i /S ^ O'NEILL LIBRARY BOSTON COLLEGE BOSTON: ITS COMMERCE, FINANCE^LITERATURE WITH ILLUSTRATIONS. 1892 PUBLISHED BY THE A. F. PARSONS PUBLISHING COMPANY, 149 AND 151 Church Street, New York. I \ ^ 53799 ( I GENERAL INDEX. Adams, J. Q., & Co., Subscription Books 256 Adams & Ilsley, Mfrs. Fine Harness, Saddlery and Horse Clothing 237 Adams & Curtis, Sewing Silk i65 Adams House, Geo. G. Hall, Proprietor 270 Ailman, John H., Optician 1S4 Akron Iron Company 132 Allandale Spring Company 249 Allen, J. N., & Berry, Label Printers. - 283 Allen, Morse & Co., Fruit and Produce Commission. .. 281 Allen, Lane & Co., Dry Goods Commission Merchants 194 Allen, Charles W., Cane and Wood Seat Chairs 183 Amory, G. W., Cotton Buyer 162 American Co-Operative Association 273 American Decorative Company 168 American Leaf Tobacco Company 214 American Postal Machines Company : . . . 88 American Spiced Food Company, James O. Boyle, Proprietor 2i8 American Tool & Machine Company, The 147 Andersen, Henry, Ship Supplies 214 Anderson, A. T., & Son, General Machinists' Work. . . 204 Andrews, Mark, & Co., Overcoats, Reefers and Ulsters 267 Andrews, Frank A., Watch Maker 280 Andrews & Stevens, Provisions 283 Angus, George, & Co. (limited). Leather 177 Appleton, Geo. C, Real Estate Broker 164 Arnold, A. A . B. , Commission Merchant 228 Arnould & Sarremeigna, Millinery and Feathers 279 Ascher, M., Tailor 282 Ashton Valve Company, The 128 Atkins, E., & Co., Raw Sugar 154 Atlas National Bank 81 Atteaux, F. E., & Co., Mfrs. and Importers of Dye stuffs, etc 86 Automatic Fire Alarm & Extinguisher Company, (limited) The 239 Ayer & Co., Opticians s 279 Babcock, F. W., & Co., Independent Illuminating Oils 258 Bacigalupo, N., Sc Co., Foreign and Domestic Fruits.. . 193 Bailey, J. B., Specialties in Confectionery 282 Bailey, J. W., & Sons, Co., Wood Mantels, etc 161 Bailey, T. B., & Co., Perfumers igi-273 Baker, M. G., Oysters, Clams, etc 196 Baker, John W., Stock Broker. '. 1 . . . 152 Baker, Walter, & Co., Mfrs. of Chocolate and Break- fast Cocoa Ill Balch, Jos., Wool 281 Balch Bros., Subscription Book Publishers and Sellers 239 Barbour, F. W., Real Estate, etc 250 Barclay-Clements Company, Commission Merchants.. 153 Barnes, F. G. , & Son, Auctioneers, etc 203 Barney Ventilating Fan Company, The 126 Barrett, C. B., German Peat Moss 225 Barta, L., & Co., Printers 169 Batchelder & Lincoln, Wholesale Boots, Shoes, etc... . 84 Batchelder, Francis, & Co., Beef, Mutton, etc ■ 279 Bay State Brick Company 183 Beach & Co., Dyestuffs 213 Beach & Carridge, Concentrated Extracts ig'^ Beckford's.Photo'-StJidio , 257 Beggs & Cobb, Tanners and Curriers 188 Belledeu & Morgan, Carpenters and Builders 161 Bemis, Emery, & Co., Leaf Tobacco 214 Benjamin, W. W. , Fruit Commission 234 Bennett, B. F., Mfg. Stationer, etc 281 Bennett, Dana W., & Co., Insurance 152 Berlitz School of Languages, The ig8 Bigelow, H. W., Company, Brass and Iron Bedsteads. 206 Bigelow, Austin, Chicago Dressed Beef 165 Bigelow, F. N., Paper, Twine and Marlins 214 Bigelow & Jordan, Picture Framing 282 Binner, Charles S., & Co., Makers of Manifold Letter and Order Books, etc 279 Bird, M. T., & Co., Stationers and Engravers 253 Bishop, D. H., Tailor 268 Bixby, Thomas E., & Co., Commission Merchants. . . . 283 Blackwell, E. D., Contractor and Builder 203 Blaisdell, A. C. , Real Estate, etc 205 Bogigian, Hagop & Co. , Rugs, etc 256 Bolton, Kidder & Co., Beef, Mutton, etc 277 Bond, J., & Co., Fruit Commission Merchants 202 Boston Bank Note and Lithographing Company 247 Boston Brass Andiron and Polishing Company 257 Boston Conservatory of Music 243 GENERAL INDEX. Boston Electric Protective Association, The 114 Boston Engraving Company 202 Boston Gear Works 222 Boston Lead Mfg. Company gS Boston Marble Company 115 Boston & Montana Consolidated Copper and Silver Mining Company in Boston Orange Growers' Company, M. D. Brooks, General Agent 226 Boston Rubber Company 130 Boston Steam Gage Company 176 Bowden, J. G., Mfrs'. Agent 264 Bowles, F. H., & Co., Commission Merchants and Wholesale Butter, Eggs and Cheese 85 Boyce, E. J., Mfr. Diamond Mountings 249 Boynton, Wm., Real Estate 229 Bradford, Thomas & Co., Dry Goods Jobbers 181 Breck, Chas. E. C, Civil Engineer, etc 134 Bridge, J. G., & Co., Hides, Calf Skins, etc 256 Bridgham & Co., Importers of Fine Woolens 197 Briggs, Robert, & Co., China, Glass, Crockery, Lamps, etc 247 Brigham, Edward A., Textile Machinery 160 Brigham & Spofford, Architects 244 Brigham's Hotel and Restaurant, N. H Bush, S. G. Willey, Proprs 81 Brooks, E. D., & Co., Tanners' Supplies 202 Brooks, Lyman B. , Designer, etc 273 Brown, Fred. L., & Co., Beef, Pork, etc 214 Brown, John L, & Sons, Chemists, And Mfrs. Brown's Bronchial Troches g6 Brown, Riley & Co., Stock Brokers 80 Brown, C. E., Real Estate and Commercial Broker . . . 228 Brown, A. D., & Son, Cotton Buyers 255 Brown, T. S., Carpenter and Builder 261 Browne, Arthur Benj., Chemist 255 Bryant & Stratton Commercial School 168 Bullock, H. M., Real Estate, etc 268 Buntin, J. Parker, Chiropodist 249 Burke, T. S., U. S. Claim Agent 258 Burton, A. & E., & Co.. Mfrs. Brushes and Feather Dusters 240 Burton, Mansfield & Pierce, Wholesale Clothiers 186 Butchers, William B. , Mfr. Harness, etc 226 Buzzell, J. G. , & Co. , Boot and Shoe Machinery 224 Cain, Eben H., Diamonds and Mfr. Diamond Jewelry. 242 Callahan, The Cornelius, Company, Mfrs. Fire Depart- ment Supplies 156 Campbell, John, Commission Merchants 166 Capen, George W., & Co., Mfrs. Plush and Leather Toilet Cases 215 Carson Trench Machine Company 170 Carter, John, & Co., Wholesale Paper Dealers 150 Case, Dudley & Battelle, Dry Goods Commission Merchants ; 193 Cavagnaro, J., & Co., Foreign and Domestic Fruits.. . 85 Chadbourne & Moore, Shoe Goods, etc 269 Chadwick & Stillings, Builders 247 Chadwick Iron Works, A. R. Chadwick, Propr 24S Chandler & Farquhar, Machinists' Supplies, etc 222 Chapman & Soden, Roofing and Paving Materials .... 171 Chase, L. C, & Co., Mfrs. Horse Clothing, etc 96 Chase, Amos F., Mfr. Shirts, etc 216 Chase, J. Eastman, Paintings, etc 266 Chase, Chas. F., Insurance 265 Cheever, A. G., & Co., Mfrs. Paper Boxes 141 Chidsey & Partridge, Surgical and Electrical Instru- ments 274 Child Acme Cutter and Press Company, The 206 Choate Drug and Chemical Company 237 Church Cleansing Company 232 Church, F. T., & Co., Pharmacists 282 Church, Herbert C, Banker and Broker 187 Churchill, F. S., Ladies' Fine Boots 185 Churchill, N. W., Mfr. Shawls, Fascinators, etc 217 Cibils Company, of the United States, Fluid Extract of Beef 218 Clark Bros. & Co., Fruits and Produce 278 Clark, G. F., & Co., Boston Yacht Agency 170 Clark, Geo. H., Boot, Shoe and Slipper Patterns, etc. . 192 Clark, B. G., & Co., Laces and Embroideries 24S Clark, Edward E., Art Stationer 265 Clarke, Barnabas, Wines and Liquors 251 Clapp, Alfred, & Co., Wholesale Lumber 188 Clayton, Fred. I., Tailor 188 Cleve, Jos., & Co., Wines and Liquors . . 269 Cobb, M. L., Bituminous Coal 179 Coffin, Altemus & Co., Dry Goods Commission Mer- chants 117 Coffin, George Winthrop, Insurance 181 Coggan, Alden, Hides, Calf and Lamb Skins, etc 217 Cohen, S., & Co., Small Wares, etc 234 Colby, W. M., & Co., Builders' and Cabinet Hardware 167 Collamore & Co., Soap, etc 219 Collins, J. Lincoln, Fancy Brass, Bronze, Iron and Wire Work 175 Collins, Geo. Z., & Co., Leather Board and Straw Board, etc 219 Collins & Co., Real Estate and Mortgages 240 Comer's Commercial College 225 Compagnie Generate Transatlantique, Duncan Bailly Blanchard, Agent 156 Conant & Bean, Fruits and Produce 274 Conlon, John, & Co. , Wines and Liquors 267 Connecticut River Lumber Company, The 112 Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company, D. W. Kilburn, General Agent 122 Constitution Wharf Company 23S Continental National Bank 176 Converse, Stanton & CuUen, Dry Goods Commission Merchants 193 Coolidge, A. H., Lumber and Coal 216 Co-Operative Farm Agency 254 Corne, W. F., Importer of Paper Stock 18S Cotton, Durgin & Maag, Mfrs. Mineral Waters 228 Covell & Rouk, Men's Furnishers 221 Covert Bros. , Ship Stores, etc 221 Coy, Samuel I., Restaurant 183 Craig, Wm. K., & Co., Machinists and Engineers 269 Crane, L. M., & Co., Oils 235 Cressy, M. D., & Co., Teamsters and Forwarders 222 GENERAL INDEX. Crehore, C. F., & Sen, Mfrs. Press Papers and Cards for Jacquard Looms 131 Cronin & McGonagle, Plumbers 246 Crowell, Timothy, Lumber 221 Crown, W. S., & Co., Watches, Clocks, etc. 253 Cumberland Manufacturing Company, Mfrs. the War- ren Filters 92 Cummings, C. H., & Co., Flour and Commission Mer- chants 93 Cummings, Josiah, & Son, Mfrs. and Dealers in Trunks, etc 159 Cummings, H. H., & Co., Machinists. 212 Cunard Steamship Company (Limited) 132 Cundall, E. M., Manfr. Piano Covers, etc 258 Cunningham, J. H., Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings.. 88 Curtis, C. P., & Co., Produce Commission and Whole- sale Fresh Fish 282 Cushing, Olmsted & Snow, Men's, Youths' and Boys' Clothing 200 Cushman, Ara, Company, Manfrs. Boots and Shoes . . 238 Cutting, Frank A., Helmlock Bark 159 Cutting Car Company, Patent Tan Bark Cars. . ..... 159 Davenport, J., Jr., Tobacco and Cigars 248 Dale, John P., & Co., Bookbinders 235 Davidson, W. E., Fire Insurance 182 Davis, F. H., c& Co., Paper Mill Machinery 215 Davis, Curtis, & Co., Manfrs. Soap 132 Davis, Chapin & Co., Fruits and Produce 275 Deering, William, & Co., Harvesting Machinery 179 Denny, Poor & Co., Dry Goods Commission Mer- chants 229 Derby, P., & Co.. Manfrs. Chairs 154 Derry, C. T., & Co., Sea Wall Builders 190 Desk Exchange 244 Desmond, D. W., Real Estate, etc 266 Dexter, Frederic, & Co 252 Dexter Bros., Manfrs. English Shingle Stain 136 DiUaway, James H., Beef, Pork, etc 277 Dinsmore, T. H., U. S. War Claim Agent 226 Dinsmore, Wm. J., Manfr. Regalia and Supplies 271 Dodge, Albert, Grain Commission Merchant 85 Doll & Richards, Fine Arts 254 Dooley's Hotel, John Hewlett, Proprietor 253 Draper, Albert, & Co. , Lumber . 242 Drewsen French Cleansing and Dyeing Company, The 257 DriscoU, F. F., & Co., Provisions 279 Duncan, W. D., & Nickerson, Submarine Divers, etc.. 220 Durkee, Davis & Drake, Liquors 285 Dyer, Rice & Co., Hats, Straw Goods, etc.. 120 Eaton, Geo. H., & Co., Manfrs. Presses and Tools for Working Sheet Metals 249 Eaton, Geo. E., Auctioneer, etc. 225 Eco Magneto Clock Company 136 Edgerly, W. H., Note Broker 207 Edmands' Art Supply Store 247 Elastic Tip Company 141 Electric Gas Lighting Company, Manfrs. Electrical Goods 99 Eliot National Bank 236 Ellicott, J. P., & Co., Ship and Insurance Brokers 262 Ellsworth & Piehler, Furriers n8 Elson, George H., Watches, Clocks and Silverware . . . 247 Emerson, D. R., & Co., Dress and Cloak Trimmings, etc 240 Emerson, Thos. W., & Co., Seeds 224 Empire Laundry Machinery Company 131 Endicott & Macomber, Insurance 222 Engineering Equipment Company 123 Enterprise Plating Company, Electro Plating, etc 250 Equitable Life Assurance Society, of New York no Evans Artificial Leather Company, The 210 Everett Mills, Manfrs. Denims, Cottonades, Ginghams, etc 228 Excelsior Umbrella Manufacturing Company 211 Fairlie, J. B., Bakers' Supplies, etc 279 Faneuil Hall National Bank 122 Fenno, Isaac, & Co. , Clothing 179 Fenno Bros. & Childs, Wool Commission Merchants.. 205 Finn & Kelley, Gents' Furnishers 244 Fisk, G. R., & Co. , Ribbons, Silks, etc 125 Fitch, Nathan A., Poultry and Game 243 Flanders, O. H., Real Estate, etc 216 Fleming, E., & Co., Bookbinders 264 Fleming & Co., Bankers and Brokers 173 Follett, Geo., & Co., Wool ; 210 Fobes, Hayward & Co. (Incorporated), Manfg. Con- fectioners 231 Foster, Wm. T., & Co., Brass Founders and Finishers. 247 Fowle, Seth W., & Sons, Proprietors of Dr. Wister's Balsam of Wild Cherry, etc 218 Fowle, Cobb & Pearson, Manfrs. Silk, Flannel and Cheviot Shirts 91 Fraternity Publishing Company, The 248 Freese, August H., Manfr. Spring Beds 216 French, Benj., & Co., Photographic Materials 250 French, William C, Manfr. Bedsteads, etc 174 French's Business College 233 Frink, Alden, Architect .' 208 Frost, Thos. P., Forwarding Agent and Truckman 275 Fullarton, J., & Co., Wholesale Grocers' Specialties.. . 283 Fuller, Harding & Co., Bankers loi Fuller, J. B. , & Co., Wines, Brandies, etc 204 Gahm, Jos., Ales and Beer 157 Gallison, Wm. H., Engineers' Specialties 130 Gamewell Auxiliary Fire Alarm Company 122 Gill & Lootz, Ship Brokers 23 1 Gilman, J. D., Dining Rooms 203 Gilpatrick, J. W., Carpenter and Builder 251 Globe Investment Company 136 Glover, J. L., Provisions 278 Googins, T. B., & Co., Butter, Cheese, etc 156 G. & P. Engraving Company, Die Sinking, Designing and Engraving 216 Grace, J. J., Millinery 242 Graham, J., Wrapping Paper, Twines, etc 202 Grant, Jott, Wooden Boxes and Box Shooks 262 Granular Metal Company, Joel H. Hills, General Agent 148 Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company, The 185 GENERAL INDEX. Gregory, F. W., & Co., Oils, Varnishes, etc 127 Griffin, H. B., & Co., Produce Commission Merchants. 227 Gross, J., & Co., Beef, Porlc, etc 271 Grundy Brass Works 201 Hackett, Geo. G., Broker 266 Haley, Chas. E. , & Co., Druggists' Sundries 139 Hall, Martin L., & Co., Wholesale Grocers 106 Hallett, Albert, Printer 278 Hallissy, D. J., Bookbinder 238 Ham, W. A., Real Estate 252 Hamblin, H., Sailmaker, 220 Hamilton Woolen Company 208 Hammond Typewriter Company, Fred S. Barstow, Mgr. 155 Hanford-Stanford Company, The 98 Harding, F. E., & Co., Fish and Lobsters 203 Harding, Whitman & Co., Commission Merchants, Woolen Cloths, Dress Goods and Yarns 92 Hardy, A. N., Photographer 251 Hardy, A. C, & Co., Doors, Sashes, etc 187 Harris, H., & Co., Auctioneers and Comm. Merchants. 229 Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Com- pany 191 Harvey Manufacturing Company 268 Harvey, Chas. C., & Co., Pianofortes 237 Haskell, W., & Co., Fish 278 HaskinsJ& Montague, Commission Merchants, Cotton, Wool, etc 253 Hastings, George H;, Portraits 214 Hastings, Henry, Swedish Iron and Stetl 121 Hatch's Hat House 212 Hayes, Geo. H., Ship, Derrick and General Ironworker 268 Hayes, W. J., & Sons, Municipal Bonds 200 Hayward, J. Francis, Rubber Goods 126 Hazelton & Goddard, Decorators, etc 242 Heath, E. C, Real Estate, etc 153 Heilbrun, Edwin S., Doussan French Perfumery Com- pany, New Orleans, La 144 Heliotype Printing Company, The 233 Henry, John J., & Co. , Boots and Shoes 228 Herrick, Wm., Fish 158 Hill, Clarke & Co., Iron and Brassworking Machin- ery, etc 1 27 Hills, Wm. S., Company, Flour and Produce 265 Hillson, H. M., Manfr. Tinware, Kitchen Furnishing Goods, etc 193 Hodgdon, D. M., & Co., Manfrs. andjobbers Clothing. 154 Hodges, Frank F., & Co., Manfrs. Straw Goods 195 Hodgkins & Hodgkins, Tailors 245 Hodgman Rubber Company 184 Holland Studios, Ye, Photographers, W. A. Holland, Propr 109 HoUis & Snow, Insurance 200 Holmes & Blanchard, Mill Furnishers 146 Holt, A., & Co., Steam and Water Heating 230 Holt, O. J., & Co., Metal Platers 262 Home Savings Bank ig8 Homer, Geo. E., Watches, etc 280 Hood, R. S., Scrap Iron, etc 264 Hood, A. L., Watchmaker and Jeweler 252 Horle, A., & Son, Manfis. Paper Boxts 226 Hopkinson & Marden, Wholesale Wooden, Willow and Tin Ware 145 Horn, The E. B. Company, Jewelers, Wholesale and Retail 246 Hosmer, C. B., Foreign and Domestic Fruit 269 Hotel Grand View, P. A. Sheehan & Co., Proprs 221 Hotel Winthrop, T. Keleher, Propr 175 Houghton, G. B., & Co., Commission Merchants 252 Houghton, J. H., Machinery 119 Howe, Elias, Company, Violins 176 Howe, Brown & Co. (Limited), Manfrs. Steel 128 Howe, Irving A., Manfr. " Hub" Brand Shirts, Wraps and Drawers 236 Howard National Bank. 86 Howard, P. B., Dry Goods Commission Merchant. . . . 187 Hoyt & Tripp, Mechanical Draughtsmen, etc 258 Huckins, P. S. , & Co. , Lumber 83 Humphrey, J. B., Diamonds 269 Hunt, Geo. W., & Co., Steel 277 Improved Process Glue Company, The 125 India Mutual Insurance Company 224 Iowa Loan and Trust Company 178 Irving & Co., Commission Grain, Flour, etc 283 Jackson, Jos. A., Hatter and Furrier 264 Jackson, W., & Son, Tailors 280 Jacob, S. , Antique Furniture, etc 226 Jacobs, David H., & Son, Masons and Builders 223 Jaynes & Co. , Pharmacists 278 Jenkins, L. Edward, Engineers', Steamship, Yacht Supplies, etc 240 Jennings, C. E;, Real Estate ajid Insurance Broker. . . 243 Johnson, F. H., & Co., Fish 281 Johnson & Glover, Manfr. Papier Mache Forms, etc. . 220 Johnson Electric Service Company 210 Johnston Line, The . ■ 109 Jones & Co., New York City Roller Flour Mills 223 Jones Manufacturing Company, Gem Water Filters. . . 208 Jones, McDuffee & Stratton, China, Glass and Lamps. i86 Kearsarge Mining Company 113 Keenan, P. J., Wool, etc 248 Kenison, Dr. N. , & Sons, Chiropodists 234 Kimball, Charles, & Co., Fruit and Produce i8g King & Goddard, Plumbers' Supplies, etc 271 Kingsley, Gardner P., Real Estate, etc 133 Knapp, B. L., & Co., Dentists' Materials 233 Knapp, W. B., Diamonds 243 Knitted Fabrics Company, The 203 Krikorian, H., Oriental and French Confectionery... . 232 Lacing Stud Company, The 126 Lagreze, Hermann C, Insurance 216 Lally & Collins, Hosiery, Underwear and Fancy Dry Goods..... 183 Lament, Geo. D , Beef, Pork, etc 27S Lamprecht Bros. & Co., Bankers 118 Lane & Rowell, Tailors ... ■ 260 Langdon, W. G., Watches and Clocks 194 Lanzendoerfer, Geo., & Co., Chemists 240 GENERAL INDEX. Lappen Bros., Wooden Ware, Brooms, etc 159 Lawrence, Charles, & Co., Foreign and Domestic Fruits, etc 260 Lawrence, H. L., & Co., Wholesale and Retail Poultry, Game, etc 185 Lawrence, H. S., Clothing Company 262 Leach, H. L., New England Agent for the Boston Forge Company, etc 157 Leach, Shewell & Sanborn, Publishers 149 Leavitt & Co., Household Specialties 163 Lee & Shepard, Publishers 142 Leighton, Royal B., Insurance, etc 224 Leland, Towle & Co., Bankers and Brokers 235 Lenth, Geo. C, & Co., Bankers and Brokers 133 Leonard, Geo. H., & Co., Importers of Oils and Grease 181 Lombard, N. C, Mechanical Engineer and Solicitor of Patents 211 Long, J. H., Machinist 255 Lothrop, D., Company, Publishers 104-5 Lott, V. F., & Co., Commission Stock Brokers 216 Low, Wm. F., Oils, Steamship and Engineers' Sup- plies , 255 Lowell, John A., & Co., Engravers and Printers 200 Lowell, D. W., & Son, Fruit and Produce Commission. 238 Lowry, M., & Co., Linen 230 Lumb, Wm., & Co., Plumbers 158 Lund, Jewell & Welch, Solicitors of Patents jgi MacDonald Bros., Manfrs. Awnings, etc 257 Mack, John, Jr., Mason and Builder 161 Mack, John, Plasterer 201 Magee Furnace Company 137 Maguire, P. J., & Co., Military Tailors 253 Manchester Locomotive Works 232 Mannall & Co., Real Estate, etc 201 Manning, Wm. E., & Co., Investment Bankers, etc... 80 Manufacturers National Bank 190 Marble, W. P., & Co., Brass Finishers 244 Marshall, John E., Manfr. Saratoga Potato Chips 266 Martell, A. E., N. E. Representative of the Samuel Haho Company 249 Martin, G. P., Vapor Stoves, Torches, etc 190 Martin, E. A. , Real Estate 194 Mason, Geo. H., & Co., Lanterns, Tinware, etc 151 Mason, W. A., & Co., Butter, Cheese, etc 196 Mason & Risch, Manfrs. of the Vocalion 259 Mason, J. B., Commission Merchant 206 Mather Electric Company, The, of Manchester, Conn.. 134 Mattson, John, Real Estate 81 Maynard & Child, Commission Merchants 177 McClintock & Woodfall, Civil Engineers 97 McDonald, P. F., Patent Dump Carts, etc 245 McDowell Portable Oven Company, The 213 Mclnerney, Daniel, Merchandise Broker and Manfrs.' Agent ; . 215 McKay, G. R., D. D. S. 265 McKee, Thos. W., Manfr. Table Luxuries 124 McLauthlin, Geo. T., & Co., Machinery 274 McMillan, A., & Co., Tailors 202 McPhail, A. M. , Piano Company 273 Meader, J. T., & Co., Hides, etc. 166 Mercantile Mutual Accident Association 127 Merrill, Dexter & Co., Paints, Oils, Varnishes, etc 205 Merrimac Chemical Company 208 Merriman, F. E., Whalebone 187 Michigan Radiator and Iron Mfg. Company 139 Miles & Thompson, Sheet Music 254 Miller, Edmund W., Mfr. Miller's Reform Boot 185 Minard's Liniment Mfg. Company 162 Mitchell, Henry, Medal List, Seal and Gem Engraver. 282 Monson Maine Slate Company 2io Monument National Bank, The 231 Moore, J. A., Boots and Shoes 26S Moore, George W., Piano Hardware 246 Moors, J. B., & Co., Bankers, 137 Morley Button Sewing Machine Company t6i Morrell, I. R., & Co., Commission Dealers, Fruits and Produce 236 Morrison, C. E., & Co., Fruits and Produce 277 Morrison, Geo. H., Engineer 130 Morrow & Wilkinson, Tin Plate, Sheet Iron and Cop- per Workers 212 Morse, Walter R., & Co., Manufacturers' Agents loi Moseley T. E., & Co., Boots and Shoes 250 Mount Vernon National Bank 107 Mt. Washington Cold Spring Mfg. Company 205 Mudge, Alfred, & Son, Printers 87 Mudgett, H. L., Bananas 150 Mullett, Geo. F., Weigher 221 Murphy, D. J., Plate Music Printing,. 282 Murphy & McCarthy, Publishers and Manufacturers. . 272 Murphy Varnish Company 128 Murray & Tregurtha Company, The, Tool Makers and Machinists 20-/ Murtfeldt, W. A., Roofing 217 Mutual Life Insurance Company, of New York, C. A. Hopkins, General Agent 116 Mutual Reserve Fund Life Association 270 National Bank of The Commonwealth 78 National Typewriter Company 261 National Webster Bank, The 16S Nason, J. L., & Co., Auctioneers, etc 140 New England Autographic Register Company 213 New England House, C. W.- Parker & Co., Proprietors. 145 New England Fire and Heat Regulator Company 152 New England Mutual Accident Association. 100 New England National Bank, The 188 New England Printing Telegraph Company 241 New England Roller Grate Company 178 New England Soap Company 180 Newhall, Henry B., Company, Shipping and Commis- sion Merchants 242 Newman, L., & Co., Wholesale Jewelers 226 Newton, John F., Jr., & Bro., Real Estate, etc 207 Norcross, Mellen & Co., Crockery, China and Glass- ware 223 North British and Mercantile Insurance Company. . . . 207 North Packing and Provision Company 91 Northern Assurance Company 123 Norton Door-Check and Spring Company, The 146 Norton, F. P., & Co., Mfrs. Cigars 280 GENERAL INDEX. Ober, C. F., Artist 196 Oriental Coffee House Company, " Alhambra," 252 Osborn & Wilson, Wholesale Paper 215 Osborn, A., & Co., Commission Merchants 139 Osceola Consolidated Mining Company 93 Osgood, H. H., & Co., Mfrs. Weather Strips, etc 250 Page & Shaw, Fine Confectionery 246 Page Belting Company, Leather and Rubber Belting. 155 Page, C. J., Real Estate Agent and Broker 182 Paige, John C, Insurance Agency 164 Park Bro. & Co., (Limited) Black Diamond Steel Works 225 Parker, A. B., & Son, Kansas City and Chicago Dressed Beef 245 Parker, Wilder & Co., Commission Merchants 87 Parker, McCobb & Co., General Commission Mer- chants 114 Parry Bros. & Co., Mfrs. Brick i37 Patch & Roberts, Fruit and Produce Commission Mer. chants 186 Pattee, H. W., & Co., Bankers and Brokers 195 Pazolt, T. C, & Son, Mfg. Furriers 169 Peabody Bros., Produce 260 Peirson, C. L., & Co., Iron 246 Percival, D. C, & Co., Wholesale Watches, Diamonds, etc 125 Pettingell, Andrews Co., Electric Light and Railway Supplies 103 Philbrook, Geo. H., & Co., Commission Dealers But- ter, Cheese and Eggs 212 Philpott, A. J., & Co., Printers 80 Photo-Electro Engraving Company 225 Pierce, C. F., & Co., Real Estate, etc 125 Pickering, John & Moseley, Bankers and Brokers 230 Pike Manufacturing Company, Plumbers' Specialties.. 284 Potter, J. S., Representing the Edison Electric Illu- minating Co. of Boston 258 Powers, W. E., & Co., Commission and Dealers in Produce and Provisions 283 Powlis, J. O., Manufacturers' Agent 196 Pratt, William Francis, Optician no Pratt's, Daniel, Son, Clocks, etc 163 Pray, Arthur H., Diamonds, etc 256 Prior, Ingalls & Co., Wholesale and Commission Deal- ers in Fresh Fish 192 Proctor, W. N., & Co., Custom House Brokers 149 QuiMBY & Co., Stock Brokers 266 Rand & Crane, Jewelers 82 Randall, Goodale & Co., Mfrs. of Manilla and Sisal Cordage, Cotton Duck, etc 180 Reed, H. B., & Co., Mfrs. Boots and Shoes 265 Reed, Frank T., Shirts, Collars and Cuffs 196 Reynolds & Haley, Beef, Pork, etc 271 Rhodes, Ripley & Co., Wholesale Clothiers 149 Rice, A. W., & Co., Dry Goods and Notions 254 Richards & Co., Tin Plates, Sheet Iron and Metals. . . 195 Richardson, A. P., Engines, Boilers, etc 258 Richardson, Hill & Co., Bonds, Stocks, etc 129 Richardson, Howe & Lovejoy, Mfrs. Wrappers, Ladies' Cotton Underwear, Aprons, etc 103 Richardson, Charles, & Co., Paints, Oils and Varnishes 165 Richardson, Wm. H., Ladies' and Gent's Custom Hand-Sewed Hygienic Boots and Shoes 283 Rico, A. F., & Co., Tobacco 140 Ridgway Furnace Company 121 Roach, J., & Co., Fish, etc 280 Robbins, Curtis M., Paper Ruler 166 Robbins, John C, Manufacturing Company, Manfr. Baggage Checks, Badges, etc 245 Robinson & Woodworth, Tea Importers 223 Robinson, William, & Co., Sailmakers 244 Rockingham Machine Company, Shoe Machinery. . . . 139 Rockwell & Churchill Press, The , 79 Rockwell, Harvey G., Wool, Dress Goods, etc 217 Rolfe, Franklin, & Co., Shipping and Commission Merchants . . . .' 135 Rollins, John A., Pork, Lard, Hams, etc 241 Ross, Louis H., & Co., Musical Merchandise 253 " Rossmore, The," H. P. Morrissey, Propr 233 Rowe, Thos. A., Contractor for Public Works, etc. . . . 186 Rutan, W. L., Contractor and Builder 267 Sage & Co., Rubber Boots and Shoes 267 Sage's Trunk Depot 256 Sanborn, J. W., & Co., Opticians 236 Sanford, Albert E., Real Estate, etc 219 Sanford, S., & Sons, of New York, Carpets 269 Schumacher, Charles J., & Sons, Church Decorators. . 234 Sears, E. B., Furs 275 Security Safe Deposit Company 174 Sehlbach, E., & Co., Importers of Artificial Alizarines and Aniline Colors 192 Seldon, E. W., Builder 220 Sewall, Thos., Real Estate, etc 129 Shaw, John W., & Co., Real Estate, etc 255 Shepard & Co., Iron, Steel Ties and Bagging 248 Shepard & Samuel, Wholesale Brooms, etc 200 Shipman Engine Company 147 Shultz Belting Company 131 Simmons, Amsden & Co., Fruits and Vegetables 212 Simpson Bros., Rock Asphalt Floors 201 Sioux Investment Company 174 Slattery & D'Arcy, Wholesale Lumber 143 Small, Edwin S., Real Estate, etc 221 Small, J. B., & Co., Agricultural Implements 232 Smardon, John A., & Co., Commission Merchants and Manufacturers' Agents 235 Smith, Thos. J. M., & Co., Printers 248 Smith, W. E. & C. W., Fruit, Produce, etc 241 Smith, William A., Real Estate Broker 235 Smith & Anthony Stove Company 213 Smith, J. A., Agricultural Implements and Machines.. 211 Smith, Whiting, Connor & Co., Clothing ig8 Smith Premier Typewriter Company, The, E. F. Jones, N. E., Mgr 150 Smith, B. F., & Bro., Driven Wells 143 Smith, Jos. Wm., & Co., Manfrs. Suspenders, Shoulder Braces, etc 171 Smith, J. F. & G. H., Architects 272 GENERAL INDEX. Smethport Extract Company, Manfrs. Extract of Hem- lock Bark 224 Snow, J. N., & Son, Groceries, etc 268 Snow Flake Axle Grease Company 265 Soper, J. E., & Co., Millers' Agents for Cotton Seed Meal, etc 124 Sorell, A. C. F., Wholesale Commission Lumber and Lime 223 South Boston Iron Works 281 Spear, Henry T., & Son, Wholesale Watches, Silver- ware, etc 150 Spear & Co., Fruit and Produce Commission Dealers.. 212 Spitz Bros., & Mork, Manfrs. Men's and Boys' Cloth- ing 79 Splane, R., & Co., Commission Merchants, Vessels, Lumber, Produce and Fish 228 Springer Brothers, Cloak House 173 Spurr, Howard W., & Co., Wholesale Grocers 142 Squire, Joseph, & Co., Wholesale Provisions . 164 Standard Stave and Cooperage Company 135 Standard Wire Mattress Company 151 Standard, The 239 State Street Safe Deposit and Trust Company, The. . . 167 State Mutual Life Assurance Co. of Worcester, Mass. . 148 Stearns, The A. T., Lumber Company 197 Stebbins, John, & Co., General Transfer Agents 266 " Stereo- Relief " Decorative Company, of New Eng- land, The .. 276 Stevenson, John L., & Co., Wines, Spirits, etc 189 Stewart & Binney, Naval Architects and Yacht Brokers 175 Stimpson, Littlefield & Co., Commission Merchants. . . 102 St. James Hotel, E. F. Mclntire. Manager 254 Stubbs, J. A., Oysters, Clams, etc 277 Sturgis & Cabot, Architects 128 Sturtevant Mill Company 140 Sturtevant & Haley Beef and Supply Companj' 202 Sugar River Farm Cafe, E. S. Fletcher, Propr 219 Sullivan Harbor Land Company, The 217 Sullivan, Richard T., Manfr. Wool Extracts 142 Swain Lubricator Company, Sole Manfrs. Swain Patent Lubricator for Journals 123 Swan, Harrison, & Co., Poultry and Wild Game 277 Swan & Atwood, Auctioneers, etc 155 Swazey, H. B., & Co., Lumber Commission Merchants 157 Swett, Geo. W. , Wholesale Druggist 260 Swift & Co., Wholesale Commission Merchants 149 Swift, M. A., & Son, Wholesale Manfrs. and Paper Dealers 170 Swift, J. B., Mfrs.' Agent and Commission Merchant. . 185 Sylvester & Co. , Somerville Spike Works 208 Tamarack Mining Company 118 Taylor & Rathvon, Mining Investments 171 Third National Bank, The 120 Thomas & Wadsworth, Printers' and Bookbinders' Machinists 264 Thomson & Fessenden, Linens and Jute Goods 229 Thurlow, G. M., Suspender Webs 255 Tilton, Stephen, & Co., Tobaccos 266 Toppan, F. B., Importer of Novelties 239 Tucker, J. A., & Co., Mfrs. Leather Garments, etc.. . . 230 Travelers' Insurance Company, S. F. Woodman, Gen- eral Agent 127 Turner & Brown, Boots, Shoes, etc '. 255 Turner, N. W., Company, Electric Light Fixtures, etc. 199 Tuttle, Henry H., & Co., Boots and Shoes 199 Tuttle & Bailey Manufacturing Company 177 Twombly, W. A. , Florist 271 Typewriter Improvement Company, The 251 Underhay Oil Company 182 Union Paste Company 2'j6 Union Carpet Lining Company 158 Union Safe Deposit Vaults, The 181 United States Sewage Filtering and Fertilizer Com- pany 230 United States Hotel, Tilly Haynes, Resident Propr ... 112 Upham, H. W., Bookbinder and Gilder 247 Utley & Boynton, Produce Commission Merchants igg Van Alstine, Dr. S. M. , Trusses, etc 256 Wade, J. M., Real Estate, etc 257 Wadsworth, Geo. L., Real Estate, etc 184 Wain Wright Manufacturing Company, The, Heaters, Condensers, etc 151 Walker & Co., Oils 246 Walker-Stetson-Sawyer Company, Mfrs., Importers and Jobbers, Fancy Goods, Notions, etc 108-9 Walker, E. W., & Co., Publishers 172 Walkinshaw & Voight, Woolens 257 Walter, Tucker & Co., Bankers and Brokers 218 Walworth Manufacturing Company, Steam Engineers and Contractors 90 Ware, Leonard, & Sons, Oils 89 Warren Chemical and Manufacturing Company 121 Warren Soap Manufacturing Company, The 145 Washburn-Crosby Company, Merchant Millers, Col. C. C. G. Thornton, General Agt 134 Wason, Pierce & Co., Wholesale Grocers 250 Waterhouse, Wm. E., Naval Architect, etc 132 Wayne, John D., & Co., Mfrs.' Agents 220 Wayne, A. A., & Co., Mfrs.' Agents 147 Webber, Dr. C. , Dentist 264 Weeks, W. B. P., Real Estate, etc 141 Weeks & Potter Company, The, Wholesale Drugs 77 Weeman, Orin, Violins, etc 245 Wehde, Carl, Mfr. Piano Cases '. . 250 Welch Bros. , Cut Flowers, etc 261 Wendell, A. Q., Mfrs.' Agent and Commission Mer- chant 235 Wentworth, V., & Co., Mfrs. Pianofortes 177 Weston, W. M., Wholesale Watches, Clocks, etc 211 Whalen & Farnum, Engravers and Printers 205 Wheeler, Jos. H., Plate Printer, etc 262 Wheeler Bros., Children's Lace Caps, etc 257 Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company 209 Wheeler & Cummings, Mfrs. Boot and Shoe Patterns.. 163 Whidden, A. A., Merchandise Broker 178 Whitaker, L. A., Beef 280 Whitcomb, H. C , & Co., Electro and Stereotypers 185 White, J. H., & Co., Mfrs'. Agents 214 GENERAL INDEX. White, J. Henry, Musical Instruments 252 White, Jean, Music Publisher 154 White, Thos.,. & Co., Mfrs. Boots and Shoes 267 White, The S. S., Dental Manufacturing Company.. . . 209 Whitman & Barnes .Manufacturing Company, Mower Knives, Reaper Sickles, etc 194 Whitmore & Robinson, Consulting Electrical Engineers. 163 Whittemore, S. D., Real Estate, etc 197 Whitney, F. E., Machinist 237 Whitney, Clough & Co., Commission Merchants 113 Whitney, R. H., & Co., Commission Brokers 162 Wieck, John A., Engineer and Machinist. 235 Wight Brothers, Furs and Skins 164 Williams Manufacturing Company, Mfrs. Manvel Wind Engines 206 Williams, H. A., Manufacturing Company 229 Wilkinson & Tinkham, Electrical Engineers and Con- tractors 192 Willison, E. C, Marble, Granite, etc 260 Wilson, R. D., & Co., Electric Securities 243 Wilson, J. F., Real Estate 261 Wilson &: Silsby, Sailmakers 258 Wing, L. J., Company, Mfrs. and Contractors for Ven- tilating, Heating, etc. , apparatus 162 Woodward, C. E., & Co., Druggists 254 Woodward, H. E., & Co., Wholesale Salt and Pickled Fish 222 Woonsocket Rubber Company 270 Worthen Hosiery Company 173 Wright, S. B., Manufacturing Company, Chemists, etc. 231 Wright, Brown & Crossley, Solicitors of Patents.. , . . . 144 Wright, J., Company, Tobacco Mfrs 120 Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict, Remington Standard Typewriters and Supplies, H. V. Rowell, Mgr.... 164 Yarmouth Steamship Company, (Limited) J. F. Spin- ney, Agt 167 Young's Hotel, J. R. Whipple & Co., Proprs 94 OSTON has long been justly regarded as the home of culture, refinement and art, while being best known as the " Hub " of the universe. It also com- mands the attention of the historian and reviewer for its historic memories, its commercial greatness and its wonderful advance in wealth and popu- lation. The first authentic settlement of Boston, which was originally called " Shawmut " by the Indians, was in the year 1630, by the colonists from Salem, who named the site of the present city Trimountaine — a name derived from the three peaks afterwards known as Copp's, Beacon and Fort Hills. History states that an eccentric gospel minister, the, Rev. William Blaxton, first purchased from the Indians the entire peninsula on 1 ;wl^ich Boston now stands. The civic intolerance and religious bigotry on the part of the Puritans proved too much for rninister Blaxton, however, for, said he, "I came from England because I did not like the Lord Bishops, but I cannot join with you because I would not be under the Lord's Brethren." He accordingly sold to the colonists the whole of the peninsula, except six acres where his houses stood on Beacon Hill, for ^30 ($150). What was once Governor Hancock's pasture'- was purchased by the town of Boston in 1795 and presented to the State as the site for the new state house; and on July 4th of that year the corner stone was' laid with imposing ceremonies. In January 1798, the legislature took possession of the new Capitol, whose gilded dome is at this day the first object that strikes" the eye of the stranger approaching Boston in any direction, by land or sea,i standing, majestically, as it does, 26 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. on the highest point of Beacon Hill. Its foundations are more than one hundred feet above water level, and its dome, which was covered with gold leaf in 1874, rises to an altitude of one hundred and ten feet. On the slope and at the base of the hill, overlooked by the Capitol, is the Common, probably the most famous bit of land on the American Continent. It is a natural park of forty-eight acres, shaded by a thousand ancient and graceful elms, and the resting place for the visitor, the tourist and the sight-seer, as well as the resort of citizens, young and old. It is- surrounded on its five sides by Tremont, Boylston, Beacon, Charles and Park Streets, and contains many handsome monuments and lovely walks. The Public Garden lies just west of the Common, and forms one of the handsomest parks in the country. It contains some twenty- four acres ; in the center is an artificial lake, with fountains, iron bridge, pleasure boats, etc ; the velvety lawns are kept in perfect order, and the floral displays are the finest in America. The Garden contains many fine statues, among them being a colossal equestrian one of Gen- eral Washington, bronze statues of Charles Sumner and Edward Everett, and a granite and red marble monument to commemorate the discovery in Boston of ether as an anaesthetic. By night the Garden is briJliantiy illuminated by electric lights, and in summer presents an ever-moving paBorama of beamty and fashion. ^GIBOWTH IN AREA. Probably no city in the Union has extended her domain and grown rich by acquirement of land on all sides as has been the case with Boston. When Blaxton was here, "lord of all he surveyed," his landed possessions formed a pear-like peninsula, two miles in length and a little more than one mile at its greatest breadth. Now the original 783 acres of solid land have become 1829 ; the marshes have been reclaimed, the hills have been cut down, the whole sur- face of the original ground has been leveled and graded, and every square inch turned over and over; while new territory has been added by annexing adjoining cities and towns, until now the area of the city is 23,661 acres (36 7-10 square miles) — more than thirty times as great as the original area. The districts acquired are as follows, viz.: South Boston, 1002 acres ; East Boston, 836; Roxbury, 2700; Dorchester, 5614; West Roxbury, 7848; Brighton, 2277; Charles- town, 586, Breed's Island, 785 ; Deer Island, 184. The city has within it 123,268,652 feet of marsh-land flats ; and the measurement of the city from north to south is eleven miles and froin east to west nine miles. The principal business section of the city, lying between the har- bor and Charles River, is a mile and a quarter across. Some of the most valuable sections of the city have been stolen, as it were, by engineering skill from the boundless and restless ocean. All the present water-front extending to a line with Commercial Street, and in places beyond it, is made land, and the most valuable in the city. Atlantic Avenue, extending from the junction of Commercial Street and Eastern Avenue to Federal Street was constructed by the city at a cost of $2,404,078, and is one hundred feet in width. It was at one of the wharves, whose site this avenue now traverses, where the famous " Boston Tea Party " took place. SECTIONAL DIVISIONS OF THE CITY. The term " JNorth End " is applied to fhat section of the city lying towards Charlestown, between the BostoTi and Maine Station and Faneuil Mall. This was the first settled part of the town, and is historic ground ; once the Iiom-e of Boston's aristocracy, now the abode of thousands of the humbler classes. In this 'quarter may be found Salem Street — ^the "Bowery" of Boston ; old Christ Church, fronting on Salem Street, and associated with the outbreak of the Revoihitionary 'War, in whose steeple t!he signal lanterns of Paul Revere were displayed which warned the countiy of the march of the British troops to Lexington and Concord. Here, too, is the oldest chime of bells in America. Near by the church is the ancient burial-ground of •BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 27 Copp's Hill, laid out in 1660. In late years the whole of the North End has undergone great transformations. New churches have arisen, streets have been straightened and widened, and large warehouses, hotels and factories have come up like magic. Haymarket Square, once a pond with a bridge over it, is now one of the busiest centers in the city. Washington Street was opened up from Dock Square to Haymarket Square in 1873-74, at a cost of $1,500,000. . The name of the " South End " is given to that part of the city lying to the south of Dover Street and extending to Roxbury Street. All this area is largely made land, and the newer portion towards the West joins the new West End, or Back Bay District. For many years the .South End contained the principal shops, the finest hotels and the Common. What is now known as the South End was then the Neck Field. At a later date the present Win- ter Street formed the down-town boundary. Then the boundary was extended to Boylston Street, and next to Dover Street, which is now recognized as the line between the Central portion of the city and the South End. The work of creating the area comprised within the modern "Winthrop Square. South End was begun about the year 1853, by widening the Neck. This was done by reclaim- ing :he flats on either side of it. When in 1856 the street railway system was introduced, ithe South End at once became the favorite residence portion. Scattered all through the South End are many large public and private buildings, noted church edifices, extensive manufactories and the finest apartment houses in the city. The leading streets and avenues stretching from north to south extend for miles, and are lined with richly-equipped marts of trade, and attractive res- idences, sanctuaries, hospitals, halls and educational institutions. The region between the North End and South End, ,the Common and the Harbor, is the " Business District," .where the chief whoksale ,and retail shops are grpiipfid, with the leading hotels, theaters and 28 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. Prominent among the latter are the new Court House, on Pemberton Square ; the new Exchange Building, on State Street ; the famous Parker House on School Street, which, before its costly enlargement, Dickens called the best hotel in America; the great Music Hall, seating 2600 people; the new Globe Building, the City Post Office, the Adams House, the Quincy House, the Equitable Building, the Mason Building, Faneuil Hall and the historic Old South Church. Besides these should be named the New Old South Church, one of the finest church edifices in the country; as well as numerous theaters and business blocks that are imposing and notice- able. A peculiarity of Boston architecture is the richness and variety of the building material. The most popular is red brick, but there is an abundance of light, dark and red granite; a fine grade of marble and several varieties of sandstone. With the increase of popular travel, the influence of foreign models has become more strongly felt in a great variety of styles. Northern and Southern Gothic, Romanesque and Renaissance are the styles of many public and business blocks; while Gothic has remained the favorite for churches. There are some two hundred and twenty churches in the city, and many of their pastors have won fame both at home and abroad. MANUFACTURES. There are now over four thousand manufacturing establishments in Boston, including over one hundred devoted to the boot and shoe industry ; over one hundred to the manufacture of leather ; thirty-seven manufactories of musical instruments, one hundred and fifty furniture manu- factories, two hundred and sixty metal factories, one hundred and twenty-five machinery estab- lishments, etc., etc. Boston also has the heaviest pork-packer east of Chicago, with over two hundred other establishments engaged in turning out food preparations ; while another conspicu- ous industry is the manufacture of clothing, in which there are over three hundred houses engaged. The inception of some of the most essential comforts of life can be traced back to Boston invention, while the examination of ' the industries of this "city for the first quarter of the present century shows the wonders of Yankee pluck and enterprise. It was here that gas, steam and water fittings as a separate industry were first inaugurated. The manufacture of locomotives was first begun in South Boston in 1846. It was in this city that the system of steam-heating was first introduced ; while the manufacture of stationary and marine engines early made Boston famous. The first successful sewing-machine was made here, and that immense industry first gained headway in Boston. In the production of pianos and organs she leads the world, while from Boston radiate the colossal interests that govern the great shoe trade of the country. The New England Shoe and Leather Association is to-day one of the leading trade organizations of the country and is widely recognized for the advanced and hon- orable position it occupies. COMMERCE AND TRADE. Next to London, the Boston wool market is the most important in the world, New York and Philadelphia having taken second and third places after Boston, their principal houses having their headquarters here. In fact, the whole wool trade is fast concentrating here from all parts of the country. Of the foreign wool brought into the United States by far the largest portion is imported at Boston. An immense amount of capital is invested in the Boston wool business, and the merchants engaged therein represent many millions, including names that have been prominent in the political history and literature of the country. As a shipping-port, Boston has been enabled to successfully compete with the great water- routes terminating at New York City by the reduction of rates by railway companies and the securing of cotton from the South for light freights for the steamship lines, which latter was accomplished by offering low rates of freight and thus diverting cotton from New York. Another iinportant improvement is the system of through-billing from interior points to Europe. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 39 These through bills given to shippers in the South and West are negotiable at the banks. The foreign commerce of the city in recent years has come to be fed by other railroad trunk lines and through the Hoosac Tunnel; and Boston now holds direct communication with the Summer St., from "Washington St., looking East. great trunk lines of the country, possessing, through her recent improvemements, the best terminal facilities of any port on the coast. Boston at the present day occupies the proud position of the second port in the Union. 30 BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. A PEEP AT THE CITY. While those who are to " the manner born " may seldom give more than a passing thought to- the distinctions which mark the various localities or divisions of this cosmopolitan metropolis, whether used as trading or residental centers, the newly arrived immigrant is deeply impressed by them, and the more so as ocular demonstration totally ' dispels the preconceived notion that in the freest country in the world the rich dwell among the poor and that both rich and poor occupy the same level, recognizing no social distinctions of race and color, and acknowledging only one platform, the common brotherhood of man. He soon discovers, though, that the idea is merely Utopian, and that such earthly bliss no more exists here than in the land from whose persecutions arid poverty he has escaped, but that here likes and dislikes divide races into separate commu- nities or petty nationalities, and that even different branches of trade seek separate and distinct localities in which to conduct business. Boston is eminently a cosmopolitan city and its population includes the people of every clime, color and tongue. The various classes of foreigners have their special districts where their special clan resides. The Jews, for instance, are residents and tradesmen of Salem Street, while to their credit be it said they contribute less than a hundredth part of the criininal classes of the city. Seldom is a Hebrew relieved at the expense of the city. They have nearly a dozen synagogues, as well as many smaller shrines and a. score of societies of charit)'. North Street is noted as the habitat of the sons and daughters of sunny Italy. Here large numbers of them may be seen, still wearing their picturesque native costumes and speaking no language but their own. We should be charged with irony were we to say that the lower classes, who are chiefly occupied as organ grinders, rag pickers, fruit venders and laborers, were remarkable for their love of soap and water. The higher classes of Italians, however, are numbered among our best citizens and embrace professors of languages, music teachers and authors. The Irish are numerous all over the city, and the Germans prevail to a great degree m the extreme South End. The emigrant from the " Vaterland " occupies a proud position in the wealth and commerce of the city, being foremost in the music world, as piano and organ iwartu- facturers, orchestra leaders and instrumental teachers, and ■ are also prominent as caterers to the public taste ' in many of our best restaurants and largest summer gardens. The Chinese are located all over the city, and find remunerative employment in attending to the "washee, washee " of the "Melican man." These almond-eyed Celestials are an interesting study, especially on a Sunday, arrayed in all the magnificence of Chinese raiment, and their " pigtails " in full display. On a Sunday night " John " is in his element, and, as in all his leisure iiours, he either gives atten- tion to his peculiar mode of worship, plays his mysterious games of chance, or smokes his pipe of opium until he passes into dreamland. In whatever he engages in, he is diligent, shrewd and enterprising, and in this respect he sets an example to many who claim to be his superiors in civilization and intelligence. He has what Christians call "strange gods" in his joss-house, but, heathen as he is, he and his race figure less seldom in the police courts than some others who profess to be imbued with the spirit of "true religion." No one is likely to accuse "John" of being handsome, but he has, nevertheless, come to be looked upon as a prize in the market matrimonial, especially by the "ladies" of the lower class of Irish and Italians, and occasionally he may be heard of as having been captured by a flaxen-haired German lassie or a Yankee girl determined to wed. Al all events, "John" makes a useful "maid of all wQrk," and is bandy in washing, sewing, cooking and rocking the cradle, and is peaceful as long as his pigtail is not seized upon from behind ; when it is he suddenly waxes wroth and is in no degree fastidious whether it is a flat-iron or a brick that he throws. The children of Africa may be found scattered over all parts of the city, filling all kinds of occupations, being especially in demand as waiters in our best hotels and cafds, and pre-eminent as barbers. In some minds there is an inseparable relationship between a negro and a razor, and a belief is abroad that the " gentle- man of color" so loves gore that On the slightest pretext he will pull out a razor ' from some part of his attire and proceed to carve every one within his reach. Though it frequently hap- BOSTON; ITS FIMAMCE, OQMMEECE AND LITERATURE. 31 pens, when a negro is mixed up in a row, that a razor causes mischief, the negroes, as a class, are industrious and peaceable citizens, good natured and contented. THE "BACK BAY" is the stronghold of the wealth and social pride of Boston. In this district, running from Arling- ton Street (the western border of the Public Garden), and parallel with Beacon Street, are Com- monwealth Avenue, Newburj', Marlborough and Boylston Streets, with Huntington Avenue branching off the latter at its junction with Clarendon Street ; while parallel with Arlington Street are Berkeley, Clarendon, Dartmouth, Exeter, Fairfield, Gloucester and Hereford Streets, West Chester Park, etc. Probably there is no city neighborhood in this country wherein are more exquisite collections of those trifles of art and taste which bespeak a higher order of civilization and thor- ough cultivation than is to be found in this section — the Belgravia of the " Hub," the center of its fashion and splendor, the home of its merchant princes. It is at its best on a pleasant Sunday at the time when churches are out ; or on a bright afternoon, when long lines of car- riages are seen rumbling along its broad, asphalt pavements. Commonwealth Avenue, especially, presents an unbroken array of ' splendid dwellings and noble churches, with here and there a hotel, and many of the structures in this long line of costly domiciles possess marked beauty of architectural design and are built in massive blocks, chiefly of brown stone. To describe in detail the many objects of interest to be seen on this avenue would require more space than we have at command. It may be appropriately remarked in this connection that an inquisitive visitor should, on taking a stroll through the Back Bay, be accompanied by a herald, a mercantile register, an elite directory, and a wise old club man with his stores of personal and family gossip. Volumes might be written of its broad thoroughfares, its architectural splend&r, its palatial mansions, its magnificent hotels and its creation from OUT OF THE SEA into one of the most charming spots in which to dwell. It was in 1849 (hat the State appointed' a commission to deaf with the subject of creating new land here. By continuous contracts the work extended over twenty years. The city has for years been engaged in filling up swamps, leveling lands, constructing avenues, driveways and parks, and ornamenting the whole of this region, which, for beauty and residential' magnificence> has no counterpart in either the New or Old World. Take the map of the city as it exists to-day, ,and strike a line through Charles, Bo3'lston and Essex Streets, running crookedly through from Charles River on the west to Fort Point Chan- nel, dividing the city proper from South Boston. All the area represented below this line up to the foot of the Highlands is " created " lands save where Washington Street runs, and this: thor- oughfare is over the Neck, which was itself frequently lapped by the waters of the ocean. All th& land lying to the south of the Boston and Providence Railroad, including Columbus Avenue, is now territorially identified with the "South End." The "Back Bay" includes all the "made land" on the West side of the railroad. COMMONWEALTH AVENUE is, in realit)', two streets in one, having a fine park in the center, containing rows of ornamental trees, neatly kept paths, benches and several statues. The width of the thoroughfare from house to house is 250 feet, and from curb to curb, r75 feet. It extends through the new Back Bay Park to Brookline Avenue and contains such notable structures as the Hotel Vendome, the mas- sive stone edifice of the First Baptist Church, and the residences of ex-Governoii Ames, Charles. Francis Adams, Fred L. Ames, Eugene V. R, Thayer, Nathaniel Thayer, Mrs. William Powell 32 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. Mason, Alexander Cochran and others noted for their imposing proportions and modern, artistic or striking architecture, as well as for the amount of investment which they represent. Other ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERISTICS of the Back Bay are the palatial homes of Beacon Street, beyond West Chester Park, the numerous first-class apartment houses and the great number of famous institutions of learning centered here. On Boylston Street is the handsome building of the Young Men's Christian Association, the far- famed Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Trinity Church (of which Bishop Phillips Brooks was so long pastor), the Natural History Society Building and the Second Congregational Unitarian Church, of which Ralph Waldo Emerson was once pastor. Near this church is the well-known Chauncy School ; opposite to it, with entrance on St. James Avenue, is the Museum of Fine Arts, and beyond, on the corner of Boylston and Exeter Streets is the Harvard Medical School. Near by, on the corner of Exeter and Newbury Streets, is the Prince School building, the only public school in the district. The other corners of Exeter and Newbury Streets are occupied by the South Congregational Church (Unitarian), the First Spiritual Temple — a costly, curious edifice — and the Massachusetts Normal School. Farther on, on the corner of Boylston and Hereford Streets, is a handsome new Romanesque building, occupied by the Back Bay police and fire departments. On Dartmouth Street, nearly opposite Trinity Church, the immense new Public Library Building stands, an ornament to the neighborhood and a credit to the city. On Exeter Street and St. James Avenue stands the Athletic Association building, the finest edifice, of its kind in the world, erected in 1888 at a cost of $300,000. The New Old South — one of the costliest and most imposing church structures in the city — stands on Dartmouth Street, side of Copley Square, on the corner of Boylston Street. The society worshiping here formerly occupied the historic Old South, at Washington and Milk Streets. Near the New Old South, on Dartmouth Street is the hand- some new building of the Art Club. On Newbury Street is noticeable the. Emmanuel Church, (Protestant Episcopal), which has a very rich interior, and a short distance away, at the corner of Berkeley Street, is the handsome Central' Church (Congregational Trinitarian), which possesses the tallest spire in the city, the height being 236 feet.. On Berkeley Street is the Notre Dame Academy, and at the corner, of Boylston and, ,4i'li"gtQn Streets is the widely known Arlington (Unitarian) Church, of which Reverend Brooke Hereford is the popular . pastor. Huntington Ave- nue has on its broad expanse the famous exhibition building of the Charitable Mechanic Associa- tion, covering an area of 96,000 square feet and erected in iSSr. A short distance from it is the Children's Hospital, a useful and well, conducted institution. WASHINGTON STREET has always been the main artery of the city. lis name was given to it as an honor to Gen- eral Washington on the occasion of his visit here in 1789. Originally it consisted of a series of streets from doWn-town to the Roxbury line, known as Cornhill, Marlborough, Newbury, Orange and Washington ; and it was not until 1824 that the old names were' dropped, and the entire thoroughfare known as now. Until 1873, the down-town end of Washington Street was at Cornhill and Dock Square, but in that year the street was extended through to Haymarket Square, from which point it now stretches through the city and the Roxbury district to the Dedham boundary. On account of its centrality and directness it is touched by nearly every moving inhabitant of the city in his daily walks. The country visitor, coming from whichever direction, feels secure when he reaches Washington Street, and while he keeps to it he cannot go far astray, no matter what his destination is. It is not only a channel of commercial traf- fic, but a favorite promenade of the idler and pleasure-seeker, and though the acquaintances of a man may be few, a walk up and down Washington Street is sure to bring him in contact with some one he knows. This " backbone" of the metropolis is never lacking in texts for the satirist, the moralist, the humorist, and the preacher, for life on this bustling thoroughfare is BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 33 pretty nearly everything ; the agglomeration embracing the heaviest farce, the broadest tragedy, the most delicate comedy, and exhibiting human nature in its most pathetic, caustic, sad, and frolic- some moods. There is no ambition, passion or creed which may not be studied along this far-famed street, where are grouped together, as it were, personages that are by nature — in color, tastes, language, sentiments and temperament — widely apart, and effect a grand ensem- ble of vividly dramatic contrasts. At all hours, from early morn until after sunset, this car- riage-way is crowded with vehicles of every conceivable kind, and the footwalks are occupied with a constantly moving mass of humanity, the like of which neither the capitals of England or State St., from Old State House, looking Sast. France can present. There is a cheeriness, impetuosity, vehemence and brilliancy in a Boston crowd one cioes not meet elsewhere. It has a sparkle even in places where business is para- mount: its tread is springy, buoyant and almost rhythmic, as it follows the din and rattle of locomotion. Nervous people and those from rural homes find the noise and friction painfully bewildering ; but the active citizen, trained in bustle and excitement, and whose nerves are in good condition, finds stimulation in the rattle and roar. This crowd of elbowing and pushing humanity is not a distinctly fashionable one, though well-dressed people preponderate ; the hardy sons of toil and work-girls appear in the stream alongside the threadbare adventurer and the impecunious devotee of the gutter. The crowd, made up of most dissimilar elements of nationality and condition, represents the very opposite points of human life — from those who are troubled because they have so much wealth to care for, to those who are perplexed because they have none to care for ; from the sad to (he gay ; from the weakly cripple to the giant. 34 BOSTON ; ITS PIMANCEv COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. strong in limb and lung; and from the most ignorant and depraved to the most intelligent and refined. Such a crowd affords abundant stud}- for reflective minds in every branch of ethnology. SIGHTS AND SCENES. The variety of architecture to be met with along this street is extraordinary. Every material has been used in every style — brick, iron, glass, marble, granite, brownstone, yellow-stone, wood and stucco. Never was there such heterogeneous architecture as is here displayed, where the Gothic and the Greek, the Renaissance and Romanesque are crowded side by side, but all in a manner harmonized by the distortions which the city architects of our country are compelled to devise that they may secure the three prime essentials of light, air and space. The modern structures are fine, imposing buildings, containing many stories. In the building of tliese iron is largely used, and long colonnaded facades, simulating marble or brownstone, are composed of iron castings, riveted together. Here and there are to be found small, modest dwellings of an early period, with old-fashioned dormer windows projecting from the upper stories, and modern plate-glass windows inserted in the lower story; but these grow fewer in number year by year, and more stately buildings supplant them. Sign-boards hang out in pro- fusion, and flag-staffs rise from nearly every building. On a gala day, when all the patriotic bunting is unfurled, the view is more brilliant than ever. The great hotels on this thorough- fare rival in luxury, comfort and elegance the most noted hostelries of London or Paris ; the banks and insurance buildings of marble, granite and iron are representative of the ancient and modern architecture of Europe, as well as of the "pure and unadulterated " American architecture, and the magnificent shops and warehouses have their fronts relieved by wide expanses of glass. All these follow each other in bewildering succession, many so high as to tire the neck of the pedestrian who is interestedi in inspecting their facades from eaves to floor. On the corner of Essex Street is noted a tablet, on the front of a building, with a representation of a spreading tree, indicating the spot where stood the "Liberty Tree " under which the "Sons of Liberty" were organized in 1765: which shows that we aie on historic grounds. At the corner of Milk Street stands the famous Old South Church, that relic of the revolu- tionary times, erected in 1669, rebuilt in 1729, and on the site of which was the house in which the immortal Governor Winthrop lived and died. The church is now used for the exlii- bition of historic relics, for lectures, etc. Nearly opposite, on the corner of School Street, is the " Old Corner Book Store," another of Boston's oldest landmarks, surrounded by pleasant historic associations. Its site was once occu- pied by a dwelling in which Ann Hutchinson held her famous seances; and the present build- ing was erected in 1712. Dr. Samuel Clarke, father of the late Rev. James Freeman Clarke, was born here. Here were wont to gather men conspicuous in literature — Lowell, Longfellow, Holmes, Whittier, Emerson and Hawthorne, among ^others of wide fame in the world of letters — for the interchange of good fellowship and art. Within a stone's throw stands the new Boston Tavern, one of the popular institutions of the " Hub," on the site where formerly stood the Old Province House,, of whose quaintness Hawthorne wrote so charmingly. It was built in 1679, and became the vice-regal residence of Sir William Howe and a long line of British governors. On Milk, near the corner of Washington, is the Post Building, occupying the site of the house where Benjamin Franklin first saw the light. A few doors north of Boylston, on Washington Street, is the theater district, where are located the Boston, the Globe, the Park and the Bijou Theaters, and which neighborhood pre- sents a very brilliant appearance at evening or just after matinees. In this immediate vicinity are the great retail dry-goods houses of the city, with their acres BOSTOM'; ITS' FINAM:!E, C0WMEEOE AlSfB LITERATURE. 35 of floor space and their magnificent show-windows ; the side\valleni have in a like degree been very much enhanced, and Boston is now in a position to handle much of the western shipping trade in a more satisfactory manner than at any time previous in her history. Better adapted than New York for foreign trade, Boston is gaining not only the trade that was lost by the decline of the American shipping interests, but a considerable portion of the increase that, the country's rapid growth in population has given to New York. It may be a partial pen that indites the sentence, but it seems that viewed from any standpoint, PROGRESS is the handwriting on the walls of-Boston. THE RAILWAY SYSTEM as it exists to-day is one of her foundations of strength, as it is one of her powers. She is not only the starting point of eight extensive railway lines having important connections with every section of the country, but it is the headquarters of many great railroad corporations existing in the northwest and southwest and other distant parts ; while many of Boston's capi- talists have large investments and control railroads in different sections of the United States, the British Provinces, Mexico and South Ameiica. THE BOSTON AND LOWELL was the first line of railway formed in Massachusetts, being chartered in 1830. It is now part of a system connecting with the leading railroads of New Hampshire, Vermont and Canada, and forming a continuous line to Montreal and other parts of Canada and the West. It con- trols a terminus at tide water on the Mystic River, where there are piers, wharves, elevators and all facilities for steam vessels. THE BOSTON AND PROVIDENCE was the second line of railway opened in Boston, and is one of the best equipped railroads in the country. Its charter was granted in 1831, and the road was opened for traffic in 1835. The route proper from Boston to Providence is forty-four miles, and the branches and leased lines are twenty-three and one-half miles in length. This road is an important part of the " all-rail " shore line to New York, while the 6.30 p. m. express train carries a large number of passengers nightly to Stonington, where they board the famous Stonington line of Sound steamers to New York. The Boston depot on Park Square, stands on historic ground. It was from this point that the British soldiers embarked for their raid on Lexington and Concord. The depot, built at a cost of $800,000 is one of the finest buildings in the Back Bay district, and is 800 feet long, with a large illuminated clock in its lofty and finely proportioned tower, which can be seen at a great distance. THE OLD COLONY RAILROAD was chartered in 1844, to build and operate a railroad from Boston to Plymouth, and the road was opened for traffic the following year. Since then the company has absorbed the Old Colony and Fall River, the Fall River and Newport, the Cape Cod, the South Shore, the Dux- bury and Cohasset, the Middleboro and Taunton, the Dorchester and Milton, the Boston, Clin- ton and Fitchburg, and the New Bedford, Framingham and Lowell roads. The present main line is two hundred and forty-nine miles in length, and with its various branches the company controls and operates in all four hundred and seventy-five miles of railroad .and two hundred and twenty-five miles of steamboat routes, making a grand total of seven hundred miles of land 44 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. and water routes. One terminus of the main line is at Provincetown, the farthest seaward point of Cape Cod. Another terminus of the line is Fall River, between which place and New York the famous Fall River line of steamboats are run. Thus the Old Colon)' line of railways and the Fall River line of steamboats form the great route between Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Lowell, Fitchburg, Portland and Bangor, Me., St. John, N. B., Halifax, N. S., the White Mountains, Mount Desert and all the mountain, seashore and island resorts of New England and the Provinces. THE NEW YORK AND NEW ENGLAND Railroad Company was organized in 1873, as the successor of the old Boston, Hartford and Erie railroad, which had been an amalgamation of various roads, the oldest being the New York and Hartford Railway Company, incorporated in 1845. The New York and New Eng- land also came into control of the Norwich and Worcester Railroad, extending from Worcester to Allyn's Point, and also of a fine line of steamers running from Norwich, AUyn's Point and New London to New York. The following lines are now operated by this company, viz : Boston to Fishkill, N. Y., 225 miles ; Providence to Williraantic, Conn., 59 miles ; Newton to Woonsocket, R. I., 28 miles ; Worcester to Norwich, Conn., 66 miles ; East Hartford, Conn., to Springfield, 29 miles ; branches to Providence and Southbridge, Mass., 61 miles ; New London and Allyn's Point to New York, Norwich and New York Trans. Company's steamers, 125 miles, making a total of 596 miles. Too much space would be required to describe the docks, large freight houses, the grain elevator and other buildings owned by the company in this city. It is sufficient to say that the largest steamers and ships can lie at the wharves and discharge their freight at once into the cars to carry it onward to its destination. By means of a transfer steamer plying between Harlem River and Jersey City sleeping cars are run through from Boston to Philadelphia and Washington daily, and thus a large amount of Western busi- ness is done over this road. THE BOSTON AND FITCHBURG operates a line to the Hoosac Tunnel, and has a lease of the Vermont and Massachusetts^ extending from Fitchburg to Greenfield, and the Troy and Greenfield line, from Greenfield to North Adams. The main line of the Boston and Fitchburg, extending from Boston to Fitch- burg is 49.60 miles in length and that of the Vermont and Massachusetts, practically a contin- uous route to Greenfield, is 56 miles. The road operates in all 227.32 miles. THE BOSTON AND MAINE is a power in the railway traffic of New England, and extends its influence to the remotest parts of the West. The main line from Boston to Portland is 115 miles long, and in sum- mer this line does an immense business in carrying passengers to the White Mountain resorts by its connections at Winnepesaukee and Portland ; while the company have lately acquired control of the Passumpsic R. R. which gives them an outlet to the West. The Boston and Maine also operate the Eastern Railroad running from Boston to Portland, and from Conway Junction to North Conway, N. H., and connecting there with the Portland and Ogdensburg. It has a close alliance with the Maine Central, and thus substantially controls all the traffic to the east of Portland with the Maritime Provinces. Passing along the north shore the main line and branches touch the principal summer resorts of that region. The Gloucester branch from Beverly, through Beverly Farms, Manchester-by-the-sea, Magnolia and Rockport is a busy route in the summer. THE BOSTON AND ALBANY is noted as forming one continuous road to the Hudson River, a desideratum long wished for BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATUEE. 45 by Bostonians. The length of the main line, all double-tracked, is 201.65 miles, and the total length of road owned, leased and worked by the company is 323.66 miles. The company also own and operate the Grand Junction road and its extensive wharves at East Boston. This line is connected with the company's main line, and thus a deep water connection is secured. The company also own and operate a large grain elevator at East Boston, having a capacity of one million bushels, and another at the corner of Chandler and Berkeley Streets in this city which has a capacity of about half a million bushels. The "Washington St., from Dock Square, looking ITortli. BOSTON, REVERE BEACH AND LYNN Railroad Company's works consist of a ferry, starting from the depot on Atlantic Avenue at the foot of High Street and running across to East Boston, and of a line of railroad thence along the crest of Revere Beach to Lynn. The road is a three feet gauge, and trains are run half- hourly. The Boston, Winthrop and Shore Road connects with the main line at Winthrop Junc- tion, and runs thence to the watering places of Ocean Spray and Winthrop. FINANCIAL FACILITIES are afforded by upwards of sixty national banks, thirteen savings banks and various trust companies and other banking institutions, that, for extent of business transacted, stability and character of man- agement, take rank among the foremost in the country ; while their flourishing condition places them and their officers far beyond the requirements of any praise which these pages could bestow. Among the oldest are the Massachusetts National, established 1784; the National Union, established 1792; the 46 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. Old Boston National, established 1803 ; State National, 1811; New England National, 1813 ; Tremont National, 1814; Suffolk National, 1818; National City, 1822; National Eagle, 1822; Columbian National, 1822 ; Globe National, 1824 ; Bunker Hill National, 1825 ; Atlantic National, 1828; Merchants' National, 1831. THE HOTELS OF BOSTON next claim attention as being among the most important of the city's public institutions, inas- much as they determine the pulse of public activity. It goes without saying that the hotel sys- tem of Boston is the finest in the world, while her hostelries have no superior, either for archi- tectural splendor or appointments, in the universe. THE QUINCY HOUSE is probably the largest hotel in the city, having five hundred rooms to offer its guests, and is con- ducted on a scale of great liberality and excellence, both on the American and European plans. THE PARKER HOUSE is one of the most notable inns of the city, from the fact that it is a pojjular headquarters for the leading statesmen of America, as THE HOTEL VENDOME is the destiny of all the distinguished foreign visitors to Boston. Then there is Young's, one of the largest and best patronized of the European plan hotels ; the Tremont, where Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, the Prince of Wales, Charles Dickens and other notables have sojourned ; and such really first-class hotels as the Adams, the American, the Brunswick, the Revere, the Hotel Florence and the United States. The total of Boston's hotels, which may really be called worthy of mention is about fifty. THE CHURCHES of Boston are part and parcel of the city's grandest, wealthiest, best, most influential and most magnificent of all her mighty institutions. Their congregations are extensive and generous ; her ministers are learned and eloquent, and her choirs are among the finest and most noted in America. There are about two hundred and twenty-five churches in this city, of which forty are Congregational Trinitarian, twenty-five are Congregational Unitarian, thirty are Roman Catholic, twenty-seven are Baptist, thirty are Methodist Episcopal, twenty-five are Episcopal, eleven are Union and eleven are Universalist. THE FIRST CHURCH (Congregational Unitarian), located on Marlborough and Berkeley Streets, is the direct descendant of the first church established in Boston. The church was first formed in Charlestown, and the members of it, on coming to Boston, built the first meeting house on State Street, near where the Brazer Building stands. The church was afterwards removed to Washington Street, near the head of State Street, then to Chauncy Place and finally to its present location. No city in the country, save New York, has so many grand THEATERS as Boston. The number of first-class houses is ten, including the Boston Theatre, Boston BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 47 Museum, Globe Theater, Park Theater, HolHs Street Theatre, Bijou Theater, Columbia Theater Tremont Theater, Grand Opera House and the Howard Athenaeum ; while PUBLIC HALLS are numerous, embracing such extensive and popular resorts as Tremont Temple, Music Hall, Faneuil Hall, Odd Fellows Hall, Grand Army Hall, Parker Memorial Hall, Turnhalle, Armory Hall and Horticultural Hall. Neither residents in nor visitors to Boston need let time hang heavily on their hands. Every section of the city has its theaters, its gardens, concert and lecture halls and other places of amusements. The plays presented at the theaters are the best productions of European and American playwrights, and prices of admission are moderate. Many of the theaters make a fine architectural display ; each has a history of success peculiarly its own; and upon the boards of these houses pf entertainment the greatest actors and actresses of the past and present, from Charlotte Cushinan to Maude Banks, from the elder Booth to Richard Mansfield, have delighted thousands by their faithful portrayals of the different phases of human life. Many NOTABLE GATHERINGS have been held in Tremont Temple and the other large halls of the city, which have served to give them a national interest and iinportance. In 1890 the Twenty-fourth National ENCAMPMENT OF THE G. A. R. was held in this city, which brought together the veterans of the War for the Union from all parts of the country, and which was the greatest encampment week that the Grand Army of the Republic had known within the quarter of a century since the close of the Civil War. The streets of Boston witnessed during the parade a spectacle which, in its merging of martial honors with civic recognition, had not been conceived in the old world and was never surpassed as a pageant in the new, even as compared with the days when the triumphant, though war-spent armies of the Potomac, the Cumberland, Ohio and Tennessee, amid tumultuous acclaim, assein- bled for grand review in Washington. Here were present more than two hundred thousand cit- izens, attracted by the pomp and panoply of war enlisted in the service of peace ; and in the parading bodies were represented forty-three States and territories, connecting every section of the land from Maine to_ Oregon. For some six hours the grand procession passed through the leading avenues of Boston, while the insignia of patriotism and the popular enthusiasm that envi- roned them bespoke the tributes of all classes of people. The encampment was graced by the presence of President Harrison, Vice-President Morton, Secretaries Proctor, Noble and Rusk of the Cabinet, and the proceedings throughout the week were of the greatest interest. The most noted social event was the reception of the Mayor's Club of Massachusetts at Young's Hotel, ■where an elaborate banquet was enjoyed, and speeches were made by President Harrison, Gen. Daniel E. Sickles, Gen. Benjamin F. Butler, Congressman Boutelle of Maine, Hon. Warner Miller, Gen. Lucius Fairchild, Gen. Charles Devens, and others; while a big camp-fire was held at Mechanics Hall where the speakers included Gen. W. T. Sherman, Gen. Russell A. Alger, Gov. J. Q. A. Brackett, Mayor Hart of Boston, President Harrison and Vice-President Morton. AS A MUSICAL CENTER, Boston ranks first and foremost among the cities of the Union. She has long been the home of the best musicians and most noted musical organizations of the country. It was here that the Mendelssohn Quintette Club was organized, and for a quarter of a century were unequaled as an orchestral combination. Here the Temple Quartette became noted as the best male quartette extant. Here the Ruggles Street Quartette are still singing at the Ruggles Street Bap- 48 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. tist Church, with occasional visits to different parts of the country, where their splendid voices and perfect training are universally appreciated by musical critics. Here are still held the finest symphony concerts in the land, and new troups are constantly forming and rare vocalists and instrumentalists are developing their powers under the tuition of Boston's far-famed instructors. Boston is also the seat of the New England Conservatory of Music, one of the largest and most useful educational institutions in the country; while in the manufacture of PIANOS AND ORGANS this city permanently maintains the lead. The piano industry was established in Boston in 1823 by Mr. Jonas Chickering, the founder of the present great house of Chickering & Sons. To him is due the honor and credit of first producing the piano as it is generally made to-day, his improvements being known as "the American system" among piano manufacturers abroad. The Chickering factory, on Tremont Street, in this cit)', affords employment to over four hun- dred hands. Above the warerooms of the firm on Tremont Street is Chickering Hall,- so justly popular for the holding of concerts, musicales, etc. The firm of Mason & Hamlin have been equally renowned in the manufacture of reed organs, and Boston has been the real basis of their operations, although their factory is located across the river in Cambridgeport. The organ industry was established in 1854, by Messrs. Henry Mason and Emmons Hamlin, who made the Mason & Hamlin organ widely celebrated. The Mason & Hamlin Organ and Piano Company has since succeeded to the control, and pianos as well as organs are now a part of the product. They also have extensive warerooms on Tremont Street. This city is the seat of the industry conducted by the Hallett & Davis Com- pany, the Smith American Piano Company, the Emerson Piano Company, the Ivers & Pond Piano Co., Vose & Sons, Geo. M. Guild & Co., S. G. Chickering & Co., J. C. Haynes & Co., and others no less noted in the musical instrument trade. Boston skill is also in demand for building church organs for prominent churches in the east, west and south. This industry is pros- ecuted under such favorable conditions, the material is so accessible, the advantages so many, that there is every reason to believe that it will not only continue to grow and develop, but that many other manufactories will be added to the rank and file. Boston offers, also GREAT ADVANTAGES FOR LABOR, cheap and comfortable homes in city and countr}', healthful air, many avenues of employment, and favorable conditions between the employer and the employee, besides many other benefits, all of which tend to promote the almost unlimited development of this magnificent array of industries so auspiciously founded. As is probably seen by the reader, there is no attempt in these pages to present in detail the thousand and one distinct products of Boston's factories. The effort is only made to show the progress of Boston, and through what sources she has grown to her present eminence and will reach still greater prominence; by the leading indus- tries to indicate the ramifications thereof, through which she is year after year acquiring new attractions as a continental store-house of manufacture, and a foremost commercial city as well. Her claim as a manufacturing center is justified by the facts, not only has nature been lavish in her gifts of material required, providing much of it on the spot, but the position of the city geographically, and the fact that the RICH TREASURIES OF SUPPLIES ' can be obtained as by magic and in unlimited quantities, from any part of the world through the abundant transportation facilities she possesses, gives additional confirmation to her claim. Situated in a productive agricultural region, and furnishing a home market for the produce of the surrounding country, a larger demand for the products of her industries exists at her very BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 49 door than could be the case in a sparsely-settled sterile region, while her transportation facili- ties naturally supply speedy and profitable outlet for surplus production. Having on Massachu- setts soil, and in close proximity, inexhaustible ore beds, endless quantities of coal and quarries of marble, granite and other kinds of building stone, as well as clay, producing the finest bricks anywhere manufactured — the cheerful appearance of the city itself being largely attributed to the quality of home-manufactured brick used, the clay being of the most pleasing color, and when taken from the kilns being neither a dull nor a glaring red, while the Quincy and Cape Ann granite, Vermont marble and granite, which are extensively used in building churches, hotels, public buildings and more ornate residences, all contribute to the general effect ; having all these home supplies of material with her agricultural supplies of grain and vegetables, her magnificent fisheries and other fields of production, — is there any hesitation in yielding that nature certainly vindicates the claim of Boston as a great manufacturing center, while her citizens have as positively accepted the challenge of the situation, and proved in action what the conditions suggest in theory. BOSTON'S BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES as a great center of supply and distribution cannot be excelled in many respects by any city in the United States. The mere statement of her advantages for trade, commerce and manu- factures, together with her superior conditions as a municipality, prove the argument. Boston has a history ; she has developed strength through struggle and disaster ; her experience in itself is one form of capital ; while she has a broad and enduring reputation upon which to rear a truly magnificent superstructure. The vicissitudes of the past, while conducing to the strength of "overcoming" have naturally developed conservatism of spirit to some extent, but the progressive tendency of the age has not sought in vain for a suitable base of operations in this favored city. Even slender facilities and poor opportunities, when backed by the might of incessant, indefatigable push, have been known to acquire an almost omnipotent power. "Eternal vigilance" is the price of all permanent success in the midst of contending forces. The careful consideration of the policy of railroad lines connecting with the great trunk lines and the city, as well as of agreements or pools entered into with trunk lines reaching other markets, is a method of defensive warfare and of obtaining freedom from trammeling and injuri- ous agreements. But the situation admits of aggressive as well as defensive measures. The householder finds constant and endless repairs and improvements to make, and the castle of the Commonwealth illustrates the same law on a larger and more exalted scale. What might not be achieved with the magnificent facilities, materials an'd opportunities that Boston possesses, were they backed by the genuis and superhuman force which is often seen to be developed by great convictions .'' It is true the outlook is promising. There is an increasingly improved and healthy condition in commercial and monetary affairs. The financial condition of the city is admi- able.- The prospect is for still more profitable business in the various departments of activity. The SPIRIT OF THE PRESENT AGE is to look forward and not backward, and the tendency is a good one. While New York is overcrowded, and the area left for more inhabitants and workshops is very limited, Boston has ground room ad libitum for the expansion of its chest and the stretching of its limbs, and the splendid possibilities of the enormous resources and facilities at its command have not yet been put to anything like an actual test. Whatever may have been the case at one time, it should not now be content with merely keeping its own. The sun of its own prosperity is ready to sweep higher above the horizon than ever before. A spirit of local pride and independence should become more universally diffused among its people, and a more aggressive temper should mold and direct their business operations. Good schools are necessary for the storing and training of the mind, and churches for the refreshment of the soul ; handsome dwellings, suggestive of 50 BOSTON: ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. wealth and cointorc, are a delight ; lovely parks are a permanent joy ; and the art that deco- rates and beautifies our cemeteries robs death of half its sling. But these and what they predi- cate and represent do not constitute a live American city in harmony with the genius of the coming Twentieth Century. In this new age Commerce is a king that never abdicates, whose scepter dominates all lands and seas, and whose zeal for empire brooks no half-service or divided allegiance. GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION and manufacturing advantages are necessarily so homogeneous in the progress as well as in the birth of a great manufacturing community that in the subject matter of this volume these requisites to the growth of such a population are combined in their exposition as they naturally are in their power. Fiom whatever standpoint regarded, whether of trade, manufactures, com- merce, sanitary influences, or the purely artistic and beautiful, the location of the city of Boston is as superior as it is unique. In outgrowing its early boundary lines, the city has extended back frond its water front over terraced slopes and picturesque eminences until its beautiful homes, luxuriant foliage, cultivated grounds and brnnd avenues of the newer sections combine Mount Auburn Cemetery with imposing public buildings, exquisite views and generous parks, to form a most pleasing pic- ture. To the abundance of these the city by its location to disport itself in almost any direc- tion may be attributed the freedom from intrusive tenement houses and the attractive sight of neat pleasing " homes," occupied by the great army of workers who find employment in the city's varied avenues of industry. For many reasons to which location conduces, Boston has been for many years one of BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 51 THE MOST HEALTHFUL OF CITIES. The tables of mortality treating upon this subject are conclusive of the superiority of this com- munity in that regard; and, without doubt, the health possessed by this population weighs heavily in the summing up of the advantages of this location as a manufacturing point. Not only to the workman is the health of himself and of his family of importance, but to the manufacturer as well. The loss of income by three or four weeks' sickness of a workman, or by the increased demands upon his earnings from frequent illness in his family, is seriously felt in the consequent deprivation of comforts which the money lost from lost time, and necessarily expended in druggist's and doctor's bills, would purchase. The lessening of such misfortunes is an object in the selection of his place of toil. To the manufacturer, whose profits often depend upon the skilled and unbroken labor of a set of hands, the loss from the forced substitution of green hands for competent hands, or the ragged running of machinery from the forced deple- tion of his working force by illness, is also, especially if occurring when his order books are full, a great injury, not only to his profits, but to the smooth working of his business. To the employer, therefore, as well as the employee, is the healthfulness of a location a subject of careful consideration. The cheapness with which workmen can live is another point in manu- facturing advantages. In this respect Boston compares favorably with other cities ; a majority of the articles of food are low in price, and articles of clothing as cheap as in any of the cities of the Union. There is plenty of room in and about Boston for the establishment of manufactories, and to the capitalist desirous of investing money, the mechanic of employing his skill, and the merchant of exerting ability, a closer and personal examination into the sub- jects briefly treated of in this volume will undoubtedly prove advantageous, while. AS A PLACE OF RESIDENCE Boston and its environs stand unexcelled. If beauty of situation, the benefits of rare business opportunity, all that is wise in conservatism united with all that is noble in the grand progres- sive movement of the present age ; if surroundings elevating in influence, institutions helpful in an honorable struggle with the vicissitudes of practical life; if health, wealth, and happiness are attractions in a place of residence, then Boston must win like a mother or command like a queen. The great problem of how and where to live never agitated so many minds as novy. The pressure of a high civilization, the requirements of life under conditions of tense strain, the increasing impraciicability with rich and poor alike of making both ends meet in what seems inevitable responsibilities and importunate demand, all combine to render the question a vital one. Many perplex themselves awhile, and then give up the conundrum. The capable workman drifts into swarming tenement-houses. The well-to-do , organizers of business interests drop into boarding-houses and hotels. The wealthy emigrate to Europe on indefinite tours and errands to escape the annoyances of unfaithful servants and the care of large establishments. Young men take a practical view of the situation and omit to marry. Young women take advantage of the situation and educate themselves for teachers, doctors, lawyers, etc, and very sensibly make royal and hospitable homes for themselves, welcoming whom and. when they choose. But the little children of native-born American citizens become fewer and fewer, and children of the immigrant and the hireling outnumber 'the home-born sons and daughters of the Republic. In considering how and where to live there are growing indications that the native citizen is, in his bewilderment, more and more ceasing to "live" at all in the sense of domesticity, but is just perching like an uncertain bird between trips "on the wing," or losing individuality in tenement-herds, and hotel hives, and pleasure haunts. Growing more slowly and clinging more to traditions, "without haste, without rest," Boston furnishes 52 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. TRUE CONDinONS FOR REAL LIFE more hopeful and rounded standards of life for " all classes and conditions of men " than almost any othe community. The resident of Boston, be he workman with hands or brain, may have his own home made attainable by the large industries which are glad to exchange just coin for fair service, and by low rents, with room for the garden and leave to own his own spot of ground, while the cheapness of the overflowing home market, spilling itself in surplus, into all the world relieves him from an existence of mere animal slavery to the common needs of life. Thus the manufacturer and capitalist seeking a home in Boston finds his interests and the safety and well- being of society resting upon a sound basis of well-conditioned labor. It is sometimes charged that there is more aristocracy and the boast of " blue blood " in Boston than in other cities. It may be true in a certain social sense that " the rank " is there, " the guinea's stamp" to certain kinds of recognition, but the only aristocracy is the " aristocracy of education," and in no city under the blue sky could it be more truthfully and emphatically affirmed " a man's a man for a' that." The absolute rectitude, which is the truest charity, and which, if practiced, would render half the so-called charities unnecessar}', has noticeably been shown by Boston corporations toward their large armies of employees, and mutual esteem and conditions of true individual development and manliness are the outcome of such relations as are maintained between the so-called different classes in this city. The superior system of public schools which Boston has long fostered with especial solicitude, the inestimable benefits of the religious privileges afforded by the many churches, where each may find his most congenial church-home, the advantages of free libraries, art galleries, and the most charming social circles in the United States — all these advantages in a setting of healthful climate and sanitary local influences, together with the oft-quoted business opportunities of the city, make,' as it were, a medley of substantial attractions as a residence suited to the varied requirements of the multitudinous types of men and women in whose lives and business schemes and aspirations there is ever an undertone of " Home, Sweet Home." EAST BOSTON is to-day one of the most populous sections in the city ; where the well-to-do people of indus- trial callings principally have homes. It is, in truth, a district of homes, and has not within its limits a modern apartment house, though there are many blocks where two or more tenements for family housekeeping exist. It has abundant school and church accommodations, and a popula- lation of over forty thousand. The building improvements in recent years have been marked, particularly on Chelsea, Maverick, Paris and Havre Streets, where unsightly vacant lots have been brought up to the street grade and fine tenement houses erected thereon. The Atlantic Works here give employment to three hundred men. The New England Cooperage Company employs here one hundred men. The machine works of the Boston Tow Boat Company is one of the most extensive of recent improvements, covering several acres ; while great improvements have been made by the East Boston Company, who own about one hundred and ten thousand square feet of ground, which was from twenty-five to thirty feet above grade, and about thirty-six acres of high marsh land, and who have carted the material from the high lands on to the marsh prop- erty, bringing the street and cellar grades up to the city standard. This is one of the choicest locations in East Boston, being on the harbor front and near the city park, where many of the best houses recently built are located. ROXBURY DISTRICT has of late years become a favorite residential quarter, and experienced a large growth in popu- lation. It comprises four wards of the city, and these wards contain more than one-sixth of the polls of the city of Boston. Its great advance in population is due in the first place to high lands, abounding in the finest sites for residences, and being so situated that Boston seems naturally to merge into it, and to form a part of the city itself in reality, while still retaining many rural features. Another important fact is that there are several parallel BOSTON ; ITS FINAJSICE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 53 lines of horse-railways penetrating every section of the district, and these led to the more conven- ient localities being seized upon for dwellings and to the building of apartment houses in great numbers. Land has greatly appreciated in value, and there is but little left in the limits of old Roxbury to build on. In the section known as Elm Hill, many palatial residences ha\>e been erected, varying in cost from $12,000 to $60,000, representing all styles of architecture, and many of them being surrounded with trees, shrubbery, flower gardens and grassy lawns, which add greatly to the beauty and attractiveness of the streets and avenues as excellent driveways. Walnut Avenue, Humboldt Avenue and Elm Hill Avenue all lead up to Franklin Park, a feature of Roxbury. This park is of vast extent, and, as no residential buildings can be put upon it, the rush of settlement in that direction has been stopped to some extent, and the operations here now consist of filling up the gaps, which will result in a few years in a compactly built dis- trict. On the north-west side of the Roxbury district is Parker Hill, a splendid location, over- looking the city, which is in the line of future occupation THE DORCHESTER DISTRICT is delightfully situated on Dorchester Bay, an arm of Boston Harbor, and in a very healthy, attractive and picturesque region. It is one of the most interesting of the outlying districts of the cit}', and a popular place for suburban residence. Dorchester has its quaint old town hall, its ancient meet- ing house and a magnificent soldiers' monument on Meeting House Hill ; at Upham's Corner the graves of several prominent public men of the Colonial and Provincial periods ; while Jones's Hill affords from its summit one of the finest and most extensive views in the neighborhood of Bos- ton. Northward is seen the old city and the famous Dorchester Heights. Westward is presented an amphitheatre of hills and villages. Southward is a wide and deep intervale, the famous Blue Hills of Milton showing up on the horizon. Looking eastward the eye embraces within the range of vision nearly all the islands of the harbor, with its shipping, and the ocean in the extreme distance. Farm lands are here being constantly cut up into streets, and building lots are rapidly taken by discriminating buyers. CHARLESTOWN DISTRICT is an old-fashioned place, once a distinct city by itself, and now comprises the Third, Fourth and Fifth wards of Boston. It is best known as the seat of the Charlestown Navy Yard and BUNKER HILL MONUMENT. This famous granite obelisk rises to a height of 221^^ feet. It has a base 30 feet square and the column tapers gradually to 15^ feet at the apex. Inside the shaft is a hollow cone, surrounding which is a spiral flight of two hundred and ninety-five stone steps, ascending to a chamber 11 feet square and 17 feet high, whence a beautiful view is obtained from the four win- dows. The capstone of the apex, above this observatory, is in one piece and weighs two and one-half tons. The room contains two small cannon, the inscriptions upon which tell their story. The corner stone was laid June 17, 1825, by General Lafayette, and it was dedicated June 17, 1843. The orator on both occasions was Daniel Webster. The monument cost over one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, and at the foot of it is a building containing a marble statue of General Warren and various memorials of the battle of Bunker Hill. THE NAVY YARD is located on what was once Moulton's Point, at the confluence of the Charles and Mystic Rivers and was founded in 1800. The yard and buildings cover an extensive area, and, as they are daily open to visitors, an inspection is to be commended. This district also contains a handsome Soldiers and Sailors Monument, the old state prison, a free dispensary and hospital, a public free library, schools and churches of all denominations and 54 BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. many fine mansions. On Main Street is Edes House, the birtliplace of S. F. B. Morse, the oldest house in the district. Here also is the oldest burying ground, where a granite monument marks the grave of John Harvard, founder of Harvard College. Charlestown has many mercantile estab- lishments and numerous industries, which are constantly being multiplied. THE BRIGHTON DISTRICT possesses a situation unsurpassed in the vicinity of Boston. The neighborhood is noted for high lands, possessing fine facilities for drainage and abounding in the finest locations for dwelling pur- poses to be found anywhere. A great feature of this district is Chestnut Hill Reservoir and the parkways about it. The construction of the reservoir was begun in 1865 and cost some $120,000 before it was finished. It is, in fact, a double reservoir, divided by a water-tight dam into two basins of irregular shape which have a capacity of 730,000,000 gallons, and a water surface of i23j^ acres. A magnificent driveway, varying from 60 to 80 feet in width, surrounds the entire work. This driveway is reached from Boston by the Brighton Road, which is a continuation of Beacon Street, and a noted trotting and driving course that, especially on pleasant afternoons, is crowded with gay equipages and presents a brilliant appearance. Brighton can also be reached by the Boston and Albany Railroad, and by horse and electric cars. Brighton has long been noted for its abattoirs, and people unacquainted with the place would imagine that fact to be a serious detriment to its advantage as a residence. Such, however, is not the case. The abattoirs are situated near the line of the Boston and Albany Railroad and, while thousands of cattle, sheep and pigs are slaughtered here weekly, so retired are the slaughter houses that the most refined inhabitant may abide here in happy ignorance of their presence. The District contains many beautiful mansions, the elevated lands afford charming views, and the streets are pleasant and well shaded. Within the last few years building operations have been active, land has increased in value, the population has multiplied, and it is predicted that the range of hills in this district running southwest from Corey Hill will be the "court end" of Boston. SOUTH BOSTON is widely renowned for its numerous and varied foundries, sugar refineries, breweries, and other noteworthy industries. These are mostly located along the water-front and afford employment to vast numbers of workmen. The most noted industry here is the South Boston Iron Works. These are the largest works of the kind in the country and the plant covers some seven acres. Here have been produced the largest cannon ever made in America. The street sj'stem of South Boston is very regular, which is more than can be said for the city proper, especially in its origi- nal parts. Broadway is the' principal thoroughfare, and runs through the center from Albany Street, in the city proper, to City Point, at the extreme end of South Boston. On this street are located many fine business blocks, splendid church edifices and handsome residences. City Point is one of the noted SUMMER RESORTS of Boston, and during the heated term it presents a lively appearance, visitors finding here all necessary facilities for pleasure and recreation. The Point commands magnificent harbor views and yachting sights innumerable, while it is one of the greatest rendezvous on the Eastern Massachusetts coast for seaside hotels and cafes, besides having the new Marine Park, with its long promenade pier extending nearly to Fort Independence in the harbor. Southerly, a fine view is obtained of Dorchester, the Blue Hills, and parts of Quincy. No city has more attractive and picturesque suburbs than Boston, and its most frequented summer resort is Nantasket Beach, which may justly be styled BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 55 BOSTON'S "PORCH BY THE SEA." There are many things that make thi.s threshold of the sea alluring. One is the pulse of the great city beating in a subdued way and felt especially when a train comes in. These human waves reach here robbed almost entirely of the city fever. They lap the verandas of ASTashlngton St. from Bedford St. to Adams House, looking South. the great hotels quite playfully, and eddy around the tables in gleeful currents of gingham and gossamer. The young man is seen to drop down at a table with her. He looks sidewise out to the great, deep blue horizon just flecked with white caps along its brim and flaming there with a sail that is touched by the last ray of sunlight. The sentiment formed by his lips 56 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. can be easily understood by the most casual observer. "After the hot bricks and glaring pavement, it seems as i£ Nature had placed a wet towel round her head, doesn't it ? " And she, charming girl, doesn't stop to think that her escort is in the linen department of a retail house; she is content to believe that he is a poet. And just that moment the band breaks out with the music of " Oberon." Of course . you know it is the real midsummer nights' music. How the reeds scream ! What a sharp scintillant stir there is to it ! How the damp air pulses to the throb of it ! How far it carries, in its clear, martial resonances ! Every- thing gives back a little echo. The very glasses on the table want to dance. This is the true heyday band. It seems to call a-field. And when, by and by, it takes up one of the ditties of the people — some ballad of the market-place that perches freely on every lip — it catches all ears and sets all feet in motion. When the lamps are lit, everybody attends the only exhibition of note, and that is pyrotechnics ; and although you risk a stiff neck looking up at the rockets, you can at least enjoy hearing the country cousins cry "Ah ! " every time a rocket explodes. THE RAPID TRANSIT QUESTION has been agitating the people of Boston for some time past, and a Rapid Transit Commission has been recently in session for the purpose of hearing the various schemes that have been brought forward for adoption. On the 20th of November, 1890, a special committee of the Citi- zens' Association, consisting of Messrs. Jonathan A. Lane, Jerome Jones, John C. Howe, H. Staples Potter and William H. Chipman, reported favorably to the Commission the tunneling scheme proposed by Mr. Henry Curtis Spalding, and recommended tunneling Tremont Street from Shawmut Avenue to Haymarket Square. The city should control the work and then own it. The tunnel should occupy all the space under the street, and be a commodious one. The streets would, of course, have to be widened at both ends of the tunnel. The committee declared that THE TUNNEL SYSTEM was far superior to an elevated railroad. It recommended that the tunnel, the tracks, the stairways and, in fact, all the appointments should be of the very best. Expense should not stand in the way. The cost, at this time, could not be estimated. It is a universally admitted fact that transportation in this city must be more rapid and convenient. The prospective increase in passengers, arising from the growth in population, must be taken into account and also the desirability of competition to a certain amount. If possi- ble, passengers should be carried to any destination at a single fare, and be required to change cars as infrequently as possible. If the disconnected railways hope to divide the traffic with the tramways, they must be connected in some way. An elevated road, it . is generally felt, would permanently deface the city, and much more than the three miles proposed by the West End Railway Company must be built. By THE SPALDING PLAN of swift and rapid transit, the minimum of cost seems to be combined with the greatest ef- ficiency and simplicity. A tunnel system, passing under the business districts of the city and the Charles River, connecting with all the railroad stations, is proposed by him, as solving the problem of rapid transit. It should be constructed so as to allow the regular coaches to pass through, and accommodate 50,000,000 passengers. Another tunnel should connect the lines at East Boston under the harbor with those of the Old Colony and New York and New England in South Boston. A union depot through which both tunnels should run would facilitate the interchange of passengers, and elevators might carry passengers to the surface from the under- ground stations. This plan would enable passengers to retain their seats until they' arrive at their ultimate destinations. People from Dedham could pass through the city to Somerville without change. From rapid transit it would not be possible, under the circumstances, to get BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. 57 Tremont St., looking Worth to Park St. a speed of more than ten miles an hour. The tramway lines must soon become a nuisance, unless the growth of the city is arrested. The only evident solution of this seems to be to allow the street cars to descend into tunnels where the traffic on the street is greatest and then ascend again. This plan is entirely independent of the steam railroad tunnels. For instance, the Washington Street tunnel would begin with an incline at Dover Street and end in Adams Square. These lateral subways connecting with these others would complete this system 58 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATURE. practically and allow the rails to be taken entirely from many of our most crowded streets. Rapid transit here could be established and cars in some of the longer subways run at the rate of twenty miles an hour. These plans are expensive and will require time for completion, but will the people be content with anything less perfect? The special committee believed that after tunneling Tremont Street, as recommended, and it had worked successfully, it would then be time to think of the rest of Mr. Spalding's plan. Col. Geo. B. Morton, a railway engi- neer of Baltimore, Md., who was present at the meeting, said he thought a tunnel system THE ONLY PRACTICAL PLAN for Boston, and was of the opinion that Mr. Spalding's plans were theoretically perfect. He then spoke of the tunnels being built in Baltimore and St. Louis, and stated that much lime as well as convenience was gained by them. All the railroad systems use them and pass through the tunnels, and the Baltimore tunnel greatly shortens the time between New York and Washington. The Baltimore tunnel cost $1,700,000 a mile, but quicksand had to be overcome, and the cost would be materially lessened if built to-day. Commendatory resolutions were also received from the Board of Aldermen of Maiden, recommending the adoption by the Rapid Transit Commission of a plan and method which shall contain the essential features of the plan and method pro- posed by Mr. Spalding. One of the items of municipal improvement in which Boston may well take pride is her WATER SUPPLY. The system for supplying the city with water is very elaborate, and her water works form an interesting feature of the town. There are two sources of supply for water, viz : the Cochituate Water Works and the Mystic Water Works. The whole line of the first mentioned works extends from Lake Cochituate — situate in the towns of Framingham, Natick and Wayland, about twenty miles from the city — and continues through a brick aqueduct, iron pipes and stone tunnel, 14^ miles, to a reservoir in Brookline of about twenty-three acres of water surface and 119,583,960 gallons capacity. The Brighton reservoir has a capacity of 730,000,000 gallons, and its water surface is 123^ acres. The Parker Hill reservoir will hold 7,200,000 gallons. The South Boston reservoir has a capacity of 7,508,246 gallons. The East Boston reservoir holds 5,591,816 gallons. Mystic Lake, the source of supply for the Mystic Water Works, is situated in the towns of Medford, Arlington and Winchester, 6J^ miles from Charlestown Square. It has an area of about two hundred acres, and a storage capacity of 380,000,000 gallons. The reservoir is on Walnut Hill, in Medford, near Tufts College, and has a capacity of 26,244,415 gallons. THE CITY GOVERNMENT. Boston was chartered in 1822, and the government comprises a Mayor, a board of twelve aldermen, and a common council consisting of severfity-three representatives of the twent3'-five wards. The election takes place annually on the Tuesday next after the second Monday in De- cember. The principal departments of the city are Assessors, Financial, Health, Registrars, Water, Fire and Police. The Assessors Department comprises nine assessors, thirty-seven first assistants, and the same number of second assistants. There is one each of the first and second assist- ant-assessors to each of the twenty-five wards, with the exception of the Sixth, Twelfth, Fourteenth, Twentieth, Twenty-first, and Twenty-second, which have two each, and the Eleventh, Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth, which have three each. The Financial Department comprises the city and county treasurer, city and county collector, deputy collectors, and city auditor. There is also a sinking fund commission, consisting of the Mayor, an Alderman, a councilman, two members-at-large, city treasurer and a secretary. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 59 THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT. An important department of the city is devoted to tlie city's healtli, which, like nearly all other divisions of Boston's government, is under the charge of three commissioners. The Board of Health, as they are more correctly termed, has the superintendence of all burial-grounds, except those under the control of trustees. The Quarantine Grounds comprise those portions of Boston Harbor lying between. Deer Island and Gallop's Island, the hospital for the department being located on the latter island. The department has very wisely provided numerous public bathing places on the water front of the city, which are open daily, Sundays included, from June ist to Sep- tember 30th. THE POLICE AND FIRE DEPARTMENTS. The Police Depart- ment is under the super- vision and control of three commissioners who have their office on Pemberton Square ; and there are six- teen police divisions in the city. To this depart- ment the public look for the preservation of peace and order, the arrest of law-breakers, the enforce- ment of the law against gambling dens, disorderly places, and the direct control of the police force as regards appointments, dismissals, discipline, etc. As regards her Fire Department, Boston is without a peer in the country. The department is thoroughly organized and equipped with all the superior facilities that modern science and skill have given to battle with the fiery element. Boston was the first city to put into practical use the magnetic fire alarm sys- tem. In 1851, $10,000 was appropriated to test the system, resulting in its successful operation the year following. The Department is managed by three commissioners, who are nominated by the Mayor, confirmed by the city council, and hold their office for three years. Subordinated to them are the chief engineer and ten assistant engineers. Oliver "Wendell Holmes. EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. It goes without saying that Boston has made large and ample provision for the education of her sons and daughters. Throughout the country this city enjoys a reputation for the superi- ority of its educational facilities second to no other. It is a recognized center of learning and iis public and private institutions devoted to this very important department of life have been con- ducted with constant care and attention and a generous and intelligent expenditure of money. Sufficiently progressive to adopt whatever is an improvement upon previous methods, sufficiently conservative liot to be swept away by every new fashion in education, the schools of Boston, from the lowest primary grade to the highest high-school grade, furnish a course of study that seeks and obtains the symmetrical and progressive development of a child. The most intelli- gent solicitude has from a very early date been shown by the city in her public schools. It is 60 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. believed in Boston that it is a serious mistake to conduct a system of public education on par- simonious principles, and the people are more willing to be liberally taxed for the support of schools and the education of their children than for any other department of the government. Of the inner working of these scholastic institutions it is needless to speak in detail. The same care, the same commensurate course of study, the same desire to do the best possible work, is in them all. Sufificiently abundant in number and convenient in position to avoid large numbers or long distances, they leave no reasonable excuse for auy one not enjoying their privileges. THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS are under the control and management of a school committee, elected by the popular vote, a superintendent and several supervisors ; sixty thousand scholars, according to the statement of Superintendent Seaver, attended the public schools every day during the past year. That means that a seventh part of Boston's population is daily in her schools. In no other city in the United States is there so large a proportion of the population in the schools. And no other city has so large a number of , pupils in the higher grade. Five per cent, of her population are in the high school. There are 73,000 children between five and fifteen years of age in Boston. Take 8,600 of those not in school, and we have 65,000 in the schools, public and private, of Boston. The ratio has been seven in the public schools to one in the private. Last year the figures show a slight change of striking interest. The ratio became six to one. This does not mean that there has been an actual decrease in the attendance in the public schools. It means that there is a current setting toward the private schools. There were also 5,000- registered in the evening schools last year, including the evening high school, having 2,500, and a dozen other schools of various grades. The Kindergarten system is also one which is doing more than any other one thing to counreract the evils of the slums ; and to the system of the truant officers much credit is also due for this desideratum. In this connection it is of interest to refer to tlie OLD SCHOOL BOYS' ASSOCIATION of Boston, which was organized in 1880, and held its last annual meeting, November 19 th, 1891 at Young's Hotel. There were some two hundred and fifty present, showing a very fine assemblage of gray heads, as only those who have been graduated from the public schools for fifty years are eligible for membership. The whole number of members at the time of this was three hundred and sixty-eight, while new names are being added every year. The address of the President of the association, Mr. Wm. H. Baldwin, was both wise, witty and entertaining. In closing he said: "The language of the now- immortal Webster, uttered by him seventy-one years ago next month, and which helped to fill our youthful hearts with a true loyalty to coun- try, to the church and to the public school — this, it seems to me, is fitting as my closing word : 'Advance then, ye future generations! We would hail you, as you rise in your long suc- cession, to fill the places which we now fill, and to taste the blessing of existence which we are passing, and soon shall have passed, our human duration. We bid you welcome to this pleasant land of the fathers. We bid you welcome to the healthful skies and the verdant fields of New England. We greet your accession to the great inheritance which we have enjoyed. We welcome you to the blessings of good government and religious liberty. We welcome you to the treasures of science and the delights of learning. ■ 'We welcome )'0U to the transcendent sweets of domestic life, to the happiness of kindred and pareiits and children. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ■ 61 We welcome you to the immeasurable blessings of national existence, tlie immortal hope of Christianity and the light of everlasting truth.' " The following officers were elected for the year to wit: President, Augustus Russ; Vice- President, Micah Dyer, Jr. ; Secretary and Treasurer, William C. Lawrence. Histoiian, Warren Richardson ; Directors; John F. Newton, Benjamin B. Converse, Curtis Guild, George O. Carpen- ter, Charles H. Allen, Henry B. Metcalf, Levi L. Willcutt, Thomas F. Temple and Bernard Jenny. Haymarket Square, looking Nortti. THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY is one of Boston's most famous educational institutions, whose graduates have made names for themselves' in all sections of our country, in civil and mechanical engineering, science and the arts. There are also a number of excellent private schools besides Chauncy Hall School, Har- vard Medical School, and others of national repute ; while Boston has a natural claim to Harvard College, Tufts College, Lasell Female Seminary and other colleges and academies, by reason of their proximity. THE PUBLIC LIBRARY is one of Boston's institutions most widely known throughout the country and most highly prized by Bostonians. It is a public library in fact as well as in name, the only restriction being 63 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. that the privilege of talcing books for home use is limited to the inhabitants of Boston above the age of sixteen years. The Library was instituted in 1852, and since 1858 it has occupied its own building, costing $365,000, on Boylston Street. An immense new building is now being erected for its use on Dartmouth Street, nearly opposite Trinity Church, which will be one of the "show-places" of Boston when completed. There are now over 400,000 volumes belonging to this Library. Among other libraries in the city is THE STATE LIBRARV, located in the State House, and containing over 50,000 volumes, es- tablished in 1826, it now comprises many valuable works, including United States, State and Territo- rial statute books, legal documents, and works on political economy, educa- tion, etc. As an important factor in the education of the people, THE NEWSPAPERS of the city have a wide in- fluence and a high repute- Every feature and phase of journalism is repre- sented in Boston, and every shade of political, social and business life, besides a concise sum- mary of the world's doings, while in the matter of enterprise, activity and ability the newspapers of Boston will compare favor- ably with those of any other city in the Union. It can be truly said that the press of Boston has rarely descended to the merely sensational jour- nalism of many other places ; characterized by thoroughness, brilliance and geniality, it has all ways preserved the dignity the public has a right to expect from the leaders and exponents of public opinion. The city has eight daily newspapers, which, taken in the order of seniority are ■William IJoyd G-arrison. THE ADVERTISER, which was established in 1812, by W. W. Clapp, father of Col. W. W. Clapp of this city. It is Republican in politics, and is now owned by a stock company, with Speaker Barrett as one of its editors. The Advertiser Building, a fine marble structure, is located at Nos. 246 and 248 Wash ington Street. THE BOSTON POST was founded by Colonel Charles G. Greene, and the first number was issued November 9, 1831. It directly succeeded the American Statesman, started in Febuary, 1821. It has long been a prominent Democratic sheet, changing hands several times, and at the present writing BOSTON; ITS FINANCE. COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 63 negotiations are in progress whicli are likely to transform its general character and change both its personnel and its politics. The office is on Milk Street, on the site of the birthplace of Benjamin Franklin. THE EVENING TRANSCRIPT was founded July 24, 1830, by Lynda M. Walter. It is now tlie property of a stock company, and is Independent Republican in politics, with offices on Washington, near the corner of Milk Street. THE DAILY TRAVELLER made its first appearance in April, 1845, the founders being Upton, Ladd & Co. It soon became the property of Col. Roland Worthington, late Collector of the Port, who was at its head for many years. It is a Republican paper, and is published on State Street. THE JOURNAL is the leading Republican paper of the city, and has been published some fifty years. It issues both morning and evening editions, which are sent throughout New England, and has lately been enlarged to eight pages. Stephen O'Meara succeeded Col. W. W. Clapp as man- aging editor during the past year. The office is at No. 264 Washington Street. THE BOSTON HERALD is the leading independent daily of Boston, and has exercised a great influence since its estab- lishment in 1846. For several years now it has supported the nominees of the Democratic parly in both national and state elections. It has a large circulation in city and country, and an immense advertising patronage. " THE BOSTON DAILY GLOBE was started March 4, 1872, by a company of gentlemen, prominent among whom was Maturin M. Ballou, its originator and first editor. In August, 1873, he was succeeded by Col. Charles H. Taylor, who has been editor and manager ever since, and at the present day the daily and Sunday issues of the Globe have a larger circulation than any other Boston newspaper. It was started as Independent, but in 1878 became Democratic in politics, and is the leading organ of the Democratic party in the state. The Globe Building, built expressly for its use in i888, is the largest and finest printing house in Boston, and is located at No. 242 Washington Street. THE EVENING RECORD is a lively penny paper, that has quickly won a large circulation. It was started in 1884, and is thoroughly fearless and independent in expressing its politic.il views. It is published at the office of the Advertiser. OTHER PUBLICATIONS. of note include the Journal of Commerce, Littell's Living Age, the Commercial Bulletin, the Commonwealth, Woman's Journal, Saturday Evening Gazette, Saturday Evening Express, the Sun- day Budget, the Sunday Courier, the Times, the Pilot, the Republic, Manufacturers' Gazette, American Architect and Building News, Youth's Companion, Wide Awake, Chautauqua Young Folks' Journal, Banner of Light, Babyland, etc.; while nearly all the dailies print weekly edi- tions. 6i BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. Proudly as she sits by the sea, majestic as she appears in her thrift and grandeur as the metropolis of New England, and pre-eminent though she may be as a great manufacturing and commercial center on the Atlantic seaboard, Boston is still best-known ^nd most widely hon- ored for her literary and scientific culture, her prominence in • this fiela' winning for her the title of "THE ATHENS OF AMERICA." In the literary history of America, Boston and Bostoniairs have ever played a conspicuous part. This city has been the home of the leading American authors of the past century, and here still reside many of the most popular litterateurs of the present day. Lowell, Longfellow, Em- erson and Hawthorne are gone from among that grand coterie of poets, es- sayists and novelists whose chief work was accom- plished in Boston, while HOLMES AND WHIT- TIER alone remain of the authors of that day and generation. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes is en- joying his declining days at his pleasant home on Beacon Street surrounded by family and friends, and honored and re- vered by his thousands of readers the world over. John Greenleaf Whittier resides at Amesbury, and recently passed his eighty- third birthday amid the congratulations of sincere well-wishers at home and abroad. Salph "Waldo Emerson. WILLIAM D. HOWELLS is Boston's leading literary light of the present day. He came to Boston from his native Stale of Ohio at the age of twenty-three. He had already written five poems which had been pub- lished in the "Atlantic Monthly," which had given him a passport to the literary tribunal that were prompt to recognize his power and predict his brilliant future. He was tendered a din- ner by James Russell Lowell,, who remarked at the time to Dr. Holmes and James T. Fields, the other two guests : " This is the laying on of hands ; it is our literary apostolic succession," Howells visited Hawthorne at the Wayside, who sent him to Emerson with the written words " I find him worthy." For the literary Boston of to-day there could be no more marked beginning than that of Mr. Howells appearance. That remarkable change in literature which has taken place in the last quarter of the century can be attributed to the work of Mr. Howells more than that of any other single author. He came here as a poet, but has made himself the leading novelist. Twenty years ago his keen literary instincts told him that prose- romance was the coming literature. He believed in the oracle, and has followed it success- fully. His later works have proved him to be a great man as well as a great author, for in them is a profound sympathy with humanity, revealing a genius versatile as well as sympathietic. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE 65 and an author with the soul of a poet, the heart of a philanthropist and the knowledge not only of the critical student of human nature but of the polished man of the world. The Bos- ton home of Mr. Ho wells is on that magnificent boulevard, Commonwealth Avenue, and the rooms are poetic in their appointments and decorations. Mr. Howells has regular habits of work, writing only in the morning, and giving the remainder of the day to friends, to reading and driving. For he not only composes, but loves to live ; and his charm of manner, his genial humor, his exquisite courtesy and delicate tact make him a most interesting conversa- tionalist and delightful friend. THOMAS BAILEY ALDRICH is often associated with Howells in the mind of the public, and their lines in life are seen to have intersected at various points. Mr. Aldrich's place in modern poetry is so unique that it is more widely appreciated than clearly defined. In June, 1890, Mr. Aldrich resigned his edi- torial connection with the "Atlantic Monthly" and returned to his first love, the Muses. Mr. Aldrich's house on Beacon Hill commands a most romantic view, while the large drawing rooms, up one flight, after the manner of the old-time mansions of Boston, are interesting in their relics of travel, in quaint carvings and old pictures ; and brilliant companies are wont to throng them on occasions of receptions, or the choice, select dinners for which the house is famous. Mr. Aldrich's place on the " Atlantic " was taken by another Bostonian, MR. HORACE E. SCUDDER, who had long contributed to that periodical a line of creative criticism which had become so characteristic a figure. He thus added another to the line of distinguished editors, beginning with James Russell Lowell, who have conducted that magazine. Mr. Scudder has won fame as an author of choice essays, one volume of which, entitled " Men and Letters," is of especial value. It was he who assisted Mrs. Taylor in the editorship of the life . and letters of her husband, Bayard Taylor; while he is one of the contributors to that monumental work, the Memorial History of Boston, and the author of a number of popular juveniles, including the Bodley books. The_ Scudder family dates back to the days of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, and traces its descent to Governor Winthrop. The genial, witty divine. Rev. Dr. EDWARD EVERETT HALE is not only a prominent figure but an important factor in the literary life and work of our day. Dr. Hale may be truly termed a cosmopolitan, and it is a suggestive fact that the author of "A Man Without a Country" is one who may almost be said to have all countries and all generations for his own, and his chief characteristic in his wide relatedness to life. His per- sonal influence has doubtless been as potent as that of any one individual in this, his native city. As a clergyman, author, journalist, lecturer, critic, and man of societ)', he meets and mingles with many circles more or less foreign to each other, and is a help to the many in all classes of society who seek the inspiration of his counsel and advice. Miss ■ LUCRETIA PEABODY HALE is a sister of Dr. Hale, who is said to have a larger following than any Boston woman since the days of Margaret Fuller. Her literary classes draw about her many young people, her literary work reaches a. still larger number, and her own friends and associates are practically infinite in variety. 66 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. MISS SUSAN HALE, another sister, is equally well known in the world of letters, and is a wit, par excellence, a delightful woman of society and a most extensive and accomplished traveler. A serene and benignant figure in Boston literary society is MATURIN M. BALLOU, eminent as an author, editor and publisher. His father was the Reverend Hosea Ballou, whose work left an indelible impress for good upon the age in which he lived. Mr. Ballou is Boston born and bred ; yet his life has been one of great variety, and to the literature of travel he has contributed extensively. Within the past ten years he has produced seven new Boylston St., cor. Arlington. books, inclusive too of the long journeys made for their material. He has visited Russia, Alaska, India, Australia and Mexico, and his work entitled " Aztec Land " gives fresh informa- tion of life in the land of the Montezumas. His versatile genius produces stories, sketches, poems and editorial papers, as well as the travel literature so well known, while he has also compiled several volumes of valuable and salient quotations. COL. T. W. HIGGINSON is another of those great men whose influence on Boston life cannot be weighed save in the philos- opher's scales. He is beloved both as a poet, novelist, essayist, soldier, lecturer and reformer. BOSTON: ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 67 His chivalrous spirit is seen in every deed, his artistic instinct holds every expression true to ideals of lilerary grace and refinement, and his life is full of benefactions to his fellow-men. MR. ROBERT GRANT is another of the interesting figures among Boston authors. He has had the typical career of the man who was born in Boston, graduated at Harvard, and has been the first of the Phi Beta Kappa before the Harvard chapter. As an undergraduate Mr. Grant showed the literary bent, and his work has shown a certain sympathy wiili social life, with bright flashes of wit and genial humor that make it delightful reading. Few services to the literature of art have been so ably rendered as the compilation of bio- graphical facts and criticism in the two large volumes entitled " Artists of the Nineteenth Cen- tury," by MRS. CLARA ERS KINE CLEMENT, now Mrs. E. F. Waters, and Mr. Lawrence Hutton. Mrs. Waters is a gracious and attractive presence in literary Bos- ton, and her literary work includes both biog- raphy and fiction, and she is the author of many im- portant art books. Her luxuriously appointed home is most hospitable in charming entertain- ments, and her dinners and receptions are among the most brilliant in the city. MRS. MARGARET DK- LAND is a Boston author whose novel entitled " John Wardj Preacher," brought her into wide notice. Since her marriage she has lived in this city and pursued her art with great energy. ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS claims Boston as her home, and her husband, Rev. Herbert D. Ward, is a well-known preacher here. They spend their summers at their Glouces- ter cottage, where Mrs. Ward has translated, as it were, sea and surf into music in her latest pro- duction, " Songs of a Silent World." Kt. Rev. Phillips Brooks, Bishop of Massachusetts. PROF. ANDREW PRESTON PEABODY, of Harvard, is one of the few belonging to this coterie of authors who has seen all the most vital progress of literary development in America, having been born in 1811. Doctor Charles Lowell, father of James Russell Lowell, Doctor Peabody knew well, and in his recent book called " Harvard Graduates That I Have Known," he includes a sketch of Doctor Lowell that must live in literary portraiture. MRS. JULIA WARD HOWE stands pre-eminent in Boston society as poet, wit and woman of genius, with a wide sphere of usefulness in letters and art, and as President of the New England Woman's Club, while her daughter, " Maud Howe" (Mrs. John Elliott), is a talented writer of fiction and a brilliant society leader. 68 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. MRS. SARAH ORNE JEWETT, a universal favorite in bolh social life and in the literary world ; EDWIN LASSETER BYNNER, an entertaining writer of historical novels, and a member of the St. Botolph Club, the Authors' Club of New York, and the Massachusetts Historical Society ; with Mr. Arlo Bates, the poet and novelist; Barrett Wendell, whose exquisite romance, "The Duchess Emilia," still remains unri- valed in its peculiar line of creation ; Miss Annie Whitney, the sculptor and poet ; James Jef- frey Roche, the poet and journalist ; Miss Katharine Eleanor Conway, a poet and journalist, who co-operated with Mrs. E. F. Waters in the preparation of their work called " Catholic Sym- bols " ; Louise Imogene Guiney, a charming story writer and a brilliant woman ; Oscar Fay Adams, the poet and story-teller ; Willis Boyd Allen, the talented young poet ; Thomas Sar- geant Perry, who is a genius of fiction ; Frederic J. Stimson, widely known as "J. S. of Dale," and distinguished at the bar as well as in the creation of romance ; John T. Wheelright, of whom Boyle O'Reilly, the great Irish poet and patriot, said, "there is absolutely no limit to his cleverness "; the Rev. Julius H. Ward, the author, critic and newspaper writer ; Mr. W. F. Whitcher, an historic and critical writer of marked ability ; Mr. Huntington Smith, the noted critic and French translator ; Mr. William A. Hovey, the author of that fine and subtle " Causerie,' ' and an editor of wide experience, are among the active forces in present literary progress. The home of MRS. JAMES T. FIELDS, on Charles Street, is a very nucleus of literary interest. Here has been entertained almost every noted visitor to Boston for the past thirty years or more. To this house came Thackeray, Dickens, Matthew Arnold and many others from abroad. It was a veritable rendez- vous for the Boston authors of the golden age, when its popular host, the noted publisher, was alive, and his widow still offers a charming hospitality. Mrs. Fields lives the life of a scholar without being in any sense a recluse. Her mornings are sacred to study and thought, with the result as seen in her thorough literary work. The receptions given by MRS. LOUISE CHANDLER MOULTON are noted as bringing together literary and artistic people, foreign celebrities, the reigning wit or genius of the season, or the talent not yet recognized save by the exquisite sympathy and divination of the accomplished hostess. To large social experience in both American and Euro- pean cities, Mrs. Moulton adds the gifts of the poetess and the charms of a rare abode. Her latest volurne of poems, " In the Garden of Dreams," shows the artist's power in the highest sense of the term. About Mrs. Moulton's charming rooms are a score of signed photographs from Vedder, of his own pictures, with photographs, sketches or modeling from Coleman, Greenough, Ezekiel and Robert Barrett Browning, who has given her a collection of photographs of his "Dryope," from various points of view. Among rare editions, INIrs. Moulton has one seldom seen, Foe's " Raven " translated into French by Stephan Mallornie, and illustrated by Maruet, the leader of the French impressionists, the copy being the united gift of the translator and the painter, Many rare books are in her librar)', and autograph copies from contemporary authors by the dozen, and letters from Browning, George Eliot, Lord Tennyson, Jean Ingelow, Christine Rosetti, George Meredith, Rob- ert Louis Stevenson, and many other interesting people, forming a most fascinating collection. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 69 One of the charming features of literary Boston of the past, was the Sunday evenings at the home of the REV. EDWIN P. WHIPPLE, during the hfe-time of that gifted critic. There was something more like the salon than is often seen these latter days. The exquisite tact and fastidious taste of Mrs. Whipple, as well as the geniality of the host, drew a circle at once eclectic and exclusive — guests drawn together by the true law of spiritual gravitation. In the golden age of Boston, were gathered here Lowell and Longfellow, and Greene and Pierce and Emerson ; Doctor and Mrs. Howe ; the Alcotts, the Hawthornes, and Mr. and Mrs. Fields; Ole Bull and his graceful wife; Edwin Booth, Doctor Bartol, Dr. Holmes, James Freeman Clarke, and' in earlier days, Charles Sumner and Governor Andrew. went but little into society, his deeper interest in the cause for which he la- bored so incessantly, to- gether with an invalid wife, made a sacrifice of social enjoyments appear to him in the light of duty. THE BOSTON CLUBS are all more or less lit- erary centers — the Somer- set, the Union, St. Botolph, Papyrus, Tavern, Puritan, the Art Club, and the Paint and Clay. Besides these there is the Brown- ing Club, composed of both men and women, of which Colonel Higginson was long the President, his successor being Mr. Dana Estes, of Estes & Lauriat ; also, the Round Table Club, organized WENDELL PHILLIPS There was no house but that would have felt honored by his presence, but who was unanimously chosen its perpetual pies- ident, which meets once a month in the private drawing room of some one of its members. The Browning Society meets monthly . at the Hotel Brunswick. The Papyrus is a brilliant society of authors, artists, journalists and professional men, which meets regularly each month in private hotel parlors for a din- ner, with postprandial di- versions. John Boyle O'Reilly was one of its first Presidents, which have included William A. Hovey, Robert Grant and James Jeffrey Roche. There are other noted clubs which belong to the social, political and commercial world, and who gather to discuss, Hon. "Wm. E. Eussell, Governor of Massacliusetts. by Colonel Higginson over the bountiful boards of the Parker House, the live topics of the day, among them being the Boston Club, Commercial Club, Bird Club, Clover Club, Merchant's Club, Saturday Club, Beacon Club, Society Club, Agricultural Club, and others ; while the Massachusetts Club, New England Club, Norfolk Club, Middlesex Club, Essex Club, and Paint and Oil Trade Club meet regularly at Young's. Then there is the New Julia Ward Howe is President ; The Woman's Union Diaz ; a Saturday Morning Club of ladies devoted to New England Tariff Reform League. England Woman's Club, of which Mrs. presided over by Mrs. Abby Morton literary and social discussions ; and the BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. THE MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, on St. James Avenue, is one of the " show places " of the city of which she has every reason to be proud. With wise dis- crimination an advan- tageous site was selected for the building which, in itself, forms one of the chief attractions of this fashionable and aristo- cratic neighborhood. The exhibition of paintings and sculpture here made is one of the finest in the country, numbering the most popular works of foreign and American artists. Many of the paintings are superb, and the gallery is visited daily by hundreds of citizens and visitors to the city, who gaze with delight and rapture on the works of the old masters and those of the modern ticularization in these pages, but whose very existence among the cities of the world in the realm of art. Eon. Charles Sumner. school — the glories of Raphael, Titian, Van Dyke, Correggio, Rubens, Michael Angelo and Mur- rillo. This gallery is fully worthy of the utmost praise that could be be- stowed upon it, and con- tains many American works of great value. In the spascious halls de- voted to statuary are magnificent collections of casts of antique marbles, representing the best works of the Greek sculp- tors, besides many orig- inal examples of mod- ern sculpture, while the collection of bronzes and ceramics is very exten- sive and noteworthy. To this gallery must be added many other art collections, both public and private, and much too numerous for par- furnishes some idea of Boston's status BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. In its hospitals, dispensaries, asylums and benevolent associations, Boston has also abundant reason to rejoice. Intelligent benevolence and well-directed charity are characteristic of her inhabitants, which is well illustrated in the quick response when any request is made for funds to carry on the work. Its hospitals are among the grand institutions that enlist the wide sym- pathy of the public, pre-eininent among which is the Massachusetts General Hospital, whose splendid facilities embrace an entire square of substantial brick buildings, located on Harrison Avenue, between Springfield and Worcester Streets ; while near by are the Homoeopathic Hospital, and the Massachusetts Medical School. On Springfield Street, near Tremont, is the Home for Aged Men, a most popular and well-managed institution : and in South Boston is the School for Idiotic and Feeble Minded Children, at No. 723 East Eighth Street; the City Asylum for the Insane and the Suffolk House of Correction on First Street ; and Carney Hospital, a public in- stitution of great excellence, conducted by the Sisters of Charity, and extending its usefulness to both Catholics and Protestants, located on Old Harbor Street. Standing on a high elevation on the corner of Broadway and Emerson Street, and commanding charming views of land and water, is the building of the world-renowned charity, the Perkins Institution for the Blind, over which the late learned Dr. S. G. Howe, presided successfully for many years. On Huntington Avenue is located the Children's Hospital, a useful and well-conducted institution, and the Free Surgical BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 71 Hospital for Women. The latter institution was erected in 1886 by tlie Murdocl-c Liquid Food Company, who offer its accommodations free to invalid women, while a large number of nurses of experience are employed, invalids are treated by their own physicians when desired, and no pains are spared to make patients comfortable. Every bed in the hospital is free, and its facilities are promptly availed of by invalids from all paits of the country. In addition to the Tremont St., Worth from Hamilton Place. institutions ^named, there is hardly a church but has its charge of one sort or another. There are also scores of guilds, to say nothing of newsboys' homes, free lodging-houses, free soup- kitchens, etc., and it is a blessed thing to contemplate that no matter who the person is, he or she need not go without food or shelter in this great city, as either or both may be had for the asking, if application is made rightly and in the right spirit. THE POSTAL SYSTEM of Boston deserves special notice, particularly under the present efficient rule of Postmaster Thomas N. Hart. The system that is now in vogue is as perfect as brains and patience can make it. The only wonder is that the thousands of letters daily handled, all, or at least the majority of them, find their way to the person for whom they are intended. All praise is due to the BOSTOlSr; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATUEE. FAITHFUL LETTER CARRIERS who deliver our missives, and to them must be traced the backbone of the success of the present postal sys- tem. The head post office is aided by the various stations in the different sections and districts of the city where the mail is distributed and delivered according to certain established routes. There are, however, three vast opportunities for improvement in the mail system, one which London possesses, and two of which belong to Philadelphia. The first, as applied to London, consists of the use of a low sized cart with horse attached for the postmen's use in the suburban districts. Or even this might be done away with, provided the Philadel- phia plan was substituted, and that is the use of a series of wagons to convey the postmen from the head post oiBce and the stations tn their various starting points of distribution. The othei improvements, and a great time and labor-saving institu- tion it is, comprises the man- ner of depositing mail. In Philadelphia, the various points are designated at the letter-drops. Thus, all the letters for Boston are dropped, by the sender, into the box labeled " Boston " nnportant sections are inti- mated so that the post office clerks are relieved of nine- tenths of their burden by the courtesy of the public. In London, the postman deliv- ers the great bulk of par- cels — such commodities go by what is known as the " Parcles Post." It is owing to the fact that the postmen in Boston are not expected to do this line of work and also that deliveries are not frequent enough, that a great enterprise known as the " Messenger service " has grown into popular liking ; and, with all its drawbacks, this service is a welcome innovation. In Stockholm, Sweden, as is the case in But there is no plan, aside and so on ; the states and Hon. James Eussell Lowell, some of the American cities, the old soldiers serve as messengers, from the London Parcels Post, that equals the system in vogue in Boston, New York and Philadelphia. The lads, in conjunction with the local telegraph and telephone facilities, render the sending of dispatches and parcels a comparatively speedy mode of rapid transit. Boston is practically THE CRADLE OF TELEGRAPHY in America. Professor S. F. B. Morse, inventor of the great system, was born in Charlestown, and was the son of Rev. Dr. Morse, a well-known Massachusetts divine. The year of 1832 found Professor Morse in Havana, and on his voyage home he heard a Boston physician relat- ing some great discovery that had been made in electricity. " If those statements are true," replied Professor Morse, " and such discoveries have really been made, then I can send a message by lightning around the world." He needed funds, and Jacob Little, at that time the great bear of Wall Street, gave him $100 to help him along in his experiments, although Mr. Little, like the majority of other persons, had no faith in the result. At length, Mr. Butter- field, of the Express Company, was found to be a firm believer in the future possibilities of Professor Morse's tests. He came to his aid. Finally the Government became interested, and agreed to build a test line froki Washington to Baltimore, with the understanding that, if a message could be sent and received back again, money would be forthcoming. The world knows the result. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE. COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 73 PROFESSOR MORSE, who had made the lightning talk, was held up as an idol, the worthy successor of that other Bostonian, Benj. Franklin, and his name to-da}' is graven upon the highest point of the tablet reserved for great men. Three lines of telegraph wires followed upon the heels of Pro- fessor Morse's successful experiments. The most prosperous was the American, which has outlived all competitors and to-day is owned chiefly by one of the wealthiest men in the world, the plant now being known as the Western Union Telegraph Company. Millions of capitalare employed ; thousands of offices are employed and sustained all over the United States, and these connect with the great cables and Canadian telegraph lines. It is a satisfaction to know that the per- sons who first scouted Professor Morse's idea, were among the foremost in their praise of his success, and his memory is honored not only in Boston but in all parts of the land, and a monument is erected to his memory in Central Park, New York. Boston has long been noted for HER PUBLIC MEN. Since the days of Webster and Everett and Sumner, her sons have continued to maintain the high standard set by those illustrious men in public and political life. Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes represents the golden age of literary Boston ; ex-Governor William Claflin and ex-Gov- ernor Alexander H. Rice worthily represent the successful business men who are the bulwarks of Boston's commercial greatness. The present Governor of the Commonwealth, Hon. Wm. E. Russell, is a type of the rising young men of the legal and political world. Boston's solid and substantial men embrace Hon. Thomas N. Hart, Ex-Mayor and present Postmaster of the city; Hon. Augustus P. Martin, ex-Mayor and head of the great boot and shoe house of- A. P. Martin & Co.; Hon. Nathan Matthews, Jr., the present- Mayor of the city, and a rising young lawyer; Hon. John F. Andrew, member of' Congress, and son of the late Governor Andrew; Hon. Leopold Morse, ex-member of Congress, and head of the great clothing house of Leopold Morse & Co. ; Maynard N. Cobb, head of the popular grocery house of Cobb, Bates & Yerxa, and one of the oldest grocers in the city; Col. Albert A. Pope, the moving spirit in the development of the bicycle industry in this country, and President of the Pope Manufacturing Co.; Franklin Haven, Jr., President Merchants National Bank; Hon. Jos. F. O'Neil, member of Congress; Henry A. Whitney, President West End Railway Company; Alderman Nathaniel J. Rust, ex-Governor Oliver Ames, ex-Governor William Gaston, ex-Mayor Frederick O. Prince, Charles Francis Adams, Nathaniel J. Bradlee, Thomas M. Beal, T. Jefferson Coolidge, Jr., Benja- min F. Dyer, John Shepard, John V. Fletcher, John Hopewell, Jr., John E. Toulmin, Oscar H. Sampson, Amory L. Lawrence, Fred L. Ames, Eustace C. Fitz, William A. Tower, Wm. Endi- cott, Jr., Jacob Edwards, among many others. FROM THE DOME OF THE CAPITOL we view the field here briefly sketched — and a magnificent sight is spread before us. The scene is one to be remembered for a lifetime. Here, brought within range of the eye, is the whole expanse of the city, covered with piles of brick, stone and mortar, relieved by "breathing spaces" designated by the rich foliaged trees, lifting their green branches above the housetops, and by the winding rivers and the broad expanse of the bay, on which are afloat craft of every kind. Up to this high elevation comes the din of rumbling vehicles over the troublesome cobblestones, the snorting of locomotives as they creep snake-like along the iron roads branching out here and there to some neighboring town or far-distant city, and the hum of trade and the clatter of feet of hundreds of thousands of busy, enterprising people, who have .the appearance of dwarfs on the streets, which cross each 74 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. other like the divding lines of a checker-board. From this vantage-ground one picks out, from the conglomeration of almost innumerable structures, edifices that are as the milestones in the history of both the city and the nation- — buildings that are familiar to the eye from whatever point they are seen, and the associa- tions of which have been told and retold to us thousands of times from childhood to old age. From our standpoint the eye has a full, clear sweep of every thorough- fare, and in these pages will be found beautiful views of the streets, giv- ing a fair idea of the character of the business houses that line them. Noticeably prominent is Washington Street, wind- ing its torturous way southward, while many of the commercial marts lo- cated upon it are noted not only for the richness and elegance of their architectural embellish- ments and designs, but also for their substantial aspect. This street is full of historic associa- tions endeared to all Bos- is perhaps the best example Eev. Geo. A. Grordon, Pastor New Old South Cliuroh.. tonians. It is the main artery of the city, the spinal column of the body corporate, and from it all the principal avenues of mercantile life branch out to all sections of the mu- nicipality. To the right is noted Boston's fashion- able promenade, Common- wealth Avenue, where dwell many of our weal- thiest citizens. Although Boston is a city of essen- tially business principles, and of severely utilitarian ideas, yet these, having been carried out to their logical errd, have resulted in placing it in the front rank of municipalities which have understood the intimate and necessar)' connection of business en- terprises with the most necessary expansion of beauty and sentiment. Of this the new park in the This, when completed, will become a source of never failing Back Bay Dis- trict pleasure ; delighting the eye of the lover of sylvan scenery ; gratifying every taste for the beau- tiful in nature ; giving almost unlimited scope to the genius of the best landscape gardeners of the world, and offering inestimable advantages of rest and refreshment to the weary toilers of the crowded city. That Boston continues to grow rapidly, there are evidence to be seen on every hand ; while there is no denying the fact that in all the features which distinguish a great metropolis, as connected with religion, morality, charity, benevolence, industry, trade, education, literature, science and art, Boston is behind no city of its size in the world, while, in many respects, exceeding them all. HER REPRESENTATION AT THE WORLD'S FAIR in 1893 will be eminently worthy of her best endeavors, Massachusetts has appropriated $75,000 to enable the industries and liberal arts of the state to be properly represented on that occa- sion. About one-half that sum will be used in erecting the Massachusetts Building; $10,000 will be devoted to the educational exhibit, and the balance will be used in paying the necessary expenses of the commission. Already a large number of applications for the space have been made by Boston manufacturers, and large space is certain to be taken up by the boot and shoe and textile industries. Massachusetts, ever in the van of the great intellectual BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 75 army, will also urge that a separate building be erected for the Liberal Arts, containing some 400,000 square feet of space on the ground floor, where an opportunity will be given to compare what the several States have done for the advancement of education. ^^' ■'^^^ ■ ^H !*■ ^^HH * , t^^0^- : '*^». m^' Wbi blu R'S^HB|iM|| itf ' '■* m ■ HM Comhill and Brattle Sts., from Dock Square. THE FUTURE OF BOSTON. We have said much in the foregoing pages of the past and present of Boston. What shall be said of its future ? It is pregnant with the problems whose solution will tax the master-minds of the next, if not of the present generation. The boundary-lines of the city have been repeatedly stretched so as to give more " elbow-room," while its population is ever multiplying, its manufactures are increasing, and its commerce extending. Already there is a demand for another slackening of the swaddling-bands of the city that its business quarter may have more room in which to develop into the greatest of city giants. Its growth thus far has been marvelous. While the population continues to increase, manufactures and commerce will go on expanding. Trade is persistent in its amplification, and is unceasingly fastening its grip upon the domain of aristocracy in street and avenue, and, as it does this, " exclusive 76 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. society" in Boston is periodically changing its habitat.^ There are some spots, however, that have, as yet, been inaccessible to the heavy wheels of commerce, to the enterprise of specu- lative builders, and to the odors of the common world. In the future, the city will make even more prodigious strides than in the past in the growth of population, manufacture and commerce, and provision for this growth must be made. It will continue to possess the distinction of being the unrivalled centre of art and literature, and the sea of solid finance, active commerce, abundant luxury and fashion. But as the city expands, increased traveling facilities 'must nec- essarily be provided. The subject of rapid transit, as has been noted in the foregoing pages, is agitating the public mind, and under-ground railways are within the probabilities of the future. Active minds and strong hands will grapple with the problems of the city's future, and among these problems are those directly concerning the travelling conveniences of the people. Industry affluence and enjoyment are evinced in every quarter. There seems no merchandise but what has its mark, no interest without its representation. A word should be added, in closing, regarding the importance of the city as a point of departure for the export trade in live-stock. If, however, any one feature is more deserving of super-added mention than another, the produce trade is entitled to that consideration, although, as on many other points, the difficulty of obtaining absolute statistics has been insurmountable. It needs no great business acumen to understand that there is no inducement for produce to go to a small market or a sluggish one, but that the natural flow of trade is to one of a reverse character. That Boston is not a small market nor a sluggish one, there are many facts to show. It is certain that a buyer or seller of cereals or other produce is influenced in his choice of a market by whether its ' transactions are of a peddling or commanding character. It is equally certain that there is no better point than Bos- ton for the holding of grain for the eastern and foreign markets. Rail and sea afford admirable facilities for the concentration of grain and other produce at this point. In its extensive eleva- tors and warehouses are stored the surplus millions' of bushels of grain, upon which the millers of Europe, as well as of the United States, can draw for their requirements. Its lines of railway reach to the farthest points, furnishing transportation at lowest rates of freight ; its waterways provide the facilities for through shipments to the seaboard and to Europe. As above hinted, too, the export of live-stock is a prominent and growing feature in the commercial activity of this port. It seems designed in the location of the city that Boston should be a center for con- trolling an enormous live-stock trade, being a central port on the Atlantic coast, with direct, cheap and easy communication to the great grazing lands of the west as well as of the east, and with ocean steamers coming direct to its secure harbor- — all facilities conspire to make it a great market in this commodity. Having thus briefly sketched the characteristics of Boston, as shown in its history, its geo- grapical position, natural resources, and commercial facilities by rail and water, we may sum up by epitomizing the line of progress and development as it stretches into the irnmediate future. This we do in order to show the great opportunities for the employment of capital and labor in this field. Prosperity is based upon the co-operation of very few and simple forces, such as abun- dance and cheapness of raw material and fuel, accessibility to business markets, enterprise in business methods, adequacy of labor, and commensurate technical and commercial skill. Of all these Boston possesses sufficient to establish the claim which places her among the most favored cities of the Union. o*s*x*o*N Its FINANCe, GOAAERGE, AND -LlTGRATaRe^ |HE WEEKS & POTTER CO., Importers, Exporters and Jobbers of Drugs, Cbemioals, Essential Oils, Druggists' Sundries, Etc., and Manufacturers of Fine Pharmaceutical Preparations, No. 360 Washington Street. — Boston may well be called the " Home of Pharmacy," not only on account of the many estab- lishments engaged tlierein, but also because of the superior qualifications of those who conduct the business. One of the oldest, largest and best known houses in this line is that of the Weeks & Potter Company, located at ISTo. 360 Washington Street. This company are extensive importers, exporters and jobbers of drugs, chemicals, essential oils, druggists' sundries, etc; and manufacturers of fine pharmaceutical preparations. The business was founded forty years ago, by Messrs. Andi-ew G. Weeks and Warren B. Potter, and was success- fully conducted by these gentlemen under the name and style of Weeks & Potter until the death of Mr. Potter in 1889; and on January 1, 1891, the present company was organized under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of §200,000, and with Andrew G. Weeks, president; Andrew G. Weeks, Jr., secretary and treasurer; Winthrop Smith, clerk; these gentlemen also constituting the Board of Directors. The business premises com- prise an entire five-story building, in which is a well equipped laboratory, spacious salesrooms and every modern facility for the business, while employment is given to some seventy-five skilled hands. This company manu- facture a complete line of the officinal preparations of the pharmacopoeia, and all unofficinal in popular use, and guarantee them of uniform and standard strength. Their non-patent list consists of fluid extracts, solid extracts, beef, iron and wine, syrup hydriodic acid, condensed fruit essences, fruit syrups and juices, medicinal syrups and wines, tinctures and decoctions, medicinal liquors, ointments, cerates, etc. etc.: including everything, in fact, that is demanded by the live retail druggist, and of such a character for quality and purity as to command the entire confidence of the trade. The management was long ago impressed with the belief that honest goods and reliable formulas, faithfully followed, soon obtain recognition and appreciation from a conscientious and discriminating profession. They recognize in the retail druggist himself their most serious competitor, and invite from them a close scrutiny of output and prices, being convinced that the verdict will be favorable to the methods and policy pursued, and being confident themselves that they can serve the trade with mutual profit and satisfac- tion. This company are among the most extensive importers of drugs in the country, and with their wide-spread and influential connections both at home and abroad they are in a position to offer the rarest inducements in terms and prices, and to guarantee the prompt and perfect fulfillment of all orders. Mr. Weelis, the president of the company, is a native of Maine, and with fifty years' and more experience in this business, is still in the prime of life; and, with his coadjutors in the management, is conducting an emporium that is prepared to battle on even terms with its most formidable competitors in any part of the world. re BOSTON • ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ATIONAL BANK OF THE COMMONWEALTH, Devonshire and Water Streets, opposite IT. S. Post Office. — One of tlie ablest and most conservatively managed financial institutions of Boston is the National Bank of the Commonwealth, whose banking-rooms are eligibly located at the corner of Devonshire and Water Streets, opposite the Post Office. Tliis bank was organized April 12, 1871, with a cash capital of .$500,000, its stock being promptly taken by leading business me]i. It has the accounts of banks, bankers, corporations and leading manufacturers and merchants in the city and out of town. It is a popular bank; its methods, though conservative, are such as to aid customers in all legitimate ways, and its thorough business system is highly appreciated. Its statement made October 1, 1890, showed a surplus and profits of $312,427.00; individual deposits, $2,689,009.72; bank deposits, $2,441,417,71. Its loans and discounts av^-age over $3,000,000.00, and much of the choicest commercial paper is discounted here, while collections are made on all points through its chain of correspondents, which include the First National Bank of New York; Fourth National Bank, U. S. National Bank, National Bank of the Republic, Park National, Broadway National, and Hanover National; the Corn Exchange and the Metropolitan National Bank of Chicago. Out-of-town banks and business men will find it to their advantage, if requiring Boston connections and accounts, to open the same here, where such perfect facilities are afforded. The prosperous condition and solid footing of this bank is shown in the following Comparative Statement of 1881 and 1891. Expense, .... 231.90 April 12, 1881. Dec. 2, 1891. $3,0.53,638.93 $4,384,524.71 15.00 9,734.98 $5,307,381.15 $7,678,284.51 Liabilities. Capital Stock, Surplus and Profits, Circulation, Deposits, Bills Payable, 500,000.00 46,228.35 198,000.00 4,363,152.80 200,000.00 500,000.00 391,352.89 45,000.00 6,741,931.62 |5.307,.381.15 $7,678,284.51 Assets. Loans and Discounts, Overdrafts, .... United States Bonds, . . 220,000.00 50,000.00 Premium Account, . . 1,5.50.00 Other Stocks and Bonds, . 61,760.00 7,150.00 Banking House, . . 306,000.00- 300,000.00 Other Eeal Estate, . . 24,662.44 Due from Banks, . . 1,115,718.88 1,649,851.80 United States Treasurer, . 9,900.00 8,274.23 Exchanges for Clearing House, 286,448.90 506,003.68 Cash, 252,132.54 738,067.67 They have paid Twenty-one Semi-Annual Dividends, amounting to 60 per cent, of their Capital and the entire Stockholders' Tax during the time. The officers and directors of the National Bank of the Commonwealth are as follows: President, A. L.Newman; vice-president, W. A. Tower; cashier, A. T. Collier; directors, William A. Tower, ot Tower, Giddings & Co., Bankers; John F. Harris, of .Joseph Harris & Sons, Shoe Manufacturers; Roland Worthington, Proprietor of the Boston Daily Evening Traveller; Oliver Ames, Ex-Governor of Massachusetts; Albert O. Smith, of Webster & Co., Leather Manufacturers; S. A. Denio, formerly of Denio & Roberts, Iron Manufacturers; Solomon Lincoln, Attorney-at-Law ; Harrison Gardner, of Smith, Hogg & Gardner, Commission Diy Goods; E. B. Pratt, of E. B. Pratt & Co., Leather Dealers; F. A. Foster of F. A. Foster & Co., Commission Dry Goods; A. L. Newman, president; A. T. Collier, cashier. This list comprises representative capitalists and business men, under whose guidance the bank is making rapid and substantial progress. The executive officers are gentlemen with whom it is ever a pleasure to do business. Prompt, obliging and efficient in all their dealings with the public, they are naturally popular, and maintain the credit of the bank in both financial, commercial and social life. President Newman possesses special qualifications as the head of a great banking institution,and both he and Vice-President Tower have held their respective positions since 1882. The cashier, Mr. Collier, was discount clerk from 1872 to 1879, when he was promoted to his present responsible post, and is an expert and talented financier, whose opinions are of weight in banking circles. fSf ^^ BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 79 PITZ BROS. & MORK, Manufaotui-ers of Men's and Boys' Clothing, Nos. 65, 67 and 69 Siimnier Street. — To say that the wholesale olothin.a; trade of this city constitutes an interest of surpassing importance, hardly conveys an adequate idea of the extent thereof. From comparatively limited proportions it has grovpn to vast magnitude within the life-time of a generation; and it is worthy of note also, that the improvement in the production has fully kept pace with the growth of the business. In truth, the high-grade clothing manufactured by some of Boston's representative firms is unexcelled by the custom garment produced by our leading fashionable tailors. And in this connection special compliment- ary notice is due Messrs. Spitz Bros. & Mork, manufacturers of men's and boys' clothing, whose capacious and well- equipped establishment is now located at the above address, and who turn out a distinctly and notably superior class of goods, maintaining a place in the fore-front rank in their line. The clothing of fashionable cut and stylish mate- rial made by this widely-known and enterprising firm is noted for general excellence, being maintained at a uni- formly high standai'd, and of the superiority thereof certainly no more unfailing criterion could be adduced than the extensive sale the same commands in the trade throughout the country, west as far as Colorado and south as far as Korth Carolina. It is, in a word, the ne plus ultra of ready-made male apparel— in design, style, cut, make, fit, finish, fabric and price. The specialty of the house is fine and medium grade clothing for men, boys and chil- dren, in handsome and durable fabrics, in newest coloring and in original and exclusive designs and latest style and pattern, modelled after the fashions of leading foreign and American custom tailors, and from which the most fastidious in dress can make selection. This flourishing business was established in 1865 by Prager & Bock. In 1871 Mr. Henry B. Spitz, became a partner and in 1883 the present firm was organized. They were formerly located at Nos. 50S Washington and 3 and 5 Bedford Streets, where they conducted a retail department in con- nection with the wholesale business, and on January 1st of the current year removed to the commodious building now occupied by them. These spacious premises have been entirely refitted and arranged, and are thoroughly equipped throughout to meet the requirements of the greatly enlarged and rapidly growing trade, which, since the date last indicated is of a wholesale character exclusively. The various departments are in charge of efficient heads, everything bespeaking order, energy and excellent management, and upward of seventy-five of a staff are employed in the establishment, including expert designers and cutters, while over one thousand outside hands are kept busy in manufacturing, with ten representatives on the road besides. The sample offices here for the exhibition of stock are the finest in the city, and it can be confidently asserted that they will command the admiration of every intelligent buyer. A vast and varied assortment is constantly carried in stock, and all orders are filled in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner; the prices quoted, are notably low, quality of material and character of workmanship considered, the firm, by reason of their exceptional facilities, being in a position to offer substantial inducements to the trade, and relations once formed with this reliable house are reasonably certain of leading to an enduring business connection. The firm is composed of Messrs. Henry B., Theo. P. and Abraham P. Spitz and Abraham P. Mork. The senior member is a native of Boston, and prior to acquiring an interest in this concern had been with Jordan, Marsh & Co. for some years, being, during his connection with the latter firm, also treasurer of the Adriatic and Windemere mills. He is a director of the Boston Home for Aged and Infirm Hebrews and Orphans. Mr. Theo. P. Spitz, who was born at Bangor, Me., entered this house as salesman in 1868, and is a director of several benevolent and social organi- zations. Mr. Abraham P. Spitz, who is a Bostonian by birth and training, became connected with the house as book-keeper in 1877. He was for ten years treasurer of Bay State Lodge, Free Sons of Israel, and is a director of the Young Men's Hebrew Association, of which institution he is also ex-president. Mr. Mork, who is a brother-in- law of the Messr.s. Spitz, was born in Albany, N". Y., and has been connected with the house since 1875. These gentlemen are all members of the Boston Merchants' Association, and are prominent in various charitable and social organizations as well as eminently popular in business and trade circles. ^HE ROCKWELL & CHURCHILL PRESS, Nos. 39 and 41 Architect.— This representative house was established in 1866, by Messrs. Rockwell, Rollins & Churchill, and since the death of Mr. Rollins in 1867, the surviving partners have continued the business with steadily increasing success. The premises occupied comprise a double building, four stories high and of ample dimensions, which is splendidly equipped with thirty modern presses, and the latest improved facilities, while employment Is given to some two hundred skilled hands, enabling the house to execute in the most workmanlike and artistic manner, the largest contracts. The proj^riotors are possessed of every facility for the execution of commercial printing, and counting-house supplies of all kinds. First-class work, in all lines, is their specialty; and they have made an enviable reputa,tion in respect to illustrated trade catalogues. They also do much high grade literary work, such as library catalogues, historical and technical publications. It is not to be inferred that they reject business of the ordinary every-day sort, where cheapness is desirable; for as to that, as well as to the more costly productions, their scale of charges is made as low as that of any other contemporary first-class house in the trade, consistent with a fair return of profit. The proprietors, Messrs. Horace T. Rockwell and Gardner A. Churchill, are Bostonians, and among our best known citizens, active members of the Master Printers' Club and the " Na- tional Typothetae," and thoroughly expert and accomplished printers, who have achieved the highest of reputa- tions for the superiority, finish and uniform excellence of their work, and for fair and straightforward dealing. 80 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. gROWN, RILEY & CO., Stock Brokers, No. 9 Congress Street.— The rapid increase of wealth among the American people is most forcibly illustrated by the constant demand that exists for reliable securities in which to invest surplus resources; and it is but natural that investors in this part of the country should turn to this thriving and representative metropolis for the best terms and most sub- stantial classes of securities. A thoroughly reliable and prosperous house devoted to this special line of business, and maintaining the very highest of leputations for liandling none but gilt-edged securities, as well as for honorable, straightforward business methods, is that of Messrs. Brown, Riley & Co., located at No. 9 Congress Street. This firm buy and sell bonds, stocks and investment securities on the exchanges of Boston, New York, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Pittsburg, and have been established in the business here since 1873. From the outset they have been the recipients of a very liberal and first-class patronage, and the same is iucreasing annually in volume and influence. Their offices are provided with a private wire to New York, and every facility is afforded to customers desiring the latest quotations and the values of all kinds of negotiable securities. The firm's many years of experience and close observation of the financial markets of the world, have given them an intimate and accurate knowledge of every detail and feature of the various kinds of investment securities and guaranteed dividend-paying bonds and debentures, and they are always prepared to give an unbiased opinion as to which are tlie best and most reliable. They also afford the best possible opportunities to capitalists and investors for direct dealings and quick turns in the cotton market, and handle both school bonds and mortgages, railroad, mining, bank, gas, insurance and electric stocks, as well as the various miscellaneous securities dealt in by the leading stock exchanges, and are prepared to negotiate for their sale or purchase at market prices; and, when desired, liberal advances are made on all negotiable .securities. Orders and inquiries relating to intended investments receive their immediate attention, and prompt replies are made, while all commissions by mail or wire from out-of-town customers are promptly executed according to instructions. The co-partners, Messrs. William J. Riley and A. L. Brown, are native Bostonians, members of the Boston and New York Stock Exchanges for the past fifteen years, and gentlemen of the highest repute and standing in the financial world. E. MANNING & COMPANY, Investment Bankers, Real Estate, Stocks, Bonds and Mort- gages, Money Loaned On Life Insurance Policies; No. 266 Washington Street.— To say that the real estate and kindred interests constitute a substantial factor in the sum of financial and commer- cial activity in this city, hardly conveys an adaquate idea of the extent thereof. They are, in fact, of surpassing importance; and it may be observed, also, in this connection, that the handling of realty, investments, mortgages, etc., is a sphere of usefulness that engages the attention of many of our stanchest citizens. Among the number thus ' referred to there are few, if any, better known than W. E. Manning & Company, whose office is at No. 266 Washington Street ( Room 3 ) , and than whom none in the line indicated in Boston main- tain a higher reputation for integrity and reliability. They are investment bankers, real estate, mortgage and stock brokers, and insurance agents, and altogether they have a flourishing business, numbering in their clientele some of the largest property owners and shrewdest investors in the community. The firm transact a general banking and brokerage business, including discounts and deposits, on which interest is allowed, and make a specialty of the purchase and sale of investment securities; loans and mortgages are negotiated in like manner, and investments are desirably placed. Real estate, stocks, bonds and miscellaneous securities are bought and sold, and money is loaned on life insurance policies, the latter being a special feature. They are prepared to effect risks in first-class companies, also, at lowest rates; and enjoy exceptional facilities for placing large fire lines, representing the Sun Insurance Company of England, and tlie Merchants' Insurance Company, of Newark, New Jersey. Enterprises are promoted also, while stock companies are organized, and all business entrusted to this responsible firm is certain to be handled in the most judicious and trustworthy manner. Mr. Manning, who is the sole member ( the Company being nominal ), is a gentleman of middle age, active and energetic. He is a man of entire probity of character, as well as of long and varied experience, and is a member of the Boston Board of Underwriters. Mr. Manning, who studied law for several years and is thoroughly conversant with all the features and details of the same, has been engaged in various branches of business since 1860. He was an extensive dealer in chemicals, etc., at No. 26 Central ' Street, from 1869 to 1874, handling more naval stores than all the others in that line in Boston. Afterward he was store-keeper in the Appraisers' Department of the Custom House and filled other positions of trust, retiring from the government service in 1877 to embark in the present line, in which lie has lieen highly prosperous. J. PHILPOTT & CO., Printers, No. 54 Pearl Street.— This firm was established July 11, 1890, at No. 49 Court Street, but owing to the increase in its business was compelled to move to its present quarters on Nov. 1st, of the same year. Mr. Philpott had charge of the printing of the D. Lothrop Co. for six •years before he started in the present business. He has a complete technical knowledge of the print- ing business, and his experience in the manufactui-e of books places him on a par with the best printers in the country. The present firm consists of A. J. Philpott and F. O. Chamberlain. Their present jjlant is capable of turning out anything from a bill head -to an edition de luxe. They make a specialty of fine illustrated work, and attend to the designing and engraving of illustrations, as all printers should, because it is the printer who is eventually responsible for the appearance of the illustration. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 81 RIGHAM'S HOTEL AND RESTUEANT, N. H. Bush and S. G. Willey, Proprietors. Nos. 042 & 644 Washington Street, and No. 2 Hersey Place, off Essex Street. — One of the best known institutions of the Icind in tlie country is Brigham's Hotel and Restaurant, of Boston, its familiarly known location being at Nos. 642 and 644 Washington Street, m the business center, and within easy reach of all depots and points of attraction in the city, and i.i undoubtedly the leading one of its kind in Boston. It con- tains sixty-five rooms, is built in the most substantial manner, and fitted up with all modern conveniences, eleva- tor, fire-proof fire escape, bathrooms, etc. This hotel is connected with his restaurant on a level with the Wash- ington Street entrance, and a specialty is made of catering to the patronage of traveling salesmen. |TLAS NATIONAL BANK, Capital $1,500,000, Surplus and Undivided Profits, $500,000, Sears Building.— Boston affords, as it has for a lengthy period, one of the most desirable and profitable fields for legiti- mate banking in the United States. The present prosperous era finds her leading financial institutions better prepared than ever to meet all demands of trade, and to handle satisfactorily the vast business that is offered. Representative among her banking houses is the old and popular Atlas National Bank, which under sound and conservative management has had such a remarkably prosperous career It was originally organized and incorporated in 1833, as the Atlas Bank, with a capital of $500,000, and in 1859 the capital was increased to $1,000,000. In 1864, in response to the needs of the business world, it was duly reorganized under the provisions of the National Banking Act, and in 1869 its capital was still further increased to $1,500,000. The Board of Directors, is composed as follows, viz: John G. Wetherell, president; Fred. L. Richardson, Henry Woods David Nevins, Chas. M. Clapp, Jere Abbott, J. W. Farwell, Jno. P. Spaulding, Matthew Luce. A more thoroughly representative and eflicient board could not be constituted, and their ripe experience is manifest in Uie course of the bank, which has the endorsement of the foremost authorities in finance. Managed on the most conservative principles, its record and credit stands as high as any bank in the city. President Wetherell was elected in 1880, having previously filled the office of vice-president, while he had been a director for many years, witli an honorable record as a business man. He has the valued support of Mr. Benjamin P. Lane as cashier, who had been in the bank for forty years and was promoted to his present position in 1891, on the death of his brother, Charles L. Lane. The assistant cashier is Mr. J. L. Foster, who has been in the bank for twenty years. The banking-rooms of the Atlas National are eligibly located in Sears Building, corner of Washington and State Streets, and are spacious in size, handsomely fitted up with oak fixtures, mosaic tile floor, and electric lights, and admirably arranged for tlie accommodation of patrons and the prosecution of the business in hand. The bank transacts a general business. Its resources now amount to over $4,000,000, while Its loans and discounts average about $3,500,000, representing safe and legitimate transactions in the best lines of commercial paper and loans on choice collateral. This insures a large income, and its capital stock of $1,500,000, is held at a high premium as one of the choicest and most re- munerative of investments. The bank has a surplus fund of $300,000.00, with undivided profits of $200,000, and its individual deposits average $2,000,000.00. It issue drafts, and makes collections on all points through its chain of correspondents, which includes the Importers and Traders, the Hanover and the Fourtli National Banks, of New York; and the Tradesmen's National Bank of Philadelphia. The officers of tlie bank seek in every way their cus- tomers' best interests, affording them perfect financial facilities, and the institution is deservedly a source of pride to the business community. f|OHN MATTSON, Dealer in Real Estate, Room No. 69, No. 28 School Street.— The real estate interests of Boston and Its many pretty suburbs are in a most prosperous condition, and are ra^iidly growing in value. Among the youngest, best known, and most enterprising of those engaged in business as real estate agents is Mr. John Mattson, whose office is located at No. 28 School Street, Room No. 69. Mr. Mattson has been established in the real estate business since May, 1888. and has built up a large and influential patronage, especially in Maiden, Medford, Dorchester, Everett, Somerville and other thriving suburbs. He possesses a thorough knowledge of the values-of real estate, and he has carried through successfully many important transactions in this line. Mr. Mattson makes a specialty of building residences in the suburbs, and selling them on easy payments. In 1891, he built and disposed of twenty houses in Everett and Maiden in this way. Mr. Mattson conducts a general business in buying, sell- ing, leasing and exchanging property of all kinds; collecting rents, securing tenants, negotiating loans and mortgages, assuming the management of estates, and effecting fire insurance in all first-class companies, including the German- American of New York, for which he is agent. All transactions are conducted on the most liberal basis, patrons liaving their interests advanced in the most judicious manner. Mr. Mattson is a native of Sweden and has lieen educated in Norway and England, in both of which countries he received a thorough business training and education. He first came to Boston in 1884. He is a bachelor, a Free Mason, and a resident of Beacon Hill, and enjoys the esteem and confidence of all who know bira. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 5 AND & CRANE Jewelers, No. 3 Park Street. — One of the leading and representative houses engaged in the jewelry trade in Boston which has achieved an international reputation for the superiorty of the goods handled, and which can he justly styled the " Tiffany's " of Boston, is that of Messrs. Band & Crane, whose headquarters are located at No. 3 Park Street. This popular house is identified with all that is rare and precious in art of the most skillful work of the silversmith, of the gems of production in the lines of vases, bric-a-brac and novelties in jewelry, the choicest diamonds and precious stones, a vast array of the richest jewelry of every description, watches of the most accurate movements, parlor clocks, opera- glasses and in fact everything in the line of the beautiful, rare and useful; a specialty being made of the latest novelties in art jewelry for holiday gifts, a splendid exhibit of goods in this line being shown. The business was founded in 1886 at this address by the present proprietors, Messrs. Wallace Rand and William Crane, the former a native of Portsmouth, N. H., the latter of Quincy, Mass. Both gentlemen have had an experience of twenty-five years in this line and are thoroughly expert, practical jewelers, fine judges of precious stones and with exquisite taste in the selection of their goods, and understand every want and requirement of patrons throughout the United States and Europe, their trade being active in both countries, the house both exporting and importing their goods. One of the recent novelties manufactured by this house is the " Oliver Wendell Holmes Spoon" which is made from solid sterling silver, in both tea and orange sizes and is a trimuph of art as a souvenir. The first spoon struck from the die was of solid 22 carat gold, and was presented to Mr. Oliver Wendell Holmes, and the first order received for these novelties was from Paris. The design for these spoons is unique, representing on the back of the handle of the spoon a picture of the "One Hoss Shay" and on the front of the handle a portrait of Oliver Wendell Holme.s. The premises occupied comprise a floor space of 2500 square feet, which are divided into several departments, workshop, storeroom, etc., the firm facetiously terming the place " Multum in parvo." The skill, energy, sound judgment and correct taste of this firm have become ' proverbial and have brought them a success which is well deserved and developed a trade that is as substan- tial as it is far reaching. The house numbers among its patrons many of the leading families of Boston, and in fact every city in the New England States, as retail customers, who can always find articles that meet the requirements of the most refined taste. This is the headquarters for wedding and holiday presents and selections are made for shipment to every section of the United States, quality and the artistic merits of the goods being their first consideration. The prices are uni- formly low and reasonable and the patrons are at all times treated with the most refined courtesy. Boston has made a creditable addition to her mercantile houses by the disinguished enterprise of this reliable house and is more than ever made the popular purchasing point of the United States for goods of this class. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 83 P. S. HUCKINS & CO. PS. HUCKINS & CO., Hard Pine Lumber, Wliite Oak Timber and Plank, Hackmatack Knees, Hard Pine Electric Light Poles a Specialty, No. 45 Kilby Street, Wharf and Mill, East Boston. — To say that the lumber interest constitutes a factor of surpassing importance in the sum of commercial activity in Boston hardly conveys an idea of the extent thereof. The transactions in the product of the forest in the course of a year reach vast magnitude, representing hundreds of millions of dollars and the volume of trade grows apace. Among the leading firms engaged in the line indicated, in this city, can be named that of P. S. Huckins & Co., whose office is at No. 45 Kilby Street, with wharf and mill located in East Boston. They are manufacturers and dealers in hard pine lumber, white oak timber and plank, hackmatack knees, electric light poles, etc., and have an exceedingly large business. They receive direct from points in the South, most of their supplies coming by water, and, with the exceptional facilities they enjoy, are in a position to offer substantial inducements to dealers and large consumers. The premises occupied in Bast Boston are capacious and well-equipped in every respect and an efficient staff is there employed. An immense stock is constantly kept on hand and all orders for anything in the line above noted are executed in the most prompt and trustworthy manner, hard pine electric light poles being a specialty, while the prices quoted are exceptionally low. This well-known and representative firm, which is composed of Messrs. Frank Huckins and Luther W. Drowne, was established in 1860, and its history during the thirty-two years since intervening has been marked by uninterrupted prosperity. 84 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. |ATCHELDER & LINCOLN, Jobbers and Wholesale Dealers in Boots, Shoes and Eubbers. Manufac- turers of Shoe-Store Supplies, Leather and Findings. Nos. 94, 96 and 98 Federal Street.. -The leading house of the United States is that of Messrs. Batohelder & Lincoln, Boston, located at Nos. 96 and 98 Federal Street, Nos. 11 and l;j Leather Square, also cellars under Nos. 171 to 177 Congress Street, con- nected by tunnel with the main store. This representative house was established in 18.52, by Messrs. G. A. Mansfield & Co., of which firm Messrs. Batohelder & Lincoln were members. The present style was adopted in 1860. In 1878, the death of the senior partner occurred: since that date Mr. Joseph B. Lincoln has continued as • sole proprietor, without change in the iirm-narae. The business premises comprise a large, five-story building, supplied with every modern ajipliance tiiat the advanced requirements of the times demand, while all the details of the business are managed with a system and order that render business relations with the house most satisfactory and pleasant. The amplitude of the stock which is here displayed, embracing the most popular makes of boots, shoes and rubbers, known to the trade, ranks the house as the foremost exponent in its line in the country. The productions of thirty-seven different manufacturers are received regularly, including such well-known houses as "Whitman & Keith, A. F. Smith, James Phelan, L. B. Evans' Son, T. G. Plant, Bobbins, Kellogg & Co., Wright & Eichards, Shillaber& Co., John Mundell & Co., D. A. Donovan & Co., and others no less distinguished for the NEW CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. superiority of their output. In rubber goods the firm are agents for the Boston, Candee, Woonsocket and Norfolk manufactories, and carry the celebrated "B & L Holdfasts," constantly in stock. They are extensive importers of English and German silk, Tubular and Porpoise laces, and the famous Blakey Heel and Sole Plates and Protect- ors; also manufacturers of lamb's wool and cork soles. They keep a stock of shoe-store supplies that is as com- plete as any in Boston, while their lines of leather and findings, comprising everything needed for first-class repairing, is unequaled. The extent of the operations of this .house enable it to contract with manufacturers upon the most favorable terms, and it is, consequently, in a position to afford its customers many benefits, in both quality and price of goods, which smaller houses are unable to give. The house controls a business extending to all parts of the United States and is represented bv a. corps of sixteen talented salesmen. Mr. Lincoln is a native of Massachusetts, a prominent member of the Boston Boot and Shoe Club, and the New England Shoe and Leather Association, and identified wilh the growth and prosperity of the -city in the broadest sense of the term, promot- ing its commerce with energy, discrimination, and brilliant success. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 85 JLBERT DODGE, Grain Commission Merchant, Room No. 402, New Chamber of Commerce Building. — The large grain commission trade of Boston has a leading representative in the house of Albert Dodge, whose office is at No. 402 New Chamber of Commerce Building. Tliis concern controls a very extensive trade, having permanent patrons in all parts of New England, and it sustains an enviable reputation for liberal methods and promptness in meeting orders. The enterprise was established thirty years ago by Messrs. Dodge & Smith, the firm afterward becoming Dodge & Gott, next Dodge, Sanborn & Co., later on Dodge, Wade & Co., then Dodge & Wade, and four years ago Mr. Dodge became sole proprietor. He is a native of New Hampshire, resides in Gloucester, and has long been prominently identified with his present line of commerce. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce and sustains an A 1 standing in the business world. Mr. Dodge is the leading member of the firm of Dodge & Scott, proprietors of the Eastern Elevator and Mills, at Beverly, Mass., the Gloucester Elevator and Mills, Gloucester, Mass., the Powow Mills, of Amesbury, Mass., and an elevator at Hyde Park, Mass. The Beverly elevator has a capacity of 30,000 bushels, the Gloucester elevator 30,000 bushels, the Amesbury elevator 20,000 bushels, the Hyde Park elevator, 25,000 bushels. The firm's milling capacity is 1,000 bushels of corn daily. The resources of the house are of the most complete character, and all the demands of the trade are met upon the most acceptable basis. H. BOWLES & CO., Commission Merchants and Wholesale Dealers in Butter, Eggs and Cheese, No. 113 S. Market Street. — The statistician who treats of the mercantile prosperity of the capital city of the Bay State, discloses in connection with the business of handling country produce upon the basis of a • commission and in the capacity of an intermediary between the consignor and the dealer, a healthy and inspiring condition of affairs. Conspicuous among those engaging in the calling stands the house of Messrs. F. H. Bowles & Co., of No. 113 S. Market Street, which house was established during the cur- rency of the year 187S by the existing firm, Messrs. Bowles & Co. are commission merchants in butter, eggs and cheese, the specialty being eggs of extra quality; and the house prides itself upon the promptitude with which it handles consignments and makes returns thereon. The house receives produce from all parts of New England, and the West and the British Provinces, a major proportion of its operations being conducted in the capacity of a whole- sale dealer. The connection is located throughout New England, and to the firm belongs the emphatically envi- able distinction of being one of the largest egg dealers in Boston. The house has been located at its present con- venient quarters on S. Market Street, for the past five years. A branch of the business was established in October, 1890, at Lynn, Mass. The reputation of the house throughout the trade is of extremely high character, and to those desirous of satisfying themselves upon the standing and credit of Messrs. Bowles & Co., the names of the Fourth National Bank of Boston, and Messrs. S. S. Long & Bro., of New York, are offered. The name of F. A. Bowles & Co. embodies the combined efforts of Mr. F. Bowles, and Mr. J. J. Kennedy. The former gentleman is a native of Maine, his residence in Boston and his experience in the trade covering a period of nineteen years. He is a young man of the greatest promise, and was a director of the Produce Exchange previous to the formation of the Chamber of Commerce and has since occupied the same position in the latter organization. Mr. Kennedy is also a native of Maine and a member of the Chamber of Commerce and his alliance with the firm covers a period of five years. CAVAGNARO & CO., Wholesale and Commission Dealers in Foreign and Domestic Fruits, Special- ties: Cigars, Tobacco and Pipes, Macaroni, Roman and Holland Cheese, Phillip and Canaud Sardines, Mushrooms, etc., Fine Brands of Olive Oil of Direct Importation, Nos. 10, 11 and 121 Faneuil Hall ' • Square. — The reputable house of J. Cavagnaro & Co., wholesale and commission dealers in fruits, etc., of Nos. 10, 11 and 12^ Faneuil Hall Square, Boston, Mass., was founded during the year 1875, the firm name at that time being as at present. Among the infinite variety of commodities handled by the house, mention is due of the following: foreign and domestic fruits, as oranges, lemons, bananas, Florida oranges, pine apples, pears, peaches, cherries, grapes, dates, figs, almonds, Brazil nuts, pecans, grenobles, French walnuts, shell- barks, filberts, peanuts, Naples walnuts and chestnuts, a heavy business being transacted in corn cakes, maple sugar and paper bags, the specialties being cigars, tobacco and pipes, macaroni, Roman and Holland cheese, Phillip and Canaud sardines, mushrooms, etc., an extensive import business in olive oil being a sighificant feature of the business. The domestic products passing under the operations of the house are drawn from every section of the Union and the area of consumption embraces the whole of New England. In addition to the wholesale trade of the house, a substantial retail business is transacted, the same being chiefly of a local order. The business premises occupied by the house comprise two basements and two floors which are excellently located and suitably equipped and a staff of fifteen assistants is constantly maintained. The name "J. Cavagnaro & Co.," comprises the allied enterprise of three of Boston's able merchants — Mr. J. Cavagnaro, Mr. F. Casci and Mr. A. E. Vaccaro; all of whom are native Italians and young men possessing rare accomplishments. Mr. Cavagnaro holds the honor- able distinction of being the founder of the house, while Messrs. Casci and Vaccaro joined the concern in 1891. They are severally members of the Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange and of the Chamber of Commerce, and they merit, unquestionably, the respect and confidence of the entire community. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATU iOWARD NATIONAL BANK, No. 19 Congress Street,— The Howard National Bank of Boston is the successor of the Howard Banking Company which was inooi'po- rated in 1853. With a capital of $500,000 it began busi- ness at No. 97 State Street. In 1858 the name of the institution was changed to the Howard Bank. Under that style the bank continued until January, 1865, when, having reorganized under the national banking law, it assumed the present title. In March, 1865, the capital was increased to !!)750,000, and in October, 1869, there was another increase of $250,000, making the capital $1,000,000, at which amount it now stands. In April, 1870, the bank removed to the second floor of the building. No. 85 State Street, opposite Merchant's Row; this location becoming not wholly satisfactory, a new one was sought; and in the Spring of 1878 two lots of land, having a frontage of 43 feet on Congress Street and extending through to Congress Square, were secured. Immediately was beguu the erection of the "Howard Bank Building" from plans prepared by Peabody & Stearns. On the morning of Jan. 1st, 1879, the day of the resumption of specie payments, the bank moved into its new building. Its banking rooms are upon the first floor, easily accessible and very cheerful. The building contains sixteen elegant ofiices besides the banking rooms. Since organizing under the National Banking system, the bank has regularly paid semi-annual dividends, which have averaged about three and a quarter per cent. Its total dividends as a national bank amount to $1,740,000, and its surplus fund is $200,000, beside other profits of about seventy thousand dollars. The Howard num- bers among its depositors many of the best firms and corporations in the city and has also a large number of bank and mercantile corre- spondents whose ^eastern business it transacts. Its deposits usually average about two million five hundred thousand dollars. The presi- dent is R. E. Demmon, the vice-president, Samuel F. Wilkins, the cashier. Chandler Robbins. The directors are A. B. Butterfield, J. W. Candler, Samuel B. Capen, R. E. Demmon, Francis Flint, J. M. W. Hall, Aug. P. Martin, N. W.Rice and S. F. Wilkins. E. ATTEAUX & CO., Manufacturers and Importers of Dyestuffs, Etc., Nos. 172 to 178 Purchase Street. — The development of the commerce of Boston is upon a scale of the greatest magnitude; every phase of business is here represented by talented merchants possessed of ample resources , and abundant experience, and prominent among the number is the firm of F. E. Atteaux & Co. doing business as manufacturers, importers, and commission merchants in aniline colors, dyestuffs and chemicals, at Nos. 172 to 178 Purchase Street. As importers, F. E. Atteaux & Co. possess qualifications fitting them in a pre-eminent degree to exactly meet the requiremeilts of the American trade, having the best possible facilities for procuring the finest products of the Old World; while they are especially prominent as sole New England agents for Sadler and Go's. [Limited] alizarine dyes, John Rud. Geigy & Co's aniline colors, etc., and A. D. Shotwell & Co's Amei-ican sumac. Mr. Atteaux has had fifteen years' experience in this branch of commerce, and established the present enterprise in June, 1887. The business premises comprise four floors, and basement, 70 x 75 feet each, finely fitted up for the rapid handling, proper preservation and prompt delivery of the choice and valuable stock here constantly carried. Mr. Atteau.x devotes his close personal attention to the details of the business, and the demands of xhe leather manufacturers, and woolen, cotton and paper mills, for the purest dye- stuffs, colors and chemicals of every grade have rarely, if ever, been so fully and satisfactorily met as by this firm whose laudable ambition to excel has been generally recognized. The trade will consult their own interests by writing and obtaining prices before concluding purchases for anything in the dyestuffs and chemical line. By maintaining a high standard in all their imports, F. E. Atteaux & Co. are contributing very materially to retain to Boston the supremacy in the importation of this line of goods, while tlie large volume of their business, extending to all parts of the United States, affords the best criterion of their claim to a continuance of the influential support accoi-ded them. Their Diamond Tannin, which replaces both block and cube Gambier, is meeting with unqualified success among tanners of leather of every description. Their Imjierial Blue for wool dyeing is acknowledged the best article in the market for fastness against light and fulling and is used by most of the large mills throughout the U. S. that make a specialty of fast colors. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 87 jLFRED MUDGE & SON, Printers, No. 24 Franklin Street.— Few departments of industrial activity have attained greater perfection or a more deserved reputation in Boston than that of printing and its kindred branches. The competition has necessarily been very great, but the result has been correspondingly satisfactory to tlie general public as a higher standard of perfection has been attained. Prominent among the oldest houses in the trade, and long holding a representative position therein, stands the establishment of Alfred Jliidi^e & Sou. located at No. 24 Franklin Street. The business was founded in 1830, by Mr. Alfred tentious way, on School Street, with steadily increasing success The firm oif Alfred Mudge & by the admission of Mr. Alfred strength and influence of the The honored senior partner and 2, 1882, after a long and honorably death of tue son April 8, 1885, since under the sole proprietorship of late Alfred A. Mudge, who had thoroughly trained in every phase The old-time reputation of the firm tiously maintained by him, and the are constantly being added to and cupied for the business since 1883 each, splendidly equipped with der, and the latest improved ma- while employment is given to some Mudge, in a small and unpre- where the business was continued for a period of fifty-three years. Son was organized about 1850, A. Mudge to partnership, and the house continued to grow apace, founder of the house died August successful career, followed by the which date the enterprise has been Mr. Frank H. Mudge, a son of the been in the firm since 1880 and was and feature of the printer's art. has been steadily and conscien- facilities for rapid and perfect work improved upon. The premises oc- comprise three floors, 55 x 155 feet twenty-five presses, mostly cylin- chinery, operated by steam-power, one hundred and eighty skilled and expert hands. This house has long made a specialty of fine commercial printing, including business cards, wedding invitations, menus, drafts, checks, notes, letter and bill heads, programmes and posters; while books, pamphlets, magazines, railroad and law printing of all kinds are executed with the greatest despatch and in the best taste. The imprint of this house is to be seen upon the catalogues and price lists of leading manufacturers in Massachu- setts, Ehode Island and Connecticut; upon the cartes de visite of leaders in Boston society, the menus of our largest hotels, and the business paper of prominent bankers, merchants, railroad men and publishing houses throughout New England. The best of high class work in the printing line is known to emanate from this house, shining all the brighter by comparison and contrast, and successfully challenging competition. Mr. Mudge is a native and well-known Bostonian, president of the Master Printers' Club, vice-president of the National Typothetse of Amer- ica, adjutant of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery, and an honorary member of the Franklin Typographical Society, the Roxbury Club, the Boston Athletic Association, and the Hull, Winthrop and Massachusetts Yacht Club, invariably honored ,.ud esteemed by his fellow-men in all the various walks of life. ^ARKER, WILDER & CO., Commission Merchants, No. 4 Winthrop Square ; No. 62 Leonard Street, New York. — Boston has long been noted as center of the wholesale trade of the New England States in woolen, and cotton fabrics, while the command of large capital, coupled with the well-known energy and enterprise of the representative members of this trade has permanently retained the supremacy. ^^** One of the foremost houses of the commission trade in woolens is Messrs. Parker, Wilder & Co., whose establishment is located at No. 4 Winthrop Square. This house was founded about seventy years ago, by Mr. Isaac Parker, and after some changes the present style was adopted in 1851. The premises occupied by them comprise three floors, 60x125 feet each, giving ample accommodations for supplying the most extensive demand. This firm handle woolens, flannels, dress goods, quilts, blankets and sheetings, received direct from some of the leading manufacturers of New England, and enjoy a high prestige in trade circles throughout the country as selling agents for Talbot Mills, Belvidere Woolen Mfg. Co., Cocheco Woolen Mfg. Co., Gonic Mfg. Co., Concord Mfg. Co., Sterling Mills, Yautic Woolen Co., C. A. Stevens & Co., G. F. Sibley, Wolfboro Mills, Mouadnock Mills, Clarendon Mills, Union Mfg. Co., and Phoenix Factory. The stock is kept up to the highest standard of excellence and efficiency. Shipments are made direct from the mills to customers, and every facility is at hand for filling all orders promptly and for granting patrons every possible advantage as regards both reliability of goods and liberality of terms and prices. The members of this responsible firm are Messrs. Benjamin Phipps, W. H. Sherman, Jnmes Street, Marshall Shepard, Wm. H. Wilder, and Thos. S. Lockwood. Mr. Phipps has been a partner since 1869, while Mr. Wilder succeeded his father as a member of the firm in 1862, and Mr. Sherman came into the firm in 1873. These gentlemen are well-known Bostonians, and accounted among its representative merchants and most substantial citizens ; while Messrs. Street and Shepard reside in New York and have control of the extensive interests possessed by the firm in that city. BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ]MERICAN POSTAL MACHINES COMPANY, J. George Cooper, President, Henry E. Waite, Secretary and Treasurer, Office: No. 53 Devonshire Street. — The demands upon the Post Office Department for more rapid transmission of mails are frequent and pressing. Vast quantities of mail matter are deposited in post offices only a few moments before the closing of mails; upon each separate letter the stamp must be canceled and the postmark impressed before it can leave the office for its destina^ tion. This -work, done by hand, is a slow process, painfully laborious, generally indistinct and ought to be a thing of the past, as the American Postal Machines Co., of this city, has developed a practical method of handling letters by machinery, and the Boston Post Office has demonstrated for the past five years that the work can be rapidly, distinctly and well done by machinery at a greatly reduced cost. This company was incorporated iu 1885, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $1,000,000, and is officered as follows, viz: J. Geo. Cooper, president; Henry B. Rice, vice-president; Henry E. Waite, secretary and treasurer. The offices of the company are eligibly located at No. 53 Devonshire Street. The postal machines produced and perfected by this company are the inventions of Mr. Thomas Leavitt and Mr. M. V. B. Ethridge, and are revolutionizing the existing system of handling letters in post offices throughout the country. For facing and bunching letters alone these machines are a great saving to the Government; but when it is understood that they are also stamp-canceling and postmark- ing machines as well, doing all the work by one operation, their great value for post office use is at once apparent. The machines produced by this company include a continuous and progressive line of inventions, patents and developments. No. 1 is for stamp-canceling and postmarking letters, by hand feed, with capacity of 4,000 per hour, and adopted by the postmaster of Boston in 1876. No. 2 is for stamp-canceling and postmarking postal cards, automatic feed, 400 per minute, 15,000 per hour; adopted by act of Congress of the United States in 1880. No. 3, for stamp-canceling and postmarking letters, automatic feed, 400 per minute, 15,000 per hour; adopted by act of Congress of tbe United States in 1882. No. 4, same as No. 3, with improvements. No. 5, for facing, stamp- canceling, postmarking, counting and bunching letters and postal cards, all by one operation: 100 to 200 per minute, 4,000 to 8,000 per hour, according to the speed of the operator; adopted by the Post Office Department of the United States in 1889. No. 6, patented in 1890, same as No. 5, with improvements. These machines, unlike automatic-feed machines, are strong and durable in construction; do not easily get oiit of order ; and can be opera- ted by any one without experience. The difficulties attending the application of machinery to the varying con- ditions of letters have been so great that this company expended over $200,000 in money and fifteen years in time in experimenting before perfecting a satisfactory method and machine. These machines, on a basis of saving to the Government, are furnished at extremely low rates, and on a basis of their actual cost; with superintendence and repairs, the price is very reasonable. The increase in efficiency and reduction in cost secured to the postal service by the adoption of these machines is without a parallel in the history of the Post Office Department. Twenty-four are in use in the Boston Post Office, and also one at each of the sub-stations in the city; while others are in use in the Philadelphia and Washington Post Offices. The management of the company is in safe, wise and energetic hands, and under such capable and progressive direction the influence and success of the undertaking is being steadily extended and confirmed. H. CUNNINGHAM, Wrought Iron Pipe and Fittings for Steam, Gas and Water, No. 109 Milk Street. — The old-established and prosperous house of J. H. Cunningham is a leading headquarters in this city for wroughtir on pipe and fittings for steam, gas and water, and is eligibly located at the above address |o The business was founded in 1852 by Thos. Cunningham, and in 1873 the firm of Thos. Cunningham & Son was organizedby the admission of J. H. Cunningham to partnership, the latter succeeding to the sole control on the death of his father in 1882. The salesrooms at the above address are spacious and well arranged for the storage and handling of supplies, while a warehouse is also occupied at East Boston, which measures 200 x 80 feet. The trade is conducted exclusively at wholesale and is immense and influential throughout New England. Mr. Cunningham is especially prominent in trade circles as sole New England agent for Foskett & Bishop's Steam Traps, the Kennedy Gate Valves and Renewable Disc Globe Valves and the Standard Hot Water Radiator. The various goods represented in the stock here carried will be found to be of a standard and reliable quality, selected under the experienced eye of Mr. Cunningham, and no similar house in the city is better prepared to minister to the wants of the trade in this line or stands higher in the esteem of its patrons everywhere. The business is distributed throughout all the New England States, and a large num- ber of dealers, contractors and heavy consumers make all their purchases at this establishment, being attracted by the honorable methods in force, the superior inducements offered as regards both quality and price, and the emi- nently satisfactory manner in which their orders are fulfilled. The sales of tbe house in 1890 included two million feet of pipe, and the business is constantly increasing under able and enterprising management. In its specialty of tarred and enameled pipe this house successfully challenges competition. Mr. Cunningham is a native Bosto- nian, and one of its best known representative business men. President of the Plymouth Street Railway Company, Plymouth, Mass. ; President of Winnisimmet National Bank, Chelsea, Mass. ; Vice-president of the Boston Con- struction Company, and a director in eight different corporations in this city; a member of Governor Russell's staff, with the rank of cokmel, and a member of the Young Men's Democratic Club, the Boston Athletic Club, the Eeview Club, the Master Builders' Association and the Master Plumbers' Association, BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. SCOLLAT SQUABB. |EONARD WARE & SONS, Oils, Refiners and Pressers of Oils, Nos. 473, 475 and 477 Atlantic Avenue — The largest, as well as the oldest house in Boston engaged in the importation, manufacture and sale of oils is that of Leonard Ware & Sons, located at Nos. 473, 475 and 477 Atlantic Avenue. This representative house was founded in 1830, by Leonard Ware, and from 1860 to '72, the firm of Ware & Bundy flourished. In 1872, the firm of Leonard Ware & Sons was organized, and although their works were destroyed by the great fire of that year, they qu.iokly rebuilt upon a larger scale, and have occupied this site since i860. The honored senior partner and founder of the business died in jSTovember, 1888, after a long and honorable business career, leaving the enterprise to his two sons. Mr. Leonard Ware, Jr. retired from the firm in 1890, and the business is now conducted by Mr. M. EverettMVare as sole proprietor, under the old familiar firm name. The business premises have a storage capacity for five thousand barrels, and every modern facility is at hand for rapid and perfect production, including forty lever presses ; and steady orjployment is given to a large number of skilled and expert hands. The firm have long been prominent as importers of French and English Degras, Sumac, Newfoundland and Labrador Cod oils ; palm, olive and English sod oils and French velvet black ; and as manufacturers of and dealers in neat' s-foot, fish, sperm, whale, blackfish, lard, wool, castor, machinery, engine and rosin oils; tallow, hard grease, American sumac and tanners' supplies; while they are extensive refiners and pressers of oils. Their refined oils are popular favorites both at home and abroad. The manufacture, refining and pressing of oils is conducted with the greatest care and by the most approved processes, the result being that they are pure and reliable, and are in constantly increasing demand thoughout the entire United States. Orders by telephone No. 1714, by telegraph or mail, receive immediate and careful attention, and terms and prices are made invariably satisfactory to the trade. Mr. Ware is a native Bostonian, and at the age of nineteen enlisted in the 45th Massachusetts Infantry, going out as a sergeant and was promoted to a captaincyiin the 6th Massachusetts the following year. He is a member of the Loyal Legion and the Oil Trade Association, and of excellent repute in commercial, financial and social circles. 90 BOSTON, ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. A.LWOETH MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Steam Engineers and Contractors, Nos. 14 to 20 Oliver Street. — Prominent among the manufacturers of New England, and the oldest, largest and best known house engaged as steam engineers and contractors in Boston, is that of the Walworth Manuf'g Co.> located at Nos. 14-20 Oliver Street. This company are extensive manufacturers of, and dealers in, steam and hot-wnter warming and ventilating apparatus; automatic sprinklers and fire extinguishing apparatus; gas machines, gas mixers, mangles, wrought iron pipe and fittings; steam pumps, boilers and engines, steam and gas fitters' tools, and general engineers' supplies. As steam engineers and contractors they have per- manently maintained the lead on a legitimate basis of superior workmanship and thoroughly scientific results. The business was originally established in 1842 by Messrs. Walworth and Nason, who were the first to engage in steam and hot-water heating in the world. The firm name became J. J. Walworth & Co. a few years after, and in 1872 tlie present company was incorporated, with a capital of $400,000. The works of the company are located in South Boston, and comprise two b'uildings; one containing four floors and basement; the other, three C. C. Walworth. floors, besides brass and iron foundries, forge shops, and other works incident to their business; the equipment of which is of the most complete and perfect character, and in which steady employment is given to about ei^ht hundred hands. The company have supplied with apparatus and fittings numerous buildings in this city, in a manner which reflects the greatest credit upon their taste and skill. Among the buildings which may be named are the U. S. Post-Office, Sears Building, Mutual Life Ins. Go's building, New Old South Church, Hathaway Building, New England Building, Pierce Building, and many others. The company are earnest and unremitting in their efforts to give entire satisfaction to all their patrons, and are actuated in all their undertakings by a lauda- ble spirit of enterprise and an ambition to excel. They have an immense and influential patronage in New Eng- land and the Provinces, and for some years past have been cultivating an export trade with very good results. The president of the company is Mr. C. C. Walworth, who brings to the business an experience of nearly fifty years in this branch of industry, and is known as one of the foremost mechanics of the country. He is ably seconded by Mr. Wallace L. Pierce as vice-president; while Messrs. Graves and Coppins, treasurer and secretary respectively, are expert, accomplished officials, with whom it is always a pleasure to do business. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. 91 ■QETH PACKING & PROVISION COMPANY, Packers and Curers of Pork, Beef, Lard, Hams, Bacon, Live and Dressed Hogs, Etc., Etc., Nos. 33 and 34 N. Market Sti-eet.— One of the foremost representa- tives of the packing industry in the east is the North Packing and Provision Company, vrhose headquar- ters are located at Nos. 33 and 34 N. Market Street. This company enjoy an international reputati()n as packers and curers of pork, beef, lard, hams, bacon, live and dressed hogs, etc., and operate extensive slaughtering, curing and packing houses in Somerville, Mass. The business was founded in 18.59, by Messrs. North, Merriman & Co., who were succeeded in 1874 by Charles H. North & Co., and in January, 1889, the present company was incorporated with G. F. Swift, president; E. C. Swift, treasurer and general manager; S. Henry Skilton, assistant manager. These gentlemen unite special qualifications for carrying on the business upon the highest plane of eiiiciency, bringing to bear, as they do, vast practical experience, ample capital and unrivaled facilities. They have manifested marked enterprise and sound executive judgment in availing themselves of the resources and equipment of the old-established works and in adding numerous improvments tending to facilitate rapid and perfect work. The plant at Somerville covers eight acres of ground, and is provided with direct rail- way connections, besides every modern convenience for storing, handling, curing and packing meats, including a large cooling room with the capacity for 8,000 hogs, together with the latest improved machinery, ample steam power, electric lights and other facilities. Steady oinploy/ment is given to 1050 hands, and 3000 hogs or more are slaughtered per day. The company's meats are justly celebrated for excellence, soundness, care and skill in curing and packing, as they use only the best stock and have the latest process for curing which adds greatly to the flavor of their hams aird bacon and renders them free from the unpleasant taste of excessive salt. They are also refiners of pure leaf lard, which they refine to that degree which renders it pre-eminently a choice and fine article for culinary purposes. Their salesrooms in this city comprise four spacious floors, provided with the latest cooling process and refrigerators, and here they do a large wholesale trade in choice provisions, shipping immense quantities of pork, beef, hams, lard, etc., not only to all parts of the United States and Canada, but also to Great Britain, Oermany, France and South America. The Messrs. Swift are widely known as leaders in the dressed beef trade in this country, [and have the highest, of reputations in both the east and the west. The conduct of this business devolves largely upon the Assistant Manager, Mr. Skilton, who was a member of the firm of Charles H. North & Co. from 1874 until the organization of this company, and is an expert and practical exponent of the pork- packing business. With its far reaching interests and enlightened management, this company are steadily de- veloping a trade international in its importance and of the utmost value to Boston both industrially and commercially. OWLE, COBB & PEARSON, Successors to C. N. Mellen & Co., Manufacturers of Silk, Flannel and Cheviot Shirts, Ames Building, No. 65 Bedford and No. 69 Kingston Streets.— One of the great repre- sentative business houses of Boston isthat of Messrs. Fowle, Cobb & Pearson, the well-known manu- M facturers of silk, flannel and cheviot shirts, men's, boys' and children's pants, overalls, shop coats, bar coats and aprons, located in Ames Building, Nos. 65 Bedford and 69 Kingston Streets. Probably no concern in the United States has made greater or more substantial progress than the above. The business was established in 1861, by Messrs C. N. Mellen & Co., who were succeeded by the present firm in 1887. The house is the largest in its line in Boston, and enjoys a heavy and permanent trade with jobbers and retailers throughout New England and the Middle States. The business premises comprise three floors, which contain half an acre of floor space, and in which is one of the flnest salesrooms in the city. The firm employ upwards of fifty skilled hands in the building and some four thousand people outside, and have twelve factories engaged in making goods for them under contract. The efforts of the firm are ably directed to the perfection and economical manufacture of the above specialties, and so practical has been the result of their efforts that their garments now have the largest and most wide-spread sale of any similar goods in New England. The record of the firm is one of honorable prog- ress and steady expansion of facilities to meet the demands of its trade. In their spacious salesrooms are the largest lines of shirts, pants and overalls manufactured by any one house. The styles range from the lowest price up to the choicest grades, so as to suit all classes of purchasers. In the pants department are various lines of kerseys, jeans, cotton, worsted and all wool, which are cut in the latest style, of the best materials, and well made. The goods of this firm are given the preference by dealers in Boston, Providence, Lowell, Manchester, Worcester, Springfield, New Haven, Hartford, Portland and other New England centers, also the larger cities in the Middle States, on account of their great salability and solid merits. A corps of talented salesmen represent the interests of the house upon the road, and the resources of the firm enable them to guarantee the prompt and perfect fulfill- ment of all orders. The members of this enterprising firm are Messrs. Leonard Fowle, A. B. Cobb and J. B. Pear- son, all native Bostonians and young men of energy, tact and business sagacity. Mr. Fowle was with C. N. Mellen & Co., seventeen years, while Mr. Pearson was with them twelve years, thus acquiring a foundation understanding for all the details of the business and the requirements of the trade. Mr. Cobb was in business ni India many years All the partners are thoroughly practical men, exercising superior executive abilities and, by enforcing a thorough system of organization, insure the efBciency of their employes and the perfection of their goods. 92 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. |.JlRDING, "WHITMAN & CO., Commission Merchants, Woolen Cloths, Dress Goods and Yarns, No. 78' Chaunoy Street. — There is, perhaps, no firm engaged in the dry goods commission business in Boston more widely or more favorably known than Harding, Whitman & Co., No. 78 Chauncy Street ; with branch also at No. 80 Leonard Street, New York. They are commission merchants for the sale of woolen cloths, women's and children's dress goods, and worsted and cotton yarns, and do an exten- sive business selling to jobbers, wholesale dealers and manufacturers throughout tlie United States. The_house is a leading and representative one, and for more than a quarter of a century has maintained a prominent place in the trade. It was established in 1866, by Charles L. Harding and Gardner E. Colby, vmder the firm name of Harding & Colby. At a later date Edgar Harding was admitted to the firm, and the firm name was changed to Harding, Colby & Co. Under this style the business was conducted up to 1890, when the present firm name was adopted. Ml-. Colby was removed by death in 1889, and Charles L. Harding in 1891. The present firm is composed of Edgar Harding, son of Charles L. Harding, and William Whitman, both of whom are in the prime of life. Mr. Harding is a native of Millville, Massachusetts, and Mr. Whitman, who was born in Nova Scotia, came to Boston and began his business life at the age of fourteen. They are men of enei-gy and enterprise, and thoroughly conversant with their business in all its details. Prior to assuming the sole conduct of the business, both had had long experience. Mr. Harding became a member of the firm of Harding, Colby & Co., in 1873, and has been a director of the Merchants' Woolen Co. for twenty-two years, and treasurer of the same for eighteen years. Mr. Whitman became a partner in the firm in 1887. He has been treasurer of the Arlington Mills since 1S67, with the exception of a short period in 1869. He has been a director of the same company since 1873. The quarters occupied by the firm for offices and salesroom on Chauncy Street are commodious and finely appointed, and a large stafi of clerks and salesmen are employed. During the past two years the firm has gradually relinquished all its business, with the exception of the Arlington Mills and the Merchants Woolen Co., for which they are the sole selling agents. The business of these two large manufacturing concerns is now done entirely on orders, and while the business is large, the demand for their products is always in excess of the production. This has been brought about, both by the character of the products and the honorable and trustworthy manner in which orders have been filled. Rela- tions with the house are reasonably certain to lead to an enduring business connection. CUMBERLAND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Manufacturers of The Warren Filters, No. 220 Devonsliire Street. — In the paper mills of S. D. Warren & Co., at Cumberland Mills, Me., some means of obtaining water free from all impurities became a matter of great importance. Filtration was finally resorted to, after much time and labor, and the "Warren Filter;" was invented by the agent, Mr. Johh E. Warren, with whom " necessity was the mother of invention," for their own special use. His filter proved so thoroughly successful that the Cumberland Manufacturing Company was formed for the express purpose of placing it upon the market. The capital stock was $50,000 and the company was ofiicered as follows : John E. Warren, president ; Mortimer B. Mason, vice-president ; Fiske Warren, treasurer. The Boston ofSce of the company is located at No. 220 Devonshire Street, with Mr. Walter B. Nye, manager. The Warren Filter, fi'om its peculiar construction, is intended for use as a gravity filter, the water being filtered by a system of percolation, such as is common in natural filtration through the soil. This simplifies the construction, and lessens the expense of operation, as gravity alone furnishes the requisite pressure for conducting the operation, and greatly simplifies the problem of cleansing the filter of its accumulated matter. The method or apparatus for cleansing the filter bed is, generally speaking, the principle patented feature by which the various filters ,are distinguished from each other. The featui-es distinguishing this system from all others are principally four: First. — Filtration in open tanks under gravity pressure. Sec- ond. — Filtration through a thin twenty-inch bed made possible by this low pressure. Third. — The cleansing of the filter bed by the mechanical rotary agitator under a reversed flow of water. Fourth. — The use of a set- tling basin for the two distinct purposes of sedimentation and, wherever needed, of perfect coagulation. In presenting this system to the public, the company are confident that it meets the requirements more simply and effectually than any other that has yet been introduced, and that it is the only system whose cost will render it available for the large demands of paper makers, or for the public water supply of cities and towns. Among the filter plants erected by this company may be named those for S. D. Warren & Co., Cixmberland Mills, Me.; Orrs & Co. Troy, N. Y. ; Glen Manufacturing Company, Berlin Falls, N. H. ; Hollingworth & Vose, East Walpole, Mass. ; Fox River Paper Co., Appleton, Wis.; Cushnoc Fiber Co., Augusta, Me.; Orono Pulp & Paper Co., Bangor, Me.; Oshkosh Water Co., Oshkosh, Wis.; Centralia Pulp & Water Power Co., Centralia, Wis.; F. W. Bird & Son, East Walpole, Mass.; Haverhill Paper Company, Haverhill, Mass.; Eastern Manufacturing Company, Bangor, Me. ; while they have others in different parts of the country, making over one hundred in all, the smallest of which have a ca- pacity of two hvmdred and fifty thousand gallons per day. The beginning of the enterprise was modest indeed, but by virtue of its excellence and utility over all others the Warren Filter has pushed its way into prominence and popu- larity from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and has the hearty endorsement of all its users. President Warren is the manager of the great paper mills of S. D. Warren & Co., at Cumberland Mills, Me., and is to be congratulated upon the results achieved through his genius and perseverance as an inventor. The vice-president, Mr. Mason, is a mem- ber of the paper firm named ; as is aL^o Mr. Fiske Warren, the treasurer. Mr. Nye, the manager here, is a gentleman of business experience and reliability, with whom it will be found both pleasant and profitable to deal. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITEEATUEE. 93 H. CUMMINGS & CO., Flour and Commission Mercliants, No. 224 State Street.— Tlie firm of Messrs. C. H. Cummiugs & Co. was establislied in 1S56, placiug it among tlie oldest flour and commission houses in the city. Since that date Mr. Cummings has had several partners, but there has been no change in the firm style. The present partnership was formed four years ago by the admission of Mr. Hiram Johnson, who has had an experience of thirty years in the flour business and is well and favorably known to the trade. Fur twenty years past the firm have been agents for the Washburn, Crosby Co., Minnesota Flour Mills, and they also represent a number of other well known flouring mills. The sales of the house are about fifty thousand barrels per year of the Washburn, Crosby Co.'s goods, and the same amount, in the aggregate, from other mills. They receive flour in car lots and sell to the jobbers, having a large trade with all parts of New England. Their office is on the second floor at No. 224 State Street; Mr. Cummings is a menber of ■Chamber of Commence. Both the partners are Bostoniaus by birth. Clarendon Street. «i^j|||jCSCEOLA CONSOLIDATED MINING COMPANY, Office, No. 199 Washington Street.— There is no Wfafi^&k section of the mineral regions of the United States where such favorable prospects and results attend Ky^^RfiSH the operations of the copper mines as in the state of Michigan. Immense fortunes have already been '§«iS|hB^ '^^'^® "- *'''^ region, and with skilled guidance and sufficient capital to introduce improved machinery tS-lirfiJ'5*^ and properly develop the best properties so as to secure abundance of rich ores, the prospects are eminently favorable to investors. One of the ablest and most conservatively conducted corporations engaged in copper mining in Michigan is the Osceola Consolidated Mining Company, whose main office is located at No. 199 Washington Street. This company was incorporated in 1873, under the laws of the state of Michigan, and has a capital stock of $1,2.50,000, and is officered as follows, viz.: President, A. S. Bigelow; secretary and treasurer, Thos. Nelson; superintendent, .lohn Daniell. Directors: John N. Denison, Albert S. Bigelow, Gustav Stellwag, Leonard Lewisohn, Charles Van Brunt, John Daniell. The record made by this company is one of which any mining corpo- ration might well be proud. Their receipts up to January 1, 1891, showed a total of S]0,049,.500.40, from which expenses amounting to §9,830,879.89 must be deducted, leaving a net income of $218,620.51. They have paid divi- dends amounting to $1,497,500.00, while an improvement is noted in the quality of the rock handled, a reduction has been made in the cost of mining, and each year shows an increase in the quantity of the output. Everything therefore points to still larger dividends, and those who desire to fully investigate this opening for solid, legitimate mining investment should visit the company's office or send for a copy of the report of the officers. Its stock is dividad into 50,000 shares at $25.00 each, and the same is held by leading capitalists and investors in this city and elsewhere. With its expert and faithful management, this company insures a very large return on its cajjital. 94 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, OOMMEEOE AND LITEEATURE. OUNG'S HOTEL, Court Square, Court Street, Court Avenue, J. R. Whipple & Co., Proprietors. It is gen- erally admitted in the best circles of Boston society that the g-reatest consummation of hospitable ideas with practical business methods and marked ability of management is embodied in " Young's " above and beyond any other hotel in the city. It is so intimately and prominently interv70ven -with the growth and development of Boston, and so linked with the names of great men — statesmen, diplomats, politicians, authors, actors, educators and famous personages of Europe and America — thatjin this sketch of its advan- tages as the leading hotel of Boston no historical review is necessary. Suffice it to say, the travelers of fifty and sixty years ago knew it as Taft's Coffee House, and it was in 1845 that Mr. George Young came into control and gave it its present name. In 1876 Messrs. Hall & Whipple became proprietors, and were also running the Adams House. In 1884 they dissolved partnership, and Mr. J. Reed Whipple became sole proprietor of Young's. It early proved a magnet to the best people of the land, and under Mr. Whipple's management its success has been unprecedented in the history of hotel entei-prises in this city. Possessed of a foundation understanding of the needs and desires of the public, he united marked executive capacity, sound judgment and unflagging energy, and, surrounding himself with a corps of partners and coadjutors of experience and ability, he has made Young's of to- day more popular than ever, enjoying the most extensive patronage, probably, of any hotel in Boston. Since 1875 Mr. Whipple has been obliged to enlarge the hotel no less than four times. It now comprises three connecting buildings, constructed of freestone, thoroughly fireproof, and containing two hundred and fifty rooms for guests. Its location is excellent. Directly central to the best business houses, the Post Office, City Hall, Court House, thea- ters and churches, and convenient of access from the steamships, steamboats, railway depots and street cars, it is the best house alike for the fastidious tourist, the commercial traveler and the transient guest. It is thoroughly at- tractive throughout, richly furnished, artistically decorated, and fitted with all modern improvements, including two' passenger elevators, steam heat, electric lights, annunciators, repeating call bells, and everything in any way condu- cive to the comfort and welfare of guests. The house is conducted on the popular European plan, single rooms varying from $1 to $8 per day, and double rooms or those en suite from $2 to $12 per day, while the cuisine of Young's is justly renowned. Some twenty-flve hundred people. dine here daily, while among the numerous and prominent political and social clubs that dine here regularly are the Massachusetts Club, New England Club, Nor- folk Club, Middlesex Club, Essex Club, Paint and Oil Trade Club, as well as various college societies. Its lobby is the favorite resort of the " powers " that preside over the destinies of the city and the State — albeit though it may be " behind the throne " — and the best review of Boston's nptabilities can be had within its corridors when the po- litical ball is rolling. Many a newspaper man has secured his best bon mots and most important articles of infor- mation within its walls. Its registers are eloquent with the names of departed notables such as Sumner, Wilson, Andrew, Bullock, Lowell, Phillips, and other Massachusetts men, as well as others now living whose influence is as potent in affairs of state. Young's may, in truth, be considered as the embodiment of those methods, principles and associations which ever attract the patronage of the leaders of the social, political and financial world. Such a hotel as Young's has the population of a small village. Yet its guests have extraordinary fare and every comfort. Humanity is catered for by wholesale, yet at the same time each individual guest receives as much attention as if he had one whole hotel to himself. It is this combination of large general figures with the closest attention to minute details which forms the chief problem of the hotel keeper arid constitutes the real mystery of hotel keeping. Many persons would infer that the expense of tarrying at Young's would be enormous, but it is not so, for, consid- ering the accommodations, the exclusiveness and quiet of the place, with its surroundings and desirable location, and the service and attention one receives, the rates are extremely moderate. It is patronized not only by people of great wealth, but by well-to-do persons of culture and refinement. Everybody is treated exactly alike and with the same affable attention, whether they be millionaires or in moderate circumstances. Young's is not only an inn but a home. There is not one room, from the lowest to the topmost floor, that is not like ^ beautiful apartment in a sumptuous home. The walls are decorated with the finest works of art, the beds are delicious resting jjlaces and as daintily equipped as any couch in the palace of a millionaire. Tlrere are no frayed and dusty carpets, no worn and threadbare upholstery, no bedspreads and blankets eloquent with the record of the departed; everything is fresh and tasty; alike appealing to physical enjoyment and Eesthetic taste. One can, at Young's, combine the ease of boarding with the content and comfort of a well-ordered and beautiful home, while the house is admitted by all who have investigated the matter to be without a superior as regards ventilation, as the air is nowhere tainted by sewer gas or other disagreeable odor. The proprietors are liberal caterers, believing in the best and plenty of it, and their table is unexcelled in the country. Their wine cellars contain one of the largest and choicest assortments of fine wines to be found anywhere in America. The supplies of brandy, liqueurs, cordials, etc, necessarily kept here would stock several sample rooms of ordinary size. As to size, fireproof qualities, sanitary conditions, sun- light and ventilation. Young's Hotel has no superior and few equals on the continent. A word as to its manage- ment. In 1889 the firm of J. R. Whipple & Co. was organized by the admission to partnership with Mr. J. R. Whipple of Messrs. J. B. Whipple, W.H. La Pointe, R. F. Ford. C. I. Lindsay and C. M. Hart. The honored head of the house the same year secured control of the Parker House in this city, of wliich he was steward for six years previous> to becoming part proprietor of Young's. Of tlie many successful hotel men of the country there are few endowed with the enterprise, pluck and peculiar qualifications to manage two such Irostelries as Young's and Parker's, while to invest the requisite capital requires not only nerve but special adaptation to the business, and an extensive acquaint- ance at home and abroad. Mr. Whipple is known to possess all the above qualifications, while he is fortunate in his co-partners at Young's, every one of whom is a master of some special department in this grand carstvansary. With their knowledge, resources, facilities and thousand and one conveniences, this firm undertakes to do every- thing for their guests except to clothe them and pay their bills. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 95 |OSTON LEAD MAjSTUFACTURING COMPANY, Mauufacturers of White Lead and Zinc, Etc., Office No. 162 Coiinress and Nos. 180 and 182 Franklin Sti-eets. — The Boston Lead Manufacturing Company is prominently and popularly identified with the production of the liighest grade of white lead known to the trade, and its name is a veritable trade-mark for purity, durability and superior excellence in that line of goods. This company was incorporated in 1879, under the laws of the State of Massachu- setts, with a capital of $450,000, as successors to the Boston Lead Company which was organized in 1829. The main offices of the company are at Nos. 162 Congress and 180 and 182 Franklin Streets, while their works are located in Boston Highlands and are the largest of their kind in New England. The outijut comprises white lead and zinc, dry and ground in oil; red lead and litharge, lead pipe and sheet lead, patent tin-lined pipe, pure block tin pipe, copper and iron pumps. The company has a cash capital of sufficient size and ample facilities for conducting all branches of their business under the most favorable auspices and upon the largest scale. The officers and directors are as follows: President, Samuel Little; Treasurer, William J. Bride; Directors: Samuel Little, Phineas B. Smith, Alonzo W. Folsom, Chas. M. Clapp, Jacob Pfaff, Wm. P. Hunt and Thomas F. Temple. The foundation of the remarkable success achieved by this house lies undoubtedly in the complete knowledge of the business possessed by the management, which has always recognized the fact that the closest supervision over the smallest detail of factory "work is as important as over business transactions of greater magnitude. They undertook at the outset to manufacture goods of a superior quality, and to keep the product at the very highest .standard of quality and purity. From this policy the management has never wavered, and it is but little to say that under its present able manage- ment this house is certain to maintain the ascendancy in the future which it has ever held in the past, in this important and valuable industry. The wants of all patrons are met in every instance with unexampled promptness and satisfaction, while the officers and directors are experienced and reliable business men, whose high standing in commercial and trade circles places them far beyond the requirements of any pA-aise which these pages could bestow. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. |OHN I . BKOWJvT & SONS, Chemists and Manufacturers of Brown's Bronoliial Troches for Coughs, Colds, Bronchitis, Hoarseness, Asthma, Catarrh, Etc., Nos. 185 Summer Streetand 33 Fariingdon Road, London. — Brown's Bronchial Troches have become kuown for their great excellence and efficacy from one end of the world to the other. They have been on the market for some fifty years, and their record is unequaled as a cure for coughs, colds, bronchitis, hoarseness, asthma, catarrh, etc. The foundation of this business was laid about the year 1765, by Stephen Thayer, as a druggist, on Washington Street. Mr. John I. Brown was apprenticed to the house to learn the drug business, and succeeded to the control of the business. The business premises were destroyed by fire in 1873, since which date the present site has been occupied. The great resources and unequaled facilities at hand for the systematic and successful prosecution of the business enable the Messrs. Brown to meet promptly every demand of their widespread trade, which reaches to all parts of the civ- ilized world and is constantly on the increase, owing to the superiority, reliability and uniform excellence of their productions. Brown's Bronchial Troches are unqualifiedly the best remedy yet introduced to the public for coughs, colds, hoarseness, bronchitis and all diseases of the throat and lungs, and are invaluable for public speakers and singers. The house supplies jobbers in quantities to suit, at short notice, and places all transactions on a liberal and satisfactory basis. The Messrs. Brown are native Bostonians, in the active prime of life, and accounted among the representative manufacturers of the city, possessing the requisite energy to maintain the supremacy long enjoyed by this old and honorable house in its important field of usefulness. P' r p' c El E a 'r r r r r,l li ril. C. CHASE & CO., Manufacturers of Horse Clothing and Carriage Robes, Velours and Plushes, No. 129 Washington Street. — The elements of commercial success are seldom found in happier combina- tion than in tlie case of the house of L. C. Chase & Co., who, as manufacturers of horse clothing and > carriage robes, velours and plushes, have secured for their goods such wide celebrity, coupled with a trade of great and growing magnitude. This old and honored house was founded in 1857 by Messrs. L. C. and H. F. Chase, under the firm name of L. C. Chase & Co. In 1869, Mr. John Hopewell, .Jr. was admitted to partnership, and in 1879 Messrs. O. F. Kendall and Frank Hopewell also became partners. In 1880 the Messrs. Chase retired from the firm, since which date the remaining partners liave continued the business under the original firm name. The business premises comprise three fioors, 75 x 100 feet, and one floor 200 x 100 feet, all of which splendid floor space is utilized for trade purposes at Nos. 125 to 129 Washington Street. They also have large storehouses on Hanover and Portland Streets for surplus stock. They give employment in this city to one hundred and fifty skilled hands in the manu- facture of horse sheets, fly nets, light dusters and horse goods for general summer wear. They also handle the entire product of the Troy Mills, Troy, N. H. of which L. C. Chase & Co. are heavy stockholders; also the entire product of the Sanford Mills, Sanford, Me., of which Mr. John Hopewell, Jr., is treasurer, and Mr. Frank Hopewell is assistant treas- urer, and where nine hundred hands are constantly employed, and have introduced the most popular original shades and patterns extant, so that the attractive array of these goods to be seen in their spacious salesrooms is sufficient evidence of the artistic taste and culture brought to bear upon the busi- ness. Here is displayed at all times a mammoth stock of horse blankets, carriage robes, velours and plushes, and all kinds of horse clothing, which is adapted to every class of trade throughout the United States. Quality has ever been the first consideration of this firm in the selection of all materials and in the production of their specialties, and they are recognized as authority in everything appertaining to this branch of trade, having successfully solved several problems insur- ing greater efficiency and security in their goods. The substantial inducements offered by this firm both as to qual- ity and price have had their natural result, and the trade of the house is thoroughly national in extent and eminently creditable in character. Branch offices are operated at No. 338 Broadway, New York, and No. 260 Fifth Avenue, Chicago; also another at San Francisco, and the house is represented upon the road by a corps of talented salesmen. The business aggregates over two million dollars per year, and is an important factor in retaining to Boston its due share of national trade supremacy. The copartners are all Massachusetts men by birth and train- ing, members of the Home Market Club and the Boston Merchants' Association, and accounted among that class of public-spirited, energetic young business men who build up great enterprises in every avenue of commerce and trade BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 97 ilcCLINTOCK & WOODFALL, Civil Enoineers, No. 23 Coui-t Street.— The profession of a civil engineer is one of great icsponsibility, requiring superior ability, coupled with large practical experience. Standing amongst the foremost in this profession in Boston, by common consent, is the firm of Messrs. McClintock & Woodfall, whose oiEces are located at No. 23 Court Street. The co- partners, Messrs. W. E. McClintock and J. L. Woodfall, are able and expert engineers and surveyors, fully conversant with every detail and feature of their profession. Mr. McClintock has pursued the business of civil engineering since 1867, while Mr. Woodfall's experience dates back to 1883. They organized the present firm in April, 1890, and their services are in constant and important requisition in this and other cities. The fidelity and accuracy manifested by this responsible firm has been generally recognized, while their fame rests upon a lengthy and successful career. They are intrusted with the most important public and private work in their line in Boston and throughout New Englaud, and wherever their ability is brought into play their reputation is extended and confirmed as leaders of their profession. They have made surveys for the sewer systems in the towns of Westfield, Revere, Gardner, East Hampton and Natiok, in Massachusetts; for Bath and Calais, Maine, and St. Stephens and Milltown, New Brunswick; and made the roads and streets for Claremont, New Hampshire, and for Danvers, Med- •ford, Melrose, AVakefield, Spencer, Whitman and Boston, in Massachusetts. They operate two steam rollers of fifteen tons each, and have unsurpassed facilities for macadamizing streets and roads; while they also contract for school house ventilating, and promptly undertake geodetic and topographical surveys and plans of cities, towns, villages and farms, and measurements of grading, brick and stone work ; also, give particular attention to the sub-division of large properties into building lots, and to .jury plans in road and other cases. Mr. McClintock is a native of Maine, and a prominent resident of Chelsea, Massachusetts. He was a member of the Government Coast Survey for eight years, was city engineer for Chelsea ten years, made the survey of the city of Boston for the State of Massachusetts in 1877 and '79, and was for some time with the Boston and Maine Railroad Company and re-located all their lines in the State of Massachusetts. He is a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, and vice-president of the Boston Society Civil Engineers, and stands deservedly high in both social professional and business life. Mr. Woodfall is a native of Lynn, Mass., a graduate of the Dartmouth Scientific School, and a conscientious, painstaking and progressive member of the engineering profession, combining his energy and vigor with the ripe experience of Mr. McClintock to form a firm of commanding influence wide popularity and solid worth. fcjQDTQN PhDTOQRAVURE Co Dock Sqttare BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATURE. HE HANFORD-STAjSTFORD COMPANY, No. 603 Sears Building.— The system of cooling liquids by aeration is essentially a modern institution, of quite recent origin, but it has become so indispensable to the brewing industry that it is a matter of wonder how they have managed to exist so long with- out it. The leader in the introduction of this system in Boston is the Hanford-Stanford Company which has patented devices for cooling and aerating beer in tubs or wort receivers. Tlie object of the Hanford-Stanford apparatus is to place the hot beer in a surface cooler in the form of a spray and to utilize every possible foot of the cooler surface for two reasons; first, to get a thorough hot aeration by so dividing the atom- izers that the cooler is well covered, and avoiding intermingling of the spray; secondly greatly increased cooling BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 99 efEect. After five years' practical work in this one branch of the brewing art, this company place befoi-e the trade the result of their experience, as shown in the present excellent apparatus. They guarantee a saving of fifty per cent, in time of cooling, a large saving in refrigerating liquids and water, an improved yeast and fermentation, and a resulting beer of better keeping qualities than by the present method. It shows the highly beneficial efEect of a. hot aeration upon beer, and the resulting yeast is of first-class fermenting power, cells large, uniform, settling quickly and proving conclusively that oxygen is of the first importance in the formation and perpetuation of a healthy yeast Reference is made to the following among the many using this apparatus, to wit: The Bergner & Engel Brewing Company, Philadelphia; Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association, St. Louis; E. F. HaiienrefEer & Co., Frank Jones Brewing Company, Boston; Jacob Ruppert, Peter Doelger, Wm. A. Miles Brewing Company, the Consumers Brewing Company [Limited], the John Kress Brewing Company, New York City; Prospect Brewing Company, Chr. Schmidt, Class & Naohod Brewing Company, F. A. Poth, Arnholdt & Schsefer Brewing Company, Philadelphia; Budweiser Brewing Company, Long Island Brewing Company, Brooklyn; P. Schoenhofen Brewing Company, Ernst Fecker Brewing Company, McAvoy Brewing Company, Ernst Bros. United States Branch Brewing Company; Wacker & Birk, Chicago; Chr. Moerlein Brewing Company, Cincinnati; the National Brewing Com- pany; Geo. Bauernschmidt Brewing Company, Baltimore; Jos. Hensler Brewing Company, Newark, N. J.; Chr. Heurich Brewing Company, Washington, D. C. ; Quinnipiac Brewing Company, New Haven, Conn.; Wm. Peter Brewing Company, Union Hill, N. J. The president, Mr. Hanford, and the general manager, Mr. Stanford, are the inventors of the apparatus and give their close personal attention to the promotion of the best interests of the company. Under its present management the continued success and permanent prosperity.of the company is well assured. , ILECTRIC GAS LIGHTING COMPANY, Manufacturers of Electric Gas Lighting Apparatus and Electrical Goods in General, No. 195 Devonshire Street. — Within five years electricity has accomplished more than the steam engine did in half a century. Prominent among the corporations which are the legitimate out- growth of the wonderful application of electricity in the service of man should be named the Electric Gas Lighting Company of this city, whose office and salesroom are located at No. 195 Devonshire Street, with factory at No. 173 same street. This company is the recognized representative of all that is best, safest and most advanced in the field of domestic electrical appliances. It was incorporated in 1882, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $250,000, and is officered as follows, viz. : President, Joseph S. Fay; Vice- President and General Manager, Louis W. Burnham; Treasurer, William W. Burnham; Secretary, Arthur Drew; Corporation Clerk, J. Frank Lang; Board of directors : Joseph S. Fay, Boston, Mass.; Francis C. Foster, Cambridge, Mass. ; Ezekiel G. Byam, Boston, Mass.; John Hopewell, Jr., Boston, Mass. ; Alvan A. Sweet, Newton, Mass. ; Jacob M. Haskell, Boston, Mass.; Louis W. Burnham, Boston, Mass. The company are extensive manufacturers, importers and wholesale dealers in electrical house, hotel, church, theater and office furnishings, including call bells, annun- ciators, electric gas lighting apparatus, frictional lighting goods, electro-mechanical gongs, electric door locks and openers, cut-outs, small electro motors, batteries and battery materials; also sole manufacturing agents for the United States of the celebrated "Samson" (French) battery. Also general electrical goods, such as bell outfits, magneto and extension bells, fire alarm and burglar alarm supplies, electro-medical apparatus, fine electrical and telegraph instx-uments and supplies, insulated wires and cables, electric light and line supplies, etc., etc. It has (japtured the newest inventions and most valuable patents that cover the system of electric gas lighting, its latest acquisition being the A. L. Bogart patents, purchased in 1891, and their specialties are now recognized as possess- ing elements of superiority found in no other similar inventions. The United States courts have recently decided that their ratchet-wheel, hand-lighting gas burners are protected by letters patent, which security will encourage the constant improvement of the property by the company, and enable them to give the trade the benefit of uni- form prices. Their other specialties include billiard table burners, gasoline gas lighting apparatus, luminous gas lighting goods, the dynamo gas lighter, wires for electric gas lighting uses, multiple gas lighting apparatus, fric- tional machines and jump spark burners, flash lighting burners, the "Star" electro-mechanical gong, the " Brodie " limited alarm bell, the "Lane" monitor bell, magneto and extension bells, the " Tirrell " gravity drop and the "Hub" needle annunciators, the burglar alarm annunciator, the Thaxter electric lock, the electric door opener, electric alarm matting, burglar alarm door and window springs, electro-medical batteries, battery chemicals and supplies, pocket galvanometers, electricians' pocket tool kit, miniature incandescent lamps, toy motors, the electric alarm clock, the Manhattan telephone, insulated wires and cables, etc. The trade is promptly supplied in quantities to suit, and a fine, growing trade is enjoyed in Boston, New York, Brooklyn, Philadelphia, Chicago, St. Louis, Baltimore, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Pittsburg, Buffalo, Washington, Louisville, Deti-oit, Milwau- kee, Providence, Kansas City, St. Paul, Minneapolis, Atlanta, Denver, San Francisco, Omaha, Memphis, Nashville, Toledo, Albany, Troy, Worcester, Springfield, Lowell, Lawrence and other cities of the Union. President Fay and General Manager Burnham are gentlemen of executive ability. Conservative, yet progressive, they have ever retained the confidence of our leading financial and commercial circles, and are conspicuously successful in this great enterprise. Treasurer Burnham and Secretary Drew are also competent officials, while the entire board of officers and directors are doing all in their power to perf Sbt and extend the most complete system of electric gas lighting known. 100 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. EW ENGLAND MUTUAL ACCIDENT ASSOCIATION, Office, Gushing Building, No. 85 Water Street, Rooms 33, 34, 35 and 36. — Fate and cliance are tlie two uncontrollable factors in every man's life. Struggle as he may, be prudent as he can, the unknown events of the future bear down upon him with resistless force, and in a second he may be swept away to a violent death or meet with serious and disabling injuries. It is estimated that yearly one in six of the human race becomes the victim of accidental injury in one form or another; and in this active age, bristling with the dangers of rapid tran- sit, electric currents, lofty buildings, more frequent sea voyages and the thou- sand and one complications of civilization, how necessary it is to exercise the utmost prudence. In this connection we would advise our i-eaders to investigate the inducements offered by the New England Mutual Accident Association, whose liome ofiSce is located at No. So Water Street. This association was organized in 1SS4, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts and is the largest and most successful accident insurance association in New England, doing business in twenty-two different States of the Union, with a large membership and cash assets in proportion. The " New England " provides every desirable feature offered by its com- petitors, besides the following liberal and distinctive features not possessed by other companies. It extends its benefits to all <^^^^ desirable risks, thus securing the greatest possible strengtli and broadening the field of its labors and usefulness. The rating is arranged so as to make the cost as nearly as possible the same under each classification, while pay- ments may be varied to equalize the apportionment. Each classification is thus made practically self-sustaining, while the association insures absolute protection, liberal indemnity, and all valid claims are promptly paid. Under able and honorable executive management the association has made an enviable record and is extending its benef- icent influence to all parts of the country. Its cash assets January 1, 1891, were $46,714.32; amount of insurance in force, over $37,000,000.00. The officers and directors of the association are as follows : President, Hon. Augustus P. Martin, Boston, Mass., of Messrs. A. P. Martin & Co., ex-mayor of the city of Boston, and former president New England Shoe and Leather Association; Vice-President, Charles E. Carpenter, Providence, R.I., Messrs. Earl Carpenter & Sons; Vice-President, Benjamin H. Ticknor, Boston, Mass., of Messrs. Ticknor & Co., publishers; Sec- retary and General Manager, Benjamin F. Dyer, Melrose, Mass., Treasurer, Sylvester S. Coats, Melrose,iMass. ; Medi- cal Director, John A. FoUett, M. D., Boston, Mass. Other directors: Wilham A. Robinson, New Bedford and Providence, of Messrs. W. A. Robinson & Co. ; Henry H. Earl, Fall River, Mass. ; William R. Gray, Boston, Mass. ; F. J. Moore, superintendent of agencies and manager claim department. These gentlemen form an official board which commands the respect and confidence of the public generally, and assures the perpetuity of the organization. On account of the fact that with business and professional men disability is more frequently of a partial nature than that of those engaged in more hazardous occupations, it very frequently happens that under the ordinary form of policy issued by nearly all accident companies the insured is not entitled to recover for entire loss of time sustained m consequence of an accidental injury, the right to recover being limited to the period of total dinabilUy. In other words, the ordinary contracts fall short of securing to the insured the full measure of what is desired, which IS, undoubtedly, indemnity for actual loss of time sustained, regardless of whether disabiUty be total or par- tial. Realizing this fact, the "New England" has recently introduced a form of policy known as the "Ideal," which IS original with the "New England," and issued only by this Association. It is deservedly popular with business and professional men, and secures to the insured indemnity for entire loss of time sustained by accidental injury up to fifty-two weeks. The advantages of the "Ideal," form of policy will be readily appreciated by the following comparison: Weekly Indemnity as Provided by the Ordinary' Policy : Right to recover, limited to the period of time during which the insured is wholly disabled from performing anv and every kind of business pertaining to his occupation. Weekly In-demnity as Provided by the " Ideal " Policy Original with the " New England:" Right to recover indemnity for actual loss of time necessarily sustained, whether disability be total or partial. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ]ULLER, HARDING & CO ., Bankers, No. 60 Devonsliire Street. — Boston lias long been a leading center in this country for banking and stock operations, and the transactions daily carried on in this line con- .stitute an important factor in the advancement of the city's financial strength and prosperity. A suc- cessful firm engaged in this line of enterprise is that of Messrs. Fuller, Harding & Co., bankers and brokers, whose office is at No. 60 Devonshire Street. The firm sustains an excellent reputation and has first-class connections vrlth the financial centers of the country. Their New York correspondents are John H. Davis & Co. The business of this favorably known house was established in ISSS by the present firm, the copartners being Messrs. Wirt X. Fuller and Theo. P. Harding, both natives of Boston, and experienced, energetic business men. Mr. Fuller was for a time engaged with S. Westcott & Son, leather dealers, afterwards becoming a member of the banking firm of Cord ley, Young & Fuller. Mr. Harding, who was with the latter firm, is a member of the Boston Stock Exchange, and has had ten years' valuable experience in his vocation. The firm have a private wire to New York, their office is equipped with stock tickers, and the latest news of the financial world is always at their command. They carry on a general business in buying and selling, and carrying on margin stocks of all kinds listed on the exchanges, also handle investment securities and first-class commercial paper, and negotiate loans, etc. All transactions are intelligently directed, and customers liave their interest advanced in the most substantial way possible. /A,y6.^^e-£i,. BoYLSTON Street, prom Copley Sqcabe. A.LTER R. MORSE & CO., Manufacturers' Agents, Converters of Cotton Goods and Dry Goods Com- mission, No. 290 Devonshire Street.— Among the commercial enterprises of this city there are none which occupy a more prominent position in relation to the general thrift than that in which the house of Walter R. Morse & Co., is engaged,— the firm being manufacturers' agents, converters of cotton goods, and dry goods commission merchants. The business of this now widely known concern was organized many years ago by John A. D. Gross & Co., and five years since Mr. Walter R. Morse succeeded to the business, becoming sole proprietor in 1SS7, since which he has conducted operations under the present firm name. The premises occupied comprise two spacious floors, 2.5 x 100 feet in dimensions, excellently arranged with every convenience for the manipulation of goods, and all facilities for the systematic dispatch of "the active trade supplied. The firm are agents for wadding, batting, twine, wicks, wicking and scrim manufacturers, and are also converters of cotton piece goods, selling to the jobbing trade exclusively. The trade supplied extends to all parts of tlie United States. Mr. Morse is a native of Boston, has always resided here, and is popular in every circle where he is known. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATURE. 'jTIMPSON, LITTLEFIELD & CO., Commission Merchants, Nos. 64 and 66 N. Market and 3 and s North Streets. — An example of the attainments that are possible by a wise combina- tion of energy and enterprise, with a thorough knowledge of the business, is to be seen in the success achieved by the well-known house of Messrs. Stimpson, Littlefield & Co., commission merchants in Produce, Poultry and Game, at Nos. 64 and 66 N. Market and 3 and 5 North Street. This representative house was founded in 1865, by Mr. J. F. Littlefield, and in 1890 his interests were consoli- dated with those of Mr. W. H. Stimpson, who had been a member of the firm of Stimpson, Murray & Co. since 1879 ; and the present firm was organized. They make a specialty of poultry and game all the year round and southern fruit and country produce in the summer ; and their business has grown to a magni- tude that is equaled by but few houses in the same line in the city. Their spacious and well-equipped premises have become a regular exchange market for all goods in their line. Every convenience is provided for receiving, storing and delivering the heavy consignments of goods handled, including ample cold storage on the premises and large warehouse accommodations at No. 55 Fulton Street. The extensive business they now control, with connections in all parts of the United States, is a substantial tribute to the energy and good judgment of the management; and their total sales in 1890 aggregated over half a million dollars. They refer to the Fourth National Bank of Boston, the Boston Fruit & Produce Exchange, and to any Mercantile Agency in the country ; while to those consigning goods in their line to Boston we can say with entire candor that no house anywhere can do better for them than the above firm ; while purchasers will find here the very goods wanted and all orders will receive prompt and careful, atten- tion. Mr. Stimpson is a native of Boston, a member of the A. F. and A. M., I. O. O. F., the K. of H., the A. O. of U. W., the Royal Arcanum and the K. T. ; while Mr. Littlefield was born in Maine and came to Boston in 1856. Both gentlemen are members of the Chamber of Commerce and share the esteem and confidence of the entire trade. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 103 UO WNGSTON ST. '-= -^ The originators of the manufacture of wrappers aud aprons in New Eng- land were Messrs. Richardson, Howe & Lovejoy, whose estahlishment is lo- ^cated at No. 120 Kingston Street. This firm began business in 1876 on Avon Street, con- tinuing there three years when they re- moved to 42 Chaun- cy Street, where they remained until 1889, when a re- moval to the pres- H.B.CLAFLIN CO ent address was effected. Here they occupy a floor having an area of 20,800 square feet, one-third of which space is used for wareroom purposes, the other two-thirds for a manufactory, where two hundred hands are empioyed. The firm also have a factory at Gloucester, Mass., where they employ one hundred and ten hands. They main- tained a branch establishment at No. 338 Broadway, New York, until January 1st, 1892, where they located themselves with the H. B. Claflin Co. This is not only the first concern, but the largest of the kind in New Eng- land. Tlie trade, which is exclusively wholesale, extends all over the United States, and is steadily increasing in volume. The firm manufacture a general line of wrappers, ladies' cotton underwear, aprons, etc., all of superior quality, well-made and durable. A very heavy stock is at all times carried, and orders are filled upon the most favorable terms. The members of the firm are Messrs. Henry Richardson, Henry P. Howe and Herbert M. Love- joy. Mr. Richardson is a native of Dedham, Mass., Mr. Howe of New York, Mr. Lovejoy of New Hampshire. They have long resided in Boston, and are prominently known in commercial and social circles. ST^^^ETTINGELL, ANDREWS CO., Electric Light Supplies and Electric Railway Supplies, Nos. 192-202 Sum- iSt^^^^» ™^r Street. — There are numerous manufacturing establishments represented in Boston that maintain an active trade and do a large annual business in their respective lines of goods, hut it is only here and there that we find a great representative concern, alert to avail itself of every method and every inven- tion which can in any way tend to improve the quality or extend the field of usefulness for its goods. The growth and development of such concerns cannot be gauged by the general run of trade. They are on a differ- ent plan, and fill a sphere of usefulness of the widest extent with the largest consumers of its specialties for perma^ nent customers. An apt illustration is afforded by the Pettingell, Andrews Company, of Nos. 192 to 202 Summer Street. This company are extensive manufacturers of, and dealers in electric light and electric railway supplies of every description, and are especially prominent as sole New England agents for the Okonite Co. of New York and London, manufacturers of Okonite wires and cables, also, for Lang, Wharton & Downs, of London, electrical supplies; and the Economic Electric Co. of Boston, lamp manufacturers. The business was originally established in 1888, by Messrs. Pettingell, Andrews & Co., and in June, 1890, the present company was incorporated, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $200,000, and with P. E. Pettingell, president; D. A. Andrews, Jr., vice-president; D. A. Andrews, treasurer; C. B. Price, secretary. When the friction of competition rules more closely than ever, as is the case to-day, it is only those who have full confidence in their resources who can possibly come to the front. The great and gratifying success already achieved by this company is due not only to its influential connections and ample resources, but also to the knowledge of all details and processes possessed by its officers. They are practical men at the business, and give it the benefit of their close personal attention. They handle all makes and kinds of electrical supplies, and for standard and reliable productions in this line they challenge competition. They have become especially prominent in furnishing electric railway supplies, and among their patrons in New England may be mentioned among others, the Newburyport & Amesbury Electric Railway Co., the Springfield Street Rail- way Co., the Holyoke Street Railway Co., the Gloucester Street Railway Co., the Concord Street Railway Co., the Bangor Street Railway Co., and the West End Street Railway Co., of Boston. The company also ship large quanti- ties of supplies to South America, Mexico, England and Canada, as well as to all parts of the United States, and are the owners of the H. E. Swift Manufacturing Co. of Boston. All orders receive immediate and careful attention, and the company is recognized as an important factor in the electrical field. The officers are well and favorably- known in Boston as enterprising and reliable business men, of marked executive ability and sterling personal worth, under whose guidance the permanent prosperity of this company is well assured. 104 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. LOTHROP COMPANY, Publishers, Nos. 364 and 366 Washington Street.— Mr. Daniel Lothrop, the I founder, and head of the firm which bears his name, is one of the N"ew Hampshire boys who have done so much to build up the prosperity and the honor of Massachusetts. He was born in Rochester, K. H., August 11, 1S31. On the paternal side, he is descended from Mark Lothrop, who settled in Salem, in 1648, his line subsequently joining that of Priscilla and John Alden of "the Mayflower." On the mater- nal side, his ancestry dates from William Home of Home's Hill, Dover, N. H. He was a diligent student, being a remarkable mathematician, and having a most retentive memory. He was ready to enter college when he was fourteen, but wise friends ad- vised him to wait a year in order that his physique might be brought up to his intellectual growth; and during this time, cir- cumstances thrust him into the arena of business, where he now exerts one of the broadest influences of any of Boston's mer- chants; an influence which penetrates the life of our whole people, and has made known his name and work to the entire English speaking world. With inexhaustible energy and great exec- utive and financial ability, he has built up the well-known publish- ing house of the D. Lothrop Co. , gradually maturhig his plans for his life's cam- paign—the publication of wholesome books for all. In 1850, Mr. Lothrop bought out a bookstore in Dover, N. H., which soon became one of the largest in New England, and the literary center of the town, a favorite meeting-place of bright and educated men and women, alive to the questions of the day. In 1868, he began his publishing business in Boston, being a pioneer, and more than a pioneer — a discoverer of the vast pos- sibilities of a literature distinctively cre- ated for young people. The seeds which he scattered with a generous hand, on what had been regarded as a barren field, soon brought forth a bounteous harvest. And from this point onward, the devel- opment of juvenile taste, and the pros- perous growth of the publishing house of Lothrop, have been so intimate, that it is impossible to contemplate one without measuring the other. Success attending his unflagging efforts, Mr. Lothrop now offered liberal prizes for manuscripts; new blood was thus introduced into the veins of the old literary life. And with it came a marvellous change in this class of publications, for the head of the house was indefatigable in his efforts to foster ambition, and to bring to the surface latent talent. From the start he has en- couraged American authors, being a true American at heart, and has issued more books written by Americans, than any other publisher. From the commence- ment, Mr. Lothrop has adhered rigidly, and it may be said heroically, to his de- termination not to publish a work merely sensational, no matter what chances of D. LoTHHOp Company's Washington St. Stoke, Nos. 364 and ?SS. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 117 OFFIN, ALTEMUS & CO., Dry Goods Commission MercliaiHs, No. 53 Avon Street.— The commision mer- chant and manufactures' agent occupies a very important position in the industries of the present day, and a conspicuous example of his influence in tlie dry goods trade is afforded in tlie firm of Messrs. Cof- fin, Altemus & Co., of New York, Philadelphia, Boston and Baltimore, whose Boston house is located at No. 53 Avon Street. This firm are dry goods commission merchants of large experience and a high repute, and enjoy a trade thoroughly national in extent and eminently creditable in character. They are especially promi- nent in the trade as agents for Washington prints, the Glasgow Com- pany, the Farr Alpaca Company; Barnaby Mfg. Co's. fine zephyr ginghams; H. & D. Henry, wool flannels; Pembroke wide sheetings; Sevill, Schofield, Son & Co., blankets; and for the Williamsville Mfg. Co. ; the Slater Cotton Company, manufacturers of the cel- ebrated "Pride of the West " bleached cotton; Powhatan Mills, Centerville Mills, Davol Mills, Valley Falls Company, Monohansett Mfg. Co., Elmwood Mills, Thistle Mills, Ballon Co., Attawaiigan Mills, Trion Mfg. Co., Hamlet Mills and the Forestdale Mfg. Co. This firm are represented in Boston by Mr. Warren M. AVhiting, who has been their manager here for the past nine years, and is a dry goods merchant of twenty-three years' experience. He was formerly with Messrs. J. S. & E. Wright & Co., of Boston, and is a gentleman of wide acquaintance and eminent popularity in the trade. His office contains a complete line of samples of the products of the above famous concerns, and the entire Boston and New England trade is supplied from this agency, all orders being shipped direct from the mills at manufacturers' prices, by which means a large saving of freight and expense is saved to the jobbers and cutters. All orders by mail or telegraph are promptly filled, and terms are made invariably satisfactory to buyers. The principal office of the firm is at No. 220 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, with other brandies at Worth Street, New York, and German Street, Baltimore ; and their business is an important factor in such New England trade centers as Providence, Lowell, Hartford, New Haven, Worcester, Springfield, Manchester, Con- cord, Lawrence, Lynn, Portland, Bridgeport, Burlington, Kutland, St. Albans, Montpelier, Brattleboro, Nashua, Newport, Fitchburg, Salem, Lewiston, Bangor, Pawtucket, Augusta, Woonsocket, Norwich, Norwalk, Northamp- ton, New London and others too numerous to mention here. M!r. Whiting, the manager bei-e, is painstaking in his efforts to meet the wishes and supply the demands of the trade, and is a gentleman of thorough reliability, with whom it will be found both pleasant and profitable to deal. Post Office Square. Showino Mdtdal Life Ins. Co. BoiLDiNa 118 BOSTON, ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. |A.MPRECHT BROTHERS & CO., Bankers, Room No. 313 Exchange Building, No. 53 State Street.— The rapidly accumulating wealth of the American people is forcibly illustrated by the constant demand for investments suitable for savings and trust funds. Municipal bonds rank next to " Governments" in point of safety, and Boston bankin" houses have been eminently successful in selecting the various classes of these securities which possess the most favorable qualifications for permanent investment. A widely known banking house making a specialty of high grade municipal bonds is that of Lamprecht Brothers & Co., whose offices are located in the Exchange Building, No. 53 State Street, Boston, Mass., and at No. 113 Superior Street, Cleveland, Ohio, where the business was established in 1882. The firm have devoted their closest attention to this branch of finance, and offer at all times a choice list of securities carefully selected to meet the most conservative requirements. AMARACK MINING COMPANY, Office, No. 199 Washington Street.— Among the most desirable forms of investment now offering are the securities of the Tamarack Mining Company, whose main office is located at No. 199 Washington Street, and which was incorporated in 1882, to acquire and develop a most valuable tract of copper mining territory in Michigan. They have a capital stock of $1,250,000-, divided into 50,000 shares of $25 each, and the following are the board of directors, to wit: A. S. Bigelow, president; Hon. Franklin Fairbanks, Charles Van Brunt, A. W. Spencer, Edward S. Grew, John N. Denison, John Daniell. The secretary and treasurer is Mr. Thomas Nelson of this city. The property of the company includes 1140 acres of land, and a full working plant, with four shafts, and all the latest impioved machin- ery for mining copper. They own one of the richest veins of copper ore in the country, while the mine is unusually well situated as i-egards perfect transportation facilities, cheap fuel and cheap labor. The ore is readily worked, and the ingot copper produced is of the highest quality for all purposes of the arts, industries and coinage. The company is thoroughly organized, its affairs are progressing most favorably under the supervision of the executive officers, and the superintendent at the mine, Mr. John Daniell, and with the splendid prospects before it, the Tama- rack is certain to continue a steady dividend payer. As regards cost, the results achieved by this company in min- ing copper have never before been equaled. Its mine has yielded over 10,000,000 i>ounds of refined copper in a single year, for which it realized upwards of $1,400,000.00, while its cost to the company was not over six cents per pound. The company are now paying dividends at the rate of $16.00 per share annually, and its stock is held by many of our conservative capitalists as one of the choicest and most remunerative of investments. Superintendent Daniell is a mining expert of large experience, in every way qualified to economically and successfully work the mines, while the officers and directors are widely and favorably known in the financial world, and form a tower of strength to any enterprise with which they may be identified. ILLSWORTH & PIEHLER, Furriers, No. 2 Bromfield Street, Corner Washington.— The manufac- ture of various descriptions of fine fur garments in this country is an industry which has for many years steadily increased in magnitude and importance, and is at the present day a branch of commer- cial enterprise second to none in importance, popularity and public interest. One of the most enterprising and successful houses engaged exclusively in the fur trade in Boston is that of Messrs. Ellsworth & Piehler, located at No. 2 Bromfield Street, corner of Washington. This firm are manufacturers and direct importers of fine fur goods for the retail trade, and make a leading specialty of seal garments. The business was originally established in 18S8, by Messrs. Cranz, Ellsworth & Pieliler, the present firm succeeding to the control in 1891. Both partners are practical furriers of large experience and established reputation, while their high personal character is universally regarded as an ample guarantee of the excellence and value of the goods in which they deal. They operate a well-equipped factory at. No. 17 Bromfield Street, where they give employment to skilled hands only, whose work is always closely scrutinized by the proprietors, who are leading authorities in America on all that appertains to furs, from their raw state until they are fashioned to adorn the fairest wearers. Theirs is an exclusive fur store, whei-e the most magnificent seal sacques, dolmans, ulsters, wraps and jackets are obtainable at the very lowest prices. In fact, owing to their wide connections on both sides the water, the quota- tions of this firm range under those usually asked for inferior goods elsewhere. It is of vital importance to buy light, when the investment is in a fine fur garment, and this is the place of all others to patronize, as thousands of the best-dressed ladies of New England know through personal experience. Here are always in stock compre- hensive assortments of capes, muffs, boas, collars, gloves, caps, rugs and small furs generally, all of the best material, carefully and skillfully made, beautifully trimmed and finished, and quoted at remarkably low prices. The firm also store, insure and repair furs, and send goods to all parts of the Union. The members of this firm are Messrs. I. H. B. Ellsworth and Otto J. Piehler. Mr. Ellsworth was born in Newburyport, Mass., where he was in business for a period of sixteen years; was also in the house of A. N. Cook & Co. for twenty-three years, and has received the patronage of some customers throughout all his forty years' business career. Mr. Piehler is a native Bostonian, with A. N. Cook & Co. for ten years, an expert and practical furrier, and a young man of high social and business standnig. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. fOISTING ENGINES, 300 different styles and sizes. SELF-CONTAINED ENGINES. PLAIN SLIDE VALVE ENGINES. AUTOMATIC SLIDE VALVE ENGINES. PLAIN HEAVY DUTY ENGINES. AUTOMATIC HEAVY DUTY ENGINES. HORIZONTAL TUBULAR, LOCOMOTIVE and VERTICAL BOILERS. Large stocli; of Engines on hand for immediate delivery. Complete steam plants furnished and set up in any part of New England. — The largest and finest stock of engines and boilers in Boston is to be found at this establishment, whose proprietor is the New England agent for the Lidgerwood Manufacturing Company, the largest manufacturers of hoisting engines and boilers in the United State; and who build over three hundred different styles and sizes of hoisting engines, and have over eight thousand engines in operation; the Atlas Engine Works, the largest manufacturers of portable and stationary engines in the country; the Gorton & Lidgerwood Co., house-heating boilers; steam Road Rollers, etc., while he also deals extensively in stone crushers, wire rope, rock drills, and boilers of every description. Mr. Houghton is a practical machinist and engineer of thirty-five years' experience, and established his present business here in 1.883. No house engaged in this important line of mercantile activity in Boston maintains a higher standing in the trade, and few, if any, enjoy so large a measure of recognition, its annual sales reaching a very handsome figure. The business is conducted on the soundest and most progressive principles, and its management is characterized by energy, sagacity and judicious enterprise, coupled with strict integrity. All persons having dealings with this house are certain to find the same of a very satisfactory character. The boilers handled by Mr. Houghton are of every size, style and variety, and are of a character for utility, reliability and uniform excellence that command universal attention and win the confidence of close and discriminating buyers. The Atlas Engine Works have included in their engines every improvement that conduces to economy in running and increased horse-power. The best of material only is employed, and every part is fashioned and put together with the greatest accuracy and care. Every engine is critically examined before shipment, and the products of these works may be truthfully said to be hourly running to the extent of many thousand horse-power in every State in the Union. The prices are at bed rock, and quality considered, are the cheapest quoted by any engine works in the land. Mr. Houghton is prepared to supply these splendid engines, and the other important specialties handled by him, at the shortest notice to customers in any part of New England, style and power being specially adapted to the wants of pur- chasers. Those of our readers contemplating the purchase of anything in this line, should communicate at once with Mi\ Houghton. They will save money and obtain better service through him than by dealing with any other house in New England. 120 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. HE THIRD NATIONAL BANK, Moses Williams, president; Francis B. Sears, vice-president; Frederick S. Davis, cashier; Andrew Eobesoii, manager of safe deposit vaults; Exchange Building, Corner State and Kilby Streets.— Boston has long afiforded one of the most desirable and profitable fields for legitimate banking in the United States. The present prosperous era in the business world, finds the leading financial institutions of Boston better prepared than ever to meet all demands of trade, and handle satisfactorily the vast business that is [offered. Eepresentative among the number of her banking institutions stands the Third National Bank which under sound and conservative management has had a remarkably prosperous career. It was incorporated in 1863, with a capital of $300,000, which was increased in 1881 to $600,000 and 1889 to $1,000,000, and on October 1st, to $3,000,000. It transacts a general banking business, and one of enormous magnitude; making collections on all points through its chain of correspondents, which include the National Park Bank, the Phenix National Bank, Drexel, Morgan & Co., and Bank of New York, New York.; the First National Bank, of Chicago; Drexel & Co., of Philadelphia; the Union Bank of London Eng. ; the London and San Francisco Bank of San Francisco; Boston National of Seattle, issuing draft on London, buying and selling foreign exchange, handling first-class commercial paper, and in every way seeking its customers' best interests and affording them perfect financial facihties. Its ofSeers and directors are as follows, vi2, : President, Moses Williams; vice- president, Francis B. Sears; cashier, Frederick S.Davis; manager of Safe Deposit Vaults, Andrew Eobeson; directors. Royal E. Eobbins, Benj- amin F. Brown, Thomas O. Richardson, Moses Williams, Otis E. Weld, Benjamin F. Stevens, Francis B. Sears, Charles A. Welch, Henry B. Endicott, Jerome Jones, William L. Chase, Edward Atkinson, George E. Keith, Charles E. Sampson and Joseph B. Russell. A more thor- oughly representative and efficient board could not be constituted, and their ripe experience is manifest in the course of the bank, which has the endorsement of the foremost authorities in finance. Its sound and healthy condition is best shown by the annual statement, made September S3, 1891. Capital stock $2,000,000, surplus fund $75,000, undivided profits, $94,177.27, individual deposits $3,681,189.50. This bank has recently taken possession of new and elegant quarters in the Exchange Building, with entrance at the corner of State and Kilby Streets, and which form a suite of the finest banking-rooms in the city. A safe deposit department was added to the facilities of this bank during 1891, and this branch of the business is safely housed and ably directed. The safe deposit vault has six compartments, with a capacity of 15,000 boxes. This vault is massive in its construction, splendidly equipped with time locks and heavy doors, and was built by George L. Damon, of this city. Three coupon rooms are connected, which contain sixty-five small chambers for the use of patrons. Beyond is the ladies' clipping-room, with twelve compartments, a reading-room and all accessories, with a lady attendant. The banking-rooms and private offices are magnificent in their appointments and furnishings, and one-fourth of an acre of floor space is occupied in the business of the bank. The president, Mr. Williams, has been at the helm since November, 1885, and is a prominent attorney-at-law, with a business record of the most creditable character. The vice-president, Mr. Sears was cashier from 3873 to 1890, and has been counected with the bank since 1864, promoting its interests with fidelity and acceptability in every capacity. The cashier, Mr. Davis, has been engaged in the banking busi- ness for forty years; was cashier of the Traders National Bank for thirty years and its president two years, previous to accepting his pres- ent position in 1890; and is a financier of ripe experience and vnde acquaintance, whose opinions are of weight in banking circles. ^YER, RICE & CO., Hats, Straw Goods, Japanese Robes, Ladies' Furs, Nos. 36, 38 and 40 Chauncy Street.— The firm name of Dyer, Rice & Co., will ever remain honorably identified with the American trade in fine furs, as no house in Boston has achieved such distinction or developed subh perfected facilities in this line. The business was established in 1865 by Messrs. Gould, Dyer & Peabody, who were succeeded by Messrs. Dyer, Taylor & Rice in 1869, and they by Messrs. Dyer, Taylor &. Co. in 1879, succeding also at that date to the business of Hart, Taylor & Co., the present firm being organized in 1887. Tliey are extensive wholesale dealers in hats, caps and straw goods, and manufacturers of furs, robes, coats, etc. The building occu- pied for trade purposes contains five floors, and a basement, 75 x 125 feet, eligibly located at Nos. 36, 38 and 40 Chauncy Street. The firm are the leading authority in Boston on all that pertains to furs, from their raw state until they are fashioned to adorn the fairest of wearers, while to vast practical experience they unite marked executive ability, perfected facilities, and influential connections both at home and abroad. They are direct importers of the best Alaska sealskins, finished with the world-famous London dye. These goods never need re-dy- ing, because they do not fade. Here are obtainable, at very moderate prices, the most magnificent seal sacques, dolmans, paletots, muffs, capes, collars and wraps, buffalo, bear and Esquimaux dog sleigh robes, fur and fur-lined coats, all at prices that make an inquirer a pur- chaser every time. In fact, owing to their vast trade, this firm's quotations range under those asked for vastly inferior goods elsewhere. It is of vital importance to buy right, where the investment is in a fine fur garment, and this is the place above all others to make selections, as thousands of the best-dressed ladies in Boston know through personal experience. The stock is the largest in the city, both as regards furs, hats and straw goods, while the trade of the house extends to all parts of the United States. A corps of twenty talented salesmen represent the interests of the firm upon the road, and all orders of whatever magnitude receive prompt and perfect fulfilment. The members of the firm are Messrs. B. F. Dyer, J. B. Rice, F. E. Dyer and N. G. Nickerson. The senior partner is a native and well-known resident of Braintree, Mass., president of the Braintree Savings Bank, and a director of the Mount Vernon National Bank of this city. Mr. Rice was born in Cam- bridge, where he still resides. Mr. F. E. Dyer is a son of the senior partner, and Mr. Nickerson is a native ;of Dennis, Mass., and an experi- enced merchant. All are members of the Boston Merchants Association, and have won an honored record for enterprise, integrity and sagacity, as worthy exponents of a great staple branch of trade. WRIGHT COMPANY, Tobacco Manufacturers, [Inc.] No. 290 State Street.— The tobacco manufacturing interest is one of the prime factors in the commercial progress and industrial development of the country. In fact, at one time, tobacco was the agent used in business transactions in Virginia, that being utilized as the currency of the day. The trade has gone on steadily increasing with each succeeding decade, and a vast amount of capital and a vast number of people are now engaged in the I ' business. One of the most successful concerns engaged in the industry is that of the J. Wright Company, [Inc.] whose factory is at Richmond, Va., and whose selling offlce is at No. 390 State Street. This enterprise was inaugurated ten years ago, at Richmond and Boston, simultaneously, by the present proprietors, Messrs. J. Wright and A. A. Eedway. On March 2, 1891, the business was incorporated with a capital stock of $200,000, Mr. Wright being the president and Mr. Redway the secretary. The latter resides in Boston^ while Mr. Wright assumes control of the factory in Richmond. Both gentlemen are practical tobacco manufacturers of mature experience: and through the critical supervision of affairs maintained at their factory, by the selection of the best crop tobaccos, and by the following of most approved processes, they are enabled to produce tobaccos of remarkably excellent quality. The works are equipped with the latest improved machinery, driven by steam power, and employment is found for a force of upwards of three hundred expert hands. The firm manufacture a fine line of smoking and chewing tobaccos, in plug, cut and spun roll, in a large variety of brands, and their goods are unex- celled for flavor and general excellence. The production is an extensive one, the output amounting to'about two million pounds of tobacco per year. Of this the greater quantity is disposed of from the Boston establishment. The trade supplied extends all throughout the New England States and the South, and is steadily growing in volume with each passing year. The firm is a liberal one, and all its customers have their interests advanced in the most substantial manner. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. 121 I ENRY HASTINGS, Swedish (Norway) Iron and Steel, and General Iron and Steel Merchant, No. 126 State Street.— One of the most prominent houses in Boston engaged in the fundamental line of iron and steel, is that of Mr. Henry Hastings, located at No. 126 State Street. This gentleman is well and widely known as a general iron and steel merchant, making a leading specialty of Swedish (Norway) iron and steel, and is especially prominent in the trade throughout the country as sole Ameri- can agent for some of the largest mills of Sweden. The business was originally established in 1883, by Messrs. Lewander & Co. Mr. Hastings was a member of the firm, and succeeded to the sole control in January, 1891. He is recognized as a leader in the trade, and a reliable authority as regards merchant iron and steel of all kinds. He brings to bear a wide range of practical experience and a thorough knowledge of all the requirements of the American trade, coupled with intimate and influpiitini relations with the best producing sources both at home and abroad. His sales are large and he is prepared to promptly fill the liirgest orders at the lowest market rates. Shipments are made direct from the mills to customers in car lots, or by the 1,000 tons, and Mr. Hastings has afforded uni- versal satisfaction in regard to the strict fulfillment of every contract and commission. His trade extends to all parts of the United States and Canada, and the equitable manner in which he conducts his business, as well as the excellent quality of all supplies delivered by him, are guarantees of good faith in all future ti'ansactions. Mr. Hastings is a native Bostonian, a son of Commodore Henry Hastings, the ■well-known ship-owner who has been largely interested in commerce and stands deservedly high in social, commercial and trade circles. ^IDGWAY FUKNACE COMPANY, No. 76 Union Street.—The most radical and marked improvement in hot air heating yet introduced is that contained in the Ridgway Furnace, manufactured by the Ridgway Furnace Company, of this city, with headquarters at No. 76 Union Street. This company was incorpo rated in 1890, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $15,000, as successors to the Ridgway Furnace and Stove Company, which had been in operation since 1884. The main feature of the Ridgway furnace is the revolving open fire pot, which is not only good in principle but perfect in practice, turning with extraordi nary ease on ball-bearings and permitting one to graduate most accurately the amount of ashes to be shaken out, without packing the coal as by the old method of shaking the grate The ashes escape in the form of the finest powder, and the combustion is absolutely complete No sifting of ashes— no clinkers— no explosions, as the gases are consumed as fast as generated through the sides as well as the top. The condition of the fire can be seen at a glance, and access had to every part of it. It is quite as important that a furnace should not overheat the house in mild weather as that it should heat it enough in cold. The Ridgway stands this test perfectly ; a fire can be kept smouldering for days, without danger of going out. The cleanli ness, ease of management, and novel construction, make it the ideal furnace, worthy the full est confidence of those seeking, the latest and best method yet devised for heating. Eight years' use with no visible wear proves its durability. An automatic regulator is furnished with every furnace so sensitive that closing the registers will check the draft, affording a great safe guard and convenience. These furnaces are in increasing use in this city, in New York City Washington, D. C, Columbus, Ohio, and the leading cities and towns in Massachusetts, New York, New Hampshire, Vermont, Rhode Island, Maine, and adjoining States. Catalogues are furnished on application, and orders are promptly and carefully fiUed in all cases The officers of this company are Edw. B. Cole, president; Chas. L. Ridgway, treasurer and manager; Chas. J. Ridgway, secretary. The president, Mr. Cole, is a well-known Bostonian and a member of the great shoe firm of B. F. Cole & Co. The manager, Mr. Chas. L. Ridgway, is th© inventor of the furnace which hears his name, and gives the business the benefit of his close personal attention, inventive talents and great practical skill. He is ably assisted by his son, the secretaiy, and under its present management the company has before it an ever-widening field of usefulness. i^ARREN CHEMICAL & M'FG. CO., Importers and Refiners of Trinidad Asphaltum, Sole Manufacturers ofWarren's Natural Asphalt Roofing, No. 12 Pearl Street.— Among the staple articles of commerce which are always in steady demand in the Bos- ton market, there are but few more important than asphalt. The leading importers and refiners of the famous Trinidad asphaltum in this city are the Warren Chemical & Manufacturing Company, who are specially prominent as sole manufac- turers of "Warren's natural asphalt, roofing, " Anchor Brand " and are also manufacturers of coal tar roofing and paving materials, sheathing paper, black varnishes, two and three-ply felts, liquid asphalt, roof coating, composite felt, disinfectants, "La Brea" asphalt mastic, etc. The main office of the company is at Nos. 81 and 83 Fulton Street, New York, and it is represented, in New England by Mr. H. K. Richards, with headquarters at No. 12 Pearl Street. The business was founded in 1855, and in 1858 the present company was incorporated, possessing unusual facilities both for the importation, production and manipulation of the raw material, and its suitable handling and ^application. The company refer with justifiable pride to a largely increased business in natural asphalt, necessitating considerable increase in plant and impi'ovements in methods of manufacture to enable them to meet the demand. In roofing, particularly, the greater demand has called for renewed energies, and this depart- ment, starting from a very small beginning, has reached sales of more than 2,000,000 square feet annually. The advantages of natural asphalt over coal tar, felt and gravel roofing include very much greater durability, being known to remain exposed for ages with- out alteratiob, being practically unchangeable in the atmosphere, and not liable to suffer injury by the greatest alternations of frost and thaw; while the asphaltic cement has more body, will not run, emits no disagreeable odor, and does not injure rain water. It is a more reliable and better roofing than tin or any other metal, and it is cheaper than any other roofing that is suitable for substantial and permanent buildings. It affords a much more thorough protection from fire than tin, either from within or without the building. From very small beginnings it is now in extensive use, 40,000,000 square feet having been applied within the last fourteen years on mills, warehouses, mercantile blocks and dwellings, in quantities of five thousand feet to fifty acres, including such prominent buildings as the Pullman Building, Chicago; Harmony Mills, Cohoes, N. Y.; New York Tribune, Union League Club, United Bank Building, Boreel Building, New York City; Flint Mills, Globe Yarn Mills, Pocasset MiUs, Fall River, Mass.; Oneko Woolen Mills, Wamsutta Mills, New Bedford, Mass., Washburn & Moen Mfg. Co., Worcester, Mass.; Whiting & Parsons Paper Co's.. Holyoke, Mass.; Thomson-Houston Electric Co., Lynn, Mass,; Tifft House, Buffalo, N. Y.; Conant Thread Co., Pawtucket, R. I.; Manchester Print Works, and Stark Mills, Man- chester, N. H. ; Burnett House, Cincinnati. O.; Columbus Buggy Co., Columbus, O.; State Capitol, Indianapolis, Ind.; Kauffman Milling Co., St. Louis, Mo.; Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Washington, D. C; Herald Building, Boston, Mass.; Power's Hotel and Block, Rochester, N. Y. ; Campau Block, Detroit, Mich. Mr. Richards, the manager in New England, is a Massachusetts man by birth and training, in the prime of life, eminently capable as a business man, fully qualified for the direction of this important business and enjoying the confidence and esteem of a wide circle in both commercial and social life. 123 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. CONNECTICUT MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, D. W. Kilburn, General Agent, No. 53 Devonshire Street —The Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Company, of Hartford, Conn., has been an important factor in the education of the people of every community in habits of economy, prudence and provident thrift, since its inception in 1846. It is represented in this city by Mr. D. W. Kilburn, as general agent for Massachusetts, with headquarters at No. 53 Devonshire Street. Mr. Kilburn has been with the company for a period of twenty-five years, and has been its gene- ral agent since 1884. The Connecticut Mutual Life offers its policies as a perfect protection to the family. Its calculations are based on the assumption of earning only three per cent, interest, instead of four or four and a half per cent, as is assumed by all other companies. Its poUcies will therefore be protected by a larger reserve than is held by any other company. It selects risks with great care, and has a low rate of mortality. Its investments are of the safest character; its economy of management is unsurpassed, if equaled. It has no stockholders. Every dollar of saving or profit belongs solely to the policy holders, and goes to increase the value of their policies, or to reduce the cost of their insurance. Each policy has attached a table of cash values, and the accumulation of surplus will be stated each year. The actual value of the policy is increasing each year by the increase of reserve and the addition of any surplus earned and credited, and remains always available at the period stated. The company had in force December 31, 1890. 64,147 policies, insuring $153,234,742. Its assets on that day were $58,747,707.44; its surplus by its own standard was $5,572,000.19, and by the legal standard of four per cent. $6,150,000. The premiums and reserves of the company are grounded upon the most conservative basis which has been approved by experience again and again ; its contracts are of the simplest, most legitimate cliaracter, devoid of speculative features; and its growth is wholly healthful, its assets are not be excelled for solidity and productiveness, and its surplus is ample to provide for every adverse contingency. The new limited life premium policies of the Connecticut Mutual have become widely popular, as an abso- lute protection, and a remunerative investment. This company does an annual business of over a million dollars, and annually collects several millions in premiums. Mr. Kilburn, the agent in Massachusetts, is a native Bostonian, a member of the Boston Life Underwriters' Association and of various social clubs, and possesses the esteem and confidence of the business community to a most gratifying degree. lANEUIL HALL NATIONAL BANK, J. V.Fletcher, President, T. G. Hiler, Cashier, S. Market Street and Merchants Row.— Among the live financial institutions of the city to which our business men can look with confidence and pride is the old, reli- able Faneuil Hall National Bank, whose banking rooms are eligibly located at the corner of S. Market Street and Merchants Row. This bank commenced business as a State institution in August, 1851, with a capita) of $500,000, and was reorganized under the national banking laws in 1865, with a capital of $1,000,000 and at that time an extra dividend of 50 per cent, was paid and a regular dividend of 5 per cent. It is indeed, one of the old and honored landmarks of the city. Swinging a heavy cap- ital, controlled by founders and promoters of unquestioned ability and integrity, it has not only proved a pillar of strength in time of great financial necessity and fear, but has upheld and fostered the material interests of the entire mercantile and manufacturing community. Its watchwords have been prudence and economy— prudence in investments, economy in expenses of handling business— and from these two walls of strength has sprung a solid arch of prosperity and profit.. Its principal characteristics are those which tend to inspire and mamtain success, to wit: ample capital, good connections, unlimited backing, the confidence of commercial circles and the highest standing in the financial world. A bank so long established and having gone so far in its career with ever-growing success is, nat- urally, an assurance of permanency, but there is more than mere "solidity," as the word goes, which has contributed to its prosperity and popularity. Although founded upon a rock, it has each twelve months been raised above the level of the year before, and now has a surplus and undivided of profits of $402,000, and individual deposits amounting to $1,700,000.00. This insti- tution does a regular legitimate banking business in deposits, loans, collections and exchange; receiving the accounts of corporations and individuals on the most favorable terms; remitting collections at the lowest rates through its chain of correspondents, which include the Fourth National, Market and Fulton National Banks, of New York; and renders thorough satisfaction to all its customei-s. The officers and directors of the Faneuil Hall National Bank are as follows, viz: President, J. V. Fletcher; Cashier, T. G. Hiler; Directors, J. V. Fletcher, Chas. E. Morrison, Samuel S. Learnard, A. J. Adams, Geo. W. Fiske, L. M. Haskins, Samuel F. Wood- bridge, Stillman F. Kelley and Henry D. Yerxa. The executive officers are gentlemen with whom it is always a pleasure to do business. Prompt, obliging and efiBcient in all their dealings with the public, they are naturally popular, and in their own individuality serve to strengthen the standing of the bank in both social, commercial and financial life. President Fletcher is prominent in both monetary and political circles. He has served four years as a representative in the State Legislature, and two years as a Republican Senator from the Second Middlesex District, being chairman of the committee on banks and banking in that body. He is also president of the Belmont Savings Bank, and a successful merchant in Faneuil Hall Market. The cashier, Mr. Hiler, came into the bank at its organization in 1851, rising step by step to his present responsible position in ;i8T6, and is a financier of large experience, wide acquaintance and high repute; while the board of directors presents an array of talent and solidity that commands the confidence and esteem of the entire business community. jAMEWELL AUXILIARY FIRE ALARM CO., No. 19 Pearl Street.— This is emphatically an era of progress. As an illustra- tion of the fact, we would refer our readers to the Gamewell Auxiliary Fire Alarm Co., whose offices are located at No. 19 Pearl Street. Thi^ company are introducing the " auxiliary fire alarm system," which furnishes a meansfor sending an alarm of fire from private premises immediately upon its discovery. This is accomplished by electrically connecting the nearest street signal box with any number of auxiliary pulls, the locations of which are familiar to the occupants of buildings in which they are placed, and which are accessible by simply breaking the thin glass in front of the pull. In the Gamewell Auxiliary Fire Alarm system, a positive and unmistakable " return signal " is provided in each auxiliary box, consisting of an electro-ma.gnetic buzzer. The Gamewell also includes other valuable features, necessary to preserve its reliability of operation ; its security against continued disarrange- ment of wires ; and the prevention of false alarms from accidental wire crosses. After the street box has been operated for a first alarm, sub- sequent alarms cannot be given from any auxiliary box with which it is connected until the auxiliary device in street box has been properly set by an authorized person, but the failure to set such auxiliary device is automatically reported at an engine house, or elsewhere as may be arranged. A continuous ringing bell is operated in case of a break in the closed circuit used in this system, as also from crossing of the wires ; and a galvanometer furnishes the means of readily testing the efficiency of the battery employed without expert service or electrical experi- ence, and which operation consumes but a few seconds of time. A private alarm bell may be used if desired, to be operated only in case of an alarm from an auxiliary box, and to be located at any desired point for the convenience of parties using the system. Standard auxiliary at- tachments are manufactured by the Gamewell Fire Alarm Telegraph Co. for all types of street signal boxes, including the " pony." These attachments may be applied to signal boxes already in the service without interference in any manner with the ordinai-y manual operation of the same. This system is in use in Boston, Brooklyn, Baltimore, Washington, Detroit, San Francisco, Portland, Me., Trenton, N. J., Ansonia, Ct, Fall River, Lawrence, and other Massachusetts towns, as well as other large cities of the Union, and the demand is steadily increasing. The Gamewell AuxiUary Fire Alarm Co. was incorporated in 1887, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $250,000, and is officered as follows, viz: A. P. Sawyer, president; Geo. W. Piper, treasurer; 6. F. Milliken, general manager. These gentlemen are well and favorably known in telegraph and electrical circles, and are well fitted to push this enterprise forward to the position it deserves in the business world. BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 123 ^WAIN LUBRICATOR COMPANY, Sole Manufacturers of the Swain Pateut Lubricator for Journals, No. 39 Oliver Street; New York Office, No. 106 Liberty Street.— In the important line of lubricators for shafting, crank pins, loose pulleys and eccentrics, the Swain Lubricator Company has attained a national reputation. This company are sole manufacturers of the Swain Patent Lubricator for journals, with main office and manufactory at Chicago. The New England branch of the company is located at No. 29 Oliver Street, Messi-s. Emerson and Morrill controlling the New England trade, with an office at No. lOli Liberty Street, New York City. The Swain Patent Lubricator is the invention of Mr. F. F. Swain, president of the company, and has been on the market for the past five years. Over a million cups are now in use, and they are widely recognized as the acme of economy, safety and cleanliness. The method of lubricating shafting under this patent is the best and most practical ever put before the pubhc. It is the only perfect system of automatic lubrication, and should be used in every manufactory where cleanliness, economy and safety are considered. The cup is very simple, consisting of a tube and tight-fitting cap; within the tube a weight is arranged to move freely; to this is attached an indicator rod, showing at a glance the exact amount of material in the cup. The lubricator is a solid stick, compounded of the finest material, and made to stand a very high degree of heat before inciting. The lubricator is kept directly in contact with the shaft, and is worn away only as the shaft needs lubrication, a single lubricator lasting from one to three months. There is positively no drip or waste of material, and wlien the shaft stops running the wear of the lubricator at once ceases. Practical men will at once see the advantages resulting from this method of lubrication. The following consumers, who are some of the most conservative and economizing concerns throughout the country, have used the Swain Lubricator tor years: The Adams & Westlake Co., McCormick Harvest- ing Machine Co., Wm. Deering & Co., among many others. The durability of one lubricator is from one to three months, and it is the only reliable loose pulley lubricator in the world. This company also manufacture the celebrated Swain Metallic Piston-Rod Packing; which is the most simple, most sensible, the cheapest and most successful packing on the market, always giving the most perfect satisfaction. It fits an ordinary stufiSng box, has no springs to break, while no machine shop is needed to keep up repairs. There are water spaces between rings, and flat bearings on rods. It is the only metallic ring packing made with tongue joints, each ring being surrounded by an elastic cushion. The claims for superiority are, adaptability to rods in ordinary conditions, simplicity and ease of adjustment, avoidance of wear on rods, no disconnecting of cross-heads in applying, ease of removing when desired, and economy and durability as shown by results. Both dealers and consumers throughout New England are supplied from the Boston office, and the goods commend their own merits to the confidence and patronage of critical and discriminating buyers. Messrs. Emerson and Morrill are both natives of New Hampshire, and gentlemen of large business experience, thorough reliability and sterling personal worth. |NGINEERING EQUIPMENT COMPANY, No. 126 Pearl Street.— In securing the necessary supplies for steam power plants, mills, electric railways, and kindred enterprises, our manufacturers and corporations throughout New England shovdd hereafter make a factor of the " Engineering Equipment Company," whose offices are located at No. 136 Pearl Street. This company is engaged in the business of furnishing steam and electric equipment materials, and their house is head- quarters for various specialties nowhere else obtainable. The company was incorporated February 1, 1891, under the laws of the State of New Jersey, with a capital stock of $25,000, and has its main offices at No. 143 Liberty Street, New- York. F. L. Perine, general manager; A. L. Tinker, secretary; C. J. Field, president; A. C. Hale, chemist to company. Their eastern office was opened in this city during the same year, and is in charge of Mr. F. A. Magee, the well known mechanical engineer, as agent for New England. This company has the eastern selling agency for patent cotton-leather belts and belting specialties, manu- factured only by The Underwood Manufacturing Co. of Tolland, of which F. H. Underwood is president; G. W. Lawring, secretary; E. S. Agard, secretary; J. E. Underwood, superintendent; for the Dodge "Independence" Wood-split Pulleys; for the Dodge Patent Rope Transmission of Power; and for the Boston trolley and line matei-ials made solely by Albert and J. M. Anderson; while they are sole agents for Kellogg Steel Pole for electric railways; Indurated Fibre Pipe for electric conduits; and eastern agents f or Habir- shaw wires, cables and cones; and contract for and furnisli cars, trucks, rails, ties, and street railway construction materials; and also engines and boilers. A specialty is made of filling large orders for standard equipment materials, and the intimate and influ- ential connections enjoyed by the management with manufacturers of the highest repute place the company in a position to name inducements in both quality and prices of materials that smaller houses cannot afford to duplicate. The company already bears a reputa- tion second to none for the ability to fill large contracts promptly and to the letter, and those of our readers who open negotiations with the Boston office will secure advantages and benefits that are not met with elsewhere. Mr. Magee, the manager, is a graduate of the Stevens Institute of Technology of Hoboken, N. J., and practiced his profession for ten years as a mechanical engineer, being formerly employed with the Edison General Electric Company and the E. S. Greely Company, of New York; and is eminently fitted, both by experience and talent, for worthily repi'esenting this important interest in so important a field of industrial activity. ORTHERN ASSURANCE COMPANY, H. S. Wheelock, Manager, No. 27 Kilby Street.— The leading British fire insurance cor- porations invariably place their interests in this country in the care of gentlemen who have secured, by years of experience and practice, honorable reputations in the business. Prominent among the British companies, having department head- quarters in the city of Boston, is the Northern Assurance Company, of London, which is widely recognized as one of the strongest, wealthiest and most reliable insurance corporations in the world. It was incorporated in 1836, and has been repre- sented in Boston since 1879. The manager of the New England department is Mr. H. S. Wheelock, an experienced under- writer and adjuster, who is enabled not only to policies which give the assured all needed protec- to guarantee an equitable and pi'ompt adjustment losses occurring in the New England States are office. Mr. Wheelock has had eighteen years' and his knowledge and judgment as to fire insur- desirable medium through which to effect insur- the Northern Assurance Company has increased pies a prominent position in the United States, confidence of the business public. It has paid in States branch alone, to say nothing of its many any possible contingenc.y which is likely to arise, cites of the United States and of the whole be obtained at the lowest current rates con- insurer. Mr. Wheelock, the manager for New England, is a native Bostonian, city. He was for many years special agent of the Royal Insurance Company of Liverpool offer superior inducements in properly drawn tion, and tlie lowest obtainable rates, but likewise and payment of all losses that may occur. All settled and paid without reference to any other experience as an insurance agent and manager, ance matters are such as to make this office a very ance on property of all kinds. The business of with each succeeding year, until to-day it occu- and by honorable practice has secured the entire losses over $33,000,000, and has in its United millions of assets abroad, ample funds to meet It has agencies in all the leading commercial civilized world, where policies of insurance may sistent with safet,y to both the insured and the young man of high social and business standing in the a member of the New England Insurance Exchange and of the Boston Board of Fire Underwriters, and is thoroughly reliable, prompt and responsible in all his business methods^ 124 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. E. SOPER & CO., Millers' Agents for Cotton Seed Meal, Shippers of Grain and Feed, Nos. 2 and 3 India Street.— Considered as a factor in the sum of: commercial activity, the importance of the grain and feed interest in this city can scarcely be over- estimated. The transactions in ear lots oE corn, oats, etc., daily reach enormous proportions, and the volume ol: trade affords evidence of steady and substantial increase. Notable among Boston's representative firms engaged in the line indicated is that of J. E. Soper & Co., of Nos. 2 and 3 India St., and which for thirty-five years has been a prominent factor in the trade. They are millers' agents for sale of cotton seed meal, and shippers of grain and feed, and make a leading specialty of cotton seed meal, of which they are the largest handlers in the United States. The firm which is composed of Messrs. J. E. Soper and H. B. Moore, occupy a well ordered office, connected by telephone, (2133;, and employ several clerks. They are agents for a number of western millers, and represent nearly all the cotton seed meal mills in the country, selling immense quantities of the latter in car and cargo lots. The house js conducted on strict business principles, while its management is characterized by liberal and honorable methods, and those having dealings with this solid and reliable firm are assured of finding the same of an entirely satisfactory character. The trade of the concern is exceedingly large, extending throughout New England, New York State and the British provinces; and all orders for anything in the line above indicated (in car lots) are executed in the most prompt and trustworthy manner, at lowest possible figures, manufacturers' prices being quoted. Messrs. Soper and Moore, who are gentlemen of middle age and natives of Maine, are men of energy and sagacity as well as thorough business experience, highly regarded in comm,ercial circles, and are valued members of the Boston Chamber of Commerce. Washington Street, Looking North. |HOMAS W. 31cKEE, Manufacturer Table Luxuries, No. 52 South Market Street.— A most prominent and influential house engaged in the manufacture and sale of table luxuries, ketchups, extracts, pickles, preserves, mustards, sauces, etc., is that conducted by Mr. Thomas W. McKee at No. 52 South Market Street. This gentleman first established this business m 1887 at Cambridge, and has occupied the present location for the past three years. His productions are highly esteemed by the trade on account of their salability, being in constant demand wherever introduced. They are acknowledged to be of extra fine quality, purity, flavor and freshness and are fully equal to any foreign delicacies now upon the market, and are by some considered superior to them. Mr. McKee is thoroughly experienced in this business and gives his personal attention to all the details; and customers may rely upon having nothing inferior or adulterated sold to them. Heihas two thousand customers in and around Boston. His trade is wholesale only and is constantly increasing in this vicinity, thus proving an exception to the rule that " a prophet is not without honor, save in his own country." Mr. McKee is a native of Montpelier, Vermont. He is popular with his numerous patrons and enjoys the confidence of all those with whom he has dealings. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 125 |HE IMPROVED PROCESS GLUE COMPANY, No. 50 Central Street.— The improved Process Glue Company, whose Boston office is located at No. 50 Central Street, fills a niche in the commercial activity of this country peculiarly its own. The company are manufacturers of improved process liciuid fish glues and belting cement, by a secret method, and operate a factory at Gloucester, Mass. The company was incorporated in January, 1891, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $50,000, and has purchased from the Le Pa/?e Company all its glue stock and material, and acquired all the rights under the patents of Wm. N. Le Page, tlie original inventor of Hquid fish glue, formerly owned by said company, for the manu- facture and sale of improved process fish glues. These glues have now come to be very widely known as, in all respects, the strongest and most rehable extent. They include family glue in bottles and cans, and assorted cases of family glues, with wire display stands; carriage glue, tor carriage, cabinet and wood work, the finest, clearest and strongest glue in use: shoe glue, for boot and shoe manufacturers, etc. ; paper glue, for envelope and blank-book manufacturers, labels, etc, straw glue bleached, tor stiffening straw hats; sizing glue, for fabrics; and sizing glue, for oil cloths; also, A No. i bolting cement, for leather belting; while glues adapted for special work are supphed to order. The new cans used by this company, with patent cap and fastening, have proved a great convenience . Dealers and large consumers reouiring glue in any form or for any purpose should make a factor of this enterprising and progressive company. Its principal selling agents are Messrs. Tower & Lyon, No. 95 Chambers Street, New York, and goods are shipped to all parts of the United States, direct from the Boston office. The president, John J. Tower, is the head of the firm of Tower and Lyon, of New York. The Treasurer is C. E. Hubbard. Mr. Le Page is the superintendent at Gloucester and all the glues and eements'sold by the company are manufactured under Mr. Le Page's personal supervision. F. PIERCE & CO., Real Estate and Mortgages, Nos. 180 to 186 Washington Street.— A foremost operator in realty in New England is Mr. C. F. Pierce, trading under the firm name of C. F. Pierce & Co.. and whose headquarters are at Nos. 180 to 186 Washington Street, this city. Since he established business in 1884, Mr. Pierce has built up a very extensive, influential patronage all throughout the New England States, and has carried through many important * transa<;tions. He maintains ten agencies, eight being in Massachusetts, two in New Hampshire, and it is worthy of remark that eight out of the ten men in charge of these agencies neither smoke, chew tobacco or drink alcoholic beverages, and none of them show property on Sundays. Every spring and fall, Mr. Pierce publishes a real estate bulletin, giving a descriptive acceunt of eligible properties on sale, many being splendid bargains, and all good opportunities for the profitable investment of capital: city and country realty of all kinds is bought, sold, leased or exchanged, money loaned, mortgages nego- tiated, estates managed, fire insurance effected, rents collected, and appraisements made, all customers having their wants attended to in the most acceptable manner. Business chances are also bought and sold. Mr. Pierce is a native of Massachusetts, a thoroughly progres- sive, energetic business man, and all his dealings are characterized by fairness and a desire to advance the interests of his patrons in the most substantial manner. C. PEECIVAL & CO., Wholesale Dealers in Watches, Diamonds, Jewelry and Optical Goods, No. 393 Washington Street.— The history of the prosperous house of D. C. Peroival & Co., of No. 398 Washington Street, commences with the year 1864, when the firm was founded by the existing senior partner. That gentleman, subsequent to his initial effort upon the bus- "iness high road, prosecuted his endeavors in the direction of prosperity tor a term of eighteen years, when ho formed a ' partnership with Mr. Southworth under the present name and conditions. Messrs. Percival & Co., are wholesale dealers in watches, diamonds and jewelry, optical goods, canes, pens, tools, materials, etc., handling largely " Rogers & Bro." silver plated ware, the A. F. Towle & Son Co. , sterhng silver and silver plated ware, the specialty of the house being watches. The operations of the house embrace an extensive import trade and the domestic area covered by the house includes the whole of the New England section. The house occupies the whole of the second floor of the admirably located building upon Washington Street, and employs a staff of twenty-five able and courteous assistants. The premises are equipped with every improvement and contain five large safes having attached the Holmes Electric Protection system. The connection of the house is traversed periodically by a force of four drummers, and the reputation of the concern tor high class goods and honorable dealing is excellent. The partnership is made up of Mr. D. C. Percival and Mr. Dean Southworth, both of whom emphatically command a representative position in the trade community. Mr. Percival is a native of Massachusetts, and resides in Boston. He is a prominent member of that influential organization, the Jewelers' League, and an active associate of the Jewelers' Association. Mr. Southworth is a native of Stoughton and resides at Braintree, Mass. R. FISK & CO., Ribbons, Silks, MiUinery and Straw Goods, No. 26 Summer and No. 98 Hawley Street.— Boston has one house which, if all the others were obliterated, would still entitle her to national supremac.v as having the great leading representative of the wholesale trade in ribbons, silks, millinery and straw goods. We refer, of course, to the old and cele- brated firm of G. R. Fisk & Co., successors to Plimpton, Fisk & Co., the scope of whose operations, resources, connections [ • and policy has enabled them to retain the largest trade of the kind in New England. This immense business is the out come of the enterprises started by J. W. Plimpton & Co. in 1840, as dealers in small wares and furnishing goods, and by Messrs. A. Partridge, E. E. Plimpton and Geo. R. Fisk in 1853 as wholesale dealers in millinery goods, the two firms consolidating their interests in 1868, under the firm name ot J. W. Plimpton & Co. In 1874 the firm became Plimpton, Fisk & Co., and in March, 1890, the present firm was organized. Mr. J. W. Plimpton had died in 1867, Mr. A. Partridge in 1861, Mr. E. E. Plimpton in 1876, and Mr. Albert Plimpton in March, 1890, leaving Mr. Geo. R. Fisk the sole survivor of the two original firms, while the present firm comprised also Messrs. J. B. Spiller, John MoCandlish and B. F. Janes who had been members of the firm since 1874, and Mr. W. H. Squires, who came into the firm in 1878. All of the new firm were therefore old in experience, and a more competent body of business men cannot be found in any one firm in the city. They bring to bear every possible qualification, and have long retained the respect and confidence of the millinery trade. The business premises at No. 158 Washington Street were destroyed by fire in 1872, and the present building, at Nos. 26 Summer and 98 Hawley Streets, has been occupied since 1874. The internal arrangements are complete, and a thorough system of organization is enforced, in every way rendering the concern a model one, and one which contains the largest stock in its line. The firm also operate an office at No. 530 Broad- way, New York, established in 1886. This firm are direct importers and leading jobbers in ribbons, silks, millinery and straw goods, and possess the finest opportunities in the markets of both Europe and America. They take advantage of every fluctuation in prices, of the great trade sales and forced offerings of mills and commission houses, and are unquestionably the best prepared of any New England house to offer the choicest and latest goods in their line at the most moderate prices. The stock always includes the latest styles and newest shades in silks and ribbons, while the millinery department contains the freshest Parisian novelties in flowers, feathers, ornaments trimmed hats and bon- nets. A large corps of talented salesmen represent the house upon the road, and the great resources and facilities of the firm enable them to guarantee the prompt and perfect fulfillment of the largest orders, while terms are made invariably satisfactory to the trade. Mr. Geo. R. Fisk, the honored head of the house, is a native of Upton, Mass., and now resides in New York City. Mr. Spiller was born in Ipswich, Mass., and came into the house in 1862. Mr. McCandlish is a native Bostonian, and has been connected with the house since boyhood. Mr. Janes was born in Charlestown, whfle Mr. Squires is a native of Ware, Mass., and both have been in the house since they were mere boys. We know of no house more satisfactorily constituted for the successful conduct of such a business, and none certainly which so worthily stands betwixt the producers and retailers of millinery and straw goods. 120 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. HE LACING STUD COMPANY, Manufacturers o£ Lacing Studs and Hooks, W. C. Bray, Treasurer, No. 55 Lincoln Street.— Brominenl among the manufacturers of specialties peculiar to their respective establishments in Boston stands the Lacing Stud Co., whose office and salesrooms are located at No. 55 Lincoln Street, with a factory at Wollaston, Mass. This company are extensive manufacturers of studs and hooks for boots and shoes, and enjoy a reputation and a trade thoroughly national in extent and eminently creditable in character. The company was incorporated in 1873, under the laws of the State of Connecticut, and is offtoered and managed by Francis Batcheller, president; W. C. Bray, treasurer. Employment is given to a large number of skilled hands at the factory, and the output is one of great magnitude and importance. Every enterprising and progres- sive method is brought to bear in the manufacture to improve the quality, enhance the value and cheapen the cost of production, and as a result the goods are widely preferred by shoe manufacturers and supply houses throughout the country to those of any other make, and the trade of the house is annually increasing in volume and value. The largest orders are promptly and carefully filled, and the terms and prices quoted are thoroughly satisfactory to buyers. Shipments are made to all sections of the United States, and a fine growing export trade is also enjoyed with numerous foreign countries. The president, Mr. 6atcheller, is of the well-known boot and shoe firm of the E. & A. H. Batcheller Co., of Boston. The treasurer, Mr. Bray, is an expert and talented manufacturer of large experience and established repu- tation in this industry, possessing a foundation understanding of all the requirements of manufactm-ers and dealers, and is eminently popular and successful in meeting all their demands. HE BARNEY VENTILATING FAN COMPANY, No. 70 Pearl Street.-The Barney Ventilating Fan Co., whose principal head- quarters are located at No. 70 Pearl Street, with works on Utica Street, are sole manufacturers of the Barney Compound Venti- lating Wheel, the most approved, powerful and efficacious air-moving device in the world . The employment of tans and venti- lating wheels as positive air movers is by no means new, but by mis-application they have had a slow march to the front. Years of experience have cow established the fact that ventilating wheels, properly constructed and applied to all forms of ventilation, are permanently and pre-eminently at the front of all devices for securing a positive circulation of air, and can be used to great advantage wherever small motive power can be obtained, and in this age of steam, electric, gas and water motors, the cases are comparatively few where the Barney Compound Ventilating Wheel cannot be introduced and successfully used for positive air moving. The Barney Ventilating Fan Company is prepared to contract for the full installment of heating and ventilating plants, and guarantee them to fill all the demands and requirements of the object sought. A few of the most frequent applications of these wheels for the removal of steam are to dye-houses, bleacher- ies, paper mills, slasher rooms, bi'eweries, wash rooms, shodd.y mills, laundries, glue manufactories, cylinder dryers, vulcan- izing rooms, and all kinds of drying plants. Surprising work has been done in the way of removing floating dust from turn • bier rooms, pulverizing mills, picker rooms, and glass polish- ing, buffing, sand papering, carpet beating, grain cleaning, dusting, rag cutting and grinding macliines of all kinds. When applied to halls of audience, churches, school-houses, public halls, theaters, libraries, banks, hospitals, public institutions, manufactories, and in short, any place occupied by human beings in greater or less numbers, the Barney Compound Ventilating Wheel is guaranteed to move at the same horse-power one-third more air than any other device in the world, and, all things being equal, three times the volume of any flat-bladed fan. This wheel is consti-ucted with a viewto service, made of the best material to be obtained, carefully adjusted, balanced and put together, and fully guaranteed to be the best wheel for moving large volumes of air at the smallest outlay of power extant. It is in great and growing demand, not only in all parts of the United States, but in England, Germany, France, Russia, Brazil, Spain, Austria, Sweden, Norway, China, Japan, Australia, Mexico, South America, the West Indies and the otlier great nations in the world. This company also handle the best and most extensive line of blowers, exhausters, heaters, dry kiln appurtenances, counter-shafts, blastgates, steam traps, and steam engines in the world, and apply the same tor every conceivable demand. They are also prepared to furnish at the lowest prices, steam, gas, electric and water motors of all horse-powers and for all purposes. Mr. James E. Barney, tlie manager of this company, is the inventor and patentee of the ventilating wheel which bears his name, and has made the subject a study for the past twenty years. He is to be congratulated upon the permanent success achieved by this com- pany through his inventive genius and well-directed enterprise. FRANCIS HAYWARD, Rubber Goods, No. 160 Congress Street.— There is no substance now in use that is capable of subserv- ■ ing so many and varied purposes of man as India rubber. Not only are water-proof garments and boots and shoes made of tins material, but a great number of fabrics and articles especially adapted for mechanical purposes. Each year but enlarges its sphere of usefulness, and its manufacture is increasing in enormous proportions. A leading headquarters for both hard J and soft rubber goods of every description, in this city, is the establishment of Mr. J. Francis Hayward, located at No. 160 Congress Street, corner of Franklin Street. This gentleman has been connected with the rubber business for the past twenty- five years, and established his present enterprise here in 1888, as selling agent for the Elastic Rubber Co., and the Standard Rubber Co., and as a wholesale dealer in rubber goods generally. He also owns and operates retail stores at the following places, viz: Hope Rubber Co., No. 83 Westminster Street, Providence, R. I.; Lowell Rubber Co., No. 61 Central Street, Lowell, Mass. ; Worcester Rubber Co., No. 334 Main Street, Worcester, Mass. ; New Hampshire Rubber Co , No. 949 Elm Street, Manchester, N. H. ; Lawrence Rubber Co., No. 427 Essex Street, Lawrence, Mass. ; Fall River Rubber Co., No. 9 S. Main Street, Fall River, Mass. His Boston warehouse comprises two floors, 60 x 110 feet each, and here Ls displayed at all times a very large and elegant stock of goods suited to the wants of tlie trade in all parts of the country. The assort- ments are thoroughly complete and comprehensive, and include rubber clothing, boots and shoes, ladies' and gent's gossamer clothing, drug- gists' sundries, elastic bands and rings, syringes of all kinds, endless belts and machine bolting in large assortment, rubber hose, rubber door mats, pails and buckets, steam packing, carpeting, stair plates, door springs, wagon springs, weather strips, umbrellas, toys, gloves, drinking cups, dolls, chair tips, brushes and a thousand and one things both useful and ornamental. Special attention is given to the character and quality of the productions, the aim being not only to meet every want in this line, but to offer the very best in every case that the markets afford. A corps of talented salesmen I'epresent the house upon the road, and the largest orders receive prompt and perfect fulfillment, while the prices quoted are such as are safe from successful competition. Mr. Hayward is a native of North Easton, Mass., and now resides in Quincy. He was for some years connected with the Boston Belting Company, and is a member of the Rubber Manufacturers' Association, and stands deservedly high in commercial, financial and trade circles. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. 127 ilLL. CLARKE & CO., Iroa and Brass Working Machinery and Machine Shop SuppHes, Nos. 156 to 1&4- Oliver Street.— The house of Messrs. Hill, Clarke & Co., at Nos. 156 to 164 Oliver Street, has achieved an international reputation and pat- ronage as being headquarters for the best makes of iron and brass-working machinery extant. The business was established in 1865 under its present name and style, by Messrs. Hamilton A. Hill, Henry W. Clarke and Heni^ Pickering, and in 1880 Mr. Charles A. Clarke and in 18S1 Mr. Joseph Wainwright were admitted to partnership, with- out change in the firm name. The wai'ehouse of the firm in this city contains 150,000 square feet of floor space, •and they also have a second warehouse in Worcester. As the acknowledged leaders in their line in Boston, they carry the largest stock of the kind in the city, including lathes, planes, upright drills, boring mills, bolt cutters, pulley machines, power hammers, shapers, key seaters, milling machines, grinding machines, pipe machines, and general machine shop supplies. The firm are espe- cially prominent in trade circles as agents for such well-known manufacturers as the Brainard Milling Machine Co., of Boston; Flather & Co., Nashua, N. H. ; P. Blaisdell & Co., Prentice Bros., Lathe & Morse and Whitcomb Mfg. Co., all of Worcester, Mass. ; D. E. Whitton* New London, Conn.; Westcott Chuck Co., Oneida, N. Y. ; and Hendy Machine Co., Torrington, Conn. The productions of these and other leading manufacturers are always kept in stock, and significant advantages are extended to customers in th& matter of terms and prices. Shipments are made not only to all part of the United States, but also to regular customers in England, France, Germany, Switzerland' Sweden, Canada and the Provinces. Orders of whatever.magnitude receive immediate and careful attention, and all the great resources of the house are used to promote the interests of its patrons. The Messrs. Clarke and Mr. Hill were born in Worcester County, Mass., while Messrs. Pickering and Wainwright are native Bostonians: and all thoroughly trained in this branch of commerce, and are gentlemen of experience, sagacity and high repute. W. GREGORY & CO., Manufacturers, Importers and Dealers in Oils, Varnishes, Starches and Cements, Office, No. 104 Broad Street. — A prominent and widely known Boston oil firm is that of F. W. Gregory & Co., office. No. 104 Broad Street, and Nos. 1 and 3 Wharf Street. They are manufacturers, importers and dealers, handling all kinds of animal, vegetable and mineral oils, importers of olive oil and olive soap stocks, high-grade varnishes, lubricants and kindred preparations, and their trade which is large and active extends throughout the New England States and the Provinces. Every article sold by this responsible house is fully warranted and the prices quoted are invariably the lowest figures at which such goods can be sold, the most liberal inducements being offered to dealers and large consumers. The firm are agents for Columbia Refining Co. of New York, manufacturers of cylinder oils, lubricants and greases and for Hildreth Varnish Company, factory Long Island City, N. Y.. manufacturers of superfine coach and car varnishes. They also handle large quantities of potato starch, also corn-starch, while they deal quite extensively, likewise, in pure para cement, for channeling, overlap and other work; paste cement, oil proof, etc. The quarters occupied as salesrooms on Broad Street are commodious, ample and well ordered, and the office is connected by telephone, No. 2689. An efficient staff of clerks, sales- men, etc., are employed and a full and first-class stock is constantly kept on hand here, all orders for anything in the line above indicated being filled in the most prompt and rehable manner. Mr. Gregory, who is the sole proprietor (the " Co.'' being nominal), is a gentleman of middle age, well and favorably known in the trade and is a prominent member of the Boston Oil Trade Association. He was at one time the proprietor of the Columbia Refining Company of New York and subsequently was of the firm of Spear & Gregory some twenty years, being engaged in business alone, as at present, since 1886. |RAVELERS INSURANCE COMPANY, S. F. Woodman, General Agent, Boston Office, State and Kilby Steets.— At the pre - ent day insurance against accidents is becoming universal. Any person, whether walking, riding, driving, boating, traveling by land or water, or engaged in the usual vocations of life, is liable at any moment to unforeseen disaster. It costs very much less than life insurance and is therefore more within the reach of the million. The old reliable Travelers Insurance Company, of Hartford. Conn., has attained the largest measure of popularity with the general public in the vast field of acci- dent insurance, while in life insurance proper it also offers unsurpassed advantages and benefits. Its general agent in Boston is Mr. S. F. Woodman, whose office is eligibly located at the corner of State and Kilby Streets. It is the largest accident insurance company in the world and is also unquestionably the most reliable and desirable to insure with. Its pohcies are liberal in their provisions. The rates vary according to hazard of calling from $5.00 for each $1,000 of insurance, with $5.00 weekly indemnity, up to $10.00 per $1,000; the full principal sum is paid for loss of both hands, both feet, a hand and foot, or in case of blindness caused by accident. One-third the principal sum will be paid for loss of single hand or foot. Accident tickets at twenty-five cents per day are issued to travelers, though not limited to the accidents of travel. The company has a cash capital of $600,000, and its annual statement, made January 1, 1891, shows total assets, $12,344,467.39; surplus as regards policy holders, $2,080,744.00; its loss payments in 1890 reached $1,750,000. Mr. Woodman, the general agent, has resided in this city for more than twenty-five years, and entered the Boston office of Ihis company in 1865; had charge of the Montreal office for two years, and has been general agent here for the past thirteen years. He served in the Forty-eighth Massachusetts Infantry one year during the war, is a member of the Life Underwriters' Association, and is now collecting $100,000 or more in premiums, in both life and accident insurance in this city and vicinity annually, and is highly esteemed in the community for his promptness, courtesy and business reliability. JIEBC ANTILE MUTUAL ACCIDENT ASSOCIATION, No. 18 Post Office Square,— One of the "wisest systems of modern times is that which provides a way for protection against financial loss in the event of accidents causing physical disabihty. There is no kind of insurance which .should be so popular as accident insurance. The premiums or assessments are small and not bur- densome, while in case of an accident the payments are prompt and come in excellently to make good the time lost by inabil- ity to attend to one's trade or profession. The money secured against loss by accident is invariably paid, either to the insured, or in event of death to his family, if he exercises the precaution to insure in a reliable and honorable company. Such a corporation is the Mercantile Mutual Accident Association of Boston, whose home office is at No. 18 Post Office Square, and which is now in the eleventh year of its prosperity. The Association was organized January, 1S81, and incorporated under the state laws of Massa- chusetts, and under prudent, liberal management, and a conservative yet progressive policy it has been increasingly successful from the outset, the patronage gro%ving at a healthy rate with each succeeding year, until now the membership amounts to about five thousand. The Association has paid over two" thousand six hundred claims, amounting to over $180,000.00, has never allowed a just claim to be litigated, has no claims due and unpaid, while every proven claim has been promptly settled. The annual report for 1890 showed the affairs of the company to be m a most gratifying condition, the assets being $29,257.82; and Habilities (contingent) $10,500.00; certificates issued during the past year 5,000, for the amount of $13,000,000; the losses and claims paid in 1890, number 232, were $19,865.57. Areserve fund of $9,000.00 is on deposit with the State treasurer of Massachusetts. The Association is hcensed to do business in this state, Maine, New York and Michigan, has local agents in the principal cities of those States, and does business in other sections of the country through its correspondents. The officers of the company are prominently known business men. William L. Wellman has held the position of secretary since the Association was founded, previous to which he was for some years engaged in the insurance business. He possesses an expert knowledge of every department of bis vocation, has a staff of competent assistants, and is always pleased to impart any information regarding the Mercantile Mutual Accident Association. 128 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. iOWE, BROWN & CO., [Limited,] Manufacturers of Steel of all descriptions, Works at Pittsburgh, Pa., Boston Branch, No. 127 Oliver Street.— Among the most important American industries is the manufacture of cast steel, and one of the old and prom- inent representatives of this great interest is the firm of Messrs. Howe, Brown & Co., [Limited,] of Pittsburgh, Pa, Their works have been carried on for many years and are very extensive, comprising several rolling mills and a complete plant of machinery and appliance for the manufacture of cast steel of all descriptions, and is the oldest crucible cast steel plant in America. The superior quality of the product is well known to the trade and to consumers. The firm also have a branch house in Chicago. The New England branch has been established in this city for twenty-four years. Mr. Eph. Smith has been the manager for some four months past. He is thoroughly familiar with the business, having been connected with the house for many years. The ware- house is located at No. 127 Oliver Street. It is 50 x 125 feet in dimensions, and contains a full line of the firm's manufactures. The present firm of Howe, Brown & Co., [Limited,] was formerly Hussey, Howe & Co., [Limited,] who were successors to Hussey, Wells & Co. JRPHY VARNISH COMPANY, Franklin Murphy, President, No. 140 Pearl Street.— The Murphy Varnish Company, who operate extensive factories at Newark, N. J. and Chicago, III., and branch estabUshments at Cleveland, St Louis and Boston, are among the largest varnish makers in this country. The business was founded in 1865, by Murphy & Co., in a small way, at Newark, N. J. The superior quality of the product was early recognized, and the demand rapidly increased, necessitating frequent additions to the facilities for production. In 1881 a stock company was formed, under the original firm name, and in January, 1891, the present company was incorporated, with a capital of $3,000,000, and with the following officers and managers, to wit: Franklin Murphy, president, Newark, N. J. ; James G. Barnet vice-president, Newark, N. J. ; William H. Murphy, treasurer, Newark, N. J. ; Charles D. Ettinger, secretary, Chicago, 111. ; Henry M. Murphy, E. M. superintendent, Newark, N. J. ; Joseph Merrill, Jr., general manager, Newark N. J. These gentlemen have been brought up in the trade, and bring to bear the essential qualifications of vast practical experience, perfected facilities and sound judgment. The works at Newark and Chicago cover a large area and are fully equipped with the latest improved machinery and appliances with large furnaces, vats, tanks and other conveniences for turning out the enormous quantities of these goods that are annually consumed. The company control the best formula and rules for the production of the most perfect varnishes, and have repeat- edly demonstrated the superiority of their goods to any others in the market. The immense and increasing sales to the trade everywhere indicate how highly they are appreciated. The Boston house is eligibly located at No. 140 Pearl Street, and is under the expert management of Mr. F. H. Appleton, who has been with the company for the past ten years and possesses a foundation understanding of all the details of the business and the requirements of the ti-ade. He has here a storage capacity for 25,000 gallons of varnish, and is prepared to supply the trade throughout New England in quantities to suit at the shortest possible notice, and at terms and prices which are safe from successful compe- tition. The sales of the house are large and active with leading retailers in Boston, Providence, New Haven, Lowell, Worcester, Springfield, Hartford, Fall River, Lawrence, Lynn, Manchester, Concord, Portland, Bangor, Bridgeport, Salem, New Bedford, Gloucester, Newport^ Pawtucket, Lewaston, Burlington, Rutland, St. Albans, Augusta and other New England towns. The officers of the company have achieved a record accorded only to those whose transactions are based upon the strictest principles of commercial honor, and they are worthy repre- sentatives of the greatest advance made in this important branch of skilled industry in America; while Mr. Appleton, the manager in this city, is a gentleman of large experience, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth, with whom it is always pleasant and profitable to deal. rirURGIS & CABOT, Architects, Room No. 9, No. 19 Exchange Place.— The architectural advancement during the past decade of American development is as remarkable for its beauty and elegance as for its utility and stabiUty. Here in Boston the work of leading local architects is of a character to elicit the warmest commendations of the public and the favorable opin- ion of experts. A leading firm identified with this profession is that of Messrs. Sturgis & Cabot, who occupy Boom No. 9, at No. 19 Exchange Place. They bring to bear in their enterprise the experience of several years' close study, and practical application of the science and art of the skilled architect, and have evinced marked originality in dealing with the diffi- cult and ever varying problems and requirements of the building enterprises contracted for. The business of this house was founded thirty years ago by Messrs. Sturgis & Brigham, Mr. JohnH. Sturgis afterward becoming the sole proprietor, and on his death, in 1888, he was succeeded by his nephew, Mr. R. C. Sturgis and Mr. W. R. Cabot. The former is a native of Boston, a graduate of Harvard College, and member of the Boston Architectural Club, the American Institute of Architects, and the Boston Society of Architects. Mr. Cabot was also born in this city, and is a member of the Boston Architectural Club and Boston Society of Architects. Much notable work has been done by this house, among other buildings being the Bostou Art Museum, also extension to same, Boston Athletic Association Building, Church of the Advent, extension to same. Young Men's Christian Association Building, and residences for Nathaniel Thayer, E. V. R. Thayer, Fred. S. Ames, Mrs. Blake, Beacon Street, Dr. H. P. Quincy, etc., etc. Messrs. Sturgis & Cabot make in their designs of buildings the same careful study of the interior requirements as of the exterior; their computations are accurate, their plans thoroughly homogeneous and practical, and their style of architecture pure and symmetrical. Their aim is to secure to the owner the best results within the hmits of estimates, and their close adherence to specifications, and careful supervision of builders, point them out as sound business men, as well as architects of the very highest attainments. |HE ASHTON VALVE COMPANY, Manufacturers of the Ashton " Pop " Safety Valves and the Noiseless Blow Back Valve, No. 271 Franklin Street,— A representative and thoroughly progressive industrial institution of Boston is that of the Ashton Valve Company, located at No. 271 Franklin Street. This company are internationally famous as manufacturers of the Ashton Lock-up " Pop " Safety Valves, for locomotive, stationary, marine and portable boilers; also the noiseless blow back valve, and water relief valves for pumps and stand pipes. The company was incorporated in 1871, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $150,000, and is officered as follows: C. J. Bishop, president; H. G. Ashton, general man- ager; Wm. Howell Reed, treasurer. The works are thoroughly spacious in size, and are admirably equipped with every modern appliance- tending to facilitate rapid and perfect production. This company has a large share of the business in safety valves for both stationary and marine boilers in this country, maintaining their quality and reputation in all the competitions of trade. They never cheapen their product under any temptation. Their standard is to produce the best goods that can be made in the present state of the art. Its steadily inci'easing business during the last twenty years affords the strongest possible evidence of the superior merits of its goods. They have been awarded six highest premiums, in both gold and silver medals, in competition with other makes, and their valves have been adopted by the United States Government, endorsed by insurance companies, recommended by prominent architects and engineers, and in use on over one hundred and fifty railroads and on thousands of boilers in every State of the Union, while they are also in demand in all parts of the world. The best materials are invariably used, and only skilled mechanics are employed. The company also have a specialty department, which enables them to design and furnish on application special valves for special needs, which often occur in steam or hydraulic engineering. By using the Ash- ton valves on your boilers, you are insured from explosions and their dire consequences. The affairs of the company are placed in able and competent hands and the house worthily maintains a prominent position in its useful and valuable industry, reflecting the highest credit on all concerned. Branch offices are operated at No. 218 Lake Street. Chicago, and No. 107 Liberty Street, New York, while the company can claim with mighty England that the sun never sets upon the products of their industry. BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. 12^ HO.AIAS SEWALL, Real Estate and Mortgages, Notary Public, and Justice of the Peace, No. 194 Washington Street.— Mr. Thomas Sewall of No. 194 Washington Street, made his initiatory efifort in business upon the basis of his own resources during the currency of the year 18«8, the place of bis operations at that date being as at present. Prior to the gentleman's first embarkation upon the business highway, he had, for many years, been bookkeeper for Messrs. John P. Lovell & Sons, of Washington Street, his alliance with that concern being characterized by the constant maintenance of the most exalted principles. Mr Sewall is a notary pubhc and a justice of the peace and he transacts a heavy Business as a broker in real State House. estate and mortgages. His operations embrace the purchase, sale and exchange of realty, the nego- tiation of loans and the examination of titles. He furnishes plans and estimates and makes contracts for buildings and he prepares mortgages, deeds and leases. Mr. Sewall's clientage is located within the city and its environs and the same is of expanding and highly valuable order. The quarters occupied by the gentleman, Room No. 8, consist of an excellently appointed ofiSce. Mr. Sewall is a young man of indomitable perseverance and unusual ability. He is a member of the Free and Accepted Masons. RICHARDSON, HILL & CO., Bonds, Stocks, Commercial Paper, Etc., No. 40 Water Street.— The firm of Richardson, Hill & Co., have been prominently identified with the financial world for twenty odd years, and during that period the busi- ness which they conduct has attained to large proportions, and their house is recognized as a leading one in its special field. They deal extensively in commercial paper, to the amount of millions of dollars per year, and are general bankers and brokers. They buy and sell on commission all kinds of stocks, bonds and securities, which are listed on the various stock exchanges of the country, and are members of both the Boston and New York Stock Exchan- ges. Their offices are eligibly located at No. 40 Water Street, and are connected by private wire with New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore, while the firm have agents and correspondents in all parts of the world. They keep a keen eye upon the market and are considered leading authorities upon actual values, which their extended and influential connection enable them to secure much infor- mation of mutual and incalculable benefit to their large clientele and themselves. Possessing ample capital and a wide and varied experi- ence in monetary matters, this firm are well able to handle all business in the most satisfactory manner, while their standing in the city and with those best able to judge is such as to give the utmost confidence to all. They conduct their business upon the soundest principles of honor and integrity, and are ever cognizant of the true position of a house that holds the interests of others in its hands. The business was originally established October 1, 1869, by Messrs. Spencer W. Richardson, William H. Hill, Jr. and Ed. D. Adams, as Richardson, Hill & Co. In 1878 Mr. Adams retired, and the same year Mr. Henry W. Dodd, who had been cashier in the house for several years, was admitted to partnership. In October, 1880, Messrs. Frank E. James and Geo. A. Farlow, who had been clerks in the house from 71 and '73 respectively, were also admitted to the firm. Mr. Fai-low retired in 1890. The copartners belong to that class of steady, conservative business men to whom Boston owes so much of her commercial supremacy and financial prosperity. 130 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. jEO. H. MORRISON. Engineer, No. 6 Federal Street.— The increasing usS of electricity as a motive power has called for the exercise of the highest order of professional skill and experience in order to secure the best results. The leading engineer in Boston engaged in making practical tests of steam, electrical and all other power plants, is Mr. Geo. H. Morrison, who occupies eligible office quarters at No. 6 Federal Street. This gentleman is known all over the j United States as an expert in his line, and was for several years an engineer in the United States Navy. He established himself in the practice of |his profession here in 1866, and has developed wide-spread and influential connections bringing to bear every possible qualification and being at all times prepared to undertake the most difficult and com- plicated work in the engineering and experimental line. His services are in constant and important request in making practi- cal tests of steam, electrical and other power plants, in which he is noted for the greatest accuracy; while another feature of his busi- ness is weighing power and indicating engines, in which he is acknowledged to be pre-eminent. He is recognized as thoroughly proficient and the best qualified of any in the profession to do all work thoroughly and accurately and at moderate rates, and enjoys the confidence of large corporations and mill-owners in this and other sections of the country who have experienced the benefits of his careful study and technical knowledge. Those who are interested will find it most advantageous to communicate with him, as he is an authority upon all mat- ters to which he devotes his time and talents, and is so recognized in the industrial world. Mr. Morrison is a native Bostonian, in the active i of life and has become justly celebrated as an engineer of the highest attainments and soundest judgment. BOSTON RUBBER CO., No. 9 Otis Street, Winthrop Square.— As a source of supplies for every kind of manufactured goods the cit7 of Boston possesses advantages and facilities to meet the wants of dealers and consumers equal, if not superior, to any other city in the Union. Numerous and varied as are the industries here represented, they are ever multiplying, happily as the city expands itself and the population increases. One of the enterprises which has gained a permanent foothold in our midst and assumed the leading position in its line is that conducted by the Boston Rubber Company, at No. 9 Otis Street. Winthrop Square. This company was oi'ganized in 1878, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of S40 000 which has since been increased to $300,000. The company are extensive manufacturers of rubber clothing, boots and shoes, car- riage cloths and wringer rolls, operating large factories at Chelsea and Franklin, Mass., and giving employment to from five hundi-ed to six hundred hands. The business has been managed with signal ability and the company has enjoyed a remarkably successful career, vigilance, activity and integrity having been its characteristics from the start. They now[ manufacture more wringer rolls than aU other houses in the world put together, and in all departments of their business they are always able to offer terms equal with any other house in the world. As manufacturers of boots and shoes they have ever pursued a wisely conservative course, their goods being celebrated for their wearing quahties as well as for their excellent style and fit, and continue to be the favorite make with the trade throughout the United States This house cannot be undersold, while its great resources and perfected faeihties enable it to guarantee the prompt and perfect fulfillment of all orders. The officers of this company are as follows, viz. : President and Treasurer, George H. Hood; Secretary, F. C. Hood ; Mrectors, George A. Alden, A. H. Alden. M. H. GALLISON, Engineers' Specialties, No. 36 Oliver Street.— Boston has no manufactur- ing establishment whose product is in geatei request or of more practical utility and value than that of Mr. Wm. H. Gallison, manufact urer of special brass work for steam fitters plumbers and engineers, and dealer in engineers' specialties whose foundry, work-shop and salesrooms are located at N i 36 Oliver Street. This gentleman has been established in the business here since 1879, and has conducted the same w ith signal ability and steadily increasing success. He is espe cially prominent as agent for New England for the Consoli- dated Safety Valve Company, manufacturers of "pop' safety valves, Richardson- Ashcroft patent solid nickel-seated " pop " safety valves, witli adjustable screw ring, for station ary or marine boilers. These valves have been approved by the U. S. Board o£ Supervising Inspectors, and more than 100,000 of them are now in use in the United States, Canada and Great Britain, also Richardson's patent portable farm engine, hoisting engine, steam fire engine and steam launch valves, made with lockup attachment, to prevent tampering with the valves. Mr. Gallison is also sole New England agent of the Ashcroft Manufacturing Company, manufacturers of steam and vacuum gauges, with springs of solid drann seamless tubes; marine and locomotive clocks, combination water pressure gauges, standard test gauges, ammonia gauges, Ashcroft's low water detectors, Ashcrof t's self-clean ing gauge cocks, gas fitters' proving pumps and gauges, sciew and level hydiauhc test pumps pyrometers, s-ihnometers, and all instruments for measuring the pressure of steam, air, gas or water; Tabor's patent steam engine indicator and attachments. This house is a recognized headquarters for iron and brass pipe and fittings of every description , and for engineers' specialties, such as packings, oils, oil cups, oil filters, oil pumps, ejectors, injectors, inspirators, lubricators and lubricating compounds, dies and die plates, flue cleaners, fusible plugs, gaskets, gas pliers, glass tubes, grease cups and grease extractors, hydrometers, thermometers, tachometers, steam cocks, pantagraph, planimeter, pol- ishin'^ liquids, polishing paste, siphons for gauges, pipe drills, pipe taps, tube expanders, hose and hose nozzles and pipes, hand lamps, lanterns fire pails, belt lacings, belt dressings, damper regulators, cosmic, emery cloth, wrenches, whistles, waste, etc., etc. Many of the leading machinists and engineers in Boston and throughout New England purchase all their supplies at this house, being attracted by the honorable methods in force, the superior inducements offered and the promptness with which all their orders are fulfilled. With a full outfio of machinery and appliances at hand, Mr. GaUison is prepared to make special brass work of any kind to order, and to cut pipe of any size, to plan or dimen- sions at short notice; and to make brass and nickeled pipe railings for engine rooms, nickel plating is skilfully executed, and repair work is promptly attended to. The exigencies of the business require the services of some seventy skilled workmen, and the business is broadly dis- tributed over New England. Mr. Gallison is a native of Marblehead and a resident of Boston; he was for some time connected with the house of Morris Tasker& Co., and is known as an upright, reliable and useful citizen, and an expert and accomplished manager of his business. He is a member of the Manufacturers' Club and has just been honored by having one of the newest and handsomest tug boats plying this harbor named for him. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 131 F. CREHORE & SON, Manufacturers of Press Papers and Cards for Jacquard Looms, Office, No. 87 Milk, Corner of Congress Street. Room No. 35.— Among the old established manufacturing industries of this section of the country is that of press papers and cards for Jacquard looms, Messrs. C. F. Crehore &. Son, proprietors. Their office is at No. 87 Milk Street. The mills in which Mr. Lemuel Crehore became a copartner in 18:^5 with Mr. Wm. Hurd are at Newton Lower Falls. In 1834 they became the exclusive property of Mr. Lemuel Crehore, who for ten years carried on the business in copartner- ship with Benjamin Neal; since which they have been run individually by Mr. Crehore, or in company with one or the other of his sous. The eldest son, C. F. Crehore entered the business in 18fj7, and since his father's death in 18tJH has continued it. In 1882 his son Frederic M. became a copartner under the present firm name. Their mills are equipped with four water wheels, two steam engines, four paper engines and one paper machine. The firm manufactures paper for pi'essing cloths in woolen mills and about one ton per day is produced. The excellent reputation of this house is so widely known and so thoroughly established that it needs no words of recom- mendation from us. The trade extends to all parts of the United States and is largely with woolen mills of Missouri, Philadelphia, and New England. Mr. C. F. Crehoi-e is a native of Newton and still resides there, Mr. F. M. Crehore, the son, is also a native of Newton and both partners are held iu the highest estimation in commercial circles for their sound business principles and sterling integrity, and their career is a credit alike to themselves and to the city. pTIHt»i |N this age of machinery and where progress is the order of the day in new inven- tions in every kind of ma- chinery for nearly evei-y purpose, the enormous in- crease in the demand for leather belting of all kinds for the transmission of power has rendered its manufacture a prominent and representative industry in the United States and one which is continually on the in- crease; competition only serving to increase skill of American manufacturers. The leading and best known belt- ing house represented in Boston is the Shultz Belting Company, manu- facturers of Shultz Patent Fulled Leather Belting, whose works are located in St. Louis, with Boston branch at No. 164 Summer Street. This company has been flourish- ing since 1876, being represented constantly in this city, and supplies its New England trade from this --^'" house. This belting is made of leather, tanned on the surface only; the interior (which is the of the hide) is not tanned, but raw hide, fulled and softened by their patent process; this gives it the i lich causes it to closely hug the pulley, thereby enabling it to transmit more power than any other belt. It does not pull out the lace holes or rivets, and stretches less than any other belt. It works equally well for the largest driving belts or for the fastest running machinery and smallest pul- leys. Their " fulled leather " combines imperviousness to climatic influences and complete pliabiHty, and thus the two main objections to oak-tanned leather, viz. : stiffness and danger of being over-tanned are entirely obviated. In testing this company's belt with oak-tanned belting at Mr. Robert Grimshaw's engineering and expert offices, Philadelphia, Pa., this company's belting showed, with a tension of only forty-three and three-quarter pounds per inch in width, a grip of seventy-eight pounds on a thirty-six inch pulley, contact half the circum- ference, as against twenty-eight and one-quarter pounds, the average grip of oak-tanned; and with a double belt, with a tension of fifty-six and one-quarter pounds per inch in width or about the usual tension of a single belt, had a grip of one hundred and three pounds as against twenty-eight and one-quarter pounds. A full supply of this superior belting is kept in stock in this city, besides rawhide lace leather, picker leather and general mill supplies. Orders of whatever magnitude are filled promptly and the trade is large and active throughout all the New England States. Mr. W. P. Mullen, the vice-president of the company has the management of this branch and is a gentleman of large business experience, wide acquaintance and eminent popularity with whom it will be found both pleasant and profitable to deal. |MPIRE LAUNDRY MACHINERY COMPANY, H. S. Porter, General Manager, Nos. 185 and 187 High Street.— The greatest suc- cess in the manufacture of laundry machinery has been achieved by the Empire Laundry Machinery Company, whose eastern salesroom is located at Nos. 185 and 187 High Street. This company has its work^ at Watertown, and it was incorporated in 1883, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, and with Jno. L. Shorey, pres- ident; Geo. L. Shorey, treasurer; H. S. Porter, general manager. The works at "Watertown, ai'e splendidly equipped with machinery and appliances tending to facilitate rapid and perfect production, and steady employment is given to one hundred skilled hands. The main object of the management has been to construct such mechanism as should be durable, rapid and perfect in its operation, and at the minimum of cost, and in this design they have attained a complete success, as is well proven by the career of the company and the great popularity of its products the world over. The machinery bearing the imprint of this company is so perfect and exact in construction and operation as to reduce the work of washing, starching and ironing to a simple mechanical operation, while it is in heavy and increasing demand not only in all parts of the United States but also in Australia, Canada, the Provinces and numerous European countries. Among the laundries in this section of the country supplied by this company may be named those at the Hotel Vendome, Boston Tavern, the Tremont House, United States Hotel, St. Mary's Hospital, Boston City Hospital, Harvard College and many others. The company own numerous patents for washing, ironing, starching and crimping machinery, and are in a position to guarantee the prompt and perfect fulfillment of all orders and to place all transactions on a thoroughly substantial and satisfactory basis. The company manage their 'Own salesrooms in Boston, New York, Chicago, San Francisco and Mel- bourne, Australia, and shipments are made to all parts of the world. The officers of the company are experienced manufacturers and have achieved a position in the community that entitles them to universal respect and consideration. 133 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. !1UNARD STEAMSHIP COMPANY, [Limited], No. 99 State Street, Alexander Martin, Agent.— Tlie annals of steam navi. gation will ever accord a prominent place to the Cunard Steamship Company, as being tor years the leader in the construction and operation of the modern high power steamship, as well as in the introduction of everything that could in any way appertain to the safety, comfort and celerity of the transatlantic passage. The Boston office of this company is located at No. 99 State Street, under the management of Mr. Alexander Martin as agent, and with the best of wharfage facilities at East Boston. The company has been represented here since early in the fifties, Mr. Martin succeeding to the control in 1886, having been chief clerk in the ofilce for fourteen years previously. The company's Atlantic fleet comprises the Etruria, 8000 tons; the Umbria, 8000 tons; the Servia, 8000 tons; the Aurania, 7500 tons; the Pavonia, 6000 tons; the Cephalonia, 6000 tons; the Gallia, 5500 tons; the Catalonia, 5500 tons; the Bothnia, 5000 tons ; the Scythia, 6000 tons; the Samaria, 3000 tons; the Marathon, 3500 tons; and the Atlas. S500 tons. This fleet includes some of the largest, finest and fastest steamships now plying between New York and Liverpool, notably the Etruria, Umbria and Servia which have no equals in many respects, and are recognized as affording the most luxurious accommodations to the traveling public. The business of the company has consequently attained proportions of enormous and unequaled magnitude. Among the many features tor which the Cunard Line has become justly celebrated are the extreme care and forethought manifested in the navigation of their ships, the skill and high standing of their commanders, and the company's uni- form good fortune in conducting such an extensive trafHo through a period ot fifty years. The prime consideration is safety, and the captains of the steamers are vigilant and untiring in their efforts to insure safe running and thorough efficiency. This line is also deservedly popular foBthe table it sets. No competitor comes up to its high standard in this respect. The management is equally liberal in service and attend- ance, and the best circles of the American public travel preferably on its ships. Sir. Martin, the agent, is a native of Scotland, an experienced representative of this field of enterprise and well and favorably known in Boston's leading business circles; a member of the Chamber ot Commerce and the Boston Athletic Association, and by his courtesy, promptness and reliabilit.y is promoting in every way the best interests of this popular line. ]|K;R0N iron company. Patent Calendered Iron and Steel Shafting and Sole Eastern Agents for the Falls Rivet and Machine Co., Nos. 53 and 54 Purchase Street.— Specialized branches of trade have come to a more perfect development in the city of Boston than almost anywhere else in the world, and a forcible illustration of this fact is afforded by the establishment known as the Eastern Department of the Akron Iron Company, located at Nos. 53 and .54 Pur- chase Street. This company are widely prominent as manufacturers of patent calendered iron and steel shafting, and are also sole Eastern agents of the Falls Rivet and Machine Co., manufacturers of patent steel rim and Falls friction clutch pulleys, hangers, couplings and other power transmitting machinery. The Akron Iron Company has been in successful oper- ation for a period of thirty years, and opened the Boston store in 1889, placing it under the management of Mr. H. H. Abbott, who has been in the iron trade for the past eight years, and brings to bear exceptional qualifications, including a foundation under- standing ot all the details of the business and the requirements ot the trade. The premises occupied for sales purposes are spacious in size, and are kept fully stocked with the above named specialties which are recognized as the acme ot perfection for the purposes for which they are intended, and invariably commend their own merits to the confidence and patronage of critical and discriminating buyers. The pat«nt calendered shafting is finished with bright surface, and every bar is guaranteed absolutely round, straight and true to size. Line shafting is furnished in sizes ordinarily manufactured, in lengths up to 35 feet, and up to 35 teet when specially arranged for; while key- seating for coupling and pulleys is done to order. In the matter of terms and prices special inducements are offered, while all orders are given prompt and careful attention and parties are assured satisfaction in every case. The two companies here represented give employ- ment to from six hundred to seven hundred hands, and each is interested in tlie operitions of the other. Manager Abbott is a native of Columbus, O., was eight years connected with Messrs. King, 6ilbert& Warner, of Columbus, and is a young man of large business experience, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth. !|URTIS DAVIS & CO., Manufacturers of " WELCOME ' Soap, No. 136 State Street.— It is a cold tact that soap-using is a sign of civilization, just as, in the words of the inspired writer, "cleanliness is next to godliness." Yet there are many soaps which often cause the very troubles against which they are intended to guard, and the consumer has but one safeguard in purchasing— to buy no soaps for personal use or clothes-washing unless they bear some name which is a synonym for excellence and purity of product, the name of some firm the sole object of which is not the realiza- tion ot large profits without regard to consequences as they affect customers. There are such firms, and in the roll of honor that contains their names we find no more prominent place than that long occupied by Curtis Davis & Co., the well-known manu- facturers of Welcome Soap, at No. 136 State Street, corner ot Chatham Row. This representative house was founded in 1835, by Mr. Curtis Davis, and in 1864 Mr. James Mellen became a partner under the firm name of Curtis Davis & Co. The honored senior part- ner and founder of the business died in 1887, and in the following year Mr. Mellen admitted his son, Mr. E. D. Mellen, to partnership, without change in the firm name. The factory of the firm is located in Cambridgeport, and the output thereof is the largest in its line in New England. The productive capacity is five hundred boxes of one hundred bars each per day. and the leading specialty is " Welcome " soap, which has a wide sale. Curtis Davis & Co. have ever been recognized as leaders in quaUty the country over, and their Welcome laundry soap is steadily increasing wherever once introduced. They are found for sale by the leading jobbers and wholesale grocers in all the New England States. The exigencies ot the business require the constant services ot fifty hands, and the largest orders are filled with promptitude and satisfaction. The Messrs. Mellen are natives of Cambridgeport, members of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, and gentlemen of large business experience, sound judgment and high repute. ^ a HILLIAM E. WATERHOUSE, Naval Architect and Yacht Broker, No. 50 State Street.— The genius and skill of American arohi- 1% J^ mi tects is now recognized the world over. Among those who are winning distinction in naval architecture in this city should be & ■ypmJp.a named Mr. William E. Waterhouse, whose office is located at No. 60 State Street. This gentleman was associated with Mr. f/ W^l I W^\^ Edward Burgess, as assistant, for a period of six years, and now occupies the offices formerly occupied by him as a naval archi- Im ^y l^isll '®'^' ^'^^ yacht broker with such distinguished success. Mr. Waterhouse was personally connected with the designing and con- struction of all vessels built by the late Mr. Burgess since the " Puritan," with the full benefit of his confidence and instruction, and established himself in business in August, 1891. He is thoroughly practical, executing plans for naval architecture in the most reliable and expert manner, furnishing designs and estimates for any proposed vessel or yacht at short notice, and personally superintending construc- tion when desired; while he also buys, sells and charters yachts, and acts as a broker tor those requiring his experienced judgment and assistance. He is now engaged on government work as superintending constructor at Camden, N. J., and his patronage is fast becoming one of a thoroughly substantial and flattering character, fully commensurate with the deservedly high reputation for ability and skill which he enjoys among those who have tested his services. Those who have yachts to dispose of should notify Mr. Waterhouse, as his wide acquaintance in yachting circles renders him a valuable medium for their sale. All orders and commissions receive his immediate personal attention, and terms and prices are placed upon a thoroughly fair and equitable basis. Mr. Waterhouse is a native of Ellsworth. Me., and a young man of broad culture, inteUigent enterprise and thorough reliability, who is devoted to his profession and certain to make an honored name therein. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 133 EOEGE C. LENTH & CO., Bankers and Brokers, Room 330, Exchange Building, No. 53 State Street.— Of the immense volume of business wliich is transacted between this city aud New York and Chicago, in stocks, bonds, shares, etc., a lib- eral share is intrusted to the care of Messrs. George C. Lenth & Co., bankers and brokers, of No. 53 State Street, ■who act as the duly accredited correspondents for .Messrs. Watson & Gibson, of No. 65 Broadway, New York, mem- bers of the New York Stock Exchange. The business of Messrs. George C. Lenth & Co., although established only one year ago, has already assumed large proportions; the purchase and sale of stocks and bonds for cash or on raai'gin being undertaken in heavy lines, as also operations both ways in petroleum, grain and provisions; orders being executed in all markets strictly on commission, and all transactions being regarded as strictly confidential. For these several purposes, the firm has private wires to New York and Chicago direct from the office— room 330 in the Stock Exchange Building — thus enabling them to obtain, at any mouient, the latest quotations, the general state of the market and other useful information for the benefit of investors and operators. The able proprietor, Mr. George C. Lenth, has had two yeai's' previous expe- rience as a broker on the Board in New York, and is always glad to extend to clients the full benefit of his opinion on the state of the market and its probable course in the near or remote future. Every facility will be afforded for the prompt execution of all orders in stocks, bonds and other securities in the New York and Boston markets. The latest foreign and domestic financial papers and journals will be found on file at the office for the convenience of customers, and reliable information of any change of importance in the various markets will be promptly furnished. The New Old South Church. JA.EDNEE P. KENGSLEY, Real Estate and Mortgages, No. 119 Devonshire Street.— A position ot unquestioned prominence upon the pages of this work upon the prosperity and affluence of the capital city of the Bay State is undeniably due to Mr. Gard- ner P. Kingsley, of No. 119 Devonshire Street. The gentleman is a broker and dealer in real estate, mortgages and kindred things, and ho pays particular attention to the selling and leasing of first-class houses, stores and country residences. Every department is engaged in by the gentleman and a specialty is made of property located in the center ot the city, as also in Back Bay, Brookline and the suburbs. He engages lnr';cly in the building and improvement of property, and an important branch of his business consists of the negotiation of loans; he having constantly on hand large sums of money for advance upon eligible realty. The date ot the establishment ot Mr. Kingsley in business occurred during the year 1863, since which time he has been the constant recipient ot the favors of the genius of prosperity, having established a large and flourishing connection and earned a reputation of most enviable character. The premises occupied by the gentleman are located Room No. 1 Rialto Building, the excellence of which site -will be apparent to the most cursory observer. Mr. Kingsley is a native ot .Boston, and is a middle-aged gentleman, possessing the unqualified esteem of the entire community. 134 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATUEE. aHAELES K. C. BRECK, Civil Engineer and Surveyor, No. 85 Devonshire Street, Eoom No. 20.— One of Boston's leading and best known civil engineers and surveyors is Charles E, C. Breck, whosej office is located at No. 85 Devonshire Street, Eoom No. 20. He was formerly of the Arm of Whitman & Breck. established in 1869, and has conducted business alone for the past five years. Mr. Breck, who is a gentleman of middle age, is a native and resident of Milton, Mass. He is a man of excep- tional skill in the line indicated, standing high in his profession, and is a prominent member of the Boston Society of Civil Engineers. He occupies well equipped offices, and employs four competent assistants, exercising immediate supervision himself over every detail. Mr. Breck is prepared to engage in all classes of work comprehended in his profession, making surveys generally, and furnishing designs for bridges, water works, etc. Special attention is given to surveying and laying out sea shore property in plats and lots for sale, also to consultations, while construction is personally superintended, likewise, and all work undertaken by this gentleman is certain to be performed in a manner to satisfy the most exacting. Among the more noteworthy achievements attesting Mr. Breck's skill may be mentioned the Boston, Revere Beach and Lynn R. R., the Baker Chocolate Works, at Lower Mills, Mass., the State Lunatic Asylum, at Medfleld, Mass., 350 acres of subdivision at Booth Bay, Me. ; West Chop, and Tashmoo Land Company at Vineyard Haven, Mass. ; Col. Roberts' subdivision at Waltham, the coal docks of the Boston Tow-Boat Co., at East Boston, Mass., and a number of others equally worthy of mention during his forty years' experience. iJASHBURN-CEOSBT CO., Merchant Millers, Minneapolis, Minn., Eastern Office, No. 20 Central Street, Boston, Mass.. Col. C. C. G. Thornton, General Agent.— The flour manufacturing industry of the United States has long been a lead- ing business interest, the operations carried on in r^rain and its product — flour — being a backbone and mainstay of the national wealth and prosperity. The largest and best known flour milling concern in the world is the Washburn- Crosby Co., merchant millers of Minneapolis, Minn., whose New England office is located at No. 20 Central Street, this city, the general agent being Col. C. C. G. Thornton. Gen. 0. C. Washburn, the founder of the establishment, built the first large flour mill in the United States having the middlings purifier, and produced the first patent flour ever made in America; he was also the flrst to introduce the Hungarian or roller process in this country. Mill B, the oldest mill owned by the company, was built by Ex-Gov. Washburn, of Wisconsin, at Minneapolis. Mill A, erected some time later, was burned down, and Mill C was next built. Mill A being rebuilt at a subsequent period. Washburn, Crosby & Co., who continued the business up to 1887, when the present company was organized, and the enterprise was incorporated under the State laws of Minnesota, with a capital of $500,000. The mills are all equipped with the most improved flour milling machinery to be found in the world, the plant being the finest in existence, and a very large force of workmen find constant employment there. The productive capacity in 1890 was 8S0O barrels of flour per day; during the present year this has been" increased and the daily output amounts to 11,000 barrels per day, for which over 50,000 bushels of wheat are required. The flour is the best to be found in the market, and it is shipped in large quantities to all parts of the globe. The officers of the company, who are prominently known in the financial and business world, are James S. Bell, president; Wni. H. Dunwoody, vice-president; Chas. J. Martin, secretary and treasurer. The New England agent, Col. C. C. G.'Thornton, has been identified with the flour trade for the past forty years, and possesses an expert knowledge of all its details. I HE MATHER ELECTRIC COMPANY, of Manchester, Conn., Claflin & Kimball, General Agents, No. 116 Bedford Street, and No. 24 Kingston Street.— The rapid adaptation of electricity by the American people for lighting purposes is something phenomenal. It needs no argument at the present day to show its superiority over eveiy other artificial illuminant, while the rule concerning " the survival of the fittest " is exemplified in electric lighting as well as in other departments of industry and trade. It is especially applicable to the Mather system of incandescent lighting, manufactured by The Mather Electric Company, of Manchester, Conn., whose New England agency is under the management of Messrs. Claflin & Kimball, with headquarters at Rooms 402, 403 and 404, New England Shoe and Leather Exchange Building. This company has done more to popularize electric lighting than any other, and is to-day one of the strongest and most progressive corporations in the country. Its system is the simplest, most economical, effective and commei'cially valuable of any yet introduced. As a machine, the Mather dynamo is the most perfect yet brought out, w^hile electrically it has no superior, if indeed any equal. By its use the destructive evil of sparking is entirely done away with, while its points of superiority may be tersely summed up as follows: extreme simplicity, high efficiency, perfect automatic regulation, economy of operation, and freedom from sparking. The lamp used by the Mather system is the well-known " Perkins " lamp. This lamp was formerly manufactured for use only on the Mather system, but the demand for it by the users of other systems has been so large that the " Perkins Electric Lamp Company '' has recently been formed for its manufacture and sale. Messrs. Claflin & Kimball are the general agents for this company also, and are contractors for wiring, supphes, etc. The Mather system is used in the following places in New England, to wit: Church Gi-een Electric Light Co., New England Shoe and Leather Exchange Building, Lincoln Building, Cyclorama Battle of Bunker Hill, Oriental Tea Company, Hutchins Organ Co., North Packing Co., De L. Sheplee & Co., Winch Bros., and others in Boston; Providence Worsted Co., British Hosiery Co., Thornton Worsted Mills, Providence Machine Co., and others in Providence, E. I. ; Mellen House, Globe Yarn Mills, Border City Mfg Co., King Philip Mills, Dubois Lithographic Co., Fall River, Mass.; Lakeside Mfg. Co., Whitcomb Envelope Co., Norton Emery Wheel Co., Cutting & Bishop, Worcester, Mass.; Winona Paper Co., Parsons Paper Co., George E. Dickinson Paper Co., Holyoke, Mass.; Plimpton Mfg. Co., Hartford Light & Power Co., Hartford Manilla Co., Hartford, Conn. ; Merrimac Paper Co., Lawrence, Mass. ; State Almshouse, Tewksbury, Mass.; Ludlow Mfg. Co., Ludlow, Mass.; Stoneville Worsted Co., Auburn, Mass.; Z. Crane, Jr., & Bro., Dalton, Mass.; Agawam Paper Co., Mittineague, Mass.; HaverhiU Paper Co., Haverhill, Mass.; S. D. Warren & Co., Cumberland Mills, Me.; Richards Paper Co., Gardiner, Me.; Fairfield Paper Co., Salmon Falls, Mass.; Augusta Pulp Co., Augusta, Me.; The L. L. Brown Paper Co., Adams, Mass.; Berhn Iron Bridge Co., East Berlin, Conn.; Morgan Envelope Co., Springfield, Mass.; Bridgeport Copper Co., Bridgeport, Conn.; Hall Eubber Co., Watertown, Mass.; and others too numerous to mention. The large number of plants of other systems that have been thrown out and the Mather system installed in their place is, perhaps, the best criterion of their value. The expression of a gentleman who made such a change, tells the whole stoiy. He says: "It is cheaper to purchase a Mather plant than to operate any other as a gift." The company claim the following special advantages for the Mather Electric Motor. First. High efficiency. Repeated careful tests made by disinterested parties have shown that the commercial efficiency of the Mather motor is higher than that claimed for other motors. Second. Entire freedom from sparking at the brushes. With brushes properly adjusted, there is absolutely no sparking, even with extreme variation of load. Third. Self regulation. When the potential at the motor is constant, the greatest variation of speed of the simple shunt-wound motor is only about three per cent, and the compound-wound motor will run at a speed absolutely con- stant for all changes of load. A motor may be well designed, and efficient electrically, at the same time the mechanical design and construction may be such as to make it practically worthless. As a machine the Mather motor is the most perfect yet brought out, while electrically it has no superior, if indeed any eoual. The magnet is of iron, as in other motors, but in form entirely different. The New England agents, Messrs. A. D. Claflin and M. M. Kimball, are both native Bostonians, graduates of Harvard College, members of the Electric Club, and young men of large practical experience, thorough enterprise and sterling personal worth, whose constant aim and study it is to give perfect satisfaction in every installation or contract intrusted to their hands. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ]EANKLIN ROLFE & CO., Shipping and Commission Merchants, No. .30 Broad Street.— Messrs. Franklin Rolfe & Co., enjoy the enviable distinction of being among tlie more reputable of the foreign shipping and commission merchants of the city of Boston. Their bouse had its origin in the year 1852, in the efforts of Messrs. Wheelright & Cobb., which firm changed to that of Samuel C. Cobb, and was succeeded in 1878 by Messrs. Kolfe & Guild, the predecessors of the present concern which assumed conti-ol in 1881. The business embraces the handling of an extensive variety of products, conspicuous among which are goods imported from the Mediterranean sea-board as fruits, nuts, sumac, brimstone, and the like. The business premises of the concern are admirably located upon Broad Street. They consist of an excellently and completely equipped office upon the third floor of the building, and their management evinces a commend- able example of that systematic harmony so essentially the key-note of the welfare of a business of any magnitude or importance. Mr. Rolfe is a gentleman of thorough and lengthy experience in his business, and he possesses in emphatic prominence a number of those estimable features which contribute to form the character of the ideal business man. He is a native of the city of Boston, and he resides at present at Winchester, Mass., where he is the center of a large circle of esteeming friends. New Enqlamd Steam Cooperage Company, Boston, Mass. ?jTANDARD STAVE & COOPERAGE CO., Exporters of and Dealers in Staves and Cooperage Stock, Manufacturers of Tanks, Dye-Tubs, Vats, Hogsheads, Barrels and Kegs, No. 160 State Street.— One of the recently-formed corporations of Boston, and one of the most vital importance to her commercial interests, is the Standard Stave & Cooperage Company, whose principal office is located at No. 160 State Street. This company are extensive exporters of and dealers in staves and cooperage stock, and also large marufacturers of tanks, dye-tubs, vats, hogsheads, barrels and kegs. It is the result of the consolidation of the Mills Brothers Company, New England Steam Cooperage Company, Hill & Wright, W. J. Slade & Son, the Hickey Cooperage Company, and, in fact, all the large cooperage houses in Boston, which consolidation was effected in 1891, by the incorporation of the present company, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $400,000, making it the largest concern of the kind in New England, and a leader in its line in the United States. The foundation of the business was laid in 1833, by Messrs. J. L. Mills & Sons, as dealers in cooperage stock, and members of that firm are now serving the present company with the judgment born of long experience— iVIr. Wm. N. Mills being manager of the Boston office, and Mr. I. B. Mills manager of the New York office, at No. 19 Whitehall Street. The factory of the company is situated in East Boston, and has long held the lead in the production of all those important and extensive lines of cooperage for brewers, maltsters, distillers sugar houses, exporters and the trade generally. The facilities here possessed are now unrivaled by any like concern in America. Barrels, halves, quarters and eighths; stock and storage casks, mash and fermenting tubs, beer stills and hop jacks; tanks, cisterns and vats of cedar, cypress, pine or oak for brewers, maltsters.distillers, sugar houses, vineyards, vinegar works, paper mills, chemical works, railroads, &c. ; water casks for shipping, oil casks, reservoirs, molasses and rum hogsheads, kegs and pails for white lead, buckets and oyster pails, ships' square tanks, and many other lines are here contracted for at prices which cannot be duplicated elsewhere. This company controls large tracts of timber lands in the south and western states, receiving their staves direct from the stump and at lowest cost. Besides supplying the beer cooperage used in the New England and other States, they also supply the leading manufacturing companies: while their business of exporting staves is something enormous. It sends staves to France, Spain and Portugal for their wines and olive oil, and also furnishes staves for the breweries all over the United Kingdom. It exports some five million staves per year, as well as sending manufactured cooperage to Cuba and Africa. Its goods are regularly shipped to thirty-seven European ports, and stand at the head everywhere. It fears no rival, and is absolutely without a peer. 136 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. aLOBE INVESTMENT COMPANY, No. 19 Milk Street.— The Globe Investment Company, whose main office is located at No. 9 Milk Stx'eet, is an incoi-porated company, under tlie same supervision as the savings banks, and has a cap- ital o£ $363,500. It was chartered under the laws ot the State of Massachusetts in April, 1883, and now covers the most desirable and reliable field for the placing of mortgage loans. Its officers and directors are as follows: Pres- ident, Allison Z. Mason; Treasurer, J. Lowell Moore; General Manager, P. MacMaster; Directors, Francis Flint, of Boston; F. N. Billings, of Vermont; Heman M. Burr, John Herbert, of Boston; Charles L. Hildreth, of Lowell; John L. Hildreth, of Cambridge; William H. Hildreth, of Newton; P. MacMaster, of London; Allison Z. Mason, of Boston; John A. Moninger, of Kansas City; J. Lowell Moore, of Boston; Benjamin F. Otis, of Newton; George H. M. Howe, of Boston; Robert M. Snyder, of Kansas City; E. O. Woodward, of New Hampshire. This list embraces capitalists and financiers of vast practical expe- rience and of the highest standing in the money markets of the east and west, and who have brought into operation a thorough system of organization in conducting the business of this company. The Western office is in Kansas City, which is the central point of the most fertile and productive agricultural region in the United States. The company negotiate bonds and mortgages on city and farm prop- erty in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, the Dakotas, Colorado, Arkansas and Mississippi, guaranteeing six per cent, interest, payable at their office, or seven per cent, unguaranteed, payments remitted when collected. Debenture bonds are secured by deposit with the Boston Safe Deposit and Trust Co. Trustees; with six per cent, interest payable semi-annually at the Howard National Bank, Boston; and principal of both payable at the office of the company in gold or its equivalent. They now have to offer selected school, water, bridge, sewer, paving and other improvement bonds of counties, cities and towns, and when desired will investigate in the interest of their clients any securities in this line regarding which a local knowledge and a disinterested opinion may be desired. The statement of the company made March 31, 1891, shows the following facts and figures, to wit: Capital, $363,500; special f!:uaranty fund, $33,986.25; undivided profits, $1,443.84; total resources, $979,325.55. This shows the company to be in a thoroughly healthy and flourishing condition, while they refer to such well-known corpora- tions as the Howard National Bank, the National Bank of the Republic, the Freeman's National Bank, and the Broadway National Bank, of Boston- the National Bank, of Kansas City ; and the National Bank of Commerce, of Kansas City, Mo. ; John Baton & Co., of New York; the BritishLinen Company Bank, of London, Eng.; and John Stuart & Co. [Limited], Manchester, Eng. If absolute safety, convenience, per- manency, and freedom from care and solicitude count tor anything in an investment, then the bonds of this company more nearly meet the general want of the investing public than any other security now offered, while patient courtesy is shown to investors and inquu-ers by the managers of this institution, who form in their own individuality a certain guarantee of good faith in all their transactions. TEXTER BROTHERS, Sole Manufacturers of English Shingle Stain, Nos. 55 and 57 Broad Street.— Special mention must be made, in this i-eview, of Dexter Brothers' English Shingle Stains, which are in such steady and extensive demand all over the United States, owing to their superiority of color, beauty of shade, effectiveness and thorough durability. Messrs. Dexter Brothers are sole manufacturers, .with headquarters at Nos. 55 and 57 Broad Street. The foundation of the business was laid in 1854, by Messrs. Geo. S. and C. W. Dexter, as Dexter Brothers, at the present location. In 1873, Mr. Geo. S. Dexter retired, and his three sons, Messrs. G. B., F. K. and W. D. Dexter, continued his interest with their uncle until his retirement in 1885, when they became sole proprietors. Mr. W. D. Dexter retired January 1, 1890, and Mr. F. K. Dexter retired January 1, 1891, leaving Mr. G. B. Dexter in sole control. The business premises comprise four floors, 30 by 100 feet each, and the exigencies of the business require the constant services of some twenty skilled assistants. Dexter Bros.' English Shino-le Stain is made ot the very best English ground colors, and contains no benzine, water or creosote, and will not freeze. It has been thoroughly tested by many of the leading architects in this country during the past seven years, and has received their warmest commendations. The manufacturers claim superiority of color which will not wash off and will retain its brightness long after- other stains have faded or turned black. One gallon of this stain will dip about five hundred shingles, or cover about fifteen hundred when brushed on. A package of stained boards wiU be sent by mail to any address on application. These small sample boards give but an imper- fect idea, however, of the beauty of the stain, as the effect of stained shingles can only be seen in a mass on the house. They are now used by the best architects, and testimonials are shown from architects who have done the best and largest work in Newport, Bar Harbor, Lenox, Boston, New York, PhUadelphia and throughout the west. They are also general dealers in all kinds of paints, colors, oils, varnishes, etc. of the finest grades made by leading manufacturers all over the country and for which they have a large and steadily increasing demand. The trade is extensive at wholesale not only in all parts of this country, but in Canada, Australia and other foreign ports. This house also has the agency for Bai;-mer & Baumann White Lead Go. of Pittsburgh, Fa. Mr. Dexter is a native Bostonian, trained in the business from his youth, a member o£ the Paint and Oil Club, and a young man of lar-rc business experience, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth. :!0 MAGNETO CLOCK CO., Manufacturers of the Eoo Magneto Watchman's Clock, No. 630 Atlantic Avenue, Room 77.— One ot the new and wonderful inventions of this wonderfully progressive age is the "Eco Magneto Watchman's Clock," manufactured by the Eco Magneto Clock Company, at No. 620 Atlantic Avenue. The results attained in the perfecting of this clock have been pronounced marvelous, even by electricians and mechanicians. It is one of the few abso- lutely new inventions of the day, and must receive the favorable consideration of all who employ watchmen. This clock has been approved by insurance companies and fire departments, and is in most satisfactory use by mercantile and manufacturing and financial firms, institutions and corporations. Heretofore all electric clocks have been worked by a bat- tery, which is of itself a constant source of trouble and expense, even to an electrician, and a mystery to others. It was necessary to have an electrician to set them up, and repair them in case of their frequent accidents and disarrangements. In the Eco Mag- neto Watchman's clock the battery is wholly dispensed with, and use made of a permanent magnet Instead, by which the watch- man generates at each station electricity sufficient to operate the clock. There is nothing to get out of order, and no electrician is needed for adjustment or repairs. Its record shows the exact time the watchman visits each station. It cannot be tampered with, nor can false records be made on it. It can be sent to any part ot the country, and set up by any one of ordinary intelligence; is cheaper than any other electric watch clock, and every officer and agent of insurance companies and every practical person who has ever examined this clock invariably approves and indorses it over all others. This clock is in use by such well-known Boston houses as those of A. Shuman & Co., Shreve, Crump & Low Co., Atlantic Works, Boston Tavern, Burton Stock Car Co., Goodyear Shoe Machinery Co., Estes Press, Massa- chusetts Institute of Technology, Constitution Wharf Co., E. S. Hamlin & Co., American House, Oxford Hotel, Chase & Sanborn, Metropolitan Hotel, John C. Paige, Boston Sugar Refining Co., Tremont Electric Co., Hotel Flower, Hathaway Building, Lockwood M't'g. Co., Walter M. Lowney, and many others. Over five hundred are in use, and the demand is rapidly increasing. The Eco Magneto Clock Company was incorporated in 1888, under the laws ot the State ot Maine, with a capital ot $300,000., and is governed by the following board of directors: C. A. White, president, and general manager; Geo. B. Fessenden, treasurer; Hon. J. C. Moore, Manchester, N. H.; Geo. D, Burton, of Bur- con Stock Car Co. and Electrical Forging Co, ; F. J. Hutchinson, attorney, of Boston. Mr. Fessenden, the treasurer, is the inventor of the clock and an expert and practical electrician, who has spent twelve years of study upon the subject. He is a Massachusetts man by birth and education, in the active prime of lite, and of high repute in professional circles. The president, Mr. White, is a native ot New York state, for some years engaged in the wholesale lumber trade at New Haven, Conn., and an experienced, sagacious business man, eminently fitted tor the successful direction of this new and im.portant enterprise. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 105 money it had in it, but to bring out only such books as would make tiue, steadfast growth in right living. This has not involved any limitation to strictly religious works, nor to merely entertaining volumes of good moral tone. His range has been broadly inclusive; comprising historical, scientific and biographical works, and others adapted in some way to benefit the public, furnishing a list of more than 2000 volumes, representing over 2,000,000 books every year. Mr. Lothrop is constantly broadening his field, gathering the richest thought of men of letters, men of science, and theologians. His salesrooms and warehouses are among the most extensive of the trade. No account of this house would be complete which neglected to mention the magazines which are identified with it. The Wide Awake has no superior in its class. Mr. Lothrop began its publication in 1S74. It is a credit alike to its publisher, and to our country. To have given the Wide Awake to the world, would have been an honorable success for the D. Lothrop Co. had they done nothing more than this. There are four other magazines each admirable in its way, _ I'l ItfJSlirHS K I>uly incorporated in 1859, under the laws of the State of New York, it numbers among its directors the leading capitalists, phila,nthropists and business men of the o'reat metropolis, and is doing the largest business of any life insurance company in the United States. It opened its Boston office some thirty years ago, and in 1874 erected what is known as the Equitable Building, at the corner of Milk and .Devonshire Streets, at a cost of $1,000,000. It is a magnificent structure, eleven stories high, with a frontage of 124 feet on Milk, 119 feet on Devonshire and 91 feet on Federal Street, and is one of the largest and finest office buildings in New England. It contains the most secure safe deposit vaults in the world, and is the headquarters of the Equitable Life Assurance Society for Eastern Massachu- setts. This society issues policies on carefully selected lives for any amount between $1,000 and $100,000. The cheapest and simplest form of Free Tontine policy is on the " life plan." If you assure at the age of thirty-five the annual premium for a $10,000 policy will be $271.00, and in the event of death at any lime after the delivery of the policy and the payment of your first premium, your family will receive $10,000. Now, under the old-fashioned policy if your life is prolonged for many years you may find the premium a burden during old age, but the Free Tontine policy provides that at the end of a term of years the policy may be returned to the society and its full value (including the entire reserve on the policy) drawn in cash. Moreover, the Free Tontine policy gives you a choice of no less than six ways of arranging or settling your assurance, thus guaranteeing to every policy-holder a satisfactory adjustment, no matter how his circumstances may change from year to year after his policy is issued. This policy is unrestricted after one year, incontestable after two years, and guarantees a full share of the surplus earned and being issued by a society holding a larger surplus than any other assurance company, may be expected to show larger profits than the policies of any other company. The Indemnity Bond of this society forms a secure and profitable investment combined with life assurance. This bond is backed by a surplus, over all liabilities, of twenty-two and a half millions: while the success with which the business of this society has been conducted, its surplus earning power, and the profits paid in the past, indicate that this bond will realize liberal profits. It may be purchased in easy installments, and at any time aftei- three years may be exchanged for a paid up bond for an amount equal to the sum of the annual installments paid. At maturity the bond is either payable in cash or may be extended. In the latter case it will bear interest annually from the date of its extension. The annual state- ment of this society, made Dec. 31, 1890, shows the following facts and figures, viz.: Total assets, $119,243,744.47; total undivided surplus, over 4% reserve, $23,740,447.34; total paid policy-holders, $13,256,671.71; new assurance written in 1890, $203,826,107.00; total outstanding assurance, $720,662,473.00. These figures speak more eloquently than words as to the condition of the society. The board of directors is composed of the following citizens of New York, to wit: — Henry B. Hyde, president; James W. Alexander, vice-president; Louis Fitzgerald, Henry A. Hurlbut, Henry G. Marquand, Wm. A. Wheelock, Henry Day, M. Hartley, H. M. Alexander, Chauncey M. Depew, Charles G. Landon, Cornelius N. Bliss, E. Boudinot Colt, Alanson Trask, John Sloane, S. Borrowe, B. Williamson, Euo-ene Kelly, John A. Stewart, Geo. C. Magoun, William ,M. Bliss, Wm. B. Kendall, G. W. Carleton, E. W. Lam- ber°t, H. S. Terbell, Thomas S. Young, John J. McCook, Daniel D. Lord, H. J. Fairchild, Wm. Alexander, Horace Porter, Edward W. Scott, C. B. Alexander, Geo. DeF. L. Day, John D. Jones, Levi P. Morton, John A. McCall, Charles S. Smith, Joseph T. Low, A. Van Bergen, T. DeWitt Cuyler, Oliver Ames, Eustace C. Fitz, S. H. Phillips, Henry R. Woloott, Gustav G. Pohl, J. P. DeNavarro, James H. Dunham, Daniel R. Noyes, Waldo Adams. The representative of the Society in Boston is Mr. Nathan Warren, who has been identified with its office in this city for upwards of twenty years. He is a recognized authority upon all matters pertaining to life insurance, and a gentleman of marked executive ability, unvarying courtesy, and high social and business standing, with whom it is always a pleasure to do business. PLLIAM FRANCIS PRATT, Optician, Office, [Corner Bosworth Street and Chapman Place.— When it becomes necessary to resort to the use of spectacles or eye glasses, it is highly important that the eyes should be examined by a competent optician, in order that glasses of exactly the right description may be selected. This kind of examination is carefully and skillfully made by Mr. William Francis Pratt, the well-known optician, whose office is located at the corner of Bosworth Street and Chapman Place, with entrance on the latter at No. 22. Mr. Pratt makes a specialty of opthalmic surgeons' orders, and gives particular attention to the fitting of spectacles and eye glasses. He also manufactures frames of all kinds to order, and executes optical repairs of every description. He has now had a practical experience of twenty-six years in the business, and is regarded as an expert. For nineteen years he had charge of the optical department of the business of Thaxter Bros., and for six years and a half was with Widdificld & Co., in the same capacity. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. Ill gOSTON AND MONTANA CONSOLIDATED COPPER AND SILVER MINING COMPANY, Office No. 199 Washington Street. — There are numerous indications that the present " boom " in mining ll^S^ 1 operations is of the most perma:ient and conservative character. The newly formed companies have entered the field upon the most substantial basis, headed by experienced mining experts and capital- ists, not over-stocked, and formed to develop some of the richest and most extensive ore leads yet dis- covered. The Boston and Montana Consolidated Copper and' Silver Mining Company, with offices at No. 199 Washington Street, Sears Building, is a favorable exami^le of a corporation organized to conduct legitimate mining operations. Incorporated iu 1887, under he laws of Montana, with a capital of iiiS, 125,000, it acquired ownership of ^ the richest copper and silver bearing territory in Montana, situated near Butte City. Their property includes four mines, and a full working plant with all requisite machinery, and having made all necessary preparations the com- pany have begun the development of its property under the direction of experienced mining engineers, and, with rich ore in sight, are opening the way to secure a steady output of both copper and silver, thus placing the com- pany upon a secure dividend-paying basis. The ore assays very rich, and the company is to be congratulated upon its favorable prospects under the faithful and painstaking management of its board of officers and directors, to wit. : President, A. S. Bigelow; secretary and treasurer', Thomas Nelson; superintendent, Thos. Couch; direc- tors, A. S. Bigelow, Franklin Fairbanks, Chas. Van Brunt, Leonard Lewisohu, A. W. Spencer, H. Wallerstein, Thomas Couch. Under the present management the interests of the stockholders are in safe hands, and the Boston and Montana promises to become one of our leading dividend payers. Its stock is divided into 125,000 shares at $25.00 each, and if safety and not hazard, prudence and not recklessness, legitimate properties and not wild-cat schemes are desired by an investor, let him consult this responsible company. \ Established 1780.] ALTER BAKER & COMPANY, Manufacturers of Chocolate and Breakfast Cocoa.— The oldest, and at the present time one of the largest industrial establishments in Boston, is that of Walter Baker & Company, manufacturers of breakfast cocoa, and other cocoa and chocolate preparations. The exten- sive mills belonging to this house are situated on the Neponset River, partly in the Dorchester distriv,t of this city and partly in the town of Milton. The small mill in which the business was first begun, at the same place, in 1765, is said to be the first of its kind in the British Provinces of North America. The plant then established came into the possession of Dr. James Baker, in 1780, who was succeeded later by Walter Baker, his grandson, in whose name the business has since been conducted. It is an extremely Interest- ing fact, and one with scarcely a parallel, perhaps, in our industrial annals, that on' the very spot where, more than a century and a quarter ago, the business of chocolate making was first begun in this country, there has growai up one of the largest establishments of that kind in the world; — an establishment which competes successfully for prizes in all the great industrial exhibitions in Europe and America, whose influence is felt in the great commercial centers, and whose prosperity promotes the wel- fare of men who labor under a tropical sun in the cultivation of one of the choicest fruits of the earth. The chocolate plant, known to botanists as Theobroma Cacao (the first or generic word meaning "food of the gods") flourishes only in hot climates, mostly within the fifteenth parallels of lati- tude. The Cacao beans used by the manufacturers are procured mainly from South America, some of the West India islands, Ceylon, Java and certain parts of Africa. The establishment of Walter Baker & Company, to which extensive additions have been made from time to time during the last fifty years, now comprise five large mills, equipped with all the latest and most improved machinery for the manufacture of cocoa and chocolate in a variety of foi-ms and by the most approved methods. A large number of work-people are employed, and the total annual output reaches a very high figure. The high degree of perfection which this house has attained in its manufactured products is the result of long experience combined with an intelligent use of the new forces which are constantly being introduced to increase the power and improve the quality of production, and clieapen the cost to the consumer. The full strength and the exquisite natural flavor of the raw material are preserved unimpaired in all of Walter Baker & Company's preparations; so that their products may truly be said to form the standard for purity and excellence. Their Breakfast Cocoa, in which a high degree of fineness is secured without any loss of brilliancy in color, can be used by students of the microscope and of chemis- try, as a perfect type of the highest order of excellence in manufacture. They have always taken a decided stand against any and all chemically treated cocoas and they believe that the large and increasing demand for their goods has proved that the consumer appreciates this decision. "LA BELLE CHOCOLATlJlEE." v. BAKES & CO.'S Reoistkked Teade-Maek. 112 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. NITED STATES HOTEL, Beach Street, Tilly Hayiies, Resident Piopuetoi —The United States Hotel is one of the oldest and most prominent Lii i\ iiiMiKs in the \ty )f Boston Its leputation extends all over the world, and the many thou ^^"^ sands who have been its guests are alwa-^-- ready to speak of the place with favoi The hotel has passed through many hands, but ha-- attained its greatest popularity under the management of Mr. Tilly Haynes, the present proprietor. The house was first opened in 1824, by the United States Hotel Company. In 1879 Mr. Haynes became the owner, and under his able directorship the place has been signally successful. Although the hotel contains four hundred and sixty-six rooms, yet it is constantly patronized to the fullest extent of its accommodations, people having often to be turned away for lack of room. Employment is furnished the year round to one hundred and eighty llkllTrB CTATC© UATFI DnOTAkl hands in the various departments. The United States UNlTcU STATES HuTcU BOSTON. is a handsome five-story and basement structure, taking up an entire block, and is admirably located, with entrances from Beach, Kingston and Lincoln Streets. Horse-cars to all points pass the doors. It is but three min- utes' walk to the Old Colony and Boston and Albany stations. The hotel is handsomely furnished throughout, pro- vided with all modern conveniences, while the service is perfect in every respect, and the terms reasonable. Mr. Haynes is a native of Sudbury, Mass., and is a gentleman now past the middle age of life. He possesses hosts of friends in business, professional and social circles, and is popularly esteemed by the traveling public. |HE CONNECTICUT RIVER LUMBER COMPANY, No. IT Doane Street.— The lumber trade of New England has been aptly described to be one of the integral links in the great chain of American commerce. Its important bearing upon the commercial economy of the country is a manifest fact, and the flourishing condition of the industry requires no stronger proof than the existence within the limits of such industry's influence, of prominent and substantial houses of the class of the Connecticut River Lumber Company, the subject of this review. The company has been in existence since the year 1879, when it was organized under the laws of the State of Connecticut. At the time of the company's incipiency the capital stock of the concern was fixed at $947,000, and there is no better evidence of the prosperity of the house than the fact that, at the present time, the capital stands at$l,500,000 (one million and a half). The Connecticut River Lumber Company are manufactures of lath, shingles, clapboards, spruce lumber, and spruce piles. They also have extensive dealings on commission in all kinds of pine, hemlock and hardwood lumber, shingles, clapboards, etc., the sales of the concern averaging over 150,000,000 feet of lumber per annum. Some estimate may be formed of the extent of this com- pany's operations, when it is known that, in addition to occupying the commodious premises at No. 17 Doane Street, City, and while owning a large retail yard at No. 18 State Street, Roxbury, Mass. , the house owns mills in the several States of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts and Connecticut ; having no less than eight mills on the Con- necticut and Androscoggin Rivers, and possessing several hundred thousand acres of standing timber. The business of this company is of such magnitude as to find employment for over one thousand five hundred men; the company being, as a matter of fact, the largest of its class in New England. The business of the concern is transacted in car-lots only, all kind of lumber, hard and soft, being handled. The clock-work precision and automatic accuracy with which is conducted the gigantic volume of business annually transacted by the house, call forth, and justly so, the marvel of all familiar with the concern, and stand as sterling tributes to the executive aptitude and ability of those who act at the helm of the company's prosperity. There are existing those who are ready to regard the almost phenomenal success which has, in the twelve years' time, been showered upon this great concern, to some chance, or caprice of the fickle goddess Fortune. Those, however, who observe closer, discern the well-spring of the company's prosperity to be in the indefatigable energy, the unremitting effort and the high business prin- ciples of the directorate of the business. The president of the Connecticut River Lumber Company is Mr. Geo. Van Dyke, which gentleman is located at Lancaster, N. H. The vice-presidency is in the hands of Mr. .1. P. Thompson, who is stationed at Northampton, Mass; while the double duties of secretary and treasurer are dis- charged by Mr. Charles A. Burns, who controls the management of the metropolitan branch of the company, at No. 17 Broad Street, N. Y. The Boston house is under the direction of Mr. J. W. Palmer, a gentleman justly meriting the esteem in which he is held generally. Mr. Palmer has been in the lumber trade for many years. He is a member of the Bay State Lumber Dealers' Association, an organization of great influence, embracing in the ranks of its members the most prominent lumber merchants of the state. The name of the Connecticut River Lumber Com- pany, throughout the trade and its allied industries, is synonymous with unqualified integrity; a circumstance when viewed in connection with the company's prominence, entitling the name to be written in indelible letters upon the pages of this record of the representative business concerns conducting operations in the capital of the Bay State. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 113 HITNET, CLOUGH & CO., Commission Mei-cliaiits, No. 37 Merchants Row, and Nos. 2, 4, and 6 Clinton Street. — In examining tlie business interests of this city one is impressed witli the large number of extensive establishments whose proprietors have been subjected to a thorough training in all the details of their business, and who are recognized as the representatives of their special industry. Such a firm is that of Messrs. Whitney, Clough & Co., commission merchants in produce, meats, poultry and game. No. 37 Merchants Eow, and Nos. 2, 4, and 6 Clinton Street. This house was founded as far back as 1842 by Messrs. Griswold, Whitney & Co., who were succeeded in 1SS3 by the present firm (consisting of Messrs. G. Whitney, J. W. Clough and H. A. Whitney) on the retirement of Mr. Griswold during that year. The premises occupied embrace a spacious and commodious first floor, having a frontage and depth of 100 x 60 feet, (rivincf ample accommodation for the manipulation and storage of stock and the general advantageous prosecution of the business. The firm deal at wholesale exclusively and handle the various products of the farm, the orchard and the garden, a specialty being made of western meats and poultry, receiving their supplies from producers and ship- pers in oar-lots. As agents for buyer and seller, their facilities are of the most peifect character; they are prompt in disposing of consignments, equally expedi- tious in making returns, and guarantee the highest ruling market prices on all sales. The members of the firm are natives of Boston, Mr. G. Whitney being one of the original founders of the enterprise, Mr. H. A. Whitney, his son, and Ml. J. W. Clough having acquired their knowledge of this business, prior to being invested with a copartnery interest, by long and faithful service with this time-honored house. BoYLSTON Street. E4RSARGE MINING COMPANY, Office, No. 199 Washington Street. — The mining of copper in the Lake Superior region has proved a bo- "jftV ■y \~ nanza to thousands of stockholders, and prom- '*^*^»^ inent among the corporations engaged in the industry, stands the Kearsarge Mining Company, whose main offices are located at No. 199 Washington Street. This com- pany was incorporated in 1866, under the laws of the State of Michigan, with a capital of $1,250,000 divided into 40,000 .shares issued at $25.00 each, and 10,000 in the treasury, and is officered as follows, viz. : President, Charles Van Brunt; secretary and treasurer, A. S. Bigelow; superintend- ent, John Daniell. Directors, Alberts. Bigelow, Joseph W. Clark, Leonard Lewisohn, Charles Van Brunt and John Daniell. The company are now conducting operations under the most favorable auspices and upon the largest scale, and we would recommend those seeking a safe and very remunerative investment to call at this company's office and investigate for themselves. During the year 1890 the product of mineral was 1,928,315 pounds, which at 82.90 per cent, gave 1,598,525 pounds of refined copper, for which has been realized the gross sum of $240,997.67. The cost of mining footed up $170,741.21, leaving a net income for the year of $70,817.60. They paid a dividend of $80,000.00 on January 1, 1890; and their assets at the beginning of 1891 were $144,757.31. The company's ore mills freely, while every modern appliance is provided for the work. All the active managers are residents of Boston and New York, and are able and talented business men, expert in mining matters, and highly esteemed for their sterling personal qualifications. If permanency and absolute safety, soundness of management, and freedom from care and solicitude count for anything in an investment, the securities of this company more nearly meet the gen- eral want of the investing public than any other security now to be had. Of this fact a thorough investigation of them will convince the most skeptical, to whom patient courtesy is always shown by the managers of this com- pany, 114 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 5^1[3B^^'^^^^^^> McCOBB & CO., General Commission Merchants and Wholesale Dealers in Fruits and Pro- t'^fSl^mM f^uce, No. 78 South Market Street.— Among the noteworthy firms that have come to the front in the produce district in Boston of late years there are but few, if any, more successful than that of Parker, McCobb & Co., whose place of business is conveniently located at No. 78 South Market Street. They are general commission merchants, and wholesale dealers in fruits and country produce, and are doing a flourishing trade, being the largest produce dealers in this Hue supplying grocers, provision dealers and fruit dealers, their transactions extending throughout the New England States. They also sell large quantities to hotels and steamships, handling prime stock, and altogether, their patronage is of a most substantial character, and grows steadily apace. This reliable and well-known house was established in 1889 by Waite & Parker, who conducted the same up to about a year ago, when they were succeeded by Parker, McCobb & Company. Consign- ments are solicited, and returns are promptly made on the same, and interests placed with this responsible firm are certain to be judiciously handled. Supplies come from various points, east and west, and a large, first-class stock is constantly kept on hand, all orders for anything in the line indicated receiving immediate attention, and relations once formed with this house are more than likely to lead to a permanent business connection. Messrs. D. E. Parker and Frank W- McCobb, who compose the firm, are gentlemen in the prime of life and natives of Massachusetts and Maine respectively. They are both men of thorough experience as well as of energy and enter- prise, fully conversant with the trade, and are members of the Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange. |HE BOSTON ELECTRIC PEOTECTIVE ASSOCIATION, George W. Adaras, General Manager, No. Ill Arch Street. — The wide and practical application of electricity to the purposes of man is well illustrated by the career of tlie Boston Electric Protective Association, which has recently taken possession of its nev? and elegant office quarters at No. Ill Arch Street. The object of this association is to provide manufacturing corporations, public buildings, banks, stores, hotels, warehouses, etc., with a safeguard from burglars and a watchman's time detector. The business was inaugurated here on May 1, 1877, by Messrs. G. W. Adams and P. A. Dowd, now of the Sprague Motor Company, of New Yoi'k. The first work done by them was to build the first electric light for New England, which was commenced on July 20, 1880, for Jordan, Marsh & Co., who were then erecting their building, corner of Avon and Washington Streets, and who were the first to employ electricity for illuminating purposes while pulling down old buildings and excavating for foundations. The power used was supplied by their own engine on their premises. The power for illuminating while work was progressing on tlie new front of A. Shumway & Co.'s store was also obtained from the engine of Jordan, Marsh & Co. The machines used on these occasions were of the Maxine Patent and were produced by the United States Electric Lighting Company, of New York, and were of 8,000 candle power each, one of which is now in use in Boston for solar printing and is acknowledged to be one of the finest quality current machines in use. It was sold and billed from G. W. Adams, superintendent of the Boston Protective Asso- ciation, who used it as the first machine in practice in New England. The electric lights on the Common were also introduced by this gentleman on September 17, 1880. In 1S81 the present association was incorpoi'ated under the laws of the State of Massacliusetts, with ample capital and with Weston Lewis, president; Benjamin F. Dyer, treas- urer ; G. W. Adams, general manager; who, with Henry W. Wellington, form the board of directors. The plant of the association cost about $150,000, while the offices are the finest and best arranged of any like quarters in Boston. Tlie electric clock used by the Association is the invention of Mr. Adams, the general manager, and is the founda- tion of the success and prosperity of this enterprise. These clocks are especially valuable for bankers, as they are a sure protection from burglars, giving the necessary warning against their attacks. The places having this system are connected with the office of the Association, and when once closed for the day it is absolutely impossible for any one to enter the place in any manner without the ofifice being immediately notified, and a man is at once sent to the location of the clock to ascertain the cause. The clock also indicates the time of opening and closing the place of business and is a perfect check upon watchmen. These clocks are leased to parties on very reasonable terms, and estimates are furnislied for equipping buildings in any part of the country with this system. The association are now employing thirteen officers in this city on night duty, who patrol the various districts and examine the stores and other buildings belonging to their subscribers. Over four hundred watchmen's clocks of Mr. Adams' invention are now in use. Among the subscribers to the system in Boston are the Fi-eeman's National Bank, Manu- facturers National Bank, Continental National Bank, Broadway National Bank, Boylston National Bank, Home Savings Bank, American Rubber Company, C. F. Hovey & Co., Shepard, Norwell & Co., Jordan, Marsh & Co., Stouglitou Rubber Company, R. H. White & Co., Gilman's Restaurant, Moulton's Restaurant, J. Peavy & Bros., Isaac Fenno & Co., George R. Fisk & Co., Eureka Silk Company, Rogers, Wood, Loring & Co., A. B. Crocker & Com- pany, Joel Goldth waite & Co., Smith, Whiting, Connor & Co., Bliss, Fabyan& Co., Commonwealth Clothing Company, Whitten, Burdett & Young, Coleman, Mead & Co., James Rothwell & Co., Massachusetts National Bank, Boston Belting Company, Walker, Stetson, Sawyer Company, John H. Pray, Sons & Co., J. A. Jackson, Farley, Harvey & Co., Weil, Dryfus & Co., R. & J. Gilchrist, Parker, Holmes & Co., Dennison Manufacturing Company, Macullar, Parker & Co., Abram French Company, Jones, McDuffee & Stratton, Miner, Beal & Co., A. Sliuman & Co., E. H. Stearns & Co., Bradford, Thomas & Co., and many others. The association has recently re-wired the stor- age vaults and store of E. B. Sears, the furrier, containing four floors, with a wire every six inches and with two BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. 115 circuits, wliile tlie services of the Association are in constant and important requisition tliroui^liuut tlie country. President Lewis is best known as president of the Manufacturers National Bank. Treasurer Dyer is at tlie head of tlie well-known mercantile house of Dyer, Rice & Co. ; while Mr. Wellington is one of the proprietors of the Silver Lake Mills. General Manager Adams is a native of Connecticut, served in the army three years during the war, and settled in Boston in 186.5. He it was who ei-ected tlie .57,000 candle power light on Boston Common at the time of the Army and Navy celebration. He has had an experience of sixteen years in the electrical industry and has given the science careful and painstaking study, and to some purpose. He is a prominent Mason, .32°, a member of the G. A. E., and a gentleman of wide acquaintance, marked inventive talent and thorough business reliability, who is to be congratulated on the success achieved through his well directed genius and unremitting industry. BOSTON MARBLE COMPANY, John D. Allen, Manager, Rutland, Sutherland Falls, Mountain Dark, and Italian Marble and Supplies, No. S Thacher Street. — In this brief sketch of the business of the Vermont Marble Company, as represented here in Boston, we introduce to our readers the largest mar- ble quarrying concern in the world, ranking first in quality and foremost in the volume of its produc- tion. The Vermont Marble Company has its quarries, mills and works at Proctor, Center Rutland and West Rutland, in Rutland County, Vermont, and is represented here by the Boston Marble Company, whose head- quarters are located at No. 8 Thacher Street. This branch was opened in 1875, and is under the management of Mr. John D. Allen, who is selling agent for the company in New England. He carries a full supply of finished work for both building and monumental purposes, and his house is the recognized leader in its line in the city. It is only within a comparatively few years that the development of the country and the clieapeniug of production by the use of improved machinery have given to the marble business such an impetus that it now ranks as the principal industry of Vermont, and an important and growing factor in the business of the country. Italian marble had been quite extensively used for many years. No one questioned but that the American product was its equal in fine- ness of grain and variety and beauty of color, but, being little known, it was claimed that it would not stand the changes of our variable climate as well as the Italian. Tears of exposure side by side with its foreign rival have shown the reverse to be true, and, as an inevitable result, Vermont Marble has very rapidly displaced the Italian; so that, now, the output of American Marble, and the capital invested in it, is very much in excess of the Italian. To-day there are 371 gangs sawing on marble in Vermont, and of this number the Vermont Marble Company operates 300. In the department devoted to monumental work there is used everything in the way of machin- ery known for tracing, polishing and turning, and of the 2000 men now on tlie pay rolls of the company, from 300 to 500 are kept at work on this particular branch of the trade. Fabrication of memorial work has become an art requiring originalty of conception, technical training, patient and intelligent application, and the very acme of expert workmanship, to secure an artistic totality of admirable and enduring qualities. To fully meet tliese essential requisites, the efforts of the Boston Marble Company are unremitting. Their extensive show-rooms are replete with a varied and complete assortment of designs, suited to the tastes and means of all, and values are here offered which cannot be duplicated elsewhere. All work proves as represented, is guaranteed in every respect, and every statement in letter and spirit is fully substantiated. In both memorial designs, ideal and realistic carving, and in the selection of materials, this company stand pre-eminent in the trade. The fullest extent of artistic possi- bility has signalized their many productions. Their well-tested merits, and marked appreciation in every cemetei-y in this city and throughout New England, is their best possible recommendation, their only needed endorsement. In the selection of raw materials, this company possesses every qualification, and the trade recognizes their judgment as unerring. They supply both Rutland, Sutherland Falls, Mountain Dark, and Italian marble, and all necessary supplies. For the execution of building work no house in the marble business is so well adapted for success as this. The Sutherland Falls marble is undoubtedly the strongest, most durable and in general effect most satisfactory for this class of work. It is not a pure white, but slightly clouded or variegated; is a fine, hard and close grained stone, and so does not absorb the impurities of the atmosphere, but retains its bright and clear appearance after continued exposure. Not being a dead white, it blends so nicely in an entire front as to be espe- cially pleasing and harmonious. It is peculiarly adapted for buildings requiring large pieces, as blocks of almost any size can be quarried. When a dark stone is required, nothing can be found any handsomer tlian the Rutland Blue or Mountain Dark. Rock-faced, it presents the finest effect of any known material. White Rutland makes a very imposing front, and when a contrast is desired a handsome appearance is obtained by combining the white and blue Rutland, while either of these used as trimmings with brick or other material is very effective. Among specimens of building work executed by this company in Boston may be named the Advertiser Building, the Parker House addition, the' Rogers Building, and the State House addition. The marble from the Vermont Marble Company was also used for the new terrace wall and grand stairway at the IJ. S. Capitol, Washington ; Whig Hall, Princeton College; U. S. Post office, Montpelier Vt., and many public buildings all over the country. Dealers are promptly supplied with marble in any quantity or form desired in any part of New England by the Boston Marble Company. Mr. Allen, the manager, is a native of Scotland, in the active prime of life, and has been with this company for a period of twenty years. He is an expert authority in the business, and a gentleman of experience, ability and sterling personal worth, with whom it will be found both pleasant and profitable to deal. 116 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. UTUALLIFE INSURANCE COMPANY of New York; C. A. Hopkins, General Agent. Office, Mutual Life Insurance Building. — There is no need at the present day to advance any argument relative to the wisdom of providing for the future of one's wife and family, or as i-egards the character of the obligations imposed upon the head of every household in the community. The principal question that arises, and which we desire to answer, is, what company offers the greatest security, and the tions to the public. We that The Mutual Life New York, best fulfills most substantial condi- unhesitatingly a f& r m Insurance Company of these conditions and is regards liberal and hon- solid prosperity, the thy of patronage. The York is a great na- financial bulwark to the and a no less desirable place money as a splen- ment. It is i-epresented Hopkins, a s General sachusetts, with offices Building. The Mutual 1843, and its growth has ous, upon a scale of uu- rendering it the largest It has paid to its polioy- tion, the vast sum of cording to the state- 31, 1891, its assets 138.68; with a surplus 507 policies in force, reserve on policies at 322.00. The wonderful is due in a large degree tions and conditions in to the opportunities for in every way, both as orable management aud corporation most wor- Mutual Life of New tional institution ; a widow and fatherless, corporation in which to did financial invest- in Boston by Col. C. A. Agent for Eastern Mas- in the Company's own Life was organized in been rapid andcontinu- paralleled magnitude, Company in the world, holders, since organiza- $306,000,000.00, and ac- ment made December amounted to $159,507,- of $12,0.30,967.16; 225,- insuriug $695,753,461.03 ; 4 per cent., $146,968,- growth of the company to freedom from restric- its policy contracts, and investment which its policies provide. The distribution policy of this company is the most liberal contract offered by any company in the world, and produces the most profitable results for the policy-holder. This is also the cheapest company to insure in, its large dividend returns reducing the cost of insurance below that of any other corporation. The actual results of insuring in the Mutual Life are demonstrated by the practical experience of thousands, being far superior to those of any other association ; while the safety and certainty of returns are absolutely definite and assured. No insurance company represented in Boston is better managed or more commodiously housed. Its own building, erected in 1877, is one of the architectural ornaments of the city. It is six stories in height, with an iron tower 230 feet high, and constructed entirely of marble and iron so as to be absolutely fire-proof. It covers a ground area of 10,000 square feet, and was erected at a cost of over $1,000,000. The offices of the company on the second floor are roomy, elegantly furnished and finely appointed, and a large corps of clerks are employed therein, while this agency sends out 132 solicitors and special agents. Col. Hopkins, the General Agent for East- ern Massachusetts, is one of the best known life underwriters in New England. He was born at Spencer, Tioga Co., N. Y., in 1841, and removed with his parents 'in 1852 to Jersey City, where he attended school until 1856, when he entered the wholesale department of A. T. Stewart & Company. Here the outbreak of the war found him ready to enlist, and he went out at the first call with the Eighth New York, serving three months, and imme- diately re-enlisted in the Fifty-ninth Regiment. In August, 1862, he became Adjutant of the Thirteenth New Jersey, and was afterwards made Captain, brevetted Major for gallantry, and during the last nine months of the war served on the staff of the General commanding the Twentieth corps. He was in the famous battles of Bull Run, Antietam, Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, and through the Atlanta campaign, and was mustered out June 1, 1865. The follow- ing month he entered the service of the Mutual Life, and was made cashier in 1866, and filled the position till 1875, when he was appointed General Agent for Rhode Island, with headquarters at Providence. While in that city he was twice elected a representative to the State Legislature, and served as Chief of Staff, and Inspector of the State Militia, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. In January, 1888, he became General Agent for Eastern Massachusetts, and has won hosts of friends in the city and state by his promptness, business ability and sterling traits of character. UUSTOJSI ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEfiATUEE. ia7 |B. MOORS & CO., Baukers, No. Ill Devonshire Street.— The private banking houses of the city of Boston are divided into two classes— those meriting the distinction of being representative houses and those exerting but a minor influence upon the financial prosperity of the city. Eminently conspicuous among the former, stands the house of Messrs. J. B. Moors & Co. bankers, No. Ill Devonshire Street. Messrs. Moors & Co. have been estabhslied for a quarter of a century, the existing business title of the concern being the same as when the house was founded. Messrs. Moors & Co. transact a special banking business of a high class. They handle in large volume, foreign exchange, letters of credit, bills of exchange and make loans . upon warehouse receipts. The' clientele of the firm is extremely influential and expansive, and, through the long and honored history of the house, its story is one of prosperity achieved as the reward of merit. The concern has its correspondents in all the principal cities, and its London, Eng., representative is the celebrated house of Morton, Rose & Co., Layard Bros. & Co., and Credit Lyonnais of Paris. The banking house occupied by the firm consists of a large office excellently located upon the first floor of the building. The same is elegantly and appropriately appointed and a corps of fifteen able employees is maintained. The name "J. B. Moors & Co.," comprises those of two of Boston's most able and conscientious financiers— Mr. J. B. Bloors, and Mr. A. W. Moors, his son. The former gentleman is a native of Massachusetts, and a director of the Elliott Fire Insurance Co. He resides in Boston, and is enthusiastically allied with the business prosperity of the city. The esteemed junior is a Bostonian, and a young man of bright promise. His identification with the house commenced ten years ago, and has been a member of the firm for five years, and if his career up to the present may be accepted as a basis upon which to form a forecast, then his future is to be the embodiment of success. , -M--^-^ ARRY BROS. & CO., Manufacturers of Sand and Water Struck Brick, Offices, No. 19 Central Street, and Raymond Street, N. Vl^H^^^S Cambridge.— In the production of common brick a representative and successful concern in this city is that of Parry e— «B^sS05*- Bros. & Co., whose office is at No. 19 Central Street, and who also have an office at their yard on Raymond Street, N.' Cambridge. This is a time-honored concern, having been estabUshed many years ago by the father of the present proprietors, by whom it was continued up to the year of his death, when his sons, the present proprietors, suc- ceeded to the control. When they came into possession they had but one small yard in Cambridge, but owing to the industry and application exercised they have since developed the enterprise to its present extensive proportions, and now have four large brick yards, one at N. Cambridge on Raymond Street, another on Concord Avenue, Cambridge, a third at Belmont, Blass., and the fourth at Concord, N. H. Each yard is equipped with a complete set of brick-making machinery of the latest and most improved pattern; the machinery is driven by steam-power and everything has been provided which would in any way aid in, securing a first-class output. Employment is afforded over three hundred workmen, and the productive capacity is from 20,000,000 to 25,000,000 brick per year. The firm are manufacturers of sand and water-struck brick and their products are of a superior and uniform reliable character. The trade has its tributary area all throughout the New England States, and the transactions are steadily growing in volume and influence. The individual members of the firm, Messrs. J. E., W. A., G. A., and R. H. Parry are natives of Cambridge. They are practical brick makers ■of mature experience, are members of the Master Builders' Association of Boston, and sustain an Al status in the business and financial world. AGEE FURNACE COMPANY, Office and Salesrooms, Nos. 32, 34, 36 and 38 Union Street, Nos. 19, 21, 23, 25 and 37 Friend Street.— In no department of domestic economy has the application of scientific facts and methods of manufacture produced greater results or more noteworthy improvements within a comparatively few years than in the matter of heating furnaces and cook- ing ranges. The leader in this advance is the Magee Furnace Company, whose main office and salesrooms are at Nos. 32, 34, 36 and 38 Union and Nos. 19. 21, 23, 25, and 27 Friend Street, with extensive foundries at Chelsea, Mass., and branch houses at Chicago, New York, San Fi'ancisco and Kansas City. The history of this house dates back to 1856, and in 1867 the present com- pany was incorporated under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $400,000, and with John Magee, president; Albert N. Parlin, secretary, treasurer and general manager. The manufacturing plant at Chelsea is the largest of its kind in New England, having a "Capacity of melting thij-ty tons of iron per day, admirably situated for receiving and shipping stock both by water and rail, and giving steady employment to four hundred skilled hands. The warerooms in this city comprise three buildings, five stories each, divided into different de- partments, all fully stocked and ably managed, in which fifty tinsmiths, clerks and salesmen find employment. The Magee system of hot water and hot air heating has gained a prestige for this house which could not be secured by any other means, and is best illus- trated by the success of the Magee combination hot water and hot air heater, in which is combined the best known and certainly the most sanitary methods of heating a house, viz.: by using the hot water circulation as a direct heater and the warm air for heating and ventilation. By thus combining the two they produce a very powerful and even heater, with much less consumption • of fuel than by^,other methods in use at the present time. There is no trouble in heating all parts of the house, the hot water being used for rooms remote, and not easily reached by the hot air. The testimony of those who use this combination is that the results are a delightful and healthful summer atmosphere throughout the house. It has been used by this company for many years with universal success, and it is undoubtedly the best and most economical method of heating yet known. The Magee Bos- ton Heater Furnace, for warm air, stands without a peer in this or any other market. It is constructed on the most economical and scientific principles and of the most sanitary material, wrought (plate) iron, with riveted joints, with a brick-lined firepot in which can be placed one, two, three or four of the water sections, making the most perfect, economical and sanitary heater in existence. The loss of heat into the cellar by radiation, which takes place in most of the hot water heaters in use to-day, is avoided in this combination by the use of the air-chamber "for warming the outside air, thereby accomplishing two good results— keeping thelcellar cool and warming the air for use above. The leading specialties of this company also include the Magee Kitchener, with mammoth double oven range, for use in small hotels, boarding houses, restaurants and the best class of private dwellings, which is strictly first-class in every particular and without an equal, quick in action, certain in operation, of newest design, excellent workmanship and sold at moderate prices; Blagee's Champion Hot Air Furnace, for hard or soft coal, in five different sizes, having great heating capacity, self cleaning, perfectly gas tight and easily man- aged, economical in fuel and the cheapest furnace made, considering its merits; the Magee Standard Portable Range, the most convenient, finest made and best operating range in the market, having nothing simply for show but everything for utility; Magee's BIystic Range, with the wonderful dock-ash grate, the Bostonian Range, having every improvement and convenience contained in other I'anges, and being the most desirable " two-flue " range on the market to-day; the " Standard " Brick Range, a " standard " of excellence, giving unqualified satis- faction and without an equal; Magee's Ideal, the latest production in surface burning sheet-iron stoves; the Blistletoe, the Magee Royal Standard, the Clifton, the Vendome. Magee's Mystic art stove and other patterns. In a word this company are makers of the largest line of strictly first-class furnaces, ranges and stoves of any manufacturer in the country, while they warrant their goods to give purchasers entire ; satisfaction. The business partakes of both a wholesale and retail character, and it is by no means confined to the United States, heavy ship- ments being made to England, Germany, Norway, Africa, Persia and South America. President Magee is known and honored as the inventor of the Blagee furnaces and stoves and as one of the representative manufacturers of New England. General Manager Parlin is an expert ■and accomplished director, noted for his executive ability, and is promoting the interests of this great corporation with enterprise, discrimi- nating judgment and brilliant success. 138 BOSTON: ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. Army and Navy Monument, Boston Common. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 139 UlCHIGAN RADIATOR & IRON JI'F'G. CO.. Manufacturers of Perfection Radiators, E. E. Pierce, Manager, No. 126 Higli, Comer of Pearl Street. — The careful observer, in loolriug over the range of this city's manufacturing resources, cannot avoid being impressed witli the fact that of late years it lias become widely diversified, and that its commercial and general mer- cantile enterprises have become greatly varied. Numerous auxiliary lines have sprung up in specialties for which there is a widespread demand. Boston has grown to be such an important business center that out-of-town houses find it profitable to establish branches here. A well-known concern that opened a branch here on May 1, 1891, is that of the Michigan Radiator & Iron Manufacturing Company, whose general office and works are at Detroit, Michigan. This company was organized eight years since and incorporated under the state laws of Michigan, with a capital stock of $100,000., the officers and directors being the following prominently known gentlemen; John B. Dyar, president; M. S. Smith, vice-president; Clarence Carpenter, treasurer; Clarence M. Woolley, secretary; Hon. James McMillan. The company have a large, finely equipped plant, employ a large force of hands, and make a leading specialty of their " Perfection Radiators." The manager of the Boston branch is Mr. Edward R. Pierce, a native of Maine, who has had thorough expe- rience in his vocation, having formerly been with the Portland Radiator Co. of Portland, Me. He occupies spacious quarters in which a complete stock of samples of the company's products is carried. These goods are of the most superior character, having no superior in the market, and all orders from the trade are filled upon the most equitable terms. A large warehouse located on the Boston Wharf Go's pro- perty in the yards of the New England Railroad is also occupied by the company who carry there a complete line of their goods for immediate delivery 'to the New England trade. OSBORN & CO., Commission Merchants, and Dealers in Manufacturers' and Soap Makers' Supplies, No. 25 Central Wharf, and No. 119 Central Street. — Few mercantile houses of Boston are better known than that of Messrs. A. Osborn & Co., the popular Commission Merchants and dealers in manufacturers' and soap makers' supplies, tallow, grease and soap stock of all kinds, at No. 25 Central Wharf and No. 119 Central Street. Both as regards its honor- i able record and repi-esentative character, this house stands in the van of the trade. It has been in successful operation since 1860, and enjoys a connection that is practically world wide, receiving chemicals from various parts of Europe, oil from Africa, and cocoanut oil, saponified red oil. cotton seed oil, cotton seed foots, curriers' oil, rosin, soda ash, potash, caustic soda, sal soda, silicate of soda, alum, china clay, bleaching powders, glue, domestic and foreign sizing, etc., from the best regions of production. Consignments of tallow, grease and kindred supplies are solicited, on which liberal advances are made. Shippers to this firm can rely upon quick sales and prompt returns in all cases. The business premises comprise two buildings, containing four floors and a basement each, and giving ample accommodations for handling and storing the immense stock that is constantly car- ried. Sales are made in wholesale lots, and goods are promptly forwarded to all parts of the Union. Soap makers especially will do well to make a factor of this house when ordering their supplies as its terms are rarely equaled in liberality and its goods commend their own merits to the confidence and patronage of critical and discriminating purchasers. The members of this firm are Messrs. Adolphus Osborn, Francis A. Osborn, and Wm. S. Gardner, all of whom are native Bostonians, and stand deservedly high in both commercial, financial and social life. The senior partner was the original founder ofthe business, and admitted his son in 1881 and Mr. Gardner in 188.3 to partnership, both of whom had been in the house for upwards of twenty years. They have achieved a success due to their enterprising and honorable business methods and are all to be congratulated upon the prosperity that has attended their mercantile career. JjHARLES E. HALEY & CO., Importers of and .Jobbers in Druggists' Sundries, Franklin and Arch Streets.— Few peo- ple outside those immediately concerned have any idea of the magnitude of the trade in imported and domestic druggists' sundries here in Boston at the present day. It constitutes a factor of surpassing importance and the volume of business transacted grows apace. Notable among the leading Arms contributing to the sum of commercial activity in the particular line above indicated is that of Cliarles E. Haley & Co., whose establishment is at the corner of Frank- lin and Arch Streets. This concern had its inception some forty years ago, the founders being William Bellamy & Co., and twenty years later Mr. Bellamy's death occurred. In 1881, the Arm became Charles E. Haley & Co.; in 1889, Mr. Haley died, and he was succeeded by his son, the present proprietor, Mr. Charles G. Haley. He had for some years prior to that held a responsible position in the establishment, and grown thoroughly familiar with all the requirements of the trade, The premises utilized are amply spacious, covering an area of 60 x 1.50 feet, and they are appointed with every facility for the storage and hand- ling of stock. Mr. Haley employs fifteen assistants, and carries on active operations as an importer of and general jobber in druggists' sundries of every description, his trade extending throughout New York State, New England and the South. A heavy stock is carried and orders meet with prompt fulfillment. Mr. Haley is a native of Boston, prominent in club and social circles, and liberally endowed with those qualities that bespeak success in the commercial world. ROCKINGHAM MACHINE COMPANY, Shoe Machinery, No. 57 Lincoln Street.— The growth of the trade in boot and shoe machinery is one of the most important features of Boston's commercial development, and gives evidence of the zeal, energy and well directed enterprise or the leading members of the trade. In this line the Rockingham Machine Com- pany has for the past five years had an active and successful career, and now occupies a front rank position in the trade. This company are extensive designers and builders of boot and shoe machinery, including heel burnishers, bottom buffers, improved McKay horn, headers, heel scourers and carburetei's. The company was organized in 1886, with works at Exeter, N. H., and operate salesrooms at No. 57 Lincoln Street, with Mr. Wm. Gordon as selUng agent. This gen- tleman has had twenty years' experience in this line of business, and is thoroughly posted in all the details of the industry and the requirements of the trade. Among the specialties of this company are the "Leader" heel burnisher, an automatic machine for hot kit burnishing, having duplex jack, and weighing five hundred pounds; the "Twin Leader," the same as the " Leader" except that it has double the capacity, and weighs seven hundred pounds; the Rockingham wax heel burnisher, No. 1 an automatic machine for finishing the edges of the heels with wax, and designed to meet the requirements of factories in which the production is not more than eight hundred pairs per day; No. 2 is designed for a larger production of eight hundred to fourteen hundred pairs per day with one opera- tor; the Rockingham Bottom Buffer is an entirely new design, having large shaft and bearings, the main column, hood, blower, and bearings being one casting; the Carbureter, a new device for heating shoe tools and machines, easily set up, requiring no pulley to run the pump, the belt running on the main shaft, and in factories where there is no gas easil.y paying for itself, as the saving is about eight hundred per cent, over alcohol. These productions are in heavy and permanent demand with shoe manufacturers throughout the entire United States, and are preferred to all other makes in such important centers of the shoe trade as Boston, Lynn, Haverhill, Brockton, Salem, Beverly, Marblehead, Natick, Woburn, Marlboro, Hudson, Rockland, Stoneham, Stonington, Weymouth and Spencer in Massachusetts; Chicago, Cincinnati, Roch- ester and other places. The officers of this enterprising company are A. B. Fowler, president; Geo. Warren, treasurer; both of whom are well-known residents of Exeter, N. H., and expert and talented manufacturers. Mr. Gordon, the selling agent, was formerly connected with the Flagg Manufacturing Company, in this city, and is a gentleman of wide acquaintance, marked business ability and steriing personal worth. ;^40 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. F EICO & COMPANY, Importers and Packers o£ Havana Tobacco, No. 270 State Street.— The importation of tobacco in tlie leaf from Cuba is a business of no small extent in this city, which, from the fact of its superior shipping facilities, is naturally the distributing center for the New England States. Among the leading houses in this Mne of business is that of Messrs. A. F. Eico & Company, No. 270 State Street. They are extensire importers and pack- ' ers of Havana and Sumatra tobaccos; and wholesale dealers in the same, supplying the trade in all the principal markets of New England. They have a resident buyer in Havana and a spacious warehouse at Sn Muiguel Street, No 113 in that city. This gives thera exceptional advantages in the way of securing choice selections. Their warerooms in this city ■comorise two floors which are always stocked with a fidl' line of the various grades of tobacco in which tliey deal. The business was established by Messrs. Eico & Company in 1879, at No. 18 Central Wharf, whence they removed to their present quarters a few months .aeo Mr A F Eico is a native of Galicia, Spain, and has resided in Boston tor sixteen years. He is an expert judge of tobacco and practically familiar with all the details of the trade. L NASON & CO., Auctioneers, Eeal Estate Brokers and Appraisers, Office, No. 21 School Street.— There is probably not one among the many solid firms engaged in the handhng of realty and kindred interests in Boston which is better known or stands higher in public esteem than tliat of J. L. Nason & Co., whose office is at No. 21 School Street. It was established in 181)0, and during the nearly thirty-two years since mtervening has maintained an enduring hold • on popular favor, acquiring an extensive and substantial patronage. Mr. Nason, who is the sole member of the firm (the ■•Co." being nominal), is a gentleman of middle age, active and energetic, and resides at No. 259 West Newton Street near Huntington Avenue. He is a man of the highest personal integrity, as well as long and thorough experience in the domain' of realty and risks, and is also a qualified Notary Public and Justice of the Peace, The quarters occupied as office on the second floor of the address above indicated are commodious and well appointed, and are connected by telephone (294) while several efficient clerks are employed. A general real estate business is transacted, including the purchase, sale and care of city and suburban property of every description, and the collection of rents and management of estates receive prompt and personal attention. Loans and mortt'ages are negotiated, also, and insurance is effected in flrst-class flre and accident companies, at lowest rates, the firm being sub-agents for the " Citizens Mutual " of Boston; the "Home " of New York; the " Eoyal" of London, and the New York Plate Glass Insurance Company. Appraisments of property are made for intending purchasers, likewise, and real and personal estates are sold at auction in all parts of the State, sales at auction being a specialty. Investments are judiciously placed, too, while attests, affidavits and all other leal documents pertaining to the functions of Notary Public and Justice of the Peace are carefully and accurately drawn up; and all business intrusted to this reliable firm is certain to be attended to in the most careful, competent and satisfactory manner. Hon. Jesse L. Nason, the subject of this sketch, was a member of the Boston City Government in the years 1878-79, and represented Ward 17, in the legis- lature of 1882 and 1883. and was thirteen years a member of the Eepublican City Committee, and Treasurer of the City Committee for three years. rUETEVANT MILL COMPANY, Manufacturers of the Sturtevant Mill for Crushing and Pulverizing Ores, Phosphates, Etc., E. C. Huxley, President; W. H. Ellis, Treasurer; Office, No. 88 Mason Building.— This company are manufact- urers of the Sturtevant Mill for crushing and grinding ores, phosphates, cement and all other hard and refractory materials; developing an entirely new principle, avoiding the usual wear and tear of machinery, and doing in a much more rapid and thorough manner the work of a crusher and stamp mill combined. The company was incor- porated in 1833, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $300,000, and is officered as follows, viz. : E. C. Huxley, president; W. H. Ellis, treasurer. The factory of the company is located at Wilmington, Del., while a mill-stone shop was established at Hyde Park, Mass., in 1890. The Sturtevant Mill is composed of two cylmdrical heads, or cups, arranged upon the opposite sides of a case, into which they slightly project, facing each other, and are made to revolve in opposite directions. The rock being conveyed to the interior of the case through the opening at the top, is retained and prevented from dropping below the revolving heads or cups by a cast iron screen; and entering, as it must, the heads or cups in revolution, is immediately thrown out again from each cup in opposite directions, with such tremendous force that the rock from one cup in the collision with the rock thrown oppositely from the other cup is crushed and pulverized, and the grinding, which otherwise would be upon the mill, is transferred to the material, which is at once reduced to powder. The method of reducing rock by this process differs entirely from any other ever in use. The mill is of extremely sim- ple construction, being composed of only four elementary parts— a case, two hollow heads or cups and a screen— and is easily run and kept in repair. The attention of all who are interested in the crushing and grinding of ores and other hard materials is caUed to the absolute originality of this invention, as it is the only mill ever constructed where rocks are really made to grind themselves. That so small and simple a machine should accomplish so much work as this does seems incredible. The Sturtevant Mills are made in four sizes, with heads frem eight to twenty inches in diameter and vary in capacity according to the size. They are arranged to grind to any fineness desired, pulverizing more rapidly and economically than stamps, stone mills or rolls, while as a crusher they will reduce hard material to a small size far more rapidly and economically than any other crushing machine. With the exception of the large breakers of a mine, one Sturtevant mill will do the work of a whole plant of ordinary mining machinery. They are in use and highly indorsed by such weh-known concerns as the Standard Fertilizer Company, Boston; Walton & Whann Company, Wilmington, Del. ; Bowker Fertilizer Company, Eliza- bethport, N. J. ; Dambmann Brothers & Company, Baltimore, Md. ; Etiwan Phosphate Company, Charleston, S. C. ; Pacific Guano Company, Woods Holl, Mass,; Lawes Chemical Manure Company, London, Eng,; Langdale's Chemical Manure Company [Limited], Newcastle-on- Tyne, Eng., W. M. Boss* Co., Seaford, Del., Savannah Guano Company, Savannah, Ga.; Richmond Chemical Company, Richmond, Va.; Susquehanna Fertilizer Company, Baltimore, Md. ; Akron Cement Works, Buffalo, N. Y. ; Standard Cement Company, New Haven, Conn. ; Southern Pavement Company, Fort Payne, Ala.; Croton Magnetic Iron Ore Company, Brewster, N. Y., for iron ore; Boston Tin Mining Company, Irish Creek, Virginia, tin ore; Colorado Plate Glass Company, Colorado Springs, Colorado, limestone and sandstone; St. Louis Smelting and Refining Company, St. Louis, Mo.; Anaconda Smelting Works, Anaconda, Mont.; Holmes, Booth & Hay- dans, Waterbury, Conn.;-Oxford Copper Company, N. Y. ; Nova Scotia Paint Works, Halifax, N. S. ; while they are in heavy and influential demand in all parts of the United States, England. Germany, Mexico, Australia. South America and Europe. This company are also sole manufacturers of rock emery mill stones. These are like the usual mill stones in outward appearance and can be adapted to any machinery where burr stones are now used, without any expense in altering the existing mill frames and gearing, and grinding to better advantage all substances ground in ordinary burr mills. The emery mill stones are composed of pieces of emery fresh from the mine, cemented together. The grinding face of the emery mill stones never polishes, and thus as it wears away it is always sharp and incisive, and its cutting power is unequaled. Heat has no injurious effect upon them. As compared with burr stones, the same horse power applied to the emery stones wiU give more product to the same fineness and of a better quality, as the faces of the emery mills are regular, always sharp, and their cutting power surpasses that of any other surfaces known. The following advantages are therefore claimed for the emery mill stones, to wit; economy of plant, economy of power, economy of labor, increased product, increased fineness and reliability. Prices and further particulars will be cheerfully and promptly given at the office of the company. President Huxley is a well-known Bostonian, an experienced businessman of great executive ability, who succeeded to his present position in 1886. Treasurer Ellis became the .head of the financial department of the business in 1887, as successor to Mr. T. L. Sturtevant, the inventor of the mill which hears his name and the founder of this enterprise. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 141 i. p. WEEKS, 781 Devonshire —Few, if any, the real estate ton are better public esteem than W. B. in the John Hancock Building shire Street. He has been estab- ' 1887, and has acquired a sub- age, numbering in his extensive zens in the community. Mr. of the Real Estate Exchange, is and a native of this city. He is integrity as well as of energy and versant with every feature and sale and transfer of realty and eral real estate and fire insur- exchanging all classes of city ticular attention to the handling meut property. Estates are collected, also, and loans are risks are placed in first-class fire senting the Springfield Fire and ity of Connecticut and other business intrusted to this gentle- in the most careful, capable and Real Estate and Insurance, No, Street, John Hancoclc Building, among the number engaged in and insurance business in Bos- known or stand higher in P. Weeks, wliose office is (room No. 201) No. 178 Devon- lislied in the line indicated since stantial and influential patron- clientele many of the sohd citi- Weeks, who is an active member still a comparatively young man a man of the liighest personal sagacity, and is thoroughly con- detail pertaining to the purchase, kindred interests. He is a gen- ance broker, buying, selling and business property, and gives par- of manufacturing and invest- taken in charge and rents negotiated on mortgages, while companies, Mr. Weeks repre- Blarine, the Meriden, the Secur- .stanch associations, and all man is certain to be attended to trustworthy manner. G. CHEEVER & CO., Manufacturers of Plain and Fancy Paper Boxes, No. 109 Kingston Street.— An industry that has grown to very extensive proportions since its inception is that of the manufacture of paper boxes, and a leading Boston house engaged in this field of production is that of A. G. Cheever & Co., whose office, salesroom and factory are situated at No. 109 Kingston Street. This enterprise was founded in 1871 by Messrs. A. G. Cheever and Adam Horle, on Milk Street, and re- ' mained under their joint management up to 1886, when the latter retired, his interest being succeeded to by his son, Mr. Francis A. Horle. In 1889 a i-emoval was effected to the present quarters, where the firm occupy premises having an area of 5,000 square feet. The works are equipped with the most improved machinery, operated by steam-power, and employment is found for fifty experienced hands. Messrs. Cheever & Co., are manufacturers of all kinds of plain and fancy boxes, a leading specialty being made of the latter. The output is a very large one, and the trade suppligd extends all throughout New England. The facilities of the house are complete in every respect, orders of any magnitude can be promptly filled, while the prices which rule are of a character as to successfully challenge competition. Mr. Cheever, the senior member of the firm, is now eighty-seven years of age, but is still hale, hearty and vigorous, attends daily to the routine of business, and bids fair to round out a century of a life spent in usefulness and activity. He is a native of Wrentham, Mass. Mr. Horle was born in New York City, is a young, energetic business man, and is_very popularly known in the community. |LASTIG TIP COMPANY, Exporters and Importers, Patentees and Manufacturers of Rubber Goods and Specialties, No. 157 Washington Street.— There is no substance now in use that is capable of subserving so many and varied pur- poses of man as India rubber. Not only are waterproof garments, boots and shoes made of this material, but a great number of fabrics and ai-ticles especially adapted for mechanical purposes. Each year but enlarges the sphere of its usefulness, and its manufacture is increasing at a rapid ratio. One of the most enterprising and progressive houses in this line in Boston is the Elastic Tip Company, patentees and manufacturers of rubber goods and specialties, at No. 137 Washington Street, with factory at No. .370 Atlantic Avenue. This company have an international repu- tation as patentees of the Vacuum Tipped Arrow Pistol, elastic chair tips and buffers, crutch tips, bicycle handles, bicycle tires, water bottles, syringes, druggists' sundries, etc.; and operate branch offices at Nos. 158 and 154 Lake Streef, Chicago, 111., at Nos. 13 Edmund Place, B. G. London, Eng.; .31 Elphinstone Circle, Bombay, India ; and Admiralitat Strasse, 40 Hamburg, Germany. Their vacuum tipped arrow pistol is perfectly harmless, yet it is as accurate as a revolver. As a parlor amusement for young and old it has no equal, and tor outdoor sport it is far superior to any toy gim or pistol ever placed on the market. Furniture manufacturers, dealers and cabinet workers will no longer have to place homemade and ill-shaped buffers on their goods, as they will find among the great variety of tips maile by this company just the right thing for any place they may desire to put an elastic buffer. Their patent elastic furniture fenders for the backs of sofas, chairs, bedsteads, etc., give protection to the walls and paper, and are made entirely by a new process, being much more elastic and far more durable than any in the market. Special attention is given to the character and quality of the productions in every department, and a constant effort is made to raise the standard of excellence and enhance their utility and value, while at the same time cheapening the cost of their production. A corps of talented salesmen represent the interests of the house upon the road, and the business transacted is very large and influential with jobbers and retailers throughout the United States, Great Britain, Germany, France, India, South America and other quarters of the globe. The terms and prices quoted are invariably satisfactory to the trade, and orders are promptly filled in all cases. The business of this house was originally established in 187.3 by Mr. P. W. Pratt, who admitted Mr. D. S. Pratt in 1870 and Jlr. B. H. Pratt in 1889, constituting the company as it stands at present. These gentlemen are natives and residents of Abing- ton. Mass., and stand deservedly high in business and trade circles both at home and abroad. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. |OWARD W. SPURR & CO., Wholesale Grocers, Nos. 19. 21, 23 and 25 Commercial and Nos. 56, 58, 60, 62, 64 and 72 South Market Streets.— Boston can point with justifiable pride to this house as an exponent of the greatest achieve- ments in the grocery trade. This firm is the outgrowth of the business houses of Wadley, Spurr & Co., organ- ized in 1869, and Spurr, Washburn & Holmes, organized in 1875, in 1881 assuming the firm name of Howard W. Spurr & Co. The business is represented by more than twenty different departments, and the firm controls the How- ard W. Spurr Coffee Couipany, The Howard W. Spurr (Jigar Company, and The Howard W. Spurr Specialty Company, with factories in both Boston and New York. They are widely prominent both as wholesale grocers, large dealers in flour, butter, cheese, provisions and produce, cigars and tobaccos, and foreign and domestic fruits; and as tea and coffee importers, coffee ""oasters and packers, holding also the sole New England agency for a number of the largest manufactures of cigars, tobaccos, flour and general food products in the United States. The large practical experience of the proprietors gives them advantages in obtaining supplies rarely equaled by any other firm in the trade, rendering it desirable for large buyers in search of the best qualities to inspect this stock before concluding purchases elsewhere. Such staples as tea, coffee and spices, flour, butter and cheese, sugars, syrups and molasses are prominent specialties with this firm, and their trade in these lines alone has attained enormous proportions. In the canned goods department the firm handle only those brands of meats, fruits and vegetables that experience and test have shown to be perfect both as regards quality and method of preservation. The two great specialties of the firm, however, are Spurr's Revere Java coffee and the H. W. S. & Go's No. 7 Cigars, both having a national reputation and a large sale all over the country. The firm also handle full lines of the products of such emi- nent foreign houses as Crosse & Blackwell, and deal largely in French canned and preserved food products, such as peas, mushrooms, capers, sardines, etc. ; also foreign and domestic dried fruits and fancy soaps. Their annual sales reach into the millions, and their goods are standard in all parts of the country. The largest orders are easily filled, and terms and prices are made invariably satisfactory to the trade. The m.embers of this representative firm are Messrs. Howard W. Spurr, Eiwyn L. R. Perry, Albert D. Holmes, Andrew J. Woodward, Henry B. Pierce and William H. Wilson. Mr. Spurr, the honored senior partner, was born in Sandwich, Mass., in 1843, and came to Boston in 1861. His success is " known and read of all men." He is possessed of splendid executive abilities and an intimate knowledge of the grocery busi- ness, while he is an indefatigable worker, and is universally popular in trade circles. Mr. Perry is a native Bostonian, and was connected for some years with Wadley, Spurr & Co. Mr. Woodward was formerly connected with the house of Pierce, Dana & Co., and is an expert buyer and salesman of some twenty-five years' experience. Mr. Pierce is a native of Lebanon, Me., and has resided in Boston since the age of twenty, and achieved a high reputation as a merchant of ability. Mr. Holmes has charge of the financial department, while Mr. Wilson has the managment of the bureau of credits, each combining his vigor and energy with the other partners to form a firm of commanding influ- ence, wide popularity and solid worth. |EE & SHEPARD, Publishers, No. 10 Milk Street.— The imprint of Lee & Shepard has become as familiar to the read- ing public of this country as that of any publishing house extant. Since 1862. this firm have been an important and growing factor in the literary world, and its bulletin of new books is eagerly welcomed and carefully scanned as furnishing wholesome, entertaining reading for both old and young. Their establishment is always a pleasant place to shop, and under the auspices of this firm some of the most popular writers of the present day have received their first start in authorship. Here men conspicuous in literature, and of wide fame in the world of American letters, are wont to gather for the interchange of good fellowship and art. From its literary attractiveness, the store at No. 10 Milk Street, next to the Old South Church, is a place of special interest to strangers, as well as all lovers of good reading in Boston and vicinity To drop into Lee & Shepard's for a glimpse of the last new book or magazine is with the Bostonian a daily duty. The publications of this firm are always in great demand, and its name is in itself a guarantee of good faith, a high standard of literature, and fair and honox-able dealing; while, outside of their own publications, Messrs. Lee & Shepard now confine themselves to handling the published works of Harper & Brothers and S. C. Griggs & Co., for which firms they are sole agents in New England. Dealers are supplied with the latest novels, and all standard works of the most salable character at the lowest prices. Messrs. Lee & Shepard are the sole pub- lishers of some two thousand volumes, and are specially prominent as publishers of juvenile works, school and text books, and novels by the best authors. Their latest announcements include speeches and lectures of Wendell Phillips, life and works of Horace Mann, the works of Charles Sumner and the latest productions from the pens of Oliver Optic, J. T. Trowbridge, Sophie May, and others. Their trade list embraces the works of Petroleum V. Nasby, Amanda M. Douglas, Elijah Kellogg, Rev. Robert Collyer, Rev. Dr. Townsend, G. M. Baker, Cora Linn Daniels, Max Adler, Hans Christian Andersen, Mary A. Denison, P. C. Headley, T. W. Higginson, Prof. King, Baron Niles Posse, Dr. Blaisdall, Harriett Prescott Spofford, George M. Fowle. Miss V. F. Townsend, as well as all the standard works of prose and poetry. The firm are also making a notable specialty of fine art publications, which are having a wide sale. Mr. Charles A. B. Shepard, the junior member of the firm, died in January. 1889, after a long and honorably successful career, and his interest is still continued in the business by his estate. Mr. William Lee, the honored head of the house, has been connected with the book business for a period of fifty-four years, starting as a clerk for S. G. Drake, the antique book-seller. In 1846 he was admitted as a member of the firm of Phillips, Sampson & Co., from which he retired in 1857, although remaining financially interested in the house. While taking a trip abroad the firm failed, involving a loss of one-fourth of his capital. In the great fire of 1872, the firm lost $150,000 worth of plates, besides much other valuable property. Mr. Lee is still active in promoting the business and literary interests of his house, surrounded by a corps of trusted assistants, and is honored and esteemed in both literary, social and business circles; is a member of the Algonquin and Art Clubs of this citj^, and of the Aldine of New York. RICHARD T. SULLIVAN, Manufacturer of Wool Extracts in All Grades and Colors, Etc., No. 155 Federal Street.—The production of wool, its preparation for the market and the general trade carried on in this commodity makes the wool industry one of the most important branches of commerce in the United States, and a source of much finan- cial value, as well as a heavy producer of revenue. The manufacture of wool extracts is, therefore, elevated to a plane of the utmost significance. A leading house in Boston engaged in this particular branch of the wool industry is that of Mr. Richard T. Sullivan, located at No. 155 Federal Street, with mills at Newton Lower Falls. This busi- ness was established by Mr. Sullivan in 1873, and the house has ever since been one of the representative industrial institutions of Massachusetts. Mr. SuUivan manufactures wool extracts in all grades and colors; also extracted rags in assorted grades, in colors, or ready for coloring. His mills are equipped with seven Garnett machines, sixty inches each; fifteen double cards, sixty inches each; five pickers, three water wheels and two steam engines of 125 horse-power, and steady employment is given to over seventy-five skilled hands. Fifty grades of wool extracts are here turned out and woolen and shoddy manufacturers throughout the country are supplied in quantities to suit at the shortest possible notice and at terms and prices which defy successful competition. The mills have been running steadily, except delays for repairs, since their establishment. The policy upon which the business is conducted is characterized by liberality, integrity and the careful fostering of the interests of all patrons. Samples are sent by mail and all transactions are placed upon a sub- stantial and satisfactory basis. Mr. Sullivan is a native Bostonian. in the prime of life, thoroughly conversant with the requirements of manufacturers of woolen goods, and eminently successful and popu lar in meeting every demand of the trade. He has been ably assisted by his efficient partner, Mr. Charles L. Hosmer, and by Mr. Arthur 6. Hosmer, as agent. Mr. Wm. 0. Fitzgerald is traveling salesman. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. F. SMITH & BRO., Driven Wells, No. 38 Oliver Street.— From ahygienic point of view nothing can be of more impoi'tance than an ample supply of pure water; and experience shows that there is no better way to secure this desideratum than by means of Artesian or driven wells. The first so-called driven wells were driven in 18(J1, and since then many hundreds of thousandy have been jnut down all over the world ; very few ai-e now made as they were in the earlier period ; Che process of sinking them * has been much improved upon. Artesian wells were put down long before wrought iron pipe was invented. A very prom- inent concern engaged in the sinking of wells of this description is that of Messrs. B. F. Smith & Bro., No. 38 Oliver Street. They liave ample facilities for the execution of contracts in this line by hand or steam power and are prepared to give particular attention to large operations, such as the water supply of cities, towns and villages; a number of which are adopting this system of obtaining water with very satisfactory results, both as to quality and quantity. The water thus obtained is entirely free fron\ surface drainage or vegetable matter which is so often found in surface supphesand is so injurious to liealth. Mr. B. F. Smith is the inventor of the " sand and vacuum chamber," for use on driven wells— a most valuable device covered by several patents. These chambers are made both upright and horizontal and are warranted to stop the influx of sand. Thousands of the wells constructed by this firm are in use for domestic and farm purposes; by manu- facturers who use large quantities of water and find these the most economical mode of supply; also in breweries, tanneries, gas works, cream- eries, dairies, for ice machines, and wherever large quantities of cold water are required. We understand that the saving in water and ice bills of several large concerns ni and around Boston, for whom B. F. Smith & Bro. have driven or drilled wells, will run from three to thirty dollars a day. The firm also make soundings for building and bridge foundations, and other opei-ations in which it is necessary to ascertain the nature of the soil. This business was established by the Messrs. Smith some fifteen years ago. Both gentlemen have been residents of Boston many years. Their business is extensive, especially in New Kngland. BoTLSTON Street and Copley Sqi are 1889 ^CiATTERY & D'ARCT, Wholesale Lumber Dealers. Nos. l.'S and 16 Charlestown Street and Nos. 64 and 60 Endicott Street.— Messrs. Slattery & D'Arcy, wholesale dealers in doors, sashes, blinds and lumber, located at Nos. 15 and 16 Charlestown Street and Nos. 64 and 66 Endicott Street, are one of the few firms in the trade which are conducted under a management whose policy is a successful combination of all the sterling principles of old-time trading with a strong progressive tendency and enterprise, so essential to success nowadays. As lumber dealers, the firm are at any moment prepared to furnish car lots of doors, sashes, blinds and glass, glazed windows, door and window frames, moldings and brackets, inside finish, spruce frames, hemlock and spruce boards, shingles, laths or clapboards; a leading specialty being made of inside finish box window frames and spruce framing. The undertaking was initiated over forty years ago by Augustus Hardy, succeeded by Messrs. Hardy, Dyer & Co , and they in 1882 by Messrs. Slattery, Hardy & Co., in which the present senior partner, Mr. J. F. Slattery, was a member, and in January, 1889, Mr. D'Arcy purchased Hardy & Co.'s interest, when the present co-partnership was formed under the now existing firm name. The immense business now at the command of the house reaches to all the chief commercial centers throughout the Union, among the most representative consumers, who are all unanimous in according the firm their unlimited confidence and enduring support and regard it as the best and safest medium for the procuring of their heavy consignments. The premises at the location indicated, consist of a spacious building 330 feet long, containingsix floors and running back to Nos. 64 and 66 Endicott Street, and divided into departments, as salesroom, store, warehouse and office, the exigencies of the business necessitating the regular employment of twenty duly qualified assistants. Need- less to say, a very large and comprehensive stock is always carried, of the best quality as to make and material that the market affords; and at such prices as command quick and ready sales. Both Mr. Slattery and Mr. D'Arcy are of American birth and are now of the ages of forty-five and thirty-six years respectively. 144 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ^ RIGHT, BROWN & CROSSLEY, (Successors to Wright & Brown,) Solicitors of American and Foreign Patents, Exchange Building, No.' 53 State Street.— The American brain is exceptionally an inventive one, and, as the years roll by, the army of inventors, as duly recognized by the issue of patents to secure to them the fruits of their genius and labor, f^ is rapidly enlarging. To the unaided applicant, ignorant alike of the patent laws and their requirements, the diffi- culties and delays inherent to securing a patent are almost insurmountable without the assistance of experienced sohcitors. The firm of 3Iessrs. Wright, Brown &. Crossley, of this city, offer the best possible facilities to all desir- ing to procure strong and vahd letters patent, or requiring any investigations in connection therewith. It is a noteworthy fact that by prompt and constant attention to pending cases a larger proportion of applications have been brought to a speedy and successful issue through the agency of this firm than by any other doing business in Boston. Their offices are eligibly located in the new Exchange Building, No. 53 State Street, with a branch office in Atlantic Building, F Street, Washington, D. C. The business was originally estabhshed in 1866 by Hon. Carroll D. Wright, and the following year Mr. Charles F. Brown, a native of Maine and a well-known mechanical expert and highly skilled draftsman, was admitted to partnership. Mr. Wright, who is now United States Commissioner of Labor, retired fr-om active practice in 1878, and Mr. Brown continued the business without change in the firm name until November, 1885; when the present firm was organized by the admission to partnership of Mr. Arthur W. Crossley, late examiner in the United States Patent Office. This firm have at their command the best of connections and facilities for the securing of patents, both American and foreign, having an Intimate acquaintance with and access to all the official records, assignments, extensions, models and drawings pertaining to patents in every counti-y, and are thus prepared to conduct any important and difficult case. Inventoi's can always obtain free advice from this firm in regard to the patent ability of any device, and, by placing the main points of their invention clearly before them by letter, can expect a prompt answer, often by return mail. They pronlptly transact every description of patent office work, including the filing of applications for letters-patent, trade marks, design patents, reissues and copyrights; the prosecution of appeals, renewal of forfeited applications, investigation of infringe- ments, the contesting of interferences, and acting as experts before the courts. They have correspondents in all patent-granting countries, and their patronage is especially large and influential among the manufacturers of New England, New York and Pennsylvania. Their cli- ents include such well-known houses as the American Waltham Watch Company, the National Tube Works Company, the E. Howard Watch and Clock Company, the Jones & Lamson Machine Company, the Laconia Car Company, the American Twist Drill Company, the Sanford Mills, the Smith & Anthony Stove Company, Blessrs. Robbins & Appleton, The Electric Boot and Shoe Finishing Company, Lamoille Manu- facturing Company and many others. All clients can depend upon receiving prompt and satisfactory service from Messrs. Wright, Brown & Crossley, and at rates remarkably low in comparison with the inducements and complete facilities they offer. Their office in Washington is equipped with a highly skilled corps of assistants, and both members of the firm frequently go to the national capital to give personal atten- tion to their business before the United States Patent Office. Mr. Brown has an academic education, besides being a graduate of schools of ' special training in which he fully fitted himself for his present profession. Mr. Crossley is also possessed of an academic education, and is a graduate of the National University Law School, of Washington, D. C, having received his diploma from the hands of Ex-President Hayes, who was ex-officio Chancellor of the University when Mr. Crossley graduated. During his long term of service in the United States Patent Office, he organized the present Issue Division of that bureau, and was for a number of years its head, when he entered the examining corps and remained there until he resigned to join his present firm. |DWIN S. HEILBRUN, Doussan French Perfumery Company, New Orleans, La., Commission Merchant, New York and New England Agent Nos. 116 and 126 Bedford and 24 Kingston Streets, Room No. 311.— Many obtain a superficial view of the town or place they happen to be visiting. Some who have heard of Grasse, in the department of Var, France, imagine from the size and the number of inhabitants that this town is of little importance but, w^hoever the tourist might be who is so impressed, he lives in a "Fool's Paradise, "—the opposite contrast of ]ust what the natives of this town are enjoying, for it is not an exagger- ation of speech to say it is a veritable Elysium. The natives ai'e glad, not for lack of courtesy, if strangers do not visit them for fear that they might steal their thunder in the form of their hvelihood by obtaining secrets regarding the manufacture of perfumes. Royalty, on account of the class prejudice that rears itself like the wall of China against all commercial pursuits, are always gladly received. Queen Victoria finds unspeakable pleasure in visiting Grasse, from its unique business industry as well as the beauties of bountiful nature, who has clothed this town with many rare charms of natural scenery that few places can boast of. It is situated on the southeastern slope of a hill and, although the country is rugged and the streets very steep, yet its beautiful villas and exquisite grounds would be a worthy subject of the greatest landscape painter to adorn his canvas, and for this reason we will not go into further rhapsody as we reahze such an able subject is receiving such poor treatment. A single fact is worth a ship-load of arguments, especially so when it is likely to become historical. For this reason we would mention to our readers that about sixty-five yeai'S ago a gentleman by the name of Auguste Doussan was born. In this cradle that held him, there seems as if two lives were born,— one art and the other a practical business man, — the art representing the profound knowledge that Mr. Doussan has of the perfumery business and the other the Napoleonic insight in realizing that among its other vast indus- tries the United States was lacking in the perfumery enterprise. When Mr. Auguste Doussan had obtained his full bearings he saw no reason why one would not be able to manufacture perfumes in this country as well as elsewhere, and, like the Arab, who silently closed his tent and stole away, he at last pitched his tent in one of the largest perfumery establishments of the w^orld, in New Orleans, La., where the amicable climate permitted of the same liberties in manipulating perfumes as in France. Mr. C- K. Hall, the liberal and efficient president of this company, with ample means at his command and the astute and judicious manner of the distribution of the same, will speak volumes in the way of the daintiness of their package and everything to make the perfumery business conducted by this firm acceptable and attract- ive. The reason perfumes have become an important auxiliary in our present advanced and refined taste, even to those who are far from being sesthetic, is that nature is better portrayed in the art of making perfumes than anything else that can be done in this world. We can gaze on a picture of flowers and admire its beautiful colors and many other attributes that go with the same, but the interior is cold,— the odor is lacking. There is nothing so sensitive as the olfactory organs and for this reason they should never be offended by anything loud, and in consideration of this we would recommend a line of odors that commend themselves for pleasant associations,— of all that is pretty and dainty and never too loud to be vulgar,— the Doussan French perfumes. These odors are like tearing a page out of history, is so true to the flower, and one trial will prove their worth. If you want something lasting they can give you odors that hang like grim death, but the association far pleasanter. Mr. Heilbrun, the manager of their eastern business, under whose direct supervision the Boston office is con- ducted, is a Southerner himself, with all the many attributes that go with the same, believing that patience is a virtue, and one could not make a mistake by applying to him for any information that is desired, and we would commend a visit to this gentleman to meet some of the hospitality that is generally conceded by those who ever come in contact with our Southern brothers. If all the adjectives in the English language were marshaled before one tbey would not qualify the excellences of the Doussan French perfumes and the many charms and merits of their office at No. 116 Bedford Street, Room No. 311. Undoubtedly there is no office within the limits of the United States that surpasses this one with which they have favored Boston. We would commend to ladies buying perfumes to remember that the word Doussan is synonymous with all that is good in the perfumery line. If you want something dainty ask for a dainty odor, or a lasting one can be secured as well, if only stated to the retail druggists, who are the only parties handling these goods in this country. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 145 ■ EW ENGLAND HOUSE, C. W. Parker & Co., Proprs. Corner Blackstone and Clinton Streets.— This house was opened about the year 1836 and since that time has been managed by some of the best hotel men in the country, notably the late Paran Stevens, who left it to take possession of the Revere House; Lambert Maynard, who was its proprietor for twenty- eight years ; Joel Gay, Bell & Bailey, J. T. Wilson, the latter coming into control in 1873, and was succeeded in 1890 by Messrs. C. W. Parker & Co., the present popular proprietors. The New England is emphatically the best two dollar per day house in Boston. It is, unquestionably, the popular favorite with commercial men and is one of the few where business flour- ishes the year around. The building is four stories in height and contains one hundred rooms for guests, all comfortably furnished, well- hghted and airy, while every modern improvement has been introduced, including electric lights, steam heat, annunciators, a fine lunch- room on the ground floor, and a well stocked bar under expert management. The situation is in the center of the grocery and provision dis- trict, near to Quincy and Faneuil Hall markets, within easy reach of depots and steamboat landings, and convenient, alike to the permanent patron, the copimercial tourist and the transient guest. The cuisine of the house is worthy of special commendation, being under the most experienced management and kept up to the highest standard of excellence. The dining-room seats one hundred and fifty persons, and is a favorite resort for many of our merchants and business men, who heartily appreciate its excellent bill of fare. Terms are from two to two dollars and a half per day, on the American plan, and a stay at this hotel is always remembered as a pleasant experience. The proprietors. Messrs. C. W. Parker and F. B. Smith, have been connected with the house some ten or twelve years and are gentlemen in the early prime of life, active, enterprising and painstaking, with a thorough knowledge of the wants of the average guest. Mr, Parker is a native of Massa- chusetts and was chief clerk here during the regime of Mr. Wilson, Mr, Smith is a New Hampshire man by birth, and an accomplished caterer. gOPKINSON & MARDEN, Wholesale Dealers in Wooden, Willow and Tinware, Brooms, Brushes, Mats, Cordage, French, German and American Baskets, Sleds, Wagons, Velocipedes, Clothes Dryers, Wringers, Etc., Nos. 15 and 16 Faneuil Hall Square.— Boston is a most important center for the wholesale wooden-ware trade, and the oldest and best-known house engaged therein is that of Messrs. Hopkinson & Marden, located at Nos. 15 and 16 Faneuil Hall Square. This house was- established in 1843, by Messrs. Dickinson, Lincoln & Co., who wei'e succeeded in 1846 by the firm of Lincoln & Hopkinson, and in 1878 the present firm was organized by Messrs. W. L. Hopkinson and Alvah N, Marden, the senior partner having been in the house since 1867, while Messrs, Prescott, Dickinson and Alex. Lincoln had died in the harness. For many years' the business has. grown rapidly in strength and importance, and a trade has been built up of the highest value, both domestic and export. The premises occupied for trade purposes comprise five floors, 60 x 100 feet each, where is carried one of the largest and finest assortments of wooden, willow and tinware to be found in New England. The firm's stock embraces all standard sizes of tubs, pails and buckets; French, German and American baskets; brooms and brushes, clothes dryers and wringers, sleds, wagons and velocipedes, mats, cordage and other specialties in both wooden-ware, willow and tinware. Contracting direct with many factories for special lines in the largest quantities, and selling extensively to jobbers in New England and to missionaries and other parties in foreign lands, this house positively quotes prices that are not to be duplicated elsewhere. Both as to styles, quality and finish, these goods are unexcelled in this or any other market, and are supplied to the trade in quantities to suit at the shortest possible notice, Mr. Hopkinson is a Massachusetts man by birth, while Mr. Marden is a native of Maine. These gentlemen have ever pursued a policy of equity and honor, and have always accorded a hearty support to all movements calculated to advance the permanent welfare and prosperity of Boston. HE WARREN SOAP MANUFACTURING CO., No, 143 Federal Street.— There are few manufacturing houses engaged in business in the State of Massachusetts or indeed throughout the whole country that can advance so many claims to public confidence as The Warren Soap Manufacturing Company, No. 143 Federal Street. The company, which was incorporated in 1890, under the laws of Massachusetts with a capital of $50,000, is the evolution of an older business carried on under the- name of Henry L, Warren. The character of the business, prior to the house becoming an incorporated company, was the manufacture of bar soap ; it was, however H^ i,„jl nil Srt51 M @ M ll| subsequently changed, the business to-day consisting of the prep- aration of textile soaps, scouring and fulling soaps, chemicals, scourers for woolen, silk and cotton mills, bleachery and dye houses, etc. The concern has extensive mills at Watertown, Mass., the conduct and management of which require the services of thirty employees. The capacity of the factories averages between one and two million pounds of soap per diem and the trade of the house is of so extensive a character as to be limited only by the confines of the Union, comprising transactions with both wholesale and retail houses. The president of the com. pany is Mr. Geo. L, Stevens whose administrative ability is such as to render the control of the immense volume of business fall- ing to his lot by virtue of his office, mere child's-play. Mr. Stevens is a native of Maine but has resided in Boston for a lengthy period. He is a partner in the Woodstock Woolen Co., and a member of the American Magnesium Co., industrial corpo- rations of unquestionable standing, Mr, Albert Warren, a busi- ness man of singular acumen and foresight, ably discharges the onerous duties incidental to the treasurership of the company. This gentleman, though a native of St. Louis, Mo., has been iden- tified with the State of Massachusetts for a long time and he is also actively associated with the American Magnesium Company. The vast amount of clerical work pertaining to the conduct of the business is conducted by Mr. A. H, Groeschner, who is con- nected with both the Woodstock Woolen Co. and the American Magnesium Co. This gentleman is a native of Breslau, Germany, but his interests have long been those of the country of his adop- tion, among the commercial community of which he is well-known and highly respected. The Warren Soap Co., being, as it is theoutcome- of an old, substantial manufacturing house and having for the substructure, upon which are based all its dealings, the vital principle of integrity unqualified, calls naturally for a position of the strongest relief upon the record of our city's progres.s. iilM P ? P S" SR 15 Ri ?r ffl 146 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. jHE NORTON DOOR-CHECK AND SPRING COMPANY, James P. Flynn, President; Charles S. Penliallow, Ti-easiirer, Office, No. 505 Sears Building. — Prominent among tlie manufacturers of specialties peculiar to their respective ehtal)li.•^ll■ ments in Boston should be named the Norton Door-Check and Spring Company, whose offices are located in Sears Building, with a factory at Everett, Mass. This company was incorporated in 1881, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $200,000, for the purpose of introducing and manufacturing the • Norton Door-Check and Spring," the invention of Mr, Louis C. Norton, whose services have been retained by the company as superin- tendent of their works. This device consists of a cyhnder, piston, spring and self-adjusting valve. It is provided with suitable brackets, and is adapted to be attached to the top part of a door and the frame over the door. In it are two great powers, viz: the spring, which is sure to close the door, drawing the hardest when it is nearest closed, and the check, or the cushioning of the piston on air, which brings the door to a stop tor an instant near the jamb, then quietly but surely closing the door and latching it by the operation of the spring, being regulated by the automatic valve, which permits the air to enter the cyhnder freely while opening the door, and while closing exhausts the air more or less, as the force exerted on the door to close it is greater or less. The parts of the device are so arranged together that the greater the force exerted to close the door the greater resistance will be offered ; consequently no slam or jar can occur. Many attempts have been made to effect this purpose by otlier inventors, but the Norton now stands alone, as a proof of the old maxim, "the survival of the littest." It has supplanted all other devices the world over, and is the ne plus ultra for the noiseless and effectual closing of the doors of churches, stores, banks, counting-rooms, school-houses, theaters, hospitals, public halls, railroads, steamboats, hotels and private residences. Over one hundred thousand are now in use, and the demand is practically universal over both continents. The company are now making some 15,000 per year, and are shipping immense quantities to England, France, Germany, Italy, Russia, Spain, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Egypt, Australia, South America, Mexico and other portions of the globe. Three hundred agencies are operated in Europe, and branch offices are established in New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Cincinnati, Baltimore, San Fran- cisco, Washington, Omaha and Charleston, S. C. The officers and directors of the company are as follows: President, James P. Flynn; Treasurer, Charles S. Penhallow; Directors: J. P. Flynn, Col. C. R. Codman, Frank Wood, Russell Gray, Chas. S. Penhallow. These gentle- men are well-known Bostonians, who take a personal interest in the affairs of the company, and are;promoting its success with energy, dis- crimination and sound judgment. iOLMES & BLANCHARD, Mill Furnishers. Etc., No. :37 and 39 Charlestown Street.— The enterprise of Messrs, Holmes & Blauchard, as niilhvrights, machinists, mill furnishers, and manufacturers of machinery, at Nos. 37 and 39 Charlestown Street, has been conducted with such progressive ideas, industry and perseverance as to have led to the acquirement of a high reputation for superiority of product and the establishment of a widespread and influential trade. The foun- dation of the business was laid in 1830, by Chas. W. Brown, who was succeeded by the present firm in 1864, The busi- ness premises comprise an entire six-story building, thoroughly equipped with the best machinery, operated by a steam engine of 80 horse power, and steady emplo.yment is given to from sixty to. one hundred hands. This house has long been headquarters for a great variety of mill supplies, and has steadily maintained the foremost position in the Eastern trade in its specialty of millstones and portable grinding mills, as well as machinery of all kinds for fertilizer makers and for manufacture of chocolate and paints and colors. Their products in this line are widely preferred over all other makes. They manufacture French Burr mill- stones of all sizes, and everything for flour and grist mill, and keep in stock the best Dutch Anker Bolting cloths, portable mill, and all ma- chinery and furnishing of a first-class merchant mill. Among other specialties handled by this firm are the Eureka Smutter, the Eureka Flour Packer, elevator buckets, the Eureka Automatic magnetic separator. Holmes & Blanchard's Improved Warehouse elevator. Holmes' Patent Automatic Hatch Covers, Iron and Burr stone paint mill, special machinery for fertilizer mills, chocolate mills and machinery, drug mills, Fairbanks scales, horse powers and machinery, shafting, hangers and pulleys, mill gearing, wire rope, chain elevators, French burr stone coffee mills, coffee roasters, best oak-tanned leather belting, rubber belting, solid cotton belting, best quality cut lacing, bag holders, etc., etc. The members of this responsible firm, Messrs E. O. Holmes and J. W. Blanchard, are Massachusetts men by birth and training, still in the active prime of life, and expert manufacturers and honorable business men. who have by their energy, skill and enterprise attained a prominence in the business world accorded only to those whose transactions are based on the enduring principles of just and equitable dealing VEV ^^ BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 147 A. WAYNE 6t CO., JCamifacturers' Agents, Nos. 10 and 17 India Street.— The leading manufacturers' agents for the .sale of cmned goods and grocers' sundries iu this city are Messrs. A. A. Wayne & Co., whose warerooms are located at Nos. Hi ind 17 India^Sireet. This firm established their business litre iu iy8(j. and none engaged in this important line of mercantile I tivity m New Englsmd maintain a higher standing in the trade or enjoy a larger measure of recognitio;-,. '.J'.oy occupy \n entn e foui story buildin;^, 35 j: 100 feet in dimensions, and possess every facility for conducting all operations under the m st 1 i\ lable auspices and upon thelai^est scale. They are deservedly prominent in trade circles as New England agents tor the foUoumg well known houses, to wit: Williams & Carleton, ilartford. Conn., root beer extract; D. S. Brown & Co., New York, laundry soap; Globe Pickle Co., St. Louis, pickles; Atlantic Fruit Preserving Co., Boston; Van Camp Padring Co., Indianapolis, Ind., catchup; Cellu- loid Starch Co., New Haven, Conn. ; Glen Cove M'f 'g. Co., toilet soap; H. & Q. A. Uo'vftr, Cincinnati, O., laundry soap; Plymouth Eock Jl'f 'g. Co., mince meat; West I\Ioreland Specialty Co., baking powder, glassware and pudding preparatioii; Fianklin Packing Co., canned vege- tables and fruits; Atlantic Chemical Co., ammonia, etc. ; Lafayette Mineral Spring Co., carbonated waters. The house is conducted on strict business principles and its management is characterized by energy, sagacity and integrity. A corps of talented salesmen refpreseatiiae interests of the house upon the road, and the trade is broadly distributed throughout New England, Canada and the Provinces. The goods invariably prove of the best quality, and are in heavy and influential demand among dealers on account of their great salability and superior merits. Mr. A. A. Wayne, the active member of the firm, is a native of Wisconsin, a resident of Boston for the past twenty -three years, a member of the Wholesale Grocers' Association, and a young man of large business experience, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth. ^HIPMAN ENGINE COMPANY, Patentees and Dealers in Automatic Oil Burning Steam Engines. No. 200 Summer Street.— The steam engine is, in this era, the most perfect piece of mechanism on the face of tlie earth. Some of the con. cerns engaged in this line whose advertisements are sown broadcast have been unable to maintain the market their ambitions would fill. The reason is apparent; when their engines break down, speedily need repairs or prove inadequate to the work demanded of them. There are a few houses here in Boston that have achieved a solid reputation for the superiority of their engines, and fully live up to it. Such a concern is the Shipman Engine Company, patentees and dealers in automatic oil-burning steam engines, at No. 300 Summer Street, whose engines are hourly running to extent of many hundred horse-power in every land on the face of the globe. Founded in 1884, on the substantial basis of skill, energy and integritj^, the business has had a remarkable growth and is one of the best illustrations of industrial progress in the coun- try. The motor is an automatic petroleum-burning steam engine, designed by Mr. A. H. Shipman, the founder of the business, for use either on launches or in houses where a moderate amount of power is required. One of its essential points is that it is automatic, so that when once steam has been generated in the boiler, practically, no further attention is required beyond that of opening and shutting the steam valve whenever the engine is started or stopped, the fire, speed and water feed being arranged as to attend to themselves. The engine is simple or compound, as may be best suited for the work it has to perform; the speed is kept regular by means of a governor, which works directly on the steam valve, and the lubricating of oil journals, cylinders and slides is performed by the ordinary sight-feed lubricators and cups; while the engine is compact, not heavy, and is furnished from one to twenty-two horse power. The automatic action of fuel and water supply and unvarying speed of the Shipman make it the most desirable power for small isolated electric plants on the market, possessing uniformity of speed, a steady steam pressure, and a regular supply and even level of water in boiler, the three most essential points to be con - sidered in an engine and boiler furnishing power for electric lighting. The company furnish either the engine only or entire plant complete, and they now send their products to all parts of the world. Agencies are operated in London, Eng.; Honolulu, Sandwich Islands; No. 114 Liberty Street, New York City; No. 261 Wabash Avenue, Chicago; No. 519 Cherry Street, Philadelphia; No. 405 Market Street, San Francisco. Cal.; No. 811 N. Fourth Street, St. Louis, Mo.; China and Japan Trading Company of New York, for China and Japan; Edwin W. Adams, of New York, for India; W. E. Grace & Co., of New York, for west coast South America; H. W. Peabody, of New York, for Australia: and by experienced parties in Milwaukee, Wis.; Portland. Ore., St. Albans, Vt. ; Cincinnati, C; Cleveland, O. ; Detroit, Mich.; Atlanta, Ga.; Jackson- ville, Fla. ; Springfield, Mass.; Holyoke, Mass.; Omaha, Neb. and Portland, Ore. The factory of the company is located atEochester, N. Y.. where employment is given to some ninety skilled hands. The best of material only is employed, and every part is fashioned and put together with the greatest accuracy and care. Every engine is severely tested before shipment and is guaranteed to give satisfaction, w-hile prices are at bed rock. The company was incorporated in 1884, with a capital of $300,000, and with A. H. Shipman, the inventor of the engine, as president. He died in 1888 and was succeeded by Dana Estes, the head of the well-known publishing house of Estes & Lauriat, of this city. He is assisted in the direction of affairs by Samuel J. Elder, Esq. , a prominent attorney of this cit,y, as treasurer, and Frank F. Proc- tor as manager, who has been with the company since 1885, and is an expert and practical man in this branch of industry. (HE AMEEICAN TOOL AND MACHINE COMPANY, Manufacturers of Turret, Screw Chasing Hand Lathes, Chucks and Slide Eests, No. 84 Kingston Street.— The fame of the American Tool and Machine Company of this city is world wide in extent, and deservedly so, as it has long taken the lead in designing and perfecting machinery for various purposes and of the most impor- tant and valuable character. This company are manufacturers of turret, screw chasing hand lathes, chucks and slide rests, sugar refinery and plantation machinery, brass workers' tools, extractors for woolen mills, valve milling machines, shafting, hangers, pulleys and special machinery of various kinds, with its headquarters at No. 84 Kingston Street. The company was incorporated in 1864. under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, and is ofiHcered as follows, viz,; President and General Manager, Benjamin F. Eadford: Treasurer, William O. Lincoln; directors: B. F. Eadford. William O. Lincoln, George H. Fox, Jacob Thaxter, W. M. Bacon. The president, Mr. Eadford, was made superintendent of the works upon the organization of the company, and to his management is largely due the great success achieved by this house in the industrial world. He became president of the company in 1889, succeeding the late David M. Weston, wlio was the inventor of the present centrifugal machinery for refining sugar; also of Weston's "hydro-extractor," for dryin.g cotton, wool and all kinds of fabrics, for laundry, hotel or factory use. The principal works of the company are located at Hyde Park, Mass. ; where the facilities for rapid and extensive production are unsurpassed, and employment is given at both places to three hundred and fifty hands, mostly skilled workmen. The foundry facilities are perfect and have a large melting capacity, ample steam power and the best machinery are supplied, and quality and accuracy are the fii-st considerations of the management. Mr. Radford exercises personal supervi- sion over the several departments and the greatest skill and soundest judgment are brought to bear to raise the standard, improve the quaUty and enhance the value of the output, at the same time lessening the cost of production. One of the most celebrated products of this company is a " belt-knife " leather-splitting machine, which is in use in most of the largest leather-currying establishments of the United States, Eng- land and other nations of the world. The centrifugal sugar refining machinery, for the manufacture of which this company is so widely noted, practically supplants all similar inventions of the kind wherever introduced and a heavy export trade is enjoyed therein. The com- pany's products are sought for and in use in all parts of the United States and Canada, also in South America, England, France and Cuba, the business of the year 1891 reaching about $635,000 in volume; and the development of its increasing and flourishing trade is the best possible indication of the superiority of its products. President Eadford is a prominent citizen of Hyde Park, and highly esteemed for his inventive genius, mechanical skill and executive abilities. The treasurer, Mr. Lincoln, is a well-known Bostonian, and an efl3cient and accomplished official, while the entire board of directors are gentlemen of business sagacity and high repute. 148 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATUKE. gRANULAR METAL COMPANY, Joel H. Hills, General Agent, L237 Franklin Street.— Of the many highly useful inventions'. recently introduced, there is none that can be said to have supplied such a long-felt want, or more rapidly come to the front as the Patent Journal Bearings, manufactured solely by the Granular Metal Company, whose office and foundry are located at No. 166 Ruggles Street, and general agent's office at 237 Franklin Street. This company was incorporated in 1879, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $150,000, and is officered and managed by J. H. Moulton, president; and. Joel H. Hills, general agent. The company are sole proprietors and manufacturers of the Granular Babbitt Metal for rail- road cars, locomotives, steamships | ' I and machinery bearings, and the special attention of railroad offic ials is called to their patent jour- nal bearings, of which they are the JS^^^. exclusive manufacturers. From numerous testimonials received ^^§ ^^m from practical railroad men, it is shown that they outwear all tMsT « others, both in the bearing parts and more especially in the end >S^^^^^P' wear caused by lateral pressure and motion. These bearings will «.-«J?*is ^: "^' ^^^^ while lubricated; they will not press out; they will not fj^ cut or wear journals; they run cool and smooth, and require less ^«l%^&i^ lubricating than any jom-nal bear- ing on the market. The Granu- ^M^^B^ '^'' ''''''''''''' metal is porous; it absorbs and holds oil; this is the ^^^ra case with no other metal or alloy.. It requires about 300 degrees JmHt higher temperature to melt than Babitt metal. These bearings in MB V repeated competitive tests against other lined bearings have out-worn B Mi them two or three to one. They have greatly out-worn solid brass m U or composition bearings, averag- ing in the same proportion. On ' W W account of its superiority in these Northern, Providence and Wor- ^^^^^ntt«!tirw^R^B|^ oester. Old Colony, Portland and Ogdensburgh, among many oth- .^^^■H^ ^mSP ^^^' '^° "^°^^ ^^° *"' °°' familiar made by this company are man- jjMlf ff'fl fli^h^^^^^BI^^^H^ E^^^^^*^ ' *k >*^M ufaotured with great care and uni- smooth at the start and give no H^H^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Ib^^^^^^^^ trouble in service thereafter. The- Granular Babbit metal has grown ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H^^^^^~~ -^>-^^^ rapidly and steadily in favoi- among users of bearing metals, HHHJI^^^^^^^^I^^^^^H^^^HI^ "^ '^"'^ '^ "°'^ firmly established and recognized as superior to other I^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^B^^H^ ....^ alloys made that purpose. Railroads, machine shops, cotton, ^H^^H^^^^^^|^|^^^^^^^^B^±^^_Zll_^i woolen and paper mills endorse its superiority, and its manufacture ^^^^H|^B^^^^|^^^^^^^|H^|BhB8SSHhH "°^ forms one of the permanent of New England. IH^^BBi^^^^^^HnBHBBiHi^^HHHBHBIHiii^H LiEP Ericsson— Commonwealth Avenue, rjTATE MUTUAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, of Worcester, Mass., E. S. Barker, General Agent, No. 48 Congress Street.— A important duty that every man owes to his family and his own credit is to insure his life in a first-class, responsible com- pany. The investment is an excellent, most commendable one, and the protection it will give to the survivors of the insurant is ample recompeise and comfort for him when living; also the enjoyment of that satisfaction whicli always comes with the knowledge of duty done. No life insurance company extant can show a better history or cleaner record than the State Mutual Life Assurance Company, of Worcester, Mass., which is one of the most reliable and popular insurance companies in the country. This institution was organized forty-five years ago, and duly incorporated under the state laws of Massachusetts, and it has ever sustained a splendid reputation and commanded a steadily growing business. The company's affairs are in a highly flourishing condition. According to the annual report, presented January 1, 1891, the following excellent showing was made: The net ledger assets of the company on the thirty-first of December, 1890, amounted to $6,138,933.68. To this must be added accrued interest and the market value of the stocks and bonds over cost, $357,638.48 mak- ing the total gross assets, $6,396,.5"3.16. The total liabilities, including the legal reserve at four per cent., the Massachusetts standard, are $5,490,314.42, leaving a surplus of $906,357.74. The officers of the company are among the leading, most influential, representative and pubhc-spirited citizens in the state; the list is as follows: A. G. Bullock, president and treasurer; Thomas H. Gage, vice-president; Directors: A. G. Bullock, P. L. Moen, Thomas H. Gage, E. B. Stoddard, T. W. Hammond, S. Salisbury, William E. Starr, Moses WiUiams, Aug. N. Currier, W. H. Jourdan, George F. Hoar, Albert Wood, Henry M. Witter, Thomas L. Nelson, Josiah H. Clarke, Frank A. Gaskill, of Worcester; Charles A. Denny, of Leicester. Medical Directors: Thomas H. Gage, M. D., Albert Wood, M. D. ; Henry M. Witter, secretary; William E. Starr, actuary; J. D. E. Jones, superintendent of agencies. The business of the company extends throughout New England, the Middle and the Western states, and it provides safe insurance at the lowest cost consistent with the greatest security, and upon a purely mutual plan, w^hile all claims that may be presented are promptly and satisfactorily adjusted. The general agent for Boston and vicinity is Mr. E. S. Barker, whose office is situated at No. 42 Congress Street. Mr. Barker has been with this company for six years, has filled his present responsible position for the past three years, and is a thoroughly capable, efficient and first-class business man, fully conversant with all the phases of life insurance, and he enjoys the esteem, regard and good-will of the entire community. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. WIFT & CO., Wholesale Commission Merchants, Agents for Friedman & Swift's Fine Butterine, No. 25 N. Market Street and No. So Chnton Street. — This is a Chicago firm, tiie membei's of which are Messrs. E. C. and G. F. Swift. The branch house in this city was estabhshed in 1889, at No. 25 N. Market Street and No. 35 Clinton Street, under the management of Mr. Benj. A. Plumley. The firm are wholesale commission merchants, and agents for Friedman & Swift's " fine butterine ," the works for the production of which are located in Chicago. The excellence of this article and its immense popularity are shown by the fact that the sales of the Boston house for the year 1890 were over one and one half million pounds to the trade throughout New England. In connection with this specialty the firm also handle poultry, game, eggs and butter. Their store is 25 x 55 feet in dimen- sions, and well fitted up with refrigerators and other conveniences. The number of employes is from four to six. A large stock of mer- chandise is carried at all times, and the annual sales reach a very heavy amount. Mr. Plumley is a gentleman of middle age, and a business man of ability and long experience. iEACH, SHEWELL, & SANBORN, Pubhshers of School and College Text-Books, No. 202 Devonshire Street, Boston, and No. 16 Aster Place, New York.— There is no house in the American publishing trade tliat has achieved a more honorable success than that of Blessrs. Leach, Shewell & Sanborn, the well-known pubhshers of school and college text-books, at No. 202 Devon- shire Street. This old and honored house was founded in 1832, by Robert S. Davis, the present firm succeeding to the control in June, 1883. The firm occupy spacious and commodious premises, and carry one of the finest stocks of educational works in the city. Their series of text-books cover reading, spelling, history, mathematics, physiology, English grammar, Latin and Greek, political science, mental science, scripture studies, etc. The firm exercises the soundest judgment as to the authors of their educational series, and the most learned and able professors and teachers are called upon to write text books on the branches of learning in which they are recognized authorities. Thousands of children have already received their school education through the medium of these series of text books which are justly celebrated and in demand all over the United States. Among the standard works now on the firm's lists we may mention Greenleaf's Arithmetical series,Wells' Geometry,Wells' Algebx'a, Wells' Trigonometry, Parker & Marvel's Readers. Gilbert's Spellers, Elements of Composition and Grammar, Parker's Progressive Exercises in English Composition, Scholars' Gem Book, Daniell's Latin Prose Composition, Lord's Livy, Wiggin's Ovid, Hopkins' Tacitus, Miller's Latin Composition for Colleges, Folsom's Cicero's Orations, Herberman's Sallust, Fisk's Greek Exercises, A Brief Compend of United States History, Our Republic, Rudimentary Psychology, Outhnes of Bible Study, etc. ; while the new books in preparation includes The Students' Series of Latin Classics, The Students' Series of English Classics, etc. The character and magnitude of this firm's business, extending as it does to all parts of the country with branch establishments in New York and Chicago, is at once a benefit to this city, and a lasting source of credit to the management. The members of the firm, Messrs. Orlando Leach, Thomas R. Shewell, and Benj. H. Sanborn, are men connected with this house for many years, and of the highest repute and standing in the educational and business world. RHODES, RIPLEY & CO. Wholesale Clothiers, No. 99 Summer Street.— The firm of Rhodes, Ripley & Co., at No. 99 Sum- mer Street, carry on a great business as manufacturers and jobbers of clothing, and theirs is the second oldest house in the trade in Boston. It was founded in 1848, by Messrs. Fearing & Whitney, and subsequent changes in the firm name occurred as follows, viz.: 1856, Fearing, Whitney & Co., and Fearing. Rhodes & Ripley; 1858, Rhodes & Ripley; 18T0, Rhodes, Ripley & Co. The firm were burned out in the great fire of 1873, when they opened on Washington Street, where they again suffered a heavy loss by the Globe Theater fire in May, 1873. Their present premises were mater- ially enlarged in 1889, to meet the demands of their growing business, and now comprise four floors, containing 6,000 square feet each. In respect of operations in strictly fine goods, this firm is not surpassed by any other in America. The great Scotch mills on the Tweed and Yarrow, the Dee and the Don, and the equally celebi'ated looms in the west of England and in France and Gtermany contribute their standard coatings and suitings; while the best home mills are called upon for their leading specialties. More people wear ready-made goods than formerly in proportion of ten to one. and they dress better, too, in proportion simply as they take pains in finding the best shops. It is only a matter of a little discernment and discrimination. A house like Rhodes, Ripley & Co. keeps the standard advanced so high that all trade novelties and betterments gravitate naturally to its quarters in search of recognition and illustra- tion. Its reputation gives immediate character and circulation to meritorious devices in loom-work. Its goods are widely preferred by dealers on account of their great salability and solid merits, and are in heavy and increasing demand by leading retailers in Boston, Worces- ter, Lowell, Springfield, Cambridge, Fall River, Lawrence, Lynn, New Bedford, Somerville, Holyoke, Chelsea, Taunton, Gloucester, Haver- hill, Newton, Fitchburg, Northampton, Waltham, Maiden and other Massachusetts towns; also, in Providence and Newport, Rhode Island; Hartford and New Haven, Conn. ; Portland and Lewiston, Me. ; Manchester and Concord, N. H. ; Burlington and Rutland, Vt. ; Buffalo and Rochester, N. Y. ; Newark and Trenton, N. J. ; Pittsburg and Reading, Pa. ; Wilmington and Dover, Del. ; Baltimore and Annapolis, Md. ; Wheeling and Charleston, W. Va.; Cincinnati and Cleveland, Ohio; Indianapolis and Fort Wayne, Ind. ; Detroit and Grand Rapids, Mich. ; Springfield and Peoria, III. ; Milwaukee and Madison, Wis. ; and other leading centers east of the Mississippi. A corps of nine talented sales- men represent the interests of the house upon the road, and all orders receive immediate and careful attention. The goods comprise both high and medium grades, and the wants of all classes of buyers are met as regards both quality and price. The members of this representa- tive firm are Messrs. A. H. Rhodes, E. L. Ripley, D. Tucker, J. J. Allen and R. K. Clarke. Messrs. Rhodes and Ripley have been partners in the house since January, 1856; Mr. Allen came in in 1881, Mr. Clarke in 1886, and Mr. Tucker in 1887. All are well-known Bostonians, mem- bers of the Boston Merchants Association, and recognized as conservators of correct business principles, with a widespread reputation for producing the best clothing at prices proportioned to intrinsic values, and therefore upon a scale fairly adjusted between buyer and seller. Their prospects for a great business, bounded by no local fines, were never fairer than they are to-day. N. PROCTOR & CO., Custom House Brokers, Lower Rotunda Custom House, and Nos. 2 and 3 India Street.— Among the comparatively young, but enterprising and successful business houses of Boston is that of Messrs. W. N. Proctor & Co., cus- tom house brokers, forwarding and railroad agents and notaries public. Their location is at Nos. 2 and 3 India Street, Lower Rotunda, Custom House, and immediately opposite the main entrance to the custom house. They transact all matters per- ' taiuing to custom house work; enter and clear merchandise and vessels, and have correspondents and make entries in New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore. Chicago, and Portland. They atiend to all business of this character for a number of prom- inent and influential concerns, and enjoy an excellent reputation for ability, integrity, promptness, and the care with which all orders are executed. The firm have the bonded foreign freight agency for the New York and New England Railroad Co. and connections, and are agents for Messrs. Wm. W. Thomas & Co., brokers of New York. The sole and only member of the firm, which was oi'ganized December 1, 1889, is Mr. Wallace N. Proctor, a young man and native of Boston. Mr. Proctor was formerly with Messrs. Stone & Downer, brokers on ;; State Street, and for several years received his experience while with them. 150 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. aE SMITH PREMIER TYPEWRITER COMPANY, E. F. Jones, New England Manager, No. 25 School Street.— In the whole his- tory of modern inventions there has been introduced no more useful or ingenious device than the writing machine. Like all other great labor saving devices, notable improvement has also been effected in the typewriter since its first appearance in the domain of utility until a high degree of perfection has been attained therein. But while it is worthy of note that nearly all the apparatus of the character indicated now on the market possess unequivocal features of merit to recommend them to public favor, it is equally a fact that for general excellence none yet introduced to public notice can compare with the deservedly popular Smith Premier Typewriter, manufactured by the Smith Premier Typewriter Co., at Syracuse, N. Y., and for which Mr. E. F. Jones is manager for New England, with headquarters at No. 25 School Street. This company was organized in 1887, for the purpose oi' intrtiducing their machine to the public, and have met with an instant and unprecedented success. Over 13,000 of these writing machines are now in use, and the demand for them is rapidly in" ^ — "" \ CJ-easing in all parts of the world. The Boston office was opened May 8, 1891, Y __— — ^^ ^^**^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ machines, furniture and supplies, and is doing a brisk trade \c'''''^^"^I-^^^^^^^^'^'^'><^ throughout New England. The Smith Premier is unequaled in all essentials of a U^^ "^"'^'^j'^ g^^\ perfect writing machine. Speed, ease of operation, permanent alignment, and dur- -sc--;^w^ j.i*-»*St^ilp^^'^^^^^^*fc\ ability are the special characteristics for which it is noted, making it the ne plus ^^^^^j@B^^^^^^iii^^gg;J^^^ ultra of writing machines. It combines all the best features of the various styles ^ ^^^ ^sS ^^^'^^ ^^^^^^^Cf \ of typewriters, and has several distinctly meritorious features which none others ilwSHB^m^HinmliBi^ 1 ^ ^^^ ^^^ claim to. The Smith Premier Typewriter is built upon an idea. That ^fSB^8lifflinlMHmlm^P--i.i^J'^ ^^^^ ^® ^^^^^ ^" ^^^ ^^^^ °^ mechanical working long experience develops oppor- J^^Bwy^^^ffi^^^^^^gS^. tunities for improvement. The type- writer long since passed its experimental ^^^^^^^^^^HnB^H|BfcN^^^^^E^ stage, and is now a widely recognized necessity. For more than a decade the ^^ffl^SliSESnl^^^^^^^^^^^^^ various styles of machines have demon- strated their strong and weak points. ^^^PPJjfi jUJUflj^g Jjj^j^^^^^^^^^ "] The strong points have been so strong that very many weak points have been ^^nW^^gjWB^^^^^^^I^^^Sg?'^ J' overlooked. Yet they exist, and it is apparent to any careful observer that there "^^^^^iSf^^^^^^S^^^ ^-"-■''^ "^ ^^^^^ loiig been a genuine want for a type- writer which should be, first of all, simple; n i^S^^^^"" ..--'"'''"'"'^ that will hold its ahgnment and need no expert repairs; that is thoroughly durable, ^^^Sr-''''^ yet light and reasonably portable; mani- folds well, and has a much softer, quicker and more noiseless action. The inventor of the Smith Premier Typewriter, more than any othei one man is the pioneei in the mtroduction of these improvements. Having become thoroughly conversant with the needs of the public, he has invented a typewriter which, in respect to all these points of substantial utility, is a long and comprehensive stride ahead of all its predecessors. This is the machine which Mr. Jones is introducing to the pubhc of New England to-day. It is constructed on new and scientific principles, from the best available material, by expert workmen, and every one sold is warranted to give perfect satisfaction. Prospective purchasers will save money and obtain better service through this enterprising company than by patronizing any other in the United States. L. MUDGETT, Bananas, No. 110 Clinton Street. — To say that the trade in bananas constitutes a substantial factor in the sum, of commercial activity in our great cities hardly conveys an idea of the extent of this particular interest. The quantities dis- posed of annually here in Boston reach enormous proportions, and the volume of business grows steadily apace. Notable among the leading handlers of the product indicated in this city is H. L. Mudgett, of No. 110 Clinton Street, whose yearly !! * sales average over one hundred and fifty thousand bunches. He makes a specialty of ripe bananas, receiving supplies from the Boston Fruit Co., also Seaverns & Co., Banes fruits of Cuba, and ships all over the Eastern states and British Provinces. Mr. Mudgett, who is a jobbing merchant and wholesale dealer, has been established since 1877, and his business career during the entire period since intervening has been an unbroken record of progress. The quarters occupied as office and stall are commodious, ample and well appointed, and fifteen in help are employed. A large and choice stock is constantly kept on hand in season, and all orders are carefully and promptly filled, while the very lowest possible prices are quoted, and relations once formed with this responsible house are certain of leading to an enduring business connection. BIr. Mudgett, who is a gentleman of middle age, was born in Maine, and has been in this city some twenty years or more. He is a man of energy and enterprise, and thoroughly conversant with the trade, and is a well known member of the Fruit and Produce Exchange and Chamber of Commerce. JOHN CARTER & CO., Wholesale Paper Dealers, Nos. 168 and 170 Congress Street.— This firm are extensive wholesale paper dealers and are especially prominent iu the trade as agents for Byron Weston's ledger papers, the Gladstone linen ledger papers, Crane's papers, " Old Suffolk '' flat papers; also, bankers' linen, book and newspapers, cardboard, etc. The business was established in 1878, by Mr. John Carter, who had been a member of the firms of Carter Bros., Carter Bros. & Co., Carter, Pulsifer & Co,, and Carter, Pulsifer & Jordan, and who possesses a foundation understanding of all the details of the paper business and the requirements of the trade. Under his expert and popular management the house has gained a position of prominence iu the business and enjoys a large, first-class and influential trade throughout New England and New York. The building occu- pied for trade purposes contains five floors and a basement, 20 x 120 feet each, the internal arrangement of which is admirable for the recep- tion of the immense stock carried, which embraces all those specialties usually handled by a house of this kind, in addition to the special goods named above. The assortments comprehend everything that can be called for. This, in conjunction with the low prices which inva- riably prevail, makes the house a most desirable one with which to form enduring business relations. The extensive demand coming from all parts of New England and New York, is promptly and satisfactorily met, and the exigencies of the business require the constant services of forty skilled hands. Mr. Carter is a native Bostonian and has been engaged 'in the paper trade here for upwards of thirty years. His career has been in every way creditable to his abihty and business probity and his success and prosperity have been honestly won. jENRY T. SPEAR & SON, Wholesale Dealers in American Watches, Silver Plated Ware and Jeweli-y, No. 370 Washington Street.— The well known house of Messrs. Henry T. Spear & Son, wholesale dealers in American watches, silver plated ware and jewelry, has been established since the year 1856, by Henry T. Spear, who allied himself with his son, Daniel B. Spear, (the existing firm name being the result) in 1861. In 188G Mr. H. T. Spear died, leaving his partner in control jointly with Mr. Austin T. Sylvester, who has been in the house over twenty years. The connection of the house is located throup;hout the New England section, and is visited periodically by the two able drummers employed by the house. The business is purely wholesale in character and comprises transactions in a most comprehensive miscellany of articles. The premises occupied are well located and consist of three well equipped floors, each covering an area of 2,500 feet. Mr. Spear is a native of Boston, while his esteemed partner is claimed by Scituate, Mass. Both are sound, courteous and upright business men. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 151 jEORGE H. MASON & CO., Lanterns, Tinware, Etc., Nos. 150, 162, 154 Blackstone Street.— Well in the front ranks as manu- facturers of railroad, ship and street lanterns, Messrs. George H. Mason & Co. also occupy a standing of great eminence as large producers of japanned, planished, stamped and plain tinwares, as dealers in house-furnishing hardware, ice cream freezers, etc., the house acknowledges few rivals, and concedes superiority to none. To this commanding position the firm has won its way step by step during a lengthy career of progressive trading, it having; been founded by Mr. George H. Mason on Washington Street in 1855, and removed by him to his present location one year later, continuing under his able direction until shortly before his death, and passing into the hands of his widow on the occurrence of that event, in 1886. Mr. C. F. Crane, who had been twenty two years with the house, being retained as its manager. The premises, which are Nos. 150, IhZ and 154 Blackstone Street, consist of a four-story building with a frontage of 150 feet and a depth of 50 feet, the ground floor being utilized as a store and the upper floors for a fac- tory. In the former a very fine stock is carried, which embraces, in addition to a complete display of the tinware, etc., of the firm's own manufacture, a full line of general hardware, a large and m iscellaneous stock of house furnishing hardware and a choice selection of Rodger's silver plate cutlery and steel cutlery of every description, the wholesale and retail trade which the establishment commands, being by no means confined, in the former branch, to the New England States, but including also the Middle States, the West and Canada; the services of com- mercial travelers being regularly devoted to the West. In the perfectly equipped factory forty skilled hands find employment in the manu- facture of all kinds of tinware and of lanterns, the supplying of ships, especially in the way of lamps, being a great specialty of the firm. Mr. C. F. Crane, who is a native of Massachusetts, is a young man of great administrative capacity and is worthily sustaining the high reputation of the house. IHE W.4.INWRIGHT M'F'G. COMPANY of Mass., Heaters, Condensers' Expansion Joints, Corrugated Tubing, No, 8 Oliver Street.— This company enjoy a world-wide reputation as makers of the improved corrugated copper tube, feed- water heaters and surface condensers; also, corrugated tubing, expansion joints. Harvard pump regulators and steam specialties. The business was originally established in 1886, by the Wainwright Manufacturing Company, and in May, 1889, the present company succeeded to the control and was incorporated under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of S100,000, and is officered as follows, viz.: Jere. Abbott, president; John A. Lor- ing, vice-president; Geo. D. Hall, Jr., manager; Powell Macy, treasurer and Bicknell Hall, consulting engineer. The works of the company are situated at Taunton, Mass., and are among the most complete of their kind in the world, being equipped with the best modern machinery and appliances for facilitating rapid and perfect production, and give steady employment to a large force of skilled and expert workmen. The output is one of great magnitude and importance, and is in extensive and permanent demand in all parts of the civilized world. Corrugated tubing, as applied to feed-water heaters, condensers, etc., has many special advan- tages over the plain tubing. The difBculty of making a tight joint with rigidly connected plain tubes, owing to the expansion and contrac- tion caused by alternate heat or cold, is entirely obviated by the use of the corrugated tubes, which, by virtue of their corrugation, have a longitudinal flexibility which allows solid joints to be made at the ends with no danger of their starting. The corrugated tube, on account of the form given it by the spiral corrugation, is vastly stronger both to resist internal and external pressures than the plain tube, and there- fore a thinner tube may be used, allowing the heat to be transmitted with greater rapidity than through the heavier tube. The heating surface of the tube is also increased by the corrugations. Water and steam cannot pass through a corrugated tube in a solid body, as would be the case with a plain tube, but, on account of the corrugations, is forced to take a partly spiral course through the tubes, thus allowing all portions of the water or steam to come in contact with the walls of the tube, and thereby enabUng a more complete transfer of heat to take place. The most difficult problem in the fitting of steam and water pipes is overcome by the use of the corrugated tubes manufactured by this company. They use these tubes in all their heaters, and all their heaters and condensers are sold with a ten years' guarantee. Among well-known users of their heaters may be named the Marr Construction Co., N. E. Shoe and Leather Building, and the Geo. Upton Glue Co., Boston; Waltham Gas Co., Boston M'f'g. Co.. Waltham Mass.; Knowles Loom Co., Worcester, Mass.; Kress Brewery Co., N. Y. Safety Steam Power Co., Otis Brothers, Zaragoza Mining Co., Rosendale Belting Co., New York City; Waterbury Clock Co., Waterbury, Conn.; Rumford Chemical Works, Providence, R. I.; Kimball Organ Co., Western Wheel Co., North American Packing Co., Chicago, 111. ; among many others. Their Improved Corrugated Tube Condenser, water tube heaters, "Standard" expansion joints, special expansion joints. Harvard pump regulator, and corrugated copper gaskets for lip unions, flange unions, plain and ball joints; connecting steam, air, gas or water pipes, for cylinder heads, steam chests, etc. ; and all other specialties made by this company are recognized as the acme of per- fection in practical utility, thorough workmanship and reliability, and are constmoted with due regard to the particular uses to which they are applied. Orders by telephone No. ia5.3, by telegraph or mail to the Boston office, receive immediate and careful attention; while branch ofiSces are operated at Nos. 121 Liberty Street, New York; 36 W. Randolph Street, Chicago, 111.; 24 S. Seventh Street. Philadelphia, Pa.; and at St. Paul, Minn., Omaha, Neb., St. Louis, Mo., and Denver, Col. A flue growing export trade is supplied from the New York house, and the wants of both dealers and consumers are met promptly in all parts of the world. r|TANDARD WIRE MATTRESS COMPANY, Manufacturers of Woven Wire Mattresses of Every Grade and Description, Spring Beds, Wire Cots, Etc., E. L. Fuller, Manager, No. 03 Charlestown Street.— The attention that has been directed of late years to the production of mattresses and bedding in this country has developed the fact that American skill and enterprise are quite as successful in this branch of industry as they have proved in many others. Of the marked improvement made in this department of industrial activity, no more convincing proof is to be found in the city of Boston than that furnished by the Standard Wire Mattress Company, whose establishment is located at No. 63 Charlestown Street. This com- pany are manufacturers of woven wire mattresses, spring beds, cots, etc., and dealers in bedding, mantel and cabinet folding beds, etc. The business was established in 1887, by Blessrs. G. W. Brown & Co., who were succeeded by the present company in 1891. The premises occupied for manufacturing and trade purposes are thoroughly spacious and finely equipped, and every modern facil- ity is at hand for insuring rapid and perfect production and the prompt and satisfactory fulfillment of all orders. The methods of manufacture in vogue are of the most enterprising and progressive character, resulting in the production of a class of special- ties that are rarely equaled and not excelled for practical utility, comfort and durabilty. The Imperial Spring, made by this company, has an extra corded fancy split weave fabric, and is a very popular bed ; the Bristol is a fine coil split weave spring, and an extra well-made bed; while the Standard No. 1 has no equal for durability. Their folding spring is the cheapest bed in the market, material and merit considered. Their Saratoga Three Row is the best slat spring bed extant. This company manufacture the largest and most complete line of woven wire, canvas, upholstered and slat cots to be found in the market. The house bears the marks of enterprising and judicious management, and exercises an influence that extends far beyond the limits of this city, its trade being broadly distributed throughout New England and steadily increasing in volume and importance. Orders by telephone. No. 22.54, by telegraph or mail receive immediate and careful attention, and the wants of the trade are ministered to with eminent success and satisfaction in all cases. Mr. E. L Fuller, the manager, is a Massachusetts man by birth and training, in the active prime of hfe, expert and practical as a manufacturer, and deservedly popular with the trade. 152 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE. COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. |OHN W. BAKER, Stock Broker, No. 53 State Street.— Although only established in business on his own account for a few- months, Mr. John W. Bilker, Stock Broker, of No. 53 State Street, Room No. 533, has succeeded in securing a very liberal meas. , ure of support from a large section of the better class of investors and operators in and around Boston owing to his ability to invariably give unqualified satisfaction in all commissions intrusted to his care. Mr. Baker brings to bear upon the practical working of his affairs an experience in the banking and investment securities business of four years, during which period he was prominently identified with Mr. George C. Brooks, the banker and broker. Mr. Baker is a member of the Boston Stock Exchange and undertakes the purchase, sale or transfer of bonds, shares, stocks, etc., on commission; as also the collection of coupons, dividends and interest warrants, and the official duties incidental to the transfer of registered stock, certificates etc. ; his skill and experience in the execution of these several matters having gained for him the entire confidence of a large number of capitalists and investors, whom he is now able to claim as his regular patrons. Mr. Baker is a native of this city, still a young man and is held in warm regard in both com- mercial and social circles. ■ EW ENGLAND FIRE AND HEAT REGULATOR COMPANY, No. 70 Pearl Street.— The most valuable temperature-controlling devices yet invented are those now being introduced by the New England Fire and Heat Regulator Company, who are widely and deservedly prominent as manufacturers of the Automatic Electric Fire and Heat Regulator; also as contractors for all kinds of electric work, and as agents for the Standard Thermometer Co., for self-recording thermometers, steam gauges and volt meters. The company was incorporated in 1888, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $100,000, and is officered as follows, viz.: J. A. Wallis, of Beverly, Mass., treasurer; Wm. Stopford, president; G. Bradley Keene, superintendentj C. W. Card, electrical engineer. The Automatic Electric is the only Regulator which controls the fire by the heat of the house, and thus maintains in all weathers uniform heat at any desired degree, preventing excess of fire and waste of coal. It permits just enough fire to furnish the requisite heat; insures comfort, health, safety and econo- my, is a necessity in every dwelling and indispensable to the health and comfort of scholars in every school- house, and can be applied to both brick and portable furnaces and to all steam and hot water heaters. It costs notliing, as it soon saves its price. The Regulator consists of a thermostat, a small neat instrument like a thermometer, which is placed in the hall or any living room, and is connected by small electric wires with the spring motor at the furnace or boiler. The thermostat can be set at any degree of heat desired. When the temperature of the house has reached that degree, a rubber and metal bar on the thermostat ex- pands, touching a pin on one side; this completes an electric circuit which cause a half revolution at the motor, closing the drafts and dampers, thus checking the fire. When the temperature falls a degree, the bar contracts, touching on the other side, and the electric current causes the motor to open the drafts and dampers. It is infallible in its operation and every person who has tried it indorses it. It is used by such prominent Bostonians as ex-Governor Oliver Ames, Geo. 0. Carpen- ter, C. L. T. Stedman, Geo. W. Morse, J. Heber Smith, M. D., A. N. Burbank, D. H. McKay, E. T. Fearing, Geo. Linder, F. W. Manson, Aug. Nickerson, A. G. Barber, N. E. Weeks, Dr. T. D. Cushman, A. W. Pope, Thayer Heater Co., and Walworth Mfg. Co. among many others. This company also supply the telethermometer, for electrically indicating and recording at a distance; the telehydrobarometer, for electrically indicating and recording the height of water, oil or of a gas-holder at a distance. They are fully equipped for the construction of all kinds of electric work, bells, gas-lighting, burglar alarms, all systems of incandescent light wiring, and isolated plants. The company make a specialty of mechanical regulators for controlling the temperature in rubber vulcanizers and dye-house vats, thermostats are made to order for all uses; prices are given for small gears and small electrical apparatus from specifications, and orders and communications by telephone No. 628, by telegraph or mail, receive the immediate and careful attention of the management. ;iANA W. BENNETT & CO., Insurance, No. 72 Water Street.— The city of Boston is one of the principal centers in the United States for fire insurance. This, all agree, can be secured only through the medium of well-regulated, honestly con- ducted and sound fire insurance companies; those that not only issue policies, but adjust and pay losses as soon as they are clearly shown. Many of the leading insurance corporations place their interests in the control of gentle- men who have secured honorable reputations in this branch of business, and among such in this city should be named Me.-srs. Dana W. Bennett & Co., of No. 73 Water Street. As practical and experienced underwriters, Messrs. Bennett & Co. are prepared to offer substantial inducements and advantages to patrons, including low rates and liberally-drawn policies, while all losses sustained are equitably adjusted and promptly paid through this agency. Their standing in insurance circles is best shown by the following list of insurance companies whose interests they represent in this important territory, viz., The Sun, and the Queen, of England: The Agricultural, of Watertown, N. Y; The Phenix, of Brooklyn; The New Hampshire and the People's of New Hatnpshire; The German- American, of New York; The Teutonia. The California, The Middlesex Mutual, The Holyoke Mutual, and The Traders and Mechanics' Mutual. They are also local agents for the Standard Accident Insurance Company of Detroit, and also do a general brokerage business in fire insurance. They undertake the entire charge of the insurance of estates, stores, office blocks, dwellings, merchandise and grain, placing and distributing risks among solid and reliable companies only, renewing poUcies when expired, and generally relieving property owners and merchants of all care and trouble in this important respect. The copartners, Messrs. Dana W. and Dexter F. Bennett, organized the present firm in 1886. The junior partner has had an experience of fifteen years in the business, being formerly a member of the insurance firm of Clark Bennett & Son, at Somerville, Mass. Both are native Bostonians, members of the Board of Underwriters and the New England Insurance Exchange, and stand deservedly high in both social, commercial and financial circles, BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATURE. 153 ARCLAY-CLEMENTS CO., Commission Mercliants, Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Fish, Potatoes, Lumber, Etc., — One of the most active and enterprising commission houses in Boston is that of tlie Barclay-Clements Co., located at No. 176 Atlantic Avenue. This company are widely known as commission merchants and as importers and whole- sale dealers in flsh, potatoes, lumber, etc. ; while they also freight and charter vessels along the Atlantic coast. The company consists of C. E. Barclay and J. L. Nelson, formerly Barclay & Co., who had been established in business twelve years, and F. L. Clements, who in 1883 succeeded T. J. Jones & Co., who had been in the business for thirty years. They are in daily receipt of consignments in cargo lots from the Canadian Provinces and elsewhere, which are disposed of to buyers on the wharf at good prices, and quick sales and prompt returns are the ruling characteristics of the house in handling all consignments. Shipments are made to all parts of the West and South, in addition to a large local trade, while the connections of the company with producers and shippers are such as enables them to offer special advantages to customers and to fill all orders of whatever magnitude in the promptest and most satis- factory manner. Few firms are so highly respected or so universally popular, which result has been attained by years of inflexible integrity and a strict adherence to honorable and legitimate business methods. They carefully consult the best interests of their numerous patrons, and are always prepared to offer desirable grades of goods at fair and equitable prices. The proprietors, Messrs. Charles R. Barclay, John L. Nelson and Fred. L. Clements, combine their large experience, eminent ability and practical knowledge to form a house of commanding influence, wide popularity and solid worth. *» * ^ , J j;^ f\ ■» ^ I" W'^i T _ BOSTOM PnOTOG.,..Vun_ -O Faneuil Hall Square, showing Fanedil Hall and Quincy Market. C. HEATH, Real Estate Agent and Broker, Loans, Mortgages, Etc., No. 330 Washington Street.— The leading field of finan- cial investment in Boston, without any doubt is city and suburban real estate, and in no way can large or small investments be better applied to secure speedy and productive returns. Much depends, however, on the choice of ehgibly situated property, and to secure this there is no better safeguard for the investor than to secure the sound judgment and practical I experience of one of our reliable real estate agents. A prominent, entei'prising and responsible house of many years' standing in this business in Boston is that of Mr. E. C. Heath, desirably located at No. 330 Washington Street. This popular gentleman is a Massachusetts man by birth and education, and previous to embarking in this line of business was a merchant in Lowell, and relinquishing that line he moved to this city and founded this concern in 1874, and from the outset developed a very liberal and influential patronage, numbering among his permanent customers many of our most prominent capitalists, dealers and house owners. His varied experience, keen appreciation of values and thorough knowledge of the city and its surroundings, combine to render his services peculiarly valuable to parties dealing in realties, whether for residential, business or for speculative purposes. He conducts a general real estate business, buying, selling, letting and exchanging all kinds of realty, collecting rents, interest and incomes, effecting insurance and taking the entire management of estates. He has upon his books at all times full descriptions of improved and unimproved city and suburban prop- erties for sale, lease or exchange, and all representations made by him can be considered reliable. He makes a specialty of negotiating loans on bond and mortgages. Mr. Heath is of about middle age, courteous, enterprising, and has a high standing in the real estate circles of the city and commands the confidence of all with whom he has any business transactions. 154 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATUEE, M. HODGDON & CO., Manufacturers and Jobbers of Men's and Boys' Clotliing, No. 33 Otis and No. 114 Arch Streets.— Boston's supremacy in the wholesale clothing trade is assured by tho possession of such eminent and enterprising houses as that of D. M. Hodgdon & Co., located at Nos. 33 Otis and 114 Arch Streets. This house has been in successful operation for a period of thirty years, and the sound judgment, marked executive ability and perfected facilities brought to bear in * the management have secured for the fine clothing manufactured here the national reputation of being fully the equal of cus- tom made. The business premises comprise four floors, 50 s 125 feet each, conveniently arranged for the storage and display of the immense stock of goods here carried, while the manufacturing is done outside. This firm make the finest clothing for men and boys that is put on the market, as well as a medium grade of goods, so that all classes of dealers are readily suited. From the outset, this firm were animated with the laudable ambition to excel, in lifting the wholesale manufacture of fine clothing out of the rut into which it had fallen, and their efforts in that direction have been crowned with a legitimate and lasting .success, their enlightened policy practically revolutionizing the trade and securing for their goods the eager demand of leading clothiers of Boston, Providence, Lowell, Worcester, Hartford, New Haven, Springfield, Lynn, Lawrence, Manchester, Concord, Portland, Augusta, Burlington, Rutland, Bridgeport, Newport and other New England towns; also of New York City, Buffalo, Albany, Troy, Syracuse, Rochester, Utica, Rome, Watertown, Elmira, Schenectady, Poughkeepsie, Binghamton, Oswego, Newburgh, Hudson, Ogdensburgh, Auburn, Malone, Potsdam, Plattsburgh and other towns in New York State. A corps of talented salesmen represent the interests of the house upon the road, and orders are promptly and carefully filled at terms and prices which preclude successful competition. Mr. D. M. Hodgdon, the active member of the firm, is a native of Maine, and has been engaged in the clothing business in Boston tor full forty years. He is an expert and practical manufacturer, exercis- ing sound judgment and the greatest enterprise in the selection of his woolens and suitings, and always being the first to secure the newest shades, patterns, and textures in American and toreign fabrics, so that his styles are ever the leaders, correct, fashionable and elegant. He is a member of the Boston Merchants' Association, and of the highest repute in commercial, financial and trade circles. ATKINS & CO., Importers and Dealers in Raw Sugar, No. 33 Broad Street.— Among the various extensive and growing commercial industries in this city, which exercise an important influence on our general trade and bear the marks of con- tinued increase and prosperity, none perhaps, occupies a more useful or significant ^station than the importation and wholesale trade in raw sugar. A foremost house engaged in this branch of commerce is that of E. Atkins & Co., situated at No. 35 Broad Street, which has been in active operation for upwards of a half century. The enterprise was founded in 1838 by Elisha Atkins, and was conducted by him under the firm name of E. Atkins & Co. ; they were proprietors of the well- known Bay State Sugar Refinery, which they disposed of in 1887, to the Sugar Trust. In December, 1888, Mr. Atkins' death occurred, after a long and honorable business lite. In 1889 the firm was reorganized, the parties coming into control being^E. F. Atkins, son of the founder of the house, and John W. Cumings. In 1884 the house purchased a large sugar plantation in Cuba. It is equipped with the latest improved sugar machinery, the plant being complete in every particular, and employment is afforded a large force of hands. The firm receive the raw sugar in cargo lots, the vessels chartered by them discharging their cargoes in the ports of Boston, New York, Philadelphia and Balti- more, and sales are made to sugar refiners in all parts of the United States. DERBY & CO., Manufacturers of Chairs, Nos. 93 to 103 Cross Street.— There are some few houses in Boston that have not S^^R^^S only been long established, but have developed such enterprise, and become so pre-eminent in their several vocations, as to ffALV^^iHS have made themselves celebrated over a large part of the civilized world, and at the same time advertised this city as a manufacturing center, in a manner that would have otherwise have been impossible. A leading establishment engaged in the manufacture of chairs is that of Messrs. P. Derby & Co., whose warehouse is at Nos. 93 to 103 Cross Street, while their factory is at Gardner, Mass. The firm also have branch salesrooms in New York. This business was founded many years ago by the senior member of the firm, Mr. P. Derby, at Gardner, the salesrooms in this city being opened in 1866. Twelve years since Mr. Derby admitted to partnership his son, Mr. A. P. Derby, and two sons-in-law, Messrs. George Hodgman and George W. Cann. Mr. Cann has charge of the New York salesrooms, while the other co-partners reside at Gardner. The managers of the Boston warerooms are Messrs. T. D. Hodgman and A. G. Burnham, the former a son, the latter a son-in-law of Mr. George Hodgman. The premises occupied as salesrooms comprise three buildings, each having four floors, 35 x 100 feet in dimensions. An immense stock is carried here and a staff of twenty-five hands find employment. The salesrooms in New York are also very extensive, and the firm have a large interest in a chair factory in Chi- cago. Their works in Gardner are comprised in five large buildings, equipped with the most improved machinery, and the driving power is supplied by two engines, one ot 850 h. p., the other of 150 h. p. Employment is found for a force of two hundred expert workmen, and the firm manufacture cane and wood seat chairs of every variety. They are made in many pleasing {and attractive styles, and are con- structed with due regard to durability and strength as well as appearance. The firm are also dealers in aU kinds of plush chairs. The heavy trade suppUed extends not only all throughout the United States, but large exportations are made to foreign countries also. iEAN WHITE, Music Publisher, No. 326 Washington Street.— The name ot Jean White has acquired an international celebrity as one who practically revolutionized the music-publishing trade and filled a long-felt want, by providing a full and complete hbrary of amateur and professional orchestra and band mufeic and instruction books at such prices as enable " all sorts and conditions of men," to possess themselves of it, and yet so finely executed in all its details both of art and mechanics, and so expensively finished that the wealthiest are proud to give it a place in their portfolio. Mr. White estab- lished himself here as a music publisher in 1867, and soon became noted for the wide variety and attractive character of his musical publications, developing a rare taste and marked tact in his selections and winning the confidence of a wide circle of patrons. He died in 1884, after a long and honorably successful career, and the business has since been continued by his widow with signal ability and steadily increasing success. The main office and salesrooms are located at No. 236 Washington Street, com- prising three floors, 23 x 75 feet each, while a printing-oliflce is operated on Medford Street, and some twenty-five skilled hands are employed in the various departments of the business. This house has forever put an end to the injustice ot extortionate prices, and with careful attention and good judgment now publishes the finest and most desirable collections of music for amateur and professional orchestras and bands, besides complete and elementai-y instruction books for every instrument in the ordinary band and orchestra. The collection includes professional orchestral music by the best composers and arrangers, adapted to all require- ments of dance and concert engagements; standard and popular compositions tor the special use of theater and concert orchestras; arrange- ments of parlor and dance music designed for amateur orchestras; also standard opera selections, marches, dirges, serenades, overtures, comic medleys and church music. The publications of the house are sold throughout all the United States and Canada, and their catalogue should be in the hands of every orchestra leader and instrumentalist. They also publish " The Leader," devoted solely to music and musi- cians, at one dollar a year; sample copy sent free. A special catalogue of instrumental music is sent to any address, and the wants of orchestras, bands and music dealers are supplied by this house with unexampled promptness and with conscientious care. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. A.GE BELTING COMPANY, Leather and Rubber Belting, Etc., J. P. Jewell, Manager, No. 17 Federal Street,— There is nothing connected with modern manufacturing that plays a more important part than belting. By its means power is transmitted from the engine to the machinery with the least possible loss by friction. At various times inventive minds have turned their attention to the pi'oduction of belting from various substances, but, where the fii'st cost has been lessened, the use of any other than leather belting has always proved to be more expensive in the long run. " The tanner, much wiser than all put together, Cried, ' Say what you will, there's nothing like leather.' " The leading house engaged in the manufacture of leather belting In New England is that of the Page Belting Co., of Concord, N. H., who operate a branch establishment in this city, at No. 17 Federal Street. The business was founded at Concord, many years ago, by Page Brothers, and in 1872 the present company was incorporated, with a capital of $250,000, and with George F. Page, president; Charles T. Page, treasurer. The Boston house was opened in 1888, and is under the management of Mr. J. P. Jewell, who has been with the company for the past twenty years, and is thoroughly posted in all the details of the business and the requirements of the trade. The premises occupied for sales purposes are spacious in size, and a splendid stock of leather and rubber belting, hose, packing, lacing and mill supplies is constantly carried. The Page Belting Company are still consulting their own interests in pursuing the policy by which they have achieved their success in business, namely, giving their customers goods of real merit, improving the quality of their goods from year to year by all possible means, and treating their patrons in such a manner as to make them their friends. Their prices will always be found as low as such qualities can possibly be afforded, and from the variety of grades of belting and lacing]they mamif acture, and an equally large range of prices, every buyer can be satisfied in every respect. In the manufacture of their belting they use none but the very best tannages of leather. No chemicals are employed. The workmanship in every department is of the highest possible order. The claims of the company are leather of superior quahty, thorough stretching, the very best of workmanship, attractive finish, liberal dealings with customers, and uniform quality in suc- cessive shipments. They warrant their goods to be as represented and to give satisfaction with proper usage; to run uniform in successive shipments of the same grades; satisfactory dealings to customers, and prices as low as such quahty of goods can be offered. Among their specialties are Eureka Dynamo Belting, specially for transmission of power to electric dynamos and from electric motors; the Hercules Lac- ing, " Patna Brand " Lacing, Standard Kit Cut Laces, etc. Mr. Jewell is also New England agent for the Cleveland Rubber Co., Cleveland, O. AMMOND TYPEWRITER COMPANY, Fred. S. Barstow, Manager, No. 300 Washington Street.— The famous Hammond typewriter has been before the public for the past ten years, and has successfully met the demands of the public for a perfect typewriting machine, as is abundantly demonstrated by the fact of its enormous sale and use in all the first offices of the land. It is manufactured by the Hammond Typewriter Company, of New York, and is rep- resented in Boston by Mr. Fred. S. Barstow, as manager for New England, with headquarters at No. 300 Washington Street. The Hammond is unrivaled for speed, perfect ahgnment, beauty, strength, changeable type, uniform impres- sion and durability, and has no supe- writer has received the following awards don, England, October, 1887, the best is required. Mechanics' Fair, Boston medal, American Institute, New York; Orleans Exposition, 1884-85; the only writes in perfect ahgnment, and use can- always uniform, being independent of the as in print, therefore printing more letters OS to facilitate speed of fingering. The Its paper carriage moves more rapidly keys. Any width of paper can be used, be inserted as easily as large sheets. It is catalogue cards, as well as for tabular is required in railroad, insurance and cleaned in a few seconds. Circulars, price-hsts, etc rior In the country. This splendid type- and medals: American Exhibition, Lon- typewriter for office work where speed December, 1887, awarded the only gold special medals, 1885 and 1887 ; New gold medal awarded. The Hammond not change the same. Impression is touch. It writes the letters close together to a line. Its keys are relatively so placed touch of the keys is light, elastic and firm, than any operator can manipulate the and envelopes, cards and narrow paper can specially adapted for writing on library work, large statements, etc., such as real estate offices. The type can be nd sample books of finest grades of linen papers are sent free on appli- cation at the office in this city. The expert operator on the Hammond has a certamty of steady employment, and there is no better opening for a young lady or youth. Mr. Barstow is an experienced and popular representative of the Hammond, and has developed a large and important trade throughout the New England States, placing all transactions on a thoroughly substantial and satisfactory basis. rjWAN & ATWOOD, Auctioneers, Real Estate Mortgage and Insurance Agents, Money to Loan on Real and Personal Prop- erty, No. 27 School Street.— A leading and thoroughly responsible firm engaged as real estate, mortgage and insurance agents in this city is that of Messrs. Swan & Atwood, who occupy eligible office quarters at No. 27 School Street. This business was originally established in 1881 by Mr. C. H. Swan, and in 1888 the present firm was organized by the admis- sion of Mr. N. D. Atwood to partnership. Both gentlemen enj'oy a high repute in this city and vicinity, and possess a large experience, wide acquaintance and influential connection as resil estate and insurance agents, auctioneers, negotiators of mortgages and prominent business men. They make a specialty of handling real estate in Boston, Melrose, Medford. Somerville, Cambridge, Chelsea, Brookline, Dorchester, Newton, Stoughton, etc., of all kinds and prices, cash and installments, and operate branch offices in a number of these places. The history of the rise and progress of these towns shows that wise and prudent investments in reahty may ultimately yield a more certain and reasonable profit than any other form of investment. Messrs. Swan & Atwood have earned a high reputation for accurate judgment and superior business tact in conducting transactions in this interest, and have developed an important connection therein, including among their permanent patrons many leading: capitalists, investors and prop- erty owners, and carrying through to a successful issue many heavy and valuable transact ions. They have upon their books at all times descriptions of high grade property in the towns and cities mentioned, as well as farms all through Massachusetts, and houses, lots, busmess blocks and country seats in and near Boston for sale or to rent on the most reasonable terms. Particular attention is also given to the negotiation of real and personal property mortgages. Messrs. Swan & Atwood are also regarded as among the most rehable underwriters in the city, and as authority in all matters pertaining to fire insurance. They are agents for the Royal, and London and Lancashire of England ; the People's and the New Hampshire of Manchester, N. H. ; the Jersey City of Jersey City, N. J. . and the Pennsylvania of Philadelphia; also agents for the Dorchester Mutual of Neponset; Quincy Mutual of Quincy, and the Wachusett Mutual of Fitchburg. They control the insuring of many of the choicest lines of business, and residential properties, placing the largest risks in the most responsible companies at lowest rates of premium and making a speedy and liberal adjustment of all losses while they are universally popular with all classes of real estate owners, merchants and manufacturers by reason of their promptitude, courtesy and reliable business methods. The copartners are Massachusetts men by birth and education, and command confidence and esteem in leading business circles. 156 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. B. GOOGINS & CO., Commission Dealers in Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Poultry and Country Produce, Nos. 52-54 Commercial Street.— Among the popular and successful commission merchants of Boston may be mentioned Messrs. T. B. Googins & Co., whose establishment is located at Nos. 53-54 Commercial Street. This enterprising gentleman commenced business at this location in 1883, and commands all the advantages that are naturally accumulated through long * years of identification with a special line of trade, and is enabled to render most valuable service to those who commit their interests to his care. He is a gentleman of wide and mature experience, thoroughly posted in all the wants and acquirements of the commission trade, and is one of the most active and efficient of its representatives in the city. He makes a specialty of fancy creamery and fine dairy butter, and is in daily receipt of supphes direct from first-class cream- eries ; also fresh country eggs, cheese and poultry. Consignments are disposed of without delay, and remittances are promptly made. A large and complete stock is always kept on hand, from which orders are filled with dispatch and satisfaction. Goods are received from New England and the West, and the trade of the house which is wholesale exclusively is large and constantly increasing. Mr. Googins is a native of Maine, but has resided in Boston since 1869. He is thoroughly experienced in this business, and is coDSidei'ed an authority in regard to quality and price of butter, and is possessed of more than ordinary business ability. TJOMPAGNIE GENERALE TRANSATLANTIQUE, French and United States Postal Service, Company's Head Office, No. 6 Rue Auber, Paris, Duncan Bailly-Blanchard, Agent, No. 102 State Street. —-This company furnishes the only direct fine to France, and the shortest route to all principal points on the continent, while it worthily -maintains the lead in every- thing that appertains to the safety, comfoi't and celerity of the transatlantic passage. Their new express steamers include La Touraine, 8,000 tons; La Champagne, 7.000 tons; La Bourgogne, 7,000 tons; La Bretagne, 7.000 tons; La Gas- cogne, 7,000 tons- La Normandie, 6,300 tons. These steamers make regular trips from New York to Havre and Paris, connecting at Paris with the Western of France Railway, the Paris, Lyons, Mediterranean Railway, the International Sleeping Cars, etc.; so that American travelers going to or returning from the continent of Europe by taking this fine avoid both transit by English railway and the discomforts of crossing the channel, besides saving time, trouble, and expense. Through tickets in connection with first and second-class passage issued to London (via Havre, Southampton or Dieppe, New Haven) at same rate as through tickets to Paris. Tickets are also issued at New York and Paris, respectively, with right to go or return on all the company's steamers of the West Indian, Mexican and Colon lines, and also for all points in the United States, Canada, China and Japan, Australia and New Zealand- On arrival of steamer at Havre, passengers holding tickets for Paris are transferred [to a special transatlantic train which makes only one stop between Havre and Paris. Baggage is checked in New York through to Paris, thus avoiding Custom House exami- nation and delay at Havre. Through tickets are also issued from New York to Buenos Ayres, Montevideo, Bahia, Pernambuco. Rio de Janeiro, Maccio and Santos, via Havre; also, to Italy, Spain, Algeria, Tunis, Morocco, Malta, Corsica and other points, making what is called circular tours, on tickets which are available during a year from New York to Paris and back. Among the features for which the Compagnie General Transatlantique has become justly celebrated, are the extreme care manifested in the navigation of their ships, the skill and high standing of the commanders, and the company's uniform good fortune in successfully conducting an extensive traffic for over thirty years. The prime consideration is safety, and the captains of these steamers are vigilant and untiring in devotion to the discharge of the onerous duties devolving upon them. This line is also deservedly popular for the excellence of its table, the efficiency of its service, and the richness and comfort of its furnishings and accommodations for passengers. Mr. Duncan Bailly-Blanchard, the manager of the Boston Branch, has his headquarters at No. 102 State Street, where all information and tickets can be obtained. Mr, Blanchard is a native of New Orleans, was manager of passenger department in the company's ;New York office for ten years, and is a young man of experience, ability and sterling worth. I HE CORNELIUS CALLAHAN CO., Manufacturers of Fire Department Supplies, Etc., No. 164 High Street.— The exacting demands of the fire departments of the United States for a practically indestructible fire hose, and one that, while light, flexible and handy, should be economical, durable and mildew proof, have been fully met by the Cornelius Callahan Com- pany, manufacturers of the Callahan cotton rubber lined hose, relief valves, hydrant gates, shut-off nozzles, gongs and flexible pipes, at No. 164 High Street. For m&ny years the experience of firemen with the old-fashioned rubber and leathern hose has been utterly discouraging; they burst under even a light pressure, and often gave out at the most critical moments when a great fire was bursting forth and every drop of water needed. Both rubber and leather hose are rotting con- stantly while not in use; they can never be thoroughly dried except at the risk of cracking, and in the case of leather becoming hard, stiff and unmanageable. In freezing weather miles of rubber and leather hose are ruined in our large cities. These and other weighty rea- sons show the necessity of using the only fire hose adapted to the needs and requirements of this climate— Callahan's cotton rubber-lined hose. The business was originally established in 1886, by Messrs. Cornelius Callahan and George S. WiUis, and in 1888 the present company was incorporated, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $40,000, and with Walter Cutting, president; Cornelius Callahan treasurer; George S. Willis, secretary. This company manufacture all sizes of the different brands of hose, including Adriatic jacket, jacket, and volunteer fire hose for fire department service, "Mayflower" fire hose for small fire departments, and Mill hose for hand engines and factory use, from one and one half to three and one half inches, and claim that it is stronger than rubber or leather, has a clear 2^ inch water way, with the least possible friction, weighs less than rubber or leather, stretches less than any other hose in the market, will not pull back under pressure, will resist longer from fire or wearing, owing to the separate and distinct bodies of which it is composed, can be repaired without the use of a metal sleeve, and in a critical moment it will not fail, but can be relied upon every time. It is now in use in the cities of Boston, Lowell, Lynn, Haverhill, Lawrence, Fall River, Athol, Attleboro, Beverly, Belmont, Brockton, Blackstone, Chicopee, Cottage City, Canton, Chicopee Falls, Dedham, Erving, Everett, Easthampton, Fair Haven, Georgetown, Gloucester, Holyoke, Hyde Park, Hingham, Hudson, Hinsdale, Holbrook, Hopkinton, Ipswich, Leominster, Lancaster, Milton, Marblehead, Maiden, Middleboro, Milford, Melrose, Me- thuen, Medford, Northampton, New Bedford, Newburyport, North Andover, North Attleboro, Nantucket, Natick, Orange, Pittsfield, Province- town, Quincy, Rockland, Rockport, Shirley, Somerville, South Framinghara, Tisbury, Taunton, Westfield, West Brookfield, Ware and Wake field, in Massachusetts; and in ciidh leading cities of the Union as New York City, Chicago, 111., Cincinnati, O., Milwaukee, Wis., Kansas City, Mo., Detroit. Mich., Omaha, Neb., Denver, Col., St. Joseph, Mo., Charleston, S. C, BaUimore, Md., Richmond, Va. , and by the United States Government. The other specialties of the company include " Steel Clad " Suction Hose, the most desirable suction hose in the market; Calla- han's improved coupling, Siamese connections, Bresnan's patent distributing and controlling nozzle, the Callahan shut-off nozzle, electric light wire cuttcrB, Empire life-saving net, Grady life belts, hose reels, patent harness, and fire department supplies of all kinds and best quality. The president of the company, Mr. Cutting, is a well-known banker of New York City. Mr. Callahan, the treasurer, is the inventor of the hose and other specialties which bear his name, and has had a practical experience of twenty years in this branch of manufacture; is thoroughly experienced in its every detail and widely honored and esteemed for his genius, skill and reliable business methods. Mr. Willis, the secretary, is a manufacturer of large experience, ex-chief of the Fire Department of Pittsfield, and an enterprising and responsible business man. BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 157 B. SWAZEY & CO., Lumber Commission Merchants, No. 21 Doane Street. — No firm has contributed more successfully or materially to the importance of Boston as a center of the wholesale lumber trade than that of Messrs. H. B. Swazey & Co,, located at No. 21 Doane Street. This flourishing business was estabhshed by Mr. H. B. Swazey, in 1851, and was very success- fully conducted by him until 1878, when his son, Mr. G. H. Swazey was admitted as a partner and the present firm name • was adopted. The house early became noted for the superior products handled in pine, spruce and hemlock, and the spe- cialties, shingles and clap-boards. They continue to develop a flourishing trade and maintain a leading position. Their facilities are unrivaled, and nowhere can the trade and large consumers obtain such substantial inducements both as to price and quality. Their lumber is received in cars and cargo lots from the north and east and is shipped direct from the mills. A large and influential trade has been established throughout the New England states, which is annually increasing. Mr. H. B. Swazey died in April of the current year, but the old firm name is still continued. Mr. G. H. Swazey is a native and resident of Chelsea, and is a respected and energetic business man. He is a member of the F. &. A. M., and the K. T's. and of several social clubs; and this house is unquestionably one of the leading representa lives of the wholesale lumber trade of this city. L. LEACH, New England Agent for the Boston Forge Company, The Olis Steel Company, The Solid Steel Company, Steel Castings, Bridgeport Brass Company, Brass and Copper Tubing, No. 237 Frankhn Street.— The business of the manufact- urers' agent is one of great benefit to the merchants, manufacturers and dealers in every large community, and prominent among the number in Boston is Mr. H. L. Leach, who has been established in the business here since 1880, and has his * headquarters at No. 337 Franklin Street. This gentleman is a Massachusetts man by birth and education, and while yet a boy he entered the employ of the Hinckley Locomotive Works, rising step by step until he finally became superin- tendent, remaining with the house for a period of thirty-six years. He is still in the active prime of life, and his prominence in the indus- trial world is best shown by the list of important companies whose interests he represents as New England Agent, to wit: the Boston Forge Company, the Otis Steel Company, the Solid Steel Company, the Bridgeport Brass Company, the Standard Steel Works, the Pickering Spring Company, and the Nathan Manufacturing Company. He is now making a specialty of the patent sand-feeding apparatus for locomotives, for which he is general agent. This apparatus is designed to feed a small quantity of sand in a regular and reliable manner upon the rails in front of the driving wheels of locomotives when necessary to prevent them from slipping, and to avoid the expense of hauling the trains over large quantities of sand left on the rails when it is fed in the usual way directly from the sand box. As only a small quantity of sand is required to prevent this slipping, if fed properly, the saving in sand thus effected is considerable, and on some roads, where good sand is hard to get, highly desirable. It is also asserted by competent authorities that the more sand that is used, the faster the rails, ties and wheels of the train are worn out. This apparatus was patented by H. L. Leach, Jr., August 5, 1890. Trial sets of apparatus will be furnished upon application and may be returned if not found entirely satisfactory, in which case no charge will be made. Orders for steel castings, steel springs, brass and copper tubing, injectors, oil cups, and other supplies are filled by Mr. Leach with the utmost promptness and care, and all transactions are placed upon a thoroughly substantial and satisfactory basis. |0S. GAHM, Bottler and Dealer in Ales and Beer, Corner Purchase and HartfordStreets.— As a rep- resentative house engaged in the business of bot- tling beer and ales, and dealer of wines, we wish to call the attention of our readers to the well known house of Mr. Joseph Gahm who is one of the most enterprising and leading wholesale deal ers and bottlers of Jos. Schlitz Milwaukee lager beer and Arnold & Co.'s, Ogdensburg, N. Y., Indian pale and Golden Table ales and porter; also bottler of the celebrated Bass & Co s English ale, Guinness' stout, imported Kaiser, Culmbach and Pils ner beers, direct imported Rhine and Moselle wines from Dein hard & Co., Germany, Davidson & Engelbrecht, Mayence, Rhine wines, also clarets and Kronthal mineral water. Mr. Gahm first established his business in Charlestown in 1854, on a com- paratively limited scale. He removed to No. 83 State Street, Boston, in 1878, and by honorable dealings and with a thorough knowledge of the business, his trade increased very rapidly, so much so that in the year of 1868 he took the agency of the well known house of the Jos. Schlitz Brewing Co.'s lager beer. He started by having only two car loads shipped to him a month, but now has thirty car loads; a car contains seventy bar rels. The increase of case goods of this favorite beer is 40,000 cases or 80,000 dozen per annum. Mr. Gahm makes a specialty of this beer, and has a large export trade. He puts it up in cham- pagne pints and quarts, bearing his own brand, thus assuring his patrons of receiving the genuine article. He removed to No. 24 India Square about one year ago, until his new building was com pleted. In the month of March, 1887, he contemplated building his own establishment at the corner of Purchase and Hartford ■ Streets, which was finished in December, 1888. This is a magnifi- cent five-story brick building, with an elegant basement and sl^ sub-cellar, built upon the latest and most improved style of arch- itecture, as the cut will show. He occupies the cellars and store on the first floor. The cellars are devoted to the general storagp ^ _ - of the goods and the bottling departments, which are fully equipped with all of the latest appliances necessary for the bottling of beers and ales in the most systematic manner. Here may be found two of Messrs. Hoyt Bros., of Lynn, Mass., bottle washing machines, steam cork- ing machines, also wiring machines for wiring the corks upon the bottles: these take the place of hand %vork. The office, salesroom and shipping departments are located on the first floor. This floor is handsomely finished in cherry, and contains all modern conveniences. On the right hand side as you enter from the Purchase Street entrance, is Mr. Gahm's private office; next to this is the book-keepers', ship' per and cashier's office. Next to this is the storeroom for wines that are imported direct from Germany in eases. Off of this is the shipping department. We wish to say here that no better establishment of the kind can be found in the city. 158 BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. |OTON CARPET LINING CO., No. 179 Devonshire Street; New York Office, No. 80 White Street; Chicago Office, No, 243 Monroe Street.— The largest carpet lining mill in the world is situated near Boston. The Union Carpet Lining Co.'s works cover several acres. The president is Mr. S. A. Carlton, who is also president of the Natl. Securit.y Bank, and a well known rail- road director. Mr. Joseph N. Damon is treasurer and Mr. J. M. Whittemore, manager. Their goods are too well known all over the United States to need any introduction. The Union Carpet Lining Co. own the patents covering the celebrated Moth Proof Novelt.7 Cedar Brands. Boston is particularly well situated for the manufacture of linings. It draws on the great cotton manufacturing cities of Lowell, Lawrence, Fall River and other cities for cotton waste; paper inills abound all through Massachusetts. The cheap water rates afford means of transporting the lining from the side track of the company to Chicago and the west at very low prices. The head office of this company is No. 179 Devonshire Street, Boston, with other offices and warehouses at No. 80 White Street, New York, and No. 343 Monroe Street, Chicago. BILLIAM HERRICK, Wholesale Commission Fish Dealer, No. 176 Atlantic Avenue, Room No. 4.— From its commanding posi- tions as a seaport Boston naturally enjoys great advantages as a point of distribution for the salt water products of the New England coast, and the wholesale fish business is a commercial interest of great magnitude. Among those engaged in the business of a wholesale commission fish dealer, few have had the practical training and experience enjoyed by Mr. William Herrick, of this city. For over thirty years he pursued the vocation of a fisherman, and for many years of that time com- manded a fishing craft in Atlantic waters, sailing from Boston and Gloucester. The latest vessel of which he was captain was the " Augusta E. Herrick." For two years past he has carried on the business of a commission merchant for the sale of fresh and frozen fish, Hve lobsters, etc., receiving large consignments from Maine and the Provinces. Having adopted the motto of " quick sales! prompt returns!" he has built up a large and prosperous trade with the local dealers, his thorough practical knowledge of everything con- nected with the handling of fish giving him more than ordinary facilities for the expeditious and satisfactory disposal of the heaviest consignments. Mr. Herrick is a native of Mame, and although in the meridian of life, is an active, energetic and successful man of business. Commonwealth Avenue, showing Hotel Vendome. jjILLIAM LUMB & CO., Plumbers, No. 15 Province Street and No. 9 Chapman Place.— The important industry of plumbing has a leading and widely known representative in Boston, in the house of William Lumb & Co., whose office and workshop are at No. 15 Province Street and No. 9 Chapman Place. This business was originally organized in 1848 by William Lumb, and he is probably the oldest practical plumber in the city, having been engaged in this line for the past fifty-one years. A native of England, he learned his trade in Yorkshire, that country, mastering all its details, and, on arriving in this city started the business which he has since conducted with such steadily increasing success. For a number of years he has had as partner Mr. William H. Mitchell, also an expert plumber and able business man. Both gentlemen are active members of the Boston Master Plumbers" Association, and the National Plumbers' Association, and are favorably known in commercial and social circles. The premises occupied comprise a store and basement, 35 x 100 feet in dimensions, equipped with special machinery, operated by steam power, and the firm employ from fifty to sixty hands. They manufacture brass and lead plumbing supplies of all kinds for their own use, and give particular attention to sanitary plumbing, and to entering into contracts for the complete equipment of buildings with baths, closets, bowls, sinks, etc. Estimates are furnished at shortest notice, while the splendid facilities of the firm enable them to meet all orders in the most satisfactory, thorough and workmanlike manner. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 159 ■|RANK A. CUTTING, Dealer in Canada, New York and Pennsylvania Hemlock Bark, Room No. 501, Shoe and Leather Exchange, No. 116 Bedford Street.— The prosperous house of Mr. Frank A. Cutting, dealer in Canada, New York and Pennsyl- vania Hemlock bark, at Rooni No. 501, Shoe and Leather Exchange, No. 116 Bedford Street, is one which is devoted to a given line of trade, thus receives all the advantages to be gained from undivided attention. Mr. Cutting has been engaged in this line of business tor the past sixteen years, in Canada and Massachusetts, and settled in Boston in IS90. Handling a superior grade of bark, bis house has become an important and popular source of supply to tanners throughout New York, Pennsylvania and all the New England States, and a most substantial success has been achieved during the comparatively short period of its operation in this city. No house in Boston or elsewhere is better prepared to minister to the wants of patrons in this line, while Mr. Cutting is a gentleman of vast practical experience and tried ability, in whose judgment and integrity the fullest confidence can be safely placed. He is thoroughly conversant with all the needs and requirements of tanners, while his widespread and induential connec- tions with the best sources of supply in Canada, New York and Pennsylvania enable him to promptly and satisfactorily meet every demand. Many of the largest tanners in Massachusetts make all their purchases of hemlock bark of !Mr. Cutting, being attracted by his honorable methods, the substantial inducements offered in both quality and prices, and the eminently satisfactory manner in which all their orders are fulfilled. The sales of the house average two thousand carloads per year, and orders by telephone No. 903 receive immediate and careful- attention. Mr. Cutting is a native of Washington, N. H. and is deservedly prominent as the inventor of Cutting's Patent Car tor tan bark, and treasurer of the Cutting Car Company. JOSIAH CUMMINGS & SON, Manufacturers of and Dealers in Trunks, Bags and Umbi-ellas; Sample Trunks and Cases a Speci- alty, Nos, 109 and 11.3 Summer Street.— Like all the other branches of art and industry, notable progress has been made in the manufacture of trunks and kindred articles of late years in this city. The productions of some of our leadiug firms In the line indicated are a distinct triumph of skill and ingenuity; in which connection special mention is due Josiah Cummings & Son, manufacturers of and dealers in trunks, bags and umbrellas, Nos. 109 and 11.3 Summer Street, corner Bedford Street, with factory at No. 289 Congress Street. They turn out a class of work of exceptional excellence, making a specialty of sample trunks and cases, and have a very large trade extending throughout every jobbing city in this country and Canada. They are patentees and sole manufacturers of light patented steel sample trunks for shoe, dry goods, notion and clothing salesmen, which are conceded to be in all respects the most perfect, strongest, neatest and altogether most superior productions of the kind on the market, and command an extensive sale. These trunks are made from a fine grade of American steel manufactured expressly for this firm, and are very light, neat in design, perfect in shape, durable and almost absolutely fire-proof: while they have no clamps to break and are not affected by heat or moisture. The manufacturing facilities are ample and excellent, and a large force of expert workmen are employed. The premises occu- pied as office and salesrooms on Summer Street are spacious and commodious, and an exceedingly fine assortment is constantly kept in stock here, including trunks of every shape, size, style and variety; handsome valises and traveling bags of all kinds, satchels, leather specialties and umbrellas; while trunks and bags are made to order, likewise, at short notice. Every article leaving this establishment is warranted as to workmanship and material, and the very lowest prices consistent therewith are quoted, substantial inducements being offered to the trade. Catalogue and price list will be cheerfully furnished upon application, and all communications of a business nature receive prompt response, correspondence being invited. Tliis business was originally established on Union Street some forty-two years ago, by Cummings & Tyler, who were succeeded by Cummings, Rich & Co., who were in turn succeeded by Wilkinson & Cummings, who were engaged in making government goods at Springfield, Mass., subsequently Mr. Cummings, the elder, was in business alone for nearly quarter of a century, moving back to Boston about twenty years ago, and in 1886 took into partnership his son Edward J. Cummings. The Messrs. Cummings are both men of practical skill and thorough experience, and are masters of their art in all its branches. lAPPEN BROS., Dealers in Wooden Ware, Brooms, Brushes, Baskets, Mats, Willow Ware, Children's Carriages, No. 28 Dock Square.— The leading source of supply for wooden ware, willow ware, children's carriages and kindred articles in Boston is the house of Messrs. Lappen Bros., located at No. 28 Dock Square. This is the oldest in its line in Boston, having been established about eighty-five years ago, and is also one of the largest and best known in New England. The firm of O. Lappen & Co., was organized in 1836, as successors to Steele & Dickinson, and in 1885, on the retirement of Mr. O. Lappen, the present style was adopted^ The building occupied for trade purposes contains four floors and a basement, 50 x 100 feet each, all of which splendid floor space is used for the disposal of the immense and varied stock that is constantly carried. This stock bears such a character for utility and usefulness as to command universal attention and general patronage. It embraces clotheswringers, clothes- horses and clothes dryers; churns, brooms and bi-ushes; fancy, willow and oak baskets; tubs, pails and buckets; wood bowls, chop trays and pastry boards; sieves, nest boxes and barrel covers; measures, spice boxes and rolling pins; wash boards, clotheslines and clothes- pins; stove polish and shoe blacking, sleds, boys' wagons and velocipedes; door mats and wagon mats, feather dusters, sponges, faucets, wood saws, ladders, wheelbarrows, chop knives, ax handles, bed cords, etc., etc. The house has created the highest of reputations in the business world by its uniform fair dealing, reasonable prices and the invariable high quahty of its goods. A trade of great magnitude is conducted in such prominent trade centers as Boston, Providence, Lowell, Worcester, Springfield, New Haven, Hartford, Manchester, Concord, Portland, Augusta, Nashua, Lawrence, Lynn, Fall River, New Bedford, Salem, Newport, Pawtucket, Bridgeport, Burlington, Rut- land, St. Albans, Brattleboro, Bangor and other New England towns. The Messrs. Lappen are native Bostonians, trained in the business from their youth up, and young men of large experience, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth, with whom it is always pleasant and profitable to deal. JUTTING CAR COMPANY, Fred Joy, President, Frank A. Cutting, Treasurer and Manager, Room No. 501, Shoe and Leather Exchange, No. 116 Bedford Street.— The radical improvements made in the general methods of conducting all branches of business is perhaps illustrated in no better way than by the modern means employed for transporting freight from one sec- tion of the country to another. An instance in point is afforded by the Cutting Car Company, of this city, who own and operate the Cutting Patent Tan Bark Car on all the different lines of railway in New York, New England and Canada. This company was incorporated in 1887, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $60,000,, and has its headquarters at Room No. 501, Shoe and Leather Exchange, No. 116 Bedford Street. The officers of the company are Fred Joy, Esq., president; Frank A. Cutting, treasurer and manager. The company own all the patents issued to Frank A. Cutting for improvements in cars for freighting and transporting tan bark, and are introducing them to the various freight lines throughout the country. These cars have received the highest encomiums from experts everywhere, and they are rapidly becoming the standard mode of transportation in handling and shipping tan bark in all parts of the Union. Mr. Cutting, the inventor of the car, is a prominent dealer in Canada, New York and Pennsylvania hemlock bark in this city, and has made a special study of the best means of transporting this article. The president of the company, Mr. Joy, is a well-known attorney of this city. 160 BOSTON: ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. OWARD A. BRIGHA^I, Importer of Textile Machinery, Agent for Samuel Brooks and Crighton & Sons, Manchester. England, No. 40 Oliver Street.— Mr. Edward A. Brighana of No. 40 Oliver Street, importer of textile machinery, has been engaged in business in his present calling and that of a manufacturers' agent for a period of twenty-seven years, during which time he has by dint of unremitting perseverance, and by virtue of the constant maintenance of a most exalted code of honor, earned for himself a most enviable reputation and established a connection of extensive magnitude and valuable character. The business embraces contracting for the erection of dotton manufacturing plants and, generally, for the building and equipment of factories devoted to the textile industries. Mr. Brigham has erected throughout the United States a vast number of mills and factories; and wherever he has conducted operations he has evoked the enthusiastic admiration of his patrons. In addition to controUing a substantial volume of business upon his own resources the gentleman holds valuable agencies for Samuel Brooks, and Crighton, & Sons, of Manchester, England, the chief seat of the world's textile manufacture; who manufacture all the latest specialties in cotton machinery, among which are improved drawing frames with patent stop motions, which are all positive and instantaneous in action; special frames for dyed cotton and merino, and slubbing, intermediate and roving frames, made from entirely new models with the latest improve- ments; ring spinning frames, ring and flyer doubling frames on the Scotch or English doubling system, and the revolving flat carding engine, with revolving disc, for carrying ends of flats, to prevent wear of flat ends or bends, which can be seen running at this establishment at any time and which is represented in the above engraving. The gentleman is a practical master of all the infinite details of his business and his personalty evinces the characteristics of unusual shrewdness and discernment tempered by a commendable spirit of liberality. He is a gen- tleman enjoying that desirable season known as " The prime of Life"; he is a native of the Bay State, and enjoys throughout the entire community the warmest esteem. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 161 |ELLEDEU & MORGAN, Successors to J. Noyes & Co., Carpenters and Builders, No. 5 Province Court.— The general carpen- tering and building industry ot Boston has been developed to very extensive proportions, and employment is found in this Une for an immense raunber of workmen. One of the fo^-emost firms engaged in the trade is that ot Messrs. Belledeu & Morgan, whose offloe and workshop are centrally located at No. 5 Province Court. This house was founded some twenty years ago by J. Noyes & Co., and in 1889 the present proprietors came into the control, the co-partners being Messrs. C, H. Belledeu and C. R. Morgan. Mr. Belledeu is a native of Boston, a practical carpenter of long experience, and for ten years he was superintendent of J. Noyes & Co.'s estabhshment. Mr. Morgan was born in New Hampshire, has been a practical carpenter and builder for over twenty years, and is thoroughly famihar with all the requirements of his vocation. The premises occupied have dimensions of 85 X 75 feet, and are equipped with first-class machinery, operated by steam power, and employment is found for from forty to fifty experienced workmen. Messrs. Belledeu & Morgan execute carpentering and building in all their branches, also repairing and general job- bing. Among other contracts fulfilled by them was work on the Parker House, New Exchange Building on State Street, Hotel Bellevue, Beacon Hill Stable for Mr. Tufts. G. A. Plummer's store Washington Street; Estes & Lauriat's store, Washington Street; B. E. Bailey & Co.'s store, Winter Street; Jamieson & Knowles' store. Winter Street; Mellin's Food Exhibit at the Health Food Exposition, etc., etc. Estimates, plans and specifications are furnished, and all contracts awarded the firm, are carried through to satisfactory completion without delay. JOHN MACK, Jr., Mason and Builder, No. 28 Chapman Place.— An important position in the industrial world is occupied by the mason and builder, especially in a rapidly growing community such as Boston and its suburbs, which offer an unlimited field for operations in this line. One of the best known and most successful masons and builders in the city is Mr. John Mack, Jr., whose office is at No. 32 Chapman Place. Mr. Mack established his enterprise in 1885, having prior to that time had thor- ough experience in his line, for many years being an assistant to his father, Mr. John Mack, plasterer and stucco worker, who has been engaged in this line since 1835, and is the oldest representative of the industry in Boston. Mr. Mack, Jr., is prepared to furnish estimates and enter into contracts for the^ building ot foundations, masonry, brickwork, and the erection of buildings complete, employing a large force of workmen and possessing the most complete facilities for promptly and satisfactorily meeting all demands made upon his resources. Among important contracts fulfilled was the building of John S. Fogg's bank building at South Weymouth; the Unitarian Church at Norwood; Congregationalist Church, Union Square, Somerville; George W. Wood's organ works, Middleboro, Mass.; Jones & Co's. piano works. Fall River, Mass.; eighteen residences in the Back Bay district and many others. In every, instance the best of satisfaction has been expressed at the character of the work done, proving that the excellent reputation sustained by Mr. Mack has been fully earned. ORLEY BUTTON SEWING MACHINE CO., Manufacturers of Button Sewing Machines, Dealers in Buttons, Thread, Machine Supplies, Etc., Office, No. 205 Congress Street.— One of the important labor saving inventions of the age is the button sewing machine manufactured by the Morley Button Sewing Machine Company. This company was incorporated in 1881, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $500,000, and is offlced as follow, viz: J. P. Cook, president; J. F. Springfield, treasurer and general manager; W. E. Bennett, superintendent of construction. The company own all the Morley patents, and have recently commenced the manufacture of the Morley-Bennett button sewing machine, which is more durable and faster than any other, and has only a single line, instead of a double line stitch. There are numerous substantial reasons why manufacturers should fully test the utility and superiority of this machine. It is fully warranted against any defect in material, workmanship or performance; it is as easy to run as the ordinary sew- ing machine, does the work of half a dozen hand sewers, and sews the buttons much more strongly than can be done by hand. Nearly three hundred of the Morley machines are on the market, and wherever they are introduced a permanent and increasing demand for them is at once created. The company also deal in buttons, thread, machine supplies, etc., and is in a position to guarantee the prompt and perfect fulfillment of all orders. The president, Mr. Cook, is a member of the well-known brewing firm of Jones & Cook, of South Boston, and is also president of the Upper Coos Railroad . Mr. Springfield, the man- ager, is a native of New Hampshire, and a young man of large business experience and marked executive ability. The Board of Directors includes Jas. P. Cook, Hon. Frank Jones, Ex-Congressman from New Hampshire and president of the Boston & Maine Railroad; Col. Charles A. Sinclair, brewer and railroad directoi-, Portsmouth N. H ; Frank B. Dale, dealer in malt, hops, etc. ; E. H. Hutchinson, president ot the E. A. Mudge Shoe Co. ; W. W. Whi^ comb, treasurer of American Car Wheel Company; Charles P. Berry, superintendent of Portsmouth Shoe Company; Hon. Marcellus Eldredge, Ex-Mayor of Portsmouth, N. H. and James H. Morley, inventor and paper manufacturer. p^p^^O W. BAILEY & SONS CO., Wood Mantels, Mouldings and Building Trimmings (of all kinds, on hand and made to order,) l^^iil^^^jl No. 14 Charlestown Street.— The remarkable progress made of recent years in the line of wood mantels, mouldings, and building trimmings of all kinds, is best illustrated by the J. W. Bailey & Sons Co. This representative house was founded in 187.3, by Messrs. E. W. Bailey & Co., and in 1875 Messrs. J. W. and B. S. Bailey succeeded to the control, under the name and style of J. W. Bailey & Son, which was changed to J. W. Bailey & Sons in 1886, on the admission of Mr. W. L. Bailey to the firm. In 1888 Mr. J. W. Bailey died, after an honorable and successful business career, and the present company was then mcorporated, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital stock of $20,000, and with Edward S. Bailey, president; Wil- lard L. Bailey, treasurer; Joseph S. Parker, secretary. The premises occupied for trade purposes comprise a substantial six-story building, 25 X 150 feet in dimensions, with another in rear, and unsurpassed facilities are at hand for conducting all operations upon the largest scale. Without attempting any detailed description of the varied and valuable stock, it may be said that leading architects and builders prefer their woodwork for interiors to any other. It is not only more choice, better selected and seasoned, but it is also more artistic in workmanship, striking in design, and elaborate in finish. The trade and public have been again and again agreeably surprised by the fertility of design and great beauty of the new styles in mantels and mouldings here offered. Variety is the order of the day in architectural effort ; of a row of fine houses, no two are alike, and with mantels and other interior fittings the most original designs are sought for. and will certainly be found here. This is headquarters for the supply of the building trade throughout New England with all kinds of building trimmings, mouldings, door and window cases and brackets. The rarest inducements are offered both as to price and quality, and satisfaction is insured in every detail. The officers of the company are young men, but old in experience, having for years brought their abilities to bear to raise the stand- ard in their line, and have achieved a substantial success based strictly on merit. 163 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. H. WHITNEY & CO., Commission Brokers, No. 75 State Street.— One of the broadest fields presented in this city for the exercise of business talent and enterprise, is that of banking and brokering, and many of Boston's ablest business men are t this pursuit. The quotations from this market are eagerly watched iu all money centers by capitalists, specu- lators and others, and its operators are an influential factor in the financial world. One of the foremost and busiest commission brokers in the city, is Mr. R. H. Whitney, operating under the firm name of R. H. Whitney & Co., whose office is at No. 75 State Street. This gentleman began business in 1879^ meeting with signal success from the outset, owing to the energy and ability brought to bear in his operations, and he commands an extensive, active, and first-class patronage. Mr. Whitney is vice-president of the Boston Mining Stock Exchange, is in command of the most complete facilities for the secm-iug of the latest information of the stock market, and carries on general transactions in buying and selUng, on commission, government, municipal, railroad, water, electric light, gas, and mining bonds, also as an auctioneer of real estate and personal property, making a leading specialty of stocks, invest- ment securities and commercial paper. He is special agent for the sale of stock of the Union Manufacturing Company, the Cumberland and Osceola Gold Mining Company, Framingham Gas Company and others, which offer an excellent opportunity for dividend paying investments. All commissions are promptly carried out, and patrons' interests advanced in every possible way. Mr. Whitney, who is a native of Boston, is a live, public-spirited citizen, and thoroughly identified with the material progress of the community. J. WING COMPANY, Manufacturers and Conti-actors, Ventilating, Heating, Cooling, Electric Lighting and Drying Appa- ratus, O. E. Michell, Engineer, General Eastern Agent, No. 94 Pearl Street.— In addition to the great manufacturing enterprises carried on within her own limits, there are numerous important interests represented in Boston which help to swell its commerce and traffic. Prominent among the interests referred to may be named those of the ' L. J. Wing Company, manufacturers and contractors for ventilating, heating and cooling; electric lighting and dry. ing apparatus, Wing's disc fans and engines, ^ectric motors and dynamos, water motors and gas engines, etc., whose main office is located at No. 126 Liberty Street, New York; with headquarters for New England at No. 94 Pearl Street, in this city. This agency was established in 1889, under tne management of Mr. O. E. Michell, who was with the New York house for several years previously, and is an expert ventilating and heating engineer of large experience and established reputation. The L. J. Wing Co. is especially noted for the manufacture of Wing's Disc Fans, High Speed Engines, Regan Gas Engines, Dynamos and Elec- tric Motors, Dake Steam Engines and Dynamo Combination. They are prepared to make plans and specifications for ventilating, heating, refrigerating or tempering of any kind, and for removing dust, smoke, gases, heat, steam, odors from trying kettles, acids from dripping tanks, etc. ; also for drying purposes, such as brick, lumber, wool, cotton, yarn, hats, cloths, grain, soap, glue, hides, leather, tobacco, whiting or other classes of goods. They also arrange buffers, lathes and polishing wheels for removing, or gathering and depositing valuable dust or metals, also removing dust and shavings from wood working shops. They have met with great success in cooling boiler, engine, dynamo^ or other rooms, restaurants and kitchens, removing flies, steam, odors, etc.; and they are now prepared to make plans and estimates for isolated electric lighting of private residences, stores, hotels, churches, schools, etc. There are very few mills or factories where Wing's Disc Fans cannot be used to advantage and profit for mechanical heating, ventilating, drying, cooling, i-emoving steam, dust, heat, gases, etc.; and among the thousands in use in the United States, Canada, England, Ireland, Scotland, Germany, France, Belgium, British India, etc., mention may be made of such prominent buildings and places as the U. S. Senate, Government Printing Office, Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Washington D. C; City Post Office, New York Stock Exchange, Union Club, Academy, of Design, Standard Theater, Lyceum Theater, Union League Club, Steinway Hall, Seventh Regiment Armory, St. Thomas Church, Delmonico's. Doris' Museum, Lion Brewery, Grand Union Hotel, Albemarle Hotel, Hotel Vendome, Continental Hotel, Union Square Hotel, Cosmopolitan Hotel, Hotel Metropole, the residences of Jay Gould, Cornelius Vanderbilt, and many others. New York City; N. E. Conservatory of Music, Comer's Commercial College, Endicott & Macomber's Insurance Office, Boston Thread and Twine Co., Boston Dyewood Co., Boston Lead Co., Fobes, Hayward & Co., Boston Rubber Car Spring Co., and many others, Boston, Mass. ; and Woodland Park Hotel, Auburndale, Mass., also Pacific Mills, Lawrence, Mass. have fifty-four Wing Fans in operation. Palmer House. Grand Pacific Hotel, Columbia Theater, Union League Club, University 'Club, Marshall Field & Co., Chicago, 111.; Bellevue Hotel, Bingham House, Windsor Hotel, Hotel Lafayette, Colon- nade Hotel, Jno. Wanamaker, Strawbridge & Clothier, Manufacturers' Club House, Philadelphia, Pa.; Cooley's Hotel, Springfield, Mass., Brookline Canning Co., Brookline, Mass. ; and the leading cotton mills, paper mills, and other industries of New England. Orders by tele phone, Boston 3079, by telegraph or mail, are given immediate attention by Mr. Michell, and branch houses are also operated at Nos. 96 Lake Street, Chicago, No. 45 N. Seventh Street, Philadelphia, Pa. In every branch of its extensive business, the L. J. Wing Company is in a posi- tion to challenge comparison as to quality of service, reliabillity of goods and liberality of terms, and is justly regarded as the leader in its special field of usefulness. j|TNARD'S LINIMENT M'F'G COMPANY, No. 273 Commercial Street.— Among the many curative agents which are now be- fore the public, there is none which possesses greater merit than " Minard's Liniment," the " King of Pain" which is used in all parts of Canada, the United States, Newfoundland, Bermuda, South America, and the West Indies. This liniment was first made over thirty years ago by Dr. Minard, of Nova Scotia, a skilled and popular physician, and it has since come into general use. The preparation is now manufactured by the Minard Liniment Manufacturing Company, of No. 273 Com- mercial Street. The business was established in 1883 by Nelson & Co., and, in 1891, was incoi-porated under the state laws of Maine, the officers being: President, Wm. J. Nelson; secretary and treasurer, O. W. Nelson, nephew of the former. Both gentlemen are natives of Nova Scotia, and are business men of energy, ability, and progressive principles. The premises occupied for office and factory comprise a four-story building, 35 x 75 feet in dimensions, excellently equipped, while employment is found for fifteen experienced hands. Four salesmen represent the house on the road. Minard's Liniment is a specific for the allaying of inflammation, and cure of aches and pains of all kinds. A trial is sufficient to prove its efficacy. The hniment ^vill be found on sale at all druggists, and U should be in every household. W. AMORY, Cotton Buyer, No. 40 Water Street.— An old-established and thoroughly reliable house engaged in cotton buying for New England mills is that of Mr. G. W. Amory, located at No. 40 Water Street. His office, which is room No. 48 in the Simmons Building, is connected by wire with the principal cotton centers and he has the best facilities and connections with the southern cotton market, thus enabling him to fill the largest orders promptly and at short notice. He is from long experience in the business, a recognized authority on all grades of cotton and a test by him is sufficient to fix the standard and value of any particular lot. Mr. Amory has been successfully engaged in this business since 1866. and personally super- vises every detail. He is thoroughly reliable and responsible and is largely patronized by the mill-owners of New England, by whom he is held in high esteem. He is a native of Massachusetts and a resident of Boston, and well-known and highly esteemed in business circles. Large buyers will consult their own interests by placing their orders with this reliable house. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATURE. 163 (JHEELER & CUHMINGS, Manufacturers and Designers of Boot and Shoe Patterns, No. 105 and 111 Summer Street.— A relia- ble firm of manufacturers and designers of boot and shoe patterns in this city, is that of Messrs. Wheeler & Cummings, located at Nos. 105 and 111 Summer Street, whose trade is large and fast increasing, and reaches in a great measure throughout the New England States, as well as in a somewhat smaller volume to remoter parts of the Union. The enterprise was initiated In 1886, by Messrs. Damon and Cummings, who were succeeded three years ago by the present firm, compo.sed of Mr. E. P. Wheeler and Mr. F. A. Cummings; both of whom are not only thoroughly practical men in this line but also possessed of unusual abihty as designers in this line, and are also posessed of unusual ability as designers, which they have employed with marked effect in the development of. the business. The workrooms are on the fifth floor at the address noted, and are wellequipped with every facility for boot and shoe pattern making, and a force of competent workmen are kept steadily engaged, assisting the proprietors in the many duties which devolve upon the house. Mr. Wheeler is a native of Massachusetts and a resident of Rockland, while Mr. Cummings was born in Maine and lives at Hyde Park. ] ANIEL PRATT'S SON, Importer and Dealer in Foreign and American Clocks and Clock Materials, No. 34 Hawley Street.— The house now so successfully conducted under the name of Daniel Pratt's Son, at No. 34 Hawley Street, enjoys a high reputation as extensive importers and wholesale dealers in foreign and American clocks and clock materials. The business was founded in 1832, by Mr. Daniel Pratt, at Reading, Mass., and in 1846 he came to Boston, locatiug originally on Union Street, and early won a wide reputation. Mr. Pratt Sr. died in March, 1871. after an honorably suc- cessful career, and his son, Mr. D. F. Pratt, continued the business under the present name and style until 1889, wTien he admitted his son, Mr. F. W. B. Pratt, to partnership. As thus constituted, the house brings to bear the widest range of practical experience, important and influential connections both at home and abroad, and vigorous ability and enterprise in every feature of its management. They are recognized as large importers of clocks, making a leading specialty of English hall clocks, and are also prominent as dealers in Waterbury Clock Company's and E. Ingraham Clock Company's goods. Their house is headquarters for clocks, bronzes, orna- ments and clock materials of every description, and is a popular source of supply, not only for leading retailers throughout New England, but also for the best classes of society in Boston and vicinity who are in search of the rare, the unique and the antique. The management is constantly on the alert to add something of value to the vast and varied assortment, and no house in the country is better prepared to minister successfully to the demands of patrons in its special field. Its commercial relations are wide-spread and its facilities for procur- ing supplies are unequalled. The Messrs. Pratt are Massachusetts men, born and bred; trained in this branch of industry from their youth up, winning success by honestly deserving it. jEAVITT & CO., Hill's Champion Cooker, the Victor Roaster and Baker, the Victor Broiler and Frying Pan, No. 149 Pearl St.— Messrs. Leavitt & Co. are the sole owners and manufacturers of the Victor Roaster and Baker, for roasting meats, game and poultry, and baking bread, cake, pudding, beans, etc. ; also, of the Vicl h Broiler and Frying Pan, smokeless and odorless, entirely new, and " the pride of the kitchen"; while they are especially prominent as geijeral agents for Hill's Champion Cooker. This cooker, formerly called Leavitt's, is warranted steamless and odorless or money refunded. It is the only per- fect steamless and odorless cooker on the market. It has an iron base, with tin extension top, so that there is no melting or rusting out of the bottom, while it has a tube which takes all the surplus steam and odor arising from cooking and carries it into the stove and up the chimney. The cover and extension top are set in grooves into which uater is put, thus making a water-joint which makes the cooker absolutely steam tight. It matters not what one is cooking, they get no steam or odor in the house. Its other advantages are that the price is about one-half that of others; it is more durable; you get a greater intensity of heat, food is cooked quicker, tough meats are made more tender, the nutritious elements are saved, and there is no loss by evaporation. It is also more easily handled and kept in order, will save one-third the fuel, and will pay for itself in a short time. In fact, it is one of the most practical and useful household inventions ever offered to the public. They have already over one hundred agents employed, who are doing a lucrative business, and the trade extends to all parts of the United States, being particularly large and active throughout New England. Mr. Albert Leavitt, the proprietor, is a native of Maine, in the prime of life, energetic, enterprising and painstaking in his business methods, thoroughly reliable and responsible in all his dealings, and worthy of every trust and confidence. HITMORE & ROBINSON, Consulting Electrical Engineers, No. 133 Essex Street,— The universal adoption of the electric light, electric motors and electrical appliances in general, has rendered the profession of the electrical engineer one of steadily growing importance. A leading firm in Boston engaged in this line of business is that of Messrs. Whitmore & Robinson, whose office and laboratory are at No. 133 Essex Street. This firm was organized in 1891, by Messrs. George A. Whitmore of Boston, and Lewis T. Robinson of Lynn. Both gentlemen have had thorough, valuable experience in their vocation, and possess an expert knowledge of all its branches. Mr. Whitmore was connected with the German Edison Gesellschaft of Munich, Bavaria, and also with the Thomson-Houston Electric Co. ; while Mr. Robinson was with the Thomson-Houston Company in an important capacity, having charge of their laboratory at Lynn, Mass., for several years. The premises occupied as office and laboratory have an area of 1,200 square feet, and are equipped with all requisite apparatus, while four competent assistants are given constant employ- ment. Messrs. Whitmore & Robinson personally superintend affairs and carry on a general business as consulting electrical engineers. Plans and estimates are fm-nished for complete installations for lighting and power, and all kinds of electrical tests made. The firm publish a neat httle book, treating of electric lighting, electric transmission of -power, wiring of buildings, estimates, plans and superintendence, testing, purchasing, prices, etc., and copies are furnished gratis. The firm are reasonable in their charges, and they guarantee satisfaction on all work that passes through their hands. 164 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. V'CKOFF, SEAMANS & BENEDICT, Remington Standard Typewriters and Supplies of Every Kind, No. 15 School Street.— The name of Remington will ever be indissolubly linked with the invention and perfection of the typewriter, while the present manufacturers and proprietors, Messrs. Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict, are justly celebrated for the intelligent spirit of enterprise manifested in meeting the wants of the public. The New England agency for the sale of the Remington, is located at No. 15 School Street, under the general management of Mr. H. V. Rowell, who took charge of the agency here in 1883. He keeps in stock a full line of machines , together with the necessary furniture and supplies, and his sales average about fltteen himdred machines per year. The Remington is recognized as the standard by all expert operators, having every perfection, the greatest speed, most unerring legibility, and embraces patented devices which are essential to the perfect wi-iting machine and found in no other make. A typewriter is needed in every ofBce. The Remington work is so regular, legible and handsome as to render it an absolute necessity, while it saves both time, money and worry. The expert operator on the Remington typewriter has a certainty of steady employment, and there is no better opening for the young lady or youth. Quite one hundred thousand of these machines are in use to-day and branch ofdces are in operation by the raanutactui-ers in the cities of Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, St. Louis, Baltimore, Washington, Cincinnati, St. Paul, Cleveland, Kansas City, Minneapolis, Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, Indianapolis, Denver, London, Liver- pool, Birmingham, Manchester, Paris and numerous other cities, while the goods they manufacture are sold by local dealers to all parts of the world. Mr. Rowell, the manager in Boston, is a thoroughly practical expert as regards typewriting, and an enterprising, reliable and progressive business man. jl OHN C. PAIGE, Insurance Agency, No. 30 Kilby Street.— The largest business in insurance in Boston, is transacted by the agency of Mr. John C . Paige. The growth of this house has been something phenomenal. Mr. Paige started in business in 1873, in a very small way, as New England agent for the Franklin Fire Insurance Company of Philadelphia. He had a small ofHce on Exchange Place at that time, and employed one clerk. He continued to lengthen and strengthen his stakes, enlarge his commercial relations and expand his popularity with all classes of the community year by year, until he has gained a pre-eminence in the insurance world of which he has every reason to be proud. He now occupies an entire five-story and basement building, 40 x 80 feet in dimensions, for office purposes and gives employment to about sixty clerks therein. Each floor of the building has its special uses and departments, being finished in first-class style, provided with steam heat, electric lights and passenger ele- vator, and forms the finest insurance office in the city. Mr. Paige is resident manager for the United States branch of the Imperial Fire Insurance Company, of London ; and the City of London Fire Insm'ance Company, of London ; manager for the Eastern States tor the Michi- gan Fire and Marine Insurance Company, of Detroit; and local agent for the Orient,-of Hartford; the Fire Association, and the Mechanics of Philadelphia. The officers and managers of these powerful corporations have entire confidence in the judgment and reliability of Mr. Paige, and he is therefore enabled to secure equal and exact justice to all parties in interest when a loss occurs, and he possesses unusually fine facilities for placing large lines of insurance on mills, factories, churches, school-houses, business blocks, stocks of merchandise and private dwellings at remarkably low rates. He is now issuing upwards of 150,000 policies per year, while his success has been honestly won and is well deserved. Mr. Paige is an honored member of the National Board of Fire Underwriters, the Boston Board of Fire Underwriters, the Boston Merchants Association, and various social clubs; still in the early prime of life; an expert underwriter and adjuster, and a wide- awake, reliable, progressive business man. jEO. C. APPLETON, Real Estate Broker, No. 27 State Street.— This gentleman has been established in business here for the past twenty-four years, and his long experience renders him eminently competent to cope with all public questions affecting the interests of owners of real property, while he enjoys a high repute as an authority upon values within the corporate lim- its, and makes a specialty of handling Roxbury realty. The history of the rise and progress of this section of the city shows that wise and prudent investments made in real estate ultimately yield a more certain and reasonable profit than any other form of investment. Mr. Appleton has long enjoyed an important connection therein, including among his permanent patrons many leading capitalists, investors and property owners, and carrying through to a successful issue many heavy and important transactions. He has upon his books full descriptions of houses, lots and business blocks for sale or rent, including many rare bargains. The influential character of his clientage attests how implicitly he is trusted. He possesses unsurpassed facilities for the prompt negotiation of loans on bond and mortgage, takes the entire management of estates, collects rents and transacts a general brokerage business. Mr. Appleton is a native Bostonian. I OSBPH SQUIRE & CO.,Wholesale Dealers in Pork, Lard, Hams, Etc., Nos. 35, 37, 39 and 41 North Street.— Among the extensive houses engaged in the provision trade of Boston, none are better or more favorably known than that of Joseph Squire & Co., whose business quarters, running from Nos. 35 to 41 North Street, cover a space of 50 x 100 feet. This popular house was founded in 1865 by the present proprietors, Messrs. Joseph Squire and C. W. Stetson, both of whom possess an expert knowledge of the provision trade in all its branches, and the success they have met with is easily seen in the immense trade which they have built up all throughout New England. The firm employ twenty-flve experienced hands, and carry on gen- eral transactions as wholesale and retail dealers in pork, lard, hams, tripe, sausages, pig's feet, and extra lard oil, di'ied beef and beef tongues, butter, eggs and cheese, making a leading specialty of pure leaf lard and sugar cured hams. None but the very best goods in these lines are handled, and to know that an article comes from the house of Joseph Squire & Co., is to know that it is the best the market affords. An immense stock is carried in all seasons, from which all orders, however large or small, are promptly and satisfactorily filled at lowest prices. Mr. Squire is a native of Vermont, has resided in Boston for many years, and has now attained an advanced age, but is still a vigorous, active, business man, highly respected by all who know him. Mr. Stetson was born in Massachusetts, is a middle-aged gentleman, a pro- gressive, popular, wide-awake merchant, and he is thoroughly identified with the best business and social interests of the community. IGHT BROTHERS, Importers, Exporters and Dealers in Furs and Skins, Nos. 70 and 72 Chauncy Street.— This establishment was founded by the Messrs. Wight in 1867, and in 1672 their business quarters were destroyed in the great fu-e of that year, when they were located on Summer Street. In November, 1889, they again had the misfortune to be burned out, at their present address this time, but they immediately set about rebuildmg, and on January 1, 1891, again moved back here. The 1)1 building occupied is a fine five-story structure, of spacious dimensions, and admirably fitted up throughout. The Messrs. ■^ Wight are Importers, exporters and wholesale dealers in furs and skins of every variety, receivingthem from all parts of the United States and Canada, and they supply a large and active demand. The members of the firm are Messrs. Lewis, J. Franklin and Almon Wight, a fourth brother. Mr. Freeman Wight, having retired in 1886. These gentlemen are natives of Maine, have long resided in Boston, and as merchants they sustain a first-class, highly honorable reputation. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 165 1867. FORT ^ HILL BOSTON, MASS. 1892. HIGH STREET BRIDGE, OVER OLIVER HIGH STREET, COR. OLIVER. Then * anD * noW. 4NY years ago, by the big fireplace in the great kitchen, sat grandmother, patiently spinning the cotton and wool wherewith to be clothed; and out in the shed Stephen, Jonathan and Jedediah, with their hands in their pockets, watched grandsire mis and stir the lead, oil and color, with which to paint the neat and hospitable home. These times and customs are now long since passed, and progress has not alone been partial to grandma by supplying the shuttle and the loom, but has also furnished grandpa with a paint-mill, wherein his paint can be more easily mixed and finely ground than by the old-fashioned method, and through, many of these years of change, always striving to keep head to head with the latest improvements, always willing to test that which is new and make use of that which is best, the firm of Cliarles Kicliardson & Co., importers, manu- facturers and dealers in paint, oil and rarnish, has passed. Previously connected with a standard paint and oil concern in Boston, Mr. Richardson assumed the management in 1857 and adopted the present firm name. He has not only a local reputation, being the founder of the New England Paint and Oil Club, but is also known as the first president of the National Paint, Oil and Varnish Association. Mr. B. Edson Fish, who is well-known among the traveUng salesmen of New England, was afterwards admitted to partnership and also Mr. Frank L. Watson, who has long been identified with the firm. "The best for the price" has always been their motto, and among their standard commodities may be cited,— Wheeler's Patent Wood Filler, Breinig's Lithogen Silicate Paste Paint, Silicate Flour Paint, oil and water stains; Crockett's Spar Composition and Wood Preservative; Charles Turner & Son's genuine English Varnish and coach-makers' gold-size; F. W. Devoe & Co.'s coach and car colors, and fine varnishes; Moser's liquid carriage paint and tube colors; the products of the Linoide Manufac- turing Company; Plastico, a permanent wall-coating; Windsor Ready-mixed Paints and Whiting's brushes. The present home of the firm is at Nos. 147 and 149 High, and Nos. 85 and 89 Oliver Streets. Here the large granite warehouse has ample accommodation for the complete and well-selected stock of painters' supplies always can-ied on hand, and is most pleasantly situated, facing Fort Hill Square. On this site, not a great many years since, stood one of Boston's landmarks, Fort Hill, with its fine old residences; when High Street, extending over its summit, was more appropriately named than at present. The accompanying cuts wiU perhaps give our readers a better idea than any words can do of the changes time has made in this vicinity. USTIN BIGELOW, Agent for the G. H. Hammond Co., Chicago Dressed Beef, Nos. 13 and 15 Clinton Market.— The trade in Chicago dressed beef has grown into a very important commercial interest in this market, and is steadily increasing in mag- nitude. Among those who are largely engaged in the trade in this article is Mr. Austin Bigelow, who is agent for the G. H. Hammond Company. This establishment is well equipped for the business, containing an immense refrigerator that holds forty tons of ice: and the facilities for transferring beef from the cars to the refrigerators are very complete. This house sells about one hundred head of cattle per week, and has a large local trade, exclusively wholesale. The business of this house was founded about 1840 by Messrs. N. & S. Jackson, with whom Mr. Bigelow was associated for twenty-two years. Mr. N. Jack- son, the last of the firm, retired in 1880, and Mr. Bigelow became the sole proprietor. In 188-3 he commenced to handle beef for the G. H. Hammond Company. On July 2nd, 1890, he was burned out, but at once resumed active operations, Mr. Bigelow is a native of this State, a gentleman of middle age. and well-known in social as well as business circles. He is a member of the Masonic orders, being a Past Master of Bethesda Lodge and a Past High Priest of Cambridge Chapter, a member of the Royal Arcanum, and the Knights of Honor, and Past Post Com- mander of Post 93, G. A. R, His military career embraces three years' service during the late war. as a member of Co. G, 1st Mass. Volun- teers. He was taken prisoner at the battle of Blackbumsford, and remained in the enemy's hands for eleven months. Mr. Bigelow was also a member of the City Council from 1880 to 1882 and was for two years a member of the Board of Directors of Public Institutions. 166 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. fJUETIS M. BOBBINS, Paper Ruler, No. 13i Milk Street.—" Accurate work, prompt delivery and reasonable prices," is about all that can be desired at the hands of a paper ruling firm, and the deliberate claim of the firm of Mr. C. M. Robbins, of No. 12^ Milk Street, to be excelled in neither of these essential features, is one which it not only can, but really ought to be able to substantiate, since it possesses those primary factors, — a wealth of experience on the part of its controllings head, and a model plant. As to the former of these two factors, Mr. C. M. Robbins gained experience with the Thorp & Adams Manufactur- ing Co., and, prior to the inception of his present venture, on an independent basis, in April, 1888, was of the firm of Bobbins tt O'Brian for seven years; while the plant now provided consists of four modern and improved i-uling machines actuated by steam power. Under Mr. Bobbins' able and painstaking direction are four expert employees, and the liberality of the patronage accorded by the trade is such as to keep the machinery running at full speed, and the operatives briskly employed ; while the connection which has grown up in so short a period is one steadily expanding, in appreciation of the unqualifiedly satisfactory manner in which all orders are filled. Of middle age, the past eighteen years of Mr. Bobbins' life have been usefuUy spent in Boston, and have been productive for him of personal popularity as well as business success. He is a native of Littleton, Massachusetts. DAMS & CURTIS, Agents for Belding Bros. & Co., Sewing Silk, Etc., Nj. 30 Summer Street.— The great house of Belding Bros. & Co. is recognized as possessing the most complete and perfect facilities not only for the prosecution of an extensivg business, but Ukewise _<' ' r"^JJLJ"^« j» _ (or the manufacture of a quality of any in the world. The business had Conn., in 1862, the present stock com- under the laws of that state in 1888. one of the most remarkable successes goods of its manufacture now finding of the world. The house has long been by Messrs. Adams & Curtis, as agents carry a full and complete line of goods Summer Street, and supply jobbers, extent of their wants. The factories ville. Conn.; Northampton, Mass.; Cal. ; and Belding, Michigan. The twist, crochet and art silks, serges, all of which are of the highest order are the finest known, special care being and the after inspection and sorting goods. As a result the products prac- wherever introduced. A corps of ton house upon the road, and the nent in such New England centers as Lowell, Worcester, Springfield, Hart- Portland, Manchester, Bridgeport, ton, Gloucester, Lewiston, Pawtucket, Haverhill, Waterbury, Bangor, Woonsocket, Newport, Norwich, Norwalk, Concord, Nashua, Brockton, Augusta, Fitchburg, Northampton, Burlington, Rutland, St. Albans, Montpelier, Portsmouth, Dover, Attleboro. Maiden, Woburn, New London and Brattleboro. The agents, Messrs. C. E. Adams and C. Curtis, are Massachusetts men by birth and training, and highly esteemed in commercial and trade circles for their promptness, reliability and sterling traits of character. T. MEADER & CO., Dealers in Hides, Calf Skins, Wool Skins and Tallow, No. 281 Congress Street.— There is no house con- nected, with the trade in hides and calf skins in Boston that bears a batter reputation, or commands a more desirable patronage than that of J. T. Meader & Co., who are located at No. 281 Congress Street. This reputable concern was J founded in 1876 by the brothers, G. H. and J. T. Meader, who continued together until 1884, when the partnership was dis- solved, and the enterprise has since been under the sole control of Mr. J. T. Meader, who has adopted the firm name of J. T. Meader & Co. The premises used for the industry comprise a store 43 x 160 feet in dimensions, and every convenience has been provided for the handling and storage of stock. A heavy stock is at times carried of salted hides, calf skins, wool skins and tallow, and all demands of the trade are met in a prompt and satisfactory manner. The ample resources of the establishment enable it to offer better Inducements than could be afforded by concerns less favorably situated, and orders are filled at terms it would be difficult to duplicate. Mr. Meader is a native of New Hampshire, has long resided in Boston, and he has won an excellent name in commercial circles for business ability and equitable methods. goods unequaled by its start at Bockville, pany being organized From a modest beginning has resulted in the history of the country, the a ready sale in all the leading markets represented in Boston, and since 1882 for the New England States. They at their spacious salesrooms. No. 30 retailers and manufacturers to the full of the company are located at Bock- Montreal, Canada; San Francisco, output embraces sewing silk, machine surahs, braids and fine silk hosiery, of excellence. The materials used taken in the selection of the raw silk before being manufactured into tically supplant all similar goods talented salesmen represent the Bos- trade is brisk, influential and perma- Boston, Providence, New Haven, ford, Lawrence, Lynn, Fall River, Salem, New Bedford, Holyoke, Taun- |OHN CAMPBELL, Commission Merchant, No. 173 State Street.— The business of handling good products upon the basis of a commission is one of the representative industries of the city of Boston; as it is, indeed, of every important center of popula- tion in the Union. Conspicuous among the more prominent and reputable of those engaged in the business stands the name of Mr. John Campbell, of No. 173 State Street, which gentleman has been established at his present quarters since 1882; the initial embarkation in business having taken place fifteen years ago in St. Louis. Mo. Mr. Campbell is a commission agent in flour, grain and feed, his specialty being barley. He is agent for James Bichardson & Sons, of Kingston, Ont., and F. Kraus & Co., of Milwaukee, prominent barley houses. His connection is of extensive magnitude and embraces within its confines the better class brewers and malsters of the section, whose trade he solicits. During the past five years Mr. Campbell's acquaintance with the brew, ery trade of Boston has been very intimate, and he is in a position to supply their wants intelligently and at lowest market rates. In proof of his ability to do so we add the names of firms which he represents: for Canadian barley, James Bichardson & Sons, Kingston, Ont. : Western barley, F. Kraus & Co., Milwaukee, Wis.; white corn meal and grits, Chicago Hominy & Milling Company, Chicago, 111.; grape sugar and glucose, etc., Chicago Sugar Refining Company; New York State barley, H. V. Burns, Buffalo, N. Y. Mr. Campbell has a very heavy trade in the products of the Chicago Hominy & Milling Company in white corn meal and grits, which are in large and increas ing demand throughout all the New England States for their fine quality and nutritious elements. The gentleman handles goods in car- lots, and he ships direct, his reputation for promptitude, probity and precision being highly enviable. Mr. Campbell is by nationality a Scotchman, and his individuality discloses a number of those admirable national qualities which find so congenial a field for development in this country. He rejoices in the full possession of those adjuncts to middle-age-energy, perseverance and farsightedness; and hedemands, as a right, the respect of a^l with whom he has relations. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 167 AEMOUTH STEAMSHIP COMPANY, UMITED, J. F. Spinney, Agent, Pier No. 1, Lewis Wharf.— Tlie commercial greatness of Boston is largely due to her unexcelled natural and artificially improved facilities as a shipping port, and to the splendid lines of steamships which ply from hence to all parts of the world. The Yarmouth Line, operated by the Yarmouth Steam- ship Company, Limited, is the shortest, cheapest and moSt pleasant route between Boston and Nova Scotia and Cape Breton. One of its fast and popular steamers will, until further notice, leave Lewis Wharf, Boston, every Monday, Tuesday, Thurs- day and Friday at 12 M. during the summer months, and during the winter months every Tuesday and Friday at same hom'i for Yarmouth, N. S., connecting at Yarmouth with Western Counties Kailway for Meteghan, Weymouth, Digby, Annapolis and all points in Nova Scotia and Cape Breton. The Nova Scotia Central Railway connects at Middleton for Bridgewater and Lunenburg. Returning, will leave Yarmouth every Tuesday, Wednesday, Friday and Saturday evenings, during the summer, and during the winter on Wednesday and Saturday evenings, after the arrival of trains from Bigby, arriving in Boston Wednesday, Thursday, Saturday, and Sunday, (summer; and winter, Thursday and Sunday, in time to make connections for New York and all points south and west. This line recommends itself to the merchant as being the shortest route between Nova Scotia and the United States, the passage between Yarmouth and Boston occupying only fifteen to seventeen hours; while to the tourist the route offers many attractions, passing, as it does, through the far-famed Annapolis Valley, the Garden of Nova Scotia, and the Land of Evangeline. The steamers Yarmouth, Boston, City of St. John and Dominion, operated on this line, are spacious and finely furnished, the state-rooms are thoroughly commodious, with every possible convenience that capital, experience and good taste can supply, while the cuisine is on the same liberal plan as all other appointments. Baggage is checked through, and through tickets and state-rooms can be secured in advance upon application to J. F. Spinney, agent, No. 1 Lewis Wharf; J. G. Hall & Co., No. 64 Chatham Street; Thos. Cook & Son, No. 332 Washington Street; and W. H. Eaves, Faiker House, in this city. The Yarmouth Steam- ship Company, Limited, was organized in 1885, under the laws of Nova Scotia, with a capital of $250,000, and with L. E. Baker, president and manager; W. A, Chase, secretary and treasurer. Both these gentlemen reside at Yarmouth, while the interests of the company in Boston are promoted by Mr. Spinney with energy, enterprise and decided success. M. COLBY & CO., Builders' and Cabinet Hardware, Nos. 94 & 96 Richmond Street.— The importance of Boston as a great purchasing point is forcibly illustrated by the existence of such houses as that of Messrs. Colby & Company, wholesale dealers in builders' and cabinet hardware, at Nos. 94 and 96 Richmond Street. This house was established in 1881, by Mr. W. M. Colby, and in 1890 the firm was re-organized by the admission of Mr. C. H. Kittredge to partnership. Mr. Kittredge, however, has recently retired and tlie business is now conducted by Mr. Colby solely. This gentleman brings to bear spe- cial qualifications, having had large practical experience in the business and enjoying perfected facilities and influential coimections. He has quickly achieved an enviable reputation for the superiority of the goods handled, and has laid broad and deep the foundations of what is bound to become a permanent and prominent mercantile factor in its line. The salesrooms are thoroughly spacious in size, and the stock is arranged conveniently in departments, and covers everything the trade needs or uses. It is a splendid stock and one that reflects the highest credit upon the good judgment of the firm, who have already become noted for a true spirit of enterprise in keeping with modern methods. Without attempting to describe this truly comprehensive stock, it can be stated that merchants can nowhere find a finer stock of builders' hardware to select from. Corbin's Improved Machine Locks are among the important specialties handled, while there are scores of other articles directly salable to the best class of hardware and house-furnishing trade. The business is broadly distrib- uted throughout all the New England States, and is rapidly increasing in volume and importance under the stimulating effects of distin- guished enterprise, business capacity of the highest order, and unremitting energy and industry. That these are the characteristics of the management is a fact generally recognized by the trade. Mr. Colby is a Massachusetts man by birth and training, and belongs to that class of energetic, wide-awake young business men in whose hands the continued development of this metropolis i-ests. |HE STATE STREET SAFE DEPOSIT AND TRUST CO., Exchange Building, No 53 State Street.— The safe deposit and trust companies not only receive money on deposit like banks, but also securities and other articles of value, and likewise rent safes in vaults, which are absolutely fire-proof. Being corporations, they never die. The latest accession, and a most important acquisition to this array of companies in Boston, is the State Street Safe Deposit and Trust Company, who occupy spacious and elegantly-appointed quarters at the above address. This company was duly chartered in 1891, with a capital of ®300,000, and a reserve liability of $300,000, and is officered as follows, viz: President, Moses Williams; vice-presidents, Frederic J. Stim- son, William L. Chase, Francis E. Sears; directors, Edward Atkinson, President Boston Manufacturers' Mutual Fire Insurance Company; William L. Chase, Messrs. H. & L. Chase, Merchants; Eliot C. Clarke, Treasurer Boott Cotton Mills; Gustav E. Kissel, Messrs. Kessler & Co., Bankei's, New York; Thomas O. Richardson, Messrs. Richardson & Dannie, Merchants; Royal E. Robbins. Treasurer Anaerican Waltham Watch Company; Josepli B. Russell, Treasurer Boston Wharf Company; Charles E. Sampson, Messrs. O. H. Sampson & Co., Commission Merchants; Francis B. Sears, Vice-president Third National Bank; Frederic J. Stimson, Messrs. Lowell. Stimson & Lowell, Lawyers; Arthur Wain Wright; Messrs. H. C. Wainwright & Co., Stock Brokers; Moses Williams, President Third National Bank; actuary and treasurer, Charles Lowell. This company undertakes the safe keeping of funds, takes entire charge of securities, collects and remits dividends, and gives special attention to foreign accounts. It is authorized by law to serve as trustee under will and as legal depository of trust funds and of money paid into court, while it acts as registrar or transfer agent of stocks and bonds, and as trustee for railroad and other corporations. Trust funds are invested, and titles thereto kept separate fron? the assets of the company; investments of money are made, and special facili- ties furnished for buying and selhng stocks and bonds in Boston and New York. Deposits are also received subject to check and interest allowed, and exchange is bought and sold on London, Paris, Berlin, and other leading cities of the continent, cable transfers are made, com- mercial credits are issued, and drafts are drawn on the following bankers: Messrs. Kessler & Co., New York, and Manchester, England; Glyn, Mills, Currie & Co., London; Brooks & Co., London; Societie Generale de Credit Industriel, Paris; Delbruck. Leo & Co., -Berlin; L. Behrens & Soehne, Hamburg. Safes of all desirable sizes are rented at reasonable rates, and the vaults are extensive, and are absolutely impregnable to burglars and indestructible by fire. For the accommodation of ladies who may become safe renters, special provision is made, and separate apartments are fitted up for their accommodation, while for the accommodation of box holders in the Third National Bank Safety Deposit Vaults, provision is made for the deposit of coupons, dividend orders, etc., with this company, without the necessity for passing into or through the public corridor, a matter which at once serves to note the complete arrangements made for patrons' com- fort. Wills are kept without charge, receipted for, registered and dehvered in strict accordance with instructions, and the interests of heirs when committed to this company's care are completely protected. The cash department is a thoroughly organized banking institution, affording everj" facility to depositors and patrons. Special deposits can be made, and certificates issued at rates of interest to be agreed upon. A thorough system of organization pervades every department, and the prompt and efficient manner in which this extensive busi- ness is transacted is in the highest degree creditable to the management. The president, Mr. Williams, is one of Boston's best-known citi- zens, long and honorably identified with the commercial growth and financial prosperity of the city. The actuary and treasurer, Mr. Lowell, has had an experience of seventeen years in the banking business, being formerly engaged therein at Bombay, India, and is a native Bostonian of wide acquaintance and high repute in social and business circles; while the board of directors presents an array of talent and solidity that commands the unbounded respect and confidence of the entire community. 168 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. |HE NATIONAL WEBSTER BANK, Congress, corner Milk Street.— One of the soundest and most thoroughly representative of Boston's financial institutions in every respect is the National Webster Bank. This bank was incorporated in 1853, as the Webster Bank, and was reorganized under the national banking laws in 1865. It has a capital of $1,500,000, and is offi- cered as follows, viz.: President, John P. Lyman; vice-president, John C. Palfrey; cashier, Charles L. Eiddle; directors: John P. Lyman, John C. Palfrey, H. H. Hurnewell, Wm. S. Houghton, of Houghton, Coolidge & Co., S. W, Marston, of Minot, Hooper & Co., Jos. S. Kendall, of Faulkner, Page & Co., Jos. A. Laforme, of Laforme & Frothingham, Henry Whitman, of Weston, Whitman & Co., Samuel Johnson, of C. F. Hovey & Co., Thomas Motley Jr., of Catlin & Co. and Francis A. Peters. These gentle- men are prominent and influential in business and finance, and are noted for their prudence and business sagacity. The stock of this bank has ever been a favorite with investors, two-thirds of its entire capital being held by banks and other savings institutions. Its lines of deposits are those of corporations and active merchants, while it discounts much of the most desirable commercial paper in Boston and its suburbs, its loans and discounts averaging upwards of $2,600,000; its investments have always been made with care and judgment, and its ventures of capital are at all times well secured. The report made September 25, 1891, shows the affairs of the National Webster to be in a thoroughly substantial and flourishing condition. Its surplus and profits then amounted to $337,596.73; individual deposits, $1,176,626.24; cash assets, $603,126 38; total resources, $3,059,217.17. Its principal correspondents are the Importers and Traders National, the American Exchange National and the National Broadway Banks, of New York; and the Girard National Bank, of Philadelphia, Interest, as may be agreed upon, is allowed on deposits, and collections on all available points are made on the lowest terms. President Lyman succeeded Mr. Francis A. Peters in his present position in 1890. Vice-president Palfrey was called to his present post in 1884. Cashier Riddle came into the bank in 1853, rising step by step by the force of merit until he attained his responsible office in 1878. IMERICAN DECORATIVE COMPANY, No. 116 Pearl Street.— The American Decorative Company, whose headquarters are at No, 116 Pearl Street, was incorporated in 1887, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $100,000, and is governed by the following board of directors, viz.: Edward S. Sears, president; Eliab Parker, treasurer; H. E. Sears, B. W. Cutler and F. K. Parker. The growth of this company has been in keeping with increased demand throughout the United States for the finest decorative effects, and that discriminating selection of the most perfect types of material and patterns that human skill and taste have been able to devise. The combination is most happily presented in the productions of this eminent house, whose leading specialty, "Lignomur," fully meets the popular want and amply satisfies the most cultivated taste. This is a sanitary wall and ceiling decoration, wholly composed of wood fiber, embossed in hollow relief, and when applied to the wall, forms a clean, durable and artistic covering, as lasting as the wall itself, and as handsome as though carved from solid timber. As " Lignomur " can be painted, stained, grained, varnished, shellacked or oil finished, precisely the same as if it were natural timber, and possesses the addi- tional advantage that it can be treated in distemper, or even with kalsomine, there is no limit to the phases of decoration to which it can be applied. Some of the patterns properly treated in oil colors cannot be distinguished at a few feet distance from the veritable and costly Cor- dova leathers, while by a different treatment the effects of carved oak, mahogany, old ivory or porcelain, can be perfectly simulated. In nat- ural wood treatments, it is being extensively used for the interior finish of railway cars by the Boston & Albany, and several other companies. " Lignomur " is made in white, for decoration upon the walls, and in several plain tints which require no decoration, but give the effect of moulded plaster; and the past season the company began the manufacture, by a new and original process invented by Mr. Sears, and pat- ented in the United States and Europe, of a line of decorated " l^ignomur " for which the distinctive title of " Cameoline Lignomur " has been adopted, and which gives in the fullest degree the elegant and tasteful effects sought by artistic decorators, at a very small cost. Its expense is less than that of any other artistic decoration, and it fully equals the best in beauty, while it surpasses all others in the essentials of strength, lightness, adhesiveness and non-inflammability. It is admirably adapted for the decoration of churches, theaters, pubhc halls, hotels, restaurants and private residences. The company has on hand a large and elegant assortment of friezes, wall fillings, borders, pan- els, dadoes, etc., in relief, which is light but strong and substantial, and admits of the application of any desired style of ornamentation. For the autumn season of 1891, the company brought out a hue of pressed papers, artistic in design and elegant in execution, which though less expensive and heavy than " Lignomur " and " Cameoline " are still very durable and strong, and which are sold at prices which wiU enable them to compete with the better classes of flat wall-papers. These goods are made in a variety of popular designs, and will meet the wants of a large class, who are able to appreciate artistic decorations, but find it necessary to economize in expenses. The American Decorative Company, through its London branch, the Embossed Wood Fiber Company, Limited, and various export houses, sup- plies its goods not only all over the United States, but in Europe, Australia, South Africa and the Spanish- American countries. SRYANT & STRATTON, COSIMERCIAL SCHOOL, H. E, Hibbard, Principal and Proprietor, No. 608 Washington Street.— The absolute necessity of a thorough commercial education for those who desire to succeed in the business world was never so imper- ative as it is to-day. The vital question to solve is as to the best school to attend. After a careful survey of the field we unhesitatingly pronounce the Bryant & Stratton Commercial School, of this city, as conducted under the proprietorship of Mr. H, E, Hibbard, to be one of the best in the United States, both as regards accommodations, scope and character of education imparted, and rapid progress made under a corps of practical and thorough instructors. This school was founded in 1860, by Messrs. Bryant and Stratton, and since 1868 has been under the direction of its 'present principal and proprietor. It has the finest school- rooms of the kind in America, centrally located at No. 608 Washington Street, and possessing all the modern improvements, beautifully lighted, perfectly ventilated, and carefully arranged and planned by the principal and competent architects. The management of the school rests entirely with the principal, who assumes the responsibility for its direction and discipline, and who is assisted by skilled educa- tors in every department of instruction. Its regulations permit the attendance of pupils of both sexes, affords individual instruction to each one, and guarantees the progress of every pupil independent of all others. The course of study is a perfect one, the most comprehensive of . any, and includes single and double entry book-keeping, expert commercial calculations, commercial arithmetic, commercial law, commer- cial correspondence, business handwriting, English grammar and composition, spellmg, lectures on the science of business, and practice instruction in the general office work of transportation, auctioneering, commission, agencies, brokerage and banking. Each commercial student passes through the business exchange department— a reflex of the great mercantile world, where he actually buys and sells, opens accounts, makes notes, draws drafts, makes out invoices and statements of account, and keeps a general set of books. Through such train- ing and discipline the student becomes actually conversant with the methods and forms of the business world, and being so well drilled in every branch of study when they pass the final examinations and receive their diploma they are ready to enter upon commercial life. The phonography and typewriting departments are among the necessary adjuncts to this school, and hundreds of young ladies and gentlemen have become proficient here, and are now earning good salaries as stenographers, secretaries and amanuenses. This institution has now a patronage much larger than any other private school in New England, Mr. Hibbard is still in the active prime of life, unflagging in his efforts to promote the interests of the school and the well-being of his scholars ; an enthusiast upon the subject of a business education, a member of the Business Educators' Association of America, and of high repute and standing in the educational and social world. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. BARTA & COMPANY, Printers, No. 148 High Street.— In the list of Boston houses representative of the high perfection to which the art of printing has attained, the establishment of L. Barta & Company bears a very reputable name among its contemporaries and the public, in consequence of the excellence of its productions and the liberal manner in which its business affairs are conducted. The inception of this concern dates back upwards of thirty years ago the projectors being [ * Prentiss & Deland, W. L, Deland afterwards becoming sole proprietor, and, some years, later the firm became W. L. Deland & Son. In 1880 the firm of Deland & Barta was organized, the copartnership existing up to 1887, when it was dissolved, Mr. Barta since continuing under the firm style of L. Barta & Co. The headquarters of the "Barta Press" are at No. 148 High Street, thp premises used being three floors, each 50 x 90 feet in dimensions, the fli-st being used as office and stockroom, the second as pressroom, the third as composing and job printing room. The place is equipped with steam power, ten cylinder and five job printing presses, and all the necessary type, appliances and machinery of the very latest and most improved styles required in the execution of first-class work, and employment is furnished to a force of seventy skilled printers, pressmen and assistants. The range of work includes book, newspaper, pamphlet and commercial job printing of every description, and every facility is possessed for the execution of satisfactory w^ork at shortest notice, while the scale of prices is of the most reasonable character. An important contract filled by the house this year was the printing of ; General B. F. Butler's work, entitled: " Butler's Book." Mr. Barta is a practical printer of sound experience, is a prominent member of the Master Printers' Club of Boston, and he can always be implicitly relied on to satisfactorily execute all work pertaining to his profession. C. PAZOLT & SON, Manufacturing Furriers, No. 92 Chauncy Street. -Probably the oldest established house of manufactur- ing furriers in Boston is the responsible firm of Messrs. T. C. Pazolt & Son, which was founded in 1840, by the present senior proprietor, Mr. T. C. Pazolt, who, seven years ago, admitted his son, Mr. L. C. Pazolt, into partnership; the firm name being then changed to its present style. This veteran undertaking enjoys a reputation for the uniformly excellent and reli- . * able quality of its furs, and for the style and high finish of the garments of its manufacture, the trade now reaching to all parts of the city, and to all the chief commercial centers throughout the New England States. The manufacture of seal and fur garments of all kinds constitutes the basis of the firm's operations, added to which are the storing and careful preservation of valu- able furs, dyeing and cleaning in all their branches. The premises consist of four spacious floors, which are well appointed throughout; a staff of twelve competent assistants being regularly engaged. The worthy senior partner, Mr. T. C. Pazolt, is a native of Vienna, Austria, and is, himself, a practical furrier of a ripe experience; his residence being in Boston; while his son, Mr. L. C. Pazolt, was bom in this city. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. A, SWIFT & SON, Wholesale Manufacturers and Paper Dealers, No. 33 Exchange Street.— The eminently prosperous manufacturing house owned and controlled by Messrs. M. A. Swift & Son, of No. 33 Exchange Street, was founded some twenty years ago, the present location being the original address. Messrs. Swift & Son are large manufacturers of toilet papers, and wholesale dealers in paper; and the reputation of the house for high class quality is the envy and admiration of the trade. The couuection extends throughout the New England as well as Middle and Southern States, and as far west iz Nebraska and south as Texas. The specialty of the concern is toilet paper, which is manufactured by this house from machines made from their own special designs. The founder of the business was Mr. M. A. Swift, who, for some time subsequent to his orig- inal effort, prosecuted his endeavors upon the highway of trading alone, eventually forming an alliance with his son, Mr. Varnum Swift, which resulted in the partnership name under which the business is conducted to-day. During the course of the present year the originator of the house retired from the business, leaving his son, M. Varnum Swift in sole control. The store premises occupied by Messrs. Swift & Son comprise a floor and basement well located, equipped and managed, besides spacious storage lofts at Old Fort Hill Square, and an able staff of employees is maintained. Mr. M. Varnum Swift is a native of Boston and although a young man, handles the business of this house with remarkable shrewdness and push. He is a prominent member of the Boston Paper Trade Association and other social orders. F. CLARK & CO., Boston Yacht Agency, No. 43 Milk Street.— This firm are deservedly prominent and popular as yacht designers, naval architects, brokers and commission merchants, and have built up a reputation and a trade world-wide in extent and eminently creditable in character. The business was originally established in 1879, by Mr. George F. Clark, and in 1886, the present firm was organized by the admission of Mr. Jefferson Borden to partnership. They have at all times a » fine line of steam and sailing yachts for sale and charter, while their facilities for designing, modeling and supervising the building of yachts of all classes, both sail and steam, are unsurpassed. The firm are the designers of the following yachts, viz.: M. F. Swift, Mermaid, Marguerita, Sharon, Composite, Kuma, Eureka, Jester, Siren, Caribou, Mina, Fulmar, Lance, Rene, and others; while in addition to their own large list of yachts, they are also able to place before yachtsmen a choice absolutely unexcelled. Boat owners will find no other medium equal to this agency for placing their yachts before customers. Keel schooners, center-board schooners, keel sloops, center-board sloops, cat boats, etc., are to be found here for sale and charter; also, ships' bells, clocks for yachts, marine clocks of all kinds, barometers, engine-room clocks, and clocks of specially appropriate designs for prizes. This firm are also sole New England agents for Wilks' Ventilators; "The Rudder," a monthly journal of aquatic sport; the Alaska Down Life Saving Cushions; and supply the Humane Society wiih life saving apparatus. Mr. Clark is a native of Brooklyn,- N, Y., and an experienced sailor; a licensed pilot and master, a member of the South Boston Yacht Club, and honored and esteemed by his fellowmeu in all the various relations of life. Mr. Borden is a scientific and successful marine architect of thirty-two years' experience, and also a practical yachtsman, who has a founda- tion understanding of all the requirements in a yacht, whether for speed or cruising. IRSON TRENCH MACHINE CO., No. 16 Dorrance Street, Charlestown District.— Since 1879 there has been in use in American cities a device for excavating and filUng trenches for waterworks and sewers which makes possible the carrying on of such works without interrupting or hindering the traffic on public streets. In this respect the invention has been a thorough suc- cess; but it has besides this merit so many other good qualities that it has met with the undivided approval of prominent engineers and practical men who are experienced on this class of public work; and it has been permanentiy used in all cities where this work is carried on to any extent. It is well-known that the blocking of streets so frequently occasioned by drain- age enterprises causes great annoyance and many justifiable complaints. These have ceased in a great measure wherever Mr. Carson's invention for lifting and transporting material has been adopted. Before detailing the advantages of this method as compared with any other, a description of its working follows: An essential featm-e consists in the fact that the handling of the excavated material is accom- plished exclusively by the means of tubs. Four or any othei* desired number of these tubs are filled by men in the trench, raised up simultaneously, moved horizontally as far as required, and finally emptied by tilting them at the proper place over the completed work, the surplus material being dumped into carts for removal. As soon as the tubs are emptied they are moved back to their original starting-place, let down into the trench and at once replaced by other tubs which were being filled while the former ones were on their way. Each tub when raised to the proper place is automatically held suspended from a carrier or traveler running on a hanging way or track. The latter is fastened to the upper cross-pieces of a series of trestles. These are constructed so that the space needed for the movement of the tubs is brought high enough to allow the operations connected with building the work to be carried on unhindered below, and to admit of pedes- trians, teams, and even horse cars passing through when desirable. Four or six of these carriers are usually united in a group and generally two such groups are in motion simultaneously. The groups are connected with each other fore and aft by a draft rope arranged so that they ^ move in opposite directions. Each group has a forward draft rope from which branch off the ropes for lifting the tubs. These tub ropes run over pulley wheels in the carriers, the latter being arranged at a regular distance, usually eight feet, from each other. Each group has its separate track to run on. Two of these upper tracks or ways are sufficient in most cases, any desired capacity being obtained by increasing the number of tubs and carriers in a group. Only for very broad trenches are more than two of these suspended tracks provided, and on the other hand a single one is considered sufficient for trenches below five feet in clear width. The same power that raises the filled tubs also moves them horizontally without necessitating any rehanging or shifting of the tubs. On the contrary they remain securely attached to the same rope's-end from the moment they leave the trench until they return thither, a circumstance which adds materially to the safety of the laborers working below. As a source of power, a steam engine of the common double drum friction hoisting type is used as a rule, though other suitable means of power to raise them can be substituted and the tubs have been run back by gravity. The construction of the support- ing framework is varied to suit the circumstances accompanying the work, and it all, including the part carrying the engine, is supported on wheels which run on ordinary '' tee " rails. This makes it easy to move the whole machine quickly by its own power over a new section ■when the adjoining one has been sufficiently excavated. The advantages which Mr. Carson's device has shown itiself to possess in practice may be resumed as follows: 1. The advantage to public traffic resulting from its not obstructing streets for teams and pedestrians. 2. The benefits arising from an easy, safe and economical method of carrying on the work, the processes of excavating and backfilling and loading teams with the surplus being confined within limits but little broader than the trench itself. The cost of handling the material is less than by any other method, on work of any amount from the surface down to any depth to which such work is carried. This expense increases very little if any with the depth of cutting. The work of each laborer is regulated so that all must do their proper share of the woi'k, method and compactness being given to all operations. Condensed froiu the report of the Engineer Attach^ of the Imperial German Legation to the United States. The patents covering the above invention are owned by the Carson Trench Machine Company, who have recently acquired a piece of land bordering on the Eastern and Western divisions of the Boston and Maine, and Grand Junction branch of the Boston and Albany railroads- A railroad switch enters the yard, and the company has greater facilities than ever before for furnishing suitable machines for any work to which they are adapted. Their machines are rented in any of the United States to responsible parties, including engines when desired. The company is managed by Joseph N. Drew, C. E., and their office is situated at No. 16 Dorrance Street, Charlestown. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 171 HAPMAN & SOBEN, Manufacturers of Roofing and Paving Materials, Nos. 112 and 116 Water Street.— The leading headquar- ters iu Boston for roofing and paving materials is the estabhshment of Chapman & Soden, located at Nos. UIJ and 116 Water Street. This firm enjoy a reputation and a trade national in extent, and eminently creditable in character as manufacturers of roofing and paving materials, water-proof sheathing and carpet-lining felt ; and as dealers in every description of naval stores, ship chandlery, oils, japan and varnish. The business was established in 1866, by Messrs. Chapman & Soden. In 1868 Mr. Chapman died, since which date Mr. A. H. Soden has continued the business as sole proprietor under the original fii-in name. The factory, yards and warehouse are located at Chelsea, where the best possible facilities are possessed for rapid and perfect production, while the salesrooms in this city are spacious in size and give ample accommodations for supplying the most extensive demand The leading specialties for which this house is noted are " Beaver Brand " roofing felt; "Star" rozin-sized sheathing, otherwise known as the "Contractors' Favorite" ; asbestos sheathing for lining buildings, refrigerators, between wood floors, covering steam pipes, hot-air fiues, etc.; "Tomb Brand" noiseless, deadening felt ; also, coal tarred and pine-tarred sheathing paper, roofing pitch and composition, bright and black varnish, tar and pine dead-oil, and two and three-ply roofing felt. One pound of their " Star " sheathing will cover twenty square feet of surface, and it is guaranteed to contain 800 square feet in each roll, as it is yard-marked all through. Orders by telephone No. 3012, by telegraph or mail, receive immediate and careful attention, and the trade, which is exclusively wholesale, extends throughout the United States and Provinces. Mr. Soden is a Massachusetts man by birth and training, a well-known member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, and an expert and successful manufacturer, who well deserves his great popularity and prosperity. OS. WM. SMITH & CO., Manufacturers of Suspenders, Shoulder-Braces, Etc., No. 109 Kingston Street.— The universal use of those indispensable articles of male attire, suspenders, and the steady demand for them, constitutes their manufacture a a naost important of this industry in Smith & Co., 109 Kingston St. 1878 by the present active propri- 178 Devonshire Street, where he removed to the present address on greater accommodations. The entire sixth floor, which has a feet. The place is equipped with the industry, steam furnishes the found for twenty-five skilled oper- thorough, practical, expert knowl- tion, and as he personally super- thebestresultsare assured. Besides ers with braid ends, and fine white cialties are: Smith's clinch-back Smith'sHarvard Brace, whole strap braces, O. K. shoulder braces, garters, hook-pin drawer support- holders. All these goods are made are unsurpassed for style, dura- ship. Mr. Smith sells them to the States, and his splendid facilities upon the most favorable terms, tion and holiday suspenders of mounting the same to order, while mountings are sold alone to parties who want to line and mount them, tion. industry. A leading representative Boston is the firm of Jos. Wm. whose oiYice and factory are at No. This enterprise was founded in etor, Mr. Jos. Wm. Smith, at No. continued up to 1889, when he Kingston, where he possesses premises occupied comprise the superficial area of 5,000 square the finest machinery adaptable to driving power and employment is atives. Mr. Smith possesses a edge of all the details of his voca- vises all the labors of his assistants making a general line of suspend- round leather ends, etc., his spe- suspenders, with elestic ends, and suspendei's, clinch-back shoulder Bonanza armlets, gents' Bonanza ers, ready-pin buttons and cuff from the very best materials and bility and excellence of workman- trade in all parts of the United enable him to meet all orders A specialty is made of presenta- satin and other material and of s are furnished on apphca- ^YLOR & RATHVON, Dividend Paying Mining Investments, Denver, Col., Nos. 58 and 59 Ames Building.— There are at all times people seeking to invest capital in such a manner as to insure to them the utmost element of safety combined with a reasonable rate of income. The field for daring, hazardous venture always exhibits a restless throng, making haste to be rich, while the field of legitimate investment is a less crowded one, but beyond any question, one in which more satisfying results are seasonably secured. Among those firms in Boston who make the wants of the conservative investor their con- stant study is that of Messrs. Taylor & Rathvon, dealers in dividend-paying mining investments, who have been established in the business at Denver, Col., since 1880, and who opened an office in this city in 1890, occupying Rooms No. 58 and 59 Ames Building. This firm are now offering to investors in this city and vicinity a line of securities that are absolutely safe, permanent in value and which pay large dividends. They handle only the stocks of such mines as they themselves control and work, and are, therefore, in a position to offer rehable advice to investors. The wisdom of their judgment has been repeatedly proven. The first time was when they advised their clients to buy the stock of the May-Mazeppa. It was then selling at forty cents '3c;r share and paying no dividends. It is selling to-day at one dollar and a quarter per share, and paying dividends of one dollar and a quarter per month on each one hundred shares. Those who followed the advice of this firm have made three hundred per cent, on their investment and have had twelve dividends besides. The second time was when they predicted the advance in Little Rule stock. It then sold for fifty cents. It has since several times sold as high as one dollar and fifteen cents and has paid two cents per share monthly dividends. The third time was when they recommended their friends to put their money into Clay County stock at forty cents. It paid no dividends then, bnt now it pays two dollars each month on every hundred shares of its stock, and is in great demand at one dollar and twenty cents. The fourth time was not long ago when they told all correspondents to buy Bates-Hunter stock at forty cents, for dividends were likely to come soon. They did come, and are still coming, and the stock is bringing seventy cents per chare. This firm now say investors will make no mistake in buying Gold Rock. It has a much better outlook than any of the above named stocks had at the time they advised clients to purchase. It represents a mine rich in present as well as prospective value. All stocks handled by the firm are listed on the Denver Mining Exchange, and the firm refers by permission to American National Bank, City National Bank and Commercial National Bank, Denver; and the Shawmut National Bank, Boston. They are one of the largest houses deal- ing in stocks at Denver, and their reputation for reliability and integrity is firmly established in the financial world. The members of the firm are Messrs. C. E. Taylor, W. R. Rathvon and G. H. Batchelder, all well-known citizens of Denver; while their interests are ably represented in Boston by Mr. Charles R. Howard as manager, and a member of the firm is in this city most of the time. If safety and not hazard, pru- dence and not recklessness, fair income and not greedy gain, legitimate properties and not wild-cat schemes are desired by the investor, let them consult this reliable and successful firm. 172 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. W. WALKER & CO., Serial Book Publishers, Principal Offlce, Nos. 101-105 Cbauncy Street.— A review of Boston's noteworthy publishing houses would hardly be complete without more than passing mention o£ that of E. W. Walker & Co., whose principal ofifices are at the above address. The firm has branches in New York, Philadelphia, Chicago, Washington, Cleveland, Pittsburg, Providence, New Haven and Worcester. * They are publisliers of works of art, books of travel, voyages I and adventure ; also biographical sketches of men of note in the hterary, scientific and political world, and their publications, which are sold in serial form through agents, command extensive sale throughout the entire country. The enterprise had inception about six years ago, when the business was established here in Boston by Mr. Walker, under the present firm name. The publica- tion offices on Chauncy Street occupy two floors, each having an area of 2,500 square feet, with ample and excellent facilities, and ten or more of a staff are here employed, while upward of twenty-five agents represent the house throughout the New England States (with the exception of Rhode Island, which is the territoiy of the Providence branch.) Mr. Walker, who is a gentleman in the prime of life, born in this city, is a man of energy and excellent business qualifications, well-known and deservedly esteemed in the trade, in which he has had over sixteen years' experience, and was formerly Boston manager for Selmar Hess, of New York, for six years. The firm are publishers of American Art, at twenty-five cents a part; American Artists, at one dollar a part; works of travel, voyages and other publications, at twenty- five cents a part. Their latest and best, and the one to which they desire to call special attention, is the woi-k entitled " Biographical Sketches of Preeminent Americans," with one hundred and twenty fine photogravure portraits, taken from oil paintings. This exceedingly interest- PuBLic Garden, showing the Lake. ing and instructive book (by Frederick 0. Harrison) is a work of exceptional merit, being, in fact, a publication of national importance, and all the indications are that its success will fully justify the lavish outlay expended upon its production. The aim of the publishers has been to meet and satisfy the demand of the American people for a popular biography, of a concise and comprehensive character, of American citizens— American born— who have achieved distinction in the realm of literature, and at the bar of public opinion. This work contains in a rare degree the essential features sought to be attained in such a publication. Everything is remarkable for thoroughness of inquiry and exactness of statement, for intelligence of style and brevity of assertion, polished rhetoric and diction. It is, in short, an inspiration of the mind to the student, and a feast of biographical knowledge unequaled in the world's literature. The illustrations are of the very finest, taken, one and all, from the original oil paintings, and presenting an exact likeness. The biographies begin as far back as 1703, and continue down to the present day. This splendid work, upon which the publishers have spent a great amount of money, and which is now commanding an enormous sale, will be completed in twenty sections, at one dollar each. Each section will contain twenty-four pages of letter-press and six photogravure portraits. The letter-press is printed on fine laid paper, manufactured expressly for this publication, and the portraits are printed on superbly tinted fine plate paper, which is also manufactured to order for) the work. All information relative to this or any of their other publications, addressed to the house, will receive prompt response, correspondence being invited. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 173 |LEMING & CO., Bankers and Brokers, No. 175 Washington Street.— Among the ablest and shrewdest business men in Boston— as in every other large city— are the bankers and brokers; and prominent in their ranks, is the firm of Messrs. Fleming & Co., No. 175 Washington Street. The business of this house was established in May, 1884, and has been uninter- ruptedly prosperous. They buy and sell, and carry on margin, all the legitimate stocks and bonds that are listed on the W^. Exchange, and also conduct a general banking business. The house has five wire connections with other Boston bankers and brokers, and two wires and two tickers in their own office. They carry on a very lively business, requiring the services of a number of clerks. They have correspondents in New York, and other important financial centers, and are always in receipt of the lat- est and most authentic information in regard to monetary matters. Mr. C. W. Fleming is at present the sole proprietor of the biisiness. He is a young man, a Bostonian, and was raised in this business, having had eleven years' experience in the banhang and brokerage business, in Boston, and is a member of the Citizen's Trade Association, of Cambridge. PRINGER BROTHERS, Cloak House, No. 500 Washington St., Corner Bedford Street.— The most progressive and popular cloak emporium in Boston is that conducted by Messrs. Spririger Brothers, at No. 500 Washington Street, corner of Bedford. This firm are extensive manufacturers, wholesale and retail dealers in this line, and the leaders therein in New England. The busi- ness was founded in 1865 by Messrs. E. M. and M. P. Springer, as Springer Brothers, whose enterprising and reliable methods quickly placed theraj in the foremost ranks of the trade. The great fire of '73 came in the midst of their success, and destroyel tho results of their seven years' labor— all sa\e phu-k and biains but they quickly re-established their business after the fire, and fortune bO that repeated enlargements __^-^ became necessary to meet the in the first building erected again smiled upon their efforts^ of their premises and facilities demands of their large and settled down in their present occupying a group of three buildings, elegaat in all their ments, and perfect in conven and sale, combining every and sale of cloak and cloaking employment is given to a large hands. As manufacturers this finest line of ladies' and misses' of any house in New England and country-wide. It is not boring cities and towns, but is nent throughout the entire Uni- Brothers' cloaks are once themselves a permanent de- of their great salability and a close and constant study of fashioning their garments from using the newest and most nothing is too fine or fashion- importations this season are for style, variety and cheap- est productions of the great fashion leaders of London, the newest goods from abroad soon as they are ready for the here an opportunity of making second to none on Broadway, never fail to prove satisfactory fashion in Boston and vicinity splendid display made in the one of the busiest stores on Here are shown a great vari- sacques, ulsters, raglans, peasant coats wraps Mod]esl tion. growing trade. TJiey finally magnificent quartets in 1890, four-story stone and brick irrangements and appoint- lence for display, inspection facility for the manufacture materials, and where steady lorce of skilled and expert firm are known to produce the cloaks, and the largest number Their trade is local, sui'burban confined to Boston and neigh- large, influential, and perma- ted States. Wherever Springer mtroduced, they create for mand among dealers by reason solid merits. This firm make the current taste and demand, the latest Parisian modes, and popular fabrics. As importers, able for them to buy, and their far above the average, both ness. They include the choic- manufacturers, designers and Paris, Vienna and Berlin, and find representation here as trade. Ladies, therefore, have their selections from a stock and quoted at figures which to buyers. The devotees of are sure to be delighted at the retail department, and this is this crowded thoroughfare, ety of cloaks, new markets, V \\ aists and cloaking materials of every descrip- aUu , jaelu'ts Jerseys, and jr The Messrs. Springer aie well kno\\n Bobtoniana and merchants and manufactuiers whose repute and standing place them far beyond the requirements of any praise which these pages can bestow. jjORTHEN HOSIERY COMPANY, Importers and Jobbers of Men's, Ladies' and Children's Hosiery, No. 78 Bedford Street.- The Worthen Hosiery Company was organized under the laws of Maine, the first of June, 1891, with a capital stock of $20,000, and at once took up its headquarters at No. 78 Bedford Street. This responsible company, of which Mr. W. J. Shilli- f\ day is the president, is under the able executive management of Mr. Julius E. Worthen, who is also treasurer of the concern. This gentleman having formerly dealt in hosiery, is fully competent to conduct the business under the most favor- able auspices. Being jobbers in gentlemen's, ladies' and children's silk, cotton, and woolen hose, they carry in stock, at all times, a full and complete line of these goods in all sizes, styles and designs, which represent the best class of productions the market affords, and those interested in the trade will do well to examine the stock and price list here, befoi'e purchasing elsewhere. Four assistants are permanently employed by this company, and prompt shipments are made on all orders, to any part of New England, throuyiiout which section of the country the trade of this' house widely extends. They also sell to retailers, and no pains or expense are spared to furnish first- class and reliable goods, at the lowest possible expense, which they can confidently guarantee in every instance. Under the able, conserva- tive guidance of Mr. J. E. Worthen, the efficient manager, this company has done a remunerative business, and gives fidl assurance of unbounded success and prosperity in the future, He is a native of New Hampshire, and previous to assuming control here, was identified twith the dry goods commission business. This firm are also agents for the celebrated Wilbpr, Miller & Wilbur Red Seal collars, cuffs and shirts. This brand is acknowleged everywhere as A 1 linen goods, and enjoys a sale extending to all parts of the country. 174 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. rjECtmiTY SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY, Equitable Building— That bank vaults or private safes do not afford that entire security which can be obtained in the vaults of a well-managed and successful safe deposit company, whose whole energy and ability are devoted to the protection of the valuables committed to its care, is well proven by the fact that fifteen millions of dollars have been stolen from banks and private vaults during the last twenty years. No safe deposit company has ever been robbed, and no attempt by burglars has ever been made, which shows emphatically that the precautions taken by these companies have been absolutely successful. The Security Sate Deposit Company, at the Equitable Buildings corner of Milk and Federal Streets, has unequaled facilities for the comfortable and expeditious transaction of business, while the more important con- sideration of safety has not been overlooked. Indeed, it is believed that there is no institution in the country where there is greater strength of construction or where such a combination of safeguards exists to insure absolute security. The building is one of the most substantial flre-proof structures in the country, while the vaults of this company are among the most interesting sights in Boston, not only on account of their complicated and ingenious contrivances for the protection of wealth, but also because of their many new improvements and novel features. In the two great security vaults of the company there are now six thousand safes; while there are ten storage vaults and some fifty coupon rooms for the examination of securities. A splendid reading room in the heart of the business portion of Boston, fully supplied with periodicals, newspapers and writing materials, is provided for safeholders without extra charge. Other Safe Deposit Companies pro- vide safes and storage only, while the reading room in the " Security " serves as a business exchange, and a beautiful directors' room is provided for meetings of boards of directors, committees, etc. A cabinet of drawers in the reading room, which are rented to safeholders for keeping letters, check books, etc., supplies all the requirements of desk room. They are used largely by business men from the neighboring cities and towns who require some place in Boston where they can make business appointments and attend to their correspondents. Nothing has been omitted to make this one of the most perfect institutions of the kind in the world. The company receives for safe keeping, at very moderate rates, packages of silver-plate, jewelry, books, valuable papers, wills, heirlooms, manuscripts, rare china, bric-a-brac, pictures and other articles of value, depositing them in massive storage vaults constructed expressly for this department of the business. It is the policy of this company to keep pace with the times by adding every improvement which experience may suggest, to increase the security of their vaults and the efficiency of their service. The officers and directors of the company are as follows: President. Edward R. Andrews; vice-president, W. A. Tower; treasurer, Nathan Warren; superintendent of vaults, F. G. Storey; directors, Frederick L. Ames, F. Gordon Dexter, William A. Tower, John Q. Adams, Eustace C. Fitz, Samuel Borrowe, Edward R. Andrews. The business of the Security Safe Deposit Company is justly a source of pride to every public-spirited citizen, while the officers, educated to their calling, are greatly esteemed in this community for their ability and integrity, and are thoroughly qualified to successfully discharge their duties, with a due regard to the interests of every patron. r)IOUX INVESTMENT CO., of Sioux City, Iowa ; Lowe & Gray, General Eastern Agents, No. 36 Ames Building.— The most important question for those to decide who have funds to invest is safety. Assured of their investment, rate of interest divides their attention with permanency. It has long been admitted that mortgages upon real estate, considered from the standpoint of agriculture alone, were preferable to any other investment of even rate and time to run. A careful investiga- tion discloses the fact that the farm lands of the United States have a uniform value that has varied so little for a long period of time as to justify the conclusion that that value is intrinsic. For upwards of half a century efforts have been made to systematize this branch of finance, and past experience now furnishes all the data necessary to establish a system as perfect in detail and sound in principle as that underlying life insurance. The Sioux Investment Company, of Sioux City, Iowa, with a capital of $300,000 to pro- tect its obligations, in addition to security three times theii value, has verified its conclusions to such an extent as to assure the public that since its founders began business no holder of its mortgages has ever waited a single day for his interest, held one of its securities beyond maturity, or been compelled to purchase a foot of land. This company has made it an inflexible rule to personally examine every security upon which it has ever loaned any of its funds, paying no attention to values acquired through temporary or local causes. It i3 now engaged in the purchase and sale of mortgages on real estate and city property in Sioux City, Iowa, and in the loaning of money on improved farms in adjoining counties. Their Eastern office was opened in this city in 1888, and is under the experienced management of Messrs. Lowe & Gray, as General Eastern Agents, with headquarters at No. S6 Ames Building, The earnest invitation of the managers of this company to all Investors to carefully investigate their securities, principles and methods of doing business, betokens a conscious strength that is certain to secure a continuance of the liberal patronage already given them. The conservative management of the company, coupled with its great financial strength, has led to its recognition as one of the first investment mediums in the city. If absolute safety, convenience, regular income, permanency, and freedom from care and solicitude, count for anything in an investment, these mortgages more nearly meet the general want of the investing public than any other security now to be had. Of this a thorough investigation of them will convince the most sceptical or conservative investor, to whom patient courtesy is always shown by the agents, Messrs. W. W. Lowe and W. E Gray. Mr. Lowe is one of the best known dealers in real estate and mortgages in the city. He is a native of Clif tondale, a resident of Saugus, and established himself here in the real estate business in 1879. He has been repeatedly honored by his party with the nomination as a representative to the legislature, and is a sound, conservative business man. Mr. Gray is a native Bostonian, residing in the house where he was born, and has had an experience of twenty-five years in handling mortgages and investment securities. He is justly regarded as an expert, and reliable author- ity thereon. iJILLIAM C. FRENCH, Manufacturer of Ash and Maple Bedsteads, Folding Cribs, Bent Cradles, Etc., Nos, 80, 82, 84 and 86 Ful- ton Street.— The leading manufacturer of bedsteads, folding cribs, rocking and swing cradles in this city is Mr. William C. French, whose fine establishment is located at Nos. 80, 82, 84 and 86 Fulton Street, corner of Richmond. This representative house has been in successful operation since 1863, and is one of the largest in its line of industry in the United States. The building occupied for manufacturing purposes contains five floors and a basement, 60 x 123 feet each, splendidly equipped with the latest improved machinery, operated by steam power, and employment is given to one hundred and fifty skilled workmen. Every article is made under the most careful supervision of a superior quality of lumber, and finished with elegance and good taste. The leading specialties here made are ash and maple bedsteads, folding cribs, platform rocking cribs, rocking and swing cradles, walnut and birch bedsteads, and in every style and pattern made, the variety of which is as wide as the possibilities of the industry will admit, the greatest taste and excellence obtains, the durability and utility of the work standing unrivalled in the market and distancing com- petition. The methods of manufacture are of the most enterprising and progressive character, and the principles involved in the construc- tion are such as are approved by experience. The stock on hand is always full and complete, and the largest orders are promptly and carefully filled. The trade is large and active not only in the United States, but throughout Canada, Mexico, Central and South America, the West Indies and South Africa. With its great resources and unequalled facilities, this house is enabled to place its goods upon the market at terms and prices which cannot be duplicated by rival concerns. Mr. French is a native of Lowell, Mass., in the active prime of life; a member of the Boston Furniture Exchange, and an expert, practical and progressive manufacturer, who has won success in his chosen field of labor by honestly deserving it. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATURE. 175 rjTEWAET & BINNEY, Successors to Edward Burgess, Naval Architects and Yacht Brokers, No. 199 Washington Street.— The great interest that has been developed in the noble sport of yacht rcaing in the United States is of the most notable charac- ter. This sport is now represented by its own joux-nals, and the designing of racers has become a most important vocation. The leading house in the country engaged in this line is that of Messrs. Stewart & Binney, whose ofHce is at Sears Building, No. 199 Washington Street, this city. These gentlemen are successors to Mr. Edward Burgess, who was the best known and most successful yacht builder this country ever produced, and the membei-s of the firm, Messrs. George A. Stewart and Arthur Binney, had the advantage of a four years' course of instruction under Mr. Burgess' tuition. Mr. Burgess established business in 1881, and continued until 18M, his death occurring July 13, of that year, and he was succeeded by Messrs. Stewart & Binney, who are natives of Boston, popularly known in the community. Mr. Burgess designed and built the famous cup defenders, the Volunteer, the 3iayflower and Puritan, also the Titania, Papoose, Gossoon, Sachem, Merlin, Quickstep, etc., and in 1891 were built the Beatrix, Oweene, Mineola, Sayonora and Iklerim, all forty-six footers; also the Constellation, the steam yacht Wild Duck, etc., etc. The premises occupied comprise an entire floor of five spacious rooms, well equipped with every convenience for the successful conduct of business. Messrs. Stewart & Binney are general naval architects and yacht brokers, and design vessels of all kinds; also ti-ade in new and second-hand yachts. Their patronage comes from all parts of the United States, Japan, Australia, England and Germany, and all demands made upon their resources are met in the most satisfactory manner. iJi OTEL WINTHROP, Bowdoin and AUston Streets.— The cosiest hotel in the city of Boston is the Hotel Winthrop, located at the corner of Bowdoin and AUston Streets. Its substantial appearance and pleasant surroundings impress the stranger favor- ably at the first glance, while its wide-open door reveals a cordial welcome and all the tasteful comforts of a home. It was opened to the public in 1880, by Mr. T. Keleher, tlie present owner and proprietor, this being the only instance of a like natu)-e in the city. He is ably assisted in its direction by Mr. L. F. Cobb as manager. The house is five stories high, with a basement, and contains one hundred and twenty-five rooms. Its location is excellent. Situated on Beacon Hill, the most elevated site in Boston, close to the new Court House, new State House and Boston Common, it is ■convenient alike as a stopping-place for tour- ists and commercial men, and as a residence for ladies and families. The air of quiet com- fort, retirement and elegance that character- ize its apartments has few equals elsewhere in the city. In its situation and its architec- ture the desiderata of light and ventilation, have been wonderfully well secured. Its interior appointments are in keeping with the demands and refinements of the times, the sanitary arrangements are perfect, and every modern improvement is utilized for the safety, comfort and convenience of guests. The culinary department is unexcelled, and ■everything of the best is to be found in the menu. The management secures its table supplies from the most reputable sources, and knows exactly how to please the most varied and fastidious tastes, while prices are placed at a very moderate figure. The patronage is thoroughly high-class, and is rapidly increasing in numbers with each succeeding year, owing to the superior accommodations afforded and the substantial inducements held out to the traveling public. Mr. Keleher is a native of Maine, in the prime of life, a resident of Boston since 1868, and known and honored by a wide circle of friends and patrons as a talented host and a sound, experienced and responsible business man, whose hotel is a credit to the commu- nity. LINCOLN COLLINS, Fancy Brass, Bronze. Iron and Wire Work. No. 129 Portland Street.-Though but a comparatively short time established, the gentleman whose name heads this sketch has built up a flourishing business. The secret of his prosperity is not far to seek, however. Turning out a distinctly superior class of fancy brass, bronze, iron and wire work, prompt and reliable in executing orders, and withal most reasonable in his prices, Mr. Collins has been enabled to achieve ' the success that has attended his well-directed efforts. He manufactures everything in the line above indicated, making a specialty of bank and office railing and also of iron cars for passenger and freight elevators, and his productions command extensive sale throughout the entire United States. The quarters occupied as office and shop at No. 129 Portland Street, comprise a 50 x 100 foot (third) floor, with ample and complete facilities, including steam power, improved machinery, etc., and some twenty five skilled hands are regularly employed here under the immediate supervision of the proprietor. Mr. J. Lincoln Collins is a native of this city, well and favorably known, and is a member of the F. and A. M. and the Independent Order of Red Men and other societies. He is an expert mechanic, a man of exceptional skill in his line, as well as of push and energy. The productions include brass rails, fire escapes, sand screens, elevator enclosures, wire netting and kindred articles, a specialty being made of the manufacture of iron cars for passenger and freight elevators, and a large stock is constantly kept on hand, all orders, wholesale or retail, receiving immediate attention. Mr. Collins is prepared to furnish estimates on anything in his line, and quotes the very lowest consistent figures, while he guarantees perfect satisfaction. Brass, bronze, iron and wire work generally are executed to order in the most expeditious and excellent manner, also electro-plated, nickel and fancy black- smith work, and jobbing receives prompt attention likewise. 176 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. [TiTAS HOWE COMPANY, Violins, No. 88 Court Street.— The Cremona violins have passed into history as the most remark- able instruments of their kind, in existence. Here in America, where there has arisen a cultured and wealthy circle of collectors, these famous old Italian violins are eagerly bought up, and the leading representative in this branch of the music trade is the Elias Howe Company, of this city, who are eminent in the musical world as owning the largest collec- tion of fine violins in the world, and are extensive retail dealers in stringed instruments of all kinds, and publishers of sheet music and music booliis, while making a leading specialty of violins and violin music. This business was founded in 1840 by Mr. Elias Howe, on Cornhill, and in 1866, he removed to his present premises. In 1891 his two sons, Messrs. William H, and Edward F. Howe, succeeded to the business under the present name and style. Tliis company are leading importers of French, German and Italian violins, and our virtuosi here find the violins, bows and fine Roman strings best adapted to insure the highest style of execu- tion. Many dealers in musical instruments are unhappily possessed of but httle practical knowledge of the instruments they deal in; their ignorance renders it dangerous for anyone but the skilled professional to select from their stock. The head of this house, on the con- trary, was an expert authority upon the workmanship, dates and comparative merits of both old and new violins, and brought to bear upon the business an experience covering a period of over fiifty years. He is known far and wide as the most successful collector of old violins, and our leading performers invariably look to him for their instruments. He has trained his sons in the business from their youth up, and the EHas Howe Company can be relied upon in every emergency requiring musical taste, talent and sound judgment. They have over sixteen hundred genuine old violins in stock, at prices ranging from $15 to S5,000; also, over five hundred kinds of new violins, of both French, German, Italian and American makes, at prices from $1 to $200. They also carry many specialties peculiar to their house, includ- ing Howe's No. 19 violin E strings, the strongest in the world ; the Elias Howe banjos, extra choice artists' necks and bridges, the Diamond violin case, tools for violin making, Howe's edition of violin methods and studies, Howe's original violin school, Howe's duets for violin and piano, celebrated violin duets, Howe's piano gems, Howe's contra cornet album, Howe's National Band books, Howe's Western Brass- Band Journal, Howe's National Fife and Drum Corps, and many other publications. The business of the company is distributed through- out the entire United States, and is annually increasing in volume and importance. 15 OSTON STEAM GAGE CO., No. 28 Beach Street.— This company are nationally famous as sole manufacturers of the Boston Steam Gage, non-setting, non-freezing and no vibration; the Bourdon Steam Gage, high and low pressure; also, water gages, gage cocks, whistles, revolution counters, Seth Thomas and Howard clocks, pyrometers, hydrometers, salinometers, spring balances, mercurial syphon gages, low-water and alarm gages, and all kinds of steamship instruments. The com- pany was incorporated in 1891, and is offtcered as follows, viz. : Charles Wentworth, president; H. L. Willard, treasurer; W. L. Whitney, secretary; Mr. M. McNeil, superintendent. Special attention is called to their new and improved pressure gage for steam or water. It is undoubtedly the most reliable gage ever placed on the market for any use for whicli absolutely correct non-freez- ing and guaranteed non-setting pressure indicators (high or low) are required. This latter pre-eminent quality, coupled with simplicity of construction, cannot fail of meriting the approbation of critical and discerning buyers. While this gage is especially adapted for high pres- sure, it is as sensitive as the Bourdon Gage, and there is no vibration of the pointer. With the Boston Patent Gage, you can always tell how mpuy pounds of steam, you have ; as there is a hardened steel spring made hke, and of the same material as the steam engine indicator-spring and attached to the top of the case and also to the brass tube, so that it is impossible for it to get set, and your gage is always correct. There is no excuse for an accident from carrying a larger amount of steam than your steam gage indicates. This company warrant every gage leaving their factory, and in every particular endeavor to maintain their productions up to that high standard of excellence which they have set for their guidance. They are shipping their specialties to all parts of the United States, and are fast coming to be recognized as the best and most reliable in the market. In this historical review, few industries in the city are more entitled to honorable and promi- nent mention. The officers are all Blassachusetts men by birth and training, and exj^erts in their calling. Mr. Williard, the treasurer, was formerly with the Crosby and American Steam Gage Companies, and all are gentlemen of experience and ability, who are to be congratu lated on the prompt recognition which their products have received in the industrial world. j|ONTINENTAL NATIONAL BANK, No. 51 Summer Street.— Boston has long been the center of vast.financial transactions,, which have been for years growing apace in volume, and boasts a number of notably solid and substantial monied corpora- tions. Among the institutions thus indicated there are none more worthy of special mention in this review than the stanch and reliable Continental National Bank, No. 51 Summer Street, and which since the inception of the enterprise over thirty- one years ago, has enjoyed a signally successful career. Organized in 1860 under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $500,000, it was re-organized in 1864 under the national banking law and the capital stock increased to $1,000,000, and in 1884 its charter was extended. The history of the "Continental" from the start has been an unbroken record of progress, pulling through the various periods of business depression and stringency in the money market with credit and influence unimpaired and integrity unshaken; and all the indications are that its usefulness is certain to increase, as its popularity and prosperity are bound to endure. The bank has always been conducted on sound and conservative business principles, and its management characterized by sagacity, energy and ability, coupled with liberal and equitable methods; and of its stabihty and flourishing condition, assuredly there could be adduced no more unfailing criterion than the following splendid exhibit as per statement at the close of business, February, 1891, and which places- the institution and its officers and directors far beyond the requirement of any meed of praise these pages could bestow: Resources loans and discounts, $2,260,753.21 ; U. S. Bonds to secure circulation, $50,000; due from approved reserve agents, $244,939.45; due from other National Banks, $64,180,57; real estate, furniture and fixtures, $331,965.20; current expenses and taxes paid, $8,616.22; checks and other cash items, $3,323.50; exchanges for clearing-house, $49,306.97; bills of other banks, $17,077; fractional currency, including nickels, $1,194.03; specie, including gold treasury notes, $165,300; legal tender notes, $12,400; United States certificates of deposit for legal tender, $20,000; redemption fund with United States treasurer, five per cent of circulation, $2,250; total, $3,120,306.14; liabilities, capital stock paid in, $1,000,000; surplus fund, $200,000; other undivided profits, $155,335.46; National Bank notes outstanding, $43,650; dividends unpaid, $930.50; individual deposits subject to check, $1,306,079.65; demand certificates of deposit, $59,303.34; certified checks, $1,447.45; cashier's checks outstanding, $523.60; due to other National Banks, $134,129.03; due to State banks and bankers, $329,017.33; total, $3,120,306.14. The present site of the bank was purchased in 1873, the building was erected in 1875, and was remodeled in 1888. The offices occupied are spacious, handsomely fitted up and perfectly equipped, every convenience being provided for customers, and an efficient clerical staff is employed. A general banking business is transacted, including loans, discounts and deposits, and collections are made on all points in the most expeditious manner, at lowest rates, the New York correspondents being the Merchants Exchange, the Third National and the National Bank of Deposit, while the First National of Chicago acts in a like capacity in that city. Approved commercial paper of every descrip- tion is negotiated. In short, aU classes of business comprehended in legitimate operations in this hne are engaged in; and merchants, manufacturers, bankers, traders and individuals are afforded the most liberal accommodations consistent with conservative banking. The officers of the Continental National Bank are William T. Hart, president; P.Pierce, vice-president; and Charles F.Smith, cashier; the directory being composed of Messrs. Fred. W. Lincoln, J. H. Lee, D. R. Emerson, William T. Hart, William B. Rice, H. P. Stanwood,. P. Pierce and Charles F. Smith. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 177 a'ESSRS. GEORGE ANGUS & CO. , (Limited) Leather, Liverpool and Newcastle-on-Tyne, Richard Auders, Agent, with Offices at No. 95 Gold Sti-eet, New York, and at No. 143 Federal Street, Boston.— This is an eminent and responsible house, and for upwards of twenty years has had transactions of large aggregate value with the producers of leather in this country. Messrs. Angus & Co., have been established for more than a century, and are well and favorably known in every leather center of the world, and it is largely through their instrumentality that American leathers of eveiy description have been introduced to both English and Continental consumers. Some ten years ago it was deemed desirable to establish an agency in the United States to facilitate further development of their already rapidly increasing American business, and New York was settled upon. In July, 1890, the Boston office was opened, giving larger scope to the already well-systematized business, while it gave the producers of leather in Boston and vicinity better opportunity to transact their dealings with the house. Already the response to this is of a Uvely and thoroughly vitalized char- acter, and it may be confidently anticipated that the active and energetic labors of Mr. Anders on behalf of this pioneer English firm, and its numerous patrons will materially increase the exports of leather annually from Boston to England. He has had a wide experience in this line, and is a keen judge of the goods he handles, and at the same time has won distinction for his uniform integrity and consideration of others in all his dealings. Mr. Anders is a German by birth, but has long resided in this country, and is thoroughly in touch with Americans and American ways. i.YNARD & CHILD, Commission Merchants and Steamship Agents, No. 104 State Street. — Among the representative firms contrib- uting to the activity in the maritime commerce of Boston is that of Maynard & Child (successors to Alpheus H. Hardy & Co.) No. 104 State Street. They are commission merchants and steamship agents. The house is one of the very oldest and foremost in the line indicated in this city, and for sixty odd years has been a prominent factor in the foreign fruit trade and in ship- ping circles. Messrs. Maynard & Child handle Mediterranean products, and receive large consignments of oranges, lemons, ^**SJ grapes and other green fruits from Spain and Sicily. They are also extensive shippers of apples to England, Scotland and Germany while they likewise receive consignments of potatoes from England and Scotland. The firm are agents for the British and African Steam Navigation Co., and issue through bills of lading (via. Liverpool) for freight destined to points on the west coast of Africa. They are also agents for J. C. Houghton & Co. of London and Liverpool. Messrs. Maynard & Child represent besides a number of leading houses at Mediterranean ports. Foreign fruits and produce are bought and sold, on order, also, and all interests placed with this time-tried and reliable house are certa,in to be handled in the most judicious and trustworthy manner, while all orders are promptly and reliably executed. The house was founded early in the 30's by Hardy & Baker, and later passed into the sole control of Alpheus Hardy, who was succeeded in 1874 by his son Alpheus H. Hardy, and under the firm name of Alpheus H. Hardy & Co. the business was conducted up to about two years since, when they were in turn succeeded by Maynard & Child. Mr. Herbert Maynard was formerly engaged in business alone as a commission merchant for nine years, and Mr. John H. Child, his partner, was with Alpheus H. Hardy & Co. for ten years. They are active members of the-Chamber of Commerce and Fruit and Produce Exchange. , WENTWORTH & CO., Manufacturers of Piano-Fortes, No. 41 Bristol Street.— Ranking prominently in the vanguard of the , representative piano-forte makers of this city is the name of the house of Messrs. V. Wentworth & Co., of No. 41 Bristol J \' Street. The business was founded during the year 1889, by the members of the firm as at present existing at the Bristol W ^) Street address. Messrs. Wentworth &, Co. are manufacturers of first-class piano-fortes, the specialty being upright instru- ments. An important department of the busmess consists of finishing pianos to order, in fancy woods, and the tuning repairing and renting thereof. The house holds a most enviable reputation for the excellent tone and finish of its pianos and its connection extends throughout the entire section of New England. Messrs. Wentworth & Co. handle pianos both at wholesale and retail, the house engaging its energies with instruments of miscellaneous makes. The premises occupied by Messrs. Wentworth & Co. con- sist of a shop covering an area of 1,200 square feet, the same being ably and systematically managed and equipped with every necessary appointment, including an adequate volume of steam-power, a staff of six assistants being maintained. The partners in the concern are Mr. V. Wentworth and Mr. L. G. Ripley, both able and courteous business men, meriting the greatest of esteem. Mr. Wentworth is a native of Maine, his residence in Boston covering a period of thirty years. He is a gentleman of middle-age and a skilled adept at his calling. Mr. Ripley is a young man and a native of Brockton, Mass. He is a practical expert at the tuning of pianos and a member of the Weber Male Quartet, and of the F. & A. M. jUTTLE & BAILEY MANUFACTURING CO., No. 64 Union Street.— The name of Tuttle & Bailey Manufacturing Co., of No. SJi Beekman Street, New York City, No, 64 Union Street, Boston, and Brooklyn, L. I,, bears honored associations, being one of the representative houses of its kind in the country. The date of the foundation of the business is 1845, in which year Messrs. Tuttle and Bailey allied themselves together. The date of the incorporation of the business as a stock company was in 1865, the same being under the laws of the State of New York, the capital stock of the company being fixed at $200,000. The company manufacture warm air registers, ventilators, screens, borders, etc., the variety of designs handled by the house being akin to the infinite. The company make a specialty of register faces to harmonize with the suiToundings. Their patterns ranging from the severe " plain lattice," through the various orders of Indian, Japanese, Moresque, Florentine, and Flamboyant ornamenta- tion to the ornate Renaissance designs. They manufacture register faces to which the well-known vertical wheel movement is attached. This movement, being based upon correct principles, and constantly undergoing process of improvement, and, having employed in its construction the greatest care, particularly in reference to the castings, is one of the most convenient and satisfactory appliances in existence. The company make to order from designs, and to special measurements, a great variety of articles used in connection with, their goods, at prices which the company's excellent facilities enable them to quote very low. TheNew York premises consist of a six-story building, each floor of which covers an area of 3,600 square feet, and where is employed an efficient corps of twenty-five assistants. The Boston branch of the company has been established ten years. It comprises five floors 25 x 60, and exhibits in its able management, a veritable pattern of sys- tematic harmony. The foundry at Brooklyn is of an extensive capacity, giving employment to over three hundred workmen. The volume of work handled thereat is extremely heavy, exceeding ten tons of casting per diem, the house manufacturing all their own goods. The con- nection of the company extends throughout the entire Union, and an extensive export trade forms an important business of the house. The president of the company is Mr. Jas. T. Bailey, a gentleman of rare administrative capacity and business ability, Mr. P. S. Tuttle, a resident of New York, efficiently discharges the duties incidental to the vice-presidency, an office he has held for five years, he having for- merly acted as treasurer of the company, The offices of secretary and treasurer, are respectively filled with an efficiency their own, by Mr. G. W. Tuttle and Mr. W. Ogden, both natives of New York, and highly respected gentlemen. The management of the Boston house is in the hands of Mr. Fred T. Hawley. This gentleman is a native of the State of Illinois, and has been seven years with the company. He has been actively connected with military affairs, having served in the Twentieth Wisconsin Regiment, and as first-lieutenant in the Sixty- Fourth United States Colored Infantry. He is a member of G. A. R., F. & A. M., I. O. O. F., S. of V., and a number of other organizations. 178 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. A. WHIDDEN, Merchandise Broker, Molasses and Syrups, No. 50 Central Street.— This is an age in which business of ten turns to specialties exclusively; the hundreds upon hundreds of brokers upon the market are the result, and nearly every article conaeivable in the mercantile activities is represented by brokei'S. We have no doubts as to this being an excellent turn of affairs, for when a man consecrates his entire time, energy and resources upon one kind of goods, he is more Jikely to * become thoroughly expert at it than the man who handles that line and a hundred others. Speaking more especially in these articles of molasses and syrups, we wish to bring forth the name of Mr. A. A. "Whidden, the molasses and syrup broker of No. 50 Central Street, this city. This gentleman carries on a representative business of its kind, and gave it inception in 1874. Mr. Whid- den sells to jobbers and covers the entire territory of the New England States. He is a native of Blaine, but has long been a resident of this city. Previous to engaging in the brokerage business, Mr. Whidden was with Towndsend & Co., also brokers in molasses and syrups, twelve years. With such an experience, the public are assured faithful service at the hands of the gentleman in question. We know of no better house in this line to-day and recommend him highly to the wholesale trade. Mr. Whidden is in direct relation with importei^ and is able to offer unsurpassed inducements. His prices are invariably the lowest which can be quoted on articles of relative value. All grades of niolas, ses and syrups are handled by this house. SW ENGLAND ROLCER-GRATE COMPANY, No. 65 Federal Street.— Prominent among the manufacturers of important specialties in Boston stands the New England Roller-Grate Company, whose main office is located at No. 65 Federal Street, corner of Franklin. This company are manufacturers of the celebrated Patent Roller Grate for steam boilers which is a practical shaking grate, adapted to any furnace and all kinds of fuel. The company was mcoipoiated m 1889 under the laws of the State of New Hampshire, with a capital of $30,000, and with J. E. Johnson piesident H S Williams tieasmer The special advantages of this Patent Roller-Grate t IS lude the 1 1 t-^ th t all tlu and general man at once on roller-bearings; the positive and easy, and will not clog; the laig est percentage of air space is furnished; the air spaces do not vary in size when in motion placed under any boiler as quickly as com- mon bars; without bolts, screws, keys or fit- tings of any kind; all the grate bars are reversible, and interchangeable; no openuig of furnace doors to " slice " fires; can use fine or coarse fuel without wasting any; prevents injury to a boiler and increases its safety, together with simplicity, durability and econ only. Among the large number in use in this city may be named those at the State House, State Armory, Boston Daily Globe, Boylston Building, F. L. Ames' Building, Wells' Me morial Building, Hotel Huntington, Hotel Chester, Journal of Commerce, Hotel Austm, Hoffman House, Angelo Building, Chickermg & Sons, Consolidated Electric Mfg. Co , Whittier Machine Company, Carleton Estate, American Unitarian Building, and Achmuty Building; while hundreds are in use throughout all parts of New England. The trade and consumers are both supplied promptly; any size is made to order, and estimates are furnished on application. Mr. Williams, the general manager of the company, is the inventor of the Patent Roller-Grate, and has a genius for invention which he has demonstrated in numerous devices which he has patented. He is a native of Connecticut, a resident of this city, and is to be congratulated on the success attending the inauguration of the enterprise. |OWA LOAN. & TRUST COMPANY, Freeman A. Smith, Agent, No. 31 Milk Street, Boston.— The most important consideration to those who have funds to invest is safety, Assured of this, rate of interest divides their attention with permanency. It has long been admitted that mortgages upon real estate are preferable to any other investment of even rate and time to run. This has been due to the fact that while railroad bonds may be intercepted and depreciated by poor or dishonest manage- ment, land values are not subject to such misfortunes, and vary less than any other subject of commerce. A careful investiga- tion discloses the fact that the farm lands of the United States have a uniform value that has varied so little for a long period of time as to justify the conclusion that that value is intrinsic. For many years efforts have been made to systematize this branch of finance, and past experience now furnishes all the data necessary to establish a system as perfect in detail and sound in principle as that underlying life insurance. The Iowa Loan and Trust Company, of Des Moines, Iowa, well-known as the pioneer company west of the Mississippi, and prob- ably the strongest company in the West, with a reputation for promptness and conservative management unexcelled in the United States, has, since its incorporation in 1872, verified its conclusions to such an extent as to assure the public that since its founders began doing busi- ness not one of its patrons has ever waited a single day for his interest or principal beyond maturity; orbeen compelled to purchase a foot of land. This company has made it a rule to personally examine every security upon which it loans any of its funds, while a peifect title is always the primal requirement. The company has now passed the twentieth year of its. existence, the first meeting of the board of directors having been held Feb. 16, 1872. During this time over $16,000,000 have been loaned on real estate security, about $4,000,000 of which are now outstanding and running ten years, but redeemable after five years at the option of the company. It is hardly necessary to say that these debentures are as nearly a perfect security as the world affords, each series of $100,000 being the direct obligation of a company, with a full cash capital of $500,000, and a surplus of $225,000, and also being secured by $105,000 of first mortgages on property worth at least two and a half times the sum secured thereon, duly and legally transferred to responsible trustees for the protec- tion of the liolders of the bonds. The earnest invitations of the managers of this company to all investors to carefully investigate their secu- rities, principles and methods of business, betokens a conscious strength that deserves the confidence of the investing public, while tlie con- servative manasrement and great financial strength of the corporation has led to its recognition as one of the best investment mediums in New England. The agent in Boston, Mr. Freeman A. Smith, No. 31 Milk Street, is a well-known citizen of Maiden, treasurer of the Newton Theological Institution and ex-treasurer of the American Baptist Missionary Union, and a sound, responsible business man. If absolute safety, permanency and convenience, count for anything in an investment, these debentures more nearly meet the general want of the invest- ing public than any other security now in the market, and they are receiving the patronage of many of our most substantial citizens and public institutions. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 179 ILLIAM DEEEING & CO., Grass Cutting and Harvesting Machinery, Chicago, 111., H. G. Dickey, Boston Agent, No. 80 S. Market Street.— .4 careful review o£ the industrial agencies in operation in this city develops the existence of a class of houses prepared to compete in the several lines they represent with the rival establishments of any country in the world. Their ample resources, high commercial standing and remarkable enterprise, are matters of which our citizens have every reason to be proud. Prominent among the representative and progressive houses represented here, stands that of William Deering & Co., manufacturers of grass cutting and harvesting machinery, of Chicago, 111. This house is represented in Boston by Mr. H. G. Dickey, as Boston agent, with headquarters at No. 80 S. Market Street, where all the machines in their sample room are run by power for exhibition to customers. This agency was opened in 1887, previous to which time no sales had been made by William Deering & Co., in New England. During 1887, six hundred and eighty-two machines were sold in this territory, followed in 1888 by over three thou- sand five hundred sales. There are now over eight thousand Deering machines in use in New England, and the demand is annually increasing. It has always been the ambition of William Deering & Co. to present to its customers only such harvesting and grass-cutting machinery as commends itself, not alone by originality of design, but also by superiority of workmanship, reliability of materials, fine finish and the general utihty and efficiency of its operation. It can be truthfully said, without unjust disparagement to others, that the Deering harvesters, binders, mowers and reapers are the most practical, durable and ingenious pieces of mechanism for their purposes on the face of the earth. The day has gone by when farmers will be satisfied with anything short of the very best. The latest improvements, the best workmanship and finest materials are essential to a first-class machine, and these attributes are always found united in those of William Deering & Co. The brand of this firm on harvesting machinery has become a passport for quality and efficiency in all parts of the world. The sale of these specialties is so extensive in both hemispheres that there is not a day in the entire year when these machines are not at work in some harvest field or meadow. The harvesters of William Deering & Co. have proved themselves not only the lightest, but also the strongest specialties of their kind yet invented, and have acquitted themselves triumphantly in every competition and position, even where other machines were compelled to acknowledge defeat and disaster. Mr. Dickey, the Boston agent, is a native of Vermont, and was for nine years with Whiteley, Fassler & Kelly, of Springfield, Ohio, accepting his present position in 1890. He carries a full line of machines and parts in stock, and is prepared to offer the most substantial inducements to agriculturists and dealers as regax'ds both quality and prices, while guaranteeing the prompt and satisfactory fulfillment of all orders. [SAAC FENNO &Co., Men's and Boys' Clothing, No. 38SummerStreet.— One of those great representative estabUshments which give such tone and character to the wholesale clothing trade of Boston is that of Messrs. Isaac Fenno & Co., located at No. 28 Summer Street. Their facilities and connections are unrivaled, while the improved methods of the house have served to completely revolutionize the manufacture of men's and boys' clothing and placed it upon the soundest basis as regards skill, care, materials used and the perfection of all garments made. The foundation of the business was laid in 1853 by Mr. Isaac Fenno, who was born in Canton, Mass., and when a boy began his business life on a salary of two dollars per week. Vast as are the business premises of to-day and enormous as is the volume of its trade, this house had an humble and unpretentious origin, and its growth to an honored and matured magnitude, second to few, if any, competing houses in New England, has been promoted and secured by an assiduous application of business tact and energy of a high order, coupled with a' diligent observance of those principles of punctu- ality and integrity, in the absence of which no enterprise can be placed upon a lasting foundation. Through all the inflations and depres- sions of trade incident to the days preceding and during the war, Mr. Fenno continued to steadily lengthen and strengthen his stakes, enlarge his commercial relations, extend his premises, increase his facilities and expand his popularity with aU classes of the clothing trade. In 1865 Mr, Charles M. Blake, a native of Vermont, was admitted to partnership, followed by the admission of Messrs. Adams K Tolman and Henry G. Hartshorne in 1868, and Mr. Billings Smith in 1885, foi'ming the firm as at present constituted. The present premises have been occupied since 1874; they comprise four floors, 50 x 160 feet each, splendidly lighted on three sides, and perfectly equipped with every modern facility for insuring rapid and perfect production, including the famous Fenno cloth-cutting machine, the invention of the honored senior partner, which does the work of twenty cutters, cutting from one to three thousand garments per day. The greatest care is exercised in the selection of material, while the latest styles are always embodied, the designing and cutting being done by recog- nized experts and the utmost care being used to secure perfect workmanship. The business is conducted upon correct principles, with a guarantee of the latest mode of fashion, choice imported fabrics and superior workmanship. In point of artistic cutting and reliable manufacture, the goods offered by Messrs. Fenno & Co. cannot be excelled. They are in heavy and permanent demand by the leading retailers of Boston, Providence, Hartford, New Haven, Worcester, Springfield, Lowell, Buffalo, Albany, Troy, Rochester, Syracuse, Fall Eiver, Lawrence, Lynn, Portland, Manchester, Concord, Bridgeport, Salem, New Bedford, Holyoke, Taunton, Gloucester, Haverhill, Brock- ton, Newburyport, Nashua, Pittsfield, Fitchburg, Northampton, Maiden, Waltham, Burlington, Rutland, Montpelier, Brattleboro, Augusta, Bangor, Biddetord, Portsmouth, Dover, Chicopee, Attleboro, Newport, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, and other centers in New England and New York; while jobbers and retailers throughout the west are prominent customers. A corps of talented salesmen represent the interests of the house upon the road and from seventy-five to one hundred clerks, cutters and salesmen are employed in the building, the manufac- turing being all done outside. In clean and healthy workshops, orders are filled with promptness and scrupulous care, and terms and prices are made invariably satisfactory to the trade. The honored founder of the house has long been prominent in the industrial, commer- cial and financial circles of Boston and throughout New England; is president of the Putnam Woolen Company, of Putnam, Conn., and of the Calumet Woolen Company, of Uxbridge, Mass. , a director of the First National Bank, and also interested in other banking institutions, and is an element of strength to every undertaking with which he may be identified. The copartners are all well-known Bostonians, and combine ripe experience and vigorous ability to form a firm of commanding influence, wide popularity and solid worth. L. COBB, Agent for Miners of Bituminous Coal, No. 85 Water Street.— Mr. M. L. Cobb, of No. 85 Water Street, controls a most valuable wholesale coal business, the same having been established by him ten years ago. Mr. Cobb is the exclusive agent in this market for miners of bituminous coal, representing the following: Bell, Lewis & Yates C. M. Co.'s, Reynolds- ville, Pa., all rail ; West Virginia C. & P. Co.'s, Elk Garden Big Vein, of Georges Creek Cumberland Coal ; Cumberland Coal Cio.'s • Big Vein, Cumberland, and Douglas Steam from West Virginia, and the best grades of Clearfield. He handles both foundry coke and soft coal, his connection being made up of the better class of consumers and dealers of the vicinity, his operations however, extending throughout the entire New England section. Mr. Cobb handles coal by the car and cargo, and during the continuity of the year 1891, his sales reached over four hundi-ed thousand tons. The premises occupied by Mr. Cobb are excellently located in one of the most prosperous thoroughfares of the city. They comprise an excellently and elegantly appointed apartment (Room 82), the same being equipped with all modern conveniences, including telephone connection, and a staff of efficient employees is maintained. Mr. Cobb makes cargo shipments from Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York, and " all rail " deliveries by all routes. He is a gentleman of middle age, possessing a comprehensive miscellany of unusual accomplishments. He is a native of Dighton, Mass., his residence at the present time being in Mel. rose. He enjoys an enviable reputation for promptitude, and he merits without the faintest shadow of question, the emphatic confidence of the community with whom are his relations. It would thei'efore be a manifest injustice in pi-eparing a work upon Boston's commercial prosperity to exclude from its pages the name of Mr. Cobb, or a mention of the prosperous business he controls. 180 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. >ANDAIiL, GOOD ALE & CO., Manufacturers of Manilla and Sisal Cordage and Cotton Duck, and Dealers in Anchors, Chains Oakum, Bolt Rope, Etc., Nos. 95 and 97 Commercial Street.— Among the extensive Boston houses engaged in the wholesale trade in cordage, cotton duck, chains, etc., none can point to a more creditable record than that attaching to the establish- ment of Messrs. Randall, Goodale & Co., located at Nos. 95 and 97 Commercial Street. The business of tliis widely known concern was originally founded in 1833 by Joseph Nickerson & Co., and was conducted under that title up to 1884, when the present firm was organized and succeeded to the control. The copartners are Messrs. "William H. Randall, George L. Goodale, Albert Winslow and Albert Partridge, all native Bostonians, and thoroughly experienced in all the departments of the industry in ■which they have achieved such substantial success. The warehouse occupied is a substantial stone structure, having five floors, each 25 x 90 feet in area, affording ample accommodation for the storage of an immense stock. Messrs. Randall, Goodale & Co. are manufacturers of manilla and sisal cordage and cotton duck, selling agents for New England for Washburn & Moen's wire rope, general agents tor the Atlantic Duck Co., and for the Druid Elastic Paint and Fabric Roofing Co, They carry a complete stock of manilla and sisal cordage, cotton duck, wire rope, anchors, chains, oakum, bolt rope, and similar goods, all of the best manufacture. The trade is strictly wholciale, extending aU over the United States; large shipments are also made to all foreign countries and the facilities of the house enable it to meet all orders upon the most favorable terms. Statob op Washington— Public Garden. ■ EW ENGLAND SOAP COMPANY, Manufacturers of Chip Soaps For Mills and Laundries, No. 1 Wool Scour, Diamond Com- pound for Scouring Wool, Emulsions for Softening Cotton and Wool, the Mascot Soap for Family Use, No. 348 Congress Street.-" Cleanliness is next to godliness " says tlie inspired writer. Personal purity is the highest evidence of advanced civilization. Neatness is the watchword of progress and soap is its emblem. Adulteration and debasement of quality has of late years reached the point from which a rebound became natural and necessary, and with the inauguration of reform those manufacturers who had steadily refused to join in the " swim " and produce worthless saponaceous preparations began to reap their reward, the result being that fine goods are in unprecedented and rapidly increasing demand, and the conscientious and high- toned manufacturers' soap is more popular among consumers than at any previous time. One of the most reliable and popular among the concerns engaged in the industry in Boston is that of the New England Soap Company, of No. 348 Congress Street, and of which Mr. Guy T. Carleton is proprietor. Mr. Carleton is successor to the firm of Curtis. Hall & Co., and has developed an extensive trade all throughout New England, because of the superiority of his products, his goods being sold principally to laundries, hotels and wool scourers. The works are equipped with the most improved steam-power machinery. Employment is found for a staff oi skilled workmen and the products include chip soaps for mills, hotels and laundries, No. 1 wool scour, diamond scouring soap, curriers' soaps, and emulsions for softening cotton and wool. The " Mascot " soap for family use is also a specialty. The productive capacity amounts to from six to seven tons^ a day, and a heavy stock is carried to meet the active demand. The company guarantee that there is no filling of any kind in any of their soaps, noth- ing being in their productions but such as are needed for washing qualities, all soaps being made under the personal supervision of Mr. Carleton himself. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 181 gEORGE H. LEONARD & CO., Importers of Oils and Grease, Nos. 201, 203, 205 and 207 Purchase Street, No. 41 India Street.— One of the conspicuous staple business interests of Boston is the trade in oils and greases, and a prominent house engaged therein is that of Messrs. George H. Leonard & Co., located at Nos. 201, 203, 205 and 207 Purchase Street. This firm enjoy an international reputation as manufacturers, importers and dealers in Crescent d6gras, Sicily sumac, English sod, palm, olive, Newfoundland and Labrador cod oils; neat's-foot, castor, sperm, blackfish, straits, refined sole and rough leather oils, American sod, French d6gras, Fi-ench velvet black, etc., making a specialty of oils, dggras, greases, gambier, extracts and sumac. The foundation of the business was laid in 1837, by J. M. Blurdock & Co., who were succeeded by Slurdock & Bundy. and in 1861 Mr. George H. Leonard became a partner, under the firm name of Murdock & Leonard. In 1865 the firm name became George H. Leonard & Co., changing in 1868 to Leonard, Bundy & Co., and back to George H. Leonard & Co. in 1873. In 1S87 they bought the business, lease and good will of the firm of R. G. Norris & Co., and moved to the present location. The premises are admirably adapted to the necessities of the business, and every facility which experience and perfect knowledge of the business can suggest, is at hand and properly applied, and under its present direction the establishment is an honor to its managers and a credit to the city. The range of business transacted is one of the most extensive of any in this line of trade, being practically world-wide. The demands and requirements of tanners, curriers, woolen and cotton mills are promptly met throughout all parts of the United States and in France, Germany, England, Canada and other foreign ports. This firm makes a specialty of importing the best brands and finest qualities of all goods in their line and orders by cable, " Crescent, Bos- ton," by telephone. No. 1013, by telegraph or mail, are filled with the greatest dispatch and at terms and prices which thoroughly satisfy every customer. The members of this responsible firm are Blessrs. George H. Leonard, Frank W. Marden and L. P. Leonard. The senior partner has been continuously engaged in promoting the interests of the oil trade in this city since 1861. Mr. Marden was formerly with the firm of R. G. Norris, and Mr, L. P. Leonard has been in this firm since 1873. Thus all are experienced in the business and have given proof of -their ability and fitness to rank as leaders. in the great American oil trade. gRADFORD, THOMAS & CO., Importers and Wholesale Jobbers in Dry Goods,. No. 48 Bedford Street and No. 45 Avon Street.— The "wholesale trade in dry goods has an honorable and foremost exponent in Boston in the house of Bradford, Thomas & Co., whose spacious store at* No. 48 Bedford Street, has a frontage of 75 feet, and runs back 125 feet to Avon Street, being finely lighted from both sides, This widely-known and time-tried concern was founded in 1836 by Messrs. Blanchard, Converse & Co., and, after a number of minor changes, tlie firm became Taylor, Thomas & Co., continuing under this management up to 1881, when Mr. Taylor died and the firm of Bradford, Thomas & Co. was organized, the copartners being Mr. George H. Bradford, and Mr. Charles M. Thomas, the latter being one of the founders of the house, and a veteran in the business. Both gentlemen possess an expert knowledge of the trade in which they prosecute such a flourishing business, and are recognized by their contemporaries as leading representatives of this branch of commerce. They employ one hundred hands, have seventeen traveling salesmen, and their trade territory includes every section of the United States. Messrs. Bradford, Thomas & Co. are direct importers and wholesale jobbers in staple dry goods of every variety, carry an immense stock at all times and are amply prepared to meet all demands upon the most satisfactory basis. jHE UNION SAFE DEPOSIT VAULTS, for the Deposit of Valuables, and the Renting of Safes, in the Union Building, No. 40 State Street.— Unsurmountable difficulties by no means confront expert knaves who undertake to wreck the strongest safes in the homes, the business offices and the banks they elect to plunder. If the police are not on the alert their exploits are suc- cessful, and such, not infrequently, is the case. It is to be said, however, of safe deposit vaults, the approved treasuries of the day, that not the first attempt against their integrity has suggested itself for experiment during the thirty odd years of their existence. Inspection of the Union Safe Deposit Vaults, located in the Union Building, No. 40 State Street, will prove to all how absolutely this citadel of safety holds one's effects beyond the reach of any class of meddlers. The immovable compartment safe, of which you have the only keys, has the environment of colossal steel vault work unparalleled, as well as bars and bolts, combination locks. Holmes' electric protection, secret safeguards, attendants polite and scrupulous, inviolable privacy, thorough discipline, untiring vigi- lance by day and night, experienced management and police service constant and at command. The ten dollar or fifteen dollar safe will hold a good fortune in stocks and bonds. It will retain your family jewels, relics and souvenirs, valuable papers, surplus earnings and your will, and to it you have the freest resort upon every business day of the year from 9 a. m. to 3 p. m. These vaults were originally opened to the public in 1868, and are as impregnable to both fire and burglars as architectural and mechanical skill and fidelity can combine to make them. The special business of the house is the reception of deposits of any articles 6t value not too bulky, in any amount whatever, however small or large and for any time, or at the convenience of the depositor without specifying any time, offering a special facility to those keeping no bank account. The certificate of deposit given contains a full description of the items of the deposit, which is delivered wholly or in part whenever called for, precisely as deposited, the depositor having the right of access to it. A full record is made on the books, giving the details of every deposit and of its reception and withdrawal, verified by the signature of the depositor. Deposits of money, large or small, are also received subject to check at sight. In the essentials of safety, comfort and convenience to patrons, nothing is left to be desired in the management and equipment of these vaults, while it is the policy of the house to keep pace with the times, and, by adding every improve- ment which experience may suggest, to still further increase the security here afforded to the public. Mr. Henry Lee. the founder and man- ager of this valuable enterprise, and Mr. George C. Lee, the sub-manager, are well-known Bostonians, members of the banking firm of Lee, Higginson & Co., thoroughly educated to their calling and eminent in the financial world as sound, successful bankers and sagacious, responsible business men. |EORGE WINTHROP COFFIN. Agent Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company of New York, No. 29 State Street.— The Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company, of New York, whose general agent at this point is Mr. George Winthrop Coffin, was organized in 1843, as the successor to the Atlantic Insurance Company of New York, which had been in operation since 1825. The Boston agency was established in 1856, and Mr. Coffin has been steadily at the helm throughout all these years. His house is justly recognized as one of the highest standing and responsibility, and the public cannot insure their risks, whether on hulls, cargoes or freights, currency, bonds or stocks in transitu, to better advantage and with more absolute security than through this agency. All the Boston banks, bankers, brokers, importers and ship owners are included among its customers and it does the largest business in the United States, insuring millions of dollars worth of property annijally and collecting from $4,000,000 to $5,000,000 per year in premiums. It has assets amounting to $12,000,000; a surplus for policy-holders of $9,000,000, and is by far the largest marine insurance com- pany in the world. It needs no commendation at our hands. The president, Mr. John D. Jones, has filled that office since 1843, and is the oldest and best informed marine underwriter in this country. Mr. Coffin, the general agent in Boston, is a native and well-known resident of this city, universally popular and respected. Associated with him is Mr. William R. Colby, a native and resident of Salem, who has been connected with marine insurance since 1864 and with this company since 1867. 182 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. J. PAGE, Real Estate Agent and Broker, Room No. 31, No. 83 DeTonshire Street.— The real estate market of Boston is one of the most substantial, active and flourishing to be found in the entire country, and the high standard to which it has been raised must be credited to the honorable methods and public spiritedness of our real estate agents and brokers. One of the oldest, best known and most prominent among those extensively engaged in this field of enterprise is Mr. Charles J. Page, whose office is centrally located at No. 83 Devonshire Street. Mr. Page is anative of Boston and has been a resident here the greater part of his life. Over twenty years ago he estabhshed business as an insurance agent and real estate broker. In this line he has met with the best of success and commands a large, active and most desirable patronage. He makes a specialty of hand- ling property in Waban, one of the loveliest of all of the villages of the city of Newton, which is conveniently situated on the " Circuit Road " of the Boston and Albany Railroad, about thirty minutes ride from Boston. Some of the most desirable building lots in the city of Newton can be obtained on favorable terms and are sold subject to reasonable restrictions. This part of Newton is growing rapidly and attracts the most desirable class of residents. A new school-house has been built, city water, gas and electric lights have been introduced, which, com- bined with the natural attractiveness of fine old shade trees, picturesque scenery, healthy location and near proximity to the Charles River, combine to make Waban the most attractive suburban residence near Boston. Its railroad facilities are unsurpassed, and being on the cir- cuit, trains going either way carry passengers to Boston at short intervals. The rapid and heavy development of Waban justifies the intelli- gent and advanced methods by which its attractions have been brought to the notice of the best people. Mr. Page negotiates loans on bonds or mortgages, buys and sells mortgages and profitably invests capital for investors. He is treasurer of the Real Estate and Building Com- pany which owns nearly all the desirable building lots in the thriving town of Hyde Park. As treasurer of the Suffolk Co-operative Savings Bank, facihties are offered for making loans on real estate through this most sensible and convenient method. Circulars givingfuU infor- mation can be had from him on application in person or by postal card. He is in every way thoroughly identified with the best interests and progress of the community. E. DAVIDSON, Fire Insurance, Room 57, No. 38 School Street.— A responsible, reUable insurance agent of this city, and one who stands high in public confidence is Mr. W. E. Davidson, whose office is eligibly located at Room 57, No. 38 School Street. This gentleman is prepared to place policies in any company desired and possesses unusually fine facilities for placing large lines of insurance on mills, factories, school-houses, business blocks and general merchandise stocks at reasonable rates. He is thoroughly experienced as an underwriter and adjuster, and his connections in the insurance world enable him to give the very best possible indemnity that can be furnished by responsible and wealthy corporations. The officers and managers of the leading companies have entire confidence in the judgment and integrity of Mr. Davidson, which enables him to secure equal and exact justice to all parties in interest when a loss occurs. He is doing a substantial and constantly increasing business and numbers among his e.xtensive clientele many of the solid citizens and leading business men of this city and its suburbs. Mr, Davidson is a native of Massachu- setts and a resident of Maiden. He is a gentleman of entire probity of character, as well as of sagacity and ability, who is worthy of every trust and confidence. I^^WNDERHAY OIL COMPANY, Machinery Oils, Etc., No. 275 Franklin Street.— Among the business interests which have been |v\* '.| largely conducive to the commercial greatness and prosperity of Boston, a prominent place must be awarded to the oil trade; 15^^ and among its leading representatives is the Underhay Oil Co., of No. 375 Franklin Street. They are extensive wholesale dealers in cylinder, engine, spindle, machinery, screw-cutting and wool oils of the finest quality; and are sole proprietors of the celebrated " Monarch " oils, the excellence of which is known to consumers in all sections of the country. This concern is now a branch of the Standard Oil Co., ana was organized in January, 1891, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, succeeding the firm of Messrs. Underhay & Co., which was formed in 1879. The officers of the company are as follows: John Underhay, president; George N. Spear, treasurer: and D. J. Goss, general manager, all of whom were members of the original firm, and are Boston, ians. The premises occupied by tlie company comprise the ground floor and basement, 75 x 75 feet in dimensions. They employ twenty persons in this establishment, and have eight traveling salesmen, their business extending throughout New England and the Provinces. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 1S3 I VLLY & COLLINS, Importers, Jobbers and Retailei's, Hosiery. Underwear and Fancy Dry Goods, Nos. 502, 504, 506 VVashing- ton Street, and Nos. 1 and 3 Bedford Street.— There is probably no firm in their line in Boston more widely or more favorably known than that of Lally & Collins, Nos. 502, 504 and 506 Washington Street, and Nos. 1 and 3 Bedford Street. They are import: ers, jobbers and retailers in hosiery, underwear and fancy dry goods. They operate an underwear factory also at Wakefield, and their trade, which is exceedingly large, extends all over the United States. The house is, in all respects, a leading and representative one, and maintains a standing in commercial circles second to no concern of the kind in this city. This flour- ishing business was established about thirteen years ago by Lally, Leach & Collins, and under the firm name indicated was conducted up to 1887, when the present style was adopted. They occupy spacious and commodious premises as office and salesrooms, which are well appointed and excellently arranged for the storage and display of goods, and employ an efficient staff of clerks and salesmen, with ten rep- resentatives on the road, besides. A vast and varied assortment is constantly carried in stock here, comprising everything comprehended in hosiery, underwear, knit goods, and light and fancy dry goods; and all orders are filled in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner, the proprietors exercising immediate supervision over every department, while rock-bottom prices are quoted, the house being in a position to offer exceptional inducements to the trade. Messrs. Wm. J. Lally and W. P. Collins, the individual members of the firm, are gentlemen in the prime of life; and Mr. Lally is a native Bostonian, while Mr. Collins is a "Vermonter. They are men of energy and enterprise, as well as thorough experience, being raised in the dry goods business; and are active members of the Boston Merchants' Association. jAY STATE BRICK COMPANY, No. 5 Pemberton Square, H. P. Mallory, Treasurer.— One of the representative industries of Boston and the largest of the kind in the United States, which has gained a national reputation for the superiority and gen- eral excellence of its products, is the Bay Stale Brick Company, whose office is located at No. 5 Pemberton Square, with plants at North Cambridge and Medford, Mass. This is the largest concern of the kind in tlie United States, its works cover- ing an area of 350 acres, with a capacity of 60,000,000 to 75,000,000 of bricks per year, their products reaching to every part of the country, the demand increasing every year. The company manufacture only sand-struck brick, of a very fine grade. This brick is unexcelled for toughness, resistance and the non-absorption of moisture, and by actual test, shows a better quality and twice the strength of any other brick coming into the market. Another recommendation for these superior bricks is that nine hundred go as far as one thousand ordinary bricks, laying ten per cent, more than the ordinary, which is a saving of both time, labor and expense, and they are general favorites with contractors, builders, masons and the trade in general. These bricks were used in the arch under the steeple of Trinity Church, and there was much discussion at the time as to whether the brick could withstand the heavy strain brought to bear upon it, but it has never moved, and is as solid to-day as when it was erented. Another test of the durability of these bricks was shown in the recent fire in the Sears Building; the party wall, composed of this brick, having saved Young's Hotel from taking fire. In fact, these bricks have been highly commended by builders everywhere, and it would be hard to find a building of any note in Boston and vicinity that is not eitt',:? entirely, or in part, composed of the brick of this company. The company was organized in 1863. and incorporated under the state laws of Massachusetts, the officers being: president, S. A. Carlton; treasurer, H. P. Mallory. Both gentlemen are natives of Boston, and prominently known in financial and business circles and have long been identified with the brick manufacturing industry. The works of the company are finely equipped and employment is given to over six hundred hands. An immense stock is at all times carried and orders are promptly filled and shipped to any part of the United States. Under the present honorable and capable management, the Bay State Brick Company has achieved a success and reputation which places the officers of the company among the leading representatives of Boston's manufacturers and merchants. ?]HARLES W. ALLEN, Manufacturer and Wholesale Dealer in Cane and Wood Seat Chairs, Nos. 49, 53 and 57 Fulton Street. — One of the most extensive businesses in this city, engaged in the manufacture of, and dealing in cane and wood seat chairs, etc., is that of Mr. Charles W. Allen, successor to Messrs. Clifford & AJlen, located at Nos. 49, 53 and 57 Fulton Street. This house was instituted in 1860 by Wm. H. S. Hills, who, in 1879, was succeeded by Messrs. Forbush & Clifford. In 1883, the present sole proprietor, Mr. Charles W. Allen, joined the firm in association with Mr. Clifford, as Clifford & Allen; and in January, 1891, assumed sole control of affairs. The business consists chiefly of manufacturing and jobbing of furniture and chairs in the white, which are finished and prepared for sale, on the premises. The firm's perspicuous judgment in the selection of their goods, and the high code of principles under which business is conducted, have resulted in extending wholesale trade to all the principal commercial centers throughout the New England States— which is of truly large proportions; as is amply testified by the premises that it is found necessary to' maintain. These consist of four buildings on Fulton Street, and two on Commercial Street; each consisting of four floors, each having a superficial area of 25 x 60 feet. The arrangement and general equipment of these, with every conven- ience incidental to the extensive business carried on, are complete; the salesrooms, are replete with every description of furniture and chairs known to the trade, and are fitted for the most advantageous display and expeditious handling of the elegant stock carried. This comprises cane and wood-seat chairs, settees, tables, bureaus, bedsteads and reed chairs, all of the most artistic designs, of the finest quality and workmanship, and as durable as any in the market. The business in its many ramifications gives regular employment to thirty skilled and practical assistants; and every detail of the enterprise ig watched and guarded with zealous care and attention by the experienced prin- cipal, who is unremitting in his endeavers to fully merit the liberal measure of confidence and enduring support that the firm is accorded throughout the entire New England States. Mr. Allen is a member of the New England Furniture Exchange, is still a young man, and is a native of this state. A specialty is made of furnishing churches, vestries, parlors and halls, with fine settees, chairs and kindred furniture. Estimates are cheerfully furnished and catalogues sent upon application. VMUEL I. COY, Gentlemen's Caf^, and Ladies' and Gentlemen's Dining Rooms, Nos. 243, 245, 247 and 249 Atlantic Avenue. — The modern restaurant is a leading feature among the institutions conducing to our comfort and convenience, and many of them are under the personal management of some of our most progressive citizens. Among this number in Boston we note a high degree of popularity enjoyed by Mr. Samuel I. Coy, whose well-known restaurant is at Nos. 243, 245, 247 and 249 Atlantic Avenue. Mr. Coy is an experienced caterer, brought up to the business of ministering to the " inner man," and in his present venture has spared neither labor nor expense in the effort to please the public and render his house popular with, and the regular resort of, the business men of Boston, and of such transient sojourners as appreciate thegoodthingsof life, pre- pared in the highest style of the art, and served in an unexceptional manner. That he has succeeded is evident from the large and con- stantly increasing patronage extended, and the general air of prosperity and pleasant bustle that pervades the entire place. Mr. Coy is a native of East Cambridge, resides in Boston, and is one of its best known citizens. He has been identified with the restaurant business since 1856, and from 1865 to 1874 conducted a dining-room at Nos. 65-73 North Market Street. In 1873, with a partner, the firm being Brooks & Coy, he opened the present restaurant, and for the past ten years has been sole proprietor. Guests of Mr. Coy's restaurant are provided with first class meals, from 4 a. m., to 7.30 p. m., served promptly by polite and attentive -waiters, and at the most reasonable prices. 184 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. I OHN H, AILMAN, Optician, No. 6 Brorafleld Street.— The profession of the optician and oculist is one of the utmost impor- tance in this country, owing to the steady increasing prevalence of the many diiSculties arising from imperfectly con- structed eyes. The leading and most accomplished optician in Boston is Mr. John H. Ailman, whose office and store are at No. 6 Bromfield Street. Mr. Ailman was boi-n at Newport, p. I., but has resided in this city the e;reater part of his life, and his home is now at Jamaica Plains. He established business here twenty-nine years ago, has always kept on Bromfield Street, and has been at his present store the past fifteen yeai-s. He has built up a splendid patronage, his fame has gone abroad, and he receives special cases from all parts of the world. He is an expert in fitting and malting glasses for the various complications of defective vision, etc., inserts artificial eyes which exactly resemble the natural ones, executes order work and repairing, and attends to all branches of the business, in which he is aided by four skilled assistants. The premises occupied comprise a compact store and work- shop, excellently equipped, and a large stock is carried of eye-glasses, spectacles, and optical goods of all kinds, all of fir.st-class manufac- ture. It is the only place in the city exclusively devoted to the legitimate optical business in all its branches. Orders receive Mr. Ailman's personal attention, and are satisfactory in every instance. 5EORGE L. WADSWOETH, Real Estate, Insurance and Mortgages, Rogers Building, No. 209 iWashington Street, Room 21.— The rapid development of the real estate market of Boston and the steadily enhancing values of choice property within easy reach of the city, render the financial interests involved of paramount importance. .No form of investment has latterly become so popular with conservative investors as eligibly located seashore property, and among those gentlemen in Boston who make the wants of that class of purchasers their' special study should be named Mr. George L. Wadsworth, whose city office is in Rogers Building, No. 209 Washington Street, with a branch oiHce at Winthrop, Mass. This gentleman has been estabUshed in the real estate and insurance business here since 1886, and makes a specialty of handling North Shore property, both as a dealer, agent and broker. He offers for sale or let delightful sites, and also permanent and summer houses at Ocean Spray, Crescent Beach, Thornton Park, Beachmont, Cottage Hill, Winthrop Highlands, Cottage Park, Point Shirley, Winthrop Center, Woodside Park, Bartlett Park and Sunny Side. Terms are cash or on installments as may be desired by the investor. All the improvements necessary tor the health and comfort of sojourners have been made at these beaches; sewers have been laid the entire length of the beach, and there is now perfect drainage, pure running water, excellent surf bathing, fine drives along the ocean front, electric lights, pure air, no [saloons, and all the advantages of the seashore within twenty-flve minutes of Boston. For those who delight in marine and landscape scenery, Winthrop High- lands cannot be excelled. It is one of the most attractive seashore resorts on the Massachusetts coast, while it is rapidly increasing in value and population. Its fine residences, broad avenues and frequent trains to Boston, make it particularly desirable for business men, who wish to spend the summer at the beach and attend to business daily. Mr. Wadsworth has some two hundred cottages at Winthrop to rent for next season, while lots can be purchased of him at most reasonable prices and on extremely easy terms. He is also prepared to promptly place the largest fire insurance risks, in reliable companies only, quoting the lowest rates of premium, and guaranteeing a speedy and Uberal adjustment of all losses. Mr. Wadsworth is a native Bostonian, and a young man of large business experience, influential connections and sterling enterprise, vrith whom it will be found both pleasant and profitable to deal. gODGMAN RUBBER COMPANY, Rubber Goods Manufacturers, No. 32 School Street. —The many uses to which India rubber can be put, both for practical utility and for ornament, have led many capitalists and public-spirited citizens to embark In its manufacture into all the .different articles of which it is susceptible of being transformed, either singly or in combination mth other articles, and many enormous companies and firms have been connected with the view of mak- ing this one of the leading enterprises of our country. One of the old- established, as well as most enterprising houses engaged therein is that conducted by the Hodgman Rubber Company, whose Boston office and warerooms are located at No. 32 School Street. The foundation of this business was laid in 1838, by Mr. Daniel Hodg- man, in New York City. At his death the business was continued by his sons under the firm name of Hodgman & Company, until 1886, when the present company was incor- porated under the laws of the State of New York, with a capital of $300,000 and with George F. Hodgman, president and treasurer; Charles A. Hodgman, vice-president; George B. Hodgman, secretary. The Boston store was opened in 1887, and has been contin- ually under the management of Mr. H. C. Noyes, who has a foundation understanding of all the details of the business and the requirements of the trade, and is eminently populai- and successful in meeting all its demands. The factories of the company are situated at Tuck- ahoe and Mount Vernon, N. Y., where several hundred bands are constantly employed and ■where every modern facility is at hand for insuring rapid and perfect production. The company make a leading specialty of the manufacture of mackintoshes and rubber cloth- ing of all kinds, while their output also embraces immense quantities of general rubber goods. The spacious salesrooms in this city are stocked to repletion with new, novel and elegant goods, and the business is brisk and lively at both wholesale and retail. Here can be found everything required in this line, from a rubber ball or doll to the handsomest and most durable rubber suits for either sex, while each article is made in many styles and in all sizes and manufactured and finished in the most artistic and workmanlike manner. The NewYork stores of the company are located at the corner of Broadway and Grand Street and at No. 21 W. Twenty-third Street, from whence goods are shipped to all parts of the United States. The trade of the Boston house is confined to New England and is large and active in such prominent trade centers as Boston, Providence, Lowell, Worcester, New Haven, Hartford, Springfield, Manchester, Concord, Fall River, Lynn, Lawrence, Portland, Bangor. Pawtucket, Woonsocket, New Bedford, Newport, New London, Bridgeport, Bur- lington, Rutland, Brattleboro, Nashua, Fitchburg, Holyoke, Portsmouth, St. Albans, Mont- pelier, Augusta and Lewiston. The Messrs. Hodgman are expert and practical manufac- turers, of high repute in the trade, and are fortunate in their manager for New England. Mr. Noyes is a native' of Connecticut, a resident of Boston since 1871 and was connected I with Clapp, Evans & Co., C. M. Clapp & Co., and the American Rubber Company, previous to accepting his present post. Orders by telephone. No. 717, by telegraph or mail, receive his immediate personal attention, and all interests entrusted to his] care are zealously watched and intelligently promoted. Rnish. BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 185 C. WHITCOMB & CO., Eleotrotypers and Stereotypers, Nos. 43 Arch and 181 Devonshire Streets.— The year of 1864 is the date of the foundation of the firm of H. C. Whitcomb & Co., Eleotrotypers and Stereotypers, and the connection enjoyed by the house is of extensive magnitude, embi-acing within its spliere the entire section of New England. A specialty is made of superior work and to the house belongs the honorable distinction of being one of the largest of its kind in the country . * and the leader in introducing improved machinery and facilities for producing the best work in the quickest possible time. The business premises comprise two floors, the same displaying the perfection of appropriate equipment and able management and cover an area of five thousand feet. The house has in constant operation three large furnaces, and a force of forty skilled assistants is constantly employed. The original location of the premises was a small room about 15 s 20 feet in Harvard Place, after ward removing to No. 15 Water Street and then to No. 22 Blilk Street, each time to get greater facilities ; buc seven years ago, the exigencies of the great and growing business demanded the occupation of still more commodious quarters, and the present location was accordingly taken up. The partnership comprises the joint endeavors of two of the ablest and soundest business men in the country— Mr. H. C. Whit- comb, one of the original founders, and Mr. Joseph H. Ware, both natives of Boston and practical experts at their calling. The historian who has set himself the task of recording the conditions of and statistics relative to the industrial prosperity of the capital city of the Bay State, has no more dehghtful and instructive experience than that afforded by an examination of the fortunes of a reputable house Uke this. B. SWIFT, Manufacturers' Agent, and Commission Merchant, No. 56 Bedford Street.— With ten years' experience in the dry goods trade at his command, Mr. J. B. Swift, of No. 56 Bedford Street, is enabled to act with consummate ability as a commission merchant and manufacturers' agent; a fact which is amply attested by the very extensive trade he has been enabled to accrue, reaching as it does, among wholesale and retail dealers located in the principal cities throughout the New England States. For the past four years, Mr. Swift has been established as a commission merchant, while he also acts as the duty accredited New England Agent for Messrs. Cromwell Brothers, manufacturers of cotton linings, etc, of New York, and the Brooklyn Shield Company, manufacturers of Dress Shields. Mr. Swift is a native of Massachusetts, still a young man and was formerly engaged with a wholesale dry goods house in this city. I HE GREAT ATLANTIC & PACIFIC TEA COMPANY, Importing Retailers in Teas, Coffees, Baking Powder and Condensed Milk, Edward Weadick, Manager, No. 92 Court Street.— The Great Atlantic and Pacific Tea Company is the pioneer in importing and supplying direct to the consumers in the United States, teas and coffees, and they now have upwards of two hundred stores established in all the principal cities and towns of the Union. The company's headquarters are at Nos. 35-37 Vesey Street, New York, where they carry millions of pounds of the choicest teas and coffees which they have imported by the shipload. The headquarters in Boston are at No. 92 Court Street. The store is handsomely appointed, and equipped with all conveniences, including a cash railway system, and two large coffee grinders, driven by a gas engine. The place was established in 1875, and has from the start been conducted under the management of Mr. Edward Weadick. A heavy stock is carried of the. finest teas, coffees, baking powder, sugar and condensed milk, all fresh and reliable, and offered at the lowest prices. Branch stores are located at No. 20 Eliot Street, near Washington; No. 1078 Tremont Street, corner Sterling Street; No. 109 Meridan Street, East Boston; No. 305 West Broad- way, second door from D. Street, South Boston ; No. 326 Broadway, between Third and Fourth Streets, Chelsea. Mr. Weadick is an able manager, popularly known in the community, and in him the Great Atlantic and Pacific Company has a most worthy representative. jDMUND W. MILLER, Manufacturer of Miller's Reform Boot, No. 5J Hamilton Place.— In the manufacture of ladies' boots the dictates of fashion are most generally followed, to the exclusion of common-sense and the sacrifice of comfort. There are exceptions to all rules, however, and the " Miller Reform Boot " is at once elegant, sensible, comfortable and durable, being made on strictly anatomical principles. It is perfectly easy when first put on, and the painful process of "breaking in " is entirely done away with. The only manufacturer of these ideal boots is Mr. Edmund W. Miller, No. 51 Hamilton Place. He makes the finest grade only, and deals exclusively in goods of his own manufacture. His trade is with the very best and most desirable class of patrons, and the making of boots to order is a specialty that receives particular attention. His factory, in which a number of skilled workmen are employed, is located on La Grange Street. Mr. Miller ma.MHra^B>. nevertheless, of considerable magnitude, and comprises a patronage among jobbers, clothing manufacturers and large retail dealers. The business was estabUshed in 1869 by Mr. P. B. Howard, who, in addition to his flourishing connection as a commission merchant, acts as the duly accredited representative for European mills and New York houses in woolens and linings, his wide range of practical experience in the trade enabling him to handle only the finest qualities of goods, while his energy, perseverance and sound ability are mainly responsible tor the very satisfactory business he has succeeded in building up for his worthy principals. Mr. Howard is a native of Boston, now of middle age, and learned the trade in a woolen mill. He is esteemed as a thor- ough business man and for his inflexible integrity and unsullied record as a merchant. C. HAEDY & Co., Doors, Sashes, Blinds, Glazed Windows, Nos. 59, 61, 63, 65 and 67 Charlestown Street.— Perhaps not one among Boston's older firms engaged in the handling of builders' supplies is more widely or favorably known than that of A. C. Hardy & Co., whose capacious " Blue Front Store" is located at Nos. 59-67 Charlestown Street, opposite Beverly Street, near Boston and Maine depot, extending through to Lynn Street. They are dealers in doors, sashes, blinds, glazed windows and * moldings; also stair rails, balusters, insigle finish, and lumber of every description, and the trade, which is exceedingly large, extends throughout New England and portions of New York State. This flourishing enterprise was established in 1848 by the father of the present proprietor and is one of the oldest in New England, and from its inception has been a highly successful ven- ture, the business growing apace. The premises occupied comprise two stores and lofts, each 40 x 100 feet in dimensions, and are well ordered and excellently arranged, and a large number of help are employed. An extensive, varifed and complete stock is constantly kept on hand here, the specialties being doors, sashes, blinds and glazed windows, while special attention is also given to turning out special sizes shapes, etc., of building work to order and all orders by telephone No. 3063, mail, or otherwise, are attended to in the most expeditious and reliable manner. The prices quoted are maintained at the very lowest possible figures, the most hberal inducements being oltered to build- .ers and contractors ; and relations once formed with this responsible firm are reasonably certain of leading to an enduring business connec- tlon. Mr. Hardy, who is the sole proprietor, is a gentleman in the prime of life, and a native of this state. He is a man of energy and enter- prise, thoroughly reliable in his dealings, and has won success by deserving it. E. MERRIMAN, Dealer in Whalebone, No. S4 Lincoln Street.— The leading headquarters for whalebone in Boston is the establishment of Mr. F. E. Merriman, located at No. 24 Lincoln Street. This gentleman is an extensive dealer in whalebone, either in the raw material, or manufactured into whip-bone, corset bone, dress-bone, etc., manufacturing his own goods, and possessing every modern facility for the systematic and successful prosecution of the business in all its departments. ' He established his business here over twenty years ago, early giving the subject a thorough investigation— which resulted in the invention by him of numerous special tools— and employing every means and method to improve the quality, enhance the value and cheapen the cost of production. As a result, he has .. ^ — r - " r -- ~ "^"^^7-^ — -^-- produced a line of whalebone un- •surpassed in this or any other market, and has developed the leading trade therein in this sec- tion of the country. He has the best possible connections with lead- ing sources of supply, securing the raw material in vast quanti- ties, and at the most advantageous rates, and jemploying only skilled and expert hands in its manufac- ture into whip bone, corset bone, dress bone, and other articles for which he has become so widely noted. The goods go to all parts of the United States and to foreign countries, and are preferred by dealers and consumers wherever introduced to any other make on account of their great reliability, durability and uniform excellence. Orders of whatever magnitude are filled with promptness and care, at prices which ai'e rarely, if ever, duplicated elsewhere. Mr. Merriman is a Massachusetts man by birth and training, and is still in the active prime of life. He is thoroughly experienced in all the needs and requirements of his patrons, is enterprising and progressive in his methods of manufacture, rehable and responsible in all his dealings, and of excellent repute and standing in business and trade circles. jERBERT C. CHURCH, Banker and Broker, No. 53 Congress Street.— A widely known house in connection with the Boston stock and bond market is that of Mr. Herbert C. Church. He deals largely in corporation and municipal bonds; also handles real estate mortgages, and buys and sells bonds, stocks and securities on commission. He established himself in business originally in New York, in 1880, and in 1886 engaged with the banking firm of Cordley & Co., in this city, withdrawing there- from in 1889 and opening his present office. His career has been marked by that energy, tact and; keen appreciation of opportunity so essential to permanent success in the " city." Through his extended and influential connections he possesses exceptional facilities, not only for the prompt fulfillment of his own engagements, but also for the successful negotiation of operations requiring large suras of money tor others. He is likewise prominent as eastern agent tor the International Loan and Trust Company, of Kansas City, Mo. This company has a cash capital of $1,000,000. and offers investors guaranteed short time paper.debenture bonds, national bank stocks, real estate first mortgages, corporation and municipal bonds, and other choice investment securities. Special attention is called to their short time paper, payment of which is fully guaranteed at maturity by this company, and payable in Boston or New Y'ork funds without charge for exchange. This paper is amply secured by collateral or by names of banks or individuals of undoubted credit and with the strong endorsement and guarantee of this company is especially desirable for national banks and others desiring short time invest- ments promptly paid at maturity. Mr. Church is in a position to offer opportunities tor the purchase of government and other guaranteed dividend-paying bonds and stocks which are unsurpassed by any of his contemporaries in the city, and his house is cordially commended to all capitalists who desu-e a good and safe income, with absolute security for their investments. Mr. Church is a native of New York, and through merit and promptness in attending to his patrons' interests he has attained a leading position in this important branch of the stock market. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. |HE NEW ENSIiAND NATIONAL BANK, Equitable Building, No. 150 Devonsliire Street.— One of the oldest and strongest fiduciary institutions of Boston is the New England National Bank, whose banking rooms are eligibly located in the Equitable Building, No. 150 Devonshire Street. It was originally incorporated in 1813, as the New England Bank, being reorganized under the national banking laws in 1865, and has steadily maintained a high position in the financial world, doing a sate and flourishing business throughout all these years. Its capital of $1,000,000 has been kept at the same figure from its inception, and this is now strengthened by a surplus of $600,000, with undivided profits of $120,144.31, while its individual deposits amount to over $2,500,000. It does a remunerative general business, discounting the best class of commercial paper, loaning on proper col- lateral, buying and selling exchange, and making collections on all points through its chain of correspondents. The bank has ever retained the confidence of leading commercial and financial circles, and numbers among its permanent patrons many of our largest manufacturers, merchants, importers and capitalists. The statement of its condition made November 30, 1891, is the following: resources: loans and dis- counts, $3,328,018.57; stocks and bonds, $78,400. ; due'from banks, $386,779.87; redemption fund, $2,350; expenses and taxes paid, $12,975.15; cash, $527,840.19; total, $4,336,263,78. Liabilities: capital stock, $1,000,000; surplus fund, $600,000; undivided profits, $120,144.31; dividends unpaid, $4,355.50; circulation, $45,000; deposits, $2,566,763.97; total, $4,336,263,78. The officers and directors of the New England National are as follows, to wit: presidejit, Charles W. Jones; cashier, Charles F. Swan. Directors: Samuel Atherton, retired merchant; John T. Bradlee, retired merchant; John D. W, Joy, wholesale dry goods dealer; Charles W. Jones, cotton manufacturer; William 6. iVIeans, treasurer Man- chester Locomotive Works; J. Herbert Sawyer, cotton manufacturer. These are able and representative business men, whose names are synonymous with stability and integrity, and whose presence on the board of the New England National Banh affords the best possible guar- antee of its continued prosperity and usefulness. President Jones brings special qualifications to bear upon his position, and there is no more able, prudent and reliable financier than he. In Sir, Swan the bank has a cashier of expert judgment and vast practical experience, who has been connected with the institution since 1846, cashier since 1873, and unremitting in his devotion to the interests of the bank and deservedly popular with its patrons. F. CORNE, Importer of Paper Stock, No. 104 State Street.— Mr. Come is an importer of paper stock from Europe, and established his business ten years ago. He handles only high-grade goods, his operations being, nevertheless, of extensive magnitude. Although his transactions are mainly in New England he has a connection extending throughout the entire country; his clients being, mainly, the better class paper makers. Mr. Corne is a practical expert at his calling, and, prior to entering upon his presenl business, he was engaged in banking. He possesses, in marked significance, a comprehensive range of unusual commercial accomplishments and merits the respect of the whole trade. A treatise upon the commer- cial prosperity of the capital city of the Bay State, to be operative must be perfect, and such, assuredly, it would not be, did its pages contain no reference to Mr. Corne and his prosperous calling. ;EGGS & COBB, Tanners and Curriers, No. 82 Summer Street and No. 295 Devonshire Street.— This is a leading house in its special branch of the trade in Boston and enjoys a national reputation as manufacturer of oil grain, buff, glove and pebble grain crimping and shoe splits, with tannery at Winchester, Mass., and currying shop at Woburn, Mass., and with head- quarters at the address given above. This firm started in business in 1879. with a capital of $5,000, and have continued to lengthen and strengthen their stakes, extend their commercial relations, increase their facilities for doing business, and expand their popularity with the trade, until they have invested $450,000 in the enterprise and reached a pre-eminence in the industry of which they have every reason to be proud. They have lately taken the Moseley tannery at Winchester, which is over three hundred per cent, larger than the one already operated, and now have a tanning capacity of fifteen hundred sides per day, employing one hundred and twenty -five men; while the currying shop at Woburn gives employment to one hundred more. The pi'oductions of this flour- ishing firm are goods of exceptional merit, being recognized as^the ne plus ultra in glove, oil grain and shoe splits, and are in extensive and growing demand throughout the entire country, particularly so among the New England shoe manufactories. A full and fine line of stock is kept constantly on hand, from which the largest orders are promptly filled. The firm is composed of William Beggs and Elisha W. Cobb, the foimders of the business, and Alex, Moseley as special partner, Mr. Beggs is known and honored in the trade as the inventor of the improved attachment to the Union splitting machine, and is the practical tanner of the firm, having personal charge of the tannery and fac- tory. Mr. Cobb is the business manager at tlie Boston office and a practical leather man. Mr. Mosele.v became a special partner December 1, 1890, and was formerly connected with Loring & Avery. All are Massachusetts men by birth, and enjoy the highest repute. ^LFRED CLAPP & CO., Wholesale Lumber Dealers, Rooms 814-^15 Exchange Building, No. ,53 State Street.— The growth of the lumber trade of Boston has kept pace with the advancement of its industrial resources, and in no other single branch of ,re greater facilities offered our people than in obtaining supplies of lumber of all kinds upon the most advanta- geous terms. This fact is the result'of the enterprise of the wholesale lumber dealers and shippers, who have placed this city among the leading markets of the country for this staple. One of the leading houses in the trade is that of Alf r«d Clapp cS; Co., of which Mr. Clapp is the sole proprietor, and whose offices are in Rooms 814-815 Exchange Building, No, 53 State Street. The business was established eight years ago, and has been conducted with annually increasing success and influence, its operations now extending generally throughout the New England States. The firm deal in all kinds of eastern, western, northern and southern lumber, both hard and soft woods. Supplies are received direct from the lumber mills. A very large trade is met, the annual sales running from 15,000,000 to 30,000,000 feet per year. The reputation of this house in the trade for enterprise and liberality is not excelled by any contempo- raneous concern, while the resources and facilities at command make it one of the most desirable establishments in the city with which to form pleasant and profitable relations. Mr. Clapp is a native of Boston, an active member of the Bay State Lumber Dealers' Association, and sustains an excellent status in business circles. jRED I. CLAYTON, Military and Civic Tailor, No. 8 City Hall Avenue.— A popular and prominent representative of the tailor's art is Mr. Fred. I. Clayton, whose establishment is eligibly located at No. 8 City Hall Avenue. He has been engaged in this business since 1868, and is a gentleman of exquisite (aste, judgment and integrity, by the exercise of which he has built up a large and permanent trade among our wealthy and refined citizens. His establishment comprises a store of two floors, of ample dimensions, which are commodious and elegantly fitted up and contain at all times a complete assortment of the finest imported goods from which the most critical and fastidious can easily suit himself, while the fit and finish of the house are too well known as perfection to need any further comment. The facilities of the house for the pi'ompt fulfillment of all orders is unexcelled. From eight to twelve assistants are employed in the store and shop, and all garments are made up outside. Mr. Clayton is him- self a practical tailor and cutter and gives to the business his personal supervision. A specialty is made of manufacturing uniforms in the best and most satisfactoi-y manner, while the most reasonable prices at all times 5)revail. Mr. Clayton has been eminently successful in this business and has an inHuential patronage in this city and throughout New England. His high pereonal character is a sufficient assurance of the reliable manner in which all orders are filled. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 189 Boston Common — Beacon Street Mall. pHN L. STEVENSON & CO., Importers and Dealers in Wines, Spirits and Cigars, Sole Agents of Due De Mon tebello Cham- pagne, Nos. 2 and 4 Faneuil Hall Square.— For the period of thirty years intervening between the year 1863 and the present time, the name of Messrs. John L. Stevenson & Co., has been conspicuously prominent as one of the representative houses of its class in the capital city of the Bay State. The business is that of importers of and dealers in wines, spirits and cigars, and the premises occupied by the concern are located at Nos. 2 and 4 Faneuil Hall Square. The house engages both at retail and wholesale, the specialty being the latter. It has transactions in both free and bonded goods and handles the very highest qualities thereof. The house formerly engaged in the manufacture of cigars, their private brand being the " Smuggler," and they are sole agents for the celebrated " Due de Montebello " champagne. The premises are excellent in the matter of location and equipment and com- prise five floors, each covering a substantial area, the first being arranged and appointed as a retail department. Messrs. John L. Stevenson and Charles D. White constitute the personnel of the partnership, each of which gentlemen is an able, conscientious and enterprising business man. Mr. Stevenson is a middle aged gentleman commanding great respect, and is the president of the Massachusetts Wine and Spirit Association. Mr. White has been connected with the house for a period of twenty-five years and is a native of Boston. Boston's prosper- ity to be reflected completely upon the pages of a work of the character of the one under preparation, must comprise within its represen- tative elements the name of this reputable house. TJHARLES KIMBALL & CO., Commission Merchants in Fruit and Produce, Corner Atlantic Avenue and Clinton Street.— A prominent leader in its special field of commercial activity, the house of Charles Kimball & Co., commission merchants iu fruits and produce, is fully entitled to special mention in any work bearing upon the mercantile progress of Boston. This establishment was founded in 184.5 by Mr. Charles Kimball, who adopted the trade name of Charles Kimball & Co. He was for many years a prominent figure in the fruit and produce market, and his death, which occurred in 18S5, was generally regretted. He was succeeded by Messrs. Newton A. Hoak and James Misochi, who had been his partners for a number of years, and they still retain the original firm style. Mr. Hoak is a native of Maine, but has resided in Boston for twenty-two years. Mr. Misochi was born in this city. Both are members of the Fruit and Produce Exchange, and are popularly known as progressive, enterprising, business men. The firm's office and salesroom are at the corner of Atlantic Avenue and Clinton Street, while their warehouse, a five-story, 25 X 100 feet building, is on Commercial Wharf. Employing a staff of twenty-five hands, and having perfected facilities, they carry on a very heavy trade as commission merchants in fruits and produce of all kinds, receiving consignments from all parts of the United States. A leading specialty is made of potatoes, and consignments of this vegetable are also received from England, Ireland and Scotland, and Prince Edwards Island. The firm make shipments to all sections of the Union. Consignments are always solicited, and their record assures the highest market prices and promptest returns in every instance. 190 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. iNUFACTUREES NATIONAL BANK, Corner Summer and Devonshire Streets.— Boston is to be cordially congratulated upon the soundness and solvency of its banks and iiscal institutions, prominent among which is the Manufacturers National Bank, occupying its own elegant building at the corner of Summer aud Devonshire streets. The banking rooms are locatedon the ground tioor, and are so admirably arranged for tlie rapid transaction of a large volume of business that of the hundreds daily doing business with the institution, all are promptly attended to, and there is no detention. As through the handsome portal one enters the establishment, its immensity is the first impression conveyed to the mind. So simple are all the arrange- ments that the stranger can easily find his way to any of the numerous departments, while despite the turmoil of business, a quiet elegance pervades the place, and one feels intuitively that he is in one of the best managed institutions of the kind in the world. The Manufacturers National Bank was incorporated in 187.3, and exists to-day, like a financial Gibraltar, with title and nature of business unchanged. Its capi- tal stock is $500,000, and its officers and directors are as follows: viz.. President, Weston Lewis; cashier, Francis E. Seaver. Directors: Nathan P. Coburn, Benj. W. Munroe, Henry H. Proctor, Geo. B. Nichols, A. Shuman, Otis Shepard, H. Staples Potter, John Wales, Wm. A. Gaston and Weston Lewis. The bank transacts a general business in deposits, loans, collections and exchange; discounting much of the choicest commercial paper in the city, loaning largely on approved collateral, and effecting collections on all points tlirough its chain of corre- spondents, which includes the National Park and First National Banks, of New York; the Tradesmen's National Bank, of Philadelphia; and the First National Bank, of Chicago. The management is characterized by the soundest methods and the utmost efforts to secure every legitimate advantage to customers, and the bank is one of the most popular depositories and mediums of exchange in the city to-day. Its -resources are as great as its business is widespread and its connections influential. It allows interest on trust funds and special accounts, issues certificates of deposit bearing interest, makes telegraphic transfers of money, and extends every faciUty to its customers, consistent with sound banking. Its statement, made November 2, 1891, shows net profits of $100,081.93; deposits, $3,290,452.60; loans and discounts, $1,601,290.01; total resources, $3,971,534.43. The bank is a steady dividend-payer, while the above figures are an eloquent commentary on the popularity of the institution and its great earning power. The president. Mr. Lewis, is one of Boston's best known business men, for years at the head of the great wholesale dry goods house of Lewis, Brown & Co., and for two and one-halt years chairman of the State Board of Arbitration, and a born financier. The cashier, Mr. Seaver, has been in the banking business since 1857, and has filled his present position since 1873, bringing to bear ample experience and a foundation understanding of financial methods and the science of banking; while the board of directors comprises much of the solid business element of this busy metropolis. P. MARTIN, Manufacturer and Dealer in Vapor Stoves, Torches, Soldering Stoves, Gasolene and Kerosene Lamps, No. 861 Federal Street.— The use of kerosene oil for heating and cooking purposes has become so general that the market is filled with oil stoves of many kinds and while they may do the ordinary work of a cook stove tolerably well, there is always one fault, and that is the tendency to smoke and fill the house with a disagreeable odor, caused by imperfect combustion, i • This objection is obviated by the vapor stoves now in general use. A prominent house engaged in the manufacture and sale of vapor stoves, torches, soldering stoves, gasolene, and kerosene lamps is that of Mr. G. P. Martin, located at No. 261 Federal Street, This prosperous business was established in 1881 and has since been conducted with gratifying success. The premises occupied consist of a store with workshop in the rear, both of ample dimensions and fitted np with everything necessary for the successful prosecution of the business. A large stock of vapor stoves, all kinds of gas stoves, torches, soldering stoves, gasolene and kerosene lamps is kept constantly on hand. A corps of competent assistants is employed and all orders receive prompt attention, a specialty being made of cleaning and repairing all kinds of vapor stoves, torches, etc. The best qualiy of Naptha and Gasohne is at all times for sale at market prices, in large or small quantities. A large trade in this city and its suburbs has been established. Mr. G. P. Martin, the proprietor, is a middle aged gentleman, a native of Boston, who has always followed this line, is'a thoroughly practical workman, and gives to the btisiness his personal attention. ^ DERRY & CO., Sea Wall Builders, No. 68 Devonshire Street.— This business was established in 1854, by Mr. C. T. Derry, who was a practical master mason, quarryman and granite contractor, and he soon developed a widespread and influen- tial patronage. In 1868 he admitted to partnership Mr. C. H. Edwards, who retired in 1880, and Mr. James Burr came into the firm. Their business has since been local, suburban and country-wide, as dealers in granite, bridge abutments, etc., and as sea wall and wharf builders, making a specialty of removing and rebuilding old sea wall, and also furnishing light- ers for transporting freight or heavy merchandise to all parts of the harbor. Having had an unequaled experience in the execution o£ the heaviest contracts in the building of sea walls, piers and bridge abutments, they are still called upon to perform the most important commissions in their line, both for the United States Government, railway and other corporations and private parties throughout the country. During the war they handled all the twenty-five ton guns and their appurtenances for the government, landing them at all the various forts from New York Harbor north; while their first contract was performed in 1856 for William Evans, contractor with the city of Boston, for a wall on Albany Street, over a mile in length, thirteen feet wide at the bottom, tour feet wide at the top, and fourteen feet high. They built a large part of the splendid Long Wharf ; the wharf and piling for the Standard Sugar Refinery at South Boston ; the wharf for the Franklin Coal Company at South Boston, owned by Francis B. Hayes; the great sea wall on Beacon Street, 3500 feet long; the freight and passenger depots of the Boston and Providence railroad ; the sea wall at Mystic River, one-halt mile long, twenty-one feet high, twelve feet wide at tlie bottom and four feet at the top; a large part of the rip-rap at the pumping station on Moon Island; furnished stone for the foundation of Washington Market; the bridges at Dedham and Hyde Park, for the Boston and Providence railroad; 1700 feet of heavy sea wall for the Boston Gas 'Light Company, and the foundation for their works at Commercial Point; 500 feet of sea wall for the Bradley Fertilizer Company, at Weymouth; the Hoosac Tunnel dock ;and elevator for the Fitcbburg Railroad, at which three of the largest foreign steamship lines running into Boston discharge; the foundation for the South Boston Iron Foundry and the foundation for the Chapin Block in this city. Their heaviest contract and the largest one of the kind ever let was the building of a sea wall tor the Boston and Maine Railroad, 4000 feet long, thirty feet wide at the base, three feet wide at the top, built in seven feet of water at low tide, and requiring one hundred thousand tons of stone. They own and operate seven lighters, and employ some twenty vessels in the work of transporting their stone from their quarries at Rockport and Quincy to this city. This firm have built more sea walls than all other contractors in Boston combined. Captain Derry, the honored founder of this business, is a native of Quincy, Mass., and moved to Sharon twenty-seven'years ago and is one of the best known citizens there. He has been engaged upon masonry work for upwards of forty years, and is the leading authority upon this branch of constructive enterprise in this section of the country. He is a large owner of real estate in Sharon and vicinity; was the founder of the company that erected the Massapoiag Hotel on his property, situated on the banks of 'the beautiful Massapoiag Lake; and is one of the oldest members of the Mechanics' Exchange in this city. Mr. Burr is also a native of Quincy, and prominent in its business and political circles. He was engaged in the lightering industry for twenty years previousito becoming a member of this firm, and is an expert therein; and represented the city of Quincy in the First Council, and is an active and influential memberof the Mechanics' Exchange. The firm do a business of from $20,000 to $50,000 per year, and have never given a note, but have at all times paid strictly cash. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 191 |UND, JEWELL & WELCH, Solicitors of Patents, No. 34 School Street.— One of the most eminent and successful firms in Boston engaged in the practice of patent law is that of Messrs. Lund, Jewell & Welch, whose office is located at No. 34 School Street. This firm are widely known as solicitors of American and foreign patents andias counsellors in patent causes. The business so successfully conducted by them was originally established in 1867, by Rodney Luud, an attorney-at-law of large experience, who practiced before the courts of Boston and the United States in this city until; 1873, when he formed a part- nership under the name and style of Burbank & Lund. In 1885 Mr. Charles H. Welch became a partner with Mr. Lund, under the firm name of Lund & Welch and in May, 1890, Mr. William E. Jewell was admitted to partnership. As thus constituted, the firm of Lund, Jewell & Welch have gained a national reputation as able, scientilic and successful solicitors, and experienced, clear-headed and reliable counsellors in patent law. Their practice comprises close and careful attention to the preparation and prosecution of applications for letters patent, design patents, reissues, trade-marks, labels and copyrights; including the making out and filing of specifications, drawings, caveatS' assignments, and all other necessary papers : the making of preliminary examinations as to the patentability of an invention or discovery ,- and investigations as to the scope and validity of patents; arguing cases in interference, upon appeal^and before the courts; and all other items of service necessary to the complete success of the application up to the time the patent is granted and issued by the office. No attor- neys are better known at the patent office in Washington, and none can secure fairer treatment or more prompt considei'ation of their cases. Their papers filed in the interest of their clients are models of accuracy, wisdom and perfect understanding of the case in hand. Their facili- ties for securing both American and foreign patents are not surpassed, and rarely equalled by any practitioners in the country. Their clients come from all parts of the country, including many prominent inventors and manufacturing corporations in Massachusetts and New England, all of whom bear'testimony to the zeal and success that characterize all transactions of this Arm. A branch office is operated in Lynn, Mass., and Gen. Ellis Spear, who was Commissioner of Patents under President Hayes, is the Washington correspondent of the firm. Fees are moderate and uniform, and the interests of every client are closely watched and intelligently promoted. Mr. Lvmd is a native of Vermont, and studied law at Bradford in that State, with Robert McK. Ormsby, Esq. He is a member of the Boston Bar Association, and has had an experience of forty years in the practice of patent and common law. Mr. Welch is a Massachusetts man by birth and education, studied his profession at the Boston Law School and in the office of Charles A. Drew, Esq., and was also with Messrs. Burbank & Lund previous to 1885. Mr. Jewell was born in Stratton, N. H., graduated at Dartmouth College, and studied with Hon. B. W. Harris at East Bridgewater, Mass. ; was admitted to the bar in 1860, and became a member of the law firm of Harris & Jewell, besides practicing tor a time at Randolph and in this city, previous to joining the present firm. These gentlemen all enjoy a standing in legal circles which place them far above the requirements of any praise which these pages could bestow. Noi'theastern Department, C. E. Roberts, Manager, Office No. 35 Pemberton Square. — The insuring of steam boilers is a most important branch of the insurance system, and a valuable factor in protecting both^life and property. The only exclusive boiler insurance company in the world, and the only one of the kind in the United States, is that of the Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Company, of Hartford, Conn. This company was organised and incorporated in 1866, with a perpetual char- ter, ample capital, and the following prominently known gentlemen are its officers: President, J. M. Allen; Secretary and Treasurer, J. B. Pierce; Vice-President, W. B. Eranklin ; Second Vice-President, F. B. Allen. The affairs of the company have been ably directed, and a most substantial success scored. This is shown by the following abstract from the statement presented January 1, 1891: Assets, Cash in Office and Bank, $56,592.89; Premiums in course of collection, $127,992.00; Loaned on Bond and Mortgage, first liens, $423,470.00; Bonds and Stocks, market value, $767,363.24; Real Estate, $4,461.23; Interest accrued, but not due, $28,602.14; Total Assets, $1,408,481.50. Liabilities, Premium Reserve, $820,184.49; Reserve for claims not due, $16,650.86; Cap- ital Stock, $500,000.00; Net Surplus, $71,646.15; Surplus as regards Policy-Holders, $571,646.15; Total Liabilities, including Capital and Surplus, $1,408,481.50. The com- pany imposes no arbitraiy conditions; it is interested in no patented boilers or boiler appliances, nor is it interested in numerous insurance schemes, entirely foreign to the business of steam boiler inspection and insurance, but on the receipt of the proposal for insurance, the boilers, tanks, or other appliances carrying steam pressure are thoroughly inspected and classified, and are accepted at a proper rate per cent., unless they are found, on inspection, absolutely unsafe; in which case the applicant is furnished with a written statement of their con- dition. The policy of insurance which the company issues covers damage to boilers, buildings, stock and machineiy; also from loss of life, permanent total disability and accident to persons, arising from explosion, and is a guaranty that the work of inspection has been thoroughly done. No inspection can be so careful and complete as one where the party making it has a pecuniary interest. The northeastern depart- ment of the company has its headquarters at No. 35 Pemberton Square, this city, the manager being Mr. C. E. Roberts, the assistant manager, Mr, W. H. Allen, both natives of Boston, and popularly known in business circles. The territory represented by them includes Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and three-fom'ths of Massachusetts. Twenty-five assistants are employed, twelve of them being boiler inspectors. The rates for risks are reasonable in character, while all losses that occur are promptly paid. I!. BAILEY & CO., Perfumers, Nos. 130 and 133 Lincoln Street.— This enterprise was founded in 1884, by the present proprie- tor, Mr. T. B. Bailey, prior to which he had for twenty-five years conducted a retail drug business at Milf ord, Mass., his native town. He has built up a lai-ge, prosperous trade, and ships his goods to all sections of the United States. Mr. Bailey is assisted in the business by his son, Mr. F, I. Bailey, who has charge of the laboratory. He is an expert chemist, and thor- oughly skilled in the production of perfumes. Tlie premises occupied have an area of 25 x 75 feet, and are equipped with all requisite appliances. Employment is found for fifteen hands. Choice perfumes of all kinds are made, the leading varie- ties, and their prices, per pint, being as follows: Carnation Pink, $3.00; Clematis, $3.00; Damask Rose, $3,00; Ess Boquet, $3.00; Heliotrope. $3.00; Italian Bouquet, $3.00; Jasmine, $3.00; Jockey Club, $3.00; Japanese Bouquet, $3.00; Mignonette, $3.00; Moss Rose, $3.00; Night B. Cereus, $3.00; New Mown Hay, $3.00; Orange Blossom, $3.00; Ocean Spray, $3.00; Opoponax, $3.00; Pond Lily, $3.00; Patchouli, $3.00; Rose Geranium, $3.00; Sweet Briar, $3.00; Sweet Pea, $3.00; Stephanotis, $3.00; Tuberose, $3.00; Tea Rose, $8.00: West End, $3.00; Wild Olive, $3.00; White Rose. $3.00; Specialties; Amoroma, $4.00; Arbutus, $4,00; Crab Apple Blossom, $4.00; English Lilac, $4.00; Florida Flower $4.00; Heliovine, $4.00; Lily of the Valley, $4.00; Olivine, $4.00; White Heliotrope, ,$4.00; White Lilac, $4.00; Wood Violet, $4.00; Tlang Ylang, $4.00; Extra Special; Frangipanni, $6.00; Musk, $6.00. The firm also manufacture Bailey's Ideal Sachets, silk and satin holders, fancy bottles filled, cologne, toilet water, fragrant dentrifice, small bottle perfumes in boxes, Bailey's baby perfumes, special triple extracts, souvenir couplets, Venetian cologne, German Imperial cologne. Pond Lily face powder, toilet powder, and a choice line of flavoring, extracts. All the goods are of strictly first-class quality, a heavy stock is carried, and all orders received are filled without delay. 193 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ILKINSON & .TINKHAM, Electrical Engineers and Contractors, Manufacturers and Fitters o£ All Kinds o£ Electrical Appar- atus, No, 24 Beach Street.— This estabhshment was founded in 1863 by Mr. James Willdnson, at No. 38 Chardon Street, and the business was conducted under his sole ownership up to 1890, when Mr. Lemuel B. Tinkman became his partner, and the present firm title was adopted. Both members of the firm are skiUed practical electricians and locksmiths, and they em • ploy twenty-five experienced assistants. The premises occupied are equipped with all requisite machinery, driven by steam- power, and Messrs. Wilkinson & Tinkham here manufacture electrical apparatus o£ every description, every article turned out being of the most finished workmanship. As electrical engineers and contractors they give particular attention to the placing of annunciators, burglar alarms, electric lighting, electric transmission of power, and wiring of buildings. Mr. Wilkinson is a native of Eng- land, but has resided in Boston the greater part of his life. He is a valued member of the Order of United Workmen. Mr. Tink- ham was born in Mattapoisett, Mass., is a young man of excellent business capacity, and it was through his inventive ingenuity that the electric door-opener and bell-pull attachment was evolved, cut of which is here shown,— the door-opener being now used almost exclusively on all the apartment houses in this city and vicinity. Mr. Tinkham is an active member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and also of the Knights of Pythias, and popularly known in the community. iiRIOB. INGALLS & CO., Wholesale and Commission Dealers in All Kinds of Fresh Fish, No. 134 Commerce Street.— The com- \w^^^MB prehensive list of reputable members of the Boston wholesale fish trade, do^s not embrace the name of a more flourishing e\SmlS^m^ concern, nor one more emphatically entitled to prominent notice upon the pages of this treatise upon the city's expansion and prosperity, than that of Blessrs. Prior, Ingalls & Co. of No. 124 Commerce Street. The foundation of the house took LA place during the currency of the year 1884, the authors of its prosperity being the members of the partnership as at present existing. The business involves transactions, both as wholesale dealers and upon commission, every conceivable variety of fresh and salt-water fish being handled in season. The area covered by the operations of the house embraces within its limits the whole of New England, and extends throughout New York State, the West and Canada. The business premises occupied by Messrs. Prior, Ingalls & Co., monopolize the whole of a floor, covering an area of 2000 feet, and are well managed and equipped with every convenience necessary to the conduct of a large and expanding volume of business transactions; a staff of six able and courteous assistants being constantly maintained. The partnership embodies the joint energies of two of the soundest and most estimable business men in the section — Mr. George P. Prior and Mr. Geo. M. Ingalls. The former gentleman is a native of Duxbury, Mass., and he has had over forty honored years of constant and active experience in this business. He is a gentleman of middle age and was for some time employed in a promi- nent position in the sea-faring profession. Mr. Ingalls is a native of Cambridge, Mass., and prior to becoming a partner in the business, he was allied with Mr. P. H. Prior, holding a responsible position in that gentleman's employ SEHLBACH & CO., Sole Importers of Artificial Alizarines and Aniline Colo.s, Manufactured by Farbentabriken, Vormals Friedr. Bayer & Co., Elberfeld '& Barmen, Germany, No. 16 Hamilton Street.— A house that occupies tlie leadership in the United States in its special field of enterprise is that of E. Sehlbach & Co., whose headquarters are at No. 48 Cedar Street, New York, while they have branch houses at No. U North Front Street, Philadelphia; No. 161 Kinzie Street, Chicago, and aj j * No. 16 Hamilton Street, this city. The business of this concern was founded upwards of twenty years ago, and the Boston branch was opened in 1871. The »members of the firm are Messrs. Ernst Sehlbach, William Diestel and Dawson Miles. The two first-named gentlemen reside in New York, while Mr. Miles is in charge of afl^airs in this city, where he is well and popularly known. The firm are selling agents of the Hudson Elver Aniline Color Works, at Albany, N. Y. , and sole United States agents for the celebrated German aniline colors manufactured by Farbenfabriken, Vormals, Friedr. Bayer & Co., Elberfeld & Barmen, Germany. The trade supplied extends to all sections of the United States, and the house everywhere sustains an enviable reputation for the superior character of its goods, as well as for the hberal methods which mark all its dealings. The premises occupied in this city comprise two spacious floors, 50 x 100 feet in dimensions, and systematically appointed throughout. The stock carried is valued at $50,000; it embraces a complete assortment of arti, ficial alizarines and aniline colors for use in cotton mills, paper and woolen mills, print works and silk mills, also chemicals and supplies for tanners, dyers, scourers, ink makers, etc. The trade supplied from here includes aU New England. The sales are active and large shipments are made daily. Mr. Miles gives his personal attention to all orders, and customers are thus assured of having their interests advanced in the most suostantial manner. j EO. H. CLARK, Designer and Manufacturer of Boot, Shoe and Slipper Patterns, and Model Lasts, No. 16 South Street.— The most expert and successful designer and manufacturer of boot, shoe and shpper patterns and of model lasts in Boston, is undoubtedly Mr. Geo, H. Clark. This gentleman acquired a thorough knowledge of the shoe industry while a young man, and for the past eighteen years has applied himself to the designing of shoe patterns and the invention and perfection of shoe machinery and lasts. He early achieved an enviable reputation for the excellence, practical utility and substantial character of all his productions, and has now built up a trade thoroughly national in extent and eminently creditable in character. He makes a constant study of the progress in methods, discoveries and appliances available in his business and the results are seen in his large, first-class and influential patronage. He exercises close personal supervision over every detail ; his designs and patterns are always accurate, and his work is perfection itself. The finest patterns for boots, shoes, slippers and model lasts are now being turned out at his establishment. His shoe patterns and lasts are in permanent and increasing demand by leading shoe manufacturers in Boston, Lynn, Haverhill, Brockton, Campello, Woburn, Salem, Beverly, Marblehead, Natick, Marlboro, Hudson, Spencer, Milford, Stoneham, Stoughton, Weymouth, Rockland and other shoe centers in Massachusetts; also, in New Hampshire, Maine, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois and other States of the Union. Orders are filled promptly, and prices are always satisfactory, Mr. Clark is a native of Beverly, Mass., and is especially prominent as the inventor of the Clark Re-lasting and Shoe Treeing Process, He is also part inventor of Carrick's Seamless Shoe, and is widely honored and esteemed for his genius, enterprise and sterling traits of character. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 193 ^ASE, DUDLEY & BATTELLE, Dry Goods Commission Merchants^ No. 54 Bedford and No. 51 Avon Streets.— Prominent among the dry goods commission merchants of Boston is the firm of Messrs. Case, Dudley & Battelle, whose fine establish- ment is located at No. 54 Bedford and No. 51 Avon Streets. This representative house was founded many years ago, by Messrs. Wentworth, Case & Co., who were succeeded by Messrs. Case, Leland & Co., the present firm being organized in 1887. The business premises comprise three floors, 50 s 150 feet each, and every facility is at hand for conducting all operations under the most favorable auspices, and upon the largest scale. The firm are deservedly prominent as selling agents for the following woolen mills, to wit: C. J. Amidon & Son, Chas. Greenwood. Ashuelot Manufacturing Company, Wilson & Horton, The Sabine L. Sayles Company, Fort Ann Woolen Company, Geneva Worsted Mills, Thos. Kiston, and Ed. D. Thayer Jr.; also, the hosiery mills of Herbert Bailey, Ipswich Mills, Gilmanton Mill, Sulloway Mills and A. W. Sulloway; and the cotton mills of Washington Manufacturing Company, Gloucester Gingham Mills, and G. P. Crozier's Sons, Sam'l G. Levis & Son, F. J. Goodspeed & Co., manufacturers of ginghams. The products of all these famous concerns are represented in the stock carried by this firm, and serve to give them a prestige and popularity in trade circles that could not be acquired in any other way. The entire Boston and New England trade' is supplied from this agency, and all orders by mail or telegraph are promptly filled at the lowest possible prices. Representing these great manufacturing concerns in this important territoxy, the business transacted by this firm is naturally one of immense magnitude, and forms an important factor in the commercial activity of this busy metropolis. A branch house is also operated at Nos, 53 and 55 Worth Street, New York. The individual members of the firm are Messrs. J. B. Case, J. L. Dudley and Eugene Battelle. Messrs. Case and Battelle reside in Boston, while Mr. Dudley is the resident partner in New York. Messrs. Battelle and Dudley were members of the old firm of Case, Leland & Co., as was also Mr. Case, and all are experienced, reliable and sagacious merchants. M, HILLSON, Manufacturer of Plain, Stamped and Japanned Tinware, Kitchen Furnishing Goods, Etc., Nos. 247, 249 and 25t North Street.— A leading house in Boston in the manufacture and sale of plain, stamped and japanned tinware is that of which Mr. H. M. Hillson is proprietor. The business was originally established in a small shop at No. 66 Salem Street, and as the business increased, the shop was enlarged and occupied until 1888, when the present commodious premises were procured. Six floors, each 50 x 50 feet in dimensions, are now required. The great advantages enjoyed by this house are duly appre- ciated by its customers, to whom prices are quoted that, considering the high standard of work, can scarcely be met elsewhere. The exigencies of the business require the con- stant employment of thirty-four skilled hands in the house, and a corps of experienced salesmen on the road; while the trade is distributed throughout the New England States. The articles manufactured comprise plain, stamped and japanned tinware,kitchen furnishing goods, and wooden ware. Mr. H. M. Hillson, the proprietor, is a native of Poland, but has been a resident of Boston twenty-three years. He is a member of K. of P. and the F. and A. M. BACIGALUPO& CO., Wholesale and Commission Dealers m Foreisrn and Domestic Fruits, No, lU Merchants Row.— A prominent and popular house engaged in the wholesale commission business is that of Mes^^rs N. Bacigalupo & Co., located at No. lU Merchants Row, near the corner of State Street. The busmess i\as established by the present proprietors in 1887, ^ and by industry and excellent management they have built up a large and flourishing business, and have become recog- nized as one of the leading and representative firms in the trade. They are extensive dealers in foreign and domestic fruits, making specialties of all brands of Virginia peanuts, Aspinwall and Jamaica bananas, Philippe, Canaud, and other fine brands of sardines. They also have constantly on hand fine brands of olive oil of their own importation. Their establishment is head- quarters for figs in one-fourth and one-half pound boxes. They also keep a fine stock of Florida oranges, lemons, pine apples, pears, peaches, cherries, grapes, dates, maple sugar, Brazil nuts, Grenobles, French walnuts, California fruits, pecans, chestnuts, and Naple wal- nuts. Every facility is provided for conducting business on a large scale, and every attention is paid to those favoring the firm with their patronage. Consignments are received and quickly disposed of, to the best advantage, and prompt returns are made. Mr. N. Bacigalupo is a native of Italy, has been a resident of Boston for eighteen years, and is highly esteemed as a business man of abiUty and probity. ^ONVERSE, STANTOt^ & CULLEN, Dry Goods Commission Merchants, No. 63 Franklin Street.— Distinctly notable among thg representative dry goods commission houses of Boston is that of Converse, Stanton & Cullen, No. 62 Franklin Street. The firm have branches also at Nos. 83 and 85 Worth Street, New York; No. 200 Monroe Street. Chicago; and No. 626 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, and their trade, which extends all over the United States, is exceedingly large. They handle woolen and cotton fabrics, and are selling agents for the Blackstone Woolen Company, Dundee Woolen Company, Hinsdale Bros., H. A. Kimball, W. A. Walton & Co., Piscataquis Mills, Kent Woolen Company. Theodore L. Pomeroy, Howard & Maguire, B. W. Titus & Sons, Dexter Woolen Mills, New London Steam Woolen Company and the J. L. and T. D. Peck Manufacturing Company, Valley Woolen Mill, SangervilleWooolen Mills; also for the following cotton goods manufacturers: King Philip Mills, Harris Mills, Central Mills Company, Pocasset Mills, Vaile Mills, Lonsdale Go's. Hollands Johnson Gingham Co., and others. This widely known and noteworthy house was established in 1868, and under the firm name of Converse, Stanton & Davis was conducted up to 1885, when the present style was adopted. The individual members of the firm are Edmund W. Converse, Walter Stanton, Thomas H. Cullen and E. W. Converse. Jr., the last named, who is son of the senior partner, acquiring an interest about four years ago. They all are men of thorough business ex- perience, as well as of energy and enterprise, and are members of the Boston Merchant's Association. Mr. Converse, the elder, who is a Vermonter by birth, but a prominent factor in the dry goods trade in this city since 1842, was formerly of Blanchard, Converse & Co., Con- verse, Harding & Co. and Converse, Taylor & Co. He is also president of the National Tube Works, a director of the National City Bank and of the Mexican R. R. 194 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. A. MARTIN, Real Estate, Business Broker and Insurance, Room No. 7, No. 180 Washington Street.— The foundation of the business conducted by Mr. E. A, Mai-tin tooli place in 1884, the gentleman himself being the author of the concern's pros- perity, the original location ot the premises being No. 14 State Street, his removal to the present premises occurring in 1888. The business is that of a real estate, business broker and insurance agent; the operations ot Mr. Martin comprising ' • the purchase, sale and exchange of houses, farms, lodging and boarding-houses, dining saloons, grocery, provision, cigar, confectionery, f rule, variety and drug stores, express routes and business chances of all kinds. The gentleman engages extensively in the negotiation of mortgages, he having constantly on hand a large capital in sums to suit clients, for advances upon realty; the mortgage department of the business constituting Mr. Martin's specialty. He undertakes the management of estates and the collection of rents, his charges for such work being reason itself. His endeavors embrace the handhng of local property and his connection is situated in the city and suburbs. Mr. Martin is a native of the State of Maine, his residence in Boston covering a period commencing with the year 1884. G. LANGDON, Watches and Clocks, No. 89 Court Street.— For excellent values in the hue of watches and clocks, or for low prices and easy terms of purchase, no estaWishment of the kind in Boston compares with the time-honored one of Mr. W. G. Langdon, No. 89 Court Street. Mr. Langdon originally started in business as a silversmith in Charlestown in 1831. In the following year he came to Boston, and started in the business of manufacturing watch cases, which he carried on with gi-eat success for a period of twenty-six years, during the whole of which time he was located on Court Avenue. The building he occupied having been torn down to make place for a large structure, he removed to Elm Street, and thence to Washington Street. He has been at his present ehgible location for eight years. Mr. Langdon, who is a thoroughly practical and experienced watch and clock maker, manufactures and sells old-style moon and hall clocks— chimes and plain— brass and moon dials, watchmen's clocks, etc. A specialty is made of the type of hall timepiece known as "Grandfather's Clock." All parts of old-style clocks and cases are made to order, and a full line of Columbus watches, in gold and silver cases, is kept constantly in stock. Mr. Langdon, who was born in this State in 1811. has ever been one of our most patriotic and public-spirited citizens. In 1861 he furnished two companies of Sharpshooters, under the com- mand of Capt. " Jack " Saunders and Capt. Wentworth with their rifles and guns. He was one of the first petitioners for the bringing ot water into the city, and the only one now living. He is one of the oldest members of Mount Vernon Lodge, F. and A. M., and enjoys the con- fidence and respect of a large circle of business and social acquaintances, who esteem him for his business ability and strict integrity. ILLEN, LANE & CO., Dry Goods Commission Merchants and Manufacturers' Agents, No. 266 Devonshire Street.— The growth of the dry goods commission trade of Boston has kept pace with the advancement of its industrial resources, and in no other single branch of commerce is a better status maintained. One of the leading representative houses engaged in this line is that of Messrs. Allen, Lane & Co., dry goods, woolens, commission merchants and manufacturers' agents, whose headquar- ters are at No. 266 Devonshire Street. The members of the firm are Messrs. Fred. D. Allen and Jonathan A. Lane, two of our oldest and most highly regarded merchants and citizens. Mr. Allen has been interested in the wholesale dry goods trade for more than half a century. He is a native of Mansfield, Mass., a director of the National Bank of the Republic, and treasurer for several mill companies. In 1855 the present firm of Allen, Lane & Co. was formed, as wholesale dry goods merchants, continuing thus until 1866, when they became commission merchants and manufacturers' agents. The firm are interested in a number of mills, and are agents for twelve, among them being the George River Mills, Devonshire Mills, Cordaville Woolen Company, Rockfall Woolen Company, Woodside Mills, Monadmack Blanket Mills, etc. The goods handled are principally woolens, blankets, and horse blankets. All are the products of New England mills, and the goods are superior in every respect. The trade of the house is of the most permanent, desirable character, extend- ing to all sections of the United States, and the splendid resources and influential connections of the firm enable them to meet all demands upon the most favorable terms. The policy upon which this business is conducted is such as to meet with the commendation of the trade; and those forming relations with the house may feel assured of receiving that liberal treatment which has always characterized its dealings, I HE WHITMAN & BARNES MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Mower Knives, Reaper Sickles, Sections, Etc., Reuben Ford, Manager of Boston Branch, No. 32 South Market Street.— There are certain enterprises represented in Boston which cannot be regarded as of secondary importance to the continued growth and prosperity of this city in a commercial sense, and among the number is that of the Whitman & Barnes Manufacturing Company, who have become famous throughout the world as manufacturers of mower knives, reaper sickles, sections and spring keys and cotters, and who are represented in Boston by Mr. Reuben Ford. The trade of this giant corporation is practically universal, and its field is the world. In fact, their reputation is so well known, and their goods have so wide a sale, that the management can exclaim with mighty England, that the sun never sets upon the products ot then- industry. The managers have for years paid close and undivided attention to the excellence of their wares rather than to amount of sales or monetary returns, and, as a result, their trade has grown from year to year until the company has reached a pre-eminence in their industry of which they have every reason to be proud. Endowed with a genius for invention and an ambi- tion to excel, the founders and promoters of this enterprise have devoted themselves with ardor to the production of a class of specialties which should not only vie in e.xcellence with both domestic and imported productions, but should, when once inti-oduced and tested, be pre- ferred by the dealer and consumer to all other similar goods. That they have succeeded in this laudable endeavor, there is no longer any doubt, as the superiority they have attained is such as to have created a permanent and constantly increasing demand from all parts of the civilized world, as well as from leading dealers in the largest cities. The resources of the company are ample and abundant, their facilities are complete and perfect, while the quality of their goods can be implicitly relied upon. The company are about to add at their Akron factory, the manufacture of twist drills, reamers, milling cutters, taps and dies, and other small machinists' tools. At their Canton factory they will make a specialty of all kinds of drop forgings, as heretofore, and of threshing machine teeth and bicycle forgings. In addition to their pres- ent line of manufacture at Syracuse, N. Y., they will add the manufacture of small engines, having bought the patterns ot an engine that will be superior to any other of its kind on the market. The business of all the various stores of the company are constantly increasing. A new store is being opened in San Francisco, and others are in prospect. At these stores everything necessary to the operation of agricul- tural implements is carried and sold, while they have constantly in motion a large force of traveling men, which put the company in close personal communication with every nook and corner of this and other countries. The company has one of the finest business organizations in this country, and while prices of all kinds of goods are greatly reduced, they are content to put up with small profits and to receive their emolument in increased sales. The officers and directors of the company are as follows, viz. : A. L. Conger, president, Akron, O; George Barnes, chairman, Syracuse, N. Y. ; Geo. E. Dana, vice-president, Syracuse, N. Y. ; Charles E. Sheldon, general manager, Akron, O. ; I. C. Alden, treasurer, Akron, O. ; W. W. Cox, assistant treasurer, Syracuse, N. Y. ; James Barnes, secretary. Canton, O. ; Wm. H. Gifford, gen- eral legal counsel, Syracuse, N. Y. ; who, with Geo. A. Barnes, of Canton, 0., and Kenyon B. Conger, of Akron, O., compose the list of direc- tors. Mr. Reuben Ford, the manager of the Boston Branch, is a gentleman of large business experience, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth, with whom it will be found both pleasant and profitable to deal. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 195 RANK F. HODGES & CO., Manu- facturers of Straw Goods, Office and Factory, No. 115 Chauncy Street; New York Office, No. 5T3 Broadway. — The manufacture of straw goods has a leading expo- ii,;iit in Boston in the house of Frank F. Hodges & Co., whose office, salesroom and works are at No. 115 Chauncy Street, and who have a branch office at No. 573 Broadway, New York. This successful enterprise was founded in 1878 by Mr. Fiank F. Hodses, -who has had twenty years' experience in his vocation, having formerly been engaged in the same line in New York. Four yeai-s ago he admitted to partnership Mr. W. E. Sleeper, who had been in his employ since 18T8, aud had tlieretore gained a thorough knowledge of the business. Mr. Hodges is a native of Massa- chusetts, Mr. Sleeper of Vermont, and both reside in Boston, wliere tliey are popularly known. The New York branch, opened in 1878, is in charge of an efficient i-epresentative, a trustworthy and ex- perienced business man. The oremises occupied for the purposes of the industry comprise a flve- story building, 30 x 100 feet in dimensions, and fitted up with one hundred sewing machines, and the most approved facilities for the prosecution of the business. Steam power is used . Employ- ment is found tor two hundred and fifty operatives and the factory has a productive capacity of from two hundred and fifty to three hundred dozen per day. The straw goods made here are excellently finished and are in high favor with the trade. Sales are made direct to jobbers, while special advantages are oflEered in quality and terms. jICHARDS & CO., Importers and Dealers in Tin Plates, Sheet Iron and Metals, No. 60 Union and No. 47 Friend Streets. — The date of the foundation of this time-honored and substantial importing house was the beginning of the century, Mr. Uil H '^'^K I^euben Richards having established himself in 1813 at South Market Street. He pursued his journey upon the highroad 5J[ I |1k of commercial success, single-handed, until the year 1S54, when he admitted into partnersliip his son, Mr. R. A. Richards, the existing senior partner of the concern. The founder of the house, a few years after the admission of his son, retired from the concern, and in 1884, Mr. R. A. Richards formed a business alliance with his son, Mr. R. F. Richards, "who is now the junior member of the partnersliip. Messrs. Richards & Co. are importers of and dealers in metals. They import sheet iron from Russia and England and tin plates from the latter country. The house also handles in heavy volume, sheet iron from American mills, the business comprising no transactions in manufactured goods, excepting solder, of which the house liandles large quantities. The house handles metals of all kinds, in bars, sheets, pigs, ingots, etc., and transacts a heavy jobbing trade extending throughout all the eastern, and many of the western States, but devoting special attention to the northeastern section. In the year 1861, Mr. R. A. Richards built a large store at No. 44 Nortn Street, where the business was located for a number of years, subsequently being transferred to a more commodious warehouse, also built by Mr. Richards, at No. 102 Milk Street. The requirements of the business, however, outgrowing the capacity of the last named premises, the house in 1877 took up its quarters at the present convenient and commodious location. The house now rents three large buildings, letting one of them and occupying the other two. Their premises now consist of five floors, each covering an area of 3,300 square feet. A corps of twelve efficient assistants is employed by the house and its business upon the road is attended to by four energetic traveling salesmen. The senior partner of the concern is a native of Boston, and he has been connected with the business from leaving school. He is a gentleman of admirable mercantile and personal attainments, enjoying the unqualified esteem of the community. His able son, Mr. R. F. Richards, possesses in marked significance, all the excellent qualities of his father. He, too, is a native of the capital of the Bay State, and his business career commenced at the close of his education in the house where his family for three generations have prose- cuted honorable endeavor. W. PATTEE & CO., Bankers and Brokers, No. 70 Devonshire Street, Telephone No. 7.S3.— The popular house of H. 'W. Pattee & Co., bankers and brokers, "was established three years ago, by the existing partners, and already such has been the unremitting character of their perseverance and enterprise that we find the house enioying a large and expanding connec- tion, and possessing a reputation of extremely enviable character. The business is of the general banking and brokerage order, the same embracing the purchase and sale, upon commission, of stocks, bonds, grain, petroleum^ etc.. for cash or carried on a margin of one to five per cent. The premises occupied by the house are eligibly located and excellently appointed. They are equipped with excellent ticker service and telephone connection, the number being 752, and the house controls pri- vate wires to New York and Chicago. The sole controller of the house is Mr. H. W. Pattee, a youn& man of many years experience, and a [lerfect master of the intricacies of his calling. He was formerly a member of the firm of J. E. Carter & Co., and is a native of Bos- ton. They solicit correspondence from New England, Mr. Pattee giving his personal attention to the same, with gratuitous intormation ; the various exchanges in New York, Chicago and Boston. 19« BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. F. OBER, Artist, No. 423 Washington Street.— The signal prosperity which has awaited upon the business of photography during the past quarter of a century, is as near akin to the phenomenal as to render the distinction insignificant. It has grown from the crudest and most primitive of conditions to a vast and flourishing industry in which are embarked millions of capital, and are monopolized the energies of a large proportion of the community. In this connection, mention may here ' • appropriately be made of the name of Mrs. C. F. Ober, one of the most flourishing members of the calling as practiced within the capital city of the Bay State, and one of the most successful lady photographers in the State. The address of the artist is No. 425 Washington Street, and the date of the foundation of the concern occurred so remotely as 1850, the name of the foun- der of the business bemg unknown. The control subsequently devolved upon Mr. S. Wing, then Mr. W. L. Tower; Mrs. Ober assuminpr entire possession in 1891. The business embraces the undertaking of all departments of the photographic art; Mrs. Ober also engaging in enlarging, crayon, pastel and India ink work, landscape and mercantile photography forming subjects of particular attention. Over on.i hundred sittings are made weekly and since June last over thirty-seven hundred photographs have been taken, Mrs. Ober keeping on hand about thirty thousand negatives. The business is constantly increasing and the patronage of the studio is of high character, being drawn from the superior element of the city. The premises comprise a well-appointed suite of apartments, the same being used as an operating chamber and reception-rooms. They are situated upon the first, third, and fourth floors of the building, and are equipped with all facilities: a large and efficient staff of assistants being employed. Mrs. Ober is a practical photographer of many years' experience, and an artist of a high order of ability, She was formerly with Mr. Tower, her predecessor in the business, for a lengthy period. G. BAKER, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Oysters, Clams, Quahaugs, Etc., No. 126 Atlantic Avenue.— The dealing in this most delicious of shell flsh, is attended with much responsibility, and it requires those who understand both the nature of the oyster, and the feeling of the market, to handle the bivalves with any degree of success. A very popular and successful dealer in this line, is Mr. M. G. Baker, whose establishment is located at No. 126 Atlantic Avenue. The business was founded ' by Mr. M. G. Baker, in 1881, and has from that time on, been conducted with gratifying success. Mr. Baker has been engaged in the trade for thirty-five years; was formerly with J. Y. Baker&Co. He deals in Virginia, Providence, Warren River, and other oysters. The premises occupied comprise one floor 25 x 75 feet in dimensions, admirably fitted up for the business. Mr. Baker carries in stock, the choicest oysters known to the market. The trade extends all over New England, while a large relaU trade is enjoyed in the city. A corps of competent assistants is regularly employed, and all orders receive prompt attention. Mr. Baker is a native of Cape Cod, and a resident of Melrose and one of the leading men in the trade. O. POWLIS, New England Agent, Room No. 16, No. .36 Bromfleld Street.— Mr. J. O. Powlis, whose office and salesroom is at Room No. 16, No. 36 Bromfleld Street, is New England agent for a number of excellent specialties. He has been established for the past three years, and has, during that time, built up a large trade throughout Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, and the other New England States. Mr. Powlis is agent for the Blue Grass Cordage Company, of Kentucky. He also handles, as manufacturers' agent, twine, stationery, and novelties in fancy goods. Among the other articles handled by him, are the Eureka Pen Cleaners, with ink wells; manufactured by A. Demarest & Son, No. 240 Broadway, New York; the Original Diamond Hammock, the Nursery Hammock, Doll's Hammock, the Diamond School Bag, the Registering Savings Bank, the Trick Savings Bank, the Combination Desk Pad and Memorandum Calendar, the Dart Needle, etc. Mr. Powlis has descriptive circulars of these specialties, which he gladly furnishes to all who wish them. The goods always prove popular wherever introduced, and dealers find them very profitable to handle. Mr. Powlis is a native of Staten Island, N. Y., and has resided in Boston for the past Ave years. He is an energetic business man, gives careful attention to the requirements of his patrons, and sustains an excellent reputation wherever known. A. MASON & CO., Commission Dealers in Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Beans, Potatoes, Apples, Poultry, Game, Etc., No. 114 S. Market Street, Clinton Market.— Though but a comparatively short time established, W. A. Mason & Co., commission deal- ers in butter, cheese, eggs, beans, potatoes, apples, poultry, game, etc., at No. 114 S. Market Street, Clinton Market, where they removed Sept. 16, 1891, from No. 13 Commercial Street, have built up a flourishing business. They make a specialty of supplying hotels, restaurants and steamships; and their trade, which is very large, gives evidence of steady increase. The secret of this firm's prosperity is not far to seek however. Handling only strictly flrst-class goods, prompt in fiUing orders, and withal thoroughly reliable in their dealings, they have been enabled, by close attention to business, to acquire the substantial patronage they deservedly enjoy. Mr. JIason, who is the sole member, (the " company " being nominal), is a gentleman in the prime of Ufe and a native of North Attleboro, Mass. He is a man of thorough experience in the produce line, as well as of energy and sagacity; and prior to going into business on his own account here, in 1890, had been employed in the market for a number of years. He occupies commodious and well- appointed quarters, which is one of the finest stores in the market, embracing the best ice-chest in the city, and employing several assistants and two delivery teams, exercising immediate supervision himself over every detail. A large and carefully assorted stock is constantly kept on hand, and all orders for anything in the line above indicated are attended to in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner, while prompt returns are made on consignments in every instance; and all interests placed with Mr. Mason are certain to be judiciously handled. Mr. Mason handles the butter from one creamery in Vermont, which turns out six tons weekly, and makes a specialty of butter, poultry and game. J R.INK T. REED, Manufacturers' Agent for Fine Shirts, Collars and Cuffs, No. 26 Chauney Street.— Mr. Frank T. Reed has been established in the city of Boston as a manufacturers' agent tor a period of eight years, and already the gentleman has succeeded in establishing a most enviable reputation by dint of the exercise of that indomitable perseverance so essentially a part of his character. Mr. Reed is located at No. 26 Chauney Street, the suitability of the situation being apparent even to one but slightly familiar with the city. He represents Joseph Fowler & Co., manufacturers of fine shirts, collars and cuffs, which house has its factories and laundry in Glens Falls, N. Y., wilh offices at No. 721 Broadway, New York and No. 1002 Market Street, Philadelphia, and he is also agent in New England for the firm of Steiner & Son, of New York, manufacturers of the " Univer- sal " brand of men's night shirts, whose factories are located at Peekskifl, N. Y., also at Asbury Park, N. J. His connection is located throughout the section and extends to the provinces, the clientage being composed of the better class retaflers and jobbers; the sales being made by sample. Messrs. Fowler & Co. are one of the oldest and largest houses of the kind in the United States, employing over one thousand hands, and manufacturing over three hundred styles of fine shirts; ranging in price from $4.50 to $75.00 per dozen, the capacity of the factory equals 750 dozen shirts and 2,000 dozen collars and cuffs a week. The house manufactures no less than eighty-two styles of white shirts and six hundred styles of negligfi ditto; and among the many excellent qualities it produces, mention is due the celebrated " Glen " shirt. Mr. Reed is a young man and a native of Boston, with the prosperity of which city he has been identifled many years. He is one of the representative business men of the city and as such he merits a position of undoubted prominence upon the pages of this treatise, and the unqualified esteem of the entire community. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 197 IRIDGHAM & CO., Importers of Fine Woolens, No. 30 Franklin Street.— Prominent among Boston's representative wholesale woolen goods firms is that of Bridgham & Co., No. 30 Franklin Street. The house is one of the oldest in the line indicated in this city, and its business connections are widespread. They are importers and jobbers of fine woolens, making a specialty ot handling high-grade fabrics, and their trade, which is of a most substantial character, extends all over New England, and practically throughout the whole of the United States. Tliis widely and favorably known house was originally established about thirty-five years ago by the present senior member of the firm, and as Little, Bridgham & Barrows was conducted for some time, when they were succeeded by Bridgham & Beals, who were in turn succeeded by Kendall, Bridgham & Co. In 1869 Mr. Bridgham withdrew, and the copartnership of Bridgham, Jones & Co. was formed and continued up to 1874, when George W. Jones was removed by death. The style became Bridgham & Co., on admission of R. C. Bridgham, who continued in the firm with the exception of a few years, until 1889. In 1890 F. C. Bridgham and F. W. Lord were admitted to the firm, both of whom had been with the house a number of years, and thoroughly conversant with the business. The premises occupied as office and salesrooms are spacious, commodious and tastefully appointed, and an efficient staff ot clerks and salesmen are employed here, in addition to half a dozen representatives on the road. An extensive and splendid assortment of goods is constantly carried in stock, and embraces all the newest designs and latest novelties in fine imported and domestic woolens, including fancy cassimeres, cloths, serges, cheeks, stripes, plaids, diagonals, vestings, trouserings and fashionable suitings in a great variety of pretty patterns. All orders are attended to in the most prompt and trustworthy manner, and the prices quoted are in- variably maintained at the very lowest figures consistent with quality ot goods; liberal inducements being offered to the trade; and relations once formed with this rehable house are reasonably certain of leading to a permanent business connection. Mr. Bridgham, the elder, is a gentleman of full middle age, and a native of Maine, but long a respected resident of this city and suburb, being one of NewtonviHe's most solid citizens. He is a man of the highest personal integrity, as well as of energy and business ability, deservedly esteemed, both in commer- cial circles and in private life, and is a prominent member of the Boston Merchants' Association, and a director of the West Newton Bank. BEACH & CLARRIDGE, Concentrated Extracts, True Fruit Juices, Syrups, Finest Essential and Fruit Oils, Chemicals, Etc. , Etc. Nos. 41 and 43 India Street.— A line of business that requiresjgreat skill in chemistry and the use of the most scientific appara- tus is successfully carried on by Messrs. Beach & Clarridge, Nos. 41 and 43 India Street.— They are the fountain head of soda water supplies, manufacturing and distilling essential oils and concentrated extracts, and expressing true fruit juices and finest fruit oils. The standard of merit has been maintained by them from the start^they make no bid for favor on any other ground— so that the brand " B. and C." is a guarantee of purity. They are the originators and proprietors ot some of the most popular drinks that have ever been drawn at the soda fountain, among which may be mentioned Blood Orange, Peach Cream, Crab Apple, Neura-Cura, White Violet and Bermuda Banana. Their novelties are eagerly sought for by the trade at the opening of every season. They occupy seven floors for manufacturing and general business purposes. Their traveUng men visit all parts of the United States and Canada, and their agencies are established in the leading cities. The sales are principally to druggists and confectioners who run soda fountains, and to bottlers ot carbonated drinks. Altogether, the success ot this firm is without a parallel in the history of temper- ance beverages; and it is due only to untiring, conscientious effort toward the production ot ttie best goods. The firm was organized and the business established in January, 1885. Mr. H. Cleveland Beach was born in Hebron, Conn., and was formerly a travehng salesman. Mr. George F. Clarridge is a native of Charlestown and a successful manufacturing chemist, having had seventeen years' experience in this line of business before forming the present partnership. HE A. T. STEARNS LUMBER COMPANY, Office, No. 19 Federal Street. Wharves at Neponset, and No. 470 Albany Street, Mills at Neponset.— Commanding unsurpassed facilities for transportation by rail and water, the lumber trade of Boston has grown to be one of its most important industries, as evinced by the numerous substantial firms engaged in the various branches of the trade. One of the foremost houses of the kind, is that of the A. T. Stearns Lumber Company, whose office is at No. 19 Federal Street, next to the Equitable Building. The taciUties of this concern for supplying dealers and consumers with first-class lumber and building materials, are such as can only apply to those thoroughly understanding the business, and who are enterprising enough to take advantage of every convenience whereby all orders may be promptly filled, and with good satis- faction to customers. The business was founded over forty years ago, by Mr. A. T. Stearns, who is a veteran in the lumber trade in Massa- chusetts, and has done much to establish it upon its present satisfactory status. In 1883 the business was incorporated under the laws of this State, with a capital ot $150,000. The president is Mr. A. T. Stearns; the treasurer, Mr. James F. Dunbar, a business man of ample experience and ability. The company's planing mills are at Neponset, their wharves at Neponset and at No. 470 Albany Street this city. The mills are equipped with the most approved modern machinery, driven by powerful steam engines, and employment is found for a force of one hundred hands. A heavy stock is carried, the company dealing both at wholesale and retail in hard pine timber, flooring and step- ping, rift flooring, kiln dried lumber, gutters, conductors and mouldings and making a specialty of cypress lumber and shingles, and itshould be known that President Stearns was the first to introduce cypress lumber and shingles into general use in New England ; beginning ten years ago. Orders, small or large, they endeavor to fill promptly at lowest market quotations. In a brief account of this house, such as this must of necessity be, we are unable to enter into all the details of the extensive business, but to those interested, who may as yet be unacquainted with the advantages the A. T. Stearns Lumber Company place at the command of the trade, we may say that the business is conducted upon a policy that entitles it to the fullest confidence, and that has for Its aim the entire satisfaction of all who may avail them- selves of the benefits which it stands ready to accord the trade in general. D. WHITTEMORE, Real Estate, Mortgages and Insurance, Rogers Building, No. 209 Washington Street.— There is no feat- ure of progress in the country of equal importance with that of real estate, which has long been and ever will continue to be the principal form of permanent and absolutely safe investment. Choice and eligibly located parcels of property are now, more than ever, being sought for by conservative capitalists, and in their investments they rely greatly upon the • advice, experience, and superior knowledge of our principal agents and brokers. Prominent cmong this number in Bos- ton is Mr. S. D. Whittemore, whose offices are located at No. 209 Washington Street, in the Rogers Building. This gentle- man has been established in the business for a period of over twenty years, and gives his attention to real estate, mortgages and insurance. He is considered a reliable authority on values, present and prospective, and his advice on all questions relative to realty in this section is appreciated and valued by a large and intelligent class of customers. He devotes special attention to the management or estates, and some of the largest estates in this city are placed entirely in his care, while their owners go to enjoy travel and European life for years at a time. He is prepared to buy, sell, let, exchange and appraise all classes of realty, and every ward in the city is represented upon his books as well as a choice line of suburban property. Rents are collected, titles examined, deeds, mortgages and leasee are drawn, and unsurpassed facilities are possessed for the prompt negotiation of loans on bond and mortgage. Insurance is placed in the best companies at the lowest rates, and a speedy and liberal adjustment of all losses is guaranteed. Mr. Whittemoi-e is a native of the State of Blaine and came to Bos- ton in 1861. 198 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. jOME SAVINGS BANK, No. 186 Tremont Street. —The enormous accretion o£ capital as represented by such institutions as the Home Savings Banlj, at No. 186 Tremont Street, abundantly demonstrates the thrift and prosperity o£ the people of this city. The bank named bears favorable comparison as regards size, management and stability with any other in the country. It M as duly incorporated March 17, 1869, and opened for business in February, 1870. Deposits of from five cents to one thousand dollars are received, and interest is allowed on deposits of three dollars and upwards and upon the interest accumulating; thereon, until the principal with the interest amounts to sixteen hundred dollars, after which the interest must be drawn semi-annually. The bank is open for deposits and drafts from nine to two o'clock daily, and on Saturdays, for deposits, till 8 p. m., except durino- July and August. A very large business is done here smoothly and efficiently, and the bank's enviable record and magnificent finan- cial showing reflects the highest credit on the officers and trustees, who are as follows, viz. : President, Charles H. Allen ; vice-presidents, Charles J. Bishop, George O. Carpenter, George A. Miner, John W. Leighton, Jerome Jones, Samuel Atherton; trustees, Charles V. Whitten, Louis Weissbein, Thomas F. Temple, William P. Hunt, Joel Goldthwait, Charles W. Bradstreet, Henry D. Hyde, Alonzo S. Weed, Albert T. Whiting. Charles M. Clapp, Henry Baldwin, Newton Talbot, Weston Lewis, Wilham H. Thomes, Charles J. Hayden, David W. Farquhar George L. Damon, Freeman M. Josselyn, James H. Freeland, Henry Frost, George K. Guild, James G. Haynes, A. L. Fessenden, Eufus 6. F. Candage, Henry C. Morse, Ira G. Hersey, Edward P. Mason, Homer Bogers, Stephen W. Reynolds, Edwin Robinson, George A. Fernald, Wilham G. Benedict, Charles B. Perkins, Frederick A. Turner, Henry C. Jackson, Levi L. Willcutt; investing committee, Charles H. Allen, Neirton Talbot, John W, Leighton, Thomas F. Temple, Albert T. Whiting, Henry C. Jackson; treasurer, William E. Hooper. These are all familiar names, those of representative citizens, whose standing in the community is alone a sufficient guarantee of the ability and integrity •of the bank's management. On October 1, 1891, the bank had open accounts with 19,000 depositors, and the amount standing to their credit -was $4 097,248.48, or an average amount of $334.67 to each depositor, while its guarantee fund and undivided earnings amounted to $205,613.98 with total assets of $4,376,438.68. We cannot but draw attention to this model institution as one that fully deserves the patronage of the pub- lic, and which has, by its care in making investments, avoided all losses, while paying handsome interest and keeping within the strict letter of the law, as regards investments, and is deservedly recognized as one of the financial bulwarks of Boston, ever a source of pride and profit to her citizens. President Allen has filled that position since 1880, and is also president of the Central National Bank, a trustee of the Boston Sinking Fund, and prominent as a financier and executor of important trusts. Treasurer Hooper has been in the bank since 1870, and was elected to his present responsible office in 1883. He is agent for Knauth, Naehod & Nuhne, for foreign drafts, and is an expert, accom- plished and popular bank official, while the board of trustees comprises much of the solid business element of the city. rjMITH, WHITING, CONNOR & CO., Clothing, No 87 Summer Street.— Boston's supremacy in the wholesale clothing trade is assured by the possession of such an eminent and progressive house as that of Messrs. Smith, Whiting, Connor & Co., whose sound judgment, marked executive ability and perfected facilities, have secured for the fine clothing of their manufacture the national reputation of being fully the equal of custom-made. The industry centered in their splendid warerooms at No. 87 Summer Street was founded in 1867, by Messrs. Goddard, Smith & Atwood, who were succeeded respectively by the firms of God- dard, Smith, & Cheney; Smith, Richardson & Corson; Smith, Richardson & Bates, and Smith, Bates & Co., until 1887, when the present firm was organized by Messrs. John O. Smith, George Whiting, Charles P. Connor and George S. Smith. From the start these gentlemen were animated with the laudable ambition to excel— to lift tlie wholesale manufacture of fine clothing out of the rut into which it had fallen ; and their efforts have been crowned with a legitimate and lasting success, their enlightened policy practically revolutionizing the trade and securing for their goods the eager demand of the most celebrated retail clothiers in Boston, New England and New Yerk. The firm occupy five floors, containing 5,000 square feet each, splendidly lighted, conveniently arranged and handsomely fitted up. The management exercises sound judgment and the greatest enterprise in the selection of their woolens and suitings, bringing ample resources to bear, and being among the fii-st to secure the newest shades, patterns and textures in both American and foreign fabrics, while their styles are always the leaders, correct, elegant and fashionable. The business has attained proportions of great and gratifying magnitude, growing up on the sound basis of the best clothing of every grade at the lowest prices consistent with honest workmanship. A corps of twelve expert salesmen sell the trade in such w ell-known centers as Worcester, Springfield, Lowell, Lawrence, Lynn, Haverhill, Fall River, New Bedford, Salem, Taunton, Palmer, Northampton, Holyoke, Pittsfield, Plymouth, Amherst and Williamstown, in Massachusetts ; Providence, Newport, Pawtucket, Woonsocket, and Westerly, in Rhode Island; Hartford, New Haven, Norwich, Bridgeport, Meriden, New London and New Britain, in Connecticut; Port- land, Lewiston, Bangor, Augusta, Bath and Biddef ord, in Maine ; Manchester, Concord, Nashua, Portsmouth, Dover and Hanover in New Hampshire; Burlington, Rutland, St. Albans, Montpelier, Barre and Brattleboro, in Vermont; New York City, Albany, Troy, Syracuse, Rochester, Buffalo, Elmira. Binghamton, Auburn, OsWego, Watertown, Utica, Rome and Schenectady, in New York. The largest orders are filled without delay, and terms are made invariably satisfactoi-y to the trade. Mr. John O. Smith is a native of Maine, who embarked in the clothing trade in 1851, and was one of the founders of this house in '67. Mr. Whiting was born in Hingham, Mass., while Mr. Connor is a native Bostonian, and both became partners in 1887, as did also Mr. George S. Smith, a son of the senior partner. All are members of the Boston Merchants Association, and are winning a creditable success by honestly deserving it. |HE BERLITZ SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES, No. 154 Tremont Street.— The Berlitz Schools of Languages stand admittedly at the head of all institutions of this kind in America or Europe. The first of these institutions was established in 1878 in Bos- ton by Prof. M. D. Berlitz, and its unprecedented success gradually led to the opening of branches in a number of American cities. The fame of these schools soon found its way to Europe and caused some of its most renowned educators to induce Prof. Berhtz to extend his work also to the principal cities of that continent, where now the superiority of the Berlitz method has been fully recognized. The Boston school is located at No. 154 Tremont Street, (Mason & Hamlin building), and has as assistant local directors in charge, Messrs. A. Gonard and W. Gehrmann, with a full corps of instructors. The peculiar organization and the extension of these schools, so intimately connected with one another, assure to the students numerous advantages afforded by no c school and certainly by no private teacher. The Berlitz schools employ a special method and text-books, which represent the labor of years and are continually improved by the practical experience of the school faculty. The method is so arranged that the most useful is always taught first, and the students acquire a knowledge of conversation in the very shortest period. Each teacher instructs only in his mother tongue, and this, together with the fact that only teachers of superior education and entirely pure pronunciation are engaged, offers to students the guarantee of the best instruction. Object teaching is used in the Berlitz method to a greater extent than in any other system. Not only are the essentials of all parts of speech so arranged as to be clearly explained by object lessons, but also the important points of inflection and syntax. All lessons are in shape of conversation. Thus tl)e student is constantly drilled in speaking and understanding, and very soon is far enough advanced to express easily his ideas. Every student receives instruction from a number of diiferent teachers, so as to become accustomed to different voices and gestures, and more or less vocabularies, The directors, well known as successful instructors, visit all lessons and see for themselves that everything is done to insure the very best of instruction. Besides receiving their regular lessons, all students who take more than one lesson weekly are admitted without extra charge to a number of lectures, readings and comedies. Students who change their domicile can finish their term of lessons in any branch of this institution whether in America or Europe. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 199 W. TURNER COMPANY, Manufacturers and Jobbers o£ Gas and Electric Light Fixtures, Piano and Table Lamps, No. 89 Brorafleld Street.— The history of the progress and development of the arts and manufactures in the United States pre- sents few parallels to the notable advance made in brass and bronze work in this country within the'past two decades. And while on this subject, it may not appear invidious to single out for special complimentary meution the N. W. Turner Company, who are well and widely known as manufacturers of gas and electric light fixtures. This representative house was established many years ago, by the Boston Gas Light Company, who were succeeded in 1851 by Mr. N. W. Turner, who had been foreman of the company for several years. He continued the business with marked ability and steadily increasing success until 1886, when he retired, and was succeeded by his grandson, Mr. N. W. Turner Knott, under the present name and style. He manufactures chandeliers, electroliers, piano, banquet and table lamps, and artistic gas and electric light fixtures of every description, and in a great variety of exquisite designs and of superb workmanship, and all his productions command a wide sale. All the articles made by this house are noted for general superiority, and are rarely equalled in any feature of merit by anything of the kind on the market. This house has supplied such well-known buildings as the Adams House, the Providence Railway Depot, the New England Life Insurance Building, the Union Church on Columbus Avenue, and many others in Boston and vicinity, with lamp and electric light fixtures. The store is spacious in size and one of the attractive features of this popular thoroughfare. Here are displayed a stock of goods which is at once large, rich and elegant, and both dealers and consumers are supplied to the full extent of their wants on terms and prices which are the lowest compatible with quality of material and character of workmanship, the most liberal inducements being offered to the trade. Gas fitting and jobbing in all their branches receive skillful attention, and steady employment is given to some twenty-five skilled hands, Mr. Knott is a native Bostonian, trained in this line of industry from his youth up, and a young man of wide acquaintance, eminent popularity and high repute in social, commercial and trade circles. BNRY H. TUTTLE & CO., Importers and Dealers in Fine Boots and Shoes, No. 435 Washington Street, Corner Winter. — The evolution in foot wear is a distinctly notable feature of the progressive age in which we live. Compared with the clumsy and unshapely productions worn a generation ago, the neat fitting and elegant boots and shoes offered for sale in our leading establishments to-day are truly models of art and excellence. And in this connection, attention ia naturally directed in a review of Boston's representative business houses to the spacious and well appointed store of Henry T. Tuttle & Co , eligibly located at No. 435 Washington Street corner Wmter wheiecai 1 1 1 f \ p i i f Iv fme assoitment ot everything, in the line indicated. This is par excellence a leadmg and ^ high-class retail footwear emporium — one of the oldest as well as _^ -^^ — largest and finest in the city — and for forty odd years has main tained an enduring hold on popular favor. The firm, who are im porters and dealers, are sole agents for the justly famed K water-proof English boots, and are agents also for Henry Werth of Paris, and Dr. Jager's sanitary system footwear; while they handle English Waukenfast and other high grade imported boots and shoes. Every pair sold here is warranted to be absolutely as rep resented, style, make and material being guaranteed, and perfect ' fit is assured, patrons being certain of getting satisfaction m this admirably conducted house. The ladies' department, which faces on Winter Street, is 40 x 60 feet in dimensions, and the gentlemen s department, which faces on Washington Street, is .30 x 80 feet The establishment is very handsomely fitted up and tastefully arranged and is provided with every convenience. The staff employed here ' number thirty, and the proprietors exercise close personal super vision over the entire business. The stock, which is of a most ex i tensive and comprehensive character, includes ladies', misses gents boys', and youths' boots and shoes in every shape, size, width and | variety, both in finest and medium grades, also dainty slippeis novelties in house wear, rubbers, etc., and boots and shoes are I made to order, likewise, in the highest style of the art, at short ~ notice. The prices prevailing, too, are extremely moderate, quality '^^ of goods and character of workmanship considered, and the pa tronage of the firm, which is at once large and infiuential, extends throughout New England. The business was established about the year 1851 by John Reed, who was succeeded in 1863 by H. H. Tuttle who conducted it alone up to 1866, when the present firm name w as adopted and Benj. F. Redfern, now the senior partner, acquired an interest In 1883 "Mr Tuttle was lemoved by death and tl e following year Mr. Redfern associated with him in partnership Messrs. J. B. Hoi ton and C. E. Hiss, all thiee having been connected with the house for many years; and through their efficient management the business is carried on with eminent success. -,-J^=?«^TLEY & BOYNTON, Produce Commission Merchants, No. 63 Commercial Street and Nos. 58 and 60 Clinton Street.— The pro- iilBw Ji ^"'^^ commission industry ot Boston is one of the city's most important commercial features, and very extensive transactions «lB?*i« are carried on in this line. One ot the oldest and foremost ot the establishments en.gaged in the trade, is that of Messrs. Utley & Boynton, who occupy premises at No. 63 Commercial Street and Nos. 58 and 60 Clinton Street. This house was founded in 1850, by Messrs. John Utley and Morris B. Boynton, the former a native of Worcester County, Mass., the latter of Vermont. Both were able business men, energetic and experienced, and they quickly built up a large, first-class trade throughout New England. In 1876, Mr. Charles H. Utley, son of Mr. John Utley, entered the house, and in 1880 became a member of the fii-m. Ill JIarch, 1891, Mr. Lewis A. Rogers was admitted to partnership, and in the latter year Messrs. John Utley and Morris B. Boynton died, after having been partners for over forty years, during which they ever sustained an e.xcellent reputation as honorable business men. Messrs. Charles H. Utley and Lewis A. Rogers continue the establishment under the original firm title, which has become so well known to the trade. Mr. Utley is a native of Boston, and a member of the Chamber of Commerce, also an ex-director of the latter institution. Mr. Rogers was born in Maine, but has long resided in this city. Both gentlemen possess a thorough knowledge of the produce commission trade, and main- tain their establishment at the highest point of efdciency. The firm employ ten assistants, and make a specialty of handling butter and cheese, selHng more butter than any other house in the trade in New England. A heavy stock is always carried, and orders of any magni- tude are promptly filled at lowest market prices. 200 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. [OHN A. LOWELL & CO., Engraving and Printing of Every Description, No. 147 Franklin Street.— The finest work accom- plished in this line in Boston is that which bears the imprint of the firm of John A. Lowell & Co., who make a specialty of fine art work for commercial purposes, such as the finest steel-plate calendars, bonds, certificates of stock, letter and biU- heads, business cards, checks, wedding and party invitations, visiting cards, and a general line of steel, copper and litho- graph work. The business was originally established in 1861, by Mr. John A. Lowell, a thoroughly practical and expert steel engraver; and in 1886 the present Arm was organized by the admission of Mr. Charles O. Stearns to partnership. It is in design- ing where many engravers fail to meet the demands of the cultured patron ; they have neither the conception of the ideal, nor the graces of the true artist, and so with commonplace, tawdry designs they cannot fail to tire the public. Messrs. Lowell & Co., have achieved the highest of reputations for the exquisite beauty of their designs, which have no equal at home or abroad, and are in constant request in such important classes of ornamental work as wedding cards and invitations, menus, crests, monograms and fine bank printing. Their reputation has long ago extended far beyond the confines of the United States, and they are in frequent receipt of orders from the leading houses of Great Britian, France, Austria, Switzerland, Germany, South America, Australia, Canada and Mesico. The business premises of the firm com- prise three floors, 50 x 100 feet each, and the equipment includes thirty hand and seven power presses, and employment is given to one hun- dred and fifty skilled and expert assistants. Both members of the firm are deservedly popular and respected, and are consistently maintaining a well-merited prestige for the elegance and superiority of all work emanating from their establishment. The firm has recently secured and issued editions of steel plate printing from the largest steel plates ever engraved. The work is of a pictorial character, engraved and printed by them. The prints may be found adorning the counting-rooms and homes of many of the leading manufacturers and merchants through- out the country. J. HAYES & SONS, Muuioipal Bonds, No. 7 E.xchange Place.— Among the noteworthy firms engaged in financial operations in Boston may be mentioned that of W. J. Hayes & Sons, whose office is located at No. 7 Exchange Place. They are bankers and brokers, with headquarters at Cleveland, O., and altogether, they have a large and fiourishing business. This firm was established in Cleveland in 1882, and the Boston office, of which C. E. Denison is manager, was opened in 1889. A general banking business, in which the handling of municipal securities is made a specialty, is done at their Cleveland office, while at Boston their business is confined to the buying and selling of bonds issued by cities, counties, towns, school districts, water companies and street railway companies. They handle large amounts of conservative bonds, suitable for the investment of savings banks and trust funds, and solicit the correspondence or a call from those desiring such investments. tIUSHING, OLMSTED & SNOW, Men's, Youths' and Boys' Clothing, Nos. 74, 76 and 78 Summer Street.— Boston's supremacy in the wholesale clothing trade is assured by the possession of such an eminent and enterprising house as that of Messrs. Gush- ing, Olmsted & Snow, whose sound judgment, marked executive capacity and perfectedfacilities have secured for the fine clothing of their manufacture the national reputation of being fully the equal of custom made in every respect. The immense industry centered at Nos. 74, 76 and 78 Summer Street, was founded in 1846, by Andrew Carney, and after some changes the present firm succeeded to the control in 1876. The building occupied for the business contains five floors and a basement, 50 x 100 feet each, and the concern is recognized as one of the largest, strongest and most successful of its kind in Boston, and one from which the leaders of the New York clothing trade can secure valued suggestions. This firm make the finest clothing put on the market, —in every respect the equal of custom work. They also manufacture a medium grade of goods, and are enabled to meet promptly the requirements of all classes of buyers. They exercise sound Judgment and the greatest enterprise in the selection of their woolens and suit- ings, bringing ample resources to bear and being the first to secure aU the newest shades, patterns and textures in American and foreign fabrics, while their styles are always the leaders; correct, elegant and fashionable. Their cutters are all trained experts from fine custom shops, and all goods are critically examined and made up in the most thorough manner by experienced workmen, of whom the firm employ no less than one hundred, all busy in producing the men's, youths' and boys' clothing that is first sought for by shrewd and careful buyers all over New England and the West. A corps of fifteen talented salesmen is employed in representing the house to the trade. The business has attained proportions of great and gratifying magnitude on the sound basis of the best clothing of every grade at the lowest prices com- mensurate with honest workmanship. The individual members of this representative firm are Messrs. Sidney Cushiug, Charles H. Olmsted and Lovell S. Snow. Mr. Gushing is a native of Hingham, Mass., a director of the Traders' National Bank, and a member of the Wholesale Clothing Manufacturers' Association and of various social clubs. Mr. Olmsted was born in Connecticut, and Mr. Snow in Newton, Mass. All are experienced merchants and valued factors in guiding the immense business of this famous house. |OLLIS & SNOW, Fire and Marine Insurance, No. 35 Kilby Street, (Corner of Exchange Place).— This is one of the most expe- rienced and successful insui-ance firms in Boston. The agency was established in 1868, by Messrs. Ellison, Hollis & Co., who i succeeded by Messrs. Hollis & Snow in 1877. The junior partner, Mr. E. G. Snow, retired in 1885, since which date Mr. J. Edward Hollis has continued the business without change in the firm name. He is now general agent for Massachusetts for the Citizens, of New York; is special agent in eastern Massachusetts for the Home, of New York; and is also local agent for the Phoenix, of Hartford ; the National, of New York: the Atlas Assurance Company of London and Union Assurance Society of London. Representing as he does over $15,000,000 in assets, Mr. Hollis is in a position to promptly place the largest risks, distributing the same in the most judicious and satisfactory manner, quoting the lowest rates of premium compatible with security, and guaranteeing a speedy 'and liberal adjustment of alUosses. Mr. Hollis is a Massachusetts man by birth and education, and at an early age became a clerk in the Home agency in this city. He has thus spent his life in the business, is still in the prime of manhood, a member of the New England Insurance Exchange, and ex-president of the Boston Board of Underwriters. HEPARD & SAMUEL, Wholesale Dealers in Brooms, Wooden and Willow Ware, Nos. .36 and 38 Commercial Street and Nos. 15 and 17 Fulton Street.— This representative house was founded in 1848, by R. Warner & Co., who were succeeded by the present firm in 1&89. The business premises comprise two spacious buildings, five stories each, running through the block, where is carried oue of the largest and most complete stock of wooden and willow ware in Boston. The business is conducted at both wholesale and retail and both dealers and consumers are supplied in quantities to suit at the shortest possible notice and at terms and prices which are rarely, if ever duplicated elsewhere. A leading specialty is made of brooms; while the firm's stock also includes a full and complete line of wooden and willow ware of every description, and for every purpose. Contracting direct with the most reputable manufacturers for special lines in large quantities, and seUing extensively to jobbers and exporters, this house is in a position to challenge comparison as to quality of goods, and defy competition as to price. Both as to style, durability and finish, the special- ties of this firm commend themselves to the confidence of close and critical buyers, and the trade enjoyed is of a character eminently credit- able to the management. This firm are agents for the celebrated Indurated Fibre Ware, and carry a full line in stock. Orders by telephone. No. 2395, by telegi-aph or mail, receive immediate and careful attention. The co-partners, Messrs, Oscar A. Shepard and Henry Samuel are both native Bostonians, in the prime of life, and of large experience in this special branch of commerce. Mr. Shepard is a member of the Royal Arcanum; and Mr. Samuel of the I. O. O. F. and the F. and A. M., and both were formerly with the house of O. F. Howe tor several years. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 201 "I I MPSON BROTHERS, Rook Asphalt Floors, No. 166 Devonshire Street.— Exhaustive and expensive experiments have been made with various kinds of asphalt, with the result that it has been determined that so tar as any kind of flooring is concerned the famous Swiss and French rock asphalts are superior to all other materials for smoothness, hardness, dryness and fire and water-proof qualities. These asphalts are supplied in this city by Messrs. Simpson Brothers, whose offices are located at No. 166 Devonshire Street, Room No. 58. This firm began the importation of Neuchatel and Seyssel rock asphalt in 1870, and they have since become the popular article for the floors of basements, kitchens, laundries, stables, water-closets, dwelling house cellars, breweries, manufactories, warehouses, hospitals, court-yards, walks, driveways, etc. They are odoi-less, non -absorb' ent, free from mold or dust, impervious to sewer gases, the natural rock asphalt, free from coal tar and aU arti- use within a few hours after being laid. They have in and are prepared to promptly fill orders for any work in ecuted in this city may be named those for R. H. White ing, the new Exchange Buildmg. the new Hancock Build- and for sanitary purposes invaluable. This fli'm use only flcial substances; it hardens immediately, and is ready for their employ foreign experts of long experience in Europe this line. Among the many important commissions ex- & Co., E. H. Stearns & Co., Edison Electric Light Build- ing, Shreve, Crump & Low's Building, the Hollander Building, Houghton & Button's Building, Young's Hotel, American House, United States Hotel, Masonic Temple, Boston Daily Advertiser, Standard Sugar Refinery, Continental Sugar Refinery, The Institute of Technology, Harvard Medical School, Mutual Life Building, F. L. Ames' Buildings, Moses Kimball's Buildings, PfafE's Brewery, McCormick's Brewery, Tremont Stables, Har- Grove Farm Co., Boston Bicycle Club, Marston's Dining Charitable Mechanics Association, and most of the sohool- portant work in other parts of the country. Architects, the merits of this rock asphalt, samples of which are mates for cheaper asphalts are also furnished, if desired. Brewery, King's Brewery, Roessle's Brewery, Burkhardt's vard Veterinary Stables, Arlington Club Stable, Oak Rooms, Faneuil Hall Market, Institute Skating Rink, houses and engine-houses in this city, besides much im- buildersand property-owners generally should investigate shown and prices quoted at the offices of the firm. Esti- Orders by telephone No. 1155, by telegraph or mail re- ceive immediate attention in all cases, and the interests of patrons are carefuUy watched and intelligently promoted. The Messrs. Simpson are natives of Sulhvan, Me., in the active prime of life, and expert, practical and reliable in all their methods and dealings. lOHN MACK, Plain and Ornamental Plasterer, No. 32 Chapman Place.— Among the industries devoted to the interior finish of houses, that of the plasterer is one of first importance, and all work in this line should ever be given to a competent man to perform, else the results will prove most unsatisfactory. One of the most prominent and oldest of those engaged in this industry in Boston is Mr. John Mack, whose ofBce and workshop are at No. 22 Chapman Place. Mr. Mack is one of the oldest as well as best known of citizens. He was born on Pleasant Street, Boston, and passed his boyhood in New York City, learn, ing his trade there. In 1842 he returned to Boston and established business here, and during the long period intervening he has ever enjoyed an excellent patronage, and sustained a superior reputation as a thoroughly skilled, reliable workman. Much noteworthy plastering and stucco work has been performed by him in prominent buildings, among them the Masonic Temple, New Court House, Parker House, Park House, the Lowell Depot, U. S. Government Building, U. S. Court House, in Boston, Jolui Hancock BuUding, Vendome, New Old South Church, and many residences in the Back Bay district, Mr, Mack employs a large force of experienced men, is prepared to furnish estimates at shortest notice, and all work undertaken by him is certain to be executed in the most satisfactory manner. In New York he did the work of the United Bank, corner of Broadway and Wall Street, the Barge Offlce, as also the dining-room of the Hoffman House, IIANNALL & COMPANY, Real Estate, Business Brokers and Ticket Agents, No. 14 Hanover, Near Court Street.— The firm of Mannall & Company, of No. 14 Hanover Street, near Court Street, has been established since the year 1879. The business con- ducted by Messrs, Mannall & Company is that of real estate and general business brokers ; a substantial volume of transac" tions being carried on as ticket agents and the issuance of drafts and money-orders payable all over Europe. The house represen'-" the American Exchange Company of Christiania, Norway, and holds a general brokers' license to sell steamship and railway tickets to all points. An important proportion of the operations of the house embraces the handling of farm and city property, the concern being experts in the titles to and values thereof. The offices of the concern are excellently managed and well located and cover an area of 400 square feet. The partners in the house are Mr. N. E. Mannall and Mr. F. H. Carpenter, both gentlemen of singular commercial ability and spirit of enterprise. Mr. Mannall is a native of Norway, his residence in this country commencing with his boyhood. He is the manager of and principal stock-holder in the American-Scandinavian Printing Co., which publishes the only Swedish paper in Boston and also the only Swedish paper in Rhode Island. Mr. F. H. Carpenter is a native of Vermont, his identification with Boston's prosperity covering a period of ten years. Both partners are young men and both are entitled to the implicit confidence of the entire community. This concern also makes direct exchange of all goods manufactured in Norway -and Sweden. gRUNDY BRASS WORKS Brass Workers, and Dealers in Plumbers' Materials, Machinists and Screw Makers ; Workmen for Astronomers, Electricians and Steam and Gas Fitters, Plumbers' Jobbers, Etc., No. 50 Sudbury Street.— The growth and development of such concerns as this cannot be gauged by the general run of trade. They are on a different plan, and fill a sphere of usefulness of the widest extent, with the largest consumers of their specialties for permanent customers. An apt illustration of this is shown in the Grundy Brass Works, the well-known brass workers and dealers in plumbers' materials. This house was established over forty years ago by Grundy Brothers, and in 1883 the present firm name was adopted and the business placed under the management of Mr. Wallace H. Bate, assisted by Mr, James Grundy. The premises occupied for manufacturing and sales purposes are spacious in size, supplied with every modern appliance and facility, and give ample accommodations for supplying the most extensive demand. Undoubtedly much of the success achieved by Mr, Bate lies in his complete knowledge of all details of the business, and his intimate acquaintance with the requirements of the public in this direction of trade. The managers are thoroughly prac- tical men, having been employed in this house most of the time since 1857, and give the business the benefit of their close personal attention. They are prominent as machinists and screw makers ; also as workmen for astronomers, opticians, electricians, and steam and gas fitters ; dealing in all kinds of brass pipe fittings, round and square, and in such important specialties as Bate's Patent Water Closet Pulls, Levers and Milk Shakers, and Grundy's Patent Water Closets and cocks. These inventions will be found to be the best in the market, peculiarly fitted for the exacting requirements for which they ai-e intended, and commending their own merits on use. For standard and reliable products this house challenges competition; also for the execution of a general line of jobbing work for plumbers. Mr. Bate is a native of new York City, and served two years during the war in the Twelfth Massachusetts Infantry. He is still in the active prime of life, and has won success by honestly deserving it. Mr. Grundy is a son of one of the original projectors and has been in the business since boyhood. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. D. BROOKS & CO., Tanners' Supplies, No. 100 High Street.— This house was originally founded in 1827 by Messrs. Luke Brooks and J. M. Jones, on India Square, whose 'entire capital amounted to $500. Both were practical curriers and began business as dealers in leather, meeting with excellent success and steadily growing patronage. Mr. Brooks after- wards became sole proprietor and adopted the firm name of Brooks & Co., and later on a change was made to Brooks & ' McConnell. In 1846 the firm became Moses Hunt & Co., the co-partners being. Moses B. Huut, Luke Brooks and E. T. Noble. In October, 1856, the death olSMr. Brooks occurred after a long and highly honorable business career and he was succeeded by his son, Mr. E. D. Brooks. Subsequently the firm became Noble &. Brooks, continuing under their joint management up to 18?'8 when the latter became sole proprietor and has since directed affairs under the trade name of E. D. Brooks & Co. In 1872 the firm lost their business quarters in the great fire of that year, when the leading mercantile section of Boston was laid in ashes. The enterprise has been car- ried on at the present address the past eight years. The premises consist of a spacious store and basement, with dimensions of 25sll0 feet, and conveniently appointed throughout. The firm carry on a flourishing trade as sole agents for Richardson's Patent Union leather splitting machines, as importers of Gambler, Water of Ayr Stone, Stub's Finger Steels, and wholesale dealers in tanners' and curriers' tool's and sup- plies of all kinds. Importations are made from the most reliable sources of supply in England, France and the East Indies, and the heavy trade supplied is with tanners and shoe manufacturers in all parts of the United States. Favorable inducements are offered in prices. Mr. Brooks is a native of Cambridge, Mass., and resides in Cambridgeport. GRAHAM, Wrapping Paper, Twines, Paper Stock, Metals, Etc., No. 48 India Square.— This is one of the most extensive con- cerns in its line in the city, and its distributing trade is of a wide-spread character. The business was estabhshed by the present proprietor in 1874, and has since been conducted with gratifying success. A large stock of wrapping paper, twines, paper stock and metals is kept constantly on hand and the lowest prices at all times prevail. The pi-emises comprise a * warehouse five stories in height, fitted up with everything necessary to the successfuf prosecution of the business. The stock is received from Boston and vicinity and the trade extends to all parts of Massachusetts. Eight hands are employed, and the house will be found to be a most profitable one with which to establish business relations. Mr. Graham is a native of Ireland, but has been a resident of Boston many years, and enjoys the confidence of the community in consequence of his straightforward methods of doing business. BOND & CO., Commission Merchants, Foreign and Domestic Fruits, Florida Oranges a Specialty, No. 2 North Market Street.— Messrs. Bond & Co. are commission merchants and wholesale dealers in foreign and domestic fruits, making a leading specialty of Florida oranges, and their trade, which extends throughout New England, gives evidence ot steady increase. This well-known house was established in 1876, and during the sixteen years since intervening has been conducted at the present location with uninterrupted success. The firm buy at auction and receive consignments, supplies.coming to them regularly from various points, and can fill the largest orders at short notice, while the lowest market prices are quoted invariably. Mr. Bond, who is the sole member (the " Co." being nominal), is a gentleman of middle-age and a native of this State, residing" at East Boston, and is a well-known member of the Fruit and Produce Exchange. gOSTON ENGR.4.VING COMPANY, No. 237 Tremont Street.— A foremost representative of this industi-y in Boston is Mr. M. M. Tenney, conducting operations under the firm title of the Boston Engraving Company. Mr. Tenney is a practical wood engraver of thorough skill and experience in all the departments of his vocation. He [established his present enterprise in 1885, and during the six years that have since elapsed has developed a large, active, most desirable trade, his patronage being derived from all sections of the United States. He caters only to a strictly first-class trade. The entire place is equipped with the most improved appliances adaptable to this industry. Employment is found for thirty-five experc hands in the various departments, among them being skilled artists, and photo-engraving of every description is executed in the most approved manner, a leading specialty being made of line and half-tone processes. Mr. Tenny is a native of Boston and an active member of the Bos- ton Art Club. TURTEVANT & HALEY, BEEF AND SUPPLY COMPANY, No. 38 and 40 Paneuil Hall Market. —This company enjoys a reputa- tion and prestige as leaders in their line, and as proprietors of one of the oldest, largest and most popular houses in the trade in New England. The business was founded in 1836, by Mr. Harrison Bird, and in 1887 the firm of H. Bird & Co. was organized by the admission of Messrs. A, H. Bird and R. H. Sturtevant to partnership. In May, 1889, the firm of Sturtevant & Haley suc- ceeded to the control, and on the death of the junior partner, Mr. A. S. Haley, in July, 1891, the present company was incor- porated under the laws of the State of Massachusets, with a capital of $100,000, and with James D. Haley, president; R. H Sturtevant, treasurer ; Fred S. Haley, secretary. The company are extensive wholesale and retail dealers in beef, pork, lard and hams ; smoked and dried beef ; smoked, corned andsaltpetred tongues; tripe, sausages, etc.; occupying slaughter house No. 11, Brighton Abattoir, where they kill 175 beef per week. Their cold storage room holds 300<;attle and 3,400 tons of ice. The company are also largely interested in the man- ufacture of oil from beef fats, made for use in making oleomargarine, which product they ship in immense quantities to Rotterdam, Holland. As packers of India mess beef, they have an extensive trade in London and Liverpool for use in the English army and navy. It is as dealers In fresh beef, pork and other meat products, however, that this house stands most prominently forward in this city, supplying, as it does, many of the largest hotels, such as the Tremont and the Quincy, as well as leading club houses, with all their beet and pork; also, Wellesley College, numerous seaside and mountain resorts, and public institutions throughout New England. Their hams, smoked and dried beef, sausages and tongues are every where recognized and appreciated as superior productions. President Haley died in April, 1891. Mr. Sturte- vant was born in Centre Harbor, N. H., and has been identified with this market since 1863. Mr. Fred S. Haley is a son of the late A. S. Haley, and a yoimg man of energy and ability. -MCMILLAN & CO., Tailors, No. 149 A Tremont Street.— There are but few if any, among Boston's leading merchant tailors, who are better known or enjoy a higher reputation for fine woi-k than, the firm whose name heads this sketch. The senior member of the firm has been estabhshed since 1874, and on January 1, 1893 admitted his son, A. BIcMillan, Jr. to partnership, thus forming the present firm style. The firm occupies commodious, neatly appointed quarters at No. 149 A ' Tremont Street., Mr. McMillan, Sr. being a practical cutter of thorough experience, master of his art in all its branches, while his son attends to the financial administration of the business. The firm is a member- ot the Boston Merchant Tailors' Exchange and the National Merchant Tailors' Exchange. They keep on hand an elegant stock of imported woolens, and employ a numer of first-class workmen, every garment leaving the establishment being warranted as to style, cut, finish and fabric, while perfect fit is assured. The assortment embraces all the latest novelties in fashionable cloths, fancy cassimeres, serges, checks, plaids, stripes and suitings from which the most fastidious in dress can make selection, and the prices charged here are extremely moderate, quality of material and charac- ter of workmanship considered. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 2U3 D. BLACKWELL, Contractor and Builder, Room No. 30 Ames Building. — Tke steady expansion, during recent years, oi* the capital city of the Bay State, both in the matters of magnitude and prosperity, may justly be regarded as the well- spring of the almost phenomenal success characterizuig the department of endeavor engaged in by Mr. E. D, Blackwell of Room No. 20, Ames Building. Mr. Blackwell is a contractor and builder, and the date of the gentleman's establishment in business occurred some seven years ago. Mr. Blackwell engages extensively in the purchase and sale of improved and un- improved city property, his specialty being Belmont real estate, and he owns land extensively in Dorchester and Mount Hope. The premises occupied by Mr. Blackwell are located in a most appropriate quarter of the city and their equipment and management evince a creditable example of systematic precision. Mr. Black well's business comprises generally, all the operations incident to the conduct of an ordinary contracting concern, with the distinction that the principle upon which the gentleman proceeds is that which may be succinctly stated to mean superior workmanship at moderate rates. Among the recent works completed by Mr. Blackwell, mention should be made of a residence for Mr. E. F. Peirce, at Dorchester, and one for Mr. J, J. Robinson, at Longwood, and he has just perfected for Mr. E. Golden- burg, an entire business block, at East Boston, such edifice costing no less than $150,000. Mr. Blackwell was, prior to entering upon the con- trol of his present business, a practical carpenter, his knowledge of this branch being most advantageous to him in his present caUing. He is a native of Bourne, and resides at the present time in Boston, where he is highly respected for his many merits. E. HARDING & CO., Wholesale and Commission Dealers in Fish and Lobsters, No. 30 T Wharf.— The wholesale fish trade of Boston has long been a prominent feature of its commerce, and a valuable factor in the upbuilding of the city's business fame and prosperity. T Wharf is a center of the industry, and among the extensive houses engaged in this line a foremost position is occupied by F. E. Harding & Co., at No. ^0. This is an old estabhshed concern, having been founded some forty ' years ago by the grandfather of Mr. F. E. Harding, and the latter succeeded to the control twenty-three years ago. In 1877 he admitted to partnership Mr. G. H. Clarke, his brother-in-law, and the business was directed under their joint control up to three and a half years since, when Mr. Harding's lamented death occurred, his interest in the enterprise being continued by his widow, while Mr. Clarke remains the active manager of the business. The premises occupied comprise a commodious three-story building, which is fitted up with every appliance and convenience for the storing and preservation of stock. The firm handle all kinds of ocean, frozen and fresh- water fish, including mackerel, cod, herring, haddock, salmon, trout, halibut, whitefish, lobster, etc. Liberal advances are made on consign- ments, while quick sales and prompt returns are guaranteed. All orders are promptly as well as carefully filled, at lowest ruling market prices, and the heavy trade supplied extends all throughout the New England States. Mr. Clarke is a native of Portsmouth, N. H., a mem- ber of the T Wharf Fish Association, and he has gained the confidence of all with whom he has had commercial relations. D. GILMAN, Ladies' and Gentlemen's Dining Rooms, Nos. 48 and 50 Summer Street, Corner of Ai'ch.— La regard to its restau- rant accommodations, Boston is certainly well provided; and some of the establishmentr have been locally famous for many years. Among these old and popular places of public entei'tainment, one of the largest and best reputed is that of Mr. J. D. Gilman, Nos. 48 and 50 Summer Street, corner of Arch Street. Tlie dining-rooms on the ground floor have capac- ity for seating one hundred and twenty persons, while the lunch, oyster-room and caf6 in the basement will accommodate eighty. The entire establishment is handsomely decorated, has tiled flooring, is lighted by electricity and cooled by means of seven revolving fans and a number of spacious ventilators. The caf6 is supplied with a fine selection of the choicest wines, liquors, cigars, etc. The kitchen, in the rear basement, is fitted up with the latest improved culinary apparatus, and the cuisine is of a character that would please the most critical epicure. Some forty persons are employed, and the attendance is prompt and courteous, every effort being made to give the most entire satisfaction. From eight hundred to one thousand two hundred people take their meals here daily, and there is an immense patronage from the business men in the vicinity. The business of this house was established twenty-three years ago by the firm of Egerton & Gilman. The style was then Egerton & Co. for five years, and since then Mr. J. D. Gilman has been the sole proprietor. He is a gentleman of middle age, a native of New Hampshire, and a resident of Boston for thirty-four years. G. BARNES & SON, Auctioneers, Real Estate, Mortgage and Insurance Brokers, No. 27 State Street.— Among the many noteworthy firms engaged in the handling of realty, and kindred interests in Bostoh and vicinity, few, if indeed any, are better known or stand higher in public favor thau that of F. G. Barnes & Son, No. 27 State Street, with office also in Brackett's Block, Newton. They are auctioneers, real estate, mortgage and insurance brokers, and altogether, they have a very substantial patronage, numbering in their extensive clientele some of the largest property owners and s'tanchest cit-. izens in the community. City and suburban realty of every description is bought and sold and also exchanged, and ap- praisements are made for intending purchasers. Rents are collected and estates taken in charge and judiciously managed, likewise, and investments are desirably placed. Loans and mortgages are negotiated, and risks effected in all fir.st-class fire companies, at lowest rates, the firm, who are local agents for the "Phenix," of Brooklyn, and the "Sun," of London, for Newton and vicinity, having exceptional facili- ties for placing large fire lines. In short, all classes of business pertaining to real estate and insurance are engaged in, special attention being given to auction sales ; and all interests entrusted to this responsible firm are certain to be handled in the most careful and trustworthy manner. This flourishing business was established in 1S57, by F. G. Barnes, the firm name subsequently becoming F. G. Barnes & Son, under which style it has since been continued with uninterrupted success, although the senior member was removed by death in 1888. Mr. Edward F. Barnes, who is now the sole member, is a gentleman in the prime of life and a native of Waltham, Mass., and has been engaged in business in this city for twenty-two years. He is a man of energy and thorough experience, as well as the highest personal integrity, and is a member of the New England Insurance Exchange and Boston Tariff Association. jHE KNITTED FABRICS COMPANY, No. 40 Water Street.— An acknowledged leader in its line of industry in this country is the Knitted Fabrics Company, which is widely and deservedly prominent as manufacturers of stockinets, Jersey cloth, rub- ber linings, specialties for jacket and underwear manufacturers, etc. The company was incorporated in 1883, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of 3fi3O,00O, since increased to $100,000, with Chas. H. Ward, president; Walter U. Lawson, treasurer. The mills, which are located at Methuen, Mass., are equipped with sixty knitting frames and the most improved modern machinery. The management is enterprising and progressive in all methods of manufacture, usin^ every effort to improve the quality and enhance the value of the output in all essential respects; and as a natural result the products of this com- pany have acquired a high reputation for fineness of quality and uniform excellence. The success that has been won is largely due to the fine taste and accurate judgment of the officers and managers, who are alive to the necessity of keeping steadily abreast of the times and the improvements of the age; and the patronage bestowed upon the house is of a character which furnishes abundant proof that the good^^ meet with the approbation of a first-class trade. The largest orders are promptly and carefully filled, and inducements are constantly offered to the trade which challenge comparison. The seUing agents of the company are P. Van Volkenburgh & Co., No. G2 Worth Street New York, and the business may be said to be in a thoroughly healthy and flourishing condition. 304 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. B. FULLER & CO., Importers and Jobbers of Fine Wines, Brandies, Gins and Coi-dials, Eye and Bourbon Whiskies, Imported and Domestic Cigars, No. 18 Milk Street.— The original location o£ the house of J. B. Fuller & Co., whose present premises are situated No. 18 Milk Street, was upon Broad Street, and the date of the establishment of the Arm occurred during the currency of the year 1871, the occupation of the present premises commencing twelve years ago. During the period intervening between 1884 and 1887, the title of the house was Messrs. Fuller & Wilder, the present partnership and the existing conditions commencing in the latter mentioned year. Messrs. Fuller & Co. are importers of and jobbers in fine wines, brandies, gins and cordials, and have extensive transactions in rye and bourbon whiskies, while a heavy volume of business is also transacted in imported and domestic cigars. The house holds valuable agencies for Cork's " Imperial " wines, of St. Louis. Mo., Wer- ner's " Cacy " champagnes and " Royal " Hungarian wines, and in addition to controlling a fine family trade the firm supplies hotels, clubs etc., to a great extent. The house handles none but the finest goods, carrying a full line thereof ; and tlie area covered by its operations is chiefly of a local character. The premises occupied consist of a floor and basement, each covermg an extensive area and the same are per- fection in the several matters of location, equipment and management. Mr. J. B. Fuller is a native born Bostonian and one of the ablest and soundest of the city's merchants. He possesses a comprehensive and miscellaneous range of accomplishments and he served with dis- tinction for a period of fourteen months during the late war. YocjNG Men's Christian Association New BriLDiNG. T. ANDERSON & SON, General Machinists, Works at No. 512 Atlantic Avenue.— In no branch of skilled labor does the mechanic need more actual scientific and theoretical knowledge at his command to fortify his practical abilities as a good workman than in the machinist's trade. To succeed in this calling, therefore, means to e-xcel in it; and, as tliis work is especially intended to point out to the public only representative enterprises which make up Boston's great activity in the • mechanical arts, we make more than casual mention of the firm of A. T. Anderson & Son, general machinists, at No. 513 Atlantic Avenue. This firm had its inception several years ago, and the present standing it enjoys as a house character- ized as being " reliable," is second to none in the city. It is not surprising for us to find that such is the condition of things either, tor Mr. A. T. Anderson, Sr., has tor years been identified as one of Boston's foremost men in mechanical ingenuity. He, for years, was connected with prominent firms engaged in lithographing, and obtained a knowledge of lithography which to-day serves him well in the repairing and building of lithographing presses and machinery, not only kindred to this, but also to the printers' trade ; while special attention is paid by the firm to this class of work, its special feature is the elaboration of the crude plans and designs of inventors and the construction of all kinds of experimental machinery. It also makes models, builds light and heavy machinery of all kinds and pays special attention to the repairing of stationary engines. In all this class of work the firm have the reputation of turning out results which can only emanate from long practical experience and thorough theoretical knowledge of the machinists' trade. Orders are constantly being received from all parts of New England and even other states. The firm employ a skillful draughtsman and furnish plans and estimates. From eight to twelve practical machinists are afforded employment the year round, and all orders, large or small, receive prompt attention and are executed in the most workmanlike manner. The workshop, which comprises an area of 50 x 100 feet, is supplied throughout with the best machinery, tools and appliances which inventive genius has produced, steam power being used. Mr. A. T. Anderson, Jr., is also a draughtsman and mechanic of ability and ably seconds his father in the conduct of their large and increasing business. Mr. Anderson, Sr., is a native of Eng- land, but has resided in this country so many years that he has become thoroughly Americanized. Both gentlemen are held in high esti- mation, in social as well as business circles. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. 205 C. BLAISDELL, Real Estate, Bond and Mortgage Broker, No. 266 Washington Street.— The very important and commanding practice of Mr. A. C. BlaisdeU as a real estate, bond and mortgage broker, at No. 266 Washington Street, is one that has been directed from that center for the past four years, but that was founded at Rutland, Vermont, many years ago; audits experienced principal, an old real estate man and now an elderly gentleman, has a large and valuable connection throughout ' the State of Vermont, as well as in this city and vicinity; and indeed has much business placed in his hands from almost all parts of the United States, relating both to farm and city property, for sale on commission. Hence his office is a great place of resort for those seeking to acquire property, tlie register there kept containing entries of many very desirable investments, as well as a great number of farms, dwelling houses, business factories, mills, etc., that may be rented. Moreover, Mr. BlaisdeU has always at command large sums of money to be loaned on real estate and personal property, at fair rates of interest, and in sums ranging to any amount for which the security offered is reasonably sufficient; the consequence being that a large number of mortgages, etc., are negotiated. In each branch of real estate business clients receive ready and efficient attention, the lengthy association of the proprietor vpith real estate affairs in all their ramifications, his sound judgment and proved discretion, rendering him a valuable and valued agent and a muCh-sought adviser. HALEN & FARNUM, General Engravers and Printers, No. 101 Milk Street.— Among the many well-conducted industrial enterprises which line this busy trade district, will be found that of Messrs. Whalen & Farnum, whose fine engraving and printing establishment occupies an eligible business site at No. 101 Milk Street. The premises are commodious, well arranged and convenient; and the methods and appliances in use are of the newest and most improved type. A competent force of experienced hands is employed, and the work turned out. which comprises every variety of steel and copper plate engraving, is invariably of the highest degree of artistic and mechanical excellence. The house makes a specialty of wedding, business and visiting cards, invitations and announcements, the customer having a large variety of new and artistic designs to select from. The house has a wide popularity in this connection and the general patronage received is large, liberal and highly desirable, being made up to a great extent, of the best city custom. The individual members of the firm are Messrs. Joseph P. Whalen and Samuel M. Farnum, both practical engravers and printers of many years' experience. Mr. Whalen, who is a native of Boston, learned his trade with the Robinson Engraving Co., while Mr. Farnum, who is a resident of Winchester, gained a thorough practical experience in the establishment of J. A. Lowell & Co. Both are young men, enterprising, courteous and very popular with all classes in the commimity. Estimates and samples are furnished on application. T. WASHINGTON COLD SPRING MANUFACTURING COMPANY, No. 18 Broad Street.— Pure water is indispensable to the maintenance of good health, and it is a powerful agent in the eradication of many diseases. No purer natural spring water was ever discovered than that from the two springs in Chelsea, Mass.. belonging to the Mt. Washington Cold Spring Manu- facturing Company. Chemical analysis shows that this water is free from organic matter and contains so small a percent- age of mineral salts as to give it great value for domestic or medicinal uses. The Mt. Washington Cold Spring Company makes a specialty of fine soda water, the water used in the manufacture from the natural springs being extra soft and pleas- ant to the taste. The company furnishes all the flrst-class druggists and leading hotels in Boston, and the products of this house s demand wherever introduced. The water is used by the company in the manufacture of their celebrated Mt. Washington Cold Spring Ginger Ale; also for brain and nerve restorative, sarsaparilla, lemon soda. etc. At the factory in Chelsea, there are two generators of immense size, one of them the largest apparatus of the kind in the United States. The company also manufacture the choicest fruit syrups of every kind and deal in all the popular mineral spring waters, having a very large trade with all sections of the United States. The president of the com- • pany is Hon. Thomas N. Hart, the present postmaster of Boston. The treasurer is Mr. A. N. Cook, of No. 377 Washington Street. ERRILL, DEXTER & CO., Manufacturers and Importers of Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Colors, Drugs, Manufacturers' Supplies, Naval Stores, Etc., No. 120 Milk Street.— The manufacture of paints and wholesale trade in paints, oils and varnishes has a fore most exponent in Boston in the house of Merrill, Dexter & Co., whose headquarters are located at No. 120 Milk Street. This establishment is the successor of the old house of Merrill Bros., which was founded many years ago. The senior member of the firm, Mr. Charles W. Dexter, who is a native of Medford, Mass., is a valued member of the Paint and Oil Club and a thor- oughly practical paint and drug man. From 1854 to 1884 he was a member of the firm of Dexter Bros., wholesale dealers in paints, oils and varnishes, on Broad Street, retiring in 1884. In 1887 he purchased an interest in the house of Merrill Bros., when the firm name became Merrill, Dexter & Co. Mr. Merrill has since retired, but the same firm name is retained. Mr. Dexter's partner, Mr. Joseph E. Still, has been in the firm since 1887, and his experience in the paint trade covers a period of twenty-five years. He was for seven years a member of the firm of Dexter Bros., and was for many years prior to that a clerk in that estabhshment. The premises occupied for the business have dimensions of 30 x 100 feet, and comprise two spacious floors and a basement. A heavy stock is carried of paints, oils, varnishes, col- ors, drugs, manufacturers' supplies, naval stores, etc. ; also Century I'eady mixed paints, which are manufactured by this house, and which are unexcelled for uniform exceUence, economy and durability. The heavy trade supplied extends all throughout New England and New York State, and it is of the most permanent and desirable character. The firm employ some fifteen assistants and their long established facilities enable them to fill all orders upon the most satisfactory terms. J ENNO BROTHERS & CHILDS, Wool Commission Merchants, No. 117 Federal Street.— One of the leading houses in Boston carrying on extensive operations in this branch of industry is *-hat of Fenno Brothers & Childs, situated at No. 117 Federal Street. This concern has been in active existence for over a quarter century ; the business has grown from a moderate one to large proportions, and the establishment now ranks among the largest and foremost of the wool houses of this country. The busmess was founded in 1864 by Messrs. Fenno & Childs, fathers of the present partners, and has been continued under various styles since that time. In 1886 the present firm was organized, the co-partners being Messrs. Edward N. Fenno„ Lawrence C. Fenno and James M. Childs, all natives of Boston, and well-known in its commercial circles. The firm occupy four floors in the building known as No. 117 Federal Street, having an area of 20,000 feet, and two floors in the building No. 115 Federal Street, with 12,000 square feet and a storehouse, known as store E. of Atlas stores, which has 40,000 square feet. Provided with an elevator and all conveniences for handling stock, the flrm carry on general transactions as wool commission merchants, being one of the few houses in the United States, who confine their business almost wholly to selling on commission. They receive consignments from all parts of the United States and also from many parts of the wool producing foreign countries. With ample capital and with every facility for doing business in the best possible manner, their relations not only extend through the many manufacturing centers of this country, but also throughout the wool growing dis- tricts of the world. Enterprise, energy, and sound and far-reaching business sagacity have marked their career in the past, and give ample promise for a long contmued success in tne future. 206 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, OOMMEECE AND LITERATURE. I HE CHILD ACME CUTTER AND PRESS CO., Manufacturers of the Acme Self-Clamping Paper Cutters and Printing Presses, No. 64 Federal Street.— In the invention of labor-saving machinery of every description American ingenuity leads the world. Scarcely a day passes in which some useful machine or device for saving time and labor is not placed on the market. Of the numerous highly useful inventions introduced during the last few years for the purpose of cutting paper, none have obtained such a high reputation as the Acme Self-Clamping Cutting Machine, manufactured by the Child Acme Cutter and Press Company, at No. 6-1 Fedei'al Street. The business of this company was established twenty years ago, by Mr. C. C. Cliild, the inventor of the Acme cutter, and in 1887' the present company was incorporated under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $30,000, and with B. W. Child, president; O. H. Child, treasurer; and B. F. De Costa, superintendent. The factory of tlie com- pany was formerly at Cambridge, but they have recently removed to their new factory, No. 57 Kemble Street, Boston, where, with increased facilities, they give steady employment to thirty skilled workmen. The Acme cutter is used by the leading printei's, book-binders, litho- graphers, box-makers, paper raills, textile manufactui-ers, corset makers and paper dealers, and are recognized by them as labor-saving, accurate, rapid, convenient, strong, durable and simple. Forty styles and sizes are manufactured, from twenty-eight to sixty-four inches in width, including self-clamping, combined hand and self-clamp, combined foot and self-clamp, and combined hand, foot and self-clamp. Every machine is guaranteed to do perfect work. Among the more prominent users of the Acme cutter may be named the Hollingsworth & Whitney Co., Carter, Rice & Co., Forbes Lithograph Mfg. Co., Boston Herald, C. A. Lowe & Co., Frank Wood, Mclndoe Bros., A. Mudge & Son, S. K. Abbott, & Co., Perry Mason & Co., J. A. Cummings Printing Co., E. Fleming & Co., F. Estes, Boston Mailing Co., Mills, Knight & Co., Rand Avery Supply Co., among many others in Boston; New York World, Mail and Express, E. & H. T. Anthony & Co., E. E. Tomlinson, Montague & Fuller, Acme Stationery and Paper Co., Donaldson Bros., Koch, Sons & Co., B. T. Babbitt and others. New York City; Government Pi-inting Offlce, Washington, D. C. ; Leader Printing Co., Standard Oil Co., Cleveland, O. ; Ledger Job Printing Office, A. Kingston, W. A. Church, Philadelphia; Harder, Luse & Co., Winship, Morgan & Co., J. M. W. Jones Printing Co., Montague & Fuller, S. Dodsworth & Co., Chicago, 111.; A. Cast Bank Note Co., Woodward & Tiernan, C. B. Woodward Co., St. Louis Paper Co., St. Louis, Mo.; Omaha Type Foundry, Omaha, Neb.; Tribune Pubhshing Co., Denver, Col.; New Mexico Printing and Publishing Co., Santa F6, N. M. ; Moon & Stark, Louisville, Ky. ; Valentine & Co., Nashville, Tenn. ; Johnson, Smith & Co., Minneapolis, Minn.; Democrat Co., Little Rock, Ark.; C. H. Caldwell, Birmingham, Ala.; J. D. Mortimer, Portland, Oregon; L. Graham & Son, New Orleans, La.; Bacon & Co., San Francisco, Cal.; Deseret News Co., Salt Lake City, Utah; Methodist Book and Publishing Co., Toronto, Canada; J. C. Lohse, City of Mexico, Mexico; William Jackson, Aberdeen, Scotland; F. D. Phinney, Burmah, India; Lenzinger & Co., Rio de Janeiro, S. A. Tlie Improved Acme Two-Revolution Printing Press, also manufactured by this company, is especially adapted for country offices. Great cai'e is taken in their manufacture. The Blessrs. Child are natives of Connecticut, and are greatly respected in trade circles for their mechanical skill, unremit ting industry and reliable methods. Their success is the result of the comhination of practical ingenuity and business talents of the highest order, and is fully merited. B. MASON, Commission Merchant, No. 53 Avon Street.— No branch of commerce in Boston is of greater importance than the dry goods trade, and it is safe to say that for the capital invested, enterprise and industry manifested, together witli fair and honorable methods of dealing, those engaged in it as a body, excel. An important department of the industry is that occupied by the dry goods commission merchant, and a leading representative of this vocation is Mr. J. B. Mason, whose office and salesroom are at No. 53 Avon Street. Mr. Mason has had long and valuable experience in the dry goods trade, having been engaged in this line for the past thirty years; seventeen years of which he was a member of the firm of Mason & Tucker, jobbers in dry goods. Eight years ago he established business as a dry goods commission merchant, and has built up extensive trade connections with jobbers and large retailers in all parts of New England. He handles a general line of fancy dry goods, hoopskirts and bustles, and is selling agent for the following prominent concerns: Techner iS: Frank, Philadelphia; the Weedsport Skirt and Dress Company, Weedsport, N. Y. ; the Crescent Bustle Company, of Chicago; Bradley, Voorhees & Day Manufacturing Co., Limited N. Y.;' Stokes, Thompson & Co., of Philadelphia; the Canfield Rubber Company, and D. C. Hall & Co., of New York. A full line of samples is car- ried and all orders are filled at shortest notice. ILLIAMS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Manufacturers of Manvel Wind Engines, Kalamazoo, Mich., George S. Kermeen, Genera! Salesman, No. 38 S. Market Street.— The Manvel Wind Engines manufactured hy this company embodies the most recent and best improvements in this type of motor, and are the strongest and best constructed windmill in the market. This windmill has been on the market since 1864, and there are now over forty thousand in use in the different parts of the world. Dating from the Centennial year the company's foreign trade has increased from a few sold that year until now it is not an infrequent thing to be packing from one to three carloads destined for Australia, South America, Africa and other countries. This company make what are known as " solid wheel " mills, having the fewest possible joints to get out of repair and being gov- erned by the whole wheel turning instead of the sections tilting separately, as is done by w^hat are called " open wheel " mills. It is held to its work by a movable weight, the raising of which, by the wind's pressure, causes the wheel to assume a position in which it receives the wind less directly, and during a very severe gale it presents the least possible surface exposed. Their mills are guaranteed to run in as high wind as any purchaser desires. Their entire working parts are encased, thus preventing any snow, sleet or dirt from lodging therein, and also improving their appearance. Estimates are promptly furnished for water supply by Mr. Kermeen. As a guide to the selection of a windmill, this company issue a handsomely illustrated catalogue, which is fora'arded promptly on application. In conclusion we would observe that wherever one or the Manvel wind engines finds its way, the sales become extensive very rapidly. Mr. Kermeen, the general salesman here, is a native of New York, connected with this company for the past fifteen years and a young man of ability and integrity. W. BIGELOW COMPANY, Manufacturers and Importers of Brass and Iron Bedsteads, Mantel and Folding Beds, No. 70 Washington Street.— This company are the largest importers of brass and iron bedsteads in New England, and manufacture a large variety of articles in wood belonging to this branch of trade. The company was incorporated in 1889, under the laws of the State of Maine, and is officered by Frank E. Fitz, president; H. W. Bigelow, treasurer and manager. The factory is ' located on Beverly Street, and contains 8,000 square feet of floor surface. It is supplied with the latest improved wood- working machinery, operated by steam power, and employment is given to a large force of skilled and expert hands. The connections of the house with manufacturers of the highest repute in Paris, London and other European capitals, places it in a position to secure the best and latest styles in iron and brass bedsteads, and to offer them to the trade at prices which rival concerns cannot afford to duplicate. Orders bj' telephone No. 350, by telegraph or mail, receive immediate and careful attention, and the goods handled by this company will be found to surpass all others in originality and beauty of design, fine finish and uniform excellence. The trade of the house extends to all parts of New England. The manager, Mr. Bigelow. is an expert authority in this branch of trade, having devoted his time and talents thereto for the past twenty-five years, and is winning a brilliant success tor this company in its special field of usefulness. Both he and the president, Mr. Fitz, are Massachusetts men by birth and education. boston; its finance, commerce and literature. 207 H. EDGERLY, Note Broker, No. 40 State Street, Room No. 29J.— The business of the note [broker is of great importance in any large city. It is therefore of interest to the general public to obtain accurate facts in regard to the leading brokers in a commercial center like Boston. Prominent among these may be mentioned Mr. W. H. Edgerly, whose office is conveniently located at No. 40 State Street, Room 29J. This well-known and highly esteemed young business man opened his office in 1888, and has gained an enviable reputation for good judgment and honorable business methods. He was formerly with F. S. Moseley & Co. and Blake Bros. & Co., well-known bankers of this city. He deals in notes, collateral loans and corpora- tion paper of a high grade, makes profitable investments for clients, and is prepared to give valuable information and good advice on all mat- ters in his line, and will be found to be a most agreeable gentleman with whom to establish business relations. He is a native Bostonian and is prepared to give most excellent references. |HE MURRAY & TEEGURTHA COMPANY, Tool Makers and Machinists, No. 97 Oliver Street.— The Murray & Tregurtha Company, builders of marine and stationary engines, at No. 97 Oliver Street, are deservedly prominent as expert and prac- tical tool makers and machinists, and have been established in business here since 1888. Their high speed compound engine is made of the best material, and the workmanship cannot be surpassed. The cylinders are made of hard, close- grained iron; the steam and exhaust ports are very large, allowing the steam to enter at full pressure, and to escape freely without causing "back pressure." The sides of the cylinders are lagged with brass, nickle-plated, and the top-head is well finished. The pistons are fitted with self-adjusting spring ring packing; the piston rods are of steel; the cross-heads are light and strong and are self -lubricating. The crank-shaft is steel, and all the bearings are large and supplied with oil cups. The reverse lever is arranged in a very convenient and powerful manner, enabling the engine to be easily reversed under full pressure. The air and feed pumps are driven from the high pressure cross-head by a rocking lever. The engines are designed to run under a pressure of two hundred pounds of steam, and. four hundred revolutions per minute, are very economical and run quietly. Their single engines are made in the same general style, the quality of material and workmanship is of the same excellence, while the prices are as low as is consistent with good work and material. This firm also design and build special machinery, special tools, jigs and dies, models, electrical and experimental work, dynamos, motors, etc. ; and do general repairing. The co-partners, Messrs. John A. Murray, Alfred T. Tregurtha and George E. Tregurtha, are young men of large practical experience, thorough enterprise and sterling personal worth, who are winning success by honestly deserving it. This firm also build among their specialties the Tregurtha safety water tube boiler, under the patents of George E. and Alfred T. Tregurtha, of which although comparatively new, quite a number have been introduced, and in every case with perfect satisfaction, their quick steatning quali- ties combined with the durability, ease and small cost of making repairs, make it the most desirable boiler made. The steadiness of its water level and its freedom from priming, even when salt water is used, make it a boiler which for yacht use cannot be surpassed. For further information consult their circulars, copies of which may be had on application. ^^OHN F. NEWTON, JR., & BROTHER, Real Estate, Mortgages and Insurance, No. .34 Ames Building.— This firm are deservedly prominent as real estate, mortgage and fire insux-ance brokers, handling city and suburban property in Boston, Brookline, Roxbury and Dorchester, and making a specialty of the management of estates. The business was originally established in 1883, by Mr. John F. Newton, Jr., and in 1888, the present firm was organized by the admission of Mr. E. Bertram Newton to partnership. The partners are thoroughly informed as to local and suburban property values, while a safe in their office packed with powers of attorney tells the character of their clientage. Some of the largest estates in the city and vicinity are placed entirely iu their hands, while the owners go to enjoy travel and European lite for years at a time. With their experience, knowledge ■and acquaintance in real estate matters, this firm are fully equipped for rendering very distinguished service to such as place their interests in their hands. Every ward is represented on their books, as well as every class of property, including valuable building lots, residence and manufacturing sites, to sell [or [lease, and capitalists and investors will find it eminently profitable to avail themselves of the advan- tages here offered. Money is securely invested in mortgages and ground rents, and loans are negotiated on ground rents, mortgages and mortgage collateral, for a fixed period of years, or repayable in Installments. The Messrs. Newton are also deservedly I'egarded as among the best informed underwriters in the city, and as authority upon ah matters relating to fire insurance. They are sub-agents for the Hanover Fire, of New Yorkj and control the insuring of many of the choicest lines of business and residential property in the city, being universally popular with all classes of real estate owners, merchants and manufacturers. They sold recently the GratEane and Grosvenor Apartment House, at Beacon and Dartmouth Streets, for some $500,000, and are constantly engaged in large and important operations in the city and surrounding country. Messrs. Newton hold in trust large sums of money for investment in first-class mortgages at lowest possible rates, many loans being made as low as four per cent. They have long distance telephone connection with all points connecfable, thus greatly facilitating important transactions. The Messrs. Newton are native Bostonians, prominent members of the Real Estate Exchange, and young men of tried ability, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth. "jORTH BRITISH AND MERCANTILE INSURANCE COMPANY of London and Edinburgh, United States Branch, No. 54 Wil- liam Street, New York, Branch Office, No. 48 Kilby Street, Boston, F. H. ^Stevens, Resident Secretary.— The history of the rise and progress of the leading fire insurance companies is one of the most interesting topics to business men that can be discussed, and thus a careful effort is made in these pages to give accurate information. Prominent among the old estab- lished and conservatively managed companies which have so long and so satisfactorily afforded absolute protection to their pohcy holders is the North British and Mercantile Insurance Company of London and Edinburgh.whose United States branch is at No. 64 William Street, New York, while the Boston branch is at No. 48 Kilby Street, Mr. Francis H. Stevens being the secretary for east- ern Massachusetts. The New York board of management is composed of such prominent men as Solon Humphreys, of E. D; Morgan & Co. ; H. W. Barnes, Charles H. Coster, of Drexel, Morgan* Co.; David Dows, Jr., of David Dows, Jr. & Co.; Jacob Wendell, of Jacob Wendell & Co. ; Charles Ezra White, and the Hon. William Waldorf Astor. The affairs of the company are in a most flourishing condition, its total cash assets on January 1. 1891 being $-3,433,585.62. The reserve for unearned premiums was $1,636,096.82; reserve for unpaid losses, $172,- 469.34; all other liabilities, $5,756.82; net surplus, $1,619,272.74, The affairs of this time-honored corporation were ably managed from the start, and its career has been an exemplification of the great principle that permanent success lies rather in prudent and conservative man- agement, with fair dealing towards the public and the prompt adjustment of all losses, than in the short roads to success by means of taking ill-advised risks and lack of true economy and care in carrying on the business. The company is one of the strongest and best balanced fire corporations in the world, and stands on its basis of safely invested assets and large surplus, as soUd as a rock. The North British and Mercantile has been represented in Boston for some twenty odd years, and has been under the management of Mr. Stevens since 1888. This gentleman is a native and resident of Wellesley, Mass., and has been in the insurance industry for over twenty-five years. He is a member of the Boston Board of Underwriters and is an expert in all matters pertaining to his calling. 208 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. SYLVESTER & CO., Somerville Spike Works, Railroad, Ship and Wharf Spikes, OfBce No. 6 Oliver Street.— A time-honored house, one whose career has, since the hour of its inception, heen one of unremitting progress in the direction of enduring prosperity, is Sylvester & Co., owners of the Somerville Spike Works. The house manufactures in heavy volume, railroad, ship and wharf spikes, which goods it disposes of throughout an extensive connection, comprising dealers, railroad con- tractors, ship-builders, and others; the trade of the house extending throughout the entire New England section and the West. The works of the concern are commodious, and contain four lai'ge furnaces, and a like number of machines. They are appropriately equipped with every conceivable improvement designed for the facile conduct of a large business, including a steam-power service of extensive magnitude; the works requiring a corps of fifty employees in their management. The proprietor of the busiress is Mr. John E. Sylvester, who is a native of Hanover, Mass. This gentleman succeeded his father in the business, and has held possession of the factory, etc., for nearly a quarter of a century. In addition to controlling the business of the Somerville Spike Works, the destinies of which he shapes with a watchful eye and masterly hand, Mr. Sylvester is interested in the Dauvers Rolling Mills, the name of which is of too familiar a character to require comment. JLDEN PRINK, Architect, Room 59, No. 28 State Street. — Mr. Frink, who is a gentleman of middle age, was born in Ver- mont, and has been in this city since 183". He is a thoroughly expert, all-around architect, of long and varied experience, learning his profession with Elbridge Boyden, Worcester, Mass., and is master of the art in all its branches. He has been established in business on his own account for over thirty-one years, and has occupied the present ofSce, Room 59, No. 58 State Street, in the Merchants Bank Building, for more than a quarter of a century. Mr. Frink is assisted by an efficient staff of draughtsmen, and is prepared to make plans for all classes of buildings, giving particular attention to schools, insti- tutions, business blocks, and high-class residences. Designs, specifications, etc., are furnished at short notice, while construction is person- ally supervised, and all work undertaken by this gentleman is certain to be performed in a manner to satisfy the most critical. Among the more noteworthy structures designed and built by Mr. Frink may be mentioned the Boston and Maine railroad stations at Winter Hill, Woburn, Prospect Hill, Somerville, Highlands, Marblehead, Lynn Common, and Wakefield ; the Lewis and Phillips schools, Roxbury ; Police .Stations Nos. S, 9 and 12, this city; the engine-house at Quincy; the Standish monument at Duxbury, the residence of H. T. Smith, Rox- liury, and a great number of others, equally worthy of mention, throughout the city and State. ERRIMAC CHEMICAL COMPANY, No. 13 Pearl Street.— This firm are widely prominent as manufacturers of oil of vitriol, muriatic acid, nitric acid, sulphate of soda, arseniate of soda, silicate of soda, bi-sulphate of soda, bi-sulphite of soda, muri- ate of tin, tin crystals, nitrate of iron, Glauber's salt, copperas, alum, etc. ; also, as dealers in aqua ammonia, acetic acid, sal- soda, etc. The company was organized in 1863, under the laws of the State of Blassachusetts, with a capital of $150,000, and is officered as follows : President, B. Schlesinger ; treasurer, C. T. Howard ; superintendent, A. P. Howard ; directors, B. Schlesinger, C. O. Foster, C. H. W. Foster, G. Winthrop Coffin, A P. Howard. The works of the company are at South Wil- mington station. North Woburn, on the Boston & Lowell railroad, where the company owns some ninety acres of land, possessing all modern facilities for the manufacture of their specialties, and give steady employment to seventy skilled hands. The trade of the company is prin- cipally with tanners, and textile, paper and iron manufacturers throughout New England ; and the superiority of their goods, coupled with their perfected faciUties, enable them to guarantee satisfaction in all their operations, and fill all orders with the utmost promptness and dispatch. JONES MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Gem Water Filters, No. 243 Franklin Street.— After much investigation, and a careful study of the subject, the Jones Manufacturing Company, of this city, by a simple device, and a careful selection of a proper material for filtering purposes, have succeeded in overcoming every detect of other manufacturers, and have produced an article that practically meets all the requirements of a perfect water filter for domestic purposes. This is known as the " Gem Water Filter," which combines, more than any other, the essential qualities of efficiency, simplicity, durability, cheap- ness and convenience of use. It can be placed upon any faucet, requires no refilling, is easily adjusted and cared for, does not get out of order, and gives a perfectly smooth flow of water, without spattering. The Gem Filters contain the celebrated distributing disk, and are filled with ground quartz, especially prepared and screened for the purpose. The metal parts are made entirely of brass, and are nickel-plated. No solder being used in their construction, they may be eaisly taken apart with ordinary tools. The main feature of the Gem, in which it differs greatly from all other filters, is its distributing disk, suspended in the center in such a manner as to divert the flow of water from a straight course, breaking it into a spray, and throwing it into all parts of the filter, thus greatly increasing its filtering properties. It is the only filter ever made which can be conveniently taken apart with a screw-driver, and some fifty thousand are now in use. Mr. Wal- lace Jones, the moving spirit of tins industry, is a well-known Bostonian. jAMILTON WOOLEN CO., Charles Merriam, President; C. A. Coleman, Treasurer; No. 18 Post Office Square.— One of the great manufacturing enterprises represented in Boston is the Hamilton Woolen Company, which was incorporated in 1831, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, and has a capital stock of $1,000,000. It operates extensive miUs at Amesbury and Southbridge, Mass., and Messrs, Joy, Langdon & Co., of New York and Boston, are its selling agents. As manufacturers of cashmeres, worsted goods, cotton and print cloths, this company has long enjoyed a national.reputation. The mills at Amesbury run two thousand looms and sixty-five thousand spindles, in the manufacture of sheetings and print cloths, and are under the management of M. W. Qulnn, agent. The Southbridge mills turn out woolens, cashmeres and dress goods, and operate thirty-eight sets of cards, forty-two broad and nine hundred and twenty narrow looms, in charge of John Taterson, agent. Any one paying a visit to either of these mills will find a vast emporium of mechanical industry, thoroughly furnished in every department, and complete in every detail, with all the trade appliances that inventive ingenuity and mechanical skill have devised for facilitating perfections and dispatch in the manufacture of those specialties for which this company have earned such a high reputation throughout the country. The woolens and worsted goods manufactured here are standard the world over. No better goods are produced anywhere. The utmost skill and care are exercised in all methods of manufacture to improve the quality and enhance the value of the output in every conceivable way. As a result the highest degree of perfection is attained which serves to stamp the managers as gentlemen of sound judgment and business sagacity. Steady employment is given altogether to seventeen hundred hands, and the annual product aggregates 600,000 yards cashmeres, 16,000,000 yards worsted goods and 19,000,000 yards cotton and print cloths. The executive officers of the company are Charles Merriam, president; C. A. Coleman, treasurer. Mr. Merriam came into control in 1881, as successor to his father, who was largely interested in the industry for many years; and is an expert and progressive manufacturer. Mr. Coleman has been connected with the company since boyhood, and was made treasurer in 1885. He is a member of the Algonquin. Country and other social clubs, and the Boston Athletic Association, and stands- deservedly high in both social, commercial and financial circles. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 309 HE S. S. WHITE DENTAL MANXJFACTURING COMPANY, No. 160 Tremont Street.— The name of S. S. White has been so long and so promineutly identified with the manufacture of the finest classes of dental instruments that it represents what a trade-mark does in other branches of business. The industry founded by Samuel S. White in 1844 has become the largest in its line in the whole civilized world. There is no city so densely populated, no island so remote, but the name of this house is coupled with the prosperity and well-being of its people. Mr. White died in 1879, but his name and fame survive, and the S, S. White Dental Manufacturing Company, which was incorporated in July, 1881, now makes more than three-fourths of all the dental goods used in the United States. The Boston office of this company is eligibly located at No. 160 Tremont Street, and is under the expert and successful management of Dir. John F. Davis. Two floors, each 25 x 110 feet, are occupied, and the business done here is large and influential, at both wholesale and retail, extending to all parts of New England. A complete stock of the company's specialties is constantly carried, comprising the latest improved dental chairs, and every known instrument of merit for extracting, filling and cleaning teeth; also, electric motors of the best make, all the best tools and equipments for the manufacture of sets of teeth, as well as full supplies of artificial teeth; and gold, silver, rubber and other materials. A corps of twenty skilled assistants are employed here, and the wants of the dental profession are ministered to witli unexampled satisfaction and success. Mr. Davis, the manager, is a native Bostonian, who has been connected with the business of the company since 1870, and has a foundation understanding of all its details and the requirements of patrons. The company has branches in New York, Chicago, Atlanta and Brooklyn, with main office and works in Philadelphia, while its field is the world. Its executive officers are Henry BI. Lewis, president; J. Clarence White, secretary; Samuel T. Jones, treasurer; and Wil- liam H. Gilbert, general manager; who can well claim, with mighty England, that the sun never sets upon the products of their industry. HEELER & WILSON MANU- FACTURING CO., Manufac- turers of Sewing Machines and Dealers in Sewing Machine Supplies, Geo. W. Brown, Slanager ; New England Agency, Nos. 21 Lincoln and 594 Washington Streets. — For over forty years the inventors and promoters of the Wheeler & Wilson sew- ing machine have taken an active and impor- tant part in the development of the art of sewing by machinery. The machine was first introduced in 1850, by Messrs, Wheeler & Wil- son, and in 1864 the Wheeler & Wilson Blanu- facturing Company was organized, with a capital of $400,000 which was increased in 1866 to $1,000,000. The principal office and works are located in Bx'idgeport, Conn., while the agency for Maine, New Hampshire, Ver- mont, Massachusetts and Rhode Island is operated at No. 21 Lincoln Street, with retail office at No. 594 Washington Street, Boston, Mr. Geo. W. Brown, manager. This company has constantly striven for the accomplishment of such improvements, based on the interloop- ing mechanism, as would enable it perma- nently to maintain its position of superiority in the production of sewing machinery, not only for use in the household, but for all grades of manufacturing, whether in fabrics or leather. Those who seek for a sewing machine embodying all the best results of inventive skill, and constructed to do the best of service for a lifetime, should not fail to ex- amine this reliable company's productions. The Boston office is prepared to supply and fit out factories with everything required to operate these machines by steam power, and deals extensively in sewing machine supplies, attachments and parts. Repairs of all kinds are executed at short notice. , Many retail branches are operated in the states of Massa- chusetts and Rhode Island, while dealers are supplied throughout Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont. This company supplies a vei"y large part of all the shoe manufacturers in Lynn, and also operate shops in Haverhill and Brockton. Employment is given by this agency to from forty to sixty assistants. The company furnish nearly all the machines used in the manufacture of rubber goods, shirts, State Street in ladies' underwear, hemming pocket-handkerchiefs and lately are furnishing many of the clothing houses. Mr. Brown, the manager, is a native of Vermont, and has resided in Boston since 1870. He is thoroughly experienced in the wants and requirements of the sewing machine trade, and by reason of the superior merits and elegant appearance of the present styles of machines this great corporation is placing on the market, he easily keeps to the front of this line of business in the New England States. 310 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ^SjB^^DNSON MAINE SLATE CO., No. 113 Devonshire Street.— The largest and best-equipped slate quarries in the United States ""^ '^^ are those owned and operated by the Monson Maine Slate Company, at Monson, Maine. This company enjoy a national reputation as quarriei's and manufacturers of the Monson, Blaine, unfading blaclc roofing slates, and the following slate products, to wit: Laundry tubs, blackboards, urinals, counter tops, hearths, vestibule floors, s^reenhouse shelves, grave linings and covers, grave vaults, refrigerator shelves, chimney tops, register borders, headstones, base boards, wainscoting, floor tiles, slabs, grate borders, foot warmers, wash trays, sinks, water tanks, funnel stones and electric switch-boards. The company was incorporated in 1880 under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $1,000,000, and is offioered as follows, viz: David R. Straw, president; Charles H. Fifleld, treasurer; George G. Proctor, general manager; J. B. Mathews, selling agent. The special attention of our readers is directed to the slatestone products of this company, for the reason that their stone is nearly absolutely free from all impuri- ties, and hence in its native state is nearly pure silicate of aluminum. It is unfading black ; unchangeable in color luider f uUj proof sulphuric acid ; it is perfectly granulated, therefore very flexible, and hence not easily broken. Its cleavage is excellent, rendering it capable of being ■split into very thin plates when required. Its combined excellencies make it the best possible stone for all kinds of finely finished goods, where perfectly smooth surfaces are desired. At the present time this company has seven well-developed quarries in operation, producing nearly one hundred car-loads of roofing slates per month. These quarries are supplied with the latest improved steam power and machinery, and in the near future the company hope to drive all its machinery by electricity, from one large dynamo, run by the natural waterfalls which are quite near their works, and by means of which the cost of manufacturing will be considerably reduced. The shipping facilities by railroad from the quarries are excellent, enabling the company to supply parties residing in the remotest parts of the country at minimum rates of freight. Samples of the company's finished products can be seen at the State Armory, the Parker House and at the Fiske Building, which have been supplied through the Boston house. The managers of the company are gentlemen with whom it is always a pleasure to do business, and are recognized as authorities in the slate trade. lOHNSON ELECTRIC SERVICE CO., Nos. 113 and Ho Clybourn Street, Milwaukee; Wm. P. Chester, Agent, No. 72 Equitable Building.— The invention which in its general usefulness exceeds anything which has been brought to the world's notice in the electrical fine, is the Electro-Pneumatic Valve, the result of a long series of investigations and experiments by Prof. W. S. Johnson, and which is the foundation of what is now known as the Johnson Heat Regulating Apparatus, manufactured by the Johnson Electric Service Co., of Milwaukee, Wis., and suppUed in Boston by their agent, Mr. William F. Chester. This system is fully covered by letters patent, issued in 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887 and 1888, and has been generally applied throughout the country. The apparatus is very readily applied to what are ordinarily called hot air furnaces, while the invention marks an era in steam heating, as there are numerous defects incident to steam heating which this invention entirely overcomes. The valve works admirably also on hot water heating apparatus, while the results of the system have been found especially beneficial when applied to school buildings. It has been apphed successfully to hundreds of schools throughout the country, regulating the temperature, and also saving fuel and attention, in Boston and vicinity the Johnson Heat Regulating Apparatus has been installed in such prominent institutions as the new Roxbury High School, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Bowdoin School, Rutland Street School, the Winchell School, the new Ames Building, the Massachusetts State House and new extension, Boston Athenaeum, the coimcil chamber at City Hall; also Sever Hall, at Harvard Uni- versity; High School, Pierce Grammar School, and Public Library, Brookline; Felton School, Cambridge; Baltimore Street School and High :School, Lynn; Hopkins Hall, Williams College; Osborn Hall, Yale College. Among the customers of the company will be found the most prominent people in the country, all of whom with one accord speak in the highest terms of praise concerning the excellence and efficiency of the system. Our readers who are interested, should send to Mr. Chester for the company's handsomely illustrated catalogue, which gives all information concerning the principles involved and the success which has attended its use. (EORGE FOLLETT & CO., Wool, No. 154 Federal Street.— The firm of George Follett & Co., is one which is widely and favorably known to mill owners in all parts of the United States, as a very old and firmly established merchant house whose prosperity has been built up upon the especially valuable sei-vices it has rendered to the trade by handling all grades of domestic wool under favorable conditions, and supplying them with the exact quahty required, and the precise varieties best adapted to the special goods of each branch of the woolen manufacturing industry. The house had its inception in Ohio, early in the fifties, and, by 1872, had attained a development which induced its principals to remove to New York as a more ■convenient center generally, and particularly so in connection with its imported product. In 1881 the Boston office was opened as a branch, Mr. W. J. Follett, son of one of the founders taking charge, and having given into his care the cultivation of the New England trade, the parent establishment retaining the remainder of its influential connection, which embraces about every important commercial center where *he woolen industry is pursued. The firm handles every variety of wool, while making domestic pulled wool its specialty, and Mr. W. J. Follett has amply demonstrated the wisdom of establishing the Boston office by the extent to which he has been able to augment the total trade of the house by the extensive New England connection he has built up. The two senior principals, who are brothers, are Mr. George .and Mr. A. W. Follett, both born in Vermont, but who spent their early yeai's in Ohio, and they are among the best known and most respected of wool merchants. |HE EVANS AETIFICIAL LEATHER CO., Manufacturers of a Leather Substitute, No. 88 Pearl Street.— This company are deservedly prominent and popular as manufacturers of a leather substitute, especially adapted for carriage trimming, -upholstering, linings and top facings for boots and shoes. The company was duly incorporated in 1381, under the laws of the State of New Hampshire, with a capital stock of $500,000, and is officered as follows, viz. : President, Geo. A. Alden; super- intendent, C. A, Evans ; manager. Walter N. Dole, who with Messrs. E. C. Wilson, J. W. Converse, Elijah Converse, Jas. Saw- yer, Thos. B. Griggs, Geo. W. Merritt, H. S. Chase and C. A. Evans, constitute the Board of Directors. The factory of the ■company is located at Salem, N. H.. and is fully equipped with every modern improvement that tends to facilitate rapid and perfect produc- tion. The new and perfected goods of this eompanj' are adapted for carriage cushions, falls, backs, aprons, tops and curtains ; also, for upholstering furniture, lambrequins, portieres, curtains for palace and dra'n'ihg-room cars, etc. Every yard is warranted not to grow soft and become sticky, or hard and crack, under the sun's rays, or changes in the temperature. Its uniformity in weight and grain, absence of necks and flanks, its perpetual pliability, its waterproof qualities, and the additional fact that it wuU not shrink, renders it in these respects superior to real leather, while it costs from one-thii-d to one-half less. It will be found by shoe manufacturers to be a desirable material for them to use as a top facing, side-stay or button-piece lining, in place of sheepskins or skivers. Only an expert can distinguish it from the best quality of leather, while it costs one-third as much. The company also make a gimp to match their goods, and cover tacks and buttons with their material to match the goods, ■ivhich may be selected for any job. A full line is carried in stock at the salesrooms in this city, and all orders receive prompt and careful attention. Mr. Evans, the inventor of the leather substitute, is in charge at the works of the company, while Mr. Dole, the manager of the business in this city, is eminently popular and successful in meeting all demands of the trade. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATURE. 2H M. WESTON, Wholesale Dealer in Watches and Clocks, Etc., No. 89 Court Street.— Certainly no line of commercial or manu- facturing industry in the United States has made more rapid strides than that engaged in the production of perfect time- keeping watches and clocks. For many years cm- people were compelled to look to Europe for their supply of these goods, '^ \\ but to-day, American watches and clocks are quite equal in excellence of workmanship and beauty of design to the same class of goods made abroad. A most important matter to be considered in purchasing such goods, is that of selecting a house that has a high established reputation for honorable business methods. A well-known and prosperous house of this character in Boston is that of Mr. W. BI. Weston, located centrally at No. 89 Court Street. This reliable and old established house dates its origin as far back as 1840— over half a century ago — when Mr. Weston first founded it in Reading, this state, and in 1847, he moved it to Woburn, where he remained until 1865, when, desirous of entering a larger field of labor and enterprise, he removed to this city, and at once developed a very large and substantial wholesale and retail trade, that now extends throughout the entire city and vicinity. The premises occupied are amply spacious and commodious, very neatly appointed and fitted up with every convenience for the successful prosecution of his trade, while the fine assortment of goods is displayed most advantageously. The stock carried embraces a full and complete hne of the very best fine gold and silver watches in all designs and styles for ladies and gentlemen, and of the most reliable American and European production, and are all guaranteed to be just as represented. His stock includes also a splendid assortment of fine French, Swiss, and Ameri- can clocks in every variety of pattern and style, warranted to be perfect time-keepers. To meet the wants of the trade, he also carries a full and complete line of watch and clock makers' materials, such as glasses, tools of every description, materials, parts, watch chains, besides a full line of spectacles, eye glasses, lenses, opera and field glasses, and other optical goods, all of which are offered at the very lowest figures. A full force of thoroughly skilled and experienced workmen are given employment in making repairs to fine watches and clocks for the ti'ade, and all work done here is warranted to give satisfaction. Mr. Weston is a native of the Old Bay State, somewhat advanced in years, and is a resident of Reading. He is a very pleasant, refined, and courteous gentleman, honorable, reliable and pronipt, and is most highly respected in social and business circles. IKCELSIOR UMBRELLA MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Manufacturers of Umbrellas and Parasols, No. 13 Chauncy Street. —This company was incorporated in 1883 with a capital stock of $50,000 and early became justly celebrated for the superiority of their products, quickly developing a trade thoroughly national in extent and eminently creditable in character. The busi- ness premises comprise three floors, containing 15,000 square feet of floor space, supplied with twenty sewing machines, operated by electric power; and employment is given to one hundred skilled hands. The treasurer, Mr. Anton Russy, is thor- oughly experienced in this branch of manufacture and a recognized authority upon all- matters relating thereto. This com- pany are manufacturing to-day the best silk, gloria, alapacaand cotton umbrellas on the market; they are noted for new and elegant novelties in sticks and heads, the latter being of solid gold, solid silver, various fancy styles, including natural heads, in all varieties of finish and from which the most fastidious can make selections. From twelve hundred to fifteen hundred pieces are turned out daily, and the goods are in steady demand in all parts of the United States. A corps of talented salesmen are kept on the road taking orders, and branches are operated at No. 441 Broadway, New York, and Room No. 62, Lakeside Building, Chicago. Mr. Russy is a native of Vienna, Austria, was traveling salesman for a New York house in the same line previous to the formation of this company and is a popular business man. A. SMITH, Agricultural Implements and Machines, No. 38 S. Market Street.— This gentleman is an extensive dealer in agricultural implements and machines, and is especially prominent as New England agent for Clark's Cutaway Harrow. This harrow will thoroughly cut and pulverize the soil to the depth of four or more inches. With all the old pattern har- rows it has been difficult to control certain conditions, such as light swards, sodded lands, fields that have been plowed for several months, or wheat, corn, oats and other stubble lands; in fact, heretofore the tool to be used upon that class of lands has been the plow; but with the Cutaway harrow the condition has changed. With this harrow many of these fields can now be cultivated in a much more perfect manner than is possible with the plow, and in less than half the time. Heretofore a few harrows with complete disks have had seeders attached and in light soil, or fields previously prepared, have worked fairly well; but with Clark's Cutaway harrow no previous preparation is necessary. There are very few soils that have been plowed within a year that cannot be sown and completed at one operation with Clark's Seeding Harrow. There are two independent seed boxes, and each works independent by its own gang; both can be used or only one, if desired. This seeder is not an experiment, as it has been fully tested in all parts of the country before putting it on the market, and is positive in its action, and perfect in its seeding. These feeders will sow timothy, Hungarian, hemp, buckwheat, spring and winter wheat, rye, barley, oats and in fact all kinds of seeds. The great demand for a good tool for cultivating orchards has led the manufacturers to adopt the Cutaway harrow. The fruit growers' and orchard harrow will pulverize the ground to the depth required, subduing all weeds and trash, and forming them into a mulch, which protects the roots and retains the moisture. It is made so that the [soil can be turned either way, .from or towards the tree. Clark's Cutaway Corn or Cotten Cultivator possesses entirely new principles in cultivating corn or cotton. The Baby Cultivator is built on the principle of the Cutaway harrow, and is designed for gen- eral cidtivation. For the cultivation of small plants it is unsurpassed by any other implement. Clark's Cutaway Revolving Plow is made on the principle of the celebrated Cutaway harrows. These plows require less than half ;the power of any other pattern of gang plows. They are strong and durable. One horse can easily handle a foot in width of these plows. Clark's Cutaway Leveling RIachine is unequaled for levehng and making smooth any land with an uneven surface. Mr. Smith was born on a farm in New Brunswick, and has been engaged in the agricultural implement trade in this city for the past forty years. He is a recognized authority upon all matters pertaining to the business. C. LOMBARD, Mechanical Engineer and Solicitor of Patents, No. 40 State Street,— This gentleman is prominent both as a mechanical engineer and solicitor of patents, and established himself in business here in 1858, as a mechanical engineer, in which he won rapid and marked distinction, and in 1868 £t.dded the patent business to his other facilities. He now offers the best possible facilities to all desiring to procure strong and valid letters patent, or requiring any investigations in connec- tion therewith. Inventors can always obtain free advice from him in regard to the patentability of any device or discovery. By placing the main points before him in a clear and concise manner, applicants can expect a prompt answer, often by return mail. Mr. Lombard promptly transacts every description of patent office work, including the preparation and filing of applications for letters patent, design patents, reissues, trade-marks, labels and copyrights; the prosecution of interference, appeal and infringement cases; the renewel of forfeited applications, the securing of foreign patents, etc. He is especially prominent as an expert in patent causes, in which he has had an extended experience and won a deservedly high reputation. General and detailed drawings, and designs for all kinds of machinery, are executed with accuracy and dispatch, and the construction of machinery is superintended, when desired, while particular attention is given to perfecting new inventions in machinery. Fees are moderate in all cases. Mr. Lombard is a Maine man by birth, but a resident of Massachusetts since 1850. and known and honored as an expert in his profession. 212 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. H. CDMMINGS & CO., Machinists, No. 110 High Street.— This now eminent industrial business was founded in a smalt way, at No. 164 High Street, by Mr. H. H. Cummings, in 1881, and so rapidly has it grown in the estimation of manufactur- ing houses, in New England and throughout the United States, and so greatly has its scope been enlarged, that it now has premises at No. 110 of the same thoroughfare, consisting olf over seven thousand square feet of floor space, and gives employ- ment to from twenty to thirty expert machinists and fitters, in the construction of every conceivable description of small machines, a specialty, however, being made of shoe machinery. Assisting inventors in giving practical shape to ingenious contrivances for utilitarian purposes, the firm itself is provided with the most modern types of lathes, shaping machines, screw cutting machines, drilling anc boring machines, vises, implements and tools, nothing being omitted from its equipment which can facilitate and expe- dite the construction of beautifully finished and smooth-working machines, and special tools. Of the two partners, Mr. H. H. Cummings, who initiated the enterprise, is a resident of Maiden, while Mr. A. D. Crombie lives in the same neighborhood. Both are men of Mas- sachusetts birth, deservedly and highly respected. Mr. Cummings' latest invention is a very high speed compound engine, adapted particu- larly to dynamos. As it attaches directly to the armature shaft it does away with all pulleys and belts, thereby making it the most compact and complete apparatus for the purpose ever put on the market, the space required for the engine and dynamo to produce one hundred lights not exceeding 6i' x 2' x 3i'. IIOKEOW & WILKINSON, Tin Plate, Sheet Iron and Copper Workers, No. 33 Sudbury Street.— Owing to the thoroughly efa- cient and workmanlike manner in which this rehable house invariably executes all the work that comes within its compre- hensive scope, it has, in the comparatively short time of its establishment, been accorded a liberal measure of support from- al] parts of Massachusetts; its services being called into requisition for various "matters incidental to tin plate, sheet iron and copper work, including heating, ventilating, roofing, pipiug for furnace work, and the putting-in and fixing of furnaces, com- plete; this latter constituting the specialty of the business. Moreover, all kinds of jobbing and repairing are undertaken and executed, at most reasonable prices, in the highly satisfactory manner already hinted. The firm was instituted in 1887, by the present pro- prietors, Mr. C. E. Morrow, and Mr. J. B. Wilkinson, who have had a long, practical experience in this Ime. The premises are furnished with a complete equipment of machinery, tools and appliances pertaining to the business. The two able and efficient principals, who give their undivided attention to every detail of the business, are both members of the I. O. R. M., and are natives, respectively, Mr. Morrow or Maine and Mr. Wilkinson of New Hampshire. IMMONS, AMSDEN & CO., Fruits and Vegetables, Faneuil Hall Market, Stalls Nos. 94', 96, 98, Cellar No. 17, North Side.— Messrs. Simmons, Amsden & Co. are wholesale and retail dealers in foreign and domestic fruits and vegetables, receiving from various points throughout the United States and the British provinces, and handle large quantities of Florida oranges and Southern products. They have an extensive permanent patronage, shipping all over New England, and their trade, already of a very substantial character, affords evidence of steady increase. This flourishing business was established in 1844 by Porter & Simmons, who were succeeded by A. B. Simmons & Co., who were in turn succeeded by Simmons & Amsden, the firm name in 1864 becoming Simmons, Amsden & Co., and as such it has since been conducted with uninterrupted success, although all the members thereof, with the exception of D. E. Butterfleld, have been removed by death in the interim. Harrison Porter died in 1855, A. B. Simmons in 1873, and T. J. Amsden on June 23, 1890, when the business passed into the sole control of Mr. Butterfleld. The firm have com- modious and well-appointed quarters at stalls Nos. 94, 96, 98 and cellar No. 17, north side, and have a warehouse besides on Ferry Street. A large and carefully assorted stock is constantly kept on hand, and includes everything in the line indicated, the specialties being apples,. Florida oranges, bananas and early vegetables; liberal inducements being offered to dealers and large consumers. Mr. Butterfleld is a native of this city, well and favorably known both as a citizen and a merchant. He is a man of long and varied experience in this fine, being connected with the house since 1839, and a partner in the same twenty-nine years, and is a member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce and the Fruit and Produce Exchange. ^PEAR & CO., Wholesale and Commission Dealers in Foreign Fruits and Country Produce, Nos. 99 and 101 South Market Street. The house of Spear & Co. was founded some twenty-nine years ago by Messrs. Joshua and Charles Spear, brothers, and was conducted under their joint control for fourteen years, when Mr. Chas. Spear retired. Six years ago Mr. Joshua Spear admitted to partnership his son, Mr. Will F. Spear, and these two gentlemen now form the personnel of the firm. They are- active members of the Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange, also of the New York Fruit Exchange. The firm formerly car- ried on business on Broad Street and on Chatham Row, and have been at the present address the past seventeen years. Here they occupy spacious well-appointed quarters and carry on a flourishing business as wholesale and commission dealers in foreign fruits and country produce, making leading specialties of oranges, lemons, and popcorn, handhng about 100,000 boxes of oranges and lemons a year. Their trade extends all over New England and is particularly heavy in Boston. )E0. H. PHILBROOK & CO., Commission Merchants, Wliolesale an;: Retail Dealers in Butter, Cheese and Eggs, No. 8 New Faneuil HaU Market.— Thirty-three years ago the firm of Messrs. Geo. H. Philbrook & Co. was organized for the prosecution of the commission business in butter, cheese and eggs, and they are still prominently engaged in the same line. Their loca- tion was originally in Quincy Market, but for thirty years past they have occupied stall No. a and basement No. 11 in New Faneuil Hall Market; the former for the retaU and the latter for the wholesale department. They have excellent facilities for carrying on an extensive business, one refrigerator alone having a capacity for 500 packages of butter. The firm receive large consignments of dairy products from the most celebrated districts, and have established such a reputation for the superior quality of their goods as brings them orders from ah parts of New England. Mr. Philbrook was born in New Hampshire and has lived in Boston for many years. He is a member of the Boston Chamber of Commerce, Paul Revere Lodge, F. and A. M., and of the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Corps. I ATCH'S HAT HOUSE, No. 311 "Washington Street.— At the popular house of Mr. L. P. Hatch, opposite the Old South Church, may always be found a splendid display of tall or silk hats, derbys, soft felt, and all other style hats, all of the most rehable manufacture, and all offered at the most reasonable prices. The business of this establishment was originally founded in 1850, at the corner of Washington and Frankhn Streets by Mr. F. Wies. The firm afterward became Wies & Zoe- bisch, a removal being made to a store under the Boston Theatre. In 1883 the flrm of Wies & Hatch was formed, Mr. Hatch having been with the old flrm for six years previously, and continued up to 1887 when Mr. Wies retired, Mr. Hatch became sole proprietor and moving to his present address the same year. The premises occupied comprise a store and basement, 20 x 100 feet in dimensions, and an upper floor, the latter being used as a department f oi- the manufacture of furs, to order. Furs are also cleaned, dyed, .stored and insured. The salesroom contains a complete stock of fine hats and caps, also umbrellas and robes. Mr. Hatch is a native of Maine and has resided in Boston since 1874, since which date he has been engaged in the hat trade. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 313 IMITH & ANTHONY STOVE COMPANY, Nos. 48 to 54 Union Street.— This company operate extensive iron and brass foundries at Wakefield, Mass., where they give constant employment to several hundred hands, while the exigencies o£ the business in Boston require the services of nearly one hundred more. The company was incorporated in 1879. under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a capital of $100,000, and is officered as follows, viz. : William E. Smith, presi- dent; E. W. Anthony, ti'easurer; J. R. Prescott, secretary. These gentlemen are expert and practical representatives of the business in all its branches, starting years ago with a purpose to manufacture only the best goods of the most reliable and artistic designs, and the policy then adopted has never been deviated from, but has borne fruit in the present immense bus- iness. The managers have steadily enlarged their personality so as to keep abreast of the most exacting requirements, and have enlisted all the agencies of the artistic and decorative professions in the production of their wares, which are most attractively displayed in their ware- rooms. These warerooms comprise an entire six-story building, 7o x 100 feet in dimensions. This company has acquired all the pat- terns, stock and good ivill of the old-established firm of F. Moraudi & Son, which includes all the patterns of the celebrated Whiteley ranges, ovens, kettles, etc., formerly made by E. Whiteley & Co. This consolidation makes this company the largest manufacturers of high-grade hotel and restaurant goods in the country. They are now prepared to estimate on kitchen outfits, from the smallest restaurant to the larg- est hotel or public institution. They make a specialty of hotel kitchen utensils of every description, such as Enghsh grills, roasting ovens, egg boilers, laundry stoves, confectioners' stoves, ventilators, gas griddles, copper kettles, saucepans, potato fryers, potato slicers, waffle irons, broilers, chafing dishes, ice cream freezers, jelly molds, hotel cutlery and other requisites. Their French-wrought iron ranges are fully twenty-five per cent, heavier than other French ranges, and have a much greater durability. Among the company's patrons are included such prominent hotels as the Adams House, Young's, Vendome, Brunswick, the Parker, the Eevere, the Langham, the Crawford, Victoria and others in Boston; the Fabyan, Profile, Crawford, Glen and Twin Mountain, at the White Mountains; Atlantic House, Nantasket; Louisburg, at Bar Harbor; Old Orchard House, Fiske House and Sea Shore, Old Orchard; Ocean View House, Block Island; Ponce de Leon and Casa Monica, St. Augustine, Fla.; the Everett. Jacksonville, Fla. ; and hundreds of hotels and public institutions throughout the coun- try. The Anthony steel plate furnace has been constructed by this company to meet every requisite of proper ventilation and sanitary fui'- nace heating, and embodies the best results of modern sanitary heating. In this furnace mechanical skill and excellence of materials preclude any of the dangers incident to the escape of gas. It is offered by this company as the most perfect sanitary heater in the mar- ket. Special attention is given to the export trade and foreign correspondence is solicited. The Hub ranges, heaters and furnaces are an extensive and popular line furnished by this house, and include as specialties the Hub Grand and Union Hub ranges and the Jewel and Pearl Hub heaters. The reflex grate, the ordinary flat grate, a dumping wood grate or a triangular grate is furnished as desired, and the wonderful wire gauze oven door is also applied to the Hub line of ranges. This door is officially used and endorsed by the Boston and New York cooking schools. This company also show many special designs and inventions for artistic fire-places. The entire establishment is a storehouse of the best and most practical productions in the above named lines.' The president, Mr. Smith, is a Massachusetts man by birth, and of large experience in this branch of industry. The treasurer, Mr. Anthony, and the secretary, Mr. Prescott, are natives of Rhode Island, having had special training and long experience in this line of business. BEACH & CO., Dyestuffs, No. 71 Kilby Street, Rooms, Nos. 26, 27 and 28.— A leading house in Boston engaged in the importation and sale of dyestuffs, chemicals, etc., is that of Messrs. Beach & Co., whose offices in this city are located at No. 71 Kilby Street, Rooms Nos. 26, 27 and 28, with factory and principal office at Hartford, Conn. The parent house has been in opera- tion about eighty years and is now conducted under the proprietorship of Messrs. George and Charles M. Beach, sons of the founder of the business. They bring to bear vast practical experience and import direct from the East Indies, Mediterra- nean ports, Italy, Australia, New Zealand and Europe, and are constantly receiving supplies such as enable them to challenge ■comparison as to quality, and defy competition as to price. Its business is mostly with cotton and woolen mills, and paper and leather manu- facturers throughout the country. This house holds the agency for Brooks, Simpson & Spillar, proprietors of the Atlas Aniline Works, of England, also of the British Alizarine Company [Limited], also of Mucklow & Co., of Bury, England, and is in a condition to conduct all opera- tions under the most favorable auspices. The firm have attained a celebrity only equaled by the most sterling manufacturers of the coun- try and it is a house with whom it is always pleasant and profitable to deal. EW ENGLAND AUTOGRAPHIC REGISTER COMPANY, No. 86 Union Street.— The New England Autographic Register Company was incorporated in 1889, under the laws of the State of Maine, with a capital of $250,000, and is licensed for New- England by the National Autographic Register Company, of New York. These registers are used by merchants for charg- ing goods, for sending goods C. O. D., for ordering goods, and in a cash business with equal convenience and to the greatest advantage. They are leased on moderate terms, and any information regarding the system for the absolute control by the proprietor of a retail or wholesale business will be furnished at the office of the company. Over one thousand registers are leased in New England, and among well-known parties in Boston and vicinity using them, may be named the American Baptist Publishing ■Company, Boston Woven Hose Company. Connecticut River Lumber Company, R. H. White & Co., Shepard, Norwell & Co., Geo. C. Good- win & Co., Carter, Carter & Kilham, Macullar, Parker & Co., Boston Bolt Co., and Plummer's Shoe Store, among many others in Boston ; Boston Manufacturing Company, Waltham Bleachery, Waltham; T. Fred King, Burnham & Richardson, Chelsea; L. Pedriek, Standard Shoe Com- pany, Lynn; Worcester Corset Company, Cumner& Bell, Worcester; J. E. Thompson, A. B. Lawrence & Co., Fitchburg; Taylor's Music House, A. P. Chapin & Bro., Springfield; H. M. Bixby & Co., Salem. The officers of the company are J. C. Shoup, of New York, president; W. O. Armes, treasurer and manager; both of whom are well-known, enterprising and progressive in their business methods. I HE Mcdowell portable oven company, No. 86 union street,— The McDowell Portable Oven Company are widely famous as manufacturers of the McDowell Portable Oven, which was invented and patented by Mr. S. J. McDowell, in 1884. In 1886 the patents were purchased by Mr. W. O. Armes, who organized the present company in 1888. The McDowell Porta- ble Oven has been before the public for the past eight years and has been thoroughly tested. It is now conced'ed to be the only portable oven in the world that will bake as well and meet all the demands of a brick oven. This can be readily proved by the hundreds now using them. It is strictly portable, convenient for transportation, needs no mechanic to put it up, but :a baker, with the assistance of two men, can have it in running order inside of an hour. There is little or no radiation, perfectly even heat, and more economical in fuel, which makes it practically a perfect oven. This company also manufacture and deal in all kinds of confec- tioners' tools, fixtures and findings. Their ovens are in use by the best houses everywhere, by Huyler's, of New York; Hotel Berkeley, Boston; Fiske Hotel, Old Orchard, Me., Louisburg Hotel, Bar Harbor, Me., Vienna Cafe, Providence, R. I. ; Hart & Co., Honolulu, S. I., and others too numerous to particularize. Agencies are established in Chicago, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and other large cities. Mr. Armes, the moving spirit of the enterprise, is a resident of Lexington, Mass. 214 BOSTON; ITS B'^INANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. lENRY ANDERSEN, Ship and Steamship Supplies, No. 58 Long Wharf.— In the important branch o£ industry relating to ship and steamship supplies, the more worthy representatives of the calling in the city have received a notable accession to their number by the inauguration of the business o£ Mr. Henry Andersen, at No. 58 Long Wharf, on January 1st, 1891; the newly mitiated enterprise being specially worthy of notice, alike by reason of the ripe experience of its principal, and the wide scope of the business undertaken. Mr. Henry Andersen has for fourteen years been intimately identified with business of this description, and for eleven years held a responsible position with Mr. George Billings. It is the ripe experience thus gained which is enabling him to direct with marked success an enterprise relating to ship supplies, and embracing within its range oils, paints, varnishes, groceries and provisions, water supply, etc. That the operations of the house are on an extensive scale may be judged from the fact that the premises at the address named consist of three floors each 30 x 75 feet in amplitude, and each utilized to the full for the storage of a heavy, miscellaneous and complete stock. Everything is procured from the best direct source of supply for each kind of merchandise, and offered at wholesale and retail at correspondingly low rates. Mention should not be omitted of the fact that in the supply of fruit the house has the advantage of representing the Boston Fruit Company. Mr. Andersen, who is a native of Norway, has lived for a number of years in Boston, and his well-known energy, business aptitude and integrity renders the success of his ventui'e a matter of no surprise. N. BIGELO\y, Paper, Twine and Marlins, No. 17 South Street.— Although established as late as July 1,1891, this gentleman has developed an extensive patronage. He deals at wholesale in paper, twine, leather board and kindred supplies, and his sales- rooms are fitted up with every convenience for the rapid handling and perfect preservation of stock. The lines carried em- brace plain and printed wrapping paper, paper bags, ice cream, oyster and berry buckets, straw and manilla paper, tissue and toilet paper, cards and leather board, and twine of every description. The stock is secured from manufacturers direct and the field has been cultivated so industriously and intelligently that most valuable advantages are enjoyed by the proprietor, enabling him to offer the best productions at the lowest prices known to the market. Mr. Bigelow is a native and resident of Holbrook, Mass., was for two years a partner in the firm of J. E. Peckham & Co., and is a gentleman of large experience and fine business qualifications. IMERY BEMIS & CO., Dealers in. Packers and Importers of Leaf Tobacco, No. 3-2 Central Wharf.— Messrs, Emery Bemis & Co. are extensive dealers in, packers and importers of leaf tobacco for the manufacture of cigars only. They import large quantities of tobacco from Havana, and also handle the Kentucky and other domestic products very extensively. They have large packing-houses at Windsor Locks, Conn., and Janesville, Wis. Their warehouse in this city contains four floors, each 25 x 100, and they have additional storage accommodation in the State Street block, with capacity for the reception of 1,500 cases of tocacco. Their business transactions not only extend to all parts of this country, but include heavy shipments to the African coast and other foreign markets. The domestic trade requires the services of two traveling representatives. The business was established under the present firm style in 1859, but since 1871 has been carried on by Mr. Emery Bemis, a native of Boston and thor- oughly conversant with the tobacco trade in all its details. This is the largest house in its line in the city. P. Squire. RED. L. BROWN & CO., Dealers in Beef, Pork, Etc., No. 13 New Faneuil Hall Market.— Messrs. Fred. L. Brown & Co., deal in both Brighton and Western meats, and carry a heavy stock of beef, pork, lard, hams, tallow, smoked and dried beef; smoked, corned, and saltpetered tongues; tripe, sausages, etc. The services of five assistants are required in filling orders from all parts of the city, and numerous localities within a radius] of 125 miles. The trade of the house is largely wholesale, supply- ing hotels, restaurants and dealei's, but they also have a very flourishing retail business. Mr. Brown is a native of Maine; a young man, but has had fifteen years' experience in the business, having been connected with the well-known house of Jno. The firm of Messrs. Fred. L. Brown &. Co. was established in 1884, and the enlargement of their business has been rapid. gEORGE H. HASTINGS, Portraits, No. 146 Tremont Street.— Mr. George H. Hastings, the photographer, whose popular studio is at No. 146 Tremont Street, has long been recognized as one of Boston's leading photographic artists. The business was established twelve years ago by Messrs. Ritz &. Hastings, and eight years since Mr. Hastings became sole proprietor. Mr. Hastings was born in St. Johnsbury, Vt., but has long resided in Boston. He is a prominent member of the Photographers Association of America, and has served as its president, ably and efficiently. The premises occupied are two floors and the roof, the latter being a most important adjunct in this business. The light in the operating gallery is one of the best in Bos- ton, being 15 x 17 feet in dimensions. The equipment, also, is unsurpassed, for the latest improvements in|photographic apparatus are to be found here, including a large camera, 25 x 30 inches. Employment is found for twenty-three hands in the various departments. Photog- raphy in all its branches is executed in the highest style of the art. The excellence of Mr. Hasting's work is atteafcd in the fact that his exhib- its have received the following prizes:— silver medal, Boston, 1881 ; gold medal, Boston, 1887; grand prize, P. A. of A., Washington, 1890; bronze medal, 1890. A leading specialty is made of the finest class of portrait work, individual or groups. The pictures turned out by this house are unsurpassed for delicacy of finish, tone, shading! likeness, naturalness, and the indescribable points that give to a picture the salient charac- teristics that mark the work of the artist. Visitors to Boston will do well to have their photos taken at this splendid establishment. H. WHITE & CO., Manufacturers' Agents, No. 78 Chauncy Street.— This prosperous business concern, owned and controlled by Messrs. J. H. White & Co. of No. 78 Chauncy Street, Boston, and Church Street, New York City, has been established for seventeen yeai-s, during which time its name has remained unaltered. The firm are selling agents for the Manchester Mills • of N. H., and the chief commodities handled are printed cotton goods and worsted fabrics, the quality of the same being a subject of common admiration throughout the entire community. The headquarters of the house are located in Boston. The partnership is made up of the following gentlemen; Mr. Joseph H. White, Mr. F. D. Lecompte, and Mr. F. O. Barton. They gentlemen are all native Bostonians and have all had many years of constant experience in their business. MERICAN LEAF TOBACCO COMPANY, Importers and Packers of Leaf Tobacco, No. 22 Central Wharf.— Mr. S. Salomon, proprietor of the American Leaf Tobacco Company, possesses a rare amount of energy, business aptitude and -.vell- direeted application and has had a lengthy experience in the business, he having for thirteen years held responsible positions with leading New York and Boston tobacco houses. A couple of years ago he inaugurated his present venture and his trained judgment in distinguishing the intrinsic merit of each variety of leaf, his close knowledge of current market prices and his thorough familiarity with the best sources of supply for choice domestic and imported brands, suitable for prime cigars, has enabled him to procure stock greatly appreciated by buyers and has eventuated in the rapid building up of an enviably large connection. Foreign varieties are imported direct by the firm. Mr. Salomon is of New York birth, and is well-known and greatly respected in this city. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATUEE. 21& ijjr^^^^ANIEL McINERNEY, Merchandise Broker and Manufacturers' Agent, No. 56 Chatham Street.— One o£ Boston's mostenter- ^^ ^^^^^ prising and best known merchandise brokers and manufacturers' agents is Daniel Mclnerney, who has been engaged in the ^^ ■ M line indicated for the past ten years, and has built up a very active trade. Mr. Mclnerney makes a specialty of handling, ^^ W^^r grocers' supplies, and is agent for the Consolidated Rice Company ; also for Alart & McGuire, pickles, and J. M. Taylor, soda. ^^ GlitjyAL He represents a number of producers and sells to jobbers throughout the New England States. Mr. Blclnerney is prepared to ItfS^'i^Xrx^^ e.YBCUte orders tor anything in the Une indicated, quoting manufacturers' prices, and relations once established with him are reasonably certain of leading to an enduring business connection. Correspondence is invited, and communications of a business nature receive prompt response, while all orders are filled in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner. H. DAVIS & CO., Paper Mill Machinery, No. 53 State Street.— A leading and thoroughly representative house engaged in the business of supplying paper mill machinery for this important branch of commercial activity, is that of Messrs. P. H. Davis & Co., No. 53 State Street, Room No. 1019, which was established six years ago. Mr. F. H. Davis, the head of the firm, is a native of Cambridge, Blass., and originally established himself in business at Holyoke, removing to this city two * years ago. He deals in every description of paper making machinery, receiving orders for alf makes, and shipping direct from the factories. Owing to his wide and influential connections with the leading manufacturers of paper-making machinery throughout the country, he is enabled to offer advantages in the way of terms and prices which it would be difficult to duplicate elsewhere, and manufacturers and mill-owners, desiring anything in his line, will find it highly advantageous to consult him, before placing their orders. Boston Common— Tremont Street Mall. gEORGE W. CAPEN & CO., Manufacturers of Plush and Leather Toilet Cases, No. 13 Kingston Street.— A reliable firm engaged in this city as manufacturers of plush and leather toilet cases, etc., is that of Messrs. George W. Capen & Co., who, during the six years of their standing have enjoyed an uninterrupted prosperity and fast-increasing support, until the trade they now control reaches to all parts of the New England States. The chief lines of manufacture are flue plush and leather toilet cases hand-sewed tourists' sets, collar, cuff and handkerchief boxes, blacking sets, etc., and it is the thoroughly genuine quality and uniformly reliable make and finish of these goods which have been mainly instrumental in accruing to the enterprise the very satisfactory connection already noted. The business owes its inception, as "well as its vei-y efficient management ever since, to the present proprietor, Mr. George W. Capen, who is a native of this city. SHORN & WILSON, Wholesale Dealers in Paper, No. 20 Federal Street.— The old and responsible house of Messrs. Osborn & Wilson, wholesale dealers in paper, conduct a business of a truly national character; and for the better transaction of the trade throughout New England, a branch office was initiated two years ago in this city, at No. 20 Federal Street, by Mr. W. J. Thompson, the firm's duly accredited manager. This gentleman has since conducted the affairs here with marked success, and by his well-directed energy, ripe experience and sound ability, has materially augmented the already extensive connec- tions of the house throughout the New England States. The chief lines handled are manilla paper, hardware paper, book and paper bags and twine. Mr. Thompson is a native of this city, and has been engaged in the paper trade for several years. 216 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. JERMANN C. LAGREZE, Insurance, No. 70 State Street.— There is, perhaps, not one among the number who have come to the front in the domain of risks in this city within recent years that has.been more prosperous than Hermann C. La^reze. He has been established since April, 18S9, and has acquired a large and flourishing patronage, and numbers in his cHeutele some of Boston's stanchest citizens and largest property owners. Mr. Lagreze, wnu is a qualified notary public, is a native of Germany, but has been in this country for quite some time, residing at Roslyndale, and is secretary to the German Consulate in Boston. He is a young man of entire reliability, and is thoroughly conversant with every feature and detail pertaining to insurance. Mr. Lagreze is a general insurance broker, placing all classes of desirable risks with responsible companies at lowest rates con- sistent with absolute security, and guarantees prompt adjustment and payment of losses. He enjoys exceptional facilities for handling large fire lines, and represents many of the foremost European and American institutions devoted to this class of risks, being agent for the Ger- man-American, of New York, the Orient, of Hartford, and also transacts business for various other companies. H, COOLIDGE, Commission Dealers in Lumber and Coal, No. 71 Kilby Street.— The Chattaroi Coal Company is repre- sented in Boston by A. H. Coolidge, at No. 71 Kilby Street, who is putting on the market their most excellent coal for open grates. It is mined in Eastern Kentucky, where, it is a well-known fact, the richest beds of high grade cannel in this country are located; the Chattaroi being mined from the richest and purest of these beds, it makes a small percentage I * of ash, and is especially selected and prepared before shipment, insuring delivery in good condition, and with a minimum of waste. There are a great many varieties of cannel c6al on the markets-good, bad, and indifferent — and a large experience in handling this class of coal, added to the high endorsement received from many prominent dealers and gas companies, warrants Mr. Cool- idge in asserting that in the Chattaroi he has the standard American cannel, fully equal to an imported article at a considerable less cost to the consumer, and a coal that will give the best satisfaction to the highest class of trade fof house use, fire department purposes, and gas enriching. The Chattaroi is shipped in sealed box cai*s, holding from fifteen to thirty tons, direct from collieries to all points in the United States and Canada; this enables dealers to purchase in convenient quantities. To those having open grates in their houses this coal is by far the best, as there is no fine ash to speak of, and it is a favorite among dealers on account of there being no coal to be sold for " chips," as it is all hand picked before leaving the mines. No better recommendation can be given this coal than to say it is used almost exclusively in Har- vard College, and among the richest class of trade in Boston. Mr. Coolidge has introduced his coal so thoroughly that it can be found in the yards of nearly all the prominent dealers in New England. H. FLANDERS, Negotiator of Real Estate and Mortgages, No. 43 Milk Street.— Prominent among the oldest established real estate negotiators in this city is the well-known and re.sponsible house of Mr. O. H. Flanders. A leading specialty is made of the transfer of Chelsea and centrally located property— of the former of which, Mr. Flanders is himself an exten- sive owner— and of these a number of highly desirable and eligible lots, houses and premises of various kinds is always on hand for disposal. The firm's skill and sound judgment are now called into constant requisition for the purchase, sale and exchange of realty of all kinds— business property being a notable feature- the collection of rents, the letting and leas- ing of houses and premises of every description, the entire management of estates, and the negotiation of loans upon bond and mortgage. The business was established thirty-one years ago by Mr. Flanders, who is a native of New Hampshire, now of middle age, and has resided in Chelsea since 1860. F. LOTT & CO., Commission Stock Brokers, No. 540 Washington Street.— Among Boston's leading stock brokers may be mentioned the name of Mr. V. F. Lott, trading, as V. F. Lott & Co., at No. 520 Washington Street. Mr. Lott, whose experi- ence covers a period of twenty years, transacts a general commission business in the purchase and 'sale, for cash or on mar- gin, of all stocks, bonds and miscellaneous securities, likewise oil, grain and provisions. His facilities for obtaining the [ most reliable information as to the tendency of the market, are of the most perfect kind, he thus being fully quali- fied to fill orders for the country capitalists or city operators or investors, either for investment or speculation purposes. Full quotations are continually received for the benefit of patrons, by direct wire communication with the New York market, and all reli- able sources are searched as a guide to profitable investments and sales of stock. Mr. Lott was born in Tiffin, Ohio, and has been a highly respected resident of Boston for the past seven years. & P. ENGRAVING CO., Die Sinking, Designing and Engraving, Nos. 58 and 60 Federal Street.— The leading house in Boston in the die sinking and engraving business is the Gram & Pletsch Engraving Co., Nos. 58 and 60 Federal Street. This busi- ness was established three years ago, and by the character of its work, has won a host of patrons and is continually showing signs of increase. The premises occupied are spacious and commodious, and equipped with all the most modern machin- * ery and appliances known to the business, including an improved router, taper, band saw, circular saw, lathe, press, etc, power being furnished by a new and improved five horse-power motor. Everything in the line of die sinking, steel engraving, and letter cutting is done here, in an absolutely first-class manner, the practical experience of the proprietors, Messrs. Theo. C. Gram and Henry Pletsch, enabling them to bring their art to a high plane of perfection. Bronze lathe, index and name plates, boot and shoe stamps, steel lettei-s, seals and presses, door plates, memorial tablets, soap moulds, pebbling rolls, etc., are made to order at the shortest, notice, and in a thoroughly first-class manner. Sheet brass in any shape or thickness, i« always kept in stock. A staff of competent artisans find constant employment, and all work is closely supervised by the proprietors. Mr. Gram came to this city from Buffalo, and has resided here for the past twelve years. Mr. Pletsch is a native of South Boston. Both are skilled engravers of great practical experience, and are highly esteemed as enterprising, honorable and upright business men. ^UGUST. H. FREESE, Manufacturer of All Kinds of Spring Beds, No. 6 Charlestown Street.— It gives us pleasure to.call the atten- tion of our readers to the products of a house which has established a trade of enduring character, and which is annually increasing to a marked degree. We refer to the concern of Mr. August H. Freese, which is desirably located at No. 6 Charles- town Street. This business was established in 1871, by Messrs. Geo. T. Connor & Co., the present proprietor succeeding to the control in 1891. The business premises comprise two floors 25 x 75 feet in dimensions, equipped with everything necessary for the successful prosecution of the business, and here a corps of experienced workmen are employed, manufacturing all kinds of spring beds, and mattresses, slat, canvas, upholstered and woven wire cots, a specialty being made of the Challenge and Supreme beds. All kinds of wire mattresses are made to order. The concern manufactures principally for the trade, and it has the best of appU- ances and facilities for promptly filling all orders upon the most reasonable and satisfactory tei*ms, while the established reputation of the house is a guaranty that every article furnished will be of the very best quality. Mr. Freese is a native of Germany, but has resided in the United States for about teu years. He is a zealous member of the I. 0.0. F., and Knights of the Golden Rule. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 217 HE SULLIVAN HARBOR LAND COMPANY, No. 95 Milk Street.— The Sullivan Harbor Land Company, o£ No. 95 Milk Street, has made an excellent move in its reorganization, which it has just carried through, and which will furnish it with funds to continue the development of its popular summer resort at the head of Frenchman's Bay, Maine. This com- IDany was incorporated in 18S8, under the laws of the State of Maine, and acquired a large tract of property on French- man's Bay, opposite Bar Harbor. It has a capital stock of $500,000., and has recently reduced the par value of shares to ■2.50. and also issued preference shares for a like amount at $3.50 per share, to be offered to the present stockholders at $1.35 per share. Preference shares are exchangeable at par for land at schedule prices and to be retired, if obtainable at par or less, before ordinary shares. Great improvements are in operation by the company to provide better means of fishing, hunting, boating, etc ; while the early advent of the Maine Shore Railroad through the town of Sullivan will materially enhance the value of the company's property. Sales are now being made at very low figures, and there are now within the company's precincts some twenty cottages, costing from $8,000 to $15,000 each, besides two hotels— the Manor Inn, and Waukeag House. The inducements now offered by this company to parties desirous of building summer residences are unequalled by any other on the Maine coast, and the established reputation of the Manor Inn and Chalet afford every attraction for permanent or transient guests who have all the advantages of beautiful views and fine drives, together with boating, fishing, sailing, etc., and are within half an hour's sail of Bar Harbor. The executive officers of the. company are as follows, viz., Amory D. Wainwright, president; Harry Highley, secretary and treasurer, and Charles P. Simpson, gen- eral manager, at Sullivan, Me., and the utmost confidence in all the statements and representations of these gentlemen is fully justified. jLDEN COGGAN, Dealer in Hides, Calf and Lamb Skins, Rough and Tried Tallow, Nos. 00 and 62 Fulton Street.— Known very widely among butchers, and necessarily to very much the same extent by tanners, is the business of Mr. Alden gan, as a dealer in hides, calf and lamb skins, and rough and tried tallow, a business in which the gentleman named, had held the responsible position of manager for Mr. N. E. Hallis for fifteen years prior to his succeeding his erstwhile employer as proprietor, six years ago. The firm purchases hides, skins, and tallow, from butchers, and after carefully salting and pickling the former, and refining the latter, sells to tanners and others, the high reputation its proprietor has for sound judgment and honorable dealing causing its services to be in constant and strong request by both classes of patrons. The eligible premises occupied are located at Nos. CO and 62 Fulton Street, and there Mr. Alden Coggan is assiduous in his personal and active attention to its affairs, as he is also outside, and he is duly careful in giving prompt and explicit attention to patrons, requirements. He is a native of Maine, and prominently associated with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. W. CHURCHILL, Manufacturer of Zephyr, Floss and Shetland Shawls, Fascinators and Mittens, No. 26 Chauncy Street.— Prominent m the manufacture of shawls in Boston is the reliable firm of Mr. N. W. Churchill, of No. 36 Chauncy Street, who now controls an extensive connection with the best wholesale houses throiighout the New England States, its volume and scope being materially augmented from time to time, as the uniformly excellent quaiiity and reliability of the goods ' handled become more generally recognized. Mr. Churchill has been estabhshed in business tor the past twenty years and was formerly a partner in the firm of Messrs. D. C. Griswold & Co., afterwards with the Highland Knitting Company, and later with the Churchill Knitting Company, as manager, and has been established as at present since January 1, 1891. The chief lines of goods dealt in are zephyr, floss and Shetland shawls, fascinators and mittens: and these are manufactured expressly for Mr. Churchill under contract and are only accepted by him when the quality and make are to his satisfaction and such as are best calculated to reflect credit upon himself and at the same time render the greatest measure of satisfaction to his many patrons. Mr. Churchill is a native of New Hamp- shire, now of middle age and has resided in Boston for the past thirty years. j AR'^'EY G. ROCKWELL, ■\Vool Dress Goods, Flannels Etc., No. 3.3 Bedford Street.— The George H. Gilbert Manufacturing Co., of Ware and Gilbertville, Mass.. is an industrial concern famous for its wool dress goods, flamiels, etc., the high intrinsic merits of its productions having become very widely known through the progressive business methods of Messrs. Oelbermann, Dommerich & Co., of No. 57 Greene Street, and No. 65 Worth Street, New York, who are its selling agents, the exceed- ingly heavy sale for its goods throughout New England being influenced by their talented representative here, Mr. Harvey G. Rockwell, of No. .33 Bedford Street, this city. Messrs. Oelbermann, Dommerich & Co. are distinctly prominent and responsible commission merchants in foreign and domestic dry goods, well known, and implicitly relied upon by jobbers and I'etailers, and the experienced principals were unquestionably influenced in the appointment of Mr. Harvey G. Rockweil to his important post here, by a consideration of his thorough experience in this trade, gained during eight years of identification with it, during a major part of which period he was with Messrs. Brown, Wood & Kingman, of New York; as well as by his high business qualifications generally. Favored by this, and by the unexcelled inducements to business he is able to offer, he has succeeded in greatly developing the connection throughout the territory under his control, since he succeeded Mr. G. Leonard in the management here, about two and one half years ago; the inclusion of the choicest of new goods in his sample stock, as soon as they are introduced, greatly promoting the extension of trade with the house, which now receives quite a large proportion of its patronage through this agency. Mr. Rockwell is a young man of New York birth, who is as highly respected here as in the city of his birth. A. MURTFELDT, Roofing, Office, No. 133 Franklin Street.— In order to have roofs put on in a substantial manner it is abso- lutely necessary to engage the services of those who have had long experience in the business and can be depended upon to do the work in a flrst-class manner. Of those engaged in this business in Boston there is none more capable or reliable than Mr. W. A. Murtfeldt, whose office is located at No. 123 Franklin Street. This gentleman established himself in the roofing business originally in New York City, in 18T6, removing to Boston, in 1885, and has obtained an excellent reputation and is highly endorsed by builders, property owners and architects, owing to the superiority of his felt composition and gravel, slate and metal roofing. He also deals in roofing materials, fire and waterproof building papers, two and three ply ready made roofing, asphalt floors, etc. He is a thoroughly practical rooter, possessing an intimate knowledge of every detail of the business and the requirements of patrons in this direction of trade. He has roofed a large number of factories, business blocks and private residences in this city, giving satisfaction ; and has been highly complimented for the perfect and thorough manner in which the work was performed. Among .such jobs may be mentioned those executed for the Blake Manufacturing Co. ; the Fred. Pope Building, No. 290 Commonwealth Avenue; Messrs. Hecht Bros. & Co. s Wool House, No. 219 J^ederal Street: W. D. Vinal Building, on'Beacon Street; also for the West End Street Railway Co.. at Everett and Dorchester. He makes a specialty of Sackett's Water Proof Sheeting, and gives skillful attention to repairs of all kinds. Orders by telephone No. 2602, by telegraph or mail, receive immediate and careful attention, and terms and prices are invariably fair and equitable. Mr. Murtfeldt is a native of Orange County. N. Y., in the active prime of life, and is highly regarded for his skill, enterprise and integrity, justly meriting the large measure of success achieved by him in this field of labor. 218 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. iJALTER, TUCKER & CO., Bankers and Brokers, No. 50 State Street.— Messrs. Walter, Tucker & Co., of No. 50 State Street bankers and brokers, date their establishment in business trom the year 1888. The banking business is conducted upon the principles of conservatism, adequately tempered with liberality, the connection of the house being highly valuable and expanding. The brokerage department embraces the purchase and sale upon commission of bonds and stocks and invest- ment securities, the members of the house being veritable experts upon all the contingencies, direct or remote, which have bearing upon the trend of markets and affect the prices of securities. The house controls a comprehensive system of corre- spondence with all the principal centers of the Union, and its representative is the firm of Lathrop, Smith & Oliphant, New York. The partners are Mr. Howard Walter and Mr. Wm, A. Tucker, both gentlemen of commendable ability. Mr. Walter has had fourteen years' expe- rience in his business, having been formerly engaged therein in New York City. He is a native of Boston and a member of the Stock Exchange of this city. Mr. Tucker was, prior to entering upon the present successful career, engaged in the manufacture of boots aud shoes He is a young min, a native of Boston and he has had an extended business experience, three yeare of which have been in his present line of business. MERICAN SPICED FOOD COMPANY, James O. Boyle, Proprietor; Nos. 21 and S5 India Wharf,— The American Spiced Food Company was inaugurated twenty-six years ago by tlie present owner, Mr. James O. Boyle, and under his administration has been directed with ever growing success. The merit possessed by his goods has gained for them an enviable reputation, and they are now sold in all parts of the United States. The premises occupied comprise a four-story building, 25 x 75 feet in dimensions, and it is equipped with every facility requisite for the systematic conduct of affairs. The specialties manufac- tured here are " American Spiced Food," " Our Dumb Animals' Friend," and " Kurr's Celebrated Liquid Hoof Ointment." The " American Spiced Food " is for horses, cattle and sheep, swine and poultry, etc., and among its advantages are the following: It insures perfect digestion ; creates a healthy, natural appetite ; makes pure blood ; expels humors ; cures scratches, galls and sore hack ; will put horses n good, firm flesh; infuses new life and vigor; gives a fine, soft skin and smooth coat; exterminates worms and prevents them, from secret- ng in the animal; prevents and cures colic ; is a sure cure for heaves; horses will shed their coats more quickly and easily; cures colds and influenza; prevents overheating in warm weather; enables horses to work with less fatigue; cows will be equally improved in health and appearance, and give more and richer milk; will put a horse in condition when other means fail. " Our Dumb Animals' Friend," is a com- pound for the cure of various cuts, scratches, old and recent sores, sore backs, galls, bruises, lacerations, and all inflammations therefrom. Its properties are soothing, astringent and heaUng; and the application does not require any bandages, as it forms a skinlike coating, exclud- ing atmospheric action and other maUfie influences. " Kurr's Hoof Ointment " is a certain cure for contracted hoofs, quarter cracks, corns, thrush, soreness, scratches, and grows the feet. BTH W. FOWLE & SONS, Proprietors of Dr. Wistar's Balsam of Wild Cherry and Peruvian Syrup, No. 81 High Street.— Special attention is directed to the really meritorious and effective remedies prepared and sold by the well-known house of Seth W. Fowle & Sons, at No, 81 High Street. This firra are widely and deservedly prominent as proprietors of Dr. Wistar's Balsam of Wild Cherry and Peruvian Syrup, which have been before the public for many years, and are in steadily increas- ing demand throughout the country. This properous house was founded upwards of fifty yeai-s ago by the late Seth W. Fowle, and subsequently his two sons, Messrs. Seth A. and Horace S. Fowle, were admitted to partnership. The honored founder of the business died in 1867, after placing the enterprise upon a solid and substantial footing, and his sons have since continued as sole proprietors, without change in the firm name. They occupy large and commodious premises, and possess every facility for conducting all operations upon the largest scale. Dr. Wistar's Balsam of Wild Cherry is an effectual remedy tor coughs and colds. Its valuable proper- ties, and unquestionable efticacy and merits are recognized by all who have used it, and it is in permanent demand by druggists and the trade everywhere. The Peruvian Syrup is the recognized blood purifier of the age, a preparation which can be confidently recommended to all as a preventative and a cure for many of the diseases which flesh is heir to. It is needless to give a long list of so-called references, as that' method is too old for the present age. All quack remedies are accompanied by such a list of parties unknown to the public, most of whom are dead or never existed. The specialties prepared by this firm are of standard reputation, and are conscientiously maintained at the highest point of excellence and efficiency. They also make Grace Salve for burns, sores, etc., which is having a wide sale. The Messra j'owle arc native Bostonians, and of the highest repute and standing, alike in social, professional, and trade circ rJIBlLS COMPANY, of the United States' Fluid Extract of Beef, No. 38 Broad Street.— Medical science has of late years made most rapid progress, and there has been greater ability displayed both in bringing remedies to bear upon the seat of disease and in furnishing the "ounce of prevention " which is worth a "pound of cure." One of the greatest discoveries and triumph's of the present age is the Fluid Extract of Beef, prepared and sold by the Cibils Company of the United States, whose head- quarters are located at No. 38 Broad Street. " Cibils Fluid Beef " is a true strength broth, or meat hquifled, and its legitimate place the sick room. Believing fresh meat to be a food already sufficiently concentrated, this company have sought simply to convert it into that form most easily assimilated. So slightly changed is it from its natural condition that the company place this prepa- ration in the hands of the medical profession with the positive assurance that it is simply meat liquified; that it retains all the nutritive prop- erties of fresh beef, but sufficiently cooked to avoid the dangers incident to the use of raw meat extracts and beef scrapings. The albumen is not coagulated, although the gelatine is dissolved out and removed; the flavor is delicious; the saltiness of peculiar advantage and the keeping properties perfect. Cibils Fluid Beef is prepared only from cattle of the company's own raising, and at the ranch where they were reared. The company own the largest ranch in the world, situated in Brazil and extending along the Paraguay Kiver for 120 miles. There they own .364 square leagues of land, and 240,000 head of cattle. They kill 60,000 head of cattle per year, and their laboratoi-ies are on a high bluff in the center of the river front, in the fresh untainted air of the widespreading meadows. Reared as they are, their cattle are in a healthy, prime condition, having never to undergo the hardships and privations incident to the long drive, and crowded cattle car, to which they would necessarily be subjected, were their laboratories in a city; while it is highly important that so delicate an article should be prepared in a pure atmosphere. "Cibils " was the only extract taken by the Greeley Relief Expedition, and itis now used exclusively in the most discrimi- nating hospitals of both continents, including the United States Naval and United States Marine. It has the support and cordial endorse- ment of such undoubted authorities as Wm. Pepper, M. D., University of Pennsylvania; D. Hayes Agnew, M. D,, Philadelphia; Wm. S, Forbes, M, D,, JefEerson College; Dr, Ford, president of board of health, Philadelphia; Albert Day, M, D,, Washingtonian Home, Boston; W, H. Long, M. D., surgeon United States Marine Hospital service; J. A. Allen, M. D,, Rush Medical College; Jos. E. Winters, M. D., C, C. Lee, M. D., and G. B. Fowler, M. D., of New York; and many others no less eminent in the medical world. Its extremely low price brings it within the reach of all, and it is for sale by all druggists. The Cibils Company of the United States was organized in 1884, under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with E. D. Lowe as president and general manager; J. T. Armable, treasurer. Its trade is b.rgc a,nd inSu::itial throughout the United States and Canada, its management is wise and judicious, and the worth of its extract insures the ever eclai'ging patronage of a discriminating public. BOSTON, ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 319 |MOS F. CHASE, Manufacturer of Fine Dress Shirts, Gtents' Underwear aud Night Shirts a Specialty Pfo. 3 Franklin Street.— Conducting an essentially high-class business as a manufacturer of fine dress shirts, and making a leading specialty of gen- tlemen's underwear and night shirts, the reliable house of Mi-. Amos F. Chase controls an extensive trade with retail houses for work to oi'der. and with various classes of consumers for custom work; fine goods of the best superfine fabrics and high- est finish only being manufactured. The business was established twelve years ago, in the Ditson Building, by Messrs. Bellows and Chase, and in September, 1890, Mr. Bellows retired, leaving Mr. Amos F. Chase in sole control of affairs; the ' occupied having been assumed in January, 1891. These latter consist of the third floor, used as the manufacturing depart- ment, being well equipped with twelve sewing machines, and other accessories pertaining to tlie trade, and twenty skilled assistants are regularly employed. The able and experienced principal, Mr. Chase, is a native and resident of Lynn, Mass. premises UGAR RIVER FARM CAFE, No. 7 Hayward Place, near Washington Street.— The Sugar River Farm Caf^, owned and con- trolled by Mr. E. S. Fletcher, of No. 7 Hayward Place, is one of the best and most atti'active establishments of its class in the city. The eaf6 is for business men and women to take breakfast, dinner, luncheon, or supper, the specialty of the proprietors being breakfasts and suppers. The cafe has an enviable reputation for steaks, chops, ham, hot raised biscuit, corn, and gra- ham gems, etc. Chase & Sanborn's standard Java coffee, the strongest, richest and most fragrant in the world, is used, and butter and eggs, fresh from the Sugar River Farm, owned by the proprietor, are always obtainable. The premises comprise one floor and a basement, and the seating capacity is seventy-five, the average patronage per diem being two hundred and twenty-five. Every modern convenience designed to enhance the comfort of the guest is employed, and, among others, mention should be made of the perfect electric fans used for cooling the premises. The chief specialty is the thirty cent dinner, served every day from 11 a. m. to 3 p. m. and the public may judge of the character of the repast from the foUowiug copy of a recent bill of fare: Soups.— Chicken with Rice, Con- somme Imperial.— Fish.— Fried Smelts.— Boiled.— Fowl, Oyster Sauce; Kentucky Mutton, Caper Sauce.— Roasts.— Turkey, Cranberry Sauce; Sii'loin and Rib Beef, Dish Gravy: Spring Lamb, Mint Sauce; Stuffed Shoulder of Veal; Pork with Apple Sauce, Country Style. Entrees.— Chicken Fricassee, Macaroni with Cheese. Vegetables. —Mashed Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes, Spinach in Cream, Hubbard Squash. Pastry. —Three kinds of Pie, Three kinds of Pudding. Ice Cream and Fruit. Mr. Fletcher buys and provides from the farm the very best in the market, and he employs the most skilled cooks, and ensures prompt service. The Sugar River Farm is at Newport, N. H., on the Sugar River, and covers an area of 125 acres; Mr. Fletcher raising on the estate poultry and daii-y produce, Ayrshire cattle, Berlcshire pigs, Hamp- shire sheep, etc. The original proprietor was Mr. A. W. Fisher, who was succeeded by the present owner at the beginning of 1891. ;]LBERT E. SANFORD, Real Estate and Insurance, No. 53 State Street.— Prominent ia the real estate world in this city is Mr. Albert E. Sanford, who has during the last few years been entrusted with the negotiation of some of the most important transactions on record. The business was instituted eight years ago by Mr. Albert E. Sanford, who in 1869 admitted Mr. Albert F. Sadler into partnership, Mr. Sanford assuming sole control during 1891. The chief lines pui'sued are the pur- chase, sale and exchange of realty of every description, the collection of rents, care of estates, etc., the letting and leasing of house property, business premises, etc., the entire management of estates, aud the negotiation of loans upon bond or mortgage; while the duties incidental to the position of justice of the peace are also undertaken. Mi*. Albert E. Sanford having held this posi- tion for the past eight years. Moreover, the insurance against fire of real and personal property of all kinds also comes within the scope of the business, and in common with the other branches is transacted in a highly satisfactoi-y manner. A leading specialty is made of Dorches- ter, Wellesley and Hyde Park real estate, and Boston business property, of both of which a register is kept of some very eligible and highly desirable lots, premises, etc. The able and experienced proprietor is a native of this city, and a resident of Hyde Park. DLLAMORE & CO., Diamond Polish Soap, Oil Polish Blacking, Etc., No. 4 Charlestowu Street.— For forty-six years and more or, to be exact, since 1845, CoUamore & Co., agents for W. Collamore's Diamond Polish Soap, Oil Polish Blacking, and wood saws; also "Dead Sure Thing," have been engaged in the preparatioq and sale of the articles above indicated. These prepa- rations are of a distinctly superior character, being compounds of exceptional merit for the purposes intended; and of their excellence certainly no more unfailing cfiterion could be adduced than the extensive sale they command all over New England and in other sections of the country. W. CoUamore's Diamond Polish Soap has long been noted, and has secured an enduring hold on popular favor all over the country, being by general assent the most effective and excellent article for cleaning and polish- ing tin, brass, copper, Brittania, earthern and iron ware ever placed on the market, while for cleaning and restoring paint it is without a rival. This soap is the result of the experiments of an old experienced soap manufacturer. It is a chemical combination of the best soap material, with the celebrated Diamond Polishing Powder, pronounced by the State Assayer, Dr. Hayes, to contain a larger percentage of the necessary properties of a polishing powder than any other ever analyzed by him. After having it thoroughly tested in private familiea, hotels, stores, machine shops and other places, from whom numerous testimonials can be given of its great value, it is now offered in ail confidence to the public as being the best soap preparation in the world for all household purposes. W. CoUamore's Improved Oil Polish Blacking in also a highly meritorious prepai-ation, and is in widespread demand as a leather preservative; and W, CoUamore's " Dead Sure Thing " is an indispensable insect powder for the destruction of all insects obnoxious to man and domestic animals, injurious to agriculture and horticulture, or destructive to woolen goods, furs, feathers, grain, herbariums, and collections of natural history, such as water-bugs, cock roaches, bedbugs, fleas, moths and their larvae, maggots, red and black ants, weevil, crickets, flies, lice on plants, fowls and the human bod> —and in fact all the insects that are such an annoyance to mankind. The " Dead Sure Thing " is entirely innocuous to man, r.vxl can be taken into the mouth and swallowed without danger. The premises occupied as office, salesroom, etc., at No. 4 Charlestowu Street are spa- cious, commodious and well ordered, and half a dozen in help are here employed. Mr. CoUamore, the proprietor, was born at Anson, Mass., and is a man favorably known in commercial circles, and as a member of Pilgrim Fathers, the F. and A. M., the K. of P., and the I. O. O. F. lEORGE Z. COLLINS & CO.. Manufacturers of the '' G." Leather Board, and Dealers inLeather Board and Straw Board, Etc. No. 173 Summer Street.— Messrs. George Z. Collins & Company, as manufacturers of leather board and canvas inner soling, operate a factory at Lynn, Mass.. where they turn out 10,000 sheets of canvas inner soling per month, and mills at Ashland, N. H., where they produce 500 tons of leather board per year. The business so successfully conducted by them was origi- nally established over twenty years ago. The proprietors are thoroughiy practical and experienced as manufacturers, giving their business the benefit of their large experience and close personal attention. Their prod'-icts ;olo all parts of the United States and are in especially heavy and influential demand by the trade in Boston, Lynn, Haverhill, Brockton, Salem, Beverly, Marblehead, Natick, Marlboro, Hudson, Spencer, Rockland, Weymouth, Stoneham, Stoughton, Milford and other shoe towns in Massachusetts and throughout New England and New York. Always at the head, and offering superior inducements in quality, Vj is no wonder that '-he produc- tions of this house have a standard value in every market. The members of the firm, Messrs. George Z. Collins r.nd JI, N. Goodridge, are -experts in this line, prominent residents of Lynn and gentlemen of high standing in commercial circles. 320 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. W. SELDON, Builder, No. 134 Eliot Street.— As the wealth and culture of a community increases, and the standard of taste is- elevated, there arises a demand for the introduction of systems in the construction of dwehings and public buildings which shall represent the latest advance in architecture. A prominent builder and contractor in Boston is Mr. E W. Seldon. whose establishment is located at No. 13-1 Eliot Street. The business was established in 1887, and lias since been conducted * with great success. Mr. Seldon has a comprehensive and far-reaching knowledge of every detail of his profession, and this, together with the reliable and responsible character of his work, has secured for him a large and influential patronage aud given him a most valuable and important position. Mr. Seldon is prepared to build all classes of houses and makes a specialty of fitting up banks, offices, stores, etc. He furnishes plans and estimates and enters into contracts for work of all kinds in his line. A point is made of filling all contracts promptly and in accordance with his terms. BIr. Seldon is a native of Nova Scotia, but has been a resident of this city twenty years. He is an honorable, reliable business man, and is highly esteemed by all who know him. He is a prominent member of the F. and A. M. and the I. O. O. F. D. DUNCAN & NICKERSON, Submarine Divers, Wrecking and Contracting, Office, No. 195 Atlantic Avenue.— Messrs. Duncan and Nickerson have been alfied in business for a period of ten years, the date of tlie foundation of the business, however, occurring in the year 1879; the title of the house at the date of the inception of its fortunes being, " Messrs. W. D. Duncan & Co." The firm undertake, among other things, wall and bridge work, wrecking and contracting, and they solicit general diving and pride themselves upon the promptitude with which they execute all work entrusted to them. The region covered by the operations of Messrs. Duncan & Nickerson extends along the New England coast, and their connection is highly valuable and expansive. Among the many important enterprises engaged in by the firm during recent years was. the recovery of the steamer " Professor Morse," at Block Isle; steamer " City of Columbus," off Gay Head; the " Gate City," in Vineyard Sound; the "Pavonia," near Plymouth; the "Penobscot," at Rockland, Me.; the "Startled Fawn," at Lawrence, Mass.; the " H. T. Dim- mock," off " Dog Fish Bar," near BassRiver, and the firm is engaged at present on the Marine Railway at Elizabeth port, N. J. Mr. Duncan resides at present at Charlestown, Mass. He has had over thirteen years' experience in his calling and he is the inventor of the " Safety " jacket or hood for vessels and of a patent " shackle " for anchor or ship chains. He was for a continued and lengthy period, prior to enter- ing upon his present business, master of a vessel. To him belongs the honorable distinction of recovering certain ancient relics at the bottom of Lake Champlain, among'which were portions of the steamer'' Royal Savage," the flag ship of Arnold, sunk Oct. 11, 1776, and found just one hundred years afterwards, to the very day. HAMBLIN, Sailmaker, No. 396 State Street.— The scene of BIr. H. Hamblin's original endeavor upon the commercial high- way is laid at St. George, in the State of Maine, where he commenced his career fourteen years ago, his sojourn in this city dating from the year 1884. Mr. Hamblin is, among other things, a sailmaker, his business embracing transactions in the purchase and sale of old canvas and the manufacture of wagon covers and flags. Mr. Hamblin is an active member of • * the Bay View Yacht Clu^. His business premises are eligibly located at No. 396 State Street, at the corner of Atlantic Avenue, and cover an area of 3710 square feet; Mr. Hamblin having Been in occupation of the premises for six years past. Mr. Hamblin's connection is of extensive and highly valuable character, embracing the entire shipping trade of the New England coast. The gentleman makes all the sails for Morse & Co., of Boston, who have thix'teen schooners sailing from Boston, and, among the noted ves- sels for which he has done work, mention is due of the " Carrie Phillips," the " Nellie Dixon," the " Susan R. Stone," the " James Warren," the "Allen Jones," the "Ethel Maud," the " Emily P. Wright," the " Emma Brown," the "Isaac Collins," and the yachts "Kitty," "Pil- grim," " Anilda," " Minnie B. Cosicca," " Georgia " and " Lucille." He is also authority on yacht building, which fact is generally conceded by the yachtsmen of New England and the West. Mr. Hamblin is a gentleman of many and varied accomplishments and he combines with his business proper, the manufacture of the celebrated remedy, " Hamblin''s Ocean Cardial Cure for Consumption." He is a native of the State of Maine. ] OHNSON & GLOVER, Manufacturers of Papier Mach^ Foi-ms, Etc., No. 51 Commercial Street.— One of the most unique industries in Boston is that carried on by the firm of Johnson & Glover, who are mauufacturers of papier mach6 forms, and have their factory at No. .51 Commercial Street. This enterprise was originally founded in 1854 by the Papier Mache Com- pany; and about 1865, W. W. W^ebster succeeded to the control, continuing the business up to 1891, when he was in turn suc- ceeded by the present proprietors, Messrs. T. R. Johnson and C. F. Glover, both of whom are thoroughly familiar with the trade in which they are engaged. The premises occupied comprise three lofts, each 25 x 75 feet in dimensions, and equipped with all appliances requisite for the production of a superior output. Employment is found for twenty expert hands, whose labors are person- ally supervised by Messrs. Johnson and Glover. They manufacture papier mache formsof every description, for the display of ladies', girls' men's and boys' clothing, etc., a leading specialty being made of corset busts, and dress forms. All the work is done by a special process that insures toughness and durability, and is light but very strong. The products include ladies"" suit forms, ladies' wrapper forms, ladies wire skirt forms, ladies' coat forms, girls' and misses' dress forms, high-back corset forms, high-necked forms, fichu forms, Jersey forms, ladies' cape forms, ladies' hosiery leg, child's waist form, child's kilt form, boys' forms, men's coat forms, men's vest forms, men's half-coat forms, turtle shoulders, upright turtle shoulders, men's pant forms, pants holder, drapery forms, bazar forms, etc. Neatly illustrated cata- logues and price lists of these goods are furnished free on application, and all orders sent Messrs. Johnson & Glover from any part of the country are promptly and satisfactorily filled. I OHN D. WAYNE & CO., Manufacturers' Agents, No. 117 Central Street.— A firm of manufacturers' agents which has very quickly gained for itself recognition on the part of jobbers as one of the most important and responsible of its kind in Boston, is that of Messrs. John D. Wayne & Co., which, though only founded during the year 1891, already commands a trade of large volume. The titular head of the firm, Mr. J. D. Wayne, has long been influentially associated with the business, be having been for twelve years prominently connected with it, and for ten years was with the " Sawyer Crystal Blue Co.; " while his partner, Mr. W. F. Double, was formerly with Higgins, Snow & Co., in the wholesale paper trade. Tlie firm handles far too great a variety of goods to find mention in the space at command, but it may be stated that its specialties include the Terrios French blueing, jellies, sauces, etc., Julian Alvarez's lemon juice, Mortimer's lime juice, Davenport's English table sauce, the Triumph tomato catsup, and salad dressing of Meyer, Bain, St. Louis, Mo.; Lowell's powdered Vanilla, of Buffalo: fine chocolate goods and bon-bons, and the prod- ucts of a large number of the most famed industrial concerns, both at home and abroad. Originally premises were occupied at No. 17 Batteryriiarch Street; but on July 10, 1891, the firm entered upon the occupation of commodious quarters at No. 117 Central Street, where a floor 25 x 7'5 feet in expanse is heavily stocked with full lines of goods, and from which a brisk and heavy trade is done with patrons in all parts 'of New England and the provinces, the sustained support of every customer with whom an account is opened being secured by the conscientious care bestowed in the accurate filling of oi'ders. and the supply of goods of the best grades at the lowest figures. Both the partners are of Boston birth and are regarded as ranking with its most highly and justly esteemed citizens;. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 221 IDWIN S. SMALL, Eeal Estate and Insurance, John Hancock Building, No. 178 Devonshire Street.— Mr. Small is a native of Maine, and was a graduate of Coiby University, of Maine. Before commencing his present business, he was engaged in the profession of teaching, and also studied to be a clergyman. Ill health compelled him to abandon these pur- suits, and two years ago he founded his present business. Mr. Small undertakes all kinds of real estate business and makes a specialty of residential and business property in the city. He deals largely in estate located in the suburbs and used for sum- mer resorts, and his books contain some of the best selections and advantageous investments that can be met with in the city. Mr. Small also manages property during the absence of owners, collects rents and negotiates loans, mortgages, and other important finan- ■cial operations. The leasing of city property is a department to which Mr. Small devotes special attention. His knowledge of commercial and residential values is accurate and extensive, and his opinion on the important question of real estate investment, may always be acted upon with confidence and certainty. j EO. F. MULLETT, Weigher, Office at Constitution Wharf.— The immense amount of business transacted annually through the Bostbn Custom House has given lite to many contingent enterprises relative to the weighing and the appraising of goods coming into the country subject to the tariff laws. Pre-eminent among these is the business carried on by Mr. Geo. F. Mul- lett, whose office is located at Constitution Wharf. Mr. Mullett is a weigher, and in pursuit of his vocation, thoroughly looks after and protects the interests of his patrons, who, by engaging his services are released from the annoyances and "red- tape " technicalities generally incidental to merchants who have goods in transit through the custom house. He weighs goods for all manner of trades, possessing scales ranging from an ounce up to five thousand pounds, and does a most profitable ijiiddle-man's business for parties throughout New England and in New York who have branch houses m Boston. In every instance Mr. Mullett gives accurate and honest returns, and his known reputation for reliability and trustworthiness is such that implicit confidence is reposed in him by the importer and buyer claiming liis services. Mr. Mullett employs fully twenty-five assistants. He is a native of this state and was formerly book-keeper for the Damon Wharf Company, at Charlestown. OVEET brothers; Ship Stores and Chandlery, Dealers in All Kinds of Supplies for Vessels, No. 17 Central Wharf.— The prosperity of a seaport is influenced in no small measure by the facilities which exist for the procuring of provisions and general supplies upon favorable conditions and terms, and the ranks of those who render signal service to Boston by cater- ing to its shipping interests received an important accession about two years ago by the inauguration of the busi- ness of Messrs. Covert Brothers, at No. 17 Central Wharf. The firm specifically referred to has justly taken its place in the front ranks in the estimation of well-informed ship-owners and sea-captains, well known as critical judges and close buyers; and that not alone by reason of the strictly competitive basis upon which its lousiness is done, but also by reason of the exceedingly wide range of goods handled; the very heavy lines of judiciously purchased and carefully selected ship stores and chandlery with which the spa- cious establishment is constantly replenished, being supplimented with about every description of supplies for vessels. The brothers — Mr. H. H, and Mr. W. O. Covert— in whom is vested the sole proprietary control, are essentially qualified to manage a business of this character; the first-named, after an honoi-able career as a sea captain, having for a considerable time pursued the avocation of a grocer at Nantucket ; and the last-named having been a sea-captain for no less than twenty years. The store is 25 x 75 feet in size and the very choice selection ot merchandise there contained affords striking evidence of having been procured by traders thoroughly in touch with the requirements of their numerous patrons. Natives of Nova Scotia, BIr. H. H. and Mr. W. O. Covert reside respectively at Maiden and Boston, and are deservedly esteemed alike in mercantile and social circles. JOTEL GRAND VIEW, P. A. Sheehan & Co., Proprietors, Atlantic Avenue, Corner of India Street,— This popular hotel was first opened in 1868, being then known as the City Hotel, but in 188" it was entirely remodeled and given its present name, which was suggested by the splendid view which can here be had of Boston Harbor. The building occupied is a fine, commodious structure, having five floors and a basement. The place is provided with all modern innovations, including Are escapes, steam heat, caf« and restaurant, gas, electric bells, reading-room, parlors, etc., while the drainage and ventilation are per- fect. There are thirty-five sleeping apartments, all airy, and kept in faultlessly clean condition. The house is furnished 1 tasteful, neat style, every comfort having been provided for the benefit of guests. The terms are reasonable, and a more desir- able stopping place could not be desired. Mr. P. A. Sheehan, the genial proprietor of the establishnjent, was formerly proprietor of the Ellen House, Gloucester. He is an active member of the Boston Liquor Dealers' Protective Association, and has a host of friends. throughout i iJOVELL & ROUK, Men's Furnishers, No. 162 Court Street.— The popular establishment of Messrs. Covell & Rouk at No. 162 Court Street, was established in 1884 by Mr. Chas. A. Covell, who conducted the business with great success until 1891, when Mr. Frank J. Rouk was admitted to partnership and the present firm name adopted. The premises occupied comprise a spacious store and basement fitted up in an appropriate manner with every convenience for the storage and display of the large stock of goods carried, which embraces the latest correct styles of fine white and fancy colored dress shirts, neglige flannel shirts, collars and cuffs; underwear ot all weights, sizes and styles, gloves, hosiery, latest novelties in neckwear, etc. The stock also includes a fine line of umbrellas, canes, and, in fact, everything usually found in a store of this kind will be seen here. The lowest prices at all times prevail and orders are promptly and satisfactorily filled. Four experienced assistants are employed and custom- ers are always courteously served. The firm handle only the best grade of goods and this handsome establishment is one of the most attractive features in this section ot the city. The members ot the firm, Messrs. C. A. Covell and F. J. Rouk, are natives of Boston and are enterprising, highly esteemed young business men, who are worthy of the success they have attained. IJIOTHY CEOWELL, Commissiou Merchant for the Sale of All Kinds of Lumber, No. 144 State Street.— Mr, Timothy Crowell, commission merchant tor the sale of all kinds of lumber, has for the past thirty-three years or more been prominent in this trade. He handles pine, spruce, hemlock and other varieties ot lumber of every description, also shingles, lath and kindred building supplies, i*eceiving consignments from Maine, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and is agent, likewise, for the Red Beach Plaster Company. His business, which is large and active, is of a wholesale character entirely selling in cargo and car-lots exclusively, and all orders are executed in the most prompt and trustworthy manner, while bottom prices are quoted, exceptional inducements being offered to dealers and large consumers. Mr. Crowell, who is a gentleman of full middle age, active and energetic, is a native ot Cape Cod, He is a man of the highest personal integrity as well as energy and sagacity, and main- tains an A No. 1 standing in the trade. Coming to Boston in 1847, he entered the office of Flint & Kent, lumber dealers, who dissolved part- nership in 1858, when he became junior member of the firm of William H, Kent St. Co., succeeding the latter, in 1878, and has since conducted 'the business alone with uninterrupted success. 222 BOSTON ; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. E. WOODWARD & CO., Wholesale Dealers in All Kinds of Salt and Pickled Fish, Fort Hill Wharf, Nos. 446 to 464 Atlantic Avenue.— Among the commercial industries of Boston there is probably no single one that supplies a wider field of trade than that devoted to the handling of flsh. No city in the country is so well represented in this line as Boston, and annually the trade shows marked increase and development. A prominent establishment occupying a representative position in the industry, is that of H. E. Woodward & Co., of Nos. 446 to 454 Atlantic Avenue; and who also have storage warehouses on Fort Hill Wharf. This house was originally founded in 1851, by Clark, Jones & Co., the firm becoming Clark & Woodward, in 1SG7, and, in 1873 iMr. Harrison E, Woodward became sole proprietor, adopting the firm name of H. E. Woodward & Co. The firm are wholesale dealers and packers of all kinds of salt and pickled flsh, codfish, mackerel, herring, salmon, etc., and possess the best of facilities for securing the choicest goods, and supplying the same at lowest market prices. The trade of the house reaches to all parts of the 'United States, and large shipments are also made to the West Indies; and the goods are everywhere known for their superior excellence of quality. Mr. Woodward is a gentleman of mature experience in the flsh trade, understanding thoroughly all its requirements. He devotes his active personal attention to the supervision of his business, and the well recognized position his house maintains in the trade is thoroughly deserved. D. CEESSY & CO., Teamsters and Forwarders, Offlce No. 107 S. Market Street.— The industry represented by the teamster and forwarder is not so>impIe as it would appear at first glance. On the contrary, to succeed in this field of usefulness energy, experienfie, enterprise, and first-class business qualifications are requisite. In this connection special mention should be accorded the firm of M. D. Cressy & Co., teamsters and forwarders of tliis city, whose offlce is centrally located * at No. 107 S. Market Street. This firm is a thoroughly representative one, being one of the oldest, largest, most efficient and popular in the city. The bu_siness was organized in 1874 by the present proprietors, Messrs. M. D. Cressy and A. W. Preston, and under their able management a most substantial success was soon achieved. The trade has steadily increased, and the extent of the patronage at present demands the employment of fifty horses, trucks and wagons, and a force of fifty-two experienced drivers and assistants. The stables, which are owned by the firm, are large and well kept, the best care being given the stock. Teaming in all its branches is attended to, orders being filled without delay, while the scale ot prices is of the most reasonable character. All goods are carefully handled, and customers' interests promoted in every respect. Mr. Cressy is a native ot New Hampshire, but has long resided in this city. Mr. Pres- ton is a native of Beverly Farms, Mass. , and manager ot the Boston Fruit Company, who are both growers and importers of large quantities ot tropical fruits. Both gentlemen are popularly known, and bear an excellent reputation as progressive, liberal, and wide-awake business men. HANDLER & FARQUHAR, Machinists' Supplies, Tools and General Hardware, Stubs' Swiss and American Files, Etc., Nos. 177 and 179 Washington Street, and Nos. a3 and 23 Purchase Street.— This firm estabUshed their business here in 1882 and early achieved an enviable reputation for the superiority ot all goods handled. The copartners, Messrs. Frank Chandler and Charles S. Farquhar, bring to bear special qualifications for the business, including vast practical experience, perfected facilities and intimate relations with leading manufacturers throughout the country. The salesrooms and warehouses are large and commodious, giving ample accommodations tor supplying the most extensive demand. They carry an immense stock and one which reflects the highest credit upon the firm. Here are Stubs' Swiss and American files; bolts, set, cap and machine screws; drills, taps and dies; chucks, reamers and lathes; wires and sheet metals, and everything coming under the head of general hardware and machinists' supplies. The firm are New England agents for the W. F. & John Barnes toot-power machinery, made in Rockford, III.; also for Lodge, Davis & (jo., machine tools, ot Cincinnati, O., and have a very large and influential trade at both wholesale and retail, in this city and throughout all the New England States. A corps of talented salesmen represent the interests of the house upon the road. Mr. Chandler is a native of Augusta, \la., a resident of Boston since 1863, and tor some fifteen years with the house ot A. J. Wilkinson as sales- man. Mr. Farquhar was born in HoUiston, Mass., and served his apprenticeship in this branch of trade with Messrs. Burditt & Williams. Both are young men of experience, ability and integrity. INDICOTT & MACOMBEE, Insurance, No. 71 Kilby Street.— One ot the most important departments ot insurance is that devoted to mariners' interests. The largest, and leading business, transacted in marine insurance in Boston at the present day is done by Messrs. Endicott & Macomber, the well-known agents and brokers in flre and marine insurance, at No. 71 Kilby Street. This firm established their business here in 1874, and it is no flattery to say that they occupy a flrst-class posi- tion among our home institutions, and enjoy the entire confidence ot the business community by reason ot their prompt and equitable methods of adjustment and the liberal and reliable policy that hasever characterized their transactions. They now represent the British and Foreign Marine Insurance Company, and the Union Marine Insurance Company, both ot Liverpool, Eng. This firm have developed an extensive and influential connection with all classes of ship, vessel and property owners in this city, and along the Massa- chusetts coast, while they command all the advantages naturally accumulated by long years of identiflcation with a special line ot business, and possess unequaled facihties for conducting all kinds ot marine underwriting on vessels and cargoes. The copartners, Messrs, Geo. M. Endicott and Frank Q, Macomber, are natives of Massachusetts, and personally are eminently popular with the shipping and mercantile community. No. 31 Hartford Street.— The fame of the Boston Gear Works is national in extent, and deservedly so, as the management has secured the enviable reputation of manufacturing the strongest, truest and most elaborate brass and other gearing in the market. The works were established in 1875, by Mr. Geo. B. Grant, and on May 20, 1891, he was succeeded by Mr. Frank Burgess, who had been connected with the works as superintendent tor a period of ten years. The works are thoroughly spacious in size, supplied with new and improved machinery, ample power, and electric lights; and superior facilities are at hand for furnishing and cutting gear wheels of every description, and for the manufacturing oi; brass gearing. The business includes brass and noiseless flberoid list gearing, small or large iron or brass gear- ing with cut or cast teeth to order, gear jobbing ot all descriptions, and light or heavy gear work in gen- eral. Iron gear cutting on large lots or on heavy gears will be executed with little delay. Mr. Burgess has made the cutting of gears a special study tor many years, and he can furnish at short notice, gears, either spiral, spur, bevel, or mitre, of any pitch and any number of teeth. A new departure, in making gears ot flberoid, is proving to be a success. This material weighs only one seventh as much as iron, and when cut properly, will outwear any metal gear. It has the quality of not shrinking, and is not affected by oil or the weather. Running with metal gears, it polishes the teeth and thus reduces the friction. The success of this material lies in the tact not only ot its durability, but that it reduces the noise of fast running metal gears to a minimum. An illustrated catalogue is now ready for distribution, which con- tains a complete list ot gearing with many illustrations. It also contains several useful tables, and same will be sent tree on application. With the use of the best materials, and the execution of superior workmanship and the highest finish, his gears are rarely duplicated io quality and utility, by any rival concern. Mr. Burgess is a native of Massachusetts, an expert and practical machinist, and an able and pro- gressive business man. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 223 |ONES & COMPANY, New York City Roller Flour Mills, George R. Nazro, Agent; Office, No. 18:2 State Street.— An examination of the statistics of the daily capacity of some of the Hour mills of this country results in an experience almost akin to a challenge to the conception. Witness the daily output of the house of Jones & Company, proprietors of the New York City Roller Flour Mills, which exceeds an average of 3,000 barrels, and marvel upon the magnitude of American industry. The house of Jones & Company is represented in Boston by Mr. George R. Nazro, whose business premises are at No. 183 State Street. The gentleman has been established as an agent and broker for a period of thirty years, and he transacts a general business as a millers' agent; representing, in addition to Jones & Company, the C. A. Gambrell Manufacturing Company, of thePatapsco Mills. Mr. Nazro's connection is located throughout the entire New England section, the goods being disposed of in lots to .jobbers and retail gro- cers. Mr. Nazro occupies an excellently located, and suitably arranged office, which is situated upon the second floor of the building, and requiring in its management the assistance of three able employees. He is a gentleman of middle age, and merits, undeniably, the esteem and confidence of the entire community. ■jORCROSS, MELLEN & CO., Crockery, China and Glassware, Nos. 14 to 30 Merchants Row.— The house of Norcross, Mellen & Co., located at Nos. 14, 16, 18 and 20 Merchants Row, was founded in 1815, seventy-seven years ago, by Mr. M. Mellen, in Union Street, under the style of M. Mellen & Co. They removed to No. 18 Merchants Row, in 1826, at about the time of the erection of Quincy Market, where they have continued the ousiness until the present date, adding adjoining estates from time to time as their increasing business has required. The original style of the firm continued for about forty years as M. Mellen & Co., when it was changed to Norcross, Mellen & Co., the present style. The late W. R. Norcross, who died in 1888, was the senior partner from the death of M. Mellen, senior, in 1849, forty-three years ago. The present firm is comprised of Henry A. Mellen, Theo. E. Chamberlin, and George. B. BuUard. Mr. Mellen came into the firm in 1848, Mr. Chamher- lin in 1857, and Mr. Bullard in 1889. While doing a general wholesale and retail business in earthern, china and glass ware, they specially devote their attention to the New England jobbing trade, for which their location and facilities are well adapted. They have also an extended hotel, steamboat and restaiu-ant trade, for which they carry ample lines. Their retail rooms are well stocked with a care- fully selected assortment of china and fancy goods, as dinner sets, special sets for oysters, soups, fruit, and game, with other choice wares for table use; also artistic pottery and glassware for Christmas and wedding gifts. The record of the liouse for fair and honorable dealing during so many years is well known in this city, and is one of which the firm may be justly proud. C. F. SORELL, Wliolesale Commission, Lmuber and Lime, No. 11 Doane Street.— Prominent among the young, vigorous and prosperous houses engaged in the lumber business in Boston may be mentioned that of Mr. A. C. F. Soroll, wholesale commission merchant, located at No. 11 Doane Street. This business was founded in 1888, and has added much to the facil- ities of this city in the procurement of special grades of lumber. Car and cargo lots of white pine from Canada, hemlock • from Pennsylvania; also spruce and cedar shingles, from New Brunswick and Maine. Mr. Sorell also deals largely in Maine and N. B. Lime and in 1890 imported about 66,000 barrels. This house, during the short period of its existence, has risen to a prominence of no ordinary character, receiving consignments of an extensive nature direct from the best producing sources, selling them readily to customers and dealers, and making prompt returns. Mr. Sorell enjoys a genei'ous patronage from the hands of all who have come in contact with the house in a business way; has the perfect confidence of the public, and is gaining friends in all his movements. In this way the business is in a healthy condition, and is becoming a strong competitor with the old-established houses of the city in this coccial line of trade. Mr. A. C. F. Sorell, the enterprising proprietor of this house, is a native of England, and was for twelve years a resident of New Brunswick. He now resides in Everett, Mass., and is highly respected and esteemed in business circles. OBINSON & WOOD WORTH, Tea Importers, No. 28 Broad Street.— From a commercial point of view, tea constitutes, as it is needless to remark, a factor of surpassing importance in all our great cities. The trade in this product, here in Boston, in the course of a year, reaches enormous proportions, and represents millions of dollars, while the volume of business grows apace. Among the firms contributing most extensively to the sum of activity in the line indicated, can be named that of Robinson & Woodworth, whose office and salesroom are at No. 28 Broad Street, and who have a branch, also, in New York, They are direct importers from -China and .Japan, and sell to jobbers; their trade, which is exceedingly large, extending throughout New England and the Northern States. ELEPHANT CHOP lished in 1862 by A. S. Woodworth, who -conducted name was adopted, and as such the business has although Mr. Robinson was removed by death in was admitted into partnership. The quarters occu- pointed and an efficient staff of salesmen are em- 'iTRADE in the New York warehouses, and shipments are all teas were marked on the faces of the chests, which they were carried, but in that year Mr. A. S. This well-known and responsible house was estab- the same alone, up to 1874, when the present firm since been continued with uninterrupted success, 1888, when H. G. Woodworth, son of the founder, pied as office, etc., are commodious and well ap- MARK ployed. A large stock of teas is constantly carried made direct from that city. Prior to the year 1875 either with letters, or the name of the vessel in Woodworth, who was then living in China, after FORMOSA TEA. much study and experiment, was able to produce a Formosa tea of a distinct character and flavor, specially adapted to the wants of New England trade. This tea he named "Elephant Chop Formosa," and ever since then these teas have been imported to the extent of a great many thousand chests yearly, and they are unquestionably the best, as they are the most popular of each season's crop. The Elephant Chop represents only teas of superior to choicest grade. They are always specially fired, and although they have been extensively copied so that half the Formosa teas are now called some chop or other, they have always maintained their high standard, and are to-day the foremost, as they were the pioneer chop of all Formosa teas. The Messrs. Woodworth, who are Eostonians by birth and residence, are gentlemen of entire reliability in their dealings, as well as men of energy and thorough business experience; deservedly esteemed in commercial circles and highly regarded in the tea trade. lAVID H. JACOBS & SON, Masons and Builders, No. 166 Devonshire Street.— This business was founded in 1855, or there, abouts, by Mr. David H. Jacobs, and in 1861 the Boston City Hall, a splendid structure, was built by him. In 1873 Mr. Jacobs admitted to partnership his son, Mr. Arthur Jacobs, when the firm name of David H. Jacobs & Son was assumed. In May, 1888, a break in the partnership occurred through the death of the senior member of the firm, after a long, honorable, and useful business career. Mr. Arthur Jacobs has since continued alone, but has retained the old and well-known firm name of David H. Jacobs & Son. Among the notable contracts that have been done by the firm was the erection of the City Hall, the Phoenix Building, hotel on Berkeley Street, store on Kingston Street, large warehouse on Atlantic Avenue, for S. S. Pierce & Co., extension to the Quincy House, etc., etc. Mr. Jacobs enters into contracts for the construction of buildings of all kinds, but makes a leading specialty of mason work. Estimates and plans are promptly furnished. Employment is furnished to from fifty to one hundred workmen. Mr. Jacobs is a native of Boston, and a practical mason and bricklayer. He is secretary of the Masonry Builders' Association, of Boston, and a director of the Master Builders' AsKociation. 224 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. INDIA MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Office No. 13 Congress Street.— A time-honored, prosperous, and popular home institution is the India Mutual Insurance Company. This company was organized March 39, 1867, under the State laws of Massachusetts, and under prudent, able and conservative management a thorough success was achieved. The company is in a most flourishing condition, as is shown by the annual statement, presented December 31, 1S90. The report is appended: Assets.— Railroad stocks, $79,943.00; railroad bonds, $90,970.00; bank stocks, $8,940,00; subscription notes, $47,500.00; marine premium notes, $51,134.85; cash, $10,875. 88; total, $289,363.73. Liabilities.— Estimated losses, $18,750,00; reinsurance fund, $49,808.61 ; total, $68,558.61. Surplus.— $220,805.13. Guarantee fund, $47,500.00. Scrip. $156,272.00; making a net surplus of $17,033.13. The president of the company, Mr. John H. Dane, has held this position since 1867, and in a manner that has reflected the utmost credit and honor upon his abihty and integrity. The secretary, Mr. H. B. Alden, who has been with the company for sixteen years, has been the incum- bent of his present office since 1886, He is a popular, able, business man. The directors, prominently known in financial and general busi- ness circles, are Nathan Crowefl, Charles J. Morrill, Andrew Nickerson, Edward Whitney, P. Francis Wells, James Baker, John H. Dane, John G. Moseley, Joshua Baker, Sylvester B. Hinckley and H. B. Alden. Agencies of the company are at No. 16 Beaver Street, New York, Curry & Whitney, managers; No. 39 S. Holliday Street, Baltimore, Wilson Bros., managers; and No. 63 Prince William Street, St. John, New Brunswick, B. G, Taylor, manager. Both marine and inland insurance is effected at lowest premium rates, to any amount, and all losses that occur are promptly and satisfactorily settled. METHPORT EXTRACT COMPANY, Manufacturers of Pure Extract of Hemlock Bark, L. J. Backer, Agent, No. 101 High Street.— One of the important manufacturing enterprises represented in Boston is that of the Smethport Extract Company, manufac- turers of pure extract of hemlock bark, evaporated in vacuum, whose works are located at Smethport, Pa., with salesrooms at No. 101 High Street, under the management of Mr. L. J. Backer, as agent for the company. These works were esta,blished in 1879, and are among the largest of the kind in "the United States, and the entire product is shipped to this city for dis- tribution to the tanners throughout the country. Mr. Backer deals also in black and chestnut oak extract. Many of the largest tanners in the Union make all their purchases of this class of supplies from this house, being attracted both by the superiority of the goods handled, and the liberal inducements ofl;ered. The trade of the house is large, first-class, and permanent in the shoe and leather centers of Massachusetts; including Boston, Lynn, Haverhill, Brockton, Salem, Woburn, Marblehead, Beverly, Peabody, Newburyport, Natick, Marl- boro, Hudson, Weymouth, Rockland and other towns; in Lewiston, Auburn, Portland, Biddeford and Bangor, Maine; in Portsmouth, Dover, Rochester, Nashua, Farmington and other New Hampshire towns; in Burhngton, Montpelier, and other Vermont to^vus; in Hartford and New Haven. Conn. ; Providence, R. I. ; New York City, Rochester, N. Y. ; Cincinnati, O. ; Chicago, lU. ; Detroit, Mich. ; Kansas City, Mo. ; and other noted cities throughout the country. Mr. Backer is a native of Pennsylvania, one of the owners and proprietors of the Smethport Extract Works and a thoroughly experienced representative of this special branch of industry. G. BUZZELL & CO., Manufacturers and Dealers in All Kinds of Boot and Shoe Machinery, No. 115 High Street.— One of the oldest and most famous houses in Boston engaged in the manufacture and sale of all kinds of boot and shoe machinery is that of Messrs. J. G. Buzzell & Co. The seniorlpartner established the business originally some twenty years ago, in com- pany with Blessrs. George W. Emerson and N. C. Ellis, as J. G. Buzzell & Co., and in 1880 he retired from obcifc firm and established the present business as sole proprietor, admitting Mr. S. E. Puffer to partnership in 1889. The business premises comprise two floors, 40 x 100 feet each, supplied with steam power and all modern facilities. The firm handle both new and second-hand machinery, repairs and duplicate parts, and make a specialty of the latest and best inventions in their Une, such as buffers, heel scourers, heel breast finishers, bottom polishers, and moulded sandpaper. These specialties are not only of superior make, but are sold to the trade by this house at prices which cannot be duplicated in America. The business transacted extends not only to all sections of the United States, but also* to England, France, Germany, Canada, Belgium, and other foreign countries. The firm secure their supphes in vast quantities and at the most advantageous rates, and they can, therefore, offer such inducements to their patrons as render business relations of the most profitable- nature. Mv. Buzzell is a native of New Hampshire, and an expert and practical millwright and machinist, with forty years' experience in this branch of industry, and of high repute as an accomplished manufacturer. Mr. Puffer was formerly a shoe manufac- turer at Lynn, a.n6, has a perfect knowledge of the wants of the trade in all parts of the world. IgOYAL B. LEIGHTON, Insurance, Real Estate and Mortgages, No. 27 Kilby Street.— One of the most successful real estate and insurance agents in Boston and Melrose, is Mr. Royal B. Leighton, who has had twenty years' experience in his vocation, and *^1l HI "^IK^ has been established independently for the past fifteen years. He deals in realty of all kinds, and his sound judgment and S**! 91 11^ accurate estimate of present and prospective values have enabled many of the leading capitalists and investors to make judicious selections; and, in the case of improved property, to be sure of a steady income, and a progress in enhancement of value. Mr. Leighton carries on a general business in buying, selling, renting, leasing, and exchanging property of all kinds; negotiating loans on mortgage security, collecting rents, and assuming the entire charge of estates. Special attention is paid to the insurance department of the business; and Mr. Leighton is local agent at Melrose, and sub-agent in Boston, for the following well-known companies: the North British and Mercantile Insurance Company, Liverpool and London and Globe Insurance Company, Hamburg and Bremen Fire Insur- ance Company, Hartford Fire Insurance Company, American Fire Insurance Company, Niagara Fire Insurance Company, London and Lan- cashire Insurance Company, Western Insurance Company, Queen Insurance Company, Scottish Union and National Insurance Company, Risks are assumed to any amount, at reasonable rates, and all losses are promptly and satisfactorily adjusted. Attention is also given to marine, accident, and life insurance. Mr. Leighton is a native of Boston, and a resident of Melrose, and piresident of the Maiden and Melrose Board of Underwriters. HOMAS W. EMERSON & CO,, Growers and Jobbers in Garden, Field and Grass Seeds, Nos. 74 and 76 S. Market Street.— This firm are extensive growers and jobbers of garden, field and grass seeds; and beans and peas of every description for cooking purposes. The business was established in 1839 by Mr. Hezekiah Blanchard, who died in 1861, and was succeeded by his son George, and in 1862 the firm of Blanchard & Emerson was organized. On the death of Mr. Blanchard in 1866, Mr. Thomas W. Emerson became sole proprietor. His house has come to be regarded as one of the most prominenD of its class, carry- ing its operations to all parts of New England, New Fork and the Provinces. The business premises comprise an entire four-story building, 25 x 100 feet in dimensions, and unsurpassed facilities are afforded for conducting all operations. The very large and complete stock here carried is of a superior character, and the goods are placed upon the market with every guarantee as to quality and con dition. The assortments are always full, fresh and choice, and the very lowest market prices are quoted. Mr. Emerson is a native of New Hampshire, who came to Boston in 1852; was with the Ames Plow Company for thirteen years; is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, and a merchant of the highest repute and standing. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMEECE AND LITERATUEE. 225 JEOEGE E. EATON, Auctioneer and Appraiser, Real Estate and Insurance, No. 178 Washington Street.— Mr. George E. Eaton is one of our oldest and best known business men. Thirty-five years ago he established himself as an auctioneer, appraiser and real estate and insurance broker, but for the twenty-five years prior to that he had carried on business as a carpenter and builder. Consequently he possesses an expert knowledge of the values of property, and can afford the most valuable advice to those engaging his services. Mr. Eaton makes a specialty of buying and selling business and residential property in West and Southwest Boston, also of farms. He represents the Co-operative Farm Agency for the sections included within a radius of twenty-five miles of Boston, and possesses every, facility for advantageously disposing of farm property. Fire insurance is effected in any flrst-class company at lowest premium rates, the policies being placed [through the .agency of John C. Paige. Mortgages and loans are negotiated, rents collected, estates managed and all business coming under the general head of real estate executed in the most acceptable manner. Mr. Eaton is a member of the Order of Odd Fellows. kHOTO-ELECTRO ENGRAVING COMPANY, No. 275 Washington Street.— The Photo-Electro Engraving Company, of No. S75 'C'^^^^^l Washington Street, has been established since the year 1876, the foundation of the corporation having taken place under the ASh^^^ laws of the State of New Hampshire. The business of the company embraces the execution of engraving of every descrip- tion and by every process, and an important department is the one devoted to electrotyping ;from type or cuts; the specialty being the preparation of half tone plates from photographs. The premises wherein the house conducts its business are excellently located at the head of Water Street, and in the respective matters of management and equipment are excellent- They comprise apartments.located upon the first floor of the building and a workroom upon the fourth floor. The connection of the company is distributed throughout the entire New England section and the west, and is highly valuable and influential in character. The direction of the company embraces the efforts of Mr. Jas. H. Stark jas president, and Mr. Chas. H. Churchill as manager. Mr. Stark is engaged in the real estate business, while Mr. Churchill devotes undivided attention to the business of the company. He is a young man and a native of Boston, and has had a lengthy and continuous experience in this line. lOMER'S COMMERCIAL COLLEGE, No. 666 Washington Street.— To all contemplating a course of business 'study, we would strongly commend the nationally famous Comer's Commercial College, the oldest business college in America, and the best. It was founded in this city in 1840, by George N. Comer, a native of England, who had been thoroughly trained in all the requirements of a business life in the great banking house of Baring Brothers, in London, and who had enriched his knowl- edge by an extensive experience in both liemispheres. The honored founder died in 1877, after placing the college upon a sound and permanent basis, and the work was continued by his son, Mr. Charles E. Comer, who admitted his brothei', Mr. Arthur Comer, to partnership in 1888. This is one of the reliable colleges, where each student receives direct tuition under the guidance and instruction of experienced professors, and where diplomas are granted and graduation permitted only upon the manifest proof of pro- ficienoy as afforded by severe examinations. The college year begins September 1, and closes June 30. The day session is from 9 a. m. until 3 p. M. ; the evening sessions begin October 5, and close March 31. In making a comparison of prices, it will be well to note that this college quarter is thirteen weeks, and not the usual school quarter of ten weeks, making its charges less than those of any other first-class school- The commercial course at this college consists of a thorough, practical, working knowledge of book-keeping, commercial arithmetic, com- mercial law, commercial correspondence, penmanship, business papers, businessjeconomics, English branches, actual business practice and banking, while short-hand and type-writing are also taught by expert instructors. Each student conducts actual business transactions upon his own account; he is given a capital in college money and certificates of merchandise, and then enters the world of trade, buying from and selling to his fellow students, opening bank accounts, shipping .and receiving, giving and taking promissory notes, making out and handling checks, drafts, notes, invoices, account sales, due bills, manifests, etc.; and conducting a general mercantile business in all its ramifications. Every feature of a business education is most carefully elaborated, and the Messrs. Comer are well worthy of the large measure of success achieved. B. BARRETT. Importer of German Peat Moss, No. 45 N. Market Street.— The business conducted by Mr. C. B. Barrett, as an importer of German peat moss for stable bedding, was established in 1885, and has a trade connection co-extensive with the limits of the entire country. German peat moss is, without question, the best, cheapest and ^healthiest article in the world for stable bedding, keeping the horses clean, feet soft, and giving pure air in the stable. It deodorizes the manure, makes a * soft, clean bed, will not burn, and is especially adapted to box stalls. Its lasting qualities alone make it worth double the price of straw. Boston is using it in the city stables, and it is giving the utmost satisfaction in every particular, saving much labor; ingroomingandsoftening the feet, it is all that is desired. Recommendations are received from many veterinary surgeons and sta- blemen who have used it, all of whom say it cannot be recommended too highly, and cheerfully commend it to every one that keeps cows or horses. Five dollars worth of peat moss will go further and better than ten dollars worth of straw. Six dollars worth will last one horse a year. It is imported from Germany, and in use in Europe most extensively. Mr. Barrett is selling from five thousand to si.x; thousand bales a year, to livery men, florists and others, in all parts of the United States. Orders by mail are filled promptly, by the bale, ton or car load, at lowest cut prices. He also supplies Petrolatum Hoof Stuffing, " nature's own remedy; " a combination of petroleum products, so mixed with moss as to form a paste for packing horses' feet. It is especially recommended to horse-shoers in place of tar and oakum. It will •improve the condition of the feet, and is more easily applied. It was formerly sold by the Bay State Hoof Packing Company, and is supplied to the trade by Mr. Barrett. He is a Massachusetts man by birth and training, and is worthy of every trust and confidence. k ARK, BROTHER & CO. [Limited], Black Diamond Steel Works, Lake Superior Copper Mills, Warehouse, No. 77 Oliver Street. Vj^H^^^B —In the metal market and in an ever-widening circle of consumers of steel and copper, the products of Park, Brother & tJo. '— *"™^''"'® [Limited], of Pittsburg, are justly celebrated for superiority and a uniform high standard of excellence. The plant at Pitts- burg comprises the largest steel works in the United States, and the equipment includes the latest improved furnaces, cruci- bles, rolls, etc. for the manufacture of steel ; while the Lake Superior Copper Mills are widely noted for the superior quality of their product. The New England agency for the sale of these products is under the management of Mr. Edgar L. Reed, and is located at No. 77 Oliver Street. This branch was opened in 1866, and since 1889 has been under the direction of Mr. Reed, an experi- enced iron and steel merchant, who has an intimate acquaintance with the wants and requirements of the New England market in this direction of trade. He occupies two floors, 50 x 90 feet each, and carries in stock some seven hundred tons of steel and twenty tons of copper. The assortment comprises fine grades of crucible steel for tools, taps, dies, chisels, drills, shear l;nives, etc. ; machinery, and spring steell inclusive of the heaviest steel shafts, car, locomotive axles and forgings ; and copper of the highest quality for all purposes of the arts and industries. Among the staple lines which can best be contracted for ahead, or purchased in quantities to suit from this house, are open hearth machinery steel, lathe cut ends, special qualities of machinery steel from hammered billets, cut to special lengths as required ; steel tire in sets, toe calk steel, sleigh steel, carriage axle steel, etc. As proprietors of the Black Diamond Steel Works, Park. Brother & Co. [Limited], are maintaining an important trade, national in extent and of great magnitude. Mr. Reed, the manager, has been identified with the steel trade for nearly thirty years. 326 BOSTON : ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. I NION PASTE COMPANY, Manufacturers of Chase's Prepared Paste, Etc., No. 102 Central Street.— A good article of paste is a very important item in the materials used by various manufacturers and in other lines of business, including bookbinders, shoe and harness makers, paper bag makers, paper hangers, etc. ; and the increasing demand has stimulated the production i" -mr ~im "^ paste of greatly improved quality. There is, perhaps, no better article of the kind in the market than Chase's prepared ^)j||tt^B^ paste, manufactured by the Union Paste Company, No. 102 Central Street. Its composition is such that it is entirely free St?^ >»^^^ from the objectionable qualities so generally found in common paste. Perhaps the best test of the superiority of this paste which it is held by leather workers; while for paper and pasteboard work it is of course all that could be desired. The com- oanufacturers of a superior glutinant tor labeling on tin, and make a specialty of the importation of Dextrine. The business was" established twenty-three years ago by Woodward & Chase, who were succeeded by Joshua S. Chase and Mr. A. Kelley, the present pro- prietors having had sole control of the business for the past three years. They occupy spacious manufacturing premises, employ a number of experienced workmen, and do a large business, the demand for their goods coming from all sections of the country. JACOB, Importer and Dealer in Antique Furniture, Etc. , No. 6 Beacon Street.— Lovers of the rare, curious and beautiful in art and nature will find ample opportunity for the gratification of their taste by inspectmg the large, varied and unique assortment of goods displayed at the warerooms of Mr. S. Jacob, No. 6 Beacon Street. He is an exteusive importer of, and dealer In antique furniture, china, works of art, books and engravings, arms. South Sea and Indian relics, sea shells, etc. ; in fact, relics from all over the world, and is the largest specialist in his line in the city. He gives particular attention to antique furniture, of which he is one of the best and most thoroughly posted judges in this country. His wareroom is 25 X 50 feet in dimensions, with basement of the same size. He has ten persons in his employ, and has a large trade with all sections of the United States. In connection with the above, Mr. Jacob also carries on fine cabinet making, repairing and upholstering. His business was established in 1876— and is still continued— at Nos. 119, 121 and 123 Bellevue Avenue, Newport, R. I. The Boston store was opened in 1878. Mr Jacob is a native of London, England, a gentleman of middle age, and has been connected with his present line of business since early youth. He is the oldest in his line in Boston. NEWMAN & CO., Wholesale Jewelers, Importers of Precious and Imitation Stones, Nos. 43 and 44 Chauncy Street.— A lead- ing wholesale jewelry establishment in Boston is that of L. Newman & Co., which has been in active operation for the past quarter of a century. The business was founded twenty-flve years ago by the present owner, Mr. L. Newman, and his large splendid trade now extends all throughout New England, and is of the most permanent character. Two traveling salesmen are employed. The premises occupied have an area of 23 x 110 feet, and are tastefully appointed. A heavy stock is carried consisting of lockets, charms, precious and imitation stones, and jewelry of every description, the assortments being complete in every respect. Mr. Newman gives personal attention to the requirements of his customers, and is prepared to fill orders at the lowest and most reasonable prices. H. DINSMORE, U. S. War Claim Agent, Room 39, No. 34 School Street.— In very nearly thirty years T. H. Dinsmore, the well-known U. S. war claim agent, who is one of the oldest in the business, has successfully prosecuted about three thou- sand pension claims. Mr. Dinsmore, who is a native of Maine, established himself in business at Skowhegan, Me, in 1862, and moved to Boston in 1885, his clientele extending all over the New Engfand States. He invites correspondence, all communications receiving prompt response, and all interests entrusted to him are certain to be handled in the most careful, competent, and trustworthy manner. Mr. Dinsmore is prepared to examine claims of every description against the U.S. government, and, if found valid, will prosecute the same to a successful issue, requiring no advance tee, and gives special attention to rejected claims, while his terms are invariably of the most reasonable character. HORLE & SON, Manufacturers of Paper Boxes, of Every Description, Nos. 18 and 20 High Street.— A popular and reliable house engaged in this city in the important industry of paper box manufacture is that of Messrs. A. Horle & Son, who by manufacturing genuine and durable boxes at commensurate prices, have succeeded in a comparatively short time in estab- lishing a tar-reaching and flourishing trade. The business was initiated about two years ago by the present proprietors, Mr. A. ' Horle, his son, Mr. J. P. Horle, and Mr. Charles B. Heard, and the perpetual demand which is now made upon the resources of the house necessitates the regular employment of a staff of twenty-flve competent assistants, as well as the maintenance of premises at the location indicated above, consisting of a spacious floor, 35 x 135 feet in superficial area, where they manu- facture every description of paper boxes, except folding ones. Mr. A. Horle was born in Germany, and was formerly in New York, and with his son— a native of the Empire City— reached Boston in 1874. OSTON ORANGE GROWERS' COMPANY, M. D. Brooks, General Agent, No. 34 School Street.— A company that has been organized for the purpose of raising a superior grade of Florida oranges is that of the Boston Orange Growers' Company. This company was organized and incorporated under the State laws of Maine in 1890, with a capital of $110,000, and the fol- lowing gentlemen as officers: President, D. P. Ives, banker and broker, Boston; treasurer, William E. Murdock, of Sampson Murdock & Co.. directory publishers; general agent, M. D. Brooks, Boston. These gentlemen are prominently and favor- ably known in financial and general business circles. The company own 185 acres of orange lands. The shares of stock are $60 each, this allowing twelve shares of stock for each acre of one hundred choice trees. Over one hundred and five acres are now under cultivation, 10,500 orange trees having been set out in 1889. Six per cent, interest is assured for the first six years, while those who prefer may take the fruit raised on the land represented by their shares. IILLIAM B. BUTCHERS, Manufacturer of Harnesses, Saddlery, Etc., No. 71 Sudbury Street, Room No. 1.— One of the oldest and best known of the houses engaged in this line is that of William B. Butchers, located at No. 71 Sudbuiy Street, Room No. 1 The business was originally founded forty years ago by Mr. S. E. Slogle, by whom it was conducted up to 1873, when his death occurred and the present proprietor succeeded to the control. Mr. Butchers is a native of England, born in 1841, and came to Boston in 1857. He has followed his present vocation since a young man and is thoroughly expert. Mr. Butchers is the i]iventor of a number of specialties, among which may be mentioned Butchers' Improved Quarter Boots, and Butchers' Patent Crupper, for holding the tail of a horse in position, preventing switching, throwing over reins, etc. The spacious store occupied ia admirably appointed with all necessary facilities, and employment is furnished a staff of expert workmen. A leading specialty is the manu- facture of goodstoorder, everything being done by hand. A large stock is at all times carried of fine harnesses, saddlery, and speed-cut boots, carriage dressings, oils, whips, brushes, and stable goods in general, blankets, robes, and horse millinery of every description. Both a wholesale and retail trade is supplied. Wherever known, the house bears a reputation of the highest order. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 227 B. GRIFFIN & CO., Produce Commission Merchants, No. Ill S. Market Street.— For a period of sixteen honored years, the name of the reputable house of H. B. Griffin & Co. has remained as a prominent feature in the mercantile prosperity of the capital city of the Bay State. Messrs. H. B. Griffin & Co. are produce commission merchants and wholesale dealers in eggs, egg cases, butter, and live and dressed poultry, but they make a specialty of eggs, handling all grades from every section * of the country and the British proviuces, and also of egg cases, and pride themselves upon the promptitude with which they make returns to shippers. The connection of the concern is located throughout the entire New England section, extending largely throughout the country in general, and consignments are solicited. The premises are located in probably one of the most pros- perous sections of the city, and they embrace two floors, each covering an area of 25 x 50 feet, and they evince in their management an inspiring and creditable example of systematic control. They are equipped with every modern convenience, having for its design the facile conduct of a heavy volume of business, including telephone connection, the number of the house being 2069. Mr. H. B. Griffin is a native of the State of Maine, and resides at present in Wintbrop. He is a middle aged gentleman, possessing unusual commercial abilities, and is a member of the National Butter, Cheese and Egg Association, the Boston Chamber of Commerce and the Fruit and Produce Exchange. He commands the greatest respect, and demands for his name a posi- tion of prominence upon a record of Boston's prosperity. Mr. J. F. Brock, for eight years in the employ of the firm, was admitted to partnership a year since, and is a gentleman of rare business ability and highest integrity. The association of these two gentlemen, and their peculiar adaptability to each other, and to the business in which they are engaged, together with the unbroken prosperity which the house has thus far enjoyed, is a sufficient guarantee of its continued success. Park Street Cburcb. 228 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. SPLANE & CO., Commission Merchants, Vessels, Lumber, Produce and Fish^ No. 220 State Street.— This concern was estab- lished in 1886 by Mr. Splane, under the firm name of R. Splane & Co., and three years ago he admitted to partnership Mr. Wm. A. Robertson, who retired in August, 1891. Mr. Splane is a native of New Brunswick, but has long resided .in Boston* and is most favorably known in its commercial circles, his standing being A 1 in every respect. The firm conduct general transactions as commission merchants in vessels, lumber, produce and fish, and their perfected facilities allo^^ them to meet all demands upon the most favorable basis. They handle on commission all kinds of fresh, salt and pickled fish, Canada lumber, railroad ties, wood pulp, etc., and make a leading specialty of ship brokerage, and in all dealings Messrs. Splane & Co. endeavor to promote their patrons' best interests. E. BROWN, Real Estate and Commercial Brokei-, Stores, Houses, Tenements and Offices to Let, No. 266 Washington- Street, Room No. 2.— The late course of events in the financial world has fully demonsti-ated the fact that there is no form of investment so secure and with such certain returns of income as real estate. In this connection the special attention of our readers is directed to the reliable real estate brokerage house of Mr. C. E. Brown, located at No. 326 Washington Street. • Mr. Brown established himself here in 1888, bringing to bear a wide range of practical experience in real estatfe matters and an intimate knowledge of the various residential and business sections of the city. He has been a resident of Boston/for fifteen years and is known to possess special qualifications for success in every branch of the real estate trade. He has the fullest confidence and esteem of our leading capitalists and property owners, and. owing to the wide range and supei-ior character of his connections, he is prepared to promptly dispose of realty at fair values, while offering bargains to conservative investors that are guaranteed to produce a steady income and a prospective increase in values. He is at all times prepared to effect insurance upon city property in reliable com- panies, quoting the lowest rates of premium and guaranteeing a prompt and liberal adjustment of all losses. Mr. Brown is a native of New Hampshire. He now enjoys a large and rapidly increasing patronage and performs every duty entrusted to his care with the utmost promptness, fidelity and success. ] OTTON, DURGIN & MAAG-, Manufacturers of Mineral Waters, No. 155 Albany Street.— This enterprise was founded in 1888, at the above address, by the present proprietors, Messrs. J. E. Cotton, B. F. Durgin, and J. K. Maag, all young, energetic, wide-awake business men. The works are comprised in a floor and basement, each 95 x 50 feet in dimensions, equipped with the most improved generators, bottling machines, and appUances suitable to this branch of industry, and' the machineiy is driven by water-po^\-er. Twenty hands and six delivery teams comprise the working force. The firm are manufacturers and bottlers of all the different [flavors of tonic beers, ginger ale, crab apple charapei^ne, Tizer beer and soda in Mathews steel foimtains, ale, porter and cider, and they are sole Boston agents for Eldredge's Portsmouth lager beer. All the goods handled are of strictly superior quality, and are held in popular demand by the trade and public. Messrs. Cotton and Durgin are natives of Maine, Mr. Maag of Switzerland. The latter is a member of the Ancient Order of Foresters, Mr. Cotton of the Order of Odd Fellows. All three gentle- men have long resided in Boston, and are popularly Imown in business circles. I OHN J. HENRY & CO.. Boots and Shoes, No. 115 Federal Street.— The oldest and leading auctioneers and commission mer- chants for the sale of boots, shoes and rubbers in Boston, are Messrs. John J. Heniy & Co., who have recently taken posses- sion yf their new quarters at No. 115 Federal Street. This house is the legitimate successor of the old firm of M. M. Landers & Co., in whose employ Mr. John J. Henry remained from 1857 until 1367, when he established business for himself, and soon laid the foundation for his future success. In 1872, occurred the great Boston fire, but although his house and stock were completely destroyed^ having a policy in the old and reliable .Etna, of Hartford, Mr. Henry was enabled to pay his con- signees in full for all goods— something which no other house in his line could do. This took much more money than he realized from his insurance, but his action commanded the confidence and consequent co-operation of all shoe manufacturers, and his business was quickly re-established and upon a sounder basis than ever. In 1877, Mr. Henry opened a branch house in Chicago, under the style of Henry & Hatch, which did a prosperous business for seven years when Mr. Hatch assumed sole control. Mr. Henry afterwards admitted as partner Mr. W. J. Fegan, under the firm name of John J. Henrys & Fegan, and these gentleman did an immense business for years at No. 82 Summer Street and No. 295 Devonshire Street. On Januarj' 1, 1891, the business was removed to the present location, and Mr. Henry is now sole pro- prietor. He deals extensively in a great variety of goods, receiving consignments of all kinds of boots, shoes, brogans, slippers and rubber boots and shoes, and controlling the production of several factories at Lynn, Haverhill, Brockton and Marblehead. Auction sales are held every Tuesday at 10.30 a. m. His auction sales are freely attended by reliable buyers Avho want to secure bargains, " drives " and "job lots." The trade extends to all parts of New England, the west and south, and over 20,000 cases are sold [here every year. Mr. Henry is a Massa- chusetts man by birth, has served as President of the Boston Boot and Shoe Club, and as Treasurer of the Boston Merchants Association. |VERETT MILLS, Manufacturers of Denims Cottonades, Ginghams, Etc., George S. Silsbee, Treasurer, Mills, Lawrence, Mass., Office, No. 40 Water Street.— This extensive enterprise was founded in 1860, being incorporated under the State laws of Massa- chusetts with a capital stock of $800,000. Under the skilled management that has ever been at its head, the affairs of the company have ever been directed with the most substantial success; the products of the mills have found favor with the trade in all parts of the United States, and they sustain a standard reputation in the market. The selling agents are Messrs. Smith, Hogg & Gardner, whose warehouses are at No. 66 Chauncy Street, Boston, and No. 115 Worth Street, New York. The agent of the mills at Lawrence is Mr. F. C. McDuffie, who is thoroughly skilled in all the details of the cotton spinning industry, and has a ■competent staff of superintendents and clerks. The mills are equipped with 1,300 looms, 35,000 spindles, and all modern improved machinery; while employment is found for 1,100 operatives. The products include a superior grade of Denims cottonades, ducks, ginghams, shirtings skirtings, and napped colored goods, made in a vast variety of styles, new designs constantly being introduced. Over 12,000 bales of col ton are consumed yearly, while the output 'amounts to upward of 14,000,000 yards of goods per annum. The president of the company, Mr. James Longley, and the treasurer, Mr. George S. Silsbee, both reside in Boston, and are numbered among Boston's representative citizens. A. B. ARNOLD, Commission Merchant, No. 46 Merchants Row.— One of the most enterprising and successful houses engaged in the cpmmission business is that conducted by Mr. A. A. B. Arnold at No. 46 Merchants Row. The business was first established in 1885 by both Mr. A. A. B. Arnold and Mr. J.J. Donnelly, the present proprietor succeeding in 1890. He occupies a commodious shop, fully supplied with evei'ything necessary for the successful prosecution of the business, and keeps at all times a full stock of beef and poultry, making a specialty of dressed beef. He is agent for Armour Packing Com- pany of Kansas City, whose products are world renowned and need no words of commendation from us. The trade, which is wholesale exclusively, is extensive and annually increasing. Large consignments are received dafly, and the stock is always fresh, choice and extensive. Promptitude, quick sales and low prices form the policy upon .which the business is conducted. Mr. Arnold is a native of Medway, Mass. He is a young man of spirited business enterprise, possessing a thorough knowledge of the trade, and is eminently popular in business circles and with his hosts of patrons. , BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. HOMSON & PESSENDEN, Importers of Lineu and Jute Goods, No. 264 Devonshire Street.— Of the immense trade now carried on in tiiis city in the importation of fine Irish and Scotch hnen, a liberal share conies within the comprehensive scope of the old established business of Messrs. Thomson & Fessenden, importers, No. 2(54 Devonshire Street, corner Winthrop Square. "With the immense demand that has been created of late years for the finest qualities of linen that the world produces— and which, admittedly, have their origin in Ireland— the trade of this reliable house has proportionately increased, and in the same ratio its reputation has been enhanced as a house whose goods may at all times be thoroughly depended upon, both as to quality and price. They were pioneers in introducing French elastic canvas for the dry goods trade. The business was established eighteen years ago, by the present proprietors, Mr. T. D. Thomson and Mr. E. S. Fessenden; and to ensure the securing of a steady and consistent supply of the different grades O- Irish and Scotch linens, a branch house is maintained at No. 11 Panmure Street, Dundee, Scotland, where the whole of the purchasing is conducted and the shipment to Boston arranged, by the surest and most expeditious means. These and many other facilities which the firm possess, have been mainly instrumental in accruing to the house a sonnd_ and endm-ing connection among jobbers, dealers, manufacturers and the trade generally, testending to all the principal seats of industry in the country. The premises occupied consist of a spacious floor, 25 x 100 feet in superficial area, comprising office, store and salesroom, togetlier with storehouses; all of which are well fur- nished and fitted with every convenience for facilitating the transaction of the important trade carried on, a duly qualified executive staff being retained for the clerical duties which devolve upon the undertaking. A large stock of the firm's own imported linens, of various grades is carried, from which all but the heaviest orders can be filled without loss of time. Both of the able and efficient proprietors are members of the Merchants' Association and the Trade Club; and are natives, respectively, Mr. Thomson of New York City, and Mr. Fessenden of Arlington; Mass. HARRIS & CO., Auctioneers and Commission Merchants, Nos. 325-227 State and 122-124 Central Streets.— For the past forty years the house of H. Harris & Co., auctioneers and commission merchants of this city, has held a prominent position in its special field of business usefulness, and has ever sustained an excellent reputation for the progressive principles and stability shown in its management. The business was founded in 1848 by Horatio Harris, and in 1876, on the death of Mr. Harris, Mr. S. Bowen succeeded to the control of affairs. Five years later, Mr. Frank Mostley, who had Iield a clerical position in the house for ten years, was admitted to partnership, and, after the death of Mr. Bowen in October, 1888, Mr. Edward C. Moseley also came into the firm. He also has been connected with the house for the past twenty years. The Messrs. Moseley are natives of Boston, and active members of the Chamber of Commerce and Fruit and Produce Exchange. They possess an expert knowledge of all the branches of the trade in which they are embarked, and are popularly known in produce circles. The premises used for the busi- ness comprise a building having seven floors, each 30 x 120 feet in dimensions, and it is fitted up w ith every accommodation for the storage and preservation of goods. The firm handle all kinds of foreign and domestic fruit and general merchandise, making a leading specialty of fruits. An active trade is supplied, and those who have dealings with the Messrs. Moseley will have their interests carefully advanced. A. WILLIAMS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, Nos. 332 to 336 Congress Street.— Prominent among the manufacturing en- terprises of Boston is that conducted by the H. A. Williams Manufacturing Company, successors to The Draper Oil Company, F. Draper & Co., Albert Hallowell Brass Manufacturing Company and the Williams Manufacturing Corporation, and are noted for producing patent specialties for both cotton and woolen mills, boot and shoe manufacturers, machinists, etc. The company was incorporated in January, 1887, with a capital of $150,000, and is officered and managed by H. A. Wilharas, agent; J. W. Hobart, treasurer. The various factories heretofore operated for the manufacture of specialties at Taunton, East Cambridge and Lowell, have now been combined in one large manufactory in this city, containing six floors, and supplied with new and improved machinery, ample steam power, and every modern facility, while steady employment is given to one hundred skilled hands. The leading specialties which this company manufacture are Williams' -Excelsior Crimping Tacks, the best tack in the market, used by all the principal manufacturers; sewing awls, stitching awls, stabbing awls, pegging awls, harness awls, seating awls, marking awls, chair awls, belt awls and printers' bodkins, made from the best engravers' steel, adapted to the use of wood-workers, machinists, tinsmiths, engravers, etc., and guaranteed superior to any offered; the " Williams," " Draper " and " Siphon " steel and brass oilers and lamps, the best in the' world; the " Williams " solid bronze, steel tip plumb bobs, used and "approved by the most prominent engineers in the country; the '' Auto- matic " compression faucet, made of the best quality of composition, and aside from the advantages of the automatic shut-off, they are the best made goods in the market; the " Perfection " self-closing water cocks, superior in beauty of design, sensitiveness of operation, adjust- able length of valve stem, great wearing sui'face, universal valve lift and thorough workmanship; the " Peerless " spray and solid stream garden and fire hose nozzles, the only uozzle giving a perfect solid stream and spray, and the only one having a solid felt packing. Tlie com- pany have already achieved a solid reputation for the superiority of their various specialties, and fully live up to it. This company sell from Maine to California, and manufacturers and others save money and obtain better service through this enterprising house, with its magnifi- cent facilities, than by dealing with any other in the United States. ENNY, POOR & CO., Dry Goods Commission Merchants, No. 36 Bedford Street.~The dry goods interests of the country present one of its most active, valuable factors in develoj^ing the national progress, and the aggregate annual transactions in this line reach an enormous figure. The dry goods commission trade is an important branch of the industry, and one of the oldest and best known of the prominent houses engaged in this line is that of Denny, Poor & Co., of No. 114 Worth Street, New York, and at No. 36 Bedford Street, this city. The business was founded twenty years ago by the present proprietors, the copartners being Messrs. Daniel Denny, Edward E. Poor and James E. Dean. The two latter are in charge of the New York establishment, while Mr. Denny is in charge of affairs in this city. Mr. Denny was formerly of the dry goods house of Denny, Rice & Co., and all three members of the firm have had mature experience in this field of commerce. Messrs. Denny, Poor & Co. are selling agents for the following manufacturers, the Parkhill Manufacturing Company, of Fitchburg, Mass., ginghams; the Johnson Manufacturing Company, •of North Adams, Mass., ginghams; the Passaic Print AVorks, of Passaic. N. J., cotton goods. Sales are made largely by sample, the trade tends to all parts of the United States, and orders are promptly filled. \I. BOYNTON, Real Estate, No. 4 Post Office Square.^Mr. William Boynton, of No. 4 Post Office Square, has been promi- nently identified with real estate matters the whole of his commercial career, and is now counted among Boston's prominent residents; possessing, along with many other holdings, a considerable quantity of real estate in Winchester, a suburb of the city. Mr. Boynton's energies and resources are largely taken up in building houses and letting or selling them at a small mar- gin of profit on the outlay; and his phenomenal success in this direction is largely attributable to his wise selection of local- ity and to the fact that he only erects the best class of residential property. There are many clients of his to-day, who have to thank Mr. Boynton for the possession oi iiighly desirable and eligible houses, etc., which have been enhanced in value to a considerable extent since they were purchased from him; and this fact, together with his rigid adherence to the highest principles of integrity and hon- orable dealing, have led to his being entrusted with a large volume of general real estate business, the chief features of which are the pur- chase, sale and exchange of realty of all kinds, the entire management of estates and the negotiation of loans upon bond or mortgage. Mv. Boynton is a member of the Boston Real Estate Exchange, a native of Massachusetts, and now of middle age. 230 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. HOLT & COMPANY, Steam and Water Heating, No' 65 Federal Street. The only economical system of warming buildings which has met with universal approval wherever properly introduced, is that of heating by the use of steam or hot water. One of the most enterprising and thoroughly progressive houses engaged in this industry in Boston is that of Messrs. A. Holt & Company, located at No. 65 Federal Street. This representative house was established ten years ago, and makes a * specialty of contract work, supplying any system of steam and hot water heating desired, and placing all transactions on a thoroughly substantial and satisfactory basis. Mr. Holt, the active member of the firm, is a practical steam and hot water engineer, and is the inventor of a new improved steam and hot water boiler which was patented Jan. 1, 1SH4. This boiler is made of either wrought or cast-iron tubes, and in its construction is combined all the necessary qualities of a first-class steam and water heater. It is built compactly, is low enough to set in any cellar 1:hat is six feet high, and is specially adapted for private houses. Simplicity in the adjustment of any house-heating apparatus is a great item, as it is frequently left in the charge of servants. It is no more trouble to attend to a steam boiler of this make than a common range, as it runs automatically, and the grate is made of sufficient size to keep the fire in good order for a long time, without adding water; but it is not considered a good plan to do so, as the boiler steams better when the water is renewed occasionally. This firm now has undoubtedly the most powerful and durable boiler on the market. It is made in various sizes and patterns, so that any and all places can be fitted and for either wrought or cast-iron pipes; while the firm also arrange for a combination job, to run either steam or hot water in the same apparatus and with the best of results. This combination is a great advantage in many houses especially in the coldest weather, as many prefer to use water in the mildest weather and steam in the coldest, as it will heat up so much quicker if the house gets cooled down. This house also furnishes the Holt Radiator, the Mahony Direct Draft Hot Water Heater, the Port- able Water Heater, the Ideal Radiator, and the Union Water Radiator. Their patronage is large and influential throughout New England, constantly increasing in magnitude and importance under enterprising and reliable management. Mr. Holt is a native of Danville, Vt., an engineer of twenty years' experience in this line, and widely known and honored for his genius as an inventor and his creditable business record. iOHN PICKERING & MOSELEY, Bankers and Brokers, No. 40 State Street.— One of the oldest and most rehable of the Boston houses engaged in the banking and stock brokerage business, is that of John Pickering & Mosele.w whose well-equipped offices are at No. 40 State Street. This time-honored concern was originally founded in 1849 by Mr. John Pickering, of Salem, and conducted by him alone up to 1869, when Mr. C. W. Moseley was admitted to partnership, the present firm title being adopted. In 1883 Mr. Pickering's death occurred, and in him the city of Salem lost a public-spirited citizen, and the Boston Stock Exchange one of its oldest and most respected members. Mr. Moseley has since remained sole proprietor, but has retained the original firm name. He was elected a member of the New York Stock Exchange in 1880, and has been an active member of the Boston Stock Exchange since March, 1888, and is popularly known by his colleagues of those institutions. He employs four experienced assistants, and is a general broker in stocks and bonds, buying and selling on conunission, and making advances on securities. His ample means enable him to meet the requirements of his patrons upon the most satisfactory basis. The New York correspondents are Messrs. A. M. Kidder & Co., and Dominick Dickerman. All market news is received by private wires, and ti'ansaotions are conducted in a manner con- ducing to the best interests of patrons. Mr. Moseley resides at his birthplace, Newburyport, Mass., during the summer months, and he enjoys a patronage extending to all parts of New England. Both in financial, commercial and social circles he bears ah unsullied reputation, and commands the confidence of all with whom he has come in contact. «^^se^wNITED STATES SEWAGE FILTERING AND FERTILIZER COMPANY, Exchange Building, No. 53 State Street, Room No. y"J,'^^5*-.H 833.— It is a pleasure to call the attention of cities and towns to the United States Sewage Filtering and Fertilizer Company, V^M^>jifl which was incorporated April 13, 1891, under the laws of the State of .Maine, with an authorized capital of $1,000,000, and is ^U^Buaf officered as follows, viz: James H. Waite, president; Arthur B. Champlin, vice-president; Geo. J. Bicknell, treasurer; teiiA^SS** William J. Calder, secretary; Asher F. Black, manager. The main office of the company is in the Exchange Building, Room llt^*^ ■=?%« jfo 83.3^ and a limited number of shares of the stock are now ofEered at a price that cannot fail to arrest the attention of intelligent and conservative investors. Drafts and plans of operations are now open to investigation at the company's ofHce, from U a. m., to 8 p. M. The business of the company is the clarifying of sewage, for cities and towns, and disposing of the residue for fertiUzing purposes. They take up the crude sewage from the sewer, at, or near its mouth, separate the gas and solids f i-om the water, and let the water run freely. Practical results of the greatest importance and value to humanity have already resulted therefrom. The company are rapidly and per- manently extending their business, and, as the great sanitary appliance of the age, their apparatus is now warmly endorsed and commended by health officers, sanitary engineers, munincipal authorities and experts generally. By its use, the whole sewage of a city or town is purified, at a saving of thousands of dollars, which it would be compelled to expend in conducting the present flow of sewage beyond a point where it would no longer be a source of offence and danger. One million gallons of sewage are clarified in twenty-four hours, while the apparatus can be enlarged or dupUcated on the same plant, to clarify two oi' three millions as well. Their first complete plant is to be in operation at Fitchburg, Mass., about April 1, 1892. The manager, Mr. Asher F, Black, is the inventor and patentee of the system and apparatus, and his supervision of the business insures the success of all operations of the company. A. TUCKER & CO., Manufacturers of Leather Garments, Etc., No. 115 High Street.-The eminent and enterprising house of Messrs. J. A. Tucker <& Co., established their enterprise here in 1880, and have become widely renowned as manufactur- ers of the " Goat Brand " leather jackets, vests, pants, sporting goods and water-proof garments. Both as regards practi- cal experience, perfected facilities and the character of their productions, they stand unrivalled on the continent to-day, and maintain the highest standard of excellence for workmanship and finish, and are justly celebrated for the originality HSm^ and perfection of design of their Goat brand of coats, ulsters, pants, vests, and garments generally for men and boys; calf tennis caps, and ooze calf English walking and riding jackets. They warrant all their garments full sizes and perfect fitting and all , goods to be-" genuine oiled tanned." Every dealer should keep a line of these goods, as the demand is constantly increasing. Professional men, sportsmen, teamsters, car drivers, engineers, firemen, brakemen, switchmen and all railroad men say they are a necessity. Mr. J. A. Tucker, the active member of the firm, is a native Bostonian, and was a member of the shoe manufacturing firm of James Tucker. & Co. for several years, retiring therefrom to enter his present business. LOWRY & CO., Importers of Linen, No. 26 Chauncy Street,— This business was established in 1843 by WiUiam Lowry &Co., who were succeeded in 1S47 by W, and M. Lowry. The latter retired in 1854 and entered upon the same line of business alone, continuing it until 1866, when he was again joined by Mr. William Lowry under the firm style of M. Lowry & Co. The death of Mr. William Lowry took place in 1873, and the business has since been carried on by Mr. M. Lowry without change of the firm name. As linen importers and commission merchants, the firm do a large business, handling such goods as burlaps, buckruras, artists' canvas, sheetings, hoUands, elastic canvas, linen handkerchiefs, towels, etc. The sales of the house are principally to the trade in Massachusetts. Mr. M. Lowry is a native of Ireland, and has lived in Boston ever since his arrival m this country in 1846. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 231 ]OBES, HAYWAED & CO., (Incorporated) Manufacturing Confectioners, Nos. 42 to B3 Chardon Street.— The largest and leading manufacturing confectioners in Boston is the corporation known under the name and style of Fobes, Hay ward & Co., doing business at Nos. 42 to 58 Chardon Street. This enterprise was inaugurated in 1848, by Daniel Fobes & Co., who were succeeded in 1860 by the firm of Fobes, Hay ward & Co. The honored senior partnfer, Mr. J. H. Hay ward, died in I8S5, after a long and cred- itable business career, and the following year a stock company was formed and duly incorporated under the laws of the State of Massachusetts, with a paid-up capital of $150,000, and with A. F. Hay ward, president and treasurer; E. F. Fobes, vice presi- dent; and F. H. Woodward as one of the incorporators. The building occupied for the business contains six stories and a basement, 00 x 125 feet each, with offices and warerooms on the ground floor, and steady employment is given to five hundred skilled hands. The manufactur- ing plant is the finest and best equipped of its kind in New England, and one of the largest in the United States, while the house is engaged in the manuf ac ' ure of the finest grade of goods known to the trade, including plain and decorated creams, raarshmallows. plain and fancy chocolate creams, vanilla chocolates, cream almonds, maccaroons, mixed candies and bon-bons, containing all the rare and exquisite flavors so difficult to obtam in their pristine excellence elsewhere. The management has shown marked enterprise in widening the field of their styles and novelties in flavors, combinations, etc., and confectioners handling these goods can ^meet every taste and fancy in fine and whole- some confectionery. The officers and managers believe in giving the public the best only, and have adopted as their motto, " Not how cheap, but how good." They, consequently, use only the best and choicest of sugars, flavors, extracts, vegetable colors, chocolates, and other ingredients, all manipulated in the most cleanly and scientific manner by their own processes, with the result that purchasers accept their trade-mark as proof of quality, and demand their goods in preference to all others. The trade is conducted exclusively at wholesale, and extends to all parts of the United States and Canada, being large and active in Chicago, as well as in Boston; in Kansas City as well as in Providence, E. I. ; in Portland, Ore., as well as in Portland, Me. ; in St. Louis, St. Paul and San Francisco; in New Orleans, Atlanta and Balti- more, as in Lowell, Lawrence and 'Lynn, Hartford, New Haven and Bridgeport, New York and Philadelphia. President Hayward is an experienced confectioner, and an honored member of the Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Fobes, the vice-president, is a son of Daniel Fobes, and was trained in the business from his early youth. Both gentlemen are Massachusetts men by birth, and stand deservedly high in com- mercial, financial and social circles. IHE MON'UMENT NATIONAL BANK, of Charlestown, Thompson Square. — As a natural result of the industrial and commercial interests of the Charlestown district, her manufacturers and business men have need of the most extended financial facihties, and it is a matter of congratulation that the RIonument National Bank of Charlestown has so long, so ably, and so satisfac- torily met evevy demand of the public, and afforded such a safe and reliable depository to our btisiness men. This bank has had a lengthy and honorable career. It was originally incorporated in 1S&4, and was reorganized under the national banking laws in 186.5. It has a capital stock of 8150,000, and is officered as follows, viz. : President, Amos Stone ; cashier, Warren San- ger. Directors: Amos Stone, Henry C. Eand, Francis Hall, George B. Neal, Warren Sanger and Mark P. Burns. These names are synony- mous with stability and integrity, and their sound discretion and administrative capacity have become generally recognized. In President Stone this community recognizes one of its most substantial and public-spirited citizens, who has done much for the city in various ways. He has been a director of the bank since 1863, and succeeded to the presidency on the death of James O. Curtis in 1891. He gives the bank the benefit of his personal attention, while he is also president of the Charlestown Five Cent Savings Bank, and of the Mutual Protection Fire Insurance Company. The cashier, Mr. Sanger, came to the position upon the retirement of the first cashier, Mr. George L. Foote, Jan. 1, 1866. His long term of service affords substantial evidence of the confidence reposed in him by his associates in the management of the bank. This bank transacts a general business in deposits, loans, collections and exchange; issues drafts, handles commercial paper, loans on good security, and in every legitimate way seeks to advance its customers' best interests. It has accumulated a surplus fund of $160,000.00, with undivided profits approximating $60,000, and has individual deposits amounting to $450,000, while it is well worthy of its ever-increasing measure of strength and usefulness. B. WEIGHT MANUFACTUEING COMPANY, Chemists and Importers, Standard Flavoring Extracts, Perfumes, Toilet Articles, Adhesives, Etc., No. 17 Bowker Street.— The wide-spread and increasing demand for an improved class of flavor- ing extracts and kindi*ed articles has, in the nature of things, resulted in placing upon the market some notably superior goods of the character indicated, of late yeai"s. Some of our leading Boston manufacturers in this line turn out prepara- tions of exceptional excellence, and among these may be named the S. B. Wright Manufacturing Company, chemists and importers, No. 17 Bowker Street, whose productions command extensive sale throughout the United States and Canada. Their Standard flavoring extracts, Wright's everlasting cologne, essential oils. etc. , are noted for purity, choice quality and all other features of merit, being prepared from absolutely pure and select ingredients, in accordance with the most approved methods, and have secured an enduring hold on favor everywhere. They are, in fact, conceded to be unsurpassed by anything of the kind on the market, and are in con- stantly increasing demand. The S. B. Wright Manufacturing Company, of which Mr. L. C. Paul is the efficient manager, was established in 1885, and the signal success that has attended the enterprise from the start abundantly attests the superiority of the goods. The business premises are spacious, commodious and perfectly equippe<>nibay, India. Tiip World Typewriter is made in five styles in single cases, and one style in double case, the prices being $10.00 for single case and $15.00 for double case. They may be had not only in the English language, but also in German, French, Swedish, Italian, Russian and Spanish. Illustrated catalogues containing full information are sent free to any address on application. In addition to handling the World Typewriter the Typewriter Improvement Co. also buy and sell improvements in typewriters and aid typewriter inventors. They are liberal in all dealings, and all communications addressed to P. O. Box 2882, will meet with prompt response. N. HARDY, Artist Photographer, No. 493 Washington Street.— Special complimentary mention is due Mr. A. N. Hardy, one of the oldest as well as one of the foremost exponents of the photographic art in Boston, and his patronage, which extends throughout New England, is very large. Mr. Hardy was born in Maine, but has resided in and around this city for twenty- eight years, his residence being at Somerville. He is an expert photographer of long and varied experience, a man of I • exceptional skill, and is, In a word, thorough master of his art, and has received several prize medals and won the special medal from the National Photo. Association in 1889, the only one that was given to a Boston photographer. Mr. Hardy established himself in business in August, 1863, at No. 202 Washington Street, and later was at No. 22 Winter Street, moving to the present location about fourteen years ago. The quarters here occupied as reception parlor, operating-room, etc., are commodious and fitted up in first-class style, with printing department on the roof embracing a space ot 1000 square feet, and fifteen to twenty competent assistants are employed. Pho- tography in all its branches is executed here in the highest style of the art, and satisfaction is guaranteed, fine portraits being a specialty. gARNABAS CLARKE, Importer of, and Wholesale Dealer in, Wines and Liquors, Also Distillers' Agent, Nos. 148-158 Kneeland Street.— It is now some twenty years since Mr. Clarke established business operations, and during the period intervening he has built up a splendid trade with dealers and consumers in all parts of New England. He is a direct importer of the choic- est foreign wines ana )iquors and transacts a business of considerable value and volume as a distillers' agent. Both a whole- sale and family trade is supplied. The premises occupied wherein Mr. Clarke conducts his business comprise two floors, each 75 X 100 feet in area and appointed in an admirably tasteful manner. An immense stock is carried of foreign and American wines, liquors, cigars and malt beverages, while there is also a department devoted to the sale of pure teas, coffees and spices. The crowning feature of the place, however, is a large ice vault, which was devised and recently built by Mr. Clarke and on which he has applied for a patent. This is the first and only vault of the kind ever constructed. Its dimensions are: height, 12 feet; length, 30 feet; width, 8 feet. It consumes five tons of ice weekly in summer, two tons weekly in winter, and 934 gallons of ales can be stored in this vault in the original packages or fourteen hogsheads of sixty-four gallons each. The interior arrangement is most ingenious, while the exterior presents an ele- gant appearance, the woodwork being of the finest polished cherry. In this vault the following ales, in original packages, are kept on hand : Smith's Philadelphia Ale; Bass' Pale Ale; Bass' No. 1 Strong Burton Ale; McCormick's India Pale Ale; McEwan's Scotch Ale; Highland Spring Ale, and Guinness' Stout. In Mr. Clarke's patent vault these ales are kept in the highest order of excellence. Although born abroad Mr. Clarke has resided in Boston since boyhood. He is a prominent member of the Boston Liquor Dealers' Association and also of the National Liquor Dealers' Association. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. ?|AEIj WEHDE, Manufacturer of Piano Cases, No. 50 Thayer Street.— At the date of Mr. Carl Wehde's embarkation in business, which event occurred in 1881, the scene of his operations was upon Wareham Street, Boston, his removal to the present address, No. 50 Thayer Street, occurring in the year 1884. Mr. Wehde is a manufacturer of piano cases for the trade, his specialty being high-class workmanship. His connection is located in Boston, and comprises a number of the foremost piano manufacturers of the city. The premises occupied by Mr. Wehde consist of a shop, covering an area of 50 x 60 feet, such premises having all the equipments necessary to the successful conduct of a large business, and Mr. Wehde keeps in constant employment a staff of ten assistants. Mr, Wehde is a native of Germany, his residence in this country covering a period of twenty years. L. HOOD, Watchmaker and Jeweler, No. 4 Bromfield Street.— Mr. A. L. Hood is a well-known dealer in watches, jewelry and silverware, and has had seven years' practical experience in this line. He learned the trade of Mr. O. D. Eversou of Whit- man, Mass., and established business on his own account at No. 4 Bromfield Street in 1891. In watches the house has taken the lead in keeping those of the finest movements, including imported chronometers, stop and split seconds and the best of Swiss and American makes, in every variety of plain and fancy gold cases ; also sterling silver watches at such a wide range of prices that every one can be suited. A large stock of jewelry is also kept, notable for the richness and originality of styles, for elaborate workmanship and low prices. Mr. Hood is an expert at repairing watches and jewelry, and keeps several experienced assistants employed. He is a native of South Monson, Mass., and is a resident of Whitman. SDERIC DEXTER & CO., Cotton Buyers, No. 95 Milk Street.—One of the leading firms of cotton buyers in the southern mar- kets for New England mills is that of Messrs. Frederic Dexter & Co. The business was founded in 1884 and has developed an active trade and influential connection with leading New England mills. The firm occupy spacious and commodious quar- ters at No. 95 Milk Street, having all the facilities at command necessitated by the requirements of their trade. No firm in the United States has such desirable connections in the southern cotton markets as this, and none but the best growths are handled by them. Mr. Frederic Dexter has been in the cotton business since the war, alone, and as a member of other fli ms. The firm of Frederic Dexter & Co. is considered as an authority in its line and no house more thoroughly understands the needs of the New England mills than this. The individual members of the firm, Messrs. Frederic Dexter and J. C. Inches, are both natives of Boston and are highly esteemed in business circles. Mr. Dexter served his country in a Boston regiment during the war of the Rebellion. HENRY WHITE, Musical Instruments, Strings, Clarionet Reeds, Etc., Musical Boxes Repaired, No. 89 Court Street. —Mr. J. Henry White has been established since 1869, as a dealer in musical instruments, and has since enjoyed a first-class patron- age. Mr. White has had long and thorough experience at his profession, and is a master hand at repairing and making reed and string instruments of all kinds, such as flutes, clarionets, musical boxes, violins, etc. All work is given the same careful attention, being executed in the most finished manner, while the prices charged are of a uniformly reasonable char- acter. Musical instruments and strings, clarionet reeds, etc., are sold by Mr. White at the smallest margin of profit. Mr. White is a native of Massachusetts, long a resident of Boston. His trade extends throughout the United States and to Halifax and Montreal, and he refers with pride to all the prominent music dealers in the city, as he has done work for all of them. • - _^_J^RIENTAL COFFEE HOUSE COMPANY, " Alhambra," Nos. 11 to 15 Green Street.— The Oriental Coffee House Company was rVj»tf^^ organized in 1881, the officers being: President, O. J. Briggs; treasurer, A. Ybarra; superintendent and general manager, J. ^MK^^M W. Gordon. Mr. Gordon, who is in active charge of affairs, was born in Maine and has resided in Boston the past twenty- ^ " "' three years. He was the originator of the plan of business carried on by this company. This is the combining of a restau- rant, cigar stand and pool and biUiard-room in one, and the idea has proved immensely popular, as it is shown in the great pat> ronage enjoyed, the company's patrons reaching over 2,400 per day, the restaurant being open every day in the week. The great success of this enterprise has been done to the sedulous care exercised by the management in keeping their goods up to the standard. Their prices are extremely moderate when taking into consideration the exquisite quality and flavor of the articles served. Oriental Male Berry Java Coffee sells at two, four and six cents a cup, while their exquisite Yarba Chocolate, from Caracas, comes direct to the house and from 5,000 to 6,000 cups of it are sold every day. A fine bouillon is made her© which is sold for five cents a cup and fifteen cents per quart. The company's headquarters, the " Alhambra," at Nos. 11, 13 and 15 Green Street, have dimensions of 80 x 100 feet, and a seating capacity for 125 persons. The company also own the "Casino," No. 985 Washington Street, the "Branch," No. 10 Columbus Avenue, and the "EI Dorado," at No. 8 Federal Street. About one hundred hands are employed in the four establishments. The menu includes the choicest of everything the market affords cooked under the supervision of a skilled chef. A. HAM, Real Estate and Loans, No. 21 School Street.~One of the best informed real estate agents and brokers in this city is Capt. W. A. Ham, whose office is located at No. 31 School Street. Captain Ham was for [several years chief inspector of the Boston Police Force and has a wide acquaintance and a high repute in business circles. He established himself in the real estate business in 1885, bringing to bear an intimate knowledge of property and values in this community. These ! * qualifications enabled him to promptly secure a large and influential patronage and to carry through to a successful issue many heavy and important transactions. He transacts a general real estate business including the collection of rents, the negotiations of loans on real estate and approved collateral, the investment of money and the management of estates. His knowledge of every section of the city is of that personal character which adds greatly to the value of the advice he offers to his chents. He has a wide circle of patrons and fully sustains an honorable business record in the real estate market of this city. Captain Ham is a native of Maine and is a member of the Pine Tree State Club, of the K. T. of the F. and A. M., and will be found reliable m all his transactions. B. HOUGHTON & CO., Commission Merchants, and Dealers in Foreign and Domestic Fruits, No. 59 Clinton Street.—One of the most noteworthy of the houses in this line opened in 1891, is that of G. B. Houghton & Co. Mr. Houghton, the active proprietor of the business, is a native of Massachusetts and has worked in the fruit and produce market since boyhood, being for several years of the firm of T. J. T. McNear & Co. As a business man he is a hustler, understands fully all the * requirements of the trade, and is painstaking in advancing all the interests of his many patrons. Mr. Houghton carries on a flourishing business as a commission merchant and wholesale dealer and jobber in foreign and domestic fruits of all kinds, making a leading specialty of oranges, lemons, and bananas, of which he disposes of very large quantities. Frequent consignments are being received, the stock always being kept up to the highest standard of completeness and efficiency, and all the demands of the trade are met promptly in the most acceptable manner. Mr. Houghton is a member of the Fruit and Produce Exchange, also of the F. and A.M. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 253 J. MAGDIEE & CO., Military Tailors, No. 243 Washington Street.— The house of P. J. Maguire & Co., which is well-known \T^8^^^k throughout the United States, was founded in 18(i3 by Messrs. Maguire & Jacobs; in 1874 the firm became Maguire & Sulli- «V.SBHKfflw ^.^Q. ij, jgg^ jjf Sullivan retired, when Mr. Maguire became sole proprietor, and has since directed affairs under the firm name of P. J. Maguire & Co. His reputation as an expert custom tailor is second to none, and in his leading specialty of I • army and navy, military, band, police, firemen's and livery work, he stands without a peer. Mr. Maguire has supplied uni- forms for Gov. Ames' staff, Gov. Russell's staff, and bands in all parts of the United States, also for the West Point classes. of from 1878 to 1S88, and in every instance where his talented services have been called into action, the work rendered has proved eminently satisfactory. Employment is found for some seventy-five hands, and fine custom clothing or uniforms are made to order at shortest notice. Mr. Maguire's birthplace was in Ireland, but having lived in Boston for over forty-five years, all his interests are identified with this city. He is an active member of the National Merchants Exchange. OOLEY'S HOTEL, John Howlett. Proprietor, Nos. .57 and 59 Portland Street.— This is an old-time and well-kept hostelry, and occupies a niche in the esteem of the travelling public of moderate means almost entirely its own. It is conveniently located to horse cars to and from all depots passing the door, and is open all night to receive guests. The house accommodates gentlemen only, and has a large patronage, both transient and permanent. The hotel contains sixty commodious, airy, com- fortable rooms, and is neatly furnished throughout, everything being clean, tasteful and inviting. The house is provided with .all modern conveniences, is excellently lighted and perfectly ventilated, and ten or more in help are employed, the pro- prietor exercising close personal supervision over the entire establishment. There is a well-appointed bar and caf6 in connection, "Doo- ley's " being conducted on the European plan, and the liquid refreshments are of the finest brands. The service and attendance are first-class, and the accommodations of a very superior character. The terms are certainly most reasonable, and nowhere else in the city are such excellent lodgings offered at the same figures, the rates for fine single rooms being 50 cents, 75 cents, and $1.00. This well-kno^'n and popular hostelry was established in 1848, where the old Post Office was located on State Street, and in 1859 came into control of Henry Dooley, who conducted it up to 1891, when he was succeeded by John Howlett, the present proprietor, under whose capable and efficient management the business has since been conducted with increased success. lOUIS H. ROSS & CO. Musical Merchandise, No. ii West and No. 6 Mason Streets.— A noted and popular Boston music house, is that of Louis H. Ross & Co., No. 32 West and No. 6 Mason Streets. They are publishers of and dealers in sheet music, nausic books, and general musical merchandise, and are agents for the justly famed Bruno guitar, mandolins and other instruments. The firm, who are successors to the retail department of the W^hite-Smith Music Co.,have a very large and flourishing patronage, their trade, which is both wholesale and retail, extending throughout New England and other sections of the United States. The warerooms are spacious, commodious and well-appointed, and an extensive assortment is constantly kept on hand here, while half a dozen or more clerks and salesmen are employed. The stock, which is of a comprehensive and superior character, embraces the favorite Mathushek & Son pianos, and the Bruno guitars, mandolins etc., zithers, violins, cellos, banjos, and a great variety of musical instruments, popular, clasical and sacred sheet music, both vocal and instrumental, music and instruction books, strings and, in short, every- thing in this line, mail orders receiving immediate attention. Every instrument sold by this responsible firm, is fully warranted, while the very lowest consistent prices are quoted, liberal discounts being offered to teachers, etc. Mr. Ross, who is the sole proprietor, is a native of this city. He is a man of thorough experience in the music line, as well as of entire reliability in his dealings. He established himself in business at No. 3 West Street, in 1886. and about three years later bought out the retail department of the White-Smith Music Co. T. BIRD & CO., Society Stationers and Engravers, No. 28 West Street.— The progenitors of this firm were Messrs. Danforth & Davis, who commenced operations in the spring of 1885, Mr. Davis purchasing the entire business the following year, and conducted it under the firm name of W. W. Davis & Co. After two years of close attention to business, Mr. Davis' health failed, and he was succeeded by the present owner, Mr. M. T. Bird. The business comprises the manufacture of fine station- ery and fancy goods. A heavy and artistie assortment of small leather goods is produced and an important department of their business is high grade copper and steel plate engraving and printing, the specialty being society printing and station- ery. The retail trade area of the store comprises iS x 65 feet, and a staff of sis assistants is constantly maintained. The house to-day is much enlarged, and in a very prosperous condition, standing among the leaders of its kind in the city, owing to the strict attention to busi- ness, unremitting energy, and indomitable perseverance of Mr. Bird. S. CROWN & CO., Watches, Clocks, Diamonds and Jewelry, No. 186 Washington Street.— A prosperous Boston house main- taining an excellent reputation for the liberality of its management, is that of W. S. Crown & Co. The business was founded in 1883 by Messrs. W. S. Crown and C. S. Hart, the co-partnership continuing up to 1888, when the former retired, and Mr. Hart has since remained in sole possession. He employs ten assistants, four being traveling representatives, and the active, large trade that has been developed extends all over the New England States. The premises occupied for busi- ness headquarters are equipped with burglar proof safes, and all conveniences requisite for the handling of stock and trade. The heavy supply of goods constantly carried embraces a choice assortment of gold and silver watches, parlor clocks, diamonds and other valuable gems, and jewelry in profuse variety, all of the best workmanship and most reliable manufacture. Mr. Hart is a native of New York, and has resided in Boston twenty-two years. For eighteen years of this time he carried on a drug business in this city. Mr, Hart is a prominent Mason, a member of the American Legion of Honor, also of the Order of United Friends. jASKINS & MONTAGUE, Commission Merchants, Cotton, Wool, Hides. Etc., No. 309 Atlantic Avenue.— One of the oldest among the most prominent of the liouses engaged in this line is that of Messrs. Haskins & Montague, which was originally founded in 1853 by Messrs. Pierce & Haskins, the firm becoming Haskins & Co., in 1854, and Haskins & Montague in 1859. In February, 1889, Jtr. Montague retired, when the present firm was organized, the co-partners being Mr. Horace Haskins, his son. Mr. Charles E. Haskins, and Mr. Charles E. Joslin. The senior member of the firm is a native of Vermont, but has resided in Boston since 1852, and has long been identified with the commercial progress and prosperity of the community. His son, Mr. Charles E. Haskins, was born in Charlestown, and Mr. Joslin hails from New Hampshire, and came to this city in 1867. The building occupied by the firm was erected in 1875 for their special uses, and it possesses an area of 6,000 square feet, the frontage on Atlantic Avenue being 140 feet. The firm are general commission merchants in domestic cotton, southern wool and hides, and general dealeis in scrap-iron, metals, rubber and paper makers' supplies. 254 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. ILES &. THOMPSON, Publishers, Importers and Dealers in Foreign and American Sheet Music, No. 13 West Street.— Messrs. Miles & Thompson are publishers, importers and dealers in foreign and American sheet music, and their trade, which is both wholesale and retail, is very large, extending throughout the United States. They carry on hand always, a vast and varied assortment, including all the standard publications, both vocal and instrumental, and make a specialty of selections for teachers and colleges. Their stock of piano, organ and sacred music is of a most comprehensive character, best foreign edi- tions being a leading specialty, and particular attention is given to mail orders. The firm occupy two commodious floors, which are well ordered and neatly arranged, and a staff numbering thirteen is employed. They publish classic and popular sheet mus: their printing done by contract. Catalogues are furnished upon application and all orders are attended to in the most prompt and trust- worthy manner, while the prices quoted are exceptionally low, liberal inducements being offered to the trade. This flourishing business was established about eighteen years ago by Arthur P. Schmidt & Co., whose retail department, in July, 1889, passed into control of the present proprietors. Messrs. Jonas M. Miles and Charles W. Thompson, the individual members of the firm, are natives of this city, and both gentle- men are thoroughly conversant with the wants of the trade. OLL & RICHARDS, Fine Arts, No. 3 Park Street.— A representative and reputable fine art store is that owned and controlled by Messrs. Doll & Richards. The foundation of the concern occurred during the year 1839, the present proprietors succeeding John Sowle. In 1866 the business title of the firm became Hendrickson, Doll & Richards and during the continuity of 1871, the name as used at present was a.'opted ; the existing condition of affairs coming into operation in 1880. The business is that of importers of and wholesale and retail dealers in works of art; the trade of the house extending all over the United States. The firm carries a large stock of etchings, engravings, oil paintings, water color drawings, etc., and an important department of the business is that devoted to a trade in original American paintings; the house handling none but the very highest class productions. The premises occupied comprise a large and commodious store, well equipped and located, covering a ground area of 50 x 75 feet, arid a staff of twenty-five employees is maintained. The sole proprietorship and the major proportion of the management of the business devolves upon Mr. J. D. Richards, who has devoted the greater part of his life to this trade. He is a native of this city and a prominent member of the Boston Art Club. IT. JAMES HOTEL, E. F. Mclntire, Manager, Nos. 69 and 71 Beach Street.— The St. James Hotel has been fovmded many years and has always borne the enviable reputation for excellence it now holds. Since the date of the establishment of the house its proprietorship has passed through many hands, the present conditions having come into operation during the currency of the year 1891, when Mr. E. F. Mclntire took charge. The house contains thirty neat, clean rooms, excellently furnished and appointed; the charges for which vary from 75 cents to $1.50 per day. The patronage of the establishment is made up chiefly of the better class of drummers and traveling salesmen visiting the city, and the management caters to a transient trade, the hotel being open all night. Every modern convenience is in constant use, and evei-y care for the insurance of the comfort of guests is zealously exercised, a staff of ten able assistants being maintained. Patrons of the hotel are enthusiastic in their appreciation of the choice wines, Uquors and cigars provided. Mr. Mclntire is a native of Maine, and a middle-aged man of lengthy and continuous expe- rience in his business. His residence in Boston covers a lengthy period. E. WOODWARD & CO., Druggists, No. 52 Bromfield Street.— The pharmacy conducted by Messrs. C. E. Woodward & Co. was founded in November, 1886, by the present proprietors, Messrs. C. E. Woodward and F. Gilbert. Mr. Woodward is a nativeof Boston, born in the Roxbury district, and learned the pharmacists' profession in the drugstore of his father, Mr. W. E. Woodward, who was for many years engaged in the drug trade. Before the present firm was organized Mr. C. E. * Woodward was for ten years a member of the firm of Woodward Brothers, his partner being bis brother, Mr. H. E. Wood- ward. Mr. Gilbert was born in Maine, but has lived in Boston the greater part of his Uf e, having come here forty-four years ago, when but eight years old. He has had thirty-seven years' experience in the drug trade, and for a long time was employed in the establishment of William E. Woodward. The store occupied is of commodious proportions and admirably fitted up throughout, while it is filled with an immense stock of proprietary medicines, toilet and fancy goods, fresh drugs, pure chemicals, herbs, roots, pharmaceutical specialties, surgical appliances, physicians'' supplies, liquors for medicinal purposes, etc. A staff of twelve assistants is employed, and particular attention is given to the compounding of physicians' prescriptions, which are put up at an inunense reduction from the regular drugstore price, while accuracy is assured in every instance. JO-OPERATIVE FARM AGENCY, Real Estate Bought, Sold and Exchanged, Clark & Hazeltine, Managers, No. 178 Washing- ton Street.— The inception of this concern dates from 1885, the projectors being Messrs. C. Hazeltine & Son, who adopted the trade-name of the Co-Operative Farm Agency. In 1888 Mr. Hazeltine's son retired and Mr. Sidney P. Clark was admitted to partnership. Mr. Hazeltine is a native of Vermont, and was for some time engaged in the tannery industry in that State. He has long resided in Boston, and for five years before embarking in his present venture, carried on operations as a stock broker at No. 178 Devonshire Street. Mr. Clark is a native of Massachusetts. Both gentlemen possess a thorough knowledge of the value of realty in both city and country, and make a leading specialty of farm and suburban property, buying and selling houses, lots or farms in any part of New England. They also place insurance in any company desired, through the agency of John C. Paige. Loans are negotiated at favorable rates on bond or mortgage security, and careful attention given to all branches of the real estate business. W. RICE& CO., Manufacturers and Commission Merchants, "Dry Goods and Notions, No. 109 Kingston Street.— At the date of the inception of the business owned and controlled to-day by Messrs. A. W. Rice & Co., of No. 109 Kingston Street, the name of the firm was Coleman, Mead & Co., formerly Lewis, Coleman & Co., the company being represented by the chief pai-tner in the house under review. The scene of the early operations of the projectors of the business was upon Federal * Street, but, in 1889, in which year Mr. Rice retired from the firm of Coleman, Mead & Co. to establish the present busi- ness, the quarters at present in occupation by the house were taken up. Messrs. Rice & Co. are commission merchants and jobbers, the goods handled being chiefly dry goods and notions, the specialty being small wares and ladies' and gents' furnishings. The Bos- ton premises consist of the entire second floor of the building. They are excellently equipped and suitably managed, and cover a superficial area of 10,000 square feet. The firm owns also two large dry goods stores at Waltham and Warren, Mass., and employs a staff of over forty assistants. The control and possession of the business reposes mainly in Mr. A. W. Rice, a gentleman of the soundest business ability and judgment. He is a native of Hardwick, Mass., resides at Newton, and during 1888 and 1889 he served as a member of the City Government of that place, decHning renomination on the completion of his term of office. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 355 I RTHUE BENJ. BROWNE, Analytical and Consulting Chemist, Assayer, and Mining Engineer, No. 119 Water Street.— Experi- mental and practical chemistry has in recent years made very rapid progress, not alone in the domains of art, but in imme- diate relation to mining and manufacturing, the old rule of thumb methods giving place, with an ever-increasing speed, to scientific systems of production, to the manifest advantage of the entire community. This calls, in increasing degree, for the services of the consulting and analytical chemist, such gentlemen as Mr. Arthur Benjamin Browne, whose training has been of a thorough character, and whose studies have rendered them really highly qualified, being in exceptionally strong request. Practicing for four years with Dr. Smith, the state assayer, Mr. Browne has had unexcelled opportunities of acquiring a complete mastery of his profession, and has availed himself of these with so great assiduity and with such eminently satisfactory results, that he has obtained an enviable recognition and is much sought by the more progressive manufacturers of Boston and its vicinity, as well as mine owners from all parts of the country. The conducting of tests and experiments, and the making of assays in all branches of chemical manufacture, and in any factory or mining works where chemicals play or should play a part, comes within the range of Mr. Browne's professional duties. The professional business was established in 1888, with headquarters at No. 119 Water Street, and has met with a success which places its proprietor among the most eminent consulting chemists of Boston. He is a young man born in Cambridge where he now resides. ] ILLIAM F. LOW, Manufacturer and Dealer in all kinds of Oils, Steamship and Engineers' Supplies, No. 24 India Square.— This widely-known establishment was founded eighteen years ago by the present owner, and his subsequent success is well- known to the trade, the influential and permanent patronage that has been developed being derived from all over the New England States. Mr. Low cari-ies on an active trade as a manufacturer and dealer in all kinds of lubricating and machinery oils, steamship and engineers' supplies. Only the best and most reliable products are handled, v/hile all goods are sold under a guarantee to be exactly as represented, no competition being ever entered into with low grade and inferior oils, which very soon show their injurious effects on machinery. The largest orders are filled with ease and facility, and the wants of all classes of trade met with success. Mr. Low is a native Bostonian, and is a merchant of entire reliability in his dealings. [|OHN W. SHAW & CO., Real Estate Agents and Mortgage Brokers, Nos. 194 Washington, 29 Devonshire and 14 State Streets.— John W. Shaw & Co., cbnducta general business as real estate agents, buying, selling, leasing and making exchanges; and also do a large business as brokers in the negotiation of mortgages. They are well posted in regard to real estate values, and in their specialty of placing mortgages have more than ordinary advantages. The firm is composed of Mr. John W. Shaw and Mr. Jas. M. Shaw, and was established in 1862, in their present business. Previously they were commission mer- chants in cotton and rice, that line of business having been commenced by Mr. John W. Shaw in 1846. He was joined in it by Mr. Jas. M. Shaw in 1865, their location being on Milk Street. Since the war they have confined their attention to real estate affairs. The senior member of the firm is a native of New Hampshire, his partner was born in Maine. H. LONG, Practical Machinist, No. 164 High Street.— Of the practical machinists in Boston who have made a reputation for skill and ability, none stands higher than J. H. Long, who established his enterprise three years ago, and who brought thorough practical skill to bear in his management of affairs. The trade has steadily grown, and now the services of thirty expert workmen are required to keep up with the orders constantly coming in. The premises used comprise two floors, each 50 x 100 feet in area, supplied with ample steam power, and completely equipped with the most superior machinery and facilities for insuring rapid and perfect work. Mr. Long gives his close personal attention to general machine work, all kinds of experimenting, model making, etc., and to the repairing of light and heavy machinery, marine and stationary engines, etc^ Designs and plans for machinery of every kind are executed in the most accurate and reliable manner, and machines aiid r.-.eubanical appli- ances of every description are constructed in the highest style of the art. Mr. Long is a native of this Stat© auii resides at Melrose, and is popularly known in trade circles. M. THXJRLOW, Suspender Webs, No. 42 Thayer Str-eet.- This business was founded in J888 by tha American Webbing Com- pany, the scene of that firm's operations being the present address; Mr. Thurlow's succession to the control of the concern occurring in 1891. The business is the manufacture of suspender webs of all kinds as a specialty, and a general line of elastic webbing; which goods the house disposes of throughout the entire United States. The selling agents of the concern are the * E. Reed Goodrich Manufacturing Company, of Newport, R. I., which house furnishes all the material used by Mr. Thurlow in his business. The premises wherein the gentleman conducts his business consist of a shop, covering a superficial area of 5,600 feet; the same being appointed with every necessary adjunct of the industry, a powerful volume of steam included. Mr. Thurlow is a practical workman hailing from the State of Maine. He has been a resident in Boston during a period of ten years and is a prominent member of the F. and A. M. |URNER & BROWN, Boots, Shoes, Slippers and Rubbers, No. 136 Court Street.— An establishment that has passed through an honorable career of a half century, during which period it has supplied an extensive trade all throughout New England, is the wholesale and retail shoe emporium of Turner & Brown, whose headquarters are at No. 136 Court Street, this city, with branch store at No. 164 Court Street, and who also have branches at Keene, N. H., and Lowell, Mass. The firm handle the entire products of several factories, furnishing the capital to cover the cost of manufacture. The business of this widely-known house was founded some fifty years ago, by Mr. Geo. E. Turner, on Merrimac Street, and conducted by him under the firm title of Geo. E. Turner & Co. Thirty-flve years ago a removal to the present quarters was made. In 1877, Mr. Oran Brown. who had worked in the establishment for six years prior to that, was admitted to partnership, and in 1891 the firm name of Turner & Brown ■was adopted. Mr. Turner has now reached an advanced age of life, and the active management of the business devolves upon Mr. Brown. Both gentlemen are natives of New Hampshire, but have resided in Boston since boyhood. Their stores contain heavy stocks of the choie. est goods in boots, shoes, slippers and rubbers of every description, in all grades, sizes, and styles. D. BROWN & SON, Cotton Buyers, No. .35 Congress Street.- One of the well-knoTvn houses engaged in this line, is that of Messrs. A. D. Brown & Son. The senior member of this firm is one of the oldest and most experienced cotton men in Bos- ton, having been identified with the cotton iatei.est for upward of a half century. From 1840 to 1868 he was connected with a number of cotton mills, holding various positions, the last capacity served in by him being that of treasurer. He is prom- ' inently known to the trade and is recognized as an expert judge and buyer of cotton. Mr. Brown established his present business in 1868 and in 1877 admitted to partnership his son, Mr. L. M. Brown, who is also possessed of a thorough knowledge of the cotton trade, and is a business man of enterprise and ability. The firm are ;buyers for New England cotton manufacturers and possess unexcelled facilities for promptly meeting the requirements of the trade. 256 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, CQMMBRCE AND LITERATURE. jAGOP BOGIGIAN & CO., Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Rare and Artistic Persian and Turkish Rugs, Antique Silver Jewelry and Brass Goods, Art Fabrics and Hangings, Corner of Park and Beacon Streets.— Messrs. Hagop Bogigian & Co. are importers, wholesale and retail dealers in Persian and Turkish rugs, antique silver jewelry, brass goods, art fabrics, hangings, etc. The firm are the largest importers in their line in the city and carry an immense stock in all depart- ments, the assortment of Oriental rugs being especially large and attractive. Many of these goods are exceedingly rich and beautiful, adapted to the highest class of trade. The local business of the firm is lar^e and they also send goods all over the United States. The warehouse is a spacious double store, 50 x 100 feet in dimensions, with basement one-half the size. The establishment is very elegantly fitted up and the display of rare and curious articles, rich fabrics, etc. , is exceedingly brilliant. Mr. Bogigian is a native of Turkey, but has lived in this country for thirteen years and established this business at its present location in 1885. He makes yearly trips to the Orient and personally selects the fabrics, etc., for which his house is so deservedly popular. G. BRIDGE & CO., Commission Merchants, Dealers in Hides, Calf Skins and Sheep Skins, No. 45 N. Market and 11 Ferry Street. — One of the representative establishments which convincingly demonstrates the mercantile supremacy of this city, is that of Messrs. J. G. Bridge & Co., located at No. 45 N. Market and No. 11 Ferry Streets, who are extensive dealers in hides, calf skins, and sheep skins. The house was founded by Messrs. C. M. Barrett & Co., in 1878 at No. 220 Congress Street, and in November, 1890 the present proprietors succeeded to the control. The premises occupied are spacious and commodious, and every convenience and facility is at hand for the transaction of a large and active business, and no similar concern in the city is more thoroughly prepared for taking proper care of its extensive and still growing interests. The house commands all the advantages that are naturally accumulated through long years of identification with a business, and is thus enabled to render the most valu- able service to those who commit their interest to its care. The firm receive some goods on commission, but buy direct mostly. They buy green hides and pack and salt for the tanner and a splendid stock of these products is constantly carried, carefully selected from the best sources of supply by a member of the firm, and calculated to command the attention of careful and discriminating buyers. The trade,. which is constantly increasing, extends to all the New England States. Its resources are large and ample, its facilities are unsurpassed, and its connections the most influential, while the substantial inducements it offers to the trade cannot readily be duplicated elsewhere. Mr. J. G. Bridge, the active member of the firm, is a n.ative of Massachusetts, is Past Regent of R. A., Past Master of F. and A. M. and Past Grand Master of I. O. O. F., and has held all the offices in the K. of H. He is accounted among those young, vigorous and progressive business. men upon whom the continued development of the city rests. i p S§ \m^ R. SEYMOUR M. VAN ALSTINE, Trusses, Etc., No. 106 Tremont Street.— The alleviation and cure of physical defoi-mities, weaknesses, and defects, by the use of scientific appliances and instruments, is made a specialty of by Dr. Seymour M. Van Alstine. He has in stock a large assortment of the latest novelties in trusses, patent cork pads, special applications for every variety of hernia, abdominal supporters, elastic stockings, knee caps and anklets; rubber bandages for relief of varicose veins, inflamed and weak joints, ladies' special appliances for abdominal weekness, instruments for curvature of spine- club feet, bow legs, knock knees, etc.; improved shoulder braces, magnetic belts, crutches, suspensory bandages, syringes, hearing instruments, etc. Appliances are made to oi-der for special cases. Dr. Van Alstine gives special attention to rupture, in the treatment of which he is eminently successful. He established this business in 1876, and in 1879, the firm of Van Alstine & Howe was organized, the sale of optical goods being added. In 1888, the partnership was dissolved, Dr. Van Alstine retaining the truss business; Mr. Howe that in optical goods, and a division of the premises was made. The business was originally located under Tremont Temple, but removed to the present place in 1880. Dr. Van Alstine was born in New York State, coming to Boston in 1876. He is thoroughly conversant with his profession and seems to have inherited his ability, his father, grandfather and great-grandfather having all been skilled practitioners. AGE'S TRUNK DEPOT, No. 638 Washington Street.— The best known trunk manufacturer and dealer in the city of Boston is Mr. O. F. Sage, proprietor of Sage's Trunk Depot, and the establishment has patrons in all parts of the country. This busi- ness was founded in 1863, near the present address, a removal being made here in 1876. Mr. Sage has therefore had ample experience "in his vocation. The superior quality of his products have won for them an enviable reputation. The premises occupied comprise a four-story building having four floors, each 50x75 feet [in dimensions. The first floor is used as a salesroom, the remaining floors for manufacturing purposes. These floors are equipped with the most improved machin- ery, driven by steam power. Fifty hands are employed. The products include ladies' and gentlemen's trunks, travelling and shopping bags, fancy leather goods and tourists' articles of every description, a leading specialty being made of basket trunks. A heavy stock is carried. 1^ ^^ Q. ADAMS & CO., Subscription Books, No. 35 Bromfleld Street.— This firm handle a number of valuable works, and have a trade extending all throughout the New England States, furnishing employment to one hundred agents in the various tribu- tary sections. The business of this establishment was founded in 1866, by Messrs. Adams & Curran, at No. 48 Winter Street, the firm afterward becoming Adams, Putnam & Co., and seven years since a removal to the present quarters was made. Mr. J. Q. Adams, two years ago, became sole proprietor, adopting the firm name of J. Q. Adams & Co. The premises occu- pied are amply commodious and contain a full supply of the publications handled. These include the following works: Webster's International Dictionary, subscription edition, 'Encyclopasdia Britannica, The American Nation, The Standard Atlas of the World, Teachers' Bible, subscription edition. The Royal Gallery of Poetry and Art, Masters of the Situation, The Best Family Bibles, The Best Family Encyclopaedia of Medicine, The Best Line of Albums. A leading specialty is made of the Webster International Dictionary, a successor to the- authentic unabridged, and which is published by G. & C. Merriam & Co., of Springfield, Mass. Mr. Adams is sole agent for Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts. Rhode Island and Connecticut. The book is sold only through canvassers, for cash or on easy install, ments. Mr. Adams is a native of New York State, but has long resided in Boston. He is a member of the G. A. R., and has an excellent war record, having served in the war as a non-commissioned officer of the 147th Regiment, New York Volunteer Infantry, and captain of the 30th U. S. C. Troops. jRTHUR H. PRAY, Diamonds, Etc., No. .376 Washington Street.— Though but a comparatively short time established as a dealer, Arthur H. Pray, diamond merchant and importer of precious stones. No. .376 Washington Street, has built up an extensive trade. He was for many years with The Morse Diamond Cutting Co.— known throughout the world— and about two years ago embarked in the present line alone, the venture proving a highly successful enterprise from the start. Thfr quarters occupied by him as oflice and salesroom (on the second floor) are compact, ample and well appointed, and an exceedingly fine assortment is constantly kept on hand here of diamonds and other gems. Orders from the trade are filled in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner, and the very lowest prices consistent with quality of goods are quoted, while cutting, polish- ing and mounting are attended, likewise, at short notice, in first-class style. Mr. Pray is a native of Boston, and a practical and expert diamond cutter and polisher. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 2S7 ECKFORD'S PHOTO. STUDIO, No, 43 Winter Street.— A leading establishment in this line in Boston is Beektord's Photo. Studio. This house was established over twenty years ago and was conducted £or some years by the Chickering Photo. Com- pany ,who were succeeded by the present proprietor in 1S88. The establishment is now one ot the best in the country, and the fine quality and low prices of its productions in crayon, pastel, water colors, India ink and oil portraits are unsurpassed by any other house in New England. Fine portrait work is a specialty, and the most admirable facilities are possessed for pro- ducing work of the highest character. Four assistants are employed. Mr. D. C. Beckford is a native of the Isle of Jamaica, vho came to Boston twenty years ago and was with the Chickering Photo. Company for several years. OSTON BRASS ANDIRON AND POLISHING COMPANY, Manufacturers of Brass Andirons, No. 78 Kingston Street.— Prominent among the successful business enterprises of this city may be mentioned that of the Boston Brass Andiron and Polishing Company, ot which Mr. A. Pearce is the popular proprietor. The business was founded by Mr. Pearce in 1883 on Hawkins Street and was moved to the present location in 1888, which is fully equipped with every convenience and facihty, and employment is furnished to a corps of skilled workmen. All kinds of polishing is done here in a highly satisfactory manner, and the goods manufactured are in great demand by the trade. Mr. Pearce is agent for C. Bucholtz's wrought L fireplace trimmings. He is a native and resident ot Boston, and is an able and experienced manufacturer. He is a practical brass finisher- and has personal supervision over all the details of the business. ALKINSHAW & VOIGHT, Commission Merchants in Woolens, Thomas P. West, Manager, No. 56 Summer Street.— So important is the trade ot this house that many out of town houses find it profitable to be represented here. One of the leading concerns of the number is that of Walkinshaw & Voight, whose headquarters are at Nos. 47 and 49 Worth Street, New York, and whose Boston branch is at No. 56 Summer Street. This branch, which supplies the firm's New England cus- tomers, was opened four years ago, and for the past two years has been under the management of Mr. Thomas P. West, who has had many years' e.'vperieuce in this line of trade. Messrs. Walkinshaw & Voight are selling agents for the Lippitt Mills and Thorndale Mills, ot Rhode Island; the Corona Mills, of Philadelphia; and S. and G. of Austria. Mr, West personally represents the- foUowing firms: W. E. Tillotson, Pittsfield, Mass; W. H. Crawford, woolen manufacturer, Hicks Bros., manufacturers' agents, and M. Arnold & Co., all of New Y'ork City. Both foreign and domestic woolens are handled, a heavy stock is always kept, and orders are filled at shortest notice upon the most acceptable terms. JHEELER BROTHERS, Children's Lace Caps, Hats and Cloaks and Suits, No. 544 AVashington Street.— Messrs. Tuch Brothers are represented in Boston by Mr. George H. Wheeler and N. C. Wheeler at No. 544 Washington Street. This branch was opened here eighteen months ago and has built up an extensive and steadily increasing trade throughout its territory, com- prising the New England States. The trade-mark adopted by Messrs. Tuch Brothers is widely recognized by the trade everywhere, as the sure guarantee of uniform excellence and exquisite taste, while the firm conform their claim to leader- ship by originating exclusive new styles, which are accepted by the Site as en rSgle, and to which the homage of the trade is rendered by close imitation. The Messrs. Tuch are leading authorities as designers and manufacturers ot children's fine lace hats and caps; there are few their equals, none their superiors. They select their materials with the utmost care, having special fine grades of lace made by the thousand yards to their order, so that their special brand is always a standard of quality, fashion, fit and fabric. They are also agents for fine cloaks and suits. Messrs. G. H. and N. C. Wheeler are natives of Maine and residents of this city for the past twenty-three- years, and are yoimg men of wide business experience, tried ability and personal worth. AC DONALD BROTHERS, Manufacturers of Awnings, Tents,Flags, Etc., No. 168 Lincoln Street.— The pushing and prosperous firm whose name heads this sketch, was established in 1889, and from the start has been steadily growing in favor and pat- ronage. The MacDonald Brothers turn out a distinctly superior class of work, being not surpassed in this respect by any in their line in Boston. Every article made by them is warranted as to workmanship and material, while their awnings, tents, flags, etc.. are noted for beauty ot design and pleasing effect. Messrs. Alexander and G. Archibald MacDonald, were born in Prince Edward's Island, and have been in this city for a number of years. They are both thoroughly practical and expert workmen, and are masters of their art in its every detail. The quarters occupied by the firm are well-equipped, and a large flrst- class assortment ol awnings, canopies, water-proof wagon covers, tents, fiags. lawn tennis specialties and canvas goods in quite a variety being constantly kept in stock, and halt a dozen skilled hands are employed. Fancy -window and door awnings for cottages, etc., English and American flags, banners, lawn canopies, wall and camping tents, wagon covers, etc., are manufactured to order here, also, in the most prompt and excellent manner, while carpets are covered tor dinner parties, etc., and canopies, tents, etc., furnished tor all occasions, at short notice and very moderate terms. M. WADE, Real Estate Agent and Auctioneer, No. 10 Tremont Street.— There is perhaps not one among the many solid citi- zens of Boston engaged in the handling of realty who is better kno-vvn or stands higher in public esteem than J. M. Wade, He is a general real estate agent and auctioneer, and enjoys a large and influential patronage, numbering in his clientele some of the most extensive property owners in the country. Mr. Wade is a native of Charlestown, and ot large experience in the purchase, sale, leasing and renting of houses, stores and land, and prior to embarking in business on his own account in 1870, had been associated with a Mr. Porter for several years. He bears a creditable war record, too, serving in the U. S. Navy, in the Gulf Squadron during the " late unpleasantness," and is an active member ot Abraham Lincoln Post, G. A. R,, of Charlestown. Mr. Wade is prepared to engage in all classes of business as .above indicated, including the buying, selling and exchanging of city and country property, and gives personal attention to the management ,ot estates and the collection of rents. Mortgages are negotiated, likewise, and loans effected, while insurance is placed with responsible fire companies and sales at auction conducted at any part of the State at short notice. HE DREWSEN FRENCH CLEANSING AND DYEING COMPANY, No, 32 West Street.— One of the foremost concerns in Boston in this line is that of The Drewsen Fi-ench Cleansing and Dyeing Company. This enterprise was founded in the Spring of 1891, and has had a wonderful growth in the time it has been in existence. Mr. Drewsen is thoroughly skilled and practi- cal, having been for years engaged in the industry. The company have opened some 200 agencies in all parts of New Eng- land, Their extensive dyeworks are located at Watertovra, Mass., and are equipped with superior machinery, driven by steam power, and employment is found for a large force of operatives. Goods of all kinds are cleansed and dyed in the best manner, at shortest notice, being returned in less than a week if desired. Dresses are dyed and cleansed without ripping, blankets and curtains cleansed, shine is removed from coats, vests or trousers without extra charge, while the company also have a first-class laundry run in connection with the dyeing establishment, in which clothes are washed and ironed after the French method. 358 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. S. POTTER, Representing tlie Edison Electric Illuminating Company of Boston, No. 9 Quincy Row.— For a term of three pros- perous years Mr. J. S. Potter has been established in business. He is an electric light expert and he has charge of 4,000 to 5,000 lights of the Edison Electric Illuminating Company's plant forthe downtown district. He has been engaged for fifteen years in the business of supplying steam power for working the elevators of no less than thirty city stores. He employs a staff of fifteen skilled assistants in the electric line and he owns an engine of 150-horse power and a boiler of lOO-horse power capacity. The business premises occupied by the gentleman comprise one floor covering an area of 1,500 feet. The same are excellently managed and in the matter of equipment they are perfect, every necessary improvement designed to facilitate the conduct of a heavy volume of transactions being employed, including telephone connection, the telephone number being 2,985. Mr. Potter is a native of Massachusetts. S. BURKE, Authorized United States Claim Agent, No. 50 School Street. — Under the liberal terms of the new pension law all soldiers disabled in any way from full performance of manual labor, regardless of the origin of disability, are entitled to pensions; also widows and dependents. Mr. Burke is an authorized United States claim agent, and prior to estabUshmg himself in business here in 1887 had had eight years' experience in the Pension Office at Washington. He is a man of entire probity of character, as well as thorough experience, being an expert in pension matters, and all interests entrusted to him are certain to be attended to in the most careful, capable and satisfactory manner. Mr. Burke, who is a native of a creditable war record himself, serving in the Rebellion from June 1861 to July 1864, during which he shared the checkered the Twelfth Massachusetts Volunteers. He has a branch office in Washington, and enjoys exceptional facilities for securing for clients, while he gives advice free. P. RICHARDSON, Marine and Stationary Engines and Boilers, Steering Wheels, Propellers, Shafts, Bearings, Etc., No. 392 Atlantic Avenue.— Mr. A. P. Richardson deals in new and second-hand marine and stationary engines and boilers; also steering wheels, propellers, shafts, bearings, etc. The repairing of all such machinery is a specialty to which careful atten- tion is given. Mr. Richardson is a skilled practical machinist and engineer, and is also an expert in steam and gas fitting I* and plumbing, and gives particular attention to yacht plumbing in all its branches. Mr. Richardson was formerly with J- H. Maginley, in Post Office Square, and has been established in business on his own account about one year. He is a young man, and was born in Boston. M. CUNDALL, Manufacturer of Piano Covers and Scarfs, No. 43 West Street.— This well-known gentleman established business as importers' agent in Irish and English linen for housekeeping and art purposes in 1887. In 1889 he added to the business that of manufacturing piano covers and scarfs. His ti'ade, both wholesale and retail, is extensive and constantly increasing. He is a selling agent for New York importers. He keeps a full assortment of samples of linen and is thoroughly ' experienced in this business, possessing a complete knowledge of the wants of the trade. He was with the T. D. Whitney & Co. linen store for fifteen years, and is a thoroughly reliable business man. Retailers and jobbers throughout New England will do well to call on Mr. Cundall and examine his goods and prices before leaving orders elsewhere. His stock of material for piano covers and scarfs is complete, and he has displayed some elegant ones handsomely embroidered in new and original patterns. Mr. Cundall is a native of Connecticut and a resident of Readville, Mass. 1 W. BABCOCK & CO., Independent Illuminating Oils, No. 4 Custom House Street.— At the date of the inception of the busi- ness prosperity of Messrs. F. W. Babcock & Co., having its Boston office at No. 4 Custom House Street, the sole quarters of the house were located in Providence, R. I., at the present time the head center of the business. The date of the foundation of the house occurred in the year 1883, the establishment of the Boston branch taking place just two years ago. Messrs. Babcock & Co. are dealers in independent illuminating oils, and the connection of the concern embraces within its sphere the entire section of New England. The ban-eling stations of the house are located in Somerville, Mass., Providence, R. I., Lowell, Mass., and New ilaven, Conn., and the storage capacity of the concern is 5,000 barrels at the former. The original location of the business premises of the house was No. 153 Milk Street. Some time ago, however, more commodious quarters became a matter of absolute necessity, and the existing address was taken up. Teleplioue connection, the number of the house being 1424r4. Mr. Babcock is a native of Rhode Island. He is a member of the Boston Oil Trade Association, and prior to entering upon the business of his present enterprise he was actively identified with the firm of J. L. Pierce, of Providence, R. I. 1 1 ^ iOYT & TRIPP, Mechanical Draughtsmen, Pattern and Model Makers, Turning, Jig, Band and Circular Sawing, No. 17 Chardon Street. — Messrs. Hoyt & Tripp, mechanical draughtsmen, pattern and model makers, certainly rank among the foremost representatives of the branches of art indicated in this city, and have a large and flattering patronage throughout New Eng- land, and turn out a distinctly superior class of work, special attention being given to the construction of machine patterns and working models. Messrs. F. A. Hoyt and B. F. Tripp, the individual members of the firm, are natives of New Hampshire and Maine respectively. Both are men of exceptional skill and thorough experience. They have been established in busi- ness as at present about four years, and from the first have been rapidly pushing their way to the front. They occupy a floor 60 x 70 feet, with steam power, all the latest improved appHances, tools and appurtenances, including electric light, and employ eight expert hands, theirs being the very best equipped establishment of the kind in this city. 'Patterns and models of every description are designed and made in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner, while turning, jig, band and circular sawing is done also in flrst-class style at short notice. ILSON & SILSBY, Sailmakers, Nos. .330 to 338 Atlantic Avenue.— This business was founded in 1884 by Mr. Adrian Wilson, who came here from Port Jefferson, N. Y., his native place, for that purpose. Mr. Wilson has been familiar with the sail- making trade since youth, his father having been engaged in the industry at Port Jefferson from 1836 up to the time of his death, when his sons succeeded him. Two years ago Mr. Wilson admitted to partnership Mr. Frederick S. Silsby, a native of Maine, who has resided here the past six years, and who is also a skilled practical sailmaker. The flrm employ some twentiy- flve hands, and occupy premises having an area of .5.000 square feet. Messrs. Wilson & Silsby make sails of every variety, but leading specialty of the manufacture of yacht sails, in wliich line they have done notable work, having made the sails for the follow- sloops— the Gloriana, make ing: in schooners— the Volunteer, Gitana, Mohican, Sea Fox, Fortuna. O Euone, Rebecca, Phantom,.Foan)e and Frolic Gossoon, Beatrix, Mineola, Oweene, Sayonara, Saracen, Saladin, Hawk, Shark and Fancy; open race boats— True Blue, Eureka, Volante, Ida, M. L. I., Marole, Psyche, Mirage, Bird and Mab, and all the leading racing boats of the day. They have patrons from all parts of the country, the excellence of their work being its best recommendation, and they are amply prepared to promptly fill all orders at shortest notice. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 259 ASON & RISCH, Manufacturers of the Vocalion, Worcester, Mass,, Boston Warerooms, No. 151 Tremont Street, Chickering Hall -pijg Vocalion manufactured by Messrs. Mason & Rlscli, at Worcester, Mass., is thoroughly typical of the greatest degree cf progress in the production of true pipe tones from the common reeds. The New England agency for the sale of this marvel- ous instrument is-entrusted to the hands of Jlr. J. W. Follett, whose headquarters are located at Nos. 151 and 153 Tremont Street, (Chickering Hall). This agency was opened here in September, 1891, and immediately took a front rank position in the musical instrument trade. The Vocalion is an organ constructed on the principles of the pipe-organ. In its method of produciu-^ tone as well as in its construction, the Vocalion is a patented invention, and is the outcome of many years of labor and experi- ment, involving large expenditure. The idea is copied from nature's method of producing tone— the method that is undeniably the best— and which, as far as is practicable, is embodied in the Vocalion. This will be clear by instancing the tone-making apparatus of the human throat. The lungs are the bellows; the muscles which inflate tlie lungs are represented by the toot-treadles or the bellows-lever of the organ ; the vocal chord or the larynx of the throat is a reed; the tube or throat which contains the vocal chord develops the tone and delivers it to the mouth; there it is reinforced and further qualified before its final emission. Tones produced on this plan have purity, beauty and variety, as' well as power, carrying property and intrinsic musical value. These qualities are peculiarly the property of the Vocahon, which serve to make it a rival in the variety and excellence of its registration and tonal qualities, of a richly-voiced pipe organ costing more than double its price and for the reasons already given, is in many respects superior to a pipe organ of equal capacity. Its advantages over the pipe organ are its cost, which is one-half the price of a good pipe organ of equal capacity; the Uttle space required, being one-quarter that occupied by a pipe organ of similar capacity; its construction, so that each reed, havingits own separate tone-chamber, can be removed with ease, and without disturbing the action; its fifty-eight notes to each tone in the manuals, and the fact that no tone borrows from another for the lower fourteen tones, as is frequent in pipe organs; its being ready for use on being unpacked. For the above reasons the Vocahon is better than any pipe organ for churches of moderate size, or houses remote from pipe organ builders. In designs and architectural propor- tions the Vocalion is so artistic that it harmonizes with the interior of the most beautiful church or chapel, while, on the other hand, the solidity and churchly character of its design fit it for an auditorium of the simplest style of architecture. It is highly endorsed by such eminent authorities as S. B. Whitney, organist of Church of the Advent, Boston; Clarence Eddy, organist of First Presbyterian Church, Chicago; Ad. Neuendorff. orchestral conductor and composer, Boston; Walter J. Damroseh, leader of Grand Opera, Metropohtan Opera House, New York; S. B. Whiteley, organist of Church of the Holy Spirit, New York; Dr. EberharJ, Grand Conservatory of Music, New York; Dr. A. H. Messiter, organist of Trinity Church, New York; Frederic Archer, Esq., concert organist and composer, London, Eng,; Henry M. Dunham, Esq., organist of Euggles Street Baptist Church. Boston; S. B. Mills, the well-known pianist. New York, among many others. The Vocahon is recognized by musical critics everywhere as duplicating in small compass and low cost the most magnificent and powerful achievements of the great pipe organs found only in churches and halls, while combining a melody, tone, diversity of expression and dura- bility that is possible in no other musical instrument. Mr. Follett, the New England agent, is thoroughly experienced and familiar in the music trade, and a business man of marked executive capacity, sound judgment and sterling worth, with whom it is always pleasant and profitable to deal. 260 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. C. WILLISON, Importer and Wholesale Dealer in Marble, Granite and Statuary. No. 160 Boylstou Street.— A foremost Bos- ton importer and wholesale dealer in marble, granite and statuary is Mr. E. C. Willison, whose office is aD No. 160 Boylston Street. Mr. Willison established his enterprise in 1888, previous to which he had been manag'er for W. C. Townsend, whose marble and granite house was located at the corner of Beacon and Park Streets. Through the expert knowledge of the I industry exercised by him, he has met with the most substantial success, building up a large, first-class trade all throughoii'j the United States and the lower Canada provinces. He makes a leading specialty of the finest class of work, hi3 r'acilitie::: L to produce monuments of the most artistic design and finish. Mr. Willison has a branch office on the corner of Eighth and Delaware Streets, Kansas City, Mo., and a purchasing offlce at No. 74 Union Street, Aberdeen, Scotland, while his granite works are at South Quincy, Mass., and at Montpelier, Vt. At the Boston salesroom a fine display of sample work is shown and orders are also filled from designs. Mr. Willison is an importer of Scotch granite, Italian marble, statuary figures and finished monuments and he makes a leading specialty of fine granite monuments and polished columns for buildings. All orders are filled at lowest quotations. Mr. Willison is a mem- ber of the Boston Wholesale Granite Dealers Association, also the Quincy Wholesale Dealers Association and is popularly known in both, business and social circles. enabling hii HARLES LAWRENCE & CO.. Commission Merchants, Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Foreign and Domestic Fruits and Produce, No. 103 Commercial Street.— Among the representative merchants who sat at table at-the Chamber of Commerce banquet at the "Vendome on February 4, 1889, were the Lawrence brothers, Chaiies and William W. They are well-known North Market produce dealers, the former being in the firm of Charles Lawrence & Co., and the latter in the firm of Farnum & Co. There are two more of the Lawrence brothers on North Market Street^George H. of the firm of Curtis & Co., and Frank M., a salesman with another provision firm. The brothers were all born and raised on the Lawrence farm in Lexing- ton. Their father, still hale and hearty in spite of his almost fourscore years, generally comes into town of a Saturday to see his boys on North Market Street. They are good examples of the hundreds and thousands of country bred boys who have come to the city and have become successful business men, and whose muscle and brawn andability and prosperity have contributed so largely to the city's prosperity. Charles and Wilham Lawi'ence began business in a modest way in Boston in 1852. They were successful. After a year and a half William Lawrence entered the employ of Curtis & Co., where he remained until the firm of Farnum & Co., of which he became a member, was formed. His brother George succeeded William at Curtis & Co.'s, of which he is a member to-day. The Lawrence brothers are among the best known men in the wholesale produce commission business. Their special references are the Fourth National Bank and all the mercantile agencies, but the best reference they can produce is the honorable record accredited to their estab- lishment the past third of a century. The enterprise of the house is well-known, and none of its contemporaries are better equipped to meet all the demands of the trade. The Messrs. Lawrence are active members of the Chamber of Commerce and Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange, and have an expert knowledge of all the requirements of the trade in which they are engaged. As business headquarters they occupy a store and basement. 25 x 90 feet in dimensions, but also have unlimited storage, facilities in the public ware- houses. The firm are commission merchants, importers and wholesale dealers in foreign and domestic fruits of every description, making leading specialties^of oranges, lemons, grapes, bananas and similar favorite fruits, receive very extensive consignments, and make a spe- cialty of selling by the carload lot. their trade extending to all parts of New England. Liberal advances are made to consignors whert desired, and returns are made without delay, a ready sale for all goods being found at highest market quotations. jtEABODY BROTHERS, Commission Merchants and Dealers in Country Produce, No. 22 Mercantile Street, and No. 27 Concord OJ^PjH^^I Avenue.— One of the very well-known and highly esteemed produce commission houses in the city is that of Messrs. Peabody eVSStl^KS^ Brothers, No. 22 Mercantile Street and No. 27 Concord Avenue. They receive on consignment a great variety of produce from New England, New York and New Brunswick; making cash advances; and reporting the best prices in their account sales, which are always promptly rendered. They carry at all times a large stock, especially of potatoes, apples and cabbages; and in their season have a full line of Florida oranges and other fi*uits from all sections of the country. They supply dealers at wholesale only, and have a large first-class trade. Their store and loft are 35 x 50 feet in area, and their employes number five. The mem- bers of the firm are Messrs. T. H. and J. D. Peabody, Natives of Vermont and gentlemen of middle age. who have been associated in business since 1880. The former has lived in Boston since 1868, and is well-known, aside from business relations, being a member of the Masonic order and the Knights of Honor. Mr. J. D. Peabody has been a resident of this city since 1876, and is a member of the Fruit and Produce Exchange. I ANE & ROWELL, Tailors, 160 Boylston Street.— To Messrs. Lane & Rowell of 160 Boylston Street, belongs the distinction of having brought the art of tailoring to a condition as nearly approachfng perfection as possible. The business was founded in 1867, by Lane & Mitchell, on Tremout Street, Mr. Lane having had a practical experience as a tailor since 1856. In 1869 the firm changed to Lane & Hubbard, and in 1880 the style was changed to A. T. Hubbard and in 1890 to the present firm name, Mr. Rowell having been with the house since 1870. The character of the business is essentially high class, the specialty being fine custom work. The house handles none but the finest and most tasteful imported goods and possesses unusual facilities for furnishing patrons with the latest fashions, both in the matters of cut and pattern. The premises occupied by Messrs. Lane & Rowell consist of an elegantly appointed store covering an area of 3500 square feet; the premises being well located upon the second floor of the building. A large, choice, varied and complete stock of goods is constantly maintained, and the major proportion of the making up is executed outside. The partners are Mr. D. H. Lane and Mr. C. A. Rowell, both gentlemen of middle-age, and both practical adepts at the art of cutting and of lengthy experience in the other details of the business. Mr. Lane is a native of the State of Maine, while Mr. C. A. Row- ell hails from Warner, N. H., both partners, however, having been residents of Boston for many years. i EORGE W. SWETT, Wholesale Druggist, No. 245 Washington Street.— This house has a first-class trade that extends all over New England and wherever known its reputation is A No. 1 in every respect. The business was originally founded in 1836, at No. 106 Hanover Street, by William Johnson, by whom it was conducted up to 1863, when he was succeeded by the present proprietor, Mr. George W. Swett, who removed to his present address eighteen years ago. Dr. Swett is a regularly gradu- ated physician, having won his title of M. D.. at the University of New York. He was born in Massachusetts and is one of Bos- ton's oldest and most respected citizens. The spacious premises used for business purposes comprise a store and basement, each 33 X 110 feet in dimensions, and the place is admirably systematic in its arrangement, the stock being disposed in the most convenient manner. A heavy supply is carried of drugs and chemicals of every description, a leading specialty being made of botanic medicines. Par. ticular attention is given to the selection of medicinal roots, barks, leaves, herbs, flowers and seeds, the stock being strictly fresh and reli- able. Dr. Swett is proprietor of Dr. J. W. Rolands' White Pine Compound, Humor Doctor and Fellows' Worm Lozenges, remedies that a^e widely known for their efficacy in curing the complaints for which they are prepared. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 261 F, WILSON, Real Estate Broker, No. 247 Washington Street.— Owin» to its stability no class of financial investment in any- progressive community oCEers such safe and substantial returns as realty, as it is the last commercial element to be affected by general depression and the first to be enhanced by indications of a revival of business prosperity. It is for '.his ^ reason that the shrewd and sagacious everywhere pin their faith to real estate in pi-eference to any other forms of specula- tion. One of the most reliable real estate dealers and brokers in Boston is Mr. J. F. Wilson, whose ofSce is eligibly located at N0.24T Washington Street. This gentleman has been engaged in this business since IStjl and numbers among his pernia- ; many of the solid citizens and wealthiest property owners in the city. He transacts a general real estate business, buying, sell- ing, renting and exchanging houses, lots and business property; negotiating loans on bond and mortgage, managing estates, collecting rents and making investments. He buys, sells and builds houses, selhng them on easy payments. His operations in real estate are princi- pally in Somerville, Cambridge and Dorchester, in 1890-91, eighty houses were built by him with prices. ranging from $3,000 to $6,000. He is the agent in Somerville for the Imperial Insurance Office, of England, having an office at No. 47 Alpine Street. He conducts all operations on the strict basis of business integrity, gives his personal attention to advancing the best interests of his clients, makes his charges eminently fair and reasonable, and no one in this line is more worthy of enduring success. Mr. Wilson is a native of Boston, Mass.. and is eminently popular in real estate, commercial and financial circles. nent pati ATIONAL TYPEWRITER COMPANY, No. 611 Washington Street.— There are numerous machines that are being extensively advertised, but for a machine that will do any and all kinds of work, in the very best manner, and ;n all languages in the known world, there is none in use that can compare favorably with the New Model Hall Typewriter, manufactured by the National Typewriter Company, whose headquarters are located at No. 611 Washington Street. This company was incor- porated, July 9, 1889, with a capital of $1,000 000 and having purchased the special tools and all the patents, foreign and domestic, issued on the Hall Typewntei, aie now piepared to furnish the public with the very best typewriting machine, all things considered that has z*^*"^*. ever been placed on the market for a reasonable price. It has triumphantly stood j^^Sl Cji^^^^ '''^ '^^^ °^ time, and is to-day, the only practical typewriter for a low pi-ice in exist- ^- ^^^m WII -^^^^^^^ ence. It is the ideal of what everybody had long ago said should be brought 'out, light and BPl^^^wVf ^^P^pi^ handy, yet durable and precise in its work, securing great speed, yet being so simple in ffi!^^^^" ^ ■*-*! >^^pB^ iiperation as to enable the operator to avoid the blunders, blurs and slovenly work that Hi fa iJ^^^^^^/S^ -^ ^^^^%i characterizes haste on other machines. The New Model Hall has many elements of supe- i ' '|^ Ji^^^ ^^'^id. I ''/^™- riority, including simplicity, portability, com- pleteness, varietj', capacity, durability, speed ^H.r'^SlsJ8Blri3Hl?£i/ -MM^^ *'"' cheapness. You can write in various styles of English, and change at will to Greek. ", JiPg^^^^^aBI^F ^ . iaM|fc German, Italian, Spanish, French, Swedish, Norwegian. Portuguese, Dutch, Danish, Rus- _ ^^a.^S l-^^^«Efc£J %J^a^Jg^H B^ Man, Armenian, Bulgarian, Bohemian, ate, or have any other style made to order. No scholar ^^^^^^^™^r!^^sLs.^S^SBife ^^'" '^" '" *PP''^ciate this. The Hall is the finest built writer made. The best of material t ^s "jU_^C«sO " ^^^^K^^*^^^^^^ only is used, and every part is fashioned and put together with the greatest accuracy and ' '''''i/!'i|f||lfl|'lj|, , '»/ 1 'I'^^fc^i^ ""^^^^ ' "^''^' Q"^'"}' considered, it is the cheapest typewriter in the land. Possessed of sterling .^ ' 'I 'iPj! I|l '| P P^^^ia - -.^^' enterprise, alert to meet the most exacting requirements of customers, and manifesting a '" determination to maintain their splendid typewriters in the van of the market the National Typewriter Company sell then machines in all parts of the civilized world. Those who con- template the purchase of a typewriter, should communicate w ith this company They will save money and obtain as good service through this honorable corporation, with its magnificent facilities as by dealing with any other in the United States. The officers of the company are F. H. Henshaw, president; L. S. Hapgood, treasurer. The management of the office in Boston is placed in the hands of Mr. Hapgood, the treasurer, who is thoroughly experienced in the business, and is reliable and painstaking in meeting every demand. S. BROWN, Carpenter and Builder, No. 84 Chardon Street.— The enviable position of leading builder and contractor in his own ward now enjoyed by Mr. T. S. Brown, carrying on his operations at No. 84 Chardon Street, has been attained almost entirely by the high principles upon which the business is conducted and the fact that none hut strictly A. No. 1 work of the most satisfactory nature is executed. Mr. Brown, who is a thoroughly practical man and b,ay devoted his whole life to the building industry, commenced business in 1872, at the West End, removing hither in 1876, ani the progress he has made has been gradual and stead.y. each succeeding year witnessing a material development in hip operations. Building, car- penter-work, jobbing of every description; the cornplete fitting up of offices, stores, saloons, etc. ; and particularly all kinds of fancy wood work are equall.y undertaken and executed in a manner that, alike, does credit to the builder and renders the greatest measure of satisfac tion to patrons; no job being too small, none too large to be undertaken, and all receiving equally the same cax e and attention. He is also a builder to a considerable extent, having built several schools, hotels, mercantile buildings and a large number of dwellings and comp,artnient houses. Mr. Brown's services are now called into constant requisition to all sections of the city and surrouiiQl^ag districts, mainly by architects, whose plans he invariably interprets with an accurac.y born of long experience. At the address indicated above, a spacious flhop, 3.5 X 75 feet in area,,is maintained, fitted with machinery actuated by electric power, for turning out the best des^iri'ptions of work, and a force of skilled mechanics is employed, varying from fifteen to forty. Estimates are cheerfully furnished upoD. aj'splication, as well as plans and specifications when so desired. Mr. Brown is a native of Maine, now^ in the prime of life and has resided in Boston for the past twenty-five years. He served eighteen months in the Eighth Volunteer Infantry during the Civil War and also in vhe Navy and is now a member of 6. A. R., Post No. .36 and the Veteran Chib. He is also a member of the F. and A. M. and the Royal Arointtm. 1 ELCH BROTHERS, Wholesale and Commission Dealers in Cut Flowei-s and Florists' Supplies, No. 165 Tromcnt Street —The love of flowers is almost universal. Flowers are the very poetry of nature— the language whereb.y our teudorest sentiinonta are most fittingl.y expressed; hence no wedding or obsequies — those occasions which call out our deepest emotions, of joy on the one hand, of grief on the other, is complete without them. The most extensive Boston establishmeui E-ngafj^ed in the wholesale and commission trade in cut fiowers and florists' supplies is that of the Messrs. Welch Brothers, situated at No. 165 Tremont Street. The firm began business thirteen .years ago, at No. 147 Tremont Street, removing ^^o their present address six years since. The trade that has been developed by their energy, enterprise and liberal business policy now reaches to all sections of the United States and Canada. The premises occupied for the industry have an area of 80 x 110 feet and are equipped with all modern improvements, including electric lighting. Employing fifteen experienced assistants the firm carry on an active series of operations af wholesale dealers and commission merchants in cut fiowers and florists' supplies of every description, attending to all branches of the busi- ness. Fresh flowers are carefully packed and shipped to all parts of the United States on order. Consignments of fiowers are recelA'ed from prominent nurserymen, and the resources of the firm enable them to make ready sales and immediate returns'in every instance. The co-partners, Messrs. P. D. and E. J. Welch, are native Bostonians, practical florists of ability, and they enjoy an excellent reputatio.n as reli- able, progressive business men. 262 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. [OTT GRANT, Wooden Boxes and Box Shooks, No. 38 Kilby Street.— Mr. Jott Grant represents the leading box manufacturers of New England. He started in business here two years ago and by strict attention to the requirements of his customers and fair, liberal and honorable methods, he has succeeded in building up a large, influential patronage. He represents F. H. Garraan, Boston, H. W. Smith, Bangor, Me., A. M. Howard, of New Hampshire, and others. He takes and promptly fills orders for boxes and shooks of every description, a specialty being made of lock-cornered wood boxes of all kinds with hinge or side covers. These are printed to order with any device to suit purchasers. Owing to Mr. Grant's intimate relations with the manufacturers he represents, he is enabled to offer advantages in the way of goods and prices that it would be difficult to duplicate elsewhere. IVIr. Grant is a native of the State of Maine, formerly a well-known inventor, having devised some valuable patents. P. ELLICOTT & CO., Ship and Insurance Brokers and General Commission Merchants, No. 13 Central Wharf. — To Messrs. J. P. Ellicott & Co., of No. 13 Central Wharf, Boston, ship and insurance brokers and general commission merchants, emphatically belongs the honorable distinction of being one of the oldest and most reputable business houses having operations in the capital city of the Bay State. The business was established in the year 1817, the authors of its prosperity * being Messrs. E. D. Peters & Co., who were succeeded by the existing firm sixteen years ago. Messrs. Ellicott & Co. own extensive interests in vessels, and engage largely in the chartering, freighting, selling, purchase, clearance and entrance of vessels. The partnership is made up of the names of two estimable gentlemen— Mr. Joseph P. Ellicott and Mr. Morris W. Child. The former is a native of Maryland, his residence in Boston having commenced nearly half a century ago. He is a gentleman in the prime of life and, prior to entering upon the duties of his present business, he was engaged in the general commission business. Mr. Child is a native of Connecticut, his residence being at Medford. His identification with the house covers a pei'iod of sixteen years, the date of his admission to the partnership commencing two years ago. S. LAWRENCE CLOTHING COMPANY, Nos. 3.301- 2311 Washington Street.— The most popular and ex- cellent store devoted to the sale of male apparel in the Boston Highlands is without compare the spa- cious and elegant emporium of the H. S. Lawrence Clothing Company, located at Nos. 2301-3311 Wash- ington Street. This is one of the leading and best equipped establishments of the kind in the city, as it is also one of the oldest, and for nearly forty years has maintained an enduring hold on pub- lic favor. The house, in short, is a thoroughly representative one, and its patronage is at once of a substantial and influential charac- ter. The various departments are replete with all the newest styles and latest novelties in men's, boys', youths' and children's outfit. and an uncommonly fine assortment of suits of fashionable cut and elegant material from which the most fastidious in dress can mal^e selection is here displayed. Every garment is warranted too, as to style, make, finish and fabric, and perfect fit is assured, no pains being spared to render the fullest satisfaction. The prices prevail- ing are notably moderate, likewise, being in fact, exceptionally low, quality of goods and character of workmanship considered, and purchasers can rel.y upon getting first-class value and satisfactoiy treatment in every instance. The store, which is eligibly situated, is 90 X 100 feet in dimensions, and is very handsomely fitted up ari'l tastefully arranged, while upwards of twenty efficient assistants are in attendance. The stock is exceedingly large, and embraces ready- made clothing in all sizes, shapes, styles and patterns in finest and medium grades; novelties in house wear, bath and dressing suits, etc. ; also white and fancy colored shirts, underwear, neckwear, gloves, hose, umbrellas and everything comprehended in furnishing goods. This flourishing business was established in 1854 by H, S. Lawrence, and in 1891 was duly incorporated under the State of Massachusetts. robes, dress .gentlemen's the laws of 1 1SEPH H, WHEELER, Ye Plate Printer, Etchings, PhotoGravures, No. 399 Washington Street,— Mr, Joseph H, Wheeler, the plate printer, established his enterprise in 1886 and has developed a large, first-class trade which now extends to all parts of the United States, but is particularly heavy in Boston and New York, He is agent for the Brentzden Photo-Gravure Com- pany, of Boston and Maiden, makers of etchings and photo-gravures, and he also produces a similar line of goods himself. The premises occupied for the industry comprise two floors, each 35 x 100 feet in dimensions, equipped with sixteen hand- presses and mechanical appliances adaptable to the business and employment is found for eighteen expert workmen, whose labors are personally supervised by Mr. Wheeler. A leading specialty is made of a high grade of work, both plain and colored, for publish- ers and book houses, the finest effects being produced in everything undertaken, Mr, Wheeler is a native of Boston and an energetic, pro- gressive young business man. J. HOLT & CO., Metal Platers, Manufacturers of Saddlery Hardware, Etc., No, 5 Portland Street,— Although of but recent establishment— dating only from 1889— the firm of Messrs. O. J. Holt & Co. have built up a large and flourishing business, owing to the excellence of the work they execute and the superiority of the goods they manufacture. They are gold, silver, brass, copper and nickel platers, and also manufacturers of saddlery hardware, letters for harnesses, badges, etc. They exe- ' cute plating in all its branches, both electro and close, and have every facility for the repairing and plating of carriage lamps, the plating of tableware, house furnishings, carriage and sleigh trimmings, etc., and oxidizing and buffing for bank and office fixtures is done. In both departments of the business they turn out only the highest grade of work. Their factory premises are 35 x 75 in area, supplied with electric power and well-equipped with the latest improved machinery. The trade is chiefly in the city and suburbs, but goods are also sent throughout New England, Mr. Holt seems to have inherited his mechanical ability, his father and grandfather having followed the same line of business. He is a thoroughly skilled, practical workman, although one of the city's youngest business men. He was born in Illinois, and has lived in Boston for ten years. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. AMES BTOLDING. 264 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. HOMAS & WADSWORTH, Printers' and Bookbinders' Machinists, No. 390 Federal Street.— The inception of this establish- ment dates back to 1870, the enterprise being founded by Messrs. Charles H. Thomas, James T. Wadsworth, M. Wagner Brush and Joseph F. Carroll, under the firm title of Thomas, Carrol & Co. In 1875 Mr. Brush retired; in 1891 Mr. Carroll did hkewise, and Messrs. Thomas & Wadsworth have since carried on business under this firm name. Both gentlemen are natives of Plymouth, Mass., have resided in Boston iov many years, and sustain a very favorable reputation in the commu- nity. Both are expert practical machinists, and employ only tlioroughly competent workmen. The premises occupied com- prise two floors, each 60 x 75 feet in dimensions, equipped with superior machinery, driven by steam power, and the firm carry on a general business as manufacturers of printers' and bookbinders' machinery, and tailors' presses. Their pi'oducts are of the most superior charac- ter, being made from the best materials. S. HOOD, Scrap, Pig, Ballast Iron and Metals, No. 4 Liberty Square, Room No. 27.— One of the largest houses engaged in this line is that of Mr. R. S. Hood, who has been established for six years, during which^period he has, by his able business methods, developed a large and growing tradt; extending all throughout New England. He deals in scrap, pig. ballast iron and metals, buying in carload lots from the track, and also sells in the same quantity. Consignments are received from all ^ parts of the United States, and the highest cash prices are paid for as much as can be sent along. Sales are made to iron and other metal workers and altogether a very brisk trade is carried on. Mr. Hood is a native of Nova Scotia, and has resided in Boston for the past ten years. For nineteen years he was a sea-captain, his ]ast command being " The Helen." Considering he had buf- feted old Ocean's billows long enough, he retired from sea life to enter into his present commercial pursuit, in which he has met with favor- able breezes and a brisk sea. His sales now amount to about 10,000 tons of metals of all kinds per year. i. C. WEBBER, Dentist, No. 149 A Tremont Street.— Perhaps in no department of the healing arts has there been made more notable progress of late years than in dentistry. And this is true as regards both the mechanical and surgical branches of the profession, adegree of excellence akin to perfection having been reached in artificial teeth and accessories. Among Boston's leading dental practitioners, there is not one who sustains a higher reputation for skill and reliability than the gentleman whose name heads this sketch. He has been established for nearly half a century, being one of the very oldest as well as foremost in his line in the city, and has a large practice. Dr. Webber, who has a well-equipped office at No. 149 A Tremont Street, provided with all the latest improved appliances, is a man somewhat past the meridian of life, but active and energetic and was born in the State. He is a thoroughly expert dentist of long and varied experience, master of the art in all its branches, and is manufac- turer of some highly meritorious preparations, notably " Sapodentia " and Hygienic Mouth and Tooth Wash. He is prepared to perform all operations comprehended in modern dentistry. |OSEPH A. JACKSON, Hatter and Furrier, No. 412 Washington Street.— The house of Mr. Joseph A. Jackson, the representa- tive Boston hatter and furrier, leads the trade in fine hats and furs in this city and throughout New England. Since 1875 Mr. Jackson has manufactured and sold the finest goods in this line to the fashionable public of Boston, Cambridge, Lowell, Providence, Worcester, Springfield, l^ynn, Lawrence, Fall River, Newport. Portland, Biddeford, Portsmouth, Manchester Concord, Fitchburgand all over New England. He brings to bear the ripened experience of the manufacturer as well as the designer and critic. Every hat in his stock is a gem of art and taste, and so well understood is this that his resources are taxed more and more every year to supply the growing demands at retail, through permanent channels, in city tind country, as his hats are typical in all this section of the country. All that is best is embodied in their prod.uction, while that indefinable element, style, is always imparted. Here is shown the largest stock in the city, of gentlemen's fine hats of every description, liicewise riding, tourists' and steamer hats, and other novelties in a profusion of styles nowhere else duplicated. The fur department is even of greater attractiveness, on account of the extent and value of the stock. Fashionable folks in thisj city, and all the way from Bangor, Me., to Burlington, Vt., have reason to remember the reliable fur store of Joseph A. Jackson. Every sort and sample of the furrier's art is carried— great carriage robes and dainty little ear-muffs, seal-skin sacques and rich wraps enough to clothe a battalion of beauty one hundred thousand strong, and at prices which make an inquirer a purchaser in every instance. As Mr. Jackson selects his skins with the utmost care, the public can always secure here the most valuable sealskin jackets, dolmans, ulsters, newmarkets, capes, trimming and small furs, which can be implicitly relied on. Any style of fur garment is promptly made to order, and furs are cleaned, altered, stored and insured. Mr. Jackson enjoys the patronage of those most eminent in public life and prominent in society. FLEMING & CO., Bookbinders, No. 192 Summer Street.— This is the largest book-bindery in operation in Boston. The busi- ness was founded in 1855, on Cornhill, by Messrs. Fleming & Haskell, Mr. Edwin Fleming afterward becoming sole proprie- tor. Later on Mr. M. Bazin became his partner, the firm name changing to E. Fleming & Co., and on Mr. Bazin's death in 1881, Mr. Charles Laurie was admitted to partnership. Mr. Fleming is a native of England but has resided in Boston since * 1844; Mr. Laurie hails from Montreal, Can., and came to this city twenty -eight years ago. Both are practical bookbinders of thorough expert skill, and are valued members of the Franklin Typographical Society. The premises occupied by the firm comprise two spacious floors, each having 10,000 square feet, and the entire place is equipped with the most approved machinery, while employment is found for one hundred and forty skilled operatives. Book and pamphlet binding of every description is executed in the highest style of the art» a leading specialty being made of cloth and leather binding. G. BOWDEN, Manufacturers' Agent. No. 33 Kingston Street.— Prior to entering upon a business career on his own i Mr. J. G. Bowden, manufacturers' agent, No. 33 Kingston Street, officiated as manager for Mr. J. W. Lynch, the founder of the concern. Eleven years ago, however, upon theiremoval of Mr. Lynch to Philadelphia, Mr. Bowden purchased the busi- ness, which he has since controlled. As he distributes the products of several very large mills he is necessarily headquarters for his line of goods. Mr. Bowden makes large contracts with the underwear, hosiery and blanket mills all over the country for supplying them with bindings throughout the year, and as his goods are always up to the standard and bis deliveries prompt, this department of his business is constantly increasing and he has long since obtained the reputation of being the largest operator in his line in New England. Among the almost infinite miscellany of commodities handled by the gentleman, mention is due of the follow- ing: Pi*ussian binding; Petersham, slipper, blanket, carpet, awning and tent bindings; bed lace, tapes, pins, webbing, tennis tapes, galloons, cotton braid, worsted braid, shoe laces, etc. The worsted goods department includes cardigan jackets, leggins, mittens, gloves, infants' shirts, etc., the gentleman being manufacturers' agent also for the products of the American Worsted Company, and for the celebrated "Star" tapes. The business area over which Mr. Bowden has operations comprises all parts of the United States and Canada, and he is represented upon the road by two efficient drummers. Mr. Bowden is a native of Marblehead. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITEEATURE. NOW FLAKE AXLE GREASE COMPANY, Manufacturers of the Celebrated Snow Flake Axle Grease; Dealers ia Harnesses, Etc., Nos. 151 and 152 Canal Street.— To carriage owners one of the most important items for their consideration is the secur- ing of an axle grease that shall give entire satisfaction, but, heretofore, this has been a difficult thing to obtain. With the advent of the Snow Flake Axle Grease Company however, this difficulty has been banished, and Snow Flake Axle Grease is coming into widespread, general use. The company's office, salesroom and laboratory are at Nos. 151 and 152 Canal Street, the place being adjacent to the Lowell, Eastern, Fitchburg and Maine depots. This enterprise was founded seven years ago at this address, by Mr. F. P. Bruce, and in 1889 the present proprietors, Mr. S. H. Shannon and his son, Mr. Charles B. Shannon, succeeded to the control, since conducting affairs under the present existing company title. Both gentlemen are natives of Ohio, but are weli- known in the Eastern States. Mr. S. H. Shannon was formerly engaged in the oil trade, and has a wide commercial acquaintance, while the junior member of the firm is also an experienced business man. The quarters occupied are equipped in the most thorough manner with all requisite conveniences, a full staff of assistants is employed, and the company manufacture the famous Snow Flake Axle Grease in great quantities, shipping it to all parts of South America as well as every section of this country. The evidence is unanimous with all users of this grease that it will run a light buggy or a heavy wagon one third longer than any other grease, not excepting castor oil; and it has no sticky or gummy properties. For oiling a harness it surpasses any oil ever used, making the harness as soft as a kid glove. It is the finest .and best preparation in the world for horses' feet. It makes the hoof smooth and tough, causes it to grow, removes all fever from the foot, -cures quarter-cracks, sore heels, contracted feet, brittle hoofs, thrush, scratches, caulks, and hard swellings, as well as sore back and neck, and during the same time you are able to work your horse. The Messrs. Shannon also deal in, harnesses, blankets, whips, stable tools, etc., carrying a large stock, and they are prepared to quote the most favorable prices. R. McKAY, D.D.S., No. 3 Hamilton Place.— Dr. G. R. McKay, D.D.S., located in this city at No. 3 Hamilton Place, was first established in business in 1888, at Union City, Pa., and in June, 1890, he came to Boston and purchased the connection of Mr. C. C. Twitchell, who then retired after having been practising for over thirty-five years. Thus Dr. McKay succeeded to a practice of considerable magnitude, which, to his credit, he has succeeded in not only preserving intact, but has materially * added to the already long list of regular patrons. Added to skill. Dr. McKay has embraced every facility and all modern devices for undertaking any branch of dentistry, with a minimum of pain and discomfort to patients— a fact which has considerably augmented his reputation. Dr. McKay \vas born in Canada, and was graduated at the Philadelphia Dental College in 1888, and is a member of the Alumni of the same. HARLES F. CHASE, Insurance, No. 82 Devonshire Street.— One of the most active and successful fire insurance underwriters in Boston is Mr. Charles F. Chase, whose office is at No. 82 Devonshire Street, and who brings to bear that wide range of practi- cal experience so essential.to the best interests of the public at large. He represents solid and honorably managed companies that afford every safeguard to the pohcy holders and invariably meet promptly all just claims. His- business has grown to proportions of much importance. Besides his Boston business Mr. Chase has sub-offices in Brookline and Orange where he is agent for a number of first-class companies, including the old and reliable ^tna, the North American of Boston, the Conti- nental of New York, Lancashire of England, the First National of Worcester, Connecticut of Hartford, Rochester German of New York, Peo- ples of New Hamphire, and several of the best mutuals. His facilities for conducting an insurance business in this city are such as can apply only to those who are prominent as underwriters and who enjoy the confidence of insurance corporations and the entire public. Mr. Chase is a native of Massachusetts, a resident of Boston, a valued member of the Boston Board of Underwriters and the Board of Fire Insurance Brokers, and he is highly esteemed in social, business and financial circles. In addition to his fire business, Mr. Chase also gives considerable attention to life and Uability Insurance. He represents the leading companies in these very important branches. I DWARD E. CLARK, Art Stationer, No. 41 West Street.— There are few places more attractive to persons of taste and refine- ment than such an establishment as that of Mr. Edward E. Clark. He deals in the most elegant and artistic goods in the line of fine stationery, including the choicest imported and domestic productions; also high-class engravings, a full line of fancy articles, etc. He has every facihty for the execution of steel and copper plate engraving and fine printing, employ- ing from six to eight skilled workmen. The premises comprise the ground-floor and basement, 30 x 100 in area, and the stock of goods is very large and varied. Mr. Clark has carried on this business for over thirty years, having bought out Mr, Mordy, by whom it was established in 1852. For twenty years Mr. Clark was located at Bedford and Washington Streets, removing to his present place some ten years since. He is a native of Boston, and is president of the Boston Stationers' Association. M. S. HILLS COMPANY, Flour and Produce, No. 243 South Street.— This is one of the oldest and leading concerns in the lino indicated in the city, and for the past forty-three years has been a prominent factor in the trade. Its history has been an unbroken record of progress, being conducted at the present location during the entire period since 1849. The company '»\j receives immense quantities of flour direct from mills in New York State and the West, and are heavy jobbers in general farm produce, supplies of the latter coming from all parts of the country. Their transactions are conducted on a scale commen- surate with the distinct prominence of the concern, shipping extensively throughout the New England States. This widely and favorably known house was established in 1849 by the gentleman who is still at the head of the business, and was afterwards incorpora- ted under the laws of the State and the present firm name adopted, Wm. S. Hills, the founder, being president of the company; A. L. Ireland, treasurer, and G. C. Gardiner, secretary. The building occupied as office and warehouse is a four-story structure, 140 x 25 feet in dimensions, and fifteen to twenty of a staff are employed. A vast and varied stock is constant!}' kept on hand, the specialty being Collins Purity Flour, and all orders by the wholesale are attended to in the most prompt and trustworthy manner. The company are in a position to offer special inducements on car lots, and all their transactions are characterized by the most liberal and honorable methods. B. REED & CO., Manufacturers of Fine Boots and Shoes, No. 5 High Street.— This firm are extensive manufacturers of fine boots and shoes, making a specialty of men's fine shoes, with office and [[salesrooms at No. 5 High Street, and factories at South Weymouth, Mass. The business was founded in 1848 by Mr. Josiah Reed, and in 1879 his sons, Messrs. H. B. and F. S. Reed, succeeded to the control under the present name and style. The plant of the firm has been specially designed and constructed with a view to the most convenient and successful prosecution of the business, and gives steady employment to from two hundred and fifty to three hundred skilled hands. In the selection of raw material as well as in the many pro- cesses through which the shoe passes previous to completion, a most thorough system of inspection and supervision is employed, resuUing in the highest standard of stock, workmanship and superiority of finish. No concern in the country is more reliable in this respect. The aver- age output is sixty dozen pairs daily, which includes a general line of male footwear, while the finer grades are equal m every respect to the best custom work in fit, finish, elegance and fashion. These goods go to all parts of the country. Orders of whatever magnitude are filled promptly, and terms and prices are made invariably satisfactory to the trade. Mr. Reed is a native of Massachusetts, and a young man of 'experience and ability. 2m BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. |EORGE G. HACKETT, Broker, No. 74 Treniont Street.— Mr. George G. Hackett has been established in Boston as a broker for a. period of a quarter of a century. The business embraces the purchase and sale upon commission of a general line of stocks* bonds and investment securities, besides operations in real estate and patents. The present premises have been occupied by him for the past five years. They are excellently located, appropriately appointed and ably managed and comprise tvi^o capacious rooms situated at the above address. Mr. Hackett is a perfect master of all the complex details incident to the practice of the " Profession of Finance."' He is a Bostonian and is the general manager of the Trussell Automatic Refriger- ating Company. EASTMAN CHASE, Paintings, Etchings and Frames, No. 7 Hamilton Place.— Among those who have contributed in no- small measure to the development of refined and correct taste in this direction is Mr. J. Eastman Chase, vi'ho deals exten- sively in paintings, etchings, and frames. He occupies a store and basement, each 30 x40 feet in area, and has in the rear a picture gallery of the same dimensions. The salesroom is very handsomely fitted up. On the top floor of the building is the frame factory, in which a number of skilled workmen are employed in the manufacture of picture frames of all sizes and descriptions, from the plainest to the most ornamental. In all, there are from eight to ten persons employed in the establishment. Mr. Chase is a direct importer of pictures and works of art, and makes a specialty of fine goods, his stock being large and very attractive. This business was established by Mr. Chase at the present location in 1881. He has had much experience in this line, hav- ing for fifteen years been with the well-known firm of Doll & Richards. He is a native of New Hampshire, and resides in Brookline. RSESQ^^^ TEPHEN TILTON & CO., Tobaccos, No. 10 Central AVharf.— The tobacco trade in this city has many long established repre- sentatives, one of the oldest being the house of Messrs. Stephen Tilton & Co. Under the present firm-name this concern was- founded in 1836, as general commission merchants in flour, tobacco and other articles of merchandise. In later years their attention became concentrated upon tobacco. Mr. Stephen Tilton died in 1857, and was succeeded by his sons, Stephen, James B. and Charles T.. all of whom have since deceased. The present firm is composed of Messrs. George H. Tilton, a son of Stephen Tilton— the founder of the house, and a partner in it since 1871- and Charles H. Tilton, a grandson of the founder. Both gentlemen were born in Boston and have a wide acquaintance in business and private circles. For more than forty years this house- has been the New England agents for Messrs. P. H. Mayo & Brothers, (Inc.) Richmond, Va . , and carry in stock a f uU line of their manufactured tobaccos, includingall the well-known brands— Mayo' s genuine United States Navy, the Clarence Smoking, Eglantine, Ivy, Holly (sweet chew-^ ing), Mayo's cut plug, " I. C." cut plug, Constellation, Heavy Hitter (smoking), etc. All these brands are well-known to the trade as staple- goods of the highest quality. The warehouse of Messrs. Tilton & Co. comprises four floors, each 25 x 75 feet in area and the stock of goods. is at all times large and complete. The trade of the house extends to all parts of New England and they make lai-ge shipments to the British Provinces, South America and Africa. ^UIMBY & COMPANY, Stock Brokers, No. S44 Washington Street.— Of the many noteworthy firms that have come to the front in financial circles in Boston within recent years, few have been more fortunate in securing a clientele than that of Quimby & Company. They deal in investment securities, making a specialty of buying and selling national bank stocks, municipal, gas, water and other bonds, and have a flourishing business. All operations are conducted on sound and conservative prin- ciples and those having dealings here are assured of finding the same of an entirely satisfactory character. Messrs. H. B. and G. Quimby, (brothers) who compose the firm, are gentlemen in the prime of life and natives of this city. They are men of the highest personal integrity and of excellent business ability, thoroughly conversant with the purchase and sale of stocks, bonds and general securities and enjoy an enviable reputation in financial and commercial circles. They, have been engaged in the line above indicated, for the past three years and from the first have been steadily winning their way to public favor and patronage. I OHN STEBBINS & CO., General Transfer Agents, and Forwarders for Boston and Albany Railroad, No. 192 Lincoln Street.— The firm is one of the oldest as well as one of the foremost of the kind in this city, having been established for thirty-seven years and its patronage is exceedingly large, handling and shipping ah immense amount of freight and miscellaneous merchandise. The business was established in 1855 by John Stebbins, who, in 1891 took into partnership his son, George F. The senior member is a gentleman of about seventy, but active, energetic and devoted to his business, and was born in New Hampshire, Mr. Stebbins the younger, who is a man in the prime of life, being a Bostonian by birth. They occupy a com- modious, well-ordered office, and employ a staff of twenty all told, giving close personal attention themselves to every detail of the business. The Messrs. Stebbins have in service a mmiber of trucks, wagons and teams of every description, and have superior facilities for transferring and shipping heavy machinery. They give special attention to forwarding freight for the Boston and Albany Railroad, receiving goods here in transit, and forwarding the same as marked, or ordered, with care and despatch; while notice of transfer is given and bills of lading remitted, if desired, and ah orders receive immediate attention. j]OHN E. MARSHALL, Manufacturer of Saratoga Potato Cliips, No. 44 Clinton Street.— Mr. John E. Marshall is a manufacturer of Saratoga potato chips, and his business was founded in the year 1883, by Mr. G. W. Sibley, who maintained control of the i until 1886, during which year the present proprietor assumed possession. The goods manufactured by Mr. John E. Marshall are of the highest order of excellence, and they are packed in cases of two dozen half-pound boxes, and in kegs and barrels. Mr. Marshall justly claims to manufacture a higher grade of goods than any other on the market, and the major pro- portion of his operations is with the wholesale grocers of New England and the West, his sales for the year 1890 amount- ing to 100,000 half-pound boxes and 500 barrels of Saratoga chips. The house maintains a staff of twelve assistants. Mr. Marshall is a native of New Hampshire, his residence in Boston covering a period of ten years. He is a member of that influential organization— the Pilgrim Fathers' Association, and a prominent associate of the Masonic fraternity. W. DESMOND, Real Estate and Mortgages, No. 21 School Street.— Mr. D. W. Desmond established his business here in 1871, and by faithful and conscientious zeal for the best interests of his customers, he has secured a very superior clientage. He is familiar with both present and prospective values in and around Boston, and has always on his books many desirable bargains in business, residential and manufacturing sites, while he makes a leading specialty of loans on real estate and personal property. In the latter branch of business he is of the utmost service to both borrower and lender, securing to the one ample funds with which to extend his enterprise, and to the other, a profitable and perfectly safe investment. The properties which Mr. Desmond handles are absolutely perfect as regards their title, and no real estate is dealt in except that which is thor- oughly safe as an investment. Mr. Desmond is a native of New York State, a resident of Somerville, and is a gentleman of ability and experience, who is well worthy of every trust and confidence. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 267 ^ AGE & CO., Jobbers of Rubber Boots and Shoes, Nos. 100 and 103 Federal Street.— The leading headquarters for rubber boots and shoes in Boston is the estabhshment of Messrs, Sage & Co., located at Nos. 100 and 103 Federai Street. This firm are agents for the Candee Rubber Company, receiving a large part of their product, and are New England agents for the Col- chester Rubber Company, of Colchester, Conn. They sell to both jobbers and retailers, and theirs is the largest esclnsive rubber boot and shoe house in the world. They established their business here in 1882, and occupy an entire six-story build- ing, 26 X 125 feet in dimensions, giving ample accommodation for supplying the most extensive demand. The companies represented by this firm are making a quality of goods that are rapidly vianning their way to the favor of the boot and shoe trade of the country, and are widely preferred by dealers over all other makes on account of their great salability and solid merits. These goods are being made in such attractive styles, and in so durable a manner that they are having an extensive sale in the rubber-using sections of the country, and are fast working their way into the South, where, until recently, rubbers have been practically tabooed. The specialties are all strictly first-class, and the styles are many of thera novel and original. The facilities possessed by Messrs. Sage & Co. for meeting the great and growing demands of the trade are of the most complete and perfect character. Their stock is unequaled in either extent, variety or value, and a corps of twenty-seven talented salesmen represent the interests of the house to the trade in the different sections of the country. The business is immense and influential, requiring in its transaction the services of some seventy-five clerks and salesmen, and orders of whatever magnitude receive prompt and perfect fulfillment, while terms and prices are quoted that smaller houses cannot afford to duplicate. Mr. W. L. Sage, the active member of the firm, is a native of Rochester, N. Y.,"and a well-known citizen of Boston; a director of the Col- chester Rubber Company, a member of the Boston Boot and Shoe Club, and a gentleman of large experience in the trade and a foremost representative of its gi'owhig interests in this busy metropohs. L. RUTAN, Contractor and Builder, Room No. 75, Phillips Building, No. 120 Tremont Street.— Judging from the many impor- tant and significant contracts, which have been entrusted to Mr. William L. Rutan, contractor and builder, located in this city at No. 120 Tremont Street, it is only just to assume that all work undertaken by him is executed in the most highly satisfac- tory manner both as to the materials used and the workmanship employed, and it is a generally accepted fact in the trade that in the exact interpretation and materialization of architects'' plans and specifications he is thoroughly reliable, capable and worthy of every confidence. The business was established in 1887 by Messrs. Rutan and Fraser, and on the retirement of the latter in 1891, -the present proprietor assumed sole control of affairs. During its estabhshment, the house has been entrusted with a number of notable jobs; among others being Saint Barnabee Church, Falmouth, Mass. ; the Town Hall, Lincoln, Mass. ; and the Exposition Building, at Denison, Texas; thus illustrating not only the far-reaching nature of the business, but the thorough ability of the proprietor as a contractor and builder. Moreover, mason and carpenter work of every description is undertaken and executed by expert mechanics with that degree of satisfaction which is a marked characteristic of the house. The able proprietor, Mr. William L. Rutan, is, himself, a thoroughly practical mason and carpenter of wide knowledge and ripe experience, and personally conducts all work with which he is entrusted. He is a native of Massachusetts and has resided in Boston for the past eleven years. |HOMAS WHITE & CO., Manufacturers of Boots and Shoes, No. 28 High Street.— One of the most remarkable records of suc- cessful progress and development in the New England boot and shoe industry is that of the house'of Messrs. Thomas White & Co., whose main office is located at No. 28 High Street. For every essential and every feature of elegance, style and com- fort, their line of men's fine shoes are recognized as leaders in the market, and are in growing demand with the best class of trade throughout the entire United States. The business was founded in 1839 by Mr. Thomas White, and in 1869 he admitted his two sons, Messrs. T. Edgar and Henry M. White, to partnership. These gentlemen unite every possible qualification, bringing to bear the widest range of practical experience, perfected facilities, and inlluential connections, Their business has grown upon the legiti- mate basis of demand and supply, to proportions of great magnitude, and they now have in active operation two large factories, situated in Holbrook and Brockton, Mass., which are thoroughly equipped with the latest improved machinery and appliances, and which give employ- ment to some six hundred skilled hands. The output includes men's, boys' and youths' calf boots, and men's, boys' and youths' calf and buff shoes, of both fine and medium grades, in band sewed Goodyear welt and McKay sewed. The product embraces every feature of excellence in design, workmanship and finish. The co-partners give their personal supervision to every branch of the business, selecting their leather and findings with the utmost care, introducing all the latest popular styles, employing the most skilful cutters and foremen, and guarantee- ing the quality of every pair of shoes leaving their factories. The trade can select at their warerooms on High Street from one of the finest and most comprehensive stocks of boots and shoes in Boston, and rely upon securing the most liberal terms, prompt service and entire satis- faction. The demand for these goods is rapidly enlarging in all sections of the United States, a sure indication of their superiorty. The sen- ior partner and founder of the business is one of the most experienced shoe manufacturers in the country, beginning business before the great revolution was effected in boot and shoe making, and aiding largely, throughout his business career of fifty-three years, in the development of the industry to its present grand proportions. He and his sons are Massachusetts men by birth and training, experts in the shoe trade, and combine ripe experience and vigorous enterprise to form a firm of commanding influence, wide popularity and solid worth. A.RK ANDREWS & CO., Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers in Overcoats, Reefers and Ulsters, No. 4G Summer Street.— The prosperous business controlled by Messrs. Mark Andrews & Co., manufacturers and wliolesale dealers in spring, fall and winter overcoats, reefers and ulsters, at No. 46 Summer Street, was established thirteen years ago at Belfast, Me., the character of the house at that date being that of wholesale manufacturers and retail dealers. The occupation of the present premises and the adoption of the existing conditions occurred during the year 1891. The goods handled by the house are of the highest order of superiority aud the connection extends throughout the entire New England section. The' premises occupied cover a superficial area of 2,500 feet and their management is the perfection of systematic control. A staff of six skilled employees is maintained, Mr. Andrews being himself a practical cutter and clothing manufacturer, and the connection of the house is visited by a corps of efficient drummers. Mr. Andrews is a native of Maine. OHN CONLON & CO., Importers of and Wholesale Dealers in Wines and Liquors, Nos. 198 and 200 Lincoln Street.-— This bouse has been established since the year 1863, Mr. Conlon himself having been the founder of the business, the original title John Conlon & Co., having always been in use, notwithstanding the f-act that the founder had never associated with him a partner in his enterprise. In addition to conducting an importing business of extensive volume, Messrs. John Conlon & Co., transact a heavy business as wholesale dealers. Every choice brand of goods engages the attention of the fii-m, the specialty being " Old Elm Whiskey." An immense stock of choice goods of all kinds is constantly kept and the house ships goods to the Union; the major proportion of the operations of the concern, however, being confined to New England. The premises ver an area of 25 x 75 feet, and comprise three well-appointed and arranged floors. They are excellently located near the Albany Depot and a staff of ten assistants is required in the management. Messrs. Conlon & Co. take just pride in the excel- goods they handle and furnish exhaustive price-lists upon application. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. A. MOORE, Commission, Boots and Siioes, No. 116 Summer Street.— In no branch of trade is sounder judgment, wider experience and greater care required than in that devoted to boots and shoes. It is also apparent that nowhere in the world so greatly as in Boston—the very heart and center of the American boot and shoe industry— is the trade educated up to such a high and critical standard; thus it reflects the greatest credit upon the ability of Mr. J. A. Moore, the well-known commission merchant in this line, at No. 116 Summer Street, to control a trade of such a character as he does. This gentleman has been identified with the shoe trade for the past twenty years, and is now the selling agent for Parker & Peakes, of Bangor, Me., manufacturers of men's, boys' and youths' medium grade shoes, who employ 400 hands and turn out 300 cases per day; also for the Blount Holly Shoe Company, of Mount Holly, N. J., children's machine turned shoes, who do a business of $150,000, per year; and the Taber Felt Boot Company, of Fredonia, N. Y., having a capacity of seventy-five cases a day. Mr. Moore handles the entire product of these three factories, the proprietors of which never lower the quality of their goods but always seek to raise it. Jobbers are supplied in quantities to suit direct from the factory and at the shortest possible notice, while a full line of samples are carried here, where the trade can readily make their selections. The largest orders are filled with promptness and care, and goods are shipped to all parts of the United States, a permanent and influential demand having been created from Bangor, Maine, to Portland, Oregon, and from Baltimore to New Orleans. Mr. Moore is a native of Western New York, and has been established in the commission trade here since 1881. He is a member of the Boston Boot and Shoe Club and the Fifty Associates, and enjoys the esteem and confidence of a wide circle of manu- facturers and dealers throughout the country. M. BULLOCK, Real Estate and Business Chances, No. 3S5 Washington Street, Room A.— Few among the number engaged in the handling of realty and kindred interests in Boston are better known or stand higher in public esteem than the gentleman whose name heads this sketch. He has been established in the sphere of activity above indicated for over fifteen years, and has acquired an extensive and substantial patronage, numbering in his clientele some of the largest property owners in and around the city. Mr. Bullock, whose office is at No. 325 Washington Street, (Room A), is a man of middle age, born in this State and resides at Franklin, Mass, He is a gentleman of strict integrity in his dealings, as well as of energy and thorough business experience, and enjoys an enviable reputation in real estate and commercial circles. Mr. Bullock is a general real estate and busi- ness agent and broker, buying and selling all kinds of city and country property, including private residences, lodging-houses, stores, etc., and has some desirable farms for sale. Rents are promptly collected, and estates taken in charge and judiciously managed, while appraise- ments are made for intending purchasers and investments desirably placed. In short, all classes of business pertaining to the purchase, sale, care and management of realty are engaged in, and those having dealings with Mr. Bullock are assured of finding the same both pleasant and profitable. I EORGE H. HAYES, Ship, Derrick and General Iron Worker, No. 207 Commercial Street.— This concern was estabhshed in 1888 by the Eastern Block Company, the present proprietor succeeding in March, 1890. The premises occupied comprise a shop 25 X 50 feet in dimensions, equipped with everything necessary for the successful prosecution of the business. From four to six skilled workmen are employed. Anything in the line of general ship forging is done here, including iron blocks, chains, small anchors, etc. Mr. Hayes is a practical workman, gives to the business his personal supervision and has thus far been eminently successful in meeting all the demands of the trade. Mr. Hayes is a native of Bath, Maine, and has been in Boston thirteen years and has had many years' experience in this line, having been for ten years with the Bagnall & Loud Block Company. N. SNOW & SON, Provisions, Groceries, Etc., No. 253 Atlantic Avenue.— Few mercantile houses have enjoyed more unin- terrupted prosperity during a long career; than that of Messrs. J. N. Snow & Son, the well-known dealers in provisions, groceries and general ship stores, located at No. 253 Atlantic Avenue. This representative house was established in 1857 by Mr. J. N. Snow and in October, 1890, the present firm was organized by the admission of Mr. I. W. Snow to partnership. The premises occupied for trade purposes are spacious in size and thoroughly fitted up for the proper handhng and preser- vation of the choice and valuable stock. The business is both of a wholesale and retail character and the prices and quality of goods are always such as to command a very brisk trade. The supplies are received direct from manufacturers and first hands and com- mend their own merits to the confidence and patronage of critical and discriminating buyers. Orders by telephone No. 3088, by telegraph and mail receive immediate and careful attention, and goods are promptly delivered at any of the docks or railroads in the city or in the suburbs. Prices are placed at the low^est figures and the greatest care is exercised to meet the wants of all classes of patrons. The senior partner was born on Gape Cod and has resided in this city for the past thirty-five years. The son is a native Bostonian and combines his vigor and ability with the ripe experience of his father to form a firm of eminent popularity and solid worth. I ARVEY MANUFACTURING CO., No. 29 Temple Place.— The Harvey Manufacturing Company was organized and incor- porated in 1891, under the State laws of Maine, with a capital stock of $500,000, and was an outcome of the business origi- nally founded in 1883 by Mr. S. B. Harvey. The officers of the company are: President, Geo. L. F. Harriman; secretary, J. F. Rowell; treasurer, S. B. Harvey, inventor of the Ladies' Delight Tailor System, and of the United States Standard Adjustable Form, which the company are putting upon the market. The Form combines the best features of all figures that have ever been manufactured. It can be elevated to any required height and made to revolve at will; so that the artist can sit while at work on the bottom of the skirt. It is on casters, and is of solid construction and intended for use. It is guaranteed against imperfections in material or manufacture. The figure is without a rival. The neck opens by drawing up on the cylinder head, and adjusts the neck and bust perfectly to any size. At the company's salesrooms at No. 29 Temple Place will be found the largest assortment of forms and skirt forms in New England. The prices range from two dollars and upwards, Harvey's system of dressmaking can be learned in from two to three months, taking tw^o lessons per week, the price per lesson being one dollar. The company receive pupils from aU parts of New England and the West, and some forty are at present receiving instruction. Garment and dressmaking and millinery work are executed in all their branches, in the highest style of the art. H. BISHOP, Merchant Tailor, No. 34 School Street.— This is probably the oldest house of the kind in Boston, having been founded in the early '20's by Mr. L. A. Huntington, who continued for many years at the head of affairs, when he was suc- ceeded by Messrs. Hoyle & Kingsbury. In 1876 Mr. Bishop became the proprietor. He had entered the establishment in 1858, and had been in the employ of both Mr. Huntington and Messrs. Hoyle & Kingsbury. He is an expert practical cutter, and famous for the excellent fitting clothing made by him. One of his assistants has been employed in this house for the past fifty-nine years, and is the oldest active tailor in Boston. Mr. Bishop is a direct importer of French and English fabrics and at all times carries a full stock of the newest novelties in patterns and designs, and a perfect fitting garment is guaranteed in every instance. Mr. Bishop is a native of Bath, England, but has resided in Boston the greater part of his life. Here he is familiarly known as a straightforward, obliging, painstaking business man. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATUEE. JOSEPH CLEVE & CO., Foreign and Native Wines and Liquors, Nos. 9 and 11 Cambridge Street.— Tliose who appreciate fine wines and liquors can rely upon always obtaining goods of absolute purity at the warehouse of Mr. Joseph Cleve & Co. They handle only the highest grades of foreign and native wines and liquors, and supply first-class family trade exclusively ; doing the largest business in this particular Une of any house in the city. They sell at retail only and conduct their business upon a strictly cash basis. They employ live salesmen and fill orders from all parts of the city and suburbs. The store is 40 x 50 feet in dimensions, with storage cellar of the same size. The stock is at all times very large and complete. The imported wines comprise many old and famous vintages: and those of domestic production are from the most celebrated sources of supply. Fine whiskies constitute a specialty in which the stock is unsurpassed. Mr. Cleve established this business in 1873, at its present location. He was for- merly in the grocery and provision trade in Roxbury, Mass. He was born in Germany, but has Uved in this country since boyhood. HADBOURNE & MOORE, Manufacturers and Jobbers of Shoe Goods, Woolens a Specialty, No. ISO Bedford Street.— Although established as at present only since January, 1891, Messrs. Chadbourne & Moore, wholesale dealers in shoe goods, No. 130 Bedford Street, have already built up a flourishing business. They make a specialty of fine goods for the shoe trade and sell extensively to shoe manufacturers throughout New England and the West. Mr. J. H. Chadbourne, who is a gentleman in the prime of life and a native and resident of Watertown, Mass., has had ten years' experience in the business. The firm is selling agent for the Gleudale Elastic Fabrics Co., the Hopedale Elastic Fabrics Co., and the Russell Manufacturing Co. Mr. W. B. Moore, his partner, who is also a comparatively young man, born at Ware, N. H. and residing at Lynn, Mass., has been cormected with the shoe trade for twelve years. Both are men of energy and enterprise, as well as of ample experience. They occupy commodious quarters as office and salesroom, and keep on hand always a large and first-class stock, while an eiificient staff is employed. The assortment in;ludes all kinds of fabrics used in footwear manufacture, and every article sold by this responsible house is fully wan-anted. The prices quoted, too, are maintained at the very lowest figures consistent with quality of goods, the firm being in a position to offer substantial inducements to shoe manufacturers, and all orders are attended to in the most expeditious and trustworthy manner. B. HUMPHREY, Importer of Diamonds, and Diamond Cutter. No. 383 Washington Street.— A branch of industry in which the most delicate judgment and most expert skill must be exercised is that of diamond cutting. At every stage of the process the utmost care must be used to prevent any waste of the precious material and to preserve those perfect propor- tions upon which the brilliancy of the finished gem depends. Although but comparatively few American workmen have acquired the art, which for centuries was known only to the Dutch Jews, and by them most jealously guarded, their native skill and ingenuity has enabled them to so far improve upon the foreign methods of cutting, that in this, as in many other branches of mechanical Industry, America now leads the world. Among the first to engage in the business in Boston was John B. Humphrey, whose factory at No. 383 Washington Street is now the only one of its kind in New England. Mr. Humphrey established his enterprise in 1876, on Bromfield Street, and removed to his present quarters five years ago. He is a thoroughly experienced diamond cutter, and employs a stafiE of ten competent assistants. The commodious premises occupied are equipped with the finest special machinery, operated by steam- power. Mr. Humphrey carries on a general business as a diamond cutter, giving special attention to recutting, matching and repairing. He is, also, a direct importer of and dealer in fine diamonds, at all times carrying a stock of the choicest stones. The trade of the house extends all throughout New England and the Western States. Mr. Humphrey is a native of Maine and for twenty-five years a resident of Boston. S.4.NF0RD & SONS, of New York. Carpets, Harry B. Richmond, Representative, No. 533 Washington Street.— Messrs. S. Santord & Sons, Carpet Manufacturers, of Amsterdam, New York, are probably the second largest in this important industry in the world, and their goods, now well-known in both hemispheres, are popularly regarded in the trade as of the highest standard of make and quahty . This eminent undertaking was founded in 1838, and its annual output now aggregates one hundred and thirty-five thousand pieces of fifty yards each; all of which are either tapestry or fine velvet-pile carpet; although Axminster carpet will soon be turned out; the firm's manufactory — containing three hundred and twenty -five looms— now being enlarged for that purpose. Branch offices are maintained at No. 869 Broadway, New York City, No. 188 Wabash Avenue, Chicago, 111., and in this city at No. 533 Washington Street. This latter was inaugurated two and a halt years ago by the present representative, Mr. Harry B. Richmond, under whose very able and skilful direction its every detail is conducted. The trade from this city reaches among jobbers, dealers and other wholesale consumers throughout the New England States. Mr. Richmond is a native of New York, has been engaged in this line for the past ten years and was formerly engaged with Messrs. Arnold, Constable & Co., of New York. B. HOSMER, Commission Merchant, and Dealer in Foreign and Domestic Fruit, Basement, No. 9 North Market Street.— No house in the fruit trade on North Market Street is better known or maintains a higher commercial standing than that of G. B. Hosmer. It. was established many years ago by F. W. Mitchell, who was succeeded by Euslin & Trow, who were in turn succeeded by Littlefield & Euslin. the firm name later becoming Littlefield & Hosmer, under which style the business was ' conducted up to 1889, when the gentleman whose name heads this sketch assumed sole control. Mr. Hosmer is a commission merchant and wholesale dealer, handhng all kinds of foreign and domestic fruits, and makes a specialty of bananas and handles oranges and lemons. He receives from various points, and ships throughout Maine, New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The quarters occupied are commodious, ample and well-appointed, and a large stock is constantly kept on hand, all orders receiving immediate attention; and relations once formed with this responsible house are reasonably certain of leading to an enduring business connection. Mr. Hosmer was born in Maine, but has been in this city some twenty years, and is a well-known member of the Boston Fruit and Produce Exchange. ILLIAM K. CRAIG & CO., Machinists and Engineers, No. 9 Quincy Row.— Messrs. William K. Craig & Co., machinists and engineers, are manufacturers of and dealers in boilers, engines, elevators, shafting, pulleys, etc., and give particular atten- tion to the inspection of elevators and the repairing of machinery in general. They also construct coffee roasting machinery, with all the necessary connections. Their establishment is well-equipped, and they have in their employ twelve skilled mechan- ics. The firm was organized and commenced business at the present locality three years ago, occupying the second floor, 30 X 50 feet in dimensions. The partners are William K. Craig and William J. Donovan, natives of this State; the former of middle age, the latter a young man. They are both thoroughly skilled and experienced machinists and engineers, Mr. Craig having been foreman for George T. McLaughlin for ten years, while Mr. Donovan worked for the same concern eight years. Mr. Craig devotes his attention to the inside work of the establishment, while Mr. Donovan looks after outside affairs and makes personal inspection of elevators. He is a member of the city government and is identified as an active member of the American Order of Foresters and other societies. 370 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. IDAMS HOUSE, George O. Hall, Proprietor, No. 553 Washington Street.— The Adams House is one of the representative insti- tutions and a valued feature of Boston, combining in the most perfect manner every comfort, elegance and convenience with the refined and quiet atmosphere of the best circles of home life. It occupies the site of its predecessor of half a century ago and was opened to the public September 20, 1883,%y Messrs. Hall & Whipple, the present proprietor, Mr. George G. Hall, suc- ceeding to the sole control in 1886. It has ever been a favorite stopping-place for the eminent in every profession and those most prominent in public life. Repeated enlargements of this magnificent hotel have at different periods been necessitated to meet the growing demands of the public and it is now one of the largest on the continent. With its superb accommodations, elegant appointments and expert management, the Adams House is known at home and abroad as one of the best kept^ most luxurious and popular hotels in the country. It is a noble specimen of architectural achievement, its solid and ornate marble front being, a conspicuous feature in a neighborhood of massive and imposing business structures. The main building is erected of white Vermont marble, six stories in height, while the additions made in 1887 and 1891 are of stone and brick and five stories each. The accommodations for guests embrace fifty-five suites of parlor, bedroom and bath, and 405 single rooms, with two large dining-rooms on the first floor, seating 400 people, all conducted on the European plan. Every modern accessory of the decorator, cabinet-maker and upholsterer have been utilized and the entire house is a beautiful and artistic exhibit of the most advanced achievement in the above lines. Marble wainscots and staircases, mosaic-tiled floors, frescoed ceilings, mahogany finished and decorated walls, with furniture and furnishings in keeping, characterize the apartments and corri- dors of this palatial hotel. It embraces every modern improvement, including electric lights, two passenger elevators, steam heat, electric bells, a spacious billiard hall, a well-managed barber-shop and a finely stocked bar, while there are two pubhc parlors and a reception-room on the second floor and a ladies' reception-room on the office floor. The cuisine of the Adams is made the constant study of the most expert caterers and an experienced staff of assistants meet the demands of the elaborate bills of fare for which this house is so widely noted. The most celebrated statesmen, diplomats and railway magnates of the present day are guests of the Adams when in Boston, and it is recognized as the beau ideal home for gentlemen, while its praises are sung by both sexes all over the world. Mr. Hall, the esteemed proprietor, was born in Bristol, R. I., and has resided in Boston since boyhood. He is a member of the National Hotel Men's Association and a host among a thousand, one who understands how to meet the wants of the most critical and fastidious of guests; and, with the able assistance of his brother, Mr. A. D. Hall, as assistant manager, Messrs. Jno. J. Warden and Gaino Sampson as room clerks and Mr. E. D. Plummer as cashier, has made the Adams House the " Mecca '" for all who appreciate good living. HUTUAL RESERVE FUND LIFE ASSOCIATION, George L. Lewis, RIanager, New England Branch, No. 120 Tremont Street.— The three generations of the mighty American pubhc now mingling in the mortal arena— the young man just across the threshold of the business world, the man in his prime who has about gauged the extent of his capacities and the elderly man whose increasing years and lessening strength warn him that life's day has a limit— all are equally interested in the mighty problems involved in life insurance. This age finds the community largely one of thoughtful and intelligent men, who have full knowledge of the value and benefits of life insurance and are educated up to the duties inherent upon them to protect their families, but who are apt to become bewildered as to which is the company and scheme best adapted to meet their requirements. Among the companies whose methods and plans have been examined, the Mutual Reserve Fund .Life Association, of New York, seems to offer most substantial inducements. This association is represented in Boston by Mr. George L. Lewis, as manager for New England, with head- quarters at No. 120 Tremont Street. It is the largest purely mutual life association in the world and provides perfect insurance at the lowest cost consistent with the greatest security, or at about one-half the usual rates charged by the old-system companies. Its reserve fund now amounts to $3,179,720.64, while its total death claims, paid to the widows and orphans and beneficiaries of deceased members are $12,030,141.- 59. The admission fee, payable once only and the annual dues for expenses of management, are limited to a fixed charge per $1,000 of insur- ance, payable in advance and is uniform for all ages. The Mortuary Fund to pay death claims is collected separately and kept distinct. Applicants for $20,000 or more must not be over fifty-five years of age and be recommended by two physicians on separate examinations. On the first week day of the months, of February, April, June, August, October and December, mortuary calls are made upon the living members for the sum required to meet the approved death claims, including the Reserve Fund. The sum required from each member is according to age and amount of insurance held. Members desiring to pay, annually or otherwise, in advance, may do so at the maximum rate, and the amount not required during the year will be applied to reduce the next payment. The pillars of strength of this association are a reserve fund, graded rates, selected risks, the tontine system, an open ledger and a Trust Company to protect the reserve fund. It has a million dollars of insurance in force in Boston, on 1,500 members, while its annual business averages $50,000,000. Its total policies in force now aggregate $215,207,910. Its executive officers are Edward B. Harper, president; John W. Vrooman. treasurer; F. T. Braman, secretaiy; Louis Y. Manning, assistant secretary; all of whom are expert authorities in life insurance matters and stand high in the financial world. Mr. Lewis, the manager for New England, is a native of Connecticut, in the prime of life, an experienced and successful life underwTiter and a reliable, responsible business man. j OONSOCKET RUBBER COMPANY, Lincoln and Essex Streets.— As a source of supplies for every kind of manufactured goods the city of Boston possesses advantages and facilities to meet the wants of the country equal, if not superior, to any other city in the Union. Numerous and varied as are the industries here represented, they are ever multiplying, happily as the city expands itself and the population increases. One of the enterprises which have gained a permanent establishment in our midst and assumed the leading position in its line is the agency of the Woonsocket Rubber Company, located at Lincoln and Essex Streets, under the management of Mr. E. H. Cutler, as selling agent. This company has a reputation and a trade practically world-wide, as manufacturers of rubber boots and shoes, with factories at Woonsocket, R. I., and Millville, Mass. where they give employment to a thousand hands, and conduct one of the leading industries of New England. The company was incorporated in 1867, and is officered as follows; Joseph Eanigan, president; Frederick Cook, treasurer; and W. S. Ballou, general manager; all of whom reside in Providence, R. I., while the main offices of the company are at Providence, Boston and New York. The Boston office was opened about 1870, on Pearl Street, and in 1875 Mr. Cutler took the management. In 1889 the present oremises were occupied, consisting of a wareroom, 50 X 150 feet in dimensions, with a basement of the same size, lor storage, and every facility is at hand for promptly supplying the most extensive demand. The house has pursued a thoroughly successful career, and vigilance, push and the highest commercial integrity have been its characteristics from the outset. The stock carried is immense and comprehensive, embracing, as it does, every grade, style and size of rubber boots and shoes, and which are recognized wherever introduced as the highest type of perfection as regards both quahty of material, reliability of workmanship and uniform excellence. Receiving his supplies direct from the manufacturers and in immense quanti- ties, Mr. Cutler cannot be undersold in the market, while he is able to offer terms with which no other house in the trade can possibly com- pete. The goods of this company ai-e shipped to all parts of the United States, the British Provinces. England, France and Germany, Mexico and Switzerland, and are the standard the world over. Mr. Cutler, the seUing agent, is a native Bostonian, who has always followed this line of trade, and is a young man of large business experience, wide acquaintance and sterling personal worth. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 371 ILLIAM J. DINSMORE, Manufacturer of Regalia and Supplies, No. 531 Washington Street.— The manufacture of sociely regalia, badges and jewels is an important industry, owing to the great number of fraternal orders that exist, and a leading representative of the industry in this city is -Mr. William J. Dinsmore, whose place of business is at No. 531 Washington Street. Mr. Dinsmore has long been favorably known in business and social circles. Having had thorough experience he, in June, 1887, estabhshed business at No. 15 Harrison Avenue Ebctension, removing to his present address in 1888, and he has always met with the most substantial success in his enterprise. The quarters occupied for the business'are equipped with all requisite facilities, and employment is found for from ten to eighteen skilled hands. Mr. Dinsmore manufactures and deals at wholesale and retail in every description of society regalia, badges, jewels, regalia and supplies for the orders of Masonry, I. O. O. F., Red Men, K. of H., U. O. G. C, A. O. U. W., etc., and designs and manufactures goods in this line for new societies. Estimates are furnished at shortest notice, and satisfaction is guaranteed in everything ordered from this establishment, while the prices are of the most reasonable character. Mr. Dinsmore is a member of the Masonic Order, also of the Red Men and other fraternities, and enjoys the esteem of all who know him. -He has recently enlarged his shops and facilities for handling his growing business and published the most elaborate and compre- hensive catalogue of badges, banners, trimmings and general society supplies that has ever been issued. It contains over eleven hundred illustrations, showing some of the latest novelties as well as the older and standard patterns of the various lines of goods listed. Mr. Dins- more attributes his success to giving personal attention to business, making reliable goods at correct prices and serving his customers promptly. REYNOLDS & HALEY, Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Beef, Pork, Lard, Hams, Sausages, Tripe, Pigs' Feet, Bologna Sausages, Etc.. Nos. 78 and 80 Faneuil Hall Market.— The prosperous business owned and controlled by Messrs. Reynolds & Haley, of Nos. 78 and 80 Faneuil Hall Market, Boston, is an evolution of a concern founded in the year 1851, by one J. B. Severens. That gentleman was succeeded by the firm of Severens & Haley, which name in turn, gave place to that of A. S. Haley, the predecessor of the existing firm, Mr. J. D. Haley of the present firm being his brother. Messrs. Rey nolds & Haley are wholesale and retail dealers in beef, pork, lard, hams, sausages, tripe, pigs' feet, bologna sausage, etc., the house handUng largely Western goods, the connection of the concern being located in Boston and vicinity. The premises occupied by the house comprise two cellars and two stalls. These are models of completeness and able management, and form one of the attrac- tions of the historic and flourishing Faneuil Hall Market. The partners are Mr. W. P. Reynolds and Mr. J. D. Haley, respectively, sound, able, courteous and conscientious men of business, meriting the respect of all. Mr. Reynolds has been at this stall for the past fifteen years, was allied with Mr. A. S. Haley during a period of twelve years, his sojourn in the market having commenced during the year 1877. He is a native of New Market, N. H., while Mr. Haley comes from Wolfborough, in the same State. His residence in Boston covers a period of ten years, five of which have been spent as an occupant of the market. A. TWOMBLY, Florist, No. 161 Tremont Street.— One of Boston's best known and most popular florists is W. A. Twom- bly. He was formerly the junior partner of the firm of S. W. Twombly & Sons, established in 1874, and upon the retirement of his father and brother, in 1889, assumed sole control of the business. Mr. Twombly was born in this city, and is a practi- cal and experienced florist, and is thoroughly conversant with every feature and detail of the business. He occupies a commodious and neatly appointed store and basement, and his place is fitted up with patent cash railway service, electric light and all conveniences, while an efficient staff of assistants is employed. A large and inviting stock is always kept on hand here, and includes choice cut flowers, fresh and fragrant roses, beautiful floral designs, elegant boutonnieres and bouquets, wreaths, baskets, rustic work, mosses, grasses, plants in great variety, and everything in this line. Appropriate emblematic designs are made for all occasions at short notice, special attention being given to weddings and funerals, and all orders by telephone (215) will receive prompt atten- tion. Cut flowers are a specialty, and floral decorations of every description are attended to in the most superior manner. GROSS & CO., Beef, Pork, Lard, Hams, Etc., Cellar No. 10 North Side, Nos. 62 and 64 Faneuil Hall Market.— This prominent house was founded by Messrs. Cook & Conant as far back as 1836. Upon the retirement of Mr. Cook, during the course of the year 1846, the firm name became Conant & Gross, and, in 1851, during which year Mr. Conant withdrew from the firm, the house was under the sole control of Mr. Isaac S. Gross. That gentleman died, deeply lamented, in 1873, and the business then came into the control of Mr. J. Gross, the present partnership of J. Gross & Co. being formed in 1885. The firm are dealers in beef, pork, lard, hams, etc., handling a full line of these goods, its transactions being with steamers, vessels, retailers and jobbers; the house, moreover, supplying families, hotels and restaurants, the operations of the firm being in native and Western goods. The premises occupied by the house are excellently located. Cellar No. 10, on the North Side, is used for storage and the house also owns a storage at No. 17 Fulton Street. The partners are Mr. J. Gross and Mr. C. M. Ryder, both of whom are members of the Chamber of Commerce, Mr. Gross being a native of Cape Cod, now residing in Somerville, and Mr. Ryder is a native of Prince Edward Island, but has lived in Boston for the past twenty years. fl ING & GODDARD, Pipe, Fittings, Plumbers' Supplies, Pumps, Hose, Etc., Nos. 11 and 13 Wendell Street.— Though only a few years established, King & Goddard, wholesale dealers in pipe, fittings, pumps, hose, cotton and rubber belting, hydrants, plumbers' materials, etc., have already reached the fore-front rank in their line, and have an extensive and flourish- ing trade throughout the United States. The quarters occupied as office, salesroom, etc., are spacious, commodious, and well-equipped, and a staff of eight or more is employed in the concern. An exceedingly large and varied stock is constantly kept on hand here, and includes automatic fire extinguishers, bath tubs, brass pipe and fittings, belting, bibbs, cement-lined pipe, chain pumps, cistern pumps, copper pumps, corporation cocks, corrugated pipe, cotton belting, cotton hose, (Eureka) cucumber pumps, Douglas pumps, drive points, enameled pipe and fittings, filters, fire hose, fire pumps, fittings, force pumps, galvanized pipe and fittings, gar- den hose, gas pipe and fittings, grates, gauges, hair felting, hose, hose pipes, hydrants, iron pipe, iron pumps, Johnson pumps, lace leather, lawn sprinklers, linen hose, Lowell spray nozzles, mill hose, (Eureka) nozzles, all kinds of oil cups, packing, plumbers' materials, pipe and fit- tings, pipe hooks, (Eclipse) pumps, pump leather, rubber bucket pumps, rubber belting, hose packing, (Hamilton) service boxes, soil pipe and fittings, spiral pipe, steam pipe and fittings, hose pumps, tan liquor pipe, union pumps, valves, water pipe and fittings, wood pipe, wood pumps, woven hose, etc. etc., the following being leading specialties, " Perfection " lawn sprinklers, " Clean Sweep " sewer and gas traps, the *' Lowell " and " Gem " hose nozzles, Thurston's automatic hose reel, and Hall's hose mender. Every article sold is fully warranted, and the prices quoted are maintained at the lowest consistent figures, liberal inducements being offered to the trade, while all orders are promptly and reliably attended to. Mr. C. W. King, who is a Bostonian by birth, was formerly with Fuller, Dana & Fitz, this city, for quite a time. Mr. W. M. Goddard was born in this State, and was for a number of years with Geo. Draper & Son, manufacturer of special- ties, Hopedale, Mass. 372 BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. COLONIAL HOUSE J F &C H SMITH -^RlHIIECTS F. 8k G. H. smith. Architects, No. 23 School Street.— Few, if any, among Boston's leading architects enjoy a better reputa- tion for skill and reliability than J. F. & G. H. Smith, whose office is at No. 22 School Street, Room 10. The firm is certainly a thoroughly responsible -one, and receives a highly flattering measure of recognition, its patronage extending throughout the State. The Messrs. Smith occupy well-equipped quarters at the address above noted, and employ several competent assistants. They are prepared to make plans for buildings of every description, giving special attention to residences, business blocks, church edifices and high-class structures, and guarantee the utmost satisfaction. Designs, , etc. are furnished at short notice, while construction is personally supervised, and all work undertaken by these gentlemen is certain to be performed in the most expeditious, careful and superior manner. Mr. J. F. Smith, who is a gentleman of middle-age, bom in Maine, has long been a prominent builder and contractor in this city, and Mr. G. H. Smith, his son and partner, is a comparatively young man and a Bostonian by birth. He is a thoroughly expert draughtsman and a skilful all-round architect, of ample experience in his pro- fession, master of the art in all its branches. Mr. Smith the younger is a graduate of the Massachusetts School of Technology, and is a member of the Boston Architectural Club. He was formerly draughtsman for F. L. Smith, and prior to the inception of the present copart- nership in June, 1891, was a member of the firm of Hill & Smith for several years. specificati URPHY & McCarthy, publishers and Manufacturers, No. 75 Essex Street.— The date of the foundation of this house, occurred in 1873, in Providence, R. I., the Boston office having been established in 1875 and the New York office in 1885. Messrs. Murphy and McCarthy are pubhshers and manufacturers; the specialty being Catholic and historical works; the leading book now published by the house being " Discourses from the Pulpit." A conception of the character and excel- lence of that work may be gathered from a perusal of a review of the same appearing in " The Pilot" for July 25, 1891. The following is an extract from such review: "In 'Discourses from the Pulpit' a remarkable volume is offered to the Catholic laity. Here are grouped sermons by Cardinal Wiseman, Cardinal Manning, Cardinal Newman, and Cardinal Gibbons; Arch- bishop Ryan, Bishop Conroy and Father Ryan, Father Mernck, Father Buckley, Father CKeefe, Father Farrell, Father Maguire, Father- Lambing and Father Brann * * * The varied nature of the discourses, which range from the purely devotional, adapted to special sea- sons, to the controversial, especially adapts the volume to family use as it contains something to suit all tastes." The Boston office is.^ the center for the New England trade; the house employing canvassers constantly traversing the region; the principle upon which/ Messrs. Murpl y and McCarthy dispose of their works in Boston being the installment plan, the New York house being engaged at wholesale as well as installments. The control of the Boston office is in the hands of Mr. A. A. Moynahan, who has been in charge of the establishment since 1885, when be also opened the New York office. He is a native of Ireland, his residence in America dating from, his boyhood. BOSTON; ITS FINANCE, COMMERCE AND LITERATURE. 27a jl MERICAN CO-OPERATIVE ASSOCIATION, Manufacturers of Exclusively Hand-Made Fine Havana and Domestic Cigars, No. 150 State Street.— Though only a year or so established, this house has already built up a large and flourishing business. The secret of its prosperity is not far to seek, however. Turning out a distinctly superior article, prompt and reliable in fill- ing orders and withal, exceptionally low in their prices, quality of goods considered, they have been enabled to achieve the success that has attended their well-directed efforts. Messrs. Edward J. Tomlin, H. Finkler andM. Harris, the proprietors, are all gentlemen in the prime of life and natives of Boston. They are all men of practical skill and thorough experience, as well as of energy and enterprise, and are active members of Cigarmakers' Union, No. 97, of this city. They occupy for manufacturing pur- poses, the whole of a 25 s 125 foot floor, with ample and complete facilities and employ a dozen or more expert hands. Their special brands, " A. C. A.," ten cent cigar and " 150," five cent cigar, are made from carefully selected, thoroughly prepared and best available Havana and domestic leaf by first-class workmen, by hand entirely, and are noted for choice flavor, purity, finish and all other features of merit, being maintained at a uniformly high standard. A large and very fine stock is constantly kept on hand, all orders for the trade receiving prompt attention, while the most liberal inducements are offered to dealers, and relations once formed with the American Co-op&rative Association, are reasonably certain of leading to an enduring business connection. M. McPHAIL PIANO CO., No. 167 Tremont Street.— Of the many characteristic and noteworthy piano manufacturing con- cerns in Boston not one has been more surely and deservedly successful than has the A. M. McPhail Piano Company, whose wareroom? are located at No. 167 Tremont Street, with factory at No. 520 Harrison Avenue. This well-known house was established nearly fifty years ago by Mr. Andrew M. McPhail; and under his thorough, conservative and well-directed efforts the business has always rested on a firm basis, and there never has been a time in the history of the concern when the instruments have not borne an unimpeachable reputation for superior musical excellence and thoroughly honest con- struction. In the spring of 1891 the present company was incorporated under the Massachusetts State laws, with a cash capital of $40,000,, and with Mr. A. M. McPhail, president; Mr. William Barry Owen, treasurer; Mr. John C. Warren, secretary and general manager. Only the very highest grade of goods is manufactured by this company, it being the intention and business principle of the concern to constantly maintain the first-class reputation acquired for these instruments under Mr. McPhail's careful management. Although Mr. McPhail still retains his connection with the company as its president, yet from his advancing years it is, necessarily, not possible for him to keep up his active work in the business, and the responsibility of the development of the enterprise therefore devolves upon the remaining officers, who- are, through many years of experience, thoroughly competent to conduct it to a successful issue. The results of last year's work have surpassed all expectations and have been exceedingly gratifying, as showing that a g