\\ '-^ ■ ' •• 
 
 .41 
 
 CIHM 
 Midrofiche 
 
 * 
 
 (Monographs) 
 
 /■■■ 
 
 ICMH 
 Gollection de 
 
 (monographies). 
 
 ■ , t . ■ ■ 
 
 *-« .. *. a 
 
 ■■ I 
 
 
 --'\t> 
 
 ?. 
 
 ¥ 
 
 ^ -^ 
 
 Canadian Inatituta for Historical IWIicroroproductions / institut Canadian da microraproductions hiswriquas 
 
 , I 
 
iquM 
 
 t , 
 
 Ttchiiiul and Bibliographic Notai / Notat tachniquM «t bibliographiquM 
 
 Tht Institute has attamptM to obtain the bait original 
 copy available for filming. Features of this copy whifeh 
 may be iMbliographically unique, which may alter aity 
 of the imnges in the reproduction, or which may 
 signif ici^ntly change thf usual method of fidning. are 
 checked below. 
 
 QColctiired covers/ 
 Couverture de couleur 
 
 a 
 
 □ 
 
 □ 
 
 li. 
 
 Covers damaged/ 
 Couverture endbmmagie 
 
 Covers restored an^/or laminated/ 
 Couverture restaurie et/ou pelliculte 
 
 Cover title missing/ 
 
 Le titre de couverture manque . 
 
 Coloured' ntapt/ 
 
 Cartes gtegraiphiques en cpuleur 
 
 Coloured mk (i.e. other than Mue or black)/ 
 Encre de coiileur (i.e. autre que bleue ou noire) 
 
 ColouriBd platps and/or illustrations/ 
 Planches et/ou illustrations eh couleur ■ 
 
 Bound with other rtiaterial/ ^ 
 
 Relie avec d'autres documents ; 
 
 Tight bindii!ig may cause shadows or distortion 
 along interior margin/ -C 
 
 La reliure ferrte peut causer de I'ombre ou de la 
 distorsion le long de la mai'ile intikieiire > 
 
 Blank leaves added during restoration may appear 
 within the text, Whentfver possible, these have 
 been omitted from filming/ 
 1 1 se peut que certaines pages blanches '■. ajouties 
 lors djune restauration apparaissent dans le texte. 
 mais. lorsque cela itait pqssible. ces pages n'ont ■ 
 pasetefilmtes. * V 
 
 m 
 
 L'Institut a microfilm* Je meilleur exemplaire qu'il 
 lui a 4t# possible' de se procurer. Les details de cet 
 exemplaire qui sont peut-4tre uniques du point de vue 
 bibliographique, qui peuyent modifier une image 
 reprodiiite. ou qui peuvent exiger tirie modification 
 dans la mithode normale de filmage sont indiqii^s 
 :^ ei-dkssout.^' - *\.' • 
 
 ^i» ■■ ■ . ■ ■ "; _ ■ 
 
 .'■■,■ ■^' ■ . »■""■" 
 
 □ Coloured pages/ / ^ 
 PatfHde. couleur 
 
 0Page^ damaged/ 
 PigiK 
 
 Pagis endommagAes . 
 
 * ■ 
 
 □ Pages restored and/or laminated/ u . 
 Pages restaurtes et/ou pdlicul4e» 
 
 E Pages discolou/ed. staiiied or foxed/ 
 Pagss dteolories, tachetto ott piquAes 
 
 ■ - ■ ■' ' ■ " ■ _ »/ .*■',■■■■ 
 
 □ P^ detachedA / 7 
 Pages d«tach4es * 
 
 Pi") Showthrough/ 
 
 L J Transparence "^ 
 
 ia 
 
 Quality of print varies/ . 
 QuaJite inligale de I'impression 
 
 □ Coiitinuout pagination/ 
 Pagination continue 
 
 □ Incfudes index (es)/ 
 Comprend uh (des) index 
 
 Title on header taken from:/ 
 '^ titre de I'en-tAte provient: 
 
 □ title page of issue/ 
 Page de titre de. la livraison 
 
 ■ . . ■• ' 
 
 □ Caption of issue/ — - 
 
 Titre de depart de la livraison. 
 
 v.. 
 
 D 
 
 MasthMd/ 
 
 Generique (piriodiques) de la livraison 
 
 Additional comments:/ . 
 Comrhentaires stipplementaires: 
 
 Copy has manuscript annotations. 
 
 This item is filiiQed at the reduction ratio checked below/ 
 
 ■ 
 
 . 
 
 Vox 
 
 
 ■ t.C>K 
 
 iiiine 
 
 ■ U Ml 
 
 14X 
 
 m oe 
 
 reauc 
 
 [ion ir 
 
 iqiqui 
 
 18X 
 
 >ci-oe 
 
 ssous 
 
 
 22X 
 
 
 
 
 -46X- 
 
 
 
 
 -3&X- 
 
 
 ■.,'.. * 
 
 1 
 
 '. .,-■.'';." 
 
 
 
 
 « 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 y^ 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 12X 
 
 
 
 • 
 
 16X 
 
 '- -^ 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 20X 
 
 % 
 
 i:- * 
 
 
 24X 
 
 > 
 
 
 * \. 
 
 28X 
 
 
 
 
 32X . 
 
\ 
 
 Tb« copy filmed h«r« hu b«tn r«produc«<i thanks 
 to th^ ganarositv of: 
 
 ArchivM of Ontario 
 
 Toronto - : : ; , . 
 
 Tho imogoa appoaring hara ara tha baat^ualhy 
 poaMbia conaidaring tha condition and togiWiity 
 of tha original copy and in Icaaping with tha 
 filming contract apacifloationa. 
 
 Original copiaa in printad papar eovara aria fllmad 
 baginning with tha front eovar and.andlng on 
 tha liat paga with a printad or iHuatratad impraa* 
 •kfn. or Aia bacic covar whan appropriate. All 
 othar original copiaa ara fllmad baginning on tha 
 first paga with a printad or iHuatratad iftip^«t- 
 sion. and^ fnding on tha laat paga with a printad 
 Or IHuatratad impraaaion. : 
 
 Tha laat racordad frama on aaeh ihicrofieha 
 shaU contain tha symbol —i»>( moaning 'XON- 
 TINUED"). or tha symbol V (moaning "END"), 
 whichavar appliaa. 
 
 . • ■ '■*. ■ ■■.' . . '' ' 
 
 Mapa, plataa, chair^. ate,, may ba fHmad at 
 diffarant raduction ratioa. Thoaa too iarga to ba 
 antiraly included in ona axpoaura ara fllmad 
 baginning )n tha upparlaft hand comar. laft to 
 right and top to bottom, aa many framaa aa 
 raquirad. Tha f oHowing diagrama illuatrata tha 
 ~-ithod: ■ 
 
 L'axampiaira film* f ut raproduH grtca A (a 
 g4n4roaiti da: 
 
 Archives of Ontario 
 Toronto 
 
 Laa imagaa suh/antaa ont:4t* raproduitaa avae la 
 plua grand adin. compta tanu da la condition at 
 da la nattat* da I'axamplaira filmA, at w 
 conformitA ayac laa cpnditlona du contrat da 
 Mmaga. 
 
 J 
 
 Laa axamplabwa originaux dont la couvartura mn/' 
 papiar aat ImprimAa sont fHmte an comman^nt 
 par la pramlar plat at an tbrminant soit par la 
 dami^ra paga qui comporta una amprainta 
 dimpraaaion ou dliluatration. soit par la second 
 plat, salon la caa. Toua lea autras axemplaires 
 origineux sont fllmis en cdmmenpant par Ja 
 premMre page qui comporte une ampreinte 
 dimpraaaion ou dllluatration at an terminent par 
 la damiAre page qui cOmporte une telle 
 . empreinte. ' 
 
 Un dee symbolee sutvents appareltra sur la 
 demi<lre image do cheque microfiche, seion le 
 caa: la symbola ^«» siignifia "A SUIVRE", le 
 •ymbotle ▼ signifie "ftN". */ 
 
 Lee eartae, planchaa. tabieeux, etc., jieuvent itre 
 filmAe A dee taux do rMuetion diffirenta. 
 Loraqua la docurtiant eet trap: grend pour Atre 
 reproduit eh un seul Ollch*. 11 est fhm* A partir 
 da I'aifgia supArieur gauche, do gauche A droite. 
 et do haut en baa. 90 prenent le (lombre 
 d'tmegoe nAceaaaire. Lee diagrammes suivama . 
 illuatrant (a mAthode. 
 
 
 .>"■ ■■"■'' , . ■„ 
 
 -.•■■:n;-^'-- 
 
 ^■:-'2 ■ 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 .'. ' "■-.".*»..■ ■'■_ ■■ ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ■'■■'■■ i*'- 
 
 :^^;. 
 
 '^-■'■e-M 
 
 '■ *■ . '.-■-■ 
 
 
 ■■•-^■•■■"<'V^ ■■•■:- 
 
 ■;. ■■^.■■•...;- 
 
 : :-'', . ,; V ':■■; ■■■•',\-,'.:\ /■■■';■ ': :' ■ 
 
 
 . ■*. 
 
 
 V . . '' 
 
 ; '■ • ': ■' ■■ ■ ■ *■ '^ ' ' ' •' .. '■' ..• ' 
 
MlCROCOrV RiSOUITION tiST CHART 
 
 . (ANSI and ISO T6ST CHART No. 2) v . 
 
 1.25 i 1.4 
 
 I 
 
 1.6 
 
 ■t:^:^ • 
 
 > I • 
 
 oir ..-■ 
 
 VIPPLIED ItVMGE Inc 
 
 16S3 East Main Street 
 
 Rochester, New York 1 4609 ' USA 
 
 (716) *82 -, 0300 - Phone 
 
 (716) 28S- 5989 -Fox 
 
/If': i * 
 
 • V- :r 
 
 CfPiir :^ 
 
 (y*/^. X/^^r y^^ 
 
 CLcc; 91B5 
 
.'■ ■%• 
 
 [& 
 
 
 
 
 
 *v 
 
 >^, 
 
 ::S: 
 
 \, 
 
 . \ ■ 
 
 
 ■ ■ ■■" I. 
 
 " V thv 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 . r 
 
 
 ■ \ .-. 
 
 
 
 ■ :>■.;..:;;; ■■■"" ■'' ; ■ '; : • 
 
 .'•■■ ■ 
 
 . ' >. ; 
 
 '■ V ' ' 
 
 
 
 ' s" ' 
 
 f- - 
 
 
 V... - ■ ■ 
 
 . t.r' i 
 
 
 
 ■ . ' ■ ' 
 
 
 ■a; .:: 
 
 
 *• 
 
 . "".' " 
 
 
 ,V 1, ; 
 
 
 •, jiid 
 
 
 ^. --. ..^.-■-■ 
 
 
 -.■=^-- ■: 
 
 ,• ., . - ^'. 
 
 ■■ ^^ . . ■ - 
 
 . ^•. ■ — - 
 
 
 
 .-,,.. . ^ * . . 
 
 r r 
 
 ■ . . ' '■ ■■ ■ ■■ ■. ■ •' ' ■ 
 
 
 « '.■ ■ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 > 
 
 Cou 
 
 '■ ■ ' ' ■■' - • "' ■ .'; .• ■. 
 
 
 ; ", 'Bkt.: ■.■ 
 
 
 
 .'■ ' ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 „.,^;;i„_„^ 
 
 ■ ■■ ■ ■.^rf^-r'^ 
 
 ":\ :> ■ ^"' 
 
 
 
 ft 
 
 
 
 
 i,:.^iyt^^^^^H-.. 
 
 
/ ■ ■ 
 
 A 
 
 THE OFFICE OF COUNTY JUDGE IN ONTARIO. 
 
 V 
 
 \ 
 
 -I 
 If 
 ■\ . 
 
 The blJii-u of C'KUiity .Jml^e in O'ntBi'iuiH. uiie pitotiliar tti thiH Province, 
 lintl of gicat iinjM'T'tanco, uluther in rc'gfird bo tho oxtontled an 
 •Vttiie<l r;iii;<»i of Miibjoct, t»r tli« large ixiwurs >{ivc!H to in; nxtTciHcil by t\\v 
 ■liul^e, for tliu MioHk part iH n .smitinary mtlilmer, iinti witiiout a|>pc-al^ Tht' 
 liutiert of tilt) (^Hiiil JuiiL;') ill U|»|i4'r ('aniula, at firttt tiontiiie'l to a siii^U^ 
 court of civil, .uul very liiuit«'il juriMdintioii. ha\'i; l>o«iinratluallv fxtciidtttl 
 by Lfjy^iHlatiye t'lViutuit'iits, so that tin- (,'oiinty .liulm' of tho pri'Hent day 
 OresideH over si-vvu distitift tiibmiuld in hi« jndit ial distrirt. Autl not only 
 ' this, but tht/oHic'.lWbwn overlaid by umltitudinou^ dutien of diviTBt' 
 liindH. iiiiposci by vannim Statutes of Upper C/'anada, tho Province of Ca- 
 nada, the I'roviueo of Ontario ainl the Dominion of Canada ; and tluvbnHi 
 neds projier of tht- arurt, Vvhic-Ji ins j^iveii the name to the oHioe, ti«0t^)n 
 stitiiteM only an item in the .•ii;i,'re;.;ate duties of the jndtfe,* 
 
 j.ueal ('iitirts iveie treated in I pper I'iyiada .sliortly after file eonijiieat. 
 
 Tlifei'" origin may iiedated li.iek as fai ;e» I7'>7. . in November, ITl'l, Upper 
 
 ''anaila Was sepaVated from i.owui < !j,inada, and l>ei>an ti» Joj/islate for itself. 
 
 . in I7i)4 additional eonrts were oryunizod ui Upper (Canada, jiiid placed uii- 
 
 a better looting, l>ut tiic jurisdiction I'f the ( *oiii)ty t'ourts, formerly called 
 
 'District » 'ourtn, \va:J at lii«t [luroly local, anil tht.'ir [(roees.s had iio etlect 
 
 Iteyoiid the local limits. Now eait;i,tifislii;d ill every judicial diHti'ict in the 
 
 I'rovinee, their proctss, mesn«' und tinal, diititeil to .slieritrH an • coroiiers, 
 
 s^^im to every |mKi. <>! thi! K'i'^iji'inn', and tinur priictice ii aMMiniiJuted to that 
 
 orthe Superioi Couris at J'oninT*. and within their '/.yuje of jurisdiction, 
 
 their powers are ai-.iiost iilenlual ; the dilUrciicc lytween thein and the 
 
 ; Superior (.'ourt.^ beiii^i a limit bi the mattt-j;', 'of jurisflietion, aiid a reduced 
 
 Heale of fees ootlicers of the court. Their .steath^growth from the p^ridd 
 
 of their institution jiiay Ik; easily traced in thf stitntcsalb-etiug them 
 
 So alto < Viurts iif <Miieral Quarter Sjissions took their place in the early 
 
 •judicial eitablishiiient of l'ppt'('('anada, at lirst conducted entirely bv 
 
 D To rjhosv at a fflanceffad it >Ver«-, thenuinUei' ol the niullifariousj duties im- 
 Ijoseduponllif t;ounl> Judges by >5tJitutean appendix is added ('•A."! Kiving the 
 chapters 4ind sc< tions of the sevi-rul Ji<"ts now in force imposing duties on the 
 County Judge. /. ■ 
 

 Jutticea ot the Peocn. When the Judge of the Dtatrict Court wm re<|uire(l 
 to ht) a Kttrriater, tlic coiiduut of buHiiiuHii wai hoinlutl ovur to hiih by the 
 LegUlaturo, hu huiiii^ muilc ittuntltng uhairinaii, ex ojfficio, of the Oourt of 
 Quarter HuHHioiiH. ThuHu c-ourtH iienrly ruaeiuMed ouur,ta of Quarter Hea- 
 aiona in Kiiglaiul, but while tliu juriadiutinu of tlie KiiKliah courtH hiiH been 
 gradually reduced and reHtruined, the jurisdiction of the (ienural Seaaiona 
 of the I'eace in Ontario hurt been enlarged, or at lo'tat reuognizod aa em* 
 bracing nearly the whole range of otfoncua puniuhuble by indicttnent ; and 
 to it belongs a general juriadiution in appeal frum nmgtatruteH' courta in re- 
 apect to all convictions for offences in the nature of criinua. Under the 38 
 Vic., Cap.- 8, Ont., the county judge is now practicolly the sole judge of the 
 court, for it is provided tliat the judge ahtne shall cojiatitnte a court or ait- 
 tingti of the General Sessions of the Feucet 
 
 (*■• 
 
 "A Criminal Court has recently been established in every County in 
 Ontario — The County Judge's Criminal Court— and of this the judge is 
 sole judge. It is atribunal invested with new and most important powers, 
 via!,: Without a jury, to hear and detennine, with some few exceptions, 
 all indictable offenceH — felonies and misdenteunors— known to the law, save 
 offences punishable with death, but with a right of election t<> prisoners to 
 be ti'ied by a jury, if they so tleaire. A very large number of Criminal 
 caves are disposed of yearly in these Courts, » thus greatly reducing the 
 work of the higher Criminal Courta as well as the cost of the administro- 
 tiou of justice, and moreover saving time and money to both Grand and 
 Petit Jurors as well as to litigants having business at these Courts 
 
 As the County Judge's CrioHnal Court is constantly in seaaion and in- 
 deed has poiver to meet even while the grand jury are in session, the ac- 
 cused, if not guilty, is speedily released, if guilty, prompt punishment fol- 
 lows the crime. No snch Tribunals exist in the Maritime and distj^nt 
 Provinces ; and the jurisdiction in the Province of Quebec is not worked 
 out by Judg«'8 answering to the County Judges in Ontario in a Court con- 
 stituted by the Provincial Legislature for thje special purpose. 
 
 The Division Court system in Ontario answers to the English County 
 Courts. And we anticipated the English sysitem, for what the people of 
 England gaineain 1846 by the ♦' Act for the more easy recovery of small 
 debt8,"tl|eParliamentof,Upper Canada granted to the people of this 
 country by the " Division Courts Act " just five years before. The Coun> 
 
 •Itisbclisved that not less than 1000 Criminal cases for indictable oflcnces were 
 tried JMrithout a jury by the County Judges of Ontario during the eleven months 
 past of the present year, 1876— probably more than three times the number that 
 were tried at all the other Criminal Courts in the Province before a j ury. Se^ 
 appendixes.") 
 
» 
 
 u re<iuire(l 
 iih by the 
 e Court of 
 lartor H«a; 
 M haM been 
 al Hemiiona 
 ed aa em- 
 invnt ; aii<l 
 )urt8 in re- 
 Kk-r the 38 
 idge uf the 
 [)Utt or ait- 
 
 County in 
 1(9 judge ia 
 nt ppwera, 
 ixceptions, 
 3 law, aave 
 riaunera to 
 if Critninad 
 iUcing the 
 dminiBtra- 
 Clrand and 
 
 ion and ia - 
 in, the ac- 
 hmcnt fol- 
 id diati^it 
 bt worked 
 Court con- 
 
 sh County 
 B people of 
 y of small 
 )le of this 
 The Coun- 
 
 :ci\ce8 were 
 'en months 
 uinberthat 
 .jury. See! 
 
 ty Judgti, or Junior Judge, where there ia on«i ia aule Judge of theae opprta 
 (numbering aa many aa twelve in i^oine oountiea, with aittinga every two 
 mmitha, and in moat County Towna oftener), and decidta both th« 
 law and the faot<i, unluaa in uortnin cinaan either party d«aire a jury. The 
 deciaiim of th^ .fudge acting in thevo ('ourta ia final and without appeal. 
 
 The juriadiotion of thead courtH, at Hrat confined both aa to range of 
 aubjuot and amount, hoa, by progrennive action of the Legislature, bean 
 more than doubled in amount, and iiuafly ((uadrupled in roHpeot to the . 
 whole inureaae of actions that may be brought in them. And by recent 
 Legislation, it may be mentioned, tho jtiriadictinn of theae courts ia extend- 
 ed to actiona to recover any balance not exoeeiling 9100 of an unsettled ac- 
 count where such unsettled accounts does not exceed 8400. Moreover theae 
 courts pan now issue commissions for the examination of witiieaaea out of 
 reach of the process uf the cimrts-^tlieir procedure in this particular being 
 analagoua that of the Superior Court. 
 
 Under the laws relating to Insolvency, aa now amended and im. 
 proved, the County Jmlge exercises most important powers in rela- 
 tion to adjudications of Insolvency, and tiie collection and diatribu- 
 tion of the eatates of Insolvent traders. Much larger powers than 
 heretofore are conferred on hiin|and he.>{a now obliged to adjudicate 
 in matters, where formerly «Hp"' in Chancery was necessary. He 
 orders the issue of writs of attoSlmtent, and sets them aside when im- 
 properly issued. Sots aside or annuls demands to assign. Determines all 
 disputes respecting the Insolvents estate and as to how creditors shall 
 rank, and all differences between the Assignee and the creditors. He has 
 to try, in a summary way, all contestations by the Inspector or the Assignee 
 of claims objected to,no matter how large quch claims may be. He hears 
 all applications by tlie Assignee for the delivery to hitn of propeity belong- 
 ing to the Insolvent in the hands of third parties. The Insolvent is not 
 now discharged, unless by special order of the Judge, not even where he 
 obtains a deed of composition anddischarge from his creditors, norbycOu. 
 sent. An Assignee is now obliged to obtain his discharge from the J'udgd 
 before he can be released from his office. The Insolvent, his wife, and any, 
 other person^ must now submit to be examined on oath if an order for that 
 purpose be obtained from the Judge. In all; these matters the Judge is^ 
 constantly called upon to settle questions involving nice points of law, in- 
 tricate questions c«f fact and complicated accounts, charges of fraud and 
 fraudulent preferences, generally on petition, which, as well as any answer 
 -' tberetp, are usually drawn in an inforuial manner, no fear of demurrer 
 troubling the pleader. It will thus readily be seen that upon a due dis- 
 
eh«ivu (It tli."4.j ilutiuit ai'iniuU", la •» K'tJat MXteiit, tlm ii>iiiiii»»roiiil ilmrul 
 ity, fiii.l. ««»iw»3«|Uititly. tho t!oir»n»«'rci(»l |m»perity of tlu> «uiiintry 
 
 *v • • • 
 
 lit i»till unwtlinr tribumvl tUi.' CouMty Jmlgti in liolo jn.life, vi;,. : tliw M«r 
 ri»Kat»> CourtH. Thusu imih»«wii iiii uxcliwivo jmiu-liotii'ii in relfilinii to mi»t 
 t«;rH an.l cuuxf^ tt KtftiiMiiitttry, volniitary, »utl coiiU'iitioUs, ami iii rulatioii to 
 the KUiiitiiiKt ami ruvokiun «f ^.lobfttoii o( w IIIm tind Ivttt id of iMliaiiiiHtratinii 
 of till- ellfcts of ilcffiVHwl ptTrntiiM, •iMijilai! to tl|«) I'lolMituOoint .u I'linlftiiil. 
 Thu i-ikjlit of uppoiiilinjy; KU(irili.iu» of iiifimtH |o taku Oir«! of tli.'ir p«r«oiiH. . 
 aii»l.!liart<« of lliinr v-ttEtuMjwloiij^AaUt to tliO Surrojjatu C'oiiitM. < -, 
 
 Tlu" VotiTM Lint t'ourt 'i« iiii'ttliur .vou^t »!Ht,il>IiHhe<l riMHiitly. Tlu- 
 law rr.ivi<k» for lu)l<liiiK. yeuily, a H.|vitat«> court for latfk Miunioii>;tl|ty 
 from MliitI) tlur«' in an ujipmil ; for tliv c<»rr<H'tioMH of orn.ri* ami- omw- 
 ■ionM in till! i>riiitf<i votvi*' lint jtrtiinir.'d by tlio local naliciTN, ho tiiat a fuU, .. 
 comi>lutcanil reli khlo voto.rH' lint of all jici'sous ontitlfil to tin' francliiHi- 
 »uay ijc cfrtillc'il iiutl lUpit^titi'il witii 'lif (imiicr otlioiTH, to bo ii.-io<l at clue 
 tiuuH. Tbo l.'oiuity .ImlKf a|<;ioiiitH ami linliln tli««t! coitrlrt, i\\.n cliMc'.iurg 
 ing .lutioH Whicli in Kuxlaml an- puffarii|ii-tl l>y ati otileor npj»oiututl spi'ci. 
 ally ami liolclV (or th« |iurpoiie, tb»'j Kovminj; l5uniMt».'r, .k well paid 
 otljrtr. Tin- County .Iui1|<i''h .lutie». uiulcr thiH l)ram:li of b'* ;iiri«<liotion, 
 arc of paramount jjiiblic iiupttrtam-i-. \')\er^ (lucntion allcctin;; ibc Fran 
 v;lu«t' m;iy b«! an.l in fonbtiotly.niiM'tl ami tried in tU«'s«! i'.Vurt«, iruny oi 
 theW raqiiiriHg tiif doeinion of intricate qiiubtiourt of fact and iii'-': points 
 of law. Matters in tijeHccourtH arc, m* » ru(lf, fontfbt witli mon; tban 
 ordinary vi^or by tlic icveral politioiil parties, or„ by individual MMU:itint::<,. 
 and in addition to tbe ordinary judii-ial work at IIumc courts it ii, njadc 
 the duly of the .fudge to report to the I'rovibclal Secretaiy peiHous wliom 
 he han reasion to belioye have ewntraV^U'd the law l>y inakin;,' «>r accepting 
 colorable tr.inHfer* of property in order to cohfer votes, »«■».><«( um who 
 have wilfully and iiapropivrlv ineerteil or ohnnitteil name«, or inaerteil tic 
 titlous names on ihc A.sseHrtnient Uoll - and alno to report if be llmU that 
 fraudH in reapeetto the AsisoBHUient or \otcrH',Iii«t have |jrev lil.il .xtenMivelv 
 in the municipaitty. The Dominion h.is not; pro\ idfd a s^paratt m ichimrj 
 for ascertaining iml dttterininih),' for official use the persons entitled to tin- 
 Franchise in Outiirio. Tlic votms' bsts piv[»Hred, published ami tested, and 
 certitleil by local mu:tici[ial otheers and by |the County Judge, serve alike 
 iu electious for the llousoof Oomniou» of Oauada and for the Provincial 
 LegiBlaturV, the voters' list for each milnicipality being the tst of right 
 ■ to vote at the polls. It is ludievefi that nei other Province in the Domin- 
 ion has established and maturtd the same Complete syateni for securing u- 
 Teliablft„ registration of Voter? under juijlicial direction aad inspection- 
 one reducing to a mirtimum the possibility of frauds i.i the Voters' Lists 
 
Thna in «cv«n irikt!Dct ennrt* the Connty Jndgk it ioIp Jndga, And is 
 each and uU of thv olitcr 't'riliunftU, Juriidiotinn^ loth in rcpfct to Yftlu* 
 ond «ii))J«ct matter, hn* liDcn (/raiiiuilly niul ■teatlily on tho incrcM« from. 
 tho time of thoir rniititatiiin up ta thi! |irMt«nt - and every iir»)«inn' <>( tho 
 Dominion I'arliurnt'nt and of tlio L.)>;jl Legislaturtt provridc* nUditioual 
 work for tho local jn»lgf«. 
 
 But, an already mentioned, the diittct of the County Judge in Ontario 
 art' not eonfinKl to hill c'vuiti. lio ii thu "Juduial, or lathir Jurirpru* 
 dentiai, servant of all work/' a immt ronyvnient functionnry on whcin to 
 inipoKc liuties ri4uirin(; Uiuiwhdge, ini] urtioiity nmt diicrciit^n for their 
 duo diKelia''gr; tind for local udniiitiNtrution tlia eouiily Jiidgen n'ro oouvehi- 
 cntly resident all over tho I'rovincc. Tiie Counfv Judge up{ oiiit d t'> olTioo, 
 in ad<litiiin to tiiu duticn then aHsiijued to him by law, no doubt tacitly an 
 (lertakex to perform to thu Ust < f lii^ ability any duties of a judicial idiaracter 
 which the LeKiHluturo mny from time to tim*,! impaHvnpon him ; but there 
 i| certainly no undertaking, if there Im; a liuLilifcy, to -perform bua'UtM of a 
 nonjudicial character. Tlui grtat ncciin.ulation »f diitijs t.ut»id^ th^ 
 ocurtii, hoajioil u(>ou Cpuiity Judges byatntute, in no doubt a hi^h Legit- 
 lativi ttstiiuony on their behalf—aH imjdjing thiit tlicir woik hail L^cn, 
 ' and coiiiidonce that it would be, well nnd t'.itihfiu torily iloiic -but the fact* 
 that »:xtra work done t)y them costs ncdhini? to the country, inoy net have 
 bt en M itiiout its weight. However that may \m:, for inaiiy yearH no sjHsion 
 paeses without Bcn:o in v/ and addilionnl work being ;;lvtji by N^tute to 
 County Judges, wilhoul any provision for increased paymopt. 
 
 It is rint easy to cbir'slfy the raultitudu.oUH dutien mudr incident to tho 
 olFiefc of Coutty Jiitl|^'r, bet a brief nfireiice, under gerietal luado, may ba 
 made, iuilientiiig to Konio extijqt, thtir nuinbtr, character aud importance. 
 
 AtJXILlAttV .JIUISUICTION. 
 
 A large share of uhc duties made incitluiit to the office comes under tho 
 head of Auxiliary Jurisdii tion— a juiibdictiou in aid^f the Superior Conrta 
 at Toronto. Under thia the Coi;nty Judge may bo called upon to hold or 
 conclude the "Assize" busintts- to try a traverse of iiifiiiieition iulunacy^ 
 — certain issues from the coijrts of Common Law, as well as from the 
 Court of Chancery, and also to mike usaessments «if daniagea And he 
 may now be calle^l upon to hobl 'sittinga of the Court of Chancery as h'; ^;^ 
 was formerly liable t^> hold the Court of- AssiziJ aiid Nisi Prius, and. nUd 
 to hold the County , and Division Courts in other counties and in the un- 
 organized trapta. jVIsj to tike evidence in a t;'ial upon a (Ijutroverted 
 Election for the Dominion— and he may be a commissioner for further en- 
 
 . \ 
 
 :\ 
 
K 
 
 I' 
 
 r 
 
 I 
 
 fi> 
 
 ouiry into corrflpt pf«:tioe. .t .nob election. Witn.«e, ,n Superior Court 
 •uits may. in certain case,, be examined befr.Ve him. a, may .al.o judg. 
 ment debtors as to their del.fc., Ac. -and he is empo«rered to deal with 
 parties in garnishee procee-lings. The County Judges being moreover the . 
 •bfcndipg referee, of the Superior Courts in mitters of account. 
 
 Tb3 County Jud je heirs and de?ides on applications in many matters of 
 the cogni^nce of the Suparjor Curts. viz: : Fororders f or the issue of certam 
 writs, and in suits pemling in these ourts may order the inspection ol 
 documents, may make order, in respect to security for costs, allowance of , 
 bail for particulars of de.nanl or set off. payment of money into court, the 
 dervery and taxation of attorneys' bills. &c. In quo w.nunlo cases, under 
 35 Vict cap. 33. the evidence upon bribery charged may be tiken before ^ 
 him and in other questions under the same Act, he may be called upon to 
 takether/nw^Mtestimonyof resident witnesaas. and 80 on application to 
 . quash a by-law on the ground.of bribery. &c.; and where the writ in • 
 contested municipal election is re.urnable before a judge of the Superior 
 Conrts. he may order the evidence to be taken before the County Judge. 
 ::-■■'■■ . :■ , • , ,■ ; ' " - " t ■ " 
 
 CONCUIIBBKT JCBISDliCTION. 
 
 In order that the expens3 of the Administration of Justice may be as 
 speedy and as inexpensive as possible to parties, and in order to meet cases 
 where delay in obtaining process or judicial interposition would defeat the 
 le'al remedy, numerous provisions have been made by the Legislature to 
 enable parties to apply in their own localities instead of making a^pplica- 
 tion to the courts at Toronto from every part of the Province^the local 
 judges are here again used. . 
 
 ^ Under the head of the County Judge's Concurrent Juiisdiction may 
 be put - the powers to hear and make orders as to the issue of writs of 
 ca^a^ writs of attachment against ab3(«onding debtors. -writs of feple- 
 . vin frim either of the Superior Courts of Common Law-as to the delivery 
 tod taxation of bills of costs and reitraining suits thereon, &c. AUoto 
 „ant Rules and Or-iers on applications by Sheriffs for paym3nt^y Attor- 
 neys of th-ir fees.' They may enquiio also a& to the wrongful holding <^ 
 ' wKts. book and papers entrusted to a sheriff, deputy or other officer, and 
 jorilerthemtpbegivenup. : ll ' ./' 
 
 t The County Judge has also cognizance of offences against^he^oreign 
 Eili&tmentActi- Under the Extradition Act he may issue a warrant for 
 the'apprehension of any persou chaig^d. and dispose of qu es ti ons r ai sed. 
 Uiider the Act reipecting the prompt-4fid summary adminurtration iA 
 
 \ 
 
rlor Court 
 ^al«o judg' 
 deal with 
 reover tbe 
 
 matters oC 
 e of certain 
 ipection of 
 lowance of 
 I court, the 
 asea. under 
 iken before 
 led upon to 
 plication to 
 r writ in a 
 le Superior 
 ty Judge. 
 
 criminal justice, he ia empowered, if the party consents, to dispose sum* 
 marily of certain uffehoea. And nltd^r the Act ^respecting th* trial. and 
 punishment of juvenile offenders, he is authorized to a6t with all the pow- 
 ; era of two justices for conviction, tic. For convenience* ant} avoidance of 
 expense he has anthoritv, too, re^pe^^ting bailing parties finally committed 
 for trial by justices of thepoacu in all criminal cases, short of c:»pital of- 
 fencea, upon application to him; beinir authorized to make the aame order 
 touching the priaoner's being bailed or continued in custody aa if brought 
 up on a HiiieaB (7<trpu3. . . , 
 
 Cou|ity Judges have concurrent jur^^tion with the judges of, the 
 Superior Courts in the trial of contested municipal elections. And in,, 
 'taking evidence and examination of witness^'^s on the trial of election pe. 
 titious for the Legislative Asaembly, Tq hear vidence on application for 
 Incorporation by Benevolent and other Societies. To determine compen- 
 sation for lands when required for public works. To uraut orders for pos- 
 session of Indian Lands after revocation or caucellatioa of sale or lease 
 ^' 'thereof, fto. ' '. ' .' 
 
 ■ SPBCIAL AND PKriTLTAR JPBlSDICTIdW. .^ 
 
 .^: 
 
 i may be as 
 } meet cases 
 1 defeat the 
 jgislature to 
 mg applica- 
 e -rthe loc^ 
 
 diction may 
 of writs of 
 :it9 of f?ple- ■ 
 the delivery 
 &c. Alaotb 
 nt by Attor^ 
 il holding of 
 r officer, and 
 
 t^.he Foreign 
 n warrant for 
 itiona raised, 
 inistration of. 
 
 The most extensive head of the Coulity Judge's duties outside the 
 business proper of his courts is the original. Special and Peculiar Jurisdic- 
 tion conferred by numeroiis Acts. This branch would admit of several sub- 
 divisions, but some indication of its range and importance is all that it is 
 designed to give in this paper, so that a brief reference will suffice. 
 
 Under the jury law the County Jitdge has Iniportant duties in receiv- 
 ing and examining jurors' books, selecting juiors to serve for each year, 
 seeing that proper lists are made out and transcribed into jury books, and 
 examining aal certifying the list^ prepared from thu selection made for use 
 during the year. 
 
 Under a recent Act of Ontario very complete provision is made for 
 thie preparation, publication and testing of the list of names of persons Sp- 
 pearing by the Assessment Rolls to be entitled to vote for members to 
 serve in the Legislature, in order to secure a complete and reliable Voters' 
 List comprehending all entitled to the Franchise, vouched under a certifi- 
 cate, from the Gpunty Judge. The superintendence of the whole work is- 
 ~» cast upon him, the municipal clerks being placed in the same relation to 
 the judge as the Clerk of hij County Court; and in the performance of this 
 duty the Judge has to examine the list from every muiiicipality in his 
 Judicial District; see that it is in proper form,, obtain evidence that the er- 
 
 N 
 
 J. 
 
 ^- 
 
k 
 
 } 
 
 quircment. of the law have been complied witl,. and cer tfy l.stB m 
 liplieate where the p-ovisio.. of the.Statute have been earned out; «^ero 
 ll are altered upo. evideia-e taken, the detailed alteratu,ns... I adda^u^^^ 
 
 he »>ake. therein, on the f.ee of «.e list. A statement .a n^ade the..of a^ 
 b.th list and >taten4't ar.= certified in triplicate as well as anportfor A^ 
 se^sment ^vhen additional values have been placed on pr«p.rt.es The 
 duties under this br^M^eh of the Ju.lge's Jurisdielion inv.dv. c.mstunt and 
 watchful attention fur months, and. a heavy correspondence >.Uh mumct 
 pal clerks. ' ;>4'' 
 
 Under the school law he is specially' empowered to deal with the 
 wron.-fid detention of books, papers, chattels, or uioncys I elon«n.g to 
 Bch.u'il sections, with adequate powers to punish delinquents. He is re- 
 quired to act with nominees of the council to determine comj.laints as to 
 school sect ons, their formation," alteration, &c., and by laws and resolu- 
 tions respecting them. , . 
 
 He decides, as sole judge, all matters in difference between teachers 
 and trustees. He iiivesti-ates oomplaints respecting school tru; tee elec - 
 tious;. confirms. or sets aside and orders a new election, and has power to 
 deal with returning officers lit such elections acting partially, kc. , 
 
 Also to make orders for weekly allowance to be paid to a Schcol Cor- 
 poration for chdd detained In an industrial school, and to make cider for 
 costs to officers who prosecute such applications. 
 
 He may be called upon, upon petition, to exaSnine int6 the case of 
 
 U^i. Ot'f-, habltnallirankards with a view of thtir beinp; pl.iced under if ^itraint.alid 
 
 C. IZ. ;. /S"</ jyjjjj^^p. to approve the sale of drunkard's pviiperty for his inainteuafice, 
 
 \- ^ ^'^^^ ■ and if any doubt arise as to the right to such pn.ptify, to try such right 
 
 '^'^ '^ '^ cither with or without a jury as the parties require. : • 
 
 Under the License Act an mvosligat'ion may be had as to licenses 
 improperly obtained and into charges and complaints against license In- . 
 apectors, &;c.— both matters materially affecting the usefulness of the en- 
 ac^meat; and this: duty is assigned to the County Judge. 
 
 To him ahme is giv^ntho power to execute- conyeyang-s for laridB 
 taken for public w:ork8, and to issue warrants for possession .thereof. 
 After an election for the Legislative Assembly he may be called upon to 
 
 take the necessary steps for a re-counting under the Btdlot Ace 
 like after a vote has been taken on a municipal by-law. 
 
 and the 
 
 ■.V5- 
 
 /^, 
 
t 
 
 '> . 
 
 lists ia 
 t; where 
 uUlitiuns 
 reof, and 
 :t for As- 
 es. The 
 itunt and 
 1 inuuict 
 
 with the 
 jngiiig to 
 He is re- 
 in ts as to 
 id resola- 
 
 [1 teachers 
 i; tiie elec 
 power to 
 
 chcol Cor- 
 a ci'der for 
 
 the case of 
 traint, aiid 
 uiiteuaCice, 
 such right 
 
 to licenses 
 license In- 
 3 of the en- 
 
 3 for lands 
 ori thereof, 
 led upon to 
 ;t -and the 
 
 "fitr cases of m»IfeMapoo of oorpontte offican h* is nqoirtd to makm !&• 
 ▼eitigation a« occasion »ris(qs. ' • 
 
 * ■ ■ • ■ ■ ■ ■ .. , - ■ . " 
 
 The decisioii of disputes where wardens of ad joining conntles are un- 
 able to agree respecting the i94iotc nance of boundary Iines» belongs to him. 
 
 If toll roads are in his cdnnty, and it is alleged that they ate oat of re* 
 pair, he examines summarily into the matter, being invested with authority 
 to act, in correction of the default. 
 
 V ■■ ^'-\ ' . ■ ■'■',■' ■ '■. 
 
 .Where persons refuse to deliver up publiclands, on the application of , 
 the Commissioner of Crown Land*, the County J udge may order the issue 
 
 of process to give possession.^ i 
 
 .■■,/■ . ^\ 
 
 . Where lands are required for a telegraph line, &c., he also makes orders' 
 as to the delivery of possession of them, and may take cfVidenceas to, and 
 determine the value of such lands. 
 
 And also where Railway Companies require land, and the owner is 
 absent or unknown, the County Judge has important powenf as to the de> 
 termination of the value thereof and ordering possession either before or 
 after the value is determined. In such cases he has to tax the coste if the 
 parties cannot agr£e, and this involves a great deal of labor— the bills in 
 these cases being generally leugthy-aad covering varied services. 
 
 The County Judge has also power as to the conviction, fine and im* << 
 prisonment of persons improperly withholding sheriCTs'bookSi, &C. 
 
 For enforcement of award in cases of dispute betwes^n mastcn and . 
 woritmen. ■ ^ ■'>-;■.,.■■ ^■^;/ ■;■■.•'■■ ,;•;; ■-': ■■;;■•/ ^-* 
 
 . ^■ ';.■.'' ' :-- ■' ■ ^ ' .■''}"" 
 
 Uiider the Mechanics Lien Act the County Judge has power to deal 
 with all cases where the claim is for a)i amount withii^ the jurisdiction of the 
 County Conit. Proceedings may be taken before him in a snmmftry man* 
 n^r— by summons and order— he may take accounts and make requisite 
 enquiries, and in default of payment of the lien, may direct the sale of the 
 estate and interest charged with the lien, and to pass the estate or interest 
 ■o sold, a conveyance under his seal is necessary— he may tlso direct the 
 sale of machinery and a:utbori2e its removal, may restrain any attempt to 
 remove the property affected by the lien or the machinery therein. &e it 
 empowered to appoint an arbitrator in certain cases to determine the 
 amount of a sub-contractors claim — may grant a Certificate of the lien for 
 Registration to bind lands-<-and may vacnto same on certain conditions— ' 
 
 
m-' 
 
 t,'- 
 
 ■:/ .: '■■■■■' :' .10 ■;■,:: 
 
 ■■■■■." ' - ' ■ ^ ■ ' . • ■ ■ " 
 
 and hM all neoeMair powert Ineidont to the juriidiction confelrred 
 as to taking accounts, making enquiries and directiogr sales of th« Mt«t« 
 and interest charged with lien of mechanics. 
 
 In respect to adverse claims /or goods made upon carriers and other 
 baileeR.^herethe vilue does^t exceed »2{)0, lie is required to excrdsa 
 interpleader powers for thj-fdetermiuation. 
 
 Jn respect to alleged lunatics, the County Judge is required to eza 
 mine and pronounoe on theii^stirte of mind, to make order as to their main- 
 tenance, or dirkt an issue in respect thereto, to make enqoirie? as W their 
 Mtate, and wuiction the sale of it when niscessary. 
 
 A mo««t importint and onerous branch of his jurisdiction is in respect 
 of the partition and sale of real estate; and the duties of the County 
 Judge as "real representative" are frequeptiy of a very diifeult and 
 laborious character. •♦ 
 
 To save thcexpcnse of resorting to the Superior Courts, a jurisdiction 
 in ejectment was also given to the County Ju.lge. as between landlord and 
 tenaht-(it faUs under this head). Trials under the Overholding Tenants' 
 A«;t commonly involve as much time as the trial of an issue in ejeclment, 
 md the disposal of difficult questions of law And fact, y^y 
 
 Under 4 recent Act for tho improvement of water privileges, new iand 
 very larije powers are gnpnted to the County Judge, in the interests of 
 inatcrial progress, viz. : touching the entry upon adjoining Itods on appli. 
 cation of the owner of water privileges, and to enable their utilization. 
 Surveys and levels are to be made arid taken under his direction, plans are 
 prepared, and he n.akes orders respecting the n^iattev. 
 
 Incaseof default by the clerk or a municipality in performing any 
 of thi duties required to be performed by him respecting the Voters' List, 
 the Judge, on application made, is required to cause sucn Clerk and any 
 other person he sees fit to appcarJjefore him, produce all necessary docu- 
 ments and Eubmit to examination on oath, and is authorized to enquire 
 rommarily into the matter, and to make such order and give such diiec-, 
 tions at may be necessary to enforce the pefrforAance of the officer's duty. 
 
 It will be noticed that the subjects under kis head. Special and Pecu- 
 liar Jurisdiction, are in nearly every case give^ to the County Judge for 
 }i,i9^t^u ft.^ jn«^icati^>n ; it is not thought necCTsary to give a distinct head 
 to subjects falling within the exclusive jurisdiction of the local jud^e, • 
 .oitioal analysis of the several duties not being attempted. 
 
 •M 
 
 " J/,'-' 
 
11 
 
 ▲PriT.lATS JtrBIflOICTTIOir. 
 
 The appellate jariidiction of the Goanty Judge ie exercised partly 
 at tbe seisione, wid partly io chambert, accurding to the .matter and 
 nature of the appeaL n 
 
 At the General Seasioaa, with or without a jury, as the case may f- 
 qaire, he hears and determines all cases of appeal against summary oonvio* 
 tions by Justices of the Peace for offences in the nature of crimes. 
 
 In matters within tho authority of the Legislature of Ontario, an 
 appeal is given from summary convictions by Justices of (be Peace; in 
 such cases it is to the CouUty Judge sitt'ng in Ohambers, a^d he hai 
 authority to determine the charge or complaint on the merits, and affirm 
 ' on quash the conviction, as jnatice requires, with ample powers for amwud* 
 ment when necessary. 
 
 Under the Assessment law the action of the Assessors and of t0 
 Courts of Revision for each Municipality is subject to review on appeal to 
 the County Judge. His duties herein are most important, and his juris- 
 diction is exclusive and Snal— the particular points need not be menti'>ned 
 -r-snffice it to say, that the right of parties to be placed on the roU, tho 
 capacity in wbich they are to appear there, th« nature of the property 
 assessed, and the under or over assessment, speaking in general terms, are 
 all grounds of appeal 
 
 "-■' . " . > . '.■■'■■- 
 
 Upon such Appeals being made, the Judge is required to hold a Court 
 
 for each Municipality within his juriadiotion, to try ani determine such 
 
 appeals. Each Coirnty coatiins from ten to forty Municipalities. His 
 
 daisies herein are must important, tba Revised Assessment Boll being, the 
 
 .basis for all ley ies and Assessments for County, School,, and other pur- 
 
 poses, as well as the materialirom which the Voters' list is formed, and 
 
 the Judge's jurisdiction is exclusive and final for the purpose referred to. 
 
 Under the Assessment Law also, there is another appeal to the Connty 
 .Judge, and undoubtedly the most important one of all, namely, that 
 against the equalization made in the Assessment Rolls of the several 
 Municipalities intbeCounty. Upon these Rolls the County Council, ad elco* 
 tive body representing every part of a county^ and numbering sometimes 
 as many as forty Reeves and Deouty^ Reeves, make what the Legislatnro 
 designed should be a fair and just ec^alizttion ; but from local prejudices 
 or irregular considerations, equalizations ma<le were not always accepted 
 as just and fair towards certain municipalities, tmd the Legislatttre gavs 
 
12 
 
 them an appMtl to the local jndge, and intmatfd him with the oonreotion 
 of what might be foand nnjuat, coif erring upon him tha uorestrioted 
 power to eqaaliye the whole asaeuraent tf theoonntyi aa in hia opinidb 
 might be just. This haa bet*n found to h« a most delicate, aa Well aa it 
 distasteful and onrrous duty, involving very extended and intricate en- 
 quirtes. But it appears the Legislature could see no other way to give 
 cheap redress to munlcipalitiea aggrieved, and the local judge ia fomid a 
 convebient medium. ^ 
 
 Aj^peals are also given to the County Judge in respect to by-laws of a 
 monicipality for de<>pening streams, draining property, &o.; from aaaesa> 
 ments made upon real property br nefited by improv'ebaents proposed in i 
 municipality: from the decisioa of fence viewtfs on conflicts aa to- linir^ 
 fences and water courses; aud under tlie recent <lrainage Acta, ssveral 
 nutters are made subjects of appeal to him. 
 
 - . ' KINISTIBIAL DUnSa. 
 
 1^1 
 I 
 
 i 
 
 In cities, and in towns having a polio? magistrate, tho County Jndga 
 is constituted one of the Board of Police Commissioners, having the ap- 
 pointment and the dismissal of the men constituting the police force, the 
 fixingji^ the remuneration, the regulation of their duties, And the general 
 managementandsupt^rvisionof the whole force. This mixed duty may 
 be placed under this head71mt-ihe:^iere ministerial duties of the Judjje are 
 few -chiefly confined to the admiuistrationlif-oatha tpjofficers, taking bail 
 in civil cases, and in regard to books for registry offices. 
 
 POWBR or ATPOINTINO ARBITBATOKS. 
 
 The County Judge's duties as to the appointment of arbitrators ar«i| 
 found in varioua statutes relating to Railways, Joint Stock Company roads, 
 Toll roads. Municipalities, Drainage Works, respecting Traction Engines, 
 respecting Schoola^compensation for School sit^a— and under the provi- 
 sions of the Act providing for casea ^where the Qovarnor-in-Cduncil dis- 
 
 •olfM bartain companies. 
 
 . ■. • ■■..■»'■■'.'■.■ '.■ 
 
 ■ MISOULAKBOCS DUTXIB.. '//':, 
 
 The duties of k general character not appearing to fall aptly under any 
 of the foregoing beads, are found all over the statute book, and embrace a 
 Tariety of subjects, e. g., making orders allowing married women to con- 
 ▼ey their real estate when the husband does not join in the deed, the 
 
 examination and approral of tiie secuiities of aeveral officers connected 
 
 : .-. ; 'v.. .:■■.--,::. -^ .■^.' ■-- ■:... ■ :..■-' e-^^ 
 
 ■ ./ 
 
• / 
 
 19 
 
 oorreotion 
 ireatrioted 
 is opinidki 
 veil M It 
 ricat* en- 
 y to give 
 ialotuid A 
 
 -laws of • 
 im Mseu> 
 
 losed in i 
 IS to- lin*-^ 
 IS, ssTttral 
 
 ity Jadg« 
 ; the ap- 
 force, the, 
 lie general 
 luty may 
 Judge are 
 akiag bail 
 
 'ators ar<i| 
 iny roads, 
 Engines, 
 he provi- 
 iincil dis- 
 
 with the administration of justice, declaration of o1|lcors as 16 fees, the -.-^ 
 
 auditing acu'junts- oonnecteu with crimtnal justice; under the Registry //-^(t.^/^. 
 Ac t, ill respect to plans, compelling witnesses to provu deeds, and takiug/^" ^^*' i 
 proof where a witness, is de:ul or out of the Province; respecting the Wi' '''' ^ * t*^' 
 lor,c^moot9 of estreats, and respecting debtors in gaolj allowance for sup* ' •''' '> j 
 port of insane, binding minora and apprentices, aUeriug their wages, ... J t.l 
 emancipating them and cancelling their indentures, taking declarations by "' 
 
 Benevolent Societies and ei.dorsing certificate as to same; taking affidavits * 
 under the Medical Act, 
 
 No anilyais has been made of tho'dnties of the County Judge under 
 ' Mr. Attorney -General Mowat's very valuable Act, "The Adminiatration 
 of Justice Act of 1873," but it may be mentioned, mertly, that under 
 itenlatged Equity powers are granted to the Judges of the County (iourts, 
 an^ in certain cases a summary jurisdiction is given to them to enquire 
 into, and set aside conveyances of land fraudulently made by jad^^ment 
 dt.btors,-aud to order such land to bo sold to satisfy the executions 
 against it. 
 
 In the foregoing, no attempt is made to exhaust the subject under 
 each heail, nor is anything more designed than to present in brief outline, 
 the several >iuties of, and made incident to, the office of County Judge in 
 Ontario. . It is submitted that what is set down is sufficient to shew that 
 the County Judge occupies a very onerous position, one demanding 
 phyS'cal strength as .well as much mental activity, and that there 
 is no exaggeration in the stattmont that the County Judge is used 
 the^Legislature as a jurisprudential servant of all work, a most cpn- 
 venient^functionary on Vhom to impose duties requiring knowledge, im- 
 partiality, and discretion lortlie)f~dne-~difixJiarge in the locality. Ad- 
 ditional duties are every year imposed upon him, wKiIe~the^eonfidence^ 
 83 largely shown finds no expression in added remuneration for additional 
 work imposed on the local Judge in Ontario. • 
 
 Datjep, Barrie, Decomber, 1876 ,. , 
 
 indf r any 
 »mbrac« a 
 n to con- 
 leed, the 
 
 sonnected 
 
 .. ■ -• • •' 
 
 ■ .f 
 
 JR. GOWAN, 
 Chairman of the Board of County Jadgee. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 «K 
 
 ■^' 
 
 *> 
 
 SCHEDULE OF STATUTES AND PARTS OF STATUTES 
 
 IMPOSING DUTIES ON COUNTY JUDQKS 
 
 IN ONTARIO. 
 
 In the following List of Statutes ' 
 CONSOL. STAT. ir. C .. .. 
 
 CONSUL STAT. C 
 STAT. P. ;/. 
 
 B4)M1\ ION STAT 
 ONTsIRIO STAT., 
 
 Means, The Consolidatcdf Statutes for 
 Upper Canada. 
 
 Means, The Consolidated Statutes of 
 Canada. . 
 
 Means, Stntutes of the Province of 
 Canada^ passed after tlie con- 
 soliddtiou and before thu Fede- 
 ral Union of tho Provinces of 
 B. N. A. 
 
 .Means, The Statutes of"Canada." 
 
 Meana, Th* Statutes of the Province 
 of Ontario. 
 
 28 
 29 
 
s. 
 
 6 
 
 s.. 
 
 26 
 
 s. 
 
 41 
 
 s. 
 
 2 
 
 s. 
 
 4 
 
 ^ 
 
 Ckp, 106 . ....... 
 
 8. 
 
 8 
 
 " U7 
 
 
 
 / *' 121 
 
 
 
 " 122 . ... 
 
 s. 
 
 2 
 
 CONSGL. STAT. 
 
 c. 
 
 
 Cap. 68 ... ...... 
 
 s. 
 
 44 
 
 ' 
 
 8. 
 
 45 
 
 
 s. 
 
 19 
 
 C«^ 77.... ........ 
 
 d. 
 
 38 
 
 ^STAT. P. C. 
 
 
 
 23 VIcm Cap. 2 . . . 
 
 s. 
 
 ?1 
 
 •• 43 
 
 
 ■ ' 
 
 26 •• *• 2 
 
 
 
 26 '• •• 44 
 
 
 
 27-28 " "28, 
 
 s. 
 
 82 
 
 
 8. 
 
 60 
 
 28 •• •* 2 
 
 
 
 29 •• " 12 . . 
 
 . .S. 
 
 3 
 
 '• 36 ..... 
 
 S- 
 
 6 
 
 29 30 •• •• 13..... 
 
 . s. 
 
 11 
 
 DOMINION STAT 
 
 81 Vio , Cap. G .. . . . . 
 
 S. 
 
 90 
 
 
 s. 
 
 104 
 
 " 10.. 
 
 s. 
 
 .33 
 
 •• 66 
 
 
 ,♦ 
 
 ^^ -.69 
 
 s. 
 
 6 
 
 ••^4 
 
 
 
 82-33 Vic. •• 30 .... 
 
 s.; 
 
 u3 
 
 "32 
 
 
 
 " 38 
 
 
 
 .-: " u - 
 
 
 - 
 
 .S3 Vic, " 27 
 
 
 
 37 " " 10.... 
 
 s. 
 
 16 
 
 -88— ^-._JVJ6^ 
 
 
 
 35 " '* 10 
 
 — — - 
 
 -.-i-__ . 
 
 " 18 . 
 
 s. 
 
 25 
 
 
 s. 
 
 26 
 
 - 
 
 & 
 
 3ii 
 
 16 
 
 ONTARIO STAT. 
 
 31 Vic, Cap, 20 ...... 
 
 s 
 
 24 
 
 
 8. 
 
 42 
 
 • 
 
 B. 
 
 45 
 
 
 8. 
 
 77 
 
 . ■ , . 
 
 S. 
 
 79 
 
 "26 
 
 
 
 • ". 84 
 
 8. 
 
 10 
 
 
 a 
 
 14 
 
 32 Vie,, " 6 ... 
 
 . 8. 
 
 IS 
 
 
 s. 
 
 17 
 
 " 21... 
 
 a. 
 
 26 
 
 " 26 .... 
 
 . 8. 
 
 2 
 
 " 88 
 
 
 
 '■ 48. . . .' . 
 
 . S. 
 
 2 
 
 83 Vic, Cip. 8. 
 
 " 17 
 81 " " 12 
 
 18 
 
 " 80 
 
 86 Vic, Cap. 33 
 " 86 
 
 S. 13 
 
 ... S, 2 
 
 ':.. 8. 4 
 
 8. 6 
 
 8. 18 
 
 .. . S. 12 
 
 S, 17 
 
 .- 8. 19 
 
 .... S. 10 
 
 .. 3. 16 
 
 86 Vic, Cap. 2 
 
 " 16 
 "18.; 
 " 26.. 
 
 ; . •", ;81 . 
 
 .'■■''-■'■ y. '■ 
 
 / 
 
 ,; S. 
 
 ':■■ 3. 
 8. 
 
 ... : 8. 16 
 
 ^.. 8. 66 
 8. ,67 
 
 6. 
 
 6 
 
 14 
 
 8. 
 8. 
 
 •4|^ 8. 12" 
 
 ^^ 16 
 
 8. 16 
 
 8. 27 
 
 ■ I-' 
 
 
 38 .8. 12 
 
 a 21 
 
 -.h 
 
 M 
 
16 
 
 86 Vic, Cup. 38 
 
 . 8. 
 8. 
 
 88 
 39 
 
 
 
 
 S. 
 
 41 
 
 C*p. 
 
 40 
 
 
 
 
 «• 
 
 4S 
 
 ■.a. 131 to 133 
 
 II. a. 137 to 140 
 a.a. Ill tu 143 
 ■.a. 14i)tu ir>i 
 «.a. 'Jtj2 tu 2d3 
 
 -- 
 
 
 S. 
 S. 
 S. 
 S. 
 
 2ije 
 370 
 374 
 437 
 
 
 
 
 a. a. 447 to 403 
 
 87 Vic, Cap* ,7. 
 
 .. . S. 
 
 2ii 
 
 
 
 
 S. 
 
 28 
 
 , 
 
 
 
 s. 
 
 M 
 
 
 • ■ 
 
 
 a^a. 
 
 51, 
 
 66 
 
 ■"^ ■ ■ 
 
 
 8. 
 
 57 
 
 
 
 
 ••■. 
 
 74, 
 
 75 
 
 
 
 S. 
 
 7« 
 
 
 ■«' ; 
 
 
 a. 8. 
 
 85, 
 
 ^8 
 
 - <^«P' lO 
 
 . • . S. 
 
 10 
 
 .(!** 
 
 ■ -•» 
 
 19. 
 
 a.a. 
 
 ItitulS 
 
 •» 
 
 24 
 
 . S. 
 
 'a 
 
 
 HI 
 
 2^ 
 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 . 7 
 
 
 *• '■ 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 11 
 
 
 "Cop. 
 
 27 
 
 ...s. 
 
 K 
 
 
 »• 
 
 2d. 
 
 '■ s. 
 s, 
 s. 
 s. 
 
 38 
 ttl 
 83 
 87 
 94 
 
 
 ,-:-^-^<;--: 
 
 
 . s. ■■ 
 
 •■'S.' 
 
 131 : 
 
 183 
 
 
 37 Vic, Cap. 28 
 
 .. S. 130 
 B-K. 17l to 174 
 S, 164 
 
 
 S. 180 
 
 
 et a«^q. 
 
 Cap. 20.. 
 
 ■.a. Iti to 18 
 
 " 80.. 
 
 .. S. 29 
 
 " 32... 
 
 •.a. 87,38 
 8. 44 
 
 : /»_ 84^. 
 
 ..:S. :_2 J.l__ 
 
 38 Vic, Cap. n 
 
 OL8. 6to7 ■ 
 
 a ItJ 
 
 - # 
 
 •• 12 . 
 
 a. a. 5, 
 
 •• 19 . 
 
 -^fc«v-^T3>^(^6 
 
 Cop. 20 
 
 a. a. 24, 26 
 8. 27 
 
 Cap. 20 . 
 
 .. S. 4 
 S. 8 
 8. 14 
 
 •• 27 
 
 .. V'-,/: ■ 
 
 39 Vic, Cap. 7 . 
 
 af». P, 7 
 
 *' 10 • 
 
 ..8. 25 
 8. 33 
 
 " U 
 
 
 .. 14 
 
 
 "13 
 
 
 .'■■•• 17.'' 
 
 . 8.8. ' 3, 4 
 
 "/^8 . 
 
 .. 8. 8 
 
 i 
 
 ».»., 6. 7 
 
 Us 
 
 
 • a. "21 to 23 
 
 8. 25 
 
 m 
 
 ^^77" r 
 
130 
 
 17l to 174 
 164 
 IMS 
 •iq. 
 
 U to 18 
 
 29 
 
 ay, 38 
 
 44 
 2^ 
 
 6 to 7 
 Itf 
 
 - # 
 
 5, 
 
 24, 25 
 27 
 
 . •"% 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 14 
 
 . 25 
 • 33 
 
 ' 8, 4 
 
 8 
 6. 7 
 
 21 to 23 
 25 
 
 44 
 
 »f 
 
 *^ » 
 
 The ■t«tem«ut in note on p»ge 2, that no fewer than 1,000 -oMee have 
 been tried liuring the flrat eleven month* of the present year,. 1876, by 
 the County Judges of Ontario, is baaed on the following facta and figurea. 
 
 A Return to the Legislative Aaaombly of Ontario in reapeot to the 
 Work done under the Dominion Aot 32^33 Vic, Cap. 35— for the more 
 speedy trial of fulonies and misdemeanora— 'Shews that for the year 1871 
 the number of prisoners brought before the County Judgen under the 2nd 
 Section of the Act^ was 930, and that the number of prisoners consenting 
 to be tried by the County Judges without a jury was 740. 
 
 |rhe writer has obtained returns for the first eleven months of the 
 preslut year, 1876, from six counties, namely. Brant, Huron, Lanark, 
 Lennox and Addin^n, Prescott and Russell, and Simcoe, which, it is 
 believed, will give a fair average for comparison. ) 
 
 In these six Counties the number of prisunera brought before tlia 
 Judges udder the second section of the Act during those eleven months, 
 was 166— adding one-eleventh for the twelfth month, we shall have 170 (or 
 the whole year. Of these 166, 146 elected to be tried by the Judges with- 
 out a jury — making, by adding one-eleventh as before, a total of 168 for 
 the year of those so electing. - 
 
 In thwe six Connties, then, the total estimated number of prisoners 
 brought up for trial, during the present year, will be 170, as compared 
 with 119 for the year 1871. Taking the same proportion, it will be seen 
 that the total number for the whole Province for the present year will be 
 1,340, ad compared with 9,38 for the y^ar^l871. 
 
 Looking at the returns from the six Counties, it will be seen that out 
 of I7d, 168 elected to be tried without a jury. If we adopt this proportion, 
 ouKgf the 1,340 for the whole Province there would appear to be 1,244 
 who BcTfrteeted; but as it is believed that the same proportion does not pre- 
 ■i vail in cities, W e^^gerated estimate must be avoided. It may, however, 
 
 «%H| fairly be assumed that ndt'less 4)hau 1,100 prisoners elected to be tried by 
 ^ '^ Judge without jury, during the preseittt , year 1876, All these prisoners, 
 butfor the existence of the County Judges' Criminal Court, must h»T9 
 b«tn tried at the Courts of Oyer and TeruiiDerand Oeneral Sessions. . / 
 
 
\ 
 
■ . ♦■ \ 
 
 1 -i-r: ■■■ • , ;' ■ 
 
 
 : . '-' .'■'-:_ 
 
 ■ . i" .- ■■■ y: ■ 
 
 '■■.'". ■'."'""• ■ ■ ■• " 
 
 •■ *■■■'" ■;■ .■.*-■ y ■ : ,'■- ' " ' ' *; 
 
 '.. - . ■:■■-.', 
 
 
 .M^--'r- 
 
 ' ."-■ V "■■'■'■■; 
 
 
 r'-x' ':■%■'.'■'''': 
 
 ■■.■'■'■ ■'^'■' :■" y -■"■■•■ ^ ' ■ : 
 
 .;:;.-..:WV~ 
 
 
 
 '■ -■■jy ■. 
 
 
 ■ ■" /L". ': .'■■ ■ 
 
 ' . ■■ '■°' ''-■; ■ 
 
 
 . - ■ *«. . ■ 
 
 
 
 .-•;''-"i'^-' 
 
 • 
 
 ,"/■ ■• :'.■■'... 
 
 '■ . ■ *" 
 
 
 ■ ' . ^ . . 
 
 • ■ ■■. ■■ .. ■ : ■■ .' ■■ 
 
 > ;. 
 
 ^'■/■•■■: . 
 
 ♦ 
 
 / ■ . : • . ' _ 
 
 
 / ' '. • ■ 
 
 
 
 ■i ' 
 
 
 
 
 
 '•••^■■'^■^^■■■■::/^' 
 
 
 
 .': ^\/ 
 
 
 
 ' > 
 
 
 
 .•■ ■ ■ 
 
 
 ■'■ ' ■'* 
 
 1 -■ ' ■' ■ 
 
 
 ■".«' 
 
 ...'.'"■ • ■ -r 
 
 ■ ■ ■-.■.■ . ■' ■ ■■ • ; 
 
 
 
 ■.V 
 
 ;|r:-••;^^::•.v-■^^.^.--■•V;. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 .''■'. 
 
 .■■■:,: •;;;.■; ' ' \ ■'. 
 
 ■> " .-■.;' ■: 
 
 , ■ ■ ' 
 
 ■ **, .- • 
 
 - .■' '■'... ■. / 
 
 ■ '■-'. 
 
 : '. ■.■•■ ' -■'.'■ ■ 
 
 
 .. ' ' ' 
 
 ■, ■ ■ ■-.<.■■ 
 
 : ■ '1 . . ■' . • . ■ 
 
 ■ / ■ 
 
 
 ' . ■ ■ ' '• 
 
 -.■■ ■ •;■■ ■ ' •'".■■ 
 
 
 
 
 J •'■ ■ 
 
 '• ''. '■ ■ . '■ ■' • ■ 
 
 
 ... t'^*i ' . 
 
 f ■,■... 
 
 
 
 
 ■ '. -1 ' -■ ■ .■■■-. 
 
 
 
 ■ j^'^ ■-;■;■ •...■; 
 
 , 
 
 ■y 
 
 
 ' ' ' ' / - 
 
 ■ -' . ' ■ ' 
 
 v' ' ■ ... ■ :. .; ■ 
 
 ■ ■ . ■ ■• . V .■■.'■•' 
 
 ;■ V ■■,- '•'.■ 
 
 , ~ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ". ■ ■ ■'.■■■.*■■.■ 
 
 • . .- 
 
 • 
 
 ' ^^^^^H 
 
 
 ■^■■■1 
 
 
 
 ■j^HMHS 
 
 W-::-l'': 
 
 * ^ 
 
 
 ^^^^1 
 
 
 
 ^^^^P 
 
 r\:/uyyli^ 
 
 ;^ 
 
 
 
 HHHHH 
 
 
 
 ^^^^ 
 
 % '■. 
 
 
 
 
 '■.' ■' . ■■ J 
 
 
 
 ^^;;:;::':: 
 
 * ■'.''■ 
 
 ■ .J^^ 
 
 ^r'-^'' 
 
 ■ ■ \ ■■.■ 
 
 <; 
 
 ''>. ^^^^^H 
 
 ^^L-v".>.'- 
 
 
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^H 
 
 ^'---?''': 
 
 
 
 . -4- , 
 
 ^B^v; 
 
 - *' ■;■■-.■ 
 
 .. \ '^^^^^^^^^^^F 
 
 ^. -';:■■;■-...■; 
 
 ■■■ ■•■■ ■■■'"; 
 
 • 
 
 /■■ ■ ■ ... ■ 
 
 '.^^^^^^^^^k 
 
 
 ' '^^^^^^^^W ' 
 
 
 ■ - : ■■ .-' '' 
 
 
 \ ■. • ». 
 
 ^^V 
 
 * - .■ " " ■ - 
 
 
 • . ■ -; 
 
 
 * 
 
 ,",'■.■; V 
 
 '^^^^^^^^1 
 
 
 
 ■ ■■ ■.• 
 
 
 - 
 
 ■ • ■ * 
 
 ", ■ ■ -■■* ' - • 
 
 ^^^^^^' ' 
 
 
 
 • ' ; ' ■■ * 
 
 • 
 
 
 -'• . ■■. 
 
 
 ^^^^r 
 
 W^^ 
 
 .., . _..-,__^_ .. -._ 
 
 
 . ■„ 
 
 ■ '.■',''■ ' ■ "■ ■ .•■ 
 
 '. ^^^^^^^^^^^^pr 
 
 r- ■■/-^•' }- 
 
 
 
 
 "^^-^-i:':--'. 
 
 ' . . '. ":■■' ■ ■'■■'■■■■ y' ■ 
 
 ';:■-•'..•■■■:■.•.; ^(^Kr.-- 
 
 .'"■-..' .■■■■• 
 
 
 '" 
 
 ~ 
 
 
 ">:.::■■-•••: /^-:- 
 
 ' - ' "'■'' "■■ " ."^ . . ■■-..- ' 
 
 
 ^'. '". ' '■ . ■■ : ■ .'-■ • ". 
 
 
 ♦ ^^ 
 
 
 " ■- ~-=v ■. .' ■ ■ -■ 
 
 
 __ _^ ■ . ■ ■_ ■ - ■■■.'_ -.^ 
 
 .i ■ ' ■■ " ■ - ■ 
 
 . ■ ■ ' ■-..,. 
 
 
 ">■... -_ ■ ■ ■ 
 
 V - y - . 
 
 
 
 
 " . / . 
 
 
 . ^'-^ •-■ 
 
 .- ""•■■ ■ -/K-'y-..'- 
 
 ■ ■• ^ ' ' ■ . .. '.- 
 
 .''■'.'. ' ■ -'.' 
 
 
 -. • ;' ' 
 
 1 "^ 
 
 '. ' ■' ■ '\~^ ■■ ■ 
 
 '. '^' X. ■ -■". '■ ..■.."■ 
 
 ■'" " ■■ ■ ' 
 
 
 , ■ ■ . '■•. ■" ■ '-. .-. 
 
 ',.' '.' ';■'.- 
 
 ( -I 
 
 '^ -■.^— ^ 
 
 ■ •' ■/ ■:■ .' '"■ .-''■:''. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 ■■■.'■■ . ,■ . 
 
 
 
 
 . ■ , ■ ■ ■ ' * " ■ .' 
 
 
 Vv. 
 
 ■ .. '■ '. vO-r^-'-n-:" . ' <, '. -■ 
 
 ^■:- ■ ■ VV. ■-■. ■■■* ■■"■■ ■ "'; :.:^. / 
 
 
 ii 
 
 
 
 ' * * ^v 
 
 
 
 ■:'■;:,■ V; .; . ''v.- V.-'/ • 
 
 '.■':/■■', : ., .'/ ' 
 
 
 . - , \.' ■' -' ' . -.,'■. ■■• ■■■..■ 
 
 .'■■-■*'■ ■-"■ ,-■ ■-■ :■•■': " - ■'■ ■"./. 
 
 
 - 
 
 .■ '.'■ -' "■ ■'■■':■■ ' - ' ■ ■ 
 
 f r ,• '■ . 
 
 
 ":^-'- •'■:^: 
 
 ■ iff:- 
 
 / ■ ■ . ■ . : . ■ . 
 
 J 
 
#