Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2015 https://archive.org/details/blicklinghomilie02morr ■i ®;itt §Iicbtitt0 g^milt^s oi tl^e Wtni^ Cfittxtrg. FROM THE MARQUIS OF LOTHIAN’S UNIQUE MS. A.D. 971. EDITED, WITH INTRODUCTION, TRANSLATION, NOTES, AND INDEX OF BY THE REV. R. MORRIS, M.A., LL.D., Author of ‘Historical Outlines of Eriglish Accidence.' Editor of Hampole’s ‘ Pricke of Conscience,' ‘Early English Alliterative Poems,' ‘ The Story of Genesis and Exodus,' ‘ The Ayenbite of Imcyt,' ‘Legends of the Holy Rood,' ‘Old English Miscellany,' etc. etc. ; President of the Philological Society. PA.RT II. [Part III will contain the Glossary and Preface. It has been some months in hapd.] LONDON: PUBLISHED FOR THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOOIETY, BY N. TRUBNER & CO., 57 & 59 LUDGATE HILL, E.C. MDCCCLXXVI. Price Four Shillings, dBarljr Snmtg. Committee of Management. Director : FEEDERICK J. EURNIVALL, Esq. Treasurer : HENRY B. WHEATLEY, Esq. Hon. Sec.: W. A. 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Merlin, Part III., ed. Henry B. Wlieatley; with an Essay on Arthurian Localities, by J. S. Stuart Glennie. 12a. 37. Lyndesay’s Works, Part IV., containing Ane Satyre of the Three Estaits, ed. F. Hall. 4a. 38. William s Vision of Piers the Plowman Part II. Text B. Edited from the MSS. by the Rev. W. W. Skeat. 10a 6d. 39. The Alliterative Romance of the Destruction of Troy, translated from Guido de Colonna. Edited from the unique MS. in the Hun- terian Museum, Glasgow, by D. Donaldson, Esq., and the Rev. G. A. Panton. Part I. 10a. 6d. ASSUMPTIO S. MAIlIiE VIRGINIS. 145 )>8em lieo gewat of liclioman fram us. Ond [)a cwsej) se eadiga Petrus to eallum jjaein apostolum & to eallum Jjsein folce, ‘Bro|)or J)a leofestan, ic eow bidde ealle )>a |?e on ]?isse stowe syndon ]>cet ge wacian mid me & we baernan gastlico leobtfato oy^cet Driliten liider cume.’ & }>a eefter pysum wordum |?a com ])8er ure Driliten & he hie gemette ealle * anmodlice wseccende, & he hie onlylite * p. i75. mid his j^ees Halgan Gastes gife. & he wses cwe|?ende to him, ‘ Brojjor jia leofestan, ne sy eow nsenigu cearo ^loet ge geseon ])Cos eadige Maria sy geceged to dea|>e, & ne bi]> heo no to j^sem eorjjlican dea]?e ac heo bi^ gehered mid Gode, forjjon ])e hire bi^ mycel wuldor gegearwod.’ & mid ]?y Jie he Jjis gecweden haefde, ]?a ascean samninga mycel leoht on hire huse ]>(xt ealle |>a fynd wseron oferswi|)de |?a ]?e ]) 0 er wseron, & ]?a ]?e ^cet leoht gesawon |>a ne meah- ton asecgan for J;8es leohtes mycelnesse. & ]?a wses geworden mycel stefn of heofenum to Petre & wses cwejiende, ‘ Ic heo mid eow ealle dagas o|> |)a gyfylnesse ]?isse worlde.' & jia ahof Petrus his stefne & wses cwebende, ^ We hletsiab binne naman mid uruni saulum Peter’s & we bidda]? ]>(jet ]>u fram us ne gewite ; * & we bletsiaj? ]ie & we * p. i76. biddaj) ]>(jet |ju onlyhte ure world, for )>sem |?e )ni eallum miltsast ]?3em ])e on ]?e gelyfa]?.’ & |jis wses cwe])ende se eadiga Petrus to eallum ])sem apostolum & he trymede heora heortan mid Godes geleafan. ^fter ]>yssuni wordum gefylde, jia wees Maria Mary leaves arisende & wses ut gangende of hire huse, & hie gebsed to |)sem and prays, gebede ]>e se engel hire toewsej? ]>e ]>ser com to hire ; jia |?is gebed wses gefylled ]?a wses heo eft gangende on hire luis & heo ])a wses hleonigende ofer hire rseste, & set hire heafdan sset se eadiga Petrus & enib jia rseste o}?re Cristes Jjegnas. & |?a ser Jjsere syxtan tide |)ses dseges ]?a wses semninga geworden mycel At the sixth |)unorrM, & jiser wses swif^e swete stenc swa jjccite ealle ]ia s^^pt ; slepan ]>e jiser wseron. & j^a apostolas onfengon ]?sere eadigan Marian & jia |?re fsemnan j^e him Crist ser behead, hie wace- don buton forlset*nesse k \(x,t hie cyjjdon Drihtnes wuldor [be * p. 177 . hireti] & ealle medemnesse be ]?sere eadigan Marian, pa slepan |)a ealle ]>e jiser wseron ; jia com jjser semninga ure Drihlen ^ Hselend Crist ]jurh wolenum mid myccle mengeo engla & wses ^ppe^red * Clipped at top. 10 146 ASSUMPTION OF THE VIRGIN MARY. in a cloud with a great company of angels, and entered the house of the holy Mary in which she was resting. The Archangel Michael, who was the prince of all angels, was singing hymns with all the angels, when the Lord entered; then he found all the apostles round the blessed Mary’s bed, and he blessed the holy Maiy, and thus said, ^ Bene- dico te quia qucecumque promisistij — ‘ I bless thee, my holy Maiy ! and all whatsoever I have promised thee, that will I perform.’ And then answered him the holy Mary, and said, ‘ My Lord, I ever dis- pense thy favour, and I beseech thee for thy name that thou devolve upon me submission to thy commands, so that I may dispense thy favour.’ ‘Thou art for ever honoured.’ And then the Lord re- ceived her soul, and gave it to Saint Michael the archangel, and he re- ceived her soul with the prostration of all his limbs. And she had nought upon her save only a human form, and she had a soul seven times brighter than snow. And then enquired Saint Peter of our Lord, saying, ‘ Who of us. Lord, is there that hath so white a soul as this Holy Mary?’ Then said our Lord to Peter and to all those who were present, ‘ This holy Mary’s soul shall be ever glorified by God ; and she shall be washed with the holy absolution, and the other apostles shall be sent before her bier when she shall depart from her body.’ And they found no soul so white as the holy Mary’s was, because she loved darkness for her sins, and she was nevertheless ever preserved from her sins. And they all saw that the blessed Mary had a soul as white as snow. Then said our Lord to Peter and to the blessed Mary’s body, ‘ To-morrow she shall go into this city, on the right side of my quarter, and ye shall find there a new tomb ; then deposit the body in the tomb, and keep it there as I shall bid you.’ When our Lord had spoken, this then suddenly the body of the blessed Mary cried out before them all, and said, ‘ Be thou mindful, thou glorified King, that I am thy handi- work ; and be thou mindful of me, for I keep the treasure-house of ASSUMPTIO S. MARIAN VIRGINIS. 147 ingangende on jjaere lialgan Marian bus on \>oet )>e hco hie inne reste. Michaliel se liealiengel se wses ealra eiigla ealder- man, he wses ymen singende mid eallum jjsem engliim, mid Ipy ]?e Hselend wses ingongende. pa gemette he ealle J)a apostolas emb Jjsere eadigan Marian rseste, and he bletsode J)a halgan Marian & wses cwe)?ende, ‘ Benedico te quia quicumqiiQ 'promidsti ' — ‘ Ic ]>e bletsige min Lancia, Maria ; Je/vedThe'^^* & eal swa hwset swa ic ]?e gehet eal ic hit gesette/ Ond j^a '1^‘it‘Vo andswarode him seo halige Maria & wses cwe|?ende, ‘ Ic do a ]?ine gife, min Drihten, & ic |>e bidde for |>iniim naman ]>mt |)u gehwyrfe on me ealle ea])modnesse |;inra beboda, forjjon *|?e ic mseg don ]?ine gife.’ ‘ pu eart gemedemod on ecnesse.’ * p. i78. & |?a onfeng ure J^rihten hire saiile & he hie ]?a sealde Sancte Michahele J?sem heahengle, & he onfeng hire saule mid ealra his leoma eabmodnesse. & nsefde heo noht on hire buton hcet an hcet it was as ’ * ’ white as heo hsefde mennisce onlicnesse ; & heo hsefde seofon si|tum snow, beorhtran saule J>onne snaw. & |?a frsegn Petrus urne Drihten & wses cwejjende, ‘ Hwylc is of us Drihten ]jce^ hsebbe swa hwite saule swa beos halme Marie?’ pa cwseb ure Drihten to Petre s>ves & to eallum f)sem mannum J^e j?ser wseron, ‘ pisse halgan Marian saul bi{) a gewuldrod mid Gode, & heo bijj a)?wsegen mid |)sem halgan jjweale. & o}>re apostolas beo]) sende beforan hire bsere, mid ]?y ))e heo hi)? gongende of lichoman.’ & hie ne gemetton nane swa liwite saule swa }> 0 ere eadigan Marian wses, for])on * heo lufode ma ^ jjeostro for hire synnum & heo wses a ];eh * p. 179 . gehealden fram hire synnum ; & hie gesawon ealle ^cet seo supe^Huous eadiffe Marie hsefde swa hwite saule swa snaw. pa cwsep ure Hselend to Petre & to Jjsere eadigan Marian lichoman, ‘ pys mergenlican dsege heo bi^ gangende on |)isse ceastre on J)a swijjran healfe mines dseles ; & ge ]?ser gemeta}) niwe byrgenne, |)onne asette ge |)one lichoman to |)sere byrgenne & bine jjser The dead^ healda]? swa ic eow bebeode.’ pa mid |>y ]?e he }>is gecweden hsefde ure Drihten, |?a cleopode semninga jjsere eadigan Marian lichoma beforan him eallum & wses cwe})ende, ‘ Wes })U ge- myndig, }>u gewuldroda Cyning, forjton ic beo |>in hondgeweorc, & wes |)u min gemyndig, forjjon ic healde ]unra beboda gold- 10—2 148 ASSUMPTION OF THE VIRGIN MARY. thy decrees.’ And then said our Lord to the blessed Mary’s body, ‘ I will never leave thee, my pearl ; I will never leave thee, my jewel : for thou art verily the temple of God.’ And when he had said this, our Lord ascended into heaven. Then Peter and the other apostles took her (and the three Avomen Avho were watching there Avith them, washed the body of the blessed Mary,) and placed her upon her bier. And after that, all Avho Avere sleeping arose, and then Peter brought in the palm- tAvig which the blessed Mary had previously received at the angel’s hand. And then the blessed Saint John said, ‘ Tu es virgo, tu dehes procidere lectum ’ — ‘ Thou art the purest virgin, and it is fitting for thee to depart on thy bier, and for us to bear this palmtAvig, and to declare God’s praise.’ Then again spake the holy John, ‘ Thou art a preceptor in the prayers of the apostles, and it is fitting that thou shouldest dej)art on thy bier, and that we should carry thee until we come to the place Avhere the Lord has bidden us ; and let none of us be sad, hut let us bear thy bier triumphantly.’ And then the apostles arose, and lifted up the bier, and supported it Avith their hands. And then indeed Peter lifted up his voice and said, ‘ In exitu Israel ex JEgypto, Alleluia’ — ‘ Israel Avent out of Egypt, and sang Hallelujah ; and the Lord is truly supporting this bier.’ And then the apostles Avent into the clouds, and they then carried the bier, and sang God’s praise. AYlien the people heard it, and the Jcavs saAV the great company of angels — for their Amice was very loud, and they Avere praising God, — then AAmre they exceedingly enraged in their minds ; and then they began to say to each other, ‘What is this company and this people that thus loudly siugP Then said one of the apostles, Avho A\ms standing there, ‘ Mary is noAV, indeed, gone from the body, and Ave are singing praises about her.’ And then immediately came Satan, the devil, and the rulers of the JcAvs, and began to say to each other, ‘ Let us noAv arise and kill the a ostles, and seize the body of Mary and consume it Avith fire, because she did bear that deceiver.’ And then the Jcavs arose and began to ASSUMPTIO S. MAllIiE VIllGINIS. 149 hord.’ & ])a cwsej? lire Drili^eii to |)sere eadigan Marian liclioinaii, ‘Me forlaete ic ]>e nsefre min meregrot, *ne ic )?e nsefre ne*i>.i80. forlaete, min eorclanstan, forjjon J>e |)U eart so}>lice Godes tempi/ & pa he ]?is gecweden hiefde, j^a astali ure Drill^e^^ on lieofenas. pa nam Petrus & Jia o|>re apostolas hie, & |>a ]?reo feemnan pe peer wacodon, & ]>wogan ]?gere eadigan Marian lichornan, & hie pa asetton ofer hire baere. & pa setter J>on pa arisen ealle pa pe |jser slepan ; & Jia brohte Petrus Jiser pcet palmtwig pcBt seo eadige Marie ser onfeng of ]? 9 es engles handa. pa cwsej) se eadiga lohannes, ‘ Tu es uirgo, tu debes procidere leetum ! — ‘ pu eart seo clsenoste fsemne, & pe gedafenaji pcet |?u leore on j>ine bsere, & we beran ]>is palmtwig & cwejian Godes lof P pa The Apostles cwseb eft se halga lohannes, ‘ pu eart forelserende on bara apo- on a bier i ^ ^ J A and carry it stola gebede, & ]ie gedafena]? pcet ]?u leore on jiine bsere, & we out to burial beran J)is palmtwig & cwejian Godes lof.’ pa cwse}> eft se halga lohannes, ‘ pu eart forelserende on |?ara apostola gebede, ^Altered & ]?e gedafenaj? pcet |m leore ^ on ]iine bsere & we pe ]?onne beran pcet we cuman to Jisere stowe jiser Drihten bebead, & ne sy ure nan geunrdtsod ac we gesigefsestan jiine bsere.’ & jia arisen pa apostolas, hie hofan pa bsere & hie bseron mid heora * p. isi, handum ; & Petrus pa so]?lice onhof his stefne & wses cwejiende, ^ In^ exitu Israhel ex Egypto. Alleluia.' ‘Israhel wses ut gan- n. gende of ^gyptum, & wses singende “ Alleluia ! ” & Drihten is so|>lice ]?isse bsere fultumiende.’ & ]ja apostolas wseron gangende on wolcnum & hie pa bseron pa bsere, & hie cwsedon Godes lof. pa pcet folc ]?a pcet gehyrde, & ]>a ludeas gesawon }ia mycclan The .Jews mengeo engla & heora stem wses swibe hlud, & hie heredon come together ® ^ ^ ^ ^ greatly en- God, jia wseron hie swijie erre on heora mode ; & heora Jia ongon raged. selc cwejian to o]?rum, ‘ Hwset is jieos mengeo & ]?is folc pe her jnis hlude singe]? 1 ’ pa cwsej? para apostola sum pe J?ser The devil and Ti/r*' T PT 1 - the rulers of setstod, ‘ Maria is nu soblice of lichornan gewiten, & we cwe]?a]? the Jews take counsel to- lof ymb hie.’ & pa ra|?e code Satanas poet deofol & ]?ara ludea gether to ealdormen & heora ongan pa selc cweban to obrum, ‘ Uton we apostles, and nu arisau & acwellan pa apostolas & Marian lichornan geniman corpse. & hie J?onne * mid fyre forbsernon, for|?on |?e heo gebser ]>one * p. i82. biswican.’ & j?a ludeas |?a arisen, & hie |?a ongunnon mid sweord- 150 ASSUMPTION OF THE VIRGIN MARY. go thither with swords and with forces ; they thought that they would slay the apostles. And at that same time the angels who were there present in the clouds became fiercer than the Jews, and began to smite them. And forthwith they became blind, and fell to the earth, and their heads struck against the walls ; and they groped about with their hands on the ground, and knew not whither they were going. And then one who was the leader of the Jews drew near to the apostles, and he then saw that the bier was borne triumphant, and that the apostles were, indeed, singing hymns, saying, ^Now is completed the great wrath and anger of this ruler ; and the Lord hath given us an abode in this place, and among all our kin ; and he hath given us secure glory.’ And forthwith the impious ruler cried out with a loud voice, saying, ^ I will now turn me to this bier, and then will seize the palmtwig and cast it to the ground, and, being dried up, I will break both parts in pieces and burn them up.’ Then went he to the bier and, when close to the corpse on the bier, he was held fast by the right hand to the bier, so that he hung above the earth. Then he cried with a loud voice, and wept with tears in the sight of the apostles, thus saying ^ Adjuro vos per Deum vivum ’ — ^ I conjure you by the living God not to disregard me in this great time of need. And I expect thee most of all, my holy Peter, to be mindful of what my father did for thee when he was door- keeper.’ Then indeed Peter asked him, and said, AVast thou with thy father when he vindicated me, so that they did not apprehend meP And again the chief said, ^ I beseech you all not to disregard me.’ And then Saint Peter said unto him, ‘It is not, indeed, in my power, nor in that of any of us [to help thee], except thou wilt believe in Jesus Christ, that he is the Son of the living God, and arose from the dead. But if thou believest not that he is the Son of God, thou shalt not be set down upon the earth. But we know that the enemy of mankind hath blinded your hearts, lest you should believe that Christ were true God, and you should be saved by him. But go now, indeed, and kiss this bier, and say to this corpse that thou believest in God the Pailier, and in Mary, for she bore Jesus Christ.’ Then the leader of the ASSUMPTIO S. MARIAN VIKGINJS. 151 1 ?steiigum = staves. 'I'lie Jews are striicii with hlmtliiess. 1 M^. apos- tolas. A certain ruler of the Jews tries to seize the palm- twig, hut his right liand is held fast to the bier. * p. 183. um & mid streng|>um ^ }>yder gan ; jjohton hie woldan ofslean |)a apostolas. & |)a on }>a ilcan tid ])a englas |?a jjser waeron on |)8em wolcnum, hie wui’don wyldran J^oime ]?a Iiuleas & ongimnan slean |?a ludeas ; & hie ])a wiirdon sona ahlinde & feollan to eorjjan, & heora heafdu slogan on |?a wagas & hie grapodan mid lieora handum on }>a eorJ>an, & nystan hwydcr hie eodan. & |>a an j?e |?8er waes }jara ludea aldorman he genea- laecan jjsein apostolum, & he ]>a wses geseonde ]>set seo haer waes gesigefaested. & hie waeron sojjlice ymen singende ]ja apostolas^ & wseron cwejjende, ‘ Nu is gefylled ]>cBt mycclle hatheort & \oet mycclle yrre ]?yses ealdermannes & Drihten us sealde eardunga on ])isse stowe & on eallum ussum cynne, & he us sealde orsorh wuldor.’ Ond J)a sona se arleasa gerefa cleopode mid mycelre* stefne & wses cwe]>ende, ‘ Ic me wille nii onhwyrfan to |)isse bsere, & |)onne gegripan ^cet palmtwig & hit |)onne to eor]?an afyllan, & forsearedum him begen daelas forbrecan & forbaernan.' pa wses he gongende to }?8ere baere & ]?a on middan J^aem licho- man on ]?aere baere, ]?a wear]> he gefaestnod be j^aere swij?ran handa to ]?aere baere, he hangode to eorjtan. pa cleopode he mycelre stefne, & waes wepende mid tearum on [>ara apostola gesyhjje, & waes |?us cwe]?ende, ^ Acliuro uos ^;er Demn uiuum! ‘ Ic eo[w] halsige J?urh jjone lifgendan God \(Bt ge me ne forseon on ])isse mycclan ned^earfe tide ; ond ^e bide ealra swi}iost, min se halga Petrus, \cet J)U sy gemyndig hwaet min faeder J>e gedyde, ]?a he waes duruweard/ pa fraegn hine so]7lice Petrus & cwae)?, ‘ Waere ]>i\ mid ^inum faeder Jta he me swa ladode ''pcet hie me ne gegripon.^’ & jja cwaej) se ealderman eft, ‘*Ic eow nu bidde^p. 184. ealle ~^(jet ge me ne forseon.’ Ond ]>a cwae]> sojjlice Petrus to him, ‘ Nis \>cet so|?lice min miht ne naeniges ures, ac gif j)u gelyfest on Haelende Crist, ^cet he sy Godes Sunu J)aes lyfgen- dan, & arise fram dea)>e. Gif ]ju ]?onne ne gelyfest he sy Godes Sunu, jjonne ne bist ^ ])U aseted on eorjtan ; ac we witan ^^cet jjyses menniscan cynnes fynd ablende eowre heortan ]>(Et Crist ne waere soj) God, & ])onne bist |)U gehaeled fram him. Ac gong |)U nu soj^lice, & cys }>as baere, & cwej) to ]?ysum lichoman ]>(jet j?u gelyfe on God Faeder & on Marian, forj^on He asks Peter to help him. Peter bids him believe in Christ. 1 originally histu. He kisses the bier and blesses the body of Mary. 152 ASSUMPTION OF THE VIRGIN MARY. priests blessed Mary with his tongue, in the Hebrew language, glorifyingly. And none of thenu in the meanwhile, raised the bier. And then, after a respite, he again blessed the body of Mary, by the witness of the books of Moses and by very numerous scriptures ; and he declared, from them all, that Mary was the temple of the living God. Then the apostles were greatly astonished at him and said unto him, ‘Whence came to him these wonderful speeches?’ Then said Peter, ‘Stretch forth thy hand, and say that thou believest on the name of our Saviour Christ, with all thy heart, then shall thy hands become restored and be as they were before.’ And immediately it came to pass that he believed in his heart ; and again Peter spake to him, ‘Arise now and receive this palmtwig which is before the bier of this holy Mary, and then go to the city of these Jews, to those who are there struck with blindness and speak to them and say, “ Whosoever believeth not on Jesus Christ, that he is the Son of the living God, his eyes shall, therefore, be closed.” And if any one will believe on God then touch thou their eyes with this palmtwig, which thou receivedst here in thy hand, and they shall immediately receive their sight. But assuredly he who believeth not on God shall not see for ever.’ And then the ruler of tlie Jews and of the priests went and spake to them as the blessed Peter had before commanded him. And he found very many among the people weeping ; and they were saying, ‘ Woe to us, for it has now befallen us as it was in the city of Sodom ; it came to pass that a great fear at first came over them and they were smitten with blindness and afterwards the Lord sent fire from heaven upon them and they were consumed withal.’ And they then said, ‘ now indeed we are filled with all humility.’ And then, indeed, to them, thus weeping, came the ruler of the priests whom Peter had sent to them, and he spake to them all in the same words that Peter had previously commanded him to speak. He heard their sufferings and he marvelled at the sight. And he said ‘Whosoever believeth in God ASSUMPTIO S. MAKIiE ViilGlNIS. 153 heo beer Haslendne Crist.’ & ]?a se ealdernian j^ara sacerda bletsode Marian mid liis tungan Ebreiscre stcfne |)urli wuldor ; & beora menig |)a bsere jnr liwile ne aliof. & })a setter fyrst- mearce ba bletsode be eft jMarian licbomaii on Moyses boca Ge said Mary gewitnesse, & |)urb swi^e inanigfealde gewreotu. Ond of eallnm j^sein be wses cwejjende ^cet Maria wsere j?ses lifgendan Codes tempi, pa wseron ^a apostolas * swijje wimdrigende * p. iss. fram bim & wseron cwej?ende to bim, bwonon bim ]>a wun- fogged dorlican gereordo coman. pa cwsej? Petrus to bim, ‘ Araece p^jniuvig ]?ine banda & cwe]> \cBt J)u gelyfe on ures Hselendes Cristes naman, & on ealre ]?inre beortan, jjonne wesa]? |?ine banda nfvifng jewt. sona geedneowode & beo]? swa bie ser wseron beforan J>e.’ & ]?a wses bra|?e geworden ]^cet be gelyfde on bis beortan. & |ia cwsej) Petrus eft to bim, ‘ Aris nu & onfob ]?ysum palmtwige |)e ber is beforan })isse balgan Marian bsere, & Jjonne gang to |)issa ludea ceastre to jjsem ])e |?ser ofslegene syndon raid blindnesse, ond spree to bim & ewe)?, “ Swa bwylc swa ne gelyfe]> on Hselend Crist be sy Codes Sunu }>8es lifgendan, J)onne beo]? J^ses eagan betynede;” & J^onne gif bwylc gelyfe on Cod, ]jonne setbrin J?u beora eagan mid jjysuin palmtwige J)C |>u ber onfenge on J^ine band, jjonne onfo]) bie raj?e gesyb}>e. Se ]}onne witodlice ne gelyfe]? on Cod |)onne ne gesylij? se nsefre on eciiesse.’ Ond |?a code se ealdorman J?ara ludea & ]?ara sacerda * & wses cwe|?ende swa bim ser bebead se eadga * p. i86. Petrus ; & be gemetitle swibe manige on bsem folce wepende : & Tfie people ■* . terrified wseron cwe|?ende, ‘Wa us la, for|?on be us is nu geworden fined^^ swa swa on Sodoma byrig wses ; J)ser wses geworden ]?cc^ jjser com ofer bie on fruman mycel broga & bie wseron mid blindnesse slegene ; ond setter ]?on J>a sende Dribten fyr of beofenum ofer bie & bie mid ealle forbsernde.’ & bie })a wseron cwe]?ende, ‘ Nu soJ?lice we syndon gefyllede mid ealre They^arecom- eabmodnesse.’ & ba soblice bim swa wependum, ba com bara the ^ ^ ^ A j j Jewish ruler, sacerda ealdorman J?e Petrus bim tosende ; & be |?a wses spre- cende to bim ealluni J?sem ileum wordum ]?e bim ser Petrus bebead ; & be gebyrde beora ]?rowunga, & be |?a wundrode setter J)sere gesib]?e. Ond be wses cwej?ende, ‘ Swa bwylc swa gelyfe]? 154 ASSUMPTION OF THE VIEGIN MAEY. Almighty with his words he will undertake true confession for the name of Clirist, the Son of the living God shall forthwith receive his sight ; hut, assuredly, he who helieveth not in God shall continue in blindness for ever and ever/ And they immediately believed and Christ gave them sight. And verily the Apostles then carried the body of Mary until they came to the tomb where the Lord had commanded them, and there they buried Mary’s body; and then they set themselves at the door of the tomb as the Lord Jesus Christ had bidden them. And suddenly while they were thus sitting our Lord came there with a great company of angels, and said to them, ‘ Peace be with you, brethren.’ And then he commanded the archangel Michael to receive the soul of the blessed Mary in the clouds, and he did so. And then he spake to the Apostles until they all drew near to the Lord Jesus Christ. And then he received the soul into the clouds, and the Lord bade the clouds to go into Paradise and there to deposit the soul of the blessed Mary; and there truly in Paradise it shall be ever in glory with God and all his elect. And then indeed at the third hour of the day the Lord came with a great multitude and greeted the apostles and said ^ Peace be with you brethren/ And then the apostles answered him, and said, ‘ Glory be to thee, O God, because thou alone hast done such glorious deeds.’ Then said our Lord unto them, ‘ I was first sent by my Father to the intent that I should undergo my holy passion. And then [after my passion] I was again restored to my body, as I previously predicted to you, and [was restored] to all those that were following me among mankind. And I was [just lately] sitting above the children of men in my great majesty, and sat above you on my throne ; and I judged the twelve nations, among the three peoples of Israel, and [those that had sprung] from the twelve tribes. And by my Father’s command I was again restored to the body. And for the sake of their [?her] holiness I dedicated myself to that immaculate temple; and she is the purest virgin, and she was a virgin ere her childbearing and she will continue so afterwards.’ And then said the Saviour to the a})Ostles, ‘What will ye now? What shall I do unto her?’ And then ASSUMPTIO S. MARIiE VIRGINIS. 155 on God TElmihtigiie his wordum jjonne wile he onfon rilitre ondetnesse for Cristes *naman Godes Suiia })ses lifgendan, * p. i87. jjoime onfeh ^ se hra|?e gesihjje ; se jjonne witodlice iie gelyf{> on onfeiT^f God, bonne wunab he on blindnesse aa on eenesse/ Ond hie and they m- ^ ceived their pa, wurdan hra]>e gelyfde & Crist him sealde gesihj?e. Ond }>a witodlice ba apostolas hseron Marian lichoman obbset hie coman Tiie body is carried to the to J) 0 ere byrgenne |?8er Drihten him behead, & hie pa, |t 3 er belty- tomb, at rigdon Marian lichoman, & pa, setton hie cet Jjsere byrgenne dura swa swa Drihten Hselende Crist him behead. & pa, him swa sittendum pa, com J^ser semninga ure Drihten mid myccle mengeo engla, & cwse|? to him, ^ Sib sy, broJ>or, mid eow & he }ta behead Michahele |>8em heahengle pcet he onfenge ]?8ere eadigan Marian sawle mid wolcnum ; & ]>a onfeng Michahel Jjsere saule. Ond he j^a cwae]? to J>3em apostolum oppmt hie ealle nealsehton to Drihtne Haelendum Criste ; ond ])onne jjaere sawle onfeng on wolcnum. & Drihten *bead |)8em wolcnum |? 0 et hie eodan on*p. i88. neorxna wang & jjser asetton J^aere eadigan Marian sawle ; & on Ma^ris'i^hen neorxna wange bij) a wuldor mid Gode & mid eallum his geco- renum so])lice. Ond pa, sojjlice set jjsere |)riddan tide })8es dseges, pa, com Jjser Drihten mid mycliim menigeo, & halette J^a apos- tolas & wses cwejjende, ^Sib sy mid eow, bro|)or;’ & jja and- sweredan him }ta apostolas & hie cwaedon, ‘Wuldor |?e sy, God, forbon be bu dydest ana mycel wuldor.’ pa cwseb ure Hselend to Je^us again i i i r r appears to the him, ‘^r ic wses sendee! fram minum Feeder to bsem pcet ic sceolde disciples, and gefyllan mine pa, halgan jjrowunge ; ond ic J^a wses gehwyrfed on minne lichoman, swa ic eow ser gehet, & on eallum }isem pe me fyl- gende wseron on jjissum menniscan cynne, & ic wses sittende ofer manna bearnum on minum msegen|)rymme. Ond wses sittende ofer eow on minum hehsetle ; & ic demde twelf ]?eodum on Jtrim Isra *hela folcum. & of ])sem twelf mseg|>um; & be mines Feeder * p. iso. hsese ic wear)? eft on lichoman geseted. & for heora halignesse ic me gehalgode to ]?sem unbesmitenan temple; & heo is seo clseneste fsemne, & heo wses feemne ser hire beor]?re & heo wuna]> fsemne sefter hire beor)?re.’ Ond |?a ewsej? Hselend to |?sem apostolum, ‘ Hwset wide ge nu “? hwset ic hire doo?’ & |?a andswarode him Petrus & ealle )>a apostolas & cwsedon, 156 ASSUMPTION OP THE VIRGIN MARY. Peter and all the apostles answered and said, ‘ Lord thou didst choose thee that vessel in which to dwell, and she is thy purest virgin before all worlds, and thou art able indeed visibly to manifest thy power on thy ser- vant Mary ; and thou didst overcome death and thou art ruling in thy glory, so art thou now able to raise again thy mother’s body from the dead.’ And immediately the Lord in heaven rejoiced, and said to his apostles, ‘Be it now according to your decision.’ And forthwith the Lord bade Gabriel the archangel to roll away the stone from the door of the sepulchre. And then Michael went and took charge of the soul of the blessed Mary, before the Lord. And the Lord said to the body of Mary, ‘ Ai’ise my kinswoman, my dove, and my habitation of glory ; for thou art the vessel of life, and thou art the heavenly temple, and no vices were committed in thy heart ; and thou shalt suffer no pain in thy body.’ And the Lord said again to the body, ‘ Arise thou from thy tomb.’ And immediately Mary arose from the tomb ; and she embraced the Lord’s feet and began to glorify God, thus saying, ‘ My Lord, I am unable to produce all the gifts that thou didst bestow upon me for thy name, nor yet are they able to exhaust all thy benedictions. And thou art the God of Israel, and thou art exalted with thy Father and with thy Holy Ghost for ever.’ And then the Lord raised her up and kissed her and gave her to the archangel Michael ; and then he lifted her up in the clouds before the presence of the Lord. And the Lord said to the apostles, ‘Come now to me into the clouds.’ And when they went to Him, the Lord kissed them and said, ^Pacem meain do vohis. Alleluia’ ‘My peace I leave with you through my Father’s Holy Spirit, and my peace I give you through my highest praise {i. e. the Holy Ghost); and I will be with you always unto the end of this world.’ And the Lord said to the angels, ‘ Sing now, and receive my mother into Paradise.’ And the apostles wdth (all) their power raised the body of Mary up in the clouds, and placed it in the bliss of paradise ; and now' the apostles are aj)pointed by lot ever to proclaim her abroad. And let us now confess the greatness of God, and sing in Mary’s name, ^Magnificat anima mca\’ ASSUMPTIO S. MARIiE VIRGINIS. 157 ^Driliten, J)U ]je gecure ]^cet feet on to eardienne, & heo is J?in seo clseneste fsemne ser ealre worlde, & ])u milit sojjlice & gesewenlice |>ine milite gecy]?an on Marian jnnre jjcowan ; & ]>u oferswijjdest dea]?, ond }>ii eart rixiende on ]?inuin wuldre, swa J)U sepui^|i,.e nu milit ]?inre modor liclioman eft aweccan fram dea]?e.’ & |)a boJiy^s^Sm- ra]?e waes Driliten blissiende on heofenas & waes cwe|)ende to his I”se a-onu^ apostolum, ‘Wese hit nu he eowrum domum.’ & |ia hraj^e bead *Drihten Gabriele |>9em heahengle \>oet he wylede ]?one stan fram *p. i90. ]j8ere byrgenne duru. Ond |?a Michael se heahengel geong wear- dode jjsere eadigan Marian savvle beforan Drihtne. Ond |)a wees Drihten cwe|?ende to Marian lichoman, ‘ Aris |)U, imn seo nehste & min culufre & mines wuldres eardung, & forJ>on |?e ]?u eart lifes feet, & ]>n eart ^oet heofenlice tempi, & nseron naenige leahtras gefylde on |>inre heortan, ond )?u ne |?rowast naenige ])rowunge on |?inum lichoman.’ Ond |?a cwaej? Drihten eft to jjaem lichoman, ‘ Arts ]?u nu of ]?inre byrgenne.’ & jja sona aras Maria of ]?aere byrgenne, & ymbfeng Drihtnes fct, ond ]ja ongan wuldrian on God & waes cwej^ende, ‘ Mm Drihten, ne maeg ic ealle ]?a gife for)>bringan |?e |?u me forgeafe for )>inum naman, & inlo^paJ^disf. hwe])re hi ne magon ealle )?ine bletsunge gefyllan. & ]?u eart *Israhela God & |)u eart ahafen mid jjinum Feeder & mid j^inum *p. 191. ]?y Halgan Gaste on worlda world.’ Ond ]?a ahof Drihten hie up & hie |)a cyste, & hie ])a sealde Michahele ]?aem heahengle & he hie J?a ahof up on Avolcnum beforan Drihtnes gesih]?e. Ond cvvaej) Drihten to j^aem apostolum, ‘ ganga]? nu to me on wolc- nuni.’ & })a mid ])y |je hie waeron gangende to him pa, Avaes Drihten hie cyssende & Avees cAve|)ende, ‘ Pacem meam do ^ uohis. 1 ms. da. Alleluia V ' Ic forleete mine sibbe to eoAV })urh mines Faeder |)one Halgan Gast. Ond ic eoAv sylle mine sibbe ]?urh mm peel hehste lof, ond ic beo mid eoAV ealle dagas op pa geendunga J)isse Avorlde.’ & Drihten eweej? to ]>aem englum, ‘ Siriga]? nu & onfo]? minre meder on neorxna Avonge.’ & pa apostolas on heora cia/m m^egene hofan Marian lichoman up mid AVolcnum & hine pa aset- ton on neorxna wanges gefean. & nu syndon gesette pa apostolas inhlet ad hie bodian hire. Ond Ave nu ondetton Godes mycel- nesse & singan on Marian naman, ^Magnificat anima mea \ ’ 158 ASSUMPTION OF THE VIRGIN MARY. because she thus spake wlien she sang ‘ Magnificat ^ My Lord, magnify my soul : et exultavit : and cause my spirit to rejoice in thy salvation ; for thou art true God. Quia resjpexit : Wherefore do thou now behold the meekness of thy maiden ; and my Lord,’ said Saint Mary, ‘cause all people to say that I am the most blessed virgin. Qui fecit : For thou didst unto me great things, thou art mighty and thy name is holy. Et misericordia : And thy mercy is among all people that fear thee. Fecit i^otentiam : He hath done mighty things with his arms, and he hath scattered those who were proud in their heart, and would not trust in him. Dejposuit : And he hath put down the mighty from their seat ; and that was Satan with his devils, when he was in heaven’s kingdom ; and for his presumption, he and his devils with him, were cast down into hell’s abyss ; and the Lord hath exalted all the meek for ever. Esurientes : Then Saint Mary said that the Lord had filled with the beauty of heaven’s glory all those who on earth suffered hunger and thirst for his name ; but for all those who received riches, and trusted in overfulness more than in God, and gave themselves up to vanity, he hath prepared eternal perdition. Suscepit Israel : And he hath holpen all his servants, Israel, and was mindful of all his mercy ] just as Saint Matthew hath said, that the Lord, on a time, as- cended a hill with a great company of his holy people and then he sat upon the hill. Sicut locutus est : And his disciples went unto him ; and then the Saviour opened his mouth, and spake to our fathers and to Abraham, and said that his seed should increase over all this world. And then he taught his apostles and told them through what things the soul might become most blessed, and thus said, ‘ Blessed are the spirits of the poor, for they shall rest in heaven’s kingdom ; and blessed are those who care not for this world’s riches ; and blessed are those that weep now for their sins, for they shall be hereafter comforted in heaven’s kingdom.’ But let us intreat the Virgin St. Mary to be a merciful advocate with our Lord Jesus Christ of present benefits and of eternal glory: and thereto may our Lord aid us. Amen.* * Pious .^Ifric had perhaps seen tliis unscriptural homily. ‘ Gif we mare secga'S be 'Sisum symbel-dsege bonne we on Sam halgum bocum raedaS, ])e Surh Godes dihte gesette waeron, ])onne beo we Sam dwolmannum gelice, J;e be heora agenum dihte, oSSe be swefnum, fela lease gesetnyssa awriton .... Sind swa-Seah gyt Sa dwolKcan bee, aegSer ge on Leden ge on Englisc, and In raedaS ungerade men.’ (Thorpe, ii. 444.) ASSUMPTIO S. MARI^ VIRGINIS. 159 for])on lieo |?us cwae]? |>a lieo ‘ MagnificaJj ’ sang. ‘ Min Driliten, * p. 192 . gemycla mine sauwle. Et exultauit : & gecl5 ^oet min gast wyn- sumige on }>inre hselo, for|?on ]>e })u eart so]? God. Quia re- si^e^deciaJed'' spexit : for]>on |>u nu sceawa ]?ines m3eg(d)enes ea]jmodnesse. & min g/orV wurie^ Drihten/ cwjn]? Janata Marie, ^ Gedo ]>u '^cet eall cynn c\ve])e wiTiiave'ruf- ]?cc^ ic sy seo eadgoste fsemne. Qui fecit : for]?on J)U me dydest chr^st^ mycel & J?u eart militig & ])in nama lialig. Et misericordia : & ]?in mildheortnes is mid eallum ]?jem cynne ]>e |)e him ondrseda]). Fecit 'potentiam : & he dyde mycle mihte on his ear[m]an, & he todaelde ealle j?a |>e J^ser waeron ofermode on heora heortan, & noldan on hine getrywan. Deposuit : & he asette Jja mihtigan of heora setle & ^cet wses Satanas mid his deoflum, J?a he wses on heofena rice, & he ]>a for his oferhygdum & his deoflu ^ mid ^^ms. deo- him wurdon aworpene on helle grund. & Drihten ealle ea]?mode upalief]) on ecnesse. Esurientes : & |)a waes * Sa>ic^a Maria cwe)>- * p. 193. ende h(xt Drihten ealle ba gefylde on heofona wuldres faegernesse iieii win jja |?e hie on eor|)an leton hingrian & ]?yrstan for his nainan ; & ealle ])a men |>a jje onfengon welan & on oferfylle swij^or gehyhton ]?onne on God, & hie sylfe swa forleton on idelnesse, J>onne gege- arwode he J>3em ece forwyrde. Suscepit Israel : & Isra/iel onfeh]? eallum his cnihtum & waes gemyndig ealre his mildheortnesse swa Matheus waes cwe])ende ]?og/ Drihten astige on same tid on anne munt mid myccle weorode his haligra ; & |?a gesaet he on })8em munte. Sicut locutus est : & ]?a eodan his |?egnas to him ; idmsei7s1iid & ]?a ontynde Haelend his mu^ & wa3S sprecende to urum fse- ontlirM^unt^ derum & to Abrahame & waes cwe])ende \cet his seed oferweoxe th?poo?,7or ealle Jjas woruld. & he |?a laerde his apostolas, him saegde ]?urh rest ii/hea- hwaet seo saul eadegust gewurde & ]>us cwae|>, ‘ Eadige beo]? doin, |)earfena gastas *& hie resta]? on heofena rice. & eadige beo^ * p- i 94. J>a |?e J>issa eor}?welena ne gyma]? ; & eadige beo]? ]ta |)e wepa}> nii for heora synnum, for]?on hi beo]> eft afrefrede on heofona rice.’ Ac utan we biddan J)a faemnan SanctSL Marian heo us sy milde |>ingere wi¥ urne Drihten Haelendne Crist ondweardes raedes & eces wuldres : to }>aem us gefultumige ure Drihten. Amen. 160 BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST. XIV. THE BIRTH OF JOB.N THE BAPTIST. earest men, we are here admonished and reminded in these books and in these Holy Scriptures of the observance of this holy season which we ought to-day to celebrate and observe, since it is the birthday of the illustrious John the Baptist : and by these works we may know and understand that he is greatly to be celebrated and honoured by us this day ; for we heard when the holy gospel was read that the Churches cele- brate the birth of none of God’s saints, patriarchs, prophets, nor apostles, except of Christ himself, and of this John. There were many holy and worthy prophets before St. John, who were great and illustrious, and hal- lowed (consecrated) by God himself, and so illuminated and sanctified by the grace of the Holy Spirit, that they prophesied and revealed to men what was to come to pass ; and were cognizant of all God’s secret judg- ments, and were able to withstand kings and evil and great princes ; and they had control over the heavens by their power ; and in very many divine powers they shone forth very gloriously by miracles of all kinds ; and they proclaimed the truth, and declared signs which the Lord himself had borne witness to ; but nevertheless concerning none of these was or could it be said what the Lord Jesus Christ said concerning this John — that never among those born of woman was any born more illustrious or more excellent. And the Evangelist in the commencement of his gospel thus wrote and spake of the birth of John : In the days of King Herod there was a very great priest whose name was Zacharias, and his wife’s name was Elizabeth, who was of the daughters of the patriarch Aaron. And the holy evangelist thus wrote and spake concerning them, ‘They were both very worthy before God, and walked in all the commandments of the Lord blameless.’ Behold how very blessed were the noble parents of Saint J ohn, whom no guilt of this noxious world had injured ; nor had any sin wounded them ; nor had evil witness (testimony) calumniated them ; nor SEO CxEBYED S. JOHANNES |>iES FULWIHTEEES. 161 XIY. [SEO GEBYRD S. JOHANNES piES FULWIHTEEESJ] "l^/TEN |?a leofestan, her us iiiana]? & mynega]? on Jnssiim bocum & on |>issuni lialgum gewrite, be J)isse halgan tale weor- ])unga jje we nu todaeg msersian sceolan & weorpian, ]?onne is \>(Et seo foremaere gebyrd Sc^?^c^e loliannes jjaes fulwihtweres : be Jjyssum we |?onne witon magon & ongyton he swij?e us is j?es daeg to raaersienne & to weor]?ienne ; forjjon [>e we gehyrdon *|)a ^cEt halige godspel raedd waes naeniges Godes haligra gebyrd, ne his heahfaedera, ne his witgana, ne his apostola, cirice- an ne maersia]? nem]?e Cristes sylfes & Jjyses Johannes. Manige halge & gedefe witgan waeran aer Sa^^c^e lohanne, ]?a waeron inyccle & foremaere, & fram Gode seolfum gehalgode, & mid Haliges Gastes geofum swa swi]?e onlyhte & gehalgode swa ^cet hie eal ]>cBt toweard waes, beforan witgodan & mannum cy|)don. & hie waeron gewitan ealra Godes degolra doma, & hi cyningum & yfelum ricum ealdormannum wi]?standan mihtan ; & hi heofon mid heora maegenum bridlodan, & hie on swi]?e manegum god- cundum maegenum ealra wundorweoreum swij?e wuldorlice ascinon ; & hie j?aere so|>faestnesse spellodan & tacen secgende waeron, |>a |?e Drihten sylf getacnode : ac ]>cBt ^ hwae])ere be ]?are naenigum gecweden been ne mihte, se Haelende Drihten Crist *be Jjyssum lohanne gecwae]?, ]>ait naefre betuh wifa ge- byrdum naenig maerra ne sylra geboren naere. & se godspellere sona on fruman his godspell swa be jjaere lohannes gebyrde wrat & cwaej), ‘ On Herodes dagum }^aes cyninges waes swi|)e mycel aeweweard, ]?aes noma waes Zacharias ; & his wifes nama waes Elizabej? seo waes from Arones dohtrum }>8es heahfaeder ; ’ & se halga godspellere swa be him wrat, & cwae]>, ‘ Hie butu waeron swij^e gedefe beforan Gode, & hie eodan on eallum Drihtnes bebodum butan leahtre.’ Eala hu swi]?e eadge waeron ]?a aej?elan cennende ® Sa?m^e lohannes, |)aem ne scejjede naenig seyld |)isse sce|)wracan worlde, ne hie naenigo firen ne gewundode, ne yfel 11 1 In later liand there is the following title — Sancte iohannes, baptista spel. The birth-day of John the Baptist is especially de- serving of notice. * p. 195. It is the only one the Church cele- brates. Our Lord de- clared John to be the most illustrious of woman-born. 2 MS. rather indistinct and letters of next page show through. * p. 196. The parents of the Baptist were blame- less in all re- spects. 3 The final o is binder- spotted. 162 THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST. any vice troubled tliem. But they were mindful of all God’s behests, and in every wise they were ever verj’- obedient to the divine law. And since their youth and their middle age remained without any sin, may we not be- lieve that their old age and the termination of their life were not different from the commencement “I Nevertheless, Elizabeth was [not] destitute of godly virtues though she was late in child-bearing : yet she was not at all late in child-bearing ; for whether with respect to the holy Elizabeth ought not her condition in her old age ever to be borne in mindl For at that great time a house of holiness was first to be purified, and the hos- pitality of Christ’s harbinger, and the liberality of God’s messenger, was to be secured ; and an abode of the Holy Spirit, a temple altogether fit for God, was to be found, in which the holy Spirit’s wisdom should dwell. And so when every human fault was quiescent in the parents of the blessed John, and they in their whole life stood blameless, — then forthwith sterility fled from them, and their age was quickened and their belief and purity conceived. Then was born the man Saint John, who was greater and more excellent than all other men ; and he was like the angels of God ; and he was the trumpet, Christ’s crier in this world, and the messenger of God’s Son, the standard-bearer of the Supreme King, and the forgiveness of sins and setting right of heathen nations. And I say that the evangelist was the confirmation {or union) both of the old and new law, because he wrote first of the divine grace of the father and mother, that by the doubts of the parents the child’s dignity should be un- derstood by all these other men, because by that birth alone she transcended all laws of liuman-kind ; and now the birth of Christ [was] at his appearing, and the new day-spring {or dawn) was John the Baptist. And now the gleam of the true Sun, God himself, shall come ; let the crier give out his voice. And because that the Lord Christ is now the Judge, Saint John will be the trumpet, and will therefore come with God himself upon this earth ; — let the messenger i. e. Saint John go before him. And therefore it is the duty of every man to declare the worthiness of Saint J ohn’s life ; for he was praised and honoured by the voice of truth, and SEO GEBYRD S. JOHANNES FULWIHTERES. 163 £(ewitnes ne wre^de, ne hie iiaeiiii*; leahter ne drefde. Ac hie Elizabeth was ® . . . Farreii, yet wseron p^emyndi^e ealra Godes beboda, & on selce wisaii liie she was not ^ void of divine waeron jjsere godcundan se swi)?e gehyrsume. & nu seo heora virtue. iiigo|> & seo midfyrhtnes butan segwylcum leahtre gestanden, hwylc talge we ]?onne '^cet seo yldo & se ende *|?aes heora lifes * p- 197. wsere ne se fruma swylc wses ? Seo Elizabej? Jtonne wses un- wsestmfsest jjara godcundra msegena, & ^ jteah ]>e heo jjses bearnes lata wpere ; heo |)onne |tses bearnes noht lata ne waes, jjonne hwse|?ere aet j^aere halgan Elizabet seo hire gebyrd naht gemun- an, J?e heo hire on ylda |)a waere ? forjton |?e mycelre tide aer J)8ere halignesse hus geclaensod beon sceolde, & seo gastli[)nes ])aes Cristes wicsceaweres, & seo gifernes gebuend waes J-'ses Cristes engles, & seo heall j^aes Halgan Gastes swylc tempi eallinga Gode weorbe funden waes Haliges Gastes snytro on to when every ® ^ ® ^ human fault gerestenne. & ba be aeghwylc mennisc leahter on baem eadigan was quiescent ® r r & J r » in the parents bandit lohanne cennendum gestilled waes, & hie on eallum heora life orleahtre gestodan, ]?a sona seo unwaestmfaestnes fram ^\\ce^yg|} him fleali, & sona heora ylda geliffaested waes, & geleafa & seo claennes onfeng. pa waes acynned se mon handle lohannes, se waes mara & selra eallum '""o|?rum inannum. He waes gelic*p. 198. Godes englum, & he waes beme, Cristes fricca on bysne mid- was dangeard, & waes Godes Suna spellboda, & segnbora ^aes ufan- God’s angels, cundan Kyninges, & firena forgifnes, & gerihtnes haejjenra |;eoda. & ic secge se godspellere waes faestnung aeg)>er ge })aere ealdan ae, ge |;aere niw^an ge |?onne, forjjon ]>8es feeder & }?aere modor godcund maegen beforan wrat ^cet be |>8ere cennendra gefyrhtum Jjaes bearnes weorjje ongyten waere be [tyson^ eallum ^ originally o}?rum mannum, for])on hie jtaere an his gebyrde oforstag ealle He was the se fisse menniscan gecynde ; ond nu seo Cristes gebyrd set his ?ppeared^aii- aeriste, se niwa eorendel Sanc^us lohannes ; & nu nu se leoma sun (Christ). Jjaere soj^an sunnan God selfa cuman wille. SyZle se friccea his stefne ; & forjjon Jje nu \oet is se dema Drihten Crist, seo beme ^andtu% lohannes, & nu mid God selfa on jtysne middangeard cuman *wile, — gauge se engel beforan him Sauc^tts lohannis ; * p. iS9. & for|)on J)e jtaet aeghwylces mennisces monnes gemet is \cet he Scmc^tfs lohannes lifes weorjtunga gesecgan maege ; for|>on 11 — 2 164 THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST. the Lord himself in his gospel spake [thus] concerning him : ‘For what went ye to the wilderness ? — to seek a prophet 1 I declare him to be more renowned and more excellent than any prophet.’ Wherefore no human tongue is sufficiently able to declare the divine virtue of this be- gotten messenger. Also the Archangel Gabriel sjDake and said to Zacharias, his father, ‘ Fear not, Zacharias, thy prayer is altogether heard by God, and thy wife Elizabeth shall bear thee a son, and thou shalt call his name John ; and to thee shall be joy and gladness ; and many shall rejoice at his birth ; and he shall be altogether very great before God, and shall not drink wine nor ale ; but he shall be filled with the Holy Ghost in his mother’s bosom, and he shall turn many of the children of Israel to the Lord, and he shall go before God, filled with the Holy Ghost, and with the power of Elias the prophet, to prepare a people meet for the Lord.’ Let us then, dearest men, hear how gloriously Saint John was filled with the power of the Holy Ghost when he was abiding in his mother’s bosom, and how he first attained to heaven before he reached the earth, and received there the Holy Spirit before he had a human one, and attained to divine gifts {or graces) ere he had the life of a man ; and he began to live in the presence of God before he himself might live, just as Saint Paul the Apostle said, ‘ I live not, but Christ liveth in me.’ And then on the sixth month that Saint John was received into his mother’s bosom (i. e. was conceived), then the child of glory descended upon the earth, and the heavenly glory filled the maidenly bosom (or womb) of Saint Mary. And when she went unto her cousin, the holy Elizabeth, forthwith the child leaped and rejoiced in the presence of his Lord, and from his mother’s womb saluted and greeted him [who was] in the Virgin’s womb ; and first strove to make him known and to proclaim him to men, before that he himself lived and saw the human (natural) light. 0 dearest men, what a zealous messenger and impatient leader was he, who would first proclaim the Lord coming on this earth before he attained to the mysterious formation of the natural birth ; and he first became a king (or leader) and grasped a weapon to fight with before he was endowed SEO GEBYRD S. JOHANNES j?iES EULWIHTERES. 165 ]?e he mid jjeere so|>f 8 estnesse stefne geliiered wees, & geweorj^od ; & he Drihten selfa swa on his godspelle be him cwaeb, ‘ To No one can sufficiently hwon eodan ge to westenne — witgan to secenne Ic liine secge declare the maran & selran }>onne senigne witgan for})on |>e nsenig menn- st. John, isc tunge ne geneah jjges acendan engles godcimd mfegen to gesecgenne. Eac spraec se heaheiigel Gabriel & cwae]) to Zachariam his feeder, ‘ Ne wilt J?u ]>e ondraedan Zacharias ; ])m ben is eallunga fram Gode gehyred, end |)in wif Elizabet ]>e gebere]? sunn, & ]?u cegst his noman lohannes, & Ipe bi^ J)onne hyht & gefea ; & manige on his gebyrd gefeo]?. He bi|? came in ^ eallinga swij?e mycel beforan Gode ; ne drinc]? he win ne ealu, P'j.'jy ac he bi^ gefylled mid Halgnm Gaste * on his modor bosme ; * p- 200. & manige Israhela bearna he gehwyrf]> to heora Drihtne ; & he gee]? beforan Gode mid Halgnm Gaste gefylled & Elian meegene |?ees witgan, Drihtne to geearnienne medome folc.’ Uton we J?onne, men J?a leofestan, gehyran hu swi|?e loflice Sanctus lohannes wses mid J? 8 es Halgan Gastes maegennni gefylled, ]?a [gen] ^ |?a he on his modor bosme wunigende wees ; & he eer to 1 very faint heofonum becom eerbon be he eorban eethrine, & beer Halgnm lie received Gaste onfeng eerbon j?e he menmscne heefde ; & bam god- before he had ^ ^ a human one. cnndnm gifnm he eer onfeng, eer]?on be he mennisc lif heefde ; & he ongan lifgean ongean God, eerbon |?e he him sylfnm lif- gean mihte ; swa Sanctufi Panins se apostol cwee}?, ‘ Ne lybbe ic, ac Crist leofab-’ Anna ben^® I’P syxtan monbe ]>ses ]>e Sanctus lohannes on his modor bosm onfangen wees, b^ b<^^ while in the womb he wnldres beam on bjsne middangeard astag, & seo heofencnnde jaiuted ins weoi'bnng *bop^® feemnlican bosm Stznc^a Marian gefylde. &*p. 201. ba heo b^- into bsere hire moddrian code b^ere halgan Eliza- bethe, sona ]>cet cild onsprang & ongean his Hlaford hyhte & hine of his modor bosme on b^e^e feemnan bosm halette & was he not a zealous and grette, & hine eer monnnm gecyban & gesecgan teolode, impatient ^ eerbon b® sylfa lifde & mennisc leoht gesawe. Eala men ba leofoston, hn ]>oet wees weallende spelboda & nngebyldig heretoga, se b^ ser bone Heel end on bysne middangeard cnm- endne gesecgean wolde, eerbon b© b^^e gerynelican gega- dernnge menniscre gebyrde onfenge ; & he eer to bam cyninge 166 THE BIllTH OF JOHX THE BAPTIST. with his bodily limbs; and he first sought to war before he saw the light ; and so in his birth he overcame all the laws of natural birth. Let us consider the exalted deeds of St. John who arose in his mothers womb in the presence of God’s Son, who himself again was not conceived after the manner of men. Though as yet he was delayed in this bodily birth, nevertheless he, in the Spirit alone, performed the ministration of the Evangelist ; and immediately he was brought forth and born, he restored voice (speech) to his father and unloosed the tongue from the bond of silence, with which the archangel had bound the father, because he did not believe his words. Great then is the glory of the holy St. John’s birth. And all right -believing folk ought to rejoice at his advent and to bless him, because the Scripture so spake concerning him, that many should rejoice at his birth. Great is the holiness and worthiness of St. John, whose greatness the Lord and Saviour himself pointed out. And it is made known that among those born of women there shall not be a greater man than John the Baptist [excepting only Christ] himself, who was without a human father, conceived by an immaculate virgin. St. John then will take precedence of all other prophets, and he surpasses the power of all other patriarchs in the apostolical government, and he surpasses in the exaltedness of his power the glory of all God’s other martyrs ; and among all God’s Saints he is more victorious and beloved. And all this natural race {or birth) is put out of view by St. John. Lo, we heard when Esaias the prophet was read, that the Holy Ghost thus spake concerning him, ‘ I will send my messenger before thy face, who shall prepare thy way before thee.’ Then that was a very exalted name by which St. John was called — ‘ angel;’ but his life was ordered like to his name because that he here on earth lived an angelic life. "When sinned [he in his food, since he lived] on roots and wild honey? Or SEO GEBYED S. JOHANNES \,MS EULWIHTEEES. 107 becom & wsepn gegrap mid to campienne, aer|)oii j?e lie to his lichoma[n] leomum become ; & he ser jjoiie fe}>an so[hte], £erj>on ]>e he ^cet leoht gesawe ; & he swa on jirere liis gebyrde oferswij^de ealle ee ]>isse menniscan gebyrde. Utoii we gesceaw- ian )ia healican gewyi’hto * Sanc^e lohaniies se j>8ere modor innojias ongean |)am Godes Sima aweahte, se Jiagen sylfa wses butan menniscan innojie ; & |)eah he )?a get latode on ])issiim lichomlicum gebyrde, hw8e]?re he on Jisem gaste aniim )?8es godspelleres jjegnimga gefylde. & son a swa he acenned waes & geboren, he ])am fa?der jia stefne ageaf jia timgan onlysde, ]ia se heahengel mid jijere swigimge feestnunga geband ]?one fseder, for]?on jie he his wordiim ne gelyfde. My cel is )>onne J?eos weorj)ung jises halgan Sancte Johannes gebyrde, & eal rihtgelyfed folc sceal gefeon on ]?one his tocyme & hine blet- sian, forjion ]>e ]>cet gewrit siva be him cwseji monige on j)a his gebyrd gefeon sceoldan. Mycel is se haligdom & seo weorjmng S(i?ic^e lohannes Jises mycelnesse se Hselend Drihteii sylfa taen ssegde ; & hit cuj> is ]>cet betux wifa gebyrdum ne wearjj mara mon geworden Jionne loliannes se fulwihtere * \^The top line is clipiml off.^ selfa se waes biitan menniscan faeder fra[m] imwemre faemnan acenned. S^nc^ws lohannes ]?onne gaej) beforan eallum o|?rum witgan, & ealra o]?erra heahfaedera maegen he oferstigej? on J:aem apostolican gewealde, & he on his maegenes weor|>unga oferswij? ealra ojierra Godes martira wuhlor ; & eallum Godes halgum he is sigefaestra & gecorenra. & call |ieos mennisce gebyrd Sanc^e lohanne bedyrned is. Hwaet we gehyrdon, j>a ]>a Esaias se witga raeden waes, \cet se Halga Gast swa ]?urh hine be Sanci5e lohanne cwae]?, ‘ Ic sende minne engel beforan jiinre onsyne, se grewe]> jiinne weg beforan |>e.’ \icet waes Jjonne swi|?e healic nama \ce.t ^anatu's lohannes ‘engel’ waes nemned ; ac \cet his lif Jiaem his naman waes gelice gegearwod, for|)on |?e he her on eorjian engelice life lifde. Hwanne gefy- * p. 202. He performed the j)art of an evangelist be- fore lie saw the light. We ought to rejoice on ac- count of his birth. * p. 203. St. John sur- passes all the holy martyrs. re node] He is called an ‘ angel,’ and his life was angelic. * p.204. [Top line cut be wyrtum & be wudu huiiige I o)?])e hwaer agylte he aefre on 168 THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST. where trespassed he ever in his clothing who was furnished with only one garment, which was woven of camel’s hair? Or how might any one be greater than he who always loved God all his life, and who never departed from the wilderness? Or how did the fault of much talkativeness defile him who was so far separated from all men? Or how did the sin of silence affect him who so strongly rebuked the Jews who came to him to hear his lore ? And thus he spake, ‘ Ye race of vipers, who hath showed you to flee from the wrath of God to come ? ’ And when the multitudes inquired of him what they might do to escape God’s wrath, he taught and admonished them with these words, and thus spake to them, ‘Let him that hath two tunics, give one to him that hath none; and let him that hath food give [to him that hath none. To the soldiers he said] ‘Do [no violence] and be thankful to the Saviour for your food.’ Let us then follow the lore of our exalted and illustrious protector [guardian], so that we may hear the gentle words of our Lord, which he shall say on the awful Doomsday to those men who now show pity to poor men, ‘I say you sooth, as long as ye did this to one only who believed upon me, though he were the least and the poorest, it was as if ye liad done it to myself.’ What more then shall I say of St. John, saith he who made this book, except that he first went before Christ ere that he himself was able to go before him. And the hearts of the father, mother, and son the same Holy Spirit filled with his grace — to whom is ever glory and honour, world without end, ever in eternity. Amen. SEO GEBYED S. JOHANNES pMS EHLWIHTEEES. 169 his gegerelan, se ]?e mid ])on aniim hraegle waes gegyrwed |)e of olfenda hserum awimden wees'? ojjjje hu inilite sefre eenig mara beon ]>e eefre God on eallum his life lufode ];onne se Jje neefre fram westenne ne gewat ? o|?]?e hwanne besmat bine seo scyld J^sere feala-sprecolnesse, )?one ]>e swa feor from eallum monnum adaeleed wees'? o|>j3e hii sce]?ede him seo synn ]>sdre swigunga pe swa stronglice ]>&j ludeas |>reade, ])e to him coman toJ?on hie his lare gehyrdon ; & he swa cwee]?, ‘Ge needd- rena cynn, hwylc eeteowde eow to fleonne fram ¥on toweard- an Godes erre?’ & hine ¥a ]>a heapas frugnon, hweet hie wyrcean mihton ]>cet hie Godes erre beflugon, he hie J^onne mid ¥issum wordum leerde & manode, & him swa tocwse^, ‘ Se Ipe heebbe twa tunecan, selle o^re ^am ¥e nane neebbe ; se ]>e mettas heebbe, do jjcei* Top line cut off. [wyr]cea^ ac wesa^ j^ancfulle ]?on Heelende eoweres andleofan/ Uton we ^onne j?iis healices & ¥us foremeeres ures mimd- boran lare folgian, we ¥one bylewitan cwide ures Drihtnes gehyran motan, ^e he on ¥am egeslican domes deege to ¥eem mannum cwi^, ^e nu on earmum mannum mildheortnesse ne ^ wyrcea^. ‘So^ ic eow secge, swa lange swa ge ¥is dydon ¥ara anum ^e on me gelyfdon, ¥eah hit se leesta wee re & se heanosta, \xjet wees swa swa ge hit me sylfum dydon.’ Hweet sceal ic ^onne ma secgean fram ^ancte lohanne, cwee^ se ¥e |?as boc worhte, buton \>(Bt he eer eode beforan Criste,- eer^aem |?e he beforan him sylfan gangan mihte ; & ¥ees feeder & ¥eere modor & ¥ees suna heortan se ilea Halga Gast mid his gifum gefylde, ^eem is simle wuldor & weor^ung on ealra worlda world, a on ecnesse. Amen. No faults of gluttony, vanity, slan- der, &c., de- filed him. He gave good advice to all who came to him. * p. 205. Let us follow the precepts of our Saviour and be kind to the poor. 1 The context does not re- quire ne. iro THE STOllY OF PETER AND PAUL. XV. THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. EAREST men, let us celebrate on this present day the passion-tide of St. Peter, the chief of Christ’s apostles, and [that of the apostle St. Paul.] . . . The first is the appointed shepherd of the Church at Christ’s hand ; the second is her instructor. The one is, I say, the first apostle ; the other the last ; — Peter before Christ’s passion, and Paul after his ascension. Both alike in belief, both happily received a crown of glory from our Lord, because in all their holy sufferings they con- tinued in true humility with an undoubting mind unto their lives’ end in the confession of Christ ; according as to them and to all true believers remaining so for his sake, and continuing undoubtingly in affliction, in true confession unto their lives’ end, the Lord Christ promised and said, ‘When ye shall stand before kings and high-reeves (rulers), and be in persecution for my sake, ye need not be anxious as to what ye shall speak. It shall be given you in that same time what ye shall speak. [Ye shall not speak of yourselves] but the Spirit of God your Father shall speak in you. Then the brother shall betray the brother to the heathen unto death, and the son shall be- tray his father, and the youngers shall rise against the elders, and shall torture them to death ; and they shall all be at enmity for my sake. Then whoso truly in fortitude and in the confession of my name shall continue unto his life’s end shall be safe and preserved for evermore.’ Dearest men, they continued then, according to Christ’s commands, firm in his love and belief unto their end ; and they stood before the heathen emperor Nero and Agrippa his vassal. Then, in spite of the devil’s malice and hell’s torments, they ever came off whole and sound, and suffered a wonderful death for God’s name, and now honoured, reign in glory ; and their memory still continues in the [world for an example to all Christian] folk, as we may now hear, SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 171 XV. SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS.’ i Tin^uticis in later liaiicl. /'TEN' leofestan, weor^ian we on ¥issum andweardan daege Sancte Petres Cristes apostola ealdormannes J^rowiing- tide, & * * p. 206. [Top line cut off.'\ apostoles, se is ojjer cyricean hyrde to Cristes handa, o|?er is st. Peter is _ . . the shepherd hire lareow. 0 ])er is, ic cwejje, se seresta apostol, ober se ofthecimrch; St. Paul is nelista ; Petrus ear Cristes jtrowunga, & Paiilus eefter his upa- her instructor, stignesse ; begen on geleafan gelice, begen wuldres beag set urum Drihtne gesseliglice onfengon, for|>on jte hie, on jteere halgan ]?rowunge ealra on Cristes so]?re ea|>modlicre andetnesse o]? heora lifes ende, untweogende inode jjurhwunodan ; swa him Both suffered Drihten Crist, eallum rihtgelyfdum niannum minigendum for chrlsL*’'^*^^ his noman, & |)urhwuniggendum in tintregum on so|>re andet- nesse o|> ende his lifes untweogendlice, geheht & cwae)?, ‘ ponne ge beforan kyningum gestondan & heahgerefum, & on ehtnessum for minuw naman, ne jmrfan ge noht besorgian hwaet ge spre- can ; eow weor]?e|> forgifen on ]}a sylfan tide hwset ge sprecaj? * p. 207. [Top line cut off.'] ac Codes Cast eowres Faeder se sprece]? on eow. ponne laewej? brojier o|>erne haejinum on dea|>, & sunn se laewe}? his faeder, & ]?a gingran arisa]? wij) jtain yldrum, & hie mid deajje ges- Christ fore- wencajj ; & hie beoj? on feounge ealle for minum naman. Swa disciples should suffer. hwylc )?onne so|)lice swa on elne & on mines noman andetnesse o|? his ende wuna^, se bi|) hal & genese]> on ecnesse.’ Men ]?a leofestan, jtonne jiurhwunodan hie faestlice sefter Cristes bebodum ’ on his lufon & geleafan o|> heora ende ; & hie stodan 1 ms. bebo- 1 c TVT A • 1 • dudum. beioran JNerone Jiaem hae])nan casere & Agnppan his geongran. Paui and pa woldan hie on ecnesse lisele & trume wi^ deofla ni|?um & ftood^^hefore helle witum, & wundorlice dea]) ge|?rowodan for Codes naman, Agdppa? & nu on wuldre geweorjiode rixiaj?, & heora gemynd v.mna]? on ]? 8 ere * * P' [Top line cut off.] 172 THP] STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. dearest men, of their sufferings, how they contended and strove against Simon the sorcerer. And for the confession of God’s name Peter was fastened to the cross, and his head turned downwards and his feet up, and St. Paul was beheaded. And when they entered Pome together he (Paul) related to him (Peter) what great shipwreck he had endured when he was seeking them, and was brought thither [to Pome] as a captive. And St. Peter related to him what machina- tion and reproaches Simon the sorcerer had contrived. Then they (Peter and Paul) gathered together their company against Simon the sorcerer. And one accused them (the apostles) to Xero, and then they were summoned to appear before him. And they greatly praise 8 em dry fsestlice gefliton & gewunnon. & for Godes naman andetnesse Petrus waes on rode Peter suffered death by cru- gefaestiiod, & him ^cet heafod waes adiine gewended & }>a fet cidyo» witii up ; & Paulus waes heafde beeorfen. & |?a hie to samne incoman, downwards, he him rehte hu myccle sciphrocu he gehad on |) 3 em si}?e ]>e he hie sohte, & waes |?yder raepling gelaeded : & Sa^^c^^ts Petrus him rehte hwylce searwa & yfel sacunga Simon se dry arefnde. pa gesamnodan hie heora weorod wib Simone baem drv, & hie Paul was be- lieaded. inon wregde to Nerone jjaem casere, & to his andweardnesse heht gestandan ; & hie Simon j>one dry swijje heredon.* [To]) line cut beforan baes folces mengeo. & Nerones wif Libia, & Agrippan Both apostles were opposed wif Agrippina to]?on swi]?e faestlice hie sylfe to Cristes lufan s^imou the & geleafan gecyrdon, ]xjet hie noldan leng heora hlaforda ne heora wera ^ raestgemanan secean ; & manige men of cynin- ges Jjegenraedene to Cristes jjeowdome gecyrdon jjurh Panics bodunga, swa ^oet hie to his healle ne to his hirede eft wendan noldan. Da wear)? Simon se dry eallunga avveht wi|? ^am simou pre- ^ T-> tended to do apostolum & gelaered ~^cet he feala yna saegde, & \>cet Petrus marvellous works, and so bigswica wsere ; & him gelyfdon ealle J)a men |?a jje Simones deceived the wundordaeda wafodan, forjton |?e he Jjurh dreocraeft worhte aerene naeddran, & hie styredan, & staenene manlican & aerene, & hie hie styredan & union him sylfe, & wurdon faeringa up on )?aere lyfte gesawene. & ongean jjam Petrus * * p. 210. [Tojp line cut off.] mid anum worde, & blinde men mid his bedum gehaelde ]>cet Peter per. formed real hie locodan, & deoflum behead hmt hie of deofolseocum mannum miracles, and told the people utferdon, & he ba deadan sylfe fram deadum mannum awehte, to beware of ’ ^ ^ Simon’s de- & saegde eallum folce ]^oet Simon dry waere, & hie laerde \(Et ceit. hie fram his bigswice cyrdon. Ond Jta gelamp \>cBt ]^mt ealle aefaeste men onscunodan Simon }?one dry, & hie hine scyldigne saegdon. ponne saegdon ]?a men |)e Simone folgodan Petrus waere dry, )^oet ilce ^oet Simon him sylf waes, & cyjfdon \>cet mid leasre gecy})nesse mid ]fon dry. pa sona swa \(xt word beconi 174 THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. reached the Emperor Nero, then bade he Simon the sorcerer to be brought before him ; and as he stood there he suddenly turned into a young child, and immediately afterwards to an old man . . . and through the devil’s aid he turned himself into divers forms. And when Nero saw this he thought Simon was the Son of God ; then Peter said that he was a false sorcerer and a shameful and guilty deceiver, and in all his works an enemy of the true God ; and that there was need of nothing more than to render his wickedness manifest by God’s power. Then went Simon to Nero and said to him, ‘ Hear me, worshipful emperor ; I am the Son of God, Avho came down from heaven, but I have up to this time suffered great injury from Peter ; my harm is now twofold, since Paul himself teacheth the same and striveth against me, and speaks the same and preaches with him (Peter). Wherefore, then thy kingdom may no longer stand, except thou do the more diligently take thought for their destruction.’ And then he (Nero) became angry . . . gathered together ; and commanded that on the following day all three should come in before him. Then said Simon the sorcerer, ‘These are the disciples of the Nazarene Saviour. It repents them that they are of the Jewish race,’ Nero said, ‘Who is the Nazarene P Simon replied, ‘There is a city in the land of Judea, called Nazareth, from whence came their teacher.’ Then said Nero, ‘God instructeth and loveth every man; why persecutest thou these men P Simon said, ‘ These are the persons who frustrate all my works with their words, so that folk should not believe in me.’ Then said Nero, ‘ Why were ye two or your kin so faithless P Then said Peter to the sorcerer, ‘ Thou wast able to teach thy false crafts to all other persons ; but God, through me [convicted them of falsehood ; and strife against me thou] hadst, and now thou thyself knowest assuredly of yore that thou couldest not overcome me. I marvel that thou shouldst boast at such a time before the king that thou, through thy sorcery, art able to overcome Christ’s disciples.’ Nero said, ‘ Who is the Christ Peter answered, ‘ It is he whom this sorcerer declares himself to be [the Son of God] ; yet it is not so, but he (Simon) is man’s servant, and his SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 175 to Nerone bsem casere, ba lieht lie Simon bone dry infeccan Simon turns into a young beforan hine. & )>a ]>a. livvile |?e he |) 8 er stod, he vvear}> fseringa before geong cniht, & sona eft eald man * p. 211. \Top line cut offi\ man, & brsed hine on feala bleona }>urh deofles Jiegnunga. pa Neron |?a \>cBt geseah Jia wende he ^cet hit Godes Sunn waere. ponne saegde Petrus ]>oet he waere leas dry, & sceand & scyldig ae swica, & on ealliim Godes daedum rilites wijierbreca ; & naenges jiinges mare jiearf naere |?onne mid Godes maegene his unriht yppe wurde. pa eode Simon into Nerone & cwaeb to him, He said timt ^ ^ ^ ^ ’lie was the ‘ Gehyr me dugojia casere : ic eom Godes Sunn }?e of heofonum of astag, ac ic adreah mycel broc o}> |)is mid Petre ; nu is min yfel twyfeald, nu Paul us ^cet ilce ]aere|>, & wi|> me Hite}) & ^oet ilce sprece]) & mid him boda)i. ponne for|)on ne maeg jiin rice leng stondan, buton |m heora forwyrde jie geornor ]?ence/ & he |ia wear^ * * p- [Top line cut off.^ geheapod, & heht ojire daege hie ealle |?ry in beforan hine. pa cwaeb se dry, ‘ pis syndon baes Nazareniscan Haelendes begnas, to ap- J) 8 em ofjiyncej? [xjet hie synd ludea folces.’ Neron cwae]?, ‘ Hwaet bi^ se Nazarenisca P Simon cwae}>, ‘An ceaster is on ludea lande, hatte NazareJ?, of J^aere com se heora lareow.’ pa cwaej) Neron, ‘ God rnana]? aelcne man & lufaji, to hwon ehtest J?u ]?as men P Simon cwaej>, ‘pis is ^oet mennisc ]?e ealle daeda mid heora wordum onwendan, ^oet hie me ne gelyfdon.’ "oj^ertr pa cwaej) Neron to Petre, ‘ For hwon waeron gyt swa treowlease, son oTooIi? oj)|)e incer cynn h ’ Da cwaej) Petrus to j)am dry, ‘ Eallum oj)i*um mannum j)U mihtest j)in unriht befaestan, ac God j)urh me j>a of* * [Top line cut haefdest, & nu j)U sylfa wast genog geare ^aet j)U me oferswi^an ne miht ; me j)yncej) wundor mid hwylcere yldo j)u sceole beforan cininge gylpan j)urh j)inne drycraeft ^oet j)u maege Cristes begnas oforswiban.’ Neron cwaej), ‘Hwaet is se Crist?’ Petrus Nero asks J ^ . who Christ is. cwaej), ‘ Hit is sej)C j)cs dry Simon saga^ j)oe^ he sy ; ^onne nis hit swa, ac he is ^aes mannes [cjniht, & his weorc syndon 176 THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. works are diabolical. Wherefore then, thou worshipful king, if thou wilt know what was done concerning Christ in the land of Judea, order Pilate’s letter to be brought to thee, which he sent to the Emperor Claudius concerning Christ’s passion. And he then commanded it to be brought and to be read before him. And it read thus : ‘ Pilate greeteth Claudius his lord. Now, it lately happened that I myself discovered that the Jews tiirough envy among themselves and were at enmity. Assuredly, according to. God’s promises, they and their fathers had their prophets, who prophesied that God would send them from heaven his holy Sou, who should rightly be called their King ; and that by means of a pure virgin he would send him into this world, to the inhabitants of the earth. And of this each ruler in Judea was a witness that the Hebrews’ God came thither, and people saw him giving light to the blind, cleansing lepers, healing the lame, driving out devils from men, raising the dead, commanding the wind to be still, going dry-footed over the waves of the sea, and working many other marvels. Then all the people of Judea said that he was the Son of God, and perfectly recognised the fact. Then the chiefs of the priests became envious of him, and seized him, and to me continually [complained of him .... that he had broken their laws] and acted contrary to their folk-rights (customs). Then I believed them that it was as they said ; then I scourged him, and delivered him unto their own jurisdiction. They then hanged him on the rood, and when he was afterwards buried, they set guards over him ; and on the third day he truly showed himself whole and sound to my soldiers, and rose from the dead. And the Jews’ malice burned so greatly that they gave money to the guards and thus said, “ Say that his (Christ’s) disciples took away his body and stole it from us.” And | afterwards those tliat had received the money were nevertheless unable ! to conceal what had happened ; but they told me what they had first seen j and also that they had received money from the Jews. And I resorted , to these words, lest otherwise anyone should lie, and that thou shouldst ^ not think it needful to believe the leasings of the Jews.’ As soon as i the letter was read, then said Nero, ‘ Tell me, Peter, did it all happen ^ SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 177 deofollicu. pu ))onne, dugo|)a cyning, gif }>u witan wille liWflet be Criste gedon waes on ludea lande, hat |)e niman Pilatns serendgewrit be he sende to Claudio bsem casere ymb Cristes r’eter teiis })rowunga. & ba heht he don swa, & rsedan hoet gewrit beforan for iMiatc’s * * ^ letter to him ; & hit |?us cwee]?, ‘ Pilatus gretej? Claudium his hlaford. Claudius. Nu niwan gelamp j>ce^ ic me sylf onfand \^cet ludcas hie sylfe J)urh eefeste him betweonon * * p. 211. [Tajp line cut off.'] & feodan ; jjonne witodlice |?a hie heora hsefdan witgan on Codes gehatum & heora fsederas ]>cet witgodan, \cet him heora God wolde sendan of heofenum his |?one halgaii Sunn, se }>e heora cyning mid rihte genemned weere, & him ]>cet }mrli claene fsemnan on jjas world sendan wolde to eor])wariim ; & ])0es })a seghwylc heahgerefa wees gewita on ludeuni \oet Ebrea God come hider ; & moii geseah bine blinde onlyhtende, & hreofe claensian, & laman gelacnian, & deofol of mannu^ri drifan, & deade aweccan, & windum stilnesse bebeodan, & dry gum fotum The people gan ofer saes y]?a, & o])re wundro manega wyrcean. pa cwae|) recognised eal ludea folc \oet he Codes Sunu waere & ^cet fulfremedlice the son of God. onciieowan. pa genaman him aefest to j)a ealdormen })ara sacerda & hine sylfne oferfengon, & me symle * * p- 215. [Top line cut off.'] & wi|j heora folc rihte feala worhte. pa gelyfde ic him \>oet hit waere swa hie saegdon ; beswang hine ]?a & to heora sylfra dome ageaf. Hie J)a hine on rode ahengan; & |)a he bebyrged wees, settan him hyrdas to. & he ^a so¥lice minum ceapum ^ ^ ? cempum. hine halne & gesundne % ^riddan daege aeteowde, & of dea^e aras ; & ludea ni^ to^on swi^e barn ^mt hie feoh sealdon The Jews put j?aem weardum, & swa cwaedon, ‘ Secga^ ^cet liis }>egnas gere- death through afodan his lie on us «fe forstaelan.’ & sy]?J?an hie ¥aet feoh on- fengon, ne mihtan hie hwe^re forswigian ^cet |>aer geworden wees ; ac hie saedon me ^cet hie ]>a aerest gesaAvoii, & eac ludea feoh onfengon. & on ¥as word ic becom J>e laes )>e o^re wisan aenig man Icoge, & |>u ne wene \>mt ]>u ludea leasungum gelyfan |)urfe.’ pa sona j>a pcef gewrit araeded waes, ba cwae|> Neron, 12 178 THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. to Christ as the letter declares T St. Peter replied, ‘It is all exactly so, I lie not ; but thou, good Emperor, .... [Simon] is so de- ceived and overcome by leasings, that he even imagines that he is not man, but believes that he is that which God is. But in Christ alone is accomplished the fulness of all victory ; and [that was done] through the manhood that he took upon himself — that is, the gi'eat and incomprehen- sible mystery which through his manhood was made finite [or was limited] for a help to men. But there are in this Simon two powers, man’s and the devil’s ; and through this his human element he hinders men in re- gard to every g’ood thing.’ Then said Simon to St. Peter, .... ‘I marvel on account of this reproach I’ ‘ Thou, good Emperor, wherefore shouldst thou esteem for anything this unlettered and falsest fisherman, endowed with no ability — neither in word nor in manners '? "Wherefore I will no longer spare these enemies, but I will now bid my angels (messengers) to come and avenge me [on these men.]’ Then said Peter, ‘I fear not thy angels, but they may fear me, on account of the power of my Lord who is with me, and on account of the protec- tion I know to be in him, with respect to whom thou, lying, sayest thou art that wdiich he is.’ Then said the Emperor, ‘ Peter, fearest thou not Simon, who truly manifests his divinity 1 ’ Then the blessed apostle St. Peter answered, and thus said, ‘ The presumption of divinity is in him who perceives and knows the intentions of men, and searches and lays bare all the secrets of their hearts. But let him tell me now, if he be God, what I think, or what I shall do. The same thought I have told to thee before he lie, that he may not dare to lie to thee, or say what I think.’ Nero said, ‘Come hither nearer to me, and tell me what thou thinkest.’ Peter said, ‘ Let a barley-loaf be brought and given me secretly,’ [And Nero bade men to bring it] and to give it St. Peter. Then said Peter, ‘ Now tell me, Simon, whether what has liere been thought, or spoken, or done, be good.’ Then said Nero, ‘ How wilt thou that I should believe that Simon does not know this. SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 179 ^ Saga me, Petrus, wees hit eal swa swa ]>cet gewrit sasg^ J)urJi * hiue gewordeiiP Sajic^its Petrus cweej), ‘Eal hit is swa, ne leoge ic ; ac }>u goda casere * * [Toj[> line cut offi\ leasingum beswicen & ofercumen, ^cet he weue|) fiir}x)ii \>mt lie simon, Bays man ne sy, ac wenep» \>cet he sy \oe,t |)c God is ; ac on Criste i>ase (icceiver. anum is ealles siges fyliies j^urhtogen ; & ]?urh )?one man |ie he on hine sylfue onfeiig, \>(jet is se myccla msegenjjrym & se un- begripendlica, se ]?urh J)one man gemedemod wdes mannum to helpe. ponne syndon on ])yssu??i Simone twa speda, mannes & deofles ; & he Jjonne men gsele]? selces godes ])urh his |)One menniscan dael/ pa cwseb Simon to Sa^ic^e Petre, ‘ For teonan Simon ^ tlirtatei.s the me ]?inc]? wundor; |)U goda casere!’ ‘to hwon ]ju sceole for owiht ‘-iposties. |?ysne man habban ungelseredne fiscere ])one leasostan, & nawjjer ne on worde ne on gebyrdum mid naeiiigre mihte gewelgode ? ponne nelle ic jjyssum fynd leng arian, ac nu ic bebeode minum engluni hie cuman & me * ♦ p. 217. {^Tof line cut offi\ witnian.’ pa cwseb Petrus, ‘Ne ondrsede ic me })ine englas, ac Petw says that he is hie magon hiwj me ondrsedon, for |?on msegene mines Drihtnes not^afraid )?e mid me is, & for Jjsere byldo ))e ic to him wat, on |)one ])U i^geis. leogende sagast ]>cet ]>u sie he is.’ pa cwse}) se casere, ‘ Ne ondrsedest ])U j?e Simon Petrus, se ]?e his godcundnesse mid Bojjum wisum geryme|>.’ tliin |?a andswarede se eadiga apostol S^^^^c^^ts Petrus & )?us cw 8 e|>, ‘ On ]?am is godcundnesse wen \>q iie pro.>oses to test manna ingehygd wat & can, & heora heortena deagol ealle Simon’s ^ divinity. smea|) & rimej) ; ac secge me nii gyf he God sy, hwset ic ]?ence oJ)|)e hwset ic do. pone ilcan ge|>ang^ ic jje ser ssede, ser he ^ leoge, ^cet he ]>e leogan ne durre, o|>|)e secge hwset ic jjeiice.’ Neron cwsejj, ‘ Gang me near hider, & sege me hwset })U ]?ence.’ Petrus cwse]?, ‘ Hat me bringan berene hlaf & me degollice syllan*’ *p. 218. & syllan ^a 7 icte Petre. pa cwse)? Petrus, ‘ Secge Simon me nu, gif he god sy, hwset her si gejjoht o|)be gecweden o|>J)e gedon.’ Da cwse|> Neron, ‘ Hu wilt |)U ic gelyfe ¥set Simon |>is nyte, 12—2 180 THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. who previously raised to life a dead man, and being beheaded, after the third day he raised and manifested himself? And he did all that I said he should do/ Peter said, ‘ He did not so do before me/ Hero replied, ‘ Before me, standing here, he did all this ; indeed, he bade angels come to him, and they came.' Peter said, ‘ But why doth he who did the greater act not now do the less ? Let him say what I think and was doing.’ Then said Hero, ‘ I cannot judge between you two.’ Then Simon said, ‘ Let Peter say what I think.’ ‘ When Simon shall perform what he hath thought of, then I will show that I know beforehand what he thinketh.’ Simon said, ‘ How know, O Emjoeror, that no man knows men’s thoughts except God himself. Peter pretends that he knows them.’ Peter said, ‘ What ! thou sayest that thou art the Son of God; say then what I think, or declare what I do in secrecy. Declare it now, if thou art able to show it.’ And Peter had then blessed the barley-loaf which he, too, had received, and brake it in two, and put it up his two sleeves. Then was Simon wroth, because he wag not able to reveal the apostle’s secret. Then spake he with a loud voice and thus said, ‘Let great dogs now come forth and bite him before this Emperor.’ And then suddenly there came forth hounds of a wonderful bigness, and rushed on the apostle ; and Peter stood in prayer with outstretched hands, and showed to the hounds the loaf Avhich he had previously blessed, and they forthwith vanished away, and vrere nowdiere to be seen. ‘How I show thee by my deeds,’ said Peter to Hero, ‘ and not by Avords only, that I kncAV beforehand wdiat Simon thought, Avho indeed promised to send angels against me, but brought hounds against me ; and he plainly showed that he never had any dmne o?' god-like angels, but dog-like angels.’ Then said Hero to Simon, ‘ How is it noAv, Simon ? I Aveen that Ave tAA'O are A^anquished ;’ and he turned himself to Paul, and addressed him, thus saying, ‘ What sayest thou, 0 Paul ? ’ Then Paul answered him and thus said, ‘ KnoAv thou, good Emperor, that a great evil shall come upon thy kingdom, if thou permittest this sorcerer to hold SAvay any longer, and thus much evil to Avork ; and thy kingdom shall fall because of his lore.’ Hero said to Simon, ‘ ^\hat sayest thou, Simon!’ Then said Simon, ‘Except I openly SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 181 sc^e deadne man ser awchte, liiiie sylfne bcheafdodiie refter ^on ^ridan doege eft geondweardodiie, & cal ic gecwasj) \>cet he don sccolde, call he \>cet dyde.’ Petrus cwae}^, ‘ Ne dyde he ))a wisan beforan me.’ Neron cwae|>, ‘Me setstondcndum he })is Nero speuks of Simon’s eal dyde ; witodlice he lieht englas him to cuman & hie conian.’ mimeica. Petrus cw3e|), ‘ Ac for hwan ne dej) he \mt Ifcsse nu he mare dyde, secge he hwset ic j?ence & dyde.’ pa cwse}’ Neron, ‘Nil ic inc geseman ne mgeg.’ Simon cwsej), ‘ Secgge Petrus hwaet * ic }>ence ;’ ‘ ))onne Simon de}> ^cet he ge]?oht Iiafa]?, jjonnc * p. 219. gecy|?e ic \cet ic wat ger hwget lie J^enceji.’ ‘ Nu/ cwge]? Simon, ‘ wite })u casere \cet manna gejiolitas ngenig mon ne wat, buton God selfa. Petrus begge]? he hit wite.’ Petrus cwge}), ‘ Hwget |ni cwist ]^cet |m sy Godes Sunu, sege })onne hwaet ic ]ience, o}>)jc hwget ic do on deglum gerece. Nenin nu gif jui hit gereccean maege.’ & Petrus haefde |>onne |?one lilaf gesegnod jie he onfeng berenne, & hine tobraec on twa, & bine gedyde on his twa slefan. pa wear^ Simon erre, forjion |?e he araedan ne mihte Simon is !iot • ulile to re - jiaes apostoles degol. pa cleopode he liludre stefne & jnis cwgej?, veai ‘ Cuman nu myccle liundas forb & hine abitan beforan byssum was proposed ^ _ as a test of casere.’ & }>a faeringa coman }>ger hundas for}? on wundorlicre P°wer. mycelnesse & rgesdon on }?one apostol; *& Petrus stod on ge-*p-220. bedum a]?enedu[m] handum, & eowode |?8em hundum }?one hlaf simon eaiis . 'I’s hounds to be he ]?aer aer gesegnode, & hie j?a son a onweg gewitan & nahwaer bite Peter. ^ ^ ^ They vanish ne geteowdon. ‘ Nu ic cyj?e mid dgedum,’ cwaeb Petrus to at the sight ^ ^ ^ of l)read tliat Nerone, ‘ nges mid wordum anum, hmt ic wiste aer hwget Simon been J?ohte. Witodlice se |?c englas gehet wi}? me to sendenne, nu he brohte hundas wi|? me ; & \>cet cy|?de swutollice \cet he ngefre naenige godcunde englas neefde buton hundlice englas.’ pa cwaeb Neron to Simone, ‘ Hwaet is hit nu, Simon '? ic wene wit Paul teiis Nero that if syn oferswibede.’ & cerde hine ba to Paule, & ahsode hine & bus be listens to f ^ Simon, evil cwaeb, ‘Hwaet cwist bu, PaulusP pa andswarode him Paulus wiii over- & bus cwaeb, ‘ Wite bu, goda casere, ]>cet mycel yfel weaxeb on kingdom, binum rice, gif bu laetest leng bysne dry rixian * & bus mycel * p- 221. yfel wyrcean, & bin rice for his larum gefealleb-’ Neron cwaeb Simone, ‘Hwaet cwist bu, Simon P pa cwaeb Simon, ‘Buton ic openlice gecybe \>oit ic God sylfa sy, ne omnun bu me nanre 182 THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. show that I am God himself, deem me worthy of no honour.’ Nero said, ‘ Why delayest thou that which thou shouldst at once do, if thou be God — that is, cause these men to be tormented and killed'?’ Simon said, ‘ Order to be made for me a high tower of great timbers ; then will I ascend to the top of it and summon my angels and command them, while you are looking on, to bear me up to heaven unto my hither. And if they do this then mayest thou perceive that they (the apostles) are false and unlettered men.’ Then said Nero to Peter, ‘ Peter, hearest thou what Simon says ? No>v it shall be full soon made known how much power thy God hath.’ Peter replied, ‘ Hearest thou, best of emperors ? If thou wilt, thou inayesl perceive that Simon is possessed of the devil.’ Then said Nero, ‘ How does the con- sideration of or attention to these words compel us ? (or how does it affect us?) we shall determine to-morrow.’ Then said Simon, ‘Thou know^est that I was dead and on the third day arose from the dead ;’ for Simon had previously by his sorcery said to Nero, ‘ Order my head to be cut off in darkness, and if I do not arise from death the third day, know then that I am a sorcerer. But if I should arise, know thou by that token that I am the Son of God.’ And subsequently Nero commanded all this to be done, in the dark, when he (Simon) was to be beheaded ; and the man brought it (the head) forth to the light, as was bidden him that should behead him, then was it discovered to be a sheep’s head ; but he would not tell it to the king, lest he should accuse him of having too negligently taken heed to that which he did in the dark. He put away the limbs and the head of the sheep, and [the traces] where the blood had [in a mass] extended around ; and then he [Simon] showed himself to Nero on the third day, and said unto him, ‘ Order my blood to be cleansed (or wiped) away and to be dried up from thence, because I was beheaded, and now on this third day arose, as I previously said and promised before thee that I would do.’ And after that Nero believed in him. And he then turned to Paul and said, ‘ Wherefore, Paul, speakest thou not?’ Then St. Paul replied to him and said ‘Weenest thou that I shall speak to this faithless man and to this unbelieving sorcerer, who hath encompassed the death of his own soul, whereby ruin, leasing, and deception very quickly cometh upon him, because he makes himself to be what he is not ? And he deludes people with his sorcery, so that they believe his words. If thou wilt hear his words SPEL BE PJ]TRUS & PAULUS. 183 are wyrj>nc.’ Neron cwiejj, ‘ Ac to liwon yldest j>u ^(jet }>u rajjost do, ffif bu God sy, hcet man has menu witniece & cwelle Simon sinmn orders ® ^ ^ ^ a higli tower cwse]?, ^ Hat |ni me anne healme tor of mycclum Ijeamiim ge- to be made, timbrian, j?oiine gestige ic ofer |>one, & gecege mine englas, & bebeode him eow ealliim tolociendum ; hie me on heofenas beraj? to minum faeder. & gif hie Jjonne |;is gedon magan, ]?u ongytest \>(Bt liie syndon lease & unlserede men.’ pa cwsej> Neron to Petre, ‘Gehyrstu, Petrus, hwaet Simon cwi]?'! Nu bi|> ful raj)e cu}> hu mycel meegen ])in God hafa}>.’ Petrus cwae}?, ‘ Gehyrstu, *betsta casere ? gif ]>u wilt, |?u mibt ongytan ])ce^ * p. 222. Simon is mid deofle gefylled,’ pa cwae}^ Neron, ‘Hwaet sceolan us, o|)])e hwget do}> us })ara worda ymbj^onc ? Tomorgenne we beoj? gesemde.’ pa cwge]? Simon, ‘ ]>cet ])U wast ]>ait ic waes dead, & |)y J)riddan daege fram deadum mannum aras for]jon Simon ser mid bis drycrseftum cwae|? to Nerone, ‘ Hat me beafde beceorfan on }?eostrum, & gif ic ne arise fram deajje How a sheep’s jjy jiriddan dsege, wit |m |)onne ]>cet ic eom dry. Gif ic ]?onne arise, wite |?u be |?on ^cet ic beo Godes Sunu.’ & |?a syj>|ian het Neron })is eall swa gedon on j^aem jieostrum, J)a he }ia sceolde beon beafde becorfen ; & se man bit for}? brobte on leobt, swa Jafs^'^imseif him beboden waes ]>cet hi bine bebeafdian sceolde, }>a waes bit gemeted scepes beafod; ac be * noble \>{(jetY |)am cininge secgan, *p. 223. |?e [lae]s^ be bine sylfne forwregde \ 03 t he to ungeorne bewiste \ hwaet be on |?eostrum dyde. Adyde ]>a leomu & \>oet beafod on weg jises sceapes, & ]?aer blod to samne geraec. & }?a seteawde he bine Nerone |?y })riddan daege, & him to cwse|>, ‘ Plat gefeor- mian min blod & Jjonon adrygan, for])on |?e ic waes beafde becorfen, & nu on ]>yssum ])riddan daege aras, swa ic aer beforan ]?e saegde & gebeht ic don wolde.’ & he }?a Neron him seo|)|)an gelyfd. Oncyrde bine j?a to Paule & cwaej? to him, ‘ Forbwon [n]e sprecst |?u, PaulusF |?a andswarede him Sanc^ws Paulus & cwae}?, ‘ Wenstu ic sceolesprecan to |?issum treowleasan men &: to }>issum orwen- an dry, ]?e bis sylfes sawle bafa}? dea}?e geteobbad, |?a 8 s forwyrd & leasung & forleornung swi}?e ra}?e cymj? to him, }?e be hine sylfne dej? to ]>on |?e he nis. & bysmra}? men mid bis dreo*cra^fte ])ce^*p. 221. hie his wordum gelyfa]?. Gif }?u wilt bis wordum byran & bis 184 THE STOKY OF PETER AND PAUL. and fulfil his behests, thou shalt lose thy kingdom and thy own soul. This is the worst of men, who through the devil’s wisdom deceiveth many unwary men with his temptations. Wherefore thou shouldst pray the Holy Spirit that what he is may be soon manifested and revealed. Verily, as quickly as he himself thinketli that he shall be raised to heaven, so quickly shall he be drowned in the lowest torments of hell, where shall be ever weeping and lamentation, and gnashing of teeth. Then concerning the lore of my Teacher, of which thou ques- tionest me, there may no others receive it save those alone who prepare themselves for it with pure belief. I ever taught peace and God’s love through Jerusalem and many nations. First I taught that men should love one another, and that each should show respect to another. I taught rich and illustrious men that they should not be exalted in pride, nor trust too much in transitory riches, but that they should put their trust in God alone. I taught also the moderate men that they should be frugal in their living, and moderate in their dress ; and the poor I taught to have joy of their poverty and to be thank- ful to God. I taught the fathers that they should teach their sons the law of the Lord’s fear ; and I taught the sons to be obedient to their elders and parents. And I taught landowners to pay their taxes carefully. I taught wives to love their husbands, and regard them with fear. And I taught husbands that they should remain faithful to them alone, as they would that one should do to them ; because God taketh vengeance on the husbnnd if he committeth adultery with other women, and just so the husband taketh vengeance if his wife defiles herself. And because God is the Creator and Ruler of all his creatures, I taught lords that they should faithfully be obedient to God as to their Lords, and should minister to God’s churches. And I taught all men that they should serve one almighty, incomprehensible, and invisible God. And this lore was given me not by men, but by God himself. Jesus Christ, and the Father of Glory sent me forth for preaching, and thus said, Go thou, I shall be the spirit of life within thee, and in all who rightly believe in me and in Christ the Saviour ; and I will justify all that thou stiyest.” ’ Ihen was Nero affrighted on account of those words. SPEL BE PETIIUS & PAULIJS. 185 "bebodii Irestun, |>u forleosest J)in rice & })iiies sylfes feorh. pis is marina se wyrresta be burh dcollcs wisdom manif'e imware Pfi”' 'le- ' ^ noiii!ces(!()d’s men beswiceb mid his costuiiQ'um ; by bu sccalt biddan bone ji'‘iKnient.s J o ^ j j upon Simon. Halgan Gast \x^t mote been rajie open & onwrigen hwfct be sy. Witodlice swa swijie swa he weneji sylf \>oit he sceole to heofenum ahafen weor])an, swa swi|ie he bi}> bedyped on |)a neojiemestan belle witu, jjser bij> a wop & hrop & to|>a gristbitung. ponne be })£ere lare^ mines lareowes ]ie [)u me befrune, ne magan Jioer '^ oiyinaiitj naenige o{?re men onfon, biiton ]?a ane }ie mid claennm geleafan hie to ]>yem gegearwia|>. Ic Iserde simle sibbe & Godes lufan ymb j?a burh Hierusalem & manige ))eoda ; aerest ic Iserde \ioit men lufodan hie him betweonan, Sc aelc on o}>runi * arwyrjinesse * p. 225. wiste : ic laerde wlance men & heahgebungene hie ne f’aui teiis ^ & r & r Nerowliat astigan on ofermedu, ne ujigendra welena to wel ne trnwodon, ah \cet hie on God senne heora hyht gesetton. Ic Iserde eac ]?a medstrangan men \xjet hie wseron on heora biwiste & on medmyclum hrregle gehealdene ; & jiearfan ic laerde ]>cet hie heora wa3dle gefean luefdon & Gode j^ancodon. Faederas ic laerde ]xjet hie heora bearnum ]?one jieodscipe laerdon Drihtnes egsan ; & suna ic laerde \cet hie hyrdon heora yldrum & heora m^um ; & landagende men ic laerde ^cet hie heora gafol mid gehygdum aguldon ; & wif ic laerde \oet hie heora weras lufedan Sc him ege towiston ; & ic Iserde weras \cet hie be him anum getreowlice hie heoldan, swa hie willan \oet him man do, & forjion |ie God gewrecj? on jjaeni were gif he iin- rihthaemed fremej? wiji o|?er wif, Sc swa se wer hit wrece}? gif his wif hie forhealde}). *For|ion \>q God is Scyppend Sc Reccend ealra his gesceafta, & hlafordas ic laerde hie getreowlice Gode hyrdon swa heora hlafoidum, k jieowdon Godes ciricum : & ic laerde ealle men ^^cet hie beeodan anne ^Imihtigne God unbegripendlic[n]e & ungesynelicne God. & }>eos lar me wses seald naes na for mannum ac jiurh God sylfne. Haelende Crist & wuldres Feeder he me to bodimga sende & jjus cwaeji, Gong j)u, ic beo lifes gast on }ie Sc on eallum rihtgelyfendum on me Sc on Haelendne Crist ; & call ic gerihtwisige |?u cwist.” ’ pa waes Neron afyrhtcd forjion wordum & hine oncyrde to message he has en- fieavonred to deliver to tliose to whom lie has preached. * p. 22c. He says that he was com- manded to do 80 by God. Nero is frightened. 186 THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. and turned liimself to Peter and said to him, ‘\Aliat sayest thou, Peter?' And then he replied, ‘ All these words that Paul speaks are true. Many years have now elapsed since our bishops through all the Roman empire sent me a letter, and bore testimony to his purity of life and to his lore. He was aforetime a persecutor of Christ’s law. Then a voice from heaven called to him and taught him the truth.’ After this were many contentions until Peter said, ^ One Almighty Grod, God the Father, with Jesus Christ, and with the Holy Ghost, the Creator of all creatures whom I preach, who made heaven and earth and sea and all things which are therein — He is the true King, and of his kingdom there is no end.’ And after that Kero commanded a great tower to be made of wood and of large timbers, and ordered that all the people and all the honorable ones of the Roman people should come to see this spectacle. Then on the following day Hero bade Peter and Paul to be brought to this spectacle, and said to them, ‘ How may the truth itself be made manifest.’ Peter and Paul replied, ‘ God himself will yet make manifest [the truth] though we two are unable to reveal it.’ ‘My mode of action is,’ said St. Paul, ‘to bow my knees. Thou mayest beseech of Gotl whatever thou wilt against this sorcerer’s at- tempts, because thou wert earlier chosen by God.’ And then Paul did so, and bowed his knees and prayed. Peter beheld Simon and said, ‘ Begin what you intend to begin, because there approaches both the revelation of thyself, and the testimony {or clearing) of us two ; for I see my Christ summoning me and Paul.’ Hero said, ‘ Whither may ye two go from iny will?’ Peter said, ‘Whither our Lord inviteth and calleth us (two).’ Then before all the people Simon, crowned with laurel, as- cended the tower and, with outspread arms, began to fly in the air. As soon as Hero saw that he said, ‘ This man Simon is true, and speaks the truth, but however ye two, Peter and Paul, are deceivers.’ Then said Peter unto him, ‘ Without delay thou shalt know that we two are the true servants of Christ, and that this man is not Christ, but a sorcerer.’ Hero said, ‘Will ye two still continue in yom* obstinacy? and yet ye now see him going through the heavens.’ Then Peter looked to Paul and said, ‘ Raise up thy head and see this that Simon does.’ SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 187 Petre & cw8e|> to him, ‘ Hwset cwist }>u, Petrus 1’ pa cwce}) peter bears he, ‘ Ealle })a word sint so])e jje Paiilus sseg]?. Manige gear tiie truth of T - , . 1 1 -r^ • Paul’s asser- syndon agan nii seo|t]?an ure bisceopas geond eal Komana rice tion. an to me gewreoto seiide, & me * be his clsennesse cy|)de & be * p- 227. his lare. Waes he ser ehtere Cristes ae ; jta gecegde hinc s'tefn of heofenum & hiue sojjfaestnesse laerde.’ ^fter Jtyssum waeron manegu geflitu, o^]>cet Petrus «cwae};, ‘An God ^Imihtig, God Faeder on Haelendum Criste mid |?on Halgan Gaste, Scyppend ealra gesceafta, ]?one ic bodige }?e geworhte heofen & eor^an & sse, & ealle ]>a, ])ing |>e on ]>aem ]?rim syndon, se is so}> Cyning & his rices nis naenig ende.’ Ond J)a aefter {ion het Neron Nero causes a Iiigli tower ' gewyreean mycelne tor of treowum & of mycclum beamu??i, Sc to be made, bead \>cet eall ^cet folc come to jtisse sceawunga & eal seo dugoj? Pomana folces. pa o|?re daege heht Neron Petrus & Paulus to ]?issum weeferfeonum gefeccean, & him tocwaej), ‘ Nu mseg so^ hit sylf gecy]?an.’ Petrus & Paulus ewaedon, ‘ God hine onwryh|? gyt, jteah J?e wit hine ne geopenian/ ‘ Min gemet is,*’ cwae|i Paulus, ‘ ic bege mine cneowa. pu miht aet*p. 228. Gode abbiddan ^cet |)U wilt wi^ jiaes dryg onginne, forjjon Jni aer gecoren waere fram gode.’ & Jta dyde he swa Paulus, & begde his cneowa & hine gebaed. Petrus beheold Simon & cwae|>, ‘ Ongin ^cet J)U onginnest, forjjon nu nealaece|> aegjter ge |?m onwrigennes ge uncer gecyjmes, for)ton |?e ic geseo minne Crist cigendne me & Paulus.’ Neron ewaej), ‘ Hwyder magon gyt gangan from minum willan.’ Petrus ewae]?, ‘ pyder J?e unc mon la]?a]> & ceg]? uncer Drihten.’ pa beforan eallum j^aem folce astag Simon on jione torr, & ajjenedum earmum, mid lawere gebeagod, ongan fleogan on ]ta lyfte. Sona swa Neron \cet geseah, j^a ewaej) he, ‘ pes man is sojtfaest & sojisecgende Simon, ac jionne hwaejtere git Petrus & Paulus sindon bigswicon.’ pa cwae|) him Petrus to, ‘Buton yldinge ]?u wast ^cet wit syndon so|)e Cristes ^eowas, & }>es man nis Crist *ac is drj*^’ Neron * p. 229. ewae]?, ‘ G}H git jtiirhwunia^ on incre anwilnesse, & nu git geseo]? hine geond heofenas feran.’ pa locode Petrus to Paule & ewae]?, ^of ‘ Rsere up J)in heafod & geseoh ]>is ]>ca^ Simon dej?.’ pa ahof Paulus up his heafod. pa waeron liis eagan gefyllede mid 188 THE STORY OF PETER AND PAUL. Then Paul raised up his head, and his eyes became filled with tears, and he saw Simon flying. Then said lie to Peter, ‘Why ceasest thou, Peter] Accomplish what thou didst begin ; surely our Lord Jesus Christ will manifest to us his power.’ Wlien Nero heard that, he smiled, and said, ‘Now these men see that they are overcome. They are mistaken now.’ Peter said, ‘ Now it will be very soon shown to thee that we two are not in error.’ He then looked up towards Simon and said, ‘ In the name of God Almighty, the Creator of all, and of Jesus Christ, who arose from the dead on the third day, I conjure you, ye devil’s angels, who bear him in the air in order to deceive unlielieving men’s hearts, that from this time forth ye no longer bear him, but leave him.’ And immediately they left him, and he fell upon the scaffolding by the paved street which is called Sacra via, and burst asunder in four parts. Then afterwards men took the scaffolding away, and laid down four stupendous stones in the same place, for a memorial and a witness of the apostles’ victory, unto this present clay. Then Nero commanded Peter and Paul to be kept in fetters, for he thought that Simon would arise on the third day. Peter said, ‘ This Simon will never arise, because he is truly dead, and condemned to eternal torments.’ Then Nero bade them to keep Simon’s body three days. He expected that he would rise again on the third day. He inc|uired of Peter, ‘ Who gave thee permission to commit such a crime ! ’ Peter replied, ‘ If thou wilt understand and consider how much he lied, [you will see] that he perished lest he should blaspheme me towards God.’ Nero answered, ‘ Ye two have acted hostilely towards me, and I Avill requite you with an evil re- compense.’ Peter said, ‘Thou sayest now wholly what thou wilt, but what is not promised shall be finished,’ Then said Nero to Agrippa his provost, ‘ These are malicious men ; there is much need that they should be destroyed, and that they should be slain with iron poles and swords in a certain place, and be caused to perish with tortures.’ Agrippa said, ‘ Thou biddest them to be punished in a shameful manner, but it appears to me a more unguilty (excusable) mode to cut off his (Paul’s) liead without any other torments. And Peter, since he is guilty of murder, and also malicious, order him to be bound to the cross.’ Then said Nero, ‘ You decide in the best manner.’ Then Peter and Paul were led from Nero’s presence, and Paul was SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 189 tearum, & lie geseali Simon fleogendiie. pa cwoeb he to Pctre, Poterami o T, Fuul U-holcl ‘To liwan aoliimest bii, Petrus i Frcme iiu forbon hcet hu Simon flying ^ tlm air. onguiiiie. So}lice unc gecy|)e}i ure Drihten Hselend Crist his maegen.’ pa Neron gehyrde, |;a smercode he & cwaej), ‘Nu j?as men geseo|> \^oit hie syiit ofercumene ; dwelga]? nu }>a.’ Petrus evvaej), ‘Nil swijic rajie }?e bi^ cuj) \.mt wit ne dwelgaj?.’ Locode Jia up wi^ Simones & ewae}?, ‘ Ic eow halsige scuena englas, They pray to ge |?e hine on Jjaere lyfte bera|) to beswicenne ungeleaffulra sorcem ’s devils let him manna heortan, burh God yElmihtigne ealra Scyppend & burh drop ami he hnr.sts to Hselendne Crist, se |)e on ^one ]?riddan daeg fram deajje aras, pieces, ic bebeode \cet ge hine *of ]>isse tide leng ne beran, ac hine 230. anforlsetan.’ & hie |)a sona hine forletan, & he gefeol on ]ione stocc be jisere stsenenan strsete ]>e is haten Sacra uia, & toliaerst on feower deelas. Da genaman men eft J>one stoc on weg, & feower syllice stanas on Jjaere ilcan stowe alegdon, to gemynde Four stones . . are jdaced & to cyjmesse )>ses apostolican siges o|? Jiysne anaweardan dseg. there to com- memorate the pa heht Petrus & Paulus on benduin healdon, wende \cet he event. Simon arisan sceolde Jiy ]?riddan dsege. Petrus ewas]?, ‘ pes Simon ne arise]? nsefre, for|?on ]?e lie is so^lice dead & on ecum witum geny|?erod.’ pa heht Neron healdan Simones lie ]?ry dagas, wende ]>mt he sceolde eft arisan ]?y jiriddan dtege. Ahsode }?a Petrus^ ‘ Hwa lyfde |?e ]?u swylce scylde gefremedeste % ’ Petrus ewaej?, ‘ Gif }?u wilt ongeotan & ge]?encean hu mycel hine beleah \>mt he losode, ]?e laes he me yfel sacode * wi^ God.’ * p. 231. Neron ewsej?, ‘ Erre mode git me gedydon & ic hit mid yfelre Nero . . threatens the bysene me torgylde. Petrus cwsej?, ‘ Pu cwist nu ealles \cet apostles. (Su wilt, ac \>oet ungehaten is sceal beon geendod.’ Da ewasj? Neron to his burhgerefan Agrippan, ‘ Das men syndo[n] sefestige ; hit is mycel ned^earf h[ie] man forspille, & mid irenum ]nslum & ordum hie man slea in anr[e] stowe for niman mid witum.’ Agr[ip]pa cwsej?, ‘ Ungerisnre bysene “Su hatest Agrippn hie witnian, ah me }?ynce|? unscyldiglicre J?cc^ him man heafod to crucify of aceorfe buton o¥rum witum. & Petrus ¥onne, forbon J?e he behead Paul, is mansleges scyldig & eac sefestig, hat hine on rode gebindan.’ pa cwsej? Neron, ‘On ¥a betstan wisan J?ii dem[est].’ Da wseron gelsedde Petrus & Paulu[s] fram Nerones gesyhj?e, & Paulus 190 THE STORY OE PETER AND PAUL. beheaded in the Ostensian Way. When Peter came to the cross he said, ‘ Turn my head downwards, for my Lord and Saviour Christ came down from heaven to earth, [and] he was upraised on the true cross. Then because he invitetli me from earth to heaven, therefore shall my rood be inverted ; my head shall be turned to the earth, and my feet stretched towards heaven. I am not worthy that I should be so fastened [as Christ was] on the Cross.’ Then turned they at once the cross, and fastened his feet up and his head downwards. Then came there together an innumerable multitude, and cursed the Emperor Nero and reviled him ; and they were so hot-heartedly wrath that they wished to burn the Emperor alive. Then Peter rebuked them and said, ‘Now, a few days ago the Pomans intreated and advised me to depart hence away, then came Christ unto me in the way, when I prayed to him, and inquired, “ Whither wilt thou go ? ” “ My Lord, I will go (return) to Rome.” Then he said tliat I should subsequently at another time there be hanged on the cross. Then turned I hither afterwards to Rome. Then said Christ to me, “Thou hast no need to be afraid, for I am with thee until I lead thee into my father s house.” Then, dearest men, hinder not my departure, now my feet go the heavenly way ; be not sad but rejoice with me, for now to-day ye see accomplished the results (fruits) of my toils.’ And when this was spoken, then he said, ‘ I give thanks to thee, Christ, thou good Shepherd, because these sheep that thou hast committed to me, compassionate me. I pray thee that they may be participators of thy graces with me. I commit to thee the flock thou didst give me that they may not perceive that they who have thee are without me. Through thee I [was able] to control and to direct this flock, [but] now am unable to do so.’ As soon as he had spoken these words he sent onwards his spirit. And forthwith there appeared two men whom no man had ever before seen, or afterwards might see, who said that they came from Jerusalem, and had followed on his (Peter’s) account. And they secretly took his body and deposited it in the tomb by Naumachia, and put it in the place called the Vatican. And then said they to all the people, ‘Rejoice and be glad, because ye have supplied [to you] great protectors.’ And know ye also, ye who are God’s friends, that Nero, SPEL BE PETRUS ^ PAULUS. 191 ■\v[ces] beheafdod on Ostensi |)aem wege. Potni[s] *cw 0 g|>, he >xp. £sa. com to ]) 0 ere rode, lie cwse]), ‘ Weiida[) min lieafod ofduiie, for^on Paul was beheaded in be min Drihten Hcelend Crist of lieofemim adune to eorban theOsteusian way. astag, he wees on rilite rode iipaliafen ; ]>onne for|jon }>e he me of eor|>an to heofenum la];a|), ]>y sceal imii rod onwended boon ; min heafod sceal been on eor}>an gecyrred, & mine fet to heofenum gereahte. Ne eom ic jises wyr]?e ic swa on rode gefaestnod beo.’ pa wendon hie sona |?a rode, & faestiiedan ]ia fet up & Peter was crucified wiUi hcet heafod ofdune. pa eoman beer tosamiie unarimedlico the head downward. meiigeo & wyrgdoii Neron }ione casere, & him yfel cweedon ; & hie weeron to })on hat-heortlice yrre jiaet hie woldan jjoiie casere cwicenne ^ forbsernan. pa styrde Petrus him & )>l!fcwLie. cwsej), ‘ Nil for feawum dagum me beedon & leerdon llomaue \earft J>u J>e ondraedoii, for|)on |?e ie eom mid jie, ic ]?e ingelicde on mines Feeder hus.” ponne, men }ia leofestan, ne gaele ge minne si^, nil mine fet gonga^ on heofenlicne weg ; ne beo5 ge nu unrote, ac gefeo|> mid me, forjjoii jie ge geseo}> nu todaege minra gewinna waestm gefullian.’ & j)a j>is gesprecen waes, }>a cwae]? he, ‘ pane ic do, Crist |m goda hyrde, for|)on };as sceap me efen- Jirowiaj? jia |m me befaesttest ; bidde ic ]>e ]HBt hie syii daelnim- ende }>inra geofena mid me. Ic befaeste |?e nu ^cet eowde \>cet J)U me sealdest ^cet hie ne onciieowon |)ce^ hie buton me beon, |>a |?e habban. purh Jie ic |)ys eowde styran & rilitan, nu ne maeg.’ Sona swa he ]?as word geewte}?, he his *gast onsende ; & sona *p- 234. . Angels took aeteawdan twegen weras |)a |)e naeire aer naeiiig man ne geseali, ne away Peter’s . 1 • TT- hodv and aefter ]?on geseon ne inihte. Pa ewaedon \oit hie 01 Hierusalem hmied it. coman & for him folgedan ; & genama,ii deogollice his lie & gedydon on |iruh hi Nawmachian, & in ]ia stowe asetton Jie TJaticanus hatte ; & }ia ewasdon hie to eallum folce, ^ Gefeop g©; Sc wynsumiaji, forjiori |>e micle mun[d]boran gegearwod habba^.! & witc ge eac pe Godes frynd synd \>cet Neronem |?ysne 192 THE STORY OP PETER AND PAUL. this worst of kings, after the murder of the apostles, became hated by his army, and at enmity with the Roman people, so that they openly decreed that he, in the place of torture, should be scourged until he died, as was his desert. ... As soon as that decision reached him, great fear fell upon him so that he nowhere afterwards appeared to men. There were some men who said that wolves tore and devoured him in the woods, where he, having gone astray, lay stiff witli cold and hunger. Then Greeks took the bodies of the holy apostles, and would take them into the East. Then there happened a great earthquake ; and all the Roman people deposited the bodies in the place of the Catacombs by the Appiau Way, three miles from the city of Rome ; and there their bodies were kept for a year and seven mouths, until they had built the places in which their bodies now rest. And their bodies were then with befitting hymns deposited therein — first, Peter s body in the place called the Vatican, and St. Paul’s in the Ostensian AYay, two miles from Rome ; where the mercies of God are prepared for those who visit those bodies by their prayers, [and] for those men who determinedly {or steadfastly) cease from their sins and iniquities, and make full confession to God and to their confessors, and by their [the shrivers’] decision amend, and never afterwards turn to iniquity. Then receive they forgiveness of all their sins from our Lord, who liveth in the eternal glory, with the Father and Son and Holy Ghost, eternally, world without end. Amen. SPEL BE PETRUS & PAULUS. 193 wyrrestan ciiiing aefter jjai'a apostola cwale, lie becom on hatiinga his lierges & on feoimga Romana folces, swa hie openlice ^cet gesetton he on witnunge stowe swa lange swungen w£ere lie swjlte, swa his geearnung wjes, Sona swa him ge]ieaht tocom, J/a feol him ege o[n] ]^(Et he*p- 235. nahwaer seobban mannum ne ^teowde. Sume men ^v 0 eron be . ^ J * pensned, ssegdon ^cet hine wulfas abiton & fr^ton, ]^r he mid cyle the^woods** & mid hungre on wndum dwolgende astifod Isege. ponne genaman jiara haligra apostola lichoman Greca[s] & woldan Isedon on Eastrice, pa gewearb mycelu eor}>styr[ung], & eal folc Romwara befeng ]?a lichoman on b^ere stowe Catacumbe by wege be hate Appia, brim milum fram Rome byrig. «fe b*r waeron gehealdene heora lie an gear & seofan monab, obb<^^ hie getimbredon b^ stowe b® heora lichoman nu onres[ta^]. & b^ waeron heora lichoman ge \^The tojp line is clip'ped?^ *ldrlicmn^ lofsange, & hie hi on asette merest Sc^J^c^e Petres p- 23®. lichoman on b^ere stowe be nemned is Uaticanus, & Sanc^e Panics be b»eni wege Ostensi, on b^ere tefteran mile fram Rome, body £ in peer beob gegearwode Godes mildheortnessa b«em be b^ licho- andX^pJurs man seceab b^irh heora gebedo, jisem mannum pe heora synna ostifnsiL Sc unrihtes fsestlice geswicab, 8c hie Gode Sc heora scriftum fullice mUes from geandettiab, Sc be heora dome betab, & sibb^n ngefre to unrihtum ne gewenda^ ; onfob hie forgifnesse ealra heora gylta get urum Drihtne on b^em ecan wuldre se leofa^ mid Fseder & mid Suna & mid b^em Halgan Gaste in ealra worlda world abuton ende on ecnesse. Amen. 13 194 A FRACxMENT. XVI. A FRAGMENT. TAor it often happens that his property coineth into the power of those whom he previously worst treated in this life, sometimes into the wife’s power, sometimes into the husband’s. And then one will not do anything profitable for his soul, of his gold, silver, or earthly riches, if he previously will not distribute the best portion to God for himself whilst he is alive here. When this man’s soul goeth out of his body, who preferred to have his possessions rather than the love of God, then neither the adornment of those gems, nor any of those gold ornaments with which previously his body was superfluously adorned, will help the soul of him who loved earthly acquisitions more than he did his spirit or our Lord who created him. Then shall all earthly joys, the great speeches, excessive drunkenness, the vices and the impious boasts, which he once loved, all turn to mourning with him, because that he would not previously perceive his future death and the great awe and the horrible Doomsday. ‘ My brother,’ said St. Paul, ‘ consider now this saying, “ Behold whatever of thy possessions here in the world seem sweetest and dearest, of them shalt thou give God his portion, who previously gave it to thee.” If thou wilt not do that, after thy death it shall be very bitterly requited thee.’ For he is a very foolish and unwise man in his lifetime who loveth this earthly wealth, and loveth not God who gave it him. All man’s friendship is very transitory and very illusory ; for our parents die and very often go from us, but he who getteth God’s friendship never need think that it shall become changed towards him, but [it] shall for evermore eternally endure. A FRAGMENT. 195 XVI. A FRAGMENT. * T^or|)on oft hit gesselej) ^cet his sehta weor|)a|> on }) 0 es onweahle * p- 237, J- \>e he £er on his life wyrrest ujje, hwilum })urh wifes geweald, hwilum )?nrli weres ; & mon j^onne nohtes wyr|)e his ^ tho^Je saule ne de)j ne his goldes, ne his seolfres, ne his eor)jwelena, ,'Ise°anJof it gif he ser nele |?one selestan dsel for hine sylfne Gode gedaelan, onarsour^^ )?a hwile |>e he her on life hi]>. ponne jjses monnes saul ut of his lichoman sgange|>, ]>e him weeron ser his sehta leofran to hsebhenne j)onne Godes lufii, |?onne ne gefultmia)? jjsere saule ]?ara gimma frsetwednes, ne |>ara goldwlenca nan |)e his lichoma ser mid oforflownessum gefrsetwod wses, & ])a eor}>lican gestreon swi]?or liifode |)onne he his gast dyde, o}?))e urne Drihten )?e hine gesceop ; Jjonne weor|?aj) him ealle })a eor|;lican gefean, j^ys & Jja mycclan sprseca & ofordruncennessa, |:>a hleahtras & |^a t^mournhig. arleasan gylpas * j?e he ser lufode, weor{>a|7 him }>onne ealle * p- 238. on heaf gehwyrfede, forjjon |)e he ser nolde ongytan ])one to- werdon dea]?, & jjone mycclan ege, & |)one hifigendan domes dseg. ‘ Bro|?or mine/ cwsej? Sanc^tts Paulus, ‘ ongytaj) nu Jjysne cwide, loca hwset |?e sy her on worlde swetast & leofast gesewen Jjinra sehta, J?ara |?u scealt Gode his dsel a geofan J)e hit ]>e ser sealde. Gif ]>u ]>cet ne wilt don, sefter |?innm deajje hit weor|7eJ> |)e swi|?e bitere forgolden ; forjjon hi]> swij^e dysig man & unsnottor on his life, se ]>e lufaj) J?as eor|?lican welan & ne lufa|? God ]?e hit him eal sealde. Manna freondscipe hi]? swi|;e hwilwendlic, & swijje scendende ; for])on ure yldran swultan Sc swibe oft ns from wendan, ah se be Godes freondscipe hegyteb, God’s friend- ^ sliip will last ne )?eari se nsefre wenan ];cet he him onwended weor]?e, ac a for ever, ece standej?. 13—2 196 THE DEDICATION OF ST. MICIIAEl’s CHURCH. XVII. DEDICATION OF ST. MICHAEL’S CHURCH. XAearest men, the honour and the blessedness of the festival of the high and holy archangel, admonisheth and reniindeth us that we should say somewhat concerning the blessed memory of him who is to be honoured and glorified throughout the world in his church, con- secrated both by his own work and by his own name. And thus it first appeared and was made known to men. She [the church] then shineth not in the beauty of gold and silver, but in especial privileges, through divine power, standeth glorified. She is also in outward appearance of a bad hue, but within she is honoured with everlasting virtue. It may easily be that the holy archangel should come from heaven and should be mindful of men’s infirmity, so that he conde- scended himself to found and to make her (church) with his own hands, so that mortal men might there yearn for the citizenship on high and for the everlasting fellowship. The holy Church of St. Michael is situate upon the high summit of a mountain, and appeared in the form of a cave (or cell). The church (stands) upon the borders of the land of Campania. Then in the neighbourhood towards the sea named Adri- atic, there is a very famous city (situate on the hill Garganus), called Sepontus. Then measured from the city’s 'W’alls up to the high summit of the high archangel’s church, of which I previously spoke, there are twelve miles ; and she (the church) stands flourishing in bliss and in joy. The same holy book, that was found and discovered in the churcli, first showed and made known this church. It is recorded therein that there was in the city a certain noble man called Garganus, prosperous in wealth before the world, who bestowed upon the hill the same name by which he was called. The man possessed great wealth ; TO SANCTAE MICHAllELES 1\L1::SSAN. 197 XYII. *TO S.4/YCrAE MICHAHELES M^SSAN. "I\ 1 EN leofestaii, maiiajj us & mynga)? seo ar & seo eadignes ]? 0 es hean & )?8es ha[l]gan healiengles tid, we hwaet hwugu be |)£ere bis eadgan gemynde se |)e is on ealra ymb- hwyrfte to weor|)ienne & to wuldrienne his ciriceaii, geliwejier ge his agen geweorc ge on bis naman gehalgod ; & }>us gerest mannum seteawde & gecy|>de. Heo |)onne nalles on goldes wlite & on seolfres ne seine]?, ac on sundorweorjjimge ]?urh godcundra maegen heo gewuldrad stoiide}?. Heo is eac on The cimrch onsjTie utan yteles heowes, ac heo is innan mid eee msegene is not much geweorjjod. Swa hit ea|?e beon mseg \ce,t se halga heahengel outside, of heofenum cumen wsere, & wsere gemyndig manna tydder- nesse, \o&t he bine geea^medde he hie mid his sylfes handum gesette & geworhte, to jjgem }^cet he woide ^oet ])8er mihten dea]>lice men gyrnan ]>ara iiplicra biirhwara & J?aes ecean geferscipes. ponne is seo halige cirice Michaeles geseted on jjsem hean cnolle sumes muntes, on sergefes onlicnesse waes it is uke a geteowed ; J?onne is seo cirice on Campania ]?8es landes *gemgero. * p! 24o. Donne is ]?ger on neaweste sum swij?e meere burh bet will baere it is situated on the borders see seo is nemned Adiiaticus on baem munte Garganus geseted, of Campania, ’ ^ on tlie moun- se is haten Sepontw-5. ponne syndon from jiaere burge weallum twelf mila ametene up to }?aem hean cnolle, ]?e ic aer big saegde, })aes hean engles ciricean ; & heo mid gefean & mid blisse grow- caUeTsepon- ende stande]?. Das circean heo ])onne }?us aeteowde & gecyjide aet fruman seo ilce hoc seo on jiaere ciricean funden waes & gemeted. Segej? jiaeron sum rice man & for worlde a'hts|)e- dig waere on }?aere burh |?aes nama waes Garganus. Se welega man J;aem munte gesette |)one ilcan naman swa swa he hatte. Se man ahte mycelne welan ; mid }>y |?e |?as welegan mannes imgcen- 198 THE DEDICATION OF ST. MICHAEl’s CHURCH. when that these endless hosts and innumerable multitude of neat and mani- fold cattle of the wealthy man increased and flourished to such an extent that he had with his flocks spread and extended as far as the mountain-plain ; then it happened that a bull despised the company of the other cattle and abode solitary in the desert, and at last returned [not] to the herd and to the cattle and to their lair. The bull despised the drove of the herdsman and abode in the wilderness, at the door of a certain cavern. When the master was informed that the bull in such arrogance had' gone as far as the desert, he was enraged because the hull, as it seemed to him, had insanely gone over the spacious moun- tain. Then he gathered together a great host of his men, and turned his course through the woods and sought for the proud bull ; then at last he found it on the summit of the hill, and saw that it stood at the door of a cave. Then was he greatly moved with anger, be- cause it had gone about so madly and had behaved so arrogantly. Then he took his bow and bent it and then with poisoned arrow began to shoot towards where he saw the bull stand. Then as soon as he let fly the arrow there came a very great gust of wind in his face so that the arrow was immediately turned back and shot that same wealthy man by whom the arrow was previously sent, so that he died forth- with. When the citizens saw that, they became greatly terrified because of the marvel, for such a wonderful thing they had never seen before. And they durst not then approach the place where they saw the bull stand. There was at that same time, in that city of theirs called Sepontus, a holy bishop. Then they visited him and told him of the marvel and asked his instructions as to what they were to do about it. Then he instructed them, and counselled them that they should fast for three days, and desire of St. Michael that God would make known what was concealed and kept secret from men. When they had done [as was bidden them] in fasting, psalm-singing and in alms, then at night there appeared to that same bishop the high and the holy arch- angel Michael, and he meekly and kindly spoke to him, thus saying, ‘ Worldly and wisely ye acted when ye sought of God in heaven that TO SANCTAE MIClIAllELES M.ESSAN. 199 dod word^ & unannied mengeo on hryl>i’um & on manigfealdum ^ read wcorud. ceapuin geweox & gewridode, to|?on \>oet he waes geond })8es muntes feld mid |?y feo oferhrseded & bebeaht ; pa gelamp An nm uiy iHill belonging \)(Xt sum fearliryjjer J)ses oj^raes ceapes geferscipe oferhogode, to Garganus & him gewunode he waes geond westen sundor-genga, & ])a aet nehstan eft hwyrfende waes to})aem yrfe & to |)aem ceape & to heora gesetum.* He ]?a se fear |?aes hyrdes dnife p. 241. forhogode & him on \xjet westen gewunode to sumes scraefes dura. Da \xjet se hiaford geahsode ^cpA \>(Bt hryjjer swa on wlencu geond ]>oet westen ferde, })a forbealh he hine for}>on }ie ^cet hryjjec him |>uhte onweden-heorte ]?e jjaer swa ferde geond |)one widgillan munt. pa gesamiiode he myeel weorod his manna & hwearf aefter wegum ge buton geond )?one wudu, & sohton ^cet forwlenete hry|.'3er. Da gemette he hit aet nehstan it was found . , , upon a knoll on ])8es muntes cnolle, & geseah \>cBt hit stod an ^ sumes of a moun- tain. scraefes dura, pa waes he mid yrre swiSlice onstyred, for^on i ? |>e hit swa wedende code, & swa ofermodlice ferde. pa genam he his bogan & hine gebende, & ^a raid geaettredum strade ongan sceotan wi|? j^aes )?e he geseah hry{?er stondan. Da G.yganus sona mid |?an j?e se strael on flyge waes, |>a com swi"6e mycel >t. but a ^ wTndes blaed foran ongean, hcet seo stra l instepe wear^ eft blew the ar- gecyrred, & ^a J^oiie ilcan welegan mon, })C heo aer from sended waes, he sceat, ^cet he sona dead waes. Da gesawon ¥a burgware, ^a wurdon hie swi¥e forhte for ¥aeni faere }?e heo naefre swylc wundor ne gesawon. Ond j?a ne dorstan hie * p. 242 . })aere stowe genealaecan |)e hie ]xet hry|)er gesawon aet ston- dan. Da waes on |)a ilcan tid on j^aere lieora byrig se waes haten Sepontus halig biscep. pa gesohtan hie hine & him The people |>aet wundor saegdon, & hie hine lare beahsodan, hwaet him of the bishop, jjaes to donne waere ; ]?a laerde he hie & him to raede bind \cet hie |>ry dagas faeston, & to S^^>^c^e Michaele \xjet hie wilnodan ]>cet God gecyj^de manimwi bemi^en waes & bedigled. pa hie \cet gedon haeftlon ge on faestenne, ge on sealmsange, ge on aelmessan, ^a waes }>aem ilcan biscepe aetiew- st. Michael anpears to ed on niht se hea & se halga heahengel Michahel, & him |)a bim. ea^modlice & luflice tospraec & )?us cwae^, ‘ Weoroldlice & 200 THE DEDICATION OF ST. MICHAEl's CHURCH. wlucli was hidden from men on earth. Know thou also that the man who was shot with his own arrow, was so by my will. And my name is Michael. I am the archangel of heaven’s King, and I ever stand in hi» presence. I tell thee now that I especially love this place here on earth, and I have chosen it above all others, and will also show by all those tokens that befall there that I am especially the creator and guardian of that place.’ When that was told and made known to the citizens, they, very glad and rejoicing, with their bishop visited the place ; and after their manner they prayed earnestly to the living God and to the holy archangel Michael. And to God they humbly offered gifts. And they saw there two doors in the church, of which the south door was somewhat greater in form. And as yet they were not able to pass over the cave, as the path where they should go was precipitous, before they had enlarged and completed the ascent. But each day they were occupied earnestly in their prayers. At the same time the Neapolitans their neighbours as yet were erring in heathen customs and served devils. Then they began to challenge the citizens of Benevento and Sepontus, as these two provinces were named, to single combat, and despised scornfully their land and made them no amends for it, but arrogant hostility and threatening. Then their holy bishop instructed and advised them that they should perform a three days’ fast and manifold alms and holy psalms ; and that they should entreat protection and help from the archangel Michael, as the most faithful guardian, that they might frustrate and overcome the machination of their enemies. Then, at that same time, the heathens shamefully and wickedly invited their false gods with various idols to aid them. Then at the same time the blessed angel Michael appeared in a vision to their bishop, and promised them future victory, and said to them that their prayers were heard of God ; and he instructed them that they in the morning, at the third hour, should prepare to set forward against their enemies. And he also promised them that he himself would be a spectator of their proceedings and would be there TO SAXCTAE MICHAHELES MiESSAN. 201 wislice gedyde }^oetie niannum bedigled wses on eor^an ^(jet ge baet on heofenas to Gode sohtan. Wite bu eac \>oet se inon ife rra^ses ' them forseeU- se bser mid his a^enuni strccle ofsceoten wses, ba hcH uses i"g heavenly . . . , ^ ^ . counsel. mid minuin willan gedon ; & min nania is Michael ; ic eom heahengel Heofoncyninges & ic on his gesih]?e siinle stonde. Secgge ic |je nu. eac ]>cEt ic onsundrum stowe her on eoi-^- an lufige, & ofer ealle o|?re ic hie geceas & eac gecyj^e on ealluTTi *¥8eni tacnum )?e Jjser gelimiie^, ic eom ^sere stowe *p. 243. on sundran scyppend & hyrde.’ Da ^aet wses ]jus gesprecen Hesaystiiat & gecyred, hie ba |ja burgware swi|)e blibe & gefeonde mi- 1 that place abo>e all J?on heora halgan bisceope j^a stowe sohtan, & J>a sefter heora others as its gewunon \>£er )?one lifgendan God & )?one halgan heahengel Michael meagollice gebaedon ; & Gode |)8er ea^modlice lac onssegdon. & hie jja ^ser twa dura sceawodan on ]? 0 ere ciric- ean ; ^ser waes seo suMuru hwset hwega hade mare. & ]?a gyt hi ne mihton ofer laet scraef swa swae^-hlype ]?aer hi gon- gan, sermon hie gerymdon }?one upgang & geworhtan. Ac hie daga geh^\wlce geornlice ]?ser ute heora gebedum set fulgon. On ])‘d ilcan tid Neapolite ¥a heora nehgeburas ]>d J>e |)a giet on hse^nuwi jjeawuwi dwelgende wseron, & deofluin hyrdon. Hie ba ba burgware Beneuentius & Sepontanus hatton, ba The Xrapoii. ^ ^ ® ^ ^ ^ tans declare twa leode, hie ba ongunnon anwigges biddan & heora land to "ar against bismere oferhergodan, & him ¥ses nsenige bote dydon, buton ofermodlice wig };reatunge. Hie ]>d Iserde se heora halga t5enevento. bisceop, & him to rsede faiid ^cet hie dydon j^reora daga fsest- en & manigfealde * selmessan & halige lofsangas, & to ^sem * p- 2-1^. heahengle Michaele, swa to ¥aeni getreowestan mundboran, The bishop advised ttieia hie him frufre & fultomes wilnodan, hcpj hie moston ¥ara to seek help feonda searo beswican & ofercuman. pa on j)a ilcan tid |?a archangel, lut^nan bysmerlice & synlice heora j?a leasan godas mid mis- licum deofolgeldum hie him la]?odan on fultum. pa on ¥a ilcan tM wses se eadiga engel Michahel setiewed ])3em hera bisceope on gesih|?e, & him sige toweardne geheht, & him ssegde hcEt heora bena wseron set Gode gehvrede, & hie Iserde st. Michael * answered ¥set hie set bsere briddau tide on morgenne hie foi'¥ trvmedan prayei-s ' ' '' favourably. ougean lieora feondum. & him eac geheht, ^cp.t he wolde him 202 THE DEDICATION OF ST. MICHAEL’s CHURCH. with them for their succour. They then, very glad and joyful in the morning, proceeded against the heathen. And they knew by the angel’s promises both of their victory, and of the flight and destruction of the heathens. Then immediately at the beginning of the fight the mountain on which they should fight was overtaken with horror and dread ; and a fierce storm arose from the mountain, and the summit of the mountain was all overhung with a dark mist. Then flew the lightning like fiery arrows against the heathens so thickly that they in no wise were able to look towards it because of the lightning’s blaze. Then was fulfilled what the prophet had foretold. And he praised the Lord and thus said, ‘ Qui facit angelos suos spiritus et ministros suos ignem urentmn' ‘ Sometimes the same God sendeth his angels’ spirits as messengers, at other times he sendeth [them] by a flame of fire,’ Then the heathen people tied, and in part the lightning killed them, and in part the Christians harassed them with their weapons, and overwhelmed them, until they had severely vanquished the Neapolitans, and the heathen folk who left their city half dead, and had destroyed those whom the dangers and distresses had spared. Then was it manifested to us Christian people that the angel of God had come for succour and for protection ; and forthwith all meekly did obeisance to the King of kings, to Christ himself. Then all the heathen folk yielded to them, and lived according to the lore of Christians and received baptism ; and they truly perceived that God’s angel had come there for a help and protection to the Christian people. And while the Christian folk were well considering this, then saw they and reckoned that there were also six hundred men killed by the lightning and the fiery arrows alone, besides those whom they had killed and slain with their weapons. They then, thus triumphant and crowned with great bliss, went home and forthwith to Almighty God and to the arch- angel Michael, at the holy church, they meekly and joyfully gave thanks for the victory which they had obtained. Then found they also before the north-door of the church, in the marble-stone, as it were, a man’s footsteps, just as if a man had stood tliere ; and the footsteps were })lain and visible in tlie stone as if they were impressed on wax. TO SANCTAE MICIIAIIELES MJESSAN. 203 sylfa geseon lieora gebsero, & him bser on fultume beon. Hie Tiie arch- ^ o ^ r angel pro- pa swa blij?e on morgeime weeron, & gefeoiide ferclon ongean Jjgem lie¥num. & hie wistoii be Jjjes eiigles ssegenum, ge be heora sige, ge eac be ]?ara hae]?enra manna fleame [&] ond-fylle. & pa. sona on ^sere frymj?e p?es gefeohtes, ¥a waes Gargauiis se munt, se pe hie onfeohtan sceoldan, mid mycclum brogan & mid ongryslan eall oferleeded ; & unhierlic storm of ^sem munte astag, & mid j?ystro-* genipum Jjses muntes cnoll eal * p. 245 . oferswogen ^Y8es. Da flugon ])a legetu swylce fyrene streelas a fierce . sionu arises. ongean j^a hse^nan leode, to^sem jjicce poet hie nsemge [niiga ongean locian ne mihton for ^ 0 es leges bryne. pa wses ge- fylled poet se witga foressegde ; & Drihteii herede & J)us cwa3^ ; ‘ Q'>^i facit anyelos suos s/dritus et ministros suos ignein urent- em! ‘ Hwilum se ilea God sendeji his engla gastas to aereud- wrecu/Ti, liwiluin he sendej) |?urh fyres leg/ Da flugon ]>a Lightning hae^nan leode, & gelice se leg hie cwylmde, gelice pa. Criste- hyaUiens. nan him mid heora waepnum hyndon & onsetton, oppset hie unsofte |)0 Neapulite^ & ofercomon ¥a haejman leode, pa. }?e lifdon heora burh healf-cwice, & oferfeollan pa ¥e jia frecennesse & yrmj>o gemeson. pa us pa waes gecyjied Cristenum leodum, se Godes engel jiaer cwom on fultum & on frofre. & Jia sona ™tory. ealle ea^modlice to |?8em cyninga Cyninge, to Criste sylfum, onhnigan. & him ealle on hand eodan |ia hae^nan leode, & be ]>ara Cristenra lare lifdon & fulwihte onfengon, & hie ongeaton geornlice pcet })8em Cristenum leodum * com Godes engel on * p. 21 G. fultum & on frofre. & )?a mid py pe |)a Cristenan leode pcet wel sceawodan, ¥a gesawon hie & getealdon poet pser waes eac syx hund manna mid py lege anum & mid j^sem fyrenum straelum aeweald, buton )?8em ]ie hie mid heora waepnum a- cwealdon & ofslogan. Hie pa swa sigebeorhte & swa gebegde mid mycelre blisse to ham foran, & sona |;8em ^Imihtigan For this they returned Gode & baem heahengle Michaele to baere halgan ciricean hie thanks to / ^ ° ^ ^ ° God and to ea^modlice & luflice |>ancudan l^aes siges ^e hie gefered heefdon. st. Miciiaei. Pa gemittan hie eac beforan ¥tere nor^dura |te8re ciricean on }jiem marmanstane swylce mannes swa^^u, }?on gelicost }>e |?8er sum moil |?a gestode ; & pa fotlastas wieron swutole & gesyne 204 THE DEDICATION OF ST. MICHAEl’s CHURCH. Then they perceived plainly that the blessed Michael was present there for a help to them, whilst they were at the battle ; and that he himself had ordered the acknowledgment (sign) of the victory and made it known to them in the deep sleep. Upon the stone they at once built a church, and therein sumptuously made and set up an altar ; and with great joy after- wards they honoured the place, and those who had great love and belief worshipped at the church. And a great fear also came uj:)on the people ; and they were in great anguish of mind and in much doubt as^to what they durst do concerning it, whether they should consecrate the church, or what might be the will of God and of the holy artificer who made it (the church) with his own hands. They then at first found it advisable to raise a church to the east of the place and to consecrate it to St. Peter the holy disciple of Christ. And therein they put two altars and conseerated one of them to St. Mary, Christ’s mother, and the other to St. John the Baptist, Christ’s baptismal father (baptizer). Then their venerable bishop proposed a happy and successful plan to them and advised them to send to Piome forthwith to the pope, and that they should inquire and ask of the pope and the episcopal court what seemed advisable to them with regard to this matter, whether they durst consecrate the church in any other wise. The blessed pope then sent back this message and said these words : ‘ If it be man’s duty that he should consecrate the church, then is it most fitting that it should take plaee on the day in which victory was given them ; (but) if the sacred guardian were pleased with or preferred ought else concerning the holy place, then is it altogether best to find out what his will may be with respect to that day. And when the time approaches, then let both of us two with our citizens make a four day’s fast, and earnestly entreat the holy Trinity that It (the Trinity) would produce and bring forward the favour — that It would indicate, for men to follow, that wondrous token which It first displayed to men through the holy archangel.’ Then they all meekly performed their four days’ fast, as the eminent bishop advised them. Then on the night in which they had completed their fast, St. Michael appeared in a vision to the bishop and said unto him, ‘ Ye need be under no anxiety to TO SANCTAE MICIIAHEEES M.ESSAN. 205 on baeiii stane, swa hie on wexe wseron a^yde. pa onwaton Marvellous . . J y a footprints hie geornlice se eadiga Michael baer wses toweard him to fultome, hwile ^e hie aet baeni gefeohte waeron ; & him sylfa favoured the ^(Et tanc ^ |)aes siges gesette, & gecy^de into Jty swi^an slaepe. On ^ read idcn. ¥aem stane hi J?a soiia ^aer ciricean ofergetiml)redon & }taer weofod * inne wlitelice geworhtan & gegyredon ; & |)a stowe * p- 247. mid mycclum gefean seojjj^an weorjtodan & l)eeodan, hie jni stone contain- haefdan miccle lufan & geleafan to jjsere ciricean. Ond eac healico stfps'they"^* ondrysnu ]>a leode ; & him waes on mode myccle weorce & church, mycel tweo hwaet hie be ]>0ere dorstan don, hwejjer hie ]ta ciric- ean halgedon, o}?J?e hwaet ^aes Godes willa waere, & }>8es halgan . wyrhtan ]?e hie his hand geworhte. Hie j)a ^cet to raede aerest fundon, hie ciricean araerdon be eastan J?aere stowe, & j)a gehalgodan on Sancte Petres naman, J?aes halgan Cristes Segues. & Jtaer gedydon twa weofedu in, & gehalgodan on Sa?zc^.ae Marian noman Cristes modor, & o^er on Stzncie lohannes Bap- tistan, Cristes fulwiht-faeder. Him ]>a se heora arwyr^a bisceop They were in eadiglice & halwendlice ge^eaht for^brohte, & hie laerede ]>cBt us wn^cra- hie rarest to Rome sendon to ^aem papan, & ¥one papan & }>3et papseld ^cet hie befrinon & beahsodan hwaet him |>aes to raede J)uhte, hwejjer hie ]?a ciricean halgian dorston on o|?re wisan. pislic aerende se eadiga * papa ¥a ^aer eft oiisende & * p, 24s. ]?as word cwae^, ^ Gif hit sie marines gemet he ciricean halgian sceole, ^onne is hit ealles gerisnost \cet hit sy on ^aem daege ^e se sige onseald waes; gif hit |ionne hwaet elles ^aem halgan hirede^ be ])aere stowe licige, & him leofre sie, ]jonnei r&&dihirde. is hit ealles selest to ^aem daege to secenne hwaet jiaes willa sie. Ond }>onne seo tid nealaece uton wit jionne begen don mid uncrum burhwarum feower daga faesten, h ¥a halgan prynesse georne biddan heo lac ]>(]et hie jmrh ^one halgan heahengel aerest aeteowde mannum wundorlic tacn, ^cet hie mannum to fylgenne on cy^de, for^gelaedde k gebringe.’ Hie ^a ealle ea^modlice, swa heora aej^ela bisceo]? laerde, feower daga faesten gedydon. pa ¥aere nihte ]?e hie ^cet faesten gefaest appears haefdon, jia waes Sanc^ws Michael ]iaem bisceope on gesih])e aeteowed & him cwae^ to, ‘Nis eow ^ses weorces jiearf \^cet 206 THE DEDICATION OF ST. MICHAEL’s CHUECH. consecrate the church, for I have made it and I have consecrated it. Now enter ye therein and wait for me, and believe me indeed to be the guardian of the place, and visit it often in prayers. To-morrow you must sing masses therein, and this people according to custom must go to the Sacrament. I, on my part, will appear by a solemn token, and manifest it, that I myself have hallowed and consecrated it (the church). Then soon on the morrow, rejoicing greatly because of the answer, with much unity of prayers and with offerings of holy psalms, they came thither and all went into the church. On the threshold coming out of the porch-door it was evident that the tracks (which I previously said were first found in the marble-stone,) had first commenced in an outward direction. This church with the portico might contain and hold some five hundred men. And then there was seen somewhat to- wards the middle of the south wall the venerable altar. It was covered and spread over with a crimson woven pall. That house was made corner-wise or oblong, not quite after tlie custom of men s work, so that the walls should be straight, but it appeared rather like a cavern ; and frequently the stones as from a cliff steeply projected. The roof also was of various heights — in one place a man might hardly reach it with his hand, and in another easily touch it with his head. I therefore believe that the Archangel of our Lord much more re- quired and loved purity of heart than the adornment of the stones. The knoll was then known as it now is — the hill is large on the outside ; and here and there it is overgrown with rimy wood ; other parts are covered with green pasture. And after that the holy psalms and masses were finished, they then with great joy and bliss, and with the angel’s blessing, returned to their houses. The bishop then appointed them good singers and mass-priests, and manifold church ministers, who ever afterwards should daily in proper order carry on the worship. There was no man, however, who durst ever come into the church at night time. But at daybreak, after it had dawned, they assembled therein for psalmody. There was also from the same stone of the church-roof at TO SAXCTAE if ICHAllET-ES ^rA':SSAN. 207 "e ciricean lialgian, for^on |?e ic hie geworlite & ic liie Tie says tiiat he liiiiiself gelialgode ; ge |?onne iiu jjyder ingoiiga^ & me aitsonda^, & couse- geornlice mimdbyrde gelyfa^ to ^^sere stowe, & hie geiiehge mid church, gehedum secea^*. Din is }joiine ^cet |)U |- 8 er to morgue * p. 249. maessan inne gesinge, & ])is folc |) 8 er after ¥eawe to hiisle gauge ; miii is j?onne \>cet ic mid arwyr^iiesse tacne aeteowe & gecyjje hine, ]>urh liiiie ^ sylfiie hie gehalgode & gehletsode.’ * Hie ^a sona on morgenne swi^e gefeonde for ¥aere andsware mid mycelre anraednesse gebeda & mid haligra lofsanga lacum J)yder coman, & ¥a eodan ealle on ¥a ciricean. Of ¥aes portices dura |?aes^ ^aerscwolde waes gesyne |?3et |?a swa^o waeron aerest ^ read utwearde ongunnen, ¥e ic aer saegde ]>cet paer aerest on ^a9in marmanstane gemeted waeron. peos circe mid bys portice The church mihte hu hwego fif bund manna befdn & behabban. Donne '“‘"^red men. waes aeteowed |;aet arwyr^e weofod wi^ |?one su^wag to middes hu hwega ¥aes wages. Waes hit eac bewrigen & oferbraeded mid baswe godwebbe ; waes ]^cet ilce bus eac hwem dragen, nalas aefter gevvunan mennisces weorces J>a wagas waeron rihte, ac git swi^or on scraefes onlicnesse \>cet waes aeteowed : & gelom- it is cave. like, • ^ ^ T ^ aiidther(3of lice ¥a stanas swa of o^rum clife stae^hlyplice ut sceoredon. of^various Eac swylce se hrdf waes on mislicre * heanesse ; on sum re stowe * p. 250 . he waes \cet man mid his handa nealice geraecean mihte, in sumre eajjelice mid heafde gehrinan. Ic |?onne gelyfe ]>(xt se heahengel ures Drihtnes miccle swi^or sohte & lufode ]?aere heortan claennesse ]?onne ]>ara stana fraetwednesse. Donne waes se cnoll swa hit nu cu^ is, ^cBt se munt is mycel uteweard ; & he is styccemaelum mid hsomige^ wuda oferwexen ; sum mid ^ ? hrimige. grenum felda oferbraeded. Ond ]?a aefter ])on ]?e ^aer waeron ¥a halgan lofsangas & maessan gefyllede, hie ¥a mid mycclum gefean & blisse & mid |>aes engles bletsunga eft hwyrfende waeron to heora husum. Se bisceop |)a ¥aer gesette gode san- geras & maessepreostas & manigfealdlice ciricean jjegnas, J)a jjaer seo^¥an daeghwamlice mid gelimplicre endebyrdnesse weor- ¥ode : naes hwe^re naenig man be baer aefre nihtes tidum dorste is ® r r daring enough on Jjaere ciricean cuman. Ac on daegred si]>|)an hit frumlyhte, hie jjyder inwaeron to ¥aem lofsangum gesamnode. ponne waes 208 THE DEDICATION OF ST. MICHAEl’s CHURCH. the north-side of the altar a very pleasant and clear stream issuing, used by those who still dwelt in that place. By this piece of water was a glass vessel, hung on a silver chain, which received this pleasant fluid. And it was the custom of this people, when they had gone to the Sacrament, that they by steps should ascend to the glass vessel and there take and taste the heavenly fluid. It was very pleasant in taste and wholesome to the inside. This was also marvellous, that many men with fever-sickness and with various other infirmities through taste of this fiuid should at once be made whole. Also in other ways innumerable ailments of men were often and frequently healed ; and manifold miracles similar to these there were, and still are seen and manifested, but most frequently on that day which is his (St. Michael’s) festival and commemoration. Then from the surrounding provinces come the people, and we must believe and know assuredly that manifold and various diseases are healed there, and the (arch)- angel’s power and miracles are there reverenced, and most often shown on that day (i.e. St. Michael’s); according as St. Paul said, ‘ Qui ad ministrum summisJ* Angels are as ministering spirits, sent hither into the world by God, to those who with might and main merit from God the eternal kingdom ; so that they (the angels) should be a help to those who shall constantly contend against the accursed spirits. But let us now intreat the archangel St. Michael, and the nine orders of the holy angels, that they be our aid against hell-fiends. They (the angels) were the holy ones ready to receive men’s souls. As St. Paul was looking towards the northern region of the earth, from whence all waters pass down, he saw above the water a hoary stone ; and north of the stone had grown woods very rimy. And there were dark mists ; and under the stone was the dwelling place of monsters and execrable creatures. And he saw hanging on the cliff opposite to the woods, many black souls with their hands bound ; and the devils in likeness of monsters were seizing them TO SANCTAE MICUVIIELES INf.ESSAN. 209 jjfer eac of |)8em ilcaii staiie |?8erc ciriceaii lirofes on j>a * nor^- * r> s.ti. healfe bees weofodes swibe wynsiiin oml liluttor Avecta utflow- a pure an ende, hmt ba bi^^enojan be on ^aere stowe stille wunodan. fio'ved ponne \vses ongean ^yssum AA-aeterscipe glaesen faet on seolfienre '"the roof, racenteage ahangen \cet ¥aes Avynsiiman waetan j^aer onfeng. paer AA'aes geAVuna |)aein folce jjonne hie to Imsle gegangen haefdon, \>a:i hie aefter hlaeddrum up to ^aem glaeseniim faete astigon & ]?aere heofonlican Avaetan hie j^aer onfengon & onbyrig- don. Seo ]jonue AA^aes Avynsiimii on ¥aere onbyrignesse, & heo AA^aes on ]?aem inno^e hahvende. Is ]>is eac to tacne \>(Et manige n had many men on feforadle & on mislicum o}>rum imtrumnessum ]?nrh pel-tierand innumerable byses waetan onbyrignesse Avurdan sona gehaelde. Eac SAvylce diseases were cured by oJ?ruin geinetum unarimede manna untrumnessa ^aer AA^aeron drinking it. oft & gelome gehaelde ; & manigfeald onlic Avimdor ^ysum, ¥am J?e heora miht AA^aes gelimpllc & arAA\yr¥e, ^aer Avaeron & gyt beo^ aeteoAved & gecy^ed, ealles oftost liAve^re on ¥aem daege ]?e seo tid bi^ & his weor¥ung. Donne of ¥'aem jjeodlande ]?aem ))e jjaer ymbsyndon ¥a folc |?aer citmende beo¥, |>onne is to gelyf- enne* & geare to witenne ]>mt |:aer manigfealde & mislice uii-*p- 252. tiTimra manna beo^ gehaelde, & ^aes engles maegen & his Aviindor j?aer ]?onne Aveor^od bi¥, & oftost aeteoAA^ed on };aem daege ; sAA^a CAvaeS Sawc^its VdivAus, ^ Qui ad ministrum summis! ‘ Englas beo^ to ^egnimge gaestum fram Gode hider on Avorld sended, to ^aem ^e }?one ecean e¥el mid mode & mid maegene to Gode geearnia^, ^cet him syn on fultume ¥a ]?e Avi^ j^aein aAvergdiim gastmn syngallice feohtan sceolan. Ac uton nii biddan })one heahengel S^nc^tts Michahel & ^a iiigen endebyrdnessa ^ara haligra engla, hie us syn on fultume aaI^ helscea^iim. Hie AA^aeron ba halgan on onfenge manna saulum. Swa S6^^^c^^^s Paiilus what st, i ^ ^ ^ ]>aul saw on AA'aes geseonde on nor^aiiAveardne bisne middangeard, b^er ealle looking wsetero ni¥ergeAvita¥, & he b^i* geseah ofer ¥aem Avaetere sumne harne stan ; & AA^aeron nor^ of ¥aem stane aAATxene SAvi^e hrimige beanvas, & ^aer AA^aeron bystro-genipo, & under b^em stane waes niccra eardung & AA^arga. & he geseah b^et on ^aeni clife hang- odan on ¥aem is gean bearAvum manige SAA^earte saula be heoia handum gebundne ; & b^ * nicra onlicnesse heora * p- 253 . 14 210 FESTIVAL OF ST. MARTIN. like greedy wolves; and the water under the cliff beneath was black. And between the cliff and the water there v/ere about twelve miles, and when the twigs brake, then down went the souls who hung on the twigs and the monsters seized them. These were the souls of those their life’s end. But let us now bid St. Michael earnestly to bring our souls into bliss, where they may rejoice without end in eternity. Amen. earest men, we may in some few words speak to you of the honorable birth and the holy life and death of the blessed man St. Martin, which we now at this present time are celebrating. He was very dear to God on account of his works. He first came into the world in the land of Pannonia, in the town of Sabaria. He was, nevertheless, brought up in the city of Ticino in Italy. In the sight of the world he was of very noble and good birth, but yet his parents, father and mother, were both heathens. His father was first a king’s servant (thane), and at last rose to be chief of the king’s servants (thanes). Then of necessity was St. Martin in his youth associated with the king’s thanes, first in the days of Constantine, and afterwards in those of the emperor Julius. He was not willingly engaged in a worldly occupation ; but he soon in his youth much more loved the service of God than the idle vanities of this world. When he was ten years old, and his parents put him to, and taught him, a temporal occupation, then he fled to the church of God, and entreated to be christened, that the first part of his endeavours and of his life might be turned towards belief and baptism. And he was during his whole life wonderfully busy about who ill this world wickedly sinned and would not cease from it before XVIIL FESTIVAL OF ST. MARTIN. TO SANCTE MARTTNES MyESSAN. 211 gripende waeron, swa swa gncdig wiilf ; & \K^t wseter wses swcart under j)sem clife neo^an. & betuli ])£eni clife on wEctre wseron swylce twelf mila, & ^onne ^a twigo forbiirston ))onne gewitan J;a saiila ni^er |>a ))e on ^sem twigum hangodaii, & liiin onfengon ¥a nicras. Dis ^oiine weeron ¥a saula ])ix her on worlde mid iinrihte gefyrenode wseron, & ¥aes noldan ges- wican ser heora lifes ende. Ac iiton nu biddan Sanctus Michael geornlice \(x,t he ure saula gelsede on gefean, |)8er hie motan blissian abuton ende on ecnesse. AMEN. en ¥a leofestan, we magan hwylcum hwega wordum secgg- st. Martin ’ ® ® was l>nrn ii ean be ^sere arwyr^an gebyrdo & be ^on halgan life Pannoiua. & for^fore Jises eadigan weres Sal^c^e Martines, ^e we nu on anweardnesse his tid weor¥ia¥. "Wses ^eet Gode swi^e gecoren man on his deedum. He waes on Pannania jisere mseg^e serest on woruld cumen, in Arrea 'Ssem tune. Wses he hwe¥^re in Italia afeded in Ticinan jisere byrig. *Wses he for worlde * p- swi|?e sejielra gebyrda & godra, waeron his yldran hwe^re feeder & modor, buta liee^ne. Wses his feeder eerest cyninges nis father was in the ]?egn, & ^a setnehstan ge^eah \cet he wses cininges jiegna aldor- king’s service, man. pa sceolde S^^>^c^^^s Martinus nede beon on his geogo¥- hade on ¥eere gefereedenne cininges ¥'egna, eerest on Constant- ines dagum, & ¥a eft on Julius }>ses caseres. Nees na \(Et he his willan on ¥sem woruldfolga^e weere ; ah he sona on his geogo^e Godes ^eowdom miccle swi^or lufode )tonne }>a idlan to woruld-folga¥e tyhton ond Iserdan, ^a fleah he to Godes ciricean, & heed \(zt hine mon gecristnode, \m’t se seresta dsel his onginnes & lifes weere to geleafan & to fulwihte gecyrred. & he j>a sona wses wuldorlice mid eallum his life ymb Godes XVIII. TO SANCTE MARTINES M^SSAN. breas bisse worlde. pa he wees tyn wintre, & hine hys yldran st. Martin ft f J 5 J „.„s c inste; was cliristen- 14—2 212 FESTIVAL OF ST. MARTIN. God’s service. When he was fifteen years old, his parents compelled him to take to arms and to be associated with the king’s thanes. It was four years before his baptism that he bore arms, and nevertheless he abstained from all those important weapons which benefit worldly men in human affairs. He had great love and all respect to every man, and he was very patient, humble, and moderate in all his life. And though as yet he was compelled to lead the life of a layman, nevertheless he had such circumspection in all things that he even lived more the life of a monk than that of a layman. On account of his pious deeds he was loved, honoured, and respected by his companions ; and they all severally honoured him with love. And though as yet he was not fully, according to subsequent ordinances, baptized, but was [only] christened, as I before said, nevertheless the sacrament of holy baptism he kept and fulfilled by good deeds. He would aid the strug- gling, comfort the poor, give meat to the hungry, and clothe the naked, and he gave for God’s sake to the j)oor, all that he acquired in his occupation, except only the daily bread by which he must of necessity live. He was mindful of what the Lord commanded in the Gospel, de ci'astino non cogitare, that the man of God should not take thought of the morrow, lest it happened that he thereby should put off* any of the good things that he might do on that present day, and nevertheless must afterwards await the expectation of the morrow. We may now hear related some of the pious deeds which this blessed man St. Martin did early in his militaiy career ; though of those good deeds there were more than any one may relate. It happened on a time in midwinter that he went with other servants (thanes) of the king to the city called Ambi- nensus. The winter was very severe that year, so that many a man on account of the cold lost his life. Then there sat naked at the gate of the town a certain beggar, who demanded for God’s sake a garment and alms. Then they all went past him and none of them would turn towards him, nor do him any kindness. Then the man of God, St. Martin, perceived that the Lord had reserved the poor man for him, that he should have pity upon him since none of the other men would TO SANCTE MARTINES M.ESSAN. })eo\v(l6m abi8gx)d. Da he wees fifteiie wiiitre, ba nyddon liiiie when iie waa ' fifteen .years liys yldran to^aem hcEt lie sceolde woroldlicum waepmim oiifon, ^ ^ ^ entei ed the & on ciiiiiiges ¥egna geferraedeiine heoii. pa wees feower gear king’s service, ser his fuhvihte \oit he woroldwaepno W£eg, & he hiiie *lnve¥re \vi^ eallnm )>sem healicum wsepniim gelieold, jia^e * p. 255. woruldmen fremma^ on mennisciim ^ingum. Haefde he iniccle Infan & ealle wa3rnesse to aelciim men, & lie waes swi^e ge- ]?yldig, & ea^mod, & gemetfsest on eallnm his life. & ¥eali jie iie lived 1 - 1 1-11 111 more like a lie jia gyt on Isewedum hade heon sceolde, hwe^re he to¥on moidv tiian a layman. \v 0 ernesse haefde on eallnm ^ingum, ^cet he efne mnnnclife gyta swi])or lifde ]?onne ]ionne Isewedes maiines. AVaes he for his arfaestum dsedum eallnm his geferiim leof & weor^ & ondrysne, & hie hine ealle synderlice mid lufan weor^odan. & ¥eah he j?a gyt naere fullice aefter ojierre endebyrdnesse gefulwad, ah he waes gecristnod, swa ic aer saegcle, hwe^re he jjaet geryne. jiaere halgan fulwilite mid godu??^ daedii??^ heold aem winnendum fultmian, & earme frefran, & hing- rigendiim mete syllan, & nacode scrydan, & eal ^oet he on his folga^e begeat, eal he for Godes lufan sealde, buton ¥one daeghwamlican andleofan anne |?e he nede big lifgean sceolde. Gemunde he Drihten be*bead on |)aem godspelle, de eras- * p. 256. tino non cogitare, '^cet se Godes man ne sceolde be |)an mor- thonshtofthe gendaege |?encean, jiylaes \>cet woere \>cet he ]nirh jiaet aenig Jiara was always goda foryhie, |>e he Jionne [>y daege gedon mihte, & ^a weninge poor, hwe^er he eft ]>aes mergendaeges gebidan moste. Magon we nu jiara arfaestra daeda suiiie gehyran saeegan |ie he }>es eadiga wer, Sanc^ws Martinus, sona on his cnihthade gedyde ; })eah ])e jiara godra daeda ma waere ]>onne aenig man aseeggan maege. Daet gelamp sume si^e he ferde mid ojirnm cininges ^eg- num on ¥a burg |ie Ambinensus hatte ; \ycet waes eac on middum wintra. Waes se winter eac }iy geare to)iaes grim jiaet nianig man his feorh for cyle gesealde. pa saet );aer sum jiearfa aet iiow iie clothed a cer- ^aem burggeate, saet eac nacod, baed him ba for Gode hraegles tain beggar * _ . whom no one & aelmessan. pa ferdan hie ealle for^ be him & heora naeiiig else Avouid relieve. him to cerran nolde, ne him naeoigre are gedon. Da ongeat se Godes wer ^anQtw& Martinus |)aet Drihten him ^one Jiearfan 214 FESTIVAL OF ST. ]\IARTIN. act kindly towards him. Nevertheless he knew not what he should do for him, because he [had] nothing else but a single garment, but what he had more he had previously, in a like work, disposed of it all, and had given it away for God’s sake. He nevertheless drew his knife, and took his cloak which he had on, and cut it in two and gave half of it to the poor man, and wrapped himself up in the other half. There were many men who saw that and insulted and mocked him for cutting in two his single garment. But others again, who were of a better disposition and had some love to God, chided themselves for not doing so, and knew that they had more, both wherewith to give raiment to the poor and to have enough for themselves. Soon after on the following night it was, when the blessed man slept, that he saw Christ himself clad in the same garment which he before had given to the poor man. Then was he commanded more earnestly to observe our Lord and the garment that he had previously given to the poor man. 2Iox awjelorum circumstantium multitudinem. Then he saw a great many angels about him, [and] the Lord himself, who, with as familiar a voice as to the angels, said, ‘ Martin, though thou art christened before thy baptism, [yet] with this garment thou didst clothe me.’ By this deed it was very evident that our Lord is mindful of that saying of his which he formerly uttered, ‘ quamdiu fecisti,' ‘ Whatsoever ye should say that ye do to any poor man for good, for my name, even that ye do to me myself.' And he would confirm the saying by that divine action ; and he then so humbled himself as to appear to the blessed man, St. Martin, in the poor man’s garment. Quo visu vir non in gloriam elatus est. When the blessed man, St. Martin, saw that sight, he nevertheless was not greatly exalted in the pride of human glory, but he j)erceived in that deed of his the goodness of God. When he had completed his eighteenth year, he was baptized according to the ordinances of the church. But he was christened three years previously, as I said before. Then he TO SANCTE MAllTINES MiESSAN. 215 geheold, he him *miltsian sceolde, j^ara o^erra manna hi?>2, nin arian ne wolde. Nyste j^eah hwe^re hwa3t he him doii sceolde, for^on j^e he naht elles huton his an- fealdne gegyrelan, ah healf^ }?set he mare hgefde eal he ])CPi ser beforan on onlic weorc ateah, & for Gode gesealde. Geteah Jjeah his seax & genam his sciccels }?e he him on lieefde, tosna^ }?a hiue ontwa, & healfne sealde j^sem ])earfan, & mid healfum hine sylfne besweop. Da waeron jjser manige men ]>e ]icet gesa- won hie hine on ]) 0 em taeldon & bismrodan, ^cet he his swa anfealdne gegyrelan tosni^an sceolde. Sume |)onne eft |)a ¥e betran modes waeron, & seiiige lufe to Gode haefdan, hie sylfe be J?on oncu^on \>cet hie swa ne dydon, & wistou \>oit hie mare hiefdon, ]>(jet hie 8eghwe]?er ge ])8em jjearfan hrsegl syllan mihtan, gehwe]?re him sylfum genog haefdon. Da wses soiia on |)3ere aefter fylgendan niht, J>a he se eadiga wer slep, }>a geseah, he Crist sylfne mid |>y ilcan hraegle gegyredne, }?e he 2 dY ])on J)earfan sealde. pa wses him beboden * geornlicor \>cet be hine urne Drihten ongeate, & pset hrgegl i>e he ser ])aem ]?earfan sealde. 3fox angelorum circumstantium multitudinem. Da geseah he myccle mengeo engla enib hine Drih^e?^ sylfne mid swa cu^re stefne to ^aem englum cwe^endne, ^ Martinus, nu eart gecristnod ger }?inum fulwihte, mid jjys hraegle j?u me gegyredest.' Waes on |?8ere daede swi]:e cu^ \>cet ure Drihten is swi]?e gemyndig |?aes his cwides ]?e he sylfa aer gecwae^ : ‘ Qitamdiu fecisti.' ‘ Swa hwaet swa ge cwaedon ^cet ge hwelcum earmuw men to gode gedo^ for minum naman efne |)ce^ ge me sylfum do^.’ & he j?a wolde |>one cwide getrymmaii on ])aere godcimdan daede, & he hine sylfne to^on geea^- medde ]>(jet he hine on ¥aes ]>earfan gegyrelan aeteowde ]^asm eadigan were Sawc^e Martine. Quo uisu uir non in gloriam elatw^ est. Da he jja se eadiga wer Sanc^^6s Martinus j)a gesih|)e geseah, ]?a ne waes he hwe]?re noht feor on oferhygd ahafen on mennisc wuldor ; ah he Codes good ^ on ]>aere his daede oiigeat. Da he |?a haefde * twaem laes ]?e twentig wiiitra, j?a gefiillode hine mon on ¥aere ciricean endebyrdnesse ; waes he beforan aer |)a |)reo gear gecristnod, swa ic aer saegde. pa forlet he |)one * p. 257. 1 orUjinally eal, St. Martin sliared liis single robe with the beggar. Christ ap- peared to him, clothed in tlie garment he had given to the poor man. p. 258. z So in MS. Wlien eighteen years old St. Martin was baptized. * p. 259. 216 FESTIVAL OF ST. MARTIN. forsook his occupation, and went away to St. Hilary, the Bishop of Poitiers, who was a very illustrious man in the sight of God; and his goodness was very famous. And he perfectly instructed and taught this blessed man, St. Martin, in God’s law and God’s service. Moreover, God himself admonished him inwardly, [so that] he was very religious in his conduct, steadfast in his words, and pure and clean in his life ; and he was honest, modest, and merciful in his deeds, and diligent in his works concerning the Lord’s lore, and in all good things before God very perfect. Then it subsecpiently happened that this blessed man, St. Martin, built a monastery, and he therein became the spiritual father of many servants of God. Then it happened on a time that there came to him a christened man, who desired to be instructed by his lore and his manner of life. And he was there many days ; then he became sick of a fever. It hap- pened then at that time that St. Martin was on a journey fully three days. When he returned home he found the man dead who was pre- viously sick ; and behold, death took him off so suddenly that he died unbaptized. When St. Martin saw that, and all the other brothers, all so sorrowful, standing about the body, then he wept and went unto him ; and he was very much pained that he should thus die unbaptized. He trusted, nevertheless, with all his mind in the power and mercy of Almighty God. And he went into the cell wherein the body was, and com- manded the other men to go out, and the doors to be locked after them. And he then prayed and stretched himself over the limbs of the dead man. AVhen he had been a long time in prayer, then he perceived that there was a divine power present, and he joyfully awaited the mercy [of God]. In a little while he perceived that the dead man moved all his limbs, and lifted up his eyes and looked about. Wffien the holy St. Martin saw that, then he rejoiced exceedingly, and cried loudly with a strong voice, and gave thanks to Almighty God for that grace. When the other brethren who were outside heard that, then went they unto him ; and they then saw the wonderful event — the man living whom they had previously left TO SANCTE MARTIN ES MZESSAN. woroldfolga^, & gewat to Mancie Hilarie J^aein bisceope, }>e on Pictauie j^aere byrig waes bisceop. ^cBt wses swi¥e foremaere man for Gode & bis gdd waes swi^e gccy¥ed. & lie )ia jjysne eadigaii wer Sa^ic^ws Martiiius fulfremedlice on Godes se & on Godes jieowddm getyde & gelaerde ; toeacan J)on ]>e bine God sylf innan manode. Waes be swi^e gejiungen on bis ¥eawum, & sta^olfaest on bis wordum, & bluttor & claene on bis life ; & be waes arfaest & gemetfaest & mildbeort on bis daediim & geornful, & be gewyrbtum ymb Dribtnes lare & on eallum godum for Gode swijie fulfremed. pa gelamp aefter |?on |ies eadiga wer Sancius Martinus sum mynster getimbrede, & be on ¥aem manigra Godes ])eowa gastlic feeder gewear^. pa gelamp sume si^e ]ujet \> 2 Qy eom sum gecristnod man to bim, \ait be wolde mid bis lare & mid bis lifes bysene beon ontim- * bred, pa waes be jiaer dagas wel manige ; }>a wear^ be untrum on feforadle. Da gelamp on |ja tid ^oet ^anctuB Martinus waes on sumre fore ealle J>ry dagas ; ¥a be eft bam com, })a mette be ¥ane man for^feredne Jie ]iaer aer untrum waes, & bine efne swa faerlice dea^ fornam ^aet be ungefullad for^ferde. pa be |>a '^ano,tu9, Martinus ]xx,t geseab, ^cet Jia o^re broker ealle swa linrote ymb \>mt lie utan stondan, Jie weop be & code into bim. & him waes swi]ie myccle weorce ]>cet be swa unge- fulwad for^feran seeolde ; getry wde |?a bwe^re mid ealle mode on ^Imibtiges Godes mibt & on bis mildbeortnesse. & eode j-ui on |?a cetan Jiaer se licboma inne waes, & bebt ¥ia o^re men lit gangan, & jia ^a duru inbeleac aefter bim. & bine ^a gebaed, & bine astreabte ofer leomu ]iaes deadan mannes. pa be ]?a binge bwile on jiaem gebede waes, jia ongeat be \cet ]iaer waes godeuiidlic maegen ondweard, & be |>aere mildbeortnesse unsorb abiid. pa waes ymb bwile, ¥a gefelde be \>cet se deada man bis leomu ealle astyrede, & bis eagan upabof & for^loeade. pa be |ia Sanc^ws Martinus ]^cEt geseab, Jia waes be *swi|je gefeonde, & }ia cleopode blude mid mycelre stefne, & ^Imib- tigum Gode jiaere gife ]?anc saegde. Da ]»€et Jia |ia o¥re bro}ira gebyrdoii )ie Jiaer ute waeron, ^a eodan bie into bim ; ]>a gesawon bie wundorlice wyrd ¥one man lifgendne jioiie }ie 2ir St. Martin became a pupil of St. Jl.lary. After leaving this holy man, he built a monastery. * p. 260 . How St, Martin raised a dead man to life. * p. 261 . 218 FESTIVAL OF ST. MARTIN. dead. And they forthwith baptized him, and he lived many years after- wards. This was the first of wonders that this blessed man openly did before other men. And after this deed his name became ever after honoured and renoAvned. And all the people perceived that he Avas holy, mighty, and apostolic in his Avorks. LikcAvise also there befell afterAvards another mar\"el like to this. On a time this blessed man proceeded to a certain man’s toAvn called Lupicinius. Then he heard in that toAvn a great mourning and lamentation, and many cried with a loud voice. Then he stood and asked Avhat the crying might be. Then they told him that a certain man had died by a miserable death, inasmuch as he had destroyed himselfb When St. Martin heard of this man’s miserable death he Avas fortliAvith greatly pained and much grieved, and went into the cell Avherein the dead man's body lay ; and then he commanded all the other men to go out and to close the doors ; and he prostrated himself in prayer. And whilst he Avas in prayer, suddenly the dead man came to life again, and looked about, and endeavoured to rise. Then St. Martin took him by the hand, and raised him aloft, and led him forth to the hall of the house, and afterAvards restored him AAdiole and sound to those men who previously had left him for dead. These Avonders and many others Almighty God performed through this blessed man before ever he became a bishop. But after that he received the episcopal office in the city of Tours, there is no one that could recount all the marvels Avhich God Avrought through him. And though he held a more important office, and should also in the sight of the AA’orld be nobler than he Avas before, neA^ertheless he had the same humility in his heart, and the same abstinence in regard to his body, both in meat and drink, and also in everything, even as he previously had. And he as fitly held his episcopal office as if he had never abandoned the virtue and prudence of his monastic life. Omnes nanique unanimiter cu^iehant. And almost all men avIio kncAV or heard of this blessed man’s life, all unanimously desired that they might hear his Avords and folloAV his lore, ^ ‘ Sum ungesceadwis man him sylfne aheng, ]?aet he fotum span, and his feorh forlet.’ (See Deposition of St. Martin in ^Ifric’s Homilies, vol. ii. pt. x. 504.) TO SANCTE MARTINES M/ESSAN. 219 liie aer deadiie forletoii ; & liine man |)a soiia gefulvvade & he feala geara sefter^on lifde. Waes j?is ^ara wundra aerest |)e l^es eadiga wer openlice heforan o)?rum mannuin geworlite ; & |)a aefter |)isse daedediis noma wses a seo)?|)an weor^ & maerc geworden, & bine eal ^cet folc haligne & militigne ongeat & apostolicne on his daednm. Swylce eac eft gelamp o|jer wnndor |)issuni onlic ; he ferde suine si¥e ])es eadiga wer to sumes inannes tune, jje Lupicinus waes haten. pa gehyrde he J)ser on tune mycelne heaf & wop, & manige cleopodan mid mycelre stefne. pa o-estod he & ahsode hwset seo cleopung wsere ; ba another y ^ t t) ^ r time St. Mar- ssegde him mon \>06t beer wsere sum man earmlice deabe aswolten to i i I life a man swa ])(jet he bine sylfne awyrde. Da he }?a ^anctus Martinus jtses mannes dea^ swa earmlicne gehyrde, ^a wses him ]>cet sona swi}>e sar & myccle weorce ; & |?a * eode he in J?a cetan jtser *p. 262. se lichoma inne Iseg jtses deadan mannes, & heht ]?a o]?re men ealle lit gangan & )?a duru betynan, & bine ]?a }) 8 er on gebed astreabte. Da be |>a hwile on ¥sem gebede wses, Jta fseringa wear^ se deada man cwic eft, & for^locade, & teolode to arisenne. Da genam Sanctus Martinus bine be his handa, & upheab arserde, & bine Isedde for^ to Jton cafortune Jtses buses, & bine eft |)sem mannum halne & gesundne ageaf, jtsem jte bine ser deadne leton. Das wundor & manig o}>er ../Elmibtig God |)urb ])ysne eadigan wer worbte, ser ]?on }>e he sefre bisceop wsere. Ah seoJ)|>an be jton bisceopbade onfeng in Turnan ¥sere After tins he ... 1 11 became byrig, nis nsenig man hcet ba wundor ealle asecggan msege, ba ^e bishop of Tours, God seo]?|?an jjurh bine worbte. & ^eab he }?a maran bad bsefde, & eac for worlde ricra beon sceolde, jtonne be ser wsere, ]>eb He never ai)aiidoned liwebre be bsefde ba ilcan ea^modnesse on bis beortan, & ba ilcan those v-rtues ' ^ ^ ’ that had dis- forwyrnednesse on his licboman, seMiwe^er ge on mete, ge on tinguisiied 7 0 3 7 0 ],jj. nionastic brsegle, ge on segbwylcum ]>inge, efne swa be ser bsefde. ik be his bisceopbad swa gedefelice for Gode gebeold swa he hwej^re nsefde msegen * & J?a foresetenesse bis munucbades anforlet. * p. 263 . Omnes namque unanimiter cujpiebant. Ond ealle men forneah, ¥a }te ^yses eadygan weres lif cu]?on o|>j)e forebyrdon, ealle hie j)tet anmodlice wilnodan \cet hie bis word gebyran moston, & bis laruni fylgean, for^on })e hie sweotollice on him ongeaton 220 FESTIVAL OP ST. MARTIN. because they plainly perceived the grace and joy of God in him. He was, moreover, very famous through all the earth, and he broke and felled many temples and idols, where heathen men previously made offering’s to devils. And then wherever he cast down idols, there he set up God’s churches or built completely a monastery. Once upon a time it happened that he began to burn an idol which was held by the heathen in much esteem and distinction. Near the idol which he began to burn a useful house stood ; then the wind drove the flame on to the house, and it appeared that it would be quite consumed. ^Yhen St. Martin saw that, he at once ran up to the house and stood in front of the flame. Then befell a marvellous circumstance — the flame struck and contended against the wind, and behold, even as the wind struck the more violently upon the flame so it the more vehemently strove against the wind, exactly as if it were two creatures fighting one against another. And so the wind was restrained by St. Martin’s pra}’ers from hurting any other dwelling, except the idol alone which was burnt there. There also happened afterwards another marvel like to this. He came to a town which was called Librassa, in which was an idol much honoured by tlie heathen. Then St. Martin determined, at all events, to break and cast down the idol. The heathen opposed him, and angrily drove him away. Then he went straightway to a certain place, and clothed himself with a hair-cloth very hard and unpleasant ; and he fasted three days and prayed Almighty God that he, by his divine might, should break and cast down that idol. AVlien he was not able, on account of men’s anger, to break it, then there came suddenly to him two angels with shields and spears and furnished with provisions, just as if they would proceed to war. And they said that God himself had sent them to put to flight the heathen host, and to help St. Martin, that he might destroy that idol. Then went they afterwards to the town and broke down the idol, and cast it all to the ground. And then tlie heathen men looked on, but yet were by divine might so greatly terrified, that none of them durst oppose them ; but all of them turned to belief in the Lord, and they said unto him that he alone was the true TO SANCTE JIAllTINES MiESSAN. 221 Codes o-ife & his blisse. Wses he for^on swibe nicere ^eoiul Martin middangeard, & he inaiiig tempi & deofolgyld gebvaec & gefylde, "/j^Yeathen^^ |t£er hge|)eiie men an* deoflum onguldon ; & |)omie jtser he \)cet deofolgeld gefylde, ])omie asette he jjser Codes ciricean o|^]?e fidlice mynster getimbrede. Daet gelamj? sume si^e ]^cet he ongaii bsernaii sum deofolgild, |?e mid [taem hae^num mamium swi^e M’eor^ & msere waes. pa stod ^aer sum uytwyr^e hus hi How lie once l^aem gilde ]?e he Jtaer baernan ongan. Da slog se wind }>oue leg from burning on o|)er hiis, & ^uhte \cet hit eal forbyruan sceolde. pa he |>a S(2?ici5tts Martinas \cet geseah, |ni arn he sona up on )^cet Inis, & ^a gestod ongean j^aem lege, pa gelam]) Avundorlic Mwrd ^cet se leg ongan slean & brecan ongean jjone M'ind, & efne swa se wind swi})or slog on }ione leg swa braec he *swi})or ongean *p. 264. Jiaem Avinde, efne ])8em gelicost swylce ¥a gesceafta twa him betweonan gefeohtan sceoldan. & swa se leg wear^ ge|?reatod |)urh handle iMartines gebedu, ]^oit he naenigum o^rum aerne sce]?|;an ne mihte, buton jtaein deofolgelde aniim ]?e he jiaer baernan ongan. Swilce gelamp eft o|>er wander ^ysnin onlic. He com to samam tune ¥e Librassa waes haten ; ¥a waes jiaer gild ])6 |)a haejjenan men swi^e 'vveor^odan. Da wolde he Stmc^^ts Martinas aelce J?inga ^aet gyld abrecan & gefyllan. Da How for a long time he stodan him ¥a haebenan men & hine mid teonan aweg adrifon ; in vain sought ® ^ to destroy a )?a eode he ¥aer rihte big on same stowe, & hine gegyrede certain idol, mid haerenum hraegle^ swi])e heardnni & limvin samam, & faeste ‘o/^.hwsgie. |ny dagas, & Hdlmihtigne Cod baed ■?aet he ^arh his godcundan miht ¥aet deofolgild gebraece & gefylde. pa he hit for manna teonan gebrecan ne moste, |>a como?i })aer semninga tAvegen assistance, englas to him gesceldode & gesperode, & mid heora geatwam gegyrede, efne swa hie to campe feran woldon. & cwaedon hie Cod sylf sende \cBt hie sceoldan '^cet haejtene M^eorod gefly- man, & Martine gefultmian, he ^cet deofolgeld mihte * p- gefyllan. Da eodan hie eft to ¥aem tune, & ^cet gild geliraecan & gefyldan eal o]? grand. & jttl haejjenan men to-locodau, ah hie lnve|?re 'sva^ron mid godcandnm maegene to^"aes swi^e gefyrhte, ^cet heora naenig him wijjstandan ne dorste ; ah hie ealle to Drihtnes geleafan gecirdon, & hie cwaedan to him ^aet se an 222 FESTIVAL OF ST. MARTIN. God whom Martin followed, and that their heathen idols were all vain and unprofitable, and were unable to help themselves, or any of those who desired a favour from them. Likewise also it happened on a time when he was destroying an idol, that there ran upon him a great many of the heathen men, and they were all much enraged. And one of them was fiercer and more inflamed than the rest. He drew his sword and intended to slay him. When St, Martin saw that, he forthwith put off his garment from his neck, and stooped forth to the man who purposed to slay him. When the heathen man held up (liis sword), with the right hand purposing to slay him, then suddenly he fell backwards, and had no power over his body, but was afflicted by divine power. And then he begged forgiveness of the blessed man (St. Martin). Subsequently also another marvel like to this happened ; upon a time when he was breaking and casting down an idol, one of the heathen men drew his sword, purposing to stab him, when suddenly he knew not what had become of the sword he had in his hand. Frequently, when he was breaking vain idols and the heathen were opposing him, through his teaching and through the Lord’s grace he turned their hearts to belief in God, so that they at last with their own hands destroyed their vain idols. He was so mighty in healing every sickness, and had received such great grace of God, that there was no one that sought him, be he ever so sick, but was at once restored to health. It also often happened that they brought a part of his garment to a sick man, whereby he at once become whole. And most of all is he to be praised for this — that he Avould never con- descend to any powerful man, nor even to any king through false flattery, more than it were right ; but always to every one lie spake and did what was true and just. Vere heatus vir in quo dolus &c. He was truly a blessed man, never was deceit or guile within his heart. Hor did he condemn any man unjustly, nor returned to any evil for evil ; nor did any one find him angry or cruel, but he was ever of one mind ; and truly one might always see in his disposition and in his countenance heavenly bliss and joy. No one heard from his mouth aught else than the mention of Christ’s TO SANCTE MARTINES MiESSAN. 223 wsere so^ God se })e Martiniis liyrde, & lieora h8P.)?cnan gild waeron ealle idelu & unnyt, & \cet hie iiawSer nc him sylfiim lielpan ne militoii, ne iuuiu?>i ^ara to him are wihiodan. Swylce eac gelamp siime si¥e, he sum gild hroec j)8er gearn mycel menigeo to him ¥ara haebenra manna, & ealle swi¥e feied his neck erre wseron. Da wses heora sum re¥ra & hatheortra ^onne 1’^ mm *'*^ ^*^ ojjre j gebrtegd ^ ¥a his sweorde, mynte hine slean. pa he j^a ‘ Sanctus Martinus geseah, ]?a dyde he sona |> 0 et hraegl of l)is sweoran, & leat for^ to ^aem men ¥e hine slean mynte. Da he jja se hsejjena man uprsehte mid ]>sere swij?ran handa, & hine slean mynte, ^a feol he fseringa onbaecling, & nahte *his licho- * p- 266 . man geweald ; ac he waes mid godcundu^^i msegene gej^read ; & he him }?a ])one eadigan wer forgifnesse bsed. Swylce wees eft o|)er wundor ¥eem onlic. pce^ gelamp sume sibe beer he sum deofolgild , . breec & fylde, \oit J)eer gebreegd ]>ara heej?enra manna sum his stabbed, seaxe ; ]?a he hine j?a stingan mynte, ]?a nyste he feeringa hweer seax com j?e he eer on handa heefde. Gelomlic ^oet ]>onne wees ]jeer he ]>a idlan gild breec, & him ])a hee^nan men wi]?er- wearde weeron, \>ait he ]?urh his lara & |)urh Drihtnes gife heora heortan to Godes geleafan gecyrde, ^oet hie eetnehstan sylfe eac mid heora handum J^a idlan gyld fyldon. Tojjees mihtig he iie healed |)onne wees eelce untrumnesse to heelenne, & to¥ees myccle gife people, he jjees eet Gode onfeng, }^cet neenig nees topees untrum ^e hine gesohte, hmt he sona heelo ne onfenge : ge hcet oft gelamp, bonne A part of ids o o j o i- j garment often man hwylcne deel his hreegles to untruman men brohte, beet he restored ^onne |)urh ^cet sona wear¥ hal geworden. & jtees he wees ¥onne ealles swi|?ost to hergenne, )^cet he neefre neenigu?^i woruldricum men ne cininge sylfum jjurh lease olecunga swijjor onbugan nolde, |?onne hit riht weere ; *ah he a to eeghwylcum so¥ &*p. 267. riht sprecende wees & donde. Uere heatus uir in qtm dolus. Dis wees so^lice eadig wer, ne wees eefre facen ne inwid^ on his ^ So in ms. heortan, ne he neenigne man unrihtlice fordemde, ne neenigum JulirieJs^mfd yfel wi)) yfele geald ; ne hine neenig man yrne ne grammodne ne position funde, ac he wees a on anum mode ; & efne heofonlice blisse & gefean mon mihte a on his mode & on his andwleotan on- gytan. Ne gehyrde neenig man on his muj)e oht elles nefne 224 FESTIVAL OF ST. MAFTIX. j)raise and edifying talk ; nor in liis heart [was there anght] except piety and pity and peace. So also, long before the day, the blessed man knew of his death, and the Lord had shewed it him ; and he told the brethren the time exactly when he should depart from this world. When he learnt that a certain household in his see were at variance and hostile to one another, then would he go thither with his disciples, though he knew that the end of his days was approaching ; nevertheless he desired that they all should be at peace before he went from the world. When he had reconciled the household to which he had gone, and was there many days, then he purposed with his disciples to go back to his monastery. But he became suddenly ill and called all his disciples to him, and told them that he should die. And immediately they were very sad, and took on sorrowfully. And they said to him ‘ Cur nos, jpater, deseris aut cui nos desolates relinquis?* AVherefore, father, leavest thou us now ; or if thou departest, to whom dost thou commit us 1 There will come and rise up wolves that will scatter thy flock ; who shall stand against them if thou dost not shield them ? "We know that it is thy mind’s desire to leave this world, and to see Christ, but yet pity us, and be mindful of our necessities.’ When they had spoken these words, and he (Martin) saw them all weei^ing, then he wept himself, and his soul was moved by their words, for he was the kindest of men ; and he with weeping voice thus spake unto the Lord, ‘ Si adhuc popido tuo sum necessarius’ ‘ Lord,’ he said, ‘ if I be now still needful for thy people to have here in the world, I refuse not the toil, but let it be according to thy will.’ He was so pious that he was both in pain the longer he was from Christ’s presence until he should see him. He also even sought the Lord’s will and thus said, ^ My Lord, long have I now been in hard warfare here in the world, but yet refuse I not longer to be in that warfare, if it rather be thy will ; but I, strengthened with thy weapons, will stand fast in thy army and for thy warfare, the while it is thy will.’ Not only was the love of God very fervent and bright in the heart of this blessed man, but he also was not afraid of death, but longed very greatly TO SANCTE MARTTXES MiESSAN. 225 Cristes lof & nytte sprace, ne on his lieortan buton arfsestiiesse & mildheortnesse & sibbe. Swa eac bes eadi^a wer iiiiccle ser ire was aware ^ ® of Iiis deatli beforan jjone dseg wiste his for^fore, & him IDviXiten \>cet gecy})ed haefde, & he ^cet J^aem bro^rum saegde, ]>cet hit ¥a rihte wsere ]>cet he of ¥isse worlde sceolde. Da wiste he sumne hired on his He reconciled a househoul bisceopscire ))e ]?a imgejjwaere & imgesibbe him betweonum wseron, ]?a ferde he ¥yder mid his discipuliim, }>eali ]>e he wiste ^^^*^^** ])cet bit ^a set his daga ende waere, ]>cet he hum wolde ]>cet hie i so in ms. ealle on sibbe wseron, ser he of worulde ferde. Da he ]?a hsefde |>one hired gesibbodne ]>e he jjser to ferde, & ]? 0 er dagas wel manige wses, |?a he J?a eft *mynte mid his discipuliim to his * p . 268. mynstre feran. Da wear^ he fseringa swi]?e untrum ; ¥a heht he him ealle his discipulos to, & him ssegde ]>cet he }?a for^feran sceolde. pa wseron hie ealle sona unrote, & sarlice gebserdon, iris flock be- & bis cwsedon to him : ‘ Cur nos, pater, deseris aut cui nos proacinng desolatos relinquisV ‘Forhwon forlsetest J?u, fseder, us niigit, o|))?e gif ¥u gewitest, hwsem bebeodest ])U us F Cuma^ arisende wulfas, todrifa^ ^ine heorde ; hwa forstande]? hie, gif ^u hie ne scyldest 1 We witon ^cet is |?ines modes willa, \ciet ])U mote |)as world forlsetan & Crist geseon. Ah miltsa Jju hwe]?re us & gemyne |m ure hearfa.’ Da he |?a |)as word sprsec, & he hine ealle wepende geseah, ]?a weop he eac sylf & his mod wses onstyred mid ])sem heora wordum, swa he wses manna mild- heortost ; & he mid wependre stefne ^us to Drihtne cwse^ : ‘ Si adhuc po'pulo tuo sum necessarius' ‘Drihten,’ cwse^, ‘gif ic nugit sie J>inum folce ned|)earflic her on worlde to hsebbenne, jjonne ne wi^sace ic j^sem gewinne, ah sie ]?ses |)in willa.’ Wses he toJ)ses arfsest \>oet him wses seghwe|)er on weorce ge \cet he leng from Cristes onsyne wsere, * ¥set he ]?one gesawe. He }?a * p. 269. for^on Drihtnes willan sohte & bus cwse^, ‘ Min Drihten, lono-e st. Martin ^ ? o was not afraid ic wses nil on ¥sem heardam campe her on worlde, ac jjonne ^®ath. hwe)>re ne wi^sace ic |?on ]>oet ic on j^sem campe leng sie, gif hit ]?in willa swi|)or bi^ ; ac ic mid jjinum wsepnum getrymed on }>inum fe])an fseste stande & for jjinre campunga, ])a hwile ]?e }>in willa bi^.’ Wses him segwe^er j^sem eadigan were ge seo Codes lufu tosses hat & tosses beorht on his heortan, ^eah he for ¥sem 15 226 FESTIVAL OF ST. MARTIN. for it when he might depart from this world. And so gi'eat was his love of men that no labour here in the world appeared too long or too hard, provided that he might win their souls to salvation and counsel. He was attacked by the fever for very many days, but he nevertheless never ceased from God’s work, but he sometimes all night kept a vigil in holy prayers ; and though his body was so much afflicted by his sick- ness, nevertheless his mind w’as firm and joyful in the Lord. And when he rested himself, his noblest bed was on his chest, or else on the naked earth. When his disciples asked that they might put under him some paltry litter on account of his sickness, then he replied, ‘ Children, do not ask that. It is not befitting a Christian man to do otherwise, except to lie upon ashes and upon dust. If I give you example of aught else, I should then be guilty.’ And ever where he lay he had his hands ujDward, and with his eyes looked up to heaven, whither his mind’s thought was ever set. And the servants of God that came to him begged that they might turn him on the other side ; and then he said to them, ‘ Sinite, fratres, sinite, coelum jpotius resjnce.’ ‘ Cease brothers, cease,’ he said, ‘ let me rather see heaven than earth, that there may be for my spirit the way to the Lord whither it shall go.’ When he had thus spoken, then he saw the accursed spirit, the devil, standing near him. Then said he unto him, ‘ Quid adstas, cruenda hestia? nihil in me rejperies’ ‘Why standest thou, blood-thirsty [beast, thus at hand 1 Thou wilt not find in me aught that is punishable; but me will the patriarch Abraham receive into his dwelling in eternity.’ After these words, the soul forthwith departed from its afflicted body to God]. TO SANCTE MAllTINES MAOSSAN. 227 ilea|je ne forlitode, ah hine ^ses licardost langode livvanne he of ¥isse worlde moste. & him jjoiine waes eac manna lufu tosses mycel \xjet him naenig gewin her on worlde to lang ne to heard ne jjuhte, }>8es |)e lie heora saulimi to heele & to raede gewinnan mihte. pa waes he dao;as wel niaiime mid bsere feforadle swibe newasat- gestanden, ah he }>eah nsefre godes weorces ne ahlon, ah he hwilum ealle nilit Jnirh wacode on halgum gebediim ; & ]?eah \>q se lichoma waere mid peere lintrumnesse swa swi^e geswenced, steadfast, hwepre his mod waes aheard & gefeonde on Drihten. & ponne he * reste hine, ponne wses his seo eepeleste raest on his earan ^ oppe * p. i69. , 1 ? earcan. elles on nacodre eor^an. pa baedon hine his discipulos \cet hie mostan huru same uncyme streownesse him under gedon for his untrumnesse ; pa cwse^ he, ‘ Bearn, ne bidde ge pses ; ne geda- fena^ Cristenan men ’^cet he elles do, butan swa he efne on axan Sc on duste liege ; gif ic eow opres binges bysene onstelle, ponne agylte ic. & a pser he lasg, he haefde his handa upweardes & mid his eagum up to heofenum locade, pyder his modgepanc a geseted wses. Da bsedan hine pa Godes peowas pa ^e ^ser to him coman, He would not ^ ^ ^ permit his hoet hie hine moston on opre sidan oncyrran ; & pa ewse^ he to servants to * •* f gjye Ijjuj ease him, ‘ Sinite jd’atres, sinite, coelum jpotius res'pice! ‘ Forleta^, broker,’ he ewse^ pa sprsece ; ^ forlseta^ me, heofon swipor geseon ponne eor^an, minum gaste sie to Drihtne weg pyder he feran sceah’ pa he pa pus sprsec, ^a geseah he pone awergdan The^deyii gast deofol pser unfeor standan \ ^a ewse^ he to him, ‘ Quid ti»e last. adstas cruenda hestia ? nihil in me re})j)er\i\es! ‘ Hwset standest puwselgrima . . . . The rest is lacking. 15—2 228 ST. ANDREW. XIX. ST. ANDEEW. Jt is here said that after the Lord Jesus Christ ascended up to heaven, the Apostles were together, and they cast lots among them whither each of them should go to teach. It is said that the blessed Matthew was allotted to the city of Marmadonia ; it is said more- over that the men of that city ate not bread, neither drank water, but ate men’s flesh and drank their blood; and whatsoever stranger came to the city, it is said that they straightway took him and thrust out his eyes ; and they gave them to drink poison mingled by powerful magic, and when they had drunk it, forthwith their heart was dissolved and their mind changed. The blessed Matthew went therefore to that city, and straightway they took him and thrust out his eyes, and they gave him poison to drink, and they sent him to prison and bade him swallow the poison, but he would not ; wherefore his heart was not dissolved nor his mind changed ; but he prayed continually to the Lord with much weeping, and said, ‘ My Lord J esus Christ, forasmuch as we all left our kin, and followed thee, and thou art the support of us all who believe on thee, — behold now and see how these men act towards thy servant. And I pray thee. Lord, that thou grant me the light of mine eyes, that I may see those who prepare for me in this city the worst torments; and forsake me not. Lord Jesus Christ, and give me not up to this most bitter death.’ When the blessed Matthew had uttered this prayer, a great and very bright light illumined the prison, and the Lord’s voice was in the light, saying, ‘Matthew, my beloved one, look on me.’ Then Matthew looking, beheld the Lord Christ ; S. ANDllKAS. 229 XIX. S. ANDREAS. r TT I’sst sefter j^am ]je Driliten Hselend Crist to lieo- L-^-^ fonum astali, ])8et ]>sl apostoli wseron set-somne ; and hie sendon hlot him betweoniim, hwider hyra gehwylc faran scolde to IcEranne. Seg]? ]>sdt se eadiga Matheus gehleat to Marma- donia J?3ere ceastre ; seg^ |)onne |?8et jja men Jje on ]?8ere ceastre wseron jjaet hi hlaf ne seton, ne wseter ne druncon, ac seton manna lichaman, and heora blod druncon. And seghwylc man ]?e on ]?sere ceastre com 3el}?eodisc, seg^ |?8et hie hine sona gena- mon and his eagan ilt-astungon ; and hie him sealdon attor drincan |?8et mid myclen lyb-craefte wses geblanden ; and mid ]?y |)e hie ]^one drenc druncon, hraj)e heora heorta wees to-lesed and heora mod onwended. Se eadiga Matheus ]?a ineode on Jja ceastre, and hra^e hie hine genanion and his eagan ut-astungan ; and hie him sealdon attor drinccan, and hine^] * sendon on car- cern, & hie hine heton ]>CBt attor etan ; & he hit etan nolde. For^on ]>e his heorte nses tolysedu, ne his mod naes onwended ; ah he wses simle hine to Drihtne gebiddende mid myclum wope, & cwse^ to him, ‘ Min Drihten Hselend Crist, for^on we ealle forleton ure cneorisne & waeron ]?e fylgende, & |)u eart ure ealra fultum, ^a ]>e on ]>e gelyfa^, beheald nu & geseoh hu }>as men |?inum ^eowe do]?. & ic }>e bidde, Dryhten, pcet J)U me forgife minra eagena leoht, pcBt ic geseo |ja me onginna^ don on })isse ceastre ^a werrestan tintrega ; & ne forlaet me, min Drihten Hselende Crist, ne J?u me ne syle on ]?one biterestan dea^.’ & mid ]?y }>e he |?is gebed se eadiga Matheus gecweden hsefde, mycel leoht & frea beorht onlyhte pcet carcern; & Drihtnes stefn waes geworden to him on jiseni leohte cwejiende, ‘ Matheus, min se leofa, beheald on me.’ Se eadiga Matheus ]>a lociende The apostles cast lots as to where they should go and preach. Matthew went to Mar- niadonia. The people of that place maltreated him. *p.271. 1 From the Cambridge MS. c.c.c: S. 8, lie prayed for help to God. The Lord appeared to St. Matthew and promised to send Andrew to him. 230 ST. ANDEEW. and again the Lord’s voice said, ‘ Matthew, be thou strengthened, and be not afraid, for I will never forsake thee ; but I will deliver thee from all danger, and all thy brethren, and all those who believe on me in all times for ever. But abide liere seven and twenty nights, and after that I will send to thee Andrew thy brother, and he shall bring thee out of this prison, and all those that are with thee.’ After this was said, the Lord again addressed him, ‘ Peace be with thee, Matthew.’ Then he continued in prayers, and sang the Lord’s praises in the prison. And the wicked people came into the prison, that they might bring out the men and eat them. Then the blessed Matthew shut his eyes lest the murderers should see that his eyes had been opened ; and they said one to another, ‘ Three days yet remain, then will we kill him and eat him.’ "When the blessed Matthew had fulfilled twenty days, then spake the Lord Jesus Christ to Andrew his apostle, when that he was in the land of Achaia and taught his disciples there, saying, ‘ Go to the city of Marmadonia, and bring Matthew thy brother from out of the prison ; for three days yet remain, and then they will slay and eat him.’ The holy Andrew answered and said, ‘ My Lord Jesus Christ, how can I go thither in three days ? it were better I think that thou shouldst send thine angel, who may perform the journey more speedily ; for thou knowest, my Lord, that I am but a man of flesh, and I cannot perform this journey veiy quickly, for the way thither is too long, and I know not the road.’ The Lord said to him, ‘Andrew, hearken to me, for it is I that made thee, and I have fixed and determined this journey for thee ; go now therefore to the sea shore with thy disciples, and thou shalt find there a boat on the strand ; embark in it with thy disciples.’ And when he had said this the Lord Jesus continued to speak, saying, ‘Peace be with thee and with all thy disciples;’ and he ascended into heaven. Tunc Sanctus Andreas surgens mane ahiit ad mare cum discipidis suis, et vidit naviculain in litore et intra nave sedentes tres viros. Then the holy Andrew arose in the morning, and went to the sea with his disciples, and he saw S. ANDREAS. 231 geseah Driliten Crist ; & eft Driliteii wses cwejjende, ‘ Matlieus, wes J)U gestrangod & ne ondra3d })U j?e, * for|?on ne forlsete ic ])e * p. 272 . jefre ; all ic ]>e gefreolsige of ealre freceimesse, & ealle jiine brojjor, & ealle ]ia J>e on me gelyfa^ eallum tidurn on ecnesse. Ac onbid her seofon & twentig nihta ; sefter |ion ic sende to jic Andreas ]?inne bro]?or, ^oet he |?e utalsede]? of jiyssiim carcerne, & ealle ])a ^e mid |?e syndon.’ & mid ]?y ]?e |?is gecweden waes, Driliten him eft tocwse^, ‘Sib sy mid |ie, Matlieus.’ He |>a |)urhwunigende mid gebedum waes Drihtnes lof singende on ]>sem carcerne. & |ia unrihtan men ineodan on ]>cet carcern, ^cet The wretches hie }ia men utlsedan woldan & him to mete don. Se eadiga nia^Sded Matheus ])a betynde his eagan, Jie lies |>a cwelleras gesawon \oit the'apostie. his eagan geopenode wseron, & hie cwaedon him betweonum, ‘ pry dagas nu to lafe syndon, ]>oet we hine willa^ acwellan & us to mete gedon.’ Se eadiga Matheus }ia gefylde .xx. daga. The Lord pa Driliten Haelend Crist cwae^ to ^sem halgan Andrea his Itl^Andrew apostole, mid by be he wees m Achaia bsem lande & Jiser laerde go to st. Mat- thew. his discipuli, he cwse^, ‘Gang on Merme*donia ceastre, & alsede *p. 273 . jjonon Matheum ]>inne brojior of ]?8em carcerne, forjion ]?e nu git J>ry dagas to lafe syndon, ]?8et liie hine willa^ acwellan & him to mete don.’ Se halga Andreas him andswarede, & he cwse¥, Andrew is ‘Min Driliten Hselende Crist, hu maeg ic hit on brim daguni undertake the journey in the gefaran '? ac ma wen is \mt ]?u onsende |)inne engel, se hit maeg time given hraedlicor geferan ; for¥on, min Driliten, ]ni wast ^oet ic eoni flaesclic man, & ic hit ne maeg hraedlicor jiider geferan, for^on )?e, min Driliten, se sijifaet is })yder to lang, & )?one weg ic ne con.’ Driliten Crist him tocwae^, ‘ Andreas, gehyre me, for^on J>e ic }>e geworhte, & ic Jiinne si]?faet gesta^elode & getrymede. Gang nu to ¥aes saes waro^e mid ]?inum discipulum ; & ]>u ]>aer gemetst scip on jiaem waro^e ; & astig on ]>set mid jiinum disci- pulum.’ & mid ]?y ]?e he Jiis cwae^ Driliten Haelend ¥agit waes sprecende & cwae^, ‘ Sib mid j^e & mid eallum ]>inum disci- pulum.’ & he astag on heofenas. Tunc S'anctus Andreas surgens mane abiit ad mare cum discipulis suis, et 2iidit nauiculam * in * p- 274. litore, et intra naue sedentes tres uiros. Se halga Andreas |)a aras on morgen, & he eode to Jiaere sae mid his discipulum ; & 23Ji ST. ANDREW. a boat on the shore and three men sitting therein, and he rejoiced with great joy, and said to them, ‘ Brethren, whither sail ye with this small boat?’ The Lord Jesus was in the boat as the steersman, and his two angels with him, who were changed into human form. The Lord Christ replied, ^ [We go] to the city of Marmadonia.’ The holy Andrew answered and said, ‘ Brother, take us with you into the boat, and bring us to that city.’ The Lord said to him, ‘All men flee from that city; wherefore will ye go thither?’ The holy Andrew answered him and said, ‘We have an unimportant errand thither, and yet it is needful that we fulfil it.’ The Lord Jesus said to him, ‘ Come into the ship to us, and give us your passage money.’ The holy Andrew answered him, ‘ Listen, brothers ; we have no passage money, but we are disciples of the Lord Jesus Christ, whom he chose : and he gave us this command- ment, saying. When ye go to preach the gospel take with you neither bread nor money, nor twofold raiment. If thou therefore wilt do us kindness, tell us so quickly, but if thou wilt not, at least make known to us the way.’ The Lord Jesus said to him, ‘ Seeing this commandment was given to you by your Lord, ascend therefore hither joyfully into my boat.’ The holy Andrew ascended into the boat, and he sat before the steersman, who was the Lord Jesus Christ. The Lord Jesus said to him, ‘ I see that these brethren are wearied of the roughness of the sea : ask them whether they will get out to land, and await thee there until thou fulfil thy business at the place whither thou art sent, and shalt return again to them.’ The holy Andrew said to them, ‘ My children, will ye go to land, and await me there ? ’ His disciples answered and said, ‘ If we depart from thee, then be we cut off from all the good things that thou hast prepared for us ; but we will remain with thee whithersoever thou goest.’ The Lord Jesus said to the holy Andrew, ‘ If thou beest truly the disciple of him who is called Christ, speak to thy disciples con- cerning the miracles which thy teacher wrought, that their hearts may be S. ANDREAS. 233 lie geseuli scip on })£em warjie & |>ry vveras on jisem sittende ; & he wees gefeonde mycliim gefean, & him to cwsej), ‘ Brojior, hwyder wide feran mid }>ys medmyclum scipe?’ Driliten Haelende Crist wees on jiaeni scipe swa se steorrejira, & his twegen englas mid him Jia weeron gehwyrfde on manna onsyne. Drihten Crist him Jia to cwee^, ‘ On Mermedonia ceastre.’ Se halga Andreas him onc^swerede & cw^ee^, ‘ Broker, onfoh us mid eow on \cet scip, & geleeda}> us on ]?a ceastre.’ Drihten him to cwee^, ‘ Ealle men fleo]? of jieere ceastre ; to hwam wide ge Jiyder faran '? ’ Se halga Andreas him andswerede, he cwee]?, ‘Medmycel eerende we ]>yder habba^, & us is fiearf '^cet we hit ]>eh gefyllon.’ Drihten Heelende Crist him to cwee^, ‘Astiga^ on |?is scip to us, & syllaj? us eowerne fer- sceat.’ Se halga Andreas him andswerede, ‘ Gehyraji gebrojior, ne habba^ * we fersceat ; ah we syndon discipuli Drill [t]nes *p. 275. Heelendes Cristes j?a he geceas, & jiis bebod he us sealde & he cwee^, “ ponne ge faran godspel to leerenne, jionne nsebbe ge mid eow lilaf, ne feoh, ne twyfeald hraegl.” Gif ]ni Jionne wide mildheortnesse us don, scege us ]>cet hrsedlice. Gif jm jionne nede, gecyjie us swa |?eah ]>one weg.’ Drihten him to He was taken cwae^, ‘ Gif ]ns gebod eow wsere geseald fram eowrum Drilitne, without pay- ing passage astiga^ hider mid gefean on min scip.’ Se halga Andreas |ia naoney. astag on ^cet scip mid his discipulum, & he gesaet be ]?£em steorre]?ran ])0es scipes, \cet wees Drihten Haelend Crist. The steers- Drihten Haelend Crist him to ewse^, ‘ Ic geseo ^cet Jias bro- Jesus. ])or synd geswencede of ^isse ssewe hreonesse, axa hie hwejier foiioIvCTrwere hie woldon to eor|ian astigan, & jiin Jiaer onbidan, o]>])set ]m rmSghn'esfof gefylle Jiine Jiegnunge to ]i 8 ere |>e )ni sended eart, & ^u Jionne eft hwyrfest^ to him. Se halga Andreas him to ewse^, ‘Mini ms. beam, willa]? ge astigan on eor¥an & min jiser onbidan.’ His discipuli him and-swaredon & ewaedon, ‘ Gif we gewita]> fram jie, * |?onne beo we fremde from eadum jiaem godum ]?e |m us * p . 276. gegearwodest ; ac we beo|> mid Jie swa hwyder swa ])u fserest.’ Drihten Hselend him to ewaej) to jisem, ‘ Gif pu sy sojilice his discipul se is eweden Crist, spree to Jiinum discipulum be jisem nifegenum pe |nn lareow dyde, pmtiQ sy geblissad heora 234 ST. ANDREW. cheered, and they may forget the terror of the sea.’ The holy Andrew said to his disciples ; ‘ Once upon a time when we were with our Lord, we ascended with him on board ship, and he appeared to us as though he were asleep, to prove us, and he caused the sea to become rough with the wind, so that the waves mounted over the ship. But we were then greatly afraid, and cried to him, our Lord Jesus Christ ; and then he arose and commanded the wind that it should be still, and a great calmness came over the sea ; and all those who saw his work were afraid. Inow, therefore, my children, fear not ye, for our God will not forsake us.’ And thus saying, the holy Andrew laid his head upon one of his disciples, and slept. The Lord Jesus perceived that the holy Andrew slept, and said to his angels, ^Take Andrew and his disciples, and set them before the city of Marmadonia, and when ye have placed them there, return to me.’ And then the angels did as it was commanded them, and the Lord ascended up to heaven. 'When the morning was come, the holy Andrew lay before the city of Marmadonia, and his dis- ciples asleep with him. And he awoke them and said, ‘Arise, my children, and learn the mercy of God, which has now been shown towards us ; for we know that it was our Lord who was with us in the boat, and we knew him not ; he humbled himself to be a steersman and showed himself to us as a man, to prove us.’ Then the holy Andrew looked towards heaven, and said, ‘ My Lord Jesus Christ, I know that thou art not far from thy servants ; and I beheld thee in the boat and spake with thee as with a man. Mow therefore. Lord, I pray thee that thou appear to me in this place.’ When this was said, the Lord appeared unto him, his face like that of a fair child, and said to him, ^Andrew, look on me, with thy disciples.’ Then the holy Andrew prayed and said, ‘ Forgive me, my Lord, that I spake to thee as to a man, and perhaps I have sinned in that I knew thee not.’ The Lord said to him, ‘ Andrew, thou didst no whit sin ; but for this cause I did it, for that thou saidst that thou couldst not journey to this place in three days. Therefore I so appeared to thee, for I am mighty in word S. ANDREAS. 235 heorte, & hie syn ofergytende bisse ssewe e^e.’ Se luil^a «t. Andrew ’ ^ ^ . . exhorts them Andreas ba cwse^ to his discipidum, ‘ Sumre tide mid by be J ^ ' w I courage, and we waeron mid urum Drihtne, we astigon mid him on sci]), & he aeteowde us swa lie slaepeiide wsere to costianne, ond the sea he dyde swi|?e hreonesse ^sere ssewe, fram ]?[Em winde wses gewor- den, swa jta sylfan y|?a waeron ahafene ofer ^cet scip ; we us ]?a swi|?e ondredon & eegdon to him Drihtne Heelendum Criste, & he jja aras & behead jjsem winde \cEt he gestilde; ¥a W06S geworden mycel smyltnes on jjeere sse ; & hi hine ondre- don ealle ]?a }?e his weorc gesawon. Nu ]?onne, rain beam, ne ondrfedaj? ge eow, forjjon ]>e ure God lis ne forlaete]?.’ Ond |)us cwe|)ende se halga Andreas asette his heafod ofer senne his dis- cipula & he onslep. Drihten Haelende Crist }ja wiste, for*¥on * p. 277 . ])G se halga Andreas ]?a slep. He cwsej) to his englum, ‘Geniina]? fve„ftoskep Andreas & his discipuli & asetta^ hie beforan Mermedonia angers carried ceastre j & mid j^y ^e ge hie ]? 8 er asetton, hweorfa^ eft to me.’ Inadonia.'^'* pa englas }>a dydon swa him bebodep wees ; & he astag on heofenas. Da se morgen geworden wses beforan Mermedonia ceastre, & his discipulos ^ser slaepende wseron mid him, & he hie awehte & cwse^, ‘ Arisa^ ge, mine beam, & ongyta^ Codes mildheortnesse, seo is nu mid us geworden. AViton we ^cEt ure Drihten mid us wees on scipe, & we hine ne ongeaton ; he hine geea^medde swa steorre^ra, & he hine seteowde swa swa man us to costisenne.’ Se halga Andreas ]?a locode on heofenas & he cw£e^, ‘ Min Drihten Hselend Crist, ic wat \cet |?u ne eart feor fram j?inum jjeowum, & ic pe beheold on ]> 8 em scipe & ic wses to ^e sprecende sw[a] to^ men. Nu |?onne, Drihten, ic ]je i Ms.^wto. bidde hcet bu me be aeteowe on bisse stowe.’ pa ^is gecweden The Lord again appear- wses, Drihten him aeteowde his onsyne on faegeres cildes heowe, to him, & him to cwae^, ‘Andreas, gefeoh^ mid |?inum discipulu??^.’ Se halga Andreas jja hine gebaed & cwae^, ‘Forgif me, * Drihten ^ ? geseoh. ^^oet ic to ^e sprecende waes swa to men ; wen is \^cet ic gefy- renode, for^on }>e ic ]?e ongeat.’ Drihten him ]?a to cwae^, ‘ Andreas, ne gefyrenodest ]>u nan wuht, ah for^on ^u cwaede })U hit ne mihte on ^rini dagum hider gefaran, forjjon ic J>e swa aeteowde, for|>on ic eom mihtig mid worde swa eal to donne. 236 ST. ANDREW. to do all things, and to appear to every man as it pleaseth me. Now therefore arise, and go into the city to Matthew thy brother, and bring him out of the city, and all those who are with him. Only I make known unto thee, Andrew, that they shall bring many torments upon thee, and shall scatter thy body through the streets of the city, so that thy blood shall flow upon the earth like water, and they will lead thee forth to death, but they shall not be able to kill thee, but many pains they may bring upon thee. But do thou notwithstanding endure all these things, Andrew, and do not thou after their unbelief. [Nemember how many afflictions] I suffered of the Jews, who scourged me and spat upon my face. But all this I endured, that I might show you in what manner ye ought to suffer. [Hearken to me, Andrew, and endure these torments, for many are they in this city who shall believe on my name.’ When that the Lord Jesus Christ had said this, he ascended into heaven. Then went the holy Andrew into the city with his disciples, and no man might see him. When they came to the prison door, there found they seven guards standing. The holy Andrew then prayed in his heart, and straightway they became dead men. Then went the holy Andrew to the door of the prison, and he made the sign of Christ’s cross, and immediately the doors were opened, and he entered into the prison with his disciples, and saw the blessed Matthew sitting alone singing. Then the blessed Matthew and the holy Andrew kissed one another, and the holy Andrew said to him, ‘ How is it, brother, that thou art found here I There are now yet three days, and then they will slay thee and eat thee.’ The holy Matthew answered him and said, ‘ Brother Andrew, didst thou not hear the Lord say, Lo, I send you forth as sheep in the midst of wolves ? It came to pass therefore, when they sent me to this prison, that I prayed our Lord that he would appear, and straightway he showed himself to me, and said to me, Abide here twenty-seven days, and after that I will send Andrew thy brother to thee, and he shall bring thee out of this prison, and S. ANDREAS. 237 & anra geliwylcum to seteoweiine swa liwset swa me lica^. Nu iie bade him go into tlie jjonne arts & gang on ceastre to Matlieum jjinum bre})er, & alaede |?onne hine of ¥are ceastre & ealle ]?a ^e mid him syndon. j^way with Eno ic })e gecyj>e, Andreas, forjjon ]>g manega tintrega hie J)e on- bringa^, & }>inne liclioman geond jjisse ceastre lanan hie tostencea^, swa ^cBttG ]?in blod flew|> ofer eor^an swa swa waeter. To dea¥e. hie |)e willaj> gelsedan, ac hi ne magon ; ac manega earfo^nessa hie ]?e magon ongebringan, ah ])onne hwejjre arsefne }>u |>a ealle Andreas, & ne do j)u setter heora ungeleaffulnesse. [Gemiine ge hu manega earfo^nesse] fram ludeum ic wses ^rowiende, hie me swunsfon, & hi me spsetlsedon on minne ondwleotan : ah eal ic i Cambridge MS. c.c.c. hit arsefnede ic eow seteowe hwylciim gemete ge sceolan s. s. arsefnan. [Gehiere^ me Andreas, and arsefna ]?as tintrego, for]?on manige synt on bisse ceastre ba sculon geleofan on minne naman.’ Mid |)i he |>is cwse^, Drihten Hselend Crist, he astah on heofonas, Se haliga Andreas |>a ineode on |?a ceastre mid his discipulum. and nsenig man hine ne mihte geseon. Mid \\ ])G hie comon to |:8es carcernes dyru, hie jjser gemetton seofon hyrdas standan. Se haliga Andreas |)a gebsed on his heortan, and ra^e hio weeron deade. Se halga Andreas ]>a eode to j^ses carcernes duru, and He then went ^ to the prison he worhte Cristes rode tacen, and rabe ba dura wseron ontynede, where st. . . , , J ^ Matthew was; and he ineode on jtset carcern mid his discipulum, and he geseah }>one eadigan Matheus senne sitton singende. Se eadiga Matheus J?a and se haliga Andreas hie wseron cyssende him betweonon. Se halga Andreas him to-cwse^, ‘ Hwset is jjset, brojjor % hu eart ]?u her gemet % Nu j>ry dagas to lafe syndon )?set hie |?e willa|> acwellan, and him to mete gedon.’ Se halga Matheus him andswarode, and he cwse^, ‘ Brobor Andreas, ac ne gehyrdest He took \ .. . Matthew out Jju Drihten cwe])ende, forjjon ])e ic eow sende swa swa sceap of prisoi?. on middum wulfum h panon wses geworden, mid ]?y ]?e hie me sendon on J)is carcern, ic bsed urne Drihten jjset he hine seteowde, and hraj?e he me hine seteowde, and he me to- cwse^, “ Onbid her xxvii daga, and aefter Jjon ic sende to ]?e Andreas |)inne brojtor, and he |?e ut-alset of |)issum carcerne and ealle |)a mid |)e syndon.” Swa me Drihten to-cwse|?, ic gesie. Broker, hwset sculon we nu don 1 ’ Se halga Andreas 238 ST. ANDREW. all those that are with thee. As the Lord said to me, I now behold it done : and now, brother, what shall we do 1 ’ Tlien the holy Andrew and the holy Matthew prayed to the Lord, and after the prayer the holy Andrew put his hand upon the men’s eyes who had been blinded, and they received their sight ; and afterwards he set his hand upon their hearts, and their understanding returned to them again. The holy Andrew said to them, ‘ Go to the lower part of this city, and there ye shall find a great fig tree ; sit under it, and eat of its fruit until I come to you.’ They said to the holy Andrew, ‘ Come now with us, for thou art our ruler, lest haply they catch us again and put us to the worst torments.’ The holy Andrew said to them, ‘ Go ye thither, for nothing shall hurt you nor trouble you.’ And straightway they all went as the holy Andrew bade them ; and there were in the prison two hundred and eight and forty men, and nine and forty women, whom the holy Andrew sent forth therefrom ; and he (the holy Andrew) caused the blessed Matthew to go eastward with his disciples, and they settled upon the hill where the blessed apostle Peter was. And he dwelt there with him. Then went the holy Andrew out of the prison, and he began to go out through the midst of the city, and came to a certain place where he saw a column standing, and upon the column a brazen image. And he sat down by the column waiting what should happen to him. Then went out those wicked people that they might bring forth the men and eat them, and they found the prison door open, and the seven guards lying dead. AYhen they saw that, they returned again to their rulers and said, ‘ We found your prison open, and entering in we found no man there.’ MTien the chiefs of the priests heard that, they said among themselves, ‘ What may this be ? Perhaps some miracle has come into the prison, and slain the keepers and suddenly released those who were shut up there.’ After these things the devil appeared in the likeness of a youth and said to them, ‘ Hearken to me and seek out here a certain stranger whose name is Andrew, and kill him : ANDREAS. 239 Jja and se halga Matlieiis gebsedon to Drilitnc, and setter j^on gebede se baliga Andreas sette bis band ofer bara wera eagan Andrew re- ® ^ ^ ^ ° stored siglit to be bser on lande wseron, and gesibbe bie onfengon. And eft numt)er of ^ •> o j o persons who be sette bis band ofer biora beortan, and beora andgeat bim eft to-bwirfde. Se baliga Andreas bim to-cwse^, ‘ Ganga^ on |)as nijjeran dselas J>isse ceastre, and ge ]?ser gemeta^ mycel fic-treow: sitta^ under bim and eta^ of bis wsestmum o^ |) 8 et ic eow to- cyme.’ Hi cwsedon to |)am balgan Andrea, ^ Cum nu mid us, for})on ]?e ])U eart ure wealdend, |>y Ises wen is J^set bi us eft genimon and on |?a wyrstan tintregu bie us ongebringan.’ Se baliga Andreas bim to-cwse^, ‘Fara^ ]?ider, forjjon jje eow nsenig wibt ne dera^ ne ne swence]).’ And bra¥e bie |)a ealle ferdon, swa bim se balga Andreas bebead. And jjser wseron on ]> 8 em iie found two liundred and carcerne twa bund and eabta and feowertig wera, and nigon and forty-eight men and feowertig wifa, ¥a se baliga Andreas banon onsende. And bone forty-nine ^ ' * women in the eadigan Matbeum be gedyde gangan to ]>am east-dsele mid bis dis- prison, cipulum and se baliga Andreas asetton on }>a dune \> 3 dr se eadiga st. Mattiiew All i*ri^® directed to Petrus se apostol waes. And be bser wunode mid bim. Se baliga ?o to st. A. . I'eter. Andreas jia uteode of |> 9 em carcerne, and be ongan gangan ut j^urb midde j)a ceastre, and be com to sumre stowe, and be J) 9 er geseab swer standan, and ofer ]?one swer seme onlicnesse. And be gesset be bam swere anbidende bwset bim gelimpan scolde. Da unribte The Marma- men ba eodon bset bie ba men utgelseddon, and bie to mete to the prison gedon. And bie gemetton J)ses carcernes duru opene, and ]?a captives gone. seofon byrdas deade licgan. Mid |>y ]?e bie jjset gesawon bie eft bwirfdon to biora ealdormannum, and bie cwsedon, ‘pm carcern open we gemetton, and ingangende nsenige ^ we |?ser gemetton.’ Mid |?i ]>e bie gebyrdon Jjara sacerda ealdormen, and bie cwsedon bim betweonan, ‘ Hwset wile ]?is wesan '? Wen is ])set bwilc wundor ineode on Jjset carcern and })a byrdas acwselde, and somnunga ^ ]>y jjser betynede wseron.’ JEfter The devil ap- • 1 • 1 1 c 1 *1 1* 11*- pears to them biossum bim seteowde deoiol on cnibtes onlicnysse, and bim to- and teiis , them to kill cwse¥, ‘ Gebyra^ me, and seca^ ber sumne sel])eodigne man }>ses Andrew, nama is Andreas, and acwella^ bine. He |>set is se jja gebunde- “ MS. msenige. A word lost. Read somnunga alysde ba \e bser &c. 240 ST. ANDREW. he it is that brouglit out of the prison those who lay bound there, and he is now in this city : if ye now know him, hasten, my children, and slay him.’ The holy Andrew said to the devil, ‘ 0 thou shaft hard- ened to all wickedness, thou that dost ever fight against mankind ! I\Iy Lord Jesus Christ hath trodden thee down in hell.’ ^Yhen the devil heard this he said to him, ‘ I hear thy voice but I know not where thou art.’ The holy Andrew said to him, ‘ Inasmuch as thou art blind thou seest not any of Grod’s holy ones.’ Then said the devil to the people, ‘ Behold je and see him, for he it is that spake to me.’ The townspeople ran and shut the gates of the city, and they sought the holy Andrew that they might take him. The Lord Jesus appeared then to the holy Andrew and said to him, ‘ Arise, Andrew, and show yourself to them, that they may perceive my power to be in thee.’ Then the holy Andrew arose in the sight of the people and said, ‘ I am Andrew whom ye seek.’ Then the people ran and took him and said, ‘Inasmuch as thou diddest thus to us, we will repay thee again.’ And they took counsel how they might slay him. Then went the devil among them and said to the people, ‘ If it so please you, let us put a rope about his neck, and drag him through the streets of the city, and let us do this until he die, and when he is dead, let us divide his body among our townsfolk.’ And when all the people heard that, it pleased them, and straightway they put a rope about his neck, and they dragged him through the streets of the city. And while the blessed Andrew was thus dragged along, his flesh was mingled with the ground so that his blood flowed upon the earth like water. And when evening was come they put him into the prison, and bound his hands behind him and left him ; and all his body was crushed. So also on the next day they did the same to him. Then cried the holy Andrew and said, ‘My Lord Jesus Christ, come and see what they do to me thy servant; and I endure it all for thy commandment which thou gavest me, saying. Do not thou after their unbelief. Behold, Lord, and see S. ANDREAS. 241 nan of ]?issum carcerne utaloedde, and he is nu on |?isse ceastre ; ge bine nil witon, efsta^ mine beam and acwella^ bine.’ Se haliga Andreas ba ewse^ to j?am deofle, ‘ Ana bu beardeste striel ^ st. Andrew strives with to seglnvilcre unribtnesse ; }m ])e simle fibtest \vi^ manna cyn. the devil. Mm Dribten Hselend Crist |)e gebnsede in belle.’ pget deofol j>a be ])is gebyrde, be him to-cwie^, ‘ pine stefne ic gebiere, ac ic ne wat bwser jju eart.’ Se baliga Andreas bim to-cwse^, ‘ ForJjon pe |ju eart blind |)U ne gesibst aenigne of Codes jjam balgum.’ pset deofol ]>a cwse^ to ]?am folce, ‘ Bebealda^ eow and geseo^ bine, for])on ]?e be ]?8et is se |)e wi'^ me sprsec.’ Da burh-leode J>a union, and hi betyndon ))8ere ceastre gatu, and hie sobton J?8ene halgan Andreas ]> 0 et hie bine genamon. Dribten Haelend bine J>a seteowde |jam baligan Andrea, and bim to-cwse^, ‘ Andrea aris, and gecy^ him jjset hie ongieton mm meegen on ]je wesan.’ Se haliga Andreas ]?a aras on |?8es folces gesihjje, and Andrew gives he cwee^, ‘Ic eom se Andreas ]?e ge seca|>.’ pset folc ]?a arn, and hie bine genamon and cwsedon, ‘ForJjon ];u us ]?us dydest we hit ]?e forgylda^.’ And hie jiohton hu hie bine acwellan meahton. pa wses se deofol ingangende, and cwae^ to jjam They drag ^ .. ^ him about the folce, ‘Cif eow swa beige uton sendon rap on bis swyran, and city by a rope, bine teon ]?urb ]?isse ceastre lanan, and j?is uton we don oJ?]?8et be swelte. And mid ]>i ]>e be dead sie, uton we dselaii bis lichaman ururn burb-leodum.’ And }?a call ])8ef folc ]?8et gehi- erde, hit him licode, and bra^e hie sendon rap on bis sweoran, and hie bine tugon geond ]jaere ceastre lanan. Mid }>i ]>e se aii ids body . was crushed eadiga Andreas waes togen Ins licbama wies gemenge^ mid |)8ere and h’^hesh eor^an, swa ]? 0 et blod fleow ofer eor^an swa weeter. Da aefen the ground, geworden wees, hi bine sendon on |)3et carcern, and hie gebun- den his banda bebindan, and hie bine forleton ; and eall bis Hchama [wses] gelysed. Swilce o))re dsege ]?iet ilce hie dydon. Se haliga Andreas |)a weop, and be cwse^, ‘ Min Dribten Hselend Crist, cum and geseoh ]?8et hie me do^ ])inum )>eowe ; and eall ic bit arsefnie for jjinuin gebode, ]>e ]m me sealdest, and |)U cwsede, “ Ne do aefter biora ilngeleafulnesse.” Bebeald, Compare the parallel passage in the poetical legend of St. Andreiv, ll. 2380 - 90 , Kemble's Edition. 16 242 ST. ANDREW. what they do to me.’ While he thus spake the devil said to the people, ‘ Smite him on the mouth, that he speak not thus.’ Then it came to pass that they shut him up again in the prison. Then took the devil with him seven other devils, which the holy Andrew had put to flight from the place, and they entering into the prison stood in the sight of the blessed Andrew, and reviling him with great reproaches they said, ‘ What is it thou hast found here ? Who shall deliver thee now from our power? Where is thy boasting and thy trust?’ Then said the devil to the other devils, ‘ My children, slay him, for he hath shamed us and our deeds.’ Then the devils blew upon the holy Andrew, and they saw the sign of Christ’s cross upon his countenance and durst not approach him, but they quickly fled away. The devil said to them, ‘My children, wherefore did ye not kill him?’ They answered him and said, ‘ We could not, for we saw the sign of Christ’s cross upon his countenance, and we were afraid : we know that before he came into this affliction he was our master ; kill thou him if thou canst ; we will not obey thee in this, lest haply God deliver him and send us into worse torments,’ The holy Andrew said to them, ‘ Though ye kill me, yet will I not do your will, but I will do the will of my Lord Jesus Christ.’ And when they heard this they flew away. On the morrow it came to pass again that they dragged forth the holy Andrew, and he cried with a loud voice to the Lord, and said, ‘ My Lord Jesus Christ, these torments are sufiicient for me, for I am worn out. My Lord Jesus Christ, once thou didst suffer on the cross and thou saidest. Father, wherefore hast thou forsaken me ? Now it is three days since I was dragged through the streets of this city ; thou knowest. Lord, the weakness of man ; receive thou my spirit. Where are thy words. Lord, wherewith thou didst encourage us, saying. If ye obey me and follow me, not one hair of your head shall perish ? Behold, Lord, and see how that my flesh and the hairs S. ANDREAS. 243 Drihten, and geseoli hu hie me do^.’ Mid ]>i he j)iis cvvte^, }>a3t cleoful cw 0 B^ to jjam folce, ‘ Swinga^ hiiie on his mu¥, |)a3t he ]?ns ne sprece.’ Da geworden wses jjset hie hinc eft hetyndon on bam carcerne. Dset deofol ba geiiaru mid him obre seofon The devil deoflo, |)a ]>e [se] haliga Andreas jjanon afliemde, and ingangende on J)£et carcern hie gestodon on gesihjje |?8es eadigan Andreas, and hine bismriende mid myclere bismre, and hie cwasdon, **““• ‘ Hwset is |)tet |?u her gemetest ? hwilc gefreolse^ j?e nu of urum gewealde ? hwser is J)in gilp and }?in hiht V paet deofol ])a cwee^ to )?am o¥rum deofliim, ‘ Mine beam, acwella^ hine, for]?on he us gescende and ure weorc.’ pa deofla ta blaestan hie ofer bone They saw the * cross on his halgan Andreas, and hie gesawon Cristes rodetacen on his countenance, onsiene ; hi ne dorston hine genealsecan, ac hra^e hie on weg The devils . fled from him. flugon. paet deofol him to-cwse¥I, ‘ Mine beam, for hwon ne acwealdon ge hine?’ Hie him andswarodon and hie cwsedon, ‘We ne mihton, forbon be Cristes rode-tanc’ on his onsiene we i So in ins., gesawon, and we us ondredon. We witon for|)on |)e he on lode-tAcn. jjges earfo^nesse com he ure waes wealdend. Gif |)U msege, acwel hine ; we |)e on |)issum ne hersumia^, J?y Ises wen sie ]>ddt hine God gefreolsige and us sende on wyrsan tintrego.’ Se haliga Andreas him to-cwee^, ‘peah |;e ge me acwellan, ne d5 ic eowerne willan, ac ic do willan mines Drihtnes Hselendes Cristes.’ And bus hi geherdon and on weg flugon. On mergen On the mor- row St. An- ba geworden waes eft hie tugon bone halgan Andreas, and he drew is again ^ , ore. ’ dragged out cigde mid mycle wope to Drihtne, and cwse¥, ‘ Min Drihten of prison. Hselend Crist, me genihtsumia^ ]>as tintrega, forbon ic eom praj^^fol-lllip geteorod. Min Drihten Hselend Crist, ane tid on rode b^ ^ browodest and b^ cwtede, “Feeder, for hwon forlete b^ me.?” Nu III dagas syndon sy^^an ic wses getogen jmTh bisse ceastre lanum. pu wast, Drihten, ba menniscan tyddernysse, hat onfon minne gast. Hweer syndon bhie word, Drihten, on bam bu us gestrangodest, and bu cweede, “ Gif ge me gehyra^ and ge me beo^ fylgende, ne an loc of eowrum heafde forwyr^?” Beheald, Drihten, and geseoh fora bmum lichaman and loccas mines heafdes mid bisse eor¥an synd gemengde. Ane III dagas * The text is corrupt. Read forbl min licliama. 16-2 244 ST. ANDREW. of my head are mingled with the earth. It is but three days since I was dragged to the fearfullest torments, and thou didst not appear to me. My Lord Jesus Christ, strengthen thou mine heart.’ Wliile he prayed thus, the Lord’s voice was heard speaking to the holy Andrew in Hebrew, ‘ My Andrew, heaven and earth may pass away ; my words shall never pass away. Look behind thee and see thy flesh and the hairs of thy head, what is become of them.’ The holy Andrew looked and saw a full-blown tree bearing fruit, and he said, ‘ Now I know. Lord, that thou hast not forsaken me.’ It came to pass in the evening they shut him up in the prison, and they said among themselves, ‘ For on this night he dietin’ The Lord Jesus Christ appeared to him in the prison, and stretched out his hand and took him and said, ‘Andrew, arise.’ When he heard that, straightway he arose whole, and he prayed and said, ‘ I give thee thanks, my Lord Jesus Christ.’ Then the holy Andrew looked and saw a column standing in the midst of the jDrison, and upon the column a stone image j and he stretched out his hand and said to it, ‘ Fear thou the Lord and the sign of his cross, before which heaven and earth tremble. Now therefore, 0 image, do that I bid thee in the name of my Lord Jesus Christ. Send a great stream through thy mouth, so that all the men may be destroyed who are in this city.’ MTien the blessed Andrew had thus spoken, straightway the stone image sent forth a great stream through its mouth like brine, and it consumed the men’s bodies and killed their children and their cattle. And they all strove to flee from the city. Then said the holy Andrew, ‘ My Lord Jesus Christ, forsake me not, but send me thine angel from heaven in a fiery cloud that he may compass all this city, that men may not approach it for the fire.’ And as he thus spake, a fiery cloud descended from heaven, and it surrounded all the city. When the blessed Andrew perceived that, he blessed the Lord. And the water increased up to the height of a man’s neck and fiercely consumed their bodies. And they all cried and said, ‘Woe to us, for all these things have come upon us on account of this stranger whom we shut up in the prison. What shall we now doF S. ANDEEAS. 245 syndoii sy^¥an ic waes getogen to wyrstan tintregiim, and |?u me ne seteowdest. Min Driliten Hselend Crist, gestranga mine heortan.’ Dus gebiddende |)am halgan Andrea Drihtnes stefn waes geworden on Ebreisc, cwej^ende, ‘ Mm Andreas, lieofon and eoi'^e maeg gewitan ; min word naefre ne gevvita)?, Bebeald aefter J?e and geseoli |)inne licliaman and loccas j^ines lieafdes, hwaet hie syndon ejewordene/ Se halma Andreas ba His flesh and ’ ^ or i,g lociende be geseab geblowen treow waestm-berende ; and he cwae^, ^Nu ic wat, Drihten, for|)on |?aet ])U ne forlete me.’ On fefenne }?a geworden hie hine betyndon on }?am carcerne, and hio cwsedon him betwynum, ‘ForJ)on ]>e jjisse nihte he swelt.’ Him aeteowde Drihten Haelend Crist on jjaem carcerne, and he a|?enede his hand and genam, and he cwae^, ‘Andreas, arts.’ Mid ]>[ ])e he J>aet gehyrde hra|)e he ]>a aras gesiind, and he hine gebaed, and he cwae^, ‘ pancas ic ]>e do, min Drihten Haelend Crist.’ Se haliga Andreas jja lociende he geseah on st. Andrew ^ saw also a middiim baem carcerne swer standan, and ofer bone swer staen- stone image on a brass enne anlicnesse. And he ajjenede his handa and hiere to-cwae^, column. ‘ Ondraed ]?e Drihten and his rdde-tanc, beforan ]?aem forhtiga^ heofon and eorjje. Nu ])onne, anlicnes, do ]?aet ic bidde on naman mines Drihtnes Haelendes Cristes ; saend mycel waeter The apostle burh binne mub, swa baet sien gewemmede ealle ba on bisse image to send ^ ^ \ ^ ^ out a stream ceastre syndon.’ Mid |ji [}?e] he J>us cwae^, se eadiga Andreas, of brine^from hra)>e sio staenene ^ onlicnes sendde mycel waeter ])urh hiora mu}i i stefne. swa sealt, and hie aet manna lichaman, and hit acweMde heora beam and hyra nytenu. And hie ealle woldon fleon of j^aere ceastre. Se haliga Andreas })a cwae^, ‘ Mm Drihten Haelend Crist, ne forlaet me, ac send me j?inne engel of heofonum on fyrenum wolcne, J)aet |?a embgange ealle ]?as ceastre |>aet ne magen geneosian for Jjaem fyre.’ And ])us cwe])ende, fyren wolc astah of heofonum, and hit ymbsealde ealle ]?a ceastre. Mid heaven. ]>y ])aet ongeat se eadiga Andreas, he bletsode Drihten. paet waeter weox o|> mannes swuran, and swi|)e hit aet hyra lichaman. And hie ealle cigdon and cwaedon, ‘AVa us, forjjon |?e |?as ealle up coman for ]?issum ael|)eodigum, ]>e we on )?issum carcerne betyned haebba^. Hwaet beo we donde V Sume hie cwaedon, 246 ST. AN DUE W. Some of them said, ‘ If it so please you, let us go to the prison and bring him out therefrom, lest perhaps vve perish miserably ; and let us all cry, and say that we believe on the Lord of this stranger; then will he remove these afflictions from us.’ When the blessed Andrew per- ceived that they were turned to the Lord he said to the stone image, ‘ Cease now, through the might of our Lord, and send forth no more water out of thy mouth.’ And this said, the water ceased and came forth no more out of its mouth. Then went the holy Andrew out of the prison, and the water itself did him reverence before his feet. And they who remained came to the prison door and said, ‘Pity us, 0 God, and do not to us as we did to this stranger.’ Then prayed the holy Andrew in the sight of the people, and the earth opened and swallowed up the water with the dead men. The people who saw that were greatly afraid and said, ‘Woe to us, for this death is from God, and he will kill us for the afflictions which we wrought upon this man. Truly he is sent from God, and he is God’s servant.’ The holy Andrew said to them, ‘ My children, be not afraid, for those who are now in this water shall live again. And for this cause has this thing happened, that ye may believe on my Lord Jesus Christ.’ Then prayed the holy Andrew to the Lord and said, ‘My Lord Jesus Christ, send thine Holy Spirit, that he may awaken all those who are in this water, that they may believe on thy name.’ Then the Lord bid all those who were in the water to arise. And after this the holy Andrew caused a church to be built on the spot where the column stood. And he gave them the commandments of the Lord Jesus Christ, and said, ‘Love him, for great is his power.’ And he set one of their chief men as bishop over them, and baptized them and said, ‘ Now then I am ready to go to my disciples.’ Then they all besought him and said, ‘Stay with us yet a little time, that thou mayest establish tranquillity amongst us, because we are newly turned to this faith.’ But the holy Andrew would not hearken to them, but he bade them farewell and so left them. S. ANDREAS. 247 ‘ Gif eow swa lice iitan gangan on }>issnm carccrne and bine ut forlsetan, jjy laes wen sie }?8et we yfele forweorjjon ; and iiton we ealle cigean and cwejjan, for|)on J?e we gelcofa^ on Driliten |?yses ael|>eodigan mannes ; j^onne afyrsej) he |)as earfo^- nesse fram us.’ Mid Jn se eadiga Andreas ongeat J)3et hie to Drilitene waeron gebwerfede, lie cwae^ to j^sere staenenan anlic- nesse, ‘ Ara nu J^iirh maegen ures Drihtenes, and ma waeter of }nnum mu))e ]?u ne send.’ And J^a gecweden jiaet waeter oflan, and ma of lieora mu]?e hit ne eode. Se haliga Andreas jia ut-eode of |>am carcerne, and jiaet selfe waeter |?egnunge gearwode beforan his fotum. And pa jiaer to lafe wseron, hie comon to l^aes carcernes dung and hie cwaedon, ‘ Gemiltsa us God, and ne do us swa sw^ we dydon on jiisne aeljieodigan.’ Se haliga Andreas }ia gebaed on J»aes folces gesihjie, and seo eor]?e hie ontynde and hio forswealh p 2 dt waeter mid |?am mannum. pa weras ]?a ]>aet gesawon hie him swijie ondraedon, and hie cwaedon, ‘ Wa us, forjjon pe pes dea^ fram Gode is, and he us wile acwellan for jiissum earfo^nessum pe we ]?issum mannan dydon. So^lice fram Gode he is send, and he is Godes jieowa.’ Se halga Andreas him to-cwae^, ‘ Mine beam, ne ondraeda]? ge eow forjjon |)e Jias pe on jus waetere syndon eft hie libba^. Ac jiis is forjion ]?us geworden psei ge geleofon on minum Drihtne Haelen- dum Criste.’ Se haliga Andreas pa gebaed to Drihtne and cwae^, ‘ Mm Drihten Haelend Crist, send })inne ]?one Halgan Gast, p 2 et awecce ealle pa pe on Jiisse waetere syndon, }>aet hie geliefon on |)inne naman.’ Drihten |?a het ealle arisan pe on jiam waetere waeron. And aefter jiissum se haliga Andreas het cyrican getim- brian on ]?aere stowe J>aer se swer stod. And he him sealde bebodu Drihtnes Haelendes ^ Cristes, ‘ And lufia^ bine for|)on my cel is his maegen.’ And aenne of heora aldormannum to biseeope he him gesette, and he hi gefullode and cwae^, [mnne ic eom gearo ]iaet ic gange to minum discipulum.’ Hie ealle bine baedon and hie cwaedon, ‘ Medmycel faec nu gyt wuna mid us, Jiaet }>u us gedefra gedo, forjion |ie we niwe syndon to jnssum geleafan gedon.’ Se halga Andreas hie |)a noble gehie- ran, ac he hie grette and hie swa forlet. Him fylgede mycel At the people’s en- treaties he hifls the image to cease its operations. Tlie eai-th opens and swallows the dead. These are afterwards raised to life. 1 3IS. hffilen. dest. He converted them to Christianity. 248 ST. ANDREW. And a great multitude of the people followed him weeping and crying. And there shone a light over their heads, while the holy Andrew was journeying thence, and the Lord Jesus Christ appeared to him on the way in the form of a fair child, and said to him, ‘ Andrew, wherefore departest thou thus without fruit of thy labour, and hast forsaken those who besought thee, and pitiedst not the children of those who followed thee weeping ? Their clamor and cry have ascended up to me in heaven. Now therefore return again to the city, and remain there seven days, that thou mayest confirm their minds in my faith. Go then to the city [and abide there] with thy disciples, and with those also who believe in my faith.’ When he had said this, the Lord Jesus Christ ascended up to heaven, and the blessed Andrew returned to the city Marmadonia and said, ‘I bless thee, my Lord Jesus Christ, thou that turnest all souls to thee, that thou didst not let me depart in my anger from this city.’ And the people rejoiced with great joy. And he abode with them there seven days, teaching and confirming their hearts in the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ. When the seven days were fulfilled, as the Lord had com- manded him, he departed from the city Marmadonia and hastened to his disciples; and all the people conducted him forth with joy and said, ‘There is one Lord God, he is Jesus Christ, and the Holy Ghost, to whom is glory and power, in the holy Trinity, everlastingly, world without end, for ever.’] S. ANDREAS. 249 mani"o bees folces vvepende and hrymende. And ba ascan Icolit After tins, ^ ^ ^ wlien Andrew ofer liieora heafod, mid bi se hali\ swa huton waestme Jjines gewinnes, and J?u forlete |)a \>e [e bsedon, and |?u naere miltsiend ofer heora cild |>a ])e waeron fyliende and wepende ? para cirm and wop to me astah on heofonas. Nu |)onne hwyrf eft on J>a ceastre and beo j^aer seofon dagas, o|?])aet ]>n gestrangie heora mod on minne geleafan. Gang J)onne to Jjsere ceastre mid ]?inum discipulum, and ge^ on minne geleafan geleofan.’ Mid ]>i he J)is cwae^, Drihten Haelend Crist, he astah on heofonas. Se eadiga Andreas ]?a waes eft hwyrfende on Marmadonia ceastre, and he cwae^, ‘ Ic j^e bletsige mm Drihten Haelend Crist, jju ]>e gehwyrfest ealle saula, forjjon |?u me ne forlete ut-gangan mid minre hat-heortan of jjisse ceastre.’ Hio waeron gefeonde mycle gefean, and he j?8er wunode mid him He returned seofon dagas, laerende and strangende hira heortan on geleafan seven days, ures Drihtnes Haelendes Cristes. Mid ]>i ]>e |?a waeron gefyllede seofon dagas swa swa him Drihten behead, he ferde of [Marjma- Then he re- donia ceastre efstende to his discipulum. And call ]?aet folc disciples, hine laedde mid gefean and hie cwaedon, ‘An is Drihten God, se is Haelend Crist, and se Halga Cast, j^am is wuldor and geweald on Jjaere Halgan prynnysse |)urh ealra worulda woruld so^lice a butan ende ^.’] Perhaps we should read ba be. ^ From the Cambridge MS. C.C, C. S. 8. CORRECTIONS. P. 2 , 1. 2 , for ‘a.d. 979 / read ^a.d. 971 / P. 3, 1. %for ‘a.d. 979 / read ‘ a.d. 971 / P. 8 , 1. 2 from bottom, ybr ‘ then ’ read ‘ then as ^ P. 8 , 1. 2 from bottom, ybr ‘ as ’ read ‘ so the ’ P. 22 , 1. 14 , for ‘ be mindful of’ read ^ attend to ’ P. 22 , 1. i^,for ‘if he first have devoted himself to ’ read ‘ if he should first hinder himself from ’ P. 26, 1. 8 from bottom, yb?’ ‘ feast’ read ‘ fast ’ P. 40, 1. g,for ‘ to ’ read ‘ do ’ P. 84, 1. 6 , for ‘ iron ’ reacZ ‘ brazen ’ P. 92, 1. 14 from bottom, /or ‘noon’ read ‘nine’ P. 94, 1. 13 from bottom, /or ‘may’ 7'ead ‘ may and can ’ P. 100 , 1. 6, for ‘hell-’ 7^ead ‘ eternal ’ P. 108, 1. Ti,for ‘ death’ rmc? ‘deeds ’ P. 128, 1. 1 4 , /or ‘ thirty’ 7'ead ‘thirty-three ’ P. 128, 1. 8 from bottom, /or ‘sins’ 7'ead ‘sins, and to hear their prayers ’ PREFACE TO THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. The following glosses are taken from a copy of the E,oman Psalter^ in the library at Blickling Hall, now in the possession of the Dowager Marchioness of Lothian. From the similarity of the writing to that of the Linclisfarne Gospels^, we may safely conclude that the Latin text was written about the be- ginning of the eighth century. The book once contained 117 leaves, of which only 88 now remain. The subjoined table shows which leaves are wanting and what parts of the psalter are contained in the remaining leaves : Leaves. I — ^ wanting. 6 stands after leaf 93 ; it=Iudicabit populos ix. 9 — rapiat pauperem ix. (2nd part) 9. 7 — 22 wanting. ^ An extract from the preface to the Quincuplex PsaUerium of Jacobus Faber Stapulensis (secunda emissio, 1513) may serve to explain the relation of the Roman to the Gallican and other psalters : ‘ Caeterum in vnum corpus quinque psalteria redegimus ; Gallicum, Romanum, Hebraicum, Vetus, et Conciliatum, vt ex eorum mutua inuicem collatione iuueutur ii quos similis indaginis cura mordebit, et ob id praeterea vt multi cantus ecclesiastici vnde sumpti sint agnoscantur. At rursus quaeret aliquis cur ita vocentur cum singulum quoclque Latino sermone conscriptum sit. Hac crediderim ratione Romanum dici . . . quod Romae emendatum a Hiero- nymo (ceu ex eius prologo dilucet) in ecclesia caneretur Romana, id est Gallia transalpina. Et Gallicum, quod eo ecclesia Gallica, id est cisalpina vteretur ; et illud esse arbitror quod ad preces Paulae et Eustochii secundo correxit Hieronymus, hoc ductus argumento, quod in vetustis codicibus illud obelis et asteriscis reperimus annotatum, quemadmodum scribit idem Hieronymus se annotasse. Hebraicum vero, quod nulla media intercedente lingua ex Hebraeo ad Sophronii preces Latina illud donarit colonia. Quae tria psalteria tribus columnis altrinsecus e regione positis descripta maiores nostri magna diligentia describi curarunt, et descripta custodiri, vt in vetustioribus bibliothecis licet adhuc intueri .... Porro Psalterium Vetus dicitur, quod eo vel maxime ante editionis a Hieronymo emendatus vte- rentur ecclesiae. Conciliatum, quod pauca addat aut mutet ad Gallicum, quo magis veritati et Hebraico concordet psalterio, et quancloque vt aptior et accommodatior habeatur sermo.’ ^ Tliese Gospels were written by Eadfrith, who was bishop of Lindisfarne from 698 to 721. 252 PREFACE TO THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. Leaves. 23 — 27 =dum clamarem xxxi. 3 — rectos corde xxxvi. 14. 2 8 wanting. 29 — 39 =Salus autem xxxvi. 39 — non spernit 1 . 19. 40 — 41 wanting. 42 — 75 =Quis dabit lii. 7 — ante Aeum. xciv. 6. 7 6 — 7 9 wanting. 80 — 90 =Quia cinerem ci. 10 — a persequenti^ cviii. 31. 9 1 wanting. 92 — 1 17 =Iocundus homo cxi. 5 — end of last psalm. Each page contains twenty-four lines. When a line begins with a capital letter, the capital is written a little way out in the margin. Each psalm begins with a large ornamental letter ; a few psalms have a line of such letters. Beside the Psalter, the volume, as now bound, contains a calendar which fills three leaves. This stands before the Psalter; it is written in a hand of the fourteenth century. At the end of the book are two leaves ; the first bears on its first ]Dage some extracts from the gospels in Latin, namely (i) Mark xvi. 14-20; (2) Matthew ii. 1-12 ; (3) Luke i. 26- 38 missus verhum tuum ; (4) John i. 1-7 lumine; 9-14, the latter part of verse 7 and the whole of verse 8 being omitted. On the other leaf are the names of several clerks of the city of Lincoln. The glosses are of two kinds. First a few old ones, written in red. These are distinguished in our list by being printed in thick type. Some are in Saxon, some in Latin. The others are full two centuries later ; they are written in black, and are far more numerous than the red ones. Of these also some are in Saxon, some in Latin. The Latin glosses are not given in our list, except a few which contain a word or two of Saxon. The word 3 (and), which in the MS. begins many of the glosses, has been omitted for convenience, otherwise they are set down as they stand, and followed by the Latin words which they render or explain. The references to psalm and verse, both in list and preface, are to the psalter in the Vulgate (edition of Paris, 1855), the Boman Psalter not being easily accessible. E. Brock. ^ A later hand has completed the verse by adding ‘ bus animaw meam,’ and has written a Latin hymn to the Virgin at the foot of the page. THE BUCKLING GLOSSES. ablicen : see beo a. ablysien : erubescant 34 . 4. acworren : see rice. acym^ : ) , *' , > see liwa. acym]? : j he acyrde : conuertit 77 . 44. \(Bt he acyrde : ut auertei^et 77 . .38- hi acyrdon: auerterunt 77 . 57. acyrrendum : auertente 103 . 29. adoen : see milcum. adolfenre : see an-8elede. adunestigaj) : descendant 103 . 8. sebylgnesse : indignationis 1 0 1 . 1 1 . seby Ignis : indignatio 68. 25. sebylgnisse : indignationis 77 . 49. seceres ; see blosnia. aefenne : see gegearwunga. on aefenne )>u geblissast : uespere delectaueris [u altered b] 64 . 9. aefre : see jjy laes. aefter menigo : secundum multitu- dinem 150 . 2. aehta : po.ssessiones 77 . 48. aelc gemetinc : omnis conuentus 61 . 9. aelce : tota 55 . 6. aelcne : see ofsloh. ]?a aelfremedan : alienigenae 82 . 8. aelfremedra: alienorum 143 . 7. aerendracan : see on-sanda. aeryndracan \in a later hand .?] : legati 67 . 32. aet[r]ene |?a beo^ begalene: uene- fici quae incantantur 57 . 6. setspurne : see ]>j laes. afeoll: see ascoben. afyl ; see aliyld. he afyrde : abstulit 77 . 52. afyrrede : see beo^ a. age )?u : posside 78 . ii. ageald : retribuit 102. 10. ageot : effunde 68. 25. ageot ut flane : effunde frameaw 34 . 3. ageotajj : effundite 61 . 9. on agrafenum anlicnessu?7i : in sculptilibus 77 . 58. hy ahofon : extollerunt 82 . 3. ahyld ue\ afyl : praecipita 54 . 10. ahyldon : declinauerunnt [«'c] 54 . 4 - ahyldon: declinauerunt 101. 12. se alaede^ : qui educit 67 . 7. altras : altaria 83 . 4. se alyse^ of ; qui redimet [i altered from e] de 102. 4. J)U ameredest ; examinasti 65 . 10. [The glossator seems to have read exanimasti.] on an: in unuin 101. 23. anael ligrsescas : corusca corusca- tiones 143 . 6. an-selede of fyre adolfenre : in- censa igni et effossa 79 . 17. andetten : confiteantur 144 . 10. «?ic/walde : camo 31 . 9. heo andwyrde him on wege mse- genes his : respondit ei in uia uirtutis suae 101. 24. 254 THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. on angnisse : in erumna 31. 4. hy anhyredon : aemulati sunt 77. 58. anliyrnede : unicornis 91. ii. aulicnessum ; see agrafenum. on an-inittum : in stateris 61. 10. anmod : unanimis 54. 14. an-inode : unanimes 67. 7. of ansyne : a facie 67. 3. lie anydde : reppulit 77. 60; 77. 67- ])u anyddest : reppulisti 59. 3. aroerende : see cweade. lie araer^ : erigit 144. 14. aris : exsurge [first time\ 56. 9. arise : exsurgat 67. 2. on asaednessum : in liolocaustis 65. 13. |jem ascadendum. quia car- bones inseparunt scoria de ferro : [marginal gloss o?^] cum carbonibus 119. 4. ascoben afeoll: inpulsus uersatus sum 117. 13. of ascununga : de execratione 58.13. asende^ : imiiittet 33. 8. asete ; pone 82. 12. jm asettest : posuisti 65. ii. lie aspende : dispersit 111. 9. asten: see granode. astiga]) : ascendunt 103. 8. astyred : see beon, bi^ a. asyndriende : segregans 67. 10. awendediiis : commutatio 54. 20. awest : deserta 68. 26. awri]?e ; solueret [altered from soluat] 101. 21. awurtwalude : exterminauit 79. 14. awyrp : iacta 54. 23. awyrWala^ : exterminabit 145. 9. he ajienede : expandit 104. 39. a(ieniende : extendens 103. 2. on bearme : see beliaefde. begalene ; see 8et[r]ene. ))one ic bebsefde on bearme : quod continui in sinu 88. 51. belieald : intende 34. 23; 69. 2. by belieoldon : intenderunt 63. 4. 11a beliylt : non intendit 80. 12. [bell] ylt bogan : intendit arcum 57. 8. on bellum : in cymbalis 150. 5. beluc : conclude 34. 3. ic beo ablicen (id est in puritate anime) : dealbabor 50. 9. ic ne beo onscunod : non conibi- nabor [altered from commuua- bo] 140. 4. beon astyred : commoueri 65. 9. beorgas : see blissunga. beo^ afyrrede : auferentur 57. g. beo^ begalene: see 8et[r] ene. beo^ gesceapene : creabuntur 103. 30. beo^ getrymede : confirmamini 104. 4. beo^ lierede : laudamini 104. 3. beo^ todrsefed : dispergentur 91. 10. beo^ ymgyrde : see blissunga. fecundae berendet: foeto- sae 143. 13. we besencton : obsorbuimus 34. 25. be-tuyli cy : inter uaccas 67. 31. ]m bewruge : protexisti 63. 3. biddende ; see eom. |?a bilewittan : mansueti 33. 3. hi]> : fit 102. 3. na bi^ astyred : non comnioue- bitur 111. 6. na bijj gemunen : non meniora- bitur 82. 5. bi^ gerelit : dirigetur 101. 29. bleow : flauit 147. 18. blew]): florebit 102. 15. blisse : exultationis 46. 2. blissia^ : plaudite 46. 2. blissia]) : exnltate 80. 2. blissie : laetetur 104. 3. blissunga beorgas beo^ ymgyrde : exultatione colies acciiigentur 64. 13. bloda : see weras. blosma aeceres : flos agri 102. 15. THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. 255 blowe]j : see palmtwig. bodiajj : adimntiate 104. i. hi bodia^ ; proimiitiabunt 144. 4. bogan ; see [beh]ylt. bogan: seetinde. on bogan J>weorne ; in arcuin pernersuin 77. 57. borligiend : fenerator 108. ii. breadru : fi’usta panis 147. 17. brolite : adtnlit 77. 29. burnan on su^daele ; torrens in austro 125. 4. of byman : see singaj? o. f. fram byr|)enum: aboneribus 80. 7. bysmredon : deriserunt 34. 16. on bytole ; in freno 31. g. by^ gesebylged : indignabitur 102. 9. on cafertunum : in atris 91. 14. cealf geong uA neowe : iiitulum nouellum 68. 32. ceastra : see midlene. cedera : coedri 148. 9. cederbeam : cedrus 91. 13. cederbeamas : cedri 103. 16. ceocan ; maxillas 31. 9. cneorissa : see gemenifyld. cnilitas : pueri 112. i. cristene : see lease, cuma : ospis 68. 9. ic cwae]? ; ego dixi 81.6. of cweade arserende : de stercore erigens 112. 7. owed uA meox ; stercus 82. ii. cwy^: dicet 57. 12. he cwy^ : dicet 90. 2. cy : see be-tuyh. \cet |?u cyddest : quod innotuisti 143.3. by cyj?an : innotescant 78. 10. cyjja^ : narrate 104. 2. daege : see hwylce. daegeredes : see [utg]ang. denial ; see liu 1. ondenum: in conuallibus 103. 10. deofle : see hryre. deopnes : abyssus 103. 6. plagae uestigia dolgsua- })he : cicatrices 37. 6. dondes : agentis 70. 4. drencende : inebrians 64. ii. on drige land : in aridam 65. 6. driliten : see gemun. drinca}) : potabunt 103. ii. on drium : see eodon. drupon : distillauerunt 67. 9. eahslum : scapulis 90. 4. eastdael : see swa. edlean : retributiones 102. 2. on edleanunga : in retribuendo 54, 21. ege •] fyrhto : timor et tremor 54. 6. eletriow : see gingan. endas : see fsettia^. eodon on drium : abierunt in sicco 104. 41. ic eom biddende : deprecatus sum 141. 2. eorlicra : see geteld. eorre : zelus 78. 5. eouor : aper 79. 14. \>oet he ete^ : ut educat 103. 14. facenfulle : see weras. faerst : see \>oi\ne })U f. of faetnysse hwaetes : adipe fru- menti 147. 14. faettia^ endas : pinguescent fines 64. 13. hy fandedon : temptauerunt 34. 16. faraj) : pertransibunt 103. 26. fare^ : pertransibit 102. 16. feawoste : paucissimi 104. 12. on felda : in campo 77. 43. fell : pellem 103. 2. of feondum : de inimicis 58. 2. feor : longe 64. 6. |)U feredest : transtulisti 79. 9. fejjera : pinnas [altered to pen- nas] 54. 7. under fejjerim : subpinnis [altered to pennis] 90. 4. 256 THE BUCKLING GLOSSES. 6 ana ; iacula 54. 22. flane : see ageot ut f. fram flane fieondre : a sagitta 110- lante 90. 6. fleoge : see hundes. fleondre : see flane f. flew]? : fluit 67. 3. hy fliton : exercebantur 68. 13. on flode : in dilimio 31.6. ic forbser : subportaui 68. 8. ic hit forbere witodlice : subpor- tassem utique 54. 13. on forcirringe : in conuertendo 125. I. fordonra: intereniptornm 101. 21. he fordyde : exterminauit 77. 45. fordjdt : obstructuin 62. 12. forecynrene : j^rogenie 144. 13. foresette : antecip[e]t 78. 8. foretacn : prodigia 77. 43. forgnad : contriuit 104. 33. J>u forgnide : elisisti 101. ii. forgnidene [acc. sing, /em.] : con- trituni 50. 19. forgnidene [acc. pZ.] : elisos 144. 14. 3 ne ]>u ne forhafa : neque con- pescaris 82. 2. he forhygde : spreuit 77. 62. lie na forhygde [altered from for- higde] : non spreuit 68. 34. cataraete, forsceta. cata- recte aquam conclu- dunt: marginal note on cata- ractarum 41. 8. forspillan : see uton. forswelge : absorbeat 68. 16. forswelge^; obsorbet 57. 10. fortraedon : conciilcauerunt 55. 3. ne for- wan [The writer left the word unfinished. It should he forwandien] : non reuereantur 68. 7. forwandung : reuerentia 68. 8. ]>cet hi forwurjjon : ut intereant 91. 8. swa forwyrjien : sic pereant 67. 3. forjj-geciga^ : prouocant 67. 7. o^ for¥gewite : donee transeat 56. 2. forjion hy tyrgdon : quia exacer- uauerunt [for exacerbauenint] 104. 28. forjjon on gesih^e hy ofjirihton : quia ecce occupauerunt 58. 4. for^rystrede [miswritten for for- jjystrede] : obscurauit 104. 28. fraet: depastus est 79. 14. fremede geworden : exter factus 68. 9. fremedne : alienum 80. 10. frofr : refugium 31. 7 ; 58. 17. See heahstne. frox : ranam 77. 45. frumcennendne : see ofsloh. frumsceattas : priinitias 77. 51; 104. 36. of frywjje : see singa]> o. on frym¥e : initio 101. 26. of fyre : see an-aelede. fyrhto : see ege. fyr^Tte : see ware. gange : exiet 103. 23. gangendum ; see gestreone g. ganotes : fulice 103. 17. geaebylged : see by^. geahlas : molas 57. 7. geandetten : confiteantur 66. 4. on geanryne : in occursum 58. 6. gearo : paratum 56. 8. gebidde^ : adoret 65. 4. gebiged : incurua 68. 24. geblissast : see aefenne ]?u. gebundene : uinctos 68. 34. gebundenra : uinculatorum 101. le gecig }ni : ne reuoces 101 ^ecir : conuerte 125. 4. ;ecweme : habita 77. 37. le gecyrde : conuertit 104 'ecyrred : 1 ’ ‘ 1 ) see syn. [ecyrrede : J ^ecy)? : enuntia 101. 24. 'edafenre ; oportuno 144. 15 ;edrefede : commoti 108. 10. 25- 29. THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. 257 on gedrefednyssum : in tribula- tionib2ts 45. 2. [gedrenctest, nearly effaced^ : ine- briasti 64. 10. on gefaegenunga : in ex[s]ulta- tione [s erased^ 104. 43. gefeoga^ : gaudete 32. i. gefeogia^ : iiibilate 46. 2. on gefere : in profectione 104. 38. gefi|)erede : pennata \altered from pinnata] 77. 27. gefylstan: adiutori 80. 2. to gegearwunga his o|? to aefenne : ad operationem suam usque ad uesperam 103. 23. geglengde : conpositae 143. 12. gegrip : adpraehende 34. 2. gegripe : adpraehendat 68. 25. gegripenhis : captio 34. 8. gegyred: amictus 103. 2. gehat : uota 60. 9. on geherlicnissum : inopor- tunitatibus 9. 10. gehlystaj) : obaudite \altered from obe dite] 65. 8. gehwsednesse : paucitatem 1 01 . 24. gehwearf : redegit 77. 59. gehyrnisse minre : auditui meo 50. 10. gehyjjelicre : oportuno 31.6. ^u geic : adicies 60. 7. gelast : uotum 64. 2. geleccende : rigans 103. 13. gelic : see ]>a )?a. gelicat : placebit 68. 32. gemenifyld cneorissa : multiplica generationis to genera- tiones] 64. ii. gemetinc : see gelc. fram gemetinge : a conuentu 68.3. on gemetinge : in conueniendo 101. 23. gemiclia^ : magnificate 33. 4. ic gemiclice : magnificabo 68. 31. gemiclod : magnificatus 103. i. gemiclode : magnificauit 125. 2. hu gemiclode : quam magnificata 91. 6. hu gemiclode ; quam magnificata 103. 24. gemiclunga; magnificentiam 144. 5 ' gemiclunge : magnificentiae 144. 12. gemolten : liquefacta 57. 9. gemun )?u drihten dauidis : me- mento domme dauid 131. i. hegemmide : memoratus es< 77. 39. he gemyltet : liquefaciet 147. 18. gemyndelic : memoriale 134. gemyndige: recordati 77. 42. genihtsumnisse ; ubertate 103. 28. of genihtsumnisse hwsetes : ex adipe frumenti 80. 17. on genihtsumnysse ; in abundan- tiam 77. 25. genih])sumere : uberi 91. 1 1 . of genihtsumnysse : eructuantia 143. 13. genip : see sett, geniwa ; innoua 50. 12. genyhtsumre : see ylde. 3 na genyrwe : neque urgeat 68. 16. geoga]>: iuuentus 102. 5. geong : see cealf. gereht : see bit g. ic gereht woes : dirigebar 58. 5. geriset : decet 64. 2. gerist : see rihtwise. gescamien : confundantur 70. 13. gescamien 3 wandien : confun- dantur et reuereantur 34. of gesceafte )?inre : creatura tua 103. 24. gesceapene : see beot g. gescyldend : protector 70. 6. on gescyldnesse : in protectione 90. I. on gesihte : see forjjon on g. on gesomnunga goda : in synagoga deorum 81. i. he gesomodlsect : ut conlocet \an 1 above the n] 112. 8. gestreon ; usura 54. 12. 17 258 THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. fram gestreone gangendum ; a negotio perambulante 90. 6. geswetlehta : see onssegiiessa. geswinc : tribulatiouera 77. 49. of geswince : de tribulatione 59. 13. geteld Jjara eorlicra : tabernacula idumeorum 82. 7. getilla^ : see weras. getreowe : fidelis 144. 13. getrymed : confirmatus 70. 6. o]>]?e getrymed wsere ; aut firmare- tur \altered to formaretur] 89. 2. getrymede : firmati 32. 6. See beo^ g. getrymede \acc. sing.fem.^ : muni- tum 70. 3. geweliggian : locupletare 64. 10. gewistfullien : aejDulentur 67. 4. ne gevvit }>u : ne discedas 34. 22. gewitende : uadens 77. 39. geworden : see fremede, }?a ]?a. gewuldorbeaga^ \with a v above the o] : coronat 102. 4. ge})obt : consensum 82. 6. gejjolit J)inne : cogitatum tuiim 54. 23. gejjyldgendum : see teonan. gicelstan : see sent, gif witodlice : si utique 57. 12. gingan eletriow, qui fructuferens [est] : mar- qinal note to nouella oliuarum 127. 3. gleawlice : astute 82. 4. gligbeam : tympanum 80. 3. on gligbeame 3 wynwerede : in tympano et clioro 150. 4. goda : see gesomnunga. on gode : in bono 85. 17. gr anode ue\ asten : rugiebam 37. 9. gremedon : exacerbauerunt [b altered from u] 77. 56. See la. hi gristbitoton : striderunt 34. 16. grund : fundum \with an erasure before it\ 64. 8. grund: profundum 68. 16. grundas : abysos 32. 7. gmndas : abysi 148. 7. of grunde : de profundo 68. 15. of grundum : de profundis 129. i. haebbendum: retinentibus 102. 18. haeftned : captiuitatem 125. i. haelend : salutaris 78. 9. haelo : salus 34. 3. See idel. on hagule : in pruina 77. 47. haligern : sanctuarium 82. 13. halignesse : sanctificationis 77. 54. haligre : sancto 67. 6. lialsunga : depraecationem 60. 2. handfulla : manipulos 125. 6. harpan : see saltere 3 h. J)a J>e hatedon : qui oderunt 67. 2. of liatiendum : ex odientibus 68. 15- healinesse : altitudinem 102. ii. fram healinesse : ab altitudine 55. 4. on heahnessum : in altis 112. 5. on heahnessum : inexcelsis 148. i. of heahnysse : de alto 143. 7. se heabsta : altissimus 91. 9. Jju heahsta : altissime 91.2. jiaes heahstan : altissimi 90. i. heahstne ])U settest frofr jiinne : altissimum posuisti refugium tuum 90. 9. healfe : see weras. on heannisse, in ^ideliu??^ congre- gatione : in sion 64. 2. hearpsweg : see sealm-leo^. hefige : molesti 34. 13. hefigmode : molesti 54. 4. heofanas heofona : caeli caelorum 148. 4. heononfor^ 3 oj? on woruld : ex hoc nunc et usque in saeculum 112 . 2. heora on woruld: eorum in saecu- lum 101. 29. heorras : serras 147. 13. herede : see beo^ h. heria^ : iubilate 65. i. hiw : figmentum 102. 14. THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. 259 |m hiwodest : formasti 103, 26. lilyte : sorte 77. 54. hi hnescodon : modierimt 54. 22. lioh : calcaneiim 55. 7. cellaria uini id est hor- dern: promptuaria 143. 13 . hospes : obprobrii 88. 51. lirede ue\ nere : eripe 58. 2. lireohnisse : tempestatis 80. 8. See medmiclu97^. hricc : dorsum 68. 24. hricg : spina 3 1 . 4. se hrin^ : qui tangit 103. 32. fram hryre 3 deofle sujjerniim : a ruina et demonio meridiano 90. 6. hu lange denial ge : quoiisque iudicatis 81. 2. hu oft : see la. hundene : caninam 77. 45. hundes fleoge : coenomia [uel y over oe] 104. 31. huntgendra : uenantium 90. 3. hvva acym^ : quis sustinebit 64. 8. hwa acym|) : qui[s added later^ sustinebit 129. 3. hwsetes : see fsetnysse, genihtsu?7^- nisse h. hwelc sece^ : quis requiret 60. 8. hwelpa : catulorum 56. 5. by hwetton : exacuerunt 63. 4. hwylce daege : qua die 77. 42. hyrendra : see synne. ]>u hyrfeweardast : tu hereditabis 81. 8. na hyspen ; ut non insultent 34. 24. hyspendra : exprobrantium 68. 10. Jjone hyspton ; quod exprobraue- runt 88. 52. idel haelo : uana salus 59. 13. se ilea selfa : idem ipse 101. 28. ilum : erinacis 103. 18. on incleofum : in cubilibus 149. 5. ic inga : introibo 65. 13. hi inga}> on |?a neo|>eran : introi- bunt in inferiora 62. 10. inran : interiora 102. i. on kafertunum : in atris 83. i r. la hu oft hy gremedon : quotiens exacerbauerunt 77. 40. he laedde: eduxit 104. 37; 104. 43. laenj? : commodat 111. 5. lange : see hu 1. ne lata ]ju : ne tardaueris 69. 6. lease cristene : allophili 59. 10; 107. 10. leofum : see sylj?. ligraescas : see anael. lugon : mentiti sunt 80. 16. maegena : uirtutum 79. 4. maegene : see mihtige. maegenes : see andwyrde. on maeg])um : in tribubus 104. 37- hu maenigfealdlice : quam multi- pliciter 62. 2. J?aes maeran : excels! 81. 6. on maere ; in stagnum 106. 35. maerum : insignis 80. 4. on m8er]?um : in magnis 130. i. man : see f>a J)a. medemnesse ]>inre : benignitatis tuae 64. 12. medmiclu 3 miclu : pussilla et magna 103. 25. fram medmiclum mode 3 hreoh- nisse : a pussillo animo et tem- pestate 54. 9. menigo : multitudinem 68. 17. See aefter m. meox : see ewed. mersc: see s[a]ltne. ]?u metsast : cibabis 79. 6. micclum : see swa. micel : see {?eos. micelnesse : magiiitudinis 150. 2. miclu : see medmiclu. on middele ; in medio 81. i . on midlene ceastra : in medio castrorum 77. 28. on midline : in dimidio 101. 25. 17—2 260 THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. inilitige of insegene ; potentes uir- tute 102. 20. from milcum adoen: ab- lactatus 130. 2. miltsiende [altered from mild- siende] : miserator 102. 8. mode : see medmiclum. moii])es : see singaj? o. on mu})an : in portum 106. 30. na : see bi^ a., bij? g. nsedran : serpentis 57. 5. nsedran : aspidem 90. 13. nsedran : basiliscum 90. 13. neahgeburum : uicinis 78. 4. neowe : recens 80. 10. See cealf. ]>a neojjeran ; see inga)?. nere : see hrede. niwe plantunga : nouellae planta- tionis [altered to plantationes] 143. 12. by nyston : nescierunt 81. 5. nytenum : see ]?a ]?a. |?a nyj?erlican : liumilia 112. 6. on ofearmunga : in miseratione 102. 4. '[xjet hi na oferga]? : quern non transgredientur 103. 9. ofergytan : obliuisci 102. 2. ofer-win onwinnende : expugna inpugnantes 34. i. |>e ofer-winna^ : qui debellant 55.3. he ofsloh selciie friimcennendne : percussit omne primogenituin 77. 51. fram of|>riccednysse : a praesura [altered to praessura] 31. 7. hy of}>rihton : see for]?on on g. of^ystred : see sien o. ogana : terribiliiim 144. 6. fram onarisendum : ab insiirgen- tibus 58. 2. onbryrde : conpuncti 34. 16. onbyrga^ : gustate 33. 9. }^cet ic na onclyfie : ut non ineream [ = inh8eream] 68. 15. on-eardia^ : inhabit abunt 68. 36. on-eardia^ on })am : inhabitabunt in ea 67. 1 1. on-galendra : incantantium 57. 6. onhrernisset ; obdormiet 120. 3- onhruron : inruerunt 58. 4. onsaegnessa geswetlehta : holocau- sta medullata 65. 15. on-sanda jjurli aerendracan ; in- missiones per angelos 77. 49. hy onscunedon : execrabantur 55. 6. onscunod : see beo o. on onwealdum : in potentatibws 150. 2. onwinnende : see ofer-win. orgeldreame : organo 150. 4. o^ : see for^gewite. 0^ : see g^gearwunga, heononfor^. pael : pallium 103. 6. palmtwig blowe]> : palma florebit 91. 13. plantunga ; see niwe. quemde: conplacebam 34 . 14. on raednysse ; in maturitate 118. 147. ran : pluit 77. 27. on rapincle todales : in funiculo distributionis 77. 54. reafia^ : uindemiant 79. 13. renge : aranea 89. 9. rice acworren : potens crapulatus 77. 65. riceter : potentiam 144. 4. rihsodon : praeualuerunt 64. 4. rihtwis : rectum 77. 37. rihtwise gerist samodhering ; rec- tos decet conlaudatio 32. i. rihtwisum soj>es : iusto utique 57. 12. rotnys : refugium 45. 2. rum ; see ]?eos. rynelas : riuos 64. ii. sae : see jjeos. THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. 261 \d est saemiist ue\ wyrst : pessima 33. 22. saltere : see tynstrengedura. on saltere y harpan ; in psalterio et cytara \altered to cythara] 150. 3. on s[a]ltne mersc [faint, only legible in strong light\ : in salsilaginem 106. 34. samodhering : see rilitwise. lie sceadewede : obumbrauit [ 2 nd b altered from o] 90. 4. scearp : see scyrseax. seep : ouis 118. 176. of scylde : scuto 90. 5. scylfas : pinnas [altered to pennas] 103. 3. scype : crea 50. 12. scyrseax scearp : macbera acuta 56. 5. sealm ; psalmum 56. 8 ; 65. 4. on sealmglige ; in psalterio 143. 9. sealm-leo^ 3 hearpsweg : psalte- rium et cythara 56. 9. sece^ : see hwelc. seegaj) : dicite 65. 2. on sefan : in sensu 77. 72. sege : die 34. 3. selfa : see ilea. he sent gicelstan : mittit chrystal- lum 147. 17. setlgang : occa[s]sum 103. 19. se sett genip upstige : qui ponit nubem ascensum 103. 3. settende : ponens 32. 7. J)U settest : see heahstne. sien of^ystred : obscurentur68. 24. sien todrsefed : dissipentur 67. 2. singa|) : iubilate 80. 2. singaj) of frymjie monjies of by man ; canite in initio mensis tuba 80. 4. slsep : see syl|>. slidornis ; lubricum 34. 6. sliet : concidet 128. 4. toris. smolt regn: torrens 125. 4. sojies : see rihtwisum. sprsec : eloquium 104. 19 . spric^ : loquetur 144. 21. stajiolfgestnesse : stabilitatem 103. . 5 - sticelas : ramnos 57. 10. stige : semitae 77. 50. setter Jjam stincendum : de post fetantes [altered to foetantes] 77. 70. storm: grando 148. 8. on storme : in grandine 77. 47. ]?u stredest : asperges 50. 9 . strenga : see tyn. stuntum : see ]>a )>a. on su^daele : see burnan. su|)erne wind : austrum 77. 26. sujjerne wind: affricum 77. 26. sujjernum : see hryre. su)?rador. australis 125. 4 . swa micclmii swa tostent eastdsel fram westdsele : quantum distat oriens ab occa[s]su 102. 12. swegdon : sonauerunt 82. 3. on swege : in sono 150. 3. ]>8es swencendan : tribulantis 77. 42 . ne swiga jm : ne sileas 34. 22. swinde}) : tabescet 111. 10. fram swi^ran : see |>usenda. sy : fiat 68. 26. mid sybbe : cum consensu 54. 15. ]?[. . .] syl|) deits leofum his sleep ; cum dederit dilectis suis som- num 126. 2. syngecyrred: conuertantur 58. 7« syn gecyrrede underbseclinc : auer- tantur retrorsum 34. 4. synnehyrendra: ismahelitum 82. 7. syrwia^ : concinnant 57. 3. tealgras : propagines 79. 12. |)u telest : reputas 143. 3. ic temprede : temperabam 101. 10. on teonan gepyldgendum : iniu- riani patientibus 102. 6. tetendit. tindebogan: 7nar- ghial note on tetenderunt arcum 36. 14. 262 THE BLICKLING GLOSSES. |)ii tobrsece : clestriixisti 59. 3. | tobrsed : dilata 80. ii. ! hi tobiTeddon : dilatauerunt 34. 21. | tobric^ : confringet 57. 7. j tocnawe^ ; discernit 8 1 . i . I todales : see rapincle. | todihtnodon : disposuerunt 82. 6. 1 todraefed : see beo^ t., sieii t. | togenealsec^ ; adpropiauit 54. 22. | togesete: adpone 68. 28. | tosettej) : disponet 111. 5. i he toslat : di[s]rupit [s emsec?] | 104. 41. tostent ; see swa. | he tostrede]? ; aspergit 147. 16. | trendel : coronam 64. 12. j trymede : coiifirmauit 102. ii. I on trymnesse : in firmamento I 150. I. ! twigu ; arbnsta 79. ii. j tyn strenga : decern cliordarum ! * 32. 2. i by tyndon : inritauenint 105. 7. on tynstrengedum saltere : in de- cacliordo psalterio 91. 4. | by tyrgdon : see forj^on h. f tyrging : zelus 68. 10. | tyring: zelus 118. 139. |)a iiferan : sujieriora 103. 3. of ]>am uferum : de siiperioribus 103. 13. underbaeclinc : see syn g. u. | under-stod : see j?a J)a. j on ungefarenum : in inuio 106. 40. | on ungefarenum 3 on waeterigum : in inuio et in aquoso 62. 3. ofungewisse: ignominia 82. 17. unribtu : iniqua 62. 12. | unspedigne : inopem 34. 10. i up-a-befe : exaltare 56. 12. j up-abef^ : alleuat 144. 14. ; upstige : ascensus 83. 6. See sett, j ut-gsest : see ]iomie |?u u. | [utgjang daegeredes : exitus ma- i tut ini 64. 9. ! on utgange : in exitu 113. t. | uton forspillan : disperdamus 82. 5. j on utrynas : in exitus 106. 35. utrynas w[se]tera : exitus aqua- rum 118. 136. waedlan : inopem 112. 7. waestm : frumentationem 77. 25. w[ae]tera : see utrynas. waeter-aedrena [a above the last e] : cataractarum 41. 8. waeterigum : see ungefarenunz. 3 o. wandien : see gescamien 3 w. bis ware [1] on fyrytte \these four toords are in a later hand\ ; munitiones eius in formidinem 88. 41. weal : maceriam 79. 13. wealles : maceriae [h erased after c] 143. 14. in we dr : in aiirsxm 106. 29. on wege : see andwyrde. by webton : concitauerunt 77. 40 ; 77. 58. onwelgum: in salicibus 136. 2. ofer wer : super uirum 79. 18. weras bloda 3 facenfulle na healfe getilla^ : uiri sanguinum et do- losi non dimidiabunt 54. 24. ofer westdael : super occa[s]sum [is^ s erased^ 67. 5. fra?7z- westdeele : see swa. wilsume : uoluntariam 67. 10. witodlice : utique 57. 2. See for- bere, gif. b[e] wi^-ceose^ : reprobat \ 2 nd time\ 32. ic. be wi¥-cist : reprobat [is^ time\ 32. 10. wi|)ercwedolnisse : contradictionis 80. 8. wi^ercwedulnisse : contradictio- nem 54. 10. on wi}?ercwedulnisse : in contra- dictionem 79. 7. wijjerweardum : aspero 90. 3. wi|)-meten : see })a ]?a. wopene : lamentatfe 77. 63. on woruld : see heononfor^, beora. wreccan : aduenam 145. 9. THE BLICKIJNG GLOSSES. 263 min wrecscype: incolatus meus 119. 5 . he wunaj? : commorabitur 90. i. on wurjjinyiite : see |ja )?a. on wylegan : in copliino 80. 7 . on wyndreame : in iubilatione 46. 6 . w[yn]dreames : iubilationis 150. 5 . mid wynsumnesse : exultatione 125. 2 . wynwerede : see gligbeame w. frawj wyrcendum : de operantibns 58. 3 . wyrmas : reptilia 103. 25 . wyrst : see ssemust. yhte ; auxit 104. 24 . on ylde genyhtsimre ; in senecta uberi 91. 15 . ymb-gerenode : circumornatae 143. 12 . ymgyrde : see blissimga. ysta : procellariim 148. 8 . on |)a yttran : in posteriora 77. 66 . y|?a : fluctuum 64. 8 . yjjgunga : fluctuationem 54. 23 . : qui 67. 7 . jiseslice : taliter 147. 20 . }) 8 es|)e is : cuius est 83. 6 . on jjam ; in quo 77. 60 . )>a ^a se man on wur}jmynte vvms lie hyt ne under-stod ac vvses wi|)-meten stuntum nytenum. 3 him gelic geworden : et homo cum in honore esset non intel- lexit conparatus est iumentis insipientibus et sirnilis factiu est illis 48. 21 . jjegnas : ministri 102 . 21 . Jieos sse micel 3 rum : hoc marc magnum et spatiosum 103. 25- jjonne jm fserst ; dum transgredi- eris 67. 8 . jioime |)U ut-gsest : dum egredieris 67. 8 . he f)reade : increpauit 105. 9 . jmsend : mille 90. 7 . |iusenda fram swi^ran : milia a dextris 90. 7 . ])weorne : see bogan ]?. j?y laes aefre Jm aetspurne : ne um- c{uam offendas 90. 12 . for jiysse : pro hac [altered from I hoc] 31. 6 . ■f 2 3 9031 01333518 ‘WIJW B^7 2S7Rln Author Bllckllng horn-: 1 tpq The Bllchling homi]iP« ui tne Veu Lli UehLUi'ii' ; ed . By _Hev,R,MQ rri rt jj. Boston College Library Chestnut Hill 67, Mass. Books may be kept for two weeks unless a shorter time is specified. Two cents a day is charged for each 2-week book kept overtime; 25 cents a day for each overnight book. If you cannot find what you want, inquire at the delivery desk for assisstance. !-Sl