv walk 1 would like to hear Cl,arles, if he has no objection ? Charles—Certainly, I ,lo not object. Jo- sephdid not forget tl,e brothers who sold hira into slavery. His b,,,,hea-s had suffered much on account of a famine. Jaeob sent them to Egypt to buy corn. AVhen thev came Joseph who knew then, at sioht re"- about h,s father, he ordered their sacks to be filled with corn and their money to be re- hunselfknown to them. Great was their surprise. He embraced his little brother Benjamin hrst, and then the others. After treating them with great kindness, he sent them back to their father. ^ i •si ii 't \ I2S I i ELE^rENTARY HEADER T.—Charlos, yon Imvo answered satisfac- torily. i\()\v to eonelude the history of Josepli. When Josepli's l)rothers returned, they tohl their father all thaJuidliai)])ene(h news ; ]n\ less. Jose])]i in,f»:concern- llis lieart beat witli Joy at the thanked God for all Ills goodj in the mean time spoke to thel ins: h IS a-ied father and brotliersandall tl had to suiter. Tlie I lev J Egypt king out of regard fcr oseph invited them and their families to iind gave them one of the best and most fertile lands. ]Ierc they increased. God watched over them and blessed the lal )0] 10 s. l^ut after the death of Josoph, tl.„ Egyptians soon foi-got all they owed to his memory. They feared the Israelites. Hence they made them slaves, and did all in their power to oppress them. Yes, they even went so far as to order all male children, im- mediately after their birth, to be thrown'into the Nile. I^ot mine, not mine the choice In things great or small ; Be TJKHi my Guide, my Strength, My Wisdom and my all.— /io/mr. BIRDS OF PKEV. Lkssom v. BIRDS OF PBEY. in 1. Soiuotinios we see a bird coi.ic sweon- >ng ., ^\'h.t cl,. yo,., kL ,,...,a ul J: 0. Lpoii what .luostln. hawk pr-v" G if,,^ .1,, fl„v ' >' 8. How does th,, fKsh.i >,vk In .' '''"''' >'"' " '"'''>■ '," "'" ^^^B? How does the eayle act ut tiiaos to tho iish-huwk ? ' ' Lesson A'T. THE BLACK BEAR. cav^, n., rt hollTiophuc in the mrlh. <.'5mt(, n., the sHhsfanc: in „.hi,h l,,, i^,i,je honey flSsh, n., animal food. t&i, n.,anoili/ substanw. 9naVy§, ^. t., to bite of little hy uttk. ho 1 ' i o^, n , a place excavated. 1I^§, V. i., to rest. ro^m, V. i., to ivnndfr, to rove. twigsy, n., a smallshonl. useful, adj., haviiuj power to produce yood. 1. Here is a i)ictiire of a black bear 2. Sonic bears arc black, some ai-e white and others are brown, ' I ,ii* I I ii M 132 ELEMENTAliY liEADEK Ui i.'t 3. 3. Bears are covered with long, thick, hail*, which keeps them very warm. 4 Men hunt bears for their skins. From tliese skins, coats and other things are made which are useful in winter. o. The flesh of the bear is good to eat, and an oil IS made of his fat. 6. The bhick bear is a good climber. He makes his home in a hollow tree or a cave. 7. He is veiy fond of wild fruit, of whieli he tinds plenty in the woods. THE BLACK BEAR. 133 8. lie is very \\nu] of liuiiov, and when lie finds a hive of wild bees, lie is snre to take all they have. |). The wild bees make their* hives in liollow trees, and the bear finds tlienibvlhe smell of the honey. 10. When he finds a hive, he climbs the tree and for hours and horse, he gnaws away at the bark and tlie wood. 11. After a while he makes a hole lar^re enough to let in his paw. 12. Of course the bees do not like this Ihey buzz aiound the bear, and try to sting i'lni. But his skin is so thick, and his hair IS so long, that he does not mind the stini^s ot the bees. 13. Jle puts his great paw through the liole into the hive, pulls out large pieces of the comb which holds the honey. 14. He never stoi)s until he has taken all tlic poor bees have in their hive, and has it'lt them without any food for winter. lo. When winter comes, the bear creeps iiito a iiole or a cave, and there he makes a sott bed of leaves and tvvigs. •I 'i ,,v fi II tn-, iSf lU'i- >'Klf 134 ELEMENTARY READER. 16. When the snow conies, it covers the mouth of the liole or cave, where the bear lies snugly hidden. 17. He closes his eyes, and seems to sleep through the whole winter. 18. In the spring, wlien the snow is gone, and the green leaves come out, and the birds begin to sing again, the bear wakes from his long sleep. 19. Then he sets out once more to roam about the woods, hunting for fruit and hives of wild bees. Questicns.—l. What is the subject of the lesson ? 2. Can you tell me anything about the black bear? 3. Wliere does he stay? 4. On what does ho live ? 5. Docs he like honey ? 6. What does he do when he finds a boo's nrst ? 7. What does he do in win- terV 3. Does he sleep all winter ? 9. What does he do in spring ? Bequire the pupil to bring upon paper or slate, a Utile history of the hear as in the lesson. Lesson VII. LETTER WRITING. The great Father Burke was very fond of children. He v>'on their hearts by his gain- ing ways. Often lie would join in their LETTER -WRITING. 135 little sports. They loved liim dearly. Thouo-h lie was playful when witli cliildren, he kne^w the proper moment to give them a useful lesson. He was master of the situation. His words were simple, his manners pleasino- and his humor pleasant. Among his little favorites were two fine boys. The elder, named eTohn, was about ten years old ; and the younger, Frank, about eight. One day as Father Burke's visit was announced, Frank ran into the room full of joy, and, as usual, seated himself upon the Father's knee, when the following dialoo:ue took place : Father Burke.-Well, Frank, so you have taken your old seat ; but where is John ? Frank.— Oh, sir, John is gone to Toronto. Fr. B.— Indeed I how long has he been gone ? F.— More than a month. Fr. B.— How many letters have you written to him? F. — None, Father. Fr. B.— What, Frank, have you forgotten your brother John ? ) II M' I •\: ij ^M 136 ELEMENTARY READER F.— No, indeed ; i)ut I do not knoAv how to write a letter, Futlier. Fr. B. — Should you like to know how ? F. — 0, yes, Fatlier. Fr. B.— Then sui)pose you and I, between us, try to make up a letter to John. Sliall we? F.— Oh, yes, Fatlier, if you please. 1 should be glad to send liini a word or two. Fr. B.— Well, then, let us begin. "Saucy Jack:" Will that do? F.— Oh, no. Father ; T should not like to write any thing like that. Fr. B.— Why not, Frank ? F. — Because that would be so rude. Fr. B.— Let us try again : " Mv dear Brother : " Will that do little ci-itic i F. — Oh, yes, that will do \-ery well. Fr. B.— Xow let us go on : " Last Thurs- day half Montreal was burned down, and " F.— Why Father Burke ; that will never do. Fr. B.— I see you are hard to please ; why will it not do ? LETTEL WlilTIisG. 137 I*.— Because it would not l)e true, and surely you would not wish we to write tliat. Jr. B.— Tlien suppose we clmno-o it to "Last night our tabby had three kittens. " That is true, because you told nie just now. F. (hesitatuHjly).—Y-(i-^^ it is true ; but yet I should not like to write tliat. Fr. B.— Ah, there it is again ; but, pray wliynot? ^' l^'.— Because I do not think it proi)er to write such news in a letter to John, for it would be of no interest to him. Fi^ B.— Oh \ then, if I properly under- stand you, friend Frank, you think that when we write letters to our friends, we should, in the fii-st place, never be rude ; se- condly, that we must never sav what is'not true ; and, thirdly, that we must never tell them what is not worth knowing Am I right ? F.- Yes, Father ; and if I were to write a letter, I should try to think of all this. Fr. B.— Then, my dear boy, you must never again tell me that you do not know how to write a letter ; for I assure you you w I!! m l.^i ELEMENTARY READER. hare a much bettor notion of letter-writin- thnn many people wlio are five times your age. "^ Frank tlion-Ul a while, and then went into another joom. In about an hour he came back, smiling, and said: '' Well, Father Burke, I thank you. Do you think this good ? " a/f. V- I) y^-V, ■o--n^C-'Ve-r^ /vn^ ^ -//, y/^ ■?t/syu}4.. ■^■i'tZ'-?'!^ ■^Jt^.Ao- ■uytl-t''EA- -^^ /) /I A '.^€, 7' «^ ■uy<^. / «-w*«. y>o ! why, your letter is excellent. " - Oh, thanks. That makes me i-emember i^utlier whatyouso often say, " Where there IS a will tliei-e is a wav." not to .„ p„. i^rii. J, I ■- X :„;Fii":;;i'n' s:'i always easy? 9. Whvnof? on , ^- ^^'^^ '^ > ^. wnynot/ 10. How are letters delivered now ? LessOxV A^III. MY MOTHER. Ce^se V. i., to stop vwving, acting, or speaking. ■era dl^-, n., infancy. From tlu, ciadlr, i, frow //,. ,/„/, „^ • . ;,. ii 11 . ' ''^J'^'ii" i-iK stale of infaneii '^??' a > ''• r-, /o give in return. SOOth^, r. t, to soften, assuage, calm, ^wu"''* ^^^ ^^^^^^ched my infunt head When sleeping in my ci-adle bed And tears of sweet aftection shed ? My i\Iotlier. When pain and sickness made me ciy Who gazed upon my heavy eye, MV MOTHER 141 And wept for ihav tliat I should die ? My Mother. Who i-jin to hdp mo wlieii I fell, And wudld some ])retty stories tell, Or kiss the part to make it well ? My Mother. Who loved to see me pleased and gav And taught me sweetly how to i)rav And minded all I had to say ? My Mother. An : can I ever cease to be Loving, true and kind to thee, Who wastso very kindtome? My Mother. Oil no! the thought I cannot bear; And, if God please my life to spare, 1 iiope 1 shall reward thy care. My Mother. When thou art feeble, old and gray My healthy arm shall be thv stay And I will soothe thy pains away. My Mother. Our Lord, wlio ■eigns above the skies, il^ 142 ELEMENTARY READER. Ill p i! Would look with vengeance in his eyes, It I should ever dare despise My Mother. QursHons.-l. 'Ml -n. six thi.gs mother does for vou ■ t w<, ,„ ti,.. u™g,on. boiorogo,ngto school, two at neon. .„d on. .t g^ ^^^^\\ iKit IS a healthy arm ? 3. What will ou. Lord do ... bad clukl- Zei (he pupil comma several stanza, to memory. Let each r>uuU Lesson- IX. MOSES. T.— In our last social chat we -^poke of Josej)h. We noticed that after the deatli of Josei)h. the Israelites were made slaves The £-gyptians were jealous of the favor showii them by the king. But the king who hoj, ored Joseph, died, though another of the same name ascended the throne. This kino- Pharaoh was not inclined to grant theiii immy favors. He even ordered that all male children should, upon their birth, be thrown into the Mle. Moses, of whom we shall speak to-day, was no exception to the law Robert, will you please tell me how Moses TITQC1 CI «-»■»' ,^:i ^ '^ MOSES. 143 Roberr.--Go(l who ^\W^.^.i, .^^^ ^,^^,^,.^j^ all tilings, luul (IcstincMl M..ses to 'ho Iho leader of iris el.oscm ihm),,I<>. HohcowIkmi the mother of Moses gazcMl upon the l,eu„tiful Ijtee of her son, she was strnek with wonder andaw^e. She did not wish to thn.w hi.n into the Nile. She by inspiration from above, made a basket of b,driish(>s and tend- erly ])laeed him in his iiew eradle and then set It afloat. She watehed the baskt't as it drifted down the stream. SIk^ felt (certain that he was to he saved. The dau^•]aer of the Queen haj.pened to be near bv, and hearing the eries of an infant, sh^ was attraeted to the floating l>usKet. Sfie ordered lier servants to save the eliild, and when brought to shore, little Moses with his nnt- st]-8tched hands, moved hvv i)itv She ad mired the l)eauty of the eliild, and secretlv resolved to bring him up„ T.— Robert, you answered very well indeed. I have reason to bo phased with you. 1 shall now ask Thomas to continue. Thomas.— The anxious sister watched what v/as taking place. She timidh ad- yanced, and asked whether she did not wish J f I f ii 'i* ^^llf 144 ELE.MKXTARV l:KADER ft U isri;r; ::r;:;;r;:;'':*,-~> ^»"i"«e. She van \u .,11 i / ^'"^" '' and iiistiiiotfd in .,ii n ' , ' "^ "'^Qnwii, %.vi.tia„.s '" ""^ '^""^'«dge of tia. T.-Veiy go,„l, TI,o,„as. Charic, did H lodge V '''^" ''°*«»« Mi'C'h know- Charles. — Ye^ thn i?^ ^- that time co„sid,'odo,S''''"n""'^"' arts and sciences ¥-,. '«""«<1 '" the from Greece a:\,,t 'Li; •r'T"''""^' Moses, therefore, ha,| even '/' ''"^^•• having destined hilTa t'lf f i ^'' cew^se prepared Li.„ ,„r u! £ X/;, that God always gives the necess-,rv\.. V «nd graces to those whon, He ,x,inf f '' any special mission. ■'i'Points for T. —Excellent, Charles exeellonf m Jauies, how long did M,l.T ^°'^- Court ? '^' ""nam at the James.— Ho reii>n;,>afi <•- . '—■-'"^a forty years. MOSES ,^j "■'" ',';'>■ '■' l'«l'P0,UMl Uml vvhilst 1,0 vv',^ attf.MliMs Ins oidinaiy ,l„tios 1... Eo-viit;.,., .1: ,• * ""''"''. "0 saw an vveii Jlcni,, ujllyou please tell the class -motlnng more of Moses an,l his naiJl'Jr wa„deJ;?;if T;.eXrtI " *"?" ^^"^ H.V. IT ^" "" «'*^*' a bush on Pemissi^,n f^ !>. , ^° '° Pharoah and ask save hi. £ poSto^; l^^SX^-^^e exercised this power to convrn e th ' ki"! and h« court. But the king fearing to lose " ' '^' ""^ '"^s consent. I'efusal Moses worked each one of the ten great I ■ I 1 .li_ 1 ■*' 'if 146 ELEMENTARY EEADEE. fiii «muclos, known as the ten pl„g„es of ,hli~^!"''^'' ** ^■°" ''^™ »" objection, I shall continue the history ? Henry._I have no objection ; on the contrary, I shall be delighted to listen to th JicW^'t*' !"'' °' "'" *"" "•'^'"'^^ '^''""ght told h n, ; 'T^'^'^- '^^'^ "^"^^'^ Moses and told hnn he nnght go into the desert and the.^offersacr.fice to God. So Moses atthe head of SIX hundred thousand ,non, niarehod out of E^vpt. The first miracle he wrou. Z li" ' \'T^' ""'""s'' "'« R«d s:.a. e" ,! T^' '''""" ''"■'"^' ^°'- I'^^^'i"!? left ^g}pt. They murmured and complained God gave them Manna, a figure of the holv E.diarist, uh>ch had any taste thev desired to have LatcronHegavethem,-th u. Moses, he ten Commandments. He ordcr^ spur,g forth a clear stream to satisfy the thn-st of the people. He r.rotected His pcopl "T "r ., ^^' '''''^- He gave tl J com to gu,de them ; and at night a pillar olh.e.He helped thoin to fight battles; l)lagiies of objection, I ion ; on the ;o listen to 3S brought Moses and iesert and OSes at tlio I, mai-clied le wrought Red Sea. laving left mplained. f the holv 3y desired througli e ordered h should tisfy the is people them a a pillar THE PtOBlN. He worked other o-rp^f fi • . ^^^ ^tni the^- were di?nlf 7^^\^''' '^''''' '^ ^"^ the age of 120 t' ,"" ' . '!r ^^^^^^ ^^ tered the promised Land °'^'^' '"" ^^^ileb and Josua. ''' "^^"^^'^ '^^''^ Lkssox X. THE ROBIN. . \ The robin is better k„o,.,, tu„ '"'■*• It comes earliest TT "'°'* Soes .way late i„ tl fel Itt, T"^^' ""'' "«'■• houses, and every dav r * ''' ""''' garden and yard. l.iel/inX sth 7' t '^smaybe thrown to it ^r/ .'"f '^™nl« tiivorite of children. '" '" 'l'®^''*' 2. It is three times as lar?e as tho , If« color is a dark olive '"S about for oaciv, and by the tniio it came baek to the onX route." ' '''' •'"•-' •^•^''"••' ^"^ ^"••'^ a One spring a pair of thrushes were seen about the garden of a eountry hous 0"^ of them seemed ill, and eould hardly get stop, too tired to go farther. 10. Her mate took good care of her He got her .nto a safe place in a tree, brou7''»' off togotlK-,., color '^ 8 \in. ,"''*/'")"" «ay of the rohin ? o wu . ■ ■ Lesson XI. THE PARMER IN ADTDMN -'^y ,z. I., to drchne ; ti^^'-P^rck;alongslenci,.rp,cceof.oood. 1- After the fanner Ims finishprl i,- mer harvest he then ..i. ,^^ ^"« s»m^ nier-fallows a-' sow. ,l ■ "I °''" '"^ S"'"- ^<-' 1} e, tii.it IS, wheat .and rve thot „ ■;en,a,n in tlicfcld durin^the W„tt ? he harvested the nex, snam. u ' ':"'' wheat is snivn if • '"'"^^i. After the issfmii, It iseoveretMyith e'lrtl. K sprino- whooi- on.] • ^ '^"o <^^Q called but if tl loi-e 18 but litth ff tojrctlior. '' 2. What is its ' robins that built ere are robins to N. ^h's Slim- Jh's siiin- '»eat and that are fiter, and fter the sarth bv eat and 3 called ' before t little THE FARMER IX AUTUMJf 16| snow during the winter, and if the ground fi-eezes and thaws often, the roots of tlie grain areapttobe thrown ont of the earth'and !/fTV^"^^^^^"^- ^^J'<^ fanner says it is 3 Havins? completed nf! this, hobosrinsto gathers (he .,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;;„ the pic! tnrc .hey ,„„.(, !,« carefully pieke.l from the trees. Thoiy must not bo shaken off, for m m if lil * i!| ■?■■ rai ^^h .iii k- i ^52 ELEMENTARY EEADER. they would be, bruised by the fall, and the bruising would cause them to decay. 4. After the winter apples have been care- hilly gathered, the trees are shaken, and cleared of their fruit ; or the apples are beaten off with a pole. These reniaininc^ apples are picked up and sometimes carried to the cider-mill, where they are ground into a soft pulpy mass. 5. The apples, are crushed by a larire wooden wheel, which is drawn around in a large circular througli When they have been crushed, or ground fine, the pulp is put into presses, and the juice is pressed from it. • 6. This fresh juice is the sweet cider which most persons are so fond of ; but in a few weeks it becomes sour : and if it be left ex posed to the air, it will in time turn to vin egar. thl'A^^Z^''^ "•"" *"nesboys have in the fall ot the year ; and not only the boys but the squirrels also. After a few hard frosts the shucks of the hickory-nut, and the burs of the chesniit open, and their fruit la..s to the ground. Sometimes boys climb i. BABBITS. 163 the trees, and shake off the nuts, or they beat them off with a pole. Boys gather bo-'(;l[- nuts, walnuts, and butternuts also. Gaily chattering to the clattering Of the brown nuts downward pattering, Lenp the squirrels red and gray, On the grass land, on the fallow, Drop the apples, red and yellow ; Drop the russet pears and mellow ; Drop the red leaves all the day. Qi.,estbHs.—l. What i.s the subject of this lesson? V/luit does this picture represent ? What is the farmer now (loin<''? 2 What comes up before tlie winter sets in ?3. What is then to be feared'^ What comes after the fall-sowing? Wliv must not tlie apDJe-lrees be shaken ? 4. What is to be done after the wint.n- apples have been gathered? 5. By what means are the apples crushed? 6 ^\hat IS cider? What do you call cider when it becomes sour? 7. Why do boya and sciuirrels have merry times in the fall of the year. . ii m Lesson XIL RABBITS. 1. The rabbit is one of our innocent and hai-mless friends, that is a great pet with children. It is very timid and easily scared, but when treated kindly, becomes very tame. iMif i Hi ">* EM;MENTAEY READER. 2. The n.bbit is about the size of a cat and .a, „,„,, ,,,, ^,,,^ ^^ .,^ ^^_.^^^^ ^^^^. . IS not so laigo as tlio tame rabbit which we have alioiit the liouse. 3. The rabbit has sharp gnawing-teeth Hive the rat and mouse, and it gets its food and eats it in the same way. 4. It eats tlie leaves and stalks of plants and IS very fond of cabbage, lettuce, and the tender leaves of , beets and turnips. It son.c- tnuos does nmcl, duumge by gnawing the "ark of young fruit-ti'ees. •5. Its fore feet are armed witli stronsr b uut claws. It can not climb, but it is able to dig holes in tlie eartli. . 6- Our wild rabbit lives in the grass, or n holes which it ihuh in stumj-s and hollow trees, and among stones ; but the En«-lisi, rabb.t digs a hole in the soft ground for its nome. '. 7. Tiie holes that the rabbits dig are called burrows; and where a great man v rabbits have burrows close together, the place where they live is called a wwmi. 8. The burrows have two or more doors, :e ofa cat, :niy rabbit ' which we wing-teetli its its food of plants, ce, and the • It so me- owing the h strong, but it is grass, or nd hollow 5 English id for its ire called ' rabbits ce wliere •e doors, RABBITS fs9 SO that if a weasel or some other enenivgoer in at one door, the rabbit runs out at^the other. In a w\arren, many burrows open into one another, forming a village under tii'oiind. 9. The rabbits choose a sandy place for a warren, near a bank, where they can dig easily, and where the water will run off. In tliese homes they sleep most of time during the day, and come out by night to feed on such plants as they can iind. When wild, tlie dew gives them drink enough ; but when fed with dry food, they need water. xO. The labbit has large ears, and can hear the slightest sound. When feeding or '; 10 ■ :* its are able are longer 'f waiting, springs for- 3 over the woods and 1*068. One ch, prowl- n the poor one fierce he rabbit? 3. ow do they get LEARN YOUIl LESSON. 157 away from the weasel ? 5. What hav. you to .ay c.f yot.ng rabbits? 6 Lpon what do they feed? 7. How do they ruu? 8. Have rabbits onomies/ Exerme. -Lh the pupil write a letter about rabbits, giving afavf vJ^fi of their sue. habits, aiut general way of living. ^ '' Lesson XIII. LEARN YOUR LESSON. I5§'Si^n, n., a task; a j)rccipt. brav^, adj., voumgvom ; ijalhuit; intrepid. i^d'-dl^, n., a Scotch woril, for hoi/. lat^gh-^d,;)., derided; ridiculed. count'-ed, ju. (from coumj; numbered. dtinc^, t(. a ihickskuU; a dullard; a dolt. e>S(iXr'-ag\, n., hram-y ; valor. be-hind', imp., at the hack of; remaining afttr. gllb'-ly, adv., smoothly; voluhhj ; quickly. stu'-pid, adj., dull; insensible; sluggish. Fou'll not learn your lesson by crying, my , fuian, You'll never come at it by crying, my man, Not a word can you spy For t'le tear in your eye, [can. So just set your heart Id It as brave as vou If you like your lesson, it's sure to like you, The oords, then, so glibly would jump to fyour uioa. (1) ( 1 ) Scotch, ftur moath. I % ■I ■Mm i " . •si r If 158 l^iil the Ju(kl K'leh to its place '^'J tlie others would ch Olil who would I ^^'>vonhl wonder how cl '^se, ("grew. ever lie To ff'ipelikejibubv Afraid for h >^' counted a d y, or i« turn "nee on n ^n^r ^"^^^^^'^^^"iiearsshoi And be laughed at by all the A OU uiay Qiy till yo And then not cy like a fool ; fsto onMburn.rschool. small bo\< in tl ic U Cl y yourself stupid ind a word will remain But cliee fl>Iind, youi in F, An4 you'll soon ^' "P } our heart. fmind oral.thin^&comeeasywith now your part, ^ courage hmm. x uKsso-; XIV. THE PARMER m WlNTJSR. «St'tl^, „., Jea^^ of pasture. farm "■' " """^'"''■''^'' •^"'^'^"^r. ■»■» ijrn, V. ^., /o cai,/;,.u •'-,--; ■ , — «/ ^<; uUviomsh. 3e, fgi'ow. vv clever iie 111 nee on n '>oI ; fstooi ? '•M. [school. l>ov. in tij<. stupid ind [blind, ^ in your fmind; part, TIIK FAIiiMEK IN WINTER. 159 1. After tlie corn-hjirvev|. there is little for the farmer to do on^his i\mn • but some- tiines he does not ^^ ^^i^^i tlieir lessons hnf %^'''^- for play when sph^r^] • ' ^ ^^^o^^' 1 J >> UK.H scnool IS OVP)' Wr,^. +1. slid «o. doS/ I ° ^^"''^ ^''e^now-balling. cold/the "" nnf '^' 'f •^*°'™^' «"d year In 7i '^'' '"' P'^asant season of the yeai 1ft a liappj countiy-home. Smnmer is a glorious season B«ttl7:;t"fno;'''''""'p'^--'; '^ past IS not a reason io despise the present And the log lights up the hall There are sunny days in winter, J. >nethan all %Pu^^^^ and hreshed out, \,the wtod- f for another )al. fciidy. Then but eager J'or them, 'Ports and >w-balling, nd sleigh- ^oi'ms, and 11 winter ; ason of the SHA'.^'T Ai^D WON'T. Lsant lountain. 11. ^61 and his sons .Z X^n '^^nS Th V " 'i t "^^ ^^^'"^ tiie wheat, rve barlev \^r n ? o r ^* '^ ^° ^^ done with Lesson XY. SHA'NT AND WON'T. bllth^, ad}'., gay ; Tnerry. dT§'-mal, adj., gloomy; dreary. grtlf^, adj., coarse in, voice; rough. searc^'-ly, adv., hardly. sha'-n'-t {p. shant), sImU not. stu'pid, ad., dull in mind. SttlP'dy, adj., strong, tmyiclding. ^^^'Xen, adj., gloomy; angry. t^r'-pi-bl^, adj., frightful; very bad. won't, (p. W0ntj, will not. Sha'nH and Won't were two sturdy brothers, Angry and sullen and gruff • Try and Will are dear little sisters,' One scarcely can love them enough. Sha'nH ^MWonH looked down on their noses, Their faces were dismal to see • Try and Will are brighter than roses ' In June, and as blithe as the bee. Sha'nH and Won't ^vere backwnH pn.i ou.^:^ Little, indeed, did they know ; ■Hi 162 ij ELEMEXTARY READER. Try and m7^ lean, so.nething new daily, And seldom are heedless or slow ^/.«'.V and PFo., loved nothing, no, nothin. So much as to have their own wiv ^-yand m7/ give up to their elders '' And try to please others at play. Sha'71't and Won't oamp ic +^ -n ''^/^ r came to terrible trouble Their story is too sad to tell f ' ^andm-^arenowinthesehool-room Learning to read and to spell. ' Lesson XYl. MAKING MAPLE SUGAR. a-btin'-dant, mlj., plentiful. as-9end§, f., goes up. man'-ner. „„«.,,/;,„„,,,,, „,,,,,^. trough, (trawf.) „., , ,,„^ ,^,,^,^ ^^^^^_ 1. Maple sugar is made from the saD of vduo IS made hom the iniop nf tj,„ cane. '' ^ °* *''<' sugar- 2. In some parts of our conntrv „p^ ti- ^«ued States, where the sugar mai.t;.e; tak( ew daily, or slow. 10, notliins: own way; [ers, t play. le trouble, 11! ol-room, ell. 163 e sap of ; iniisco- e sugar- anrl 4-U^ tple-tree MACTG MAPLE-SUGAE. ,,^ be obtained ■,« if b'"""". M<»t the sap can of the "ei l^S""^'' ^'■°'" ^-^ '^^^^t^ leaves. ' ^ '^'""^' *° *e b„ds and^ uei, 01 ot the sumach, or r)erhan'« ^f pme, IS then drivpn in tk T .^^^"^P^ ot -pflow.so^eSs'Lwdtfl'^L^*''^ t"«esinahnostan..nl.g,S;"'""'^- -om^tin^es obtained ft.o.„ aV„;tte '^^ the -Pie t. j,::tr,^^^^ «.e tret: nT'J.H "' '," '^"'^ «" '^--d to taketo:illri--P.whiehthey Uy^^ ,„. ' vvneie it is poured info - toiler as it may be needed. fi' If 1 ■ I m 164 ELEMENTAEY KEADER Questions.— 1. From wliat is maple sugar made? 2. What is the farmer's first work in spring? 3. Wlion can tiie saj. bo obtained? 4. In what manner is the sap obtained? 5. In what is the sap caught.. G. Where IS the sap carried? What do the farmer and his ■sons with the sap ? III Lesson XVII. DAVID. T.— I shall not recount all the Israelites did and suffered. After the death of Moses Joshua, became the leader. He one day or- dered tlie sun to stand still, in order tliathe might complete his victory over his enemies. After Joshua, the Israelites were governed by Judges. But they grew weary oi ^leir Judges, and clamored for a king like other nations. Samuel, the last of the Judges, went before the tabernacle and praved to the Lord of Hosts for instruction. God told him that they complained against Him and that He was willing to satisfy them. He told Samuel to go and annoint Saul, king. A^w, Thomas, will you kindly tell me how David became king ? Thomas. — Saul foi' uianv yeai's ;n ? faithful to the trust given hiuJ Little oy BAVm. 165 I What 18 the > be obtained ? lat is the sap farmer and iiis [sraelites )f Moses, e day or- r that ho enemies, governed oi ^heir :e other Judges, ayed to rod told [im and ni. He king, me how LI'S ';t* ttle oy little, he grew careless and in the end fell. God ordered Samuel to anoint David as king. Thus from l)eing an humble shepherd, he was raised to the di2:nitv of kin^ T. -— Good, Thomas. I sliall call upon Mattliias to tell us something of the life of David. Matthias.— David was a valiant {.nd God-fearing youth. He made no display of the graces he had received from God. He was humble and obedient. But God often makes use of the weak to confound the mighty. It happened that the Israelites were fighting an enemy of great power. In the ranks of their enemy there was a big, strong, powerful man, named Goliah. All the Israelites dreaded him. This giant laughed at their fears, cursed their God, and said that he alone would undertake to de- feat them. This reached the ear of David who full of hope in God, asked permission to slay him. He was brought t. . the tent of Saul. Orders were given that the youth be clad in a complete armor. David, how- ever, felt quite uneasy in his new garb. He i ^66 ELEMENTARY READER. requested to go Avithoiit it, and gu xu dinary shepherd', suit. When the go in fn's or- iaiii:. rr saw he yoi.th approaching, he scorned him. But )av,d did not heed his taunts. Invok- ing the aid of God, h. took a, .,ling-shot .'tnd vvith a sure and steady aim, lo.iger! a pointed stone in the forehead of the giaat Both sides were in g.eat expectation. Koo,, thcv perceiv,.,! the giant moving uneasily, and then as a heavy weight fell to the earth. me. V ou answered very well. With your permission, I shall call upon Paul to continue. „ I ml ^^"''^ "'"« the favorite of the people. This enraged Saul. But David was calm and prudent. Once whilst David was playing upon his harp, Saul being seized by Ae evi spirit took his spear to throw it at I'lm. David fled, but in Jonathan, he had a friend and brother. After the death of haul, David was acknowledged by all as their king. T.— Paul, you have answered very well Now, as our time is limited, I shall give vou some other points about David. As a ! ' Mr David wa^s good and kind. He love. UxS AIR, WIND, AND DEW. 16; in his <>r- the giiuii; orned liim. s. Invok- g-shot jind f a pointed tit Both Houn they 'asily, and earth. ' surprise ^^iti. your continue, •ite oi the )avid was >avid was seized by row it at i, he had death of 1 as their 'ry well, give you s a ^ *^'g. people and did all in Lis power to aid them. Re had manv enemies. But God did not „, 168 ELEMENTARY READER. 2. The air, ^vith tlie vapors which it con- tains, IS called the atmosphere. The hio-her we ascend into this atmosphere, the thinner the air becomes. On liigli mountains, it i. much thinner than in the plains. TIk^ height to which the atmosphere extends is between fifty and sixty miles. Above this there are neither clouds nor wind. 3. The vapors, which rise continually from the earth, and from everything upon It, collect in the atmosphere. They unite together, and produce rain, snow, fog, ^ml all other changes of the weather. 4. Winds are air put in motion chiefly bv means of heat. When any part of the air i; heated by the rays of the sun, or bv any other cause, it expands and becomes lighter It then ascends, and tlie surroundinc. air rushes in to supply its place. "^ 5. When the wind is violent, it is called a hurricane. Storms and hurricanes some- times uproot the strongest trees, overthrow houses, and lay waste large tracts of country. 6. The effects are not often seen in our country, but they are not uncommon in AIR, WIND, AXB DEW. fl' 169 lich it con- Tlio higlior the thinner itiiins, it is iains. Tlio extends, is Vbove this I ontinually ling upon hey unite '^,fo(/, and chiefly by 'the air is f by any 3S lighter, iding air is called es some- verthrow country. i in our imon in others. In the We^t Indies, tliey sometimes destroy whole plantations. 7. What is called a Mc/h-wmd, moves at the rate of moi-e than tliirty miles an hour. In a hurricane, the wind is said to move one hundred miles in that space of time. 8. The watery vapors Avhich ascend fronr the earth, during the heat of the dav, beino- condensed by the cold of night, fall down again, and tliis is called dew. 9. Wlien tlie niglit is so cold tliattliedew is frozen, it is called /^^ar/ms-^, and the trees and grass appear as white as if they were powdered. 10. The reason of tliis is, that when trees and other bodies are extremely cold, the vapors which fall upon tliem are changed into particles of ice. In very cold weather the vapors arising from our mouths are froz- en, and, in that state, "Ssten themselves to our hair, in the same manner as the dew does on the grass Questions.— 1. By what is the earth surrounded ? 2. What is the atmosphere'? la the atmosphere of the same density everywhere ? 3, What do united vapors , . ■ iuce? 4. What are winds? By what are they put in motion : ^. What is a storm ? 6. Wher« are th« W ;i :iil m ll' 170 TILEMENTARY READER. ^'^-""''Vww^jzxT'""''-^^-'- * f * ' I ; Hi] Lesson XIX. THE SEVEN ^xxuitiiMENTS. 1. Tho Sacraments, the Sacramenta, The work of love and power, Tliat bring from heaven floods of grace In gentle stream and shower ; With graces supernatural The Church of God they flood, Applying to her cliildren's souls' Their Saviour's Prt jious Blood. 2. Some cleanse the soul from mortal sin, And souls to life restore, AVhile others give increase of life. And strengthen more and more' : They also give a special aid, A sacrameuoal grace Peculiar to each sacra lent, To .. Ip us :a the ru^j. 3. How simple are the Sacraments In all uitiL meets the :jve • How great, sublime, and wonderful The graces they suppl, i Without them ear-' ^vere barren, Producing little ,d, E'en though our S<. . lour died for us And shed His Precious Blood. THE SEVEN SAC1;AMKNTS. 4. 8o<' Baptism the fu-st of all, The gate of all the rest, Its matter simple, wliiK; hn form Is easily ex[)ress(>(l, Its ministers so near at hantH which cloan'e the 80Mlfr(,m mortal sin. Those whi.h increase grace. What snooial uul do the Sacramonts give? How do th.y ai.p,.ar to the eye? , f f'Jhoy in reality ? In what «lato would the earth Lo without them? Which is the first of tho Sacraments? Who is its minister? How 18 the life of n.an to bo re«a.dcd? What Sa.'rament prepares liira fca- tho buttle ol lif,. ? \\ hy ,.s it said of Penance " 'Tis a plank left; after shipwreck"? Which is the greatest of the Sacraments'^ W hy called Eucharist '^ AVhat does our Lord become in the Euchar- ist ? What are the eflectH of Holy Orders ^ In what does the office of Priesthood consist ? What is said of Matrimony ? Why is Extreme Unction so called ? Name its effects. Why do you prize tho Sacraments ? What is it to despise them ? m % Lesson XX. SILK. €at'-er-pTl-i,ar, n., an insect which ihcurs kavea. f6rt'-nl^l;jt, n., the simce of two vccls. mttl'-bfir-py, ^^., a tree, and the fruit of a. tree. pl,ero^, V. t., to penetrate ; to enter. re^I, afraincfor yarn. rSg'-u-lfir, ac/j., according to rule. Plb'-ls^on, n., a fillet or slip of silk. sfit'-in, n.. soft, close, and shining silk. Silk'- -worm, n., a worm that spins silk. -T----J5 « -(>/' '"'\lf ItScUJvr stuiruhj iiuniH'iiis, Xyrap^^d, V. t., rolled together; covered. m :S iti i '■■ tH 411 m -''ill^^'HBI ! 'i ii'^ m '. t i ' li' }■ rmi liave often seen silk and velvot hatched be^^n^oi' ! '''" "^ *^^^ ^^^'^ ^ • ''^'" *^ ^^^ and grow. They are ^^ great eaters. All day long they feast on the tender loa^'es of the mulberry-tree. 3. After a number of days each silk-worm begins to «l>in a fine thi-ead, either yellow or white, and from it weaves the case, or cocoon as It ]s called, in which the worm shuts itself up for a long slee]). 4. But how does the silk- worm spin the thread ? two onfinf . It spins the thread from t^ outlets near its mouth. Of course th. i^toic «pinners must writhe and twist them i-nd velvet, are! From fiich looks sveral hun- i-heads or ilk-worms, ! they are They are day long le tender erry-tree. 3r of days, begins to 3, either id from it I* cocoon, hich the up for a the silk- ad? id from irse the st them SILK. 175 solves around very mucli to shut themselves up in their prisons of gold and silver; but God has tauglit them how to do it. 5. When tlie caterpillar has thoroughly wrai)ped itself in the cocoon, it goes into a half-sleeping state for about a fortnight, or perhaps longer ; then it bursts the coooon, and comes out a gay ^'fnoih, and flies away to live a short but joyous life. 6. But most of the worms are killed be- fore they become moths. Why are they killed? The cocoons are placed in a heated oven, or over steam, long enough to deprive the i)oor worms of life, otherwise the moth would pierce thecocoon[ and. instead of one long and regular thread, would 1-^ave nothing b-ut a mass of silk-wad- ding. 7. After the worm is dead, the thread is wound upon a reel, to be woven into rich, costly fabrics,— silks, satins, velvets, and ribbons. 8. You would cry out if you saw a cater- vour pill but if it could speak, it "might sav, " I ■m lU ; i» A? 'i'S, s*. V III ' Ij n« r W flit I ELEMENTARY READER. •MA inine, it's mine • I moH^ a- v • Questions — 1 'Rmm ,.,i j. -any eggs does tl J^ott/ir T^ "^"^* "^^^^ ^^ "^w What do the sHk-worms spb Iftc ''^f ''^ ''^° '^8^ ^^^^d ? 3. thesilk-worzx. spin the tEcf^o rn"' '^^'^ " ^^ ^^ d- after it has wrapped itself in the cocol' ^wf ''"^' ^^^'^'"^^^"^ worms kUIed before they become mo ? 7 T J'^"'^.'""'^* ^^ ^^e woven ? "'°^"s / 7. Into what is the thread Lesson XXI, ' FLAX. drl^d, r. /ro„j, to ary, made dn, ■ frcM f « Mi> C/^o»i he,) to he m a state of rest roots, ,i, o«e oftlie .rgans of vegetation. 1. T^^ ^^ttle iiax-plant bears pretty hln. flowers. A field of flax in blossom I . gay sight. "°"' '" ^ ^ery 2. When the plant is ripe for harvestin. FLAX. part of my- made? 2. How pggs turned? 3. s ? 4. How does of tlie silk-worm are most of the Hat ia the thread 177 % blue is a very I'vesting, )ots, and 3lve the )ark to- delinafia stem are the parts to De spun into thread and woven into cloth. 4. When the plant has lain long enough in water, it' is taken out, rinsed, and dried. Then it is beaten and combed. The large comb or hatchel sep- arates the long fibres from the short ones which we call tow. The flax now looks very much like long, light-colored hair. 5. It is then spun into thread, from which linen-cloth is made. Quesiio7is.~l. What kind of flowers does the flax-plant Bear? 2 When the plant is ripo, what is done? Why is the plant laid in water? 3. What part of the plant is made into cloth? 4. What is done to the plant after it is rinsed and dried? What are the short fibres called? What do the long fibres look like ? 5. Tell me what kind of cloth is made of flax. In the lexicon of youth, which fate reserves i^'or a bright manhood, there is no such word ii:. , m i * ,fi i-l^ ^"^^ ELEMENTAR-f RBADER. Lesson XXII, THE HAIL MAEY. fin'-go?, «., a jnire spirit witlmut a body • L ^^^^> ''"^3-' '""-^Tn-^: affectionate. 510 -Jy, a^//., religious; sacred. ni-ter-ees'-^ion , «.. mer/m«o«. lati^l^t, r. ^, instructed. try'-mg, v. inputting to severe trial. 1. A poor girl, lying „„ her death-bed wa. v,s,ted by two Sisters of Charity. Thev found her instructed in the duties of^^elig n and well jwepared to die. ^ ' thf; h^" J'f!''" '""■ ^ '"'^°"'^ t™e they saw one of them hay.ng reminded her of it ex- . horted her to pray to the Bless ,1 Vi gi^, tTX"irf°""""^*i'°^-^"l'^'tiat irymg moment. 3. The poor giri raised her dying eves that she had gone to the convent school Jlai; .vuuuever she heard the clock strike. THE HAIL ^fARY. 179 er. death-bed. ity. Tiiey of religion, e thev saw Iiing ; and ' of it, ex- <1 Virgin, 'ul at that ^Jng eyes, id replied it school, the Hail k strike, and that she had continued to do so even when 8he was selling roots in the market. 4. She then burst forth into tlie most ar- dent expressions of the consolations Avhich it afforded her, and of the confidence she had that the Blessed Virgin woiild not' now ■'-■■■-■ '^^^' ^-'Ai^ uicQ ouuii alter. 5. This was, indeed, a holy practice, and ■^ *'^'«*»»*'iiyaf!»ro^ji^ir^>a Ai *«" EUEMENTAEY EEADEE one that cannot be too strongly recommended to young persons. 6. It tends to 'remind them of 'death an.) 7. The Hail Mary is one of the most ex- cellent prayers we can use. Part of it was brought from Heaven by the Angel Gabriol Virlf.TV ^""""""'^ t° the Blessed virgm, that she was to be the mother of |-od ; part of it was spoken by St.Blizabeth Blessed Virgm went to visit her ; and part ot It was made by the Church. 8. How beautiful are the words of which It IS composed ! thel" k! ^"7' ^"" ''^^''""'' *'"' Lord is with thee , blessed art thou among women and blessed is the fruit of thy womb, JerC^ Mary, Mother of God, pray for us, sinners now, and at the hour of our death, rri" 9. A child who says this little prayer ton or twelve ti„,es in the day, will Ue sail It tour thousand time, at the end of the year. R 3comiriended f death, and J protectioii lie most ex- ^'^' of it was ?el Gabriel, he Blessed mother of .Elizabeth, when the ; and part ! of which )rd is with )men, and 5SUS. Holy 5, sinners, Amen. " i-ayer ten lave said d of the COTTON. 181 Questions.— 1. Who said the words "Hail! full of grace!"? 2 What was the particular occasion? 3. What do you know of the poor dying girl? 4. What do you know about the Hail Mary? 5 Who was St. Elizabeth ? 6. Why should we say the Hail Mary so Lesson XXIII. COTTON. bale, n., a package or Inmdle. ^^i6s'-SOYYl,n.,theJlowcrofapIanf. ctil'-ti-vat-ed, v., produced from the soil. cal'-i-co, n., a kind of printed cotton cloth. Shrtib, a woody plant not so large as a tree. S^uth'-^rn, adj., relating to the south. spTn'-ner, n., one who spins. trou'-sers, n., loose pantaloons. we^v'-er, n., one icho works at a loom. 1. Cotton grows upon a shrub, which is cultivated in thesoutliern ])ai'tof the United States and in some other warm counti-ies. 2. If the seed is sown early in the spring, the plaints will come up and in a few months grow taller tlian you are. Then it puts out pretty wliite blossoms, and as soon as these fall off, you see a little pod left in the pliice where the flower was. 3. This ])od grows bigger and bigger till it becomes as hiro:e as a siuall egg, aiiii, v/hen ripe, it bursts open. Then what'^do you see? '|.:i- i\ fn 'II "2 ELEMENTART EEADEK. It is quite full of white cotton, j,',st like soft frot ^rpS tlr r"' """ ^« '-■^-•^ and then ^T , "°'^' "'"'' '^° t,iken out amHhen u :s done up in Wes a,„I sent to I I !l I I * 5. There the spinners s^in u • ^ ?n.C: fof £ys T^ '"• •Jeed, all sorts of clothes. ^ ' ''' ?"- Questions.~l Whprr. /i^^ ■ - m t-,ie pod wlicji it is "St like soft, Jiis wool are be i)icked taken out, nd sent to COAL. 183 to yarn, 1, which ises for nd, in- id of bios- when It IS ripe ? Tell me what is done with the soft down . 5. What is made of cotton cloth ? Can you toll me something besides cotton that may bo made into cloth? Lesson XXIV. COAL. lioist-ed, v., raised; elevated. mln-er, n., one who works in a mine. per-rect, adj., faiiUlcss ; complde. pe- rl-od, «., a number of years ; a long time. thou-§and, n., ten- hundred. won-der-hil, adj., vcri/ strange; astonishing. 1. Coal comes from dee{) pits which men dig in the earth. Can you tell me what coal is made of? 2. In far-off time,— thousands of years ago, — the country in which coal is dug was covered with great forests, through which the birds flew and whistled their songs all day long. 3. These forests sunk down, and in the course of a long period of time they passed through great changes. They were crushed together and became quite black and hard, and now form our coal. 4. Yes, that hard, black lump of coal which you see on the lire was once part of a beau- ij I it I If <«* ELEMENTARY KEADEK. tifd tree, covered with green leaves nnd having bird's i.ests on its brancues. 5. It is wonderful, 3-et it is true; for la,-,.e pieces of trees are found ,,uito m- ,ole .ml perto. Just as tlH,v had groin, and ta as a stone ; i„ fact, lumps of coal. 6. A great many men and bovs work in the coal-ints, or n.incs, away down i,, the ear h, where the s.,n never shines. There by the hght la,n,.s they dig the coal an 1 break it into large pieces. ot coal, It .. noisted to tlie top of the pit bv ropes aua c l)<(ins. ^ ^ 8. The iiiiners use horses down in tho mines to draw the coal to the mouth of the pit Often the poor animals are kept there al Itheir lives. They never see the gree, fields nor the sun's light. Quesi(ons.~l. Whence does coal come? 9 ur,u , . the country covered thousands or years a-o/ f " wY'?,''^"*' ^"^ produced in those forests? 4 Of what m". tl , . ^f^; ^''^"S^ was coal once a part ?• 5 In what tt ., l ''''' ^^''^ '^""'P «^ ^und ? 6. ko .or. in ilif:^;:; ^j;;:z:i^-' '- '- dig the coal and break it ? ^ ^^"^^^"^ ^^^ men oaves niKl s. ; for largo 'liole and 1^ fishard work in n in the !. Tlierc coal and jood deal e pit by I in the li of the pt there e green I what was change was ack Siinip of trees to be IS can men THE FLY. 180 Lesson XXV. THE PLY. 1. Here is one ofour friends that we know so well, the common house-fly. 2. The fly is an insect. Its body is d ed into three parts; and it has three pairs of legs. Upon its heau are two large eyes, each of which is made up of about two thousand small eyes. When we look through a glass that makes things look large, we can see and count these little eyes of the fly. 3. Its feet are made in such a way that they will stick anywhere it places them, so that it can crawl up the walls of houses, or on the ceiling, with its back down. 4. The fly's wings are light and thin, and made up of fine network. It has no jaws or teeth ; and, instead of lips, it has a tube, or trunkj through which it sucks up its food, as we can suck milk through a straw. 5. When a fly lights on a lump of sugar, it puts out its trunk, and lets fall a drop of fluid, which is clear like water. This moist- ens thft su£*"ar nwd fhon the flv sur>lj^s i^. in> 6. The fly keeps himself very clean. II IMAGE EVALUATION TEST TARGET (MT-3) k A J't time a ^iiich does ize. ard, and t eat any- its hard nd-by the rown f]y ^0 wings, This fiy i putrid it, eat it tors and the fly? 3. between the roeter. TEA. 187 Lesson XXVI. TEA. ch5p|D-')s^d, V. t; ot; minced into svuill pieces, •eot-'tiagfe^, n., a hut; a small house. fat^l-'ty, ndj., havim/ faults ; defective. ijatii-'er, v. t,, to collect ; to pick up ; to aur^emile. pa\m (pam), w., the inner part of the hand, pSp-'^er, ?!., a plant,pungcnt seed or spice. rai^§fe!,d, V. L, lifted up ; erected. sprouts, n., shoois of plant ; germs. StlV'V^i^iy V. t., agitated; moved. strai,n-'ing, v., making violent efforts, "worth (wtirth), n., the value of anything ; price, 1. Tea is the leaf of a plant which grows in China and Japan. If you were in China, you would see the sides of some of the hills covered to the tops with the tea-shrubs, growing, not in large fields, but in small garden-plots. 2. Each of these plots is some cottager's tea garden. What he does not use ha sells to buy food and clothing for his family. 3. The tea-plant is raised, from seeds. The sprouts have to be tended and weeded for three years, and then the planters gather their first crops of leaves. They are pluck° ed three times every year. L After the leaves are carefully picked t i'j J «i '88 ELEMENTARY EEADEE. from the shrub, they are dried in iron pans ver a Are. While drying they are stirred they a,e taKcn out and spread upon a table palms of their hands to press all the j.v^ce they can out oi them. '' 6. After the leaves have been rolled, thev are put „>to the pan again over the S last til i; ,''^'" '° ''"'■' ^'"^ *"->^'. -d a w, 'I ^°"' '■'' '"'' '"'' "'em in this country J hen dr^d, the faulty leaves are picked -J-.";?:fire^:e7a:x-r ^vhose son was a sailor. His ship TS with China, and he brought back some tea as a present to his old mother. 8 Of course she was pleased to get it an,= mvited her frieuds to come and tie the wonderful stuff. She boiled the tea an, after straining off the water, whLhse'ihrel away, chopped up the tea-leaves, and mixed them with Deniwr ...if .,,..j i , . "'""xea ± -ij-^'j ---ait, aiiu uutter. SUGAE. 189 n iron pans are stirred :iA to crack pon a table, them in the 1 the juice foiled, they !• the fire, ist, and at is country, ire picked l>e passed ' dear, and d woman ip traded some tea, :et it, and taste the tea, and he threw id mixed 9. Her friends were greatly sin'[)rise(l that rich peopl© should spend their money on such bitter " green." Questions. — 1. What is tea, and where does it grow ? 2. If you were in China, what might you see? 3. What is done with the leaves? after they are picked ? 4. Tell me all you know an :! the way that tea-leaves are made into tea as we see it in our count n ; 5. Who can tell the story pbout the woinon and her present of tea? Lesson XXVIL SUGAR. mot^ld§, n., models, Khapcs. syr'-up, n., a vegetable juice boiled with sugar. ma'pli^, adj., relating to the maple-tree. In'-di^S, n., a jroup of iHlanda in the Atlantic Ocean. mo-las'-i^es, «., a syrup which drains from sugar sug'-ar, n., a sweet substance obtained from the juice of the sugar-cane. 1. Sugar is made from a tall plant, called the sugar-cane, which grows in the West Indies and in other hot countries. The canes are planted in rows, like, beans in a garden. It is really a grass, though it does not look much like grass. A field of canes when in blossom, presents a beautiful sight. The stem when ripe presents a bright golden hue, and the flowers appear like a plume of white feathers tinged with lilac. 2. When ripe for use, the canes are cut m^ 1i If' itil 1!! "«» ELEMENTARY REaDEE Off near the roots. Tliov aro th^ between hc.vy iron roZ^Z^Z"'^' IS squeezed out and runs intoa t,l •"'"'" to receive it. The iuioo 7.1 ^"'''^'''""' "oiler with so,ne .. - i L ^f ':' '"'° " -to large tubs to'ZnW^^^^^^^^^^ ;-no,asses;wh,trerinsl'thrbir''' moist brown sugar. '^^ " *; Loaf-sugar, whicli is white inrt i.„ .j ■ made fron, l,,ow„ .uJC^f,.^"""^''' cleansing it. While u i so ut i,"^ '"^ nwuWs. It is sometimes e'^i, J', '■"" "'*" sold in this form Ti , ° '""'!« »"'' -hocuIti^ttThelS'ri'^if^'"'^"'' ««< impoits it T,, "^'^' ''^nes. Thomerch- into wE, tar l;jr^'^''"----t^ i* « small quanllies""'^""'^'"'-^*-'^^' 5. Sugar is also obtained from beet-root ^ricl m some n^rfc r.f ^i • "««t-ioot, deal is mal ash! , T""^''-^ =* ^''eat is maae, as has been a readv oniw *• thesapofatreeealledthesuitraple '■' Questions.— 1. What IS ««gar? 2. How is it made ? 3. What -^^en pressed ^ii the jiii(.(, »t> prepared put into {I 'c oiij pjirt^ kimjiiod o/i: gi^ed fjIJ it f^s it is put drains out e tub is u LOVE OF GOD. 191 id hard, is 'iJing and I'un into wuips and he ])e]'son he merch- ^nverts it retails it )eet-root, a great ^id, from aple. >? 3. What are the uses of sugar ? 4. Ofwaacis candy made? 5. is candy al- ways healthy ? Lksson XXVIIL LOVE OF PRAYER. pr^y'er, a piilioa; an entreaty. in'tep val§ tivics between acts, or ereiUs. ex'er-cl§^, cmplojjvu-nt ,- jmrctiee du'ty, whatever one ours. hS^v-^n, the principal abodtfof God. fri,Snd'ship, intimacy in the hiffheil degree. prim'i-tl V^, first ; oriyinal. pow'er-ru\,cfiieaciou::; forceful. prTn'ci-pal, chief; capital. pub'li-e, connivin; (jcncral; not private. €ar^'ful. hccilftd; diliij. , t. Pi k il 193 ELEMENTARY EEADEE. to j.ray in my name. 1 am i„ the midst of tl cm ; am also, " whatsoever they shall ask, It shall be done to the,n by my Father who IS in Heaven." 2 The pum,: prayers which they were most careful to attend, were those of the morning and evening. Tlioy were exhorted to consecrate thus the beginning and end of the day, and not to allow tlieir worldly con- cerns to interfere or prevent it. Those who could not attend the public assemblies of the faithful, were always careful to pray at home at the ai)i)ointed times. 3. Besides the morning and evening, they had other stated times also in which thev assembled to pray. Many even rose in the night to occupy themselves in this holy ex- ercise. They were taught to profit ofthe in- tervals of sleep, by reciting the Lord's Pray- ■J, or some verses of the Psalms. Every morning, they repeated the Apostles' Creed which they were careful to say also on all occasions of danger. 4. To renew their sense of the presence of (lod, tuey all had recourse to short prayers LOVE OF PRAYER. 193 he midst of • they shall ^ my Father '■ they were ;hose of the 3re exhorted : and end of v'orldly con- Those who iblies of the fay at home ening, they ^hich they • ose in the s holy ex- t of the in- ord's Pray- is. Every les' Creed, ilso on all >resence of 't prayers suited to each action. All their labors, the sowing time, the reaping, and the harvest, were begun and ended with prayer. They prayed, when they began to build a house, or went to reside in it; when they made a new garment, or began to wear it. Their usual modes of salutation were not only ex- pressions of friendship, but forms of prayer. 5. For their lesser actions, they made use of the sign of the cross, as a kind of short l)lessing. They marked their foreheads with it on almost every occasion. When they entered their houses, or were going out, walking, sitting, rising, going to rest, eating or drinking, or whatever else they did, they never failed to nuxke use of this holv smn. 6. What a striking exami)le does this con- duct of the first Christians present to us ! Were it more closely followed, there would not be so much sin in the world. Praver and the remembrance of God's presence are two most powerful means of enabling us to persevere in virtue. Questions.— I. Which was the most striking virtue among thft primitive Christians ? 2. What were their public prayers ? And to what were they exhorted ? 3. Had they any other stated times for hi A. ill mi'" 19-t ELl'3rFrAKV KKADKi;. prayer besides tho morning and <.vening ■ 4. To what luul lli.v ro- C01U.H ,n oner to renew (lieir sense of the presence of (fciy -, \vi,at Hi'lthey make use of for their lesser actions? G. Name two moe powerlul means to euaLle us to persevere in virtue Lksson XXIX. MORNING HYMN. Briglitly shines the iiioi-ning star • Prjiy tliut GodHisgi-ace may give, That from sin and danger fill'/ We the coming djiy may live. That tlie tongue by Him withliehl, May from sounds of strife refrain. That tlie eye from roving qnell'd, Seek not sights corrupt or vain; That when He the day sliall close, And the i)eaceful niglit shall bring, We, triumphant o'er our foes, May our hymn of glory sing! EVENING HYMN. Ere the waning light decay, Grod of all ! to Thee Ave pray, Thee thy healthful grace to send, Thee to guard us and defend!* COFFEE. 195 I wlial had llipv rc- M.fG.xir !■). What . Name two moei J stjir ; ii:iy give, live. hheld, rolVjiiri. ell'd, • vain; close, all bring, >» r, md, id! G-uard from dreams that ma> allVioht Guard from terroivs of the niglit, Guai'd from foes, without, within, Outward danger, inward sin. Mindful of our only stay, Duly thus to Thee we ])iay, Duly thus to Thee w^e raise Trophies of our grateful praise. Lesson XXX. COFFEE. A-r^-'hi-a, n., n country in Asia. hSr'-X\e§, »., fruit containhuj weds. Brazil', n., a large counirii in South America, ehgr-'t;Xe§, n., smnll stoned fruit. €ms-'ter, n., ammbcroffloiccrs growinff together; ntmnrh of /towers. ■eof-'f^ee, n., a berry, and the drink made from it. glos-'i^y, adj., smooth and shining. J a-' va ( J a-' va ) , «., rt large Ea.-rX. 190 these people ilurin,^ our i irom tlieir ],onie a great distance, pigeons will liy straight back. ^ ° ' a Before Ave hadi'ailroads and lele^rraplis people would take i,igeons awav fronl home' and send them back with a letter tied undcu- then- wings. These were called carrier- pigeons. 10. The doves in each home are very fond of each other. Wa can hear the father dove softly coomg to his mate at nlmost any time when they are about. 11. One day a farmer shot a male dove and tied the body to a stake to scare awav other birds. Ris mate was in great distressl bhe hrst tried to call him awav, and then she brouglit him food. Wiien ^he saw he did not eat, lier cries were i)itiable. 12. She would not leave the body but day after day she continued to walk ^'iboiit the stake, until she had worn a beaten track around it. The farmer's wife took ])itv on her, ?nd took away the dead bird, and^hea she went back to the dove-cot. VIRGIX :\rOTHER. 200 Qucs/hns.—]. or what are doves tho oml.loni ? 2. Wliaf, did our Lord say in the Gospel about doves ? 3. What do you km-w of the dove of the Ark? 4. What are doves? 5. Whore do they live? 6. What do v.ii know eoucerning carrier-pigeons? 7. xVre they employed lo-da^ uii carriers ? When ? Why ? Vir L'lll Lesson XX XA^. VIRGIN MOTHER. Mother, ineek and iiiilrl. Take, oh, take me for thy cliild ! All my life, oh, let it be My l)est joy to tliiiik of tliee. When my eyes are closed in sleep Tlion my sonl do guide and keep ; And my last thonght, oh, make it be llow to love thy Son and thee! Teach me when the snnbeams bright Light the hills and chase tlie night, How to wake with Avish to be True to God and true to thee. Lady, teach me tliroudi the dav Ott to raise my heart and say, y irg in Motlier, meek and mild. G uard, oh. iruard tl ly own dear child ! Tho Thus, sweet Mother, day and night u wdlt guard my steps aright; li in m 4\ 206 ELEMEXTARY READER. And my soul will, when I die, Jiive with God and tlioo on high. Ques/iom.-l. What must be our lu.st jov m lil.. ? 2 What doos .nk,„g about the most biessed Vu.g.n ,uean7 Ho. will t^fnl 4. Hou do sunbeams chase the night? 5. When we w^ke wl..', must be ,n our nund 7 What must we do when we awake'^ r, dear child ,. Wah whom will our souls live on high? Whatdoes on high" mean? 8. How can you visit Jesus goin. from e coming to school? 9. Tell me some miracles Jesus' perford pease Mary 10. What teira, 'e did Jesus perform with wine jj m(/hi before his death? Lesson XXXVI . A PLEASANT SUNDAY EVENING'S SEARCH. " Well, James,"said a kind-voiced mother, ''you promised to tell Agnes all about the Catechism you heard this afternoon at school. Miiy I ask you to fullil your promise now ? Supper is over, and the weather is too cool for out-door walking. " " I shall be happy mother to grant youi- wish," answered James, -for I consider Agnes' happiness my Joy." I shall begin immediately." " Agnes, if my memory does not fail me," continued James, -you told me that you A PLEASANT SUNDAY EVExNING'S SEAKCir. 207 could never fiiKl out when the angels were crcjitod. Our teacher ^^'a,s unable to tell nie. He gave me to infer tliat St. Augustine could only olTer an opinion upon tin; subject." '' Is it then so dilticult a (juestion ? " asked Agnes. "Well, let me come back to St. Augustine," continued James. '' He thouglit the angels were created at the moment God separated the light from darkness. But that is of little conseciuence. We are certain that there are angels, and that is the chief point." " Are you quite certain, dear brother? rejoined Agnes. " I am very certain." said James. ''For there are many things we have never seen, and yet we are assured of their existence. You certainly believe in the tempter, do you not V " " Why, certainly, she does," chimed in the proud motliei-. " Well, then, mother, we are told in the Scriptures tliat angels ai)peared at diffei-ent times to some favored souls. Xow, let me ask you, .Vgnes, liow could they have appeared had they not been created?" >? 208 ELI- u Janios has MENTAKY liEADKK. iven the Bible as a book of matter." With the help of mother and Jnmes. Ao-ncs soon found the history of Adam and Kveuli., were kei)t out of Paradise by an angel with a flaming sword. "Ah, yes, I see now," answeied Agnes " What a sorrow was theirs! " '' Yes, " chimed in Fathei- Kennedy, who dropped in just then, seeing his voung'theo- logians with the big book before '^theiii. "They felt very sorry, indeed, but were con- soled when told that a S{>viour would come to redeem them." " So you told us last Sunday, Father," said James eagerly. - Then you spoke about the angels of Bethlehem "— " Who sang glory be to God in the hea- vens," said Agnes. ' To God in the highest," rejoined Jamos. ' ^"ever mind," said kind hearted Father Kennedy. -Go on with the angels : t/ifj/ Qiever crffirise. A PLKASANT srxNJ)AV EVENING'S SEARCH. 209 " Well, {\wAv, was an aiiG^el in tlio desert wlien oiii' Lord was temi)ted," proceeded tlu; fatiier. "Oh! did vou licar fatlier saviii"; the devil uas an angel ? " exehiimed James. "Ofcoinse tlie devil is an angel," said Agnes, glad to tri}) up her brother, " hut he is a bad one." " I say yet that there were angels with our Lord aftei' iiis forty days' fast," insisted James. " So do I say so," retorted Agnes, ''but while one bad angel only tempted our Lord, many good angels canie to minister unto him." " Very well, indeed," said the good priest. "But let us hasten on to some other points about the angels. Master James, it is your turn, but merely give the place and person in each case." "Well, let me think ; there was Abraham and the three angels" — " Who went to Sodom," whispered Agnes, who at a sign from mother, was silenced at once. "And the angels who beat that man who I '11 I m ELKMEM^RY KKADER. wanU'fl t( Steal monoy fiom tN<* toiiiplo, anre, ice, once. by? 2. Whfit loos the Imtter- Who has said virtues should renicmber any t is prudence ? . Wliat is the i? |0' MOTHER, WHAT IS DEATH! 213 They say that he again will rise, More beautiful than now ; That God will bless him iu the skies — Mother, tell me how . " " Daughter, do you remember, dear. The cold, dark thing you brought, And laid upon the casement here,— A withered Avorm, you thought ? 1 told you that Almighty pow'r Could break that wither' d shell, And show you, in a future hour, Something would please you well. Look at the chrysalis, my love, — An empty shell it lies ; Now raise your wond'ring glance abuve, To where yuu insect flies ! " " 0, yes, mamma ! how very gay Its wings of starry gold ! And see ! it lightly flies away Beyond my gentle hold. mother, now I know full well, If God that worm can change, And draw it from this broken cell On golden wings to range. — 214 ELEMENTARY READER. How beautiful will brother be, When God shall give him wings, Above this dying world to flee, And live with heavenly things." Life is real ! Life is earnest ; And the grave is not its goal ; •' Dust thou art, to dust returnest," Was not spoken of the soul. Art is long, and time is fleeting ; And our hearts, though stout and brave, Still, like muffled drums, are beating Funeral marches to the grave. Trust no Future, howe'er pleasant : Let the dead Past bury its dead ; Act— act in the living present, — Heart within, and God overhead I Lives of great men all remind us We can make our lives sublime, And, departing, leave behind us Footprints on the sands of Time.-^ THE BOTANY LESSON. 216 en In' va-lTd, ■cro-wn, ■ca'-lyx, eol'-or^d, pro-vTd^, bot'-a-ny, stTp'-Cil^s, re-pe^t'-ed, prom'-Ts^d. THE BOTANY LESSON. Two little girls are sitting by the window, bending over some flowers. The one with the pale face and sad eyes is little Alma. She sits all day by the window^ for she is a cripple and an invalid. The one with the rosy face and merry eyes is Eva, her sister. Their kind parents and friends provide Alma with nmny pleasures ; but still she is often lonely' and sad. Eva tries to share with her all her own pleasures. 2t6 ELEMENTARY READER. Eva likes to go to school, and she tells Alma every day what slie does there, and what she learns. To-day slie had a lesson on a plant, and now she is telling Alma about it. " Alma, the stem of the leaf has another name. It is called the petiole." " But see, Eva : here are two babv-leaves at the end of ihi^-^pet-i-ok-A^ that right ? " " Yes, dear. I am glad you showed uje these. These small leaves are called stipules. And oh, Alma, I learned something so pretty about the flower to-day! The beautiful colored part of the flower is called the corolla. Corolla means crown ; that is, the flower is 'the crown of the plant. Is not that beautiful ? '' Now, look under the corolla, and see if you can find something else which I can name for you. " "Here Eva, are some little things outside of the corolla ; they are green, but they do not look like leaves." " You are right, dear Alma ; they are not leaves. See—I will pull the corolla out. THE BOTaKYLESSOIS. 217 N"ow, when I hold up this little green part, what does it look like ? " "I think it looks like a cup, Eva." " That is just what it is. It is the cup to hold the flower, the flower-cup. Its name is calyx. Calyx is a word that means cup." " See here, Eva : in this flower are some small, yellow things that shake about. What are they called ? " But Eva could not remember. She prom- ised to ask her teacher the next day, and tell Alma. Now the botany lesson was over. Eva put the rest of the flowers, with some fresh water, into Alma's vase, and went out to play. Alma leaned back her head, and shut her eyes. Then softly she repeated to herself; "Corolla, that means crown; calyx means cup : a flower has a cup and a crown. " Quesiions.~l. What is the pctiolo? 2. What are stipules? 3 Whao IS the corolla? 4. What does corolla mean? Calyx? 5' What IS the Calyx ? G. What then has a flower? 7 Whv are flowers oonsiderea «o W.antiful? 8. Have flowers any language? 9 What flower ,s <,ho emblem of purity, of humanity, of [meekness? 10. Do you know what St. Theresa said of flowers ? II 218 ELEMENTARY iJEADER. Lesson XL. THE CHOICE OF TRADES. plot^Ql^, Shoe, car-p^n-ter, an-vil, pUeh, shot^-mak-er, b6x-e§, stUch-e?. When I'm a iiian — a man I'll be a farmer, if I can ; I'll plongh the gi'ound and the seed Pll sow ; I'll reap the grain, and the grass 111 mow ;' I'll bind the sheaves, and I'll rake the hay, And pitch it np in the moAv away, When Fm a man. When I'm a man, I'll be a carpenter, if I can ; I'll plane like this, and I'll hammer so, And this is the way my saw shall go. I'll make bird-honses and boxes and boats, And a ship that shall race every vessel that When I'm a man. [floats. When I'm a man A blacksmith I'll be, if I can ; Clang, clang, clang, shall my anvil ring ; And this is the way the blows I'll swing. I'll shoe your horse, sir, neat and tight ; Then I'll trot down the lane, to see if t'is When I'm a man. [right THE CHOICE OF TRADE. 219 When Fin a man, A mason I'll be, if I can ; ril lay a brick this wav, and lav one that: Ihen take my trowel and smooth them Hat. Great chimneys I'll make: 1 tliink Til be able To build one as liigli as the great church When I'm a man. [steeple. When I'm a man, ril be a shoemaker, if T can ; rU sit on a bench, with my last lield so And in and out shall mv needle o-o. I'll sew so sti-ong that my work shall wear, Till nothing is left but my stitches there, When I'm a man. When I m a man, A printer I'll be, if I can ; [through; I'll make pretty books, with pictures all And papers I'll i)rint, and send them to you. I'll have the lirst reading— oh, won't it be fun To read all the stories before they are done, When I'm a man ! When w^e are men We hope we shall do great things ; and then, Whatever we do, this tiling we'll say. We'll do our work in the very best way. 220 ELEMENTAEY KEADER And you shall see, if you know us then. We'll be good and honest and useful men, When we ai'e men. Questions-\. What will the farmer do? 2. Show mo How th, carpenter will plane the wood? 3. Why will the blacksmith iu.l the horse down the lane, after shoeing the amimil '^ 4. Make a papo,' trowel. 0. How does the .slioemaker promise to sew the -shors ' 6. W ho printed this l,ook ? Did ho bind it ? II |3f' _. Hi I Lesson XLI. THE RIVER. a-shor^', gur'-gl^, sa\l'-or§, far-ther, jacl^-'ets, an'-s-'i^erg, trgt^'-§er§, clain'-ber, ble&ch, un-furl', Do^y-'^ry, flCit'-ter-ing, flsh'-er-man. 1. High up in the mountain are small Aakes, and fi-om them run streams whicli tinite and form the river. The waters of the river foam and gurgle as they rush over the rocks and hasten down to tlie valley. 2. On the way a little brook comes to join the river, and asks, " Will you take me wilii you, brother ? " And the river savs, "Come, flow here by my side." And the waters of the river and the waters of the brook flow gently and peacefully togethei-, between the flowery banks. THE EIVEPtS. 221 Cit'-ter-ing, 5h'-ep-man. 3. Tli(> -ri'iit I'ivor-llshcs swim ih(i[) in tliese waters, but the little lisiiespljiyoii the siirtaee. Tlieii cdiiic tlie iisliennen in tlieir boats, and tlii'ow out nets, and catch theuUl fisli and the vouno: ones. The voung ones they put back again into the water, and leave them there until they are okler ; but the ohl ones they take home, and sell in the .markets, or have them cooked for dinner. ooo W^ ELEMENTAIIY liKADKK. I'' I 4. Xow tlio rivor comers to tlio city with tall spires, jiiid beautiful houses, and very iiiauy people. Here the people have buift a bridge over him, and jkiss baek and forth on it, and he must flow quietly under it. 5. After this he comes to beautiful fields and green meadows, and he looks on them, and would like to wnnder ovei- them. 6. The snow nielts, and the rain pours down from the clouds, and tlie wjiters ofthe river rise until they stream over the levees which were built to keep them back. They cover the fields and the meadows, until tU, whole i)lain looks like a sea. 7. But this does not lust long. The river flows back to its bed, and agtiin runs quietly between its l)anks, farther and farther on. 8. Kow the river comes to the ships, with their masts, and with their many colored flags fluttering in the wind, and with their white sails, which blow about like linen at the bleach. 9. In the ships are men with turned-up trousers and colored jackets ; they clamber on the ropes and unfurl the sails. They are sailors. THE KIVER. 223 10. The sailors look into the mirror-like waters, and greet the rivei- kindly, and ask, " Will you take us to the sea V " The river answers, '' Yes, eoine with uie ; I will take each and all of vou." 11. And the river carries them, and the wind drives tlieui day and night ; and soon they are near the end. They see before them a great water, larger than twenty rivers. As far as nuin can see is water. This is the sea. The sea comes toward the river with great waves rusliing and roariiig, so that tlie river is afraid. 12. But he says: ''Here, I bring to you the little brook that washed to travel with me, and the sliip that I have carried far. You take tlem now, dear Sea. 1 am tiredj and would rest." Questions.— I. What aio rivers ? How are they formed? 2. What is to be fuiind in rivers? 3. Do rivers cume near cities? 4. Do they ever overflow tlieir banks? 5. Can you mention any floods thus caused? 6. Wiiat is the real cause? 7. Wliat have you to say of sailors and rivers? 8. Did you liear of th<^ beautiful poem called "The Brook"? 9. Mention some large rivers of Canada? Of the United States ? ifS And novor mind tlie rest. UTIES. rinti-r's frost: to pain ; g-time comes rannili again. 3sing8 true; )ut tries Leiieath the skies. e can do, ;t; ifullv, rest.