Be ee See Roe 
 
 Coie MeN 1. ot EE 
 
 On the PETITION of the Court. of Directors of the 
 
 SIERRA LEONE COMPANY. 
 
 Reported by Lord Viscount CasTLEREAGH, 25th May 1802. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Fir snrnemnenssiiaigemareenmine ae - at 8 ne 
 
 - Wor. A: 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 (May 1802.) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ee pe ee Ne 
 
 REPORT from the Committee on the 
 
 REPORT from the Cemmittee on the Peririon of the 
 Court of Directors of the Sr—ERRA Leong Company. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Reported 
 
 
 
 D5th May 1802. 
 
 ee ne 
 
 a 
 
 Tur COMMITTEE, to whom the Petition. of the Court of Directors of ihe 
 Sierra Leone Company, was referred; and who were empowered to report 
 their Observations thereupon, to the Howuse;—Have, pursuant to the Order 
 of the House, examined the Matter of the said Petition : 
 
 ae Your Committee, for the better information of 
 the Houfe, think it their duty to annex, in the Ap- 
 pendix to their Report, a ftatement, delivered in by the chair- 
 man of the Court of Directors of the Sierra Leone Com- 
 pany; which will fully explain the prefent ftate of the efta- 
 blifhment on that part of the coaft of Africa, as well as the 
 general profpetts of the Company in the event of their receiv- 
 ing from Parhament an adequate encouragement, as well as 
 the difficulties which will occur, in cafe the colony fhould 
 be relinquithed. 
 
 They have alfo’annexed the evidence of certain perfons, 
 which appears to them calculated to throw further light on 
 fome material parts of the ftatement alluded to. 
 
 Upen the whole of the enquiry, Your Committee think 
 it expedient to {tate to the Houfe, the leading faéts, which 
 appear to them to have been eftablifhed from the evidence 
 laid beforewthem :— : : 
 
 That the funds, which have been annually granted by 
 Parliament, are infufficient to give that degree of fecurity 
 to the colony of Sierra Leone, which is neceflary to the 
 maintenance of the fettlement. 
 
 ‘That unlefs additional funds are granted, the colony muft 
 be relinguihed : 
 
 That in the event of the fettlement being abandoned, 
 the expences which would fall upon the Public from the 
 neceffity of providing for the Maroons and Nova Scotian 
 Settlers, may probably for fome time not fall materially 
 fhort of the fum,which the direétors.of-the Sierra Leone 
 Company have ftatedas fufficient for the. dué-maintenance 
 and fupport of the eftablifhment: 
 
 
 
 kp PoE 
 
 Nw 
 
 That the ftate of the colony, notwithftanding the many 
 difficulties which it has experienced (arifing principally from 
 the war, and other temporary caufes) cannot be confidered 
 as having afforded any indication of the impraCticability of 
 effecting the chief objeéts of the Company; but that, on 
 the contrary, there is ftrong reafon to expett, that, with due 
 penfeverance and encouragement, when thofe temporary ob- 
 fiructions have ceafed to operate, many of the advantages 
 originally propofed from the fettlement, and in particular the 
 introduétion of habits of induftry and civilization amongft 
 the natives of Africa, may be realized. 
 
 Of the progrefs of education within the fettlement, Your 
 Committee have had fatisfactory proof laid before them. Of 
 the acquirements of the native children who have been re- 
 moved to this country for education, Your Committee have 
 been enabled to judge by their own perfoual obfervation ; 
 and they have traced with peculiar fatisfa€tion, not only the 
 extent of their information, but the ftriking degree of natural 
 talents which thefe children have difplayed. 
 
 Your Committee think it unneceffary to add further ob- 
 fervations on the fubjeét in queftion, except fo far as genes 
 rally to call the attention of the Houfe to the advantage which 
 Sierra Leone may afford to His Majefty’s veffels on that 
 
 , part of the coaft as a naval ftation. 
 
 Your Committee truft, that fufficient information is con- 
 tained in the ftatement and evidence annexed, to enable 
 the Houfe to form a fatisfattory opinion upon the whole of 
 the fubjet. 
 
 
 
 
 
 CONTENTS or truz APPENDIX. 
 
 (.) Statement of the Chairman and Court of Directors of the Sierra Leone Company, refpe&ing the Progref&, 
 
 State, and Profpects of the Colony of Sierra Leone - - ‘ “ > of é a ss 
 
 I. Hiftory of the Settlement - - - 
 
 II. Obftru€tions to the Progrefs of the Settlement - - ° > - - 
 III. Profpeéts of Benefit from the Maintenance and due Encouragement of the Colony 
 
 IV. Expence of giving Security to the Colony, and maintaining its Eftablifhment - 
 
 V. Obje&tions to the Abandonment of the Colony, and to the Maintenance of it on s 743 
 = é = = - = = v° 
 
 very contracted Scale  ~ ~ zi 
 
 (2.) Evidence taken; viz,—Of } 
 Henry Thornton, Efq. 
 
 Mr, Zachary Macaulay 
 
 i 
 & 
 i 
 
 - ‘ Mr. Thomas Ludlam 6-23" : 
 
 Mr. William Greaves eo ee 
 
 John King, Efq. = - - - : 
 
 (3.) Rough Eftimate of the Annual Expence of the Colony of Sierra Leone 
 1] 
 
 Page 
 737s 
 
 = e 4 a“ ~ - . page 737. 
 
 739: 
 
 7A0. 
 
 472. 
 ~ - o ~ 2 = - - 944. 
 : ‘ Ps i = - - ~ - ibid. 
 : = ie ‘ “ - . - - ibid. 
 sot eR ee ee Se ee ae 
 - ~ ~ - - - = - ~ 745- 
 ae re rk wo ea as «a 
 

 
 Se ew Ra 
 
 
 
 I. aitory of 
 Settle- year before the commencement of the late war. 
 
 the 
 
 neal 
 
 App’. | 
 
 SSE Sei sacle et re ee ———S— 
 
 Hoop Peal 
 
 Petition of the SIERRA. LEONE Company. 
 
 737 
 
 i ct tt 
 
 
 
 NeoDe bio 
 
 
 
 
 
 a NR mel A te na nt 
 
 C1.) 
 
 STATEME 
 
 Progrefs, State, and Profpects of the Colony of Sierra 
 
 NE. of the Chairman arid Court of Direétors of the Sierra Leo 
 
 ne Company, refpetting the 
 
 se 
 CONE, 
 
 
 
 IN the following paper it is propofed, firft, to give a 
 brief hiftory of the fettlement of Sierra Leone; fecondly, to 
 enumerate the feveral caufes which have hitherto obitru&ted 
 its progrefs ; thirdly, to ftate the degree of probability, 
 which in the opinion of the Direétors. of the Sierra Leone 
 Company ftill exifts, of effe€ting the objett of the Company's 
 inftitution, fuppofing the colony to be rendered fecure, and 
 a cH to: be given to’ it by a dufficient aid: from 
 gevernment; fourthly, to mention what will be the eee 
 expence of fF effording this fecunt Ly and encouragement ; and, 
 laftly, to notice the difficulties and burthens which wall be 
 cat’ onthe g government, Giopod fing the undertaking of the 
 Sierra Leone Company to be now ; relinquithed. 
 
 THE Sierra Leone Company was infiituted about. one 
 Its capital 
 was about £. 230,008. 
 
 The: gener: al obieét of the founders of it was the intro- 
 duGtion of civilization into Africa.; The principal means 
 propofed: for effecting this end, was the eftablithment of a 
 fecure fa€tory at Sierra Leone, with the view toa new trade 
 in. produce, chie fly with the interior ; but the reception into 
 
 the fettlement of near 1,200 blacks, who: ‘had taken part 
 with Guvat Britain in the American war, in. confequence of 
 a proclamation from the commander in chief, and who had 
 sotiiconal the government to be removed from Nova 
 Scotia on account of the coldnefs of the climate, gave anew 
 character to the undertaking. The want. of 4 fuffiicient 
 power and authority to controul thefe colonifts has proved, 
 as will hereafter be {hewn, a prine ipal hindrance.to the pro- 
 erefs of the fettlement, and a chief caufe of the difappoint- 
 ments of the Company. 
 
 The Nova Scotia blacks | landed at. Sierra Leone in March 
 1792, The rains commencing in the following May,.and 
 an almoft univerfal: fickneis then taking: place, no oppor- 
 tunity was afforded to the: colonifts of cultivating their. lands 
 until the fucceeding dry feaion. , 
 
 ‘The expence of an undertaking of fuch magnitude muft, 
 in any cafe, have been confiderable. In the p refent inftance, 
 that expence was fo much encreafed by various unforefeen 
 difficulties expericnced in the firft two years,.as to amount 
 to more than £. 110,000.” 
 
 In February 1793 the war broke out; which, as will 
 hereafter be more particularly fhewn, has proved one prin- 
 cipal obftacle to the progrefs of the fettlement. 
 
 It was) the with of the Company to direét the labour of 
 the colonifts to cultivation on their own account; but moft 
 of them were at firft indifpofed to fpeculations of this fort, 
 
 
 
 
 
 meng epee 
 . 
 
 
 
 chufing rather to live in the town as long as they could by 
 any meahs earn a fubfi iftence there, than to engage in the 
 work of cultive ating their uncleared lots of land in the 
 a 
 
 he following circumftance has alfo hindered cultivation. 
 The colonifis drew lots for their lands. The lands of fome, 
 though fertile and contiguous to the town, fell into the hands 
 of individuals who neglected to till them. Thefe lands 
 were forfeitable after a certain period ; but the weaknefs of 
 the government, rendered them fearful of exercifing their 
 right of enforcing the forfeiture. ‘The temper of the Nova 
 Scotians was fuch from the firft as te give a very extra- 
 ordinary degree. of trouble to the government. 
 
 The Coinpan ry efiablithed a plantation on their own 
 account, and a garden of ex xperiment.. The obje&t of thee 
 was chiefly to provide plants and ieeds, and to encourage 
 cultivation in others. A botanilt was retained for. two years 
 in the fettlement. His report is favourable to the hopes of 
 the Company. 
 
 In 1.794 an expedition was made to the interior by two 
 of the Company's fervants, who travelled three hundred miles 
 
 inland, as ce as 'Teembo, the capital of the Foulah king- 
 fe and in confequence a deputation of chiefs came from, 
 the king of that country to Sierra Leone, for, the purpofe of 
 opening a trading communication with the Company. The 
 town of Teernbo has about eight thoufand inhabitants, and 
 another town near to it con fains upwards of four Hottanll: 
 The people of that part are far more civilized than tholé on 
 the coaft. The children learn to read and write Arabic. 
 
 A faé étory was in confequence eftablifhed by the Com- 
 pany in the higher part of a river le ading to the Voulah 
 country ; but t partly throu; oh difturbances w which have arifen 
 in that kingdotn, and partly through other caufes, no great 
 intercour fe with ‘the interior has yet taken place: 
 
 Hopes were ‘about this time entertaine d that-fome of the 
 African chiefs might confider ably enlarge their plans of 
 cultivation, an interruption of the demand for flaves on the 
 coaft inducing fome of them to employ their unfold flaves 
 for a fhort time in cultivating the Bil but the revival. of 
 the flave trade fruftrated that ee on About the fame 
 time a neighbouring flave fattory fet on foot ¢ a cotton plan- 
 tation, by the e medium of the labour of fla ves, which is fill 
 continded. 
 
 In O€tober 1794, the colony was attacked and taken by 
 a‘ French {quadron. All the moveable property of the 
 — ny was either carried off or deftroyed; feveral fhips 
 
 were captured, and every building belonging fo the Company 
 was burnt. ‘The Company's lof on this occafion has beer 
 
 eftimated at £. 52,000. 
 
 i a A LL CA LC I A CCL CC NS . ? 
 
 * Expended in the firft two years and a half; viz. 
 
 In Provifions, granted by the Company to the Nova Scotians, about - - - - + - > = £.20,000 
 Ty providing Shipping for the temporary Accommodation of the Colonitts; atid other fhipping Expences - 30,000 
 Jo Buildings 4 bi z 3 ‘: s C i a & 3 ‘ = ‘ ¥ £ - 25,000 
 In laying cut Lands, and in Cultivation - - - ~ ~ - - - - - - - “ 5,000 
 By the Accident of the Company’s Store-fhip taking fire - - - - - aps a - + - 15,000 
 Salaries of Servants, expence of Pailage, &c. - - - - - - ~ - - > - = 12,500 
 Expence of Home Ettablithment, Ad of Incorporation; &cs = + = = - - - - - “ 4,000 
 
 £111,500 
 
 Vou &. gb. This 
 
 
 

 
 regularity, and .of thany public buildings. 
 
 738 (May 1802.)) REPORT jrom the Committee on the | App*. 
 
 a a 
 
 
 
 This calamity, combined with the circumftances of , 
 
 expence already noticed, fo greatly diminiflied the Com- 
 pany’s funds, as to lay them under a neceffity of contracting 
 their trade, and reducing confiderably the fcale of their 
 eftablifament, which had been at all times fo.limited as 
 fearcely to afford fufficient means of tranfacting the | pufinels, 
 and attending to the various wants of an infant fettlement. 
 In confequence of this reduCtion, and of the fenfe of general 
 infecurity produced by the war, and by the refractory tem- 
 pers of the fettlers, it now became more than ufually dith- 
 cult to induce a fufficient number of Europeans of good 
 character, and of the requifite abilities, to undertake offices 
 at Sierra Leone. A large portion indeed of that clais of 
 men who were moft adapted for the Company's fervice, 
 weré engaged in the artny or navy, and thefe could not 
 obtain leave of abfence. 
 
 The trade ef the Company appears to have been. fuc- 
 cefsful, fuppofing it to have been burthened only with thofe 
 charges which were. ttricily commercial, and to have been 
 éxempt from thole very extraordinary lofies by fire and 
 
 French captures, which it has had to fuftain. 
 
 The coaft of Africa has been fo peculiarly expofed during 
 the war, as to make the expence of infuring cargoes very 
 
 “enormous, and iu fome cafes it has been impoffible to effect 
 
 infurdnce at all. . ‘The Company moreover have been 
 obliged to fend out armed veflels to Siérra Leone, and ‘to 
 detain them there for the fake of fecuring the fettlement. 
 
 The Company’s expence in fhipping has therefore been 
 far greater than any commercial profits could ‘be expected 
 to compenfate. . | 
 
 In the year 1798. the colony had made confiderable pro- 
 grefs, notwithitanding the powerful obftacles to its advance- 
 ment, which fhall hereafter. be enumerated. 
 
 Freetown confifted of about 300 houfes, laid out with 
 One principal 
 
 . wharf had been ereéted by the Company, and two others by 
 
 heads of families were about 300. 
 were fupported by their farms, many were mechanics, about 
 
 ‘individuals. The government houfe, which ftands on bigh 
 ground about one-third of a mile diftant from the water, and 
 commands the town and harbour, was protected: by a pali- 
 
 fade, and alfo by fix pieces of cannon. 
 The inhabitants of the colony were about 1,200. The 
 Of thefe about one-half 
 
 fifteen were retail fhop-keepers, 20 or 25 followed the 
 bufinefs of fifhing,, 10 or 15-traded in finall veffels of their 
 
 ‘own, 4 were employed as fchoolmatters, 12 or 15 as feamen, 
 ‘and about.20 as labourers under the Company: 
 
 A few 
 Nova Scotians rcticted-among the natives, and a few atted as 
 fervants or wiechanics at flave fa€tories. The number of 
 Kuropeans refiding in the colony was from 20 to 3 
 
 At the period now fpoken of, about. 3 or 400 native 
 
 labourers, called Grumettas, worked in. the fettlement for 
 hire, chiefly on the farms, which were. increafing rapidly ; 
 
 fome in the fervice of J{uropeans, fome in that of the Nova 
 Scotians... Thefe native labourers were freemen, who came 
 from neighbouring parts : they received monthly wages, the 
 whole of which was their. own. It was ufual for moft of 
 them to return home for a fhort time, after remaining five or 
 fix months in the colony; but the place.of thofe who went 
 was always fupplied bya fucceflion of other labourers. 
 Thefe Gruméttas improved greatly in their drefs; and 
 {carcely’ any part of the money which they earned was 
 expended in the purchafe of fpirits, to the ufe of which both 
 the Africans in general and many of the fettlers are much 
 
 ‘addiéted. 
 
 Freetown was at this time a place of confiderable refort. 
 
 It is eftimated that from one to two. hundred natives vifited - 
 
 the fetilement every day for the fake chiefly of exchanging 
 articles of African produce for Brith manufaétures. Man 
 
 ot thefe natives came in canoes, fome of them trom a diftance 
 of 80 or 100 miles. ‘The intercourfe however from thefe 
 more dittant parts was, exceedingly difcouraged and _inter- 
 rupted by the general ‘infecurity of the African coaft, the 
 natives not being able to put into an mtermediate creek, on 
 the occafion’ of any ftrefs of weather, without imminent 
 hazard ofbeing feized and fold for flaves. 
 inftances have occurred of the feizure of canoes coming to 
 the colony, and of the fale of the natives found in them. 
 
 .The Company’s government had aifo fueceeded in fome 
 
 degree in extending its influence among the natives,” whofe 
 
 Numerous . 
 
 a, 
 
 
 
 pe — Abedigs = 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 confidence was ftrongly indicated by many circumfiances, 
 but particularly by the readinefs with which they fent fome 
 of their children to the colony, and even to this country for 
 education. 
 
 _ The Nova Scotians, as has been already obferved, began 
 in an early period of the fettlement to manifeft, a great {pirit 
 of turbulence and infubordination ; and a party of them had 
 on-one-occafion made an attempt on the life of the governor. 
 This {pirit received a confiderable check by the defeat of the 
 attempt ; but it again revived, and continued to increafe Yo 
 rapidly, as to threaten the overthrow of the colony. 
 
 The Dire€tors, anxious to reprefs the growing evil, 
 obtained from’the crown, in the year 1800, a charter of 
 juftice; and a captain of one of His Majefty’s fhips of war 
 was ¢harged with’ the delivery of it. — Directions were alfo 
 given, that a {mall force fhould be detached from Goree for 
 the purpofe of being {tationed in the colony of Sierra Leone, 
 and~the-commandant of Gorée received inftruétions to 
 extend fuch farther affiftance as might be afked by the 
 voverner of Sierfa Leone, aud could: preperly be afforded 
 to this: colony. Sie 
 
 The fam of £7,000, being a part of £.20,000. voted in 
 ‘Parliament for African forts, was granted to the Company, 
 
 ofor'the-ere€tion of a fort; and an’expetation was given of 
 
 a further fum of £8,000 for the faine,purpofe. £.10,000 
 was about the fame time received from government as a 
 partial indemnification for the expence to which. the Com- 
 
 “pany had been put in fettling the Nova Scotians. ©. £24.c00 
 
 was alfo: voted tor the fupport of the civil governinent: of 
 the colony. : | 
 
 : The Dire€tors:of. the Sierra Leone Company: about this 
 time undertook.to,take the Maroons under their proteétion. 
 They at firft exprefled a wilh to decline receiving them, 
 chiefly in confequence of their experience of the dificulty of 
 governing the Nova Scotians. . They were led to give their 
 confent to a propofition made to them by the duke of Port- 
 land on this fubjeét, partly by an inclination to comply with 
 
 -the withes of government, partly by an idea that the Maroons 
 ‘night form fome counterpoife to the Nova Scotians (for 
 
 which reafon the Dire€tors. were very defirous of. planting 
 
 ‘thein ina fomewhat ‘diftant town,) partly by an opinion that 
 ‘the Maroons and their. children, if placed under the Com- 
 
 pany’s care, would: have a better chance of civilization than 
 if landed, as'they were otherwife likely to be, in fomie part 
 of Africa which was independent of the Company. 
 
 The Direétors: were promilfed: payment ‘of the -aétual 
 expence incurred mm fettling them im Africa ; and they ‘meant 
 afterwards to propofe that fome increafe of the fum annually 
 voted in Parliament fhould be made in confideration of the 
 government being exempted from: future expence: on ‘this 
 
 ~ -aecount. 
 
 The Maroons arrived in O&ober 1800, and affifted in 
 quelling an infurre¢tion among the Nova Scotians, who, 
 underftanding that means were about-to be taken for efta- 
 
 -blifhig the Company’s authority, had endeavoured to pofiets 
 
 themielves of the government.» Several of the infurgents 
 wére killed in this confli€t; many were taken and tried, of 
 whom three were executed, and feveral were banithed.— 
 Some ot the ringleaders efcaped among the natives. 
 
 I'he governor and council employed their new power 
 and authority in introducing a fyftem of order, and were 
 beginning to witnefs the happy effeéts of it; when a fudéen 
 and unexpected blow was aimed at the very exiftence of the 
 fettlement by fome native chiefs in the neighbourhood, who 
 had previoufly evinced no hoftile intentions, nor alleged any 
 cause of complaint againft the colony.—About day-break 
 
 ‘on the morning of the 18th November lati, a body of 
 
 natives, ‘headed by two ef the Nova Scotia infurgents, who 
 had effeéted their efcape after the infurreétion of the former 
 year, made an affault on the unfinifhed fort in which the 
 government houfe was fituated. After fome lofs of men 
 had been fuftained on both fides, the aflailants were repulfed 
 and they have fince been forced to withdraw from the fitua- 
 tion they occupied in the immediate neighbourhood of the 
 colony. A truce had been concluded, when the laf 
 accounts came away; but it was’conceived thatthe chiefs 
 engaged in the attack, who were.entirely of the Timmaney 
 nation, were endeavouring to gain over people of other 
 nations to their caufe, by exciting among them an appre- 
 henfion of the confequences of the growing power of the 
 Sierra Leone fettlement. : 
 
 About 
 
 ae 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 
ii. 
 Obftructions 
 to the 
 Progrefs 
 of the 
 Settlement. 
 
 ‘two infurrections. 
 
 ‘has retarded the progrefs of induftry, 
 
 “give their chief attention to 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 tive adc jidaual Britith troops had arrivedifrom 
 and one of Lis Majeltys {hips of war reinained in 
 Sierra Leone river, for the purpofe of protecting, 
 Some friendly chiefs had fent a large force to 
 but the government, unwilling to burthen itfelf with the 
 expence of maintaining them, and not withing to employ 
 in He .defence allies of this defer ription, unlets. there fhould 
 be a {trong neceffity for it, had allowed them to return 
 honic. 
 
 No immediate danger to the fettlement was apprehended ; 
 but a necellity is fiated to exift - the maintenance of an 
 European force, for the completion alfo of the fort, and for 
 the enlargement of the annual expences of the Company's 
 eftablifhment.. ‘The fam of £.4,000 per annum, which has 
 been already twice voted in Parliament, has been far from 
 fufficient to fupply the whole annual expence of protecting 
 and maintaining the fettlement. 
 
 (5 oree, 
 
 a orl a. eiceee 
 tl ie Voiony. 
 83 
 
 IT appears from ‘the preceding hiftory, that the colony in 
 the few firft years after its eltablithment made fome progrefs, 
 in {pite even of the war with Vrance, and of the want ofan 
 efficient government; and that it acquired the xelpeét, and 
 confidence of the natives, many of whom courted its imend- 
 fhip ; but that the radical defeét of the want of a fullici rent 
 power ia the government created difficulties, of, which. it is 
 
 not eafy to calculate. the A and with which, as no 
 
 remedy was applied before O€ober 1800, 
 be Sarndaed as having had to ftruggle 
 pretent period. 
 
 This weaknefs in 
 
 the colony may 
 almoft, until the 
 
 the colbaial government has ‘led to 
 It has tended ‘to lower the Company in 
 natives, and thus to ivite the attack on the 
 : it has encouraged the growth of immor ality : it 
 cultivation, ene 
 civilization; and has made Europeans unwilling to ente 
 into the Company's employ. Thofe who have 1 held the 
 principal fituations at Sierra Leone have been compelled to 
 the redrefs of‘evils) the growth 
 of which ought to have been prevented ; and in{téad-ot being 
 employ red in adapting laws to the ftate of the fettlement, and 
 in devifing meafurés for its benefit, they have been oceupied 
 in the prefervation of its peace, and even of a very 
 exittence. 
 This defett has been done. .away by dasa a scarier 
 of juftice*, as well as a force which has been adequate to 
 
 the eyes of the 
 fetilement 
 
 the maitenance..of the internal order of the fettlement. 
 
 Many of the evils, however, which are to be traced to this 
 caufe ftill exift, and can only be gradually removed. 
 
 The Direétors will now proceed to enumerate, the various 
 other caufes which appear to them to have obftruéted the 
 advancement of the fettlement. 
 
 A fecond. obftacle to its progrefs (an ova arifing partly 
 out of that. which has been recently deicribed, though re- 
 quiring feparate confideration) has been the unfayo' urable 
 character of the Nova Scotia colonifts. Forty or fifty heads 
 of families have conduted themielves in an.exemplary man-~ 
 ner, and a few individuals have fhewn an extraordinary 
 degree of zeal for the maintenance of good order, ...A large 
 portion of them, however, nave proved to be idle, turbu- 
 lent, and unreafonabie ; and there have been among them 
 afew defperate. and defigning individuals, who, though as 
 ignorant as the others, have been as inaarat to take the lead. 
 The _affuynption of the fupreme power had. long been the 
 objet of thofe inc lividuals; and the neighbourin g natives, 
 
 -efpecially one or twa of the more unprincipled chiefs, had 
 
 been courted by them, with the view of efieéting the ov 
 
 throw of the European influence in the colony.’ ‘The hates 
 of this Nova Scotian party was broken at the time of the 
 late infurreétion, when, as has been a already noticed, feveral 
 of them were killed in the conflict, three were executed, 
 and many more were hanifhed. A large portion of the 
 more unprincipled Nova Scotians have lately been removed 
 
 
 
 * The Charter ‘creates the Company’s Settlement an indepemdent Colony ; authorizes the Directors to make Laws 
 England ; and to appoint a Governor and Council, who have a fimilar power of making Laws, 
 tors. It places the criminal Jurifdiction in the hands of the Governor and Council ; 
 
 Civil Suits, and a Coyrt of Requefts for the Recovery of Small Debts. 
 Vou. X | 
 
 
 
 of their territory ; 
 
 againtt the Company. 
 erected, 
 -and probably of fhort duration. 
 
 
 
 
 
 ¥. jy; 1 T C7. 
 RA LEONE Company. (39 
 mater rate pene ree ae cree ars ee eee oS se ET 
 from SARE by other caufes.. The intérna 4 peac > of the 
 fettiement is therefore no longer endangered by the number 
 of difafeGie d Nova Scotians... The charabter of the Ma- 
 roons is now. become a fubjeét of more importance; for the 
 male adults among the Maroons are full as numerous as the 
 
 eat uining male adults of the other clafs of fettlers. 
 
 A third obftacle to the eae) of the colony has been 
 the infuficiency of its force to check the encroachments, or 
 difcourage the ager fiion of the neighbouring natives.—The 
 only natives who come into immediate contact with the 
 col ony, are thofe of the Timmancy nation, from whom the 
 Jands occupie¢ see ry. tl the Company v rere originally j purchafed ; 
 and: w hofe atry 1S Of imal extents and thin! ly peopled. 
 The ienaneys have the general character of. being re- 
 
 markably indolent, faithlets and ferocious ; ; and ibe chiefs, 
 
 
 
 
 who were alfo the puncip als in the late attack on the fettle- 
 ment, have proved to be rapacious, drunken, and deceitful; 
 eafily. impofed upon. by artifice and milreprefentation, and 
 ready. to promote any delign, however flagitious, which 
 
 promifed to gratify t their avarice or their paffions. 
 
 Under thefe.cireumftances, the want of a force ad equate 
 to the. protettion of the colony, led to many injurious 
 effeéts. It produced a fente of iniecurity, which was every 
 way ‘unfay Settle to the promotion of induftry. It foftered 
 a difp yofition in the Timmaney chiefs, to harafs the colony 
 with perpetual though groundlefs difputes and to prefer 
 
 unreafonable demands, ‘which it was not a ‘ays fafe to te- 
 fufe. . It encouraged them likewlfe to encroach on the Com- 
 
 pany's territory, and to interrupt the progrefs of cultivation,. 
 by afiuming,a right (which nothing but the weak fiate of 
 the « colony woul d have induced an acc quiefcence in for a 
 moment) of commanding the free labourers en onging to 
 other eens who -were employed on the farms at Sierra 
 Leone, to quit the colony, on pain of Ste {ej 
 fold as flaves ; 
 
 for rce had. left 
 
 Oo 
 
 svijet at atte " 
 and it.at le sngth tempted them, when alarge 
 
 ac ceffion of no hop e of a compliance with 
 
 their extravagant claims, to attempt {eizing by furprize the 
 yet uni Gnithed fort, and extirpating the colony 
 It: may .be prope r to obferve in this PP ace, ‘that 1 the late 
 attack en. the fettle rnient is the omy act ot f hof ftility on the 
 part .of the natives, which the colony has yet exper ienced. 
 No, fubjeét of difpute pres vioul aay, exitted, that itis ne 
 ealy. to.fiate the real caufe of thi ee but i not 
 ipaprobable that. the eee (olen for the defence and 
 decurity of the colony, were reprefented by the Company’s 
 enemies. to be indications of a defien to de} rive the natives 
 
 and: that the fears and jealoufies thus 
 inftilled had united, with the hope of plunder, to pro- 
 duce the attempt to deftroy the colony. Since the fame 
 cauies will continue to operate, and fince a party has bee 
 excited 2 make war, upon the fettlement, it is to be appre- 
 
 hended that .the. feeds of future hoftility may have been 
 
 fown, and that a temporary combination may be formed 
 If, however, a fafficient fort were 
 {uch a combination would-be of fimall moment, 
 ~The 
 
 chiefs, of all. the other neighbouring nations. have 
 
 hitherto .manifefted a friendly difpofition to the Company, 
 
 and. feveral are, much attached to it, as appears from ‘the 
 circumftance of fome of them having fent a number of men 
 to its affiftance, foon after the rumour of the war had reached 
 them, .and of others having promifed aid fhould it be deemed 
 neceflary. 
 
 4thly, The climate of Sierra Leone has prefénted ano- 
 ther difficulty with w hich the Company has had to contend. 
 It has, however, proved quite as healthy as was expected. 
 It is true that the firft | siti th adventurers fuffered greatly 
 by ficknefs, and that.a large proportion of them died. But 
 the chief fufferers were men of the lower clafs. 
 
 Of the principal fervants of the Company.who firft went 
 out, re few loft their lives. It may.be inferred from this 
 fact, that, fuppofing any great mortality to take place at Sierra 
 
 Leone, it may almoft invariabl y a referred to. want of 
 
 not repugnant to thofe of 
 fubject to the Revifion of the Court of Direc- 
 but it appoints a Mayor’ s Court. for the Determination of 
 
 It gives, both im civil and criminal Caf fes, the Right of Trial By Jury. 
 
 accommodations, 
 
 
 

 
 (May 1802 a 
 
 cae Semen N Rep neenneeeae = = — = 
 
 
 
 accominodations, to 2 gene ‘al inattention to health, or to 
 exceffive exertions, rather than ‘to any infurmountable 
 obitacie to the prefervation of life, which is created by the 
 climate. The European deaths at Sierra Leone will be 
 found to have been very few, if thofe which happened a few. 
 months after the firft “fettlement ‘of the place, and thofe 
 He followed the capture of the colony by the French, 
 
 hd thofe alfo which were occafioned by the late attack of 
 He natives, are excluded from the account.—It may be 
 afnrmed, that, generally fpeaking, not more than about one 
 white fervant of the Con apany has died in the colony in 
 each two years, or, at tnoft, about two fervants in three 
 ~ears, out of the 20, 25, or 30 white fervants who have 
 been tilually refdent. 
 
 =. of abotit fi ity foldiers, however, who lately were fent 
 thither from. Geree, the governor and council obferve, not 
 without fome forprize as well as concern, that no lefs than 
 ten died within fix taonths after their avtival, and that five 
 women and two children alfo died. But the governor and 
 council ftate, that the men were, with only one exception, 
 
 mich given to liquer; and that no fmall part of the corps 
 to which tl ney be ‘donved had been formed from the invalids 
 of other regiments. 
 
 On the whole j it feems reafonable to afiume, that, although 
 the climate of Sierra Leone is equal, in point of healthinets, 
 to that cf the Weft Indies, and although Britith fubjetts are 
 
 not hkely to be deterred by it from migrating thither, # muft 
 be éxtréemely defirable to linit, as much as poll ble, the 
 namber of Britifh troops on fiich a ftation. 
 
 Sthly. Ancther obftacle to the progreis of the colony, 
 has: been the 1 imexperience of the conductors of it im the 
 earlier period of the undertaking ; but a maturer, and there- 
 fore a better judgment, er almott all points, may now be 
 fuppofed to be exércifed. DireGtors have no hefitation 
 to adinit, that the Paiawielae obtained by their eae 
 has cnabled the m to corr et their ideas on many points, on 
 which in the outlet of the eftablifhment, they could form no 
 Pee: judgment. 
 
 6thly. Another obftacle (which has been already briefly 
 noticed) has been the too ereat limitation of the Company's 
 eftablithment, efpecially firice the year 1794. It has feldom 
 had in its employment in the colony ‘a number of perfons 
 fufficient for the various duties of an infant fettlement ; and 
 the falaries which it has given, have fearcely been faffic clent 
 to reward the heavy labour and the meritorious fervices of 
 many of thofe whom it has placed in the higher fituations: 
 
 ‘This topic will again be touched upon, in {peaking of the 
 expelice of maintaining, in ‘the title to come, a fufficient 
 eftablifhment, and of giving due encouragement ‘to the 
 fettlement. 
 
 wthly. The war lias seh the Company’s’ affairs in 
 many important refpets ; namely, by interrupting the com- 
 murtication between this country ‘and the colony, and pre- 
 veriting the regular arrival of. intelligence; by caufing a 
 frequent difaflortment of the ‘trade eoods j in the fettlement, 
 and an occafional icarcity of the fupplies neceffary for the 
 colonial confumption ; by creating an ‘opinion of the ‘infe- 
 curity ‘of the pliee, and ‘thus indifpoting perfons in ‘Great 
 Pritaim- to enter into the ( Company's fervice; by augmenting 
 the pricé of Britith articles dt Sterra Leone, and thus ex- 
 citing difcontent both among the colonifts and the natives, 
 who ‘iniputed the rife in the coft of European goods ‘to the 
 avarice of the Company ; by caufing much expence in 
 arining vellels, and in -providing for military defence; by 
 expofing in a remarkable degree, the African coaft to the 
 men of war and privateers of the enemy, and thus occafion- 
 ing the capture of many val luable cargoes belonging to the 
 Sierra ‘Leone Company, fome of which it was not “poftible 
 to infure ; by oft toh cal lling the attention of the colony from 
 its ordi inaty purfuits to the duty of providing againft an 
 epprehended attack; and by leading, in the year 1794, to 
 
 he canner and defi Hien of the fettlement. One prin- 
 cipa! tape Omen to the advancement of the colony may 
 be confidered as removed, by the eftablifhment of peace. 
 
 Li 
 
 I 
 th 
 d 
 
 he 
 
 ay 
 
 Sthly. ‘The age oe which the flave trade has prefented, 
 and which it fil] offers, to the progrefs of the fettlement, are 
 of the following ! ind: 
 
 It creates’a firong and active intereft.in Africa, which is 
 oppofed to that of the Sierra Leone Company, and is 
 
 
 
 indufirioufly emiployed in rifreprefenting their defigns, and 
 
 REPORT From the Cornmittee on the 
 
 
 
 The flave trade till oppofes its influence. 
 
 (ae 
 
 
 
 
 
 exciting jealoufy in every quarter. To this caufe > may be 
 traced uch of the ill will, and confequent holtility, of the 
 natives, and of the turbulence and infubordination of the 
 colonifts. It renders the European traders in parti¢ular 
 the natural enemies of the Company. Jt fupplies the 
 chiefs with the means of acquiring Britifh articles, without 
 their being at the trouble of colleéting produce, or cultiva- 
 ting the foil. It interefts the leading men in the maintenance 
 of thofe {uperftitious practices, which, while they form @ 
 great obftacle to civilization, are, on the coaft, the main 
 foutce from which the flave trade obtains its viGtims. It 
 gives to the flave factories a great fuperiority over the Com- 
 pany, even in the traffic of produce, inafinuch as they are 
 
 able to conduét a trade in both produce ‘and flaves, at nearly 
 the fame expence at which a trade in produce alone can be 
 carried on. It affords alfo to the flave fa€tor an advantage 
 in refpeét to the means of recovering debts for produce, for 
 
 he has only to feize and fell his debtor: or the family, or even. 
 
 townfinen of his debtor, in order to fecure himf élf avaintt 
 lofs ; he can therefore generally gain fome preference over 
 the C vompany, by affording a larger credit to the natives. 
 The flave trade alfo renders the “Africans, efpecially thofe 
 who live near the coaft, drunken, idle, and ferocious; and 
 by the high profits which t prefents, it has tempted fome 
 fettlers at Sierra Leone, and even a few individuals who had 
 gone out in the Company’ s employ, either to embark in the 
 ferdite of jlave faftories, or to enter on their own account 
 into that traffic. . 
 
 The obftacles to the progrefs of the colony, which haye 
 now been ‘enumerated, are “the following : 
 
 ift and chiefly, The want of a fufficient power and au- 
 thority in the government. 
 
 2. The unfavourable charaGter of the Nova Scotians. 
 
 3. The infufiiciency of its force, to ck the encroach- 
 ments or. difcourage the aggreffion of the neighbouring 
 natives. 
 
 4. The climate. 
 
 che 
 
 5. The inexperience of the conductors of the under- 
 
 taking in the early period of the fettlement. 
 
 6. The too great limitation of the Company’s eftablith- 
 ment. 
 
 7. The war. 
 
 8. The flave trade. 
 
 Many of thefe obftacles may now be faid to have ceafed. 
 ‘The climate alfo, 
 though conftantly improving, will continue tobe unfavour- 
 able to thofe Europeans w ho are negligent of their health. 
 Some -of ‘the Timmaneys ‘moreover may be expeéted ‘to 
 continue to form deéfigns againft the colony; fo long as the 
 idea of its infecurity remains. ‘On the other hand, “the 'ter- 
 mination of the war has removed a chief impediment to the 
 advancement of the Company's views. The -charatter of 
 the Nova Scotians, fuppofing the government to be ftrong, 
 may be ‘expetted to improve, as may alfo that of the 
 Maroons; who, on the contrary, if the ruling power fhould 
 be weak, ‘will pofiefs a very dangerous influence. 
 
 On ‘the whole, it appears, that the full eftablifhment of 
 the authority and power of the governor and council, 
 together with the ereétion of a fort, and the maintenance of 
 a force fufficient to fecure the colony from any attempts ot 
 the Timmaneys, are the points on which the aa of the 
 fuccefs of the undertaking muft sae y rett. Unlefs 
 the colony is likely to be rendered permanent ly fafe, the 
 Direétors are of opinion that it ought to "be relinguithed, 
 
 It is mdeed obvious, that the flow progreis of African 
 civilization in general is to be % afcribed to i ey, 
 both of perfons and property, on that Coniine 
 
 THE Dire€tors will next proceed to ftate the benefits which, 
 as it appears to them, may reafonably be expetted to arife 
 
 from the maintenance and due encourage rent of -theico- 
 
 lony of Sierra Leone. 
 Thefe thall firft be confidered under the three heads of 
 —Trade, Cultivation, and Civilization. 
 
 OF TRADE 
 
 As a means of improving the property of th 
 A e wade oan f 
 little mention need be made, fince the C 
 
 13 
 
 re Company, 
 ompany does not 
 pofiefs 
 
 ign 
 Profpects of. 
 3enefit from 
 Mainte- 
 nance’ and 
 due Encou- 
 ragement of 
 the Colony. 
 
 } 
 the 
 
 
 
it 
 a 
 
 
 
 re 
 
 App*.] 
 
 eg ny 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 poflefs a capital furticient for the conduct of any contiderable 
 undertakinys. Independent merchants refiding in the co- 
 lony, may ‘be expeéted to trade to advantage, in the pro- 
 duétions ‘of Africa. Of this, the fuccefs of fome Britith 
 fettlers at Sierra Leone is a fufficicnt proof. Some new 
 trade with the interior is likely to be introduced, but no 
 confident expectation can be entertained of its being car- 
 ried to any very confiderable extent, within a fhort period, 
 fhould the flave trade continue. 
 
 _ The extenfion of the Britih trade with Africa muft de- 
 pend chiefly on the creation of a new exportable produce, 
 and confequently on the introduction of a new fpirit of 
 cultivation among the people of that Continent, a point 
 which is next to be confidered. 
 
 CULTIVATION. 
 
 This fubje€t may be regarded in three points of view ; 
 2s applital ile to the lands of the black fettlers,—to planta- 
 tions attempted by Europeans,—and to thofe which maybe 
 undertaken by the natives of Atrica, on their own account. 
 
 The Nova Seotians and Maroons are not_likel ly to 
 employ their own lots of land in the ise 1of any mate- 
 rial quantity of articles « of exportable produce, for ‘though 
 they have at different times cultivated’ gro ound to’a con- 
 fiderable extent, no. great de epen’ lance can be placed on 
 their fteady purfuit. of any agricultural plans. 
 
 Patt experic nee affords better reafon to hope for fuccefs 
 from the efforts of Europeans. Mr. Ludlam, a member 
 of the council at Sierra Leone, now in England, as well 
 as fome other fervants of the Company, have made expe- 
 riments in cultivation, with a view to profit; and they were 
 expecting to begin to reap an advantage adequate to the 
 expence incurred, when the labour of their Grumettas was 
 interrupted, in the end of the year 1799, by. the inter- 
 fercnce of the. native chiefs. Cultivation had indeed re- 
 vived in a confiderable degree during the latt year, but the 
 récent difturbances have for the } pre refent fruftrated the hopes 
 to which this circumftance had given bir Has 
 
 Mr, Ladlam, on. whole accuracy as well as knowledge of 
 tis fabject much reliance may be olacod, has ftated to the 
 Court, c that the difficulties of conftantly fuperintending 
 his plantation, which was fituated on the fummit of a moun- 
 tdin, about three miles from his ordinary. place of refidence, 
 as well as the hazard which mutt attend the experiment in 
 the prefent infecure ftate of the colony, would, im his 
 judgment, be greater than .could he compenfated, by any. 
 returns which he could reafonably expeét; but that if his 
 plantation were fo fituated as to admit of his frequent. in- 
 
 fpeétion, and if the colony were fecured from future sia 
 he would continue to cultivate his prefent coflee field, 
 confidence of a profitable return.” 
 
 Some time may poflibly elapte before the opinion of the 
 fecurity of Sierra Leone can be fuch as to encourage plans 
 of cultivation at a confiderable diftanice from the ton n, and 
 0 apprehenfion may alfo be entertained, in confequence of 
 ae has already happenec A, mt the recurrenge of fome. dit- 
 culty in procuring labout 
 that if the itlement were a fufiiciently fecure (a point 
 which is for the prefent affumed) the influence of the colony 
 would be fo Deepantcrenay as to prevent the chiefs. froin 
 unjuftly calling off their -Grumettas, and that native African 
 labourers might, in procefs of time, become fubject.to the 
 Sierra Leone government. It may be remarked, that the 
 Maroons and the Nova Scotians would probably fupply, 
 as they have hitherto done, a part of the neceflary labour, 
 in the event of any future interruption of the aceuftomed 
 labour of Grumettas ; and that there is ufually in the fet- 
 tlement a body of Crewmen (men coming from’ a diftant 
 part of Africa) who, though preferring employment on the 
 water, might be ind luced, by.an adv ance of w ages, to affitt 
 for a * time in cultivating the foil.. At pi -efont, | cultivation 
 among the natives is almott entirely confined to the raifing 
 of rice, eg in. foine places is produced in. confiderable 
 quantities. How far they may be induced, by an example 
 of fuecefsful cultivation at Sierra Leone, to engage in = 
 growth of other articles of exportable produce, is que 
 tionable, at leaft wile the flave trade continues. In ue 
 of the abilition of that trafhe, there feems little room to 
 doubt, that fich example, aided by a variety of othe 
 powerful motives, would have its full effcét. 
 
 Vou. X,. 
 
 bh & 
 
 
 
 The probability | owever is, 
 
 d 
 with more difficulty be induced by profpeé ts of future benefit 
 
 Petition of the SLE tRRA LEONE Company. 74d 
 
 
 
 
 
 i Gonrel which in 4 795 was difcovered to. grow in th 
 mountains of Sierra Leone, is the principal article of cul- 
 tivation, when confidered with a ‘view to commercial profit; 
 the quality of that produced in, the colony, as far as a 
 judgment has been formed from famples of no, great mag- 
 nitude, has been pronounced excellent; but it is yet to be 
 afcertained whether the quantity of produce is equal to the 
 qi ae ufually obtained from an equal number of plants 
 in the Weft Indies, alth ough there does not appear any 
 
 eafonable ground of doubt. 
 
 The long red pepper and ginger have proved very pro- 
 fitable artic cles ; but the demand for them being very limited, 
 they cannot be cultivated toany great extent. . Confider: ible 
 efforts have been made to eftablith cotton plantations.in the 
 colony, but without fuccefs, owing principally to a worm 
 which has deftroyed it. It has neverthelefs proved a very 
 produétive article of culture in the né eighbourhood of Sierra 
 
 Leone. 
 
 The foil is favourable for luge! and the fugar. cane grows 
 in much perfeétion ; but the labour and cxpence attend ng 
 the cultivation of this article are fo confiderable, that fugar 
 is not likely to be produced in an early eriod of the fet- 
 tlement, except in fuch quantity as may be wanted fer the 
 colonial confumption. 
 
 Black pepper has not yet been tried in the colony; and 
 of its fuccefs, fuppofing the means of cultivating it attain- 
 
 able, the Court can only judge from. the nature of the foil 
 and climate in Sierra Leone, compared with that of the 
 countries where it is found to thrive, and on this ground, 
 hopes may be entertained of its proving a productive article. 
 
 Cinnamon grows well in the colony; but more expe- 
 rience is required to determine whether it will ultimately 
 fucceed. . 
 
 Rice is the ftaple of the country, and if much new 
 indufiry were exerted, might be. produced in large quan- 
 tities for the purpofes of exportation, and for the fup- 
 ply of the Englifh markets, on the occafion of any future 
 {carcity. 
 
 On the whole, there is ftrong reafon to hope. that much 
 new exportable produce might ve created by, the cultivauon 
 of the foil at Sierra Leone, “and in its neighbourhood. 
 
 CIVILIZATI ON, 
 
 The probability of fuccefs in promoting civilization in 
 Africa,, by means of the fettlement at Sierra Leone, depends 
 partly on the charaéter of the pr aout fettlers, an id En lie 
 change it is likely to undergo; and partly on the effets to 
 be prod aced in the neighbourmy countries by the efforts 
 and the example of the fettlement. ‘Theie pots fhall be 
 — ately confidered. ; 
 
 he Nova Scotians have not improved in morals fince 
 she refidence in the colony. ‘This is to be attributed 
 chiefly to the weaknefs of the colonial government, which, 
 tempting them -to continual o oppofitton, placed them in a@ 
 corftant {tate *of hoftil ei with the Europeans at the head 
 of that covernment. This circuurftance naturally led them 
 to cherifh thofe vices and bad habits, which it was the en- 
 deavour of the government to eradicate, and to inftil into 
 their children fuch prejudices againft the Europeans, as 
 countera&ted all endeavours to pr omote a love of right prin- 
 ciples, and orderly and virtuous conduét. . The. NovaSco- 
 tid are now much awed by the Maroons, and look up to 
 the Europeans for prote &tion. They are : alfo imprefled by 
 the punihment which has fol lowed infubordination in the 
 colony, and by the great additional ftrength which the 
 government has lately acquired. Add _ to this, the worft 
 members of that body are no longer in.the colony, and the 
 heads of families which remain are moft of them orderly, 
 an id fome of them exemplary, in the difcharge of * their 
 focial duties. More benefit therefore may. now be expected 
 from the Nova Scotians, than has hitherto been expe- 
 rienced. , 
 
 The Maroons are a€tive and intrepid, prodigal of their 
 lives, confident of their ftrength, proud of the charatter of 
 their boll and fond, thoush not jealous, of their indepen- 
 dence. ‘They univerfally harbour tietivs of going back at 
 fome’ period of their lives to Jamaica, and therctore me 
 
 to labour for the 1 nprovement of th ‘ir habitations or plan- 
 
 tations. Thefe circumftances render them a people not eafy 
 gC te 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 742. (May 1802.) REPORT /i rom the Committee on the 
 
 
 
 
 
 to be governed,. and to be brought into that ftate of fociety 
 which would beft promote the civilization of Africa. 
 
 The fuppreffion of polygamy among them has been hi- 
 therto deemed an experiment too hazardous to be tr ied, and 
 no fair opportunities have yet occurred of alce ertajning how 
 far they will fubmit quietly to fuch reftraints of the civil 
 power as are moft repugnant to their inclinations and habits. 
 But there are favourable points in their character. Though 
 they do not defire inftruction for themfelves, they are glad 
 to have it communicated to their children, who appear to 
 poflefs very good capacities. They have no jealoufy of 
 Europeans; on the contrary, they appear to be cordially 
 attached to them, and with to fee an increafe of the num- 
 ber of white colonifts. They are generally difpofed to la- 
 bour for hire; many of them fhew a great defire to acquire 
 a knowledge of handicraft trades; and fome of them, who 
 have turned their attention to fuch trades fince their arrival 
 at Sierra Leone, have become far more expert workmen than 
 could have been expected. This defire will probably be 
 {tronger in their children, who will be brought up in habits 
 very ncaa from thofe which were for caee and confirmed 
 in their parents by their fituation in Jamaica. 
 
 But even though the improvement of the fettlers within 
 the colony fhould proceed more flowly than there is reafon 
 to hope, great and extenfive moral benefit may be expected 
 from the maintenance of the Sierra Leone {ettlement. 
 
 It- need Acarcely be remarked how much civilization is 
 forwarded by promenne regular induftry and good order, 
 by affording complete protection, by facilitating the fair 
 acquifition of ‘property, and by fecuring the quiet enjoyment 
 of legitinrate influence and pare 
 
 In order to ap peek the effects likely to be produced 
 
 by the fettlement at Sierra Leone, conducted according to 
 
 he ‘principles propofed by the Sierra Leone Company, it 
 will be neceflary to take a view of fome peculiar circum- 
 {tances in the ftate of the ncighbourirg parts of Africa 
 
 The ftate of fociety in Africa affords to any individual 
 ef fuperior knowledge and activity, ready means of raifing 
 himfelf to a ftate’ of wealth and power. Whoever can pot 
 fefs himfelf of a few flaves, may. become the head of a 
 town. Suecefs in the cultivation of rice, or in the trade 
 between Europeans on the coaft and the natives of the in- 
 terior, (and in trade or cultivation almoft every headman 
 is engage dl) will enable him -to increafe the number of his 
 ‘don eftic flaves, and con fequently | us ftrength and influence. 
 M fany freemen then feck his protection, and put themfelves 
 under his government. 
 fiderable towns in the neighbourhood of Sierra Leone have 
 arifen in the courfe of a fingle ; generation., A feeble-minded 
 or debauched fucceffor, by fe lling, under a variety of pre- 
 texts (moft of which the fuperttitions of his country fupply) 
 thofe whom in policy as well as in juttice he ought to pro- 
 tect, deftroys, in a {till fhorter period, the power which has 
 thus raifed. The free people defert him, and potfibly 
 his town falls a_prey to fome enterprifing chie ftain in the 
 neighbourhood. it will be immediately feen, that the plansof 
 the Sierra Leone Com pany have been ex prefal ycalculated to 
 
 remove the evils which thus impoverifh and depopulate the 
 cibatt The example of a fecure and permanent eftablith- 
 ment, and of the fuccefsful cultivation, even though to a 
 final, extent, of new and valuable articles, would pow verfully 
 illuftrate, enforce, and fupport the principles of found po- 
 hey for African chieftains, and thofe end would be 
 eee inftilled into the children, who might be educated 
 under the Company’s care. 
 
 Nor are the advantages and effects of fuch a fyftem 
 merely coat: ctural. A remarkable proof exifts in the neigh- 
 bourhood of Sierra Leone, of the very great advantages. of 
 a permanent though very imperfect fyftem of government, 
 and of the abolition of thofe African laws, which make 
 flavery the punifhment of almoft ever y offence. Not more 
 
 peen 
 
 than 70 year's ago, a {mall number of Mabsmedaiia elta- 
 blithed themfelves mm a country about 40 miles to the north- 
 ward of Sierra Leone, called from them the Max ndingo coun- 
 try. Asis the practice of the profeflors of that zeligion they 
 formed {ce} hools, in which the Arabic language and the doc- 
 trines of Mahomed were taught, and the cuftoms of Maho-, 
 medans, particularly that of not: felli liag any of their own 
 religion ,as flaves, were adopted. Laws founded on the 
 Koran were introduced. | Thofe practices, which chiefly 
 
 
 
 
 
 afforded to the influence: of the colony on the 
 
 In this w ay fome of the moft con- . 
 
 [| App* 
 
 ana 
 
 CLadtty 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 contribute. to depopulate. the coaft, were eradicated ; 
 in {pite of many inteftine. convulfions, a great comparative 
 degree of civi ilization, union, and fecurity was introduced. 
 Population i in confeque nce rapidly inereafed, and the whole. 
 power of that part of the country in which they are fettled 
 has gradually fallen into their hands. ‘Thofe who have 
 been taught in their {chools, are fucceeding to wealth and 
 power in the neighbouring countries, and carry with them 
 a confiderable portion. of their religion and laws. Other 
 chiefs are adopting the name affumed by thefe Mahomedans, 
 on account of the refpe€t which attends it; and the religion 
 of Iflam feems likely to diffufe ittelf peaceab! y over the whole 
 diftriét in which the colony is fituated, carrying with it 
 thefe advantages which féem ever to have attended its vic« 
 tory over negro fuperttitions. 
 
 If the efiablifhment of even Mahomedan power, and the 
 inftitution of Mahomedan {chools, have - Soe thefe 
 beneficial confequences, wat may not reafonably tbe 
 
 expected from the influence of Britifh power and Chriftian 
 
 education in the fame region ¢ 
 
 But the moft important fubfidiary affiftance will be 
 neighbouring 
 nations, by giving inftruétion in England to fome African 
 children, who aré either mott promifing | m the em yes or 
 moft important from their African conneGtions. About 24 
 fuch children are now under education in this tibadon, who 
 will carry back to their own ‘country minds confiderabl 
 enlightened, and will be particularly well inftruéted in the 
 Chriftian religion. Several of thefe 
 and if.the colony fhould be firmly eftablifhed, the general 
 and wari defire of the leadiz ng men in Africa to have their 
 
 children educated by the Sierra Leone Company, affords 
 se ftrongeft veafon to believe that a large propo riion-of the 
 kings and headmen of the furrounding countries would 
 receive their education either’ in England or at Freetown, 
 and would value the friendthip, and ina good medfure adopt 
 the views of the Sierra Leone government. As the govern-: 
 ments in Africa are in a great dear ee hereditary, thefe youths 
 would fucceed to power; and there would bea fair profpect 
 of their carrying into effeet in the countries which they weuld 
 refpectively: govern, 
 inculcated in E ngland, and purfued in the colony. 
 
 Having confidered the prefent ftate and profpeéis of the 
 colony under the heads of trade, cultivation, ‘and Se Be 
 tion, there‘ remains one view of the 2 fubjett whidl 1 ought ‘not 
 to be omitted; viz. “The advantages, In a national and 
 political view, of maintaining the prefent fettlement at Sierra 
 Leone. The river Sierra Leone is in many refpects an 
 important ftation to a commercial nation. — Its 
 fate and commodious, and at all times eafy of accefs ; while 
 there is no other river, for a vaft extent of coaft, into which 
 fhips. of large burthen can enter. Wood and water of the 
 belt quality are to be procured with very little trouble. It 
 is fituated in the vicinity of rivers, from whence an abun- 
 dant fupply of rice and frefh provifions may be always 
 drawn ; and it is comparatively healthy, as has been prove ed 
 by the experience of all the re s {hips which have vifited 
 it. ‘The nation which potleffes Siete Leone, may. com- 
 mand, to a very confiderable di eeree, the trade of a large 
 part of Africa, and will enjoy @ very paramount in Woche 
 throughout the whole line of coaft from Gambia to Cape 
 Palmas. 
 
 No other fituation on the whole coaft, from aE Mediter- 
 ranean to the Equator, an extent of not lef 
 
 miles, pofieffes all thefe advantages... Should ee colony 
 be abandoned, there will be no Britith {tation between 
 
 Gibraltar and the Gold Coaft, and no ee jent and fafe 
 Britith harbour between the fame place and the Cape of 
 Good Hope. 
 
 THE Dire&tors are of opinion, that ‘unti es the fort is fo 
 nearly finifhed as to be a pe of fecurity from its own 
 ftrength, a force of 200 men, half ore ais old 
 half Maroons and Nova Scotians, will | 
 protection of the colony. When the. for 
 of fecurity, 50 Europeans, added to 100 
 fuch of the Company's fervants as would t 
 of emergency, will probably befufficient. 
 
 The fort is at prefent in a very imperfeé 
 pletion is indifpenfable to the fecuri ty of 
 
 i€rs and 
 ite for the 
 
 =, 
 = 
 & 
 or 
 gp 
 
 “the colony, 
 . ? #, 
 
 are the fons of chiefs ;. 
 
 plavs more or lefs fimilar to thdfe 
 
 fecha is 
 
 IV. 
 
 Exp ence of 
 giving Secu. 
 rity to. the 
 Cok ORY, and 
 mals uL tain ug 
 its, Eebjiths 
 ment, 
 
 Its com- 
 and 
 
 wilh 
 
 
 
 A 
 
 . 
 a 
 % 
 « 
 
 at 
 re 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 6 s)e a as . 2 
 
 App*.| .. Petition,.ef the SIERRA LEONE Company. TAS | 
 ; wil require an ex pe enditure of 7 or £.8,000 in addition to of near 1co men, and to {upport alfo fome civil eftablifh- 
 ; the £.7,000 already granted by sca ait ment. It will probably alfo be difficult for the gos ernment 
 4 The Court of Dicettors conceive, that befides the pay of to induce any large or valuable part of thofe white ferva nts, 
 e European ee and every charge conneéted with them, who are now in the Company’s employ, to remain in the 
 met they with to be det ges ed. by government, an annual fettlement, even though thefe 100 men fhould be retained, 
 ' fum of not lefs than £.10,000 will be necellary for the due and the fort thould be dire&ted to be built, provided the 
 {upport of the eftablifl uments of the Company at home and _ prefent civil eftablifhment, which cofts much more than the 
 
 . abroad, and for ail cont?n woey een fum now annually voted in Parliament, fhould be reduced. 
 
 Much of the difapp pointment which has been experienced [tis the clear opinion of the Direétors, that there i is now 
 may be traced, as has been’ already fhewn, to the inade- no medium between the meafure of totally abandoning. the 
 quacy of the eftablifhment hitherto maintained, and to the place, and that of rendering it fee ure by the expend ture of 
 } too rigid economy which the Dire¢tors a€ting on the behalf a fam which thall at leatt be nearly equal to that which bine 
 of the Proprictors have deemed it neceflary to enforce, efpe- been propofed. Moreover the permancnt maintenance of 
 , cially during feveral of the laft years. Itis important that fome Britith forcé appears to the Direétors to be bial hly 
 
 premiums thould be granted to thofe who take the lead in defirable, if not ne eeflary, w with a view to the good govern- 
 the cultivation of the foil; that the charge of a few fmail ment of the Maroons; for. there will othe wife be much 
 . experiments, of a Meese Jous kind, fhould be borne by the . danger, left the Pritith authority and influence within the 
 Company ; that pl ants fhould be colleéted at fome ex ach se; fettle ‘ment fhould not be fufficiently predominant. ‘The 
 that journies into the interior thould occafionally be taken; M: aroons, if unawed by any Britifh force, may not impro- 
 3 . a } f 
 that a free paflage-home fhould be afforded to ee fervants bably deem hem felves fuperior both to the Nova Scotians 
 f the Company, to whofe conftitution the climate of Africa and the Europeans, may be difp ofed to difobey the civil 
 
 may ode os icularly unfavourable; that the income of power, and may alfo involvé themfelves in offenfive war 
 the principal fervants fhould be fuch as to induce men of  againft the natives. They would probably be fuccetsful in 
 te oS J i J 
 a ‘ A Ree aed We / Peano e Ta: 
 experience and ii y, as well as of the beft moral character, merely offenfive operations, and by elling their captives as 
 to accept of emp pent under the Company, and that it flaves, they would find a conftant motive for the continuance 
 b ) J 
 general the falaries 5 of all their fervants fhould be futticien t of hoftilities. Africa, according to this fuppot fition, inttead 
 
 to induce married perfons to go to Sierra Le one will eceiving that compeniaticn for injuries fuftained through 
 
 ) g 
 families. ‘The expences of an eftabliihment at Sierra Leone the flave trade, which the Sicrra Leone e Company has withed 
 materially differ from thofe incurred in moft other foreign to beftow upon her, would be plundered of a inhabitants 
 fettlements ; the chief difference iS In contingencies, and by a body ot men, who have been caft upon her fhores by 
 
 Ort 
 
 J 
 arifes from the peculiar objects in view; thefe expences may Great Britain, and whofe right to land there is derived from 
 
 in fome = afure be calculated { irom the experience of ten a grant Of territory originally made to the captain of a 
 
 
 
 ee years ; and there would thereiore be no great dan ger of the Britith man of war, in the name of His Majett, v> @ ee 
 eftimate being excee eded ay tiie expenditure. confented to by the Africans in confequence ot their rehanc 
 The Direétors conceive the fum which has been mentioned in the good faith of Great Britain, and of their perfuafion of 
 » . of £.10,000 to be an ample 6 one ; but itis only on the fuppo- the benevolent defigns of the fociety which was party to the 
 ftion ‘of a liberal allowance.be in x afforded, that they ente r- faniae ‘tion 
 tain any confident hopes of effeéting the great objeéts, with The Maroons, z m ay be remarked, were originally Afri- 
 a view to which the annual fum of f 4,000 has been already cans. of the Coromant ‘ine nation. Their anceftors having 
 granted. been carrie ed ff a as flaves to Jamaica, fled after a time op 
 : their mafters, and lived im-the mountaino us. parts of tha 
 y . vee 1h A " 
 . Vv. IF the fettlement at Sierra Leone is abandoned, not aly en Ps a ng fori os Boe oe pe ca S Jam ae they 
 Objections were caeemed nee neighbouts, and were removed 
 
 : - ee the hope of accomplifhing thofe great. objeéts which hav 
 Oo e ali= 
 FT ouk ye. of been already fpoken of, muft be renounced, but shih 
 the Colony, expence and ‘dificult mutt alfo be incurred in confeq uence eee 
 and to the the 2 ee nent having to provide for the prefent sical 
 Maintenance The Nova’ Scotians, while in hee brought los 
 ofitona very . oy ee “6 
 contrated © eXpence, and the Maroons impofed a heavy charge on the 
 Scale. Britith government.. The expence of tranfporting thefe two 
 bodies of colonifts to Sierra Leone, as well as fettling them 
 there, has been confiderable. They are now placed in a 
 climate congenial to them. ro ae right of the Company to 
 the land occupied by the fettlers, is ‘undoubted. ‘The {oil is eae etd to 
 QGULULITPL, © 
 fruitful. ‘The lots of A oan 2a been laid out. Betweer Oem 
 n 1 fquare miles of count have been ed eee 
 U re es © eign re . 5 ; 4 Bie ce . 
 . 4 er si ee ok 1 ee te Ae clea To Tf it is ac im iitted that the Maroons have that fort of claim 
 ; 4 ee ; ne UMGIN?S Cc oa Ba r poh pears 
 roails. have, been, cut, and many - buildings ; erected, “. on the Britith governmen t which has been fpoken of, and if 
 remove the colonifts from their prefent “fituation, would 5 ee ee Seae  a eon 
 t is al lowed, as it ok ‘ol oo may, that the inova 
 probably therefore be deemed inexpedient. Indeed, in s 
 whatever part of Africa they may be fuppofed to be planted, 
 fome obftacles to the comfortable fettlement of them muft 
 be apprehended. Attempts were made by the Sierra Leone 
 Company to provide for the Maroons a fituation fomewhat 
 diftant from Freetown, but the difficulties Wide ae as at 
 
 from the ifland. While they re fided in Jam aica, no me 
 were taken to foften the fer ocity of their - difpot yfition, an 
 improve their minds,’ by affording Oe Ma ant 
 inftruGtion to them and to their children. 4 
 inferred from thefe confiderations, that the Bri 
 ment is under fome obligation both to prevent hey inne 6 and 
 warlike fpirit of the Maroons from being .turned again the 
 Africans, and to mtroduce Jog ong Rec fome fi tem | both 
 of fi Stable civil government and | of Chriftian education, ever 
 though there oe be fome doubt of the full fuccefs of the 
 1 amore than ordinary degree of expence 
 
 ans 
 
 d to 
 moral 
 
 £ 
 
 be 
 
 
 
 moreover i 5 
 Scotians now in the colony, who are the more meritorious 
 of the body, have a fair title to be. Candee, the queftion 
 
 which will remain for determination will then be, whethe 
 rable to combine the attempt te govern and to 
 eee thefe sircsciel with another an {till greater objeét 
 
 I 
 <2 * m3 S| bse 
 it 1s not Geli 
 
 
 
 — ~9 
 l d il se that of forwarding, by a moderate additional expence, the. 
 6 TFAVPTH Wi QO any ov~ner 1 r . a A £05 2 
 length to leave the governor as aes: ey = cultiv rete and the i aist of the cotitinent of Africa ? 
 Q 9 them on the ri ae I aren ay are : 5 } 
 ae than that of placing Ee De eae ta s ony Ji = tibe “ and whether alfo the work which has been alre auy begun 
 y 1 jay moreover be JUDBLEC 
 onging to the Co mpahy. t spe IMOLeO Ps ; through the volunta the Sierra Leone Com pany 
 
 ry efforts of 
 : whether ‘the pereons would readily acquielce in any new 
 
 akc 
 1 pe , J may be confidered as a eround on which the Parli lament of 
 VW BY } ya evil eC ~ vr i - } . ~* > ES 
 pe which mit oht 1 Hee a Gi reat Bri tain ougnt to proceed, or W hether any chan o e of 
 { p e- CC S e x ‘ain their ; ; d So” 
 If it is afflumed sat the colonifts are to maintain their plan may be deemed necetlary? 
 
 prefent polition, it panne! admit of doubt that fufficient 
 
 means of protection ought to. be afforded them, and the H: Thornton, Chairman John Inglis. 
 meafures which in cc palequence of. the late hoftilities of the Charles Grant, Dep. Charm John Kingfton, 
 natives are become neceflary for the fecurity of the fettlers, ‘Teignmouth. Samuel Parker 
 muft, even according to the loweft calculati ion, inyelve the W. Wilberforce. Edward Parry 
 government in a very confiderable expence ; for it will be Tq Ba biugton. Granville Sharp. 
 ablolutely neceflary. to complete the fort, and to retain, for Thomas Forfter, jun. George Wolltt 
 the prefent, all the Pritith troops now at Frectow n, confifting Jofeph Hardcatile. 
 
 4 Vou. X. (2.) Copy 
 
 
 

 
 H. Thornton, 
 
 Efq. 
 nye 
 
 me ET 
 ¥. Macaulay. 
 tytn 
 
 
 
 {tructed in writing and reading Englith, 
 
 ‘ QL 
 
 (44 (May 1802.) 
 
 REPORT Jrom the Committee on the 
 
 
 
 [ App 
 
 he, 
 
 
 
 a a ent 
 
 
 
 2.) 
 
 Copy of the EVIDENCE on the Sierra Leone Company's Petition. 
 
 
 
 HENRY THORNTON, Efq. a member of the Houfe, 
 and chairman of the Court of Direétors of the Sierra Leone 
 Company, delivered in a paper, intituled, “‘ Statement of the 
 Chairman and Court of Direétors of the Sierra Leone Com- 
 pany, refpe€ting the progrefs, ftate, and profpetts of the 
 colony of Sierra Leone.” 
 
 Mr. Zachary Macaulay, fecretary to the faid Company, 
 and formerly a governor of the colony, being defired to 
 ftate fuch further. particulars in addition to, and in confir- 
 mation of the above-named ftatement, as came within his 
 knowledge; obferved, that the greateft number of Gru- 
 mettas or free-labourers, whom he remembers to have been 
 
 employed in the colony at one time, was from three to four. 
 
 hundred. A greater number might have been eafily ob- 
 
 ‘tained if a demand for more had exifted in the colony ;—-the 
 
 facility of obtaining them continued till the chiefs of the 
 neighbouring nation interfered to prevent their refor ting to 
 the colony. He did not include the Croumen in this num- 
 ber, who, though occationally Lee on fhore, are 
 chiefly occupied in ApS on the coaft, and m managing finall 
 craft. Their number did not at any time exceed fixty. 
 T ey come from the coatt between Cape Mount and Cape 
 Palmas, a diftance of about three hundred and fifty- miles to 
 the foufhward of the colony. 
 
 Of negro children, there have been generally from 150 to 
 300, of whom from 20 to 30 were native Africans, at the 
 {chools. within the colony; and the number now in England 
 for the purpofe of education is 25. 
 
 The. children educated in the colony have been in- 
 arithmetic, and 
 the principles of religion. T hey have thewn confiderable 
 facility in learning. 
 
 Thofe who have been educated in England have been 
 jnfiruéted with much more effeé than thofe educated within 
 colony, owing in tome degree to parents in the latter 
 
 requently interfering with “thelr education. 
 Med upon what aut thority does the account of 
 this Mand lingoes reit, as {tated in the paper delivered in f 
 Mr. Macaula ay re plied : upon the information of many of the 
 Mandingoes themfelves, tho were in the habit of fi frequently 
 vifiting the colony, fometimes to the number of 40 or 50 
 a time; upon the information alfo of many Europeans 
 
 La 
 ae 
 
 calc | 
 
 AL 
 
 =< 
 
 who had been among thein ; it was alfo a matter of 9 ae 
 
 notoricty. 
 
 r 
 
 ee Mandingoes appeared, in point of Ara Cte far 
 rior to the other natives: they read the Arabic lan- 
 re. .. The extent of . their country is about 900 fquare 
 es, and the number ot its inhabitants about 48,000, 
 the ufual average population of the 
 neighbourhood of Sierra Leone, 
 not to exceed eight perfons to a 
 is calculation, however, is neceffarily a 
 
 
 
 about fix times 
 Pas eo oe a 1 
 Africa in the 
 reckoned 
 
 i fils Ca:cu 
 
 With reference to the Foulah country, his information 
 
 | from various authentic fources, but particu- 
 nairative of two fervants of the Company, 
 travelled into the interior, whofe journals he had pe- 
 gare, and with whom alfo he had had much 
 
 
 
 rufed with 
 eon veriation. 
 
 Civilization in Africa, has been obferved by him, to be 
 wenerall y in proportion to the diitance of the fituation 4 irom 
 The harbour of Sierra Leone, formed by the river of the 
 18 pertectly fate aad commodious, has good 
 and fufficient depth of water for veflels of 
 
 g ¢ 2 
 all burthens. The-moft dangerous winds are thofe which 
 ae ao the land, againft which the fhore forms a a perteét 
 
 "1 oe have occafionally fhips of war called at the fettle- 
 ment, and the officers ae exprefied themfelves fully fatis- 
 
 council at Sierra Piet and fdrenbels 
 
 fied yer the goodncfs of the harbour, particularly captain 
 Ball of the Disdalis and conimodare Cornwallis of the 
 Sheernefs. Captain Ball was there in the month of Janu- 
 ary 1798. Captain Ballard of the Pearl, captain Nath 
 of the Hornet, and admiral Thompfon, and feveral others, 
 have alfo been there. The depth of water is fufficient to 
 
 enable a frigate of 44 guns to lic within a furlong of the 
 town. 
 
 With refpeét to the fort at Thornton-hill, when finifhed, 
 it may be cisulidersd as a fecure proteCtion againft any at- 
 tempt either on the part of the natives or the colonifts, and 
 it alfo commands with effeét the harbour; but being com- 
 manded by an adjacent hill, it would not be a perenne 
 againft an Europezn enemy with numbers confiderably fu- 
 perior to the gar rio making a landing with artillery, and 
 occupying the pofition alluded to. This pofition 18 too ex- 
 tenfive tobe fortified at prefent without confiderable expence, 
 probably double the expenee of the projeéted fort on Thorn- 
 ton-hill., ; . 
 
 The climate refembles much that of the Weft Indies, 
 where the witnefs lived for fome years, and may reafonably 
 be expected to improve in. proportion as cultivation takes 
 place. It is believed to be already confiderably ameliorated. 
 The thermometer va aes throughout the year from 70 to 
 g5, the average about 80. J The rainy feafon, which is 
 dough it on the whole moft unhealthy, begins about the latter 
 end of May, and ends in October. An European, not 
 expofed to excefs of labour, and who is careful to guard 
 ae the effects of moifture, may en joy there a good {tate of 
 health. ‘The Nova Scotians Angered in a confiderable degree 
 on their firft fettlement, from caufes not ftrittly attr ibutable 
 to the climate. The Maroons fuffered in a much lef de- 
 gree. Latterly it has fuited both as well as the natives. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Ludlam; who is at prefent a member of the 
 acied as governor, 
 confirmed the evidence of Mr. Macaula ay in every'1 material 
 par ticular. 
 
 Mr. Macaulay, being defired to ftate the erounds of ¢al- 
 culation on which the propo fed increafe of grant is folicited, 
 delivered in a rough eftimate of the annual expence of the 
 colony of Sierra Leone; exclufive of the charge of ere€ling 
 the fort and maintaining the garrifon, ¢which is annexed to 
 this Report.) 
 
 Mr. Macaulay further fiated, that rice may be had from 
 the natives at from £.7 to £.8. per ton. ‘The quantitiés 
 grown In the Man ditigo country, ‘ifeke pi are more in- 
 duftrious, is greater in — tion than what is found in 
 any of the neighbouring {tates. The land on this part of 
 the coat of Africa is generally of equal fertility with the 
 land in Jamaica. The expence of clearing the land is, upon 
 
 an average, about £.3. per acre; the ufual crop of rice 
 per acre is about half a ton. The expence of cultivation, 
 
 ce clearing the ground, is not ver great, the lanting of 
 oO Pee ae : 
 ce being attended with little labour. The great difadvan- 
 sate attending the culture of rice with a view to ex ert, at 
 d : 5 
 prefent, is the want of machiner y for the purpote of etn. 
 ing it. 
 
 Mr. William Greaves ftated, that he lives at een 
 and has the care of the Africans now in England for edie 
 cation, as their {choolmafter. He has had othe r boys under 
 
 his care, but at prefent is charged folely with the education 
 of the children in queftion. They were’ placed under his 
 care about two years anc 1 an half ago.. Their ages are 
 
 3 them in reading, vi es 8 and 
 who is the moft for nm in 
 
 He i inftru@ 
 
 ne of sh i 
 
 from_10 to 17. 
 arithmetic; and o 
 
 2 
 menturation. Almof t all of them can fpeak and r ead 3 i 
 gliih tclerably well. Pains are taken to give thein infor- 
 mation on general { fubjeGis; as, hiftory, geography, natural 
 
 12 
 
 philofophy, 
 
 Mr. 
 vi Ladlam 
 Net ned 
 
 Mr. 
 Macaulay. 
 
 \ceeoeey penned 
 
 Mr. 
 W. Greaves. 
 ec tae 
 
 
 

 
 Mr. 
 Macaulay. 
 ae! 
 
 
 
 
 
 ¥ 
 FF 
 ' 
 
 ee 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 il 
 or 
 
 hh 
 
 } 
 ar 
 
 eHCIeS wi ICI 
 
 his care Chey 
 but more fre 
 
 laa 
 
 h: aving 
 
 
 
 
 
 learnec read 
 boat-buildi ing; and it is spropota to ie ace the others, as y 
 they get forward, to learn different trades. ‘They alio learn 
 vawious ufeful arts within the fchool, Sohi Efquire, unde 
 They retain a {trong attachment to their own country ; been. exami | th e 
 but dy not appear iinpatie ent to’ return home oe the Ee edu- from J rnor to } 
 
 iTOomd amaica DY 
 cation is complete d, being fenfi ‘ble. ot One lor 
 eed therefrom. The children thew 
 to adopt the principles of the Chriftian 
 
 of them have written letters to their aan re nts 4 / 
 
 prefiive of their opinions on this fubje&t. Books have been 
 prepared, principally on religious fubjeGs, for the ule of the 
 
 with the native language of fome of them, c 
 Englifh on the 
 
 AUN 
 
 . 
 
 ehildren, 
 es Silo 1 language,” on one fide, and the 
 other: which the phd now read, 
 
 the evi- 
 is the firit 
 
 m tu 
 
 shh 
 
 and Mr. Ea 
 and ¢ 
 
 Mr. Macaulay 
 dence of Mr. e 
 
 Yeaves 5 
 
 
 
 5 dé 
 attempt made to — to wr rit ng the Sufoo language ; 
 which is not a written language i Airica, and the ortho- 
 gray phy of which has been collected only from the founds. 
 As now printed, it is perfectly i not only to the \ 
 ¥ yys now in England, but alfo to the natives of the Sufoo vi 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 country, when read to them i 
 
 
 
 Y> 1 aaUe P 
 Some of the books pre over a outes le expence: to the 
 fent out recently to removal to Sierra Leone ; and in 
 meat aS with proper at being abandoned, he concei 
 lituted amonett tl an l expence wi uld Ot iT satu 
 
 They further 
 education to this 
 parents, or other friends. j 
 
 > 
 i 
 
 . Py at yt 
 has been to continue them in LEngiand ior 
 
 ee OTE Ee 
 
 
 
 2 
 vw. 
 
 EX 
 
 ) 
 
 tough ESTIMATE of the ANNUAL Colon 
 
 PENCE of ‘the y of Siert 
 of the Charge of ere€ting the Fort, and maintaining the dau? viz. 
 
 
 
 aa 
 
 Civit: 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ived ee 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ; 
 erary Of: itate, having 
 - : : 
 
 4 t VWOCTE } } (} 
 
 i ¢ ae 2 oat 
 
 OVA oil, Whi ny 
 
 
 
 
 
 ta Lat aes 
 they alto were 
 were more- 
 ‘ublic previous to their 
 
 <7 72y% * + ; 2 
 event Of} the colony 
 
 i 
 
 ely 
 
 
 
 ra a Le eone soe clufiy nce 
 
 ie: 
 Salary of the Governor - -~ - - £. 500 =: '| 3.950 
 Allowance for Table, &c, = - - - 500 | £. Court Houfe, Sta y, Attendants, &c. 100 
 
 mn 1,000 | Expence of Court of Requelis- - - - 75 
 Hitt Counc 3 =. 6 aera 350 | at compe tae Se eine 
 wecdm! in-Couneie < -4° Ss eae 30€ viagogo p os eee 
 mermrd in Comments ce ee Se 250 Pog bere Dee ae = 
 Secretary sc gee = oy eee a! a 200 ee R rn 1° ie Soe 3° 
 Affiftant D® and Accountant - - - - - - 150 See Care epee tee EL 
 
 
 
 Ten Clerks or Writers 
 
 = 
 
 ree 
 im 0 
 
 Ex; ye} 
 
 3 mnie en 
 
 men of fat 
 in the civil oaks criminal 
 additional falaries are 
 
 
 
 
 
 Surveyor and Reg 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 | 
 | 
 | 
 ' 
 i 
 | 
 aa 
 Council are em- 
 f 
 
 
 
 
 ion and 
 
 
 
 §30 
 
 ome 
 co 
 rts 
 O 
 =~ 
 oO 
 hoe et 
 i 
 Cr & ; 
 oO ¢ 
 a ee ee ee a ee ey 
 
 cpsas bs Men eT ee 20 
 Commiffary Gre Statice eee ee 150 | £. 200 
 rt ol - - *- = = 150 
 st tationary at d other Exp ences attending the Offices | 250 } me 
 Ys - i} io -_ _ o - a 
 eens | 
 ; i wee iim = thet TOO 
 £3 750 || b ae 
 JUDICIAL: | 570 
 i 
 N. B. The Govern nor an 1d “ AUN - 
 powered to act as Judges of the Criminal | Chaplain - - - +--+ - - -{. 250 
 Court. | <'te =" < 400 
 + . 
 3 | yairs of Churel 
 MOYO = Fo = eet aw eee ef: KO | pais of Uhu a 
 T - - + = 120 
 Thee Aldermen.- <= - s 2 eee 90 sat 
 Clerk ee OS shee Pe phe ee TS as EET wey eat ag a ete 25 | ee | iV 
 see scutes ress ss 
 Carried forward - - - | 3,750 | Carried over -  - | 5,920 
 ' i ag 
 
 Vou. &. 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 j x 
 5 
 OE 
 nce 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 yr 4 ¢ RA ONC R TPyy RT pie tl, C rmitteen. &pr PA way a 
 i <:O (Vi ay 136 2) LEE Ct From the Committee, Ac. | fipp. 
 a x = 
 eee wee Se — —— eens Sa tN 
 = ras — 
 Rough Eftimate of the Annual Expence of the Colony of Sierra Leone—continued. 4 
 | : 
 e | B : 
 Brought over - - 53920 srought up - - | 7,220 ta 
 ; oe S j 
 ULTIVATION : 
 Cori Yecafional Remuneration to meritorious Ser- 
 Expence of colle€ting Plants, and giying vants, and Provifion for iuch as are faper- : 
 Premiums for Cultivation - - - £. 300 annuated - - + = + «= - =' 250 < 
 Fxpence of a finall Experiment in Cul- ———| 1,300 ~ 
 -@ . gh 
 CV AUIOR a ey Se et eee ot Sb ZO * ns bet 
 be A furplus of about £. 1,500. per annum will then 4 
 \ o } 5 1° 1 ; Mts 
 T jer | be applicable to the purpotes of defraying 
 Home EsTABLISHMENT: | bes 
 various additional Garrifon x Pe ces, fending ‘ 
 pecretary - - - ~~ - + +: - £400 information either to or from the Colony on 
 Clerks = =0 we eet ee i = 280 extraordmary occafions, carr ying on the objeét 
 Houfe, Stationary, and various Contin- of Vivilization, maintaining Sc -hoolmafters in : 
 SODCICB sc, oso as ne an ee aa oe) native Towns, printing Rooks. in. the nati ve 
 ae bOO' Languages, Survey ot the Country, Tra vel8 | 
 GENERAL. CONTINGENCIES: into the Inte erlor, as s well as providing for un- | 
 forefeei 1 C OU) ti G rencie me = op wy H2 se = | } AR a 
 Annual Expence. of Buildings of a public eee ee a 
 kind = - «© - 5s = = = = “£1400 / Far a . 
 Servants Paflages  - “ - - 300 £| 10,000 
 Expence of Boats atid Grell Craft for the 2 ae 
 ufe. of the Civil Department, with Har- No OTHE Ghees Fnate Getoanaieg Seica tis 
 % N > above mate iS iuppocie tO wme ude tne 
 bour Matters Salary - + -.- - 200 a be oF M. eacettthees | ak pentane 
 : annual expence of the Maroon Eftablifhment, but not 1 
 Prefents.to native Chiefs -  - -. ---= 250 sce 5 Kitablifhin pe Oe ED ' 
 ____..|| include the expence of educating. native child ren in Eng 
 Ie land, which has been chiefly borne by annual voluntary 
 Carried forward * = 7,220| € c € ic a J 1c VD) annual vol untary 
 | fubteription, s ; 
 aan Ss To eee 
 ‘ 
 f 
 f, 
 Rs 
 Y 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 66 
 
 INDEX to the TENTH VOL. OF REPORTS 
 
 
 
 Sierra Leone Company. 
 
 1802. 
 
 On the Progress, State, and Prospects of the Colony of Stzurra LEONE; and on the Affairs of 
 
 the Company :—Report, dated 25 May 1802 
 
 - = = = = = = = = = = page 736. 
 
 CHIEF SUBJECTS: 
 
 State of the Funds granted for the Support of the Colony.—Prospect of the ultimate utility of 
 
 the Settlement. 
 
 Maroon and Nova Scotian Settlers require the Assistance of Government. 
 
 Some Account of the Country and its Productions. 
 
 
 
 A. 
 
 FRICA, an expedition into the interior of, by two of the 
 “4 Sierra Leone Company’s servants, as far as Teembo, the 
 capital of the Foulah kingdom, 737 b.—the navigation of 
 the rivers in, impeded by the apprehensions of the natives 
 of, being seized and sold for slaves, 738 a. the civilization 
 of, to what ascribed, 740 bon what the promotion of 
 civilization in, depends, 741 b, 742 a.—peculiar state of the 
 country in the neighbourhood of Sierra Leone, ib.—pro- 
 perty of towns in, easily acquired, ib.—the Susoo language 
 nota written one, 744 b, 745 a.—whether the civilization 
 and cultivation of, ought to be forwarded by a moderate 
 additional expense, and how far the work already begun by 
 the voluntary efforts of the Sierra Leone Company, may be 
 considered as a ground on which the British Parliament 
 may proceed, 743 b. 
 
 African children, sent to England for education, 742 b.—pro- 
 priety of educating them as agents and missionaries, ib.— 
 placed under the care of Mr. Greaves, at Clapham, 744 b.— 
 sastruction in reading, writing, and arithmetic, ib.—one of 
 them forward in mensuration, ib.—almost all of them can 
 speak and read English tolerably well, ib.—pains taken to 
 give them information on general subjects, ib.—exhibit no 
 want of capacity, 744 a.—put to learn boat-building, and 
 several useful arts, ib.—show a great disposition to adopt the 
 principles of the Christian religion, ib.—to remain in Eng- 
 land for7 or 8 years and then to be returned to Sierra 
 Leone, 745 a b.—advantages of this measure, 745 b.—many 
 of them being sons of chiefs, will probably succeed to power, 
 
 ib. 
 
 
 
 B. 
 
 Blacks, 1,200, who had taken part in the American war, when 
 removed from Nova Scotia to Sierra Leone, 737 a. 
 
 Books prepared in the Susoo language, for the use of the 
 African children in England,745 a.—some of them sent out 
 to Sierra Leone, ib. 
 
 British trade, the extension of the, with Africa, must depend 
 chiefly on the creation of anew exportable produce, 741 a. 
 
 troops, the necessity of limiting the number of, in 
 
 Sierra Leone as muchas possible, 740 a. 
 
 C. 
 
 Charter of justice, privileges of ; gives the right of trial by 
 , Jury in civil and criminal cases ; 739 a. 
 Cinnamon flourishes in Sierra Leone, 741 b. 
 
 Civil establishment at Sierra Leone, expense of, 745 a. 
 
 Civilization, on what the promotion of it depends in Africa, 
 741 b, 742 a.—whether or not it ought to be forwarded, 
 
 3b. 
 
 Climate of Sierra Leone, its salubrity ; calculated from the 
 number of deaths in the course of each two years, 739 ib 
 740 a.—tresembles that of the West Indies, 744 b. 
 
 Coffee, a field of, cultivated by Mr. Ludlam, 741 a.—whendis- 
 covered growing in the mountains of Sierra Leone; tlre 
 principal article of cultivation, considered with a view to 
 commercial profit, 741 b. 
 
 Colony. See Sierra Leone. 
 
 Company of Sierra Leone, funds annually granted to, by Parlia- 
 nent, insufficient for the security of the colony, 756 a.— 
 statement of the chairman and court of directors of, re- 
 specting thé progress, state, and’ prospects of the colony, 
 737 a.—extension of their influence among the natives, 
 
 
 
 738 a.—directors of, obtain a charter of justice, and the 
 grant of a small force tobe stationed at Sierra Leone, and 
 the erection of a fort, 738 b.—indemnifieation granted’ by 
 government to, as a partial remuneration for their expenses 
 in settling the Nova Scotians, ib.—money necessary for 
 the support of the establishment at home and abroad, 
 743 a.—evidence on their petition, 744 a. 
 
 Contingencies, general, at Sierra Leone, expense of, 746 a. 
 
 Cotton plantation, one set on foot by the medium of the labour 
 of the slaves, 737 b.—considerable efforts made to establish 
 in the colony, but without success, owing to its being de- 
 stroyed by a wotm ; but is a very productive article near 
 Sierra Leone, 741 b. 
 
 Crewmen or Croumen, a body of men in Africa so called 
 741 a.—their numbers, 744 a. ; 
 
 Cultivation at Sierra Leone, how prevented, 737 a b.—to be 
 regarded in three points of view, 741 a.—how far carried’ 
 on when the labour of the Grumettas was interrupted by 
 some recent disturbances, ib.—to what at present con- 
 fined among the natives, ib.—might be extended to other 
 articles besides rice, did not the slave trade continue, ib.— 
 the cultivation of Sierra Leone and its neighboushood 
 may afford much exportable produce, 741 b.—expense oF 
 collecting and cultivating plants, &c. 746 a. 
 
 D. 
 
 Directors of the Sierra Leone Company obtain a charter of 
 justice, and the grant of a small force to be established 
 there, and for the erection of a fort, 738 b. 
 
 E. 
 
 Establishment of Sierra Leone, too great Hmitation of, es- 
 pecially since 1794, 740 a. 
 
 Estimate of the annual expense of the colony of Sietra 
 Leone, exclusive of erecting the fort and maintaining the 
 garrison, 745, 746. 
 
 Evidence on the Sierra Leone Company’s petition, 744 a. 
 
 Expedition into the interior of Africa, by two of the Sierra 
 Leone Company’s servants who travelled as far as Teenabo, 
 the capital of the Foulah kingdom, 737 b. 
 
 Expense of the settlement of Sierra Leone, considerable, and 
 how increased, 737 a. 
 
 { 
 
 F. 
 
 Factory, one established on the Foulah river, 737 b. 
 
 Forts, African, various sums granted by government for the 
 erection of, 738 b. 
 
 —+- the Sierra Leone Company obtain a grant for erecting a 
 fort, 738 b.—what expenditure necessary to complete it, 
 743 a.—force necessary till its completion, and subsequent 
 to that event, 742 a. 
 
 Foulah country, authenticity of the information relative to, 
 744 a.—its eapital visited by two of the Sierra Leone 
 Company’s servants, 737 b.—a factory established om the 
 Foulah river, ib. 
 
 Free passage home, to whom it. should be granted, 743 b. 
 
 Free-town, number of houses at ; the government-house pro- 
 
 _ tected by a pallisade and six pieces of cannon ; a place of 
 considerable. resort, 738. a.—forees of the friendly chiefs 
 sent for the protection of, when dismissed, 739 a. 
 
 Funds annually granted by parliament, insufficient for the 
 
 security of the colony of Sierra Leone, 736 a. 
 “ 
 
 
 
 Government 
 
 
 
» 
 
 of THE HOUSE OF COMMONS: 1785—1801. 
 
 ss aaoaaooaquauQaquQuquaumumt,.e,sssssss 
 Sierra Leone. Companp—continued. 
 
 G. 
 
 Government at Sierra Leoné, instance of the weakness of, 
 737 b.—experiences much trouble from the temper of the 
 Nova Scotians, ib.—a proof of the advantages and effects 
 of a permanent though imperfect system of government, in 
 the plans of the Sierra Leone Company, 742 a. 
 
 Governments, African, in a great measure hereditary, 742 b. 
 
 Greaves, Mr. W., evidence of, 744 b. 
 
 Grumettas, or native labourers, their improvement in dress, 
 and in the sobriety of their manners, 758 a.—the greatest 
 
 “numbers of, in the country, 744 a, 
 
 H. 
 Home establishment at Sierra Leone, expense of,.746 a. 
 I. 
 Income of the principal servants of the company, should be 
 
 such as to induce men of ability, as well as of the best moral 
 
 character, to accept of employment, 7432. 
 Indemnification granted by government to the Sierra Leone 
 Company, as a partial remuneration for their expenses in 
 
 settling the Nova Scotians, 738 b. 
 Inhabitants of Sierra Leone, how employed, and the number 
 
 of European residents at, 738 a. 
 Instruction, expense of the establishment for,at Sierra Leone, 
 
 745 bs 
 J. 
 
 Judicial establishment at Sierra Leone, expense of, 745 a b. 
 
 K, 
 
 King, John, esq:, evidence of, 745 b. 
 
 Le 
 
 Language. See Susoo. 
 Ludlam, My., evidence of, 744 b, 745 a. 
 M. 
 
 Macaulay, Mx. Z., evidence of, 744a b, 745 a b. 
 
 Mahomedans, a small number of, settlers m the neighbourhood 
 of Sierra Leone, hence called the Mandingo country; 
 their history, and-the benefits communicated from their laws 
 and religion; 742.a b. 
 
 Mandingo country, where situated; the origin of its name, 
 &c., 742 ab.—authority of the accounts relative to the Man- 
 dingoes, 744 a. 
 
 Maroons, why. taken under the protection of the Sierra Leone 
 company, 738 b.—assist in quelling an insurrection among 
 the Nova Scotians; result of this, ib—on what grounds 
 their character may be expected to improve, 740 b.—are 
 active and intrepid, prodigal of their lives, confident of 
 their strength, proud of the character of their body, and 
 fond, though not jealous, of their independence, 741 b. 
 —their excellent temper and docility, 742 a.—expense of 
 transporting these colonists to Sierra Leone, 743 a.— expense 
 of removing them and the Nova Scotians to Africa, 745 b. 
 —originally Africans of the Coromantine nation; their 
 ancestors carried off as slaves to Jamaica; 743 a.—reasons 
 why the British Government should now prevent their war- 
 like spirit being turned against the Africans, 743 b. 
 
 Medical department at Sierra Leone, expense of, 745 b. 
 
 Merchants, independent, may trade to advantage at Sierra 
 Leone, 741 b. 
 
 Mohammedans. See Mahomedans. 
 
 N. 
 
 Navigation of the rivers in Africa, impeded by the appre- 
 hensions of the natives of, being seized and sold for slaves, 
 738 a. 
 
 Nova Scotians, give much trouble to the government of 
 Sierra Leone, 737 b.—the insurgents who had escaped from 
 Sierra Leone, return at the head of a body of natives, and 
 attack the unfinished fort, but are repulsed, 738 b.--mani- 
 fest a spirit of insubordination and turbulence, threatening 
 the overthrow of the colony, ib.—a large portion of the 
 Nova Scotian colonists, idle, turbulent, and unreasonable, 
 eo a fee desperate and designing individuals, whose object 
 
 on. ‘ 
 
 is the assumption of the supreme power, 739 a.—powers 
 of the Nova Scotian party, when and how broken, 739 a b. 
 —on what grounds their character may be expected to 
 improve, 740 b.—-why they have not improved in morals 
 in the colony, 741.a.—are much awed by the Maroons, and 
 impressed with the fear of punishment, which has followed 
 the insubordination of the colony, 741 b.—expense of trans- 
 porting them to Sierra Leone, 743 a. 
 
 P. 
 
 Passage home, to whom it should be granted free, 743 b. 
 
 Pepper, long and red, very productive articles, 741 b.—black 
 pepper not yet tried in. the colony, 741 a. 
 
 Plantation, and garden of experiment, at Sierra Leone, their 
 object, 737 b. 
 
 Polygamy, the suppression of, an expedient too hazardous to 
 be tried among the Maroons, 742 a. 
 
 Premiums necessary for persons who take the lead in culti- 
 vating the soil at Sierra Leone, 743 b. 
 
 R. 
 
 Rice, the staple commodity of Sierra Leone; how it might be 
 produced for the purposes of exportation, and the supply 
 of English markets; 741 b.—price of, 744 b. 
 
 Ss. 
 
 Settlement. See Sierra Leone. 
 
 Ships of war, number of, at Sierra Leone, 744 a b. 
 
 Sterra Leone, settlement or colony of, in what case it must be 
 abandoned, 736 a.—the state of, not such as indicates the 
 impracticability of effecting the chief objects of the. com- 
 pany, 736 b.—-satisfactory progress of education within, 
 ib.—-striking degree of natural talents displayed by the 
 children of, ib. 
 
 A brief history of the settlement, 737 a.—objects of its 
 founders, ib.—ex pense of, considerable, and how increased, 
 ib.—obstacles to cultivation in, 737 a b.—-attacked and taken 
 by a French squadron in October 1.794, 737b.—results of this 
 occurrence, 738 a.—difliculty of procuring a sufficient num- 
 ber of Europeans of good character and abilities, to under- 
 take offices at, ib. 
 
 ‘Trade of the company at, how far successful, 738 a.— 
 enormous expense of insuring cargoes to, during the war; 
 armed vessels why sent out to, and detained there ; expense 
 of the company in shipping ; ib. 
 
 Inhabitants of the colony how employed, and the number 
 of Europeans resident there, 738 a.—the sum of 4,000/. per 
 annum, twice voted by parliament, insufficient for main- 
 taining the settlement, 739 a.—how far the colony gained 
 the confidence of the natives, ib.—effects of the weakness 
 of the government, and how repaired by their obtaining a 
 charter of justice and a small military force, ib.—a large 
 portion of idle, turbulent, and unreasonable Nova Scotia 
 colonists at, witha few desperate and designing individuals, 
 whose object is, the assumption of the supreme power, ib. 
 -—advances of the colony, how obstructed, 739 a b. 
 
 For what purpose fears and jealousies have been instilled 
 into the minds of the neighbouring natives, 739 b.—salu- 
 brity of the climate of Sierra Leone, calculated from thé 
 number of deaths in the course of each two years, ib. 
 740 a,—too great limitation of the establishment of, especi- 
 ally since 1794, ib.—ruinous effects of war upon the affairs 
 ot the company of, ib. 
 
 Progress of the colony, opposed by the slave trade, 
 740 a b.-—other obstacles enumerated, 740 b.—staple pro- 
 ductions of, 741 b.—peculiar advantages of its situation, 
 742 b.—the river of Sierra Leone, an important station to a 
 commercial people, ib.—the harbour safe, commodious, and 
 easy of access, ib.—force necessary at, till the fort is finished, 
 and subsequently, and what expenditure necessary to com- 
 plete that, 742 b, 743 a. 
 
 Objections to the abandonment of the, 743 a b.—why no 
 medium between abandoning the colony and rendering it 
 secure by the expenditure of an adequate sum, 743 b. 
 
 Rough estimate of the annual expense of the colony, 
 exclusive of erecting the fort and maintaining the garrison, 
 745, 746. 
 
 See Company. 
 
 Slave-trade, the revival of, prejudicial to the people of Sierra 
 Leone, 737 b:—opposes the progress of the colony, 740 b. 
 
 Sugar, the soil of Sierra Leone favourable for ; thesugar cane 
 produced in great perfeetion ; 741 b. 
 
 Susoo 
 
 
 

 
 68 INDEX to the TENTH VOL. OF REPORTS 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sierra Leone Company—continued. 
 
 
 
 Susoo language, not a written one, 745 a.—books preparedin, Timmaney chiefs, in what manner they harass the colony, their 
 for the use of the African children in England, ib.—a few of character, and that of thenation of the Timmaneys “ b 
 the books sent out to Sierra Leone, ib. pf YS, 739 9- 
 
 Ww. 
 
 ‘ES 
 War, ruinous effects of, on the affai 
 Pasi! fe a airs 
 Teembo, number of people at, and in the places in its vicinity, Company, 740 a. ; of the Sierra Leone 
 and the cultivated state of its mhabitants, who read and 
 
 write the Arabic language, 737 b.